hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rip Engle
Charles A. "Rip" Engle (March 26, 1906 – March 7, 1983) was an American football player and coach of football and basketball. He served as the head football coach at Brown University from 1944 to 1949 and at Pennsylvania State University from 1950 to 1965, compiling a career college football record of 132–68–8. Engle was also the head basketball coach at Western Maryland College (now known as McDaniel College) during the 1941–42 season and at Brown from 1942 to 1946, tallying a career college basketball mark of 53–55. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1973.

McDaniel College
McDaniel College is a private college in Westminster, Maryland, United States, established in 1867.  McDaniel College is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. The college also has a satellite campus, McDaniel College Budapest, in Budapest, Hungary. The college owns and manages a shopping center and residential properties through its for-profit arm.
Tai Hang Road
Tai Hang Road (Chinese: 大坑道) is a major road on the north side of Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. Starting low from Tai Hang at Tung Lo Wan Road, Causeway Bay, it winds up to So Kon Po and further up to the mid-levels of Jardine's Lookout and Mount Nicholson, passing through Wong Nai Chung Gap. There are a number of luxurious residential apartments along this road such as Illumination Terrace, Grand Deco Tower and The Legend.

The road meets Lai Tak Tsuen and Haw Par Mansion in Tai Hang.

22°16′10″N 114°11′28″E﻿ / ﻿22.26956°N 114.19108°E﻿ / 22.26956; 114.19108

Tai Hang
Tai Hang (Chinese: 大坑; lit. 'The Big Water Channel') is an area southeast of Causeway Bay located in the mid-north of Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. It is home to many luxurious private apartments. Residents are predominantly more affluent Hong Kong locals and expatriate professionals.
Clifton, Colorado
Clifton is an unincorporated community, a census-designated place (CDP), and a post office in Mesa County, Colorado, United States. It is part of the Grand Junction, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. The Clifton post office has the ZIP Code 81520. As of the 2020 census, the population of the Clifton CDP was 20,413.

Mesa County, Colorado
Mesa County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 155,703, making Mesa County the most populous county in western Colorado, and 11th most populous in the state. The county seat and most populous municipality is Grand Junction. The county was named for the many large mesas in the area, including the Grand Mesa, which is the largest flat-topped mountain in the world.

Mesa County comprises the Grand Junction, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 2020, it ranked as the 271st most populous metropolitan area in the United States. It is the only metropolitan area in Colorado not located on the Front Range.
Georgia Gwinnett College
Georgia Gwinnett College (Georgia Gwinnett or GGC) is a public college in Lawrenceville, Georgia. It is a member of the University System of Georgia. Georgia Gwinnett College opened on August 18, 2006. It has grown from its original 118 students in 2006 to approximately 12,000 students in 2024.

Lawrenceville, Georgia
Lawrenceville is a city in and the county seat of Gwinnett County, Georgia, United States. It is a suburb of Atlanta, located about 30 miles (50 km) northeast of downtown Atlanta. It was incorporated on December 15, 1821. As of the 2020 census, the population of Lawrenceville was 30,629.
Frozen mirror image method
Frozen mirror image method (or method of frozen images) is an extension of the method of images for magnet-superconductor systems that has been introduced by Alexander Kordyuk in 1998 to take into account the magnetic flux pinning phenomenon. The method gives a simple representation of the magnetic field distribution generated by a magnet (a system of magnets) outside an infinitely flat surface of a perfectly hard (with infinite pinning force) type-II superconductor in more general field cooled (FC) case, i.e. when the superconductor goes into its superconducting state under the influence of an external magnetic field. The difference from the mirror image method, which deals with a perfect type-I superconductor (that completely expels the magnetic field, see the Meissner effect), is that the perfectly hard superconductor screens the variation of the external magnetic field rather than the field itself.

Method of images
The method of images (or method of mirror images) is a mathematical tool for solving differential equations, in which boundary conditions are satisfied by combining a solution not restricted by the boundary conditions with its possibly weighted mirror image.  Generally, original singularities are inside the domain of interest but the function is made to satisfy boundary conditions by placing additional singularities outside the domain of interest. Typically the locations of these additional singularities are determined as the virtual location of the original singularities as viewed in a mirror placed at the location of the boundary conditions.  Most typically, the mirror is a hyperplane or hypersphere.

