hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Singleton Copley
John Singleton Copley /ˈkɑːpli/ RA (July 3, 1738 – September 9, 1815) was an American-born painter active in both the Thirteen Colonies and England. He is believed to have been born in Boston, Province of Massachusetts Bay, to Richard and Mary Singleton Copley, both Anglo-Irish. After becoming well-established as a portrait painter of the wealthy in colonial New England, he moved to London in 1774, never returning to America.  In London, he met considerable success as a portraitist for the next two decades, and also painted a number of large history paintings, which were innovative in their readiness to depict modern subjects and modern dress.  His later years were less successful, and he died heavily in debt. He was father of John Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst and half-brother of Henry Pelham, the  American  painter, engraver, and cartographer.

Henry Pelham (engraver)
Henry Pelham (February 14, 1748/49 – 1806) was an American painter, engraver, civil engineer,  and cartographer active during the late 18th century. Pelham's many illuminating letters, especially to his half-brother and fellow painter John Singleton Copley, provide an important contemporary perspective of the events of the American Revolution.

Pelham's engraving of the 1770 Boston Massacre, the shooting of several rioters by British soldiers in Boston, was made soon after the event happened. Paul Revere improperly copied Pelham's work and distributed it throughout the thirteen colonies to increase or rouse anger against authorities.

Pelham remained loyal and was harassed for it. He moved to England in 1776.
Ceruloplasmin
Ceruloplasmin (or caeruloplasmin) is a ferroxidase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CP gene.

Ceruloplasmin is the major copper-carrying protein in the blood, and in addition plays a role in iron metabolism. It was first described in 1948. Another protein, hephaestin, is noted for its homology to ceruloplasmin, and also participates in iron and probably copper metabolism.

Human iron metabolism
Human iron metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that maintain human homeostasis of iron at the systemic and cellular level.  Iron is both necessary to the body and potentially toxic. Controlling iron levels in the body is a critically important part of many aspects of human health and disease. Hematologists have been especially interested in systemic iron metabolism, because iron is essential for red blood cells, where most of the human body's iron is contained. Understanding iron metabolism is also important for understanding diseases of iron overload, such as hereditary hemochromatosis, and iron deficiency, such as iron-deficiency anemia.

A 2024 review examined iron metabolism and its interactions with calcium, magnesium, and selected trace elements (copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, mercury, and nickel), as well as their roles in certain diseases.
Susan Kohner
Susanna "Susan" Kohner (born November 11, 1936) is an American actress who worked in film and television. She played Sarah Jane, a young African-American woman attempting to "pass" as white, in Imitation of Life (1959), for which she was nominated for an Oscar as Best Supporting Actress. She won two Golden Globe awards for her performance.

Kohner married menswear designer and writer John Weitz in 1964. Their two sons, Paul Weitz and Chris Weitz, both became film directors and producers, screenwriters, and occasional actors.

Paul Weitz (filmmaker)
Paul John Weitz (/waɪts/; born November 19, 1965) is an American screenwriter, director and producer. He is the older brother of filmmaker Chris Weitz. Together they worked on the comedy films American Pie and About a Boy; for the latter, they were both nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. Weitz is also a writer, executive producer, and director of the Amazon Prime Video dramedy series Mozart in the Jungle.
Antonio Rubio
Antonio Rubio Fernández (born August 20, 1949) is a retired boxer from Spain, who twice represented his native country during the 1970s at the Summer Olympics. He reached the quarterfinals in 1972 (Munich). Four years later in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Rubio was stopped in his first bout in the second round of the lightweight division (– 60 kg) by Cuba's Reinaldo Valiente.

Reinaldo Valiente
Reinaldo Valiente (born 13 July 1958) is a Cuban boxer. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1976 Summer Olympics. In his first fight, he beat Antonio Rubio of Spain, before being eliminated by Ace Rusevski of Yugoslavia.
F. Andrieu
F. Andrieu (fl. late 14th century; possibly François or Franciscus Andrieu) was a French composer in the ars nova style of late medieval music. Nothing is known for certain about him except that he wrote Armes, amours/O flour des flours (Weapons, loves/O flower of flowers), a double ballade déploration, for the death of Guillaume de Machaut in 1377. The work has been widely praised and analyzed; it is notable for being one of two extant medieval double ballades for four voices, the only known contemporary musical setting of Eustache Deschamps and the earliest representative of the longstanding medieval and Renaissance lamentation tradition between composers.

