hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walid Jumblatt
Walid Kamal Jumblatt (Arabic: وليد كمال جنبلاط, romanized: Walīd Kamāl Junblāṭṭ; born 7 August 1949) is a Lebanese politician, who was the leader of the Progressive Socialist Party from 1977 until 2023. A Druze and former militia commander, Jumblatt led the Lebanese National Resistance Front, allying with Amal, the Palestine Liberation Organisation, and Marada Brigade during the 1983-1990 phase of Lebanese Civil War. He worked closely with Suleiman Frangieh to oppose Amine Gemayel's rule as president during the Mountain War, consolidating his control of the Chouf. After the civil war, he initially supported Syria but later led an anti-Assad stance during the start of the Syrian Civil War. He is still active in politics, most recently leading his party, the Progressive Socialist Party (PSP) in the 2022 Lebanese general election.

Amal Movement
The Amal Movement (Arabic: حركة أمل, romanized: Ḥarakat Amal, lit. 'Hope Movement') is a Lebanese political party and militia affiliated mainly with the Shia community of Lebanon. It was founded by Musa al-Sadr and Hussein el-Husseini in 1974 as the "Movement of the Deprived." The party has been led by Nabih Berri since 1980.

The Amal movement gained attention from Shia outcry after the disappearance of Musa al-Sadr and saw a renewal in popularity after the 1978 South Lebanon conflict with Israel. The Iranian Revolution of 1979 also provided momentum for the party. The Amal Movement is the largest predominantly Shia party in parliament, having fourteen representatives to Hezbollah's thirteen. Amal has an alliance with Hezbollah.
Frederick C. Henderschott
Frederick Chauncey (Fred) Henderschott (February 12, 1870 – March 30, 1934) was an American journalist, educator, and executive at the New York Edison Company, and later American Management Association. Henderschott and Lee Galloway of the New York University are considered the prime movers of The National Association of Corporation Schools, predecessor of the American Management Association.

American Management Association
The American Management Association (AMA) is an American non-profit educational membership organization for the promotion of management, based in New York City. Besides its headquarters there, it has local head offices throughout the world.

It offers its members a wide range of training programs, seminars, conferences, studies, and publications, which cover topics as diverse as industrial or commercial management, artificial intelligence, communication, finance and accounting, human resources management, leadership, international management, marketing and sales.

As a corporate training and consulting group, it provides a variety of educational and management development services to businesses, government agencies, and individuals.
Pandanus utilis
Pandanus utilis, commonly known as common screwpine or pimento thatch, is a species of monocot in the genus Pandanus, native to the Mascarene Islands of  Mauritius, Rodrigues, and Réunion, and naturalised in Madagascar (where it has often been thought native), the Seychelles, and elsewhere.

Pandanus
Pandanus is a genus of monocots with about 578 accepted species. They are palm-like, dioecious trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics and subtropics. Common names include pandan, screw palm and screw pine. The genus is classified in the order Pandanales, family Pandanaceae, and is the largest in the family.
Estanislao
Cucunuchi (c. 1798 – 1838), baptized as Estanislao,  was an Indigenous alcalde of Mission San José and a member and leader of the Lakisamni tribe of the Yokuts people of northern California. He is famous for leading bands of armed Native Americans in revolt against the Mexican government and mission establishments.

Yokuts
The Yokuts (previously known as Mariposas) are an ethnic group of Native Americans native to central California. Before European contact, the Yokuts consisted of up to 60 tribes speaking several related languages. Yokuts is both plural and singular; Yokut, while common, is erroneous. Yokut should only be used when referring specifically to the Tachi Yokut Tribe of Lemoore. Some of their descendants prefer to refer to themselves by their respective tribal names; they reject the term Yokuts,' saying that it is an exonym invented by English-speaking settlers and historians. Conventional subgroupings include the Foothill Yokuts, Northern Valley Yokuts, and Southern Valley Yokuts.
Gluon condensate
In quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the gluon condensate is a non-perturbative property of the QCD vacuum which could be partly responsible for giving masses to light mesons.

If the gluon field tensor is represented as Gμν, then the gluon condensate is the vacuum expectation value . It is not clear yet whether this condensate is related to any of the known phase changes in quark matter. There have been scattered studies of other types of gluon condensates, involving a different number of gluon fields.

For more on the context in which this quantity occurs, see the article on the QCD vacuum.

