hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nnamdi Azikiwe Stadium
Nnamdi Azikiwe Stadium nicknamed The Cathedral is a multi-purpose stadium in Enugu, Nigeria.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Enugu Rangers. The stadium has a capacity of 22,000  and it was named after the first president of the Republic of Nigeria, Nnamdi Azikiwe. He served as the first president of Nigeria in the 1960s.

Rangers International F.C.
6°26′39″N 7°29′47″E﻿ / ﻿6.44427°N 7.49630°E﻿ / 6.44427; 7.49630

Rangers International Football Club, commonly known as Enugu Rangers, is a Nigerian professional association football club founded in 1970. Based in Enugu, the team plays its home games at the Nnamdi Azikiwe Stadium.

Rangers are one of the oldest clubs in Nigeria and are the only club never to have been relegated from the Nigeria Premier League. Established after the Nigerian Civil War, they quickly became successful, winning multiple league and FA Cup titles in the 1970s and 1980s.

Internationally, Rangers reached the finals of the African Cup of Champions Clubs in 1975 and won the African Cup Winners' Cup in 1977. More recently, they secured league titles in 2016 and 2024. The club is nicknamed the Flying Antelopes and maintains a passionate 10 million fan base.
Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg
Friedrich Eugen, Duke of Württemberg (21 January 1732 – 23 December 1797) was the fourth son of Karl Alexander, Duke of Württemberg, and Princess Maria Augusta of Thurn and Taxis. He was born in Stuttgart. From 1795 until 1797, he was Duke of Württemberg.

Charles Alexander, Duke of Württemberg
Charles Alexander of Württemberg (24 January 1684 – 12 March 1737) first became a Württemberg Duke (for the Württemberg-Winnental branch) in 1698 after his father's death and then went on to govern the Kingdom of Serbia as regent from 1720 until 1733, and then assumed the position of Duke of Württemberg, which he held until his death.
Zastava Trucks
Zastava Trucks (Serbian: Застава Камиони, romanized: Zastava Kamioni) was a Serbian truck manufacturer, subsidiary of Group Zastava Vehicles which declared bankruptcy in May 2017. In September 2017, the Government of Serbia established Zastava TERVO, which took over Zastava Trucks production facilities.

Zastava Automobiles
Zastava Automobiles (Serbian: Застава Аутомобили, Zastava Automobili) was a Serbian and Yugoslav international car manufacturer, a subsidiary of Group Zastava Vehicles which went bankrupt in May 2017.

After many decades of producing different car and truck models under the Zastava brand, the company ceased all vehicle production in 2008. Since then, a new company, FIAT Automobiles Serbia, has taken over the Zastava Automobiles facilities, after extensive reconstruction and renovation.
First Church of Christ, Congregational (Springfield, Massachusetts)
First Church of Christ, Congregational, or Old First Church, is a historic church at 50 Elm Street in Springfield, Massachusetts. Built in 1819, the present structure is the fourth church building on the site, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. The church is within the Court Square Historic District.

Court Square
Court Square is the central plaza and historic district in Springfield, Massachusetts. It is located in the heart of Springfield's urban Metro Center neighborhood. Court Square is the City of Springfield's only topographical constant since its founding in 1636.

It is bounded by Springfield Municipal Group of buildings on Court Street, MassMutual Center on Main Street, MGM Springfield on State Street, East Columbus Avenue, and features Elm Street and a scenic pedestrian-only walkway from the Hampden County Courthouse toward Springfield's historic Old First Church.
Paulista Republican Party
The Paulista Republican Party (Portuguese: Partido Republicano Paulista, PRP) was a Brazilian political party founded on April 18, 1873 during the Convention of Itu and sparked the first modern republican movement in Brazil.

Its followers were called perrepistas. PRP was the predominant political party in the state of São Paulo throughout the First Brazilian Republic. At the federal level, it allied, in most cases, with the Mineiro Republican Party (PRM) in elections and power alternation through the coffee with milk politics.

During its active period, the party elected four presidents of the republic: Campos Salles (1898), Rodrigues Alves (1902 and 1918), Washington Luís (1922), and Júlio Prestes (1930).

PRP was dissolved on December 2, 1937, during the Estado Novo.

