hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Penza Oblast
Penza Oblast (Russian: Пензенская область, IPA: [ˈpʲenzʲɪnskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Penza. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,266,348. It was formed in 1939 on the territory detached from neighboring Tambov Oblast.

Tambov Oblast
Tambov Oblast (Russian: Тамбовская область, IPA: [tɐmˈbofskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tambov. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,091,994.
Jotwell
The Journal of Things We Like (Lots) (known by its abbreviated name Jotwell) is an online legal journal based at and financially subsidized by the University of Miami School of Law in Coral Gables, Florida, United States.

The journal specializes in short scholarly reviews on topics related to the law and is edited primarily but independently by law school professors. Some, including the Editor-in-Chief, are at the University of Miami School of Law but the large majority are at other law schools in the U.S., Canada, and Europe.

University of Miami School of Law
The University of Miami School of Law (Miami Law or UM Law) is the law school of the University of Miami, a private research university in Coral Gables, Florida.

Founded in 1926, it is the oldest law school in South Florida, graduating its first class of 13 students in 1929. The school offers 300 courses in 18 areas of study, 17 legal clinics and practicums, and over two dozen interdisciplinary and joint-degree programs.
Walkman F Series
The Walkman F series is a discontinued portable media player manufactured as a part of Sony's Walkman line of music players, through two generations. They are high-res compatible players and run the Android operating system.

Walkman A Series
The Walkman A Series is a flagship line of mid-range digital audio players (DAP) by Sony as part of its Walkman range. The A Series has been marketed since 2005, initially as the top spec Walkman players and since 2014 as a mid-range following the introduction of the ZX Series. The "A" originally stood for "All in one, Advanced, and Attractive".
Amy Eilberg
Amy Eilberg (born October 12, 1954) is the first female rabbi ordained in Conservative Judaism. She was ordained in 1985 by the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, one of the academic centers and spiritual centers of Conservative Judaism.

Jewish Theological Seminary of America
The Jewish Theological Seminary (JTS) is a Conservative Jewish education organization in New York City, New York. It is one of the academic and spiritual centers of Conservative Judaism as well as a hub for academic scholarship in Jewish studies. The Jewish Theological Seminary Library is one of the most significant collections of Judaica in the world.
Royal Oak, Michigan
Royal Oak is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. An inner-ring suburb of Detroit, Royal Oak is located roughly 10 miles (16.1 km) north of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 58,211.

Royal Oak is located along the Woodward Corridor, and is served by Interstate 75 and Interstate 696. The city has one of the largest downtowns in Detroit's suburbs, and is also home to much of the Detroit Zoo, with portions extending into neighboring Huntington Woods. Royal Oak describes itself as the "city of trees".

Detroit Zoo
The Detroit Zoo is a zoo located in the cities of Huntington Woods and Royal Oak in the U.S. state of Michigan.  Spanning 125 acres (50.6 ha), it houses more than 2,000 animals and more than 200 different species. The zoo was the first U.S. zoo to feature bar-less habitats,  and is regarded to be an international leader in animal welfare, conservation and sustainability by the Detroit Zoological Society.
Jimmy Lyons (saxophonist)
Jimmy Lyons (December 1, 1931 – May 19, 1986) was an American alto saxophone player. He is best known for his long tenure in the Cecil Taylor Unit. Lyons was the only constant member of the band from the mid-1960s until his death. Taylor never worked with another musician as frequently as he did with Lyons. Lyons' playing, influenced by Charlie Parker, kept Taylor's avant-garde music tethered to the jazz tradition.

Cecil Taylor
Cecil Percival Taylor (March 25, 1929 – April 5, 2018) was an American pianist and poet.

Taylor was classically trained and was one of the pioneers of free jazz. His music is characterized by an energetic, physical approach, resulting in complex improvisation often involving tone clusters and intricate polyrhythms. His technique has been compared to percussion. Referring to the number of keys on a standard piano, Val Wilmer used the phrase "eighty-eight tuned drums" to describe Taylor's style. He has been referred to as "Art Tatum with contemporary-classical leanings".
Kayla Mueller
Kayla Jean Mueller (August 14, 1988 – February 6, 2015) was an American human rights activist and humanitarian aid worker from Prescott, Arizona. She was taken captive in August 2013 in Aleppo, Syria, after leaving a Doctors Without Borders hospital. Media reported that a 26-year-old American aid worker was being held by ISIS without naming her, at her family's request. In 2015, she was killed in uncertain circumstances. The operation that killed ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi was named Operation Kayla Mueller in her honor.

Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
On October 26–27, 2019, the United States conducted a military operation codenamed Operation Kayla Mueller that resulted in the death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the then-leader and self-proclaimed caliph of the Islamic State. The operation took place in the outskirts of Barisha, Idlib Governorate, Syria. According to General Kenneth F. McKenzie Jr., the United States Central Command (CENTCOM) commander who oversaw the operation, Baghdadi killed himself along with two children when he detonated a suicide belt while fleeing from U.S. forces during the raid.

The U.S. operation was named for Kayla Mueller, an American aid worker who had been captured by and died in the custody of the Islamic State.
Rick Segall
Richard Robert Segall III (born March 10, 1969) is an American film and television actor. He is best known for playing the singer Ricky Stevens in the American sitcom television series The Partridge Family.

The Partridge Family
The Partridge Family is an American musical sitcom created by Bernard Slade, which was broadcast in the United States from September 1970 to March 1974 on ABC.  After the final first-run telecast on ABC in March 1974, the show went into reruns from March 30 to August 31, 1974.

The series follows the lives of a fictional pop music band formed by the titular family, including Shirley (Shirley Jones), Keith (David Cassidy), Laurie (Susan Dey), and Danny (Danny Bonaduce), as well as their manager Reuben Kincaid (Dave Madden). The family was loosely based on the real-life musical family the Cowsills, a popular band in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

The show was broadcast on ABC as part of its Friday night line-up, and had subsequent runs in syndication.
Theunis
Theunis is a Dutch masculine given name. Like Teunis, it is a derivative of Anthonius (Anthony). It is considered a diminutive form of Antonius, Anthonius used in Belgium, Netherlands, Suriname, South Africa, Namibia, and Indonesia. Theuns is a short form used in South Africa. Both Theunis and Theuns also exist as a patronymic surname.

Teunis
Teunis is a Dutch masculine given name. Like Theunis, it is a derivative of Antonius (Anthony). It is also considered a diminutive form of Antonius, Anton, Antoon, Anthonis, Anthoon, Antonie, and Antonis used in Belgium, Netherlands, Suriname, South Africa, Namibia, and Indonesia.  Its popularity as a birth name has dropped since the middle of the last century, taken over partially by its short form Teun. People with the name include:

Teunis G. Bergen (1806–1881), United States Representative from New York.

Teunis Horstman (1927–2014), Dutch Old Catholic bishop

Teunis Jacob (1927–2009), Dutch wall painter and sculptor

Teunis Kloek (born 1934), Dutch economist

Teunis van der Linden (1884–1965), Dutch chemist

Teunis Mulder (born 1955), Dutch-born Australian politician

Teunis Mulder (born 1981), Dutch track cyclist

Teunis Sprong (1889–1971), Dutch long-distance runner

Teunis Zaaijer (1837–1902), Dutch physician
Tibetan pinyin
The SASM/GNC/SRC romanization of Standard Tibetan, commonly known as Tibetan pinyin or ZWPY (Chinese: 藏文拼音; pinyin: Zàngwén Pīnyīn), is the official transcription system for the Tibetan language in China. It is based on the pronunciation used by China National Radio's Tibetan Radio, which is based on the Lhasa dialect. It has been used within China and international cartographic products as an alternative to the Wylie transliteration for writing Tibetan in the Latin script since 1982.

Tibetan pinyin is a phonetic transcription, and as such its spelling is tied to actual pronunciation (although tone is not marked). Wylie on the other hand is a transliteration system, where mechanical conversion to and from Tibetan and Latin script is possible. Within academic circles, Wylie transliteration (with a v replacing the apostrophe) is more commonly used.

Lhasa Tibetan
Lhasa Tibetan or Standard Tibetan is a standardized dialect of Tibetan spoken by the people of Lhasa, the capital of the Tibetan Autonomous Region. It is an official language of the Tibet Autonomous Region.

