hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pasteurellosis
Pasteurellosis is an infection with a species of the bacterial genus Pasteurella, which is found in humans and other animals.

Pasteurella multocida (subspecies P. m. septica and  P. m. multocida) is carried in the mouth and respiratory tract of various animals, including pigs. It is a small, Gram-negative bacillus with bipolar staining by Wayson stain. In animals, it can originate in fulminant septicaemia (chicken cholera), but is also a common commensal.

Until taxonomic revision in 1999, Mannheimia spp. were classified as Pasteurella spp., and infections by organisms now called Mannheimia spp., as well as by organisms now called Pasteurella spp., were designated as pasteurellosis.  The term "pasteurellosis" is often still applied to mannheimiosis, although such usage has declined.

Fowl cholera
Fowl cholera is also called avian cholera, avian pasteurellosis and avian hemorrhagic septicemia.

It is the most common pasteurellosis of poultry.  As the causative agent is Pasteurella multocida, it is considered to be a zoonosis.

Adult birds and old chickens are more susceptible.  In parental flocks, cocks are far more susceptible than hens.

Besides chickens, the disease also concerns turkeys, ducks, geese, raptors, and canaries. Turkeys are particularly sensitive, with mortality ranging to 65%.

The recognition of this pathological condition is of ever increasing importance for differential diagnosis with avian influenza.
Missense mutation
In genetics, a missense mutation is a point mutation in which a single nucleotide change results in a codon that codes for a different amino acid. It is a type of nonsynonymous substitution. Missense mutations change amino acids, which in turn alter proteins and may alter a protein's function or structure. These mutations may arise spontaneously from mutagens like UV radiation, tobacco smoke, an error in DNA replication, and other factors. Screening for missense mutations can be done by sequencing the genome of an organism and comparing the sequence to a reference genome to analyze for differences. Missense mutations can be repaired by the cell when there are errors in DNA replication by using mechanisms such as DNA proofreading and mismatch repair. They can also be repaired by using genetic engineering technologies or pharmaceuticals. Some notable examples of human diseases caused by missense mutations are Rett syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and sickle-cell disease.

Point mutation
A point mutation is a genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted or deleted from a DNA or RNA sequence of an organism's genome. Point mutations have a variety of effects on the downstream protein product—consequences that are moderately predictable based upon the specifics of the mutation. These consequences can range from no effect (e.g. synonymous mutations) to deleterious effects (e.g. frameshift mutations), with regard to protein production, composition, and function.
Shy albatross
The shy albatross (Thalassarche cauta), also known as the shy mollymawk, is a medium-sized albatross that breeds on three remote islands off the coast of Tasmania, Australia, in the southern Indian Ocean. Its lifespan is about 60 years, and it has been seen as far afield as South Africa and the Pacific coast of the United States. As of June 2020, the species is listed as "Endangered" in Australia; there are thought to be 15,000 pairs of shy albatross left. It is Australia's only endemic albatross.

Some authorities call this species the white-capped albatross, but that name is more commonly applied to Thalassarche cauta steadi.

White-capped albatross
The white-capped albatross (Thalassarche cauta steadi) is a mollymawk that breeds on the islands off of New Zealand. Not all experts agree that this form should be recognized as a separate species from the shy albatross, Thalassarche cauta. It is a medium-sized black, slate gray, and white albatross and is the largest of the mollymawks.
Banyumas Regency
Banyumas (Javanese: ꦧꦚꦸꦩꦱ꧀, formerly spelled "Banjoemas") Regency is an inland regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) in the southwestern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. Its capital is the town of Purwokerto, but that town no longer has a central administration and is split over four of the districts within the Regency, with a combined area of 41.65 km2 and a population of 236,162 as of mid-2024. The Regency covers an area of 1,391.15 km2, and had a population of 1,554,527 at the 2010 Census and 1,776,918 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate of the population as of mid-2024 was 1,847,097 (comprising 928,905 males and 918,192 females).

The term Banyumasan is also used as an adjective referring to the culture, language, and peoples of the wider Banyumas area, equivalent to the pre-independence Banyumas Residency. The language of Banyumasan is of Austronesian origin and is usually considered to be a dialect of Javanese.

