hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Emile Chappuis
Paul Émile Chappuis (1816-1887) was a photographer, an inventor and manufacturer of daylight reflectors .

Born in Paris 1816, Chappuis moved to London where he ran a photographic studio at 69 Fleet Street between 1859 and 1871.
He also patented different types of light reflector, that would allow natural light into buildings that would otherwise require gaslights during daytime. 
He set up a company to manufacture reflectors in 1856 on the basis of his 1853 and 1855 patents for different types of reflector: myriastratic or diamond-shaped, silver fluted glass, argento-crystal, and luminarium reflector. 
He was declared bankrupt in 1859, and briefly imprisoned for debt.
However his business recovered, and was reformed as a limited company in 1868.

He died at Brixton on 20 May 1887 and was buried at West Norwood Cemetery.

Chappuis' firm continued manufacturing reflectors in London until the factory was destroyed by bombing in 1943.

Light tube
Light tubes (also known as solar pipes, tubular skylights or sun tunnels) are structures that transmit or distribute natural or artificial light for the purpose of illumination and are examples of optical waveguides.

In their application to daylighting, they are also often called tubular daylighting devices, sun pipes, sun scopes, or daylight pipes. They can be divided into two broad categories: hollow structures that contain the light with reflective surfaces; and transparent solids that contain the light by total internal reflection. Principles of nonimaging optics govern the flow of light through them.
Cameroon men's national basketball team
The Cameroon national basketball team (French: Équipe nationale de basketball de Camerounaise) represents Cameroon in men's international competitions. It is administered by the Fédération Camerounaise de Basketball.

Once an only average team, Cameroon has turned into a major force and contender for the title of the African Basketball Championship. Their best achievement was reaching the Silver Medal in 2007. Since the late 2000s, the team has competed well against non-African competition, too.

At the FIBA AfroBasket 2025, Cameroon reached the semifinals for a third time and finished fourth again. Yves Missi featured for the team, becoming the first active NBA player to represent the country since Luc Mbah a Moute in 2013.

FIBA AfroBasket 2025
FIBA AfroBasket 2025 was the 31st edition of the FIBA AfroBasket, a men's basketball continental championship of Africa. The tournament was hosted by Angola for the fourth time between 12 and 24 August.

Tunisia are the two-time defending champion, having won the 2017 and 2021 tournaments. However, they were eliminated by Cape Verde in the playoff round. Angola won a record-extending twelfth title, after defeating first-time finalists Mali in the final. Senegal finished in third place for a third time in a row, after beating Cameroon. Angola's Childe Dundão won MVP honours.
Santiago Apóstol Parish (Tequixquiac)
Santiago Apóstol parish is the Catholic church and parish house of the people of downtown Santiago Tequixquiac, in the Diocese of Cuautitlán in Mexico It is dedicated to Saint James Apostle and includes a sanctuary where the image of Lord of the Chapel is venerated. It is located in the center of town, near Plaza Cuautémoc, by Juárez Avenue. The colonial building in the municipality of Tequixquiac is a monument of great architectural importance, remaining intact to this day.

Santiago Tequixquiac
Santiago Tequixquiac (or Tequixquiac in Nahuatl and Nthehe in Otomi), is a town and municipal seat from municipality of Tequixquiac in the State of Mexico, in Mexico. As of 2010, the village had a total population of 22,676.
Cyborg
A cyborg (/ˈsaɪbɔːrɡ/) is a being with both organic and biomechatronic body parts. It is a portmanteau of cybernetic and organism. The term was coined in 1960 by Manfred Clynes and Nathan S. Kline. In contrast to biorobots and androids, the term cyborg applies to a living organism that has undergone restoration of function or enhancements of abilities due to the integration of some artificial component or technology that relies on feedback.

Cyborg Foundation
The Cyborg Foundation is a nonprofit organization created in 2010 by cyborg activists and artists Moon Ribas and Neil Harbisson. The foundation is a platform for the research, creation and promotion of projects related to extending and creating new senses and perceptions by applying technology to the human body. The Cyborg Foundation was first housed in Tecnocampus Scientific Park (Barcelona) and is currently based in New York City. It collaborates with several institutions, universities and research centers around the world.

