hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calamvale Ward
Calamvale Ward is a Brisbane City Council ward covering Calamvale, Algester, Drewvale, Heathwood, Parkinson, Stretton, Larapinta, Karawatha, and part of Forest Lake. The ward is currently represented by Emily Kim of the Labor Party.

Calamvale replaced Parkinson Ward, which itself replaced Acacia Ridge Ward.

Parkinson Ward
Parkinson Ward was a Brisbane City Council ward covering Parkinson and surrounding suburbs. It was abolished as part of the 2015 redistribution and replaced by Calamvale Ward, this taking effect at the 2016 election.
Lucca
Lucca (/ˈluːkə/ LOO-kə, Italian: [ˈlukka] ⓘ) is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain.

The city has a population of about 89,000, while its province has a population of 383,957. Lucca is known as an Italian "Città d'arte" (City of Art) from its intact Renaissance-era city walls and its very well preserved historic center, where, among other buildings and monuments, are located the Piazza dell'Anfiteatro, which has its origins in the second half of the 1st century A.D., the Guinigi Tower, a 45-metre-tall (150 ft) tower that dates from the 14th century  and the Cathedral of San Martino.

The city is the birthplace of numerous world-class composers, including Giacomo Puccini, Alfredo Catalani, and Luigi Boccherini.

Province of Lucca
The province of Lucca (Italian: provincia di Lucca) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Lucca.

It has an area of 1,773 square kilometres (685 mi2) and a population of about 390,000. The province contains 33 comuni (sg.: comune).
Somananda
Somananda (875–925 CE) was one of the teachers of Kashmir Shaivism, in the lineage of Trayambaka, and the author of the first philosophical treatise of this school (the Śivadṛṣṭi). A contemporary of Bhatta Kallata, the two were the first of the Kashmiri Shaivites to propose the concepts of non-dual Shaivism in a rigorous and logical way. Somananda lived in Kashmir—most probably in Srinagar, where most of the later philosophers of the school lived—as a householder.

Pratyabhijna
Pratyabhijñā or Pratyabhigyā (Sanskrit: प्रत्यभिज्ञा, romanized: pratyabhijñā, lit. 're-cognition') is an idealistic, monistic, and theistic school of philosophy in Kashmir Shaivism which originated in the ninth century CE. The name of the system is derived from its most famous work, Īśvara-pratyabhijñā-kārikā by Utpaladeva.

The central thesis of this philosophy is that we are Śiva, and that we have to "re-cognise" this. Thus, the slave (paśu: the human condition) shakes off the fetters (pāśa) and becomes the master (pati: the divine condition).
Pengiran Anak Mohamed Alam
Pengiran Anak Mohamed Alam (18 October 1918 – 14 December 1982) was a civil servant and noble magistrate who held the position of Pengiran Pemancha in Brunei. Serving from 1950 until 1982, this title marked him as the third most senior rank within the wazir class of state officials. He served as Brunei's first chief of Adat Istiadat Negara from 1954 to 1981 before assuming the role of the fourth speaker of the Legislative Council of Brunei (LegCo) from 1971 to 1974. Notably, he was the father of Queen Saleha, the raja isteri (queen consort) to Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah, and the maternal grandfather of Al-Muhtadee Billah, the Crown Prince of Brunei.

Jabatan Adat Istiadat Negara
The Jabatan Adat Istiadat Negara (abbrev: JAIN) is a government department under the Prime Minister's Office that functions to guarantee the constant maintenance of Royal Customs. It has been translated literally as the Office of State Customs, the Department of the State Customs or the State Department of Customs and Traditions, even though it does not have an English name. In order to guarantee that the practice and implementation, particularly the Istiadat Diraja (Royal Ceremonies), are always in accordance with the philosophy of Melayu Islam Beraja, preaching and teaching the public through lectures, briefings, and workshops on Adat Istiadat (Customs) are regularly held.
Darauli
Darauli is a community development block and a town in district of Siwan, in Bihar state of India. It is one of 13 blocks of Siwan Subdivision. The headquarters of the block is at Darauli town.

The total area of the block is 172.80 square kilometres (66.72 sq mi) and the total population of the block as of the 2011 census of India is 174,357.

The block is divided into many gram panchayats and villages.

