hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nelson Tyler
Nelson Tyler is an engineer and inventor.

He was the designer and inventor of the PWC, Wetbike.  A personal watercraft that rides like a motorcycle.  He has developed gyro-stabilized camera systems for aerial use and won an Academy Award in 2005 for one designed to be used on a boat.  He developed a personal rocket pack which was used at the 1984 Olympics and in subsequent stunt flights.  He has developed jet packs for JetPack Aviation and is now working on an electric-powered personal air vehicle.

Jet pack
A jet pack, rocket belt, rocket pack or flight pack is a device worn as a backpack which uses jets to propel the wearer through the air. The concept has been present in science fiction for almost a century and the first working experimental devices were demonstrated in the 1960s.

Jet packs have been developed using a variety of mechanisms, but their uses are limited because of factors including the Earth's atmosphere, gravity, the low energy density of extreme fuels, and the human body not being suited to flight, so they are principally used for stunts.

A practical use for the jet pack has been in extra-vehicular activities for astronauts because of the weightlessness and lack of friction-creating atmosphere in orbit. The term jet suit is used for a system incorporating a jet pack and associated jets attached to the arms to increase manoeuvrability (e.g. the Daedalus Flight Pack).
Michaele Salahi
Michaele Ann Schon (born Michaele Ann Holt; born October 1, 1965), formerly  Michaele Salahi, is an American television personality and model. In 2010, she was a cast member on the reality show The Real Housewives of D.C. She and her then-husband, Tareq Salahi, gained national attention in November 2009 by breaching security to attend a White House state dinner in honor of India's Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.

Tareq Salahi
Tareq Dirgham Salahi  is an American man who became known for attending a White House state dinner as an uninvited guest in 2009. Salahi has appeared in two reality-television shows: Where the Elite Meet, and NBC Universal/Bravo's The Real Housewives of D.C.
Suhas Subramanyam
Suhas Subramanyam (born September 26, 1986) is an American politician and attorney serving as the U.S. representative for Virginia's 10th congressional district since 2025. A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the Virginia Senate from 2024 to 2025 and in the Virginia House of Delegates from 2020 to 2024.

After working as a White House advisor during the Obama administration, Subramanayam became the first South Asian American elected to the Virginia General Assembly in 2019. He was elected to the Virginia Senate in 2023, representing the 32nd district.

In 2024, Subramanayam was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, succeeding Jennifer Wexton. His district covers the northern Virginia exurbs of Washington, D.C., including all of Loudoun and Fauquier counties, as well as parts of Rappahannock, Prince William, and Fairfax counties.

Virginia's 10th congressional district
Virginia's 10th congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Situated in the suburbs and exurbs of Northern Virginia, the district includes the entireties of Loudoun, Fauquier, and Rappahannock counties, along with portions of Fairfax and Prince William counties. The district also includes the cities of Manassas and Manassas Park. It has been represented by Democrat Suhas Subramanyam since 2025, who succeeded retiring Democratic incumbent Jennifer Wexton.
Polygenism
Polygenism is a theory of human origins which posits the view that humans are of different origins (polygenesis). This view is opposite to the idea of monogenism, which posits a single origin of humanity. Modern scientific views find little merit in any polygenic model due to an increased understanding of speciation in a human context, with the monogenic "Out of Africa" hypothesis and its variants being the most widely accepted models for human origins. Polygenism has historically been heavily used in service of white supremacist ideas and practices, denying a common origin between European and non-European peoples. It can be distinguished between Biblical polygenism, describing a Pre-Adamite or Co-Adamite origin of certain races in the context of the Genesis narrative of Adam and Eve, and scientific polygenism, attempting to find a taxonomic basis for ideas of racial science.

Monogenism
Monogenism or sometimes monogenesis is the theory of human origins which posits a common descent for all humans. The negation of monogenism is polygenism. This issue was hotly debated in the Western world in the nineteenth century, as the assumptions of scientific racism came under scrutiny both from religious groups and in the light of developments in the life sciences and human science. It was integral to the early conceptions of ethnology.

