hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)
The Punjab Regiment is an infantry regiment of the Pakistan Army. The regiment takes its name from the historic Punjab region, which is now divided into the Punjab province of Pakistan and the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. It was raised in its current form in 1956, following the amalgamation of the 1st, 14th, 15th and 16th Punjab regiments that were inherited by the Dominion of Pakistan from the British Indian Army upon the Partition of India. Since then, the regiment has expanded in size to 63 battalions.

It is the oldest regiment in the Pakistan Army, tracing its lineage to as far back as 1751, during the reign of the Mughal Empire. The regiment's battalions have a distinguished record of military service, spanning the rise and decline of British colonial rule in South Asia, both World War I and World War II, as well as post-independence Pakistan.

15th Punjab Regiment
The 15th Punjab Regiment was a infantry regiment of the British Indian Army from 1922 to 1947 and of the Pakistan Army from 1947 to 1956. Following its allotment to Pakistan after the partition of India in 1947, it was amalgamated in 1956 with the 1st Punjab Regiment, the 14th Punjab Regiment, and the 16th Punjab Regiment to form the present-day Punjab Regiment.
Welch Regiment
The Welch Regiment (or "The Welch", an archaic spelling of "Welsh") was an infantry regiment of the line of the British Army in existence from 1881 until 1969. The regiment was created in 1881 under the Childers Reforms by the amalgamation of the 41st (Welch) Regiment of Foot and 69th (South Lincolnshire) Regiment of Foot to form the Welsh Regiment, by which it was known until 1920 when it was renamed the Welch Regiment. In 1969 the regiment was amalgamated with the South Wales Borderers to form the Royal Regiment of Wales.

South Wales Borderers
The South Wales Borderers was a line infantry regiment of the British Army in existence for 280 years.

It came into existence in England in 1689, as Sir Edward Dering's Regiment of Foot,  and afterwards had a variety of names and headquarters. In 1782, it became the 24th Regiment of Foot, and had its depot in Warwickshire.

Based at Brecon from 1873, the regiment recruited from the border counties of Brecknockshire, Monmouthshire, and Herefordshire. It was not called the South Wales Borderers until the Childers Reforms of 1881. The regiment served in a great many conflicts, including the American War of Independence, various conflicts in India, the Zulu War, Second Boer War, and World War I and World War II. In 1969 the regiment was amalgamated with the Welch Regiment to form the Royal Regiment of Wales.
Mettur Dam
The Mettur Dam is one of the largest dams in India  built in pre-independent India and is also the largest in Tamil Nadu, located across the river Kaveri where it enters the plains. Built in 1934, it took nine years to complete. Maximum height and width of the dam are 214 and 171 feet, respectively. The dam receives inflows from its own catchment area, Kabini Dam and Krishna Raja Sagara Dams located in Karnataka. There is a park at the base of the dam. It provides irrigation and drinking water facilities for more than 12 districts of Tamil Nadu and hence is revered as the life and livelihood-giving asset of Tamil Nadu.

Krishna Raja Sagara
Krishna Raja Sagara, also popularly known as KRS, is a lake and the dam that creates it. They are close to the settlement of Krishna Raja Sagara in the Indian State of Karnataka. The gravity dam made of surki mortar is below the confluence of river Kaveri with its tributaries Hemavati and Lakshmana Tirtha, in the district of Mandya.

Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV Maharaj of Mysore constructed the dam during the famine despite the critical financial condition of State. It was after him that the dam was named.
There is an ornamental garden, Brindavan Gardens, attached to the dam.
Annunciation (Fra Angelico, Madrid)
The Prado Annunciation is an  altarpiece painted by the Italian Renaissance painter Giovanni da Fiesole, known as Fra Angelico, in the 1420s. It is one of his best-known works. Originally destined for the convent of the observant Dominicans of Fiesole, the painting is currently in the collection of the Museo del Prado in Madrid. It is one of three altarpieces by Fra Angelico representing the Annunciation; the other two being the Cortona Annunciation and the Annunciation of San Giovanni Valdarno. The sequence in which the three works were painted is not certain, but the general art historical consensus places the Prado version first.

Annunciation of San Giovanni Valdarno
The Annunciation of San Giovanni Valdarno is a painting by the Italian Early Renaissance master Fra Angelico, painted c. 1430 to 1432 in tempera on panel. It is part of a series of Annunciation panels painted by Fra Angelico in the 1430s. The other two are the Annunciation of Cortona and the Annunciation.

