hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tamil South Africans
Tamil South Africans are Indian South Africans of Tamil descent. Tamil people form the majority of Indian immigrants who came from India to Natal, South Africa, from 1860 onwards. After the expiry of their indentures most of these Indians moved to the cities, becoming established as a thoroughly urban population.

Indian South Africans
Indian South Africans are South Africans who descend from indentured labourers and free migrants who arrived from British India during the late 1800s and early 1900s. The majority live in and around the city of Durban, making it one of the largest ethnically Indian-populated cities outside of India.

As a consequence of the policies of apartheid, Indian (synonymous with Asian) is regarded as a race group in South Africa.
Heavy Iron Studios
Heavy Iron Studios, Inc. is an American video game developer based in Manhattan Beach, California. It was founded in August 1999 within THQ after the publisher acquired Steve Gray's Chemistry Entertainment. As part of a series of cost reductions within THQ, Heavy Iron Studios was spun off as an independent company in June 2009. Keywords Studios acquired the developer in January 2021.

Keywords Studios
Keywords Studios plc is an Irish video game industry services company based in Leopardstown. Founded in 1998 by Giorgio Guastalla and Teresa Luppino, the company initially provided localisation services for business software before transitioning to the video game industry. Andrew Day replaced Guastalla as the chief executive officer in 2009 and the company completed its initial public offering on the London Stock Exchange in 2013. Since then, Keywords Studios has acquired several other companies, including Certain Affinity, Blindlight, Climax Studios, Forgotten Empires, GameSim, Heavy Iron Studios, High Voltage Software, Smoking Gun Interactive, Tantalus Media, and Wicked Workshop. In October 2024, Keywords Studios was acquired by a group of investors led by EQT AB.
Memories (Riize song)
"Memories" is a song recorded by South Korean boy band Riize. The song was released on August 21, 2023, through SM Entertainment and distributed by Kakao Entertainment and RCA Records, as the first single from the group's debut single album Get a Guitar.

Get a Guitar
Get a Guitar is the debut single album by South Korean boy band Riize. Released on September 4, 2023, by SM Entertainment through Kakao Entertainment, the single album consists of two tracks, "Memories" and the title track of the same name, which both were released to promote the single album on August 21 and September 4, respectively.
Great Fires of 1871
The Great Fires of 1871 were a series of conflagrations that took place throughout the final days of September and first weeks of October 1871 in the United States and elsewhere, primarily occurring in  the Midwestern United States. These fires include the Great Chicago Fire, Peshtigo Fire, and Great Michigan Fire. In total, the fires burnt more than 3,000,000 acres (1,200,000 ha) of land and killed thousands.

Great Chicago Fire
The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned in the American city of Chicago, Illinois, during October 8–10, 1871. The fire killed approximately 300 people, destroyed 17,000 structures across roughly 3.3 square miles (9 km2), and left more than 100,000 residents homeless. The fire began in a neighborhood southwest of the city center. A long period of hot, dry, windy conditions, and the wooden construction prevalent in the city, led to the conflagration spreading quickly. The fire leapt the south branch of the Chicago River and destroyed much of central Chicago and then crossed the main stem of the river, consuming the Near North Side.

Help flowed to the city from near and far after the fire. The city government improved building codes to stop the rapid spread of future fires and rebuilt rapidly to those higher standards. A donation from the United Kingdom spurred the establishment of the Chicago Public Library.
Moorfields railway station
Moorfields railway station is an underground railway station in the city centre of Liverpool, England. The station is situated on both the Northern and Wirral Lines of the Merseyrail network. It is the third-busiest station on the Merseyrail network, and the largest underground station. It is also the only station on the network having services to all other Merseyrail stations.

Northern line (Merseyrail)
The Northern line is one of two commuter rail routes operated by Merseyrail  and centred on Merseyside, England, the other being the Wirral line. The cross-city route runs from Hunts Cross in south Liverpool then (by way of an underground section through Liverpool's city centre) branches in the north to terminate at Southport, Headbolt Lane (both Merseyside) and Ormskirk (Lancashire).

