hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1976 Balestier Road shooting
On 18 October 1976, two armed robbers, Tay Cher Kiang (郑芝强 Zhèng Zhīqiáng) and Chang Bock Eng (庄木荣 Zhuāng Mùróng), held several people hostage at a paint shop in Balestier Road, Singapore in an attempt to commit armed robbery, and during the holdup, Chang, who wielded a revolver, engaged in a gunfight with the police, injuring a police constable named Neo Koon San (梁坤山 Liáng Kūnshān) during the confrontation. Both Chang and Tay were subsequently arrested and charged under the Arms Offences Act for the unauthorized use of firearms. Both Chang and Tay were found guilty and sentenced to death in August 1977, and they were hanged on 9 May 1980 after exhausting all avenues of appeal, which all ended with failure.

Capital punishment in Singapore
Executions in Singapore are carried out by long drop hanging, and usually take place at dawn. Thirty-three offences—including murder, drug trafficking, terrorism, use of firearms and kidnapping—warrant the death penalty under Singaporean law.

In 2012, Singapore amended its laws to exempt some offences from the mandatory death sentence. In a 2005 survey by The Straits Times, 95% of Singaporeans were of the view that their country should retain the death penalty. The support steadily fell throughout the years due to the increasing liberal opinions of society. Despite the decline, a large majority of the public remains supportive of the use of the death penalty, with more than 80% of Singaporeans believing that their country should retain the death penalty in 2021.

The most recent execution conducted in Singapore took place on 13 February 2026, when a 62-year-old Singaporean was hanged for trafficking not less than 29.06g of diamorphine in his possession.
Neighbourhood Management Pathfinder Programme
The Neighbourhood Management Pathfinder Programme was a co-operative programme in England between residents and stakeholders such as the local authority, businesses etc., aimed at improving specific deprived neighbourhoods.

The programme was sponsored, and part funded, by the Neighbourhood Renewal Unit of the Department for Communities and Local Government who are responsible for overseeing the UK Government's neighbourhood renewal strategy in England.

The programme was started in July 2001 when twenty schemes were announced. Fifteen further programmes started in December 2002. All schemes received revenue grants over a seven-year period to pump prime the renewal initiatives. After seven years, the schemes continued to operate within existing funding provisions. It was cancelled abruptly in 2011, leaving considerable dereliction in many Midland and Northern cities.

Neighbourhood Renewal Fund
Neighbourhood Renewal Fund (NRF) is a form of Local Government finance in England, launched by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister in July 2000.

NRF is allocated to multi-agency Local Strategic Partnerships (LSPs) in the 88 Local Authority areas judged to be the most deprived based on the 2000 Indices of Multiple Deprivation. It is intended to be spent on the social regeneration of the areas to which it has been awarded, and on interventions designed to reduce the relative deprivations in those areas (such as health inequalities, educational underachievement and high crime rates).
Alexander Walker II
Sir Alexander Walker II (1869 – 1950) was a Scottish businessman who was the younger grandson of John 'Johnnie' Walker of the whisky brand. He and his brother, George Paterson Walker, took the control of the company after the death of their father Alexander Walker in 1889.

Alexander Walker (1837–1889)
Sir Alexander Walker (10 February 1837 – 16 July 1889) was a Scottish industrialist who was the son of John ‘Johnnie’ Walker of the whisky brand. He inherited the company in 1857 and expanded its business, exporting whisky throughout the British Empire.
Seals & Crofts
Seals & Crofts were an American soft rock duo formed in 1969 by Jim Seals and Dash Crofts in Los Angeles, California. They are best known for their hits "Summer Breeze" (1972), "Diamond Girl" (1973), and "Get Closer" (1976), each of which peaked at No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Both Seals and Crofts were publicly outspoken advocates for the Baháʼí Faith. Though the duo disbanded in 1981, they reunited briefly in 1989–1992, and again in 2004, when they released their final album, Traces. Seals and his younger brother, the charting singer-songwriter "England" Dan Seals, later performed publicly together as Seals & Seals.

Dan Seals
Danny Wayland Seals (February 8, 1948 – March 25, 2009), also known as England Dan, was an American musician. The younger brother of Seals & Crofts member Jim Seals, he first gained fame as one half of the soft rock duo England Dan & John Ford Coley, who charted nine singles between 1976 and 1980, including the No. 2 Billboard Hot 100 hit "I'd Really Love to See You Tonight".

