hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Umm Qarn
Umm Qarn (Arabic: أم قرن) is a Qatari village in the municipality of Al Daayen. Located just off Al Shamal Highway, the village hosts the municipal office and currently serves as the municipality's administrative seat.

Al Daayen
Al Daayen (Arabic: الضعاين [ALA-LC: al-Ḍaʻāyin; Wehr: aḍ-ḍaʿāyin]; also spelled as الظعاين [ALA-LC: al-Ẓaʻāyin; Wehr: aẓ-ẓaʿāyin]) is a municipality in Qatar. Most of the urban landscape can be found in the southern zone of the municipality, particularly in the city of Lusail, while the northern and central sections are primarily rural. It is one of the fastest growing municipalities in Qatar due to its close proximity to the capital Doha.

Umm Qarn hosts the municipal office and serves as the municipality's administrative seat.
Kurumchi culture
The Kurumchi culture or the "Kurumchi blacksmiths" (Russian: Курумчинские кузнецы) were the earliest Iron Age archaeological culture of Lake Baikal. Bernhard Petri proposed their existence in the 1920s, speculating that they were the progenitors of the Sakha people. Later, from the 1940s until 1970s, Alexey Okladnikov continued research on the Kurumchi. Renewed research that began in the 1980s into the Kurumchi expanded scholarly understanding of their society.

Bernhard Eduardovich Petri
Bernhard Eduardovich Petri (Russian: Бернгард Эдуардович Петри; 17 September 1884 – 25 November 1937) was a Russian anthropologist and archaeologist. Petri organized archeology and ethnographic expeditions to Lake Baikal, while employed by the Kunstkamera during the 1910s.

Iron artifacts were discovered and used to propose the Kurumchi culture as the first Iron Age society of Baikalia. Petri became a professor at the Irkutsk State University and taught about the ancient history of the, Indigenous peoples of Siberia. He documented the cultures of several reindeer herding societies across the East Siberian taiga for Institute of the Peoples of the North throughout the 1920s and 1930s.

In 1937 Petri was executed by the NKVD during the Great Purge.
GMK (producer)
Abdulqudus King, better known as GMK, is a Nigerian record producer, sound engineer, rapper, songwriter singer and songwriter. He is best known for producing Bridge's "Needy", and "Searching", Cruel Santino's "Gangsta Fear", Lady Donli's "Cash", BOJ's "Awolowo", "Bill Up", and "Assignment", and Burna Boy's "Different". The Grammy-nominated Best World Music Album African Giant by Burna Boy in 2019, earned him a special recognition from The Recording Academy. He is signed to Warner Chappell Music, and Love Renaissance.

He is a member of the Monster Boys collective, with Cruel Santino, and music producers Genio Bambino.

Cruel Santino
Osayaba Andrew Ize-Iyamu, better known by his stage name Cruel Santino, (born June 3, 1992) is a Nigerian alternative singer-songwriter, rapper and director. He is a member of Monster Boys collective, with music producers Genio Bambino, and GMK. He was signed to Interscope Records, in partnership with Monster Boy, and Warner Chappell Music. Santino's debut into the music scene was met with critical acclaim when he released his studio album Mandy & The Jungle, introducing the alté fashion, and music, into the mainstream, notably with his track "Rapid Fire".
Tower and walls of the Borgias
38°57′22.47″N 0°35′22.03″W﻿ / ﻿38.9562417°N 0.5894528°W﻿ / 38.9562417; -0.5894528

The Tower and walls of the Borgias of the Valencian municipality of Canals (Spain), is a Bien de Interés Cultural with the code 46.23.081-003 and Ministerial annotation R-I-51-0010524 with date April 3, 2000. Is also known in valencian as Torreta de Canals.

Canals, Spain
Canals is a municipality (pop., INE 2007: 13,771) in the comarca of Costera in the Valencian Community, Spain.

