hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Chudleigh
Colonel James Chudleigh (c. 1618 – 6 December 1643) was an English military officer, who served in the First English Civil War. Initially appointed to command the Parliamentarian garrison at Barnstaple, he showed considerable ability, and was quickly promoted.

Wounded and captured after the Royalist victory at the Battle of Stratton in May 1643, he changed sides, possibly as a result of being accused of responsibility for the defeat. His father, Sir George Chudleigh, was also a Parliamentarian commander and switched sides at the same time.

On 30 September 1643, Chudleigh was wounded in a Royalist attack on Dartmouth, where he died on 6 October.

Sir George Chudleigh, 1st Baronet
Sir George Chudleigh, 1st Baronet (c. 1578 – 15 January 1658), of Ashton, Devon, was an English landowner and politician, who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1601 and 1625. He had close family connections to a group of Devon Presbyterians, including Sir William Strode.

He generally supported Parliament in the political disputes prior to the 1642 to 1646 First English Civil War. In its opening stages, he served as a Parliamentary Lieutenant-General, and Governor of Exeter, but was one of many on both sides who wanted a negotiated peace. He resigned his commission in September 1643.

The Royalists held Devon from 1643 to early 1646; he garrisoned Ashton on their behalf, while avoiding active involvement. Fined by the Parliamentary Sequestration Committee in 1647, his connections meant he escaped major punishment. He died in January 1658.
Callisto series
The Callisto series is a sequence of eight science fiction novels by Lin Carter, of the sword and planet subgenre, first published by Dell Books from 1972-1978. They were written in homage to the Barsoom and Amtor novels of Edgar Rice Burroughs.

Barsoom
Barsoom is a fictional representation of the planet Mars created by American pulp fiction author Edgar Rice Burroughs. The first Barsoom tale was serialized as Under the Moons of Mars in pulp magazine The All-Story from February to July 1912 and published compiled as a novel as A Princess of Mars in 1917. It features John Carter, a late-19th-century American Confederate veteran who is mysteriously transported from Earth to the dying world of Mars where he meets and romances the beautiful Martian princess Dejah Thoris. Ten sequels followed over the next three decades, further extending his vision of Barsoom and adding other characters.

The Barsoom series, particularly the first novel, is considered a major influence on early science fiction.
The Chalice
The Chalice is sculpture in Cathedral Square, Christchurch, New Zealand. Designed by sculptor Neil Dawson, it was created to mark the 150th anniversary of the settlement of Canterbury, and installed in the square in 2001. The conical sculpture features the leaves of New Zealand native plants.

Cathedral Square, Christchurch
Cathedral Square, locally known simply as the Square, is the geographical centre and heart of Christchurch, New Zealand, where the city's Anglican cathedral, Christ Church Cathedral is located. The square stands at the theoretical crossing of the city's two main orthogonal streets, Colombo Street and Worcester Street, though in practice both have been either blocked off or detoured around the square itself. The square was badly damaged in the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake.
The Good Karma Hospital
The Good Karma Hospital is a medical drama series produced by Tiger Aspect Productions for ITV about a disillusioned doctor, Ruby Walker, who travels to South India hoping to make a fresh start. It stars Amanda Redman, Amrita Acharia, James Krishna Floyd, Nimmi Harasgama, and Neil Morrissey. The series is shot in Unawatuna in southern Sri Lanka, Thiranagama Golden Beach Restaurant, and some other places in Galle District.

The series was recommissioned for a second and a third seasons. Filming for the second series started in August 2017 and it was broadcast from 18 March 2018. Series 3 first aired in October 2019 in Australia, with a UK premiere in March 2020. A fourth series started airing in the UK on 23 January 2022. On 8 November 2022 it was announced that the show had been cancelled after its fourth series.

James Krishna Floyd
James Krishna Floyd (born 27 August 1985) is a British actor, director and writer. As an actor he was named a BAFTA Breakthrough Brit and has won a British Independent Film Award. As a director and writer he has been nominated for two British Independent Film Awards.

