hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Altegrity Risk International
Altegrity Risk International (ARI) was a New York City-based risk consulting and information services company from 2010 to 2015. A subsidiary of Altegrity, Inc. of Falls Church, VA,  ARI provided investigations, business intelligence, forensic accounting, compliance and monitoring and security services to businesses and government agencies around the world.

In February 2015, the company filed for bankruptcy. After their bankruptcy, Altegrity settled with the United States Department of Justice for $30 million over fraud charges. ARI became part of the Kroll, Inc. business unit.

Kroll Inc.
Kroll (formerly Duff & Phelps) is an American multinational financial and risk advisory firm that has its headquarters in New York City. It was established in 1932 as Duff & Phelps. In 2018, Duff & Phelps acquired the original Kroll company, which had been founded in 1972. In 2021, Duff & Phelps decided to rebrand itself as Kroll, a process it completed in 2022.
Uganda Refinery Holding Company
Uganda Refinery Holding Company (URHC), is a government of Uganda-owned parastatal company, that is a 100 percent subsidiary of the Uganda National Oil Company (UNOC), whose purpose is to hold the shareholding in the Uganda Oil Refinery and related infrastructure, that is assigned to the Ugandan government. The company was incorporated as a private limited liability company, under the Companies Act of 2012. The company plays a central role in Uganda's emerging petroleum sector, specifically in the development and management of the country's first oil refinery project.

Uganda National Oil Company
The Uganda National Oil Company (UNOC), also known as the National Oil Company of Uganda, is a limited liability petroleum company in Uganda owned by the Ugandan government. The 2013 Petroleum (Exploration, Development and Production) Act of Uganda provides for the establishment of the national oil company. UNOC's board of directors was inaugurated on 23 October 2015 by the president of Uganda.
Tridiagonal matrix
In linear algebra, a tridiagonal matrix is a band matrix that has nonzero elements only on the main diagonal, the subdiagonal/lower diagonal (the first diagonal below this), and the supradiagonal/upper diagonal (the first diagonal above the main diagonal). For example, the following matrix is tridiagonal:

The determinant of a tridiagonal matrix is given by the continuant of its elements.

An orthogonal transformation of a symmetric (or Hermitian) matrix to tridiagonal form can be done with the Lanczos algorithm.

Band matrix
In mathematics, particularly matrix theory, a band matrix or banded matrix is a sparse matrix whose non-zero entries are confined to a diagonal band, comprising the main diagonal and zero or more diagonals on either side.
Kalyvia, Larissa
Kalyvia (Greek: Καλύβια, Greek pronunciation: [ka'lyvʝa]) is an Aromanian (Vlach) village of the Elassona municipality, Thessaly, Greece. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Olympos. Kalyvia is a part of the community of Kokkinopilos.

Kokkinopilos
Kokkinopilos (Greek: Κοκκινοπηλός, Greek pronunciation: [kocinopi'los]) is a village and a community in Elassona Municipality, Greece. Before the 2011 local government reform it was a part of the municipality of Olympos. The community of Kokkinopilos covers an area of 129.368 km2.
Louise of Lorraine
Louise of Lorraine (French: Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont; 30 April 1553 – 29 January 1601) was Queen of France as the wife of King Henry III from their marriage on 15 February 1575 until his death on 2 August 1589. During the first three months of their marriage, she was also Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania. As a dowager queen, Louise held the title of Duchess of Berry.

Duke of Berry
Duke of Berry (French: Duc de Berry) or Duchess of Berry (French: Duchesse de Berry) was a title in the Peerage of France. The Duchy of Berry, centred on Bourges, was originally created as an appanage for junior members of the Capetian dynasty and was frequently granted to female royals. The style "Duke of Berry" was later granted by several Bourbon monarchs to their grandsons. The last official Duke of Berry was Charles Ferdinand of Artois, son of King Charles X. The title Duke of Berry is currently being claimed through its usage as a courtesy title by Alphonse de Bourbon, son of Louis Alphonse de Bourbon, the Legitimist claimant to the French Throne.
Fort Bayard National Cemetery
Fort Bayard National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery in the Fort Bayard Historic District, near Silver City, New Mexico. It encompasses 18.8 acres (7.6 ha), and as of the end of 2020, had 6,000 interments. It is one of two national cemeteries in New Mexico (the other being Santa Fe), and is administered by Santa Fe National Cemetery.

