hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NHK
The Japan Broadcasting Corporation (Japanese: 日本放送協会, Hepburn: Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai), also known by its romanized initialism NHK, is a Japanese public broadcaster. It is a statutory corporation funded by viewers' payments of a television license fee.

NHK operates two terrestrial television channels (NHK General TV and NHK Educational TV), three satellite television channels (NHK BS; as well as two ultra-high-definition television channels, NHK BS Premium 4K and NHK BS8K), and three radio networks (NHK Radio 1, NHK Radio 2, and NHK FM).

NHK also provides an international broadcasting service, known as NHK World-Japan. NHK World-Japan is composed of NHK World TV, NHK World Premium, and the shortwave radio service Radio Japan (RJ). World Radio Japan also makes some of its programs available on the Internet.

NHK was the first broadcaster in the world to broadcast in high-definition (using multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding, also known as Hi-Vision) and in 8K.

Television licence
A television licence or broadcast receiving licence is a payment required in many countries for the reception of television broadcasts or the possession of a television set. In some countries, a licence is also required to own a radio or receive radio broadcasts. In such countries, some broadcasts are funded in full or in part by the licence fees. Licence fees are effectively a hypothecated tax to fund public broadcasting.
Bird feeder
A birdfeeder, bird table, or tray feeder is a device placed outdoors to supply bird food to birds (bird feeding).  The success of a bird feeder in attracting birds depends upon its placement and the kinds of foods offered, as different species have different preferences.

Most bird feeders supply seeds or bird food, such as millet, sunflower (oil and striped), safflower, nyjer seed, and rapeseed or canola seed to seed-eating birds.

Bird feeders often are used for birdwatching and many people keep webcams trained on feeders where birds often congregate, with some even living just near the bird feeder.

Guizotia abyssinica
Guizotia abyssinica is an erect, stout, branched annual herb, grown for its edible oil and seed. Its cultivation originated in the Eritrean and Ethiopian Highlands, and has spread to other parts of Ethiopia.  Common names include noog/nug (Ethio-Semitic and Eritrean ኑግ nūg or ኒህዩግ nihyug); ramtil or ramtilla; niger or nyger seed (all pronounced /ˈnaɪdʒər/, NY-jər); inga seed; and blackseed. Noug has been described as semi-domesticated, self-incompatible crop with yellow flowering heads and seeds. Recent studies have revealed the regional genetic diversity of some noug populations grown in Ethiopia based on RAPD and AFLP markers.
Theresa Clay
Theresa Rachel "Tess" Clay (7 February 1911 – 17 March 1995) was an English entomologist. She was introduced to zoology by her older relative, the ornithologist and adventurer Richard Meinertzhagen, with whom she had an unusually close relationship. She became the world's expert on Mallophaga, or chewing lice; however, her work is cast into question by her suspected role in Meinertzhagen's many scientific frauds.

During and immediately after World War II, she worked with Victor Rothschild at MI5.

Richard Meinertzhagen
Colonel Richard Meinertzhagen, CBE, DSO (3 March 1878 – 17 June 1967) was a British soldier, intelligence officer, and ornithologist. He had a decorated military career spanning Africa and the Middle East. He credited himself with creating and executing the 'Haversack Ruse' in October 1917, during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War, but his participation in this matter has since been refuted.

While early biographies lionized Meinertzhagen as a master of military strategy and espionage, later works such as The Meinertzhagen Mystery present him as a fraud for fabricating stories of his feats and speculated that he murdered his wife, in addition to mass extrajudicial killings while in the colonial service. The discovery of stolen museum bird specimens resubmitted as original discoveries has raised serious doubts on the veracity of many of his ornithological records.
Big Tech (India)
Big Tech in India, also known as the Indian IT Giants, are the largest companies in the Indian information technology industry. The definition primarily includes Tata Consultancy Services, Infosys, HCLTech, and Wipro, along with one or both of Cognizant and Tech Mahindra. They are referred to in the media as "Big Six" or "Big Five", and with acronyms such as TWITCH and WITCH.

