hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Pollard (shipwright)
Thomas Pollard (1731 – November 1799) was an English shipwright who worked at Deptford, Sheerness, Portsmouth, Woolwich, Plymouth and Chatham Royal Dockyards during the course of his career. He was responsible for HMS Royal Sovereign which played a vital role in the Battle of Trafalgar.
Apprenticed  as a Shipwright to John  Rosewell of the notable Rosewell family at Deptford Dockyard in 1747 for a premium of £52. 10s 0d his father was recorded as being Robert Pollard.Apprentices were usually 16 years old at this time. National Archives ref(IR1 series)18f82 Britain county apprentices. It seems probable therefore that he was born during or before 1731

HMS Royal Sovereign (1786)
HMS Royal Sovereign was a 100-gun first-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, which served as the flagship of Admiral Collingwood at the Battle of Trafalgar. She was the third of seven Royal Navy ships to bear the name. She was launched at Plymouth Dockyard on 11 September 1786, at a cost of £67,458, and was the only ship built to her design. Because of the high number of Northumbrians on board the crew were known as the Tars of the Tyne.
Q59 (New York City bus)
The Grand Street Line is a public transit line in Brooklyn and Queens, New York City, running mostly along the continuous Grand Street and Grand Avenue between Williamsburg, Brooklyn and Maspeth, Queens. It then continues down Queens Boulevard to the 63rd Drive–Rego Park station. Originally a streetcar line, it is now the Q59 bus route, operated by the New York City Transit Authority between Williamsburg and Rego Park, Queens.

Brooklyn City Railroad
The Brooklyn City Railroad (BCRR) was the oldest and one of the largest operators of streetcars (horsecars and later trolleys) in the City of Brooklyn, New York, continuing in that role when Brooklyn became a borough of New York City in 1898.
Wawina, Minnesota
Wawina is an unincorporated community in Wawina Township, Itasca County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located between Grand Rapids and Floodwood at the junction of U.S. Highway 2 and Itasca County Road 25.

Nearby places include Floodwood, Swan River, Warba, Jacobson, and Goodland.

Wawina is located 13 miles northwest of Floodwood.  Wawina is also located 23 miles southeast of Grand Rapids; and 53 miles northwest of Duluth.  The boundary line between Itasca, Saint Louis, and Aitkin counties is nearby.

The community of Wawina is located within Wawina Township (population 77).

ZIP Codes 55736 (Floodwood) and 55784 (Swan River) meet at Wawina.

Itasca County, Minnesota
Itasca County (/aɪˈtæskə/ eye-TASS-kə) is a county located in the Iron Range region of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 45,014. Its county seat is Grand Rapids. The county is named after Lake Itasca, which is in turn a shortened version of the Latin words veritas caput, meaning 'truth' and 'head', a reference to the source of the Mississippi River. Portions of the Bois Forte and Leech Lake Indian reservations are in the county.
2024 Baltic Sea submarine cable disruptions
On 17–18 November 2024, two submarine telecommunication cables, the BCS East-West Interlink and C-Lion1 fibre-optic cables, were disrupted in the Baltic Sea. The incidents involving both cables occurred in close proximity to each other and near-simultaneously, which prompted accusations from European government officials and NATO member states of hybrid warfare and sabotage as the cause of the damage. Currently, the damage to those undersea cables has not been conclusively attributed to any specific party. Investigations are ongoing and since 19 November, the Chinese cargo ship Yi Peng 3 has been under scrutiny due to its presence near the cables at the time of the incidents. Western intelligence officials believe the ship's anchor may have caused the damage, either accidentally or under the influence of Russian intelligence.

Balticconnector
Balticconnector is a bi-directional natural gas pipeline between Ingå, Finland and Paldiski, Estonia operated by Gasgrid Finland and Elering. It connects the Estonian and Finnish gas grids, and provides Finland with access to the Inčukalns underground gas storage facility in Latvia.

The subsea pipeline and a nearby data cable were damaged in October 2023. The pipeline was repaired and began operation again after six months. The Chinese authorities reported that the anchor of the Hong Kong-flagged ship NewNew Polar Bear was responsible for breaking the pipeline. The Chinese authorities concluded it was an accident, while "both the Estonian and Finnish inquiries are ongoing."
Alan Tanner
Alan Tanner is a music video and short film director based in Los Angeles, California. Originally from Orange Park, Florida,  he directed the "weekly movies" for the Saddle Creek Records website. Tanner also played guitar for Saddle Creek recording artist Maria Taylor.

