hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rancho Napa
Rancho Napa was a  22,718-acre (91.94 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Napa County, California given in 1838  by Governor Juan Alvarado to Salvador Vallejo.  The grant extends along the Napa Valley, north of present-day Napa.

Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo
Don Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo (July 7, 1807 – January 18, 1890) was a Californio general, statesman, and public figure. He was born a subject of Spain, performed his military duties as an officer of the Republic of Mexico, and shaped the transition of Alta California from a territory of Mexico to the U.S. state of California. He served in the first session of the California State Senate. The city of Vallejo, California, is named after him, and the nearby city of Benicia is named after his wife Francisca Benicia Carrillo.
Al-Allama al-Hilli
Jamāl ad-Dīn al-Ḥasan ibn Yūsuf ibn ʿAli ibn al-Muṭahhar al-Ḥillī (Arabic: جمال الدين الحسن بن يوسف بن علي بن مطهّر الحلي; December 1250 – December 1325), known by the honorific title al-Allāmah al-Ḥillī (Arabic: العلامة الحلي, "The Sage of Hillah") was a Twelver Shi'i Muslim scholar, jurist, and theologian of Iraqi Arab descent, widely regarded as one of the most influential Shīʿī authorities of his time. He was an expert in Twelver theology, a pioneering mujtahid, and the first scholar to be referred by the title "Ayatullah".

According to Al-Hurr al-Amili, his works were enumerated as many as sixty-seven times in bibliographical records. He lived during the time of the Mongol Ilkhanate rule over Iraq and Iran and significantly influenced the Ilkhan ruler Öljaitü, who converted to Shīʿī Islam after 1310. Al-Ḥillī is considered one of the first scholars to have successfully promoted and institutionalized Shīʿī Islam in Iran.

Öljaitü
Öljaitü, also known as Mohammad-e Khodabandeh (24 March 1282 – 16 December 1316), was the eighth Ilkhanid dynasty ruler from 1304 to 1316 in Tabriz, Iran. His name 'Öjaitü' means 'blessed' in the Mongolian language and his last name 'Khodabandeh' means 'God's servant' in the Persian language.

He was the son of the Ilkhan ruler Arghun, brother and successor of Mahmud Ghazan (5th successor of Genghis Khan), and great-grandson of the Ilkhanate founder Hulegu Khan.
Bohemian Club
The Bohemian Club is a private club with two locations: a city clubhouse in the Nob Hill district of San Francisco, California, and the Bohemian Grove, a retreat north of the city in Sonoma County. Founded in 1872 from a regular meeting of journalists, artists, and musicians, it soon began to accept businessmen and entrepreneurs as permanent members, as well as offering temporary membership to university presidents (notably Berkeley and Stanford) and military commanders who were serving in the San Francisco Bay Area. The bohemian grove has been the catalyst of many backdoor deals, including Reagan's 1981 cut to capital gains tax, 1983 social security cuts, and a lucrative rebuilding contract for the War in Iraq. Today, the club has a membership of many local and global leaders, including artists, musicians, businessmen, and politicians.  Membership remains restricted to men only.

Bohemian Grove
The Bohemian Grove is a private campground covering 2,700 acres (1,100 ha) in Monte Rio, California. Founded in 1878, it is owned by a private gentlemen's club called the Bohemian Club. Each year in mid-July, the Bohemian Grove hosts an annual gathering lasting more than two weeks, attended by invited members and guests from politics, business, and the arts.
Oil India FC
Oil India Football Club, also known as Oil India Limited FC or simply Oil India FC, is an Indian institutional football club based in Duliajan, Assam. The club was founded by Oil India in 1964. It also participated in I-League 2nd Division, then second tier football tournament of Indian football league system, for three seasons.

Oil India FC was nominated by the Assam Football Association for 2021 I-League Qualifiers, but didn't make it to the final list approved by the AIFF. The club is a regular participant in major tournaments of the state include Guwahati Premier Football League, Bordoloi Trophy, All India Independence Day Cup, ATPA Shield and Oil India Gold Cup. It previously competed in the top division Assam State Premier League.

Oil India Challenge Gold Cup
The Oil India Challenge Gold Cup is an invitational football tournament in India, held in Duliajan, Assam and organised by Oil India annually under the supervision of Assam Football Association. The tournament was incorporated in 2005.

