hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frei (island)
Frei is an island in Kristiansund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 63.1-square-kilometre (24.4 sq mi) island lies south of the town of Kristiansund in the Nordmøre region of the county.  The main villages on the island include Rensvik in the north, Kvalvåg in the east, and Nedre Frei in the south.

Nedre Frei
Nedre Frei is a village in Kristiansund Municipality in Møre og Romsdal County, Norway. The village is located along the Freifjorden on the southern part of the island of Frei. The village sits about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) south of the village of Rensvik, about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of the village of Kvalvåg, and about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) southeast of the village of Storbakken. Nedre Frei is the site of Frei Church, the main church for the island.

The northern end of the Freifjord Tunnel is located just west of the village, connecting the island to the nearby island of Bergsøya and then on to the mainland via a bridge.

The Viking-era Battle of Rastarkalv, between Haakon I of Norway and the sons of Eric I of Norway, took place near the village of Nedre Frei in 955 AD.
Toiling Midgets
Toiling Midgets are a rock band from San Francisco, California formed in 1979 by members of punk bands Sleepers and Negative Trend, there is an English rock band Sleeper. They have been active on-and-off since 1979, with their early 1990s lineup getting most attention due to the involvement of Mark Eitzel of indie rock band American Music Club. They reunited in 2007.

American Music Club
American Music Club was an American, San Francisco-based indie rock band, led by singer-songwriter Mark Eitzel. Formed in 1982, the band released seven albums before splitting up in 1995. They reformed in 2003 and released two further albums.
Philip Miller
Philip Miller FRS (1691 – 18 December 1771) was an English botanist and gardener of Scottish descent.  Miller was chief gardener at the Chelsea Physic Garden for nearly 50 years from 1722, and wrote the highly popular The Gardeners Dictionary.

The Gardeners Dictionary
The Gardeners Dictionary is a widely cited reference series written by Philip Miller (1691–1771), which tended to focus on plants cultivated in England. Eight editions of the series were published in his lifetime. After his death, it was further developed by George Don as A general system of gardening and botany. Founded upon Miller's Gardener's dictionary, and arranged according to the natural system (1831–1838).
Shuggie Otis
Johnny Shuggie Otis (born Johnny Alexander Veliotes Jr.; November 30, 1953) is an American singer-songwriter, recording artist, and multi-instrumentalist.

Otis's composition "Strawberry Letter 23" as recorded by The Brothers Johnson topped the Billboard R&B chart and reached No. 5 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1977. He achieved commercial success with his 1974 single "Inspiration Information" (from the album of the same title), reaching No. 56 on the R&B chart.

The Brothers Johnson
The Brothers Johnson was an American funk and R&B band consisting of the American brothers George ("Lightnin' Licks") and Louis E. Johnson ("Thunder Thumbs"). They achieved their greatest success from the mid-1970s to early 1980s, with three singles topping the R&B charts ("I'll Be Good to You", "Strawberry Letter 23", and "Stomp!").
Robert Dundas of Arniston
Robert Dundas of Arniston (6 June 1758 – 17 June 1819) was a Scottish judge.

Dundas served as Solicitor General for Scotland between 1784 and 1789 and as Lord Advocate from 1789 to 1801. He sat as Member of Parliament for Edinburghshire from 1790 to 1801, and was Chief Baron of the Exchequer in Scotland from 1801 until his death in 1819.

Robert Dundas of Arniston, the younger
Robert Dundas of Arniston, the younger, FRSE (18 July 1713 – 13 December 1787) was a Scottish judge. He served as Solicitor General for Scotland from 1742 to 1746, as Lord Advocate from 1754 to 1760, and as Member of Parliament for Midlothian from 1754 to 1761. He was Lord President of the Court of Session from 1760 to 1787, losing his popularity for giving his casting vote against Archibald Douglas in the famous Douglas Cause.
Artamon Matveyev
Artamon Sergeyevich Matveyev (Russian: Артамо́н Серге́евич Матве́ев; 23 April [O.S. 13 April] 1625 – 25 May [O.S. 15 May] 1682) was a Russian statesman, diplomat and reformer. He served as the head (dyak) of the foreign ministry (Posolsky prikaz) from 1671 to 1676 during the reign of Alexis of Russia, succeeding Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin.