Purwokerto
Purwokerto (Javanese: ꦥꦸꦂꦮꦏꦼꦂꦠ, romanized: Purwåkertå) is a large but non-autonomous town on the island of Java, Indonesia. It is the coordinating centre of local government (Bakorwil 3) and the largest city in southwestern Central Java (known as the Barlingmascakeb region). Currently, Purwokerto is the capital of Banyumas Regency, Central Java province. The population of the four districts which comprise the town at the 2010 census was 233,951 and 229,271 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid-2024 was 236,162. The built-up area of Purwokerto extends beyond these four administrative districts into parts of surrounding districts, and has a metropolitan area population of 416,964 at the 1990 Census.
Nikita Miller
Nikita O'Brien Miller (born 16 May 1982) is a West Indian cricketer who plays international cricket for the West Indies and domestic cricket for Jamaica. He is a slow left-arm orthodox bowler and lower-order batsman. He was the leading wicket taker in the 2007–08 Carib Beer Challenge and in June 2008 he won his first One Day International cap with the West Indies. The following year he made his Test debut for a weakened West Indies team during a contract dispute.

As of June 2013, Miller boasted the lowest First Class bowling average (15.51) of any active player in world cricket. Despite this, he has been overlooked for West Indies selection in favour of other spinners Devendra Bishoo (FC Ave: 29.77), Sulieman Benn (27.58) and Veerasammy Permaul (24.36).

Sulieman Benn
Sulieman Jamaal Benn (born 22 July 1981 in Saint James, Barbados) is a Barbadian former cricketer who played international cricket for the West Indies and first-class cricket for Barbados. Benn was a member of the West Indies team that won the 2016 T20 World Cup.

Benn debuted in 1999/00, as a left-arm orthodox spin bowler. He is also a fairly useful left-handed batsman with a first-class average of 17.48. Since his debut season, Benn has had to fight hard for a place in a Barbados team containing four West Indian international fast bowlers.
Abduttayyeb Zakiuddin II
Syedna Abduttayyeb Zakiuddin II (died on 12 Zil Qa'dah 1103 AH/1692 AD, Jamnagar, India) was the 35th Da'i al-Mutlaq of the Dawoodi Bohras. He succeeded the 34th Dai Syedna Ismail Badruddin I to the religious post. Syedna Zakiuddin became Da'i al-Mutlaq in 1085 AH/1676 AD. His period of Dawat was 1085–1103 AH/1676–1692 AD. He is a descendant of Moulaya Bharmal.

Ismail Badruddin I
Syedna Ismail Badruddin (I) Bin Maulaya Raj (died on 23rd Jumada al-Akhirah 1085 AH/1676 AD, Jamnagar, India) was the 34th Da'i al-Mutlaq of the Dawoodi Bohras. He succeeded the 33rd Da'i Feer Khan Shujauddin to the religious post. Syedna Ismail became Da'i al-Mutlaq in 1085AH/1657AD. His period of Dawat was 1065–1085 AH/1657–1676 AD. He is the first Da'i descendant of Moulaya Bharmal.
Prokaryotic large ribosomal subunit
50S is the larger subunit of the 70S ribosome of prokaryotes, i.e. bacteria and archaea. It is the site of inhibition for antibiotics such as macrolides, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and the pleuromutilins. It includes the 5S ribosomal RNA and 23S ribosomal RNA.

Despite having the same sedimentation rate, bacterial and archaeal ribosomes can be quite different.

Ribosome
A ribosome (/ˈraɪbəzoʊm, -soʊm/) is a ribonucleoprotein particle found in all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, responsible for the synthesis of proteins. A ribosome functions as a molecular machine in the translation of strands of messenger RNA (mRNA) and production of a protein. A ribosome links amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of mRNA molecules to form polypeptide chains. A ribosome is made up of a large and a small subunit, each consisting of one or more ribosomal RNA molecules and many ribosomal proteins. The ribosomes and associated molecules are also known as the translational apparatus.

Ribosome biogenesis is the process of making ribosomes. This is an energy-consuming, dynamic process, requiring the synthesis of around 200 proteins in the processing of ribosomal RNAs and assembling them with ribosomal proteins to make the ribosomes subunits.
Abell 400
Abell 400 is a galaxy cluster which contains the galaxy NGC 1128 with two supermassive black holes (3C 75) spiraling towards merger.

