hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cardiopulmonary bypass
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or heart-lung machine, also called the pump or CPB pump, is a machine, operated by a cardiac perfusionist, that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during open-heart surgery by maintaining the circulation of blood and oxygen throughout the body. As such it is an extracorporeal device.

The machine mechanically circulates and oxygenates blood throughout the patient's body while bypassing the heart and lungs allowing the surgeon to work in a bloodless surgical field.

Perfusionist
A cardiovascular perfusionist  is a healthcare professional, theoretically trained in general, pediatric, cardiac and thoracic surgery who operates the cardiopulmonary bypass during cardiac surgery and other surgeries that require cardiopulmonary bypass to manage the patient's physiological status. As an extremely crucial member of the cardiovascular surgical team, the perfusionist helps maintain blood flow to the body's tissues as well as regulate levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood, using a heart–lung machine.
Doomsday argument
The doomsday argument (DA), or Carter catastrophe, is a probabilistic argument that aims to predict the total number of humans who will ever live. It argues that if a human's birth rank is randomly sampled from the set of all humans who will ever live, it is improbable that one would be at the extreme beginning. This implies that the total number of humans is unlikely to be much larger than the number of humans born so far.

The doomsday argument was originally proposed by the astrophysicist Brandon Carter in 1983, leading to the initial name of the Carter catastrophe. The argument was subsequently championed by the philosopher John A. Leslie and has since been independently conceived by J. Richard Gott and Holger Bech Nielsen.

J. Richard Gott
John Richard Gott III (born February 8, 1947) is an American astrophysicist. He is professor of astrophysical sciences at Princeton University. He is known for his work on time travel and the Doomsday argument.
Bright Phoebus
Bright Phoebus, fully titled Bright Phoebus: Songs by Lal & Mike Waterson, is a folk rock album by Lal and Mike Waterson. It was recorded in May 1972 with musical assistance from various well-known members of the British folk rock scene. The album failed to make an impact on its original release, but it was subsequently championed by many musicians,
including Billy Bragg, Arcade Fire, Richard Hawley and Jarvis Cocker. For years the album was difficult to obtain. In 2017, a re-release of Bright Phoebus was announced and shortly thereafter pulled from the market for legal reasons.

Lal Waterson
Elaine "Lal" Waterson (15 February 1943 – 4 September 1998) was an English folk singer and songwriter. She sang with, among others, the Watersons, the Waterdaughters and Blue Murder. She was born in Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire. In 1998, she died suddenly in Robin Hood's Bay, of cancer diagnosed only ten days before. Radio Times stated "Lal Waterson's voice was stark but captivating, her songs lyrically ambitious and melodically powerful."

Lal Waterson was the sister of Norma Waterson and Mike Waterson, the aunt of Eliza Carthy and the sister-in-law of Martin Carthy. She was married to George Knight and had two children, Oliver Knight and Maria Gilhooley, with both of whom she recorded albums.
Vanhakaupunki
Vanhakaupunki (Finnish: [ˈʋɑnhɑˌkɑu̯puŋki]; Swedish: Gammelstaden) is a neighbourhood of the city of Helsinki, Finland, to the north of Toukola. It is also the name of a district of the city, which contains the neighbourhood and its surroundings. The name (meaning "old town") comes from the fact that Helsinki was originally founded in the Vanhakaupunki area. The Swedish name Gamla Helsingfors (meaning "Old Helsinki") appears in the new Helsinki foundation document from 1639, as the city was moved to its later location, and the forms Gamla staden or Gammelstaden came into use after this. The Finnish translation of the name only started appearing in the late 19th century. The current names were established as official in 1909. The neighbourhood was named Vanhakaupunki in 1959.

Subdivisions of Helsinki
The city of Helsinki, the capital of Finland, can be divided into various sorts of subdivisions. Helsinki is divided into three major areas: Helsinki Downtown (Finnish: Helsingin kantakaupunki, Swedish: Helsingfors innerstad), North Helsinki (Finnish: Pohjois-Helsinki, Swedish: Norra Helsingfors) and East Helsinki (Finnish: Itä-Helsinki, Swedish: Östra Helsingfors). The subdivisions include boroughs, districts, major districts and postal code areas. The plethora of different official ways to divide the city is a source of some confusion to the inhabitants, as different kinds of subdivisions often share similar or identical names.
Niran Withee
Niran Haskell Withee (June 21, 1827 – July 2, 1887) was an American businessman, Republican politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He served two years in the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Clark County and neighboring areas.  He is the namesake of Withee, Wisconsin.

