hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transfer case
A transfer case is an intermediate gearbox that transfers power from the transmission of a motor vehicle to the driven axles of four-wheel-drive, all-wheel-drive, and other multi-axled on- and off-road machines. A part of the vehicle's drivetrain, it employs drive shafts to mechanically deliver motive power.  The transfer case  also synchronizes the difference between the rotation of the front and rear wheels (only high-speed 4wd-Awd systems), and may contain one or more sets of low range gears for off-road use.

Transmission (mechanical device)
A transmission (also called a gearbox) is a mechanical device invented by Louis Renault (who founded Renault) which uses a gear set—two or more gears working together—to change the speed, direction of rotation, or torque multiplication or reduction, in a machine.

A transmission can have a single, or fixed, gear ratio or it can have variable ratios; a variable-ratio transmission can have multiple discrete gear ratios or be continuously variable. Variable-ratio transmissions are used in many kinds of machinery, especially vehicles.
Robert L. Spragins
Major General Robert Lily Spragins (November 12, 1890 – December 26, 1964) was a senior United States Army officer.  He was notable for his command of the 71st and 44th Infantry Divisions in World War II.

44th Infantry Division (United States)
The 44th Infantry Division was a division of the United States Army National Guard from October 1920 to November 1945, when it was inactivated after Federal Service during World War II. A second 44th Infantry Division existed in the Illinois Army National Guard from 1946 until October 1954, when that division was disbanded after federal service during the Korean War.
Im Ye-jin
Im Ki-hee (Korean: 임기희; born January 24, 1960), known professionally as Im Ye-jin (임예진), is a South Korean actress. Affectionately called the original "Nation's Little Sister", Im debuted as a teenage actress taking on roles of the "pretty teenage student" in several movies and TV series – helping her win the title of everyone's favorite "dongseng" (동생; lit. younger sibling) in her time. She reached the peak of her popularity in the 1970s with the "Really Really" film trilogy, which includes Never Forget Me (1976), I Am Really Sorry (1976) and I Really Really Like You. She is currently active in television.

I Am Really Sorry
I Am Really Sorry (Korean: 진짜 진짜 미안해; RR: Jinjja jinjja mianhae; lit. I'm Really Really Sorry) is a 1976 South Korean film directed by Mun Yeo-song. It is the 2nd movie in the "Really Really" series, the 1st being Never Forget Me (1976) which was released earlier that same year, and also starred Im Ye-jin and Lee Deok-hwa.
Shao Jiayi
Shao Jiayi (Chinese: 邵佳一; pinyin: Shào Jiāyī; born 10 April 1980) is a Chinese professional football manager and a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He is the head coach of the China national football team. He represented Beijing Guoan (two spells), TSV 1860 Munich, Energie Cottbus and MSV Duisburg as well as the China national team with which he participated in the 2000 AFC Asian Cup, 2002 FIFA World Cup and 2004 AFC Asian Cup.

2004 AFC Asian Cup
The 2004 AFC Asian Cup was the 13th edition of the men's AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). It was held from 17 July to 7 August 2004 in China. The defending champions Japan defeated China in the final in Beijing.

The tournament was marked by Saudi Arabia's unexpected failure to even make it out of the first round; a surprisingly good performance by Bahrain, which finished in fourth place; Jordan, which reached the quarterfinals in its first appearance and Indonesia, which gained their historical first Asian Cup win against Qatar. The final match between China and Japan was marked by post-match rioting by Chinese fans near the north gate of Beijing Workers' Stadium, in part due to controversial officiating and anti-Japanese sentiment resulting from historical tensions.
Poinsett County, Arkansas
Poinsett County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,965. The county seat is Harrisburg. Poinsett County is included in the Jonesboro–Paragould Combined Statistical Area.

Harrisburg, Arkansas
Harrisburg is a city in Poinsett County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 2,212 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Jonesboro, Arkansas Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is the county seat of Poinsett County.
Denis Khodykin
Denis Sergeevich Khodykin (Russian: Денис Сергеевич Ходыкин, born 6 July 1999) is a retired Russian pair skater. With his skating partner, Daria Pavliuchenko, he is the 2020 European bronze medalist, the 2019 Internationaux de France and 2019 Skate America silver medalist, and the 2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki and 2018 Rostelecom Cup bronze medalist. Earlier in their career, they won gold at the 2018 World Junior Championships and bronze at the 2017 Junior Grand Prix Final.