Fort Bayard Historic District
The Fort Bayard Historic District encompasses the area that was the location of Fort Bayard, a United States Army military installation north of present-day Santa Clara, New Mexico.  Founded in 1866, the fort at first provided security (mainly by African-American "Buffalo Soldiers") against Native American attacks on settlers during the settlement of the region in the 19th century.  It was then converted into the army's first tuberculosis sanitarium, and later became a VA hospital.  The property is now the Fort Bayard Medical Center, a long-term nursing care facility operated by the state of New Mexico.  The only surviving 19th-century elements of the fort are some of its landscaping, and the Fort Bayard National Cemetery.  The site was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 2004.
Yadvendranagar railway station
Yadvendranagar railway station (station code YDV) is located in Yadvendranagar, Jaunpur District, Uttar Pradesh, India.

This station is part of North Eastern Railway Zone's Varanasi Division and the Jaunpur–Kerakat–Aunrihar line.

Aunrihar–Jaunpur line
The Jaunpur–Kerakat–Aunrihar line is an operating railway line that comes under the jurisdiction of North Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways in Uttar Pradesh, India. It connects the Varanasi–Lucknow line and Varanasi–Chhapra line which is for reducing the rail traffic burden on Varanasi. It lies on the Gangetic plain.

The line has 8 stations, between its start at Aunrihar Junction to its point of termination at Jaunpur Junction.

In this route Kerakat is the famous station and medium revenue station in Varanasi railway division of North Eastern Railway zone. Many trains are runs from Ghazipur City and Chhapra Junction to Jaunpur Junction and Varanasi Junction through this line. also it connects many big cities as Kanpur, Bareilly, Surat, Mumbai, Durg, Ghaziabad, Faizabad, Delhi, Barauni, Agra, etc.
124th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 124th Division (第124師団, Dai-hyakunijūyon Shidan) was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the Foresight Division (遠謀兵団, Enbo Heidan). It was formed 16 January in Mudanjiang as a triangular division. It was a part of the 8 simultaneously created divisions batch comprising 121st, 122nd, 123rd, 124th, 125th, 126th, 127th and 128th divisions. The nucleus for the formation was the 1st, 2nd, 11th border guards groups and the parts of the 111th Division. The 124th division was initially assigned to 3rd army.

111th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 111th Division (第111師団, Dai-hyakujūichi Shidan) was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the City Division (市兵団, Ichi Heidan). It was formed 12 July 1944 in Dongning as a triangular division. The nucleus for the formation was the 9th Independent Garrison Group. The division was initially assigned to the Third Army.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 4th Worcester district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 4th Worcester district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers the city of Leominster in Worcester County. Democrat Natalie Higgins of Leominster has represented the district since 2017.

The current district geographic boundary overlaps with that of the Massachusetts Senate's Worcester and Middlesex district.

Massachusetts Senate's Worcester and Middlesex district
Massachusetts Senate's Worcester and Middlesex district in the United States is one of 40 legislative districts of the Massachusetts Senate. It covered 0.6% of Middlesex County and 18.7% of Worcester County population in 2010. Democrat John Cronin of Lunenberg has represented the district since 2021.
Universities and Colleges Christian Fellowship
Universities and Colleges Christian Fellowship (UCCF; also UCCF: The Christian Unions) is an evangelical Christian student movement with affiliate groups on university campuses in the United Kingdom. It is a member of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students. The UCCF endorses a conservative evangelical form of Christian theology.

The Christian Unions provide opportunities for fellowship, bible study and evangelism, with nearly 40,000 students attending outreach events each year.

International Fellowship of Evangelical Students
The International Fellowship of Evangelical Students (IFES) is an interdenominational association of 180 evangelical Christian student movements worldwide, encouraging evangelism, discipleship and mission among students. The headquarters is in Oxford, England.
Remedies Against the Hundred (England) Act 1827
The Larceny Act 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. 4. c. 29) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that consolidated enactments relating to remedies against the hundred in England and Wales.

