hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Valrico Subdivision
CSX Transportation's Valrico Subdivision is a railroad line in Central Florida. It serves as CSX's main route through a region of Central Florida known as the Bone Valley, which contains the largest known deposits of phosphate in the United States.  The 47-mile line runs from Valrico east to Bartow and south to Bowling Green.

Much of the Valrico Subdivision dates back to the early 1900s and was originally operated under the same name by the Seaboard Air Line Railroad, a CSX predecessor. Though, southernmost 12 miles of the line from Homeland to Bowling Green was previously operated by the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, another CSX predecessor.

Plant City, Arcadia, and Gulf Railroad
The Plant City, Arcadia, and Gulf Railroad was a railroad line that once operated from Plant City, Florida, south to Welcome, a distance of about 13 miles. The line remains in service today and is owned by CSX Transportation, which it operates as their Plant City Subdivision.
Mudan incident
The Mudan incident of 1871 (Chinese: 八瑤灣事件; Japanese: 宮古島島民遭難事件 or 琉球漂流民殺害事件) was the massacre of 54 Ryukyuan sailors in Qing-era Taiwan who wandered into the central part of Taiwan after being shipwrecked off Taiwan's southeastern coast. Twelve survivors were rescued by local Han people and were later returned to Miyako Island in the Ryukyu Islands.

Because the Ryukyu Kingdom was a tributary state of Qing China as well as within the Japanese sphere of influence (to whom they also had a tributary relationship), the massacre was used as a pretext for Japan to invade southern Taiwan in 1874 to avenge "Japanese nationals" and subsequently annex the Ryukyu Kingdom in 1879.

Ryukyu Kingdom
The Ryukyu Kingdom was a kingdom in the Ryukyu Islands from 1429 until 1872, when it was reorganized as the Ryukyu Domain, before being fully abolished in 1879. It was ruled as a tributary state of the Ming dynasty by the Ryukyuan monarchy, who unified Okinawa Island to end the Sanzan period, and subsequently extended the kingdom to the Amami Islands and Sakishima Islands. The Ryukyu Kingdom played a central role in the maritime trade networks of medieval East Asia and Southeast Asia despite its small size. The Ryukyu Kingdom became a vassal state of the Satsuma Domain of Japan after the invasion of Ryukyu in 1609 but retained de jure independence until it was transformed into the Ryukyu Domain by the Empire of Japan in 1872. The Ryukyu Domain was abolished by the Meiji government in 1879 and reorganized as Okinawa Prefecture, and the Ryukyuan monarchy was integrated into the new Japanese nobility.
Republican Party of Georgia
The Republican Party of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს რესპუბლიკური პარტია, romanized: sakartvelos resp'ublik'uri p'art'ia), commonly known as the Republicans (რესპუბლიკელები, resp'ublik'elebi), is a political party in Georgia active since 1978. Until March 2016, the party was a part of the Georgian Dream coalition that won the 2012 election, defeating the United National Movement. Currently it is in opposition to Georgian Dream as part of the Coalition for Change coalition.

The party was not represented in the Parliament of Georgia elected in the Georgian legislative elections of 2008, and only maintained its representation in Tbilisi City Assembly and Adjara's Supreme Council. The party's declared platform includes the reforms of local self-governance, economy and a free and independent judiciary system. It supports Georgia's pro-Western line and bids to join the NATO and European Union.

2008 Georgian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Georgia on 21 May 2008. President Mikheil Saakashvili proposed a referendum on bringing them forward from fall to spring after the 2007 Georgian demonstrations. The referendum was held at the same time as the early presidential election on 5 January 2008; the results indicated that voters were largely in favour of having the elections in spring.

The Central Election Commission registered 3,458,020 voters, significantly higher than the 2,343,087 registered in 2004. The election was observed by 14 international and 31 local organizations.
Jewish Combat Organization
The Jewish Combat Organization (Polish: Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa, ŻOB; Yiddish: ייִדישע קאַמף אָרגאַניזאַציע‎ Yidishe Kamf Organizatsie; often translated to English as the Jewish Fighting Organization) was a World War II resistance movement in occupied Poland, which emerged from the merger of five Jewish political and youth organizations: Hashomer Hatzair, Habonim Dror, Poale Zion, and the Bund, and was central in organizing and launching the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. ŻOB took part in a number of other resistance activities as well.

