hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amenmesse
Amenmesse (also Amenmesses or Amenmeses) was the fifth pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty in Ancient Egypt, possibly the son of Merneptah and Queen Takhat. Others consider him to be one of the innumerable sons of Ramesses II. Very little is known about this pharaoh, who ruled Egypt for only three to four years. Various Egyptologists date his reign between 1202 BC–1199 BC or 1203 BC–1200 BC with others giving an accession date of 1200 BC. Amenmesse means "born of or fashioned by Amun" in Egyptian. Additionally, his nomen can be found with the epithet Heqa-waset, which means "Ruler of Thebes". His royal name was Menmire Setepenre.

Merneptah
Merneptah (/ˈmɛrnɛptɑː, mərˈnɛptɑː/) or Merenptah (reigned 13 August 1213–2 May 1203 BCE) was the fourth pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. According to contemporary historical records, he ruled Egypt for almost ten years, from 13 August 1213 until his death on 2 May 1203. He was the first royal-born pharaoh since Tutankhamun of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt.

Merneptah was the thirteenth son of Ramesses II, only coming to power because all of his older brothers had died, including his full brother Khaemweset.

He was around fifty years old when he ascended to the throne. He is arguably best known for the Merneptah Stele, featuring the first known mention of the name Israel. His throne name was Ba-en-re Mery-netjeru, which means "Soul of Ra, Beloved of the Gods".
Digital Visual Interface
Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is a video display interface developed by the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG). The digital interface is used to connect a video source, such as a video display controller, to a display device, such as a computer monitor. It was developed with the intention of creating an industry standard for the transfer of uncompressed digital video content.

DVI devices manufactured as DVI-I have support for analog connections, and are compatible with the analog VGA interface by including VGA pins, while DVI-D devices are digital-only. This compatibility, along with other advantages, led to its widespread acceptance over competing digital display standards Plug and Display (P&D) and Digital Flat Panel (DFP). Although DVI is predominantly associated with computers, it is sometimes used in other consumer electronics such as television sets and DVD players.

VESA Plug and Display
VESA Plug and Display (abbreviated as P&D) is a video connector that carries digital signals for monitors, such as flat panel displays and video projectors, ratified by Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) in 1997. Introduced around the same time as the competing connectors for the Digital Visual Interface (DVI, 1999) and VESA's own Digital Flat Panel (DFP, 1999), it was marketed as a replacement for the VESA Enhanced Video Connector (EVC, 1994). Unlike DVI, it never achieved widespread implementation.

The P&D connector shares the 30-pin plus quad-coax layout of EVC, which carries digital video, analog video, and data over Universal Serial Bus (USB) and IEEE 1394 (FireWire). At a minimum, the P&D connector is required to carry digital video, in which case the connector is designated P&D-D; when both digital and analog video are included, the connector is designated P&D-A/D.
German-speaking Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia
The German-speaking Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (known as GELC, GELK, or DELK) is a Lutheran denomination based in Namibia. It was founded in 1960, and has 4,100 members in 2023.

GELC joined the Lutheran World Federation in 1963. It is also a member of the Council of Churches in Namibia.

Along with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Republic of Namibia, GELC formed the United Church Council of the Lutheran Churches in Namibia in 2007. The aim of this body is ultimately to achieve church union.

Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia
The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (ELCIN) is a Lutheran denomination based in Namibia. It had a total membership of over 853,522 in 2023, mainly in northern Namibia. Formerly known as the Evangelical Lutheran Ovambo-Kavango Church (ELOC), it played a significant role in opposition to Apartheid in Namibia and was part of the Namibian independence struggle.

Other Lutheran churches in Namibia are the southern-based Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Republic of Namibia and the German-speaking Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia (GELK).

The last presiding bishop was Shekutaamba Nambala. He retired in 2021; by the end of 2022, the post was still vacant.

