hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Angus McDonald (United States Army major)
Angus McDonald (December 30, 1769 – October 14, 1814) was an American military officer, landowner, and planter in the U.S. state of Virginia. McDonald served as a military officer during the War of 1812 following his appointment by United States President James Madison. McDonald was the son of Virginia military officer and frontiersman Colonel Angus McDonald and the father of Colonel Angus William McDonald, a commander in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

Angus William McDonald
Angus William McDonald (February 14, 1799 – December 1, 1864) was a 19th-century American military officer and lawyer in the U.S. state of Virginia. He also served as a colonel in command of the Confederate States Army's 7th Virginia Cavalry during the American Civil War. McDonald was appointed to serve in a number of prominent political positions including a superintendent overseeing the construction of the Northwestern Turnpike and a commissioner representing Virginia in its boundary dispute with Maryland. McDonald was the grandson of Virginia military officer and frontiersman, Angus McDonald (1727–1778) and the father of United States Fish Commissioner Marshall McDonald (1835–1895).
Tingri County
Tingri County (Tibetan: དིང་རི་རྫོང་།; simplified Chinese: 定日县; traditional Chinese: 定日縣; pinyin: Dìngrì Xiàn) is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shigatse in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

The county comprises the upper valley of the Bum-chu or Arun River, with the valleys of its tributaries, the valleys of the Rongshar Tsangpo and the Lapchi Gang Tsangpo which flow south into Nepal. It is bordered on the south by the main range of the Himalayas, including Mount Everest (Tib. Jomolangma), Makalu and Cho Oyu. The present county administration is located at Shelkar, about 87 km (54 mi) east of Tingri (town).

Tingri is one of the four counties (the other three being Dinjie, Nyalam, and Kyirong) that comprise the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve, a protected area spanning 3.381 million hectares.

Nyalam County
Nyalam County (Chinese: 聂拉木县; Tibetan: གཉའ་ལམ་རྫོང་།) is a county in Shigatse, Tibet, China. It borders on Nepal.

The land area of the county is 7,903 km2 (3,051 sq mi). The population as of 2003 was 10,000. The postal code for the county is 858300.

The county seat is in Nyalam Town.

The other town of the county is Zhangmu, also known by its Tibetan name Dram, or Nepali Khasa. It is located near the border and is the point of entry from Nepal. At "merely" 2,300 meters elevation about the sea level, Zhangmu has mild and humid subtropical climate, which is a rarity for Tibet.

It is one of the four counties that comprise the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve (Nyalam, Tingri, Dinggyê, and Kyirong).
Musso War
The Musso War (or War of Musso) was an armed conflict between the federation of the Three Leagues (German: Drei Bünde), which functioned as an associate state of the Old Swiss Confederacy, and Gian Giacomo Medici (castellan of Musso, on Lake Como) early in the 16th century. The conflict took place in two phases: the First Musso War (1524–26) during which Medici, serving the Duchy of Milan, fought against the Three Leagues; and the Second Musso War (1531–32) during which Medici, acting as an independent warlord, fought against both the Swiss and Milanese.

Three Leagues
The Three Leagues, sometimes referred to as Raetia, was the 1471 alliance between the League of God's House, the League of the Ten Jurisdictions, and the Grey League. Its members were all associates of the Old Swiss Confederacy, and as such enjoyed positive relations with the Confederation, which eventually led to the formation of the Swiss canton of Grisons.

The territory corresponds to the core territory of Raetia Curiensis (ruled by the bishops of Chur as Prince-Bishopric of Chur), the early medieval remnant of the Roman province of Raetia prima.
Simyo
Simyo is a brand for various mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) in Europe. In the Netherlands, it is owned by KPN. In Spain, it is owned by Orange España. In Germany, it was relaunched in August 2024 by mobilezone GmbH and Telefonica Germany.

The brand previously was active in France (owned by Bouygues, discontinued in 2015) and Belgium (owned by KPN, discontinued in 2017).

