hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ellicott City, Maryland
Ellicott City (/ˈɛlɪkət/ EL-ih-kət) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in, and the county seat of, Howard County, Maryland, United States. Part of the Baltimore metropolitan area, its population was 75,947 at the 2020 census, making it the most populous unincorporated county seat in the United States.

Ellicott City's historic downtown – the Ellicott City Historic District – lies in the valleys of the Tiber and Patapsco rivers. The historic district includes the Ellicott City Station; it is the oldest surviving train station in the United States, having been built in 1830 as the first terminus of the original B&O Railroad line. The historic district of the town is often called "Historic Ellicott City" or "Old Ellicott City" to distinguish it from the surrounding suburbs that extend south to Columbia and west to West Friendship.

Baltimore and Ohio Ellicott City Station Museum
The Baltimore and Ohio Ellicott City Station Museum in Ellicott City, Maryland, is the oldest remaining passenger railway station in the United States, and one of the oldest in the world. It was built in 1830 as the terminus of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad line from Baltimore to the town then called Ellicott's Mills, and a facility to service steam locomotives at the end of the 13-mile (21 km) run. The station, a National Historic Landmark, is now used as a museum.
Bibeksheel Sajha Party
The Bibeksheel Sajha Party (Nepali: विवेकशील साझा पार्टी) was a political party in Nepal. It was the sixth largest party of Nepal by popular vote after 2017 Nepalese general election and the fifth largest party in Bagmati provincial assembly. The party later faced existential crisis after Rabindra Mishra merged party with Rastriya Prajatantra Party and leftover could manage only 4,049 votes nationwide. The party's faction led by Samikchya Baskota and Ranju Darsana later merged into Rastriya Swatantra Party. In an after math, former chairman Milan Pandey led group abstained from merger process with Rastriya Swatantra Party and said this was not the end of alternative politics.

Rastriya Prajatantra Party
The Rastriya Prajatantra Party (Nepali pronunciation: [rasʈrijʌ prʌˈd͡zatʌntrʌ ˈpa(r)ʈi]; Nepali: राष्ट्रिय प्रजातन्त्र पार्टी, lit. 'National Democratic Party'; abbr. RPP, RaPraPa (Nepali: राप्रपा)) is a constitutional monarchist and Hindu nationalist political party in Nepal.

The party was formed by Panchayat era prime ministers Surya Bahadur Thapa and Lokendra Bahadur Chand in 1990. The party led two coalition governments in 1997 under Thapa and Chand. The two were also appointed prime minister by King Gyanendra in the 2000s; Chand in 2002 and Thapa in 2003.

Rajendra Prasad Lingden is currently serving as party chairman after being elected at the party's general convention in December 2021. Rastriya Prajatantra Party is currently the fifth-largest political party in the House of Representatives after winning 14 seats at the 2022 general election and is one of seven national parties recognized by the Election Commission.
Vedic Sanskrit
Vedic Sanskrit, also simply referred as the Vedic language, is the earliest attested form of the Sanskrit and Prakrit languages: members of the Indo-Aryan subgroup of the Indo-European language family. It is attested in the Vedas and related literature compiled over the period of the mid-2nd to mid-1st millennium BCE. It is orally preserved, predating the local advent of writing by several centuries.

Extensive ancient literature in the Vedic Sanskrit language has survived into the modern era, and this has been a major source of information for reconstructing Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Indo-Iranian history.

Prakrit
Prakrit (/ˈprɑːkrɪt/ PRAH-krit) is a group of vernacular classical Middle Indo-Aryan languages that were used in the Indian subcontinent from around the 5th century BCE to the 12th century CE. The term Prakrit is usually applied to the middle period of the Middle Indo-Aryan languages, excluding Pali.

The oldest stage of Middle Indo-Aryan language is attested in the inscriptions of Ashoka (c. 260 BCE), as well as in the earliest forms of Pāli, the language of the Theravāda Buddhist canon. The most prominent form of Prakrit is Ardhamāgadhı̄, associated with the ancient kingdom of Magadha, in modern Bihar, and the subsequent Mauryan Empire. Mahāvīra, the 24th and last Tīrthaṅkara of Jainism, was born in Magadha, and the earliest Jain texts were composed in Ardhamāgadhı̄.
Batteriekopf
The Batteriekopf is a peak in the Vosges Mountains, reaching an altitude of 1,311 meters. This mountain borders the Route des Crêtes and is located immediately south of the Rothenbachkopf, spanning the municipalities of Wildenstein and Metzeral.

