hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solar Entertainment
Solar Entertainment Corporation (also known as Solar Entertainment, and simply known as Solar or SEC) is a Filipino media company based in Makati, Philippines. Founded and owned by the brothers Wilson, William and Willy Tieng, Solar Entertainment operates three digital free-to-air channels and one cable channel. Solar also owns a film distribution company (Solar Pictures) and defunct freemium digital television service (Easy TV Home).

Solar Entertainment owns and operates three digital TV channels: SolarFlix, Solar Sports, and Solar Learning. It also owns television network Southern Broadcasting Network (SBN).

Solar Entertainment formerly owns Nine Media Corporation, a Solar's former broadcast media firm, which privatized Radio Philippines Network (RPN) in 2011. NMC and RPN are currently owned by ALC Group of Companies and operates RPTV, a free-to-air channel in partnership with TV5 Network.

Nine Media Corporation
Nine Media Corporation (NMC, formerly known as Solar Television Network, Inc. or STVNI) is a Philippine-based media company. Formerly a wholly owned subsidiary of  Solar Entertainment Corporation (SEC), a multimedia television and film company owned by Tieng family, it is now solely owned by the ALC Group of Companies through its indirect parent Broadreach Media Holdings, Inc. Its headquarters are located at the ground floor of Worldwide Corporate Center, EDSA corner Shaw Boulevard, Mandaluyong.

NMC owns and operates its sole television property RPTV (joint venture with TV5 Network) and also a 34% controlling share in the Radio Philippines Network (RPN).
Xingqi (circulating breath)
xingqi (Chinese: 行氣; trans. "circulating qi / breath") is a group of breath-control techniques that have been developed and practiced from the Warring States period (c. 475-221 BCE) to the present. Examples include Traditional Chinese medicine, Daoist meditation, daoyin breathing calisthenics, taixi embryonic breathing, neidan internal alchemy, neigong internal exercises, qigong deep-breathing exercises, and taijiquan slow-motion martial art. Since the polysemous keyword qi can mean natural "breath; air" and/or alleged supernatural "vital breath; life force", xingqi signifies "circulating breath" in meditational contexts or "activating vital breath" in medical contexts.

Taoist meditation
Taoist meditation (/ˈdaʊɪst/, /ˈtaʊ-/), also spelled Daoist (/ˈdaʊ-/), refers to the traditional meditative practices associated with the Chinese philosophy and religion of Taoism, including concentration, mindfulness, contemplation, and visualization. The earliest Chinese references to meditation date from the Warring States period (475–221 BCE).

Traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese martial arts have adapted certain Daoist meditative techniques. Some examples are Daoyin "guide and pull" breathing exercises, Neidan "internal alchemy" techniques, Neigong "internal skill" practices, Qigong breathing exercises, Zhan zhuang "standing like a post" techniques. The opposite direction of adoption has also taken place, when the martial art of Taijiquan, "great ultimate fist", became one of the practices of modern Daoist monks, while historically it was not among traditional techniques.
DVD-RAM
DVD-RAM (DVD Random Access Memory) is a DVD-based disc specification presented in 1996 by the DVD Forum, which specifies rewritable DVD-RAM media and the appropriate DVD writers. DVD-RAM media have been used in computers as well as camcorders and personal video recorders since 1998.

In May 2019, Panasonic, the only remaining manufacturer of DVD-RAM discs, announced that it would end production of DVD-RAM media by the end of that month, citing shrinking demand as the primary motivation. Panasonic made these discs under its own brand name and also under other brands such as Verbatim. The only other manufacturer to produce DVD-RAM discs was Maxell.

The "RAM" in its name is related to random-access memory that computers use as main memory, not in the technology but in sense that it can be used as a random-access memory unit rather than a sequential-access memory unit such as a magnetic tape drive.

Optical disc drive
In computing, an optical disc drive (ODD) is a disc drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic waves within or near the visible light spectrum as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical discs. Some drives can only read from certain discs, while other drives can both read and record. Those drives are called burners or writers since they physically burn the data onto the discs. Compact discs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs are common types of optical media which can be read and recorded by such drives.

