hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Murdoch of Rosebank
John Murdoch of Rosebank (1709–1776) was a Scottish tobacco lord and politician who served as Lord Provost of Glasgow three times: 1746–1748, 1750–1752 and 1758–1760, with his brother-in-law Andrew Cochrane serving in the intervening years. Murdoch Avenue in Cambuslang is named after him.

Andrew Cochrane
Andrew Cochrane of Brighouse (1693 – 1777) was a Scottish merchant who served as Lord Provost of Glasgow three times, more than any other person: 1744/5, 1748/9, and 1760/1. Cochrane Street in central Glasgow was renamed in his honour in 1799; the street previously being known as Cotton Street.
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a partially double-stranded DNA virus, a species of the genus Orthohepadnavirus and a member of the Hepadnaviridae family of viruses. This virus causes the disease hepatitis B.

Hepadnaviridae
Hepadnaviridae is a family of viruses. Humans, apes, and birds serve as natural hosts. The family contains five genera. Its best-known member is  hepatitis B virus. Diseases associated with this family include: liver infections, such as hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinomas (chronic infections), and cirrhosis. It is the sole accepted family in the order Blubervirales.
Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua castellana
The Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua castellana is a four-volume etymological dictionary of Spanish compiled by the Catalan philologist Joan Corominas (1905-1997), and first published by Francke Verlag in Bern, Switzerland, in 1954.

Its publication was followed in 1961 by that of a single-volume abridged version (Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana), and in the 1980s by a six-volume revised and expanded version (retitled Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico).

This dictionary was praised for its ambitious approach, its exhaustive coverage of the material, its meticulous documentation, and its unprecedented candor about the unknown. As Josep Pla said: "... I have the feeling that is one of the hardest works in the country, done with a safe, rhythmic and continuous effort.. The Critical & etymological Dictionary is what it has been left behind a lonely, restless lifetime of effort...".

Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico
The Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico is a discursive etymological dictionary of Spanish compiled by Joan Coromines (also spelled Corominas) in collaboration with José Antonio Pascual. It was completed in the late 1970s and published in five volumes in the early 1980s. The entries Y and Z plus an index of the five volumes was published as a sixth volume in 1991. The dictionary is an expansion and consolidation of earlier etymological publications by Corominas, particularly the mid-1950s Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua castellana.
Carmen Rosa Núñez
Carmen Rosa Núñez Campos (born 11 May 1954) is a Peruvian politician and entrepreneur in the field of education. In December 2013, she was accredited by the national jury of elections as a member of the Congress of the Republic for the National Solidarity Party, after congressman Michael Urtecho was removed from office. She represented the Department of La Libertad from 2014 to 2016.

Michael Urtecho
Wilson Michael Urtecho Medina (born 6 November 1969) is a Peruvian engineer and politician, belonging to the National Solidarity and is a former Congressman representing the Department of La Libertad from 2006 until he was disqualified in December 2013, and he was banned from holding public office for a ten-year period. Urtecho was diagnosed with hypotonia as a child and uses a wheelchair.
Radio Norwich 99.9
Greatest Hits Radio Norfolk & North Suffolk (Norwich) (formerly Radio Norwich 99.9) is an Independent Local Radio station owned and operated by Bauer, broadcasting to Norwich and the surrounding area. The station was merged with North Norfolk Radio and The Beach and became Greatest Hits Radio Norfolk and North Suffolk.

North Norfolk Radio
North Norfolk Radio was an Independent Local Radio station in North Norfolk, England, owned and operated by Bauer Radio as part of the Greatest Hits Radio network. It was closed on 1 September 2020 and merged with Greatest Hits Radio Norfolk & North Suffolk.
Abyssinia (battle honour)
Abyssinia is a battle honour awarded to units of the British Indian Army and the British Army which participated in the 1868 campaign to free Europeans held hostage in Abyssinia (now known as Ethiopia) by Emperor Tewodros II (known at that time to the British as Theodore). The success of the expedition led to the award of this honour to units of the British Indian Army which had participated in the campaign. The units belonged, with the exception of the Madras Sappers, to the Bengal and Bombay Presidency Armies.