The companies are among the dominant players in the global delivery model, providing IT consulting, outsourcing and offshore software development to Fortune Global 500 corporations and government entities. All six companies feature among the 20 largest employers in India. Five of them are part of the NIFTY 50 benchmark index of most valuable publicly listed companies, while the sixth, Cognizant, is part of the Nasdaq-100.

Infosys
Infosys Limited is an Indian multinational technology company that offers information technology, business consulting, and outsourcing services. Founded in 1981 by seven engineers, the company is headquartered in Bengaluru and considered one of the Big Six Indian IT companies.

Infosys has also attracted controversies due to allegations of visa and tax fraud in the United States and for creating malfunctioning government websites.
Double Whammy (novel)
Double Whammy is a 1987 novel by Carl Hiaasen.  The protagonist, a private investigator, is hired to expose a celebrity bass fisherman as a cheat and is drawn into a frame-up for murder. The book introduced the character of "Skink" (Clinton Tyree), who becomes a recurring character in Hiaasen's subsequent novels.

Clinton Tyree
Clinton Tyree, a.k.a. Skink, is a fictional character who has appeared in several novels by Carl Hiaasen, beginning with Double Whammy in 1987. He is a former governor of Florida who suddenly abandoned his office to live in the wilderness, most often the Everglades and, later, the Florida Keys. Tyree is depicted as a skilled outdoorsman, a partaker of roadkill cuisine, and a fierce and slightly unhinged opponent of sprawl and overdevelopment in the state.
American Indian Library Association
The American Indian Library Association (AILA) is an affiliate of the American Library Association (ALA), and is a membership action group that focuses on the library-related needs of Native Americans and Alaska Natives.  The organization's members consist of both individuals and institutions that are interested in improving library services to Native American people in any type of library in the United States.

Asian Pacific American Librarians Association
The Asian Pacific American Librarians Association (APALA), also known as the Asian/Pacific American Librarians Association, is an affiliate of the American Library Association (ALA). It was created to "address the needs of Asian/Pacific American librarians and those who serve Asian/Pacific American communities."
Hapton, Lancashire
Hapton /ˈhæptən/ is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Burnley, with a railway station on the East Lancashire Line. At the United Kingdom Census 2011, it had a population of 1,979.

The parish adjoins the Burnley parishes of Dunnockshaw, Habergham Eaves and Padiham and the Lowerhouse area of Burnley, the Hyndburn parish of Altham and Huncoat area of Accrington and the Loveclough area of Rossendale.

The Leeds and Liverpool Canal and M65 motorway both pass through the village.

Hapton railway station
Hapton railway station serves the village of Hapton 3 miles (5 km) west of Burnley Central railway station on the East Lancashire Line operated by Northern Trains. It is unstaffed. Between 2004–5 and 2005–6, passenger usage fell by 21%, but in the years since, it has risen again by more than 60%.

The station has only basic facilities available, the standard plexiglass shelters, passenger information screens and PA system, with no permanent buildings. It is fully accessible for disabled travellers, via ramps from the nearby main road to each platform.
Capitale & Victor ORLY Gallery
Capitale & Victor ORLY is a French gallery established by the cultural association Capitale in Marseille, France, in 2005. The gallery presents works of international contemporary artists. The gallery is managed by Guennadi Grebniov.

Capitale & Victor ORLY gallery is located at 39 rue Paradis, a place which belongs to Marseille cultural heritage. One of the most old and well known in Provence Jouvène gallery presented artworks of Provençal painters during 150 years here. In 2015, Jouvène was replaced by the Capitale & Victor ORLY gallery.

Following the traditions of Jouvène, the Capitale & Victor ORLY gallery promotes the artworks of a new generation of Provençal painters and also presents international contemporary art.

Victor Orly
Victor Orly (born 20 February 1962) is a contemporary Ukrainian-born French painter, one of the major representatives of a new-age impressionism, the president of cultural and art association Capitale, a member of Guangdong Yuehua Painting Academy, Guangzhou, China.
Deadly Prey
Deadly Prey is a 1987 action film written and directed by David A. Prior. The film is a loose adaptation of the short story "The Most Dangerous Game" by Richard Connell, and stars Ted Prior (director David Prior's brother) as a former soldier who is kidnapped for participation in a human safari.

