hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crimson Guard
The Crimson Guard is an elite organization within the fictional G.I. Joe universe. They are members of Cobra Command, the nemesis of the G.I. Joe team. They are often referred to by a phonetic spelling of their organization's initials, as "Siegies", in the comics. Tomax and Xamot are the commanders of the Crimson Guard.

Cobra (G.I. Joe)
Cobra (sometimes referred to as Cobra Command) is a fictional terrorist organization and the nemesis of the G.I. Joe Team in the Hasbro action figure toyline G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero and G.I. Joe: Sigma 6, as well as in related media.

Cobra was first introduced during the launch of the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero toyline in mid-1982. The toyline was accompanied by a Marvel Comics series, written by Larry Hama, and an animated television series by Sunbow and Marvel Productions. However, the origin and portrayal of Cobra has differed in each of them.

Marvel Comics invented the Cobra concept, with the name having been proposed by Archie Goodwin. When Marvel first proposed the concept, Hasbro was reluctant to make toys of the villains for fear that they would not sell. According to Jim Shooter, "later ... villains became 40% of their volume." Cobra's iconic logo was later created by Hasbro designer Ron Rudat.
Helen Hunt Jackson
Helen Hunt Jackson (pen name: H.H.; born Helen Maria Fiske; October 15, 1830 – August 12, 1885) was an American poet and writer who became an activist for improved treatment of Native Americans by the United States government. She described the adverse effects of government actions in her history A Century of Dishonor (1881). Her popular novel Ramona (1884) dramatized the federal government's mistreatment of Native Americans in Southern California after the Mexican–American War and attracted considerable attention to her cause. Commercially successful, it was estimated to have been reprinted 300 times, with readers liking its romantic and picturesque qualities more than its political content. The novel was so popular that it attracted many tourists to Southern California who wanted to see places from the book.

Ramona
Ramona is an 1884 American novel written by Helen Hunt Jackson. Set in Southern California after the Mexican–American War and annexation of the territory by the United States, Ramona explores the life of a mixed-race Scottish–Native American orphan girl. The story was inspired by the marriage of Hugo Reid and Victoria Reid.

Originally serialized weekly in the Christian Union, the novel became immensely popular. It has had more than 300 printings, and has been adapted five times as a film. A play adaptation has been performed annually outdoors since 1923.

The novel's influence on the culture and image of Southern California was considerable. Its sentimental portrayal of Mexican elite colonial life contributed to establishing a unique cultural identity for the region. As its publication coincided with the arrival of railroad lines in the region, tourists used trains to visit sites thought to be associated with the novel.
Glossary of English-language idioms derived from baseball
This is an alphabetical list of common English-language idioms based on baseball, excluding the extended metaphor referring to sex, and including illustrative examples for each entry. Particularly American English has been enriched by expressions derived from the game of baseball.

See also the Glossary of baseball terms for the jargon of the game itself, as used by participants, fans, reporters, announcers, and analysts of the game.

Baseball metaphors for sex
In American slang, various baseball terms are often used as euphemisms or metaphors for sex, especially to describe the degree of physical intimacy achieved. In the most common metaphor, first prevalent in the aftermath of World War II, sexual activities are described as if they are actions in a game of baseball. Baseball has also served as the context for other metaphors about sexual roles and identity.
Tranpass
Tranpass (トランパス, Toranpasu) was the name of a magnetic fare card that was able to be used with many trains and buses running in Nagoya and its suburbs, especially trains and buses operated by the Nagoya City Transportation Bureau and Meitetsu (Nagoya Railroad). The Nagoya City Municipal Subway sold magnetic fare cards called Yurica cards, and  Meitetsu sold magnetic fare cards known as SF Panorama cards, but were usually Tranpass-compatible  cand thus ould be used on any transportation system that accepted Tranpass cards. Starting on February 11, 2011, a contactless smart card, manaca, supplemented and eventually replaced Tranpass.

