hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clifton–Pohl torus
In geometry, the Clifton–Pohl torus is an example of a compact Lorentzian manifold that is not geodesically complete. While every compact Riemannian manifold is also geodesically complete (by the Hopf–Rinow theorem), this space shows that the same implication does not generalize to pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. It is named after Yeaton H. Clifton and William F. Pohl, who described it in 1962 but did not publish their result.

Pseudo-Riemannian manifold
In mathematical physics, a pseudo-Riemannian manifold, also called a semi-Riemannian manifold, is a differentiable manifold with a metric tensor that is everywhere nondegenerate.  This is a generalization of a Riemannian manifold in which the requirement of positive-definiteness is relaxed.

Every tangent space of a pseudo-Riemannian manifold is a pseudo-Euclidean vector space.

A special case used in general relativity is a four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold for modeling spacetime, where tangent vectors can be classified as timelike, null, and spacelike.
Caninia gens
The gens Caninia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome during the later Republic.  The first member of the gens who obtained any of the curule offices was Gaius Caninius Rebilus, praetor in 171 BC; but the first Caninius who was consul was his namesake, Gaius Caninius Rebilus, in 45 BC.

Gaius Caninius Rebilus (consul 45 BC)
Gaius Caninius Rebilus (fl. 52 – 45 BC) was a Roman general and politician. As a reward for devoted service, Julius Caesar made him suffect consul for mere hours on the last day of December 45 BC.

Rebilus, a novus homo of the late Republic, served with Julius Caesar throughout the Gallic Wars and the civil war. He was military tribune in Gaul in 52 BC, before becoming one of Caesar's legates in 51 BC.
Walter Berwick
Walter Berwick (1800–1868) was an Irish judge, who perished in the Abergele rail disaster of 1868. He was a much loved public figure, especially in Cork, where he is commemorated by the Berwick Fountain on the Grand Parade in Cork city. He presided over the official inquiry into the Dolly's Brae conflict in 1849.

Grand Parade, Cork
Grand Parade is one of the main streets of Cork city, Ireland. It runs from South Mall in the south to St. Patrick's Street/Daunt Square in the north, with intersections with Oliver Plunkett Street, Tuckey Street, Washington Street, Augustine Street and a number of pedestrian-only lanes in between. The Irish name of the street, Sráid an Chapaill Bhuí ("Yellow Horse Street"), comes from a time when there was a statue of King George II on horse-back at the junction with South Mall. The location of this statue is now occupied by the national monument.
K-Electric FC
K-Electric Football Club, previously known as KESC, served as the football section of K-Electric. The club played in the Pakistan Premier League and was based in Karachi, Sindh. The club colors, reflected in their crest and kit, were blue and orange.

Pakistan Premier League
The Pakistan Premier League (PPL; Urdu: پاکستان پریمیئر لیگ) is a Pakistani semi-professional league for men's football clubs. The top tier of the Pakistan football league system, the PPL operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the PFF League. The league has remained inactive since the 2018–19 season.

Since inception of the Pakistan Premier League in 2004, four clubs have won the title: Khan Research Laboratories (5), WAPDA (4), Pakistan Army (2) and K-Electric (1).
GWM Tank 500
The GWM Tank 500 or Tank 500 (Chinese: 坦克500; pinyin: Tǎnkè 500) is a full-size luxury SUV produced by Great Wall Motor under the Tank marque. It is the second model to be introduced from the brand after the Tank 300, and seats seven passengers across three rows. Its pickup truck counterpart is marketed as the Great Wall Shanhai Cannon.

Tank (marque)
Tank or GWM Tank (Chinese: 坦克; pinyin: Tǎnkè, styled in all caps) is an automotive marque owned by the Chinese carmarker Great Wall Motor (GWM). The brand specialises in off-road oriented SUVs.

The brand was named after the Tank platform that underpin GWM Tank vehicles.
XO Stereo
XO Stereo was an American rock band from Los Angeles, California. The band was formed in 2013 by ex-members of From First To Last, LoveHateHero, and The Hollowed and consists of lead vocalist / drummer Cooper Campbell, guitarist / keyboardist Justin Whitesel, and guitarist / bassist / keyboardist Jon Weisberg. The group was signed to Another Century Records with then became RED Music, a division of Sony Music and have released one EP entitled The Struggle. The group is known for the members past projects and the fact that each member plays multiple instruments in the band's recording process, allowing them to stay a three-piece band.