Alexis of Russia
Alexei Mikhailovich (Russian: Алексей Михайлович, IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsʲej mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪtɕ]; 19 March [O.S. 9 March] 1629 – 8 February [O.S. 29 January] 1676), also known as Alexis, was Tsar of all Russia from 1645 until his death in 1676. He was the second Russian tsar from the House of Romanov.

He was the first tsar to sign laws on his own authority and his council passed the Sobornoye Ulozheniye of 1649, which strengthened the bonds between autocracy and the lower nobility. In religious matters, he sided closely with Patriarch Nikon during the schism in the Russian Orthodox Church which saw unpopular liturgical reforms.

While finding success in foreign affairs, his reign saw several wars with Iran, Poland (from whom left-bank Ukraine and Smolensk were annexed) and Sweden, as well as internal instabilities such as the Salt Riot in Moscow and the Cossack revolt of Stenka Razin in southern Russia. At the time of his death, Russia spanned almost 8.1 million km2 (3.1 million sq mi).
Sokol space suit
The Sokol space suit (Russian: Cокол, lit. 'Falcon') is a series of soft-body pressure suits designed and built by NPP Zvezda. It was first introduced in 1973 for the Soviet space program following the Soyuz 11 disaster, and continues to see use in the modern day primarily by the Russian space program, being worn by space travelers flying aboard the Soyuz spacecraft. A version of Sokol is also used by the China Manned Space Program.

Sokol is described by its makers as a rescue suit and it is not capable of being used outside the spacecraft in a spacewalk or extravehicular activity. Instead, its purpose is to keep the wearer alive in the event of an accidental depressurization of the spacecraft.

Soyuz 11
Soyuz 11 (Russian: Союз 11, lit. 'Union 11') was the only crewed mission to board the world's first space station, Salyut 1. The crew, Georgy Dobrovolsky, Vladislav Volkov, and Viktor Patsayev, arrived at the space station on 7 June 1971, and departed on 29 June 1971. The mission ended in disaster when the crew capsule depressurised during preparations for re-entry, killing the three-person crew. The three crew members of Soyuz 11 are the only humans to have died in space.
1920 Golders Green Handley Page O/400 crash
The 1920 Handley Page O/400 crash occurred on 14 December 1920 when a Handley Page Transport Handley Page O/400 on a scheduled passenger flight from London to Paris with two crew and six passengers crashed at Golders Green in North London after take-off from Cricklewood Aerodrome. The crew of two and two passengers were killed in the first fatal accident for the airline since the service had started in December 1919. It was reported as the first recorded airliner crash in history, but a larger airliner had crashed the previous year.

Handley Page Transport
Handley Page Transport Ltd was an airline company founded in 1919, soon after the end of the First World War, by Frederick Handley Page.

The company's first planes were Handley Page Type O/400 bombers modified for passenger use. They flew a London-Paris route. Per a request from the Air Ministry, the Handley Page Type W8 was later used for flights to both Paris and Brussels.

On 31 March 1924 the assets and operations of Handley were merged with three other British airlines to found Imperial Airways. That company remained dormant until reconstituted to take over operations for Miles Aircraft in 1947 as Handley Page (Reading) Ltd.

The world's first in-flight meal was offered by Handley Page Transport.
Carnival Air Lines
Carnival Air Lines Incorporated was a charter and scheduled airline division of the Carnival Corporation & plc that started in 1988 after Carnival Cruise Lines purchased Pacific Interstate Airlines. It was headquartered in Dania Beach, Florida.

Pan Am (1996–1998)
Pan American Airways, also known as Pan Am II, was an airline created in 1996 by an investment group that included former US ambassador Charles Cobb. The group purchased the rights to the venerable Pan Am brand after the original carrier declared bankruptcy in 1991. The airline was headquartered in the then-unincorporated city of Doral, near Miami, Florida. It ceased operations in 1998 and was quickly replaced by Pan Am III.
Essex Senior Football League
The Essex Senior Football League is an English men's football league. It contains clubs from the Essex FA, Hertfordshire FA, London FA, Middlesex FA and the Amateur Football Alliance. It is a feeder league to Division One North of the Isthmian League and has a single division which sits at Step 5 (or Level 9) of the National League System.

Isthmian League
The Isthmian League (/ˈɪs(θ)miən/) is a regional football league covering Greater London, East and South East England, featuring mostly semi-professional clubs. Together with the Southern Football League and the Northern Premier League it forms levels seven and eight of the English football league system.

