hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bukit Batok
Bukit Batok (IPA: /ˈbʊkɪt ˌbɑːtoʊk/ BUUK-it BAH-tohk), often abbreviated as Bt Batok, is a planning area and residential town located in the eastern part of the West Region of Singapore. Bukit Batok statistically ranks in as the 25th largest, the 10th most populous and the 9th most densely populated planning area in Singapore. It is bordered by six other planning areas - Choa Chu Kang to the north and northwest, Bukit Panjang to the northeast and east, Clementi to the south, Bukit Timah to the southeast, Jurong East to the southwest and Tengah to the west.

Bukit Batok largely sits on Gombak norite, a geological formation that is found in high concentrations within the planning area itself, as well as in the western parts of neighbouring Cashew. It was this presence of the igneous rock that made Bukit Batok a pivotal location for the quarrying industry in Singapore around the turn of the mid-20th century.

Jurong East
Jurong East is the regional centre of the West Region of Singapore. It borders Jurong West and Boon Lay to the west, Clementi to the east, Tengah and Bukit Batok to the north and Selat Jurong to the south.

First developed in the 1970s, it is located approximately 20 km (12 miles) west of the city-centre. Jurong East is the 7th most populated planning area in the West Region. Jurong East, along with the entire Jurong area in general, is envisioned to be the country's second central business district (CBD) as part of the Jurong Lake District project.
Manapanthal
Manapanthal (transl. Marriage Hall) is 1961 Indian Tamil-language romance film, directed by V. N. Reddy, produced by T. R. Ramanna and written by Thuraiyur K. Moorthy, with music by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy. The film stars S. S. Rajendran, S. A. Ashokan, B. Saroja Devi and E. V. Saroja, with P. Kannamba, V. Nagayya, Rama Rao, K. A. Thangavelu and M. Saroja in supporting roles. The film was simultaneously made in Telugu as Intiki Deepam Illale; both versions are based on the American film Sabrina (1954; based on Samuel A. Taylor's 1953 play Sabrina Fair).

Sabrina (1954 film)
Sabrina (Sabrina Fair/La Vie en Rose in the United Kingdom) is a 1954 American romantic comedy-drama film produced and directed by Billy Wilder, from a screenplay he co-wrote with Samuel Taylor and Ernest Lehman, based on Taylor's 1953 play Sabrina Fair. The picture stars Humphrey Bogart, Audrey Hepburn, and William Holden. This was Wilder's last film released by Paramount Pictures, ending a 12-year business relationship between him and the company.

In 2002, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Corrective maintenance
Corrective maintenance is a maintenance task performed to identify, isolate, and rectify a fault so that the failed equipment, machine, or system can be restored to an operational condition within the tolerances or limits established for in-service operations.

Maintenance
The technical meaning of maintenance involves functional checks, servicing, repairing or replacing of necessary devices, equipment, machinery, building infrastructure and supporting utilities in industrial, business, and residential installations. Terms such as "predictive" or "planned" maintenance describe various cost-effective practices aimed at keeping equipment operational; these activities occur either before or after a potential failure.
Total DramaRama
Total DramaRama (originally titled Total Drama Daycare) is an animated comedy children's television series created by Tom McGillis and Jennifer Pertsch that premiered on Cartoon Network in the United States on September 1, 2018, and on Teletoon in Canada on October 7, 2018. The show, serving as a crossover prequel spin-off as well as the second spin-off of Total Drama following The Ridonculous Race, is set in an alternate universe of Total Drama and 6teen. The series was co-produced by Fresh TV and Corus Entertainment in association with Cartoon Network, and distributed by Cake Entertainment.

6teen
6teen is a Canadian Flash animated teen comedy drama television series created by Jennifer Pertsch and Tom McGillis which originally aired for four seasons and 93 episodes on Teletoon from November 7, 2004, until February 11, 2010.

Majority-directed by Karen Lessman and co-produced by Nelvana Limited and Fresh TV for two seasons each, it also aired in the U.S. on Nickelodeon from December 18, 2005, to May 13, 2006, and on Cartoon Network (along with Total Drama Island and Stoked) from October 23, 2008, until June 21, 2010. Nelvana produced 78 of the overall 93 episodes and two 45-minute television specials.