Resistance movement
A resistance movement is an organized group of people that tries to resist or try to overthrow a government or an occupying power, causing disruption and unrest in civil order and stability. Such a movement may seek to achieve its goals through either the use of violent or nonviolent resistance (sometimes called civil resistance), or the use of force, whether armed or unarmed. In multiple cases, as for example in the United States during the American Revolution, or in Norway in the Second World War, a resistance movement may employ both violent and non-violent methods, usually operating under different organizations and acting in different phases or geographical areas within a country.
Nakayama Tadayasu
Marquess Nakayama Tadayasu (Japanese: 中山 忠能, 17 December 1809 – 12 June 1888) was a Japanese nobleman and courtier of the Edo period and then one of the Kazoku of the post-1867 Empire of Japan. He was the father of Nakayama Yoshiko (1836–1907), mother of the Emperor Meiji, who was born and brought up in Nakayama's household. He had the rare honour of being awarded the Order of the Chrysanthemum while he was still alive.

Kazoku
The Kazoku (華族, "Magnificent/Exalted lineage"; IPA: [ka̠zo̞kɯ̟]) was the hereditary peerage of the Empire of Japan, which existed between 1869 and 1947. It was formed by merging the feudal lords (daimyō) and court nobles (kuge) into one system modelled after the British peerage. Distinguished military officers, politicians, and scholars were occasionally ennobled as (新華族, shin kazoku, 'the newly ennobled'), until the country's defeat in the Second World War in 1945. The system was abolished with the 1947 constitution, which prohibited any form of aristocracy under it, but kazoku descendants still form the core of the traditional upper class in the country's society, distinct from the nouveau riche.

Kazoku (華族) should not be confused with kazoku (家族), which is pronounced the same in Japanese, but written with a different first character, meaning "immediate family" (as in the film Kazoku above).
WRc
The WRc Group is a company providing research and consultancy in water, waste and the environment in the United Kingdom. A government body, the Water Pollution Research Board, was set up in 1927 and was merged in 1974 with the Water Research Association and the Water Resources Board to form the Water Research Centre, which was controlled by, and undertook research for, the regional water authorities; the organisation was privatised in 1989 as WRc plc, then acquired by RSK Group in 2020.

RSK Group
RSK Group is a privately held UK-based environmental, engineering and technical services group, comprising over 200 companies employing some 14,500 people and with turnover of £2.2bn in the year to April 2025.
NDUFA9
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NDUFA9 gene. The NDUFA9 protein is a subunit of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I of the electron transport chain), which is located in the mitochondrial inner membrane and is the largest of the five complexes of the electron transport chain. Mutations in NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), also known as Complex I, frequently lead to complex neurodegenerative diseases such as Leigh's syndrome. In the case of NDUFA9, a mutation to the MT-ND3 gene might interrupt their interaction and formation of subcomplexes, compromising Complex I function and leading to disease.

Respiratory complex I
Respiratory complex I, EC 7.1.1.2 (also known as NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, Type I NADH dehydrogenase and mitochondrial complex I) is the first large protein complex of the respiratory chains of many organisms from bacteria to humans. It catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and translocates protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes or the plasma membrane of bacteria.

This enzyme is essential for the normal functioning of cells, and mutations in its subunits lead to a wide range of inherited neuromuscular and metabolic disorders. Defects in this enzyme are responsible for the development of several pathological processes such as ischemia/reperfusion damage (stroke and cardiac infarction), Parkinson's disease and others.
Reimar Lüst
Reimar Lüst (German: [ˈʁaɪmaʁ ˈlyːst]; 25 March 1923 – 31 March 2020) was a German astrophysicist. He worked in European space science from its beginning, as the scientific director of the European Space Research Organisation (ESRO) from 1962 and as Director General of the European Space Agency (ESA) from 1984 until 1990.

