hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Soy sauce
Soy sauce (sometimes called soya sauce in British English) is a liquid condiment of Chinese origin, traditionally made from a fermented paste of soybeans, roasted grain, brine, and Aspergillus oryzae or Aspergillus sojae molds. It is recognized for its saltiness and pronounced umami taste.

Soy sauce was created in its current form about 2,200 years ago during the Western Han dynasty of ancient China. Since then, it has become an important ingredient in East and Southeast Asian cooking as well as a condiment worldwide.

Fermentation in food processing
In food processing, fermentation is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohol or organic acids using microorganisms—yeasts or bacteria—without an oxidizing agent being used in the reaction. Fermentation usually implies that the action of microorganisms is desired. The science of fermentation is known as zymology or zymurgy.

The term "fermentation" sometimes refers specifically to the chemical conversion of sugars into ethanol, producing alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and cider. However, similar processes take place in the leavening of bread (CO2 produced by yeast activity), and in the preservation of sour foods with the production of lactic acid, such as in sauerkraut and yogurt.

Other widely consumed fermented foods include vinegar, olives, and cheese. More localized foods prepared by fermentation may also be based on beans, grain, vegetables, fruit, honey, dairy products, and fish.
Khamerernebty II
Khamerernebty II was an ancient Egyptian queen of the 4th Dynasty. She was a daughter of Pharaoh Khafre and Queen Khamerernebty I. She married her brother Menkaure and she was the mother of Prince Khuenre.

Khamerernebty I
Khamerernebty I was an ancient Egyptian queen of the 4th dynasty. She was probably a wife of King Khafre and the mother of King Menkaure and Queen Khamerernebty II. It is possible that she was a daughter of Khufu, based on the fact that inscriptions identify her as a King's daughter.
Furca (genus)
Furca (Latin for "fork") is an extinct genus of marrellomorph arthropod known from the Sandbian stage (upper Ordovician period) of the Czech Republic, with a single currently described species, Furca bohemica. A tentative additional species, "Furca mauretanica" was proposed for specimens discovered in Morocco, but this species remains a nomen nudum until formally published, and probably belongs in a new separate genus.

Marrellomorpha
Marrellomorpha are an extinct group of arthropods known from the Cambrian to the Early Devonian. It is divided into two major groups, Marrellida and Acercostraca. They lacked mineralised hard parts, so are only known from areas of exceptional preservation, limiting their fossil distribution. The best known member is Marrella, with thousands of specimens found in the Cambrian aged Burgess Shale of Canada.
African sicklefish
The African sicklefish (Drepane africana) is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Drepaneidae, the sicklefishes. This fish is found in the costal waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean from the Canary Islands and Mauritania south to Angola, including the Cape Verde Islands and the islands of the Gulf of Guinea. It is a coastal species found over sandy and muddy bottoms between depths of 10 and 75 m (33 and 246 ft), moving into coastal lagoons at sexual maturity.

Drepane (fish)
Drepane is a genus of marine and brackish water ray-finned fishes, known commonly as the sicklefishes. It is the only genus in the monotypic percomorph family Drepaneidae. These fish occur in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans, and in the eastern Atlantic near Africa.
Three Mountains of Dewa
The Three Mountains of Dewa (出羽三山, Dewa Sanzan) refer to the three sacred mountains of Mount Haguro, Mount Gassan and Mount Yudono, which are clustered together in the ancient province of Dewa (modern-day Yamagata Prefecture). Holy to the Japanese Shinto religion and especially the mountain ascetic practice of Shugendo, Dewa Sanzan are a popular pilgrimage site visited by many, including famed haiku poet Matsuo Bashō.

The Haguro Five-story Pagoda is a recognised national treasure of Japan.

It has three subshrines

Mount Gassan with Gassan Shrine

Mount Haguro with Hagurosan Shrine

Mount Yudono with Yudonosan Shrine

Mount Yudono
Mount Yudono (湯殿山, Yudono-san) is one of the Three Mountains of Dewa in the ancient province of Dewa (modern-day Yamagata Prefecture). The Yudonosan Shrine, the most holy of the Dewa Sanzan shrines, is located on the mountain.