QCD vacuum
The QCD vacuum is the quantum vacuum state of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). It is an example of a non-perturbative vacuum state, characterized by non-vanishing condensates such as the gluon condensate and the quark condensate in the complete theory which includes quarks. The presence of these condensates characterizes the confined phase of quark matter.
Premsela Dutch Platform for Design and Fashion
The Premsela Dutch Platform for Design and Fashion was a Dutch institute for the promotion of design and fashion in the Netherlands from 2002 to 2013.

This organization was named after Benno Premsela. It succeeded the Netherlands Design Institute and in 2013 merged into Het Nieuwe Instituut.

Netherlands Design Institute
The Netherlands Design Institute (Dutch: Nederlands Vormgevingsinstituut) is a former institute for the promotion of design in the Netherlands. It was located in the premises of the former Museum Fodor at Keizersgracht in Amsterdam. Its mission was to stimulate high quality design in the Netherlands, to stimulating the interest in it, and to encouraging discussion about the profession.

The organization was founded in 1993 and succeeded by the Premsela Dutch Platform for Design and Fashion ten years later in 2003. That in turn became part of Het Nieuwe Instituut in Rotterdam in 2013.
George Szatmári
George Szatmári de Alsóborsa (Hungarian: alsóborsai Szatmári György; c. 1457 – 7 April 1524) was the Primate of Hungary. He was Bishop of Veszprém from 1499 to 1501, of Várad (present-day Oradea in Romania) from 1501 to 1505, of Pécs from 1505 to 1522, and Archbishop of Esztergom from 1522 until his death.

Diocese of Pécs
The Diocese of Pécs (Hungarian: Pécsi Egyházmegye, Latin: Dioecesis Quinque Ecclesiensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic church in Hungary. The Cathedral of Pécs is dedicated to Saint Peter and Saint Paul.
Chimay Brewery
Chimay Brewery (Brasserie de Chimay) is a brewery at Scourmont Abbey, a Trappist monastery in Chimay, Hainaut, Belgium, one of the thirteen breweries worldwide that produce Trappist beer. They make four ales: Chimay Rouge, Chimay Bleue, Chimay Blanche, and Chimay 150; and one patersbier for the monks. The monastery also makes four varieties of cheese.

Trappist beer
Trappist beer is brewed by Trappist monks. Thirteen Trappist monasteries—six in Belgium, two in the Netherlands, and one each in Italy, England, France, and Spain— produce beer, but the Authentic Trappist Product label is assigned by the International Trappist Association (ITA) to just ten breweries that meet their strict criteria. As of 2021, Achel is no longer recognized as a Trappist brewery because it does not have any monks.
Luna Loud
Luna Loud is a fictional character in the American animated television series The Loud House and its resulting multimedia franchise. Voiced by Nika Futterman and portrayed by Sophia Woodward, she is the third child of the Loud family and a musician who owns and plays several instruments, including a purple Dean ML electric guitar, her signature instrument. In the episode "L is for Love", Luna is revealed to be attracted to her female classmate and friend Sam Sharp, which establishes Luna as LGBTQ.

Luna has been met with praise from critics and fans for being a positive representation of LGBTQ people.

L Is for Love
"L Is for Love" is the 75th overall episode of The Loud House, being the twenty-ninth episode of the second season in broadcast order and the second segment of the twelfth episode of the second season in production order. It first aired on June 15, 2017, and was directed by series creator Chris Savino and written by Kevin Sullivan, from a story by Darin McGowan. In this episode, the Loud siblings track down a secret admirer who has written several love letters addressed to a mysterious person labeled "L. Loud" in order to determine who the letters were for.

This episode is particularly notable for introducing the character of Sam Sharp, whom Luna is revealed to be attracted to, thereby making it the second episode of the series overall to establish an LGBTQ character, after the previous season's "Overnight Success".
Idnibba
Idnibba (Arabic: إدنبّة) was a Palestinian village, located at latitude 31.7426937N and longitude 34.8561001,E in the southern part of the Ramle Subdistrict. It was depopulated in 1948, at which time its population was 568, and its lands are now used by Kfar Menahem.