These two supermassive black holes are contained in NGC 1128. The galaxy, microwave radio jets, multi-million degree X-ray producing gas and resultant radio source is known as 3C 75. X-ray source 2A 0252+060 (1H 0253+058, XRS 02522+060) may be some additional or other portion of Abell 400.

The black holes are an estimated 25,000 light years apart, and thus will take millions of years to collide. Should the two supermassive black holes merge, they will form a single super-supermassive black hole.

NGC 1128
NGC 1128 is a dumbbell galaxy in the Abell 400 galaxy cluster. At the center of the galaxy is 3C 75, a radio source, and contains two orbiting supermassive black holes that may be merging. Computer simulations indicate that these two black holes will gradually spiral in toward each other until they merge. Lewis Swift is credited with the discovery of NGC 1128 in 1886.
Chico Landi
Francisco Sacco Landi (July 14, 1907 – June 7, 1989), better known as Chico, was a racing driver from São Paulo, Brazil.  He participated in six Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on September 16, 1951. He scored a total of 1.5 championship points, awarded for his fourth-place finish in the 1956 Argentine Grand Prix, a drive he shared with Gerino Gerini. He was the first Brazilian ever to take part in a Formula One Grand Prix, and also the first to score points.

Gerino Gerini
Gerino Gerini (10 August 1928 – 17 April 2013) was a racing driver from Italy.

A native of Rome, Gerini participated in seven World Championship Formula One Grands Prix, debuting on 22 January 1956.  He scored 1.5 championship points. He also participated in numerous non-Championship Formula One races, as well as sports cars in both Ferraris and Maseratis.
Sindeok of Silla
Sindeok (died 917), personal name Pak Kyŏng-hwi, was the 53rd ruler of the Korean kingdom of Silla. He was born to the Pak clan, and was the son of Daeachan Pak Ye-gyŏm. He was chosen to succeed the childless King Hyogong, because he was a descendant of King Adalla (d. 184, the last Pak to sit on the Silla throne) and was also a son-in-law of King Heongang.

Reigning during the Later Three Kingdoms period, Sindeok was faced with constant attacks by the new kingdoms of Taebong and Later Baekje in the west.

Upon his death in 917, King Sindeok was buried near Juk Castle in Gyeongju.

Heongang of Silla
Heongang (c.861–886), personal name Kim Chŏng, was the 49th to rule the Koreanic kingdom Silla.

According to the Samguk sagi, he excelled at civil affairs.  Heongang was the eldest son of King Gyeongmun; his mother was Queen Munui.  He had no legitimate heir, but did leave a son (later King Hyogong) by Lady Uimyeong.

In 879, Heongang was faced with the rebellion of a high official, his Ilgilchan Sin Hong. He is best remembered for the legends associated with him in the Samguk yusa, which claimed that a dancing dragon appeared before him and rewarded the king when he built a temple to pay homage to the dragon god.  In 886, he sought to defuse domestic discontent with a decree of general forgiveness.

Heongang was buried to the northeast of Borisa temple in Gyeongju.
George Zimmerman
George Michael Zimmerman (born October 5, 1983) is an American man who fatally shot Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African-American, in Sanford, Florida, on February 26, 2012. On July 13, 2013, he was acquitted of second-degree murder in Florida v. George Zimmerman. After his acquittal, Zimmerman was the target of a shooting stemming from a road rage incident, the perpetrator of which was convicted of attempted murder.

After the shooting, Zimmerman continued to generate controversy, such as painting the Confederate flag, mockingly posting images of Martin's body, selling the gun he used to kill Martin, and a number of other statements described as racist and Islamophobic.

Trial of George Zimmerman
State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the killing of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.

On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of Trayvon Martin, a black teenager.  In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes. Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement. Zimmerman was injured during the encounter and said he shot Martin in self-defense.

After 16 hours of deliberations over the course of two days, on July 13, 2013, a six-person jury rendered a not guilty verdict on both charges (including manslaughter).
Yolandi Visser
Anri du Toit (born 3 March 1984), known professionally as Yolandi Visser (stylised as ¥o-Landi Vi$$er), is a South African singer, rapper, and songwriter. She is one of two vocalists in the alternative hip hop group Die Antwoord, along with Watkin Tudor Jones.