It shares borders with the municipalities of  l'Alcúdia de Crespins, Cerdà, la Granja de la Costera, Xàtiva, Llanera de Ranes, Montesa, Torrella and Vallés (in the same comarca) and with Aielo de Malferit and l'Olleria (comarca of Vall d'Albaida).
Julian Scott
{{Infobox military person
|name=Julian A. Scott
|birth_date= (1846-02-14)February 14, 1846
|death_date= July 4, 1901(1901-07-04) (aged 55)
|image=Julian-scott-cdv.JPG
|caption=
|nickname=
|birth_place=Johnson, Vermont, US
|death_place=Plainfield, New Jersey, US
|allegiance= [[United StatesUnion
|branch= United States Army]]Union Army
|serviceyears= 1861 - 1863
|rank= Drummer
|unit= 3rd Vermont Infantry
|commands=
|battles=American Civil War*Battle of Lee's Mills
|awards=Medal of Honor
|relations=
|laterwork=
}}
Julian A. Scott (February 14, 1846 – July 4, 1901), was born in Johnson, Vermont, and served as a Union Army drummer during the American Civil War, where he received America's highest military decoration the Medal of Honor for his actions at the Battle of Lee's Mills. He was also an American painter and Civil War artist.

3rd Vermont Infantry Regiment
The 3rd Vermont Infantry Regiment was a three-years infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It served in the eastern theater, predominantly in the VI Corps, Army of the Potomac, from July 1861 to July 1865. It was a member of the Vermont Brigade.
Cretatriacanthidae
Cretatriacanthidae is an extinct family of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish from the Late Cretaceous. It contains two genera, both known from southern Europe.

Placed in the suborder Plectocretacicoidei alongside several other similar Cretaceous fish genera, they were long considered the earliest members of the extant order Tetraodontiformes. However, a 2024 study found that many of the alleged shared traits were also found among other acanthomorph lineages, and that other traits present within the Plectocretacicoidei are not known from modern Tetraodontiformes. For this reason, it considered them instead as basal members of an expanded Acanthuriformes (containing Tetraodontiformes and Lophiiformes as superorders, among others).

Plectocretacicoidei
Plectocretacicoidei is an extinct suborder of Actinopterygii belonging to the order Tetraodontiformes, which includes the triggerfishes, filefishes, pufferfishes and related groups.

The fishes in this suborder were extant from the Late Cretaceous (Santonian to Campanian) of Italy and Slovenia, both in the former Tethyan region, and are regarded as basal Tetraodontiformes.

The classification of the Plectocretacicoidei as a sister group to the Tetraodontiformes has been challenged and many of the characteristics which were used to suggest a close relationship to the Tetraodontiformes are shared with the Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes, and the Lophiiformes and Tetraodontiformes share derived characteristics which are not present in the Plectocretacicoidei. The authors of this study suggest that the taxa included within Plectocretacicoidei are basal members of the Percomorpha.
Kanchanaphisek Bridge
The Kanchanaphisek Bridge (Thai: สะพานกาญจนาภิเษก) is a cable stayed bridge crossing the Chao Phraya river in Samut Prakan Province, Thailand. It is part of the Outer Ring Road encircling Bangkok. The bridge was opened to traffic on 15 November 2007 and has a main span of 500 meters. the bridge's name was bestowed by King Bhumibol Adulyadej following the Golden Jubilee celebrations, 'Kanchanaphisek Road', meaning 'Golden Jubilee Bridge'. The bridge is 52 meters above sea level to allow cargo vessels to enter and exit. The bridge is the first bridge in Samut Prakan Province across the Chao Phraya River that connects Phra Pradaeng District on the east and west side.

The bridge was designed by Parsons Brinckerhoff. The bridge is part of the Kanchanaphisek Expressway, There is a toll for its use.

Kanchanaphisek Road
Kanchanaphisek Road (Thai: ถนนกาญจนาภิเษก), also known as the Bangkok Outer Ring Road (Thai: ถนนวงแหวนรอบนอกกรุงเทพมหานคร) is a highway in Thailand, connecting Bangkok, Samut Prakan province, Nonthaburi province, Pathum Thani province and Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya province. It consists of multiple sections, including a controlled-access toll road, and almost forms a complete loop around the Bangkok Metropolitan Area.
Hugo Bettauer
Maximilian Hugo Bettauer (18 August 1872 – 26 March 1925) was a prolific Austrian writer and journalist, who was murdered by a Nazi Party follower on account of his opposition to antisemitism. He was well known in his lifetime; many of his books were bestsellers and in the 1920s a number were made into films, most notably Die freudlose Gasse (The Joyless Street, directed by Georg Wilhelm Pabst, 1925), which dealt with prostitution, and Die Stadt ohne Juden (The City Without Jews, directed by Hans Karl Breslauer, 1924), a satire against antisemitism.

