hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester
Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester JP (baptised 25 April 1634 – 14 March 1683) was an English courtier and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1671 when he inherited the peerage as Earl of Manchester.

Duke of Manchester
Duke of Manchester is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain, and the current senior title of the House of Montagu. It was created in 1719 for the politician Charles Montagu, 4th Earl of Manchester. Manchester Parish in Jamaica was named after the 5th Duke, while its capital Mandeville was named after his son and heir. The current Duke is Alexander Montagu, 13th Duke of Manchester, a controversial British and Australian citizen who lives in the United States and has served several prison sentences. He succeeded to the peerage in 2002 following the death of his father Angus Montagu, 12th Duke of Manchester, the last of the dukes to hold a seat in the House of Lords.
Bermondsey
Bermondsey (/ˈbɜːrməndzi/ BUR-mənd-zee) is a district in southeast London, part of the London Borough of Southwark, England, 2+1⁄2 miles (4 kilometres) southeast of Charing Cross. To the west of Bermondsey lies Southwark, to the east Rotherhithe and Deptford, to the south Walworth and Peckham, and to the north is Wapping across the River Thames.   It lies within the historic county boundaries of Surrey. During the Industrial Revolution Bermondsey became a centre for manufacturing, particularly in relation to tanning. More recently it has experienced regeneration including warehouse conversions to flats and the provision of new transport links.

London Borough of Southwark
The London Borough of Southwark (/ˈsʌðərk/ ⓘ SUDH-ərk) in South London forms part of Inner London and is connected by bridges across the River Thames to the City of London and the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It was created in 1965 when three smaller council areas were amalgamated under the London Government Act 1963. All districts of the area are within the London postal district. It is governed by Southwark London Borough Council.

The part of the South Bank within the borough is home to London Bridge terminus station and the attractions of The Shard, Tate Modern, Shakespeare's Globe and Borough Market that are the largest of the venues in Southwark to draw domestic and international tourism. Dulwich is home to the Dulwich Picture Gallery and the Imperial War Museum is in Elephant and Castle. Major districts include Bermondsey, Rotherhithe, Peckham, Camberwell, and Dulwich.
Mamoru Takuma
Mamoru Takuma (宅間 守[a], Takuma Mamoru; 23 November 1963 – 14 September 2004) was a Japanese mass murderer who killed eight children in the Ikeda school massacre in Ikeda, Osaka Prefecture, on 8 June 2001.

Takuma had a long history of mentally disturbed and anti-social behaviour, and an extensive criminal record including a conviction for rape. He stabbed to death eight students and seriously wounded fifteen others at Ikeda Elementary School in a knife attack that lasted several minutes.

Takuma was convicted in August 2003 and executed on 14 September 2004.

Kaoru Kobayashi (murderer)
Kaoru Kobayashi (小林 薫, Kobayashi Kaoru; November 30, 1968 – February 21, 2013) was a Japanese newspaper deliveryman who kidnapped, sexually assaulted and murdered 7-year-old Kaede Ariyama (有山 楓, Ariyama Kaede) in Nara, Nara Prefecture, on November 17, 2004. Kobayashi, an ex-convict and pedophile with a record as a prolific sex offender, was sentenced to death for the murder of Ariyama and was executed by hanging at Osaka Detention House on February 21, 2013. Ariyama's murder caused a surge in the moral panic against otaku culture in Japan.
Progress MS-33
Progress MS-33 (Russian: Прогресс МC-33), Russian production No. 463, identified by NASA as Progress 94, is a Progress cargo spacecraft mission by Roscosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS). It will be the 186th flight of a Progress spacecraft and was originally scheduled to launch in late 2025, but was delayed indefinitely due to damage at Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31 following the launch of Soyuz MS-28.

Soyuz MS-28
Soyuz MS-28, identified by NASA as Soyuz 74S, is a Russian crewed Soyuz spaceflight launched from Site 31/6 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome on 27 November 2025 to the International Space Station, where it docked to Russia's Rassvet docking port.
Salvatore Cancemi
Salvatore Cancemi (Italian pronunciation: [salvaˈtoːre kanˈtʃɛːmi]; 19 March 1942 – 14 January 2011) was an Italian mobster and member of the Sicilian Mafia from Palermo. He is the first member of the Sicilian Mafia Commission who turned himself in voluntarily to become a pentito, a collaborator with the Italian judicial authorities. Cancemi made controversial allegations about the collusion of Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi and his right-hand man Marcello Dell'Utri with the Mafia.

