hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Clergy Corporation
The Clergy Corporation, or the Clergy Reserve Corporation of Upper Canada, existed to oversee, manage and lease the Clergy reserves of Upper Canada, a large amount of land in Upper Canada that had been put aside for the Anglican and later Protestant churches. The main operations of the corporation were to collect rents on these lands, receive petitions, answer inquiries and settle all disputes arising from the clergy land.

There was similarly a Clergy Corporation of Lower Canada.

Clergy reserve
Clergy reserves were tracts of land in Upper Canada and Lower Canada reserved for the support of "Protestant clergy" by the Constitutional Act 1791. One-seventh of all surveyed Crown lands were set aside, totaling 2,395,687 acres (9,695 km2) and 934,052 acres (3,780 km2) respectively for each province, and provision was made to dedicate some of those reserved lands as glebe land in support of any parsonage or rectory that may be established by the Church of England. The provincial legislatures could vary or repeal these provisions, but royal assent could not be given before such passed bills having been laid before both houses of the British Parliament for at least thirty days.
Pemba Tamang
Pemba Tamang (born 11 March 1980) is an Indian sport shooter. He won the gold medal in the Men's 25 metre rapid fire pistol (Pairs) with Vijay Kumar and the silver medal in the Men's 25 metre rapid fire pistol at the 2006 Commonwealth Games.

The Indian trio of Pemba Tamang, Vijay Kumar and Gurpreet Singh won the silver medal in the 25m centre fire event at the 2014 Asian Games, held at Incheon, South Korea. The team scored a total of 1740, two behind gold medalists China.

Vijay Kumar (sport shooter)
Honorary Captain Vijay Kumar Sharma, AVSM, SM (born 19 August 1985) is an Indian sport shooter. He won the silver medal in the individual 25 metre rapid fire pistol event at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Kumar hails from Barsar village of Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh and is a retired Subedar Major (Warrant Officer Class I) in the Dogra Regiment (16th Battalion) Indian Army, who was later promoted to Honorary Captain Rank. Vijay Kumar is supported by the Olympic Gold Quest initiative. He is the only Indian to have won an Olympic medal at 25m rapid Fire Pistol . He has been posted at Indian Army Marksmanship Unit (AMU) Mhow since 2003 until retirement, where he was coached by the Russian Pavel Smirnov.
Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington
Kathleen Agnes Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington (née Kennedy; February 20, 1920 – May 13, 1948), also known as "Kick" Kennedy, was an American socialite. She was the second daughter of Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. and Rose Fitzgerald, a sister of U.S. President John F. Kennedy and Senators Robert F. Kennedy and Ted Kennedy, and the wife of the Marquess of Hartington, heir apparent to the 10th Duke of Devonshire.

When her father was serving as U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom, Kathleen made many friends in London and was the "debutante of 1938". Working with the Red Cross, she began a romantic relationship with Lord Hartington, whom she married in May 1944. He was killed on active service in Belgium only four months later. Kathleen died in a plane crash in 1948, flying to the south of France while on vacation with her new partner, the 8th Earl Fitzwilliam.

Peter Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 8th Earl Fitzwilliam
William Henry Lawrence Peter Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 8th Earl Fitzwilliam, DSO (31 December 1910 – 13 May 1948), styled Viscount Milton before 1943, was a British soldier, nobleman, and peer, with a seat in the House of Lords.
Kernel (linear algebra)
In mathematics, the kernel of a linear map, also known as the null space or nullspace, is the part of the domain which is mapped to the zero vector of the co-domain; the kernel is always a linear subspace of the domain. That is, given a linear map L : V → W between two vector spaces V and W, the kernel of L is the vector space of all elements v of V such that L(v) = 0, where 0 denotes the zero vector in W, or more symbolically:

Linear subspace
In mathematics, and more specifically in linear algebra, a linear subspace or vector subspace is a vector space that is a subset of some larger vector space. A linear subspace is usually simply called a subspace when the context serves to distinguish it from other types of subspaces.
Thomas Dinger
Thomas Dinger (28 October 1952 — 9 April 2002) was a German drummer, singer and songwriter who was active in solo pursuits in addition to having been a member of Neu! and La Düsseldorf, both with his brother Klaus Dinger, and 1-A Düsseldorf.

