hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Censorship in the Soviet Union
Censorship in the Soviet Union was pervasive and strictly enforced.

Censorship was performed in two main directions:

State secrets were handled by the General Directorate for the Protection of State Secrets in the Press (also known as Glavlit), which was in charge of censoring all publications and broadcasting for state secrets

Censorship, in accordance with the official ideology and politics of the Communist Party was performed by several organizations:
Goskomizdat censored all printed matter: fiction, poetry, etc.
Goskino, in charge of cinema
Gosteleradio, in charge of radio and television broadcasting
The First Department in many agencies and institutions, such as the State Statistical Committee (Goskomstat), was responsible for assuring that state secrets and other sensitive information only reached authorized hands.

General Directorate for the Protection of State Secrets in the Press
Main Directorate for the Protection of State Secrets in the Press under the Council of Ministers of the USSR (Russian: Главное управление по охране государственных тайн в печати при СМ СССР) was the official  censorship and state secret protection organ in the Soviet Union. The censorship agency was established in 1922 under the name "Main Administration for Literary and Publishing Affairs at the RSFSR Narkompros", abbreviated as Glavlit (Главлит). The latter term was in semiofficial use until the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Since the word "Glavlit" hints at "literature", the organization is often confused with Goskomizdat, which performed another type of censorship: it controlled the political content in fiction, poetry, etc.
Sarah Frances Whiting
Sarah Frances Whiting (August 23, 1847 – September 12, 1927) was an American physicist and astronomer. In February 1896 Whiting founded both the physics and astronomy departments; and was the first professor of physics and astronomy at Wellesley College, where she taught for over 30 years. At Wellesley College, Whiting instructed several notable astronomers and physicists, including Annie Jump Cannon. Whiting was one of the founders and the first director of the Whitin Observatory.

Annie Jump Cannon
Annie Jump Cannon (/ˈkænən/; December 11, 1863 – April 13, 1941) was an American astronomer whose cataloging work was instrumental in the development of contemporary stellar classification. With Edward C. Pickering, she is credited with the creation of the Harvard Classification Scheme, which was the first serious attempt to organize and classify stars based on their temperatures and spectral types. She was nearly deaf throughout her career after 1893, as a result of scarlet fever. She was a suffragist and a member of the National Women's Party.
Philip Goff (philosopher)
Philip Goff is a British author, panpsychist philosopher, and professor at Durham University whose research focuses on philosophy of mind and consciousness. Specifically, it focuses on how consciousness can be part of the scientific worldview. Goff holds that materialism is "incoherent" and that dualism leads to "complexity, discontinuity and mystery". Instead, he advocates a "third way", a version of Russellian monism that attempts to account for reality's intrinsic nature by positing that consciousness is a fundamental, ubiquitous feature of the physical world. "The basic commitment is that the fundamental constituents of reality—perhaps electrons and quarks—have incredibly simple forms of experience."

Panpsychism
In philosophy of mind, panpsychism (/pænˈsaɪkɪzəm/) is the view that the mind or consciousness is a fundamental and ubiquitous feature of reality. It is also described as a theory that "the mind is a fundamental feature of the world which exists throughout the universe". It is one of the oldest philosophical theories and has been ascribed, in some form, to philosophers including Thales, Plato, Spinoza, Leibniz, Schopenhauer, William James, Alfred North Whitehead, and Bertrand Russell. In the 19th century, panpsychism was the default philosophy of mind in Western thought, but it saw a decline in the mid-20th century with the rise of logical positivism. Recent interest in the hard problem of consciousness and developments in the fields of neuroscience, psychology, and quantum mechanics have revived interest in panpsychism in the 21st century, because it addresses the hard problem directly.
Pascoal Ranieri Mazzilli
Pascoal Ranieri Mazzilli (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [pasˈkwaw ʁaniˈɛɾi maˈzili]; 27 April 1910 – 21 April 1975) was a Brazilian politician who served as Federal Deputy from 1951 to 1967 and President of the Chamber of Deputies (speaker of the house) from 1958 to 1965. During his term as speaker of the house, he served twice as interim president of Brazil for a few weeks, first in 1961, after the resignation of Jânio Quadros (as vice-president João Goulart was outside the country), and again in 1964, after Goulart, who had then succeeded him as president, was deposed in the military coup d'état of that year.