Sicilian Mafia Commission
The Sicilian Mafia Commission (Italian: Commissione provinciale), known as Commissione or Cupola, is a body of leading Sicilian Mafia members who decide on important questions concerning the actions of, and settling disputes within the Sicilian Mafia or Cosa Nostra. It is composed of representatives of a mandamento (a district of three geographically contiguous Mafia families) who are called capo mandamento or rappresentante. The Commission is not a central government of the Mafia, but a representative mechanism for consultation of independent Mafia families who decide by consensus. Its primary role is to keep the use of violence among families within limits tolerable to the public and political authorities.
Yeşilçam Academy Award
The Yeşilçam Academy Award was the national film award of Turkey, which was presented by the Yeşilçam Film Academy (YEFA) in 2012. The award, which was named after Yeşilçam Street in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul where many film studios were based during the 1950s-1970s, was created by the Alliance of Cinema Labour Unions' Yeşilçam Film Academy (YEFA) in protest against Turkish Foundation of Cinema and Audiovisual Culture (TÜRSAK)'s disregard of their suggestions to give the Yeşilçam Award, which had been awarded from 2008 to 2011, a more professional structure. The Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the Beyoğlu Municipality, who had been organizers along with TÜRSAK of the previous awards, failed to offer their support to this new award. The First Yeşilçam Film Academy Awards, which was held on June 4, 2012 at the Cemal Reşit Rey Concert Hall (CRRKS) and broadcast live on the A Haber news channel, were described as a mess and have not been held again.

Yeşilçam Award
The Yeşilçam Award was the national film award of Turkey, which was presented annually by the Turkish Foundation of Cinema and Audiovisual Culture (TÜRSAK) and Beyoğlu Municipality from 2008 to 2011. The award, which had been named after Yeşilçam Street in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul where many film studios were based during the 1950s-1970s, was discontinued following the announcement by the Alliance of Cinema Labor Unions' Yeşilçam Film Academy (YEFA) intention to start issuing their own Yeşilçam Academy Award in protest against TÜRSAK's disregard of their suggestions to give the awards a more professional structure.
Line 1 (Granada Metro)
Line 1 of the Granada Metro is a light rail line running from Albolote in the north to Armilla in the south, via Maracena and the center of Granada city. Today it has 26 stations and spans 15,920 km (9,890 mi) from end to end.

In 2019, it served a total of 11.7 million passengers, a 15% increase over the previous year.

Granada Metro
The Granada Metro (Metro de Granada in Spanish) is a single light rail line in the city of Granada, Andalusia, Spain and its metropolitan area. It crosses Granada and covers the towns of Albolote, Maracena and Armilla, with underground sections in central Granada and overground sections elsewhere. The line opened on 21 September 2017, and serves 26 stations, of which 3 stations in central Granada are underground. In 2025, the system had a total ridership of 17,329,112 passengers.
Okumura model
The Okumura model is a radio propagation model that was built using data collected in the city of Tokyo, Japan. The model is ideal for using in cities with many urban structures but not many tall blocking structures. The model served as a base for the Hata model.

The Okumura model was built into three modes: for urban, suburban and open areas. The model for urban areas was built first, and used as the base for the others.

Hata model
The Hata model is a radio propagation model for predicting the path loss of cellular transmissions in exterior environments, valid for frequencies from 150 to 1500 MHz.  It is an empirical formulation based on the data from the Okumura model, and is thus also commonly referred to as the Okumura–Hata model. The model incorporates the graphical information from Okumura model and develops it further to realize the effects of diffraction, reflection and scattering caused by city structures. Additionally, the Hata Model applies corrections for applications in suburban and rural environments.
Spiral plater
A spiral plater is an instrument used to dispense a liquid sample onto a Petri dish in a spiral pattern. Commonly used as part of a CFU count procedure for the purpose of determining the number of microbes in the sample. In this setting, after spiral plating, the Petri dish is incubated for several hours after which the number of colony forming microbes (CFU) is determined. Spiral platers are also used for research, clinical diagnostics and as a method for covering a Petri dish with bacteria before placing antibiotic discs for AST.