Modern scientific views favor this theory, with the most widely accepted model for human origins being the "Out of Africa" theory.
Mädchen (song)
"Mädchen" (pronounced [ˈmɛːtçən], English: "Girl") is a German-language song by German pop rock musical duo Lucilectric, written by members Luci van Org and Goldkind. The track was produced by Annette Humpe and Andreas Herbig and was released as a single in Germany in mid-1993. Although it was not successful initially, the song eventually became a top-10 hit in the Netherlands, after which it charted in several other European countries, reaching number two in Germany and becoming a top-five hit in Austria and Switzerland. The song is certified gold in both Austria and Germany and won an Echo Award for Best National Single in 1995.

Lucilectric
Lucilectric was a German pop/rock duo founded in 1993 by Luci van Org and producer Ralf Goldkind. They are known primarily for their 1994 hit single "Mädchen" ("Girl"), which spent 12 weeks in the German Top 10, eventually reaching number two. The single also charted in the Swiss, Austrian and Dutch markets. Hey Süßer (Hey sweetheart), another of single from the same album, also reached the Top 40 in 1994. Lucilectric would go on to record two more albums and eventually separated in 1999.
Princess Agnes of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Princess Marie Agnes Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, full German name: Marie Agnes Henriette, Prinzessin zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg (5 December 1804 – 9 September 1835) was a member of the House of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and a Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg by birth. Through her marriage to Constantine, Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein, Agnes was also a member of the House of Löwenstein and Hereditary Princess of Löwenstein. Through her daughter Adelaide of Löwenstein, Agnes is an ancestor to numerous Roman Catholic European royal families.

Constantine, Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
Constantine Josef, Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (28 September 1802, in Kleinheubach, near Miltenberg – 27 December 1838, in Kleinheubach), was the eldest son and heir of Charles Thomas, Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg, and Sophie of Windisch-Graetz. He died before his father.
Chase (TV channel)
Chase (visually rendered in its logo all capital letters) was a Philippine television network owned and produced by Solar Entertainment Corporation through Solar TV Network, Inc. (now Nine Media Corporation) It was a sister of the networks Talk TV, ETC, 2nd Avenue,  Universal Channel, Jack TV, Basketball TV, Solar Sports, The Game Channel (which formerly used its evening airtime block) and Diva Universal. It was formerly available over and also broadcast via BEAM Channel 31 (free TV). Launched on December 24, 2011, its programming was focused on suspense, science fiction, and drama series (the same as the defunct C/S). It dissolved its operations on October 19, 2012 as it had been replaced by Jack City, the secondary network channel of Jack TV, although some of its programs are still carried over by said network station channel.

Solar Entertainment
Solar Entertainment Corporation (also known as Solar Entertainment, and simply known as Solar or SEC) is a Filipino media company based in Makati, Philippines. Founded and owned by the brothers Wilson, William and Willy Tieng, Solar Entertainment operates three digital free-to-air channels and one cable channel. Solar also owns a film distribution company (Solar Pictures) and defunct freemium digital television service (Easy TV Home).

Solar Entertainment owns and operates three digital TV channels: SolarFlix, Solar Sports, and Solar Learning. It also owns television network Southern Broadcasting Network (SBN).

Solar Entertainment formerly owns Nine Media Corporation, a Solar's former broadcast media firm, which privatized Radio Philippines Network (RPN) in 2011. NMC and RPN are currently owned by ALC Group of Companies and operates RPTV, a free-to-air channel in partnership with TV5 Network.
ANA Hotels
ANA Hotels (全日空ホテルズ, Zen'nikkū Hoteruzu) is a Japanese hotel chain established in 1973 by All Nippon Airways (ANA). In October 2006, ANA sold majority ownership of ANA Hotels to the InterContinental Hotels Group (IHG), which is now the primary shareholder. The managed properties of ANA Hotels are marketed under the ANA InterContinental, ANA Crowne Plaza, ANA Hotels and ANA Holiday Inn brands.

All Nippon Airways
All Nippon Airways (ANA) is a Japanese airline headquartered in Minato, Tokyo. ANA operates services to both domestic and international destinations and is Japan's largest airline, ahead of its main rival Japan Airlines. As of March 2024, the airline has approximately 12,800 employees. The airline joined as a Star Alliance member in October 1999.