Manaca
Manaca (マナカ, Manaka), stylized in lowercase as manaca, is a rechargeable contactless smart card used in Nagoya, Japan and the surrounding area in Aichi Prefecture. It launched on February 11, 2011, replacing the Tranpass magnetic fare card system. Since 2013, it has been part of Japan's Nationwide Mutual Usage Service, allowing it to be used in all major cities across the country.
Phocaea
Phocaea or Phokaia (Ancient Greek: Φώκαια, Phókaia; modern-day Foça in Turkey) was an ancient Ionian Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia. Greek colonists from Phocaea founded the colony of Massalia (modern-day Marseille, in France) in 600 BC, Emporion (modern-day Empúries, in Catalonia, Spain) in 575 BC and Elea (modern-day Velia, in Campania, Italy) in 540 BC.

Empúries
Empúries (Catalan: Empúries [əmˈpuɾiəs]) was an ancient Greek city on the Mediterranean coast of Catalonia, Spain.  Empúries is also known by its Spanish name, Ampurias (Spanish: Ampurias [amˈpuɾjas]).  The city Ἐμπόριον (Greek: Ἐμπόριον, Emporion, meaning "trading place", cf. emporion) was founded in 575 BC by Greeks from Phocaea. The invasion of Gaul from Iberia by Hannibal the Carthaginian general in 218 BC, prompted the Romans to occupy the city (Latin: Emporiae), thus initiating the Roman conquest of Hispania. In the Early Middle Ages, the city's exposed coastal position left it open to marauders and it was abandoned.

Empúries is located within the Catalan comarca of Alt Empordà on the Costa Brava. The ruins are midway between the town of L'Escala and the tiny village of Sant Martí d'Empúries.
Radioplane OQ-2
The Radioplane OQ-2 was the first mass-produced unmanned aerial vehicle or drone in the United States, manufactured by the Radioplane Company. A follow-on version, the OQ-3, became the most widely used target drone in US service, with over 9,400 being built during World War II.

Radioplane Company
The Radioplane Company was an American aviation company that produced drone aircraft primarily for use as gunnery targets. During World War II, they produced over 9,400 of their Radioplane OQ-3 model, a propeller-powered monoplane, making it the most-used target aircraft in the US. In the post-World War II era they introduced their Radioplane BTT series, which was produced for years and eventually reached almost 60,000 examples. They also produced several radio control and self-guided missiles, the largest being the GAM-67 Crossbow, which did not enter service. The company was purchased by Northrop Corporation in 1952, and moved to one of Northrop's factories in 1962. One of the last projects carried out at the original Radioplane factory in Van Nuys, California, was the construction of the Gemini Paraglider.
Only Revolutions (album)
Only Revolutions is the fifth studio album by Scottish alternative rock band Biffy Clyro, released 9 November 2009 on 14th Floor Records. As with its predecessor, Puzzle, the album was produced by Garth Richardson. Upon release, Only Revolutions was a critical and commercial success. The album entered at No. 8 on the UK Album Chart and was then certified gold by the BPI shortly afterwards. It was certified platinum by the BPI in June 2010 for shipments of 300,000 copies in the UK, making it the band's largest selling album. In September 2010, the album achieved a new peak position of No. 3. It was the 26th biggest selling album of 2010 in the UK with sales of 377,900. It was nominated for the 2010 Mercury Prize, which is awarded annually for the best album in the UK or Ireland, and Rock Sound declared it third in its list of the 75 best albums of 2009.

Puzzle (Biffy Clyro album)
Puzzle is the fourth studio album by Scottish rock band Biffy Clyro, released 4 June 2007 – the album was later released in America in August. It is the band's first album since leaving Beggars Banquet (though the sleeve artwork still features the Beggars Banquet logo).

The album reached No. 2 in the UK Albums Chart to widespread critical acclaim, receiving several perfect ratings and was voted the best album of 2007 by Kerrang! and Rock Sound. The album also reached No. 17 in Ireland, and No. 39 in the overall world charts. The album is certified Platinum in the UK, having sold over 300,000 copies. As of July 2016, it has sold 342,042 copies in the UK.

This album is notable for having somewhat more straightforward song structures and a more melodic overall sound than their previous work, while still retaining some more unusual elements.
Jubango
Jūbango (十番碁) is a Japanese term for a Go match consisting of ten games which might be ended earlier if agreed by both players. A decisive victory would result in the opponent being 'beaten down' to a lower rank. A player would be beaten down if he fell behind his opponent by four wins in the net score.  This would mean a change in the playing terms corresponding to a handicap suitable for a rank difference of one rank. Some notable historical jūbango players are Go Seigen (1914-2014), Kitani Minoru (1909–75), Honinbo Shuei (1852-1907) and Hashimoto Utaro (1907-94).