Withee, Wisconsin
Withee is a village in Clark County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 506 at the 2020 census. The village is located mostly within the Town of Hixon, with a small portion extending south into the Town of Longwood.
Donggala Regency
Donggala Regency is a regency in the Central Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. It lies between 0° 30" north and 2°20" south latitude, and between 119° 45°" and 121° 45" east longitude, and covers a land area of 5,126.59 km2. It had a population of 277,236 at the 2010 Census and 300,436 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 310,998 (comprising 159,670 males and 151,330 females). The administrative capital of Donggala Regency is the town of Banawa, located a 30-minute drive (34 km) northwest from the city of Palu, the capital of the province.

Banawa, Indonesia
0°43′42.01″S 119°45′15.07″E﻿ / ﻿0.7283361°S 119.7541861°E﻿ / -0.7283361; 119.7541861

Banawa is an administrative district (kecamatan) of Donggala Regency, in Central Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. It contains the town of Donggala, which is the administrative headquarters of the Regency.

The Banawa District has the highest population density in Donggala Regency, with 373.5 people per km2 in mid 2022.

The capital of Donggala Regency was moved to Banawa following a decision in the Donggala Parliament which resulted in memorandum No. 16 1995.
HC Zalău
HC Zalău is a women's handball club from Zalău, Romania, that plays in the Romanian Women's Handball League.

On domestic level HC Zalau won three league titles (2001,2004,2005) and Romanian Cup once in 2003.

In Europe HC Zalau won the Women's Women's EHF Challenge Cup 1995–1996 season and in the same season by participating in the EHF Women's Champions Trophy won 3rd place. In the 2011–2012 season in the EHF Cup HC Zalau played second final in history, lost against the Russian team Lada Togliatti.

Zalău
Zalău (Romanian pronunciation: [zaˈləw], unofficial and former official name: Romanian: Zălau (Romanian pronunciation: [zalˈəw]; German: Zillenmarkt or Waltenberg, Hungarian: Zilah, Turkish: Zile) is the seat of Sălaj County, Romania. In 2021, its estimated population was 52,359.
McHenry County, North Dakota
McHenry County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,345. The county seat is Towner, and largest city is Velva.

McHenry County is part of the Minot micropolitan area.

Towner, North Dakota
Towner is a city in and the county seat of McHenry County, North Dakota. The population was 479 at the time of the 2020 census. It is part of the Minot Micropolitan Statistical Area. Towner was founded in 1886.
British West Africa
British West Africa was the collective name for British settlements in West Africa during the colonial period, either in the general geographical sense or the formal colonial administrative entity. British West Africa as a colonial entity was originally officially known as Colony of Sierra Leone and its Dependencies, then British West African Territories and finally British West African Settlements.

The United Kingdom held varying parts of these territories or the whole throughout the 19th century. From west to east, the colonies became the independent countries of The Gambia, Sierra Leone, Ghana and Nigeria. Until independence, Ghana was referred to as the Gold Coast.

Gambia Colony and Protectorate
The Gambia Colony and Protectorate was the British colonial administration of The Gambia from 1821 to 1965, part of the British Empire in the New Imperialism era. The colony was the immediate area surrounding Bathurst (now Banjul), and the protectorate was the inland territory situated around the Gambia River, which was declared in 1894.
1907 Maryland gubernatorial election
The 1907 Maryland gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 1907.

Incumbent Governor Edwin Warfield did not seek re-election.

Democratic candidate Austin Lane Crothers defeated Republican candidate George R. Gaither Jr.

George Riggs Gaither Jr.
George R. Gaither (February 28, 1858 – October 17, 1921) was a lawyer and politician in Maryland. His career spanned several roles, including serving as the Attorney General of Maryland and engaging in politics in Baltimore.
Taipei Metro C321
The Taipei Metro C321 is the second generation of heavy-capacity rolling stock used on the Taipei Metro in Taipei, Taiwan. Built by Siemens Mobility in Germany, it was introduced on the Bannan line in 1999.