Vosges
The Vosges (/voʊʒ/ VOHZH, French: [voʒ] ⓘ; German: Vogesen [voˈɡeːzn̩] ⓘ; Franconian and Alemannic German: Vogese) is a range of medium mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single geomorphological unit and low mountain range of around 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi) in area. It runs in a north-northeast direction from the Burgundian Gate (the Belfort–Ronchamp–Lure line) to the Börrstadt Basin (the Winnweiler–Börrstadt–Göllheim line), and forms the western boundary of the Upper Rhine Plain.

The Grand Ballon is the highest peak at 1,424 m (4,672 ft), followed by the Storkenkopf (1,366 m, 4,482 ft), and the Hohneck (1,364 m, 4,475 ft).
Steve Kornacki
Stephan Joseph Kornacki Jr. (born August 22, 1979) is an American political journalist, writer, and television presenter. Kornacki is a national political correspondent for NBC News. He has written articles for Salon, The New York Observer, The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, New York Daily News, New York Post, The Boston Globe, and The Daily Beast. Kornacki was the multimedia anchor for much of MSNBC's The Place for Politics campaign coverage, having led the network's analysis of voting results for Election Day in the United States from 2014 to 2024.

The New York Observer
The New York Observer was a weekly newspaper established in 1987. In 2016, it ceased print publication and became the online-only newspaper Observer. The media site focuses on culture, real estate, media, politics and the entertainment and publishing industries.
Transformed cladistics
Transformed cladistics, also known as pattern cladistics is an epistemological approach to the cladistic method of phylogenetic inference and classification that makes no a priori assumptions about common ancestry. It was advocated by Norman Platnick, Colin Patterson, Ronald Brady and others in the 1980s, but has few modern proponents. The book, Foundations of Systematics and Biogeography by David Williams and Malte Ebach provides a thoughtful history of the origins of this point of view.

Colin Patterson (biologist)
Colin Patterson FRS (1933–1998), was a British palaeontologist at the Natural History Museum in London from 1962 to his official retirement in 1993 who specialised in fossil fish and systematics, advocating the transformed cladistics school.
K. P. Sharma Oli
Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli (born 22 February 1952) is a Nepalese politician who served as the 38th prime minister of Nepal. He is the chairman of the CPN (UML) since 2014. Oli was Member of Parliament from 2017 to 2025. Oli's tenure in office has been controversial for frequent use of tongue-in-cheek remarks, hostility towards critics and the media, and accusations of fostering cronyism, corruption, nepotism and racism. After his government killed students during the anti-corruption Gen Z protests, he was overthrown from his post in government.

Oli opposed the 2015 blockade of Nepal by India. He strengthened relations with China as an alternative to Nepal's traditionally close trade ties with India.

Madan Bhandari
Nepal Ratna Madan Kumar Bhandari (Nepali: मदन कुमार भण्डारी) (27 June 1951 – 17 May 1993), commonly known as Madan Bhandari, was a Nepali political leader. He was elected as the Secretary General of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist), which fought for multiparty democracy and basic human rights in Nepal. His popularity soared after he defeated the incumbent Prime Minister Krishna Prasad Bhattarai in the 1991 general election. Known for his oratory and ability to connect with the people, Bhandari's most fundamental contribution was his thought, known as   "People's Multiparty Democracy" (Nepali: जनताको बहुदलीय जनवाद). He is widely credited for advancing Nepal's communist movement to a much greater height together with playing a central role in the popular movement of 1990, which restored democracy and basic human rights in the Nepal after thirty years of the King's direct rule. He died in a jeep accident in Dasdhunga, Chitwan, in 1993.
Little Chenier
Little Chenier is a 2006 American drama film directed by Bethany Ashton Wolf and written by Jace Johnson and Wolf. It is set in the bayous of Louisiana, and stars Johnathon Schaech, Frederick Koehler, Tamara Braun, Jeremy Davidson, Clifton Collins Jr., and Chris Mulkey. The film completed principal photography in Louisiana in August 2005, just days before Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita hit all of the areas they had filmed in. Wolf and Johnson, devastated for the Cajun communities of Southwest Louisiana, were grateful that they could at least give them all this film, celebrating the memory of their land, its beauty and their way of life. Little Chenier premiered at the Austin Film Festival on October 20, 2006 to a standing ovation, filled with Cajuns, Southerners, and Louisianans. It continued on the festival circuit through 2007, winning 10 Best Picture Awards. It was released January 18, 2008 to a successful theatrical run by Radio London Films, then on DVD July 8, 2008.