Passenger interchange to the Wirral line is available at Moorfields and Liverpool Central, and to the separately-owned City line at Hunts Cross and Liverpool South Parkway. Liverpool South Parkway also allows interchange with regional and long-distance services, while connections to services operated by Northern Trains are possible at Headbolt Lane, Ormskirk and Southport.
Annan command
Annan command, Annam command, or Annan dutongshisi (simplified Chinese: 安南都统使司; traditional Chinese: 安南都統使司; pinyin: Ānnán Dūtǒngshǐsī; Vietnamese: An Nam Đô thống sứ ty), was the name of an administrative region of the Ming dynasty of China. When the Mạc dynasty usurped the Lê dynasty's throne in Đại Việt (or called Annan by the Chinese, present-day northern Vietnam), the Jiajing Emperor seized the opportunity to send envoys demanding accountability. At the time, the Mạc were preoccupied with military campaigns in the south and had no choice but to submit as vassals to secure their northern border. Đại Việt was downgraded from a vassal state to a subordinate territory. Nominally, Đại Việt became an administrative unit of China under native governance, but in reality, Viet rulers—who still proclaimed themselves emperors—retained full domestic authority throughout the period from 1540 to 1647.

Mạc dynasty
The Mạc dynasty (Vietnamese: Nhà Mạc/triều Mạc; Hán-Nôm: 茹莫/朝莫) (1527–1677), officially Đại Việt (Chữ Hán: 大越), was a Vietnamese dynasty which ruled over a unified Vietnam between 1527 and 1540, and northern Vietnam from 1540 until 1593. The Mạc dynasty lost control over the capital Đông Kinh (modern Hanoi) for the last time in its wars against the Later Lê dynasty and the Trịnh Lords in 1592. Subsequent members of the Mạc dynasty ruled over the province of Cao Bằng with the direct support of the Chinese Ming and Qing dynasties until 1677 (with members of the Mạc dynasty accepted as officials of the Later Lê dynasty from 1627).
Wessel Islands
The Wessel Islands is a group of uninhabited islands in the Northern Territory of Australia. They extend in a more or less straight line from Buckingham Bay and the Napier Peninsula of Arnhem Land, and Elcho Island, to the northeast. Marchinbar Island is the largest of the group. Other islands include Elcho Island, Rimbija Island (the most outlying island), Guluwuru, Raragala, Stevens Island, Burgunngura, Djeergaree, Yargara, Drysdale Island, Jirrgari Island, Graham Island, Alger Island, Abbott Island, and Howard Island.

Bumaga Island and Warnawi Island, both part of the Wessel Islands group, are also part of the Cunningham Islands.

Cunningham Islands
The Cunningham Islands is a small group of islands located south of the Wessel Islands in the Northern Territory of Australia. Both Bumaga Island and Warnawi Island are in the Cunningham Islands group and the Wessel Islands group.
Tinners Way
Tinners Way  (May 25, 1990 – July 5, 2017) was an American Thoroughbred best known as the last colt from his sire Secretariat's final crop. He began running on European turf in 1992 and concluded three and a half seasons later with strong performances against top-rated fields on American dirt courses, including back-to-back wins in the Pacific Classic. His earnings exceeded $1.8 million, which established him, along with Risen Star, Lady's Secret, and General Assembly, as one of his sire's top performers. After standing at stud for many years in Kentucky, California and Texas, he was retired to Old Friends Equine near Lexington, Kentucky in 2010, where he died in 2017.

Old Friends Equine
Old Friends is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) equine retirement facility in Georgetown, Kentucky, accredited by the Thoroughbred Aftercare Alliance (TAA). The organization started with one leased paddock and two horses, but it now owns 136 acres, Dreamchase Farm, with additional leased pasturage. It is the only Thoroughbred retirement facility in the United States that accepts stallions on a regular basis. Old Friends is currently home to over 150 retired Thoroughbred athletes.
Giorgio Massari
Giorgio Massari (13 October 1687 – 20 December 1766) was an Italian late-Baroque  architect from Venice. In Venice, he often worked closely with Tiepolo in planning interior decoration of palaces. Among his masterpieces are the Chiesa dei Gesuati (1726–43) located in Dorsoduro, Venice and the Palazzo Grassi (1749).

