hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gong'an fiction
Gong'an or crime-case fiction (Chinese: 公案小说) is a subgenre of Chinese crime fiction involving government magistrates who solve criminal cases. Gong'an fiction first appeared in the colloquial stories of the Song dynasty. Gong'an fiction developed into one of the most popular genres of the Ming and Qing dynasties. The Judge Dee and Judge Bao stories are the best known examples of the genre.

Judge Dee
Judge Dee, or Judge Di, is a semi-fictional character based on the historical figure Di Renjie, county magistrate and statesman of the Tang court. The character appeared in the 18th-century Chinese detective and gong'an crime novel Di Gong An. After Robert van Gulik came across it in an antiquarian book store in Tokyo, he translated the novel into English and then used the style and characters to write his own original Judge Dee historical mystery stories.

The series is set in Tang dynasty China and deals with criminal cases solved by the upright and shrewd Judge Dee, who as county magistrate in the Chinese imperial legal system was both the investigating magistrate and judge.
Institute of Technology, Tralee
The Institute of Technology, Tralee (IT Tralee; Irish: Institiúid Teicneolaíochta Thrá Lí) was an institute of technology, located in Tralee, Ireland. It was established in 1977 as the Regional Technical College, Tralee. In January 2021, itself and the Cork Institute of Technology were dissolved to become the Munster Technological University, Ireland's second technological university.

Munster Technological University
Munster Technological University (MTU; Irish: Ollscoil Teicneolaíochta na Mumhan) is a public technological university consisting of six campuses located in Cork city and County Kerry. The university was established in January 2021, the result of a merger between two institutes of technology, Cork Institute of Technology and the Institute of Technology, Tralee. Its creation was announced in May 2020. It accommodates more than 18,000 students and over 2,000 members of staff.

It is Ireland's second technological university, after Technological University Dublin.
Henry Collins (official)
Henry Hill Collins Jr. (1905–1961) was an American government official in the New Deal National Recovery Administration in the 1930s and later the Agricultural Adjustment Administration. He was a member of the Communist Party USA (CPUSA) and the Washington D.C.–based Ware group, along with Alger Hiss, Lee Pressman, Harry Dexter White and others.  He was also a "pioneer in the compiling of ornithological field guides."

Ware Group
The Ware Group was a covert organization of Communist Party USA operatives within the United States government in the 1930s, run first by Harold Ware (1889–1935) and then by Whittaker Chambers (1901–1961) after Ware's accidental death on August 13, 1935.
Pensacola Historic District
The Pensacola Historic District (also known as the Seville Historic District) is a U.S. historic district (designated as such on September 29, 1970) located in Pensacola, Florida.

The district is roughly bounded by Bayfront Parkway, Tarragona, Romana and Cevallos Streets. Within the district are the Historic Pensacola Village, the Pensacola Museum of History and Seville Square. Seville Square and its twin Plaza Ferdinand VII were the parade grounds for the Fort of Pensacola established during British rule. A site to the northeast of the Pensacola Historic District on the Pensacola Bay is the earliest known European settlement on the North American continent, dating to 1559.

Pensacola Museum of History
The Pensacola Museum of History at the University of West Florida, formerly the T. T. Wentworth Jr. Florida State Museum, is a museum of history located at 330 Jefferson Street in the Plaza Ferdinand VII in Pensacola, Florida. It is part of the Historic Pensacola Village museum complex. The building, reminiscent of the Alamo mission style, was built in 1907 as the Pensacola City Hall and served as such until 1985 when the present city hall was built at 180 Governmental Center, also known as 222 West Main Street. In 1989, the building was listed as the Pensacola City Hall in A Guide to Florida's Historic Architecture, published by the University of Florida Press.
Goodmayes railway station
Goodmayes railway station is on the Great Eastern Main Line serving the district of Goodmayes in the London Borough of Redbridge, east London. It is 9 miles 23 chains (14.9 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street and is situated between Seven Kings and Chadwell Heath. Its three-letter station code is GMY, and it is in London fare zone 4.

The station was opened in 1901 by the Great Eastern Railway. It is managed and served by the Elizabeth line.

