hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mahasu Pahari
Mahasu Pahari (Takri: 𑚢𑚩𑚭𑚨𑚱 𑚞𑚩𑚭𑚪𑚯) is a Western Pahari (Himachali, Takri: 𑚩𑚮𑚢𑚭𑚏𑚥𑚯) language spoken in Himachal Pradesh. It is also known as Mahasui or Mahasuvi. The speaking population is about 1,000,000 (2001). It is more commonly spoken in Himachal Pradesh's Shimla and Solan districts, in western parts of Uttarkashi district in Uttarakhand and in Kalka and Pinjore of Panchkula district in Haryana. It is to be known that Shimla and Solan were parts of the old Mahasu district. Himachal Pradesh State on 1 September 1972 reorganised the districts dissolving Mahasu district. The Solan district was carved out of Solan and Arki tehsils of the then Mahasu district and tehsils of Kandaghat and Nalagarh of the then Shimla District of Punjab.

Takri script
The Tākri script (Takri (Chamba): 𑚔𑚭𑚊𑚤𑚯; Takri (Jammu/Dogra): 𑠔𑠬𑠊𑠤𑠮; sometimes called Tankri 𑚔𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚤𑚯) is an abugida writing system of the Brahmic family of scripts. It is derived from the Sharada script formerly employed for Kashmiri. It is the sister script of Laṇḍā scripts. It has another variant Dogra Takri (also known as Dogra Akkhar) employed in Jammu region. There are numerous varieties present throughout Himachal Pradesh. Until the late 1940s, the adapted version of the script (called Dogri, Dogra or Dogra Akkhar) was the official script for writing Punjabi in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. Throughout the history, different kingdoms of what now forms Himachal Pradesh used their own variety to maintain their records. The Takri script used in Sirmour in Himachal Pradesh and in the adjacent region of Jaunsar-Bawar in Uttarakhand has some distinction.
Combo box
A combo box is a commonly used graphical user interface widget (or control). Traditionally, it is a combination of a drop-down list or list box and a single-line editable textbox, allowing the user to either type a value directly or select a value from the list. The term "combo box" is sometimes used to mean "drop-down list". In both Java and .NET, "combo box" is not a synonym for "drop-down list". Definition of "drop down list" is sometimes clarified with terms such as "non-editable combo box" (or something similar) to distinguish it from "combo box".

To make a combo box like shown in the image above in HTML, one can write the following code:

List box
A list box is a  graphical control element that allows the user to select one or more items from a list contained within a static, multiple line text box. The user clicks inside the box on an item to select it, sometimes in combination with the ⇧ Shift or Ctrl in order to make multiple selections. "Control-clicking" an item that has already been selected, unselects it.

A list box is called select or select1 in the XForms standard.  Select is used for allowing the user to select many items from a list whereas select1 only allows the user to select a single item from a list.
Solitude Palace
Solitude Palace (German: Schloss Solitude) is a Rococo schloss and hunting retreat commissioned by Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg. It was designed by Johann Friedrich Weyhing and Philippe de La Guêpière, and constructed from 1764 to 1769. It is located on an elongated ridge between the towns of Leonberg, Gerlingen and Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg.

Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg
Charles Eugene (German: Carl Eugen; 11 February 1728 – 24 October 1793) was the Duke of Württemberg, and the eldest son, and successor, of Charles Alexander; his mother was Princess Marie Auguste of Thurn and Taxis.
American Insurance Ass'n v. Garamendi
American Insurance Association v. Garamendi, 539 U.S. 396 (2003), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States invalidated a California law that required any insurance company wishing to do business in the state to publish information regarding insurance policies held by persons in Europe from 1920 through 1945.

American Insurance Association
The American Insurance Association (AIA) is an insurance industry trade association representing about 300 insurance companies that provide property insurance and/or casualty insurance in the United States.
Varaldsøy Municipality
Varaldsøy is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The 83.1-square-kilometre (32.1 sq mi) municipality existed from 1902 until its dissolution in 1965. The area is now divided between Kvinnherad Municipality and Kvam Municipality in the traditional district of Hardanger in Vestland county. The administrative centre was the village of Våge on the south part of the island of Varaldsøy. Other villages in the municipality included Mundheim and Gjermundshamn.

