hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
QF 6-inch naval gun
The QF 6-inch 40 calibre naval gun (Quick-Firing) was used by many United Kingdom-built warships around the end of the 19th century and the start of the 20th century. In British service it was known as the QF 6-inch Mk I, II, III guns. As the 15 cm/40 (6") 41st Year Type naval gun it was used for pre-dreadnought battleships, armoured cruisers and protected cruisers of the early Imperial Japanese Navy built in UK and European shipyards. It was also the heaviest gun ever carried by a pre-Cold War destroyer.

Quick-firing gun
A quick-firing or rapid-firing gun is an artillery piece, typically a gun or howitzer, that has several characteristics which taken together mean the weapon can fire at a fast rate. Quick-firing was introduced worldwide in the 1880s and 1890s and had a marked impact on war both on land and at sea.
Hutchesons' Grammar School
Hutchesons' Grammar School is a private, co-educational day school for pupils aged 3–18 in Glasgow, Scotland. It was founded as Hutchesons' Boys' Grammar School by George Hutcheson and Thomas Hutcheson in 1641, making it the 19th oldest school in Scotland.

Prospective pupils must sit an entrance test and interview to gain admission. As of 2024, the school has around 1,300 pupils across its Pre-School, Primary and Secondary Schools and is governed by The Governors of Hutchesons' Educational Trust. Its current Rector is Mark Ronan.

Hutchesons' alumni include the former First Minister of Scotland Humza Yousaf, Anas Sarwar, Scottish Labour leader, several members of the House of Lords and the first female lawyer in the United Kingdom. Former pupils are known as Old Hutchesonians.

Madge Easton Anderson
Madge Easton Anderson (24 April 1896 – 1982) was a Scottish lawyer. She was the first woman admitted to practise as a professional lawyer in the UK when, in 1920, she qualified as a solicitor in Scotland.
John Carney (Delaware politician)
John Charles Carney Jr. (born May 20, 1956) is an American politician serving as the 58th mayor of Wilmington, Delaware, since 2025. A member of the Democratic Party, Carney previously served as the 74th Governor of Delaware from 2017 to 2025, the U.S. representative for Delaware's at-large congressional district from 2011 to 2017, the 24th lieutenant governor of Delaware from 2001 to 2009, and Delaware's secretary of finance from 1996 to 2000.

He first unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for governor in 2008, losing to Jack Markell. He ran for governor again in 2016 and won, succeeding Markell, who was term-limited. He was re-elected in 2020, defeating Republican Julianne Murray with 59.5% of the vote. Carney won the 2024 Wilmington mayoral election, winning the primary election in September by 743 votes and the November general election with no opposition.

2024 Wilmington mayoral election
The 2024 Wilmington mayoral election was held on Tuesday, November 5, 2024, to elect the mayor of Wilmington, Delaware. Following Incumbent mayor Mike Purzycki's decision to not seek re-election, term limited Governor John Carney and former Wilmington treasurer Velda Jones-Potter ran for the Democratic nomination. Jones-Potter had previously challenged Purzycki's 2020 reelection bid. On September 10, 2024, Carney defeated in the primary Jones-Potter by 743 votes. Due to the dominance of the Delaware Democratic Party, no Republicans ran for the seat. Carney ran unopposed in the general election and received over 24 thousand votes. With his victory he became the first sitting governor ever to be elected mayor.
C. Sankaran Nair
Sir Chettur Sankaran Nair CIE (11 July 1857 – 24 April 1934) was an Indian lawyer, judge and statesman who served as the Advocate-General of Madras from 1906 to 1910, on the High Court of Madras as a puisne justice from 1910 to 1915, and as India-wide Education minister as a member of the Viceroy's Executive Council from 1915 until 1919. He was elected president of the 1897 Indian National Congress, and led the Egmore faction, opposing the Mylapore group.

According to V. C. Gopalratnam, he was a leader of the Madras bar, alongside C. R. Pattabhirama Iyer, M. O. Parthasarathy Iyengar, V. Krishnaswamy Iyer, P. R. Sundaram Iyer, and Sir V. C. Desikachariar, and immediately behind Sir V. Bhashyam Aiyangar and Sir S. Subramania Iyer. He wrote Gandhi and Anarchy (1922).

