hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act, 2004
The National Environmental Management: Biodiversity, Act 2004 (Act 10 of 2004, abbr. NEMBA) is a supporting act to the framework set out in the National Environmental Management Act, 1998. It enforces Section 24 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa; promoting the conservation and sustainable use of South Africa's biodiversity.

National Environmental Management Act, 1998
The National Environmental Management Act, 1998 (Act No. 107 of 1998, abbreviated NEMA) is the statutory framework to enforce Section 24 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. The NEMA is intended to promote co-operative governance and ensure that the rights of people are upheld, but also recognising the necessity of economic development. NEMA supersedes the Environmental Conservation Act, which was inadequate to deal with enforcement, administration, and governance, and was written to be more successful in these aspects.
George Burton (1910s footballer)
George Burton was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Middlesbrough and the Southern Football League for Cardiff City. His brother John was also a footballer and the pair played together at Cardiff City.

John Burton (footballer, born 1885)
John Henry Burton (31 July 1885 – 22 April 1938) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Blackburn Rovers and Birmingham.

After a spell with Nelson, he joined Southern Football League side Cardiff City in 1911, captaining the side to the Second Division title in 1913. He was also the first Cardiff player to score in a South Wales derby. He later played for Southend United.
Kabaty
Kabaty (Polish: [kaˈba.tɘ̟]) is a neighbourhood, and a City Information System area, in Warsaw, Poland, within the Ursynów district. It is a predominantly high-rise residential area with housing eststes of apartment buildings, with a smaller presence of single-family housing, including Moczydło in the northwest, and Stare Kabaty in the east. In 2024, it had around 30,000 residents. The neighbourhood includes the Kabaty station of the M1 line of Warsaw Metro rapid transit underground system.

The oldest known records of Kabady come from 1386, when it was a small farming community. By 1527, the village of Moczydło was also present to the west. The area was incorporated into Warsaw in 1951. In the 1980s, and continuing to the 2000s, numerous housing estates were developed within the area. In 1995, the Kabaty station opened within the neighbourhood.

Moczydło, Warsaw
Moczydło (Polish: [mɔˈt͡ʂɘ̟.dwɔ]) is a neighbourhood in Warsaw, Poland, located within the district of Ursynów, in the City Information System areas of Kabaty and Natolin. It a residential area dominated by single-family housing.
Alexis Nakota Sioux First Nation
The Alexis Nakota Sioux Nation (Stoney: Cade Wicashdabi) no. 437 is a Nakoda First Nation with reserves near Edmonton, Hinton, and Whitecourt, in the Canadian province of Alberta, and headquartered at 54° N and 114°, about 85 kilometres (53 mi) west of Edmonton.  The Alexis Nakota Sioux Nation is a member of Treaty 6.

Nakoda people
The Nakoda (also known as Stoney, Îyârhe Nakoda, or Stoney Nakoda) are an Indigenous people in Western Canada and the United States.

Their territory used to be large parts of what is now Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Montana, but their reserves are now in Alberta and in Saskatchewan, where they are rarely differentiated from the Assiniboine.

They refer to themselves in their language as Nakoda, meaning 'friend, ally'. The name Stoney was given to them by Anglophone explorers, because of their technique of using fire-heated rocks to boil broth in rawhide bowls. They are very closely related to the Assiniboine, who are also known as Stone Sioux (from Ojibwe: asinii-bwaan).

The Nakoda First Nation in Alberta comprises three bands: Bearspaw, Chiniki, and Goodstoney.

The Stoney were "excluded" from Banff National Park between 1890 and 1920.  In 2010 they were officially "welcomed back".
Home Rule Party of Hawaii
The Hawaiian Independent Party (later renamed the Independent Home Rule Party), was a political party active in Hawaii from 1900 to 1912, during which time Hawaii was controlled by the United States and administered as the Territory of Hawaii. The Party was established by Robert Wilcox, immediately after the United States annexed the Hawaiian Islands with the Newlands Resolution in 1898 and established the Territory of Hawaii with the Hawaiian Organic Act in 1900. The party was formed to represent and advocate for the rights and interests of Native Hawaiians, many of whom were then inclined to believe that both the Democratic Party of Hawai‘i and Hawai‘i Republican Party were yet incapable of representing them.

