hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Star Banc Corporation
Star Banc Corporation was a Cincinnati, Ohio-based regional bank holding company that acquired Firstar in 1998 and took the Firstar name; the merged bank acquired U.S. Bancorp in 2001 and took the U.S. Bancorp name. The company can trace its origins back to 1863 when it was first founded as the First National Bank of Cincinnati.

Firstar Corporation
Firstar Corporation was a Milwaukee, Wisconsin-based regional bank holding company that existed from 1853 to 2001.  In 2001, Firstar acquired U.S. Bancorp and assumed its name, moving its headquarters to Minneapolis.
Pontifical Urban University
The Pontifical Urban University, also called the Urbaniana after its names in both Latin and Italian, is a pontifical university that was under the authority of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. The university's mission is to train priests, religious brothers and sisters, and lay people for service as missionaries. Its campus is located on the Janiculum Hill in Rome, on extraterritorial property of the Holy See. It was formerly known as the Urban College, or Collegium Urbanum.

Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide
The Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide (English: Pontifical Urban College for the Propagation of the Faith), also known as the Collegium Urbanum or Urban College, was a Catholic seminary established in 1627 for the purpose of training missionaries to spread the faith around the world. It is now known as the Pontifical Urban University.
Christopher Karpowitz
Christopher F. Karpowitz (born January 13, 1969) is an associate professor of political science at Brigham Young University. He is also an associate director of Brigham Young University's Center for the Study of Elections and Democracy.

He co-authored The Silent Sex: Gender, Deliberation, and Institutions with Tali Mendelberg.

Tali Mendelberg
Tali Mendelberg (born 1964) is the John Work Garrett Professor in Politics at Princeton University, co-director of the Center for the Study of Democratic Politics, and director of the Program on Inequality at the Mamdouha S. Bobst Center for Peace and Justice, and winner of the American Political Science Association (APSA), 2002 Woodrow Wilson Foundation Book Award for her book, The Race Card: Campaign Strategy, Implicit Messages, and the Norm of Equality.
Caritas Germany
The Deutscher Caritasverband ('German Caritas Association'), also sometimes referred to as Caritas Deutschland and internationally known as Caritas Germany, is a German Catholic not-for-profit organisation and social service provider. It is the largest welfare organisation and largest private employer in Germany.

It is a member of both Caritas Europa and Caritas Internationalis.

Caritas Internationalis
Caritas Internationalis (Latin pronunciation: [kaː.ri.t̪as in̪.t̪er.nat̪.t̪͡s̪iˈɔː.na.lis]; lit. 'Charity International') is a confederation of 162 national Catholic relief, development, and social service organisations operating in over 200 countries and territories worldwide. The name Caritas Internationalis refers to both the global network of Caritas organisations and to its general secretariat based in Vatican City.

Collectively and individually, their missions are "to serve the poor and to promote charity and justice throughout the world". Caritas Internationalis is the second-largest international humanitarian aid network in the world after the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.
San Francisco and San Mateo Electric Railway
The San Francisco and San Mateo Electric Railway (SF&SM) was the first electric streetcar company in San Francisco, California. The company was only in business for ten years, starting from 1892 until it was merged into the United Railroads of San Francisco (URR) in 1902.

Market Street Railway (transit operator)
The Market Street Railway Company was a commercial streetcar and bus operator in  San Francisco. The company was named after the famous Market Street of that city, which formed the core of its transportation network. Over the years, the company was also known as the Market Street Railroad Company, the Market Street Cable Railway Company and the United Railroads of San Francisco. Once the largest transit operator in the city, the company folded in 1944 and its assets and services were acquired by the city-owned San Francisco Municipal Railway. Many of the former routes continue to exist into the 2020s, but served by buses.

The company should not be mistaken for the current Market Street Railway, which is named after its predecessor but is actually a legally unconnected non-profit support group for San Francisco's heritage streetcar lines.
U.S. Route 441
U.S. Route 441 (US 441) is a 939-mile-long (1,511 km) auxiliary route of U.S. Route 41. It extends from US 41 in Miami, Florida to US 25W in Rocky Top, Tennessee. Between its termini, US 441 travels through the states of Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee. The highway acts as a connector between several major urban areas, including Miami, Orlando, Ocala, Gainesville, Athens, and Knoxville. It also crosses the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, where it meets the southwestern end of the Blue Ridge Parkway, and where no trucks or other commercial traffic are allowed.