His films include the acclaimed drama My Brother the Devil, the popular Netflix refugee epic The Swimmers (2022) and his filmmaking debut, the romantic drama Unicorns (2024). On television, he is known for starring in the popular UK series The Good Karma Hospital (2017–2022) and the international hit Hulu drama No Man's Land (2021–2025).
Niobium pentoxide
Niobium pentoxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Nb2O5. A colorless, insoluble, and fairly unreactive solid, it is the most widespread precursor for other compounds and materials containing niobium. It is predominantly used in alloying, with other specialized applications in capacitors, optical glasses, and the production of lithium niobate.

Lithium niobate
Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) is a synthetic salt consisting of niobium, lithium, and oxygen. Its single crystals are an important material for optical waveguides, mobile phones, piezoelectric sensors, optical modulators and various other linear and non-linear optical applications. Lithium niobate is sometimes referred to by the brand name linobate.
Kaituna River
The Kaituna River is in the Bay of Plenty region of the North Island of New Zealand. It is the outflow from Lakes Rotorua and Rotoiti, and flows northwards for 45 kilometres (28 mi), emptying into the Bay of Plenty at Maketu.  It was the subject of a claim concerning the effluent flowing down the river from Lake Rotorua, which resulted in movement to a land treatment system.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "eat eels" for Kaituna.

The upper section of the Kaituna, also referred to as Okere River, offers some of the best whitewater kayaking and rafting in the world, with the Okere Falls area containing the highest commercially rafted waterfall, 7 metres (23 ft), in the world.  It is also famous for its trout fishing.

Okere Falls
Okere Falls is a small town located 21 km from Rotorua on SH 33 between Rotorua and Tauranga on the North Island of New Zealand. The town is situated on the shore of the Okere Inlet of Lake Rotoiti, from which the Kaituna River flows north towards the Bay of Plenty.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "place of drifting" for Ōkere.

Okere Falls is a popular spot for fishing and rafting and is known for its lakeside and waterfalls. There are commercial rafting companies and holiday park accommodation within the town. A seven-metre-high waterfall lays claim to being the highest commercially rafted waterfall in the world.

The community at Okere Falls is home to a shop, and a school at Whangamarino.
Dreistelzberg
The Dreistelzberg, also called the Dreistelzkopf and frequently shortened to Dreistelz, is a mountain, 660.4 m above sea level (NHN),  in the Bavarian part of the Rhön Mountains.

The mountain is not one of the highest Rhön peaks, but thanks to its rather isolated location on the southwestern edge of the range it has a striking appearance, rising prominently above its surroundings.

Rhön Mountains
The Rhön Mountains (German: [ˈʁøːn] ⓘ) are a group of low mountains (or Mittelgebirge) in central Germany, located around the border area where the states of Hesse, Bavaria and Thuringia come together. These mountains, which are at the extreme southeast end of the East Hesse Highlands (Osthessisches Bergland), are partly a result of ancient volcanic activity. They are separated from the Vogelsberg Mountains by the river Fulda and its valley. The highest mountain in the Rhön is the Wasserkuppe (950.2 metres or 3,117 feet), which is in Hesse. The Rhön Mountains are a popular tourist destination and walking area.
Kebir Mosque, Simferopol
The Kebir Mosque (Russian: Кебир-Джами; Ukrainian: Кебір-Джамі; Crimean Tatar: Kebir Cami; Turkish: Kebir Camii, all transliterated as Kebir-Jami) is located in Simferopol, Crimea. The Kebir Mosque is a prominent architectural monument in Simferopol and the oldest building in the city.

Simferopol
Simferopol (/ˌsɪmfəˈroʊpəl/ SIM-fər-OH-pəl), also known as Aqmescit, is the second-largest city on the Crimean Peninsula. The city, along with the rest of Crimea, is internationally recognized as part of Ukraine, but controlled by Russia. It is considered the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

Since 2014 it has been under the de facto control of Russia, which annexed Crimea that year and regards Simferopol as the capital of the Republic of Crimea.

Simferopol is an important political, economic and transport hub of the peninsula, and serves as the administrative centre of both Simferopol Municipality and the surrounding Simferopol District. Its population was 332,317 (2014 Census).

After the 1784 annexation of the Crimean Khanate by the Russian Empire, the Russian empress decreed the foundation of a city named Simferopol on the location of the Crimean Tatar town of Aqmescit ("White Mosque").
Adenanthos sericeus
Adenanthos sericeus, commonly known as  woolly bush, is a shrub native to the south coast of Western Australia. It has bright red but small and obscure flowers, and very soft, deeply divided, hairy leaves.

