hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Perry Wilson
James Perry Wilson (August 13, 1889 - August 12, 1976) was an American, painter, designer, and architect best known for his natural history dioramas. Active for over 40 years, he is noted for his work with the American Museum of Natural History, the Peabody Museum of Natural History, and the Boston Museum of Science.

Peabody Museum of Natural History
The Yale Peabody Museum at Yale University (also known as the Peabody Museum of Natural History or the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History) is one of the oldest, largest, and most prolific university natural history museums in the world. It was founded by the philanthropist George Peabody in 1866 at the behest of his nephew Othniel Charles Marsh, an early paleontologist. The museum is best known for the Great Hall of Dinosaurs, which includes a mounted juvenile Brontosaurus and the 110-foot-long (34 m) mural The Age of Reptiles. The museum also has permanent exhibits dedicated to human and mammal evolution; wildlife dioramas; Egyptian artifacts; local birds and minerals; and Native Americans of Connecticut.

In 2020, the Peabody Museum closed for its "first comprehensive renovation in 90 years." It reopened, with more than twice the exhibition space, on March 26, 2024.
Orphans' Decree
The Orphans' Decree was a law in the Kingdom of Yemen mandating the forced conversion of Jewish orphans to Islam promulgated by the Zaydi. According to one source, the decree has "no parallel in other countries".

This law, like all laws applying to dhimmi, was applied more or less ruthlessly depending upon the inclination local and royal officials. It was aggressively enforced at least some of the time and in some regions under Imam Yahya (1918–1948).

Although forced conversion is not widely recognized under Islamic laws, historian and Arabist Shelomo Dov Goitein believes that a forced conversion of orphans could have been justified by the revelation attributed to Muhammad that states: "Every person is born to the natural religion [Islam], and only his parents make a Jew or a Christian out of him."

Forced conversion
Forced conversion is the adoption of a religion or irreligion under duress. Someone who has been forced to convert to a different religion or irreligion may continue, covertly, to adhere to the beliefs and practices which were originally held, while outwardly behaving as a convert. Crypto-Jews, Crypto-Christians, Crypto-Muslims, Crypto-Hindus and Crypto-Pagans are historical examples of the latter.
Rodney Jory
Rodney Leonard (Rod) Jory AM, (26 November 1938 – 14 October 2021), was an Australian physicist noted for establishing and running the National Youth Science Forum (NYSF/NSSS) and for his contributions to Australian teams which have competed at the International Physics Olympiad. He retired from the position of director of the NYSF in January 2005. He died in 2021 in Merimbula, New South Wales, at the age of 82.

National Youth Science Forum
The National Youth Science Forum (NYSF) is a summer school programme dedicated to Year 11 students who are heading into Year 12 and trying to pursue careers in science, engineering and related disciplines. They are also given training in public speaking. Until 1995, it was known as the National Science Summer School (NSSS).

The Forum is a residential program that takes place in January in Canberra and Brisbane. Activities are supervised by student staff and resident Rotary International counselors. The program is advertised to have little time for outside activities, except for meeting people in the program.

Some students from New Zealand, South Africa, and the United Kingdom are involved.
Bronchiole
The bronchioles (/ˈbrɑːŋkioʊls/ BRONG-kee-ohls) are the smaller branches of the bronchial airways in the lower respiratory tract. They include the terminal bronchioles, and finally the respiratory bronchioles that mark the start of the respiratory zone delivering air to the gas exchanging units of the alveoli. The bronchioles no longer contain the cartilage that is found in the bronchi, or glands in their submucosa.

Bronchus
A bronchus (/ˈbrɒŋkəs/ BRONG-kəs; pl.: bronchi, /ˈbrɒŋkaɪ/ BRONG-ky) is a passage or airway in the lower respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs. The first or primary bronchi to branch from the trachea at the carina are the right main bronchus and the left main bronchus. These are the widest bronchi, and enter the right lung, and the left lung at each hilum. The main bronchi branch into narrower secondary bronchi or lobar bronchi, and these branch into narrower tertiary bronchi or segmental bronchi. Further divisions of the segmental bronchi are known as 4th order, 5th order, and 6th order segmental bronchi, or grouped together as subsegmental bronchi.
The bronchi, when too narrow to be supported by cartilage, are known as bronchioles. No gas exchange takes place in the bronchi.
Cherelle Parker
Cherelle Lesley Parker (born September 9, 1972) is an American politician and former educator serving as the 100th mayor of Philadelphia since 2024. A member of the Democratic Party, she is the first woman to hold the office.

