hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Woodchips
Woodchips are small- to medium-sized pieces of wood formed by cutting or chipping larger pieces of wood such as trees, branches, logging residues, stumps, roots, and wood waste.

Woodchips may be used as a biomass solid fuel and are raw material for producing wood pulp. They may also be used as an organic mulch in gardening, landscaping, and ecosystem restoration; in bioreactors for denitrification; and as a substrate for mushroom cultivation.

The process of making woodchips is called wood chipping and is done using a wood chipper. The types of woodchips formed following chipping is dependent on the type of wood chipper used and the material from which they are made. Woodchip varieties include: forest chips (from forested areas), wood residue chips (from untreated wood residues, recycled wood and off-cuts), sawing residue chips (from sawmill residues), and short rotation forestry chips (from energy crops).

Mulch
A mulch is a layer of material applied to the surface of soil. Reasons for applying mulch include conservation of soil moisture, improving fertility and health of the soil, reducing weed growth, and enhancing the visual appeal of the area.

Mulch is usually, but not exclusively, organic in nature. It may be permanent (e.g. plastic sheeting) or temporary (e.g. bark chips). It may be applied to bare soil or around existing plants. Mulches of manure and compost will be incorporated naturally into the soil by the activity of worms and other organisms. The process is used both in commercial crop production and in gardening, and when applied correctly, can improve soil productivity.

Living mulches include moss lawns and other ground covers.
Anne L. Stevens
Anne Louise Stevens (born 1948) is an American mechanical and materials engineer. She is currently a non-executive director at Anglo American plc. She was the CEO of GKN Aerospace until it was acquired by Melrose plc in a hostile takeover in 2018. Previously, Stevens was chairman of the Board of Directors, President and chief executive officer of Carpenter Technology Corporation and vice president of North America Vehicle Operations for Ford Motor Company.

Carpenter Technology Corporation
Carpenter Technology Corporation develops, manufactures, and distributes stainless steels and corrosion-resistant nickel, copper and titanium alloys as well as powdered alloys for 3D additive manufacturing. In fiscal year 2018, the company's revenues were derived from the aerospace and defense industry (55%), the industrial and consumer industry (17%), the medical industry (8%), the transportation industry (7%), the energy industry (7%), and the distribution industry (6%). The company's products are used in landing gear, shaft collars, safety wires, electricity generation products, intervertebral disc arthroplasty, and engine valves and weldings.
South Eastern Mounted Brigade
The South Eastern Mounted Brigade was a formation of the Territorial Force of the British Army, organised in 1908.  After service in the Gallipoli Campaign, it was absorbed into the 3rd Dismounted Brigade in Egypt in February 1916.

230th Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 3rd Dismounted Brigade was a formation of the British Army in the First World War. It was formed in Egypt in February 1916 by absorbing the Eastern Mounted Brigade and the South Eastern Mounted Brigade. The brigade served as part of the Western Frontier Force and the Suez Canal Defences.

In January 1917, the brigade was reorganized and redesignated as the 230th Brigade and joined the 74th (Yeomanry) Division in March. It served with the division in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign and on the Western Front.
Carrier Strike Group 3
Carrier Strike Group 3 (CSG-3 or CARSTRKGRU 3) is a U.S. Navy carrier strike group. Carrier strike groups gain and maintain sea control as well as project naval airpower ashore. The aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72) is the group's current flagship. Other units assigned as of 2024 include Carrier Air Wing Nine, the Arleigh Burke-class destroyers USS O'Kane (DDG-77), USS Frank E. Petersen Jr. (DDG-121), and USS Spruance (DDG-111), which are part of Destroyer Squadron 21.

Between 2005 and 2013, the group made five deployments to the U.S. Fifth Fleet supporting U.S. ground forces in Iraq, and Afghanistan.  On 18 December 2011, strike group aircraft flew the final carrier-based air mission over Iraq, effectively ending U.S. naval support for Operation New Dawn.

Carrier Air Wing Nine
Carrier Air Wing Nine (CVW-9) is a United States Navy aircraft carrier air wing based at Naval Air Station Lemoore. The Air Wing is currently assigned to the aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72). The Tail Code of aircraft assigned to CVW-9 is NG.
Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Building (1949)
The Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Building is a landmark 5-story, 84 ft (26 m) office building in the Late Modern style built in 1949 as the headquarters for its namesake company. The building was designed by Paul Revere Williams, the noted African-American Architect.  The building is located in West Adams in South Los Angeles about 3.5 miles southwest of Downtown Los Angeles and 2 miles northwest of Exposition Park and USC at the intersection of Adams Blvd and Western Avenue. This was the company's second building to bear this name, the first having been built in 1928.

