hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Willem Korthals
Robert Willem "Robin" Korthals (7 June 1933 – 28 October 2023) was a Canadian banker who served as president of the Toronto-Dominion Bank from 1981 to 1995.

Korthals joined Toronto-Dominion in 1967 and rose quickly through the ranks, becoming a vice-president in 1972 and an executive vice-president in 1978. In 1981, Korthals succeeded J. Allan Boyle to become the bank's fifth president. He remained in the post for 14 years and retired at the end of January 1995.

J. Allan Boyle
John Allan "Ben" Boyle AFC OC (10 May 1916 – 5 December 2008) was a Canadian banker who served as president of the Toronto-Dominion Bank from 1978 to 1981. Boyle joined the Dominion Bank in 1934 in his hometown of Orillia as a junior clerk. After serving in the Royal Canadian Air Force in World War II, Boyle rejoined the Dominion Bank and in 1948 was sent to its Manhattan branch. Following the Dominion's merger with the Bank of Toronto in 1955, in 1956 Boyle was sent back to the States to work at the new bank's New York branch. Boyle returned to Canada in 1966 and joined the head office in Toronto. In 1972 he was appointed chief general manager and vice-president, and in 1974 was elected a director. On 1 May 1978, Boyle succeeded Richard Murray Thomson as the bank's president, while Thomson was appointed chairman and chief executive. Boyle retired in 1981 at age 65 but remained a director of the bank until 1987. He died in Toronto in 2008 at age 92.
Pompeius Planta
Pompeius Planta (or Pompejus (von) Planta, 1570–25 February 1621, Rietberg Castle) was a leader of the Spanish-Austrian Party during the so-called Bündner Wirren. His murder by Jörg Jenatsch marked a key Protestant (and anti-Habsburg) uprising in Graubünden during the Thirty Years War.

Jörg Jenatsch
Jörg Jenatsch, also called Jürg or Georg Jenatsch (1596 – 24 January 1639), was a Swiss political leader during the Thirty Years' War, one of the most striking figures in the troubled history of the Grisons in the 17th century.
West Coast Environmental Law
West Coast Environmental Law (WCEL) is an environmental law and public advocacy organization based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada that does reform for environmental policies in British Columbia and the rest of Canada.

West Coast Environmental Law specializes in policies for environmental sustainability, climate change, energy efficiency, sustainable forest and land use, aboriginal (First Nations) law, and environmental impact assessment. The organization also provides free legal advice regarding environmental issues, and provides grants through its Environmental Dispute Resolution Fund to individuals or groups seeking legal representation to resolve an environmental conflict.

Environmental Dispute Resolution Fund
The Environmental Dispute Resolution Fund (EDRF) is a legal aid program based in British Columbia, Canada, which provides grants to individuals, community groups, and environmental organizations who need to hire legal representation to assist them in resolving an environmental problem or dispute. The grants are provided and administered by West Coast Environmental Law, a non-profit environmental law and public advocacy organization based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.  EDRF funding allows grantees to hire lawyers (at a legal aid rate) from the private bar. Funding for the EDRF is provided by the Law Foundation of British Columbia.

The EDRF provides funding and grants for approved recipients to obtain legal advice to assist with their environmental disputes. The types of legal work funded include pursuing alternative dispute resolutions, appearing before government tribunals, participating in environmental assessments and challenging government decisions in court.
Nathan Mileikowsky
Nathan Mileikowsky (Russian: Натан Милейковский, IPA: [nɐˈtan mʲɪlʲɪjˈkofskʲɪj]; Hebrew: נתן מיליקובסקי; 15 August 1879 – 4 February 1935) was a Russian-born Zionist political activist, Rabbi, and writer. Mileikowsky's son was the scholar and academic Benzion Netanyahu, and his grandson is Benjamin Netanyahu, the current prime minister of Israel.

Benzion Netanyahu
Benzion Netanyahu (Hebrew: בֶּנְצִיּוֹן נְתַנְיָהוּ; né Mileikowsky; March 25, 1910 – April 30, 2012) was an Israeli encyclopedist, historian, and medievalist, born in Warsaw. He served as a professor of history at Cornell University. A scholar of Judaic history, he was also an activist in the Revisionist Zionism movement, who lobbied in the United States to support the creation of the Jewish state. His field of expertise was the history of the Jews in Spain. He was an editor of the Hebrew Encyclopedia and assistant to Benjamin Azkin, Ze'ev Jabotinsky's personal secretary.