Robert William Wilcox
Robert William Kalanihiapo Wilcox (February 15, 1855 – October 23, 1903), nicknamed the Iron Duke of Hawaiʻi, was a Hawaiian revolutionary soldier, French spy, and politician, who led uprisings against both the government of the Hawaiian Kingdom under King Kalākaua and the Republic of Hawaii under Sanford Dole, what are now known as the Wilcox rebellions. He was later elected the first delegate to the United States Congress for the Territory of Hawaii.
Rima Rima
Rima Rima (Quechua rima speaking, rima rima a flower (Ranunculus weberbaueri syn. Krapfia weberbaueri)), is a 5,248-metre-high (17,218 ft) mountain in the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of Peru. It is situated in the Ancash Region, Huaraz Province, Independencia District, northeast of Huaraz (Waras). Rima Rima lies southeast of Wallunarahu, on the ridge southwest of Ranrapallqa.

Ranrapallqa (in the distance), Rima Rima, Churup (middle, left), Qullapaqu and Wamashrahu as seen from Huaraz

Huamashraju
Huamashraju, Wamashraju (possibly from Quechua rahu snow, ice, mountain with snow), Yanahuacra (possibly from Quechua yana black, waqra horn, "black horn") or Rajo Colta is a mountain in the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of Peru, about 5,434 metres (17,828 ft) high. It is situated in the Ancash Region, Huaraz Province, Huaraz District. Huamashraju lies east of the town of Huaraz, west of Huantsán and northwest of Shacsha and Cashan.
Thomas C. Lea III
Thomas Calloway Lea III (July 11, 1907 – January 29, 2001) was an American muralist, illustrator, artist, war correspondent, novelist, and historian. The bulk of his art and literary works were about Texas, north-central Mexico, and his World War II experience in the South Pacific and Asia. Two of his most popular novels, The Brave Bulls and The Wonderful Country, are widely considered to be classics of southwestern American literature.

The Brave Bulls
The Brave Bulls (aka Toros Bravos and The Brave Bulls, A Novel) is a 1949 Western novel written by Tom Lea (his first) about the raising of bulls, on the ranch Las Astas, for bullfighting in Mexico.

Las Astas is based on the real "La Punta", a 15,000 hectare (about 37,000 acre) ranch in eastern Jalisco, near Lagos de Moreno, at one time the largest fighting-bull ranch in the world.

Lea, also an artist and muralist, did illustrations throughout the book and on the end papers and dust jacket. Prior to, during World War II, and after, Lea was an artist, and not an author. He went to Mexico to get a better idea about bullfighting, but forgot to take a sketchbook or paintbox, so he found himself using words to describe what he would have as a visual artist.
Federal Alliance of Eastern Sudan
The Federal Alliance of East Sudan (FAES) (Arabic: التحالف الفيدرالي لشرق السودان, romanized: altahaluf alfidraliu lisharq alsuwdan) is a splinter group of the largely defunct Eastern Front, a military coalition composed of the Beja Congress and the Rashaida Free Lions primarily formed due to the inability to address their regional concerns through peaceful means.

Eastern Front (Sudan)
The Eastern Front (Arabic: الجبهة الشرقية, romanized: al-Jabhah al-Sharqīyah) was a coalition of rebel groups operating in eastern Sudan along the border with Eritrea, particularly the states of Red Sea and Kassala. The Eastern Front's Chairman is Musa Mohamed Ahmed. While the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) was the primary member of the Eastern Front, the SPLA was obliged to leave by the January 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement that ended the Second Sudanese Civil War.  Their place was taken in February 2004 after the merger of the larger Beja Congress with the smaller Rashaida Free Lions, two tribal based groups of the Beja and Rashaida people, respectively. The Justice and Equality Movement (JEM), a rebel group from Darfur in the west, then joined.
Michael Franciscus Buttigieg
Michael Franciscus Buttigieg (3 November 1793 – 12 July 1866) was a Maltese prelate who became the first Bishop of Gozo in 1864.

Buttigieg was born on November 3, 1793, in Qala, Gozo, Malta and baptized in St Peter and St Paul parish church of Nadur (Qala was at the time part of the Nadur parish). He was ordained priest on December 21, 1816. Some years later, in 1863, he was appointed as the Auxiliary Bishop of Malta. He was consecrated by Cardinal Niccola Paracciani Clarelli on May 3, 1863, in the church of Santissima Trinità Montecitorio in Rome. Buttigieg was assigned the titular see of Lete.