Bethany Ashton Wolf
Bethany Ashton Wolf is an American film director and screenwriter.

Wolf is the writer and director of  Forever My Girl (2018), and was one of the writers of Don's Plum, a film starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Tobey Maguire which was prevented from being released in the United States due to litigation.
Cuisine of New Orleans
The cuisine of New Orleans encompasses common dishes and foods in New Orleans, Louisiana. It is perhaps the most distinctively recognized regional cuisine in the United States. Some of the dishes originated in New Orleans, while others are common and popular in the city and surrounding areas, such as the Mississippi River Delta and southern Louisiana. The cuisine of New Orleans is heavily influenced by Creole cuisine, Cajun cuisine, and soul food. Later on, due to immigration, Italian cuisine and Sicilian cuisine also has some influence on the cuisine of New Orleans. Seafood also plays a prominent part in the cuisine. Dishes invented in New Orleans include po' boy and muffuletta sandwiches, oysters Rockefeller and oysters Bienville, pompano en papillote, and bananas Foster, among others.

Bananas Foster
Bananas Foster is an American dessert made from bananas, with a sauce made from butter, brown sugar, cinnamon, dark rum, and banana liqueur. The butter, sugar and bananas are cooked, and then alcohol is added and ignited. The bananas and sauce are then often served over vanilla ice cream. Popular toppings also include whipped cream and different types of nuts (pecans, walnuts, etc.).  The dish is often prepared tableside as a flambé.
Rhonda Rajsich
Rhonda Rajsich (born October 7, 1978) is an American racquetball player. She has been World Champion in Women's Singles twice, and Pan American Champion 6 times (4 times in Women's Singles & twice in Women's Doubles), as well as US Open champion four times. Rajsich was the #1 player on the Ladies Professional Racquetball Tour season ending rankings four times – three straight seasons from 2005–06 to 2007-08 and then again in 2010–11. She is of Serbian descent.

Racquetball
Racquetball is a racquet sport and a team sport played with a hollow rubber ball on an indoor or outdoor court. Joseph Sobek invented the modern sport of racquetball in 1950, adding a stringed racquet to paddleball in order to increase velocity and control. Unlike most racquet sports, such as tennis and badminton, there is no net to hit the ball over, and, unlike squash, no tin (out of bounds area at the bottom of front wall) to hit the ball above. Also, the court's walls, floor, and ceiling are legal playing surfaces, with the exception of court-specific designated hinders being out-of-bounds. Racquetball is played between various players on a team who try to bounce the ball with the racquet onto the ground so it hits the wall, so that an opposing team's player cannot bounce it back to the wall.

The sport is similar to 40×20 American handball, which is played in many countries. It is also similar to the British sport Squash 57, which was called racketball before 2016.
Marshall D. Shulman
Marshall Darrow Shulman (1916 - June 21, 2007) was an American diplomat, scholar of Soviet studies and the founding director of W. Averell Harriman Institute for Advanced Study of the Soviet Union at Columbia University.

Born in Jersey City, New Jersey, Shulman earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Michigan, a graduate degree in English literature from Harvard University, and a master's degree from Columbia University's Russian Institute.

He served as an information officer for the US mission to the United Nations, as special assistant to Dean Acheson, and as special adviser on Soviet affairs to Secretary of State Cyrus R. Vance. He was also an associate director of the Russian Research Center at Harvard University.

