hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St Michael's Church, Michaelchurch-on-Arrow
St Michael's Church is an active parish church in the village of Michaelchurch-on-Arrow, Gladestry, Powys, Wales. Despite its location in Wales, St Michael's is a member of the Church of England, administered through the parish of Brilley with Michaelchurch-on-Arrow in the Diocese of Hereford. Built in the 13th century, the church is designated by Cadw as a Grade I listed building.

Gladestry
Gladestry (Welsh: Llanfair Llythynwg) is a small village and community in Radnorshire, Powys, mid-Wales, close to the border with England at the end of the Hergest Ridge and south of the large moorland area of Radnor Forest. People living in Gladestry rely on the nearby town of Kington, Herefordshire, for shops, employment, and public services.

Local employment is provided mainly by agriculture community, and a local quarry. The village includes a parish church, St Mary's, a Grade I listed building,  a pub, a primary school which educates around 50–60 children and a village hall. In the 2001 census the population of the community was 419, reducing slightly to 412 at the 2011 census. In the 2021 census, Gladestry had a population of 440, with 98.2% being white, 7.9% able to speak Welsh, and 2.7% born outside of the United Kingdom.

The community includes Newchurch and Michaelchurch-on-Arrow, where another church, St Michael's is also a Grade I listed building.
Stifford
Stifford is an area in the town of Grays in the borough of Thurrock in Essex, England. Stifford was historically a parish; the parish was abolished for civil purposes in 1936 when Stifford became part of Thurrock. Stifford is in two main parts: the original village, now known as North Stifford, lies to the north of the modern A13 dual carriageway. South Stifford is a largely residential area south of the A13 and to the west of Grays town centre. Stifford also gives its name to the Stifford Clays housing estate to the north of Grays.

Grays, Essex
Grays, historically also known as Grays Thurrock, is the largest town and administrative headquarters of the borough of Thurrock, in Essex, England. The town is located on the north bank of the River Thames, approximately 20 miles (32 km) to the east of central London, and 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the M25 motorway. Its economy is linked to Port of London industries, its own offices, retail and the Lakeside Shopping Centre at West Thurrock. At the 2021 census the Grays built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which does not include the adjoining Chafford Hundred) had a population of 44,345.

Grays Thurrock was an ancient parish. It was abolished as a civil parish in 1936 on the creation of Thurrock Urban District, which in turn became the modern borough of Thurrock in 1974. Grays Thurrock remains the name of one of Thurrock's Church of England parishes.
Ortaköy
Ortaköy (Turkish pronunciation: [oɾˈtaˈcœj], lit. Middle Village) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Beşiktaş, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 9,121 (2024). It is on the European shore of the Bosphorus.

There are several educational institutions, such as Kabataş Erkek Lisesi and Galatasaray University, in Ortaköy.

Galatasaray University
Galatasaray University (Turkish: Galatasaray Üniversitesi, French: Université Galatasaray) is a public university established in Istanbul, Turkey in 1992, following an agreement signed in the presence of President François Mitterrand of France and President Turgut Özal of Turkey during a ceremony at Galatasaray High School, the mother school of the university. Turkey's Ambassador to France, Coşkun Kırca, was instrumental in facilitating the agreement.

Galatasaray University is a member of the Galatasaray Community, alongside Galatasaray High School and Galatasaray Sports Club, and is recognized as a prominent institution in Turkey. Galatasaray University is located at Ortaköy within the borough of Beşiktaş, a populous central district on the European side of Istanbul. The building that accommodates  Galatasaray University was originally the Feriye Palace, a coastal summer palace on the Bosphorus built in 1871.
Underground Lovers
Underground Lovers (sometimes stylised as undergroundLOVERS) are an Australian pop-rock band whose sound encompasses elements of indie rock, electronic and shoegaze. Founding members Glenn Bennie (guitar, vocals) and Vincent Giarrusso (vocals, guitar, keyboards) formed the group GBVG in 1988. By May 1990 they became Underground Lovers with Richard Andrew (drums), Maurice Argiro (bass guitar), and Philippa Nihill (vocals, guitar and keyboards) joining. At the 1992 ARIA Music Awards the group won Best New Talent for their debut self-titled album from March 1991. Their highest charting studio album, Dream It Down (June 1994), reached the ARIA albums chart top 60. After releasing seven studio albums, they disbanded in 2002. They reformed in 2009 and subsequently issued three more studio albums. Richard Andrew died in October 2024, after being diagnosed with lung cancer.

