hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2010 Moldovan constitutional referendum
A nationwide referendum was held in Moldova on 5 September 2010 on whether or not the country should amend the Constitution of Moldova to return to direct popular election of the president. Since 2001, the president had been indirectly elected by Parliament, with a supermajority of 61 seats (three-fifths of the membership) required for election. The voters are asked to answer the following question: "Would you agree with the Constitutional amendment, which would allow the election of the President of the Republic of Moldova by the entire population?" Voters chose one of the proposed options: "Yes (for)" or "No (against)". Of those who had cast their vote, 87.83% chose "Yes". However, the referendum did not pass because only 30.29% of voters turned out, short of the necessary 33% for the referendum to be considered valid.

Alliance for European Integration
The Alliance for European Integration (Romanian: Alianța pentru Integrare Europeană) was a centre-right, anti-communist coalition that governed Moldova from the July 2009 election until it lost to a no confidence vote in the Parliament on February 13, 2013. It was succeeded by the anti-communist Pro-European Coalition.
BMPR2
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II or BMPR2 is a serine/threonine receptor kinase encoded by the BMPR2 gene. It binds bone morphogenetic proteins, members of the TGF beta superfamily of ligands, which are involved in paracrine signaling. BMPs are involved in a host of cellular functions including osteogenesis, cell growth and cell differentiation. Signaling in the BMP pathway begins with the binding of a BMP to the type II receptor. This causes the recruitment of a BMP type I receptor, which the type II receptor phosphorylates. The type I receptor phosphorylates an R-SMAD, a transcriptional regulator.

TGF beta signaling pathway
The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling pathway is involved in many cellular processes in both the adult organism and the developing embryo including cell growth, cell differentiation, cell migration, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis and other cellular functions. The pathway is also involved in multiple physiological processes such as regulation of the immune system, the vascular system and embryonic development. The TGFβ signaling pathways are conserved.  In spite of the wide range of cellular processes that the TGFβ signaling pathway regulates, the process is relatively simple. TGFβ superfamily ligands bind to a type II receptor, which recruits and phosphorylates a type I receptor. The type I receptor then phosphorylates receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs) which can now bind the coSMAD SMAD4. R-SMAD/coSMAD complexes accumulate in the nucleus where they act as transcription factors and participate in the regulation of target gene expression.
Berossus
Berossus (/bəˈrɒsəs/) or Berosus (/bəˈroʊsəs/;  Ancient Greek: Βηρωσσός, romanized: Bērōssos; possibly derived from Late Babylonian Akkadian: 𒁹𒀭𒂗𒉺𒇻𒋙𒉡, romanized: Bēl-reʾû-šunu, lit. 'Bel is his shepherd') was an early-3rd-century BCE Hellenistic-era Babylonian writer, priest of  Bel Marduk, and astronomer who wrote in the Koine Greek language.

His original works, including the Babyloniaca (Ancient Greek: Βαβυλωνιακά), are lost, but fragments survive in some quotations, largely in the writings of the fourth-century CE early Christian writer  Eusebius.

Berossus has recently been identified with Bēl-reʾû-šunu, a high priest of the Esagila Temple in the city of Babylon, as mentioned in a document from 258 BCE.

Literary fragment
A literary fragment is a piece of text that may be part of a larger work, or that employs a 'fragmentary' form characterised by physical features such as short paragraphs or sentences separated by white space, and thematic features such as discontinuity, ambivalence, ambiguity, or lack of a traditional narrative structure.

While it is difficult to classify literary fragments, a number of critics agree on a basic taxonomy of two types of fragment: those who intentionally use fragmentation as a form in their writing, and those that are fragmented because they are incomplete or because parts have been lost over time.

As a form, the literary fragment has been employed during the Romantic, Modernist, Postmodern and Contemporary literary periods as a way to reckon with the challenges of modernity.
Dmitry Bandura
Dmitry Bandura is a Soviet-born Canadian scientist, notable for being one of the co-inventors of the Mass cytometry technology.  Bandura co-founded DVS Sciences in 2004 (acquired by Fluidigm in 2014 and then renamed to Standard BioTools in 2022) along with Drs Vladimir Baranov, Scott D. Tanner, and Olga Ornatsky.

