hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard Wagner (judge)
Richard Wagner PC (French pronunciation: [vaɡnɛʁ]; born April 2, 1957) is a Canadian jurist who has served as the 18th chief justice of Canada since 2017. He previously served as a puisne justice of the Quebec Court of Appeal (2011–2012) and of the Supreme Court of Canada (2012–2017). As the chief justice, Wagner was Administrator of the Government of Canada from January to July 2021, acting as the federal viceroy while the office of Governor General was vacant.

Quebec Court of Appeal
The Court of Appeal of Quebec (sometimes referred to as Quebec Court of Appeal or QCA; French: la Cour d'appel du Québec) is the highest judicial court in Quebec, Canada. It hears cases in Quebec City and Montreal.
John Landy
John Michael Landy AC CVO MBE FTSE (12 April 1930 – 24 February 2022) was an Australian middle-distance runner and state governor. He was the second man to break the four-minute mile barrier in the mile run and held the world records for the 1500-metre run and the mile race. He was also the 26th Governor of Victoria from 2001 to 2006.

Four-minute mile
A four-minute mile is the completion of a mile run (1.609 km) in four minutes or less. It translates to an average speed of 15 miles per hour (24 km/h). It is a standard for male professional middle-distance runners in several countries.

The first four-minute mile is usually attributed to the English athlete Roger Bannister, who ran it in 1954 at age 25 in 3:59.4. The mile record has since been lowered by 16.27 seconds. According to World Athletics statistics, the "four-minute barrier" has been broken by just over 2,000 athletes. The record for the fastest time stands at 3:43.13, achieved by the Moroccan athlete Hicham El Guerrouj, at age 24, in 1999. There has not yet been a woman who has run a four-minute mile.
94th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 94th Brigade was an infantry formation of  the British Army during World War I. It was raised as part of  'Kitchener's Army' and was assigned to the 31st Division. After the original formation was converted into a reserve brigade, the number was transferred to a brigade of  'Pals battalions' from Northern England. It was sent to Egypt at the end of 1915 but was recalled to France shortly afterwards and then served on the Western Front for the rest of the war. The brigade was shattered on the First day on the Somme, but later saw action at Arras and distinguished itself at the Capture of Oppy Wood. It was temporarily disbanded in early 1918 but was reconstituted from dismounted Yeomanry regiments in time to take part in the final battles of the war.

31st Division (United Kingdom)
The 31st Division was an infantry division of the British Army. It was raised in the Great War by volunteers from Kitchener's Army and formed in April 1915 as part of the K4 Army Group and taken over by the War Office on 10 August 1915. Comprising mainly infantry battalions from Yorkshire and Lancashire, the division was sent to Egypt in December 1915 before moving to France in March 1916 and spent the remainder of the First World War in action on the Western Front. The 31st Division was the quintessential New Army division, being made up entirely of Pals battalions.

The 31st Division's first major action was on the first day on the Somme (1 July 1916). The division suffered 3,600 casualties and failed to reach any of its objectives. Later it served at the Battle of the Ancre and at Oppy Wood. It took part in the defence against the German spring offensive in early 1918, and finally in the victorious battles of the Hundred Days Offensive.
Sergey Menyaylo
Sergey Ivanovich Menyaylo (Russian: Сергей Иванович Меняйло; born 22 August 1960) is a Russian military figure and statesman. He has been Head of the Republic of North Ossetia since 9 April 2021.

Deputy commander of the Black Sea Fleet between 2009 and 2011. He served as the Governor of Sevastopol between 2014 and 2016, but left the post when he was appointed to be a Presidential Envoy to the Siberian Federal District (2016—2021).

He has the military rank of Vice admiral and the federal state civilian service rank of 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.

Presidential Administration of Russia
The Presidential Executive Office, Russia (abbr. PEO, Russia) or the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation (Russian: Администрация Президента Российской Федерации, romanized: Administratsiya Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii; abbr. АП РФ, AP RF), or PARF, is the executive office of the president of Russia created by a decree of Boris Yeltsin on 19 July 1991 as an institution supporting the activity of the president (then Yeltsin) and the vice-president (then Aleksandr Rutskoy, in 1993 the position was abolished) of Russian SFSR (now Russian Federation), as well as deliberative bodies attached to the president, including the Security Council.

