hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Volstagg
Volstagg the Voluminous is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is a charter member of the Warriors Three, a trio of Asgardian adventurers and supporting cast of Thor. He is known for having multiple children. These include, but are not limited to, Hilde, Rolfe, and the adopted Midgardians Kevin and Mick.

Ray Stevenson portrayed the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor (2011), Thor: The Dark World (2013), and Thor: Ragnarok (2017). Additionally, Fred Tatasciore, Brent Chapman, and Jay Brazeau have voiced Volstagg in animation.

Asgard (comics)
Asgard is a fictional realm and its capital city appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee, Larry Lieber and Jack Kirby, the realm first appeared in Journey into Mystery #85 (October 1962). Based on the realm of the same name from Germanic mythology (particularly Norse), Asgard is home to the Asgardians and other beings adapted from Norse mythology. It features prominently in stories that follow the Marvel Comics superhero Thor.

Asgard has appeared in comics and various media adaptations, including the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor (2011), Thor: The Dark World (2013), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Thor: Ragnarok (2017), Avengers: Endgame (2019), and the Disney+ series Loki (2021). Eventually, Asgard was relocated to Earth in Norway and appeared in Avengers: Endgame and Thor: Love and Thunder (2022).
Richard Hazleton
Richard Hazleton (5 December 1879 – 26 January 1943) was an Irish nationalist politician of the Irish Parliamentary Party. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for North Galway from 1906 to 1918, taking his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

Irish Parliamentary Party
The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP; commonly called the Irish Party or the Home Rule Party) was formed in 1874 by Isaac Butt, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland up until 1918. Its central objectives were legislative independence for Ireland and land reform. Its constitutional movement was instrumental in laying the groundwork for Irish self-government through three Irish Home Rule bills.
Bayesian search theory
Bayesian search theory is the application of Bayesian statistics to the search for lost objects. It has been used several times to find lost sea vessels, for example USS Scorpion, and has played a key role in the recovery of the flight recorders in the Air France Flight 447 disaster of 2009. It has also been used in the attempts to locate the remains of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370.

USS Scorpion (SSN-589)
USS Scorpion (SSN-589) was a Skipjack-class nuclear-powered submarine that served in the United States Navy, the sixth vessel and second submarine to carry that name.

Scorpion imploded and sank on May 22, 1968. She is one of two nuclear submarines that the U.S. Navy has lost, the other being USS Thresher. She was one of the four submarine disappearances in 1968, the others being the Israeli submarine INS Dakar, the French submarine Minerve, and the Soviet submarine K-129.

The wreckage of the Scorpion remains in the north Atlantic Ocean with all its armaments and its nuclear reactor.
Kotli District
Kotli District (Urdu: ضلع کوٹلی) is a district of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region.  It is one of the 10 districts of Pakistan's dependent territory of Azad Kashmir.  It is bounded on the north by the Sudhanoti District and the Poonch District, on the north-east by the Poonch District of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, on the south by the Mirpur and Bhimber districts, and on the west by the Rawalpindi District on Pakistan's Punjab Province. Kotli is the largest district of Azad Kashmir by population and the second biggest by land area, after the Neelum District. The district headquarters is the city of Kotli. The main native languages are Pahari (estimated to be spoken by just under two thirds of the population), and Gujari (spoken by about a third of the population).

Kotli
Kotli (Pahari-Pothwari / Urdu: کوٹلی; pronounced [koːʈ.liː]) is a city and headquarters of the Kotli District in Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir. The city lies along the Poonch River, which is known for its natural secenary and waterfalls. According to the 2017 Census of Pakistan, the city has a population of 46,907 people.
Sumgait
Sumgait, officially Sumqayit; /ˌsuːmɡɑːˈiːt/; (Azerbaijani: Sumqayıt, Azerbaijani: [sumɡɑˈjɯt] ⓘ) is a city in Azerbaijan, located near the Caspian Sea, on the Absheron Peninsula, about 31 kilometres (19 miles) away from the capital Baku. The city had a population of 427,000 at the beginning of 2024, making it the second largest city in Azerbaijan after Baku.

The city has a territory of 83 square kilometres (32 sq mi). It was founded as a suburb of Baku in 1944 and received city status on 22 November 1949, growing into a major industrial center during the Soviet period. The municipality of Sumgait also includes the settlements of Jorat and Haji Zeynalabdin. It is home to Sumqayit State University.

