hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fort Collins Municipal Railway
The Fort Collins Municipal Railway operated streetcars in Fort Collins, Colorado, from 1919 until 1951.  Since 1984, a section of one of the former routes has been in operation as a seasonal heritage streetcar service, under the same name, running primarily on Spring and Summer weekends.  The heritage service is operated by volunteers from the Fort Collins Municipal Railway Society (FCMRS).  The streetcar in use on the heritage line, Birney "Safety" Streetcar No. 21, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Fort Collins Municipal Railway Birney Safety Streetcar No. 21
Fort Collins Municipal Railway Birney Safety Streetcar No. 21 is a streetcar (or trolley) in Fort Collins, Colorado, listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.  Built in 1919 by the American Car Company for the Fort Collins Municipal Railway, it is a type of streetcar known as a Birney "Safety Car".  It was listed on the National Register in 1984 and is one of fewer than 10 streetcars listed.
Wellesley College
Wellesley College is a private women's liberal arts college in Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1870 by Henry and Pauline Durant as a female seminary, it is a member of the Seven Sisters Colleges, an unofficial grouping of women's colleges in the northeastern United States.

Wellesley enrolls approximately 2,500 students, including transgender, non-binary and genderqueer students since 2015. It contains 60 departmental and interdepartmental majors spanning the liberal arts, as well as over 150 student clubs and organizations. Wellesley athletes compete in the NCAA Division III New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference. Its 500-acre (200 ha) campus was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and houses the Davis Museum and a botanic garden.

Wellesley College Botanic Gardens
The Wellesley College Botanic Gardens are botanical gardens located on the campus of Wellesley College in Wellesley, Massachusetts. The greenhouses and 22 acres of outdoor gardens include thousands of plants representing over 1,500 different taxa from more than 150 different plant families.
5-APDB
5-APDB, also known as 5-(2-aminopropyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran or as 3-desoxy-MDA, is an entactogen of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and dihydrobenzofuran families. It is an analogue of MDA where the heterocyclic 3-position oxygen from the 3,4-methylenedioxy ring has been replaced by a methylene bridge. 6-APDB is an analogue of 5-APDB where the 4-position oxygen has been replaced by a methylene bridge instead. 5-APDB was developed by a team led by David E. Nichols at Purdue University as part of their research into non-neurotoxic analogues of MDMA and first described in 1993.

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine
3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) is an entactogen, stimulant, and psychedelic drug of the amphetamine and MDxx families that is encountered mainly as a recreational drug. It is usually taken orally.

In terms of its pharmacology, MDA is a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA) and a serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. It has a duration of 5 to 8 hours or around 6 hours typically.

MDA has a long history of psychotherapeutic and recreational use that predates that of MDMA, dating back to at least the mid-1960s. It has been described as the first entactogen. MDA has also been described as probably the most popular analogue of MDMA. In most countries, the drug is a controlled substance and its possession and sale are illegal.
W264AK
WQQO-HD2 (105.5-2 FM) – branded 100.7 The Ticket – is a digital subchannel of Sylvania radio station WQQO (105.5 FM). Owned by Cumulus Media, WQQO-HD2 functions as a commercial sports radio station, serving the Toledo metropolitan area and much of surrounding Northwest Ohio, and also acts as the Toledo market affiliate for ESPN Radio and the Michigan Sports Network. Using the proprietary technology HD Radio for its main digital transmission, WQQO-HD2 also rebroadcasts over low-power analog Toledo translator W264AK (100.7 FM), and streams online. The WQQO-HD2 studios, and the WQQO-HD2 and W264AK transmitters, are co-located in Toledo's Scott Park neighborhood.