Klaus Dinger
Klaus Dinger (24 March 1946 – 21 March 2008) was a German musician and songwriter most famous for his contributions to the seminal krautrock band Neu!. He was also the guitarist and chief songwriter of new wave group La Düsseldorf and briefly the percussionist of Kraftwerk.
Rebirth of Mothra
Rebirth of Mothra (モスラ, Mosura; released in Japan simply as Mothra) is a 1996 Japanese kaiju film directed by Okihiro Yoneda, with special effects by Kōichi Kawakita. Produced and distributed by Toho Co., Ltd, the film serves as a reboot for the fictional giant monster character Mothra, and is the first installment in the Rebirth of Mothra trilogy. It was the final kaiju film produced under the supervision of Tomoyuki Tanaka, who produced such films as the original Mothra, which was released in 1961, as well as every film in the Godzilla franchise up to this point. He died of a stroke several months after the film's release.

Rebirth of Mothra stars Sayaka Yamaguchi, Megumi Kobayashi, Aki Hano, and Kazuki Futami. It was released theatrically in Japan on December 14, 1996. It was followed in 1997 by Rebirth of Mothra II.

Rebirth of Mothra II
Rebirth of Mothra II (モスラ2 海底の大決戦, Mosura Tsū Kaitei no Daikessen; released in Japan as Mothra 2: The Battle Under the Deep Sea) is a 1997 Japanese kaiju film directed by Kunio Miyoshi, written by Masumi Suetani, and produced by Hiroaki Kitayama and Shōgo Tomiyama. Produced by Toho Pictures and distributed by Toho, the film features the fictional monster character Mothra, and is the second film in the Rebirth of Mothra trilogy, following the previous year's Rebirth of Mothra.

Rebirth of Mothra II stars Sayaka Yamaguchi, Megumi Kobayashi, Aki Hano, and Hikari Mitsushima, and was the final tokusatsu film to feature special effects directed by Koichi Kawakita. The film was released in Japan on December 13, 1997.

It was followed by Rebirth of Mothra III (1998).
Colocasia
Colocasia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae, native to Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent. Some species are widely cultivated and naturalized in other tropical and subtropical regions. The species C. esculenta (taro) is invasive in wetlands along the Gulf Coast of the United States, where it threatens to displace native wetland plants.

The names elephant ear and cocoyam are also used for some other large-leaved genera in the Araceae, notably Xanthosoma and Caladium.

Taro
Taro (/ˈtɑːroʊ, ˈtær-/; Colocasia esculenta) is a root vegetable. It is the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the family Araceae that are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, stems and petioles. Taro corms are a food staple in African, Caribbean, Oceanian, East Asian, Southeast Asian and South Asian cultures (similar to yams).
Mausoleum of Kara Koyunlu emirs
The Mausoleum of Kara Koyunlu emirs (Armenian: Կարա-Կոյունլուների դամբարան) is a 15th-century mausoleum located in the village of Argavand, Ararat Province, on the outskirts of the Armenian capital Yerevan. It was erected in 1413 by a local ruler, Pir Husayn, most likely over the grave of his father Saad, during the rule of the Qara Qoyunlu, a Turkoman dynasty which ruled over Armenia, most of Iran, and other lands in the 15th century. The site is thought to have served as the dynastic cemetery of Emir Saad or his successors.

Qara Qoyunlu
The Qara Qoyunlu or Kara Koyunlu (Azerbaijani: Qaraqoyunlular, قاراقویونلولار‎; Persian: قره قویونلو), also known as the Black Sheep Turkomans, were a culturally Persianate, Muslim Turkoman monarchy that ruled over the territory comprising present-day Azerbaijan, Armenia, northwestern Iran, eastern Turkey, and northeastern Iraq from about 1374 to 1468.
St Anne's College, Oxford
St Anne's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. It was founded in 1879 and gained full college status in 1959. Originally a women's college, it has admitted men since 1979. It has some 450 undergraduate and 200 graduate students and retains an original aim of allowing women of any financial background to study at Oxford. It still has a student base with a higher than average proportion of female students. The college stands between Woodstock and Banbury roads, next to the University Parks.

In April 2017, Helen King, a retired Metropolitan Police Assistant Commissioner, took over as Principal from Tim Gardam. Former members include Danny Alexander, Edwina Currie, Ruth Deech, Helen Fielding, William MacAskill, Amanda Pritchard, Simon Rattle, Tina Brown, Mr Hudson and Victor Ubogu.