In addition to its mainline operations, ANA controls several subsidiary passenger carriers, such as its regional airline ANA Wings, Air Nippon, Air Do (a low-cost carrier operating scheduled service between Tokyo and cities in Hokkaido), Air Japan and Allex Cargo (ANA Cargo – the freighter division operated by Air Japan). Peach Aviation, a low-cost carrier based in Japan, is fully owned by ANA.
Robert L. Birmingham
Robert L. Birmingham is an American academic and legal scholar, who specializes in admiralty law, federal courts, energy law, and law and philosophy.  He is a professor of law at the University of Connecticut School of Law.  He is best known for originating the theory of efficient breach of contract.

Efficient breach
In legal theory, particularly in law and economics, efficient breach is a voluntary breach of contract and payment of damages by a party who concludes that they would incur greater economic loss by performing under the contract.
Camellia railway station
Camellia railway station was a suburban railway station located on the Carlingford line, serving the Sydney suburb of Camellia. Open between 1901 and 2020, at the time of closure it was served by Sydney Trains T6 Carlingford Line services.

Carlingford railway line
The Carlingford railway line is a former heavy rail line in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It was opened from Clyde to Rosehill Racecourse (later renamed Rosehill) in January 1888, then by means of the construction of a bridge across the Parramatta River, to Carlingford in April 1896. It closed on 5 January 2020 with most of the line converted to be part of Parramatta Light Rail which opened in December 2024. A short section of the line was retained for use by Sydney Trains.
Rhodhiss, North Carolina
Rhodhiss is a town in Caldwell and Burke counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, Rhodhiss had a population of 997. It is part of the Hickory–Lenoir–Morganton Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Caldwell County, North Carolina
Caldwell County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. As of the 2020 census, the population was 80,652. Its county seat is Lenoir. Caldwell County is part of the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Battle of Yaroslavl (1245)
The Battle of Yaroslavl (1245) was a battle fought on 17 August 1245 near San next to the town of Yaroslavl, between the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia led by Daniel of Galicia and Vasylko Romanovych supported by the Cumans and the Galician opposition supported by Hungarians and Poles. The battle resulted in the defeat of the Galician opposition.

Daniel of Galicia
Daniel Romanovich (1201–1264) was Prince of Galicia (1205–1207; 1211–1212; 1230–1232; 1233–1234; 1238–1264), Volhynia (1205–1208; 1215–1238), Grand Prince of Kiev (1240), and King of Ruthenia (1253–1264). He was the son of Roman Mstislavich of Volhynia and Anne-Euphrosyne, the daughter of Byzantine emperor Isaac II Angelos.

Under Daniel's long rule the Romanovichi branch of Rurikids restored control over Galicia, and the reunited principality rose to become a prominent power, eventually being elevated to the status of a kingdom. Daniel's rule managed to withstand the Mongol invasions, making him a defining personality in the latter period of the existence of Kievan Rus following the decline of Kyiv. The Galician-Volhynian Chronicle praised Daniel as an exemplary ruler, brave warrior and wise statesman, whose qualities as a monarch made him second only to Solomon.
Oberliga (football)
The Oberliga (German: [ˈoːbɐˌliːɡa], "Upper League"; plural: Oberligen) is the fifth tier of the German football league system. Before the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008, it was the fourth tier.  At the end of the 2011–12 season, the number of Oberligas was increased from eleven to fourteen.

With the exception of the Nazi-era Gauliga, the term Oberliga (equivalent to Premier League in English) was used prior to the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963 for first-division leagues in West Germany. Between 1978–94 the term Amateuroberliga was used for third-tier leagues, which were then the highest level of amateur play in the country. The current usage of the designation Oberliga was introduced in 1994. In East Germany a separate league structure was in place from 1948–1990 and the top flight division there was known as the DDR-Oberliga.

3. Liga
The 3. Liga is a professional association football league and the third division in Germany. In the German football league system, it is positioned between the 2. Bundesliga and the fourth-tier Regionalliga.

The modern 3. Liga was formed for the 2008–09 season, replacing the Regionalliga, which had previously served as the third-tier in the country. In Germany, the 3. Liga is also the highest division that a club's reserve team can play in.
Larry Gunselman
Larry Gunselman (born December 1, 1960) is an American former stock car racing driver and team owner. He was the owner of Max Q Motorsports, which fielded the No. 37 Chevrolet in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series from 2009 to 2012.

