hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manhattan Neighborhood Network
Manhattan Neighborhood Network (MNN) is an American non-profit organization that broadcasts programming on five public-access television cable TV stations in Manhattan, New York City. MNN operates two community media centres – in midtown Manhattan and East Harlem – and provides facilities to community producers and organizations who want to create programming to air on one of MNN's five channels. It is considered to be the largest community media center in the United States.

In 2012, MNN opened the MNN El Barrio Firehouse Community Media Center in East Harlem. In March 2023, MNN moved its other location from 537 West 59th Street to a brand new facility at 509 West 38th Street.

Public-access television
Public-access television (sometimes called community-access television) is traditionally a form of non-commercial mass media where the general public can create content television programming which is narrowcast through cable television specialty channels. Public-access television was created in the United States between 1969 and 1971 by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), under Chairman Dean Burch, based on pioneering work and advocacy of George Stoney, Red Burns (Alternate Media Center), and Sidney Dean (City Club of NY).

Public-access television is often grouped with public, educational, and government access television channels, under the acronym PEG.
International Skyrunning Federation
The International Skyrunning Federation (ISF) is the world governing body for skyrunning. The ISF today counts 41 Member nations. The Federation of Sports at Altitude (FSA) used to be the organization which governed and managed the sports of skyrunning. It has been replaced by the International Skyrunning Federation.

Skyrunning
Skyrunning is a sport of mountain running above 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) where the minimum average incline is 6% over the total distance and at least 5% has an incline of 30% or more. The climbing difficulty does not exceed II grade UIAA. Poles, crampons, and hands may be used to aid progress. The governing body is the International Skyrunning Federation.

The sport comprises a number of different disciplines from the short, steep Vertical Kilometer to the more popular SkyRace and SkyMarathon. Ultra SkyMarathons are becoming increasingly popular as are short vertical SkySpeed races which include skyscraper racing.
Luzhou Laojiao
Luzhou Laojiao Co. Ltd. (Chinese: 泸州老窖股份有限公司), or simply Luzhou Laojiao (Chinese: 泸州老窖; lit. 'Luzhou Old Cellar') is a company headquartered in Luzhou, Sichuan, China that specializes in the production, sale, and distribution of baijiu. The distillery produces baijiu that is characteristic of the Nongxiang (Chinese: 濃香; lit. 'strong aroma') style of baijiu; so much so that the category had originally been named "luxiang" (Chinese: 泸香; lit. 'lu aroma') for the Luzhou Laojiao distillery itself where it was believed the style had been developed.
Today Luzhou Laojiao is ranked as the fourth most valuable spirits brand internationally.

Baijiu
Baijiu (Chinese: 白酒; pinyin: báijiǔ; lit. 'white (clear) liquor'), or shaojiu (simplified Chinese: 烧酒; traditional Chinese: 燒酒; pinyin: shāojiǔ; lit. 'burning liquor'), is a colorless Chinese liquor typically coming in between 35% and 60% alcohol by volume (ABV). Each type of baijiu uses its own type of starter (qū) for fermentation to create a distinct and characteristic flavor profile.

Baijiu is usually distilled from fermented sorghum, although other grains may be used; some southeastern Chinese varieties may employ rice and glutinous rice while others may use wheat, barley, millet, or Job's tears (Chinese: 薏苡; pinyin: yìyǐ) in their mash bills. The qū used in the production of baijiu is usually made from pulverized wheat grain or steamed rice.

Because of its clarity, baijiu can appear similar to several other East Asian liquors, e.g. Japanese shōchū (25%) or Korean soju (20–45%), but it often has a significantly higher ethanol content (35–60%).
American Railway Association
The American Railway Association (ARA) was an industry trade group representing railroads in the United States. The organization had its inception in meetings of General Managers and ranking railroad operating officials known as Time Table Conventions, the first of which was held on October 1, 1872, at Louisville, Kentucky. In 1875, the group changed its name to General Time Convention and in October 1892, to American Railway Association. In January 1919, ten separate groups of operating officers were amalgamated with the association and carried on their activities as divisions, sections or committees of the larger group.