João Goulart
João Belchior Marques Goulart (/ˈʒwaʊn/ ZHWOWN; Brazilian Portuguese: [ʒuˈɐ̃w bewkiˈɔʁ ˈmaʁkiz ɡuˈlaʁ]; 1 March 1919 – 6 December 1976), commonly known as Jango, was a Brazilian politician who served as the president of Brazil from 1961 until a military coup d'état deposed him in 1964. He was considered the last left-wing president of Brazil until Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva took office in 2003.
Louis Rolfe
Louis Rolfe (born 21 July 1997) is a British Paralympic track cyclist competing in C2 classification events. Rolfe came to note as a cyclist during the 2016 UCI Para-cycling Track World Championships where he was part of the gold medal-winning British team sprint event along with fellow cyclists Jon-Allan Butterworth and Jody Cundy.

Jody Cundy
Jody Alan Cundy (born 14 October 1978) is a British cyclist and former swimmer from Wisbech, England. He has represented Great Britain at eight Summer Paralympics winning nine Gold, one Silver and three Bronze medals across swimming and cycling events. He has also competed in multiple World Championships, winning 24 world titles (21 in Cycling and 3 in Swimming), the most recent coming at the World Championships in Rio de Janeiro in March 2024.
Shivalaya, Parbat
Shivalaya (शिवालय) is a place and older name of Kushma Municipality in Parbat District in the Dhawalagiri Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 5234 people living in 1076 individual households.

Shivalaya VDC consist the headquarters of Parbat district; Kushma which is even known as Kusumpuri. It is easy to access to two giant rivers Kaligandaki which is famous for river rafting and Madi Khola which has potentiality of hydro electricity. It has even  very famous cave which is virgin to the many tourists of the world "Gupteshwor cave; that is really amazing to the visitors and it has longest distance ever to other caves of Nepal. It takes about two complete hours to visit and come out. Recently the longest and at the height point a suspensional bridge is made which has attracted many tourists.

Kushma
Kushma is a small city and the headquarter of Parbat District in Nepal. Kushma municipality was formed by merging thirteen village development committees  Pang, Khurkot, Durlung, Shivalaya, Chuwa, Katuwa Chaupari, Pipaltari and Pakuwa on 18 May 2014.

This city lies in the western part of Nepal just about 57 km from  Pokhara and 12 km from Baglung. Kushma falls under Western Development Region and Dhaulagiri Zone of Nepal. It is located at 28°13'06N 83°40'45E at an altitude of 1294  meters. Kusma Bazaar straddling a narrow and high strip of land between the banks of Kaligandaki and Modi is the main market centre of the municipality. A bridge joins Kushma with Gyadichour located on the other side of the deep Modi river canyon.
Camp Rock
Camp Rock is a 2008 musical television film directed by Matthew Diamond from a screenplay by Karin Gist, Regina Hicks, Julie Brown, and Paul Brown. The 73rd Disney Channel Original Movie (DCOM), the film stars Demi Lovato, Joe Jonas, Meaghan Jette Martin, Maria Canals-Barrera, Daniel Fathers, and Alyson Stoner. In the film, aspiring teenage singer Mitchie Torres (Lovato) visits Camp Rock, a summer music camp.

The film premiered on Disney Channel on June 20, 2008. Camp Rock was the second DCOM to air on ABC's The Wonderful World of Disney after its premiere on Disney Channel and was placed on the iTunes Store for digital purchase shortly after its premiere. The film was watched by 8.9 million viewers on the night of its premiere and is currently the third highest viewed DCOM of all time, behind High School Musical 2 and Wizards of Waverly Place: The Movie. A sequel, Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam, premiered on September 3, 2010.

Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam
Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam is a 2010 musical television film directed by Paul Hoen from a screenplay by Regina Hicks, Karin Gist, and Dan Berendsen. The 80th Disney Channel Original Movie, the film is the sequel to Camp Rock (2008) and stars Demi Lovato, the Jonas Brothers, Maria Canals-Barrera, Meaghan Jette Martin, and Alyson Stoner. The film premiered on Disney Channel on September 3, 2010 (2010-09-03). A sequel, Camp Rock 3, is in development.
Chatburn
Chatburn is a village, civil parish and electoral ward in the Ribble Valley, East Lancashire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 1,102. Situated in a hollow between two ridges north-east of Clitheroe, just off the A59 road, relatively near Pendle Hill south-east of the village. Lanehead quarry is situated to the West at the termination of Chatburn Old Road. Ribble lane at 240 above sea level leads down to the River Ribble North of the village, the top of Downham road being 150 feet higher.