Joyless Street
Joyless Street (German: Die freudlose Gasse), also titled The Street of Sorrow or The Joyless Street, is a 1925 German silent film directed by Georg Wilhelm Pabst starring Greta Garbo, Asta Nielsen and Werner Krauss. It is based on a novel by Hugo Bettauer and widely considered an expression of New Objectivity in film.
Northcote City FC
Northcote City Football Club (Iraklis) is a soccer club based on the border of Thornbury and Northcote, Victoria (Australia). Formed in 1960 by local Greek Australians, the club currently competes in the Victoria Premier League 1.

In 2011, Northcote won the inaugural Mirabella Cup, their first Victorian top-level success. In season 2013, Northcote City won their first Victorian Premier League Championship, defeating Bentleigh Greens SC 3–2 after extra time at AAMI Park.

2011 Mirabella Cup
The 2011 Mirabella Cup was the first edition of a football (soccer) knockout-cup competition held between men's clubs in Victoria, Australia in 2011, the annual edition of the Dockerty Cup. It was to be unique in Australian football in that the competition was to integrate clubs from the national top-level league, the A-League, with the state system below. However, the Football Federation Australia later withdrew their permission for Melbourne Victory and Melbourne Heart to take part in the competition while the first rounds were already ongoing, citing confusion of fans in marketing an as yet unannounced national knockout cup competition, which the FFA described in a press announcement announcing their reversal as still being in a stage of consideration, and not yet having a viable plan.

Northcote City SC defeated Melbourne Knights in the final to win their first Victorian top-level silverware.

The Regional Challenge Cup was won by Cobram Victory.
1986 Seattle Mariners season
The Seattle Mariners 1986 season was their tenth since the franchise creation. They were seventh in the American League West with a record of 67–95 (.414), the worst record in the league and second-worst in the majors.

At Boston's Fenway Park on Tuesday, April 29, twenty Mariners were struck out by 23-year-old Roger Clemens to set a new major league record. The game was scoreless through six innings, and the Red Sox won 3–1.

1986 Boston Red Sox season
The 1986 Boston Red Sox season was the 86th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. The Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 95–66. After defeating the California Angels in the ALCS, the Red Sox lost the World Series to the New York Mets in seven games.
Sander Raieste
Sander Raieste (born 31 March 1999) is an Estonian professional basketball player for the UCAM Murcia of the Liga ACB. Standing at 2.04 m (6 ft 8 in), he plays at the small forward position. He also represents the Estonian national basketball team internationally.

Estonia men's national basketball team
The Estonia men's national basketball team (Estonian: Eesti korvpallikoondis) represents Estonia in international basketball matches. They are controlled by the Estonian Basketball Association. The team competed in their first international tournament at the 1936 Olympic Games. Estonia has also qualified for the EuroBasket six times overall, with their best results coming in 1937 and 1939. However, after 1939, Estonia halted national team activities due to the occupation of the Baltic states during World War II. Estonia rejoined FIBA in 1991, after restoring independence from the Soviet Union.
PZL Bielsko SZD-55
The PZL Bielsko SZD-55 Nexus is a Standard Class sailplane produced by PZL Bielsko since 1988.  It was built in direct competition with the Schempp-Hirth Discus. The SZD-55 is still in production with approximately 110 built.

Schempp-Hirth Discus
The Schempp-Hirth Discus is a Standard Class glider designed by Schempp-Hirth. It was produced in Germany between 1984 and 1995 but has continued in production in the Czech Republic.  It replaced the Standard Cirrus.  It was designed by Klaus Holighaus.
Chichibabin pyridine synthesis
The Chichibabin pyridine synthesis (/ˈtʃiːtʃiːˌbeɪbiːn/) is a method for synthesizing pyridine rings. The reaction involves the condensation reaction of aldehydes, ketones, α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, or any combination of the above, with ammonia. It was reported by Aleksei Chichibabin in 1924. 
Methyl-substituted pyridines, which show widespread uses among multiple fields of applied chemistry, are prepared by this methodology.

Pyridine
Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C5H5N. It is structurally related to benzene, with one methine group (=CH−) replaced by a nitrogen atom (=N−).  It is a highly flammable, weakly alkaline, water-miscible liquid with a distinctive, unpleasant fish-like smell. Pyridine is colorless, but older or impure samples can appear yellow. The pyridine ring occurs in many commercial compounds, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Historically, pyridine was produced from coal tar. As of 2016, it is synthesized on the scale of about 20,000 tons per year worldwide.
Spavinaw Creek
Spavinaw Creek is a stream that begins in Arkansas and flows west into Oklahoma. The mouth is at located at Lake Hudson. The creek drains 400 square miles of the Ozark Mountain foothills and farm land. Two lakes, Lake Spavinaw and Lake Eucha, were impounded to create water supplies for the city of Tulsa approximately 55 miles away.

