hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Souliote War (1789–1793)
The 1789–1793 Souliote War was an armed conflict between Ali Pasha of Ioannina and a coalition of Souliotes and their Muslim allies. The war lasted between February 1789 and April 1793 and was fought in the context of the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) and local power struggles. The Souliotes achieved a defensive victory but their actions did not foment a Christian insurrection as the Russians had hoped.

Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
The Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 involved an unsuccessful attempt by the Ottoman Empire to regain lands lost to the Russian Empire in the course of the previous Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774). It took place concomitantly with the Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791), the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790), and the Theatre War.

During the Russian-Turkish War of 1787–1792, on 25 September 1789, a detachment of the Imperial Russian Army under Alexander Suvorov and Ivan Gudovich, took Khadjibey and Yeni Dünya for the Russian Empire. In 1794, Odesa replaced Khadjibey by a decree of the Russian Empress Catherine the Great.

Russia formally gained possession of the Sanjak of Özi (Ochakiv Oblast) in 1792 and it became a part of Yekaterinoslav Viceroyalty. The Russian Empire retained full control of Crimea, as well as land between the Southern Bug and the Dniester.
J. S. Fry & Sons
J. S. Fry & Sons, Ltd. was a British chocolate company owned by Joseph Storrs Fry and his family. Beginning in Bristol in 1761, the business went through several changes of name and ownership, becoming J. S. Fry & Sons in 1822. In 1847, Fry's produced what is often considered the first solid chocolate bar. The company also created the first filled chocolate sweet, Cream Sticks, in 1853. Fry is most famous for Fry's Chocolate Cream, the first mass-produced chocolate bar, which was launched in 1866, and Fry's Turkish Delight, launched in 1914.

Fry, alongside Cadbury and Rowntree's, was one of the big three British confectionery manufacturers throughout much of the 19th and 20th centuries, and all three companies were founded by Quakers. The company became a division of Cadbury in the early 20th century. The division's Somerdale Factory near Bristol was closed after the 2010 takeover of Cadbury's by Kraft Foods Inc.

Somerdale Factory
Somerdale was a chocolate factory located in Keynsham near Bristol in England. It was the home of a Cadbury plc production facility, and was originally built by the Fry family when they expanded through consolidation of a number of existing facilities located in the centre of Bristol. The factory closed in 2011 after the takeover of Cadbury by Kraft Foods Inc. Existing production was moved to a new factory abroad in Poland.
Takeover/Cloud 9
Takeover/Cloud 9 is a British music publishing company. The organisation is a co-owned subsidiary of Takeover Entertainment Ltd and EMI Music Publishing. It was founded by English rapper Kwasi Danquah III (commonly known as Tinchy Stryder) and EMI Music Publishing's UK president and EMI European creative president, Guy Moot, as a publishing arm solely for Danquah's music in December 2008.

Takeover Entertainment
Takeover Entertainment was a British entertainment company. The organization operated an independent record label, talent agency, a music production company, as well as its own music publishing house. The company was founded in 2006 and was run by Kwasi Danquah III (known by his pseudonym Tinchy Stryder), Archie Lamb and Jack Foster. It specialized in producing R&B, hip hop and electronic music. It was dissolved in October 2013

The first person to be signed to Takeover Entertainment was English rapper and entrepreneur Tinchy Stryder. Success followed by Stryder becoming the biggest selling UK male artist of 2009 with his second studio album, Catch 22, which spawned hits, including "Take Me Back", and #1's "Never Leave You", and the N-Dubz collaboration "Number 1".
Solicitor General of Hong Kong
The Solicitor General of Hong Kong is head of the Legal Policy Division of the Department of Justice (律政司) in Hong Kong. He (to date no woman has held the post) is responsible for the development of legal policy, advising the Secretary for Justice (called the Attorney General before 1997) on legal issues, and overseeing the department's staff and legislative programme.

Secretary for Justice
The secretary for justice (Chinese: 律政司司長) is the head of the Hong Kong Department of Justice, the chief legal advisor to the chief executive of Hong Kong and the government, and the chief law enforcement officer of the Government of Hong Kong. Before the transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong in 1997, the position was known as the Attorney-General of Hong Kong.