These matches were usually spread over long time-periods, with gaps of months possible between games. They were also peripatetic (taking place in different venues). Both of these features make them different from modern mind sports matches, which tend to be held over a short time in a definite location. Modern go title matches have adapted these characteristics of a jūbango.

Professional Go handicaps
Professional Go handicaps were a system developed in Japan, in the Edo period, for handicapping professional players of the game of Go against each other. With the abolition of the Oteai system, which from the 1920s had used some handicap games to determine the Go ranking of professional players, this system has become obsolete. It is now completely superseded by the use of komidashi. Knowledge of it is required to understand the conditions of play in historical Go matches, particularly the jubango that died out around 1960.
The Great Indian Kitchen
The Great Indian Kitchen is a 2021 Indian Malayalam-language comedy-drama film written and directed by Jeo Baby. The film tells the story of a newly-wed woman (Nimisha Sajayan) who struggles to be the submissive wife that her husband (Suraj Venjaramood) and his family expect her to be. The music was composed by Sooraj S. Kurup and Mathews Pulickan.

The film was released on Neestream on 15 January 2021. The film received critical acclaim and won Kerala State Film Award for Best Film, Best Screenplay award for Baby and Best Sound Designer award for Tony Babu.

The film was remade in Tamil in 2023 under the same title with Aishwarya Rajesh and Rahul Ravindran in the lead roles. A Hindi remake,  Mrs. with Sanya Malhotra and Nishant Dahiya in lead roles, was released in 2025.

Mrs. (film)
Mrs. is an Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by  Arati Kadav. It is a remake of the 2021 Malayalam film The Great Indian Kitchen, and stars Sanya Malhotra as a newly-wed woman who has to navigate regressive patriarchal traditions.

Mrs. premiered at the 2023 Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival., next it was screened at 2024 Indian Film Festival of Melbourne and was also screened at the New York Indian Film Festival. It was released directly on OTT platform ZEE5 on 7 February 2025. The film received positive reviews from critics with praise for Malhotra's performance.
Mallaig
Mallaig (/ˈmæleɪɡ/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Malaig [ˈmal̪ˠɛkʲ]) is a port in Morar, on the west coast of the Highlands of Scotland. It faces Skye from across the Sound of Sleat. The local railway station is the terminus of the West Highland Line (Fort William and Mallaig branch), and the town is linked to Fort William by the A830 road – the "Road to the Isles".

Morar
Morar (/ˈmɔːrər/; Scottish Gaelic: Mòrar) is a small village on the west coast of The Rough Bounds of Scotland, three miles (five kilometres) south of Mallaig. The name Morar is also applied to the northern part of the peninsula containing the village, though North Morar is more usual (the region to the south west of Loch Morar is known as Arisaig, rather than South Morar). The coastline of the area forms part of the Morar, Moidart and Ardnamurchan National Scenic Area, one of 40 such areas in Scotland, which are defined so as to identify areas of exceptional scenery and to ensure its protection by restricting certain forms of development.

The village was formed of the farms and crofts of Bourblach, Beoraid Beg and Beoraid Mor with the modern village growing up around the railway station of Morar during the 20th century. The 1911 census suggests that the village name was not yet in regular use at the time, as only the old settlement names are used in it.
Frenchay Hospital
Frenchay Hospital was a large hospital in Frenchay, South Gloucestershire, on the north east outskirts of Bristol, England, which closed in 2014. It was managed by North Bristol NHS Trust.

From April to December 2014, most of Frenchay Hospital was progressively closed, with the majority of services moving to a new building at Southmead Hospital. Accident and Emergency was transferred on 19 May 2014. Child services moved to the Bristol Royal Hospital for Children. Services relating to brain and head injuries remained at the site and later moved into a newly built clinic.

Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, also known as the Bristol Children's Hospital, is a paediatric hospital in Bristol and the only paediatric major trauma centre in South West England.  The hospital is part of the University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust (UHBW), which includes eight other hospitals. The hospital is located next to the Bristol Royal Infirmary in the city centre.
Goldsworthy railway line
The Goldsworthy railway, owned and operated by BHP, is a private rail network in the Pilbara region of Western Australia built to carry iron ore. It is one of two railway lines BHP operates in the Pilbara, the other being the Mount Newman railway.