Madras Engineer Group
Madras Engineer Group (MEG), informally known as the Madras Sappers, is an engineer group of the Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army. The Madras Sappers draw their origin from the erstwhile Madras Presidency army of the British Raj. This regiment has its HQ in Bengaluru. The Madras Sappers are the oldest of the three groups of the Corps of Engineers.

The Madras Sappers were the only regiment of the Madras Presidency Army to survive unscathed the extensive reorganisations that took place between 1862 and 1928. The thambis, as the troops of the Madras Sappers are popularly known, with their hallmark Shakos have distinguished themselves in many battlefields around the world for more than 200 years.

The Bangalore torpedo, a mine-clearing explosive device, was invented in the Centre at Bengaluru in the early years of the Twentieth Century.
Julia Stone
Julia Stone (born 13 April 1984) is an Australian folk singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. She is a sister of Angus Stone, with whom she has collaborated in professional music, and is also a solo musician. Her debut solo album, The Memory Machine, was released in September 2010. Her second solo album, By the Horns, was released in May 2012, and peaked at No. 11 on the ARIA Albums Chart.

Angus Stone
Angus John Stone (born 27 April 1986) is an Australian musician, singer-songwriter and record producer. He is one half of the musical sibling duo Angus & Julia Stone, with whom he has released five studio albums. His debut solo album, Smoking Gun, was released in April 2009 under the pseudonym Lady of the Sunshine, and reached the top 50 on the ARIA Albums Chart. His second solo album, Broken Brights, was released under his name on 13 July 2012 and peaked at number 2. Stone currently records under the moniker of Dope Lemon.
Chlorophyllide
Chlorophyllide a and chlorophyllide b  are the biosynthetic precursors of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b respectively. Their propionic acid groups are converted to phytyl esters by the enzyme chlorophyll synthase in the final step of the pathway. Thus the main interest in these chemical compounds has been in the study of chlorophyll biosynthesis in plants, algae and cyanobacteria. Chlorophyllide a is also an intermediate in the biosynthesis of bacteriochlorophylls.

Bacteriochlorophyll
Bacteriochlorophylls (BChl) are photosynthetic pigments that occur in various phototrophic bacteria. They were discovered by C. B. van Niel in 1932. They are related to chlorophylls, which are the primary pigments in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Organisms that contain bacteriochlorophyll conduct photosynthesis to sustain their energy requirements, but the process is anoxygenic and does not produce oxygen as a byproduct. They use wavelengths of light not absorbed by plants or cyanobacteria. Replacement of Mg2+ with protons gives bacteriophaeophytin (BPh), the phaeophytin form.

Structures of major bacteriochlorophylls

bacteriochlorophyll a

bacteriochlorophyll b

bacteriochlorophyll c

bacteriochlorophyll d

bacteriochlorophyll e

bacteriochlorophyll f

bacteriochlorophyll g
Darlington, New South Wales
Darlington is a small, inner-city suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Darlington is located about three kilometres south of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney. At the time of its incorporation in 1864, it had the distinction of being the smallest municipality in the Sydney metropolitan area, at a mere 44 acres. Darlington is bordered by City Road, Cleveland Street, Golden Grove Street, Wilson Street and Abercrombie Street.

Municipality of Darlington
The Municipality of Darlington was a local government area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The municipality was proclaimed in 1864 and, with an area of 0.2 square kilometres, was the smallest municipal council in Sydney. It included the entire suburb of Darlington, excepting a small block between Golden Grove and Forbes streets, which was administered by the Municipality of Redfern in Golden Grove Ward. The council was amalgamated, along with most of its neighbours, with the City of Sydney to the north with the passing of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948. From 1968 to 1982 and from 1989 to 2004, the area was part of the South Sydney councils.
Jemima (cat)
Jemima (also known as Sillabub) is a principal character in the musical Cats, written by Andrew Lloyd Webber based on the poetry of T. S. Eliot. The youngest member of the Jellicle cats, she is idealistic and very accepting of others. She becomes the first cat to accept the outcast Grizabella back into the tribe.

The role was originated in the West End by Sarah Brightman in 1981, and on Broadway by Whitney Kershaw in 1982. Veerle Casteleyn played Jemima in the 1998 film adaptation with Helen Massey providing the character's singing voice. Jonadette Carpio portrayed the role (as "Syllabub") in the 2019 film adaptation.

