hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Smederevo Fortress
The Smederevo Fortress (Serbian: Cмeдepeвcκa твpђaвa / Smederevska tvrđava) is a medieval fortified city in Smederevo, Serbia, which was the temporary capital of Serbia in the Middle Ages. It was built between 1427 and 1430 on the order of Despot Đurađ Branković, the ruler of the Serbian Despotate. It was further fortified by the Ottoman Empire, which had taken the city in 1459.

The fortress withstood several sieges by Ottomans, surviving relatively unscathed. During World War II it was heavily damaged by explosions and bombing, despite which the fortress remained "one of the rare preserved courts of medieval Serbian rulers."

Smederevo Fortress was declared a national Monument of Culture of Exceptional Importance in 1979. In 2010, the fortress was placed on the tentative list for possible nomination as a World Heritage Site (UNESCO).

Smederevo
Smederevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Смедерево, pronounced [smêdereʋo] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of the Podunavlje District in eastern Serbia. It is situated on the right bank of the Danube, about 45 kilometres (28 miles) downstream of the Serbian capital, Belgrade.

According to the 2022 census, the city has a population of 59,261, with 97,930 people living in its administrative area.

Its history starts in the 1st century BC, after the conquest of the Roman Empire, when there existed a settlement by the name of Vinceia. The modern city traces its roots back to the Late Middle Ages when it was the capital (1430–39, and 1444–59) of the last independent Serbian state before Ottoman conquest.

Smederevo is said to be the city of iron (гвожђе / gvožđe) and grapes (грожђе / grožđe).
Bedales School
Bedales School is a coeducational boarding and day public school, in the village of Steep, near the market town of Petersfield in Hampshire, England. It was founded in 1893 by Amy Garrett Badley and John Haden Badley in reaction to the limitations of conventional Victorian schools and has been co-educational since 1898.

John Haden Badley
John Haden Badley (21 February 1865 – 6 March 1967) was an English author, educator, and founder of Bedales School, which claims to have become the first coeducational boarding public school in England in 1893.
Mexican Army
The Mexican Army (Spanish: Ejército Mexicano), also known as the National Defense Army, is the combined land and air branch of the Mexican Armed Forces. It includes the Mexican Air Force, the Special Forces Body, and the National Guard.

With an active-duty force of 261,773 servicemembers (as of 2024), the Army is the largest component of the Mexican Armed Forces and among the largest armies in the world. It is under the authority of the Secretariat of National Defense (Spanish: Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, SEDENA) and is headed by the Secretary of National Defence, who is directly answerable to the President.

The Mexican Army was the first to adopt (1908) and use (1910) a self-loading rifle, the Mondragón rifle.

Secretariat of National Defense
The Secretariat of National Defense (Spanish: Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, SEDENA) is the Mexican government department responsible for managing Mexico's Army and Air Forces. Its head is the Secretary of National Defense who, like the co-equal Secretary of the Navy, is directly answerable to the President. Before 1937, the position was called the Secretary of War and Navy (Secretaría de Guerra y Marina). The agency has its headquarters in Lomas de Sotelo, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City. Some key figures who answer directly to the Secretary are the Assistant Secretary, the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces, and all military tribunals.

Alongside his role as a cabinet member the Secretary shares, since 2020, the official ex officio title of "Commanding General of the Mexican Army, Air Force, and National Guard" (Alto Mando del Ejercito, Fuerza Aerea, y Guardia Nacional).
Henry Bouquet
Henry Bouquet (born Henri Louis Bouquet; 1719 – 2 September 1765) was a Swiss mercenary who rose to prominence in British service during the French and Indian War and Pontiac's War.

He is best known for his victory over a Native American force at the Battle of Bushy Run, which lifted the siege of Fort Pitt during Pontiac's War. During the conflict, Bouquet gained lasting infamy in an exchange of letters with his commanding officer, Jeffery Amherst, who suggested a form of biological warfare in the use of blankets infected with smallpox which were to be distributed to Native Americans. Despite this indictment historians have praised Bouquet for leading British forces in several demanding campaigns on the Western Frontier in which they "protected and rescued" settlers from increasingly frequent attacks.

Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst
Field Marshal Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst, KB (29 January 1717 – 3 August 1797) was a British Army officer and Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in the British Army.  Amherst is credited as the architect of Britain's successful campaign to conquer the territory of New France during the Seven Years' War. Under his command, British forces captured the cities of Louisbourg, Quebec City and Montreal, as well as several major fortresses. He was also the first British governor general in the territories that eventually became Canada. Numerous places and streets are named after him, in both Canada and the United States.

Amherst's legacy is controversial due to his expressed desire to spread smallpox among the disaffected tribes of Native Americans during Pontiac's War. This has led to a reconsideration of his legacy. In 2019, the city of Montreal removed his name from a street, renaming it Rue Atateken, from the Kanien'kéha Mohawk language.
Al Milgrom
Allen L. Milgrom (born March 6, 1950) is an American comic book artist (penciller and inker), writer, and editor, primarily for Marvel Comics. He is known for his 10-year run as editor of Marvel Fanfare; his long involvement as writer, penciler, and inker on Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man; his four-year tenure as West Coast Avengers penciller; and his long stint as the inker of X-Factor. He often inks Jim Starlin's work. Milgrom is the co-creator of DC superhero Firestorm.

Jim Starlin
James P. Starlin (born October 9, 1949) is an American comics artist and writer. Beginning his career in the early 1970s, he is best known for space opera stories, for revamping the Marvel Comics characters Captain Marvel and Adam Warlock, and for creating or co-creating the Marvel characters Thanos, Drax the Destroyer, Gamora, and Shang-Chi. Starlin wrote the miniseries The Infinity Gauntlet and its many sequels including The Infinity War and The Infinity Crusade, all detailing Thanos's pursuit of the Infinity Gems and his conflict with the heroes of the Marvel Universe.

For DC Comics, he drew many iconic characters, including Darkseid, and wrote the seminal storyline A Death in the Family which featured the death of Jason Todd, the second Robin, during his run on Batman. For Epic Illustrated, he created his own character, Dreadstar.
Dragon Quest Heroes: The World Tree's Woe and the Blight Below
Dragon Quest Heroes: The World Tree's Woe and the Blight Below is a hack and slash game developed by Omega Force and published by Square Enix. It was released for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4 in Japan in February 2015, and in North America, Australia and Europe only for PlayStation 4 in October 2015. It was later released for Microsoft Windows in December 2015. The game received generally positive reviews, with a sequel Dragon Quest Heroes II being released in Japan during May 2016. Dragon Quest Heroes would later be released with the sequel in a compilation for Nintendo Switch in Japan.

Dragon Quest Heroes II
Dragon Quest Heroes II is a hack and slash game developed by Omega Force and published by Square Enix for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita, Nintendo Switch, and Windows. It was released in Japan in May 2016, and worldwide in April 2017. The game is a sequel to Dragon Quest Heroes: The World Tree's Woe and the Blight Below.
Honbushin
Honbushin (ほんぶしん) (or 本普請, lit. 'The True Construction') is a Tenrikyo-based shinshūkyō (Japanese new religion) founded on April 26, 1961 by Ōnishi Tama (大西玉), also known as "Miroku-sama" (みろく様) in the religion. It is headquartered in Okayama, Japan.

Ōnishi Tama
Ōnishi Tama (大西 玉, November 19, 1916 – September 1, 1969) was a Japanese religious leader known as the founder of Honbushin, a Tenrikyo-based Shinshūkyō (Japanese new religion). She was the daughter of Ōnishi Aijirō, who had founded the Honmichi religion in 1913. Honbushin followers believe that she is the reincarnation (再生, saisei) of Tenrikyo founder Nakayama Miki (1798–1887), a claim that Ōnishi Tama and her father Ōnishi Aijirō had maintained since her birth.

In the Honbushin religion, she is known as Miroku (みろく) or Miroku-sama (みろく様), and also as Tamahime-sama (玉姫様).
TAMSK
TAMSK is a two-player board game designed by Kris Burm. It was originally published in 1998 as the second game in the GIPF Project series of abstract strategy games, although it was later dropped from the series in favor of TZAAR.  Players move sand hourglass timers and drop plastic rings around spaces on a hexagonal board in an attempt to limit their opponent's moves.  Each player starts the game with 32 rings, and the player with the fewest remaining rings at the end of the game is the winner. The game is unique among the GIPF Project games in having time as a central game component, and the manner in which time is used is possibly unique among board games in general.

