hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Millersville, Pennsylvania
Millersville is a borough in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 7,629 and in 2021 it was estimated at 7,593. Millersville is home to Millersville University of Pennsylvania.

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
Lancaster County (/ˈlæŋkɪstər/), sometimes nicknamed the Garden Spot of America or Pennsylvania Dutch Country, is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 552,984, making it Pennsylvania's sixth-most populous county. Its county seat is also Lancaster. Lancaster County comprises the Lancaster metropolitan statistical area. Lancaster County is a tourist destination with its Amish community being a major attraction. The ancestors of the Amish began to immigrate to colonial Pennsylvania in the early 18th century to take advantage of the religious freedom offered by William Penn, as well as the area's rich soil and mild climate. They were joined by French Huguenots fleeing the religious persecution of Louis XIV. There were also significant numbers of English, Welsh and Ulster Scots (also known as the Scotch-Irish in the colonies). The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
Spetzgart Castle
Spetzgart Castle (German: Schloss Spetzgart) is a building complex dating back to the Staufer period, which is located in the Hödingen district of Überlingen, Germany. It is currently a campus for the students in grades 10PLUS and 11 of Schule Schloss Salem. The school has been using the castle since May 3rd, 1929. The castle and the surrounding residential buildings form the residential area of Spetzgart.

Schule Schloss Salem
Schule Schloss Salem (Anglicisation: School of Salem Castle) is a private boarding school with campuses at Salem and Überlingen in Baden-Württemberg, Southern Germany.

It offers the German Abitur and the International Baccalaureate (IB). With service-oriented programs like a fire brigade and a THW (Technical Support Organisation), the school seeks to offer education on a social as well as an academic level.

The school was established in 1920 by educator Kurt Hahn with the support of Prince Maximilian of Baden, and it was co-educational from the start. During the period of the Third Reich, Hahn, who was Jewish, was forced to emigrate to Scotland, where he founded the British Salem School of Gordonstoun and subsequently the Outward Bound organisation and the United World Colleges.
Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway
The Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway (BAGS) (Spanish: Ferrocarril del Sud) was one of the Big Four broad gauge, 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm), British-owned companies that built and operated railway networks in Argentina. The company was founded by Edward Lumb in 1862 and the first general manager was Edward Banfield after whom the Buenos Aires suburban station of Banfield was named, when it opened in 1873. After president Juan Perón nationalised the Argentine railway network in 1948, it became part of the state-owned company Ferrocarril General Roca.

Railway nationalisation in Argentina
The railway nationalisation in Argentina occurred on 1 March 1948, during President Juan Perón's first term of office, when the seven British- and three French-owned railway companies then operating in Argentina were purchased by the state. These companies, together with those that were already state-owned, where grouped, according to their track gauge and locality, into a total of six state-owned companies which later became divisions of the state-owned holding company Ferrocarriles Argentinos.
Jimmy Herring
Jimmy Herring (born January 22, 1962) is an American guitarist, known as the lead guitarist for the band Widespread Panic since 2006. He is a founding member of Aquarium Rescue Unit and Jazz Is Dead and has played with The Allman Brothers Band, Project Z, Derek Trucks Band, Phil Lesh and Friends, and The Dead.

Col. Bruce Hampton and the Aquarium Rescue Unit
Col. Bruce Hampton and the Aquarium Rescue Unit was a jam band founded by Col. Bruce Hampton. The band gained popularity in the Atlanta club scene in the early 1990s and went on to tour with the first H.O.R.D.E. Tour. During their formative years, the band was composed of Bruce Hampton, Oteil Burbridge, Jimmy Herring, Jeff Sipe, Matt Mundy, and Count M'Butu. Jeff Mosier and Charlie Williams were members of the band during the early years, but left to pursue other endeavors. Although the band was never commercially successful, their combination of bluegrass, rock, Latin, blues, jazz, funk, and impeccable chops became a template for future bands.
1983 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game
The 1983 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game was a postseason college football game between the Southern Illinois Salukis and the Western Carolina Catamounts. The game was played on December 17, 1983, at Johnson Hagood Stadium in Charleston, South Carolina. The culminating game of the 1983 NCAA Division I-AA football season, it was won by Southern Illinois, 43–7.

