hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samson Abioye
Samson Abioye Listenⓘ(25 March 1991 – 28 July 2017) was a Nigerian computer programmer and internet entrepreneur. In 2013, he co-founded pass.ng, a self-testing online platform which helps students practice for national examinations, while studying at Ladoke Akintola University as an undergraduate. Until his death, he operated as pass.ng's CEO. The platform was one of the largest e-testing platforms, designed to help students prepare for important examinations such as WASSCE, GCE, UTME, Common Entrance and aptitude tests.

Ladoke Akintola University of Technology
Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) is a public research institution located in Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. The university enrolls over 30,000 students and employs more than 3,000 workers including contract staff.
Purwanchal Campus
Purwanchal Campus (Nepali: पूर्वाञ्चल क्याम्पस) previously known as Eastern Regional Campus (ERC) is one of the five constituent engineering campuses under Institute of Engineering of Tribhuvan University. Purwanchal Campus is the only constituent campus of IOE, which offers agriculture engineering in context of Nepal and only campus under TU to have this program at bachelor level and master level.

Located in Dharan, a major city of Koshi Province the campus was established in 1976 A.D. to develop middle level manpower in the field in different fields engineering which upgraded its programs to bachelor and master level along the course of time.

Institute of Engineering
The Institute of Engineering (IOE) (Nepali: ईन्जिनियरिङ अध्ययन संस्थान), established in 1930, is one of the five technical institutes under Tribhuvan University, Nepal's largest academic institution. The current dean of the IOE is Shashidhar Ram Joshi.

IOE runs undergraduate, postgraduate and Ph.D. programs. It previously ran Diploma courses till 2012. The institute has five constituent and ten affiliated campuses in the country. Its constituent campus  are namely Pulchowk Campus, Thapathali Campus, Paschimanchal Campus, Purbanchal Campus and Chitwan Engineering Campus.
Antoine Predock
Antoine Samuel Predock (/ˈpriːdɒk/ PREE-dok; June 24, 1936 – March 2, 2024) was an American architect based in Albuquerque, New Mexico. He was the principal of Antoine Predock Architect PC, the studio he founded in 1967.

Predock first gained national attention with the La Luz community in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The first national design competition he won was held by the Nelson Fine Arts Center at Arizona State University. Predock's work includes the Turtle Creek House, built in 1993 for bird enthusiasts along a prehistoric trail in Texas, the Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery at Skidmore College, and a new ballpark for the San Diego Padres, Petco Park. He also worked on international sites such as the National Palace Museum Southern Branch in Southern Taiwan and the Canadian Museum for Human Rights in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Predock said his design was highly influenced by his connection to New Mexico.

Canadian Museum for Human Rights
The Canadian Museum for Human Rights (CMHR; French: Musée canadien pour les droits de la personne) is a Canadian Crown corporation and national museum located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, adjacent to The Forks. The purpose of the museum is to "explore the subject of human rights with a special but not exclusive reference to Canada, to enhance the public's understanding of human rights, to promote respect for others and to encourage reflection and dialogue."

Established in 2008 through the enactment of Bill C-42, an amendment of The Museums Act of Canada, the CMHR is the first new national museum created in Canada since 1967, and it is Canada's first national museum ever to be located outside the National Capital Region. The Museum held its opening ceremonies on 19 September 2014.

The Friends of the Canadian Museum for Human Rights is the charitable organization responsible for attracting and maintaining all forms of philanthropic contributions to the Museum.
Mohamed Abdi Hashi
Mohamed Abdi Hashi (Somali: Maxamed Cabdi Xaashi, Arabic: محمد عبدي هاشي; died 12 July 2020) was the first Vice President of Puntland during Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed presidency from 1 August 1998 to 10 October 2004. Later was the acting President of Puntland from 10 October 2004 until 8 January 2005.

Hashi was the chairman of USP during the 1990s. He hails from the Qayaad subclan of the larger clan Dhulbahante.

He died COVID-19 in the Kenyan capital of Nairobi on 12 July 2020. On 15 July he was buried in Garowe.

