hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Bachelorette (American TV series) season 12
The twelfth season of The Bachelorette premiered on ABC on May 23, 2016. This season featured 25-year-old Joelle "JoJo" Fletcher, a real estate developer from Dallas, Texas. Fletcher was the runner-up on season 20 of The Bachelor featuring Ben Higgins.

The season concluded on August 1, 2016, with Fletcher accepting a proposal from 27-year-old former pro quarterback Jordan Rodgers. Rodgers and Fletcher married on May 14, 2022, and currently live in Dallas.

Contestant Chad Johnson, who was eliminated in Week 4, achieved some level of infamy in 2020 due to his arrest for domestic violence and the launch of a career in pornography.

The Bachelor (American TV series) season 20
The twentieth season of The Bachelor premiered on January 4, 2016. This season featured 26-year-old Ben Higgins, a software salesman from Warsaw, Indiana.

Higgins attended Indiana University, where he graduated with a BS in business administration and management through the school of public and environmental affairs (SPEA). In addition, he was also a member of Delta Upsilon's Indiana chapter where he served as the vice president of external affairs. He finished in third place on the 11th season of The Bachelorette featuring Kaitlyn Bristowe.

The season concluded on March 14, 2016, with Higgins choosing to propose to 25-year-old flight attendant Lauren Bushnell. They ended their engagement on May 15, 2017.
Half-pass
The half-pass is a lateral movement seen in dressage, in which the horse moves forward and sideways at the same time. Unlike the easier leg-yield, the horse is bent in the direction of travel, slightly around the rider's inside leg. The outside hind and forelegs should cross over the inside legs, with the horse's body parallel to the arena wall and his forehand leading. The horse should remain forward, balanced, and bent, moving with cadence. The inside hind leg remains engaged throughout the half-pass, and the horse should not lose its rhythm.

The half-pass is a variation of haunches-in (travers), executed on a diagonal line instead of along the wall.  At higher levels it is used to perform a counter-change of hand, combining  more than two half-passes with changes of direction in a zig-zag pattern.

Leg-yield
The leg-yield is a lateral movement in which a horse travels both forward and sideways at the same time. The horse is fairly straight through his body in the leg-yield, although he may have a slight bend opposite to the direction of travel. It is one of the "three initial movements leading up to true lateral work", the others being the turn on the forehand and the shoulder-fore.
Kamchatka earthquakes
Many major earthquakes have occurred in the region of the Kamchatka Peninsula in far eastern Russia. Events in 1737, 1841, February 1923, April 1923, 1952, and 2025 were megathrust earthquakes and caused tsunamis. There are many more earthquakes and tsunamis originating from the region.

Kamchatka Peninsula
The Kamchatka Peninsula (Russian: полуо́стров Камча́тка, romanized: poluóstrov Kamchátka, pronounced [pəlʊˈostrəf kɐmˈt͡ɕætkə], Ainu: Cupka) is a 1,250-kilometre-long (777 mi) peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about 270,000 km2 (100,000 sq mi). The Sea of Okhotsk bounds the peninsula's western coastline, immediately offshore of the peninsula and below the Bering Sea runs the 9,600-metre-deep (31,496 ft) Kuril–Kamchatka Trench. Its eastern coastline is the Bering Sea, part of the Pacific Ocean.

The Kamchatka Peninsula, the Commander Islands, and Karaginsky Island constitute Kamchatka Krai of the Russian Federation. The majority of the 322,079 inhabitants are ethnic Russians, with about 13,000 being Koryaks (2014). More than half of the population lives in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (179,526 in 2010) and nearby Yelizovo (38,980). The Kamchatka Peninsula contains the volcanoes of Kamchatka, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, that form part of the Ring of Fire.
North Hykeham
North Hykeham is an industrial town and civil parish in the North Kesteven District of Lincolnshire, England. It is located directly south of the city of Lincoln, where it forms the southern part of the wider Lincoln Urban Area along with Waddington, Bracebridge Heath, Canwick and South Hykeham. The parish covering the town had a population of 16,844 in the 2021 Census.

South Hykeham
South Hykeham is a village and civil parish in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 835.   It is situated approximately 3 miles (5 km) south-west of Lincoln, and on the A1434 road. Since 1931, South Hykeham formed part of the civil parish of Aubourn Haddington and South Hykeham, but this relationship was broken in 1991 and South Hykeham is again a civil parish. It today forms part of the wider Lincoln Urban Area and is contigious with North Hykeham.

