hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Acrolein
Acrolein (systematic name: propenal) is the simplest unsaturated aldehyde. It is a colorless liquid with a foul and acrid aroma. The smell of burnt fat (as when cooking oil is heated to its smoke point) is caused by glycerol in the burning fat breaking down into acrolein. It is produced industrially from propene and mainly used as a biocide and a building block to other chemical compounds, such as the amino acid methionine.

Glycerol
Glycerol (/ˈɡlɪsərɒl/) is a sugar alcohol with chemical formula C3H5(OH)3. It has three carbon atoms and as many hydroxyl groups. It is a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting, viscous liquid at Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure (SATP). Because of its three hydroxyl groups, glycerol is miscible with water and is hygroscopic in nature.

The glycerol backbone is found in lipids known as glycerides, where one or more of the hydroxyl groups are esterified with fatty acids. The most abundant of glycerides are triglycerides (found in animal fats and vegetable oils), the form in which glycerol is most commonly found in nature. It is also widely used as a sweetener in the food industry and as a humectant in pharmaceutical formulations.

Modern use of the word glycerine (alternatively spelled glycerin) refers to commercial preparations of less than 100% purity, typically 95% glycerol.
Michinoku Toll Road
The Michinoku Toll Road (みちのく有料道路 Michinoku Yūryōdōro) is a two-lane toll road in Aomori Prefecture connecting the cities Aomori and Hachinohe via Shichinohe. It serves as an alternative to Japan National Route 4, bypassing the towns Hiranai and Noheji by cutting directly through the Hakkōda Mountains and other mountains of the northern Ōu Mountain Range. The road is managed by the Aomori Prefecture Road Corporation and is numbered E4A as an extension of the Tōhoku Expressway.

Tōhoku Expressway
The Tōhoku Expressway (東北自動車道, Tōhoku Jidōsha-dō) is a south-north national expressway, and the longest expressway in Japan at 679.5 kilometers (422.2 mi). Its southern terminus is in Kawaguchi, Saitama in the Greater Tokyo Area, at the Tokyo Gaikan Expressway and Kawaguchi Route near Araijuku Station, and its northern terminus is at Aomori Interchange in Aomori, Aomori in the northern part of the Tōhoku region, where it meets the Aomori Expressway and Aomori Belt Highway near the Sannai-Maruyama Site.

It is owned by Japan Expressway Holding and Debt Repayment Agency and operated by East Nippon Expressway Company. The expressway is signed E4 under the "2016 Proposal for Realization of Expressway Numbering", because it roughly parallels National Route 4.
John Loudon McAdam
John Loudon McAdam (23 September 1756 – 26 November 1836) was a Scottish civil engineer and road-builder. He invented a new process, "macadamisation", for building roads with a smooth hard surface, using controlled materials of mixed particle size and predetermined structure, that would be more durable and less muddy than soil-based tracks.

Modern road construction still reflects McAdam's influence. Of subsequent improvements, the most significant was the introduction of tar (originally coal tar) to bind the road surface's stones together, "tarmac" (for Tar Macadam.)

Macadam
Macadam is a type of road construction pioneered by Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam c. 1820, in which crushed stone is placed in shallow, convex layers and compacted thoroughly. A binding layer of stone dust (crushed stone from the original material) may form; it may also, after rolling, be covered with a cement or bituminous binder to keep dust and stones together. The method simplified what had been considered state-of-the-art at that point.
Comedy Bang! Bang!
Comedy Bang! Bang! is a comedy podcast which began airing as a radio show on May 1, 2009. It is hosted by writer and comedian Scott Aukerman, best known for his work on the 1990s HBO sketch comedy program Mr. Show with Bob and David, creating and hosting the Comedy Bang! Bang! TV series, and co-founding the weekly Comedy Death-Ray stage show at the Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre in Hollywood.

Under the name Comedy Death-Ray Radio, the show was originally broadcast on Indie 103, but since the summer of 2010 has belonged to the Earwolf comedy podcasting network.

Between 2012 and 2016 Comedy Bang! Bang! was also a television series on IFC hosted by Aukerman and featuring bandleaders Reggie Watts, Kid Cudi, and "Weird Al" Yankovic.

