hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken
Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken Aktiengesellschaft (German Weapons and Munitions public limited company), known as DWM, was an arms company in Imperial Germany created in 1896 when Ludwig Loewe & Company united its weapons and ammunition production facilities within one company. In 1896 Loewe founded Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken with a munitions plant in Karlsruhe (Baden), formerly Deutsche Metallpatronenfabrik Lorenz, and the weapons plant in Berlin. Shares that Loewe had in other gun- and ammunition plants were transferred to DWM. This included Waffenfabrik Mauser, Fabrique Nationale d'Armes de Guerre (FN) in Belgium and Waffen- und Munitionsfabrik A.G. in Budapest. The DWM was orchestrated by Isidor Loewe (1848–1910), as his brother Ludwig had died in 1886. Karl Maybach (who was part of the Maybach company) was employed by the Loewe company in 1901.

Mauser
Mauser, originally the Königlich Württembergische Gewehrfabrik, was a German arms manufacturer. Their line of bolt-action rifles and semi-automatic pistols was produced beginning in the 1870s for the German armed forces. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Mauser designs were also exported and licensed to many countries, which adopted them as military and civilian sporting firearms. The Gewehr 98 in particular was widely adopted and copied, becoming one of the most copied firearms designs and it is the foundation of many of today's sporting bolt-action rifles. Around 10 million Gewehr 98-style rifles were produced.
Amalaric
Amalaric (Gothic: 𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃, Amalareiks; Spanish and Portuguese: Amalarico; c. 502–531) was king of the Visigoths from 522 until his assassination. He was a son of king Alaric II and his first wife Theodegotha, daughter of Theodoric the Great.

Alaric II
Alaric II (Gothic: 𐌰𐌻𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃, Alareiks, 'ruler of all'; Latin: Alaricus; c. 458/466 – August 507) was the King of the Visigoths from 484 until 507. He succeeded his father Euric as King of the Visigoths in Toulouse on 28 December 484; he was the great-grandson of the more famous Alaric I, who sacked Rome in 410. He established his capital at Aire-sur-l'Adour (Vicus Julii) in Aquitaine. His dominions included not only the majority of Hispania (excluding its northwestern corner) but also Gallia Aquitania and the greater part of an as-yet undivided Gallia Narbonensis.
Nakahara no Chikayoshi
Nakahara no Chikayoshi (中原 親能, 1143 - January 25, 1209) was a Japanese court noble and shogunate official of the late Heian and early Kamakura period. He served as Governor of Kyoto, Defense Commissioner of the West and Magistrate of Public Affairs under the Kamakura shogunate. As a court official he served as Vice-Minister of Saiin Palace, Vice-Governor of Mino Province, Senior Assistant to Minister of Ceremonial Affairs and Head of Bureau of Imperial Palace Cleaning, and held the court rank of Senior Fifth Rank. He was the father of Ōtomo Yoshinao, the founder of the Ōtomo clan, and has been credited for creating a foundation for the future dominant position of the Ōtomo clan in Kyushu.

Ōtomo Yoshinao
Ōtomo Yoshinao (大友 能直, January 29, 1172 - December 20, 1223) was a Japanese samurai lord and gokenin of the early Kamakura period. He was a close retainer of shogun Minamoto no Yoritomo, even called his "matchless favorite", and served as Governor of Buzen and Bungo Provinces, Defense Commissioner of the West and Lieutenant of the Left Division of Inner Palace Guards (Sakon no shōgen) under the Kamakura shogunate. He was the founder of the Ōtomo clan. He held the court rank of Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade.
New Mexico State Road 27
New Mexico State Road 27 (NM 27) is a 30.200-mile-long (48.602 km) paved, two-lane state highway in Sierra and Luna counties in the U.S. state of New Mexico. It travels south-to-north over the eastern flank of the Black Range.

The southern terminus of NM 27 is at intersection with NM 26 near a ghost town of Nutt. The northern terminus is in Hillsboro where it intersects NM 152.

NM 27 is a part of Lake Valley Back Country Byway.

New Mexico State Road 152
State Road 152 (NM 152) is a 66.067-mile-long (106.325 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 152's western terminus is in Santa Clara, at U.S. Route 180 (US 180) and NM 152's eastern terminus is at NM 187 south of Caballo.
Munich Residenz
The Residenz (German: [ʁeziˈdɛnts] ⓘ; 'Residence') in central Munich is the former royal palace of the Wittelsbach monarchs of Bavaria. The Residenz is the largest city palace in Germany and is today open to visitors for its architecture, room decorations, and displays from the former royal collections.