V. C. Desikachariar
Sir Vembakkam Comanduru Desikachariar (31 December 1861 – 14 November 1919) was an Indian lawyer, politician and Indian independence activist who served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council from 1904 to 1908.

Desikachariar also participated in the 1898 Madras session of the Indian National Congress and introduced resolutions. He was the elder son of V. Rajagopalacharlu, brother to V. C. Seshachariar, the nephew of V. Sadagopacharlu, and the father of V. C. Gopalratnam, and a member of the Vembaukum family. According to Gopalratnam, he was from 1891 a leader of the Madras bar, alongside C. R. Pattabhirama Iyer, M. O. Parthasarathy Iyengar, V. Krishnaswamy Iyer, P. R. Sundaram Iyer, and Sir C. Sankaran Nair, immediately behind Sir V. Bhashyam Aiyangar and Sir S. Subramania Iyer. He apprenticed alongside his brother and S. Srinivasa Iyengar with relative Sir V. Bhashyam Aiyangar, who was father-in-law to the third of them. He was knighted in 1906.
Mighty Mutanimals
Mighty Mutanimals, a superhero group within the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT) franchise, emerged in the comic-book series Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures. Composed of various mutated animals, the team collaborated with the TMNT and has been featured in multiple iterations of the franchise since its inception.

Bebop and Rocksteady
Bebop and Rocksteady are a fictional duo of mutant warthog and rhinoceros that have made appearances in various media releases of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise. The two characters are henchmen who follow the orders of the franchise's chief antagonist, Shredder, the leader of the Foot Clan. Their names are both derived from genres of music: Bebop is a style of jazz, while rocksteady is a Jamaican music style, a precursor to reggae.
Adolph Theodor Kupffer
Adolph Theodor Kupffer ForMemRS (17 January 1799 Jelgava – 4 June 1865) was a Baltic German (subject of Russian Empire) chemist, and physicist. He founded the Depot of Standard Weights and Measures, and the main physical Observatory in Russia.

Jelgava
Jelgava (pronounced [ˈjælˠɡɐvˠɐ] ⓘ) is a state city in central Latvia. It is located about 41 kilometres (25 miles) southwest of Riga. It is the largest town in the Semigallia region of Latvia. Jelgava was the capital of the united Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1578–1795) and was the administrative center of the Courland Governorate (1795–1918).

Jelgava is situated on a fertile plain rising only 3.5 metres (11.5 feet) above mean sea level on the right bank of the river Lielupe. At high water, the plain and sometimes the town as well can be flooded. It is a railway center, and is also a host to the Jelgava Air Base. Its importance as a railway centre can be seen by the fact that it lies at the junction of over 6 railway lines connecting Riga to Lithuania, eastern and western Latvia, and Lithuania to the Baltic Sea.
The Laughing Monsters
The Laughing Monsters is a spy novel by Denis Johnson published in 2014 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

The Laughing Monsters is set largely in the African countries of Sierra Leone, Congo and Uganda in the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide of the 1990s, conflicts which Johnson witnessed and reported on as a journalist.

The title of the novel is a reference to the Happy Mountains of the Congo, where the novel's climax takes place. The mountain range was dubbed the Laughing Monsters by the 19th Century missionary James Hannington.
The title also characterizes the two chief protagonists of the novel.

Denis Johnson
Denis Hale Johnson (July 1, 1949 – May 24, 2017) was an American novelist, short-story writer, and poet. He is perhaps best known for his debut short story collection, Jesus' Son (1992). His most successful novel, Tree of Smoke (2007), won the National Book Award for Fiction. Johnson was twice shortlisted for the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. Altogether, Johnson was the author of  nine novels, one novella, two books of short stories, three collections of poetry, two collections of plays, and one book of reportage. His final work, a book of short stories titled The Largesse of the Sea Maiden, was published posthumously in 2018. Ted Geltner's biography of the writer, Flagrant, Self-Destructive Gestures, appeared in late 2025.
1923 Yugoslav Football Championship
The 1923 Yugoslav Football Championship, officially called State Championship (Serbo-Croatian and Slovene: Državno prvenstvo; Serbian Cyrillic: Државно првенство), was the first season of national association football competition in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which later came to be known as Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

At this point there was no league championship in the modern sense, as the competition was held in a single-legged cup format, with participating clubs qualifying via regional playoffs entered by winners of six regional football sub-federations. Only the final was played over two legs.