Colony-forming unit
In microbiology, a colony-forming unit (CFU, cfu or Cfu) is a unit which estimates the number of microbial cells (bacteria, fungi, viruses etc.) in a sample that are viable and able to multiply via binary fission under the controlled conditions. Determining colony-forming units requires culturing the microbes and counting only viable cells, in contrast with microscopic examination which counts all cells, living or dead. The visual appearance of a colony in a cell culture requires significant growth, and when counting colonies, it is uncertain if the colony arose from a single cell or a group of cells. Expressing results as colony-forming units reflects this uncertainty.
Mayhew Folger
Mayhew Folger (March 9, 1774 – September 1, 1828) was an American whaler who captained the sealing ship Topaz that rediscovered the Pitcairn Islands in 1808, whilst one of HMS Bounty's mutineers was still living.

HMS Bounty
HMS Bounty, also known as HMAV (His Majesty's Armed Vessel) Bounty, was a British merchant ship that the Royal Navy purchased in 1787 for a botanical mission. The ship was sent to the South Pacific Ocean under the command of William Bligh to acquire breadfruit plants and transport them to the British West Indies. That mission was never completed owing to a 1789 mutiny led by acting lieutenant Fletcher Christian, an incident now popularly known as the Mutiny on the Bounty. The mutineers later burned Bounty while she was moored at Pitcairn Island in the Southern Pacific Ocean in 1790. An American adventurer helped land several remains of Bounty in 1957.
Castalia
Castalia /kəˈsteɪliə/ (Ancient Greek: Κασταλία, romanized: Kastalia), in ancient Greek and Roman mythology, is a young nymph, a daughter of the river-god Achelous, who attracted the god Apollo and who is said to have flung herself into the sacred spring in Delphi when pursued by him. The spring took the name Castalia afterwards.

Castalian Spring
The Castalian Spring, in the ravine between the Phaedriades at Delphi, is where all visitors to Delphi — the contestants in the Pythian Games, and especially pilgrims who came to consult the Delphic Oracle — stopped to wash themselves and quench their thirst; it is also here that the Pythia and the priests cleansed themselves before the oracle-giving process. Finally Roman poets regarded it as a source of poetic inspiration. According to some mythological versions it was here that Apollo killed the monster, Python, who was guarding the spring, and that is why it was considered to be sacred.
Magnolia grandiflora
Magnolia grandiflora, commonly known as the southern magnolia or bull bay, is a tree of the family Magnoliaceae native to the Southeastern United States, from Virginia to central Florida, and west to East Texas. Reaching 27.5 m (90 ft) in height, it is a large, striking evergreen tree, with large, dark-green leaves up to 20 cm (7+3⁄4 in) long and 12 cm (4+3⁄4 in) wide, and large, white, fragrant flowers up to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter.

Although endemic to the evergreen lowland subtropical forests on the Gulf and South Atlantic coastal plain, M. grandiflora is widely cultivated in warmer areas around the world. The timber is hard and heavy, and has been used commercially to make furniture, pallets, and veneer.

Magnolia virginiana
Magnolia virginiana, most commonly known as sweetbay magnolia, or merely sweetbay (also laurel magnolia, swampbay, swamp magnolia, white bay, or beaver tree), is a member of the magnolia family, Magnoliaceae. It was the first magnolia to be scientifically described under modern rules of botanical nomenclature, and is the type species of the genus Magnolia; as Magnolia is also the type genus of all flowering plants (magnoliophytes), this species in a sense typifies all flowering plants.
Ellagitannin
The ellagitannins are a diverse class of hydrolyzable tannins, a type of polyphenol formed primarily from the oxidative linkage of galloyl groups in 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl glucose. Ellagitannins differ from gallotannins, in that their galloyl groups are linked through C-C bonds, whereas the galloyl groups in gallotannins are linked by depside bonds.

Ellagitannins contain various numbers of hexahydroxydiphenoyl units, as well as galloyl units and/or sanguisorboyl units bounded to sugar moiety. In order to determine the quantity of every individual unit, the hydrolysis of the extracts with trifluoroacetic acid in methanol/water system is performed. Hexahydroxydiphenic acid, created after hydrolysis, spontaneously lactonized to ellagic acid, and sanguisorbic acid to sanguisorbic acid dilactone, while gallic acid remains intact.

