hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ondangwa Rural
Ondangwa Rural is an electoral constituency in the Oshana Region of Namibia. It had 13,613 inhabitants in 2016 and 7,682 registered voters in 2020. The administrative centre of the constituency is the settlement Eheke.

Ondangwa Rural was created by splitting the former constituency of Ondangwa into a rural and an urban part in August 2013, following a recommendation of the Fourth Delimitation Commission of Namibia, and in preparation of the 2014 general election.

Ondangwa Constituency
Ondangwa Constituency was an electoral constituency in the Oshana Region of Namibia until August 2013. Ondangwa Constituency covered an area of 209 km2 (81 sq mi). It had a population of 36,846 in 2011, up from 31,694 in 2001. Its district capital was the town of Ondangwa.

Following a recommendation of the Fourth Delimitation Commission of Namibia, and in preparation of the 2014 general election, the constituency was split into Ondangwa Urban and Ondangwa Rural.
Lakeshore Collegiate Institute
Lakeshore Collegiate Institute (also referred to as  LCI or Lakeshore) is a high school in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Built in 1951, Lakeshore Collegiate is a merger of New Toronto Secondary School and Alderwood Collegiate Institute. It is situated on the northwest corner of Kipling Avenue and Birmingham Street in Ward 3 of the Toronto District School Board.  It serves the New Toronto, Long Branch, Alderwood, and Mimico neighbourhoods.

Alderwood Collegiate Institute
Alderwood Collegiate Institute (Alderwood CI, ACI, or Alderwood), named Alderwood Secondary School and Alderwood High School prior is a former public high school that existed from 1955 to 1983 under the governance of the Etobicoke Board of Education (now part of the Toronto District School Board) and that served the Alderwood neighbourhood in the former city of Etobicoke in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The school merged with New Toronto Secondary School to form Lakeshore Collegiate Institute in 1983. The portion of the Alderwood property was transferred to the TDSB's realtor arm, Toronto Lands Corporation (TLC) in 2011 and sold to Urbancorp, a housing developer in August 2012.
Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Princess Marie Luise Alexandra Karoline of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (17 November 1845 – 26 November 1912), later Countess of Flanders, was a princess of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern. She married Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders, second son of King Leopold I of Belgium, and she was the mother of King Albert I.

Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders
Prince Philippe of Belgium, Count of Flanders (Dutch: Filips; 24 March 1837 – 17 November 1905), was the third born and second surviving son of King Leopold I of Belgium and Louise d'Orléans. He was the  brother of Leopold II of Belgium and Empress Carlota of Mexico.

Born at the Château de Laeken, near Brussels, Belgium, Philippe was created Count of Flanders on 14 December 1840. In January 1869, upon the sudden death of his nephew Prince Leopold, Duke of Brabant, he became heir presumptive to the Belgian throne. In 1866, after the abdication of Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Prince of Romania, Philippe refused being named the new Romanian sovereign, and the throne was later accepted by Philippe's brother-in-law Carol I. Earlier, he had also refused the crown of Greece, which was offered to him in 1862.

Philippe died in 1905. When his brother King Leopold II died in 1909, Philippe's second son ascended the Belgian throne as King Albert I.
Linarite
Linarite is a somewhat rare, crystalline mineral that is known among mineral collectors for its unusually intense, pure blue color. It is formed by the oxidation of galena and chalcopyrite and other copper sulfides. It is a combined copper lead sulfate hydroxide with formula  PbCuSO4(OH)2. 
Linarite occurs as monoclinic prismatic to tabular crystals and irregular masses. It is easily confused with azurite, but does not react with dilute hydrochloric acid as azurite does. It has a Mohs hardness of 2.5 and a specific gravity of 5.3 – 5.5.

Linarite was first identified in 1822. It is named after the Linares Plateau, Spain. It occurs in association with brochantite, anglesite, caledonite, leadhillite, cerussite, malachite and hemimorphite.

Caledonite
Caledonite, whose name derives from Caledonia, the historical name of its place of discovery (Scotland), is a richly colored blue-green sulfate-carbonate mineral of lead and copper with an orthorhombic crystal structure. It is an uncommon mineral found in the oxidized zones of copper-lead deposits.
Finnish regional road 551
Finnish regional road 551 (Finnish: Seututie 551, Swedish: Regionalväg 551), or Blue Road (Finnish: Sininen tie, Swedish: Blå vägen), is an east–west road in North Savo, Finland, which in the east starts from Kuopio's Pitkälahti, located at Highway 5 (E63), and continues west through the centers of Karttula, Tervo and Vesanto all the way to the village of Ahveninen. The 80 kilometers long paved, dual lane road is part of the Blue Highway, known as a tourist route.

