hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barbican tube station
Barbican is a London Underground station situated near the Barbican Estate, on the edge of the ward of Farringdon Within, City of London. It has been known by various names since its opening in 1865, mostly in reference to the neighbouring ward of Aldersgate.

The station is on the Circle, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines, between Farringdon and Moorgate stations. It is in London fare zone 1. Platform 2, serving westbound trains, is connected by a single lift to Farringdon station on the Elizabeth line. Until 2009, Barbican was additionally served by Thameslink services to and from Moorgate.

Farringdon station
Farringdon (/ˈfærɪŋdən/) is an interchange station located in Clerkenwell in the London Borough of Islington, just outside the boundary of the City of London for London Underground, Elizabeth line and National Rail services. It is in London fare zone 1.

The London Underground station is on the Circle, Hammersmith & City, and Metropolitan lines, between King's Cross St Pancras and Barbican stations. The Elizabeth line station is between Tottenham Court Road and Liverpool Street stations. The National Rail station is on the Thameslink route between St Pancras and City Thameslink.

Opened in 1863 as the terminus of the Metropolitan Railway, the world's first underground passenger railway, Farringdon is one of the oldest surviving underground railway stations in the world.
Kievan succession crisis of 1015–1019
The Kievan succession crisis of 1015–1019, also known as the Feud of the Volodimerovichi or the Internecine war in Rus', was a war of succession in Kievan Rus' caused by the death of Volodimer I of Kiev in 1015. Several of his sons claimed the throne, and began fighting and killing each other, until eventually Yaroslav emerged victorious in 1019.

The events of the dynastic crisis are reflected in Rus' sources (chronicles and works of the Boris and Gleb cycle; see The Tale of Boris and Gleb in the Primary Chronicle), and in the chronicles of the Polish Gallus Anonymus and German Thietmar of Merseburg. The later Old Norse saga of Eymundar þáttr hrings also retains echoes of these events. An analysis of all available sources shows a rather contradictory picture, and there is no consensus among researchers on the course of the events of the war.

Boris and Gleb
Boris and Gleb (Old East Slavic: Борисъ и Глѣбъ, romanized: Borisŭ i Glěbŭ), respective Christian names Roman (Романъ, Romanŭ) and David (Давꙑдъ, Davydŭ),  were the first saints canonized in Kievan Rus' after its Christianization. Their feast day is observed on July 24 (August 6 Gregorian calendar).
Charklik (ancient settlement)
Charklik or Charkhlik (Chinese: 卡克里克) is an archaeological site named after the town of  Charkhlik (Qakilik), in Ruoqiang (Qakilik) County, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Together with the nearby Miran site, they correspond to two ancient capitals of Shanshan, Wuni (扜泥, OC:*‍*__ C.nˤ[əj]/qʰʷa niːl) and Yixun (伊循, OC:*‍*ʔij sə.lu[n]/*qlil ljun). However, it is as yet unclear which site correspond to which capital.

Shanshan
Shanshan (Chinese: 鄯善; pinyin: Shànshàn; Uyghur: پىچان, romanized: Pichan, lit. 'Piqan') was a kingdom located at the north-eastern end of the Taklamakan Desert near the great, but now mostly dry, salt lake known as Lop Nur.

The kingdom was originally an independent city-state, known in local Gandhari documents as Kroraïna (Krorayina, Kröran) – which is commonly rendered in Chinese as Loulan. The Western Han dynasty took direct control of the kingdom some time after 77 BCE, and it was later known in Chinese as Shanshan. The archaeologist J. P. Mallory has suggested that the name Shanshan may be derived from the name of another city in the area, Cherchen (later known in Chinese as Qiemo). A local variety of Gandhari was used in the kingdom for administrative, literary, and epigraphic purposes. Scholars such as Thomas Burrow have suggested the local population might have spoke a hypothetical Tocharian C, as evidenced by the loanwords in those Gandhari documents.
Prabhavasit Narimol
Prabhavasit Narimol (Thai: ประภาวสิตนฤมล; RTGS: Praphawasit Naruemon, also spelled Prabhavasiddi; 11 June 1885 – 15 February 1963), was a Princess of Siam (later Thailand) and member of the Siamese (then Thai) royal family as one of the daughters of Chaturonrasmi, Prince Chakkrabatradipongse, son of Mongkut, King Rama IV of Siam. After her marriage to Purachatra Jayakara, Prince of Kamphaengphet, son of Chulalongkorn, King Rama V of Siam (one of Mongkut's son), she became known as The Princess of Kamphaengphet.