Maria Taylor (musician)
Maria Diane Taylor (born May 21, 1976) is an American singer-songwriter from Birmingham, Alabama.  She is also a member of the duo Azure Ray with Orenda Fink. Taylor plays several instruments, including the guitar, drums, and piano and has collaborated or performed with such artists as Bright Eyes, Phoebe Bridgers, Moby, Michael Stipe of R.E.M., Joshua Radin, and more.
Newry, Maine
Newry (/ˈnjʊəri/; from Irish An Iúraigh) is a resort town in Oxford County, Maine, United States.  The town’s year-round population was 411 at the 2020 census. The town is best known as the home of Sunday River Ski Resort and has a proportionately large seasonal (winter) population. Newry was also the site of one of Maine's worst Cold War aircraft crashes.

Sunday River (ski resort)
Sunday River is a ski resort in the northeastern United States, located in Newry, Maine, One of Maine's largest and most visited ski resorts, its vertical drop of 2,340 feet (713 m) is the second largest in Maine (after Sugarloaf) and the sixth largest in New England. Sunday River has the most terrain among the East Coast skiing destinations, including eight different peaks. The resort features 139 trails across eight interconnected mountain peaks, and is serviced by a network of 19 lifts.

Sunday River and its sister resort Sugarloaf have been operated by Boyne Resorts since being sold by American Skiing Company in 2007 for a combined $77 million. The resort's land has been owned by CNL Lifestyle, then Och-Ziff Capital Management, and leased back to Boyne.

In 2018, Boyne Resorts completed the purchase of all leased ski areas in New England from CNL Lifestyle.
Windsor (UK Parliament constituency)
Windsor (/ˈwɪnzə/) is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Jack Rankin of the Conservative Party. It is in both Berkshire and Surrey.

Windsor has had parliamentary representation for centuries, first sending a member of parliament in 1301. In 1918, the Windsor parliamentary borough was abolished and absorbed into the new Windsor county seat. The constituency was re-created for the 1997 general election after it was abolished following the 1970 general election and replaced by the Windsor and Maidenhead constituency.

Its settlements include Ascot, Datchet, Eton, Sunningdale, Windsor (its namesake), Wraysbury, Virginia Water, as well as Englefield Green.

Windsor, Berkshire
Windsor is a historic town in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead in Berkshire, England. It is the site of Windsor Castle, one of the official residences of the British monarch. The town is situated 21.8 miles (35.1 km) west of Charing Cross, central London, 5.8 miles (9.3 km) southeast of Maidenhead, and 15.8 miles (25.4 km) east of the modern county town of Reading. It is immediately south of the River Thames, which forms its boundary with its smaller, ancient twin town of Eton. The village of Old Windsor, just over 2 miles (3 km) to the south, predates what is now called Windsor by, possibly, 300 years. Until 1974, Windsor was correctly referred to as New Windsor to distinguish the two.
USM Annaba
Union Sportive Médinat d'Annaba (Arabic: الإتحاد الرياضي لمدينة عنابة), known as USM Annaba or simply USMAN for short, is an Algerian football club based in Annaba. It was founded in 1983 and its colours are red and white. Their home stadium, 19 May 1956 Stadium has a capacity of 55,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in Algerian Ligue 2.

Algerian League 2
The League 2 LNFA (Arabic: الرابطة الجزائرية الثانية لكرة القدم), also called League 2, formerly known as Ligue 2, Ligue Professionnelle 2 and Championnat National 2, is the second highest division overall in the Algerian football league system. Administered by the National Amateur Football League, it is contested by 32 clubs, divided into two groups with the two champions of each group promoted to Ligue Professionnelle 1 and the bottom 3 teams of each group relegated to the Interregional League. It was professional from 2010 to 2020.
Hilary Barry
Hilary Ann Barry (née Pankhurst, born 4 December 1969) is a New Zealand journalist and television personality who co-hosts Seven Sharp with Jeremy Wells on TVNZ 1. She was a newsreader on TV3 for many years and until 2016, presented the 6 pm Newshub show with Mike McRoberts. She also worked on the Paul Henry morning TV show since its launch, reading the news. Barry resigned from these roles in April 2016.