Siwan district
Siwan district is one of the districts of Bihar state, India. Siwan town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Siwan district is a part of Saran division since 1972. The district was previously also known as Aliganj Siwan after the name of Raja Ali Bux Khan. Siwan has historical and mythological importance attached to it. There is ancient ashram of sage Dronacharya in the Don village. It is believed that Dronacharya had spent his time here. The Member of Parliament from Siwan is Vijaylakshmi Devi.

The district occupies an area of 2,219 square kilometres (857 sq mi).
Peer critique
Peer critique, a specialized form of critique, is the common practice of professional peers, especially writers, reviewing and providing constructive criticism of each other's work before that work is turned in for credit or professional review.

Writers in many genres and professions, including fiction writers and technical writers, use some form of peer critique as part of their process of writing. It is also commonly used as an instructional technique in school writing settings. Peer critique may also be referred to as peer review or a writing workshop. Writers who gather to critique each others' work are often called writing circles.

Writing circle
A writing circle is a group of like-minded writers needing support for their work, either through writing peer critiques, workshops or classes, or just encouragement.  There are many different types of writing circles or writing groups based on location, style of writing, or format.  Normally, the goal of a writing circle is to improve one's own craft by listening to the works and suggestions of others in the group.  It also builds a sense of community, and allows new writers to become accustomed to sharing their work.  Writing circles can be helpful inside and outside of the classroom.
Penrose triangle
The Penrose triangle, also known as the Penrose tribar, the impossible tribar, or the impossible triangle, is a triangular impossible object, an optical illusion consisting of an object which can be depicted in a perspective drawing. It cannot exist as a solid object in ordinary three-dimensional Euclidean space, although its surface can be embedded isometrically (bent but not stretched) in five-dimensional Euclidean space. It was first created by the Swedish artist Oscar Reutersvärd in 1934. Independently from Reutersvärd, the triangle was devised and popularized in the 1950s by psychiatrist Lionel Penrose and his son, the mathematician and Nobel Prize laureate Roger Penrose, who described it as "impossibility in its purest form". It is featured in the litograph Waterfall (1961) by artist M. C. Escher, whose earlier depictions of impossible objects partly inspired it.

Waterfall (M. C. Escher)
Waterfall (Dutch: Waterval) is a lithograph by the Dutch artist M. C. Escher, first printed in October 1961. It shows a perpetual motion machine where water from the base of a waterfall appears to run downhill along the water path before reaching the top of the waterfall.

While most two-dimensional artists use relative proportions to create an illusion of depth, Escher here and elsewhere uses conflicting proportions to create a visual paradox. The watercourse supplying the waterfall (its aqueduct or leat) has the structure of three Penrose triangles. A Penrose triangle is an impossible object designed by Oscar Reutersvärd in 1934, and found independently by Roger Penrose in 1958.
Chamba, Uttarakhand
Chamba is a town and a hill station, nearby New Tehri City in Tehri Garhwal district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is situated at a junction of roads connecting Mussoorie and Rishikesh with the Tehri Dam reservoir and New Tehri. The town is about 50 km from Mussoorie and also near Dhanaulti, Surkanda Devi Temple, Ranichauri, New Tehri, and Kanatal, tipri halfway between Chamba and Dhanaulti.Chamba is situated at an altitude of 1600m above sea level. One can reach Chamba in about 7-8 hrs from Delhi via Haridwar, Rishikesh and Narendranagar (290 km).

Kanatal
Kanatal is a small village that is a hill station in the state of Uttarakhand, India. Kanatal is 78 km from Dehradun (capital of the State Uttarakhand), 38 km from Mussoorie and 18 km from Chamba. It is on the Chamba-Mussoorie road and nearly 300 km from Delhi.
Ashton Smith (wrestler)
Ashton Trent Smith (born 15 December 1988) is a Jamaican-English professional wrestler. He is best known for his time in WWE, where he performed on the NXT UK brand under his real name. He is a former NXT UK Tag Team Champion.