South Hykeham is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086, in which it is described as "Hichum", with 14 households and two fisheries.

The Grade II* listed parish church is dedicated to Saint Michael and dates from the 13th century, although it was restored and added to by Drury and Mortimer in 1869.

South Hykeham Community Primary School was built in 1869 as a National school.
St. Joseph metropolitan area
The St. Joseph Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of four counties - three in northwest Missouri (Andrew, Buchanan, and DeKalb) and one in northeast Kansas (Doniphan) - anchored by the city of St. Joseph, comprising a total area of 1,673.93 square miles (4,335.5 km2). As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 121,467. It is part of the wider Kansas City-Overland Park-Kansas City, MO-KS CSA.

Doniphan County, Kansas
Doniphan County is the northeasternmost county in the U.S. state of Kansas. Its county seat is Troy, and its most populous city is Wathena. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 7,510.  The county was named after Alexander Doniphan, a Mexican–American War hero.  It is bounded on the east by the Missouri River, to the south by Atchison County and to the west by Brown County.
Stenoscelida
Stenoscelida (meaning "narrow hind leg") is a genus of proterochampsid archosauriforms from the Late Triassic Santa Maria Supersequence (Paraná Basin) of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The genus contains a single species, S. aurantiacus, known from a right hind limb.

Proterochampsidae
Proterochampsidae is a family of proterochampsian archosauriforms. Proterochampsids may have filled an ecological niche similar to modern crocodiles, and had a general crocodile-like appearance. They lived in what is now South America in the Middle and Late Triassic.
Newton's identities
In mathematics, Newton's identities, also known as the Girard–Newton formulae, give relations between two types of symmetric polynomials, namely between power sums and elementary symmetric polynomials. Evaluated at the roots of a monic polynomial P in one variable, they allow expressing the sums of the k-th powers of all roots of P (counted with their multiplicity) in terms of the coefficients of P, without actually finding those roots. These identities were found by Isaac Newton around 1666, apparently in ignorance of earlier work (1629) by Albert Girard.  They have applications in many areas of mathematics, including Galois theory, invariant theory, group theory, combinatorics, as well as further applications outside mathematics, including general relativity.

Elementary symmetric polynomial
In mathematics, specifically in commutative algebra, the elementary symmetric polynomials are one type of basic building block for symmetric polynomials, in the sense that any symmetric polynomial can be expressed as a polynomial in elementary symmetric polynomials.  That is, any symmetric polynomial P is given by an expression involving only additions and multiplication of constants and elementary symmetric polynomials.  There is one elementary symmetric polynomial of degree d in n variables for each positive integer d ≤ n, and it is formed by adding together all distinct products of d distinct variables.
Tokusanhin
Tokusanhin (特産品) is a Japanese term for specialty food products associated with particular Japanese regions. Tokusanhin are often showcased in ekiben and packaged as omiyage (souvenirs).

Tokusanhin are a category of meibutsu, regional specialties.

Meibutsu
Meibutsu (名物, lit. 'famous thing') is a Japanese term most often applied to regional specialties (also known as meisan (名産)).

Meibutsu can also be applied to specialized areas of interest, such as chadō, where it refers to famous tea utensils, or Japanese swords, where it refers to specific named famous blades.
Kyanite
Kyanite is a typically blue aluminosilicate mineral, found in aluminium-rich metamorphic pegmatites and sedimentary rock. It is the high pressure polymorph of andalusite and sillimanite, and the presence of kyanite in metamorphic rocks generally indicates metamorphism deep in the Earth's crust. Kyanite is also known as disthene or cyanite.

Kyanite is strongly anisotropic, in that its hardness varies depending on its crystallographic direction. In kyanite, this anisotropism can be considered an identifying characteristic, along with its characteristic blue color. Its name comes from the same origin as that of the color cyan, being derived from the Ancient Greek word κύανος. This is typically rendered into English as kyanos or kuanos and means "dark blue."

Kyanite is used as a raw material in the manufacture of ceramics and abrasives, and it is an important index mineral used by geologists to trace metamorphic zones.

Andalusite
Andalusite is an aluminium nesosilicate mineral with the chemical formula Al2SiO5. This mineral was called andalousite by Delamétherie, who thought it came from Andalusia, Spain. It soon became clear that it was a locality error, and that the specimens studied were actually from El Cardoso de la Sierra, in the Spanish province of Guadalajara, not Andalusia.