Seven Kings railway station
Seven Kings railway station is on the Great Eastern Main Line, serving the district of Seven Kings in the London Borough of Redbridge, east London. It is 8 miles 46 chains (13.8 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street and is situated between Ilford and Goodmayes. Its three-letter station code is SVK and it is in London fare zone 4. The station was opened on 1 March 1899 by the Great Eastern Railway. It is currently managed by the Elizabeth line, which operates services between Shenfield and Heathrow Terminal 5.
Innovation Academy Charter School
Innovation Academy Charter School (IACS) is a small charter school in Tyngsborough, Massachusetts, United States. The school was founded in 1996, under the name Chelmsford Public Charter School by a small group of parents from Chelmsford, Massachusetts. While initially a middle school serving only the town of Chelmsford, IACS has since expanded, establishing a high school and serving multiple towns within Massachusetts.

Tyngsborough, Massachusetts
Tyngsborough (also spelled Tyngsboro) is a town in northern Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Tyngsborough is 28 miles (45 km) from Boston along the Route 3 corridor, and located on the New Hampshire state line. At the 2020 census, the town population was 12,380.  By its location, the town serves as a suburb of neighboring cities such as Nashua, New Hampshire and Lowell, Massachusetts.
Camp Bullis
Camp Bullis Military Training Reservation is a U.S. Army training camp comprising 27,990 acres (113.3 km2) in Bexar County, Texas, United States, just northwest of San Antonio. Camp Bullis provides base operations support and training support to Joint Base San Antonio. The camp is named for Brigadier General John L. Bullis.

Camp Bullis and Camp Stanley make up the Leon Springs Military Reservation. Camp Bullis is used primarily as maneuvering grounds for U.S. Army, Air Force, and Marine combat units. It is also used as a field-training site for the various medical units stationed at Brooke Army Medical Center in nearby Fort Sam Houston.

Fort Sam Houston
Fort Sam Houston is a U.S. Army post in San Antonio, Texas. Known colloquially as "Fort Sam", it is named for the first president of the Republic of Texas, Sam Houston.

The installation's missions include serving as the command headquarters for United States Army North, United States Army South, the Army Medical Command (MEDCOM) headquarters, the Army Medical Department (AMEDD) Center and School, the Fifth Recruiting Brigade, Navy Regional Recruiting, the San Antonio Military Entrance and Processing Station, and the Medical Education and Training Campus (METC). On 1 October 2010, Fort Sam Houston joined Lackland Air Force Base and Randolph Air Force Base to create Joint Base San Antonio, under Air Force administration.
Midland Provisional Battalion
The Midland Provisional Battalion (also known as The Midland Battalion) was a military unit of the Non-Permanent Active Militia of the Canadian Militia (now the Canadian Army) from Eastern Ontario, Canada, which fought in the North-West Rebellion of 1885. Placed under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel A.T.H. Williams of the 46th East Durham Battalion, the battalion consisted of around 370 officers and men by grouping together 8 companies from 7 different Canadian Militia infantry battalions from Eastern Ontario and served during the conflict in General Middleton’s Column of the North West Field Force. The battalion most notably served at the Battle of Batoche, where fighting alongside the 10th Royal Grenadiers and with support from the 90th Winnipeg Rifles, the battalion charged and captured the Métis rifle pits. After the end of the rebellion, the battalion was disbanded in the same year.

Arthur Trefusis Heneage Williams
Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Trefusis Heneage Williams MP (June 13, 1837 – July 4, 1885) was a Canadian businessman, farmer and political figure. His statue stands in front of the town hall of Port Hope, Ontario.
Maróczy Bind
In chess, the Maróczy Bind (Hungarian: [ˈmɒroːt͡si]) is a term alternately used to refer to an opening or its associated pawn structure, named for the Hungarian grandmaster Géza Maróczy.  When the Bind is discussed as an opening, it is defined as 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 g6 5.c4.  The Maróczy Bind opening is a continuation of the Sicilian Defence, Accelerated Dragon, where 5.c4 is the characteristic move.

When the Maróczy Bind is discussed as a pawn structure, attention is paid to strategic plans of both sides, as required by the placement of pawns.  Chess writers also note the possibility for the same or similar pawn structure to arise by transposition, especially via the English Opening or the King's Indian Defense.  In the Maróczy pawn structure, White's c- and e-pawns control the d5-square, making it difficult for Black to open their position with ...d5.  Instead, Black often settles for the less active ...d6 and may develop a Hedgehog pawn formation against the Bind.

