hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elpistostegalia
Paleontology portal

Elpistostegalia is a clade containing Panderichthys and all more derived tetrapodomorph taxa. The earliest elpistostegalians, combining fishlike and tetrapod-like characters, such as Tiktaalik, are sometimes called fishapods. Although historically Elpistostegalia (referred to as Panderichthyida) was considered an order of prehistoric lobe-finned fishes, it was cladistically redefined to include tetrapods.

Panderichthys
Panderichthys is a genus of extinct sarcopterygian (lobe-finned fish) from the late Devonian period, about 380 Mya. Panderichthys, which was recovered from Frasnian (early Late Devonian) deposits in Latvia, is represented by two species. P. stolbovi is known only from some snout fragments and an incomplete lower jaw. P. rhombolepis is known from several more complete specimens. Although it probably belongs to a sister group of the earliest tetrapods, Panderichthys exhibits a range of features transitional between tristichopterid lobe-fin fishes (e.g., Eusthenopteron) and early tetrapods. It is named after the German-Baltic paleontologist Christian Heinrich Pander. Possible tetrapod tracks dating back to before the appearance of Panderichthys in the fossil record were reported in 2010, which suggests that Panderichthys is not a direct ancestor of tetrapods, but nonetheless shows the traits that evolved during the fish-tetrapod evolution.
Batukeshwar Dutt
Batukeshwar Dutta  (or Dutta; 18 November 1910 – 20 July 1965) was an Indian socialist and independence fighter in the early 1900s. He is best known for having exploded two bombs, along with Bhagat Singh, in the Central Legislative Assembly in New Delhi on 8 April 1929. After they were arrested, tried and imprisoned for life, he and Singh initiated a historic hunger strike protesting against the abusive treatment of Indian political prisoners, and eventually secured some rights for them. He was also a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.

Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), previously known as the Hindustan Republican Army and Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), was a left-wing Indian revolutionary organization, founded by Sachindranath Sanyal. After changes in Bhagat Singh's ideology and the influence of the Russian Revolution, they held meetings in Feroz Shah Kotla Maidan and added the word socialist to their name. Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Sachindra Nath Bakshi, Sachindranath Sanyal and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee were the leaders of the group at the time. HSRA's manifesto titled The Revolutionary and written constitution were produced as evidence in the Kakori conspiracy case of 1925.
Isaiah Zagar
Isaiah Zagar (March 18, 1939 – February 19, 2026) was an American mosaic artist based in Philadelphia. He completed more than 200 murals, mainly of mixed media and primarily in or around Philadelphia's South Street.

South Street (Philadelphia)
South Street in Philadelphia, initially named Cedar Street in William Penn's original street grid, is an east–west street forming the southern border of Center City and the northern border for South Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, United States.

The South Street Headhouse District between Front and 7th or 8th streets is a neighborhood known for its bohemian, punk, and alternative atmosphere and its diverse urban mix of shops, bars, and eateries. South Street is one of Philadelphia's largest and most prominent tourist attractions.
Mediterranean Expeditionary Force
The Mediterranean Expeditionary Force (MEF) was the part of the British Army during World War I  that commanded all Allied forces at Gallipoli and Salonika. It was formed in March 1915, under the command of General Sir Ian Hamilton, at the beginning of the Gallipoli campaign of the First World War.

Ian Hamilton (British Army officer)
General Sir Ian Standish Monteith Hamilton, GCB, GCMG, DSO, TD (16 January 1853 – 12 October 1947) was a senior British Army officer who had an extensive British Imperial military career in the Victorian and Edwardian eras. Hamilton was twice recommended for the Victoria Cross, but on the first occasion was considered too young, and on the second too senior. He was wounded in action at the Battle of Majuba during the First Boer War, which rendered his left hand permanently injured. Near the end of his career, he commanded the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force in the Gallipoli campaign of the First World War.
Utah State Route 132
State Route 132 (SR-132) is a 63.132-mile-long (101.601 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Utah. It connects U.S. Route 6 (US-6) in Lynndyl to US-89 at Pigeon Hollow Junction, crossing Interstate 15 (I-15) in Nephi.

