hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vignes Mourthi
Vignes s/o Mourthi (21 March 1980 – 26 September 2003) was a Malaysian convicted drug trafficker who was found guilty of trafficking 27.65 grams of diamorphine on 20 September 2001. After the end of his trial in August 2002, Vignes and his accomplice Moorthy a/l Angappan (also a Malaysian) were both sentenced to death since the death penalty was mandatory for the amount trafficked by the duo. Despite the immense evidence against him, Vignes maintained his innocence and appealed many times to overturn his conviction and sentence. Ultimately, Vignes was put to death alongside Moorthy as scheduled on 26 September 2003. His execution remained a controversy even in the aftermath due to his insistent claims of innocence.

Capital punishment in Singapore
Executions in Singapore are carried out by long drop hanging, and usually take place at dawn. Thirty-three offences—including murder, drug trafficking, terrorism, use of firearms and kidnapping—warrant the death penalty under Singaporean law.

In 2012, Singapore amended its laws to exempt some offences from the mandatory death sentence. In a 2005 survey by The Straits Times, 95% of Singaporeans were of the view that their country should retain the death penalty. The support steadily fell throughout the years due to the increasing liberal opinions of society. Despite the decline, a large majority of the public remains supportive of the use of the death penalty, with more than 80% of Singaporeans believing that their country should retain the death penalty in 2021.

The most recent execution conducted in Singapore took place on 13 February 2026, when a 62-year-old Singaporean was hanged for trafficking not less than 29.06g of diamorphine in his possession.
Thurstaston
Thurstaston (/ˈθɜːstəstən/ THUR-stə-stən) is a village and former civil parish, in the Wirral district, in Merseyside, England, on the Wirral Peninsula. It is part of the West Kirby and Thurstaston Ward and the parliamentary constituency of Wirral West. The village lies on the A540 road between Heswall and Caldy, although it extends some distance down Station Road to the Wirral Way and the River Dee estuary.

At the time of the 2001 census, the village itself had only 160 inhabitants, 
although the national census included Caldy and parts of Irby, bringing the total population to 15,548.

Caldy
Caldy (historically spelt Calday) is a small, affluent village on the Wirral Peninsula, Merseyside, England, south-east of West Kirby. It is part of the West Kirby & Thurstaston Ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, and is in the parliamentary constituency of Wirral West. At the time of the 2001 Census, Caldy had 1,290 inhabitants, of a total ward population of 12,869.
Oklahoma State Highway 125
State Highway 125 (abbreviated SH-125) is a state highway in northeastern Oklahoma that is 25.7 miles (41.4 km) long. It begins in the south at Grand Lake O' the Cherokees, ending in Miami at US-69/SH-10. It has no lettered spur routes.

SH-125 was established in the late 1950s as a gravel spur to Monkey Island from US-59. It was paved within the first five years of its existence, and was extended north to Miami in the early 1970s.

U.S. Route 59 in Oklahoma
U.S. Highway 59 (US-59) heads along the eastern portion of the state of Oklahoma. US-59's 216.47-mile (348.37 km) route through Oklahoma takes it through the mountainous terrain of the eastern Oklahoma Ouachitas and Ozarks. US-59 serves several lakes and towns through Oklahoma's Green Country, including Grand Lake, a major recreation center. The route enters the state from Arkansas near Fogel, Arkansas, and ends at the Kansas state line south of Chetopa, Kansas.

US-59 was first designated in Oklahoma around 1935. The highway's route at that time was largely the same as it is today; however, between the Afton area and Welch, US-59 passed through Vinita instead following the modern-day route passing east of it. US-59 was changed to follow the present-day route in 1951. Since then, US-59 has undergone only minor adjustments, many of which eliminated curves and provided a more direct route for travelers using the highway to traverse eastern Oklahoma.
Ethan Juan
Ethan Juan (traditional Chinese: 阮經天; simplified Chinese: 阮经天; pinyin: Ruǎn Jīngtiān; Wade–Giles: Juan Ching-t'ien, born 8 November 1982) is a Taiwanese actor and model. He gained popularity in idol dramas Green Forest, My Home (2005), Wayward Kenting (2007), Fated to Love You (2008), and My Queen (2009) and had a frequent collaboration with Doze Niu, who directed Monga (2010), earning Juan the 47th Golden Horse Award for Best Actor. In the 2010s, Juan shifted his career to mainland China, where he achieved modest success until the Taiwanese film The Pig, The Snake and The Pigeon (2023) became a surprise hit in China.

