hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mounds View, Minnesota
Mounds View is a city in Ramsey County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 13,249 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area.

U.S. Highway 10, County Road 10, and Interstate Highway 35W are three of the main routes in the city.

Ramsey County, Minnesota
Ramsey County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 552,352, making it the state's second-most populous county, and was estimated to be 542,015 in 2024. Its county seat and largest city is Saint Paul, the state capital and the twin city of Minneapolis. The county was founded in 1849 and is named for Alexander Ramsey, the first governor of the Minnesota Territory. Ramsey County is part of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul–Bloomington, MN–WI Metropolitan statistical area. It is Minnesota's smallest and most densely populated county, as well as the 38th-most densely populated county in the United States in 2010.
Virginia Company of London
The Virginia Company of London (sometimes called "London Company") was a division of the Virginia Company with responsibility for colonizing the east coast of North America between latitudes 34° and 41° N.

Somers Isles Company
The Somers Isles Company (fully, the Company of the City of London for the Plantacion of The Somers Isles or the Company of The Somers Isles) was formed in 1615 to operate the English colony of the Somers Isles, also known as Bermuda, as a commercial venture. It held a royal charter for Bermuda until 1684, when it was dissolved, and the Crown assumed responsibility for the administration of Bermuda as a royal colony.
Mayenne
Mayenne (French: [majɛn] ⓘ) is a landlocked department in northwest France named after the river Mayenne. Mayenne is part of the administrative region of Pays de la Loire and is surrounded by the departments of Manche, Orne, Sarthe, Maine-et-Loire, and Ille-et-Vilaine.

Mayenne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. The northern two thirds correspond to the western part of the former province of Maine. The southern third of Mayenne corresponds to the northern portion of the old province of Anjou. The inhabitants of the department are called Mayennais. It had a population of 307,062 in 2019.

Mayenne (river)
The Mayenne (French pronunciation: [majɛn] ⓘ) is a 202.3 km (125.7 mi) long river in western France, principally located in the French region of Pays de la Loire. Together with the river Sarthe and its tributary the Loir it forms the Maine, which is a tributary to the Loire.
Lichtstadt Feldkirch
Lichtstadt Feldkirch ("City of Light Feldkirch") is a light art festival in Feldkirch in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg. It was first held in 2018. It is planned that the festival be held every two years.

Feldkirch, Vorarlberg
Feldkirch (Austrian German pronunciation: [ˈfɛldkɪrç] ⓘ) is a town in the western Austrian state of Vorarlberg, bordering on Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It is the administrative centre of the Feldkirch district. After Dornbirn, it is the second most populous town in Vorarlberg. The westernmost point in Austria lies in Feldkirch on the river Rhine, at the tripoint between Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein.
John Lewis Childs
John Lewis Childs (May 13, 1856 – March 6, 1921) was a horticultural businessman and politician who founded Floral Park, New York. In addition to a widespread reputation for being a zealous ornithologist, Childs is also credited with founding the first mail order seed catalog business in the United States.

Floral Park, New York
Floral Park is an incorporated village located in western Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 16,172 at the time of the 2020 census.

Floral Park is at the western border of Nassau County, mainly in the Town of Hempstead, while the section north of Jericho Turnpike (NY 25) is within the Town of North Hempstead. The area was formerly known as East Hinsdale.

The neighborhood of Floral Park in the New York City borough of Queens is adjacent to – but not part of – the village.
Museum railway station
Museum railway station is a heritage-listed underground commuter rail station that is located on the City Circle route at the southern end of Hyde Park in the Sydney central business district of New South Wales, Australia. The station is served by Sydney Trains' T2 Leppington & Inner West Line, T3 Liverpool & Inner West Line and T8 Airport & South Line. The station is named after the nearby Australian Museum. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

City Circle
The City Circle is a mostly-underground railway line located in the Sydney central business district and Haymarket, in New South Wales, Australia, that forms the core of Sydney's passenger rail network. The lines are owned by the Transport Asset Holding Entity, a State government agency, and operated under Transport for NSW's Sydney Trains brand. Despite its name, the City Circle is of a horseshoe shape, with trains operating in a U-shaped pattern. The constituent stations of the Circle are (clockwise): Central, Town Hall, Wynyard, Circular Quay, St James, Museum and back to Central.
Entity linking
In natural language processing, entity linking, also referred to as named-entity disambiguation (NED),  named-entity recognition and disambiguation (NERD), named-entity normalization (NEN), or concept recognition, is the task of assigning a unique identity to entities (such as famous individuals, locations, or companies) mentioned in text. For example, given the sentence "Paris is the capital of France", the main idea is to first identify "Paris" and "France"  as named entities, and then to determine that "Paris" refers to the city of Paris and not to Paris Hilton or any other entity that could be referred to as "Paris" and "France" to the French country.

