hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aqueous humour
The aqueous humour is a transparent water-like fluid similar to blood plasma, but containing low protein concentrations. It is secreted from the ciliary body, a structure supporting the lens of the eyeball. It fills both the anterior and the posterior chambers of the eye, and is not to be confused with the vitreous humour, which is located in the space between the lens and the retina, also known as the posterior cavity or vitreous chamber. Blood cannot normally enter the eyeball.

Vitreous body
The vitreous body (vitreous meaning "glass-like"; from Latin  vitreus 'glassy', from  vitrum 'glass' and  -eus) is the clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina of the eyeball (the vitreous chamber) in humans and other vertebrates. It is often referred to as the vitreous humor (also spelled humour), from Latin meaning liquid, or simply "the vitreous". Vitreous fluid or "liquid vitreous" is the liquid component of the vitreous gel, found after a vitreous detachment. It is not to be confused with the aqueous humor, the other fluid in the eye that is found between the cornea and lens.
Boniface III, Margrave of Tuscany
Boniface III (also Boniface IV or Boniface of Canossa) (c. 985 – 6 May 1052), son of Tedald of Canossa and the father of Matilda of Tuscany, was the most powerful north Italian prince of his age. By inheritance he was count (or lord) of Brescia, Canossa, Ferrara, Florence, Lucca, Mantua, Modena, Pisa, Pistoia, Parma, Reggio, and Verona from 1007 and, by appointment, margrave of Tuscany from 1027 until his assassination in 1052.

Tedald of Canossa
Tedald (died 1012), of the House of Canossa, was the count of Brescia from 980, Modena, Ferrara, and Reggio from 981, and Mantua from 1006.  He used the title of margrave because of his vast comital holdings and their frontier nature. His family's seat was Canossa and he was the son of Adalbert Azzo of Canossa who had supported Otto I against Berengar of Ivrea and Adalbert of Ivrea. His rise was largely due to his loyalty to the Ottonian Dynasty.

He opposed his fellow Margrave Arduin of Ivrea in his bid for the Italian crown in 1002.  He accompanied the Emperor Henry II on his campaign to Italy in 1004 and was present at Henry's royal coronation in Pavia on May 15.  He received Ferrara from the pope.  He ensured that his entire patrimony passed to his son Boniface. His second son, Tedald, became Bishop of Arezzo in 1023 and sponsored Guido of Arezzo.

Tedald married Willa daughter of Hubert of Spoleto, natural son of Hugh of Italy.
Archdiocese of Milwaukee
The Archdiocese of Milwaukee (Latin: Archidiœcesis Milvauchiensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or archdiocese, of the Catholic Church in southeast Wisconsin in the United States. The Archdiocese of Milwaukee is the metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province of Milwaukee. It includes the suffragan dioceses of Green Bay, La Crosse, Madison, and Superior.

It was formed in 1843, with territory taken from the Diocese of Detroit. It was elevated from a diocese to an archdiocese in 1875. In 2011, the sexual abuse scandal in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milwaukee resulted in its filing for bankruptcy.

Pope Francis named Jeffrey S. Grob as archbishop on November 4, 2024.

Archdiocese of Detroit
The Archdiocese of Detroit (Latin: Archidiœcesis Detroitensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the south-east portion of Michigan in the United States. It is the metropolitan archdiocese of the Ecclesiastical Province of Detroit, which includes all the dioceses in the state of Michigan. It was erected in 1833 and elevated to an archdiocese in 1937. The Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament is the mother church. The Basilica of Sainte Anne de Détroit is the second oldest continuously operating Catholic parish in the United States, dating to 1701.
Kildwick
Kildwick, or Kildwick-in-Craven, is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated between Skipton and Keighley and had a population of 191 in 2001,  rising slightly to 194 at the 2011 census. Kildwick is a landmark as where the major road from Keighley to Skipton crosses the River Aire. The village's amenities include a primary school, church and public house.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Skipton
Skipton (also known as Skipton-in-Craven) is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. Historically in the East Division of Staincliffe Wapentake in the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is on the River Aire and the Leeds and Liverpool Canal to the south of the Yorkshire Dales. It is situated 27 miles (43 km) north-west of Leeds and 38 miles (61 km) west of York. At the 2021 Census, the population was 15,042. The town has been listed as one of the best and happiest places to live in the UK.
Durant Motors
Durant Motors is a defunct American multinational automobile manufacturer, previously headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It was incorporated on January 12, 1921 by William C. Durant, who was the former founder and CEO of General Motors.

