hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thal Ghat
Thal Ghat (also called as Thul Ghat or Kasara Ghat) is a ghat section (mountain incline or slope) in the Western Ghats near the town of Kasara in Maharashtra. The Thal Ghat is located on the busy Mumbai–Nashik route,  and is one of the four major routes, rail and road routes, leading into Mumbai. The railway line, which passes through the ghat is the steepest in India with a gradient of 1 in 37.

Kasara
Kasara is a census town in the Thane district of Maharashtra, India. The town is located on the busy Mumbai–Nashik route, which is one of the four major routes that lead into Mumbai. Kasara is served by a railway station on the Mumbai Suburban Railway, and is the final stop in the north-east sector of the Central Line and important railway station. That  is for abbreviation for Kasara Local is set as "N" means North side Local's Last Station. Town is also known for the winding Thal Ghat or better known as Kasara Ghats.

One of India's longest road tunnels is located in Kasara. It connects Igatpuri and Kasara under the Nagpur Mumbai Super Communication Expressway (NMSCE), also known as Samruddhi Mahamarg. The tunnel is 7.7 km long which makes it the longest road tunnel in Maharashtra.
Redondo Beach Unified School District
Redondo Beach Unified School District is a school district with approximately 10,000 students headquartered in Redondo Beach, California.  The school district consists of eight elementary schools, two middle schools, one high school, one continuation school, and one adult school.

RBUSD serves the city of Redondo Beach. In addition, residents of Hermosa Beach may choose to attend Redondo Union High School of RBUSD or the Mira Costa High School of the Manhattan Beach Unified School District.

Redondo Beach, California
Redondo Beach (Redondo, Spanish for 'round') is a coastal city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, located in the South Bay region of the Greater Los Angeles area. It is one of three adjacent beach cities along the southern portion of Santa Monica Bay. The population was 71,576 at the 2020 census, up from 66,748 in 2010.

Redondo Beach was originally part of the 1784 Rancho San Pedro Spanish land grant that later became the South Redondo area. The primary attractions include Municipal Pier and the sandy beach, popular with tourists and a variety of sports enthusiasts. The Southern terminus of the Metro Rail K Line (formerly the Western Terminus of the Metro Rail C Line) is in North Redondo Beach.
Lathom
Lathom (/ˈleɪðəm/) is a village and civil parish in Lancashire, England, near Skelmersdale, about 3 miles (5 km) east of Ormskirk. It is in the district of West Lancashire, and with the parish of Newburgh forms part of Newburgh ward. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 914. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal passes through the parish of Lathom.

Ormskirk
Ormskirk is a market town in the West Lancashire district of Lancashire, England. Ormskirk is a market town in the West Lancashire district of Lancashire, England. It is located 13 miles (21 km) northeast of Liverpool, 11 miles (18 km) northwest of St Helens, 9 miles (14 km) southeast of Southport and 18 miles (29 km) southwest of Preston. Ormskirk is known for its gingerbread. In 2011 it had a population of 24,073.

Ormskirk is home to Edge Hill University.
Franz Osten
Franz Osten (23 December 1876 in Munich – 2 December 1956) was a Bavarian filmmaker who along with Himansu Rai was among the first retainers of Bombay Talkies. Osten partnered with Rai on a number of India's earliest blockbuster films like Achhut Kanya and Jeevan Naiya.

Himanshu Rai
Himanshu Rai (1892 – 16 May 1940) was an Indian actor and film director. Regarded as one of the pioneers of Indian cinema, he is best known as the founder of the studio in 1934, along with Devika Rani. He was associated with a number of movies, including Goddess (1922), The Light of Asia (1925), Shiraz (1928), A Throw of Dice (1929) and Karma (1933). He was married to actress Devika Rani Chaudhuri (1929–1940).
Vodafone Netherlands
Vodafone Libertel B.V. is the third largest mobile phone company in the Netherlands, and was previously called Libertel. It is part of VodafoneZiggo, a joint venture between Ziggo and Vodafone Group.

It offers 2G GSM, 2.5G GPRS on the 900 MHz frequency band, 4G LTE on the 800 MHz, 1500 MHz, 1800 MHz, 2100 MHz and 2600 MHz frequency bands, and 5G NR services via dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) on band n3 (1800MHz) and non-DSS on band n28 (700MHz) and band n78 (3500MHz). It previously offered UMTS, HSDPA, and HSPA+  3G services (on the 2100 MHz frequency band) until their shutdown in February 2020.