KPN
Koninklijke KPN N.V. (Royal KPN N.V. in English), trading as KPN is a Dutch telecommunications company. KPN originated from a government-run postal, telegraph and telephone service and is based in Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Fernando Pessoa
Fernando António Nogueira de Seabra Pessoa (/pɛˈsoʊə/; Portuguese: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃du pɨˈsoɐ]; 13 June 1888 – 30 November 1935) was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic, translator, and publisher. He has been described as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language. He also wrote in and translated from English and French.

Pessoa was a prolific writer both in his own name and approximately seventy-five other names, of which three stand out: Alberto Caeiro, Álvaro de Campos, and Ricardo Reis. He did not define these as pseudonyms because he felt that this did not capture their true independent intellectual life and instead called them heteronyms, a term he invented. These imaginary figures sometimes held unpopular or extreme views.

Heteronym (literature)
The literary concept of the heteronym refers to one or more imaginary character(s) created by a writer to write in different styles. Heteronyms differ from pen names (or pseudonyms, from the Greek words for "false" and "name") in that the latter are just false names, while the former are characters that have their own supposed physiques, biographies, and writing styles.

Heteronyms were named and developed by the Portuguese writer and poet Fernando Pessoa in the early 20th century, but they were thoroughly explored by the Danish philosopher Kierkegaard in the 19th century and have also been used by other writers.
IBM zEC12
The zEC12 microprocessor (zEnterprise EC12 or just z12) is a chip made by IBM for their zEnterprise EC12 and zEnterprise BC12 mainframe computers, announced on August 28, 2012. It is manufactured at the East Fishkill, New York fabrication plant (previously owned by IBM but production will continue for ten years by new owner GlobalFoundries). The processor began shipping in the fall of 2012. IBM stated that it was the world's fastest microprocessor and is about 25% faster than its predecessor the z196.

IBM Z
IBM Z is a family name used by IBM for all of its z/Architecture mainframe computers.
In July 2017, with another generation of products, the official family was changed to IBM Z from IBM z Systems; the IBM Z family includes the newest model, the IBM z17, as well as the z16, z15, z14, and z13 (released under the IBM z Systems/IBM System z names), the IBM zEnterprise models (in common use the zEC12 and z196), the IBM System z10 models (in common use the z10 EC), the IBM System z9 models (in common use the z9 EC) and IBM eServer zSeries models (in common use refers only to the z900 and z990 generations of mainframe).
O Smach
O Smach (Khmer: អូរស្មាច់, Or Smăch, pronounced [ʔou.smac]) (also spelled O'Smach or Ou Smach) is a small Cambodian town on the Thai border in Samraong Municipality of Oddar Meanchey Province, situated north of the city of Samraong. Until 1999, there were intermittent battles, and the area was unsafe as the last remaining Khmer Rouge still had control of nearby Anlong Veng. In 2003, an international border crossing was opened between O Smach and the adjacent town of Chong Chom in Thailand's Surin Province. There has since opened a strip of casinos between the Cambodian and Thai passport control counters, enabling Thais to gamble in Cambodia without needing to go through Cambodian immigration. Gambling is illegal in Thailand and gambling in Cambodia is legal only for foreign passport holders. O Smach is at the northern terminus of Road 68 which turns north off National Highway 6 at Kravanh in Siem Reap Province.

Samraong (town)
Samraong (Khmer: សំរោង, pronounced [sɑm.raoŋ], lit. 'The Impenetrable jungle') is the capital of Oddar Meanchey Province in Northwestern Cambodia. To the north of the city is the border crossing at O Smach into Thailand.
Professional wrestling double-team maneuvers
In professional wrestling double-team maneuvers are executed by multiple wrestlers instead of one and typically are used by tag teams in tag team matches. Many of these maneuvers are combination of two throws, or submission holds. Most moves are known by the names that professional wrestlers give their "finishing move" (signature moves that usually result in a win) names. Occasionally, these names become popular and are used regardless of the wrestler performing the technique. Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.

