hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Diocese of Michigan
The Episcopal Diocese of Michigan is the Episcopal diocese comprising 70 congregations in the southeast part of Michigan. In 2024, the diocese reported average Sunday attendance (ASA) of 3,893 persons. The most recent membership statistics (2023) showed 13,311 members.

The diocese traces its roots to the founding of St. Paul's, Detroit in 1824. It became a diocese of the Episcopal Church in 1836, one year before the State of Michigan entered the Union. Initially encompassing the entire Michigan Territory, it split several times to reflect a growing population, and now comprises only the densely populated southeastern portion of the state.

St. Paul's, Detroit was formally designated the cathedral of the diocese in 1912.

Cathedral Church of St. Paul (Detroit)
The Cathedral Church of St. Paul is the cathedral church of the Episcopal Diocese of Michigan. In 1824 its congregation formed as the first Episcopal and first Protestant church in the Michigan Territory.

Designed by architect Ralph Adams Cram and constructed in 1907, this building is located at 4800 Woodward Avenue in Midtown Detroit, Michigan, adjacent to the campus of Wayne State University. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
Murder of Zvi Kogan
On 21 November 2024, Zvi Kogan (Hebrew: צבי קוגן, born 11 August 1996), an Israeli-Moldovan rabbi residing in the United Arab Emirates, was abducted and killed. He was an envoy of the Orthodox Jewish Hasidic organization Chabad. On 24 November 2024, a body was found and confirmed to be that of Kogan. Three suspects were arrested. In March 2025, three people were convicted and sentenced to death, with a fourth defendant sentenced to life imprisonment.

Gavriel Holtzberg
Gavriel Noach Holtzberg (Hebrew: גבריאל נח הולצברג; June 9, 1979 – November 26, 2008) was an Israeli American Orthodox rabbi and the Chabad emissary to Mumbai, India, where he and his wife Rivka ran the Mumbai Chabad House. He was also a religious leader and community builder for the local Jewish Indian community, and led the Friday-night Shabbat services at the Knesset Eliyahoo synagogue. Holtzberg and his wife were murdered during the 2008 Mumbai attacks perpetrated by the Islamic militant group Lashkar-e-Taiba.
John Pence
John Edward Pence (born June 13, 1989) is an American attorney, businessman and political advisor who worked as a senior political advisor for President Donald Trump. During Trump's 2016 and 2020 presidential campaigns, Pence engaged with Latino voters and advocated for Trump's policies regarding Latin America. He is the son of former Congressman Greg Pence and nephew of former Vice President Mike Pence.

Greg Pence
Gregory Joseph Pence (born November 14, 1956) is an American businessman and politician who served as the U.S. representative for Indiana's 6th congressional district from 2019 to 2025. The district serves much of east-central Indiana, including Pence's hometown of Columbus, as well as Greenfield, Richmond, Shelbyville, and the southern third of Indianapolis. A member of the Republican Party, he is the older brother of former U.S. vice president Mike Pence, who represented the district from 2001 to 2013.

In January 2024, Pence announced that he would not be running for re-election to the 119th United States Congress.
Remote-control vehicle
A remote-control vehicle is defined as any vehicle that is teleoperated by a means that does not restrict its motion with an origin external to the device. This is often a radio-control device, a cable between the controller and the vehicle, or an infrared controller.

Teleoperation
Teleoperation (or remote operation) indicates operation of a system or machine at a distance.  It is similar in meaning to the phrase "remote control" but is usually encountered in research, academia and technology.  It is most commonly associated with robotics and mobile robots but can be applied to a whole range of circumstances in which a device or machine is operated by a person from a distance.

Teleoperation can be considered a human-machine system. For example,  ArduPilot provides a spectrum of autonomy ranging from manual control to full autopilot for autonomous vehicles.

The term teleoperation is in use in research and technical communities as a standard term for referring to operation at a distance.  This is as opposed to telepresence which is a less standard term and might refer to a whole range of existence or interaction that include a remote connotation.
Convention Center station (MetroLink)
Convention Center station is a light rail station on the Red and Blue lines of the St. Louis MetroLink system. This subway station is located beneath the intersection of 6th Street and Washington Avenue in St. Louis' Central Business District.