Adenanthos × cunninghamii
Adenanthos × cunninghamii, commonly known as woollybush, Albany woollybush or prostrate woollybush, is a hybrid shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The Noongar peoples know the plant as boyur.
Gabriela Sabatini
Gabriela Beatriz Sabatini (Spanish pronunciation: [gaˈβɾjela saβaˈtini]; born 16 May 1970) is an Argentine former professional tennis player. A former world No. 3 in both singles and doubles, Sabatini was one of the leading players from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s, amassing 41 titles across both disciplines.

In singles, Sabatini won the 1990 US Open, the WTA Finals in 1988 and 1994, and was runner-up at Wimbledon 1991, the 1988 US Open, and the silver medalist at the 1988 Olympics. In doubles, she won Wimbledon in 1988 partnering with Steffi Graf, and reached three French Open finals. Among Open Era players who did not reach the world No. 1 ranking, Sabatini has the most wins over reigning No. 1 players. In 2006, she was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame, and in 2018, Tennis Magazine ranked her as the 20th-greatest female player of the preceding 50 years.

1991 Wimbledon Championships – Women's singles
Steffi Graf defeated Gabriela Sabatini in the final, 6–4, 3–6, 8–6 to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1991 Wimbledon Championships. It was her third Wimbledon singles title and tenth major singles title overall. It was Sabatini's third and last appearance in a major final.

Martina Navratilova was the defending champion, but lost in the quarterfinals to Jennifer Capriati.
Tranebjerg
Tranebjerg is a town, situated at the south central part of the island of Samsø in Denmark. It is the largest town on Samsø and also the municipal seat of Samsø Municipality.

Tranebjerg is an old town, with a big village church from the 14th century and was once home to Brattingsborg Castle, a royal castle that burned down in the year 1289. Of the more modern facilities the town is home to a tourist office and an Ecomuseum. At the Ecomuseum, restored old buildings like an active oldfashioned smallholding, a skipper-farmhouse, a blacksmith and a grain mill amongst others, exposes the connection between Samsø's landscape, culture and inhabitants through the ages which includes an exhibition of the islands Stone Age past, traced to about 9.000 BC.

Brattingsborg Castle
Brattingsborg Castle (Gammel Brattingsborg) was a royal castle in the town of Tranebjerg on Samsø, Denmark. Brattingsborg castle shared its name with the manor house   Brattingsborg (Brattingsborg Gods). To distinguish the two, the former castle is commonly referred to as Old Brattingsborg (Gammel Brattingsborg).
2014 New Orleans Bowl
The 2014 New Orleans Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 20, 2014 at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana. The fourteenth annual New Orleans Bowl, it pitted the Nevada Wolf Pack of the Mountain West Conference against the Louisiana-Lafayette Ragin' Cajuns of the Sun Belt Conference. The game began at 10:00 a.m. CST and aired on ESPN.  It was the first of the 2014–15 bowl games that concluded the 2014 FBS football season.  Sponsored by freight shipping company R+L Carriers, the game was officially known as the R+L Carriers New Orleans Bowl.  Louisiana–Lafayette beat Nevada by a score of 16–3.

2014 Louisiana–Lafayette Ragin' Cajuns football team
The 2014 Louisiana–Lafayette Ragin' Cajuns football program represented the University of Louisiana at Lafayette in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season.  The team was led by fourth-year head coach Mark Hudspeth.  The Ragin' Cajuns played their home games at Cajun Field and competed in the Sun Belt Conference. They finished the season 9–4 overall and 7–1 in Sun Belt play to finish in second place. They were invited to the New Orleans Bowl, for the fourth consecutive year, where they defeated Nevada. However, in 2015 Louisiana–Lafayette vacated two wins due to major NCAA violations.
Charlie Maynard
Charles Adrian MacFie Maynard (born February 1971) is a British politician who has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Witney since 2024. A member of the Liberal Democrats, he gained the seat from Robert Courts, a member of the Conservative Party. Maynard has been a member of West Oxfordshire District Council since 2022.

