hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Little Cumbrae
Little Cumbrae (Scottish Gaelic: Cumaradh Beag) is an island in the Firth of Clyde, in North Ayrshire, Scotland. It lies south of Great Cumbrae, its larger neighbour. The underlying geology is igneous with limited outcrops of sedimentary rock. Little Cumbrae House is of 20th century construction, although the island has no permanent inhabitation at present, its population having peaked at 23 in the late 19th century. There is a lighthouse on the western coast.

Castle Island, Scotland
Castle Island (Scottish Gaelic: Eilean a' Chaisteil) or Allimturrail is a small tidal island, lying off the east coast of Little Cumbrae, and to the west of Trail Island, in the Firth of Clyde. It is joined to Little Cumbrae at low tide.

The castle which gives the island its name was built in 1527, and was destroyed by Cromwellian forces in 1650. It is a square keep, and is said to have been built originally to prevent deer poaching.
Marie de Rohan
Marie Aimée de Rohan (French pronunciation: [maʁi ɛme də ʁɔɑ̃]; December 1600 – 12 August 1679) was a French courtier and political activist, famed for being the center of many of the intrigues of the first half of the 17th century in France. In various sources, she is often known simply as Madame de Chevreuse.

Jeanne Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes
Jeanne Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes, comtesse de Verrue (French pronunciation: [ʒan batist dalbɛʁ də lɥin]; 18 January 1670 – 18 November 1736) was a French noblewoman and the mistress of Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia.
Walker's Shortbread
Walker's Shortbread Ltd. (formerly Walkers) is a Scottish manufacturer of shortbread, biscuits, cookies, and crackers. The shortbread is baked in the Moray village of Aberlour, following a recipe developed by Joseph Walker in 1898.

The company is one of Scotland's biggest exporters of food, and employs over 1,200 people. It is sold in tartan packaging all over the world.

Aberlour
Aberlour (Scottish Gaelic: Obar Lobhair) is a town in Moray, Scotland, 12 miles (20 km) south of Elgin on the road to Grantown. The Lour burn is a tributary of the River Spey, and it and the surrounding parish are both named Aberlour, but the name is more commonly used in reference to the village which straddles the stream and flanks the Spey – although the full name of the village is Charlestown of Aberlour.
Declare Yourself
Declare Yourself was an American campaign that aimed to encourage young people to register to vote. The campaign was founded by philanthropist, Norman Lear in 2004 and was led by former American presidents Jimmy Carter and Gerald Ford. The 2004 campaign consisted of a road trip to towns across the country to educate people about the United States Declaration of Independence and voting rights. The 2006 campaign involved public service announcements that compared not voting to people silencing themselves and not standing up for their beliefs. The 2008 campaign consisted of videos posted on YouTube and MySpace to promote voting and the 2011 campaign featured a bondage-themed photo series comparing not voting to restricting yourself. In 2011, Declare Yourself merged with another campaign to form the nonprofit, Our Time.

Our Time (nonprofit)
Our Time (corporately styled OurTime.org) was an American organization founded by Matthew Segal and Jarrett Moreno, focused on organizing campaigns that register and educate voters, advocating for economic opportunity, and covering political news aimed at young Americans.

The organization absorbed Declare Yourself and the Student Association for Voter Empowerment, and began operations as a 501(c)(3) in March 2011. The organization says that its positions are based upon its assessment of majority views of the millennial generation.

As of 2025, the organization's website is offline and social media accounts are inactive since 2016. It submitted its last tax filing in 2017.
Henry Hutchinson
Henry Hutchinson (16 October 1800 – 22 November 1831) was an English architect who partnered with Thomas Rickman in December 1821 to form the Rickman and Hutchinson architecture practice, in which he stayed until his death in 1831. Hutchinson was born on 16 October 1800 in Ticknall, Derbyshire. He partnered with Rickman after he completed his studies under Rickman. Hutchinson has been described as being an architectural genius.

Hutchinson died on 22 November 1831 in Leamington Spa and was buried on the north side of St Peter ad Vincula Church, Hampton Lucy, which he had designed in 1822.

