hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St Cuthbert's Church, Halsall
St Cuthbert's Church is an Anglican church in Halsall, a village in Lancashire, England. It is an active parish church in the Diocese of Liverpool and the archdeaconry of Warrington. The oldest parts of the church date from the 14th century and there have been several alterations and additions. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.

Anglican Diocese of Liverpool
The diocese of Liverpool is a diocese of the Church of England in North West England. The diocese covers Merseyside north of the River Mersey, south-west Lancashire, western Greater Manchester, and part of northern Cheshire. Liverpool Cathedral is the seat of the bishop of Liverpool, currently John Perumbalath, and the diocesan offices are also located in Liverpool. The bishop is assisted by one suffragan bishop, the bishop of Warrington.

What is now the diocese of Liverpool was historically part of the diocese of Coventry and Lichfield, and became part of the newly created diocese of Chester in 1541. The diocese of Liverpool was established on 9 April 1880.
Victoria Island, Lagos
Victoria Island (VI) is an affluent area that encompasses a former island of the same name neighbouring Lagos Island, Ikoyi and the Lekki Peninsula by the Lagos Lagoon. It is the main business and financial centre of Lagos State, Nigeria.

The island is one of the most exclusive and expensive areas to reside in Lagos. The town and island lie within the boundaries of the Eti-Osa Local Government Area (LGA). It is named after Queen Victoria.

Lagos Lagoon
Lagos Lagoon (Yoruba: Ọ̀sà) is a lagoon found in the city of Lagos, southwest Nigeria, the most populous city in Africa. The name Lagos means 'lakes' in Portuguese, therefore Lagos Lagoon is an example of a tautological place name. The lagoon lies between the Atlantic Ocean and Lagos State. It is one of the ten lagoons in Lagos State and the largest in the Gulf of Guinea which spans over 6,000 square kilometers (2,300 sq mi).

The lagoon is a habitat for different aquatic organisms, such as various species of fish that are sources of income and food for communities surrounding it.
Comparison of operating systems
These tables provide a comparison of operating systems, of computer devices, as listing general and technical information for a number of widely used and currently available PC or handheld (including smartphone and tablet computer) operating systems. The article "Usage share of operating systems" provides a broader, and more general, comparison of operating systems that includes servers, mainframes and supercomputers.

Because of the large number and variety of available Linux distributions, they are all grouped under a single entry; see comparison of Linux distributions for a detailed comparison. There is also a variety of BSD and DOS operating systems, covered in comparison of BSD operating systems and comparison of DOS operating systems.

Comparison of DOS operating systems
This article details versions of MS-DOS, IBM PC DOS, and at least partially compatible disk operating systems. It does not include the many other operating systems called "DOS" which are unrelated to IBM PC compatibles.
Clayster
James Clayton Eubanks, better known as Clayster or Clay, is an American professional Call of Duty coach and former player who is the head coach for the Riyadh Falcons of the Call of Duty League (CDL).  Eubanks is a three-time Call of Duty World Champion.

Riyadh Falcons
The Riyadh Falcons are a Saudi Arabian professional Call of Duty League (CDL) esports team based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Originally founded as the Paris Legion by C0ntact Gaming, Paris was announced as one of the first five cities to host a CDL team. According to ESPN, the publisher was looking to sell slots for approximately $25 million per team. Despite being one of the first five cities to join the CDL, the team was the final one to unveil their branding on November 2, 2019. The organisation moved to Las Vegas ahead of the 2022 season, becoming the Vegas Legion. Before the 2025 season, the team was sold to Saudi esports organization Team Falcons and rebranded as the Vegas Falcons, then relocated again to Riyadh before the 2026 season becoming the Riyadh Falcons.
Ice MC
Ian Colin Campbell (born 22 March 1965), better known as Ice MC, is a British rapper who started his professional music career in Italy, when he got a record deal signing to record producer and singer Savage and released his debut single "Easy" in 1989. He's best known for the Eurodance 1990s hit singles "Take Away the Colour", "Think About the Way" and "It's a Rainy Day". Ice MC singles are most notable for being the first Eurodance songs to blend raggamuffin rapping style with female singing choruses. Zanetti's music team produced Ice MC hits while also producing songs for other major Italian artists of the same decade, like Double You, Alexia, and Corona.