On the 14 August 2024 during Synod XXV at the ELCIN center in Ongwediva, two bishops were elected: Rev Hilja Ndatala - Eenyofi Nghaangulwa for the Eastern Diocese and Rev Gideon Niitenge for the Western Diocese. Hilja is the first female pastor to be elected as bishop.
Dunedin Thunder
The Dunedin Thunder, currently the Phoenix Thunder for sponsorship reasons, is a men's ice hockey team based in Dunedin, New Zealand, and are members of the New Zealand Ice Hockey League. The club plays their home games at the Dunedin Ice Stadium. The Thunder were founded in 2008 and joined the league as an expansion team. The clubs won their first regular season title in 2013 and have finished as runner-up in the playoffs in 2013 and 2014, losing on both occasions to the Canterbury Red Devils.

Canterbury Red Devils
The Canterbury Red Devils is an ice hockey team based in Christchurch, New Zealand, and are members of the New Zealand Ice Hockey League. The club plays their home games at the Alpine Ice Centre. Since their foundation in 2005 the team have won both the regular season title and the playoffs on four occasions with their most recent coming in the 2014 NZIHL season.
Jevan Snead
Jevan Bryce Snead (September 2, 1987 – September 21, 2019) was an American professional football quarterback. He played college football at Ole Miss after Colt McCoy won the starting quarterback position over him for the Texas Longhorns football team. He was signed by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers as an undrafted free agent but was cut from the team and was later a preseason member of the Tampa Bay Storm.

Colt McCoy
Daniel "Colt" McCoy (born September 5, 1986) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback for 13 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Texas Longhorns, winning several awards and honors as a senior in 2009 and ranking second all-time in games won by an FBS quarterback. McCoy was selected by the Cleveland Browns in the third round of the 2010 NFL draft and was also a member of the San Francisco 49ers, Washington Redskins, New York Giants, and Arizona Cardinals, primarily being used as a backup.
Type Two 63 ft HSL
The Type Two HSL was a 63-foot high-speed launch craft made by British Power Boat Company (BPBC). The craft were used during the Second World War for air-sea rescue operations to save Allied aircrew from the sea. The Type Two superseded the 64 ft HSL, and was itself replaced by the Type Three 68 ft "Hants and Dorset" also built by the BPBC. The Type Two (aka Type 2) was nicknamed the "Whaleback" due to the distinctive curve to its deck and humped cabin.

High-speed launch
A high-speed launch (HSL) is a type of military boat typically used for air-sea rescue operations.  The British Royal Air Force (RAF) and others used HSLs especially during World War II.

The 64 ft. high-speed, air/sea rescue launch built by British Power Boat Company (BPBC) was one of the earliest high-speed offshore rescue vessel used by the Royal Air Force. The prototype, numbered 100, gave its name to the class as the "100 class"; High Speed Launch 102 is the only surviving boat from that class. It was tested in 1936 and production boats were delivered in 1937.

Later designs included the 1941 Type Two 63 ft HSL "Whaleback", an adaptation of a motor anti-submarine boat, the first HSL to include gun turrets. British Power Boat chief designer George Selman later designed the 68 ft. "Hants & Dorset"

By May 1944, The RAF had 130 HSLs.
Fajitagate
Fajitagate was a series of legal and political incidents in San Francisco, United States, that began with a street fight outside a neighborhood bar between three off-duty San Francisco Police officers and two other local residents over a bag of fajitas, leading to numerous civil and criminal complaints, police misconduct allegations and eventually, the resignation of the city's Chief of Police and Deputy Chief of Police.

San Francisco Police Department
The San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) is the municipal law enforcement agency of the City and County of San Francisco, as well as San Francisco International Airport in San Mateo County. In 2000, the SFPD was the 11th largest police department in the United States.

The SFPD (along with the San Francisco Fire Department and the San Francisco Sheriff's Department) serves an estimated population of 1.2 million, including the daytime-commuter population and thousands of other tourists and visitors.

The department's motto is the same as that of the city and county: Oro en paz, fierro en guerra, Spanish for Gold in peace, iron in war.
Air Malta
Air Malta, stylized as airmalta, was a Maltese airline headquartered in Luqa and based at Malta International Airport. It operated services as the country's flag carrier to destinations in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Air Malta ceased operations on 30 March 2024 and was replaced on the next day with a new flag carrier, KM Malta Airlines.