Lüst taught internationally and influenced German politics as chairman of the Wissenschaftsrat from 1969 to 1972. He was the president of the German Max Planck Society from 1972 to 1984. As chairman of the board of Jacobs University Bremen, he shaped the international school towards excellence. His awards include Officer of the Légion d’Honneur and the Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Max Planck Society
The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (German: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.; MPG) is a formally independent non-governmental and non-profit association of German research institutes. Founded in 1911 as the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, it was renamed to the Max Planck Society in 1948 in honor of its former president, theoretical physicist Max Planck. The society is funded by the federal and state governments of Germany.
David Neo
David Neo Chin Wee PPA(G) PBS (born 17 September 1977) is a Singaporean politician and retired major-general who has been serving as Acting Minister for Culture, Community and Youth, as well as Senior Minister of State for Education since 2025. A member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), he has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Tampines North division of Tampines Group Representation Constituency (GRC) since 2025.

Neo served as Chief of Army between 2022 and 2025. Prior to his appointment as Chief of Army, he served as Deputy Secretary for Technology at the Ministry of Defence. Neo is the first Commando to serve as Chief of Army.

Tampines Group Representation Constituency
The Tampines Group Representation Constituency is a five-member group representation constituency (GRC) in eastern Singapore. It has five divisions: Tampines Boulevard, Tampines Central, Tampines East, Tampines North and Tampines West, managed by Tampines Town Council. The current Members of Parliament (MPs) are Baey Yam Keng, Charlene Chen, David Neo, Masagos Zulkifli and Koh Poh Koon from the People's Action Party (PAP).
EN World
EN World, also known as Morrus' Unofficial Tabletop RPG News, is a British-owned tabletop role-playing game news and reviews website. The website is run and owned by Russ Morrissey ("Morrus"). It reports current news and provides insight into major product releases before they are officially unveiled. EN World was the original host of the ENNIE Awards.

The site's forums are a gathering place for over a quarter-million gamers. In addition to discussing games, members also participate in play-by-post games on the EN World message boards.

ENNIE Awards
The ENNIE Awards (previously stylized as ENnie Awards) are awards for role-playing game (RPG) products (including game-related accessories, publications, and art) and their creators. The awards were created in 2001 by Russ Morrissey of EN World in partnership with Eric Noah's Unofficial D&D Third Edition News. The ceremony has been hosted at Gen Con in Indianapolis since 2002. Since 2018, EN World is no longer associated with the awards.

The ENNIES comprise two rounds. In the first round, publishers submit their products for nomination. Entries are judged by five democratically elected judges. The nominated products are voted on by the public in the second round. Winners of the annual awards are then announced at a ceremony at Gen Con.
James Thiessen
James Thiessen (born 10 February 1974) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Richmond Football Club and Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL), as well as Norwood Football Club in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). His father Tony had played league football three decades earlier.

Playing mainly on the wing, Thiessen started his AFL career at Richmond in 1993, debuting in a 139-point loss to his future club Adelaide, but was delisted after just one season. He spent the next four years with Norwood in the SANFL, playing in their 1997 premiership side and also winning a Fos Williams Medal that year for his performance for South Australia in an interstate match against the ACT.

Thiessen was recruited by the Adelaide Crows for the 1998 season and played in their winning Grand Final that year against North Melbourne. He remained with them for two more seasons before returning to Norwood.

Norwood Football Club
The Norwood Football Club, nicknamed the Redlegs, is an Australian rules football club competing in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). Its home ground is Coopers Stadium (Norwood Oval), which is often referred to as "The Parade". It is one of the two traditional powerhouse clubs of the SANFL, the other being Port Adelaide, who together have won half of all SANFL premierships (see Port Adelaide–Norwood SANFL rivalry). The club has won 31 SANFL premierships and 1 SANFLW premiership.
Iran men's national basketball team
The Iran men’s national basketball team (Persian: تیم ملی بسکتبال مردان ایران) represents Iran in international basketball, and are governed by the Islamic Republic of Iran Basketball Federation (IRIBF).