Savage (musician)
Roberto Zanetti (born 28 November 1956) is an Italian singer, music producer and businessman from Massa, Tuscany. As a singer, he is known under the stage name Savage and as a music producer he uses the alias Robyx.
Sandy Stimpson
William S. "Sandy" Stimpson (born April 4, 1952) is an American businessman and politician who served as the 108th mayor of Mobile, Alabama from 2013 to 2025.

He was elected August 27, 2013, defeating incumbent Mayor Sam Jones. In 2017, Stimpson was reelected over Jones in a rematch. In 2021, he defeated Fred Richardson and Karlos Finley with 62.5% of the vote. In 2025, he decided to not run for reelection.

Sam Jones (Alabama politician)
Samuel Leon Jones (born April 14, 1947) is an American politician who currently represents District 99 in the Alabama House of Representatives. Jones was the first African-American mayor of Mobile, Alabama, serving from September 2005 until August 2013. He ran on a platform of safety, efficient government, historic preservation and bringing new employers to the city. He is a member of the Democratic Party.
Syed Ghulam Moinuddin Gilani
Syed Ghulam Moinuddin Gilani, commonly known as Baray Lala jee (22 May 1920 at Golra Sharif, of district Rawalpindi – 12 March 1997), was a Pakistani Islamic scholar and the Sajjada Nashin (successor) of Shrine Golra Sharif in Islamabad.

He was the grandson of Pir Meher Ali Shah, the son of Syed Ghulam Mohiyyuddin Gilani and father of  Naseer-uddin-Naseer, all famed scholars. He is also the elder brother of Syed Shah Abdul Haq Gilani. He died on 12 March 1997.

Shrine of Meher Ali Shah
The Shrine of Meher Ali Shah is a 20th-century Sufi shrine that serves as the tomb of Pir Meher Ali Shah, an early 20th-century Sufi scholar of the Chishti order, who was also a leader of the anti-Ahmadiyya movement. The shrine is located within the Islamabad Capital Territory, in the village of Golra Sharif.

Today, Golra Sharif is widely known for one of its custodians (Sajjada nashin) Pir Syed Naseer Uddin Naseer Gilani. The shrine's longest-serving Sajjada nashin was Pir Syed Shah Abdul Haq Gilani, the younger son of Babuji, who took care of the shrine for approximately 46 years (from 1974 until his death in July 2020). Presently, the shrine is managed by the heirs of both, Syed Ghulam Moinuddin Gilani and Syed Shah Abdul Haq Gilani.
Bunawan
Bunawan, officially the Municipality of Bunawan (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Bunawan; Tagalog: Bayan ng Bunawan),  is a  municipality in the province of Agusan del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 47,512 people.

Bunawan was created on June 21, 1959, through Republic Act No. 2517. The world's largest crocodile, Lolong, was captured in the town in September 2011.

Lolong
Lolong (died 10 February 2013) was the largest crocodile ever held in captivity. He was a saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) measured at 6.17 m (20 ft 3 in), making him one of the largest crocodiles ever measured from snout to tail, and weighing 1,075 kg (2,370 lb).

In November 2011, British crocodile expert Adam Britton of National Geographic sedated and measured Lolong in his enclosure and confirmed him as the world's largest crocodile ever caught and placed in captivity.

Lolong died on 10 February 2013, from pneumonia and cardiac arrest, after a little over one year and five months in captivity.
William H. Winder
Brigadier General William Henry Winder (February 18, 1775 – May 24, 1824) was a United States Army officer and lawyer who served in the War of 1812. On August 24, 1814, he led American troops during the disastrous US defeat at the Battle of Bladensburg, which led to the Burning of Washington by British forces. Winder was court-martialed for his role in the battle, but acquitted of any wrongdoing. He later became a leading attorney in Baltimore.