Kfar Menahem
Kfar Menahem (Hebrew: כְּפַר מְנַחֵם, lit. Menahem Village) is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located about 7 km east of Kiryat Malakhi, it falls under the jurisdiction of Yoav Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,371.
Luo Zhouhan
Luo Zhouhan (Chinese: 羅周翰), formally the Duke of Changsha (長沙公), was a teenage general of the Chinese state Later Liang of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He inherited Tianxiong Circuit (天雄, headquartered in modern Handan, Hebei) from his grandfather Luo Hongxin and father Luo Shaowei, who controlled Tianxiong in a semi-independent manner late in Later Liang's predecessor state Tang dynasty as military governor (Jiedushi). Luo Zhouhan, however, was in a position of weakness due to his young age after inheriting the circuit, and soon, the Later Liang general Yang Shihou, who had coveted Tianxiong, forcibly seized it. Luo was transferred to Xuanyi Circuit (宣義, headquartered in modern Anyang, Henan) and died there shortly after.

Luo Hongxin
Luo Hongxin (Chinese: 羅弘信) (836-898), courtesy name Defu (德孚), formally Prince Zhuangsu of Beiping (北平莊肅王), was a warlord in the late Tang dynasty, who controlled Weibo Circuit (魏博, headquartered in modern Handan, Hebei) as its military governor (Jiedushi) after seizing control in 888 after taking advantage of the soldiers' discontent with the prior military governor Le Yanzhen and Le's son Le Congxun (樂從訓).  He started a three-generation control by his family over Weibo (with his son Luo Shaowei and grandson Luo Zhouhan), spanning into the post-Tang Later Liang.
Sand Ridge State Forest
Sand Ridge State Forest is a conservation area located in the U.S. state of Illinois. Containing 7,200 acres (2,900 ha), it is the largest state forest in Illinois. It is located in northern Mason County. The nearest town is Manito, Illinois, and the nearest numbered highway is U.S. Highway 136. It is located on a low bluff, or "sand ridge", overlooking the Illinois River, hence the name.

Mason County, Illinois
Mason County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 13,086. Its county seat is Havana. The county is named in honor of George Mason, a member of the Virginia legislature who campaigned for the adoption of the United States Bill of Rights.
Asahifuji Seiya
Asahifuji Seiya (旭富士 正也; born Seiya Suginomori (杉野森 正也) on July 6, 1960) is a Japanese former professional sumo wrestler from Aomori. He joined professional sumo in 1981, reaching the top makuuchi division just two years later. He reached the second highest rank of ōzeki in 1987 and became the 63rd yokozuna in the history of the sport in 1990 at the age of 30. He won four tournaments and was a runner-up on nine other occasions. He retired in 1992 and was the stablemaster of Isegahama stable from 1993 until 2025. As a coach he has produced two yokozuna, Harumafuji and Terunofuji.

Isegahama stable (2007)
Isegahama stable (伊勢ヶ濱部屋, Isegahama-beya), formerly known as Ajigawa stable from 1979 to 2007, is a stable of sumo wrestlers, part of the Isegahama ichimon or group of stables. Its current head coach is former yokozuna Terunofuji.

Following the transfer of Miyagino stable's wrestlers and staff in March 2024, the stable's numbers climbed to become the most populous stable in the sport. As of May 2025, the stable had 37 wrestlers.
Macaron
A macaron (/ˌmækəˈrɒn/ MAK-ə-RON, French: [makaʁɔ̃] ⓘ)
or French macaroon (/ˌmækəˈruːn/ MAK-ə-ROON)

is a sweet meringue-based confection made with egg white, icing sugar, granulated sugar, almond meal, and often food colouring.

Since the 19th century, a typical Parisian-style macaron has been a sandwich cookie filled with a ganache, buttercream or jam. As baked, the circular macaron displays a smooth, square-edged top, a ruffled circumference—referred to as the "crown" or "foot" (or "pied")—and a flat base. It is mildly moist and easily melts in the mouth. Macarons can be found in a wide variety of flavours that range from traditional sweet such as raspberry or chocolate to savoury (as a foie gras).

Sandwich cookie
A sandwich cookie (US and Canada), also known as a sandwich biscuit (UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa), is a type of cookie made from two cookies with a filling between them. Typically the hard, thin cookies known as biscuits outside North America are used, though some sandwich cookies use softer or thicker cookies. Many types of fillings are used, such as cream, ganache, buttercream, chocolate, cream cheese, jam, peanut butter, lemon curd, or ice cream.

