hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces (Egypt)
The Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces (Egyptian Arabic: رئيس أركان حرب القوات المسلحة, romanized: Rayiys 'arkan harb alquaat almusalaha) is the second-in-command of the Egyptian Armed Forces, following the Minister of Defense and the President. The Chief of the General Staff typically holds the second-highest military rank in the Armed Forces. The commanders of the Navy, Air Force and Air Defense Forces report to the Chief of the General Staff, while the Army is under the direct command of the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces.

Ministry of Defense (Egypt)
The Egyptian Ministry of Defense is the ministry responsible for the Egyptian Armed Forces organization and manages its affairs and maintains its facilities. It also handles the affairs of colleges and military recruitment, mobilization and management of veterans and military factories in Egypt through the Armed Forces Management and Administration Agency.

It was established in 1879 by Khedive Isma'il Pasha and was then called the Ministry of War, until it was renamed to the Ministry of Defense on 14 May 1971. Egypt's Ministry of Defense is based in Cairo and the headquarters is called The Octagon, located in the New Administrative Capital.
Ofu County
Ofu County is a county in the Manu'a District in American Samoa. It was the result of the subdivision of the prior Luanuu County in two, with the other newly created county being Olosega, first reported on the 1930 U.S. Census. It is now contiguous with its only village, Ofu.

Luanuu County
Luanuu County is a former county in the Manu'a District in American Samoa. It reported on the 1912 special census and the 1920 U.S. Census. It was subdivided into the present Ofu and Olosega Counties in 1930. It contained the villages of Ofu, Olosega and Sili.
Ankylosphenodon
Ankylosphenodon is an extinct genus of sphenodontian known from multiple specimens recovered from the Early Cretaceous deposits of the Tlayúa Formation, near Tepexi de Rodriguez, Mexico. It is likely part of a sphenodontid lineage that also includes Eilenodon and Toxolophosaurus, though has similarities to the sapheosaur clade. Its skeleton is pachyostotic (thickened) skeleton, believed to be an adaptation for a semi-aquatic lifestyle. Its teeth appear to have grown continuously, like in rodents.

Sapheosaur
Sapheosaurs are an extinct group of rhynchocephalian reptiles from the Late Jurassic period. "Sapheosaurs" is an informal name for a group of rhynchocephalians closely related to the genus Sapheosaurus. It was first recognized as a group containing multiple genera by Hoffstetter in 1955. The group has sometimes been given a formal taxonomic name as the family Sapheosauridae, although in some analyses this group belongs to the family Sphenodontidae (which also contains the tuatara, the only living rhynchocephalian) and thus cannot be assigned its own family. They were fairly advanced rhynchocephalians which may have had semiaquatic habits.
Peirce's law
In logic, Peirce's law is named after the philosopher and logician Charles Sanders Peirce.  It was taken as an axiom in his first axiomatisation of propositional logic.  It can be thought of as the law of excluded middle written in a form that involves only one sort of connective, namely implication.

In propositional calculus, Peirce's law says that ((P→Q)→P)→P.  Written out, this means that P must be true if there is a proposition Q such that the truth of P follows from the truth of "if P then Q".

Peirce's law does not hold in intuitionistic logic or intermediate logics and cannot be deduced from the deduction theorem alone.

Under the Curry–Howard isomorphism, Peirce's law is the type of continuation operators, e.g. call/cc in Scheme.

Law of excluded middle
In logic, the law of excluded middle or the principle of excluded middle states that for every proposition, either this proposition or its negation is true. Symbolically expressed, the law is (p ∨ ~p).

The law  of the excluded middle is also known as the law/principle of the excluded third, in Latin principium tertii exclusi. Another Latin designation for the law is tertium non datur or "no third [possibility] is given".

In classical logic, the law of the excluded middle is taken as a tautology. Intuitionistic logic, by contrast, does not affirm the law.
Joe Davis (footballer, born 1993)
Joseph Steven Davis (born 10 November 1993) is an English semi-professional footballer who plays as a centre back for Midland League Premier Division club Northwich Victoria.

