hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Denga
A denga (Russian: деньга, pl. деньги, dengi) was a Russian monetary unit with a value latterly equal to 1⁄2 kopeck (100 kopecks = 1 Russian ruble). The denga was introduced in the second half of the 14th century during the reign of Dmitry Donskoy.

Kopeck
The kopeck, also spelled kopek, is a coin or unit of currency used in Russia and several other countries. It is usually the smallest denomination within a currency system and is equal to 1⁄100 ruble.

The kopeck was introduced in 1535 as a result of the monetary reform of Elena Glinskaya, regent of Russia. It was historically used in the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, the Russian SFSR, and the Soviet Union.

As of 2026, it is the currency unit of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine. The Russian kopeck is also used in the two breakaway states of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Transnistria, another breakaway state, has its own kopeck. In the past, several other countries had currency units that were also named kopecks as a result of Russian influence.
Thessaly Railways
Thessaly Railways (Greek: Σιδηρόδρομοι Θεσσαλίας) was a private railway company in Greece, which owned and operated the metre gauge railway network of Thessaly and Pelion railway from 1884 to 1955, when the private company was absorbed by the Hellenic State Railways state-owned company. Today the term usually refers to the section of mainline between Domokos and Rapsani and its two branches, the West Thessaly branch to Kalambaka and the Volos branch.

Hellenic State Railways
Hellenic State Railways or SEK (Greek: Σιδηρόδρομοι Ελληνικού Κράτους, Sidirodromi Ellinikou Kratous; Σ.Ε.Κ.) was a Greek public sector entity (legal person of public law, Greek: Ν.Π.Δ.Δ.) which was established on 18 March 1920 by the law 2144/20 and operated most Greek railway lines until 1970.
The Scorpion King: Sword of Osiris
The Scorpion King: Sword of Osiris is a platform game developed by WayForward Technologies and published by Universal Interactive for the Game Boy Advance in 2002. It is based on the film The Scorpion King, serving as a sequel to it.

The Scorpion King
The Scorpion King is a 2002 action adventure film directed by Chuck Russell. The film stars Dwayne Johnson (credited as The Rock) as the lead, with Steven Brand, Kelly Hu, Grant Heslov, and Michael Clarke Duncan in supporting roles. It is both a prequel and spin-off of The Mummy franchise and launched The Scorpion King film series. The film was Johnson's first lead role.

The events of The Scorpion King take place 5,001 years before the events of The Mummy and The Mummy Returns, revealing the origins of Mathayus and his rise to power as the Scorpion King. This name is a reference to a historical king of the Protodynastic Period of Egypt, King Scorpion. The film was released on April 19, 2002 by Universal Pictures. The film received mixed reviews and grossed $178.8 million worldwide against a production budget of $60 million.
Baddeck River
The Baddeck River is a minor river on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. It empties into the Bras d'Or Lake several kilometres west of the village of Baddeck.

The Baddeck River flows south from the Cape Breton Highlands. It offers excellent trout fishing and bird watching. The Uisge Ban Falls are a popular feature of the river.

Bras d'Or Lake
Bras d'Or Lake (Mi'kmawi'simk: Pitupaq) is an irregular estuary in the centre of Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia, Canada. It has a connection to the open sea, and is tidal. It also has inflows of fresh water from rivers, making the brackish water a very productive natural habitat. It was designated the Bras d'Or Lake Biosphere Reserve (now Bras d'Or Lake Biosphere Region) by UNESCO in 2011.
Pancho Barnes
Florence Lowe "Pancho" Barnes (July 22, 1901 – March 30, 1975) was a pioneer aviator and a founder of the first movie stunt pilots' union. In 1930, she broke Amelia Earhart's air speed record. Barnes raced in the Women's Air Derby and was a member of the Ninety-Nines. In later years, she was known as the owner of the Happy Bottom Riding Club, a bar and restaurant in the Mojave Desert, Southern California, catering to the legendary test pilots and aviators who worked nearby.

Happy Bottom Riding Club
The Happy Bottom Riding Club (1935–1953), was a dude ranch, restaurant, and hotel operated by aviator Florence "Pancho" Barnes near Edwards Air Force Base in the Antelope Valley of California's Mojave Desert.  Barnes and her club were featured in Tom Wolfe's 1979 book, The Right Stuff, and its 1983 film adaptation.

