hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Second Epistle to the Thessalonians
The Second Epistle to the Thessalonians is a Pauline epistle from the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is traditionally attributed to Paul the Apostle, with Timothy as a co-author. Its authorship is disputed, with critical commentators being evenly divided on Pauline authorship. Those who reject its authenticity point to differences in style and theology between it and the First Epistle to the Thessalonians, which is undisputed.

Scholars who support its authenticity view it as having been written around 51–52 AD, shortly after the First Epistle.  Those who see it as a later composition assign a date of around 80–115 AD.

The original text was written in Koine Greek.

Saint Timothy
Timothy (Greek: Τιμόθεος, Timótheos, meaning "honouring God" or "honoured by God") was an early Christian evangelist and the first Catholic bishop of Ephesus, whom the Acts of Timothy relates died around the year AD 97.

Timothy was from the Lycaonian city of Lystra or of Derbe in Asia Minor, born of a Jewish mother who had become a Christian believer, and a Greek father. The Apostle Paul met him during his second missionary journey and he became Paul's companion and missionary partner along with Silas. The New Testament indicates that Timothy traveled with Paul the Apostle, who was also his mentor. He is addressed as the recipient of the First and Second Epistles to Timothy in the New Testament.
Francis Matui
Francis Matui is an Anglican bishop in Kenya: he is the current Bishop of Makueni.

Matui was educated at St Paul's Theological College, Kabare and St. Paul's University, Limuru. He served in the Anglican Diocese of Machakos from 1993 until his episcopal appointment which was in part of that diocese until the 2013 sub-division.

Anglican dioceses of Mombasa
The Anglican dioceses of Mombasa are the Anglican presence in and around Mombasa and south-east Kenya; they are part of the Anglican Church of Kenya. The remaining dioceses of the Church are in the areas of Maseno, of Mount Kenya, and of Nakuru.
Second Swedish Crusade
The Second Swedish Crusade was a military expedition by the Kingdom of Sweden into Tavastia (Häme) in southern Finland described by Erik's Chronicle. According to the chronicle, the Swedes defeated the pagan Tavastians under the leadership of Birger Jarl, and started building a castle in Tavastia.

The expedition has traditionally been dated to 1249–1250 based on the chronology of the chronicle. However, some researchers have suggested that the expedition instead took place already in 1238–1239, shortly after the Tavastian uprising and before the Battle of the Neva against the Novgorod Republic. The castle that the Swedes began constructing during the expedition has traditionally been identified as Häme Castle, but it may also have been the older Hakoinen Castle.

The Second Swedish Crusade consolidated and extended Swedish control over Finland.

Third Swedish Crusade
The Third Swedish Crusade to Finland was a Swedish military expedition against the pagan Karelians from 1293 to 1295 in which the Swedes successfully expanded their borders eastwards and gained further control of their lands in Finland. After the crusade, Western Karelia remained under Swedish rule until the Treaty of Nystad in 1721.
George Local Municipality
George Municipality (Afrikaans: George Munisipaliteit; Xhosa: uMasipala waseGeorge) is a local municipality within the Garden Route District Municipality, in the Western Cape province of South Africa. As of 2022, the population is 294,929. Its municipality code is WC044.

Garden Route District Municipality
The Garden Route District Municipality (Afrikaans: Tuinroete-distriksmunisipaliteit; Xhosa: uMasipala weSithili sase Garden Route), formerly known as the Eden District Municipality, is a district municipality located in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Its municipality code is DC4.
Ruxley
Ruxley is a rural settlement of South East London, England that straddles the boundary of the London Boroughs of Bromley and Bexley. It is located 13 miles southeast of Charing Cross, the traditional centre of London, in the Metropolitan Green Belt between Sidcup and Swanley and is also adjacent to the Greater London border with the county of Kent.

London Borough of Bromley
The London Borough of Bromley (/ˈbrɒmli/ ⓘ) is a borough in Greater London, England. It is the largest and southeasternmost borough in London, and borders the counties of Surrey and Kent, the latter of which it formed part until 1965. The borough's population in the 2021 census was 329,991. It is named after Bromley, its principal town. Other districts are Penge, Hayes, West Wickham, Chislehurst, Beckenham and Orpington. The local authority is Bromley London Borough Council.
Synnex
Synnex was an American multinational corporation that provided information technology (IT) services to businesses. It merged with competitor Tech Data to form TD Synnex. It was founded in 1980 by Robert T. Huang and based in Fremont, California. As an information technology supply chain services company, it offered services to original equipment manufacturers, software publishers and reseller customers.

TD Synnex
TD Synnex Corporation is an American IT distribution company with a workforce of 22,000 in over 100 countries. It was formed in 2021 by the merger of Synnex and Tech Data. TD Synnex is led by CEO Patrick Zammit.
Adrianus Cancellier
Adrianus Cancellier (1580–1623) was the 39th abbot of Dunes in the County of Flanders.

Cancellier was born in Dunkirk in 1580 and entered the Abbey of Dunes in 1597. He went on to serve as bursar, and on 30 July 1610 was elected abbot in succession to the late Andreas du Chesne. The monastery had been badly damaged in the Dutch Revolt, and Cancellier attempted a renovation of the remaining buildings, financing it by selling off parts of the medieval ruins as building materials. He also encouraged young monks to study theology. By the time of his death, the monastic community had grown to 49 in number. He was instrumental in convincing the magistrates of his native Dunkirk to establish a Jesuit college in the town. He died on 16 April 1623, and was succeeded as abbot by Bernard Campmans. In 1627 his remains were transferred to Bruges, where the community had relocated. His biography, by Charles de Visch, was published in Bruges in 1655 and reprinted in Brussels in 1660.

Ten Duinen Abbey
Ten Duinen Abbey or the Abbey of the Dunes (Dutch: Abdij Ten Duinen) was a Cistercian monastery at Koksijde in what is now Belgium. It was one of the richest and most influential religious institutions in the medieval County of Flanders. It later relocated from Koksijde to the city of Bruges.
Goshavank
Goshavank (Armenian: Գոշավանք; meaning "Monastery of Gosh"; previously known as Nor Getik) is a 12–13th-century Armenian monastery located in the village of Gosh in the Tavush Province of Armenia. The monastery which has remained in relatively good condition also houses one of the world's finest examples of a khachkar.

Khachkar
A khachkar (also spelled as khatchkar) or Armenian cross-stone (Armenian: խաչքար, pronounced [χɑtʃʰˈkʰɑɾ], խաչ xačʿ "cross" + քար kʿar "stone") is a carved, memorial stele bearing a cross, and often with additional motifs such as rosettes, interlaces, and botanical motifs. Khachkars are characteristic of medieval Christian Armenian art.

Since 2010, khachkars, their symbolism and craftsmanship are inscribed in the UNESCO list of Intangible Cultural Heritage.
Matheran Hill Railway
The Matheran Hill Railway (MHR) is a 2 ft (610 mm) narrow-gauge heritage railway in Maharashtra, India, which is administered by the Central Railway zone. It covers a distance of 21 km (13 mi), connecting Neral to Matheran in the Western Ghats. The MHR is on the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Matheran
Matheran is a partially automobile free hill station and a municipal council in the Karjat taluka of the Raigad district located in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Matheran is part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, and one of the smallest hill stations in India. It is located in the Western Ghats, at an elevation of around 800 m (2,625 feet) above sea level. It is about 90 km from Mumbai, and 120 km from Pune. This proximity to these urban areas makes it a weekend getaway for many. Matheran, which means "forest on the forehead" (of the mountains) in Marathi, is an eco-sensitive region as declared by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India.

There are many hotels and Parsi bungalows in the area. British colonial architecture is preserved in Matheran. The roads are made of red laterite earth.
Girls × Heroine
Girls × Heroine Series (ガールズ×戦士シリーズ, Gāruzu × Hiroin Shirīzu) is a Japanese Tokusatsu television series produced by TV Tokyo, Dentsu, OLM, Inc. and created by Takashi Miike. Each season revolves around magical girls who fight against enemies, with a toy line produced by Takara Tomy.

After Idol × Warrior Miracle Tunes! was first broadcast in April 2017 with success among its target demographic, four more series followed, grouped under the Girls × Heroine Series name. Following the series' ending, it was succeeded by RizSta -Top of Artists!-.

Police × Heroine Lovepatrina!
Police × Heroine Lovepatrina! (ポリス×戦士 ラブパトリーナ!, Porisu Senshi Rabupatorīna!) is a Japanese Tokusatsu TV drama series that aired from July 26, 2020, until June 27, 2021. It is the fourth installment in the Girls × Heroine Series produced by Takara Tomy and OLM, Inc. (with the assistance of Shogakukan and EXPG Studio).