Underground Lovers (album)
Underground Lovers is the debut album by Australian indie rock/electronic band Underground Lovers, released in March 1991. The album was released in the UK under the title "Get To Notice".

"Looking for Rain" (April 1991) and "Lick the Boot" (August 1991) were lifted from the album as singles; "Lick the Boot" was also the band's first release in the UK. The band won the 1992 ARIA Award for Best New Artist.
Malaysian Armed Forces
The Malaysian Armed Forces (Abbr.: MAF; Malay: Angkatan Tentera Malaysia; Jawi: اڠكتن تنترا مليسيا‎) are the armed forces of Malaysia, consists of three branches; the Malaysian Army, Royal Malaysian Navy and the Royal Malaysian Air Force. The number of MAF active personnel is 113,000 along with reserve forces at 51,600.

The Supreme Commander of the Malaysian Armed Forces is the Yang di-Pertuan Agong; the King of Malaysia.

Royal Malaysian Navy
The Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN, Malay: Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia; TLDM; Jawi: تنترا لاءوت دراج مليسيا‎) is the naval arm of the Malaysian Armed Forces. RMN is the main agency responsible for the country's maritime surveillance and defence operations. RMN's area of operation consists of 603,210 square kilometers covering the country's coastal areas and Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ). RMN also bears the responsibility of controlling the country's main Sea Lines of Communications (SLOC) such as the Straits of Malacca and the Straits of Singapore and also monitors national interests in areas with overlapping claims such as in Spratly.
Somerset, Tasmania
Somerset is a small township to the west of Burnie, Tasmania, Australia, which shares its name with the County of Somerset, England, UK. Today the city of Burnie encompasses the entire Burnie-Somerset urban area; however, the town is part of the Waratah/Wynyard municipal area.

Waratah–Wynyard Council
Waratah–Wynyard Council is a local government body in Tasmania, situated in the north-west of the state. Waratah-Wynyard is classified as a rural local government area and has a population of 13,800, the major towns and localities of the region include Savage River, Sisters Beach, Somerset, Waratah and the principal town of Wynyard.
Les Hamilton
Leslie "Les" Hamilton (born 7 August 1954) is a Canadian boxer. He competed in the men's bantamweight event at the 1972 Summer Olympics. In the first round he lost to Stefan Förster of East Germany, taking 33rd place.

Boxing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Bantamweight
The men's bantamweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1972 Summer Olympics. The weight class allowed boxers of up to 54 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 27 August to 10 September 1972. 38 boxers from 38 nations competed.
Robin Sewell
Robin Sewell (born 22 December 1979) is a professional ballroom dancer. He was born in Durban, South Africa.

He has danced competitively with: Beate Kaulitz (? – June 2001), Elisabeth Haraldsdottir (January 2002 – November 2003), Nuria Santalucia (December 2003 – June 2005), Nicole Cutler (June 2005 – June 2006), and Alarna Donovan (January 2007 – January 2008). He has no current professional dancing partner.

Robin Sewell with Elisabeth Haraldsdottir (Iceland) was the Amateur Latin Open Champion in 2002. His partnership with Nicole Cutler saw them become runners-up in the closed British Championships and ranked second in England.

Nicole Cutler
Nicole Cutler (née Westdyk; born 8 June 1972) is a professional ballroom dancer and former World Amateur Latin-American champion. She was born Nicole Westdyk in Durban, South Africa and after taking up ballet at the age of four, first tried out ballroom and Latin-American dancing at the age of twelve.
Tuzluca District
Tuzluca District is a district of the Iğdır Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town of Tuzluca. Its area is 1,270 km2, and its population is 22,699 (2022). The northern portion of the district forms part of the international border between Turkey and Armenia.

Tuzluca
Tuzluca (Kurdish: Qulp; Armenian: Կողբ, romanized: Koghb; Russian: Кульп or Тузлуджа) is a town in the Iğdır Province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Tuzluca District. Tuzluca was elected from the CHP in the 2024 Turkish Local Elections, with Cemal Kurnaz serving as the mayor.  
According to the 2024 population census, the district's total population is 22,564.
It lies near the border with Armenia.
Leucophyllum langmaniae
Leucophyllum langmaniae is a shrub native of Mexico (Chihuahuan Desert), semi-evergreen, with gray-green leaves of velvety texture. Its shape is branched and compact, forming a rounded mass of up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) high and wide. The flowers are lavender. They appear in the fall, and are even more abundant if drought or heat waves were important.