St Peter ad Vincula Church, Hampton Lucy
St Peter ad Vincula is the Grade I listed Church of England parish church of Hampton Lucy, Warwickshire and is part of the Barford Group of Churches. It was built in the 1820s on the site of a demolished medieval church.
Ruger SP101
The Ruger SP101 is a series of double-action revolvers produced by the American company Sturm, Ruger & Co. The SP101 is a small frame and all-steel-construction carry revolver, with a five-shot (.38 Special, .357 Magnum, and 9×19mm Parabellum); six-shot (.327 Federal Magnum and .32 H&R Magnum); or eight-shot (.22 LR) cylinder.

.327 Federal Magnum
The .327 Federal Magnum is a cartridge introduced by Federal Premium Ammunition and also sold by Sturm, Ruger & Co. It is intended to provide the power of a .357 Magnum in six-shot, compact revolvers, whose cylinders would otherwise only hold five rounds. The .327 has also been used in full-sized revolvers with a capacity of seven rounds or more. The .327 Federal Mag is an example of a "super magnum", because it is a magnum of a magnum, the .32 H&R Magnum.
Glowing Stars
Glowing Stars (Swedish: I taket lyser stjärnorna) is a Swedish film which was released to cinemas in Sweden on 30 January 2009, based on the award-winning novel of the same name by author Johanna Thydell. It revolves around a girl named Jenna who has to deal with her teenage life while at the same time taking care of her mother who is sick with cancer. The film was directed by Lisa Siwe and written by Linn Gottfridsson. It received critical acclaim from critics. The film won several film awards.

In the Ceiling the Stars Are Shining
In the Ceiling the Stars Are Shining (orig. Swedish I taket lyser stjärnorna, literal translation) is a Swedish novel by Johanna Thydell, published in 2003. The book is about thirteen-year-old Jenna Wilson, who is unpopular at school and whose mother is dying of breast cancer. The book won the prestigious August Prize as the best Swedish children's and youth's book of 2003.

A film adaptation, Glowing Stars, was released in 2009.
Gerald Forsythe
Gerald (Jerry) R. Forsythe (born in Marshall, Illinois in 1942) is an American businessman and auto racing magnate, best known for being one of the three men (Kevin Kalkhoven and Paul Gentilozzi are the other two) that owned the Champ Car World Series. Forsythe also owned a racing team, Forsythe Championship Racing, that competed in the Champ Car series. In the area of numismatics, Jerry Forsythe is known for owning the finest 1913 Liberty Head nickel and the number one ranked sets for mint state and proof Liberty Nickels as ranked in the PCGS Set Registry.

Forsythe Championship Racing
Forsythe Championship Racing was an American racing team that competed in the Champ Car World Series owned by Gerald Forsythe. The Champ Car effort ceased operations after the 2008 unification of North American open wheel racing. The team won the 2003 championship with driver Paul Tracy.
Jimmy Lisle
Ronald James Lisle (19 September 1939 – 1 March 2003) was an Australian rugby union and rugby league footballer and a dual code rugby international.  He represented the Wallabies in 4 tests in 1961 and the Australia national rugby league team in 13 matches on the 1963 Kangaroo tour.

Michael Cleary (rugby)
Michael Arthur Cleary AO (born 30 April 1940) is an Australian former rugby union and rugby league footballer of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, and a politician. He represented Australia in both rugby codes as well as in athletics making him one of only four Australians who have represented their country at full international level in three different sports. He represented as a Wallaby in six Tests in 1961 and as a Kangaroo in eight Tests from 1962.
Kōkei (sculptor)
Kōkei (康慶, active 1175–1200) was a Japanese sculptor of the Kamakura period. He headed the Kei school during the reconstructions of Tōdai-ji and Kōfuku-ji. Although his works are still largely in the style established by Jōchō in the Heian period, Kōkei's sculpture show a move toward the greater realism that characterizes the works of his disciples Unkei, Kaikei, and Jōkei.

Kōfuku-ji
Kōfuku-ji (興福寺; Japanese pronunciation: [koꜜː.ɸɯ̥.kɯ.dʑi]) is a Buddhist temple in Japan that was once one of the powerful Nanto Shichi Daiji 'Seven Great Temples' in the city of Nara. The temple is the national headquarters of the East Asian Yogācāra school. It is part of the Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara, a World Heritage Site.
Princess Jeongshi
Princess Jeongsin of the Gaeseong Wang clan (Korean: 정신부주 왕씨; Hanja: 貞信府主 王氏; 1236 – 4 May 1319), firstly called as Princess Jeonghwa (정화궁주; 貞和宮主) or also known as Primary Consort Jeonghwa (정화원비; 貞和院妃), was a Goryeo royal family member as the granddaughter of Duke Yangyang who became the first wife of her third cousin once removed, King Chungnyeol and also the aunt of King Chungseon's 3rd wife.