Olga Ornatsky
Olga Ornatsky is a Soviet born, Canadian scientist. Ornatsky co-founded DVS Sciences in 2004 (acquired by Fluidigm in 2014 and then renamed to Standard BioTools in 2022) along with Dmitry Bandura, Vladimir Baranov and Scott D. Tanner.
Jeanne Vertefeuille
Jeanne Ruth Vertefeuille (December 23, 1932 – December 29, 2012) was a CIA officer who participated in a small team that investigated and uncovered the actions of Aldrich Ames, a notorious Cold War spy.

Sandra Grimes
Sandra Joyce Grimes (August 10, 1945 – July 25, 2025) was an American intelligence agent. A CIA officer, she participated in a small team that investigated and uncovered the actions of Aldrich Ames, a United States counterintelligence officer who was subsequently convicted of spying for the Soviet Union.
Vandu language
Vandu or Red Gelao is an endangered Gelao language spoken in two villages of Ha Giang Province, Vietnam. 1-2 speakers have also been located across the border in Malipo County, Yunnan, China.

Samarina (2011), which includes lengthy word lists and audio recordings, is the most detailed linguistic description to date.

Hà Giang province
Hà Giang (Vietnamese pronunciation: [haː2 zaːŋ1], listenⓘ) was a province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. It was located in the far north of the country, and contains Vietnam's northernmost point. It shared a 270 km long border with Yunnan province of southern China, and thus was known as Vietnam's final frontier.  It covered an area of 7,927.55 km2 (3,060.84 mi2), comprising 1 city and 10 rural districts, with a population of 899,900 in 2023.

The provincial capital, also called Hà Giang, was connected by Highway 2 and is 320 km away from Hanoi. The border crossing was at Thanh Thủy, 25 km from the provincial capital. It was one of the poorest provinces of Vietnam as it had mountainous topography with the least potential for agricultural development.

In addition to Thanh Thủy, there were three smaller gates, namely the Phó Bảng, Xín Mần and Săm Pun.

On 12 June 2025, Hà Giang province was incorporated into Tuyên Quang province.
Telstar (instrumental)
"Telstar" is a 1962 instrumental by the English band the Tornados, written and produced by Joe Meek. It reached number one on the UK Singles Chart and the US Billboard Hot 100 in December 1962 (the second British recording to reach number one on that chart in the year, after "Stranger on the Shore" in May). It was the second instrumental single to hit number one in 1962 on both the US and UK weekly charts.

Later in 1962, Meek produced a vocal version, "Magic Star", sung by Kenny Hollywood. It was released as a single by Decca Records (cat. nr F11546), with "The Wonderful Story of Love" on the B-side, written by Geoff Goddard. The musical director for both songs was Ivor Raymonde.

The Tornados
The Tornados are an English instrumental rock group of the 1960s that acted as backing group for many of record producer Joe Meek's productions and also for singer Billy Fury. They enjoyed several chart hits in their own right, including the UK and US no. 1 "Telstar" (named after the satellite and composed and produced by Meek), the first US no. 1 single by a British group.
Rescue of Ori Megidish
The rescue of Ori Megidish was an Israel Defense Forces military operation (Hebrew: מבצע ראשית האור, Mivtza Reshit ha'Or, lit. Operation "Beginning of the Light") on 30 October 2023 during the Gaza war that led to the rescue of Israeli soldier Ori Magidish from Hamas imprisonment in Gaza to Israel. Megidish was rescued in a joint operation between the IDF and the Israeli Shin Bet, based on specific intelligence of her whereabouts. Two Hamas militants were killed during the operation.

Megidish's rescue was the first successful rescue operation by Israel in about two decades, and the first of the Gaza war.

2024 Rafah hostage raid
The 2024 Rafah hostage raid, dubbed Operation Golden Hand (Hebrew: מבצע יד זהב) by the Israel Defense Forces, was a military raid and hostage rescue operation conducted in cooperation with the Shin Bet and Yamam (Israel's National Counter-Terror Unit, part of the Israeli Police) to recover two Israeli civilians kidnapped during the Nir Yitzhak attack on 7 October 2023. The operation commenced on February 12, 2024, at 1:49 AM during combat in the Gaza Strip during the Gaza war, and ended successfully with the rescue of the hostages, along with a soldier who was lightly injured during the operation. At least 74 Palestinians were killed by Israel in the early morning airstrikes used as cover for the operation, though other estimates produced numbers closer to 100.
Borate mineral
The Borate Minerals are minerals which contain a borate anion group. The borate (BO3) units may be polymerised similar to the SiO4 unit of the silicate mineral class. This results in B2O5, B3O6, B2O4 anions as well as more complex structures which include hydroxide or halogen anions. The [B(O,OH)4]− anion exists as well.

