hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arnold Dunbar Smith
Arnold Dunbar Smith FRIBA (2 December 1866 – 7 December 1933) was an English architect who in 1897 formed Smith & Brewer (1897 – 1949) with Cecil Claude Brewer (1871 – 1918) who were responsible for the design of the Mary Ward House in London (1899) and the National Museum and Gallery in Cardiff (1912) which are both Grade I listed buildings.

National Museum Cardiff
National Museum Cardiff (Welsh: Amgueddfa Genedlaethol Caerdydd), formerly known as the National Museum of Wales, is a museum and art gallery in Cardiff, Wales. The museum is part of the wider network of Amgueddfa Cymru – Museum Wales. Entry is kept free by a grant from the Welsh Government. In February 2025 the museum announced a temporary closure due to maintenance funding issues.
Bears FC
Bears Football Club (Bears FC, officially known  as Insurance Management Bears FC or IM Bears FC for sponsorship reasons) is a football club based in Nassau, Bahamas. Bears FC plays in BFA Senior League in Bahamas.

BFA Senior League
The BFA Senior League is the highest championship of football in Bahamas. Before 2008 it was played between the winners of the New Providence Football League and the Grand Bahama Football League. In 2008 the two leagues from the two islands merged into one league. League games usually take place in front of dozens of spectators.
María García Granados y Saborío
María García Granados y Saborío (1860 – May 10, 1878), also known as La Niña de Guatemala ("The Girl of Guatemala"), was a Guatemalan socialite, daughter of General Miguel García Granados, who was President of Guatemala from 1871 to 1873 and whose house served as a gathering for the top artists and writers of the time. María was also niece of María Josefa García Granados, an influential poet and journalist of the time. When Cuban poet and patriot José Martí came to Guatemala in 1877, he was invited to General Garcia Granados gatherings and fell in love with Maria there, but could not act on this love because he was already engaged to marry Ms. Carmen Zayas Bazán. María died in 1878, shortly after learning that Martí had married, and he immortalized her in his 1891 poem La Niña de Guatemala.

María Josefa García Granados
María Josefa García Granados y Zavala (10 July 1796 - 28 September 1848) was a Guatemalan intellectual, writer, journalist and poet of Spanish origin, and one of the greatest intellectual exponents of the independence of Guatemala, which was achieved in 1821. She was also a feminist ahead of her time, who with her strong and dominant character influenced Guatemalan culture. She was the sister of General Miguel García Granados, who was the first liberal president of Guatemala, and Adelaida García Granados, who was tutor of Petrona Álvarez, wife of General Rafael Carrera, lifelong conservative president of Guatemala. As his family was part of the Aycinena clan, they suffered exile and dispossession of their property by Francisco Morazán in 1829.
Hull and Doncaster Branch
The Hull and Doncaster Branch is a secondary main railway line in England, connecting Kingston upon Hull to South Yorkshire and beyond via a branch from the Selby Line near Gilberdyke to a connection to the Doncaster–Barnetby line at a junction near Thorne 8 miles north-east of Doncaster.

The line was sanctioned by parliament in 1864, and opened in 1869; much of the line is flat, with extensive straight sections; the crossing of the River Ouse required a major bridge, the Skelton Viaduct (or Goole swing bridge). There are two minor stations on the line Saltmarshe and Thorne North; the present Goole railway station was also created as part of the line, replacing an earlier terminus in the docks.

Saltmarshe railway station
Saltmarshe railway station is a railway station on the Hull and Doncaster Branch between Goole and Gilberdyke stations. It serves the village of Laxton, East Riding of Yorkshire, England.

The station was opened in 1869 as part of the North Eastern Railway's Hull and Doncaster Branch.
All the Same
"All the Same" is a power ballad by Australian band Sick Puppies, released as the first single from their 2007 album Dressed Up as Life, although it was first released on their self-titled EP a year before the album. It reached No. 8 on the US Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart and featured in the Free Hugs Campaign. The radio edit cuts off the middle of the second verse and end of the third verse, whereas there are no vocals in the third verse.