Leucophyllum langmaniae is called Langman's sage or Rio Bravo sage. However, it is not a true sage and it has no systematics relationship to the genus Salvia.

The specific epithet langmaniae was given in honor of Ida Kaplan Langman.

Ida Kaplan Langman
Ida Kaplan Langman was a Russian-born, American botanist. She made two long expeditions in Mexico from 1939 to 1941 and from 1948 to 1949. She is best known as the author of A Selected Guide to the Literature on the Flowering Plants of Mexico (1964).
Arena (Star Trek: The Original Series)
"Arena" is the 18th episode of the first season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek. Written by Gene L. Coon (based on a 1944 short story of the same name by Fredric Brown) and directed by Joseph Pevney, the episode was first broadcast on January 19, 1967.

In the episode, while pursuing a Gorn vessel for an apparently unprovoked attack on a Federation outpost, Captain Kirk is forced by powerful entities to battle the opposing captain.

Arena (short story)
"Arena" is a science fiction short story by American writer Fredric Brown, first published in the June 1944 issue of Astounding Science Fiction magazine. The members of the Science Fiction Writers of America selected it as one of the best science fiction stories published before the advent of the Nebula Awards, and as such it was included in The Science Fiction Hall of Fame, Volume One, 1929–1964.

Its most famous adaptation is in the American television series, Star Trek, with an episode of the same name.
Nick de Jong (sailor)
Nicolaas Pieter "Nick" de Jong  (born 25 March 1942) is a retired sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his country at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Enoshima. De Jong, as crew on the Dutch Flying Dutchman Daisy (H157), took the 6th place with helmsman Ben Verhagen. During the 1968 Summer Olympics in Acapulco  he crewed Daisy (H187), again with  helmsman Ben Verhagen to and an 18th place in the Flying Dutchman. For the 1972 Olympics De Jong made the switch from the Flying Dutchman to crew on the Soling with helmsman Heiki Blok and Rolf Kurpershoek. This team was nominated for the games by the KNWV. The nomination however did not resulted in a selection by the Dutch NOC.

Later De Jong was Chef d' équipe for the Dutch Olympic Sailing Team in 1992 and 1996. Nowadays De Jong helms the Dragon NED 22 and took part at the 2008 Vintage Yachting Games. Here he reached the 4th place with crew members Don van Arem and Miguel Karsters.

Ben Verhagen
Gijsbertus "Ben" Verhagen  (29 September 1926 – 4 January 2020) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his country at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Naples. Verhagen, as helmsman on the Dutch Flying Dutchman Daisy (H102), took 5th place with crew Gerard Lautenschutz (race 1–5) and Jaap Helder (Race 6&7). During the 1964 Summer Olympics in Naples and 1968 Summer Olympics in Acapulco he again helmed Daisy (H157/H187), this time with Nick de Jong, and finished in 6th and 18th place, respectively.

For the 1976 Olympics Verhagen made an attempt in the Tempest but failed to qualify. He also tried the Soling in the late 1970s and the 1980s.
Gazoz (band)
Gazoz (Hebrew: גזוז, lit. 'Soda') was an Israeli pop rock band established in 1978 and disbanded in 1979.

Two members of Gazoz, Gidi Gov and Danny Sanderson, played together in Kaveret before joining Gazoz. Most of its songs were radio hits, including “Rony”, “Danny And Mummy”, “Spaceship”, “Tea Makes Me Dizzy” and “Nine O'Clock At The Roundabout.”

Kaveret
Kaveret (Hebrew: כוורת, lit. "beehive"), also known as Poogy (Hebrew: פוגי, nickname of band drummer Meir Fenigstein chosen for their performances abroad), was an Israeli pop rock band, which operated originally from 1973 to 1976. Representing Israel in the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest, its songs featured humorous lyrics and ironic musical references. Kaveret is widely considered a breakthrough band in Israeli rock and pop history, and its members have had notable solo careers.
Hoot (torpedo)
The Hoot (Persian: حوت; Whale) is an Iranian supercavitation torpedo claimed to travel at approximately 360 km/h (220 mph), several times faster than a conventional torpedo. It was claimed to have been successfully test-fired from a surface ship against a dummy submarine during the Iranian military exercise "Great Prophet" (پيامبر اعظم) on 2 April 2006 and 3 April 2006. Iran test-fired the torpedo within its territorial waters in the Strait of Hormuz in May 2017.