WQQO
WQQO (105.5 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Sylvania, Ohio, carrying a hot adult contemporary format known as "Q105". Owned by Cumulus Media, the station serves the Toledo metropolitan area and much of surrounding Northwest Ohio. WQQO's studio is located near UTMC on Arlington near Byrne road. The transmitter is located in Toledo's Scott Park neighborhood. Besides a standard analog transmission, WQQO broadcasts over two HD Radio channels, and is available online; WQQO-HD2 carries a sports talk format branded as "ESPN 100.7 The Ticket", which is relayed over low-power analog translator W264AK.
First Battle of Mount Hermon
The First Battle of Mount Hermon was fought at the outset of the Yom Kippur War between the Syrian Army and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). On Yom Kippur, October 6, 1973, Syrian commandos attacked and captured the IDF outpost on Mount Hermon. Two days later, the Syrians repelled an Israeli counterattack in the Second Battle of Mount Hermon. It was eventually recaptured by Israel on October 21 in the Third Battle.

Third Battle of Mount Hermon
The Third Battle of Mount Hermon was fought on the night of October 21–22, 1973, between the Israeli Army and the Syrian Army over Mount Hermon, during the last days of the Yom Kippur War. Syrian troops had captured the IDF outpost on the mountain on October 6, and held it for two weeks. In the third battle, codenamed Operation Dessert (Hebrew: מבצע קינוח, Mivtza Kinu'ah), Israeli troops captured the Israeli outpost and the Syrian one.
Coat of arms of Croatia
The coat of arms of the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Grb Republike Hrvatske) consists of one main shield and five smaller shields which form a crown over the main shield. The main coat of arms is a checkerboard that consists of 13 red and 12 white fields (called in blazon Chequy of twenty-five gules and argent). It is also informally known in Croatian as šahovnica ("chessboard", from šah, "chess"). The five smaller shields represent five different historical regions within Croatia. The checkerboard as a heraldic symbol of Croatia was introduced in the late 15th century, and officially since 1527 election in Cetin, replacing the original coat of arms of the Kingdom of Croatia and Dalmatia.

Coat of arms of Dalmatia
The coat of arms of Dalmatia is the heraldic symbol used for the historical region of Dalmatia on the eastern coast of Adriatic Sea, and previously the Kingdom of Croatia and Dalmatia until early 16th century. It is also featured on the crest of the coat of arms of Croatia. The arms have three golden lion heads, facing front, with golden crowns and red tongues, on a blue shield. The blazon, or formal heraldic description, is azure, with three crowned golden leopards' heads affrontés caboshed Or, langued in gules. The lions' heads affrontés were historically referred to as leopards, but this refers to their pose rather than species.
Search engine marketing
Search engine marketing (SEM) is a form of Internet marketing that involves the promotion of websites by increasing their visibility in search engine results pages (SERPs) primarily through paid advertising. SEM may incorporate search engine optimization (SEO), which adjusts or rewrites website content and site architecture to achieve a higher ranking in search engine results pages to enhance pay-per-click (PPC) listings and increase the call to action (CTA) on the website.

Search engine optimization
Search engine optimization (SEO) is the practice of improving the visibility and performance of websites and web pages in search engine results pages (SERPs). It focuses on increasing the quantity and quality of traffic from unpaid (organic) search results rather than paid advertising. SEO applies to multiple search formats, including web, image, video, news, academic, and vertical search engines, as well as AI-assisted search interfaces.

SEO is commonly used as part of a broader digital marketing strategy and involves optimizing technical infrastructure, content relevance, and authority signals to improve rankings for user queries. The objective of SEO is to attract users who are actively searching for information, products, or services, thereby supporting brand visibility, user engagement, and conversions.
Wendy's
Wendy's International, LLC, is an American international fast food restaurant chain founded by Dave Thomas on November 15, 1969, in Columbus, Ohio. Its headquarters moved to Dublin, Ohio, on January 29, 2006. On September 29, 2008, the company merged with Triarc, the publicly traded parent company of Arby's. As of December 31, 2018, Wendy's was the world's third-largest hamburger fast-food chain, following McDonald's and Burger King.

As of November 2, 2023, there were 7,166 Wendy's outlets, of which 415 are company-owned and 6,751 franchised, 83% of which are in the United States. The company specifies stores' standards; owners control opening hours, decor, and staff uniforms and pay.

