hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 Manchester Central by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Manchester Central was held on 15 November 2012, following the resignation of incumbent Labour Party member of Parliament (MP) Tony Lloyd in order to stand in the inaugural Police and Crime Commissioner elections. It was won by Lucy Powell who held the seat for Labour.

The Liberal Democrats and the Conservatives lost significant numbers of votes compared with the 2010 general election, with the Conservatives losing their deposit. There was an unusually low turnout of just 18.2%, the lowest in a parliamentary by-election since the Second World War. By-elections in Cardiff South and Penarth and Corby were held on the same day, as were the first ever Police and Crime Commissioner elections.

2012 Cardiff South and Penarth by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Cardiff South and Penarth was held on 15 November 2012, triggered by the resignation of the incumbent Labour Party MP Alun Michael. Stephen Doughty of Labour held the seat forr the party with an increased majority

The by-election was held on the same day as the Manchester Central and Corby by-elections, and the inaugural Police and Crime Commissioner elections.
Pakistani cricket team in Australia in 1972–73
The Pakistan national cricket team toured Australia in the 1972–73 season and played three Test matches against the Australian national cricket team. After an inadequate preparation against weak teams, Pakistan lost by an innings in the first Test in Adelaide.  While Australia won the series 3–0, the last two tests were competitive, with Pakistan seeming the likely winner on the second last days. The 2nd test in Melbourne was attended by 115,721. Pakistan also visited Sri Lanka and played a match against the Sri Lankan national cricket team and followed the tour with a series against New Zealand, where both teams played their first ODI.

Pakistani cricket team in New Zealand in 1972–73
The Pakistan national cricket team toured New Zealand in January and February 1973 and played a three-match Test series against the New Zealand national cricket team. Pakistan won the series 1-0, marking their first Test series victory outside Pakistan. Additionally, a Limited Overs International (LOI) took place between the second and third Tests; this match was the inaugural LOI of both teams.
Tokyo Fiancée
Tokyo Fiancée (French: Ni d'Ève ni d'Adam "Neither Eve nor Adam") is an autobiographical novel by the Belgian writer Amélie Nothomb. It appeared on 20 August 2007 published by Éditions Albin Michel, with a film adaptation being released in 2014.

The novel is partially concurrent with Nothomb's earlier novel, Fear and Trembling.

Fear and Trembling (novel)
Fear and Trembling (original title: Stupeur et tremblements, which means "Stupefaction and trembling") is a fictional, satirical novel by Amélie Nothomb, first published in 1999, and translated into English by Adriana Hunter in 2001. It was awarded the Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française that year. It was adapted into the film Fear and Trembling in 2003.

The novel is partially concurrent with Nothomb's later novel, Tokyo Fiancée.
Victa Aircruiser
The Victa Aircruiser was a 1960s Australian four-seat touring monoplane designed by Henry Millicer and built as a single prototype by Victa Ltd. Victa completed certification work but did not place the aircraft into production. The design rights were later sold to Aero Engine Services Limited (AESL) in 1969 and formed the basis of the PAC CT/4 military trainer.

PAC CT/4 Airtrainer
The Pacific Aerospace Corporation CT/4 Airtrainer series is an all-metal-construction, single-engine, two-place with side-by-side seating, fully aerobatic, piston-engined, basic training aircraft manufactured in Hamilton, New Zealand.
Groupe Caisse d'Épargne
Groupe Caisse d'épargne (French pronunciation: [ɡʁup kɛs depaʁɲ], lit. 'Savings Bank Group') was a group of French savings banks that were converted into cooperative banks by legislation enacted in 1999.: 175  Its roots went back to the founding in 1818 of the Caisse d'Épargne et de Prévoyance de Paris, initiated by Benjamin Delessert and the Duke of La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt.

Caisse d'Épargne was an active financial services group engaged in retail and private banking, maintaining a network of approximately 4,700 branches across the country. The group also held a significant interest in the publicly traded investment bank Natixis. In 2009, Caisse d'Épargne merged with Groupe Banque Populaire to establish Groupe BPCE. A dedicated retail banking network currently operates under the Caisse d'Épargne brand name within the larger BPCE structure.