The parish adjoins the Ribble Valley parishes of Grindleton, Sawley, Rimington, Downham, Worston, Clitheroe and West Bradford.

Clitheroe
Clitheroe (/ˈklɪðəroʊ/) is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England; it is located 34 miles (55 km) north-west of Manchester. It is near the Forest of Bowland and is often used as a base for tourists visiting the area. In 2018, the Clitheroe built-up area had an estimated population of 16,279.

The town was listed in the 2017 The Sunday Times report on the best places to live in Northern England, while the wider Ribble Valley, of which Clitheroe is the most populous settlement, was listed in the 2018 and 2024 Sunday Times report on the best places to live. Clitheroe and the wider Ribble Valley have also been listed as healthiest and happiest place to live in the United Kingdom.

The town's most notable building is Clitheroe Castle, which is one of the smallest Norman keeps in Great Britain. Several manufacturing companies have sites here, including Dugdale Nutrition, Hanson Cement, Johnson Matthey and Tarmac.
Borough of Great Yarmouth
The Borough of Great Yarmouth is a local government district with borough status in Norfolk, England. It is named after its main town, Great Yarmouth, and also contains the town of Gorleston-on-Sea and a number of villages and rural areas, including part of The Broads. Other notable settlements include Bastwick, Belton, Bradwell, Burgh Castle, Caister-on-Sea, California, Fleggburgh, Hemsby, Martham, Hopton-on-Sea, Ormesby St Margaret, Rollesby, St Olaves, Scratby, Stokesby and Winterton-on-Sea.

The borough is on the east coast of Norfolk, facing the North Sea. It borders North Norfolk to the north, Broadland to the west, South Norfolk to the south-west, and East Suffolk to the south.

Repps with Bastwick
Repps with Bastwick is a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. It comprises the adjacent villages of Bastwick and Repps, which are situated some 16 km (9.9 mi) north-west of the town of Great Yarmouth and 22 km (14 mi) north-east of the city of Norwich. The parish borders the River Thurne and Bastwick is at the south end of the bridge which carries the A149 road over that river to the village of Potter Heigham.

The civil parish has an area of 5.1 km2 (2.0 sq mi) and in the 2001 census had a population of 401 in 172 households, the population reducing to 391 in the 2011 Census. For the purposes of local government, the parish falls within the district of Great Yarmouth.

The church of Repps-with-Bastwick St Peter is one of 124 existing round-tower churches in Norfolk.
Death and funeral of Pope Francis
On 21 April 2025 (Easter Monday), at 07:35 CEST (UTC+2), Pope Francis died at the age of 88 at Domus Sanctae Marthae in Vatican City. His death was announced by Cardinal Kevin Farrell, the Camerlengo, in a broadcast by Vatican Media and in a video statement at 09:45 on the same day. Francis had served as pope, the head of the Catholic Church, for twelve years since his election on 13 March 2013.

Francis's death followed a five-week stay in hospital a month earlier, where he suffered from a respiratory tract infection and double pneumonia. The cause of his death was officially registered as a stroke followed by irreversible cardiac arrest. Francis's Requiem Mass was celebrated on 26 April, five days after his death, and he was buried at Santa Maria Maggiore. The consequent conclave, which began on 7 May, elected Robert Francis Prevost as Francis's successor, who took the papal name Leo XIV, and was inaugurated on 18 May.

2025 conclave
A conclave was held on 7 and 8 May 2025 to elect a new pope to succeed Francis, who had died on 21 April 2025. Of the 135 eligible cardinal electors, all but two attended. On the fourth ballot, the conclave elected Cardinal Robert Francis Prevost, the prefect of the Dicastery for Bishops and president of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America. After accepting his election, he took the name Leo XIV.
The Rockafeller Skank
"The Rockafeller Skank" is a song by English big beat musician and DJ Fatboy Slim. It was released as the lead single from his second studio album, You've Come a Long Way, Baby (1998), on 8 June 1998. The single peaked at number six on the UK Singles Chart in June 1998 and topped the Icelandic Singles Chart for a week the same month. It was the second Fatboy Slim single (after "Praise You") to chart on the US Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 76. In 2022 and 2025, Rolling Stone and Billboard magazine included "The Rockafeller Skank" in their lists of the greatest dance songs of all time.