Doze Niu
Doze Niu (Chinese: 鈕承澤; pinyin: Niǔ Chéngzé; Wade–Giles: Niu Ch'eng-tse; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Liú Sêng-te̍k, also known as Niu Chen-zer; born June 22, 1966) is a Taiwanese actor, film director, show host, screenwriter, and producer. As a film director, he is best known for the Taiwanese film Monga.
Peronospora
Peronospora is a genus of downy mildews that are obligate plant pathogens. They can cause severe damage to many different cultivated crops, as well as wild and ornamental plants. Peronospora is most closely related to Pseudoperonospora, and together they form the clade of downy mildews with coloured conidia. Peronospora has far more species than any other genus of the downy mildews. However, many species have been moved from this genus to other genera based on phylogenetic evidence. Among these are the species now in Hyaloperonospora, important pathogens of the Brassicaceae. Now, the Peronospora species of most importance is likely Peronospora tabacina. Peronospora tabacina causes blue mold on tobacco plants and can severely reduce yields of this economically important crop to the point where it has been classified as a bioweapon.

Downy mildew
Downy mildew refers to any of several types of oomycete microbes that are obligate parasites of plants. Downy mildews exclusively belong to the Peronosporaceae family. In commercial agriculture, they are a particular problem for growers of crucifers, grapes and vegetables that grow on vines. The prime example is Peronospora farinosa featured in NCBI-Taxonomy and HYP3. This pathogen does not produce survival structures in the northern states of the United States, and overwinters as live mildew colonies in Gulf Coast states. It progresses northward with cucurbit production each spring. Yield loss associated with downy mildew is most likely related to soft rots that occur after plant canopies collapse and sunburn occurs on fruit. Cucurbit downy mildew only affects leaves of cucurbit plants.
Quest for Saddam
Quest for Saddam is a first-person shooter video game released by Petrilla Entertainment on May 14, 2003. With a gameplay style similar to Doom and a humorous approach to the plot, the goal is to fight Iraqi soldiers and eventually to kill Saddam Hussein. The game was later modded by the Global Islamic Media Front (an al-Qaeda propaganda organization) in Quest for Bush, which changed the game's premise to kill the game's boss, President George W. Bush.

Quest for Bush
Quest for Bush, also known by its literal Arabic translation The Night of Bush Capturing, is a free first-person shooter video game released by the Global Islamic Media Front (an al-Qaeda propaganda organization) in September 2006. The goal is to fight soldiers through six levels and eventually to kill the boss, US president George W. Bush. The game is a modification of Quest for Saddam, released by Petrilla Entertainment in 2003.
Cullahill
Cullahill or Cullohill (Irish: Cúlchoill / an Chúlchoill, meaning 'the back of the woods/behind the woods') is a small village situated on the R639 road in County Laois, Ireland. Cullahill takes its name from an ancient forest that covered Cullahill Mountain and extended down to Cullahill Castle.

Cullahill Castle
Cullahill Castle was the principal stronghold of the MacGillapatricks of Upper Ossory built around 1425 and destroyed around 1650. Cullahill Castle takes its name from an ancient forest that covered Cullahill Mountain and extended down to Cullahill village.
California State Route 133
State Route 133 (SR 133) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California, serving as an urban route in Orange County. It connects SR 1 in Laguna Beach through the San Joaquin Hills with several freeways in Irvine, ending at the SR 241, a toll road in the latter city. It is built as an expressway from SR 73 to Laguna Canyon Road (just south of I-405 in Irvine), and past this, SR 133 is a freeway (the Laguna Freeway) to I-5, and a tollway (part of the Eastern Transportation Corridor operated by the Transportation Corridor Agencies) to SR 241 near the Santa Ana Mountains.

SR 133 was constructed as a county road by the 1910s; the portion from I-405 to I-5 was upgraded to a freeway four decades later. The state canceled plans to extend the freeway segment south, and the southern part of the road remains an undivided highway. In 1998, most of the Eastern Transportation Corridor opened, and the connector between I-5 and SR 241 was designated as a toll extension of SR 133.

Interstate 405 (California)
Interstate 405 (I-405, locally referred to as the 405) is a major north–south auxiliary Interstate Highway in Southern California. The entire route is known as the northern segment of the San Diego Freeway. I-405 is a bypass auxiliary route of I-5, running along the southern and western parts of the Greater Los Angeles urban area from Irvine in the south to Sylmar in the north.