Gesuati
Santa Maria del Rosario (St. Mary of the Rosary), commonly known as I Gesuati, is an 18th-century Dominican church in the Sestiere of Dorsoduro, on the Giudecca canal in Venice, northern Italy. The classical style building has a well-lit interior and is exceptional in preserving its original layout and Rococo decoration intact. The church and almost all its sculpture and paintings were created within a thirty-year period: construction began in 1725, the church was consecrated in 1743, and the last sculptural decoration was in place by 1755.
Jean Paulhan
Jean Paulhan (French: [pɔlɑ̃]; 2 December 1884 – 9 October 1968) was a French writer, literary critic and publisher, director of the literary magazine Nouvelle Revue Française (NRF) from 1925 to 1940 and from 1946 to 1968. He was a member (Seat 6, 1963–68) of the Académie française. He was born in Nîmes (Gard) and died in Paris.

The author Anne Desclos revealed that she had written the novel Story of O as a series of love letters to her lover Paulhan, who had admired the work of the Marquis de Sade.

Anne Desclos
Anne Cécile Desclos (French: [dɛklo]; 23 September 1907 – 27 April 1998) was a French literary critic, journalist, and novelist who wrote under the pen names Dominique Aury and Pauline Réage. She is best known for her erotic novel Story of O (1954).
Vamana
Vamana (Sanskrit: वामन, lit. 'Dwarf', IAST: Vāmana), also known as Trivikrama (lit. 'three steps'), Urukrama (lit. 'far-stepping'), Upendra (lit. 'Indra’s younger brother/Superior to Indra'), Dadhivamana (Sanskrit: दधिवामन, lit. 'milk-dwarf', IAST: Dadhivāmana), Ulagalanthan (lit. 'the one who measured the world) and Balibandhana (lit. 'binder or killer of Bali'), is an avatar of the Hindu deity Vishnu. He is the fifth avatar of Vishnu and the first Dashavatara in the Treta Yuga, after Narasimha.

First mentioned in the Vedas, Vamana is most commonly associated in the Hindu epics and Puranas with the story of taking back the three worlds (collectively referred to as the Trailokya) from the daitya-king Mahabali by taking three steps to restore the cosmic order and push Mahabali into the netherworld. He is the youngest among the adityas, the sons of Aditi and the sage Kashyapa.

Kashyapa
Kashyapa (Sanskrit: कश्यप, IAST: Kaśyapa) is a revered Vedic sage of Hinduism. He is one of the Saptarishis, the seven ancient sages of the Rigveda. In the Ramayana, he is referred as Arishtanemi. Kashyapa is the most ancient and venerated rishi, along with the other Saptarishis, listed in the colophon verse in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad.

Kashyapa is an ancient name, referring to many different personalities in the ancient Hindu and Buddhist texts.
Chai Feldblum
Chai Rachel Feldblum (born April 1959) is an American legal scholar and activist for disability and LGBT rights. A former law professor at Georgetown University Law Center, she served as Commissioner at the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). She was nominated to the position by president Barack Obama in 2009. In April 2010, she received a recess appointment to the EEOC, and in December 2010 she was confirmed by the United States Senate.  The Senate confirmed her in December 2013 for a second term on the Commission which expired in July 2018.

United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
The United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is a United States federal government agency that was established via the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to administer and enforce civil rights laws against workplace discrimination.: 12, 21  The EEOC investigates discrimination complaints based on an individual's race, color, national origin, religion, sex (including sexual orientation, pregnancy, and gender identity), age, disability, genetic information, and retaliation for participating in a discrimination complaint proceeding and/or opposing a discriminatory practice.

The commission also mediates and settles thousands of discrimination complaints each year prior to their investigation. The EEOC is also empowered to file civil discrimination suits against employers on behalf of alleged victims. The commission cannot adjudicate claims or impose administrative sanctions. Since 2025, the chair of the EEOC is Andrea R. Lucas.
Barney Barnato
Barney Barnato (born Barnet Isaacs; 21 February 1851 – 14 June 1897) was a British Randlord and diamond magnate who was one of the entrepreneurs who gained control of diamond mining, and later, gold mining in South Africa from the 1870s up to World War I. He was known as a rival of Cecil Rhodes.

Solomon Joel
Solomon Barnato Joel (23 May 1865 – 22 May 1931) was a British-South African business magnate.  He moved to Cape Colony in the 1880s where he made his fortune in connection with diamonds, later becoming a financier with interests in mining, brewing and railways.
K. Dock Yip
Kew Dock Yip (葉求鐸; pinyin: Yè Qiúduó; 1906–2001) was community leader in Toronto's First Chinatown, the first Canadian lawyer of Chinese descent, and played a critical role in helping repeal the Canadian Chinese Exclusion Act in 1947. He is the third youngest son of Yip Sang, a prominent Chinese merchant and paymaster of CP Railway, in Vancouver in the 1900s.