NXT UK Tag Team Championship
The NXT UK Tag Team Championship was a men's professional wrestling tag team championship that was created and promoted by the American promotion WWE. It was defended on the NXT UK brand division, a sister brand of WWE's developmental territory NXT based in the United Kingdom. Established on 18 June 2018, the inaugural championship team was James Drake and Zack Gibson. On 4 September 2022 at Worlds Collide, the title was unified into the NXT Tag Team Championship, officially retiring the title in the process, with the team of Brooks Jensen and Josh Briggs recognized as the final champions.
Aculeata
Aculeata is an infraorder of Hymenoptera containing ants, bees, and stinging wasps. The name is a reference to the defining feature of the group, which is the modification of the ovipositor into a stinger. However, many members of the group cannot sting, either retaining the ovipositor, or having lost it altogether. A large part of the clade is parasitic.

This group includes all of the eusocial Hymenopterans.

The oldest aculeates are known from the Late Jurassic Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan, represented by the family Bethylonymidae, which may be para- or polyphyletic.

Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order of insects, comprising the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are parasitic. Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or places that are otherwise inaccessible. This ovipositor is often modified into a stinger. The young develop through holometabolism (complete metamorphosis)—that is, they have a wormlike larval stage and an inactive pupal stage before they reach adulthood.
Adrian Quesada
Adrian Quesada is an American musician, producer, and songwriter. He is best known for his work with Black Pumas. Quesada is an eight-time Grammy nominee and won Best Latin Rock or Alternative Album as a member of Grupo Fantasma in 2011. In 2024 he co-wrote and sang “Like A Bird” from the film Sing Sing receiving an Academy Awards nomination for Best Original Song.

Black Pumas
Black Pumas is an American psychedelic soul band based in Austin, Texas, led by singer/songwriter Eric Burton and guitarist/producer Adrian Quesada. The group received its first Grammy Award nomination in 2020 for Best New Artist.
James Vincent (footballer)
James Michael Vincent (born 27 September 1989) is an English former professional footballer and coach who is a youth coach at Stockport County.

Over his career, Vincent played for Stockport County, Kidderminster Harriers, Inverness Caledonian Thistle (two spells), Dundee, Hereford, F.C. United of Manchester, Stockport Town, and had two loan spells with Dunfermline Athletic. He is most notable for scoring Inverness CT's winning goal in the 2015 Scottish Cup final over Falkirk to give the Highland side its first-ever major trophy.

2015 Scottish Cup final
The 2015 Scottish Cup Final was the 130th final of the Scottish Cup, the most prestigious knockout football competition in Scotland. The match took place at Hampden Park on 30 May 2015 and was contested by Falkirk and Inverness Caledonian Thistle.  Ten-man Inverness won the final 2–1 thanks to a late James Vincent goal.

Inverness subsequently entered the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League in the Second qualifying round.  As Inverness also finished 3rd in the 2014–15 Scottish Premiership, this enabled St Johnstone to claim the final 2015–16 UEFA Europa League slot (in previous years this place would have gone to Falkirk as runners-up, as it had in 2009, but the rules were changed from 2015 onwards).
In Order of Disappearance
In Order of Disappearance (Norwegian: Kraftidioten, lit. 'The Moron') is a 2014 action thriller film directed by Hans Petter Moland and starring Stellan Skarsgård. An international co-production between Norway, Sweden, and Denmark, the film premiered in the competition section of the 64th Berlin International Film Festival on 10 February 2014. Cold Pursuit, an English-language remake, also directed by Moland, was released in 2019.

Cold Pursuit
Cold Pursuit is a 2019 action thriller film directed by Hans Petter Moland and written by Frank Baldwin. An international co-production, the film stars Liam Neeson, Tom Bateman, Tom Jackson, Emmy Rossum, Domenick Lombardozzi, Julia Jones, John Doman, and Laura Dern.  It is a remake of the 2014 Norwegian film In Order of Disappearance (Kraftidioten), also directed by Moland, and follows a vengeful snowplow driver (Neeson) who starts killing the members of a drug cartel following the murder of his son.

The film was released in the United States on February 8, 2019, by Lionsgate and Summit Entertainment. It grossed $76 million worldwide and received mixed reviews from critics.
Napoleon LeBrun
Napoleon Eugene Charles Henry LeBrun (January 2, 1821 – July 9, 1901) was an American architect. He began his career in Philadelphia designing churches and theatres including St. Augustine's Church, the Cathedral-Basilica of Sts. Peter and Paul and the Philadelphia Academy of Music.  He moved to New York City, established the firm Napoleon LeBrun & Sons and designed multiple additional churches. He became the official architect of the Fire Department of New York and designed 42 firehouses between 1879 and 1895. He also designed early skyscrapers in New York City such as the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower and the Home Life Building.