The chief of staff of the Presidential Executive Office, his deputies, heads of main directorates and services and their deputies are appointed by the president of Russia and do not need to be approved by any other government body. Other staff are appointed by the chief of staff of the Presidential Executive Office.
Reading Central (UK Parliament constituency)
Reading Central is a constituency in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. Created as a result of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, it was first contested at the 2024 general election. Since 2024, it has been  represented by Labour's Matt Rodda, who was MP for Reading East from 2017 to 2024.

The seat subsumes parts of the former Reading West and Reading East constituencies but, unlike them, the whole of the new constituency will be within the Borough of Reading.

Reading West (UK Parliament constituency)
Reading West was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.

Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished. Its area was transferred to the new constituencies of Earley and Woodley (Whitley ward), Reading Central (Battle, Minster and Southcote wards), and Reading West and Mid Berkshire (all other wards). These constituencies were first contested at the 2024 general election.
Vincent Burrough Redstone
Vincent Burrough Redstone (1853 – 26 April 1941) was a Suffolk historian who suggested to Edith Pretty that the Sutton Hoo ship burial should be excavated. He was a master of Woodbridge School and secretary of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology. He retired from Woodbridge School in 1921 and spent the remainder of his life researching historical topics. He was particularly noted for his study of Huguenot settlement in Suffolk.

Edith Pretty
Edith May Pretty (née Dempster; 1 August 1883 – 17 December 1942) was an English landowner on whose land the Sutton Hoo ship burial was discovered after she hired Basil Brown, a local excavator and amateur archaeologist, to determine whether anything lay beneath the mounds on her property.
Gohei
Gohei (御幣), onbe (御幣), or heisoku (幣束) are wooden wands, decorated with two  shide (zigzagging paper streamers) used in Shinto rituals. It may be considered an Ōnusa with only two Shide.

The streamers are usually white, although they can also be gold, silver, jade, or a mixture of several colors, and are often attached as decorations to straw ropes (shimenawa) used to mark sacred precincts.

The shrine priest or attendants (miko) use the gohei to bless or sanctify a person or object in various Shinto rituals. The gohei is used for some ceremonies, but its usual purpose is to cleanse a sacred place in temples and to cleanse, bless, or exorcise any object that is thought to have negative energy. In addition to its use in purification rituals, it may be included in an ōnusa (wooden wand with many shide), and serve as the object of veneration (shintai) in a Shinto shrine.

A type of food called Goheimochi is thought to have been named after the staff.

Hu (ritual baton)
A hu (Chinese: 笏; pinyin: hù) is a flat scepter originating from China, where they were originally used as narrow tablets for recording notes and orders. They were historically used by officials throughout East Asia, including Japan, Korea, Ryukyu, and Vietnam. They are known as shaku in Japan, and are worn as part of the sokutai ceremonial outfit. They continue to be used in Daoist and Shinto ritual contexts in some parts of East Asia.
Marco Gradenigo
Marco Gradenigo was a 13th-century Venetian nobleman, senior provincial administrator in the Venetian overseas empire and a military commander. He was involved in three major conflicts: the War of the Euboeote Succession, where Gradenigo organized a league of the lords of Latin Greece against the Principality of Achaea; the defence of the Latin Empire against the Empire of Nicaea, which failed with the Reconquest of Constantinople by the Nicaeans during Gradenigo's tenure as Podestà of Constantinople; and the naval operations of the War of Saint Sabas against the Republic of Genoa.

