hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grassroots–Legalize Cannabis Party
The Grassroots–Legalize Cannabis Party (G–LC) was a political third party in the U.S. state of Minnesota created by Oliver Steinberg in 2014 to oppose cannabis prohibition. G–LC was a democratic socialist party with a background branching from the Grassroots Party established in 1986.

Grassroots–Legalize Cannabis Party attained major party status in Minnesota in 2018 when their Attorney General candidate, who dropped out of the race to support the Democratic candidate, but whose name nevertheless remained on ballots, received 5.7 percent of the vote.

In 2022, G–LC resumed minor party status, when none of their candidates got 5% of votes, which was required then for major party ballot access in Minnesota. However their candidate for Minnesota State Auditor received more than 1% of votes, in 2022, maintaining minor party status for G–LC until 2026, though the party became inactive after 2023.

Grassroots Party
The Grassroots Party was a political third party in the United States established in 1986 to oppose drug prohibition. The party shared many of the progressive values of the Farmer–Labor Party but with an emphasis on cannabis/hemp legalization issues, and the organization traced their roots to the Youth International Party of the 1960s.

The Grassroots Party was active in the U.S. states of Iowa, Minnesota, and Vermont. The party was most successful in Vermont, where they achieved major party qualification in 1996, a status which they retained for six years, until 2002.
Eight-vertex model
In statistical mechanics, the eight-vertex model is a generalization of the ice-type (six-vertex) models. It was discussed by T. Bill Sutherland and C. Fan & F. Y. Wu, and solved by Rodney Baxter in the zero-field case.

Ice-type model
In statistical mechanics, the ice-type models or six-vertex models are a family of vertex models for crystal lattices with hydrogen bonds. The first such model was introduced by Linus Pauling in 1935 to account for the residual entropy of water ice. Variants have been proposed as models of certain ferroelectric and antiferroelectric crystals.

In 1967, Elliott H. Lieb found the exact solution to a two-dimensional ice model known as "square ice". The exact solution in three dimensions is only known for a special "frozen" state.
Spanish–Portuguese diocese
The Spanish-Portuguese diocese (SPD) (Russian: Испанско-Португальская епархия) or Diocese of Madrid and Lisbon (Russian: Мадридская и Лиссабонская епархия, Spanish: Diócesis de Madrid y Lisboa) is a diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) created on 28 December 2018. The diocese is part of the Patriarchal Exarchate in Western Europe.

The primate of the SPD is Nestor (Sirotenko) who holds the title of "Archbishop of Madrid and Lisbon".

Patriarchal Exarchate in Western Europe (Moscow Patriarchate)
The Patriarchal Exarchate in Western Europe (PEWE, French: Exarchat patriarcal en Europe occidentale, Russian: Патриарший экзархат в Западной Европе) is an exarchate created by the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) on 28 December 2018.

The primate of the PEWE is Metropolitan Nestor (Sirotenko), who holds the title of "Metropolitan of Chersonesus and Western Europe".
Great Expectations (2011 TV series)
Great Expectations is a three-part BBC television drama adaptation by Sarah Phelps of the Charles Dickens’s 1861 novel of the same name, starring Ray Winstone as Magwitch, Gillian Anderson as Miss Havisham, Douglas Booth as Pip, Vanessa Kirby as Estella and David Suchet as Jaggers. The adaptation was first broadcast on British television over the Christmas period in 2011.

Anderson's casting as Miss Havisham drew attention to the production due to her being a mere 43 compared to other actresses who have played her. However, critical reception was generally positive. Maxine Audley was also only 43 when she played Miss Havisham in the 1967 BBC adaptation.

In 2012, the PBS broadcast earned the series a total of four Creative Arts Emmy Awards out of five nominations for Outstanding Art Direction, Cinematography, Costumes, and Main Title Design. The remaining nomination was for Outstanding Original Main Title Theme Music.

Great Expectations (1967 TV series)
Great Expectations is a British television series which first aired on BBC1 in 1967. It is an adaptation of the 1861 novel Great Expectations by Charles Dickens, which follows a humble orphan suddenly becoming a gentleman with the help of an unknown benefactor.

All episodes survived the BBC's routine junking and were released on DVD in 2017 by Simply Media.
Desborough Mirror
The Desborough Mirror is an intricately decorated English bronze mirror dated to c. 50 BC – 50 AD. It consists of a cast handle and a circular mirror plate, which is highly polished on its front side to achieve reflectivity. The plate's reverse is decorated with intricate engraved and chased curvilinear patterns in the La Tène style, and filled in with basket hatching.

