hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Old Sarum (UK Parliament constituency)
Old Sarum was from 1295 until 1832 a parliamentary constituency of England, Great Britain (until 1800), and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.  It was a so-called rotten borough, with an extremely small electorate that was consequently vastly over-represented and could be used by a patron in gaining such undue influence. The constituency was on the site of what had been the original settlement of Salisbury, known as Old Sarum. The population and cathedral city had moved in the 14th century to New Sarum, at the foot of the Old Sarum hill. It became one of the more notorious constituencies in the unreformed House of Commons and was abolished under the Reform Act 1832.

Rotten and pocket boroughs
A rotten or pocket borough, also known as a nomination borough or proprietorial borough, was a parliamentary borough or constituency in England, Great Britain, or the United Kingdom before the Reform Act of 1832 which had very few voters. They could be used by a patron to gain disproportionate influence within the House of Commons. The Reform Act of 1832 abolished the majority of these rotten and pocket boroughs.

The same terms were used for similar boroughs represented in the 18th-century Parliament of Ireland.
Bipolar coordinates
Bipolar coordinates are a two-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system based on the Apollonian circles. There are also other systems, based on two poles (biangular coordinates, two-center bipolar coordinates).

The term "bipolar" is further used on occasion to describe other curves having two singular points (foci), such as ellipses, hyperbolas, and Cassini ovals.  However, the term bipolar coordinates is reserved for the coordinates described here, and never used for systems associated with those other curves, such as elliptic coordinates.

Elliptic coordinate system
In geometry, the elliptic coordinate system is a two-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system in which the coordinate lines are confocal ellipses and hyperbolae.  The two foci  and  are generally taken to be fixed at  and , respectively, on the -axis of the Cartesian coordinate system.
Arkansas Highway 463
Highway 463 (AR 463, Ark. 463 and Hwy. 463) is a north–south state highway in northeast Arkansas. The route of 22.13 miles (35.61 km) runs from Highway 14 very near I-555 at Payneway north to Highway 18 in Jonesboro. The route is a redesignation of former U.S. Route 63, which has since been rerouted onto US 49.

Interstate 555
Interstate 555 (I-555) is an Interstate Highway connecting I-55 in Turrell with Highway 91 in Jonesboro. It provides a complete freeway corridor between Jonesboro, Arkansas' fifth-largest city, and Memphis, Tennessee. Formerly known as U.S. Route 63 (US 63), the highway was converted in the early 2000s to Interstate Highway standards. I-555 was dedicated in March 2016.
Sheridan, Colorado
The City of Sheridan is a home rule municipality located in Arapahoe County, Colorado, United States. Sheridan is a part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 6,105 at the 2020 census.

Arapahoe County, Colorado
Arapahoe County (/əˈræpəhoʊ/ ə-RAP-ə-hoh) is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, its population was 655,070, making it the third-most populous county in Colorado. The county seat is Littleton, and the most populous city is Aurora. The county was named for the Arapaho Native American tribe, who once lived in the region. Arapahoe County is part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood metropolitan statistical area. Arapahoe County calls itself "Colorado's First County", since its origins antedate the Pike's Peak Gold Rush.
Golden Rockets
The Golden Rockets are a Junior 'A' ice hockey team based in Golden, British Columbia, Canada. They are members of the Eddie Mountain Division of the Kootenay Conference of the Kootenay International Junior Hockey League (KIJHL). They play their home games at Golden Arena, nicknamed the "Plywood Palace". Lucille Hayward is the team's President, Jared Houseman is the General Manager and Head Coach.

The Rockets joined the league in 1991 as an expansion team. In its KIJHL history, the team has won one division playoff title as a member of the Eddie Mountain Division from 1996–2013.

Kootenay International Junior Hockey League
The Kootenay International Junior Hockey League (KIJHL) is a junior ice hockey league in British Columbia, Canada and Washington, USA sanctioned by Hockey Canada. The winner of the Teck Cup competes with the champions of the Pacific Junior Hockey League (PJHL) and until the 2024–25 season, the Vancouver Island Junior Hockey League (VIJHL) for the Cyclone Taylor Cup, the British Columbia provincial title.
Input device
In computing, an input device is a piece of equipment used to enter data and control signals to an information processing system, such as a computer or information appliance. Examples of input devices include keyboards, computer mice, scanners, cameras, joysticks, and microphones.

