hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles-Joseph, 7th Prince of Ligne
Charles-Joseph Lamoral, 7th Prince de Ligne in French; in German Karl-Joseph Lamoral 7. Fürst von Ligne (also known as Karl Fürst von Ligne or Fürst de Ligne): (23 May 1735 – 13 December 1814) was a field marshal, inhaber of an infantry regiment, prolific writer, intellectual, member of the princely family of Ligne. He fought as a field officer during several famous battles during the Seven Years' War and briefly returned to military duty in the War of the Bavarian Succession. He performed an important diplomatic mission to Catherine the Great in 1787 and led troops against the Turks at Belgrade in 1789. Beginning in the 1770s, he authored an impressive volume of work. After his estates in the Austrian Netherlands were lost to France during the War of the First Coalition, he lived in Vienna. All three of his sons died before him, but his wife and four daughters all outlived him. His grandson, the 8th Prince, became a Belgian statesman.

Prince of Ligne
Prince of Ligne is a  title of Belgian nobility that belongs to the House of Ligne, which goes back to the eleventh century. It owes its name to the village in which it originated, between Ath and Tournai. The lords of Ligne belonged to the entourage of the Count of Hainaut at the time of the Crusades.

The Ligne family began a progressive rise in the nobility, first as barons in the twelfth century, then counts of Fauquemberg and princes of Épinoy in the sixteenth century. Lamoral I received the titles of Prince of Ligne and Prince of the Holy Roman Empire in the early seventeenth century from Emperor Rudolf II. The Princes of Ligne are also Grandees of Spain, but this dignity is held personally rather than in conjunction with the title.
Salica Investments
Salica Investments is a London-headquartered investment firm. It was founded as Hambro Perks in 2013 by Rupert Hambro CBE and Dominic Perks.

The Financial Times described the company as "an unlikely fusion of old and new City — clubby establishment networking alongside high-tech entrepreneurial energy."

After the death of Rupert Hambro and the sudden departure of Dominic Perks in 2021. Sir Anthony Salz became the Chairman of Hambro Perks between 2021 and 2024. In 2024, the company was renamed as Salica Investments and appointed John Foley as its new Chairman.

Anthony Salz
Sir Anthony Michael Vaughan Salz (born 30 June 1950) is a British solicitor. He sat on the Board of Governors of the BBC from 1 August 2004, after the resignation of the former Vice Chairman, Lord Ryder, and was Acting Chairman in 2006 following the resignation of Michael Grade as BBC Chairman on 28 November 2006, Salz became Acting Chairman, and continued in this position until the BBC Trust succeeded the Governors on 1 January 2007.

Salz's career had given him experience in the broadcasting industry, as he had worked on the merger of Rupert Murdoch's Sky Television with the ailing British Satellite Broadcasting to form BSkyB. Until 2006, he was co-senior partner at Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer.
Star News Group
Star News Group is a media company based in Pakenham, Victoria, in Australia. Star publishes many community newspapers in the Melbourne area and other parts of Victoria. It also has publications in Queensland and South Australia. Star also publishes a number of parenting magazines under the masthead Kids Today.

Star operates Network Classifieds Pty Ltd, a contact centre in Pakenham that provides classified advertising and display advertising services for print and online. Star is also a founder and partner of the Today News Group with operations in Queensland and South Australia.

Pakenham, Victoria
Pakenham (/ˈpækənəm/ ⓘ PACK-kən-əm)  is a suburb of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia, 53 km (33 mi) south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District and the most populous in the Shire of Cardinia. Pakenham recorded a population of 54,118 at the 2021 census.

Pakenham has become a major growth area in south-eastern Melbourne as new housing developments have boosted its population and infrastructure, as exemplified in the development of the Lakeside, Heritage Springs and Cardinia Lakes estates.
Epping Forest District
Epping Forest District is a local government district in Essex, England. It is named after the ancient woodland of Epping Forest, a large part of which lies within the district. The district covers northeastern parts of the urban area of London, including the suburban towns of Epping, Loughton, Waltham Abbey, Chigwell, and Buckhurst Hill, as well as rural areas beyond it. The district is situated in the west of the county, bordering north-eastern Greater London.