The Annunciation of San Giovanni Valdarno was looted from Italy during the Second World War by the Germans and returned to the country via the work of Rodolfo Siviero. It is now held at the Museo della Basilica di Santa Maria delle Grazie in San Giovanni Valdarno.
Emperor Wenzong of Tang
Emperor Wenzong of Tang (809–840), personal name Li Ang, né Li Han (李涵), was an emperor of the Tang dynasty of China. He reigned from 827 to 840. Emperor Wenzong was the second son of Emperor Muzong and younger brother of Emperor Jingzong. A rare occurrence in Chinese history, Emperor Wenzong, along with his elder brother Emperor Jingzong and younger brother Emperor Wuzong, reigned in succession.

Emperor Muzong of Tang
Emperor Muzong of Tang (July 26, 795 – February 25, 824), personal name Li Heng, né Li You (李宥) (name changed 812), was an emperor of the Tang dynasty of China. He reigned from 820 to 824. Emperor Muzong was the son of Emperor Xianzong. He was created crown prince in 812 during the reign of Emperor Xianzong and, after Emperor Xianzong was allegedly assassinated by a eunuch, Li Heng was proclaimed emperor in 820.

After succeeding to the throne, Muzong spent his time feasting and heavily drinking, thereby neglecting his duties as emperor. Meanwhile, the temporarily subdued regional military governors (jiedushi) began to challenge the central Tang government, leading to the new de facto independence of three circuits north of the Yellow River, which Emperor Xianzong had subdued. Internally, corruption was rife.

Emperor Muzong's brief reign came to an end in 824, and was viewed as the start of the downward spiral of the Tang dynasty.
Kuyili
Veeramangai Kuyili (29 November 1749 —7 October 1780) was an army commander of queen Velu Nachiyar who participated in campaigns against the East India Company in the 18th century. She is considered the first suicide bomber and "first woman martyr" in Indian history.

Velu Nachiyar
"Veeramangai" Rani Velu Nachiyar (3 January 1730 – 25 December 1796) was a queen of Sivaganga estate from c. 1780–1790. She was the first Indian queen to wage war with the East India Company (EIC) in India. She is proudly called by Tamils as Veeramangai ("brave woman").
LN-3 inertial navigation system
The LN-3 inertial navigation system is an inertial navigation system (INS) that was developed in the 1960s by Litton Industries. It equipped the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter versions used as strike aircraft in European forces. An inertial navigation system is a system which continually determines the position of a vehicle from measurements made entirely within the vehicle using sensitive instruments. These instruments are accelerometers which detect and measure vehicle accelerations, and gyroscopes which act to hold the accelerometers in proper orientation.

Inertial navigation system
An inertial navigation system (INS; also inertial guidance system, inertial instrument) is a navigation device that uses motion sensors (accelerometers), rotation sensors (gyroscopes) and a computer to continuously calculate by dead reckoning the position, the orientation, and the velocity (direction and speed of movement) of a moving object without the need for external references. Often the inertial sensors are supplemented by a barometric altimeter and sometimes by magnetic sensors (magnetometers) and/or speed measuring devices. INSs are used on mobile robots and on vehicles such as ships, aircraft, submarines, guided missiles, and spacecraft. Older INS systems generally used an inertial platform as their mounting point to the vehicle and the terms are sometimes considered synonymous.
Kirill Gurov
Kirill Gurov (6 March 1918 – 29 September 1994) was a Soviet Russian theoretical physicist working in the field of physical kinetics.

Gurov was born in Moscow, Russia, in the family of a military officer. In 1936, he was accepted without examinations to the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics in Moscow State University (MSU) and graduated from MSU in 1941, earning a Diploma with Honour.

In 1944, he started to work in MSU as a PhD student, under the supervision of Nikolay Bogolyubov, on problems of kinetic theory of quantum systems. From 1954, and for the rest of his life, Kirill Gurov worked at the A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science (IMMS).

