hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
R v Licensing Court of Brisbane; Ex parte Daniell
R v Licensing Court of Brisbane; Ex parte Daniell is a High Court of Australia case about inconsistency between Commonwealth and State legislation, which is dealt with by s 109 of the Australian Constitution. It is the leading example of what is known as the impossibility of simultaneous obedience test.

Section 109 of the Constitution of Australia
Section 109 of the Constitution of Australia is the part of the Constitution of Australia that deals with the legislative inconsistency between federal and state laws, and declares that valid federal laws override ("shall prevail") inconsistent state laws, to the extent of the inconsistency. Section 109 is analogous to the Supremacy Clause in the United States Constitution and the paramountcy doctrine in Canadian constitutional jurisprudence, and the jurisprudence in one jurisdiction is considered persuasive in the others.
Full Sail Brewing Company
Full Sail Brewing Company is a craft brewery in Hood River, Oregon, United States. Founded in 1987, Full Sail was the first commercially successful craft brewery to bottle beer in the Pacific Northwest for retail sale, and one of Oregon's early microbreweries.  The first beer packaged was Full Sail Golden Ale, followed in 1988 by Full Sail Imperial Porter, Full Sail Amber Ale, and Wassail Winter Ale.

Hood River, Oregon
Hood River is a city in and the county seat of Hood River County, Oregon, United States. It is a port on the Columbia River, and is named for the nearby Hood River. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 8,313. It is the only city in Oregon where public consumption of alcohol on sidewalks or parks is completely unrestricted.
Hotel Dusk: Room 215
Hotel Dusk: Room 215 (known in Japan as Wish Room: Angel's Memory (ウィッシュルーム　天使の記憶, Wisshu Rūmu Tenshi no Kioku) is a point-and-click adventure game for the Nintendo DS. Originally called Wish Room, the game debuted at E3 on May 9, 2006. It was initially released in North America on January 22, 2007, and later internationally. The game supports the Nintendo DS Rumble Pak accessory.

Hotel Dusk was developed by the now-defunct Cing. It was re-released in 2008 under the Touch! Generations line of DS (Dual Screen) games. A sequel, Last Window: The Secret of Cape West, was released in 2010 for the DS.

Last Window: The Secret of Cape West
Last Window: The Secret of Cape West, known in Japan as Last Window: Mayonaka no Yakusoku (ラストウィンドウ 真夜中の約束; lit. "Last Window: Midnight Promise"), is an adventure video game developed by Cing and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console. It is the sequel to Hotel Dusk: Room 215, starring protagonist Kyle Hyde, and takes place one year after those events. Set in 1980 Los Angeles, the Cape West Apartments, the story deals with a new mystery in a new location, but it also delves into some unanswered questions from Kyle Hyde's past. Last Window was the last game developed by Cing before the company filed for bankruptcy on 1 March 2010. Unlike its predecessor, it was never released in North America.  A spiritual successor entitled Chase: Cold Case Investigations – Distant Memories developed by Arc System Works was released in 2016 with many former developers of Cing working on the game.
Doctor Mindbender
Doctor Mindbender, also known as Doctor Bender, is a fictional character from the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero toyline, comic books and animated series. He is a scientist who works for the terrorist organization Cobra; like other characters in the fictional universe, his characterization has fluctuated from that of comical villain to dangerous fascist depending on the release. He is often allied with Cobra Commander and Destro. In his first live-action film appearance in 2009, he was played by American actor Kevin J. O'Connor.

Destro
Laird James McCullen Destro XXIV, usually referred to simply as Destro, is a fictional character from the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero toyline, comic books, and cartoon series. He is the Scottish leader of the Iron Grenadiers, and founder of M.A.R.S. Industries, a weapons manufacturer, and supplier for Cobra. Destro is portrayed by Christopher Eccleston in the 2009 live-action film G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra, and by an uncredited extra in its 2013 sequel G.I. Joe: Retaliation.
Photo Doody (Howdy)
Photo Doody is one of the three original Howdy Doody 1940s marionettes. He is the Howdy figure that was used in Howdy Doody still photo sessions for the Howdy Doody Show and the publicity pictures taken with Buffalo Bob Smith. The near-stringless Howdy marionette was also used in personal appearances and parades. His arm joints and legs were specially built to hold a pose for advertising and marketing photography. He sat easily in Buffalo Bob Smith's lap.