Davis is son of professional manager Steve Davis and brother of Harry Davis. He came through the Port Vale Academy and played a minor role as the club secured promotion out of League Two in the 2012–13 season. He left Port Vale to join Leicester City in June 2014. He was loaned out to Fleetwood Town in October 2015 before joining the club permanently three months later. He re-signed with Port Vale in June 2017 and was loaned to York City in November 2018. He left Port Vale for Nantwich Town in March 2019 before retiring in June 2020 to pursue a career in the media. After five years away from the game, he signed with Northwich Victoria in June 2025.

Steve Davis (footballer, born 1965)
Steven Peter Davis (born 26 July 1965) is an English football manager and former professional footballer who is currently a trainer scout for Wolverhampton Wanderers.

As a defender, he played over 100 league games at each of three clubs: Crewe Alexandra, Burnley and Barnsley. After managing Cheshire-based non-league teams Northwich Victoria and Nantwich Town, he was appointed assistant manager at Crewe Alexandra in 2009. Two years later, in November 2011, he was appointed Crewe manager, winning a Wembley play-off final in 2012 and the EFL Trophy in 2013. He left Crewe in January 2017 (at which date he was the fourth longest serving manager in the top four divisions of English football) and then head coach at National League club Leyton Orient for just over four months to November 2017. He later joined Wolves as under-18s coach. In October 2022 he became interim manager of Wolves' first team ahead of Julen Lopetegui taking charge from 14 November 2022.
Interstate 85 in Alabama
Interstate 85 (I-85) is a part of the Interstate Highway System that runs from Montgomery, Alabama, to Petersburg, Virginia. In Alabama, the Interstate Highway runs 80 miles (130 km) from I-65 in Montgomery northeast to the Georgia state line near Valley. Although it is nominally north–south as it carries an odd number, I-85 travels east–west through the state. It is the primary highway between Montgomery and Atlanta. The Interstate also connects Montgomery with Tuskegee, Auburn, Opelika, and, indirectly, Phenix City and Columbus, Georgia.

Interstate 65 in Alabama
Interstate 65 (I-65) meanders across 366 miles (589 km) of the Alabama countryside linking six of the state's 10 largest cities. The highway links together many important roadways that make commerce inside and outside of the state's boundaries possible. It starts at I-10 near Mobile. The route passes through or near the major cities of Montgomery, Birmingham, Decatur, Huntsville, and Athens before entering Tennessee in the north near the town of Ardmore, Alabama.

The entire Alabama portion of I-65 is dedicated as Heroes Highway in honor of Central Intelligence Agency officer Johnny Micheal Spann and all of the people who died during the September 11 attacks.
2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene
2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene, HFO-1234yf, is a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) with molecular formula CH2=CFCF3.  Its primary application is as a refrigerant with low global warming potential (GWP).

As a refrigerant, it is designated R-1234yf and marketed under the names Opteon YF by Chemours and as Solstice yf by Honeywell. R-1234yf is also a component of zeotropic refrigerant blend R-454B.

HFO-1234yf has a GWP less than carbon dioxide, itself 1,430 times less potent than R-134a.  For this reason, 2,3,3,3‑tetrafluoropropene is the pre-eminent replacement for R-134a in vehicular air conditioners. As of 2022, 90% of new U.S. vehicles are estimated to use HFO-1234yf.

Unlike previous vehicular refrigerants, 2,3,3,3‑tetrafluoropropene is flammable; how much risk this poses is discussed below. One drawback is it breaks down into short-chain perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs), which are persistent organic pollutants.

1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (also known as norflurane (INN), R-134a, Klea 134a, Freon 134a, Forane 134a, Genetron 134a, Green Gas, Florasol 134a, Suva 134a, HFA-134a, or HFC-134a) is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) and haloalkane refrigerant with thermodynamic properties similar to R-12 (dichlorodifluoromethane) but with insignificant ozone depletion potential and a lower 100-year global warming potential (1,430, compared to R-12's GWP of 10,900). It has the formula CF3CH2F and a boiling point of −26.3 °C (−15.34 °F) at atmospheric pressure.  R-134a cylinders are colored light blue.  A phaseout and transition to HFO-1234yf and other refrigerants, with GWPs similar to CO2, began in 2012 within the automotive market.
Marjukka Virta
Marjukka Virta (born 1983 in Karinainen, Finland) is a retired elite Finnish ringette player who played forward in semi-professional ringette in Finland and for the Finland national ringette team, but now coaches the sport.