Andrieu may be the same person as Magister Franciscus, although the scholarly consensus on this identification is unclear. With P. des Molins, Jehan Vaillant and Grimace, Andrieu was one of the "post-Machaut" generation whose pieces retain enough ars nova qualities to be differentiated from composers of ars subtilior.

Magister Franciscus
Magister Franciscus (fl. 1370–80) was a French composer-poet in the ars nova style of late medieval music. He is known for two surviving works, the three-part ballades: De Narcissus and Phiton, Phiton, beste tres venimeuse; the former was widely distributed in his lifetime. Modern scholarship disagrees on whether Franciscus was the same person as the composer F. Andrieu.
Sabinov
Sabinov (Latin: Сibinium, Hungarian: Kisszeben, German: Zeben) is a small town located in the Prešov Region (north-eastern Slovakia), approximately 20 km from Prešov and 55 km from Košice. The population of Sabinov is 12,700.

Prešov
Prešov (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈpreʂɔw] ⓘ) is a city in eastern Slovakia. It is the seat of administrative Prešov Region (Slovak: Prešovský kraj) and Šariš. With a population of approximately 85,000 for the city, and in total more than 100,000 with the urban area, it is the second-largest city in eastern Slovakia and the third-largest city in all of Slovakia, after the nearby city of Košice. It belongs to the Košice-Prešov agglomeration and is the natural cultural, economic, transport, and administrative center of the Prešov Region. It lends its name to the Eperjes-Tokaj Hill-Chain, which was considered the geographic entity on the first map of Hungary from 1528. There are many tourist attractions in Prešov, such as castles (e.g. Šariš Castle), pools, and the old town.
Michael López-Alegría
Michael López-Alegría (born Miguel Eladio López Alegría on May 30, 1958) is an astronaut, test pilot and commercial astronaut with dual nationality, American and Spanish; a veteran of three Space Shuttle missions and one International Space Station mission. He is known for having performed ten spacewalks so far in his career, presently holding the second longest all-time EVA duration record (first among NASA astronauts) and having the fifth-longest spaceflight of any American at the length of 215 days; this time was spent on board the ISS from September 18, 2006, to April 21, 2007. López-Alegría commanded Axiom-1, the first all-private team of commercial astronaut mission to the International Space Station, which launched on April 8, 2022, and spent just over 17 days in Earth's orbit.

Axiom Mission 1
Axiom Mission 1 (or Ax-1) was a privately funded and operated crewed mission to the International Space Station (ISS). The mission was operated by Axiom Space out of Axiom's Mission Control Center MCC-A in Houston, Texas. The flight launched on April 8, 2022, from Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The spacecraft used was a SpaceX Crew Dragon. The crew consisted of Michael López-Alegría, a Spaniard-American and a professionally trained astronaut hired by Axiom, Eytan Stibbe from Israel, Larry Connor from the United States, and Mark Pathy from Canada.
Rivalry (economics)
In economics, a good is said to be rivalrous or a rival if its consumption by one consumer prevents simultaneous consumption by other consumers, or if consumption by one party reduces the ability of another party to consume it. A good is considered non-rivalrous or non-rival if, for any level of production, the cost of providing it to a marginal (additional) individual is zero. A good is anti-rivalrous and inclusive if each person benefits more when other people consume it.

A good can be placed along a continuum from rivalrous through non-rivalrous to anti-rivalrous. The distinction between rivalrous and non-rivalrous is sometimes referred to as jointness of supply or subtractable or non-subtractable. Economist Paul Samuelson made the distinction between private and public goods in 1954 by introducing the concept of nonrival consumption. Economist Richard Musgrave followed on and added rivalry and excludability as criteria for defining consumption goods in 1959 and 1969.

Anti-rival good
An anti-rival good is one where the more people share it, the more utility each person receives. It is the opposite of a rival good. Examples include software and other information goods created through the process of commons-based peer production. The term was coined by economist Steven Weber.

An anti-rival good meets the test of a public good because it is non-excludable (freely available to all) and non-rival (consumption by one person does not reduce the amount available for others). However, it has the additional quality of being created by private individuals for common benefit without being motivated by pure altruism, because the individual contributor also receives benefits from the contributions of others.
Big Blue (song)
"Big Blue" is a song by American indie pop band Vampire Weekend. It was the second single from their fourth studio album Father of the Bride, and was released on March 6, 2019 by Columbia Records as a double A-side with "Sunflower".