Many borate minerals, such as borax, colemanite, and ulexite, are salts: soft, readily soluble, and found in evaporite contexts. However, some, such as boracite, are hard and resistant to weathering, more similar to the silicates.

There are over 100 different borate minerals. Borate minerals include:

Kernite Na2B4O6(OH)2·3H2O

Borax Na2B4O5(OH)4·8H2O

Ulexite NaCaB5O6(OH)6·5H2O

Colemanite CaB3O4(OH)3·H2O

Boracite Mg3B7O13Cl

Painite CaZrAl9O15(BO3)

Painite
Painite is a rare borate mineral. It was first found in Myanmar (Burma) by British mineralogist and gem dealer Arthur C.D. Pain who misidentified it as ruby, until it was discovered as a new gemstone in the 1950s. When it was confirmed as a new mineral species, the mineral was named after him.

The chemical makeup of painite contains calcium, zirconium, boron, aluminium, and oxygen (CaZrAl9O15(BO3)). The mineral also contains trace amounts of chromium and vanadium, which are responsible for Painite's typically orange-red to brownish-red color, similar to topaz. The mineral's rarity is due to zirconium and boron rarely interacting with each other in nature. The crystals are naturally hexagonal, but may also be euhedral or orthorhombic. They also may have no crystalline structure, but usually are accompanied by a crystalline structure. Until late 2004, only two had been cut into faceted gemstones.
Quentin Dupieux
Quentin Dupieux (French: [kɑ̃tɛ̃ dypjø]; born 14 April 1974), also known by his musical stage name Mr. Oizo (French: [wazo]), is a French electronic musician, record producer, songwriter, and filmmaker.

Dupieux is credited with his legal name for his films, while the stage name  "Mr. Oizo" is used for his musical works.

Dupieux has directed numerous films including Rubber (2010), Wrong (2012), Wrong Cops (2013), and Reality (2014). After initially producing his films in the United States, he began making films in France in 2018. Since then, he has released Keep an Eye Out! (2018), Deerskin (2019), Mandibles (2020), Incredible but True (2022), Smoking Causes Coughing (2022), Yannick (2023) and Daaaaaalí! (2023) which have been primarily filmed and produced in France.

Under the pseudonym Mr. Oizo, he is best known for his 1999 single "Flat Beat". His pseudonym is a corruption of the French oiseau, meaning "bird". He is signed to F Communications, Ed Banger Records and Brainfeeder.

Keep an Eye Out
Keep an Eye Out! (French: Au poste!) is a 2018 French surreal black comedy film written and directed by Quentin Dupieux. It stars Benoît Poelvoorde and Grégoire Ludig, alongside Marc Fraize, Anaïs Demoustier, Philippe Duquesne and Orelsan, in a story that involves a commissaire de police and a suspect in an interrogation room. This is Dupieux's first film shot in France. The film's French title literally means "To the police station!".

The film was released on 4 July 2018 in French theatres by Diaphana Distribution and on 5 March 2021 in U.S theatres by Dekanalog. It received positive reviews from critics.
Gas board
The area gas boards were created under the provisions of the Gas Act 1948 enacted by Clement Attlee's post-war Labour government. The act nationalised the British gas industry and also created the Gas Council.

Gas Council
The Gas Council was a UK government body that provided strategic oversight of the gas industry in England, Wales and Scotland between 1949 and 1972.

The British gas industry was nationalised under the provisions of the Gas Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 67) which established the Gas Council with effect from 1 May 1949. The council acted as channel of communication between the Minister of Fuel and Power and the industry; it carried out research; undertook labour negotiations on matters such as wages; and acted as the voice of the gas industry.

The Gas Council was abolished on 31 December 1972 under the terms of the Gas Act 1972 (c. 60). This restructuring of the gas industry, to manage the advent of North Sea gas, established the British Gas Corporation to centralise control and operation of the industry.
Paul Pate
Paul Danny Pate Jr. (born May 1, 1958) is an American businessman and politician serving as the 32nd Secretary of State of Iowa since 2015, previously holding the office from 1995 to 1999. Pate is the past president of the National Association of Secretaries of State. A member of the Republican Party, he was also in the Iowa Senate from 1989 to 1993 and Mayor of Cedar Rapids from 2002 to 2006. He was an unsuccessful candidate for his party's nomination for Governor of Iowa in 1998.