Input devices can be categorized based on:

Modality of output (e.g., mechanical motion, audio, visual, etc.)

Whether the output is discrete (e.g., pressing of key) or continuous (e.g., a mouse's position, though digitized into a discrete quantity, is fast enough to be considered continuous)

The number of degrees of freedom involved (e.g., two-dimensional traditional mice, or three-dimensional navigators designed for CAD applications)

Joystick
A joystick, sometimes called a flight stick, is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. Also known as the control column, it is the principal control device in the cockpit of many civilian and military aircraft, either as a centre stick or side-stick. It has various switches to control functions of the aircraft controlled by the Pilot and First Officer of the flight.

Joysticks are often used to control video games, and usually have push-buttons whose state can be read by the computer. A popular variation of the joystick used on modern video game consoles is the analog stick. Joysticks are also used for controlling machines such as cranes, trucks, underwater unmanned vehicles, wheelchairs, surveillance cameras, and zero turning radius lawn mowers. Miniature finger-operated joysticks have been adopted as input devices for smaller electronic equipment such as mobile phones.
Dance Smartly
Dance Smartly (1988–2007) was a Champion Thoroughbred racemare who went undefeated in 1991 while winning the Canadian Triple Crown and becoming the first horse bred in Canada to win a Breeders' Cup race. She was inducted into both the Canadian and American Racing Halls of Fame.

Bred in Ontario by Ernie Samuel's Sam-Son Farm, Dance Smartly was a bay mare with a distinctive white star on her forehead that earned her the nickname Daisy. She was by Danzig, one of Northern Dancer's most influential sire sons. Her dam was the Canadian Hall of Fame mare Classy 'n Smart by Smarten. She was trained by Jim Day.

Classy 'n Smart
Classy 'n Smart (May 20, 1981 – September 28, 1999) was a Canadian Hall of Fame Thoroughbred racehorse. Bred and raced by Sam-Son Farm, she won five of nine career starts, including two legs of what would later be known as the Canadian Triple Tiara. Although she was voted the 1984 Canadian Champion 3-Year-Old Filly, her primary legacy is as a champion broodmare.
Numb/Encore
"Numb/Encore" is a song by American rapper Jay-Z and rock band Linkin Park from their EP Collision Course (2004). It was released as a single on December 13, 2004, by Warner Bros., Machine Shop, Def Jam, and Roc-A-Fella Records. The song is a mash-up that fuses rock and hip hop, combining lyrics from "Numb" by Linkin Park and "Encore" by Jay-Z, both released in 2003.

The only single released from the EP, the track went on to reach number 20 on the Billboard Hot 100. Billboard also placed the single at number 93 on their Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2005 chart. Outside the United States, the single peaked at number 14 in the United Kingdom, number five in France and the Netherlands and spent three weeks at number one in Ireland.

In June 2024, "Numb/Encore" became the third song by both artists to surpass 1 billion streams on Spotify.

Numb (Linkin Park song)
"Numb" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park. It was released as the third single from their second studio album, Meteora (2003), and is the closing track on the album. One of Linkin Park's most well-known and critically acclaimed songs, "Numb" topped the US Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart for 12 weeks in 2003 and 2004. The song also spent three weeks atop the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart and peaked at number 11 on the Billboard Hot 100.

The song was remixed as "Numb/Encore", a collaboration between the band and American rapper Jay-Z. It was a massive hit for both artists that was featured on the extended play Collision Course and earned them the Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration. "Numb" was ranked number 95 on Rhapsody's list of the "Top 100 Tracks of the Decade".

On March 15, 2022, "Numb" became the second song by the band after "In the End" to surpass 1 billion streams on Spotify.
Bradley Nowell
Bradley James Nowell (February 22, 1968 – May 25, 1996) was an American musician and the lead singer of the band Sublime.