On October 12, 1934, the ARA ceased to exist, having joined with several other railroad industry trade groups to merge into the Association of American Railroads.

Association of American Railroads
The Association of American Railroads (AAR) is an industry trade group representing primarily the major freight railroads of North America (Canada, Mexico and the United States). Amtrak and some regional commuter railroads are also members. Smaller freight railroads are typically represented by the American Short Line and Regional Railroad Association (ASLRRA), although some smaller railroads and railroad holding companies are also members of the AAR. The AAR also has two associate programs, and most associates are suppliers to the railroad industry.
Abruzzi e Molise
Abruzzi e Molise (known as Abruzzi alone when part of the Kingdom of Two Sicilies) is a former region of Italy encompassing a total of 16,600 km2 (6,400 sq mi) and corresponding to the territories of Abruzzo, Molise and (until 1927) the Cittaducale District (presently a part of Lazio).

Molise
Molise (UK: /mɒˈliːzeɪ/ mol-EE-zay, US: /ˈmoʊlizeɪ, moʊˈliːzeɪ/ MOH-lee-zay, moh-LEE-zay;Italian: [moˈliːze]) is an administrative region of Italy that covers 4,460.65 km2 (1,722 sq mi), thus being the second smallest region in the country after Aosta Valley; it is located in southern Italy, and has a population of 287,966 as of 2025. Its regional capital is Campobasso, which is also the capital of the Province of Campobasso, one of the two provinces that make up Molise. The other one is the Province of Isernia.

The region was born in 1963 from the division with Abruzzo, with which it formed the region of Abruzzi e Molise.

Molise's small size and relative obscurity led it to become the subject of a popular meme "Molise doesn't exist".
Los Vipers
Los Vipers is a professional wrestling group, which has existed in various incarnations in the Mexican wrestling promotions Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA) since 1997. The group has consistently been presented as a Rudo (bad guy) stable. The group was founded by Cibernético and has featured a large number of wrestlers over the years. Over the years the group has also been known as Los Vipers Extreme, Los Vipers Primera Clase and Vipers Revolucion.

Cibernético
Octavio López Arreola (born April 12, 1975), better known by the ring name Cibernético, is a Mexican professional wrestler, working for Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA).

During AAA's short partnership with the World Wrestling Federation, he participated in the 1997 Royal Rumble and wrestled on Raw is War and WWF Shotgun Saturday Night, often teaming with Pierroth Jr. He is a former AAA Mega Champion as well as a former three time Campeón de Campeones, the predecessor to the AAA world championship.
Rovinj
Rovinj (Croatian: [rǒviːɲ]; Venetian and Italian: Rovigno; Istriot: Ruvèigno or Ruveîgno; Ancient Greek: Ρυγίνιον, romanized: Rygínion; Latin: Ruginium) is a city in west Croatia situated on the north Adriatic Sea with a population of 14,294 (2011). Located on the western coast of the Istrian peninsula, it is a popular tourist resort and beach destination, in addition to being an active fishing port. Istriot, a Romance language once widely spoken in this part of Istria, is still spoken by some of the residents. The town is officially bilingual, Croatian and Italian, hence both town names are official and equal.

Istria
Istria (/ˈɪstriə/ IST-ree-ə; Croatian and Slovene: Istra; Italian and Venetian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; Istro-Romanian: Istria; Latin: Histria; Ancient Greek: Ἱστρία) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at the top of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Kvarner Gulf, the peninsula is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy, 90% of its area being part of Croatia. Most of Croatian Istria is part of Istria County.
Menna Gallie
Menna Patricia Humphreys Gallie (18 March 1919 – 17 June 1990) was a Welsh-speaking Welsh novelist and translator. She is best known for her novels in the English language and as the first translator into English of the Welsh language novel Un Nos Ola Leuad by Caradog Prichard, the Welsh poet and novelist, as Full Moon (1973). Gallie was a life-long Labour Party activist. However, she felt that feminism was ideologically hidebound. And she was cool towards what she regarded as 'the more insistent parts' of second-wave feminism.