TZAAR
TZAAR  is the seventh game released in the GIPF series and Games Magazine's 2009 Game of the Year. It officially replaced TAMSK, which was originally published as the second board game in the GIPF Project.
Type 1 heavy machine gun
The Type 1 heavy machine gun (一式重機関銃, Ichi-shiki jū-kikanjū) was a heavy machine gun used by the Imperial Japanese Army during the later stages of the Second World War. Though seemingly intended to replace the older Type 92 heavy machine gun, the weapon never underwent the same level of mass production as its predecessor due to either material shortages or the fact that the Type 92 heavy machine gun was deemed as acceptable.

Type 92 heavy machine gun
The Type 92 heavy machine gun (九二式重機関銃, Kyūni-shiki jū-kikanjū) is a Japanese heavy machine gun, related to the Hotchkiss machine gun series. It entered service in 1932 and was the standard Japanese heavy machine gun used during World War II. The Type 92 was similar in design to the earlier Type 3 heavy machine gun but chambered to fire the improved 7.7mm rimmed or semi-rimmed round. Known for its reliability, it was used after the war by various forces in East Asia. Designed by Kijiro Nambu and built by Hino Motors and Hitachi, its total production was about 45,000 guns. Type 92 refers to the Japanese Imperial year 2592 – 1932 in the Gregorian calendar – in which the gun entered service.
Type 98 20 mm AAG tank
The Type 98 20 mm AAG (anti-air gun) tank (Japanese: 日本語: 試製対空戦車 ソキ) was a Japanese self-propelled anti-aircraft gun using a twin Soki Type 2 20 mm anti-air gun. It utilized the chassis of the Type 98 Ke-Ni light tank.

Type 98 Ke-Ni light tank
The Type 98 light tank Ke-Ni (九八式軽戦車 ケニ, Kyuhachi-shiki keisensha Ke-Ni) or Type 98A Ke-Ni Ko (also known as Type 98 Chi-Ni light tank) was designed to replace the Imperial Japanese Army's Type 95 Ha-Go light tank, Japan's most numerous armored fighting vehicle during World War II. Although designed before World War II began, production did not start until 1942, with 104 being produced by the end of the war in the Pacific.
Earthman's Burden
Earthman's Burden is a collection of science fiction  stories by American writers Poul Anderson and Gordon R. Dickson.  It was first published by Gnome Press in 1957.  The stories involve a teddy bear-like alien race known as Hokas, and spoof a variety of fictional genres.

The story "Don Jones" was original to this collection.  The other stories originally appeared in the magazines Other Worlds, Universe and Fantasy and Science Fiction.

A sequel story collection appeared in 1983 under the title Hoka!.  There was also a later Hoka novel, Star Prince Charlie.

An expanded version of Earthman's Burden with two of the stories from Hoka! appeared under the title Hoka! Hoka! Hoka!.

Hoka!
Hoka! is a collection of science fiction  stories by American writers Poul Anderson and Gordon Dickson, a sequel to Earthman's Burden.  It was first published by Wallaby in 1983.  The stories originally appeared in the magazines Fantasy and Science Fiction and Analog Science Fiction and Fact.
Surface Book 3
The Surface Book 3 is the third generation of Microsoft's Surface Book series, and a successor to the Surface Book 2. Like its previous generation, the Surface Book 3 is part of the Microsoft Surface lineup of personal computers. It is a 2-in-1 PC that can be used like a conventional laptop, or detached from its base for use as a separate tablet, with touch and stylus input support in both scenarios. It was announced by Microsoft online alongside the Surface Go 2 on May 6, 2020, and later released for purchase on May 12, 2020.

Surface Book
The Surface Book is a 2-in-1 PC designed and produced by Microsoft, part of the company's Surface line of personal computing devices, and released on October 26, 2015. Surface Book is distinguished from other Surface devices primarily by its full-sized, detachable keyboard, which uses a dynamic fulcrum hinge that expands when it is opened. The keyboard contains a second battery, a number of ports and an optional discrete graphics card used when the screen part, also dubbed as the clipboard by Microsoft, is docked to it. Unlike Surface Pro devices, which are marketed as tablets, the Surface Book is marketed as a laptop, Microsoft's first device marketed as such. Unlike the Surface Laptop devices, the two parts are detachable. It was succeeded by Surface Book 2.
Bantu Holomisa
Bantubonke Harrington Holomisa (born 25 July 1955) is a South African politician. He is a member of parliament for and president of the United Democratic Movement. and the current Deputy Minister of Defence and Military Veterans. Holomisa was born in Mqanduli, Cape Province. He joined the Transkei Defence Force in 1976 and had become a brigadier by 1985.