Professional wrestling throws
Professional wrestling throws are the application of professional wrestling techniques that involve lifting the opponent up and throwing or slamming them down. They are sometimes also called "power" maneuvers, as they are meant to emphasize a wrestler's strength. Many of these moves are used as finishers by various wrestlers, who refer to them by several different names that reflect their gimmick. Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.
Mug shot publishing industry
The mugshot publishing industry is a niche market of tabloid journalism in the United States. The industry consists of companies that publish mugshots and booking details of individuals arrested by law enforcement agencies. These companies publish the arrest information in tabloids, through local and multi-jurisdictional search websites. The related reputation management industry profits when individuals pay a fee to have their mugshot removed from one or more websites; often the same entity owns both the publishing site and the removal service, which has led to allegations of and lawsuits for extortionate practices and arrests of mugshot business owners on charges of identity theft, money laundering, and extortion. In 2018 the journal of the American Bar Association called the industry an "online extortion scheme."

Mug shot
A mug shot or mugshot (an informal term for police photograph or booking photograph) is a photographic portrait of a person from the shoulders up, typically taken after a person is placed under arrest. The primary purpose of the mug shot is to allow law enforcement to have a photographic record of an arrested individual to allow for identification by victims, the public and investigators. However, in the United States, entrepreneurs have recently begun to monetize these public records via the mug shot publishing industry.

Photographing of criminals began in the 1840s only a few years after the invention of photography, but it was not until 1888 that French police officer Alphonse Bertillon standardized the process.
Fritz Peterson
Fred Ingels Peterson (February 8, 1942 – October 19, 2023) was an American professional baseball pitcher who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, Cleveland Indians, and Texas Rangers from 1966 to 1976.

Peterson was a left handed starting pitcher who enjoyed his best success in 1970 with the Yankees when he went 20–11 and pitched in the All-Star game. He was widely known for trading families with teammate Mike Kekich in the early 1970s. He had a career record of 133–131. Peterson had the lowest ratio of base on balls per innings pitched for any left-handed pitcher to pitch in the major leagues since the 1920s.

Mike Kekich
Michael Dennis Kekich (born April 2, 1945) is an American former professional baseball pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Los Angeles Dodgers, New York Yankees, Cleveland Indians, Texas Rangers and Seattle Mariners in parts of nine seasons spanning 1965–1977. In 1974, he played in Japan for the Nippon-Ham Fighters.
Lhasa Economic and Technological Development Zone
The Lhasa Economic and Technological Development Zone (Chinese: 拉萨经济技术开发区), or Lhasa Economic Development Zone, approved by the State Council of the People's Republic of China on September 19, 2001, is the first and only national-level economic and technological development zone in Tibet.

National Economic and Technological Development Zones
The National Economic and Technological Development Zones (simplified Chinese: 国家级经济技术开发区; traditional Chinese: 國家級經濟技術開發區; pinyin: Guójiājí Jīngjì Jìshù Kāifā Qū) are the special areas of the People's Republic of China where foreign direct investment is encouraged.  They are usually called the "Economic and Technological Development Zones" or simply the "Development Zones" (开发区; Kāifā Qū).

These national level programs started with the Special Economic Zones for three cities in 1978, as part of the reform and opening up, and were extended to the Economic and Technological Development Zones in 14 cities in 1984.
Cachar district
Cachar district is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India. After independence, the pre-existing undivided Cachar district was split into four districts: Dima Hasao (formerly North Cachar Hills), Hailakandi, Karimganj, and the current Cachar district. Silchar is Cachar district's center of government.

Dima Hasao district
Dima Hasao district (/ˈdɪmə həˈsaʊ/), is an administrative district in the state of Assam, India. As of 2011, it is the least populous district of Assam.

Dima Hasao district is one of two autonomous hill districts of Assam. The district headquarters Haflong is the only hill station in the state.
Andhera Ujala
Andhera Ujala (Urdu: اندھیرا اجالا, English: Darkness, Brightness) was a Pakistani crime investigation television series that aired on Pakistan Television (PTV) in 1984–85, written by Younis Javed and directed by Rashid Dar.

It also had an occasional touch of comic moments, mainly centred upon the character of constable Karam Dad. The leading cast of the series included Irfan Khoosat, Jamil Fakhri, Qavi Khan, Rahat Kazmi and Abid Butt (sub-inspector). The main theme of this TV series was based on the 1983 drama Ragon mein Andhera, which aired on 29 December 1983, that depicted a police team's efforts to fight crime and the spread of narcotics in their locality. This TV drama serial has had numerous reruns and become a cult classic.