Netanyahu was the father of current Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu; Yonatan Netanyahu, ex-commander of Sayeret Matkal; and Iddo Netanyahu, a physician, author, and playwright.
Canela dialect
Canela is a dialect of the Canela-Krahô language, a Timbira variety of the Northern Jê language group (Jê, Macro-Jê) spoken by the Apànjêkra (Apaniêkrá) and by the Mẽmõrtũmre (Ràmkôkãmẽkra, Ramkokamekrá) in Maranhão, Brazil.: 11 
The Kenkateye dialect has been extinct since 1913 due to the massacre of the tribe by cattle ranchers.

Timbira language
Timbira is a dialect continuum of the Northern Jê language group of the Jê languages ̣(Macro-Jê) spoken in Brazil. The various dialects are distinct enough to sometimes be considered separate languages. The principal varieties, Krahô /ˈkrɑːhoʊ/ (Craó), and Canela /kæˈnɛlə/ (Kanela), have 2000 speakers apiece, few of whom speak Portuguese. Pará Gavião has 600–700 speakers. Krẽje, however, is nearly extinct, with only 30 speakers in 1995.

Timibira has been intensive contact with various Tupi-Guarani languages of the lower Tocantins-Mearim area, such as Guajajára, Tembé, Guajá, and Urubú-Ka'apór. Ararandewára, Turiwára, Tupinamba, and Nheengatu have also been spoken in the area. Some of people in the area are also remembers of Anambé and Amanajé.
Keiichi Arima
Keiichi Arima (有馬 敬一, Arima Keiichi; , January 24, 1909 – March 29, 1998) was a non-aviator dive bomber officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II. He participated in Central China campaigns and later led Aichi D3A dive bombers from carrier Shōkaku in both carrier battles during Solomon Islands Campaign, where he and his pilot, Kiyoto Furuta, scored bomb hits on United States Navy (USN) carrier Enterprise on two occasions.

Kiyoto Furuta
Kiyoto Furuta (古田 清人, Furuta Kiyoto) was a dive bomber pilot in the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II. He flew Aichi D3A dive bomber from carrier Akagi during the Attack on Pearl Harbor and the Indian Ocean Raid, and later from carrier Shōkaku in both carrier battles during Solomon Islands Campaign, where he scored bomb hits on United States Navy (USN) carrier Enterprise on two separate occasions.
Hoshina Masatoshi
Hoshina Masatoshi (保科 正俊) (1509–1593) was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period, who served the Takeda clan. He was the head of Hoshina clan, son of Hoshina Masanori. Masatoshi served under Shingen from the latter's earliest campaigns and fought in many of battles.

He initially opposed Takeda Shingen's invasion of Shinano; however, he later submitted to Shingen and became a Takeda general, in command of 120 cavalry.

Together with Sanada Yukitaka and Kōsaka Masanobu, he was one of the three "Danjo" (Danjō stands for a formal title, Danjōchū; 弾正忠) in the Takeda clan, distinguished from the others as "Yari Danjō" (槍弾正), due to his skilled use of the spear.

Masatoshi was succeeded by his son Hoshina Masanao.

Hoshina Masanao
Hoshina Masanao (保科 正直) (1542 – October 21, 1601) was a Japanese daimyō of the Sengoku period, who served the Takeda clan. He was the successor of his father Hoshina Masatoshi in the ranks of the senior Takeda retainers, and was given command of 250 cavalry.

Masanao was driven out of Takatō Castle following a Siege of Takatō (1582), but was soon allowed to return through the assistance of the Hojo clan. Following a brief conflict with Tokugawa Ieyasu's forces, Masanao became a Tokugawa retainer, and was allowed to retain Takatō. He took part in the Siege of Odawara (1590) under Ieyasu's command, and moved to the Kantō region together with Ieyasu. In the Kantō, Masanao was granted the Tako Domain.
Panthera
Panthera is a genus within the family Felidae, and one of two extant genera in the subfamily Pantherinae. It contains the largest living members of the cat family. There are five living species: the jaguar, leopard, lion, snow leopard and tiger. Numerous extinct species are also named, including the cave lion and American lion.