Karttula
Karttula (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkɑrtːulɑ]) is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with the city of Kuopio on 1 January 2011.

The municipality was located in the North Savo region. It had a population of 3,483 (31 October 2010) and covered a land area of 473.38 square kilometres (182.77 sq mi). The population density was 7.36 inhabitants per square kilometre (19.1/sq mi). The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

Karttula was consolidated with the city of Kuopio in 2011. Kuopio retained its name and coat of arms.

In the 1980s, each Savonian municipality voted for its own signature dish. Karttula's traditional dish was mykysoppa, a variation of Upper Savo's mykyrokka. Other local dishes include blueberry gruel and sap.
Menier Chocolate Factory
The Menier Chocolate Factory is a 180-seat Off-West End theatre, which comprises a bar and theatre offices.

It is located at the rear of a former 1870s Menier Chocolate Company factory at 53 Southwark Street, a major street in the London Borough of Southwark, central south London, England, some 2.5 km from the theatrical West End. The theatre stages plays and musicals, live music and stand-up comedy. According to the Evening Standard, it is "one of the most dynamic fringe venues in London".

Menier Chocolate
The Menier Chocolate company (French: Chocolat Menier) is a French chocolate manufacturing business founded in 1816 as a pharmaceutical manufacturer in Paris, at a time when chocolate was used as a medicinal product and was only one part of the overall business.

Founded by Antoine Brutus Menier, the company remained managed by his family until 1971, when it was acquired by Rowntree Mackintosh Confectionery. In 1988, Menier became part of Swiss conglomerate Nestlé when it acquired Rowntree Mackintosh. In 1996, Menier moved production to Swiss municipality of Broc, where it has remained since then. The former factory building at Noisiel was turned into the headquarters of Nestlé France.
12th Missile Squadron
The 12th Missile Squadron is a United States Air Force unit.  It is assigned to the 341st Operations Group, stationed at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana.   The squadron is equipped with the LGM-30G Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile, with a mission of nuclear deterrence.

341st Missile Wing
47°30′17″N 111°11′14″W﻿ / ﻿47.50472°N 111.18722°W﻿ / 47.50472; -111.18722﻿ (Malmstrom AFB)

The United States Air Force's 341st Missile Wing is an intercontinental ballistic missile unit headquartered at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana. Up until 1 July 2008, it was designated as the 341st Space Wing.

Established as a World War II Tenth Air Force North American B-25 Mitchell bomb group in India, the unit served as part of Strategic Air Command during the early part of the Cold War as a Boeing B-47 Stratojet wing, before becoming an intercontinental ballistic missile unit in 1962. Today, the 341st is one of three remaining United States Air Force wings that maintain and operate the LGM-30 Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile.
Lam Cho
Lam Cho (27 February 1910 – 29 March 2012) was the Hung Ga Grandmaster and Dit Da practitioner of the Lam Family Hung Ga lineage. He was noted to be the last martial arts Grandmaster who lived during the times of well-known martial artists Wong Fei-hung and Lam Sai-wing, his adoptive uncle.

Lam Sai-wing
Lam Sai-wing (1860 – 1943) was a Hung Gar martial artist. He was a student of the Chinese martial artist, acupuncturist, and folk hero of Cantonese ethnicity, Wong Fei-hung.

"Since my young years till now, for 50 years, I have been learning from Masters. 
I am happy that I have earned the love of my tutors who passed on me the Shaolin Mastery…" (Lam Sai-wing).
Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton
Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, KG  (pronunciation uncertain: /ˈrɛzli/ "Rezley", /ˈraɪzli/ "Rizely" (archaic), /ˈrɒtsli/ (present-day) and /ˈraɪəθsli/ have been suggested; 6 October 1573 – 10 November 1624), was the only son of Henry Wriothesley, 2nd Earl of Southampton, and Mary Browne, daughter of the 1st Viscount Montagu. Shakespeare's two narrative poems, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece, were dedicated to Southampton, who is frequently identified as the Fair Youth of Shakespeare's Sonnets.

Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montagu
Anthony Browne, 1st Viscount Montagu, KB, PC (29 November 1528 – 19 October 1592) was an English peer during the Tudor period. He was a staunch Roman Catholic, but unswervingly loyal to the Crown. Montagu was employed on diplomatic missions to the Pope in Rome and to Spain, and was 'highly esteemed for his prudence and wisdom' by Queen Elizabeth. In spite of his bold opposition to the Acts of Supremacy and Allegiance (1559 and 1562), which threatened the religious activities of the Roman Catholics, he never lost Queen Elizabeth's favour. He was one of the commissioners who tried Mary, Queen of Scots in 1587. In 1571 he was implicated in the Ridolfi Plot along with two of his Dacre brothers-in-law.
Gradient-like vector field
In differential topology, a mathematical discipline, and more specifically in Morse theory, a gradient-like vector field is a generalization of gradient vector field.

The primary motivation is as a technical tool in the construction of Morse functions, to show that one can construct a function whose critical points are at distinct levels. One first constructs a Morse function, then uses gradient-like vector fields to move around the critical points, yielding a different Morse function.

Morse theory
In mathematics, specifically in differential topology, Morse theory enables one to analyze the topology of a manifold by studying differentiable functions on that manifold. According to the basic insights of Marston Morse, a typical differentiable function on a manifold will reflect the topology quite directly. Morse theory allows one to find CW structures and handle decompositions on manifolds and to obtain substantial information about their homology.

Before Morse, Arthur Cayley and James Clerk Maxwell had developed some of the ideas of Morse theory in the context of topography. Morse originally applied his theory to geodesics (critical points of the energy functional on the space of paths). These techniques were used in Raoul Bott's proof of his periodicity theorem.

The analogue of Morse theory for complex manifolds is Picard–Lefschetz theory.
Boeing 377 Stratocruiser
The Boeing 377 Stratocruiser was a large long-range airliner developed from the C-97 Stratofreighter military transport, itself a derivative of the B-29 Superfortress. The Stratocruiser's first flight was on July 8, 1947. Design features included passenger decks and a pressurized cabin. It could carry up to 100 passengers on the main deck plus 14 in the lower deck lounge; typical seating was for 63 or 84 passengers or 28 berthed and five seated passengers.

The Stratocruiser was larger than the Douglas DC-6 and Lockheed Constellation and cost more to buy and operate. Its reliability was poor, mainly due to problems with the four 28-cylinder Pratt & Whitney R-4360 Wasp Major radial engines and  structural and control problems with their propellers. Only 55 Stratocruisers were built for airlines, along with the single prototype. One was converted into the Aero Spacelines Pregnant Guppy by John M. Conroy for NASA’s Gemini space program.

Douglas DC-6
The Douglas DC-6 is a piston-powered airliner and cargo aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company from 1946 to 1958. Originally intended as a military transport near the end of World War II, Douglas reworked it after the war to compete with the Lockheed Constellation in the long-range commercial transport market. Douglas built over 700, and many still fly in cargo, military, and wildfire control roles.

The DC-6 was known as the C-118 Liftmaster in United States Air Force service and as the R6D in United States Navy service before 1962, after which all U.S. Navy variants were also designated as the C-118.
Kamen Rider Ghost
Kamen Rider Ghost (仮面ライダーゴースト, Kamen Raidā Gōsuto) is a Japanese tokusatsu drama serving as the 17th Heisei Kamen Rider Series, and 26th series overall. Takuro Fukuda serves as Ghost's lead screenwriter, with Satoshi Morota as director. It premiered on TV Asahi and affiliate stations throughout Japan on October 4, 2015, the week following the finale of its predecessor series Kamen Rider Drive, joining Shuriken Sentai Ninninger, and later, Doubutsu Sentai Zyuohger in the Super Hero Time programming block.

The motif of the series is centered around ghosts, historical figures, and eye-based themes. The series focuses on the protagonist, Takeru Tenkuji, who becomes Kamen Rider Ghost after dying and being temporarily resurrected. He is tasked with collecting Eyecons, which contain the spirits of famous historical figures such as Thomas Edison, Isaac Newton, Musashi Miyamoto, Ludwig von Beethoven, and more.