Iran is one of Asia’s most successful federations. Since the turn of the century, they’ve won three FIBA Asia Cup tournaments, while also claiming a silver and two bronze medals at the competition. Iran has also qualified for every edition of the FIBA World Cup since 2010, and have participated in two Olympic Games (2008, 2020).

FIBA Asia Cup
The FIBA Asia Cup (formerly the FIBA Asia Championship and ABC Championship) is an international basketball tournament which takes place every four years between the men's national teams of Asia and Oceania.

Through the 2015 edition, the tournament took place every two years and was also a qualifying tournament for the FIBA World Cup and the Olympic basketball tournament. However, since 2017, the tournament was renamed the FIBA Asia Cup and now includes teams from FIBA Oceania. Also, it was the first to be played on a new four-year cycle, and is no longer a part of the qualifying process for the World Cup or the Olympics.
John Carter (writer)
John Waynflete Carter (10 May 1905 – 18 March 1975) was an English writer, diplomat, bibliographer, book-collector, antiquarian bookseller and president of the Bibliographical Society in 1968. He was recognised as one of the most important figures in the Anglo-American book world. He was the great-grandson of Canon T. T. Carter

Percy Muir
Percy Horace Muir (1894–1979) was a "distinguished" English antiquarian bookseller, book collector and bibliographer. He became "one of the most respected figures" in the rare books scene, serving as president of both the Antiquarian Booksellers Association and the International League of Antiquarian Booksellers.
Newton Bromswold
Newton Bromswold is a village and civil parish about 1.9 miles (3.1 km) east of Rushden in North Northamptonshire, England, adjacent to the border with Bedfordshire. At the 2001 census the parish's population was 62 people in 27 households. The population remained less than 100 at the 2011 Census and is included in the town of Rushden. It is near the villages of Wymington, Chelveston, Knotting, Knotting Green, Yelden and Melchbourne. There is a pub and a small church. The village takes its name from the forest which once stood where the village is today, called Bruneswald Forest.

The villages name means 'New farm/settlement'. Bromswold, 'Brun's forest', was an area of woodland on the Huntingdonshire and Northamptonshire border.

Rushden
Rushden is a town and civil parish in the North Northamptonshire district, in the county of Northamptonshire, England, around 18 miles (29 km) east of Northampton. The parish is on the border with Bedfordshire, 12 miles (19 km) north of Bedford.

The parish of Rushden covers an area of some 9,001 acres (36.43 km2). The population of Rushden is 32,038, making it the fifth largest town in the county.  The larger urban area, which includes the adjoining town of Higham Ferrers, has a population of 40,865.
Al-Haffah District
Al-Haffah District (Arabic: منطقة الحفة, romanized: manṭiqat al-Ḥaffah) is a district of the Latakia Governorate in northwestern Syria. Administrative centre is the city of al-Haffah. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 81,213.

Al-Haffah District is located in the area of An-Nusayriyah Mountains east of Lattakia city. It is an important trading centre where local farmers sell their apple fruits and other products. It has a significant historical importance as it was one of the main strategic points of the invading Crusaders. It is home to the Salah Ed-Din Castle; a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

With its Mediterranean fir forests and mild temperature in summer, the district is also one of the popular tourist destinations in Syria. Many mountainous resorts are located in the district, mainly in the town of Slinfah.

Slinfah
Slinfah (Arabic: صلنفة, romanized: Ṣalinfah, Ṣlenfah) is a Syrian town-resort, founded in 1929, administratively belonging to Al-Haffah District within the Latakia Governorate. It is located at an average height of 1130 metres above sea level on the An-Nusayriyah Mountains, 50 km east of Latakia city. According to the 2004 official census, the town's population is 1,847, reaching up to 19,518 inhabitants with the 25 surrounding villages in the Slinfah subdistrict (nahiyah).

With its mild summer temperature, Slinfah is a popular destination for Syrians. The town is characterised with severe cold temperature and heavy snow in winter. Slinfah is inhabited by Sunnis, Syrian Orthodox Christians, and Alawites.