The entity linking task is composed of 3 subtasks.

Named-entity recognition: Extraction of named entities from a text.

Candidate generation: For each named entity, select possible candidates from a knowledge base (e.g. Wikipedia, Wikidata, DBPedia, ...).

Disambiguation: Choose the correct entity from this set of candidates.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Dms Broadcasting
dms Broadcasting is a broadcasting company operating four radio stations in the Cayman Islands. The company is an affiliate of dms Organization Ltd, a business conglomerate engaged in the financial services, real estate and media industries.

The stations include 96.5 CayRock, Hot 104.1, 106.1 Kiss FM, and X107.1. All four stations are housed in the dms Broadcasting Centre in George Town, Grand Cayman.  All four broadcasts are also simultaneously streamed live on the internet via each station's website.

ZFKK-FM
106.1 Kiss FM (106.1 FM) is an adult contemporary music formatted radio station in the Cayman Islands. The station is owned by dms Broadcasting, an affiliate of dms Organization.

The station maintains studio operations in George Town, Grand Cayman. The broadcast is also simultaneously streamed live on the internet via the station's website.
Georgia State Route 109
State Route 109 (SR 109) is a 62.7-mile-long (100.9 km) state highway that runs west-to-east through portions of Troup, Meriwether, Pike, and Lamar counties in the western part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The route travels from the Alabama state line to at SR 18 near Barnesville.  Traffic data shows it serves as the primary east-west route of both middle Troup County and Meriwether County. It is considered a medium priority route by the Georgia DOT for its entire length, except between the cities of Lagrange and Greenville, where it is considered a critical priority route. It is also the first east-west state route in west-central Georgia north of the Pine Mountain Range. SR 109 has one Spur route connecting Greenville to Gay.  It was first designated on April 7, 1933 much shorter than it is today and shown in August 1933.

Georgia State Route 85
State Route 85 (SR 85) is a 96.7-mile-long (155.6 km) state highway in the west-central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. It travels within portions of Muscogee, Harris, Talbot, Meriwether, Coweta, Fayette, and Clayton counties. It connects the Columbus and Forest Park areas, via Manchester, Woodbury, Senoia, Fayetteville, and Riverdale.
Frank Cady
Frank Randolph Cady (September 8, 1915 – June 8, 2012) was an American actor best known for his role as storekeeper Sam Drucker in three American television series during the 1960s – Petticoat Junction, Green Acres, and The Beverly Hillbillies – and his earlier role as Doc Williams on The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet.

The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet
The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet is an American television sitcom that aired on ABC from October 3, 1952, to April 23, 1966, and starred the real-life Nelson family. After a long run on radio, the show was brought to television, where it continued its success, initially running simultaneously on radio and TV. In terms of seasons, it was the longest running live-action sitcom in American television history until It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia surpassed it on December 1, 2021 (though it still retains the record in terms of total episodes produced: 435). The series starred the entertainment duo of Ozzie Nelson and his wife, singer Harriet Nelson, and their sons, David and Ricky. Don DeFore had a recurring role as the Nelsons' neighbor, "Thorny."
9K38 Igla
The 9K38 Igla (Russian: Игла́, "needle", NATO reporting name SA-18 Grouse) is a Soviet/Russian man-portable infrared homing surface-to-air missile (SAM) system. A simplified, earlier version is known as the 9K310 Igla-1 (NATO: SA-16 Gimlet), and the latest variant is the 9K338 Igla-S (SA-24 Grinch).

The Igla-1 entered service in 1981, the Igla in 1983, and the Igla-S in 2004. The Igla has been supplemented by the 9K333 Verba since 2014.

9K333 Verba
The 9K333 Verba (Russian: Верба, "Willow") is a Russian fourth-generation man-portable infrared homing surface-to-air missile (SAM) MANPADS. "9K333" is the Russian GRAU designation of the system.
Its NATO reporting name is SA-29 Gizmo.
Berthier rifle
The Berthier rifles and carbines were a family of bolt-action small arms in 8mm Lebel, used in the French Army, and French Colonial Forces, from the 1890s to the beginning of World War II (1940). After the introduction of the Lebel rifle in 1886, the French Army wanted a repeating carbine using the same ammunition as the Lebel to replace their single shot carbine based on the Gras rifle. At the time, many armies based their carbines on their standard rifle model, however the Lebel rifle's tube magazine made it difficult to follow this approach. The Modele 1890 Berthier Cavalry Carbine addressed this issue by combining a modified Lebel action with an en-bloc clip magazine. With its successful cavalry introduction, the Berthier would go on to be produced in many different carbine and full-length rifle versions.

Clip (firearms)
A clip is a device that is used to store multiple rounds of ammunition together as a unit for insertion into the magazine or cylinder of a firearm. This speeds up the process by loading the firearm with multiple rounds simultaneously, rather than individually, as with loose rounds of ammunition. There are several types, most made of inexpensive stamped sheet metal, which are generally intended to be disposable, although they are more often retained and reused.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Satriano e Campagna
The Diocese of Satriano e Campagna (Latin: Dioecesis Satrianensis et Campaniensis) was a Roman Catholic diocese located in the town of Satriano in the Province of Catanzaro in the Calabria region of southern Italy. In 1818, the diocese of Campagna was united with the Archdiocese of Conza to form the Archdiocese of Conza e Campagna. The diocese of Satriano was completely suppressed, and its territory incorporated into the diocese of Campagna.

In 1968, the title of Bishop of Satriano, though not the diocese itself, was restored as the name of a titular see.

Archdiocese of Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi–Conza–Nusco–Bisaccia
The Archdiocese of Sant’Angelo dei Lombardi–Conza–Nusco–Bisaccia (Latin: Archidioecesis Sancti Angeli de Lombardis–Compsana–Nuscana–Bisaciensis) is a Latin archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Campania. It has existed since 1986. It is a suffragan of the archdiocese of Benevento.
Shizoku
The Shizoku (士族, "warrior families") was a social class in Japan composed of former samurai after the Meiji Restoration from 1869 to 1947. Shizoku was a distinct class between the kazoku (a merger of the former kuge and daimyō classes) and heimin (commoners) with no special class privileges, and the title was solely on the register. The Shizoku were abolished in the revised civil code in 1947 after the Japanese defeat in World War II.

Kazoku
The Kazoku (華族, "Magnificent/Exalted lineage"; IPA: [ka̠zo̞kɯ̟]) was the hereditary peerage of the Empire of Japan, which existed between 1869 and 1947. It was formed by merging the feudal lords (daimyō) and court nobles (kuge) into one system modelled after the British peerage. Distinguished military officers, politicians, and scholars were occasionally ennobled as (新華族, shin kazoku, 'the newly ennobled'), until the country's defeat in the Second World War in 1945. The system was abolished with the 1947 constitution, which prohibited any form of aristocracy under it, but kazoku descendants still form the core of the traditional upper class in the country's society, distinct from the nouveau riche.

Kazoku (華族) should not be confused with kazoku (家族), which is pronounced the same in Japanese, but written with a different first character, meaning "immediate family" (as in the film Kazoku above).
Burlesque in Harlem
Burlesque in Harlem (also released as Rock & Roll Burlesque and A French Peep Show) is a 1949 revue film directed by William D. Alexander. It features a cast of singers, dancers and comedians who were prominent on the Chitlin' Circuit of vaudeville theaters and nightclubs that exclusively presented African American talent.

The plotless film is hosted by Dick Barrow, who sings "Juice Head Baby", and the main headliner is the comedian Pigmeat Markham, who performs a sketch called The Love Making Bureau.

Other performers in the cast include the dancer Gertrude "Baby" Banks, the singers Jo Jo Adams and Hucklebuck Jones, the striptease contortionist Tarza Young, and the tap dance duo Slip and Slide.

Pigmeat Markham
Dewey "Pigmeat" Markham (April 18, 1904 – December 13, 1981) was an American entertainer. Though best known as a comedian, Markham was also a singer, dancer, and actor. His nickname came from a stage routine, in which he declared himself to be "Sweet Poppa Pigmeat". He was sometimes credited in films as Pigmeat "Alamo" Markham.

He is also known for his 1968 single "Here Comes the Judge", which is often considered to be the earliest hip hop record.
Bobbi Law
Bobbi Law (born 4 June 1997) is an Australian rugby league footballer who plays for the Canberra Raiders in the NRL Women's Premiership. Primarily a centre, she is a Prime Minister's XIII and Indigenous All Stars representative. She previously played for the NRL Women's Premiership sides Sydney Roosters Newcastle Knights, with whom she won the 2022 NRLW Grand Final with, and the St George Illawarra Dragons.

Newcastle Knights Women
The Newcastle Knights Women are an Australian rugby league team based in Newcastle, New South Wales. The team is part of the Newcastle Knights club and competes in the National Rugby League Women's Premiership (NRLW). The team's home ground is McDonald Jones Stadium. The team has won two premierships over its history (2022 and 2023).
Ronald Lamola
Ronald Ozzy Lamola (born 21 November 1983) is a South African lawyer and politician who is the Minister of International Relations and Cooperation as a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa since 22 May 2019 as a member of the African National Congress (ANC). He was Minister of Justice and Correctional Services from May 2019 to June 2024. He is a member of the ANC's National Executive Committee and National Working Committee. Lamola had previously been involved in the African National Congress Youth League.

Minister of International Relations and Cooperation
The Minister of International Relations and Cooperation is the foreign minister of the South African government, with political responsibility for South Africa's foreign relations and the Department of International Relations and Cooperation. The present minister is Ronald Lamola, who was appointed by President Cyril Ramaphosa on 30 June 2024.

After the creation of the Union of South Africa as a British dominion in 1910, its foreign relations were initially carried out by the British Foreign Office. However, in 1927 the South African government established a Department of External Affairs. From 1927 until 1955, the prime minister also served as foreign minister.
Chhachhrauli
Chhachhrauli is a town, tehsil and gram panchayat consisting of 20 wards in the Yamunanagar district in the state of Haryana, India. It is 11 km north-east of Yamunanagar city-Jagadhari. Chachhraulli is often known as "Cherapunjii of Haryana" as it receives the most rain in the whole of Haryana 
. (The average for Haryana is 450mm in monsoon and Chachhraulli receives 1100 mm.) It was a municipal committee until 1998. Before independence in 1947, it was the capital of the princely state of Kalsia.

Chhachhrauli has two areas:

Khadar is a low lying area near the banks of the Yamuna River. The population is predominantly Hindu Gujjars. It has fertile lands for agriculture, often struck by floods. Average rainfall is 1050 mm. Khadar is also knows as Gujjar Land in Yammunagar district due to large number of Gurjar's

Ghaad is a high elevated area near shivalik hills.

Kalsia
Kalsia was a princely state in Punjab, British India, one of the former Cis-Sutlej states. It was founded by Gurbaksh Singh Kalsia in 1760. After India's independence, it was included in PEPSU and later in the Indian East Punjab after the States Reorganisation Act, 1956. The area of Kalsia is now located in the modern day Indian states of Punjab and Haryana. In 1940 the population of Kalsia was 67,393. Kalsia was ruled by Jat Sikhs.
João Geraldo
João Pedro Ferreiro Geraldo (born 29 September 1995) is a Portuguese table tennis player from Mirandela, who currently plays for German club TTF Liebherr Ochsenhausen and Greek club Panathinaikos. Together with Tiago Apolónia and Marcos Freitas, he won the gold medal in the men's team competition at the 2014 European Table Tennis Championships and at the inaugural European Games with Tiago Apolonia and Marcos Freitas.

Marcos Freitas
Marcos André Sousa da Silva Freitas  (born 8 April 1988) is a Portuguese table tennis player who won European Championships medals in singles, doubles, and team events. He represented Portugal four times at the Summer Olympics.
QZ Carinae
QZ Carinae (HD 93206) is a multiple star system in the constellation Carina.  It is the brightest member of the loose open cluster Collinder 228 and one of the brightest stars in the Carina Nebula.  The apparent magnitude is variable from +6.16 to +6.49 with a period of 6 days.

Star system
A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction. It may sometimes be used to refer to a single star. A large group of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a star cluster or galaxy, although, broadly speaking, they are also star systems. Star systems are not to be confused with planetary systems, which include planets and similar bodies (such as comets).
Les Trois Accords
Les Trois Accords is a Canadian rock band from Drummondville, Québec. The band released their first album, Gros Mammouth Album, in 2003. In 2004, Gros Mammouth Album Turbo (certified Platinum by the Music Canada) was released with two extra tracks, "Loin d'ici" and "Turbo Sympathique". In 2006, they released their second album, entitled Grand champion international de course (certified Gold by the Music Canada).

Gros mammouth album
Gros Mammouth Album is the first album by Québécois rock/pop band Les Trois Accords. It was released in 2003, and re-released in 2004 as Gros Mammouth Album Turbo featuring two new tracks, 'Loin d'ici' and 'Turbo sympathique'. Also, track "Auto-cannibal" was removed.
Etzioni Brigade
The Etzioni Brigade (Hebrew: חֲטִיבַת עֶצְיוֹנִי, Hativat Etzyoni), also 6th Brigade and Jerusalem Brigade, is an infantry brigade of the Israel Defense Forces. It was founded in late 1947 as the Field Corps unit responsible for the defence of Jerusalem and its surroundings, where it operated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War along with the Harel Brigade. Its first commander was Yisrael Amir, who was replaced by David Shaltiel.

The brigade participated in operations in the city of Jerusalem itself, including Yevusi, Kilshon, the battles of Ramat Rachel, Kedem and Yekev.

Operation Kedem
Operation Kedem was an action planned and carried out by Irgun and Lehi forces in July 1948, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli war. Its purpose was to capture East Jerusalem, including the Old City. After the first cease-fire of the Arab–Israeli War, which lasted for four weeks, the balance in power in Jerusalem had shifted dramatically. The Jews were now much stronger than the Arabs in the Jerusalem sector. Irgun and Lehi attempts to break through the wall into the Old City failed.
Yves Fortier (ambassador)
Louis Yves Fortier PC CC OQ KC (born September 11, 1935) is a Canadian diplomat, trial and appellate lawyer, arbitrator and corporate director. He served as the Canadian Ambassador to the United Nations from August 1988 to December 1991. In August 2013, he became a member of the Security Intelligence Review Committee and the Queen's Privy Council for Canada. He also served as the national president of the Canadian Bar Association from 1982 to 1983.

Paul D.K. Fraser
Paul D.K. Fraser QC (1941 – March 29, 2019) was a Canadian lawyer from British Columbia.  He served as the Conflict Commissioner for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as well as the president of the Canadian Bar Association (1981–1982), the Commonwealth Lawyers Association (1993–1996), and of the Canadian section of the International Commission of Jurists. He also chaired a review of pornography and prostitution laws for the government of Canada.
Wangi Wangi, New South Wales
Wangi Wangi (/ˈwɒndʒi wɒndʒi/) is a suburb of the City of Lake Macquarie in New South Wales, Australia, which forms a peninsula jutting eastwards into Lake Macquarie. Wangi Wangi is a well known holiday spot, that was frequented in the early days by families from the coalfields. It is known for its views, bush-walking, and fishing spots.

Lake Macquarie (New South Wales)
Lake Macquarie (Awabakal: Awaba) is Australia's largest coastal lake. Located in the City of Lake Macquarie and Central Coast Council local government areas in the Hunter and Central Coast regions of New South Wales, Australia, it covers an area of 110 square kilometres (42.5 sq mi) and is connected to the Tasman Sea by a short channel. Most of the residents of the City of Lake Macquarie live near the shores of the lake.

Lake Macquarie is twice as large as Sydney Harbour and is the largest coastal salt water lake in the Southern Hemisphere. It is slightly smaller than Port Stephens, which is about 43 kilometres (27 mi) to the northeast of the lagoon.