After the duo disbanded, Seals began a solo career, starting in soft rock then shifting to country music. Throughout the 1980s and into the early 1990s, he released 16 studio albums and charted more than 20 singles on the country charts. Eleven of his singles reached number one: "Meet Me in Montana" (with Marie Osmond), "Bop" (also a No. 42 pop hit), "Everything That Glitters (Is Not Gold)", "You Still Move Me", "I Will Be There", "Three Time Loser", "One Friend", "Addicted", "Big Wheels in the Moonlight", "Love on Arrival", and "Good Times". Five more of his singles also reached top ten on the same chart.
Kerberos (moon)
Kerberos, formal designation (134340) Pluto IV,  is a small natural satellite of Pluto, about 19 km (12 mi) in its longest dimension. Kerberos is also the second-smallest moon of Pluto, after Styx. It was the fourth moon of Pluto to be discovered and its existence was announced on 20 July 2011. It was imaged, along with Pluto and its four other moons, by the New Horizons spacecraft in July 2015. The first image of Kerberos from the flyby was released to the public on 22 October 2015.

Styx (moon)
Styx, formal designation (134340) Pluto V,  is a small natural satellite of Pluto whose discovery was announced on 11 July 2012. It was discovered by use of the Hubble Space Telescope, and is the smallest of the five known moons of Pluto. It was imaged along with Pluto and Pluto's other moons by the New Horizons spacecraft in July 2015, albeit poorly with only a single image of Styx obtained.

Styx is the second-closest known satellite to Pluto, and the fifth discovered. It was discovered one year after Kerberos. Styx is approximately 16 km (9.9 mi) across its longest dimension, and its orbital period is 20.1 days.
Return to Inverness
Return to Inverness is a 2000 radio drama, the twelfth in ZBS's Jack Flanders series. The serial was written and directed by Meatball Fulton, as a sequel to the 1972 story The Fourth Tower of Inverness, the first in the series.

Jack Flanders
Jack Flanders, full name Jonathan L. Flanders, is the protagonist of a series of audio dramas produced by the ZBS Foundation. He is the creation of writer and sound artist Thomas Lopez and is played by actor Robert Lorick.

Jack is an adventurer who travels the Earth, exploring both familiar physical places and a metaphysical land called the Invisible Realms.  His character adapts as the story requires, ranging from a bumbling fool to a competent and professional detective into spiritual mysteries.  Well-versed in the occult, folklore, primitive magic and various mystic phenomena, he is able to withstand most reality-altering experiences and generally has an open mind towards all things.
Vaughan Azzurri
Vaughan Azzurri is a Canadian semi-professional soccer team based in Vaughan, Ontario, that currently competes in the League1 Ontario men's and women's divisions.  The semi-professional team was founded in 2014 by the Vaughan Soccer Club, which is a youth soccer club as part of their High Performance Program.

Ontario Premier League (women)
The Ontario Premier League (formerly League1 Ontario) is a semi-professional women's soccer league in Ontario, Canada. The league is sanctioned by the Canadian Soccer Association and the Ontario Soccer Association as a pro-am league in the Canadian soccer league system. The Ontario Premier League is part of Premier Soccer Leagues Canada, the national third tier with regional divisions, with equivalents in Alberta, British Columbia, the Prairies, and Quebec.

The women's division launched in 2015 with seven clubs and has grown to twenty clubs for the 2022 season. Beginning in 2024, the league became a three-tier league featuring promotion and relegation.
The Boarding School: Las Cumbres
The Boarding School: Las Cumbres (Spanish: El Internado: Las Cumbres) is a Spanish mystery and teen drama-thriller television series, which premiered on Amazon Prime Video on 19 February 2021. Produced by Atresmedia Studios and Globomedia (The Mediapro Studio), it is a reboot of the popular series El Internado, which originally aired from 2007 to 2010.

El Internado
El Internado (The Boarding School), also known as El Internado: Laguna Negra (The Black Lagoon Boarding School) is a Spanish mystery drama thriller  television series produced by Globomedia for the Spanish network Antena 3. The series was originally broadcast in Spain from 24 May 2007 to 13 October 2010. The series began airing on Netflix on 15 July 2015, and it stopped airing on 20 December 2017. Then, the series was reaired on 16 October 2018.