Their mission is to assist humans in becoming cyborgs, promote the use of cybernetics as part of the human body and defend cyborg rights. 
They have donated cyborg antennas to blind communities and have taught the use of colour-sensing technology to blind children to help them develop the sense of colour. The foundation believes that some cybernetic extensions should be treated as body parts, not as devices.
Marietta T. Webb
Marietta Thomas Webb (1864–1951) was one of the first African American Christian Science practitioners, and her testimony was selected to appear in Mary Baker Eddy's book Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures.

Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures
Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures by Mary Baker Eddy is, along with the Bible, one of two central texts of the Christian Science religion. Eddy described it as her "most important work." She began writing it in February 1872, and the first edition was published in 1875. She would continue editing it and adding to it for the rest of her life.

The book was selected as one of the "75 Books By Women Whose Words Have Changed The World", by the Women's National Book Association.

In 2001 the book had sold over nine million copies, and as of 2024, it eclipsed ten million copies.
Dagmar of Bohemia
Dagmar of Bohemia (also known as Margaret, Czech: Markéta; c. 1186 – 24 May 1212 in Ribe) was Queen of Denmark as the first spouse of King Valdemar II. She was the daughter of King Ottokar I of Bohemia and his first wife, Adelaide of Meissen.

Ottokar I of Bohemia
Ottokar I (Czech: Přemysl Otakar I.; c. 1155 – 1230) was Duke of Bohemia periodically beginning in 1192, then acquired the title of King of Bohemia, first in 1198 from Philip of Swabia, later in 1203 from Otto IV of Brunswick and in 1212 (as hereditary) from Frederick II.  Ottokar was the first hereditary King of Bohemia; although two previous Bohemian monarchs (Vratislaus and Vladislaus II) had held the title of King, in each case the title was awarded only for the life of the recipient. He was an eminent member of the Přemyslid dynasty.
Royal National Mòd
The Royal National Mòd (Scottish Gaelic: Am Mòd Nàiseanta Rìoghail) is an Eisteddfod-inspired international Celtic festival focusing upon Scottish Gaelic literature, traditional music, and culture which is held annually in Scotland. It is the largest of several major Scottish Mòds and is often referred to simply as the Mòd.

The Mòd is run by An Comunn Gàidhealach (The Gaelic Association) and includes competitions and awards.

An Comunn Gàidhealach
An Comunn Gàidhealach (Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [əŋ ˈkʰomən̪ˠ ˈkɛːəl̪ˠəx] ⓘ; literally "The Gaelic Association"), commonly known as An Comunn, is a Scottish organisation that supports and promotes the Scottish Gaelic language and Scottish Gaelic culture and history at local, national and international levels. The society is closely associated with the Royal National Mòd. The symbol used for An Comunn Gàidhealach is the Irish Sunburst flag at the top also a symbol associated in Irish mythology and the Celtic harp on the bottom right.
IPadOS 18
iPadOS 18 is the sixth major release of Apple's iPadOS operating system for the iPad. It was revealed at the 2024 Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC). It is the direct successor to iPadOS 17 and was announced alongside iOS 18, macOS Sequoia, visionOS 2, watchOS 11, and tvOS 18.

iPadOS 18 is the first version of iPadOS to include Apple’s Calculator application for iPad, as well as Apple Intelligence.

iPadOS 18 is the final version of iPadOS that supports the seventh-generation iPad.

VisionOS
visionOS is an extended reality operating system derived primarily from iPadOS and its core frameworks (including UIKit, SwiftUI, ARKit and RealityKit), and MR-specific frameworks for foveated rendering and real-time interaction. It was developed by Apple exclusively for its Apple Vision Pro mixed reality headset. It was unveiled on June 5, 2023, at Apple's WWDC23 event alongside the reveal of the Apple Vision Pro. The software released on February 2, 2024, shipping with the Apple Vision Pro.
Luke Holland
Luke Daniel Holland  (born June 14, 1993) is an American musician, popular for his playthrough videos and having previously played in The Word Alive. He has recorded drums for many artists including Jason Richardson, I See Stars, and Falling in Reverse. He is currently the drummer for Falling in Reverse.

Jason Richardson (musician)
Jason Reeves Richardson (born July 30, 1991) is an American guitarist. He is known for his work as a guitarist in Born of Osiris, Chelsea Grin, and All That Remains. He currently works as a solo artist.
Golden Gate
The Golden Gate is a strait on the west coast of North America that connects San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean. It is defined by the headlands of the San Francisco Peninsula and the Marin Peninsula, and, since 1937, has been spanned by the Golden Gate Bridge. The entire shoreline and adjacent waters throughout the strait are managed by the Golden Gate National Recreation Area.