Caradog Prichard
Caradog Prichard (3 November 1904 – 25 February 1980) was a Welsh poet and novelist writing in Welsh. His daughter, Mari Prichard, was married to the late Humphrey Carpenter.

Caradog Prichard was born and grew up in the Gwynedd slate-quarrying town of Bethesda, in north-west Wales.  His father died when he was a baby, and his mother suffered from mental illness. Prichard began his career as a journalist with Welsh language newspapers in Caernarfon, Llanrwst and Cardiff, before moving to London, where he spent much of his life.
Okunev culture
Okunev culture (ru: Окуневская культура, romanized: Okunevskaya kul'tura, lit. 'Okunev culture'),  also known as Okunevo culture, was a south Siberian archaeological culture of pastoralists from the early Bronze Age dated from the end of the 3rd millennium BC to the early 2nd millennium BC in the Minusinsk Basin on the middle and upper Yenisei. It was formed from the local Neolithic Siberian forest cultures, who also showed evidence of admixture from Western Steppe Herders and pre-existing Ancient North Eurasians.

Samus culture
The Samus culture (ru: Самусьская культура, romanized: Samus'skaya kul'tura, lit. 'Samus culture' ) is an Early Bronze Age archaeological culture, around 2000 BC. It was widespread in Tomsk-Narym Basin Southern Western Siberia, on the middle Irtysh and in the upper reaches of the Ob and showed close ties to the neighboring Krotov culture.
Special revelation
Special revelation is a concept in Christian theology that refers to God's revelation as it is made exclusively to his chosen people in his divine Word; spoken or written Scripture, for his glory and their salvation. This is a special rather than general disclosure of the knowledge of God through means other than those which are available to all people, such as the observation of nature, philosophy, reason, conscience or providence.

According to Dumitru Stăniloae, the Eastern Orthodox Church's position on general and special revelation stands in stark contrast to Protestant and Roman Catholic theology, which marks a clear difference between the two and tends to posit that the former is not sufficient for salvation. In Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Stăniloae argues, there is no separation between the two and supernatural revelation merely embodies the former in historical persons and actions.

Revelation
Revelation, or divine revelation, is the disclosing of some form of truth or knowledge through communication with a deity (god) or other supernatural entity or entities in the view of religion and theology.
Mattegoda
Mattegoda is a town in Western Province, Sri Lanka.  It is located  a short distance south-east of Colombo. It is well known for the housing scheme situated in there. The nearest major town is Kottawa.

Kottawa
Kottawa (Sinhala: කොට්ටාව, Tamil: கொட்டாவை) is one of the main suburbs in Colombo, Sri Lanka and is administered by the Maharagama Urban Council. It is located 21 km (13 mi) from the centre of Colombo. It is a five-way junction and lies as the epicenter for Maharagama road, Homagama road, Piliyandala road, Malabe road and Borella road.
Polistes chinensis
Polistes chinensis is a polistine vespid wasp in the cosmopolitan genus Polistes, and is commonly known as the Asian, Chinese or Japanese paper wasp. Approximately 300 species of paper wasps have been identified worldwide. Polistes chinensis is found in East Asia, in particular China and Japan. The subspecies P. chinensis antennalis is an invasive species in New Zealand, having arrived in 1979, and more recently Australia.

The wasps prey on invertebrates, especially caterpillars. In this species, queens destroy up to 70% of worker-laid eggs and are aided by workers in a process known as worker policing.