I-405, heavily traveled by both commuters and freight haulers along its entire length, is the busiest and most congested freeway in the United States. The freeway's annual average daily traffic between exits 21 and 22 in Seal Beach reached 374,000 in 2008, making it the highest count in the nation. It has played a crucial role in the development of dozens of cities and suburbs along its route through Los Angeles and Orange counties. It also serves Los Angeles International Airport, Long Beach Airport, and Orange County's John Wayne Airport.
Ramón José de Arce
Ramón José de Arce y Rebollar (1757 – 1844) was a Spanish churchman who served as Archbishop of Burgos from 1797 to 1801; as Grand Inquisitor of the Spanish Inquisition from 1797 to 1808; as Archbishop of Zaragoza from 1800 to 1816; and as Patriarch of the West Indies from 1806 to 1815.

Archdiocese of Zaragoza
The Archdiocese of Saragossa (Latin: Archidiœcesis Cæsaraugustana; Aragonese: Archidiocesi de Zaragoza) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in north-eastern Spain, in the province of Zaragoza (Saragossa in English), part of the autonomous community of Aragón. The archdiocese heads the ecclesiastical province of Saragossa, having metropolitan authority over the suffragan dioceses of Barbastro-Monzón, Huesca, Tarazona, and Teruel and Albarracín.

The diocese was created in Roman times; Pope John XXII elevated it to an archdiocese in 1318.
Interstate 270 (Ohio)
Interstate 270 (I-270) is an auxiliary interstate highway that forms a beltway loop freeway in the Columbus metropolitan area in the US state of Ohio, commonly known locally as The Outerbelt or the Jack Nicklaus Freeway. The zero-milepost is at the junction with Interstate 71 east of Grove City, intersecting with I-71 again near Worthington as well as connecting with Interstate 70 twice with the western junction near Lincoln Village and the eastern junction near Reynoldsburg. The route furthermore links to the eastern terminus of Interstate 670 near Gahanna and provides indirect access to John Glenn Columbus International Airport. The entire length of I-270 is 54.97 miles (88.47 km). It is one of four Interstate loops not to run concurrently with another Interstate freeway, the others being I-295 in Florida, I-485 in North Carolina, and I-610 in Texas.

John Glenn Columbus International Airport
John Glenn Columbus International Airport (IATA: CMH, ICAO: KCMH, FAA LID: CMH) is an international airport located 6 miles (9.7 km) east of downtown Columbus, Ohio. It is managed by the Columbus Regional Airport Authority, which also oversees operations at Rickenbacker International Airport and Bolton Field. The airport code "CMH" stands for "Columbus Municipal Hangar", the original name of the airport.

John Glenn Columbus International Airport is primarily a passenger airport. It provides 148 non-stop flights to 31 airports via many passenger airlines daily.

In 2016 the airport was re-named from Port Columbus International Airport to its current name, in honor of astronaut and four-term U.S. senator John Glenn.
2009 Belmont Stakes
The 2009 Belmont Stakes was the 141st running of the Belmont Stakes. The race took place on June 6, 2009, and was televised on ABC and ESPN360. The value of the race was $1,000,000 in stakes. Post time was 6:19 p.m. EST. As the final jewel in the Triple Crown, this year's event was run without the elusive championship at stake as 2009 Kentucky Derby winner Mine That Bird was defeated in the Preakness. The attendance at Belmont Park was 52,861.

Summer Bird closed stoutly in the stretch and was victorious over Dunkirk and Mine That Bird, who battled on for the minor placings.

2009 Preakness Stakes
The 2009 Preakness Stakes was the 134th running of the Preakness Stakes, the second leg of horse racing's Triple Crown. The value of the race was $1,100,000 in stakes. The race was sponsored by BlackBerry and hence officially was called BlackBerry Preakness Stakes. The race took place on May 16, 2009. Post time was 6:19 p.m. EDT and was televised in the United States on the NBC television networks. 
The Maryland Jockey Club reported total attendance of 77,850, this is recorded as third highest on the list of American thoroughbred racing top attended events for North America in 2009.