In 2021, Aukerman and producer Brett Morris launched Comedy Bang Bang World, a website and subscription platform offering the back catalog of the podcast alongside new spin-off shows.

Comedy Bang! Bang! (TV series)
Comedy Bang! Bang! is a television talk show created and hosted by Scott Aukerman. The show aired weekly on IFC and was a spin-off of Aukerman's podcast Comedy Bang! Bang!, which airs on the Earwolf network. Like the podcast, the series featured outlandish and farcical humor, often delivered in a deadpan manner. The mock talk show derived most of its comedy from its surreal spoofs of common late night tropes and from its characters' ineptitude.

On August 18, 2016, Aukerman announced that the series would end after season 5, and the finale aired on December 2, 2016.
Mainham Cemetery
Mainham Cemetery (Irish: Reilig Mhaighneán) is a cemetery located in Clane, County Kildare, Ireland. The complex contains a medieval fortified church, the tomb of the Wogan Browne family, and a large modern graveyard with outdoor altar.

Clane
Clane (/ˈkleɪn/; Irish: Claonadh) is a town in County Kildare, Ireland. With a population of 8,152 in 2022, it is the ninth largest town in Kildare and the 66th largest in Ireland. The town is on the River Liffey. Clane gives its name to the associated townland, civil parish, electoral division and surrounding barony.
Bowl-out
A bowl-out (sometimes termed a bowl-off) was used as a tiebreaker in various forms of limited overs cricket to decide a match that would otherwise end in a tie.  Five bowlers from each side deliver one or two balls each at an unguarded wicket (three stumps).   If each team has hit the same number of wickets after the first five bowlers per side, the bowling continues and is decided by sudden death.

The bowl-out is no longer used as a tie breaker in ICC matches or domestic professional leagues, as batting has no effect on the result of the otherwise tied game. It has been replaced by the Super Over.

Super Over
Super Over, also known as a one-over eliminator or a one over per side eliminator, is a tie-breaking method used in limited-overs cricket matches similar to overtime in most other sports and extra innings in baseball. If a match ends in a "tie", it proceeds to a Super Over, in which each team plays a single additional over of six balls to determine the winner. The team scoring the most runs in that over is declared the winner.

Following a rule change in October 2019 for knockout and bilateral series matches, if a Super Over ends in a tie, another Super Over is played similar to baseball and overtime in some sports.
NHS app
The NHS App allows patients using the National Health Service in England to book appointments with their GP, order repeat prescriptions and access their GP record. The app can also be used to access NHS 111, set patients' data sharing preferences, and record organ donation preferences and end-of-life care preferences. All GPs in England are required to give their patients access to their health record via the NHS app. The app allows a user to manage healthcare services for others, such as parents or spouses.

Available since late 2018, the app was developed by NHS Digital and NHS England.

NHS England
NHS England is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health and Social Care. It oversees the budget, planning, delivery and day-to-day operation of the commissioning side of the National Health Service in England as set out in the Health and Social Care Act 2012. It directly commissions NHS general practitioners, dentists, optometrists and some specialist services.

NHS England is due to be absorbed into the Department of Health and Social Care, in a two-year process begun in 2025.
Eduardo Rama Jr.
Eduardo "Edu" Roa Rama Jr. (born December 2, 1978) is a Filipino politician and businessman serving as the Representative of Cebu City's 2nd (South) district since 2022. He previously served as Cebu City councilor from 2004 to 2013, and again from 2016 to 2022.

He is the nephew and longtime political ally of Mike Rama, who served as Mayor of Cebu City twice until he was dismissed from his post by the Ombudsman in 2024.

Cebu City's 2nd congressional district
Cebu City's 2nd congressional district is one of the two congressional districts of the Philippines in the city of Cebu. It has been represented in the House of Representatives of the Philippines since 1987. The district consists of thirty four barangays of the city locally referred to as the "South District". It is currently represented in the 20th Congress by Eduardo Rama Jr. of the Lakas–CMD.
Satish Dhawan Space Centre
Satish Dhawan Space Centre – SDSC (formerly Sriharikota Range – SHAR) is the primary spaceport of ISRO, located in Sriharikota, an island in Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh, India. The spaceport is located on an island off the east coast of India, surrounded by Pulicat Lake and the Bay of Bengal. The distance of Sriharikota from Chennai is 105 km (65 mi) and from Nellore is 119 km (74mi).