Century Media Records
Century Media Records is a German heavy metal record label with offices in Germany, the United States and the United Kingdom. In August 2015, Century Media was acquired by Sony Music for US$17 million.
Aaron Meeks
Aaron Joseph Meeks (born April 26, 1986) is an American former actor. He is best known for his role as Ahmad Chadway on the Showtime family drama series Soul Food (2000−04). During his career, Meeks was awarded two NAACP Image Awards and received three Young Artist Award nominations.

Soul Food (TV series)
Soul Food is an American drama television series that aired on Showtime from June 28, 2000, to May 26, 2004. Developed for television by Felicia D. Henderson, the series was an adaptation of George Tillman Jr.'s 1997 film of the same name, which was based on his childhood experiences growing up in Chicago.
Rajesh Chandra
Rajesh Chandra was a Fijian academic. In February 2005 he was appointed the first Vice-Chancellor of the newly founded University of Fiji. He served as Vice-Chancellor and President of The University of the South Pacific (USP) ending his term in December 2018.  After his retirement, he was appointed the Chancellor of Fiji National University, holding office from April 2019 until January 2020 when he stepped down for medical reasons.  He died on 16 November 2023 after a long illness.

University of the South Pacific
The University of the South Pacific (USP) is a public research university with locations spread throughout a dozen countries in Oceania. Established in 1968, the university is organised as an intergovernmental organisation and is owned by the governments of 12 Pacific island countries: the Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Niue, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu.

USP is an international centre for teaching and research on Pacific culture and environment, with almost 30,000 students in 2017.: 17  The university's main campus is in Suva, Fiji, with subsidiary campuses in each member state.
Mary Frances Clarke
Mary Frances Clarke, B.V.M. (c. 15 December 1802 – 4 December 1887) was an Irish nun who founded the Catholic order of the Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

Initially started in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to provide educational opportunities for immigrants' children, the order relocated in the 1840s to Dubuque, Iowa, and established prairie schools across the high plains. One of those initial schools later became Clarke University. She was posthumously inducted into the Iowa Women's Hall of Fame.

Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary
The Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, known by its initials BVM, is a Catholic religious institute founded in the United States by Mother Mary Frances Clarke. The BVM currently works in twenty-five U.S. states and three other countries.
Everyday Robots
Everyday Robots is the debut solo studio album by British musician Damon Albarn, best known as the frontman of Blur and Gorillaz. Described by Albarn as his "most personal record", the album was co-produced by Richard Russell and released on 25 April 2014. It features guest contributions from musician and producer Brian Eno, singer Natasha Khan and the Leytonstone City Mission Choir. It was nominated for the 2014 Mercury Prize for best album.

The album produced five singles: "Everyday Robots", "Lonely Press Play", "Hollow Ponds", US-only release "Mr Tembo", and "Heavy Seas of Love". Everyday Robots received positive reviews from music critics, and debuted at number two on the UK Albums Chart.

Bat for Lashes
Natasha Khan (born 25 October 1979), known professionally as Bat for Lashes, is an English singer, songwriter, producer, and multi-instrumentalist. She has released six studio albums: Fur and Gold (2006), Two Suns (2009), The Haunted Man (2012), The Bride (2016), Lost Girls (2019), and The Dream of Delphi (2024). She has received three Mercury Prize nominations. Khan is also the vocalist for Sexwitch, a collaboration with the rock band Toy and producer Dan Carey.
Harrying of Buchan
The Harrying of Buchan, also known as the Herschip (hardship) or Rape of Buchan, took place in 1308 during the Wars of Scottish Independence. It saw vast areas of Buchan in northeast Scotland, then ruled by Clan Comyn, burned to the ground by Robert the Bruce and his brother Edward, immediately following their success at the Battle of Barra.