In addition to the BHP network, there are three more independent iron ore rail lines in the Pilbara. One is operated by Rio Tinto, the Hamersley & Robe River railway, the Fortescue Metals Group operates the Fortescue railway and Hancock Prospecting the Roy Hill railway.

Mount Newman railway line
The Mount Newman railway, owned and operated by BHP, is a private rail network in the Pilbara region of Western Australia built to carry iron ore. It is one of two railway lines BHP operates in the Pilbara, the other being the Goldsworthy railway.

In addition to the BHP network, there are three more independent iron ore rail lines in the Pilbara: Rio Tinto operate the Hamersley & Robe River railway, Fortescue Metals Group the Fortescue railway, and Hancock Prospecting the Roy Hill railway.
Bethesda Game Studios
Bethesda Game Studios is an American video game developer and a studio of ZeniMax Media based in Rockville, Maryland. It is best known for its action role-playing franchises, including The Elder Scrolls, Fallout, and Starfield. Bethesda Game Studios opened in 2001 as the development unit of Bethesda Softworks, separating from publishing operations. Todd Howard serves as the studio's executive producer, leading it with managing director Ashley Cheng and studio director Angela Browder. As of November 2023, Bethesda Game Studios had 450 employees.

Bethesda Softworks
Bethesda Softworks LLC is an American video game publisher based in Rockville, Maryland. The company was founded by Christopher Weaver in 1986 as a division of Media Technology Limited. In 1999, it became a subsidiary of ZeniMax Media. In its first 15 years, it was a video game developer and self-published its titles. In 2001, Bethesda spun off its in-house development team into Bethesda Game Studios, leaving Bethesda Softworks to focus on publishing operations.

In March 2021, Microsoft acquired Bethesda's parent company ZeniMax Media, maintaining that the company will continue to operate as a separate business. Part of the Microsoft Gaming division, Bethesda Softworks retains its function as the publisher of games developed by the different studios under ZeniMax Media.
Wellington Institute of Technology
The Wellington Institute of Technology, also known as WelTec, is a New Zealand polytechnic based in Petone, Lower Hutt. WelTec was formed in 2001 by an amalgamation between the Central Institute of Technology (established in 1960) and the Hutt Valley Polytechnic (established in 1904) In 2020, WelTec, along with 15 other national polytechnics, became subsidiaries of Te Pūkenga – New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology.

WelTec delivers vocational education to about 8,000 students every year.

WelTec offers over 130 courses in disciplines ranging from hospitality, business, information technology, visual arts, counselling, engineering, construction and creativity.

Te Pūkenga
Te Pūkenga – New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology is the largest vocational education provider in New Zealand. In February 2019, the Government announced that the country's 16 Institutes of Technology and Polytechnics (ITPs) would merge to form the new organisation; the merger was effective on 1 April 2020. In addition to the polytechnics, Te Pūkenga also took over responsibility for industry training and apprenticeship training from nine industry training organisations (ITOs).

In early December 2023, the incoming National-led coalition government confirmed it would be dissolving Te Pūkenga and replacing the mega polytechnic with eight to ten institutions.

In July 2025, it was confirmed that Te Pūkenga would be replaced with 10 stand-alone polytechnics from 1 January 2026, and that Te Pūkenga would continue operating for another year until its disestablishment on 31 December 2026.
RAIDS Online
RAIDS Online is a free public crime map developed by BAIR Analytics. It aims to reduce information requests and improve trust between law enforcement entities and their public with data accuracy and transparency.

The map enables users to view nearby crime activity. Users can choose different data layers to see how demographics and socio-economic factors affect crime. Citizens or neighborhood watch groups can sign up for reports on their areas of activity.

At this time, attempting to access RAIDS Online from most community police webpages will result in an Error 404 message.

Crime mapping
Crime mapping is used by analysts in law enforcement agencies to map, visualize, and analyze crime incident patterns.  It is a key component of crime analysis and the CompStat policing strategy.  Mapping crime, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), allows crime analysts to identify crime hot spots, along with other trends and patterns.
Carlos Reygadas
Carlos Reygadas Castillo (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkaɾlos rejˈɣaðas]; born October 10, 1971) is a Mexican filmmaker. Influenced by existentialist art and philosophy, Reygadas' movies feature spiritual journeys into the inner worlds of his main characters, through which themes of love, suffering, death, and life's meaning are explored.

