hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frederik Klokker
Frederik Andreas Klokker (born 13 March 1983) is a Danish cricketer, who has played for Denmark's national cricket team. Klokker is a left-handed batsman and wicket-keeper. He was born in Odense, Funen County. In August 2021, he made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut for the Danish national side as the team's captain.

Denmark national cricket team
The Denmark national cricket team represents Denmark in international cricket. They have been an associate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1966, and have previously been a part of the ICC's High Performance Programme.

Denmark played in the inaugural edition of the ICC Cricket World Cup Challenge League, starting in August 2019, as a result of finishing in Division Three of the now defunct World Cricket League.
Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission
The Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (FCIC) was established in 2010 in the United States to investigate the causes of the 2008 financial crisis. The commission, led by Phil Angelides, held public hearings, gathered testimony from hundreds, and released its report in January 2011.

The report concluded that "the collapse of the housing bubble—fueled by low interest rates, easy and available credit, scant regulation, and toxic mortgages—that was the spark that ignited" events leading to the financial crisis.

The commission was explicit in its concerns about insurance giant American International Group, financial giants Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers, and mortgage giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, each of which the government brought under consideration for financial rescue.

Phil Angelides
Phillip Nicholas Angelides /ˌændʒəˈliːdɪs/ AN-jə-LEE-dis; born June 12, 1953) is an American politician and real estate dveloper who served as the California State Treasurer from 1999 to 2007. A member of the Democratic Party, Angelides was the party's nominee for Governor of California in 2006. Angelides later served as the chair of the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, which was charged with investigating the causes of the 2008 financial crisis and presenting a report on their findings to the United States Congress.
Franquelin Lake
Lake Franquelin (French: Lac Franquelin, pronounced [lak fʁɑ̃klɛ̃]) is a freshwater body of the watershed of Franquelin River, in the unorganized territory of Rivière-aux-Outardes, in the Manicouagan, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

The surroundings of Lac Franquelin are served by a few forest roads which indirectly connect south to the route 138.

Forestry is the main economic activity around the lake.

The surface of Lake Franquelin is usually frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March; however, traffic on the ice is generally safe from mid-December to mid-March.

Franquelin River
The Franquelin River (French: rivière Franquelin, pronounced [ʁivjɛʁ fʁɑ̃klɛ̃]) is located in the unorganized territory of Rivière-aux-Outardes and the municipality of Franquelin, in the Manicouagan Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

The Franqueline river valley is served by the route 138 which passes at its mouth. The rest of the valley is served by various forest roads for the needs of forestry and recreational tourism activities.

The surface of the Franquelin River is usually frozen from the beginning of November to the end of April, except the rapids areas; however, safe circulation on the ice is generally from late November to early April.
Poul Nyrup Rasmussen IV Cabinet
After the 1998 Danish parliamentary election, the sitting Danish Prime Minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen was able to reform the government coalition of his own Social Democrats and the Danish Social Liberal Party. The resulting cabinet, which replaced the Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen III, was formed on 23 March 1998 and was called the Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen IV.

The cabinet was replaced by the Cabinet of Anders Fogh Rasmussen I on 27 November 2001, after the Liberal Party's Anders Fogh Rasmussen had gained parliamentary support in the 2001 Danish parliamentary election.

Poul Nyrup Rasmussen III Cabinet
After the Centre Democrats left the government coalition in 1996, the sitting Danish Prime Minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen was able to form a government coalition of his own Social Democrats and the Danish Social Liberal Party. The resulting cabinet, which replaced the Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen II, was formed on 30 December 1996 and was called the Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen III.

The cabinet was replaced by the Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen IV on 23 March 1998 after the 1998 Danish parliamentary election.
Fewer versus less
Fewer versus less is a debate in English grammar about the appropriate use of these two determiners. Linguistic prescriptivists usually say that fewer and not less should be used with countable nouns, and that less should be used only with uncountable nouns. This distinction was first tentatively suggested by the grammarian Robert Baker in 1770, and it was eventually presented as a rule by many grammarians since then. A similar proposed distinction exists for the words fewest and least. However, modern linguistics has shown that idiomatic past and current usage consists of the word less being used with both countable nouns and uncountable nouns. While the prescriptive rule for the use of the word fewer stands, the traditional rule for the use of the word less does not. As Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of English Usage explains, "Less refers to quantity or amount among things that are measured and to number among things that are counted."