Prior to its dissolution in 1965, the 83.1-square-kilometre (32.1 sq mi) municipality was the 438th largest by area out of the 525 municipalities in Norway. Varaldsøy Municipality was the 502nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 809. The municipality's population density was 9.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (25/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 0.9% over the previous 10-year period.

Varaldsøy
Varaldsøy is an island (and village) in Kvinnherad Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 45.4-square-kilometre (17.5 sq mi) island is the largest island in the Hardangerfjorden. Most of the inhabitants live on the southern tip of the island in the village of Varaldsøy, where Varaldsøy Church is located. The 600-metre (2,000 ft) tall mountain Øyefjellet is the highest point on the island.
EMD MP15DC
The EMD MP15, sometimes referenced as MP15DC, is a 1,500 hp (1,119 kW) diesel–electric road switcher locomotive model produced by General Motors' Electro-Motive Division between 1974 and 1980. It was equipped with a V12 12-645E engine sporting a Roots blower. The length was either 47 ft 8 in (14.53 m) or 48 ft 8 in (14.83 m) depending on the build date.

The early MP15 and the SW1500 were similar in appearance and applications. They were fitted with the same engine in a similar appearance. The primary difference is the MP15's standard Blomberg B trucks.

EMD MP15AC
The EMD MP15AC is a 1,500 hp (1,120 kW) diesel road switcher locomotive built by General Motors' Electro-Motive Division between August 1975 and August 1984. A variant of the EMD MP15DC with an AC/DC transmission, 246 examples were built, including 25 for export to Mexico, and four built in Canada.
Saskatoon Berries (baseball)
The Saskatoon Berries are a collegiate summer baseball team based in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Founded in 2023, the team began play in the Western Canadian Baseball League (WCBL) in 2024. The Berries host games at Cairns Field.

Western Canadian Baseball League
The Western Canadian Baseball League (WCBL) is a collegiate summer baseball league. The league is home to teams based in the Canadian Prairie provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta, and has roots dating back to 1931 in Saskatchewan's Southern Baseball League. In 1975, the province's southern and northern leagues merged, creating the foundation for the WCBL. Today, the league boasts seven teams in Alberta and five in Saskatchewan.
Overbrook High School (New Jersey)
Overbrook High School is a comprehensive community four-year public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from Pine Hill, in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as the lone secondary school of the Pine Hill Schools. The high school also serves the communities of Berlin Township and Clementon through sending/receiving relationships with their respective school districts. School colors are orange and blue.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 846 students and 59.3 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 14.3:1. There were 411 students (48.6% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 89 (10.5% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Berlin Township, New Jersey
Berlin Township is a township in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 5,867, an increase of 510 (+9.5%) from the 2010 census count of 5,357, which in turn reflected an increase of 67 (+1.3%) from the 5,290 counted in the 2000 census.
Abaz Kupi
Abaz Kupi (6 August 1892 – 17 January 1976;  also rendered Abas Kupi) was an Albanian military officer.

Kupi was born in Krujë. He served as commander of the gendarmerie of the town of Kruja, and later of the town of Durrës. As a royalist, he created the Legality Movement in Albania, which promoted the return to the throne of Zog of Albania. During the Cold War Kupi was a member of the Free Albania National Committee, which intended to overthrow the communist regime in Albania and to return the monarchy.

He was later awarded the Military Order of Bravery (Brave Class).

Free Albania National Committee
"Free Albania" National Committee (Albanian: Komiteti Kombëtar "Shqipëria e Lirë"), also known as "Free Albania" National-Democratic Committee, also National Committee for a Free Albania or NCFA, was a political organization of post-World War II Albanian emigres based in the Western countries. It was supported by the CIA as part of the Albanian Subversion and was a member of the  National Committee for a Free Europe. The committee's aim was organizing the Albanian diaspora and cooperating with western powers in overthrowing Enver Hoxha's Communist regime in Albania.The committee's creation was initiated in Rome and was completed in Paris in the summer of 1949.
NI Multisim
NI Multisim (formerly MultiSIM) is an electronic schematic capture and simulation program which is part of a suite of circuit design programs, along with NI Ultiboard. Multisim is one of the few circuit design programs to employ the original Berkeley SPICE based software simulation. Multisim was originally created by a company named Electronics Workbench Group, which is now a division of National Instruments. Multisim includes microcontroller simulation (formerly known as MultiMCU), as well as integrated import and export features to the printed circuit board layout software in the suite, NI Ultiboard.