Jameel Fakhri
Jamil Fakhri (Urdu: جمیل فخری; 15 September 1946 – 9 June 2011) was a veteran Pakistani film, TV and stage artist. He gained popularity from Pakistan Television Corporation's TV drama serial Andhera Ujala, in which he played the police inspector Jaffer Hussain. In Andhera Ujala, senior police officer Qavi Khan and his team of junior and mid-level police fight crime in their locality, creating both very humorous situations and drawing attention to serious social issues.
Shire of Waggamba
The Shire of Waggamba was a local government area of Queensland, Australia on the Queensland-New South Wales border in the Darling Downs region, surrounding the Town of Goondiwindi, a separate local government area limited to the town. Administered from (although not including) the town of Goondiwindi, it covered an area of 13,400.8 square kilometres (5,174.1 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1879 until 2008, when it amalgamated with the Shire of Inglewood and the Town of Goondiwindi to form the Goondiwindi Region.

Shire of Inglewood
The Shire of Inglewood was a local government area of Queensland, Australia on the Queensland-New South Wales border in the Darling Downs region, about halfway between the towns of Goondiwindi and Warwick. Administered from the town of Inglewood, it covered an area of 5,876.7 square kilometres (2,269.0 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1879 until 2008, when it amalgamated with the Shire of Waggamba and the Town of Goondiwindi to form the Goondiwindi Region.
Richard Henle
Richard Henle (Chinese: 韩理加略; pinyin: Hán Lǐjiālüè, 21 July 1863 – 1 November 1897) was a German Catholic missionary of the Society of the Divine Word in Shandong during the last decade of the 19th century. Together with Franz Xaver Nies, he was one of two missionaries killed in the Juye Incident that led to the German occupation of the Kiautschou Bay concession and was followed by the acquisition of concessions in China by other foreign powers.

Richard Henle arrived in the mission house of the Society of the Divine Word in Styl on 8 October 1880 and was ordained on 15 June 1888 by Cardinal Fischer of Cologne. He embarked on his mission to China from Style on 15 September 1890, traveling through Switzerland to Genoa, where he boarded the ship "Sachsen" to Shanghai on 30 September. The ocean journey went through the Suez canal, made stops in Aden and Colombo, Sri Lanka, before arriving in Shanghai on 5 November 1890.

Franz Xaver Nies
Franz Xaver Nies (Chinese: 能方济; pinyin: Néng Fāngjì, 11 June 1859 – 1 November 1897) was a German Catholic missionary of the Society of the Divine Word in Shandong during the late 19th century. Together with his fellow missionary Richard Henle, he was killed in the Juye Incident that led to the German occupation of the Kiautschou Bay concession and was followed by the acquisition of concessions in China by other foreign powers.

Franz Xaver Nies joined the Society of the Divine Word on 7 May 1879, was ordained as a priest by the Bishop of Roermond on 7 June 1884, and dispatched on his mission to China on 1 January 1885.

In his hometown of Rehringhausen, a road (Pater Franz Xaver Nies Weg) has been named after Franz Xaver Nies.
Chumash Casino Resort
The Chumash Casino Resort is owned and operated by the Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians. Chumash is located near Santa Ynez Airport, in the Santa Ynez Indian Reservation, about 5 miles (8.0 km) east of Solvang, California.

Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians
The Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians is a federally recognized tribe of Chumash, an Indigenous people of California, in Santa Barbara. Their name for themselves is Samala. The locality of Santa Ynez is referred to as ’alaxulapu in Ineseño, a Chumashan language.
Premier League (speedway)
The Premier League was the second tier of speedway in the United Kingdom (with the exception of the 1995 and 1996 seasons) and governed by The Speedway Control Bureau (SCB), in conjunction with the British Speedway Promoters' Association (BSPA). The Premier League was founded in 1995 when the two divisions of the British League were amalgamated. In 1997, the Elite League was created as a new top tier with the Premier League becoming the second tier. The league operated until 2016 when British speedway was restructured with the formation of the SGB Premiership and SGB Championship.