The act was one of Peel's Acts which consolidated, repealed and replaced a large number of existing statutes. The enactments replaced by the act were repealed by the Criminal Statutes Repeal Act 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. 4. c. 27).

Criminal Statutes Repeal Act 1827
The Criminal Statutes Repeal Act 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. 4. c. 27) or the Criminal Statutes (England) Repeal Act 1827 was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that repealed for England and Wales enactments relating to the English criminal law from 1225 to 1826.

The act was one of Peel's Acts which consolidated, repealed and replaced a large number of existing statutes.

Similar provision was made for Ireland by the Criminal Statutes (Ireland) Repeal Act 1828 (9 Geo. 4. c. 53) and for India by the Criminal Law (India) Act 1828 (9 Geo. 4. c. 74).
Ghukas Karnetsi
Ghukas Karnetsi (Armenian: Ղուկաս Կարնեցի, lit. 'Luke of Karin/Erzurum'; 1722 – 28 December 1799) was Catholicos of All Armenians (head of the Armenian Church) in Etchmiadzin from 1780 to 1799. He succeeded his former teacher Simeon of Yerevan and continued many of his policies. He was catholicos during a time of economic hardship and conflict in Iranian Armenia and appealed to the Russian Empire to take Armenians under its protection. He was careful not to worsen the church's relations with Muslim rulers. He was also responsible for the renovation and decoration of Etchmiadzin Cathedral.

Simeon I of Yerevan
Simeon I of Yerevan (Armenian: Սիմէոն Ա Երեւանցիα; 1710–1780), also known as Simeon Yerevantsi, served as the Catholicos of All Armenians between 1763 and 1780.

In 1771, he founded the first printing press in Armenia at Etchmiadzin Cathedral.  According to historian Rouben Paul Adalian, the pontificate of Simeon I of Yerevan marked the reemergence of Etchmiadzin (present-day, Vagharshapat) as a "truly important center of Armenian national affairs".
Kuvira
Kuvira, also known as The Great Uniter, is a fictional character in the Nickelodeon animated television series The Legend of Korra, the sequel to Avatar: The Last Airbender, created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko. She is part of the Avatar: The Last Airbender world. Introduced in a minor capacity in the third season of the series, she becomes the main antagonist of the fourth season, and returns in the Ruins of the Empire comic book trilogy. Kuvira was created with similar characteristics to the portrayal of protagonist Korra in prior seasons to highlight the changes she had made over the course of the series. Kuvira's character has been mostly met with positive reception. Critics note her motives as being understandable, while her actions are given political analogues.

The Legend of Korra: Ruins of the Empire
The Legend of Korra: Ruins of the Empire is a three-part graphic novel series written by Michael Dante DiMartino, with art by Michelle Wong. The series was first announced in October 2018 as a three-part extended sequel to The Legend of Korra: Turf Wars, with the story centering on Avatar Korra and her allies as they deal with the fallout of Kuvira's surrender in the Earth Kingdom. Avatar Korra's romantic relationship with her close longtime friend Asami is also further explored in the series.

The first volume was published by Dark Horse Comics on May 21, 2019, the second on November 12, 2019, and the third on February 26, 2020.
Joseph Henry Gilbert
Sir Joseph Henry Gilbert FRS (1 August 1817 – 23 December 1901) was an English chemist, noteworthy for his long career spent improving the methods of practical agriculture. Along with J.B. Lawes, he conducted experiments at Rothamstead for forty years. One of the key findings of Lawes and Gilbert was that cereal crops took up nitrogen from the soil, contrary to the ideas of Justus von Liebig who held that it was obtained only from the air. Their work made Rothamstead a leading centre of agricultural research. Gilbert became a fellow of the Royal Society in 1860.

John Bennet Lawes
Sir John Bennet Lawes, 1st Baronet, FRS (28 December 1814 – 31 August 1900) was an English entrepreneur and agricultural scientist. He founded an experimental farm at his home at Rothamsted Manor that eventually became Rothamsted Research, where he developed a superphosphate that would mark the beginnings of the chemical fertilizer industry.
Chapin, South Carolina
Chapin, South Carolina is a town located in Lexington County, South Carolina, United States. Chapin had a population of 1,809 at the 2020 census

Chapin is located approximately 24 miles (39 km) northwest of Columbia, South Carolina.