The method of images can also be used in solving discrete problems with boundary conditions, such counting the number of restricted discrete random walks.
Down (band)
Down is an American heavy metal supergroup that formed in New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1991. The current lineup consists of vocalist Phil Anselmo (Pantera and Superjoint Ritual), drummer Jimmy Bower (Crowbar, Eyehategod, Superjoint Ritual), guitarists Pepper Keenan (Corrosion of Conformity) and Kirk Windstein (Crowbar, Sun Don't Shine), and bassist Pat Bruders (Goatwhore, Crowbar).

Since their formation, Down has gone on hiatus twice and has released five studio albums. The first three were LPs entitled NOLA (1995), Down II: A Bustle in Your Hedgerow (2002), and Down III: Over the Under (2007). In 2008, the band began working on additional material, which resulted in two EPs entitled Down IV – Part I, released in September 2012, and Down IV – Part II, released in May 2014.

Pat Bruders
Patrick Bruders is an American musician who is the bassist for heavy metal supergroup Down, former bassist of extreme metal band Goatwhore from 1997 to 2004, and bassist for sludge metal band Crowbar from 2005 until 2013, and since 2025.

In 2008, Bruders joined Eyehategod's side project Outlaw Order and began live bass duties for the band, but has since parted ways with the group. He began touring as live bassist with Down in early 2011, replacing former bassist Rex Brown, before being added as a permanent member, performing live and in studio. Bruders is also a member of the New Orleans–based crust punk band Gasmiasma, Austin-based country band Pure Luck, and joined the doom metal band Saint Vitus in 2016.

In 2025 Bruders returned to Crowbar as a substitute for regular bassist Shane Wesley, who was touring with Acid Bath.
Kiyama, Saga
Kiyama (基山町, Kiyama-chō) is a town located in Miyaki District, Saga Prefecture, Japan on the island of Kyūshū. As of 31 March 2024, the town had an estimated population of 17,559 in 7508 households, and a  population density of 750 persons per km². The total area of the town is 22.15 km2 (8.55 sq mi)

Saga Prefecture
Saga Prefecture (佐賀県, Saga-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.ɡa, -ŋa, sa.ɡaꜜ.keɴ, -ŋaꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyushu. Saga Prefecture has a population of roughly 780,000 and has a geographic area of 2,439 square kilometres (942 sq mi). Saga Prefecture borders Fukuoka Prefecture to the northeast and Nagasaki Prefecture to the southwest.

Saga is the capital and largest city of Saga Prefecture, with other major cities including Karatsu, Tosu, and Imari. Saga Prefecture is located in the northwest of Kyūshū covering an isthmus-like area extending between the Sea of Japan and the Ariake Sea. Saga Prefecture's western region is known for the production of ceramics and porcelain, particularly in the towns of Karatsu, Imari, and Arita.
Infrared divergence
In physics, an infrared divergence (also IR divergence or infrared catastrophe) is a situation in which an integral, for example a Feynman diagram, diverges because of contributions of objects with very small energy approaching zero, or equivalently, because of physical phenomena at very long distances.

Ultraviolet divergence
In physics, an ultraviolet divergence or UV divergence is a situation in which an integral, for example a Feynman diagram, diverges because of contributions of objects with unbounded energy, or, equivalently, because of physical phenomena at infinitesimal distances.
Oklahoma State Highway 270
State Highway 270, abbreviated as SH-270, is a 14.45-mile-long (23.26 km) state highway in Oklahoma and Pottawatomie counties in Oklahoma, United States. It runs on a former alignment of U.S. Route 270 (US-270) between US-62 in Harrah and US-177 north of Shawnee. (US-270 is now concurrent with Interstate 40 through the area.) SH-270 has no lettered spur routes.

Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma
Pottawatomie County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 72,454. Its county seat is Shawnee.

Pottawatomie County is part of the Shawnee, OK micropolitan statistical area, which is Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma Government in the Oklahoma City–Shawnee, OK combined statistical area.
Abbayigaru
Abbayigaru is a 1993 Indian Telugu-language comedy drama film, produced by M. Narasimha Rao under Raasi Movies and directed by E. V. V. Satyanarayana. It stars Venkatesh and Meena, with music composed by M. M. Keeravani. The film was a hit at the box office. It is a remake of the 1987 Tamil film Enga Chinna Rasa. The film was dubbed in Tamil as Chinna Yejaman, despite the original Tamil version's existence.

