hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2010 Oxford City Council election
Elections for Oxford City Council were held on Thursday 6 May 2010. As Oxford City Council is elected by halves, one seat in each of the 24 wards was up for election.

Labour gained two seats (Barton and Sandhills ward from the Liberal Democrats and Northfield Brook ward from the Independent Working Class Association), the Liberal Democrats also gained two seats (Carfax and St Clement's ward, both from the Green Party). As a result of this election, Labour gained control of the city council, with 25 out of 48 seats.

A general election was held on the same day, which accounts for the higher turnout (61.7%).

Oxford City Council elections
Oxford City Council in Oxford, England is elected every two years, with half of the 48 seats in the City Council up for election on each occasion. Elections are held in even-numbered years. Until 2002 the council was elected by thirds.

As vacancies arise between elections, by-elections are held to elect a replacement councillor.
Mandurah City FC
Mandurah City Football Club is an Australian professional football club based in Mandurah, Western Australia. Their home ground is Peelwood Reserve in Halls Head.
The club has over 300 registered players which also includes Juniors, Social, Women, Semi-pro and Masters teams. They currently (2023) compete in the Football West State League Division 1.

Football West State League
The Football West State League  is a regional Australian semi-professional soccer league comprising teams from Western Australia consisting of two divisions. The league sits at Levels 2 and 3 on the Western Australian league system (Levels 3 and 4 of the overall Australian league system). The competition is administered by Football West, the governing body of the sport in the state. Division 1 has been called the All Flags State League Division 1 due to sponsorship arrangements since 2011.
Thomson scattering
Thomson scattering is the elastic scattering of electromagnetic radiation by a free charged particle, as described by classical electromagnetism. It is the low-energy limit of Compton scattering: the particle's kinetic energy and photon frequency do not change as a result of the scattering.  This limit is valid as long as the photon energy is much smaller than the mass energy of the particle: hν ≪ mc2, or equivalently, if the wavelength of the light is much greater than the Compton wavelength of the particle (e.g., for electrons, longer wavelengths than hard x-rays).

Compton wavelength
The Compton wavelength is a quantum mechanical property of a particle, defined as the wavelength of a photon whose energy is the same as the rest energy of that particle (see Mass–energy equivalence). It was introduced by Arthur Compton in 1923 in his explanation of the scattering of photons by electrons (a process known as Compton scattering).

The standard Compton wavelength λ of a particle of mass m is given by

where h is the Planck constant and c is the speed of light.
The corresponding frequency f  is given by
 
and the angular frequency ω is given by
83rd World Science Fiction Convention
The 83rd World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as Seattle Worldcon 2025, was held in August 13–17, 2025 in Seattle, Washington, United States. The science fiction convention was chaired by Kathy Bond.

Worldcon
The World Science Fiction Convention, branded as Worldcon, is a science fiction convention and the annual convention of the World Science Fiction Society (WSFS). It has been held each year since 1939 (except for the years 1942 to 1945, during World War II). The members of each Worldcon are the members of WSFS, and vote both to select the site of the Worldcon two years later, and to select the winners of the annual Hugo Awards, which are presented at each convention.
Li Xi (Tang dynasty)
Li Xi or Li Qi (李谿 per the Zizhi Tongjian and the History of the Five Dynasties or 李磎 per the Old Book of Tang and the New Book of Tang) (d. June 4, 895), courtesy name Jingwang (景望), nicknamed Li Shulou (李書樓), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving briefly as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong.  With imperial power dwindling, Li Xi's fellow chancellor Cui Zhaowei, who associated with the warlords Li Maozhen, Wang Xingyu, and Han Jian, encouraged Li Maozhen, Wang, and Han to march on the capital Chang'an. Once the three warlords arrived in Chang'an, they put Li Xi and his fellow chancellor Wei Zhaodu to death.

