hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Strangford Apollo
The Strangford Apollo is an ancient Greek sculpture of a nude boy, with the arms and lower legs missing. It dates to around 490 BC, making it one of the latest examples of the kouros type of statue, and is made of Parian marble. Its provenance is uncertain: it is generally believed to have been made on the island of Aegina and discovered on Anafi. It may originally have been a cult statue, or possibly a temple dedication.

The sculpture has been in British Museum's collection since 1864, when Charles Thomas Newton purchased it for the Museum from the collection of Percy Smythe, 8th Viscount Strangford, who had acquired it in the 1820s during the Greek War of Independence. It was used as a model for the face of the "Colossus of Leone", a colossal statue built as a prop for Sergio Leone's 1961 film The Colossus of Rhodes.

Kouros
Kouros (Ancient Greek: κοῦρος, pronounced [kûːros], plural kouroi) is the modern term given to free-standing Ancient Greek sculptures that depict nude male youths. They first appear in the Archaic period in Greece and are prominent in Attica and Boeotia, with a less frequent presence in many other Ancient Greek territories such as Sicily.
Such statues are found across the Greek-speaking world; the preponderance of these were found in sanctuaries of Apollo with more than one hundred from the sanctuary of Apollo Ptoion, Boeotia, alone.
These free-standing sculptures were typically marble, but the form is also rendered in limestone, wood, bronze, ivory and terracotta. They are typically life-sized, though early colossal examples are up to 10 feet/3 metres tall.

The female sculptural counterpart of the kouros is the kore.
JoAnn Falletta
JoAnn Falletta (born February 27, 1954, in Queens, New York) is an American conductor best known for her association with the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra, where she served as their music director since 1999. She was also closely associated with the Virginia Symphony and Long Beach Symphony orchestras.

Virginia Symphony Orchestra
The Virginia Symphony Orchestra (VSO) is an American orchestra administratively based in Norfolk. The VSO performs concerts in various venues in Virginia, including:

Chrysler Hall, Norfolk

The Sandler Center for the Performing Arts, Virginia Beach

Ferguson Center for the Arts, Newport News

Phi Beta Kappa Memorial Hall at the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg

Regent University in Virginia Beach

The VSO also works closely with Virginia Opera and the Virginia Arts Festival.
Troitsk, Moscow
Troitsk (Russian: Тро́ицк) is a town in Troitsky Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow, Russia, located on the Desna River 37 kilometers (23 mi) southwest from the center of Moscow on the Kaluzhskoye Highway. Population: 39,873 (2010 Census); 32,653 (2002 Census); 29,301 (1989 Soviet census).

Troitsky Administrative Okrug
55°29′29″N 37°18′33″E﻿ / ﻿55.49139°N 37.30917°E﻿ / 55.49139; 37.30917

Troitsky Administrative Okrug (Russian: Троицкий административный округ) is one of the twelve administrative okrugs of Moscow. The okrug was founded on July 1, 2012.
Gerald Holtom
Gerald   Herbert Holtom (20 January 1914 – 18 September 1985) was an English artist and designer. A graduate of the Royal College of Art in London, in 1958 he designed the Nuclear Disarmament (ND) logo, which was adopted the same year by the British Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), and later became an international peace symbol.

Peace symbols
A number of peace symbols have been used many ways in various cultures and contexts. The dove and olive branch was used symbolically by early Christians and then eventually became a secular peace symbol, popularized by a Dove lithograph by Pablo Picasso after World War II. In the 1950s, the "peace sign", as it is known today (also known as "peace and love"), was designed by Gerald Holtom as the logo for the British Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), a group at the forefront of the peace movement in the UK, and adopted by anti-war and counterculture activists in the US and elsewhere. The symbol is a superposition of the semaphore signals for the letters "N" and "D", taken to stand  for "nuclear disarmament", while simultaneously acting as a reference to Goya's The Third of May 1808  (1814) (aka "Peasant Before the Firing Squad").

The V hand signal and the peace flag also became international peace symbols.
Jatiluhur and Walahar Commuter Line
Jatiluhur and Walahar Commuter Line are the Indonesian commuter rail line operated by KAI Commuter, consisting of Jatiluhur and Walahar. Jatiluhur trains travel between Cikarang & Cikampek, while Walahar trains move between Cikarang & Purwakarta.