Count noun
In linguistics, a  count noun (also countable noun) is a noun that can be modified by a quantity and that occurs in both singular and plural forms, and that can co-occur with quantificational determiners like every, each, several, etc. A mass noun has none of these properties: It cannot be modified by a number, cannot occur in plural, and cannot co-occur with quantificational determiners.
Mason Peatling
Mason Peatling (born 31 March 1997) is an Australian professional basketball player for the Illawarra Hawks of the National Basketball League (NBL). He is also contracted with the Illawarra Hawks NBL1 team of the NBL1 East. He played college basketball for the Eastern Washington Eagles.

Eastern Washington Eagles men's basketball
The Eastern Washington Eagles men's basketball team represents Eastern Washington University in Cheney, Washington, United States. The school's team currently competes in the Big Sky Conference, of which it has been a member since 1987. The Eagles have appeared in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament three times, most recently in 2021.
Howland Fish
Howland Fish (December 8, 1786 – June 21, 1862) was an American legislator and lawyer.

He was born in Dutchess County, New York, the son of Peter Fish and Elsie Howland Fish. He graduated from Yale College in 1809.  He studied law with the late Philip Parker of Hudson, New York, and pursued the profession with success in Johnstown, Glen, and Fultonville.  He represented Montgomery County, New York, three times in the New York State Legislature, was an active member of the Constitutional Convention of 1820, and in later years held the office of District Attorney.

Fish was married and had at least four sons. He died at Fultonville, New York, at the age of 75.

Fultonville, New York
Fultonville is a village in Montgomery County, New York, United States. The village is named after Robert Fulton, inventor of the steamboat. As of the 2020 census, the village had a population of 742.

Fultonville is on the south bank of the Mohawk River in the town of Glen. It is west of the city of Amsterdam.

In 2019, the area of the village that had been developed in the 19th and early 20th centuries was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Fultonville Historic District, in recognition of its well-preserved architecture from its original settlement, the era centering around the development of the Erie Canal and afterwards.
Typing rule
In type theory, a typing rule is an inference rule that describes how a type system assigns a type to a syntactic construction.: 94  These rules may be applied by the type system to determine if a program is well-typed and what type expressions have.  A prototypical example of the use of typing rules is in defining type inference in the simply typed lambda calculus, which is the internal language of Cartesian closed categories.

Simply typed lambda calculus
The simply typed lambda calculus (⁠⁠), a form
of type theory, is a typed interpretation of the lambda calculus with only one type constructor (⁠⁠) that builds function types. It is the canonical and simplest example of a typed lambda calculus.  The simply typed lambda calculus was originally introduced by Alonzo Church in 1940 as an attempt to avoid paradoxical use of the untyped lambda calculus.

The term simple type is also used to refer to extensions of the simply typed lambda calculus with constructs such as products, coproducts or natural numbers (System T) or even full recursion (like PCF). In contrast, systems that introduce polymorphic types (like System F) or dependent types (like the Logical Framework) are not considered simply typed.  The simple types, except for full recursion, are still considered  simple because the Church encodings of such structures can be done using only  and suitable type variables, while polymorphism and dependency cannot.
The Gryphon School
The Gryphon School is a Church of England secondary school with academy status for 11 to 18-year-olds in Sherborne, Dorset, England. The school has been the largest member of the Academy Trust "Sherborne Area Schools' Trust" (SAST) since June 2017. Established in September 1992, student numbers have grown steadily from 850 to almost 1,600 as of September 2017. The sixth form has around 400 students and teaches a variety of A-levels. In September 2005, the school achieved Business and Enterprise Specialist School. - However the school no longer uses this as its title following the re-brand in 2013. The school includes the Main Gryphon Secondary School, The Gryphon Sixth Form and Forget Me Not nursery.