As of 2016, there were 13 teams competing in this tier of British Speedway, contesting 6 competitions for silverware. These competitions were the Premier League, Premier League Cup, Premier League Knockout Cup, Premier League Pairs, Premier League Fours and the Premier League Riders' Championship.

British League
The British League was the main motorcycle speedway league in Britain from its formation in 1965 until 1995 when British speedway was restructured. It initially had a single division, with a second division starting in 1968 (which was renamed the New National League in 1975 and subsequently the National League).

The British League was formed in 1965 following the merger of the National League and the Provincial League. Matches were held over a series of races, with two riders from each team taking part in each race. In 1995 it was replaced by the Premier League for two years before the sport was restructured into three tiers with the formation of the Elite League in 1997. The Championship was decided on a league table basis.
Awutu-Senya (Ghana parliament constituency)
Awutu-Senya is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Awutu-Senya is located in the Awutu/Effutu/Senya district of the Central Region of Ghana. Leading into the 2012 elections the constituency was divided into two Awutu-Senya East and Awutu-Senya West.

Awutu-Senya West (Ghana parliament constituency)
Awutu-Senya West is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Gizella Akushika Tetteh-Agbotui is the member of parliament for the constituency. The Awutu-Senya West constituency is located in the Awutu Senya District of the Central Region of Ghana. In 2012, ahead of the 2012 elections, the Awutu-Senya West Constituency was carved out of the then Awutu-Senya constituency.
Camden South
Camden South is a suburb of the Macarthur Region of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia in Camden Council. It is to the immediate south of Camden, New South Wales and shares the same postcode 2570.

Camden, New South Wales
Camden is a historic town and suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, located 65 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district. Camden was the administrative centre for the local government area of Camden Council until July 2016 and is a part of the Macarthur region.
Independence Day (Philippines)
Independence Day of the Philippines (Filipino: Araw ng Kasarinlán; also known as Araw ng Kalayaan, "Day of Freedom") is a national holiday in the Philippines observed annually on June 12, commemorating the declaration of Philippine independence from Spain in 1898. Since 1978, it has been the country's National Day.

Philippine Declaration of Independence
The Philippine Declaration of Independence (Filipino: Pagpapahayag ng Kasarinlan ng Pilipinas; Spanish: Declaración de Independencia de Filipinas) was proclaimed by Filipino revolutionary forces general Emilio Aguinaldo on June 12, 1898, in Cavite el Viejo (present-day Kawit, Cavite), Philippines. It asserted the sovereignty and independence of the Philippine islands from the 300 years of colonial rule by Spain.
Miss Jummy
Miss Jummy (1883–1889) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare who won two British Classic Races in 1886. In a career that lasted from July 1885 to September 1886 the filly ran fifteen times and won eight races at distances ranging from five furlongs to one and three quarter miles. As a two-year-old in 1885, Miss Jummy won three times from seven starts, but when tried in the highest class she was unplaced behind the future Triple Crown winner Ormonde in the Dewhurst Stakes. In 1886, Miss Jummy was unbeaten when racing against her own age and sex, winning five races including the 1000 Guineas at Newmarket, the Oaks at Epsom, the Nassau Stakes at Goodwood and the Park Hill Stakes at Doncaster. She was unsuccessful in open competition, finishing unplaced in the Grand Prix de Paris and the Eclipse Stakes. At the end of 1886 she was retired to stud where her record was disappointing.

Ormonde (horse)
Ormonde (18 March 1883–21 May 1904) was an undefeated English Thoroughbred racehorse who won the 1886 English Triple Crown and was labelled the 'horse of the century' at the time. He also won the St. James's Palace Stakes, Champion Stakes and the Hardwicke Stakes twice. Ormonde was trained at Kingsclere by John Porter for the 1st Duke of Westminster. His regular jockeys were Fred Archer and Tom Cannon. After retiring from racing he suffered fertility problems, but still sired Orme, who won the Eclipse Stakes twice.