KM Malta Airlines
KM Malta Airlines Ltd is the flag carrier of Malta headquartered in Luqa, and the successor to Air Malta. The airline operates scheduled passenger services to destinations between Malta and Europe using a fleet of Airbus aircraft, from its hub at Malta International Airport. It was established in 2024 following the cessation of operations of Air Malta, which it succeeded as Malta’s national airline.
KF Naftëtari
Klubi i Futbollit Naftëtari, commonly known as Naftëtari, is an Albanian football club based in Kuçovë. Their home ground is the Bashkim Sulejmani Stadium and they currently compete in the Kategoria e Dytë.

Naftëtari means Oilmen, with Kuçovë being the centre of the Albanian oil industry.

Bashkim Sulejmani Stadium
The Bashkim Sulejmani Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Kuçovë, Albania.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Naftëtari.  The stadium holds 5,000 spectators  It is named after Bashkim Sulejmani, a hero of the city.
MBC 1 (Saudi TV channel)
MBC 1 (Arabic: إم بي سي 1) is a free-to-air Saudi Arabian general entertainment television channel. It is owned by the media conglomerate MBC Group, and targets viewers across the Middle East and North Africa. It is headquartered in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and is considered one of the most popular television channels in the Arab world.

MBC Group
MBC Group is a Saudi media conglomerate and the leading media group in the Middle East and North Africa, widely described as the region’s largest broadcaster. It was launched in 1991 by Saudi businessman Waleed bin Ibrahim, who serves as its chairman. The group is majority owned by the State Public Investment Fund.
Tiourarén Formation
The Tiourarén Formation is a geological formation in the Agadez Region of Niger whose strata were originally thought to be Early Cretaceous. However, re-interpretation of the sediments showed that they are probably Middle or Late Jurassic (Bathonian-Oxfordian) in age. Other works suggested it reaches the Barremian. It is the uppermost unit of the Irhazer Group. Dinosaur remains & other vertebrates are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. Originally part of the "Argiles de l'Ihrazer", the Tiouaren Formation primarily comprises reddish to purple siltstones with occasional marls, limestones, and scarce channel sandstones.

Irhazer Shale
The Irhazer Shale (French: Argiles de l'Irhazer) or Irhazer II Formation is a Middle Jurassic geologic formation of the Irhazer Group in the Agadez Region of Niger. Fossil ornithopod tracks have been reported from the formation. The dinosaur Spinophorosaurus is known from the formation.
New Heliopolis
New Heliopolis (Arabic: هليوبوليس الجديدة) is a large 5400-acre real estate development located in the satellite city of Shorouk, Cairo Governorate, Egypt. Land for the development was allocated by the Presidential Decree 193/1995 to the Heliopolis Company for Housing and Development, making it the company's largest land allocation since it bought its original 6100-acre plot to build the Heliopolis Oasis in 1905.

The development has sold plots to individuals, as well sold to, or partnered with companies to build gated communities, reducing the area under the company's ownership by 2021 to just under 4000 acres.

Heliopolis, Cairo
Heliopolis (Arabic: مصر الجديدة, romanized: Miṣr al-Jadīda, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [ˈmɑsˤɾ el ɡɪˈdiːdæ, -eɡ-], lit. "New Egypt") was an early 20th-century suburb outside Cairo, Egypt, which has since merged with Cairo and is administratively divided into the districts of Masr El Gedida and El Nozha in the Eastern Area.

Named after the ancient Egyptian city of Heliopolis, whose ruins have been found in nearby Ain Shams, modern Heliopolis was established in 1905 by the Heliopolis Oasis Company headed by the Belgian industrialist Édouard Empain and by Boghos Nubar, son of the Egyptian Prime Minister Nubar Pasha.