A year later, in 1864, Pope Pius IX created the Diocese of Gozo and Buttigieg was appointed as its first bishop. He took charge of the diocese on October 23, 1864. Two years later Bishop Buttigieg died in Victoria, Gozo on July 12, 1866, at the age of 72. He is buried in the Cathedral of the Assumption in Victoria, Gozo.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Gozo
The Diocese of Gozo (Latin: Dioecesis Goulos-Gaudisiensis; Maltese: Djoċesi ta' Għawdex) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Malta, and the only suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Malta, together covering the insular state.

The diocese comprises the island of Gozo (seventeen miles west of the Maltese capital Valletta) and the islet of Comino.
Turun Palloseura
Turun Palloseura, commonly known as TPS, is a professional football club based in Turku, Finland. Since winning promotion in 2025, the men's team competes in Veikkausliiga, the highest tier. Nicknamed "Tepsi", the club was founded in 1922.

TPS have won 8 League titles and 3 Finnish Cups. They play their home league matches at Veritas Stadion, with a capacity of 9,372 seats for most matches.

Kupittaa Football Stadium
Kupittaa Football Stadium (Finnish: Kupittaan jalkapallostadion; Swedish: Kuppis fotbollsstadion), officially Veritas Stadion for sponsorship reasons since 2003, is a football stadium in Turku, Finland. It is situated in the district of Kupittaa, in an area dedicated to sporting venues. The stadium serves as the home venue for the Veikkausliiga clubs FC Inter Turku and Turun Palloseura. Since 2023, the stadium has a capacity of 9,072 spectators.
Austin Princess
The Austin Princess is a series of large luxury cars that were made by Austin and its subsidiary Vanden Plas from 1947 to 1968. The cars were also marketed under the Princess and Vanden Plas marque names.

The Princess name was also used as follows:

From October 1959, the name Princess was used on a deluxe version of BMC's full-sized executive cars badged as an Austin Westminster, Vanden Plas Princess and Wolseley 6/99-6/110

From October 1962, Princess was used on a deluxe version of the Austin/Morris 1300.

From September 1975, Princess was used as a name for mass-produced family cars in Leyland's 1800/2200 former Austin/Morris/Wolseley range.

BMC ADO16
The BMC ADO16 is a range of small family cars built by the British Motor Corporation (BMC) and, later, British Leyland. Launched in 1962, it was Britain's best-selling car from 1963 to 1966 and from 1968 to 1971. The ADO16 was marketed globally under various make and model names; the most prolific variant was the Austin 1100 and Morris 1100. At the height of its popularity, it was widely known as the 1100 (eleven-hundred) in its home market, or as the 1300 when equipped with the 1275 cc engine.

In production for 12 years, production of the ADO16 reached 2.1 million between 1962 and 1974, more than half of those sold in the UK home market. British Leyland phased out the 1100/1300 between 1971 and 1974 in favour of the Morris Marina and the Austin Allegro.
WFXV
WFXV (channel 33) is a television station in Utica, New York, United States, serving the Mohawk Valley as an affiliate of the Fox network and an owned-and-operated station of The CW Plus. It is owned by Nexstar Media Group, The CW's majority owner, alongside low-power MyNetworkTV affiliate WPNY-LD (channel 11); Nexstar also provides certain services to ABC affiliate WUTR (channel 20) under joint sales and shared services agreements (JSA/SSA) with Mission Broadcasting. The three stations share studios on Smith Hill Road in Deerfield (with a Utica mailing address), where WFXV's transmitter is also located.

WUTR
WUTR (channel 20) is a television station in Utica, New York, United States, serving as the ABC affiliate for the Mohawk Valley. It is owned by Mission Broadcasting, which maintains joint sales and shared services agreements (JSA/SSA) with Nexstar Media Group, owner of Fox affiliate/CW+ owned-and-operated station WFXV (channel 33) and low-power MyNetworkTV affiliate WPNY-LD (channel 11), for the provision of certain services. The three stations share studios on Smith Hill Road in Deerfield (with a Utica mailing address), where WUTR's transmitter is also located.
Shadow of the Thin Man
Shadow of the Thin Man is a 1941 American comedy mystery film directed by W. S. Van Dyke and starring William Powell and Myrna Loy as Nick and Nora Charles. It was produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as the fourth installment in the Thin Man film series. The cast also features Barry Nelson, Donna Reed, Sam Levene (reprising his role from 1936's After the Thin Man), Alan Baxter, Henry O'Neill, and Dickie Hall. This was one of three films in which Stella Adler appeared.

