hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aspergillum
An aspergillum ("little sprinkler", less commonly, aspergilium, aspergil or asperger) is a Christian liturgical implement used to sprinkle holy water. It comes in three forms: a freshly cut hyssop branch, a brush-like bundle that is dipped in the holy water and shaken, and a perforated, mace-like metal ball with a handle. Some have sponges or internal reservoirs that dispense holy water when shaken, while others must periodically be dipped in an aspersorium (holy water bucket, known to art historians as a situla).

Holy water
Holy water is water that has been blessed by a member of the clergy or a religious figure, or derived from a well or spring considered holy. The use for cleansing prior to a baptism and spiritual cleansing is common in several religions, from Christianity to Sikhism. The use of holy water as a sacramental for protection against evil is common among Catholics, Eastern Christians, and some Protestants.
Yamal 203
Yamal 203 (Russian: Ямал-203) was a geostationary communications satellite ordered by Gazkom to RSC Energia. It was to be a twin of Yamal 201 and was supposed to ride along with Yamal 204 on what would have been the third launch of the Yamal program. As a copy of Yamal 201, it would be the second iteration of the USP Bus. It would have been a 1,351 kg (2,978 lb) satellite with 4,080W of power (3.4 kW at end of life) on an unpressurized bus. It would have had eight SPT-70 electric thrusters by OKB Fakel for station keeping. Its payload was 9 C band and 6 Ku band transponders to be supplied by Space Systems Loral.

Yamal 201
Yamal-201 (Russian: Ямал-201) was a geostationary communications satellite operated by Gazprom Space Systems and built by RSC Energia. It was, along with Yamal-202 the second dual launch of the Yamal programme and the second iteration of the USP Bus. It was a 1,360 kg (3,000 lb) satellite with 4,080 watts of power (3.4 kW at end of life) on an unpressurized bus. It had eight SPT-70 electric thrusters by OKB Fakel for station keeping. Its payload was 9 C-band and 6 Ku-band transponders supplied by Space Systems/Loral.
Mar del Plata Championships
The Mar del Plata Championships was a combined clay court tennis tournament founded in 1936. It was Temperley Lawn Tennis Club (founded 1920), Temperley, Buenos Aires, Argentina until 1946 as part of the ILTF South America Circuit when it was discontinued.

It was the percussor tournament to the later Mar del Plata Invitation later called the Mar del Plata Open.

Mar del Plata Open (tennis)
The Mar del Plata Open is a defunct Grand Prix affiliated men's tennis tournament founded in 1979 as the Mar del Plata Invitation. It was held at the Patinódromo Municipal, Mar del Plata in Argentina and played on outdoor clay courts.
Llys Euryn
53°18′18″N 3°45′14″W﻿ / ﻿53.305°N 3.754°W﻿ / 53.305; -3.754
The ruined remains of Llys Euryn (Welsh: [ˈɛirɪn]; /ˈɛərɪn/ AYR-in) sit upon a wooded shoulder of Bryn Euryn — a limestone hill on the outskirts of Rhos-on-Sea (Welsh: Llandrillo-yn-Rhos) in the county of Conwy, north Wales.
Three sides of the building remain, with the remains of interior walls, a complete fireplace and chimney stack rising to around 50 feet, two other fireplaces and windows. More than anything else, its history makes this one of the more intriguing and important historical buildings in north Wales.

Bryn Euryn
Bryn Euryn (Welsh: [ˈɛirɪn]; /ˈɛərɪn/ AYR-in) is a hill which is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in Conwy County Borough, Wales. There is a trig point at the summit. It lies above the seaside town of Rhos-on-Sea and village of Mochdre, Conwy. It is 131 metres (430 feet) above sea level, and is listed as a HuMP.
At the bottom of the hill are the remains of Llys Euryn.
Franco Faccio
Francesco (Franco) Antonio Faccio (8 March 1840 – 21 July 1891) was an Italian composer and conductor. Born in Verona, he studied music at the Milan Conservatory from 1855 where he was a pupil of Stefano Ronchetti-Monteviti and, as scholar William Ashbrook notes, "where he struck up a lifelong friendship with Arrigo Boito, two years his junior" and with whom he was to collaborate in many ways.

Initially, he became known as the composer of two operas and, in his years (1871–1889) as music director of the Teatro alla Scala opera house, Faccio became known as a conductor of Verdi's music  at La Scala, in different parts of Italy, and abroad.