The 8th edition of the Oil India Challenge Gold Cup football tournament will be held from October 21, 2025.
Szolnok-Doboka County
Szolnok-Doboka was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in northern Romania (northern Transylvania). The capital of the county was Dés (now Dej, Romania).

Dej
Dej (Romanian pronunciation: [deʒ]; Hungarian: Dés; German: Desch, Burglos; Yiddish: דעעש Desh) is a municipality in Transylvania, Romania, 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Cluj-Napoca, in Cluj County. It lies where the river Someșul Mic meets the river Someșul Mare. The city administers four villages: Ocna Dejului (Désakna), Peștera (Pestes), Pintic (Oláhpéntek), and Șomcutu Mic (Kissomkút).

The city lies at the crossroads of important railroads and highways linking it to Cluj-Napoca, Baia Mare, Satu Mare, Deda, Bistrița, and Vatra Dornei.
RDX
RDX (Research Department Explosive or Royal Demolition Explosive), or hexogen, also known by other names, is an organic compound with the formula (CH2N2O2)3. It is white, odorless, tasteless, and widely used as an explosive. Chemically, it is classified as a nitroamine alongside HMX, which is a more energetic explosive than trinitrotoluene (TNT). It was used widely in World War II and remains common in military applications.  It is lower performing and more toxic than modern replacements like TKX-50.

RDX is often used in mixtures with other explosives and plasticizers or phlegmatizers (desensitizers); it is the explosive agent in C-4 plastic explosive and a key ingredient in Semtex. It is stable in storage and is considered one of the most energetic and brisant of the military high explosives, with a relative effectiveness factor of 1.60.

TNT
Trinitrotoluene (/traɪˌnaɪtroʊˈtɒljuːˌiːn, -jəˌwiːn/ try-NY-troh-TOL-yoo-een, -⁠yə-ween), more commonly known as TNT (and more specifically 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and by its preferred IUPAC name 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene), is a chemical compound with the formula C6H2(NO2)3CH3. TNT is occasionally used as a reagent in chemical synthesis, but it is best known as an explosive material with convenient handling properties.  The explosive yield of TNT is considered to be the standard comparative convention of bombs and asteroid impacts. In chemistry, TNT is used to generate charge transfer salts.
Putnam County, Tennessee
Putnam County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 79,854. Its county seat is Cookeville. Putnam County is part of the Cookeville, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Overton County, Tennessee
Overton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,511. Its county seat is Livingston. Overton County is part of the Cookeville, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Riverside Plaza (Chicago)
The Riverside Plaza is an Art Deco style building at 2 North Riverside Plaza in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It was originally known as the Chicago Daily News Building. At the time of its completion in 1929, the Daily News was one of the dominant newspapers in Chicago. The first building in the United States to develop the "air-rights" over railroad tracks, the 26-story building helped revitalize the south central Chicago River from industrial transport to urban office corridor and made innovations in engineering and urban design.

Air rights
In real estate, air rights are the property interest in the "space" above the Earth's surface. Generally speaking, owning or renting land or a building includes the right to use and build in the space above the land without interference by others.

This legal concept is encoded in the Latin phrase Cuius est solum, eius est usque ad coelum et ad inferos ("Whoever owns the soil, it is theirs up to Heaven and down to Hell."), which appears in medieval Roman law and is credited to 13th-century glossator Accursius; it was notably popularized in common law in Commentaries on the Laws of England (1766) by William Blackstone; see origins of phrase for details. In the 20th century, the splitting of air-rights from the underlying property became an important issue for property development, particularly for skyscrapers in some crowded cities.
Sarah Hendrickson
Sarah Catherine Hendrickson (born August 1, 1994) is an American retired ski jumper. She won the inaugural women's World Cup season in 2012, finished runner-up in 2013, and won an individual gold medal at the 2013 World Championships.

2011–12 FIS Ski Jumping World Cup
The 2011–12 FIS Ski Jumping World Cup was the 33rd World Cup season in ski jumping for men, the 15th official World Cup season in ski flying and the 1st World Cup season in history for women, who previously competed only in the Continental Cup.

The men's World Cup began on 27 November 2011 in Kuusamo, Finland and ended on 18 March 2012 in Planica, Slovenia. Women's World Cup began on 3 December 2011 in Lillehammer, Norway and ended on 9 March 2012 in Oslo, Norway.