Interstate 15 in Utah
Interstate 15 (I-15) runs north–south in the U.S. state of Utah through the southwestern and central portions of the state, passing through most of the state's population centers, including St. George and those comprising the Wasatch Front: Provo–Orem, Salt Lake City, and Ogden–Clearfield. It is Utah's primary and only north–south interstate highway, as the vast majority of the state's population lives along its corridor; the Logan metropolitan area is the state's only Metropolitan Statistical Area through which I-15 does not pass. In 1998, the Utah State Legislature designated Utah's entire portion of the road as the Veterans Memorial Highway.
Gazon de Faîte
The Gazon de Faîte refers to a granite summit in the Vosges Mountains located on the ridge line between the Col du Bonhomme and the Col de la Schlucht, south of the Gazon du Faing and north of the Tanet or the Haut-Fourneau.

Vosges
The Vosges (/voʊʒ/ VOHZH, French: [voʒ] ⓘ; German: Vogesen [voˈɡeːzn̩] ⓘ; Franconian and Alemannic German: Vogese) is a range of medium mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single geomorphological unit and low mountain range of around 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi) in area. It runs in a north-northeast direction from the Burgundian Gate (the Belfort–Ronchamp–Lure line) to the Börrstadt Basin (the Winnweiler–Börrstadt–Göllheim line), and forms the western boundary of the Upper Rhine Plain.

The Grand Ballon is the highest peak at 1,424 m (4,672 ft), followed by the Storkenkopf (1,366 m, 4,482 ft), and the Hohneck (1,364 m, 4,475 ft).
GURPS Illuminati University
GURPS Illuminati University (1995) (ISBN 1-55634-206-3), also called GURPS IOU, is a 128-page softbound campaign setting sourcebook for the GURPS role-playing game. Page 11 is notably the first printed appearance of Agatha Heterodyne, the star of the 2001 comic series Girl Genius.

Girl Genius
Girl Genius is an ongoing comic book series turned webcomic, written and drawn by Phil and Kaja Foglio and published by their company Studio Foglio LLC under the imprint Airship Entertainment. The comic won the Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story three times, has been nominated for a Hugo Award for Best Professional Artist and twice for Eisner Awards, and won multiple WCCA awards.

Girl Genius has the tagline of "Adventure, Romance, Mad Science!". It follows the main character Agatha Heterodyne (introduced in 1995) through an alternate-history Victorian-style "steampunk" setting, although elements veer from what is usually thought of as steampunk. Kaja Foglio describes it as "gaslamp fantasy" instead to suggest its more fantastic style.

As well as the comics, the Foglios have also written four Girl Genius novels, all published by Night Shade Books, and two games based on the world have been made.
Pertwood
Pertwood is an ancient settlement and former civil parish, near Warminster in the county of Wiltshire in the west of England. Its land and houses now lie in the parishes of Brixton Deverill, East Knoyle, Sutton Veny and Chicklade, and have fewer than twenty inhabitants.

The settlements are close together at Upper Pertwood (also called Higher Pertwood) and Lower Pertwood. Higher Pertwood is now Pertwood Manor Farm, while Lower Pertwood is Pertwood Organic Farm.

Sutton Veny
Sutton Veny is a village and civil parish in the Wylye valley, to the southeast of the town of Warminster in Wiltshire, England; the village is about 3 miles (5 km) from Warminster town centre. 'Sutton' means 'south farmstead' in relation to Norton Bavant, one mile (1.6 km) to the north. 'Veny' may be a French family name or may describe the village's fenny situation. In 2011 the parish had a population of 734.

The parish is bounded in the northeast by the Wylye, and in the east includes part of the village of Tytherington. In 1885 when the small parish of Pertwood was extinguished, its northern section was transferred to Sutton Veny.
1993 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game
The 1993 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game was a postseason college football game between the Youngstown State Penguins and the Marshall Thundering Herd. The game was played on December 18, 1993, at Marshall University Stadium in Huntington, West Virginia. The culminating game of the 1993 NCAA Division I-AA football season, it was won by Youngstown State, 17–5.  This was the third consecutive season that these two teams met in the championship game.