War of the Euboeote Succession
The War of the Euboeote Succession was fought in 1256–1258 between the Prince of Achaea, William of Villehardouin, and a broad coalition of other rulers from throughout Frankish Greece who felt threatened by William's aspirations. The war was sparked by Villehardouin's intervention in a succession dispute over the northern third of the island of Euboea, which was resisted by the local Lombard barons (the "triarchs") with the aid of the Republic of Venice. The Lord of Athens and Thebes, Guy I de la Roche, also entered the war against William, along with other barons of Central Greece. Their defeat at the Battle of Karydi in May/June 1258 effectively brought the war to an end in an Achaean victory, although a definite peace treaty was not concluded until 1262.
Lee Vandervis
Lee Vandervis (born 1955) is a New Zealand local-body politician who was first elected to the Dunedin City Council (DCC) in the 2004 local elections. Vandervis has run for mayor in 2004, 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, 2022 and 2025; finishing second in 2007 and 2019, fourth in 2022 and third in 2025. In each of these elections, Vandervis was elected to the DCC as a councillor.

2022 Dunedin mayoral election
The 2022 Dunedin mayoral election between 16 September and 8 October 2022 was part of the 2022 New Zealand local elections. Voters preferred former city councillor Jules Radich to the incumbent Aaron Hawkins.

The Mayor's role is  'to provide leadership to the other elected members of the territorial authority, be a leader in the community and perform civic duties'. Voting was held using Single Transferable Vote (STV). Ballots were accepted until midday on 8 October by post or by dropping off completed voting papers. The mayoral election was combined with elections for the Dunedin City Council, Community Boards, and the Otago Regional Council.
Robert Ford (British Army officer)
General Sir Robert Cyril Ford (29 December 1923 – 24 November 2015) was a British Army general who was Adjutant-General to the Forces. The Bloody Sunday shootings occurred during his tenure as Commander Land Forces, Northern Ireland.

Adjutant-General to the Forces
The Adjutant-General to the Forces, commonly just referred to as the Adjutant-General (AG), was for just over 250 years one of the most senior officers in the British Army. The AG was latterly responsible for developing the Army's personnel policies and supporting its people. The Adjutant-General usually held the rank of general or lieutenant general. Despite his administrative role, the Adjutant-General, like most officers above the rank of major general, was invariably drawn from one of the combat arms, not from the support corps.
Ferenc Krausz
Ferenc Krausz (born 17 May 1962) is a Hungarian physicist working in attosecond science. He was a director at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics and a professor of experimental physics at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in Germany. His research team generated and measured the first attosecond light pulse and used it for capturing electrons' motion inside atoms, marking the birth of attophysics. In 2023, jointly with Pierre Agostini and Anne L'Huillier, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. Since November 2025, he has been Chair Professor at Department of Physics in The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.

Pierre Agostini
Pierre Agostini (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ aɡɔstini]; born 23 July 1941) is a French experimental physicist and Emeritus professor at the Ohio State University in the United States, known for his pioneering work in strong-field laser physics and attosecond science. He is especially known for the observation of above-threshold ionization and the invention of the reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBITT) technique for characterization of attosecond light pulses. He was jointly awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Li County, Hunan
Li County, or Lixian (simplified Chinese: 澧县; traditional Chinese: 澧縣; pinyin: Lǐ Xiàn) is a county in Hunan Province, China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Changde. The County is located on the north in Hunan Province, and it borders to the north by Songzi City and Gong'an County of Hubei Province, to the east by Anxiang County, to the south by Jinshi City and Linli County, and to the west by Shimen County. It has an area of 2,075 kilometres (1,289 mi) with a registered population of 919,500 (as of 2015). It is divided into 15 towns and four subdistricts under its jurisdiction, and the county seat is Liyang Subdistrict (澧阳街道).

Liyang Subdistrict, Li County
29°39′18″N 111°45′3″E﻿ / ﻿29.65500°N 111.75083°E﻿ / 29.65500; 111.75083
Liyang Subdistrict (Chinese: 澧阳街道; pinyin: Lǐyáng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict and the county seat of Li County in Hunan, China. The subdistrict was the former Chengguan Town (Chinese: 城关镇) established in 1950. It was reorganized as a subdistrict in 2013. It has an area of 20.47 km2 (7.90 sq mi) with a population of 149,000 (as of 2017). It has 18 communities under its jurisdiction.
Reader Rabbit
Reader Rabbit is an educational video game franchise created in 1984 by The Learning Company. The series is aimed at children from infancy to the age of nine. In 1998, a spiritual successor series called The ClueFinders was released for older students aged seven to twelve.