Battle of Bladensburg
The Battle of Bladensburg, also known as the Bladensburg Races, took place on August 24, 1814, during the Chesapeake campaign of the War of 1812 at Bladensburg, Maryland. It has been described as "the greatest disgrace ever dealt to American arms". A British force of army regulars and Royal Marines routed a combined U.S. force of Regular Army and state militia troops. The American defeat resulted in the British capture and burning of the national capital of Washington, the only time that the city has fallen to a foreign invader.
Union Square (Hong Kong)
The Union Square is a mixed-use commercial and residential real estate project in Hong Kong, located on the West Kowloon reclamation in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon. The area covers 13.54 hectares (33.5 acres), while the site has a gross floor area of 1,090,026 square metres (11,732,940 sq ft), approximately the size of the Canary Wharf development in London. The complex contained some of the tallest buildings in Hong Kong, which includes the tallest commercial building in Hong Kong, the 118-storey International Commerce Centre and the loftiest residential tower in Hong Kong, The Cullinan, which rises 270 metres (890 ft) high.

The Cullinan
The Cullinan is a luxury private housing estate located in the Union Square, West Kowloon, Hong Kong.

The building has glass curtain walls and views of Victoria Harbour. The glass facade matches the design language of the neighbouring International Commerce Centre.

This complex was named after the 3,106 carat (621.2 g) Cullinan Diamond found in 1905; the largest gem-quality rough diamond ever found, whose constituent cut diamonds are found in the British Crown Jewels and Elizabeth II's jewels.

During development under Sun Hung Kai Properties, the complex went by Kowloon Station Development Package 6 and Union Square Phase 6. Both towers of The Cullinan complex, called The Cullinan North Tower and The Cullinan South Tower, are Hong Kong's tallest residential towers at 68 storeys and 270 metres (886 feet). They were completed in 2008 and 2009 respectively.
Pat Anderson (human rights advocate)
Patricia Audrey Anderson AO is an Australian human rights advocate and health administrator. An Alyawarre woman from the Northern Territory, she is well known internationally as a social justice advocate, advocating for improved health, educational, and protection outcomes for Indigenous Australian children.

Lowitja O'Donoghue
Lowitja O'Donoghue AC CBE DSG (August 1932 – 4 February 2024), also known as Lois O'Donoghue and Lois Smart, was an Australian public administrator and Indigenous rights advocate. She was the inaugural chairperson of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) from 1990 to 1996. She is known for her work in improving the health and welfare of Indigenous Australians, and also for the part she played in the drafting of the Native Title Act 1993, which established native title in Australia.

O'Donoghue was the inaugural patron and namesake of the Lowitja Institute, a research institute for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and wellbeing established in 2010, which in 2022 established the Lowitja O'Donoghue Foundation.

The Lowitja O'Donoghue Oration is held annually by the Don Dunstan Foundation, in her honour.
Coraciiformes
The Coraciiformes /kɒrəˈsaɪ.ɪfɔːrmiːz/ are a group of usually colourful birds including the kingfishers, the bee-eaters, the rollers, the motmots, and the todies. They generally have syndactyly, with three forward-pointing toes (and toes 3 & 4 fused at their base), though in many kingfishers one of these is missing.

In the past, Coraciiformes encompassed all anisodactyl (including syndactyl) members of the Cavitaves. This means that the birds currently classified in Leptosomiformes (cuckoo-roller) and Bucerotiformes (hornbills, hoopoes and allies) were formerly classified in Coraciiformes.

This is largely an Old World order, with the representation in the New World limited to the dozen or so species of todies and motmots, and a mere handful of the more than a hundred species of kingfishers.

The name Coraciiformes means "raven-like". Specifically, it comes from the Latin language "corax", meaning "raven" and Latin "forma", meaning "form".

Tody
The todies are a family, Todidae, of tiny Caribbean birds in the order Coraciiformes, which also includes the kingfishers, bee-eaters and rollers. The family has one living genus, Todus, and one genus known from the fossil record, Palaeotodus.
New York State Route 3A
New York State Route 3A (NY 3A) is a county-maintained state highway in Jefferson County, New York, in the United States. The route is an alternate route of NY 3 between the village of Deferiet and Fargo, a hamlet within the town of Wilna. While NY 3 veers south to serve the village of Carthage, NY 3A follows a direct east–west alignment between the two communities. The eastern half of the route passes through the Fort Drum limits. All of NY 3A is co-designated as County Route 36 (CR 36) and is co-signed as such.