Free Hugs Campaign
The Free Hugs Campaign is a social movement involving individuals who offer hugs to strangers in public places. The hugs are meant to be random acts of kindness—selfless acts performed just to make others feel better. International Free Hugs Month is celebrated on the first Saturday of July and continues until August first.

The campaign in its present form was started in 2004 by an Australian man known only by the pseudonym "Juan Mann". The campaign became famous internationally in 2006 as the result of a music video on YouTube for the song "All The Same" by Australian band Sick Puppies, which has been viewed over 78 million times as of 25 September 2022.
1911 Chinese provisional presidential election
The 1911 Chinese provisional presidential election was the election held on 29 December 1911 during the Xinhai Revolution for the First Provisional President and Vice President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China. Sun Yat-sen and Li Yuanhong were elected as President and Vice-President respectively. Sun swore in at midnight on 1 January 1912 and declared the official establishment of the Republic of China.

President of the Republic of China
The president of the Republic of China, also known as the president of Taiwan, is the head of state of the Republic of China (Taiwan), as well as the commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces. Before 1949 the position had the authority of ruling over mainland China, but losing control of it after communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, the remaining jurisdictions of the ROC have been limited to Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and smaller islands.

Originally elected by the National Assembly, the presidency was intended to be a ceremonial office with no real executive power because the ROC was originally envisioned as a parliamentary republic. Since the 1996 election however, the president has been directly elected by plurality voting to a four-year term, with incumbents limited to serving two terms. The current president is Lai Ching-te of the Democratic Progressive Party, preceded by Tsai Ing-wen from the same party.
Elisabet Ney
Bernadina Wilhelmina Elisabeth Ney (January 26, 1833 – June 29, 1907) was a German-American sculptor who spent the first half of her life and career in Europe, producing portraits of famous leaders such as Otto von Bismarck, Giuseppe Garibaldi and King George V of Hanover. At age 39, she immigrated to Texas with her husband, Edmund Montgomery, and became a pioneer in the development of art there. Among her most famous works during her Texas period were life-size marble figures of Sam Houston and Stephen F. Austin, commissions for the Texas State Capitol. A large group of her works are housed in the Elisabet Ney Museum, located in her home and studio in Austin. Other works can be found in the United States Capitol, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, and numerous collections in Germany.

Statue of Stephen F. Austin
Stephen F. Austin is a statue of Stephen F. Austin by Elisabet Ney, originally modeled in 1893.

Two carvings exist: one installed in 1903 in the Texas State Capitol, and the other installed in 1905 as one of the two statues from Texas in the National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. In each case it is accompanied by a second statue, Sam Houston, also by Ney and produced in parallel.
Kumar Mangalam Birla
Kumar Mangalam Birla (born 14 June 1967) is an Indian billionaire businessman. He is the chairman of the Aditya Birla Group, one of the largest conglomerates in India. He is the chancellor of the Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani and former chairman of Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. In 2023, Birla received the Padma Bhushan, the third highest civilian honour in India.

As of December 2024, Forbes estimated his net worth at US$23.1 billion.

Born to Aditya Vikram Birla, the eldest of two children, he took over as chairman of the Aditya Birla Group in 1995, at the age of 28, following the death of his father. During Birla's tenure as chairman, the group's annual turnover increased from US$2 billion in 1995 to US$66 billion as of March 2024, with operations in 40 countries.

Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad
The Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIM Ahmedabad or IIM-A) is a premier  business school located in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. It is one of the Indian Institutes of Management and was accorded the status of an Institute of National Importance by the Ministry of Human Resources, Government of India in 2017. It is regarded as the best business school in India and is often referred to as the Harvard Business School of India.