Academy of Music (Philadelphia)
The Academy of Music, also known as American Academy of Music, is a concert hall and opera house located at 240 S. Broad Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  Despite its name, the Academy has never contained a music school. It is located between Locust and Manning Streets in the Avenue of the Arts area of the Center City district of Philadelphia.

The hall was built in 1855–57 and is the oldest opera house in the United States that is still used for its original purpose. Known as the "Grand Old Lady of Locust Street," the venue is the home of the Philadelphia Ballet and Opera Philadelphia. It was also home to the Philadelphia Orchestra from its inception in 1900 until 2001, when the orchestra moved to the new Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts. The Philadelphia Orchestra still retains ownership of the Academy, in partnership with Ensemble Arts.

The hall was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1962.
O'Hanrahans GFC
O'Hanrahans are a Gaelic football club from Carlow, County Carlow. They are one of the most successful clubs in the history of Carlow GAA. They have won the Carlow Senior Football Championship 18 times and the Leinster Senior Club Football Championship once.

Carlow
Carlow (/ˈkɑːrloʊ/ KAR-loh; Irish: Ceatharlach [ˈcahəɾˠl̪ˠəx]) is the county town of County Carlow, in the south-east of Ireland, 84 km (52 mi) from Dublin. At the 2022 census, it had a population of 27,351, the twelfth-largest urban center in Ireland.

The River Barrow flows through the town and forms the historic boundary between counties Laois and Carlow. However, the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898 included the town entirely in County Carlow. The settlement of Carlow is thousands of years old and pre-dates written Irish history. The town has played a major role in Irish history, serving as the capital of the country in the 14th century. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.
Bullitt County Public Schools
Bullitt County Public Schools is a school district serving students residing in Bullitt County, Kentucky.  Cities served by district include Shepherdsville, Lebanon Junction, Mount Washington, and some small sections of Bullitt County with a Louisville postal address.  This district is one of the largest in the state.

The district serves all of the county except for parts in Fort Knox, which are served by the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA).

Bullitt County, Kentucky
Bullitt County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 82,217. Its county seat is Shepherdsville. The county was founded in 1796. Located just south of the city of Louisville, Bullitt County is included in the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area, commonly known as Kentuckiana. The western fifth of the county (62 sq. miles/40,000 acres (160 km2)) is part of the United States Army post of Fort Knox and is reserved for military training.
Dogon languages
The Dogon languages are a small closely related language family that is spoken by the Dogon people of Mali and may belong to the proposed Niger–Congo family. There are about 600,000 speakers of its dozen languages. They are tonal languages, and most, like Dogul, have two tones, but some, like Donno So, have three. Their basic word order is subject–object–verb.

Penange Dogon
Penange Dogon is a Dogon language spoken in Mali. It is close to Ampari. The language was first described as distinct in 2011 by Prokhorov.

The Penange Dogon speakers live in the village of Pinia (péná) in Bandiagara Cercle and call themselves péná nógè, "Pinia people".
Fawley branch line
The Fawley branch line, also known as the Waterside line, is a standard-gauge railway line to Fawley, in the English county of Hampshire. It is on the opposite side of Southampton Water from the city of Southampton itself, in an area known as Waterside. For 40 years a passenger service operated, but this was withdrawn except for the occasional enthusiasts' railtour. The line serves the freight needs of Marchwood Military Port, having also served the same function for Fawley Refinery until 2016.

A proposal to reopen the line to passengers with two stations at Marchwood and Hythe and trains to Southampton Central was first made in 2009 and was incorporated into the plans for the Restoring Your Railway fund. The fund was cancelled in September 2024, resulting in the proposal for restoring passenger services being scrapped as a result.

Fawley Refinery
Fawley Refinery is an oil refinery located at Fawley, Hampshire, England. The refinery is owned by Esso Petroleum Company Limited, a subsidiary of Exxon Mobil Corporation, which acquired the site in 1925. Situated on Southampton Water, it was rebuilt and extended in 1951 and is now the largest oil refinery in the United Kingdom, and one of the most complex refineries in Europe. With a capacity of 270,000 barrels (43,000 m3) per day, Fawley provides 20 per cent of the UK's refinery capacity. Over 2,500 people are employed at the site.
KVGS
KVGS (107.9 FM, "107-9 VGS") is a radio station licensed to Meadview, Arizona. Owned by Beasley Broadcast Group, it broadcasts a Hot adult contemporary format serving Clark County, Nevada (including the Las Vegas metropolitan area).