Polistes
Polistes is a cosmopolitan genus of paper wasps and the only genus in the tribe Polistini. Vernacular names for the genus include umbrella wasps, coined by Walter Ebeling in 1975 to distinguish it from other types of paper wasp, in reference to the form of their nests, and umbrella paper wasps. Polistes is the single largest genus within the family Vespidae, with over 200 recognized species. Their innate preferences for nest-building sites leads them to commonly build nests on human habitation, where they can be very unwelcome; although generally not aggressive, they can be provoked into defending their nests. All species are predatory, and they may consume large numbers of caterpillars, in which respect they are generally considered beneficial.
Murqub District
Murqub (Arabic: المرقب Al Murqub), sometimes spelt Al Murgub or Al Marqab or al-Morqib, is one of the districts of Libya. The main city and capital is Khoms. The widely visited UNESCO World Heritage Site of Leptis Magna is also located in the district. In the north, Murqub has a shoreline on the Mediterranean Sea. On land, it borders Misrata to the east and south, Tripoli to the northwest and Jabal al Gharbi to the west.

Per the census of 2012, the total population in the region was 157,747 with 150,353 Libyans. The average size of the household in the country was 6.9, with the average size of non-Libyan households  being 3.7. There were a total of 22,713 households in the district, with 20,907 Libyan ones.  The population density of the district was 1.86 persons per sq. km.

In 2007 the district was enlarged to include twenty-six Basic People's Congresses (townships) of what had been the Tarhuna wa Msalata District.

Al-Khums
Al-Khums or Khoms (Arabic: الخمس) is a city, port and the de jure capital of the Murqub District on the Mediterranean coast of Libya with an estimated population of around 202,000. The population at the 1984 census was 38,174. Between 1983 and 1995 it was the administrative center of al-Khums District.
Chippendale, New South Wales
Chippendale is a small inner-city suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia on the southern edge of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Sydney. Chippendale is located between Broadway to the north and Cleveland Street to the south, Central railway station to the east and the University of Sydney to the west.

Cleveland Street, Sydney
Cleveland Street is a busy thoroughfare located to the south of the Sydney central business district in New South Wales, Australia. The street is named after Captain Cleveland, an officer of the 73rd regiment.
Medway Council
Medway Council is the local authority of Medway, a local government district in the ceremonial county of Kent, England. The council is a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council; it is independent from Kent County Council. The council was created on 1 April 1998 and replaced Rochester-upon-Medway City Council and Gillingham Borough Council.

The council has been under no overall control since by-elections in February 2025, being run by a minority Labour administration. It meets at the St George's Centre in the Chatham Maritime area of the borough and has its main offices at Gun Wharf in Chatham.

Medway
Medway is a unitary authority area with borough status in the ceremonial county of Kent in South East England. It was formed in 1998 by merging the boroughs of Rochester-upon-Medway and Gillingham, and is administered by Medway Council, which is independent from Kent County Council. The borough had a population of 278,016 in 2019.  The borough contains the towns of Chatham, Gillingham, Rainham, Rochester and Strood, which are collectively known as the Medway Towns.

Medway is one of the boroughs included in the Thames Gateway development scheme. It is also the home of Universities at Medway, a tri-partite collaboration of the University of Greenwich, the University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University on a single campus in Chatham, together with the Medway School of Arts.
Rostam Farrokhzad
Rostam Farrokhzād (Persian: رستم فرخزاد) was a dynast from the Ispahbudhan family, who served as the spahbed ("military marshal") of the northwestern quarter (kust) of Adurbadagan under the Sasanian monarchs Boran (r. 630–630, 631–632) and Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651). Rostam is remembered as a historical figure, a character in the Persian epic poem Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), and as a touchstone of many Iranian nationalists.

Yazdegerd III
Yazdegerd III (also Romanized as Yazdgerd, Yazdgird) was the last Sasanian King of Kings from 632 to 651. His father was Shahriyar and his grandfather was Khosrow II.