The mirror was discovered in 1908 by workmen outside Desborough, Northamptonshire. Along with the Birdlip Mirror, it is widely considered to be the finest of the roughly 26 surviving, fully intact and decorated Iron Age bronze mirrors, the large majority of which are English. It was acquired by the British Museum in 1924, where it is displayed in room 50 (Britain and Europe 800 BC–AD 43).

Birdlip Mirror
The Birdlip Mirror is an intricately decorated ornamented bronze mirror from the late-Iron Age. It was found in 1879 near Birdlip, Gloucestershire in England, and is dated to c. 100 BC – 50 BC. It has a cast handle and a kidney-shaped mirror plate which is highly polished on its front to achieve reflectivity. The reverse contains intricate engraved and chased curvilinear patterns in the Insular La Tène style.

It was discovered alongside a silver gilt brooch, an amber necklace, and two bowls and bracelets made of bronze and silver. The objects were found next to the skeletons of a woman in her mid-30s—presumed to be its then and final owner— who had been buried alongside two men. It is believed that the woman was buried c. 50 AD. The bodies and high-quality artefacts are collectively known as the "Birdlip Grave Group".

The Birdlip Grave Group objects are now in the collection of the Museum of Gloucester.
Barbara of Saxe-Wittenberg
Barbara of Saxe-Wittenberg (1405 – 10 October 1465), from the Saxe-Wittenberg line of the House of Ascania, was the wife of John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (1406–1464), called "John the Alchemist", and mother of Dorothea (1430–1495), Queen of Denmark.

Dorothea of Brandenburg
Dorothea of Brandenburg (31 December 1430 – 10 November 1495) was Queen of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden under the Kalmar Union as the consort of first Christopher III of Denmark and later Christian I of Denmark. She served as interim regent during the interregnum in 1448 and as regent in the absence of her second spouse during his reign. She and Christian had three surviving children: John, Margaret, and Frederick, of whom John served as king of the union and both sons served as kings of Denmark and Norway.
Alien Abduction: Incident in Lake County
Alien Abduction: Incident in Lake County (Alien Abduction: The McPherson Tape in Australia) originally titled The McPherson Tape is a 1998 American pseudo-documentary horror television film directed by Dean Alioto. Originally aired on UPN on January 18, 1998. Kristian Ayre plays Tommy, a teenager in Lake County, Montana, who is making a home movie of his family's Thanksgiving dinner when they are attacked and ultimately abducted by extraterrestrials. The film is a remake of the 1989 version by the same director.

UFO Abduction (film)
UFO Abduction (aka The McPherson Tape) is a 1989 American science fiction horror, found-footage film, written, produced, and directed by Dean Alioto. The film centers on a family who are terrorized by extraterrestrials during a birthday celebration.
Stereoscopic video coding
3D video coding is one of the processing stages required to manifest stereoscopic content into a home. There are three techniques which are used to achieve stereoscopic video:

Color shifting (anaglyph)

Pixel subsampling (side-by-side, checkerboard, quincunx)

Enhanced video stream coding (2D+Delta, 2D+Metadata, 2D plus depth)

2D plus Delta
2D Plus Delta (also called 2D+Delta) is a method of encoding a 3D image and is listed as a part of MPEG2 and MPEG4 standards, specifically on the H.264 implementation of the Multiview Video Coding extension. This technology originally started as a proprietary method for Stereoscopic Video Coding and content deployment that utilizes the left or right channel as the 2D version and the optimized difference or disparity (Delta) between that image channel view and a second eye image view is injected into the video stream as user data, secondary stream, independent stream, enhancement layer or NALu for deployment. The Delta data can be either a spatial stereo disparity, temporal predictive, bidirectional, or optimized motion compensation.
Lemanskiite
Lemanskiite is a mineral that was first discovered in a mine at Abundancia mine, El Guanaco mining district, Chile, with the ideal formula of NaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl·3H2O. Originally, this mineral was discovered as being dimorphus with lavendulan, but in 2018 it was revised to only have 3 water molecules. Lemanskiite typically occurs as rosette-shaped aggregates of thin lamellar or needle-shaped aggregates, such as lammerite. Lemanskiite is dark sky blue with a light blue streak, it is brittle with an excellent cleavage plane. It was found on a dumping site in the abandoned Abundancia mine, El Guanaco mining district, Region II, Antofagasta Province, Chile  The new mineral has been named after Chester S. Lemanski, Jr. This mineral and name were then approved by the Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names of the International Mineralogical Association.

