hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sergei Nikolaevich Trubetskoy
Prince Sergei Nikolaevich Trubetskoy (Russian: Серге́й Никола́евич Трубецко́й; 4 August [O. S. 23 June] 1862 – 23 September 1905) was a Russian religious philosopher. He was the son of Prince Nikolai Petrovitch Trubetskoy, co-founder of the Moscow Conservatory, and Sophia Alekseievna Lopouchina, who was a big influence on his religious thought. Trubetskoy and his brother, Evgenii Nikolaevitch Troubetzkoy (1863–1920), continued Vladimir Solovyov's work on developing a modern Christian philosophy of the world. He was also a professor of philosophy at Moscow University and a founding member of the underground discussion circle Beseda.

Evgenii Troubetzkoy
Prince Evgeny Nikolayevitch Trubetskoy (Troubetzkoy, Russian: Евге́ний Никола́евич Трубецко́й; 5 October 1863 – 5 February 1920) was a Russian philosopher and a follower of Vladimir Solovyov. He was the son of Prince Nikolai Petrovitch Trubetskoy, co-founder of the Moscow Conservatory, and Sophia Alekseievna Lopouchina. His mother was a big influence on his religious thought. He was close to his brother, Sergei Nikolaevich Trubetskoy, who was also a philosopher. Trubetskoy studied law at Moscow University, graduating in 1885, and soon turned to philosophy. In 1892 he earned a master’s degree in philosophy on a study of Augustine, and later a doctorate (1897) for work on Pope Gregory VII.

Russian paleontologist and Christian apologist Alexander V. Khramov (Borissiak Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ph.D. from Moscow University) attributes his ideas about an atemporal human fall to Troubetzkoy and Nikolai Berdyaev.
Uttar Raypur
Uttar Raypur is a census town and a gram panchayat within the jurisdiction of the Budge Budge police station in the Budge Budge I CD block in the Alipore Sadar subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Budge Budge
Budge Budge (Bengali: [bɔd͡ʒbɔd͡ʒ] ⓘ) is a city and a municipality of South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).
Less (Unix)
less is a terminal pager program on Unix, Windows, and Unix-like systems used to view (but not change) the contents of a text file one screen at a time. It is similar to more, but has the extended capability of allowing both forward and backward navigation through the file. Unlike most Unix text editors/viewers, less does not need to read the entire file before starting, allowing for immediate viewing regardless of file size.

More (command)
In computing, more is a command to view (but not modify) the contents of a text file one screen at a time. It is available on Unix and Unix-like systems, MS-DOS, Digital Research FlexOS, IBM/Toshiba 4690 OS, IBM OS/2, Windows and ReactOS. Programs of this sort are called pagers. more is a very basic pager, originally allowing only forward navigation through a file, though newer implementations do allow for limited backward movement.
Seo Seung-jae
Seo Seung-jae (Korean: 서승재; born 4 September 1997) is a South Korean badminton player. A three-time World champion, he is the first South Korean player in 24 years to have won two gold medals in a single edition of the BWF World Championships, by winning the mixed and men's doubles event at the 2023 BWF World Championships, partnering with Chae Yoo-jung and Kang Min-hyuk respectively. He competed at the 2017 Sudirman Cup and helped the Korean national team to its fourth trophy. He retained his Men's Doubles Title in the  2025 BWF World Championships with his partner Kim Won-ho, having only competed in the Men's Doubles Category.

Kang Min-hyuk (badminton)
Kang Min-hyuk (Korean: 강민혁; RR: Gang Min-hyeok; born 17 February 1999) is a South Korean badminton player affiliated with Samsung Electro-Mechanics team. He became men's doubles World champion with his partner Seo Seung-jae in 2023. Educated at Maewon High School, Kang rose to prominence when he along with Kim Won-ho, defeated seeded players at the 2019 Asian Championships and reached the semi-finals, ultimately winning the bronze medal. He has joined the South Korea national badminton team since 2017, became the part of Korean team that won bronze medal at the 2021 Sudirman Cup and the silver medal in 2023. During his career as a junior player, Kang became the part of 2017 Asian Junior Championships mixed team champion as well.
Green Street Green
Green Street Green is an area in south-east London, located in the London Borough of Bromley and, prior to 1965, in the historic county of Kent. It is located south of Orpington, west of Chelsfield, north-west of Pratt's Bottom, north of Hazelwood, and south east of Farnborough.