Ascending the throne at the age of eight, the young shah lacked authority and reigned as a figurehead, whilst real power was in the hands of the army commanders, courtiers, and powerful members of the aristocracy, who engaged in internecine warfare. The Sasanian Empire was weakened severely by these internal conflicts, resulting in invasions by the Göktürks from the east, and Khazars from the west. Yazdegerd was unable to contain the Rashidun conquest of Iran, and spent most of his reign fleeing from one province to another in the vain hope of raising an army. Yazdegerd met his end at the hands of a miller near Merv in 651, bringing an end to the last pre-Islamic Iranian empire after more than 400 years of rule.
Floreana giant tortoise
The Floreana giant tortoise (Chelonoidis niger niger), also known as the Charles Island giant tortoise, is a subspecies of the Galápagos tortoise endemic to the Galápagos archipelago in the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean. The specific epithet niger (‘black’) probably refers to the colouration of the holotype specimen. The species name has often been misspelled as nigra, an error introduced in the 1980s when Chelonoidis was elevated to genus and mistakenly treated as feminine, an error recognized and fixed in 2017.

In 2012, hybrids of the subspecies with Chelonoidis becki were discovered on Isabela Island. Since then, back breeding has been used to recreate the original subspecies and help it regain its genetic purity. As of 2025, 400 tortoises have been hatched in captivity on Santa Cruz Island. However, the IUCN has yet to update the subspecies' status due to lack of a genetically pure specimen at the time of the 2017 evaluation.

De-extinction
De-extinction (also known as resurrection biology, or species revivalism) is the process of human intervention to generate an organism that either resembles or is an extinct organism. There are several ways to carry out the process of de-extinction. Cloning is the most widely proposed method, although genome editing and selective breeding have also been considered. Similar techniques have been applied to certain endangered species, in hopes to boost their genetic diversity. The only method of the three that would provide an animal with the same genetic identity is cloning. There are benefits and drawbacks to the process of de-extinction ranging from technological advancements to ethical issues.
Rise (Samantha James song)
"Rise" is the 2006 debut single by American singer Samantha James. It was written by James, Olga Montes and Sebastian Arocha Morton. The song is from her first full-length album of the same name, which was released in 2007.

The single, in its original soul/electronica form and later remixed in two different releases, was submitted as a demo by her friend Dave Curtin, which led to her signing with Om Records.

The track reached number one on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart, reaching the top spot on April 21, 2007.

Sebastian Arocha Morton
Sebastian Arocha Morton is a Grammy-nominated American record producer and composer based in Los Angeles, California. Throughout his career as a record producer and songwriter, Morton has worked with many notable artists, including Seal, Sting, Santana, Donna Summer, Fischerspooner, Vikter Duplaix, Common, and Mary J. Blige. Morton was also a composer and producer for the films Little Miss Sunshine, Iron Man 2, Houdini, RoboCop, The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water, League of Gods, Mr. Robot, and Young Sheldon.

Morton composes and fuses a wide variety of musical genres, ranging from dance to hip hop, soul and ambient, among various other genres. His approach to film scoring bridges the worlds of modern electronic production and more traditional melodic orchestral composing.
Kildwick
Kildwick, or Kildwick-in-Craven, is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated between Skipton and Keighley and had a population of 191 in 2001,  rising slightly to 194 at the 2011 census. Kildwick is a landmark as where the major road from Keighley to Skipton crosses the River Aire. The village's amenities include a primary school, church and public house.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Sutton-in-Craven
Sutton-in-Craven is a village, electoral ward and (as just Sutton) a civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England that is situated in the Aire Valley between Skipton and Keighley. In 2001 the population was 3,480, increasing to 3,714 at the Census 2011.
The village is adjacent to Glusburn and Cross Hills, but although these three effectively form a small town, Sutton village maintains its distinct identity.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.
Estonian Basketball Association
The Estonian Basketball Association (Estonian: Eesti Korvpalliliit) is the governing body of basketball in Estonia. It was founded in 1923, and joined FIBA in 1934. After 1940 though, they suspended operations due to being occupied by the Soviet Union.

The Estonian Basketball Association operates the Estonian men's national team and Estonian women's national team. They organize national competitions throughout Estonia, for both the men's and women's senior teams and also the youth national basketball teams.

The top professional league in Estonia is the Korvpalli Meistriliiga.

Estonia women's national basketball team
The Estonia women's national basketball team (Estonian: Eesti naiste korvpallimeeskond) represents Estonia in international women's basketball matches. They are controlled by the Estonian Basketball Association.