The champions were 1. HŠK Građanski from Zagreb, who beat SAŠK from Sarajevo 5–3 in the final tie.

HŠK Građanski Zagreb
HŠK Građanski (alternatively spelled Gradjanski or Gradanski), also known as 1. HŠK Građanski or fully Prvi hrvatski građanski športski klub (lit. 'First Croatian Citizens' Sports Club'), was a Croatian football club established in Zagreb in 1911 and dissolved in 1945. The club had a huge influence on the development of football in Croatia and Kingdom of Yugoslavia and achieved its greatest success in the period between the two World Wars.
Li Sigong
Li Sigong (李思恭) (d. 886?), né Tuoba Sigong (拓拔思恭), formally the Duke of Xia (夏國公), was a Tangut warlord of the late Tang dynasty, who, for his contributions against the rebel Huang Chao, was installed as Dingnan Jiedushi (定難, headquartered in modern Yulin, Shaanxi) as its military governor (Jiedushi). The position was hereditary and passed down through his family, eventually becoming the fully independent Tangut state of Western Xia from the 11th to 13th centuries.

Dingnan Jiedushi
Dingnan Jiedushi (simplified Chinese: 定难节度使; traditional Chinese: 定難節度使), also known as Xiasui Jiedushi (simplified Chinese: 夏绥节度使; traditional Chinese: 夏綏節度使), was a jiedushi created in 787 by the Tang dynasty that lasted until the early Northern Song dynasty, when its ruler Li Yuanhao proclaimed himself emperor and established the Western Xia dynasty. Its seat was in modern Yulin, Shaanxi. Its rulers were of Tangut ethnicity starting from Li Sigong (Tuoba Sigong), and they effectively ruled the circuit in de facto independence despite its nominal submission to the central Chinese dynasties. Attempts by the Later Tang and Song dynasty to dislodge the family from its rule of Dingnan Jiedushi were unsuccessful, and the region eventually became the independent dynasty of Western Xia.
Kano Pillars F.C.
Kano Pillars Football Club is a Nigerian professional football club based in Kano, northwestern Nigeria. They play in the Nigeria Professional Football League, the first-tier division in Nigerian football. They play their home games at Sani Abacha Stadium.

Kano Pillars FC was founded in 1990, the year the professional association football league started in Nigeria, and it is also among the oldest clubs in Nigerian history alongside clubs like Bendel Insurance, Shooting Stars, and Enugu Rangers. It was an amalgamation of three amateur clubs in Kano State.

Kano Pillars Football Club is the most popular club in Nigeria. The Pillars drew an average home attendance of 8,894 in the 2023–24 edition of the NPFL, the 2nd highest in the league.

Nigeria Premier Football League
The Nigeria Premier Football League (NPFL) (formerly the Nigeria Professional Football League) is the highest level of club football in Nigerian football league system. The Nigerian Premier League has suffered like many others, from the financial impact and dwindling fortunes since the late 2000s. It is fed into by the Nigeria National League (NNL). It is organized by the Nigeria Premier Football League (NPFL) Board headed by Gbenga Elegbeleye.
Cone of light
The cone of light, or light reflex, is a visible phenomenon which occurs upon examination of the tympanic membrane with an otoscope. Shining light on the tympanic membrane causes a cone-shaped reflection of light to appear in the anterior inferior quadrant. This corresponds to the 4 o'clock to 5 o'clock position in the right eardrum and the 7 o'clock to 8 o'clock position in the left eardrum. The apex of the cone is at the most depressed part of the tympanic membrane, known as the umbo.

Eardrum
In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. Its function is to transmit changes in pressure of sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear, and thence to the oval window in the fluid-filled cochlea. The ear thereby converts and amplifies vibration in the air to vibration in cochlear fluid. The malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles.

Rupture or perforation of the eardrum can lead to conductive hearing loss. Collapse or retraction of the eardrum can cause conductive hearing loss or cholesteatoma.
St Leger Stakes
The St Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 115 yards (2,921 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classic races. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four.

The St Leger is the final leg of the English Triple Crown, which begins with the 2000 Guineas and continues with the Derby. It also completes the Fillies Triple Crown, following on from the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks. The St Leger has rarely featured Triple Crown contenders in recent decades, with the only one in recent years being the 2012 2,000 Guineas and Derby winner Camelot, who finished second in the St Leger.