The city is best known internationally for where the Sumgait pogrom took place in 1988, in which local Armenian populations were killed or forced to relocate due to threats of violence.

Corat
Corat (Ҹорат, جورات; also Jorat and Dzhorat) is a town and municipality in Sumqayit, Azerbaijan. Corat is located on the shore of the Caspian Sea. The village of Corat is located 35 km northwest of Baku, on the Western shore of the Caspian Sea, on a plain.

It has a population of 13700.
Canons High School
Canons High School (C.H.S) is an academy school situated in Edgware, Middlesex in the eastern part of the London Borough of Harrow. It also has an attached sixth form centre which forms part of the Harrow Sixth Form Collegiate. The school was formerly known as Downer Grammar School.

London Borough of Harrow
The London Borough of Harrow (/ˈhæroʊ/) is a borough in west and north-west London, England; it forms part of Outer London. It borders four other London boroughs – Barnet to the east of ancient Watling Street (now the A5 road), Brent to the southeast, Ealing to the south and Hillingdon to the west and the Hertfordshire districts of Three Rivers and Hertsmere to the north. The local authority is Harrow London Borough Council. The London borough was formed in 1965, based on boundaries that had been established in 1934. The borough is made up of three towns: Harrow, Pinner and Stanmore, but also includes western parts of Edgware.
Princess Chŏngsun
Princess Chŏngsun (Korean: 정순공주; Hanja: 貞順公主; 1385 – 25 August 1460) was a royal princess during Joseon era. She was the eldest legitimate daughter of Taejong of Joseon and his consort, Queen Wŏn'gyŏng.

Taejong of Joseon
Taejong (Korean: 태종; Hanja: 太宗; 16 May 1367 – 10 May 1422), personal name Yi Pangwŏn (이방원; 李芳遠), was the third monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea and the father of Sejong the Great. He was the fifth son of King Taejo, the founder of the dynasty. Before ascending to the throne, he was known as Grand Prince Jeongan (정안군; 靖安君).
Methanomethylophilus
Methanomethylophilus is a genus of strictly anaerobic, methanogenic archaea within the order Methanomassiliicoccales. This genus currently includes only one validly published species, Methanomethylophilus alvi, isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract.

Methanomethylophilus alvi
Methanomethylophilus alvi is a species of methanogenic archaea in the family Methanomethylophilaceae. It is the type and only validly published species of the genus Methanomethylophilus, first isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract and formally described in 2023.
John Mason Neale
John Mason Neale (24 January 1818 – 6 August 1866) was an English Anglican priest, scholar, and hymnwriter. He worked on and wrote a wide range of holy Christian texts, including obscure medieval hymns, both Western and Eastern. Among his most famous hymns is the 1853 Good King Wenceslas, set on St. Stephen's day, known as Boxing Day in the UK. An Anglo-Catholic, Neale's works have found positive reception in high-church Anglicanism and Western Rite Orthodoxy.

Good King Wenceslas
"Good King Wencesla(u)s" (Roud number 24754) is a Christmas carol that tells a story of a tenth-century king of Bohemia (a former kingdom now within the modern day Czech Republic) who goes on a journey, braving harsh winter weather, to give alms to a poor peasant on the Feast of Stephen. During the journey, his page is about to give up the struggle against the cold weather, but is enabled to continue by following the king's footprints, step for step, through the deep snow.

The legend is based on a story about Saint Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia (907–935).

In 1853, English hymnwriter John Mason Neale wrote the lyrics in collaboration with his music editor Thomas Helmore to fit the melody of the 13th-century spring carol "Tempus adest floridum" ("The Blooming Time Is Here"), which they had found in the 1582 Finnish song collection Piae Cantiones. The carol first appeared in Carols for Christmas-Tide, published by Novello & Co the same year.
Ramat HaShofet
Ramat HaShofet (Hebrew: רָמַת הַשּׁוֹפֵט, lit. 'Judge Heights') is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Menashe Heights, it falls under the jurisdiction of Megiddo Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,186.