1983 NCAA Division I-AA football season
The 1983 NCAA Division I-AA football season, part of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the Division I-AA level, began in August 1983, and concluded with the 1983 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game on December 17, 1983, at Johnson Hagood Stadium in Charleston, South Carolina. The Southern Illinois Salukis won their first I-AA championship, defeating the Western Carolina Catamounts by a score of 43−7.
Facial nerve
The facial nerve, also known as the seventh cranial nerve, cranial nerve VII, or simply CN VII, is a cranial nerve that emerges from the pons of the brainstem, controls the muscles of facial expression, and functions in the conveyance of taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The nerve typically travels from the pons through the facial canal in the temporal bone and exits the skull at the stylomastoid foramen. It arises from the brainstem from an area posterior to the cranial nerve VI (abducens nerve) and anterior to cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve).

The facial nerve also supplies preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to several head and neck ganglia.

The facial and intermediate nerves can be collectively referred to as the nervus intermediofacialis.

Facial muscles
The facial muscles are a group of striated skeletal muscles supplied by the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) that, among other things, control facial expression.  These muscles are also called mimetic muscles. They are only found in mammals, although they derive from neural crest cells found in all vertebrates. They are the only muscles that attach to the dermis.
Knight Marischal
The office of Knight Marischal was first created for the Scottish coronation of Charles I in 1633, at Scone. Unlike the separate office of Marischal, the office of Knight Marischal is not heritable, and has continued to be filled up to the death of the 11th Duke of Hamilton in 1863. The office is vacant but has not been abolished.

At the time of the Jacobite rising of 1715, the Knight Marischal was a Keith, and with his kinsman George, the 10th Earl Marischal, was in rebellion. However, as the office is non-heritable, it could not be forfeited, although the holder was stripped of office.

The salary attached to the post was £400 in 1660. The Public Offices (Scotland) Act 1817 provided that no person thereafter appointed as Knight Marshall should receive a salary.

William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton
William Alexander Archibald Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton and 8th Duke of Brandon (19 February 1811 – 8 July 1863) styled Earl of Angus and Arran before 1819 and Marquess of Douglas and Clydesdale between 1819 and 1852, was a Scottish nobleman and the Premier Peer of Scotland.
Susan Ahn Cuddy
Susan Ahn Cuddy (Korean: 안수산, Hanja: 安繡山; January 16, 1915 – June 24, 2015) was the first female gunnery officer in the United States Navy. She was the eldest daughter of Korean independence activist Ahn Chang-ho and Helen Ahn, the first married Korean couple to immigrate to the United States in 1902. She joined the Navy in 1942 and served until 1946, reaching the rank of lieutenant. She was the first Asian-American woman to join the U.S. Navy and the first Korean-American in U.S. Naval Intelligence.

Ahn Chang Ho
Ahn Chang Ho (Korean: 안창호; Hanja: 安昌浩; November 9, 1878 – March 10, 1938), sometimes An Chang-ho, was a prominent Korean politician, Korean independence activist, and an early leader of the Korean-American immigrant community in the United States. He is also commonly referred to by his art name Dosan (도산; 島山; [tosʰan]).

He and his wife were the first Koreans to legally immigrate to the US as a married couple. Ahn was a Protestant social activist who in 1907 established the later prominent Korean independence organization Shinminhoe when he returned to Korea from the US. He also established the Young Korean Academy in San Francisco in 1913, and was a key founding member of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea in Shanghai in 1919. He is also one of two men believed to have written the lyrics of the South Korean national anthem, "Aegukga".
Beta-mannosidosis
Beta-mannosidosis, also called lysosomal beta-mannosidase deficiency, is a disorder of oligosaccharide metabolism caused by decreased activity of the enzyme beta-mannosidase.  This enzyme is coded for by the gene MANBA, located at 4q22-25. Beta-mannosidosis is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.  Affected individuals appear normal at birth, and can have a variable clinical presentation.  Infantile onset forms show severe neurodegeneration, while some children have intellectual disability.  Hearing loss and angiokeratomas are common features of the disease.