Marin Headlands
The Marin Headlands are a hilly peninsula at the southernmost end of Marin County, California, United States, located just north of San Francisco across the Golden Gate Bridge, which connects the two counties and peninsulas. The entire area is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. The Headlands are famous for their views of the Bay Area, especially of the Golden Gate Bridge.
Connecticut Bicentennials
The Connecticut Bicentennials were an American soccer team that competed in the North American Soccer League (NASL) from 1975 to 1977. Originally founded as the Hartford Bicentennials, the team relocated to New Haven, Connecticut after the 1976 NASL season.  At the end of 1977 season, the team was sold and relocated to California becoming the Oakland Stompers.

Oakland Stompers
The Oakland Stompers were a soccer team based out of Oakland, California that played the 1978 season in the North American Soccer League (NASL). The Stompers played in the Western Division of the American Conference and finished the year with a 12–18 record, in third place and out of playoff contention.

The name is also used by a National Premier Soccer League club, active since 2021.
Rodney ward
Rodney Ward is a local government area in the northernmost part of New Zealand's Auckland Region, created along with the Auckland Council in 2010. The area was previously part of Rodney District; it does not include the Hibiscus Coast, which was also part of Rodney District but is now in Albany ward. The Rodney Local Board area has the same boundaries as Rodney Ward.

Rodney Local Board
Rodney Local Board is one of the 21 local boards of Auckland Council, and is administered by the ward councillor representing Rodney Ward. Located in the northern part of the Auckland region, it is named after the former Rodney District which existed before its amalgamation into Auckland Council in 2010. Nine elected Local Board members sit on the board.

The Rodney Local Board is charged with decision-making on local issues, activities, and services, and provide input into regional strategies, policies, plans, and decisions.
University of Central Asia
The University of Central Asia (UCA; Russian: Университет Центральной Азии) is a private secular university in Bishkek, Chüy Region, Kyrgyzstan.

It was founded by an international charter between the governments of Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan in partnership with the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) in 2000. UCA's first undergraduate campus opened in 2016 in Naryn, Kyrgyzstan, and was followed by a second campus in Khorog, Tajikistan (2017). The University has three schools: School of Arts and Sciences (SAS), Graduate School of Development (GSD) and School of Professional and Continuing Education (SPCE). The School of Arts and Sciences offers four undergraduate programmes on its two campuses. A third campus in Tekeli, Kazakhstan is currently in the planning phase.

Naryn
Naryn (/nəˈrɪn/ nə-RIN; Kyrgyz: Нарын [nɑˈɾɯn]ⓘ) is the regional administrative center of Naryn Region in central Kyrgyzstan. Its area is 84 square kilometres (32 sq mi), and its estimated population was 41,178 as of January 2021. The town was established as a fortress on the caravan route in 1868. It is situated on both banks of the river Naryn (one of the main headwaters of the Syr Darya), which cuts a picturesque gorge through the town. The city has two regional museums and some hotels, but is otherwise residential.
The Mission (play)
The Mission: Memory of a Revolution (Der Auftrag: Erinnerungen an eine Revolution), also known as The Task, is a postmodern drama by the (formerly East) German playwright Heiner Müller. The play was written and first published in 1979. Müller and his wife Ginka Cholakova co-directed its first theatrical production in 1980, at the intimate 'Theatre im 3.Stock' studio space of the Volksbühne in Berlin (opening on 16 November). Müller also directed a full-house production in 1982 at the Bochum Theatre in West Germany.

Heiner Müller
Heiner Müller (German: [haɪnɐ ˈmʏlɐ]; 9 January 1929 – 30 December 1995) was a German (formerly East German) dramatist, poet, writer, essayist and theatre director. His "enigmatic, fragmentary pieces" are a significant contribution to postmodern drama and postdramatic theatre.
Mervin Tran
Mervin Tran (born September 22, 1990) is a retired Canadian pair skater.

