hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Haliburton County
Haliburton is a county of Ontario, Canada, known as a tourist and cottage area in Central Ontario for its scenery and for its resident artists. Minden Hills is the county seat. Haliburton County and the village of Haliburton are named after Thomas Chandler Haliburton, author, statesman, and the first chairman of the Canadian Land and Emigration Company.

The county borders Algonquin Provincial Park on the north.

Minden Hills
Minden Hills is a township in and the county seat of Haliburton County, Ontario, Canada. It is an amalgam of the townships of Snowdon, Lutterworth, Anson, Hindon and Minden. It is usually referred to as Minden, after its largest community.

The township was formed on January 1, 2001, through the merger of the Township of Anson, Hindon and Minden, the Township of Lutterworth, and the Township of Snowdon.
Cashew
Cashew is the common name of a tropical evergreen tree Anacardium occidentale, in the family Anacardiaceae. It is the source of the cashew nut (often simply called a 'cashew') and the cashew apple. The tree can grow as tall as 14 meters (46 feet).

The species is native to South America. The dwarf cultivars, growing up to 6 m (20 ft), are the most profitable, maturing sooner and producing greater yields. In 2023, 3.9 million tons of cashew nuts were harvested globally, led by the Ivory Coast and India.

The nut is edible and is eaten on its own as a snack, used in recipes, or processed into cashew cheese or cashew butter. The cashew apple, an accessory fruit, is a light reddish to yellow fruit, the pulp and juice of which can be processed into a sweet, astringent fruit drink or fermented and distilled into liquor. Additionally, derivatives from the shell are used in products such as varnishes, lubricant, and paints.

Astringent
An astringent (sometimes called adstringent) is a chemical that shrinks or constricts body tissues. The word derives from the Latin adstringere, which means "to bind fast". Astringency, the dry, puckering or numbing mouthfeel caused by the tannins in unripe fruits, lets the fruit mature by deterring eating. Tannins, being a kind of polyphenol, bind salivary proteins and make them precipitate and aggregate, producing a rough, "sandpapery", or dry sensation in the mouth.

Smoking tobacco is also reported to have an astringent effect.

In a scientific study, astringency was still detectable by subjects who had local anesthesia applied to their taste nerves, but not when both these and the trigeminal nerves were disabled.
Ulvhild Håkansdotter
Ulvhild Håkansdotter (Swedish: Ulfhild; c. 1095 – c. 1148) was twice Queen of Sweden (c. 1117–25 and c. 1134–48) and once Queen of Denmark (c. 1130–34) through her successive marriages to Inge II of Sweden, Niels of Denmark, and Sverker I of Sweden. Ulvhild had an important role in the Nordic dynastic connections of her time, but the sources are insufficient on detailed circumstances. She is mentioned as a femme fatale of medieval Scandinavia, as well as a benefactor of the Catholic Church.

Sverker the Elder
Sverker the Elder (Old Swedish: Swærkir konongær gambli; c. 1100 – 25 December 1156), also known as Sverker I, was King of Sweden from about 1132 until his murder. Of non-royal descent, he founded the House of Sverker, the rulers of which alternated with the rival House of Erik over the next century.
Trudering
Trudering (Central Bavarian: Trudaring) is one of two quarters (German: Stadtteile) forming the Trudering-Riem borough of Munich, the other one being Riem. It is primarily residential, offering access to U-Bahn and S-Bahn services at the München Trudering railway station. The main traffic artery B304 (Wasserburger Landstraße) connects the quarter with the city centre and Wasserburg am Inn.

Out of the eight sub-districts of the greater Trudering-Riem borough (German: Stadtbezirk), Trudering consists of six sub-divisions: Am Moosfeld, Gartenstadt Trudering, Kirchtrudering, Neutrudering, Straßtrudering, and Waldtrudering. The other quarter, Riem, contains the Messestadt Riem and Riem sub-districts.

Trudering-Riem
Trudering-Riem (German pronunciation: [ˈtʁuːdəʁɪŋ ˈʁiːm]; Central Bavarian: Trudaring-Ream) is the 15th borough (German: Stadtbezirk) of Munich, Bavaria. It consists of the two quarters (German: Stadtteile) Trudering and Riem. The borough is the location of Munich's former airport, Riem Airport.
Hare and Billet
The Hare and Billet is a public house located in Blackheath, London, overlooking parts of Greenwich Park. In the 18th century, the Hare and Billet was a coaching inn. The pub received media coverage in 2014 after a south London MP made a speech in the House of Commons claiming a condiment they served was a "parasitic copy" of another brand of Worcester Sauce, leading to a backlash that was nicknamed "Hendogate". It is owned by the Metropolitan Pub Company.

Jim Dowd (politician)
James Patrick Dowd (born 5 March 1951) is a former British Labour Party politician, who was a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1992 to 2017, first for Lewisham West and following 2010 for Lewisham West and Penge. He stood down at the 2017 general election, following the announcement of Prime Minister Theresa May's snap election in June 2017.
Antonio Bagioli
Giuseppe Antonio Bagioli (or just Antonio Bagioli) (1795–1871) of Bologna, Italy and New York City, New York was a successful composer, music teacher and author. He was musical director by 1832 of the Italian opera company of Giacomo Montresor, a French tenor. It was one of the first opera companies to perform in New York City, and he decided to stay and work there. He married an American woman, Maria Cooke, in New York. He composed numerous works and was highly regarded as a teacher of voice.

Their daughter Teresa married Dan Sickles, a New York politician more than twice her age. He was later elected to Congress. They were central figures in a notorious murder trial after Sickles killed Teresa's lover in 1859 on the street in Washington, DC.

The composer was sometimes confused with Antonio Bagioli (1783–1855) (son of Luigi), a cousin.

Teresa Bagioli Sickles
Teresa Bagioli Sickles (1836 – February 5, 1867) was the wife of Democratic New York State Assemblyman, U.S. Representative, and later U.S. Army Major General Daniel E. Sickles. She gained notoriety in 1859, when her husband murdered her lover, Philip Barton Key II, son of Francis Scott Key. In the historic murder trial, Sickles successfully employed a temporary insanity defense for the first time in United States jurisprudence, and was acquitted. Teresa was publicly shamed following her infidelity. She died of tuberculosis at 31, with one daughter.
Max Ringelmann
Maximilien Ringelmann (10 December 1861, Paris – 2 May 1931, Paris): 55   was a French professor of agricultural engineering and agronomic engineer  who was involved in the scientific testing and development of agricultural machinery.

Ringelmann's interests were wide-ranging: he developed the Ringelmann scale which is still used to measure smoke. 
He also discovered the Ringelmann effect in social psychology, viz, that when working in groups, individuals slacken.

Ringelmann effect
The Ringelmann effect is the tendency for individual members of a group to become increasingly less productive as the size of their group increases. This effect, discovered by French agricultural engineer Maximilien Ringelmann (1861–1931), illustrates the inverse relationship that exists between the size of a group and the magnitude of group members’ individual contribution to the completion of a task.

While studying the relationship between process loss (i.e., reductions in performance effectiveness or efficiency) and group productivity, Ringelmann (1913) found that having group members work together on a task (e.g., pulling a rope) actually results in significantly less effort than when individual members are acting alone. Ringelmann discovered that as more and more people are added to a group, the group often becomes increasingly inefficient, ultimately violating the notion that group effort and team participation reliably leads to increased effort on behalf of the members.
Anna Quon
Anna Quon is a Canadian poet and novelist from Nova Scotia, currently serving as the Poet Laureate of Halifax since 2024. She is the author of three novels, the first of which was released in 2009. She wrote and produced the film Me & My Teeth in 2022, with financial support from the Lunenburg Doc Fest.

Poet Laureate of Halifax, Nova Scotia
The Poet Laureate of Halifax, Nova Scotia is a poet laureate position appointed by the municipal government of the Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. The position was first created in 2001, and has been held by nine poets as of 2024.
David Yazbek
David Norman Yazbek (born 1961) is an American writer, musician, composer, and lyricist. He wrote the music and lyrics for the Broadway musicals The Full Monty (2000), Dirty Rotten Scoundrels (2004), Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown (2010), The Band's Visit (2017), Tootsie (2019), and Dead Outlaw (2025). He won a Tony Award and a Grammy Award for The Band's Visit. He also consulted on the musical Buena Vista Social Club, for which he won another Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album.

