hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Umzinto
eMuziwezinto, previously and still commonly known as Umzinto, is a town located approximately 40 kilometres (23 miles) south-west of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. It was a sugarcane growing town, that was set up as the centre for a sugar mill.

Before December 1st, 2023, vehicle registration plates in Umzinto began with "NX", where the "N" represented Natal. The exact meaning of the "X" remains unclear, as this vehicle registration code also covered areas such as Park Rynie, Scottburgh & Umkomaas. The plates have now been updated to the provincial code "ZN", which stands for KwaZulu-Natal.

Park Rynie
Park Rynie is a small resort town on the South Coast of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. It was established in 1857 and possibly named after Renetta (nicknamed Rynie) Hoets, wife of one of the John Phillip Hoffman, partner in the firm Nosworthy & Co. that bought the original farm for development. There was a whaling station here built during World War I, Park Rynie Whales Ltd. A breakwater, Rocky Bar Pier and a landing ramp were also built.

Indian South Africans are the single largest population group in Park Rynie.

The main attraction of this town is the quaint beaches. They have an interesting geological and historical value.
Winning Post 7 Maximum 2007
Winning Post 7 Maximum 2007 (ウイニングポスト7 マキシマム2007) is a horse racing simulator published by Koei for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation 3 in Japan on March 29, 2007. It is the sequel of Winning Post 7 and is followed by Winning Post 7 Maximum 2008.

Winning Post 7 Maximum 2008
Winning Post 7 Maximum 2008 (ウイニングポスト7 マキシマム2008) is a multiplatform horse racing simulator published by Koei for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Wii and Microsoft Windows It was released only in Japan on March 13, 2008. The game is the sequel to Winning Post 7 Maximum 2007.
Outlander (book series)
Outlander is a series of historical fantasy novels by American author Diana Gabaldon. Gabaldon began the first volume of the series, Outlander, in the late 1980s, and it was published in 1991. She has published nine out of a planned ten volumes. The ninth novel in the series, Go Tell the Bees That I Am Gone, was released on November 23, 2021.

The Outlander series focuses on 20th-century British nurse Claire Randall, who time travels to 18th-century Scotland and finds adventure and romance with the dashing Highland warrior Jamie Fraser. The books have sold over 50 million copies worldwide as of 2021.

Among the many derived works are two short stories, three novellas, a novel series featuring recurring secondary character Lord John Grey, a graphic novel, a musical album, and two television series.

Claire Fraser (character)
Claire Beauchamp (who adopts the surnames Randall, Fraser, and Grey at various times) is a fictional character in the Outlander series of multi-genre novels by American author Diana Gabaldon, and its television adaptation. In the series, Claire is a married World War II nurse visiting Scotland who finds herself transported from 1945 back to 1743. There, she finds adventure, war and romance with the dashing Highland warrior Jamie Fraser. Smart, stubborn, and willful, Claire uses her wits, practical medical skills, and knowledge of the future to survive in the 18th century.

Claire is portrayed by Irish actress Caitríona Balfe in the Starz television series Outlander. Balfe won a Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television in 2015 and 2016, and a People's Choice Award for Favorite Sci-Fi/Fantasy TV Actress in 2016. She also received nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018.
Lord Frederick Windsor
Lord Frederick Michael George David Louis Windsor (born 6 April 1979) is a member of the British royal family. He is the only son of Prince and Princess Michael of Kent, and is 54th in the line of succession to the British throne. He is married to British actress Sophie Winkleman and is a financial analyst by profession. As a great-grandchild of King George V and Queen Mary, he is a second cousin of King Charles III.

Sophie Winkleman
Sophie Lara Winkleman (born 5 August 1980), styled as Lady Frederick Windsor, is a British actress. She is married to Lord Frederick Windsor, the son of Prince Michael of Kent and second cousin of King Charles III.
Farrah Franklin
Farrah Laron Franklin (born May 3, 1981) is an American R&B singer and actress. She is also a former member of the girl group Destiny's Child. Along with Michelle Williams, she replaced the group's original members LaTavia Roberson and LeToya Luckett. Franklin spent several months with the group before departing as a member. While her musical contribution to the group was minimal, Franklin's vocals are featured on the group's single "Independent Women Part I" which peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart following her departure.

