hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
American Railway Union
The American Railway Union (ARU) was briefly among the largest labor unions of its time and one of the first industrial unions in the United States. Launched at a meeting held in Chicago in February 1893, the ARU won an early victory in a strike on the Great Northern Railroad in the summer of 1894. This successful strike was followed by the bitter 1894 Pullman Strike in which government troops and the power of the judiciary were enlisted against the ARU, ending with the jailing of the union's leadership for six months in 1895 and effectively crushing the organization. The group's blacklisted and dispirited remnants finally disbanded the organization via amalgamation into the Social Democracy of America (SDA) at its founding convention in June 1897.

Social Democracy of America
The Social Democracy of America (SDA), later known as the Cooperative Brotherhood, was a short lived political party in the United States that sought to combine the planting of an intentional community with political action in order to create a socialist society. It was an organizational forerunner of both the Socialist Party of America (SPA) and the Burley, Washington cooperative socialist colony.

The party split into political and colonization wings at its convention in 1898, with the political actionists establishing themselves as the Social Democratic Party of America (SDP).
The Exchange (band)
The Exchange is an a cappella band from the United States founded in 2012 by Rochester, NY native Aaron Sperber. The group consists of Aaron Sperber, Alfredo Austin, Christopher Diaz, Jamal Moore, and Richard Steighner. The band was a finalist on Season 5 of NBC's musical reality television show "The Sing-Off" and also performed as the Backstreet Boys' opening act during the 2014 “In a World Like This” European tour.

Sperber, Moore, and Steighner were also each contestants on Season 3 of "The Sing-Off". Sperber and Moore competed with the University of Rochester YellowJackets while Steighner was a member of Denver, Colorado based group Urban Method.  Diaz served in a coaching role on the show.

The Sing-Off
The Sing-Off is an American television singing competition featuring a cappella groups. It debuted on NBC on December 14, 2009, and was produced by Sony Pictures Television and Outlaw Productions, with Mark Burnett's One Three Media (for a time called United Artists Media Group) being added for the fourth season. A fifth season aired as a holiday special in December 2014.
Allerton Oak
The Allerton Oak is an Irish oak tree in Calderstones Park in Liverpool, England. It is thought to be around 1,000 years old and is described as the oldest oak in North West England. It is reputed to have been the setting for a medieval hundred court and said to have been damaged in an 1864 gunpowder explosion. The tree won the 2019 English Tree of the Year competition and had been entered into the 2020 European Tree of the Year competition.

Tree of the Year (United Kingdom)
The Tree of the Year competition is held in the United Kingdom in autumn each year by the Woodland Trust, a nationwide conservation charity. Nominated trees are shortlisted by a panel of experts, before going to public votes to select a tree of the year for each of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom. The panel then selects one of these to become Britain's tree of the year and be nominated for the following year's European Tree of the Year. The competition has been run each year since 2014.
Band of the Brigade of Gurkhas
The Band of the Brigade of Gurkhas is a British military band based at Shorncliffe. It supports the British Army and the Brigade of Gurkhas in ceremonial settings, pass off parades, concerts and many other musical support tasks. It is a directly reporting unit of Regional Bands HQ (RBANDS) under London District, which sponsors the promotion of British military music. It is one of two 'Light Pace' regular wind bands in the British Army. (the other being the Band and Bugles of The Rifles). The band has travelled extensively since its inception, travelling more recently to The Falkland Islands, Australia, Brunei, Canada, France, Germany, Nepal, Belgium. Today, musicians from Nepal are chosen during their Gurkha military training. Their musical instruction commences first under Director of Music (DOM) and then under supervision of the Royal Military School of Music.

Band and Bugles of The Rifles
The Band and Bugles of the Rifles is a military band serving as the regimental band for The Rifles, the sole rifle regiment and the largest in the British Army. It is the senior most of three bands in the regiment and is the only one that is part of the regular army. Uniquely, it employs bugles at its front, a tradition that goes back to the conflicts of the 18th century. Major Séan O’Neill is currently serving  as the Director of Music (DOM) of the band and bugles. It is part of the Royal Corps of Army Music.
Bursfelde Abbey
Bursfelde Abbey (in German Kloster Bursfelde) is a former Benedictine monastery located in Bursfelde, a hamlet which for administrative purposes is included in the municipality of nearby Hannoversch Münden in Lower Saxony, Germany.   Today the abbey church and its estate cover a site of approximately 300 hectares which is administered by the Klosterkammer Hannover, a body that operates under the auspices of the Lower Saxony Ministry for Arts and the Sciences to look after reassigned or disused ecclesiastical buildings and other heritage properties in the region.   The legal owner of the Bursfelde Monastery Complex ("Zentrums Kloster Bursfelde") is the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Hanover.

Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Hanover
The Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Hanover (German: Evangelisch-lutherische Landeskirche Hannovers) is a Lutheran church body (Landeskirche) in the northern German state of Lower Saxony and the city of Bremerhaven covering the territory of the former Kingdom of Hanover.

The seat of the Landesbischof (bishop) is the Lower Saxon state capital Hanover. The Marktkirche is the preaching venue of the bishop.
Battle of Bileća
The Battle of Bileća was fought in August 1388 between the forces of the Kingdom of Bosnia, led by Grand Duke Vlatko Vuković, and the Ottoman Empire under the leadership of Lala Shahin Pasha. The Ottoman army broke into Hum, the kingdom's southern region. After days of looting, the invaders clashed with the defending force near the town of Bileća, north-east of Dubrovnik. The battle ended with an Ottoman defeat.

Bileća
Bileća (Serbian Cyrillic: Билећа) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, the town has a population of 7,476 inhabitants, while the municipality has 10,807 inhabitants.
Oppdal Airport, Fagerhaug
Oppdal Airport, Fagerhaug (Norwegian: Oppdal flyplass, Fagerhaug; ICAO: ENOP) is an airport serving Oppdal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located on the south side of the village of Fagerhaug, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of the municipal center of Oppdal, along the European route E6 highway.

Oppdal Municipality
Oppdalⓘ is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Dovre region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Oppdal. Other villages in the municipality include Lønset, Vognillan, Fagerhaugen, and Holan. The Oppdal Airport, Fagerhaug is located in the northeastern part of the municipality.

The 2,274-square-kilometre (878 sq mi) municipality is the 24th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Oppdal Municipality is the 139th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 7,389. The municipality's population density is 3.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.3/sq mi) and its population has increased by 8.4% over the previous 10-year period.
The Descent from the Cross (Rubens, 1600–1602)
Descent from the Cross is an oil-on-canvas painting of 1600–1602 by the Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens, now in the Siegerlandmuseum in the Oberes Schloss in Siegen. It was his first major commissioned work made for the private chapel of Eleonora de’ Medici Gonzaga (1567–1611), duchess of Mantua. The painting remained somewhat obscure until 2001, when it was discovered by German art historian Justus Müller-Hofstede, a specialist on Rubens' early work.

Justus Müller Hofstede
Justus Müller Hofstede (9 May 1929 - 27 April 2015) was a German art historian, the son of the art historian Cornelius Müller Hofstede (1898–1974), who had been director of the Gemäldegalerie in Berlin from 1957 to 1964.
Sangeen Darwaza
Sangeen Darwaza (Urdu pronunciation: [səŋɡiːn d̪əɾʋɑːzɑː] ; Kashmiri pronunciation: [sə̃ɡiːn d̪arʋaːzɨ]) is a historic gateway located in old city of Srinagar, built in 16th century by Mughal emperor Akbar. Sangeen Darwaza along with Kathi Darwaza serves as gateways to the citadel (Hari Parbat Fort) built on Koh-e-Maran hill.

Hari Parbat Fort
Hari Parbat Fort, locally called Koh-e-Maran, is a historical fortification atop the Hari Parbat hill in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. The fort was built during the late 18th/early 19th century by Atta Mohammad Khan, governor of Kashmir under Durrani rule. The fort's rampart dates earlier to the late 16th century, from a non-extant fortification built by Mughal emperor Akbar.
BeIN Sports
beIN Sports (/ˈbiːɪn/ BEE-in) is a Qatari multinational network of sports channels owned and operated by the media group beIN. The network has played a major role in the increased commercialization of Qatari sports. Its chairman is Nasser Al-Khelaifi, and its CEO is Yousef Obaidly.

beIN Sports is the dominant television sports channel in the MENA region. It also operates channels in France, United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Turkey, Hong Kong, Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and Thailand.