Spavinaw, Oklahoma
Spavinaw is a town in Mayes County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 350 at the 2020 census, down from 437 in 2010. The town is best known as the birthplace of baseball player Mickey Mantle. It is also notable for the nearby Lake Spavinaw, the principal source of water for Tulsa.
Cinema of Asia
Asian cinema refers to the film industries and films produced in the continent of Asia.

East Asian cinema is typified by the cinema of Japan, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea, including the Japanese anime industry and action films of Hong Kong. Southeast Asian cinema is typified by the cinema of the Philippines – one of the pioneers in Asian cinema, Thailand, Indonesia, and other Southeast Asian countries.

South Asian cinema is typified by the cinema of India, the cinema of Pakistan, the cinema of Bangladesh, and the cinema of Nepal.

The cinema of Central Asia also includes the cinema of Tajikistan. West Asian cinema is typified by Arab cinema, Iranian cinema, Israeli cinema (which may overlap with Jewish cinema), and Turkish cinema.

South Asian cinema
South Asian cinema refers to the cinema of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The broader terms Asian cinema, Eastern cinema and Oriental cinema in common usage often encompass South Asia as well as East Asia and Southeast Asia.

Cinema is prominent in South Asia, with the Bollywood (representing the most-spoken language in the region of Hindi) and South Indian film industries being the most dominant. Pakistan's Lollywood also is growing, while historically, Bengali cinema was highly acclaimed by international film circles.
Nothing's Carved in Stone
Nothing's Carved in Stone is a Japanese rock band formed in January 2009. After Ellegarden decided to go into hiatus in 2008, the group's guitarist Shinichi Ubukata created Nothing's Carved in Stone as his solo project. Their debut album Parallel Lives was released on May 6, 2009, debuting at No. 11 on the Japanese Oricon weekly album charts.

Ellegarden
Ellegarden (stylized as ELLEGARDEN and abbreviated Elle (Japanese: エルレ, Hepburn: Erure)) is a Japanese rock band formed in December 1998 in Chiba Prefecture. Its lineup consists of vocalist/guitarist Takeshi Hosomi, guitarist Shinichi Ubukata, bassist Yuichi Takada, and drummer Hirotaka Takahashi. After releasing five studio albums, including the Oricon number one Eleven Fire Crackers (2006), the band announced an indefinite hiatus in 2008. In May 2018, Ellegarden announced a reunion and held their first national tour in 10 years.
Hōjō Ujimasa
Hōjō Ujimasa (北条 氏政; 1538 – August 10, 1590) was the fourth head of the later Hōjō clan, and daimyō of Odawara. Ujimasa succeeded the territory expansion policy from his father, Hōjō Ujiyasu, and achieved the biggest territory in the clan's history.

Hōjō Ujinao
Hōjō Ujinao (北条 氏直; 1562 – December 19, 1591) was a Japanese daimyō of the late Sengoku period, and the final head of the Later Hōjō clan. An important figure in the history of Azuchi–Momoyama politics, he lost his entire domain following the Siege of Odawara (1590). He survived the Siege and carried on as a small daimyō in the Edo period.
East Bay Times
The East Bay Times is a daily broadsheet newspaper based in Walnut Creek, California, United States, owned by the Bay Area News Group (BANG), a subsidiary of Media News Group, that serves Contra Costa and Alameda counties, in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. It was founded as the Contra Costa Times, and took its current name in 2016 when it was merged with other sister papers in the East Bay. Its oldest merged title is the Oakland Tribune founded in 1874.

Contra Costa County, California
Contra Costa County (/ˌkɒntrə ˈkɒstə/ ⓘ; Contra Costa, Spanish for 'Opposite Coast') is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,165,927. The county seat is Martinez. It occupies the northern portion of the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area and is primarily suburban. The county's name refers to its position on the other side of the bay from San Francisco. Contra Costa County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Lutheran Hour
The Lutheran Hour is a U.S.-based Christian radio program produced by Lutheran Hour Ministries. The weekly broadcast began on October 2, 1930, as an outreach ministry of the Lutheran Laymen's League, part of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (LCMS). Since 2018, Rev. Dr. Michael Zeigler is the current speaker of The Lutheran Hour. During the 1950s–1980s, the program was heard on 1,200 stations in the U.S. and in thirty other nations. Its motto is "Bringing Christ to the Nations".