Newshub
Newshub (stylised as Newshub.) is a New Zealand news service that operated from 1989 to 2024 and served as the local news division of Warner Bros. Discovery New Zealand until its closure. The division, known as 3 News until 2016, had produced news bulletins and current affairs programming for the television channel Three from its inception. It also operated a news website and on radio stations run by MediaWorks between 2016 and 2021.

The Newshub brand was launched in February 2016 as part of the division's transition to digital journalism. MediaWorks sold Three and Newshub to US multimedia company Discovery, Inc., with the acquisition completed in December 2020.

On 28 February 2024, it was announced that Newshub would shut down on 5 July 2024. On 10 April 2024, the closure was confirmed by Warner Bros. Discovery, with Newshub winding down on 5 July 2024. Media company Stuff was commissioned to produce a new nightly bulletin, named ThreeNews.
Pratima (Jainism)
In Jainism, Pratima (Sanskrit: प्रतिमा) is a step or a stage marking the spiritual rise of a lay person (shravak). There are eleven such steps called pratima. After passing the eleven steps, one is no longer a sravaka, but a muni (monk).

Rules prescribed for laymen are divided into twelve vrata (vows) and eleven pratimas (steps) and are described in several codes of conduct (shravakacharas).

The pratimas are mentioned in several ancient texts like Uvasagadasao, Samavayanga Sutra, Jayadhavala, Ratnakaranda Shravakachara (2nd century A.D.).

Ratnakaranda śrāvakācāra
Ratnakaranda śrāvakācāra is a Jain text composed by Aacharya Samantbhadra Swamy (second century CE), an acharya of the Digambara sect of Jainism. Aacharya Samantbhadra Swamy was originally from Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu. Ratnakaranda śrāvakācāra is the earliest and one of the best-known śrāvakācāra.

A śrāvakācāra discusses the conduct of a Śrāvaka or Jain lay practitioner. Hiralal Shastri 
mentions 29 such texts from 2nd century CE to modern times.
Alonzo J. White (slave trader)
Alonzo James White (March 22, 1812 – July 1, 1885) was an American businessman and slave trader from Charleston, South Carolina who was known as a "notorious" and prolific auctioneer who oversaw the sales of thousands, if not tens of thousands, of slaves in his 30-year career in the American slave trade. He was also a partner in Jervey, Waring & White with Morton A. Waring.

Jervey, Waring & White
Jervey, Waring, & White was a slave auction and brokerage firm in Charleston, South Carolina, operating mainly in the 1830s through the 1850s, prior to the American Civil War. The partners facilitated what is believed to be the largest individual sale of enslaved people in U.S. history, one of them being Alonzo White.
USS Execute
USS Execute (AM-232) was an Admirable-class minesweeper built for the United States Navy during World War II. She was originally ordered and laid down as USS PCE-905, the lead ship of the PCE-905 class of patrol craft. She was reclassified as an Admirable-class minesweeper by the time of her June 1944 launch, and named Execute by the time of her November 1944 commissioning. After service in the Pacific during World War II, she was decommissioned in August 1946 and placed in reserve. While she remained in reserve, Execute was reclassified as MSF-232 in February 1955 but never reactivated. In 1962, she was sold to the Mexican Navy and renamed ARM DM-03. In 1994, she was renamed ARM General Juan N. Méndez (C51). She was stricken in July 2001, but her ultimate fate is not reported in secondary sources.

Admirable-class minesweeper
The Admirable class was one of the largest and most successful classes of minesweepers ordered by the United States Navy during World War II.  Typically, minesweepers detected and removed naval mines before the rest of the fleet arrived, thereby ensuring safe passage for the larger ships. They were also charged with anti-submarine warfare (ASW) duties with rear-mounted depth charge racks and a forward-firing Hedgehog antisubmarine mortar.  Their job was essential to the safety and success of U.S. naval operations during World War II and the Korean War. These minesweepers were also employed as patrol vessel and convoy escorts. The only remaining ship of this class is located at Freedom Park, Omaha, NE.

The PCE-842-class of patrol craft escorts was based on the Admirable-class design.
Chilbudius
Chilbudius or Chilbuldius (Greek: Χιλβούδιος, Khilboudios) was a Byzantine general, holding the rank of magister militum per Thracias in the early 530s. He was apparently killed in battle c. 533, but an impostor claimed his identity c. 545–546. The only source for both men is Procopius.

