hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pritam Munde
Pritam Gopinathrao Munde aka "Pritam Tai" (born 17 February 1983) is an Indian politician and doctor who was previously a member of parliament in Lok Sabha from Beed. She is the second daughter of late BJP leader Gopinath Munde. In the 2019 Lok Sabha elections, she emerged as a victorious candidate by defeating Bajrang Manohar Sonwane of Nationalist Congress Party by a margin of 1.68 lakh votes. However, her sister Pankaja Munde stood for that seat in the 2024 Lok Sabha elections and lost to Sonwane.

Pankaja Munde
Pankaja Gopinathrao Munde (born 26 July 1979) is an Indian politician from Maharashtra. She is eldest daughter of the late Gopinath Munde, a former central cabinet minister of India and former Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra. She is the National Secretary of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and also serves as an MLC in the Maharashtra Legislative Council. She is currently serving as Cabinet Minister for Animal Husbandry, Environment and Climate change in the Third Fadnavis ministry.
Lulav
Lulav (Hebrew: לוּלָב‎ [luˈlav]) is a closed frond of the date palm tree. It is one of the Four Species used during the Jewish holiday of Sukkot. The other Species are the hadass (myrtle), aravah (willow), and etrog (citron). When bound together, the lulav, hadass, and aravah are commonly referred to as "the lulav".

Hadass
Hadass (Hebrew: הדס‎, pl. hadassim - הדסים‎) is a branch of the myrtle tree that forms part of the netilat loulav used on the Jewish holiday of Sukkot.

Hadass is one of the four species (arbaʿath haminim – ארבעת המינים‎). The others are the lulav (date palm frond), aravah (willow), and etrog (citron). Three hadassim are incorporated into the Four Species and are bound together with the lulav and aravah. Together with the etrog, the lulav is waved in all four directions, plus up and down, to attest to God's mastery over all creation, and to voice a prayer for adequate rainfall over all the Earth's vegetation in the coming year.

The hadass grows in tiers of three leaves. According to the Halakha, the most perfect hadass is one whose leaves grow evenly in each set of three.

Hadass is also used as the "Besamim" or holy spices in some Sephardic and Mizrahi customs for Havdalah.
Ortho-McNeil-Janssen
Ortho-McNeil-Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc is a healthcare company of Johnson & Johnson composed of two divisions:

Ortho-McNeil, based in Raritan, NJ (United States); the division is focused on primary care.

Janssen, based in Beerse (Belgium); formerly Janssen Pharmaceutica; the division is focused on mental health.

After some suits against Ortho-McNeil, Johnson & Johnson came to an agreement about the future of this subsidiary branch, now known as Janssen Pharmaceuticals.

Janssen Pharmaceuticals
Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine (formerly Janssen Pharmaceuticals) is a Belgian pharmaceutical company headquartered in Beerse, Belgium, and wholly owned by Johnson & Johnson. It was founded in 1953 by Paul Janssen.

In 1961, Janssen Pharmaceuticals was purchased by New Jersey–based American corporation Johnson & Johnson, and became part of Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development (J&J PRD), later renamed to Janssen Research and Development, LLC (JRD), which conducts research and development activities related to a wide range of human medical disorders, including mental illness, neurological disorders, anesthesia and analgesia, gastrointestinal disorders, fungal infection, HIV/AIDS, allergies and cancer. Janssen and Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical have been placed in the Ortho-McNeil-Janssen group within Johnson & Johnson Company.
Victor Griffin (Quapaw)
Victor Griffin (c. 1873–1958) was the elected chief of Quapaw Tribe of Indians and a peyote roadman from Quapaw, Oklahoma. Griffin was commonly called either Victor or Vic, and rarely used his first name, William. He conferred with every U.S. president during his term as chief.

Griffin also served as an interpreter and also was an important figure among the practitioners of the Big Moon variant of the Native American Church, and played a significant role in the spreading and continuing this religion among multiple tribes. Griffin was also a 32 degree Scottish Right Mason and a member of the Akdar Shrine.