Kamen Rider Drive
Kamen Rider Drive (仮面ライダードライブ, Kamen Raidā Doraibu) is a Japanese tokusatsu television series serving as the 16th Heisei Kamen Rider Series, and 25th series overall. Riku Sanjo returns to the Kamen Rider Series to serve as Drive's lead screenwriter, with Ryuta Tasaki as director. It premiered on TV Asahi and affiliate stations throughout Japan on October 5, 2014, the week following the finale of its preceding series Kamen Rider Gaim, and joining Ressha Sentai ToQger then Shuriken Sentai Ninninger in the Super Hero Time programming block, until Drive concluded on September 27, 2015. Drive is peculiar among the heroes in the Kamen Rider franchise, as his motif and main mode of transportation is a car, rather than the signature motorcycles used by his predecessors.
Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence concerns the chaotic regimes of magnetofluid flow at high Reynolds number. Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) deals with quasi-neutral fluids with very high conductivity, like plasmas. The fluid approximation implies that the focus is on macro length-and-time scales which are much larger than the collision length and collision time respectively. Understanding MHD turbulence is fundamental because most of the visible matter in the universe is in the plasma state and this plasma is mainly turbulent.

Magnetohydrodynamics
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD; also called magneto-fluid dynamics or hydro­magnetics) is a model of electrically conducting fluids that treats all types of charged particles together as one continuous fluid. It is primarily concerned with the low-frequency, large-scale, magnetic behavior in plasmas and liquid metals and has applications in multiple fields including space physics, geophysics, astrophysics, and engineering.
Boeing X-48
The Boeing X-48 is an American experimental unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) built to investigate the characteristics of blended wing body (BWB) aircraft.  Boeing designed the X-48 and two examples were built by Cranfield Aerospace in the UK.  Boeing began flight testing the X-48B version for NASA in 2007. The X-48B was later modified into the X-48C version, which was flight tested from August 2012 to April 2013.  Boeing and NASA planned to develop a larger BWB demonstrator, although no updates have been provided since 2013.

Blended wing body
A blended wing body (BWB), also known as blended body, hybrid wing body (HWB) or a lifting aerofoil fuselage, is a fixed-wing aircraft having no clear dividing line between the wings and the main body of the craft. The aircraft has distinct wing and body structures, which are smoothly blended together with no clear dividing line. This contrasts with a flying wing, which has no distinct fuselage, and a lifting body, which has no distinct wings. A BWB design may or may not be tailless.

The main advantage of the BWB is to reduce wetted area and the accompanying form drag associated with a conventional wing-body junction. It may also be given a wide airfoil-shaped body, allowing the entire craft to generate lift and thus reducing the size and drag of the wings.

The BWB configuration is used for both aircraft and underwater gliders.
Gordon Campbell (Canadian politician)
Gordon Muir Campbell, OC OBC (born January 12, 1948) is a retired Canadian diplomat and politician who was the 35th mayor of Vancouver from 1986 to 1993 and the 34th premier of British Columbia from 2001 to 2011.

He was the leader of the British Columbia Liberal Party from 1993 to 2011. From 2011 to 2016, he served as Canadian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom and Canada's representative to the Ismaili Imamat from 2014 to 2016.

Order of British Columbia
The Order of British Columbia is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Instituted in 1989 by Lieutenant Governor David Lam, on the advice of the Cabinet under Premier Bill Vander Zalm, the order is administered by the Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former British Columbia residents for conspicuous achievements in any field, being thus described as the highest honour amongst all others conferred by the British Columbia Crown.
Xumi Fushou Temple
The Xumi Fushou Temple (Chinese: 须弥福寿之庙) is one of the Eight Outer Temples in Chengde, Hebei, China. This Buddhist temple is in the north of the park complex of the Chengde Mountain Resort, to the east of Putuo Zongcheng Temple on the north side of a slightly upward slope hill. The temple covers an area of 37,900 m2 (408,000 sq ft).

Chengde Mountain Resort
Chengde Mountain Resort (Chinese: 承德避暑山庄; Manchu:  Halhūn be jailara gurung) is a large complex of imperial palaces and gardens situated in the Shuangqiao District of Chengde in northeastern Hebei province, northern China, about 225 kilometres (140 mi) northeast of China's capital Beijing. This resort was frequently used as a summer vacation place before the Kuomintang Republic of China. Because of its vast and rich collection of Chinese landscapes and architecture, Chengde Mountain Resort in many ways is a culmination of all the variety of gardens, pagodas, temples and palaces from various regions of China. In 1994, The Mountain Resort was awarded World Heritage Site status.