The complex of buildings contains ten courtyards and displays 130 rooms. The three main parts are the Königsbau (near the Max-Joseph-Platz), the Alte Residenz ('Old Residence'; towards Residenzstraße) and the Festsaalbau (towards the Hofgarten). A wing of the Festsaalbau contains the Cuvilliés Theatre since the reconstruction of the Residenz after World War II. It also houses the Herkulessaal ('Hercules Hall'), the primary concert venue for the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra.
The Byzantine Court Church of All Saints (Allerheiligen-Hofkirche) at the east side is facing the Marstall, the building for the former Court Riding School and the royal stables.

Allerheiligen-Hofkirche
The Allerheiligen-Hofkirche (Court Church of All Saints) is a Catholic church in the Munich Residenz designed by Leo von Klenze and built between 1826 and 1837.

The church was badly damaged from bombing during World War II and for decades remained a ruin before undergoing partial restoration and secularization. It is now used for concerts and events.
Jackie Brown
Jackie Brown is a 1997 American crime film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, based on the 1992 novel Rum Punch by Elmore Leonard. It stars Pam Grier, Samuel L. Jackson, Robert Forster, Bridget Fonda, Michael Keaton and Robert De Niro. In the film, Jackie Brown (Grier), a flight attendant, becomes embroiled in a battle to smuggle money between the United States and Mexico.

Jackie Brown pays homage to 1970s blaxploitation films, particularly Coffy and Foxy Brown, both of which also starred Grier. It is the only feature-length film directed by Tarantino that was based on another work.

Jackie Brown was released in the United States on December 25, 1997, by Miramax Films. It received positive reviews and grossed $74.7 million worldwide on a $12 million budget. It was both Grier and Forster's first lead role in a major film for many years, and earned a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for Forster, and Golden Globe Award nominations for Jackson and Grier.

Foxy Brown (film)
Foxy Brown is a 1974 American blaxploitation action film written and directed by Jack Hill. It stars Pam Grier as the title character who takes on a gang of drug dealers who killed her boyfriend. The film was released by American International Pictures as a double feature with Truck Turner. The film uses Afrocentric references in clothing and hair. Grier starred in six blaxploitation films for American International Pictures.

While not prosecuted for obscenity, the film was seized and confiscated in the United Kingdom under section 3 of the Obscene Publications Act 1959 during the video nasty panic.
X-ray (chess)
In chess, an X-ray or X-ray attack is a tactic where a piece indirectly controls a square from the other side of an intervening piece. Generally, a piece performing an X-ray either:

effects a skewer,

indirectly attacks an enemy piece through another piece or pieces, or

defends a friendly piece through an enemy piece.

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
The Monitor (Texas)
The Monitor is a newspaper in McAllen, Texas, United States. Along with the Valley Morning Star and The Brownsville Herald, The Monitor is part of MyRGV, the umbrella publication company for the three newspapers.

Valley Morning Star
The Valley Morning Star, established in 1909 as the Harlingen Star, is an American newspaper published in Harlingen in the U.S. state of Texas. Along with The Brownsville Herald and The Monitor, the Valley Morning Star is part of MyRGV, the umbrella publication company for the three newspapers.
Pennsylvania Route 913
Pennsylvania Route 913 (PA 913) is a 17.7-mile-long (28.5 km) state highway located in Bedford, Huntingdon, and Fulton counties in Pennsylvania.  The western terminus is at PA 26 in Saxton.  The eastern terminus is at PA 655 in Taylor Township.

Pennsylvania Route 655
Pennsylvania Route 655 (PA 655) is an 83-mile-long (134 km) north–south state highway located in central Pennsylvania. The southern terminus of the route is at the Mason–Dixon line in Thompson Township, where the road becomes a local road (North Pennsylvania Avenue) in Hancock, Maryland. The northern terminus is at State Route 1005 (SR 1005), the former alignment of U.S. Route 322 (US 322), in Reedsville.
Sumuru
Sumuru /ˈsuːməruː/ is a female supervillain created by Sax Rohmer, author of the Fu Manchu series of novels. She first appeared in a 1945-1946 BBC radio serial, which was rewritten as a novel in 1950. Four more novels were published between 1951 and 1956. Two movies were then made in the 1960s and one more in 2003.

