hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jessie Mann
Janet Mann (Jessie) (20 January 1805 – 21 April 1867) was the studio assistant of the pioneering Scottish photographers David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson. She is "a strong candidate as the first Scottish woman photographer" and one of the first women anywhere to be involved in photography.

David Octavius Hill
David Octavius Hill (20 May 1802 – 17 May 1870) was a Scottish painter, photographer and arts activist. He formed Hill & Adamson studio with the engineer and photographer Robert Adamson between 1843 and 1847 to pioneer many aspects of photography in Scotland.
Sugawara no Kiyotomo
Sugawara no Kiyotomo (菅原 清公; 770 – November 26, 842), also read as Kiyokimi, was a Japanese court noble, poet, and politician of the early Heian period. He served as Vice Minister of Ceremonial Affairs, Mayor of the Left Capital District, and Vice Governor of Harima Province (824–825), and held the court rank of Junior Third Rank.

He was the father of Sugawara no Koreyoshi, and grandfather of Sugawara no Michizane who was deified as Tenjin, the deity of scholarship.

Sugawara no Koreyoshi
Sugawara no Koreyoshi (菅原 是善; 812 – 11 October 880) was a Japanese aristocrat, poet and politician of the early Heian period. He was the fourth son of Sugawara no Kiyotomo. He reached the court rank of ju san-mi (従三位) and the position of sangi.
Charles Vyvyan
Major General Charles Gerard Courtenay Vyvyan, CB, CBE (born 29 September 1944) is a retired British Army officer. He served as head of the British Defence Staff and Defence Attaché in Washington, D.C. (1997–2000), and Gentleman Usher of the Scarlet Rod (2006–2018).

British Defence Staff – US
The British Defence Staff – US, which was previously known as British Joint Staff Mission and  British Defence Staff (Washington), is the home of the Ministry of Defence in the United States of America and its purpose is to serve the interests of His Majesty's Government in the US.

The British Defence Staff – US is led by the Defence Attaché who is the British Ambassador's senior adviser on defence issues, and has responsibility over 750 military and civilian Ministry of Defence personnel located both within the Embassy and in 30 states across the US.
Tarzan Goes to India
Tarzan Goes to India (1962) is the first film featuring Jock Mahoney as Tarzan. The twenty-fourth film of the Tarzan film series that began with 1932's Tarzan the Ape Man, it was written by Robert Hardy Andrews and directed by John Guillermin, who also directed Tarzan's Greatest Adventure. The film also stars Indian Bollywood actors Feroz Khan, Simi Garewal and Murad in pivotal roles. It was followed by Tarzan's Three Challenges (1963) which was set in Thailand. It was one of two Mahoney films that took Tarzan out of Africa and sent him to the Far East. It was a co-production between Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. Jock Mahoney had appeared as the villain Coy Banton in the previous Tarzan film, Tarzan the Magnificent.

Tarzan the Magnificent
Tarzan the Magnificent is a 1960 British Eastmancolor film, the follow-up to Tarzan's Greatest Adventure (1959) and the twenty-third film of the Tarzan film series that began with 1932's Tarzan the Ape Man. Its plot bears no relation to that of the 1939 Edgar Rice Burroughs novel of the same name. The film was directed by Robert Day and produced by Sy Weintraub and Harvey Hayutin. Gordon Scott made his last appearance as Tarzan in the film, while Jock Mahoney appeared as villain Coy Banton. Mahoney would take over the Tarzan role himself beginning in the next film, Tarzan Goes to India, in 1962. The motion picture does not include Jane.
Ek Tukro Chand
Ek Tukro Chand (transl. A Piece of Moon) is a 2001 Indian Bengali action adventure film directed by Pinaki Chaudhuri, based on the Kakababu story, Santu O Ek Tukro Chand by Sunil Gangopadhyay. It is a sequel to 1995 film Kakababu Here Gelen?.