Nikolay Bogolyubov
Nikolay Nikolayevich Bogolyubov (21 August 1909 – 13 February 1992) was a Soviet mathematician and theoretical physicist known for his significant contributions to quantum field theory, classical and quantum statistical mechanics, and the theory of dynamical systems; he was the recipient of the 1992 Dirac Medal for his works and studies.
U.S. Route 43
U.S. Route 43 (US 43) is a 410-mile-long (660 km) north–south United States Highway in the Southern states of Alabama and Tennessee. It travels from Prichard, Alabama, to Columbia, Tennessee. The highway's southern terminus is in Prichard, at an intersection with US 90, and its northern terminus is in Columbia at an intersection with US 31/US 412/US 412 Bus.

In Alabama and Tennessee, all of the U.S. Highways in each state have one or more unsigned state highways designated along its length. US 43 travels concurrently with Alabama State Route 13 (SR 13) from its southern terminus to an intersection in southeastern Fayette County. For the rest of its length in the state, US 43 is concurrent with signed state highways. In Tennessee, US 43 travels concurrently with Tennessee State Route 6 (SR 6) along its entire length in the state. It also has an unsigned concurrency with SR 227 between Saint Joseph and Loretto.

Tennessee State Route 6
State Route 6 (SR 6) is a state highway that is unsigned. It travels through the central part of the U.S. state of Tennessee from Lawrence County to Sumner County. The highway is related to the following U.S. Highways:

U.S. Route 43 (US 43) from the Alabama state line to Columbia

US 31 from Columbia to Nashville

US 31E from Nashville to the Kentucky state line
Fiend (rapper)
Richard Anthony Jones (born May 13, 1976), better known by his stage name Fiend (or International Jones), is an American rapper from New Orleans, Louisiana. His debut album, I Won't Be Denied (1995), was released by the local record label Big Boy Records. He signed with its competitor, Master P's No Limit Records, to release the follow-up album, There's One in Every Family (1998). The latter peaked within the top ten of the Billboard 200 and was followed by his third album, Street Life (1999), which peaked at number 15 on the chart and served as his final release with No Limit.

He briefly joined Ruff Ryders Entertainment in 2001 prior to forming the hip hop group, Da Headbussaz with Three 6 Mafia's Juicy J and DJ Paul, whose only album, Dat's How It Happen to'M (2002), entered the Billboard 200. He then signed with fellow New Orleans rapper Currensy's record label Jet Life Recordings in 2011, and released a collaborative album with the label, Jet World Order (2011).

Currensy
Shante Scott Franklin (born April 4, 1981), better known by his stage name Currensy (stylized as Curren$y), is an American rapper. Born and raised in New Orleans, Louisiana, he signed with the local record labels Cash Money Records and Young Money Entertainment in the mid-2000s, but parted ways with both without any major releases. He signed with DD172 to release four albums before signing with Warner Records to release his fifth album and major label debut, Weekend at Burnie's (2011). In February of that year, he founded the record label Jet Life Recordings.

Currensy is perhaps best known for his 2015 single, "Bottom of the Bottle" (featuring Lil Wayne and August Alsina), which remains his sole entry on the Billboard Hot 100.
Richmond Hill, Ontario
Richmond Hill (2021 population: 202,022) is a city in south-central York Region, Ontario, Canada. Part of the Greater Toronto Area, it is the York Region's third most populous municipality and the 27th most populous municipality in Canada. Richmond Hill is situated between the cities of Markham and Vaughan, north of Thornhill, and south of Aurora.

Richmond Hill has seen significant population growth since the 1990s. It became a city in 2019 after being a town since 1957. The city is home to the David Dunlap Observatory telescope, the largest telescope in Canada.

Vaughan
Vaughan (/vɑːn/ vawn) (2021 population 323,103) is a city in Ontario, Canada. It is located in the Regional Municipality of York, just north of Toronto. Vaughan was the fastest-growing municipality in Canada between 1996 and 2006 with its population increasing by 80.2% during this time period and having nearly doubled in population since 1991. In 2021, the population of Vaughan was 323,103. It is the fifth-largest city in the Greater Toronto Area, and the 17th-largest city in Canada.
Jessica Buchanan
Jessica Eugenia Buchanan (also Santi, Vega, Brennan, Ford and Wentworth) is a fictional character on the ABC soap opera One Life to Live. She is the daughter of Victoria Lord and Clint Buchanan. She is the fraternal twin sister of Natalie Buchanan, and is born on-screen in the episode first-run on September 23, 1986, with the birth year later revised to 1978.