Purachatra Jayakara
Purachatra Jayakara, Prince of Kamphaengphet (Thai: บุรฉัตรไชยากร; RTGS: Burachat Chaiyakon; 23 January 1881 – 14 September 1936) was a Prince of Siam and a member of the Siamese Royal Family (later Thailand). He founded the House of Chatrajaya (ราชสกุลฉัตรไชย), his descendants still use this royal surname. He was a son of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V the Great) of Siam. He was often called the Father of the Thai radio and the Father of the Thai railways, due to his contributions in both fields.
Amber Liu (tennis)
Amber Christine Liu Chang (born July 6, 1984) is an American former professional tennis player who is also the wife of fellow tennis pro Michael Chang.  At Stanford University, she was a two-time NCAA singles champion in 2003 and 2004.  Her highest ranking was World No. 241 in singles and No. 600 in doubles.

Michael Chang
Michael Te-pei Chang (born February 22, 1972) is an American former professional tennis player and coach. He was ranked world No. 2 by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) in 1996. Chang is the youngest man in history to win a singles major, winning the 1989 French Open at 17 years and 109 days old. He won a total of 34 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including seven Masters titles, and was a three-time major runner-up.

Chang was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2008. He coached Kei Nishikori from 2014 to 2025, and currently coaches Learner Tien.
Vladislaus II of Opole
Vladislaus II of Opole (Polish: Władysław Opolczyk, German: Wladislaus von Oppeln, Hungarian: Oppelni László, Ukrainian: Владислав Опольський; ca. 1332 – 18 May 1401), nicknamed Naderspan, was Duke of Opole from 1356, Count palatine of Hungary (1367–1372), Duke of Wieluń (1370–1392), Governor of Ruthenia (1372–1378), Count palatine of Poland (1378) as well as Duke of Dobrzyń, Inowrocław (1378–1392), Krnov and Kuyavia (1385–1392).

Vladislaus was the eldest son of Duke Bolko II of Opole by his wife Elisabeth, daughter of Duke Bernard of Świdnica.

Bolko II of Opole
Bolko II of Opole (Polish: Bolesław II opolski; before 1300 – 21 June 1356) was a Duke of Opole from 1313 (with his brother as co-ruler until 1323).

He was the second son of Duke Bolko I of Opole by his wife Agnes, probably a daughter of Margrave Otto III of Brandenburg.
Fire Below
Fire Below is a 1930 adventure novel by the English author Dornford Yates (Cecil William Mercer), the fourth in his Chandos thriller series and a sequel to Blood Royal. The book was published in the US under the title By Royal Command.

Blood Royal
Blood Royal is a 1929 novel by the English author Dornford Yates (Cecil William Mercer), the third in his Chandos thriller series. The story features the recurrent characters Richard Chandos (narrator) and George Hanbury, with their servants Bell and Rowley. Jonathan Mansel does not appear in this book.
Initiative for Peace and Human Rights
The Initiative for Peace and Human Rights (German: Initiative für Frieden und Menschenrechte, IFM) was the oldest opposition group in East Germany. It was founded on 24 January 1986 and was independent of the churches and state. On 7 February 1990 it joined with New Forum and Democracy Now to form the electoral Alliance 90 and merged with them to form the Alliance 90 party on 21 September 1991.

Democracy Now (East Germany)
Democracy Now (German: Demokratie Jetzt) was a political movement which emerged in East Germany at the time of German reunification, which it helped significantly to shape.  It was officially founded on 12 September 1989 and merged with sections of the Neue Forum ("New Forum") and the Initiative Frieden und Menschenrechte ("Initiative for Peace and Human Rights") to form Bündnis 90 ("Alliance 90") in 1991.
Guard stone
A guard stone, jostle stone or chasse-roue (French lit. "wheel chaser"), is a projecting metal, concrete, or stone exterior architectural element located at the corner and/or foot of gates, portes-cochères, garage entries, and walls to prevent damage from vehicle tires and wheels.