Although most laptop manufacturers no longer have optical drives bundled with their products, external drives are still available for purchase separately.
Sender Freies Berlin
Sender Freies Berlin (German: [ˈzɛndɐ ˈfʁaɪəs bɛʁˈliːn] ⓘ; abbreviated SFB [ˌɛsʔɛfˈbeː] ⓘ; English: "Radio Free Berlin") was the ARD public radio and television service for Berlin from 1 June 1954 until 30 April 2003. On 1 January 1992, SFB became the public broadcaster for the whole of reunited Berlin. However, SFB had long had a significant audience in East Berlin for some time before German reunification. On 1 May 2003 it merged with Ostdeutscher Rundfunk Brandenburg to form Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg.

Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg
Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg (pronounced [ˈʁʊntfʊŋk bɛʁˌliːn ˈbʁandn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ; "Berlin-Brandenburg Broadcasting"), commonly shortened to RBB (pronounced [ˌɛʁbeːˈbeː] ⓘ; stylized as rbb), is an institution under public law (national broadcaster) for the German states of Berlin and Brandenburg, based in Berlin and Potsdam. RBB was established on 1 May 2003 through the merger of Sender Freies Berlin (SFB) and Ostdeutscher Rundfunk Brandenburg (ORB), based in Potsdam, and is a member of the Association of PSBs in the Federal Republic of Germany (ARD).

Aside from its two main studios in Berlin and Potsdam, RBB also has regional studios in Cottbus and Frankfurt (Oder), and regional offices in Perleberg and Prenzlau. RBB also operates ARD's studio in Warsaw; the responsibility changes every five years between RBB and WDR (Westdeutscher Rundfunk).  RBB also plays out ARD's digital channels from a center in Potsdam. RBB and WDR are jointly responsible for ARD's television studio in Berlin.
Chiricahua
Chiricahua (/ˌtʃɪrɪˈkɑːwə/ CHIRR-i-KAH-wə) is a band of Apache Native Americans.

Based in the Southern Plains and Southwestern United States, the Chiricahua historically shared a common area, language, customs, and intertwined family relations with their fellow Apaches. At the time of European contact, they had a territory of 15 million acres (61,000 km2) in Southwestern New Mexico and Southeastern Arizona in the United States and in Northern Sonora and Chihuahua in Mexico.

Today Chiricahua live in Northern Mexico and in the United States where they are primarily enrolled in three federally recognized tribes: the Fort Sill Apache Tribe, located near Apache, Oklahoma, with a small reservation outside Deming, New Mexico; the Mescalero Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Reservation near Ruidoso, New Mexico; and the San Carlos Apache Tribe in southeastern Arizona.

Mescalero
Mescalero or Mescalero Apache (Mescalero-Chiricahua: Naa'dahéńdé) is an Apache tribe of Southern Athabaskan–speaking Native Americans. The tribe is federally recognized as the Mescalero Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Apache Reservation, located in south-central New Mexico.

In the 19th century, the Mescalero opened their reservation to other Apache tribes, such as the Mimbreno (Chíhéńde, Warm Springs Apaches) and the Chiricahua (Shá’i’áńde or Chidikáágu). Some Lipan Apache (Tú’édįnéńde and Túntsańde) also joined the reservation. Their descendants are enrolled in the Mescalero Apache Tribe.
Paul Siple
Paul Allman Siple (/ˈsaɪpəl/ SIGH-p'l; December 18, 1908 – November 25, 1968) was an American Antarctic explorer and geographer who took part in six Antarctic expeditions, including the two Byrd expeditions of 1928–1930 and 1933–1935, representing the Boy Scouts of America as an Eagle Scout. Siple was also a Sea Scout.  His first and third books covered these adventures. With Charles F. Passel he developed the wind chill factor, a term coined by Siple.

Richard E. Byrd
Richard Evelyn Byrd Jr. (October 25, 1888 – March 11, 1957) was an American naval officer, and pioneering aviator, polar explorer, and organizer of polar logistics. Aircraft flights in which he served as a navigator and expedition leader crossed the Atlantic Ocean, a segment of the Arctic Ocean, and a segment of the Antarctic Plateau. He is also known for discovering Mount Sidley, the largest dormant volcano in Antarctica.

Byrd claimed to be the first to reach both the North and South Poles by air. However, there is some controversy as to whether he was actually the first person to reach the North Pole. It is generally believed that the distance he claimed to have flown was longer than the possible fuel range of his airplane.