Also known as the Rancho Oro Verde Fly-Inn Dude Ranch, the establishment was a favored hangout of test pilots and the Hollywood elite during the 1940s, boasting over 9,000 members worldwide at the height of its popularity. When the United States Air Force intended to buy the club via eminent domain in order to extend their runways, a long and contentious series of lawsuits ensued. Barnes eventually won the lawsuits, but after the club was destroyed by fire in the 1950s, her plans to re-open in a nearby location never came to fruition.
Earl of Oxford
Earl of Oxford is a dormant title in the Peerage of England, first created for Aubrey de Vere by the Empress Matilda in 1141. His family was to hold the title for more than five and a half centuries, until the death of the 20th Earl in 1703. The de Veres were also hereditary holders of the office of Lord Great Chamberlain of England from 1133 until the death of the 18th Earl in 1625. Their primary seat was Hedingham Castle in Essex, but they held lands in southern England and the Midlands, particularly in eastern England. The actual earldom was called "Oxenford" until at least the end of the 17th century. Medieval sources thus refer to "my lord of Oxenford" when speaking of the earl.

Robert de Vere, 9th Earl of Oxford
Robert de Vere, 9th Earl of Oxford, KG (16 January 1362 – 22 November 1392) was a favourite and court companion of King Richard II of England. He was the ninth Earl of Oxford and the first Duke of Ireland and the only Marquess of Dublin. He was also the first person to be created a Marquess.
Bryan Milman
Lieutenant-General Sir George Bryan Milman KCB (30 December 1822 – 28 January 1915) was a British Army officer who served as colonel of the Northumberland Fusiliers. His daughter was the writer Lena Milman.

Royal Northumberland Fusiliers
The Royal Northumberland Fusiliers was an infantry regiment of the British Army. Raised in 1674 as one of three 'English' units in the Dutch Anglo-Scots Brigade, it accompanied William III to England in the November 1688 Glorious Revolution and became part of the English establishment in 1689.

In 1751, it became the 5th Regiment of Foot, with the regional title 'Northumberland' added in 1782; in 1836,  it was designated a Fusilier unit and became the 5th (Northumberland Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot.

After the 1881 Childers Reforms, it adopted the title Northumberland Fusiliers, then Royal Northumberland Fusiliers on 3 June 1935. In 1968, it was amalgamated with the Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment), the Royal Warwickshire Fusiliers and Lancashire Fusiliers to form the present Royal Regiment of Fusiliers.
62M Condominium
62M is a 41-unit condominium building in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, built by 5468796 Architecture.

Named after its street address, 62 MacDonald Avenue, the three-storey, circular structure sits on 12-metre (39 ft) high concrete columns and hovers next to the Disraeli Freeway at the edge of downtown Winnipeg and the Red River.

Completed in 2018, the building has 40 identical trapezoid units and a glass penthouse on top of the structural core, each unit starts at approximately 3 m (10 ft) wide around the entrance (located adjacent to the structural core) and 6 m (20 ft) towards the exterior, featuring 6-meter-tall windows.

Due to the building's circular shape that rise over the city skyline, the development has been unofficially nicknamed the "UFO" and the "flying saucer" by locals.

5468796 Architecture
5468796 Architecture is a Winnipeg-based architecture firm founded in 2007.

Beginning as a professional partnership between architects Sasa Radulovic, Johanna Hurme, and Colin Neufeld, the practice promotes a collaborative approach amongst its 20+ members, leading a new wave of contemporary architecture in Winnipeg.

The practice name incorporates its company registration number.
Gran Turismo 6
Gran Turismo 6 is a 2013 racing simulation video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3. It is the sixth main installment and the eleventh overall in the Gran Turismo series. The game was released worldwide on December 6, 2013. Gran Turismo 6 received a positive reception and was a financial success. New features included the addition of more cars and tracks, improvements to the car customization options, and partnerships with the Goodwood Festival of Speed, the Ayrton Senna Institute, the FIA, and NASCAR. Gran Turismo 6 is the first game to feature officially FIA-certified content.

Goodwood Festival of Speed
The Goodwood Festival of Speed is an annual motorsports festival featuring modern and historic motor racing vehicles taking part in a hillclimb and other events, held in Goodwood House, West Sussex, in late June or early July. The event is scheduled to avoid clashing with the Formula One season, enabling fans to see F1 machines as well as cars and motorbikes from motor racing history.