Ellagitannins generally form macrocycles, whereas gallotannins do not.

Castalagin
Castalagin is an ellagitannin, a type of hydrolyzable tannin, found in oak and chestnut wood and in the stem barks of Terminalia leiocarpa and Terminalia avicennoides.

Castalagin is the diastereomer of vescalagin in C-1 of the glycosidic chain. Castalagin/ vescalagin are the most abundant ellagitannins in white wine stored in oak barrels. During aging of wines, these two compounds were progressively extracted from the wood and were transformed into new derivatives by chemical reactions. Therefore, castalagin/ vescalagin and their derivatives contribute to the color and the taste of wines and spirits stored in oak barrels.
Peter Willcox
Peter Willcox (born March 6, 1953) is an American sea captain best known for his activism with the environmental organization Greenpeace. He was on board as captain of the Rainbow Warrior when it was bombed and sunk by the DGSE (French intelligence service) in New Zealand in 1985.

In 2013, he was aboard the MV Arctic Sunrise when the Russian military boarded it and arrested him and 30 other activists in what became known as the "Arctic 30." He was detained for two months before being released. In 2014, he received a Lifetime Achievement Award from The Guardian for his environmental activism.

Rainbow Warrior (1955)
Rainbow Warrior was a Greenpeace ship involved in campaigns against whaling, seal hunting, nuclear testing and nuclear waste dumping during the late 1970s and early 1980s. The Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure (the French intelligence service) bombed Rainbow Warrior in the Port of Auckland, New Zealand on 10 July 1985, sinking the ship and killing photographer Fernando Pereira.
Tim Wellens
Tim Wellens (born 10 May 1991) is a Belgian professional road cyclist, who rides for UCI WorldTeam UAE Team Emirates XRG.

Since turning professional in 2012, and coming from a family of professional cyclists, Wellens has taken almost forty professional victories including a record four overall victories (2014, 2015, 2023, 2024) – as well as four stage wins – in the Benelux Tour. Further to this, Wellens has taken UCI World Tour victories at the 2015 Grand Prix Cycliste de Montréal, the 2016 Tour de Pologne and the 2017 Tour of Guangxi. He has also won five Grand Tour stages – one each at the 2016 Giro d'Italia and the 2018 Giro d'Italia, two at the 2020 Vuelta a España, and one at the 2025 Tour de France – and the Belgian National Time Trial Championships in 2024.

2017 Tour of Guangxi
The 2017 Tour of Guangxi was a road cycling stage race that took place in China between 19 and 24 October 2017. It was the 1st edition of the Tour of Guangxi and was part of the 2017 UCI World Tour as a 2.UWT event. The race was won by Belgian cyclist Tim Wellens of Lotto–Soudal.

The points classification was won by Fernando Gaviria of Quick-Step Floors.

The mountains classification was won by Daniel Oss of BMC Racing Team.

The youth classification was won by Julian Alaphilippe of Quick-Step Floors.
Riccarton, East Ayrshire
Riccarton is a village and parish in East Ayrshire, Scotland. It lies across the River Irvine from Kilmarnock, this river forming the boundary between Riccarton and Kilmarnock parishes, and also between the historical districts of Kyle and Cunningham. The name is a corruption of 'Richard's town', traditionally said to refer to Richard Wallace, the uncle of Sir William Wallace.  The parish also contains the village of Hurlford.

Hurlford
Hurlford is a village in East Ayrshire, Scotland, situated on the outskirts of Kilmarnock.  It has a population of 4,968. Hurlford's former names include Whirlford and Hurdleford. The village was named Whirlford as a result of a ford crossing the River Irvine east of Hurlford Cross, near Shawhill. The census locality is called Hurlford and Crookedholm.

The village's Blair Park is home to Hurlford United F.C. and many notable footballers have been trained there.
Palamu Lok Sabha constituency
Palamu Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Palamau Lok Sabha constituency) is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes. This constituency covers the entire Garhwa district and part of Palamu district.

