hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AGC Glass Europe
AGC Glass Europe is an international glass manufacturing group based in Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, and the European branch of the AGC Inc. Group.

AGC Glass Europe currently employs some 14,500 people. Its industrial facilities comprise 18 float glass lines, 10 automotive glass processing centres and more than 100 distribution-processing units in Europe, stretching from Spain to Russia.

AGC Inc.
AGC Inc. (AGC株式会社, AGC kabushiki gaisha), formerly Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.'(旭硝子株式会社), is a Japanese global glass manufacturing company, headquartered in Tokyo. It is the largest glass company in the world and one of the core Mitsubishi companies.

The company is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the TOPIX and Nikkei 225 stock indices.

Asahi Glass was named one of Thomson Reuters Top 100 Global Innovators in 2013.

On July 1, 2018, it was renamed to AGC Inc.
The Pervert's Guide to Cinema
The Pervert's Guide to Cinema is a 2006 documentary directed and produced by Sophie Fiennes, and scripted and presented by Slavoj Žižek. It explores a number of films from a psychoanalytic theoretical perspective.

Fiennes and Žižek released a follow-up, The Pervert's Guide to Ideology on 15 November 2012, with a similar format; Žižek speaks from within reconstructed scenes from films.

The Pervert's Guide to Ideology
The Pervert's Guide to Ideology is a 2012 British documentary film directed by Sophie Fiennes and written and presented by Slovenian philosopher and psychoanalytic theorist Slavoj Žižek. It is a sequel to Fiennes's 2006 documentary The Pervert's Guide to Cinema. Though the film follows the frameworks of its predecessor, this film's emphasis is on ideology itself. Through psychoanalysis Žižek explores "the mechanisms that shape what we believe and how we behave." Among the films explored are Full Metal Jacket and Taxi Driver. The film was released in the United States by Zeitgeist Films in November 2013.
Alnashetri
Alnashetri is an extinct genus of alvarezsauroid coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur known from the early Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian stage) of La Buitrera, Río Negro Province, Argentina. It contains one known species, Alnashetri cerropoliciensis. Its remains were discovered in Candeleros Formation.

Alvarezsauroidea
Alvarezsauroidea (from the Argentine historian, writer and physician Gregorio Álvarez) is a group of small maniraptoran dinosaurs. The group was first formally proposed by Choiniere and colleagues in 2010, to contain the family Alvarezsauridae and non-alvarezsaurid alvarezsauroids, such as Haplocheirus, which is the basalmost of the Alvarezsauroidea (from the Late Jurassic, Asia). The discovery of Haplocheirus extended the stratigraphic evidence for the group Alvarezsauroidea about 63 million years further in the past. The division of Alvarezsauroidea into the Alvarezsauridae and the non-alvarezsaurid alvarezsauroids is based on differences in their morphology, especially in their hand morphology.
Rama Deva Raya
Rama Deva Raya (or Vira Rama Deva Raya) (reigned 1617–1632) ascended the throne after a gruesome war in 1617 as the Emperor of Vijaynagara. In 1614, his father Sriranga II, who was the preceding emperor, and his family were murdered by rival factions headed by Jagga Raya, who was one of their kins. Rama Deva himself was smuggled out of the prison by Yachama Naidu, a faithful commander and the viceroy of earlier emperor Venkata II.

Gobburi Jagga Raya
Gobburi Jagga Raya (reigned February 1615 – 1617) was a de facto Emperor of Vijayanagara on behalf of his adopted nephew named Chenga Raya, a rival claimant to the Vijaynagara thorne. He was the brother of Venkata II's favourite queen Obayamma who was bequeathed the Pulicat region and belonged to the Gobburi family of Nayaks under the Vijayanagar Empire.
Airag Lake
Airag Lake is a lake in Zavkhan, Uvs Province, Mongolia in the Great Lakes Depression. It is in a system of the interconnected lakes: Khar-Us, Khar, Dörgön, and Khyargas.

The lake was in the same basin as the Khyargas Lake in ancient times.

The depth of the lake generally varies with the inflow river flow. The lake flows into Khyargas Lake along a 5 km long, 200–300 m wide canal, which does not freeze in winter.

During the summer the lake warms up almost to the very bottom. Even in winter, the temperature remains fairly constant, 1 - 2.5 °C. Compared to other lakes, the water is not very clear.

