hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Utah State University Eastern
Utah State University Eastern (USU Eastern) is a public regional college within the Utah State University system. The USU Eastern campus is located in Price, Utah, United States. Founded as Carbon College in 1937, the college joined the University of Utah system in 1959 for 10 years and was renamed College of Eastern Utah (CEU). In 1969, the Utah System of Higher Education was created ending the relationship between the University of Utah and CEU. CEU entered the USU system on July 1, 2010 as Utah State University Eastern. With more than 60 degree programs, the college focuses on technical, vocational, and associate degree programs. USU Eastern competes as the Eagles and is the only statewide USU campus, apart from the Logan campus, that has an athletics program.

Price, Utah
Price is a city in the U.S. state of Utah and the county seat of Carbon County. The city is home to Utah State University Eastern, as well as the USU Eastern Prehistoric Museum. Price is located within short distances of both Nine Mile Canyon and the Manti-La Sal National Forest.

The population was 8,216 at the 2020 census, making it the largest city in Carbon County.
Brentford End
Brentford End is a small area located in the borough of Hounslow, London to the west of Brentford and east of Isleworth.  It is a little-used name for that section of Brentford situated to the west of the river Brent.

Until the creation of the London Borough or Hounslow it was in the Borough of Heston and Isleworth, in the Administrative County of Middlesex.

Syon Park and Syon House are located in Brentford End, and this area was also home to Pocahontas for part of her time in England, between 1616 and 1617. Brentford End also covers part of the Golden Mile section of the Great West Road. The Brentford Town GWR Station was formerly located in Brentford End.

Brentford End from the air, with Syon Park in the foreground

Plaque commemorating Pocahontas, who lived opposite the grounds of Syon House

Looking towards Brentford Bridge, with former railway viaduct to the left

Gillette Building, Golden Mile (Brentford)

Brentford
Brentford is a suburban town in West London, England and part of the London Borough of Hounslow. It lies at the confluence of the River Brent and the Thames, 8 miles (13 km) west of Charing Cross.

Its economy has diverse company headquarters buildings which mark the start of the M4 corridor; in transport it also has two railway stations and Boston Manor Underground station on its northwest border with Hanwell. Brentford has a convenience shopping and dining venue grid of streets at its centre. Brentford at the start of the 21st century attracted regeneration of its little-used warehouse premises and docks including the remodelling of the waterfront to provide more economically active shops, townhouses and apartments, some of which comprise Brentford Dock.

A 19th- and 20th-century mixed social and private housing locality, New Brentford is contiguous with the Osterley neighbourhood of Isleworth and Syon Park and the Great West Road which has most of the largest business premises.
Yuma Territorial Prison
The Yuma Territorial Prison is a former prison located in Yuma, Arizona, United States, that opened on July 1, 1876, and shut down on September 15, 1909. It is one of the Yuma Crossing and Associated Sites on the National Register of Historic Places in the Yuma Crossing National Heritage Area. The site is now operated as a historical museum by Arizona State Parks system as Yuma Territorial Prison State Historic Park.

Yuma Crossing
Yuma Crossing is a site in Arizona and California that is significant for its association with transportation and communication across the Colorado River.  It connected New Spain and Las Californias in the Spanish Colonial period in and also during the Western expansion of the United States.  Features of the Arizona side include the Yuma Quartermaster Depot and Yuma Territorial Prison.  Features on the California Side include Fort Yuma,  which protected the area from 1850 to 1885.
Improvised explosive device
An improvised explosive device (IED) is a bomb constructed and deployed in ways other than in conventional military action. It may be constructed of conventional military explosives, such as an artillery shell, attached to a detonating mechanism. IEDs are commonly used as roadside bombs, or homemade bombs.

The term "IED" was coined by the British Army during the Northern Ireland conflict to refer to booby traps made by the IRA, and entered common use in the U.S. during the Iraq War.

IEDs are predominantly utilized by violent non-state actors, such as guerrilla or terrorist organizations, who use them in the context of strategies and tactics of insurrection, guerrilla warfare, asymmetric warfare, urban warfare or in terrorist operations. IEDs can also be utilized by state special forces or commando forces, to conduct unconventional warfare in a theatre of operations, such as in the case, for example, of the United States Army Special Forces.