Taipei Metro C341
The Taipei Metro C341 is the third generation of heavy capacity electric multiple units on the Taipei Metro in Taipei, Taiwan. Built by Siemens Mobility and SGP Verkehrstechnik in Austria, it was introduced on the Bannan line in 2004.
New London School explosion
The New London School explosion occurred on March 18, 1937, when a natural gas leak caused an explosion that destroyed the London School in New London, Texas, United States. The disaster killed 295 students and teachers. As of 2021, the event is the third-deadliest disaster in the history of Texas, after the 1900 Galveston hurricane and the 1947 Texas City disaster.

New London, Texas
New London is a city in Rusk County, Texas, United States. The population was 1181 at the 2020 census.

New London was originally known as just "London", but because Kimble County had already established a US Post Office station named London, the town changed its name to "New London" in 1931.
Nizari Isma'ilism
Nizari Isma'ilis (Arabic: النزارية, romanized: al-Nizāriyya) are the largest segment of the Ismailis, who are the second-largest branch of Shia Islam after the Twelvers. Nizari teachings emphasise the independent legal jurisprudence or ijtihad — though they reject usul (legal reasoning) — pluralism (the acceptance of racial, ethnic, cultural and inter-religious differences) and social justice. Nizaris, along with Twelvers, adhere to the Jaʽfari school of jurisprudence. The Aga Khan, currently Aga Khan V, is the spiritual leader and Imam of most modern Nizaris. The global seat of the Ismaili Imamate is in Lisbon, Portugal.

Aga Khan V
Shah Rahim al-Hussaini (Persian: رحیم الحسینی;‎ born 12 October 1971), known as the Aga Khan V (Persian: آقاخان پنجم, romanized: Āqā Khān Panjum), is a religious leader, philanthropist, and businessman. He is the 50th hereditary Imam of the Shia Nizari Isma'ili Muslims. The Qasimi Nizari Ismailis maintain that they are the only Shi‘i group today led by a living, present, hereditary Imam.

He is the second of four children of Shah Karim al-Husseini, who went by the title Aga Khan IV, and succeeded as the Nizari Imam following his father's death on 4 February 2025. He is the fifth person in the family to hold the title Aga Khan. Upon assuming the Imamate, he inherited his father's estate, which had been valued at over US$13.3 billion by Vanity Fair in 2013.
Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital
Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital, also known as S.C.B Medical College and Hospital, is a public medical college in Cuttack, Odisha, India. It is named after Sriram Chandra Bhanj Deo, the Maharajah of the Mayurbhanj princely state.

It is one of the oldest centers of medical teaching and training in India. It is located near Mangalabag and Ranihat area in the heart of the city Cuttack with a campus of 101 acres (410,000 m2). It has been recognised by the National Medical Commission (NMC). It is an undergraduate institution with education and training in medical and surgical specialties. In 2019, for its Platinum Jubilee, the then CM Naveen Patnaik announced the redevelopment and expansion of the institution under 5T plan. The  medical college will be redeveloped as an AIIMS-plus institution with 5,000 beds in two phases, at an estimated investment of around ₹5000 Crore.(S.C.B. Mega Redevelopment Plan)

Mayurbhanj State
Mayurbhanj State (Odia: ମୟୂରଭଞ୍ଜ ରାଜ୍ୟ; colloquially Morbhanj) was one of the princely states of India during the British Raj. It was one of the largest states of the Eastern States Agency and one of the four salute states of the Orissa States Agency. The emblem of the state was two peacocks, for according to legend the ancestors of the rulers had originated from a peafowl's eyes.

The state included a vast mountainous area inhabited by many different people, such as the Santal, Munda, Ho and Kisan. Its former territory lies in the present-day state of Odisha, bordering West Bengal. The capital of the state was the town of Baripada since the 15th century. Daspur was another important town. Large tracts of Mayurbhanj state were covered with forest.
PetroChina
PetroChina Company Limited (Chinese: 中国石油天然气股份有限公司) is a Chinese oil and gas company and is the listed arm of state-owned China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), headquartered in Dongcheng District, Beijing. The company is currently Asia's largest oil and gas producer. Traded in Hong Kong and New York, the mainland enterprise announced its plans to issue stock in Shanghai in November 2007, and subsequently entered the constituent of SSE 50 Index. In the 2020 Forbes Global 2000, PetroChina was ranked as the 32nd-largest public company in the world.