Cui Zhaowei
Cui Zhaowei (崔昭緯) (d. 896), courtesy name Yunyao (蘊曜), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, who served as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong. According to traditional histories, he was disloyal to Emperor Zhaozong and manipulated the court scene by conspiring with the eunuchs and the warlords Li Maozhen the military governor of Fengxiang Circuit (鳳翔, headquartered in modern Baoji, Shaanxi) and Wang Xingyu the military governor of Jingnan Circuit (靜難, headquartered in modern Xianyang, Shaanxi). After Li Keyong the military governor of Hedong Circuit (河東, headquartered in modern Taiyuan, Shanxi) defeated Wang and forced LI Maozhen into submission, Emperor Zhaozong exiled Cui and later had him executed.
Arkansas Highway 174
Arkansas Highway 174 (AR 174, Ark. 174, and Hwy. 174) is a designation for a state highway in Southwest Arkansas. The route is split into two sections. The first section begins at AR 355 in Spring Hill and ends at US Route 67 (US 67) in Hope. The second section begins at US 67 in Perrytown and ends at AR 299 just south of Interstate 30 (I-30).

Arkansas Highway 355
Highway 355 (AR 355 and Hwy. 355) is a designation for three north–south state highways in Southwest Arkansas. The routes are maintained by the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ArDOT).

Between Saratoga and Mineral Springs, AR 355 is part of the Trail of Tears within the Arkansas Heritage Trails System.
Jeremiah 30
Jeremiah 30 is the thirtieth chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. It is numbered as Jeremiah 37 in the Septuagint. This book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. The Jerusalem Bible refers to chapters 30 and 31 as "the Book of Consolation", and Lutheran theologian Ernst Hengstenberg calls these two chapters "the triumphal hymn of Israel’s salvation". For Annesley William Streane, chapters 30-33 form a unit whose "whole tone" speaks of hope, contrasting with earlier passages marked with melanchony and prophecies of punishment. This chapter contains the promises to restoration.

Jeremiah 31
Jeremiah 31 is the thirty-first chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. It is numbered as Jeremiah 38 in the Septuagint. The book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets (Nevi'im). This chapter is notable for the passage about the "New Covenant" (31:31-34) of God with His restored people and the quoting of 31:15 in the “Massacre of the Innocents" narrative (Gospel of Matthew 2:16-18). The Jerusalem Bible refers to chapters 30 and 31 as "the Book of Consolation", and Lutheran theologian Ernst Hengstenberg calls these two chapters "the triumphal hymn of Israel’s salvation". For Annesley William Streane, chapters 30-33 form a unit whose "whole tone" speaks of hope, contrasting with earlier passages marked with melanchony and prophecies of punishment.
Ikeda Munemasa
Ikeda Munemasa (池田宗政) (June 1727 - March 10, 1764) was a daimyō of Iyo Province in the Edo period of Japan. He was the 4th Lord of the Okayama Domain and head of the Ikeda clan. Ikeda's reign began in 1752, following the retirement of his father, Ikeda Tsugumasa, and lasted until his death in 1764. He was lord of Okayama Castle. His childhood name was Shigetaro (茂太郎) later Minechiyo (峯千代).

He authored Portrait of Hitomaro and His Waka Poem, on the subject of the waka poet Kakinomoto no Hitomaro. He was skilled at calligraphy, haikai, painting and waka.

Ikeda Tsugumasa
Ikeda Tsugumasa (1702–1776) (池田継政) was a daimyō of Okayama during the Edo period of Japan, and head of the Ikeda clan. He was the father of Ikeda Munemasa, who would become daimyō following his father's retirement in 1752. His father was Ikeda Tsunamasa, and Tsugumasa made additions to the Kōraku-en gardens that his father built in Okayama. His childhood name was Shigetaro (茂太郎) later Minechiyo (峯千代).

He was in contact with the Rinzai monk Hakuin Ekaku, whom he first heard lecture on the Diamond Sūtra in Okayama in 1751. Hakuin wrote the kana hōgo Yabukôji for the Lord, and Hebi ichigo (辺鄙以知吾).
Ian Dury
Ian Robins Dury (12 May 1942 –  27 March 2000) was an English singer, songwriter and actor who rose to fame in the late 1970s, during the punk and new wave era of rock music. He was the lead singer and lyricist of Kilburn and the High Roads, the Kilburns, Ian Dury and the Blockheads and Ian Dury and the Music Students.

The Blockheads
The Blockheads are an English rock band formed in London in 1977. Originally fronted by lead singer Ian Dury as Ian Dury and the Blockheads or Ian and the Blockheads, the band has continued to perform since Dury's death in 2000. As of March 2023 members included Chaz Jankel (guitar and keyboards), Nathan King (bass), Mick Gallagher (keyboards and piano), John Turnbull (vocals and guitar), John Roberts (drums), and Mike Bennett (lead vocals).  There is a rolling line-up of saxophonists that includes Gilad Atzmon, Terry Edwards, Dave Lewis, and from time to time, the original sax player, Davey Payne. Between 2000 and 2022, the band's lead vocalist and main lyricist was Derek Hussey.