Multisim is widely used in academia and industry for circuits education, electronic schematic design and SPICE simulation.

National Instruments
The National Instruments Corporation, often abbreviated as NI, is an American multinational company headquartered in Austin, Texas. It is a producer of automated test equipment, semiconductor production equipment, and virtual instrumentation software. Common applications include data acquisition (DAQ), instrument control, system management, machine learning, and vision. Following its acquisition by Emerson Electric in October 2023, NI has operated as the company’s test and measurement business unit.

In 2022, NI sold products to more than 35,000 companies worldwide, with revenues of $1.66 billion USD.
El Chaval de la Bachata
Linar Espinal (Juncalito, Jánico, December 4, 1978), better known as El Chaval de la Bachata, is a Dominican musician, singer, composer and producer.

He began his career in 1994 with the help of businessman Nepo Núñez with the musical group Los Infantiles del Amargue, launching as a solo artist under the Nepo Nuñez Records label with his first production titled Sentimiento Único (1997), which included the hit "Cuando el Amor se va".

He is a composer and performer of important songs in the bachata genre like "Donde Están Esos Amigos", "Estoy Perdido", "No Soy tu Marido" and "Canalla" with Romeo Santos, among others. During his career has obtained awards and nominations at events like the Soberano Awards and the Billboard Latin Music Awards, and he has recorded with artists like Romeo Santos, Luis Vargas, Gerardo Morán, Luis Gonzaga Segura, Leonardo Paniagua and Luis Miguel del Amargue, among others.

Romeo Santos
Anthony "Romeo" Santos (born July 21, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He first rose to prominence as the lead vocalist and frontman of the bachata group Aventura, one of the most influential Latin music bands of the 2000s. Santos later established a successful solo career, achieving seven number-one songs on Billboard's Hot Latin Songs chart and eighteen number-one hits on the Tropical Airplay chart. He has sold over 24 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling Latin music artists of all time.
Louisy Joseph
Lydy Louisy-Joseph (born 14 April 1978), better known by the shorter name Louisy Joseph, is a French singer of Martinique origin. She first joined the French series of Popstars as part of the girl band L5, and since 2008 has been performing as a solo singer.

L5 (group)
L5 was a French girl group. They were known for their participation in the French Popstars TV programme in its first season in  2001.
L5 reached the 54th position in the list of French best-selling singles and held the number 1 position in the list of French number-one hits of 2001 with their song "Toutes les femmes de ta vie". They toured in France with Jérémy Chatelain in 2003 and with Billy Crawford in 2006. "Make a Change", on the album Destiny by No Angels, is an English-language remake of L5's single "Reste Encore" (2003).
FAST TCP
FAST TCP (also written FastTCP) is a TCP congestion avoidance algorithm especially targeted at long-distance, high latency links, developed at the Netlab, California Institute of Technology and now being commercialized by FastSoft. FastSoft was acquired by Akamai Technologies in 2012.

FastTCP is compatible with existing TCP algorithms, requiring modification only to the computer which is sending data.

TCP congestion control
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) uses a congestion control algorithm that includes various aspects of an additive increase/multiplicative decrease (AIMD) scheme, along with other schemes including slow start and a congestion window (CWND), to achieve congestion avoidance. The TCP congestion-avoidance algorithm is the primary basis for congestion control in the Internet. Per the end-to-end principle, congestion control is largely a function of internet hosts, not the network itself. There are several variations and versions of the algorithm implemented in protocol stacks of operating systems of computers that connect to the Internet.