Reygadas has been described as "the one-man third wave of Mexican cinema"; his works are known for their expressionistic cinematography, long takes, and emotionally charged stories. His first and third films, Japón (2002) and Silent Light (2007), made him one of Latin America's most prominent writer-directors, with various critics having named Silent Light as one of the best films of its decade. His films Battle in Heaven (2005) and Post Tenebras Lux (2012) divided critics.

He has co-produced other directors such as Amat Escalante (Sangre, Los Bastardos, Heli) or Pedro Aguilera (The Influence).

Amat Escalante
Amat Escalante (born 28 February 1979) is a Spanish and Mexican film director, producer and screenwriter. He is most well known for directing the controversial Mexican crime thriller Heli for which he was awarded the best director prize award at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival, and for directing the 2016 Mexican drama The Untamed for which he received the Silver Lion for best director at the 2016 Venice Film Festival.
Polhollick Bridge
The Polhollick Bridge spans the River Dee near Ballater, Aberdeenshire.  It was built in 1892 by James Abernethy, a steel founder in Aberdeen.  The bridge had been commissioned by Alexander Gordon as a gift to the area to replace a ferry crossing.  Gordon had grown up in the area and witnessed a drowning incident at the ferry.  It is a suspension bridge for pedestrians only.  The bridge is similar to the nearby Cambus O' May bridge also paid for by Gordon.  The bridge suffered severe damage during Storm Frank in December 2015 and reopened after repairs in December 2018.

Cambus O' May bridge
The Cambus O' May bridge spans the River Dee to the east of Ballater, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.  It was paid for by the estate of Alexander Gordon, who had grown up nearby.  The bridge was built in 1905 and is a suspension footbridge 164 feet (50 m) long and 4 feet (1.2 m) wide.  The bridge was rebuilt in 1988 for safety reasons but was badly damaged in the December 2015 Storm Frank.  It was repaired and reopened in April 2021.
Daniel Goh
Daniel Goh Pei Siong (born 1973) is a Singaporean sociologist and former politician. A former member of the opposition Workers' Party (WP), he was a non-constituency Member of Parliament (NCMP) between 2015 and 2020.

A sociologist by profession, he has primarily researched on political sociology, urban sociology, cultural studies, sociology of religion, and sociology of ethnic and multicultural relations.

Goh was expelled from the WP in 2023 after publicly criticising the party leadership on their handling of a false allegation Raeesah Khan had made in Parliament.

Raeesah Khan
Raeesah Begum binte Farid Khan (born 10 November 1993) is a Singaporean social activist and former politician. A former member of the opposition Workers' Party (WP), she was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Compassvale division of Sengkang Group Representation Constituency (GRC) between 2020 and 2021.

Raeesah resigned from the WP on 30 November 2021 after she admitted to repeatedly lying in Parliament on multiple occasions.
Gauss–Legendre method
In numerical analysis and scientific computing, the Gauss–Legendre methods are a family of numerical methods for ordinary differential equations. Gauss–Legendre methods are implicit Runge–Kutta methods. More specifically, they are collocation methods based on the points of Gauss–Legendre quadrature. The Gauss–Legendre method based on s points has order 2s.

All Gauss–Legendre methods are A-stable.

The Gauss–Legendre method of order two is the implicit midpoint rule. Its Butcher tableau is:

The Gauss–Legendre method of order four has Butcher tableau:

The Gauss–Legendre method of order six has Butcher tableau:

The computational cost of higher-order Gauss–Legendre methods is usually excessive, and thus, they are rarely used.

Runge–Kutta methods
In numerical analysis, the Runge–Kutta methods (English: /ˈrʊŋəˈkʊtɑː/ ⓘ RUUNG-ə-KUUT-tah) are a family of implicit and explicit iterative methods, which include the Euler method, used in temporal discretization for the approximate solutions of simultaneous nonlinear equations. These methods were developed around 1900 by the German mathematicians Carl Runge and Wilhelm Kutta.