Native American Church
The Native American Church (NAC), also known as Peyotism and Peyote Religion, is a syncretic Native American religion that teaches a combination of traditional Native American beliefs and elements of Christianity, especially pertaining to some of the Ten Commandments, with sacramental use of the entheogen peyote. The religion originated in the Oklahoma Territory (1890–1907) in the late nineteenth century, after peyote was introduced to the southern Great Plains from Mexico. Today, it is the most widespread indigenous religion among Native Americans in the United States (except Alaska Natives and Native Hawaiians), Canada (specifically First Nations people in Saskatchewan and Alberta), and Mexico, with an estimated 300,000 adherents.
Andrea Berger
Andrea Berger (born January 28, 1970) is an American former professional tennis player. At the 1989 Maccabiah Games in Tel Aviv, she won a gold medal in the women's doubles event, and was runner-up to Ilana Berger (no relation) in the singles, earning a silver medal.

Ilana Berger
Ilana Berger (Hebrew: אילנה ברגר; born 1965) is a Mexican-born Israeli former professional tennis player and Olympian.

Berger reached her highest individual ranking on the WTA Tour on 10 August 1992, when she became # 149 in the world. On 25 November 1991, she peaked at world number 153 in the doubles rankings.
Companies (Model Articles) Regulations 2008
The Companies (Model Articles) Regulations 2008 (SI 2008/3229) are the default company constitution for limited companies under UK company law.  The  Model Articles will apply to a limited company if it does not register its own articles or, if it does register them, they will apply to the extent that they are not modified by the Articles of the company.

The new Model Articles came into force on 1 October 2009 and replaced the old Companies Act 1985 Table A Articles. There are no Model Articles for unlimited companies as these types of companies are relatively rare and often have very specific needs that do not justify a standardised approach. The Model Articles do not affect companies incorporated prior to 1 October 2009 unless they choose to adopt them.

Articles of association
In corporate governance, a company's articles of association (AoA, called articles of incorporation in some jurisdictions) is a document that, along with the memorandum of association (where applicable), forms the company's constitution. The articles define the responsibilities of the directors, the nature of business, and the mechanisms by which shareholders exert control over the board of directors.

Articles of association are essential to corporate operations, as they may regulate both internal and external affairs.

Articles of incorporation, also referred to as the certificate of incorporation or the corporate charter, is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada. They generally are filed with the Secretary of State in the U.S. State where the company is incorporated, or other company registrar. An equivalent term for limited liability companies (LLCs) in the United States is articles of organization.
Národný Atletický Štadión
The Národný atletický štadión (National athletics stadium) is a multi-purpose stadium in Banská Bystrica, Slovakia. It is currently used mostly for athletics and football matches and serves as the home ground of MFK Dukla Banská Bystrica. The stadium has a seating capacity of 7,030.

FK Dukla Banská Bystrica
MFK Dukla Banská Bystrica (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈdukla ˈbanskaː ˈbistritsa]) is a Slovak professional football club from the town of Banská Bystrica. The club plays at the SNP Stadium. After being relegated from the Slovak 2. liga in 2017, they had financial problems.
Gelfond's constant
In mathematics, the exponential of pi eπ, also called Gelfond's constant, is the real number e raised to the power π.

Its decimal expansion is given by:

eπ = 23.14069263277926900572... (sequence A039661 in the OEIS)

Like both e and π, this constant is both irrational and transcendental. This follows from the Gelfond–Schneider theorem, which establishes ab to be transcendental, given that a is algebraic and not equal to zero or one and b is algebraic but not rational. We havewhere i is the imaginary unit. Since −i is algebraic but not rational, eπ is transcendental. The numbers π and eπ are also known to be algebraically independent over the rational numbers, as demonstrated by Yuri Nesterenko. It is not known whether eπ is a Liouville number. The constant was mentioned in Hilbert's seventh problem alongside the Gelfond–Schneider constant 2√2 and the name "Gelfond's constant" stems from Soviet mathematician Alexander Gelfond.

Gelfond–Schneider constant
The Gelfond–Schneider constant or the Hilbert number is two to the power of the square root of two:

2√2 ≈ 2.6651441426902251886502972498731...

which was proved to be a transcendental number by Rodion Kuzmin in 1930.
In 1934, Aleksandr Gelfond and Theodor Schneider independently proved the more general Gelfond–Schneider theorem,  which solved the part of Hilbert's seventh problem described below.
Murder of the Notorious B.I.G.
On March 9, 1997, 24-year-old American rapper Christopher Wallace, known professionally as the Notorious B.I.G., was murdered in a drive-by shooting. He was pronounced dead at 1:15 AM. in Los Angeles, California. Prior to the event, Wallace promoted his second studio album Life After Death, and attended an after-party in Los Angeles instead of taking a scheduled trip to London.