Aleksandr Galliamov
Aleksandr Romanovich Galliamov (Russian: Александр Романович Галлямов, Tatar: Александр Романович Галләмов, born 28 August 1999) is a Russian pair skater. With his skating partner, Anastasia Mishina, he is a 2022 Olympic pairs bronze medalist, 2022 Olympic bronze medalist in the team event, 2021 World champion, the 2022 European champion, the 2019–20 Grand Prix Final bronze medalist, a three-time Grand Prix event champion, and a three-time Russian national champion (2022, 2024-25). He is also the 2019 World Junior champion, the 2018 World Junior bronze medalist, 2018–19 Junior Grand Prix Final champion, and 2019 Russian national junior champion.

Mishina/Galliamov won the gold medal in their Worlds debut at the 2021 World Championships, becoming the second youngest pair to win the World Championships after Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei Grinkov.
Kimbolton, Cambridgeshire
Kimbolton (/ˈkɪm.boʊl.tən/; kim-BOWL-tən) is a town and civil parish in the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. Kimbolton is about 9 miles (14 km) west of Huntingdon and 14 miles (23 km) north of Bedford.

Kimbolton was also situated within historic Huntingdonshire when it was a county of England. The parish includes the hamlet of Stonely. Catherine of Aragon, after her divorce from Henry VIII, died at Kimbolton Castle in 1536.

Stonely
Stonely is a hamlet next to Kimbolton in Huntingdonshire district, Cambridgeshire, England. It is part of the civil parish of Kimbolton, which is served by Kimbolton and Stonely Parish Council. The hamlet was formerly the site of the Augustinian Stonely Priory. Stonely is designated as a conservation area. It has 17 listed buildings, including Kimbrook House and Stonely Grange.

The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TL109670.
Usk
Usk (Welsh: Brynbuga) is a town and community in Monmouthshire, Wales, 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Newport. It is located on the River Usk, which is spanned by an arched stone bridge at the western entrance to the town. Usk Castle, above the town, overlooks the ancient crossing point. It developed as a small market town, with some industry including the making of Japanware, and with a notable prison built in 1841–42. In recent years, Usk has become known for its history of success in Britain in Bloom competitions, winning the "Wales in Bloom" competition 35 times in a row between 1982 and 2016. The resident population of the town in 2011 was 2,834, decreasing to roughly 2,600 in 2021. 6.8% of the population are recorded as being able to speak Welsh.

Pontypool japan
Pontypool japan is a name given to the process of japanning with the use of an oil varnish and heat, which is credited to Thomas Allgood of Pontypool. In the late 17th century, during his search for a corrosion-resistant coating for iron, he developed a recipe that included asphaltum, linseed oil and burnt umber. Once applied to metal and heated the coating turned black and was extremely tough and durable.

Pontypool is in a steep valley in South Wales, surrounded by coal and iron working. The iron used was produced by the furnaces of Blaenavon to the north, and most of the "Pontypool ware" was actually produced in nearby Usk or Newport, at the southern end of the valley.
River Ingrebourne
The River Ingrebourne /ˈɪŋɡərˌbɔːrn/ is a tributary of the River Thames 27 miles (43.3 km) in length. It is considered a strategic waterway in London, forming part of the Blue Ribbon Network. It flows through the London Borough of Havering roughly from north to south, joining the Thames at Rainham.

Blue Ribbon Network
The Blue Ribbon Network is a policy element of the London Plan relating to the waterways of London, England.

