hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pósa's theorem
Pósa's theorem, in graph theory, is a sufficient condition for the existence of a Hamiltonian cycle based on the degrees of the vertices in an undirected graph. It implies two other degree-based sufficient conditions, Dirac's theorem on Hamiltonian cycles and Ore's theorem. Unlike those conditions, it can be applied to graphs with a small number of low-degree vertices. It is named after Lajos Pósa, a protégé of Paul Erdős born in 1947, who discovered this theorem in 1962.

The Pósa condition for a finite undirected graph  having  vertices requires that, if the degrees of the  vertices in increasing order as

then for each index  the inequality  is satisfied.

Pósa's theorem states that if a finite undirected graph satisfies the Pósa condition, then that graph has a Hamiltonian cycle in it.

Lajos Pósa (mathematician)
Lajos Pósa (born 9 December 1947 in Budapest) is a Hungarian mathematician working in the topic of combinatorics, and one of the most prominent mathematics educators of Hungary, best known for his mathematics camps for gifted students. He is a winner of the Széchenyi Prize.
Paul Erdős's favorite "child", he discovered theorems at the age of 13. Since 2002, he has worked at the Rényi Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; earlier he was at the Eötvös Loránd University, at the Departments of Mathematical Analysis, Computer Science.
Fred Johnston (writer)
Fred Johnston (1951-2024) was an Irish poet, novelist, literary critic and musician. He was the founder and current director of the Western Writers' Centre in Galway. He co-founded the Irish Writers' Co-operative in 1974, and founded Galway's annual Cúirt International Festival of Literature in 1986.

Cúirt International Festival of Literature
The Cúirt International Festival of Literature is an annual literary festival held since 1985 in Galway in Ireland. The Irish language word cúirt (pronounced koortch) means "court".

The festival consists of a variety of events taking place over the course of a week each April with attendances and contributions from Irish and international writers. It includes readings of poetry and fiction, discussions, poetry slams, book launches, masterclasses, spoken and musical performances, multimedia events, theatre, and visual art. It was originally a poetry festival but its scope has broadened to include other forms.

The festival is sponsored by Údarás na Gaeltachta; the National University of Ireland, Galway; the Arts Council; Galway City Council; Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology; Fáilte Ireland; Foras na Gaeilge.

Charlie Byrne's Bookshop hosts the festival's pop-up bookshop in the Town Hall Theatre each year.
Muhammad Salih
Muhammad Salih (Uzbek: Muhammad Solih, born 20 December 1949) is an Uzbek political opposition leader and writer. He was the opposition candidate in the 1991 Uzbek presidential election, the first and only time an Uzbek president has faced a serious challenger in an election.

1991 Uzbek presidential election
Direct presidential elections were held for the first time in Uzbekistan on 29 December 1991. Their result was a victory for Islam Karimov of the People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan, who won with 87% of the vote. Voter turnout was reported to be 94%. The elections were held alongside an independence referendum.

The elections were the only presidential elections in Uzbekistan to date to feature a genuine opposition candidate. Every election since has been considered to feature only token opposition candidates. Karimov later ruled until his death in 2016.
Bennett Stirtz
Bennett Stirtz (born October 3, 2003) is an American college basketball player for the Iowa Hawkeyes of the Big Ten Conference. He previously played for the Northwest Missouri State Bearcats and Drake Bulldogs.

Drake Bulldogs men's basketball
The Drake Bulldogs men's basketball team represents Drake University, located in Des Moines, Iowa, in NCAA Division I basketball competition. The program is best known for making the 1969 Final Four. The Bulldogs have appeared eight times in the NCAA tournament, making their most recent appearance in 2025.
Ahmednagar district
Ahmednagar district (Marathi pronunciation: [əɦ(ə)məd̪nəɡəɾ]), officially Ahilyanagar district, is the largest district of Maharashtra state in western India. The historical city of Ahmednagar is the headquarters of the district. Ahmednagar and Sangamner are the largest cities in the district. It was the seat of the Ahmednagar Sultanate of late medieval period (1496–1636 CE). This district is known for the towns of Shirdi associated with Sai Baba, Meherabad associated with Meher Baba, Shani Shinganapur with Shanidev, and Devgad with Lord Dattatreya. Ahmednagar district is part of Nashik Division. The district is bordered by Aurangabad district to the northeast, Nashik district to the northwest, Thane and Pune districts to the southwest, Solapur district to the south and Beed district to the southeast.