Arrigo Boito
Arrigo Boito (Italian: [arˈriːɡo ˈbɔito]; born Enrico Giuseppe Giovanni Boito; 24 February 1842 –  10 June 1918) was an Italian librettist, composer, poet and critic whose only completed opera was Mefistofele. Among the operas for which he wrote the libretti are Giuseppe Verdi's monumental last two operas Otello and Falstaff as well as Amilcare Ponchielli's La Gioconda.

Along with Emilio Praga and his brother Camillo Boito, he is regarded as one of the prominent representatives of the Scapigliatura (Italian bohemian) artistic movement. He wrote essays under the anagrammatic pseudonym of Tobia Gorrio.
Pradeep Kumar (musician)
Pradeep Rangaswamy Kumar (born 12 May 1986) is an Indian playback singer and music director who has worked in Tamil language films. After beginning his career as a Carnatic musician, he has regularly collaborated with composers Santhosh Narayanan and Sean Roldan.

Santhosh Narayanan
Santhosh Narayanan (born 15 May 1983) is an Indian film composer, music producer and singer, primarily active in Tamil cinema, also having composed for notable Telugu and Malayalam films. Narayanan made his debut as an independent composer with the 2012 film Attakathi, directed by Pa. Ranjith. His further collaborations with directors Pa. Ranjith, Karthik Subbaraj, and Mari Selvaraj have resulted in celebrated scores for films such as Pizza (2012), Jigarthanda (2014), Kabali (2016), Vada Chennai (2018), Pariyerum Perumal (2018), Sarpatta Parambarai (2021), and Karnan (2021). Narayanan is considered a prominent figure in contemporary South Indian film music.
Cesareo Guillermo
Cesáreo Guillermo y Bastardo (March 8, 1847 – November 8, 1885) was President of the Dominican Republic in 1878 and in 1879. His parents were Pedro Guillermo and Rosalía Bastardo. He entered the Dominican military at age 16.

Pedro Guillermo
Pedro Guillermo y Guerrero (June 29, 1814 – February 18, 1867) was a soldier, merchant, and politician from the Dominican Republic.  He served as president of the provisional government junta of the Dominican Republic from November 15, 1865 until December 8 of that year.

He fought in the Dominican War of Independence, specifically in the Battle of Azua, Battle of Estrelleta, Battle of El Número, and the Battle of Las Carreras. During the Spain's annexation of the Dominican Republic in 1861, Guillermo was opposed and organized the first uprising at Hato Mayor del Rey on October 2, 1863.

He became president of the Republic on November 15, 1865, until the arrival of Buenaventura Báez on December 8, 1865. During his government, he concentrated all of his energy on fighting for Buenaventura Báez's return to power.
Nappe
In geology, a nappe or thrust sheet is a large sheetlike body of rock that has been moved more than 2 km (1.2 mi) or 5 km (3.1 mi) above a thrust fault from its original position. Nappes form in compressional tectonic settings like continental collision zones or on the overriding plate in active subduction zones. Nappes form when a mass of rock is forced (or "thrust") over another rock mass, typically on a low angle fault plane. The resulting structure may include large-scale recumbent folds, shearing along the fault plane, imbricate thrust stacks, fensters and klippes.

The term stems from the French word for tablecloth in allusion to a rumpled tablecloth being pushed across a table.

Window (geology)
A tectonic window, or fenster (lit. "window" in German), is a geologic structure formed by erosion or normal faulting on a thrust system. In such a system the rock mass (hanging wall block) that has been transported by movement along the thrust is called a nappe. When erosion or normal faulting produces a hole in the nappe where the underlying autochthonous (i.e. un-transported) rocks crop out this is called a window.
Klippen are also a feature near windows.

The klippe is the remnant portion of a nappe after erosion has removed connecting portions of the nappe. This process results in an outlier of exotic, often nearly horizontally translated strata overlying autochthonous strata.

Windows can be almost any size, from a couple of metres to hundreds of kilometres. Well known examples of tectonic windows are Hohe Tauern window in Eastern Alps or Hrzdavá dolina tectonic window in Western Carpathians.
Old Holbrook
Old Holbrook (formerly known as Northlands) is a hamlet in the Horsham district of West Sussex, England. This rural hamlet is located north of the Horsham residential area of Holbrook beyond the A264. It is bordered by Graylands to the west, Wimlands to the east, and Green Lane on its northern perimeter.