Hedgehog (chess)
The Hedgehog is a pawn formation in chess adopted usually by Black that can arise from several openings. Black exchanges the pawn on c5 for White's pawn on d4, and then places pawns on the squares a6, b6, d6, and e6. These pawns form a row of "spines" behind which Black develops their forces. Typically, the bishops are placed on b7 and e7, knights on d7 and f6, queen on c7, and rooks on c8 and e8 (or c8 and d8). Although Black's position is cramped, it has great latent energy, which may be released if Black is able to play ...b5 or ...d5 at some point. These pawn breaks are particularly effective because White usually places pawns on c4 and e4 (the Maróczy Bind).
Thrillist
Thrillist is an online media website covering travel. Thrillist was founded in 2004 by Ben Lerer and Adam Rich. In October 2016, Thrillist merged with internet brands The Dodo, NowThis, and Seeker to form the digital media holding company Group Nine Media, which was acquired by Vox Media in 2022. Thrillist covers national and international travel and experiences, spanning service guides and news, and, as of 2023, 18 cities across the United States.

Group Nine Media
Group Nine Media was an American digital media holding company based in New York City. The company comprises  Thrillist, NowThis, The Dodo, and Seeker. The four brands, and former brand SourceFed, merged to form Group Nine Media in October 2016. In October 2019, Group Nine Media acquired PopSugar. In December 2020, Group Nine formed its own corporate SPAC to use the public funding for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination. In December 2021, Vox Media announced its intention to acquire Group Nine. The transaction was completed in February 2022, and Group Nine was folded into Vox Media.
Albury, Oxfordshire
Albury is a village in the civil parish of Tiddington-with-Albury, in the South Oxfordshire district, in Oxfordshire, England, about 5 miles (8 km) west of Thame.

In 1931 the parish had a population of 36. On 1 April 1932 the parish was abolished and merged with Tiddington to form "Tiddington with Albury".

Tiddington, Oxfordshire
Tiddington is a village in the civil parish of Tiddington-with-Albury, in the South Oxfordshire district, in Oxfordshire, England. It is about 3+1⁄2 miles (5.6 km) west of Thame, on the A418 road between Thame and Oxford. The 2011 Census recorded Tiddington-with-Albury's population as 683. Tiddington is on the county boundary with Buckinghamshire. It was a manor and hamlet of the parish of Albury, although for most of its history it has been a larger place than Albury. In 1866 Tiddington became a separate civil parish, on 1 April 1932 the parish was merged with Albury to form "Tiddington with Albury". In 1931 the parish had a population of 163.
Initial Point (Oklahoma)
Initial Point, on the boundary of Garvin County, Oklahoma and Murray County, Oklahoma, about 7.5 miles (12.1 km) west of Davis, Oklahoma, is a historic surveying initial point which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.

It includes one contributing object, a sandstone marker monument approximately 54x18x18 in dimension.  It was set "in a mound of stones six feet in diameter and three feet high, from which flagstaff at Fort Arbuckle bears north seven degrees, thirty-seven minutes west."

Initial Point, or the "Point of Beginning," was established by United States General Land Office surveyors in 1870.  From this point all land in Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory, and later the State of Oklahoma except for its Panhandle, was surveyed and described. It is considered one of the notable initial points in the United States.

At the time of its establishment, Initial Point was located in Pickens County, Chickasaw Nation.

Initial point
In surveying, an initial point is a datum (a specific point on the surface of the earth) that marks the beginning point for a cadastral survey. The initial point establishes a local geographic coordinate system for the surveys that refer to that point.

An initial point is defined by the intersection of a principal meridian and a base line.
Dunbartonshire
55°58′N 4°32′W﻿ / ﻿55.96°N 4.53°W﻿ / 55.96; -4.53

Dunbartonshire (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Dhùn Breatann) or the County of Dumbarton is a historic county, lieutenancy area and registration county in the west central Lowlands of Scotland lying to the north of the River Clyde. Dunbartonshire borders Perthshire to the north, Stirlingshire to the east, Lanarkshire and Renfrewshire to the south, and Argyllshire to the west.

The county covered a similar area to the earldom and later duchy of Lennox. The historic county gives its name to two of Scotland's modern council areas, being East Dunbartonshire and West Dunbartonshire.

Stirlingshire
Stirlingshire or the County of Stirling (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Sruighlea [ˈʃirˠəxk ˈs̪t̪ɾuʝlə]) is a historic county and registration county of Scotland. Its county town is Stirling.