To avoid congestive collapse, TCP uses a multi-faceted congestion-control strategy. For each connection, TCP maintains a CWND, limiting the total number of unacknowledged packets that may be in transit end-to-end. This is somewhat analogous to TCP's sliding window used for flow control.
Marshall Warren Nirenberg
Marshall Warren Nirenberg (April 10, 1927 – January 15, 2010) was an American biochemist and geneticist. He shared a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 with Har Gobind Khorana and Robert W. Holley for "breaking the genetic code" and describing how it operates in protein synthesis. In the same year, together with Har Gobind Khorana, he was awarded the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University.

Genetic code
Genetic code is a set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences of nucleotide triplets or codons) into proteins. Translation is accomplished by the ribosome, which links proteinogenic amino acids in an order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA), using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.

The codons specify which amino acid will be added next during protein biosynthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid. The vast majority of genes are encoded with a single scheme (see the RNA codon table). That scheme is often called the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code, though variant codes (such as in mitochondria) exist.
Lodovica Comello
Lodovica Comello (born 13 April 1990) is an Italian actress, television presenter, singer and dancer. She gained international popularity for her role as Francesca in the Argentine Disney Channel series Violetta.

Violetta (TV series)
Violetta is an Argentine telenovela filmed in Buenos Aires, Argentina and developed by Disney Channel Latin America and Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) and production company Pol-ka, debuted in Argentina, Latin America and Italy on 14 May 2012.

Violetta tells the story of a musically talented teenager (played by Martina Stoessel) who returns to her native Argentina with her father, Germán (played by Diego Ramos), after living in Europe for several years, navigating the trials and tribulations of growing up.

Each episode includes original musical numbers from diverse musical genres such as pop music and Latin music.
Fixin
Fixin (French pronunciation: [fisɛ̃]) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne region on the Grand Crus route in eastern France. The French archaeologist Roland Martin (1912–1997) died in Fixin.

Route des Grands Crus
The Route des Grands Crus (French pronunciation: [ʁut de ɡʁɑ̃ kʁy]; roughly, "road of the great wines") is the name of a tourist route situated in Burgundy, France.

The approximately 60-kilometre route runs along the foot of the Côte d'Or escarpment, from Dijon in the north to Santenay in the south. Thus it runs through many of the great appellations of Burgundy wine, hence the name of the route. It takes the visitor through the vineyards of the Côte de Nuits and the Côte de Beaune and the back hills (Hautes-Côtes) behind and above the wine slopes.

It is punctuated by 33 villages or little towns, including Beaune, many of which have picturesque churches.
Blind write
In computing, a blind write, also known as a write-only transaction, occurs when a transaction writes a value without reading it. In particular, if a read r(X) of a resource X does not occur before a write w(X) to that resource in a transaction, then w(X) is blind write.

Blind writes can cause anomalies if multiple different blind write transactions are executed at the same time.

Any view serializable schedule that is not conflict serializable must contain a blind write.

Database transaction schedule
In the fields of databases and transaction processing (transaction management), a schedule (or history) of a system is an abstract model to describe the order of executions in a set of transactions running in the system. Often it is a list of operations (actions) ordered by time, performed by a set of transactions that are executed together in the system. If the order in time between certain operations is not determined by the system, then a partial order is used. Examples of such operations are requesting a read operation, reading, writing, aborting, committing, requesting a lock, locking, etc. Often, only a subset of the transaction operation types are included in a schedule.

Schedules are fundamental concepts in database concurrency control theory. In practice, most general purpose database systems employ conflict-serializable and strict recoverable schedules.
Sportpark De Toekomst
Sportcomplex De Toekomst (Dutch for Sporting complex The Future) is a sporting complex in Ouder-Amstel, Netherlands, owned by Ajax. The complex comprises nine football fields and is located close to the Johan Cruyff Arena and on the outskirts of Amsterdam. Its main field has seating capacity for 2,250 people.

The facility serves as the home grounds of Ajax Women, which competes in the Eredivisie Vrouwen, the reserves team Jong Ajax, which competes in the Eerste Divisie, as well as Ajax Amateurs, which competes in the Derde Divisie.

De Toekomst also serves as the training grounds for the first team of Ajax as well as for the Ajax Youth Academy; A-juniors (A1, A2), B-juniors (B1, B2), C-juniors (C1, C2), D-pupils (D1, D2, D3), E-pupils (E1, E2, E3) and the F-pupils (F1, F2, F3). It also serves as the home of the Future Cup, an International tournament for under-17 youth teams, which was named after the sport park.