Lexington County, South Carolina
Lexington County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 293,991. Its county seat and largest community is Lexington. The county was chartered in 1785 and was named in commemoration of Lexington, Massachusetts, the site of the Battle of Lexington in the American Revolutionary War. Lexington County is the sixth-most populous county in South Carolina by population and is part of the Columbia, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the Midlands region of South Carolina.
South Dayi District
South Dayi District is one of the eighteen districts in Volta Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Kpando District on 10 March 1989, until the southern part of the district was split off by a decree of president John Agyekum Kufuor on 19 August 2004 to create South Dayi District; thus the remaining part has been retained as Kpando District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 28 June 2012 to become Kpando Municipal District). The district assembly is located in the western part of Volta Region and has Kpeve as its capital town.

Kpando Municipal District
Kpando Municipal District is one of the eighteen districts in Volta Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly on 10 March 1989 when it was known as Kpando District, until the southern part of the district was split off by a decree of president John Agyekum Kufuor on 19 August 2004 to create South Dayi District; thus the remaining part has been retained as Kpando District. However on 28 June 2012, the southern part of the district was later split off to create North Dayi District on 28 June 2012; while the remaining part was elevated to municipal district assembly status on the same year to become Kpando Municipal District. The municipality is located in the western part of Volta Region and has Kpando as its capital town.
Leptorhynchos gaddisi
Leptorhynchos (/ˌlɛptəuˈrɪŋkəus/) is an extinct genus of caenagnathid theropod from the Late Cretaceous of what is now the US state of Texas, although it has been suggested to also exist in Alberta and South Dakota.  The type species is L. gaddisi, and it is currently the only widely accepted valid species.  The generic name of Leptorhynchos comes from the Greek "leptos" meaning "small" and "rhynchos" meaning "beak".  The specific epithet is in honor of the Gaddis family, who owned the land on which the holotype was discovered.

Caenagnathidae
Caenagnathidae is a family of derived caenagnathoid dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of North America and Asia. They are a member of the Oviraptorosauria, and relatives of the Oviraptoridae. Like other oviraptorosaurs, caenagnathids had specialized beaks, long necks, and short tails, and would have been covered in feathers. The relationships of caenagnathids were long a puzzle. The family was originally named by Raymond Martin Sternberg in 1940  as a family of flightless birds. The discovery of skeletons of the related oviraptorids revealed that they were in fact non-avian theropods, and the discovery of more complete caenagnathid remains  revealed that Chirostenotes pergracilis, originally named on the basis of a pair of hands, and Citipes elegans, originally thought to be an ornithomimid, named from a foot, were caenagnathids as well.
Avenging Angel (1985 film)
Avenging Angel is a 1985 American action thriller film directed by Robert Vincent O'Neil and written by O'Neil and Joseph Michael Cala. It stars Betsy Russell, Rory Calhoun, Robert F. Lyons, Ossie Davis and Susan Tyrrell.

The film is a sequel to Angel (1984) and was followed by Angel III: The Final Chapter (1988) and Angel 4: Undercover (1993).

Rory Calhoun claimed Donna Wilkes did not reprise the role she had originated because the producers refused to pay her the salary she wanted.

Angel (1984 film)
Angel is a 1984 American exploitation thriller film directed by Robert Vincent O'Neil, written by O'Neil and Joseph M. Cala, and starring Cliff Gorman, Susan Tyrrell, Dick Shawn, Rory Calhoun, and Donna Wilkes. The film follows a teenage prostitute in Los Angeles who faces danger when a serial killer begins stalking and murdering her colleagues.

Released by New World Pictures, it was the first installment in the Angel film series.
Nuth
Nuth (Dutch: [nʏt] ⓘ; Limburgish: Nut [nʏt]) is a village and a former municipality in the province of Limburg, situated in the southern Netherlands. In January 2019, the municipality merged with Schinnen and Onderbanken to form Beekdaelen.

The village of Nuth with 4,595 inhabitants (1 January 2021), is the most populous village of the municipality. The town hall of the municipality Nuth was also situated in the village Nuth. The other villages in the municipality were Hulsberg with 3972 inhabitants, Schimmert with 3184, Wijnandsrade with 1623 and Vaesrade with 997 inhabitants (data: 1-1-2021). The other population centres belong to one of the following villages.