It borders Perthshire to the north, Clackmannanshire to the east, West Lothian to the south-east, Lanarkshire to the south, and Dunbartonshire to the south and south-west (this latter boundary is split in two owing to Dunbartonshire's Cumbernauld exclave).
Good spanning tree
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a good spanning tree   of an embedded planar graph  is a rooted spanning tree of   whose non-tree edges satisfy the following conditions.

there is no non-tree edge  where  and  lie on a path from the root of   to a leaf,

the edges incident to a vertex  can be divided by three sets  and , where,
 is a set of non-tree edges, they terminate in red zone
 is a set of tree edges, they are children of 
 is a set of  non-tree edges, they terminate in green zone

Spanning tree
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a spanning tree T of an undirected graph G is a subgraph that is a tree which includes all of the vertices of G. In general, a graph may have several spanning trees, but a graph that is not connected will not contain a spanning tree (see about spanning forests below). If all of the edges of G are also edges of a spanning tree T of G, then G is a tree and is identical to T (that is, a tree has a unique spanning tree and it is itself).
Francisco de Cortés Hojea
Francisco Cortés Ojea (also spelled Hojea or Ojeda) was a 16th-century Spanish sailor and explorer who took part in the first expeditions sent from the General Captaincy of Chile to the Strait of Magellan. The times and places of his birth and death have not been documented.

He was a map-maker with the expedition of Francisco de Ulloa sent in 1553 by the governor of Chile to survey the southern coast of the country and the Strait of Magellan. He later commanded the San Sebastián under the orders of captain Juan Ladrillero in the expedition sent in 1557 by governor García Hurtado de Mendoza.

Juan Ladrillero
Juan Ladrillero (b. c. 1490 in Moguer – 1574) was a 16th-century Spanish navigator and explorer who from 1557 to 1559 explored the coast of Chile from Valdivia (39° 48’ S) to the Barbara Channel (54° S, between Clarence Island and Santa Ines Island). He was the first to navigate the Strait of Magellan from its western entrance to its eastern and back again.
Texas State Highway Spur 601
Texas State Highway Spur 601 or Spur 601 is a 7.4-mile-long (11.9 km) freeway spur route in El Paso County in the U.S. State of Texas. It runs from U.S. Route 54 (US 54) in El Paso eastward to Loop 375 in the Fort Bliss Military Reservation. The construction of this freeway improved access to Biggs Army Airfield and Fort Bliss. The route is officially known as the Liberty Expressway.

Texas State Highway Loop 375
Loop 375 is a beltway that partially encircles the city of El Paso, Texas. The beltway is mostly a freeway, except for its northern section, which includes at-grade intersections. The highway passes through various areas of El Paso, funneling traffic within and around the city. The road is known locally under different names, as Woodrow Bean Transmountain Drive in the northern section, Purple Heart Memorial Freeway in the northeastern section, Joe Battle Boulevard in the eastern section, the César Chávez Border Highway in the southern section, and the Border West Expressway on the southwest section.
Kingsley A. Taft
Kingsley Arter Taft (July 19, 1903 – March 28, 1970) was an American politician and distant relative of Ohio's more famous Taft family. He served as chief justice of the Ohio Supreme Court and also served briefly as a United States senator. Kingsley's father, Frederick Lovett Taft, II was also a noted figure in the Ohio legal profession.

Frederick L. Taft
Frederick Lovett Taft (December 1, 1870 –  April 7, 1913) was an American lawyer and judge in Ohio. A member of the Taft family and a distant relative of President William Howard Taft, he was one of the leading political and legal men of the city of Cleveland and the state of Ohio from 1896 until his death in April 1913.
Shōchō
Shōchō (正長) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Ōei and before Eikyō, from April 1428 until September 1429. The reigning emperors were Shōkō-tennō (称光天皇) and Go-Hanazono-tennō (後花園天皇).

Emperor Go-Hanazono
Emperor Go-Hanazono (後花園天皇, Go-Hanazono-tennō) (July 10, 1419 – January 18, 1471) was the 102nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1428 through 1464.

This 15th-century sovereign was named after the 14th-century Emperor Hanazono and go- (後) translates as "later", and thus, he could be called the "Later Emperor Hanazono", or in some older sources, may be identified as "Hanazono, the second" or as "Hanazono II".
Saidai-ji
Saidai-ji (西大寺) is a Buddhist temple located in the Saidiaji-Shiba neighborhood of the city of Nara, Nara Prefecture, Japan. It became the head temple of the Shingon Risshu (真言律宗)  sect after the sect's founder, Eison (叡尊), took over administration in 1238. The honzon of the temple is a statue of Shaka Nyorai, enshrined by Eison in 1249. The temple was once one of the powerful Seven Great Temples of the ancient capital of Heijō-kyō.