Fu Manchu
Dr. Fu Manchu (Chinese: 傅滿洲/福滿洲; pinyin: Fú Mǎnzhōu) is a supervillain who was introduced in a series of novels by the English author Sax Rohmer beginning shortly before World War I and continuing for another forty years. The character featured in cinema, television, radio, comic strips and comic books for over 100 years, and he has also become an archetype of the evil criminal genius and mad scientist, while lending his name to the Fu Manchu moustache.
The Naked Sun
The Naked Sun is a science fiction novel by American writer Isaac Asimov, the second in his Robot series. Like its  predecessor, The Caves of Steel, this is a whodunit story. It was first published in book form in 1957 after being serialized in Astounding Science Fiction between October and December 1956.

Robot series
The Robot series is a series of 37 science fiction short stories and six novels created by American writer Isaac Asimov; the books were published between 1940 and 1995. The series is set in a world where sentient positronic robots serve a number of purposes in society. To ensure their loyalty, the Three Laws of Robotics are programmed into these robots, with the intent of preventing them from ever becoming a danger to humanity. Later, Asimov merged the Robot series with his Foundation series.
March of Carinthia
The March of Carinthia (Markgrafschaft Karantanien) was a frontier district (march, or margraviate) of the Carolingian Empire. It was created in 889, by king Arnulf of East Francia, encompassing the region of Carantania. Before it became a march, it was organized as a county, since 828 under the Bavarian jurisdiction. In 976, the march of Carinthia was raised into a Duchy.

In the meantime, a new Carinthian "transalpine" march (that is, a march beyond the mountains, defending the Carinthia proper) was created in eastern regions, on the river Mur (thus also known as the march on the Mur), and that new province was later transformed into the March of Styria.

March of Styria
The March of Styria (Latin: Marchia Stirensis; German: Steiermark; Slovene: Štajerska) was a southeastern frontier march of the Holy Roman Empire, encompassing various regions around the river Mur. Created sometime before 970, it was broken off the larger March of Carinthia, itself a march of the Duchy of Bavaria, and established as a buffer zone against the Hungarian invasions. In 976, it was transferred to the jurisdiction of the newly created Duchy of Carinthia. It became an Imperial State in its own right, when it was elevated to the Duchy of Styria in 1180.
Toronto Computer Leasing Inquiry
The Toronto Computer Leasing Inquiry was a judicial inquiry into allegations of conflict of interest, bribery and misappropriation of funds around computer leasing contracts entered into by the City of Toronto government in 1998 and 1999. It was held concurrently with the Toronto External Contracts Inquiry.

Toronto External Contracts Inquiry
The Toronto External Contracts Inquiry is a judicial inquiry into allegations of conflict of interest around contracts entered into by Toronto, Ontario's municipal government in 1998 and 1999.

It is a follow-up to the city's earlier Computer Leasing Inquiry, and is investigating three other questionable contracts. However, as with the earlier inquiry, the External Contracts Inquiry is commissioned by Madam Justice Denise Bellamy of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice.

The External Contracts Inquiry was established by Toronto City Council on October 1, 2002, as an expansion of the Computer Leasing Inquiry. It began hearings on October 18, 2004, after the Computer Leasing Inquiry ended.
Sarah Gibson (composer)
Sarah Elizabeth Gibson (May 21, 1986 – July 14, 2024) was an American pianist and composer. She and pianist and composer Thomas Kotcheff formed a piano duo, Hocket. Her compositions have been performed by major orchestras throughout the United States and in Europe.

Thomas Kotcheff
Thomas Kotcheff (born October 14, 1988) is an American composer and pianist who currently resides in Los Angeles. He is a winner of a 2016 Charles Ives Prize from the American Academy of Arts and Letters and a 2015 Presser Foundation Music Award. He composed and orchestrated music for the soundtrack of the 2023 film Oppenheimer by Christopher Nolan which won the Best Score Soundtrack For Visual Media at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards and the Best Original Score at the 96th Academy Awards.
Good Guys (American company)
The Good Guys, Inc., was an American chain of consumer electronics retail stores with 71 stores in California, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington. The company was headquartered in Brisbane, California, in the Dakin Building in the early 1990s and subsequently in Alameda, California, until it was bought in late 2003 by Mexican businessman Carlos Slim, who also purchased CompUSA, OfficeMax, Barnes & Noble, Office Depot, Borders, and Circuit City. The Good Guys was founded in 1973 by Ron Unkefer on Chestnut Street, San Francisco. By 2006, all of the company's stores had closed.