Established in 1961, the institute offers master's degree programs in management and agri-business management, a fellowship program and a number of executive training programs. The institute was founded by Vikram Sarabhai and Kasturbhai Lalbhai, with Ravi J. Matthai.  serving as its first director. Other notable contributors included Kamla Chowdhary.
Anti-Japaneseism
Anti-Japaneseism (反日亡国論, han'nichi-bōkoku-ron) was a radical ideology promoted by a faction of the Japanese New Left that advocated for the destruction of the nation of Japan. The ideology was first conceived by Katsuhisa Ōmori, a member of the New Left, in the 1970s. Extending from anti-Japanese sentiments and viewpoints such as the Ainu Revolution Theory, it claimed that "the nation called Japan and the entire Japanese race should be extinguished from the face of the earth". Anti-Japaneseism makes claims that go far back in history, denying the founding of Japan and the history of the Japanese people. It advocated for the extermination of the Japanese ethnicity.

Ainu Revolution Theory
The Ainu Revolution Theory (Japanese: アイヌ革命論, Hepburn: Ainu kakumeiron) was a left-wing political concept in Japan that was prominent in the 1970s. It was a variant of the Proletarian Revolution Theory focusing on the Ainu people that came to light shortly after the revision of the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security Between the United States and Japan. The actions and writings of Japanese left-wing thinker Ryu Ota in particular made Ainu Revolution Theory well known.
Donaldson theory
In mathematics, and especially gauge theory, Donaldson theory is the study of the topology of smooth 4-manifolds using moduli spaces of anti-self-dual instantons. It was started by Simon Donaldson (1983) who proved Donaldson's theorem restricting the possible quadratic forms on the second cohomology group of a compact simply connected 4-manifold.  Important consequences of this theorem include the existence of an exotic R4 and the failure of the smooth h-cobordism theorem in 4 dimensions. The results of Donaldson theory depend therefore on the manifold having a differential structure, and are largely false for topological 4-manifolds.

Many of the theorems in Donaldson theory can now be proved more easily using Seiberg–Witten theory, though there are a number of open problems remaining in Donaldson theory, such as the Witten conjecture and the Atiyah–Floer conjecture.

Yang–Mills equations
In physics and mathematics, and especially differential geometry and gauge theory, the Yang–Mills equations are a system of partial differential equations for a connection on a vector bundle or principal bundle. They arise in physics as the Euler–Lagrange equations of the Yang–Mills action functional. They have also found significant use in mathematics.

Solutions of the equations are called Yang–Mills connections or instantons. The Yang–Mills moduli space was used by Simon Donaldson to prove Donaldson's theorem.
Harold H. Dunwoody
Harold Halsey Dunwoody (9 January 1919 – 16 September 2015) was a United States Army brigadier general who served as the commanding officer of the 1st Brigade, 5th Infantry Division in the Vietnam War. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, the U.S. Army's second-highest decoration for valor for his valorous actions in the Korean War. He commanded troops in World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War, enabling him to be one of the very small number who ever was entitled to wear the Combat Infantryman Badge with two Stars, denoting active combat in three wars. He was also father of the first female four-star general, Ann E. Dunwoody.

Ann E. Dunwoody
Ann Elizabeth Dunwoody (born 14 January 1953) is a retired general of the United States Army. She was the first woman in United States military and uniformed service history to achieve a four-star officer rank, receiving her fourth star on 14 November 2008.

In 2005 Dunwoody became the United States Army's top-ranking female when she received the promotion to lieutenant general (three stars) and became the Army's Deputy Chief of Staff, G-4 (logistics). She was nominated as Commanding General, United States Army Materiel Command, by President George W. Bush on 23 June 2008, and confirmed by the Senate one month later. She served in that capacity until 7 August 2012, and retired from the Army on 15 August 2012.
Naguva Hoovu
Naguva Hoovu (pronunciationⓘ; transl. The Smiling Flower) is a 1971 Indian Kannada language film, directed by cinematographer R. N. K. Prasad, produced by actor R. N. Sudarshan and written by actress Shylashri. Besides Sudarshan and Shylashri, the film stars K. S. Ashwath, Ranga, R. Nagendra Rao and B. V. Radha in pivotal roles. The film won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Kannada at the 18th National Film Awards.
The film had musical score and soundtrack composed by G. K. Venkatesh to the lyrics of R. N. Jayagopal.