Rachel Alexandra won by a length, holding off the rapidly closing 2009 Kentucky Derby winner Mine That Bird to become the first filly since 1924 to win the Preakness Stakes, and to extend horse racing's longest losing streak to 31 years since Affirmed became the last Triple Crown winner in 1978.
Stanislav Krakov
Stanislav Krakov (Serbian Cyrillic: Станислав Краков; 1895–1968) was a Serbian officer, Chetnik guerrilla, journalist, writer and film director. He participated in the Balkan Wars and First World War. During the Second World War, he supported his maternal uncle, General Milan Nedić, and was the editor of Nedić's newspapers Novo vreme and Obnova.

Milan Nedić
Milan Nedić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милан Недић; 2 September 1878 – 4 February 1946) was a Yugoslav and Serbian army general and politician who served as the Chief of the General Staff of the Royal Yugoslav Army and minister of war in the Royal Yugoslav Government. During World War II, he collaborated with Nazi Germany and served as the prime minister of the puppet government of National Salvation, in the German occupied territory of Serbia. After the war, the Yugoslav communist authorities imprisoned him, where in 1946, according to the official version, he was killed by prison guards. There have been attempts since the 2000s to present Nedić's role in World War II more positively. All applications to rehabilitate him have so far been declined by the official Serbian courts.
Mike Krahulik
Michael Krahulik (/krəˈhuːlɪk/; born September 25, 1977) is an American artist for the webcomic Penny Arcade and co-founder with Jerry Holkins of Child's Play, a charity that organizes toy drives for children's hospitals. He goes by the online moniker "Jonathan Gabriel" or "Gabe".  Krahulik does not physically resemble his comic strip counterpart, as the character was not originally meant to represent him. He is from Spokane, Washington.

Penny Arcade
Penny Arcade is a webcomic focused on video games and video game culture, written by Jerry Holkins and illustrated by Mike Krahulik. The comic debuted in 1998 on the website loonygames.com. Since then, Holkins and Krahulik have established their own site, which is typically updated with a new comic strip each Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. The comics are accompanied by regular updates on the site's blog.

By 2005, Penny Arcade was among the most popular and longest running webcomics online, listed in 2010 as having 3.5 million readers. Holkins and Krahulik were among the first webcomic creators successful enough to make a living from their work. In addition to the comic, Holkins and Krahulik also created Child's Play, a children's charity; PAX, a gaming convention; Penny Arcade TV, a YouTube channel; Pinny Arcade, a pin exchange; and the episodic video game Penny Arcade Adventures: On the Rain-Slick Precipice of Darkness with Hothead Games and Zeboyd Games.
Ilbandornis
Ilbandornis is an extinct genus of ostrich-sized dromornithid, a clade known casually as "demon ducks" because they are most closely related to the water fowl clade anseriformes. It was far more lightly built than other members of the family, indicating a more cursorial lifestyle; it was a fast runner. The majority of researchers consider Dromornithids to be herbivorous; this is borne out by molecular analysis of the gastroliths and eggshells of both Ilbandornis and the related Genyornis. While Ilbandornis and Genyornis have skulls of similar size to emus, other Dromornithids such as Dromornis have far more robust skulls with large beaks; these were previously considered an adaptation for carnivory, but their blunt edges and lack of hooked tip indicate that the species were herbivorous. It is therefore likely that the differences in skull shape are due to differences in diet. Ilbandornis went extinct sometime in the Miocene epoch.

Genyornis
Genyornis is an extinct genus of large, flightless bird that lived in Australia during the Pleistocene Epoch until around 40-50,000 years ago. Over two metres in height, they were likely herbivorous.  It is the last known member of the extinct flightless bird family Dromornithidae which had been part of the fauna of the Australian continent for over 30 million years. They are not closely related to ratites such as emus, and they are thought to be a gigantic type of fowl, likely an early diverging group within the Anseriformes, which contains ducks and geese. Genyornis. and many other Australian megafauna became extinct in Australia as part of the Late Pleistocene extinction event, coinciding with the arrival of humans. Evidence has been found for human consumption of Genyornis eggs, making it one of the few species of Australian megafauna for which evidence of human interaction is known.
Satis (spacecraft)
Satis, also known as Asteroid Inspector, is a proposed planetary defense deep-space CubeSat mission under development by the European Space Agency (ESA) the Space Safety Programme (S2P). If approved, Satis will launch in 2030 to study an asteroid. Satis will be a 12-unit CubeSat based on a similar European mission M-ARGO. As of February 2026, Satis was not mentioned in materials about future missions planned by S2P.