LaTavia Roberson
LaTavia Marie Roberson (born November 1, 1981) is an American R&B singer. She rose to fame in the late 1990s as an original member of the R&B group Destiny's Child, one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. During her time as a member, Roberson recorded two studio albums, sold over 25 million records, and won two Grammy Awards and three Soul Train Music Awards.

Following her departure from the group, Roberson briefly formed the girl group Anjel, which also included former Destiny's Child member LeToya Luckett. Roberson has starred in several stage plays including Those Jeans, How to Love, and Not My Family. In 2014, she became a main cast member of R&B Divas: Atlanta alongside singers Angie Stone, Keke Wyatt and long-time friend Meelah of 702.
Absolutely convex set
In mathematics, a subset C of a real or complex vector space is said to be absolutely convex or disked if it is convex and balanced (some people use the term "circled" instead of "balanced"), in which case it is called a disk. 
The disked hull or the absolute convex hull of a set is the intersection of all disks containing that set.

Balanced set
In linear algebra and related areas of mathematics a balanced set, circled set or disk in a vector space (over a field  with an absolute value function ) is a set  such that  for all scalars  satisfying

The balanced hull or balanced envelope of a set  is the smallest balanced set containing 
The balanced core of a set  is the largest balanced set contained in

Balanced sets are ubiquitous in functional analysis because every neighborhood of the origin in every topological vector space (TVS) contains a balanced neighborhood of the origin and every convex neighborhood of the origin contains a balanced convex neighborhood of the origin (even if the TVS is not locally convex). This neighborhood can also be chosen to be an open set or, alternatively, a closed set.
David Brenner (film editor)
David S. Brenner (November 3, 1962 – February 17, 2022) was an American film editor known (along with fellow film editors Joe Hutshing, Pietro Scalia, and Julie Monroe) for being one of director Oliver Stone's "hot shot" group of up-and-coming film editors. He attended North Hollywood High School and Stanford before serving as an apprentice editor on the 1985 film Radioactive Dreams, then as an assistant editor to Claire Simpson for his next three films, thereafter becoming an editor. Brenner was elected as a member of the American Cinema Editors and was an Oscar winner. He died suddenly at home at the age of 59 leaving his wife, Amber, and three children.

Joe Hutshing
Joe Hutshing is an American film editor and is best known for working multiple times with film director, Oliver Stone, film director Nancy Meyers and film director Cameron Crowe. Hutshing graduated from the University of Oregon in 1980.

Hutshing has received Academy Awards for the films Born on the Fourth of July (1989) and JFK (1991); both were directed by Oliver Stone. He also received a BAFTA for Best Film Editing on JFK, as well as an Emmy for Outstanding Picture Editing on Live From Baghdad. His greatest commercial successes have been The Tourist, which grossed 278 million dollars, and Jerry Maguire, which grossed 274 million dollars worldwide.

Hutshing has been elected to membership in the American Cinema Editors.
United Friendly Tournament
The United Friendly Tournament was a women's professional golf tournament on the Ladies European Tour. It was played annually between 1981 and 1984 at various courses in England.

A concurrent tournament, the United Friendly Worthing Open, held 1982–1984 at Hill Barn Golf Club in Worthing, West Sussex, had the same title sponsor.

United Friendly Worthing Open
The United Friendly Worthing Open was a women's professional golf tournament on the Ladies European Tour held in England. It was played annually between 1982 and 1984 at Hill Barn Golf Club in Worthing, West Sussex.
Grace Cadell
Grace Ross Cadell (October 25, 1855 – February 19, 1918) was a Scottish medical doctor and suffragist, and one of the first group of women to study medicine in Scotland and qualify.