The company introduced three automobiles originally, Star, Durant and Flint, but also acquired Locomobile shortly after the initial founding. In addition, Durant Motors added Mason Truck and created a rebadged version of the Star for international markets, called the Rugby. Five production locations were established: Lansing, Michigan; Flint, Michigan; Elizabeth, New Jersey; Oakland, California; and Leaside, Ontario, Canada.

While the company initially amassed good success, slowing sales and poor stock positions up to and subsequently following the 1929 stock market crash caused the company to cease all production in August, 1931. The company went into liquidation in 1933.

Star (automobile)
Star was an American automobile company that was assembled by the Durant Motors Company between 1922 and 1928. Also known as the Star Car, Star was envisioned as a competitor against the Ford Model T and Chevrolet.  In the United Kingdom, it was sold as the Rugby, to avoid confusion with the British marque.
Finette Cendron
"Finette Cendron" (English: Cunning Cinders) is a French literary fairy tale written by Madame d'Aulnoy.

It combines Aarne–Thompson types 327A and 510A. Other tales of 510A type include "Cinderella", "Katie Woodencloak", "Fair, Brown and Trembling", "The Sharp Grey Sheep", "Rushen Coatie", or "The Wonderful Birch".

The Wonderful Birch
The Wonderful Birch (Russian: Чудесная берёза) is a Finnish and Russian fairy tale. A variant on Cinderella, it is Aarne–Thompson folktale type 510A, the persecuted heroine. It makes use of shapeshifting motifs. Andrew Lang included it in The Red Fairy Book.
17α-Hydroxyprogesterone
17α-Hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP), also known as 17-OH progesterone (17-OHP), or hydroxyprogesterone (OHP), is an endogenous progestogen steroid hormone related to progesterone. It is also a chemical intermediate in the biosynthesis of many other endogenous steroids, including androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids, as well as neurosteroids.

Progesterone
Progesterone (/proʊˈdʒɛstəroʊn/ ⓘ; P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. It belongs to a group of steroid hormones called the progestogens and is the major progestogen in the body. Progesterone has a variety of important functions in the body. It is also a crucial metabolic intermediate in the production of other endogenous steroids, including the sex hormones and the corticosteroids, and plays an important role in brain function as a neurosteroid.

In addition to its role as a natural hormone, progesterone is also used as a medication, such as in combination with estrogen for contraception, to reduce the risk of uterine or cervical cancer, in hormone replacement therapy, and in feminizing hormone therapy. It was first prescribed in 1934.
Graphium liponesco
Graphium liponesco, the long-tailed striped swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo and western Nigeria. Its habitat consists of wet and moist forests in good condition. It is very similar to Graphium policenoides and  Graphium policenes

Graphium policenoides
Graphium policenoides is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Its habitat consists of wet forests in good condition.
It is very similar to Graphium policenes and  Graphium liponesco
Connecticut Route 317
Route 317 is a state highway in west central Connecticut running from Route 67 in Roxbury to a junction with U.S. Route 6 in Woodbury. The section of Route 317 from Route 67 to Painter Hill Road in Roxbury is designated a scenic road.

Connecticut Route 67
Route 67 is a secondary state highway in the U.S. state of Connecticut, from the town of New Milford in the Greater Danbury area to the town of Woodbridge in the outskirts of New Haven. The route runs for 31.00 miles (49.89 km).  It generally follows a northwest-southeast path, and is signed north-south.
Miriam Beswick
Miriam Beswick is a former Australian politician who represented the Division of Braddon in the Tasmanian House of Assembly from 2024 to 2025. She was one of three MPs elected in 2024 representing the Jacqui Lambie Network, the others being Rebekah Pentland and Andrew Jenner.

In August 2024, she and Rebekah Pentland were expelled from the Jacqui Lambie Network.

Beswick announced on 16 June 2025 that she had joined the National Party and would seek preselection for the 2025 state election. She ran for re-election in Braddon as the top candidate for the Nationals, but was defeated, with her seat assumed by former federal Liberal MP Gavin Pearce.

Rebekah Pentland
Rebekah Samantha Pentland (born 20 February 1978) is a former Australian politician, having served as one of seven members for Bass in the Tasmanian House of Assembly, and was defeated in the 2025 state election.
Méditerranée (department)
Méditerranée (French pronunciation: [meditɛʁane] ⓘ) was a department of the First French Empire in present-day Italy. It was named after the Mediterranean Sea. It was formed in 1808, when the Kingdom of Etruria (formerly the Grand Duchy of Tuscany) was annexed directly to France. Its capital was Livorno.