Yip Sang
Yip Sang (Chinese: 葉春田; pinyin: Yè Chūntián; 6 September 1845 – 1927) was a prominent Canadian businessman, whose business and family flourished during the period when Chinese Canadians faced discrimination and restrictions. On top of his business and real estate holding, Yip was also a social reformer and political activist in Canada.
Varenye
Varenye is a popular whole-fruit preserve, widespread in Eastern Europe (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus), as well as the Baltic region. It is made by cooking berries, other fruits, or more rarely nuts, vegetables, or flowers, in sugar syrup. In some traditional recipes, other sweeteners such as honey or treacle are used instead of or in addition to sugar.

Varenye is similar to jam except the fruits are not macerated, and no gelling agent is added. It is characterized by a thick but transparent syrup having the natural colour of the fruits.

Confiture
A confiture is any fruit jam, marmalade, paste, sweetmeat, or fruit stewed in thick syrup. Confit, the root of the word, comes from the French word confire, which literally means 'preserved'; a confit being any type of food that is cooked slowly over a long period of time as a method of preservation.

A copper bowl for cooking confiture
B67 and B69 buses
The B67 and B69 bus routes comprise a public transit line in Brooklyn, New York City. Both bus routes originated as streetcar lines: The B67 originated as the Seventh Avenue Line, while the B69 originated as the Vanderbilt Avenue Line. The current bus routes are operated by MTA Regional Bus Operations. The B67 runs primarily along Seventh Avenue, Flatbush Avenue, and Livingston Street, while the B69 runs along Seventh Avenue and Vanderbilt Avenue. Although both routes' southern termini are in Kensington, Brooklyn, the northern terminus of the B67 is in Williamsburg while the northern terminus of the B69 is in Dumbo.

Kensington, Brooklyn
Kensington is a neighborhood in the central portion of the New York City borough of Brooklyn, located south of Prospect Park and Green-Wood Cemetery. Kensington and Parkville are bordered by the Prospect Park South and Ditmas Park subsections of Flatbush to the east; Windsor Terrace to the north; Borough Park to the west; and Midwood to the south.

Kensington is a predominantly residential area, with housing types that include brick rowhouses, detached one-family Victorians, and apartment buildings. Pre-war brick apartment buildings dominate the Ocean Parkway and Coney Island Avenue frontage, including many that operate as co-ops. The neighborhood has a diverse population with residents of many ethnicities. The main commercial streets are Coney Island Avenue, Church Avenue, Ditmas Avenue, and McDonald Avenue. Ocean Parkway bisects the neighborhood east–west. Kensington's ZIP Code is 11218 and it is served by the NYPD's 66th Precinct.
Brooks Bandits
The Brooks Bandits are a Junior ice hockey team in the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL) based in Brooks, Alberta. The teams plays its home games at the Centennial Regional Arena. The team was formerly in the Alberta Junior Hockey League (AJHL), until they joined the BCHL in February 2024.

Alberta Junior Hockey League
The Alberta Junior Hockey League (AJHL) is an Alberta-based Junior A ice hockey league that belongs to the Canadian Junior Hockey League (CJHL).  It was formed as a five-team league in 1964. The 2023–24 season began with 16 teams, however 5 teams did not finish the season after it was announced that 
they planned to join the BCHL in the 2024–25 season. The regular season league champions receive the Dave Duchak Trophy.  The playoff champions receive the Inter Pipeline Cup (previously known as the Carling O'Keefe trophy and Gas Drive Cup). The winner of the AJHL playoffs continues on to play in the Centennial Cup tournament, which determines Canadian Junior A champion.
Gran Premio Estrellas Classic
The Gran Premio Estrellas Classic is a Group 1 horse race that is part of the Carreras de las Estrellas and is open to horses three years old or older. It is run over a distance of 2000 metres (1.2 mi) either on the turf at Hipódromo de San Isidro or on the dirt at the Hipódromo Argentino de Palermo. The Gran Premio Estrellas Classic is considered the feature race of the Carreras de las Estrellas.

Carreras de las Estrellas
The Carreras de las Estrellas are an annual series of thoroughbred horse races run in Argentina since 1991, inspired by the Breeders' Cup and organized by the Fundación Equina Argentina (FEAR). It is one of the most popular horse racing events in Argentina and consists of six Group 1 races, one Group 3 race, a listed restricted race, and two ungraded races.