Purwakarta railway station
Purwakarta Station (PWK) (Sundanese: ᮞ᮪ᮒᮞᮤᮇᮔ᮪ ᮕᮥᮁᮝᮊᮁᮒ, romanized: Stasion Purwakarta) is a class I railway station located in Nagritengah, Purwakarta, Purwakarta Regency. The station, which is located at an altitude of +84 meters, is included in the Operational Area II Bandung. This station is located very close to the Purwakarta regent's office which can be reached on foot.
Harwich Mariners
The Harwich Mariners are a collegiate summer baseball team based in Harwich, Massachusetts. The team is a member of the Cape Cod Baseball League (CCBL) and plays in the league's East Division. The Mariners play their home games at Whitehouse Field in the historic village of Harwich Center.

Harwich has won three CCBL championships in the 21st century, most recently in 2024 by defeating the Bourne Braves two games to one to win the best of three championship series. The title was the team's fifth in the CCBL's modern era and sixth overall. Since the club's inception, over 100 players have gone on to play in Major League Baseball.

Hyannis Harbor Hawks
The Hyannis Harbor Hawks, formerly the Hyannis Mets, are a collegiate summer baseball team based in Hyannis, Massachusetts. The team is a member of the Cape Cod Baseball League (CCBL) and plays in the league's West Division. The Harbor Hawks play their home games at Judy Walden Scarafile Field at McKeon Park. The team is owned and operated by the non-profit Hyannis Athletic Association.

Hyannis most recently won the CCBL championship in 1991 when they defeated the Chatham A's two games to none to win the best of three championship series. The title was the third in team history, having won back-to-back league championships in 1978 and 1979. Since the club's inception, over 100 players have gone on to play in Major League Baseball.
Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective
Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective, also known as the Expert Report, was an expert report published by the World Cancer Research Fund global network in 2007.
It reviewed all the evidence about the links between cancer and diet, physical activity and body fat and contains 10 recommendations for reducing cancer risk. Dietary and lifestyle patterns and cancer prevention: evidence and recommendations from CUP Global is the April 2025 publication of the series.

World Cancer Research Fund
World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF UK)  is a cancer prevention charity in the United Kingdom that is part of the World Cancer Research Fund International network.

The World Cancer Research Fund funds scientific research into how diet, physical activity and weight affect cancer risk and also funds health information programmes to raise awareness so people can reduce their cancer risk by eating a healthy diet, being physically active and maintaining a healthy weight.
Handle decomposition
In mathematics, a handle decomposition of an m-manifold M is a union

where each  is obtained from  by the attaching of -handles.   A handle decomposition is to a manifold what a CW-decomposition is to a topological space—in many regards the purpose of a handle decomposition is to have a language analogous to CW-complexes, but adapted to the world of smooth manifolds.  Thus an i-handle is the smooth analogue of an i-cell.  Handle decompositions of manifolds arise naturally via Morse theory. The modification of handle structures is closely linked to Cerf theory.

Morse theory
In mathematics, specifically in differential topology, Morse theory enables one to analyze the topology of a manifold by studying differentiable functions on that manifold. According to the basic insights of Marston Morse, a typical differentiable function on a manifold will reflect the topology quite directly. Morse theory allows one to find CW structures and handle decompositions on manifolds and to obtain substantial information about their homology.

Before Morse, Arthur Cayley and James Clerk Maxwell had developed some of the ideas of Morse theory in the context of topography. Morse originally applied his theory to geodesics (critical points of the energy functional on the space of paths). These techniques were used in Raoul Bott's proof of his periodicity theorem.

The analogue of Morse theory for complex manifolds is Picard–Lefschetz theory.
Mihailo I of Duklja
Mihailo Vojislavljević (Serbian Cyrillic: Михаило Војислављевић) was a medieval Serbian king and the ruler of Dioclea (Duklja), from 1046 to 1081, initially as a Byzantine vassal holding the title of protospatharios, then after 1077 as nominally serving Pope Gregory VII, styled as "King of the Slavs". He had alienated himself from the Byzantines when he supported the Bulgarian Uprising of Georgi Voyteh, after which he then sought to gain support in the West. In 1077 he received royal insignia by Gregory VII in the aftermath of the Church schism of 1054.