Harriman Institute
The Harriman Institute, the first academic center in the United States devoted to the interdisciplinary study of Russia and the Soviet Union, was founded at Columbia University in 1946, with the support of the Rockefeller Foundation, as the Russian Institute.
Wretch (album)
Wretch is the first full-length album by American rock band Kyuss, released in September 1991. The tracks "Black Widow" and "Deadly Kiss" are taken from the band's debut EP, Sons of Kyuss (1990), recorded with original bassist Chris Cockrell, while the rest of the album was recorded with his replacement Nick Oliveri. The Sons of Kyuss songs "Love Has Passed Me By", "Katzenjammer", and "Isolation Desolation" were re-recorded for Wretch, the latter's title shortened to "Isolation".

Kyuss
Kyuss (/ˈkaɪəs/ KY-əs) was an American stoner rock band formed in Palm Desert, California in 1987. They are considered one of the pioneers of the genre. After disbanding in 1995, a number of band members have gone on to form or play in several notable bands including Queens of the Stone Age, Screaming Trees, Fu Manchu, Dwarves, Eagles of Death Metal, Mondo Generator, Hermano, Unida, Slo Burn and Them Crooked Vultures.

In November 2010, three former members of the band (minus Homme, who declined to participate) reunited under the adapted moniker "Kyuss Lives!" for a world tour with plans to record a new album. A federal lawsuit subsequently filed by Homme resulted in Oliveri leaving the band in March 2012. Five months later, a court ruled that Garcia and Bjork were not allowed to release audio recordings under the Kyuss Lives! moniker. As a result, they changed their name to Vista Chino.
Numedal
Numedal (Norwegian: [ˈnʉ̀ːmədɑːɫ]) is a valley and a traditional district in Eastern Norway located within the county of Buskerud. It traditionally includes the municipalities Flesberg, Nore og Uvdal and Rollag. Administratively, it now also includes Kongsberg.

Flesberg
Flesberg is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Numedal.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Lampeland.

The economy of Flesberg is dominated by forestry and agriculture, as well as the cluster of high-tech industries in neighbouring Kongsberg.
Central Legislative Assembly
The Central Legislative Assembly was the lower house of the Indian Legislature, the legislature of British India. It was created by the Government of India Act 1919, implementing the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms. It was also sometimes called the Indian Legislative Assembly and the Imperial Legislative Assembly. The Council of State was the upper house of the legislature for India.

As a result of Indian independence, the Legislative Assembly was dissolved on 14 August 1947 and its place taken by the Constituent Assembly of India and the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan including East Bengal (modern-day Bangladesh).

Council of State (India)
The Council of State was the upper house of the legislature for British India (the Imperial Legislative Council) created by the Government of India Act 1919 from the old Imperial Legislative Council, implementing the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms. The Central Legislative Assembly was the lower house.

As a result of Indian independence, the Council of State was dissolved on 14 August 1947 and its place taken by the Constituent Assembly of India and the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan.

The Council of State used to meet at the Metcalfe House. The Viceroy or Governor-General was its ex officio President.
Saubhagyabhai
Pujyashri Saubhagyabhai (1823–1896) born in Sayla, Saurashtra was one of the foremost devotees of Shrimad Rajchandra. Saubhagyabhai was 67 years old when he first met Shrimad. Though Shrimad was 44 years younger than him, he declared Shrimad as his Guru and is considered as Shrimad Rajchandra's divine soulmate. The great scripture, Atmasiddhi Shastra was composed by Shrimad Rajchandra upon the request of Saubhagyabhai in 1896.

Atma Siddhi
Atma Siddhi Shastra (Gujarati: આત્મસિદ્ધિ) is a spiritual treatise in verse, composed in Gujarati by the nineteenth century Jain saint, philosopher poet Shrimad Rajchandra (1867–1901). Atma according to Jainism means "soul" or the "self" and "siddhi" means "attainment". Hence, Atma Siddhi is translated as self attainment or self realization. It is a composition of 142 verses in Gujarati, explaining the fundamental philosophical truths about the soul and its liberation. It propounds six fundamental truths on soul which are also known as satapada (six steps).

The author, Shrimad Rajchandra, lays special emphasis on right perception (samyaktva), self-efforts and a true teacher's guidance on the path to self-realisation. Although it is in poetry form, it is also known as Atma-siddhi Shastra as it enjoys a near-canonical status amongst the followers of Shrimad Rajchandra.
Shinui
Shinui (Hebrew: שִׁינּוּי, lit. 'Change') was a Zionist, secular, and anti-clerical free market liberal party and political movement in Israel. The party twice became the third-largest in the Knesset, but both occasions were followed by a split and collapse; in 1977, the party won 15 seats as part of the Democratic Movement for Change, but the alliance split in 1978, and Shinui was reduced to two seats at the next elections. In 2003, the party won 15 seats alone, but lost them all three years later after most of its MKs left to form new parties. The party was a member of Liberal International until 2009.