Wijnandsrade
Wijnandsrade (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋɛinɑntsˌraːdə]; Limburgish: Wienesrao [ˈwiːnəsʀɔː]) is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Beekdaelen.
It is notable for its castle and church and two ponds, which define the village's centre.
Nina Strokata Karavanska
Nina Antonivna Karavanska (née Strokata; 31 January 1926 – 2 August 1998) was a Ukrainian dissident, Soviet microbiologist and immunologist. She was a member of the dissident movement in the USSR, a co-founder of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group and one of the leading human rights activists in Odesa during the Soviet period. She is the author of about 23 scientific papers in the field of clinical microbiology and immunology. She spoke Russian, Ukrainian, English, German, Polish, and Romanian. She was the wife of Sviatoslav Karavanskyi.

Ukrainian Helsinki Group
The Ukrainian Helsinki Group (Ukrainian: Українська Гельсінська Група, romanized: Ukrainska Helsinska Hrupa) was founded on November 9, 1976, as the Ukrainian Public Group to Promote the Implementation of the Helsinki Accords on Human Rights (Ukrainian: Українська громадська група сприяння виконанню гельсінських угод, romanized: Ukrainska hromadska hrupa spryiannia vykonanniu helsinskykh uhod) to monitor human rights in Ukraine. The group was active until 1981 when all members were jailed.

The group's goal was to monitor the Soviet Government's compliance with the Helsinki Accords, which ensure human rights. The members of the group based the group's legal viability on the provision in the Helsinki Final Act, Principle VII, which established the rights of individuals to know and act upon their rights and duties.
M2 (Johannesburg)
The M2 is a major highway and metropolitan route in Greater Johannesburg, South Africa. It is named the Francois Oberholzer Freeway. It runs just to the south of the Johannesburg Central Business District eastwards where it connects with the N3 (only a short segment goes to the west of the Johannesburg CBD) and enters Germiston, ending near its CBD. The north–south M1 intersects with the M2 just to the south-west of the Johannesburg CBD.

M1 (Johannesburg)
The M1 De Villiers Graaff motorway is a metropolitan route and major freeway in the City of Johannesburg, South Africa. The highway connects the southern areas (including Booysens, Eldorado Park and Soweto) with the city centre and extends further north through Sandton into the Ben Schoeman Highway towards Pretoria. Construction began in 1962 and resulted in the demolition of many properties and houses including numerous historical Parktown Mansions.
British Rail Class 196
The British Rail Class 196 Civity is a class of diesel multiple unit built for West Midlands Trains by Spanish rolling stock manufacturer CAF. A total of 26 units have been built; 12 two-car units and 14 four-car units.

They are the first train of the Civity family to feature end gangways.

CAF Civity
The CAF Civity is a family of regional passenger trains which is manufactured by Spanish rolling stock manufacturer Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles. Available as both diesel, electric and battery-electric multiple unit, the Civity was first launched in 2010 and received its first order two years later.

As of 2023, 251 Civity units have been constructed, with a further 261 on order. The United Kingdom is the largest customer of the platform with a total of 216 units ordered.
Bilinear time–frequency distribution
Bilinear time–frequency distributions, or quadratic time–frequency distributions, arise in a sub-field of signal analysis and signal processing called time–frequency signal processing, and, in the statistical analysis of time series data. Such methods are used where one needs to deal with a situation where the frequency composition of a signal may be changing over time; this sub-field used to be called time–frequency signal analysis, and is now more often called time–frequency signal processing due to the progress in using these methods to a wide range of signal-processing problems.

Time–frequency representation
A time–frequency representation (TFR) is a view of a signal (taken to be a function of time) represented over both time and frequency. Time–frequency analysis means analysis into the time–frequency domain provided by a TFR. This is achieved by using a formulation often called "Time–Frequency Distribution", abbreviated as TFD.

TFRs are often complex-valued fields over time and frequency, where the modulus of the field represents either amplitude or "energy density" (the concentration of the root mean square over time and frequency), and the argument of the field represents phase.