Virta (now retired as a player) has  won six World Ringette Championships gold and one silver as a player for Team Finland Senior. For six of those national team world victories, Virta was the captain.

As a semi-professional player, Virta played in Finland's SM Ringette league, Finland's premiere ringette league, formerly known as Ringeten SM-sarja.

The Finnish ringette association, Ringette Finland, froze Virta's jersey number 4 on November 1, 2022, in Turku and is the first Finnish ringette player in history to receive this honour. The freeze officially took place in the Rajupaja Areena before the game against Team Canada.

SM Ringette
SM Ringette, previously "Ringeten SM-sarja", is the elite semi-professional ringette league in Finland's first division and its highest. The league features the best ringette players in Finland and is run by Ringette Finland. The league was known as Ringeten SM-sarja until it was rebranded in 2021 and is known as the "Finnish National Ringette League" by English speakers. The National Ringette League (NRL) is its Canadian equivalent.

The league has been in operation since the 1987–88 winter season and a number of its clubs competed in the Ringette World Club Championship when the international club tournament existed. Several of the league's players have played for the Finland national ringette team at the World Ringette Championships including Marjukka Virta, Anne Pohjola, and Susanna Tapani.
Kazma Sakamoto
Kazma Sakamoto (born 1 October 1982) is a Japanese professional wrestler.

He originally started his career working for Kaientai Dojo in Japan, where he became a one-time Strongest-K Champion and a three-time Strongest-K Tag Team Champion alongside Ryota Chikuzen, Kengo Mashimo and Miyawaki. He spent two years working for WWE, as well as for its development brands, Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW) and NXT. After his release from WWE, he returned to Japan working as a freelancer for Kaientai Dojo (K-Dojo), Pro Wrestling Zero1 (Zero1) and Wrestle-1 (W-1), the latter of which he signed for in 2015. A year later, his contract with Wrestle-1 expired, and he returned to freelancing work, later appearing for Pro Wrestling Noah (Noah), Dragon Gate (DG) and Gleat.

Miyawaki (wrestler)
Miyawaki (stylized in all capital letters; born June 28, 1977) is a Japanese professional wrestler, best known for his work in the Kaientai Dojo and Osaka Pro Wrestling promotions. He has also wrestled in the United States for Chikara and Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG).
Brooks (DJ)
Thijs Westbroek (Dutch pronunciation: [tɛis ˈʋɛstbruk]; born 14 April 1995), better known by his stage name Brooks, is a Dutch disc jockey, record producer and electronic musician. He is best known for his collaborations with Martin Garrix ("Byte", "Like I Do") and David Guetta ("Better When You're Gone", "Like I Do"), as well as for his numerous high-profile remixes.

Martin Garrix
Martijn Gerard Garritsen (Dutch pronunciation: [mɑrˈtɛin ɣəˈrɑrt‿ˈxɑrɪtsə(n)]; born 14 May 1996), known professionally as Martin Garrix and also as Ytram or GRX, is a Dutch DJ and record producer. Best known for his singles "Animals", "In the Name of Love", and "Scared to Be Lonely", he was ranked number one on DJ Mag's Top 100 DJs list in 2016, 2017, and 2018.

Garrix has performed at music festivals such as Coachella, Electric Daisy Carnival, Ultra Music Festival, Tomorrowland, and Creamfields. In 2014, he headlined the first edition of Ultra South Africa, making this his first major festival. In the same year, he became the youngest DJ to headline 2014 Ultra Music Festival at the age of 17. He was a resident DJ at Spain's Hï Ibiza (2017) and Ushuaïa Ibiza (2016 and 2018). He founded the label Stmpd Rcrds in 2016, months after leaving Spinnin' Records and before signing with Sony Music.
É
É or é (e-acute) is a letter of the Latin alphabet. In English, it is used for loanwords (such as French résumé), romanization (Japanese Pokémon) (Balinese Dénpasar, Buléléng) or occasionally as a pronunciation aid in poetry, to indicate stress on an unusual syllable.

Languages may use é to indicate a certain sound (French), stress pattern (Spanish), length (Czech) or tone (Vietnamese, Chinese), as well as to write loanwords or distinguish identical-sounding words (Dutch). Certain romanization systems such as pinyin (Standard Chinese) also use é for tone. Some languages use the letter only in specific contexts, such as in Indonesian dictionaries.

