hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maak's or Monk's Well
The Maak's or Monk's Well is situated beside the Carmel Water in Kilmaurs, East Ayrshire. (NS 4114 4112), Scotland. A possible 'Holy Well', it was once a public water supply for the villagers and residents of the old castle at Kilmaurs Place.

River Irvine
The River Irvine (Scottish Gaelic: Irbhinn) is a river that flows through southwest Scotland. Its watershed is on the Lanarkshire border of Ayrshire at an altitude of 810 feet (250 m) above sea-level, near Loudoun Hill, Drumclog, and 7 miles (11 kilometres) SW by W of Strathaven. It flows 29+1⁄2 mi (47.5 km) westward, dividing the old district of Cunninghame from that of Kyle, until it reaches the sea via Irvine Harbour in the form of the Firth of Clyde, and flows into Irvine Bay by the town of Irvine. It has many tributaries, some of which form parish, district and other boundaries.
Japan's non-nuclear weapons policy
Japan's non-nuclear weapons policy is a policy popularly articulated as the Three Non-Nuclear Principles of non-possession, non-production, and non-introduction of nuclear weapons imposed by Douglas MacArthur during the Allied occupation of Japan following the Second World War.

Three Non-Nuclear Principles
Japan's Three Non-Nuclear Principles (非核三原則, Hikaku San Gensoku) are a parliamentary resolution (never adopted into law) that have guided Japanese nuclear policy since their inception in the late 1960s, and reflect general public sentiment and national policy since the end of World War II.

The principles were outlined by Prime Minister Eisaku Satō in a speech to the House of Representatives in 1967 amid negotiations over the return of Okinawa from the United States. The Diet formally adopted the principles in 1971.
Anne Hill Carter Lee
Anne Hill Carter Lee (March 26, 1773 – June 26, 1829) was the First Lady of Virginia from 1791 to 1794 as the wife of the ninth governor, Henry Lee III. She was the mother of the general-in-chief of the Confederate States of America, Robert E. Lee.  As a separated wife and then as a widow, she was the head of her household at Lee Corner, Alexandria, Virginia, which is now known as the Robert E. Lee Boyhood Home.  Her chronic pain and straitened circumstances play a significant role in her son Robert's biography.

Henry Lee III
Henry Lee III (January 29, 1756 – March 25, 1818) was an early American Patriot  and politician who served as the ninth Governor of Virginia and as the Virginia Representative to the United States Congress. Lee's service during the American Revolution as a cavalry officer in the Continental Army earned him the nickname by which he is best known, "Light-Horse Harry". He was a member of the Lee Family of Virginia and the father of Confederate general Robert E. Lee, who led the Army of Northern Virginia against the Union Army during the American Civil War.
Bonne of Luxembourg
Bonne of Luxemburg or Jutta of Luxemburg (20 May 1315 – 11 September 1349), was born Jutta (Judith), the second daughter of King John of Bohemia, and his first wife, Elisabeth of Bohemia. She was the first wife of King John II of France; however, as she died a year prior to his accession, she was never a French queen.  Jutta was referred to in French historiography as Bonne de Luxembourg, since she was a member of the House of Luxembourg. Among her children were Charles V of France, Philip II, Duke of Burgundy, and Joan, Queen of Navarre.

Joan of Valois, Queen of Navarre
Joan of France, also known as Joan or Joanna of Valois (24 June 1343, Châteauneuf-sur-Loire – 3 November 1373, Évreux), was Queen of Navarre by marriage to Charles II of Navarre (called The Bad). She was the daughter of John II of France (called The Good), and Bonne of Luxembourg. She served as regent of Navarre during the absence of Charles II between 1369 and 1372.
Michael Avedon
Michael Patrick Avedon (born January 16, 1991) is an American photographer living in New York City. Avedon works commercially as a fashion photographer and makes portraits for his personal work – including an ongoing series of artists in their studios.

Avedon began experimenting with photography in 2006, and in 2012 was named in Forbes's "30 Under 30" list of up-and-coming artists. In the spring of 2013 he graduated from the International Center of Photography. He has worked for Louis Vuitton, Calvin Klein, Harper's Bazaar, CR Fashion Book, and Dazed.