In the traditional "three-branched" classification of the Tibetic languages, the Lhasa dialect belongs to the Central Tibetan branch (the other two being Khams Tibetan and Amdo Tibetan). In terms of mutual intelligibility, speakers of Khams Tibetan are able to communicate at a basic level with Lhasa Tibetan, while Amdo speakers cannot. Both Lhasa Tibetan and Khams Tibetan evolved to become tonal and do not preserve the word-initial consonant clusters, which makes them very far from Classical Tibetan, especially when compared to the more conservative Amdo Tibetan.
Clara, County Offaly
Clara (Irish: Clóirtheach; sometimes translated locally as Clárach) is a town on the River Brosna in County Offaly, Ireland. It is the 10th largest town in the midlands of Ireland. The town had a population of 3,403 as of the 2022 census.

Clara's local services include churches, schools, a branch of the Laois & Offaly Education and Training Board, a library, doctor's surgery, medical centre, pharmacies, health centre, family resource centre, shops, post office, credit union, hair and beauty salons, barbers, garages, pubs, eateries, a playground, public swimming pool, pitch and putt club, GAA club, and Clara Bog Visitor Centre. There is a Garda (police) station and fire station in the town, while the Midlands Regional Hospital is located approximately eleven kilometres away in Tullamore.

Tullamore
Tullamore (/ˈtʊləˌmɔːr/; Irish: Tulach Mhór, meaning 'great mound') is the county town of County Offaly in Ireland. It is on the Grand Canal, in the middle of the county, and is the fourth most populous town in the Midlands Region, with 15,598 inhabitants at the 2022 census.

The town retained Gold Medal status in the National Tidy Town Awards in 2015 and also played host to the World Sheep Dog Trials in 2005, which attracted international interest in the region. The Tullamore Show is held near the town every year. The town's most famous export is Tullamore Dew – an Irish whiskey distilled by Tullamore Distillery – that can be traced back to 1829. The original distillery was shut down in 1954. The brand was later resurrected, but at first was produced at the Midleton Distillery in County Cork. However, in 2014, the brand's new owners, William Grant & Sons, invested in a new distillery near Tullamore, bringing whiskey production back to the town.
2018 National League Division Series
The 2018 National League Division Series were two best-of-five-game series on the National League side in Major League Baseball’s 2018 postseason to determine the participating teams of the 2018 National League Championship Series. The three divisional winners (seeded 1–3) and a fourth team—the Wild Card Game winner—played in two series.
These matchups were:

(1) Milwaukee Brewers (Central Division champions) vs. (5) Colorado Rockies (Wild Card Game winner): Brewers win series 3–0.

(2) Los Angeles Dodgers (West Division champions) vs. (3) Atlanta Braves (East Division champions): Dodgers win series 3–1.

The Dodgers defeated the Brewers in the NLCS, then lost the 2018 World Series to the American League champion Boston Red Sox.

Under sponsorship agreements with Doosan, the series was formally known as the National League Division Series presented by Doosan. The Brewers and the Dodgers won their respective series to advance to the Championship Series.

2018 Atlanta Braves season
The 2018 Atlanta Braves season was the Braves' 53rd season in Atlanta, 148th overall, and second season at SunTrust Park. They completely reversed their 72-90 season in 2017, and made the postseason and won a division title for the first time since 2013. They lost to the Los Angeles Dodgers in four games in the NLDS.
Fusil Automatique Modèle 1917
The Fusil Automatique Modèle 1917 ("Model 1917 Automatic Rifle"), also called the RSC M1917, was a gas-operated, semi-automatic rifle placed into service by the French Army during the latter part of World War I in May 1916. It was chambered in 8mm Lebel, the rimmed cartridge used in other French Army infantry weapons of the time. In total, the French national armories, primarily Manufacture d'armes de Saint-Étienne (MAS) and Manufacture Nationale d'Armes de Tulle (MAT), manufactured 86,000 RSC M1917 rifles until production ended in late November 1918. However, very few examples have survived in fully functional, semi-automatic condition and those have become highly sought-after collectibles.