The Centre currently has three functioning launch pads used for launching sounding rockets, polar satellites and geosynchronous satellites. India's Lunar exploration probes Chandrayaan-1, Chandrayaan-2, Chandrayaan-3, Mars Orbiter Mission, solar research mission Aditya-L1 and space observatory XPoSat were also launched from SDSC.

Originally called Sriharikota Range (SHAR), the centre was renamed on 5 September 2002 as a tribute to ISRO's former chairman Satish Dhawan with retaining its original acronym and is referred as SDSC-SHAR.

Sriharikota
Sriharikota (Telugu: [ʃriːhɐɾikoːʈɐ]) is a barrier island off the Bay of Bengal coast located in the Shar Project settlement of Tirupati district in Andhra Pradesh, India. It houses the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, one of the two satellite launch centres in India (the other being SSLV Launch Complex, Kulasekarapattinam). ISRO launches satellites using multistage rockets such as the PSLV and the GSLV from the island. Sriharikota was selected by ISRO because of its proximity to the equator, it gives extra centripetal force from the rotation of Earth.
Spornosexual
Spornosexual is a blend of sports and the clipping porno, compounded with sexual. The term was coined by Mark Simpson in 2014 to describe a man "who is influenced in his appearance by the stars of sport and pornography". It recognises young men who use "their toned bodies on social media as a means of feeling valuable in society." Jamie Hakim has described this as a "power-shift of a segment of society who have historically defined themselves through their mind, whilst at the same time defining those they have subordinated - such as women - through their bodies".

Simpson also coined the term metrosexual in 1994.

Mark Simpson (journalist)
Mark Simpson is an English journalist, writer, and broadcaster specialising in popular culture, media, and masculinity. Simpson is the originator of the term and concept metrosexual. He has been described by one critic as "the skinhead Oscar Wilde". David Bowie referred to being metrosexual in an interview on the Dinah Shore show in the year 1976, the video is available on YouTube.
Mitsubishi Galant
The Mitsubishi Galant (Japanese: 三菱・ギャラン, Mitsubishi Gyaran) is an automobile which was produced by Japanese manufacturer Mitsubishi from 1969 until 2012. The model name was derived from the French word galant, meaning "chivalrous". There have been nine distinct generations with total cumulative sales exceeding five million units. It began as a compact sedan, but over the course of its life evolved into a mid-size car. Initial production was based in Japan, with manufacturing later moved to other countries.

Mitsubishi Debonair
The Mitsubishi Debonair (Japanese: 三菱・デボネア, Hepburn: Mitsubishi Debonea) is a four-door executive sedan introduced by Mitsubishi Motors in 1964 to serve as their flagship passenger vehicle in the Japanese market. The word "debonair" means gentle, courteous, suave, lighthearted, or nonchalant. Three distinct generations were available during its 35-year production run until it was discontinued in 1999. The first and second generation models were built mainly for senior level executives of the Mitsubishi Group and affiliated companies, essentially a Mitsubishi senior executive company car made by the motor vehicle division of Mitsubishi.
Kim Cheong-gi
Kim Cheong-gi (Korean: 김청기; born April 4, 1941) is a South Korean director of animated, fantasy, and science fiction films.

His most well known work, Robot Taekwon V (1976), is considered one of the milestones of Korean animation. With actor Shim Hyung-rae, he created the Ureme series, one of the more popular Korean children's series of the late 1980s.

Ureme (film series)
Ureme (Korean: 우뢰매; RR: Uroemae) is series of Korean children's science-fiction films created by Kim Cheong-gi and originally starring Shim Hyung-rae as the titular hero. The series began in 1986 and released 6 films by 1989. The sixth Ureme film starred Han Jeong-ho as the lead role, but Shim Hyung-Rae would return to star in Ureme 7, which was directed by Lim Jong-ho but written and produced by Kim Cheong-gi.

