hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Euphemia of Masovia
Euphemia of Masovia (Polish: Eufemia mazowiecka; 1395/97 – before 17 September 1447), was Duchess of Cieszyn by marriage to Bolesław I, Duke of Cieszyn, and regent of the Duchy of Cieszyn during the minority of her sons from 1431.

She was the third daughter of Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia and Alexandra, daughter of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania and sister of King Władysław II Jagiełło of Poland, and thus a Polish princess member of the House of Piast in the Masovian branch.

Bolesław I, Duke of Cieszyn
Bolesław I of Cieszyn (Polish: Bolesław I cieszyński, Czech: Boleslav I. Těšínský, German: Boleslaus I. von Teschen) (c. 1363 – 6 May 1431) was a Duke of half of Bytom and Siewierz from 1405, Duke of Cieszyn and half of both Głogów and Ścinawa from 1410, and Duke of Toszek and Strzelin during 1410–1414.

He was the second son of Przemysław I Noszak, Duke of Cieszyn by his wife Elisabeth, daughter of Bolesław, Duke of Koźle-Bytom. In the chronicle of Jan Długosz he is named the eldest son, but this is certainly a mistake, because elsewhere, Przemysław of Oświęcim was always placed before Bolesław.
Richard E. Hughes
Richard E. Hughes (1909–1974) was an American writer and editor of comic books. He was editor of the American Comics Group through the company's entire existence from 1943 to 1967, and wrote most of that publisher's stories from 1957 to 1967 under a variety of pseudonyms. His best-known character is Herbie Popnecker, created under the pseudonym Shane O'Shea, with artist Ogden Whitney.

Ogden Whitney
John Ogden Whitney (May 1, 1919 – August 13, 1975) was an American comic-book artist and sometime writer active from the 1930s–1940s Golden Age of comics through the 1960s Silver Age. He is best known as co-creator of the aviator hero Skyman and of the superpowered novelty character Herbie Popnecker and his alter ego, the satiric superhero the Fat Fury. Whitney as well had long runs on characters as diverse as the Western masked crime-fighter the Two-Gun Kid, and the career-girl character Millie the Model.

In 2007, Whitney was one of two comics creators inducted into the comic-book industry's Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame, as a "Judges Choice".
Ton Scherpenzeel
Ton Scherpenzeel (born 6 August 1952) is a Dutch keyboardist, composer, lyricist, and founding member of Dutch progressive rock band Kayak. Subsequent to Kayak, Scherpenzeel joined British progressive rock band Camel. He also played for several years with Dutch band Earth and Fire and released several solo albums. After his participation in rock bands, he was associated with Dutch vocal project Opus and was the accompanying keyboardist to Dutch comedian Youp van 't Hek.

Camel (band)
Camel are an English progressive rock band formed in Guildford, Surrey, in 1971. Led by guitarist Andrew Latimer, they have released fourteen studio albums and fourteen singles, plus numerous live albums and DVDs. Without achieving mass popularity, the band gained a cult following in the 1970s with albums such as Mirage (1974) and The Snow Goose (1975). They moved into a jazzier, more commercial direction in the early 1980s, but then went on an extended hiatus. Since 1991 the band has been independent, releasing albums on their own label.

Despite no new studio releases since 2002, the band are still (as of 2025) occasionally performing live. Their music has influenced artists including Marillion, Opeth and Steven Wilson. Music journalist Mark Blake described Camel as "the great unsung heroes of 70s prog rock".
Port Chester, New York
Port Chester is a village in the U.S. state of New York and the largest part of the town of Rye in Westchester County by population. At the 2010 U.S. census, the village had a population of 28,967 and was the fifth-most populous village in New York State. In 2019, its population grew to a census-estimated 29,342 residents. Located in southeast Westchester, Port Chester forms part of the New York City metropolitan statistical area. Port Chester borders Connecticut and the town of Greenwich to the east. It is one of only 12 villages in New York still incorporated under a charter; other villages either incorporated or reincorporated under the provisions of Village Law.

The village of Port Chester is nicknamed the "Gateway to New England" and serves as a transportation hub between New England states and New York. Its economy is primarily stimulated by small businesses, the local government and several national chain stores.

Greenwich, Connecticut
Greenwich (/ˈɡrɛnɪtʃ/ GREN-itch) is a town in southwestern Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 63,518. It is the largest town on Connecticut's affluent Gold Coast. Greenwich is home to many hedge funds and financial services firms due to its residential setting and proximity to Manhattan.