A reboot series, El Internado: Las Cumbres, premiered on Amazon Prime Video on 19 February 2021.
Charlie Francis
Charles Merrick Francis (October 13, 1948 – May 12, 2010) was a Canadian Olympic sprinter and sprint coach most noteworthy for being the trainer of sprinter Ben Johnson, the first competitor to be stripped of an Olympic gold medal for using banned drugs, and sprinters Angella Issajenko, Mark McKoy, and Desai Williams. Francis was banned by Athletics Canada following his admissions at the 1989 Dubin inquiry that he had introduced Johnson to steroids.

Ben Johnson (Canadian sprinter)
Benjamin Sinclair Johnson, CM OOnt (born December 30, 1961) is a Canadian former sprinter. During the 1987–88 season he held the title of the world's fastest man, breaking both the 100 m and the 60 m indoor World Records. He won the 100 metres at the 1987 World Championships in Athletics; and at the 1988 Summer Olympics, but was disqualified for doping and stripped of the gold medals. He was the first to beat the 9.9 and 9.8 seconds barrier.

He won two bronze medals at the 1984 Summer Olympics, as well as gold medals at the 1985 World Indoor Championships, 1986 Goodwill Games and 1986 Commonwealth Games. He was trained by Charlie Francis.
Nesaea
In Greek mythology, Nesaea, Nesaia or Nisaea (Ancient Greek: Νησαίη Nêsaiê means 'the dweller on islands') was the "white" Nereid of islands, one of the 50 marine-nymph daughters of the "Old Man of the Sea" Nereus and the Oceanid Doris.

Nereids
In Greek mythology, the Nereids or Nereides (/ˈnɪəriɪdz/ NEER-ee-idz; Ancient Greek: Νηρηΐδες, romanized: Nērēḯdes; sg. Νηρηΐς, Nērēḯs, also Νημερτές) are sea nymphs (female spirits of sea waters), the 50 daughters of the 'Old Man of the Sea' Nereus and the Oceanid Doris, sisters to their brother Nerites. They often accompany Poseidon, the god of the sea, and can be friendly and helpful to sailors (such as the Argonauts in their search for the Golden Fleece).
Bhaiyya Ganpatrao
Bhaiyya Ganpatra, alias "Sughar-piya", (1852–1920) was a member of the Gwalior royal family and known for pioneering the harmonium as an accompanying instrument. He was a member of the Gwalior gharana school of classical music.

Gwalior gharana
The Gwalior Gharana (Gwalior School of Classical Music) is the oldest and most influential Khyal Gharana in Indian Classical Music worldwide. The Gwalior Gharana is known as the "Gangotri" (origin) of Khyal raga and is considered the most ancient school of Hindustani classical music. Other gharanas follow the lineage of the Gwalior Gharana.

The rise of the Gwalior Gharana started in the 16th century with the reign of the Mughal emperor Akbar (1542–1605).

The famous singers of this patron of the arts were Tansen and Baiju Bawra. Miyan Tansen, who was the most famous vocalist at the court of Akbar, came from the historic city of Gwalior.
Reva APC
The REVA Armoured Personnel Carrier (APC) is a mine-protected vehicle. It is produced by Integrated Convoy Protection. The vehicle’s V-shaped hull offers protection against land mines and Improvised Explosive Devices (IED)s. The vehicle has space for at least 10 passengers. Ten firing ports are also available. Two light machine guns can be used and cover a 360-degree on roller bearing turret hatches.

The vehicle is often confused with the Mamba and the RG-31.

Mamba APC
The Mamba is a South African infantry mobility vehicle designed for internal security purposes. It was developed during the late 1980s to replace the Buffel in service with the South African military and security forces. The first models were built on a 4X2 Toyota Dyna chassis, which was subsequently replaced in production around 1994 by a more reliable Unimog chassis. All marks of the Mamba were designed to be mine-resistant and blastproof.
Anwar Raslan
Anwar Raslan (Arabic: أنور رسلان, romanized: ‘Anwār Raslān; born 3 February 1963) is a Syrian former colonel who led a unit within Syria's General Intelligence Directorate. In January 2022, a German Higher Regional Court convicted him of crimes against humanity under universal jurisdiction. The specific charges against him were 4,000 counts of torture, 58 counts of murder, rape, and sexual coercion. His trial marked the first international war crimes case against a member of the Syrian government during the presidency of Bashar al-Assad.