The official Iranian news agency IRNA claims the torpedo was produced and developed by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی). Most military and industry analysts have concluded that the Hoot is reverse engineered from the Russian VA-111 Shkval supercavitation torpedo which travels at the same speed.

Supercavitation
In hydrodynamic engineering, supercavitation is the artificial generation of a cavitation bubble to reduce skin friction drag on a submerged object and enable high-speed travel. Applications include torpedoes and propellers, but in theory, the technique could be extended to an entire underwater vessel.
Atomistix
Atomistix A/S was a software company developing tools for atomic scale modelling. It was headquartered in Copenhagen, Denmark, with a subsidiary for Asia Pacific in Singapore and for the Americas in California. In September 2008 Atomistix A/S went bankrupt, but in December 2008 the newly founded company QuantumWise announced that they had acquired all assets from the Atomistix estate and would continue the development and marketing of the products Atomistix ToolKit and Atomistix Virtual NanoLab. QuantumWise was then acquired by Synopsys in 2017.

Atomistix Virtual NanoLab
Atomistix Virtual NanoLab (VNL) is a commercial point-and-click software for simulation and analysis of physical and chemical properties of nanoscale devices. Virtual NanoLab is developed and sold commercially by QuantumWise A/S. QuantumWise was then acquired by Synopsys in 2017.
Toscanini: In His Own Words
Toscanini: In His Own Words is a 2008 American documentary drama written and directed by Larry Weinstein, about Italian conductor Arturo Toscanini. It is based on tapes of Toscanini's intimate conversations with his friends, secretly recorded by Toscanini's son, Walter, which had been kept under lock and key for more than 50 years before the film's production.

Arturo Toscanini
Arturo Toscanini (/ɑːrˈtʊəroʊ ˌtɒskəˈniːni/; Italian: [arˈtuːro toskaˈniːni]; March 25, 1867 – January 16, 1957) was an Italian conductor. He was one of the most acclaimed and influential musicians of the late 19th and early 20th century, renowned for his intensity, his perfectionism, his ear for orchestral detail and sonority, and his eidetic memory. He was at various times the music director of La Scala in Milan and the New York Philharmonic. Later in his career, he was appointed the first music director of the NBC Symphony Orchestra (1937–1954), and this led to his becoming a household name, especially in the United States, through his radio and television broadcasts and many recordings of the operatic and symphonic repertoire.
Bionic/The Law
"Bionic/The Law" is the debut single by British glam rock band King Adora. The double a-side single was given a limited release on 8 May 2000 on Superior Quality Recordings and reached number 128 on the UK Singles Chart. Both songs would be re-recorded for the band's 2001 debut album, Vibrate You.

King Adora
King Adora was a rock group formed in Birmingham, England in 1998. The band released debut album Vibrate You in May 2001 (charting at No. 30 on the UK Albums Chart) and follow-up Who Do You Love? in March 2004. The band was notable for their short, riotous live shows. Lack of label support and changing tastes in the UK guitar music scene led King Adora to split in 2005. In 2010, the band reformed to play shows in Birmingham and London, but have been inactive since.
Sumner County, Kansas
Sumner County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat is Wellington.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,382.  The county is named after Charles Sumner, a U.S. Senator from Massachusetts who was a leader of Reconstruction politics.

Butler County, Kansas
Butler County is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas and is the largest county in the state by total area.  Its county seat is El Dorado and its most populous city is Andover.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 67,380.  The county was named for Andrew Butler, a U.S. Senator from South Carolina who coauthored the Kansas–Nebraska Act.
Common tree frog
Polypedates leucomystax is a species in the shrub frog family Rhacophoridae. It is known under numerous common names, including common tree frog, four-lined tree frog, golden tree frog or striped tree frog. Many past authors have united it with the common Indian tree frog in P. maculatus (or Rhacophorus maculatus, as was common in older times), but today they are generally considered distinct species. In its native range, it is also called "white-lipped tree frog", but this name is otherwise applied to a species of true tree frogs (family Hylidae).

Polypedates leucomystax is not considered a threatened species by the IUCN. It is, in fact a species complex containing various cryptic species within it.

Polypedates maculatus
Polypedates maculatus, the Indian tree frog, or Chunam tree frog, is a common species of tree frog found in South Asia. It was described by John Edward Gray in 1830.