Vodafone Netherlands currently has 5.584 million mobile customers. Vodafone Netherlands currently operates one subbrand using its network called hollandsnieuwe (launched in January 2011).

As of 2008, Vodafone Netherlands is based in Maastricht and Amsterdam and has around 2,800 employees.

Ziggo
Ziggo Holding B.V. (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzɪɡoː] or [ˈzɪɣoː]) is the largest cable operator in the Netherlands, providing digital cable television, Internet, and telephone service to both residential and commercial customers.
Minicraft
Minicraft is a 2D top-down action game designed and programmed by Markus Persson, the creator of Minecraft, for the 22nd Ludum Dare, a 48-hour game programming competition. The game was released on December 19, 2011.

Ludum Dare
Ludum Dare (LD; Classical Latin: [ˈluːdũː ˈdarɛ], meaning 'to give a game', also referenced as LDJAM) is a game jam competition. It was founded by Geoff Howland and was first held in April 2002. It is currently run by Mike Kasprzak, who has been part of the team since the beginning. Participants are required to create a video game that fits within a given theme in two or three days. Participants often release a time-lapse video of the development of their game.
Albertinum
The Albertinum (German pronunciation: [albɛʁˈtiːnʊm]) is a modern art museum. The sandstone-clad Renaissance Revival building is located on Brühl's Terrace in the historic center of Dresden, Germany. It is named after King Albert of Saxony.

The Albertinum hosts the New Masters Gallery (Galerie Neue Meister) and the Sculpture Collection (Skulpturensammlung) of the Dresden State Art Collections. The museum presents both paintings and sculptures from Romanticism to the present, covering a period of some 200 years.

Albert, King of Saxony
Albert (23 April 1828 – 19 June 1902) was King of Saxony from 29 October 1873 until his death in 1902.

He was the eldest son of Prince John (who succeeded his brother Frederick Augustus II on the Saxon throne as King John in 1854) by his wife Amalie Auguste of Bavaria.

Albert had a successful military career, leading Saxon troops that participated in the First Schleswig War, the Austro-Prussian War, and the Franco-Prussian War.
Segunda División de El Salvador
The Segunda División de El Salvador (Second Division of El Salvador) is the second tier of football in El Salvador governed by the Federación Salvadoreña de Fútbol (FESFUT). Teams contest to promote to the Primera División.

The winning sides of the annual Apertura and Clausura contest each other, the winner directly promotes to Primera División.

The losing side of the match contest the last place team of Primera División to trigger promotion and relegation should the Primera División team lose to the Segunda División side.

Football in El Salvador
The sport of football in the country of El Salvador is run by the Salvadoran Football Association. The association administers the national football team, as well as the Primera División de Fútbol de El Salvador, the top level in its league system. Football is the most popular sport in the country. Approximately 50% of the people in El Salvador are considered football fans. The other countries in Central America with an equal or higher percentage are Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras and Panama.
F. W. J. Palmer
Frederick William J. Palmer, CE, (1864–1947), known professionally as F. W. J. Palmer, was an English civil engineer, structural engineer and surveyor. From 1891 he was Surveyor to Herne Bay Urban District Council.  As Town Surveyor between at least 1891 and 1915 he was responsible for arranging the digging up of a great deal of Herne Bay. He organised the reconstruction of all the main roads, saw to the rebuilding of the council offices and Hampton Pier and led the construction of a new sea wall. He led the Sewerage of the East Cliff and nine miles of private roads at the east end of Herne Bay. He designed both phases (1904 and 1913) of the King's Hall, Herne Bay. His works helped to provide employment and to make the town what it is today. Archaeological artefacts turned up by his constant digging contributed to the collection now in Herne Bay Museum.

Herne Bay Museum and Gallery
The Seaside Museum Herne Bay is a local museum in Herne Bay, Kent, England.  It was established in 1932, (as the Herne Bay Museum) and is notable for being a seaside tourist attraction featuring local archaeological and social history, for featuring the history of the town as a tourist resort, for its local art exhibitions and for its World War II bouncing bomb. The management of the Museum was awarded by Canterbury City Council to the Herne Bay Museum Trust, who reopened it in July 2015, as The Seaside Museum Herne Bay.
Interval estimation
In statistics, interval estimation is the use of sample data to estimate an interval of possible values of a (sample) parameter of interest. This is in contrast to point estimation, which gives a single value.