Sunflower (Vampire Weekend song)
"Sunflower" is a song by American indie pop band Vampire Weekend featuring singer and guitarist Steve Lacy. It was the second single from their fourth studio album Father of the Bride, and was released on March 6, 2019 by Columbia Records as a double A-side with "Big Blue". In response to Post Malone and Swae Lee's identically-titled single, the band covered the song as a part of their BBC Live Lounge session.
BBC Two 1991–2001 idents
The BBC Two 1991–2001 idents were broadcast on BBC Two in the United Kingdom from 16 February 1991 until 19 November 2001, and again from 9 July 2014 until 26 September 2018. Consisting of a sans-serif '2' in Gill Sans, accompanied by the colour viridian, the idents were created by branding agency Lambie-Nairn (and later, Red Bee Media) who also created the Channel 4 logo.

The ident package was retained after the corporate rebrand of the BBC in October 1997, when a new logo and additional idents were introduced. The idents were taken out of service in November 2001 and later revived on 21 June 2014 for "90s Night" and in July 2014 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of BBC Two. They replaced the "Window on the World" idents and were broadcast until the evening of Wednesday 26 September 2018.

Logo of the BBC
The logo of the BBC has been a brand identity for the corporation and its work since the 1950s in a variety of designs. Until the introduction of a logo in 1958, the corporation had relied on its coat of arms for official documentation and correspondence, although it rarely appeared onscreen. With the increased role of television for the BBC in the 1960s, particularly after the foundation of the ITV network, the corporation used its logo to increase viewer familiarity and to standardise its image and content.

The logo has since been redesigned a number of times, most recently in 2021 with the BBC blocks, a logo designed to work across media. From 1958, there have been six different BBC logos. The first logo of the network was used from 1958 to 1963, the second from 1963 to 1971, the third from 1971 to 1992, the fourth from 1987 to 1997, the fifth from 1997 to 2021, while the sixth and current logo was adopted in October 2021.
Salmon Gums, Western Australia
Salmon Gums is a small town and locality of the Shire of Esperance in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia, located 106 km north of Esperance on the Coolgardie-Esperance Highway. Apart from the townsite of Salmon Gums, the townsite of Dowak is also located within the locality. Parts of the Ngadju Indigenous Protected Area is also located within Salmon Gums.

The name is derived from a prominent stretch of Eucalyptus salmonophloia (Salmon Gum) trees which formed a landmark in the town's early days. The town is part of the Shire of Esperance.

At the 2016 census, Salmon Gums had a population of 191.

The surrounding areas produce wheat and other cereal crops. The town is a receival site for Cooperative Bulk Handling.

Esperance, Western Australia
Esperance (Wudjari: Kepa Kurl (/kɛp.pɑː kɜːrl/ Kep-pa Kurl)) is a town in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, on the Southern Ocean coastline approximately 720 kilometres (450 mi) east-southeast of the state capital, Perth and 391 kilometres (243 mi) south of Kalgoorlie.

The urban population of Esperance was 12,003 at June 2018. Its major industries are tourism, agriculture, and fishing.
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Armagh
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Armagh (Latin: "Archidioecesis Ardmachana"; Irish: "Ard-Deoise Ard Mhacha") is a Latin ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church situated in Northern Ireland. Its ordinary is the Archbishop of Armagh, who serves concurrently as the metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province of Armagh and holds the title of Primate of All Ireland, the highest-ranking prelate in the Irish Catholic hierarchy.

The mother church of the archdiocese is St Patrick's Cathedral, a site of profound historical and spiritual significance. The archdiocese’s claim to primatial status is rooted in its founding by Saint Patrick circa 445, establishing it as the principal see of Irish Christianity. Its recognition as a metropolitan province was formalized in 1152 by the Synod of Kells, affirming its ecclesial preeminence.

The current archbishop, Eamon Martin, has held office since 2024. He is assisted by auxiliary bishop Michael Router, appointed in 2019.

St Patrick's Cathedral, Armagh (Roman Catholic)
St. Patrick's Cathedral in Armagh, Northern Ireland is the seat of the Catholic Archbishop of Armagh, Primate of All Ireland. It was built in various phases between 1840 and 1904 to serve as the Roman Catholic cathedral of the Archdiocese of Armagh, the original medieval Cathedral of St. Patrick having been appropriated by the state church called the Church of Ireland at the time of the Irish Reformation.