BeIN Sports (American TV channel)
BeIN Sports USA is an American pay television sports channel that launched on August 16, 2012. It is part of the BeIN Sports family of channels, a subsidiary of the Qatari-based BeIN Media Group.

BeIN Sports USA primarily airs soccer; featuring coverage of Ligue 1, along with other leagues in Europe. The channel also airs rugby, auto racing, handball, motorcycle racing, tennis and volleyball. A companion network, beIN Sports en Español, carries simulcasts or alternate programming primarily in Spanish, with both networks offering secondary Spanish or English commentary via the second audio program option.

As of December 2023, BeIN Sports is available in 8.97 million households in the United States that subscribe to a pay television service, while beIN Sports en Español is available in 6.152 million.
Jón Páll Sigmarsson
Jón Páll Sigmarsson (28 April 1960 – 16 January 1993) was an Icelandic strongman, powerlifter and bodybuilder. He was the first man to win the World's Strongest Man four times, the only man to win the World Muscle Power Classic five times and the only man to win Pure Strength individual title.

Widely regarded as one of the greatest strength athletes all time, Jón Páll is credited with developing Iceland's strength identity. He also won 13 international competitions and set 24 world records, was named Icelandic Sportsperson of the Year in 1981, and was posthumously inducted into the World's Strongest Man Hall of Fame in 2012.

Pure Strength
Pure Strength was a vintage Strongman championship held for four consecutive years from 1987 to 1990 in Scotland and England which was conceptualized and organized by Dutchman Tjalling van den Bosch. The championships were revered for their creative events combining historical and contemporary elements together.

Some historians and analysts regard the 1987 first edition of the championships, as the replacement for World's Strongest Man which didn't happen that year. The next three editions were team championships, which later inspired the World's Strongest Team.
Great River, New York
Great River is a suburban hamlet and CDP in the Town of Islip in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It is situated approximately 50 miles (80 km) (55 mi driving) east of New York City on the South Shore of Long Island, adjoining the Great South Bay, protected from the Atlantic Ocean by Fire Island.

Great River's name is a translation of "Connetquot," an Algonquian word for "Great River." Prior to the 1900s Great River was primarily home to wealthy families on mansion estates. The population was 2,005 at the time of the 2020 census.

Great River's buildings include a New York City–style steak house in a turn of the century (20th) Public house, a delicatessen, a rural delivery post office and the Great River Fire Department.

Islip Terrace, New York
Islip Terrace (formerly known as Germantown) is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Islip in Suffolk County, on the South Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 5,323 at the time of the 2020 census.
Thorne Island
Thorne Island is a rocky islet and part of the community of Angle, Pembrokeshire, Wales, with an area of 2 acres (8,100 m2), dominated by a coastal artillery fort built to defend the Milford Haven Waterway in the mid-19th century. It has been the site of a number of shipwrecks, including one in 1894 that was carrying a cargo of Scotch whisky.

Angle, Pembrokeshire
Angle (Welsh: Angl) is a village, parish and community on the southern side of the entrance to the Milford Haven Waterway in Pembrokeshire, Wales. The village school has closed, as has the village shop (with a post office). There is a bus link to Pembroke railway station.

The Sailors' Chapel, a Grade I listed building, is in the church graveyard.
At Castle Farm, there is a Pele tower and above Castle Bay there are the remains of an Iron Age fort. On the headland there are visible remains of medieval strip farming.
University of San Jose–Recoletos
The University of San Jose–Recoletos, also referred to by its acronym USJ–R or to its colloquially shortened name San Jose, is a private Catholic research and coeducational basic and higher education institution run by the   Order of Augustinian Recollects in Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines. It was founded by the Augustinian Recollects in 1947. From classes held in an old building and a portion of a convent, the school built modern structures while retaining classic features.

The university has three campuses. Two of which are located in different areas of Metro Cebu – the main campus along Corner P. Lopez and Magallanes Streets while the Basak Campus is at Cebu South Road, Basak Pardo, Cebu City. Its third campus, the Balamban Campus, is located in Arpili, a barangay in the Municipality of Balamban (in the province of Cebu).