R. N. Sudarshan
Rattihalli Nagendra Sudarshan (2 May 1939 – 8 September 2017) was an Indian actor and producer who had mainly worked in Kannada cinema. He had also acted in Tamil, Hindi, Telugu, and Malayalam films. During a career spanning more than five decades, he had acted in more than 250 films.
Mississippi Commission for Volunteer Service
The Mississippi Commission for Volunteer Service is the state agency in Mississippi that oversees national service programs and a growing network of Volunteer Centers.  Its mission: to engage and support volunteers of all ages and backgrounds in service to their communities.  Like its sister agencies in the other 49 states, the Mississippi Commission (MCVS) passes through federal funds from the Corporation for National and Community Service to Mississippi nonprofits to host AmeriCorps programs.

MCVS is led by a board of 24 Governor-appointed Commissioners who guide the general direction of the agency and who have fiduciary and programmatic responsibility for the MCVS's portfolio.  A staff of 17 work on AmeriCorps, disability inclusion, and the Volunteer Center network.  Administrative, fiscal, and training staff support these programs.

AmeriCorps
AmeriCorps (/əˈmɛrɪkɔːr/ ə-MERR-ih-kor; officially the Corporation for National and Community Service or CNCS) is an independent agency of the United States government that engages more than five million Americans in service through a variety of stipended volunteer work programs in many sectors. These programs include AmeriCorps VISTA, AmeriCorps NCCC, AmeriCorps State and National, AmeriCorps Seniors, the Volunteer Generation Fund, and other national service initiatives. It was created by the National and Community Service Trust Act of 1993. In September 2020, the agency rebranded itself as AmeriCorps, although its official name is unchanged.
McEwen baronets
The McEwen Baronetcy, of Marchmont in the County of Berwick, and Bardrochat in the County of Ayr, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 28 January 1953 for the Conservative politician John McEwen, by Elizabeth II. He notably served as Under-Secretary of State for Scotland from 1939 to 1940.

He was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Baronet. On his death the title passed to his younger brother, the third Baronet. The third baronet was succeeded briefly by his older son, Sir James, who died on 18 June 1983 at age 22, unmarried. As of 2020 the title is held by Sir Robert's second son, the fifth Baronet, who succeeded in 1983 on the early death of his elder brother. He is the current commander of the Clan MacEwen Society, UK.

Sir John McEwen, 1st Baronet
Sir John Helias Finnie McEwen, 1st Baronet (21 June 1894 – 19 April 1962), also known as Jock McEwen, was a British Unionist politician who served in the House of Commons as Conservative Member of Parliament for Berwick and Haddington from the 1931 to 1945 general elections.
Chipley, Florida
Chipley is a city in and the county seat of Washington County, Florida, United States, located between Tallahassee and Pensacola. Its population was 3,660 in the 2020 census, up from 3,605 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Panama City, Florida metropolitan area. The area is served by Chipley High School.

Washington County, Florida
Washington County is a county located in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Florida, in the Panhandle. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,318. Its county seat is Chipley. Washington County is included in the Panama City—Panama City Beach, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Musée de l'Orangerie
The Musée de l'Orangerie (English: Orangery Museum) is an art gallery of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings located in the west corner of the Tuileries Garden next to the Place de la Concorde in Paris. The museum is most famous as the permanent home of eight large Water Lilies murals by Claude Monet, and also contains works by Paul Cézanne, Henri Matisse, Amedeo Modigliani, Pablo Picasso, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Henri Rousseau, Alfred Sisley, Chaïm Soutine, Maurice Utrillo, and others.

Water Lilies (Monet series)
Water Lilies (French: Nymphéas [nɛ̃.fe.a]) is a series of approximately 250 oil paintings by French Impressionist Claude Monet (1840–1926). The paintings depict his flower garden at his home in Giverny, and were the main focus of his artistic production during the last 31 years of his life. Many of the works were painted while Monet suffered from cataracts.
Mississippi Highway 1
Mississippi Highway 1 (MS 1) is a state highway in Mississippi that runs south from U.S. Highway 49 near Lula to U.S. Highway 61 south of Cary, roughly paralleling the Mississippi River.  It travels approximately 148 miles (238 km), serving Sharkey, Issaquena, Washington, Bolivar, and Coahoma Counties. The entire route is part of the Great River Road and lies entirely within the Mississippi Delta region.