Ureme 8 was released in 1993, reuniting Kim Cheong-gi as director and Shim Hyung-Rae as the lead role. The series ended in that year with Ureme 9.
Bott cannibalistic class
In mathematics, the Bott cannibalistic class, introduced by Raoul Bott (1962), is an  element  of the representation ring of a compact Lie group that describes the action of the Adams operation  on the Thom class  of a complex representation . The term "cannibalistic" for these classes was introduced by Frank Adams.

Raoul Bott
Raoul Bott (September 24, 1923 – December 20, 2005) was a Hungarian-American mathematician known for numerous foundational contributions to geometry in its broad sense. He is best known for his Bott periodicity theorem, the Morse–Bott functions which he used in this context, and the Borel–Bott–Weil theorem.
Madurai railway division
Madurai railway division is one of the six railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Southern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Officially created in 1956, it spans over 1,356 km (843 mi) making it the largest railway division of the Southern Railways.  Prior to the formation of the Thiruvananthapuram railway division which was carved out of the division, it was one of the largest railway divisions in the country.  Currently it covers up to twelve districts of Tamil Nadu and one in Kerala.  It is headquartered in Madurai.

Major revenue generating junctions in the division are Madurai, Tirunelveli, Dindigul.  In these stations most of the train halt and rake reversals takes place and also passenger foot fall is high.

Tirunelveli Junction railway station
Tirunelveli Junction railway station (also known as Nellai Junction railway station)(station code: TEN) is an NSG–2 category Indian railway station in Madurai railway division of Southern Railway zone. It serves the city of Tirunelveli, located in Tirunelveli district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

The Nellai Express – a super-fast train connecting Tirunelveli and Chennai Egmore – runs packed almost throughout the year. The station is one of the oldest on the Indian railway network, built in 1893.

It acts as a major railway junction and every train passing through this station has a mandatory halt here in any of the available 5 platforms. Passenger trains towards Sengottai railway station, Tiruchendur railway station, Tuticorin Railway Station, Nagercoil Junction railway station, Erode Junction railway station, Tiruchirappalli Junction railway station departs from here.
Tereska Torrès
Tereska Torrès (born Tereska Szwarc; 3 September 1920 – 20 September 2012) was a French writer known for the 1950 book Women's Barracks, the first "original paperback bestseller." In 2008, historians credited the republished book as the first pulp fiction book published in America to candidly address lesbian relationships, although Torrès did not agree with this analysis.

Lesbian literature
Lesbian literature is a subgenre of literature addressing lesbian themes. It includes poetry, plays, fiction addressing lesbian characters, and non-fiction about lesbian-interest topics. A similar term is sapphic literature, encompassing works that feature love between women that are not necessarily lesbian.

Fiction that falls into this category may be of any genre, such as historical fiction, science fiction, fantasy, horror, and romance.
Merredin, Western Australia
Merredin (/ˈmɛrədɪn/) is a town in Western Australia, located in the central Wheatbelt roughly midway between Perth and Kalgoorlie, on Route 94, Great Eastern Highway. It is located on the route of the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme, and as a result is also on the Golden Pipeline Heritage Trail.

It is connected by public transport to Perth via the Prospector and MerredinLink rail services.

Goldfields Water Supply Scheme
The Goldfields Water Supply Scheme is a pipeline and dam project that delivers potable water from Mundaring Weir in Perth to communities in Western Australia's Eastern Goldfields, particularly Coolgardie and Kalgoorlie. The project was commissioned in 1896 and completed in 1903.

The pipeline continues to operate today, supplying water to over 100,000 people in over 33,000 households as well as mines, farms and other enterprises.
Matt Lindland
Matthew James Lindland (born May 17, 1970), is an American retired mixed martial artist, Olympic wrestler, speaker, actor, coach, entrepreneur, and politician. He won the Oregon Republican Party's nomination for the Oregon House of Representatives, District 52 seat on May 20, 2008. He also started an apparel company named Dirty Boxer. In mixed martial arts, Lindland competed primarily in the Middleweight division for the UFC, Strikeforce. Affliction, the IFL, Cage Rage,  the WFA, and BodogFIGHT.