Chungnyeol of Goryeo
Chungnyeol (3 April 1236 – 30 July 1308), personal name Wang Kŏ, was the 25th king of Korea's Goryeo dynasty from 1274 to 1308. He was the son of Wonjong, his predecessor on the throne. Chungnyeol was king during the Japan of Mongol Invasions, reluctantly aiding in the offensives.
Extinction event
An extinction event (also known as a mass extinction or biotic crisis) is a widespread and rapid decrease in the biodiversity on Earth. Such an event is identified by a sharp fall in the diversity and abundance of multicellular organisms. It occurs when the rate of extinction increases with respect to the background extinction rate and the rate of speciation.

Estimates of the number of major mass extinctions in the last 540 million years range from as few as five to more than twenty. These differences stem from disagreement as to what constitutes a "major" extinction event, and the data chosen to measure past diversity.

Background extinction rate
Background extinction rate (BER), also known as the normal extinction rate, refers to the standard rate of extinction in Earth's geological and biological history, excluding major extinction events, such as the current human-induced Holocene extinction. There have been five mass extinction events throughout Earth's history.
Brooksville Subdivision
CSX Transportation's Brooksville Subdivision is a railroad line in the Tampa Bay region of Florida. Today, the line runs from the Clearwater Subdivision in Sulphur Springs, Florida north to a point just north of Brooksville, a distance of 49.1 miles.  Historically, the Brooksville Subdivision was owned and operated by CSX predecessor, the Seaboard Air Line Railroad.  Under Seaboard ownership, the Brooksville Subdivision continued north as far as Waldo.

Main Line (Seaboard Air Line Railroad)
The Seaboard Air Line Railroad’s Main Line was the backbone of the Seaboard Air Line Railroad's network in the southeastern United States.  The main line ran from Richmond, Virginia to Tampa, Florida, a distance of over 800 miles.  While some segments of the line have been abandoned as of 2025, most of the line is still in service and is owned by the Seaboard Air Line's successor, CSX Transportation as their S Line.
John Snow College, Durham
John Snow College is a constituent college of Durham University. The college was founded in 2001 on the university's Queen's Campus in Stockton-on-Tees, before moving to Durham in 2018. The college takes its name from the nineteenth-century Yorkshire physician John Snow, one of the founders of modern epidemiology.

The college is a fully self-catered college of the university, and is relatively new in comparison to other existing Durham undergraduate colleges. Rooms in the college can be found in a mixture of flats and townhouses, with all rooms in flats being ensuite. The college also has extensive leisure facilities including a large dining and entertainment hall, a gym, a yoga and dance studio, a performance practice studio, and music rooms. It is now located on the Mount Oswald site, which opened in 2020.

Stephenson College, Durham
Stephenson College  (formally George Stephenson College, known colloquially as Stevo) is a constituent college of Durham University in Durham, England.

It was founded in 2001 as part the university's Queen's Campus in Thornaby-on-Tees. During 2017 to 2019, it relocated to the city of Durham, joining Josephine Butler College at the Howlands Farm site on Elvet Hill. It is named after George Stephenson, the 19th-century railway engineer and pioneer.
Akoko Edo
Akoko-Edo is a Local Government Area in Edo State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is Igarra. It has an area of 1,371 km2 and a population of 262,110 at the 2006 census. It consists of the Akoko people, who are split into Ondo and Edo States. Most are recognized as Yoruba and bear names identical to their counterparts in Akoko Ondo. The Benin conquests during the reign of Oba Ozolua (1483–1504) established its first settlements in the region, while other people including the Bida, migrated there in search of fortune. The war which Oba Esigie fought with the Attah of Idah in 1515–1516, would have also contributed to the migration of the Igbirra and Idah from the north and the east into the area.

The postal code of the area is 312.

