hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Delta encoding
Delta encoding is a way of storing or transmitting data in the form of differences (deltas) between sequential data rather than complete files; more generally this is known as data differencing. Delta encoding is sometimes called delta compression, particularly where archival histories of changes are required (e.g., in revision control software).

The differences are recorded in discrete files called "deltas" or "diffs". In situations where differences are small – for example, the change of a few words in a large document or the change of a few records in a large table – delta encoding greatly reduces data redundancy. Collections of unique deltas are substantially more space-efficient than their non-encoded equivalents.

From a logical point of view, the difference between two data values is the information required to obtain one value from the other – see relative entropy. The difference between identical values (under some equivalence) is often called 0 or the neutral element.

Data differencing
In computer science and information theory, data differencing or differential compression is producing a technical description of the difference between two sets of data – a source and a target. Formally, a data differencing algorithm takes as input source data and target data, and produces difference data such that given the source data and the difference data, one can reconstruct the target data ("patching" the source with the difference to produce the target).
Aled Roberts
Aled Rhys Roberts (17 May 1962 – 13 February 2022) was a Welsh Liberal Democrat politician from Rhosllanerchrugog, Wrexham. Roberts was a  Member of the Welsh Assembly (AM) for the North Wales Region from 2011 to 2016. Before his election to the assembly, he was a councillor and the leader of Wrexham County Borough Council. He served as the Welsh Language Commissioner from 2019 until his death in 2022.

Welsh Language Commissioner
The Welsh Language Commissioner (Welsh: Comisiynydd y Gymraeg) is a Welsh Government officer, overseeing an independent advisory body of the same name. The position was created following the passing of the Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011, effective on 1 April 2012, replacing the Welsh Language Board, with the aim of promoting and facilitating the use of the Welsh language. This entails raising awareness of the official status of the Welsh language in Wales and by imposing standards on organisations. This, in turn, will lead to the establishment of rights for Welsh speakers.

According to the commissioner's website, there are two principles that underpin the work of the commissioner, namely:

Welsh should not be treated less favourably than the English language in Wales

People should be able to live their lives in Wales through the medium of Welsh if they so wish.

The commissioner's work is politically independent, and the position of a commissioner lasts seven years.
AFC Dacia Unirea Brăila
Asociația Fotbal Club 1919 Dacia Unirea Brăila, commonly known as Dacia Unirea Brăila, is a Romanian football club based in the city of Brăila, Brăila County, which competes in the Liga III.

Founded in 1919, among the team's best performances are a sixth-place top division finish in the 1991–92 season and having reached a Cupa României final the following campaign.

The players of Dacia Unirea are nicknamed "the White and Blues" or "the Lions of Cosmoc" (Leii lui Cosmoc), and their home games have been hosted by the Stadionul Municipal since 1974. The club's most notable rivalry is the one against Oțelul Galați.

Brăila Municipal Stadium
The Brăila Municipal Stadium (Romanian: Stadionul Municipal) is a multi-purpose stadium in Brăila, Romania, and is the home ground of Dacia Unirea Brăila. It holds 20,154 people.

The stadium was opened on August 21, 1974 and was built on the ground of the old Vasile Roaită Stadium, a small stadium that had only one stand. Over time the stadium was renovated, the most recent were made in the summer of 2008, ending up with the mounting of 8,000 seats on the 1st and 2nd stand, decreasing its capacity from 25,000 to 20,000 also in 2012 the seats from Main Stand were changed in the club colors white and blue.

It holds motorcycle speedway events like the Speedway European Championship   (qualifying round 3).
Countess Claudine Rhédey de Kis-Rhéde
Countess Claudine Susanna Rhédey de Kis-Rhéde (Hungarian: Gróf kisrédei Rhédey Klaudina Zsuzsanna; 21 September 1812 – 1 October 1841) was the Hungarian wife of Duke Alexander of Württemberg. Her son, Francis, Duke of Teck, was the father of Mary of Teck, queen consort to George V of the United Kingdom. The current British monarch, Charles III, is Claudine's great-great-great-grandson.

