hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cabrillo Bridge
The Cabrillo Bridge is a historic bridge in San Diego, California, providing pedestrian and light automotive access between Balboa Park and the uptown area of San Diego. It was built for the Panama–California Exposition of 1915. The bridge was nominated for the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 and was named a Local Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1986.

Panama–California Exposition
The Panama–California Exposition was a world exposition held in San Diego, California, between January 1, 1915, and January 1, 1917. The exposition celebrated the opening of the Panama Canal, and was meant to tout San Diego as the first United States port of call for ships traveling north after passing through the canal into the Pacific Ocean. The fair was held in San Diego's large urban Balboa Park. The park held a second Panama-California exposition in 1935.
Emmylou Mendoza
Emmylou "Lala" Jacolo Taliño-Mendoza (born February 25, 1972) is a Filipina politician. She was a representative for the first congressional district of Cotabato from 2001 until 2010. She was then elected as the Governor of Cotabato against Agriculture Secretary Emmanuel Piñol. She was elected until her last term in 2019, when she was elected as vice governor. She was then elected as the Governor of Cotabato in 2022 and currently serves as the governor.

Emmanuel Piñol
Emmanuel "Manny" Fantin Piñol (born December 16, 1953) is a Filipino politician, journalist, writer, agriculture advocate and agribusinessman. He served in President Rodrigo Duterte's cabinet as chairman of the Mindanao Development Authority (2019–2021) and Secretary of Agriculture (2016–2019).

Born and raised in M'lang, Cotabato, he served as the town's mayor from 1995 to 1998. He then served as governor (1998–2007) and vice governor (2007–2010) of Cotabato. He had also worked for the National Grains Authority and was previously a radio and print journalist.
8th Cavalry Regiment
The 8th Cavalry Regiment is a regiment of the United States Army formed in 1866 during the American Indian Wars. The 8th Cavalry continued to serve under a number of designations, fighting in every other major U.S. conflict since, except World War I, when it was not deployed to Europe because it was already engaged in the Punitive Expedition in Mexico from 1916 to 1920. It is currently a component of the 1st Cavalry Division.

1st Cavalry Division (United States)
The 1st Cavalry Division ("First Team") is a combined arms division and is one of the most decorated combat divisions of the United States Army. It is based at Fort Hood, Texas. It was formed in 1921 and served during World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Persian Gulf War, with the Stabilization Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Iraq War, the War in Afghanistan as well as Operation Freedom's Sentinel and Operation Inherent Resolve. As of July 2023, the 1st Cavalry Division is subordinate to the III Armored Corps and is commanded by Major General Thomas M. Feltey.

The unit is unique in that it has served as a cavalry division, an infantry division, an air assault division and an armored division during its existence.
Dhubri Lok Sabha constituency
Dhubri Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha constituencies in Assam state in north-eastern India. Dhubri consists of 11 assembly segments of Lower Assam, covering all of South Salmara-Mankachar District and Dhubri districts parts of Goalpara district parts of Bongaigaon district and parts of Barpeta district. With an estimated population of 5 million residents Dhubri Lok Sabha constituency has 2.6 million registered voters. Dhubri Lok Sabha constituency is the most populated constituency in the entire North-East region of India.

Dhubri district
Dhubri district (Pron:ˈdʊbri) is an administrative district in the Indian state of Assam. Included within the Kamatapur Autonomous Council, the district headquarters are located at Dhubri city which is situated ~290 km from Guwahati. This was also the headquarters of erstwhile undivided Goalpara district which was created in 1876 by the British government. In 1983, Goalpara district was divided into four districts and Dhubri is one among those. Dhubri district is one among the many Muslim-majority districts of Assam. In 2016, Dhubri was divided again to form South Salmara-Mankachar District.

As of 2011 it is the second most populous district of Assam (out of 27), after Nagaon.
Sellmeier equation
The Sellmeier equation is an empirical relationship between refractive index and wavelength for a particular transparent medium. The equation is used to determine the dispersion of light in the medium.

It was first proposed in 1872 by Wolfgang Sellmeier and was a development of the work of Augustin Cauchy on Cauchy's equation for modelling dispersion.