West Adams, Los Angeles
West Adams is a neighborhood in the South Los Angeles region of Los Angeles, California. The neighborhood is known for its large number of historic buildings, structures, notable houses, and mansions. It contains several Historic Preservation Overlay Zones as well as designated historic districts.
Nebuchadnezzar I
Nebuchadnezzar I (/ˌnɛbjʊkədˈnɛzər/ NEB-yuu-kəd-NEZ-ər; Babylonian: mdNabû-kudurrī-úṣur (AN-AG-ŠA-DU-ŠIŠ) or mdNábû-ku-dúr-uṣur, meaning "Nabû, protect my eldest son" or "Nabû, protect the border"; reigned c. 1121–1100 BC) was the fourth king of the Second Dynasty of Isin and Fourth Dynasty of Babylon. He ruled for 22 years according to the Babylonian King List C, and was the most prominent monarch of this dynasty. He is best known for his victory over Elam and the recovery of the cultic idol of Marduk.

Marduk
Marduk (/ˈmɑːrdʊk/; cuneiform: 𒀭𒀫𒌓 dAMAR.UTU; Sumerian: amar utu.k "calf of the sun; solar calf"; Hebrew: מְרֹדַךְ, Modern: Merōdaḵ, Tiberian: Mərōḏaḵ) was a god from ancient Mesopotamia, patron deity of Babylon.
First sparsely attested in the 3rd millenium BC, Marduk slowly rose to prominence before being enshrined as leader of the Mesopotamian pantheon under Nebuchadnezzar I in the 1st millennium BC. In Babylon, Marduk was worshipped in the Esagila temple.

Believed to have originated as an underworld god, a storm god or an agriculture deity, Marduk came to be worshipped as a god of creation, justice, water, agriculture, magic and medicine. His symbol was the spade and he was associated with the Mušḫuššu.
By the 1st millennium BC, Marduk had become astrologically associated with the planet Jupiter. He was a prominent figure in Babylonian cosmology, especially in the Enūma Eliš creation myth.
Lune (geometry)
In plane geometry, a lune (from Latin  luna 'moon') is the concave-convex region bounded by two circular arcs. It has one boundary portion for which the connecting segment of any two nearby points moves outside the region and another boundary portion for which the connecting segment of any two nearby points lies entirely inside the region. A convex-convex region is termed a lens.

Formally, a lune is the relative complement of one disk in another (where they intersect but neither is a subset of the other). Alternatively, if  and  are disks, then  is a lune.

Lens (geometry)
In 2-dimensional geometry, a lens is a convex region bounded by two circular arcs joined to each other at their endpoints. In order for this shape to be convex, both arcs must bow outwards (convex-convex). This shape can be formed as the intersection of two circular disks. It can also be formed as the union of two circular segments (regions between the chord of a circle and the circle itself), joined along a common chord.
Egon VIII of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg
Egon VIII of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg (Ernst Egon; 21 March 1588 in Speyer – 24 August 1635 in Constance) was Imperial Count of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg (1618–1635) and Bavarian Field-marshal, and an important military leader in the Thirty Years' War.

Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg
Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was a county and later a principality in southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the historical territory of Heiligenberg. It was created as a partition of Fürstenberg-Baar in 1559, and it suffered one partition between itself and Fürstenberg-Donaueschingen in 1617.

When Herman Egon of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was elevated to the estate of imperial princes (Reichsfürstenstand) in 1664, Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was raised to a principality and existed as an imperially immediate territory. It inherited Fürstenberg-Donaueschingen in 1698, but following the extinction of its branch in 1716, it was  inherited by Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg.
Tsen's theorem
In mathematics, Tsen's theorem states that a function field K of an algebraic curve over an algebraically closed field is quasi-algebraically closed (i.e., C1). This implies that the Brauer group of any such field vanishes, and more generally that all the Galois cohomology groups H i(K, K*) vanish for i ≥ 1. This result is used to calculate the étale cohomology groups of an algebraic curve.

The theorem was published by Chiungtze C. Tsen in 1933.

Chiungtze C. Tsen
Chiungtze C. Tsen (Chinese: 曾炯之; pinyin: Zēng Jiǒngzhī; Wade–Giles: Tseng Chiung-chih; Chang-Du Gan: [tsɛn˦˨ tɕjuŋ˨˩˧ tsɹ̩˦˨], April 2, 1898 – October 1, 1940), given name Chiung (Chinese: 炯; pinyin: Jiǒng), was a Chinese mathematician born in Nanchang, Jiangxi. He is known for his work in algebra. He was one of Emmy Noether's students at the University of Göttingen, Germany.

One of his research interests was quasi-algebraic closure. In that area he proved a fundamental result which is now called Tsen's theorem.
Notre Dame Regional Secondary School
Notre Dame Regional Secondary is a co-ed Catholic Secondary school in Vancouver, British Columbia, under the administration of Catholic Independent Schools Vancouver Archdiocese (CISVA) school board in Canada. The school participates in sporting events under the name of the "Jugglers", with the team colours of blue, white and silver.

Catholic Independent Schools Vancouver Archdiocese
The Catholic Independent Schools of the Vancouver Archdiocese (CISVA) is a network of 46 Catholic schools serving students from Kindergarten to Grade 12 across the Greater Vancouver area and surrounding regions, including Powell River and Chilliwack.

CISVA operates 40 elementary schools (Grades K-7) and 6 secondary schools (Grades 8-12). All CISVA schools deliver the provincial curriculum set by the BC Ministry of Education within a faith-based context. Schools are parish-based community schools or regional schools jointly operated by several parishes.
Georgia State Route 32
State Route 32 (SR 32) is a 188.8-mile-long (303.8 km) state highway that travels west-to-east through portions of Terrell, Lee, Worth, Turner, Irwin, Coffee, Bacon, Pierce, Brantley, and Glynn counties in the southern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects Dawson with Sterling, via Leesburg, Ashburn, Fitzgerald, Douglas, and Alma.

Pierce County, Georgia
Pierce County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,716. The county seat is Blackshear. Pierce County is part of the Waycross, Georgia Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Tim Armstrong
Timothy Ross Armstrong is an American musician, songwriter
and record producer. Known for his distinctive voice, he is the singer/guitarist for the punk rock band Rancid and hip hop/punk rock supergroup Transplants. Prior to forming Rancid, Armstrong was in the ska punk band Operation Ivy.

In 1997, along with Brett Gurewitz of the band Bad Religion and owner of Epitaph Records, Armstrong founded Hellcat Records. In 2012, through his website, Armstrong started releasing music that influenced him, along with stripped-down cover songs of his own under the name Tim Timebomb. Armstrong is also a songwriter for other artists. Armstrong won a Grammy Award for his work with Jimmy Cliff and Pink, and has also worked with Joe Walsh and the Interrupters.

Lars Frederiksen
Lars Erik Frederiksen (born Lars Erik Dapello, August 30, 1971) is an American musician and record producer best known as a guitarist and vocalist for the punk rock band Rancid, as well as the frontman of Lars Frederiksen and the Bastards and the Old Firm Casuals. In addition, he currently plays guitar in Oxley's Midnight Runners, Stomper 98, and the Last Resort. He was also briefly a member of the UK Subs in 1991.

Frederiksen  joined Rancid in 1993 after the band was searching for a second guitar player and was present on their second album, Let's Go. He has produced albums for bands such as Dropkick Murphys, Agnostic Front, the Business, Swingin' Utters, Marky Ramone and the Intruders, Anti-Heros, Pressure Point, and the Forgotten, among others. He mixed GBH's 2010 album entitled Perfume and Piss, as well as Cock Sparrer's 2007 album, Here We Stand, both alongside Michael Rosen.
Luri language
Luri  (Northern Luri: لری, Southern Luri: لری) is a Southwestern Iranian language continuum spoken by the Lurs, an Iranian people native to West Asia. The Luri dialects are descended from Middle Persian and are Central Luri, Bakhtiari, and Southern Luri. This language is spoken mainly by the Bakhtiari and the Northern and Southern Lurs (Lorestan, Ilam, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Mamasani, Sepidan, Bandar Ganaveh, Bandar Deylam) in Iran.

Iranian languages
The Iranian languages, or the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, mainly in the Iranian Plateau.

The Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE) and New Iranian (since 900 CE). The two directly attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Old Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Avesta predates Old Iranian language, Old Avestan (c. 1500 – 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan (c. 900 – 400 BCE). Of the Middle Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Middle Persian (from the Sasanian Empire), Parthian (from the Parthian Empire), and Bactrian (from the Kushan and Hephthalite empires).
1990 Guangzhou Baiyun airport collisions
On 2 October 1990, a hijacked Boeing 737, operating Xiamen Airlines Flight 8301, collided with two other aircraft at the old Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport while attempting to land. The hijacked aircraft struck parked China Southwest Airlines Flight 4305 first, inflicting only minor damage, but then collided with CAAC Flight 3523, a Boeing 757 waiting to take off, flipping onto its back. A total of 128 people were killed, including seven of nine crew members and 75 of 93 passengers on Flight 8301 and 46 of 110 passengers on Flight 3523, making the incident the deadliest aircraft hijacking prior to the September 11 attacks.

Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport (1933–2004)
Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport (IATA: CAN, ICAO: ZGGG) was an airport that served Guangzhou, the capital of South Central China's Guangdong province.  Originally opened in 1933, it was one of the first civil airports in China, but was closed on 5 August 2004 when all services were transferred to the new airport of the same name, 23 km (14 mi) to the north.
Daisy Gardner
Daisy Gardner (born September 24, 1976)  is an American television writer and comedian who is best known for her work as a writer on the NBC series 30 Rock,  Showtime's Californication, and Comedy Central's South Park. She also appears on TruTV's World's Dumbest... as a commentator.

World's Dumbest...
truTV Presents: World's Dumbest... (formerly titled The Smoking Gun Presents: World's Dumbest..., and simply known as World's Dumbest...) is an American reality comedy television series produced by Meetinghouse Productions, Inc. and aired on truTV from 2008 to 2014.

Each episode features a ranked compilation of 20 video clips depicting unconventional or ill-advised behavior, often sourced from surveillance footage, eyewitness recordings, or public broadcasts, and includes commentary from featured celebrities or comedians. Segments are organized by thematic categories such as criminals, drivers, daredevils, partiers, and performers.

Starting on May 31, 2022, TBD (now Roar) is currently airing reruns, albeit heavily edited down to a half-hour.
Londongrad (TV series)
Londongrad (Russian: Лондонград) is a Russian crime comedy television series, the first series on Russian television to be shot in the capital of the United Kingdom.

The television series was created by Sputnik Vostok Production, commissioned by STS.

STS (TV channel)
CTC (or STS, stands for Russian: Сеть Телевизионных Станций, Seť Televizionnyh Stancij, lit. 'Network of television stations' (NTS)) is a commercial television station based in Moscow, Russia. It belongs to the CTC Media company. The company is owned by National Media Group (Russia) and VTB Bank (Russia).
Jimmy Knepper
James Minter Knepper (November 22, 1927 – June 14, 2003) was an American jazz trombonist.  In addition to his own recordings as leader, Knepper performed and recorded with Charlie Barnet, Woody Herman, Claude Thornhill, Stan Kenton, Benny Goodman, Gil Evans, Thad Jones and Mel Lewis, Toshiko Akiyoshi and Lew Tabackin, and, most famously, Charles Mingus in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Knepper died in 2003 of complications of Parkinson's disease.

The Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Orchestra
The Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra was a jazz big band formed by trumpeter Thad Jones and drummer Mel Lewis in New York in 1965. The band performed for twelve years in its original incarnation, including a 1972 tour of the Soviet Union during the height of the Cold War.  The collaboration ended in 1978 with Jones suddenly moving to Copenhagen, Denmark, after which the band became the Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra. Since the death of Lewis in 1990 it has been known as the Vanguard Jazz Orchestra. They have maintained a Monday-night residency at the Village Vanguard jazz club in New York for five decades. The band won Grammy Awards for the album Live in Munich in 1978 and for the album Monday Night Live at the Village Vanguard in 2009.
Geoffrey Chauderon
Geoffrey Chauderon (died 1278) was the first Baron of Estamira and Grand Constable of the Principality of Achaea, in Frankish Greece.

Geoffrey Chauderon was probably from Champagne. He likely settled in the Principality of Achaea sometime after 1230, and was awarded the extensive Barony of Estamira, comprising twelve fiefs. According to the Aragonese version of the Chronicle of the Morea, he was also the Grand Constable of Achaea.

He died in 1278, shortly after Prince William of Villehardouin. He was succeeded by his son John. The existence of a daughter is also attested, as she served as hostage in Constantinople, where she later married.

Barony of Estamira
The Barony of Estamira or Stamira was a medieval Frankish fiefdom of the Principality of Achaea, located in the fertile plains of the Elis region of the Peloponnese peninsula in Greece, and centred on the now vanished fortress of Estamira (variously also Estamirra, Stamirra, later Stamero or Stamiro, Greek: Στάμηρον).
Perfect graph theorem
In graph theory, the perfect graph theorem of László Lovász (1972a, 1972b) states that an undirected graph is perfect if and only if its complement graph is also perfect. This result had been conjectured by Berge (1961, 1963), and it is sometimes called the weak perfect graph theorem to distinguish it from the strong perfect graph theorem characterizing perfect graphs by their forbidden induced subgraphs.

László Lovász
László Lovász (Hungarian: [ˈlovaːs ˈlaːsloː]; born March 9, 1948) is a Hungarian mathematician and professor emeritus at Eötvös Loránd University, best known for his work in combinatorics, for which he was awarded the 2021 Abel Prize jointly with Avi Wigderson. He was the president of the International Mathematical Union from 2007 to 2010 and the president of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences from 2014 to 2020.

In graph theory, Lovász's notable contributions include the proofs of Kneser's conjecture and the Lovász local lemma, as well as the formulation of the Erdős–Faber–Lovász conjecture. He is also one of the eponymous authors of the LLL lattice reduction algorithm.
Chinese folk art
Chinese folk art or Chinese handcrafts are artistic forms inherited from a regional or ethnic scene in China.  Usually there are some variation between provinces.  Individual folk arts have a long history, and many traditions are still practiced today.  The general definition of folk art incorporates Chinese art forms that are not classified as Chinese fine art.

Chinese folk art is the ancient forms of art that originated in China. Some of these ancient art forms include jade carvings, performance art such as music and their respective instruments, textile art such as basket weaving, paper art and clothing.

Chinese art by medium and technique
Much traditional Chinese art was made for the imperial court, often to be then redistributed as gifts. As well as Chinese painting, sculpture and Chinese calligraphy, there are a great range of what may be called decorative or applied arts.  Chinese fine art is distinguished from Chinese folk art, which differs in its style and purpose.  This article gives an overview of the many different applied arts of China.
Chile in the OTI Festival 1982
Chile was represented at the OTI Festival 1982 with the song "Si no hubieras estado tú", written and performed by Juan Pablo Méndez. The Chilean participating broadcasters, Televisión Nacional de Chile (TVN), Corporación de Televisión de la Universidad Católica de Chile (UCTV), and Corporación de Televisión de la Universidad de Chile (UTV), jointly selected their entry through a televised national final. The song, that was performed in position 5, placed eleventh out of 21 competing entries with 14 points.

OTI Festival 1982
The OTI Festival 1982 (Spanish: Decimoprimer Gran Premio de la Canción Iberoamericana, Portuguese: Décimo Primeiro Grande Prêmio da Canção Ibero-Americana) was the 11th edition of the OTI Festival, held on 27 November 1982 at the Coliseo Amauta in Lima, Peru, and presented by Humberto Martínez Morosini, Zenaida Solís, Pepe Ludmir, and Silvia Maccera. It was organised by the Organización de Televisión Iberoamericana (OTI) and host broadcaster Panamericana Televisión.

Broadcasters from twenty-one countries participated in the festival. The winner was the song "Puedes contar conmigo" performed by Grupo Unicornio representing Venezuela; with "Ay, ay, amor" by La Pequeña Compañía representing Spain placing second; and "Qué equivocado" by Laura Hevia representing the United States placing third.
Bruce Norris (playwright)
Bruce Norris (born May 16, 1960) is an American character actor and playwright associated with the Steppenwolf Theatre Company of Chicago. His play Clybourne Park won the 2011 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.

Steppenwolf Theatre Company
Steppenwolf Theatre Company is a Chicago theater company founded in 1974 by Terry Kinney, Jeff Perry, and Gary Sinise in the Immaculate Conception grade school in Highland Park, Illinois and is now located in Chicago's Lincoln Park neighborhood on Halsted Street. The theatre's name comes from Hermann Hesse's novel Steppenwolf, which original member Rick Argosh was reading during the company's inaugural production of Paul Zindel's play, And Miss Reardon Drinks a Little, in 1974.  After occupying several theatres in Chicago, in 1991, it moved into its own purpose-built complex with three performing spaces, the largest seating 550.

A recipient of the Regional Tony Award, it has produced several shows that have transferred to Broadway.