Like all other principal officials, the secretary for justice is appointed by the Central Government on the nomination of the Chief Executive, and is an official member of the Executive Council. The position is normally held by a legal professional, and was before July 2002 a civil service position. The secretary for justice, after the chief secretary and the financial secretary, is the third highest ranking principal official of the Government.

The current secretary for justice is Paul Lam, GBS, SC, JP.
Badreddin al-Houthi
Badreddin al-Houthi (3 November 1926 – 25 November 2010) was a Yemeni cleric and politician. A Zaydi Shia, he was one of the founders of the Party of Truth in Yemen and the spiritual leader of the Houthi movement.

He was also the father of the founder of the Houthi movement, Hussein al-Houthi, and the father of the organization's current leader, Abdul Malik al-Houthi.

Hussein al-Houthi
Hussein al-Houthi (20 August 1959 – 10 September 2004) was a Yemeni politician and Zaydi religious leader who was the founder of the Houthi movement. A member of the Yemeni parliament for the Party of Truth between 1993 and 1997, he served as a key figure in the Houthi insurgency against the Yemeni government, beginning in 2004.

Al-Houthi, who was a one-time rising political aspirant in Yemen, had wide religious and tribal backing in northern Yemen's mountainous regions. The Houthi movement took his name after his death in 2004.
Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed Alsagoff
Syed Mohamed bin Syed Ahmad Alsagoff (Arabic: سيد محمد بن سيد أحمد السقاف Sayyid Muḥammad bin Sayyid Aḥmad as-saqqāf) (1836 – July 3, 1906) was an Arab Muslim born in Singapore who was known as Nong Chik.

He was the most prominent member of the Alsagoff family. He received two land concessions from Sultan Abu Bakar of Johor; one in Kukup where he could print his own currency and the other in Kampong Nong Chik.

He was also involved in Singapore's civil service undertaking several diplomatic posts. The first post he held was the Ottoman consul, where the Osmanieh Order inducted him into their ranks after he became consul. Syed Mohamed was also asked to conduct diplomacy on behalf of the Sultanate of Aceh during its conflict with the Dutch.

He died on July 3, 1906. After his death, his sons developed the Bukit Tunggal Estate in the 1920s. The Madrasah Alsagoff Al-Arabiah (founded in 1912) was built according to his will.

House of al-Sagoff
The House of al-Sagoff (Arabic: آل السقاف; also transliterated as al-Saqqaf or al-Saqqāf) are a Hadhrami Arab family that has been historically active in Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Jordan, the United Arab Emirates, Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore. Through intermarriage, the family formed social and economic connections with several other prominent families, particularly in Southeast Asia. They owned several properties, such as the Al-Saqqaf Palace in Mecca, Saudi Arabia (which was eventually bought by King Abdulaziz) and the Perseverance Estate in Singapore, where lemongrass was cultivated and community gatherings were held. The family traces its lineage to the Ba'Alawi clan of the Banu Hashim in Hadhramaut.

Members of the Alsagoff family trace their lineage to Abd al-Rahman al Saqqaf, a prominent Sheikh from Tarim. He was a 13th-generation descendant of the progenitor of the Ba'Alawi clan Ahmad Al-Muhajir, who was born in Basra in 273 AH.
The Spanish Jade (1922 film)
The Spanish Jade is a 1922 British silent drama film directed by John S. Robertson. Alfred Hitchcock is credited as a title designer. The film is considered to be lost. It was shot at Islington Studios in London by the British subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. The story had previously been made into a 1915 film of the same title.

The Spanish Jade (1915 film)
The Spanish Jade is a 1915 American drama silent film directed by Wilfred Lucas, written by Maurice Hewlett and Louis Joseph Vance, and starring Betty Bellairs, Wilfred Lucas, Nigel De Brulier, Arthur Tavares, Frank Lanning and Howard Davies. It was released on April 11, 1915, by Paramount Pictures. It was the first film produced by Fiction Pictures, Inc., a short-lived production company founded by Vance.
Pseudosphere
In geometry, a pseudosphere is a surface in . It is the most famous example of a pseudospherical surface. A pseudospherical surface is a surface piecewise smoothly immersed in  with constant negative Gaussian curvature. A "pseudospherical surface of radius R" is a surface in  having curvature −1/R2 at each point. Its name comes from the analogy with the sphere of radius R, which is a surface of curvature 1/R2. Examples include the tractroid, Dini's surfaces, breather surfaces, and the Kuen surface.