As of 2016, its population density is 249.9/km2 [2016]

The first local government chairman is Chief Joshua B. Mayaki.

Akoko
The Akoko Listenⓘare a large Yoruba cultural sub-group in the Northeastern part of Yorubaland. The area spans from Ondo State to Edo State in southwest Nigeria. The Akokos as a subgroup make up 20.3% of the population of Ondo State, and 5.7% of the population of Edo State. Out of the present 18 Local Government Councils it constitutes four; Akoko North-East, Akoko North-West, Akoko South-East and Akoko South-West, as well as the Akoko Edo LGA of Edo State. The Adekunle Ajasin University, a state owned university with a capacity for about 20,000 tertiary education students and more than 50 departments in seven faculties is located in Akungba-Akoko. A state specialist hospital is situated at Ikare Akoko, while community general hospitals are located in Oka-Akoko, Irun-Akoko and Ipe-Akoko.

Arigidi, a dialect cluster, is spoken in the LGAs of Akoko North East, Akoko North West, Ekiti East, and Ijumu.
Promulgation (Catholic canon law)
In Catholic canon law, promulgation is the publication of a law by which it is made known publicly, and is required by canon law for the law to obtain legal effect. Universal laws are promulgated when they are published in Acta Apostolicae Sedis, and unless specified to the contrary, obtain legal force three months after promulgation. Particular laws are promulgated in various ways but by default take effect one month after promulgation.

Acta Apostolicae Sedis
Acta Apostolicae Sedis (Latin for 'Acts of the Apostolic See'), often cited as AAS, is the official gazette of the Holy See, appearing about twelve times a year. It was established by Pope Pius X on 29 September 1908 with the decree Promulgandi Pontificias Constitutiones, and publication began in January 1909. It contains all the principal decrees, encyclical letters, decisions of Roman congregations, and notices of ecclesiastical appointments. The laws contained in it are to be considered promulgated when published, and effective three months from date of issue, unless a shorter or longer time is specified in the law.
24 cm MRK L/30
The 24 cm MRK L/30 was a Krupp naval gun developed in the early 1880s. Together with the 24 cm K L/35, it implemented the ideas of using higher charges and longer projectiles for the Krupp 24 cm caliber.

24 cm MRK L/25.5
The 24 cm MRK L/25.5 was a Krupp prototype naval gun developed in the late 1870s. It was one of two guns that Krupp made to test the application of scientific discoveries with regard to gunpowder. These discoveries made it possible to use higher charges by enlarging the chamber of the gun. During an August 1879 test in Meppen, the gun pierced 51 cm of armor. This test prompted the last competitors to switch to steel guns and breech loading.
FIBA Saporta Cup Finals MVP
The FIBA Saporta Cup Finals MVP was an annual award that was given by the European-wide second-tier level professional club basketball competition, the FIBA Saporta Cup. It was given to the Most Valuable Player (MVP) of each season's FIBA Saporta Cup Finals.

FIBA Saporta Cup Finals
The FIBA Saporta Cup Finals was the championship finals series of the now defunct FIBA Saporta Cup competition. FIBA Saporta Cup was the name of the European-wide second-tier level professional club basketball competition. It was the competition in which the domestic National Cup winners from all over Europe played against each other. The competition was organized by FIBA Europe. It was named after the late Raimundo Saporta, a former Real Madrid director.
Peter Mauchan
Peter Mauchan (1882 – 5 November 1943) was a Scottish footballer who played for Spanish club FC Barcelona at the turn of the century. He was part of the infamous group of Scottish workers that formed Escocès FC. Peter is often confused with his younger brother, David Mauchan, who is often wrongly credited with being the one who played for Escocès FC and FC Barcelona, which is not possible as David was only born in 1895.

Escocès FC
The Escocès FC, officially founded as Escocés Fútbol Club, was a football team based in Barcelona, Spain, which existed only during the year 1900, playing a total of ten friendlies against the likes of FC Barcelona and Català FC. The team was formed and made up mostly of a group of Scottish workers from a factory in Sant Andreu de Palomar, hence its name.

