hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Irmak Nature Park
Irmak Nature Park (Turkish: Irmak Tabiat Parkı) is a nature park located in Sarıyer district of Istanbul Province, Turkey.

Irmak Nature Park is situated across Kirazlıbent Nature Park inside the Belgrad Forest and is west of Bahçeköy, Sarıyer. The area was declared a nature park by the Ministry of Environment and Forest in 2011, and is one of the nine nature parks inside the Belgrad Forest. It covers an area of about 10 ha (25 acres). The protected area is named 
for the creek (Turkish: Irmak) running through the protected area.

The nature park offers outdoor recreation activities such as hiking, cycling and picnicing for visitors on daily basis.[2] There are playgrounds for children. Admission is charged for visitors and vehicles.

Kirazlıbent Nature Park
Kirazlıbent Nature Park (Turkish: Kirazlıbent Tabiat Parkı) is a nature park located in the Eyüp district of Istanbul Province, Turkey.

Kirazlıbent Nature Park is situated inside the Belgrad Forest in Eyüp. It is about 6 km (3.7 mi) in distance west of Bahçeköy and east of Kemerburgaz. The area was declared a nature park by the Ministry of Environment and Forest in 2011, and is one of the nine nature parks inside the Belgrad Forest. It covers an area of about 19.14 ha (47.3 acres). The protected area is named after the dam Kirazlıbent, which was built by the Ottoman sultan Mahmud II (reigned 1808–1839) at the Kirazlı Creek in 1818.

The nature park offers outdoor recreation activities such as hiking, cycling and picnicing for visitors on daily basis. There are playgrounds for children. Admission is charged for visitors and vehicles.
Marie of Blois, Duchess of Burgundy
Marie of Blois or Marie of Champagne (1128–1190) was duchess of Burgundy by marriage to Odo II, Duke of Burgundy, and then abbess of Fontevraud. She served as regent of the Duchy of Burgundy during the minority of her son Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy in 1162-1165.

She was the daughter of Theobald II, Count of Champagne and Matilda of Carinthia, who was the daughter of Engelbert, Duke of Carinthia.

Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy
Hugh III (1142 – 25 August 1192) was Duke of Burgundy between 1162 and 1192. As duke, Burgundy was invaded by King Philip II and Hugh was forced to sue for peace. Hugh then joined the Third Crusade, distinguishing himself at Arsuf and Acre, where he died in 1192.
Georgies
Georgies, also spelled Georgie's, is a gay dive bar in Asbury Park, New Jersey. Opened in 1999, it is known colloquially as "the gay Cheers". In addition to static entertainment such as pool and sports match broadcasts, Georgies features live programs most nights; these include go-go dancing, karaoke and drag shows. The bar also hosts a variety of fundraisers to benefit the local community. Georgies closed for several months in early 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but it reopened for outdoor service in June and for limited indoor service in September of the same year. Critics note Georgies for its relaxed, non-judgmental atmosphere and its tight-knit community of regulars.

Asbury Park, New Jersey
Asbury Park (/æzbɛri/) is a beachfront city located on the Jersey Shore in Monmouth County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is part of the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 15,188, a decrease of 928 (−5.8%) from the 2010 census count of 16,116, which in turn reflected a decline of 814 (−4.8%) from the 16,930 counted in the 2000 census.

In 2022, Asbury Park's beach was named one of the best in the world by Money and one of the best in the country by Travel + Leisure.

Asbury Park was originally incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 26, 1874, from portions of Ocean Township. The borough was reincorporated on February 28, 1893. Asbury Park was incorporated as a city, its current type of government, as of March 25, 1897.
University Center, Michigan
University Center is an unincorporated community in the U.S. state of Michigan.

The community encompasses two separate areas using the 48710 ZIP Code, including Delta College in Bay County and Saginaw Valley State University in Saginaw County.

