hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Speusippus
Speusippus (/spjuːˈsɪpəs/; Ancient Greek: Σπεύσιππος; c. 408 – 339/8 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher. Speusippus was Plato's nephew by his sister Potone.  After Plato's death, c. 348 BC, Speusippus inherited the Academy, near age 60, and remained its head for the next eight years. However, following a stroke, he passed the chair to Xenocrates. Although the successor to Plato in the Academy, Speusippus frequently diverged from Plato's teachings. He rejected Plato's Theory of Forms, and whereas Plato had identified the Good with the ultimate principle, Speusippus maintained that the Good was merely secondary. He also argued that it is impossible to have satisfactory knowledge of any thing without knowing all the differences by which it is separated from everything else.

The standard edition of the surviving fragments and testimonies is Leonardo Tarán's Speusippus of Athens: A Critical Study with a Collection of the Related Texts and Commentary (1982).

Platonic Academy
37°59′33″N 23°42′29″E﻿ / ﻿37.99250°N 23.70806°E﻿ / 37.99250; 23.70806

The Academy (Ancient Greek: Ἀκαδημία, romanized: Akadēmia) was founded by Plato in ca. 387 BC in Athens. Aristotle studied there for twenty years (367 BC – 347 BC) before founding his own school, the Lyceum. The Academy persisted throughout the Hellenistic period as a skeptical school, until coming to an end after the death of Philo of Larissa in 83 BC. Although philosophers continued to teach Plato's philosophy in Athens during the Roman era, it was not until AD 410 that a revived Academy was re-established as a center for Neoplatonism, persisting until 529 AD when it was closed down by Justinian I.

The academy is regarded as the first institution of higher education in the west, where subjects as diverse as biology, geography, astronomy, mathematics, history, and many more were taught and investigated. It has been regarded as perhaps the earliest structured academy for political science in antiquity.
Saansein
Saansein (transl. Breaths) is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language romantic horror film directed by Rajiv S Ruia and produced by Goutam Kumar Jain. It stars Rajneesh Duggal, Sonarika Bhadoria, Hiten Tejwani, and Neetha Shetty. The film was released on 25 November 2016.

Sonarika Bhadoria
Sonarika Bhadoria (born 3 December 1992) is an Indian actress who primarily works in Hindi television and Telugu films. Bhadoria is best known for her portrayal of Goddess Parvati in Devon Ke Dev...Mahadev. She is also known for her role in the shows Prithvi Vallabh – Itihaas Bhi Rahasya Bhi and Dastaan-E-Mohabbat Salim Anarkali, and the films Speedunnodu and Eedo Rakam Aado Rakam.
João da Nova
João da Nova (Galician: Xoán de Novoa, Joam de Nôvoa; Spanish: Juan de Nova; Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈɐ̃w dɐ ˈnɔvɐ]; c. 1460 in Maceda, Ourense, Galicia, Spain – July 16, 1509, in Kochi, India) was a Galician-born explorer in the service of Portugal. He is credited as the discoverer of Ascension and Saint Helena islands.

The Juan de Nova Island, in the Mozambique Channel, is named after him. The Farquhar atoll (in the Seychelles) was, for a long time, known as the João da Nova islands. It is sometimes thought that the Agaléga islands (in the Indian Ocean) were also named after him (although it is almost certain he never visited them).

Juan de Nova Island
Juan de Nova Island (French: Île Juan de Nova, pronounced [il ʒɥɑ̃ də nɔva]), Malagasy: Nosy Kely) is a French-controlled tropical island in the narrowest part of the Mozambique Channel, about one-third of the way between Madagascar and Mozambique. It is a low, flat island, 4.8 square kilometres (1.9 sq mi) in size.

Administratively, the island is one of the Scattered islands in the Indian Ocean, a district of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.  However, its sovereignty is disputed by Madagascar.

Anchorage is possible off the northeast of the island which also has a 1,300-metre (4,300 ft) airstrip. The island is garrisoned by French troops from Réunion and has a weather station.
Omega Point
The Omega Point is a theorized future event in which the entirety of the universe spirals toward a final point of unification. The term was invented by the French Jesuit Catholic priest Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (1881–1955). Teilhard argued that the Omega Point resembles the Christian Logos, namely Christ, who draws all things into himself, who in the words of the Nicene Creed, is "God from God", "Light from Light", "True God from True God", and "through him all things were made". In the Book of Revelation, Christ describes himself three times as "the Alpha and the Omega, the beginning and the end". Several decades after Teilhard's death, the idea of the Omega Point was expanded upon in the writings of John David Garcia (1971), Paolo Soleri (1981), Frank Tipler (1994), and David Deutsch (1997).