David A. Prior
David A. Prior (October 24, 1955 – August 16, 2015) was an American director, screenwriter, and producer. Prior started his career with the horror film Sledgehammer (1983), and the action film Killzone (1985). Shortly after, he co-founded Action International Pictures (AIP), his first directorial effort with this enterprise were Deadly Prey, Aerobicide, and Mankillers released in 1987. Subsequently, Prior made action films until the late 1990s.

Many of these films would star his bodybuilder brother Ted, and several of their collaborations became cult classics.

From 2000 to 2006, Prior went on a hiatus. From 2007 to his death in 2015, he continued directing films including Lost at War (2007), Zombie Wars (2008), Night Claws (2012), Deadliest Prey (2013), and Relentless Justice (2015).
Fairy-bluebird
The three fairy-bluebirds are small passerine bird species found in forests and plantations in tropical southern Asia and the Philippines. They are the sole members of the genus Irena and family Irenidae, and are related to the ioras and leafbirds.

These are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub, but whereas that group tends to be drab in colouration, fairy-bluebirds are sexually dimorphic, with the males being dark blue in plumage, and the females duller green.

These species eat fruit, mainly figs, and possibly some insects. They lay two to three eggs in a tree nest.

The call of the Asian fairy-bluebird is a liquid two note Glue-It.

As the names suggest, the Asian fairy-bluebird (I. puella) occurs across southern Asia, the Philippine fairy-bluebird (I. cyanogastra) in that archipelago, and the Palawan fairy-bluebird (I. tweeddalii) on the island of Palawan.

Philippine fairy-bluebird
The Philippine fairy-bluebird (Irena cyanogastra) is a species of bird in the family Irenidae. It is endemic to the Philippines being found in the islands of Luzon, Mindanao, Samar Leyte, and Bohol.

Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forest and tropical moist montane forest. They are seen in mixed flocks along with Philippine bulbuls, Blue-headed fantails and other forest birds. It is threatened by habitat loss and hunting for both food and pet trade.
Nuño González de Lara (died 1275)
Nuño González I de Lara (died 8 September 1275), nicknamed el Bueno ("the Good"), was a Castilian nobleman, royal counsellor and military leader. He was the head of the House of Lara and a close personal friend of Alfonso X. The king's policies often stymied his efforts to increase the power and wealth of his house, and in 1272 he led many prominent noblemen into open rebellion. Restored to favour the next year, he died defending the castle of Écija from a Moroccan invasion.

Battle of Écija (1275)
The Battle of Écija (Arabic: معركة الدونونية) was a battle of the Spanish Reconquista that took place on 8 September 1275. The battle pitted the Muslim troops of the Marinids and its allies against those of the Kingdom of Castile and resulted in a Marinid victory.
Union Station arch
The Union Station arch is a 35 ft (11 m) Beaux-Arts arch standing at McFerson Commons Park in Columbus, Ohio. The work was designed by renowned architect Daniel Burnham, as part of a grand entranceway to the city's Union Station. It has intricate details, including Corinthian columns, multiple cornices and friezes, and statuary groups; some are currently in storage.

The arch and entrance arcade were designed in 1812 and completed by 1899. The arcade was listed on the National Register of Historic Places from 1974 to 1999. Nearly all of the arcade was demolished in 1976, and preservationists managed to save the single tall arch. It was moved to storage in 1977, and placed in a new park, Arch Park, which opened in 1980. A parking garage was built on the site, necessitating that the arch move to McFerson Commons in 1999. The arch now acts as a sculpture and an architectural and historical relic.

McFerson Commons
McFerson Commons, originally Arena Park, is a 2.2-acre (0.9 ha) park in Columbus, Ohio's Arena District neighborhood. The focal point of the park is the Union Station arch, salvaged before the demolition of Columbus's Union Station.

The park was created around 1999 after demolition of the Ohio Penitentiary, as a recreation area for residents of the surrounding Arena District. In 1999, the park was named for Dimon R. McFerson and the Union Station arch was installed in its current location. The park now hosts annual events, family sports, and other gatherings.
Male
Male (symbol: ♂) is the sex of an organism that produces, or is organized to produce, the gamete (sex cell) known as sperm, which fuses with the larger female gamete, or ovum, in the process of fertilisation. A male organism cannot reproduce sexually without access to at least one ovum from a female, but some organisms can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Most male mammals, including male humans, have a Y chromosome, which codes for the production of larger amounts of testosterone to develop male reproductive organs.