The chain serves square hamburger patties on circular buns, sea salt fries, and the Frosty, soft ice cream mixed with starches. The food menu consists primarily of hamburgers, chicken sandwiches, and French fries. The company discontinued its Big Classic signature sandwich.

The Wendy's Company
The Wendy's Company is an American fast food corporation and the holding company for Wendy's and First Kitchen. Originally founded as the Deisel-Wemmer Company, it is headquartered in Dublin, Ohio. The company's principal subsidiary, Wendy's International, is the franchisor of Wendy's restaurants.
Stewart Manor, New York
Stewart Manor (formerly known as Sunrise Gardens) is a village in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. It is considered part of the Greater Garden City area, which is anchored by the Village of Garden City. The population was 1,992 at the time of the 2020 census.

Garden City, New York
Garden City is a village in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 23,272 at the time of the 2020 census.

The Incorporated Village of Garden City is primarily within the town of Hempstead, except for a small area at the northern tip of the village that is within North Hempstead. It is the Greater Garden City area's anchor community.
Celestino Alfonso
Célestino Alfonso (1 May 1916, at Ituero de Azaba, Salamanca province, Spain – 21 February 1944, at Fort Mont-Valérien, France) was a Spanish republican, a volunteer in the French liberation army FTP-MOI, and a part of the resistance operation led by Missak Manouchian.  He was, by profession, a carpenter.

His name will be inscribed in the Panthéon on the entrance to Manouchian's crypt, making him the first Spaniard honored by the Panthéon.

FTP-MOI
The Francs-tireurs et partisans – main-d'œuvre immigrée (FTP-MOI) were a sub-group of the Francs-tireurs et partisans (FTP) organization, a component of the French Resistance. A wing composed mostly of foreigners, the MOI maintained an armed force to oppose the German occupation of France during World War II. The Main-d'œuvre immigrée was the "Immigrant Movement" of the FTP.

The last surviving member of the FTP-MOI's Manouchian Group, resistance fighter Arsène Tchakarian, died in August 2018.
Samsung Galaxy S23
The Samsung Galaxy S23 is a series of high-end Android-based smartphones developed, manufactured, and marketed by Samsung Electronics as part of its flagship Galaxy S series. The phones were announced and unveiled on February 1, 2023, at the Galaxy Unpacked in-person event, while the Galaxy S23 FE (alongside the Galaxy Tab S9 FE/FE+) was unveiled on October 3, 2023. They collectively serve as the successor to the Samsung Galaxy S22 series and the S21 FE. The first three phones were released in the United States and Europe on February 17, 2023, while the Fan Edition was released globally on October 26, 2023.

The Galaxy S23 series was succeeded by the Galaxy S24 series, which was announced on January 17, 2024.

Samsung Galaxy S22
The Samsung Galaxy S22 is a series of high-end Android-based smartphones developed, manufactured, and marketed by Samsung Electronics as part of its flagship Galaxy S series, all which were unveiled at Samsung's Galaxy Unpacked event on February 9, 2022, and were released on February 25, 2022, alongside the Galaxy Tab S8 series. The latter model serves as the official successor to the Galaxy Note 20 and the Note line-up, housing an integrated S-Pen. They collectively serve as the successor to the Samsung Galaxy S21 series, except the S21 FE. This series marks the first time to not have a FE model since the release of the Galaxy S20 FE.

The Galaxy S22 was succeeded by the Galaxy S23, which was announced on February 1, 2023.
Julia Neilson
Julia Emilie Neilson (12 June 1868 – 27 May 1957) was an English actress best known for her numerous performances as Lady Blakeney in The Scarlet Pimpernel, for her roles in many tragedies and historical romances, and for her portrayal of Rosalind in a long-running production of As You Like It.

After establishing her reputation in a series of plays by W. S. Gilbert in 1888, Neilson joined the company of Herbert Beerbohm Tree, where she remained for five years, meeting her future husband, Fred Terry (brother to actresses Kate, Ellen, Marion and Florence Terry and great uncle of John Gielgud). With Terry, she played in London and on tour for nearly three decades. She was the mother of the actress Phyllis Neilson-Terry and actor Dennis Neilson-Terry.