After the Thin Man
After the Thin Man is a 1936 American comedy mystery film directed by W. S. Van Dyke and starring William Powell and Myrna Loy. A sequel to the 1934 feature The Thin Man, the film presents Powell and Loy as Dashiell Hammett's characters Nick and Nora Charles. The film also features James Stewart, Elissa Landi, Joseph Calleia, Jessie Ralph, Alan Marshal, and Teddy Hart.
Vladimir Voronin (captain)
Vladimir Ivanovich Voronin (Russian: Владимир Иванович Воронин; October 17, 1890 – October 18, 1952) was a Soviet Navy captain, born in Sumsky Posad, in the present Republic of Karelia, Russia. In 1932 he commanded the expedition of the Soviet icebreaker A. Sibiryakov which made the first successful crossing of the Northern Sea Route in a single navigation without wintering. This voyage was organized by the All-Union Arctic Institute (presently known as the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute).

A. Sibiryakov (icebreaker)
Alexander Sibiryakov (Russian Александр Сибиряков) was a steamship that was built in Scotland in 1909 as Bellaventure, and was originally a seal hunting ship in Newfoundland. In 1917 the Russian government bought her to be an icebreaker. She served the RSFSR and Soviet Union until 1942, when she was sunk by enemy action. The ship gave notable service in the Russian Arctic during the 1930s.

The ship was recorded as Bellaventure until at least 1920. By 1927 she had been renamed Александр Сибиряков. In the Latin alphabet her name was rendered Alexander Sibiriakov until at least 1935. This had been changed to Alexander Sibiryakov by 1939.
James FitzThomas FitzGerald
James fitz Thomas FitzGerald, called the Súgán Earl (died 1608), was a pretender to the Earldom of Desmond who made his claim and led a rebellion after the last earl, Gerald FitzGerald, 14th Earl of Desmond had been killed in 1583. The pretended earl derived his claim from being the eldest grandson of James FitzGerald, 13th Earl of Desmond. However, the marriage of his paternal grandparents had been annulled for consanguinity as his paternal grandmother was the 13th Earl's grandniece.

Earl of Desmond
Earl of Desmond (Irish: Iarla Dheasumhan meaning Earl of South Munster) is a title of nobility created by the English monarch in the peerage of Ireland. The title has been created four times. It was first awarded in 1329 to Maurice FitzGerald, 4th Baron Desmond, a Hiberno-Norman lord in Southwest Ireland, and it was held by his descendants until 1583 when they rose against the English crown in the Desmond Rebellions. Following two short-lived recreations of the title in the early 1600s, the title has been held since 1628 by the Feilding family of Warwickshire, England. The current holder is Alexander Feilding, 12th Earl of Denbigh and 11th Earl of Desmond (4th creation). The earldom held by the Fitzgerald family historically comprised what is now  the entirety of County Limerick with large swathes of County Cork, County Kerry and County Waterford also being included. It bordered the Kingdom of Desmond, Kingdom of Thomond and the Earldom of Ormond
2017–18 Belgian First Amateur Division
The 2017–18 Belgian First Amateur Division was the second season of the third-tier football league in Belgium, as it was established in 2016. The fixtures were announced near the end of June 2017.

Although Knokke won the title after winning the playoffs, it was Lommel who was promoted as Knokke had not applied for a license to play at the professional level. At the bottom side of the table, following the bankruptcy of Lierse (playing in the 2017–18 Belgian First Division B), one less team was forced to be relegated. As a result, 13th placed Châtelet was saved and did not have to play the 2017–18 Belgian Second Amateur Division Promotion play-offs Final, which was played instead by Hamme who avoided direct relegation. Hamme in the end could not win the Promotion Final and was relegated after all, together with Berchem Sport and Patro Eisden Maasmechelen who had finished in the bottom two places.

2017–18 Belgian Second Amateur Division
The 2017–18 Belgian Second Amateur Division is the second season of the division in its current format, placed at the fourth-tier of football in Belgium.