Natalie Buchanan
Natalie Buchanan is a fictional character from the American soap opera One Life to Live. After a brief appearance in 1986, the character was played by Melissa Archer, who made her first on-screen appearance on July 16, 2001 and remained on the show until its final episode on its online revival on August 19, 2013.
NZR K class (1932)
The NZR K class of 1932 was a class of mixed traffic 4-8-4 steam locomotives built by the New Zealand Railways Department (NZR) that operated on New Zealand's railway network. The locomotives were developed following the failure of the G class Garratt locomotives. The class should not be confused with the much earlier K class of 1877-78, the first American-built engines to arrive in New Zealand.

NZR G class (1928)
The NZR G class was a type of Garratt locomotives used in New Zealand, later rebuilt as Pacific type locomotives. They were the only Garratt type steam locomotives ever used by the New Zealand Railways (NZR). They were ordered to deal with traffic growth over the heavy gradients of the North Island Main Trunk (NIMT) and to do away with the use of banking engines on steep grades. They were one of the few Garratt designs to employ six cylinders. A mechanical stoker was used to feed coal into the locomotive. The locomotives lasted longer in rebuilt form as standard Pacific locomotives than they did as Garratts, but their numerous mechanical issues lead to their final withdrawal following a union ban on their use in 1956.
Woodlawn, Fairfax County, Virginia
Woodlawn is a census-designated place in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The population as of the 2010 census was 20,804. It was carved out of the Mount Vernon CDP beginning with the 2010 census, from the west it goes from Fort Belvoir to Little Hunting Creek stretching along U.S. Route 1 on the south and Huntley Meadows Park on the north. Historic Woodlawn Plantation occupies the southwestern corner. Fairfax County Park Authority operates neighborhood parks in the area.

Mount Vernon, Virginia
Mount Vernon is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The population was 12,914 at the 2020 census.  Primarily due to its historical significance and natural recreation and beauty, the Mount Vernon area receives over one million tourists each year.

While the name "Mount Vernon"—drawn from the Mount Vernon estate, the home of George Washington located south of Alexandria—is often used locally to refer to the entire unincorporated area between Old Town Alexandria and Fort Belvoir, Mount Vernon as defined by the Census Bureau encompasses only the portion bounded by the Potomac River to the south, Fort Belvoir to the west, U.S. Route 1 to the north, and Little Hunting Creek to the east.
Baritone saxophone
The baritone saxophone (sometimes abbreviated to "bari sax") is a member of the saxophone family of instruments, larger (and lower-pitched) than the tenor saxophone, but smaller (and higher-pitched) than the bass. It is the lowest-pitched saxophone in common use — the bass, contrabass and subcontrabass saxophones are relatively uncommon. Like all saxophones, it is a single-reed instrument. It is commonly used in concert bands, chamber music, military bands, big bands, and jazz combos. It can also be found in other ensembles such as rock bands and marching bands. Modern baritone saxophones are pitched in E♭.

Bass saxophone
The bass saxophone is the third lowest member of the saxophone family—larger and lower than the more common baritone saxophone. It was likely the first type of saxophone built by Adolphe Sax, as first observed by Berlioz in 1842. It is a transposing instrument pitched in B♭, an octave below the tenor saxophone and a perfect fourth below the baritone saxophone. A bass saxophone in C, intended for orchestral use, was included in Adolphe Sax's patent, but few known examples were built. The bass saxophone is not a commonly used instrument, but it is heard on some 1920s jazz recordings, in free jazz, in saxophone choirs and sextets, and occasionally in concert bands and rock music.

Music for bass saxophone is written in treble clef, just as for the other saxophones, with the pitches sounding two octaves and a major second lower than written. As with most other members of the saxophone family, the lowest written note is the B♭ below the staff—in the bass's case, sounding as a concert A♭1.
Chris Bergoch
Chris Bergoch (/bərˈɡɒʃ/ bər-GOSH) is an American screenwriter and producer, who co-wrote the films The Florida Project, Tangerine and Starlet as well as writing on the television shows Greg the Bunny and Warren the Ape.

Bergoch is writer/producer of The Florida Project, a 2017 American drama film co-written and directed by Sean Baker. It premiered at the Directors' Fortnight section of the 2017 Cannes Film Festival.