Chengde is one of China's four famous gardens, national relic protection unit and Class 5A Tourist Attractions in China.
Syndicate (series)
Syndicate is a series of science fiction video games created by Bullfrog Productions and published by Electronic Arts. There are two main titles: Syndicate (1993) and Syndicate Wars (1996), both of which are isometric real-time tactics games. An additional first-person shooter Syndicate title was released in 2012, and a spiritual successor to the series (returning to the real-time tactics format), entitled Satellite Reign, was released in 2015.

Syndicate Wars
Syndicate Wars is an isometric real-time tactical and strategic game, developed by Bullfrog Productions and published by Electronic Arts. It was released for DOS in 1996 and for the PlayStation in 1997. It is the second video game title in the Syndicate series, retaining the core gameplay and perspective of the original Syndicate, but with a setting 95 years further into the future.

A first-person shooter follow-up (simply titled Syndicate) was developed by Starbreeze Studios and released in February 2012. This was followed by a spiritual successor (developed by the Syndicate Wars producer and lead programmer Mike Diskett), Satellite Reign, in August 2015.
Kyptoceratini
Kyptoceratini is an extinct tribe of the subfamily Synthetoceratinae, deer-like mammals within the family Protoceratidae belonging to the order Artiodactyla, endemic to North America during the Miocene through Pliocene, living 23.03—3.6 Ma, existing for approximately 19.43 million years.

Synthetoceratinae
Synthetoceratinae is an extinct subfamily of Protoceratidae, deer-like herbivorous mammals belonging to the order Artiodactyla. They were endemic to North America during the Miocene epoch, living 23.03—3.9 Ma, existing for approximately 19.13 million years.
Toronto Sun
The Toronto Sun is an English-language tabloid newspaper published daily in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The newspaper is one of several Sun tabloids published by Postmedia Network. The newspaper's offices are located at Postmedia Place in downtown Toronto.

The newspaper published its first edition in November 1971, after it had acquired the assets of the defunct Toronto Telegram, and hired portions of its staff. In 1978, Toronto Sun Holdings and Toronto Sun Publishing were consolidated to form Sun Publishing (later renamed Sun Media Corporation). Sun Publishing went on to form similar tabloids to the Toronto Sun in other Canadian cities during the late 1970s and 1980s. The Sun was acquired by Postmedia Network in 2015, as a part of the sale of the Sun's parent company, Sun Media.

Postmedia Network
Postmedia Network Canada Corp. (also known as Postmedia Network, Postmedia News or Postmedia) is an American-owned, Canadian-based media conglomerate consisting of the publishing properties of the former Canwest, with primary operations in English-language newspaper publishing, news gathering and Internet operations. It is best known for being the owner of the National Post and the Financial Post. It owns and operates over more than 130 print and digital news titles across Canada.

The company's strategy has seen its publications invest greater resources in digital news gathering and distribution, including expanded websites and digital news apps for smartphones and tablets. This began with a revamp and redesign of the Ottawa Citizen, which debuted in 2014.

Two-thirds, or 66%, of Postmedia is currently owned by American media conglomerate Chatham Asset Management. The company is headquartered at Postmedia Place on Bloor Street in Toronto.
Neutral network (evolution)
A neutral network is a set of genes all related by point mutations that have equivalent function or fitness. Each node represents a gene sequence and each line represents the mutation connecting two sequences. Neutral networks can be thought of as high, flat plateaus in a fitness landscape. During neutral evolution, genes can randomly move through neutral networks and traverse regions of sequence space which may have consequences for robustness and evolvability.

Sequence space (evolution)
In evolutionary biology, sequence space is a way of representing all possible sequences (for a protein, gene or genome). The sequence space has one dimension per amino acid or nucleotide in the sequence leading to highly dimensional spaces.

Most sequences in sequence space have no function, leaving relatively small regions that are populated by naturally occurring genes. Each protein sequence is adjacent to all other sequences that can be reached through a single mutation. It has been estimated that the whole functional protein sequence space has been explored by life on the Earth. Evolution by natural selection can be visualised as the process of sampling nearby sequences in sequence space and moving to any with improved fitness over the current one.