Pantherinae
The Pantherinae is a subfamily of the Felidae; it was named and first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1917 as only including the Panthera species, but later also came to include the clouded leopards (genus Neofelis). The Pantherinae genetically diverged from a common ancestor between 9.32 to 4.47 million years ago and 10.67 to 3.76 million years ago.
Vincent Herring
Vincent Dwyne Herring (born November 19, 1964) is an American jazz saxophonist, flautist, composer, and educator. Known for his fiery and soulful playing in the bands of Horace Silver, Freddie Hubbard, and Nat Adderley in the earlier stages of his career, he now frequently performs around the world with his own groups and is heavily involved in jazz education.

Nat Adderley
Nathaniel Carlyle Adderley (November 25, 1931 – January 2, 2000) was an American jazz trumpeter and composer. He was the younger brother of saxophonist Julian "Cannonball" Adderley, with whom he played for many years.

Adderley's composition "Work Song" (1960) is a jazz standard, and also became a success on the pop charts after singer Oscar Brown Jr. wrote lyrics for it.
Bishan Singh
Mirza Raja Bishan Singh (c. 1672 - 1699) was a Kachwaha Rajput ruler of the Kingdom of Amber (also called, the Kingdom of Amer or Dhundhar, or Jaipur State). He succeeded his grandfather Mirza Raja Ram Singh I since his father Kishan Singh died in the lifetime of his grandfather. He was also the Mughal subahdar of the province of Assam from the year 1687 to 1695 during the reign of Emperor Aurangzeb. He was succeeded by Sawai Jai Singh II .

Ram Singh I
Mirza Raja Ram Singh I was the Raja of the Kingdom of Amber and head of the Kachhwaha Rajput dynasty, succeeding his father Mirza Raja Jai Singh I. He also served as the general of the Mughal Empire and commander-in-chief of its army as well as the Subahdar of Kashmir.

He was commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb as a commander of 4000 in 1667 to invade the Ahom Kingdom of present-day Assam, but the loss at the Battle of Saraighat (1671) and the subsequent retreat led to his recall to the capital and following disgrace and a downfall in rank and order at the imperial Mughal court which though lasted for a short span of time, rejuvenated by his great-grandson Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II in the beginning of 18th century.
Belzec trial
The Belzec trial (German: Belzec-Prozess, Polish: proces Bełżec) in the mid-1960s was a war crimes trial of eight former SS members of Bełżec extermination camp. The trial was held at the 1st Munich District Court (Landgericht München I) and should be seen in the context of the Sobibor trial, which followed the Belzec trial, because five of the defendants were accused in both trials. In addition, the Belzec and Sobibor trials, along with the Treblinka trials, form a body of evidence of the crimes of mass extermination as part of the so-called Action Reinhardt programme – the killing of over two million Jews and 50,000 Roma and Sinti. These trials are directly related to the mass murder of 100,000 people in the official Nazi Euthanasia programme known after the war as Action T4, as many of the security guards worked in the euthanasia centres before transferring to the extermination camps. The first Euthanasia trials were carried out shortly after the war.

Treblinka trials
The two Treblinka trials concerning the Treblinka extermination camp personnel began in 1964. Held at Düsseldorf in West Germany, they were the two judicial trials in a series of similar war crime trials held during the early 1960s, such as the Jerusalem Adolf Eichmann trial (1961) and the Frankfurt Auschwitz trials (1963–65), as a result of which the general public came to realize the extent of the crimes that some two decades earlier had been perpetrated in occupied Poland by German bureaucrats and their willing executioners. In the subsequent years, separate trials dealt with personnel of the Bełżec (1963–65), Sobibor (1966), and Majdanek (1975–81) extermination camps.
Texture mapping
Texture mapping is a term used in computer graphics to describe how 2D images are projected onto 3D models. The most common variant is the UV unwrap, which can be described as an inverse paper cutout, where the surfaces of a 3D model are cut apart so that it can be unfolded into a 2D coordinate space (UV space).

UV mapping
UV mapping in 3D graphics is a process for texture mapping a 3D model by projecting the model's surface coordinates onto a 2D image. The letters "U" and "V" denote the axes of the 2D texture because "X", "Y", and "Z" are already used to denote the axes of the 3D object in model space, while "W" (in addition to XYZ) is used in calculating quaternion rotations, a common operation in computer graphics.
Princess Louisa Inlet
Princess Louisa Inlet is a fjord on British Columbia’s Sunshine Coast and within the swiya (world, "Territory") of the shíshálh Nation.

The inlet is 6 km (3.7 mi) in length and lies at the northeastern end of the Queens Reach of Jervis Inlet. The Malibu Rapids form the entrance of the inlet.

Princess Louisa Marine Provincial Park, established in 1964, is located at the head of the inlet. The park is home to James Bruce Falls and Chatterbox Falls along Loquilts Creek, a large stream that flows into the head of the inlet.

Jervis Inlet
Jervis Inlet (locally /ˈdʒɑːrvɪs/ JAR-viss) is one of the principal inlets of the British Columbia Coast, about 95 km (59 mi) northwest of Vancouver, and the third of such inlets north of the 49th parallel, the first of which is Burrard Inlet, Vancouver's harbour.
Penis
In many animals, a penis (/ˈpiːnɪs/; pl.: penises or penes) is the male sexual organ used to inseminate females (or hermaphrodites) during copulation. Such organs occur in both vertebrates and invertebrates, but males do not bear a penis in every animal species. Furthermore, penises are not necessarily homologous.

The term penis applies to many intromittent organs, but not to all. As an example, the intromittent organ of most Cephalopoda is the hectocotylus, a specialized arm, and male spiders use their pedipalps. Even within the Vertebrata, there are morphological variants with specific terminology, such as hemipenes.

In most species of animals in which there is an organ that might be described as a penis, it has no major function other than intromission, or at least conveying the sperm to the female, but in the placental mammals, the penis bears the distal part of the urethra, which discharges both urine during urination and semen during copulation.

Hectocotylus
A hectocotylus (pl.: hectocotyli) is one of the arms of male cephalopods that is specialized to store and transfer spermatophores to the female. Structurally, hectocotyli are muscular hydrostats. Depending on the species, the male may use it merely as a conduit to the female, analogously to a penis in other animals, or he may wrench it off and present it to the female.

The hectocotyl arm was first described in Aristotle's biological works. Although Aristotle knew of its use in mating, he was doubtful that a tentacle could deliver sperm. The name hectocotylus was devised by Georges Cuvier, who first found one embedded in the mantle of a female argonaut. Thinking it to be a parasitic worm, in 1829 Cuvier gave it a generic name (Hectocotyle),
which is a New Latin term combining the Greek words for "hundred" (hec(a)to(n)) and for "hollow thing, cup" (cotyle).
Nun
A nun is a woman who vows to dedicate her life to religious service and contemplation, typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience in the enclosure of a monastery or convent. The term is often used interchangeably with religious sisters, who do take simple vows but live an active vocation of prayer and charitable work in the wider society.

In Christianity, nuns are found in the Catholic, Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Orthodox, Lutheran, and Anglican and some Presbyterian traditions,  as well as other Christian denominations. In the Buddhist tradition, female monastics are known as Bhikkhuni, and take several additional vows compared to male monastics (bhikkhus). Nuns are most common in Mahayana Buddhism, but have more recently become more prevalent in other traditions.

Monasticism
Monasticism (from Ancient Greek  μοναχός (monakhós) 'solitary, monastic'; from  μόνος (mónos) 'alone'), also called monachism or monkhood, is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual activities. Monastic life plays an important role in many Christian churches, especially in the Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican traditions as well as in other faiths such as Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism. In other religions, monasticism is generally criticized and not practiced, as in Islam and Zoroastrianism; or plays a marginal role, as in modern Judaism.

Many monastics live in abbeys, convents, monasteries, or priories to separate themselves from the secular world, unless they are in mendicant or missionary orders.
Thomas Babington Macaulay
Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay, PC, FRS, FRSE (/ˈbæbɪŋtən məˈkɔːli/; 25 October 1800 – 28 December 1859) was a British historian, poet and Whig politician who served as the Secretary at War between 1839 and 1841, and as the Paymaster General between 1846 and 1848. He is best known for his The History of England, a seminal example of Whig history which expressed Macaulay's belief in the inevitability of sociopolitical progress and has been widely commended for its prose style. Macaulay also played a substantial role in determining India's education policy.

The History of England from the Accession of James the Second
The History of England from the Accession of James the Second (1848) is the full title of the five-volume work by Lord Macaulay (1800–1859) more generally known as The History of England. It covers the 17-year period from 1685 to 1702, encompassing the reign of James II, the Glorious Revolution, the coregency of William III and Mary II, and up to William III's death.

Macaulay's approach to writing the History was innovative for his period. He consciously fused the picturesque, dramatic style of classical historians such as Thucydides and Tacitus with the learned and factual approach of his 18th-century precursors such as Hume, following the plan laid out in his own 1828 "Essay on History".
Encephalographa
Encephalographa is a small genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Melaspileaceae. It comprises three species characterized by their black, superficial ascomata (fruiting bodies) that form dense clusters, typically growing on rock surfaces. The genus is distinguished by its lirelliform (line-shaped) fruiting bodies with a narrow slit-like disk, and a dark exciple surrounding the spore-bearing hymenium. Originally proposed by Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1854, the genus has undergone several taxonomic revisions before molecular phylogenetics studies confirmed its placement in Melaspileaceae.

Melaspileaceae
Melaspileaceae is a family of lichenised and saprobic fungi in the class Dothideomycetes, order Eremithallales. A 2015 phylogenetic study narrowed the family to two genera, Melaspilea and Encephalographa, and showed that Eremithallales, which had been proposed in 2008, belongs within the Dothideomycetes, and treated Eremithallaceae as a synonym of Melaspileaceae. Many names historically kept in Melaspileaceae but having lichenicolous or saprobic life histories are part of the order Asterinales and belong in segregate genera such as Melaspileella, Melaspileopsis, Stictographa, Karschia, Buelliella, Hemigrapha and Labrocarpon. Members of the family are characterised by small, dark, rounded to lirelliform ascomata, hyaline to brown single-septum spores, and association with a trentepohlioid green algal photobiont.
Mujahideen Brigades
Mujahideen Brigades (Arabic: كتائب المجاهدين, romanized: Kataeb al-Mujahideen) is an armed wing of the Palestinian Mujahideen Movement (Arabic: حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية, romanized: Harakat al-Mujāhidīn al-Filastīnīa). The brigades operate in the Occupied Palestinian territories of the Gaza Strip and The West Bank, including Jenin.

The Mujahideen Brigades operate independently of Hamas but collaborates closely with militants from Palestinian Islamic Jihad's armed wing, Saraya Al Quds.

Palestinian Mujahideen Movement
The Palestinian Mujahideen Movement (Arabic: حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية, romanized: Harakat al-Mujāhidīn al-Filastīnīa) is a Palestinian political organisation that split from the Fatah Movement alongside its military wing, the Mujahideen Brigades, which originated from the Martyr Jamal Al-Omari Brigade of the Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades. The movement was founded in 2001 and led by founder Omar Abu Sharia, at the beginning of the Al-Aqsa Intifada.
Diocese of Gallup
The Diocese of Gallup (Latin: Dioecesis Gallupiensis, Spanish: Diócesis de Gallup) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in northwestern New Mexico and northeastern Arizona in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Santa Fe. The mother church is the Sacred Heart Cathedral in Gallup. The bishop is James Sean Wall.

Gallup, New Mexico
Gallup is a city in McKinley County, New Mexico, United States, with a population of 21,899 as of the 2020 census. A substantial percentage of its population is Native American, with residents from the Navajo, Hopi, and Zuni tribes. Gallup is the county seat of McKinley County and the most populous city between Flagstaff and Albuquerque, along historic U.S. Route 66.

Gallup is known as the "Heart of Indian Country" because it is on the edge of the Navajo reservation and is also home to members of many other tribes.

The city is on the Trails of the Ancients Byway, one of the designated New Mexico Scenic Byways.

Because of the nearby rugged terrain, it was a popular location in the 1940s and 1950s for Hollywood Westerns.
Drexel 5856
Drexel 5856 is a music manuscript containing works composed by George Frideric Handel. It is a significant primary source of the composer's work, having been copied by one of Handel's frequent copyists, John Christopher Smith, possibly as a presentation copy.

Belonging to the New York Public Library, it forms part of the Music Division's Drexel Collection, located at the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. Following traditional library practice, its name is derived from its call number.

Drexel Collection
The Drexel Collection is a collection of over 6,000 volumes of books about music and musical scores owned by the Music Division of The New York Public Library. Donated by Joseph W. Drexel in 1888 to the Lenox Library (which later became The New York Public Library), the collection, located today at the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, is rich with materials on music theory and music history as well as other musical subjects. It contains many rare books and includes a number of significant 17th-century English music manuscripts.