Though it had been the standard-bearer of economic liberalism and secularism in Israel for 30 years, the formation of Kadima robbed Shinui of its natural constituency, and in January 2006 the party split into small factions, none of which managed to overcome the 2% threshold needed to enter the Knesset.

Democratic Movement for Change
The Democratic Movement for Change (Hebrew: תְּנוּעָה דֶּמוֹקְרָטִית לְשִׁינּוּי, Tnu'a Demokratit LeShinui), commonly known by its Hebrew abbreviation Dash (Hebrew: ד״ש), was a liberal and Zionist political party in Israel. Formed in 1976 by a group that included several prominent public figures who were not career politicians, it was regarded as a centrist party. Although it achieved initial electoral success, it was dissolved in 1978 after two years of activity.
VM (operating system)
VM, often written VM/CMS, is a family of virtual machine operating systems used on IBM mainframes including the System/370, System/390, IBM Z and compatible systems. It replaced the older CP-67 that formed the basis of the CP/CMS operating system. It was first released as the free Virtual Machine Facility/370 for the S/370 in 1972, followed by chargeable upgrades and versions that added support for new hardware.

VM creates virtual machines into which a conventional operating system may be loaded to allow user programs to run. Originally, that operating system was CMS, a simple single-user system similar to DOS. VM can also be used with a number of other IBM operating systems, including large systems like MVS or VSE, which are often run on their own without VM. In other cases, VM is used with a more specialized operating system or even programs that provided many OS features. These include RSCS and MUMPS, among others.

IBM mainframe
IBM mainframes are large computer systems produced by IBM since 1952. During the 1960s and 1970s, IBM dominated the computer market with the 7000 series and the later System/360, followed by the System/370. Current mainframe computers in IBM's line of business computers are developments of the basic design of the System/360.
Mandurah canals
The Mandurah canals are a network of small artificial waterways in residential parts of the City of Mandurah and the Shire of Murray in the Peel region of Western Australia.

The canals consist of several estates in Mandurah, Halls Head, and Dudley Park connecting to the Mandurah estuary, Wannanup connecting to the Dawesville Channel, and estates in South Yunderup which connect to the Peel Inlet and the Murray River.

South Yunderup, Western Australia
South Yunderup is a township near Mandurah, Western Australia, located on the south bank of the Murray River within the Shire of Murray. Its postcode is 6208, and in the 2011 Census, it had a population of 2,235 with a median age of 50. South Yunderup is also the second-largest township in the Shire of Murray after the main town, Pinjarra.
Rodger Page
Rodger Clarence George Page (17 October 1878 – 2 July 1965) was an Australian missionary and religious leader in Tonga. He was royal chaplain and advisor to Queen Sālote for over 20 years and a long-serving president of the Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga, the de facto state church.

Page was born in Grafton, New South Wales. He trained for the Methodist ministry in Sydney and was posted to Tonga in 1908. He played a key role in the 1924 reunification of the Methodist churches in Tonga and served as president of the Free Wesleyan Church from 1925 to 1946. As royal chaplain to Sālote, Page was an influential advisor on both personal and political matters and was viewed by some as a power behind the throne. He retired to Sydney but continued to visit Tonga regularly, with his ashes being returned to Tonga after his death for interment in a royal burial ground.

Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga
The Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga (FWCT; Tongan: Siasi Uēsiliana Tau‘atāina ‘o Tonga) is a Methodist denomination in Tonga. It is the largest Christian denomination in the nation and has close ties with the Monarch. It has its roots in the arrival of the first missionaries from the London Missionary Society and the ministry of the Wesleyan Methodist Mission Society, the latter of which cemented its Methodist identity.

The Tongan Royal Family has had a close relationship with the denomination since the arrival of Christianity on the island, and many of them have been prominent members; thus, with these factors, the FWCT can be considered a de facto state church.