The origins of the route date back to the 1930s when it was first designated as part of NY 3. The alignments of NY 3 and New York State Route 3G between Deferiet and Fargo were flipped c. 1938, placing NY 3 on its modern alignment via Carthage and NY 3G on modern NY 3A. The NY 3G designation was eliminated in the 1940s. Its former alignment went unnumbered until September 1950, when it was redesignated as NY 3A.

Jefferson County, New York
Jefferson County is a county on the northern border of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,721. Its county seat is Watertown. The county is named after Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States of America. It is adjacent to Lake Ontario, southeast from the Canada–US border of Ontario. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.

Jefferson County comprises the Watertown-Fort Drum, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area.  The popularity of the area as a summer tourist destination results in a dramatic increase of population during that season.

In 2014, it elected Colleen M. O'Neill as the first woman county sheriff in the state. She had served with the New York State Police for 32 years.

The United States Army's 10th Mountain Division is based at Fort Drum. The base had a total population of nearly 13,000 according to the 2010 census.
Peter N. Devreotes
Peter N. Devreotes is an American scientist and the Isaac Morris & Lucille Elizabeth Hay Professor and former director of the department of cell biology, with joint appointments in the Center for Cell Dynamics and department of biological chemistry at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He also serves on the scientific advisory board of the Allen Institute for Cell Science. He is best known for his contribution in the field of eukaryotic chemotaxis, signal transduction, and phosphoinositides biology.

Betty Hay
Elizabeth Dexter "Betty" Hay (April 2, 1927 – August 20, 2007) was an American cell and developmental biologist. She was best known for her research in limb regeneration, the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in cell differentiation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMT). Hay led many research teams in discovering new findings in these related fields, which led her to obtain several high honors and awards for her work. Hay primarily worked with amphibians during her years of limb regeneration work and then moved onto avian epithelia for research on the ECM and EMT. Hay was thrilled by the introduction of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) during her lifetime, which aided her in many of her findings throughout her career. Moreover, Hay was a huge advocate of women in science during her lifetime.
Verb phrase
In linguistics, a verb phrase (VP) is a syntactic unit composed of a verb and its arguments except the subject of an independent clause or coordinate clause. Thus, in the sentence A fat man quickly put the money into the box, the words quickly put the money into the box constitute a verb phrase; it consists of the verb put and its arguments, but not the subject a fat man. A verb phrase is similar to what is considered a predicate in traditional grammars.

Verb phrases generally are divided among two types: finite, of which the head of the phrase is a finite verb; and nonfinite, where the head is a nonfinite verb, such as an infinitive, participle or gerund. Phrase structure grammars acknowledge both types, but dependency grammars treat the subject as just another verbal dependent, and they do not recognize the finite verbal phrase constituent. Understanding verb phrase analysis depends on knowing which theory applies in context.

Finite verb
A finite verb is a verb that contextually complements a subject, which can be either explicit (like in the English indicative) or implicit (like in null subject languages or the English imperative).   A finite transitive verb or a finite intransitive verb can function as the root of an independent clause. Finite verbs are distinguished from non-finite verbs such as infinitives, participles, gerunds etc.
Church Fenton railway station
Church Fenton railway station serves the village of Church Fenton, in North Yorkshire, England. It is situated where the Cross Country Route meets the Dearne Valley line, just under 10.75 miles (17 km) from York. The station and all services that stop there are operated by Northern Trains.

Dearne Valley line
The Dearne Valley line is the name given to a railway line in the north of England running from York to Sheffield via Pontefract Baghill and Moorthorpe. The route was built over several years and consists of lines built by several railway companies.
Femoral sheath
The femoral sheath (also called the crural sheath) is a funnel-shaped downward extension of abdominal fascia within which the femoral artery and femoral vein pass between the abdomen and the thigh. The femoral sheath is subdivided by two vertical partitions to form three compartments (medial, intermediate, and lateral); the medial compartment is known as the femoral canal and contains lymphatic vessels and a lymph node, whereas the intermediate canal and the lateral canal accommodate the femoral vein and the femoral artery (respectively). Some neurovascular structures perforate the femoral sheath. Topographically, the femoral sheath is contained within the femoral triangle.