The Full Monty (musical)
The Full Monty is a musical with book by Terrence McNally and score by David Yazbek.

In this Americanized musical stage version adapted from the 1997 British film of the same name, six unemployed Buffalo steelworkers, low on both cash and prospects, decide to present a strip act at a local club after seeing their wives' enthusiasm for a touring company of Chippendales. As they prepare for the show, working through their fears, self-consciousness, and anxieties, they overcome their inner demons and find strength in their camaraderie.
Garrett Nussmeier
Garrett Nussmeier (born February 7, 2002) is an American college football quarterback for the LSU Tigers. He is the son of former NFL player and current offensive coordinator of the Saints Doug Nussmeier.

LSU Tigers football
The LSU Tigers football program, also known as the Fighting Tigers, represents Louisiana State University in college football. The Tigers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC).

LSU ranks 16th best in winning percentage in NCAA Division I FBS history and claims four national championships (1958, 2003, 2007, and 2019), 16 conference championships, and over 40 consensus All-Americans. Three players for the Tigers have won the Heisman Trophy: Billy Cannon (1959), Joe Burrow (2019), and Jayden Daniels (2023).

The team plays on the university's campus at Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The program's current head coach is Lane Kiffin.
Beatriz Flores Silva
Beatriz Flores Silva (born November 7, 1956) is an Uruguayan-Belgian film director, film producer, screenwriter and teacher. Her films include The Seven Deadly Sins (1990), The Almost True Story of Pepita the Gunslinger (1992), In This Tricky Life (2001), and Masangeles (2008).

In This Tricky Life
In This Tricky Life (Spanish: En la puta vida) is a 2001 comedy-drama film co-written, co-produced and directed by Beatriz Flores Silva. It was Uruguay's submission to the 74th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film was awarded the 'Golden Columbus' at the Huelva Ibero-American Film Festival. An international co-production among companies from Uruguay, Belgium, Spain and Cuba, the film was produced by BFS Producciones, Saga Film, Avalon Productions and ICAIC.

It is based on the novel El huevo de la serpiente by journalist María Urruzola, whose investigations exposed an Uruguayan sex trafficking network in 1992.
Dendrite International, Inc. v. Doe No. 3
Dendrite International, Inc. v. Doe No. 3, 342 N.J. Super. 134, 775 A.2d 756 (App. Div. 2001), is a New Jersey Superior Court case in which Dendrite International, Inc., a purveyor of computer software used in the pharmaceutical industry, brought a John Doe lawsuit against individuals who had anonymously posted criticisms of the company on a Yahoo message board. When Presiding Chancery Judge Kenneth MacKenzie rejected one of Dendrite's requests to compel Yahoo to reveal the identity of an anonymous defendant, Dendrite appealed. The appellate court upheld the district court's decision, and in doing so, created a set of guidelines for determining the circumstances under which an anonymous online speaker may be unmasked.  This standard has since been applied to other cases, such as Mobilisa, Inc. v. Doe, Gallucci v. New Jersey On-Line LLC, Independent Newspapers v. Brodie, and The Mortgage Specialists, Inc. v. Implode-Explode Heavy Industries, Inc.

Doe subpoena
A Doe subpoena is a subpoena that seeks the identity of an unknown defendant to a lawsuit.  Most jurisdictions permit a plaintiff who does not yet know a defendant's identity to file suit against a placeholder defendant, using the name John Doe or Jane Doe.  A plaintiff may then use the tools of the discovery process to seek the defendant's true name and amend the complaint to name the Doe defendant. A Doe subpoena is often served on an online service provider or ISP for the purpose of identifying the author of an anonymous post.
Karamon
The kara-mon or kara-kado (唐門) is a type of gate seen in Japanese architecture.  It is characterized by the usage of kara-hafu, an undulating bargeboard peculiar to Japan.  Kara-mon are often used at the entrances of Japanese castles, Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines, and have historically been a symbol of authority.