BPCE Group
BPCE (for Banque Populaire Caisse d'Epargne) is a major French banking group formed by the 2009 merger of two major retail banking groups, Groupe Caisse d'Épargne and Groupe Banque Populaire. As of 2025, it was France's third-largest bank, the sixth largest in Europe, and the twenty-first in the world by total assets. It has more than 8,200 branches nationwide under their respective brand names serving nearly 150 million customers. Its wholesale banking subsidiary Natixis, previously a separately listed company, was delisted and came under full ownership of Groupe BPCE in 2021.

BPCE has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank. It is also designated as a global systemically important bank (G-SIB) by the Financial Stability Board.
Drone (bee)
A drone is a male honey bee. Unlike the female worker bee, a drone has no stinger. It does not gather nectar or pollen and cannot feed without assistance from worker bees. Its only role is to mate with a maiden queen in nuptial flight, and often dies after doing so.

Queen bee
A queen bee is typically an adult, mated female (gyne) that lives in a colony or hive of honey bees. With fully developed reproductive organs, the queen is usually the mother of most, if not all, of the bees in the beehive. Queens are developed from larvae selected by worker bees and specially fed in order to become sexually mature. There is normally only one adult, mated queen in a hive, in which case the bees will usually follow and fiercely protect her.

The term "queen bee" can be more generally applied to any dominant reproductive female in a colony of a eusocial bee species other than honey bees. However, as in the Brazilian stingless bee (Schwarziana quadripunctata), a single nest may have multiple queens or even dwarf queens, ready to replace a dominant queen in case of a sudden death.
Usman Haji Muhammad Ali
Second Sergeant Usman bin Haji Muhammad Ali (18 March 1943 – 17 October 1968), also spelt Osman bin Haji Mohamed Ali, was an Indonesian marine and convicted murderer. He uses the aliases Janatin or Usman Janatin during his task of bombing the MacDonald House, which killed three people and injured 33 other people. Usman was executed alongside his accomplice Harun Said for the murders of the three deceased victims from the MacDonald House bombing.

Harun Thohir
Second Corporal Harun Thohir or Harun bin Said (birth name Tahir bin Mandar; 4 April 1943 – 17 October 1968) was an Indonesian sailor born in Bawean Island, East Java, on 4 April 1943 to Mahdar and Aswiyani, while another source stated that he was born on 14 April 1943.

He was one of a three-member special forces team part of the Indonesian Marine Corps (the others being Usman bin Haji Muhammad Ali, alias "Janatin" and Gani bin Arup) who carried out the MacDonald House bombing in Singapore, during the Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation, that killed three civilians. Following his capture, he was hanged for murder.
Siti Nurhaliza II
Siti Nurhaliza is the second studio album by Malaysian singer Siti Nurhaliza, released on 27 January 1997 by Suria Records.

Recorded after the release of her debut self-titled album (1996), Siti Nurhaliza II was her two of six collaborations with Adnan Abu Hassan and also one of her two albums released in 1997, the other being Cindai, her first traditional album. For the first time of Siti's career, she wrote the lyrics for the song, "Demi Kasih Kita".

Siti Nurhaliza I
Siti Nurhaliza is the debut album by Malaysian singer Siti Nurhaliza, released on 1 April 1996 by Suria Records. The album is the debut of her after winning in a singing competition by RTM, Bintang HMI 1995, where she recorded in 1996. The album is self-titled, and composed almost entirely of pop and ballad genre with its famous debut single "Jerat Percintaan" which later won the 11th Anugerah Juara Lagu in the same year and sold more than 50,000 copies. She won the title during her first entrance to Anugerah Juara Lagu by beating favourites at that time, Ziana Zain and Fauziah Latiff.

Siti Nurhaliza is one of Siti's first of six albums with collaboration with Adnan Abu Hassan, who contributes seven songs in the album.
Proboscis monkey
The proboscis monkey or long-nosed monkey (Nasalis larvatus) is an arboreal Old World monkey with an unusually large nose (or proboscis), a reddish-brown skin color and a long tail. It is endemic to the Southeast Asian island of Borneo and is found mostly in mangrove forests and on the coastal areas of the island.