Cauchy's equation
In optics, Cauchy's transmission equation is an empirical relationship between the refractive index and wavelength of light for a particular transparent material. It is named for the mathematician Augustin-Louis Cauchy, who originally defined it in 1830 in his article "The refraction and reflection of light".
Queen Anne's County, Maryland
Queen Anne's County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 49,874. Its county seat and most populous municipality is Centreville. The census-designated place of Stevensville is the county's most populous place with a population of 7,442 as of 2020. The county is named for Queen Anne of Great Britain, who reigned when the county was established in 1706 during the colonial period. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state.

Queen Anne's County is included in the Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA Combined Statistical Area, and is the easternmost in both.

Chesapeake Bay Bridge connects Kent Island in Queen Anne's County across Chesapeake Bay to Anne Arundel County. The American Discovery Trail runs through the county.

Anne Arundel County, Maryland
Anne Arundel County (listenⓘ; /əˈrʌndəl/), also notated as AA or A.A. County, is located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 588,261, an increase of just under 10% since 2010. Its county seat is Annapolis, which is also the capital of the state. The county is named for Anne Arundell (c. 1615/1616–1649), Lady Baltimore, a member of the Arundell family in Cornwall, England, and the wife of Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), founder and first lord proprietor of the colony Province of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Anne Arundel County is included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington combined statistical area.
Asian barred owlet
The Asian barred owlet (Glaucidium cuculoides), also known as the cuckoo owlet, is a species of pygmy owl native to the forests and shrublands of mainland Southeast Asia to the foothills of the Himalayas of northern Pakistan. It is a smaller owl, measuring 22–25 cm (8.7–9.8 in), making it one of the larger pygmy owls. They are primarily insectivorous but will eat lizards, small rodents and birds as well.

Pygmy owl
Pygmy owls are members of the genus Glaucidium. They belong to the typical owl family, Strigidae.
The genus consists of 29 species distributed worldwide. These are mostly small owls, and some of the species are called "owlets". The genus includes nocturnal, diurnal, and crepuscular species. Birds in this genus mainly hunt large insects and other small prey.
Tynset Municipality
Tynset is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Østerdalen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Tynset. Some of the notable villages in Tynset include Fådalen, Fåset, Kvikne, Telneset, Tylldalen, and Yset.

The 1,880-square-kilometre (730 sq mi) municipality is the 43rd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Tynset Municipality is the 168th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,722. The municipality's population density is 3 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.8/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.6% over the previous 10-year period.

Yset
Yset or Kvikne is a village in Tynset Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The mountain village is located near the mountain pass that lies between the large Østerdalen valley and Trøndelag county.

The village is located along the Orkla River at the confluence with the Ya River about 31 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of the village of Innset and about 33 kilometres (21 mi) northwest of the town of Tynset. Norwegian National Road 3 passes through the village.

The old dam construction for the Eidsfossen Hydroelectric Power Station can be seen from National Road 3 about 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) south of Yset.
The Wise Man's Fear
The Wise Man's Fear is a fantasy novel written by American author Patrick Rothfuss and the second volume in The Kingkiller Chronicle. It was published on March 1, 2011, by DAW Books. It is the sequel to 2007's The Name of the Wind.

The Name of the Wind
The Name of the Wind, also referred to as The Kingkiller Chronicle: Day One, is a heroic fantasy novel written by American author Patrick Rothfuss. It is the first book in the ongoing fantasy trilogy The Kingkiller Chronicle, followed by The Wise Man's Fear. It was published on March 27, 2007, by DAW Books.
Apeldoorn
Apeldoorn ([ˈaːpəldoːr(ə)n] ⓘ; Dutch Low Saxon: Apeldoorne) is a municipality and city in the province of Gelderland in the centre of the Netherlands. The municipality of Apeldoorn, including the villages of Beekbergen, Loenen, Ugchelen and Hoenderloo, had a population of 165,525 on 1 December 2021. The western half of the municipality lies on the Veluwe ridge, with the eastern half in the IJssel valley.