He is the grandson of Richard Avedon on his father's side, and Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan on his mother's side.

Richard Avedon
Richard Avedon (May 15, 1923 – October 1, 2004) was an American fashion and portrait photographer. He worked for Harper's Bazaar, Vogue and Elle specializing in capturing movement in still pictures of fashion, theater and dance. An obituary published in The New York Times said that "his fashion and portrait photographs helped define America's image of style, beauty and culture for the last half-century".
Tennessee State Route 87
State Route 87 (SR 87) is a secondary state highway located in Lauderdale and Haywood counties in West Tennessee.  SR 87 runs west to east through mixed terrain of bluffs and rolling hills in Lauderdale County and mostly river bottoms in Haywood County.  SR 87 is a two-lane facility throughout its length and features a 50-55 MPH speed limit depending on terrain.  This highway is also narrow and in poor condition in several locations.  This highway provides direct access to West Tennessee State Penitentiary and indirect access to Fort Pillow State Park via State Route 207.  The western terminus of SR 87 is notable due to the extreme levels of erosion from the Mississippi River that has created a very sharp and unstable "cliff" that forced TDOT to erect a barricade to stop vehicles from driving over the edge and into the river.

Tennessee State Route 207
State Route 207 (SR 207), also known as Park Road, is a short 1.1-mile-long (1.8 km) state highway in Lauderdale County, Tennessee. It connects SR 87 and the community of Fulton with Fort Pillow State Park. It is the primary road in and out of the park and is two-lane highway for its entire duration.
M1919 Browning machine gun
The M1919 Browning is a .30 caliber medium machine gun that was widely used during the 20th century, especially during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. The M1919 saw service as a light infantry, coaxial, mounted, aircraft, and anti-aircraft machine gun by the U.S and many other countries.

The M1919 was an air-cooled development of the standard U.S. machine gun of World War I, the John M. Browning-designed water-cooled M1917. The emergence of general-purpose machine guns in the 1950s pushed the M1919 into secondary roles in many cases, especially after the arrival of the M60 in US Army service.

The United States Navy also converted many to 7.62 mm NATO and designated them Mk 21 Mod 0; they were commonly used on riverine craft in the 1960s and 1970s in Vietnam. Many NATO countries also converted their examples to 7.62 mm caliber, and these remained in service well into the 1990s, as well as up to the present day in some countries.

M60 machine gun
The M60, officially the Machine Gun, Caliber 7.62 mm, M60, is a family of American general-purpose machine guns firing 7.62×51mm NATO cartridges from a disintegrating belt of M13 links. There are several types of ammunition approved for use in the M60, including ball, tracer, and armor-piercing rounds.

It was adopted in 1960 and issued to units later that year. It has served with every branch of the U.S. military and still serves with the armed forces of other nations. Its manufacture and continued upgrade for military and commercial purchase continues into the 21st century, although it has been replaced or supplemented in most roles by other designs, most notably the M240 machine gun in U.S. service.
Chowder
Chowder is a type of thick soup prepared with milk or cream, a roux, and seafood or vegetables. Oyster crackers or saltines may accompany chowders as a side item, and cracker pieces may be dropped atop the dish.

Clam chowder from New England is typically made with chopped clams and diced potatoes, in a mixed cream and milk base, often with a small amount of butter. Other common chowders include seafood chowder, which often consists of fish, clams, and other types of shellfish; lamb or veal chowder made with barley; corn chowder, which uses corn instead of clams; various fish chowders; and potato chowder, which is often made with cheese. Fish, corn, and clam chowders are popular in North America, especially Atlantic Canada and New England.

Clam chowder
Clam chowder is any of several chowder soups in American cuisine containing clams. In addition to clams, common ingredients include diced potatoes, salt pork, and onions. It is believed that clams were used in chowder because of the relative ease of harvesting them. Clam chowder is usually served with saltine crackers or small, hexagonal oyster crackers.