Competing for Japan with former partner Narumi Takahashi, he is the 2012 World bronze medalist, the 2010 World Junior silver medalist, the 2010 JGP Final champion, and 2008–10 Japanese national champion. They were the first pair to win a World medal for Japan. After their partnership ended, Tran competed one season with Natasha Purich for Canada. Competing for the United States with Marissa Castelli, he is the 2017 U.S. national silver medalist. Following Castelli's retirement, he briefly competed with Olivia Serafini for the United States. As of 2022, Mervin coaches in the New York area.

Marissa Castelli
Marissa Castelli (born August 20, 1990) is an American retired pair skater. With her skating partner, Mervin Tran, she is the 2017 U.S. national silver medalist.

With her former partner, Simon Shnapir, she is the 2013 Four Continents bronze medalist, the 2009 World Junior bronze medalist, and a two-time U.S. national champion (2013 & 2014). The pair won a bronze medal in the team event at the 2014 Winter Olympics.
Stagonolepis
Stagonolepis is an extinct genus of stagonolepidid aetosaur known from the Late Triassic (Carnian stage) Hassberge Formation of Germany, the Drawno Beds of Poland, and the Lossiemouth Sandstone of Scotland. Supposed fossils from North and South America have been placed into their own genera, Calyptosuchus and Aetosauroides, respectively.

Calyptosuchus
Calyptosuchus (meaning "covered crocodile") is an extinct genus of aetosaur from the Late Triassic of North America. Like other aetosaurs, it was heavily armored and had a pig-like snout used to uproot plants.
Lincoln sign
Lincoln sign is the medical sign consisting of excessive popliteal artery pulsation due to hemodynamic effects of aortic regurgitation. This sign is associated with Marfan syndrome, in which aortic root dilation and aortic incompetence are common features.

Aortic regurgitation
Aortic regurgitation (AR), also known as aortic insufficiency (AI), is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. As a consequence, the cardiac muscle is forced to work harder than normal.
Sunil Chhatrapal Kedar
Sunil Chhatrapal Kedar (born 7 April 1961) is a former Cabinet Minister in the Maharashtra government and  Member Of Maharashtra Legislative AssemblyFrom Savner Assembly Constituency and an Indian politician of Indian National Congress who was born in Nagpur. Sunil Kedar is son of late former Maharashtra minister and pioneer of co-operative movement in Nagpur district, Chhatrapal Kedar (Also known as Babasaheb Kedar).

Savner Assembly constituency
Savner Assembly constituency formerly Saoner is one of twelve constituencies of the Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha located in Nagpur district.

It is a part of the Ramtek Lok Sabha constituency (SC) from Nagpur district along with five other assembly constituencies, viz. Katol, Hingna, Umred (SC), Kamthi and Ramtek Assembly constituency.

On 24 December 2023, Savner Assembly Constituency became vacant as Sunil Chhatrapal Kedar was disqualified from the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.
Bethel Baptist Church (Fairview, Kentucky)
Bethel Baptist Church is a historic Southern Baptist church near U.S. Route 68 in Fairview, Kentucky. It occupies the site where Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America, was born in 1808. The current structure was built in 1901 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

Fairview, Kentucky
Fairview is a small census-designated place on the boundary between Christian and Todd counties in the western part of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 258, down from the 2010 census total of 286, with 186 living in Christian County and 100 living in Todd County. It is chiefly notable as the birthplace of Jefferson Davis, later President of the Confederate States of America, and as the location of the Jefferson Davis State Historic Site.
Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning is any cleaning process for clothing and textiles using a solvent other than water. Clothes are instead soaked in a water-free liquid organic solvent (usually non-polar, as opposed to water which is a polar solvent) typically inside a specialised dry-cleaning machine. The most commonly used solvent is Perchloroethylene (known as "PCE" or "perc" for short), although other solvents such as hydrocarbon mixtures and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane are also used. Historical solvents include carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, trichlorotrifluoroethane, trichloroethane and n-propyl bromide.

Most natural fibers can be washed in water but some synthetics (e.g., rayon) react poorly with water and should be dry cleaned if possible. If not, this could result in changes in texture, colour, strength, and shape. Additionally, certain specialty fabrics, including silk, acetate and rayon, may also benefit from dry cleaning to prevent damage.