1993 NCAA Division I-AA football season
The 1993 NCAA Division I-AA football season, part of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the Division I-AA level, began in August 1993, and concluded with the 1993 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game on December 18, 1993, at Marshall University Stadium in Huntington, West Virginia. The Youngstown State Penguins won their second I-AA championship, defeating the Marshall Thundering Herd by a score of 17−5. It was the third consecutive year that Marshall and Youngstown State faced off in the I-AA title game.
Forensic and Scientific Services
Coronial and Public Health Sciences (CPHS) is part of Queensland Health and provides specialist scientific and medical analysis and independent expert advice in the state of Queensland, Australia. It is sometimes referred to as the John Tonge Centre.

John Tonge Centre
The John Tonge Centre is the mortuary for Coronial and Public Health Sciences, Pathology Queensland (formerly Queensland Health Scientific Services, formerly 
Forensic and Scientific Services) and responsible for conducting autopsies in Brisbane (and much of South-East Queensland in Australia) on people whose deaths make them subject to the Coroners Act. Such deaths include accidents, suicides, homicides, deaths during surgery and anything for which a doctor is unwilling to issue a medical cause of death certificate for. In cases when the family is called upon to attend the Centre to identify a loved one support services are generally available. Staff at the mortuary performs some 2,000 autopsies annually and is adjacent to the Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital on Kessels Road in Coopers Plains.
Mochi ice cream
Mochi ice cream is a confection made from Japanese mochi (pounded sticky rice) with an ice cream filling. In the United States, it was pioneered by Japanese-American businesswoman and community activist Frances Hashimoto with help from her husband, Joel.

Mochi
Mochi (/ˈmoʊtʃiː/ MOH-chee; Japanese もち, 餅 [motɕi] ⓘ) is a Japanese rice cake made of mochigome (もち米), a short-grain japonica glutinous rice, and sometimes other ingredients such as water, sugar, and cornstarch. The steamed rice is pounded into paste and molded into the desired shape. In Japan, it is traditionally made in a ceremony called mochitsuki (餅搗き). While eaten year-round, mochi is a traditional food for the Japanese New Year, and is commonly sold and eaten during that time.

Mochi is made up of polysaccharides, lipids, protein, and water. Mochi has a varied structure of amylopectin gel, starch grains, and air bubbles. In terms of starch content, the rice used for mochi is very low in amylose and has a high amylopectin level, producing a gel-like consistency. The protein content of the japonica rice used to make mochi is higher than that of standard short-grain rice.

Mochi is similar to dango, which is made with rice flour instead of pounded rice grains.
Arav
Arav (/ɑːrəv/ born as Nafeez Kizar) is an Indian actor and model who works in the Tamil film industry. After making his acting debut through the Vijay Antony-starrer Saithan (2016), he became known after winning the first season of the Tamil reality television show Bigg Boss hosted by Kamal Haasan.

Bigg Boss (Tamil TV series) season 1
Bigg Boss is the first season of the Tamil-language  reality TV show Bigg Boss Tamil which is the Tamil version of the Big Brother. The first season aired on Star Vijay from June 25, 2017 to September 30, 2017. The season's presenter was Kamal Haasan and a lavish house set was constructed at EVP theme park, Chennai. This season is the shortest season in the Bigg Boss Tamil series excluding the Ultimate series.

The winner of the season was model/actor, Arav who received a cash prize of ₹50 lakh. Lyricist Snehan Sivaselvam was the runner-up.

Snehan, Suja Varunee and Maria Juliana returned as contestants in Bigg Boss Ultimate season 1. While Bindu Madhavi returned as a contestant in Bigg Boss Non-Stop season 1 and eventually she won it.
Vladimir Bulgakov
Vladimir Vasilyevich Bulgakov (born 1 January 1949) is a Russian retired colonel general. He last served as the commander of the Far Eastern Military District from 2006 to 2009, and previously as the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces from 2003 to 2006. His last promotion was to colonel general in 2001 and was awarded the title Hero of the Russian Federation in 2000.

Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces
The Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces (Russian: Главнокомандующий Сухопутными войсками России) is the chief commanding authority of the Russian Ground Forces. He is appointed by the President of Russia. The position dates to the period of the Russian Empire. The current Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces is Colonel General Andrey Mordvichev, in office since 15 May 2025.

From 1998 to 2001 the position was briefly called the Chief of the Main Directorate of the Ground Forces.
Kenya Crude Oil Pipeline
Kenya Crude Oil Pipeline, also Lokichar–Lamu Crude Oil Pipeline, is a proposed crude-oil pipeline in Kenya.  The pipeline will originate in the oil-rich South Lokichar Basin, near the town of Lokichar, in northwest Kenya to end at Port Lamu, on the Indian Ocean. The route will remain as originally planned in the Uganda–Kenya Crude Oil Pipeline, in August 2015. The route, was proposed by Toyota Tsusho, the consultant selected by the two governments of that now-abandoned project.

Uganda–Kenya Crude Oil Pipeline
The Uganda–Kenya Crude Oil Pipeline (UKCOP) was a proposed pipeline to transport crude oil from Uganda's oil fields in the Northern and Western Regions to the Kenyan port of Lamu on the Indian Ocean. Along the way, the pipeline would have picked up more crude oil from the South Lokichar Basin and other oil fields in northwestern Kenya and delivered it to Lamu for export. South Sudan had also planned to construct a pipeline from its Unity State, linking to the UKCOP as an alternative to its only current oil export route through Port Sudan in its northern neighbor Sudan.
Skate (fish)
Skates are cartilaginous fish belonging to the family Rajidae in the superorder Batoidea of rays. More than 150 species have been described, in 17 genera. Softnose skates and pygmy skates were previously treated as subfamilies of Rajidae (Arhynchobatinae and Gurgesiellinae), but are now considered as distinct families. Alternatively, the name "skate" is used to refer to the entire order of Rajiformes (families Anacanthobatidae, Arhynchobatidae, Gurgesiellidae and Rajidae).

Members of Rajidae are distinguished by a stiff snout and a rostrum that is not reduced.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.
Cindy Ossias
Cindy Ossias is an American lawyer.  In the early months of the year 2000, while serving as a long-time senior lawyer for the California Department of Insurance (CDI), Ossias leaked confidential documents exposing the allegedly illegal and corrupt activities of Chuck Quackenbush, then Insurance Commissioner of California and head of CDI, to the state legislative consultant investigating the Commissioner's actions.  In 2004, Ossias also took a seat as Director for California government watchdog group Californians Aware.

Chuck Quackenbush
Charles Quackenbush (born April 20, 1954) is an American former politician and Florida law enforcement officer. A Republican, he served as Insurance Commissioner of California from 1995 to 2000 and as a California State Assemblyman representing the 22nd District, from 1986 to 1994.
Mark Johnson (North Carolina politician)
Mark Johnson (born 1982/1983) is an American attorney and politician who served as North Carolina's Superintendent of Public Instruction for one term. A Republican, he was first elected in 2016, narrowly defeating incumbent June Atkinson. Prior to his election as state superintendent, Johnson served for two years on the Forsyth County School Board while working as a lawyer in Winston-Salem. Prior to attending law school, Johnson taught at West Charlotte High School for two years with Teach for America. He unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for North Carolina lieutenant governor in 2020.

June Atkinson
June St. Clair Atkinson (born August 19, 1948) was elected North Carolina Superintendent of Public Instruction on November 3, 2004, in a race that was decided by the North Carolina General Assembly on August 23, 2005. She was re-elected in 2008 and 2012.

As State Superintendent, Atkinson organized and managed the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction (DPI), and was secretary and Chief Administrative Officer of the North Carolina State Board of Education. She was also an ex officio member of the North Carolina Council of State.