Anti-tank mine
An anti-tank or AT mine is a type of land mine designed to damage or destroy vehicles including tanks and armored fighting vehicles.

Compared to anti-personnel mines, anti-tank mines typically have a much larger explosive charge, and a fuze designed to be triggered by vehicles or, in some cases, remotely or by tampering with the mine.
Cherat
Cherat (Pashto: چېراټ) is a hill station dating from the 1860s that is located immediately above the villages of Chapri, Bakhti,  Saleh Khana, Kotli Kalan and Dak Ismail Khel in the Nowshera District of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan.  Cherat lies 34 miles south east from the city of Peshawar at an elevation of 4,500 feet on the west of the Khattak range, which divides the district of Nowshera from Kohat District.

Nowshera District
Nowshera District (Pashto: نوښار ولسوالۍ‎, Urdu: ضلع نوشہرہ) is a district in the Peshawar Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The capital and district headquarter is Nowshera city.
Examili
Examili (Greek: Εξαμίλι or Εξαμήλι) is a village and a community of the Lagkadas municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform, it was part of the municipality of Assiros. The 2021 census recorded 194 inhabitants in the village. Examili is a part of the community of Assiros.

Assiros
Assiros (Greek: Άσσηρος, before 1926: Γιουβέσνα - Giouvesna, Macedonian: Гвоздово, romanized: Gvozdovo) is a village and a former municipality in the Thessaloniki regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Lagkadas, of which it is a municipal unit. The 2011 census recorded 2,037 inhabitants in the community of Assiros and 3,290 inhabitants in the municipal unit. The community of Assiros covers an area of 55.369 km2, while the respective municipal unit covers an area of 76.657 km2.
Doe River
The Doe River is a tributary of the Watauga River in northeast Tennessee in the United States. The river forms in Carter County near the North Carolina line, just south of Roan Mountain State Park, and flows to Elizabethton.

Elizabethton, Tennessee
Elizabethton  (/əˈlɪzəbɛθtən/) is a city in, and the county seat of Carter County, Tennessee, United States. Elizabethton is the historical site of the first independent American government (known as the Watauga Association, created in 1772) located west of both the Eastern Continental Divide and the original Thirteen Colonies.

The city is also the historical site of the Transylvania Purchase (1775), a major muster site during the American Revolutionary War for both the Battle of Musgrove Mill (1780) and the Battle of Kings Mountain (1780). It was within the secessionist North Carolina "State of Franklin" territory (1784–1788).

The population of Elizabethton was enumerated at 14,546 during the 2020 census.
Harriet Demetriou
Harriet Obias Demetriou is a Filipino lawyer and retired judge. She served as the chairperson of the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) from 1999 to 2001, the first woman to serve in that post. Prior to that, she was an associate justice of the Sandiganbayan, serving from 1995 to 1998. As presiding judge of the Pasig regional trial court, she presided over the trial for the murders of Eileen Sarmenta and Allan Gomez, in which Calauan, Laguna mayor Antonio Sanchez and his accomplices were convicted in 1995.

Commission on Elections (Philippines)
The Commission on Elections (Filipino: Komisyon sa Halalan), abbreviated as COMELEC, is one of the three constitutional commissions of the Philippines. Its principal role is to enforce all laws and regulations relative to the conduct of elections in the Philippines.

The other two Constitutional Commissions are the Commission on Audit and Civil Service Commission.
Hawaiian quilt
A Hawaiian quilt is a distinctive quilting style of the Hawaiian Islands that uses large radially symmetric applique patterns. Motifs often work stylized botanical designs in bold colors on a white background.

Hawaiian quilt appliqué is made from a single cut on folded fabric. Quilting stitches normally follow the contours of the appliqué design.

Appliqué
Appliqué is ornamental needlework in which pieces or patches of fabric in different shapes and patterns are sewn or stuck onto a larger piece to form a picture or pattern. It is commonly used as decoration, especially on garments. The technique is accomplished either by hand stitching or machine. Appliqué is commonly practised with textiles, but the term may be applied to similar techniques used on different materials. In the context of ceramics, for example, an appliqué is a separate piece of clay added to the primary work, generally for the purpose of decoration.