Lutheran Hour Ministries
Lutheran Hour Ministries (LHM) is a Christian outreach ministry affiliated with the Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod (LCMS), the Lutheran Church – Canada, and Lutheran Women in Mission (LWML). Its mission is "Bringing Christ to the Nations—and the Nations to the Church". LHM's flagship radio program, The Lutheran Hour, one of the longest-running Christian radio broadcasts, was at one time the most-syndicated, and the speakers have been some of the most-heard preachers of the 20th century. The supporters of The Lutheran Hour helped its founding organization, the Lutheran Laymen's League (LLL), become a multimillion-dollar Christian missionary foundation.

Today, Lutheran Hour Ministries produces Christian radio and TV programming for broadcast, as well as Internet and print communications, dramas, music, and outreach materials. It has ministry centers in dozens of countries around the world.
Progabide
Progabide, sold under the brand name Gabrene, is a GABA receptor agonist which is used in the treatment of epilepsy. It is an analogue of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and acts both via a metabolite and as a prodrug of GABA, in turn behaving as an agonist of the GABA receptors.

GABA
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central nervous system. Its principal role is reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system.

GABA is sold as a dietary supplement in many countries. It has been traditionally thought that exogenous GABA (i.e., taken as a supplement) does not cross the blood–brain barrier, but data obtained from more recent research (2010s) in rats describes the notion as being unclear.

The carboxylate form of GABA is γ-aminobutyrate.
Murcia (deity)
Murcia was a little-known goddess in ancient Rome. Her name occurs as an epithet of Venus.

According to Livy she had a temple at the foot of the Aventine Hill near to the Palatine Hill. Murcus is said to have been an old name for the Aventine Hill itself; hence the adjective murtius (= murcius) was applied to the turning-posts of the Circus Maximus, which was also situated in a valley between the Aventine and the Palatine Hills.

The name Murcia was linked to the name of the myrtle tree (Latin myrtus) by folk etymology; hence the spellings Murtia and Murtea. This association with myrtle, which was a sign of Venus, led to her naming as "Venus of the Myrtles". Christian writers, in their turn, connected Murcia with the adjective murcus or murcidus "lazy, inactive", thus interpreting her as a "goddess of sloth and laziness".

Venus (mythology)
Venus (/ˈviːnəs/; Classical Latin: [ˈwɛnʊs]) is a Roman goddess whose functions encompass love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity, and victory. In Roman mythology, she was the ancestor of the Roman people through her son, Aeneas, who survived the fall of Troy and fled to Italy. Julius Caesar claimed her as his ancestor. Venus was central to many religious festivals, and was revered in Roman religion under numerous cult titles.

The Romans adapted the myths and iconography of her Greek counterpart Aphrodite for Roman art and Latin literature. In the later classical tradition of the West, Venus became one of the most widely referenced deities of Greco-Roman mythology as the embodiment of love and sexuality. As such, she is usually depicted nude.
Aperture priority
Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av (for aperture value) on a camera mode dial, is a mode on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value (f-number) while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions as measured by the camera's light meter. This is different from manual mode, where the user must decide both values, shutter priority where the user picks a shutter speed with the camera selecting an appropriate aperture, or program mode where the camera selects both.

Digital camera modes
Most digital cameras support the ability to choose among a number of configurations, or modes for use in various situations. Professional DSLR cameras provide several manual modes; consumer point-and-shoot cameras emphasize automatic modes; amateur prosumer cameras often have a wide variety of both manual and automatic modes.
Femur
The femur (/ˈfiːmər/; pl.: femurs or femora /ˈfɛmərə/), or thigh bone is the only bone in the thigh — the region of the lower limb between the hip and the knee. In many four-legged animals, the femur is the upper bone of the hindleg.

The top of the femur fits into a socket in the pelvis called the hip joint, and the bottom of the femur connects to the shinbone (tibia) and kneecap (patella) to form the knee. In humans the femur is the  largest and thickest bone in the body.

Thigh
In anatomy, the thigh is the area between the hip (pelvis) and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the lower limb.

The single bone in the thigh is called the femur. This bone is very thick and strong (due to the high proportion of bone tissue), and forms a ball and socket joint at the hip, and a modified hinge joint at the knee.