hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sophiornithidae
The Sophiornithidae (literally "wisdom birds") are an extinct family of chicken-sized predatory birds that lived from the Paleocene to the Eocene periods of the Cenozoic, and were found primarily in Europe, and are thought to be primitive owls (hence, the name wisdom bird). They were also possibly related to Strigiformes.

The French genera Berruornis (Late Paleocene to Late Eocene/Early Oligocene), as well as Palaeotyto and Palaeobyas from Quercy, are sometimes placed in this family. The latter might instead be barn owls, while the first might be a very basal owl but not an actual sophiornithid. Strigogyps was placed here for a time, but it has been revised several times since then and appears to be an ameghinornitid; these were distant relatives of the seriemas.

Owl
Owls are birds from the order Strigiformes (/ˈstrɪdʒəfɔːrmiːz/), which includes over 200 species of mostly solitary and nocturnal birds of prey typified by an upright stance, a large, broad head, binocular vision, binaural hearing, sharp talons, and feathers adapted for silent flight. Exceptions include the diurnal northern hawk-owl and the gregarious burrowing owl.

Owls are divided into two families: the true (or typical) owl family, Strigidae, and the barn owl and bay owl family, Tytonidae. Owls hunt mostly small mammals, insects, and other birds, although a few species specialize in hunting fish. They are found in all regions of the Earth except the polar ice caps and some remote islands.

A group of owls is called a "parliament".
Presa Canario
The Presa Canario is a Spanish breed of large-sized dog of mastiff or catch dog type. It originates in the Spanish autonomous community of the Canary Islands, and is found mostly in the islands of Gran Canaria and Tenerife.: 587  It was formerly known as the Dogo Canario. It was traditionally used as a guard dog, as a herding dog for both sheep and cattle, and for dog-fighting, which was legal in Spain until 1936 and may have continued clandestinely thereafter.: 587

Dog fighting
Dog fighting is a type of blood sport that turns game and fighting dogs against each other in a physical fight, often to the death, for the purposes of gambling or entertainment to the spectators. In rural areas, fights are often staged in barns or outdoor pits; in urban areas, fights are often staged in garages, basements, warehouses, alleyways, abandoned buildings, neighborhood playgrounds, or in the streets. Dog fights usually last until one dog is declared a winner, which occurs when one dog fails to scratch, dies, or jumps out of the pit. Sometimes dog fights end without declaring a winner; for instance, the dog's owner may call off the fight.

Dog fighting generates revenue from stud fees, admission fees, and gambling. Most countries have banned dog fighting, but it is still legal in some countries, such as Venezuela, Bangladesh, Japan and Albania. The sport is also popular in Russia.
Speech Debelle
Corynne Elliot (born 17 March 1983), better known as Speech Debelle, is a British rapper formerly signed to the Big Dada record label. She was the winner of the 2009 Mercury Prize for her debut album Speech Therapy.

Debelle's single from Speech Therapy, "Spinnin" has been re-worked by Tinchy Stryder and Dionne Bromfield and was used as one of the official anthems of the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.

She has also been politically and socially active with a number of charities and movements, and hosted the BBC documentary Hidden Homeless in 2012.

Dionne Bromfield
Dionne Julia Bromfield (born 1 February 1996) is a British soul music singer, television presenter and television personality. Her debut album, Introducing Dionne Bromfield, was released in 2009 by Amy Winehouse's Lioness Records label. She first came to public attention after performing on the British TV show Strictly Come Dancing with Amy Winehouse on backing vocals. She is known for being one of the former presenters on Friday Download. On 15 July 2021, Bromfield released the single "Silly Love", nearly 10 years after the death of her godmother Amy Winehouse.
Puff-throated bulbul
The puff-throated bulbul (Alophoixus pallidus) is a songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1870. It is found in Southeast Asia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

White-throated bulbul
The white-throated bulbul (Alophoixus flaveolus) is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in south-eastern Asia from the eastern Himalayas to Myanmar and western Thailand. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
I-4 road (Bulgaria)
Republican road I-4 (Bulgarian: Републикански път I-4) is a major road in Northern Bulgaria. It runs between I-3 road, at the town of Yablanitsa, and I-2 road, at the city of Shumen. The total length of the road is 264.3 km (164.2 mi) and it follows European route E772. The road passes through the provinces of Lovech, Gaborovo, Veliko Tarnovo, Targovishte and Shumen.

I-3 road (Bulgaria)
Republican road I-3 (Bulgarian: Републикански път I-3) is a first class road in northern Bulgaria. It runs between I-5 road near the town of Byala, and I-1 road, at Botevgrad. The total length of the road is 203 km (126 mi) and is part of the European route E83. The road passes through the provinces of Ruse, Veliko Tarnovo, Pleven, Lovech and Sofia.
David Milch
David Sanford Milch (born March 23, 1945) is an American writer and producer of television series. He has created several television shows, including ABC's NYPD Blue (1993–2005), co-created with Steven Bochco, and HBO's Deadwood (2004–2006, 2019).

Deadwood: The Movie
Deadwood: The Movie is a 2019 American Western television film directed by Daniel Minahan and written by David Milch for HBO. It is a continuation of the television series of the same name, which was created by Milch and ran for three seasons from 2004 to 2006. The film reunites the majority of the show's large ensemble cast, including Timothy Olyphant, Ian McShane, Molly Parker, Paula Malcomson, John Hawkes, and Gerald McRaney, and premiered on May 31, 2019.
Shalin Bhanot
Shalin Bhanot (born 15 November 1983) is an Indian actor who works in Hindi television. He started his career as a contestant in Roadies 2 and has since acted in various serials and web shows. He participated in dance reality Nach Baliye 4 and emerged as the winner with his now ex-wife Dalljiet Kaur. He then participated in reality series Bigg Boss 16 where he finished as a finalist. In 2024, he participated in Khatron Ke Khiladi 14.

MTV Roadies
MTV Roadies is an Indian reality television series. It premiered on 15 August 2003 on MTV India and is also digitally available on JioHotstar.

Following the auditions, a group of contestants travel to different destinations and participate in various tasks that challenge their physical, social and mental strength.
Austrian cuisine
Austrian cuisine consists of many different local or regional cuisines. In addition to Viennese cuisine, which is predominantly based on the cooking traditions of the Habsburg Empire, there are independent regional traditions in all the states of Austria.

The Austrian cuisine shares similarities with its neighboring countries in Central Europe, but particularly with the cuisines of Hungary, Bavaria, Bohemia and Northern Italy. Dishes and preparation methods have often been adopted, integrated, adapted or mixed.

The Austrian cuisine is internationally known above all for its pastries such as Kaiserschmarrn and apple strudel, as well as for Tafelspitz and Wiener schnitzel.

Hungarian cuisine
Hungarian or Magyar cuisine (Hungarian: Magyar konyha) is the cuisine characteristic of the nation of Hungary, and its primary ethnic group, the Magyars. Hungarian cuisine has been described as being the spiciest cuisine in Europe. This can largely be attributed to the use of their piquant native spice, Hungarian paprika, in many of their dishes. A mild version of the spice, Hungarian sweet paprika, is commonly used as an alternative. Traditional Hungarian dishes are primarily based on meats, seasonal vegetables, fruits, bread, and dairy products.
Zikim attack
As part of the 7 October 2023 attack on Israel from the Gaza Strip, a military engagement took place near Zikim, Israel between Hamas militants and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). According to Haaretz, Hamas's goal was to capture Zikim's military training base. The Israeli navy prevented most Hamas militants from landing on the beach, although an estimated 11 militants landed from a vessel that went through. Fighting took place outside Zikim, at three military bases, and on the adjacent coastline. The garrison of the training base held out, but the other two bases were overrun, and a civilian security team prevented an incursion into the kibbutz. Hamas militants also carried out a massacre on the beach, killing 17 civilian beachgoers.

Zikim
Zikim (Hebrew: זִיקִים, lit. 'sparks') is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located in the northern Negev desert, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hof Ashkelon Regional Council. In 2023, it had a population of 944.
Caritas Portugal
Caritas Portugal (Portuguese: Cáritas Portuguesa) is the official Catholic Church organization in Portugal for charity and social relief, instituted by the Portuguese Episcopal Conference. It is a member of Caritas Internationalis and Caritas Europa.

Caritas Portuguesa was founded in 1945, with its first statutes approved in 1956.

From the 1950s to mid-1970s, its activities focused primarily on the distribution of food to the Portuguese population, donated by the United States, and the hosting of children from Central European countries in the aftermath of World War II and the beginning of Cold War tensions.

Caritas Internationalis
Caritas Internationalis (Latin pronunciation: [kaː.ri.t̪as in̪.t̪er.nat̪.t̪͡s̪iˈɔː.na.lis]; lit. 'Charity International') is a confederation of 162 national Catholic relief, development, and social service organisations operating in over 200 countries and territories worldwide. The name Caritas Internationalis refers to both the global network of Caritas organisations and to its general secretariat based in Vatican City.

Collectively and individually, their missions are "to serve the poor and to promote charity and justice throughout the world". Caritas Internationalis is the second-largest international humanitarian aid network in the world after the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.
Charles E. Hazlett
Charles Edward Hazlett (October 15, 1838 – July 2, 1863) was a U.S. Army First Lieutenant during the American Civil War. He was killed on Little Round Top during the second day of the Battle of Gettysburg.

Stephen H. Weed
Stephen Hinsdale Weed (November 17, 1831 – July 2, 1863) was a career military officer in the United States Army. He fought in the Seminole Wars and the Utah War. He was killed defending Little Round Top during the Battle of Gettysburg in the American Civil War.
Scarface (Push It to the Limit)
"Scarface (Push It to the Limit)" is a song performed by American singer Paul Engemann. It was written by Giorgio Moroder and Pete Bellotte for the 1983 motion picture Scarface. The song is included on the film's soundtrack and is used in a montage sequence illustrating the rise in wealth and power of Tony Montana, portrayed by Al Pacino, after he kills Frank Lopez (Robert Loggia) and assumes control of Miami's cocaine trade. In the film, the song appeared in a slightly longer version, later released on a 12-inch single. "Scarface (Push It to the Limit)" has been sampled by multiple musicians and used in montage sequences in television episodes.

Paul Engemann
Paul Engemann (born October 15, 1957) is an American former pop singer. He is best known for performing vocals on the 1983 Giorgio Moroder song "Scarface (Push It to the Limit)", which was featured prominently in the film Scarface.
Eric Bachier Román
Eric Enrique Bachier Román (born August 21, 1976) is a Puerto Rican politician and the current mayor of Arroyo, Puerto Rico. Bachier is affiliated with the Popular Democratic Party (PPD) and has served as mayor since 2013.

Arroyo, Puerto Rico
Arroyo (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈroʝo]) is a town and municipality located along the southern coast of Puerto Rico and bordered by the Caribbean Sea, east of the municipality of Guayama and northwest of the municipality of Patillas. Arroyo is spread over 5 barrios and Arroyo barrio-pueblo (the downtown area and administrative center). It is part of the Guayama Metropolitan Statistical Area.
King of Wales
Latin versions of "King of Wales" (Welsh: Brenin Cymru) were titles used on a handful of occasions in the Middle Ages. They were very rarely claimed or applied by contemporaries, because Wales, much like Ireland, usually had neither the political unity nor the sovereignty of other contemporary European kingdoms such as England and Scotland. While many early rulers of areas within Wales used the title of "King", they were not, and did not claim to be, rulers of all Wales.

Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Kings of Britain achieved wide circulation from 1136. It has almost no historical value, but it popularised a fictitious list of legendary kings of Britain that remains central to the stories which make up the Matter of Britain.

Wales in the Middle Ages
Wales in the Middle Ages covers the history of the country that is now called Wales, from the departure of the Romans in the early fifth century to the annexation of Wales into the Kingdom of England in the early sixteenth century. This period of about 1,000 years saw the development of regional Welsh kingdoms, Celtic conflict with the Anglo-Saxons, reducing Celtic territories, and conflict between the Welsh and the Anglo-Normans from the 11th century.
Fairey Aviation Company
The Fairey Aviation Company Limited was a British aircraft manufacturer of the first half of the 20th century based in Hayes in Middlesex and Heaton Chapel and RAF Ringway in Cheshire that designed important military aircraft, including the Fairey III family, the Swordfish, Firefly, and Gannet. It had a strong presence in the supply of naval aircraft, and also built bombers for the RAF.

After World War II, the company diversified into mechanical engineering and boat-building. The aircraft manufacturing arm was taken over by Westland Aircraft in 1960. Following a series of mergers and takeovers, the principal successor businesses to the company became FBM Babcock Marine, Spectris, and WFEL (formerly Williams Fairey Engineering Limited.

WFEL was bought by German arms manufacturer Krauss-Maffei Wegmann in 2013 for £60m, and is now called KNDS UK.

Fairey III
The Fairey Aviation Company Fairey III was a family of British reconnaissance biplanes that enjoyed a very long production and service history in both landplane and seaplane variants. First flying on 14 September 1917, examples were still in use during the Second World War.
Astrid Carolina Herrera
Astrid Carolina Herrera Irazábal (born June 23, 1963) is a Venezuelan actress and beauty queen who won Miss World 1984 pageant in London, United Kingdom, becoming the third woman from her country to win the title.

Miss World 1984
Miss World 1984, the 34th edition of the Miss World pageant, was held on 15 November 1984 at the Royal Albert Hall in London, United Kingdom. The winner was Astrid Carolina Herrera from Venezuela. She was crowned by Miss World 1983, Sarah-Jane Hutt of the United Kingdom. The 1st and 2nd runners-up were Constance "Connie" Fitzpatrick from Canada, and Lou-Anne Ronchi from Australia. The event was viewed by 17.1 million people in the United Kingdom.

This edition marked the return of Kenya, which last competed in 1968, Nigeria last competed in 1979, French Polynesia (as Tahiti) and Sri Lanka last competed in 1982. Indonesia, Liberia, Tonga, Turkey, withdrew from the competition for unknown reasons.
Idiot (1992 film)
Idiot is a 1992 Hindi drama film based on Fyodor Dostoevsky's 1869 novel The Idiot. It was directed by Mani Kaul and stars Shah Rukh Khan and Ayub Khan-Din. The film debuted at the New York Film Festival in October 1992. In this version of the tale, placed in contemporary Mumbai, Prince Miskin (Khan-Din) is a man whose epilepsy is mistaken for idiocy.

Ayub Khan Din
Ayub Khan Din (Urdu: ایوب خان دین; born 11 July 1961) is a British writer and actor. He wrote the BAFTA, BIFA and London Film Critics Circle award-winning film East Is East (1999), adapted from his 1996 Olivier-nominated play of the same name. His 2008 comedy play Rafta, Rafta... won the Olivier Award. He went on to write the film sequel West Is West (2010). On television, he created the Channel 4 comedy-drama Ackley Bridge (2017–2022).

As an actor, Khan Din's roles include Sammy in Hanif Kureishi's film Sammy and Rosie Get Laid in (1987), Hanif Ruparell in the soap opera Coronation Street (1992–1993), and Ravi Shah in the ITV series London Bridge (1996).
Horseheads, New York
Horseheads is a town in Chemung County, New York, United States. The population was 19,412 at the 2020 census. The name of the town is derived from the number of bleached horses' skulls once found there.

Horseheads is north of the city of Elmira, upon which it borders. There is a village named Horseheads within the town. It is part of the Elmira Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Horseheads (village), New York
Horseheads is a village in Chemung County, New York, United States. The population was 6,606 at the 2020 census. The name is derived from the number of bleached skulls of pack horses left behind by the Sullivan Expedition.

The village of Horseheads is located within the town of Horseheads. It is north of the city of Elmira and is part of the Elmira Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Wynonie Harris
Wynonie Harris (August 24, 1915 – June 14, 1969) was an American blues shouter best remembered as a singer of upbeat songs, featuring humorous, often ribald lyrics. He had fifteen Top 10 hits between 1946 and 1952. Harris is attributed by many music scholars to be one of the founding fathers of rock and roll. His "Good Rocking Tonight" is mentioned at least as a precursor to rock and roll.

His dirty blues repertoire included "Lolly Pop Mama" (1948), "I Like My Baby's Pudding" (1950), "Sittin on It All the Time" (1950), "Keep On Churnin' (Till the Butter Comes)" (1952), and "Wasn't That Good" (1953).

Keep On Churnin' (Till the Butter Comes)
"Keep On Churnin' (Till the Butter Comes)" is a rhythm and blues song written by Henry Glover, Jester Hairston, and Lois Mann. It was first recorded in 1952 by Wynonie Harris, with backing from the Todd Rhodes Orchestra, and released by King Records. The song was also recorded by Hank Ballard and the Midnighters. It has been rated as one of the best double entendre songs of all time.
Black (2024 film)
Black is a 2024 Indian Tamil-language science fiction horror thriller film directed by KG Balasubramani in his directoral debut and it is  produced by Potential Studios. The film stars Jiiva and Priya Bhavani Shankar in the lead roles, alongside Vivek Prasanna, Yog Japee and Swayam Siddha. It is an adaptation of the 2013 American film Coherence, directed by James Ward Byrkit. The film follows newlyweds Vasanth and Aranya who goes on a vacation but realize  they are stuck in a worm hole which changes timeline each time they pass it.

The film was officially announced in August 2024 under the official title, Black. Principal photography commenced and wrapped before the film's announcement. The film has music composed by Sam C. S., cinematography handled by Gokul Benoy and editing by Philomin Raj.

Coherence (film)
Coherence is a 2013 American science fiction psychological thriller film written and directed by James Ward Byrkit in his directorial debut. The film had its world debut on September 19, 2013, at Fantastic Fest and stars Emily Foxler as a woman who must deal with strange occurrences following the close passing of a comet.
Alexander John Forsyth
Alexander John Forsyth (28 December 1768 – 11 June 1843) was a Scottish Church of Scotland minister, who first successfully used fulminating (or 'detonating') chemicals to prime gunpowder in fire-arms thereby creating what became known as percussion ignition.

Percussion cap
The percussion cap, percussion primer, or caplock, introduced in the early 1820s, is a type of single-use percussion ignition device for muzzle loader firearm locks enabling them to fire reliably in any weather condition. Its invention gave rise to the caplock mechanism or percussion lock system which used percussion caps struck by the hammer to set off the gunpowder charge in  rifles and cap and ball firearms. Any firearm using a caplock mechanism is a percussion gun. Any long gun with a cap-lock mechanism and rifled barrel is a percussion rifle. Cap and ball describes cap-lock firearms discharging a single bore-diameter spherical bullet with each shot.
Tax protester history in the United States
A tax protester, in the United States, is a person who denies that he or she owes a tax based on the belief that the Constitution of the United States, statutes, or regulations do not empower the government to impose, assess or collect the tax. The tax protester may have no dispute with how the government spends its revenue. This differentiates a tax protester from a tax resister, who seeks to avoid paying a tax because the tax is being used for purposes with which the resister takes issue.

Tax protester statutory arguments
Tax protesters in the United States have advanced a number of arguments asserting that the assessment and collection of the federal income tax violates statutes enacted by the United States Congress and signed into law by the President. Such arguments generally claim that certain statutes fail to create a duty to pay taxes, that such statutes do not impose the income tax on wages or other types of income claimed by the tax protesters, or that provisions within a given statute exempt the tax protesters from a duty to pay.

These statutory arguments are distinguished from, although related to, constitutional, administrative and general conspiracy arguments. Statutory arguments presuppose that Congress has a constitutional power to tax income (and typically accept the validity of the 16th Amendment, unlike some other theories) but has not passed a statute doing so, or has done so in a way that renders certain types of income not liable to taxation.
Axel Brown
Axel Brown (born 2 April 1992 in Harrogate) is a British-born Trinidadian bobsledder, who represented Trinidad and Tobago at the 2022 Winter Olympics, in 2-man bobsleigh. He is the son of British explorer Chris Brown.

Chris Brown (explorer)
Chris Brown (born 1962) is a British explorer and adventurer known for his bid to become the first person in history to visit all eight of the Earth's Continental Poles of Inaccessibility. To date, he has reached six of the eight poles.
Brown holds a Guinness World Record for the most race dives into a swimming pool in one hour and has been elected as a Lifelong Honorary Fellow of the Scientific Exploration Society. He is also the father of Olympic bobsleigh athlete Axel Brown.