hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neurulation
Neurulation refers to the folding process in vertebrate embryos, which includes the transformation of the neural plate into the neural tube. The embryo at this stage is termed the neurula.

The process begins when the notochord induces the formation of the central nervous system (CNS) by signaling the ectoderm germ layer above it to form the thick and flat neural plate. The neural plate folds in upon itself to form the neural tube, which will later differentiate into the spinal cord and the brain, eventually forming the central nervous system. Computer simulations found that cell wedging and differential proliferation are sufficient for mammalian neurulation.

Different portions of the neural tube form by two different processes, called primary and secondary neurulation, in different species.

In primary neurulation, the neural plate creases inward until the edges come in contact and fuse.

In secondary neurulation, the tube forms by hollowing out of the interior of a solid precursor.

Germ layer
A germ layer, primary germinal layer, or germinal layer is a primary layer  of cells that forms during  animal embryonic development. Germ layers form during gastrulation, when the early embryo is formed of two or three layers of cells.

Sponges do not have a gastrulation stage and possess no true germ layers. They do though have two layers of cells separated by a gel-like mesohyl. Some aquatic invertebrates such as cnidarians, and comb jellies, develop from only two germ layers, an ectoderm and an endoderm, and are known as diploblasts. But most animals have a bilateral symmetry, and develop from three germ layers, an ectoderm, endoderm, and a middle layer of mesoderm, and are triploblastic.

Germ layers eventually give rise to all of an animal's tissues and organs through the processes of histogenesis, and organogenesis.
Cheddar Complex
The Cheddar Complex is a 441.3-hectare (1,090-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest near Cheddar around the Cheddar Gorge and north east to Charterhouse in the Mendip Hills, Somerset, England, notified in 1952.

The very large area includes 4 SSSIs formerly known as: Cheddar Gorge SSSI; August Hole/Longwood Swallet SSSI; GB Cavern Charterhouse SSSI; and Charterhouse on-Mendip SSSI.

It is part owned by the National Trust, commercial landowners including the Marquess of Bath's Longleat Estate; and part managed by the Somerset Wildlife Trust.

Charterhouse, Somerset
Charterhouse, also known as Charterhouse-on-Mendip, is a hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of Priddy, in the Mendip Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) in the Somerset district, in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England. The area between Charterhouse and Cheddar Gorge including Velvet Bottom and Ubley Warren is covered by the Cheddar Complex Site of Special Scientific Interest. In 1931 the parish had a population of 68.
Alepocephalidae
Slickheads, also known as nakedheads or smoothheads, are deep water fishes that belong to the family Alepocephalidae. They are most commonly found in the bathypelagic layer, which is approximately 3000m below the surface. They get their name from the lack of scales on their heads. Similarly, the scientific name is from the Greek ᾰ̓- (a-, "not"); λέπος (lepos, "scale"); and κεφαλή (kephalē, "head"). It has about 22 genera with ca. 96 species.

The only known fossil genus is Carpathichthys from the Early Oligocene of Poland, although an undescribed species of Bathyprion and several indeterminate taxa are also known from the same formation. Fossil otoliths are also known, dating to the Early Eocene.

Bathyprion
Bathyprion, is a genus of deepwater marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Alepocephalidae, the slickheads. Its only extant species is Bathyprion danae, the fangtooth smooth-head. This species is found in the Atlantic and western Pacific Oceans.

A fossil specimen of an undescribed Bathyprion species has been documented from the Oligocene of the Polish Carpathians. It is one of the very few fossil slickheads known alongside Carpathichthys.
David Hoyle (priest)
David Michael Hoyle KCVO MBE (born 1957) is a British Anglican priest and academic who was appointed the 39th Dean of Westminster in 2019, having previously served as Dean of Bristol from 2010 to 2019.

Dean of Westminster
The Dean of Westminster is the head of the chapter at Westminster Abbey. Due to the abbey's status as a royal peculiar, the dean answers directly to the British monarch (not to the Bishop of London as ordinary, nor to the Archbishop of Canterbury as metropolitan). Initially, the office was a successor to that of Abbot of Westminster, and was for the first 10 years cathedral dean for the Diocese of Westminster. The current dean is David Hoyle.
Buckfield, Maine
Buckfield is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. Buckfield is included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England City and Town Area. It is a member of  Regional School Unit 10 along with nearby Hartford and Sumner.  The town had a population of 1,983 as of the 2020 census.