Phyllis Neilson-Terry
Phyllis Neilson-Terry (15 October 1892 – 25 September 1977) was an English actress. She was a member of the third generation of the theatrical dynasty the Terry family. After early successes in the classics, including several leading Shakespearean roles, she spent more than four years in the US, in generally lightweight presentations.

Returning to England in 1919 she pursued a varied career, including cabaret, pantomime and variety as well as returning to Shakespeare and other classics. One of her last major roles was in Terence Rattigan's Separate Tables (1954) in which she played in the West End and on Broadway.
Qinghai Provincial People's Government
The Qinghai Provincial People's Government is the local administrative agency of Qinghai. It is officially elected by the Qinghai Provincial People's Congress and is formally responsible to the Qinghai Provincial People's Congress and its Standing Committee. Under the country's one-party system, the governor is subordinate to the secretary of the Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. The Provincial government is headed by a governor, currently Luo Dongchuan.

Governor of Qinghai
The governor of Qinghai, officially the Governor of the Qinghai Provincial People's Government, is the head of Qinghai Province and leader of the Qinghai Provincial People's Government.

The governor is elected by the Qinghai Provincial People's Congress, and responsible to it and its Standing Committee. The governor is a provincial level official and is responsible for the overall decision-making of the provincial government. The governor is assisted by an executive vice governor as well as several vice governors. The governor generally serves as the deputy secretary of the Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and as a member of the CCP Central Committee. The governor is the second highest-ranking official in the province after the secretary of the CCP Qinghai Committee. The current governor is Luo Dongchuan, who took office on 4 January 2025.
Larfleeze
Larfleeze, also known as Agent Orange, is a  supervillain appearing in comics published by DC Comics, usually as an antagonist in books featuring Green Lantern and the Green Lantern Corps. He is the primary wielder of the orange light of avarice, derived from the emotional spectrum of greed, and does not voluntarily allow others to wield it.

The character first appeared in Green Lantern vol 4 #25 (January 2008), and was created by writer Geoff Johns and artist Ethan Van Sciver.

Green Lantern Corps
The Green Lantern Corps is a law enforcement agency appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Co-created by writer John Broome and artist Gil Kane, the organization first appeared along with member Hal Jordan in Showcase #22 in 1959.

The agency patrols the farthest reaches of the DC Universe at the behest of the Guardians, a race of immortals residing on the planet Oa. According to DC continuity, the Green Lantern Corps have been in existence for three billion years. Currently operating amongst the 3600 "sectors" of the universe, there are 7204 members (known commonly as Green Lanterns). Each Green Lantern is given a power ring, a tool granting the use of incredible abilities that are directed by the wearer's own willpower.
Cornish Nationalist Party
The Cornish Nationalist Party (CNP; Cornish: An Parti Kenedhlek Kernow) is a political party founded in 1975. It initially campaigned for independence for Cornwall but later supported devolved powers under central UK control.

The CNP should not be confused other Cornish nationalist parties, including Mebyon Kernow (MK) from which the CNP split in 1975, or the similarly named Cornish National Party, which split from MK in 1969.

Cornish nationalism
Cornish nationalism is a cultural, political and social movement that seeks the recognition of Cornwall – the south-westernmost part of the island of Great Britain – as a nation distinct from England.

Cornish nationalism is usually based on three general arguments:

that Cornwall has a Celtic cultural identity separate from that of England, and that the Cornish people have a national, civic or ethnic identity separate from that of English people;

that Cornwall should be granted a degree of devolution or autonomy, usually in the form of a Cornish national assembly;

and that Cornwall is legally a territorial and constitutional Duchy with the right to veto Westminster legislation, not merely a county of England, and has never been formally incorporated into England via an Act of Union.
BMW N53
The BMW N53 is a naturally aspirated straight-6 petrol engine which was produced from 2006 to 2013. The N53 replaced the BMW N52 in certain markets and debuted on the post-facelift E60 5 Series.