Holomisa forced the resignation and exile of Prime Minister of Transkei George Matanzima in October 1987 and overthrew Matanzima's successor, Prime Minister Stella Sigcau in a bloodless coup d'état in December 1987. Holomisa then became the head of government of Transkei from 1987 to 1994, upon which Transkei was reintegrated into the "new" South Africa and Holomisa joined the African National Congress (ANC).

Stella Sigcau
Stella Nomzamo Sigcau (14 January 1937 – 7 May 2006) was a South African politician. Sigcau was also the first female Prime Minister of the bantustan of Transkei before being deposed in a military coup in 1987. After Transkei was merged into South Africa following the end of apartheid, Sigcau became a minister in the cabinets of Nelson Mandela and Thabo Mbeki until her death.
Gabriel Urgebadze
Gabriel of Georgia (Georgian: წმიდა გაბრიელ ქართველი, romanized: ts'mida gabriel kartveli), born Goderdzi Urgebadze (გოდერძი ურგებაძე; 26 August 1929 – 2 November 1995) was a Georgian Orthodox monk venerated for his dedicated monastic life and piety. With many miracles ascribed to him, Gabriel's grave in Mtskheta has attracted an increasing number of pilgrims. The Georgian Orthodox Church officially canonized him as Holy Father Saint Gabriel, Confessor and Fool for Christ (წმ. ღირსი მამა გაბრიელი აღმსარებელი-სალოსი; Ts'm. ghirs mama gabrieli aghmsarebeli-salosi), on 20 December 2012.

Foolishness for Christ
Foolishness for Christ (Greek: διά Χριστόν σαλότητα; Church Slavonic: оуродъ, юродъ) refers to behavior such as giving up all one's worldly possessions upon joining an ascetic order or religious life, or deliberately flouting society's conventions to serve a religious purpose—particularly of Christianity. Such individuals have historically been known as both "holy fools" and "blessed fools". The term "fool" connotes what is perceived as feeblemindedness, and "blessed" or "holy" refers to innocence in the eyes of God.

The term fools for Christ derives from the writings of Paul the Apostle. Desert Fathers and other saints acted the part of Holy Fools, as have the yurodivy (or iurodstvo) of Eastern Orthodox asceticism. Fools for Christ often employ shocking and unconventional behavior to challenge accepted norms, deliver prophecies, or to mask their piety.
Yusop Jikiri
Yusop (also Yusoph) Jikiri (1954 – October 17, 2020) was a Filipino politician, leader within the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and governor (2001–2004) of Sulu Province in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). He also served as a representative from Sulu's 1st District (2007–10) and ran again in 2010, but lost to Tupay Loong. He was the beneficiary of shifting political alliances between the Tan and Loong families. Jikiri served as the Jolo-based chairman for the MNLF from 2017 until his death in 2020 from bone cancer.

Tupay Loong
Habib Tupay T. Loong (1947 – 30 June 2016) was a Filipino politician who was a representative of Sulu's 1st congressional district in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). He is the older brother of Ben Tupay Loong, the current vice-governor, and himself served as Governor of Sulu for three terms (from 1984–88, 1988–92, 1992–96).  Together the "Loong Brothers" constitute a formidable political force in Sulu.
Air Force Office of Special Investigations
The Air Force Office of Special Investigations (OSI or AFOSI) is a U.S. federal law enforcement agency that reports directly to the Secretary of the Air Force. OSI is also a U.S. Air Force field operating agency under the administrative guidance and oversight of the Inspector General of the Department of the Air Force. By federal statute, OSI provides independent criminal investigative, counterintelligence and protective service operations worldwide and outside of the traditional military chain of command. Proactively, OSI identifies, investigates, and neutralizes serious criminal, terrorist, and espionage threats to personnel and resources of the Air Force, Space Force, and the U.S. Department of Defense, with a goal of protecting the national security of the United States.