Khyargas Nuur
Khyargas Lake (Mongolian: Хяргас нуур) is a salt lake in Khyargas district, Uvs Province, Western Mongolia.

Some sources are using different Khyargas Lake statistics values:

Water level: 1,035.29 m (3,396.6 ft)

Surface area: 1,481.1 km2 (571.9 sq mi)

Average depth: 50.7 m (166 ft)

Volume: 75.2 km3 (18.0 cu mi)

The Khyargas Lake National Park is based on the lake. This protected area was established in 2000 and covers about 3,328 km2. It also includes a freshwater Airag Lake.
Protein structure prediction
Protein structure prediction is the inference of the three-dimensional structure of a protein from its amino acid sequence—that is, the prediction of its secondary and tertiary structure from primary structure. Structure prediction is different from the inverse problem of protein design.

Protein structure prediction is one of the most important goals pursued by computational biology and addresses Levinthal's paradox. Accurate structure prediction has important applications in medicine (for example, in drug design) and biotechnology (for example, in novel enzyme design).

Starting in 1994, the performance of current methods is assessed biennially in the Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction (CASP) experiment. A continuous evaluation of protein structure prediction web servers is performed by the community project Continuous Automated Model EvaluatiOn (CAMEO3D).

Protein secondary structure
Protein secondary structure is the local spatial conformation of the polypeptide backbone excluding the side chains. The two most common secondary structural elements are alpha helices and beta sheets, though beta turns and omega loops occur as well. Secondary structure elements typically spontaneously form as an intermediate before the protein folds into its three dimensional tertiary structure.

Secondary structure is formally defined by the pattern of hydrogen bonds between the amino hydrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms in the peptide backbone. Secondary structure may alternatively be defined based on the regular pattern of backbone dihedral angles in a particular region of the Ramachandran plot regardless of whether it has the correct hydrogen bonds.

The concept of secondary structure was first introduced by Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang at Stanford in 1952. Other types of biopolymers such as nucleic acids also possess characteristic secondary structures.
Differential graded algebra
In mathematics – particularly in homological algebra, algebraic topology, and algebraic geometry – a differential graded algebra (or DGA, or DG algebra) is an algebraic structure often used to capture information about a topological or geometric space. Explicitly, a differential graded algebra is a graded associative algebra with a chain complex structure that is compatible with the algebra structure.

In geometry, the de Rham algebra of differential forms on a manifold has the structure of a differential graded algebra, and it encodes the de Rham cohomology of the manifold. In algebraic topology, the singular cochains of a topological space form a DGA encoding the singular cohomology. Moreover, American mathematician Dennis Sullivan developed a DGA to encode the rational homotopy type of topological spaces.

Graded ring
In mathematics, in particular abstract algebra, a graded ring is a ring such that the underlying additive group is a direct sum of abelian groups  such that ⁠⁠. The index set is usually the set of nonnegative integers or the set of integers, but can be any monoid. The direct sum decomposition is usually referred to as gradation or grading.

A graded module is defined similarly (see below for the precise definition). It generalizes graded vector spaces. A graded module that is also a graded ring is called a graded algebra. A graded ring could also be viewed as a graded ⁠⁠-algebra.

The associativity is not important (in fact not used at all) in the definition of a graded ring; hence, the notion applies to non-associative algebras as well; e.g., one can consider a graded Lie algebra.
Bryconops transitoria
Bryconops transitoria is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Iguanodectidae. This species is found in South America. It is a poorly-studied member of the genus Bryconops with few records and vague distribution accounts, though it is believed to be endemic to the Rio Tapajós. It was originally thought to be a subspecies of congener Bryconops melanurus, but is now accepted as its own species.

Bryconops melanurus
Bryconops melanurus, sometimes called the tail-light tetra, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Iguanodectidae. This species is found in South America. It lives in small schools and is an active swimmer, which means that it requires open space in its habitat, primarily preying on insects. Nonetheless, it does not demonstrate a strong preference for any one biotope within its native range.
Ridgeway Site
The Ridgeway Site (also known as the "Ridgeway Kame" or the "Richardson Kame") is a former archaeological site and burial site in the west-central part of the U.S. state of Ohio. Revealed to be a leading site by the construction of a railroad, it yielded a large and highly informational number of artifacts and buried bodies. It is the type site of the Glacial Kame culture: all other sites of the same culture are measured against it.