Photo Doody, made of carved wood, is 30" tall. His face is hand-painted with blue eyes; he has red hair, a gap-tooth grin, pronounced ears and 48 freckles (one for each of the states at the time when the show first went on the air).  He wears a western style outfit consisting of blue jeans, a plaid shirt, cowboy boots and a red bandanna.

Howdy Doody
Howdy Doody is an American children's television program (with circus and Western frontier themes) that was created and produced by Victor F. Campbell and E. Roger Muir. It was broadcast on the NBC television network in the United States from December 27, 1947, until September 24, 1960. It was a pioneer of children's programming and set the pattern for many similar shows. One of the first television series produced at NBC in Rockefeller Center, in Studio 3A, it pioneered color production in 1956 and NBC (then owned by RCA Television) used the show to promote color television sets in the late 1950s.
Leonid Chernovetskyi
Leonid Mykhaylovych Chernovetskyi (Ukrainian: Леонід Михайлович Черновецький; born 25 November 1951) is a Ukrainian politician and former entrepreneur, who was Mayor of Kyiv from 2006 to 2012. He was a successful businessman, founder and controlling stakeholder of the Pravex Group and Pravex Bank, one of the largest banks in Ukraine. Since the appointment of Oleksandr Popov by President Viktor Yanukovych as Head of Kyiv City State Administration on 16 November 2010, Chernovetskyi was deprived of any real decision-making role in Kyiv. He tendered his resignation on 1 June 2012.

After this resignation Chernovetsky and his family moved to the Georgian town Kobuleti and he received Georgian citizenship.

Mayor of Kyiv
The Head of Kyiv City (Ukrainian: Київський міський голова, romanized: Kyivskyi miskyi holova), unofficially and more commonly the Mayor of Kyiv (Ukrainian: Мер Києва, romanized: Mer Kyieva), is a city official elected by popular vote who serves as a head of the City State Administration of Kyiv (the capital of Ukraine) and a chairperson the Kyiv City Council.

The mayor is elected for the term of four years. Current mayor Vitali Klitschko was sworn in on 5 June 2014. Klitschko was last reelected in the 2020 Kyiv local election with 50.52% of the votes, in the first round of the election.
WIAA (FM)
WIAA (88.7 FM) is a radio station in Interlochen, Michigan. The station is owned by Interlochen Center for the Arts, and is an affiliate of the Interlochen Public Radio's "Classical IPR" network, consisting of classical music.

Interlochen Center for the Arts
Interlochen Center for the Arts (/ˈɪntərˈlɒkən/ IN-tər-lock-ən; also known as ICA or Interlochen and previously known as the National Music Camp) is a non-profit corporation which operates arts education programs and performance venues. Established in 1928 by Joseph E. Maddy, Interlochen Center for the Arts is located on a 1,200-acre (490 ha) campus in Green Lake Township, Grand Traverse County, Michigan, immediately south of the eponymous community of Interlochen and about 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Traverse City.
Football at the Arab Games
The Arab Games are a regional multi-sport event held between nations from the Arab world. A men's football tournament has been held at every session of the Games since 1953, except for 2004. Since the 2023 edition, the tournament has been limited to under-23 teams, plus up to three overage players for each squad.

Football at the 2023 Arab Games
The men's football tournament at the 2023 Arab Games was held from 2 to 14 July 2023 in Algeria, following an 11-year hiatus. Matches will be played in Annaba and Constantine. For the first time, teams are restricted to under-23 players, and a maximum of three over-aged players.

Bahrain were the defending champions, having beat Jordan in the final of the 2011 edition.
Regio IX Circus Flaminius
The Regio IX Circus Flaminius is the ninth regio of imperial Rome, under Augustus's administrative reform. Regio IX took its name from the racecourse located in the southern end of the Campus Martius, close to Tiber Island. It is where Julius Caesar was assassinated.

Circus Flaminius
The Circus Flaminius was a large, circular area in ancient Rome, located in the southern end of the Campus Martius near the Tiber River. It contained a small race-track used for obscure games, and various other buildings and monuments. It was "built", or sectioned off, by Gaius Flaminius in 221 BC. After Augustus divided the city into 14 administrative regions, the Circus Flaminius gave its name to Regio IX, which encompassed the Circus and all of the Campus Martius west of the Via Lata.
Extraperitoneal space
The extraperitoneal space is the portion of the abdomen and pelvis which does not lie within the peritoneum.