Francis, Duke of Teck
Francis, Duke of Teck (Francis Paul Charles Louis Alexander; 28 August 1837 – 21 January 1900), known as Count Francis von Hohenstein until 1863, was an Austrian-born nobleman who married into the British royal family. His wife, Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, was a first cousin of Queen Victoria. He was the father of Queen Mary, the consort of King George V, and thus maternal grandfather of both Edward VIII and George VI. Francis held the Austrian title of Count of Hohenstein (Graf von Hohenstein), and the German titles of Prince (Fürst) and later Duke of Teck (Herzog von Teck), and was given the style of Serene Highness in 1863. He was granted the British style of Highness in 1887.
Cantharis
Cantharis is a large genus of soldier beetles in the family Cantharidae. They are a carnivorous genus with narrow and soft elytra. They live in meadows.

The poisonous Spanish fly is superficially similar and is associated with the scientific name Cantharis vesicatoria. It is also sometimes called "cantharis" in the vernacular, but it is actually unrelated to Cantharis and is not a member of the Cantharidae at all. It was classified there erroneously until Johan Christian Fabricius corrected its name in his Systema entomologiae in 1775. He reclassified the Spanish fly in the new genus Lytta as Lytta vesicatoria. It belongs to the family Meloidae.

Soldier beetle
The soldier beetles (Cantharidae) are relatively soft-bodied, straight-sided beetles. They are cosmopolitan in distribution. One of the first described species has a color pattern reminiscent of the red coats of early British soldiers, hence the common name. They are also known commonly as leatherwings because of their soft elytra.

Historically, these beetles were placed in a superfamily "Cantharoidea", which has been subsumed by the superfamily Elateroidea; the name is still sometimes used as a rankless grouping, including the families Cantharidae, Lampyridae, Lycidae, Omethidae (which includes Telegeusidae), Phengodidae, and Rhagophthalmidae.

Soldier beetles often feed on nectar and pollen as well as predating other small insects. The larvae are caterpillar like, dark colored, active and covered in fine hairs, earning them the name velvet worms. They feed on the ground and in foliage hunting eggs, small insects, snails and other small creatures.
Vikram Gokhale
Vikram Gokhale (14 November 1945 – 26 November 2022) was an Indian film, television and stage actor, noted for his roles in Marathi theatre, Hindi films and television. He was the son of the Veteran Marathi theatre and film actor, Chandrakant Gokhale.

Gokhale made his directorial debut in 2010, with the Marathi film Aaghaat. Produced by Sprint Arts Creation in 2013, he won the National Film Award for Best Actor category for his Marathi film Anumati. He also received Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Marathi for his film Bhingri.

Chandrakant Gokhale
Chandrakant Raghunath Gokhale (7 January 1921 – 20 June 2008) was a well-known veteran Marathi film and stage actor and singer.

Gokhale's mother, Kamlabai Gokhale (nee Kamlabai Kamat) was the first female child actor of the Indian cinema. Gokhale has acted in several superhit marathi films such as "Dhakti Jau" and many more. His son Vikram Gokhale was also involved with Marathi theatre and the Indian cinema.
Malabar Express
The Malabar Express is a daily night express train service in India, named after the Malabar Coast, the south-western coastal region of India that runs from Mangalore Central (MAQ) and Thiruvananthapuram Central (TVC) in the capital of the State of Kerala. As the name suggests, it connects the two ends of the Malabar region (the Southern and the Northern). This train has one of the longest running time between Mangaluru Central and Thiruvananthapuram Central and it is the slowest train among all other trains from Mangaluru Central to Thiruvananthapuram Central and vice versa.

Mangalore Central railway station
Mangalore Central railway station (officially Mangaluru Central railway station)(station code: MAQ) is an NSG–2 category Indian railway station in Palakkad railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is the main railway terminus in the city of Mangalore, Karnataka and provides connectivity for Konkan Railway and South Western Railway. It is one of the five central railway stations of India.
Elm Park (horse)
Elm Park (foaled 23 January 2012) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse. As a two-year-old he became regarded as a leading contender for the 2015 British Classic Races after wins in the Royal Lodge Stakes and the Racing Post Trophy. In 2015 he finished third to Golden Horn and Jack Hobbs in the Dante Stakes but finished unplaced in The Derby. He later won the listed Fortune Stakes.