Porte-cochère
A porte-cochère (/ˌpɔːrt koʊˈʃɛr/; French: [pɔʁt.kɔ.ʃɛʁ]; lit. 'coach gateway'; pl. porte-cochères – pl. portes-cochères) is a doorway to a building or courtyard, "often very grand," through which vehicles can enter from the street or a covered porch-like structure at a main or secondary entrance to a building through which originally a horse and carriage and today a motor vehicle can pass to provide arriving and departing occupants protection from the elements.

Portes-cochères are still found on such structures as major public buildings and hotels, providing covered access for visitors and guests arriving by motorized transport.

A porte-cochère, a structure for vehicle passage, is to be distinguished from a portico, a columned porch or entry for human, rather than vehicular, traffic.
Rupert's Land Act 1868
The Rupert's Land Act 1868 (31 & 32 Vict. c. 105) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (as it then was), authorizing the transfer of Rupert's Land from the control of the Hudson's Bay Company to the Dominion of Canada. Often confused with the Deed of Surrender,  the act is different as it only expressed that the United Kingdom and Canada permitted the transfer but did not settle on the details of exchange with HBC which were then outlined in the deed.

Deed of Surrender
The Deed of Surrender or Rupert's Land and North-Western Territory Order is an 1870 British order in council that transferred ownership of Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory from the United Kingdom to the newly created Dominion of Canada. The deed ended just over 200 years of Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) control over Rupert's Land and began western Canadian expansion. Often confused with the Rupert's Land Act 1868, the deed is different as the act only expressed that the United Kingdom and Canada permitted the transfer, but did not settle on the details of exchange with HBC, which were outlined in the Deed of Surrender.
KTTV
KTTV (channel 11) is a television station in Los Angeles, California, United States. It is the West Coast flagship station of the Fox television network, owned and operated through its Fox Television Stations division. Under common ownership with KCOP-TV (channel 13), the two stations share studios at the Fox Television Center on South Bundy Drive in West Los Angeles; KTTV's transmitter is located atop Mount Wilson.

KCOP-TV
KCOP-TV (channel 13), branded Fox 11 Plus, is a television station in Los Angeles, California, United States, owned by the Fox Television Stations group. It is programmed as an independent station, with MyNetworkTV airing in prime time (as the service's West Coast flagship). Under common ownership with Fox outlet KTTV (channel 11), the two stations share studios at the Fox Television Center on South Bundy Drive in West Los Angeles; KCOP-TV's transmitter is located atop Mount Wilson.
Tsepelovo
Tsepelovo (Greek: Τσεπέλοβο) is a village in the Zagori region (Epirus region). It stands at a height of 1,200 meters in a panoramic location on the mountain range of Tymfi. It is the biggest of the 45 villages of Zagori and it was the seat of Tymfi municipality. It lies in the middle of the Vikos–Aoös National Park, 48 km from Ioannina.

Zagori
Zagori (Greek: Ζαγόρι; Aromanian: Zagori) is a region, a municipality, and a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site, in the Pindus mountains in Epirus, in northwestern Greece. The seat of the municipality is the village Asprangeloi. It has an area of some 1,000 square kilometres (390 sq mi) and contains 46 villages known as Zagori villages (or Zagorochoria or Zagorohoria), and is in the shape of an upturned equilateral triangle.

Ioannina, the provincial capital, is at the southern point of the triangle, while the southwestern side is formed by Mount Mitsikeli (1,810m). The Aoos river running north of Mount Tymphe forms the northern boundary, while the southeastern side runs along the Varda river to Mount Mavrovouni (2,100m) near Metsovo. The municipality has an area of 989.796 km2. The population of the area is about 3,400, which gives a population density of 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometer, very sparse when compared to an average of 73.8 for Greece as a whole.
Gruffudd ap Cynan
Gruffudd ap Cynan (c. 1055–1137) was King of Gwynedd from 1081 until his death in 1137. In the course of a long and eventful life, he became a key figure in Welsh resistance to Norman rule.

As a descendant of Rhodri Mawr (Rhodri the Great), Gruffudd ap Cynan was a senior member of the princely House of Aberffraw. Through his mother, Gruffudd had close family connections with the Norse settlement around Dublin and he frequently used Ireland as a refuge and as a source of troops. He three times gained the throne of Gwynedd and then lost it again, before regaining it once more in 1099 and this time keeping power until his death. Gruffudd laid the foundations which were built upon by his son Owain Gwynedd and his great-grandson Llywelyn ab Iorwerth (Llywelyn the Great).