Buddhist temples in Japan
Buddhist temples or monasteries are (along with Shinto shrines) the most numerous, famous, and important religious buildings in Japan. The shogunates or leaders of Japan have made it a priority to update and rebuild Buddhist temples since the Momoyama period (late 16th century). The Japanese word for a Buddhist monastery is tera (寺) (kun reading), and the same kanji also has the pronunciation ji (on reading), so temple names frequently end in -dera (voiced) or -ji. Another ending, -in (院), is normally used to refer to minor temples. Examples of temple names that have these suffixes are Kiyomizu-dera, Enryaku-ji and Kōtoku-in.
To the Moon and Back (Savage Garden song)
"To the Moon and Back" is a song by Australian pop duo Savage Garden, released in Australia on 4 November 1996 as the second single from their self-titled 1997 album. It was the follow-up to their first hit "I Want You" and won the 1997 ARIA Music Award for Song of the Year. The song became the band's first number-one single in their native country, reached number three on the UK Singles Chart, and peaked at number 24 on the US Billboard Hot 100.

Savage Garden (Savage Garden album)
Savage Garden is the debut studio album by Australian pop duo Savage Garden, released on 24 March 1997 in Australia by Columbia Records and Roadshow Music. The album won the award for Highest Selling Album at the 12th Annual ARIA Music Awards, selling more than 12 million copies worldwide, according to Billboard magazine. In September 1997, Savage Garden won a record ten ARIA Awards from 13 nominations for the album and associated singles. As of 2005, Savage Garden had been certified diamond in Canada, 12× platinum in Australia, 7× platinum in the US, 2× platinum in New Zealand, Singapore, and in the UK.
Lloyd M. Mustin
Lloyd Montague Mustin (July 30, 1911 – January 21, 1999) was a vice admiral in the United States Navy and among the namesakes of USS Mustin (DDG-89). He took part in developing the Navy's first lead-computing anti-aircraft gun sight, which proved of major importance in the air-sea actions of World War II, and he served on the cruiser USS Atlanta during the naval battle of Guadalcanal. His ship was lost during that action, and with other survivors he landed on Guadalcanal and served ashore with a naval unit attached to the First Marine Division. His postwar service included commands at sea and development and evaluation of weapon systems. He later served as director of operations for the Joint Chiefs of Staff during the Vietnam War.

USS Mustin (DDG-89)
USS Mustin (DDG-89) is an Arleigh Burke-class (Flight IIA) Aegis guided missile destroyer in the United States Navy. She is named in honor of the Mustin family who have devoted over a century to US Naval service. Mustin was the 18th ship of this class to be built at Ingalls Shipbuilding in Pascagoula, Mississippi, and construction began on 15 January 2001. She was launched on 12 December 2001 and was christened on 15 December 2001. On 26 July 2003, a twilight commissioning ceremony was held at the Naval Air Station North Island in San Diego, California.
Vicinal difunctionalization
Vicinal difunctionalization refers to a chemical reaction involving transformations at two adjacent centers (most commonly carbons). This transformation can be accomplished in α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds via the conjugate addition of a nucleophile to the β-position followed by trapping of the resulting enolate with an electrophile at the α-position. When the nucleophile is an enolate and the electrophile a proton, the reaction is called Michael addition.

Nucleophilic conjugate addition
Nucleophilic conjugate addition is a type of organic reaction. Ordinary nucleophilic additions or 1,2-nucleophilic additions deal mostly with additions to carbonyl compounds. Simple alkene compounds do not show 1,2 reactivity due to lack of polarity, unless the alkene is activated with special substituents. With α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as cyclohexenone it can be deduced from resonance structures that the β position is an electrophilic site which can react with a nucleophile. The negative charge in these structures is stored as an alkoxide anion. Such a nucleophilic addition is called a nucleophilic conjugate addition or 1,4-nucleophilic addition. The most important active alkenes are the aforementioned conjugated carbonyls and acrylonitriles.
Volumes (band)
Volumes (sometimes stylized as VOLUMES) is an American progressive metalcore band formed in Los Angeles, California in 2009. The group currently consists of bassist Raad Soudani, vocalist Michael Barr, vocalist Myke Terry, and drummer Nick Ursich. Throughout the band's history, bassist Raad Soudani has remained the only constant member. They are currently signed to Fearless Records and have released five studio albums: Via (2011), No Sleep (2014), Different Animals (2017), Happier? (2021), and Mirror Touch (2025). They have also released three EPs: The Concept of Dreaming (2010), Coming Clean (2019) and Bend(ed) (2022).