Clam chowder originated in the Northeastern United States, but is now commonly served in restaurants throughout the country. Many regional variations exist, but the three most popular are New England or "white" clam chowder, which is made with milk or cream; Manhattan or "red" clam chowder, which includes tomatoes; and Rhode Island or "clear" clam chowder, which omits both.
Acre War
The Acre War, known in Brazil as Acrean Revolution (Portuguese: Revolução Acreana) and in Spanish as Guerra del Acre ("War of the Acre") was a border conflict between Bolivia and the First Brazilian Republic over the Acre Region, which was rich in rubber and gold deposits. The conflict had two phases between 1899 and 1903, and ended with an Acrean victory and the subsequent Treaty of Petrópolis, which ceded Acre to Brazil. The outcome also affected territories disputed with Peru.

Republic of Acre
The Republic of Acre (Portuguese: República do Acre, Spanish: República del Acre) or the Independent State of Acre (Portuguese: Estado Independente do Acre, Spanish: Estado Independiente del Acre) was a secessionist republic that emerged in then Bolivia's Acre region between 1899 and 1903. The region was eventually annexed by Brazil in 1903 following the Acre War and is now the State of Acre.
Southern University System
The Southern University System is a system of public historically black universities in the U.S. state of Louisiana. Its headquarters are at the Joseph Samuel Clark Administration Building on the Southern University campus in Baton Rouge. The Southern University System is the only historically black college system in the United States.

Southern University
Southern University and A&M College (Southern University, Southern, SUBR or SU) is a public historically black land-grant university in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States. It is the largest historically black college or university (HBCU) in Louisiana, a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund, and the flagship institution of the Southern University System. Its campus encompasses 512 acres (207 hectares), with an agricultural experimental station on an additional 372-acre (151-hectare) site, five miles (8.0 km) north of the main campus on Scott's Bluff overlooking the Mississippi River in the northern section of Baton Rouge.

Southern University's 13 intercollegiate athletics teams are known as the Jaguars, and are members of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) in NCAA Division I. The Human Jukebox is a well known collegiate marching band that has represented Southern University since 1947.
Douglas West (mathematician)
Douglas Brent West is a professor of graph theory at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He received his Ph.D. from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1978; his advisor was Daniel Kleitman. He is the "W" in G. W. Peck, a pseudonym for a group of six mathematicians that includes West. He is the editor of the journal Discrete Mathematics.

Daniel Kleitman
Daniel J. Kleitman (born October 4, 1934) is an American mathematician and professor of applied mathematics at MIT. His research interests include combinatorics, graph theory, genomics, and operations research.
Consistent life ethic
The consistent life ethic (CLE), also known as the consistent ethic of life or whole life ethic, is an ethic that opposes abortion, capital punishment, assisted suicide, and euthanasia. Adherents oppose war, or at the very least unjust war; some adherents go as far as full pacifism and so oppose all war. Many authors have understood the ethic to be relevant to a broad variety of areas of public policy as well as social justice issues. The term was popularized in 1983 by the Catholic prelate Joseph Bernardin in the United States to express an ideology based on the premise that all human life is sacred and should be protected by law. While there are many adherents, CLE is not exclusively but primarily a Catholic doctrine and/or associated with the Catholic Church.

Sanctity of life
In religion and ethics, the sanctity of life, sometimes described as the inviolability of life, is a principle of implied protection regarding aspects of sentient life that are said to be holy, sacred, or otherwise of such value that they are not to be violated. This can be applied to humans, animals or (in the practice of Ahimsa) even micro-organisms. Sanctity of life sits at the centre of debate over abortion and euthanasia.
Anablepidae
Anablepidae is a family of ray-finned fishes which live in brackish and freshwater habitats from southern Mexico to southern South America. There are three genera with sixteen species: the four-eyed fishes (genus Anableps), the onesided livebearers (genus Jenynsia) and the white-eye, Oxyzygonectes dovii. Fish of this family eat mostly insects and other invertebrates.

White-eye (fish)
The white-eye (Oxyzygonectes dovii) is a species of killifish of the family Anablepidae. This species is the only member of its genus, Oxyzygonectes, and the subfamily Oxyzygonectinae.

This fish species is found in Pacific drainages in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama.

O. dovii has no gonopodium like the other members of its family. The dorsal and anal fins are posteriorly placed just before the caudal peduncle and well behind the midbody. The reach a maximum length of about 15 centimetres (6 in) TL.

Many of these fish inhabit brackish waters. They are found in rivers of low elevation, up to 15 metres (50 ft) above sea level. These fish feed on detritus, algae, and sometimes on terrestrial insects.

Though it occurs in estuaries, it breeds in freshwater. This species is not a seasonal killifish. O. dovii has been bred in captivity.
International cricket in 2023–24
The 2023–24 international cricket season included series  from late September 2023 to March 2024. This calendar included men's Test, men's One Day International (ODI), men's Twenty20 International (T20I), women's Test,  women's One Day International (ODI) and women's Twenty20 International (T20I) matches, as well as some other significant series. The men's and women's T20Is in this page were mostly between full-members. The 2023 Cricket World Cup took place in India in October and November. In addition to the matches shown here, a number of other T20I series involving associate nations were played during this period.

Associate international cricket in 2023–24
The 2023–24 Associate international cricket season included series starting from approximately late September 2023 to March 2024. All official 20-over matches between associate members of the ICC were eligible to have full men's Twenty20 International or women's Twenty20 International (T20I) status, as the International Cricket Council (ICC) granted T20I status to matches between all of its members from 1 July 2018 (women's teams) and 1 January 2019 (men's teams). The season included all T20I cricket series mostly involving ICC Associate members, that were played in addition to series covered in International cricket in 2023–24.
Timeline of post-election transition following Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
This is a chronology of significant events in 2016 and 2017 related to links between Trump associates and Russian officials during the Trump presidential transition and the Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections. Following the timeline of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections before and after July 2016, this article begins on November 8 (election day) and ends with Donald Trump and Mike Pence being sworn into office on January 20, 2017. The investigations continued in the first and second halves of 2017, the first and second halves of 2018, the first and second halves of 2019, 2020, and 2021.

Timeline of investigations into Donald Trump and Russia (January–June 2018)
This is a timeline of major events in first half of 2018 related to the investigations into links between associates of Donald Trump and Russian officials that are suspected of being inappropriate, relating to Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections. It follows the timeline of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections before and after July 2016 up until election day November 8, the transition, and the first and second halves of 2017, but precedes the second half of 2018, the first and second halves of 2019, 2020, and 2021. These events are related to, but distinct from, Russian interference in the 2018 United States elections.
Cherchell
Cherchell (Arabic: شرشال) is a town on Algeria's Mediterranean coast, 89 kilometers (55 mi) west of Algiers. It is the seat of Cherchell District in Tipaza Province. Under the names Iol and Caesarea, it was formerly a Roman colony and the capital of the kingdoms of Numidia and Mauretania.

Caesarea in Mauretania
Caesarea in Mauretania (Latin: Caesarea Mauretaniae, meaning "Caesarea of Mauretania") was a Roman colony in Roman-Berber North Africa. It was the capital of Mauretania Caesariensis and is now called Cherchell, in modern Algeria.

In the present time Caesarea is used as a titular see for Catholic and Eastern Orthodox bishops.
Lama Jigme Rinpoche (Kagyu)
Lama Jigme Rinpoche (Tibetan: བླ་མ་འཇིགས་མེད་རིན་པོ་ཆེ་, Wylie: bla ma jigs med rin po che; born 1949, Kham) is an author and teacher in the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. Born into the family of Rangjung Rigpe Dorje, 16th Karmapa, he is the brother of the late 14th Shamar Rinpoche, Mipham Chokyi Lodro. The 16th Karmapa appointed Lama Jigme Rinpoche as his European representative. He asked him to oversee the development of a shedra (university), library, retreat center, and monastery at Dhagpo Kagyu Ling in Dordogne, France, where Jigme Rinpoche is currently the main representative of Trinley Thaye Dorje and head of the monastery.