The band may be best known for their hit singles, recorded with Dury, "What a Waste", "Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick", "Reasons to Be Cheerful, Part 3", and "Sex & Drugs & Rock & Roll".
Patricia Duggan
Patricia J. "Trish" Duggan (nee Hagerty) is an American glass artist and philanthropist. In 2025, she was appointed to the board of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts by the second Trump administration. Along with her former husband, Robert Duggan, she is a prominent Scientologist.

Robert Duggan (venture capitalist)
Robert W. Duggan (born 1944) is an American billionaire entrepreneur, biotech and health care executive. He is the former CEO of biopharmaceutical company Pharmacyclics and was previously CEO of surgical systems maker Computer Motion from 1997 to 2003. Duggan is the majority shareholder and CEO of Pulse Biosciences and Summit Therapeutics.
Samtskhe-Saatabago
The Samtskhe-Saatabago or Samtskhe Atabegate (Georgian: სამცხე-საათაბაგო), also called the Principality of Samtskhe (სამცხის სამთავრო), was a Georgian feudal principality in Zemo Kartli, ruled by an atabeg (tutor) of Georgia for nearly three and a half centuries, between 1268 and 1625. Its territory consisted of the modern-day Samtskhe-Javakheti region and the historical region of Tao-Klarjeti.

Atabeg
Atabeg, Atabek, or Atabey is a hereditary title of nobility of Turkic origin, indicating a governor of a nation or province who was subordinate to a monarch and charged with raising the crown prince. The first instance of the title's use was with early Seljuk Turks who bestowed it on the Persian vizier Nizam al-Mulk. It was later used in the Kingdom of Georgia, first within the Armeno-Georgian family of Mkhargrdzeli as a military title and then within the house of Jaqeli as princes of Samtskhe.
Do Revenge
Do Revenge is a 2022 American teen black comedy film directed by Jennifer Kaytin Robinson, who co-wrote the screenplay with Celeste Ballard. It stars Camila Mendes, Maya Hawke, Austin Abrams, Talia Ryder, Rish Shah, and Sarah Michelle Gellar, and it is loosely inspired by Patricia Highsmith's novel Strangers on a Train and Alfred Hitchcock's film adaptation of it (1951). It was released on Netflix on September 16, 2022, and received generally positive reviews from critics.

Robinson pays homage to several 1990s high school films and other teen classics such as Heathers (1989), Jawbreaker (1999), and Mean Girls (2004).

Strangers on a Train (film)
Strangers on a Train is a 1951 American psychological thriller film noir produced and directed by Alfred Hitchcock, screenplay by Raymond Chandler and   Czenzi Ormonde based on the 1950 novel of the same name by Patricia Highsmith. It was shot in late 1950, and released by Warner Bros. Pictures on June 30, 1951, starring Farley Granger, Ruth Roman and Robert Walker.

The story concerns two strangers who meet on a train, one of whom is a psychopath who suggests that they "exchange" murders so that neither will be caught. The film initially received mixed reviews, but has since been regarded much more favorably. In 2021, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Cambridge English Scale
The Cambridge English Scale is a single range of scores used to report results for Cambridge English Language Assessment exams. It was introduced in January 2015, with Cambridge English Scale scores replacing the standardised score and candidate profile used for exams taken pre-2015. The scale aims to provide exam users with more detailed information about their exam performance than was previously available.

From January 2015, results for B2 First, B2 First for schools, C1 Advanced and C2 Proficiency began reporting on the scale. From February 2016 A2 Key for schools and A2 Key for Schools, B1 Preliminary and B1 Preliminary for Schools and Cambridge English: Business Certificates (BEC) have reported on the scale. IELTS is mapped to the Cambridge English Scale but will continue to use its existing nine-band scale for reporting results.

B2 First
B2 First, previously known as Cambridge English: First and the First Certificate in English (FCE), is an English language examination provided by Cambridge Assessment English (previously known as Cambridge English Language Assessment and the University of Cambridge ESOL examinations).

B2 First shows that learners have the language skills needed to communicate confidently in an English-speaking environment. It is targeted at Level B2 of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR).