Grizabella
Grizabella the Glamour Cat is a starring role in the Andrew Lloyd Webber musical Cats.  The show's signature number, "Memory," belongs to her.

Elaine Paige originated the role in the show's West End premier in 1981 (replacing Dame Judi Dench just four days before the production's opening night), and by Betty Buckley on Broadway in 1982. Buckley won the 1983 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for her portrayal. Jennifer Hudson played Grizabella in the 2019 film version.
Salem, Ma'ale Iron
Salem or Salim (Arabic: سالم, Hebrew: סאלם)  is an Arab village in Israel's Haifa District. The village is in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle, 4 kilometers northeast of Umm al-Fahm. Since 1996, it has been under the jurisdiction of the Ma'ale Iron local council. In mid-2016 Salem's population was 1,699, predominantly Muslims. The village is divided into five neighborhoods: Abu Bakr, Darwish, Subaihat, Ayash and Rifai. Most of the adult males in the village work in manual labour.

Ma'ale Iron
Ma'ale Iron (Hebrew: מעלה עירון, lit. Iron Heights; Arabic: طلعة عارة) is an Arab local council in Israel's Haifa District and is a part of the Wadi Ara region in the Triangle. The town consists of the five villages of Bayada, Musheirifa, Musmus, Salem and Zalafa. The villages were joined together in 1996 by the Interior Ministry of Israel to form the local council. In 2023 its population was 15,277, predominantly Muslims. It has an area of 6.3 km2. Ma'ale Iron has four elected members and since 2013 the head of the council has been Mustafa Ighbarieh.
Feel It (The Tamperer featuring Maya song)
"Feel It" is a song by Italian musical group the Tamperer featuring Maya, released by various labels as the first single from their only album, Fabulous (1999). Produced by Falox, a production team that then consisted of Tamperer members Mario Fargetta and Alex Farolfi, the song is based on the Jacksons' 1981 hit "Can You Feel It" and quotes Heather Leigh West's lyrics from Urban Discharge's 1996 song "Wanna Drop a House."

The song was a commercial success, reaching number one in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and the Wallonia region of Belgium. It also topped the Canadian RPM Dance chart, peaked at number two in Italy, and reached the top 10 in eight other countries, including France, Hungary, New Zealand, and Norway.

Can You Feel It (The Jacksons song)
"Can You Feel It" is a song by American group the Jacksons, recorded in March 1980 and released as the third single from their album Triumph on February 13, 1981.

Written by brothers Michael Jackson and Jackie Jackson, the song featured solo leads by Michael and Randy Jackson. Released as a single in 1981, "Can You Feel It" peaked at number 77 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 30 on the Billboard R&B Chart. Outside of the United States, "Can You Feel It" topped the charts in Belgium (Flanders) and South Africa, peaked within the top ten of the charts in Australia, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom, and the top 20 of the charts in Ireland.
Stockholms Enskilda Bank
Stockholms Enskilda Bank, sometimes called Enskilda banken or SEB, was a Swedish bank, founded in 1856 by André Oscar Wallenberg as Stockholm's first private bank. In 1857, Stockholms Enskilda Bank began to employ women, claiming to be the first bank to do.

Stockholms Enskilda Bank was managed by the Wallenberg family who, thanks to the bank, built a unique position in Swedish business. During World War II, the Wallenberg bank was accused of collaborating with Nazi Germany, putting the bank on blockade by the U.S. Government. In 1972, the bank merged with Skandinaviska Banken to become Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken.

Wallenberg family
The Wallenberg family is a prominent Swedish family of bankers, industrialists, politicians, bureaucrats and diplomats, present in most large Swedish industrial groups, including EQT AB, Ericsson, Electrolux, ABB, SAS Group, SKF, Atlas Copco, Saab AB, and more. In the 1970s, the Wallenberg family businesses employed 40% of Sweden's industrial workforce and represented 40% of the total worth of the Stockholm stock market. Their flagship company, Investor AB, has a market capitalization of around $60 billion.