Enga Chinna Rasa
Enga Chinna Rasa (/rɑːsɑː/ transl. Our little King) is a 1987 Indian Tamil-language drama film written, directed by, and starring K. Bhagyaraj. The story was inspired by the Kannada novel Ardhaangi by B. Puttaswamayya. It was released on 17 June 1987. The film was remade in Hindi as Beta, in Kannada as Annayya and in Telugu as Abbayigaru.
Oxhill, Warwickshire
Oxhill is a village in South Warwickshire, England, off the A422 road between Stratford-upon-Avon and Banbury. The population taken at the 2021census was 387. It lies in the administrative district of Stratford-on-Avon in the area known as the Vale of the Red Horse. The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book as "Octeselve" and has a 12th-century church dedicated to Saint Lawrence. The indentions in the chancel window mullions are believed by many to be the marks made by local archers sharpening their arrowheads. Because of the holiness and sacredness of the church, the blessed arrows were also presumed to have divine accuracy.

Saint Lawrence
Saint Lawrence or Laurence (Latin: Laurentius, lit. 'laurelled'; 31 December 225 – 10 August 258) was one of the seven deacons of the city of Rome under Pope Sixtus II who were martyred in the persecution of the Christians ordered by the Roman emperor Valerian in 258.
César Award for Best Original Screenplay or Adaptation
The César Award for Best Original Screenplay or Adaptation (French: César du meilleur scénario, dialogue ou adaptation (1976–1982); César du meilleur scénario original ou adaptation (1986–2005) is a discontinued award given by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma from 1976 to 2005. It was split into César Award for Best Original Screenplay and César Award for Best Adaptation in 2006.

César Award for Best Original Screenplay
The César Award for Best Original Screenplay (French: César du meilleur scénario original) is an award presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma. It was initially awarded from 1983 to 1985, and then awarded again in 2006, when the original category (César Award for Best Original Screenplay or Adaptation) was split into two awards, the other being César Award for Best Adaptation.
Chevron Renaissance
Chevron Renaissance is a $400 million development on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia comprising 713 individually owned residential lots located above the Chevron Renaissance Shopping Centre. The onsite management of Chevron Renaissance residential lots is managed by Accor under the brand name of Mantra Towers of Chevron, previously The Towers of Chevron Renaissance.

Chevron Renaissance is on the site of the old Chevron Hotel in Surfers Paradise.

The Chevron Renaissance commercial development occupies the block of land extending from the Gold Coast Highway in the east to Ferny Avenue in the west and from Circle on Cavill in the south halfway towards Cavill Avenue and Elkhorn Avenue in the north. Construction of the complex commenced in November 1999, was completed in December 2004 and opened in March 2005 by Queensland Premier Peter Beattie.

Circle on Cavill
Circle on Cavill is a $551 million commercial development with two residential towers built by the Sunland Group and positioned in a key city block in the heart of the Surfers Paradise CBD, neighbouring with Towers of Chevron Renaissance shopping mall and resort apartment complex. Circle on Cavill is bounded by the main Surfers Paradise Boulevard at the western end of Cavill Mall and river end of Cavill Avenue, between the Gold Coast Highway and Ferny Avenue, in Surfers Paradise on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.

The street address for the Circle on Cavill residential apartments is 9 Ferny Avenue, Surfers Paradise.  The South Tower was completed around March 2007 and the North Tower was completed around July 2007. Both towers are joined on level 4 lounge which takes in the view of the Nerang River.  The tallest point of the north tower is approximately 220 m and reflects a recent trend to building upwards in Surfers' skyline, also reflected in the construction of Q1 and Soul.
Queen Chŏngan
Queen Chŏngan (Korean: 정안왕후 김씨, 30 January 1355 – 11 August 1412) or Queen Anjŏng (안정왕후), of the Gyeongju Kim clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and queen consort of King Jeongjong, the second king of Joseon. She was queen consort of Joseon from 1398 and was honoured as Queen Tŏk (덕비) until her husband's abdication in 1400 after which she was honoured as Queen Dowager Sundŏk (순덕왕대비).