Sherborne
Sherborne is a market town and civil parish in north west Dorset, in South West England. It is sited on the River Yeo, on the edge of the Blackmore Vale, 6 miles (10 kilometres) east of Yeovil. The parish includes the hamlets of Nether Coombe and Lower Clatcombe. The A30 road, which connects London to Penzance, runs through the town. In the 2021 census the population of Sherborne was 10,361.

Sherborne's historic buildings include Sherborne Abbey, its manor house, independent schools, and two castles: the ruins of a 12th-century fortified palace and the 16th-century mansion known as Sherborne Castle built by Sir Walter Raleigh. Much of the old town, including much of the abbey and many medieval and Georgian buildings, is built from distinctive honey-brown coloured Sherborne Stone.

The town is served by Sherborne railway station.
MG 15
The MG 15 was a German 7.92 mm machine gun designed specifically as a hand-manipulated defensive gun for combat aircraft during the early 1930s.  By 1941 it was replaced by other types and found new uses with ground troops.

Type 98/Type 1 machine gun
The Army Type 98 and Navy Type 1 machine gun were license-built variants of the German MG 15 machine gun intended for aerial use and occasional field use in the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy  during World War II.
Qingtan
Qingtan (Chinese: 清談; pinyin: Qīngtán; Wade–Giles: Ch'ing1-t'an2; lit. 'pure conversation') was a Chinese philosophical movement and social practice among political and intellectual elites which developed during the Wei-Jin (魏晉) period and continued on through the Southern and Northern dynasties. Originating among Daoist scholars, particularly those belonging to the syncretic Xuanxue school, qingtan involved "pure conversation" concerning metaphysics and philosophy in the form of informal gatherings for discourse and debate. These gatherings originated as politically impartial continuations of the more explicitly politically "pure criticism" (清議) protests of the later Han dynasty. As their popularity increased, these conversations were enriched by the participation of Buddhist and Confucian scholars. Consequently, their scope broadened to include a greater variety of perspectives and topics, including the discussion of Confucian ethics and Buddhist sutras.

Xuanxue
Xuanxue (simplified Chinese: 玄学; traditional Chinese: 玄學; pinyin: Xuánxué; Wade–Giles: Hsüan2-hsüeh2), sometimes called Neo-Taoism or Neo-Daoism, is a metaphysical post-classical Chinese philosophy from the Six Dynasties (222-589), bringing together Taoist and Confucian beliefs through revision and discussion. The movement found its scriptural support both in Taoist and drastically reinterpreted Confucian sources. Xuanxue, or "Mystic Learning", came to reign supreme in cultural circles, especially at Jiankang during the period of division. The concept represented the more abstract, unworldly, and idealistic tendency in early medieval Chinese thought. Xuanxue philosophers combined elements of Confucianism and Taoism to reinterpret the I Ching, Daodejing and Zhuangzi.
Yakovlev MC-21
The Yakovlev MC-21 (Russian: Яковлев МС-21) is a single-aisle airliner, under development in Russia by the Yakovlev Corporation (formerly known as Irkut Corporation), a branch of the United Aircraft Corporation (UAC), itself a 92%-owned subsidiary of Russia's state-owned aviation giant Rostec. The variant MC-21-310 of the airliner powered by the Russian-made Aviadvigatel PD-14 engine made its maiden flight on 15 December 2020 from Irkutsk.

Aviadvigatel PD-14
The Aviadvigatel PD-14 (Russian: Авиадвигатель ПД-14) is a wide family of high-bypass turbofan engines that was developed by Aviadvigatel to power the Yakovlev MC-21 twin-jet airliner. Previously known as the PS-12, it is a 14 tf (30,865 lbf) thrust powerplant that allegedly features many new technologies. The goal of the program was to develop a modern fuel efficient power plant capable of competing with modern Western engines. A substantial focus has been placed on fuel economy, emissions and international serviceability, areas of traditional weakness for Russian engines such as the Aviadvigatel PS-90. The engines certification testing remains ongoing in 2026, however current performance claims put the engine on par with the CFM International LEAP and about 5% behind the Pratt & Whitney PW1000G in fuel economy.
Sutton Place, Surrey
Sutton Place, 3 miles (4.8 km) north-east of Guildford in Surrey, is a large Grade I listed Tudor prodigy house built c. 1525 by Sir Richard Weston (d. 1541), a courtier of Henry VIII.