It includes:

Retroperitoneal space, situated posteriorly to the peritoneum

Preperitoneal space, situated anteriorly to the peritoneum
Retropubic space, deep to the pubic bone
Retro-inguinal space, deep to the inguinal ligament

The space in the pelvis is divided into the following components:

prevesical space

perivesical space

perirectal space

Retropubic space
Retropubic space is a potential avascular space located between the pubic symphysis and the urinary bladder. The retropubic space is a preperitoneal space, located behind the transversalis fascia and in front of peritoneum.

Other names for the retropubic space are "Cave of Retzius" or "Retzius' space", named after the Swedish anatomist Anders Retzius (1796-1860).

The space is a useful landmark in different gynecological and urological surgeries.
Psocoptera
Psocoptera (/soʊˈkɒptərə/) are a paraphyletic group of insects that are commonly known as booklice, barklice or barkflies. The name Psocoptera has been replaced with Psocodea in recent literature, with the inclusion of the former order Phthiraptera into Psocodea (as part of the suborder Troctomorpha).

They are often regarded as the most primitive of the paraneopterans. There are more than 5,500 species in 41 families in three suborders. Many of these species have only been described in the early twenty-first century. They range in size from 1–10 millimetres (1/32–13/32 in) in length.

The species known as booklice received their common name because they are commonly found amongst old books—they feed upon the paste used in binding. The barklice are found on trees, feeding on algae and lichen.

Psocodea
Psocodea is a taxonomic group of insects comprising the bark lice, book lice and parasitic lice. It was formerly considered a superorder, but is now generally considered by entomologists as an order. Despite the greatly differing appearance of parasitic lice (Phthiraptera), they are believed to have evolved from within the former order Psocoptera, which contained the bark lice and book lice, now found to be paraphyletic.

Psocodea contains around 11,000 species, divided among three suborders and more than 70 families. They range in size from 1–10 millimetres (0.04–0.4 in) in length.

The species known as booklice received their common name because they are commonly found amongst old books—they feed upon the paste used in binding. The barklice are found on trees, feeding on algae and lichen.
Tom Griswold
Thomas "Tom" Bruce Griswold (born April 22, 1953) co-hosts the radio show The Bob & Tom Show together with Chick McGee, Kristi Lee, and Josh Arnold. Co-host Bob Kevoian retired at the end of 2015. This comedy-based early morning program is among the highest rated in American radio and has been nationally syndicated since 1995. The show is broadcast from studios at WFBQ in Indianapolis, Indiana.

Bob Kevoian
Robert James Kevoian (born December 2, 1950) is a retired  American radio host of the nationally syndicated radio show The Bob & Tom Show together with his partner, Tom Griswold. The show is broadcast from WFBQ's studios in Indianapolis, Indiana.
SAIC Volkswagen
SAIC Volkswagen Automotive Co., Ltd., formerly known as Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive Co., Ltd. is an automobile manufacturing company headquartered in Anting, Shanghai, China and a joint venture between SAIC Motor and Volkswagen Group. It was founded in 1984 and produces cars under the Volkswagen, Škoda and Audi marques. It is the second automobile manufacturing joint venture in China after American Motors and the first German car manufacturer to enter China.

The joint venture is made up of equity from SAIC Motor (50%), Volkswagen AG (40%), Volkswagen (China) Invest (10%), with a fixed-term venture for 45 years up until 2030. It is the first of three joint ventures operated by Volkswagen in China, alongside FAW-Volkswagen with FAW Group and Volkswagen Anhui with JAC Group.

Volkswagen Anhui
Volkswagen Anhui (VWA) is a joint venture formed in 2017 between JAC Motors and Volkswagen headquartered in Hefei, Anhui, initially to produce electric vehicles under the SEAT brand, and later the Sehol brand.
Mark Bodé
Mark Bodē ((/boʊˈdiː/) born February 18, 1963) is an American cartoonist. The son of underground comics legend Vaughn Bodē, Mark shares the Bodē family style and perpetuates many of his late father's creations as well as his own works . He is best known for his work on Cobalt-60, Miami Mice, and The Lizard of Oz. Bodē has also worked for Heavy Metal magazine and on The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.