This species co-exists with the Bornean orangutan and monkeys such as the silvery lutung. It belongs in the monotypic genus Nasalis.

Silvery lutung
The silvery lutung (Trachypithecus cristatus), also known as the silvered leaf monkey or the silvery langur, is an Old World monkey.  It is arboreal, living in coastal, mangrove, and riverine forests in Sumatra, Borneo, Java, as well as in parts of the southwestern Malay Peninsula, the Natuna Islands, and other nearby islands. It is the type species of its species group.
General Motors BT1 platform
The GM BT1 platform, marketed under Ultium branding, is a dedicated electric vehicle architecture or platform developed by General Motors (GM). It underpins electric full-size pickup trucks and SUVs sold by GM, using battery and motor technology developed under its Ultium program; these are shared with third-generation GM electric vehicles on the BEV3 platform. BT1 is categorized as a skateboard platform.

General Motors BEV3 platform
The General Motors BEV3 platform is a dedicated electric vehicle architecture or platform developed by General Motors. It is the third-generation electric vehicle platform by GM, succeeding the BEV2 platform. It is categorized as a skateboard platform.
Chikuzen Province
Chikuzen Province (筑前国, Chikuzen no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [tɕi̥.kɯꜜ.(d)zeɴ, -(d)zen no kɯ.ɲi]) was a province of Japan in the area of northern Kyushu, corresponding to part of north and western Fukuoka Prefecture. Chikuzen bordered on Hizen to the east, and Buzen east, and Bungo to the southeast. Its abbreviated form name was Chikushū (筑州) (a name which it shared with Chikugo Province), although it was also called Chikuyo (筑陽). In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Chikuzen was one of the provinces of the Saikaidō circuit. Under the Engishiki classification system, Chikuzen was ranked as one of the "superior countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "far countries" (遠国) in terms of distance from the capital.

Tsukushi Province
Tsukushi Province (筑紫国, Tsukushi-no kuni) was an ancient province of Japan, in the area of Chikuzen and Chikugo provinces.  This province was located  within Fukuoka Prefecture. It was sometimes called Chikushū (筑州).
Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy
Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA) is a forest service training institute under the Ministry of Environment and Forests of India, which was originally called as Indian Forest College, established in 1938 for training of senior forest officers. The institute trains Indian Forest Service (IFS) officers before they are sent to their respective state cadres to carry out their duties.It is situated in the New Forest campus of Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun.

The primary mandate of the academy is to impart knowledge and skills to the professional foresters and help them to develop competence for managing the country's forest and wildlife resources on a sustainable basis. In the academy training is provided at different levels of seniority in the Indian Forest Service besides training the new entrants to the service.

Forest Research Institute (India)
The Forest Research Institute (abbr. FRI; Hindi: वन अनुसन्धान संस्थान) is a Natural Resource Service training institute of the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education and is an institution in the field of forestry research in India for Indian Forest Service cadres and all State Forest Service cadres. It is located at Dehradun in Uttarakhand, and is among the oldest institutions of its kind. In 1991, it was declared a deemed university by the University Grants Commission.

The Forest Research Institute campus hosts the Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), the staff college that trains officers selected for the Indian Forest Service (IFS).
Line 1 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 1 is a north–south line of the Shanghai Metro. It runs from Fujin Road in the north, via Shanghai Railway Station to Xinzhuang in the south. The first line to open in the Shanghai Metro system, line 1 serves many important points in Shanghai, including People's Square and Xujiahui. Due to the large number of important locations served, this line is extremely busy, with a daily ridership of over 1,000,000 passengers. Generally, the line runs at grade beside the Shanghai–Hangzhou railway in the south, underground in the city center and elevated on the second deck of the North–South Elevated Road in the North. The line is colored red on system maps.

Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁; pinyin: Shànghǎi Dìtiě; Shanghainese: Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to the neighboring township of Huaqiao, in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province.

Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length, totaling 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the second largest system by number of stations, with 506 stations across 19 lines (408, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). It also ranks first in the world by annual ridership, with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Ridership routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city.
Simmons Colored School
Simmons Colored School is a historic building and a former African American school in The Ville neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.. It served as a historically segregated African American elementary school and middle school from 1898 until 1930. The building served as the Stowe Teachers College campus, an African American normal school and junior college from 1930 until 1940. The building has played an important role in The Ville community since its inception. The school was also known as Elleardsville School for Colored Children No. 8, Colored School #8, Simmons Middle School, and Simmons School.

The Simmons Colored School has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1999, for the architecture and contributions to Black history.

Harris–Stowe State University
Harris–Stowe State University (HSSU) is a public historically black university in St. Louis, Missouri. The university offers 50 majors, minors, and certificate programs in education, business, and arts & sciences. It is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. It is located immediately east of the Saint Louis University campus. The school had a fall headcount enrollment of 1,098 students in 2023.
SHISH
The State Intelligence Service (Albanian: Shërbimi Informativ i Shtetit), commonly known by its acronym SHISH, is the main national civilian intelligence and security agency of Albania. It was preceded by SHIK.

SHIK
The National Informative Service (Albanian: Shërbimi Informativ Kombëtar), commonly known as SHIK, was an intelligence service agency created in 1991 by the Albanian People's Assembly. It was the successor to Sigurimi, the notorious secret service agency which repressed anti-communist dissent during the communist government of 1944–1991. The agency was succeeded by SHISH in 1997.
Augustus John
Augustus Edwin John OM RA (4 January 1878 – 31 October 1961) was a Welsh painter, draughtsman, and etcher. For a time he was considered the most important artist at work in Britain: Virginia Woolf remarked that by 1908 the era of John Singer Sargent and Charles Wellington Furse "... was over. The age of Augustus John was dawning." In the second volume of BLAST, Percy Wyndham Lewis wrote, referring to John, that the ten years up to 1914 had been "the Augustan decade." He was the younger brother of the painter Gwen John.

Gwen John
Gwendolen "Gwen" Mary John (22 June 1876 – 18 September 1939) was a Welsh artist who worked in France for most of her career. Her paintings, mainly portraits of anonymous female sitters, are rendered in a range of closely related tones. Although in her lifetime, John's work was overshadowed by that of her brother Augustus and her mentor and lover Auguste Rodin, awareness and esteem for John's artistic contributions has grown considerably since her death.
Darcy's law
Darcy's law is an equation that describes the flow of a fluid through a porous medium and through a Hele-Shaw cell. The law was formulated by Henry Darcy based on results of experiments on the flow of water through beds of sand, forming the basis of hydrogeology, a branch of earth sciences. It is analogous to Ohm's law in electrostatics, linearly relating the volume flow rate of the fluid to the hydraulic head difference (which is often just proportional to the pressure difference) via the hydraulic conductivity. In fact, the Darcy's law is a special case of the Stokes equation for the momentum flux, in turn deriving from the momentum Navier–Stokes equation.

Hydraulic conductivity
In science and  engineering, hydraulic conductivity (K, in SI units of meters per second), is a property of porous materials, soils and rocks, that describes the ease with which a fluid (usually water) can move through the pore space, or fracture network. It depends on the intrinsic permeability (k, unit: m2) of the material, the degree of saturation, and on the density and viscosity of the fluid. Saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ksat, describes water movement through saturated media.
By definition, hydraulic conductivity is the ratio of volume flux to hydraulic gradient yielding a quantitative measure of a  saturated soil's ability to transmit water when subjected to a hydraulic gradient.
Mbarara Hospital
Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH), also known as Mbarara Hospital or Mbarara University Teaching Hospital, is a government-owned healthcare facility located in Mbarara City, in the Western Region of Uganda. It serves as a referral center for the Ankole sub-region, neighboring districts and 
surrounding countries, including the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Burundi. The hospital provides specialized and super-specialized services to a catchment area of twelve districts, including the City of Mbarara.