The most famous of the Wallenberg family, Raoul Wallenberg, a diplomat, worked in Budapest, Hungary, during World War II to rescue Jews from the Holocaust. Between July and December 1944, he issued protective passports and housed Jews, saving tens of thousands of Jewish lives. The family is also heavily involved in philanthropy through the Wallenberg foundations, especially the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation.
Plaza de Armas (Santiago)
The Plaza de Armas is the main square of Santiago, the capital of Chile. Plaza de Armas metro station is located under the square. Surrounding the square are some historic buildings, including the Metropolitan Cathedral of Santiago, Central Post Office Building, Palacio de la Real Audiencia de Santiago, and the building that serves as the seat of local government for Santiago, which was formerly occupied by the Cabildo of the city before being remodeled. There are also other architecturally significant buildings that face the square, including the Capilla del Sagrario, the Palacio arzobispal, the Edificio Comercial Edwards, and the Portal Fernández Concha. The Casa Colorada, the Cuartel General del Cuerpo de Bomberos de Santiago and the Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino are located a short walk from the square.

The square, the nearby former National Congress building and surrounding buildings were registered on 3 December 1986 as a national monument as a zona típica.

Central Post Office Building (Santiago)
The Central Post Office Building (Spanish: Correo Central de Santiago) is a historic post office building on the northern edge of the Plaza de Armas, in Santiago, Chile. It is adjacent to the Palacio de la Real Audiencia de Santiago and is located on what was the land lot originally owned by Pedro de Valdivia and where he built his house. The site also was occupied by a building that served as Presidential Palace until 1846. Construction of the current building began in 1881 and was designed by Ricardo Brown. Its current appearance dates to 1908.

It was designated a National Monument of Chile in 1976.
TMS6100
The Texas Instruments TMS6100 Voice Synthesis Memory (VSM) is a 1 or 4-bit serial mask factory-programmed read-only memory IC. It is a companion chip to the TMS5100, CD2802, TMS5110, (rarely) TMS5200, and (rarely) TMS5220 speech synthesizer ICs, and was mask-programmed with LPC data required for a specific product. It holds 128 Kib (16 KiB) of data, and is mask-programmed with a start address for said data on a 16 KiB boundary. It is also mask-programmable whether the /CE line needs to be high or low to activate, and also what the two (or four) 'internal' CE bits need to be set to activate, effectively making the total addressable area 18 bits. Finally, it is mask-programmable whether the bits are read out 1-bit serially or 4 at a time.

Texas Instruments LPC Speech Chips
The Texas Instruments LPC Speech Chips are a series of speech synthesizer digital signal processor integrated circuits created by Texas Instruments beginning in 1978. They continued to be developed and marketed for many years, though the speech department moved around several times within TI until finally dissolving in late 2001. The rights to the speech-specific subset of the MSP line, the last remaining line of TI speech products as of 2001, were sold to Sensory, Inc. in October 2001.
Lifehacker
Lifehacker is a weblog about life hacks and software that launched on 31 January 2005. The site was originally launched by Gawker Media and is owned by Ziff Davis. The blog posts cover a wide range of topics including Microsoft Windows, Macintosh, Linux programs, iOS, and Android, as well as general life tips and tricks. The website is known for its fast-paced release schedule from its inception, with content being published every half hour all day long.

Lifehacker has international editions: Lifehacker Australia (as of 2022 owned by Pedestrian), Lifehacker Japan, and Lifehacker UK, which feature most posts from the U.S. edition along with extra content specific to local readers. Lifehacker UK folded on 9 September 2020 when its British publisher decided not to renew its license.

Pedestrian (company)
Pedestrian, formerly PEDESTRIAN.TV, is a youth digital news and entertainment website based in Sydney, Australia, founded in 2005. It is a subsidiary of Nine Entertainment

As of March 2022 Pedestrian Group owns Pedestrian (the website) as well the Australian brands Pedestrian JOBS and Openair Cinemas.
Acid-set cheese
Acid-set or sour milk cheese is cheese that has been curdled (coagulated) by natural souring, often from lactic acid bacteria, or by the addition of acid. This type of cheese is technologically simple to produce.

When making soft acid-set cheese using bacteria, the coagulum results from production of lactic acid by the starter microorganisms.

Cheeses can be classified according to a variety of features including ripening characteristics, special processing techniques (such as cheddaring) or method of coagulation. Acid-setting is a method of coagulation that accounts for around 25% of cheese production. These are generally fresh cheeses like,  queso blanco, quark and cream cheese. The other 75%, which includes almost all ripened cheeses, are rennet cheeses.

Ricotta and most other whey cheeses are made by first heating the milk to between 90 and 92 degrees Celsius to create coprecipitation of casein and whey protein before addition of lactic or citric acid.

Quark (dairy product)
Quark or quarg (sometimes translated as curd cheese) is a type of fresh dairy product made from milk. The milk is soured, usually by adding lactic acid bacteria cultures, and strained once the desired curdling is achieved. It can be classified as fresh acid-set cheese. Traditional quark can be made without rennet, but in modern dairies small quantities of rennet are typically added. It is soft, white and unaged, and usually has no salt added.

Quark and its drier variant tvorog are traditional in the cuisines of Baltic, Germanic and Slavic-speaking countries as well as amongst French, Romanians, Italians, Hungarians, Greeks, Ashkenazi Jews and various Turkic peoples. Quark is similar to other fresh cheeses, including the French fromage blanc, cottage cheese, and farmer cheese.
Kingston, Maryland
Kingston is an unincorporated community in Somerset County, Maryland, United States.  A small community at the head of navigation of the Big Annemessex River, it is located on Maryland Route 413 at the intersection of Kingston Lane.  A very rural community far from any urban development, it is quite small in population, the land dominated by agricultural fields and tree farms.

The ZIP code is 21871, shared with Westover to the north.  Its three-digit exchange is 623, the same as in Marion, and the area code is 410.

Marion Station, Maryland
Marion Station, also known as Marion, is an unincorporated community in Somerset County, Maryland, United States.  It is located at the northern intersection of Maryland routes 413 and 667. After the arrival of the Pennsylvania Railroad arm known as the "Eastern Shore Railroad" toward Crisfield in 1866, Marion was locally hailed as the "strawberry capital of the world". After the trains stopped coming it went into decline, with some sources even hailing it as a ghost town.
Apache Tomcat
Apache Tomcat (called "Tomcat" for short) is a free and open-source implementation of the Jakarta EE Servlet, Pages, Expression Language, WebSocket, Annotations and Authentication technologies. It provides a "pure Java" HTTP web server environment in which Java code can also run. Thus it is a Java web application server, although not a full Jakarta EE application server.

Tomcat is developed and maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation, released under the Apache License 2.0 license.

Jakarta Server Pages
Jakarta Server Pages (JSP; formerly JavaServer Pages) is a collection of technologies that helps software developers create dynamically generated web pages based on HTML, XML, SOAP, or other document types. Released in 1999 by Sun Microsystems, JSP is similar to PHP and ASP, but uses the Java programming language.

To deploy and run Jakarta Server Pages, a compatible web server with a servlet container, such as Apache Tomcat or Jetty, is required.
Our Young Folks
Our Young Folks: An Illustrated Magazine for Boys and Girls was a monthly United States children’s magazine, published between January 1865 and December 1873. It was printed in Boston by Ticknor and Fields from 1865 to 1868, and then by James R. Osgood & Co. from 1869 to 1873. The magazine published works by  Lucretia Peabody Hale, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Horatio Alger, Oliver Optic, Louisa May Alcott, Thomas Bailey Aldrich, John Greenleaf Whittier, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and Frances Matilda Abbott.

In 1874 the periodical merged with St. Nicholas Magazine.

St. Nicholas (magazine)
St. Nicholas was a popular monthly American children's magazine, founded by Scribner's in 1873 and named after the Christian saint. The first editor was Mary Mapes Dodge, who continued her association with the magazine until her death in 1905. Dodge published work by the country's leading writers, including Louisa May Alcott, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Mark Twain, Laura E. Richards and Joel Chandler Harris. Many famous writers were first published in St. Nicholas League, a department that offered awards and cash prizes to the best work submitted by its juvenile readers. Edna St. Vincent Millay, F. Scott Fitzgerald, E. B. White, and Stephen Vincent Benét were all St. Nicholas League winners.

St. Nicholas ceased publication in 1940. A revival was attempted in 1943, but only a few issues were published before St. Nicholas folded once more.