Sumner, Maine
Sumner is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. Sumner is included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England city and town area. The population was 994 at the 2020 census. The town includes the villages of West Sumner and East Sumner.
Current reality tree (theory of constraints)
One of the thinking processes in the theory of constraints, a current reality tree (CRT) is a tool to analyze many systems or organizational problems at once. By identifying root causes common to most or all of the problems, a CRT can greatly aid focused improvement of the system. A current reality tree is a directed graph.

Theory of constraints
The theory of constraints (TOC) is a management paradigm that views any manageable system as being limited in achieving more of its goals by a very small number of constraints. There is always at least one constraint, and TOC uses a focusing process to identify the constraint and restructure the rest of the organization around it. TOC adopts the common idiom "a chain is no stronger than its weakest link". That means that organizations and processes are vulnerable because the weakest person or part can always damage or break them, or at least adversely affect the outcome.
Morlanwelz train collision and runaway
On 27 November 2017, a Belgian passenger train ran away during recovery operations following a collision at a level crossing. After 14 kilometres (8.7 mi), it collided with a stationary train at Strépy-Bracquegnies, killing two and injuring seven. The accident was caused by a failed coupling.

Strépy-Bracquegnies
50°28′52″N 4°06′56″E﻿ / ﻿50.481111°N 4.115591°E﻿ / 50.481111; 4.115591
Strépy-Bracquegnies (French pronunciation: [stʁepi bʁakɲi]; Walloon: Sterpi-Bracgnere) is a village in Wallonia, Belgium. It is a district of the municipality of La Louvière in the province of Hainaut. It is around 6 km west of the centre of La Louvière, and around 50 km south-west of Brussels.
SCVP
The Server-based Certificate Validation Protocol (SCVP) is an Internet protocol for determining the path between an X.509 digital certificate and a trusted root (Delegated Path Discovery) and the validation of that path (Delegated Path Validation) according to a particular validation policy.

Delegated Path Discovery
Delegated Path Discovery (DPD) is a method for querying a trusted server for information about a public key certificate.

DPD allows clients to obtain collated certificate information from a trusted DPD server. This information may then be used by the client to validate the subject certificate.

The requirements for DPD are described in RFC 3379.
1998 K League Championship
The 1998 K League Championship was the fifth competition of the K League Championship, and was held to decide the 16th champions of the K League. It was contested between the top four clubs of the regular season. The first round was played as a single match between third place and fourth place of the regular season. The winners of the first round advanced to the semi-final, and played against runners-up of the regular season over two legs. The final progressed in the same way as the semi-final, and winners of the regular season qualified directly.

1998 K League
The 1998 K League was the 16th season of South Korean professional football league, and was the first season to have been named the "K League". This season is called the "Renaissance of K League" in South Korea. Despite the poor performance of South Korea team at the 1998 FIFA World Cup, the 1998 season of K League recorded a total of 2 million spectators with young star players' popularity for the first time. The three most popular players of them Ko Jong-soo, Lee Dong-gook, and Ahn Jung-hwan were called the "K League Troika".
Kothandaramar temple, Paruthiyur
Kothandaramar Temple is a Hindu temple located in the Tiruvarur district of Tamil Nadu, India, dedicated to Rama, the seventh avatar of the god Vishnu.  The temple is glorified by Maharishi Valmiki and classified as one of the 108 Abhimana Kshethrams of the Vaishnavate tradition. This temple one of Pancha Rama Kshethrams. All these temples are said to be particular locations mentioned in Ramayana.

Kothandaramar Temple, Thillaivilagam
10°24′46″N 79°33′12″E﻿ / ﻿10.412733°N 79.553403°E﻿ / 10.412733; 79.553403

Kothandaramar Temple is a Hindu temple located in the Tiruvarur district of Tamil Nadu, India, dedicated to  Rama, the seventh avatar of the godVishnu. The temple is glorified by Maharishi Valmiki and classified as one of the 108 Abhimana Kshethrams of the Vaishnavate tradition. This temple one of Pancha Rama Kshethrams. All these temples are said to be particular locations mentioned in Ramayana.
Jeep Grand Cherokee
The Jeep Grand Cherokee is a range of mid-sized sport utility vehicles produced by American manufacturer Jeep. At its introduction, while most SUVs were still manufactured with body-on-frame construction, the Grand Cherokee has used a unibody chassis from the start.