Glacial Kame culture
The Glacial Kame culture was a culture of Archaic people in North America that occupied southern Ontario, Michigan, Ohio, and Indiana from around 8000 BC to 1000 BC. The name of this culture derives from its members' practice of burying their dead atop glacier-deposited gravel hills. Among the most common types of artifacts found at Glacial Kame sites are shells of marine animals and goods manufactured from a copper ore, known as float copper.
Brachial artery
The brachial artery is the major blood vessel of the (upper) arm. It is the continuation of the axillary artery beyond the lower margin of teres major muscle. It continues down the ventral surface of the arm until it reaches the cubital fossa at the elbow. It then divides into  the radial and ulnar arteries which run down the forearm. In some individuals, the bifurcation occurs much earlier and the ulnar and radial arteries extend through the upper arm. The pulse of the brachial artery is palpable on the anterior aspect of the elbow, medial to the tendon of the biceps, and, with the use of a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff), often used to measure the blood pressure.

The brachial artery is closely related to the median nerve; in proximal regions, the median nerve is immediately lateral to the brachial artery. Distally, the median nerve crosses the medial side of the brachial artery and lies anterior to the elbow joint.

Ulnar artery
The ulnar artery is the main blood vessel, with oxygenated blood, of the medial aspects of the forearm.  It arises from the brachial artery and terminates in the superficial palmar arch, which joins with the superficial branch of the radial artery.  It is palpable on the anterior and medial aspect of the wrist.

Along its course, it is accompanied by a similarly named vein or veins, the ulnar vein or ulnar veins.

The ulnar artery, the larger of the two terminal branches of the brachial, begins a little below the bend of the elbow in the cubital fossa, and, passing obliquely downward, reaches the ulnar side of the forearm at a point about midway between the elbow and the wrist. It then runs along the ulnar border to the wrist, crosses the transverse carpal ligament on the radial side of the pisiform bone, and immediately beyond this bone divides into two branches, which enter into the formation of the superficial and deep volar arches.
The Beiderbecke Affair
The Beiderbecke Affair is a television series produced in the United Kingdom by ITV during 1985, written by the prolific Alan Plater, whose lengthy credits in British television since the 1960s included the four-part mini series Get Lost! for ITV in 1981. The Beiderbecke Affair has a similar style to Get Lost!, wherein Neville Keaton (Alun Armstrong) and Judy Threadgold (Bridget Turner) played in an ensemble cast. Although The Beiderbecke Affair was intended as a sequel to Get Lost!, Alun Armstrong proved to be unavailable and the premise was reworked. It is the first part of The Beiderbecke Trilogy, with the two sequel series being The Beiderbecke Tapes (1987) and The Beiderbecke Connection (1988).

The Beiderbecke Trilogy
The Beiderbecke Trilogy is a trilogy of television serials written by Alan Plater and made by Yorkshire Television for the ITV network in the United Kingdom between 1984 and 1988. Each serial centres on schoolteachers Trevor Chaplin (James Bolam) and Jill Swinburne (Barbara Flynn), who work at a rundown comprehensive school in Leeds. Woodwork teacher Trevor enjoys football and jazz music whilst English teacher Jill is a political activist concerned with saving the environment.
AdvisorShares
AdvisorShares Investments is a US-based investment management firm based in Bethesda, Maryland which offers actively managed exchange-traded funds (ETFs) through the AdvisorShares Trust. AdvisorShares partners with third party financial advisers who already manage clients’ assets to package their investment strategy using exchange-traded funds. As part of promoting its funds it also provides educational support to help financial advisors and investors understand actively managed ETFs and their underlying investment strategies.