Ugchelen
Ugchelen is part of the municipality of Apeldoorn in the Gelderland province of the Netherlands, and is today seen as a village.

Ugchelen is located South West of Apeldoorn and has about 7000 inhabitants. Like Apeldoorn, the old village thanked its growth to the paper industry, it had a total of 11 watermills. In 1958 a 70-meter high transmission tower was built, the Zendstation Ugchelen. In 2006 it received a new water mill called The Bouwhof Mill.

The most important hospital in the region, Gelre hospital, is located next to Ugchelen.
Archduke Franz Josef of Austria, Prince of Tuscany
Archduke Franz Josef of Austria–Tuscany (German: Franz Josef Karl Leopold Blanka Adelgunde Ignatius Raphael Michael von Habsburg-Lothringen, Erzherzog von Österreich, Prinz von Toskana; 4 February 1905 – 9 May 1975) was the fourth son of Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria, Prince of Tuscany and Princess Blanca of Bourbon. At the fall of Habsburg monarchy he moved to Barcelona, where he became a naturalized Spanish citizen. He married morganatically twice and had a daughter from his second marriage. During World War II he lived in the United States, working in the forestry industry. In 1955 he returned to Austria. He inherited the Carlist pretensions to the Spanish throne of his brother Archduke Karl Pius and called himself Duke of Madrid. He died in 1975.

Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria
Archduke Leopold Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (Leopold Salvator Maria Joseph Ferdinand Franz von Assisi Karl Anton von Padua Johann Baptist Januarius Aloys Gonzaga Rainer Wenzel Galius von Österreich-Toskana) (15 October 1863 – 4 September 1931), was the son of Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria and Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.
Korea Aerospace University
Korea Aerospace University (KAU, Korean: 한국항공대학교; Hanja: 韓國航空大學校) is a private university located in Goyang, South Korea, specializing in aviation and aerospace studies. KAU was established on June 16,1952. KAU offers a range of undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral programs, focusing on areas such as aircraft systems, avionics, space engineering, and airport management. The university is known for its strong industry connections, providing students with practical experience through internships, research opportunities, and partnerships with major aerospace companies.

Goyang
Goyang (Korean: 고양; Korean pronunciation: [ko.jaŋ]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province in the north of South Korea. It is part of the Seoul Metropolitan Area, making Goyang one of Seoul's satellite cities. It is one of the largest cities in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, with a population of just over 1 million. Ilsan, a planned city, is located in the Ilsandong District and Ilsanseo Districts of Goyang. It also includes Deogyang District which is closer to Seoul.

Several institutions of higher learning are located in Goyang. These include Agricultural Cooperative College, Korea Aerospace University, and Transnational Law and Business University.
Under the Domim Tree
Under the Domim Tree (Hebrew: עץ הדומים תפוס, romanized: Etz Hadomim Tafus) is a 1994 Israeli film based on the 1992 book of the same name by Gila Almagor. The film was directed by Eli Cohen, and screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival.

Both the book and the film are sequels to Almagor's 1985 autobiographical book, Summer of Aviya, about the protagonist's childhood in the 1950s in Israel. Under the Domim Tree tells of Aviya's years in the Oudim boarding school and about the relations that are formed between the Israeli-born students and the students who survived the Holocaust.

Aviya's Summer
Aviya's Summer (Hebrew: הקיץ של אביה; translit. Ha-Kayitz Shel Aviya) is a Hebrew-language book that became a bestseller. The 1985 autobiographical novel by theater actress Gila Almagor was made into a film released in 1988. The 96-minute film acts as a memoir of Almagor's childhood and provides insights into Israeli society in the early post-state period. Directed by Eli Cohen, the film was shot on location in Kfar Avraham, Petach Tikvah, Israel.
Koviyar
Koviyar (Tamil: கோவியர், romanized: Kōviyar, also known as Covia) is a Tamil caste found in Sri Lanka. They are traditional agriculturalists, temple guardians and temple workers but also included feudal lords, warriors, mercenaries, merchants, landowners and temple patrons.Kattavarayan as caste deity is observed by the Koviar. They are reputed as a ritually dominant caste and regarded as the "cousin" caste of the more numerical dominant caste, Sri Lankan Vellalar.