Acute accent
The acute accent (´, ◌́) is a diacritic used in many modern written languages with alphabets based on the Latin, Cyrillic, and Greek scripts. For the most commonly encountered uses of the accent in the Latin and Greek alphabets, precomposed characters are available.
Clifton Springs, New York
Clifton Springs is a village located in Ontario County, New York, United States.  The population was 2,209 at the 2020 Census. The village takes its name from local mineral springs.

The Village of Clifton Springs is located primarily in the Town of Manchester, but the eastern part is in the Town of Phelps.  The village is southeast of Rochester, NY.

(The area and population reported and analyzed in this article are also reflected in the aggregate values reported for the town as a whole. See: Manchester (town), New York.)

Manchester, New York
Manchester is a town in Ontario County, New York, United States. The population was 9,406 at the 2020 census. The town was named after one of its villages, which in turn was named after the city of Manchester in England. It was formed in 1822 from the town of Farmington.

The Town of Manchester includes a village also named Manchester. The town is northeast of the city of Canandaigua.
Honey Lacuna
Maria Sheilah "Honey" Honrado Lacuna-Pangan (born May 6, 1965) is a Filipina physician and politician who served as the 28th mayor of Manila, the capital city of the Philippines, from 2022 to 2025. The first woman to become the city's mayor, Lacuna previously served as the city's 33rd and second female vice mayor from 2016 to 2022, as officer-in-charge of the Manila Department of Social Welfare from 2013 to 2015, and as a member of the Manila City Council from 2004 to 2013. She is a daughter of the former vice mayor Danilo Lacuna.

Danny Lacuna
Danilo "Danny" Bautista Lacuna Sr. (March 23, 1938 – August 13, 2023) was a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the 20th, 26th and 31st Vice Mayor of Manila. He was the father of former Manila Mayor Honey Lacuna and was a mentor of incumbent Mayor Isko Moreno.
Blood Bros.
Blood Bros. is a 1990 arcade game developed and published by TAD Corporation in Japan and Europe, and later published in North America by Fabtek. It is a spiritual sequel to the 1988 game Cabal, with almost identical mechanics. A bootleg of Blood Bros. is known as West Story.

Cabal (video game)
Cabal (カベール, Kabēru) is a 1988 shooting gallery video game developed by TAD Corporation and published in Japan by Taito, in North America by Fabtek, and in Europe by Capcom. The player controls a commando trying to destroy various enemy military bases. The game was only a moderate success in arcades, and became better known for its various home ports.
Alexandra, Countess of Frederiksborg
Alexandra, Countess of Frederiksborg, RE, formerly Princess Alexandra of Denmark (Alexandra Christina; née Manley; born 30 June 1964), is the former wife of Prince Joachim of Denmark, the younger brother of King Frederik X of Denmark.

She was born in Hong Kong, and is of mixed Asian and European ancestry. She was introduced to Prince Joachim in 1994. They married in 1995, and had two sons together, then divorced in 2005.

Prince Joachim of Denmark
Prince Joachim of Denmark, Count of Monpezat, RE, SKmd (Danish pronunciation: [ˈjoːæˌkʰim]; Joachim Holger Waldemar Christian; born 7 June 1969) is a member of the Danish royal family. The younger son of Queen Margrethe II, he is fifth in the line of succession to the Danish throne, following the four children of his elder brother King Frederik X.
Ibrahim Kura
Ibrahim bin Umar al-Kanemi, called Ibrahim Kura, was the shehu (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1884–1885 or 1885–1886. Ibrahim seized the throne in a coup d'état after the death of his brother, Bukar Kura, and his short one-year reign was a time of uninterrupted political and economic crisis.

Bukar Kura
Abu Bakr bin Umar al-Kanemi, called Bukar Kura or simply Bukar, was the shehu (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1881–1884/1885. The empire began to experience a severe economic crisis in Bukar's reign. The shehu took several measures to halt the crisis, going so far as to implement the so-called kumoreji in 1883 which meant appropriating half the wealth of the peasants of the empire. Bukar was a proven military commander and had an energetic personality. Widely regarded as a promising ruler, Bukar died prematurely and unexpectedly in 1884 or 1885.
Tobacco
Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus Nicotiana of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants. Seventy-nine species of tobacco are known, but the chief commercial crop is N. tabacum. The more potent variant N. rustica is also used in some countries.