The Cathedral stands on a hill, as does its Anglican counterpart.
Ashig Alasgar
Alasgar Almammed oghlu (Azerbaijani: Ələsgər Alməmməd oğlu), popularly known as Ashig Alasgar (Azerbaijani: Aşıq Ələsgər; 22 March 1821 — 7 March 1926), was an Azerbaijani mystic troubadour (Ashik) and poet of Azerbaijani folk songs.

Ashik
An ashik (Azerbaijani: aşıq; Turkish: aşık) or ashugh (Armenian: աշուղ; Georgian: აშუღი): 1365  is traditionally a singer-poet and bard who accompanies his song—be it a dastan (traditional epic story, also known as hikaye) or a shorter original composition—with a long-necked lute (usually a bağlama or saz): 225  in Azerbaijani culture, including Turkish and Iranian Azeri and non-Turkic cultures of South Caucasus (primarily Armenian and Georgian).: 15–36 : 47  In Azerbaijan, the modern ashik is a professional musician who usually serves an apprenticeship, masters playing the bağlama, and builds up a varied but individual repertoire of Turkic folk songs.
Interstate 165 (Kentucky)
Interstate 165 (I-165) is a 70.2-mile-long (113.0 km) auxiliary Interstate Highway in the US state of Kentucky. A spur route of I-65, it extends from I-65 in Bowling Green to U.S. Route 60 (US 60) and US 231 in Owensboro. It opened in 1972 as the Green River Parkway and was renamed the William H. Natcher Parkway in 1994. It was designated as I-165 in 2019 after completion of a project that brought the highway up to Interstate Highway standards.

Interstate 65 in Kentucky
Interstate 65 (I-65) is part of the Interstate Highway System that runs 887.30 miles (1,427.97 km) north–south from Mobile, Alabama, to Gary, Indiana. The highway crosses Kentucky from south to north, from the Tennessee state line near Franklin to the Indiana state line in Louisville. I-65 passes through three of Kentucky's ten largest cities—Bowling Green, Elizabethtown, and Louisville—and serves Mammoth Cave National Park and Fort Knox. Kentucky was the first state to complete its portion of I-65, with the final section, located near Franklin, opening in 1970.
Daihatsu Rocky
The Daihatsu Rocky (Japanese: ダイハツ・ロッキー, Hepburn: Daihatsu Rokkī) is an automobile nameplate used by the Japanese automobile manufacturer Daihatsu since 1984 for three different SUV models:

Daihatsu Rocky (F70), an export version of the Rugger sold between 1984 and 2002

Daihatsu Rocky (F300), a ladder frame-based mini SUV sold in Japan and some international markets between 1989 and 2002

Daihatsu Rocky (A200), a subcompact crossover sold since 2019

The Rocky was popular in Australia in the 1980s and 1990s, largely drawing from the success in Japan, where it was known as the Lovibond Rocky.

F70

F300

A200

Daihatsu Rocky (A200)
The A200/A250 series Daihatsu Rocky (Japanese: ダイハツ・ロッキー, Hepburn: Daihatsu Rokkī) is a subcompact crossover SUV manufactured by Daihatsu. It was unveiled at the 46th Tokyo Motor Show on 23 October 2019 under the "New Compact SUV" name. It replaced the Be‣go in the Japanese market and went on sale on 5 November 2019. The Rocky is also rebadged and sold under Toyota and Subaru brands as the Toyota Raize (Japanese: トヨタ・ライズ, Hepburn: Toyota Raizu) and Subaru Rex (Japanese: スバル・レックス, Hepburn: Subaru Rekkusu) respectively.

Outside of Japan, the model is also manufactured in Indonesia and Malaysia. The Indonesian model of Rocky and Raize have been sold locally since April 2021 and also exported as the Raize to 50 countries. The Malaysian model is sold under the Perodua brand as the Perodua Ativa since February 2021.
Lutino cockatiel
The lutino cockatiel is one of the most popular mutations of cockatiel, with white to light-yellow feathers
and orange/red cheek patches.

The "normal grey" or "wild type" of a cockatiel's plumage is primarily grey with prominent white flashes on the outer edges of each wing.

However, bird breeders can breed for certain traits, and they have been breeding for different color mutations in cockatiels since the 1940s.

The lutino cockatiel mutation was the second cockatiel mutation to be established in the United States, the first being the pied cockatiel mutation in 1951.