Jeongjong of Joseon
Jeongjong (Korean: 정종; Hanja: 定宗; 1 July 1357 – 26 September 1419), personal name Yi Bang-gwa (이방과; 李芳果), later Yi Gyeong (이경; 李曔), was the second monarch of the Joseon of Korea. He was the second son of King Taejo, the founder of the dynasty. Before ascending to the throne, he was known as Grand Prince Yeongan (영안군; 永安君).
Wang Ping (Three Kingdoms)
Wang Ping (died 248), courtesy name Zijun, was a military general of the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. Originally a military officer serving under the warlord Cao Cao. In 219, he defected to Cao Cao's rival Liu Bei during the Hanzhong Campaign. Although he was a talented orator, Wang Ping never learned to read because he joined the army at a young age. However, he did not let this disadvantage stop him and had his clerk help him with his reports. Known for his self discipline, he steadily rose through the ranks to become a senior general. During his career, he defeated Zhang He, quelled Wei Yan's alleged rebellion and was the leading commander of the Shu forces during the Battle of Xingshi. The highest position he reached was Senior General Who Guards the North (鎮北大將軍).

Battle of Xingshi
The Battle of Xingshi was fought between the states of Cao Wei and Shu Han in 244 during the Three Kingdoms period in China. The location was at Mount Xingshi (興勢山), which is situated north of present-day Yang County, Shaanxi, and is now part of the Changqing National Nature Reserve. The battle was an attempt by Cao Shuang, the regent of Wei, to conquer Wei's rival state, Shu. It ended in complete failure.
Pennsylvania Route 356
Pennsylvania Route 356 (PA 356) is a 32.5-mile-long (52.3 km) state highway located in Westmoreland, Allegheny, Butler, and Armstrong counties in Pennsylvania.  The southern terminus is at PA 66 near Oklahoma.  The northern terminus is at U.S. Route 422 (US 422) near Butler.

Pennsylvania Route 66
Pennsylvania Route 66 (PA 66) is a 139.7-mile-long (224.8 km) state highway in Western Pennsylvania. Its southern terminus is at U.S. Route 119 (US 119) near Interstate 70 (I-70) near New Stanton. Its northern terminus is at US 6 in Kane.

The southernmost 13.7 miles (22.0 km) of the route is a controlled-access toll road named the Amos K. Hutchinson Bypass and is signed as PA Turnpike 66, a part of the Pennsylvania Turnpike System serving as a bypass of Greensburg. The Bypass runs between US 119 and US 22.  This portion is also part of Corridor M of the Appalachian Development Highway System.
Tallán language
Tallán is an extinct and poorly attested language of the Piura Region of Peru. It is too poorly known to be definitively classified. It may have a possible connection to neighboring Sechura, termed the Sechura–Catacao languages. In Glottolog and in Jolkesky (2016), the two attested Catacaoan languages, Catacao and Colán, are listed as dialects of Tallán.

Colán dialect
Colán (Kolán) is an extinct dialect of Tallán, a language isolate of Peru. It is known solely from a wordlist collected in the 1780s by Bishop of Trujillo Baltasar Jaime Martínez Compañón. It may be related to the nearby Sechura language, but this is not confirmed.
LEO Cargo Return Service
The LEO Cargo Return Service (LCRS) is an initiative of the European Space Agency (ESA) supporting the development of European commercial uncrewed cargo spacecraft for delivery service to and from space stations in low-Earth orbit (LEO). LCRS is patterned on NASA's COTS programme which led to the development of the Dragon and Cygnus cargo spacecraft. The first phase of LCRS, awarded in 2024, is supporting the development of space capsules by Thales Alenia Space and The Exploration Company. First orbital flight of at least one of the new vehicles is expected in 2028 or 2029. LCRS plans include two demonstration missions docking to the ISS.

The Exploration Company
The Exploration Company (TEC) is a European aerospace company developing reusable spacecraft. TEC is headquartered in Munich, Bordeaux, and Oberpfaffenhofen with additional offices in Italy, France, Houston (US), and the MENA region. The company embraces a pan-European identity. The Exploration Company was founded in July 2021 by Hélène Huby (CEO) with a group of space engineers who had worked together on European space programs at Airbus and ArianeGroup, including Orion-ESM and ATV. TEC's main project is developing Nyx, a family of modular, reusable spacecraft designed for missions to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), lunar orbit, and the Moon. Its vehicles aim to serve cargo transport, re-entry missions, and future human spaceflight needs.
Oryol State Institute of Culture
Oryol State Institute of Culture (OSIC; Russian: Орловский государственный институт культуры; ОГИК, Orlovskiy gosudarstvennyy institut kul'tury; OGIK) is a Russian state higher educational institution located in the city of Oryol, the administrative centre of Oryol Oblast.