As of February 2023, the series is available in various compilation bundles on YouTube. It can also currently be streamed on Tubi.
Luumäki
Luumäki (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈluːˌmæki]) is a municipality of Finland. Its seat is in the Taavetti village. It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the South Karelia region. The municipality has a population of 4,327
(30 June 2025) and covers an area of 859.83 square kilometres (331.98 sq mi) of
which 109.77 km2 (42.38 sq mi)
is water. The population density is
5.77 inhabitants per square kilometre (14.9/sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Neighbour municipalities are Hamina, Kouvola, Lappeenranta, Lemi, Miehikkälä and Savitaipale. Lappeenranta is located 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Luumäki.

The president of Finland P. E. Svinhufvud died in Luumäki on February 29, 1944.

The name Luumäki means literally "Bone Hill".

Taavetti
Taavetti (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈtɑːʋetːi]; Swedish: Taavetti, also Davidstad) is a village and administrative center of the Luumäki municipality in South Karelia, Finland. It has a population of 2,084. It is located along Highway 6 between Lappeenranta and Kouvola, and its center also runs on Highway 26 towards Hamina. The distance from Taavetti to the nearest city, Lappeenranta, is about 40 kilometres (25 mi).

Taavetti has evolved around the Taavetti Fortress (Taavetin linnoitus). The fortress is part of a chain of fortresses built in the late 18th century to protect St. Petersburg. The village of Marttila at the crossroads of the main roads was once chosen as the location for the fortress, as Taavetti still is.

Taavetti also has the Taavetti railway station on the Kouvola-Lappeenranta railway section, but passenger traffic at Taavetti station ended on 2 September 2006 due to low traffic.
Staveley, Derbyshire
Staveley is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Chesterfield, Derbyshire, England, along the banks of the River Rother (5 miles) northeast of Chesterfield, (5 miles) west of Clowne, (5 miles) northwest of Bolsover, (11 miles) southwest of Worksop and (13 miles) southeast of Sheffield.

Chesterfield, Derbyshire
Chesterfield is a market and industrial town in the county of Derbyshire, England. It is 24 miles (39 km) north of Derby and 11 miles (18 km) south of Sheffield at the confluence of the Rivers Rother and Hipper. In 2011, the built-up-area subdivision had a population of 88,483, making it the second-largest settlement in Derbyshire, after Derby. The wider Borough of Chesterfield had a population of 103,569 in the 2021 Census. In 2021, the town itself had a population of 76,402.

It has been traced to a transitory Roman fort dated to approximately AD 80-100. The name of the later Anglo-Saxon village comes from the Old English ceaster (Roman fort) and feld (pasture). It has a sizeable street market three days a week. The town sits on an old coalfield, but little visual evidence of mining remains since the closure of the final town centre mine nicknamed “The Green Room”. The main landmark is the crooked spire of the Church of St Mary and All Saints.
Motomachi, Yokohama
Motomachi (元町, Motomachi) is a district in Naka Ward, Yokohama, Japan. It is situated immediately west of Yamate and east of Chinatown. The area features the Motomachi Shopping Street, which is a five-block-long stretch of boutiques and shops. It is known in Japan for its cosmopolitan atmosphere, distinctive fashion, and Western influences.

Yamate
Yamate (山手) is the name of a historic neighbourhood in Naka-ku, Yokohama often referred to in English as The Bluff. The neighbourhood is famous as having been a foreigners' residential area in the Bakumatsu, Meiji and Taishō periods. While still dominantly residential in character, with views over downtown Yokohama, historic residential properties, ornamental gardens and public parks, the area is also a popular visitor destination.
Alain Aspect
Alain Aspect (French: [aspɛ] ⓘ; born 15 June 1947) is a French  physicist  noted for his experimental work on  quantum entanglement.

Aspect was awarded the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with John Clauser and Anton Zeilinger, "for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science".

Anton Zeilinger
Anton Zeilinger (German: [ˈanton ˈtsaɪlɪŋɐ]; born 20 May 1945) is an Austrian quantum physicist and Nobel laureate in physics of 2022. Zeilinger is professor of physics emeritus at the University of Vienna and senior scientist at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Most of his research concerns the fundamental aspects and applications of quantum entanglement.