1998 Iowa gubernatorial election
The 1998 Iowa gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 1998. Incumbent Republican Governor Terry Branstad did not seek re-election to a fifth consecutive term; he later successfully ran again in 2010 and 2014.

To replace him, State Senator Tom Vilsack narrowly won the nomination of the Democratic Party while former United States Congressman Jim Ross Lightfoot, who was previously the Republican nominee for the United States Senate in 1996, won his party's nomination. Lightfoot was the odds-on favorite win and polling consistently showed him in the lead, but Vilsack won the general election in a stunning upset, becoming the first Democrat to serve as governor of Iowa since 1969 and the 5th Democrat to hold the office in the 20th century. Lightfoot never conceded defeat.
Upanāha
Upanāha (Sanskrit; Tibetan phonetic: khön du dzinpa) is a Buddhist term translated as "resentment" or "enmity". It is defined as clinging to an intention to cause harm, and withholding forgiveness.  It is one of the twenty subsidiary unwholesome mental factors within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings.

The Abhidharma-samuccaya states:

What is resentment? It is not letting go of an obsession which develops through association with the anger which underlies it. Its function is to be the basis of non-endurance.

Alan Wallace described upanāha as "a lingering holding of anger (Sanskrit: krodha)".

Mental factors
Mental factors (Sanskrit: चैतसिक, romanized: caitasika or chitta samskara चित्त संस्कार; Pali: cetasika; Tibetan: སེམས་བྱུང sems byung), in Buddhism, are identified within the teachings of the Abhidhamma (Buddhist psychology). They are defined as aspects of the mind that apprehend the quality of an object, and that have the ability to color the mind. Within the Abhidhamma, the mental factors are categorized as formations (Sanskrit: samskara) concurrent with mind (Sanskrit: citta). Alternate translations for mental factors include "mental states", "mental events", and "concomitants of consciousness".
Battle of the Field
Battle of the Field is a folk rock album by the Albion Country Band, recorded in summer 1973.

The performers involved were the last ("Mark 3") incarnation of the band, comprising founding members Ashley Hutchings and Simon Nicol on bass guitar and guitar, respectively, supplemented by Martin Carthy, John Kirkpatrick and Sue Harris on concertina / accordion, and oboe / hammered dulcimer, respectively, and Roger Swallow  on drums. The band split up later the same year and the album remained unreleased until 1976, although two tracks received some earlier exposure via their inclusion on the influential 1975 compilation The Electric Muse.

Martin Carthy
Martin Dominic Forbes Carthy MBE (born 21 May 1941) is an English singer and guitarist who has remained one of the most influential figures in English folk music, inspiring contemporaries such as Bob Dylan and Paul Simon, as well as later artists such as Richard Thompson, since he emerged as a young musician in the early days of the folk revival in the UK during the 1960s and 1970s.
Lake Sapsho
Lake Sapsho (Russian: Сапшо́) is a glacial lake in Demidovsky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia. It is the largest lake (3,04 km2) of the Smolenskoye Poozerye National Park. It is situated northeast of Demidov in the northwestern part of the oblast, near the settlement of Przhevalskoye. Famous 19th century Russian traveller Nikolay Przhevalsky compared the lake with Lake Baikal in miniature. The lake is a natural monument. It is connected with the Baltic Sea by the Sapsha, Vasilyevka, Yelsha, and Daugava rivers. There are 4 big and 2 small islands on the lake. There are a lot of tumuli of the Tushumlin culture by Lake Sapsho.
The flora and fauna of the lake are very diverse. Yet in the beginning of the 20th century there was the industrial fishery. Though now any industry is prohibited here. A lot of species of the flora and fauna of the lake are in the Red Book.

Smolenskoye Poozerye National Park
Smolenskoye Poozerye National Park (Russian: Смоленское Поозерье, which translates as Smolensk Lakes) is a forest-wetland ecosystem of 35 lakes and surroundings in the northwest of Smolensk Oblast near the Russian border with Belarus, about 40 miles (64 km) north of the city of Smolensk. The Western Dvina River flows through the lake region. The park was officially established in 1992. Since 2002, the park has been included in the international network of biosphere reserves. Administratively, the national park is shared between Demidovsky and Dukhovshchinsky Districts of Smolensk Oblast.
Franklin, Virginia
Franklin is the southwesternmost independent city in Hampton Roads, Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,180. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Franklin with Southampton County for statistical purposes.