Pilgrims have to enter the shrine itself barefoot, and photography is not allowed. Due to heavy winter snowfall, the mountain and shrine are inaccessible for long periods of the year.
Carl Ray
Carl Ray (January 10, 1943 – September 26, 1978) was a First Nations artist who was active on the Canadian art scene from 1969 until his death in 1978.  Considered primarily a Woodlands Style artist.  He was a founding member of the Indian Group of Seven. He began painting when he was 30 years old.

Woodlands style
Woodlands style, also called the Woodlands school, Legend painting, Medicine painting, and Anishnabe painting, is a genre of painting among First Nations and Native American artists from the Great Lakes area, including northern Ontario and southwestern Manitoba. The majority of the Woodlands artists are Anishinaabeg, notably the Ojibwe, Odawa, and Potawatomi, as well as the Oji-Cree and the Cree.
Washington State Route 516
State Route 516 (SR 516) is a 16.49-mile-long (26.54 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Washington, serving communities in southern King County. The highway travels east as the Kent-Des Moines Road and the Kent-Kangley Road from a concurrency with SR 509 in Des Moines through Kent and Covington to an intersection with SR 169 in Maple Valley. SR 516, designated as part of the National Highway System within Kent, intersects three major freeways in the area: Interstate 5 (I-5) in western Kent, SR 167 in downtown Kent, and SR 18 in Covington. The roadway, built in the 1890s, was codified in 1937 as Secondary State Highway 1K (SSH 1K) from Des Moines to Kent and SSH 5A from Kent to Maple Valley. The two highways were combined during the 1964 highway renumbering to form SR 516 on its current route.

Washington State Route 167
State Route 167 (SR 167) is a state highway in the Seattle metropolitan area of Washington state. It is commonly known as the Valley Freeway and serves the Green River Valley from Tacoma to Renton, primarily as a four-lane freeway. The 28-mile (45 km) highway begins in Tacoma at an interchange with Interstate 5 (I-5) and travels southeast to Puyallup as an undivided road. It then turns northeast onto a freeway and passes through interchanges with SR 512 in Puyallup and SR 410 in Sumner, continuing north through Auburn and Kent. After an interchange with I-405 in Renton, it terminates at an intersection with SR 900.
The Lady in the Bottle
"The Lady in the Bottle" is the pilot episode of the American fantasy sitcom I Dream of Jeannie. It was written by series creator Sidney Sheldon and directed by Gene Nelson, and originally aired on NBC on September 18, 1965. It would not air again until Fall 1970, when the series went into syndication.

I Dream of Jeannie
I Dream of Jeannie is an American fantasy sitcom television series created by Sidney Sheldon and starring Barbara Eden as a beautiful but guileless 2,000-year-old genie and Larry Hagman as an astronaut with whom she falls in love and eventually marries. Produced by Screen Gems, the show originally aired for 139 episodes over five seasons, from September 18, 1965, to May 26, 1970, on NBC.
Primitive Methodism in the United Kingdom
Primitive Methodism was a major movement in English and Welsh Methodism from about 1810 until the Methodist Union in 1932. It emerged from a revival at Mow Cop in Staffordshire. Primitive meant "simple" or "relating to an original stage"; the Primitive Methodists saw themselves as practising a purer form of Christianity, closer to that of the earliest Methodists. Although the denomination did not bear the name "Wesleyan" (unlike the earlier Wesleyan Methodist Church), Primitive Methodism was Wesleyan in theology, in contrast to the Calvinistic Methodists.

Methodist Union
Methodist Union was the joining together of several of the larger British Methodist denominations. These were the Wesleyan Methodists, the Primitive Methodists, and the United Methodists. The process involved many years of negotiation and discussion, as well as a vote by the members of each denomination to approve the union. In 1932 a Uniting Conference met on 20 September in the Royal Albert Hall, London. It adopted the Deed of Union as setting forth the basis of union and declaring and defining the constitution and doctrinal standards of the Methodist Church, and a new Model Deed was executed.