In 2007, Zeilinger received the first Inaugural Isaac Newton Medal of the Institute of Physics, London, for "his pioneering conceptual and experimental contributions to the foundations of quantum physics, which have become the cornerstone for the rapidly-evolving field of quantum information". In October 2022, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Alain Aspect and John Clauser for their work involving experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science.
Stigma (Star Trek: Enterprise)
"Stigma" is the fortieth episode (production #214) of the television series Star Trek: Enterprise, the fourteenth of the second season. The episode aired on UPN on February 5, 2003. This science fiction episode has a story about a spacecraft crew in the 22nd century, dealing with an alien disease, and also acts as a morality play via an analogy about sexually transmitted diseases and oppressed minorities within society.

In the episode, it is revealed that Sub-commander T'Pol has a degenerative disease, pa'nar syndrome, contracted from her mind meld in "Fusion". She must face being ostracized by Vulcan society and losing her position on Enterprise.

Fusion (Star Trek: Enterprise)
"Fusion" is the seventeenth episode (production #117) of the television series Star Trek: Enterprise. Set in the 22nd century, the science fiction television episode is about a spaceship exploring a galaxy filled with alien life. It aired on UPN on February 27, 2002.

Enterprise encounters a group of unconventional Vulcans, one of whom leads T'Pol into further exploring her emotions.
Polis Evo 3
Polis Evo 3 (English: Police Evo 3) is a 2023 Malaysian Malay-language buddy cop action comedy film directed by Syafiq Yusof from the story by Joel Soh (also as co-writer) starring Zizan Razak and Shaheizy Sam who reprise their respective roles, with Sharnaaz Ahmad joining them as the main antagonist. A sequel to Polis Evo (2015) and Polis Evo 2 (2018), the film is the third installment in the Polis Evo film series. Originally slated for a 2021 release, the film was postponed to 2022 before officially being released on 25 May 2023.

Polis Evo 2
Polis Evo 2 (also known as Police Evo for Indonesian release) is a 2018 Malaysian Malay-language buddy cop action film Co-produced and distributed by Astro Shaw, the film was directed by Joel Soh and Andre Chiew, starring Zizan Razak and Shaheizy Sam reprise their respective roles, with Indonesian actress Raline Shah joined them as the main cast. It revolves Malaysian and Indonesian police to crippled a group of terrorists attacking a hostile village and detaining residents as hostages.

The film was released on 22 November 2018 and is a sequel to the 2015 film of the same title. In December 2018, Polis Evo 2 was listed by the local Malaysian newspaper Harian Metro as among the top 10 local films in Malaysian history. A third sequel of the film was released in May 2023 with Syafiq Yusof took the role as the director.
Weakened weak form
Weakened weak form  (or W2 form) is used in the formulation of general numerical methods based on  meshfree methods and/or finite element method settings. These numerical methods are applicable to solid mechanics as well as fluid dynamics problems.

Meshfree methods
In the field of numerical analysis, meshfree methods are those that do not require connection between nodes of the simulation domain, i.e. a mesh, but are rather based on interaction of each node with all its neighbors. As a consequence, original extensive properties such as mass or kinetic energy are no longer assigned to mesh elements but rather to the single nodes. Meshfree methods enable the simulation of some otherwise difficult types of problems, at the cost of extra computing time and programming effort. The absence of a mesh allows Lagrangian simulations, in which the nodes can move according to the velocity field.
Illa de la Discòrdia
The Illa de la Discòrdia (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈiʎə ðə lə disˈkɔɾði.ə]) or Mansana de la Discòrdia [mənˈsanə ðə lə disˈkɔɾði.ə] — "Block of Discord"; Spanish: Manzana de la Discordia — is a city block on Passeig de Gràcia in the Eixample district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The block is noted for having buildings by four of Barcelona's most important Modernista architects, Lluís Domènech i Montaner, Antoni Gaudí, Josep Puig i Cadafalch and Enric Sagnier, in close proximity. As the four architects' styles were very different, the buildings clash with each other and the neighboring buildings. They were all built in the early years of the 20th century.

The block is the southwest side of Passeig de Gràcia, between Carrer del Consell de Cent and Carrer d'Aragó.