Jack Hobbs (horse)
Jack Hobbs (foaled 2 March 2012) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse. After winning his only race as a juvenile, he established himself as a potentially top-class colt with a twelve length win in a race at Sandown on his three-year-old debut. He finished second to his stable companion Golden Horn in both the Dante Stakes and The Derby before winning the Irish Derby by five lengths. He ran twice more in 2015, winning the September Stakes before being beaten when favourite for the Champion Stakes. His 2016 season was badly disrupted by injury and he ran only twice, failing to complete his first start and being beaten on his eventual reappearance. However, he rebounded in 2017 by winning the Sheema Classic at Meydan Racecourse on Dubai World Cup Night.
Loftus, North Yorkshire
Loftus is a market town and civil parish in the Redcar and Cleveland borough of North Yorkshire, England. The town is located north of the North York Moors and sits between Whitby and Skelton-in-Cleveland. The parish includes the villages of Carlin How, Easington, Liverton, Liverton Mines and Skinningrove. It is near Brotton and Saltburn.

The town was formerly known as Lofthouse.

Liverton
Liverton is a village in the civil parish of Loftus, in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England.

Liverton Village is named in Domesday Book and was previously named Liureton, it is a rural village that has by and large retained its heritage as a farming community and in 1978 became protected by a conservation order. In 2011 an Area Appraisal was performed.

The village is surrounded by a field system with Station Road B1366 running through the middle. The village can date its roots back to the 12th century, with evidence of this seen from the font, arch and doorway of St Michael's Church. There is further evidence of a medieval settlement in area.

It is located 140 meters above sea level and is located on the edge of the North Yorkshire Moors.
Louis Theroux: Shooting Joe Exotic
Louis Theroux: Shooting Joe Exotic is a British documentary film presented by Louis Theroux. It was released on 5 April 2021 on BBC Two. The documentary, centred on former zoo owner and convicted felon Joe Exotic, looks back at unseen footage from Theroux's previous documentary that featured Exotic, America's Most Dangerous Pets (2011), and also features Theroux interviewing other people associated with Exotic, including his legal team, former colleagues, his estranged brother and niece, and Howard and Carole Baskin.

Carole Baskin
Carole Ann Baskin (née Stairs; born June 6, 1961) is the CEO of Big Cat Rescue, a non-profit animal sanctuary. She has attracted the attention of local, national and international media outlets to the plight of captive big cats.

Baskin drew public attention when she was featured in the 2020 Netflix true crime documentary series Tiger King, which follows Baskin's escalating feud with Oklahoma-based private zoo owner Joe Exotic. Following the release of the series, many suspected Baskin was involved in the disappearance of Don Lewis, her second husband. Baskin denied these claims in a post on Big Cat Rescue's website. Her catchphrase, "Hey all you cool cats and kittens!", also became a meme as a result of Tiger King.

Baskin is also well known for her appearance on Dancing with the Stars, featuring her dancing to a cover of the song "Eye of the Tiger". She and her husband Howard also appeared in the 2021 Louis Theroux documentary Shooting Joe Exotic.
Lao National Radio
Lao National Radio (officially abbreviated as LNR, Lao: ວິທະຍຸກະຈາຍສຽງແຫ່ງຊາດລາວ, romanized: Vithanyu Kachaysiang Aehngsadlav) is the national radio station for the country of Laos. It was founded on 13 August 1960 and became a national broadcaster in 1975.

Between 1983 and 1993, Lao National Radio was administered jointly with Lao National Television.

Lao National Television
Lao National Television (officially abbreviated as TNL LNTV, Lao: ໂທລະພາບແຫ່ງຊາດລາວ (ສທລ) (ທຊລ), romanized: Tholaphap Haeng Xat Lao) is the national television station of the country of Laos. It is divided into 2 television channels, LNTV1 and LNTV3. The network's logo is based on the national symbol – Pha That Luang. LNTV has broadcast in English, French, Khmu and Lao languages.
Southern Qi
Qi, known in historiography as the Southern Qi (traditional Chinese: 南齊; simplified Chinese: 南齐; pinyin: Nán Qí or 南朝齊; 南朝齐; Nán Cháo Qí) or Xiao Qi (蕭齊; 萧齐; Xiāo Qí), was a Chinese imperial dynasty and the second of the four Southern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties era. It followed the Liu Song dynasty and was succeeded by the Liang dynasty. The main polity to its north was the Northern Wei.