Β-Mannosidase
β-Mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.25}, mannanase, mannase, β-D-mannosidase, β-mannoside mannohydrolase, exo-β-D-mannanase, lysosomal β A mannosidase) is an enzyme  with systematic name β-D-mannoside mannohydrolase, which is in humans encoded by the MANBA gene. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing β-D-mannose residues in β-D-mannosides

This gene encodes a member of the glycosyl hydrolase 2 family. The encoded protein localizes to the lysosome where it is the final exoglycosidase in the pathway for N-linked glycoprotein oligosaccharide catabolism. Mutations in this gene are associated with β-mannosidosis, a lysosomal storage disease that has a wide spectrum of neurological involvement.
Rugby League Tri-Nations
The Rugby League Tri-Nations (known as the Gillette Tri-Nations for sponsorship reasons) was a rugby league tournament involving the top three teams in the sport: Australia, Great Britain and New Zealand and is the predecessor of today's Rugby League Four Nations.

First contested in 1999 (as the Tri-Series), it is a logical continuation of the format originally used for the Rugby League World Cup in which the best teams in the world play in a round-robin tournament leading to the two top teams contesting a final. The World Cup itself is now contested by a much larger number of nations. Four Tri-Nations tournaments were held before 2009 when the competition was replaced by a Four Nations series.

Rugby League Four Nations
The Rugby League Four Nations was a rugby league football tournament run in partnership between Australia, England, New Zealand, and a guest nation which changed with every edition.

The tournament replaced the previous Tri-Nations format by including a fourth nation that qualifies by winning their respective regional competition in a rotation between Europe and the South Pacific.
Sindhudesh Revolutionary Army
The Sindhudesh Revolutionary Army (Sindhi: سنڌوديش جي انقلابي فوج, romanized: Sindhudesh je Inqlabi Foj) abbreviated as SRA, is a Sindhi nationalist-separatist militant organization based in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is supported, armed and financed by Baloch nationalist groups (such as the Baloch Raaji Aajoi Sangar, Balochistan Liberation Army, and Balochistan Liberation Front) as an organization for proxy warfare and instability in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It commonly targets and attacks infrastructure projects and economic infrastructure in Sindh, especially infrastructure linked to Chinese companies or individuals.

Baloch Raaji Aajoi Sangar
The Baloch Raaji Aajoi Sangar (Balochi: بلوچ راجی آجوی سنگر, romanized: Baloch Rāji Āājoi Sangar lit. 'Baloch National Freedom Movement'), abbreviated as BRAS or BNFM, is a united front of Baloch separatist groups aimed at the creation of a sovereign Balochistan. It includes several prominent Baloch armed groups, most notably the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) and Balochistan Liberation Front (BLF). The group was founded in November 2018 by Allah Nazar Baloch, leader of the BLF. The BRAS was formed to fight Pakistan's administration of Balochistan.
Greengold Liners F.C.
Greengold Liners, known currently for sponsorship reasons as NBPOL Greengold Liners (New Britain Palm Oil Limited) and sometimes by their short name, Greengold FC, is an association football club based in New Britain, Papua New Guinea.

Founded in 2018, the club competed in the Islands Conference of the 2019 Papua New Guinea National Soccer League, making their debut in the competition.

2019 Papua New Guinea National Soccer League
The 2019 Papua New Guinea National Soccer League, known for sponsorship reasons as the Kumul Petroleum Holdings Limited National Soccer League, was the 13th edition of Papua New Guinea National Soccer League, the top-tier football league in Papua New Guinea. It started on 26 January 2019. Toti City F.C. were the defending champions.

The title was won by Toti City, who picked up their fifth title after defeating eight-time champions Hekari United in the final on penalties.
K League decentralization policy
The K League decentralization policy in 1995 was a policy of moving K League clubs located in Seoul to other regions. It was an effort by the Government of South Korea and the K League Federation to increase popularity of football nationwide before the 2002 FIFA World Cup for which they bid. In accordance with it, the three K League clubs, Yukong Elephants, Ilhwa Chunma and LG Cheetahs, moved from Seoul to Bucheon, Cheonan and Anyang, respectively, in 1996.

