hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sotalol
Sotalol, sold under the brand name Betapace among others, is a medication used to treat and prevent abnormal heart rhythms. Evidence does not support a decreased risk of death with long term use. It is taken by mouth or given by injection into a vein.

Common side effects include a slow heart rate, chest pain, low blood pressure, feeling tired, dizziness, shortness of breath, problems seeing, vomiting, and swelling. Other serious side effects may include QT prolongation, heart failure, or bronchospasm. Sotalol is a non-selective β-adrenergic receptor blocker which has both class II and class III antiarrhythmic properties.

Sotalol was first described in 1964 and came into medical use in 1974. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, it was the 296th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.

Antiarrhythmic agent
Antiarrhythmic agents, also known as cardiac dysrhythmia medications, are a class of drugs that are used to suppress abnormal heart rhythms, such as atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia.

Many attempts have been made to classify antiarrhythmic agents. Many of the antiarrhythmic agents have multiple modes of action, which makes any classification imprecise.
Ryo Nishikido
Ryo Nishikido (錦戸 亮, Nishikido Ryō; born November 3, 1984) is a Japanese singer and actor. He was formerly under the management of Johnny & Associates as a member of Japanese boy bands Kanjani Eight and News. His first solo album was released in December 2019.

Johnny & Associates
Johnny & Associates, Inc. was a Japanese talent agency formed by Johnny Kitagawa in 1962, which managed groups of male idols known as Johnny's. The company had a significant impact on pop culture with male idols and boy bands in Japan since the 1980s. Until 2019, the company was known for its strict policies regarding music distribution abroad and its strict control over the right of publicity to using the likeness of idols under its management.

In the wake of continuing sexual abuse allegations directed against Kitagawa, who died in 2019, his niece, Julie Keiko Fujishima, stepped down as president in September 2023. On October 2, 2023, Johnny & Associates announced that they would be splitting into two entities: The existing company would be rebranded to Smile-Up, a firm focused on reparations for Kitagawa's sexual abuse cases, and Starto Entertainment, a talent agency managing the acts that had been managed under Johnny & Associates.
Peringalam Assembly constituency
Peringalam State Assembly constituency was one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala in southern India, before the 2008 delimitation of constituencies. It was one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Vatakara Lok Sabha constituency until the 2008 delimitation. The last election to the constituency was conducted in  2006, and the MLA was K. P. Mohanan of JD(S).

After the delimitation in 2008, Kariyad, Kunnothuparamba, Mokeri, Panoor, Pattiom, Peringalam, and Thrippangottur Gram Panchayats became a part of Kuthuparamba Assembly constituency, whereas Chokli and Panniyannur were added to Thalassery Assembly constituency.

Kuthuparamba Assembly constituency
Kuthuparamba State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala in southern India.  It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Vatakara Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 Assembly elections, the current MLA is K. P. Mohanan of RJD.
Tiny the Wonder
Tiny the Wonder was an English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan) famous in the City of London in the mid-19th century for being able to kill 200 rats in an hour in the city's rat-baiting pits. At the time, the world record for killing 100 rats was 5 minutes, 30 seconds, held by a bull and terrier named Billy.

Rat-baiting
Rat-baiting is a blood sport that involves releasing captured rats in an enclosed space with spectators betting on how long a dog, usually a terrier and sometimes referred to as a ratter, takes to kill the rats. Often, two dogs competed, with the winner receiving a cash prize. It is now illegal in most countries.
Romanian Cyrillic alphabet
The Romanian Cyrillic alphabet is the Cyrillic alphabet that was used to write the Romanian language and Church Slavonic from the 14th century until the 1830s, when it began to be  gradually replaced by a Latin-based Romanian alphabet. Cyrillic remained in occasional use until the 1920s, mostly in Russian-ruled Bessarabia.