In the early years of the Festival, which started in 1993, tens of thousands attended over the weekend. As of 2014, it attracted crowds of around 100,000 on each of the three days it was held. A record crowd of 158,000 attended in 2003, before an advance-ticket-only admission policy came into force; attendance was subsequently capped at 150,000.
Reading West and Mid Berkshire
Reading West and Mid Berkshire is a constituency in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. It was formed as a result of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies and primarily replaced the former Reading West constituency, also subsuming parts of the Newbury and Wokingham constituencies. It was first contested at the 2024 general election. Since 2024 it has been represented by Olivia Bailey of the Labour Party.

Some 30% of the constituency's voters live in the Borough of Reading, with the remainder living in the West Berkshire local government area.

Reading West (UK Parliament constituency)
Reading West was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.

Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished. Its area was transferred to the new constituencies of Earley and Woodley (Whitley ward), Reading Central (Battle, Minster and Southcote wards), and Reading West and Mid Berkshire (all other wards). These constituencies were first contested at the 2024 general election.
SAFARI-1
SAFARI-1 is a 20 MW light water-cooled, beryllium reflected, pool-type research reactor, initially used for high level nuclear physics research programmes and was commissioned in 1965.

The reactor is owned and operated by South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (NECSA) at their facility in Pelindaba, South Africa.

The reactor is a tank in pool type reactor and is designed to run on enriched uranium.  Currently the fuel in use is the remains of the decommissioned South African nuclear weapons.

South African Nuclear Energy Corporation
The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa) was established as a public company by the Republic of South Africa Nuclear Energy Act in 1999 (1999) and is wholly owned by the State.

The name is correctly indicated above, although the sequence of letters in the acronym may be taken as suggesting that the name should be the "Nuclear Energy Corporation of South Africa".
E. J. Woods
Edward John Woods F.R.I.B.A. (1839 – 5 January 1916) was a prominent architect in the early days of the colony of South Australia. He is known for being a co-founder of the large international architectural practice of Woods Bagot, and for designing a number of prominent civic buildings in Adelaide, including Parliament House, the General Post Office, and what is now the Mortlock Chamber in the State Library of South Australia. He was also responsible for much of the design detail of St Peter's Cathedral, based on original plans by English architect William Butterfield.

St Peter's Cathedral, Adelaide
St Peter's Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral in the South Australian capital of Adelaide. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Adelaide and Metropolitan of the Province of South Australia.: 48  The cathedral, a significant Adelaide landmark, is situated on approximately 1 acre (0.40 ha) of land at the corner of Pennington Terrace and King William Road in the suburb of North Adelaide.

The south front has similar features to the Cathedral of Notre Dame and the Church of St Jean-Baptiste de Belleville in Paris, including an ornate rose window above the main entrance which depicts stories of South Australia and the Bible.
Penrhyn Quarry Railway
The Penrhyn Quarry Railway was a narrow-gauge railway in Caernarfonshire (now Gwynedd), Wales. It served the Penrhyn quarry near Bethesda, taking their slate produce to Port Penrhyn, near Bangor. The railway was around six miles (9.7 km) long and used a gauge of 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in (578 mm).

The railway opened in June 1801 and was one of the earliest overground narrow gauge railways in the world. It closed on 24 July 1962, the track being lifted in 1965 and sold to the Ffestiniog Railway.

In 2012, a section of the railway was restored at Felin Fawr and regular services were run beginning in February 2017. In July 2017, the railway closed just ahead of the fifth anniversary of operations.

Port Penrhyn
Port Penrhyn (Welsh: Porth Penrhyn) is a harbour located just east of Bangor in north Wales at the confluence of the River Cegin with the Menai Strait. It was formerly of great importance as the main port for the export of slate from the Penrhyn Quarry, the largest slate quarry in the world at the end of the nineteenth century. The quarry and the port were connected by the Penrhyn Quarry Railway.

It was built, and later expanded, by the Pennant (later Douglas-Pennant) family of the nearby Penrhyn Castle.

Penrhyn is the Welsh word for 'promontory'.

The port is used by coastal vessels up to about 3,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT) and by fishing vessels.
The Way West
The Way West is a 1949 western novel by A. B. Guthrie, Jr. The book won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1950 and became the basis for a film starring Kirk Douglas, Robert Mitchum, and Richard Widmark.

The novel is one in the sequence of six by A. B. Guthrie, Jr. dealing with the Oregon Trail and the development of Montana from 1830, the time of the mountain men, to "the cattle empire of the 1880s to the near present".  The publication sequence started with The Big Sky, followed by The Way West, These Thousand Hills, Arfive (1971), The Last Valley (1975), and Fair Land, Fair Land.

The first three books of the six in chronological story sequence (but not in the sequence of publishing) — The Big Sky, The Way West, and Fair Land, Fair Land — are in themselves a complete trilogy, starting in 1830 with Boone Caudill leaving Kentucky to become a mountain man and ending with the death of Caudill and later the death of Dick Summers in the 1870s.

A. B. Guthrie Jr.
Alfred Bertram "Bud" Guthrie Jr. (January 13, 1901 – April 26, 1991) was an American novelist, screenwriter, historian, and literary historian known for writing western stories. His novel The Way West won the 1950 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, and his screenplay for Shane (1953) was nominated for an Academy Award.
Jo Jung-suk
Jo Jung-suk (Korean: 조정석; born December 26, 1980) is a South Korean actor. He began his career in theater, starring in Spring Awakening, Hedwig and the Angry Inch, Grease and stage adaptation of The Harmonium in My Memory, among many other musicals and plays.

After nearly a decade on the stage, Jo made his film debut as a comedic supporting actor in the box office hit Architecture 101 (2012), which became his breakout role. He continued to star in the television series The King 2 Hearts (2012), Oh My Ghost (2015), Don't Dare to Dream (2016), Hospital Playlist (2020–2021), as well as films The Face Reader (2013), My Annoying Brother (2016), Exit (2019), and My Daughter Is a Zombie (2025). For his role in the film Pilot (2024), he won the Baeksang Arts Award for Best Actor.

Hospital Playlist
Hospital Playlist (Korean: 슬기로운 의사생활) is a South Korean television series written by Lee Woo-jung and directed by Shin Won-ho. It is the second installment of the Wise Life series, following Prison Playbook (2017–18). It stars Jo Jung-suk, Yoo Yeon-seok, Jung Kyung-ho, Kim Dae-myung, and Jeon Mi-do.

The first season aired on tvN every Thursday from March 12 to May 28, 2020. Each episode was released on Netflix in South Korea, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and English-speaking countries after their television broadcast. By the conclusion of the first season, the series became the ninth highest-rated Korean drama in cable television history at the time.

The second season aired between June 17 and September 16, 2021. According to Nielsen Korea, the first episode recorded 10.007% viewership, setting the record for the highest premiere ratings in the network's history.
Folke Bernadotte
Folke Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg (Swedish: [fɔ̂l.kɛ̂ bæɳaˈdɔtː];  2 January 1895 – 17 September 1948) was a Swedish nobleman and diplomat. In World War II, he negotiated the release of about 450 Danish Jews and 30,550 non-Jewish prisoners of many nations from the Nazi German Theresienstadt concentration camp. They were released on 14 April 1945. In 1945 he received a German surrender offer from Heinrich Himmler, though the offer was ultimately rejected by the allies.

After the war, Bernadotte was unanimously chosen to be the United Nations Security Council mediator in the Arab–Israeli conflict of 1947–1948. He was assassinated in Jerusalem in 1948 by the paramilitary Zionist group Lehi while pursuing his official duties. Upon his death, Ralph Bunche took up his work at the UN, successfully mediating the 1949 Armistice Agreements between Israel and Egypt.

Oscar Bernadotte
Prince Oscar Carl August Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg (15 November 1859 – 4 October 1953) was a Swedish religious activist, the second son of King Oscar II of Sweden and his consort, Sofia of Nassau. Born as a Prince of Sweden and Norway, he was known as Prince Oscar, Duke of Gotland. However, by marrying contrary to Swedish constitutional requirements, he lost those titles, becoming instead Luxembourgish nobility as Prince Bernadotte and Count of Wisborg.
Lee Schofield
Lee Schofield is a British naturalist and nature writer. He wrote Wild Fell: Fighting for Nature on a Lake District Hill Farm, which describes his work as site manager for the RSPB at Haweswater in the Lake District National Park.

Haweswater Reservoir
Haweswater is a reservoir in the valley of Mardale, Cumbria in the Lake District, England. The man-made reservoir, which was created by damming the original natural lake, was completed by 1935. It raised the water level in the valley by 29 m (95 ft).

The valley was dammed by Manchester Corporation, after it had obtained permission from the UK Parliament through the passing of the Manchester Corporation Act 1919 (9 & 10 Geo. 5. c. cxix). The local act of Parliament was for the supply of drinking water to Manchester. However, the decision caused public outcry because the farming villages of Measand and Mardale Green would be lost when Mardale was flooded.

Construction work on the dam began in 1929. Haweswater was completely flooded by 1935. The reservoir is now owned and managed by United Utilities. It supplies about 25% of North West England's water supply.
Santuario della Madonna del Divino Amore
Santuario della Madonna del Divino Amore, or the Shrine of Our Lady of Divine Love, is a Roman Catholic shrine in the southern outskirts of Rome dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary that consists of two churches: an old church built in 1745 and a new church added to the sanctuary in 1999. The church was included by Pope John Paul II in the pilgrimage of Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome during the Holy Year 2000.

Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome
As the home of the Pope and the Catholic Curia, as well as the locus of many sites and relics of veneration related to apostles, saints and Christian martyrs, Rome had long been a destination for pilgrims. The Via Francigena was an ancient pilgrim route from England to Rome. It was customary to end the pilgrimage with a visit to the tombs of Saints Peter and Paul. Periodically, some were moved to travel to Rome for the spiritual benefits accrued during a Jubilee. These indulgences sometimes required a visit to a specific church or churches. Pilgrims need not visit each church.
X-linked thrombocytopenia
X-linked thrombocytopenia, also referred to as XLT or thrombocytopenia 1, is an inherited clotting disorder that primarily affects males. It is a WAS-related disorder, meaning it is caused by a mutation in the Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome (WAS) gene, which is located on the short arm of the X chromosome. WAS-related disorders include Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome, XLT, and X-linked congenital neutropenia (XLN). Of the WAS-related disorders, X-linked thrombocytopenia is considered to be the milder phenotype. Between 1 and 10 per million males worldwide are affected with this disorder. Females may be affected with this disorder but this is very rare since females have two X chromosomes and are therefore typically carriers of the mutation.

Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein
The Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp), or Actin nucleation-promoting factor WAS  is a 502-amino acid protein expressed in cells of the hematopoietic system that in humans is encoded by the WAS gene.  In the inactive state, WASp exists in an autoinhibited conformation with sequences near its C-terminus binding to a region near its N-terminus.  Its activation is dependent upon CDC42 and PIP2 acting to disrupt this interaction, causing the WASp protein to 'open'.  This exposes a domain near the WASp C-terminus that binds to and activates the Arp2/3 complex.  Activated Arp2/3 nucleates new F-actin.

WASp is the founding member of a gene family which also includes the broadly expressed N-WASP (neuronal Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein), SCAR/WAVE1, WASH, WHAMM, and JMY. WAML (WASP and MIM like), WAWH (WASP without WH1 domain), and WHIMP (WAVE Homology in Membrane Protrusions) have more recently been discovered.
Krystal Ball
Krystal Marie Ball (born November 24, 1981) is an American political commentator and media host. She was previously a political candidate, as well as co-host on the MSNBC show The Cycle, a regular contributor to The Huffington Post, and a co-host of The Hill's Rising along with Saagar Enjeti. In May 2021, Ball and Enjeti announced that they were leaving the show in order to launch their own independent project titled Breaking Points with Krystal and Saagar. Ball is a co-host with her husband Kyle Kulinski on the podcast Krystal Kyle & Friends.

Ball was the Democratic Party nominee for Congress in Virginia's 1st congressional district in the 2010 election, losing to Republican incumbent Rob Wittman.  In May 2017, she created the People's House Project, a political action committee working on behalf of Democratic causes.

Saagar Enjeti
Saagar Enjeti (born April 21, 1992) is an American journalist and political podcast host currently co-hosting the American political news and opinion series Breaking Points alongside Krystal Ball. He previously hosted The Realignment with Marshall Kosloff.