Orpington
Orpington is a town in Greater London, England, within the London Borough of Bromley. It is 13.4 miles (21.6 km) south east of Charing Cross.

On the south-eastern edge of the Greater London Built-up Area, it is south of St Mary Cray, southwest of Swanley, west of Ramsden, north of Goddington and Green Street Green, and east of Crofton and Broom Hill. Orpington is covered by the London BR postcode area.

It is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
Death sentences during the Mahsa Amini protests
Death sentences during the Mahsa Amini protests is a list of Iranian citizens sentenced to death or charged with crimes punishable by death in the Islamic Republic of Iran during the Mahsa Amini protests. Following rushed trials that were widely criticized by human rights organizations, the Islamic Republic has executed eight protestors, Mohsen Shekari, Majidreza Rahnavard, Mohammad Mehdi Karami, Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini, Saleh Mirhashemi, Majid Kazemi, Saeed Yaghoobi and Mohammad Ghobadloo. Dozens of protesters have been charged with offenses that are punishable by death in Iran.

The list does not include demonstrators who have been killed by police during the protests, and it does not include people who received death sentences for convictions unrelated to the protests.

Execution of Mohsen Shekari
Mohsen Shekari (Persian: محسن شکاری; 24 February 2000 – 8 December 2022) was a 22-year-old Iranian man who was executed by the state of Iran after being convicted of injuring a member of Iran's Basij militia and being accused of Moharebeh, an Arabic word translating to "waging war against God".

Shekari's death was the first known state-sanctioned execution to have occurred as a direct result of the 2022 Mahsa Amini protests. His execution drew immediate condemnation from human rights organizations who expressed concerns that Shekari's execution, as well as the subsequent execution of Majidreza Rahnavard four days later, would catalyze a rash of state executions of protesters.
Leonard Patrick
Leonard "Lenny" Patrick (October 6, 1913 – March 1, 2006) was Jewish-American organized crime figure affiliated with the Italian-American Chicago Outfit. Along with his partner David Yaras, he was one of the most active of the organized crime hitmen during the 1940s till the 1960s. Together with Yaras, he rose to become the leader of Jewish organized crime in Chicago. Patrick was involved in bookmaking and extortion, later becoming a government informant.

David Yaras
David "Dave" Yaras (November 7, 1912 – January 4, 1974) was a Jewish-American organized crime figure associated with the Chicago Outfit. He was a partner of Leonard Patrick and one of the most active of the organized crime hitmen during the 1940s until the 1960s. Together with Patrick he was the leader of Jewish organized crime in Chicago.
Fundamental group
In the mathematical  field of algebraic topology, the fundamental group of a topological space is the group of the equivalence classes under homotopy of the loops contained in the space. It records information about the basic shape, or holes, of the topological space. The fundamental group is the first and simplest homotopy group. The fundamental group is a homotopy invariant—topological spaces that are homotopy equivalent (or the stronger case of homeomorphic) have isomorphic fundamental groups. The fundamental group of a topological space  is denoted by .

Homotopy group
In mathematics, homotopy groups are used in algebraic topology to classify topological spaces. The first and simplest homotopy group is the fundamental group, denoted  which records information about loops in a space.  Intuitively, homotopy groups record information about the basic shape, or holes, of a topological space.

To define the nth homotopy group, the base-point-preserving maps from an n-dimensional sphere (with base point) into a given space (with base point)  are collected into equivalence classes, called homotopy classes. Two mappings are homotopic if one can be continuously deformed into the other. These homotopy classes form a group, called the nth homotopy group,  of the given space X with base point. Topological spaces with differing homotopy groups are never homeomorphic, but topological spaces that are not homeomorphic can have the same homotopy groups.

The notion of homotopy of paths was introduced by Camille Jordan.
Salpingopharyngeus muscle
The salpingopharyngeus muscle is a muscle of the pharynx. It arises from the lower part of the cartilage of the Eustachian tube, and inserts into the palatopharyngeus muscle by blending with its posterior fasciculus. It is innervated by vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) via the pharyngeal plexus. It raises the pharynx and larynx during deglutition (swallowing) and laterally draws the pharyngeal walls up. It opens the pharyngeal orifice of the Eustachian tube during swallowing to allow for the equalization of pressure between it and the pharynx.