CompUSA
CompUSA was an American retailer and reseller of personal computers, consumer electronics, technology products and computer services. Starting with one brick-and-mortar store in 1986 under the name Soft Warehouse, by the 1990s CompUSA had grown into a nationwide big box chain. At its peak, it operated at least 229 locations. Crushed by competition from other brick-and-mortar retailers, corporate oversight which was out of touch with evolving market realities, and a failure to make a strong transition to online sales, CompUSA began closing what they classified as "low performing" locations in 2006. By 2008 only 16 locations were left to be sold to Systemax. In 2012, remaining CompUSA and Circuit City stores were converted to TigerDirect stores, and later closed. As of 2023, the CompUSA online website redirects to an error page.
Isopropylamphetamine
Isopropylamphetamine is a psychostimulant of the substituted amphetamine class. It is an isomer of propylamphetamine and was discovered by a team at Astra Läkemedel AB. The isopropyl moiety reduces the stimulant activity of the compound but greatly increases the duration of action. For this reason, the compound is not used recreationally.

Propylamphetamine
Propylamphetamine (code name PAL-424; also known as N-propylamphetamine or NPA) is a psychostimulant of the amphetamine family which was never marketed. It was first developed in the 1970s, mainly for research into the metabolism of, and as a comparison tool to, other amphetamines.

Propylamphetamine is inactive as a dopamine releasing agent in vitro and instead acts as a low-potency dopamine reuptake inhibitor with an IC50Tooltip half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 1,013 nM. The drug can be N-dealkylated to form amphetamine (10–20% excreted in urine after 24 hours). A study in rats found propylamphetamine to be approximately 4-fold less potent than amphetamine.
Ahmed Attoumani Douchina
Ahmed Attoumani Douchina (born January 2, 1955) is a Mahoran politician. Douchina served as the President of the Departmental Council of Mayotte between 20 March 2009 and 3 April 2011, when he was succeeded by Daniel Zaïdani. Zaudani narrowly defeated Douchina 10-9 (by just one vote) in the council's presidential election.

Daniel Zaïdani
Daniel Zaïdani (born 14 May 1975) is a Mayotte politician, who has served as the President of the Members of the Departmental Council of Mayotte since succeeding Ahmed Attoumani Douchina on 3 April 2011.
Moose Jaw
Moose Jaw is the fourth largest city in Saskatchewan, Canada. Lying on the Moose Jaw River in the south-central part of the province, it is situated on the Trans-Canada Highway, 177 km (110 mi) east of Swift Current and 77 km (48 mi) west of Regina. Residents of Moose Jaw are known as Moose Javians. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Moose Jaw No. 161.

Moose Jaw is an industrial centre and a critical railway junction for the area's agricultural produce. CFB Moose Jaw, located a few kilometres south of the city, is a NATO flight training school and is home to the Snowbirds, Canada's military aerobatic air show flight demonstration team. Moose Jaw also has a casino and geothermal spa.

Rural Municipality of Moose Jaw No. 161
The Rural Municipality of Moose Jaw No. 161 (2016 population: 1,163) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 7 and SARM Division No. 2. It is located in the south-central portion of the province, surrounding the city of Moose Jaw.
Moroccans
Moroccans (Arabic: المغاربة, romanised: al-Maġāriba) are the citizens and nationals of Morocco. The country's population is predominantly composed of Arabs and Berbers. The term also applies more broadly to any people who share a common Moroccan culture and identity, as well as those who natively speak Moroccan Arabic or other languages of Morocco.

In addition to the approximately 37 million residents of Morocco, there is a large Moroccan diaspora. Considerable Moroccan populations can be found in France, Spain, Belgium, Italy, and the Netherlands; with smaller notable concentrations in other Arab states as well as Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada.

Moroccan Americans
Moroccan Americans (Arabic: المغاربة في الولايات المتحدة, romanized: al-Maghāribah fī al-Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah) are  Americans citizens who are of Moroccan descent, either fully or partially. It is also applied to Americans who hold dual citizenship in the United States and Morocco.
Meenakshi Srinivasan
Meenakshi Srinivasan (born 11 June 1971) is an Indian classical dancer and choreographer, and an exponent of the Pandanallur style of Bharatnatyam. She trained under Alarmel Valli and is considered among the most promising soloists of the younger generation of dancers in this traditional style.