She was, with Elsie Inglis, one of the initial entrants to the Edinburgh School of Medicine for Women, set up by Sophia Jex-Blake in 1886. She stood up to Jex-Blake over a disciplinary matter, being dismissed from the school and subsequently successfully sued Jex-Blake and her school. Her career as a physician and surgeon was devoted mainly to the care of women and children.

She became an active suffragette as was well known for public acts of defiance in the cause of women's suffrage. She was prominent in providing medical care and refuge for her fellow suffragettes, some of whom were released into her care directly from episodes of force feeding in prison. Her home became well known as a sanctuary for suffragettes.

Elsie Inglis
Eliza Maud "Elsie" Inglis (16 August 1864 – 26 November 1917) was a Scottish medical doctor, surgeon, teacher, suffragist, and founder of the Scottish Women's Hospitals. She was the first woman to hold the Serbian Order of the White Eagle.
Maizhokunggar County
Maizhokunggar County or Meldro Gungkar County is a county of Lhasa and east of the main center of Chengguan, Tibet Autonomous Region. It has an area of 5,492 square kilometres (2,120 sq mi) with an average elevation of over 4,000 metres (13,000 ft). Most of the people are ethnic Tibetan and are engaged in agriculture or herding. Mining is a major source of tax revenue, but it has created environmental problems. The county has various tourist attractions including hot springs and the Drigung Monastery.

Drigung Monastery
Drigung Thil Monastery (Wylie: bri gung mthil 'og min byang chub gling) is a monastery in Maizhokunggar County, Lhasa, Tibet founded in 1179. Traditionally it has been the main seat of the  Drikung Kagyu tradition of Tibetan Buddhism. In its early years the monastery played an important role in both religion and politics, but it was destroyed in 1290 by Mongol troops under the direction of a rival sect. The monastery was rebuilt and regained some of its former strength, but was primarily a center of meditative studies. The monastery was destroyed after 1959, but has since been partly rebuilt. As of 2015 there were about 250 resident monks.
Mater Dei Academy
Mater Dei Academy is an independent Catholic secondary school in Cork, Ireland. As of 2024, it had 50 students enrolled, and was based in the Farranferris Education and Training Campus. The academy, which is funded by a Catholic foundation based in Virginia in the United States, also runs a home-schooling initiative known as "Mater Dei Education". The independent and private school, which is run by parents, is not subject to inspection by the Department of Education, and the volunteers that teach in the school are not required to hold any teaching qualifications.

St Finbarr's College, Farranferris
Farranferris, also known as St Finbarr's College, was a secondary school in Cork City, Ireland. It opened in 1887, closed in 2006, and was an important institution in the twentieth century history of the city.
Jandaya parakeet
The jandaya parakeet (Aratinga jandaya), or jenday conure, is a small Neotropical parrot with green wings and tail, reddish-orange body, yellow head and neck, orange cheeks, and black bill, native to wooded habitats in northeastern Brazil. It is a member of the Aratinga solstitialis complex of parakeets very closely related to, and possibly subspecies of the sun conure.

The bird has a wide range, but is locally rare in the wild; they are common in aviculture, where they are known as "jenday conures".

Sun conure
The sun conure (Aratinga solstitialis), also known as the sun parakeet, is a medium-sized, vibrantly colored parrot native to northeastern South America. The adult male and female are similar in appearance, with black beaks, predominantly golden-yellow plumage, orange-flushed underparts and face, and green and blue-tipped wings and tails. Sun conures are very social birds, typically living in flocks. They form monogamous pairs for reproduction, and nest in palm cavities in the tropics. Sun conures mainly feed on fruits, flowers, berries, blossoms, seeds, nuts, and insects. Conures are commonly bred and kept in aviculture and may live up to 30 years. This species is currently threatened by loss of habitat and trapping for plumage or the pet trade. Sun conures are now listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
Manual testing
Compare with Test automation.

Manual testing is the process of manually testing software for defects. It requires a tester to play the role of an end user where by they use most of the application's features to ensure correct behavior. To guarantee completeness of testing, the tester often follows a written test plan that leads them through a set of important test cases.