From the 1830s until the full adoption of the Latin alphabet, the Romanian transitional alphabet was in place, combining Cyrillic and Latin letters, and including some of the Latin letters with diacritics that remain in the modern Romanian alphabet. The Romanian Orthodox Church continued using the alphabet in its publications until 1881.

The Romanian Cyrillic alphabet is not the same as the Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet (which is based on the modern Russian alphabet) that was used in the Moldavian SSR for most of the Soviet era and that is still used in Transnistria.

Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet
The Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet is a Cyrillic alphabet designed for the Romanian language spoken in the Soviet Union (Moldovan) and was in official use from 1924 to 1932 and 1938 to 1989. It is still in use today in the breakaway Moldovan region of Transnistria.
Subdivisions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Subdivisions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth evolved over for centuries of its existence from the signing of the Union of Lublin to the third partition.

The lands that once belonged to the Commonwealth are now largely distributed among several central, eastern, and northern European countries: Poland (except western Poland), Lithuania, Latvia, Belarus, most of Ukraine, parts of Russia, southern half of Estonia, and smaller pieces in Slovakia and Moldova.

Third Partition of Poland
The Third Partition of Poland (1795) was the last in a series of the Partitions of Poland–Lithuania and the land of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth among Prussia, the Habsburg monarchy, and the Russian Empire which effectively ended Polish–Lithuanian national sovereignty until 1918. The partition was the result of the Kościuszko Uprising and was followed by a number of Polish–Lithuanian uprisings during the period.
WNCN
WNCN (channel 17) is a television station licensed to Goldsboro, North Carolina, United States, serving as the CBS affiliate for the Research Triangle area. Owned by Nexstar Media Group, the station maintains studios on Front Street in north Raleigh and its transmitter is located in Auburn, North Carolina.

Built in 1988 as a second-tier independent station operating from studios in Clayton, North Carolina, under the call sign WYED, channel 17 was purchased by Outlet Communications in 1994 and replaced the anemic WRDC (channel 28) as the market's NBC affiliate in 1995, which included the establishment of a local newsroom and the adoption of the present WNCN call letters. NBC owned the station for more than a decade before spinning it off to Media General in 2006. WNCN became the new CBS affiliate for the Triangle market on February 29, 2016, switching with longtime CBS affiliate WRAL-TV, which had announced it would become the new NBC affiliate for the region.

WRDC
WRDC (channel 28) is a television station licensed to Durham, North Carolina, United States, serving the Research Triangle area as an affiliate of MyNetworkTV. It is owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group alongside Raleigh-licensed CW affiliate WLFL (channel 22). The two stations share studios in the Highwoods Office Park, just outside downtown Raleigh; WRDC's transmitter is located in Auburn, North Carolina.

Channel 28 is the third-oldest television station in the Triangle and was the market's NBC affiliate for its first 27 years of operation. It was perennially the third-rated station in the market and did not produce local newscasts for significant portions of its tenure with NBC, which contributed to the network moving to another station.
Ugr 9-1
Ugr 9-1 is a 29-amino acid peptide toxin derived from the venom of the sea anemone Urticina grebelnyi. The structure of the peptide is also referred to as ‘the boundless β-hairpin”, as it consists of two S-S bridges that provide stability, three classical β-turns, and a twisted β-hairpin without interstrand disulfide bonds. Ugr 9-1 can completely block the transient component of the human acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) and partially inhibit the sustained component, both of which are reversible.

ASIC3
Acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) also known as amiloride-sensitive cation channel 3 (ACCN3) or testis sodium channel 1 (TNaC1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASIC3 gene. The ASIC3 gene is one of the five paralogous genes that encode proteins that form trimeric acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) in mammals. The cDNA of this gene was first cloned in 1998. The ASIC genes have splicing variants that encode different proteins that are called isoforms.

These genes are mainly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system.

ASICs can form both homotrimeric (meaning composed of three identical subunits) and heterotrimeric channels.
Bronchopneumonia
Bronchopneumonia is a subtype of pneumonia. It is the acute inflammation of the bronchi, accompanied by inflamed patches in the nearby lobules of the lungs.