Shani Shingnapur
Shani Shingnapur or Shani Shinganapur or Shingnapur is a village in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Situated in Nevasa Taluka in Ahmednagar district, the village is known for its popular temple of Shani, the Hindu god associated with the planet (graha) Saturn. The village is 35 kilometres from the city of Ahmednagar.
Accademia Cosentina
The Accademia Cosentina ("Cosentian Academy" or "Telesian Academy" in English) is still an Italian accademia or learned society in Cosenza, Italy. It was founded in 1511–12 by Aulo Giano Parrasio: 20  and has a long and complex history, with several changes of name.

Aulo Giano Parrasio
Giovan Paolo Parisio (1470–1522), who used the classicised pseudonym Aulo Giano Parrasio or Aulus Janus Parrhasius, was a humanist scholar and grammarian from Cosenza, in Calabria in southern Italy. He was thus sometimes known as "Cosentius". He was a member of the Accademia Pontaniana of Naples, and founded the Accademia Cosentina, an accademia or learned society in Cosenza, in 1511–12.: 20

He was resident in Milan in the first years of the sixteenth century, and was noted as a teacher. He married a daughter of Demetrius Chalcondyles.

He is known for his commentary on the De Raptu Proserpinae of Claudian. Some letters of his on philology were later published, in 1567, as Liber De rebus epistolam quaesitis. His book Oratio ad Patritios Neapolitanos was dedicated to the Italian humanist Antonio Seripando (1476–1531), the brother of the Augustinian friar Girolamo Seripando and the beloved disciple of Master Francesco Pucci.
Christiana Willes
Christiana Willes (1786–1873), also known by her married name Christiana Hodges, was an early nineteenth century cricketer and the younger sister of John Willes. She has sometimes been attributed as the founder of roundarm bowling but it is known that the style was originated by Tom Walker. Many cricket sources name her as Christina rather than Christiana, but John Major and the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography are adamant that Christiana is the correct spelling of her name.

John Willes (cricketer)
John Willes (1778 – 5 August 1852) was an English cricketer who played for Kent as a fast bowler. Despite only playing five important matches, he had a significant impact on the game's history and development for his "pivotal" role in the development of roundarm bowling.
Louise Rydqvist
Louise Rydqvist (born 18 July 2001) is a Swedish professional golfer. In 2022, she was runner-up at The Womens Amateur Championship and won the Espirito Santo Trophy. In 2024, she won the European Ladies Amateur and made the cut at the Women's British Open.

2022 Espirito Santo Trophy
The 2022 Espirito Santo Trophy took place 24–27 August at Le Golf National and Golf de Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche south-west of Paris, France.

It was the 29th women's golf World Amateur Team Championship for the Espirito Santo Trophy.
Naval Radio Section Newport Corner
Naval Radio Section Newport Corner (NRS Newport Corner) is a Canadian Forces naval radio station located in Brooklyn, Nova Scotia. Founded in 1942, it is still in operation today but remotely controlled from CFB Halifax.

Brooklyn, Hants County, Nova Scotia
Brooklyn is a rural community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in West Hants Regional Municipality. The area had a population of 916 people in 2016.

The Mi'kmaq referred to the area as Nelegakumik, meaning "broken snowshoes". Brooklyn is unusual in that its post office is officially called Newport.
Gurdon Bill Store
The Gurdon Bill Store is located in Ledyard, Connecticut. Gurdon Bill and his partner Philip Gray purchased the land for the store in 1818; Gray sold his interest to Bill for $500 in 1819. Bill operated the store until his death in 1856 and the store is believed to have made its final transaction in 1868. It has not been used since it was sold to the Congregational Society in 1875, retaining its historical integrity. The store is an 18-by-30-foot (5.5 by 9.1 m) by 1+1⁄2-story gable-roofed clapboarded structure built upon fieldstone and stone blocks. It has some unusual architecture in the form of a pent-roof and three-part window shutters. Bruce Clouette, a consultant who prepared the Store's registration to the National Register for Historic Places on behalf of the Connecticut Historical Commission, describes the store as "the best preserved early 19th-century store known in Connecticut." The Gurdon Bill Store was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 12, 1982.