Downtown St. Louis
Downtown St. Louis is the central business district of St. Louis, Missouri, the hub of tourism and entertainment, and the anchor of the St. Louis metropolitan area. The downtown is bounded by Cole Street to the north, the river front to the east, Chouteau Avenue to the south, and Tucker Boulevard to the west. (If the neighborhood defined by the city as Downtown West, St. Louis, is included, however, then it extends further west to Jefferson Avenue.) The downtown is the site of many corporate headquarters, including Stifel Financial Corp., HOK, Spire Inc, and a host of other companies. Downtown is also the site of Busch Stadium, the Dome at America's Center, Gateway Arch National Park, Basilica of St. Louis, King of France, as well as several other notable cultural centers.
RD-253
The RD-253 (Russian: Ракетный Двигатель-253, romanized: Raketnyy Dvigatel-253, lit. 'Rocket Engine 253') and its later variants, the RD-275 and RD-275M, are liquid-propellant rocket engines developed in the Soviet Union by Energomash. The engines are used on the first stage of the Proton launch vehicle and use an oxidizer-rich staged combustion cycle to power the turbopumps. The engine burns a hypergolic mixture of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) fuel with dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) oxidizer, which are highly toxic, but storable at room temperature.

Staged combustion cycle
The staged combustion cycle (sometimes known as topping cycle, preburner cycle, or closed cycle) is a power cycle of a bipropellant rocket engine. In the staged combustion cycle, propellant flows through multiple combustion chambers, and is thus combusted in stages. The main advantage relative to other rocket engine power cycles is high fuel efficiency, measured through specific impulse, while its main disadvantage is engineering complexity.

Typically, propellant flows through two kinds of combustion chambers; the first called preburner and the second called main combustion chamber. In the preburner, a small portion of propellant is partly combusted under non-stoichiometric conditions, increasing the volume of flow driving the turbopumps that feed the engine with propellant. The gas is then injected into the main combustion chamber and combusted completely with the other propellant to produce thrust.
Azam Khan (general)
Muhammad Azam Khan (1908–1994) was a senior general of the Pakistan army who was a minister under Field Marshal Ayub Khan, the first military ruler of Pakistan. Azam was the first commander of the Pakistan Army's I Corps, and was Governor of East Pakistan.

I Corps (Pakistan)
The I Corps is a field corps of the Pakistan Army currently headquaretered in the Mangla Cantonment, Azad Kashmir in Pakistan. Formed in 1957 as one of the tenth deployment and maneuver strike corps, it is a major ground formation and has seen deployments in the wars between India and Pakistan from 1965 to 1971.: 64

Currently, it is commanded by Lieutenant-General Nauman Zakaria.
Two Groups Islands
18°08′S 142°15′W﻿ / ﻿18.133°S 142.250°W﻿ / -18.133; -142.250

The Two Groups Islands (French: Îles Deux Groupes [il dø ɡʁup]) is a minor subgroup of the Tuamotus in French Polynesia. It is formed by the atolls of Marokau to the north (populated by 100 people) and the uninhabited Ravahere to the south. The two atolls are separated by a 2 km (1 mi) wide sound.

Ravahere
Ravahere is an atoll of the Tuamotu Archipelago in French Polynesia. It is located 53 km northwest of Nengonengo Atoll and it is separated by a 2 km sound from Marokau Atoll, its closest neighbor to the north.

Marokau and Ravahere form a minor subgroup of the Tuamotus known as the Two Groups Islands.

Ravahere Atoll is roughly boomerang-shaped. It measures 20 km in length with a maximum width of 9.5 km. The shallow lagoon has a surface area of 57.5 km2, but there is no pass to enter it.

Ravahere is permanently uninhabited.
Ho Miu-ling
Ho Miu-ling (1847–1937) was a philanthropist in British Hong Kong. Her influential family included her brother, barrister Kai Ho, her husband, diplomat Wu Tingfang, and her son, diplomat Wu Chaoshu. The Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital is named for her and for her sister-in-law, Alice Walkden.