Magister militum
Magister militum (Latin for "master of soldiers"; pl.: magistri militum) was a top-level military command used in the late Roman Empire, dating from the reign of Constantine the Great. The term referred to the senior military officer (equivalent to a war theatre commander, the emperor remaining the supreme commander) of the empire. The office continued to exist and evolve during the early Byzantine Empire. In Greek sources, the term is translated either as strategos or as stratelates (although these terms were also used non-technically to refer to commanders of different ranks).
Everything I Have Is Yours (film)
Everything I Have Is Yours is a 1952 American Technicolor musical film directed by Robert Z. Leonard, starring Marge and Gower Champion, and Dennis O'Keefe. It was Marge and Gower Champion's first starring film. It was also writer George Wells' first time as producer.

Marge Champion
Marjorie Celeste Champion (née Belcher; September 2, 1919 – October 21, 2020) was an American dancer and actress. At fourteen, she was hired as a dance model for Walt Disney Studios animated films. Later, she performed as an actress and dancer in film musicals, and in 1957 had a television show based on song and dance. She also did creative choreography for liturgy, and served as a dialogue and movement coach for the 1978 TV miniseries, The Awakening Land, set in the late 18th century in the Ohio Valley.
St Salvator's College, St Andrews
56°20′29″N 2°47′41″W﻿ / ﻿56.341424°N 2.794658°W﻿ / 56.341424; -2.794658

St Salvator's College was a college of the University of St Andrews in St Andrews, Scotland. Founded in 1450, it is the oldest of the university's colleges. In 1747 it merged with St Leonard's College to form United College.

United College, St Andrews
The United College of St Salvator and St Leonard (commonly referred to as United College) is one of the two statutory colleges of the University of St Andrews in St Andrews, Scotland.  It was founded in 1747 by the merging of St Salvator's College and St Leonard's College when the university was in decline.

The college encompasses the Faculties of Arts, Medicine and Science.

The college no longer functions as an administrative body and its use is purely formal.  The other statutory college of the university is St Mary's College which encompasses the university's Faculty of Divinity. A third college, St Leonard's College, was re-established in 1972 as a non-statutory college, which encompasses postgraduate and postdoctoral students.
Bogliasco
Bogliasco (Ligurian: Boggiasco) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region Liguria, located about 11 kilometres (7 mi) southeast of Genoa. Together with the comuni of Camogli, Recco, Pieve Ligure and Sori, it is part of the so-called Golfo Paradiso. Economy is mostly based on tourism; agriculture include production of olives.

Bogliasco borders the following municipalities: Genoa, Pieve Ligure, and Sori.

Sori, Liguria
Sori (Ligurian: Söi) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the Italian region Liguria, located about 17 kilometres (11 mi) southeast of Genoa. Together with Camogli, Pieve Ligure, Bogliasco, and Recco, it is part of the so-called Golfo Paradiso in the Riviera di Levante. Its economy is based on tourism and production of olives.

The municipality of Sori contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Canepa, Capreno, Lago, Levà, Polanesi, San Bartolomeo di Busonengo, Sant’Apollinare, Sussisa, and Teriasca.

Sori borders the following municipalities: Avegno, Bargagli, Bogliasco, Genoa, Lumarzo, Pieve Ligure, Recco, and Uscio.
Komaram Bheem Asifabad district
Kumuram Bheem Asifabad district is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. The town of Asifabad is its district headquarters and kagaznagar as its largest town. It is named after Gond tribal leader Kumuram Bheem.Kumuram bheem asifabad district is located northern parts of state.The district share boundaries with Adilabad, Nirmal, Mancherial districts and with the state boundary of Maharashtra. It is the second most backward district in India, according to the 2018 NITI Aayog ranking.

Komaram Bheem
Komaram Bheem (1901–1940), alternatively Kumram Bheem, was a revolutionary leader in Hyderabad State of British Raj from the Gond tribes. Bheem, in association with other Gond leaders, led a protracted low intensity rebellion against the feudal Nizams of Hyderabad in the eastern part of the princely state during the 1930s, which contributed in the culmination of the Telangana Rebellion of 1946.