In 2007, Wallace's mother, Voletta Wallace; his widow, Faith Evans; and his children, T'yanna Jackson and C. J. Wallace, filed a $400 million wrongful death lawsuit against the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) alleging that corrupt officers were responsible for Wallace's death. Retired LAPD officer Greg Kading alleged that Suge Knight, the head of Death Row Records, orchestrated the murder in revenge for the September 1996 murder of Tupac Shakur in a similar drive-by shooting.

Murder of Tupac Shakur
On September 7, 1996, at 11:15 p.m. (PDT), Tupac Shakur, a 25-year-old American rapper, was shot in a drive-by shooting in Paradise, Nevada. The shooting occurred when the car carrying Shakur was stopped at a red light at East Flamingo Road and Koval Lane. Shakur was struck by four rounds fired from a .40-caliber Glock: two in the chest, one in the arm, and one in the thigh. The driver, Suge Knight, was grazed by a bullet in the shooting. Shakur died from his injuries six days later, on September 13, 1996.

Orlando Anderson, a Crips gang member, was suspected in the murder but denied being involved and was never charged. He was killed in an unrelated gang shootout in 1998. On September 29, 2023, 27 years after Shakur's murder, Duane "Keefe D" Davis, Anderson's uncle, was arrested after being indicted by a grand jury for the first-degree murder of Shakur.
Ulrich I, Count of Celje
Ulrich I (German: Ulrich von Cilli, Slovene: Ulrik Celjski; around 1331 – 1368), Count of Celje, was a Styrian nobleman and condottiere, who was head of the House of Celje between 1359 and 1368, together with his younger brother Hermann I. During his reign, the House of Celje became one of the most powerful noble houses in the territory of present-day Slovenia, and laid the basis for its expansion to neighboring Slavonia and Croatia in the next generation. Ulrich's skills as a military commander are usually credited for the House of Celje's acceptance into the circles of the Central European high nobility in the second half of the 14th century. His life was immortalized in the poem Von graff Ulrichen von Tzili (On the Count Ulrich of Cilli) by the 14th century Austrian poet Peter Suchenwirt.

Counts of Celje
The Counts of Celje (Slovene: Celjski grofje) or the Counts of Cilli (German: Grafen von Cilli; Hungarian: cillei grófok) were the most influential late medieval noble dynasty on the territory of present-day Slovenia. Risen as vassals of the Habsburg dukes of Styria in the early 14th century, they ruled the County of Cilli as immediate counts (Reichsgrafen) from 1341. They soon acquired a large number of feudal possessions also in today's Croatia and Bosnia. They rose to Princes of the Holy Roman Empire in 1436. The dynasty reached its peak with Ulrich II of Cilli, but with his death in 1456 they also died out, and after a war of succession, the Habsburgs inherited their domains.
Black hat (computer security)
A black hat (black hat hacker or blackhat) is a computer hacker who disobeys laws or violates ethical standards for purposes such as civil disobedience, cybercrime, cyberwarfare, or malice. These acts can range from piracy to identity theft. A black hat is often referred to as a "cracker".

The term originates from 1950s westerns, with "bad guys" (criminals) typically depicted as having worn black hats and "good guys" (heroes) wearing white ones. In the same way, black hat hacking is contrasted with the more law-abiding white hat approach to hacking. Additionally, there exists a third category, called grey hat hacking, characterized by individuals who hack, usually with good intentions but by illegal means.

White hat (computer security)
A white hat (or a white-hat hacker, a whitehat) is an ethical security hacker. Ethical hacking is a term meant to imply a broader category than just penetration testing. Under the owner's consent, white-hat hackers aim to identify any vulnerabilities or security issues the current system has. The white hat is contrasted with the black hat, a malicious hacker; this definitional dichotomy comes from Western films, where heroic and antagonistic cowboys might traditionally wear a white and a black hat, respectively. There is a third kind of hacker known as a grey hat who hacks with good intentions but at times without permission.