Parker served in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives representing the 200th district in Northwest Philadelphia from 2005 to 2015. She was elected to represent the ninth district on the Philadelphia City Council in 2015 and re-elected in 2019, serving as majority leader from 2020 to 2022.

In September 2022, Parker resigned from City Council and announced her candidacy in the 2023 Philadelphia mayoral election. She won the Democratic primary in May 2023, going on to defeat Republican David Oh in the general election in November.

Mayor of Philadelphia
The mayor of Philadelphia is the chief executive of the government of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
as stipulated by the Charter of the City of Philadelphia. The current mayor of Philadelphia is Cherelle Parker, who is the first woman to hold the position.
A Murder on the Appian Way
A Murder on the Appian Way is a historical novel by American author Steven Saylor, first published by St. Martin's Press in 1996. It is the fifth book in his Roma Sub Rosa series of mystery novels set in the final decades of the Roman Republic. The main character is the Roman sleuth Gordianus the Finder.

Roma Sub Rosa
Roma Sub Rosa is a series of historical mystery novels by Steven Saylor set in ancient Rome and therefore populated by famous historic Roman citizens. The phrase "Roma Sub Rosa" means, in Latin, "Rome under the rose." If a matter was sub rosa, "under the rose," it meant that such matter was confidential.

The detective is known as Gordianus the Finder, and he mixes with non-fictional citizens of the Republic including Sulla, Cicero, Marcus Crassus, Catilina, Catullus, Pompey, Julius Caesar, and Mark Antony.
Mauritius scops owl
The Mauritius scops owl (Otus sauzieri) is an extinct species of scops owl that was endemic to the Mascarene island of Mauritius. It is known from a collection of subfossil bones from the Mare aux Songes swamp, a detailed sketch made by de Jossigny in 1770, a no less detailed description by Desjardins of a bird shot in 1836, and a number of brief reports about owls, the first being those of Van Westzanen in 1602 and Matelief in 1606. Other names for the species include Mauritius owl, Mauritius lizard owl, Commerson's owl, Sauzier's owl, or Newton's owl.

Scops owl
Scops owls are typical owls in family Strigidae belonging to the genus Otus and are restricted to the Old World. Otus is the largest genus of owls with 59  species. Scops owls are colored in various brownish hues, sometimes with a lighter underside and/or face, which helps to camouflage them against the bark of trees. Some are polymorphic, occurring in a greyish- and a reddish-brown morph. They are small and agile, with both sexes being compact in size and shape. Female scops owls are usually larger than males.

For most of the 20th century, this genus included the American screech owls, which are now again separated in Megascops based on a range of behavioral, biogeographical, morphological and DNA sequence data.
Georgia State Route 23
State Route 23 (SR 23) is a 240.0-mile-long (386.2 km) state highway that travels south-to-north through portions of Charlton, Brantley, Wayne, Long, Tattnall, Candler, Emanuel, Jenkins, and Burke counties in the southeastern and east-central parts of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects the Florida state line, south-southwest of Saint George with the southern part of the Augusta metropolitan area, via Folkston, Nahunta, Jesup, Ludowici, Glennville, Reidsville, Metter, Twin City, and Millen.

SR 23's original segment was from Statesboro to Millen. It was shifted westward and was incrementally extended in both directions to each of its current termini.

Long County, Georgia
Long County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. The county seat is Ludowici. Long County is part of the  Hinesville-Fort Stewart Metropolitan Statistical Area. The constitutional amendment to create the county was proposed August 14, 1920, and ratified November 2, 1920. The county is named after Crawford Long (1815–1878), an American surgeon and pharmacist who was the first to use diethyl ether as an anaesthetic.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,168.
Perry Courthouse Square Historic District
The Perry Courthouse Square Historic District in Perry, Oklahoma, derives its name from the presence of the Noble County Courthouse, built in 1915. It contains the majority of the commercial development of the original Perry townsite. The district contains 132 buildings, (including the First National Bank and Trust Company Building, the Noble County Courthouse, and the Wolleson-Nicewander Building, previously listed on the National Register of Historic Places), 92 contributing resources, and 37 noncontributing resources. Its period of significance is given as 1893 to 1953. The period begins with the Land Run of 1893.The District was added to the National Register of Historic Places under Criteria A and C on September 2, 2003. The NRIS reference number is 03000881.