The series stars Miyu Watanabe, Rina Yamaguchi, Yui Yamashita and Yura Sugiura. Additional cast members include Keiji Kuroki and Saeko Kamijō. The plot centers around Lovepatrina, a group of young girls who protect love from the antagonist Warupyoko, who plans on removing love from the world to create his own.

The show launched a brief idol career for the main cast members, who perform as the Japanese idol girl group lovely². Following the show's end in 2021, it was succeeded by Bittomo × Heroine Kirameki Powers!
Elphaba
Elphaba Thropp (/ˈɛlfəbə ˈθrɒp/ ⓘ) is a fictional character created by Gregory Maguire as the protagonist of his 1995 novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West. She also appears in the novel's musical theatre adaptation, as well as the musical's two-part film adaptation, Wicked (2024) and Wicked: For Good (2025).

Elphaba is a reimagining of the Wicked Witch of the West from L. Frank Baum's 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. In Baum's novel, the Witch is unnamed and little is explained about her life; Maguire's Wicked creates a backstory for her and explores events in the Land of Oz through her perspective. Elphaba's name was formulated from the pronunciation of Baum's initials ("L.F.B."), while her appearance was modeled after Margaret Hamilton's portrayal of the Witch in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz: green-skinned, clad entirely in black, and wearing a tall peaked hat.

Glinda
Glinda, also known as Glinda the Good, is a fictional character created by L. Frank Baum for his Oz novels. She first appears in Baum's 1900 children's classic The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, and is the most powerful sorceress in the Land of Oz, ruler of the Quadling Country South of the Emerald City, and protector of Princess Ozma.
Chuvashia
Chuvashia, officially known as Chuvash Republic — Chuvashia, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is the homeland of the Chuvash people. The republic's capital city is the city of Cheboksary. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,251,619.

Mordovia
Mordovia (/mɔːrˈdoʊvɪə/ mor-DOH-vee-ə), officially the Republic of Mordovia, is a republic of Russia, situated in Eastern Europe. Its capital is the city of Saransk. As of the 2010 Census, the population of the republic was 834,755. Ethnic Russians (53.1%) and Mordvins (39.8%) account for the majority of the population.
Chester-le-Street
Chester-le-Street (/ˈtʃɛstəlistriːt/) is a market town in County Durham, England. It is located around 6 miles (10 kilometres) north of Durham and is close to Newcastle. The town holds markets on Saturdays. In 2021, the town had a population of 23,555.

The town's history is ancient; records date to a Roman-built fort called Concangis. The Roman fort is the Chester (from the Latin castra) of the town's name; the Street refers to the paved Roman road that ran north–south through the town. The parish church of St Mary and St Cuthbert is where the body of St Cuthbert remained for 112 years (from 883 to 995 AD), before being transferred to Durham Cathedral. 
An Old English translation of the Gospels was made in the 10th century: a word-for-word gloss of the Latin Vulgate text, inserted between the lines by Aldred the Scribe, who was Provost of Chester-le-Street.

Concangis
Concangis was an auxiliary castra in the Roman province of Lower Britain (Britannia Inferior). Its ruins are located in Chester-le-Street, County Durham, in England, and are now known as Chester-le-Street Roman Fort. It is situated 6 miles (10 km) north of the city of Durham and 8 miles (13 km) south of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Situbondo Regency
Situbondo Regency (Madurese: Kabhupatèn Situbânḍâ) is a regency (kabupaten) in the east of East Java province, Indonesia. It covers an area of 1,655.05 km2, and had a population of 647,619 at the 2010 Census and 685,967 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 691,635 (comprising 338,331 males and 353,304 females). It is located towards the eastern end of Java, before Banyuwangi. Its administrative centre is Situbondo, a small town within the regency. One of its famous tourist sites is Baluran National Park.