Edward Bruce
Edward Bruce, Earl of Carrick (Norman French: Edward de Brus; Middle Irish: Edubard a Briuis; Modern Scottish Gaelic: Scottish Gaelic: Eideard or Iomhair Bruis; c. 1280 – 14 October 1318), was a younger brother of Robert the Bruce, King of Scots. He supported his brother in the 1306–1314 struggle for the Scottish crown, then pursued his own claims in Ireland. Proclaimed High King of Ireland in 1315 and crowned in 1316, he was eventually defeated and killed by Anglo-Irish forces of the Lordship of Ireland at the Battle of Faughart in County Louth in 1318.
Bit Boy!! Arcade
Bit Boy!! Arcade is an action video game developed by Austrian indie studio Bplus for Nintendo 3DS' eShop service. It was released in the United States on April 17, 2014 and in Europe on April 24, 2014. It's a sequel to the 2009 released Bit Boy!! for Nintendo's WiiWare service and the second installment of the Bit Boy!! series. It uses a 3D, isometric playing field, with polygon characters.

According to Bplus two more sequels would be released in an undefined future.

Bit Boy!!
Bit Boy!! is an action video game developed by Austrian studio Bplus for Nintendo's WiiWare service. It was released in Europe on July 3, 2009, North America on July 13, 2009, and in Japan on March 30, 2010 as Bit Man!! (ビットマン, Bitto Man) by Marvelous Entertainment.
George Arundale
George Sydney Arundale (1 December 1878 in Surrey, England — 12 August 1945 in Adyar, India) was a Theosophist, Freemason, president of the Theosophical Society Adyar and a bishop of the Liberal Catholic Church. He was the husband of the Indian dancer Rukmini Devi Arundale.

Rukmini Devi Arundale
Rukmini Devi Arundale (née Sastri; 29 February 1904 – 24 February 1986) was an Indian theosophist, dancer and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam, and an activist for animal welfare.

She was the first woman in Indian history to be nominated as a member of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India. The most important revivalist of Bharatanatyam from its original 'sadhir' style prevalent amongst the temple dancers, the Devadasis, she also worked for the re-establishment of traditional Indian arts and crafts.

She espoused the cause of Bharatanatyam which was considered a vulgar art form in the early 1920s. Recognising its beauty and value, she not only learned the dance, but also presented it on stage despite strong public protests.

Rukmini Devi features in India Today's list of '100 People Who Shaped India'. She was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1956, and the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship in 1967.
Iva Jovic
Iva Jovic (born December 6, 2007) is an American professional tennis player. She has a career-high WTA singles ranking of No. 20 achieved on February 2, 2026 and a best doubles ranking of No. 159 reached on January 12, 2026. She has won one WTA Tour title, at the 2025 Guadalajara Open.

Jovic reached a best combined junior ranking of No. 2 on September 9, 2024. She won two junior major titles in girls' doubles, at the 2024 Australian Open and at Wimbledon.

2024 Wimbledon Championships – Girls' doubles
Tyra Caterina Grant and Iva Jovic won the girls' doubles title at the 2024 Wimbledon Championships, defeating Mika Stojsavljevic and Mingge Xu in the final, 7–5, 4–6, [10–8].

Alena Kovačková and Laura Samson (formerly Samsonová) were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals to Stojsavljevic and Xu.
Miller Reese Hutchison
Miller Reese Hutchison (August 6, 1876 – February 16, 1944) was an American electrical engineer and inventor. He developed some of the first portable electric devices, such as a vehicle horn and a hearing aid. His father was William Hutchison and mother born Tracie Elizabeth Magruder. He attended Marion Military Institute from 1889 through 1891, Spring Hill College 1891 through 1892, the University Military Institute in Mobile from 1892 through 1895, and graduated from Auburn University (then called Alabama Polytechnical Institute) in 1897. While still in school he invented and patented a lightning arrester for telegraph lines in 1895.
At the outbreak of the Spanish–American War in 1898, he volunteered and was appointed engineer for the United States Lighthouse Board, laying cables and mines to protect harbors in the Gulf of Mexico.