Frank J. Tipler
Frank Jennings Tipler (born February 1, 1947) is an American mathematical physicist and cosmologist, holding a joint appointment in the Departments of Mathematics and Physics at Tulane University. Tipler has written books and papers on the Omega Point based on Pierre Teilhard de Chardin's religious ideas, which he claims is a mechanism for the resurrection of the dead. He is also known for his theories on the Tipler cylinder time machine. His work has attracted criticism from many, for example cosmologist George Ellis, who has argued that his theories are largely pseudoscience.
New York State Route 403
New York State Route 403 (NY 403) is a 2.27-mile-long (3.65 km) state highway located entirely within Putnam County. It connects NY 9D in Philipstown at its northern end to US 9 in the hamlet of Graymoor, where the Appalachian Trail crosses both highways. At that intersection, NY 403 is signed as a route to the Bear Mountain Bridge. Half of its length is uphill going south.

Putnam County, New York
Putnam County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,668. The county seat is Carmel, within one of the county's six towns. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Putnam County is bordered by Dutchess County to the north, Connecticut and its county of Fairfield to the east,  Westchester County to the south, and the Hudson River and Orange County to the west. Midtown Manhattan is around a one-hour drive, and the county is included in the New York metropolitan area.

Putnam County was formed in 1812 from Dutchess County and is named for Israel Putnam, a hero in the French and Indian War and a general in the American Revolutionary War.

It is one of the most affluent counties in America, ranked 21st by median household income, and 43rd by per-capita income, according to the 2012 American Community Survey and 2009–2013 American Community Survey, respectively.
Isabel Magkoeva
Isabel Magkoeva (Russian: Изабель Казбековна Магкоева, born 20 January 1991) is a Russian political activist. She is an alumna of Russian State University for the Humanities in 2010, a specialist in oriental studies and Japanese literature, and a prominent member of the Russian Socialist Movement.

Russian Socialist Movement
Russian Socialist Movement (RSD; Russian: Российское социалистическое движение, romanized: Rossiyskoye sotsialisticheskoye dvizheniye) was a left-wing to far left political organisation in Russia. It was created in 2011 by the merging of various left-wing, socialist, anti-capitalist and communist organisations. It is strongly critical of President Vladimir Putin.

On 5 April 2024, the RSD was recognized as a foreign agent by the Ministry of Justice, and in connection with this, on 8 May 2024, it announced the termination of its activities and self-dissolution.
Robot Entertainment
Robot Entertainment is an American video game developer and publisher based in Plano, Texas. Its founders previously founded Ensemble Studios, which was shut down by Microsoft. Other members of the company founded another studio, Bonfire Studios (later renamed as Zynga Dallas upon acquisition by Zynga). Robot Entertainment took over Ensemble's responsibility of maintaining and updating Halo Wars until February 28, 2010, when Microsoft Studios assumed control of the game servers and updates. Also, in January 2011, Microsoft Studios took over updates and servers for Age of Empires III. Robot Entertainment have since released games including Orcs Must Die!, Orcs Must Die! 2, Hero Academy, Echo Prime, Orcs Must Die! Unchained, Hero Academy 2 and ReadySet Heroes.

Hero Academy
Hero Academy was a two-player turn-based tactics video game created by the developer Robot Entertainment, known for their previous series Orcs Must Die!. The game was first released for the iPhone iOS platform on January 11, 2012, with ports later being released for the Microsoft Windows, OS X and Android platforms. In the game, players could take turns moving units on a board and attack enemy units with the objective of being the first to destroy the other player's crystal or eliminate all of the other player's units. The game received generally favorable reviews from critics. The game also featured cross platform play across all installed platforms. A sequel to the game was launched in January 2018. Hero Academy and its sequel ceased operations on April 8, 2019 as one had been long defunct and its sequel had been operating at a financial loss for several months.
Life with Lucy
Life with Lucy is an American sitcom starring Lucille Ball. Created by Bob Carroll Jr. and Madelyn Davis, the series aired for one season on ABC from September 20 to November 15, 1986. It is the only Lucille Ball sitcom to not air on CBS.