Kakababu Here Gelen?
Kakababu Here Gelen? (transl. Did Kakababu Lose?) is a Bengali detective film of Kakababu series, released in 1995 directed by Pinaki Chaudhuri under the banner of National Film Development Corporation. It is based on a detective novel of Sunil Gangopadhyay by the same name. The movie is a prequel to the 2001 Bengali movie Ek Tukro Chand. Soumitra Chatterjee played the role of antihero in this movie.
New Caledonia (Canada)
New Caledonia was a fur-trading district of the Hudson's Bay Company that comprised the territory of the north-central portions of present-day British Columbia, Canada.  Though not a British colony, New Caledonia was part of the British claim to North America.  Its administrative centre was Fort St. James. The rest of what is now mainland British Columbia was called the Columbia Department by the British, and the Oregon Country by the Americans. Even before the partition of the Columbia Department by the Oregon Treaty in 1846, New Caledonia was often used to describe anywhere on the mainland not in the Columbia Department, such as Fort Langley in the Fraser Valley.

Oregon Treaty
The Oregon Treaty was a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United States that was signed on June 15, 1846, in Washington, D.C. The treaty brought an end to the Oregon boundary dispute by settling competing American and British claims to the Oregon Country through partition.  The area had been jointly occupied by both Britain and the U.S. since the Treaty of 1818.
Oudemansin A
Oudemansin A is a natural product first isolated from the basidiomycete fungus Oudemansiella mucida. Its chemical structure was determined by X-ray crystallography in 1979 and absolute stereochemistry by total synthesis. Two closely related derivatives, oudemansin B and X have also been isolated from other basidiomycetes. They are all biologically active against many filamentous fungi and yeasts but with insufficient potency and stability to become useful commercial products. However, their discovery, together with the strobilurins led to agricultural fungicides including azoxystrobin with the same mechanism of action.

Azoxystrobin
Azoxystrobin is a broad spectrum systemic fungicide widely used in agriculture to protect crops from fungal diseases. It was first marketed in 1996 using the brand name Amistar and by 1999 it had been registered in 48 countries on more than 50 crops. In the year 2000 it was announced that it had been granted UK Millennium product status.
Tama New Town
35°37′26″N 139°25′22″E﻿ / ﻿35.6239451°N 139.4228727°E﻿ / 35.6239451; 139.4228727

Tama New Town (多摩ニュータウン, Tama Nyūtaun) is a large residential development, straddling the municipalities of Hachiōji, Tama, Inagi and Machida cities, in Tokyo, Japan. It was designed as a new town in 1965. It is approximately 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) long stretching east-west, and between 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) and 3 km (1.9 mi) wide, located in an expanse of hills known as Tama Hills about 20 kilometers (12 mi) west of the center of the special wards of Tokyo.

It currently has a population of about 200,000, making it the largest housing development in Japan.

Machida, Tokyo
Machida (町田市, Machida-shi) is a city located in the western portion of the Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 1 April 2021, the city had an estimated population of 428,851, and a population density of 6,000 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 71.80 square kilometres (27.72 sq mi).

Due to geographical and other reasons, Machida is often regarded as having more connection to Kanagawa Prefecture than to Tokyo Metropolis, to which it administratively belongs.
Ellenbrook, Western Australia
Ellenbrook is an outer suburb and planned community in Perth, Western Australia, within the City of Swan local government area. It is 28 km (17 mi) north-east of Perth's central business district and 18 km (11 mi) north of the regional metropolitan centre of Midland. It was first developed in the 1990s as a joint venture between the Government of Western Australia and private landowners in the area.

Ellenbrook is a designated secondary activity centre within the Perth metropolitan area, serving Perth's north-eastern corridor. It forms a contiguous urban area with the adjoining communities of The Vines, Aveley and Henley Brook.