Praise You
"Praise You" is a song by the English big beat musician Fatboy Slim. It was released as the third single from his second studio album, You've Come a Long Way, Baby (1998), on 4 January 1999. It reached number one in the United Kingdom and Iceland, number four in Canada, number six in Ireland, and number 36 in the United States. As of 1999, it had sold over 150,000 copies in the US.
Puyuma Express
The Puyuma Express (Chinese: 普悠瑪號; pinyin: Pǔyōumǎ Hào) is a type of railway service on Taiwan Railway Corporation (TR) notable for using tilting trains. It began commercial service on 6 February 2013 during the Spring Festival.

Puyuma Express was commissioned by the then Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) in order to upgrade the Taiwanese rail system. As the mountains of Taiwan are a barrier to coast-to-coast transportation, motor travel is prone to congestion. The high speed and capacity of the service helps to alleviate this problem. Puyuma Express also increases passenger capacity on TR. The maximum operational speed of Puyuma Express is 150 km/h (93 mph), making it the fastest service of TR. Puyuma Express belongs to the Tze-chiang limited express class of TRA services in terms of fares; however, it is a reservation-only service similar to the Taroko Express, with no standing passengers allowed.

Taroko Express
The Taroko Express (Chinese: 太魯閣號; pinyin: Tàilǔgé Hào) is an express train service of Taiwan Railway Corporation, and is part of Tze-Chiang Limited Express. The name of the service comes from the 19-kilometre (12-mile) long Taroko Gorge, which is one of Taiwan's most popular tourist spots, and the Truku people. It began commercial operations on 16 February 2007.

The Taroko Express uses the tilting electrical multiple unit series known as TEMU1000 based on the JR Kyushu 885 series. They were imported to Taiwan in 2006; since 2007, they have been running between Hualien and Taipei City, on the curved Yilan line at the existing narrow gauge tracks, where they reduced traveling time between the two places from previously 3 hours down to about 2 hours. Some trains also continue from Taipei to Tianzhong. Its maximum operational speed is 130 kilometres per hour (81 mph).

On 2 April 2021, a Taroko Express train derailed in Hualien County, killing 49 people with many others injured.
Kids Creek
44°45′48″N 85°37′40″W﻿ / ﻿44.76333°N 85.62778°W﻿ / 44.76333; -85.62778

Kids Creek is a stream in Grand Traverse County, Michigan in the United States. The stream is a tributary of the Boardman River, which itself flows into Grand Traverse Bay, a bay of Lake Michigan. The stream drains an area of about 7 square miles (18 km2). The stream is so named because fishing in the stream was originally restricted to children. Previous names for the stream include Mill Creek, Hospital Creek, and Asylum Creek.

Boardman River
The Boardman River (/bɔːrdmən/ BORD-mən), also known as the Ottaway River (/ɒtəweɪ/ AH-tə-way) or the Boardman–Ottaway River, is a 28.2-mile-long (45.4 km) river in the northwestern Lower Peninsula of Michigan. It rises in western Kalkaska County, and flows west and north through Grand Traverse County to end in downtown Traverse City at the Grand Traverse Bay, a bay of Lake Michigan. The river's watershed drains an area of 295 square miles (760 km2) through a combined 130 miles (210 km) of river and tributaries. Additionally, the Boardman River is considered one of the top ten trout streams in Michigan.
Yonge streetcar line
Beginning operation in 1861, the Yonge streetcar line was the first streetcar line in Toronto and the first in Canada. It started off as a horsecar line and closed in 1954 operating two-unit trains of Peter Witt motors pulling a trailer. Under the Toronto Transportation Commission, the Yonge line was the busiest and most congested streetcar line in the city leading to its replacement in 1954 by the Yonge Subway line, also Toronto's first and the first in Canada.