Mineiro Republican Party
The Mineiro Republican Party (Portuguese: Partido Republicano Mineiro, PRM) was a Brazilian political party founded on 4 June 1888 and active until its extinction on 2 December 1937 by Decree No. 37 – issued by Getúlio Vargas during the Estado Novo – which abolished all political parties in Brazil. It was one of Brazil's two most powerful parties during the First Brazilian Republic along with the Paulista Republican Party.
U1 spliceosomal RNA
U1 spliceosomal RNA is the small nuclear RNA (snRNA) component of U1 snRNP (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein), an RNA-protein complex that combines with other snRNPs, unmodified pre-mRNA, and various other proteins to assemble a spliceosome, a large RNA-protein molecular complex upon which splicing of pre-mRNA occurs. Splicing, or the removal of introns, is a major aspect of post-transcriptional modification, and takes place only in the nucleus of eukaryotes.

RNA splicing
RNA splicing is a process in molecular biology where a newly-made precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript is transformed into a mature messenger RNA (mRNA). It works by removing all the introns (non-coding regions of RNA) and splicing back together exons (coding regions). For nuclear-encoded genes, splicing occurs in the nucleus either during or immediately after transcription. For those eukaryotic genes that contain introns, splicing is usually needed to create an mRNA molecule that can be translated into protein.  For many eukaryotic introns, splicing occurs in a series of reactions which are catalyzed by the spliceosome, a complex of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs). There exist self-splicing introns, that is, ribozymes that can catalyze their own excision from their parent RNA molecule. The process of transcription, splicing and translation is called gene expression, the central dogma of molecular biology.
English Suites (Bach)
The English Suites, BWV 806–811, are a set of six suites written by the German composer Johann Sebastian Bach for harpsichord (or clavichord) and generally thought to be the earliest of his 19 suites for keyboard (discounting several less well-known earlier suites), the others being the six French Suites (BWV 812–817), the six Partitas (BWV 825-830) and the Overture in the French style (BWV 831). They probably date from around 1713 or 1714 until 1720.

Partitas for keyboard (Bach)
The Partitas, BWV 825–830, are a set of six keyboard suites written by Johann Sebastian Bach, published individually beginning in 1726, then together as Clavier-Übung I in 1731, the first of his works to be published under his own direction. They were, however, among the last of his keyboard suites to be composed, the others being the six English Suites, BWV 806-811 and the six French Suites, BWV 812-817, as well as the Overture in the French style, BWV 831.
Hall plane
In mathematics, a Hall plane is a non-Desarguesian projective plane constructed by Marshall Hall Jr. (1943). There are examples of order p2n for every prime p and every positive integer n provided p2n > 4.

Non-Desarguesian plane
In mathematics, a non-Desarguesian plane is a projective plane (or sometimes an affine plane) that does not satisfy Desargues' theorem (named after Girard Desargues), or in other words a plane that is not a Desarguesian plane. The theorem of Desargues is true in all projective spaces of dimension not 2; in other words, the only projective spaces of dimension not equal to 2 are the classical projective geometries over a field (or division ring). However, David Hilbert found that some projective planes do not satisfy it. The current state of knowledge of these examples is not complete.
Bertha of Milan
Bertha of Milan or Bertha of Luni (c. 997-c. 1040) was a countess margravine of Turin by marriage to Ulric Manfred II of Turin, and regent in Turin and Susa for her daughter Adelaide of Susa in 1033.

She is sometimes identified with the Bertha who was married to Arduin of Ivrea.

Adelaide of Susa
Adelaide of Susa (also Adelheid, Adelais, or Adeline; c. 1014/1020 – 19 December 1091) was the countess of part of the March of Ivrea and the Marchioness of Turin in Northwestern Italy from 1034 to her death. She was the last of the Arduinici. She is sometimes compared to her second cousin and close contemporary, Matilda of Tuscany.
Battalion of Special Operations
The Battalion of Special Operations (Portuguese: Batalhão de Operações Especiais - BOPE) is a unit of the Military Police of Paraná, Brazil. It is a police tactical unit in the State of Parana, trained to perform high-risk operations that fall outside of the abilities of regular officers.

Military Police of Paraná State
The Military Police of Paraná State (Portuguese: Polícia Militar do Estado do Paraná, PMEP), like other military polices in Brazil is a reserve and ancillary force of the Brazilian Army, and part of the System of Public Security and Brazilian Social Protection. Its members are called State Military personnel.

The primary mission of PMPR is the ostensible and preventive policing for the maintenance of public order in the State of Paraná.
Norma Chick
Norma P. Chick is an Australian–New Zealand academic, and is an Emeritus Professor of Nursing and Midwifery at Massey University. Alongside Professor Nan Kinross, she is credited with the introduction of nursing academia in New Zealand.