Ledyard, Connecticut
Ledyard (/ˈlɛdʒɜːrd/ LEH-jerd) is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States, located along the Thames River. The town is named after Colonel William Ledyard, a Revolutionary War officer who was killed at the Battle of Groton Heights. The town is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 15,413 at the 2020 census. The Foxwoods Resort Casino, owned and operated by the Mashantucket Pequot Tribe, is located in the northeastern section of Ledyard, on the reservation owned by the tribe.

Ledyard's zip code is 06339. Within the southwestern area of Ledyard is the district known as Gales Ferry, which has the postal code 06335. In the northeast is Mashantucket, with the postal code 06338.
Roosevelt–Rondon Scientific Expedition
The Roosevelt–Rondon Scientific Expedition (Portuguese: Expedição Científica Rondon–Roosevelt) was a survey expedition in 1913–14 to follow the path of the Rio da Dúvida ("River of Doubt") in the Amazon basin. The expedition was jointly led by Theodore Roosevelt, the former president of the United States, and Colonel Cândido Rondon, a Brazilian explorer who had discovered its headwaters in 1909. Sponsored in part by the American Museum of Natural History, they also collected many new animal and insect specimens. The river was eventually named "Rio Roosevelt" after the former president. He nearly died during the voyage and his health was permanently damaged.

Cândido Rondon
Marshal Cândido Mariano da Silva Rondon (5 May 1865 – 19 January 1958) was a Brazilian military officer most famous for his telegraph commission and exploration of Mato Grosso and the western Amazon basin, as well as his lifelong support for Indigenous Brazilians. He was the first director of Brazil's Indian Protection Service or SPI (later FUNAI) and supported the creation of the Xingu National Park. The Brazilian state of Rondônia is named after him.
Steve Niles
Steve Niles (born June 21, 1965) is an American comic book author and novelist, known for works such as 30 Days of Night, Criminal Macabre: A Cal McDonald Mystery, Simon Dark, Mystery Society, Batman: Gotham County Line, Kick-Ass – The New Girl, and Kick-Ass vs. Hit-Girl.

He is credited among other contemporary writers as bringing horror comics back to prominence.

Criminal Macabre: A Cal McDonald Mystery
Criminal Macabre: A Cal McDonald Mystery is a comic book series starring Cal McDonald, an antihero American comic book character created in 1990 by writer Steve Niles. The character's adventures have been published by Dark Horse Comics and later IDW Publishing.

Cal himself is akin to John Constantine, a DC Comics paranormal detective. He takes illicit drugs, and befriends a network of ghouls to assist him in his cases. Policemen do not really care to be involved with Cal.
Sethu FC
Sethu Football Club is an Indian women's professional football club based in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, that participates in the Indian Women's League, the top flight of Indian women's football. They won their first IWL in 2018–19 season.

Indian Women's League
The Indian Women's League (abbreviated as the IWL) is the women's top tier professional football league in India, founded in 2016. Currently, a total of 8 teams from across the country participate in the league.

The competition was planned since 2014 and got established in 2016, with the first season starting from October 2016 in Cuttack, Odisha. The league was launched as India's first professional football league for women with the aim to increase the player pool for India national team. Since 2019–20, the clubs that become champions are granted an opportunity to play in the AFC Women's Club Championship, the top tier women's club football competition in Asia.

Until now five clubs have been crowned as champions: Eastern Sporting Union, Rising Students Club, Sethu, Gokulam Kerala and East Bengal. Out of them Gokulam Kerala has lifted the championship trophy thrice.
Undine Barge Club
Undine Barge Club is an amateur rowing club located at #13 Boathouse Row in the historic Boathouse Row along the Schuylkill River in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  The club was founded in 1856.  Undine was not initially listed as a founder of the Schuylkill Navy, but is now considered a founder because an Undine member, Mr. B. F. Van dyke, was elected to represent the club as secretary treasurer of the Navy from its birth in 1858. In 1860, Undine purchased Keystone Barge Club's (the 1st) boat and equipment, as Keystone had disposed of its boathouse.