Protospatharios
Prōtospatharios (Greek: πρωτοσπαθάριος) was one of the highest court dignities of the middle Byzantine period (8th to 12th centuries), awarded to senior generals and provincial governors, as well as to foreign princes.
Tracy Austin
Tracy Ann Austin Holt (born December 12, 1962) is an American former professional tennis player. She was ranked the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 21 weeks. Austin won 30 WTA Tour-level singles titles, including two major titles at the 1979 and 1981 US Opens, and five doubles titles, including the mixed doubles title at the 1980 Wimbledon Championships, partnering her brother John. She won the 1980 WTA Tour Championships and the year-ending 1981 Toyota Championships, both in singles.

Austin remains the youngest US Open women's singles champion (aged 16) and the youngest inductee into the International Tennis Hall of Fame (aged 29). A series of injuries and a serious automobile accident in 1989 cut short her professional career.

1979 US Open – Women's singles
Tracy Austin defeated four-time defending champion Chris Evert in the final, 6–4, 6–3 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1979 US Open. It was her first major singles title. Austin became the youngest major champion in the Open Era, aged 16 years and 9 months (a record later surpassed by Monica Seles at the 1990 French Open, and one that still stands at the US Open). She was also the youngest woman to defeat the world No. 1 and No. 2 at one tournament since the WTA rankings were established in 1975, a record that still stands.

In Evert’s fourth-round match against Sherry Acker, Evert lost the first set. This marked her first set lost at the US Open since the opening set of the 1975 US Open final against Evonne Goolagong-Cawley, a span of 46 consecutive sets won.
Vicky Funari
Vicky Funari (born April 13, 1963) is a documentary filmmaker. She attended film school at New York University's undergraduate program. She currently teaches at Haverford College as Artist-in-Residence. She directed Maquilapolis (2006) alongside Sergio De La Torre in collaboration with the women of Grupo Factor X, Colectivo Chilpancingo, and Promotoras por los Derechos de las Mujeres.

Maquilapolis
Maquilapolis  (from Spanish: Maquiladora, referring to the manufacturing operations in a free trade zone, and Greek: πόλις, meaning city) is a 2006 documentary film by Vicky Funari and Sergio De La Torre. It filmed in Tijuana, Baja California and focuses on the factories on the U.S.-Mexican border. The film was made in collaboration with its subjects. Funari and De La Torre established workshops for the woman to learn how to use video equipment to tell their own stories.
Edenton Steamers
The Edenton Steamers are a collegiate summer baseball team located in Edenton, North Carolina.  Beginning in 2020 they will participate in the Tidewater Summer League. 2019 was the Steamers 22nd year as a member of the Coastal Plain League where they won 11 North Division titles and 7 East Division titles, three Petitt Cup Championships, and had a league-record 14-year streak (2004–2017) of posting a winning record, having made a playoff appearance in 13 of those seasons.  Edenton also established a CPL standard by winning seven consecutive division-half titles from 2011 through the first half of 2014.  In 2015 the Steamers capped the summer with its third Petitt Cup Championship, tied for the league record in that tally, and was named the Summer Collegiate Team of the Year by Perfect Game CrossChecker.

Steamers players are recruited from colleges around the United States.  The team's nickname and logo reflects steamed clams.

Coastal Plain League
The Coastal Plain League (CPL) is a wood-bat collegiate summer baseball league, featuring college players recruited from throughout the United States. The league takes its name from the Class D level Coastal Plain League which operated in the area from 1937 to 1952.
1680 Per Brahe
1680 Per Brahe, provisional designation 1942 CH, is a bright background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers (9 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 12 February 1942, by Finnish astronomer Liisi Oterma at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland. The stony S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 3.4 hours. It is named after Swedish count and governor Per Brahe the Younger.

Per Brahe the Younger
Count Per Brahe the Younger (18 February 1602 – 12 September 1680) was a Swedish soldier, statesman, and writer. He served as Privy Councillor from 1630, Lord High Steward from 1640, as well as Governor-General of Finland in 1637–1640 and 1648–1654.

Brahe fought in Prussia during the Polish War (1626–1629) and in Germany in 1630. However, his military activity later yielded to his political activity, and he held posts of Privy Councillor and Lord High Steward of Sweden. During the minority of Queen Christina (1632–1644) and after the death of King Charles X in 1660, he was one of the regents of Sweden.