Exchange-traded fund
An exchange-traded fund (ETF) is a type of investment fund that is also an exchange-traded product; i.e., it is bought and sold on stock exchanges. ETFs own financial assets such as stocks, bonds, currencies, debts, futures contracts, and/or commodities such as gold bars. Many ETFs provide some level of diversification compared to owning an individual stock.
Toyota WW engine
The Toyota WW engine family is a series of 16-valve DOHC inline-4 common rail direct injection turbo diesel engines produced by Toyota from 2011 through 2018. These engines are based on the BMW N47, modified for use in Toyota vehicles, starting with the Verso in 2014. This involved the development of a number of new components, including engine mounts, a dual-mass flywheel, a new gearbox housing and gearing and a stop/start system to further improve efficiency and reduce emissions. The WW engine is offered in 1.6-liter (112 PS, 270 Nm) and 2.0-liter (143 PS, 320 Nm) versions.

BMW N47
BMW N47 is a four-cylinder e M47. In 2014 it was replaced with the B47. The USA market never received B47 engine. The only B diesel engine in the US received was the B57 (6 cyl) in the 2018 model 540d. The newest 4 cylinder diesel in the US was N47TU.
Dan Barrett (jazz musician)
Dan Barrett (born December 14, 1955, in Pasadena, California) is an American arranger, cornetist, and trombonist.

The earliest mention of Dan Barrett was in the Melody Maker, 10 February 1973, which reported that he played "Ory's Creole Trombone" at the end of Kid Ory's Funeral on 28 January that year. He also played with Teddy Buckner, Andy Blakeney, and Alton Redd, all members of Ory's band, during the funeral proceedings.

Barrett played valve trombone on the soundtrack to the film, The Cotton Club, in 1984.

In addition to leading a quintet with Howard Alden, Barrett has performed as a sideman with Benny Goodman and Buck Clayton. Barrett is the musical director for Arbors Records in Clearwater, Florida.

Howard Alden
Howard Vincent Alden (born October 17, 1958) is an American jazz guitarist born in Newport Beach, California. Alden has recorded many albums for Concord Records, including four with seven-string guitar innovator George Van Eps.
Al-Halawa
al-Halawi or Khirbet al-Halawa (Arabic: خربة الحلاوة) is a small Palestinian hamlet located in the Masafer Yatta area of the Hebron Governorate, in the southern West Bank. Like other hamlets in Masafer Yatta, it is administered under Palestinian local frameworks but lies within Area C of the West Bank, under direct Israeli civil and military occupation. Residents face ongoing threats of demolition, restricted access to infrastructure, and settler-related attacks.

Masafer Yatta
Masafer Yatta (Arabic: مسافر يطا, also spelled Mosfaret Yatta) is a collection of 19 Palestinian hamlets which comprise a D-level municipality in the southern West Bank, in the Hebron Governorate of Palestine, located between 14 and 24 kilometres (9–15 mi) south of the city of Hebron, in the South Hebron Hills.

It has been subject to being within an Israeli-declared military "firing zone" since the 1970s. The name Masafer is believed to derive from the Arabic words for 'traveling', in light of the distance needed to travel from Yatta, or 'nothing' in light of the local belief that "nothing" would be able to live in the area. The 2024 documentary film No Other Land, winner of the Best Documentary Oscar, focuses on Masafer Yatta.
International Jewish Labor Bund
The International Jewish Labor Bund (ILJB) was a New York-based international Jewish socialist organization, based on the legacy of the General Jewish Labour Bund founded in the Russian empire in 1897 and the Polish Bund that was active in the interwar years. The IJLB is composed of local Bundist groups around the world and was originally created to defend Jewish national-cultural rights in Eastern Europe. It was an "associated organization" of the Socialist International, similar in status to the World Labour Zionist Movement or the International League of Religious Socialists. Bundist ideology differed significantly from Zionist beliefs regarding the Yiddish language and the immigration of Jews. In the mid-2000s, The World Coordinating Committee of the Jewish Labor Bund was dissolved in New York, although local Bundist groups or groups inspired by the Jewish Labor Bund still exist in Mexico and Australia.