Order of Augustinian Recollects
The Order of Augustinian Recollects (OAR) is a mendicant Catholic religious order of friars and nuns. It is a reformist offshoot from the Augustinian hermit friars and follows the same Rule of St. Augustine. They have also been known as the "Discalced Augustinians".
Molise
Molise (UK: /mɒˈliːzeɪ/ mol-EE-zay, US: /ˈmoʊlizeɪ, moʊˈliːzeɪ/ MOH-lee-zay, moh-LEE-zay;Italian: [moˈliːze]) is an administrative region of Italy that covers 4,460.65 km2 (1,722 sq mi), thus being the second smallest region in the country after Aosta Valley; it is located in southern Italy, and has a population of 287,966 as of 2025. Its regional capital is Campobasso, which is also the capital of the Province of Campobasso, one of the two provinces that make up Molise. The other one is the Province of Isernia.

The region was born in 1963 from the division with Abruzzo, with which it formed the region of Abruzzi e Molise.

Molise's small size and relative obscurity led it to become the subject of a popular meme "Molise doesn't exist".

Province of Isernia
The province of Isernia (Italian: provincia di Isernia) is a province in the Molise region of Italy. The provincial capital is the city Isernia and the president of the province is Alfredo Ricci. The province of Isernia has an area of 1,535.24 square kilometres (592.76 sq mi) and a population of 79,236 inhabitants as of 2024, making it Italy's least populous province. It contains 52 comuni (sg.: comune) in the province, listed at comuni of the province of Isernia.
Ginuwa I
Olu Ginuwa (also known as Iginuwa) was an Itsekiri king who was the first Olu of Warri. He was the eldest son of Oba Olua, the 14th Oba of Benin (1473–1480 A.D.) and Heir Apparent to the throne of the Great Benin Kingdom. He migrated from Benin Kingdom and was crowned the first Olu of Warri. He reigned for a period of 30 years. He reigned from 1480 to 1510. He was succeeded by his son, Olu Ijijen (Ogbowuru). Another of his sons, Olu Irame took over as king after Olu Ijijen joined his ancestors.

Ginuwa (c. 1445 – c. 1510) was a Benin prince and the founder of the Kingdom of Warri (also known as Ale-Iwere), serving as its first Olu from around 1480 until his death. He was the eldest son of Oba Olua, the 14th Oba of Benin (r. 1473–1480), and grandson of Oba Ewuare (r. 1440–1473). Ginuwa's migration from Benin established an independent kingdom for the Itsekiri people, marking a pivotal event in the region's history.

Kingdom of Warri
The Kingdom of Warri, Warri Kingdom or Iwere Kingdom, (Itsekiri: Oye Iwere) was established in 1480, and is part of the Nigerian traditional states. Its ancestral capital is based in Ode-Itsekiri, Warri South LGA, Delta State, Nigeria with a palace erected in 1950s in the heart of the city of Warri, Warri South LGA, Delta State, Nigeria.
Korea Baseball Softball Association
The Korea Baseball Softball Association (KBSA; Korean: 대한야구소프트볼협회) is the governing body of baseball in South Korea. KBA was founded in 1946 as Joseon Baseball Association (Korean: 조선야구협회), and renamed in 1954. KBA has been charged with the task of promoting and spreading organised baseball. It is one of two major baseball governing bodies, and the other is Korea Baseball Organization (Korean: 한국야구위원회; KBO). KBA is not confused with KBO, which has been governing professional leagues from 1982. Since Korea Professional Baseball began, KBA has governed the domestic amateur competitions and the national teams for the international competitions except World Baseball Classic (WBC), Asia Series for professional. Besides, the Women's Baseball Association Korea (Korean: 한국여자야구연맹; WBAK) is in charge of women's baseball in South Korea.