Passeig de Gràcia
Passeig de Gràcia (Catalan pronunciation: [pəˈsɛdʒ də ˈgɾasiə]) is one of the major avenues in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) and one of its most important shopping and business areas, containing several of the city's most celebrated pieces of architecture.  It is located in the central part of Eixample, stretching from Plaça Catalunya to Carrer Gran de Gràcia.

Passeig de Gràcia is regarded as the most expensive street in Barcelona and in Spain.
Topical steroid
Topical steroids are the topical forms of corticosteroids. Topical steroids are the most commonly prescribed topical medications for the treatment of rash and eczema. Topical steroids have anti-inflammatory properties and are classified based on their skin vasoconstrictive abilities. There are numerous topical steroid products. All the preparations in each class have the same anti-inflammatory properties but essentially differ in base and price.

Side effects may occur from sudden discontinuation and prolonged, continuous use can lead to skin thinning. Intermittent use of topical steroids for atopic dermatitis is safe and does not cause skin thinning.

Steroid-induced skin atrophy
Steroid-induced skin atrophy is thinning of the skin at the level of the epidermis as a result of prolonged exposure to topical steroids. This is the most common side effect of overuse or misuse of topical steroids. Topical steroids are typically prescribed for psoriasis, atopic dermatitis (eczema), and other itchy rashes. In people with psoriasis using topical steroids it occurs in up to 5% of people after a year of use. Intermittent use of topical steroids for atopic dermatitis is safe and does not cause skin thinning.

Skin atrophy can occur with both prescription and over the counter steroids. Potency of the topical steroid will influence its propensity to cause skin atrophy. Oral prednisone and intralesional steroids may also result in atrophied skin. Alternatives to topical steroids are available, depending on skin condition, with a reduced and different side effect profile.
Mylopotamos, Crete
Mylopotamos (Greek: Μυλοπόταμος) is a municipality in Rethymno regional unit in the Greek island of Crete. Spread across an area of 360.703 km2 (139.268 sq mi), it was formed from the former municipalities of Geropotamos, Kouloukonas, and Zoniana in 2011. The seat of the municipality is Perama. This region is characterized by mountainous terrain interspersed with fertile valleys.

Zoniana
Zoniana (Greek: Ζωνιανά) is a town and a former municipality in the Rethymno regional unit, Crete, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Mylopotamos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 17.926 km2 (6.921 sq mi). Population 1,206 (2021).
Pennsylvania Route 244
Pennsylvania Route 244 (PA 244) is a 17-mile-long (27 km) state highway located in Potter County, Pennsylvania.  The western terminus is at PA 44 in Coneville.  The eastern terminus is the New York state line in Genesee Township. The route passes through rural areas, intersecting PA 449 in Genesee. The route was paved in 1931 and designated by 1941 between PA 44 and PA 449. PA 244 was extended to the New York state line in 1982. In 2011, the Genesee River bridge was replaced, eliminating a detour that had been in place since 2003.

Pennsylvania Route 44
Pennsylvania Route 44 (PA 44) is a 149.24 mi (240.18 km)-long state highway in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The route, which is signed north-south, is designated from Interstate 80 (I-80) and PA 42 in Buckhorn northwest to the New York state line near New York State Route 417 (NY 417) in Ceres Township.

Commissioned in 1927 by the Pennsylvania Department of Highways, PA 44 originally ran from the New York state line to Jersey Shore. Today, the highway is a scenic route from Columbia County to Potter County.
Zheng Changtu
Zheng Changtu (鄭昌圖) (died April 6, 887?), courtesy name Guangye (光業), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty. He served as a chancellor in the administration of the pretender Li Yun, who claimed the throne in competition with Emperor Xizong. After the deaths of Li Yun and Li Yun's main proponent, Zhu Mei, Zheng was executed for his service under Li Yun.

Li Yun (Tang dynasty)
Li Yun (李熅) (died 887), imperial princely title Prince of Xiang (襄王), was a pretender to the throne of the Tang dynasty, who briefly, under the support of the warlord Zhu Mei, claimed the Tang imperial throne for two months in 886–887 at the capital Chang'an, in competition with Emperor Xizong.