Atkinson was narrowly defeated in her bid for a fourth term by political newcomer Mark Johnson, losing the 2016 general election in North Carolina by about 1.2 percent, and left office on January 1, 2017. Atkinson was the longest-serving state superintendent in the country when she left office and she was also the first woman to be elected to that post in the State of North Carolina.
Superblue (band)
Superblue was an American jazz ensemble that released two albums for Blue Note Records in 1988 and 1989. It was led by trumpeter Don Sickler. The ensemble played in the hard bop style of Blue Note acts of the 1950s and 1960s.

The Los Angeles Times wrote of the ensemble's debut, "[Bobby] Watson's ripe-toned alto on 'Summertime' and [Bill] Pierce's romping tenor on 'Sesame' are just two highlights of this excellent effort that reaffirms the lasting value of mainstream jazz." The Globe and Mail determined that the second album avoids the "out-and-out revivalism with little-big-band charts that remove the tunes to some distance from their funky origins".

Bill Pierce (saxophonist)
Bill Pierce (also Billy Pierce) (born September 25, 1948 in Hampton, Virginia) is an American jazz saxophonist.

He played with Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers in the early 1980s and in Tony Williams's quintet in the mid-1980s to early 1990s. He also has released numerous CDs for which he is the band leader.

He studied with Joe Viola and Andy McGhee at Berklee College of Music, and with Joe Allard.  He is the former chair of the school's woodwind department.
Blackrock, Cork
Blackrock is a suburb, with a village core, in the southeast of Cork City, Ireland. Originally a small fishing village about five kilometres from Cork City, the growth of the city over time has meant that the village has become incorporated into the city. It is home to Blackrock GAA club, Blackrock Castle, a weekly farmers market, and as of 2015 has seen some investment in regeneration projects for the traditional village centre. Blackrock is within the Cork South-Central Dáil constituency.

Blackrock Castle
Blackrock Castle is a castellated fortification located at Blackrock, about 2 km from Cork city centre on the banks of the River Lee in Ireland. Originally developed as a coastal defence fortification in the 16th century to protect upper Cork Harbour and port, the site now houses an observatory, visitor centre and restaurant.
Zeid bin Hussein
Zaid bin Hussein (Arabic: زيد بن الحسين;  (28 February 1898 – 18 October 1970) was an Iraqi prince who was a member of the Hashemite dynasty and the head of the Royal House of Iraq from 1958 until his death, after the royal line founded by his brother Faisal I of Iraq was killed.

Ra'ad bin Zeid
Ra'ad bin Zeid Al Hashimi (Arabic: رعد بن زيد; born 18 February 1936) is the son of Prince Zeid of the Hashemite House and Princess Fahrelnissa Zeid (Fakhr un-nisa or Fahr-El-Nissa), a Turkish noblewoman. His father died on October 18, 1970, leaving him in charge of the former Royal Houses of Iraq. Ra'ad has lived in London and Paris. As a grandson of King Hussein of Hejaz, Ra'ad is also 33rd in the line of succession to the Jordanian throne.
Plavie
Plavie (Ukrainian: Плав'є, Polish: Pławie) is a village (selo) in Stryi Raion, Lviv Oblast, in western Ukraine. The village is located in the Ukrainian Carpathians, within the limits of the Eastern Beskids (Skole Beskids) in southern Lviv Oblast. It belongs to Koziova rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Local government–Plavianska village council.

The first written mention of the settlement dates back to 1523.

Until 18 July 2020, Plavie belonged to Skole Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Skole Raion was merged into Stryi Raion.

Skole Raion
Skole Raion (Ukrainian: Сколівський район) was a raion (district) in Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was Skole. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Skole Raion was merged into Stryi Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 46,996 (2020 est.).

It was established in 1940.

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:

Kozova rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Kozova;

Skole urban hromada with the administration in Skole;

Slavske settlement hromada with the administration in the urban-type settlement of Slavske.