He was a recipient of the Medal of Honor, the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration, and the Navy Cross, the second highest honor for valor given by the U.S. Navy.
China Aviation Industry Corporation I
China Aviation Industry Corporation  I (AVIC I) was a Chinese consortium of aircraft manufacturers. The consortium was created on 1 July 1999 by splitting the state-owned consortium Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC) into AVIC I and AVIC II. AVIC I was historically focused on large planes such as bombers (Xian H-6, Xian JH-7), medium commercial planes (ARJ21), or fighter planes (J-7, J-8, J-10, J-11 and JF-17), while AVIC II was focused on smaller planes and helicopters. On 28 October 2008, the companies officially consolidated back into one organization to more efficiently manage resources and avoid redundant projects.

China Aviation Industry Corporation II
China Aviation Industry Corporation II (AVIC II) was a Chinese consortium of aircraft manufacturers. The consortium was created on July 1, 1999, by splitting the state-owned consortium China Aviation Industry Corporation (AVIC) into AVIC I and AVIC II. AVIC I was mainly focused on large planes, while AVIC II was mainly focused on smaller planes, such as trainers (JL-8, utility aircraft (licensed version of Cessna 208 Caravan), L-15, and CJ-6), small passenger airliners (Harbin Y-12), medium range transport aircraft (Y-8), and helicopters (Z-8, Z-9, WZ-10 and Z-11). On October 28, 2008, the companies officially consolidated back into one organization to more efficiently manage resources and avoid redundant projects.
Thalainagaram 2
Thalainagaram 2 (transl. Capital city 2) is a 2023 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by V. Z. Durai. It stars Sundar C and Pallak Lalwani with Thambi Ramaiah, Prabhakar, Aayira, Jaise Jose, Vishal Rajan and Seran Raj in supporting roles.

The film is a standalone sequel to the 2006 film Thalai Nagaram.

Thalai Nagaram
Thalai Nagaram (transl. Capital city) is a 2006 Indian Tamil-language gangster action film written and directed by Suraj and produced by V. Ravichandran. The film stars Sundar C in his lead acting debut and Jyothirmayi, while Vadivelu, Prakash Raj, Judo. K. K. Rathnam, K. S. Ravikumar, and Bose Venkat play supporting roles. The soundtrack was composed by D. Imman, cinematography was handled by K. S. Selvaraj and editing by Mu. Kasi Viswanath.

The film is a unofficial remake of the 1991 Malayalam film Abhimanyu, The film tells the story of a man who sacrifices his life to kick out gangsters who ruin other's lives.

The film was followed by Naai Sekar Returns (2022), a comedy spin-off of Vadivelu's character in the film, and a standalone sequel Thalainagaram 2 (2023).
GazoPa
GazoPa was an image search engine that used features from an image to search for and identify similar images which closed in 2011.

GazoPa began in TechCrunch50 in 2008 before launching into a state of open beta in 2009. GazoPa branched out and released a flower photo community site called "GazoPa Bloom" in 2010. This site was for exploring flower images and, if users need help identifying a flower, uploading images for other people try to identify them.

Both sites closed to the public in 2011 when the company decided to focus on other areas of their business.

Content-based image retrieval
Content-based image retrieval, also known as query by image content (QBIC) and content-based visual information retrieval (CBVIR), is the application of computer vision techniques to the image retrieval problem, that is, the problem of searching for digital images in large databases (see this survey for a scientific overview of the CBIR field). Content-based image retrieval is opposed to traditional concept-based approaches (see Concept-based image indexing).

"Content-based" means that the search analyzes the contents of the image rather than the metadata such as keywords, tags, or descriptions associated with the image. The term "content" in this context might refer to colors, shapes, textures, or any other information that can be derived from the image itself.  CBIR is desirable because searches that rely purely on metadata are dependent on annotation quality and completeness.
Marton–New Plymouth line
The Marton–New Plymouth line (MNPL) is a secondary railway in the North Island of New Zealand, linking the Taranaki and Manawatū-Whanganui regions. It diverges from the North Island Main Trunk (NIMT) at Marton and follows the South Taranaki Bight along the west coast before turning inland to meet the Stratford–Okahukura Line (SOL) at Stratford, continuing on to New Plymouth.

Construction of the line was completed in 1885. With the completion of the SOL in 1933, the combined route provided an alternative western connection to the NIMT—though this role diminished when the SOL was mothballed in 2010. In its early years, the MNPL hosted the New Plymouth Express, the North Island’s first regional express service. Following the withdrawal of passenger services in 1977, the line has been used exclusively for freight.