U.S. Route 41
U.S. Route 41, also U.S. Highway 41 (US 41), is a major north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs from Miami, Florida, to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Until 1949, the part in southern Florida, from Naples to Miami, was US 94. The highway's southern terminus is in the Brickell neighborhood of Downtown Miami at an intersection with Brickell Avenue (US 1), and its northern terminus is east of Copper Harbor, Michigan, at a modest cul-de-sac near Fort Wilkins Historic State Park at the tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula. US 41 is closely paralleled by Interstate 75 (I-75) from Naples, Florida, all the way through Georgia to Chattanooga, Tennessee.
Asotin, Washington
Asotin (/əˈsoʊtən/ ə-SOH-tən) is a city in and the county seat of Asotin County, Washington, United States. The population of the city was 1,204 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Lewiston, ID-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Asotin County, Washington
Asotin County (/əˈsoʊtən/) is a county in the far southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,285. The county seat is at Asotin, and its largest city is Clarkston. The county was created out of Garfield County in 1883 and derives its name from a Nez Perce word meaning "Eel Creek." Asotin County is part of the Lewiston–Clarkston metropolitan area, which includes Nez Perce County, Idaho, and Asotin County.
Port Wakefield Highway
Port Wakefield Highway (and its southern section as Port Wakefield Road) is an important South Australian highway, connecting Adelaide to the Yorke Peninsula, Port Augusta, northern and western South Australia, the Northern Territory and Western Australia. It is designated National Highway A1 and a part of the National Highway. It is named after Port Wakefield, the first government town north of Adelaide.

Highway 1 (Australia)
Australia's Highway 1 is a network of highways that circumnavigate the country, joining all mainland capital cities except the national capital, Canberra. At a total length of approximately 14,500 kilometres (9,000 miles), it is the longest national highway in the world, surpassing the Trans-Siberian Highway (over 11,000 kilometres or 6,800 miles) and the Trans-Canada Highway (8,030 kilometres or 4,990 miles). Over a million people traverse some part of the highway network every day. It is the longest continuing highway in the world as the Pan-American Highway is separated by the Darién Gap and AH1 is separated by the Sea of Japan. However, it is not the longest continuous stretch of highway as both the northern section of the Pan-American Highway and the continental section of AH1 still out-measure it.
St Estevam
St Estevam (Santo Estêvão) is an estuarine islet in the Tiswadi taluka, Goa state, India. St Estevam is commonly referred as Jūvã (Isle) and has earned the monicker Šākêchô Jūvõ—the island of vegetables—famed for its long, seven-ridged, light green ladyfingers. Therefore, the people of Jūvã came to be nicknamed bhennddem. The island is named after St. Stephen. It is one of Goa's most prosperous villages, often quoted by ex-Chief Minister Pratapsingh Rane for having a high per capita income.

It is the smallest of six major islands within the Mandovi, the others being:

Ilha de Goa

Chorão

Divar

Cumbarjua

Vanxim

Several other small mangrove islets and sand banks.

Cumbarjua
Cumbarjua, is an island and town within the Mandovi River in Goa. It is situated to the east of Goa's capital Panjim at a distance of 20 kilometres. It is one of 6 major islands between the Mandovi and Zuari, the others being:

Ilhas de Goa,

Chorão,

Divar,

St Estevam,

Vanxim and

Several other small mangrove islands and sand banks.
Australian Defence Force Investigative Service
The Australian Defence Force Investigative Service (ADFIS) is the unified investigative arm of the Australian Defence Force's Joint Military Police Unit. Initially formed in 2007 as a part of the service police until its amalgamation into the Joint Military Police Force at the beginning of 2020. ADFIS was responsible for complex and major disciplinary and criminal investigations involving the Australian Defence Force (ADF), its assets, land, personnel and capability.