B2 First is one of the examinations in Cambridge English Qualifications, each of which aligns with a particular level of the CEFR.

There are Cambridge English Qualifications for schools, general and higher education, and business. B2 First is offered in two versions, B2 First for Schools, for school-aged learners, and B2 First, for general and higher education adult learners.
Sleeping Giant (Ontario)
The Sleeping Giant is a series of mesas formed by the erosion of thick, diabase sills on Sibley Peninsula that resembles a giant lying on its back when viewed from the west to north-northwest section of Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. As one moves southward along the shoreline toward Sawyer's Bay, the Sleeping Giant starts to separate into its various sections. Most distinctly in the view from the cliffs at Sawyer's Bay, the Giant appears to have an Adam's Apple. The formation is part of Sleeping Giant Provincial Park. Its dramatic steep cliffs are among the highest in Ontario (250 m). The southernmost point is known as Thunder Cape, depicted by many early Canadian artists such as William Armstrong.

One Ojibway legend identifies the giant as Nanabijou, who was turned to stone when the secret location of a rich silver mine now known as Silver Islet was disclosed to white men.

Sleeping Giant is the namesake and general setting of the 2015 Canadian film Sleeping Giant.

Nanabozho
Nanabozho (in syllabics: ᓇᓇᐳᔓ, [nɐˌnɐbʊˈʒʊ]), also known as Nanabush, is a spirit in Anishinaabe aadizookaan (traditional storytelling), particularly among the Ojibwe of North America. Nanabozho figures prominently in their storytelling, including the story of the world's creation. Nanabozho is the Ojibwe trickster figure and culture hero (these two archetypes are often combined into a single figure in First Nations mythologies, among others).

Nanabozho can take the shape of male or female animals or humans in storytelling. Most commonly it is an animal such as a rabbit, a raven or coyote which lives near the tribe and which is cunning enough to make capture difficult.

Nanabozho is a trickster figure in many First Nation storytellings. While the use of Nanabush through storytelling can be for entertainment, it is often used as a way to pass down information and general life lessons.
Victoria Park (Hong Kong)
Victoria Park (Chinese: 維多利亞公園; Cantonese Yale: Wàihdōleih'a Gūng'yún) is a public park in Causeway Bay, Wan Chai District, Hong Kong. The park is named after Queen Victoria, who has a statue in the park. It is around 190,000 square metres (19 ha) in size and contains sporting facilities for tennis, association football, basketball, handball, volleyball, swimming, jogging, fitness, roller skating, and bowling.

The park first opened to the public in October 1957 and was revamped in the early 2000s. Owned and operated by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of Hong Kong, the park is open all year, free of admission charge. It is Hong Kong's most popular public park, with more visitors than Hong Kong Park and Kowloon Park combined.

Statue of Queen Victoria, Hong Kong
The statue of Queen Victoria is a bronze sculpture by Mario Raggi. It is currently installed in Victoria Park, in Causeway Bay, Wan Chai District, Hong Kong, near the Causeway Road entrance of the park.
E-girl and e-boy subculture
E-girls and e-boys, sometimes collectively referred to as e-kids, are a youth subculture of Gen Z that emerged in the late 2010s, notably popularized by the video-sharing application TikTok. It is an evolution of emo, scene, and mall goth fashion, combined with Japanese and South Korean street fashion.

Videos by e-girls and e-boys tend to be flirtatious and, many times, overtly sexual. Eye-rolling and protruding tongues (a facial expression known as ahegao, imitating climaxing) are common.

According to Business Insider, the terms are not gender-specific, instead referring to two separate styles of fashion, stating that "While the e-boy is a vulnerable 'softboi' and embraces skate culture, the e-girl is cute and seemingly innocent".

Mall goth
Mall goths (also known as spooky kids) are a subculture that began in the late-1990s in the United States. Originating as a pejorative to describe people who dressed goth for the fashion rather than culture, it eventually developed its own culture centred around nu metal, industrial metal, emo and the Hot Topic store chain. It has variously been described as a part of the goth subculture or as a separate subculture simply influenced by goth.
Moser's trick
In differential geometry, a branch of mathematics, Moser's trick (or Moser's argument) is a method to relate two differential forms  and  on a smooth manifold by a diffeomorphism  such that , provided that one can find a family of vector fields satisfying a certain ODE.

More generally, the argument holds for a family  and produce an entire isotopy  such that .