Wolleson–Nicewander Building
The Wolleson–Nicewander Building, also known as the Triton Insurance Company Building, was built in 1900, and is within the Perry Courthouse Square Historic District in Perry, Oklahoma.  Its builder, T. E. Wollenson, was a sailor and merchant who had immigrated from Denmark, and settled in Perry. Wollenson bought a lot on the north side of what is now called Courthouse Square. He then built a two-story building, that soon housed the Nicewander Clothing store. Later occupants included a dry goods store, a tire and auto supply store, and an insurance company headquarters.
Ōtani Yoshitsugu
Ōtani Yoshitsugu (大谷 吉継; 1558 or 1565 – October 21, 1600) was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period through the Azuchi-Momoyama Period. He was also known by his court title Junior Assistant Minister of Justice or Gyōbu-shōyū (刑部少輔). He was born in 1558 to a father who was said to be a retainer of either Ōtomo Sōrin or Rokkaku Yoshikata. He became one of Toyotomi Hideyoshi's followers. He participated in the Toyotomi's Odawara campaign and Korean campaign.

Shima Sakon
Shima Kiyooki (島 清興; 9 June 1540 - 21 October 1600), also known as Shima Tomoyuki and Shima Katsutake, was a Japanese samurai of the late Sengoku period. His nickname was Shima Sakon (島 左近) (Shima Nearby on the Left). Sakon eventually left the service of the Hatakeyama clan, Tsutsui Junkei, Toyotomi Hidenaga and eventually joined and serve under Ishida Mitsunari.
Blackhawk Technical College
Blackhawk Technical College (commonly Blackhawk Tech) is a technical school in Rock County, Wisconsin and a component of the Wisconsin Technical College System. The main campus lies between the cities of Beloit and Janesville; there are also several other locations.

Blackhawk Technical College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools (NCA). The two primary counties in Wisconsin served by Blackhawk Technical College are Rock and Green Counties.

Janesville, Wisconsin
Janesville is a city in and the county seat of Rock County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 65,615 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 66,428 in 2024, making it the tenth-most populous city in Wisconsin. The Janesville–Beloit Metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Rock County, has an estimated 165,461 residents in the 2024 estimate. It is located along the Rock River in southern Wisconsin.
WinFIG
WinFIG is a proprietary shareware vector graphics editor application. The file format and rendering are as close to Xfig as possible, but the program takes advantage of Windows features like clipboard, printer preview, multiple documents etc.

As of 2011, WinFIG is under active development, with new features being added regularly.

Comparison of vector graphics editors
A number of vector graphics editors exist for various platforms. Potential users of these editors will make comparisons based on factors such as the availability for the user's platform, the software license, the feature set, the merits of the user interface (UI) and the focus of the program. Some programs are more suitable for artistic work while others are better for technical drawings. Another important factor is the application's support of various vector and bitmap image formats for import and export.

The tables in this article compare general and technical information for a number of vector graphics editors. See the article on each editor for further information. This article is neither all-inclusive nor necessarily up-to-date.
Iowa Highway 182
Iowa Highway 182 (Iowa 182) is a 9-mile-long (14 km) state highway in the northwestern corner of Iowa.  It begins at U.S. Highway 18 (US 18) in Inwood and ends at Iowa 9 southeast of Larchwood.  The highway has been in the primary highway system since 1930, when it was known as Iowa 26.  On January 1, 1969, Iowa 26 and Iowa 182 swapped designations.