ADFIS is a tri-service unit that was composed of specialised service police personnel who are qualified to undertake investigations of serious and unique nature.As the successor to the previously active single-service police investigation units which it absorbed, it is staffed by military police officers from the Royal Australian Navy's Naval Police, Australian Army's Military Police and the Royal Australian Air Force's Air Force Police.

Joint Military Police Unit
The Joint Military Police Unit (formerly the Joint Service Police Group) is the unified military police agency of the Australian Defence Force. The Joint Military Police Unit is led by the Provost Marshal who reports to the Chief of Joint Capabilities responsible for general policing, law enforcement, and the Australian Defence Force Investigative Service.
2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup
The 2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup was the 7th edition of the FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, the multinational–international women's youth football championship, contested by the under-17 national teams of the member associations of FIFA, since its inception in 2008. The tournament was hosted by India, which would have hosted the 2020 edition before it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the second time that India have been hosting a FIFA tournament, after the men's 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup, and the first time that India hosted a FIFA women's football tournament.

Morocco and Tanzania, along with host India, made their debuts in the tournament.

Spain were the defending champions, having won their first title in 2018. They managed to retain the title.

2021 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup
The 2020 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, later postponed and renamed as the 2021 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup before its cancellation, was originally going to be the 7th edition of the FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, the biennial international women's youth football championship contested by the under-17 national teams of the member associations of FIFA, since its inception in 2008.

The tournament was originally scheduled to be held in India between 2 and 21 November 2020. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, FIFA announced on 3 April 2020 that the tournament would be postponed and rescheduled. On 12 May 2020, FIFA announced that the tournament would be held between 17 February – 7 March 2021, subject to further monitoring.

On 17 November 2020, FIFA announced that the 2020 edition of the tournament would be cancelled. Instead, India were appointed as hosts of the next edition of the tournament in 2022.

Spain were the defending champions, having won their first title in 2018.
Saran (plastic)
Saran is the trade name of a thin plastic film used for keeping food fresh by sealing. The compound polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) was discovered in 1933 by researchers from the Dow Chemical Company and registered in 1940. It was acquired by S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. in 1998 and the formulation changed to a less effective polyethylene (PE) in 2004 due to chlorine content.
As a food wrap, the principal advantages of polyvinylidene chloride, compared to other plastics, are its ability to adhere to itself and its very low permeability to water vapor, flavor and aroma molecules, and oxygen. This oxygen barrier prevents food spoilage, while the film barrier to flavor and aroma molecules helps food retain its flavor and aroma.

Plastic wrap
Plastic wrap, cling film, Saran wrap, cling wrap, Glad wrap or food wrap is a thin plastic film typically used for sealing food items in containers to keep them fresh over a longer period of time. Plastic wrap, typically sold on rolls in boxes with a cutting edge, clings to many smooth surfaces and can thus remain tight over the opening of a container without adhesive. Common plastic wrap is roughly 12.7 μm (0.0005 in) thick. The trend has been to produce thinner plastic wrap, particularly for household use (where very little stretch is needed), so now the majority of brands on shelves around the world are 8, 9 or 10 μm thick.
Lands of Templehouse
The Lands of Templehouse formed a small estate lying between Aiket Castle and the town of Dunlop, East Ayrshire, Parish of Dunlop, Scotland. The laird's house at Templeland of Dunlop Hill, to give it its formal name, stood near to the ancient road leading from Dunlop to Kirkwood and on to Kennox. The lands were held by the Knights Templar until a date prior to 1570 when the Gemmells of Templehouse were granted the property and remained there until 1962, a period of around 500 years. The spelling 'Gemmell' is used for consistency except where otherwise denoted.

Dunlop, East Ayrshire
Dunlop (/dʌnˈlɒp/; Scots: Dunlap, Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Lob or Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Lùib) is a village and parish in East Ayrshire, Scotland. It lies on the A735, north-east of Stewarton, seven miles (eleven kilometres) from Kilmarnock. The road runs on to Lugton and the B706 enters the village from Beith and Burnhouse.
Berthold Beitz
Berthold Beitz (German: [ˈbɛʁt̩ˌhɔlt baɪ̯t͡s] ⓘ; 26 September 1913 – 30 July 2013) was a German industrialist. He was the head of the Krupp steel conglomerate beginning in the 1950s. He was credited with helping to lead the re-industrialization of the Ruhr Valley and rebuilding Germany into an industrial power.