The most prevalent forms of interval estimation are confidence intervals (a frequentist method) and  credible intervals (a Bayesian method). Less common forms include likelihood intervals, fiducial intervals, tolerance intervals, and prediction intervals. For a non-statistical method, interval estimates can be deduced from fuzzy logic.

Fiducial inference
Fiducial inference is one of a number of different types of statistical inference. These are rules, intended for general application, by which conclusions can be drawn from samples of data. In modern statistical practice, attempts to work with fiducial inference have fallen out of fashion in favour of frequentist inference, Bayesian inference and decision theory. However, fiducial inference is important in the history of statistics since its development led to the parallel development of concepts and tools in theoretical statistics that are widely used. Some current research in statistical methodology is either explicitly linked to fiducial inference or is closely connected to it.
Key System
The Key System (or Key Route) was a privately owned company that provided mass transit in the cities of Oakland, Berkeley, Alameda, Emeryville, Piedmont, San Leandro, Richmond, Albany, and El Cerrito in the eastern San Francisco Bay Area from 1903 until 1960, when it was sold to a newly formed public agency, AC Transit. The Key System consisted of local streetcar and bus lines in the East Bay, and commuter rail and bus lines connecting the East Bay to San Francisco by a ferry pier on San Francisco Bay, later via the lower deck of the Bay Bridge. At its height during the 1940s, the Key System had over 66 miles (106 km) of track. The local streetcars were discontinued in 1948 and the commuter trains to San Francisco were discontinued in 1958. The Key System's territory is today served by BART and AC Transit bus service.

East Bay
37°42′N 122°00′W﻿ / ﻿37.7°N 122°W﻿ / 37.7; -122

The East Bay is the eastern region of the San Francisco Bay Area and includes cities along the eastern shores of San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay. The region has grown to include inland communities in Alameda and Contra Costa counties. With a population of roughly 2.8 million in 2024, it is the most populous subregion in the Bay Area, containing the second- and third-most populous Bay Area counties of Alameda (1.7 million) and Contra Costa (1.1 million).

Oakland is the largest city in the East Bay by population and the third largest in the Bay Area. The city serves as a major transportation hub for the U.S. West Coast, and its port is the largest in Northern California. Increased population has led to the growth of large edge cities such as Alameda, Concord, Emeryville, Fremont, Hayward, Livermore, Pleasanton, San Ramon, and Walnut Creek.
Summerland Oil Field
The Summerland Oil Field (and Summerland Offshore Oil Field) is an inactive oil field in Santa Barbara County, California, about four miles (6 km) east of the city of Santa Barbara, within and next to the unincorporated community of Summerland.  First developed in the 1890s, and richly productive in the early 20th century, the Summerland Oil Field was the location of the world's first offshore oil wells, drilled from piers in 1896.  This field, which was the first significant field to be developed in Santa Barbara County, produced 3.18 million of barrels of oil during its 50-year lifespan, finally being abandoned in 1939-40.  Another nearby oil field entirely offshore, discovered in 1957 and named the Summerland Offshore Oil Field, produced from two drilling platforms in the Santa Barbara Channel before being abandoned in 1996.

Summerland, California
Summerland is a census designated place (CDP) in Santa Barbara County, California. The population was 1,222 at the 2020 census, down from 1,448 at the 2010 census.

The town includes a school and a Presbyterian Church. There are many small businesses.
Caboolture, Queensland
Caboolture (/kəˈbʊltʃər/) is a town and suburb in the City of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. It is located on the northern side of the Caboolture River. In the 2021 census, the suburb of Caboolture had a population of 29,534 people.

City of Moreton Bay
The City of Moreton Bay, known until July 2023 as the Moreton Bay Region, is a local government area in the north of Greater Brisbane in South East Queensland, Australia. Established in 2008, it replaced three established local government areas, the City of Redcliffe and the Shires of Pine Rivers and Caboolture.

With an estimated operating budget of A$391 million and a 2018 population of 459,585, Moreton Bay is the third most populous local government area in Australia behind the City of Brisbane and City of Gold Coast, both of which are also amalgamated entities.