Sinopec
China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, or Sinopec Group, is a Chinese oil and gas enterprise based in Chaoyang District, Beijing. The SASAC administers China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation for the benefit of State Council of China. China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation operates a publicly traded subsidiary, called Sinopec, listed in Hong Kong and Shanghai stock exchanges. China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation is the world's largest oil refining conglomerate, state owned enterprise, and second highest revenue company in the world behind Walmart.
Aston Martin DP215
The Aston Martin DP215 is a prototype sports car built by Aston Martin for grand touring-style racing in 1963.  It was built alongside the similar DP214, both of which replaced the previous DP212.  Only a single example was built, which survives today.

Again using a DB4GT chassis, the DP215 was stylistically similar to the DP214, but had the advantage of not only being slightly lighter, but also using the larger 4.0-litre Tadek Marek Inline-6-cylinder engine which had previously powered DP212. Even though the car was also intended to carry the Tadek Marek designed 5-litre V8 engine, which later appeared in the Lola Aston T70 MkIII. Even so, with this increased power and decreased weight, the DP215 was seen as better suited to Le Mans' Mulsannes straight than the DP214.

The DP215 was sold at RM Sotheby's 2018 Monterey auction for $21,455,000 including buyer's fee.

Aston Martin DP212
The Aston Martin DP212 was a prototype sports car developed by Aston Martin for use in the 1962 24 Hours of Le Mans.

The car was built on the chassis of a DB4 GT, but featured a streamlined body specifically designed to handle the high speeds of Le Mans.  It also featured a 4.0-litre Inline-6-cylinder engine, based on the DB4 GT's 3.7-litre Tadek Marek unit. Following its participation at Le Mans, the car was slightly modified to feature a Kamm tail design, which would later be used on the Aston Martin DB6.
Tom Lane (computer scientist)
Thomas G. Lane is a computer scientist dedicated to open-source software. In a 2000 survey, he was listed as one of the top 10 contributors to an intended-to-be-representative sample of open-source software, having contributed 0.782% of the total code.

Lane's contributions to open-source include:

Organizer of the Independent JPEG Group (IJG),

Member of the core steering committee of PostgreSQL

Co-author of the Portable Network Graphics (PNG) specification

Member of the Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) advisory committee

Contributor to the Ptolemy Project

Libjpeg
libjpeg is a free library with functions for handling the JPEG image data format. It implements a JPEG codec (encoding and decoding) alongside various utilities for handling JPEG data.
It is written in C and distributed as free software together with its source code under the terms of a custom permissive (BSD-like) free software license, which demands attribution.
The original variant is maintained and published by the Independent JPEG Group (IJG). Meanwhile, there are several forks with additional features.

JPEG JFIF images are widely used on the Web. The amount of compression can be adjusted to achieve the desired trade-off between file size and visual quality.
Melbourne tram route 59
Melbourne tram route 59 is a tram route on the Melbourne tramway network serving the city of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia. Operated by Yarra Trams, the route is coloured dark green and extends from Airport West to Flinders Street station over 14.7 kilometre of double track via Niddrie, Essendon, Moonee Ponds Junction, Ascot Vale, Flemington, North Melbourne and Elizabeth Street. It is serviced out of Essendon depot utilising Z and B class trams.

Moonee Ponds Junction tram stop
Moonee Ponds Junction is a bus and tram interchange on the junction of Ascot Vale Road / Pascoe Vale Road and Mount Alexander Road in Moonee Ponds, Melbourne (Puckle Street / Dean Street also meets at the same point). It is located approximately 400 metres east of Moonee Ponds station. In June 2015, Yarra Trams revealed plans to build a covered tram stop. The work was completed in January 2016.
Battle of Chelenqo
The Battle of Chelenqo was an engagement fought on 9 January 1887 between the Abyssinian army of Shewa under Negus Menelik and Emir 'Abd Allah II ibn 'Ali 'Abd ash-Shakur of Harar. The Harari forces were routed, and Negus Menelik afterwards occupied and annexed the city of Harar.