It is often contrasted with lobar pneumonia; but, in clinical practice, the types are difficult to apply, as the patterns usually overlap. Bronchopneumonia (lobular) often leads to lobar pneumonia as the infection progresses. The same organism may cause one type of pneumonia in one patient, and another in a different patient.

Lobar pneumonia
Lobar pneumonia is a form of pneumonia characterized by inflammatory exudate within the intra-alveolar space resulting in consolidation that affects a large and continuous area of the lobe of a lung.

It is one of three anatomic classifications of pneumonia (the other being bronchopneumonia and atypical pneumonia). In children round pneumonia develops instead because the  pores of Kohn which allow the lobar spread of infection are underdeveloped.
Carlton Terrace, Edinburgh
Carlton Terrace (known as Carlton Place from around 1830 until 1842) is a residential street in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located on the east side of Calton Hill, at the eastern extremity of the New Town, part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site inscribed in 1995.

The street is in the form of an inverted crescent, a long, hairpin curved terrace of 19 classical town houses, linking together with Regent Terrace and Royal Terrace in a 'necklace' around the hill. Built on the west side of a setted street, the terrace faces sloping gardens descending down to Abbeyhill, across to Holyrood, and over to the heights of Arthur's Seat.

Residents enjoy access to Regent Gardens.

Regent, Royal and Carlton Terrace Gardens
The Regent, Royal and Carlton Terrace Gardens (informally called Regent Gardens, and previously known as the Calton Hill Pleasure Ground and the Large Garden) are private communal gardens in the New Town area of Edinburgh, EH7. They lie over a 4.8-hectare (12-acre) site on the east side of Calton Hill. The gardens have been listed on the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes as part of the New Town gardens heritage designation since March 2001. The gardens form some of the collection of New Town Gardens.

The gardens are secluded high up on the hill, with impressive views southeast over Holyrood to Arthur's Seat and north across the Firth of Forth to Fife. However, the gardens are secluded and the adjacent properties offer the only close-up view of the landscape. They are the largest and most impressively landscaped of all the gardens in Edinburgh's New Town remaining in private ownership.
Lo Carmen
Loene Carmen (born 1970), better known by her stage name Lo Carmen, is an Australian singer-songwriter, musician, music producer, author and actress with multiple albums in the indie rock vein.

She records, performs and tours solo or with long time band The Great Beyond, published memoir Lovers Dreamers Fighters and received Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress nominations for Australian films The Year My Voice Broke and Tom White.

Carmen's eighth solo album, Transatlantic Light was released in September 2024 on her own label, Chiquita Records, with a limited edition vinyl pressing through Impressed Recordings. Rock critic Will Hermes described it as 'a holy-glowing dreamscape of smoke-clouded guitars, loping basslines and tantric drums that channel a history of sound recordings, from delta blues to chiaroscuro surf reveries, haunted pop ballads to modern bloodied valentines' in his liner notes.

Mick Harvey
Michael John Harvey (born 29 August 1958) is an Australian musician, singer-songwriter, composer, arranger and record producer. A multi-instrumentalist, he is best known for his long-term collaborations with Nick Cave, with whom he formed The Boys Next Door, The Birthday Party and Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. Harvey has also produced and contributed to multiple recordings by different artists and released several albums and soundtracks as a solo artist.
Thallichtenberg
Thallichtenberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan, whose seat is in Kusel.

Kusel
Kusel (German pronunciation: [ˈkuːzl̩] ⓘ; written Cusel until 1865) is a town in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the Kusel-Altenglan Verbandsgemeinde and is also the district seat.

The well-known operatic tenor Fritz Wunderlich was born in Kusel.
The Paul Butterfield Blues Band
The Paul Butterfield Blues Band was an American blues and blues-rock band from Chicago. Formed in the summer of 1963, the group originally featured eponymous vocalist and harmonicist Paul Butterfield, guitarist Elvin Bishop, bassist Jerome Arnold, and drummer Sam Lay. The band added guitarist Mike Bloomfield and keyboardist Mark Naftalin before recording their self-titled debut album, which was released in October 1965. The founding sextet were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015, along with Billy Davenport, their drummer on their second album, East-West.