Test automation
Test automation is the use of software (separate from the software being tested) for controlling the execution of tests and comparing actual outcome with predicted. Test automation supports testing the system under test (SUT) without manual interaction which can lead to faster test execution and testing more often. Test automation is a key aspect of continuous testing and often for continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD).
Women of Mayo Clinic
Women of Mayo Clinic: The Founding Generation is a 2016 non-fiction book by Virginia M. Wright-Peterson, chronicling the individual contributions of professional women who helped establish and develop the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Covering a period of 60 years, the Sisters of Saint Francis of Rochester, Minnesota worked in conjunction with the Mayo family to open a hospital that would accept patients of all faiths. Beginning with a 27-bed facility, the women physicians and other medical professionals would eventually serve in theaters of war, and create an environment that evolved according to patient needs. Wright-Peterson is a faculty member of the University of Minnesota Rochester, and a former Mayo Clinic administrator.

Sisters of Saint Francis of Rochester, Minnesota
The Sisters of Saint Francis of Rochester, Minnesota is a Roman Catholic religious congregation for women. The congregation was founded in 1877 by Mother Mary Alfred Moes in the Diocese of St. Paul of Minnesota. The motherhouse, which is in Rochester, Minnesota, is called Assisi Heights.
Pattali Makkal Katchi (S. Ramadoss)
The Pattali Makkal Katchi (S. Ramadoss) (transl. Proletarian People's Party (S. Ramadoss); abbreviated as PMK (S. Ramadoss)) is a splinter faction of the regional political party Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK), based in Tamil Nadu. It is currently led by founder Dr. S. Ramadoss, who founded the original PMK that is currently led by his son, Anbumani. The faction emerged in 2025 after a major leadership conflict between Ramadoss and his son, Dr. Anbumani Ramadoss, over control of the party. While the Election Commission of India (ECI) has issued communications recognising Anbumani’s camp, the Ramadoss faction rejects these claims, insisting that procedural norms were violated and that Anbumani’s term as president expired in May 2025.

Pattali Makkal Katchi
The Pattali Makkal Katchi (transl. Proletarian People's Party; abbreviated as PMK) is a political party in Tamil Nadu, India. It was founded by Dr. S. Ramadoss in 1989 to provide political representation for the Vanniyar caste, a community found throughout northern Tamil Nadu. It is a part of the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA).Its symbol is a mango. As of 2025, it is currently led by Dr. Anbumani Ramadoss following a months long dispute that resulted in his father, Dr. S. Ramadoss, forming a splinter faction of the PMK.
Cold Lazarus
Cold Lazarus is a four-part British television drama written by Dennis Potter with the knowledge that he was dying of pancreatic cancer. It forms the second half of a pair with the television serial Karaoke. It is Potter's only science fiction work.

Karaoke (TV series)
Karaoke is a 1996 British television drama written by Dennis Potter with the knowledge that he was dying from pancreatic cancer.

It forms the first half of a pair with the serial Cold Lazarus. The two plays were filmed as a single production by the same team; both were directed by Renny Rye. The series was said to be inspired by Potter's working relationship with Louise Germaine.

The plays were a co-production between the BBC and rival broadcaster Channel 4, a unique arrangement Potter had expressly requested before his death. The show was first aired on BBC1 on Sunday evenings, with a repeat on Channel 4 the following day.

The series stars Albert Finney, Richard E. Grant, Hywel Bennett, Roy Hudd and Julie Christie and features Saffron Burrows and Keeley Hawes in two early screen appearances.
Hamilton, New York
Hamilton is a town in Madison County, New York, United States. The population was 6,379 at the 2020 census. The town is named after American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton and is a college town, with Colgate University dominating the town's employment, culture and population.

The town of Hamilton contains a village also named Hamilton.

Hamilton (village), New York
Hamilton is a village located within the town of Hamilton in Madison County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the village had a population of 4,107. It is the location of Colgate University.
Sternoclavicular joint
The sternoclavicular joint or sternoclavicular articulation is a synovial saddle joint between the manubrium of the sternum, and the clavicle, and the first costal cartilage. The joint possesses a joint capsule, and an articular disc, and is reinforced by multiple ligaments.