Greenwich is a principal community of the Bridgeport–Stamford–Norwalk–Danbury metropolitan statistical area, which comprises all of Fairfield County, and is part of both the greater New York metropolitan area and the Western Connecticut Planning Region. The town is the southwesternmost municipality in both the State of Connecticut and the six-state region of New England. The town is named after Greenwich, a royal borough of London in the United Kingdom.
Chandler Coventry
Chandler ("Channy") Phillip Coventry AM (1924–1999) was an Australian grazier, art collector, gallerist, art dealer, and art patron and was involved with the establishment of the New England Regional Art Museum.

New England Regional Art Museum
The New England Regional Art Museum, known as NERAM, is a museum of Australian art located in Armidale in the New England region of New South Wales. NERAM's art collections are the second largest and most valuable regional public collection in NSW after the Newcastle Art Gallery. NERAM's collections are valued in excess of A$25 million. The NERAM complex includes six gallery spaces, a Museum of Printing, an artist's studio, conference facilities, shop and café.
Aircraft Manufacturing and Design
Aircraft Manufacturing and Design Co. (AMD) is an aircraft manufacturer that formerly produced three aircraft- the Alarus CH2000, the Zodiac CH601, and the Patriot 150.

The CH2000 is a two-seat, single engine aircraft used primarily for flight training purposes. The CH601 is a two-seat light sport aircraft in the United States of America and an AULA in Canada and is used mainly as a personal aircraft. The Patriot 150 is a two-seat, high-winged SLSA with STOL performance. Unlike the other SLSA (Zodiac), the Patriot is not available as a kit; only as a ready-to-fly SLSA.

The company is headquartered in Eastman, Georgia, USA.

AMD Zodiac
The Zodiac is a family of Canadian all-metal, two-seat, fixed landing gear airplanes that first flew in 1984. The aircraft have been produced as kits and completed aircraft by Zenair in Canada and Zenith Aircraft Company in the US.

The latest models in the Zodiac family are the ready-to-fly AMD Zodiac LS and LSi produced by Aircraft Manufacturing and Design. The design has a single-piece bubble canopy.
Tyra Caterina Grant
Tyra Caterina Grant (born March 12, 2008) is an Italian tennis player. She won the junior girls' doubles titles at the 2023 French Open, 2024 Australian Open and the 2024 Wimbledon Championships and she is a semi-finalist in mixed double, achieving it at the 2024 US Open. She is world champion with Italy in the 2025 Billie Jean King cup.

2024 Wimbledon Championships – Girls' doubles
Tyra Caterina Grant and Iva Jovic won the girls' doubles title at the 2024 Wimbledon Championships, defeating Mika Stojsavljevic and Mingge Xu in the final, 7–5, 4–6, [10–8].

Alena Kovačková and Laura Samson (formerly Samsonová) were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals to Stojsavljevic and Xu.
Caliraya Dam
Caliraya Dam is an embankment dam located in the town of Lumban, Laguna, in the Sierra Madre Mountain Range of the Philippines. The reservoir created by the dam, Lake Caliraya, initially supplied one of the oldest hydroelectric plants in the Philippines, and later became a popular recreational area for numerous water sports and fishing.  The dam's construction was started in 1939 under the supervision of the architecture firm of Pedro Siochi and Company and a small hydroelectric plant was operated in 1942.

Lake Caliraya was later connected with another man-made lake, Lumot Lake, to provide more water through a 2.3 km (1.4 mi) underground penstock.  Later still the dam and lake were used as the upper reservoir for the Kalayaan Pumped-Storage Hydroelectric plant located west of Lake Caliraya, with Laguna de Bay as the lower reservoir.

Lake Caliraya
Lake Caliraya is a man-made lake situated in the municipalities of Lumban, Cavinti, and Kalayaan in the province of Laguna, Philippines. Created in 1939, the lake has developed as a destination for water sports and recreational fishing. Surrounding the lake are a number of resorts and vacation homes to accommodate tourists.
Margaret McEntee
Margaret C. McEntee SR. SC., also known by her confirmation name Marita James, (born July 10, 1935) is an American Catholic religious sister and educator who is known as being the inspiration for the character of Sister James in the Pulitzer Prize and Tony Award-winning play Doubt: A Parable by John Patrick Shanley. The 2008 film adaptation is dedicated to her.