The club's name is derived from the Legend of Undine, and the club has an upriver house for social functions named Castle Ringstetten, which is the name of the castle in the legend.  The boathouse and Castle Ringstetten were designed by renowned Victorian-era architect Frank Furness and exemplify his original ideas that laid the foundation for modern architecture.

Boathouse Row
Boathouse Row is a historic site which is located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the east bank of the Schuylkill River just north of the Fairmount Water Works and the Philadelphia Museum of Art. It consists of a row of fifteen boathouses housing social and rowing clubs and their racing shells. Each of the boathouses has its own history, and all have addresses on both Boathouse Row and Kelly Drive, named after Philadelphia oarsman John B. Kelly Jr.

Boathouses #2 through #14 are part of a group known as the Schuylkill Navy, which encompasses several other boathouses along the river. Boathouse #1 is Lloyd Hall and is the only public boathouse facility on the Row. Boathouse #15 houses the Sedgeley Club, which operates the Turtle Rock Lighthouse. The boathouses are all at least a century old, and some were built more than 150 years ago.
Mississippi Highway 14
Mississippi Highway 14 (MS 14) is a 145.4-mile-long (234.0 km) state highway that runs from west to east in the U.S. State of Mississippi. MS 14 serves the counties of Issaquena, Sharkey, Humphreys, Holmes, Attala, Winston, and Noxubee. MS 14 exists in two sections. The first section runs from west to east, beginning at Levee Road in Mayersville and ending at a junction with MS 149 near Louise. The second section begins at Ebenezer Coxburg Road / Ebenezer Road in Ebenezer and runs eastward to the Mississippi/Alabama state line near Macon where it continues as Alabama State Route 32 (SR 32).

Humphreys County, Mississippi
Humphreys County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,785. Its county seat is Belzoni. The county is named for Benjamin G. Humphreys. Humphreys County is Mississippi's newest county, having been formed in 1918. Humphreys County is located in the Mississippi Delta region.

It was named 'Farm-Raised Catfish Capital of the World' in 1976 by then Governor Cliff Finch, since it produced more farm-raised catfish than any other U.S. county. Forty thousand acres (160 square kilometers) of the county are underwater and used to grow catfish. About 60% of U.S. farm-raised catfish is raised within a 65-mile (105 km) radius of the county seat, Belzoni. The title "Catfish Capital" has also been claimed by Savannah, Tennessee, and Des Allemands, Louisiana.

In March 2023, the towns of Rolling Fork, Midnight and Silver City were struck by an EF4, part of the tornado outbreak of March 24–25, 2023.
NDUFB3
NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 3, 12kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDUFB3 gene. NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 3, 12kDa is an accessory subunit of the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex, located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. It is also known as Complex I and is the largest of the five complexes of the electron transport chain. Mutations in this gene contribute to mitochondrial complex I deficiency.

Respiratory complex I
Respiratory complex I, EC 7.1.1.2 (also known as NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, Type I NADH dehydrogenase and mitochondrial complex I) is the first large protein complex of the respiratory chains of many organisms from bacteria to humans. It catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and translocates protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes or the plasma membrane of bacteria.

This enzyme is essential for the normal functioning of cells, and mutations in its subunits lead to a wide range of inherited neuromuscular and metabolic disorders. Defects in this enzyme are responsible for the development of several pathological processes such as ischemia/reperfusion damage (stroke and cardiac infarction), Parkinson's disease and others.
University of California Division of War Research
The University of California Division of War Research (UCDWR) was created at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego campus during World War II to aid the U.S. Navy in war-related research.

Scripps Institution of Oceanography
The Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) is the center for oceanography and earth science at the University of California, San Diego. Its main campus is located in La Jolla, with additional facilities in Point Loma.