British Classic Races
The British Classics are five long-standing Group 1 horse races run during the traditional flat racing season. They are restricted to three-year-old horses, and traditionally represent the pinnacle of achievement for racehorses against their own age group. As such, victory in any classic marks a horse as amongst the very best of a generation. Victory in two or even three of the series (a rare feat known as the Triple Crown) marks a horse as truly exceptional.
Level set
In mathematics, a level set of a real-valued function f  of n real variables is a set where the function takes on a given constant value c, that is:

When the number of independent variables is two, a level set is called a level curve, also known as contour line or isoline; so a level curve is the set of all real-valued solutions of an equation in two variables x1 and x2.  When n = 3, a level set is called a level surface (or isosurface); so a level surface is the set of all real-valued roots of an equation in three variables x1, x2 and x3. For higher values of n, the level set is a level hypersurface, the set of all real-valued roots of an equation in n > 3 variables (a higher-dimensional hypersurface).

A level set is a special case of a fiber.

Isosurface
An isosurface is a three-dimensional analog of an isoline.  It is a surface that represents points of a constant value (e.g. pressure, temperature, velocity, density) within a volume of space; in other words, it is a level set of a continuous function whose domain is 3-space.

The term isoline is also sometimes used for domains of more than 3 dimensions.
Olean City School District
The Olean City School District is a public school district located in Olean, New York. It includes two elementary schools, which serve grades Kindergarten-Grade 3:

East View Elementary School (Built in 1973)

Washington West Elementary School (Built in 1960)

There is a middle school known as the Olean Intermediate Middle School, serving grades 4–7. The former Olean Junior High school, now defunct, was built on the site of a former glass factory.

There is one high school known as the Olean High School. The school serves grades 8–12. In 1974, a mass shooting occurred there.

At Olean's population peak in the 1950s, the Olean City School District included 13 schools.

Olean High School
Olean High School is a high school located in Olean, New York, about 65 miles south of Buffalo, New York.

Olean High School was built in 1935 and opened on February 22, 1937. It is known for its athletics programs. It also has numerous clubs, including Model United Nations, DECA, and Interact Club.  It is located within the Oak Hill Park Historic District.
Chief Justice of Ghana
The chief justice of Ghana is the highest-ranking judge of the Supreme Court of Ghana. The chief justice is also the head of the Judiciary of Ghana and is responsible for its administration and supervision. In order of state precedence, the chief justice is the fourth highest official in Ghana.

Supreme Court of Ghana
The Supreme Court of Ghana is the highest judicial body in Ghana. Ghana's 1992 constitution guarantees the independence and separation of the Judiciary from the Legislative and the Executive arms of government.

The Supreme Court of Ghana has the final say on legal matters and can overturn lower court decisions. The Court consists of nine justices and hears cases on a wide range of issues, including criminal law, civil law, and administrative law.
Kajidaikō no Arubaito o Hajimetara Gakuen Ichi no Bishōjo no Kazoku ni Kiniirarechaimashita
Kajidaikō no Arubaito o Hajimetara Gakuen Ichi no Bishōjo no Kazoku ni Kiniirarechaimashita (家事代行のアルバイトを始めたら学園一の美少女の家族に気に入られちゃいました。; lit. "When I Started a Housekeeping Part-Time Job, I Ended Up Being Liked by the Family of the Most Beautiful Girl in School") is a Japanese light novel series written by Shiohon and illustrated by Ell Akino. It was originally serialized as a web novel on the web service Shōsetsuka ni Narō beginning in May 2023, before beginning publication as a light novel under SB Creative's GA Bunko imprint in April 2024. Five volumes have been released as of November 2025. A manga adaptation illustrated by Urua began serialization in ASCII Media Works's Dengeki Daioh magazine in September 2024 and has been compiled into a single tankōbon volume as of July 2025.

Shōsetsuka ni Narō
Shōsetsuka ni Narō (小説家になろう; lit. "Let's Become a Novelist") is a Japanese novel self-publishing website created by Yusuke Umezaki (梅崎 祐輔, Umezaki Yūsuke). It was launched on April 2, 2004. Users can upload their novels free of charge and the novels are also free to read. As of December 2022, the site hosts close to 1,000,000 novels, has over 2,300,000 registered users and it receives over 1 billion page views per month.