The term originates from the Latin applicō "I apply" and subsequently from the French appliquer "attach".
Bronwyn Calver
Bronwyn Lianne Calver (born 22 September 1969) is a former Australian cricketer who played as an all-rounder for the national team. She participated in two World Cups, in 1993 and in 1997, and was part of the winning team in the latter tournament.

1997 Women's Cricket World Cup
The 1997 Women's Cricket World Cup, also known as the Hero Honda Women's World Cup, was the sixth edition of the Women's Cricket World Cup, held in India. With 32 matches involving  a record 11 teams across 25 cricket grounds, England, Australia, New Zealand and India reached the semi-finals, with Australia and New Zealand progressing to the final match, which was played on 29 December 1997. Australia defeated New Zealand by five wickets to win their fourth championship title.

The 1997 World Cup also set a number of records for the tournament. In their match against Denmark, Australia scored the highest team score in a World Cup, 412/3, and achieved the largest winning margin in a World Cup, 363 runs. In the same match, Australia's Belinda Clark scored 229*, the highest individual score in a World Cup. Australia also bowled out Pakistan for 27 in 82 balls, the shortest completed innings in a Women's One Day International.
Céline Buckens
Céline Buckens (born 9 August 1996) is a Belgian-British actress. After appearing in the film War Horse (2011), she went on to play Mia MacDonald in the Netflix series Free Rein (2017–2019) and Sophie Mercer in the Cinemax series Warrior (2020). For her performance in the BBC drama Showtrial (2021), she was nominated for a British Academy Television Award and an International Emmy Award. She has also starred in the Paramount+ drama The Ex-Wife (2022–present), The Castaways (2023) and Suspect (2024).

Free Rein
Free Rein is a British drama television series created and written by Vicki Lutas and Anna McCleery. Produced in the UK by Lime Pictures, the ten-part first series premiered on Netflix on 23 June 2017. Although the island where the series is set is fictional and unnamed, it is based on Anglesey, Wales, and is referred to as "an island off the coast of England" throughout the programme. The second series premiered on 6 July 2018. Shortly afterwards, Free Rein was renewed for a third series, as well as two feature-length special episodes. Free Rein: The 12 Neighs of Christmas, premiered on 7 December 2018. The second special, Free Rein: Valentine’s Day, premiered on 1 February 2019. The third series, consisting of 10 episodes, premiered on 6 July 2019. In January 2021, cast member Céline Buckens confirmed that the series had concluded.
Child (Mark song)
"Child" is a song recorded by Canadian rapper Mark. It was released with an accompanying music video on February 4, 2022, as a part of NCT Lab. The song was written by Mark, Ron and Jane, who were joined in the composition by Dress. "Child" was described as an emotional hip hop track that expresses candidly Mark's worries throughout the lyrics.

The song charted at number twenty-three on South Korea's Gaon Digital Chart. It also charted at number nine and twenty-five in Indonesia and Thailand respectively. In North America, "Child" peaked at number eight on the Billboard World Digital Songs chart, making it the singer's first entry on the chart.

SM Station
SM Station is a digital music project by South Korean record label SM Entertainment. It undertook to release one digital single every Friday starting from February 3, 2016. The project's first season ended on February 3, 2017, with 52 songs. Its second season began on March 31, 2017, and concluded on April 6, 2018, with a total of 57 songs. In 2022, it introduced NCT Lab, a sub-project dedicated to individual projects for NCT members.
Marco Island, Florida
Marco Island is a city and barrier island in Collier County, Florida, 20 miles (32 km) south of Naples on the Gulf Coast of the United States. It is the largest barrier island in Southwest Florida's Ten Thousand Islands area, which extends southerly to Cape Sable. Marco Island is home to an affluent beach community with resort amenities.

Marco Island is a principal city of the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 15,760 at the 2020 census, down from 16,413 at the 2010 census. The population more than doubles during the winter.

Parts of the island have scenic, high elevations relative to the generally flat south Florida landscape. The island has a tropical climate; specifically, a tropical wet and dry or savanna type (Aw under the Köppen system). It is known for its distinct wet and dry seasons, with most of the rainfall between June and October.