Femoral triangle
The femoral triangle (or Scarpa's triangle) is an anatomical region of the upper third of the thigh. It is a subfascial space which appears as a triangular depression below the inguinal ligament when the thigh is flexed, abducted and laterally rotated.
Ted Hinton
Ted Cass Hinton (October 5, 1904 – October 27, 1977) was a Dallas County, Texas, deputy sheriff, the youngest of the posse that ambushed and killed Bonnie and Clyde near Gibsland, Louisiana, on May 23, 1934.

Gibsland, Louisiana
Gibsland is a town in Bienville Parish in northern Louisiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 773. The town is best known for its connecting railroads, as the birthplace of the defunct historically black Coleman College, and for being the place where notorious criminals Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow were ambushed and killed by Texas Rangers on May 23, 1934.

Gibsland native John McConathy was a champion basketball player at Northwestern State University in Natchitoches, Louisiana, who later was the superintendent for the Bossier Parish School Board, in which capacity he was the guiding force behind the establishment of the $57 million Bossier Parish Community College.
Lim Seul-ong
Lim Seul-ong (Korean: 임슬옹; born 11 May 1987), also known by the mononym Seulong, is a South Korean singer and actor. He debuted as a singer in 2008 as a member of the K-pop boyband 2AM. He made his acting debut in 2010 in the Korean drama Personal Taste and also had a role in the series Hogu’s Love (2015).

Hogu's Love
Hogu's Love (Korean: 호구의 사랑; RR: Hoguui sarang) is a 2015 South Korean television series based on the Daum webtoon of the same title by Yoo Hyun-sook. It starred Choi Woo-shik in the title role with Uee, Lim Seul-ong, and Lee Soo-kyung. It aired on tvN from February 9 to March 31, 2015 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 23:00 (KST) for 16 episodes.
Go-go dancing
Go-go dancers are dancers who are employed to entertain crowds at nightclubs or other venues where music is played. Go-go dancing originated in the early 1960s at the French bar Whisky a Gogo, located in the town of Juan-les-Pins. The French bar then licensed its name to the West Hollywood rock club Whisky a Go Go, which opened in January 1964 and chose the name to reflect the already popular craze of go-go dancing. Many 1960s-era nightclub dancers wore short, fringed skirts and high boots which eventually came to be called go-go boots. Nightclub promoters in the mid‑1960s then conceived the idea of hiring women dressed in these outfits to entertain patrons.

Go-go boot
Go-go boots are a low-heeled style of women's fashion boot first introduced in the mid-1960s. The original go-go boots, as defined by André Courrèges in 1964, were white, low-heeled, and mid-calf in height, a specific style which is sometimes called the Courrèges boot. Since then, the term go-go boot has come to include the knee-high, square-toed boots with block heels that were very popular in the 1960s and 1970s; as well as a number of variations including kitten heeled versions and colours other than white.
Freddy Cachazo
Freddy Alexander Cachazo is a Venezuelan-born theoretical physicist who holds the Gluskin Sheff Freeman Dyson Chair in Theoretical Physics at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

He is known for the contributions to quantum field theory through the study of scattering amplitudes, in particular in quantum chromodynamics, N = 4 supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory and quantum gravity. His contributions include BCFW recursion relations, the CSW vertex expansion and the amplituhedron. In 2014, Cachazo was awarded the New Horizons Prize for uncovering numerous structures underlying scattering amplitudes in gauge theories and gravity.

BCFW recursion
The Britto–Cachazo–Feng–Witten recursion relations are a set of on-shell recursion relations in quantum field theory. They are named for their creators, Ruth Britto, Freddy Cachazo, Bo Feng and Edward Witten.

The BCFW recursion method is a way of calculating scattering amplitudes.  This technique is widely used in analytic calculations due to the relative conciseness of the resulting expressions, when compared to the more traditional methods. The principal property of the BCFW recursion is that at every stage of the calculation it involves exclusively real (on-shell) particles, as opposed to the virtual (off-shell) particles that propagate inside conventional Feynman diagrams.