Founded in 1903 and incorporated into the University of California system in 1912, the institution has since broadened its research focus to encompass the physics, chemistry, geology, biology, and climate of the Earth. The institution awards the Nierenberg Prize annually to recognize researchers with exceptional contributions to science in public interest.
The Colony High School
The Colony High School (TCHS) is a public high school located in the city of The Colony, Texas, US, and classified as a 5A school by the UIL.  It is a part of the Lewisville Independent School District located in southeastern Denton County.  In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

Lewisville Independent School District
Lewisville Independent School District (LISD) is a 127-square mile school district based in Lewisville, Texas (U.S.), covering all of Lewisville, The Colony, Highland Village, Double Oak, and Copper Canyon, as well as portions of Flower Mound, Carrollton, Frisco, Plano, Argyle, Coppell, Grapevine, and Hebron.

The recent suburban growth of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex has caused LISD to grow at a great pace, becoming the 94th-largest school district in the United States in 2006. Proximity calculated a 28.56% increase in student population from 2000 to 2006; LISD was declared the 17th largest school district in the State of Texas in 2008. To help maintain this growth, in May 2008, voters approved a $697 million bond package.

In 2010, the school district was rated "Recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.
Lullusglocke
The Lullusglocke is the oldest datable cast bell in Germany. The inscription indicates it was cast on 24 June 1038. It hangs in the Catherine Tower (German: Katharinenturm) in the ruins of the monastery of Bad Hersfeld in Hesse.

In 2002 the bell tower was repaired by the Friends of the Stiftsruine (monastery ruins). As part of the works, the old clapper was removed and hung in the Stadtsmuseum. A new clapper has been fitted and the bell can now be rung. The bell is suspended from a new yoke and is rung by pulling on ropes.

Hersfeld Abbey
Hersfeld Abbey was an important Benedictine imperial abbey in the town of Bad Hersfeld in Hesse (formerly in Hesse-Nassau), Germany, at the confluence of the rivers Geisa, Haune and Fulda. The ruins are now a medieval festival venue.
Auburn Warriors
The Auburn Warriors Rugby League Football Club were an Australian rugby league football club based in Auburn, New South Wales formed in 1953. They played in the NSW Ron Massey Cup competition and in Sydney's A-Grade competitions.

Ron Massey Cup
The Ron Massey Cup (formerly known as the Bundaberg Red Cup and Jim Beam Cup) is a semi-professional development level rugby league competition in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, run by the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL). The competition is run concurrently with the National Rugby League (NRL). It currently comprises 13 teams drawn from the Sydney metropolitan area. The competition is named after Ron Massey, a former rugby league coach. Ron Massey died on 19 September 2016.

The competition is an expanded version of the former Metropolitan Cup and Second Division competitions. The competition was renamed the Bundaberg Red Cup after the 2008 season (the last Jim Beam Cup season), after Bundaberg Rum replaced former sponsor Jim Beam. For the 2013 season, the competition was re-branded as the Ron Massey Cup in honour of the former coach, tactician, mentor and administrator.
Synod of Kells
The Synod of Kells (Irish: Sionad Cheanannais, Latin: Kenana Synodus) took place in 1152, under the presidency of Giovanni Cardinal Paparoni, and continued the process begun at the Synod of Ráth Breasail (1111) of reforming the Irish church. The sessions were divided between the abbeys of Kells and Mellifont, and in later times the synod has been called the Synod of Kells-Mellifont and the Synod of Mellifont-Kells.

Its main effect was to increase the number of archbishops from two to four, and to redefine the number and size of dioceses. The Primacy of Ireland was granted to the Archdiocese of Armagh.

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Armagh
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Armagh (Latin: "Archidioecesis Ardmachana"; Irish: "Ard-Deoise Ard Mhacha") is a Latin ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church situated in Northern Ireland. Its ordinary is the Archbishop of Armagh, who serves concurrently as the metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province of Armagh and holds the title of Primate of All Ireland, the highest-ranking prelate in the Irish Catholic hierarchy.

The mother church of the archdiocese is St Patrick's Cathedral, a site of profound historical and spiritual significance. The archdiocese’s claim to primatial status is rooted in its founding by Saint Patrick circa 445, establishing it as the principal see of Irish Christianity. Its recognition as a metropolitan province was formalized in 1152 by the Synod of Kells, affirming its ecclesial preeminence.

The current archbishop, Eamon Martin, has held office since 2024. He is assisted by auxiliary bishop Michael Router, appointed in 2019.