Satis was also proposed as a mission to study the properties of the near-Earth asteroid Apophis before, during, and after its closest approach to Earth in April 2029. That would require launch in April 2028.

M-Argo
M-Argo (Miniaturised Asteroid Remote Geophysical Observer) is a planned asteroid rendezvous mission by the European Space Agency (ESA) in the form of a 12U CubeSat. M-Argo will spend six months around its destination asteroid collecting data on a repeating two-week pattern, searching the asteroid for in-situ resources. The spacecraft will use ground-based navigation similar to that of Rosetta to determine its trajectory.
Chelyabinsk constituency
The Chelyabinsk constituency (No.189) is a Russian legislative constituency in Chelyabinsk Oblast. The constituency stretches from central and western Chelyabinsk southwards through central Chelyabinsk Oblast to Troitsk.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Vladimir Pavlov, Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Assembly of Chelyabinsk Oblast and metallurgy executive, who won the open seat, succeeding one-term United Russia incumbent Andrey Baryshev after the latter unsuccessfully sought re-election in Metallurgichesky constituency as an Independent.

Metallurgichesky constituency
The Metallurgichesky constituency (No.190) is a Russian legislative constituency in Chelyabinsk Oblast. The constituency covers northern and eastern Chelyabinsk as well as northern Chelyabinsk Oblast, including the towns Ozyorsk, Snezhinsk, Kyshtym and Verkhny Ufaley.

The constituency has been represented since 2016 by United Russia deputy Vladimir Burmatov, three-term State Duma member and community activist.
USS Cobia
USS Cobia (SS/AGSS-245) is a Gato-class submarine, formerly of the United States Navy, named for the cobia.

Cobia was designated a National Historic Landmark for her service in World War II, which included service in the Pacific, where she earned four battle stars.  She is now a museum ship at the Wisconsin Maritime Museum in Manitowoc, Wisconsin.

Wisconsin Maritime Museum
The Wisconsin Maritime Museum is a maritime museum in the Lake Michigan port and shipbuilding city of Manitowoc, Wisconsin. It preserves and teaches about the maritime history of the Great Lakes and Wisconsin.
Maeda Toshimasu
Maeda Toshimasu (前田 利益; c. 1543 – 1612), better known as Maeda Keiji (前田 慶次) or Keijirō (慶次郎), was a Japanese samurai lord of the Sengoku period through early Edo period. He was the nephew of Maeda Toshiie and Maeda Matsu. In legends and fictions, he is one of the most celebrated kabukimono (samurai gangster) of the time period who is known for his monstrous height and his peerless strength. Toshimasu's horse and companion, Matsukaze, was one of the most famous warhorses in Japan.

Maeda Toshiie
Maeda Toshiie (前田 利家; January 15, 1538 – April 27, 1599) was one of the leading generals of Oda Nobunaga following the Sengoku period of the 16th century extending to the Azuchi–Momoyama period. His preferred weapon was a yari, and Matazaemon (又左衛門) was his common name; he was therefore known as Yari no Mataza (槍の又左). He was a member of the so-called Echizen Sanninshu (Echizen Triumvir) along with Sassa Narimasa and Fuwa Mitsuharu. The highest rank from the court that he received is the Great Counselor Dainagon (大納言).
Kristina Groves
Kristina Nicole Groves (born December 4, 1976) is a Canadian retired speed skater. She is Canada's most decorated skater in the World Single Distances Championships with 13 career medals in this event. She won four Olympic medals: she won two silver medals at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, in the 1,500 meters and team pursuit, and she won the silver medal in the 1500 m event and the bronze medal in the 3000 m event at the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics.

As of 2012, she was ranked sixth on the women's Adelskalender, her teammates Cindy Klassen and Christine Nesbitt were ranked first and seventh respectively.

Christine Nesbitt
Christine Nesbitt (born 17 May 1985) is a Canadian retired long track speed skater who currently resides in Vancouver, British Columbia. She won the gold medal in the 1000 metres event at the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics. She had previously won a silver medal in the team pursuit at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin. She is also the 2011 sprint champion, 2012 1500 metres world champion, three-time world champion for 1000 metres (2009, 2011, 2012), and three-time world champion for team pursuit (2007, 2009, 2011). On 4 June 2015 she announced her retirement.

Nesbitt previously held the world record for 1000 metres, with a time of 1:12:68 recorded in Calgary on 28 January 2012. The time is still the current Canadian record.