Saginaw Valley State University
Saginaw Valley State University (SVSU) is a public university in University Center, Michigan, United States. It was founded in 1963 as Saginaw Valley College and is the newest public university in Michigan. Its 748-acre (303 ha) campus is in Kochville Township, approximately 5.5 miles (8.9 km) north of downtown Saginaw, Michigan. SVSU offers over 100 academic programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels in its five colleges, with approximately 8,500 students at its main campus in University Center.
Bumthang District
27°45′N 90°40′E﻿ / ﻿27.750°N 90.667°E﻿ / 27.750; 90.667

Bumthang District (Dzongkha: བུམ་ཐང་རྫོང་ཁག།; Wylie: Bum-thang rzong-khag) is one of the 20 dzongkhag (districts) comprising Bhutan. It contains numerous temples and Buddhist sacred sites. The district is divided into four village blocks (or gewogs), each corresponding to a major glacial valley: Choekor, Tang, Ura, and Chhume. The latter valley is also called Bumthang, lending its name to the whole district.

Bumthang directly translates as "beautiful field" – thang means field or flat place, and bum is said be an abbreviation of either bumpa (a vessel for holy water, thus describing the shape and nature of the valley), or simply bum ("girl", indicating this is the valley of beautiful girls). The name is said to have arisen after the construction of Jambay Lhakhang.

Ura Gewog
Ura (Dzongkha: ཨུ་ར་རྒེད་འོག) is a gewog (village block) of Bumthang District, Bhutan. Ura Gewog consists of ten major villages: Tangsibi, Shingnyeer, Shingkhar, Pangkhar, Somthrang, Beteng, Trabi, Tarshong, Toepa and Chari with 301 households and a population of 2288, covering an area of around 265 sq. kilometer with some 82% of forest coverage. The Gewog is located in the southeastern part of Bumthang District, 48 km distance from Dzongkhag Offices. It is bordered by Chhokhor and Chhumig gewog to the west, Tang gewog to the north, Zhemgang and Mongar District to the south and Lhuentse District to the east. The altitude of the gewog is around 3100 meters above sea level.
Cuautla, Morelos
Cuautla (Nahuatl pronunciation: [ˈkʷaʍt͡ɬa], meaning "where the eagles roam"), officially La heroica e histórica Cuautla, Morelos (The Heroic and Historic Cuautla, Morelos) or H. H. Cuautla, Morelos, is a city and municipality in the Mexican state of Morelos, about 104 kilometers south of Mexico City. In the 2010 census the city population was 154,358. The municipality covers 153.651 km2 (59.325 sq mi). Cuautla is the third most populous city in the state, after Cuernavaca and Jiutepec. The city was founded on April 4, 1829. The 2020 population figures were 187,118 inhabitants for the municipality and 157,336 inhabitants for the city of Cuatula.

The Cuautla Metropolitan Area, the second largest in Morelos, comprises the municipalities of Cuautla, Yautepec, Ayala, Yecapixtla, Atlatlahucan, and Tlayacapan. It covers 1,037.30 km2 (400.50 sq mi), which represents 21.26% of the state's total area. The metropolitan population (2010) is 434,187.

Atlatlahucan
Atlatlahucan /ˌætləˈtlaʊkæn/ (from the Nahuatl word [at͡ɬaˈt͡ɬaʍkan]) is a city in the Mexican state of Morelos. The name means Place of red or brown water, and today the water is stored in a type of cistern called a jagüey. To the north is the State of Mexico, south is Cuautla, east is Yecapixtla, and west are Tlayacapan and Yautepec. It stands at 18°56′N 98°54′W﻿ / ﻿18.933°N 98.900°W﻿ / 18.933; -98.900,

at a mean height of 1,656 metres (5,433 ft.) above sea level. The municipality covers 71 km2 (27.4 square miles).

The city serves as the municipal seat for the surrounding municipality of the same name. The municipality reported 22,079 inhabitants in the 2015 census. The population of the municipality of Atlatlahucan was 25,232 and the city of Atlatlahucan was 9,018 in 2020.
Chris Ryan
Colin Armstrong, MM (born 1961), usually known by the pen-name Chris Ryan, is a British author, television presenter, security consultant and former Special Air Service sergeant.

After the publication of fellow patrol member Andy McNab's Bravo Two Zero in 1993, Ryan published his own account of his experiences during the Bravo Two Zero mission in 1995, entitled The One That Got Away. 
Since retiring from the British Army Ryan has published several fiction and non-fiction books, including Strike Back, which was subsequently adapted into a television series for Sky 1, and co-created the ITV action series Ultimate Force. He has also presented or appeared in numerous television documentaries connected to the military or law enforcement.