Stratford–Okahukura line
The Stratford–Okahukura Line (SOL) is a 144 km (89 mi) secondary railway in New Zealand’s North Island, linking the Marton–New Plymouth line (MNPL) with the North Island Main Trunk (NIMT). Traversing steep and rugged terrain, the line features 24 tunnels, 91 bridges, and gradients as steep as 1 in 50 (2%). It once served 15 intermediate stations along its length.

Near Okahukura, the line crosses the Ongarue River via an unusual combined road-rail bridge, with a single-lane road deck situated beneath the railway track. Although the line is currently out of service, it is under a 30-year lease for a tourism-based venture. In July 2019, KiwiRail’s CEO named its reopening a priority, and in May 2021, Minister of Transport Michael Wood included the line in a 10-year government rail investment plan that outlined possible restoration.
Baidya
Baidya or Vaidya is a Bengali Hindu community located in the Bengal region of Indian subcontinent. A caste (jāti) of Ayurvedic physicians, the Baidyas have long had pre-eminence in society alongside Brahmins and Kayasthas. In the colonial era, the Bhadraloks were drawn primarily, but not exclusively, from these three upper castes, who continue to maintain a collective hegemony in West Bengal.

Bengali Brahmin
Bengali Brahmins are the community of Hindu Brahmins, who traditionally reside in the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent, comprising the Indian state of West Bengal and the country of Bangladesh.

The Bengali Brahmins, along with Baidyas and Kayasthas, are regarded among the three traditional higher castes of Bengal. In the colonial era the Bhadraloks of Bengal were primarily, not exclusively, drawn from these three castes.
29th Battalion (Australia)
The 29th Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army. First formed in 1915 for service during the First World War as part of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF), it fought in the trenches of the Western Front in France and Belgium before being disbanded in late 1918 to provide reinforcements for other heavily depleted Australian units. In 1921, following the demobilisation of the AIF, the battalion was re-raised as a unit of Australia's part-time military forces, based in Melbourne, Victoria, before being amalgamated with the 22nd Battalion in 1930. It was later re-raised in its own right and, following the outbreak of the Second World War,  undertook garrison duties in Australia before being amalgamated with the 46th Battalion to form the 29th/46th Battalion in late 1942, subsequently seeing service against the Japanese in New Guinea and on New Britain.

22nd Battalion (Australia)
The 22nd Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army.  It was raised in 1915 as part of the Australian Imperial Force for service during World War I and formed part of the 6th Brigade, attached to the 2nd Division. It fought during the Gallipoli campaign and on the Western Front before being disbanded in 1919. In 1921, it was re-raised as a part-time unit and was merged with the 29th Battalion in 1930 to form the "29th/22nd Infantry Battalion". Split in August 1939 and known as the "22nd Battalion (South Gippsland Regiment)", the battalion saw action against the Japanese during World War II in the Huon Peninsula and New Britain campaigns. The battalion was disbanded in June 1946. It was re-established as part of the Royal Victoria Regiment in the mid-1960s as a remote area battalion within the Citizens Military Force, and later became a part of the 8th/7th Battalion, Royal Victoria Regiment.
Latvian Farmers' Union
The Latvian Farmers' Union (Latvian: Latvijas Zemnieku savienība, LZS) is an agrarian political party in Latvia.

Initially formed in 1917 during the period of Latvian War of Independence (as Latviešu Zemnieku savienība), it was banned in 1934, which was notably done by its founder Kārlis Ulmanis. It was re-established in 1990. It is positioned in the centre on the political spectrum and it has expressed conservative and nationalistic rhetoric. Since 2002, the party has been a part of the Union of Greens and Farmers (ZZS). It was formerly a member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe.

Union of Greens and Farmers
The Union of Greens and Farmers (Latvian: Zaļo un Zemnieku savienība, ZZS) is an agrarian political alliance in Latvia. It is made up of the Latvian Farmers' Union, Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party, and For Latvia and Ventspils.

It is positioned in the centre on the political spectrum, sometimes also described as a centre-right or a centre-left party. It is orientated towards agrarian, conservative, Eurosceptic, and green policies, and can be considered a centrist Nordic agrarian alliance, with nationalist and anti-liberal elements.