Federal law enforcement in the United States
The federal government of the United States empowers a wide range of federal law enforcement agencies (informally known as the "Feds") to maintain law and public order related to matters affecting the country as a whole.

While the majority of federal law enforcement employees work for the Department of Justice and Homeland Security, there are dozens of other federal law enforcement agencies under the other executive departments, as well as under the legislative and judicial branches of the federal government.

Federal agencies employ approximately 137,000 full-time personnel authorized to make arrests and/or carry firearms in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, out of the more than 800,000 law enforcement officers in the United States.
Quintín Paredes
Quintín Paredes y Babila (September 9, 1884 – January 30, 1973), was a Filipino lawyer, politician, and statesman.

As a member of the House of Representatives in the Philippine Commonwealth, he became Resident Commissioner of the Philippines to the United States House of Representatives from 1936. Due to increasing anti-Filipino sentiment in U.S. Congress and the denial of U.S. Senate for the credit line in order to stabilize the Philippine's economy, he resigned in 1938.

From 1941 to 1945, he was elected in the Philippine Senate where he was deemed a Japanese collaborator. After being acquitted from his arrest in 1948, he ran for the Philippine Legislature and once again elected senator from 1949 to 1961.

Resident Commissioner of the Philippines
The resident commissioner of the Philippine Islands to the United States (Spanish: Comisario Residente de las Islas Filipinas a Estados Unidos) was a non-voting member of the United States House of Representatives sent by the Philippines from 1907 until its internationally recognized independence in 1946. It was similar to current non-voting members of Congress such as the resident commissioner of Puerto Rico and delegates from Washington, D.C., Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and other territories of the United States.

Like current non-voting members, resident commissioners could speak and otherwise participate in the business of the House, but did not have full voting rights. Two resident commissioners were sent until 1937, when after the establishment of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the number was changed to one.
Heat Waves (fan fiction)
Heat Waves is a fan fiction written by Archive of Our Own (AO3) user "tbhyourelame" about an imagined romantic relationship between the Minecraft YouTubers Dream and GeorgeNotFound, known for their Minecraft server the Dream SMP. It takes its title from the song "Heat Waves" by the band Glass Animals, which the fan fiction helped popularise and bring wider attention to. The work quickly gained popularity in the Minecraft YouTuber community and spawned internet memes, tribute videos, and fan art; it also received generally positive reviews for its storytelling, though it was also criticised for being real person fiction. It garnered millions of views and was one of the most liked pieces of work on AO3.

Dream SMP
The Dream SMP (sometimes referred to as DSMP and formerly known as the Dream Team SMP) was an invite-only survival multiplayer (SMP) Minecraft server. YouTubers Dream and GeorgeNotFound created a roleplay with Minecraft content creators. They played fictionalized versions of themselves in a loose storyline. Participants livestreamed on Twitch and YouTube, and it became a popular Minecraft web series. The server officially shut down as of April 10, 2023.
Sierra Railway 3
Sierra Railway 3, often called the "Movie Star locomotive", is a 19th-century 4-6-0 "Ten-wheeler" type steam locomotive owned by the State of California and preserved and operated by the Railtown 1897 State Historic Park in Jamestown, California.

William L. Withhuhn, the former Transportation History curator at the Smithsonian Institution, described the locomotive's historical and cultural significance:

Sierra Railway No. 3 has appeared in more motion pictures, documentaries, and television productions than any other locomotive. It is undisputedly the image of the archetypal steam locomotive that propelled the USA from the 19th century into the 20th.

Built in 1891, the locomotive returned to operation in July 2010 after a 14-year absence from service and a three-year-long overhaul, requiring the replacement of its original boiler. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2023.

Railtown 1897 State Historic Park
Railtown 1897 State Historic Park, and its operating entity, the Sierra Railway, is known as "The Movie Railroad." Both entities are a heritage railway and are a unit of the California State Park System. Railtown 1897 is located in Jamestown, California. The entire park preserves the historic core of the original Sierra Railway of California (later reincorporated as the Sierra Railroad). The railway's Jamestown locomotive and rolling stock maintenance facilities are remarkably intact and continue to function much as they have for over 100 years.  The maintenance facilities are listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Sierra Railway Shops Historic District.