In humans, the word male can also be used to refer to gender, in the social sense of gender role or gender identity.

Female
An organism's sex is female (symbol: ♀) if it produces the ovum (egg cell), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete (sperm cell) during sexual reproduction.

A female has larger gametes than a male. Females and males are results of the anisogamous reproduction system, wherein gametes are of different sizes (unlike isogamy where they are the same size).

In species that have males and females, sex-determination may be based on either sex chromosomes, or environmental conditions. Most female mammals, including female humans, have two X chromosomes. Characteristics of organisms with a female sex vary between different species, having different female reproductive systems, with some species showing characteristics secondary to the reproductive system, as with mammary glands in mammals.

In humans, the word female can also be used to refer to gender in the social sense of gender role or gender identity.
Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere
The Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM or Explorer 90) was a NASA satellite launched in 2007 to conduct a planned 26-month study of noctilucent clouds (NLCs). It is the ninetieth Explorer program mission and is part of the NASA-funded Small Explorer program (SMEX).

In March 2023, NASA announced that battery power on the spacecraft had declined below the level needed to sustain operation. The spacecraft reentered Earth's atmosphere in August 2024

Noctilucent cloud
Noctilucent clouds (NLCs), or night shining clouds, are tenuous cloud-like phenomena in the upper atmosphere. When viewed from space, they are called polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs), detectable as a diffuse scattering layer of water ice crystals near the summer polar mesopause. They consist of ice crystals and from the ground are only visible during astronomical twilight. Noctilucent roughly means "night shining" in Latin. They are most often observed during the summer months from latitudes between ±50° and ±70°. Too faint to be seen in daylight, they are visible only when the observer and the lower layers of the atmosphere are in Earth's shadow while these very high clouds are still in sunlight. Recent studies suggest that increased atmospheric methane emissions produce additional water vapor through chemical reactions once the methane molecules reach the mesosphere – creating, or reinforcing existing, noctilucent clouds.
Skjoldenæsholm
Skjoldenæsholm Castle (Danish: Skjoldnæsholm Slot) is a manor house located 11 kilometres north-east of Ringsted, Denmark, standing on the west side of one of the many lakes which dominate the area. The Neoclassical main building, possibly by Philip de Lange, is now run as a hotel and conference centre while the grounds play host to both the Skjoldenæsholm Tram Museum (Sporvejsmuseet Skjoldenæsholm) and a golf course. The rest of the land is mostly forested.

Skjoldenæsholm Tram Museum
Skjoldenæsholm Tram Museum (Danish: Sporvejsmuseet Skjoldenæsholmda), also referred to as the Danish Tramway Museum, is an open-air museum dedicated to vintage trams and buses. Preserved railwaysda. It is located 65 km (40 mi) south-west of Copenhagen, Denmark, between Ringsted and Roskilde.

The museum opened on land which belongs to Skjoldenæsholm Castle on 26 May 1978. It was established and is run entirely by unpaid volunteers in collaboration with the Danish Tram Historical Society.

The museum is founded on some of the remains of Sjællandske Midtbane, a railway that was closed in 1936 and went from Næstved to Frederikssund via Ringsted and Hvalsø.

The museum's goal is to preserve and restore trams (and now also buses and trolleybuses) in running condition: Right from the inaugural meeting, the idea of preserving and restoring the fast-disappearing trams was conceived, so that future generations might be able to see and experience the old trams.
Philipp Lenard
Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard (German: [ˈfɪlɪp ˈleːnaʁt] ⓘ; 7 June 1862 – 20 May 1947) was a Hungarian–German experimental physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1905 for his work on cathode rays. This work led to his experimental realization of the photoelectric effect, discovering that the energy (speed) of the electrons ejected from a cathode depends only on the frequency and not the intensity of light.

As an active proponent of the Nazi ideology, Lenard supported Adolf Hitler in the 1920s and was an important role model for the Deutsche Physik movement during the Nazi period. Notably, he labeled Albert Einstein's contributions to theoretical physics as "Jewish physics."