The station's studios are located in the unincorporated Clark County area of Spring Valley, while its transmitter is southwest of Lake Mead in Arizona. A fill-in transmitter atop The Strat provides additional coverage in Las Vegas proper.

Beasley Broadcast Group
Beasley Broadcast Group, Inc., based in Naples, Florida, is an owner/operator of radio stations in the United States.  As of February 2026, the company owns 49 stations under the Beasley Media Group name.
Cres
Cres is an Adriatic island in west Croatia. It is one of the northern islands in the Kvarner Gulf and can be reached via ferry from Rijeka, Krk island or from the Istrian peninsula (line Brestova-Porozina).

With an area of 405.78 square kilometres (156.67 mi2), Cres has the same size as the neighbouring Krk island. In 2011, Cres had a population of 3,079 people.

In the past, Cres and the neighbouring island of Lošinj used to be one island, but now they are divided by a channel and connected by a bridge that starts from the town of Osor. Cres's only freshwater source is Lake Vrana.

Lake Vrana (Cres)
Lake Vrana (Croatian: Vransko jezero), in the centre of Cres island, is a fresh water lake, 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) wide and about 4.8 kilometres (3.0 mi) long. The town of Cres has been supplied with drinking water from the lake since 1953, and the towns of Mali and Veli Lošinj received their supplies ten years later. It was thought at one time that the water in the lake was linked to some mainland source by underground streams, but it has since been established that in fact it originates from the atmosphere.
Klamputis
The Klamputis is a river of  Kėdainiai district municipality, Kaunas County, central Lithuania. It originates in Varėnai village, on the edge of Kėdainiai and flows for 4.1 kilometres (2.5 mi) till the confluence with the Smilga (from the right side) in Bartkūniškiai.

Two little ponds are on the lower flow of the Klamputis. The river passes through Varėnai, Tubiai and Bartkūniškiai villages.

The name Klamputis comes from Lithuanian klampus ('slimy, sloughy').

Bartkūniškiai
Bartkūniškiai is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, central Lithuania. It is located 3 km from Kėdainiai, by the Smilga and Klamputis rivers. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 71 people.

There are former folwark buildings and a park.

The Smilga River is near Bartkūniškiai.
Musaib Dzhum-Dzhum
Musaib Mamedalievich Dzhum-Dzhum (Azerbaijani: Musaib Məmmədalieviç Cüm-Cum; Russian: Мусаиб Мамедалиевич Джум-Джум; 1905 – July 1974) was a Soviet theatre director. He worked as a director in the Azerbaijani, Judeo-Tat and Lezgin theaters in Derbent, Dagestan ASSR. In 1945, Musaib Dzhum-Dzhum was awarded the title of "Honored Artist of the Dagestan ASSR". In 1960, he received the title of "People's Artist of the Dagestan ASSR". He had many government awards and honorary certificates.

Judeo-Tat Theatre
The Judeo-Tat Theatre in Derbent, Dagestan, Russia, specializes in staging plays centered on the lives of Mountain Jews, primarily created by members of the community. The performances are conducted in the Judeo-Tat language (Juhuri).
Phil Barker
Phil Barker (born 5 November 1932) is one of the major figures in the development of the modern hobby of tabletop wargaming, particularly that of ancient warfare, and is a co-founder of the Wargames Research Group.

In the 1960s he was a methods engineer at British Leyland.  However, in the 1970s he took voluntary redundancy to become the first person in the UK to work full-time on wargames writing and rules design. At the time, he was also a keen horseman, a skill which he used to advantage in carrying out experiments in the use of cavalry weapons.

Wargames Research Group
The Wargames Research Group (WRG) is a British publisher of rules  and reference material for miniature wargaming. Founded in 1969 they were the premier publisher of tabletop rules during the seventies and eighties, publishing rules for periods ranging from ancient times to modern armoured warfare, and reference books which are still considered standard works for amateur researchers and wargamers. They are best known for their seminal ancient and medieval period rules, and also for De Bellis Antiquitatis and Hordes of the Things fantasy rules.