Escocès FC is best remembered for its role in the amateur beginnings of football in Catalonia, most notably in FC Barcelona's beginnings, as at least four Scots who played for Escocès went on to join Barça, and were prominent figures in its early success. Furthermore, the Scots brought their more advanced knowledge of football to the region, a sport still relatively unknown in Barcelona at the time. Despite its very short life, Escocès FC left a big mark in the history of Catalan football.
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis is a rare immune-mediated blistering skin disease frequently associated with medication exposure, especially vancomycin, with men and women being equally affected.: 135   It was first described by Tadeusz Chorzelski in 1979 and may be divided into two types:: 587

Adult linear IgA disease is an acquired, autoimmune blistering disease that may present with a clinical pattern of vesicles indistinguishable from dermatitis herpetiformis, or with vesicles and bullae in a bullous pemphigoid-like appearance. This disease can often be difficult to treat even with usually effective medications such as rituximab.

Childhood linear IgA disease (also known as "Chronic bullous disease of childhood") is an acquired, self-limited bullous disease that may begin by the time the patient is age 2 to 3 and usually remits by age 13.

Dermatitis herpetiformis
Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a chronic autoimmune blistering skin condition, characterised by intensely itchy blisters filled with a watery fluid. DH is a cutaneous manifestation of coeliac disease, although the exact causal mechanism is not known. DH is neither related to nor caused by herpes virus; the name means that it is a skin inflammation having an appearance (Latin: -formis) similar to herpes.

The age of onset is usually about 15 to 40, but DH also may affect children and the elderly. Men are slightly more affected than women. Estimates of DH prevalence vary from 1 in 400 to 1 in 10,000. It is most common in patients of northern European and northern Indian ancestry, and is associated with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 along with coeliac disease and gluten sensitivity.

Dermatitis herpetiformis was first described by Louis Adolphus Duhring in 1884. A connection between DH and coeliac disease was recognized in 1967.
Gary Bradshaw
Gary Bradshaw (born 30 December 1982) is an English former professional footballer who played as a striker.

He notably played in the Football League for Hull City and Cheltenham Town, but spent the bulk of his career in non-league football with four spells over ten seasons with North Ferriby United and their eventual phoenix club North Ferriby. He also played for Scarborough, Harrogate Town, Scarborough Athletic, Hull United, AFC Mansfield and Hall Road Rangers.

Hull United A.F.C.
Hull United Association Football Club is a football club in Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. They were members of Division One of the Northern Counties East League after they were granted promotion from the Humber Premier League in the 2014–15 season, only to be demoted after just a single season. They are currently members of the Humber Premier League Premier Division.
They play at Haworth Park having formerly played at Dene Park and KC Lightstream Stadium.
British Columbia Highway 17
Highway 17 is a provincial highway in British Columbia, Canada. It comprises two separate sections connected by a ferry link. The Vancouver Island section is known as the Patricia Bay Highway and connects Victoria with the Swartz Bay ferry terminal in North Saanich. The Lower Mainland section is known as the South Fraser Perimeter Road (SFPR) and links the Tsawwassen ferry terminal with Delta and Surrey, terminating at an interchange with Highway 1 in the Fraser Valley.

Tsawwassen ferry terminal
Tsawwassen is a ferry terminal and a major transportation facility in Delta, British Columbia, part of the BC Ferries system and Highway 17. Positioned less than 500 metres (1,600 ft) from the 49th parallel along the Canada–United States border, it is located at the southwestern end of a 2-kilometre (1.2 mi) causeway that juts out into the Strait of Georgia off the mainland at the community of Tsawwassen. With an approximate size of 23 hectares (57 acres), it is the largest ferry terminal in North America.
The Best of Enjoy! Records
The Best of Enjoy! Records is a 1989 compilation album of early hip hop music released by the Enjoy! Records music label. The album was part of a series of compilation albums from Hot Records covering various releases from American and British independent music labels. Retrospective reviews of the album from The Rough Guide to Hip-Hop and Spin and the Oakland Tribune as containing some of the best music of early hip hop.

Enjoy Records
Enjoy Records was a record label owned and operated by Bobby Robinson from 1962 through the mid-1980s, and was run out of his record shop at 125th Street and 8th Ave. in Harlem. Starting with blues, R&B, and rock and roll, the label recorded many of the  original old-school hip hop groups and MCs, including Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, the Funky 4+1, Spoonie Gee, and the Treacherous Three, beginning in 1979. The label closed down in 1987, although Robinson's shop remained open.