Pharyngeal plexus
The pharyngeal plexus is a nerve plexus located upon the outer surface of the pharynx. It contains a motor component (derived from the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)), a sensory component (derived from the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX)), and sympathetic component (derived from the superior cervical ganglion).

The plexus provides motor innervation to most muscles of the soft palate (all but the tensor veli palatini muscle) and most muscles of the pharynx (all but the stylopharyngeus muscle). The larynx meanwhile receives motor innervation from the vagus nerve (CN X) via its external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and its recurrent laryngeal nerve, and not through the pharyngeal plexus.
Hoderi
Umisachi-hiko (海佐知毘古/海幸彦), in Japanese mythology and folklore, was a deity of the bounty of the sea and enchanted fisherman.

He is called Hoderi no mikoto (火照命) in the Kojiki, and Ho-no-susori no mikoto (火闌降命) or Ho-no-suseri no mikoto (火酢芹命) in the Nihon Shoki.

In Japanese mythology, he appears with his younger brother Yamasachi-hiko (Hoori). When the fishhook he lent to his younger brother is lost at sea, he demands its return rather than accepting any compensation. Later, Hoderi is defeated after attacking Hoori (who has obtained mastery of the tides with a magic jewel) and vows to serve his younger brother forever onward.

Hoori
Hoori (火折尊, Hoori no Mikoto), also known as Hikohohodemi no Mikoto (彦火火出見尊), is a god in Japanese mythology, the third and youngest son of Ninigi-no-Mikoto and the blossom princess Konohanasakuya-hime. He is one of the ancestors of the Emperors of Japan as the grandfather of Emperor Jimmu. He is also known as Yamasachi-hiko (山幸彦).
John III of Soltaniyeh
John III of Soltaniyeh (Latin: Iohannes Sultaniensis archiepiscopus) was a Dominican friar, diplomat and archbishop of Soltaniyeh, often mistaken for his namesake, Johannes de Galonifontibus, with whom he shared a post - Bishopric of Nakhchivan.

Johannes de Galonifontibus
Johannes de Galonifontibus (French: Jean de Gillefontaine) was a Dominican friar active in the South Caucasus in March 1377. He was appointed by Gregory XI on 9 March 1377 as Bishop of Nakhchivan. He is often mistaken for Archbishop of Sultaniya, John III of Soltaniyeh who was also a bishop of Nakhchivan because of Anton Kern, who published John III's Libellus de Notitia Orbis and tentatively associated him with his namesake.
Secretary for Social Affairs and Culture
The Secretary for Social Affairs and Culture (Chinese: 社會文化司; Portuguese: Secretariado para os Assuntos Sociais e Cultura) is a department of the Macao Government. The Secretariat is responsible for the education, health, tourism, social affairs and culture issues in the region.

The current department took over the role formerly held by the:

Secretary for Social Affairs and Budget (Portuguese: Secretariado para os Assuntos Sociais e Orçamento)

Secretary for Communications, Tourism and Culture (Portuguese: Secretariado para as Comunicações, Turismo e Cultura)

Secretary for Communications, Tourism and Culture
The Secretary for Communications, Tourism and Culture was bureau secretary in the Portuguese administration in Macau. The Secretary was responsible for communications and promoting the colony of Macau. The department's sections were merged into the Secretariat for Social Affairs and Culture (Macau). Before the transfer of Communications to the Secretariat it was called Secretariat for Tourism and Culture.

The responsibilities for communications was transferred from the old Secretary for Public Works and Communications.
Bertelsen Glacier
Bertelsen Glacier (Danish: Bertelsen Gletscher) is a glacier in northern Greenland. Administratively it belongs to the Northeast Greenland National Park. Between 2006 and 2010 there was an automatic weather station near the glacier.

The glacier was mapped with accuracy by Lauge Koch during an aerial survey in May 1938. It had previously not been seen by Robert Peary during his 1902 exploration of the area that put the adjacent Moore Glacier in the map. The glacier was named in honour of Aage Bertelsen, who had taken part in the 1906–1908 Danmark Expedition.

Moore Glacier
Moore Glacier (Danish: Moore Gletscher) is a glacier in northern Greenland. Administratively it belongs to the Northeast Greenland National Park. Between 2006 and 2010 there was an automatic weather station in the glacier.

The glacier was named by Robert Peary after Mr. Charles Moore, who convinced US President William McKinley to keep supporting Peary's Polar ventures in the face of the United States Department of the Navy opposing further explorations.
Janet Kigusiuq
Janet Kigusiuq (b. 1926 Putuqsuqniq camp, near Garry Lake, then in Northwest Territories now in Nunavut; d. February 27, 2005 Baker Lake, Nunavut) was an Inuk artist.