Jewish Labour Bund (Australia)
The Jewish Labour Bund (Yiddish: ייִדישער אַרבעטער בונד, romanized: Yidisher Arbeter Bund), more commonly known as the Jewish Labour Bund Melbourne (Yiddish: ייִדישער אַרבעטער בונד מעלבורן, romanized: Yidisher Arbeter Bund Melburn), the Australian Bund, or simply the Bund, is the Australian wing of the Bundist movement. It was a member of the International Jewish Labor Bund, and is the largest and most active Bundist organisation left in the world. The Australian founding of the organisation in 1928 by Jewish Polish immigrants, expanded rapidly after the Second World War with the mass arrival of Holocaust survivors to Australia. The Bund is currently registered in the state of Victoria, where it is legally known as the Jewish Labour Bund, Inc., and is based primarily in the city of Melbourne.
Suinae
Suinae is a subfamily of artiodactyl mammals that includes several of the extant members of Suidae and their closest relatives – the domestic pig and related species, such as babirusas. Several extinct species within the Suidae are classified in subfamilies other than Suinae. However, the classification of the extinct members of the Suoidea – the larger group that includes the Suidae, the peccary family (Tayassuidae), and related extinct species – is controversial, and different classifications vary in the number of subfamilies within Suidae and their contents. Some classifications, such as the one proposed by paleontologist Jan van der Made in 2010, even exclude from Suinae some extant taxa of Suidae, placing these excluded taxa in other subfamilies.

Babirusa
Babirusas, also called deer-pigs (Indonesian: babi rusa), are a genus, Babyrousa, in the swine family found in the Indonesian islands of Sulawesi, Togian, Sula and Buru. Previously all members of this genus were considered part of a single species, B. babyrussa, but in 2002 they were split into several species. The Buru babirusa is now restricted to animals from Buru and Sula, whereas the best-known species, the North Sulawesi babirusa, is named B. celebensis. The males have prominent upwards incurving canine tusks, which pierce the flesh in the snout.

All species of babirusa are listed as threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Bamaga
Bamaga (English: /ˈbæməɡə/ BAM-ə-gə, Kala Lagaw Ya: [ˈbamaɡa]) is an Indigenous town and locality about 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the northern tip of Cape York in the north of Queensland, Australia. It is within the Northern Peninsula Area Region. It is one of the northernmost settlements in continental Australia and is the administrative centre for the Northern Peninsula Area Regional Council.

In the 2021 census, the locality of Bamaga had a population of 1,186 people.

Northern Peninsula Area Region
The Northern Peninsula Area Region is a local government area in Far North Queensland, Australia, covering areas on the northwestern coast of Cape York Peninsula. It was created in March 2008 out of three Aboriginal Shires and two autonomous Island Councils during a period of statewide local government reform.

In the 2021 census, the Northern Peninsula Area Region had a population of 2,781 people.
Distal revascularization and interval ligation
Distal Revascularization and Interval Ligation (DRIL) is a surgical procedure used to treat symptomatic Dialysis Access Steal Syndrome (DASS). The goal of this surgery is to alleviate the symptoms of DASS, such as pain and numbness in the extremity distal to the access, while preserving the access for hemodialysis. The surgeon creates a bypass around the access and ligates the artery just distal to the access anastomosis, thereby preventing retrograde blood flow from the affected limb. This operation is very effective at reducing symptoms, but it carries a risk associated with ligating a native artery.

Vascular access steal syndrome
Vascular access steal syndrome is a syndrome caused by ischemia (not enough blood flow) resulting from a vascular access device (such as an arteriovenous fistula or synthetic vascular graft–AV fistula) that was installed to provide access for the inflow and outflow of blood during hemodialysis.
Battle of Tiruvannamalai
The Battle of Tiruvannamalai is one of the two successful battles fought by the Madras Army in the Carnatic along with the Battle of Chengam. It was fought on 25 September 1767 between the allied forces led by the East India Company against the troops of Hyder Ali. The allied forces of the English army were led by Colonel Smith.

The history of Tiruvannamalai revolves around the Annamalaiyar Temple. The recorded history of the city dates back to the ninth century, as seen from a Chola inscriptions in the temple. After switching hands from various ruling empires like Cholas, Pallavas, Hoysala, Vijayanagar Empire, the town came under the rule of Nawab during the mid of 18th century. Tiruvannamalai was a strategic location between the Northern and Southern Penna rivers. The city was at a strategic crossroads during the Vijayanagara Empire, connecting sacred centers of pilgrimage and military routes.

First Anglo-Mysore War
The First Anglo-Mysore War (1767–1769) was a conflict in India between the Sultanate of Mysore and the East India Company. The war was instigated in part by the machinations of Asaf Jah II, the Nizam of Hyderabad, who sought to divert the company's resources from attempts to gain control over the Northern Circars.