Collier County, Florida
Collier County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, its population was 375,752; an increase of 16.9% since the 2010 United States Census. Its county seat is East Naples, where the county offices were moved from Everglades City in 1962. Collier County comprises the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which, along with the Cape Coral-Fort Myers (Lee County) MSA and the Clewiston (Hendry County, Glades County) Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA), is included in the Cape Coral-Fort Myers-Naples Combined Statistical Area (CSA).
Newman–Keuls method
The Newman–Keuls or Student–Newman–Keuls (SNK) method is a stepwise multiple comparisons procedure used to identify sample means that are significantly different from each other. It was named after Student (1927), D. Newman, and M. Keuls. This procedure is often used as a post-hoc test whenever a significant difference between three or more sample means has been revealed by an analysis of variance (ANOVA). The Newman–Keuls method is similar to Tukey's range test as both procedures use studentized range statistics. Unlike Tukey's range test, the Newman–Keuls method uses different critical values for different pairs of mean comparisons. Thus, the procedure is more likely to reveal significant differences between group means and to commit type I errors by incorrectly rejecting a null hypothesis when it is true. In other words, the Neuman-Keuls procedure is more powerful but less conservative than Tukey's range test.

Multiple comparisons problem
Multiple comparisons, multiplicity or multiple testing problem occurs when many statistical tests are performed on the same dataset. Each test has its own chance of a Type I error (false positive), so the overall probability of making at least one false positive increases as the number of tests grows. In statistics, this occurs when one simultaneously considers a set of statistical inferences or estimates a subset of selected parameters based on observed values.

The probability of false positives is measured through the family-wise error rate (FWER). The larger the number of inferences made in a series of tests, the more likely erroneous inferences become.  Several statistical techniques have been developed to compensate for the number of inferences being made—for example, by requiring a stricter significance threshold for individual comparisons.
Fausto Coppi
Angelo Fausto Coppi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈfausto ˈkɔppi]; 15 September 1919 – 2 January 1960) was an Italian cyclist, the dominant international cyclist of the years after the Second World War. His successes earned him the title Il Campionissimo ("Champion of Champions"). He was an all-round racing cyclist: he excelled in both climbing and time trialing, and was also a good sprinter. He won the Giro d'Italia five times (1940, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953), the Tour de France twice (1949 and 1952), and the World Championship in 1953. Other notable results include winning the Giro di Lombardia five times, the Milan–San Remo three times, as well as wins at Paris–Roubaix and La Flèche Wallonne and setting the hour record (45.798 km) in 1942.

1952 Giro d'Italia
The 1952 Giro d'Italia was the 35th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro started off in Milan on 17 May with a 217 km (134.8 mi) flat stage and concluded back in Milan with a 147 km (91.3 mi) relatively flat mass-start stage on 8 June. Sixteen teams entered the race, which was won by Italian Fausto Coppi of the Bianchi team. Second and third respectively were Italian Fiorenzo Magni and Swiss rider Ferdinand Kübler.
Acalanes Union High School District
Acalanes Union High School District is a public high school district in Contra Costa County, located in the Bay Area of California. The district takes its name from Rancho Acalanes, an 1834 Mexican rancho grant which occupied much of the area from Orinda to Lafayette. The district operates four high schools.

Lafayette, California
Lafayette (formerly La Fayette) is a city in Contra Costa County, California, United States.  As of 2020, the city's population was 25,391. It was named after the Marquis de Lafayette, a French military officer of the American Revolutionary War.
Turpan Khanate
The Turpan Khanate (Chinese: 吐魯番汗國), also known as the Eastern Moghulistan, Kingdom of Uyghurstan or Turfan Khanate, was a Sunni Muslim Turco-Mongol khanate ruled by the descendants of Chagatai Khan. It was founded by Ahmad Alaq in 1487 based in Turpan as the eastern division of Moghulistan, itself an eastern offshoot of the Chagatai Khanate.

Most territories of the Turpan Khanate were conquered by the Yarkent Khanate, the western offshoot of Moghulistan, in 1570.