The administrative headquarters of Epping Forest District Council are in the town of Epping. Neighbouring districts are Brentwood, Broxbourne, Chelmsford, East Hertfordshire, Enfield, Harlow, Havering, Redbridge, Uttlesford and Waltham Forest. In 2021 it had a population of 134,909.

Borough of Brentwood
The Borough of Brentwood is a local government district with borough status in Essex, England. The borough is named after its main town of Brentwood, where the council is based; it includes several villages and the surrounding rural area.

The neighbouring districts are Epping Forest, Chelmsford, Basildon, Thurrock and the London Borough of Havering.
Bender Glacier
Bender Glacier (78°43′S 85°20′W﻿ / ﻿78.717°S 85.333°W﻿ / -78.717; -85.333) is a glacier that flows from Mount Atkinson and Mount Craddock southwards between Chaplin Peak and Krusha Peak, and joins Nimitz Glacier just south of Gilbert Spur in the southern Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica. Receiving ice influx from its left tributaries Severinghaus Glacier, Brook Glacier and Bolgrad Glacier.

It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (2006) after Professor Michael L. Bender at the Department of Geosciences (Geochemistry), Princeton University (earlier at the Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island), whose paleoclimate research from 1984 centered on the glacial-interglacial climate change and the global carbon cycle.

Bolgrad Glacier
Bolgrad Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Болград, romanized: lednik Bolgrad, IPA: [ˈlɛdniɡ ˈbɔɫɡrɐt]) is the 7.4 km long and 5.7 km wide glacier on the west side of Owen Ridge in southern Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica, situated south of Brook Glacier and north of Sirma Glacier.  It drains west-southwestwards from Mount Allen, Mount Liptak and Mount Southwick, and flows south of Krusha Peak to leave the range and join Bender Glacier east of Gilbert Spur.

The glacier is named after the Bulgarian High School of Bolgrad, a major Bulgarian education centre in Ukraine established in 1858.
Wigmore chart
A Wigmore chart (commonly referred to as Wigmorean analysis) is a graphical method for the analysis of legal evidence in trials, developed by John Henry Wigmore. It is an early form of the modern belief network.

After completing his Treatise in 1904, Wigmore "became convinced that something was missing." He set up a system for analyzing evidence that consisted of lines, used to represent reasoning, explanations, refutations, and conclusions; and shapes which represent facts, claims, explanations, and refutations.

Although Wigmore taught his analytic method in the classroom during the early 20th century, the Wigmore chart was all but forgotten by the 1960s.  Recent scholars have rediscovered his work and used it as a basis for modern analytic standards.

John Henry Wigmore
John Henry Wigmore (1863–1943) was an American lawyer and legal scholar known for his expertise in the law of evidence and for his influential scholarship.  Wigmore taught law at Keio University in Tokyo (1889–1892) before becoming the first full-time dean of Northwestern Law School (1901–1929).  His scholarship is best remembered for his Treatise on the Anglo-American System of Evidence in Trials at Common Law (1904), often simply called Wigmore on Evidence, and a graphical analysis method known as a Wigmore chart. He served as the second president of the American Association of University Professors.
Ponte Tresa railway station
Ponte Tresa railway station is a railway station in the municipality of Ponte Tresa in the Swiss canton of Ticino. The station is the terminus of the metre gauge Lugano–Ponte Tresa railway (FLP), from Lugano.

The station has two platform tracks, plus two additional sidings, under a concrete roof with car parking above.

Lugano–Ponte Tresa Railway
The Lugano–Ponte Tresa Railway or Ferrovia Lugano–Ponte Tresa (FLP)  is a local railway line  in the Italian speaking canton of Ticino, in south-east Switzerland. The line links the town of Lugano with Ponte Tresa, and is 12.3 kilometres (7.6 mi) long.  It is built to metre gauge (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in gauge), and is electrified on the overhead system at 1200 volts DC. It is operated by the Ferrovie Luganesi company.

The FLP opened in 1912 and is the last working line of an interconnected network including two other suburban lines, the Lugano–Tesserete railway and the Lugano–Cadro–Dino railway, and the urban tramways of Lugano. There are proposals to extend the line back into some of the areas formerly covered by this network.

The FLP is a member of the Arcobaleno tariff network and passenger services are designated S60. Trains run every 15 minutes on weekdays and every 30 minutes on weekends.
Malkajgiri
Malkajgiri also known as Mallikarjuna Giri (ancient name) is a suburb of Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is located in Medchal–Malkajgiri district and also Sub-District in Medchal District is the headquarters of Malkajgiri mandal in Malkajgiri revenue division. Erstwhile Malkajgiri Major Grampanchayat was upgraded to a municipality in 1965 and became a municipal corporation in 1985. It was merged into the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation in 2007. It was a part of Ranga Reddy district before the re-organisation of districts in 2016.

Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation
The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) is the civic body that oversees Hyderabad, the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana. It is the local government for the city of Hyderabad. The GHMC is responsible for civic administration, including urban planning, sanitation, road maintenance, and public health services. It was the largest municipal corporations in India with an area of 2053 km2 until 11 February 2026, when GHMC was split into three independent municipal corporations.
Al-Balushi
Al-Balushi (Arabic: البلوشي; alternatively Baloushi, Balooshi, Bloushi, Blooshi or Beloshi) is a tribal surname common in the Arab states of the Gulf countries (predominantly Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Eastern Saudi Arabia and Southern Iraq). The surname is an Arabized form of the term Balochi or Baluchi, typically denoting Baloch ancestry from Balochistan.

Many people carrying this surname trace their ancestral origins to Balochistan — a region in southwestern Pakistan southeastern Iran —. Their ancestors primarily came from the Makran coast in the 18th century. The majority of them speak Arabic, while some retain their native Balochi language. They are mainly Sunni Muslims.

Baloch people
The Baloch people or the Balochs are an Iranian nomadic pastoral ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Balochi language and are native to the Balochistan region of South and West Asia, occupying parts of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula.

The majority of the Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of Balochistan, while 40% are settled in Sindh and a significant albeit smaller number resides in the Pakistani Punjab. They make up 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, 2% of Iran's population, and around 0.5%–1% of the population of Afghanistan, and the largest non-Arab community in Oman.
Jamar Fletcher
Jamar Mondell Israel (born Jamar Mondell Fletcher; August 28, 1979) is an American former professional football cornerback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for eight seasons. He played college football for the Wisconsin Badgers and was a two-time All-American selection. He was selected by the Miami Dolphins in the first round of the 2001 NFL draft, and he also played for the San Diego Chargers, Detroit Lions, Houston Texans and Cincinnati Bengals.

Wisconsin Badgers football
The Wisconsin Badgers football program represents the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the sport of American football. Wisconsin competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) within the Big Ten Conference (Big Ten). The Badgers have competed in the Big Ten since its formation in 1896. They play their home games at Camp Randall Stadium, the fourth-oldest stadium in college football.

Wisconsin is one of 26 College football programs to win 700 or more games. The program has been one of the most successful since the 1990s. Wisconsin has had two Heisman Trophy winners, Alan Ameche and Ron Dayne, and has had twelve former players inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame.
Xiahou Ba
Xiahou Ba (died c. 255–259), courtesy name Zhongquan, was a Chinese military general of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was the second son of Xiahou Yuan, a prominent general who served under Cao Cao, the warlord who laid the foundation for the state of Cao Wei. Around 249, Xiahou Ba defected to Wei's rival state, Shu Han, after the regent Sima Yi seized power in a coup d'état. He died sometime between 255 and 259.

Xiahou Yuan
Xiahou Yuan (pronunciationⓘ) (died c.February 219), courtesy name Miaocai, was a Chinese military general and politician serving under the warlord Cao Cao in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He is known for his exploits in western China (in parts of present-day Gansu, Ningxia and Shaanxi provinces) in the 210s, during which he defeated Cao Cao's rivals Ma Chao and Han Sui in Liang Province and the surrounding areas, and forced several Di and Qiang tribal peoples into submission. He was killed in action at the Battle of Mount Dingjun while defending Hanzhong Commandery from attacks by a rival warlord Liu Bei. Xiahou Yuan's death was highly dramatised in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, in which he was slain by Liu Bei's general Huang Zhong during a surprise raid.
Upper Heyford, Oxfordshire
Upper Heyford is a village and civil parish about 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Bicester in Oxfordshire, England. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 1,295.