Aside from the River Thames, the major components of the network are:

Grand Union Canal

Regent's Canal

River Lee Navigation

River Brent

River Roding

River Rom

River Crane

Beverley Brook

River Wandle

Ravensbourne River

Silk Stream

Pymmes Brook

Salmons Brook

Moselle Brook

Ingrebourne River

River Cray

The network also includes docks, reservoirs and lakes and covered over sections of rivers. The London Plan promotes the use of the waterways for leisure, passenger and tourist traffic, and the transport of freight and general goods. The canal part of the network makes up 90 kilometres (56 mi) of waterway. The London Waterways Commission advises the Mayor of London on the implementation of the waterways policies.
Nuclear War Survival Skills
Nuclear War Survival Skills or NWSS, by Cresson Kearny, is a civil defense manual.  It contains information gleaned from research performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory during the Cold War, as well as from Kearny's extensive jungle living and international travels.

Nuclear War Survival Skills aims to provide a general audience with advice on how to survive conditions likely to be encountered in the event of a nuclear catastrophe, as well as encouraging optimism in the face of such a catastrophe by asserting the survivability of a nuclear war.

The 2022 edition is entitled "Nuclear War Survival Skills Updated and Expanded 2022 Edition Regarding Ukraine Russia and the World: The Best Book on Any Nuclear Incident Ever ... New Methods and Tools As New Threat Emerge".

Cresson Kearny
Cresson Henry Kearny (/ˈkɑːrni/; (1914-01-07)January 7, 1914 – (2003-12-18)December 18, 2003) wrote several survival-related books based primarily on research performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Dustin Lynch
Dustin Charles Lynch (born May 14, 1985) is an American country music singer and songwriter, signed to Broken Bow Records. Lynch has released six albums and one EP for the label: a self-titled album in 2012, Where It's At in 2014, Current Mood in 2017, Tullahoma in 2020, Blue in the Sky in 2022 and Killed the Cowboy in 2023. He has also released seventeen singles, of which nine have reached number one on Country Airplay.

Where It's At (Dustin Lynch album)
Where It's At is the second studio album by American country music artist Dustin Lynch. It was released on September 9, 2014, by Broken Bow Records. Mickey Jack Cones produced 12 of the 15 songs with Brett Beavers and Luke Wooten co-producing 3 of the 15. Lynch co-wrote five of the album's fifteen tracks. The album's first single, "Where It's At", was released to country radio on March 31, 2014 and became his first number one single on the Country Airplay chart. The album's second single, "Hell of a Night", was released to country radio on November 3, 2014. and became his second number one single on the Country Airplay chart. The album's third single, "Mind Reader", was released to country radio on September 28, 2015, and became his third number one single on the Country Airplay chart.
Salles des Croisades
The Salles des Croisades ("Hall of Crusades") is a set of rooms located in the north wing of the Palace of Versailles.

The rooms were created in the mid-19th century by King Louis-Philippe for his museum of French history, and opened in 1843, at a time when France was seized with enthusiasm with its historical past, and especially the Crusades period. The rooms are filled with over 120 paintings related to the Crusades. King Louis-Philippe included the names of the thousands of family whose ancestors went to the Crusades, encouraging many forgeries at that time.

Musée de l'Histoire de France (Versailles)
The Musée de l'Histoire de France (French pronunciation: [myze d(ə) listwaʁ də fʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; "Museum of French History") is a museum that was created by King Louis Philippe I in the Palace of Versailles and opened in 1837. At the time, it represented an ambitious project of national reconciliation between the hitherto competing narratives of the French monarchy and the French Revolution, to which Louis-Philippe devoted significant personal attention. Whereas it gradually faded in importance as a museum in the later 19th century, its lavish historicist decoration remains a major exemplar of the art of France's July Monarchy.
Barham, New South Wales
Barham is a town in the western Riverina district of New South Wales, Australia.  The town is located 823 kilometres south west of the state capital, Sydney and  303 kilometres north west of Melbourne.  Situated on the banks of the Murray River across from Koondrook in the neighbouring state of Victoria, Barham had a population of 1,159 at the 2016 census.  The town is in the Murray River Council local government area.