The Paul Butterfield Blues Band (album)
The Paul Butterfield Blues Band is the self-titled debut album by the American blues rock band of the same name, released in 1965 on Elektra Records. It peaked at number 123 on the Billboard albums chart. In 2012, the album was ranked number 468 on Rolling Stone's list of "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time". It is ranked at number 11 on DownBeat's list of the top 50 blues albums.
Gadzhiyevo
Gadzhiyevo (Russian: Гаджи́ево) is a town under the administrative jurisdiction of the closed administrative-territorial formation of Alexandrovsk in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. Population: 11,068 (2010 census); 12,180 (2002 census).

It was previously known as Yagelnaya Guba (until 1967), Gadzhiyevo (until 1981), Murmansk-130 (until 1994), Skalisty (until 1999).

Closed city
A closed city or town is a settlement where travel or residency restrictions are applied.

Historically, the construction of closed cities became increasingly common after the beginning of the Cold War, particularly in the Soviet Union. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, they remain widespread in Russia and some of the other post-Soviet countries. The Russian government officially designates these closed cities as "closed administrative–territorial formations" (ZATO; Russian: закрытые административно–территориальные образования [ЗАТО]), for the management and execution of high-value research and development concerning nuclear energy, weapons of mass destruction, or the space industry.
2007 Colonial Cup
The 2007 Colonial Cup was rugby union competition held in Fiji. The Fiji Rugby Union controls the Colonial Cup which is used to pick players for the Fiji national team.

This year saw the emergence of a new team, the Bligh Roosters, based in Tavua. This took  the number of competing teams to 6.

The Coastal Stallions were the 2007 champions, this being their third win since the tournament's inception in 2004.

Coastal Stallions
The Coastal Stallions is a former Fijian rugby union team that had a franchise area covering Nadroga-Navosa, Namosi, Serua and Malolo. The team played in Fiji's premier rugby union competition the Colonial Cup from 2004 to 2008, winning the champioshup title three times before the competition ceased in 2008.
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈjoːzɛf ˈʃɛlɪŋ]; 27 January 1775 – 20 August 1854) was a German philosopher. Standard histories of philosophy make him the midpoint in the development of German idealism, situating him between Johann Gottlieb Fichte, his mentor in his early years, and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, his one-time university roommate, early friend, and later rival. Interpreting Schelling's philosophy is regarded as difficult because of its evolving nature.

Schelling's thought in the main has been neglected, especially in the English-speaking world. An important factor in this was the ascendancy of Hegel, whose mature works portray Schelling as a mere footnote in the development of idealism. Schelling's Naturphilosophie also has been attacked by scientists for its tendency to analogize and lack of empirical orientation. However, some later philosophers have shown interest in re-examining Schelling's body of work.

Heinrich Paulus
Heinrich Eberhard Gottlob Paulus (1 September 1761 – 10 August 1851) was a German theologian and critic of the Bible. He is known as a rationalist who offered natural explanations for the biblical miracles of Jesus.
Technology High School (Rohnert Park, California)
Technology High School is a magnet school with a focus in science, math and technology, located in Sonoma County, California.  It was founded in 1995 under the Cotati-Rohnert Park Unified School District on the Sonoma State University campus. It was sponsored by Hewlett-Packard and the Autodesk foundation. The school opened its doors in 1999.

Cotati-Rohnert Park Unified School District
The Cotati-Rohnert Park Unified School District (CRPUSD) is a school district in Sonoma County, California.

The District serves approximately 6000 students in the cities of Cotati and Rohnert Park, the Sonoma State University census-designated place, and neighboring areas of Sonoma County. The district operates six elementary schools, two middle schools, a K-8 school, one comprehensive high school, a magnet school and charters two schools.