Visser appeared in the 2015 Neill Blomkamp film Chappie.

Neill Blomkamp
Neill Blomkamp (Afrikaans: [ˈnil ˈblɔmkamp]; born 16 May 1979) is a South African-born Canadian film director and screenwriter. He is best known as the co-writer and director of the science fiction action film District 9 (2009), for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. He also directed the dystopian science fiction action film Elysium (2013), the science fiction action film Chappie (2015), and the sports drama film Gran Turismo (2023). He is known for his collaborations with actor Sharlto Copley, who played the lead in District 9.
Socket AM2+
Socket AM2+ is a CPU socket, which is the immediate successor to Socket AM2 that is used by several AMD processors such as Athlon 64 X2. Socket AM2+ is a mid-migration from Socket AM2 to Socket AM3 and both AM2+ and AM2 socket CPUs and motherboards have the potential to operate together. Actual interoperability depends upon other factors, especially the availability of compatible BIOS firmware, and some PC manufacturers, such as Dell, have not provided compatible BIOS versions that allow use of socket AM2+ CPUs on their products utilizing socket AM2 motherboards, such as the Inspiron 531. It was released in November 2007.

Socket AM3
Socket AM3 is a CPU socket for AMD processors. AM3 was launched on February 9, 2009 as the successor to Socket AM2+, alongside the initial grouping of Phenom II processors designed for it. The sole principal change from AM2+ to AM3 is support for DDR3 SDRAM. The fastest CPU for socket AM3 is the Phenom II X6 1100T.

Like the previous AMD socket, the "AM3 Processor Functional Data Sheet" (AMD document number 40778) has not been made publicly available.  The "Family 10h AMD Phenom™ Processor Product Data Sheet" (document 446878) has, but contains only a brief list of features of the Phenom, and does not contain any substantive technical data regarding socket AM3.
Qt Group
Free and open-source software portal

Qt Group Plc (Qt is pronounced "cute") is a software company headquartered in Espoo, Finland. It was formed following the acquisition of Qt by Digia, but was later spun off into a separate, publicly traded company.

The company oversees the development of the Qt framework alongside the Qt Project, and provides tools for UI design, software development, quality assurance and testing, as well as expert consulting services.

Qt (software)
Qt (/ˈkjuːt/ pronounced "cute") is a cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as cross-platform applications that run on various software and hardware platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, Android or embedded systems with little or no change in the underlying codebase while still being a native application with native capabilities and speed.

Qt is currently being developed by The Qt Company, a publicly listed company, and the Qt Project under open-source governance, involving individual developers and organizations working to advance Qt. Qt is available under both commercial licenses and open-source GPL 2.0, GPL 3.0, and LGPL 3.0 licenses.
Ross University School of Medicine
Ross University School of Medicine (RUSM) is a private, for-profit medical school. Its main campus is in Barbados, and its administrative offices are in Miramar, Florida. Until 2019, the university's main campus was in Portsmouth, Dominica. RUSM is owned by Adtalem Global Education Inc.

Adtalem Global Education
Adtalem Global Education Inc. is a US corporation based in Chicago, Illinois, that operates for-profit higher education institutions, including American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Chamberlain University, Ross University School of Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, and Walden University.

Before June 2018, the corporation was known as DeVry Inc. and DeVry Education Group Inc. Following a $100 million settlement with the FTC in 2016 regarding deceptive advertising, DeVry Education Group rebranded as Adtalem Global Education in 2017. Adtalem began the process to sell off DeVry University and Keller Graduate School of Management later that year to focus on healthcare professional education.
Pronnoi
Pronnoi (Ancient Greek: Πρόννοι), also known as Pronesus or Pronesos (Πρωνῆσος), was one of the four towns of Cephallenia, situated upon the southeastern coast. Together with the other towns of Cephallenia it joined the Athenian alliance in 431 BCE. It is described by Polybius as a small fortress; but it was so difficult to besiege that Philip V of Macedon did not venture to attack it, but sailed against Pale. Livy, in his account of the surrender of Cephallenia to the Romans in 189 BCE, speaks of the Nesiotae, Cranii, Palenses, and Samaei. Now as we know that Pronnoi was one of the four towns of Cephallenia, it is probable that Nesiotae is a false reading for Pronesiotae, which would be the ethnic form of Pronesus, the name of the town in Strabo. Pronnoi or Pronesus was one of the three towns which continued to exist in the island after the destruction of Same.

Its site is located near Poros, Cephalonia.

Same (polis)
Same (Ancient Greek: Σάμη) was a Greek city in ancient Cephalonia, one of the four city-states which composed the Cephalonian Tetrapolis.

Same had strong fortification, of length 3.4 kilometers and a good natural harbor with a harbor mole for protection from the north wind and wave action of the Ithaca strait. The walls date chronologically to the period from the end of the 4th century BC until the end of the 3rd century BC.

During the Roman campaign against the Aetolians and their allies, the Roman consul Marcus Fulvius Nobilior captured the island of Cephallenia in 189 BC. Same was the only city that offered significant resistance. After a four-month siege, the Romans stormed and took the city.
Gunungsin
The Gunungsin (Korean: 군웅신; Hanja: 群雄神; 軍雄神) are deities of war in Korean religion. Their origin is shown in the Gunung Bonpuri and are not to be confused with the Janggunsin — historical generals (such as Ch'oe Yŏng or Kim Yu-sin) who were deified after death. Gunungsin are true gods.

Gunung Bonpuri
The Gunung Bonpuri (Korean: 군웅 본풀이), literally Chronicle of the War Gods, is a Korean myth about the Gunungsin, the deities of war. It shares a large resemblance to the Jakjaegeon myth of the 9th century.
Bellevue, Edinburgh
Bellevue (/ˈbɛlvjuː/ BEL-vew) is a district of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It lies to the south east of Canonmills, west of Leith Walk and south of Leith, incorporating the easternmost extent of Edinburgh's New Town UNESCO heritage site. The area was formerly open fields which became the second and penultimate location of the Royal Botanic Garden in 1763
.

Canonmills
Canonmills is a district of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It lies to the south east of the Royal Botanic Garden at Inverleith, east of Stockbridge and west of Bellevue, in a low hollow north of Edinburgh's New Town. The area was formerly a loch which was drained in three phases in the 18th and 19th centuries, disappearing finally in 1865.
Linux on IBM Z
Linux on IBM Z, Linux on zSystems, or zLinux is the collective term for the Linux operating system compiled to run on IBM mainframes, especially IBM Z, zSystems, and LinuxONE servers. Similar terms which imply the same meaning are Linux/390, Linux/390x, etc. The three Linux distributions certified for usage on the IBM Z hardware platform are Red Hat Enterprise Linux, SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, and Ubuntu.

SUSE Linux Enterprise
SUSE Linux Enterprise (SLE) is a Linux-based operating system developed by SUSE. It is available in two editions, suffixed with Server (SLES) for servers and mainframes, and Desktop (SLED) for workstations and desktop computers.

Its major versions are released at an interval of three–four years, while minor versions (called "Service Packs" until SLE 15 or "Minor Release" starting with SLE 16) are released about every 12 months. SUSE Linux Enterprise products receive more intense testing than the upstream openSUSE community product, with the intention that only mature, stable versions of the included components will make it through to the released enterprise product. It is developed from a common code base with other SUSE Linux Enterprise products.

IBM's Watson was built on IBM's POWER7 systems using SLES. Hewlett Packard Enterprise's Frontier, world's first and fastest exascale supercomputer runs on SUSE's SLES 15 (HPE Cray OS).
Bonn-Mehlem station
Bonn-Mehlem station is a through station in the Bonn district of Lannesdorf in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It has three platform tracks and is located on the Left Rhine line south of Bonn Hauptbahnhof. The station also is served by buses and has parking spaces. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station.

Bonn Hauptbahnhof
Bonn Hauptbahnhof (Bonn Central Station) is a railway station located on the left bank of the Rhine along the Cologne–Mainz line. It  is the principal station serving the city of Bonn. In addition to extensive rail service from Deutsche Bahn it acts as a hub for local bus, tram, and Stadtbahn services.