Koondrook
Koondrook (/ˈkʊndrʊk/ KUUN-druuk) is a town situated on the Murray River, Victoria, Australia. The town is located in the Shire of Gannawarra local government area, 301 kilometres (187 mi) north west of the state capital, Melbourne. At the 2016 census, Koondrook had a population of 832.
St Thomas' Street, Oxford
St Thomas' Street is a historical street in central Oxford, England. It lies to the west of Oxford Castle, linking the Quaking Bridge, across Castle Mill Stream, to St Thomas' Church. The street connects to Tidmarsh Lane and Paradise Street, near the Quaking Bridge, and crosses Hollybush Row, near the St Thomas' Church.

The brewery and headquarters complex of Oxford brewers Morrells, known as the Lion Brewery, was located on St Thomas' Street from 1743 until it was closed in 1998 and the site redeveloped into an apartment complex in 2002. Although some of the buildings were demolished during this redevelopment, the entrance, offices, engine house, chimney and waterwheel have been retained.

The waterwheel at Lion Brewery was driven by the Wareham Stream, a side-stream of the Castle Mill Stream. St Thomas' Street passes over this stream on Bookbinders' Bridge.

Castle Mill Stream
Castle Mill Stream is a 5.5-kilometre (3.4 mi) long backwater of the River Thames in the west of Oxford, England.  It has its own secondary backwater, known as the Wareham Stream, that is 0.5 kilometres (0.31 mi) long.
Murat Reis Mosque
The Murat Reis Mosque (Greek: Τζαμί Μουράτ Ρέις, from Turkish: Murat Reis Camii) is a former mosque located within the old walled town of Rhodes, on the eponymous island, in the South Aegean region of southern Greece.

Completed in c. 1623 during the Ottoman era, the mosque was named in honour of Murat Reis the Elder, an important admiral of the Ottoman Navy. Abandoned in the 1940s, the former mosque remains intact, although it was in need of restoration and is not open for worship. It is notable for its unusual minaret design, a post-Ottoman addition that replaced the original structure when the island was under Italian administration after the Italo-Turkish War.

Murat Reis the Elder
Murat Reis the Elder (Turkish: Koca Murat Reis; Albanian: Murat Reis Plaku fl. 1534 – 1609) was an Ottoman privateer and admiral, who served in the Ottoman Navy. He is regarded as one of the most important Barbary corsairs.
Marshall University
Marshall University is a public research university in Huntington, West Virginia, United States.  It was founded in 1837 and is named after John Marshall, the fourth chief justice of the United States. The university is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Bill Noe Flight School
The Bill Noe Flight School is the flight school at Marshall University, located at the West Virginia Yeager International Airport in Charleston, West Virginia. The Bill Noe Flight School features a 12,000 sq ft. academic building, a hangar, and an aircraft parking apron.
Radical of an ideal
In ring theory, a branch of mathematics, the radical of an ideal  of a commutative ring is another ideal defined by the property that an element  is in the radical if and only if some power of  is in . Taking the radical of an ideal is called radicalization. A radical ideal (or semiprime ideal) is an ideal that is equal to its radical. The radical of a primary ideal is a prime ideal.

This concept is generalized to non-commutative rings in the semiprime ring article.

Prime ideal
In algebra, a prime ideal is a subset of a ring that shares many important properties of a prime number in the ring of integers. The prime ideals for the integers are the sets that contain all the multiples of a given prime number, together with the zero ideal.

Primitive ideals are prime, and prime ideals are both primary and semiprime.
Martin Puryear
Martin L. Puryear (born May 23, 1941) is an American artist known for his devotion to traditional craft. Working in a variety of media, but primarily wood, his reductive technique and meditative approach challenge the physical and poetic boundaries of his materials.

Puryear has participated in the Whitney Biennial three times and he has represented the United States multiple times with solo exhibitions at international biennials, including in 1989 at the São Paulo Biennial and in 2019 at the 58th Venice Biennale.

Liberty/Libertà
Martin Puryear: Liberty/Libertà is an art exhibition at the 2019 Venice Biennale's American pavilion featuring new works by sculptor Martin Puryear and curated by Brooke Kamin Rapaport. The Biennale is an international contemporary art biennial in which countries organize their own representation through national pavilions. Multiple journalists named the American pavilion an overall highlight of the Biennale.
David Ninov
Bishop David (Secular name: David Ninov; Cyrillic: Давид Нинов, born Janko Ninov (Јанко Нинов) on 27 July 1972) is an Eastern Orthodox titular Bishop of Dremvit and Auxiliary Bishop of the Ardi of Skopje of the Macedonian Orthodox Church. Formerly, he was titular Bishop of Stobi (2007–2023) of the Orthodox Ohrid Archbishopric, an autonomous church under the supreme jurisdiction of Serbian Orthodox Church. While bishop of Stobi, he was also administrator of the Eparchy of Strumica.