Over one hundred novel series uploaded to the site have been acquired by various publishers, such as Log Horizon, serialized from 2010 before being acquired by Enterbrain in 2011, and The Irregular at Magic High School, which was serialized between 2008 and 2011 before being acquired by ASCII Media Works.

Futabasha's light novel imprint Monster Bunko was established on July 30, 2014, which exclusively publishes series that originated on Shōsetsuka ni Narō.
English embassy to Rome (1061)
The English embassy to Rome in 1061 was a deputation sent by king Edward the Confessor to the pope, Nicholas II, to deal with various ecclesiastical matters, particularly the ordination of Giso, Bishop of Wells, Walter, Bishop of Hereford, and Ealdred, Archbishop of York.  They travelled to Rome under the protection of Tostig, earl of Northumbria and his brother Gyrth.  Ealdred was initially refused ordination by the pope because he was adjudged guilty of pluralism and other breaches of canon law, and the embassy received a further setback when they were despoiled by robbers as they began their journey home.  When they returned indignantly to Rome, however, Ealdred was granted the archbishopric after all, and the party was able to make its way home to England with almost all its objectives achieved.

Tostig Godwinson
Tostig Godwinson (c. 1029 – 25 September 1066) was an Anglo-Saxon Earl of Northumbria and brother of King Harold Godwinson. After being exiled by his brother, Tostig supported the Norwegian king Harald Hardrada's invasion of England, and was killed alongside Hardrada at the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066.
Tom Kartsotis
Tom Kartsotis (born 1959) is an American entrepreneur, best known as the founder of the brand development firm  Bedrock Manufacturing Co., which  is named for The Flintstones hometown and was founded in 2003. Kartsotis was also known as the founder and the president of Fossil from 1984 until 2010.

Fossil Group
Fossil Group, Inc., is an American fashion design and manufacturer founded in 1984 by Tom Kartsotis and based in Richardson, Texas. Their brands include Fossil, Relic, Michele Watch, Skagen Denmark, WSI, and Zodiac Watches. Fossil also makes licensed accessories for brands such as BMW, Puma, Emporio Armani, Michael Kors, DKNY, Diesel, Kate Spade New York, Tory Burch, Chaps, and Armani Exchange.

Franco Fogliato, appointed as CEO and member of the Board of Directors on September 18, 2024 replaced Kosta Kartsotis, Former CEO of Fossil Group, Inc. Franco most recently served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Salomon, a division of Amer Sports, Inc. (NYSE: AS), from November 2021 until April 2024.
Secondary color
A secondary color is a color made by mixing two primary colors of a given color model in even proportions. Combining one secondary color and a primary color in the same manner produces a tertiary color. Secondary colors are special in traditional color theory and color science.

Color model
In color science, a color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as tuples of numbers, typically as three or four values or color components. It differs from a color space in that a color model is not absolute, that is, there is no way to map a color within a color model to a point in a color space.

This article describes ways in which human color vision can be modeled, and discusses some of the models in common use.
Kamco
Kamco (Keane Australia Micropayment Consortium Pty Ltd) is the company formed in 2003 to tender for a new public transport ticketing system in Victoria, Australia. It was contracted to provide the Myki ticketing system in 2005. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of the American company Keane, and when the myki contract was awarded it described itself as "an alliance" of Keane Australia, Ascom, ERG and Giesecke & Devrient, with Keane Australia providing "a single point of accountability" for Victoria's Transport Ticketing Authority. ERG was the creator of Metcard.

In 2010, Keane was taken over by NTT Data and in October 2013 Keane Australia changed its name to NTT Data Victorian Ticketing System Pty Ltd.

Transport Ticketing Authority
The Transport Ticketing Authority (TTA) was a statutory authority within the Department of Transport in the State Government of Victoria, Australia. It was established in June 2003 to manage Victoria's interest in the OneLink Metcard public transport ticketing system contract, and to procure and manage the new ticketing system for Victoria, eventually known as myki.

On 10 February 2010, the Minister for Public Transport replaced Gary Thwaites, chief executive of the Transport Ticketing Authority (TTA), with Bernie Carolan, the then head of Metlink.

On 1 January 2013, as the third stage of the implementation of the Public Transport Development Authority Act 2011, Public Transport Victoria assumed the responsibilities of the TTA, which was formally abolished on 1 July 2013.