Baseball in South Korea
Baseball is believed to have been introduced to Korea in 1905 by American missionaries during the Korean Empire, after which it gradually attained prominence. After the division of the Korean Peninsula into North Korea and South Korea in 1945 and the further destabilisation of the Korean War from 1950–53, baseball has become one of the most popular sports in South Korea. North Korea, under isolationist leadership, does not have the same level of investment in baseball as South Korea. There are 10 professional teams in South Korea's KBO League. Baseball season runs from March to October.
Kargatsky District
Kargatsky District (Russian: Карга́тский райо́н; Kazakh: Қарақат ауданы, Qaraqat aýdany) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 5,396 square kilometers (2,083 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kargat. Population: 18,207 (2010 Census);  22,025 (2002 Census); 25,150 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kargat accounts for 55.2% of the district's total population. Lake Ubinskoye extends into the district's northwest corner.

Ubinskoye (lake)
Ubinskoye (Russian: Убинское озеро) is a freshwater lake located in the Baraba steppe in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia, where it is divided between Ubinsky District in the west and Kargatsky District in the east. The name of the lake derives from Siberian Tatar ubu, meaning swamp or marsh.

Ubinskoye is surrounded by several villages, the largest of which is Chernyy Mys on the northern shore. According to legend, Kuchum, the last Khan of Sibir, sank his treasure in the lake while fleeing from the Russians.
Eunos (automobile)
Eunos (ユーノス, Yūnosu) was a marque of Japanese automaker Mazda, marketed as its upscale, fun to drive line. The brand existed in Japan from 1989 to 1996, when sales operations were integrated into ɛ̃fini, and Australia from 1992 to 1996, when it was integrated into the main Mazda model range as a premium sub-brand.

Mazda
Mazda Motor Corporation (マツダ株式会社, Matsuda Kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Fuchū, Hiroshima, Japan. The company was founded on January 30, 1920, as Toyo Cork Kogyo Co., Ltd., a cork-making factory, by Jujiro Matsuda. The company then acquired Abemaki Tree Cork Company. It changed its name to Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. in 1927 and started producing vehicles in 1931.

Mazda is known for its innovative technologies, such as the Wankel engine, the SkyActiv platform, and the Kodo Design language. It also has a long history of motorsport involvement, winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1991 with the rotary-powered Mazda 787B. In the past and present, Mazda has been engaged in alliances with other automakers. From 1974 until the late 2000s, Ford was a major shareholder of Mazda. Other partnerships include Toyota, Nissan, Isuzu, Suzuki and Kia. In 2023, it produced 1.1 million vehicles globally.
Gun truck
A gun truck is an armored vehicle with 
one or more crew-served weapons, typically based on a military truck. Gun trucks often have improvised vehicle armor, such as scrap metal, concrete, gravel, or sandbags, which is added to a heavy truck.

Improvised vehicle armour
Improvised vehicle armour is a form of vehicle armour consisting of protective materials added to a vehicle such as a car, truck, or tank in an irregular and extemporized fashion using available materials. Typically, improvised armour is added in the field and it was not originally part of the design, an official up-armour kit, nor centrally planned and distributed. Improvised armour is used to protect occupants from small arms, crew-served weapons, artillery (or tank gun) fire, and anti-tank mines. Improvised additions have included metal plate, scrap metal, sandbags, concrete, wood, and, since at least the 2000s, Kevlar. These materials vary widely in their ballistic protection.

Improvised vehicle armour has appeared on the battlefield for as long as vehicles have been used in combat. Though usually used in military or conflict contexts, improvised vehicle armour has also been used in non-combat contexts, such as to protect the vehicles of strikebreakers.
Gerald Innes
Gerald Alfred Skerten Innes (16 November 1931 – 11 July 1982) was a South African cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1950 to 1964 and toured Australia and New Zealand with the South African team in 1952–53.

South African cricket team in Australia in 1952–53
The South Africa national cricket team toured Australia in the 1952–53 season and played five Test matches against Australia.  The series was drawn 2–2, the first time a rubber between the two sides had not been won by Australia.

From Australia, the South African side moved on to play two Test matches, two other first-class matches and one minor match in New Zealand; see South African cricket team in New Zealand in 1952–53. On the return from New Zealand, the team played one further match against Western Australia in Perth.

On the Australian legs of the tour, including the Test matches, 16 first-class matches were played, of which four were won by the South Africans, three lost, and nine drawn. Of the six minor matches in Australia, three were won and three drawn. In New Zealand, one Test match was won by the South Africans, and all other matches were drawn.