Woodstock Road, Oxford
Woodstock Road is a major road in Oxford, England, running from St Giles' in the south, north towards Woodstock through the leafy suburb of North Oxford. To the east is Banbury Road, which it meets at the junction with St Giles'.
Wooden Classic
The John R. Wooden Classic was an annual college basketball event hosted by the Honda Center in Anaheim, California. Named after coach John Wooden, the event was founded in 1994 and featured a December neutral-site doubleheader until its final two editions, which were single games.

The event was merged in 2013 with the DirecTV Classic, an eight-team, three-day tournament, to form a new event, the Wooden Legacy (now Vegas Showdown).

DirecTV Classic
The DirecTV Classic was an eight-team college basketball tournament held during Thanksgiving week at the Anaheim Convention Center in Anaheim, California. The tournament began in 2007, and was owned and operated by ESPN Regional Television.  Games were televised on ESPN2 and ESPNU.  Until 2012, it was known as the "76 Classic"; ConocoPhillips's 76 chain owned the naming rights to the tournament. DirecTV sponsored the 2012 tournament.  In 2013, the event merged with the Wooden Classic to form a new event, the Wooden Legacy.
Office of Inspector General, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
The Office of Inspector General (OIG) for the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is responsible for oversight of the United States Department of Health and Human Service's approximately $2.4 trillion portfolio of programs. Approximately 1,650 auditors, investigators, and evaluators, supplemented by staff with expertise in law, technology, cybersecurity, data analytics, statistics, medicine, economics, health policy, and management and administration. Based on Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey scores, OIG has been ranked the best place to work (number 1) in HHS for 5 consecutive years by the Partnership for Public Service.

Office of Inspector General (United States)
In the United States, Office of Inspector General (OIG) is a generic term for the oversight division of a federal or state agency aimed at preventing inefficient or unlawful operations within their parent agency. Such offices are attached to many federal executive departments, independent federal agencies, as well as state and local governments. Each office includes an inspector general (or IG) and employees charged with identifying, auditing, and investigating fraud, waste, abuse, embezzlement and mismanagement of any kind within the executive department.
N4 road (Senegal)
The N4 road is one of the 7 national roads in Senegal. It connects central-Senegal with Basse Casamance by a route which crosses The Gambia.

The road runs in a southerly direction from Diourbel to Kaolack where it crosses the Saloum River before heading to Bounkiling in Casamance via The Gambia and swinging south-westward to follow the northern bank of the Casamance River to Bignona. Turning southwards the road crosses the Casamance River to end in Ziguinchor. The route is 337 km long including the 25 km transit route in The Gambia.

The road traverses central Gambia as the Trans-Gambia Highway linking Farafenni in the north to Soma in the south, crossing the Gambia River on the Senegambia Bridge.

It connects with the N3 at Djourbel, with the N1 at Kaolack and with the N6 at Ziguinchor.

An alternative route is the N5 via Bignona and Banjul, crossing the Gambia river by ferry at Banjul and rejoining the N4 just south of Kaolack.

N6 road (Senegal)
The N6 road is one of the 7 national roads of Senegal. It connects Tambacounda in the centre of Senegal to Ziguinchor in Basse Casamance in the south by a route which avoids traversing the Gambia. It is also known as the Route du Sud.

The road runs in a southerly direction from Tambacounda before swinging westwards to follow the southern bank of the Casamance River via Vélingara and Kolda to Ziguichor, where it connects to the N4 road.
Valuair
Valuair  (Chinese: 惠旅航空) was a Singapore-based low-cost carrier. It was launched on 5 May 2004, initially offering services to Bangkok and Hong Kong, before expanding to Indonesia, Mainland China and other cities in Thailand. It differentiated itself from other low-cost carriers by offering frills such as a baggage allowance of 20 kg, in-flight food, and a large seat pitch. Acquired on 24 July 2005 by Jetstar Asia, an Australian airline, the Valuair brand was retained for Jetstar Asia's scheduled services to major cities in Indonesia until 26 October 2014.

The Southwest Finger of Level 3 of Terminal 1 at Changi Airport housed the head office of the airline.

Jetstar Asia
Jetstar Asia was a Singaporean low-cost airline headquartered at Changi Airport. It operated services to regional destinations in Southeast Asia to countries such as Myanmar, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. It also flew to regional routes in East Asia such as Japan, Taiwan and Hong Kong.