She has performed at the annual international dance festival of the Madras Music Academy, the SIFAS Festival of Indian Classical Music and Dance in Singapore, and the Musee Guimet in Paris, among many others.  She received the Ustad Bismillah Khan Yuva Puraskar from Sangeet Natak Akademi in 2011.

In addition Srinivasan is a professional architect and runs a boutique architectural practice called Calm Studio in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Alarmel Valli
Alarmel Valli (born 14 September 1956) is an Indian classical dancer and Bharatanatyam-Pandanallur choreographer.

She founded The Dipasikha Dance Foundation in Chennai in 1984, where she teaches Bharatanatyam.

In 1991, Alarmel Valli was the second youngest dancer to be conferred the Padma Shri from the Government of India, after Vyjayanthimala. She was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 2001 by India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama, followed by the Padma Bhushan award from the Government of India in 2004 and Chevalier of Arts and Letters award from the Government of France, also in 2004.
Ahwenepa nkasa
Ahwenepa nkasa is the Ghanaian given name for a fabric print found in Ghana, Togo, Benin and the Ivory Coast. This fabric is produced by Ghana Textiles Company (GTP) under VLISCO and Akosombo Industrial Company Limited, formerly called Akosombo Textile Limited (ATL). This fabric design is considered a classic design in West Africa just as other designs like L’Oeil de Boeuf  and Sika wo ntaban.

Sika Wo Ntaban (fabric)
Sika Wɔ Ntaban is the Ghanaian given name for a fabric print found in Ghana, Togo and Nigeria. This fabric is produced by Ghana Textiles Company(GTP) under VLISCO and Akosombo Industrial Company Limited formerly called Akosombo Textiles Limited(ATL).
Long Way Up
Long Way Up is a British television series which debuted on 18 September 2020, documenting a motorcycle journey undertaken in 2019 by Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman, from Ushuaia in Argentina through South and Central America to Los Angeles in the United States. It is a follow-up to 2004's Long Way Round where the pair rode from London to New York, and to 2007's Long Way Down, when they rode from John o' Groats in Scotland to Cape Town in South Africa.

The first three episodes of Long Way Up premiered globally on Apple TV+ on Friday, 18 September 2020, and eight further episodes aired weekly through to 13 November 2020.

Long Way Round
Long Way Round (LWR) is a British television series and book documenting the 19,000-mile (31,000 km) journey of Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman from London to New York City on motorcycles. They travelled eastwards through Europe and Asia, flew to Alaska, and continued by road to New York. The series aired on Sky One from 18 October 2004 – 1 February 2005 and was repeated on BBC Two in 2008. The series was added to Apple TV+ in 2020, along with its sequels, Long Way Down (2007) and Long Way Up (2020), followed by Long Way Home (2025).
Ohio State Route 46
State Route 46 (SR 46) is a north–south state highway in the northeastern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio.  Its southern terminus is at State Route 170 in East Palestine (this point is also the eastern terminus of State Route 558), and its northern terminus is at State Route 11 several miles south of State Route 531 in Plymouth Township.  In its northernmost portion, from south of Ashtabula to Cortland, Route 46 is a 2-lane highway while running parallel within a few miles to limited-access State Route 11 to the east.

Ohio State Route 558
State Route 558 (SR 558) is a 15.74-mile (25.33 km) state route that runs between Salem and East Palestine in the US state of Ohio. Most of the route is a rural two-lane highway and passes through farmland, woodland and residential properties.

The highway was first signed in 1937 on much the same alignment as today. SR 558 replaced the SR 154 designation of the highway which dated back to 1923; SR 194 ran between Lisbon and East Palestine. Some of the highway was paved in 1937, with the rest of the route being paved by 1961.
Inuvik Boot Lake
Inuvik Boot Lake is a territorial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Together with Inuvik Twin Lakes, it is one of two electoral districts that represent Inuvik; both were created in 1999 from the previous monolithic Inuvik riding.

Inuvik Twin Lakes
Inuvik Twin Lakes is a territorial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories, Canada. It is one of two districts that represent Inuvik, alongside the district of Inuvik Boot Lake. The electoral districts were created in 1999 from the old Inuvik electoral district.