Founded in 1905 by amateur clubs in the London area, the league now consists of 88 teams in four divisions: the Premier Division above its three feeder divisions, the North, South Central and South East divisions.
Together with the Southern League and the Northern Premier League, it forms the seventh and eighth levels of the English football league system. It has various regional feeder leagues and the league as a whole is a feeder league mainly to the National League South.
Maglič
Maglič (Serbian Cyrillic: Маглич, pronounced [mâɡlitʃ]) is a 13th-century castle about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Kraljevo, Serbia. The castle is located atop a hill around which the Ibar river makes a curve, about 100 metres (330 ft) above the river. The fortress protected the only road that connected the Great Morava Valley and Kosovo polje. Its name means 'the foggy one' from Serbian  магла (magla) 'fog'.

Maglič was included in the list of Cultural Monuments of Exceptional Importance in 1979.

Kraljevo
Kraljevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Краљево, pronounced [krǎːʎɛʋɔ] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of the Raška District in central Serbia. It is situated on the confluence of West Morava and Ibar, in the geographical region of Šumadija, between the mountains of Kotlenik in the north, and Stolovi in the south.

In 2022, the city urban area has a population of 57,432 inhabitants, while the city administrative area has 110,196 inhabitants. With an area of 1530 km2, it is the largest municipality (after Belgrade) in Serbia by area.
Hendersonville, North Carolina
Hendersonville is a city in and the county seat of Henderson County, North Carolina, United States, located 22 miles (35 km) south of Asheville. Like the county, the city is named for 19th-century North Carolina Supreme Court Chief Justice Leonard Henderson.

As of the 2020 census, Hendersonville had a population of 15,137.

Henderson County, North Carolina
Henderson County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,281. Its county seat is Hendersonville. Henderson County is part of the Asheville, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Trúc Lâm
Trúc Lâm Zen sect (Chinese: 竹林禪派), also known as Trúc Lâm Yên Tử (Chinese: 竹林安子, "Bamboo Grove of Yên Tử"), is a uniquely Vietnamese Thiền (Zen) Buddhist school founded in 1299 during the Trần dynasty by Emperor Trần Nhân Tông (1258–1308). It marked a synthesis of indigenous Vietnamese, Confucian, Taoist, and Mahayana Buddhist traditions.

Thiền
Thiền Buddhism (Vietnamese: Thiền tông, 禪宗, IPA: [tʰîən təwŋm]) is the name for the Vietnamese school of Zen Buddhism. Thiền is the Sino-Vietnamese pronunciation of the Middle Chinese word 禪 (chán), an abbreviation of 禪那 (chánnà; thiền na), which is a transliteration of the Sanskrit word dhyāna ("meditation").
Manabu Orido
Manabu "MAX" Orido (Shinjitai: 織戸 学, Orido Manabu; born Funabashi, Chiba, 3 December 1968; alternative nickname Monkichi) is a Japanese professional racing driver.

He currently competes in the Super GT series for apr driving a Toyota GR86 GT300, in the Super Taikyu series driving an Aston Martin Vantage GT8R, and in the GT World Challenge Asia series driving a BMW M4 GT4.

Orido is a two-time JGTC / Super GT GT300 class champion, two-time Super Taikyu ST-1 class champion, and GT World Challenge Asia GT4 class champion.

Toyota 86
The Toyota 86 and the Subaru BRZ are 2+2 sports cars jointly developed by Toyota and Subaru, manufactured at Subaru's Gunma assembly plant.

The 2+2 fastback coupé has a naturally aspirated boxer engine, front-engined, rear-wheel-drive configuration, 53/47 front/rear weight balance and low centre of gravity; it was inspired by Toyota's earlier AE86, a small, light, front-engine/rear-drive Corolla variant widely popular for Showroom Stock, Group A, Group N, Rally, Club and drift racing.

For the first-generation model, Toyota marketed the sports car as the 86 in Asia, Australia, North America (from August 2016), South Africa, and South America; as the Toyota GT86 in Europe; as the 86 and GT86 in New Zealand; as the Toyota FT86 in Brunei, Nicaragua and Jamaica and as the Scion FR-S (2012–2016) in the United States and Canada.

The second-generation model is marketed by Toyota as the GR86 as part of the Gazoo Racing family.
Ismo Alanko Säätiö
Ismo Alanko Säätiö (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈismo ˈɑlɑŋko ˈsæːtiø]) was a Finnish rock group led by Ismo Alanko. The band featured an ever-changing lineup of musicians and can be considered an extension of Alanko's solo career. The band's name is Finnish for "Ismo Alanko Foundation".