The games teach language arts including basic skills in reading and spelling and mathematics. The main character in all the titles is named "Reader Rabbit".

The Learning Company
The Learning Company (TLC) was an American educational software company founded in 1980 in Palo Alto, California and headquartered in Fremont, California. The company produced a grade-based line of learning software, edutainment games, and productivity tools. Its titles included the flagship series Reader Rabbit, for preschoolers through second graders, and The ClueFinders, for more advanced students. The company was also known for publishing licensed educational titles featuring characters such as Arthur, The Powerpuff Girls, SpongeBob SquarePants and Sesame Street.

In December 1995, the company was acquired by SoftKey in a hostile takeover bid, at which point SoftKey assumed the Learning Company name and brand.
Franklin County, Washington
Franklin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 96,749, and was estimated to be 101,238 in 2024. The county seat and largest city is Pasco.

The county was formed out of Whitman County on November 28, 1883, and is named for Benjamin Franklin.

Franklin County is included in the Tri-Cities metropolitan area. Together, Kennewick, Richland and Pasco comprise Washington's Tri-Cities.

Pasco, Washington
Pasco (/ˈpæskoʊ/ PAS-koh) is a city in and the county seat of Franklin County, Washington, United States. The population was 77,108 at the 2020 census, and estimated at 81,724 in 2024.
Pasco is one of three cities (the others being Kennewick and Richland) that make up Washington state's Tri-Cities region, a mid-sized metropolitan area of approximately 303,622 people.
Parque San Martín, Buenos Aires
Parque San Martín is a city located in Merlo Partido, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. 
Parque San Martín was founded around 1948 by real estate promoters, in the estates belonging to the Etcheverry family.
Like many others places in Argentina, the city was named after the Argentine independence hero General José de San Martín.

The city status was conferred by the provincial legislature of Buenos Aires on 17 November 1975, in the administration of Francisco Tomeo, last Radical Intendente (Mayor) of Merlo Partido.

Parque San Martín is bordered by the cities of Merlo (north and west), Libertad (east) and Pontevedra and Mariano Acosta (south).

Merlo Partido
Merlo is a partido of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It is located in Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina, west of the city of Buenos Aires. Its capital is the city of Merlo.

The region of the present-day partido was colonized shortly after the second, and permanent founding of Buenos Aires (1580). In 1730 an interim parish was founded near the estancia (landholding) of Francisco de Merlo. In 1755 Merlo founded the town of Villa San Antonio del Camino, which was renamed later in his honour. For many years, the development of Merlo lagged behind the growth of nearby Morón. In 1865 the region was officially declared a partido.
Mark Perrin Lowrey
Mark Perrin Lowrey (December 30, 1828 – February 27, 1885) was a Southern Baptist preacher otherwise known as the "Preacher General". He is known for being a Confederate brigadier general during the Civil War, for his works in the Mississippi Southern Baptist Convention, and for founding Blue Mountain College.

Blue Mountain Christian University
Blue Mountain Christian University (BMCU), formerly Blue Mountain College, is a private Baptist college in Blue Mountain, Mississippi.  Founded as a women's college in 1873, the college's board of trustees voted unanimously for the college to become coeducational in 2005. The university offers baccalaureate degrees as well as graduate programs.
Michael Moriarty
Michael Moriarty (born April 5, 1941) is an American-Canadian actor. He received an Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award for his role as a Nazi SS officer in the 1978 miniseries Holocaust and a Tony Award in 1974 for his performance in the play Find Your Way Home. He starred as Executive Assistant District Attorney Benjamin Stone for the first four seasons (1990–1994) of the television show Law & Order. Moriarty is also known for his roles in films such as Bang the Drum Slowly, Who'll Stop the Rain, Q: The Winged Serpent, The Stuff, Pale Rider, Troll, Courage Under Fire, and Shiloh.