The division consists of three separate leagues, each containing 16 teams. Leagues A and B consist of teams with a license from the Voetbalfederatie Vlaanderen (VFV, the Dutch speaking wing of the Belgian FA), while league C contains teams with a license from the Association des Clubs Francophones de Football (ACFF, the French speaking wing of the RBFA). The champions from each of the three leagues will promote to the 2018–19 Belgian First Amateur Division. The fixtures will be announced in July 2017.
Anna of Tyrol
Anna of Tyrol (4 October 1585 – 14 December 1618) was by birth an Archduchess of Austria and member of the Tyrolean branch of the House of Habsburg. By marriage, she was Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Queen of Bohemia and Queen of Hungary.

The first crowned Holy Roman Empress since the mid-15th century, she was responsible for the moving of the Imperial court from Prague to Vienna, which became one of the centers of European culture. A proponent of the Counter-Reformation, she held a great influence over her husband Matthias, with whom she founded the Imperial Crypt, which later became the burial place of the Habsburg dynasty.

Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor
Matthias (24 February 1557 – 20 March 1619) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1612 to 1619, Archduke of Austria from 1608 to 1619, King of Hungary and Croatia from 1608 to 1618 and King of Bohemia from 1611 to 1617. His personal motto was Concordia lumine maior ("Unity is stronger in the light").

Matthias played a significant role in the familial opposition of the Habsburgs against his brother Emperor Rudolf II. After gaining power, he showed little political initiative of his own. The course of his politics was determined by Cardinal Melchior Klesl until his fall in 1618. As a consequence of his failed religious and administrative policies, the Bohemian Revolt, the initial theatre of the Thirty Years' War, began during the final year of Matthias' reign.
Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts
The Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts (widely known as the Historical Manuscripts Commission, and abbreviated as the HMC to distinguish it from the Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England), was a United Kingdom Royal Commission established in 1869 to survey and report on privately owned and privately held archival records of general  historical interest. Its brief was "to make inquiry as to the places in which such Manuscripts and Papers were deposited", and to report on their contents. It remained in existence until 2003, when it merged with the Public Record Office to form The National Archives. Although it technically survives as a legal entity, its work is now entirely subsumed into that of The National Archives.

Public Record Office
The Public Record Office (abbreviated as PRO, pronounced as three letters and referred to as the PRO), Chancery Lane in the City of London, was the guardian of the national archives of the United Kingdom from 1838 until 2003, when it was merged with the Historical Manuscripts Commission to form The National Archives, based in Kew. It was under the control of the Master of the Rolls, a senior judge. The Public Record Office still exists as a legal entity, as the enabling legislation has not been modified.
Fnac
Fnac (French pronunciation: [fnak]) is a French multinational retail chain specializing in the sale of entertainment media and consumer electronics.

Fnac was founded by André Essel and Max Théret in 1954. Its headquarters is located in Le Flavia in Ivry-sur-Seine near Paris. Its name is an abbreviation of Fédération Nationale d'Achats des Cadres ("National Purchasing Federation for Executives"). It merged with Darty in 2016 to become Groupe Fnac Darty.

Fnac Darty
Groupe Fnac Darty, formerly Groupe Fnac S.A., is a multinational retail company headquartered in Ivry-sur-Seine, France. It took its current name after acquiring Darty plc (formerly Kesa Electricals plc and Darty Limited) in 2016.
Bény-sur-Mer Canadian War Cemetery
The Bény-sur-Mer Canadian War Cemetery (French: Cimetière militaire canadien de Bény-sur-Mer) is a burial ground containing predominantly Canadian soldiers killed during the early stages of the Battle of Normandy in the Second World War. It is located in, and named after, Bény-sur-Mer, in the Calvados department, near Caen, in lower Normandy. As is typical of war cemeteries in France, the grounds are landscaped and kept. Contained within the cemetery is a cross of sacrifice, a monument typical of memorials designed by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.

Canadian soldiers killed later, in the Battle of Normandy, are buried south-east of Caen, in the Bretteville-sur-Laize Canadian War Cemetery, located in Cintheaux.

Bretteville-sur-Laize Canadian War Cemetery
The Bretteville-sur-Laize Canadian War Cemetery is a war cemetery containing predominantly Canadian soldiers killed during the later stages of the Battle of Normandy, France, in the Second World War. It is located close to the village of Cintheaux and named after Bretteville-sur-Laize in the Calvados department, between Caen and Falaise in lower Normandy.