The department was disbanded after the defeat of Napoleon in 1814. At the Congress of Vienna, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany was restored to its previous Habsburg-Lorraine prince, Ferdinand III. Its territory is now divided between the Italian provinces of Livorno, Pisa, Florence and Siena.

Kingdom of Etruria
The Kingdom of Etruria (/ɪˈtrʊəriə/ ih-TROOR-ee-ə; Italian: Regno di Etruria) was an Italian kingdom between 1801 and 1807 that made up a large part of modern Tuscany.  It took its name from Etruria, the old Roman name for the land of the Etruscans.
Nicole Della Monica
Nicole Della Monica (born 3 June 1989) is a retired Italian pair skater.  With her former partner Matteo Guarise, she is a seven-time Italian national champion (2016–22) and has represented Italy at the 2014, 2018 and 2022 Winter Olympics.

With her previous partner Yannick Kocon, she was a two-time Italian national champion (2009, 2010) and competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics.

Matteo Guarise
Matteo Guarise (born 15 September 1988) is an Italian pairs figure skater and roller skater. Currently competing in pair skating with partner Lucrezia Beccari, he is the 2024 European champion, a two-time ISU Grand Prix medalist, 2023 CS Nebelhorn Trophy silver medalist and 2024 Italian national silver  medalist.

After winning the 2008 World Championship in pairs roller skating with Sara Venerucci, Guarise switched over to figure skating to compete with Nicole Della Monica. Guarise/Della Monica won seven Italian national pairs titles (2016–22). The pair represented Italy at the 2014, 2018 and 2022 Winter Olympics.
Gaia
In Greek mythology, Gaia (/ˈɡeɪ.ə, ˈɡaɪ.ə/; Ancient Greek: Γαῖα, romanized: Gaîa, a poetic form of Γῆ (Gê), meaning 'land' or 'earth'), also spelled Gaea (/ˈdʒiː.ə/), is the personification of Earth. She is the mother of Uranus (Sky), with whom she conceived the Titans (themselves parents of many of the Olympian gods), the Cyclopes, and the Giants, as well as of Pontus (Sea), from whose union she bore the primordial sea gods. Her equivalent in the Roman pantheon was Terra.

Pontus (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Pontus (/ˈpɒntəs/; Ancient Greek: Πόντος, romanized: Póntos, lit. 'Sea') was an ancient, pre-Olympian sea-god, one of the Greek primordial deities. Pontus was Gaia's son and has no father (similar to Uranus); according to the Greek poet Hesiod, he was born without coupling, though according to Hyginus, Pontus is the son of Aether and Gaia.
Gnash (software)
Gnash is a media player for playing Adobe Flash (SWF) files. Gnash is available both as a standalone player for desktop computers and embedded devices, as well as a plugin for the browsers still supporting NPAPI. It is part of the GNU Project and is a free and open-source alternative to Adobe Flash Player. It was developed from the gameswf project.

Gnash was first announced in late 2005 by software developer John Gilmore. As of 2011, the project's maintainer is Rob Savoye. The main developer's web site for Gnash is located on the Free Software Foundation's GNU Savannah project support server.

Gnash supports most SWF v7 features and some SWF v8 and v9, however SWF v10 is not supported.

Gameswf
gameswf (pronounced "game swiff") is an open-source public domain library for parsing and rendering SWF movies, using 3D hardware APIs for rendering. It is designed to be used as a UI library for video games.

It is written in C++, and compiles under Microsoft Windows, OS X, Linux, iOS and Android, using GCC and MSVC. It includes code for rendering with OpenGL ES. The rendering module is factored out so that the code can be ported to other APIs.

gameswf is used by other open source projects such as Gnash. It is also used in Oddworld: Stranger's Wrath and many Gameloft games to display user interface screens and menus such as the player's inventory.

gameswf is a prototype of Scaleform GFx, advanced cross-platform GUI solution.
Milwaukee Youth Arts Center
The Milwaukee Youth Arts Center (MYAC) is an arts-in-education facility in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. A performing arts education and rehearsal facility for the young people of southeastern Wisconsin, it provides opportunities for children to express themselves through the arts in a multicultural environment. The facility has rehearsal halls, classrooms, and other training spaces, a theater resource center, a music library, a costume shop, and administrative offices.