The lutino appeared in the aviaries of Cliff Barringer of Miami, Florida, United States, in 1958.

Cockatiel
The cockatiel (/ˌkɒkəˈtiːl/; Nymphicus hollandicus), also known as the weero/weiro or quarrion, is a medium-sized
parrot that is a member of its own branch of the cockatoo family endemic to Australia. They are prized as exotic household pets and companion parrots throughout the world and are relatively easy to breed compared to other parrots. As a caged bird, cockatiels are second in popularity only to the budgerigar.

The cockatiel is the only member of the genus Nymphicus. It was previously unclear whether the cockatiel is a crested parakeet or small cockatoo; however, more recent molecular studies have assigned it to its own subfamily, Nymphicinae. It is, therefore, now classified as the smallest subfamily of the Cacatuidae (cockatoo family). Cockatiels are native to Australia, favouring the Australian wetlands, scrublands, and bushlands. There are many different mutations of this bird.
Diocese of Biloxi
The Diocese of Biloxi (Latin: Dioecesis Biloxiensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church that encompasses 17 counties in southern Mississippi in the United States. The diocese was erected in 1977. It is a suffragan diocese of the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Mobile. The Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Biloxi is the diocesan cathedral.

Archdiocese of Mobile
The Archdiocese of Mobile (Latin: Archidiœcesis Mobiliensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or archdiocese, of the Catholic Church in southern Alabama in the United States. It is the metropolitan see of its ecclesiastical province, which includes the suffragan diocese of the Diocese of Biloxi, the Diocese of Jackson, and the Diocese of Birmingham in Alabama. It was established as the Archdiocese of Mobile on November 16, 1980. The Archbishop of Mobile is the pastor of the Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception located in Mobile, Alabama.
Maribel Owen
Maribel Yerxa Owen (April 25, 1940 – February 15, 1961) was an American figure skater.

She was the daughter of skaters Maribel Vinson and Guy Owen and the sister of 1961 U.S. Ladies' Champion Laurence Owen. With pairs  partner Dudley Richards, they placed tenth at 1960 Winter Olympics and won the U.S. national championship in 1961. Along with her mother, sister, and the U.S. Figure Skating team and coaches, Owen died in the crash of Sabena Flight 548 en route to the 1961 World Championships.

Maribel Vinson
Maribel Yerxa Vinson Owen (née Vinson; October 12, 1911 – February 15, 1961) was an American figure skater and coach. She competed in the disciplines of ladies' singles and pair skating. As a singles skater, she was the 1932 Olympic bronze medalist, a two-time World medalist (1928 silver, 1930 bronze), the 1937 North American champion, and a nine-time U.S. national champion. As a pair skater, she was the 1935 North American champion and four-time national champion with George Hill. She also won two national titles with Thornton Coolidge. She was the first female sportswriter at The New York Times, and continued competing and winning medals while working as a full-time reporter.

Vinson is tied with Michelle Kwan for the record in U.S. ladies' figure skating titles.
Jozef Miloslav Hurban
Jozef Miloslav Hurban (Hungarian: Hurbán József Miloszláv; pseudonyms Slavomil F. Kořennatý, Ľudovít Pavlovič, M. z Bohuslavíc, M. Selovský, 19 March 1817 – 21 February 1888) was a leader of the Slovak National Council and the Slovak Uprising in 1848–1849. He was a writer, journalist, politician, organizer of Slovak cultural life, and a Lutheran pastor. He was a supporter of Ján Kollár, and later of Ľudovít Štúr. His son, Svetozár Hurban-Vajanský, followed in his footsteps both as a writer and nationalist.

He is a co-founder of the Slovak National Council, Slovak Matica, group Tatrín, co-founder of the Slovak National Theater in Nitra.

The city of Hurbanovo in southern Slovakia and asteroid 3730 Hurban are both named after him.

Ľudovít Štúr
Ľudovít Štúr (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈʎudɔʋiːt ˈʃtuːr];  28 October 1815 – 12 January 1856), also known as Ľudovít Velislav Štúr, was a Slovak revolutionary, politician, and writer. As a leader of the Slovak national revival in the 19th century and the codifier of standard Slovak, he is lauded as one of the most important figures in Slovak history.

Štúr was an organizer of the Slovak volunteer campaigns during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. He was also a politician, poet, journalist, publisher, teacher, philosopher, linguist, and member of the Hungarian Parliament.