After 1932, the new united body was known simply as The Methodist Church. To distinguish this from Methodism in other countries (chiefly the United States), it is styled the Methodist Church of Great Britain.
Bab al-Talsim
Bab al-Talsim (Arabic: باب الطلسم, romanized: Gate of Talisman), originally named Bab al-Halba (Arabic: باب الحلبة, romanized: The White Gate), was an old Abbasid gateway that existed on the Rusafa side of Baghdad, Iraq, and was one of the old gates of Baghdad. The gate was preserved and well-maintained until Ottoman troops demolished it on 11 March 1917 when retaliating from the city during World War I.

Gates of Baghdad
The gates of Baghdad (Arabic: أبواب بغداد) are the several bab, meaning gate in Arabic, connected by walls surrounding the city of Baghdad. The gates and the walls were designed to protect the city from foreign incursions. Some of the components date back to the Abbasid era, while others were preserved and renovated during the Ottoman era.
John Sherrit
John "Yak" Sherrit (born 1962) is an Australian drummer best known for his drumming on several studio albums of Johnny Diesel and the Injectors, and touring with Diesel, Jimmy Barnes, and Richard Clapton.

Diesel (musician)
Mark Denis Lizotte (born 31 May 1966) is an American-born Australian singer-songwriter and musician, who has released material under the name Diesel, Johnny Diesel, as leader of band Johnny Diesel & the Injectors, and as a solo performer, as well as under his birth name. Two of his albums reached No. 1 on the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Albums Charts, Hepfidelity in 1992 and The Lobbyist in 1993.

Since 1987, Lizotte, has played on several albums by his brother-in law, Australian rock singer, Jimmy Barnes. Although better known as a singer-songwriter and guitarist, Lizotte is also competent on bass guitar, drums, percussion and keyboards; and has also produced an album by Richard Clapton and one by Vika and Linda Bull. He has won six ARIA Music Awards with three for 'Best Male Artist' in 1993, 1994 and 1995.
Prabumulih Baru X5 railway station
Prabumulih Baru X5 Station (PBR X5) is a class II railway station located in South Prabumulih District, Prabumulih, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The station served as a block post, and it is located at a railway junction where the line from Tanjung Karang split, with one goes to Kertapati and the other one to Lubuklinggau. The signaling system and rail switches of this station are operated from X6 block post.

With the opening of X6–Tanjung Rambang double tracks, the station has three tracks.

Prabumulih Baru X6 railway station
Prabumulih Baru X6 Station (PBR X6) is a class II railway station located in West Prabumulih District, Prabumulih, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The station served as a block post, and it is located at a railway junction where the line from Lubuklinggau split, with one goes to Kertapati and the other one to Tanjung Karang. The signaling system and rail switches of both X6 and X5 block post are operated from this station.

With the opening of X6–Tanjung Rambang and X6–Prabumulih double tracks, the station has four tracks.
Alfvén's theorem
In ideal magnetohydrodynamics, Alfvén's theorem, or the frozen-in flux theorem, states that electrically conducting fluids and embedded magnetic fields are constrained to move together in the limit of large magnetic Reynolds numbers. It is named after Hannes Alfvén, who put the idea forward in 1943.

Alfvén's theorem implies that the magnetic topology of a fluid in the limit of a large magnetic Reynolds number cannot change. This approximation breaks down in current sheets, where magnetic reconnection can occur.

Magnetohydrodynamics
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD; also called magneto-fluid dynamics or hydro­magnetics) is a model of electrically conducting fluids that treats all types of charged particles together as one continuous fluid. It is primarily concerned with the low-frequency, large-scale, magnetic behavior in plasmas and liquid metals and has applications in multiple fields including space physics, geophysics, astrophysics, and engineering.
Dieter Dengler
Dieter Dengler (May 22, 1938 – February 7, 2001) was a German-born United States Navy aviator who was shot down over Laos and captured during the Vietnam War. After six months of imprisonment and torture, and 23 days on the run, he became only the second captured US airman to escape during the war. Of the seven prisoners of war who escaped together from the Pathet Lao prison camp in Laos, only he and Thai citizen Phisit Intharathat survived. After the war, he worked as a test pilot for private aircraft and as a commercial airline pilot.

Phisit Intharathat
Phisit Intharathat (Thai: พิสิษฐ์ อินทรทัต, sometimes translated as Pisidhi Indradat) is a Thai citizen who was retrieved during a successful prisoner of war rescue of the Vietnam War. After service as a commando in the Thai Border Patrol Police Parachute Aerial Resupply Unit, he went to work as a civilian with Air America during the Laotian Civil War.