Jong Ajax
Jong Ajax (Dutch pronunciation: [jɔŋ ˈaːjɑks]; lit. 'Young Ajax'), also referred to as Ajax II or Ajax 2, is the reserve team of Ajax. Based at the club's training complex, Sportpark De Toekomst, in Amsterdam, it has competed in the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of Dutch professional football, since 2013.

Jong Ajax is the only reserve side to have won a Dutch professional league title, claiming the 2017–18 Eerste Divisie with a squad that included Noussair Mazraoui, Noa Lang and Danilho Doekhi. Under national regulations, the team cannot be promoted to the Eredivisie or enter the KNVB Cup. Its primary purpose is to develop players for Ajax's senior squad.
Alianza Federal de Mercedes
Alianza Federal de Mercedes, which in English translates to Federal Land Grant Alliance, was a group led by Reies Tijerina based in New Mexico in the 1960s that fought for the land rights of Hispano New Mexicans.

The Alianza had affiliates in Tierra Amarilla, New Mexico and San Luis, Colorado.

Hispano residents had settled in the areas of northern New Mexico and southern Colorado centuries before.  Under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the United States Congress ostensibly guaranteed that current residents would retain their land rights after the New Mexico Territory was transferred to U.S. ownership. However, by the 1960s, many traditional shepherds had lost their land to cattle ranchers and the U.S. Forest Service.

Justice is Our Creed and the Land is Our Heritage.— Alianza Federal de Mercedes' slogan,

Reies Tijerina
Reies López Tijerina (September 21, 1926 – January 19, 2015), was an activist who led a struggle in the 1960s and 1970s to restore New Mexican land grants to the descendants of their Spanish colonial and Mexican owners. As a vocal spokesman for the rights of Hispanos and Mexican Americans, he became a major figure of the early Chicano Movement (although he preferred "Indohispano" as a name for his people) and founded the Alianza Federal de Mercedes. As an activist, he worked in community education and organization, media relations, and land reclamations. He became famous and infamous internationally for his 1967 armed raid on the Tierra Amarilla courthouse located on the Tierra Amarilla Land Grant whose lands, originally designated for Hispanic settlers, had largely been acquired by Anglo ranchers and land developers.
Holbrook, Arizona
Holbrook (Navajo: Tʼiisyaakin) is a city in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. As of the 2020 census, Holbrook had a population of 4,858. The city is the county seat of Navajo County.

Holbrook was founded in 1881 or 1882, when the railroad was built, and named to honor the first chief engineer of the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad, Henry Randolph Holbrook.

Show Low, Arizona
Show Low is a city in Navajo County, Arizona.  It lies on the Mogollon Rim in east central Arizona, at an elevation of 6,345 feet (1,934 m). The city was established in 1870 and incorporated in 1953. According to the 2020 United States census, the population of the city was 11,732.
131 Commando Squadron Royal Engineers
131 Commando Squadron Royal Engineers is an Army Reserve unit and part of 24 Commando Regiment Royal Engineers. It provides engineering support to UK Commando Force. (3 Cdo Bde RM) and is the largest Army Reserve Commando unit. The squadron has deployed worldwide to provide combat engineer support to the UKCF, often deploying in small sub-units. 131 was first raised in 1947 as an airborne engineer regiment, and reached a strength of over 1,000 trained parachute engineers by the early 1960s. Between 1 April 1978 and 1 October 2015, the unit was an independent Commando squadron under operational command of HQ 3 Cdo Bde RM. On 2 October 2015, it formally became the third squadron of 24 Commando Engineer Regiment.

299 Parachute Squadron, Royal Engineers
299 Parachute Squadron, Royal Engineers (299 Para Sqn) is a specialist field engineer squadron of the British Army's Corps of Royal Engineers and the only reserve parachute unit of the corps.  Formed in 1947 as an airborne field squadron, 299 Para Sqn would see many reorganisations and new roles, until 2006 when it took on the parachute role it maintains today.  As of 2021, it is the only reserve parachute-trained squadron of the Royal Engineers.