The historical Citadel of Salah Ed-Din is only 13 km west of Slinfah.
North Mississauga SC
North Mississauga Soccer Club is a Canadian semi-professional soccer club based in Mississauga, Ontario. The club was founded in 1982 as a youth soccer club and added its men's semi-professional club in League1 Ontario in 2016. The team plays home games at Mattamy Sports Park.

The club was one of the eight original founding women's teams in the League1 Ontario women's division, which was established in 2015.

Ontario Premier League (women)
The Ontario Premier League (formerly League1 Ontario) is a semi-professional women's soccer league in Ontario, Canada. The league is sanctioned by the Canadian Soccer Association and the Ontario Soccer Association as a pro-am league in the Canadian soccer league system. The Ontario Premier League is part of Premier Soccer Leagues Canada, the national third tier with regional divisions, with equivalents in Alberta, British Columbia, the Prairies, and Quebec.

The women's division launched in 2015 with seven clubs and has grown to twenty clubs for the 2022 season. Beginning in 2024, the league became a three-tier league featuring promotion and relegation.
Girls in Love (TV series)
Girls in Love is a British teen comedy-drama television series produced by Granada Television that aired on CITV from 1 April 2003 to 20 May 2005 for two series. It is based on the 1997 novel of the same name, both created by English author Jacqueline Wilson. The show was filmed in Manchester, England.

Girls in Love (novel)
Girls in Love is the first book in the Girls series written by British author Jacqueline Wilson, first published in 1997. The story is about three 13-year-olds exploring romance, both real and fantasized. It was adapted into the TV series Girls in Love in 2003, produced by Granada Television and aired on ITV.

The other books in the series are Girls Under Pressure (1998), Girls out Late (1999), and Girls in Tears (2002).
Little Black, Wisconsin
Little Black is a town (six-mile square municipality) located in Taylor County, Wisconsin, United States. The village of Stetsonville lies partly in the town, and the hamlet of Little Black. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 1,148.

Taylor County, Wisconsin
Taylor County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,913. Its county seat is Medford. It is mostly rural, lying roughly where corn and dairy farms to the south give way to forest and swamp to the north.
Swiss Cup (ice hockey)
The Swiss Cup was the national ice hockey cup competition of Switzerland which had been played annually from 2015 until 2021. The tournament was originally played from 1957 to 1966, then once more in 1972. On 28 May 2013, the Swiss Ice Hockey Federation announced that the cup will be revived from the 2014–15 season. At the beginning of the 2020-21 season, the SIHF announced that the 2021 edition would be the last one.

SC Bern won the final edition on February 28, 2021, against the ZSC Lions in an empty Hallenstadion.

ZSC Lions
The Zürcher Schlittschuh Club Lions is a professional ice hockey team based in Zürich, Switzerland. The team competes in the National League (NL), the highest league in Switzerland. Its home arena is the 12,000-seat Swiss Life Arena. The team was founded in 1930 and played at the Dolder-Kunsteisbahn from its establishment until 1950. Between 1950 and 2022, it played at the Hallenstadion.
MOR Entertainment
MOR Entertainment is a new media audio streaming service owned and operated by ABS-CBN Corporation.

The MOR brand started in 2001 as the FM brand of ABS-CBN Regional and terrestrially operated 15 radio stations in the Philippines. As a broadcast radio network, MOR stations played contemporary MOR and OPM, as well as radio drama, talk content and news (via TV Patrol Regional over select stations).

Since the forced shutdown of the company's terrestrial assets brought about by the congressional denial of its franchise, MOR resurfaced as an online radio station since September 14, 2020. MOR's content and music streaming remains available via Facebook, Kumu, Spotify, Zeno, TuneIn and iWant.

TV Patrol
TV Patrol is a Philippine television news broadcasting show broadcast by ABS-CBN, Kapamilya Channel, A2Z and All TV. Originally anchored by Noli de Castro, Mel Tiangco and Robert Arevalo, it premiered on March 2, 1987, on the network's Primetime Bida line up. De Castro, Karen Davila, Bernadette Sembrano and Alvin Elchico currently serve as the anchors. It is the longest running Filipino-language news program.