Lavendulan
Lavendulan is an uncommon arsenate mineral in the lavendulan group. It is known for its characteristic intense electric blue colour. Lavendulan is very similar to lemanskiite, the analogue trihydrate mineral, to the point of them being considered dimorphs. Lemanskiite is tetragonal, but lavendulan is monoclinic. Lavendulan has the same structure as sampleite, and the two minerals form a series. It is the calcium analogue of zdenĕkite and the arsenate analogue of sampleite.

Lavendulan was originally named for the lavender color of the "type" specimen, which has since been determined to be a mixture with no relationship to modern lavendulan. The mineral which is now called lavendulan is not a lavender blue color, and has no relationship to the "type" material from Annaberg. It often contains potassium, cobalt and nickel as impurities.
Eliezer Yudkowsky
Eliezer Shlomo Yudkowsky (/ˌɛliˈɛzər jʊdˈkaʊski/ EL-ee-EH-zər yuud-KOW-skee; born September 11, 1979) is an American artificial intelligence researcher and writer on decision theory and ethics, known for popularizing ideas related to friendly artificial intelligence. He is the founder of and a research fellow at the Machine Intelligence Research Institute (MIRI), a private research nonprofit based in Berkeley, California. His work on the prospect of a runaway intelligence explosion influenced philosopher Nick Bostrom's 2014 book Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies. He is best known for If Anyone Builds It, Everyone Dies: Why Superhuman AI Would Kill Us All, a New York Times Best Seller he co-authored with Nate Soares, as well as the Harry Potter fanfiction Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality.

Nick Bostrom
Nick Bostrom (/ˈbɒstrəm/ BOST-rəm; Swedish: Niklas Boström [ˈnɪ̌kːlas ˈbûːstrœm]; born 10 March 1973) is a philosopher known for his work on existential risk, the anthropic principle, human enhancement ethics, whole brain emulation, superintelligence risks, and the reversal test. He was the founding director of the later defunct Future of Humanity Institute at the University of Oxford and has become Principal Researcher at the Macrostrategy Research Initiative.

Bostrom is the author of Anthropic Bias: Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy (2002), Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies (2014) and Deep Utopia: Life and Meaning in a Solved World (2024).

Bostrom believes that advances in artificial intelligence (AI) may lead to superintelligence, which he defines as "any intellect that greatly exceeds the cognitive performance of humans in virtually all domains of interest". He views this as a major source of opportunities and existential risks.
York Beach, Maine
York Beach is a community within the town of York, Maine, United States. The York Beach area consists of Long Sands and Short Sands beaches on the Atlantic Ocean in the Gulf of Maine. The two beaches are separated by Cape Neddick. York Beach and Cape Neddick together comprise the Cape Neddick census-designated place, with a year-round population of 2,568 as of the 2010 census. The town of York consists of the communities of York Beach, Cape Neddick, York Harbor, and the village of York. The town is home to 12,529 residents, though rising to an estimated 52,000 during the summer months.

The 1992 American romantic comedy film Bed & Breakfast was filmed and set in York Beach.

York, Maine
York is a town in York County, Maine, United States, near the southern tip of the state. The population in the 2020 census was 13,723. Situated beside the Atlantic Ocean on the Gulf of Maine, York is a well-known summer resort town. It is home to three 18-hole golf clubs, four sandy beaches, and Mount Agamenticus. From south to north, it is divided into the villages of Bald Head, York Village, York Harbor, York Beach and Cape Neddick.

York is part of the Portland metropolitan area.
WBPE (FM)
WBPE (95.3 MHz, "95.3 BOB FM") is an FM radio station in Lafayette, Indiana, United States, owned by William Fielder, III's Coastal Television, through licensee CTI License LLC, as part of a cluster with Fox/NBC affiliate WPBI-LD, ABC affiliate WPBY-LD, and sister radio stations WSHY, WYCM and WAZY-FM. The station's studios are located at 3824 South 18th Street in Lafayette.

WYCM
WYCM (95.7 FM "MeTV Music 95.7") is a radio station in Lafayette, Indiana, owned by William Fielder, III's Coastal Television, through licensee CTI License LLC, as part of a cluster with Fox/NBC affiliate WPBI-LD, ABC affiliate WPBY-LD, and sister radio stations WBPE, WSHY and WAZY-FM. The studios are located at 3824 South 18th Street in Lafayette with the tower facility located in rural eastern Warren County, IN near Greenhill, Indiana.
National Highway 748 (India)
National Highway 748 (NH 748) is a National Highway in India that starts from Belgaum in Karnataka and ends at Panaji in North Goa district. Panaji to Belgaum highway via mollem and anmod ghat road condition. 153 km (95 mi) long, of which 82 km (51 mi) is in Karnataka and 71 km (44 mi) is in Goa. It is a spur road of National Highway 48.

National Highway 48 (India)
National Highway 48 (NH 48) is a major National Highway of India that starts at Delhi and terminates at Chennai, traversing through seven states of India. It has a total length of 2807 km (1744 miles). NH 48 passes through the states of Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. The stretch between Pune and Bengaluru was known as P.B. Road in olden days.

Its stretch from Delhi to Mumbai was earlier designated as NH 8, and the stretch between Mumbai and Chennai was designated, NH 4 before all the national highways were renumbered in the year 2010.
Vanessa Bryant
Vanessa Marie Bryant (born Vanessa Urbieta Cornejo; May 5, 1982) is a Mexican-American businesswoman and philanthropist. She was married to American professional basketball player Kobe Bryant. Following the death of her husband and daughter Gianna in a January 26, 2020, helicopter crash in Calabasas, California, Bryant filed a lawsuit against Los Angeles County, which was settled in 2023.

In 2007, she and her husband founded the Kobe and Vanessa Bryant Foundation to provide scholarships to minority college students worldwide. She also leads the Mamba and Mambacita Sports Foundation, which supports underserved child athletes.

Gianna Bryant
Gianna Maria-Onore Bryant (May 1, 2006 – January 26, 2020), also known as Gigi Bryant and Mambacita, was an American student-athlete and the daughter of former professional basketball player Kobe Bryant. Along with her father and seven others, Bryant died in a helicopter crash in January 2020 at age 13.
Dyfed Archaeological Trust
The Dyfed Archaeological Trust (Welsh: Ymddiriedolaeth Archaeolegol Dyfed) was one of the four Welsh Archaeological Trusts established in the mid-1970s and dissolved in 2024 when it became Heneb, an archaeological organisation covering all of Wales.

Welsh Archaeological Trusts
The Welsh Archaeological Trusts (Welsh: Ymddiriedolaethau Archaeolegol Cymru) were the four archaeological organisations covering Wales, from their establishment in the mid-1970s until their merger into a single archaeological organisation, Heneb, in 2024.
Emera
Emera Incorporated is a publicly traded Canadian multinational energy holding company based in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Created in 1998 during the privatization of Nova Scotia Power, a provincial Crown corporation, Emera now invests in regulated electricity generation as well as transmission and distribution across North America and the Caribbean.

Nova Scotia Power
Nova Scotia Power Inc. is a vertically integrated electric utility in Nova Scotia, Canada. It is privately owned by Emera and regulated by the provincial government via the Nova Scotia Utility and Review Board (NSUARB). Nova Scotia Power provides electricity to 520,000 residential, commercial and industrial customers in Nova Scotia.
Metre–tonne–second system of units
The metre–tonne–second (MTS) system of units was invented in France (hence the derived unit names sthène and pièze) where it became the legal system between 1919 and 1961. It was adopted by the Soviet Union in 1933 and abolished there in 1955. It was a coherent metric system of units, much as SI (itself a refinement of the MKS system) and the centimetre–gram–second system (CGS), but with larger units for industrial use, whereas the CGS system was regarded as only really suitable for laboratory use.

MKS units
The metre, kilogram, second system of units, also known more briefly as MKS units or the MKS system, is a physical system of measurement based on the metre, kilogram, and second (MKS) as base units. Distances are described in terms of metres, mass in terms of kilograms and time in seconds. Derived units are defined using the appropriate combinations, such as velocity in metres per second. Some units have their own names, such as the newton unit of force which is defined as kilogram times metres per second squared.