Military Medal
The Military Medal (MM) was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other arms of the armed forces, and to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land. The award was established in 1916, with retrospective application to 1914, and was awarded to other ranks for "acts of gallantry and devotion to duty under fire". The award was discontinued in 1993, when it was replaced by the Military Cross, which was extended to all ranks, while other Commonwealth nations instituted their own award systems in the post war period.
Kasarani Constituency
Kasarani Constituency is an electoral constituency in Nairobi. It is one of seventeen constituencies of Nairobi City County. The entire constituency is located within Nairobi City County. It  has an area of 152.60 km2 (58.9 sq mi), making it the second-largest constituency in Nairobi after Lang'ata. It borders Ruaraka, Embakasi Central, Embakasi North, Embakasi East, Roysambu constituencies to the west; Ruiru constituency to the north; Matungulu constituency to the east and Mavoko constituency to the south-east.

Kasarani Constituency forms part of two sub-counties; Kasarani Sub-county and Njiru Sub-county.

Ruaraka Constituency
Ruaraka Constituency is an electoral constituency located in Nairobi County, Kenya. It is one of seventeen constituencies in the County. The constituency has a population of 192,620  and covers an area of 7.20 km2. It was formed for the 2013 election following proposals by the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission which sought to ease political tensions during elections. Ruaraka Constituency was formerly part of Kasarani Constituency. The whole constituency forms part of the Kasarani Sub-county.
Municipal elections in India
Municipal Corporation elections are conducted to elect municipal councillors and ward representatives for municipal corporations in India. With the enactment of the 74th Constitution Amendment Act in the Constitution of India, the city municipal corporations were identified as 'institutions of self-government'. With India being a democratic country, elections are the only medium for people to elect governments of their choice.

Municipal corporation (India)
A municipal corporation is a 
type of local government in India which administers an urban area having a population of one million or more. The growing population and urbanization of various Indian cities highlighted the need for a type of local governing body that could provide services such as healthcare, education, housing and transport by collecting property taxes and administering grants from the state government.

The municipal corporation carries out its function through divisions or departments. For example, water supply and sewage disposal Undertaking, Housing Board, Education Department and Electricity Department.

The 74th Amendment Act defined the formations of urban local governments and their activities.
The Inside Story of China's High-Tech Industry: Making Silicon Valley in Beijing
The Inside Story of China's High-Tech Industry: Making Silicon Valley in Beijing is a 2007 book by Chinese-American economic geographer and academic Yu Zhou. Zhou examines the early transformation of Beijing's Zhongguancun (ZGC) Science Park from an academic district with China's leading research institutes and universities to a technologically innovative entrepreneurial center in the information and communication technology (ICT) sectors since the 1980s. The author argues that the synergy of China's domestic and export markets have been crucial to technological learning and industrial competitiveness in China, challenging the notion that export and foreign multinational corporations (MNCs) are the primary drivers of progress in less developed countries. The book was published by Rowman & Littlefield and is part of its Asia/Pacific/Perspectives series.

Zhongguancun
Zhongguancun (Chinese: 中关村) is a major technology hub in the Haidian District, Beijing, China.

Zhongguancun occupies a band between the northwestern Third Ring Road and the northwestern Fourth Ring Road in the northwestern part of Beijing. Zhongguancun is sometimes known as China's Silicon Valley. The place is also the center of the Beijing-Tianjin-Shijiazhuang Hi-Tech Industrial Belt.
San Cristóbal Hill, Lima
San Cristóbal Hill (Spanish: Cerro San Cristóbal) is a hill in Lima, Peru. It overlooks the city's districts of Rímac and San Juan de Lurigancho, and forms part of the Andean Mountain Range. Once considered an Apu by the pre-Columbian cultures that originally inhabited the area, it was given its current name by Francisco Pizarro in 1535. It currently functions as a scenic viewpoint of the city and its surroundings, and also operates a museum at its summit.