Though they can be homemade, sandwich cookies are typically mass-produced and sold commercially. The sandwich biscuit market in Europe alone is worth over €1.6 billion a year, with Germany a consistently large consumer. Round sandwich biscuit varieties are more popular throughout Europe than squares, while the square varieties are more popular in Southern Europe than in the rest of the continent.
William Wadsworth (general)
William Wadsworth (1765 in Durham, Connecticut – 15 February 1833 in Geneseo, New York) was an officer in the New York State militia, before and during the War of 1812. As a Brigadier General, he commanded the New York militia contingent in the American army at the Battle of Queenston Heights. He waived his right to command over Lieutenant Colonel Winfield Scott, of the United States Army. During the battle, he faced the British at all times so he would not be shot in the back and appear to be cowardly. Waving his sword and swearing at the troops back across the river, hoping to instill the fighting spirit in them, he made a genuine but vain attempt to get the militia to cross and reinforce their position.

At the end of the battle, Wadsworth was taken prisoner when the American force, cut off on the Canadian side of the Niagara River, surrendered to avoid a massacre by Indians under John Brant attached to the British force.

Geneseo, New York
Geneseo /ˌdʒɛnɪˈsiːoʊ/ is a town in Livingston County in the Finger Lakes region of New York, United States. It is at the south end of the five-county Rochester Metropolitan Area. The population of the town was 10,483 at the 2010 census.

The English name "Geneseo" is an anglicization of the Seneca name for the earlier Seneca town there, Jo’néhsiyoh, meaning "Good sand there." The village of Geneseo lies within the western portion of the town. The village and town are known today mainly as the home of the State University of New York at Geneseo.
Karl Wallenda
Karl Wallenda (/wɔːˈlɛndə/; January 21, 1905 – March 22, 1978) was a German-American high wire artist.  He was the founder of The Flying Wallendas, a daredevil circus troupe whose members performed dangerous stunts far above the ground, often without a safety net.

Tightrope walking
Tightrope walking, also called funambulism, is the skill of walking along a thin wire or rope. It has a long tradition in various countries and is commonly associated with the circus. Other skills similar to tightrope walking include slack rope walking and slacklining.
Barvaux-sur-Ourthe
Barvaux-sur-Ourthe (French pronunciation: [baʁvo syʁ uʁt], lit. 'Barvaux on Ourthe'; Walloon: Barvea-so-Oûte) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Durbuy, located in the province of Luxembourg, Belgium. 
It is situated on the Ourthe river, in the Ardennes forest in eastern Belgium. It is a former municipality.

With a traditional farming history going back hundreds of years, after World War II it became a vibrant tourist destination, often visited in conjunction with Durbuy, the so-called smallest city in the world.

Barvaux has a railway station which is on the line running between Liège and Marloie via Marche-en-Famenne. Along the line to the south-west is the station of Melreux-Hotton and to the north-east is the station of Bomal.

50°21′02″N 5°29′37″E﻿ / ﻿50.35058°N 5.49357°E﻿ / 50.35058; 5.49357

Durbuy
Durbuy (French pronunciation: [dyʁ.bɥi] ⓘ; Walloon: Derbu) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Luxembourg, Belgium.

The total area is 156.61 km2, consisting of the following districts: Barvaux, Bende, Bomal, Borlon, Durbuy, Grandhan, Heyd, Izier, Septon, Tohogne, Villers-Sainte-Gertrude, and Wéris.

On 1 January 2018 the municipality had 11,374 inhabitants with the most populous town of the municipality being Barvaux. Durbuy, for commercial reasons, often calls itself the world's smallest city, although Belgium's official smallest city, since 2006, is Mesen.
Dave Hewson (composer)
David Graham Hewson (born 25 November 1953 in Wandsworth, London, England) is a British composer of scores for television and films. His work includes a collaboration to develop scores for ITV News. Hewson works from his composing studio in East Sussex. At Trinity College of Music, Hewson was a pupil of Richard Arnell. They worked together on films including Dilemma (1981), Doctor in the Sky (1984), Toulouse-Lautrec (1986), and The Light of the World (1989). Hewson has written several works with Brian Sibley.