Oryol
Oryol (Russian: Орёл, IPA: [ɐˈrʲɵl] ⓘ, lit. 'eagle'), also transliterated as Orel or Oriol, is a city and the administrative center of Oryol Oblast, Russia, situated on the Oka River, approximately 368 kilometers (229 mi) south-southwest of Moscow. It is part of the Central Federal District, as well as the Central Economic Region.

First founded as a medieval stronghold of the Principality of Chernigov, Oryol was part of Lithuania in the late medieval period, and then Russia since the early modern period. It has served as the seat of regional administration since 1778. The city is particularly known for the infamous former prison for political and war prisoners of Tsarist Russia, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany.
Springfield, New Zealand
Springfield (Māori: Tawera), called Kowai Pass until 1880, is a small town in the Selwyn District of Canterbury, in the South Island, of New Zealand. Springfield is situated in the foothills of the Southern Alps as the most westerly town of the Canterbury Plains. Springfield is 65 kilometres (40 mi) west of Christchurch on State Highway 73 (The Great Alpine Highway), 9.7 kilometres (6.0 mi) northwest of Sheffield and 22.7 kilometres (14.1 mi) from Darfield. It is located close to Porters Ski Area, Mount Cheeseman, Broken River, Temple Basin and Craigieburn ski fields. Springfield has a long association with the Midland railway line.

Midland line (New Zealand)
The Midland line is a 212 km section of railway between Rolleston  and Greymouth in the South Island of New Zealand. The line features five major bridges, five viaducts and 17 tunnels, the longest of which is the Otira tunnel. It is the route of the popular TranzAlpine passenger train.
British NVC community M22
NVC community M22 is one of the mire communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system, characterised by a sward of blunt-flowered rush with other rushes, grasses, sedges and wetland plants, in calcareous wet meadows. It is a form of pasture found around springs, flushes and in river valley wetlands, and it is one of three rush pasture communities in the NVC. It was once quite widespread in the English lowlands but is now rare and localised.

Juncus subnodulosus
Juncus subnodulosus, the blunt-flowered rush, is a species of rush. It natively occurs from the Mediterranean region across temperate Europe, but it does not range far into Scandinavia. Introduced populations exist in New Zealand and North America.

This species is an important associate within the anthropogenic Juncus subnodulosus-Cirsium palustre fen-meadow ecosystem, an important habitat type of Western Europe. J. subnodulosus is particularly prevalent within the disturbed ridges of this type of fen-meadow.
Hadi Ahmed
Hadi Ahmed Basheer (Arabic: هَادِي أَحْمَد بَشِير; born November 1, 1951) is an Iraqi football coach and former player. He played as a midfielder and spent the majority of his career with Al-Minaa club.

He was capped Iraqi League title for Al-Mina'a in 1978, and appeared at the World Military Cup 1977, He played matches in Pestabola Merdeka 1977 in Malaysia. Hadi play in the Moscow Olympics in 1980, where his goal was the debut Iraqi goal in Olympic competition, against Costa Rica; sports fans called him: the (Maestro of Iraqi football). He played in 5th Arabian Gulf Cup in 1979 and scored two goals, the first goal against Emirates, and the second against Kuwait, and won the best player title of the tournament. He took part in the three seasons of the tournament (1976, 1979 and 1982) and scored the goal of No. 200 in the tournament's history.

Hadi's older brother, Abdul Razzaq, was playing with him in Al-Mina'a (captain), Hadi has influenced his style.

5th Arabian Gulf Cup
The 5th Arabian Gulf Cup (Arabic: دورة كأس الخليج العربي الخامسة) was the fifth edition of the Arabian Gulf Cup. The tournament was held at the Al-Shaab Stadium in Baghdad, Iraq and took place from 23 March to 9 April 1979. Hosts Iraq won their first ever title after defeating Saudi Arabia 2–0, becoming the second team to win the competition after Kuwait.

Originally, the tournament was scheduled to take place in 1978 and hosted in Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates, but it was delayed after the UAE gave up their hosting rights.