He was killed by armed policemen in 1940, subsequently lionised as a symbol of rebellion, and eulogised in Adivasi and Telugu folklore. Bheem is deified as a pen in Gond culture and is credited for coining the slogan Jal, Jangal, Zameen (transl. Water, Forest, Land) which, symbolising a sentiment against encroachment and exploitation, has been adopted by Adivasi movements as a call to action. He is also associated with the early part of the movement for Telangana statehood.
James Gibbons
James Gibbons (July 23, 1834 – March 24, 1921) was an American Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Baltimore for more than forty years, from 1877 until his death in 1921. Created a cardinal in 1886, he was the second American cardinal, after John McCloskey.

Ordained a bishop at age 34, Gibbons previously served as Apostolic Vicar of North Carolina (1868–1872) and Bishop of Richmond (1872–1877). In 1876, he published the apologetic book The Faith of Our Fathers, which became a best-selling work. During his time as Baltimore's archbishop, Gibbons became one of the most recognizable Catholic figures in the country. He defended the rights of organized labor and advocated for Americanism as a means of assimilation.

Diocese of Richmond
The Diocese of Richmond (Latin: Diœcesis Richmondiensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Virginia in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Baltimore.

The diocese's current bishop is Barry C. Knestout, who was appointed by Pope Francis on December 5, 2017.
St. Michael's Episcopal Church (Birdsboro, Pennsylvania)
St. Michael's Episcopal Church, Parish House and Rectory is a group of architecturally-significant religious buildings located at 200-216 North Mill Street in Birdsboro, Berks County, Pennsylvania. It was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Prior to the 2003 removal of its stained-glass windows, pipe organ, and interior furnishings, the building was considered the most unaltered of Victorian architect Frank Furness's churches. The property was sold in 2005, and is now the New First Baptist Church of Birdsboro.

Frank Furness
Frank Heyling Furness (November 12, 1839 – June 27, 1912) was an American architect of the Victorian era. He designed more than 600 buildings, most in the Philadelphia area, and is remembered for his diverse, muscular, often inordinately scaled buildings, and for his influence on the Chicago-based architect Louis Sullivan. Furness also received a Medal of Honor for bravery during the Civil War. He worked with custom furniture maker Daniel Pabst.

The son of abolitionist William Henry Furness, Shakespearean scholar Horace Howard Furness was his brother. Toward the end of his life, his bold style fell out of fashion, and many of his significant works were demolished in the 20th century. Among his most important surviving buildings are the University of Pennsylvania Library, now the Fisher Fine Arts Library, the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, and the First Unitarian Church of Philadelphia, all in Philadelphia, and the Baldwin School Residence Hall in Bryn Mawr.
South Core, Toronto
South Core is a neighbourhood located in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The South Core occupies the eastern portions of the Railway Lands. The remodeling and restoration of Union Station and the construction of a new wave of business and condominium towers is central to this area's forecast growth.

Forecasters expect the downtown population to grow 80 per cent to 130,000 by 2031. With the financial district just to the north and the new high-rise South Core on the other side, Union is right at the centre.

Love Park is a new two-acres park in the area formerly site of York-Bay ramps that were removed to make room for the park.

Southcore Financial Centre
The Southcore Financial Centre (SFC) is a building located in 120 Bremner Blvd, Downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The building is central to the redevelopment of the area in a new neighborhood known simply as South Core. The SFC is composed of two towers (PwC Tower and Bremner Tower) totaling 1.4 million square feet. The building is managed by QuadReal Property Group and is connected to Union Station, Go Train, UP Express, the Metro Toronto Convention Centre, Rogers Centre, and Scotiabank Arena.

In October 2013, Delta Hotels announced a new flagship hotel central to South Core.
Bernstein's problem
In differential geometry, Bernstein's problem is as follows: if the graph of a function on Rn−1 is a minimal surface in Rn, does this imply that the function is linear? 
This is true for n at most 8, but false for n at least 9.  The problem is named for Sergei Natanovich Bernstein who solved the case n = 3 in 1914.

Sergei Bernstein
Sergei Natanovich Bernstein (Ukrainian: Сергі́й Ната́нович Бернште́йн, sometimes Romanized as Bernshtein; 5 March 1880 – 26 October 1968) was a Ukrainian and Soviet mathematician of Jewish origin known for contributions to partial differential equations, differential geometry, probability theory, and approximation theory.