Dried tobacco leaves are mainly used for smoking in cigarettes and cigars, as well as pipes and shishas. They can also be consumed as snuff, chewing tobacco, dipping tobacco, and snus.

Tobacco contains the highly addictive stimulant alkaloid nicotine as well as harmala alkaloids. Due to the widespread availability and legality of tobacco, nicotine is one of the most widely used recreational drugs. Tobacco use is a cause or risk factor for many deadly diseases, especially those affecting the heart, liver, and lungs, as well as many cancers. In 2008, the World Health Organization named tobacco use as the world's single greatest preventable cause of death.

Nicotiana tabacum
Nicotiana tabacum, or cultivated tobacco, is an annually grown herbaceous plant of the genus Nicotiana. N. tabacum is the most commonly grown species in the genus Nicotiana, as the plant's leaves are commercially harvested to be processed into tobacco for human use. The plant is native to Bolivia, commonly grown throughout the world and often found in cultivation. It grows to heights between 1 and 2 metres (3.3 and 6.6 ft). Research is ongoing into its ancestry among wild Nicotiana species, but it is believed to be a hybrid of Nicotiana sylvestris, N. tomentosiformis, and possibly N. otophora.
California Codes
The California Codes are 29 legal codes enacted by the California State Legislature, which, alongside uncodified acts, form the general statutory law of California. The official codes are maintained by the California Office of Legislative Counsel for the legislature.  The Legislative Counsel also publishes the official text of the Codes publicly at leginfo.legislature.ca.gov.

Law of California
The law of California consists of several levels, including constitutional, statutory, and regulatory law, as well as case law. The California Codes form the general statutory law, and most state agency regulations are available in the California Code of Regulations.
End of Life Choice Act 2019
The End of Life Choice Act 2019 is an Act of Parliament in New Zealand that gives people with a terminal illness the option of receiving assisted suicide or euthanasia. The act came into force on 7 November 2021, twelve months after the 2020 euthanasia referendum was declared in favour of the legislation.

Political progress towards the act began in 2015, when ACT Party MP David Seymour entered it into the member's bill ballot. The bill passed its first reading in December 2017, its second reading in June 2019, and its third reading in November 2019, with 69 votes in favour and 51 opposed. Changes introduced by New Zealand First before the third reading required that the bill would go to referendum to be introduced into law. A binding referendum was held in conjunction with the 2020 general election on whether the act should come into force, with a majority of voters (65%) in favour.

2020 New Zealand euthanasia referendum
The 2020 New Zealand euthanasia referendum was a binding referendum held in New Zealand on 17 October 2020, on the question of whether to legalise euthanasia via the End of Life Choice Act 2019. The vote was held in conjunction with the 2020 general election, and official results were released on 6 November 2020. It was accepted by New Zealand voters, with 65.1% in support and 33.7% opposed.

The act came into force on 7 November 2021, twelve months after the final vote count was announced. The End of Life Choice Act legalises voluntary euthanasia for those with a terminal illness and less than six months left to live, if confirmed to be eligible by two doctors. New Zealand is the first country to have put euthanasia legalisation to a referendum.

Votes for the End of Life Choice referendum were included on the same ballot as the 2020 cannabis referendum, which sought to legalise recreational cannabis.
Catamarca Province
Catamarca (Spanish pronunciation: [kataˈmaɾka]) is a province of Argentina, located in the northwest of the country. The province had a population of 429,556 as per the 2022 census [INDEC], and covers an area of 102,602 km2. Its literacy rate is 95.5%. Neighbouring provinces are (clockwise, from the north): Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Córdoba, and La Rioja. To the west it borders the country of Chile.

The capital is San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, usually shortened to Catamarca. Other important cities include Andalgalá, Tinogasta, and Belén.

La Rioja Province, Argentina
La Rioja (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈrjoxa]), officially Province of La Rioja is a province of Argentina located in the west of the country. The landscape of the province consists of a series of arid to semi-arid mountain ranges and agricultural valleys in between. It is in one of these valleys that the capital of the province, the city of La Rioja, lies. Neighboring provinces are, from the north clockwise, Catamarca, Córdoba, San Luis and San Juan. The Triassic sauropodomorph dinosaur Riojasaurus is named after the province.