Vehicle horn
A horn is a sound-making device installed on motor vehicles, trains, boats, and other types of vehicles. The sound it makes usually resembles a “honk” (older vehicles) or a “beep” (modern vehicles). The driver uses the horn to warn others of the vehicle's presence or approach, or to call others’ attention to a hazard. Motor vehicles, ships and trains are required by law in some countries to have horns. Public transit vehicles and even bicycles are also legally required to have an audible warning device in many areas.
2013 Malaysia National Basketball League
The 2013 Malaysia National Basketball League Regular Season was the 33rd season of competition of the Malaysia National Basketball League (MNBL) since its establishment. A total of five teams competed in the league. The regular season began on 6 September 2013 with the 1st Series in Miri, Sarawak and ended on 29 September 2013 in Kuala Lumpur.

Malaysia National Basketball League
The Malaysia National Basketball League (Petronas-Molten Malaysia National Basketball League for sponsorship reason), often abbreviated to the MNBL, was the pre-eminent men's basketball league in Malaysia, organised by the Malaysia Basketball Association (MABA). The competition started as Malaysian Basketball League (MBL) in 1981. In 2002, MABA appointed Mr. Tan Kee Hian (simplified Chinese: 陈其贤; traditional Chinese: 陳其賢; pinyin: chén qí xián) to handle the competition and changed the league's name to Malaysia National Basketball League (MNBL).

MNBL commissioner Tan Kee Hian announced on 24 July 2011, after the grand final of 2011 MNBL, that they would take a break from the privately owned national league "after 10 years of struggling to keep the league afloat due to the lack of sponsors and teams".

In 2017, a new national league named the Malaysia Pro League (MPL) was established as a replacement for the Malaysia National Basketball League.
A. R. Ammons
Archibald Randolph Ammons (February 18, 1926 – February 25, 2001) was an American poet and professor of English at Cornell University. Ammons published nearly thirty collections of poems in his lifetime. Revered for his impact on American romantic poetry, Ammons received several major awards for his work, including two National Book Awards for Poetry, one in 1973 for Collected Poems and another in 1993 for Garbage.

Harold Bloom
Harold Bloom (July 11, 1930 – October 14, 2019) was an American literary critic and the Sterling Professor of humanities at Yale University. In 2017, Bloom was called "probably the most famous literary critic in the English-speaking world". After publishing his first book in 1959, Bloom wrote more than 50 books, including over 40 books of literary criticism, several books discussing religion, and one novel. He edited hundreds of anthologies concerning numerous literary and philosophical figures for the Chelsea House publishing firm. Bloom's books have been translated into more than 40 languages. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1995.

Bloom was a defender of the traditional Western canon at a time when literature departments were focusing on what he derided as the "School of Resentment" (which included multiculturalism, feminism, and Marxism). He was educated at Yale, the University of Cambridge, and Cornell University.
Dennis Dullnig
Dennis Dullnig is a Swiss professional wrestler working as a freelancer. He is best known for his tenure with Westside Xtreme Wrestling (wXw) where he is the current wXw Shotgun Champion in his first reign and a former two-time wXw World Tag Team Champion, and for his work in various promotions from the European independent scene.

WXw Shotgun Championship
The wXw Shotgun Championship is a professional wrestling championship created and promoted by the German promotion Westside Xtreme Wrestling. All of the matches disputed for the title are broadcast on wXw's YouTube channel. The first champion was crowned on August 18, 2013. Ilja Dragunov defeated Tony Blunt in the finals of a tournament to become the first champion.
Grainger Stadium
Grainger Stadium is a baseball stadium located in Kinston, North Carolina. It is the home ballpark for the Down East Bird Dawgs who competes in the Frontier League (FL), as well as the annual Freedom Classic between Navy and Air Force. Grainger was previously home to the Down East Wood Ducks, the Kinston Indians and all the professional Kinston baseball teams since 1949.

Kinston Indians
The Kinston Indians were a Minor League Baseball team of the Carolina League (CL) located in Kinston, North Carolina, from 1978 to 2011. They played their home games at Grainger Stadium, which opened in 1949.

The team began play in 1978 as the Kinston Eagles, borrowing their name from the city's first team of the same name dating back to 1925. They became an affiliate of the Toronto Blue Jays in 1979 and rebranded as the Kinston Blue Jays in 1982. Kinston reverted to the Eagles moniker in 1986 after the Toronto affiliation ended and became the Kinston Indians upon partnering with the Cleveland Indians in 1987. After the 2011 season, the Carolina League franchise was relocated to Zebulon, North Carolina, for the 2012 campaign to become the Carolina Mudcats.