Manufacture d'armes de Saint-Étienne
The Manufacture d'Armes de Saint-Étienne, often abbreviated to MAS ("Saint-Étienne Weapons Factory" in English), was a French state-owned weapons manufacturer in the town of Saint-Étienne, Loire.  Founded in 1764,  it was merged into the French state-owned defense conglomerate GIAT Industries in 2001.
Ruvo di Puglia
Ruvo di Puglia (Italian: [ˈruːvo di ˈpuʎʎa]; Ruvestine: Rìuve [ˈriːuvə]) is a city and comune (municipality) of 25,457 inhabitants (as of 2017)  in the Metropolitan City of Bari in Apulia.

It is an art city of Apulia, and an Apulian tourist destination. Part of the Alta Murgia national park, which contains its own operational office, it is home to the Jatta National Archaeological Museum, known for its many Hellenistic period pieces including the Vase of Talos, a community symbol. It is also home to the Municipal Art Gallery of Contemporary Art, named after Domenico Cantatore, a ruvestine expressionist and cubist painter. His artwork is kept there. Additionally, the city houses the Book Museum at Palazzo Caputi, where volumes of medieval and renaissance poetry originates from. It is also the third largest municipality in the Metropolitan City of Bari. It is an olive oil and wine producer city, and an important industrial research center of the Apulian region.

Alta Murgia National Park
The Parco Nazionale dell'Alta Murgia is a national park in Puglia, southern Italy, established in 2004. It lies in the Murgia geographical area, with its headquarters in the town of Gravina in Puglia, and has an area of 677.39 square kilometres. It is part of a larger Special Protection Area established to protect the grass steppe, lesser kestrel's habitat (Site of Community Importance).
BMW F450GS
The BMW F 450 GS is a dual-sport motorcycle produced by BMW Motorrad. Unveiled in November 2025 at the EICMA motorcycle show in Milan, it serves as the entry point to BMW’s F-series parallel-twin adventure range, positioned between the single-cylinder G 310 GS and the mid-size F 800 GS.

BMW Motorrad
BMW Motorrad is the motorcycle brand and division of German automotive manufacturer, BMW. It has produced motorcycles since 1923, and achieved record sales for the fifth year in succession in 2015. With a total of 136,963 vehicles sold in 2015, BMW registered a growth of 10.9%  in sales in comparison with 2014.
In May 2011, the 2,000,000th motorcycle produced by BMW Motorrad was an R1200GS.
Stephano Lameck Musomba
Stephano Lameck Musomba (O.S.A.), (born on 25 September 1969), is a Tanzanian Roman Catholic prelate who is the Bishop of the newly-created Roman Catholic Diocese of Bagamoyo, Tanzania since March 2025. Before that, from July 2021 until March 2025, he was Auxiliary Bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dar es Salaam. He concurrently served as Titular Bishop of Perdices. He was appointed bishop by Pope Francis on 7 July 2021. He was consecrated and installed at Dar es Salaam on 21 September 2021. On 7 March 2025, The Holy Father Francis appointed him as the pioneer bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Bagamoyo, a new diocese that the Pope created that same day.

Order of Saint Augustine
The Order of Saint Augustine (Latin: Ordo Fratrum Sancti Augustini), abbreviated OSA, is a mendicant religious order  of the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1244 by bringing together several eremitical groups in the Tuscany region who were following the Rule of Saint Augustine, written by Augustine of Hippo in the fifth century.

They are also commonly known as the Augustinians, Austin friars, or Friars Hermits and, until 1968, as the Order of Hermits of Saint Augustine (Latin: Ordo eremitarum sancti Augustini; abbreviated OESA).

The order has, in particular, spread internationally the veneration of the Virgin Mary under the title of Our Lady of Good Counsel (Mater boni consilii).

In the 2025 papal conclave, Leo XIV was elected as the first pope from the Order of Saint Augustine.
Andong jjimdak
Andong-jjimdak (Korean: 안동찜닭; lit. steamed chicken of Andong) is a variety of jjim (a Korean steamed or boiled dish), which originated in the city of Andong, North Gyeongsang province and is made with chicken, various vegetables marinated in a ganjang (Korean soy sauce) based sauce.