Kigusiuq came from a large family of artists: she was the eldest daughter of Jessie Oonark, her siblings included artists Victoria Mamnguqsualuk, Nancy Pukingrnak, Peggy Qablunaaq Aittauq, Mary Yuusipik Singaqti, Josiah Nuilaalik, Miriam Marealik Qiyuk, and William Noah, and she was married to Mark Uqayuittuq, son of Luke Anguhadluq, themselves both artists.

Jessie Oonark
Jessie Oonark, OC RCA ( ᔨᐊᓯ ᐅᓈᖅ; 2 March 1906 –  7 March 1985): 5  was a prolific and influential Inuk artist of the Utkuhiksalingmiut Utkuhiksalingmiut whose wall hangings, prints and drawings are in major collections including the National Gallery of Canada.
Nashua River
The Nashua River, 37.5 miles (60.4 km) long, is a tributary of the Merrimack River in Massachusetts and New Hampshire in the United States. It is formed in eastern Worcester County, Massachusetts, at the confluence of the North Nashua River and South Nashua River, and flows generally north-northeast past Groton to join the Merrimack at Nashua, New Hampshire. The Nashua River watershed occupies a major portion of north-central Massachusetts and a much smaller portion of southern New Hampshire.

The North Nashua River rises west of Fitchburg and Westminster. It flows about 30 miles (48 km) generally southeast past Fitchburg, and joins the South Nashua River, shown on USGS topographic maps as the main stem of the Nashua River, about 5 miles (8 km) below its issuance from the Wachusett Reservoir.

Merrimack River
The Merrimack River (or Merrimac River, an occasional earlier spelling) is a 117-mile-long (188 km) river in the northeastern United States. It rises at the confluence of the Pemigewasset and Winnipesaukee rivers in Franklin, New Hampshire, flows southward into Massachusetts, and then flows northeast until it empties into the Gulf of Maine at Newburyport. From Pawtucket Falls in Lowell, Massachusetts, onward, the Massachusetts–New Hampshire border is roughly calculated as the line three miles north of the river.

The Merrimack is an important regional focus in both New Hampshire and Massachusetts. The central-southern part of New Hampshire and most of northeast Massachusetts is known as the Merrimack Valley.

Several U.S. naval ships have been named USS Merrimack and USS Merrimac in honor of this river. The river is also known for the early American literary classic A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers by Henry David Thoreau.
Ischial tuberosity
The ischial tuberosity (or tuberosity of the ischium, tuber ischiadicum), also known colloquially as the sit bones or sitz bones, or as a pair the sitting bones, is a large posterior bony protuberance on the superior ramus of the ischium. It marks the lateral boundary of the pelvic outlet.

When sitting, the weight is frequently placed upon the ischial tuberosity.  The gluteus maximus provides cover in the upright posture, but leaves it free in the seated position. The distance between a cyclist's ischial tuberosities is one of the factors in the choice of a bicycle saddle.

Ischium
The ischium (/ˈɪski.əm/; pl.: ischia) is a paired bone forming the lower and back part of the hip bone.

Situated below the ilium and behind the pubis, it is one of three regions whose fusion creates the coxal bone. The superior portion of this region forms approximately one-third of the acetabulum.
Lyaskovets Peak
Lyaskovets Peak (Bulgarian: връх Лясковец, romanized: vrah Lyaskovets, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ˈʎaskovɛt͡s]) is the easternmost peak of Friesland Ridge in the Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island and has an elevation of 1,473 m. The peak is bounded by Catalunyan Saddle on the west and Shipka Saddle on the east, and is heavily glaciated and crevassed, with precipitous western, southern and eastern slopes. It surmounts Huron Glacier to the northwest and northeast, and Macy Glacier and Brunow Bay area to the south.  Its northern offshoot forms Zograf Peak, and is linked to Lozen Nunatak, Erma Knoll and Aheloy Nunatak in Huron Glacier.

The peak is named after Lyaskovets, a town in central northern Bulgaria.