In European markets, the N53 began replacing its port-injected parent, the BMW N52, in 2007. Markets such as the United States, Canada, Australia, and Malaysia retained the N52, as the N53 was deemed unsuitable due to the high sulfur content of local fuel.

The N52 and N53 are the last naturally aspirated straight-six engines produced by BMW, ending a history of continuous production of this engine configuration since the BMW M30 in 1968. In 2011, the N52 began to be replaced by the BMW N20 turbocharged four-cylinder engine. N53 production ceased in 2013.

There is no BMW M version of the N53. The BMW N54 turbocharged straight-6 engine was produced alongside the N53.

BMW N54
The BMW N54 is a twin-turbocharged straight-six petrol engine that was produced from 2006 to 2016. It is BMW's first mass-produced turbocharged petrol engine and BMW's first turbocharged petrol engine since the limited-production BMW M106 was discontinued in 1986. The N54 debuted at the 2006 Geneva Motor Show and was launched in the 335i model of the E90/E91/E92/E93 3 Series range.

Following the introduction of its BMW N55 successor in 2009, the N54 began to be phased out. The final model powered by the N54 is the E89 Z4 roadster, which was produced until 2016.

The N54 has won six straight International Engine of the Year awards and three straight Ward's 10 Best Engines awards.

There is no BMW M version of the N54, however a high-output version of the N54 is used in the 1 Series M Coupe, Z4 35iS and 335iS models.
Destroy All Humans!
Destroy All Humans! is an open world action-adventure video game franchise that is designed as a parody of Cold War-era alien invasion films. Destroy All Humans! and Destroy All Humans! 2 were released for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox; Destroy All Humans! Big Willy Unleashed was released for the Wii; and Destroy All Humans! Path of the Furon was released for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. Remakes of the original game and its sequel were developed by Black Forest Games and were released in 2020 and 2022, respectively.

The two main protagonists of the series are voiced by J. Grant Albrecht and Richard Steven Horvitz, with the exception of the game Big Willy Unleashed, in which actors Sean Donnellan and Darryl Kurylo portray the characters. The musical score for the series is performed by composer Garry Schyman.

Destroy All Humans! Big Willy Unleashed
Destroy All Humans! Big Willy Unleashed is a 2008 action-adventure video game developed by Locomotive Games and published by THQ for the Wii and is the third installment in the Destroy All Humans! franchise. A PlayStation 2 version was originally going to be released alongside the Wii, but was ultimately canceled because of budget cuts. A PlayStation Portable version was also canceled, due to "control issues" involved with translating the Wii version's controls to the port.
Eardrum
In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. Its function is to transmit changes in pressure of sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear, and thence to the oval window in the fluid-filled cochlea. The ear thereby converts and amplifies vibration in the air to vibration in cochlear fluid. The malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles.

Rupture or perforation of the eardrum can lead to conductive hearing loss. Collapse or retraction of the eardrum can cause conductive hearing loss or cholesteatoma.

Perforated eardrum
A perforated eardrum (tympanic membrane perforation) is a prick in the eardrum. It can be caused by infection (otitis media), trauma, overpressure (loud noise), inappropriate ear clearing, and changes in middle ear pressure. An otoscope can be used to view the eardrum to diagnose a perforation. Perforations may heal naturally or require surgery.
Plant-induced systemic resistance
Induced systemic resistance (ISR) is a resistance mechanism in plants that is activated by infection. Its mode of action does not depend on direct killing or inhibition of the invading pathogen, but rather on increasing physical or chemical barrier of the host plant. Like the Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) a plant can develop defenses against an invader such as a pathogen or parasite if an infection takes place. In contrast to SAR, which is triggered by the accumulation of salicylic acid, ISR instead relies on signal transduction pathways activated by jasmonate and ethylene.

Systemic acquired resistance
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a "whole-plant" resistance response that occurs following an earlier localized exposure to a pathogen. SAR is analogous to the innate immune system found in animals, and although there are many shared aspects between the two systems, it is thought to be a result of convergent evolution. The systemic acquired resistance response is dependent on the plant hormone, salicylic acid.