Q (1982 film)
Q – The Winged Serpent (also known as Q) is a 1982 American monster horror film written, co-produced and directed by Larry Cohen and starring Michael Moriarty, Candy Clark, David Carradine and Richard Roundtree. The film follows a petty swindler (Moriarty) who accidentally intrudes in a case involving a winged deity monster that poses a threat to New York City. He is the only person who has information that can help the police to stop the creature.
Davis Bitton
Ronald Davis Bitton (February 22, 1930 – April 13, 2007) was a charter member and president of the Mormon History Association, professor of history at the University of Utah, and official Assistant Church Historian in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) working with Leonard J. Arrington.

Church Historian and Recorder
Church Historian and Recorder (usually shortened to Church Historian) is a priesthood calling in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The role of the Church Historian and Recorder is to keep an accurate and comprehensive record of the church and its activities. His office gathers history sources and preserves records, ordinances, minutes, revelations, procedures, and other documents. The Church Historian and Recorder also chairs the Historic Sites Committee and Records Management Committee, and may act as an authoritative voice of the church in historical matters.
Potters National Bank
The Potters National Bank (also known as the Potters Bank and Trust Company) was a regional bank located in East Liverpool, Ohio, United States. It opened in 1881, and operated until its acquisition by National City Corp. in 1993, as a member bank of Ohio Bancorp.

East Liverpool, Ohio
East Liverpool is a city in Columbiana County, Ohio, United States. The population was 9,958 at the 2020 census. It lies along the Ohio River at the convergence of the Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia borders, about 30 miles (48 km) from both Pittsburgh and Youngstown. The city is most notable for its pottery industry, which was at one time the largest in the US.
Smash (wrestler)
Barry Allen Darsow (born October 6, 1959) is an American retired professional wrestler who performed as Smash, one half of the tag team Demolition. He also wrestled as Krusher Kruschev, Repo Man, the Blacktop Bully, Man Mountain Darsow and "Mr. Hole in One" Barry Darsow.

Throughout his career, he worked for Jim Crockett Promotions, the World Wrestling Federation (WWF), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and several regional promotions in the 1980s and 1990s. He is a four-time former world tag team champion, winning three WWF World Tag Team Championships as part of Demolition and one NWA World Tag Team Championship as part of a three-man team with Ivan and Nikita Koloff (although the NWA no longer recognizes any former tag team champions prior to 1992, Darsow's championship is considered part of the WCW World tag team championship lineage), and a one-time NWA United States Tag Team Champion.

Jim Duggan
James Edward Duggan Jr. (born January 14, 1954), better known by his ring name "Hacksaw" Jim Duggan, is an American retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his time in World Wrestling Federation (now WWE), where he won the first Royal Rumble match in 1988. In 2011 he was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame.

In World Championship Wrestling (WCW), he was a United States Heavyweight Champion and the final World Television Champion. In 2004, he won and promptly vacated the IWA World Heavyweight Championship in Tokyo, making him a one time wrestling world champion.
USS Chincoteague
USS Chincoteague (AVP-24) was a United States Navy seaplane tender in commission from 1943 to 1946 that saw service in the Pacific during World War II. After the war, she was in commission in the United States Coast Guard as the cutter USCGC Chincoteague (WAVP-375), later WHEC-375, from 1949 to 1972. She was transferred to South Vietnam in 1972 and was commissioned into service with the Republic of Vietnam Navy as the frigate RVNS Lý Thường Kiệt (HQ-16), seeing combat in the Battle of the Paracel Islands in 1974. When South Vietnam collapsed at the conclusion of the Vietnam War in 1975, she fled to the Philippines, where she was commissioned into the Philippine Navy, serving as the frigate RPS (later BRP)  Andrés Bonifacio (PF-7) from 1976 to 1985.

Casco-class cutter
The Casco class was a large class of United States Coast Guard cutters in commission from the late 1940s through the late 1980s. They saw service as weather reporting ships in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans until the early 1970s, and some saw combat service during the Vietnam War.