Seongnam FC
Seongnam Football Club (Korean: 성남 FC) is a South Korean professional football club based in Seongnam that competes in the K League 2, the second tier of South Korean football. It is one of the most successful clubs in South Korea and the Asian Football Confederation, having won seven K League 1 titles and 2 AFC Champions League titles.
Adolf Jellinek
Adolf Jellinek (Hebrew: אהרן ילינק Aharon Jelinek; 26 June 1821 in Drslavice, Moravia – 28 December 1893 in Vienna) was an Austrian rabbi and scholar. After filling clerical posts in Leipzig (1845–1856), he became a preacher at the Leopoldstädter Tempel in Vienna in 1856.

Leopoldstädter Tempel
The Leopoldstädter Tempel, also known as the Israelitische Bethaus in der Wiener Vorstadt Leopoldstadt, (lit. "Israelite prayer house in the Vienna suburb of Leopoldstadt") was a Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on Tempelgasse 5, in Leopoldstadt, in the 2nd district of Vienna, Austria. Completed in 1858, the synagogue was destroyed as a result of Kristallnacht. A monument marks the location of the former synagogue.
Musa Didam
Musa Didam (14 April 1933 – 6 November 2018) was a former District Head of the Fantswam (Kafanchan Kewaye) District, then in the Jama'a Emirate and later the first indigenous monarch of Fantswam (Kafanchan) Chiefdom, a Nigerian traditional state in southern Kaduna State, Nigeria. He was also known by the titles "Mallam Musa Didam," "Mr. Musa Didam" and "Agwam Fantswam I."

Kafanchan
Kafanchan (Tyap: Fantswam; Nikyob: Manɡyanɡ) is a town located in the southern part of Kaduna State, Nigeria. The town owes much of its development to the railway development in the area. The railway is situated at a particular junction of the Nigerian Railway Corporation (NRC) station built in 1927. It sits on the railtrack connecting Port Harcourt, Enugu, Kafanchan, Kuru, Bauchi and finally Maiduguri.
As of 2007, Kafanchan had an estimated population of 83,092.
Truro Cathedral
The Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a Church of England cathedral in the city of Truro, Cornwall. It was built between 1880 and 1910 to a Gothic Revival design by John Loughborough Pearson on the site of the parish church of St Mary.

Diocese of Truro
The Diocese of Truro (established 1876) is a Church of England diocese in the Province of Canterbury which covers Cornwall, the Isles of Scilly and a small part of Devon. The bishop's seat is at Truro Cathedral.
Kinglake West
Kinglake West is a town in Victoria, Australia, 45 km (28 mi) north-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Whittlesea and the Shires of Murrindindi and Nillumbik local government areas. Kinglake West recorded a population of 1,305 at the 2021 census.

The town was substantially damaged in the 2009 Black Saturday bushfires, including 10 fatalities.

Black Saturday bushfires
The Black Saturday bushfires were a series of bushfires that either ignited or were already burning across the Australian state of Victoria on Saturday, 7 February 2009, and was one of Australia's all-time worst bushfire disasters. The fires occurred during extreme bushfire weather conditions and resulted in Australia's highest-ever loss of human life from a bushfire, with 173 fatalities. Many people were left homeless and without families as a result.

As many as 400 individual fires were recorded on Saturday 7 February; the day has become widely referred to in Australia as Black Saturday.

Then Deputy Prime Minister Julia Gillard described Black Saturday as "a tragedy beyond belief, beyond precedent and beyond words … one of the darkest days in Australia’s peacetime history."

The 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission, headed by Justice Bernard Teague, was held in response to the bushfires.
Vyazma constituency
The Vyazma constituency (No.168) was a Russian legislative constituency in Smolensk Oblast in 1993–2007. It was based in rural central and eastern Smolensk Oblast. The seat was last occupied by United Russia deputy Viktor Derenkovsky, a businessman, who won the open-seat race in the 2003 election.

The constituency was dissolved in 2007 when State Duma adopted full proportional representation for the next two electoral cycles. Vyazma constituency was not re-established for the 2016 election, currently its former territory is split between Smolensk constituency (northern part) and Roslavl constituency (southern part).

Smolensk constituency
The Smolensk constituency (No. 175) is a Russian legislative constituency in Smolensk Oblast. The constituency covers north part of Smolensk and northern Smolensk Oblast, including Vyazma, Safonovo, Gagarin and Yartsevo.