Born and raised in Belmont Shore, Long Beach, California, Nowell developed an interest in music at a young age. Nowell formed Sublime with bassist Eric Wilson and drummer Bud Gaugh, whom he had met while attending California State University, Long Beach. During his lifetime, Sublime released the albums 40oz. to Freedom and Robbin' the Hood to critical and commercial success. In 1996, Nowell died of a heroin overdose in a San Francisco hotel while Sublime was on tour.

Eric Wilson (bassist)
Eric Wilson (born 21 February 1970) is an American musician who is best known as the bassist for Sublime. He was also bassist for Long Beach Dub Allstars (1997–2002), and Long Beach Shortbus (2002–2007), which was composed of several members of Long Beach Dub Allstars and Sublime. From 2009–2024 Wilson was the bassist for Sublime with Rome, a musical collaboration between Wilson and singer and guitarist Rome Ramirez.
Lands of Tour and Kirkland
The Lands of Tour and Kirkland (NS416406) formed a small estate close to the old Kirktoun and St Maurs-Glencairn collegiate church about 1 km south-east of Kilmaurs, East Ayrshire, Parish of Kilmaurs, Scotland. The word 'Tour' in Scots refers to a 'tower' and 'kirk' to a parish church.

Kilmaurs
Kilmaurs (from Scottish Gaelic  Cill Mhàrais) is a village in East Ayrshire, Scotland which lies just outside of the largest settlement in East Ayrshire, Kilmarnock. It lies on the Carmel Water, 21 miles (34 kilometres) southwest of Glasgow. Population recorded for the village in the 2001 Census recorded 2,601 people resided in the village  It was in the Civil Parish of Kilmaurs.
Sandling, Maidstone
Sandling is a hamlet to the north of the town of Maidstone, Kent, England, at the foot of the North Downs. It falls within the parish of Boxley.

Notable buildings in the hamlet include the remains of the twelfth century Boxley Abbey, the Hospitium or Boxley Abbey Barn, the fifteenth century gatehouse chapel of St Andrew's, the headquarters of the Kent Wildlife Trust at Tyland Barn, and Kent Life open-air museum.

Sandling's sign was erected to mark Boxley Parish Council’s centenary (1895-1995) and is based on ideas submitted by Sandling County Primary School pupils in 1993. It depicts Boarley Oast, the North Downs, the River Medway and Tyland Barn.

Several Stone Age sites border the hamlet, including Kit's Coty House, Little Kit's Coty House, Smythe's Megalith, the Coffin Stone and the White Horse Stone.

The fields in and around Sandling are primarily used for viticulture. Chapel Down tend 156 acres of vines at Boarley Farm.

Boxley
Boxley is a village and civil parish in the Maidstone District of Kent, England.

It lies below the slope of the North Downs approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of the centre of Maidstone town. The civil parish has a population of 7,144 (2001 census), increasing to 9,554 at the 2011 Census, and extends to the north and east of the town including the settlements of Boxley itself, Grove Green, most of Weavering Street, Sandling and the southern extremities of Walderslade and Lordswood at the top of Blue Bell Hill.

The M2 and M20 motorways cross the parish to the north and south of Boxley village and the High Speed 1 railway line passes to the south in cuttings and tunnel. Despite being so close to Maidstone and two motorways, the village is surrounded by woodland, and still retains a village feel. The ruins of Boxley Abbey, in neighbouring Sandling, fall within the parish.
Holy Family
The Holy Family consists of the Child Jesus, the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Joseph.  The subject became popular in Christian art from the 1490s on, but veneration of the Holy Family was formally begun in the 17th century by Saint François de Laval, the first bishop of New France, who founded a confraternity.

The Gospels speak little of the life of the Holy Family in the years before Jesus' public ministry. Matthew and Luke narrate the episodes from this period of Christ's life, namely his circumcision and later Presentation, the flight to Egypt, the return to Nazareth, and the Finding in the Temple. Joseph and Mary were apparently observant Jews, as Luke narrates that they brought Jesus with them on the annual pilgrimage to Jerusalem with other Jewish families.