Established in 2004, the airline served as the primary feeder carrier for its parent company, Jetstar, transporting passengers into Australia. It was one of Jetstar's Asian affiliates, alongside Jetstar Japan, and operated a fleet of Airbus A320 aircraft as a low-cost subsidiary of Qantas. It ceased operations on 31 July 2025.
Oscar L. Shafter
Oscar Lovell Shafter (October 19, 1812 – January 22, 1873) was an American attorney and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California from January 2, 1864, to December 11, 1867 with a legacy of expanding the California dairy industry.

Originally from Vermont he moved to California in 1854 and practiced law in San Francisco.
In 1857, he and his brother James McMillan Shafter won a legal battle after which their client sold them the contested property of Point Reyes. They bought almost the entire peninsula for less than $85,000 and developed it as the leading dairy region in the entire West.

James McMillan Shafter
James McMillan Shafter (May 27, 1816 – August 29, 1892) was an American lawyer, politician, and pioneer of Wisconsin and California.  He was the 13th Secretary of State of Vermont and the 5th speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly (1852).  Later in life he was a California state senator and superior court judge.  Near the time of his death, his large dairy ranch in Marin County, California, was described as one of the largest ranches in the world—over 23,000 acres.  His name was abbreviated in different ways over the course of his life, including J. McM. Shafter, Jas. M'm. Shafter, and other permutations.
Saaremaa Shipping Company
Saaremaa Shipping Company (Estonian: Saaremaa Laevakompanii, SLK) was a company which served the main sea routes between the Estonian mainland and its two major islands, Saaremaa and Hiiumaa. Since 1 October 2016 these routes have been operated by TS Laevad. SLK was declared bankrupt in November 2018.

SLK's three sister ships "Saaremaa", "Hiiumaa" and "Muhumaa" were sold to Elb-Link in Germany. They were sold again in 2018 to service routes in eastern Canada.

TS Laevad
TS Laevad ("TS Ships") is an Estonian ferry company which operates two routes between the Estonian mainland and the islands of Hiiumaa and Muhu in the Baltic Sea. Muhu is connected by a causeway to Estonia's largest island, Saaremaa.

The company is a fully owned subsidiary of the Port of Tallinn (Estonian: Tallinna Sadam, "TS"), which is in turn 70 percent owned by the Estonian state. The state subsidises the ferry routes with a sum of over €20 million per annum.

The company operates five ice class ferries, four of which were purpose-built for TS Laevad.
Syncope (phonology)
In phonology, syncope (/ˈsɪŋkəpi/; from Ancient Greek: συγκοπή, romanized: sunkopḗ, lit. 'cutting up') is the loss of one or more sounds from the interior of a word, especially the loss of an unstressed vowel. It is found in both synchronic and diachronic analyses of languages. Its opposite, whereby sounds are added, is epenthesis.

Epenthesis
In phonology, epenthesis (/ɪˈpɛnθəsɪs, ɛ-/; Greek ἐπένθεσις) means the addition of one or more sounds to a word, especially in the first syllable (prothesis), the last syllable (paragoge), or between two syllabic sounds in a word. The opposite process in which one or more sounds are removed is referred to as syncope or elision.
Andrea Terry
Chef Andrea Terry is a fictional character on the FX Network television series The Bear. Played by Olivia Colman beginning with the season two episode "Forks," Chef Terry is an acclaimed chef whose Chicago restaurant, Ever, was a legendary three-Michelin-starred destination for a dozen years. Over the course of her career, she employed and trained many notable chefs, including Carmy Berzatto (Jeremy Allen White), Luca (Will Poulter), and Adam Shapiro (Adam Shapiro). Colman was nominated for an Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series Emmy Award for her appearances as Chef Terry in season three of the FX Networks dramedy series.

Characters of The Bear (TV series)
The characters of the FX Networks television series The Bear, an American family dramedy television program launched in 2022, are predominantly people who work with the Berzattos at family businesses including a semi-seedy Italian beef sandwich shop, the Original Beef of Chicagoland. The Beef is later transformed into a high-end dinner destination (with a window on the side, for sandwiches) known as the Bear. The series is set in Chicago, Illinois, United States.
Putt-Putt (series)
Putt-Putt is a series of children's adventure and puzzle computer games created by Humongous Entertainment. This franchise was Humongous Entertainment's first game series to be developed. They primarily involve clicking to get to a destination, although some sub-quests and mini-games involve the keyboard. The main character, Putt-Putt, an anthropomorphic purple convertible, and his dog, Pep, travel to various locations.