On 5 September 1963, he was a member of a Curtiss C-46 Commando air crew shot down near Ban Houei Sane, Laos. He was held in nine jungle prisons while the Vietnam War officially began. After two escape attempts, including one spell of 32 days spent starving in the jungle, he was still struggling to flee when rescued by the Ban Naden raid of 5 January 1967. He returned to work for Air America until they departed from Southeast Asia. After working for a Bangkok company, he retired there.
Willem Reuter
Willem Reuter (c.1642 in Brussels – 1681 in Rome) was a Flemish painter of cityscapes, genre paintings and history paintings who was primarily active in Rome, where he was known as Guglielmo Reuter.  He was part of the circle of Dutch and Flemish genre painters in Rome who are referred to as the 'Bamboccianti' and were known for their scenes depicting the lower classes in Rome.

Bamboccianti
The Bamboccianti were genre painters active in Rome from about 1625 until the end of the seventeenth century. Most were Dutch and Flemish artists who brought existing traditions of depicting peasant subjects from sixteenth-century Netherlandish art with them to Italy, and generally created small cabinet paintings or etchings of the everyday life of the lower classes in Rome and its countryside.

Typical subjects include food and beverage sellers, farmers and milkmaids at work, soldiers at rest and play, and beggars, or, as Salvator Rosa lamented in the mid-seventeenth century, "rogues, cheats, pickpockets, bands of drunks and gluttons, scabby tobacconists, barbers, and other 'sordid' subjects." Despite their lowly subject matter, the works found appreciation among elite collectors and fetched high prices.
Zeddam
Zeddam is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is located in the municipality of Montferland, about 7 km south of Doetinchem.

Zeddam was a separate municipality until 1821, when it was merged with Bergh.

Bergh
Bergh is a former municipality in the Dutch province of Gelderland.  The municipality included the villages of 's-Heerenberg, Zeddam, and Stokkum.

In 2005, it merged with Didam to form the new municipality of Montferland.
William Bambridge
William Samuel Bambridge (24 October 1819 – 1 May 1879) was a school-teacher who accompanied George Augustus Selwyn and William Charles Cotton in the Te Waimate mission, New Zealand, before returning to England where he became photographer to Queen Victoria. Three of his sons became England international footballers.

William Cotton (missionary)
Rev William Charles Cotton (30 January 1813 – 22 June 1879) was an Anglican priest, a missionary and an apiarist.  After education at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford he was ordained and travelled to New Zealand as chaplain to George Augustus Selwyn, its first bishop.  He introduced the skills of beekeeping to North Island and wrote books on the subject.  Later as vicar of Frodsham, Cheshire, England, he restored its church and vicarage but was limited in his activities by mental illness.
Batsto River
The Batsto River is a 22.9-mile-long (36.9 km) tributary of the Mullica River in the southern New Jersey Pine Barrens in the United States. The river also drains 49.42 square miles of land.

Originating in Tabernacle Township, the Batsto River is joined by Skit Branch, Deep Run, Springer's Brook, Penn Swamp Branch and Goodwater Run before reaching Batsto Village where a dam forms Batsto Lake.  From Batsto Village, the stream continues on for a few miles before its confluence with the Mullica River at The Forks.

The Batsto River passes through multiple historic landmarks along its journey to the Mullica River.  These landmarks include Hampton furnace, Lower Forge and Quaker Bridge, each being places of small settlements at one time.

Mullica River
The Mullica River is a 50.6-mile-long (81.4 km) river in southern New Jersey in the United States. The Mullica was once known as the Little Egg Harbor River.

The river provides one of the principal drainages into the Atlantic Ocean of the extensive Pinelands. Its estuary on Great Bay is considered one of the least-disturbed marine wetlands habitats in the northeastern United States.

In 2022, the Mullica River Fire consumed an estimated 13,500 acres (55 km2) of the related Wharton State Forest.
Sack of Antwerp
51°12′48″N 4°24′10″E﻿ / ﻿51.21333°N 4.40278°E﻿ / 51.21333; 4.40278

The sack of Antwerp, often known as the Spanish Fury at Antwerp, was an episode of the Eighty Years' War. It is the greatest massacre in the history of the Low Countries.