16th Karmapa, Rangjung Rigpe Dorje
The 16th Karmapa, Rangjung Rigpe Dorje (Tibetan: རང་འབྱུང་རིག་པའི་རྡོ་རྗེ་, Wylie: Rang 'byung rig pa'i rdo rje; August 14, 1924 – November 5, 1981) is the 16th Gyalwa Karmapa and the spiritual leader of the Karma Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism. He is of the oldest line of reincarnate lamas in Vajrayana Buddhism, known as the Karmapas whose coming was predicted by the Buddha in the Samadhiraja Sutra. The 16th Karmapa was considered to be a "living Buddha" and was deeply involved in the transmission of Tibetan Vajrayana Buddhism to Europe and North America following the Chinese invasion of Tibet. He was known as the "King of the Yogis", and is the subject of numerous books and films.
Square cupola
In geometry, the square cupola (sometimes called lesser dome) is a cupola with an octagonal base. In the case of all edges being equal in length, it is a Johnson solid, a convex polyhedron with regular faces.
It can be used to construct many other polyhedrons, particularly other Johnson solids.

Cupola (geometry)
In geometry, a cupola (plural: cupolae) is a solid formed by joining two polygons, one (the base) with twice as many edges as the other, by an alternating band of isosceles triangles and rectangles. If the triangles are equilateral and the rectangles are squares, while the base and its opposite face are regular polygons, the triangular, square, and pentagonal cupolae all count among the Johnson solids, and can be formed by taking sections of the cuboctahedron, rhombicuboctahedron, and rhombicosidodecahedron, respectively. Cupolae are a subclass of the prismatoids.

A cupola can also be seen as a prism where one of the polygons has been collapsed in half by merging alternate vertices.

A cupola can be given an extended Schläfli symbol  {n} || t{n}, representing a regular polygon {n}  joined by a parallel of its truncation, t{n}  or {2n}.

The dual of a cupola contains a shape that is sort of a weld between half of an n-sided trapezohedron and a 2n-sided pyramid.
Rostislav Vovkushevsky
Rostislav Ivanovich Vovkushevsky (Russian: Ростисла́в Ива́нович Вовкуше́вский; March 22, 1917 – August 14, 2000) was a Russian Soviet realist painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 named as the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), and regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.

Saint Petersburg Union of Artists
Union of Artists of Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербургский Союз художников) was established on August 2, 1932, as a creative union of the Leningrad artists and arts critics. Prior to 1959, it was called "Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists". From 1959 (when it joined the Union of Artists of the RSFSR), it was called as Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation. After the renaming of the city in 1991, it became known as the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists.
Invasion of the Kuril Islands
The Invasion of the Kuril Islands (Russian: Курильская десантная операция, lit. 'Kuril Islands Landing Operation') was the World War II Soviet military operation to capture the Kuril Islands from Japan in 1945. The invasion, part of the Soviet–Japanese War, was decided on when plans to land on Hokkaido were abandoned. The successful military operations of the Red Army at Mutanchiang and during the invasion of South Sakhalin created the necessary prerequisites for invasion of the Kuril Islands.

Soviet invasion of South Sakhalin
The Soviet invasion of South Sakhalin, also known as the Battle of Sakhalin (Russian: Южно-Сахалинская операция, romanized: Yuzhno-Sakhalinskaya operatsiya; Japanese: 樺太の戦い, romanized: Karafuto no tatakai), was the Soviet invasion of the Japanese portion of Sakhalin Island also known as Karafuto Prefecture. The invasion was part of the Soviet–Japanese War, a minor campaign in the Asian Theatre during Second World War.
Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers
The Conference of Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers (GSGP) is a North American intergovernmental organization led by the governing chief executives of the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Québec and the US states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. Through the organization, they seek to grow the region's economy and protect the Great Lakes. The organization began in 1983 as the Council of Great Lakes Governors to encourage and facilitate environmentally responsible economic development. The Council now serves as secretariat to the governors’ Compact Council and the governor and premiers’ Regional Body.

Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Agreement
The Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Agreement is a good-faith agreement among the Governors of the U.S. states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan,  Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, and the Premiers of the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec. The agreement details how the States and Provinces will manage the use of the Great Lakes Basin's water supply and builds on the 1985 Great Lakes Charter and its 2001 Annex. It was signed on December 13, 2005.