Iowa Highway 26
Iowa Highway 26 (Iowa 26) is a 11-mile-long (18 km) state highway that runs from south to north in Allamakee County, Iowa.  It begins in Lansing at an intersection with Iowa Highway 9 at the Black Hawk Bridge and ends at the Minnesota border at New Albin.  It continues into Minnesota as Minnesota State Highway 26 (TH 26).  Iowa 26 was created in 1969 in a numbering swap with Iowa Highway 182.  The designation was changed to match TH 26.  The highway is the northernmost leg of the Great River Road in Iowa.  Most of the highway is designated the Driftless Area Scenic Byway.
John T. Schiller
John T. Schiller is an NIH Distinguished Investigator and the deputy chief and head of the neoplastic disease section, laboratory of cellular oncology at the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI). With Douglas R. Lowy, he made key contributions to papillomavirus virus molecular biology and the development of the HPV vaccine. Schiller was the recipient of the National Medal of Technology and Innovation in 2014 and the Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award in 2017.

Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award
Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award is one of four annual awards presented by the Lasker Foundation. The Lasker–DeBakey award is given to honor outstanding work for the understanding, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and cure of disease. This award was renamed in 2008 in honor of Michael E. DeBakey. It was previously known as the Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research.
Hendricks Chapel
Hendricks Chapel is a multi-faith religious, spiritual and cultural chapel located on the campus of Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York. It is located on the Shaw Quadrangle, and serves as the spiritual center of Syracuse University by hosting over ten chaplaincies. The Chapel was funded by a bequest from Francis Hendricks, a former Syracuse mayor, long-time trustee of the university, and the chapel's namesake, in honor of his wife, Eliza Jane Hendricks. The Octagonal, domed brick chapel is built in Georgian Colonial style and is characterized by classical portico supported by columns.

Hendricks Chapel was added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Comstock Tract buildings in 1980. The Chapel continues to be a notable center of spiritual and cultural diversity and serves as a place where people can gather for religious, social, cultural, and intellectual purposes, while maintaining its ambiance of sanctuary and its lack of specific religious symbols.

Crouse College
Crouse College, also known as Crouse Memorial College and historically as John Crouse Memorial College for Women, is a building on the Syracuse University campus. It was funded by John R. Crouse, a wealthy Syracuse merchant who was the principal donor along with the White family who were bankers and served as secondary donors. It was designed by Archimedes Russell and is in the Romanesque Revival—Richardsonian Romanesque style.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. It is also one of the historical Comstock Tract buildings on the Syracuse campus. It currently houses Syracuse University's College of Visual and Performing Arts. Chiefly, its classrooms and auditorium are at the service of the Setnor School of Music.
Jack Dalrymple
John Stewart Dalrymple III (born October 16, 1948) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 32nd governor of North Dakota from 2010 to 2016. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as the 36th lieutenant governor of North Dakota from 2000 to 2010 under Governor John Hoeven.

Dalrymple assumed the governorship following Hoeven's election to the United States Senate. Prior to his inauguration as North Dakota Lieutenant Governor, Dalrymple served in the North Dakota House of Representatives for the 22nd district for eight consecutive terms, from 1985 through 2000. He was a candidate for the U.S. Senate twice, in 1988 and 1992.

1992 United States Senate special election in North Dakota
The 1992 United States Senate special election in North Dakota was held on December 4, 1992, to fill the United States Senate seat vacated by the late Quentin Burdick. Burdick's widow, Jocelyn Burdick, was appointed as a temporary replacement until the election was held.

Democratic-NPL nominee Kent Conrad, who held North Dakota's other senate seat since 1986, had not run for re-election to his own seat, holding himself to a campaign promise pledging to reduce the federal deficit. However, as the seat was not technically Conrad's, he opted to run for the now open seat for a second term. Conrad won the election against state representative and future Governor of North Dakota Jack Dalrymple.
Lin Bai
Lin Bai, born Lin Baiwei  (Chinese: 林白; born in 1958), is a Chinese avant-garde writer and poet. Her best known works deal with female homoeroticism in post-Mao China and are also known for being very personal and autobiographical. Lin Bai is famously known for A War of One's Own and The Seat on the Veranda. The author won the Chinese Literature Media Award for her novel Records of Women Gossiping.

The Seat on the Verandah
The Seat on the Verandah (Simplified Chinese characters: 回廊之椅) is a short story by Chinese writer Lin Bai (Mandarin Chinese: 林白). The story was first published by Yunnan People's Publishing House (云南人民出版社) in 1995. Set during the Northern Expedition, the story focuses on the narrator's ambivalent feelings toward homoeroticism and female sexuality. It is a demonstration of Lin Bai's take on the Chinese heteronormative ideas that were prevalent during the post-Mao era. Through the themes of female sexuality, homoeroticism and homophobia, the story covers a period where views on same sex love were slowly changing; it is a critique of the historical erasure of female sexuality and same-sex love under the name of Communism.
Mildred E. Mathias Botanical Garden
The Mathias Botanical Garden is a 7-acre (2.8 ha) botanical garden with over 3,000 species of plants, located on the southeastern corner of the University of California, Los Angeles campus. It is named after Mildred Esther Mathias Hassler (1906–1995), a noted American botanist. The director is Victoria Sork. It is also the only free public botanical garden in the Greater Los Angeles area.

Mildred E. Mathias
Mildred Esther Mathias (September 19, 1906 – February 16, 1995) was an American botanist and professor.

She was a professor at UCLA from 1962 until 1974. She also served as president of the American Society for Plant Taxonomists and the Botanical Society of America.
Evgeny Ukhnalev
Evgeny Ilyich Ukhnalev (Russian: Евгений Ильич Ухналёв; 4 September 1931 – 3 September 2015) was a Russian contemporary artist and the honorary Russian state artist. He was a founding member of the Russian Guild of Heraldic Artists and the creator of many state symbols of modern Russia including its coat of arms. In 1997 he was awarded the People's Artist of Russia title.

Coat of arms of Russia
The coat of arms of Russia is one of the state symbols of the Russian Federation, along with the state flag and the national anthem. The current coat of arms was approved by Decree No. 2050 of the President of the Russian Federation dated on 30 November 1993. On 25 December 2000, President of Russia signed the Federal Constitutional Law No. 2 "On the State Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation" which had retained the 1993 version as the state symbol and approved the rules for its use.

It derives from the earlier coat of arms of the Russian Empire. Though modified more than once since the reign of Ivan III (1462–1505), the current coat of arms is directly derived from its medieval original, with the double-headed eagle having Byzantine and earlier antecedents. The general tincture corresponds to the fifteenth-century standard.
Galician Massif
The Galician Massif or Galician-Leonese Massif (Spanish: Macizo Galaico, also known as Macizo Galaico-Leonés) is a system of mountain ranges in the northwestern corner of the Iberian Peninsula. It is located in Galicia with its southeastern end reaching into the provinces of Zamora and León of Castile and León. Its highest point is Pena Trevinca at 2,127 metres (6,978 ft) . Another important peak is Cabeza de Manzaneda (1,781 m).

In traditional local folklore the forests of the Galician System are said to be inhabited by a variety of elves, fairies, ghosts, the Santa Compaña, the Nubeiro and witches (meigas).

Trevinca
Peña Trevinca (Galician: Pena Trevinca), also known as Trevinca, is a mountain in northern Spain. It is located at the confluence of the Montes de León and the Macizo Galaico on the boundary between the autonomous communities of Galicia and Castile and León.  It is the highest mountain in Galicia and in the province of Zamora.

The mountain has a 22,510 ha bird-life Special Protection Area.
Preševo
Preševo (Serbian Cyrillic: Прешево, pronounced [prêʃeʋə]; Albanian: Preshevë, Albanian pronunciation: [preʃevə]) is a town and municipality located in the Pčinja District of southern Serbia. As of the 2022 census, the municipality has a population of 33,449 inhabitants. It is the southernmost town in Central Serbia and largest in the geographical region of Preševo Valley.

Preševo is the cultural center of Albanians in Serbia. Albanians form the ethnic majority of the municipality, followed by Serbs, Roma and other ethnic groups.

Preševo Valley
The Preševo Valley (Serbian: Прешевска долина, romanized: Preševska dolina; Albanian: Lugina e Preshevës) is a geopolitical region in southern Serbia, along the border with Kosovo. The valley geographically includes municipalities of Bujanovac and Preševo, and politically also Medveđa. It is home to most of the Albanian community in Serbia, who comprise most of the population with the rest being Serbs and Romani.