Flight into Egypt
The flight into Egypt is a story recounted in the Gospel of Matthew (Matthew 2:13–23) and in New Testament apocrypha.  Soon after the visit by the Magi, an angel appeared to Joseph in a dream telling him to flee to Egypt with Mary and the infant Jesus since King Herod would seek the child to kill him. The episode is frequently shown in art, as the final episode of the Nativity of Jesus in art, and was a common component in cycles of the Life of the Virgin as well as the Life of Christ. Within the narrative tradition, iconic representation of the "Rest on the Flight into Egypt" developed after the 14th century.
Kōen
Kōen (Japanese: 康円; c. 1207 – 1285) was a Japanese Buddhist sculptor (busshi) of the Kei school in Nara during the Kamakura period.
A grandson of the sculptor Unkei, and apprenticed by his uncle Tankei, he carried on the Kei school during the late Kamakura period, which is known for adding realism to Japanese Buddhist sculpture, which have reflected and influenced later periods of Buddhist art.

Kei school
The Kei school (慶派, Kei-ha) was a Japanese school (style) of Buddhist sculpture which emerged in the early Kamakura period (c. 1200). Based in Nara, it was the dominant school in Buddhist sculpture in Japan into the 14th century, and remained influential until the 19th. Art historian Joan Stanley Baker cites the Kei school's early works as the last highpoint in the history of Japanese sculpture.
Camden Road railway station
Camden Road is a station on the Mildmay line of the London Overground, located in the London Borough of Camden in north London. The station is situated in London fare zone 2. There is an official out-of-station interchange with Camden Town tube station on the Northern line of the London Underground, located a 390 metres (1,280 ft) walk away.

Camden Town tube station
Camden Town is a London Underground station in Camden Town, London. It is on the Northern line as well as a major junction for the line, as it is where the Edgware and High Barnet branches merge from the north, and is also where they split to the south into the Bank and Charing Cross branches for the journey through Central London. It is particularly busy with visitors to the Camden markets at weekends, and, until 2019, was exit-only on Sundays to prevent overcrowding.

Northbound, the next stations are Chalk Farm on the Edgware branch and Kentish Town on the High Barnet branch. Southbound, the next stations are Euston on the Bank branch and Mornington Crescent on the Charing Cross branch. The station is in London fare zone 2.
Bryce Reeves
Bryce Eldon Reeves (born November 28, 1966) is an American politician and United States Army veteran who has been serving as a member of the Senate of Virginia since 2012.

A State Farm insurance agent, he was elected in 2011. Reeves defeated the 28-year Democratic incumbent, Edd Houck, by 226 votes.

Reeves was a candidate in the  2017 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election, the  2022 U.S. House election in the 7th district, and in the   2026 United States Senate election in Virginia.

Edd Houck
Robert Edward "Edd" Houck (born September 11, 1950) is an American politician and educator. He served in the Senate of Virginia 1984–2012, representing the 17th district in the Virginia Piedmont as a Democrat for more than two decades.
David Hilbert
David Hilbert  (/ˈhɪlbərt/; German: [ˈdaːvɪt ˈhɪlbɐt]; 23 January 1862 – 14 February 1943) was a German mathematician and philosopher of mathematics and one of the most influential mathematicians of his time.

Hilbert discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas including invariant theory, the calculus of variations, commutative algebra, algebraic number theory, the foundations of geometry, spectral theory of operators and its application to integral equations, mathematical physics, and the foundations of mathematics (particularly proof theory). He adopted and defended Georg Cantor's set theory and transfinite numbers. In 1900, he presented a collection of problems that set a course for mathematical research of the 20th century.

Hilbert and his students contributed to establishing rigor and developed important tools used in modern mathematical physics. He was a co-founder of proof theory and mathematical logic.

Hilbert's axioms
Hilbert's axioms are a set of 20 assumptions proposed by David Hilbert in 1899 in his book Grundlagen der Geometrie (tr. The Foundations of Geometry) as the foundation for a modern treatment of Euclidean geometry. Other well-known modern axiomatizations of Euclidean geometry are those of Alfred Tarski and of George Birkhoff.
Tawachiche West River
The Tawachiche West River is in the Municipality of Lac-aux-Sables. Its mouth is 9.5 kilometres (5.9 mi) north of the village of Hervey-Jonction), in the administrative region of Mauricie, in the province of Quebec, Canada. Flowing mostly in the Marmier (township), its watershed is part of the Batiscanie, in the area of the MRC Mékinac. The river flows from north-west to south-east to empty into the Tawachiche River. Tawachiche West River is entirely in forest areas. The surface of the river is usually frozen from November to April. Annually, the river flow is high during the spring thaw.