Nan Kinross
Nancy Joan Kinross CBE (30 October 1926 – 17 May 2021) was a New Zealand nurse and nursing academic. In 1985, she was appointed the first professor of nursing at Massey University, and was the second female professor at the university.
Erebiola
Erebiola butleri, or Butler's ringlet, is an elusive New Zealand endemic butterfly, discovered in 1879 by John Enys at the alpine pass at the head of the Rakaia River. It is the only member of the genus Erebiola.

Erebiola is derived from Erebus, the ancient Greek world of darkness between Earth and Hades, while the specific name, butleri, was after Arthur Gardiner Butler of the British Museum who played a major role in early descriptions of New Zealand butterflies.

Its Māori name is pepe pouri, which means dark moth, and shares the name with the black mountain ringlet and the forest ringlet butterfly.

Percnodaimon
Percnodaimon merula, the black mountain ringlet, is a satyrid butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is currently the only recognised species in the monotypic genus Percnodaimon, endemic to New Zealand, although there may be other undescribed species in the genus. The black mountain ringlet is notable for living exclusively in rocky  areas of New Zealand's Southern Alps, usually above 1200 m. Its eggs are laid on rocks, its larvae feed on mountain Poa species, and it pupates under a stone. It has distinctive dark velvety wings and a zig-zag flight pattern over the scree slopes on which it lives.
George E. Lounsbury
George Edward Lounsbury (May 7, 1838 – August 16, 1904) was an American politician and the 58th Governor of Connecticut from 1899 to 1901. His brother Phineas served as the state’s Governor from 1887 to 1889.

Phineas C. Lounsbury
Phineas Chapman Lounsbury (January 10, 1841 – June 22, 1925) was an American politician and the 53rd Governor of Connecticut. He was a member of the Republican Party.

His brother, George E. Lounsbury, also served as Governor of Connecticut, serving from 1899 to 1901.
Union mark of Norway and Sweden
The union mark of Norway and Sweden (Swedish: unionsmärket or unionstecknet, Norwegian: unionsmerket) was a symbol of the Union between Sweden and Norway. It was inserted into the canton of the Swedish and Norwegian national flags from 1844 to denote the partnership of the two countries in a personal union. The mark combined the flag colours of both kingdoms, equally distributed, to reflect their equal status within the union. The stand-alone design of the mark was used for the diplomatic flag and the naval jack of the union. The union mark remained part of the flags of both countries until it was removed from the merchant and state flags of Norway in 1899 because of increasing Norwegian dissatisfaction with the union. It remained on the naval ensign of Norway and all Swedish flags until the dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden in 1905.

Flag of Sweden
The national flag of Sweden (Sveriges flagga) consists of a yellow or gold Nordic cross (i.e. a horizontal cross extending to the edges, with the crossbar closer to the hoist than the fly) on a field of light blue. The Nordic cross design traditionally represents Christianity. The design and colours of the Swedish flag are believed to have been inspired by the present coat of arms of Sweden of 1442, which is blue divided quarterly by a cross pattée of gold. Blue and yellow have been used as Swedish colours at least since Magnus III's royal coat of arms of 1275.
INS Kamorta (P28)
INS Kamorta is the first of four anti-submarine Kamorta-class stealth corvettes which has been built for the Indian Navy.

She was designed and manufactured by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), launched on 19 April 2010, as part of Project 28, approved in 2003. The ship was named after Kamorta island in Andaman and Nicobar, India .

Kamorta-class corvette
The Kamorta-class corvettes or Project 28 are a class of anti-submarine warfare corvettes currently in service with the Indian Navy. Built at Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata, they are the first anti-submarine warfare stealth corvettes to be built in India. Project 28 was approved in 2003, with construction of the lead ship, INS Kamorta commencing on 12 August 2005. All of the four corvettes, INS Kamorta, INS Kadmatt, INS Kiltan and INS Kavaratti were commissioned in 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2020 respectively.

The platform and major internal systems of this class of corvettes are indigenously designed and built. The corvettes are named after the islands in the Lakshadweep archipelago. The Kamorta-class corvettes are intended to succeed the Kora class by precedence and the Abhay class by role.
Prince George William of Hanover
Prince George William of Hanover and Cumberland (Georg Wilhelm Ernst August Friedrich Axel Prinz von Hannover; 25 March 1915 – 8 January 2006) was the second-eldest son of Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick, and his wife Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia, the only daughter of Wilhelm II, German Emperor, and Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein.