During his time as Governor-General of Finland, he made large administrative reforms, introduced a postal system, improved and developed commerce and agriculture, and promoted education. He was the founder of the Royal Academy of Turku and the town of Raahe (Swedish: Brahestad), along with ten other new towns in Finland.
Sakuma Morishige
Sakuma Morishige (佐久間 盛重, died June 11, 1560) was a Japanese samurai from Sakuma clan who served Oda Nobunaga. He is believed to be the first "general' killed by gunfire in Japan.

In 1556, Morishige fought at the Battle of Ino, Before the battle, where Nobunaga clashed with his brother, Nobunaga erected Fort Nazuka in Nishi-ku, Nazuka, Nagoya City, placing Sakuma Morishige in charge. During this conflict, Sakuma notably claimed the head of Hashimoto Juzo, a general under Oda Nobuyuki, earning him significant rewards

In 1560, during the invasion of Owari Province by Imagawa Yoshimoto, leading up to the Battle of Okehazama, Morishige was appointed to defend the Marune fortress on the border of the province.

The fortress came under attack by Tokugawa Ieyasu (who was at that time named Matsudaira Motoyasu). During the Siege of Marune, Ieyasu made effective use of concentrated arquebus fire. Morishige was killed by a bullet, and the fortress fell to Imagawa forces.

Siege of Marune
The siege of Marune (丸根砦の戦い) was a battle during the Sengoku period (16th century) of Japan.
Marune was a frontier fortress in the possession of Oda Nobunaga.

Matsudaira Motoyasu (who would later come to be known as Tokugawa Ieyasu) was at the time a forced retainer of the Imagawa, captured the fortress as part of the Imagawa advance that led to the fateful Battle of Okehazama in 1560. Throughout Motoyasu's siege of the castle, he and his men were not present at the Battle of Okehazama where Imagawa Yoshimoto was killed in Nobunaga's surprise assault.

In this siege, Motoyasu made good use of concentrated arquebus fire. Later during the siege, Sakuma Morishige the commander of the fortress, was killed by a bullet.
Lorenzo Bernardi
Lorenzo Bernardi (born 11 August 1968) is an Italian professional volleyball coach and former player, a silver medallist at the Olympic Games Atlanta 1996, two–time World Champion (1990, 1994), and a two–time European Champion (1989, 1995).

Bernardi was elected the best player of the 1994 World Championship and 1995 European Championship, and in 2001, the FIVB declared him to be the "Volleyball Player of the Century" with Karch Kiraly.

Men's European Volleyball Championship
The Men's European Volleyball Championship (EuroVolley) is the official competition for senior men's national volleyball teams of Europe, organized by the European Volleyball Confederation (CEV). The initial gap between championships was variable, but since 1975 they have been awarded every two years. The current champion is Poland, which won its second title at the 2023 tournament.
Muharram Rebellion
The Muharram Rebellion (Bengali: মহররম বিদ্রোহ) was a Bengali uprising which took place in early December 1782 against the East India Company in colonial Sylhet, eastern Bengal (now Bangladesh). The rebellion was under the leadership of the Pirzada and his two brothers, Syed Muhammad Hadi and Syed Muhammad Mahdi. The main battle took place in the Mughal-built Sylhet Shahi Eidgah and its surrounding hills.

Sylhet Shahi Eidgah
The Sylhet Shahi Eidgah (Bengali: সিলেট শাহী ঈদগাহ), or simply Shahi Eidgah, is an open prayer hall situated in Sylhet, north-east Bangladesh, three kilometers to the north-east of the guru nanak international circuit house, meant for the Eid prayers. It is also one of the most visited tourist spots in the city. As well as for prayer uses and Islamic congregations, the eidgah has historically been a place to give speeches and host rallies by the likes of Mohandas Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. There have also been battles taken place there such as the Muharram Rebellion.
Veiled Christ
Veiled Christ (Italian: Cristo velato) is a carved marble tomb effigy completed in 1753 by the Neapolitan artist Giuseppe Sanmartino. It is formed from a single block of white marble and was commissioned by Raimondo di Sangro, a prince of Sansevero, as the centrepiece of the Cappella Sansevero, in Naples, Italy.

It is regarded as Sanmartino’s masterpiece, largely due to the rendering of the transparent veil, and thus considered one of the world's most remarkable sculptures. Due to its life-like representation of the body of Jesus and the illusionary and trompe-l'œil veil, the sculpture was thought by many to have been created via alchemy.