The modern International System of Units (SI, from the French name Système international d'unités) was originally created as a formalization of the MKS system. The SI has been redefined several times since then and is now based entirely on fundamental physical constants, but still closely approximates the original MKS units for most practical purposes.
MKT Trail
The MKT Nature and Fitness Trail is a recreational rail trail in Columbia, Missouri, that runs nine miles (14 km) in the right-of-way of the former Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad. Developed from 1982 onward, it is a spur of the longest rail trail in the United States, the Katy Trail. It is open for use by hikers, joggers, and cyclists year-round, from sunrise to sunset, with snow covering in the winter offering users cross-country skiing opportunities. The trail is made up of "limestone pug" (crushed limestone), creating a hard, flat surface. The trail follows Flat Branch Creek and Hinkson Creek for much of their distance and is part of a larger system of recreational pathways in the Columbia Metropolitan Area.

Katy Trail State Park
The Katy Trail State Park is a state park in the U.S. state of Missouri that contains the Katy Trail, the country's longest continuous recreational rail trail. It runs 240 miles (390 km), largely along the northern bank of the Missouri River, in the former right-of-way of the Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad. Open year-round from sunrise to sunset, it serves hikers, joggers, and cyclists. Its hard, flat surface is of "limestone pug" (crushed limestone).

The nickname "Katy" comes from the phonetic pronunciation of "KT", a short form of the railroad's abbreviated name, MKT. Sections of the Katy are also part of the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail and the American Discovery Trail.
Oteil Burbridge
Oteil Burbridge (born August 24, 1964) is an American multi-instrumentalist, specializing on the bass guitar, trained in playing jazz and classical music from an early age. He has achieved fame primarily on bass guitar during the resurgence of the Allman Brothers Band from 1997 through 2014, and as a founding member of the band Dead & Company. Burbridge was also a founding member of The Aquarium Rescue Unit and Tedeschi Trucks Band, with whom his brother Kofi Burbridge was the keyboardist and flautist.  He has worked with other musicians including Bruce Hampton, Trey Anastasio, Page McConnell, Bill Kreutzmann and Derek Trucks.

Burbridge has been recognized for his ability to incorporate scat-singing into his improvised bass solos. Burbridge endorses Fodera, Modulus, Sukop and Dunlop guitars and effects. He is ranked 64th on Bass Player magazine's list of "The 100 Greatest Bass Players of All Time".

Bruce Hampton
Bruce Hampton (born Gustav Valentine Berglund III; April 30, 1947 – May 1, 2017) was an American musician. He was a key figure in the Atlanta music scene, mentoring numerous other musicians who became national stars.  His own musical style was avant-garde, combining elements of jazz, fusion, southern rock, and jam band styles.

He first rose to prominence as the leader of the Hampton Grease Band. Adopting the moniker Colonel Hampton B. Coles, Retired or alternatively Col. Bruce Hampton Ret., and sometimes playing a sort of dwarf guitar called a "chazoid", he later formed several other bands, some of whose names include The Late Bronze Age, The Aquarium Rescue Unit, The Fiji Mariners, The Codetalkers, The Quark Alliance, Pharaoh Gummitt, and Madrid Express.
Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria
Maria Maddalena of Austria (German: Maria Magdalena von Österreich, Italian: Maria Maddalena d'Austria; 7 October 1589 – 1 November 1631) was Grand Duchess of Tuscany by her marriage to Cosimo II in 1609 until his death in 1621. With him, she had eight children, including a duchess of Parma, a grand duke of Tuscany, and an archduchess of Further Austria. Born in Graz, Maria Magdalena was the youngest daughter of Charles II, Archduke of Inner Austria, and his wife Maria Anna of Bavaria. During the minority of her son, Grand Duke Ferdinando, she and her mother-in-law acted as regents from 1621 to 1628. She died on 1 November 1631 in Passau.

Ferdinando II de' Medici
Ferdinando II de' Medici (14 July 1610 – 23 May 1670) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1621 to 1670. He was the eldest son of Cosimo II de' Medici and Maria Maddalena of Austria. Remembered by his contemporaries as a man of culture and science, he actively participated in the Accademia del Cimento, the first official scientific society in Italy, formed by his younger brother, Leopoldo de' Medici. His 49-year rule was punctuated by the beginning of Tuscany's long economic decline, which was further exacerbated by his successor, Cosimo III de' Medici. He married Vittoria della Rovere, a first cousin, with whom he had two children who reached adulthood: the aforementioned Cosimo III, and Francesco Maria de' Medici, Duke of Rovere and Montefeltro, a cardinal.