He and his wife Else Beitz gained acclaim for saving Jewish workers during World War II by declaring them to be essential workers at an oil facility. He pulled 250 people off a train headed for the Belzec extermination camp in July 1942. It is estimated that Beitz and his wife saved over 800 lives. In 1973, for saving Jews, he received the Righteous Among the Nations title awarded by the Israeli Yad Vashem, the highest honor given to a non-Jew.

Else Beitz
Else Beitz (née Hochheim; 1920 – September 14, 2014), the wife of industrialist Berthold Beitz, helped conceal and feed Jewish people during World War II, which earned her several awards, including the Righteous Among the Nations. She was a German scholar who studied and published a book about industrial education.
Battle of Driniumor River
The Battle of Driniumor River, also known as the Battle of Aitape, 10 July – 25 August 1944, was part of the Western New Guinea campaign of World War II. During the fighting, Japanese forces launched several attacks on United States forces on the Driniumor River, near Aitape in New Guinea, over the course of several weeks with the intention of retaking Aitape. After making some initial gains, the Japanese attack was contained and eventually turned back having suffered heavy casualties. The battle should not be confused with Operation Persecution, which included amphibious landings near Aitape in April 1944, or the Aitape–Wewak campaign, which began in November that year.

Landing at Aitape
The Landing at Aitape (code-named Operation Persecution) was a battle of the Western New Guinea campaign of World War II. American and Allied forces undertook an amphibious landing on 22 April 1944 at Aitape on the northern coast of Papua New Guinea. The amphibious landing was undertaken simultaneously with the landings at Humboldt and Tanahmerah Bays to secure Hollandia to isolate the Japanese 18th Army at Wewak. Operations in the area to consolidate the landing continued until 4 May, although US and Japanese forces fought further actions in western New Guinea following a Japanese counter-offensive that lasted until early August 1944. Aitape was subsequently developed into an Allied base of operations and was used by Australian forces throughout late 1944 and into 1945 during the Aitape–Wewak campaign.
Ijon Tichy
Ijon Tichy (Polish pronunciation: [ˈijɔn ˈtixɨ], Tee-khee) is a fictional character who appears in several works of the Polish science fiction writer Stanisław Lem: initially in The Star Diaries (and Memoirs of a Space Traveller: Further Reminiscences of Ijon Tichy, issued in English translation as a separate volume), later in The Futurological Congress, Peace on Earth, and Observation on the Spot. 
Tichy is also the narrator in a 1973 novel Professor A. Dońda, being the professor's sidekick.

The Star Diaries
The Star Diaries is a series  of short stories of the adventures of space traveller Ijon Tichy, of satirical nature, by Polish writer Stanisław Lem. The first ones were published in a 1954 collection Sezam i inne opowiadania  and first published as a separate  book in 1957 titled Dzienniki gwiazdowe, expanded in 1971.  Closely related to this series is the series Ze wspomnień Ijona Tichego [From the Memoirs of Ijon Tichy]. Usually these stories, and several others, are considered to be the same cycle of the adventures of Ijon Tichy.

The permit of the Communist censors for the 1954 publication described The Star Diaries as a satire of the capitalist society while failing to notice numerous parallels with the Communist society.

The collections were published in English in two volumes, The Star Diaries (published New York, 1976) and Memoirs of a Space Traveller: Further Reminiscences of Ijon Tichy (published London, 1982).
King Ban
Ban of Benoic /ˈbæn/ (Old French: Ban de Bénoïc) is a character in Arthurian legend. King Ban first appeared by this name in the Lancelot propre part of the 13th-century French Vulgate Cycle as the ruler of the realm in France named Benoic (Bénoïc; alternatively Benewic, Benoich, Benoit, Benuic, Benwick) and father of Sir Lancelot and Sir Hector de Maris, as well as brother of King Bors. Ban of Benoic largely corresponds to the other versions of the father of Lancelot, including Pant of Gen[n]ewis in the German Lanzelet, Haud of Schuwake in the English Sir Lancelot du Lake, and Domolot of Lokva in the Belarusian Povest' o Tryshchane.