The 18th-century sculptor Antonio Canova tried to acquire the work, stating that he would willingly give ten years of his life to have produced something of similar quality.

Raimondo di Sangro
Raimondo di Sangro, Prince of Sansevero (30 January 1710 – 22 March 1771) was an Italian nobleman, inventor, soldier, writer, scientist, alchemist and freemason best remembered for his reconstruction of the Sansevero Chapel in Naples.
Monophysitism
Monophysitism (/məˈnɒfɪsaɪtɪzəm/ mə-NOF-ih-seye-tih-zəm) or monophysism (/məˈnɒfɪzɪzəm/ mə-NOF-ih-zih-zəm; from Greek μόνος monos, "solitary" and φύσις physis, "nature") is a Christological doctrine that states that there was only one nature—the divine—in the person of Jesus Christ, who was the incarnated Word. It is rejected as heretical by the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Anglicanism, Lutheranism, Reformed Christianity (Calvinist), and all mainstream Protestant denominations, which hold to the dyophysitism of the 451 Council of Chalcedon—as well by Oriental Orthodoxy, which holds to miaphysitism.

Henotikon
The Henotikon (/həˈnɒtɪkən, həˈnɒtɪkɒn/; Ancient Greek: ἑνωτικόν henōtikón "act of union") was a Christological document issued by Byzantine emperor Zeno in 482, in an unsuccessful attempt to reconcile the differences between the supporters of the Council of Chalcedon and the council's opponents (Non-Chalcedonian Christians). It was followed by the Acacian schism.
Ruhlandiella
Ruhlandiella is a genus of fungi within the family Pezizaceae. Ruhlandiella species are exothecial hypogeous fungi, which are essentially truffles that lack the outer layer or peridium. Ruhlandiella species are widely distributed in Nothofagaceae forests in South America and near Eucalyptus or Melaleuca plants in Australia, North America, and Europe.

Pezizaceae
The Pezizaceae (commonly referred to as cup fungi)  are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota which produce mushrooms that tend to grow in the shape of a "cup".  Spores are formed on the inner surface of the fruit body (ascoma). The cup shape typically serves to focus raindrops into splashing spores out of the cup.  Additionally, the curvature enables wind currents to blow the spores out in a different manner than in most agarics and boletes.

Cup fungi grow in peculiar shapes, frequently resembling cups or saucers. For example, the orange peel fungus (Aleuria aurantia) resembles a discarded orange rind. According to one 2008 estimate, the family contains 31 genera and 230 species.
The Dunwich Horror
"The Dunwich Horror" is a cosmic horror short story by American writer H. P. Lovecraft. Written in 1928, it was first published in the April 1929 issue of Weird Tales (pp. 481–508). It takes place in Dunwich, a fictional town in Massachusetts. It is considered one of the core stories of the Cthulhu Mythos.

Lovecraft Country
Lovecraft Country is a term coined for the New England setting used by H. P. Lovecraft in many of his weird fiction stories, which combines real and fictional locations. This setting has been elaborated on by other writers working in the Cthulhu Mythos. The phrase was not in use during Lovecraft's own lifetime; it was coined by Keith Herber for the Lovecraftian role-playing game Call of Cthulhu.

The phrase is one of several attempts to label the setting of Lovecraft's works. Alternative phrases include Arkham County, Miskatonic County, and the Miskatonic region.
John Bell (physician)
Sir John Irving Bell (born 1 July 1952) is a Canadian-British immunologist and geneticist. From 2006 to 2011, he was President of the United Kingdom's Academy of Medical Sciences. Between 2002 and 2024, he held the Regius Chair of Medicine at the University of Oxford. From 2006, he was Chairman of the Office for Strategic Coordination of Health Research (OSCHR), but became a normal member of the OSCHR in 2020. Bell was selected to the Vaccine Taskforce sometime before 1 July 2020. Bell is also on the board of directors of the SOE quango Genomics England.

Regius Professor of Medicine (Oxford)
The Regius Professor of Medicine is an appointment held at the University of Oxford. The chair was founded by Henry VIII of England by 1546, and until the 20th century the title was Regius Professor of Physic. Henry VIII established five Regius Professorships in the University, the others being the Regius chairs of Divinity, Civil Law, Hebrew and Greek. The Regius Professor of Clinical Medicine is always a member of Christ Church.