Born of Osiris
Born of Osiris is an American progressive metalcore band formed in 2003 in Palatine, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. The band currently consists of drummer and sole remaining founding member Cameron Losch, lead vocalist Ronnie Canizaro, guitarist, keyboardist and former bassist Nick Rossi, guitarist Travis Montgomery and bassist and backing vocalist Dan Marinaro. Born of Osiris has played at various festivals including the Summer Slaughter Tour (2008, 2009, 2015 and 2018) and the Music as a Weapon Tour 4.

The group underwent several name changes before finally settling on Born of Osiris in 2007, basing the name on the Egyptian deity Osiris and the tale of his son Horus.
Skouson Harker
Skouson Hicken Harker (born February 16, 1977) is a Canadian former professional basketball player of the FIBA European Leagues. Harker is from Raymond, Alberta, Canada. After five seasons as a Head Coach in the British Basketball League, Harker most recently coached the Edmonton Energy of the International Basketball League.

Raymond, Alberta
Raymond is a town in southern Alberta, Canada that is surrounded by the County of Warner No. 5. It is south of Lethbridge at the junction of Highway 52 and Highway 845. Raymond is known for its annual rodeo during the first week of July and the large population of members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Raymond is also significant for its connection to the history of the Japanese experience in Alberta. The town has a rich history in high school sports, basketball, Canadian football, School Band programs, Judo and women's rugby. Raymond was recently mentioned as one of the first communities in Alberta to become a net-zero solar-powered community, after having installed solar panels on most town buildings.
Royal Prussia
Royal Prussia (Polish: Prusy Królewskie; German: Königlich-Preußen or Preußen Königlichen Anteils, Kashubian: Królewsczé Prësë) or Polish Prussia (Polish: Prusy Polskie; German: Polnisch-Preußen) was a province of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, which was established following the Second Peace of Thorn (1466) from territory in Pomerelia and western Prussia which had been part of the State of the Teutonic Order. Royal Prussia retained its autonomy, governing itself and maintaining its own laws, customs, and rights.

In 1569, Royal Prussia was fully integrated into the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and its autonomy was largely abolished. As a result, the Royal Prussian parliament was incorporated into the Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In 1772 and 1793, after the first and second partition of Poland, the former territory of Royal Prussia was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia and subsequently re-organized into the province of West Prussia.

Prussia (region)
Prussia is a historical region in Central Europe on the south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea that ranges from the Vistula delta in the west to the end of the Curonian Spit in the east and extends inland as far as Masuria, divided between Poland (Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship), Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast) and Lithuania (Lithuania Minor). This region is often also referred to as Old Prussia.

Tacitus's Germania (98 AD) is the oldest known record of an eyewitness account on the territory and its inhabitants. Suiones, Sitones, Goths and other Germanic people had temporarily settled to the east and west of the Vistula River during the Migration Period, adjacent to the Aesti, who lived further to the east.
2014 Hockenheimring GP2 Series round
The 2014 Hockenheimring GP2 Series round was a GP2 Series motor race held on July 19 and 20, 2014 at Hockenheimring in Hockenheim, Germany. It was the fifth round of the 2014 GP2 Season. The race weekend supported the 2014 German Grand Prix.

2014 German Grand Prix
The 2014 German Grand Prix (formally known as the 2014 Formula 1 Grosser Preis Santander von Deutschland) was a Formula One motor race that took place on 20 July 2014. After being held at the Nürburgring GP-Strecke in 2013, the race returned to the Hockenheimring near Hockenheim in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, which last held the race in 2012. It was the tenth round of the 2014 Formula One season, and marked the 75th running of the German Grand Prix, and the 61st time the race has been run as a round of the Formula One World Championship. The race was won by local driver Nico Rosberg who started from pole. The event was noted for a poor fan turnout.