Bodē is also a tattoo and graffiti artist, spending many years working around Northampton, Massachusetts, although he now lives in California.

Vaughn Bodē
Vaughn Bodē (/boʊˈdiː/; July 22, 1941 – July 18, 1975) was an American underground cartoonist and illustrator known for his character Cheech Wizard and his artwork depicting voluptuous women. A contemporary of Ralph Bakshi, Bodē has been credited as an influence on Bakshi's animated films Wizards and The Lord of the Rings. Bodē has a huge following among graffiti artists, with his characters remaining a popular subject.

Bodē was inducted into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame for comics artists in 2006.
Kingaroy Butter Factory
Kingaroy Butter Factory is a heritage-listed former butter factory at 67 William Street, Kingaroy, South Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Waugh and Josephson and built in 1926. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 9 November 2012.

Kingaroy
Kingaroy (/kɪŋəˈrɔɪ/) is a rural town and locality in the South Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia. The town is situated on the junction of the D'Aguilar and the Bunya Highways, 218 kilometres (135 mi) north-west of the state capital Brisbane and 141 kilometres (88 mi) south west of Gympie.  In the 2021 census, the locality of Kingaroy had a population of 10,266 people.

Kingaroy is the seat of the South Burrnett Region. It is known as the "Peanut Capital of Australia" because Australia's largest peanut processing plant is located in the town and its peanut silo dominates the skyline. Kingaroy is also known as the hometown of former Premier of Queensland, Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen.
Beartown Wilderness
Beartown Wilderness is a U.S. wilderness area in the Eastern Divide Ranger District of the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests. The Wilderness consists of 5,613 acres (22.72 km2) of land with elevations ranging from 2,400 to 4,800 feet (730 to 1,460 m). It was created from existing National Forest lands in 1984 by the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984.

With its remote location, steep terrain and thick vegetation, the wilderness is rarely visited.  It contains a unique combination of fast flowing streams,  rare old-growth communities, sphagnum bogs and outstanding views.

The area is part of the Garden Mountain Cluster.

Garden Mountain Cluster
The Garden Mountain Cluster is a region in the Jefferson National Forest recognized by The Wilderness Society for its diversity of habitats extending along the east, south and west of Burke's Garden. The cluster, part of the Appalachian Mountains in southwest Virginia, connects wildlands in the high country of Garden Mountain and adjacent streams and ridges in one of the most remote areas of Virginia.
SwissTech Convention Center
The SwissTech Convention Center is a conference centre on the campus of EPFL, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne.

The SwissTech Convention Center is one of the largest convention centers in the Lake Geneva region and has served many major events.

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
EPFL (officially no longer an acronym; originally short for French: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, lit. 'Federal School of Technology in Lausanne') is a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland. Founded in 1969, the university primarily teaches and conducts research in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields.

Like its sister institution ETH Zurich, EPFL is part of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain, a consortium of universities and research institutes under the Swiss Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research. As of 2024, EPFL enrolled 14,012 students from over 130 countries.

Students, faculty, and researchers affiliated with EPFL include a Nobel laureate, two Fields Medalists, two Pritzker Prize winners, and one Turing Award recipient. EPFL has an urban campus that extends alongside Lake Geneva, and includes the EPFL Innovation Park as well as university research centers and affiliated laboratories.
Manning River
Manning River (Biripi: Boolumbahtee), an open and trained mature wave dominated barrier estuary, is located in the Northern Tablelands and Mid North Coast districts of New South Wales, Australia. It is the only double delta river in the southern hemisphere in which there are two permanent entrances to the river, one at Old Bar and another at Harrington, and is famously one of only two rivers in the world to have permanent multiple entrances with the other being the Nile river in Egypt.

Harrington, New South Wales
Harrington is a fishing village located on the northern entrance of the Manning River in New South Wales, Australia.  It was established in 1853 and proclaimed a village on 26 September 1896. It is 15 km north-east of Taree on the Mid North Coast, and 335 kilometres (208 mi) north east of the state capital, Sydney. At the 2021 census, Harrington had a population of 3,381. It was named after the Earl of Harrington by the explorer, John Oxley.
2016 AFL Grand Final
The 2016 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between Sydney and the Western Bulldogs at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 1 October 2016. It was the 121st annual Grand Final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers of the 2016 AFL season. The match, attended by 99,981 spectators, was won by the Bulldogs by a margin of 22 points, marking the club's second VFL/AFL premiership victory and first since 1954. It was the first time in VFL/AFL history that a team won the premiership from seventh place on the ladder. Jason Johannisen of the Bulldogs was awarded the Norm Smith Medal as the best player on the ground.