Graylands
Graylands is a hamlet in the Horsham district of West Sussex, England. The largely rural hamlet is located north of Holbrook beyond the A264. It is bordered by Langhurstwood Road to the west, Old Holbrook to the east, and Green Lane on its northern perimeter.
Al-Kafi (al-Shahid)
Al-Kafi (Arabic: الكافي) is a 10th-century classical Hanafi text authored by Hakim al-Shahid. It is primarily based on the six books of Muhammad al-Shaybani, known as Zahir al-Riwayah, and also incorporates two other works by al-Shaybani not counted among the Zahir al-Riwayah, as well as Ikhtilaf Abi Hanifa wa Ibn Abi Layla. The author removed repetitions and organized the material according to the chapters of jurisprudence (fiqh). Al-Kafi is regarded as the principal source of Hanafi fiqh after the works of al-Shaybani. It is al-Shahid's most significant work and the only one to survive to the present day. Approximately 150 years later, al-Sarakhsi composed a commentary on this text, titled Al-Mabsut, which attained canonical status within the Hanafi school. Together, these works constitute the primary sources of Hanafi legal tradition.

Al-Mabsut
Al-Mabsut (Arabic: المبسوط) is an 11th-century classical Hanafi legal text written by al-Sarakhsi. It covers the fundamental principles of the Hanafi school and serves as a commentary on Al-Kafi by Hakim al-Shahid, which was itself based mainly on the six canonical works of Muhammad al-Shaybani, a student of Abu Hanifa. Al-Sarakhsi composed the work largely during his imprisonment. As he had no access to books or references, his students would read al-Kafi aloud to him, and he would explain and expand upon it from memory. His students recorded his dictations, which became the text of al-Mabsut. It virtually became the chief text of the Hanafi school.
Sa'ad Musa
The Sa'ad Musa or Saad Musa (Somali: Sacad Muuse, Arabic: سعد موسى, Full Name: Saad ibn Musa ibn Zubayr ibn Abd al-Raḥmān ibn ash-Shaykh Isḥāq ibn Aḥmad) is a northern Somali clan. Its members form a part of the Habr Awal, the largest and most populated sub-clan of the Isaaq clan family. The Sa'ad Musa traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, coastal people, merchants and farmers.The clan inhabits Hargeisa city Somaliland where they are the majority, including Maroodi Jeex, Awdal and Sahil as well as Djibouti, the Somali Region of Ethiopia, Somalia,  Kenya and Tanzania.

Habr Awal
The Habr Awal, alternately known as the Zubeyr Awal (Somali: Habar Awal) is one of the largest sub-clans of the wider Isaaq clan family, and is further divided into eight sub-clans of whom the two largest and most prominent are the Issa Musa and Sa'ad Musa sub-clans. Its members form a part of the Habar Magadle confederation.

The Habr Awal traditionally consists of nomadic pastoralists, coastal people, merchants and farmers. They are historically viewed as an affluent clan in the horn Africa that played a huge part for Somaliland's independence. The Habar Awal are politically and economically influential in present-day Somaliland as well as the Horn of Africa at large, and they reside in strategic coastal and fertile lands.
Nama assemblage
The Nama assemblage was the last of the Ediacaran biotic assemblages. Following the Avalon and White Sea assemblages, it spanned from c. 550 Ma to c. 539 Ma, coinciding with the Terminal Ediacaran biozone. The assemblage was characterized by a faunal turnover, with the decline of the preexisting White Sea biota. The drop of diversity has been compared to the mass extinctions of the Phanerozoic. A second drop of diversity occurred at the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary, concluding the Nama assemblages with the end-Ediacaran extinction.

White Sea assemblage
The White Sea assemblage, also known as the Ediacaran assemblage, was the second of the three Late Ediacaran biotic assemblages of fossils, following the Avalon assemblage and preceding the Nama assemblage.
Ogbaru boat disaster
The Ogbaru boat disaster, also called the Ogbaru boat mishap or Anambra boat mishap, was the accidental sinking of a boat on the Niger River in Nigeria on 7 October 2022, causing 76 deaths. It took place during the 2022 Nigeria floods.

2022 Nigeria floods
The 2022 Nigeria floods affected many parts of the country. From the Federal Government Data, the floods had displaced over 1.4 million people, killed over 603 people, and injured more than 2,400 people. About 82,035 houses had been damaged, and 332,327 hectares of land had also been affected.

While Nigeria typically experiences seasonal flooding, this flood was the worst in the country since the 2012 floods.

As of October, over 200,000 homes were completely or partially destroyed by the floods. On 7 October, a boat carrying people fleeing the floods capsized on the Niger River, causing 76 deaths.