The term "pseudosphere" was introduced by Eugenio Beltrami in his 1868 paper on models of hyperbolic geometry.

Breather surface
In differential geometry, a breather surface is a one-parameter family of mathematical surfaces which correspond to breather solutions of the sine-Gordon equation, a differential equation appearing in theoretical physics. The surfaces have the remarkable property that they have constant curvature , where the curvature is well-defined. This makes them examples of generalized pseudospheres.
John Gaddi
John Gaddi (Hebrew: Johanan or Yohanan) (d. c. 160–159 BCE) was a son of Mattathias the Hasmonean and brother of Judas Maccabeus.  The Hasmonean family lead the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire which ruled Judea in the 160s BCE.  John's activities are not as well-documented as his other brothers.  He is usually considered to have been the eldest of Mattathias's five sons.  He died around 160 or 159 BCE.

Alternative forms of his cognomen "Gaddi" include "Gaddis" and "Gaddim".

Judas Maccabeus
Judas Maccabaeus or Maccabeus (/ˌmækəˈbiːəs/ MAK-ə-BEE-əs), also known as Judah Maccabee (Hebrew: יהודה המכבי, romanized: Yehudah HaMakabi), was a Jewish priest (kohen) and a son of the priest Mattathias. He was an early leader in the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire, taking over from his father around 166 BCE, and leading the revolt until his death in 160 BCE.

The Jewish holiday of Hanukkah ("Dedication") commemorates the restoration of Jewish worship at the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 164 BC after Judah Maccabee removed all of the statues depicting Greek gods and goddesses and purified it.
Perodua Kelisa
The Perodua Kelisa is a city car from Malaysian automaker Perodua. It was launched in 2001 as the successor to the Perodua Kancil. The Kelisa was sold alongside the older Kancil, and both were eventually replaced by the Perodua Viva in 2007.

Perodua Kancil
The Perodua Kancil (also known as the Perodua Nippa in the United Kingdom, and Daihatsu Ceria in Indonesia) is a city car manufactured by Malaysian automobile manufacturer Perodua from August 1994 to July 2009. The Kancil is a rebadged third generation Daihatsu Mira.
Jurassic Park: Rampage Edition
Jurassic Park: Rampage Edition is a 1994 action-platform video game developed by BlueSky Software and published by Sega for the Sega Genesis. It is the sequel to Sega's previous Jurassic Park video game, based on the 1993 film of the same name and also released for the Genesis. Rampage Edition is a revamped version of its predecessor, featuring similar gameplay with several changes, and a new story that continues from where the previous game ended.

Jurassic Park (Sega Genesis video game)
Jurassic Park is a 1993 action-adventure game developed by BlueSky Software and published by Sega for the Sega Genesis. It was released as a tie-in with the 1993 film of the same name, and features elements from Michael Crichton's 1990 novel on which the film is based.

In 1994, after the financial success of the film and its merchandise, Sega released a sequel video game titled Jurassic Park: Rampage Edition. Both games were re-released in 2023 as part of Jurassic Park: Classic Games Collection.
Lebanon bologna
Lebanon bologna is a type of American cured, smoked, and fermented semidry beef sausage; it is not, in spite of its name, a pork-based bologna. It is typically served as a cold cut or appetizer.

Lebanon bologna has a distinct, tangy flavor, more so than other generally similar fermented meat products such as summer sausage. Hardwood smoking imparts a strong smokiness to the traditionally prepared versions of the product.

Bologna sausage
Bologna sausage, informally baloney (/bəˈloʊni/ bə-LOH-nee), is an American cooked sausage which is an imitation of genuine Italian mortadella Bologna PGI, a variety of mortadella, a large salume. Its seasonings, which include black pepper, nutmeg, allspice, celery seed, coriander, and myrtle berries, give it its flavor.

Similar imitations of mortadella Bologna include parizer (Parisian sausage) in Hungary, Romania, and the countries of the former Yugoslavia;  polony in Zimbabwe, Zambia, South Africa and Western Australia; devon in most states of Australia; and fritz in South Australia.

In North America, a simple and popular use is in the bologna sandwich. In the Southern United States, a bologna cake exists which is bologna slices layered with seasoned cream cheese to make the appearance of a cake.
Salt Lake City Public Library system
The Salt Lake City Public Library system is a network of public libraries funded by Salt Lake City.  The Free Public Library of Salt Lake City first opened on February 14, 1898.  The system is under the direction of a library board and circulates more than three million items each year.

There are nine locations: the Main Branch library downtown, the Anderson-Foothill Branch, the Chapman Branch in Poplar Grove, the Day-Riverside Branch in Rose Park, the Sprague Branch in Sugar House, the Corrine & Jack Sweet Branch in the Avenues, the Glendale Branch (opened in February 2015), and the Marmalade Branch in the Marmalade neighborhood of Capitol Hill (opened in February 2016).

Salt Lake City Public Library
The Salt Lake City Public Library system's main branch building is an architecturally unique structure in Salt Lake City, Utah. It is located at 210 East 400 South, across from the Salt Lake City and County Building and Washington Square.
HMS Tornado
HMS Tornado was a Royal Navy R-class destroyer constructed and then operational in the First World War. She was sunk, with most of her crew in 1917. On 23 December 1917 HMS Surprise, HMS Torrent, and  HMS Tornado sank after entering an Imperial German minefield.

HMS Torrent
HMS Torrent was a Royal Navy R-class destroyer constructed and then operational in the First World War. She was sunk, with most of her crew in 1917. On 23 December 1917 Surprise, HMS Torrent, and Tornado sank after entering an Imperial German minefield.
Rotokauri railway station
Rotokauri railway station (formerly Te Rapa railway station), also known as The Hub, is a railway station, park and ride, and bus station in north Hamilton, New Zealand serving Rotokauri and Te Rapa. Located on the North Island Main Trunk, it was previously a flag station, and was closed in January 1971. It reopened as an integrated transport hub in 2021 as part of Te Huia services between Hamilton and Papakura (extended to The Strand in 2022). Services started on 6 April 2021.

Hamilton railway station, New Zealand
Hamilton railway station serves the city of Hamilton in the Waikato region of New Zealand. It is located in the suburb of Frankton, hence the station's former name Frankton Junction, its name for most of its existence. The station is a Keilbahnhof, located at the junction of the North Island Main Trunk (NIMT) and East Coast Main Trunk (ECMT) lines. The station is served by the regional Te Huia service, which runs to Auckland via Rotokauri Transport Hub and Huntly railway station twice daily in the morning, with return services in the evening and by the 6-days a week, Northern Explorer passenger service, between Auckland and Wellington.
Departments of Senegal
The 14 regions of Senegal are subdivided into 46 departments and 103 arrondissements (neither of which have administrative function) and by collectivités locales (the 14 régions, 110 communes, and 320 communautés rurales) which elect administrative officers.

Since three new regions increased the number of departments to 45 in 2008, the most recent addition, of Keur Massar, in May 2008 brings the number to 46.

The departments are listed below, by region:

Regions of Senegal
Senegal is subdivided into 14 regions (French: régions, singular – région), each of which is administered by a Conseil Régional (pl.: Conseils Régionaux) elected by population weight at the arrondissement level. 
Senegal is further subdivided into 46 departments, 103 arrondissements (neither of which have administrative function) and by collectivités locales (the 14 regions, 110 communes, and 320 communautés rurales) which elect administrative officers. Three of these regions were created on 10 September 2008, when Kaffrine Region was split from Kaolack, Kédougou region was split from Tambacounda, and Sédhiou region was split from Kolda.

To date, all regions take their name from their regional capitals.
General Railway Signal
General Railway Signal Company (GRS) was an American manufacturing company located in the Rochester, New York area. GRS was focused on railway signaling equipment, systems and services. The company was established in 1904 and became part of Alstom Transport in 1998. GRS was a member of the Dow Jones Industrial Average from 1928 to 1930.

Alstom
Alstom SA (French: [alstɔm]) is a French multinational rail transport systems manufacturer. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, rail services, signalling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional and urban trains along with trams.

The company and its name (originally spelled Alsthom) were formed by a merger between the electric engineering division of Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (Als) and Compagnie Française Thomson-Houston (thom) in 1928. Significant acquisitions later included the Constructions Électriques de France (1932), shipbuilder Chantiers de l'Atlantique (1976), and parts of ACEC (late 1980s).
Angle bracket (fastener)
An angle bracket or angle brace or angle cleat is an L-shaped fastener used to join two parts generally at a 90-degree angle. It is typically made of metal but it can also be made of wood or plastic. Angle brackets feature holes in them for screws.

A typical example use of is a shelf bracket for mounting a shelf on a wall. In general, angle brackets have a wide range of applications, and are used, among other things, in building construction, mechanical engineering or to join two pieces of furniture

Retailers also use names like corner brace (not to be confused with corner bracing in cross bracing), corner bracket brace, shelf bracket, or L bracket. When the holes are enlarged for allowing adjustments, the name is angle stretcher plates or angle shrinkage.

Shelf support
A shelf support is a fastener used to hang a shelf from a wall. It can be an alternative to built-in shelving or adjustable shelving.

There are several different types of shelf supports. A very common variant is an L-shaped shelf support, which is also called shelf bracket, and can be seen as a subset of angle brackets. There are also other forms of plug-in shelf supports commonly used in a wardrobes or cabinets (cabinet shelf support, wardrobe shelf support, shelf pin, shelf support peg, shelf support push).
Elizabeth Monroe
Elizabeth Monroe (née Kortright; June 30, 1768 – September 23, 1830) was the first lady of the United States from 1817 to 1825, as the wife of James Monroe, fifth president of the United States. Due to the fragile condition of Monroe's health, many of her duties as the official White House hostess were assumed by her eldest daughter, Eliza Monroe Hay.

Eliza Monroe Hay
Elizabeth Kortright Monroe Hay (December 1786 – January 27, 1840) was an American socialite who acted as unofficial First Lady during her father James Monroe's presidency, as her mother's health kept her away from many White House duties. She was married to prominent attorney George Hay.
State Highway 56 (New Zealand)
State Highway 56 is a New Zealand state highway. It begins at SH 57 at Makerua and runs north-east to Palmerston North from the West. The state highway officially terminates on Pioneer Highway at its intersection with Maxwells Line just at the entrance to the city.

State Highway 57 (New Zealand)
State Highway 57 (SH 57) is a New Zealand state highway, linking State Highway 1 north of Ohau to State Highway 3 east of Ashhurst, via Levin, Shannon, Massey University and the southern suburbs of Palmerston North. The highway connects State Highway 1 traffic coming north from Wellington to the city of Palmerston North, and further to the Manawatū Gorge, allowing passage to the eastern side of the North Island and to the twin cities of Napier and Hastings. The highway is classified by the NZTA as a national strategic road.

State Highway 57 broadly follows the route of the North Island Main Trunk railway line to Linton, then follows the route of the Manawatū River for the remainder of its length. For its entire length, the highway is single carriageway with occasional passing lanes and at-grade intersections.
OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon
The OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon, an Earth station in Australia, was established to meet the need for more reliable and higher quality communications for the Apollo program. NASA contracted Australia's Overseas Telecommunications Commission (OTC) "to provide an earth station near Carnarvon, Western Australia to link the NASA tracking station in that area to the control centre in the USA", also contracting COMSAT to launch three Intelsat-2 communications satellites.

Carnarvon Tracking Station
The Carnarvon Tracking Station was an Earth tracking station in Australia, located 10 kilometres (6.2 miles)  south of Carnarvon, Western Australia. It operated from 1963 until 1975, during which it supported the Gemini, Apollo and Skylab space programs.
Terumi Tanaka
Terumi Tanaka (田中 煕巳, Tanaka Terumi; born 29 April 1932) is a Japanese anti-nuclear and anti-war activist and former professor. He is a hibakusha, a survivor of the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, and is the secretary general of Nihon Hidankyo, a Japan-wide organisation of atomic and hydrogen bomb sufferers. He lives in Niiza, Saitama.
On October 11, 2024, the Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organizations (Nihon Hidankyo), which he represents, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

Nihon Hidankyo
The Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organizations, often shortened to Nihon Hidankyō (日本被団協, Nihon Hidankyō), is a group that represents survivors (known as hibakusha) of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It was formed in 1956.

Nihon Hidankyō lobbies both the Japanese government for improved support of the victims and governments worldwide for the abolition of nuclear weapons. Their activities included recording thousands of witness accounts, issuing resolutions and public appeals, and sending annual delegations to various international organisations, including the United Nations, to advocate for global nuclear disarmament.

The organisation was awarded the 2024 Nobel Peace Prize "for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons and for demonstrating through witness testimony that nuclear weapons must never be used again".