2016 AFL season
The 2016 AFL season was the 120th season of the Australian Football League (AFL), the highest level senior Australian rules football competition in Australia, which was known as the Victorian Football League until 1989.

The season featured eighteen clubs, ran from 24 March until 1 October, and comprised a 22-game home-and-away season followed by a finals series featuring the top eight clubs. Thirty-four players, seventeen of whom were still active in the league, missed the season through suspension by the World Anti-Doping Agency, for doping infringements which occurred at the Essendon Football Club as part of its 2012 sports supplements program.

The premiership was won by the Western Bulldogs for the second time, after it defeated Sydney by 22 points in the 2016 AFL Grand Final.
Phaéton (Saint-Saëns)
Phaéton (Phaethon), Op. 39, is a symphonic poem for orchestra, composed by Camille Saint-Saëns in 1873.  It is the second in his genre's tetralogy, preceded by Le Rouet d'Omphale and followed by Danse macabre and La jeunesse d'Hercule. The work was premiered at the Théâtre du Châtelet on 7 December 1873, performed by the Concert National conducted by Édouard Colonne. Despite its initial cool reception, the work has managed to remain in the borders of the repertoire, but is largely overshadowed in popularity by Danse Macabre.

Le Rouet d'Omphale
Le Rouet d'Omphale (The Spinning Wheel of Omphale or Omphale's Spinning Wheel), Op. 31, is a symphonic poem for orchestra, composed by Camille Saint-Saëns in 1871.  It is one of the most famous of the four symphonic poems in a mythological series by Saint-Saëns. The other three in the series are Danse macabre, Phaéton, and La jeunesse d'Hercule. The work was printed by Éditions Durand with the dedication 'à Mademoiselle Augusta Holmès'.
Biconjugate gradient method
In mathematics, more specifically in numerical linear algebra, the biconjugate gradient method is an algorithm to solve systems of linear equations

Unlike the conjugate gradient method, this algorithm does not require the matrix  to be self-adjoint, but instead one needs to perform multiplications by the conjugate transpose A*.

Conjugate gradient method
In mathematics, the conjugate gradient method is an algorithm for the numerical solution of particular systems of linear equations, namely those whose matrix is positive-semidefinite. The conjugate gradient method is often implemented as an iterative algorithm, applicable to sparse systems that are too large to be handled by a direct implementation or other direct methods such as the Cholesky decomposition. Large sparse systems often arise when numerically solving partial differential equations or optimization problems.

The conjugate gradient method can also be used to solve unconstrained optimization problems such as energy minimization. It is commonly attributed to Magnus Hestenes and Eduard Stiefel, who programmed it on the Z4, and extensively researched it.

The biconjugate gradient method provides a generalization to non-symmetric matrices. Various nonlinear conjugate gradient methods seek minima of nonlinear optimization problems.
Mouth Dreams
Mouth Dreams is the fourth mashup mixtape by American musician and comedian Neil Cicierega. It was released on September 30, 2020. Like his three previous mashup mixtapes (Mouth Sounds, Mouth Silence, and Mouth Moods), its source material is primarily Top 40 hits from the late 20th and early 21st centuries, with Mouth Dreams emphasizing on songs about sleeping and dreams. It marks the musician's first major release since 2017.

Mouth Silence
Mouth Silence is the second mashup mixtape by American musician and comedian Neil Cicierega. Following the format of his previous release, Mouth Sounds, the mixtape is composed of mashups and remixes of popular songs from the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s.

Unlike Mouth Sounds, which used the song "All Star" by Smash Mouth as a recurring element, Mouth Silence relegates said song to Easter eggs.

A third installment, Mouth Moods, was released in 2017, and a fourth installment, Mouth Dreams, in 2020.

Although Mouth Silence is the second mixtape released in the series, according to Cicierega, it is a prequel to Mouth Sounds. It is, jokingly, also considered a "squeakquel" to Mouth Moods and a "shriekquel" to Mouth Dreams.

Several tracks feature original instrumental work by Cicierega, and the instrumental to "Space Monkey Mafia" is entirely original.