Sean Baker
Sean Baker (born February 26, 1971) is an American filmmaker. He is a director, writer, editor, and producer of independent narrative feature films which are most often about the lives of marginalized people, especially immigrants and sex workers.  He made his directorial film debut with Four Letter Words (2000) and co-created the television character Greg the Bunny. Baker has since directed seven feature films: Take Out (2004), Prince of Broadway (2008), Starlet (2012), Tangerine (2015), The Florida Project (2017), Red Rocket (2021), and Anora (2024).

Baker has received several accolades. For Anora, he received the Palme d'Or and, alongside his wife Samantha Quan, the British Academy Film Award for Best Casting, before proceeding to win Best Picture, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay and Best Film Editing at the 97th Academy Awards. He is the first person to individually win four Oscars for the same film in a single ceremony.
Zibo–Dongying railway
The Zibo–Dongying railway or Zidong railway (simplified Chinese: 淄东铁路; traditional Chinese: 淄東鐵路; pinyin: zīdōng tiělù), also called the Zhangdian–Dongying railway or Zhangdong railway, is a railroad in Shandong Province of northern China, between Zibo and Dongying.  The railway has a total length of 91 kilometres (57 mi). and was completed in 1972.  The line branches off of the Jiaozhou–Jinan railway at the Zhangdian station near Zibo.  Major cities and towns along route include Zibo, Boxing County, and Dongying.

Qingdao–Jinan railway
The Qingdao–Jinan railway or Jiaoji Railway (simplified Chinese: 胶济铁路; traditional Chinese: 膠濟鐵路; pinyin: Jiāojì Tiělù, formerly the Shantung Railway)  is a railway in Shandong Province, China. The railway is 393 kilometres (244 mi) in length and connects Qingdao, on the Jiaozhou Bay, and Jinan, the provincial capital of Shandong.  Adolph von Hansemann and other German financiers funded construction of the railway, then known as Schantung Eisenbahn Gesellschaft (Shantung Railway Company), which began September 23, 1899, and was completed in 1904. Since the quadruple tracking of this corridor with the opening of the parallel Qingdao–Jinan passenger railway, the line is mostly used for freight with some conventional passenger services.
Franklin McCain
Franklin Eugene McCain (January 3, 1941 – January 9, 2014) was an American civil rights activist and member of the Greensboro Four. McCain, along with fellow North Carolina A&T State University students Ezell Blair Jr., Joseph McNeil and David Richmond, staged a sit-in protest at the Woolworth lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, on February 1, 1960, after they were refused service due to the color of their skin. Their actions were credited with launching the Greensboro sit-ins, a massive protest across state lines involving mostly students who took a stand against discrimination in restaurants and stores by refusing to leave when service was denied to them. The sit-ins successfully brought about the reversal of Woolworth's policy of racial segregation in their southern stores, and increased national sentiment to the fight of African-Americans in the south.

Ezell Blair Jr.
Jibreel Khazan (born Ezell Alexander Blair Jr.; October 18, 1941) is a civil rights activist who is best known as a member of the Greensboro Four, a group of African American college students who, on February 1, 1960, sat down at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter in downtown Greensboro, North Carolina challenging the store's policy of denying service to non-white customers. The protests and the subsequent events were major milestones in the Civil Rights Movement.
Trifle
Trifle is a layered dessert of English origin. The usual ingredients are a thin layer of ladyfingers or sponge cake soaked in sherry or another fortified wine, a fruit element (fresh or jelly), custard and whipped cream layered in that ascending order in a glass dish. The contents of a trifle are highly variable and many varieties exist, some forgoing fruit entirely and instead using other ingredients, such as chocolate, coffee or vanilla. The fruit and sponge layers may be suspended in fruit-flavoured jelly, and these ingredients are usually arranged to produce three or four layers. The assembled dessert can be topped with whipped cream or, more traditionally, syllabub.

The name trifle was used for a dessert like a fruit fool in the sixteenth century; by the eighteenth century, Hannah Glasse records a recognisably modern trifle, with the inclusion of a gelatin jelly.

Fruit fool
A fool is an English dessert. Traditionally, fruit fool is made by folding puréed stewed fruit (classically gooseberries) into sweet custard. Modern fool recipes often use whipped cream instead of custard. Additionally, a flavouring such as rose water may be added.