hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Topological string theory
In theoretical physics, topological string theory is a version of string theory. Topological string theory appeared in papers by theoretical physicists, such as Edward Witten and Cumrun Vafa, by analogy with Witten's earlier idea of topological quantum field theory.

Topological quantum field theory
In gauge theory and mathematical physics, a topological quantum field theory (or topological field theory or TQFT) is a quantum field theory that computes topological invariants.

While TQFTs were invented by physicists, they are also of mathematical interest, being related to, among other things, knot theory and the theory of four-manifolds in algebraic topology, and to the theory of moduli spaces in algebraic geometry. Donaldson, Jones, Witten, and Kontsevich have all won Fields Medals for mathematical work related to topological field theory.

In condensed matter physics, topological quantum field theories are the low-energy effective theories of topologically ordered states, such as fractional quantum Hall states, string-net condensed states, and other strongly correlated quantum liquid states.
Beaver Lumber
Beaver Lumber (Castor Bricoleur in Quebec) was a Canadian building supply chain owned by Molson.  It was once Canada's fourth largest building supply chain with 138 stores.  In 2000, it was purchased by Home Hardware, a cooperative of over 1,000 independent Canadian hardware stores. Beaver Lumber stores were rebranded as Home Building Centres.

Home Hardware
Home Hardware Stores Ltd. is an independent home improvement retailer located in Canada. Co-founded by Walter Hachborn in 1964, and headquartered in St. Jacobs, Ontario, the company is Canadian and the country's largest dealer-owned and operated home improvement retailer with more than 1,000 stores serving communities across the country.
Engal Anna
Engal Anna (transl. Our Elder Brother) is a 2004 Indian Tamil-language comedy drama film directed by Siddique. The film stars Vijayakanth, leading an ensemble cast that includes Prabhu Deva, Pandiarajan, Vadivelu, Namitha, Swarnamalya, and Indraja, Lal, Manivannan, and Anandaraj play supporting roles. It is a remake of the director's 2003 Malayalam film Chronic Bachelor. Engal Anna was released on 14 January 2004 and became a commercial success.

Chronic Bachelor
Chronic Bachelor is a 2003 Indian Malayalam-language romantic comedy film, written and directed by Siddique. The film stars Mammootty in the titular role as Sathyaprathapan, a wealthy misogynist businessman. Mukesh, Rambha, Indraja, Bhavana, Innocent, Lalu Alex and Biju Menon plays supporting roles. Jyothika was signed as the lead actress but later was replaced by  Rambha. The movie was produced by Fazil. The film was a commercial success. It was later remade in Tamil as Engal Anna starring Vijayakanth and in Telugu as Kushi Kushiga with Jagapati Babu.
Devotio
In ancient Roman religion, the devotio was an extreme form of votum in which a Roman general vowed to sacrifice his own life in battle along with the enemy to chthonic gods in exchange for a victory. The most extended description of the ritual is given by the Augustan historian Livy, regarding the self-sacrifice of Decius Mus. The English word "devotion" derives from the Latin.

Devotio may be a form of consecratio, a ritual by means of which something was consecrated to the gods. The devotio has sometimes been interpreted in light of human sacrifice in ancient Rome, and Walter Burkert saw it as a form of scapegoat or pharmakos ritual. By the 1st century BC, devotio could mean more generally "any prayer or ritual that consigned some person or thing to the gods of the underworld for destruction."

Publius Decius Mus (consul 340 BC)
Publius Decius Mus, son of Quintus, of the plebeian gens Decia, was a Roman consul in 340 BC. He is noted particularly for sacrificing himself in battle through the ritual of devotio, as recorded by the Augustan historian Livy.
Girmay Zahilay
Girmay Hadish Zahilay (/ˈɡɜːrmaɪ ˈzɑːhɪlaɪ/ GUR-my ZAH-hil-eye; born May 6, 1987) is an American politician who has served as the King County Executive since 2025. He was formerly a member of the King County Council from District 2. He was elected to King County Council in 2019, defeating longtime incumbent Larry Gossett. In 2025, Zahilay was elected King County Executive, succeeding interim appointee Shannon Braddock.