Washington County, Mississippi
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,922. Its county seat is Greenville. The county is named in honor of the first president of the United States, George Washington. It is located next to the Arkansas border. The Greenville, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Washington County. It is located in the Mississippi Delta.
Directing group
In organic chemistry, a directing group (DG) is a substituent on a molecule or ion that facilitates reactions by interacting with a reagent.  The term is usually applied to C–H activation of hydrocarbons, where it is defined as a "coordinating moiety (an 'internal ligand'), which directs a metal catalyst into the proximity of a certain C–H bond." In a well known example, the ketone group (C=O) in acetophenone is the DG in the Murai reaction.

The Murai reaction is related to directed ortho metalation, a reaction is typically applied to the lithiation of substituted aromatic rings.

A wide variety of functional groups can serve as directing groups.

Murai reaction
In organic chemistry, the Murai reaction is an organic reaction that uses C-H activation to create a new C-C bond between a terminal or strained internal alkene and an aromatic compound using a ruthenium catalyst.  The reaction, named after Shinji Murai, was first reported in 1993. While not the first example of C-H activation, the Murai reaction is notable for its high efficiency and scope. Previous examples of such hydroarylations required more forcing conditions and narrow scope.
Delinquent Habits
Delinquent Habits is an American hip hop group, formed in Norwalk, California in 1991. They are known for their Latin-tinged rap, which is both melodic and hardcore. Their first album was executive produced by Cypress Hill member Sen Dog and featured guest appearances by Sen himself as well as Puerto Rican New York City rapper Hurricane G. Their second album, Here Come the Horns, again featured Sen Dog as well as Sen's brother, pioneering Latin rapper Mellow Man Ace. The melodic Merry-Go-Round featured the female singer Michelle Belle. The group chose to focus more on hardcore rap on their fourth offering, Freedom Band.

Merry Go Round (Delinquent Habits album)
Merry Go Round is the third studio album by the latin hip hop group Delinquent Habits. The song "House of the Rising Drum" was featured on the soundtrack of the video game Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4 while the songs "Station Thirteen", "Return of the Tres", "Merry-Go-Round", "Sick Syde Drop", "Beijing", "House of the Rising Drum" and "Anytime Alltime" were featured on the soundtrack of the video game Total Overdose.
Zond 6
Zond 6 was a formal member of the Soviet Zond program, and an unpiloted version of the Soyuz 7K-L1 crewed Moon-flyby spacecraft. It was launched on a lunar flyby mission on November 10, 1968, from a parent satellite (68-101B) in Earth parking orbit. The spacecraft carried a biological payload of turtles, flies, and bacteria. It also carried scientific probes including cosmic ray, micrometeoroid detectors, and photographic equipment.

The mission was a precursor to a crewed circumlunar flight which the Soviets hoped could occur in December 1968, thus beating the American Apollo 8. However, after rounding the Moon on November 14, Zond 6 crashed on its return to Earth, due to a parachute failure when the parachute was detached from the capsule too early.

Soyuz 7K-L1
The Soyuz 7K-L1 "Zond" spacecraft was designed to launch cosmonauts from the Earth to circle the Moon without going into lunar orbit in the context of the Soviet crewed Moon-flyby program in the Moon race. It was based on the Soyuz 7K-OK. Several modifications reduced vehicle mass and increased circumlunar capability. The most notable modifications were the replacement of the orbital module with a support cone and a high-gain parabolic antenna, the removal of a reserve parachute, and the addition of the gyro platform and star navigation sensors for the far space navigation. The spacecraft was capable of carrying two cosmonauts. At the start of flight testing, there were serious reliability problems with the new Proton rocket, the 7K-L1, and the Soyuz 7K-OK that the L1 was based on.