Sri Lankan Vellalar
Sri Lankan Vellalar (Tamil: இலங்கை வெள்ளாளர், lit. 'Ilaṅkai veḷḷāḷar') is a caste in Sri Lanka, predominantly found in the Jaffna peninsula and adjacent Vanni region, who comprise about half of the Sri Lankan Tamil population. They were traditionally involved in agriculture, but also included merchants, landowners and temple patrons. They also form part of the Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora.

They are reputed as a ritually and numerically dominant caste in the Northern Sri Lankan society, who have contributed among the political elites of the Sri Lankan Tamils. Many of the Tamil Mudaliyars, a high colonial rank, were drawn from the Vellalar caste. In Eastern Sri Lanka, the Vellalars as other prominent castes there, are further divided into kudis or matrilineal clans.
Great! Romance
Great! Romance (stylized as GREAT! romance) is a British free-to-air TV channel owned by Narrative Entertainment UK Limited that launched 10 September 2019 as Sony Movies Classic, replacing True Movies. The launch began with a temporary seasonal replacement called Sony Movies Christmas, lasting from 10 September 2019 to 7 January 2020. The channel is dedicated to romantic, made-for-TV movies from the 2010s to today.

The brand voice of the channel is British voice-over artist Ben Neidle, who voices the promos and continuity links.

True Movies
True Movies was a British free-to-air television channel. It was also distributed in Africa on DStv. It is the first channel from Moving Movies Ltd., majority-owned by CSC Media Group (formerly Chart Show Channels).

The channel was dedicated to true-to-life drama films, mostly made for TV. It showed films from a range of cinematic genres including crime, drama, animation, action and docusoaps, mostly based on real-life events.
Pan Dah
Pan Dah (c. September 1940 – October 31, 1951), also spelled Pan-dah, was a female giant panda captured in Western China and settled in New York's Bronx Zoo.

In 1941, Soong May-ling, Chiang Kai-shek, presented two giant pandas, Pan Dah and Pan Dee, to the Bronx Zoo of the United States. The two giant pandas were used to demonstrate the non-Communist Chinese's love for the United States, especially for the Bronx.

On October 31, 1951, Pan Dah died at the Bronx Zoo.

Pan Dee
Pan Dee was a female giant panda born around September 1940 in China and settled in Bronx Zoo of New York.

In 1941, Soong May-ling presented two giant pandas, Pan Dee and Pan Dah, to the Bronx Zoo. The gift of the two giant pandas was the inception of China's modern "panda diplomacy" and established the political gift model of "panda diplomacy".

On October 4, 1945, Pan Dee died of peritonitis.
Herbert Bayer
Herbert Bayer (April 5, 1900 – September 30, 1985) was an Austrian and American graphic designer, painter, photographer, sculptor, art director, environmental and interior designer, and architect. He served as a design consultant to and then Chairman of the Department of Design at the Container Corporation of America. He helped design the campus of The Aspen Institute in Aspen, Colorado, where his seminal earthwork Grass Mound (1955) is located. He was also instrumental in the development of the Atlantic Richfield Company's corporate art collection until his death in 1985.

ARCO
ARCO (/ˈɑːrkoʊ/ AR-koh) is a brand of gasoline stations owned by Marathon Petroleum. BP, which formerly owned the brand, uses it in California, Oregon and Washington, while Marathon has rights for the rest of the United States and Mexico.

ARCO was established in 1966 as the Atlantic Richfield Company, an independent oil and gas company formed from the merger of Atlantic Petroleum and the Richfield Oil Corporation.
Tcptrace
tcptrace is a free and open-source tool for analyzing TCP dump files. It accepts as input files produced by packet-capture programs, including tcpdump, Wireshark, and snoop.

tcptrace can produce several different types of output containing information on each connection seen, such as elapsed time, bytes and segments sent and received, retransmissions, round trip times, window advertisements, and throughput. It can also produce graphs for further analysis. As of version 5, minimal UDP processing has been implemented in addition to the TCP capabilities.