It is of importance to art history in showing some of the earliest traces of Italianate Renaissance design elements in English architecture. In modern times, the estate has had a series of wealthy owners, initially J. Paul Getty, then the world's richest private citizen, who spent the last 17 years of his life there. It is currently owned by a discretionary irrevocable trust created by an Uzbek Russian billionaire Alisher Usmanov. A definitive history of the house and manor, first published in 1893, was written by Frederic Harrison (d. 1923), jurist and historian, whose father had acquired the lease in 1874.

Frederic Harrison
Frederic Harrison (18 October 1831 – 14 January 1923) was a British jurist and historian. A leading figure in the English Positivist movement and a disciple of Auguste Comte, he was known for his wide-ranging contributions to political philosophy, legal theory, and public discourse. Harrison was a prolific writer and lecturer whose works spanned history, law, religion, literature, and international affairs. He played a prominent role in Victorian intellectual life, contributing regularly to influential periodicals such as The Fortnightly Review, and was noted for his radical political stance in support of trade union rights, universal education, and democratic reform.
Division One League
The Division One League, currently known as the Access Bank Division One League for sponsorship reasons, is the second tier football league in Ghana organized by the Ghana Football Association. The winner of each of the three zones will be promoted to the Ghana Premier League.

Ghana Premier League
The Ghana Premier League is the top professional association football league in Ghana organized by the Ghana Football Association and formed in 1958 to replace a previous league incarnation, the Gold Coast Club Competition which ran from 1933 to 1953–54. As of the first quarter of 2024, the league was ranked as the 8th best league in Africa by TeamForm.com.

Asante Kotoko is the most successful team in the league with 25 titles, followed by Accra Hearts of Oak with 20. The bottom 3 teams are relegated at the end of each season and placed in each zone of the Ghanaian Division One League.

The 2019–20 season was halted and eventually cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana that mirrored the cause of postponement or cancellation of association football leagues and competitions across the globe.
Balša II
Balša Balšić (Serbian Cyrillic: Балша Балшић; Albanian: Balsha II; died 18 September 1385) or Balša II was the Lord of Lower Zeta from 1378 to 1385.
He was a member of the Balšić noble family, which ruled Zeta (with Scutari) from c. 1362 to 1421.

Đurađ I Balšić
Đurađ I Balšić (Serbian Cyrillic: Ђурађ I Балшић; Albanian: Gjergj I Balsha) was the Lord of Zeta between 1362 and 13 January 1378. He was the eldest of the three sons of Balša I, and belonged to the Balšić family.
Purang County
Purang County or Burang County
(Tibetan: སྤུ་ཧྲེང་རྫོང; Chinese: 普兰县) is an administrative division of Ngari Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) of China. The county seat is Purang Town, known as Taklakot in Nepali. The county covers an area of 12,539 square kilometres (4,841 sq mi), and has a population of 9,657 as of 2010.

Zanda County
Zanda County or Tsamda County (Tibetan: རྩ་མདའ་རྫོང, Chinese: 札达县) is a county in the Ngari Prefecture to the extreme west of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Its seat of power is at Tholing, the former capital of the Guge kingdom. Zanda (Tsamda) was established in 1956 through a merger of Tsaparang and Daba counties.

Zanda County is bounded by India's Himachal Pradesh state to the west, Uttarakhand State to the south, Ladakh to the northwest, Gar County to the northeast and Burang County to the southeast. Ancient Zanda horse (Hipparion zandaense) skeletons have been found in Zanda County's Sutlej basin.
Mississippi Highway 35
Mississippi Highway 35 (MS 35) is a state highway in Mississippi. It runs north–south for 274.7 miles (442.1 km), beginning at the Louisiana state line and ending at a junction with MS 315 at Sardis Dam. MS 35 serves the counties of Marion, Jefferson Davis, Covington, Smith, Scott, Leake, Attala, Carroll, Grenada, Tallahatchie, and Panola.