John Patrick Shanley
John Patrick Shanley (born October 13, 1950)  is an American playwright, theater director, and filmmaker. He won the 1987 Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for the film Moonstruck. His play, Doubt: A Parable, won the 2005 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and the 2005 Tony Award for Best Play; he wrote and directed the film adaptation, earning a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.
Washington Public Records Act
The Public Records Act (PRA) is a law of the U.S. state of Washington requiring public access to all records and materials from state and local agencies. It was originally passed as a ballot initiative by voters in 1972 and revised several times by the state legislature. The definition of public records, especially concerning the state legislature, was subject to several legal challenges in the decades since the law was passed.

In 2018, a county judge ruled that legislative records and communications were subject to public disclosure, after a lawsuit was filed by media outlets. In response, the state legislature appealed the ruling and introduced a bill that would exempt their records from the act. The bill was passed by the legislature but was vetoed by Governor Jay Inslee after public outcry; the lawsuit was subsequently ruled in favor of the media outlets and upheld by the Washington Supreme Court.

The act is listed in the Revised Code of Washington as Chapter 42, Section 56.

1972 Washington Initiative 276
Initiative to the People 276 (or the Public Disclosure Act) was a law approved by the people of Washington in a vote (plebiscite) held in 1972. The law required the state government to establish the Washington State Public Disclosure Commission in order to provide information to the public about campaign fundraising and expenditures  The initiative was passed by the people at the same time as the November 1972 general election, by a margin of 72.02% to 27.98%.

The law has since been superseded by the Washington Public Records Act. The current law on the subject is codified in the Revised Code (RCW), Title 42, Chapter 56.
Port Rowan
Port Rowan is a town in Norfolk County, Ontario, Canada. It is located on Lake Erie, adjacent to Long Point. The lakeside community has a population of 1,357 people as of 2021 and sports a number of traditional small businesses which have been operating in the town for decades.

While most of the streets have sidewalks, people are safer to walk in a single line. Walking in this community is possible on a year-round basis and most of the trails are gravel unlike Delhi or Langton where the trails are asphalt.

Port Rowan was the home of Robert F. Hill, a film director, screenwriter and actor who worked in Hollywood from the 1910s to the 1960s; specializing in silent films.

Long Point, Ontario
Long Point is a sand spit and medium-sized hamlet on the north shore of Lake Erie, part of Norfolk County in the province of Ontario, Canada.

It is about 40 kilometres (25 mi) long and about 1 km (0.62 mi) across at its widest point. Lake Erie lies to the south of Long Point, and Long Point Bay lies on the north side. The bay is subdivided into the Inner Bay and Outer Bay by a line that runs between Turkey Point to the north and Pottahawk Point to the south. Some of the towns along the bay's north shore include Port Rowan, Turkey Point, and Port Dover. Long Point is north of and across the lake from Presque Isle and Erie, Pennsylvania.
Kenneth Lau
Kenneth Lau Ip-keung BBS MH JP (Chinese: 劉業強, born 1966) is a New Territories rural leader in Hong Kong. He is the current chairman of the Heung Yee Kuk and member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong for the Heung Yee Kuk functional constituency, succeeding his father Lau Wong-fat in 2015 and 2016 respectively. He has been an unofficial member of the Executive Council of Hong Kong since 2017. He was awarded the Silver Bauhinia Star by the Hong Kong SAR Government in 2023.

Heung Yee Kuk
The Heung Yee Kuk, officially the Heung Yee Kuk N.T., is a statutory advisory body representing establishment interests in the New Territories, Hong Kong. The council is a powerful organisation comprising heads of rural committees which represent villages and market towns.

From 1980 to 2015, it was chaired by Lau Wong-fat, a billionaire landowner and heavyweight political figure in the pro-Beijing camp, until he stepped down and was succeeded by his son Kenneth Lau.

The organisation has its own functional constituency seat in the Hong Kong Legislative Council. Despite having less than 150 registered voters, it also controls 26 seats on the 1200-member committee which selects the chief executive of Hong Kong.
RMV Scillonian III
RMV Scillonian III is a passenger ship based at Penzance in Cornwall, England, operated by the Isles of Scilly Steamship Company. She operates the principal ferry service to the Isles of Scilly and is one of only three ships in the world still carrying the status of Royal Mail Ship (hence RMV – Royal Mail Vessel).