Richard Arnell
Richard Anthony Sayer Arnell (15 September 1917 – 10 April 2009) was an English composer of classical music. Arnell composed in all the established genres for the concert stage, and his list of works includes six completed symphonies and six string quartets. At the Trinity College of Music, he "promoted a pioneering interest in film scores and electronic music" and jazz.
Free Destourian Party
The Free Destourian Party (Arabic: الحزب الدستوري الحر al-Ḥizb ad-Dustūrī al-Ḥurr, lit. 'Free Constitutional Party'; French: Parti destourien libre, PDL), known as the Destourian Movement (Arabic: الحركة الدستورية al-Ḥaraka ad-Dustūrīya) until August 2016, is a Tunisian political party founded by former members of Tunisia's pre-revolution ruling party, the Constitutional Democratic Rally. In the 2014 presidential election, the Destourian Movement nominated Abderrahim Zouari, Minister of Transport from 2004 to 2011, as a candidate. The party is now led by the lawyer and MP Abir Moussi. Since the beginning of 2020, the party has led in all opinion polls for the next Tunisian general elections, and Moussi is consistently placed second after the incumbent president Kais Saied. On October 3, 2023, Moussi was arrested in a series of political arrests and a crackdown on the opposition launched by president Saied.

2014 Tunisian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Tunisia on 23 November 2014, a month after parliamentary elections. They were the first free and fair presidential elections since the country gained independence in 1956, and the first direct presidential elections after the Tunisian Revolution of 2011 and the adoption of a new Constitution in January 2014.

As no candidate won a majority in the first round, a second round between incumbent Moncef Marzouki and Nidaa Tounes candidate Beji Caid Essebsi took place on 21 December. Official results released on 22 December showed that Essebsi won the elections with 56% of the vote.
Ostholstein
Ostholstein (German pronunciation: [ˈɔsthɔlʃtaɪn] ⓘ, lit. 'East Holstein'; Danish: Østholsten) is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by (from the southwest and clockwise) the districts of Stormarn, Segeberg and Plön, the Baltic Sea and the city of Lübeck. Geographically, the district covers the vast majority of what is considered to be the peninsular of Wagria.

Wagria
Wagria (German: Wagrien, Waierland or Wagerland) is the northeastern part of Holstein in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein, corresponding roughly to the districts of Plön and Ostholstein.  The word "Wagria" is derived from the Slavic Lechites tribe of Wagri.
1997–98 Honduran Liga Nacional
In 1997–98 the Honduran Liga Nacional brought a new competition system; the league would be now divided into two tournaments (Apertura and Clausura), having C.D. Motagua won their 6th and 7th title in this new format. The tournament lasted from August 1997 to October 1998 and it consisted of 11 teams for the first time since the 1981–82 season.  The final match was played in the evening of 25 October, just a few hours before Hurricane Mitch landed in the coasts of Honduras.

F.C. Motagua
Club de Fútbol Motagua (Spanish pronunciation: [moˈtaɣwa]), formerly Club Deportivo Motagua up to 2017, is a professional association football club, located in Tegucigalpa, capital of Honduras.

F.C. Motagua was founded as Club Deportivo Motagua on 29 August 1928. The club competes in the Honduran top division playing its home games at the Estadio Nacional Chelato Uclés. The club is one of the most successful and renowned in Honduras.
Battle of Ölper (1809)
The Battle of Ölper took place on 1 August 1809 in Ölper, currently a district of the town of Brunswick, as part of the War of the Fifth Coalition. It pitched troops of the Kingdom of Westphalia against the Black Brunswickers under Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, but ended in a tactical draw.

Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (German: Friedrich Wilhelm; 9 October  1771 – 16 June 1815), was a German prince and Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Oels.  Nicknamed "The Black Duke", he was a military officer who led the Black Brunswickers against French domination in Germany. He briefly ruled the state of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1806 to 1807 and again from 1813 to 1815.
Beer in Belgium
Beer in Belgium includes abbey beers, lambics, pilsners, Flemish red ales, sour brown ales, strong ales, Wheat beers and others. As of 2024, there were 411 breweries in Belgium, ranging from international companies, such as AB InBev to traditional breweries, like Trappist monasteries to microbreweries. Correspondingly, the number of Belgian breweries continues to grow, with over 1,600 unique Belgian beers available. On average, Belgians drink 68 litres of beer each year, down from around 200 each year in 1900. In 2024, this amounts to a total consumption of approximately 6.4 million hectoliters, representing around 30% of Belgium’s total beer production. Most beers are bought or served in reusable bottles, rather than cans, and virtually every beer has its own branded, sometimes uniquely shaped, glass. In 2016, UNESCO inscribed Belgian beer culture on their list of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity.

Wheat beer
Wheat beer is a top-fermented beer which is brewed with a large proportion of wheat relative to the amount of malted barley. The two main varieties are German Weizenbier and Belgian witbier; other types include Lambic (made with wild yeast), Berliner Weisse (a cloudy, sour beer), and Gose (a sour, salty beer).