Jefferson Davis County, Mississippi
Jefferson Davis County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,321. Its county seat is Prentiss. The county is named after Mississippi Senator and Confederate President Jefferson Davis. The county was carved out of Covington and Lawrence counties in March 1906. Governor James K. Vardaman signed the bill creating the county on May 9, 1906.
Great Council of Venice
The Great Council or Major Council (Italian: Maggior Consiglio; Venetian: Mazor Consegio) was a political organ of the Republic of Venice between 1172 and 1797. It was the chief political assembly, responsible for electing many of the other political offices and the senior councils that ran the Republic, passing laws, and exercising judicial oversight. Following the lockout (Serrata) of 1297, its membership was established on hereditary right, exclusive to the patrician families enrolled in the Golden Book of the Venetian nobility.

The Great Council was unique at the time in its usage of lottery to select nominators for proposal of candidates, who were thereafter voted upon.

Concio
The Concio (from the Latin contio, "assembly"), in the Republic of Venice, was the general assembly of freemen (citizens and patricians) from which the Doge was elected. It existed between the years 742 and 1423, although it was mostly ceremonial after the Serrata del Maggior Consiglio passed power into the hands of the aristocratic class.
Mason County, Washington
Mason County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,726. The county seat and only incorporated city is Shelton. The county was formed out of Thurston County on March 13, 1854. Originally named Sawamish County, it took its present name in 1864 in honor of Charles H. Mason, the first Secretary of Washington Territory.

Mason County comprises the Shelton micropolitan statistical area and is included in the Seattle-Tacoma combined statistical area.

Thurston County, Washington
Thurston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 294,793. The county seat is Olympia, the state capital.

Thurston County was created out of Lewis County by the government of Oregon Territory on January 12, 1852. At that time, it covered all of the Puget Sound region and the Olympic Peninsula. On December 22 of the same year, Pierce, King, Island, and Jefferson counties were split off from Thurston County. It is named after Samuel R. Thurston, the Oregon Territory's first delegate to Congress. Today, the county includes the southernmost part of the South Puget Sound and areas south along the I-5 corridor.

Thurston County comprises the Olympia–Lacey–Tumwater, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Seattle–Tacoma, WA Combined Statistical Area.
Zubir Said
Zubir bin Said SK BBM (/sɑːˈeɪd/ sah-AYD; 22 July 1907 – 16 November 1987) was a Singaporean composer most notable for composing the national anthem of his country, "Majulah Singapura" – "Onward Singapore".

A self-taught musician, Zubir also worked as a score arranger and songwriter for Cathay Organisation's Keris Film Productions for 12 years, composing numerous songs for the company's Malay Singaporean films. He is believed to have written up to 1,500 songs, with less than 10% of them ever recorded.

Sijil Kemuliaan
The Sijil Kemuliaan (English: Certificate of Honour) is a decoration instituted in 1962. It is typically awarded to Singaporeans, but in special circumstances may be awarded to foreigners as an honorary award (i.e. the Honorary Certificate of Honour).

The medal of the award bears the inscription Kerana Jasa Untok Negara which translates to "For Services to the State" in Malay. There are currently no living recipients of the award in Singapore. Recipients of the honour are entitled to use the post-nominal letters SK.
Carpometacarpal bossing
Carpometacarpal bossing (or metacarpal/carpal bossing) is a small, immovable mass of bone on the back of the wrist. The mass occurs in one of the joints between the carpus and metacarpus of the hand, called the carpometacarpal joints, where a small immovable protuberance occurs when this joint becomes swollen or bossed.

The joint between the index metacarpal and the capitate is a fibrous non-mobile joint.  Some people have a gene that leads to this growth.  It looks like arthritis (bone spurs on each side of the joint) on X-ray.  It looks like a ganglion on the hand, but more towards the fingertips.

Metacarpal bones
In human anatomy, the metacarpal  bones or metacarpus, also known as the "palm bones", are the appendicular bones that form the intermediate part of the hand between the phalanges (fingers) and the carpal bones (wrist bones), which articulate with the forearm. The metacarpal bones are homologous to the metatarsal bones in the foot.