Scillonian (1955)
Scillonian (also referred to as Scillonian II or TSMV Scillonian) was a passenger ferry built for the Isles of Scilly Steamship Company in 1955 by John I. Thornycroft & Company of Woolston, Southampton. She was designed to carry 500 passengers and cargo between Penzance, Cornwall, to the offshore Isles of Scilly.
S (South Korean band)
S (에스) is a South Korean project group consisting of three members: Kangta, Lee Ji-hoon and Shin Hye-sung. The group debuted in 2003, under the SM Entertainment label. After 11 years, they released and promoted another mini-album in 2014.

Kangta
An Chil-hyun (Korean: 안칠현; born October 10, 1979), known professionally as Kangta (강타), is a South Korean singer, composer, songwriter, record producer, actor and radio personality. Known for his work as a member of boy band H.O.T., he is currently an executive at his longtime agency SM Entertainment since 2005. He is also the chief producer of Smashhit from SM's label Kreation Music Rights since 2023 and the general producer of SM's music label SMArt since 2025.
Alabama State Route 10
State Route 10 (SR 10) is a major west–east state highway in the U.S. state of Alabama, running for 230.721 miles (371.309 km) through the southern part of the state. It is the lowest even-numbered route in the state that is not an unsigned partner route assigned to a U.S. Highway. It is also the only signed state route that extends from the Mississippi state line to the Georgia state line. The western terminus of the route is in northwestern Choctaw County near the community of Yantley, where it serves as a continuation of Mississippi Highway 19 (MS 19). The eastern terminus of the route is in Henry County near Shorterville. Once in Georgia, the route is designated as Georgia State Route 37 (SR 37).

Mississippi Highway 19
Mississippi Highway 19 (MS 19) is a state highway in Mississippi. It runs for 118.3 miles (190.4 km), serving the counties of Lauderdale, Newton, Neshoba, Winston, Attala, and Holmes. The highway is actually part of a long multi-state route that goes through Alabama and Georgia.
Green Car of the Year
The Green Car of the Year is a Car of the Year award from the Green Car Journal. 
The winner is selected by an 11-member panel comprising automotive and environmental experts. Invited jurors have included Mario Andretti; Carroll Shelby, Jay Leno, Carl Pope (Sierra Club), Christopher Flavin (Worldwatch Institute), Jonathan Lash (World Resources Institute) and Jean-Michel Cousteau (Ocean Futures Society).

A separate Green Truck of the Year award was launched in 2015.

In early October 2015, the 2009 and 2010 awards were rescinded as a result of the Volkswagen emissions scandal.

Volkswagen emissions scandal
The Volkswagen emissions scandal, sometimes known as Dieselgate or Emissionsgate, began in September 2015, when the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a notice of violation of the Clean Air Act to German automaker Volkswagen Group. The agency had found that Volkswagen had intentionally programmed turbocharged direct injection (TDI) diesel engines to activate their emissions controls only during laboratory emissions testing, which caused the vehicles' NOx output to meet US standards during regulatory testing. However, the vehicles emitted up to 40 times more NOx in real-world driving. Volkswagen deployed this software in about 11 million cars worldwide, including 500,000 in the United States, in model years 2009 through 2015.
Ada Lois Sipuel Fisher
Ada Lois Sipuel Fisher (February 8, 1924 – October 18, 1995) was an American lawyer and civil rights activist who was a key figure in the Civil Rights Movement in Oklahoma. She applied for admission into the University of Oklahoma law school in order to challenge the state's segregation laws and to become a lawyer, leading to a landmark US Supreme Court ruling in 1948.

University of Oklahoma College of Law
The University of Oklahoma College of Law is the law school of the University of Oklahoma. It is located on the University's campus in Norman, Oklahoma. The College of Law was founded in 1909 by a resolution of the OU Board of Regents.

According to OU Law's 2016 ABA-required disclosures, 83.9% of the Class of 2016 obtained full-time, long-term positions for which bar passage was required (75.5%) or for which a J.D. was an advantage (8.39%) nine months after graduation.
Rapid Bay, South Australia
Rapid Bay  is a locality that includes a small seaside town and bay on the west coast of the Fleurieu Peninsula, South Australia.  It lies within the District Council of Yankalilla and its township is approximately 100 km south of the state capital, Adelaide. A pair of jetties are popular attractions for recreational fishing, scuba diving and snorkelling. The bay particularly known as a site for observing leafy seadragons in the wild. Its postcode is 5204.