Manasseh Hills
The Manasseh Hills or hill country of Manasseh, directly derived from Hebrew: Menashe Heights (Hebrew: רָמוֹת מְנַשֶּׁה, romanized: Ramot Menashe, lit. 'Manasseh Heights'), called Bilad ar-Ruha in Arabic, meaning "Land of Winds", is a geographical region in northern Israel, located on the Carmel Range, between Mount Carmel and Mount Amir/Umm al-Fahm.
Fuyuki-Gun
Fuyuki-gun (Japanese: 冬木軍, English: Fuyuki Army) was the name of Japanese professional wrestling stables led by Hiromichi Fuyuki in Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) and Wrestle Association R (WAR) during the 1990s. Fuyuki-gun was originally founded by Fuyuki in WAR in 1994 and they became the first WAR World Six-Man Tag Team Champions, winning the title a record five times. They left WAR in 1996 and competed as freelancers before being signed by FMW to a full-time contract, where they held the FMW World Street Fight 6-Man Tag Team Championship. The group would merge with the trio of Mr. Gannosuke, Yukihiro Kanemura and Hido to form Team No Respect. Fuyuki-Gun disbanded after Fuyuki left FMW (kayfabe) due to losing a match to Masato Tanaka at the 10th Anniversary Show. Fuyuki formed a new offshoot group called "Shin Fuyuki-Gun" (New Fuyuki Army) which lasted until 2001.

Team No Respect
Team No Respect was a professional wrestling faction in Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW), which existed in the company between 1998 and 2000. The ideology of the group was that they disrespected all the wrestlers in FMW as well as the company's management and President Shoichi Arai. TNR was formed after Mr. Gannosuke, Yukihiro Kanemura and Hido turned on their ZEN leader Atsushi Onita out of jealousy with Onita due to his high ego and selfishness and formed a major alliance with Fuyuki-Gun. TNR was the most popular, successful and influential stable in the history of FMW and were involved in FMW's major storylines and rivalries during its two and a half year existence.
Brunswick Street, Brisbane
Brunswick Street is a main thoroughfare within the suburbs of New Farm and Fortitude Valley (known locally as the Valley) in Brisbane, Australia. The street is not entirely roadway but is a pedestrian mall for a hundred metres near its centre.

It is known as the major nightclub precinct in Brisbane, having many bars and clubs as well as restaurants located along its length. The McWhirters department store is situated on the corner of the Brunswick Street mall and Wickham Street.

One street to the west adjacent to the mall is their Chinatown.  The heritage listed Corbett and Son Store and Coronet Flats were built along the street. The street is used for the Queensland Pride rally and march.

Corbett and Son Store
Corbett and Son Store is a heritage-listed store at 446–452 Brunswick Street, Fortitude Valley, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Robin Dods and built in 1908. It was also known as Diamonds Dry Cleaners, Peerless Dry Cleaners and Isis Restaurant. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 26 May 2000.
Paola Barocchi
Paola Barocchi FBA (2 April 1927 in Florence – 25 May 2016 in Florence) was an Italian art historian, best remembered for her work in the fields of the history of modern art, art criticism, renaissance art, and mannerism. She notably published authoritative works on the lives of Rosso Fiorentino, Michelangelo, and Giorgio Vasari (with Rosanna Bettarini). A graduate of the University of Florence alongside Mario Salmi, she taught at the University of Salento and the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. In 1991, she received a Feltrinelli Prize from the Accademia dei Lincei alongside Enrico Castelnuovo, with whom she would go on to undertake restoration work of the Camposanto Monumentale di Pisa. She was a member of the Accademia delle Arti del Disegno, the Accademia dei Lincei, and the Accademia di San Luca.

Rosanna Bettarini
Rosanna Bettarini (30 July 1938, in Florence – 26 December 2012, in Florence) was an Italian philologist, best known for her critical editions on the works of Giorgio Vasari (with Paola Barocchi), Dante da Maiano, Jacopone da Todi, Eugenio Montale (with Gianfranco Contini), and Petrarch. She taught at the University of Florence, was a member of the Accademia della Crusca and the Accademia dei Lincei, and was president of the Viareggio Prize.
Shibugakitai
Shibugakitai (The Cool Kid Trio) (シブがき隊) was a Japanese boy band active from 1982 to 1988, managed by (the then-named) Johnny & Associates. Toshikazu Fukawa (Fukkun), Masahiro Motoki (Mokkun), Hirohide Yakumaru (Yakkun) were the three members of the group.