White-hat hackers may also work in teams called "sneakers and/or hacker clubs", red teams, or tiger teams.
Alkaliphile
Alkaliphiles are a class of extremophilic microbes capable of survival in alkaline (pH roughly 8.5–11) environments, growing optimally around a pH of 10. These bacteria can be further categorized as obligate alkaliphiles (those that require high pH to survive), facultative alkaliphiles (those able to survive in high pH, but also grow under normal conditions) and haloalkaliphiles (those that require high salt content to survive).

Extremophile
An extremophile (from Latin  extremus 'extreme' and Ancient Greek  φιλία (philía) 'love') is an organism that is able to live (or in some cases thrive) in extreme environments, i.e., environments with conditions approaching or stretching the limits of what known life can adapt to, such as extreme temperature, pressure, radiation, salinity, or pH level.

Since the definition of an extreme environment is relative to an arbitrarily defined standard, often an anthropocentric one, these organisms can be considered ecologically dominant in the evolutionary history of the planet. Extremophiles have continued to thrive in the most extreme conditions, making them one of the most abundant lifeforms. The study of extremophiles has expanded human knowledge of the limits of life, and informs speculation about extraterrestrial life. Extremophiles are also of interest because of their potential for bioremediation of environments made hazardous to humans due to pollution or contamination.
Blacks and Whites' Carnival
Blacks and Whites' Carnival (Spanish: Carnaval de Negros y Blancos) is a Carnival public festival and parade in southern Colombia established in 1546. Although its geographical location belongs to the city of Pasto, it has been adopted by other municipalities in Nariño and southwestern Colombia. It is celebrated every year in 2–7 January and attracts a considerable number of Colombian and foreign tourists.

On 30 September 2009, UNESCO named this Carnival among the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

Pasto, Colombia
Pasto, officially San Juan de Pasto (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ ˈxwan de ˈpasto]; "Saint John of Pasto"), is the capital of the department of Nariño, in southern Colombia. Pasto was founded in 1537 and named after indigenous people of the area. In the 2018 census, the municipality had a population of 392,930. Pasto is located in the Atriz Valley on the Andes cordillera, at the foot of the Galeras volcano.
Richard Edlund
Richard Edlund, ASC (born December 6, 1940) is an American visual effects artist and inventor. He was a founding member of Industrial Light & Magic, having already founded Pignose amplifiers, and later co-founded Boss Film Studios and DuMonde VFX. He has won two Academy Awards for Best Visual Effects (1978, Star Wars; 1982, Raiders of the Lost Ark), as well as two Special Achievement Awards, two Scientific and Technical Awards, and the Medal of Commendation. He is also a BAFTA and Emmy Award recipient.

Boss Film Studios
Boss Film Studios was a prominent American visual effects company, founded by visual effects veteran Richard Edlund after his departure from Industrial Light and Magic, producing visual effects for over thirty films from 1983 to 1997. Before that period Edlund had worked at ILM on films like Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981) and the original Star Wars trilogy (1977-1983).
Sydney Kings
The Sydney Kings are an Australian men's professional basketball team competing in the National Basketball League (NBL). The team is based in Sydney, New South Wales, and play their home games at Qudos Bank Arena in Sydney Olympic Park. The Kings were formed from a merger between the West Sydney Westars and the Sydney Supersonics in October 1987. The Kings have won five NBL championships in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2022 and 2023. They were the first team to win three consecutive championships in the NBL and currently sit third behind Melbourne United (six) and the Perth Wildcats (ten) for championships won.

Bankstown Bruins
Bankstown Bruins is a NBL1 East club based in Sydney, New South Wales. The club fields a team in the Men's NBL1 East. The club is a division of Bankstown Basketball Association (BBA), the major administrative basketball organisation in the region. The Bruins play their home games at Bankstown Basketball Stadium.
Time control
A time control is a mechanism in the tournament play of almost all two-player board games so that each round of the match can finish in a timely way and the tournament can proceed.

For turn-based games such as chess, shogi or go, time controls are typically enforced by means of a game clock, which counts time spent on each player's turn separately. A player that spends more time than the time control allows is penalized, usually by the loss of the game. Time pressure (or time trouble or Zeitnot) is the situation where one player has very little time on their clock to complete their remaining moves.