Kai Ho
Sir Kai Ho CMG JP (Chinese: 何啟; 21 March 1859 – 21 July 1914), better known as Sir Kai Ho Kai and born Ho Shan-kai (何神啟), was a Hong Kong barrister, physician and essayist in colonial Hong Kong. He played a key role in the relationship between the Hong Kong local community and the British colonial government. He is remembered as a supporter of the Reform Movement and as a teacher of Sun Yat-sen, who would become the founding father of the Republic of China. Hong Kong's former airport, Kai Tak Airport, was named after him as the land the airport sat on was reclaimed by Kai Tack Land Investment Company Limited, founded by him and Au Tak.
Michael Nyman
Michael Laurence Nyman, CBE (born 23 March 1944) is an English composer, pianist, librettist, musicologist, and filmmaker. He is known for numerous film scores (many written during his lengthy collaboration with the filmmaker Peter Greenaway), and his multi-platinum soundtrack album to Jane Campion's The Piano. He has written a number of operas, including The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat; Letters, Riddles and Writs; Noises, Sounds & Sweet Airs; Facing Goya; Man and Boy: Dada; Love Counts; and Sparkie: Cage and Beyond. He has written six concerti, five string quartets, and many other chamber works, many for his Michael Nyman Band. He is also a performing pianist. Nyman prefers to write opera over other forms of music.

Michael Nyman Band
The Michael Nyman Band, formerly known as the Campiello Band, is a group formed as a street band for a 1976 production of Carlo Goldoni's 1756 play, Il Campiello directed by Bill Bryden at the Old Vic. The band did not wish to break up after the production ended, so its director, Michael Nyman, began composing music for the group to perform, beginning with "In Re Don Giovanni", written in 1977. Originally made up of old instruments such as rebecs, sackbuts and shawms alongside more modern instruments like the banjo and saxophone to produce as loud a sound as possible without amplification, it later switched to a fully amplified line-up of string quartet, double bass, clarinet, three saxophones, horn, trumpet, bass trombone, bass guitar, and piano. This lineup has been variously altered and augmented for some works.
Sunflower oil
Sunflower oil is the non-volatile oil pressed from the seeds of the sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Sunflower oil is commonly used in food as a frying oil, and in cosmetic formulations as an emollient.

Sunflower oil is primarily composed of linoleic acid, a polyunsaturated fat, and oleic acid, a monounsaturated fat. Through selective breeding and manufacturing processes, oils of differing proportions of the fatty acids are produced.  The expressed oil has a neutral taste profile. The oil contains a large amount of vitamin E.

Polyunsaturated fat
In biochemistry and nutrition, a polyunsaturated fat is a fat that contains a polyunsaturated fatty acid (abbreviated PUFA), which is a subclass of fatty acid characterized by a backbone with two or more carbon–carbon double bonds.
Some polyunsaturated fatty acids are essentials. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are precursors to and are derived from polyunsaturated fats, which include drying oils.
Hoffman Building (Morristown, New Jersey)
The Hoffman Building, also known as The Arnold, was a Morristown, New Jersey structure completed before 1896.

Located across the street from the Morristown Green, the three-story building housed retail and rental properties, most notably Adams & Fairchild grocers and P. H. Hoffman & Son clothiers. It was commissioned by Philip H. Hoffman, and its carpenter was John T. Allen.

The inscription above the entrance hall read "The Arnold," in homage to the Arnold's Tavern, the historic building moved to accommodate it.

It was demolished some time before the 1960s to make room for the Reynolds & Co building, in which a Charles Schwab location now stands.

Philip H. Hoffman
Philip Henry Hoffman (July 28, 1827 – April 17, 1924) was an American tailor, banker, and building owner in Morristown, New Jersey.

In July 1863, Hoffman was one of the purchasers of the historic Arnold's Tavern, in which he established men's tailor shop and dry goods store, P. H. Hoffman & Son.

In the spring of 1886, after the death of the building's co-owner, Hoffman "decided to remove the old building, and [erect] in its stead [the] Hoffman Building," a "more modern" building which was completed by 1896.

He was a member of the New Jersey Historical Society, the New Jersey Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, and Morristown Board of Education.
Domar
In Norse mythology, the Swedish king Domar (Old Norse Dómarr, "Judge") of the House of Ynglings was the son of Domalde. He was married to Drott, the sister of Dan the Arrogant who gave his names to the Danes. Drott and Dan are in this work said to be the children of Danp son of Ríg.

His rule lasted long and after the sacrifice of his father Domalde, the crops were plentiful and peace reigned. Consequently, there is not much to tell about his reign, and when he died at Uppsala, he was transported over the Fyris Wolds (Fyrisvellir) and burnt on the banks of the river, where a stone was raised over his ashes.

He was succeeded by his son Dyggvi.

Domalde
Domalde, Dómaldi or Dómaldr (Old Norse possibly "Power to Judge") was a legendary Swedish king of the House of Ynglings, cursed by his stepmother, according to Snorri Sturluson, with ósgæssa, "ill-luck". He was the son of Visbur.
Naval Air Station Glynco
Naval Air Station Glynco, Georgia, was an operational naval air station from 1942 to 1974 with an FAA airfield identifier of NEA and an ICAO identifier of KNEA.