Zograf Peak
Zograf Peak (Greek: κορυφή Ζωγράφου, romanized: koryfi Zografou, Bulgarian: връх Зограф, romanized: vrah Zograf, IPA: [ˈvrɤɣ zoˈɡraf]) rises to 1,010 m (3,310 ft) at the northeast extremity of Friesland Ridge in Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  The peak is heavily glaciated and crevassed, with precipitous and partly ice-free northern slopes. The peak surmounts Huron Glacier to the north and Shipka Valley to the east, and is accessible via the saddle of elevation 975 m linking it to the north rib of Lyaskovets Peak.  The peak is linked to the northeast by Lozen Saddle to Lozen Nunatak, Erma Knoll and Aheloy Nunatak.

The peak is named after the Bulgarian Zograf Monastery on Mount Athos.

First ascent by Lyubomir Ivanov from Camp Academia on 31 December 2004.
Clan Maclean
Clan Maclean (/mækˈleɪn/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Clann 'IllEathain [kʰl̪ˠãn̪ˠ iˈʎɛhɛɲ]) is a Highlands Scottish clan. They are one of the oldest clans in the Highlands and owned large tracts of land in Argyll as well as the Inner Hebrides. Many early Macleans became famous for their honour, strength and courage in battle. They were involved in clan skirmishes with the Mackinnons, Camerons, MacDonalds and Campbells, as well as all of the Jacobite risings.

Clan Campbell
Clan Campbell (Scottish Gaelic: Na Caimbeulaich [na ˈkʰaimbəl̪ˠɪç]) is a Highland Scottish clan, historically one of the largest and most powerful of the Highland clans. The Clan Campbell lands are in Argyll and within their lands lies Ben Cruachan. The chief of the clan became Earl of Argyll and later Duke of Argyll.
Anthonie de Lorme
Anthonie de Lorme (Tournai 1610 or between 1600 and 1605 – Rotterdam, 1673) was a painter known for his depictions of interiors of existing or imaginary churches. Born in the Spanish Netherlands, he spent his entire career in the Dutch Republic. He regularly collaborated with Anthonie Palamedesz. and Ludolf de Jongh who painted the staffage in his interior scenes.

Anthonie Palamedesz.
Anthonie Palamedesz., also Antonie Palamedesz, birth name Antonius Stevens (1602 in Leith, Scotland – 27 November 1673 in Amsterdam), was a Dutch portrait and genre painter.  He is in particular known for his merry company paintings depicting elegant figures engaged in play, music and conversation as well as guardroom scenes showing soldiers in guardrooms.  Like many Dutch painters of his time, he painted portraits and still lifes, including vanitas still lifes. He further painted the staffage in a few views of the interior of churches.  He played a major role in the development of genre painting in Delft in the mid 17th century.
Pspell
Pspell (Portable Spell Checker Interface Library) is a program meant to provide a generic interface to the system spelling checking libraries. It was, and sometimes still is, used in computer programming such as C, and is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License.

Pspell has not been updated since 2001, but is still available on SourceForge at its project page. It has been replaced by GNU Aspell. PHP’s Pspell extension, while retaining its current name, now uses the Aspell library.

GNU Aspell
GNU Aspell, usually called just Aspell, is a free software spell checker designed to replace Ispell. It is the standard spell checker for the GNU operating system. It also compiles for other Unix-like operating systems and Windows. The main program is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (GNU LGPL), the documentation under the GNU Free Documentation License (GNU FDL). Dictionaries for it are available for about 70 languages. The primary maintainer is Kevin Atkinson.
Marvin Miller (actor)
Marvin Elliott Miller (born  Marvin Mueller; July 18, 1913 – February 8, 1985) was an American actor. Possessing a deep baritone voice, he began his career in radio in St. Louis, Missouri, before becoming a Hollywood actor. He is remembered for voicing Robby the Robot in the science fiction film Forbidden Planet (1956), a role he reprised in the lesser-known The Invisible Boy (1957).

Miller's next most notable role is that of Michael Anthony, the loyal assistant of Paul Frees' generous millionaire John Beresford Tipton Jr., on the TV series The Millionaire (1955–1960).

Paul Frees
Solomon Hersh Frees (June 22, 1920 – November 2, 1986), better known as Paul Frees, was an American actor, comedian, impressionist, and vaudevillian. He is known for his work on Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Walter Lantz, Rankin/Bass and Walt Disney theatrical cartoons during the Golden Age of Animation, and for providing the voice of Boris Badenov in The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show. Frees was sometimes known as "The Man of a Thousand Voices", an appellation more commonly bestowed on Mel Blanc.