Aveley, Western Australia
Aveley is an outer suburb of Perth, Western Australia, located 30 kilometres (19 mi) north-east of Perth's central business district in the City of Swan. It is adjacent to and forms a common urban area with the secondary metropolitan centre of Ellenbrook. The suburb was developed during the 2000s and the 2010s as a masterplanned community.
El Forn
El Forn (Catalan pronunciation: [el ˈfoɾn]), also known as El Forn de Canillo, is a hamlet in Andorra, located in the parish of Canillo. It is particularly significant as the site of the El Forn landslide, the largest active deep-seated landslide in the Pyrenees. This geological feature consists mainly of Silurian black shales within its shear band and has been extensively studied due to its slow but continuous movement, which causes visible damage to local infrastructure. The landslide's complex history spans at least 30,000 years and is closely linked to glacial activity in the Valira d'Orient valley, with three major sliding events identified through geological analysis and radiocarbon dating. Due to potential impacts on nearby villages, comprehensive monitoring systems including boreholes, inclinometers, and radar interferometry have been implemented to assess risks and develop early-warning strategies.

Canillo
Canillo (Catalan pronunciation: [kaˈniʎo]) is one of the seven parishes which make up Andorra. Canillo is also the name of the main town of the parish. The parish is considered the religious center of Andorra with the Sanctuary and Chapel of Our Lady of Meritxell, patron saint of Andorra, and contains one of the best-preserved romanesque churches in the Pyrenees, Sant Joan de Caselles. It has a population of 4,826 as of 2011. Despite having a tourist vocation, the parish of Canillo still retains many livestock and agricultural traits. It borders France to the north and east.
Pilate's court
In the canonical gospels, Pilate's court refers to the trial of Jesus in the praetorium before Pontius Pilate, preceded by the Sanhedrin Trial. In the Gospel of Luke, Pilate finds that Jesus, being from Galilee, belonged to Herod Antipas' jurisdiction, and so he decides to send Jesus to Herod. After questioning Jesus and receiving very few replies, Herod sees Jesus as no threat and returns him to Pilate.

It was noted that Pilate appears as an advocate pleading Jesus' case rather than as a judge in an official hearing. In the Gospel of John (18:28–19:13), his "to-ing and fro-ing", that is, Pilate's back and forth movement from inside the praetorium to the outside courtyard, indicates his "wavering position".

Jesus at Herod's court
Jesus at Herod's court refers to an episode in the New Testament which describes Jesus being sent to Herod Antipas in Jerusalem, prior to his crucifixion. This episode is described in Luke 23 (23:7–15).
ALUPEC
The Alfabeto Unificado para a Escrita do Caboverdiano (Unified Alphabet for Cape Verdean Writing), commonly known as ALUPEC, is the alphabet that was officially recognized by the Cape Verdean government to write Cape Verdean Creole.

Cape Verdean Creole
Cape Verdean Creole is a Portuguese-based creole language spoken on the islands of Cape Verde. It is the native creole language of virtually all Cape Verdeans and is used as a second language by the Cape Verdean diaspora.

The creole has particular importance for creolistics studies since it is the oldest living creole. It is the most widely spoken Portuguese-based creole language.
Aerospace manufacturer
An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing, building, testing, selling, and maintaining aircraft, aircraft parts, missiles, rockets, or spacecraft. Aerospace is a high technology industry.

The aircraft industry is the industry supporting aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance.  This includes aircraft and parts used for civil aviation and military aviation. Most production is done pursuant to type certificates and Defense Standards issued by a government body. This term has been largely subsumed by the more encompassing term: "aerospace industry".

Aircraft maintenance
Aircraft maintenance is the performance of tasks required to ensure the continuing airworthiness of an aircraft or aircraft part, including overhaul, inspection, replacement, defect rectification, and the embodiment of modifications, compliance with airworthiness directives and repair.
Alperton tube station
Alperton is a London Underground station in Alperton, north-west London. It is on the Uxbridge branch of the Piccadilly line, between Sudbury Town and Park Royal stations. It is in London fare zone 4.