In the 2021 census, the City of Moreton Bay had a population of 476,340 people.
Burlington Transit
Burlington Transit is the public transport provider in the city of Burlington, Ontario, Canada. Services began in September 1975, after the city had been served by neighbouring systems including Hamilton Street Railway (HSR) and former subsidiary Canada Coach Lines, as well as "local" services to and from Toronto once provided by Gray Coach Lines and GO Transit along Lakeshore Road (Highway 2).

Burlington Transit is a member of the Canadian Urban Transit Association, and their union is ran by Canadian Union of Public Employees Local #2723.

It connects with Hamilton Street Railway to the south and west and Oakville Transit to the east. In addition, the Appleby, Burlington, and Aldershot GO Transit stations on the Lakeshore West line are also connected. Burlington Transit operates a partial grid network using the GO stations and a downtown terminal as transfer points.

Hamilton Street Railway
The Hamilton Street Railway (HSR) is the public transport agency for Hamilton, Ontario. The name is a legacy of the company's early period, when public transit in Hamilton was primarily served by streetcars. Although streetcars are no longer used in the city today, the HSR operates bus and paratransit services, with a ridership of 21 million passengers a year.
Bucha, Ukraine
Bucha (Ukrainian: Буча, pronounced [ˈbutʃɐ] ⓘ) is a city in Ukraine's Kyiv Oblast. Administratively, it serves as the administrative center of Bucha Raion. It hosts the administration of Bucha urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is approximately 37,321 (2022 estimate). Bucha Day is celebrated in the city between 11 and 13 September.

The battle of Bucha was a major part of the northern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The battle lasted from 27 February to 31 March 2022, when Russian forces withdrew and mayor Anatolii Fedoruk reported that the city had been fully retaken.

After Ukrainian forces regained control of Bucha, reports and testimonies of war crimes committed by the Russian military began to circulate. These war crimes have been collectively labeled the Bucha massacre.

Bucha Raion
Bucha Raion (Ukrainian: Бучанський район, romanized: Buchanskyi raion) is a raion (district) of Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine. It was created in July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. Its administrative center is the town of Bucha. One abolished raion, Borodianka Raion, parts of abolished Kyiv-Sviatoshyn and Makariv Raions, as well as Irpin Municipality and the city of Bucha, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance, were merged into Bucha Raion. The population of the raion is 375,536 (2022 estimate).
Nonexplosive stop
In phonetics and phonology, nonexplosive stops are posited class of non-pulmonic ("non-obstruent") stop consonants that lack the pressure build-up and burst release associated with pulmonic stops, but also the laryngeal lowering of implosive stops. They are reported to occur in Ikwere, an Igboid (Niger–Congo) language of Nigeria.

Ikwere's two nonexplosive stops, transcribed as voiced ⟨ḅ⟩ and pre-glottalized ⟨ʼḅ⟩, correspond to labial-velars /k͡p/ and /ɡ͡b/, respectively, in most other Igboid languages, and to implosives /ɓ̥/ and /ɓ/ in some varieties of Igbo. Ikwere's stops resemble both, in that they are velarized and have a non-pulmonic airstream mechanism.

Plosive
In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

The occlusion may be made with the tongue tip or blade ([t], [d]), tongue body ([k], [ɡ]), lips ([p], [b]), or glottis ([ʔ]). Plosives contrast with nasals, where the vocal tract is blocked but airflow continues through the nose, as in /m/ and /n/, and with fricatives, where partial occlusion impedes but does not block airflow in the vocal tract.
Mott scattering
In physics, Mott scattering is elastic electron scattering from nuclei. It is a form of Coulomb scattering that requires treatment of spin-coupling. It is named after Nevill Francis Mott, who first developed the theory in 1929.

Mott scattering is similar to Rutherford scattering but electrons are used instead of alpha particles as they do not interact via the strong interaction (only through weak interaction and electromagnetism), which enable electrons to penetrate the atomic nucleus, giving valuable insight into the nuclear structure.