Since the 18th century, logging was a major economic factor in this wilderness area. Nowadays, camping, resorts and outdoor activities are dominant: hunting, fishing, hiking or all-terrain vehicle riding, snowmobiling, and boating.

Tawachiche River
TheTawachiche River (French pronunciation: [tawaʃiʃ]) flows from north to south for 25 kilometres (16 mi) entirely in the territory of the Municipality of Lac-aux-Sables, in Mékinac Regional County Municipality, in Mauricie, in the province of Quebec, Canada.
Mariachi Plaza station
Mariachi Plaza station is an underground light rail station on the E Line of the Los Angeles Metro Rail system. It is located under 1st Street at the intersection of Boyle Avenue, with the main exit located at Mariachi Plaza, after which the station is named. The plaza is the historic gateway to the Boyle Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles. This station opened in 2009 as part of the Gold Line Eastside Extension and was one of two underground stations on the Eastside Extension (the other being Soto).

Until 1963, the Los Angeles Railway's P Line yellow streetcars operated on the surface of 1st Street, including a stop near this station.

Mariachi Plaza
Mariachi Plaza, also known in Spanish as Plaza del Mariachi, is a plaza located in the Boyle Heights district of the city of Los Angeles, California. The plaza is known for its history as a center for mariachi music. Since the 1950s, mariachi musicians have gathered there in the hopes of being hired by visitors who are looking for a full band, trio, or solo singer. The plaza resembles Mexico's famed Plaza Garibaldi both in form and function, and it also serves as a historic gateway to the neighborhood.
Tamapahore
Tamapahore was a Māori rangatira (chief) in the Bay of Plenty region and a founding ancestor of the Ngā Pōtiki ā Tamapahore hapū, which is associated with the Ngāi Te Rangi iwi and the Ngāti Awa confederation. He accompanied his brother Rangihouhiri through a period of protracted migration, known as the Te Heke o Te Rangihouhiri. He participated in the conquest of Maketu and, when his brother was killed during the final battle of the war, Poporohuamea, he took over command and led Ngāi Te Rangi to victory. He joined his grand-nephew Kotorerua in the conquest of Mount Maunganui, but quarrelled with him after the battle and led his people away to settle at Papamoa.

Rangihouhiri
Rangihouhiri was a Māori rangatira (chief) in the Bay of Plenty region and a founding ancestor of the Ngāi Te Rangi iwi (known in his own lifetime as Ngāti Te Rangihouhiri), part of the Ngāti Awa confederation. He led his people through a period of protracted migration, known as Te Heke o Te Rangihouhiri, culminating in the conquest of Maketu at the Battle of Poporohuamea, at which he himself was killed.
ICI Paris XL
ICI PARIS XL is a beauty chain founded in the late 1960s in Belgium. The name ICI PARIS XL means 'This is Paris' -- which happens to be the same slogan that the Paris Saint-Germain football club uses -- and was derived from the train trips that were undertaken by the founders on their way to buy perfume from Paris. The XL refers to the location of the company's first store, which was located in Ixelles (pronounced XL), a neighbourhood of Brussels.

The Company was acquired by the Kruidvat Group in 1996, which then in-turn became part of the A.S. Watson Group in 2002.

After the acquisition by the A.S. Watson Group, the company grew rapidly through opening new stores, enlarging, refurbishing and relocating existing outlets. The company has 230 outlets in Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.

AS Watson
AS Watson Group (or AS Watson or ASW) is the world's largest international health and beauty retailer by number of stores, with over 16,500 stores in 28 markets, primarily in Asia and Europe.

A member of CK Hutchison Holdings, ASW operates the world's largest portfolio of retail formats, retail brands and has the largest geographical presence. The company is majority owned by multinational conglomerate CK Hutchison Holdings Limited, with just over 75 percent, after the remaining stake was sold to Singapore government-owned Temasek Holdings in March 2014.