Humongous Entertainment
Humongous, Inc. (formerly Humongous Entertainment, Inc.) was an American video game developer based in Bothell, Washington. Founded in 1992, the company developed multiple edutainment franchises, most prominently Putt-Putt, Freddi Fish, Pajama Sam, Spy Fox, and Backyard Sports, which, combined, sold over 15 million copies and earned more than 400 awards of excellence.

Humongous Entertainment was acquired by GT Interactive (later renamed Infogrames, Inc., then Atari, Inc.) in July 1996. By October 2000, sales of Humongous games had surpassed 16 million copies. GT, which had by that point became Atari, Inc. sold the Humongous business to its parent company, Infogrames (later renamed Atari SA), in August 2005 and reduced the company solely as a management firm for their assets until its bankruptcy in 2013, in which the assets were sold to Tommo, who re-released some of its games on digital distribution channels using the Humongous Entertainment brand name.
Saint Petersburg International Commercial Bank
The Saint Petersburg International Commercial Bank (Russian: Санкт-Петербургский международный коммерческий банк) was a major bank in the Russian Empire, founded in 1869 in Saint Petersburg. By the start of the 20th century it was Russia's second private-sector bank by assets, behind the Volga-Kama Commercial Bank,: 43  and by 1914 it still held that rank behind the Russo-Asiatic Bank.: 722  In late 1917 following the Russian Revolution, like all other commercial banks in Russia, it was absorbed into the State Bank with no compensation to its shareholders.

Russo-Asiatic Bank
The Russo-Asiatic Bank (Russian: Русско-Азиатский банк, French: Banque russo-asiatique, Traditional Chinese: 俄亞銀行) was a major Russian bank between 1910 and 1917. It was formed in 1910 through the merger of the Russo-Chinese Bank, with activities in Russia, China and Central Asia, and the Banque du Nord ("Northern Bank", Russian: Северный банк), a large domestic Russian bank. By 1914, it was Russia's largest private-sector bank by total assets.: 722  In late 1917 following the Russian Revolution, like all other commercial banks in Russia, its Russian operations were absorbed into the State Bank with no compensation to its shareholders. Its activities in Europe and China lingered for a while, but were eventually liquidated in 1926.: 758
The Lone Rider Fights Back
The Lone Rider Fights Back is a 1941 American Western film directed by Sam Newfield and written by Joseph O'Donnell. The film stars George Houston as the Lone Rider and Al St. John as his sidekick "Fuzzy" Jones, with Dorothy Short, Dennis Moore, Frank Hagney and Charles King. The film was released on December 17, 1941, by Producers Releasing Corporation.

This is the sixth movie in the Lone Rider series, which spans seventeen films—eleven starring George Houston, and a further six starring Robert Livingston.

Houston, once an opera singer, sang two songs in this film: "It's All Over Now" and "Out Where the West Begins". The songs were written by Johnny Lange and Lew Porter.

This is the first appearance of Dennis Moore in the "Lone Rider" series, playing Al Williams. In the next film, The Lone Rider and the Bandit, Moore became a regular in the series, playing Sheriff Smoky Moore for the next six films.

The Lone Rider and the Bandit
The Lone Rider and the Bandit is a 1942 American Western film directed by Sam Newfield and written by Sam Robins. The film stars George F. Houston as the Lone Rider, Al St. John as his sidekick "Fuzzy" Jones and Dennis Moore as Sheriff Smoky Moore, with Vickie Lester, Glenn Strange and Jack Ingram. The film was released on January 16, 1942, by Producers Releasing Corporation.

This is the seventh movie in the Lone Rider series, which spans seventeen films—eleven starring George Houston, and a further six starring Robert Livingston. In this film, Dennis Moore joins the cast of the series as Sheriff Smoky Moore, and appears with Livingston and Al St. John for the next five films, ending in 1942's Overland Stagecoach.

Houston, once an opera singer, sang three songs in this film: "I'm the Best Man in the West", "Down the Moonlit Trail" and "Rainbow Valley". The songs were written by Johnny Lange and Lew Porter.