26 men's individual events on 18 different venues in 10 countries and 13 women's individual events on 7 different venues in 7 countries had been organised on two different continents (Europe and Asia). There were also 6 men's team events. 2 individual events (1 men, 1 women) were cancelled. And 6 events (2 men's individual, 2 Men's team and 2 women's individual) were rescheduled.

Peaks of the season were FIS Ski Flying World Championships, the Four Hills Tournament and FIS Team Tour.
Randy Crawford
Veronica "Randy" Crawford (born February 18, 1952) is an American retired jazz and R&B singer. She has been more successful in Europe than in the United States, where she has not entered the Billboard Hot 100 as a solo artist. However, she has appeared on the Hot 100 singles chart twice. The first time was in 1979 as a guest vocalist on the Crusaders' top-40 hit "Street Life". She also dueted with Rick Springfield on the song "Taxi Dancing", which hit number 59 as the B-side of Springfield's hit "Bop Til You Drop". She has had five top-20 hits in the UK, including her 1980 number-two hit, "One Day I'll Fly Away", as well as six UK top-10 albums. Despite her American nationality, she won Best British Female Solo Artist in recognition of her popularity in the UK at the 1982 Brit Awards. In the late 2000s, she received her first two Grammy Award nominations.

The Crusaders (jazz fusion group)
The Crusaders (formerly known as The Jazz Crusaders) were an American jazz/jazz fusion group performing from the 1960s to the 2010s. Known firstly from their 1960 inception as the Jazz Crusaders they eventually renamed themselves in 1971 to simply the Crusaders. A wide range of genres such as Jazz, R&B, Jazz-rock, the Blues and Jazz-funk are cohesively featured on the group's albums. The Crusaders have also copped a total of nine Grammy nominations.
A Boy and His Dog (1975 film)
A Boy and His Dog is a 1975 American science fiction black comedy film directed by L. Q. Jones, from a screenplay by Jones based on the 1969 novella of the same title by fantasy author Harlan Ellison. The film stars Don Johnson, Susanne Benton, Alvy Moore, and Jason Robards. It was independently produced and distributed by Jones' company LQ/Jaf Productions. The film's storyline concerns a teenage boy, Vic, and his telepathic dog, Blood, who work together as a team in order to survive in the dangerous post-apocalyptic wasteland of the Southwestern United States. Shout! Factory released the film on DVD and Blu-ray in August 2013.

A Boy and His Dog
A Boy and His Dog is a cycle of narratives by author Harlan Ellison. The cycle tells the story of an amoral boy (Vic) and his telepathic dog (Blood), who work together as a team to survive in the post-apocalyptic world after a nuclear war. The original 1969 novella was adapted into the 1975 film A Boy and His Dog directed by L.Q. Jones.

Both the story and the film were well-received by critics and science fiction fans, but the film was not successful commercially. The original novella was followed by short stories and a graphic novel.
Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore
The Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore (AVA) was a statutory board under the Ministry of National Development that regulated food safety, safeguarded animal and plant health, and facilitated the agri-food and fisheries trade sectors. AVA was disbanded on 1 April 2019, with duties being transferred to other statutory boards, Singapore Food Agency, National Environment Agency, Health Sciences Authority, and National Parks Board.

Health Sciences Authority
The Health Sciences Authority (HSA)  is a statutory board under the Ministry of Health of the Government of Singapore. It is a multi-disciplinary agency responsible for applying medical, pharmaceutical, and scientific expertise to protect and advance public health and safety.

The organisation serves three key functions: it is the national regulator for health products; it secures the national blood supply through its operation of the national blood bank and management of transfusion medicine standards; and it represents the national expertise in forensic medicine, forensic science and analytical chemistry testing capabilities. These support other regulatory and compliance agencies in the administration of justice and in safeguarding public health.
Yam (vegetable)
Yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus Dioscorea (family Dioscoreaceae) that form edible tubers (some other species in the genus being toxic).

Yams are perennial herbaceous vines native to Africa, Asia, and the Americas and cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in many temperate and tropical regions. The tubers themselves, also called "yams", come in a variety of forms owing to numerous cultivars and related species.