Line 1 Yonge–University
Line 1 Yonge–University is a rapid transit line of the Toronto subway. It serves Toronto and the neighbouring city of Vaughan in Ontario, Canada. Operated by the Toronto Transit Commission, it has 38 stations and is 38.4 kilometres (23.9 miles) in length, making it the longest line on the subway system. It opened as the "Yonge subway" in 1954 as Canada's first underground passenger rail line and was extended multiple times between 1963 and 2017. As of 2010, Line 1 was the busiest rapid transit line in Canada, and one of the busiest lines in North America. In the 12 months ending August 2024, it averaged over 625,000 riders per weekday.
AMI Comprehensive Evaluation Report
The AMI Comprehensive Evaluation Report of Chinese Journals of Humanities and Social Sciences (Chinese: 《中国人文社会科学期刊AMI综合评价报告》; pinyin: Zhōngguó Rénwén Shèhuì Kēxué Qīkān AMI Zònghé Píngjià Bàogào), commonly known as the AMI Comprehensive Evaluation Report (AMI核心期刊), is an academic evaluation system and report developed by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS). The system is one of the three major journal evaluation frameworks officially recognized in China’s humanities and social sciences, alongside Nanjing University’s Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index (CSSCI) and Peking University’s A Guide to the Core Journals of China (commonly known as the Peking University Core Journals List).

A Guide to the Core Journals of China
A Guide to the Core Journals of China (Chinese: 《中国核心期刊要目总览》; pinyin: Zhōngguó Héxīn Qīkān Yàomù Zǒnglǎn) is an academic bibliographic reference work that lists and evaluates leading academic journals published in the People's Republic of China. It is one of the most influential journal evaluation systems in the Chinese mainland, widely used in higher education, research institutions, and library cataloging.
Club Nacional (Peru)
The National Club (Spanish: Club Nacional) is a private club and civil association based in the Plaza San Martín of the Historic Centre of Lima. Founded on October 19, 1855, it has been the meeting place for the Peruvian aristocracy throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, as its members are members of the most distinguished and wealthy families in the country.

Of its kind, it has been considered one of the ten best and most elegant clubs in the world for its facilities, bibliographic heritage and services.

Plaza San Martín, Lima
San Martín Square (Spanish: Plaza San Martín) is one of the most representative public spaces of the city of Lima, Peru. It is located at the ninth block of Colmena avenue, within the Historic Centre of Lima which was declared a World Heritage Site in 1988 by UNESCO. It is located near the Plaza Mayor and is connected to it by the Jiron de la Union. Its central monument gives homage to Peru's liberator, José de San Martín.
Kenneth Mapp
Kenneth Ezra "Ken" Mapp (born November 2, 1955) is an American politician who served as the eighth governor of the United States Virgin Islands, from 2015 to 2019. Though a registered Republican, Mapp was elected Governor in 2014 as an independent. From 1995 to 1999, Mapp served as the seventh lieutenant governor of the United States Virgin Islands, and had previously served for three terms in the Legislature of the Virgin Islands.

Mapp was an independent candidate for Governor in 2006 and 2010, but was defeated both times by Democrat John de Jongh. He was elected Governor in 2014, defeating Donna Christian-Christensen, the longtime Delegate to Congress, in a run-off election. Mapp ran for a second term in 2018, but was defeated in the runoff election by Democrat Albert Bryan.

Donna Christensen
Donna Marie Christian-Christensen, formerly Donna Christian-Green (born September 19, 1945), is an American physician and politician. She served as the 4th elected non-voting Delegate from the United States Virgin Islands's at-large district to the United States House of Representatives from 1997 until 2015. A member of the Democratic Party, Christensen is the first woman to win the party’s nomination for governor in Virgin Islands history. She is the first woman to represent the territory in the U.S. Congress.
Federal Bureau of Prisons
The Federal Bureau of Prisons (FBOP) is a federal law enforcement agency of the United States Department of Justice that is responsible for all federal prisons in the country and provides for the care, custody, and control of federal prisoners.

Federal law enforcement in the United States
The federal government of the United States empowers a wide range of federal law enforcement agencies (informally known as the "Feds") to maintain law and public order related to matters affecting the country as a whole.

While the majority of federal law enforcement employees work for the Department of Justice and Homeland Security, there are dozens of other federal law enforcement agencies under the other executive departments, as well as under the legislative and judicial branches of the federal government.

Federal agencies employ approximately 137,000 full-time personnel authorized to make arrests and/or carry firearms in the 50 states and the District of Columbia, out of the more than 800,000 law enforcement officers in the United States.