Jeep Liberty
The Jeep Liberty is a four-door unibody compact SUV manufactured and marketed by Jeep for model years 2002–2012 over two generations, internally designated the KJ (2002–2007) and KK (2008–2012), respectively. Both generations were marketed globally, including as the Jeep Cherokee outside North America.

Introduced as a replacement for the Cherokee (XJ), the Liberty was priced between the Wrangler and Grand Cherokee and was the smallest of the 4-door Jeep SUVs until the car based 4-door Compass and Patriot arrived for 2007. Both generations were assembled at the Toledo North Assembly Plant in the United States and other countries, including Egypt and Venezuela.  The KK generation was manufactured alongside the closely related Dodge Nitro. Production ended in August 2012.

The Liberty was superseded by the Jeep Cherokee.
Colburn Automobile Company
The Colburn Automobile Company was a Brass Era car manufacturer in Denver, Colorado. The company produced cars from 1906-1911. in their factory at 15th Street and Colfax Avenue.

Colburns were built as a roadster, and later as a touring car (Model 35). They were fashioned after the French Renault with the radiator positioned behind the sloping hood. The Model 30 and Model 40 roadsters were fast with a top speed of 72 miles per hour and often competed in road races and track events around the Denver area. The roadster featured a 4-cylinder, 40HP engine and 4 speed transmission and sold for $4,500.00. A large shiny brass "C" emblazoned the front of the automobiles.

Brass Era car
The Brass Era is an American term for the early period of automotive manufacturing, named for the prominent brass fittings used during this time for such features as lights and radiators. It is generally considered to encompass 1896 through 1915, a time when cars were often referred to as horseless carriages.

Elsewhere in the world, this period would be considered by antique car enthusiasts to consist of the veteran (pre-1904), and Edwardian eras, although these terms are really not meaningful outside the former British Empire.
Post Office circular
From the introduction of the Penny Black by the British postal system, Post Office Circulars have been sent out from the main office, (originally in Edinburgh), to give information and examples of the new postage stamps which were coming into general use.

The original notice regarding the introduction of postage stamps was sent out in April 1840 and refers to the usage and cancellation of the 1d and 2d stamps. These are usually found with a pair of Penny Blacks attached.

A second notice was sent on 7 May with examples of the 2d stamps as well as the VR official. The pairs of stamps sent with this notice were not originally attached to the notice.

Penny Black
The Penny Black was the world's first adhesive postage stamp used in a public postal system. It was first issued in the United Kingdom on 1 May 1840 but was not valid for use until 6 May. The stamp features a profile of Queen Victoria.

In 1837, British postal rates were high, complex and anomalous. To simplify matters, Sir Rowland Hill proposed an adhesive stamp to indicate pre-payment of postage. At the time it was normal for the recipient to pay postage on delivery, charged by the sheet and on distance travelled. By contrast, the Penny Black allowed letters of up to 1⁄2 ounce (14 grams) to be delivered at a flat rate of one penny, regardless of distance.
Bug-Byte
Bug-Byte Ltd. was a video game company founded in 1980 in Liverpool, initially producing software for the Acorn Atom and ZX80. Bug-Byte's first hit was Don Priestley's Mazogs which was one of the most successful titles for the ZX81. In 1983, it published Manic Miner, considered to be one of the most influential platform games of all time. The company went into liquidation in 1985 but their name and logo were purchased by Argus Press PLC for use as a budget software label.

Don Priestley
Don Priestley (1940–2024) was a British school teacher and former video game programmer who wrote over 20 commercial games for the ZX81 and ZX Spectrum home computers between 1982 and 1989. Despite successful releases for DK'Tronics, such as 3D Tanx and Maziacs, Priestley returned to teaching in the late 1980s, claiming changes in the video game industry did not suit his style of work. He died after a short illness in the autumn of 2024.
Naukar Wohti Da
Naukar Wohti Da (Punjabi: ﻧﻮﮐﺮ ﻭﻭﮨﭩﯽ ﺩﺍ) is a 1974 Punjabi-language Pakistani film, starring Munawar Zarif in the lead role, opposite Aasia. The film tells the story of a hired husband. It was remade in Hindi as Naukar Biwi Ka (1983).