Owain Gwynedd
Owain ap Gruffudd (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈoʊain ap 'grɨfɨð], d. 23 November 1170) or Owain Gwynedd (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈoʊain ˈɡwɨnɛð]) was King of Gwynedd from 1137 until his death in 1170, succeeding his father Gruffudd ap Cynan. He is known as Owain Gwynedd to distinguish him from the contemporary Powysian ruler, Owain Cyfeiliog, whose name was also Owain ap Gruffudd. Owain Gwynedd was the first recorded Welsh ruler to style himself king of Wales and Prince of the Welsh.
Soranik Natu
Soranik Natu is a fictional character, current leader of the Sinestro Corps, and a former member of the Green Lantern Corps in the DC Comics Universe. She first appears in Green Lantern Corps: Recharge #1 (November 2005), and was created by writers Geoff Johns, Dave Gibbons, and artist Patrick Gleason.

Soranik is an extraterrestrial from the planet Korugar, and a Green Lantern successor of Katma Tui. She has been revealed as a daughter of the villain Sinestro, and her mother is Sinestro's late wife Arin Sur, which makes her the niece of Hal Jordan's predecessor Abin Sur. Soranik was also the love interest of Green Lantern Kyle Rayner before ending the relationship after uncovering his continued affections for his deceased former love interest Jade.

Sinestro
Thaal Sinestro (/sɪˈnɛstroʊ/) (or simply Sinestro) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, particularly those featuring Green Lantern. Created by John Broome and Gil Kane, Sinestro is a former Green Lantern Corps member who was dishonorably discharged for abusing his power. He has since endured as the archenemy of the superhero Green Lantern and is the founder of the Sinestro Corps.

Sinestro has appeared in various forms of non-comics media including shows, films, and video games. Ted Levine, Miguel Ferrer, Xander Berkeley, Ron Perlman, Victor Garber, Jason Isaacs, and others have voiced the character in animated television series and films. The character made his live-action debut in the 2011 film Green Lantern, played by Mark Strong, and will be portrayed by Ulrich Thomsen in the DC Universe, beginning with the series Lanterns.
Daniel Johns
Daniel Paul Johns (born 22 April 1979) is an Australian musician, best known as the frontman, guitarist, and main songwriter of the rock band Silverchair. Johns is also one half of The Dissociatives with Paul Mac and one half of Dreams with Luke Steele. On March 13, 2015 Johns released his first solo EP Aerial Love and on March 22, 2015, he released his first solo LP Talk. Johns' second solo album FutureNever was released on 22 April 2022.

In 2007, Johns was ranked at number 18 on Rolling Stone's list of The 25 Most Underrated Guitarists. Johns has won 21 ARIA Awards from 49 nominations as a member of Silverchair, and has earned four other nominations as a solo artist.

The Dissociatives
The Dissociatives were an Australian alternative rock band consisting of Daniel Johns of Silverchair and dance producer and DJ Paul Mac (of Itch-E and Scratch-E), which formed in mid-2003. They were supported by touring members, Julian Hamilton and Kim Moyes (both from the Presets), and James Haselwood. Their first single, "Somewhere Down the Barrel" (March 2004), peaked at No. 25 on the ARIA Singles Chart. The duo's debut album, The Dissociatives (4 April 2004), reached No. 12 on the ARIA Albums Chart. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2004 they won two trophies: Best Cover Art for James Hackett's work on The Dissociatives and Best Video for Hackett's direction of "Somewhere Down the Barrel".
Arbroath railway station
Arbroath railway station serves the town of Arbroath in Angus, Scotland. The station is 17 miles (27 km) east of Dundee on the line between Dundee and Aberdeen, between Carnoustie and Montrose. There are two crossovers at the north end of the station, which can be used to facilitate trains turning back if the line south to Carnoustie is blocked. ScotRail, who manage the station, provide most of the services, along with CrossCountry, London North Eastern Railway and Caledonian Sleeper.