Liang dynasty
The Liang dynasty (Chinese: 梁朝; pinyin: Liáng Cháo), alternatively known as the Southern Liang (Chinese: 南梁; pinyin: Nán Liáng) or Xiao Liang (Chinese: 蕭梁; pinyin: Xiāo Liáng) in historiography, was an imperial dynasty of China and the third of the four Southern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties period. It was preceded by the Southern Qi dynasty and succeeded by the Chen dynasty. The rump state of Western Liang existed until it was conquered in 587 AD by the Sui dynasty.
John Jay McKelvey Sr.
John Jay McKelvey (May 24, 1863 – October 19, 1947) was an American author, attorney, and preservationist who set precedents in establishing the Harvard Law Review and in framing case law to craft the environs of his Spuyten Duyvil community, New York.

Spuyten Duyvil, Bronx
Spuyten Duyvil (/ˈspaɪtən ˈdaɪvəl/, SPY-tən-DIE-vəl) is a neighborhood of the Bronx, New York City. It is bounded on the north by Riverdale, on the east by Kingsbridge, on the south by the Harlem River, and on the west by the Hudson River. Some consider it to be the southernmost part of Riverdale.
Hartsville, South Carolina
Hartsville is the largest city in Darlington County, South Carolina, United States. It was chartered on December 11, 1891. As of the 2020 census, Hartsville had a population of 7,446. Hartsville was chosen as an All-America City in 1996 and again in 2016.  Hartsville has also been a National Arbor Day Foundation Tree City since 1986.

Hartsville is home of Coker University and a branch of Florence–Darlington Technical College. It is also the home of the South Carolina Governor's School for Science and Mathematics, a public boarding high school.

The city is served by the Hartsville Regional Airport.

Hartsville is home to several major corporations including Sonoco Products Company, Duke Energy's H. B. Robinson Nuclear Generating Station, Novolex, and Stingray Boats.

Sonoco
Sonoco Products Company is an American provider of diversified consumer packaging, industrial products, protective packaging, and packaging supply chain services and the world's largest producer of composite cans, tubes, and cores. The company was founded in 1889 as Southern Novelty Company with annualized net sales of approximately $7.3 billion. Sonoco has 19,900 employees in more than 335 operations in 33 countries, serving more than 85 nations.  The company is headquartered in Hartsville, South Carolina, and is South Carolina's largest corporation in terms of sales.

Sonoco is a member of the New York Stock Exchange Century Index and the S&P 400.
Guadalupe, Colorado
Guadalupe is an unincorporated community in Conejos County, in the U.S. state of Colorado.

The community, which is centered on a grassy plaza, is located on the north bank of the Conejos River, just north of Conejos, Colorado, along Conejos County Road 13.

Conejos, Colorado
Conejos (Spanish for "rabbits") is an unincorporated town, a post office, a census-designated place (CDP), and the county seat of Conejos County, Colorado, United States. The Conejos post office has the ZIP Code 81129. At the United States Census 2020, the population of the Conejos CDP was 46. Conejos is the last unincorporated county seat in the State of Colorado.
Plus Magazine
Plus Magazine is an online popular mathematics magazine run under the Millennium Mathematics Project at the University of Cambridge.