2025 King County Executive election
The 2025 King County Executive election will be held in King County, Washington during the 2025 United States general election. Former County Executive Dow Constantine announced in November 2024 that he would not seek re-election. He was then replaced by interim County Executive Shannon Braddock upon his appointment as CEO of Sound Transit. On November 7, The Seattle Times projected King County Councilmember Girmay Zahilay to win the election, making him the youngest person to ever hold the position.
Jules Hardouin-Mansart
Jules Hardouin-Mansart (French pronunciation: [ʒyl aʁdwɛ̃ mɑ̃saʁ]; 16 April 1646 – 11 May 1708) was a French Baroque architect  and builder whose major work included the Place des Victoires (1684–1690); Place Vendôme (1690); the domed chapel of Les Invalides (1690), and the Grand Trianon of the Palace of Versailles.  His monumental work was designed to glorify the reign of Louis XIV.

Place Vendôme
The Place Vendôme (French: [plas vɑ̃dom]; lit. 'Vendôme Square'), originally the Place Louis-le-Grand ('Louis the Great Square'), and later the Place Internationale ('International Square'), is a public square in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, located to the north of the Tuileries Gardens and east of the Église de la Madeleine. It is the starting point of the Rue de la Paix. Its regular architecture by Jules Hardouin-Mansart and pedimented screens canted across the corners give the rectangular Place Vendôme the aspect of an octagon. The original Vendôme Column at the centre of the square was erected by Napoleon I to commemorate the Battle of Austerlitz; it was torn down on 16 May 1871, by decree of the Paris Commune, but subsequently re-erected and remains a prominent feature on the square today.
J. T. Hassell
Justin Tyler "J. T." Hassell (born August 14, 1995) is an American professional football defensive back. Hassell played college football at Florida Tech. He has been a member of the Cleveland Browns, New England Patriots, New York Jets, Winnipeg Blue Bombers, and Toronto Argonauts

Florida Tech Panthers football
The Florida Tech Panthers football program was the intercollegiate American football team for the Florida Institute of Technology located in the U.S. state of Florida. The team competed in the NCAA Division II and was a member of the Gulf South Conference. Florida Tech's first football team was fielded in 2013, and the final team was fielded in 2019. Steve Englehart was the first and only head coach.

In May 2020, Florida Tech shut down its football program due to budget cuts that followed the COVID-19 pandemic.
Adrift (2018 film)
Adrift is a 2018
survival drama film produced and directed by Baltasar Kormákur and written by David Branson Smith, Aaron Kandell, and Jordan Kandell. The film is based on the 2002 book Red Sky in Mourning by Tami Oldham Ashcraft, a true story set during the events of Hurricane Raymond in 1983. The film stars Shailene Woodley and Sam Claflin as a couple who are adrift in the middle of the Pacific Ocean after a hurricane, and must find their way to Hawaii with a damaged boat and no radio.

Adrift was released in the United States on June 1, 2018 by STXfilms and received mixed reviews from critics, who praised the performances and the cinematography but criticized the familiar narrative.

Aaron and Jordan Kandell
Aaron and Jordan Kandell (both born June 16, 1982) are identical twin American screenwriters and journalists. They were born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii, and studied film and creative writing at the University of Southern California. They have written numerous original feature film and television projects for Fox Animation, Disney Animation, Warner Brothers Pictures, 20th Century Fox, Legendary and Paramount Pictures. The Kandell brothers were on the 2013 Young and Hungry List and their screenplay The Golden Record was on the 2013 Black List. They also served as screenwriters on Disney Animation's Moana.

The Kandells wrote the spec script that was turned into the film Adrift (2018), directed by Baltasar Kormákur and starring Shailene Woodley.
Katamachi Line
The Katamachi Line (片町線, Katamachi-sen), officially nicknamed the Gakkentoshi Line (学研都市線, Gakkentoshi-sen), is a commuter rail line and service in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area of Japan, owned and operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West). The line connects Kizu Station in Kyoto Prefecture and Kyōbashi Station in Osaka.

The common name "Gakkentoshi Line", literally "Research City Line", comes from the Kansai Science City, which is located along the line around the border of Osaka and Nara prefectures.