The village is just east of the River Cherwell. "Upper" distinguishes it from Lower Heyford which is about 1 mile (1.6 km) "lower", downstream along the Cherwell valley. The parish measures about 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) east–west and almost 2 miles (3 km) north–south. In 1959 it covered 1,628 acres (659 ha).

The parish's western boundary is just west of the river. Chilgrove Drive, a continuation of Aves ditch, forms part of the parish's eastern boundary. Field boundaries bound the parish on the south. In the north the boundary crosses the former RAF Upper Heyford airfield, following the course of former field boundaries.

Middleton Stoney
Middleton Stoney is a village and civil parish about 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) west of Bicester, Oxfordshire, England. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 331.

The parish measures about 2 miles (3 km) north–south and about 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) east–west, and in 1959 its area was 1,853 acres (750 ha). Its eastern boundary is Gagle Brook, a tributary of the River Ray, and its western boundary is Aves ditch. It is bounded to the north and south by field boundaries.
Gee Jon
Gee Jon (Chinese: 朱家休; c. 1895 – February 8, 1924) was a Chinese national who was the first person in the United States to be executed by lethal gas. Gee was sentenced to death for the 1921 murder of Tom Quong Kee in Mina, Nevada as part of a gang dispute. An unsuccessful attempt to pump poison gas directly into his cell at Nevada State Prison led to the development of the gas chamber.

Capital punishment in Nevada
Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the U.S. state of Nevada.

The last person executed in the state was convicted murderer Daryl Mack in 2006. There have been no executions in Nevada since then, in part because of a shortage of drugs used in executions by lethal injection.
Northwest Parkway
Northwest Parkway is a 9.05-mile (14.56 km) limited-access toll road that runs from US 36 to the I-25/E-470 interchange. Both termini are in Broomfield, northwest of Denver. In combination with E-470 (47 miles (76 km)) and State Highway 470 (SH 470; 27 miles (43 km)), Northwest Parkway forms a partial beltway of approximately 83 miles (134 km) around the Denver metropolitan area. Some 18 miles (29 km) lie between the west end of Northwest Parkway and the northwest end of SH 470, the opposite end of the beltway.

Northwest Parkway was funded entirely with private money and charges a $5.20 toll. Tolls may be paid using highway-speed electronic tolling.

Interstate 25 in Colorado
In the US state of Colorado, Interstate 25 (I-25) follows the north–south corridor through Colorado Springs and Denver. The highway enters the state from the north near Carr and exits the state near Starkville. The highway also runs through the cities of Fort Collins, Broomfield, Loveland, and Pueblo. The route is concurrent with U.S. Route 87 (US 87), which is unsigned, through the entire length of the state. I-25 replaced US 87 and most of US 85 for through traffic.

Historical nicknames for this route have included the Valley Highway (through Denver), Monument Valley Highway (through Colorado Springs), and the Pueblo Freeway (through Pueblo). Within El Paso County, the route has been dedicated as the Ronald Reagan Highway. In Pueblo County, the route is called John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway.

I-25 is also considered to be part of the unofficial Pan-American Highway.
Gordon W. Lloyd
Gordon W. Lloyd (April 6, 1832 – December 23, 1904) was an English-born architect who practiced mainly in the American Midwest from the late 1850s through the 1890s. Trained under his uncle, the prominent church architect Ewan Christian, Lloyd opened an office in Detroit in 1858 and became especially active designing Episcopal churches while also producing major commercial and residential commissions. Representative works include the Trinity Cathedral (1872) in Pittsburgh, the Wright–Kay Building (1891) in Detroit, and the David Whitney House (1894). Though his office was in Detroit, Lloyd resided nearby in Windsor, Ontario.

David Whitney House
The David Whitney House is a Romanesque Revival mansion at 4421 Woodward Avenue in Midtown Detroit, Michigan. Completed in 1894 to the designs of architect Gordon W. Lloyd for lumber entrepreneur David Whitney Jr., it features rose-pink jasper stone cladding and numerous art-glass windows. The property is a contributing resource in Detroit’s Cultural Center Historic District and was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. Since 1986, the building has housed a restaurant.
Annie Villeneuve
Annie Villeneuve (born May 5, 1983) is a French-Canadian pop singer-songwriter. She participated at the first season of Star Académie in 2003. She also sang the French and the bilingual official song of the 2010 Vancouver Olympics, I Believe/J'imagine.