The district's offices are located at 7165 Burton Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA 94928-3316.

The district is supported by numerous school-connected organizations, which include PTAs, Boosters and the Education Foundation of Cotati & Rohnert Park, a non-profit organization founded in 1983 to provide private grants to the school district. Since its founding, the organization has made grants totaling over $850,000 to the district's schools.
Jonesville, North Carolina
Jonesville, originally called Allen's Settlement, founded in 1811 under the name of Martinsborough, is the oldest town in Yadkin County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 2,308 at the 2020 census. The town grew by nearly 800 residents in 2001 when it merged with neighboring Arlington. Recognized as the Heart of the Yadkin Valley, Jonesville is a gateway to the Blue Ridge Mountains, the Yadkin Valley Heritage/Cultural Corridor and to local wineries in the Swan Creek AVA and the larger Yadkin Valley AVA, as well as offering access to the Yadkin River.

Arlington, North Carolina
Arlington was a town in Yadkin County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 795 at the 2000 census.

The town was incorporated on July 23, 1930.  It merged into its larger neighbor, Jonesville, after a vote on May 29, 2001. The two towns had a combined population of about 2,250 people.
RK Tineks Prolet
RK Tineks Prolet (HC Tineks Prolet) (Macedonian: РК Тинекс Пролет) is a team handball club from Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia. Currently, they compete in the Macedonian Handball Super League. The added name Tineks name comes from the Tinex supermarket which supports the team, while their original name Prolet is after the Skopje settlement of Prolet.

The club's main rival was RK Jug, now a defunct club who was from the neighboring settlement of Muchurin.

The team used to play in an open arena located in the settlement of Prolet, but after its dissolution changed few handball arenas around Skopje as Avtokomanda in the same called settlement and Rasadnik in Kisela Voda. Since 2012, the club finally is back in its own settlement as the Makedonsko Sonce Arena was built.

Macedonian Handball Super League
The Macedonian Handball Super League (Macedonian: Ракометна Супер Лига на Македонија), is the top-tier team handball competition in North Macedonia. As of 2018, the Macedonian Handball Federation was ranked 8th in the world.
NDUFB6
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6, also known as complex I-B17, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDUFB6 gene. NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6, is an accessory subunit of the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) complex, located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. It is also known as Complex I and is the largest of the five complexes of the electron transport chain.

Respiratory complex I
Respiratory complex I, EC 7.1.1.2 (also known as NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, Type I NADH dehydrogenase and mitochondrial complex I) is the first large protein complex of the respiratory chains of many organisms from bacteria to humans. It catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and translocates protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes or the plasma membrane of bacteria.

This enzyme is essential for the normal functioning of cells, and mutations in its subunits lead to a wide range of inherited neuromuscular and metabolic disorders. Defects in this enzyme are responsible for the development of several pathological processes such as ischemia/reperfusion damage (stroke and cardiac infarction), Parkinson's disease and others.
Narputta Nangala
Narputta Nangala Jugadai (1933–2010) was an Aboriginal Australian artist born at Karrkurutinytja, who later lived at Haasts Bluff (Ikuntji) in the Northern Territory. Her language group was Pintupi/Pitjantjatjara, and her Dreaming was "Snake", "Jangala, Two Men" and "Two Women". She was a senior artist in her community at Ikuntji and prominent among the Ikuntji Women's Centre (later Ikuntji Artists) painters. She was the wife of  the painter, Timmy Tjungurrayi Jugadai, and mother of Daisy Jugadai Napaltjarri and Molly Jugadai Napaltjarri.

DACS represents Narputta Nangala with respect to copyright licensing.

Molly Jugadai Napaltjarri
Molly Jugadai Napaltjarri (c.1954–2011) was a Pintupi- and Luritja-speaking Aboriginal artist from Australia's Western Desert region. Her paintings are held in major collections, including the National Gallery of Australia.