Andalusite is trimorphic with kyanite and sillimanite, being the lower pressure mid temperature polymorph. At higher temperatures and pressures, andalusite may convert to sillimanite. Thus, as with its other polymorphs, andalusite is an aluminosilicate index mineral, providing clues to depth and pressures involved in producing the host rock.
Tullamarine
Tullamarine (/ˌtʌləməˈriːn/ ⓘ TUL-ə-mə-REEN) is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 14 km (8.7 mi) north-west of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Cities of Brimbank, Hume and Merri-bek local government areas. Tullamarine recorded a population of 6,733 at the 2021 census.

The suburb is a collection of recent housing estates and light industry. Generally flat and exposed to the hot northerly winds of Melbourne's summer, as well as cold southerly winds in winter, its most notable feature is the nearby Melbourne Airport. Tullamarine's residential area is contained in a circular loop of the Moonee Ponds Creek, and its western boundary is the Melbourne Airport. Tullamarine contains the smaller residential area of Gladstone Park. The Albion-Jacana railway line separates Tullamarine from Airport West to the south.

Gladstone Park, Victoria
Gladstone Park is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 15 km (9.3 mi) north-west of Melbourne's central business district, located within the City of Hume local government area. Gladstone Park recorded a population of 8,213 at the 2021 census.

Gladstone Park is bounded by the Tullamarine Freeway and Mickleham Road to the west, Broadmeadows Road to the north, the Jacana Valley to the east and the Western Ring Road to the south.
Abraham Mendelssohn Bartholdy
Abraham Ernst Mendelssohn Bartholdy (born Abraham Mendelssohn; 10 December 1776 – 19 November 1835) was a German Jewish banker and philanthropist. He was the father of Fanny Mendelssohn, Felix Mendelssohn, Rebecka Mendelssohn, and Paul Mendelssohn.

Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet
Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (/ˌdɪərɪˈkleɪ/; German: [ləˈʒœn diʁiˈkleː]; 13 February 1805 – 5 May 1859) was a German mathematician. In number theory, he proved special cases of Fermat's Last Theorem and created analytic number theory. In analysis, he advanced the theory of Fourier series and was one of the first to give the modern formal definition of a function. In mathematical physics, he studied potential theory, boundary-value problems, heat diffusion, and hydrodynamics.

Although his surname is Lejeune Dirichlet, he is commonly referred to by his mononym Dirichlet, in particular for results named after him.
The Bourne Identity (novel)
The Bourne Identity is a 1980 spy fiction thriller novel by Robert Ludlum that tells the story of Jason Bourne, a man with remarkable survival abilities who has retrograde amnesia, and must seek to discover his true identity. In the process, he must also determine why several shadowy groups, a professional assassin, and the CIA want him dead. It is the first novel of the original Bourne Trilogy, which also includes The Bourne Supremacy and The Bourne Ultimatum.

Peter Cannon of Publishers Weekly named The Bourne Identity among the best spy novels of all time, after John le Carré's The Spy Who Came in from the Cold.

The novel was the basis for the scripts of the 1988 television movie of the same name starring Richard Chamberlain and Jaclyn Smith, and the 2002 film of the same name, starring Matt Damon, Franka Potente, and Chris Cooper.

Bourne (novel series)
Bourne is a series of spy novels originally written by American author Robert Ludlum, featuring the fictional spy Jason Bourne. Ludlum wrote the first three novels: The Bourne Identity (1980), The Bourne Supremacy (1986), and The Bourne Ultimatum (1990).

After Ludlum's death in 2001, the series was continued by author Eric Van Lustbader, who wrote several additional novels expanding the character’s story. Van Lustbader departed the series in 2019 while working on a planned novel titled The Bourne Nemesis, which was ultimately abandoned.

Following Van Lustbader’s departure, the Robert Ludlum literary estate selected author Brian Freeman to continue the series. Freeman began writing new Bourne novels starting in 2020.
Superbird-A
Superbird-A, also identified as Superbird-1 before launch, was a geostationary communications satellite designed and manufactured by Ford Aerospace) on the SSL 1300 satellite bus. It was originally ordered by Space Communications Corporation (SCC), which later merged into the SKY Perfect JSAT Group. It had a mixed Ku-band, Ka-band and X-band payload and operated on the 158° East longitude.