It was originally given by Jürgen Moser in 1965 to check when two volume forms are equivalent, but its main applications are in symplectic geometry. It is the standard argument for the modern proof of Darboux's theorem, as well as for the proof of Darboux-Weinstein theorem and other normal form results.

Darboux's theorem
In differential geometry, a field in mathematics, Darboux's theorem is a theorem providing a normal form for special classes of differential 1-forms, partially generalizing the Frobenius integration theorem. It is named after Jean Gaston Darboux who established it as the solution of the Pfaff problem.

It is a foundational result in several fields, the chief among them being symplectic geometry. Indeed, one of its many consequences is that any two symplectic manifolds of the same dimension are locally symplectomorphic to one another. That is, every -dimensional symplectic manifold can be made to look locally like the linear symplectic space  with its canonical symplectic form.

There is also an analogous consequence of the theorem applied to contact geometry.
Baron of Santa Pau
Baron of Santa Pau (Spanish: Barón de Santa Pau) is a hereditary title in the Spanish nobility created in Catalonia on an unknown date, though believed to have been made before 1070, as at that time, in Girona, there are records of a knight named Almérico I de Santa Pau as the lord of this barony, being the first person recorded as such. After that, the title is lost, until it is once again mentioned in 1360, without mention of who the baron was.

The title was re-created by Alfonso XIII in 1916 in favour of Carlos de Sentmenat y Sentmenat, 9th Marquess of Castelldosrius, 2nd Marquess of Oris (re-created in 1915).

The title is currently held by Ágatha Ruiz de la Prada y Sentmenat, who also holds the title of Marchioness of Castelldosrius, which has a Grandeeship attached.

Marquess of Castelldosrius
Marquess of Castelldosrius (Spanish: Marqués de Castelldosríus) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity Grandee and granted on 6 April 1696 by Charles II to Manuel de Oms y Santa Pau, knight of the Order of Malta, governor of Tarragona, viceroy and captain general of Mallorca, of Peru, of Tierra Firme and of Chile. The grandeeship was merged into the marquessate on 9 July 1701 by Philip V, later confirmed on 1 May 1703.

The title is currently held by Ágatha Ruiz de la Prada y Sentmenat, who also holds the title of Baroness of Santa Pau.
Lydd
Lydd is a town and electoral ward in Kent, England, lying on Romney Marsh. It is one of the larger settlements on the marsh, and the most southerly town in Kent. Lydd reached the height of its prosperity during the 13th century, when it was a corporate member of the Cinque Ports, a "limb" of Romney. Located on Denge Marsh, Lydd was one of the first sandy islands to form as the bay filled in and evolved into what is now called Romney Marsh.

The parish of Lydd comprises the town of Lydd, Dungeness, Lydd-on-Sea and parts of Greatstone-on-Sea.

Notable buildings in Lydd include the Gordon house longhall, a guildhall, and a medieval courthouse. Chamberlains and churchwardens' accounts of the 15th century survive alongside the town charters.

Lydd lies to the southwest of New Romney and east of Rye.

Dungeness
Dungeness (UK: /ˌdʌndʒəˈnɛs/ ⓘ, UK: /ˌdʌndʒˈnɛs/) is a headland on the coast of Kent, England, formed largely of a shingle beach in the form of a cuspate foreland. It shelters a large area of low-lying land, Romney Marsh. Dungeness spans Dungeness Nuclear Power Station, the hamlet of Dungeness, and an  ecological site at the same location. It lies within the civil parish of Lydd.
Slovak Socialist Republic
The Slovak Socialist Republic (Slovak: Slovenská socialistická republika, SSR) was a republic within the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic from 1969 to 1990, when the previously unitary Czechoslovak state changed into a federation. The name was used from 1 January 1969 until November 1989. The Slovak Republic (Slovak: Slovenská republika, SR) was, from 1990 to 1992, a republic within the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic, that is now the independent Slovakia.

Constitutional Act on the Czechoslovak Federation
The Constitutional Act on the Czechoslovak Federation (Czech: Ústavní zákon o československé federaci, Slovak: Ústavný zákon o česko-slovenskej federácii) was a constitutional law in Czechoslovakia adopted on 27 October 1968 and in force from 1 January 1969 to 1 January 1993 that affected the communist state constitution of the state. It converted the previously unitary Czechoslovak state into a federation.