The K-Tribe won the Carolina League championship in 1988, 1991, 1995, 2004, and 2006.
John Thynne
Sir John Thynne (c. 1515 – 21 May 1580) was the steward to Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset (c. 1506 – 1552), and a member of parliament. He was the builder of Longleat House, and his descendants became Marquesses of Bath.

Marquess of Bath
Marquess of Bath is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1789 for Thomas Thynne, 3rd Viscount Weymouth. The Marquess holds the subsidiary titles Baron Thynne, of Warminster in the County of Wiltshire, and Viscount Weymouth, both created in 1682 in the Peerage of England. He is also a baronet in the Baronetage of England.
Caliacra County
Caliacra County was a county (județ) of Romania in the interwar period, in Southern Dobruja, with the seat at Bazargic (today Dobrich, Bulgaria).

The county was located in the south-eastern part of Romania, in the Southern Dobruja region, known as Cadrilater. Currently the territory of the former county is part of Bulgaria, mostly forming Dobrich Province, although several villages in the south are included in Varna Province. It bordered on the north with Constanța County, northwest with Durostor County, south with the Kingdom of Bulgaria, and on the east with the Black Sea.

Dobrich
Dobrich (Bulgarian: Добрич [ˈdɔbrit͡ʃ]) is the 9th-largest city in Bulgaria, the administrative centre of Dobrich Province and the capital of the region of Southern Dobrudzha. It is located in the northeastern part of the country, 30 km west of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, not far from resorts such as Albena, Balchik, and Golden Sands. In January 2012, Dobrich was inhabited by 79,269 people within the city limits. The city is named after the Bulgarian medieval lord of the surrounding region - Dobrotitsa. Agriculture is the most developed branch of the economy. The most popular types of agricultural products in the region are wheat and lavender oil.

Dobrich Knoll on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Dobrich. A point of interest is the Dobrich TV Tower.
Azerbaijan in the Eurovision Song Contest 2020
Azerbaijan was set to be represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 with the song "Cleopatra" written by Luuk van Beers, Alan Roy Scott and Sarah Lake. The song was performed by Efendi, who was internally selected by the Azerbaijani broadcaster İctimai Television (İTV) to represent the nation at the 2020 contest in Rotterdam, Netherlands. Efendi's selection as the Azerbaijani Eurovision entrant was announced on 28 February 2020, while the song "Cleopatra" was presented to the public on 10 March.

Azerbaijan was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 12 May 2020. However, the contest was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Samira Efendi
Samira Azer gizi Efendiyeva (Azerbaijani: Samirə Azər qızı Əfəndiyeva; born 17 April 1991), known as Samira Efendi or Efendi, is an Azerbaijani singer. She represented Azerbaijan in the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 with the song "Mata Hari".
National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
The Spring Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam, which became the National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam, was a coalition of American antiwar activists formed in November 1966 to organize large demonstrations in opposition to the Vietnam War. The organization was informally known as "the Mobe".

Individuals and organizations associated either with the Spring Mobilization to End the War in Vietnam or the National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam include Dr. Benjamin Spock and SANE, Sidney Peck, Eric Weinberger, David Dellinger, Jerry Rubin, James Bevel, Stew Albert, A. J. Muste, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Coretta Scott King, Rennie Davis, Karen Wald, Fred Halstead, Bradford Lyttle, Charles Owen Rice, Vietnam Summer, Cornell Professor Robert Greenblatt (who became national coordinator of the Mobilization to End the War), and Tom Hayden.

Rennie Davis
Rennard Cordon Davis (May 23, 1940 – February 2, 2021) was an American anti-war activist who gained prominence in the 1960s. He was one of the Chicago Seven defendants charged for anti-war demonstrations and large-scale protests at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago. He had a prominent organizational role in the American anti–Vietnam War protest movement of the 1960s.

In the early 1970s, Davis became a follower of Guru Maharaj Ji (Prem Rawat) and his Divine Light Mission. He began to travel as a spiritual lecturer. He also became a venture capitalist, and founded the Foundation for a New Humanity to combine these goals.