Coulomb scattering
Coulomb scattering is the elastic scattering of charged particles by the Coulomb interaction.  
The physical phenomenon was used by Ernest Rutherford in a classic 1911 paper that eventually led to the widespread use of scattering in particle physics to study subatomic matter. The details of Coulomb scattering vary with the mass and properties of the target particles, leading to special subtypes and a variety of applications. 
Rutherford scattering refers to two nuclear particles and is exploited by the materials science community in an analytical technique called Rutherford backscattering. Electron on nuclei are employed in electron polarimeters and, for coherent electron sources, in many different kinds of electron diffraction.
Olympia Odos
Olympia Odos is a toll motorway system on the Peloponnese in Greece. Starting from Eleusis in the Athens metropolitan area, the Olympia Odos motorways follow the Gulf of Corinth to the Rio–Antirrio bridge and the city of Patras, and along the Ionian Sea coastline, in future down to Tsakona (near Meligalas) in the southwestern Peloponnese where it will intersect with the A7 motorway.

Olympia Odos consists of two motorways:

The A8 (Athens – Patras), constructed in 1962–1973 as National Road 8α. During the 1990s the Elefsina – Corinth section was upgraded to motorway standards. The Corinth – Patras upgrade to motorway standards was completed in April 2017.

The southern part of the A5 (Patras – Pyrgos), which passes by the namesake ancient city of Olympia. This motorway is currently under construction.

The 210 km (130 mi) motorway is a toll-road linking Athens to Patras and, in the future, will extend a further 163 km to Tsakona in the south-west of the Peloponnese.

A8 motorway (Greece)
The A8 motorway, also known as the Olympia Odos (Greek: Ολυμπία Οδός), is a toll motorway in southwestern Greece, which connects Athens with Pyrgos and Patras via Corinth, spanning a total of 290 km (180 mi).

The motorway replaces Greek National Road 8A, which has been upgraded to modern motorway standards. The completion date was scheduled for 2014. Since April 2017, the entire motorway from Eleusis to Patras is fully operational. The extension to Pyrgos opened in 2025. The future extension to Tsakona near Kalamata is in the planning stages.
Abha International Airport
Abha International Airport (Arabic: مطار أبها الدولي, IATA: AHB, ICAO: OEAB) is an airport in Abha, the capital of Asir Province in Saudi Arabia.

The site was a new construction area between the cities of Khamis Mushait and Abha, and served both equally.

Abha
Abha (Arabic: أَبْهَا, ʾAbhā) is the capital of Asir Province in Saudi Arabia. It is situated 2,270 metres (7,450 feet) above sea level in the fertile Asir Mountains of south-western Saudi Arabia, near Asir National Park. Abha's mild climate makes it a popular tourist destination for Saudis. Saudis also call the city the Bride of Mountain due to its position above the sea.
2007 Seville municipal election
A municipal election was held in Seville on Sunday, 27 May 2007, to elect the 8th City Council of the municipality. All 33 seats in the City Council were up for election. It was held concurrently with regional elections in thirteen autonomous communities and local elections all across Spain.

City Council of Seville
The City Council of Seville (Spanish: Ayuntamiento de Sevilla) is the top-tier administrative and governing body (ayuntamiento) of the municipality of Seville, Spain. In terms of political structure, it consists of the invested Mayor of Seville, currently Juan Espadas, the Local Executive Board (Junta de Gobierno Local), the deputy mayors, and an elected 31-member deliberative Plenary (Pleno) with scrutiny powers. Each district in the municipality has its corresponding executive board (junta municipal de distrito).
Calpella, California
Calpella (Pomo: Kalpela, meaning "Mussel bearer") is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Mendocino County, California, United States. It is located on the Russian River, 6 miles (10 km) north of Ukiah. It is situated within the Ukiah Valley, at the intersection of U.S. Route 101 and State Route 20. The population was 799 at the 2020 census, up from 679 in 2010. The small town is the site of the Mendocino Redwood Company mill and offices, which controls ten percent of the private land in the county.

California State Route 20
State Route 20 (SR 20) is a state highway in the northern-central region of the U.S. state of California, running east–west north of Sacramento from the North Coast to the Sierra Nevada. Its west end is at SR 1 in Fort Bragg, from where it heads east past Clear Lake, Colusa, Yuba City, Marysville and Nevada City to I-80 near Emigrant Gap, where eastbound traffic can continue on other routes to Lake Tahoe or Nevada.

Portions of SR 20 are built near the routing of what was first a wagon road and later a turnpike in the late 19th century. This road was extended through the state highway system all the way to Ukiah in the early 20th century, and the missing link near Clear Lake was completed in 1932 before the official designation of this highway as SR 20 in 1934. There have been subsequent improvements to the road, such as the conversion of the Grass Valley portion of the route to freeway standards.