Many important and famous Argentine racehorses have won Carreras de las Estrellas races, including Intérprete, Wally, Refinado Tom, Team, Miss Terrible, Potrillón, and Ollagua.
Sara Bost
Sara Brockington Bost (born 1947) was the first female African-American to serve as Mayor of Irvington, New Jersey. She was the first African-American to head the Women Mayors Division of the United States Conference of Mayors. In 2003 she was sentenced to a year in prison for witness tampering.

Irvington, New Jersey
Irvington is a township in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 61,176, an increase of 7,250 (+13.4%) from the 2010 census count of 53,926, which in turn reflected a decline of 6,769 (−11.2%) from the 60,695 counted in the 2000 census.

The township had the ninth-highest property tax rate in New Jersey in 2020, with an equalized rate of 4.890% in 2020, compared to 2.824% in the county as a whole and a statewide average of 2.279%.
Paul Dacre
Paul Michael Dacre (/ˈdeɪkər/; born 14 November 1948) is an English journalist and the former long-serving editor of the British tabloid the Daily Mail. He is also editor-in-chief of DMG Media, which publishes the Daily Mail, The Mail on Sunday, the free daily tabloid Metro, the MailOnline website, and other titles.

On 1 October 2018, Dacre became chairman and editor-in-chief of Associated Newspapers, and stood down as editor of the Daily Mail in the following month. He briefly left Associated Newspapers in November 2021, but rejoined just three weeks later following his withdrawal from the race to become Ofcom chairman.

The Mail on Sunday
The Mail on Sunday is a British conservative newspaper, published in a tabloid format. Founded in 1982 by Lord Rothermere, it is the biggest-selling Sunday newspaper in the UK.  Its sister paper, the Daily Mail, was first published in 1896.

In July 2011, following the closure of the News of the World, The Mail on Sunday sold 2.5 million copies a week—making it Britain's biggest-selling Sunday newspaper—but by September that had fallen back to just under 2 million. Like the Daily Mail, it is owned by the Daily Mail and General Trust (DMGT), but the editorial staffs of the two papers are entirely separate. It had an average weekly circulation of 1,284,121 in December 2016; this had fallen to 673,525 by December 2022. In April 2020, the Society of Editors announced that the Mail on Sunday was the winner of the Sunday Newspaper of the Year for 2019.
Intezaar (2022 film)
Intezaar (Urdu: انتظار) is a 2022 Pakistani drama film directed by Sakina Samo in her feature film directorial debut based on a script by Bee Gul. Samina Ahmed, Kaif Ghaznavi, Khalid Ahmed, Raza Ali Abid and Adnan Jaffar appear in prominent roles.

The film was first announced in June 2019 during its post-production phase, with music that was composed by Darvesh. After delayed theatrical releases, the film was released countrywide on 19 August 2022.

Bee Gul
Bee Gul (Urdu: بی گل) is a Pakistani screenwriter and director. She wrote films and TV plays like Talkhiyaan, Pehchaan, Kaun Qamar Ara, Firdous ki Dozakh, most notably Dar Si Jaati Hai Sila and Raqeeb Se for Hum TV.

Her work is often described as artsy. Additionally, Bee Gul serves as a visiting faculty member at the National College of Arts (NCA) Lahore, where she teaches advanced scriptwriting, film analysis, and production design.
Battle of Almansa
The Battle of Almansa took place on 25 April 1707, during the War of the Spanish Succession. It was fought between an army loyal to Philip V of Spain, Bourbon claimant to the Spanish throne, and one supporting his Habsburg rival, Archduke Charles of Austria. The result was a decisive Bourbon victory that reclaimed most of eastern Spain for Philip.

The Bourbon army was commanded by the Duke of Berwick, illegitimate son of James II of England, while Habsburg forces were led by Henri de Massue, Earl of Galway, an exiled French Huguenot. This makes it "probably the only battle in history in which the English forces were commanded by a Frenchman, the French by an Englishman."

Henri de Massue, Earl of Galway
Henri de Massue, 2nd Marquis de Ruvigny, Earl of Galway, PC, PC (Ire) (9 April 1648 – 3 September 1720) was a French Huguenot soldier and diplomat who was influential in the English service in the Nine Years' War and the War of the Spanish Succession.