Yarkent Khanate
The Yarkent Khanate, also known as the Yarkand Khanate and the Kashghar Khanate, was a Sunni Muslim Turkic state ruled by the Turkified Mongol descendants of Chagatai Khan who had intermixed with the local Uyghur Turkic population. It was founded by Sultan Said Khan in 1514 as a western offshoot of Moghulistan, itself an eastern offshoot of the Chagatai Khanate. It was eventually conquered by the Dzungar Khanate in 1705.
OTI Festival 1997
The OTI Festival 1997 (Spanish: Vigésimo Sexto Gran Premio de la Canción Iberoamericana, Portuguese: Vigésimo Sexto Grande Prêmio da Canção Ibero-Americana) was the 26th edition of the OTI Festival. It consisted of a semi-final on 24 October and a final on 25 October 1997, held at Plaza Mayor in Lima, Peru, and presented by Jorge Beleván and Claudia Doig. It was organised by the Organización de Televisión Iberoamericana (OTI) and host broadcaster Compañía Peruana de Radiodifusión (CPR).

Broadcasters from twenty-two countries participated in the festival. The winner was the song "Se diga lo que se diga" performed by Iridián representing Mexico; with "La hora cero" by Erick León representing Costa Rica placing second; and "Como humo de tabaco" by Dúo La Plata representing Spain placing third.

Mexico in the OTI Festival 1997
Mexico was represented at the OTI Festival 1997 with the song "Se diga lo que se diga", written by Francisco Curiel and José Manuel Fernández, and performed by Iridián. The Mexican participating broadcaster, Televisa, selected its entry through a national televised competition with several phases. The song placed first out of 22 competing entries, winning the festival. This was the sixth entry from Mexico that won the OTI Festival, after winning in 1973, in 1975, in 1985, in 1989, and in 1990.
James Manning (minister)
James Manning (October 22, 1738 – July 29, 1791) was an American Baptist minister, educator and legislator from Providence, Rhode Island.  He was the first president of Brown University and one of its most involved founders, and served as minister of the First Baptist Church in America.

First Baptist Church in America
The  First Baptist Church in America, also known as the First Baptist Church of Providence or the First Baptist Meetinghouse, is the oldest church in Rhode Island and the oldest Baptist church in the United States and the Americas. The church was established in 1638 by Roger Williams in Providence, Rhode Island. The present church building was erected between 1774 and 1775 and held its first meetings in May 1775. It is located at 75 North Main Street in Providence's College Hill neighborhood. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960. It is affiliated with the American Baptist Churches USA.
Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy
The Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy (French: Conseil suprême pour la Restauration de la Démocratie, or CSRD), led by Salou Djibo, was a military junta that staged a coup in Niger on 18 February 2010, deposing President Mamadou Tandja in response to Tandja's attempts to remain in office after his term was over. The CSRD stated that its objective is to make Niger an example of "democracy and good governance."

During the two days following the coup, thousands of people demonstrated in the streets to support the military government and its stated intention of installing democracy. The junta scheduled a referendum later that year to ask the public whether the junta should hand over power within the year, which passed successfully. As stipulated by the referendum, the junta scheduled free and fair elections for 2011, in which former opposition leader Mahamadou Issoufou was elected president, and returned control of the government.

2011 Nigerien general election
General elections were held in Niger on 31 January 2011 to elect the President and National Assembly, with a second round of the presidential elections on 12 March. The first round of the presidential elections was originally scheduled to be held on 3 January and the second round on 31 January, but was later postponed. The elections followed a military coup in February 2010 that ousted President Mamadou Tandja.

The presidential elections resulted in a victory for Mahamadou Issoufou of the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS), who defeated Seyni Oumarou of the National Movement for the Society of Development (MNDS). In the National Assembly elections, the PNDS emerged as the largest party.
Dongs of Sevotion
Dongs of Sevotion is the eighth studio album by Smog. It was released on April 3, 2000, in Europe by Domino Recording Company and a day later in North America by Drag City. It peaked at number 28 on the UK Independent Albums Chart.

Bill Callahan (musician)
William Rahr Callahan (born June 3, 1966) is an American singer-songwriter, who has also recorded and performed under the band name Smog. Callahan began working in the lo-fi genre, with home-made tape-albums recorded on four-track tape recorders. Later he began releasing albums with the label Drag City, to which he remains signed today.