Dhulbahante
The Dhulbahante, (Somali: Dhulbahante, Arabic: الدلبهانتة) are a Somali sub-clan, part of the Harti branch of the larger Darod clan. They primary reside in and around their traditional territories of Nugaal, as well as Doollo. The clan's progenitor is buried at Badweyn.
2011 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern state election
The 2011 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern state election was held on 4 September 2011 to elect the members of the 6th Landtag of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The incumbent grand coalition of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and Christian Democratic Union (CDU) led by Minister-President Erwin Sellering retained its majority and continued in government.

Landtag of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
The Landtag of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is the people's representative body or the state parliament of the German federal state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.

The Landtag convenes in Schwerin and currently consists of 79 members of six parties. The current majority is a red-red coalition of the Social Democratic Party and The Left, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Manuela Schwesig. The main functions of the Landtag are the election of the Minister-President and the passage of laws controlling the state government.
Therese Terlaje
Therese M. Terlaje (born 1964) is a Guamanian politician and attorney. A member of the Democratic Party, Terlaje has served as a member of the Legislature of Guam since 2017, and as Speaker of the Guam Legislature in 2021.

An attorney by profession, Terlaje was first elected in 2016 to serve in the 34th Guam Legislature, where she was elected Vice Speaker of the Guam Legislature. She has been reelected in every election since, having served in the 35th (2019–2021), 36th (2021–2023), and 37th (2023–present) sessions of the legislature.

34th Guam Legislature
The 34th Guam Legislature was the meeting of the Guam Legislature that convened in Hagatna on January 2, 2017 and ended on January 7, 2019. It succeeded the 33rd Guam Legislature and was succeeded by the 35th Guam Legislature.

Its composition was determined in the 2016 Guamanian legislative election, where the Democratic Party of Guam won a majority of seats in the Guam Legislature. The session took place during the third and fourth years of Republican Governor Eddie Calvo's second term in office.
Jacob Nix
Jacob James Nix (born January 9, 1996) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Lake Country DockHounds of the American Association of Professional Baseball. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres and in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Orix Buffaloes.

Nix was picked by the Houston Astros in the fifth round of the 2014 MLB draft out of Los Alamitos High School. They agreed on an above slot signing bonus, which the Astros were unable to pay when first round pick Brady Aiken refused to sign, which lowered their bonus pool. He went unsigned himself, and attended the IMG Academy, and was then drafted by the Padres in the third round of the 2015 MLB draft.

Los Alamitos High School
Los Alamitos High School (also known as Los Al) is a public school for grades 9 to 12 located in Los Alamitos, California, and also serving the city of Seal Beach and the community of Rossmoor. It is the only high school in the Los Alamitos Unified School District. Both Oak Middle School and McAuliffe Middle School feed into Los Alamitos High.
Line 1 (Changzhou Metro)
Line 1 of Changzhou Metro (Chinese: 常州地铁1号线; pinyin: Chángzhōu Dìtiě Yī Hào Xiàn) is a rapid transit line in Changzhou. It connects the two railway stations Changzhou and Changzhou North.

Construction for Line 1 began on 28 October 2014. The first phase runs from Forest Park (森林公园) in the north to Nanxiashu (南夏墅) in the south. Line 1 opened on 21 September 2019.

Changzhou railway station
Changzhou railway station (Chinese: 常州站; pinyin: Chángzhōu zhàn) is a railway station on the Jinghu railway and Shanghai-Nanjing Intercity Railway. The station is located in Changzhou, Jiangsu, China. Roughly 350 trains stop there daily. The station is connected to Line 1 of the Changzhou Metro.
Gamma Sigma
Gamma Sigma Fraternity International (ΓΣ), was the first international secondary or high school fraternity. Initially founded as a literary society in 1869 at the Brockport State Normal School in Brockport, New York, it had chapters at normal school and high schools in the United States and Canada. The fraternity no longer has active chapters at the secondary school level; however, it has an active alumni association based in Canada.

SUNY Brockport
State University of New York at Brockport (also known as SUNY Brockport or Brockport State, and previously The College at Brockport) is a public university in Brockport, New York, United States. It is part of the State University of New York (SUNY).
BIG6 European Football League
The BIG6 European Football League (BIG6) was a European Cup style tournament for European American football teams. Originally organized by the EFAF (European Federation of American Football), the tournament had been run by the German Football League International since 2015. The final game of the BIG6 was called the EFL Bowl from 2014-2018. Previously the final game of the European Football League was called the Eurobowl and had been held annually since 1986 to 2014.

Eurobowl
The Eurobowl, first played in 1986, was the championship final game of a tournament style playoff to determine the champion of all of the American football leagues in Europe. The tournament featured the top or champion clubs from each country's top league that was called the European Football League (EFL). The first Eurobowl final was played in 1986 in Amsterdam.

After 2014, it was known as the BIG6 European Football League (BIG6). Before 2014, the Eurobowl was the final championship game of the European Football League.

The last BIG6 was played in 2018. The last Eurobowl was played on 8 June 2019 without any playoff league competition prior to the game. The Potsdam Royals beat the Amsterdam Crusaders 62–12.

With six titles, the New Yorker Lions from Braunschweig are the leading team in Eurobowl wins. The Vienna Vikings have the most appearances at 10, and winning five Eurobowl championship finals.
Masalit genocide
The Masalit genocide is a series of ongoing persecutions and mass killings of the Masalit people in West Darfur carried out by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and its allies as part of the Darfur genocide. The genocide has been recognized by Genocide Watch, the government of the United States, American academic Eric Reeves, Governor of West Darfur Khamis Abakar, and The Economist.

The genocide started in 2023 when the RSF began committing organized massacres of Masalit civilians in Darfur days after the beginning of the Sudanese civil war. It has encompassed the Ardamata massacre, Misterei massacre, and Battle of Geneina, all of which targeted Masalit civilians in the area of Geneina in West Darfur, as well as the El Fasher massacre, which is targeting the Zaghawa people in North Darfur.

Darfur genocide (2003–2005)
The Darfur genocide was the systematic killing of ethnic Darfuri people during the War in Darfur. The genocide, which was carried out against the Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa ethnic groups, led the International Criminal Court (ICC) to indict several people for crimes against humanity, rape, forced transfer and torture. An estimated 200,000 people were killed between 2003 and 2005. Other sources estimate that between 2003 and 2008, the conflict resulted in about 300,000 civilian deaths and about 2.7 million displaced civilians.
Poems on Various Subjects
Poems on Various Subjects (1796) was the first collection by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, including also a few sonnets by Charles Lamb.  A second edition in 1797 added many more poems by Lamb and by Charles Lloyd, and a third edition appeared in 1803 with Coleridge's works only.  All three editions included poems in Coleridge's early Miltonic style, such as his Religious Musings and Monody on the Death of Chatterton, alongside lyrics and some of his first conversation poems, such as The Eolian Harp, in a style suggested by the works of William Cowper.  The book was on the whole well received by reviewers; modern critics value it more for its shorter and lighter poems than for its formal set-pieces.

Monody on the Death of Chatterton
"Monody on the Death of Chatterton" was composed by Samuel Taylor Coleridge in 1790 and was rewritten throughout his lifetime. The poem deals with the idea of Thomas Chatterton, a poet who committed suicide, as representing the poetic struggle.
Darrell Dexter
Darrell Elvin Dexter (born 1957) is a Canadian lawyer, journalist and former naval officer who served as the 27th premier of Nova Scotia from 2009 to 2013.  A member of the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party, he served as party leader from 2001 to 2013. He became Premier in 2009 after his party defeated the governing Progressive Conservative Party, leading the first NDP government in Atlantic Canada and the second east of Manitoba.  His government was defeated in the 2013 election, becoming the first Nova Scotia government in 131 years to be denied a second mandate; Dexter himself was defeated in his constituency by 21 votes. Dexter now serves as a lobbyist for the cannabis industry.

2013 Nova Scotia general election
The 2013 Nova Scotia general election was held on October 8, 2013, to elect members to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.

The result of the election was a Liberal victory under the leadership of Stephen McNeil, with the party winning its first election since 1998. The Progressive Conservatives, under the leadership of Jamie Baillie, improved on their 2009 results and formed the Official Opposition, despite winning fewer votes than the New Democratic Party (NDP). The NDP, which had won power for the first time in 2009 under the leadership of Darrell Dexter was reduced to third place and became only the second one-term government in the province's history, and the first since 1882. Dexter himself was defeated in Cole Harbour-Portland Valley by Liberal candidate Tony Ince.
Bobby Witt Jr.
Robert Andrew Witt Jr. (born June 14, 2000) is an American professional baseball shortstop for the Kansas City Royals of Major League Baseball (MLB). The Royals selected him second overall in the 2019 MLB draft and he made his MLB debut in 2022. In 2024, Witt was named to his first All-Star Game and won his first Gold Glove Award and Silver Slugger Award. He repeated those honors in 2025 and additionally won the American League Platinum Glove Award. Internationally, Witt represents the United States.

Witt is the first shortstop in MLB history to have achieved two 30–30 seasons (30 home runs and 30 stolen bases), having done so in 2023 and 2024; Francisco Lindor has since matched this feat, with 30–30 seasons in 2023 and 2025. Witt is also the first player in MLB history to hit 20 home runs and steal 30 bases in each of their first four seasons.

Julio Rodríguez
Julio Yamel Rodríguez (born December 29, 2000), nicknamed "J-Rod", is a Dominican professional baseball center fielder for the Seattle Mariners of Major League Baseball (MLB). He signed with the Mariners as an international free agent in 2017. In his rookie season in 2022, he was named an All-Star along with winning the Silver Slugger Award and American League Rookie of the Year Award. Rodríguez has been selected to three All-Star Games, won two Silver Sluggers, and made the All-MLB Second Team in 2022 and All-MLB Team in 2025.
Daemons of the Shadow Realm
Daemons of the Shadow Realm (Japanese: 黄泉のツガイ, Hepburn: Yomi no Tsugai; lit. 'The Hinge of the Underworld') is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hiromu Arakawa. It has been serialized in Square Enix's shōnen manga anthology magazine Monthly Shōnen Gangan since December 2021. An anime television series adaptation produced by Bones Film is set to premiere in April 2026.

Hiromu Arakawa
Hiromu Arakawa (荒川 弘, Arakawa Hiromu; born May 8, 1973) is a Japanese manga artist. She is best known for the manga series Fullmetal Alchemist (2001–2010), which became a hit both domestically and internationally, and was adapted into two anime television series. She is also known for Silver Spoon (2011–2019) and the manga adaptation of The Heroic Legend of Arslan novels.
VLF Force 1
The VLF Force 1 is an American sports car produced by VLF Automotive. Based on the Dodge Viper (VX I), the Force 1 was designed by automobile designer Henrik Fisker. VLF Automotive also partnered with American racing driver and Viper enthusiast Ben Keating during the development of the Force 1, leveraging his experience with the engine. The Force 1 V10 was first unveiled at the 2016 Detroit Auto Show, with the production of the first run of 50 vehicles planned to begin in April 2016.

Henrik Fisker
Henrik Fisker (born 10 August 1963) is a Danish automotive designer and entrepreneur based in Los Angeles, California, US. He is best known as the founder of Fisker Automotive and Fisker Inc, and as a designer of luxury cars. After working at BMW, Ford, and Aston Martin, Fisker founded Fisker Automotive in 2007. The company failed to meet production deadlines despite significant federal and private investment. Fisker resigned in 2013. The New York Times described the company as the "Solyndra of the electric car industry" and a "debacle". He then became the CEO of Fisker Inc., which he co-founded with his wife in 2016; the company filed for bankruptcy in 2024.
2014 Hockey India League
The 2014 Hockey India League (known as the Hero Hockey India League for sponsorship reasons), abbreviated as HIL 2014, is the second season of the professional field hockey tournament, Hockey India League. The tournament begun on 25 January 2014 with the final on 23 February 2014.

The season will see the addition of one new franchise, Kalinga Lancers, making a total of six franchises in the league.
Delhi Waveriders won this year title after finishing the second last year.

Hockey India League
Hockey India League is a professional field hockey league in India. It is organized by Hockey India, the governing body for the sport in India. It is considered one of the major sports leagues of the country.

It was founded in 2013 as a part of Hockey India's attempt to develop an International Hockey Federation sanctioned league after the un-sanctioned World Series Hockey, began in 2012. The first season took place in 2013. It proved to be a financial success for Hockey India, who were in financial disarray before the league began. In 2015, it was reported that the federation earned a profit from multiple revenues.

The most recent champions of the league are SG Pipers Hockey in the women's edition and Kalinga Lancers in the men's edition.
Picture Play (magazine)
Picture Play, originally titled Picture-Play Weekly was an American weekly magazine focusing on the film industry. Its first edition was published on April 10, 1915. It eventually transitioned from a weekly to a monthly magazine, before ending its production run, when it continued as Your Charm, in March 1941.

Glamour (magazine)
Glamour is a multinational online women's magazine published by Condé Nast Publications and based in New York City. It was originally called Glamour of Hollywood. From 1939 to 2019, Glamour was a print magazine. Due to decreasing numbers of subscribers, Glamour's last print edition was in January 2019.
T-Mobile myTouch 4G
The T-Mobile myTouch 4G is a smartphone designed and manufactured by HTC Corporation for T-Mobile USA's "myTouch" re-branded series of phones. HTC's name for the device during development was "Glacier". This is T-Mobile's second "4G" phone, after the T-Mobile G2, and the third smartphone by T-Mobile that runs the Android 2.2 Froyo software. The phone was released in black, red, and white colors.

MyTouch
The T-Mobile myTouch or myTouch series is a product line of private label smartphones manufactured by HTC, LG and Huawei sold and marketed in the United States by T-Mobile USA under the T-Mobile brand. Each phone in the series runs a version of the Android software stack.

The T-Mobile myTouch 3G is a version of the HTC Magic, but the T-Mobile myTouch 3G Slide and the T-Mobile myTouch 4G are both unique to T-Mobile USA.

The myTouch series has thus far included simultaneous marketing of slider-keyboarded and keyless versions of otherwise similarly equipped models.
Dates of Epoch-Making Events
"Dates of Epoch-Making Events" is an entry in The Nuttall Encyclopaedia for its listing of the most important turning points in history, particularly western history. The work's list illustrates western culture's turning points and James Wood's views from the early 20th century. The events are listed as in the original listing, with modern footnotes.

The Nuttall Encyclopædia
The Nuttall Encyclopædia: Being a Concise and Comprehensive Dictionary of General Knowledge is a late 19th-century encyclopedia, edited by Rev. James Wood, first published in London in 1900 by Frederick Warne & Co Ltd.

Editions were recorded for 1920, 1930, 1938 and 1956 and was still being sold in 1966. Editors included  G. Elgie  Christ and A. L. Hayden for 1930, Lawrence Hawkins Dawson for 1938 and C. M. Prior for 1956.
Onalaska, Washington
Onalaska is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lewis County, Washington, United States. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 657. Onalaska is located along Washington State Route 508.

Washington State Route 508
State Route 508 (SR 508) is a 32.84-mile (52.85 km) long state highway located in Lewis County within the U.S. state of Washington, extending from an interchange with Interstate 5 (I-5) concurrent with U.S. Route 12 (US 12) in Napavine to SR 7 in Morton. By 1916, a road between Napavine and Cinebar was constructed on the current route of SR 508 and was signed in 1937 as Secondary State Highway 5K (SSH 5K) after being extended to Morton. SSH 5K became SR 508 in 1968 and since then, a segment in Bear Canyon has been reconstructed twice between 2007 and 2009 and a bridge over the Tilton River was reconstructed in 2009.
UPGMA
UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) is a simple agglomerative (bottom-up) hierarchical clustering method. It also has a weighted variant, WPGMA, and they are generally attributed to Sokal and Michener.

Note that the unweighted term indicates that all distances contribute equally to each average that is computed and does not refer to the math by which it is achieved. Thus the simple averaging in WPGMA produces a weighted result and the proportional averaging in UPGMA produces an unweighted result (see the working example).

Models of DNA evolution
A number of different Markov models of DNA sequence evolution have been proposed.  These substitution models differ in terms of the parameters used to describe the rates at which one nucleotide replaces another during evolution. These models are frequently used in molecular phylogenetic analyses. In particular, they are used during the calculation of likelihood of a tree (in Bayesian and maximum likelihood approaches to tree estimation) and they are used to estimate the evolutionary distance between sequences from the observed differences between the sequences.