This film is considered one of the most iconic films ever made in Pakistan, and was one of the big hits of Munawar Zarif as a lead actor.

Munawar Zarif
Munawar Zarif (Punjabi, Urdu: منور ظریف) (25 December 1940 – 29 April 1976) was a Pakistani film actor and comedian. His fans named him Shahenshah-e-Zarafat 
(Urdu: شہنشاہِ ﻇﺮﺍﻓﺖ), meaning The Emperor of Humor or the King of Humor.

He was one of the most popular and highest paid actors of the 1970s and is considered one of the greatest comedians of South Asia.
Noakhali Express
Noakhali Express (Bengali: নোয়াখালী এক্সপ্রেস) is a professional franchise Twenty20 cricket team based in Noakhali, Bangladesh. The team is a newly added franchise set to compete in the Bangladesh Premier League (BPL), the country's premier domestic T20 competition, starting from the upcoming 2026 edition.

The team is the first franchise representing the Noakhali region in the history of the BPL.

2025–26 Bangladesh Premier League
2025–26 Bangladesh Premier League (BPL 2026)  was the 12th season of the Bangladesh Premier League, a professional Twenty20 cricket league in Bangladesh that is organised by the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB). The season commenced on 26 December 2025, and the final was held on 23 January 2026.
Rajshahi Warriors beat Chattogram Royals in the final by 63 runs and won their second title.
Christian Worship: Hymnal
Christian Worship: Hymnal is the most recent hymnal authorized by the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS). It was published in 2021 by Northwestern Publishing House (NPH), the official publisher of the WELS, and intended to replace Christian Worship: A Lutheran Hymnal. The WELS Hymnal Project Executive Committee began preparations for the hymnal in 2013; the project chairman was Jon Zabell and the project director was Michael Schultz.

NPH maintains a listing of omissions and musical errors in the first edition of the Hymnal and auxiliary books. A notable omission in the first printing of the pew edition is Prayers for Worship, which were intended to be printed on the inside front cover of the hymnal. NPH provides a PDF of this page that can be printed and affixed inside the cover of a first edition pew hymnal.

Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod
The Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS), also referred to simply as the Wisconsin Synod, is an American Confessional Lutheran denomination of Christianity. Characterized as theologically conservative, it was founded in 1850 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

As of 2022, it had a baptized membership of 340,511 in 1,250 congregations, with churches in 47 US states and 4 provinces of Canada. The WELS also does gospel outreach in 40 countries around the world. It is the third, or fourth, largest Lutheran denomination in the United States. The WELS school system is the fourth largest private school system in the United States.

The WELS is in fellowship with the Evangelical Lutheran Synod (ELS) and is a member of the Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference (CELC), a worldwide organization of Lutheran church bodies of the same beliefs.
2 Chronicles 36
2 Chronicles 36 is the thirty-sixth (and the final) chapter of the Second Book of Chronicles the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or of the second part of the Books of Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible. The book is compiled from older sources by an unknown person or group, designated by modern scholars as "the Chronicler", and had the final shape established in late fifth or fourth century BCE. This chapter belongs to the section focusing on the kingdom of Judah until its destruction by the Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar and the beginning of restoration under Cyrus the Great of Persia  (2 Chronicles 10 to 36). It contains the regnal accounts of the last four kings of Judah - Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin and Zedekiah - and the edict of Cyrus allowing the exiled Jews to return to Jerusalem.

Jeconiah
Jeconiah (Biblical Hebrew: יְכָנְיָה, romanized: Yəḵonəyā [jəxonjɔː] meaning "Yahweh has established"; Greek: Ἰεχονίας; Latin: Iechonias, Jechonias), also known as Coniah and as Jehoiachin (יְהוֹיָכִין Yəhoyāḵin [jəhoːjɔːˈxiːn]; Latin: Ioachin, Joachin), was the nineteenth and penultimate king of Judah who was dethroned by the King of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar II in the 6th century BCE and was taken into captivity. He was the son and successor of King Jehoiakim, and the grandson of King Josiah. Most of what is known about Jeconiah is found in the Hebrew Bible. Records of Jeconiah's existence have been found in Iraq, such as the Jehoiachin's Rations Tablets. These tablets were excavated near the Ishtar Gate in Babylon and dated to c. 592 BCE. Written in cuneiform, they mention Jeconiah (Akkadian: 𒅀𒀪𒌑𒆠𒉡}, romanized: Yaʾukinu [ia-ʾ-ú-ki-nu]) and his five sons as recipients of food rations in Babylon.
Admiralty Mountains
The Admiralty Mountains (alternatively Admiralty Range) is a large group of high mountains and individually named ranges and ridges in northeastern Victoria Land, Antarctica. 
This mountain group is bounded by the sea (Ross Sea and Southern Ocean), and by the Dennistoun Glacier, Ebbe Glacier, and Tucker Glacier.