The constituency has been represented since 2016 by United Russia deputy Sergey Neverov, six-term State Duma member, who served as Deputy Chairman of the Duma in 2011–2020 and 2021–2026 as well as United Russia faction chairman in 2017–2021.
The School for Moral Ambition
The School for Moral Ambition is a Dutch non-profit foundation cofounded, in 2024, by the author Rutger Bregman, Harald Dunnink, Jan-Willem van Putten, Julia van Boven and Ruben Timmerman.

Bregman's most recent book, Moral Ambition, challenges conventional career success metrics (such as high salaries and prestigious titles) and urges professionals to redirect their talents toward addressing pressing global issues like climate change, inequality, and pandemics.

Bregman stated he is legally bound to donate all proceeds from the book to this non-profit foundation. Bregman also stated that he has stepped down from the board of the foundation, and no longer has direct control over spending decisions, to avoid any conflict of interest.

Rutger Bregman
Rutger Christiaan Bregman (born 26 April 1988) is a Dutch historian and author.

Bregman published four books, most notably Utopia for Realists, which has been translated into thirty-two languages. His work has been featured in The Washington Post, The Guardian and by the BBC. He has been described by The Guardian as the "Dutch wunderkind of new ideas" and by TED Talks as "one of Europe's most prominent young thinkers". His TED Talk, "Poverty Isn't a Lack of Character; It's a Lack of Cash", was chosen by TED curator Chris Anderson as one of the top ten of 2017.
Kupup
Kupup is a hamlet in the Indian state of Sikkim near the border with China. It lies in a transverse valley below the Dongkya Range, close to the Jelep La pass. A nearby moraine ridge across the valley forms part of the watershed between the Teesta and Dichu river basins. To the southeast of the ridge is the lake Bitang Tso, also called the Elephant Lake or Kupup Lake, from which the Dichu river is conventionally believed to originate.

Beyond the valley of Dichu to the east is the Mount Gipmochi, which China claims as the trijunction between India, Bhutan and itself, but this is disputed by Bhutan and India. The Doka La pass, next to Gipmochi where India has a border outpost, is accessed from Kupup via a border road.

Gipmochi
Gipmochi (Gyemo Chen or Gamochen, 'The Great Queen') is a mountain in the Lower Himalayas in south central Asia. Rising to a height of 14,523 feet (4,427 m), the mountain sits on the border between the northern Indian state of Sikkim and Bhutan. China claims Gipmochi as the China–India–Bhutan tri-junction point. Bhutan and India, however, claim that the tri-junction is 6.5 km to the north, at Batang La.
M8 motorway (Scotland)
The M8 is the busiest motorway in Scotland. It connects the country's two largest cities, Glasgow and Edinburgh, and serves other large communities including Airdrie, Coatbridge, Greenock, Livingston and Paisley. The motorway is 60 miles (97 km) long. A major construction project to build the final section between Newhouse and Baillieston was completed on 30 April 2017.  The motorway has one service station, Heart of Scotland Services, previously named Harthill due to its proximity to the village.

Harthill, Scotland
Harthill is a rural village split between North Lanarkshire and West Lothian in Scotland, with most of the village in North Lanarkshire. It is located about halfway between Glasgow, 21 miles (34 kilometres) to the west, and Edinburgh, 25 miles (40 km) to the east. It lies on the River Almond about 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) west of the small town of Whitburn. The closest major towns are Bathgate, 6 miles (9.7 km) away, and Livingston, 10 miles (16 km) away. Major towns within North Lanarkshire, such as Wishaw, Airdrie, Motherwell, Coatbridge and Bellshill are all around 10 to 15 miles (15 to 25 km) to the west. The M8 motorway bypasses the village as does the village's service station.
Curio, Ticino
Curio is a former municipality in the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 6 April 2025, the former municipalities of Astano, Bedigliora, Curio, Miglieglia and Novaggio merged to form the new municipality of Lema.

Bedigliora
Bedigliora is a former municipality in the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 6 April 2025, the former municipalities of Astano, Bedigliora, Curio, Miglieglia and Novaggio merged to form the new municipality of Lema.