JR Kōbe Line
The JR Kōbe Line (JR神戸線, JR Kōbe sen) is the nickname of portions of the Tokaido Main Line and the Sanyo Main Line, between Osaka Station in Osaka, Osaka Prefecture and Himeji Station in Himeji, Hyōgo Prefecture. The line, along with the JR Kyoto Line and the Biwako Line, forms a contiguous service that is the main trunk of West Japan Railway Company's Urban Network commuter rail network in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area. The line also offers continuous service to the Gakkentoshi Line via the JR Tōzai Line.
James L. Holloway Jr.
James Lemuel Holloway Jr. (June 20, 1898 – January 11, 1984) was a four-star admiral in the United States Navy who served as superintendent of the United States Naval Academy from 1947 to 1950; as Chief of Naval Personnel from 1953 to 1957; and as commander in chief of all United States naval forces in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean from 1957 to 1959, in which capacity he commanded the 1958 American intervention in Lebanon. As founder of the Holloway Plan, he was responsible for creating the modern Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps.

Holloway was the father of four-star admiral and Chief of Naval Operations Admiral James L. Holloway III. As of 2019, they are the only father and son to both serve as four-star admirals in the United States Navy while on active duty, as opposed to being promoted to that rank posthumously or at retirement.

1958 Lebanon crisis
The 1958 Lebanon crisis was a political crisis in Lebanon caused by political and religious tensions in the country that included an American military intervention, which lasted for around three months until President Camille Chamoun, who had requested the assistance, completed his term as president of Lebanon. American and Lebanese government forces occupied the Port of Beirut and Beirut International Airport. With the crisis over, the United States withdrew.
River Exe
The River Exe (/ˈɛks/ EKS) is a river in England that rises at Exe Head, near the village of Simonsbath, on Exmoor in Somerset, 5.2 miles (8.4 km) from the Bristol Channel coast, but flows more or less directly due south, so that most of its length lies in Devon. It flows for 60 miles (96 km) and reaches the sea at a substantial ria, the Exe Estuary, on the south (English Channel) coast of Devon.  Historically, its lowest bridging point was the Old Exe Bridge in Exeter, the largest settlement on the river, but there is now a viaduct for the M5 motorway about 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the city centre.

Ria
A ria (/ˈriːə/; Galician: ría, feminine noun derived from río, 'river') is a coastal inlet formed by the partial submergence of an unglaciated river valley. It is a drowned river valley that remains open to the sea.
Women's Meijin (shogi)
The Women's Meijin (女流名人 (Joryū Meijin)) is one of the eight major titles of women's professional shogi. The title is awarded yearly to the winner of the a best-of-five match between the defending Women's Meijin and a challenger determined through league play. The current Women's Meijin titleholder is Tomoka Nishiyama.

Founded in 1974, the Women's Meijin is the oldest of the women's major titles. The title match and league play is currently cosponsored by the Japanese daily sports newspaper Sports Hochi with additional support being provided by the Japanese company Universal Entertainment. The tournament is officially known as the Universal Cup Women's Meijin Tournament (ユニバーサル杯女流名人戦 (Yunibāsaru Joryū Meijinsen)).

Professional shogi player
A professional shogi player (将棋棋士 shōgi kishi or プロ棋士 puro kishi "professional player") is a shogi player who is usually a member of a professional guild of shogi players.

There are two categories of professional players: regular professional and women's professional. All regular professional shogi players are members of the Japan Shogi Association (JSA). However, only regular professional players, who are as of yet all male, are considered to be full-fledged members. Women's professional players belong to groups distinct from regular professional players. In Japanese, the term 棋士 kishi only refers to regular professional players to the exclusion of women's professionals, who are termed 女流棋士 joryū kishi.
Carminati–McLenaghan invariants
In general relativity, the Carminati–McLenaghan invariants or CM scalars are a set of 16 scalar curvature invariants for the Riemann tensor.  This set is usually supplemented with at least two additional invariants.

Curvature invariant
In Riemannian geometry and pseudo-Riemannian geometry, curvature invariants are scalar quantities constructed from tensors that represent curvature. These tensors are usually the Riemann tensor, the Weyl tensor, the Ricci tensor and tensors formed from these by the operations of taking dual contractions and covariant differentiations.
Rava (amora)
Abba ben Joseph bar Ḥama (c. 280 – 352 CE), who is exclusively referred to in the Talmud by the name Rava (רבא‎), was a Babylonian rabbi who belonged to the fourth generation of amoraim. He is known for his debates with Abaye, and is one of the most often cited rabbis in the Talmud.