Li Yun's brief reign ended when Zhu's subordinate Wang Xingyu rebelled and killed Zhu. Li Yun fled to the domain of the warlord Wang Chongrong, but then Wang executed Li and presented his head to Emperor Xizong.
Calcutta School of Indology
The Calcutta School of Indology (also known as the 'Bengal School' of Indology) consists of a group of Jesuit missionary scholars based mostly in Calcutta and including William Wallace, SJ (1863–1922), Pierre Johanns (1882–1955), Georges Dandoy, Joseph Putz, Joseph Bayart, Robert Antoine, Camille Bulcke, Michael Ledrus, Pierre Fallon and Jan Feys. They were joined in their efforts by Animananda, a disciple of Upadhyaya.

William Wallace (Jesuit)
William Wallace (2 March 1863 in Battibrack, Dublin – 14 November 1922 in Kurseong, West Bengal) was an Anglican priest who later became a Roman Catholic priest, member of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and Indologist.
Airlink (helicopter shuttle service)
Airlink was the brand name of a helicopter shuttle service which ran between London's two main airports, Gatwick and Heathrow, between 1978 and 1986.  Operated jointly by British Caledonian Airways and British Airways Helicopters using a Sikorsky S-61 owned by the British Airports Authority, the "curious and unique operation" connected the rapidly growing airports in the years before the M25 motorway existed.  Although at one point the service was granted a licence to operate until 1994, the Secretary of State for Transport intervened and revoked the licence with effect from February 1986—by which time the continued existence of the link had become "a highly controversial issue" debated by Members of Parliament, airlines, airport operators, local authorities and many other interest groups.  No similar service has operated between the airports since Airlink's cessation.

British Airways Helicopters
British Airways Helicopters, previously operating as British European Airways Helicopters Ltd, was an  airline operating helicopters in the United Kingdom from 1964 to 1986. It was mainly known for providing a passenger service connecting Penzance to the Isles of Scilly, and for flights servicing North Sea oil and gas platforms.

In 1986, British Airways sold this helicopter division to Robert Maxwell, and it was renamed British International Helicopters.
Larin Paraske
Larin Paraske (December 27, 1833 – January 3, 1904) was an Izhorian runic singer. She is considered a key figure in Finnish folk poetry and has been called the "Finnish Mnemosyne". Her frequent listeners included several romantic nationalist artists, such as Jean Sibelius, seeking inspiration from her interpretations of Kalevala, an epic poem compiled from Finnish folklore by Elias Lönnrot.

Paraske could recite over 32,000 verses of poetry, which made her an important source for Karelian culture. Her poems were written down by Adolf Neovius in the 1880s, and after several years of work, approximately 1200 poems, 1750 proverbs and 336 riddles were documented, along with several Finnic lamentations known as itkuvirsi, performed by crying and sobbing.

Runic song
Runic song, also referred to as Rune song, Runo song, or Kalevala song, is a form of oral poetry and national epic historically practiced among the Baltic Finnic peoples. It includes the Finnish epic poems Kalevala and Kanteletar, as well as the Estonian Kalevipoeg. Estonian and Finnish researchers suggest the term  runosong for English translation, or local terms, such as Estonian regilaul, Seto leelo or Finnish runolaulu when it is about regional tradition.
Sosso Empire
The Sosso Empire, also written as Soso or Susu, or alternatively Kaniaga, was a kingdom of West Africa that originated as a vassal of the Ghana Empire before breaking away and conquering their former overlords. Inhabited by the Soninke ancestors of the modern-day Sosso people, it was centered in the region south of Wagadou and north of Beledougou. The empire peaked under the reign of Soumaoro Kante, who was defeated by the rising Mali Empire of Sundiata Keita.

Ghana Empire
The Ghana Empire (Arabic: غانا), also known as simply Ghana, Ghanata, or Wagadu, was an ancient western-Sahelian empire based in the modern-day southeast of Mauritania and western Mali.

It is uncertain among historians when Ghana's ruling dynasty began. The first identifiable mention of the imperial dynasty in written records was made by Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī in 830. Further information about the empire was provided by the accounts of Cordoban scholar al-Bakri when he wrote about the region in the 11th century.

After centuries of prosperity, the empire began its decline in the second millennium, and would finally become a vassal state of the rising Mali Empire at some point in the 13th century. Despite its collapse, the empire's influence can be felt in the establishment of numerous urban centers throughout its former territory. In 1957, the Gold Coast, under the leadership of Kwame Nkrumah named itself Ghana upon independence.