George William's wife was a sister of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and his children are thus first cousins of King Charles III. His sister, Frederica, became Queen of the Hellenes as the consort of King Paul of Greece.

He held the title of Prince of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, granted ad personam to the children of the then-Duke of Brunswick by George V's letters patent of 1914, which remained unrevoked.

Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick
Ernest Augustus (Ernest Augustus Christian George; German: Ernst August Christian Georg; 17 November 1887 – 30 January 1953) was Duke of Brunswick from 2 November 1913 to 8 November 1918. He was a grandson of George V of Hanover, thus a Prince of Hanover and a Prince of the United Kingdom. He was also a maternal grandson of Christian IX of Denmark and the son-in-law of German Emperor Wilhelm II. The Prussians had deposed King George from the Hanoverian throne in 1866, but his marriage ended the decades-long feud between the Prussians and the Hanoverians.
Pillayan
Sivanesathurai Chandrakanthan (Tamil: சிவனேசதுரை சந்திரகாந்தன்; commonly known as Pillayan; born 18 August 1975) is a Sri Lankan politician who served as Chief Minister of the Eastern Province of Sri Lanka. He is also the leader of the Tamil Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal (TMVP), a political party in Sri Lanka. A former armed fighter of the rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam organization, Chandrakanthan  broke away from the Tamil Tigers along with Karuna Amman in April 2004, and became the deputy leader of the breakaway faction, renamed as the TMVP.

An internal rift in the TMVP led to Chandrakanthan replacing Karuna as the party leader in April 2007. Under his guidance, the TMVP contested in elections to elect members to Sri Lanka's Eastern Provincial Council, as part of a wider coalition which went on to win the elections. Chandrakanthan, who obtained the most preferential votes in the Batticaloa District, was sworn in as first ever Chief Minister of the province on 16 May 2008.

Karuna Amman
Vinayagamoorthy Muralitharan (nom de guerre: Colonel Karuna Amman; Tamil: விநாயகமூர்த்தி முரளிதரன், Vināyakamūrtti Muraḷitaraņ; born 22 June 1966) is a Sri Lankan politician and former militant. Formerly a fighter for the Tamil separatist group, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), for over 20 years, Muralitharan later rose to prominence after defecting from the LTTE and forming the Tamil Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal (TMVP), a breakaway faction of the LTTE.

After giving up arms and entering politics, he was appointed as a National List Member of Parliament in 2008 for the ruling United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA), the party of former President Mahinda Rajapaksa, and was sworn in as Minister of National Integration on 9 March, 2009. He later joined the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), the main constituent party of the UPFA, and on 24 April 2009 he was appointed as a Vice President of the SLFP.
Plan Espiritual de Aztlán
The Plan Espiritual de Aztlán (English: "Spiritual Plan of Aztlán") was a pro-indigenist manifesto advocating Chicano nationalism and self-determination for Mexican Americans. It was adopted by the First National Chicano Youth Liberation Conference, a March 1969 convention hosted by Rodolfo Gonzales's Crusade for Justice in Denver, Colorado.

Aztlán
Aztlán (from Nahuatl languages: Aztlán, Nahuatl pronunciation: [ˈast͡ɬãːn̥] ⓘ) is the ancestral home of the Aztec peoples. The word "Aztec" was derived from the Nahuatl aztecah, meaning "people from Aztlán." Aztlán is mentioned in several ethnohistorical sources dating from the colonial period, and while each cites varying lists of the different tribal groups who participated in the migration from Aztlán to central Mexico, the Mexica who later founded Mexico-Tenochtitlan are mentioned in all of the accounts.

Historians have speculated about the possible location of Aztlán and tend to place it either in northwestern Mexico or the Southwestern United States, although whether Aztlán represents a real location or a mythological one is a matter of debate.
West Kildonan
West Kildonan is a residential suburb within the Old Kildonan and Mynarski city wards of Winnipeg, Manitoba, lying on the west side of the Red River of the North, and immediately north of the old City of Winnipeg in the north-central part of the city.

It is bounded by the Red River on the east; the north limit of Kildonan Golf Course, Main Street, Seaforth Avenue, the Canadian Pacific Railway Winnipeg Beach Subdivision, and Templeton Avenue on the north; McPhillips Street on the west; and Carruthers Avenue, McGregor Street, and the lane between McAdam and Smithfield Avenues on the south.