Now known as Brunswick Golden Isles Airport (IATA: BQK, ICAO: KBQK), it was previously known as Glynco Jetport following NAS Glynco's closure. It is a public airport located 5 miles (8 km) north of the city of Brunswick, in Glynn County, Georgia, USA. The airport has a single runway and is mostly used for general aviation, but it is also served by one commercial airline.

Glynn County, Georgia
Glynn County is located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 84,499. The county seat is Brunswick.  Glynn County is part of the Brunswick, Georgia Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Babystars
The Babystars (ザ・ベイビースターズ, Za Beibīsutāzu) was a Japanese rock band. The band is signed onto Sony Music Japan's Ki/oon Records label. They came out with the song "Hikari e" in 2002. This song is known as the third opening theme of the anime series One Piece. Later in 2004, their seventh single, "SUNDAY", became the first ending theme of the anime series Yakitate!! Japan. On May 31, 2006, Yōsuke Ichikawa and Asami Tomaru left the band.

Yakitate!! Japan
Yakitate!! Japan (焼きたて!! ジャぱん; 'Freshly Baked!! Ja-pan')is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Takashi Hashiguchi. It was serialized in Shogakukan's shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Sunday from December 2001 to January 2007, with its chapters collected in 26 tankōbon volumes.

A 69-episode anime television series adaptation by Sunrise was broadcast on TV Tokyo from October 2004 to March 2006. In North America, the manga was licensed in English by Viz Media in 2005 and Nozomi Entertainment licensed the anime series in 2014.

In 2004, Yakitate!! Japan won the 49th Shogakukan Manga Award for the shōnen category.
Volodymyr Pravyk
Volodymyr Pavlovych Pravyk (Ukrainian: Володимир Павлович Правик, Russian: Владимир Павлович Правик, romanized: Vladimir Pavlovich Pravik; 13 June 1962 – 11 May 1986) was a Soviet firefighter notable for his role in directing initial efforts to extinguish fires following the Chernobyl Disaster. Following the event, he was hospitalized with acute radiation syndrome and died sixteen days later. He was posthumously awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin by the Soviet Union, and later the Ukrainian Star For Courage (later known as the Order for Courage) in recognition of his efforts.

Order for Courage
The Order for Courage (Ukrainian: Орден «За мужність», romanized: Orden “Za muzhnist”) is a Ukrainian award established by Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma on August 21, 1996. The medal is designed by Ukrainian artist Mykola Lebid.
Skjold Municipality
Skjold is a former municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The 171.7-square-kilometre (66.3 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1965. The area is now divided between Tysvær Municipality and Vindafjord Municipality in the traditional district of Haugaland. The administrative centre was the village of Skjold.

Prior to its dissolution in 1965, the 171.7-square-kilometre (66.3 sq mi) municipality was the 357th largest by area out of the 525 municipalities in Norway. Skjold Municipality was the 353rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 2,419. The municipality's population density was 14.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (37/sq mi) and its population had increased by 0.9% over the previous 10-year period.

Skjold, Rogaland
Skjold is a village in Vindafjord Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is located at the northern end of the Skjoldafjorden, along the European route E134 highway, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of the town of Haugesund. Skjold Church is located in the village. The small Elleflåt farm lies about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast of Skjold.

The 1.02-square-kilometre (250-acre) village has a population (2025) of 997 and a population density of 977 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,530/sq mi).
Yelena Malysheva
Yelena Vasilyevna Malysheva  (Russian: Елена Васильевна Малышева, born 13 March 1961, Kemerovo, USSR) is a Russian physician, internist, cardiologist, teacher, and television host. She has been educating Russians on healthy lifestyles for two decades.

She hosts the TV programs Zdorovye (since 3 October 1997) and Zhit zdorovo! (since 16 August 2010), which air on Channel One. She is currently a professor at the Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry.

Channel One (Russia)
Channel One (Russian: Первый канал, romanized: Pervý kanal, IPA: [ˈpʲervɨj kɐˈnal], lit. 'First Channel') is a Russian federal television channel. Its headquarters are located at Ostankino Technical Center near the Ostankino Tower in Moscow. The majority of its shares are owned or indirectly controlled by the state.