Madurese language
Madurese (/ˌmædʒʊˈriːz/ MAD-juh-REEZ; Bhâsa Madhurâ, Pegon script: ݒا࣪سا ماڊۅرا࣪, Carakan script: ꦧꦱꦩꦝꦸꦫ, IPA: [bʰɤsa maʈʰurɤ]) is a language of the Madurese people, native to the Madura Island and eastern part of Java, Indonesia; it is also spoken by migrants to other parts of Indonesia, namely the Surabaya, Malang, Gresik, eastern salient of Java (comprising Pasuruan, Bondowoso, Probolinggo, Situbondo, Jember, Lumajang, to Banyuwangi), the Masalembu Islands, Raas Islands, and some on Kalimantan. It was traditionally written in the Javanese script, but the Latin script and the Pegon script (based on Arabic script) is now more commonly used. The number of speakers, though shrinking, is estimated to be 10–14 million, making it one of the most widely spoken languages in the country. Bawean language, which is a dialect of Madurese, is also spoken by Bawean people in Bawean Island, Indonesia. Then also by their descendants in Malaysia and Singapore.
Cayley transform
In mathematics, the Cayley transform, named after Arthur Cayley, is any of a cluster of related things. As originally described by Cayley (1846), the Cayley transform is a mapping between skew-symmetric matrices and special orthogonal matrices. The transform is a homography used in real analysis, complex analysis, and quaternionic analysis. In the theory of Hilbert spaces, the Cayley transform is a mapping between linear operators (Nikolski 1988).

Skew-symmetric matrix
In mathematics, particularly in linear algebra, a skew-symmetric (or antisymmetric or antimetric) matrix is a square matrix whose transpose equals its negative. That is, it satisfies the condition

In terms of the entries of the matrix, if  denotes the entry in the -th row and -th column, then the skew-symmetric condition is equivalent to

In characteristic not equal to 2, diagonal elements of a skew-symmetric matrix are zeros because each element must be its own negative.
1797 Rugby School rebellion
The 1797 Rugby School Rebellion was a mutiny of the boys at Rugby School after the headmaster, Dr Henry Ingles, demanded that boys from the fifth and sixth forms should pay for the repair of a local tradesman's windows after they had been smashed by the school's pupils. The rebellion saw many of the school windows broken and its furniture burnt before the boys withdrew to an island on the school grounds. A local justice of the peace read the Riot Act, while soldiers crossed the island's moat from the rear and took the boys prisoner.

The rebellion was only one of several that took place at Rugby. The school was not alone in seeing disruption: several other public schools also saw trouble between 1710 and 1832.

Rugby School
Rugby School is a private boarding school for pupils aged 13–18, located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire in England.

Founded in 1567 as a free grammar school for local boys, it is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain. Up to 1667, the school remained in comparative obscurity. Its re-establishment by Thomas Arnold during his time as Headmaster, from 1828 to 1841, was seen as the forerunner of the Victorian public school. It was one of nine schools investigated by the Clarendon Commission of 1864 and later regulated as one of the seven schools included in the Public Schools Act 1868. Originally a boys' school, it became fully co-educational in 1992.

The school's alumni – or "Old Rugbeians" – include a UK prime minister, a French prime minister, several bishops, poets, scientists, writers and soldiers.

Rugby School is the birthplace of rugby football.
Palamu district
Palamu district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand, India. It was formed in 1892. The administrative headquarters of the district is Medininagar, situated on the Koel River. Palamu district lies in north-western part of Jharkhand. It shares border with Chatra, Garhwa & Latehar Districts of Jharkhand state.

Medininagar
Medininagar, is a city and municipal corporation in Palamu district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is also the administrative headquarter of Palamu district and divisional headquarters of Palamu division, as well as the subdivision and block of the same name. The city is situated on the banks of the North Koel River. It is the main city in north-western part of Jharkhand.
Murphy Renegade
The Murphy Renegade is a family of Canadian two-seats-in-tandem, single engine, conventional landing gear, biplanes, produced by Murphy Aircraft and intended for amateur construction.

In Canada all Renegade variants are eligible to be registered as amateur-builts, basic ultralights or advanced ultralights. In the USA the Renegade is not on the list of Special light-sport aircraft, but is eligible for the Experimental - Amateur-built category.

Murphy Aircraft
Murphy Aircraft Manufacturing Limited is a manufacturer of civil general aviation kits for amateur construction currently owned by China-headquartered Duofu Group. The company was founded in 1985 by Darryl Murphy and is located in Chilliwack, British Columbia, Canada.
Caspar, California
Caspar is an unincorporated community in Mendocino County, California, United States. It is located on the Pacific Ocean, 4 miles (6 km) north of Mendocino, at an elevation of 82 feet (25 m). It is bounded on three sides by state parks: the historic 1909 Point Cabrillo Light Station is nearby to the south, Jug Handle State Natural Reserve lies to the north, and its coast forms Caspar Headlands State Beach. The population was 500 at the 2020 census. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Caspar as a census-designated place (CDP).