Jjim
Jjim (Korean: 찜; Korean pronunciation: [tɕ͈im]) is a Korean cuisine term referring to dishes made by steaming or boiling meat, chicken, fish, or shellfish which have been marinated in a sauce or soup. The cooking technique originally referred to dishes cooked in a siru (시루, earthenware steamer mainly used for making tteok) by steaming. However, the name jjim has now come to imply a finished dish with a steamed appearance. The cooking method for most jjim dishes nowadays has changed to boiling the ingredients in broth and reducing the liquid. Pressure cookers are popular for making jjim as well.

Proteins galbi, beef shank or rump, chicken, fish, or shellfish are usually the main ingredients. The ingredients are marinated in a sauce, then put to a boil with a small amount of water. The liquid is then reduced. Various vegetables and other ingredients are added for enhanced flavor.
Saskatchewan Highway 343
Highway 343 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 4 near Blumenort to Simmie near Highway 631. It is about 34 kilometres (21 mi) long.

The highway provides access to Lac Pelletier Regional Park and connects to Highway 630.

Lac Pelletier
Lac Pelletier is a natural, spring fed lake in the south-west region of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is located in the RM of Lac Pelletier No. 107 in the semi arid Palliser's Triangle. The lake is named after Norbert Pelletier, who was a Métis man that held the first land grant in the area. The lake has one community, a regional park, and two Bible camps along its shores. Access to the lake and its amenities is from Highway 343.
WTOK-FM
WTOK-FM (102.5 FM), branded on-air as HOT 102.5, is a radio station broadcasting a bilingual Top 40/CHR format. This station is based in San Juan, Puerto Rico, is owned by Uno Radio Group and its license is held by Jesus Soto's WIAC-FM, Inc.

WCMN-FM
WCMN-FM (107.3 MHz), branded on-air as HOT 102.5, is a radio station broadcasting a bilingual Top 40/CHR format. Licensed to Arecibo, Puerto Rico, it serves the Puerto Rico area.  The station is currently owned by Uno Radio Group.

The station is relayed through booster stations, WCMN-FM3 in Ponce and WCMN-FM6 in Mayagüez, which also broadcasts on 107.3 MHz.
Railroad Square District
Railroad Square in downtown Santa Rosa, California is a historic district added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. The area is bounded by Third, Davis, Wilson, Sixth Streets, and Santa Rosa Creek.

Santa Rosa, California
Santa Rosa (Spanish for "Saint Rose") is a city in and the county seat of Sonoma County, in the North Bay region of the Bay Area in California. Its population as of the 2020 census was 178,127. It is the largest city in California's Wine Country and Redwood Coast. It is the fifth most populous city in the Bay Area after San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, and Fremont; and the 27th-most populous city in California.
Greg Valentine
Jonathan Anthony Wisniski (born September 20, 1951) is an American retired professional wrestler, better known as Greg "the Hammer" Valentine. He is the son of wrestler Johnny Valentine.

Over five decades, Valentine held more than 40 championships, including the NWA United States Heavyweight Championship, WWC Universal Heavyweight Championship, WWF Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship, NWA World Tag Team Championship, and WWF World Tag Team Championship. An alumnus of Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling, the World Wrestling Federation and World Championship Wrestling, he was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame Class of 2004 and the Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame in 2016.

Tony Atlas
Anthony White (born  April 23, 1954) better known by his ring name Tony Atlas, is an American bodybuilder, powerlifter, and professional wrestler who has held multiple titles and championships in each sport. He is also known by his bodybuilding title, "Mr. USA", the nom de guerre the "Black Superman", as well as an alter ego named Saba Simba. He returned as an on screen manager for WWE, appearing on its now-defunct ECW brand. He re-signed with WWE on a legends contract in mid-2012.
Apples, Vaud
Apples (French pronunciation: [apl]) is a former municipality in the district of Morges in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland.
On 1 July 2021 the former municipalities of Apples, Cottens, Pampigny, Sévery, Bussy-Chardonney and Reverolle merged into the new municipality of Hautemorges.

Reverolle
Reverolle is a former municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud, located in the district of Morges. On 1 July 2021 the former municipalities of Apples, Cottens, Pampigny, Sévery, Bussy-Chardonney and Reverolle merged into the new municipality of Hautemorges.