Leafy seadragon
The leafy seadragon (Phycodurus eques) or Glauert's seadragon, is a marine fish. It is the only member of the genus Phycodurus in the family Syngnathidae, which includes seadragons, pipefish, and seahorses.

It is found along the southern and western coasts of Australia. The name is derived from their appearance, with long leaf-like protrusions coming from all over the body. These protrusions are not used for propulsion; they serve only as camouflage. The leafy seadragon propels itself utilising a pair of pectoral fins on the sides of its neck and a dorsal fin on its back closer to the tail end. These small fins are almost completely transparent and difficult to see as they undulate minutely to move the creature sedately through the water, completing the illusion of floating seaweed.

Popularly known as "leafies", they are the marine emblem of the state of South Australia and a focus for local marine conservation.
Caine Black Knife
Caine Black Knife is a 2008 science fantasy novel by American writer Matthew Stover. It is labeled as the third of the Acts of Caine, and is act one of the Atonement story arc. It is published by the Ballantine Books  division of Del Rey. This is the third book in "The Acts of Caine" series, following Heroes Die and Blade of Tyshalle.

Matthew Stover
Matthew Woodring Stover (born January 29, 1962) is an American fantasy and science fiction novelist. He is most well known for his four Star Wars novels, including the novelization of Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith. He has also written several fantasy novels, including Iron Dawn and Jericho Moon. He has written four science-fiction/fantasy hybrid stories featuring a hero named Caine: Heroes Die, Blade of Tyshalle, and Caine Black Knife, with the most recent, Caine's Law, released April 4, 2012.
Hackberry Ramblers
The Hackberry Ramblers, also known as the Riverside Ramblers, were a Cajun music band based in Hackberry, Louisiana. Formed in 1933, the group performed for over 70 years.

The band was active from 1933 until 2005, with some appearances after that date. The lineup changed several times, but the founders—fiddler Luderin Darbone (1913–2008) and accordionist Edwin Duhon (1910–2006)—led the group until Duhon died in 2006. While they focused on Cajun music, the Ramblers also played other American styles, including Western swing, blues, and rockabilly.

Edwin Duhon
Edwin Duhon (11 June 1910 – 26 February 2006) was an American musician and co-founder of the Hackberry Ramblers, a band playing a combination of Cajun music, Western swing, and country music.

Duhon was born in Broussard, Louisiana. He formed the Hackberry Ramblers along with fiddler Luderin Darbone in 1933. He first played acoustic guitar and went on to play electric guitar, piano, double bass, harmonica, and accordion at various times. He focused solely on the accordion from the mid-1990s. Duhon's last performance was in November 2005.

In 2002, Duhon and Darbone received a National Heritage Fellowship from the U.S. National Endowment for the Arts, which is the country's highest honor in the folk and traditional arts.

Duhon died at the age of 95 in Westlake, Louisiana.
Pippa Bennett-Warner
Philippa Elaine Fanti Bennett-Warner (born 23 July 1988) is a British actress. She began her career as a child actress, playing young Nala in the original West End production of The Lion King (1999). She went on to earn WhatsOnStage and Ian Charleson Award nominations for her roles in the musical Caroline, or Change (2006) and Michael Grandage's King Lear (2010) respectively.

On television, Bennett-Warner starred in the Sky Atlantic crime drama Gangs of London (2020–present) and the BBC thrillers Roadkill (2020) and Chloe (2022).

Ian Charleson Awards
The Ian Charleson Awards are theatrical awards that reward the best classical stage performances in Britain by actors under age 30. The awards are named in memory of the British actor Ian Charleson, and are run by the Sunday Times newspaper and the National Theatre. The awards were established in 1990 after Charleson's death, and have been awarded annually since then. Sunday Times theatre critic John Peter (1938–2020) initiated the creation of the awards, particularly in memory of Charleson's extraordinary Hamlet, which he had performed shortly before his death. Recipients receive a cash prize, as do runners-up and third-place winners.

The awards' current definition of a classical play is one written before 1918. The awards for the previous year's performances are presented in the spring of the following year. The winners for 2024 were announced 31 May 2025, and first prize went to Francesca Amewudah-Rivers.