Orthodox Ohrid Archbishopric
The Orthodox Ohrid Archbishopric (OOA; Serbian and Macedonian: Православна охридска архиепископија (ПОА), Pravoslavna ohridska arhiepiskopija (POA)), also known as Orthodox Archdiocese of Ohrid, was an autonomous Eastern Orthodox archbishopric of the Serbian Orthodox Church (SOC) with jurisdiction over the territory of North Macedonia. Its creation was initiated in 2002 and formalized in 2005.

The Orthodox Ohrid Archbishopric was refused registration by the State Religion Commission of North Macedonia on the grounds that one group may be registered for each confession and that the name was not sufficiently distinct from that of the Macedonian Orthodox Church (MOC).

In 2023, after the reconciliation of the SOC and the MOC, the OOA was integrated into MOC.
Pulp mill
A pulp mill is a manufacturing facility that converts wood chips or other plant fiber sources into a thick fiber board which can be shipped to a paper mill for further processing. Pulp can be manufactured using mechanical, semi-chemical, or fully chemical methods. The aim of pulping is to break down the bulk structure of the fiber source, be it chips, stems or other plant parts, into the constituent fibers. Chemical pulping achieves this by degrading the lignin and hemicellulose into small, water-soluble molecules that can be washed away from the cellulose fibers without depolymerizing the cellulose fibers.

The earliest known methods for preparing pulp for paper making were water-powered, in 8th-century Samarkand, Abbasid Caliphate. Fibre source must be prepared before milling, which may occur in mechanical pulp mills, chemical pulp mills, or chemi-mechanical pulp mills.

Sulfite process
The sulfite process produces wood pulp that is almost pure cellulose fibers by treating wood chips with solutions of sulfite and bisulfite ions.  These chemicals cleave the bonds between the cellulose and lignin components of the lignocellulose.  A variety of sulfite/bisulfite salts are used, including  sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg2+), and ammonium (NH4+).  The lignin is converted to lignosulfonates, which are soluble and can be separated from the cellulose fibers.  For the production of cellulose, the sulfite process competes with the Kraft process which produces stronger fibers and is less environmentally costly.
House of Khalifa
The House of Khalifa (Arabic: آل خليفة, romanized: Āl Khalīfah) is the ruling family of the Kingdom of Bahrain. They profess Sunni Islam and belong to the Anizah tribe. Some members of this tribe joined the Utub alliance which migrated from Najd in central Arabia to Kuwait, then ruled all of Qatar, more specifically Al Zubarah, which they built and ruled over before settling in Bahrain in the early 17th century. The current head of the family is King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, who became the Emir of Bahrain in 1999 and proclaimed himself King of Bahrain in 2002, in fact becoming a constitutional monarch.

As of 2025, roughly half of the serving cabinet ministers of Bahrain were members of the Al Khalifa royal family, while the country's Prime Minister, Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, is also from the Al Khalifa family and is the son of the current King.

King of Bahrain
The King of the Kingdom of Bahrain (Arabic: ملك مملكة البحرين Malik Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn) is the monarch and head of state of the Kingdom of Bahrain. The House of Khalifa has been the ruling family of the country since the 1783 Arab invasion that led to the end of Persian rule in Bahrain. Between 1783 and 1971, the Bahraini monarch held the title of hakim, and, from 1971 until 2002, the title of emir. On 14 February 2002, the emir of Bahrain, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, declared Bahrain a kingdom and proclaimed himself the first king. The king enjoys wide-ranging powers, which include appointing the prime minister and the cabinet, holding supreme command over the Defence Force, chairing the Higher Judicial Council, appointing the parliament's upper house and dissolving its elected lower house.