The center is a collaboration between First Stage Children's Theater and Milwaukee Youth Symphony Orchestra. It opened in early 2005.

First Stage Children's Theater
The First Stage Children's Theater is a professional American children's theater based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, founded in 1987. Its season consists of six "mainstage" shows, two shows for very young audiences, and two shows from its award-winning Young Company. First Stage also provides education for children and youth interested in theater.

One of the largest children's theaters in the nation, First Stage has large annual audiences and is the second biggest theater company in Milwaukee. The theater's main performance venue is the Todd Wehr Theater at the Marcus Center, with additional performance space and headquarters in the Milwaukee Youth Arts Center.
Al Ries
Alfred Paul Ries (November 14, 1926 – October 7, 2022) was an American marketing professional and author. He was the cofounder and chairman of the Atlanta-based consulting firm Ries & Ries with his partner and daughter, Laura Ries. Along with Jack Trout, Ries is credited with resurrecting the idea of "positioning" in the field of marketing.

Jack Trout
John Francis "Jack" Trout (January 31, 1935 – June 4, 2017) was an American advertising executive and an owner of Trout & Partners, a consulting firm. He was the founder and pioneer of positioning theory and also marketing warfare theory.
Nanyang Siang Pau
Nanyang Siang Pau or Nanyang Business Daily is a Malaysian Chinese daily newspaper. Originally founded in Singapore on 6 September 1923 by philanthropist-entrepreneur Tan Kah Kee, its original newspaper circulated across the Straits Settlements. It is the oldest Chinese-language newspaper in Malaysia behind Kwong Wah Yit Poh.

It has been published continuously aside from four months between 1923 and 1924, and during World War II from 1942 until resuming publication on 8 September 1945.

Kwong Wah Yit Poh
Kwong Wah Yit Poh or Kwong Wah Daily (simplified Chinese: 光华日报; traditional Chinese: 光華日報; pinyin: Guānghuá Rìbào; Wade–Giles: Kuang1-hua2 Jih4-pao4) is a Malaysian Chinese daily that was founded in 1910 by Chinese revolutionary Sun Yat-sen. It is the oldest surviving Chinese-language newspaper in Southeast Asia.
350th Fighter Group
The 350th Fighter Group was an air combat unit of the United States Army Air Force formed in 1942 and inactivated in 1945. The fighter group consisted of 345th, 346th and 347th Fighter Squadron. The group was formed in England in 1942 flying Bell P-39 Airacobras and participated in the Mediterranean and North African Campaigns of World War II. 350th Fighter Group was based in North Africa, in Algeria and Morocco from January to July 1943. They then moved on to the Mediterranean islands of Sardinia and Corsica in November 1943 and February 1944 and were based in Italy from September 1944 to July 1945. After the group was inactivated on 7 November 1945 at Seymour Johnson Air Force Base following the end of the war. It was redesignated the 112th Fighter Group and placed under the control of the Pennsylvania Air National Guard in 1946.

147th Air Refueling Squadron
The 147th Air Refueling Squadron is a unit of the Pennsylvania Air National Guard 171st Air Refueling Wing located at Pittsburgh IAP Air Reserve Station, Pennsylvania. The 147th is equipped with the KC-135T Stratotanker.
Vršački Ritovi
Vršački Ritovi (Serbian Cyrillic: Вршачки Ритови; Hungarian: Verseci Rétek) is a village located in Serbia at 45° 9' 38" North, 21° 10' 19" East. It is situated in the Vršac municipality, in Banat region (South Banat District), Vojvodina province.

Vršac
Vršac (Serbian Cyrillic: Вршац, pronounced [ʋr̩̂ʃat͡s]) is a city in the province of Vojvodina, Serbia. As of 2022, the city urban area had a population of 31,946, while the city administrative area had 45,462 inhabitants. It is located in the geographical region of Banat.
2018 A-League finals series
The 2018 A-League finals series was the 13th annual edition of the A-League finals series, the playoffs tournament staged to determine the champion of the 2018–19 A-League season. The series was played over three weeks culminating in the 2018 A-League Grand Final, where Melbourne Victory won a fourth championship 1–0 against Newcastle Jets.

2018 A-League Grand Final
The 2018 A-League Grand Final was the thirteenth A-League Grand Final, played on 5 May 2018. The match took place at McDonald Jones Stadium, with Newcastle Jets hosting Melbourne Victory, the first A-League grand final held outside a metropolitan city.