Max Q Motorsports
Max Q Motorsports (formerly Gunselman Motorsports) was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series team owned by former driver Larry Gunselman. It fielded cars between 2009 and 2013. The team's car numbers are 37 and 64.
André Citroën
André-Gustave Citroën (French: [ɑ̃dʁe ɡystav sitʁɔɛn]; 5 February 1878 – 3 July 1935) was a French industrialist and the founder of French automaker Citroën. He is also remembered for his application of double helical gears.

Herringbone gear
A herringbone gear, a specific type of double helical gear, is a side-to-side, rather than face-to-face, combination of two helical gears of opposite hands. From the top, each helical groove of this gear looks like the letter V, and many together form a herringbone pattern (resembling the bones of a fish such as a herring). Unlike helical gears, herringbone gears do not produce an additional axial load.

Like helical gears, they have the advantage of transferring power smoothly, because more than two teeth will be enmeshed at any moment in time. Their advantage over the helical gears is that the side-thrust of one half is balanced by that of the other half. This means that herringbone gears can be used in torque gearboxes without requiring a substantial thrust bearing. Because of this, herringbone gears were an important step in the introduction of the steam turbine to marine propulsion.
Judith Grunfeld
Judith Grunfeld born Judith Rosenbaum (18 December 1902 – 14 May 1998) was a Hungarian born Jewish German teacher who spent much of her life in the United Kingdom. She was a pioneer of the revolutionary Bais Yaakov girl's education movement. She taught teachers in Poland and then led a Jewish school of girls, which was evacuated throughout the war to the small town of Shefford.

Bais Yaakov
Bais Yaakov (Hebrew: בית יעקב, romanized: Beit Ya’akov, lit. 'House [of] Jacob', also Beis Yaakov, Beit Yaakov, Beth Jacob or Beys Yankev) is a genericized name for full-time Haredi Jewish elementary and secondary schools for girls worldwide.

Bais Yaakov, started by Sarah Schenirer in post-World War I
Kraków, was at the time a revolutionary approach to Jewish women's education. The schools have risen to prominence in Haredi communities within Orthodox Judaism, with branches located worldwide in every Jewish community with a significant population.

While many of these schools carry the Bais Yaakov name, they are not necessarily affiliated, though they may be for other reasons.
Serjeant Painter
The Serjeant Painter was an honourable and lucrative position as court painter with the English monarch. It carried with it the prerogative of painting and gilding all of the King's residences, coaches, banners, etc. and it grossed over £1,000 in a good year by the 18th century. The work itself involved painting the palaces, coaches, royal barges, and all sorts of decorations for festivities, which often had to be designed as well. The actual involvement of the serjeant painters in this gradually declined. The post itself fell out of use in the 18th century, after a period when "fine art" painters were appointed, and expected to supervise rather than execute decorative painting, for a good salary.

John de Critz
John de Critz or John Decritz (1551/2 – 14 March 1642 (buried)) was one of a number of painters of Flemish origin active at the English royal court during the reigns of James I of England and Charles I of England. He held the post of Serjeant Painter to the king from 1603, at first jointly with Leonard Fryer and from 1610 jointly with Robert Peake the Elder.
Jeffrey Miles
Jeffrey Allan Miles AO (20 March 1935 – 11 February 2019) was an Australian author and jurist. He was a Chief Justice of the Australian Capital Territory. He also held judicial appointments in New South Wales and Papua New Guinea. In 2005 he conducted a judicial review into the fitness to be tried of David Eastman who had been convicted of murdering Australian policeman Colin Winchester. In 2008, he was elected President of the Australian Capital Territory Branch of the International Commission of Jurists.

David Eastman (wrongful conviction)
David Harold Eastman is a former public servant from Canberra, Australia. In 1995, he was wrongfully convicted of the murder of Australian Federal Police Assistant Commissioner Colin Winchester and was sentenced to life imprisonment without parole. A 2014 judicial inquiry recommended the sentence be quashed and he should be pardoned. On 22 August of the same year, the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory quashed the conviction, released Eastman from prison, and ordered a retrial.