Masahiro Motoki
Masahiro Motoki (本木 雅弘 Motoki Masahiro, born December 21, 1965) is a Japanese actor. He portrayed protagonist Daigo Kobayashi in Departures, which won the 81st Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film. His performance earned him the Award for Best Actor at the 2009 Asia Pacific Screen Awards, at the 3rd Asian Film Awards and at the 32nd Japan Academy Prize.
Freenode
Freenode, stylized as freenode and formerly known as Open Projects Network, is an IRC computer network which was previously used to discuss peer-directed projects. Their servers are accessible from the hostname chat.freenode.net, which load balances connections by using round-robin DNS.

On 19 May 2021, Freenode underwent what some staff described as a "hostile takeover" and at least 14 volunteer staff members resigned. Following the events, various organisations using Freenode – including Arch Linux, CentOS, FreeBSD, the Free Software Foundation, Free Software Foundation Europe, Gentoo Linux, KDE, LineageOS, Slackware, Ubuntu, and the Wikimedia Foundation – moved their channels to Libera Chat, a network created by former Freenode staff. Others like Haiku or Alpine Linux moved to the Open and Free Technology Community (OFTC). By 16 August 2021, over a thousand projects had left Freenode.

Libera Chat
Libera Chat, stylized as Libera.Chat, is an IRC network for free and open-source software projects. Libera Chat prohibits VPN and Tor access for unregistered users. Registration requires a real IP address and a verified email. It was founded on 19 May 2021 by former Freenode staff members, after Freenode was taken over by Andrew Lee, founder of Private Internet Access.
Essential singularity
In complex analysis, an essential singularity of a function is a "severe" singularity near which the function exhibits striking behavior.

The category essential singularity is a "left-over" or default group of isolated singularities that are especially unmanageable: by definition they fit into neither of the other two categories of singularity that may be dealt with in some manner – removable singularities and poles. In practice some include non-isolated singularities too; those do not have a residue.

Removable singularity
In complex analysis, a removable singularity of a holomorphic function is a point at which the function is undefined, but it is possible to redefine the function at that point in such a way that the resulting function is regular in a neighbourhood of that point.

For instance, the (unnormalized) sinc function, as defined by

has a singularity at ⁠⁠. This singularity can be removed by defining ⁠⁠, which is the limit of sinc as ⁠⁠ tends to ⁠⁠. The resulting function is holomorphic. In this case the problem was caused by sinc being given an indeterminate form. Taking a power series expansion for ⁠⁠ around the singular point shows that

Formally, if  is an open subset of the complex plane ⁠⁠,  a point of ⁠⁠, and  is a holomorphic function, then  is called a removable singularity for  if there exists a holomorphic function  which coincides with  on ⁠⁠. We say  is holomorphically extendable over  if such a  exists.
Duchy of Austria
The Duchy of Austria was a medieval principality of the Holy Roman Empire, established in 1156 by the Privilegium Minus, when the Margraviate of Austria (Ostarrîchi) was detached from Bavaria and elevated to a duchy in its own right. After the ruling dukes of the House of Babenberg became extinct in male line, there was as much as three decades of rivalry on inheritance and rulership, until the German king Rudolf I took over the dominion as the first monarch of the Habsburg dynasty in 1276. Thereafter, Austria became the patrimony and ancestral homeland of the dynasty and the nucleus of the Habsburg monarchy. In 1453, the archducal title of the Austrian rulers, invented by Duke Rudolf IV in the forged Privilegium Maius of 1359, was officially acknowledged by the Habsburg emperor Frederick III.

Archduke
Archduke (feminine: archduchess; German: Erzherzog, feminine form: Erzherzogin) was the title borne from 1358 by the Habsburg rulers of the Archduchy of Austria, and later by all senior members of that dynasty. It denotes a rank within the former Holy Roman Empire (962–1806), which was below that of emperor, and roughly equal to that of king, prince-(arch)bishop, and grand duke, but above that of sovereign prince and duke.

The territory ruled by an archduke or archduchess was called an archduchy. All remaining archduchies ceased to exist in 1918. The current head of the House of Habsburg is Karl Habsburg.
Bourne shell
The Bourne shell (sh) is a shell command-line interpreter for computer operating systems. It first appeared on Version 7 Unix, as its default shell. Unix-like systems continue to have /bin/sh—which will be the Bourne shell, or a symbolic link or hard link to a compatible shell—even when other shells are used by most users.