Early Säätiö's sound was influenced by folk music and featured Kimmo Pohjonen's accordion in a prominent role. The band played songs from Alanko's earlier career with Hassisen Kone, Sielun Veljet and from his solo career, as well as original songs which were almost exclusively written by Alanko. Their music also had some progressive rock and classical influences. In later years they concentrated on more straightforward rock songs.

Hassisen Kone
Hassisen Kone was a Finnish rock band, founded in 1979 in Joensuu. The young musicians rose to popularity in 1980 after winning the Finnish rock championship in the new wave category. They recorded three highly successful albums before disbanding in 1982. The singer-songwriter Ismo Alanko has led several bands since then and continues to be an influential name in Finnish rock music.
Sambalpur
Sambalpur (Odia: [sɔmbɔlɔpuɾɔ] ⓘ) is the fifth-largest city in the Indian State of Odisha. It is located on the banks of river Mahanadi, with a population of 335,761 (as per 2011 census). Prehistoric settlements have been recorded there. It is the home of the Sambalpuri sari.

Mahanadi
The Mahanadi River is a major river in East Central India. It drains an area of around 132,100 square kilometres (51,000 sq mi) and has a total length of 900 kilometres (560 mi). Mahanadi is also known for the Hirakud Dam which was the first major multipurpose river valley project after India's independence in 1947. The river flows through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha, before finally ending in the Bay of Bengal.
Philadelphia Society for the Preservation of Landmarks
The Philadelphia Society for the Preservation of Landmarks (aka Landmarks) founded in 1931, maintains and preserves four historic house museums in the region around Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. These are:

Grumblethorpe

Hill-Physick-Keith House

Powel House

Waynesborough

These are open for the education and enjoyment of the public and its members.

Hill–Physick–Keith House
The Hill–Physick–Keith House, also known as the Hill–Keith–Physick House, the Hill–Physick House, or simply the Physick House, is a historic house museum located at 321 S. 4th Street in the Society Hill neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Built 1786, it was the home of Philip Syng Physick (1768–1837), who has been called "the father of American surgery". The house was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1976. It is now owned and operated by the Philadelphia Society for the Preservation of Landmarks as a house museum.
2019 General Motors strike
The 2019 General Motors strike began September 15, 2019, with the walkout of 48,000 United Automobile Workers from some 50 plants in the United States. Demands by workers included increased job security, gateway for temporary workers to become permanent, better pay and retaining healthcare benefits.

The strike lasted six weeks, and ended when GM conceded to union demands on wage growth and health care costs because the new contract allows GM to close three factories: the Lordstown Assembly plant, the Baltimore Transmission plant, and the Warren Transmission plant. The new contract includes agreements that "in-progression" workers now get a faster path to top pay: four years from $17 per hour to $28 per hour rather than eight, $75,000–85,000 assistance packages for workers at the three closing plants, and 4% lump sum wage payments in the first and third years with 3% base wage increases in alternating years.

Lordstown Assembly
The Lordstown Complex is a factory building and automotive manufacturing plant in Lordstown, Ohio, U.S. Lordstown is an industrial suburb of Youngstown, Ohio.

It was a General Motors automobile factory from 1966 to 2019, comprising three facilities: Vehicle Assembly, Metal Center, and Paint Shop. Lordstown was opened to build compact cars for Chevrolet, the Vega/Monza, Cavalier, Cobalt, Cruze, and their rebadged variants, mostly for Pontiac. The plant also built the Chevrolet van and its GMC variant (Handi-Bus/Handi-Van, Rally Van and Vandura) until 1995.

In November 2019, the plant was sold to Lordstown Motors which produced to manufacture the Lordstown Endurance electric pickup truck there from 2022 to 2023.

In 2022, Foxconn purchased the plant. They planned to manufacture the Fisker Pear there, however, these were scrapped following the bankruptcy of Fisker in 2024.
Clara Nordström
Clara Nordström, became Clara Elisabet von Vegesack, (January 18, 1886, in Karlskrona, Sweden – February 7, 1962, in Mindelheim, West Germany) was a German writer and translator of Swedish descent. With the themes of her writing and her Swedish maiden name, she profited from the German interest for Scandinavian writers. She owned part of Weißenstein Castle in Lower Bavaria