Southampton County, Virginia
Southampton County is a county located on the southern border of the Commonwealth of Virginia. North Carolina is to the south. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 17,996. Its county seat is Courtland.
Illus
Flavius Illus (Ancient Greek: Ἴλλους or Ἰλλοῦς; died 488) was a Roman general who played an important role in the reigns of the Eastern Emperors Zeno and Basiliscus.

Illus supported the revolt of Basiliscus against Zeno and switched sides to support the return of Zeno (475–476). Illus served Zeno well, defeating the usurper Marcianus, but came into conflict with the Dowager Empress Verina, and supported the revolt of Leontius. The rebellion failed, and Illus was killed.

Marcianus (son of Anthemius)
Flavius Marcianus (Greek: Μαρκιανός, fl. AD 469–484) was a member of the Leonid dynasty.  The son of the Western emperor Anthemius, Marcianus married Leontia, the daughter of the Eastern Roman emperor Leo I.  He was consul twice, and in 479 unsuccessfully attempted to overthrow the emperor Zeno. After his capture he was forced to become a monk; he escaped and raised an army but was defeated and recaptured by Flavius Appalius Illus Trocundes.  In 484, when the Isaurian general Illus revolted against Zeno, Marcianus was freed and Illus proclaimed him emperor, before deposing him in favour of Leontius.
Bonkers (compilation album series)
The Bonkers series was one of the leading happy hardcore compilation series in the UK. The first release was in 1996 on the record label React (now Resist). It was available on 2xCD and 2xTC formats. DJs Sharkey and Hixxy were signed by React, and they released "Bonkers", the first in a series of albums that has become the best-selling hardcore compilation series of all time. As of 11 May 2009, the series had reached its nineteenth release, titled Bonkers: The Original Hardcore.

Happy hardcore
Happy hardcore, also known as 4-beat, is a subgenre of hardcore dance music. It emerged both from the UK breakbeat hardcore rave scene, and Belgian, German and Dutch hardcore techno scenes in the early 1990s.

Although having some similarities, happy hardcore differs from gabber in that happy hardcore tends to have breakbeats running alongside the 4/4 kick drum.
Bang Bang You're Dead (play)
Bang Bang You're Dead is a 1999 one-act play written by William Mastrosimone. Inspired by the Thurston High School shooting, the play follows a high school shooter who is tormented in his jail cell by apparitions of the five classmates he killed. A film adaptation, also written by Mastrosimone was released in 2002; it depicts a high school production of the play where one of the actors struggles to avoid becoming a shooter like the play's lead character.

Bang Bang You're Dead (film)
Bang Bang You're Dead is a 2002 American thriller drama television film directed by Guy Ferland and written by William Mastrosimone. It stars Tom Cavanagh, Ben Foster, Randy Harrison, and Janel Moloney. Based on Mastrosimone's 1999 play, the film is not a direct adaptation; it follows a troubled high school student played by Foster who participates in his school's production of the play while attempting to avoid going down the same path as the play's lead character.

The film premiered at the Seattle International Film Festival on June 7, 2002, and aired on Showtime on October 13, 2002.
Corda Formation
The Corda Formation is a red sandstone geologic formation in the Parnaíba Basin in Tocantins, Brazil. It was formed during the Neoaptian to Eoalbian series of the Early Cretaceous.

Large-scale fossil sauropod tracks have been reported from the formation.

Parnaíba Basin
The Parnaíba Basin (Portuguese: Bacia do Parnaíba) is a large cratonic sedimentary basin located in the North and Northeast portion of Brazil. About 50% of its area is in the state of Maranhão, and the other 50% is in the states of Pará, Piauí, Tocantins, and Ceará. It is one of the largest Paleozoic basins in the South American Platform. The basin has a roughly ellipsoidal shape, occupies over 600,000 km2, and is composed of ~3.4 km of mainly Paleozoic sedimentary rock that overlies localized rifts.

The basin as named after the Parnaíba River, which is approximately 1,400 kilometres (870 mi) long, and runs relatively parallel to the major axis of the basin.