The population in January 2022 of Masr El Gedida was estimated to be 142,017 and in El-Nozha was 244,869 people.
Tougher Than the Rest
"Tougher Than the Rest" is a song by the American singer-songwriter Bruce Springsteen from his 1987 Tunnel of Love album.  It was released as a single in some countries, following "Brilliant Disguise" and the title track, but was not released as a single in the United States. It reached as high as No. 3 on the Swiss charts, and also reached the Top 20 in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Austria. While the song is not one of his most popular ones in the United States, it sold much better in the United Kingdom and is one of Springsteen's most beloved songs in Europe.

Brilliant Disguise
"Brilliant Disguise" is a song by the American singer-songwriter Bruce Springsteen from his 1987 album Tunnel of Love. It was released as the first single from the album, reaching the No. 5 position on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and No. 1 on the Mainstream Rock chart in the United States. The follow-up single, "Tunnel of Love", also reached No. 1 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, giving Springsteen two consecutive No. 1's. The single reached the top 10 in four additional countries including Canada and Ireland and the top 20 in Australia, Netherlands and the United Kingdom. "Brilliant Disguise" was nominated for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the 1988 Grammy Awards.
Government of the Mughal Empire
The government of the Mughal Empire was a highly centralised bureaucracy, most of which was instituted during the rule of the third Mughal emperor, Akbar.  The central government was headed by the Mughal emperor; immediately beneath him were four ministries. The finance/revenue ministry was responsible for controlling revenues from the empire's territories, calculating tax revenues, and using this information to distribute assignments. The ministry of the military (army/intelligence) was headed by an official titled mir bakhshi, who was in charge of military organisation, messenger service, and the mansabdari system. The ministry in charge of law/religious patronage was the responsibility of the sadr as-sudr, who appointed judges and managed charities and stipends. Another ministry was dedicated to the imperial household and public works.

Bakhshi (Mughal Empire)
The Bakhshi (lit. 'Giver') in the Mughal Empire denoted a number of hierarchical government officials, typically involved with military administration and intelligence. The offices were introduced during the reign of Mughal emperor Akbar. Bakhshis were found in both the central and provincial administration; the most notable kind of bakhshi was the mir bakhshi, one of the empire's four ministers, broadly in charge of administering the mansabdari system (and the military therein). The mir bakhshi was the second-highest official in the Mughal Empire, after the imperial wazir.
DST Global
DST Global is a venture capital and private equity firm that primarily invests in late-stage internet companies. DST Global's founder is Yuri Milner and its co-founders are Saurabh Gupta, John Lindfors, Rahul Mehta and Tom Stafford. The company was founded in 2009 as a spinoff from Russian company Digital Sky Technologies, which became Mail.ru Group (later the VK company). In the early 2010s, DST Global international investments were focused on emerging markets such as China.

VK (company)
VK, known as Mail.ru Group until 12 October 2021, is a Russian technology company. It started in 1998 as the parent company of Mail.ru, an e-mail service, and went on to become a major corporate figure in the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet.

VK operates an e-mail service, Internet portal Mail.ru, and Russian social networking services VK, Odnoklassniki and Moi Mir. Additionally, VK manages various e-commerce, transport and communication platforms. It also offers business-oriented products, including a corporate email and communication system.

In 2014, VK's sites reached approximately 86% of Russian Internet users on a monthly basis, and the company was in the top 5 of the largest Internet companies based on the number of total pages viewed.

In October 2021, Mail.ru Group was renamed VK Company Limited, after its most popular product, VKontakte.
Worldwar: In the Balance
Worldwar: In the Balance is a 1994 alternate history novel by American writer Harry Turtledove. It is the first novel of the Worldwar Tetralogy, as well as the first installment in the extended Worldwar series that includes the Colonization trilogy and the novel Homeward Bound.  The plot begins in late 1941, while the Earth is torn apart by World War II. An alien fleet arrives to conquer the planet, forcing the warring nations to make uneasy alliances against the invaders. Meanwhile, the aliens, who refer to themselves as the Race, discover that their enemy is far fiercer and more technologically advanced than expected.