General Intelligence Directorate (Syria)
The General Intelligence Directorate (Arabic: إِدَارَةُ الْمُخَابَرَاتِ الْعَامَّةِ, romanized: ʾIdārat al-Mukhābarāt al-ʿAmmāh), also known as the General Security Directorate or Syrian GID, was the most important civil intelligence service of former Ba'athist Syria and played an important role of suppressing the people of Syria for the government's interests. The General Intelligence Directorate conducted an oppressive surveillance of the Syrian population, directed foreign intelligence and monitored activities in Lebanon on behalf of Hezbollah until its dissolution in December 2024.
The Amazing Adventures of Morph
The Amazing Adventures of Morph is a British stop-motion clay animation children's television series created by Aardman Animations which ran from 1980 to 1981. It featured the character Morph and his cream-coloured best friend Chas. Footage from the show was reused in the 1996 show The Morph Files.

Morph (TV series)
Morph is a British series of clay stop-motion comedy animations, named after the main character, who is a small terracotta-skinned plasticine man, who speaks an unintelligible language and lives on a tabletop, with his bedroom being a small wooden box. Morph was initially seen interacting with Tony Hart, beginning in 1977, on several of his British television programmes, notably Take Hart, Hartbeat and SMart.
Paternoster Row
Paternoster Row is a street in the City of London that was a centre of the London publishing trade, with booksellers operating from the street. Paternoster Row was described as "almost synonymous" with the book trade. It was part of an area called St Paul's Churchyard.  In time Paternoster Row itself was used inclusively of various alleys, courts and side streets.  Largely destroyed during aerial bombing in World War II, the street's area is now the site of much of the post-war Paternoster Square development.

St Paul's Churchyard
St Paul's Churchyard is an area immediately around St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London. Historically it included St Paul's Cross and Paternoster Row. It became one of the principal marketplaces in London. St Paul's Cross was an open-air pulpit from which many of the most important statements on the political and religious changes brought by the Reformation were made public during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Only one execution is recorded as taking place in St Paul's Churchyard; that of clergyman Henry Garnet, one of those found guilty of the 1605 Gunpowder Plot.  As of 2024 the alley to the north of the cathedral grounds is named St Paul's Churchyard.
Responsiveness
Responsiveness as a concept of computer science refers to the specific ability of a system or functional unit to complete assigned tasks within a given time.

In the Reactive principle, Responsiveness is one of the fundamental criteria along with resilience, elasticity and message driven.

It is one of the criteria under the principle of robustness. The other three are observability, recoverability, and task conformance.

High availability
High availability (HA) is a characteristic of a system that aims to ensure an agreed level of operational performance, usually uptime, for a higher than normal period.

There is now more dependence on these systems as a result of modernization. For example, to carry out their regular daily tasks, hospitals and data centers need their systems to be highly available. Availability refers to the ability of the user to access a service or system, whether to submit new work, update or modify existing work, or retrieve the results of previous work. If a user cannot access the system, it is considered unavailable from the user's perspective. The term downtime is generally used to refer to describe periods when a system is unavailable.
City of Boroondara
The City of Boroondara (/bɒrənˈdɑːrə/) is a local government area in Victoria, Australia. It is located in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne. It was formed in June 1994 from the amalgamation of the Cities of Kew, Camberwell and Hawthorn.

It has an area of 60 square kilometres (23 sq mi). In the 2021 Census the city had a population of 167,903.

City of Boroondara participates in the Victorian Government's state-wide, Local Government Community Satisfaction Survey. This is conducted annually by an independent research company, JWS Research. In 2022 City of Boroondara achieved an index score of 71 on ‘Overall Performance’. This is significantly higher than the average ratings for metropolitan councils (index score of 65) and the state-wide average (index score of 59) and places Boroondara in the top-performing councils metro and state-wide.

City of Camberwell
The City of Camberwell was a local government area about 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covered an area of 36.01 square kilometres (13.90 sq mi), and existed from 1914 until 1994.
Augmented hexagonal prism
In geometry, the augmented hexagonal prism is one of the Johnson solids (J54). As the name suggests, it can be constructed by augmenting a hexagonal prism by attaching a square pyramid (J1) to one of its equatorial faces. When two or three such pyramids are attached, the result may be a parabiaugmented hexagonal prism (J55), a metabiaugmented hexagonal prism (J56), or a triaugmented hexagonal prism (J57).