Tcpdump
tcpdump is a data-network packet analyzer computer program that runs under a command line interface. It allows the user to display TCP/IP and other packets being transmitted or received over a network to which the computer is attached. Distributed under the BSD license, tcpdump is free software.

Tcpdump works on most Unix-like operating systems: Linux, Solaris, FreeBSD, DragonFly BSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, OpenWrt, macOS, HP-UX 11i, and AIX.  In those systems, tcpdump uses the libpcap library to capture packets. The port of tcpdump for Windows is called WinDump; it uses WinPcap, the Windows version of libpcap.
Sainik Farm
Sainik Farm is an affluent settlement in New Delhi where prominent people reside. The area has been embroiled in legal trouble over its legitimacy. It is situated south of Saket beyond the Mehrauli-Badarpur Road in the southernmost part of the city.

Saket (Delhi)
Saket is a residential colony and the administrative headquarters of the South Delhi district of Delhi in India.

The local district headquarters are also situated on M.B. Road, Saket. The DDA has developed the Saket Sports Complex spread over 18.5 acres, in 1990.

Saket Colony was developed on the lands of the Khirki Chauhan village, the Jat‑dominated village of Said‑ul‑Ajaib, and the Hauz Rani village.
Jo Littler
Jo Littler FAcSS (born 1972) is a British sociologist and cultural theorist. She is known for her contributions to sociology and cultural studies, particularly her critiques of meritocracy and social and cultural inequality.

Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences
The Fellowship of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS) is an award granted by the Academy of Social Sciences to leading academics, policy-makers, and practitioners of the social sciences.

Fellows were previously known as Academicians and used the post-nominal letter "AcSS". This was changed in July 2014 to bring the academy in line with other British learned societies.
Conventions of La Marsa
The Conventions of La Marsa (Arabic: اتفاقية المرسى) supplementing the Treaty of Bardo were signed by the Bey of Tunis Ali III ibn al-Husayn and the French Resident General Paul Cambon in the Dar al-Taj Palace on 8 June 1883. They provided for France to repay Tunisia's international debt so it could abolish the International Debt Commission and thereby remove any obstacles to a French protectorate in Tunisia. It was in the Conventions of La Marsa that the term 'protectorate' was first employed to describe the relationship between France and the Regency of Tunis. As the first protectorate to be established, Tunisia provided a working model for later French interventions in Morocco and Syria.

Treaty of Bardo
The Treaty of Bardo (French: Traité du Bardo, Arabic: معاهدة باردو) or Treaty of Ksar Saïd established a French protectorate over Tunisia that lasted until World War II. It was signed on 12 May 1881 between representatives of France and the Tunisian bey  Muhammed as-Sadiq, placing Tunisia under the control of the French Resident-General.

The treaty allowed France to control certain geographical areas under the guise of re-establishing order and protecting the Bey from internal opposition and also gave France responsibility for foreign-policy decisions of Tunisia. Later, the Conventions of La Marsa of 8 June 1883 gave France a right to intervene in Tunisia's domestic affairs. Thus subject to the Resident-General’s absolute power, the country lost almost all autonomy not only in external but in practice also in internal affairs.
State health agency
A state health agency (SHA), or state department of health, is a department or agency of the state governments of the United States focused on public health. The state secretary of health is a constitutional or at times a statutory official in several states of the United States. The position is the chief executive official for the state's state health agency (or equivalent), chief administrative officer for the state's Board of Health (or equivalent), or both.

Following passage of the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974, during the first ten years of the program the state health departments were given new and important roles under the law. Due to new grants available, they had enhanced their programs and had many more resources to oversee and help utilities come into compliance with drinking water standards, and they were able to develop other related activities like the capacity for doing risk assessments on new contaminants of concern.

Health departments in the United States
Government departments responsible for health issues and health services in the United States exist at federal, state and local levels. The first, at city level, were founded in the late 18th century; now many operate at city or county level. State-level work began in the mid-19th century, now every state has one. The federal agency now known as the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS or Health Department) originated in 1939.