Dioscorea alata
Dioscorea alata – also called ube, ubi, uwhi, purple yam, or greater yam, among many other names – is a species of yam (a tuber). The tubers are usually a vivid violet-purple to bright lavender (hence the common name), but some range from creamy-white to plain white. It is sometimes confused with taro and the Okinawa sweet potato beniimo (紅芋) (Ipomoea batatas 'Ayamurasaki'), however D. alata is also grown in Okinawa. Its origins are in the Asian and Oceanian tropics. Some varieties attain to great size. A "Mambatap" greater yam grown in Maprik, East Sepik District, Papua New Guinea  around 1939 was 3.5 m (11 ft) in length.
Skew-symmetric graph
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, a skew-symmetric graph is a directed graph that is isomorphic to its own transpose graph, the graph formed by reversing all of its edges, under an isomorphism that is an involution without any fixed points.  Skew-symmetric graphs are identical to the double covering graphs of bidirected graphs.

Skew-symmetric graphs were first introduced under the name of antisymmetrical digraphs by Tutte (1967), later as the double covering graphs of polar graphs by Zelinka (1976b), and still later as the double covering graphs of bidirected graphs by Zaslavsky (1991). They arise in modeling the search for alternating paths and alternating cycles in algorithms for finding matchings in graphs, in testing whether a still life pattern in Conway's Game of Life may be partitioned into simpler components, in graph drawing, and in the implication graphs used to efficiently solve the 2-satisfiability problem.

Matching (graph theory)
In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, a matching or independent edge set in an undirected graph is a set of edges without common vertices. In other words, a subset of the edges is a matching if each vertex appears in at most one edge of that matching.

Finding a largest matching in a bipartite graph can be treated as a network flow problem.  Finding a largest matching in a general graph is much more difficult; it can be done using Edmonds' blossom algorithm.
Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center
Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center (Chinese: 臺北南港展覽館; pinyin: Táiběi Nángǎng Zhǎnlǎnguǎn), also known as TWTC Nangang Exhibition Hall or TaiNEX, is a superimposed purpose-built exhibition complex in Nangang District, Taipei, Taiwan. It consists of two exhibition halls and is located to the northeast of the Taipei World Trade Center (TWTC), about a 15-minute drive from the TWTC along the Huandong Expressway.

Taipei World Trade Center
The Taipei World Trade Center (TWTC; Chinese: 臺北世界貿易中心; pinyin: Táiběi Shìjiè Màoyì Zhōngxīn) was inaugurated in January 1986 by Taiwan's foremost trade promotion organization, the Taiwan External Trade Development Council (TAITRA), to provide a single, modern venue that would combine exhibition space, conference facilities, offices, and hotel accommodation for international business. TWTC combines every possible service that brings together a vast consulting service on trade-related issues, trading partners, suppliers, and markets.

This four-in-one complex, located in the city's Xinyi District, is designed to accommodate the needs of the international business community, which is why there is not just one, but four structures at the TWTC. The Exhibition Hall, International Convention Center, TWTC International Trade Building and Grand Hyatt Taipei, all comprise one integrated business complex.
Wendy Saddington
Wendy June Saddington (26 September 1949 – 21 June 2013), also known as Gandharvika Dasi, was an Australian blues, soul and jazz singer, and was in the bands Chain, Copperwine and the Wendy Saddington Band. She wrote for teen pop newspaper Go-Set from September 1969 to September 1970 as an agony aunt in her weekly "Takes Care of Business" column, and as a feature writer. Saddington had Top 30 chart success with her 1972 solo single "Looking Through a Window", which was written and produced by Billy Thorpe and Warren Morgan of the Aztecs. After adopting Krishna Consciousness in the 1970s she took the name Gandharvika Dasi. In March 2013 she was diagnosed with oesophageal cancer and died in June, aged 63.

Billy Thorpe and the Aztecs
Billy Thorpe and the Aztecs were an Australian rock band formed in Sydney, New South Wales, in 1963. They were active in two incarnations, the first as a beat band from 1963–1967, and as a hard rock band from 1968 to 1973. They emerged in 1964 with their cover of "Poison Ivy", which kept the Beatles from the top spot of the Sydney charts during the latter's Australian tour. They enjoyed further success through 1965 when the original members quit after a financial dispute.