Although now considered as a separate species again, for a time, the Himalayan tree frog was considered as a subspecies of the Indian tree frog (as P. m. himalayensis). Polypedates leucomystax, a very similar species, was formerly included in P. maculatus.
Abhinav Bharat Society
Abhinav Bharat Society (Young India Society) was an Indian Independence secret society founded by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and his brother Ganesh Damodar Savarkar
in 1904. Initially founded at Nasik as "Mitra Mela", the society grew to include several hundred revolutionaries and political activists with branches in various parts of India, extending to London after Savarkar went to study law. It carried out a few assassinations of British officials, after which the Savarkar brothers were convicted and imprisoned. The society was formally disbanded in 1952.

Ganesh Damodar Savarkar
Ganesh Damodar Savarkar (13 June 1879 – 16 March 1945), also known as Babarao Savarkar, was an Indian Hindutva activist. He was the founder of the Abhinav Bharat Society along with Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, his younger brother. 
He was a political prisoner twice; first from 1909-1922 (of which 1910-1921 was spent in the Cellular Jail); and second from 1933-1937. Both times he was unconditionally released.

He was one of the first five founding members of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, a Hindutva paramilitary organisation. He was also a member of the Hindu Mahasabha, a Hindu Nationalist political party.
Black Guard (Brazil)
The Black Guard of the Redemptress (Portuguese: Guarda Negra da Redentora) was a paramilitary secret society in Rio de Janeiro composed of Brazilian former African slaves freed on May 13, 1888, by the signature of the Golden Law by Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil.

The guard included capoeiristas who belonged to the street gangs of Rio de Janeiro.

The group was led by José do Patrocínio, a former republican, and its ostensible purpose was to protect the well-being of the Brazilian Imperial Family and to ensure the Princess Imperial's accession to the throne, in opposition to the rising threat of a republican coup. The group began its activities soon after the abolition of slavery and lasted until shortly around the Proclamation of the Republic in Brazil on November 15, 1889.

José do Patrocínio
José Carlos do Patrocínio (9 October 1854 – 29 January 1905) was a Brazilian writer, journalist, activist, orator and pharmacist. He was among the most well-known proponents of the abolition of slavery in Brazil, and known as "Tigre da Abolição" (The Tiger of Abolition). He founded and occupied the 21st chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1897 until his death in 1905.
Peng Cheng
Peng Cheng (Chinese: 彭程; pinyin: Péng Chéng; Mandarin pronunciation: [pʰə̌ŋ ʈʂʰə̌ŋ]; April 23, 1997) is a Chinese pair skater. With her current partner Wang Lei, she is the 2023 Cup of China bronze medalist and 2023 Chinese national champion.

With former partner Jin Yang, she is a two-time Four Continents medalist (silver in 2020, bronze in 2019), two-time Grand Prix Final silver medalist (2018–19, 2019–20), and the 2017 Asian Winter Games silver medalist. Peng/Jin represented China at the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics.

With former partner Zhang Hao, she is the 2015 Four Continents silver medalist and competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Wang Lei (figure skater)
Wang Lei (born July 11, 1988) is a Chinese pair skater. With Wang Xuehan, he is a bronze medalist at three Grand Prix events – 2014 Trophée Éric Bompard, 2014 Cup of China, and 2016 NHK Trophy – and the 2016 Chinese national champion. With earlier partner Zhang Yue, he is a two-time ISU Junior Grand Prix Final medalist, having won silver in 2008 and bronze in 2009.
Leif Erikson Day
Leif Erikson Day is an annual observance that occurs on October 9. It honors Leif Erikson (Old Norse: Leifr Eiríksson), the Norse explorer who, in approximately 1000 AD, led the first Europeans believed to have set foot on the continent of North America (other than Greenland).

Because the exact date of Leif's arrival to the Americas is unknown, the October 9 date was chosen in commemoration of the Restauration's arrival to New York Harbor, carrying some of the first Norwegian immigrants to the United States. This means the holiday occurs before Columbus Day (although it is sometimes coincident with the US' observation of Columbus Day).

Restauration (ship)
Restauration was a sloop built in 1801, in Hardanger, Norway. It became a symbol of Norwegian American immigration. Historical sources may contain several variations on the name of the sloop, including Restauration, Restoration, Restaurasjonen, and Restorasjon.