Rímac District
Rímac (pronunciation: [ˈri.mak]) is a district of Lima, Peru. It is one of the oldest parts of the city, and was formally made into a district in 1920. Due to its age, vestiges of the city's Spanish era remain today in the district's Monumental Zone, the old quarter that's part of the Cultural heritage of Peru since 1972, and a World Heritage Site since 1988 as part of the Historic Centre of Lima.
Speusippus
Speusippus (/spjuːˈsɪpəs/; Ancient Greek: Σπεύσιππος; c. 408 – 339/8 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher. Speusippus was Plato's nephew by his sister Potone.  After Plato's death, c. 348 BC, Speusippus inherited the Academy, near age 60, and remained its head for the next eight years. However, following a stroke, he passed the chair to Xenocrates. Although the successor to Plato in the Academy, Speusippus frequently diverged from Plato's teachings. He rejected Plato's Theory of Forms, and whereas Plato had identified the Good with the ultimate principle, Speusippus maintained that the Good was merely secondary. He also argued that it is impossible to have satisfactory knowledge of any thing without knowing all the differences by which it is separated from everything else.

The standard edition of the surviving fragments and testimonies is Leonardo Tarán's Speusippus of Athens: A Critical Study with a Collection of the Related Texts and Commentary (1982).

Xenocrates
Xenocrates (/zəˈnɒkrəˌtiːz/; Greek: Ξενοκράτης; c. 396/5 – 314/3 BC) of Chalcedon was a Greek philosopher, mathematician, and leader (scholarch) of the Platonic Academy from 339/8 to 314/3 BC. His teachings followed those of Plato, which he attempted to define more closely, often with mathematical elements.  He distinguished three forms of being: the sensible, the intelligible, and a third compounded of the two, to which correspond respectively, sense, intellect and opinion. He considered unity and duality to be gods which rule the universe, and the soul a self-moving number. God pervades all things, and there are daemonical powers, intermediate between the divine and the mortal, which consist in conditions of the soul. He held that mathematical objects and the Platonic Ideas are identical, unlike Plato who distinguished them. In ethics, he taught that virtue produces happiness, but external goods can minister to it and enable it to effect its purpose.
2004–05 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup
The 2004/05 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup was the 14th in a row (12th official) Continental Cup winter season and the 3rd summer separated season in ski jumping for men.

This was also the 1st winter season for women and for the first time women's team event was organized this season. Both summer and winter women's events counted as one complete season, although men's summer separate season was already introduced in 2002.

Other circuits this season included the World Cup and Grand Prix.

2004 FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix
The 2004 FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix was the 11th Summer Grand Prix season in ski jumping on plastic. The season began on 31 July 2004 in Hinterzarten, Germany and ended on 26 September 2004 in Hakuba, Japan.

Other competitive circuits this season included the World Cup and the Continental Cup.
World Judo Juniors Championships
The World Judo Juniors Championships are the highest level of international judo competition for juniors, 20until 2012/21since 2013 years of age or less. The championships are held once every year (except the years when the Olympics take place) by the International Judo Federation, and qualified judoka compete in their respective categories as representatives of their home countries. The World Juniors Championships are the only junior event awarding ranking points for the seniors world ranking list. The last edition of the championships took place in Lima, Peru in 2025.

IJF World Tour
The IJF World Tour is a worldwide top-tier judo tour, organized by the International Judo Federation since 2009.

The IJF World Tour consists of the annual World Championships and World Masters, a series of Grand Slam and Grand Prix tournaments, the annual continental championships and open meets organized by the respective continental judo unions, as well as the annual World Juniors Championships. Achievements in these competitions are rewarded with ranking points, which are then used to determine a judoka's world ranking.
HMS Strongbow (1916)
HMS Strongbow was an Yarrow Later M-class destroyer destroyer built for the British Royal Navy during the First World War. The ship was launched in September 1916 and entered service in November that year. Stongbow was sunk on 17 October 1917 by the German light cruisers SMS Bremse and Brummer in the North Sea, when escorting a convoy of merchant ships from Norway.

Yarrow Later M-class destroyer
The Yarrow Later M class were a class of seven destroyers built for the Royal Navy that saw service during World War I. They were sometimes described as the Yarrow R class of destroyers, although they lacked the geared steam turbines of their sisters. The design was based on the preceding and successful Yarrow M class with minor alterations; notably reduced beam to compensate for increased displacement and a sloping stern. They were armed with three single QF 4-inch (102 mm) guns and four torpedo tubes for 21 in (533 mm) torpedoes. Three of the class were sunk during the war in enemy action, two by German U-boats and one by the German light cruisers Bremse and Brummer. Of the four that survived, two were sold to be broken up on the same day in 1926, one the following year and the last in 1939.
Ottawa Redblacks
The Ottawa Redblacks (officially stylized as REDBLACKS) (French: Rouge et Noir d'Ottawa) are a professional Canadian football team based in Ottawa. The team plays in the East Division of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

Starting play in 2014, the Redblacks are the third CFL team to play in the city of Ottawa. The Ottawa Rough Riders, formed in 1876, were a founding member of the CFL in 1958 and played until 1996. A new Ottawa franchise was formed as the Renegades in 2002 and lasted until the end of the 2005 season. The Redblacks won the 2016 Grey Cup Championship, which ended a 40-year Grey Cup championship drought for the city of Ottawa.