Kosta Barbarouses scored the only goal of the game, in the 9th minute. It was a controversial goal, as replays showed that there was an offside offence in the lead up to the goal, but the Video Assistant Referee system had gone down for technical reasons and the goal was allowed to stand.
Pennsylvania Route 350
Pennsylvania Route 350 (PA 350) is a 22-mile-long (35 km) state highway located in Huntingdon, Blair, and Centre counties in Pennsylvania.  The southern terminus is at PA 45 in Franklin Township.  The northern terminus is at PA 53/PA 504 in Philipsburg.

Pennsylvania Route 504
Pennsylvania Route 504 (PA 504) is a 24.5-mile-long (39.4 km) state highway located in Centre County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.  The western terminus is at PA 53/PA 350 in Philipsburg.  The eastern terminus is at US 220 Alternate/PA 144  in Wingate.

It roughly follows a portion of the path of the historic 1799 State Road from "Bald Eagle's Nest" (Milesburg) to Fort Le Boeuf (Waterford, PA), which was laid out and cleared under contract with the Pennsylvania Assembly and opened for travel by 1802. The State Road was an important thoroughfare during the War of 1812, and was for many years the primary route for mail, goods and travelers between Philadelphia and Erie. Many of the original, 19th-century stone mileposts are preserved along the northern side of the highway.
Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman
Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman (26 June 1926 – 3 November 1975) was a Bangladeshi politician, government minister, and one of the founding leaders of Bangladesh. While serving as the Home Minister to Mujibnagar Government, Qamaruzzaman was murdered along with Syed Nazrul Islam, Muhammad Mansur Ali, and Tajuddin Ahmed in the jail killings in Dhaka Central Jail on 3 November 1975 by a group of army officers on the instruction of President Mostaq.

Syed Nazrul Islam
Syed Nazrul Islam (1925 – 3 November 1975) was a Bangladeshi politician and a senior leader of the Awami League. During the Bangladesh War of Independence, he was declared as the Acting President of Bangladesh by the Provisional Government.
Keyauwee
The Keyauwee Indians were a small North Carolina tribe, native to the area of present day Randolph County, North Carolina. The Keyauwee village was surrounded by palisades and cornfields about thirty miles northeast of the Yadkin River, near present day High Point, North Carolina. The Keyauwee village was vulnerable to attack, so the Keyauwee constantly joined with other tribes for better protection. They joined with the Tutelo, Saponi, Occaneechi, and the Shakori tribes, moving to the Albemarle Sound with the last two for a settlement that would later be foiled. The Keyauwee would move further southward along with the Cheraw and Peedee tribes, close along the border of the two Carolinas, where they conducted deerskin trade with Charleston traders and allied with the Indian neighbors in the Yamassee War. Eventually, their tribe name vanished from historical records, and with time, they were absorbed by the Catawba tribe.

Cheraw
The Cheraw people, also known as the Saraw or Saura, were a possibly Siouan language-speaking tribe of Indigenous people of the Southeastern Woodlands, in the Piedmont area of North Carolina near the Sauratown Mountains, east of Pilot Mountain and north of the Yadkin River. They lived in villages near the Catawba River.

Their first European and African contact was with the Hernando De Soto Expedition at the site of Joara in 1540. The early English explorer John Lawson included them in the larger eastern-Siouan confederacy, which he called "the Esaw Nation."

After attacks in the late 17th century and early 18th century, they moved to the southeast around the Pee Dee River, where the Cheraw name became more widely used. They became extinct as a tribe, although some descendants survived after incorporating into the Catawba.
Phoeniconotius
Phoeniconotius is an extinct genus of flamingo that lived in Australia from the late Oligocene to the early Miocene. Unlike modern flamingos and the contemporary Phoenicopterus novaehollandiae, it was likely less well adapted for swimming and deep water wading. Phoeniconotius was a robust flamingo with bones more massive than those of the modern greater flamingo. Only a single species is recognized, Phoeniconotius eyrensis.

Flamingo
Flamingos or flamingoes (/fləˈmɪŋɡoʊz/) are a type of wading bird in the family Phoenicopteridae, which is the only extant family in the order Phoenicopteriformes. There are four flamingo species distributed throughout the Americas (including the Caribbean), and two species native to Afro-Eurasia.

A group of flamingos is called a "flamboyance", or a "stand".