Nanto Shichi Daiji
Nanto Shichi Daiji (南都七大寺), literally "the seven great temples of the southern capital (meaning the city of Nara)", is a historical common name generally referring to the powerful and influential seven Buddhist temples located in the Nara prefecture. There have been some changes as to which temples are included over the years, since there have been fluctuations in power. The following is a list as it stood at the early stage, all of which were originally built by imperial order:

Daian-ji (大安寺)

Gangō-ji (元興寺)

Hōryū-ji (法隆寺) (located close to the border of modern Nara city, in the town of Ikaruga, Nara)

Kōfuku-ji (興福寺)

Saidai-ji (西大寺)

Tōdai-ji (東大寺)

Yakushi-ji (薬師寺)

Sometimes the temples were called "the fifteen great temples of the southern capital" too, including other prestigious temples such as Tōshōdai-ji (唐招提寺) and Hokke-ji (法華寺).
Bodyguard Kiba (1973 film)
Bodyguard Kiba (ボディガード牙) is a 1973 Japanese martial arts film starring Sonny Chiba. It is based on an action manga by Ikki Kajiwara.

A recut version was released in the United States in 1976 as The Bodyguard, with added footage in the first ten minutes of the film.

Bodyguard Kiba was followed by the sequel Bodigaado Kiba: Hissatsu sankaku tobi, released later that same year. There were then three more film adaptations with Takeshi Yamato in the role of Kiba released in 1993, 1994, and 1995 by Takashi Miike at the beginning of his career.

Bodyguard Kiba 2 (1973 film)
Bodyguard Kiba 2 (ボディガード牙 必殺三角飛び), also known as Bodyguard Kiba 2, is a 1973 Japanese martial arts film starring Sonny Chiba. It is the sequel to the earlier 1973 film Bodyguard Kiba based on an action manga by Ikki Kajiwara. Etsuko Shihomi makes her screen acting debut, replacing actress Yayoi Watanabe in the role of Naoto Kiba's sister Maki. Shihomi had previously worked as a stunt double for Watanabe in the earlier film Bodyguard Kiba. The movie is also considered a break-through for Masashi Ishibashi, who would be asked by Sonny Chiba to play a major role in the 1974 movie The Street Fighter.
Mike Stratton
David Michael Stratton (April 10, 1941 – March 25, 2020) was an American professional football player who was a linebacker for 12 seasons in the American Football League (AFL) and National Football League (NFL). He won two AFL championships with the Buffalo Bills, where he was a six-time AFL All-Star. He was named to the AFL All-Time Second Team.

Stratton played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers. He played professionally for 11 years with the Bills and spent his final season with the San Diego Chargers. He won two AFL championships with the Bills in 1964 and 1965, with his tackle of Keith Lincoln in the former game being referred to as “The Hit Heard ‘Round the World”. His contributions as a team leader of a defense that allowed just seven points each in consecutive championship games as resulted in him being called one of the best defensive players in Bills history.

Keith Lincoln
Keith Payson Lincoln (May 8, 1939 – July 27, 2019) was an American professional football player who was a halfback for eight seasons in the American Football League (AFL), primarily with the San Diego Chargers.  He played college football for the Washington State Cougars. Lincoln was a two-time All-AFL selection and a five-time AFL All-Star. A member of the Chargers Hall of Fame, he won an AFL championship with the Chargers in 1963, when he was named the most valuable player (MVP) of the championship game. He had a stint with the Buffalo Bills before returning to San Diego and finishing his career.
Doburoku Matsuri
Doburoku Matsuri or Doburoku Festival is a festival held at shrines and other places where doburoku is served. Doburoku is a Japanese sake that  holds religious significance. Sanctified Doburoku is called Omiki and is accompanied by a series of rituals.

In Japan, it has been customary since ancient times to make doburoku and offer it to the gods to bring a good harvest in the coming year. Move than 40 shrines hold Doburoku Matsuri. As a rule, it is forbidden to take doburoku out of the premises of a Shinto shrine.

Omiki
Omiki (お神酒) is an offering of sake or other alcoholic drinks offered to gods in Japanese Shinto.

Sake is often consumed as part of Shinto purification rituals. People drink omiki with gods to communicate with them and to solicit rich harvests the following year.