Time trouble
In chess played with a time control, time trouble, time pressure, or its German translation Zeitnot, is the situation where a player has little time to complete the required moves. When forced to play quickly, the probability of making blunders is increased, so handling the clock is an important aspect of chess playing. The last move of the time control (often move 40) is especially prone to blunders if players only have a few seconds to play it, and many games have been lost due to poor time management in time pressure.
Gerrans
Gerrans (Cornish: Gerens) is a coastal civil parish and village on the Roseland Peninsula in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The village adjoins Portscatho (the villages have almost merged into one but retain their identities) on the east side of the peninsula. The village is situated approximately seven miles (11 km) south-southeast of Truro.

The name Gerrans derives from Gerent, a 6th-century Cornish saint. The parish runs north–south along the eastern side of the Roseland peninsula. It is bounded to the south and east by the sea, to the west by St Just in Roseland parish, and to the north by Philleigh parish. The population was 933 in the 2001 census, reducing to 794 at the 2011 census. Trewithian is the only settlement of any size in the parish apart from Gerrans and Portscatho.

Gerrans lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).

Philleigh
Philleigh (Cornish: Eglosros) is a civil parish and village in Cornwall, England, one of the four civil parishes in the Roseland Peninsula.  The civil parish includes the hamlets of Treworlas, Treworthal and a number of smaller settlements.

Philleigh lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). Almost a third of Cornwall has AONB designation, with similar status and protection as a National Park.

The village is the home of Roseland Rugby Club which was formed in 1971.
The Lady of the Rivers
The Lady of the Rivers is a 2011 historical novel by Philippa Gregory, part of her series The Cousins' War. The story is narrated by Jacquetta of Luxembourg, mother of Elizabeth Woodville, and covers the reign of the Lancastrian King Henry VI. The novel serves as a prequel to Gregory's The White Queen (2009), the story of Elizabeth's reign as Queen consort of England.

The White Queen (novel)
The White Queen is a 2009 historical novel by Philippa Gregory, the first of her series The Cousins' War. It tells the story of Elizabeth Woodville, queen consort of King Edward IV of England. The 2013 BBC One television series The White Queen is a 10-part adaptation of Gregory's novels The White Queen, The Red Queen (2010) and The Kingmaker's Daughter (2012), and features Rebecca Ferguson as Elizabeth Woodville.

Gregory's 2011 novel The Lady of the Rivers is a prequel to The White Queen, narrated by Elizabeth's mother Jacquetta of Luxembourg.
Trencavel
The Trencavel family was an important French noble family in Languedoc between the 10th and 13th centuries. The name "Trencavel" began as a nickname and later became the family's surname.  The name may derive from the Occitan words for "Nutcracker" (trenca avelana). The name was traditionally restricted in actual use only to those family members named Raymond, but the last Trencavel viscount, Raymond II, preferred the surname over his given name and adopted it for his charters.

The first well-known member of the family was Ato I, viscount of Albi in the early 10th century. He was followed by five generations of viscounts of Albi in direct father-to-son descent. During this same period the family came to dominate the episcopacy of Languedoc. Each of the viscounts from Ato II on had a younger brother named Frotarius (or Frothaire) who was a bishop, be it of Albi, Cahors, or Nîmes.

Raymond II Trencavel
Raymond II Trencavel (also spelled Raimond; 1207 – 1263/1267) was the last ruler of the branch of the Trencavel viscounts of Béziers. His entire life was occupied by efforts to reverse the downfall the Trencavel had experienced during the Albigensian Crusade, but he ultimately failed.
Wen Zhengming
Wen Zhengming (文徵明; 28 November 1470 – 28 March 1559), born Wen Bi (文璧), was a Chinese painter, calligrapher, and poet during the Ming dynasty. He was regarded as one of the Four Masters of Ming painting.

Four Masters of the Ming dynasty
The Four Masters of the Ming dynasty (Chinese: 明四家; pinyin: Míng Sì Jiā) are a traditional grouping in Chinese art history of four famous Chinese painters that lived during the Ming dynasty. The group consists of Shen Zhou (1427–1509), Wen Zhengming (1470–1559), Tang Yin (1470–1523), and Qiu Ying (c.1494–c.1552). They were contemporaries, with Shen being the teacher of Wen, while Tang and Qiu was taught by Zhou Chen (1460–1535). All five of the aforementioned painters were part of the Wu School. Their styles and subject matter were varied. Qiu was solely a painter, while the other three developed distinct styles of painting, calligraphy, and poetry.