The flooding was caused by heavy rainfall and climate change as well as the release of water from the Lagdo Dam in neighbouring Cameroon, which began on 13 September. Flooding, which affected Nigeria, Niger, Chad, and the surrounding region, began in the early summer of 2022 and ended in October.
Cornerstone (charity)
Cornerstone, formerly known as Cornerstone Community Care, is a Scottish charity and social enterprise that provides care and support for people with learning disabilities, autism and complex care needs. It was founded in 1980 in Aberdeen and, since obtaining charitable status in 1981[1], Cornerstone has grown to become one of the largest charities in Scotland[2].

Social care in Scotland
Social care in Scotland encompasses social work; care home services in the community for adults, children and young people; and services for young children, including nurseries and after-school care clubs.
No Manches Frida
No Manches Frida (also known as El profesor sustituto) is a 2016 comedy film, a remake of the film Fack ju Göhte. The film stars Omar Chaparro and Martha Higareda in the lead roles. It was produced by Lionsgate and released in the United States on 2 September 2016, by Pantelion Films. The cinema chain AMC Theatres put the film into general distribution in the United States and Mexico in September 2016. A sequel, No Manches Frida 2, was released in March 2019.

No manches Frida 2
No Manches Frida 2: Paraíso Destruido is a 2019 comedy film directed by Nacho G. Velilla. A sequel to the 2016 film No Manches Frida, and loosely based on the German film Fack ju Göhte 2 (intentional misspelling of "Fuck you, Goethe"), it stars Omar Chaparro, Martha Higareda, Carla Adell and Mario Morán.

Despite a generally negative critical reception, the film performed well at the box office and is the third highest-grossing Mexican film with a gross of $325.4 million pesos (US$26 million). It was released in the United States on 15 March 2019, through Pantelion Films, and in Mexico on 12 April 2019.
1921 UCI Road World Championships
The 1921 UCI Road World Championships (the annual world championships for bicycle road racing organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale) took place in Copenhagen, Denmark on Thursday 4 August 1921. It was the first official World Championships organized by the UCI. The championships were only for amateur men. Four men per nation could participate.

From 30 July to 8 August, the 1921 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were organized on the velodrome of Ordrup, near Copenhagen.

1921 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 1921 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championship for track cycling. They took place in Copenhagen, Denmark from 30 July to 8 August 1921. Three events for men were contested, two for professionals and one for amateurs.
Butanol
Butanol (also called butyl alcohol) is a four-carbon alcohol with a formula of C4H9OH, which occurs in five isomeric structures (four structural isomers), from a straight-chain primary alcohol to a branched-chain tertiary alcohol; all are a butyl or isobutyl group linked to a hydroxyl group (sometimes represented as BuOH, sec-BuOH, i-BuOH, and t-BuOH). These are 1-butanol, two stereoisomers of sec-butyl alcohol, isobutanol and tert-butyl alcohol. Butanol is primarily used as a solvent and as an intermediate in chemical synthesis, and may be used as a fuel. Biologically produced butanol is called biobutanol, which may be n-butanol or isobutanol.

1-Butanol
1-Butanol, also known as butan-1-ol or n-butanol, is a primary alcohol with the chemical formula C4H9OH and a linear structure. Isomers of 1-butanol are isobutanol, butan-2-ol and tert-butanol. The unmodified term butanol usually refers to the straight chain isomer.

1-Butanol occurs naturally as a minor product of the ethanol fermentation of sugars and other saccharides and is present in many foods and drinks. It is also a permitted artificial flavorant in the United States, used in butter, cream, fruit, rum, whiskey, ice cream and ices, candy, baked goods, and cordials. It is also used in a wide range of consumer products.

The largest use of 1-butanol is as an industrial intermediate, particularly for the manufacture of butyl acetate (itself an artificial flavorant and industrial solvent). It is a petrochemical derived from propylene. Estimated production figures for 1997 are: United States 784,000 tonnes; Western Europe 575,000 tonnes; Japan 225,000 tonnes.
Oryctoantiquus
Oryctoantiquus is a genus of middle Eocene beetles in the Dynastinae clade. Oryctoantiquus is known for being the oldest known genus of Dynastinae and is also known for being the largest discovered Scarabaeidae so far. The genus only has one known species, O. borealis. The species and genus was found in Oregon, United States (specifically north-central Oregon) and dates from around 44.6 million years to 46.8 million years ago in the Clarno formation, middle Eocene epoch.

Dynastinae
Dynastinae or rhinoceros beetles are a subfamily of the scarab beetle family (Scarabaeidae), named for their rhinoceros-like horns. Other common names – some for particular groups of rhinoceros beetles – include Hercules beetles, unicorn beetles or horn beetles. Over 1,500 species and 225 genera of rhinoceros beetles are known.