Developed amidst an industry-wide interest in comeback vehicles, ABC and producer Aaron Spelling coaxed Ball out of retirement for a new series. Unlike Ball's previous sitcoms, Life with Lucy was a failure in the ratings and poorly received by critics and viewers alike. Only eight out of the 13 episodes produced were aired before ABC cancelled the series. Its cancellation devastated her. This was the last television series or film she starred in before her death in 1989.

The Lucy Show
The Lucy Show is an American sitcom that aired on CBS from 1962 to 1968. It was Lucille Ball's follow-up to I Love Lucy. A significant change in cast and premise for the fourth season (1965–1966) divides the program into two distinct eras; aside from Ball, only Gale Gordon, who joined the program for its second season, remained. For the first three seasons, Vivian Vance was the co-star.

The earliest scripts were titled The Lucille Ball Show; but, when that title was rejected by CBS, producers thought of calling the show This Is Lucy or The New Adventures of Lucy, before deciding on the title The Lucy Show. Ball won consecutive Emmy Awards as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series for the series' final two seasons, 1966–67 and 1967–68.
Lilan Chanesar
Lilan Chanesar (or Laila, Leela; Sindhi: ليلا چنيسر‎) is a traditional story which dates back to the time of Jam Chanesar, one of the Soomra rulers in the 14th century Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan. It has often been retold in Sindhi and Persian.

Chanesar's wife, spoiled and pleasure-loving Lilan, is enticed by another woman's necklace worth 900,000 rupees to allow the former owner of the necklace to spend one night with her husband. Furious that he had been 'sold', Chanesar divorces Lilan, who has to undergo a long process of purification to once more be acceptable in her husband's eyes.

The story also appears in Shah Jo Risalo and forms part of seven popular tragic romances from Sindh, Pakistan, commonly known as "the Seven Queens of Sindh", or "the Seven heroines of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai". The other six tales are Umar Marvi, Sassui Punnhun, Sohni Mehar, Noori Jam Tamachi, Sorath Rai Diyach and Momal Rano.

Shah Jo Risalo
Shah Jo Risalo (Sindhi: شاھ جو رسالو) is a book of poems of the Sindhi Sufi mystic and poet Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai. Shah Abdul Latif's poetry was transmitted orally during his lifetime and compiled after his death and designated as Shah Jo Risalo or Poetry of Shah.

Ernest Trumpp called it Diwan when he edited the Risalo and published it from Leipzig, Germany in 1866.

Shah Abdul Latif was influenced by Rumi's Mathnawi.
Oxiris Barbot
Oxiris Barbot (/ɔːkˈsiːriːs/, born 1965 or 1966) is an American pediatrician who served as the Commissioner of Health of the City of New York from 2018 to 2020. She was then appointed to public health positions with Columbia University and the JPB Foundation, and in 2022 became president and chief executive officer of the nonprofit United Hospital Fund.

Mary T. Bassett
Mary Travis Bassett is an American physician and public health researcher. Bassett was the 17th Health Commissioner of the New York State Department of Health, serving from September 2021 to December 2022. From 2014 to 2018, she was the commissioner of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.

Bassett is the former Director of the FXB Center for Health and Human Rights at Harvard University and the FXB Professor of the Practice of Health and Human Rights at the Harvard School of Public Health. She is also an associate professor of clinical epidemiology at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health.
Siti Norma Yaakob
Siti Norma binti Yaakob (born 6 July 1940) is a retired Malaysian lawyer and judge, noted for being the first woman to become Chief Judge of Malaya. After completing her legal studies in London, England and being called to the bar in 1962, Siti Norma returned to Malaysia and worked her way up through the judicial system. She was the first Malaysian woman barrister of Malay heritage and the first woman to take up an executive position in the government's legal service, and she achieved many more "firsts" as she advanced in her career, finally becoming Chief Judge in 2005.

Siti Norma was the first Malaysian to be elected president of the Commonwealth Magistrates and Judges Association (2006–2009). She is a Companion of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia and a Commander of the Order of the Defender of the Realm.

Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia
The Most Esteemed Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (Malay: Darjah Yang Mulia Setia Mahkota Malaysia) is a Malaysian federal award presented for meritorious service to the country and awarded by the sovereign.

The order was instituted on 15 April 1966 and gazetted on 30 June 1966. The order has three ranks.
Iitagawa, Akita
Iitagawa (飯田川町, Iitagawa-machi) was a town in Minamiakita District, Akita Prefecture, Japan.

In 2003, the town had an estimated population of 4,929 and a density of 311.96 inhabitants per square kilometre (808.0/sq mi). The total area was 15.80 km2 (6.10 sq mi).

On March 22, 2005, Iitagawa, Shōwa, and Tennō (all from Minamiakita District) merged to create the city of Katagami.

Minamiakita District, Akita
Green: current

Yellow: former extent in early Meiji period

Gojōme

Ikawa

Hachirōgata

Ōgata

Minamiakita District (南秋田郡, Minamiakita-gun) is a rural district located in Akita Prefecture, Japan.

As of April 2022, the district has an estimated population of 21,449 and an area of 449.94 km2. All of the cities of Oga and Katagami and part of the city of Akita were formerly part of Minamiakita District.
Charles Thomson (artist)
Charles Thomson (born 6 February 1953) is an English artist, poet and photographer. In the early 1980s he was a member of The Medway Poets. In 1999 he named and co-founded the Stuckists art movement with Billy Childish. He has curated Stuckist shows, organised demonstrations against the Turner Prize, run an art gallery, stood for parliament and reported Charles Saatchi to the OFT. He is frequently quoted in the media as an opponent of conceptual art. He was briefly married to artist Stella Vine.

The Medway Poets
The Medway Poets were founded in Medway, Kent, in 1979. They were an English punk based poetry performance group and later formed the core of the first Stuckists Art Group. The members were Miriam Carney, Billy Childish, Robert Earl, Bill Lewis, Sexton Ming, Charles Thomson and Alan Denman. Others associated with the group include Philip Absolon, Sanchia Lewis and Tracey Emin. Most members also practised other art forms including music and painting.
Kristen Michal
Kristen Michal (Estonian: [ˈkristen ˈmihːɑl]; born 12 July 1975) is the prime minister of Estonia, having taken office on 23 July 2024. He previously served as minister of justice from 2011 to 2012, minister of economic affairs and infrastructure from 2015 to 2016, and minister of climate from 2023 to 2024.

Ministry of Justice and Digital Affairs (Estonia)
The Estonian Ministry of Justice and Digital Affairs (Estonian: Justiits- ja Digiministeerium) is the Ministry of Justice of Estonia, dealing also with digital affairs and its development.
The Minister of Justice (Estonian: justiits- ja digiminister) is the senior minister at the Ministry of Justice and Digital Affairs in the Estonian Government. The Ministry is responsible for providing support to the court system and providing legal focus in proposing new laws.
The Hopes of Blind Alley
The Hopes of Blind Alley is a 1914 American silent drama film directed (and co-written) by Allan Dwan and featuring Murdock MacQuarrie, Pauline Bush and Lon Chaney. A still exists showing Lon Chaney as the Italian statuette vendor.  The film is now considered to be lost.

Murdock MacQuarrie
Murdock MacQuarrie (August 25, 1878 – August 20, 1942) was an American silent film actor and director. His name was also seen as Murdock McQuarrie.

MacQuarrie was born in San Francisco, California, and attended school there. He was the brother of actors Albert MacQuarrie, Frank MacQuarrie, and George MacQuarrie.

After acting on stage, MacQuarrie began acting in films in 1902 with Biograph. Around 1912-1913, he was acting for the Kinemacolor Company of America. His film work included The Count of Monte Cristo (1913), before becoming a director at Universal. He is perhaps best-remembered by modern audiences as J. Widdecombe Billows, the eccentric inventor of the eating machine, in Charlie Chaplin's Modern Times (1936).

In the 1910s, MacQuarrie directed at Universal, and in the early 1920s he returned to acting.

He diversified his activities in 1919, joining his wife in her real-estate business in Hollywood.

On August 20, 1942, MacQuarrie died in Los Angeles, California, aged 63.
Old Book
Old Book is the name given to a purported ghost or spirit that haunts a cemetery and tree on the grounds of the Peoria State Hospital in Bartonville, Illinois. While rumors of ghosts and ghost stories are highly speculative, the Old Book tale has been documented many times. Among those documenting the tale is the first director of the state insane asylum, George Zeller.

Peoria State Hospital
Peoria State Hospital Historic District, also known as Bartonville State Hospital or Illinois Asylum for the Incurable Insane, was a psychiatric hospital operated by the State of Illinois from 1902 to 1973. The hospital is located in Bartonville, Illinois, near the city of Peoria in Peoria County. The hospital grounds and its 63 buildings are listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.
Monchora
Monchora (Bengali: মনচোরা, English: The Heart Stealer) is a 2016 Bengali thriller film directed by Sandip Ray, based on the story of same name by Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay starring Abir Chatterjee, Saswata Chatterjee, Raima Sen, Paran Bandopadhyay. For director Sandip Ray who mainly does Feluda films written by Satyajit Ray, this was a non-Feluda full-length fiction after a long time. Last were Nishijapon (2005) and Hitlist (2009) . The film released on 1 January 2016.

Paran Banerjee
Paran Banerjee (also  spelled as Paran Bandyopadhyay) is an Indian Bengali film, television and stage actor based in Kolkata. He has worked with Bengali film director Sandip Ray, the son of filmmaker and author Satyajit Ray.
Jurnee Smollett
Jurnee Diana Smollett (born October 1, 1986) is an American actress. She began her career as a child actress appearing on television sitcoms, including On Our Own (1994–1995) and Full House (1992–1994). She gained greater recognition with her role in Kasi Lemmons's independent film Eve's Bayou (1997), which earned her a Critics' Choice Movie Award.

As an adult, Smollett starred in the films The Great Debaters (2007), Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor (2013), and Birds of Prey (2020). Her television roles include the NBC sports drama Friday Night Lights (2009–2011), the WGN America period drama Underground (2016–2017), and the HBO fantasy horrors  True Blood (2013–2014) and Lovecraft Country (2020), receiving a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for the latter.

The Great Debaters
The Great Debaters is a 2007 American historical drama film directed by Denzel Washington from a screenplay by Robert Eisele and based on a 1997 article for American Legacy by Tony Scherman. The film follows the trials and tribulations of the Wiley College debate team in 1935 Texas. It stars Washington, Forest Whitaker, Denzel Whitaker, Kimberly Elise, Nate Parker, Gina Ravera, Jermaine Williams, and Jurnee Smollett.

The Great Debaters was released in theaters on December 25, 2007 to positive critical reception.
The Robins
The Robins were a successful and influential American R&B group of the late 1940s and 1950s, one of the earliest such vocal groups who established the basic pattern for the doo-wop sound. They were founded by Ty Terrell, and twin brothers Billy Richards and Roy Richards. Bobby Nunn soon joined the lineup. They began their career as the Bluebirds but switched to recording as the Robins in May 1949. In 1955, the group disagreed over whether to remain on the West Coast or sign with Atlantic Records and move to the East Coast. This led to a split within the group. Music producers and songwriters Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller took former Robins members Nunn and Carl Gardner, recruited singers Leon Hughes and Billy Guy, and formed the Coasters. The founding Richards brothers and Tyrell continued to record as the Robins until 1961.

Carl Gardner
Carl Edward Gardner (April 29, 1928 – June 12, 2011) was an American singer, best known as the foremost member and founder of The Coasters. Known for the 1958 song "Yakety Yak", which spent a week as number one on the Hot 100 pop list, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987.
Luc Delahaye
Luc Delahaye (born 1962) is a French photographer known for his large-scale color works depicting conflicts, world events or social issues. His pictures are characterized by detachment, directness and rich details, a documentary approach which is however countered by dramatic intensity and a narrative structure.

Delahaye has been awarded the Robert Capa Gold Medal twice, the Oskar Barnack Award, an Infinity Award from the International Center of Photography, the Deutsche Börse Photography Prize and the Prix Pictet.

Deutsche Börse Photography Foundation Prize
The Deutsche Börse Photography Foundation Prize is awarded annually by the Deutsche Börse Photography Foundation and the Photographers' Gallery to a photographer who has made the most significant contribution to the photographic medium in Europe during the past year.

The prize was set up in 1996 by the Photographers' Gallery, London. From 1997 to 2004 it was called the Citigroup Photography Prize or Citibank Private Bank Photography Prize. Deutsche Börse has sponsored the competition since 2005, with a £30,000 prize. At that point it became the Deutsche Börse Photography Prize. It was renamed the Deutsche Börse Photography Foundation Prize in 2016 to reflect its new position within the a specifically established non-profit organisation.

It has been described as "the biggest of its kind in photography in Europe" and "the most prestigious".