Weißenstein Castle (Lower Bavaria)
Weißenstein Castle (German: Burgruine Weißenstein) is a ruined rock castle at a height of 758 metres on a quartz ridge, the Pfahl ("Burgberg") in the municipality of Weißenstein in the borough of Regen in the county of Regen in Bavaria.
Min Sekkya
Min Sekkya (Burmese: မင်းစကြာ, [mɪ́ɴ sɛʔtɕà], Rakhine pronunciation: [máɴ sɔʔkɹà]; 1536–1572) was king of Arakan from 1564 to 1572. He succeeded his elder half-brother King Min Saw Hla, who had chosen him to be the heir apparent. The northern vassal of Tripura, which had submitted to Min Saw Hla, revolted and for a time, he lost control of Chittagong. He took back the city, but he was unsuccessful in regaining control of Tripura. He married his sister Dhamma Dewi but after she died, he married Saw Thanda, who had been the wife of both own brother Min Saw Hla and his own father Min Dikkha. He died of natural causes in 1572, and was succeeded by his paternal uncle Min Phalaung.

Min Saw Hla
Min Saw Hla (Burmese: မင်းစောလှ, [mɪ́ɴ sɔ́ l̥a̰]; 1532–1564) was king of Arakan a former state in Myanmar (Burma), from 1556 to 1564. At accession, he made his first wife Saw Bon-Htut the chief queen but also married his father's chief queen Saw Thanda. He ordered a massive building program which built and repaired dams and irrigation canals as well as improved the defenses of Mrauk-U and other key towns around the kingdom. In 1561, he commissioned the building of Htukkanthein Temple.

He tightened control of Chittagong and the kingdom's northern perimeter. In the early 1560s, he sent the army to Tripura, whose ruler, according to Arakanese chronicles, submitted to Mrauk-U. He died in 1564 after a long illness. He had chosen his half-brother Min Sekkya to succeed him, and married Sekkya to his own full sister Dhamma Dewi.
Disability in Ghana
The Ghana Statistical Service reports from their 2021 census indicate that approximately eight percent (2,098,138 individuals) of the Ghanaian population experience some form of disability, with a higher prevalence among females (8.8%) than males (6.7%). Disabilities are more common in rural areas (9.5%) compared to urban areas (6.5%). Among the six domains of disability, difficulty in seeing is the most widespread, affecting four percent of the population, while difficulty in communicating is the least common, affecting one percent. Disability issues in Ghana have evolved from a human rights concern to a developmental issue due to Ghana's high poverty rate.

Spirit children
Spirit child is a Ghanaian term for a disabled child who is believed to possess magical powers that cause misfortune. Disability in Ghana is greatly stigmatized and very often the only way considered socially acceptable to treat disabled children is to kill or exorcize them with the assistance of a witchdoctor. Spirit children are referred to as chichuru or kinkiriko in the former Kassena-Nankana district of Northern Ghana. These children primarily come from poor, rural areas. However, if a spirit child is found to be "good" there are no punishments for the child or their family.

Similar concepts and rituals include the "witch babies" of Benin, the "snake children" of Mali and the Ivory Coast, and the "mingi children" of Tanzania".
Chris Squire
Christopher Russell Edward Squire (4 March 1948 – 27 June 2015) was an English musician, singer and songwriter best known as the bassist and backing vocalist of the progressive rock band Yes. He was the longest-serving original member, having remained in the band until his death. In 2017, he was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Yes.

Squire was widely regarded as the dominant bassist among the English progressive rock bands, influencing peers and later generations of bassists with his incisive sound and elaborately contoured, melodic bass lines. His name was associated with his trademark instrument, the Rickenbacker 4001 (British model RM1999). From 1991 to 2000, Rickenbacker produced a limited-edition signature model bass in his name, the 4001CS.

Rickenbacker 4001
The Rickenbacker 4001 is an electric bass that was manufactured by Rickenbacker as a two-pickup "deluxe" version of their first production bass, the single-pickup model 4000. This design, created by  Roger Rossmeisl, was manufactured between 1961 and 1981, when it was replaced by an updated version dubbed the Rickenbacker 4003. Variant models of the 4001 include the 4001S, 4001LH, 1999 (European model), 4001V63 (reissue), 4001CS (a limited edition series based on Chris Squire's 1965 British model RM1999) and the 4001C64 and 4001C64S: the C Series is a recreation of Paul McCartney's left-handed 4001S with a reversed headstock. There are also Al Cisneros (4003 AC) and Lemmy Kilmister (4004 LK) signature versions of the instrument.