Bors
Bors (/ˈbɔːrz/; French: Bohort) refers to two knights in the Arthurian legend, a father and a son. They are both introduced in the 13th-century Lancelot-Grail romance prose cycle.

King Bors (Bohors, Boho[o/u]rt, Bo[o]rt, Bordo, Borz) is the ruler of Ganis (Gannes, Ganys, Gaun[n]es, Gaynes, Gaynys) during the early period of King Arthur's reign. His brother, King Ban of Benoic, is the father of Lancelot. Bors' two sons, one also named Bors and the other named Lionel, later both join Arthur's Round Table as prominent members.

The younger Bors, known as Sir Bors (Bohors, Bohort li Escillies, Bohortes, Bo[o]rdo, Boors, Bo[o]rt, Borz, Bours, Bwrt) and by his epithet de Ganis (and other spellings), becomes one of the best Knights of the Round Table and participates in the achievement of the Holy Grail. His own son is Elyan the White, also a member of the Round Table.
Sigismund's Column
Sigismund's Column (Polish: Kolumna Zygmunta), originally erected in 1644, is located at Castle Square, Warsaw, Poland and is one of Warsaw's most famous landmarks as well as the first secular monument in the form of a column in modern history. The column and statue commemorate King Sigismund III Vasa, who in 1596 had moved Poland's capital from Kraków to Warsaw. It is part of the Historic Centre of Warsaw, which was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site on September 1-5, 1980.

On top of the Corinthian column's socle is a 2.75 m (9 ft) tall bronze sculpture of the king wearing armor, a coronation robe, a crown, and an Order of the Golden Fleece medallion across his chest; holding a Latin cross in his left hand and a sabre in his right hand; and placing his right foot on a helmet embellished with ostrich feathers.  The Corinthian column formerly was made of red marble and was 8.5 m (28 ft) tall.  It is now made of granite and adorned by 4 eagles.

Old Town, Warsaw
Warsaw Old Town, also known as Old Town, and historically known as Old Warsaw, is a neighbourhood, and an area of the City Information System, in the city of Warsaw, Poland, located within the district of Śródmieście. It is the oldest portion of the city, and contains numerous historic buildings, mostly from 17th and 18th centuries, such as the Royal Castle, city walls, St. John's Cathedral, and the Barbican, the Old Town Market Square and the Warsaw Mermaid Statue. The settlement itself dates back to between the 13th and 14th centuries, and was granted town privileges c. 1300.

During World War II, the Old Town was nearly totally destroyed, and subsequently reconstructed. The project was the world's first attempt to resurrect an entire historic city core and was included on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1980. The reconstruction efforts were again recognized in 2011 when all its documents and records were added by UNESCO to its Memory of the World international register.
2025 Darwin City Council election
The 2025 Darwin City Council election was held on 23 August 2025 to elect a lord mayor and twelve councillors to the City of Darwin. The election was part of the local government elections held throughout the Northern Territory.

In a field of thirteen candidates, Peter Styles defeated incumbent mayor Kon Vatskalis. Vatskalis did not concede to Styles, claiming electoral fraud.

2025 Northern Territory local elections
The 2025 Northern Territory local elections were held on 23 August 2025 to elect the councils of 16 of the 18 local government areas (LGAs) in the Northern Territory. Five councils also held mayoral elections.

One LGA, the Groote Archipelago Region, was formed in September 2024 and held its inaugural election on 16 March 2025. Barkly Regional Council, which was dismissed in June 2024, held an election in November 2024 and did not go to the polls in 2025.
Samuel Phillips (minister)
Samuel Phillips (February 17, 1690 – June 5, 1771) was an American Congregational minister and the first pastor of the South Church in Andover, Massachusetts. His son, John Phillips, was the founder of Phillips Exeter Academy, and his grandson, Samuel Phillips Jr., was the founder of Phillips Academy Andover and briefly the lieutenant governor of Massachusetts.

Samuel Phillips Jr.
Samuel Phillips Jr. (February 5, 1752 – February 10, 1802) was an American merchant, manufacturer, politician, and the founder of Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts. Phillips is considered a pioneer in American education.