Point Cabrillo Light
Point Cabrillo Light is a lighthouse in northern California, United States, between Point Arena and Cape Mendocino,  just south of the community of Caspar. It has been a federal aid to navigation since 1909. It is part of the California state park system as Point Cabrillo Light Station State Historic Park.

It should not be confused with the inactive Old Point Loma Lighthouse or the active New Point Loma Lighthouse in San Diego, both of which lie within the grounds of Cabrillo National Monument and are sometimes referred to as the Cabrillo lighthouse.
Shahzad Nawaz
Shahzad Nawaz (born 1 January 1975) is a Pakistani film director, actor, singer, advertiser and graphic designer.

He started his career as an advisor to many news agencies and media houses, and served as a CEO of Nai Baat Media Network. He also worked as a communication artist for a number organizations, designing their logos and identities including Geo, Pakistan Television Corporation, Dunya News and ARY News.

In 2003 and 2005, he directed and acted in two films Daira and Botal Gali, based on an adaptations of Mohsin Hamid book Moth Smoke, and acted in Geo's drama series Ana (2004). Nawaz was noted in the film Chambaili that he wrote and produced. It was the first political film of country, earning him critical appraisal and a nomination ARY Film Award for Best Film as producer. In 2016, he marked his Coke Studio debut as a featured artist in season 9.

In 2025, alongside Atiqa Odho, he represented Pakistan at the Red Sea International Film Festival in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Chambaili
Chambaili (Urdu: چمبیلی) is a 2013 Pakistani Urdu-language political thriller film directed by Ismail Jilani, produced by Abdullah Kadwani and Shahzad Nawaz under the banner of Coup d'état Films and 7th Sky Films. It stars Salmaan Peerzada, Khalid Ahmed, Mohammed Ehteshamuddin, Maira Khan, Shafqat Cheema, Mehreen Syed, Saiqa, Ali Tahir, Khalid Qureshi, Fatima, Humayun Bin Rathor and Shahzad Nawaz. Ghulam Mohiuddin also made a special appearance. Chambaili is a political drama exploring the subject of political corruption. Since the flower 'Chambaili' (jasmine flower) is the national flower of Pakistan, the film-makers' intention was to encourage patriotism and nationalism in Pakistan and they obviously picked this name for a reason.
Born to Lose/Kamikaze
"Born To Lose/Kamikaze" is the sixth single by British glam rock band King Adora. A double a-side, the single was released on 19 May 2003 on MH Records and reached number 68 on the UK Singles Chart. Singer Matt Browne revealed the band were "shocked" at the chart placing, which was achieved without promotion or press support. Both songs would be re-recorded for the band's 2004 second album, Who Do You Love?

King Adora
King Adora was a rock group formed in Birmingham, England in 1998. The band released debut album Vibrate You in May 2001 (charting at No. 30 on the UK Albums Chart) and follow-up Who Do You Love? in March 2004. The band was notable for their short, riotous live shows. Lack of label support and changing tastes in the UK guitar music scene led King Adora to split in 2005. In 2010, the band reformed to play shows in Birmingham and London, but have been inactive since.
Gallenkirch
Gallenkirch is a former municipality in the district of Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Gallenkirch, Linn, Oberbözberg and Unterbözberg merged to form the new municipality of Bözberg.

Unterbözberg
Unterbözberg is a former municipality in the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Gallenkirch, Linn, Oberbözberg and Unterbözberg merged to form the new municipality of Bözberg.
Malaysia International
The Malaysia International is an open international badminton tournament in Malaysia established since 1997. This tournament also known as Malaysia Satellite, Malaysia Asian Satellite, and Malaysia International Challenge. This tournament has classified as BWF International Challenge tournament since Badminton World Federation (BWF) introduced in 2007. Other tournaments held in Malaysia with higher level and prize money are named Malaysia Masters and Malaysia Open.

Malaysia Open (badminton)
The Malaysia Open (Malay: Terbuka Malaysia) is an annual Super 1000 badminton tournament that has been held since 1937. It has been played in various locations such as Kuala Lumpur, Johor, Sabah, Sarawak, Penang, Selangor, and Pahang.

The event's annual pattern was interrupted three times: from 1942 to 1946, because of World War II, from 1969 to 1982, and from 2020 to 2021, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It became one of the BWF Super Series tournaments from 2007 to 2017 known as the Malaysia Super Series. BWF categorised Malaysia Open as one of the five BWF World Tour Super 750 events in the BWF events structure since 2018. Since 2023, it became a Super 1000 tournament.