Montrose railway station
Montrose railway station serves the town of Montrose in Angus, Scotland. The station overlooks the Montrose Basin and is situated on the Dundee–Aberdeen line, 90 miles (144 km) north of Edinburgh Waverley, between Arbroath and Laurencekirk. There is a crossover at the north end of the station, which can be used to facilitate trains turning back if the line south to Arbroath is blocked.
Hybrid offence
A hybrid offence, dual offence, Crown option offence,  dual procedure offence, offence triable either way,  or wobbler is one of the special class offences in the common law jurisdictions where the case may be prosecuted either summarily or on indictment. In the United States, an alternative misdemeanor/felony offense (colloquially known as a wobbler) lists both county jail (misdemeanor sentence) and state prison (felony sentence) as possible punishment, for example, for theft.

Indictable offence
In many common law jurisdictions (e.g. England and Wales, Ireland, Canada, Hong Kong, India, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, Singapore), an indictable offence is an offence which can only be tried on an indictment after a preliminary hearing to determine whether there is a prima facie case to answer or by a grand jury (in contrast to a summary offence). A similar concept in the United States is known as a felony, which for federal crimes, also requires an indictment. In Scotland, which is a  hybrid common law jurisdiction, the procurator fiscal will commence solemn proceedings for serious crimes to be prosecuted on indictment before a jury.
Scheids Rechters Commissie
The Scheids Rechters Commissie is the cricket umpires association in the Netherlands.
Cricket is administered by the KNCB in this country. The KNCB is associated with the International Cricket Council (ICC).

The SRC aims to represent the umpires' welfare within the KNCB, to provide training for fresh and experienced umpires, cater to development of umpires via feedback and assessments and to other mechanisms along with improving the atmosphere for its members.

Royal Dutch Cricket Association
The Royal Dutch Cricket Association (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Cricket Bond; KNCB) is the governing body of cricket in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was formed in 1890 and received a Royal charter in 1958. The KNCB is responsible for the national men's and women's teams, and also for the various domestic competitions, including the Topklasse (Division One) and Hoofdklasse (Division Two) leagues, and the Dutch Twenty20 Cup. The KNCB has been an associate member of the International Cricket Council since 1966. It is one of the oldest national governing bodies in the sport, older than those of many full ICC members. The KNCB is also a member of the ICC Europe (succeeding the European Cricket Council), which organises the European Cricket Championship.
Ross Bekkering
Ross Bekkering (born August 19, 1987) is a Canadian-Dutch former professional basketball player. Bekkering played in the Dutch Basketball League. Bekkering is the younger brother of Henry Bekkering, who was a professional basketball player as well.

He played collegiately for Calgary, where he played five years. In 2010, he started his professional career in the Netherlands with ZZ Leiden, winning the Dutch Basketball League in his rookie year. The following year, he signed with Matrixx Magixx. After one year he returned to Leiden, where he won another DBL title in 2013. Afterwards, he played three years with league rival Donar, where he added two more championships. He retired in 2016.

Four years after his retirement, in 2020, Bekkering played 3x3 basketball for the Netherlands national team. He represented the country at the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo.

Henry Bekkering
Hendrik "Henry" Bekkering (born November 26, 1985) is a Canadian former professional basketball player who holds a Dutch passport as well. Bekkering is the elder brother of Ross Bekkering, who also played professional basketball.
Spuyten Duyvil Bridge
The Spuyten Duyvil Bridge is a railroad swing bridge that spans the Spuyten Duyvil Creek between Manhattan and the Bronx, in New York City. The bridge is located at the northern tip of Manhattan where the Spuyten Duyvil Creek meets the Hudson River, approximately 1,000 feet (300 m) to the west of the Henry Hudson Bridge.

The Spuyten Duyvil Bridge was built to carry two tracks but now carries only a single track on the eastern side of the span. It is part of the West Side Line, and is used by Amtrak trains traveling along the Empire Connection. The span is used by approximately 30 trains a day and is opened over 1,000 times per year, primarily during the summer months for Circle Line Sightseeing Cruises and recreational vessels.

Henry Hudson Bridge
The Henry Hudson Bridge is a double-deck steel arch toll bridge in New York City across the Spuyten Duyvil Creek. It connects Spuyten Duyvil in the Bronx with Inwood in Manhattan to the south, via the Henry Hudson Parkway (NY 9A). On the Manhattan side, the parkway goes into Inwood Hill Park. Commercial vehicles are not permitted on this bridge or on the parkway in general.

The bridge is operated by MTA Bridges and Tunnels, an affiliate agency of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority.