hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tripadvisor
Tripadvisor is an American company that operates online travel agencies, comparison shopping websites, and mobile apps with user-generated content.

Its namesake brand, Tripadvisor.com, operates in 40 countries and 20 languages, and features approximately 1 billion reviews and opinions on roughly 8 million establishments. The company's other brands include Bokun.io, Cruise Critic, FlipKey, TheFork, Holiday Lettings, Housetrip, Jetsetter, Singleplatform, Niumba, SeatGuru, and Viator. The company is headquartered in Needham, Massachusetts.

In 2023, Tripadvisor earned 25 percent of its revenues from Expedia Group and Booking Holdings and their subsidiaries, primarily for pay-per-click advertising.

Matt Goldberg is Tripadvisor's CEO and president.

Expedia Group
Expedia Group, Inc. is an American travel technology company that owns and operates travel fare aggregators and travel metasearch engines, including Expedia, Hotels.com, Vrbo, Travelocity, Hotwire.com, Orbitz, Ebookers, CheapTickets, CarRentals.com, Expedia Cruises, Wotif, and Trivago. Over 3.5 million lodging facilities and flights on over 500 airlines are bookable on the company's websites. It has 16,500 employees, and its headquarters are located in Seattle, Washington.

The word "Expedia" is derived from a combination of "exploration" and "speed". The company is listed on Nasdaq under the ticker symbol EXPE.
Alvis plc
Alvis PLC was a British motor vehicle manufacturer. It was created when United Scientific Holdings plc acquired the Alvis division of the nationalised vehicle manufacturer British Leyland in 1981. United Scientific maintained its own name until 1992 when the group was renamed Alvis plc. Alvis acquired the armoured vehicle business of the Swedish engineering company Hägglund & Söner in 1997 and the armoured vehicle business of GKN in 1998.

Alvis acquired Vickers Defence Systems from Rolls-Royce in October 2002. It was in turn acquired by BAE Systems in 2004 and became BAE Systems Land Systems (Weapons & Vehicles), now part of the BAE Systems Land & Armaments operating group.

Alvis Car and Engineering Company
Alvis Car and Engineering Company Ltd was a British manufacturing company in Coventry from 1919 to 1967. In addition to automobiles designed for the civilian market, the company also produced racing cars, aircraft engines, armoured cars, and other armoured fighting vehicles.

Car manufacturing ended after the company became a subsidiary of Rover in 1965, but armoured vehicle manufacture continued. Alvis became part of British Leyland and then in 1982 was sold to United Scientific Holdings, which renamed itself Alvis plc.

In 2023, its successor company began manufacturing the brand’s classic models again.
June 1973 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Friday, June 15, 1973, with an umbral magnitude of −0.6020. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring only about 3 hours after apogee (on June 15, 1973, at 18:05 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

This eclipse was the second of four lunar eclipses in 1973, with the others occurring on January 18 (penumbral), July 15 (penumbral), and December 10 (partial).

July 1973 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Sunday, July 15, 1973, with an umbral magnitude of −0.9581. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 3 days after apogee (on July 12, 1973, at 22:45 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

This eclipse was the third of four lunar eclipses in 1973, with the others occurring on January 18 (penumbral), June 15 (penumbral), and December 10 (partial).

This was the first lunar eclipse of Saros series 148.
English articles
The articles in English are the definite article the and the indefinite article a (which takes the alternate form an when followed by a vowel sound). They are the two most common determiners. The definite article is the default determiner when the speaker believes that the listener knows the identity of a common noun's referent (because it is obvious, because it is common knowledge, or because it was mentioned in the same sentence or an earlier sentence). The indefinite article is the default determiner for other singular, countable, common nouns, while no determiner is the default for other common nouns. Other determiners are used to add semantic information such as amount (many, a few), proximity (this, those), or possession (my, the government's).

The
The is a grammatical article in English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. The is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers.
Richard A. Brualdi
Richard Anthony Brualdi is a professor emeritus of combinatorial mathematics at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Brualdi received his Ph.D. from Syracuse University in 1964; his advisor was H. J. Ryser. Brualdi is an Editor-in-Chief of the Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. He has over 200 publications in several mathematical journals. According to current on-line database of Mathematics Genealogy Project, Richard Brualdi has 37 Ph.D. students and 48 academic descendants. The concept of incidence coloring was introduced in 1993 by Brualdi and Massey.

He received the Euler medal from the Institute of Combinatorics and its Applications in 2000. In 2012, he was elected a fellow of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. That same year, he became an inaugural fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

H. J. Ryser
Herbert John Ryser (July 28, 1923 – July 12, 1985) was a professor of mathematics, widely regarded as one of the major figures in combinatorics in the 20th century. He is the namesake of the Bruck–Ryser–Chowla theorem, Ryser's formula for the computation of the permanent of a matrix, and Ryser's conjecture.
Accuracy International AX50
The Accuracy International AX50 is a .50 BMG anti-materiel rifle manufactured by British firearms company Accuracy International.

The AX50 is developed as an upgrade to the Accuracy International AW50, the AX50 is built to withstand sustained, heavy usage and constant military deployment. It was designed to allow the operator a high level of accuracy and performance in harsh conditions.

Accuracy International AW50
The AW50 is a .50 BMG anti-materiel rifle designed by Accuracy International. It is a re-engineered version of the Accuracy International Arctic Warfare sniper rifle (the standard issue sniper rifle in the British forces).
F. Reese Harvey
Frank Reese Harvey (born 1941) is an American mathematician known for contributions to the field of differential geometry. In 1982, in collaboration with Blaine Lawson, Harvey introduced calibrated geometry, which is instrumental in the formulation of the SYZ conjecture. He is Edgar Odell Lovett Professor and professor emeritus of mathematics at Rice University,

H. Blaine Lawson
Herbert Blaine Lawson, Jr. is a mathematician best known for his work in minimal surfaces, calibrated geometry, and algebraic cycles.  He is currently a Distinguished Professor of Mathematics at Stony Brook University.  He received his PhD  from Stanford University in 1969 for work carried out under the supervision of Robert Osserman.
Thomas R. Metcalf
Thomas R. Metcalf (born May 31, 1934) is a historian of South Asia, especially colonial India, and of the British Empire.  Metcalf is the Emeritus Sarah Kailath Professor of India Studies and Professor of History at the University of California, Berkeley.  He is the author of Imperial Connections: India in the Indian Ocean Arena, 1860-1920 (2008), A Concise History of Modern India (with Barbara Metcalf, 2006), Forging the Raj: Essays on British India in the Heyday of Empire (2005), Ideologies of the Raj (1997), and other books on the history of colonial India.

He was educated at Amherst College, the University of Cambridge and Harvard University. He is married to historian Barbara D. Metcalf.

Barbara D. Metcalf
Barbara Daly Metcalf (born September 13, 1941) is a professor emeritus of history at the University of California, Davis.  She is a specialist in the history of South Asia, especially the colonial period, and the history of the Muslim population of India and Pakistan.  She previously served as the dean of the College of Letters and Science at the University of California, Davis, and as the Alice Freeman Palmer Professor of History at the University of Michigan (2003–2009). She was the president of the Association for Asian Studies in 1994 and the president of the American Historical Association in 2010–11.
Government House (American Samoa)
Government House, also known as Building No.1, Naval Station, Tutuila or Government House, U.S. Naval Station Tutuila, is a historic government building on the grounds of the former United States Naval Station Tutuila in Pago Pago, American Samoa.  Built in 1903, it has served as a center of government on the island for much of the time since then.  Government House was listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places in 1972, and was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1990.

It has a tropical Victorian military style. Guided by Benjamin Franklin Tilley, the first commandant of the U.S. Naval Station Tutuila, it was intended to accommodate future governors. The construction, which cost $15,000, relied on Samoan laborers overseen by naval architects and two skilled carpenters from the U.S.

Government House is located in Fagatogo on Maugaoalii Mt. and overlooks the Pago Pago Bay area on all sides of its mountaintop location.

United States Naval Station Tutuila
United States Naval Station Tutuila was a naval station in Pago Pago Harbor on the island of Tutuila, part of American Samoa, built in 1899 and in operation until 1951. During the United States Navy rule of American Samoa, from 1900 to 1951, it was customary for the commandant of the station to also serve as Military Governor of the territory. Benjamin Franklin Tilley was the first commandant and the first officer responsible for the naval station's construction.
INS Arihant
INS Arihant (SSBN 80) (lit. 'Conqueror'), is the lead ship of Indian Navy's Arihant class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines. The vessel was built under the Advanced Technology Vessel project at the Ship Building Centre in Visakhapatnam. The submarine was launched on 26 July 2009, and after fitting out and extensive sea trials, she was commissioned in August 2016, and deployed operationally in 2018.

Arihant-class submarine
The Arihant-class (lit. 'Vanquisher of the Enemy') is a class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines in service with Indian Navy. They were developed under the Advanced Technology Vessel (ATV) project to design and build nuclear-powered submarines. The project is being seen as a black project. These vessels are classified as 'strategic strike nuclear submarines' by India.

The lead vessel of the class, INS Arihant was laid down in 2004, launched in 2009 and after extensive sea trials was confirmed to be commissioned in August 2016. Arihant holds the distinction of being the first ballistic missile submarine to have been built by a country other than one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. As of 25 October 2024, INS Arihant and INS Arighaat are already on deep sea patrols.
The Disappearance of Nagato Yuki-chan
The Disappearance of Nagato Yuki-chan (長門有希ちゃんの消失, Nagato Yuki-chan no Shōshitsu) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Puyo. The series is a spinoff of Nagaru Tanigawa's Haruhi Suzumiya light novel series, and is based on the alternate universe originally featured in the series' fourth volume and feature film, The Disappearance of Haruhi Suzumiya. The series was serialized in Kadokawa Shoten's Young Ace magazine from July 2009 to August 2016 and is licensed by Yen Press. A 16-episode anime television series adaptation by Satelight aired between April and July 2015, with an original video animation episode released in October 2015.

Haruhi Suzumiya
Haruhi Suzumiya (Japanese: 涼宮ハルヒ, Hepburn: Suzumiya Haruhi) is a Japanese light novel series written by Nagaru Tanigawa and illustrated by Noizi Ito.  It was first published in 2003 by Kadokawa Shoten in Japan with the novel The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya, and has since been followed by 12 additional novel volumes, an anime television series adaptation produced by Kyoto Animation, four manga series, an animated film, two original net animation series and several video games.

After the anime adaptation aired in 2006, publishing company Kadokawa Shoten received offers for licensing the novels and their adaptations. The novels are licensed for English language release in the United States by Yen Press and Little, Brown Books for Young Readers, and the anime adaptation was licensed for North American distribution by Kadokawa Pictures USA division which then sub-licensed production and distribution to Bandai Entertainment. The anime is currently licensed by Crunchyroll.
George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan
George Charles Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan, GCB (16 April 1800 – 10 November 1888), styled Lord Bingham before 1839, was an Anglo-Irish peer and military officer. He was one of three men, along with Louis Nolan and Lord Raglan, responsible for the fateful order during the Battle of Balaclava in October 1854 that led to the Light Brigade commander, the Earl of Cardigan, leading the Charge of the Light Brigade. He was subsequently promoted to field marshal. He was a ruthless landlord during the Great Famine in Ireland, evicting thousands of his tenants and renting his land to wealthy ranchers. He also came up with a solution that allowed Jews to sit in Parliament.

James Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan
Lieutenant-General James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, KCB (16 October 1797 – 28 March 1868) was a British Army officer who commanded the Light Brigade during the Crimean War, leading its disastrous charge at the Battle of Balaclava. Throughout his life in politics and his long military career, Cardigan characterised the arrogant and extravagant aristocrat of the period. His progression through the British army was marked by many episodes of extraordinary incompetence, but also by generosity to the men under his command and genuine bravery. As a member of the aristocracy, he had actively and steadfastly opposed any political reform in Britain but, in the last year of his life, he relented and came to acknowledge that such reform would bring benefit to all classes of society.
Padaek
Padaek  or padek (Lao: ປາແດກ) is a traditional Lao condiment made from pickled or fermented fish that has been cured. It often contains chunks of fish and is thicker, as well as more seasoned than fish sauce. Unlike other versions of fish sauce in Southeast Asia, padaek is made from freshwater fish, owing to the landlocked nature of the former kingdom of Lan Xang. Padaek is used in many Lao dishes, most notably tam maak hoong.

Fish sauce
Fish sauce is a liquid condiment made from fish or krill that have been coated in salt and fermented for up to two years.: 234  It is used as a staple seasoning in East Asian cuisine and Southeast Asian cuisine, particularly Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Some garum-related fish sauces have been used in the West since the Roman times.

Due to its ability to add a savory umami flavor to dishes, it has been embraced globally by chefs and home cooks. The umami flavor in fish sauce is due to its glutamate content.

Fish sauce is used as a seasoning during or after cooking, and as a base in dipping sauces. Soy sauce is regarded by some in the West as a vegetarian alternative to fish sauce though they are very different in flavor.: 234
Jabari Walker
Jabari Dominic Walker (born July 30, 2002) is an American professional basketball player for the Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is the son of Samaki Walker and brother of University of California basketball player Sakima Walker. He played college basketball for the Colorado Buffaloes. He was named first-team All-Pac-12 as a sophomore with Colorado. He was drafted with the 57th pick in the 2022 NBA draft by the Portland Trail Blazers.

Samaki Walker
Samaki Ijuma Walker (born February 25, 1976) is an American former professional basketball power forward and center. Walker played college basketball for the Louisville Cardinals and was selected in the  1996 NBA draft by the Dallas Mavericks, where he played until 1999. Walker continued to play for the NBA with the San Antonio Spurs (1999–2001), Los Angeles Lakers (2001–2003), Miami Heat (2003–2004), Washington Wizards (2004–2005), and Indiana Pacers (2005–2006). Afterwards, Walker played in various international and minor leagues.
Lewis County, Missouri
Lewis County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,032. Its county seat is Monticello. The county was organized January 2, 1833, and named for Meriwether Lewis, the explorer and Governor of the Louisiana Territory.

Lewis County is part of the Quincy, IL–MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Quincy, Illinois
Quincy (/ˈkwɪnsi/ KWIN-see) is a city in Adams County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. Located on the Mississippi River, the population was 39,463 as of the 2020 census, down from 40,633 in 2010. The Quincy micropolitan area had 114,649 residents.

Known as Illinois's "Gem City", Quincy was a thriving transportation center as riverboats and rail service linked the city to many destinations west and along the river during the 19th century. It was Illinois' second-largest city, surpassing Peoria in 1870. The city has several historic districts, including the Downtown Quincy Historic District and the South Side German Historic District, which display the architecture of Quincy's many German immigrants from the late 19th century.
100 meter running deer
100 meter running deer is a discontinued ISSF shooting event, that was part of the Olympic program from 1908 to 1924, in 1952 and 1956, and of the ISSF World Shooting Championships program from 1929 to 1962, when it was replaced by 50 meter running target. Being the original running target event, it was shot with centerfire rifles from a distance of 100 meters, with the target moving sideways across a 20-meter-wide opening. There were two versions: single shot and double shot. Occasionally combined competitions, with half the course fired single-shot and half double-shot, were held instead of or in addition to the others. The Nordic Shooting Region continued to hold championships in the discipline until 2004. The British Sporting Rifle Club continues to operate a 100 meter running deer range at the National Shooting Centre, Bisley.

50 meter running target
50 meter running target or 50 meter running boar is an ISSF shooting event, shot with a .22-calibre rifle at a target depicting a boar moving sideways across a 10-meter wide opening. It was devised as a replacement for 100 meter running deer in the 1960s and made its way into the Olympic programme in 1972. Although replaced there by the airgun version, 10 meter running target, in 1992, it still is part of the ISSF World Shooting Championships and continental championships.

Just like in 10 meter running target, half of the runs are slow (target visible for 5 seconds), and half are fast (target visible for 2.5 seconds).
Academy of Performing Arts in Prague
The Academy of Performing Arts in Prague (Czech: Akademie múzických umění v Praze, AMU) is a university in the centre of Prague, Czech Republic, specialising in the study of music, dance, drama, film, television and multi-media. It is the largest art school in the Czech Republic, with more than 350 educators and researchers, and 1500 students.

The academy consists of three faculties: a Film and TV School (FAMU); Music and Dance Faculty (HAMU); and Theatre Faculty (DAMU), offering Bachelor, Masters, and Doctoral level courses, as well as conducting artistic research, and in some departments also research in art history and theory.  AMU has two cross-faculty pedagogical facilities: a Languages Centre and a Sports, Rehabilitation and Movement Centre. The university also has two facilities outside Prague designed for residential multi-day creative projects.

Film and TV School of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague
The Film and TV School of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague (Czech: Filmová a televizní fakulta Akademie múzických umění v Praze) or FAMU is a film school in Prague, Czech Republic, founded in 1946 as one of three branches of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague. It is the fifth oldest film school in the world. The teaching language on most courses at FAMU is Czech, but FAMU also runs certain courses in English. The school has repeatedly been included on lists of the best film schools in the world by The Hollywood Reporter.

In the 1960s and 1970s, several young directors from Yugoslavia were FAMU students (Rajko Grlić, Srđan Karanović, Emir Kusturica, Goran Marković, Goran Paskaljević and Lordan Zafranović). All of these directors would become very successful in the following decades, prompting the coinage of the term Praška filmska škola ("Prague film school"), or Praški talas ("Prague wave"), which is sometimes considered a prominent subgenre of the Yugoslav cinema.