While the alliance's formal leader is Edgars Tavars, its leading figure and chief financial supporter is the oligarch Aivars Lembergs. The ZZS has had the world's first prime minister, Indulis Emsis (Prime Minister of Latvia in 2004), and first head of state, Raimonds Vējonis (President of Latvia 2015–19), to be affiliated with a green party.
Morkhoven
Morkhoven (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmɔr(ə)kˌɦoːvə(n)]) is a village in the Belgian province of Antwerp belonging to the municipality of Herentals. First documented in 1286, Morkhoven was historically linked to various noble families and was a rural settlement on the periphery of Herentals until it developed road connections with other villages in the 19th century. It has since become a primarily residential area. Morkhoven was incorporated into the municipality of Herentals in 1977.

A local landmark is the Freedom Tilia, believed to have been planted during the Brabant Revolution (1789–1790) or the Belgian Revolution (1830–1831).

As of 2021, the population of Morkhoven was 2,157.

Herentals
Herentals (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦeːrə(n)tɑls]) is a municipality and city in the province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises the city of Herentals proper and the towns of Morkhoven and Noorderwijk. In 2022, Herentals had a total population of 28,455. The total area is 48.56 km2 (18.75 sq mi). Saint Waltrude is the patron saint of the city.
Haltdalen Municipality
Haltdalen (historically: Holtaalen or Holtålen) is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The 509-square-kilometre (197 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until 1972 when it was merged with Ålen Municipality to become the present-day Holtålen Municipality in Trøndelag county. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Haltdalen where the Haltdalen Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1972, the 509-square-kilometre (197 sq mi) municipality was the 204th largest by area out of the 449 municipalities in Norway. Haltdalen Municipality was the 438th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 795. The municipality's population density was 1.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.1/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 18% over the previous 10-year period.

Ålen Municipality
Ålen is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The 718-square-kilometre (277 sq mi) former municipality existed from 1855 until 1972. It encompassed the southeastern half of what is now Holtålen Municipality in Trøndelag county. The administrative centre was the village of Renbygda (also known as Ålen) where Ålen Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1972, the 718.1-square-kilometre (277.3 sq mi) municipality was the 149th largest by area out of the 449 municipalities in Norway. Ålen Municipality was the 373rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,987. The municipality's population density was 2.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.3/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 10.1% over the previous 10-year period.
Khaleeda Bustamam
Che' Puan Mahkota Khaleeda Johor (Jawi: چئ ڤوان مهكوتا خالدة جوهر; née Khaleeda binti Bustamam; born 16 July 1993) is the wife of Tunku Ismail ibni Sultan Ibrahim. Through her marriage she is known as the Consort of the Regent and Crown Prince of the Malaysian State of Johor.

Tunku Ismail Idris
Tunku Ismail ibni Sultan Ibrahim (Jawi: تونكو إسماعيل ابن سلطان إبراهيم; né Tunku Ismail Idris Abdul Majid Abu Bakar Iskandar ibni Tunku Ibrahim Ismail, born 30 June 1984), is the heir apparent to the Johor throne. He is the eldest son of Sultan Ibrahim Iskandar and Raja Zarith Sofiah.

Ismail is the Regent (Pemangku Sultan) and Crown Prince (Tunku Mahkota) of Johor. He became the Regent of Johor upon the accession of his father to the throne as the 17th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia on 31 January 2024. He was officially proclaimed the Regent of Johor on 28 January 2024.
2014 Nantes attack
On 22 December 2014, Sébastien Sarron ran over ten pedestrians in his van at the Christmas market of the French city of Nantes, before attempting suicide by stabbing himself. Ten people, including the suspect, suffered non-fatal injuries. One man, Virgile Porcher, was pronounced dead the following day.

The attack came a day after a similar automotive attack on pedestrians in Dijon, as well as two days after a stabbing attack inside a police station in Joué-lès-Tours. Although the three attacks were treated as unrelated, the Government of France deployed 300 soldiers onto the nation's streets to heighten security afterwards.

In 2016, the Financial Times described this attack, the 21 December 2014 Dijon attack, and the 20 December 2014 Tours police station stabbing as "the first ISIS-linked attacks" in France.

2014 Tours police station stabbing
On 20 December 2014, a man in Joué-lès-Tours near the city of Tours in central France entered a police station and attacked officers with a knife, shouting "Allahu Akbar" and injuring three before he was shot and killed. The attack was categorised as a case of religiously inspired terrorism by Europol, and has been reported by Europol as well as mappings by CNN and AFP as inspired by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).