Mbarara
Mbarara City is a city in the Western Region of Uganda and the second largest city in Uganda after Kampala. The city is divided into 6 boroughs of Kakoba Division, Kamukuzi Division, Nyamitanga Division, Biharwe Division, Kakiika Division, Nyakayojo Division. It is the main commercial centre of most of south western districts of Uganda and the site of the district headquarters. In May 2019, the Uganda's cabinet granted Mbarara a city status, which started on 1 July 2020. The name of the municipality came from a colonial mispronunciation of Emburara (Hyperemia rufa), a tall grass that previously covered the whole area.
Chris Trousdale
Christopher Ryan Pask (June 11, 1985 – June 2, 2020), known professionally as Chris Trousdale, was an American singer, dancer and actor. He was a member of The Broadway Kids and the boy band Dream Street, working with Jesse McCartney, Frankie J. Galasso, Greg Raposo, and Matt Ballinger.

Greg Raposo
Gregory Frank Raposo, known professionally as Greg Raposo (born May 3, 1985), is an American rock'n'roll singer and actor. Raposo initially came to fame in the early 2000s as a member of the boy band Dream Street, but has subsequently branched out into a solo career as a rock singer. His self-titled debut solo album Greg Raposo was released in 2003 and charted at #40 on the Independent Albums Chart in its opening week. His follow up 2012 release Loss Love Life was released independently.
Jason Jarrett (racing driver)
Jason Anthony Jarrett (born October 14, 1975) is an American race car spotter for Wood Brothers Racing and JR Motorsports. A former driver in the NASCAR Busch Series and ARCA Racing Series, he has not driven in competition since 2005. Jarrett is the son of 1999 NASCAR Winston Cup Series champion Dale Jarrett and the grandson of two-time champion Ned Jarrett.

Dale Jarrett
Dale Arnold Jarrett (born November 26, 1956) is an American former race car driver and current racing commentator for NBC. He is best known for winning the Daytona 500 three times (in 1993, 1996, and 2000) and winning the NASCAR Winston Cup Series championship in 1999. He is the son of 2-time Grand National Champion Ned Jarrett, younger brother of Glenn Jarrett, father of former driver Jason Jarrett, and cousin of Todd Jarrett. In 2007, Jarrett joined the ESPN/ABC broadcasting team as an announcer in select Nationwide Series races. In 2008, after retiring from driving following the 2008 Food City 500, he joined ESPN permanently as the lead racing analyst replacing Rusty Wallace. In 2015, Jarrett became a part of the NBC Sports Broadcasting Crew for NASCAR events. He was inducted in the 2014 class of the NASCAR Hall of Fame and the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 2025.
Robson Square
Robson Square is a landmark civic centre and public plaza, located in Downtown Vancouver, British Columbia. It is the site of the Provincial Law Courts, UBC Robson Square, government office buildings, and public space connecting the newer development to the Vancouver Art Gallery.

Law Courts (Vancouver)
The Law Courts building is part of the landmark Robson Square complex in downtown Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.  It was designed by renowned Canadian architect Arthur Erickson.  The Law Courts building occupies the southern block of the three city block complex, provincial government offices the middle block, and the Vancouver Art Gallery the northern block.  The building is used exclusively by the two higher courts of the Province of British Columbia: the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeal.
Dursley
Dursley is a market town and civil parish in the Stroud District of Gloucestershire, England. It lies between the cities of Bristol and Gloucester. It is under the northeast flank of Stinchcombe Hill, and about 4 miles (6 km) southeast of the River Severn. The town is adjacent to the village of Cam. The population of Dursley was 7,463 at the 2021 Census.

Stinchcombe
Stinchcombe is a small village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England on the B4060 road between Dursley and North Nibley. The church is called St Cyr's and its churchyard contains 40–60 gravestones. The population taken at the 2011 census was 480.

It gives its name to the nearby Stinchcombe Hill (grid reference ST7360698151) which is a 28.6-hectare (71-acre), a nearly detached part of the Cotswold Edge, which was notified as a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in 1966.