The Bourne shell was once standard on all branded Unix systems, although historically BSD-based systems had many scripts written in csh. As the basis of POSIX sh syntax, Bourne shell scripts can typically be run with Bash or dash on Linux or other Unix-like systems; Bash itself is a free clone of Bourne.

KornShell
KornShell (ksh) is a Unix shell which was developed by David Korn at Bell Labs in the early 1980s and announced at USENIX on July 14, 1983.  The initial development was based on Bourne shell source code.  Other early contributors were Bell Labs developers Mike Veach and Pat Sullivan, who wrote the Emacs and vi-style line editing modes' code, respectively. KornShell is backward-compatible with the Bourne shell and includes many features of the C shell, inspired by the requests of Bell Labs users.
Steve Beaton
Steve Beaton (born 5 April 1964) is an English former professional darts player who competed in the MODUS Super Series, having previously competed in British Darts Organisation (BDO), World Darts Federation (WDF), Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) and World Seniors Darts (WSD) events. Nicknamed "the Bronzed Adonis", Beaton won the 1996 BDO World Championship. He was ranked BDO world number one in 1993 and 1994.

Before switching to the PDC in 2001, Beaton won the 1993 World Masters, the 1995 and 1996 Dutch Opens, and also achieved success in the WDF Europe Cup and WDF World Cup. In the PDC, Beaton finished as the runner-up at the 2009 European Championship. He also won three PDC Pro Tour titles, including the 2013 German Darts Masters on the European Tour. Beaton retired from professional darts at the end of 2024, handing in his PDC Tour Card. He reached the semi-finals at the 2025 World Seniors Darts Championship.

1996 BDO World Darts Championship
The 1996 BDO World Professional Darts Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the 1996 Embassy World Darts Championship) was held from 1–7 January 1996 at the Lakeside Country Club in Frimley Green, Surrey and was won by the number six seed Steve Beaton.  Beaton, who suffered a first round loss in the previous two World Championships as the number one seed, defeated Co Stompé, 1994 champion John Part, and future champions Martin Adams and Andy Fordham before beating defending champion Richie Burnett 6–3 in sets in the final.
Plesiosaurus
Plesiosaurus (Greek: πλησίος (plesios), near to + σαῦρος (sauros), lizard) is a genus of extinct, large marine sauropterygian reptile that lived during the Early Jurassic. It is known by nearly complete skeletons from the Lias of England. Measuring around 3.5 m (11 ft) long, it is distinguishable by its small head, long and slender neck, broad turtle-like body, a short tail, and two pairs of large, elongated paddles. It lends its name to the order Plesiosauria, of which it is an early, but fairly typical member. It contains only one species, the type, Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus.  Other species once assigned to this genus, including P. brachypterygius, P. guilielmiimperatoris, and P. tournemirensis have been reassigned to new genera, such as Hydrorion, Seeleyosaurus and Microcleidus.

Hydrorion
Hydrorion (meaning 'water hunter') is a genus of plesiosaur from the Toarcian Age of the Lower Jurassic. It is only known from multiple specimens, all discovered in the Posidonia Shale of south-western Germany. The only species of Hydrorion is H. brachypterygius, which was originally described as a species of Plesiosaurus and then Microcleidus. It was a relatively small plesiosaur, with the largest specimen measuring 4 m (13 ft) long.
Juan Soldevila y Romero
Juan Soldevila y Romero (29 October 1843 – 4 June 1923) was a Spanish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Zaragoza from 1901 until his death, and was elevated to the rank of cardinal in 1919.

Archdiocese of Zaragoza
The Archdiocese of Saragossa (Latin: Archidiœcesis Cæsaraugustana; Aragonese: Archidiocesi de Zaragoza) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in north-eastern Spain, in the province of Zaragoza (Saragossa in English), part of the autonomous community of Aragón. The archdiocese heads the ecclesiastical province of Saragossa, having metropolitan authority over the suffragan dioceses of Barbastro-Monzón, Huesca, Tarazona, and Teruel and Albarracín.

The diocese was created in Roman times; Pope John XXII elevated it to an archdiocese in 1318.
January 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 23 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 25

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 6 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 24th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 11.

January 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 22 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 24

All fixed commemorations below are observed on February 5 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 23rd, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on January 10.