Plus contains:

feature articles on all aspects of mathematics;

reviews of popular maths books and events;

a news section;

mathematical puzzles and games;

interviews with people in maths related careers;

Plus Podcast – Maths on the Move

Millennium Mathematics Project
The Millennium Mathematics Project (MMP) was set up within the University of Cambridge in England as a joint project between the Faculties of Mathematics and Education in 1999. The MMP aims to support maths education for pupils of all abilities from ages 5 to 19 and promote the development of mathematical skills and understanding, particularly through enrichment and extension activities beyond the school curriculum, and to enhance the mathematical understanding of the general public. The project was directed by John Barrow from 1999 until September 2020.
Telebrás
Telebras is a Brazilian telecommunications company which was the state-owned monopoly telephone system. It was broken up in July 1998 into twelve separate companies, nicknamed the 'Baby Bras' companies, that were auctioned to private bidders. The new companies were the long distance operator Embratel, three fixed line regional telephony companies and eight cellular companies. It was re-established in 2010 according to Decree No. 7.175 that established the National Broadband Plan (PNBL), when then-President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva tasked it with managing a nationwide plan to expand broadband Internet access. Telebras implements the private communication network of the federal public administration, public policy support and supports broadband, besides providing infrastructure and support networks to telecommunications services provided by private companies, states, Federal District, municipalities and nonprofits.

Embratel
Embratel  is a major Brazilian telecommunications company headquartered in Rio de Janeiro. The company was the long distance arm of Telebras until it was bought by the U.S. company MCI Communications for 2.65 billion reais during the 1998 break-up of Telebras. However, MCI Communications went bankrupt in 2003. Since 2003, it is owned by América Móvil, the Mexican telecommunications giant.

Embratel is a major player in both voice and data communication in Brazil. The company owns a fully digitized microwave communications and fiber optic networks as well as eight domestic communication satellites. The company is a member of the Intelsat and Inmarsat organizations and it owns four fiber optics submarine cable systems - UNISUR, Americas II, Atlantis-2 and Columbus III.

In 2013, Embratel started to sponsor the tennisman Thomaz Bellucci.

Embratel's stock was traded on BM&F Bovespa.
Nesomyidae
The Nesomyidae are a family of African rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea.  It includes several subfamilies, all of which are native to either continental Africa or to Madagascar. Included in this family are Malagasy rodents, climbing mice, African rock mice, swamp mice, pouched rats, and the white-tailed rat.

Delany's mouse
Delany's mouse or Delany's swamp mouse (Delanymys brooksi) is a species of rodent in the family Nesomyidae.  It is the only species in the genus Delanymys and the only extant member of subfamily Delanymyinae, which also contains the fossil genus Stenodontomys. It was previously placed in subfamily Petromyscinae, but it is apparently not closely related to Petromyscus. It is found in Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland and swamps. It is threatened by habitat loss.
American Beauty (soundtrack)
American Beauty: Music from the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is a soundtrack album featuring various artists for the 1999 American drama film American Beauty, released on October 5, 1999, by DreamWorks Records. It features two tracks from the film's original score, composed and arranged by Thomas Newman, which was released in 2000 entitled American Beauty: Original Motion Picture Score.

American Beauty (score)
American Beauty: Original Motion Picture Score is the recording of the original score for the 1999 film, composed and arranged by Thomas Newman. The original music accompanied 11 songs by other artists.
Scheffel bogie
A Scheffel bogie is a flexible, high-stability radial bogie designed to reduce lateral force vibrations and accommodate turning on narrow gauge tracks at high speed. It first went into service in a fleet of South African Railway (SAR) ore wagons in 1975. It is named after its inventor, Dr. Herbert Scheffel, who designed the Scheffel bogie to facilitate the development of South Africa's 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) narrow-gauge railway system. The Scheffel bogie was used to set the world narrow gauge speed record of 245 kilometres per hour (152 mph) on Cape gauge tracks.

Bogie
A bogie (/ˈboʊɡi/ BOH-ghee) (or truck in North American English) comprises two or more wheelsets (two wheels on an axle), in a frame, attached under a vehicle by a pivot. Bogies take various forms in various modes of transport. A bogie may remain normally attached (as on many railroad cars and semi-trailers) or be quickly detachable (as for a dolly in a road train or in railway bogie exchange). It may include suspension components within it (as most rail and trucking bogies do), or be solid and in turn be suspended (as are most bogies of tracked vehicles). It may be mounted on a swivel, as traditionally on a railway carriage or locomotive, additionally jointed and sprung (as in the landing gear of an airliner), or held in place by other means (centreless bogies).

Although bogie is the preferred spelling and first-listed variant in various dictionaries, bogey and bogy are also used.