Square pyramid
In geometry, a square pyramid is a pyramid with a square base and four triangles, having a total of five faces. If the  apex of the pyramid is directly above the center of the square, it becomes a form of right pyramid with four isosceles triangles. When all of the pyramid's edges are equal in length, its triangles are all equilateral, an example of a Johnson solid.

Square pyramids have appeared throughout the history of architecture, with examples being Egyptian pyramids and many other similar buildings. They also occur in chemistry in square pyramidal molecular structures. Square pyramids are often used in the construction of other polyhedra and as the cell of a four-dimensional polytope called cubic pyramid. Square pyramidal number is a natural number that counts the number of spheres stacked into a square pyramid. Many mathematicians in ancient times discovered the formula for the volume of a square pyramid with different approaches.
Villgraten Mountains
The Villgraten Mountains (German: Villgratner Berge) or Deferegg Alps (Deferegger Alpen), also called the Defreggen Mountains (Defreggengebirge, archaically also with "ff") are a subgroup of the Austrian Central Alps within the Eastern Alps of Europe. Together with the Ankogel Group, the Goldberg Group, the Glockner Group, the Schober Group, the Kreuzeck Group, the Granatspitze Group, the Venediger Group and the Rieserferner Group, the Villgraten Mountains are part of the major mountain range, the High Tauern. Their highest summit is the Weiße Spitze with a height of 2,962 m above sea level (AA).

Venediger Group
The Venediger Group (German: Venedigergruppe) is a mountain range of the Central Eastern Alps. Together with the Granatspitze Group, the Glockner Group, the Goldberg Group, and the Ankogel Group, it forms the main ridge  of the High Tauern. The highest peak is the Großvenediger at 3,657 m (AA), which gives its name to the group. Considerable parts of the Venediger Group belong to the core zone of the High Tauern National Park.
Zygomaticus minor muscle
The zygomaticus minor muscle is a muscle of facial expression. It originates from the zygomatic bone, lateral to the rest of the levator labii superioris muscle, and inserts into the outer part of the upper lip. It draws the upper lip backward, upward, and outward and is used in smiling. It is innervated by the facial nerve (VII).

Levator labii superioris
The levator labii superioris (pl.: levatores labii superioris, also called quadratus labii superioris, pl.: quadrati labii superioris) is a muscle of the human body used in facial expression.  It is a broad sheet, the origin of which extends from the side of the nose to the zygomatic bone.
Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria
Charles Theodore (German: Karl Theodor; 11 December 1724 – 16 February 1799) was a German nobleman of the Sulzbach branch of the House of Wittelsbach. He became Count Palatine of Sulzbach at the age of six following the death of his father Johann Christian in 1733. With the death of his cousin, Charles III Philip, he became Prince-elector and Count Palatine of the Rhine in 1742, being eighteen. In his fifties, he became Prince-Elector of Bavaria at the death of another cousin, Maximilian III Joseph, in 1777.

John Christian, Count Palatine of Sulzbach
John Christian (23 January 1700 – 20 July 1733; in German: Johann Christian Joseph) was the Count Palatine of Sulzbach from 1732–33. He was the second and youngest surviving son of duke Theodore Eustace, Count Palatine of Sulzbach (1659–1732) with his consort Eleonore Maria Amalia of Hesse-Rotenburg (1675–1720). His elder brother was Joseph Charles, Count Palatine of Sulzbach.
Kevin Grubb
Kevin Grubb (April 19, 1978 – May 6, 2009) was an American race car driver from Mechanicsville, Virginia. He was the younger brother of former race car driver Wayne Grubb. He was under suspension from NASCAR competition due to two violations in NASCAR's substance abuse policy at the time of his death.

Wayne Grubb
For the American former football- and baseball coach, see Wayne Grubb (American football).

Wayne Grubb (born July 19, 1976) is an American former NASCAR driver and crew chief for GC Motorsports International. He ran 52 NASCAR Busch Series races and seven Craftsman Truck Series races before he retired late in the 2000 season. He is the older brother of former NASCAR driver Kevin Grubb, who died on May 6, 2009, at age 31. Grubb was born in Mechanicsville, Virginia.