It was ordered in 1985 along Superbird-B, Superbird-A1 and Superbird-B1 on the first order of the SSL 1300 platform. It was also the first satellite of SCC and the second commercial satellite of Japan after JCSAT-1. It was used for video distribution, news gathering, remote publishing and high definition TV service to the main islands of Japan and Okinawa.

Superbird-A1
Superbird-A1, also identified as Superbird-1A before launch, was a geostationary communications satellite designed and manufactured by Ford Aerospace (now Space Systems/Loral) on the SSL 1300 satellite bus. It was originally ordered by Space Communications Corporation (SCC), which later merged into the SKY Perfect JSAT Group. It had a mixed Ku-band and Ka-band payload and operated on the 158° East longitude.

It was ordered in 1985 along Superbird-B, Superbird-A1 and Superbird-B1 on the very first order of the SSL 1300 platform.
War of the Camisards
The War of the Camisards (French: guerre des Camisards) or the Cévennes War (French: guerre des Cévennes) was an uprising of Protestant peasants known as Camisards in the Cévennes and Languedoc during the reign of Louis XIV. The uprising was a response to the Edict of Fontainebleau in 1685.

Camisards
Camisards were Huguenots (French Protestants) of the rugged and isolated Cévennes region and the neighbouring Vaunage in southern France. In the early 1700s, they raised a resistance against the persecutions which followed Louis XIV's Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, making Protestantism illegal. The Camisards operated throughout the mainly Protestant Cévennes and Vaunage regions including parts of the Camargue around Aigues Mortes. The revolt broke out in 1702, with the worst of the fighting continuing until 1704, then skirmishes until 1710 and a final peace by 1715. The Edict of Tolerance was not finally signed until 1787.
Edward Nevill, 7th Baron Bergavenny
Edward Nevill, de facto 7th Baron Bergavenny (c. 1526 – 10 February 1588) was a de facto English peer.

The son of Sir Edward Nevill, he was considered to have succeeded to the Barony upon the death of Henry Nevill, 6th Baron Bergavenny, his first cousin, although by modern doctrine he did not hold that title, as it should have descended to the heir general, the 6th Baron's daughter Mary, Lady Fane. His right to the title was contested by his cousin Mary, Lady Fane, who claimed to be heir general of her father, the 6th Baron. The dispute continued many years.

He married Katherine Brome, with whom he had the following children:

Edward Nevill, 8th Baron Bergavenny (c. 1550 – 1622)

Francis Nevill

George Nevill

Henry Nevill

Margaret Nevill

Grisel Nevill, married Sir Henry Poole

Mary Nevill

He later married Grisold Hughes.

Henry Nevill, 6th Baron Bergavenny
Henry Nevill, 6th and de jure 4th Baron Abergavenny KG (between 1527 and 1535 – 10 February 1587) was an English peer. He was the son of Sir George Nevill, 5th Baron Bergavenny, and Mary Stafford (daughter of Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham). He succeeded to the barony upon the death of his father, George Nevill, 5th Baron Bergavenny.
The Mindbenders
The Mindbenders were an English beat group from Manchester. Originally the backing group for Wayne Fontana, they were one of several acts that were successful in the mid-1960s British Invasion of the US charts, achieving major chart hits with "The Game of Love" (a number-one single with Fontana) in 1965 and "A Groovy Kind of Love" in 1966.

Wayne Fontana
Glyn Geoffrey Ellis (28 October 1945 – 6 August 2020), known professionally as Wayne Fontana, was an English rock and pop singer best known for fronting the beat group the Mindbenders, with whom he recorded the hit singles "Um, Um, Um, Um, Um, Um" (1964) and "The Game of Love" (1965). After leaving the Mindbenders to pursue a solo career, Fontana had further UK successes including "Pamela Pamela" (1966). Despite legal issues in the 2000s, he continued to perform on the 60s nostalgia circuit until his death.
Benjamin Johnson Lang
Benjamin Johnson Lang (December 28, 1837 – April 3 or 4, 1909) was an American conductor, pianist, organist, teacher and composer. He introduced a large amount of music to American audiences, including the world premiere of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 1, which he conducted in Boston in 1875. His daughter Margaret Ruthven Lang was an accomplished composer.