Anare Mountains
The Anare Mountains (70°55′S 166°00′E﻿ / ﻿70.917°S 166.000°E﻿ / -70.917; 166.000﻿ (Anare Mountains)) are a large group of mainly snow-covered peaks and ridges along the northern coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica. 
The group is bounded on the north and east by the Pacific Ocean, on the west by Lillie Glacier, and on the south by Ebbe Glacier and Dennistoun Glacier. 
They are north of the Concord Mountains and east of the Bowers Mountains.
Strossmayer Gallery of Old Masters
The Strossmayer Gallery of Old Masters (Croatian: Strossmayerova galerija starih majstora) is a fine art museum in Zagreb, Croatia exhibiting the collection donated to the city by Bishop Josip Juraj Strossmayer in 1884. Located at 11 Nikola Šubić Zrinski Square, it forms part of the  Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti).

The Strossmayer Gallery holding includes around 4,000 works, of which some 250 are on display, with the remainder in storage, or on display at other museums or gallery institutions in Croatia.

Modern Gallery, Zagreb
Modern Gallery  (Croatian: Moderna galerija; since 2021 the National Museum of Modern Art, Nacionalni muzej moderne umjetnosti) is a museum in Zagreb, Croatia that holds the most important and comprehensive collection of paintings, sculptures and drawings by 19th and 20th century Croatian artists. The collection numbers around 10,000 works of art, housed since 1934 in the historic Vranyczany Palace in the centre of Zagreb, overlooking the Zrinjevac Park. A secondary gallery is the Josip Račić Studio at Margaretska 3.
Tsurui
Tsurui (鶴居村, Tsurui-mura) is a village located in Kushiro Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan.  As of 30 November 2025, the village had an estimated population of 2,362 in 1186 households, and a population density of 2.1 people per km2. The total area of the village is 571.80 km2 (220.77 sq mi). Tsurui is a breeding ground for the red-crowned crane, deemed one of the 100 Soundscapes of Japan. It is a member of the "The Most Beautiful Villages in Japan" Association.

Red-crowned crane
The red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis), also called the Japanese crane and the Manchurian crane, is a large Northeast Asian crane among the rarest cranes in the world. In some parts of its range, it is known as a symbol of luck, longevity, and fidelity.
Mantaur
Mike Halac (May 14, 1968 – July 11, 2023) was an American professional wrestler. He was best known for his appearances with the World Wrestling Federation in the mid-1990s under the ring name Mantaur, and briefly as Tank.

P. N. News
Paul Neu (born July 9, 1966) is an American professional wrestler. He is perhaps best known for his stints in World Championship Wrestling and Extreme Championship Wrestling under the ring name P. N. News and accompanying hip hop-influenced persona.
Dingle, Iloilo
Dingle (IPA: [ˈdiŋlɛʔ], locally /ˈdiŋliʔ/), officially the Municipality of Dingle (Kinaray-a: Banwa ka Dingle, Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Dingle, Tagalog: Bayan ng Dingle), is a 1st municipal income class municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 46,032 people.

The town is known for its baroque-architecture church and its archaeological cave sites, such as the Lapuz Lapuz Cave, famous for revealing the hunter-gatherer lives of the ancient people of Panay.

Dingle Church
Saint John the Baptist Parish Church, commonly known as Dingle Church, is a Roman Catholic parish church located at the municipality of Dingle, Iloilo in the Philippines. It is under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Jaro. Finished in 1886, save for the still uncompleted bell tower, the church stands as a fine example of Baroque architecture exuding the style of Neoclassical extravagance.