Amoraim
Amoraim (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אמוראים [ʔamoraˈʔim], singular Amora אמורא [ʔamoˈra]; "those who say" or "those who speak over the people", or "spokesmen") refers to Jewish scholars of the period from about 200 to 500 CE, who "said" or "told over" the teachings of the Oral Torah. They were primarily located in Babylonia and the Land of Israel. Their legal discussions and debates were eventually codified in the Gemara. The Amoraim followed the Tannaim in the sequence of ancient Jewish scholars. The Tannaim were direct transmitters of uncodified oral tradition; the Amoraim expounded upon and clarified the oral law after its initial codification.
Triangle Marsh
Triangle Marsh is a wetland of the San Francisco Bay, situated at the base of Ring Mountain at the north end of the Tiburon Peninsula in Marin County, California.

Archaeological Pecked curvilinear nucleated petroglyphs, and recovery on Ring Mountain, hold significant evidence of Native American habitation and likely proof that early Miwok peoples exploited marine resources from Triangle Marsh.

The 31-acre (130,000 m2) property is owned by the Marin branch of the National Audubon Society who restored upland and wetland habitats there with funding from a variety of sources. Federal endangered species, including the clapper rail and salt marsh harvest mouse, live in the Marsh.

Ring Mountain (California)
Ring Mountain is an elevated landform on the Tiburon Peninsula in Marin County, California. This mountain was named for George E. Ring, who served as a Marin County Supervisor from 1895 to 1903.

A number of rare and endangered plant species inhabit Ring Mountain. The mountain's twin summits consist of serpentinite, a rock which is very high in magnesium, producing soils of unusual chemistry (serpentine soil).  The landscape is strewn with many sizable boulders which exhibit a variety of lithologies including high-pressure metamorphic rocks of amphibolite, blueschist, greenschist, and eclogite grade.

Native American pecked curvilinear nucleated petroglyphs created by the Coast Miwok people are also found here.
Angryginge
Morgan Sam Lee Burtwistle (born 13 November 2001), known professionally as Angryginge, is an English  live streamer who is primarily known for creating FIFA and football-related content. As of February 2026, he has amassed over 1.5 million followers on Twitch and over 1 million subscribers on YouTube.

Born and raised in Greater Manchester, Burtwistle began his Twitch career during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. He was nominated for "Best Sports Streamer" at the Streamer Awards in 2024 and 2025. He appeared as a contestant on the first season of Inside (2024), a reality competition show by the Sidemen. In 2025, he won the twenty-fifth series of  I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! He is also known for participating in several charity football matches, including the Sidemen Charity Match and Soccer Aid.

Soccer Aid
Soccer Aid is an English annual charity event that has raised over £121 million in aid of UNICEF UK, through ticket sales and donations from the public. The televised event is an exhibition-style football match between two teams, England and the Soccer Aid World XI (formerly Rest of the World (ROW) until 2018), composed of celebrities and former professional players representing their countries. It is the only mixed-sex match officially sanctioned by The Football Association.
Mississippi Highway 26
Mississippi Highway 26 (MS 26) is a 77.05-mile-long (124.00 km) state highway in southern Mississippi. It runs from a continuation of Louisiana Highway 10 (LA 10) east through Pearl River, Stone, and George counties to MS 198 in Lucedale. Along the way it intersects several major highways including U.S. Route 11 (US 11) in Poplarville, Interstate 59 (I-59) in Poplarville, and US 49 in Wiggins.

In late September, 2021, a section of MS 26 six miles (9.7 km) east of Benndale collapsed due to heavy rains from Hurricane Ida and killed three people.

George County, Mississippi
George County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,350. Its county seat is Lucedale. The county is named for James Z. George, US Senator from Mississippi. George County was included in the Pascagoula metropolitan area. The county is located adjacent to the Alabama state line.
Trackinsight
Trackinsight is a French financial technology company headquartered in Biot. The company offers global Exchange-traded Fund (ETF) data and selection services for professional investors, advisors, institutions and ETF industry participants.

As of 2024, the firm operates in 6 different countries with 30 employees.

Exchange-traded fund
An exchange-traded fund (ETF) is a type of investment fund that is also an exchange-traded product; i.e., it is bought and sold on stock exchanges. ETFs own financial assets such as stocks, bonds, currencies, debts, futures contracts, and/or commodities such as gold bars. Many ETFs provide some level of diversification compared to owning an individual stock.
Leofric (fl. 1070)
Leofric (fl. 1070) was an English cleric and writer who wrote an Old English history of Hereward the Wake.

The author of the Gesta Herewardi claims that Leofric was Hereward's priest and wrote an account of Hereward's life in Old English. The Gesta's author then used the Old English work as a source for his Latin Gesta. According to the Gesta, Leofric was a priest at Bourne in Lincolnshire while Hereward was active with his rebellion. No version of Leofric's work survives.

The number of details in the first part of the Gesta, which is where the Gesta's author claimed to use Leofric's work, is an argument for the existence of such a work, whether or not it was actually authored by Leofric.

Hereward the Wake
Hereward the Wake (Old English pronunciation /ˈhɛ.rɛ.ward/ HEH-reh-ward, modern English pronunciation /ˈhɛ.rɪ.wəd// HEH-ri-wəd; c. 1035 – c. 1072) (also known as Hereward the Outlaw or Hereward the Exile) was an Anglo-Saxon nobleman and a leader of local resistance to the Norman Conquest of England. His base when he led the rebellion against the Norman rulers was the Isle of Ely, in eastern England. According to legend, he roamed the Fens, which covers parts of the modern counties of Cambridgeshire, Lincolnshire and Norfolk, and led popular opposition to William the Conqueror.
Water polo at the World Aquatics Championships
Water polo at the World Aquatics Championships is an international water polo tournament held every two years as part of the World Aquatics Championships. The reigning champions are Spain in men's and Greece in women's competition.

Spain men's national water polo team
The Spain men's national water polo team (Spanish: Selección Española de Waterpolo) represents Spain in men's international water polo competitions and it is controlled by Real Federación Española de Natación.

Spain got the «Triple Crown», they are Olympic (1996), World (1998, 2001, 2022, 2025) and European (2024) champions. They also have won medals in the main international competitions: two Olympic, eleven World Championships, eight European Championships, seven World Cup and five World League medals, making them one of the most successful men's water polo teams in the world.
Roger Wagner
Roger Wagner, KCSG (January 16, 1914 – September 17, 1992) was an American choral musician, administrator and educator. In 1946 he founded the Roger Wagner Chorale, which became one of America's premier vocal ensembles. He also founded the Los Angeles Master Chorale, one of the three original resident companies of the Los Angeles Music Center, in 1964.

Order of St. Gregory the Great
The Pontifical Equestrian Order of St. Gregory the Great (Latin: Ordo Sancti Gregorii Magni; Italian: Ordine di San Gregorio Magno) was established on 1 September 1831, by Pope Gregory XVI, seven months after his election as Pope.

The order is one of the five orders of knighthood of the Holy See. The honor is bestowed upon Catholic men and women (and certain notable non-Catholics) in recognition of their personal service to the Holy See and to the Catholic Church, through their unusual labors, their support of the Holy See, and the examples they set in their communities and their countries.
Luna (Sailor Moon)
Luna (Japanese: ルナ, Hepburn: Runa) is a fictional character in the Sailor Moon media franchise. She is a black cat who has the ability to talk, and serves as a mentoring figure for the titular character and her companions, the Sailor Guardians. Luna makes her debut in the first act or episode of each version of the series, in which she meets Usagi Tsukino and tells her she is Sailor Moon, and gives her a brooch that allows her to transform. Luna features prominently in the first story arc, and although she becomes a supporting character for the rest of the series, she keeps providing the Sailor Guardians and Tuxedo Mask with advice, her family relationships are explored alongside her partner Artemis and their daughter from the future Diana,: Act 19  and she even manages to transform into a human being at key points of the series (including the ability to transform into a Sailor Guardian in the 2003 live-action series).

Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon (2003 TV series)
Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon (美少女戦士セーラームーン, Bishōjo Senshi Sērā Mūn) is a Japanese tokusatsu superhero television series based on the Sailor Moon manga created by Naoko Takeuchi. It was produced by Toei Company.

Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon (commonly referred to as PGSM) was first broadcast by Chubu-Nippon Broadcasting, airing on that station in Nagoya and on the Japan News Network nationwide from October 4, 2003 to September 25, 2004. The series was a retelling of the first Sailor Moon story arc, albeit with considerable plot divergences.

The opening theme, titled "Kirari*Sailor Dream!" (キラリ☆セーラードリーム!, Kirari Sērā Dorīmu!), was performed by J-pop singer Nanami Yumihara under the name Sae (小枝).

The series lasted 49 episodes (called "Acts") and also included two separate made-for-DVD specials.