It is notably home to Kildonan Park, West Kildonan Collegiate, and the former West Kildonan North Stars.

Old Kildonan
Old Kildonan is the northernmost city ward of Winnipeg, Manitoba. Before the City of Winnipeg Act of 1972, it was an independent unincorporated municipality called the Municipality of Old Kildonan; prior to that, from 1914, it was a subdivision of the Rural Municipality of Kildonan.

It is bounded by the north limit of the City of Winnipeg on the north; by the CP Winnipeg Beach railway, slightly past McPhillips Street, on the east; Brookside Boulevard (Winnipeg Route 90) on the west; and by Inkster Boulevard (Route 23) on the south.

The ward falls within the community area of Seven Oaks and is served by the Seven Oaks School Division. Its population was 47,155 as of the 2016 census.
Peruvian sol
The sol (Spanish pronunciation: [sol]; plural: soles; currency sign: S/) is the currency of Peru; it is subdivided into 100 céntimos ("cents").  The ISO 4217 currency code is PEN.

The sol replaced the Peruvian inti in 1991 and the name is a return to that of Peru's historic currency, as the previous incarnation of sol was in use from 1863 to 1985. Although sol in this usage is derived from the Latin solidus (lit. 'solid'), the word also means "sun" in Spanish. There is thus a continuity with the old Peruvian inti, which was named after Inti, the Sun God of the Incas.

At its introduction in 1991, the currency was officially called nuevo sol ("new sol"), until November 13, 2015, when Peru's Congress voted to rename the currency simply sol.

Peruvian inti
The inti was the currency of Peru between 1985 and 1991. Its ISO 4217 code was PEI and its abbreviation was I/. The inti was divided into 100 céntimos. The inti replaced the inflation-stricken sol. The new currency was named after Inti, the Inca sun god.
Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway
The Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway (BAGS) (Spanish: Ferrocarril del Sud) was one of the Big Four broad gauge, 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm), British-owned companies that built and operated railway networks in Argentina. The company was founded by Edward Lumb in 1862 and the first general manager was Edward Banfield after whom the Buenos Aires suburban station of Banfield was named, when it opened in 1873. After president Juan Perón nationalised the Argentine railway network in 1948, it became part of the state-owned company Ferrocarril General Roca.

General Roca Railway
The General Roca Railway (FCGR) (native name: Ferrocarril General Roca) is a  5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge railway in Argentina which runs from Constitución station in Buenos Aires to the south of the country through the provinces of Buenos Aires, La Pampa, Neuquén and Río Negro. It was also one of the six state-owned Argentine railway divisions formed after President Juan Perón's nationalisation of the railway network in 1948, being named after former president Julio Argentino Roca. The six companies were managed by Ferrocarriles Argentinos which was later broken up during the process of railway privatisation beginning in 1991 during Carlos Menem's presidency.

The Roca Railway is currently operated by State owned companies Trenes Argentinos (that operates commuter rail services in Buenos Aires) and Ferrobaires (for long-distance services) while freight transport is run by private companies Ferrosur Roca and Ferroexpreso Pampeano.
Tiki
In Māori mythology, Tiki is the first man created by either Tūmatauenga or Tāne. He found the first woman, Marikoriko, in a pond; she seduced him and he became the father of Hine-kau-ataata. By extension, a tiki is a large or small wooden, pounamu or other stone carving in humanoid form, although this is a somewhat archaic usage in the Māori language, where a tiki is usually a hei-tiki, a pendant worn around the neck. Hei-tiki are often considered taonga, especially if they are older and have been passed down throughout multiple generations. Carvings similar to tiki and coming to represent deified ancestors are found in most Polynesian cultures. They often serve to mark the boundaries of sacred or significant sites. The word has cognates in other Polynesian languages, such as tiʻi in Tahitian and kiʻi in Hawaiian. In the Western world, Tiki culture, a movement inspired by various Pacific cultures, has become popular in the 20th and 21st centuries.

Mārikoriko
In a Māori legend attributed by ethnographer John White to the Ngāti Hau iwi (tribe), Mārikoriko (Twilight) is the first woman, created by Ārohirohi (Shimmering heat) from the heat of the sun and the echoing cliff. She married Tiki, the first man, and gave birth to Hine-kau-ataata (woman floating in shadows).