Carbon tetrachloride
Carbon tetrachloride, also known by many other names (such as carbon tet for short and tetrachloromethane, also recognised by the IUPAC), is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CCl4. It is a volatile, non-flammable, dense, colourless liquid with a chloroform-like sweet odour that can be detected at low levels. It was formerly widely used in fire extinguishers, as a precursor to refrigerants, an anthelmintic and a cleaning agent, but has since been phased out because of environmental and safety concerns. Exposure to high concentrations of carbon tetrachloride can affect the central nervous system and degenerate the liver and kidneys. Prolonged exposure can be fatal.
1992–1998
1992–1998 (also known as Bedhead: 1992–1998) is a compilation boxed set by the American band Bedhead containing all three of their studio albums as well as early singles and extended plays. It was released on November 11, 2014, by the Numero Group. The boxset was released on compact disc and vinyl formats, with the LP edition being limited to 2,000 copies. Along with the release of this boxset, all three Bedhead albums were also released separately on LP formats; however, this set's fourth disc, Singles/EPs/B-Sides, is exclusive to this release only.

Bedhead (band)
Bedhead was an American indie rock band, active from 1988 to 1998, based in Dallas, Texas. Members consisted of Matt and Bubba Kadane (vocals and guitar), Tench Coxe (guitar), Kris Wheat (bass), and Trini Martinez (drums). The band released several EPs and three LPs on Trance Syndicate, touring intermittently.  Bedhead's music was generally subdued, with three electric guitars and one electric bass guitar over sung or spoken vocals. Allmusic dubbed the group "the quintessential indie rock band," and Tiny Mix Tapes gave their final album Transaction de Novo a perfect 5/5 score.

In 1999, a year after the breakup of Bedhead, Matt and Bubba Kadane went on to form The New Year, a band with a style similar to Bedhead's.
Mattole
The Mattole, including the Bear River Indians, are a group of Native Americans in California. Their traditional lands are along the Mattole and Bear Rivers near Cape Mendocino in Humboldt County, California. A notable difference between the Mattole and other Indigenous peoples of California is that the men traditionally had facial tattoos (on the forehead), while other local groups traditionally restricted facial tattooing to women.

Eel River Athapaskan peoples
The Eel River Athapaskans include the Wailaki, Lassik, Nongatl, and Sinkyone (Sinkine) groups of Native Americans that traditionally live in present-day Mendocino, Trinity, and Humboldt counties on or near the Eel River and Van Duzen River of northwestern California.

These groups speak dialects of the Wailaki language belonging to the Pacific Coast Athapaskan group of the Athapaskan language family which is prominently represented in Alaska, western Canada, and the southwestern U.S. Other related Athapaskan groups neighboring the Eel River Athapaskans included the Hupa-Whilkut-Chilula to the north, the Mattole on the coast to the west, and the Kato to the south.

The Whilkut, Nongatl and Lassik were essentially annihilated during the Bald Hills War in the 1860s.

Some Wailaki people are registered members of Round Valley Indian Tribes.
Matshidiso Masebe
Matshidiso Lindiwe Masebe (born 29 September 2003) is a South African soccer player who plays as a goalkeeper for SAFA Women's League club UJ Ladies and the South Africa women's national team.

Masebe was named the goalkeeper of the season at the SAFA Women's League awards in 2024. She was joint goalkeeper of the tournament at the Women's Varsity Football tournament in 2023.

University of Johannesburg Women's F.C.
The University of Johannesburg Women's Football Club, also knowns as UJ Ladies, is the football club representing the University of Johannesburg based in Johannesburg, Gauteng. The senior team competes in the SAFA Women's League, the top tier women's football league in South Africa.
Louise of Great Britain
Louise of Great Britain (originally Louisa; 18 December [O.S. 7 December] 1724 – 19 December 1751) was Queen of Denmark and Norway from 1746 until her death, as the first wife of King Frederick V. She was the youngest surviving daughter of King George II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach.

The marriage between Louise and Frederick V of Denmark was arranged solely for political reasons (King George's ministers wanted Danish support in disputes with Prussia). Although the marriage was arranged, the couple got along quite well, at least during the first years of marriage. Louisa, who encouraged performances by actors and musicians, was a popular figure at the Danish court even though she never exerted significant influence over her husband's decision-making.

Princess Mary of Great Britain
Mary of Great Britain (5 March 1723 – 14 January 1772) was the second-youngest daughter of George II of Great Britain and his wife, Caroline of Ansbach, and Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel as the wife of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel.