hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of San Fermo
45°48′37″N 9°02′46″E﻿ / ﻿45.81028°N 9.04611°E﻿ / 45.81028; 9.04611

The Battle of San Fermo, which took place the 27 May 1859 at a pass near Como in the northern part of Lombardy, was an engagement of the Second Italian War of Independence in which the Italian volunteers of Giuseppe Garibaldi's Hunters of the Alps defeated an Austrian force, forcing the Austrians to abandon Como.

San Fermo della Battaglia
San Fermo della Battaglia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Milan and about 3 kilometres (2 mi) southwest of Como. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,255 and an area of 3.1 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi).

With della Battaglia meaning "of the battle", the town is named after the battle which took place there between Garibaldi's Hunters of the Alps (Cacciatori delle Alpi) and Austrian militaries in 1859.

San Fermo della Battaglia borders the following municipalities: Como, Montano Lucino.
Richard Nyren
Richard Nyren (1734–1797) was an English professional cricketer who played during the heyday of the Hambledon Club. A genuine all-rounder and the earliest known left-hander of note, Nyren was the captain of Hampshire when its team included players like John Small, Thomas Brett and Tom Sueter. Although the records of many matches in which he almost certainly played have been lost, he made 51 known appearances between 1764 and 1784. He was known as the team's "general" on the field and, for a time, acted as the club secretary as well as taking care of matchday catering for many years.

John Nyren
John Nyren (15 December 1764 – 30 June 1837) was an English cricketer and author. Nyren made 16 known appearances from 1787 to 1817. He achieved lasting fame as the author of The Cricketers of My Time, which was first published in 1832 as a serial in a periodical called The Town and was then included in The Young Cricketer's Tutor, published in 1833 by Effingham Wilson of London. Nyren's collaborator in the work was Charles Cowden Clarke.
Helmut Kallmann
Helmut Max Kallmann CM (7 August 1922 – 12 February 2012) was a Canadian musicologist, music educator, librarian, and scholar of Canadian music history. He was a librarian at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, head of the music division at Library Archives Canada, and co-founder of the Canadian Music Library Association.

Canadian Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation Centres
The Canadian Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation Centres (CAML; French: Association canadienne des bibliothèques, archives et centres de documentation musicaux, ACBM) is a national association that represents music librarians across Canada. Members work in organizations that support musical activities in Canada, including libraries, archives, conservatories, and universities. The organization aims to support all aspects of music librarianship in Canada, including research and scholarship, and to cooperate with other national and international organizations concerned with music.

CAML is the Canadian branch of the International Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation Centres (IAML).

The association archives are held at Library and Archives Canada.
Sandra Bréa
Sandra Bréa Brito (11 May 1952 – 4 May 2000) was a Brazilian actress and model. An exponent of the Porn Art Movement, she was one of Brazil's main sex symbols, especially in the 1970s, having posed nude several times for magazines such as Playboy and Status among the others. Sandra was a key figure in the sexploitation film genre known as Pornochanchada in Brazil in the 1970s. She was also known for publicly admitting that she was infected with the HIV virus in August 1993. She died of lung cancer in 2000.

Pornochanchada
Pornochanchada (Portuguese pronunciation: [poʁnoʃɐ̃ˈʃadɐ]) is a genre of sex comedy films (chanchada means a kind of light comedy, a burlesque) produced in Brazil that was popular from the late 1960s, following the popularity of commedia sexy all'italiana. By the 1980s, with the wide availability of hardcore pornography through clandestine video cassettes, the genre suffered a considerable decline. The name, combined pornô (porn) and chanchada (light comedy), which itself combined comedy and erotica.
Ron Jarzombek
Ron Jarzombek is an American guitarist best known for his work with WatchTower,  Spastic Ink, and Blotted Science, featuring Alex Webster of Cannibal Corpse. His most recent project is Terrestrial Exiled.  He released a brand new song, "Beyond Life And Cosmic Kinetics" (B.L.A.C.K.), as an interactive six-track multi-tracking app in November 2012.

Jarzombek has guested with a number of artists ranging from fellow guitarists Marty Friedman and Jeff Loomis to death metal outfits Obscura and Odious Mortem as well as Protest The Hero. He has also  collaborated with Cynic offshoot Gordian Knot and Lamb of God drummer Chris Adler. He teaches guitar in San Antonio, Texas and is a member of local Rush tribute band Exit Stage Left.

Blotted Science
Blotted Science is an instrumental progressive metal supergroup headed by Ron Jarzombek (Watchtower, Spastic Ink), bassist Alex Webster (Cannibal Corpse) and drummer Hannes Grossmann (ex-Obscura, ex-Necrophagist). They formed under the name Machinations of Dementia, but later changed their name to Blotted Science (Machinations of Dementia would be the title of their first publicly purchasable album).
Bauxite
Bauxite (/ˈbɔːksaɪt/ ⓘ) is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content. It is the world's main source of aluminium and gallium. Bauxite consists mostly of the aluminium minerals gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)), and diaspore (α-AlO(OH)), mixed with the two iron oxides goethite (FeO(OH)) and hematite (Fe2O3), the aluminium clay mineral kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH)4) and small amounts of anatase (TiO2) and ilmenite (FeTiO3 or FeO·TiO2).
Bauxite appears dull in luster and is reddish-brown, white, or tan.

In 1821, the French geologist Pierre Berthier discovered bauxite near the village of Les Baux in Provence, southern France, the origin of the name.

Gibbsite
Gibbsite, Al(OH)3, is one of the mineral forms of aluminium hydroxide. It is often designated as γ-Al(OH)3: 2  (but sometimes as α-Al(OH)3). It is also sometimes called hydrargillite (or hydrargyllite).

Gibbsite is an important ore of aluminium in that it is one of three main phases that make up the rock bauxite.

Gibbsite has three named structural polymorphs or polytypes: bayerite (designated often as α-Al(OH)3,: 2  but sometimes as β-Al(OH)3), doyleite, and nordstrandite. Gibbsite can be monoclinic or triclinic, while bayerite is monoclinic.: 13  Doyleite and nordstrandite are triclinic forms.: 13
Edward Gaming
Edward Gaming (EDG) is a professional esports organization based in Shanghai, China.

EDG's League of Legends team, officially called EDG Hycan, competes in the League of Legends Pro League (LPL) and plays home games at the Shanghai Electric Industrial Park. It is the only LPL team to have won both the Mid-Season Invitational and the World Championship, in 2015 and 2021 respectively.

EDG's VALORANT team competes in the VALORANT Champions Tour as a partnered franchised team. Since 2022, they have consistently represented China on the international stage, attending almost every international event since their debut at 2022 VALORANT Champions.  They won 2024 Valorant Champions, beating Team Heretics 3-2.

2015 Mid-Season Invitational
The 2015 Mid-Season Invitational is the first event of the Mid-Season Invitational (MSI) – a League of Legends tournament organized by publisher Riot Games that was held after Spring Season, from May 7–10, 2015 at the Florida State University Donald L. Tucker Civic Center in Tallahassee, Florida. The participants is 6 winner teams of the Spring Season: 5 teams from North America (NA LCS), Europe (EU LCS), China (LPL), South Korea (LCK), Taiwan/Hong Kong/Macau (LMS) and a team from Wildcard regions (Brazil, CIS, Japan, Latin America, Oceania, Southeast Asia) that won the Mid-Season International Wildcard Invitational (IWCI).

EDward Gaming from China won the first ever MSI title after defeating SK Telecom T1 from South Korea 3–2 at the final.
Samuel Ashworth
Samuel Bolton Ashworth (11 March 1877 – 30 December 1925) was an English footballer who played as a defender in the Football League for Burslem Port Vale, Everton, Manchester City and Stoke. He played for Manchester City in their victory in the 1904 FA Cup final, and also helped both City and Everton to finish second in the First Division.

1904 FA Cup final
The 1904 FA Cup final was a football match between Bolton Wanderers and Manchester City on 23 April 1904 at Crystal Palace in London. The showpiece match of English football's primary cup competition, the Football Association Challenge Cup (better known as the FA Cup), it was the 33rd Cup final, and the tenth at Crystal Palace.

Each team progressed through four rounds to reach the final. Manchester City were a First Division team chasing a league and cup double; Bolton Wanderers were a mid-table Second Division team. Consequently, most observers anticipated a Manchester City win. In a close match featuring strong defensive play, Manchester City won 1–0. The goal, scored by Billy Meredith, was disputed by those with Bolton sympathies, who believed Meredith to be offside. The victory gave Manchester City their first major honour.
Let Freedom Ring
Let Freedom Ring is an album by American jazz saxophonist Jackie McLean, recorded in 1962 and released on the Blue Note label. It features McLean in a quartet with pianist Walter Davis Jr., bassist Herbie Lewis and drummer Billy Higgins.

McLean wrote three of the four compositions. "Melody for Melonae" is dedicated to his daughter (as was an earlier composition, "Little Melonae"), and appeared as "Melanie" on Matador, a later recording that he made with Kenny Dorham. The slower-tempo performance on Let Freedom Ring was the first occasion that McLean used "provocative upper-register screams". "Rene" and "Omega" are both blues-related pieces, the former with a standard twelve-bar structure and harmonies, the latter more abstract and modal. The one non-McLean track is Bud Powell's ballad, "I'll Keep Loving You".

Walter Davis Jr.
Walter Davis Jr. (September 2, 1932 – June 2, 1990) was an American bebop and hard bop pianist.

Davis once left the music world to be a tailor, but returned. A soloist, bandleader, and accompanist, he amassed a body of work while never becoming a high-profile name even within the jazz community. Davis played with Babs Gonzales' Three Bips & a Bop as a teen, then moved from Richmond to New York in the early 1950s. He played with Max Roach and Charlie Parker, recording with Roach in 1953.

He joined Dizzy Gillespie's band in 1956, and toured the Middle East and South America. He also played in Paris with Donald Byrd in 1958 and with Art Blakey & the Jazz Messengers in 1959.

After retiring from music for a while to run his tailor shop, Davis returned in the 1960s, producing records and writing arrangements for a local New Jersey group. He studied music in India in 1979, and played with Sonny Rollins in the early 1970s.
Ryōzen, Fukushima
Ryōzen (霊山町, Ryōzen-machi) is one of the five towns incorporated into Date City, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, along with the former towns of Date, Hobara, Tsukidate, and Yanagawa. It was formerly an independent town located in Date District.

Date, Fukushima
Date (伊達市, Date-shi; [date]) is a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2026, the city had an estimated population of 55,004 in 23,314 households and a population density of 219 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 265.10 square kilometres (102.36 sq mi).
Angie Craig
Angela Dawn Craig (born February 14, 1972) is an American politician, retired journalist, and former businesswoman. A member of the Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), she has served as the U.S. representative from Minnesota's 2nd congressional district since 2019. The district includes most of the southern suburbs of the Twin Cities and outlying rural areas to the southwest.

Born and raised in Arkansas, Craig worked in journalism and corporate communications. She moved to Minnesota in 2005 for a job at St. Jude Medical. Craig first ran for Congress in 2016, narrowly losing to Jason Lewis, whom she defeated in their 2018 rematch.

Craig is the first openly LGBT+ member of Congress from Minnesota, and the first lesbian mother to serve in Congress. On April 29, 2025, she announced her candidacy for the United States Senate in the 2026 election to succeed Tina Smith.

2026 United States Senate election in Minnesota
The 2026 United States Senate election in Minnesota will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the state of Minnesota, concurrently with other elections to the U.S. Senate, elections to the United States House of Representatives, and other state and local elections. Primary elections will be held on August 11, 2026. Incumbent Democratic Senator Tina Smith is not seeking election to a second full term. Smith was elected to her first full term with 48.74% of the vote in 2020 after winning a special election in 2018 to complete the term of former Senator Al Franken, who resigned amid sexual harassment controversies.

This will be the first U.S. Senate election in Minnesota without an incumbent since 2006.
Super-Pharm
Super-Pharm (Hebrew: סופר-פארם) is an Israeli multinational pharmacy chain. It also operates in Poland,  and previously operated in China. Super-Pharm was founded by Murray Koffler with his two oldest children, Leon and Theo. The pharmacy uses a similar logo, and has private-label brands (such as Life), as Shoppers Drug Mart in Canada, which was also founded by Koffler.

Shoppers Drug Mart
Shoppers Drug Mart Inc. (colloquially Shoppers; named Pharmaprix in Quebec) is a Canadian retail pharmacy chain based in Toronto, Ontario. It has more than 1,300 stores in ten provinces and two territories.

The company was founded by pharmacist Murray Koffler in 1962; the Koffler family still retains ownership of the Super-Pharm pharmacy, which has locations in Israel, Poland, and formerly in China (as Ensure from 2005 to 2011). Super-Pharm's logo is similar to that of Shoppers Drug Mart, which was created by the artist Sylvain Liu. It also uses some of the same private-label brands, such as Life Brand and Quo.

Koffler sold Shoppers Drug Mart to Imasco in 1986, before spinning off into an independent company in 2000; but gained its status a publicly-traded corporation in 2001. In 2014, Brampton-based Loblaw Companies acquired Shoppers Drug Mart for $12.4 billion in cash and stock. By early 2016, Shoppers had over 1,300 locations in Canada.
Kalenjin languages
The Kalenjin languages are a family of a dozen Southern Nilotic languages spoken in Kenya, eastern Uganda and northern Tanzania. The term Kalenjin comes from an expression meaning 'I say (to you)' or 'I have told you' (present participle tense). Kalenjin in this broad linguistic sense should not be confused with Kalenjin as a term for the common identity the Nandi-speaking peoples of Kenya assumed halfway through the twentieth century; see Kalenjin people and Kalenjin language.

Southern Nilotic languages
The Southern Nilotic languages are spoken mainly in western Kenya and northern Tanzania (with one of them, Kupsabiny or Sapiny, being spoken on the Ugandan side of Mount Elgon). They form a division of the larger Nilotic language family, along with the Western Nilotic languages and the Eastern Nilotic languages.
Hard Grit
Hard Grit is a 1998 British rock climbing film directed by Richard Heap and produced by Slackjaw Film, featuring traditional climbing, free soloing, and bouldering on gritstone routes in the Peak District in Northern England. It is considered an important film in the genre and regarded as a historic and iconic film. The film starts with a dramatic fall by French climber Jean–Minh Trinh-Thieu on Gaia at Black Rocks. Hard Grit won ten international film festival awards.

Black Rocks (Derbyshire)
Black Rocks (or Stonnis Rocks), is a small outcrop of ashover gritstone, between Cromford and Wirksworth in Derbyshire, the Peak District, England. It is an important crag in the history of British rock climbing, and has some of the most extreme climbing routes in Britain, including Gaia E8 6c.
Lavochkin La-152
The Lavochkin La-152, (USAF reporting name - Type 4), and its variants, was a jet fighter prototype designed and manufactured by the Lavochkin Design Bureau (OKB) shortly after the end of World War II. Derived from the Lavochkin La-150, the 152 used several different engines, but the program was canceled as other fighters with more powerful engines and swept wings showed more promise.

Lavochkin La-160
The Lavochkin La-160, known as  Strelka (Arrow), was the first Soviet swept-winged jet fighter research prototype. It was designed and manufactured by the Lavochkin Design Bureau from 1946. USAF reporting name - Type 6
Catalina Swimwear
Catalina (originally Bentz Knitting Mills, later Pacific Knitting Mills and Catalina Knitting Mills) is an American swimwear brand founded in 1907 in Los Angeles, California. Once one of the largest swimwear manufacturers in the United States, Catalina played a significant role in the development of American swimwear fashion and was instrumental in the creation of the Miss USA and Miss Universe beauty pageants in 1952.

Miss Universe
Miss Universe is an annual international major beauty pageant that is run by the Thailand and Mexican-based Miss Universe Organization. Along with Miss World, Miss International, and Miss Earth, it is one of the Big Four beauty pageants.

The Miss Universe Organization and its brand is owned by JKN Global Group and Legacy Holding Group USA Inc., an American division of Mexican company Legacy Holding through the joint venture company JKN Legacy Inc. Telemundo had the licensing rights to air the pageant through 2023. The pageant's advocacy is "humanitarian issues and is a voice to affect positive change in the world".

The reigning Miss Universe is Fátima Bosch from Mexico who was crowned on November 20, 2025, in Pak Kret, Thailand.
Oil shale in Israel
Oil shale in Israel is widespread but an undeveloped resource, largely because of economic and technological constraints.  Israeli oil shales belong to the group of Upper Cretaceous marinite deposits.  Although oil-shale deposits may lie under as much as 15% of the country, only a small part of these are mineable. According to the Geological Survey of Israel, deposits that could have the biggest economic potential are located in the northern Negev, the largest being the Rotem-Yamin formation. For several decades, oil shale was used for small-scale power generation at Mishor Rotem. Several Israeli companies have proposed shale oil extraction; testing of the viability of the oil shale industry is currently being undertaken by Israel Energy Initiatives. However, as of 2011, there are no commercial oil shale operations in Israel.

Mishor Rotem Power Station
The Mishor Rotem Power Station is a former oil shale-fired power station and current natural gas-fired power station in Mishor Rotem, Israel. It is operated by OPC Rotem, a subsidiary of the Israel Corporation (80%) and Veolia Environnement (20%).
Star Comics
Star Comics was an imprint of Marvel Comics that began in 1984 and featured titles that were aimed at child readers and were often adaptations of children's television series, animated series or toys. The last comic published under the imprint featured a May 1988 cover date, although the Star Comics Magazine continued through December 1988. Some of the titles continued after that, being published directly by Marvel. Several of the original titles consciously emulated the house writing and visual style of then-recently defunct Harvey Comics titles such as Richie Rich.

The imprint's signature titles were Peter Porker, The Spectacular Spider-Ham and Heathcliff, its longest running title. The imprint was also known for its Star Wars titles, Droids and Ewoks (based on the animated television series). Artists who worked on the line include Warren Kremer and Howard Post.

Spider-Ham
Spider-Ham (Peter Porker) is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is an anthropomorphic pig and is a cartoon animal parody version of Spider-Man. He was created by Larry Hama, Tom DeFalco and Mark Armstrong.

He first appeared in the one-shot humor comic book Marvel Tails Starring Peter Porker, the Spectacular Spider-Ham (November 1983), which was then followed by an ongoing bi-monthly series, Peter Porker, the Spectacular Spider-Ham, under Marvel's Star Comics imprint, with both titles edited by Hama. The character existed on Earth-8311, which was a universe populated by anthropomorphic parody versions of the Marvel superheroes and supervillains. Spider-Ham made his feature film debut in Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (2018), voiced by John Mulaney.
The Great Cow Race
The Great Cow Race is the second book in the Bone series. It collects issues 7-11 of Jeff Smith's self-published Bone graphic novels, along with the short story "Up on the Roof" which was originally published in Wizard Presents: Bone 13½. The book was first published by Cartoon Books in its original black-and-white form in 1996. Paperback and hardback coloured editions were released in 2005 by Scholastic.

This volume focuses on Gran'ma Ben's annual race against the town's cows, and Phoney and Smiley Bone's attempts to fix the race. It also delves into the deepening mystery of Thorn's past, and the brooding unrest between the valley folk and the Rat Creature tribe, between whom there has been an uneasy treaty.

Bone (comics)
Bone is an American fantasy comic book limited series written and illustrated by Jeff Smith, originally serialized in 55 irregularly released issues from 1991 to 2004. The series is primarily self-published by Smith's company, Cartoon Books; it was also briefly published by Image Comics. The issues were collected into nine volumes, as well as a single omnibus volume. From 2005 to 2009, color editions of the original volumes were published by Scholastic's Graphix imprint. The series intertwines comedy and dark fantasy.

Bone has received numerous awards, among them ten Eisner Awards and eleven Harvey Awards.
Sean M. Morrison
Sean M. Morrison is an American politician currently serving as Cook County commissioner from the 17th district and the chair of the Cook County Republican Party. Morrison is the only Republican serving on the Cook County Boards of Commissioners.

Cook County Board of Commissioners 17th district
Cook County Board of Commissioners 17th district is a single-member electoral district for the Cook County Board of Commissioners. It is currently represented by Sean M. Morrison, a Republican. It is the only seat on the Board of Commissioners that is currently represented by a Republican.
Pennsylvania Route 127
Pennsylvania Route 127 (PA 127) is a 10-mile-long (16 km) state highway located in Forest and Warren counties in Pennsylvania. The southern terminus is at U.S. Route 62 (US 62) in West Hickory. The northern terminus is at US 62 outside of Tidioute.

Warren County, Pennsylvania
Warren County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,587. Its county seat is Warren. The county was established in 1800 from parts of Allegheny and Lycoming counties; attached to Crawford County until 1805 and then to Venango County until Warren was formally established in 1819.

Warren County makes up the Warren, Pennsylvania micropolitan statistical area. The county is part of the North Central Pennsylvania region of the state.