Many rhinoceros beetles are well known for their unique shapes and large sizes. Some famous species are, for example, the Atlas beetle (Chalcosoma atlas), common rhinoceros beetle (Xylotrupes ulysses), elephant beetle (Megasoma elephas), European rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes nasicornis), Hercules beetle (Dynastes hercules), Japanese rhinoceros beetle or kabutomushi (Allomyrina dichotoma), ox beetle (Strategus aloeus) and the Eastern Hercules beetle (Dynastes tityus).
Indian Mesa
Indian Mesa is a flat top hill whose sides are steep cliffs. Indian Mesa is located within the Lake Pleasant Regional Park grounds by the shores of Lake Pleasant and Agua Fria River in the Bradshaw Mountain Range. Lake Pleasant Regional Park is within the municipal boundaries of Peoria, Arizona. On top of the mesa there are ruins of a prehistoric Hohokam village which is monitored by the Arizona Site Stewards and considered an important archaeological site by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. There is a small, steep and narrow path which begins at the skirt of the hill and leads to the top of the mesa.

Lake Pleasant Regional Park
Lake Pleasant Regional Park is a large outdoors recreation area straddling the Maricopa and Yavapai county border northwest of Phoenix, Arizona. The park is located within the municipal boundaries of Peoria, Arizona, and serves as a major recreation hub for the northwest Phoenix metropolitan area. It is operated by the Maricopa County Parks and Recreation Department.
Alternative Service Book
Christianity portal

The Alternative Service Book 1980 (ASB) was the first complete prayer book produced by the Church of England since 1662. Its name derives from the fact that it was proposed not as a replacement for the 1662 Book of Common Prayer (BCP) but merely as an alternative to it. In practice, it was so popular that the various printers had to produce several editions very quickly and churches which retained the BCP drew attention to this fact as something to be noted. The Prayer Book Society soon complained that it was becoming hard to find a church which used the old prayer book and that theological colleges were not introducing students to it. It has now been replaced by Common Worship.

Common Worship
Common Worship is a series of liturgical books authorised by the General Synod of the Church of England and launched on the first Sunday of Advent in 2000. It represents the most recent stage of development of the  Liturgical Movement within the Church and is the successor to the Alternative Service Book  (ASB) of 1980. Like the ASB, it is an alternative to the 1662 Book of Common Prayer (BCP), which officially remains the normative liturgy of the Church of England.

It has been published as a series of books, rather than a single volume, offering a wider choice of forms of worship than any of its predecessors. It was drafted by the Church of England's Liturgical Commission; the material was then either authorised by General Synod (sometimes with amendments) or simply commended for use by the House of Bishops.
Doll i' the Grass
Doll i' the Grass (Dukken i Gresset) is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe in their Norske Folkeeventyr.

It is Aarne-Thompson type 402, Animal Brides.  Another tale of this type is The Frog Princess.

The Frog Princess
The Frog Princess is a fairy tale that has multiple versions with various origins. It is classified as type 402, the animal bride, in the Aarne–Thompson index. Another tale of this type is the Norwegian Doll i' the Grass. Eastern European variants include the Frog Princess or Tsarevna Frog («Царевна Лягушка», Tsarevna Lyagushka) and also Vasilisa the Wise («Василиса Премудрая», Vasilisa Premudraya); Alexander Afanasyev collected variants in his Narodnye russkie skazki, a collection which included folk tales from Ukraine and Belarus alongside Russian tales.

"The Frog Princess" can be compared to the similar western European fairy tale "The Frog Prince".
Massachusetts Public Interest Research Group
Massachusetts Public Interest Research Group (MASSPIRG) is a non-profit organization that is one of the largest of the state PIRG organizations. It works on a variety of political activities, including textbook trading on college campuses. They also provide internships and work study jobs for students on Massachusetts college campuses. Along with the Massachusetts Service Alliance, MASSPIRG helped to create Massachusetts Community Water Watch, an organization that works specifically on environmental politics.  Student funding of MASSPIRG has been criticized at several schools where students wish to see MASSPIRG funding cut, citing that the mandatory fees do not effectively contribute directly to any cause on campus, and are a complication to students forced to pay "already tedious" tuition fees.

Public Interest Research Group
Public Interest Research Groups (PIRGs) are U.S. and Canadian non-profit organizations that employ grassroots organizing and direct advocacy on issues such as consumer protection, public health and transportation. Many of the PIRGs are closely affiliated with the Fund for the Public Interest, which conducts fundraising and canvassing on their behalf.