Garhwa district
Garhwa district is one of the twenty-four districts in the Indian state of Jharkhand. The Garhwa District is part of the Palamu division and has its administrative headquarters in Garhwa City.Garhwa district is located in west northern part of Jharkhand.
Hoklo people
The Hoklo people (Chinese: 福佬人; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ho̍h-ló-lâng) are a Han Chinese sub-ethnic group who speak Hokkien, a Southern Min language, or trace their ancestry to southeastern Fujian in China, and known by various related terms such as Banlam people (閩南人; Bân-lâm-lâng), Minnan people, Fujianese people or more commonly in Southeast Asia as the Hokkien people (福建人; Hok-kiàn-lâng).  The Hokkien people are found in significant numbers in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, and the United States. The Hokkien people have a distinct culture and architecture, including Hokkien shrines and temples with tilted sharp eaves, high and slanted top roofs, and finely detailed decorative inlays of wood and porcelain. The Hokkien language, which includes Taiwanese Hokkien, is the mainstream Southern Min, which is partially mutually intelligible to other Southern Min varieties such as Teochew, Zhongshan, Haklau, and Zhenan.

Minnan region
Minnan, Banlam, or Minnan Golden Triangle (simplified Chinese: 闽南金三角; traditional Chinese: 閩南金三角; pinyin: Mǐnnán jīnsānjiǎo; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bân-lâm kim-saⁿ-kak; lit. 'South Fujian Golden Triangle'), refers to the coastal region in South Fujian Province, China, which includes the prefecture-level cities of Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou. The region accounts for 40 percent of the GDP of Fujian Province. It is the native homeland of the Hokkien people who speak the Hokkien language or Minnan language, a variety of Southern Min.

Other terms used in the Minnan region include the one sinologist G. William Skinner used, which was the term Zhang-Quan (simplified Chinese: 漳泉分区; traditional Chinese: 漳泉分區; pinyin: Zhāng quán fēnqū; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chiuⁿ chôaⁿ pun-khu) to describe the region in his guide to the physiographic macroregions of China.
Pinhas Rutenberg
Pinhas Rutenberg (Russian: Пётр Моисеевич Рутенберг, romanized: Pyotr Moiseyevich Rutenberg; Hebrew: פנחס רוטנברג; 5 February 1879 – 3 January 1942) was a Russian businessman, hydraulic engineer and political activist. In Russia, he was a member of the Socialist Revolutionary Party and fled due to the Bolshevik revolution. During World War I, he was among the founders of the Jewish Legion and of the American Jewish Congress. Later, he immigrated to Mandatory Palestine and used his education and diplomacy to obtain a concession for production and distribution of electric power and founded the Palestine Electric Corporation in 1923, currently the Israel Electric Corporation. A vocal and committed Zionist, Rutenberg also participated in establishing the Haganah, and founded Palestine Airways. He subsequently served as a president of the Jewish National Council.

Israel Electric Corporation
Israel Electric Corporation (IEC; Hebrew: חברת החשמל לישראל) is the largest supplier of electrical power in Israel and the Palestinian territories. The IEC builds, maintains, and operates power generation stations, sub-stations, as well as transmission and distribution networks in Israel.

The company is the sole integrated electric utility in the State of Israel. Its installed generating capacity represents about 75% of the total electricity production capacity in the country. It transmits and distributes substantially all the electricity used in Israel, including power generated by other producers. The State of Israel owns approximately 99.85% of the company.
Estádio Municipal da Marinha Grande
Estádio Municipal da Marinha Grande is a football stadium in Marinha Grande, Portugal.  It hosts football matches  for Atlético Clube Marinhense and hosted the home matches of U.D. Leiria in 2002-03 when Estádio Dr. Magalhães Pessoa was being renovated. The stadium is able to hold 5,200 people and opened in 1992.

In 2011–12, U.D. Leiria relocated again to Marinha Grande for 3 years, claiming excessive rent at Estádio Dr. Magalhães Pessoa, after it was relegated, the deal was abandoned and U.D. Leiria moved to Campo da Portela in Santa Catarina da Serra.

U.D. Leiria
União Desportiva de Leiria (Portuguese pronunciation: [uniˈɐ̃w dɨ lɐjˈɾiɐ]), commonly known as União de Leiria, is a Portuguese professional football club based in Leiria. Founded on 6 June 1966, it currently plays in the Liga Portugal 2, holding home matches at Estádio Dr. Magalhães Pessoa, with a 23,888-seat capacity.