Robert Courts
Robert Alexander Courts KC (born 21 October 1978) is a British Conservative politician and barrister who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Witney from 2016 to 2024. He served as Solicitor General for England and Wales from December 2023 to 2024. He previously served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Transport in the Johnson government from 2020 to 2022 and served as Chair of the Defence Select Committee from October to December 2023.

Courts was elected for Witney at a by-election in 2016, succeeding former Prime Minister David Cameron, but was defeated in the 2024 general election.
Mandy Sekiguchi
Mandy Sekiguchi (関口 メンディー; Sekiguchi Mendi, born January 25, 1991) is an American-born Japanese actor, dancer, rapper and a former member of J-Pop groups Generations from Exile Tribe, Exile and Honest Boyz.

Generations from Exile Tribe
Generations from Exile Tribe (Japanese: ジェネレーションズ・フロム・エグザイル・トライブ, stylized as GENERATIONS from EXILE TRIBE and formerly known as Generations) is a six-member Japanese dance and vocal group formed and managed by LDH. The group is part of the "Exile Tribe" collective related to Exile and is signed to the record label Rhythm Zone from the Avex Group. Generations debuted on 21 November 2012.
Arthur II, Duke of Brittany
Arthur II (25 July 1261 – 27 August 1312), of the House of Dreux, was Duke of Brittany from 1305 to his death. He was the first son of John II and Beatrice, daughter of Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence.

After he inherited the ducal throne, his brother John became Earl of Richmond.

As duke, Arthur was independent of the French crown. He divided his duchy into eight "battles": Léon, Kernev, Landreger, Penteur, Gwened, Naoned, Roazhon, and Sant Malou. In 1309, he convoked the first Estates of Brittany. It was the first time in French history that the third estate was represented.

Arthur died at Château de l'Isle in Saint Denis en Val and was interred in a marble tomb of the cordeliers of Vannes. The tomb was vandalised during the French Revolution, but later repaired and is on display today.

Vannes
Vannes (French pronunciation: [van] ⓘ; Breton: Gwened, pronounced [ˈɡweːnet], [ˈɡɥeːnet]) is a commune in the French department of Morbihan, Brittany, northwestern mainland France. It was founded over 2,000 years ago.
Skomer Marine Conservation Zone
Skomer Marine Conservation Zone is an underwater marine nature reserve located off the coast of Pembrokeshire in Wales. The nature reserve completely surrounds the islands of Skomer and Middleholm, and encompasses the mainland coastline around the end of the Marloes peninsula, including the small bay of Martin's Haven.

The sea bed and rocky shelves of the island are teeming with life. Common eelgrass, Zostera marina, one of the very few plants that flower underwater, grows on beds of sand and gravel in sheltered waters and its long, grass-like leaves form underwater lawns that provide food and shelter for other plants and animals. Species of lobsters, crabs and other crustaceans abound, and grey seals give birth on the coast in October and November.

Skomer
Skomer (Welsh: Ynys Sgomer) or Skomer Island is an island off the coast of Pembrokeshire, in the community of Marloes and St Brides in west Wales. It is well known for its wildlife: around half the world's population of Manx shearwaters nest on the island, the Atlantic puffin colony is the largest in southern Britain, and the Skomer vole (a subspecies of the bank vole) is unique to the island. Skomer is a national nature reserve, a Site of Special Scientific Interest and a Special Protection Area. It is surrounded by a marine nature reserve and is managed by the Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales.

Skomer is known for its archaeological interest: stone circles, standing stone and remains of prehistoric houses. Much of the island has been designated an ancient monument.
Bridge–tunnel
A bridge–tunnel is a persistent, unbroken road or rail connection across water that uses a combination of bridges and tunnels, and sometimes causeways, and does not involve intermittent connections such as drawbridges or ferries.

Bridge–tunnels are a form of fixed link or fixed crossing which replaces ferry service. Fixed links are often, but not necessarily, intercontinental links between continents or transoceanic links to offshore islands.

Intercontinental and transoceanic fixed links
A fixed link or fixed crossing is a permanent, unbroken road or rail connection across water that uses some combination of bridges, tunnels, and causeways and does not involve intermittent connections such as drawbridges or ferries. A bridge–tunnel combination is commonly used for major fixed links.