On 4 November 1576, mutinying Spanish tercios of the Army of Flanders began the sack of Antwerp, leading to three days of horror among the population of the city, which was the cultural, economic and financial center of the Low Countries. The savagery of the sack led the provinces of the Low Countries to unite against the Spanish crown. The devastation also caused Antwerp's decline as the leading city in the region and paved the way for Amsterdam's rise.

Spanish Fury
The Spanish Fury (or the Spanish Terror) was a number of violent sackings of cities (lootings) in the Low Countries or Benelux, mostly by Spanish Habsburg armies, that happened in the years 1572–1579 during the Dutch Revolt. In some cases, the sack did not follow the taking of a city. In others, the sack was ordered, or at least not restrained, by Spanish commanders after the fall of a city.

The most notorious Spanish Fury was the sack of Antwerp in November 1576. In English, this, and the mutinous campaign of 1576 in general, tends to be what is meant by "Spanish Fury". In Dutch, the term includes a wider range of sackings, in particular the city punishments of 1572. The events of the Spanish Fury contributed to the creation of anti-Spanish sentiment in many parts of Europe.
Mashita Nagamori
Mashita Nagamori (増田 長盛; 1545 – June 23, 1615) was a daimyō in Azuchi–Momoyama period, and one of the Go-Bugyō appointed by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. 
Also called Niemon (仁右衛門) or by his court title, Uemon-no-jō (右衛門尉). He was sent to Korea as one of the Three Bureaucrats with Ishida Mitsunari and Asano Nagamasa.

Asano Nagamasa
Asano Nagamasa (浅野 長政, 1546 – May 29, 1611) was the brother-in-law of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and one of his chief advisors. Asano also fought for Oda Nobunaga and Hideyoshi in a number of campaigns during the Sengoku period of the 16th century in Japan. He was sent to Korea as one of the Three Bureaucrats with Ishida Mitsunari and Mashita Nagamori.
Pimephales
Pimephales, commonly known as the bluntnose minnows (a term used locally to refer to Pimephales notatus specifically), is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. This fishes in this genus are found in North America. All of the four species are small fish, with P. notatus being the largest at 11 cm. (about 4.3 in.)
These minnows can be found all over North America and are commonly used as fish bait.

Bluntnose minnow
"Bluntnose minnows" is also used for the genus Pimephales as a whole.

The bluntnose minnow (Pimephales notatus) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. Its natural geographic range extends from the Great Lakes south along the Mississippi River basin to Louisiana, and east across the Midwestern United States to New York State. The bluntnose is very ubiquitous, and may be the most common freshwater fish in the Eastern U.S.
Richard Dolby
Richard Edwin Dolby, OBE, HonDMet, FREng, FIMMM, HonFWeldI (born 7 July 1938 in Sheffield) is a metallurgist and former Director of Research and Technology at The Welding Institute (TWI) in Cambridge, UK. He is a past President at the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining and a current Distinguished Research Fellow at the University of Cambridge Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy.

Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
The Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IOM3) is a British engineering institution with activities including promotion of the development of materials science.

It has been a registered charity governed by a royal charter and a member of the United Kingdom's Science Council, since 2002. In 2019, the IOM3 celebrated the 150-year anniversary of the establishment of the Iron and Steel Institute which the IOM3 now encompasses. In 2022, it had a gross income of £3.99 million.
CommonSpirit Health
CommonSpirit Health is an American health system based in Chicago, Illinois. It is the country's largest Catholic hospital chain and its second-largest nonprofit hospital chain (as of 2019). It operates more than 700 care sites and 142 hospitals in 21 states.

Founded in 2019 by the merger of Dignity Health and Catholic Health Initiatives, CommonSpirit Health formed as one of the largest non-profit hospital systems by revenue in the United States.

Dignity Health
Dignity Health (formerly Catholic Healthcare West) is a California-based not-for-profit public-benefit corporation. Formerly a Catholic institution, the organization went independent in 2012 and adopted its new name. In February 2019, Dignity Health merged with Catholic Health Initiatives, becoming part of CommonSpirit Health.