Ottawa Rough Riders
The Ottawa Rough Riders were a Canadian Football League team based in Ottawa, Ontario, founded on September 19, 1876. Formerly one of the oldest and longest-lived professional sports teams in North America, the Rough Riders won the Grey Cup championship nine times. Their most dominant era was the 1960s and 1970s,  in which they won five Grey Cups. The team's fortunes waned in the 1980s and 1990s, and they ultimately ceased operations following the 1996 season. Five years later, a new CFL team known as the Ottawa Renegades was founded, though they suspended operations in 2006. The Ottawa Redblacks, which own the Rough Riders and Renegades intellectual properties, joined the league in 2014.
Priscilla Bowman
Priscilla Bowman (born Priscilla I. Mills, May 30, 1928 – July 24, 1988) was an American jazz and rhythm and blues singer, who had a No. 1 hit single on the Billboard magazine R&B chart in 1955 with the song "Hands Off". She was the lead singer for the Jay McShann band.

Jay McShann
James Columbus "Jay" McShann (January 12, 1916 – December 7, 2006) was an American jazz pianist, vocalist, composer, and bandleader. He led bands in Kansas City, Missouri, that included Charlie Parker, Bernard Anderson, Walter Brown, and Ben Webster.
Commonwealth Games Australia
Commonwealth Games Australia (CGA) is the Commonwealth Games Association for Australia, and is responsible for representing and promoting the Commonwealth Sport movement in the country, and organises the participation of athletes at the Commonwealth Games and Commonwealth Youth Games.  It changed it name from the Australian Commonwealth Games Association to Commonwealth Games Australia in 2015. The Commonwealth Games have been held in Australia five times, most recently the 2018 Commonwealth Games were held on the Gold Coast, Queensland.

Australia at the Commonwealth Games
Australia first competed at the Games, then titled the British Empire Games, in 1930; and is one of only six countries to have sent athletes to every Commonwealth Games. The others are Canada, England, New Zealand, Scotland, and Wales. Australian athletes competed for Australasia at the 1911 Festival of the Empire, the forerunner to the British Empire Games.

Five of the 21 games have been hosted by Australia, with the city of Gold Coast hosting the 2018 Commonwealth Games.

Australia has placed first at 13 out of the 21 games (compared with England 7 and Canada 1) and has been in the top three for all meets except the first games in 1930.

In all but one of the 18 Commonwealth Games held so far (excluding the 1978 Games), the Australian flag bearer has gone on to win a gold medal.
Responsible AI Safety and Education Act
The Responsible AI Safety and Education Act (RAISE Act) is a New York State law that imposes transparency, safety, and reporting requirements on developers of large frontier artificial intelligence models. The law was signed by Governor Kathy Hochul on December 19, 2025. It was sponsored by State Senator Andrew Gounardes and Assemblymember Alex Bores.

The RAISE Act is the second U.S. state law to regulate frontier AI model developers, following California's Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (TFAIA), which was signed in September 2025. Hochul signed the bill on the condition that the legislature would pass chapter amendments to bring the law closer to the California model. The amending bills (A9449/S8828) were introduced in January 2026; as of February 2026 they remain in committee, though the Governor's office and legal commentators treat the agreed-upon amendments as representing the final form of the law.

Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act
The Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, also referred to as SB-53, is a 2025 California law which mandates increased transparency for companies building artificial intelligence. SB-53 is primarily focused on assessing and reducing potential catastrophic risks from AI, and is the first bill addressing such risks to be passed into law in America.

The bill requires companies to create publicly accessible documents assessing potential "catastrophic risk[s]" from their AI models, as well as publishing documentation on how the model incorporates national and international safety standards. SB-53 also sets up whistleblower protections and procedures for alerting the government to a "critical safety incident".