This is a list of proposed and actual transport links between continents and to offshore islands. See also list of bridge–tunnels for another list of fixed links including links across rivers, bays and lakes.
Terry v. United States
Terry v. United States, 593 U.S. ___ (2021), was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with retroactive changes to prison sentences for drug-possession crimes related to the Fair Sentencing Act of 2010, its retroactive nature established by the First Step Act of 2018. In a unanimous judgement, the Court ruled that while the First Step Act does allow for retroactive considerations of sentence reductions for drug-possession crimes prior to 2010, this only covers those that were sentenced under minimum sentencing requirements.

First Step Act
The First Step Act, formally known as the Formerly Incarcerated Reenter Society Transformed Safely Transitioning Every Person Act, is a bipartisan criminal justice bill passed by the 115th U.S. Congress and signed by President Donald Trump in December 2018. The act enacted several changes in U.S. federal criminal law aimed at reforming federal prisons and sentencing laws in order to reduce recidivism, decreasing the federal inmate population, and maintaining public safety.
Estádio Orlando Rodrigues
Estádio Orlando Rodrigues is a multi-use stadium in Tarrafal de São Nicolau on the island of São Nicolau, Cape Verde and are one of two on the island. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of FC Ultramarina and AJAT'SN, clubs from other parts of the municipality plays at the stadium, the only one being FC Praia Branca from the north of the municipality. The stadium holds 3,000 people, and its ground is artificial grass with its size being 106 x 68 metres. The stadium is operated by the São Nicolau Regional Football Association (ARFSN).

FC Ultramarina
Futebol Clube de Ultramarina (Portuguese meaning "overseas", Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: Futebil Klubi di Ultramarina) is a football (soccer) club that plays in the São Nicolau Island League in Cape Verde.  It is based in the city of Tarrafal in the island of São Nicolau.  The team has only reached a few of the final games before and after independence.

Ultramarina is São Nicolau's most successful football (soccer) club having won about 24 official regional titles.  The team currently has ten championship titles since their recent championship victory was during the 2014/15 season and continues the claim the most titles on the island.
Mullapudi Venkata Ramana
Mullapudi Venkata Ramana (28 June 1931 – 24 February 2011) was an Indian writer known for his work in Telugu language. Noted for his humorous and metaphorical style of writing, Mullapudi received Raghupathi Venkaiah Award from the Government of Andhra Pradesh in 1986 for his contributions to Telugu cinema and he also won six Nandi Awards.

Mullapudi is noted for his association with Bapu, who both worked together as Bapu–Ramana. The director–writer duo went onto make many successful films such as Bangaru Pichika (1968), Andala Ramudu (1973), Sampoorna Ramayanam (1973), Mutyala Muggu (1975), Pelli Pustakam (1993), Mister Pellam (1995), and Radha Gopalam (2005). He is also an essayist and cartoonist who is known for creating Budugu, a character considered as a corner stone for Telugu children's literature.

Pelli Pustakam (1991 film)
Pelli Pustakam (transl. The Marriage Book) is a 1991 Telugu-language romantic comedy film directed by Bapu. The film was produced and co-written by Mullapudi Venkata Ramana. It stars Rajendra Prasad and Divyavani with music composed by K. V. Mahadevan. The film won three Nandi Awards, and was premiered in Indian Panorama section at the International Film Festival of India.
Mahendranath Ray
The Honourable Babu Mahendranath Ray CIE HonFRS FRASB FIAS (1861–1925), was an Indian lawyer, independence activist, social worker, mathematician, educationist and a politician. He was involved in the Indian freedom movement and was the first Indian elected chairperson of the Howrah Municipal corporation. He was one of the founders of Asutosh College in Calcutta and was one of the most influential people of Howrah. For his political works, commendable legal career and contributions to society, he was awarded the Companion of the Indian Empire in 1911 at the Delhi Durbar.

Howrah
Howrah (/ˈhaʊrə/; Bengali: [ˈɦao̯ɽa]) is a city and a municipal corporation in the Indian state of West Bengal. Howrah is located on the western bank of the Hooghly River, opposite to its twin city of Kolkata. Administratively Howrah lies within Howrah district and is the headquarters of the Howrah Sadar subdivision. It is also a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). Howrah is an important industrial and transportation hub, and is also a gateway to Kolkata via Howrah railway station and Howrah Bridge.