After a brief solo career, Thorpe resurrected the Aztecs name in 1968 with a new line-up and a heavier rock direction influenced by guitarist Lobby Loyde. By the 1970s, the new Aztecs had become one of the most popular hard rock bands in the country with appearances at the Sunbury Pop Festival and hit songs such as "Most People I Know (Think That I'm Crazy)", before disbanding in 1973. Thorpe died from a heart attack in Sydney on 28 February 2007.
University of California College of the Law, San Francisco
The University of California College of the Law, San Francisco (UC Law SF or UC Law) is a public law school in San Francisco. Formerly known as the University of California, Hastings College of the Law (UC Hastings), the school was founded in 1878 by Serranus Clinton Hastings, the first chief justice of the Supreme Court of California. It was the first law school of the University of California and one of the first law schools established in California. Although part of the University of California, UC Law SF is not directly governed by the Regents of the University of California.

Supreme Court of California
The Supreme Court of California is the highest and final court of appeals in the courts of the U.S. state of California. It is headquartered in San Francisco at the Earl Warren Building, but it regularly holds sessions in Los Angeles and Sacramento. Its decisions are binding on all other California state courts.  Since 1850, the court has issued many influential decisions in a variety of areas including torts, property, civil and constitutional rights, and criminal law.
Brent West
Brent West is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. Created as a result of the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, Barry Gardiner of the Labour Party has been its MP since the 2024 general election. Gardiner represented the predecessor seat of Brent North from 1997 to 2024.

Brent North
Brent North was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 1997 until its abolition for the 2024 general election by Barry Gardiner of the Labour Party.

Under the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the majority of the constituency was incorporated into the new seat of Brent West, with some parts going to the new seat of Brent East and the existing seat of Harrow East.
Lysa Hora (Kyiv)
50°23′40.03″N 30°32′41.48″E﻿ / ﻿50.3944528°N 30.5448556°E﻿ / 50.3944528; 30.5448556
The Lysa Hora (Ukrainian: Лиса Гора [ˈlɪsɐ ɦɔˈrɑ]); (lit. 'Bald Mountain' meaning barren, or featureless, mountain) is a large wooded hill in the Ukrainian capital Kyiv, near the confluence of the Dnipro and Lybid' rivers. The hill is now a nature reserve included in the Kyiv Fortress museum.

The mount supposedly takes its name from the fact that its top was (some slopes of the hill are still) not covered by trees. The mount is located in the Holosiiv Municipal District of Kyiv.

According to the Slavic legends, the Lysa Hora hill is the largest and most famous location of the mystical "bald mountain" — a traditional site of the witch gatherings. Particularly, it is asserted in the works of the Ukrainian writer Nikolai Gogol, as well as in Night on Bald Mountain, the 1867 composition by Modest Mussorgsky in which St. John sees a witches' Sabbath on the mountain.

Bald Mountain (folklore)
Bald Mountain, also called Lysa Hora or Łysa Góra,  (Polish: Łysa Góra, Ukrainian: Лиса гора, Lysa hora; Russian: Лысая гора, Lysaya gora) is a location in Slavic folk mythology related to witchcraft. According to legends, witches periodically gather on the "bald mountains" for the Witches' Sabbath.

The exact origins and factual evidences of the concept are unclear. Notable "bald mountains" include the Łysa Góra in Poland,  Lysa Hora and Zamkova Hora hills in Kyiv, Ukraine.
Heiðmörk
Heiðmörk (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈheiðˌmœr̥k]) was proclaimed a municipal conservation area of Reykjavík in 1950. It is located southeast of Elliðavatn, Iceland, and is about 6 miles (9.7 km) from the city of Reykjavík. Its name is derived from its namesake in Norway, Hedmark (Icelandic: Heiðmörk; both derive from the Old Norse Heiðmǫrk [ˈhɛiðˌmɔrk]), an area with deep forests.

The total area of the conservation area is 3,200 hectares (7,900 acres). It is a popular recreational area in Iceland. Heiðmörk is where Reykjavík's water reservoirs and drinking water wells are located.

Rauðhólar are a notable natural formation of Heiðmörk, a cluster of red coloured pseudocraters.

Rauðhólar (Reykjavík)
The Rauðhólar (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈrœyðˌhouːlar̥]) are remnants of a cluster of rootless cones in Elliðaárhraun [ˈɛtlɪːðaˌaur̥ˌr̥œyːn] lava fields on the south-eastern outskirts of Reykjavík, Iceland next to the South Iceland part of Hringvegur, the Suðurlandsvegur.