Saddle joint
A saddle joint (sellar joint, articulation by reciprocal reception) is a type of synovial joint in which the opposing surfaces are reciprocally concave and convex. It is found in the thumb, the thorax, the middle ear, and the heel.
Saint-Denis, Réunion
Saint-Denis (/ˌsæ̃dəˈniː/, French: [sɛ̃ d(ə)ni] ⓘ; Reunionese Creole: Sin-Dni), unofficially Saint-Denis de La Réunion (pronounced [sɛ̃ d(ə)ni də la ʁeynjɔ̃]) for disambiguation, is the prefecture (administrative capital) of the French overseas department and region of Réunion, in the Indian Ocean. It is located at the island's northernmost point, close to the mouth of the Rivière Saint-Denis.

Saint-Denis is the most populous commune in the French overseas departments and the twentieth most populous in all of France. At the 2023 census, there were 326,743 inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Saint-Denis (as defined by INSEE), 155,634 of whom lived in the city (commune) of Saint-Denis proper and the remainder in the neighbouring communes of La Possession, Sainte-Marie, Sainte-Suzanne, Saint-André, and Bras-Panon.

Sainte-Marie, Réunion
Sainte-Marie (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t maʁi] ⓘ) is a commune in the French overseas department of Réunion. It is located on the north side of the island of Réunion, just east of, and adjacent to, the capital of Saint-Denis.
Borough of Stockton-on-Tees
The Borough of Stockton-on-Tees is a unitary authority area with borough status in County Durham and North Yorkshire, England. In 2021, it had a population of 196,600.

The main settlement and namesake of the borough is Stockton-on-Tees, which lies on the north bank of the River Tees in County Durham, along with the towns of Billingham and Norton-on-Tees. The borough also includes the towns of Ingleby Barwick, Thornaby-on-Tees and Yarm, all south of the Tees, in North Yorkshire. Bridges spanning the River Tees include the Yarm Viaduct and the Tees Transporter Bridge. The borough is locally governed by Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council and forms part of the Tees Valley together with the boroughs of Darlington, Middlesbrough, Redcar and Cleveland and Hartlepool. Teesside International Airport is partly within the borough.

Billingham
Billingham is a town and civil parish in County Durham, England. The town is on the north side of the River Tees and is governed as part of the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees unitary authority. It had a population of 33,927, in the 2021 census.

The settlement has existed since Anglo-Saxon times as a village. A post-Second World War town centre was built north of the old village centre on the town's grange. It was a township, with an urban district, from 1923, until 1968, when it was absorbed into the County Borough of Teesside, and later part of the county of Cleveland.

Billingham is home to the Billingham Manufacturing Plant which is a major producer of chemicals for agriculture.
The Timeless Way of Building
The Timeless Way of Building is a 1979 book by Christopher Alexander that proposes a new theory of architecture (and design in general) that relies on the understanding and configuration of design patterns. Although it came out later, it is essentially the introduction to A Pattern Language and The Oregon Experiment, providing the philosophical background to the Center for Environmental Structure series.

It has had a huge influence on creative thinking, especially in the areas of architecture and software design.

A Pattern Language
A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction is a 1977 book on architecture, urban design, and community livability.  It was authored by Christopher Alexander, Sara Ishikawa and Murray Silverstein of the Center for Environmental Structure of Berkeley, California, with writing credits also to Max Jacobson, Ingrid Fiksdahl-King and Shlomo Angel. Decades after its publication, it is still one of the best-selling books on architecture.

The book creates a new language, what the authors call a pattern language derived from timeless entities called patterns. As they write on page xxxv of the introduction, "All 253 patterns together form a language." Patterns describe a problem and then offer a solution. In doing so the authors intend to give ordinary people, not only professionals, a way to work with their neighbors to improve a town or neighborhood, design a house for themselves or work with colleagues to design an office, workshop, or public building such as a school.