I Believe (Nikki Yanofsky song)
"I Believe" is a song sung by Canadian jazz-pop singer Nikki Yanofsky. Written by Stephan Moccio and Alan Frew for Canada's Olympic Broadcast Media Consortium, it was used as the official promotional song for both the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver and the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. It is also the official theme song for the former. Themes from this song appeared in the main title sequence music, and were used to create cues for use during actual Olympic coverage broadcasts. A French version of the song, "J'imagine" was recorded and sung by Annie Villeneuve.
Kupwara district
Kupwara district is an administrative district of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It is one of the 10 districts located in the Kashmir Valley Division of Indian administered Kashmir. The Pohru River (originating in Lolab Valley and flowing from east to west) and Mawar river are two main rivers in the district. Both of them meet Jhelum river in Baramulla district.

Lolab Valley
The Lolab Valley, earlier known as Lolo, is a Himalayan sub-valley of the larger Kashmir Valley located in the northern Kupwara district of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is named after its founder, Maharaja Lolo. Lolab Valley extends from its entrance at Goose Village, 1 km (0.62 mi) east of Kupwara, to Diver. The valley is oval-shaped, 15 miles (26 km) long with an average width of 3.10 miles (5 km) that includes three sub-valleys: Kalaroos, Potnai, and Brunai. The valley is at an altitude of 1,590 metres (5,215 ft) above sea level. Lolab Valley is characterised by lush green fields, dense forests, and scenic views, making it a popular destination for nature enthusiasts and tourists seeking tranquility.
Monier Ventilation Shaft 3
Monier Ventilation Shaft 3 is a heritage-listed ventilation shaft at Florence Street, Teneriffe, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Joseph Monier and built c. 1904. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 4 August 1998.

Monier Ventilation Shaft 1
Monier Ventilation Shaft 1 is a heritage-listed ventilation shaft at 500 Wickham Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Joseph Monier and built c. 1904. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 4 August 1998.
Italy men's national basketball team
The Italy men's national basketball team (Italian: Nazionale di pallacanestro dell'Italia) represents Italy in international basketball tournaments. They are administered by the Italian Basketball Federation (FIP).

Italy has qualified for 39 EuroBasket tournaments, winning two gold medals (1983, 1999), four silver medals (1937, 1946, 1991, 1997), and four bronze medals (1971, 1975, 1985, 2003) as achievements. While Italy has made ten trips to the World Cup, the closest they have come to winning a medal was in 1970 and 1978, where they finished fourth. In 13 attempts at the Summer Olympics, Italy has earned two silver medals, in 1980 and 2004.

Currently, Italy is ranked 14th in the FIBA World Ranking.

EuroBasket 1985
The 1985 FIBA European Championship, commonly called FIBA EuroBasket 1985, was the 24th FIBA EuroBasket regional basketball championship, held by FIBA Europe.  It took place from 5 to 16 June 1985 in West Germany. The Soviet Union defeated Czechoslovakia in the final to win their fourteenth and final title.
Legalise Cannabis Western Australia Party
The Legalise Cannabis Western Australia Party (LCWA) is a political party registered in Western Australia. The party advocates for law reform in relation to cannabis. Since 2024, it has been led by Brian Walker, a member of the Legislative Council.

Legalise Cannabis Queensland
Legalise Cannabis Queensland, registered with the Electoral Commission Queensland as Legalise Cannabis Queensland (Party), is a single-issue political party based in Queensland, Australia. The party has a number of policies that centre around the adult legalisation and regulation of cannabis for personal, medical and industrial uses.

The party was formed in 2020, and ran 23 candidates in the Queensland state election in that year. They received over 26,000 votes and 0.91% of the total first preference votes statwide, gaining over 5% of the vote in some areas and 3 to 4% in others, Ian Zunker received the party's biggest share of first preference votes in the state, with 5.51% in the electorate of Bundaberg. The party finished as the sixth largest party by number of votes out of the twelve parties that contested the election.