Eastman sought leave to the High Court to appeal against the decision for a retrial. His appeal was unsuccessful, and a retrial commenced on 18 June 2018. On 22 November 2018, the jury in the retrial found Eastman not guilty of murder. Eastman, who had served 19 years in custody, was awarded A$7 million in compensation in October 2019.
Evanioidea
The Evanioidea are a small hymenopteran superfamily that includes three extant families, two of which (Aulacidae and Gasteruptiidae) are much more closely related to one another than they are to the remaining family, Evaniidae. The rich fossil record, however, helps fill in the gaps between these lineages. They all share the trait of having the metasoma attached very high above the hind coxae on the propodeum.

It is a poorly known group as a whole, with some 1100 known species in total, and a great many species are still undescribed. While each of the three families differs in biology, within each family, they are remarkably uniform in appearance and habits.

The oldest records of the group date to the Middle Jurassic, and were diverse from the Middle Jurassic to mid Cretaceous, however, during the mid-Cretaceous they were overtaken in diversity by the Ichneumonoidea, and since the end of the Cretaceous have a relatively scant fossil record.

Gasteruptiidae
The Gasteruptiidae are one of the more distinctive families among the apocritan wasps, with surprisingly little variation in appearance for a group that contains around 500 species in two subfamilies (Gasteruptiinae and Hyptiogastrinae) and with six genera worldwide. They are members of Evanioidea.
Kawanishi H8K
The Kawanishi H8K was a flying boat used by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service during World War II for maritime patrol duties. The Navy full name was "Type 2 Flying Boat" (二式飛行艇, Nishiki Hikōtei),  and was also called "Type 2 Large-sized Flying Boat" (二式大型飛行艇, Nishiki-ō-gata hikō-tei), or just "H2K flying boat" (二式大艇, Nishiki Taitei). The Allied reporting name for the type was "Emily".

The Kawanishi H8K was a large, four-engine aircraft designed for long range and extended endurance on patrols or bombing missions typically flown alone over the ocean. The prototype first flew in January 1941, and H8K1s made their first combat sortie in March 1942. The robust H8K2 flying boat was also fitted with powerful defensive armament, for which Allied pilots had substantial respect wherever this aircraft was encountered in the Pacific theater. Aircraft historian René Francillon called the H8K "the most outstanding water-based combat aircraft of the Second World War."

Maritime patrol aircraft
A maritime patrol aircraft (MPA), also known as a patrol aircraft, maritime reconnaissance aircraft, maritime surveillance aircraft, or by the older American term patrol bomber, is a fixed-wing aircraft designed to operate for long durations over water in maritime patrol roles — in particular anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-ship warfare (AShW), and search and rescue (SAR).

In addition to dedicated airframes, mid-size and large business jets have been modified for MPA missions, offering rapid deployment, extended range, long endurance, and lower life-cycle costs.

Among other maritime surveillance resources, such as satellites, ships, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and helicopters, the MPA is an important asset. To perform ASW operations, MPAs typically carry air-deployable sonar buoys as well as torpedoes and are usually capable of extended flight at low altitudes.
Polygenism
Polygenism is a theory of human origins which posits the view that humans are of different origins (polygenesis). This view is opposite to the idea of monogenism, which posits a single origin of humanity. Modern scientific views find little merit in any polygenic model due to an increased understanding of speciation in a human context, with the monogenic "Out of Africa" hypothesis and its variants being the most widely accepted models for human origins. Polygenism has historically been heavily used in service of white supremacist ideas and practices, denying a common origin between European and non-European peoples. It can be distinguished between Biblical polygenism, describing a Pre-Adamite or Co-Adamite origin of certain races in the context of the Genesis narrative of Adam and Eve, and scientific polygenism, attempting to find a taxonomic basis for ideas of racial science.

Pre-Adamite
The pre-Adamite hypothesis or pre-Adamism is the theological belief that humans (or intelligent yet non-human creatures) existed before the biblical character Adam. Pre-Adamism is therefore distinct from the conventional Abrahamic belief that Adam was the first human. "Pre-Adamite" is used as a term, both for those humans (or human-like animals) believed to exist before Adam, and for believers or proponents of this hypothesis.