Worldwar series
The Worldwar series is the fan name given to a series of eight alternate history science fiction novels by Harry Turtledove. Its premise is an alien invasion of Earth during World War II, with a timeline ranging from 1942 to 2031. The series includes Turtledove's Worldwar tetralogy, the Colonization trilogy, and the novel Homeward Bound. The early series was nominated for a Sidewise Award for Alternate History in 1996.
Luca Carlevarijs
Luca Carlevarijs or Carlevaris (20 January 1663 – 12 February 1730) was an Italian painter and engraver working mainly in Venice.  He pioneered the genre of the cityscapes (vedute) of Venice, a genre that was later widely followed by artists such as Canaletto and Francesco Guardi.

Canaletto
Giovanni Antonio Canal (18 October 1697 – 19 April 1768), commonly known as Canaletto (Italian: [kanaˈletto]), was an Italian painter from the Republic of Venice, considered an important member of the 18th-century Venetian school.

Painter of cityscapes or vedute, of Venice, Rome, and London, he also painted imaginary views (referred to as capricci), although the demarcation in his works between the real and the imaginary is never quite clearcut. He was further an important printmaker using the etching technique. In the period from 1746 to 1756, he worked in England, where he painted many views of London and other sites, including Warwick Castle and Alnwick Castle. He was highly successful in England, thanks to the British merchant and connoisseur Joseph "Consul" Smith, whose large collection of Canaletto's works was sold to King George III in 1762.
English carrack Holigost
Holigost (sometimes rendered as Holy Ghost) was a carrack of the English navy rebuilt for Henry V. Originally a Castillian vessel called Santa Clara, she was captured c. 1413–14. She served until 1422 and later sank at her moorings. Her wreck is believed to have been found in the River Hamble, Hampshire, near the wreck of her larger contemporary, the Grace Dieu. The wreck is a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England.

Grace Dieu (ship)
Grace Dieu was the flagship of King Henry V of England and one of the largest ships of her time.  Launched in 1418, she sailed on only one voyage and was subsequently laid up at anchor in the River Hamble. She burned in 1439 after being struck by lightning. The wreck is a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England.
Theory of the firm
The theory of the firm consists of a number of economic theories that explain and predict the nature of a firm: e.g. a business, company, corporation, etc... The nature of the firm includes its origin, continued existence, behaviour, structure, and relationship to the market. Firms are key drivers in economics, providing goods and services in return for monetary payments and rewards. Organisational structure, incentives, employee productivity, and information all influence the successful operation of a firm both in the economy and in its internal processes. As such, major economic theories such as transaction cost theory, managerial economics and behavioural theory of the firm provide conceptual frameworks for an in-depth analysis on various types of firms and their management.

Transaction cost
In economics, a transaction cost is a cost incurred when making an economic trade when participating in a market.

The idea that transactions form the basis of economic thinking was introduced by the institutional economist John R. Commons in 1931. Oliver E. Williamson's Transaction Cost Economics article, published in 2008, popularized the concept of transaction costs. Douglass C. North argues that institutions, understood as the set of rules in a society, are key in the determination of transaction costs. In this sense, institutions that facilitate low transaction costs can boost economic growth.

Alongside production costs, transaction costs are one of the most significant factors in business operation and management.
Theodoriana
Theodoriana (Greek: Θεοδώριανα) is a village and former community in the Arta regional unit, Epirus, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality, Central Tzoumerka, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 44.398 km2. In 2011 its population was 348 for the community (including the village Skarpari). Northeast is the Trikala regional unit. The Pindos and the Athamanian mountains cross the northeastern part.  The Acheloos river flows by the village along with the GR-30 (Arta - Trikala).

The entire area of Theodoriana are mountains and pine trees along with forests dominate the whole municipality except for the upper parts and the valley areas where farmlands are located.  Some of its residents live only during the summer months and leave during the winter months.  In March 2006, the village and the area was featured on an episode of Travelling in Greece (Menoume Ellada) on ERT.

Central Tzoumerka
Central Tzoumerka (Greek: Κεντρικά Τζουμέρκα) is a municipality in the Arta regional unit, Epirus, Greece. The seat of the municipality is the village Vourgareli. The municipality has an area of 509.231 km2. The municipality is named after the Tzoumerka mountains.