International Fight League
The International Fight League was an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion billed as the world's first MMA league. It was founded on January 7, 2006, and closed on July 31, 2008. Instead of the established norm for MMA events, where matchups are strictly one-on-one affairs, each IFL card was a showdown between two camps of at least three fighters, each fighter fighting one match against another in the opposing camps.
Jonathan Simms
Jonathan Simms (1 June 1984 – 5 March 2011) was a man from Belfast, Northern Ireland, who contracted variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD) in his late teenage years. He was given a post-diagnosis life expectancy of one year, similar to that of other young people who were diagnosed in the same age bracket. However, due to his receiving experimental treatment for the disease (of pentosan polysulfate), he lived for another ten years after diagnosis, although his higher functions were severely limited.

Pentosan polysulfate
Pentosan polysulfate, sold under the brand name Elmiron among others, is a medication used for interstitial cystitis. Evidence of benefit, however, is mixed as of 2024. It is recommended that the medication be stopped if there is no improvement within 6 months. It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1996.
River Lee
The River Lee (Irish: An Laoi) is a river in Ireland.  It rises in the Shehy Mountains on the western border of County Cork and flows eastwards through Cork, where it splits in two for a short distance, creating an island on which Cork's city centre is built, then passes through Cork Harbour on the south coast, one of the largest natural harbours in the world, to empty into the Celtic Sea.  The catchment area of the River Lee is 1,253 km2. The long-term average flow rate of the River Lee is 40.4 cubic metres per second (m3/s).

A hydro-electric scheme was built on the river, upstream from Cork City, and this part of the river now contains the Carrigadrohid and Inniscarra reservoirs. The river is crossed by 42 bridges, 29 of which are in Cork City, and one tunnel. The river also provides an 8-kilometre (5.0 mi) stretch of salmon fishing.

Inniscarra Lake
Inniscarra Lake is located along the River Lee in County Cork, Ireland. It is a man-made reservoir formed in the 1950s when Inniscarra Dam was constructed by the Electricity Supply Board. Construction of the dam commenced in 1953, with its floodgates first closed in 1956 and the reservoir fully formed by late 1957.

The National Rowing Center is located on its banks and the Irish National Rowing Championships and other regattas are hosted there. The Coupe de la Jeunesse, a European youth rowing event, was held on Inniscarra Lake in 1999, 2008 and 2018.

The lake is located largely within the civil parish of Inniscarra, and nearby settlements include Farran (on the reservoir's south bank) and Coachford and Dripsey (to the north).

Fish stocks in the reservoir include rudd, roach, carp, perch, gudgeon, eels, pike and bream.
5001st Composite Wing
The 5001st Composite Wing is a defunct United States Air Force organization. Throughout its existence, it was assigned to the Alaskan Air Command and stationed at Ladd Air Force Base, Alaska.

It was established as the Yukon Composite Wing on 15 June 1948, and then redesignated as the 5001st Composite Wing on 20 September 1948. It was inactivated on 1 October 1957 when the four digit unit designations on Ladd got changed to 5060th.

Ladd Army Airfield
Ladd Army Airfield (IATA: FBK, ICAO: PAFB, FAA LID: FBK) is the military airfield located at Fort Wainwright in Fairbanks, Alaska. It was originally called Fairbanks Air Base, but was renamed Ladd Field on 1 December 1939, in honor of Major Arthur K. Ladd, a pilot in the U.S. Army Air Corps who died in a plane crash near Dale, South Carolina on 13 December 1935.
Always on the Run (Isaak song)
"Always on the Run" is a song by German singer-songwriter Isaak. It was written by Isaak, Kevin Lehr, Leo Jupiter, and Greg Taro, and jointly released on 19 January 2024 between Good Kid Records and Polydor Records. "Always on the Run" represented Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024, where it finished in 12th place with 117 points.

Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024
Germany was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 with the song "Always on the Run", written by Greg Taro, Isaak Guderian, Kevin Lehr, and Leo Salminen, and performed by Isaak himself. The German participating broadcaster on behalf of ARD, Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR), organised the national final Eurovision Song Contest – Das deutsche Finale 2024 in order to select their entry for the contest.

As a member of the "Big Five", Germany automatically qualified to compete in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest. Performing in position 3, Germany placed twelfth out of the 25 performing countries with 117 points, achieving its best result since 2018.