Margaret Ruthven Lang
Margaret Ruthven Lang (November 27, 1867 – May 29, 1972) was an American composer and violinist primarily active in Boston. Lang is often considered the first woman composer to have a composition performed by a major American symphony orchestra, when her now-lost Dramatic Overture was premiered by the Boston Symphony Orchestra in 1893.
Questing Beast
The Questing Beast, or the Beast Glatisant (Old French: beste glatisant, Modern French: bête glatissante), is a cross-animal monster appearing in many medieval texts of the Arthurian legend and modern works inspired by them. In the French prose cycles, and consequently in the quasi-canon of Le Morte d'Arthur, the hunt for the Beast is the subject of quests futilely undertaken by King Pellinore and his family and finally achieved by Sir Palamedes and his companions.

Palamedes (Arthurian legend)
Palamedes /pæləˈmiːdiːz/ (also called Palomides /pæləˈmaɪdiːz/, or some other variant such as the French Palamède; known as li Sarradins that is "the Saracen") is a Knight of the Round Table in the Arthurian legend. He was introduced in the 13th-century Prose Tristan and has remained prominent in other Arthurian romances, including the Post-Vulgate Cycle and Le Morte d'Arthur. The romance Palamedes was named after him.

Palamedes is a Middle Eastern pagan (explicitly Muslim in Malory) who eventually converts to Christianity later in his life, and his unrequited love for Iseult brings him into frequent conflict with his friend-rival Tristan. His father, King Esclabor, and brothers, Safir and Segwarides, also join the Round Table.
Bob Andrzejczak
Robert John "Bob" Andrzejczak (born May 1, 1986) is an American Democratic Party politician who represented the 1st Legislative District in the New Jersey State Senate from January 15, 2019, when he was appointed to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of Jeff Van Drew, until December 5, 2019. Andrzejczak previously served in the New Jersey General Assembly from March 21, 2013, to January 14, 2019, when he was appointed to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of Matthew W. Milam.

Matthew W. Milam
Matthew W. Milam (born September 18, 1961) is an American Democratic Party politician, who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from January 8, 2008 to March 1, 2013. He started serving again on January 31, 2019 until January 14, 2020.
Game Genie
The Game Genie was a line of video game accessories that allowed players to alter codes transmitted between game cartridges and a video game console, known informally as a cheat cartridge. Developed by Codemasters and distributed by Galoob in the U.S. and Camerica in Canada, it debuted in 1990 for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), with later versions for the Super NES, Game Boy, Sega Genesis, and Game Gear.

The device was central to the 1992 landmark case Lewis Galoob Toys, Inc. v. Nintendo of America, Inc., where the court ruled that Game Genie did not infringe on Nintendo’s copyrights, as it did not create a permanent derivative work or impact game sales. The decision helped establish reverse engineering as fair use in the United States.

Despite selling five million units worldwide, plans for a "Game Genie 2" never materialized, and no versions were made for later consoles. Similar devices, such as Action Replay, Code Breaker and GameShark, later filled its role.

GameShark
GameShark is a brand of video game cheat devices originally developed for home and handheld consoles. Introduced in the mid-1990s, it became one of the most popular cheat platforms in North America, offering gamers the ability to modify game behavior using codes that alter memory addresses.
Fernando Daniel
Fernando Daniel Rodrigues Almeida (born 11 May 1996), known professionally as Fernando Daniel is a Portuguese singer-songwriter. He won the fourth season of The Voice Portugal in 2016 as part of Team Mickael Carreira.

Mickael Carreira
Mickael Carreira (born Mickael Araújo Antunes on 3 April 1986) is a Portuguese pop singer and songwriter. He is most famous for his ballads and the romanticism of his songs made him one of the best selling artists in Portugal. In total, his albums were certified platinum nine times. Over the course of his career, Mickael has collaborated with such international artists as Anggun, Enrique Iglesias and Sebastián Yatra.

Mickael is the eldest son of the singer Tony Carreira and took his stage name from his father.
Gugudan SeMiNa
Gugudan SeMiNa (Korean: 구구단 세미나) was the second official subgroup of South Korean girl group Gugudan, formed by Jellyfish Entertainment in 2018. It was composed of three Gugudan members: Nayoung, Sejeong and Mina.

Kim Se-jeong
Kim Se-jeong (Korean: 김세정; born August 28, 1996) is a South Korean singer and actress. She finished second in Mnet's girl group survival show Produce 101, becoming a member of the project girl group I.O.I. She was also a member of Jellyfish Entertainment's girl group Gugudan. She is currently active as a solo artist and actress, best known for her lead roles in the television series School 2017 (2017), The Uncanny Counter (2020–2023), Business Proposal (2022), and Brewing Love (2024).