It was created by decree of Russian president Boris Yeltsin to replace Ostankino Television Channel One, which in turn replaced Programme One in 1991. From April 1995 to September 2002, the channel was known as Public Russian Television (Russian: Общественное Российское Телевидение, romanized: Obshchestvennoye Rossiyskoye Televideniye, ORT [oˈɛrˈtɛ]). The main news programmes are Vremya and Novosti.

Channel One's main competitors are the Russia-1, NTV, 5TV and TV Centre channels. The channel has 2,443 employees as of 2019.
Riverside Park (La Crosse)
Riverside Park is a public park located on the riverfront of downtown La Crosse, Wisconsin.  It hosts events such as Riverfest, Fourth of July fireworks, Oktoberfest, Moon Tunes, and the Rotary Lights. The steamboats American Queen, La Crosse Queen, and Julia Belle Swain make stops along the river in the park. The park has walking/running trails.

La Crosse Queen
The La Crosse Queen is the name of seven different sightseeing and excursion boats that have operated out of La Crosse, Wisconsin's Riverside Park. The current vessel, La Crosse Queen VII was built in 2008 at Skipperliner Marine on French Island, Wisconsin. The La Crosse Queen VII offers both public and private cruises from its port in Riverside Park.  The vessel is U.S. Coast Guard inspected for safety and is licensed to carry up to 149 passengers.
Maurice Brocco
Maurice Brocco (28 January 1883 – 26 June 1965) was a French professional road bicycle racer between 1906 and 1927. He was born into a family of Swiss-Italian immigrants. In 1911 he won a stage in the Tour de France. He participated six times in the Tour de France, but finished the race only once. In his later career he was successful in six-day races.

In the 1911 Tour de France, Brocco was disqualified because he helped François Faber, which was not allowed. Brocco appealed, he was allowed to start the next stage. Brocco won that stage, and his disqualification was completed after the stage.

1911 Tour de France
The 1911 Tour de France was the ninth edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 2 to 30 July. It was composed of 15 stages over 5,343 kilometres (3,320 mi), ridden at an average speed of 27.322 km/h. The results were computed by giving each rider points according to his finishing position on each stage, and the rider with the fewest points at the end of the race won the overall competition. It was a gruelling tour, with the longest stage, 470 km long, taking almost 18 hours for the fastest riders to complete. Out of the 84 riders who started the tour, only 28 completed the race. After the introduction of the Pyrenees in the previous edition, in 1911 the Alps were first visited; for this addition, the 1911 edition has been named the first modern Tour.

Newcomer Paul Duboc won four stages and was close to winning the Tour, but he fell sick midway through the race while he was in second place in the general classification. The winner was Gustave Garrigou, who also won two stages.
Meaford, Ontario
Meaford is a municipality in Grey County, Ontario, Canada located on Nottawasaga Bay, a sub-basin of Georgian Bay and Owen Sound Bay.  The municipality's seal and motto reflect its heritage as a place of apple orchards, but in the 21st century the area has partly switched to weekend homes, seasonal homes, and lakeside tourism.

The Canadian Army maintains a training facility, the 4th Canadian Division Training Centre Meaford (4 CDTC), 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northwest of the town of Meaford.

Owen Sound
Owen Sound (2021 Census population 21,612) is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. The seat of government of Grey County, it is located at the mouths of the Pottawatomi and Sydenham Rivers on an inlet of Georgian Bay.

The primary tourist attractions are the many waterfalls within a short drive of the town.
Harbledown Island
Harbledown Island is an island in the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, located west of West Cracroft Island.  It is at the west end of Johnstone Strait and lies at the eastern edge of the Queen Charlotte Strait region.  Hanson Island is to its west, West Cracroft Island to the south and southeast, across Baronet Passage, and Turnour Island to the northwest, across Beware Passage.

Beware Passage
Beware Passage is a strait or channel in the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, between Harbledown (SE) and Turnour Islands.  It was named in 1860 by Captain Pender.

The passage's waters and shores have various Indian reserves and communities of the Kwakwaka'wakw:

Coffin Island Indian Reserve No. 3 on Kamano Island

Small Island Indian Reserve No. 4 on Small Island

Aglakumna-la Indian Reserve No. 2 on Klaoitsis Island

Karlukwees Indian Reserve No. 1, which is the location of the Tlowitsis village of Kalugwis (Karlukwees or Qalogwis are other spellings)

Dead Point Indian Reserve No. 5 on the north side of Harbledown Island