Deutsche Physik
Deutsche Physik (German: [ˈdɔʏtʃə fyˈziːk], lit. "German Physics") or Aryan Physics (German: Arische Physik)  was a nationalist movement in the German physics community in the early 1930s which had the support of many eminent physicists in Germany. The term appears in the title of a four-volume physics textbook by Nobel laureate Philipp Lenard in the 1930s.

Deutsche Physik was opposed to the work of Albert Einstein, who was ethnically Jewish, and other modern theoretically based physics, which was disparagingly labeled "Jewish physics" (German: Jüdische Physik).
Jerez Industrial CF
Jerez Industrial Club de Fútbol is a Spanish football team based in Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. Founded in 1951, it currently plays in Primera Andaluza Cádiz, holding home matches at Estadio La Juventud, with a capacity of 5,000 seats.

In summer 2010, Jerez were at risk of bankruptcy, but were saved when they signed a five-year deal with the Glenn Hoddle Academy. Later, the academy left the project and continued with local management.

Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in Andalusia
The Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in the Community of Andalusia, are organized by the Federación Andaluza de Fútbol:

División de Honor (Level 6 of the Spanish football pyramid)

Primera Andaluza (Level 7)

Segunda Andaluza (Level 8)

Tercera Andaluza (Level 9)
Principlists Pervasive Coalition
Principlists Pervasive Coalition (Persian: ائتلاف فراگیر اصول‌گرایان) was one of two main principlist coalitions for the 2008 Iranian legislative election, alongside the United Front of Principlists. Candidates endorsed by the coalition were close to Ali Larijani, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and Mohsen Rezaee.

2008 Iranian legislative election
Legislative elections for Majlis of Iran were held on 14 March 2008, with a second round held on 25 April 2008.  Conservatives loyal to President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad were considered the victors of the election, at least in part because "all the most prominent" reformist candidates were disqualified from running.
24 Hours of Foo
24 Hours of Foo is a live special on MTV2 hosted by the rock band Foo Fighters, which aired on June 11 and 12, 2005. It was very similar in concept to 24 Hours of Love, a live special hosted by Courtney Love that the channel tried to air in 2002.

24 Hours of Love
24 Hours of Love is a special programming stunt that aired live on MTV2 starting on September 21, 2002. The official premise of the show was that rock star Courtney Love would do a live broadcast for 24 hours in a row, and that she would be in full control of the programming on MTV2 for those hours.
Would I Lie to You? (Australian game show)
Would I Lie to You? (informally abbreviated as WILTY; also known as Would I Lie to You? Australia) is an Australian comedy panel game show based on the British game show of the same name. It premiered on Network 10 on 28 February 2022. In September 2022, it was announced that the show had been renewed for a second series which would premiere in 2023, with Charlie Pickering replacing comedian Chris Taylor as a regular team captain.

At their 2024 Upfronts, Channel 10 announced that the show would not be returning in 2024.

Would I Lie to You?
Would I Lie to You? (abbreviated as WILTY) is a British comedy panel show aired on BBC One, made by Zeppotron for the BBC. It was first broadcast on 16 June 2007, starring David Mitchell and Lee Mack as team captains. Originally hosted by Angus Deayton, Rob Brydon has been the host since 2009.
Niddrie, Victoria
Niddrie is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 11 km (6.8 mi) north-west of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Moonee Valley local government area. Niddrie recorded a population of 5,901 at the 2021 census.

Niddrie is bounded by the Calder Freeway to the north, Steele Creek to the west, Hoffmans Road to the east and Rosehill Road to the south.

Airport West
Airport West is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 12 km (7.5 mi) north-west of Melbourne's central business district, located within the City of Moonee Valley local government area. Airport West recorded a population of 8,173 at the 2021 census.

Bounded by the Calder Highway to the south, the Tullamarine Freeway to the east, and the Western Ring Road to the north west, Airport West is so named for its position to the west of Essendon Airport, Melbourne's first general airport now used for light planes, charter and freight since the opening in 1970 of Melbourne Airport, located to the north of the suburb.

It has the distinction of being the only locality in Australia which does not itself contain an airport to contain the word "Airport."