Harari people
The Harari people (Harari: ጌ፞ይ ኡሱኣች / ݘٛىيْ أُسُأَڛْ‎, Gēy Usuach, "People of the City") are a Semitic-speaking ethnic group which inhabits the Horn of Africa. Members of this ethnic group traditionally reside in the walled city of Harar, simply called Gēy "the City" in Harari, situated in the Harari Region of eastern Ethiopia. They speak the Harari language, a member of the South Ethiopic grouping within the Semitic subfamily of the Afroasiatic languages.
Baltic states synchronization with CESA
The three Baltic states (Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia) undertook the synchronization of their electric power transmission infrastructure with the Continental Europe Synchronous Area (CESA), a project known as Baltic Synchro. Managed by ENTSO-E, this initiative aimed to disconnect from the IPS/UPS system, previously governed by the 2001 BRELL Agreement with Belarus and Russia. The project was successfully completed on 9 February 2025.

IPS/UPS
The IPS/UPS (Russian: ЕЭС/ОЭС), also widely known as the Russian grid, is a wide area synchronous transmission grid, the Russian Unified Power System (UPS; Единая энергетическая система России [ЕЭС]) and the Integrated Power System (IPS; Объединенная энергетическая система [ОЭС]) portion of the network being the national networks of Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.

It has an installed generation capacity of 300 gigawatts, and produces 1,200 terawatt-hours (TWh) per year for its 280 million customers. The system spans eight time zones.
Ros Casares Godella
Ros Casares Godella was a professional women's basketball team based in Godella, Spain. It played in the Liga Femenina de Baloncesto between 1996 and 2012, when it resigned to play in EuroLeague and Spanish League. It continued playing in Primera División Femenina, third tier of Spanish women's basketball, until 2014 when the club was integrated in Valencia Basket as its women's section.

EuroLeague Women
The EuroLeague Women (officially known as the FIBA EuroLeague Women) is the pre-eminent basketball league in Europe for women's basketball clubs.

Unlike the EuroLeague Men, the competition is entirely organized by FIBA Europe.
President of Ethiopia
The president of Ethiopia is the head of state of Ethiopia. The position is largely ceremonial with executive power vested in the Council of Ministers chaired by the prime minister. The current president is Taye Atske Selassie, who took office on 7 October 2024. Presidents are elected by the Federal Parliamentary Assembly for six years.

Federal Parliamentary Assembly
The Federal Parliamentary Assembly (Amharic: የፌዴራል ፓርላማ ምክር ቤት, romanized: Ye-Fēdēralawī Parilama Mikir Bēt) is the federal legislature of Ethiopia. It consists of two chambers:

The House of Federation has 112 members are elected by Indirect election.

The House of Peoples' Representatives has 547 members are elected by First past the post.

Created with the adoption of the Ethiopian Constitution of 1995, the Parliament replaced the National Shengo as the legislative branch of the Ethiopian government.
Satkhira District
Satkhira District (Bengali: সাতক্ষীরা জেলা; lit. 'Seven cucumbers') is a district in southwestern Bangladesh and is part of Khulna Division. It lies along the border with West Bengal, India. It is on the bank of the Arpangachhia River. The largest city and headquarters of this district is Satkhira.

Betna River
The Betna River is located in Bangladesh. It originates in Jessore District, flows through Satkhira and Khulna, where it is called Kalia River, and forms a branch called Dalua River. The Kalia is a tributary of the Kobadak River. The Betna changes its name to Arpangachhia River when it reaches the Sundarbans, and changes it again to the Malancha before flowing into the Bay of Bengal.
Brenda Bennett
Brenda Bennett (born January 24, 1962) is a recording artist from Warwick, Rhode Island and is best known as a member of the American musical groups Vanity 6 and Apollonia 6. Bennett was married to Prince's lighting and set-designer/director Roy Bennett, and she had worked as Prince's "wardrobe mistress." Bennett started off as a member of a Columbia Records band called Ken Lyon and Tombstone, which toured with Mott the Hoople and Queen.

Apollonia 6
Apollonia 6 was an American female singing trio founded in 1983 by Prince, as a successor to his previous group Vanity 6 following the departure of lead singer Vanity. Singers Brenda Bennett and Susan Moonsie continued from the earlier group, while actress and model Apollonia Kotero joined as frontwoman. The group released one album and dissolved in 1985.