The station is located on Ealing Road (A4089), a short distance from the junction with Bridgewater Road (A4005), and is close to the Paddington branch of the Grand Union Canal.

Sudbury Town tube station
Sudbury Town (/ˈsʌdbəri/) is a London Underground station. It is located on the border between the London Boroughs of Brent and Ealing, with its main entrance on Station Approach in Sudbury. The station is on the Uxbridge branch of the Piccadilly line, between Sudbury Hill and Alperton stations. The forecourt of the station is known as Station Crescent. The station serves Sudbury, which forms the western part of Wembley. It is in London fare zone 4.

Sudbury & Harrow Road National Rail station is located around 350 metres to the north, while Wembley Central station is around 1 km to the east.
Substructure search
Substructure search (SSS) is a method to retrieve from a database only those chemicals matching a pattern of atoms and bonds which a user specifies. It is an application of graph theory, specifically subgraph matching in which the query is a hydrogen-depleted molecular graph. The mathematical foundations for the method were laid in the 1870s, when it was suggested that chemical structure drawings were equivalent to graphs with atoms as vertices and bonds as edges. SSS is now a standard part of cheminformatics and is widely used by pharmaceutical chemists in drug discovery.

There are many commercial systems that provide SSS, typically having a graphical user interface and chemical drawing software. Large publicly available databases like PubChem and ChemSpider can be searched this way, as can Wikipedia's articles describing individual chemicals.

Subgraph isomorphism problem
In theoretical computer science, the subgraph isomorphism problem is a computational task in which two graphs  and  are given as input, and one must determine whether  contains a subgraph that is isomorphic to .
Subgraph isomorphism is a generalization of both the maximum clique problem and the problem of testing whether a graph contains a Hamiltonian cycle, and is therefore NP-complete. However certain other cases of subgraph isomorphism may be solved in polynomial time.

Sometimes the name subgraph matching is also used for the same problem. This name puts emphasis on finding such a subgraph as opposed to the bare decision problem.
Rolls-Royce Phantom I
The Rolls-Royce Phantom was Rolls-Royce's replacement for the original Silver Ghost. Introduced as the New Phantom in 1925, the Phantom had a larger engine than the Silver Ghost and used pushrod-operated overhead valves instead of the Silver Ghost's side valves.

The Phantom was built in Derby, England, and Springfield, Massachusetts, in the United States. There were several differences in specification between the English and American Phantoms.

The Phantom was replaced by the Phantom II in 1929. The designation Phantom I was never used by Rolls-Royce; it is a construct of enthusiasts applied to help distinguish it from other generations with the same model name.

Rolls-Royce Phantom II
The Rolls-Royce Phantom II was the third and last of Rolls-Royce's 40/50 hp models, replacing the New Phantom in 1929. It used an improved version of the New Phantom engine in an all-new chassis. A "Continental" version, with a short wheelbase and stiffer springs, was offered.
Serpent Column
The Serpent Column (Ancient Greek: Τρικάρηνος Ὄφις Τrikarenos Οphis "Three-headed Serpent"; Turkish: Yılanlı Sütun "Serpentine Column"), also known as the Serpentine Column, Plataean Tripod or Delphi Tripod, is an ancient bronze column at the Hippodrome of Constantinople (known as Atmeydanı "Horse Square" in the Ottoman period) in what is now Istanbul, Turkey. It is part of an ancient Greek sacrificial tripod, originally in Delphi and relocated to Constantinople by Constantine the Great in 324. It was built to commemorate the Greeks who fought and defeated the Persian Empire at the Battle of Plataea (479 BC). The serpent heads of the 8-metre (26 ft) high column remained intact until the end of the 17th century (one is on display at the nearby Istanbul Archaeology Museums).

Hippodrome of Constantinople
The Hippodrome of Constantinople (Greek: Ἱππόδρομος τῆς Κωνσταντινουπόλεως, romanized: Hippódromos tēs Kōnstantinoupóleōs; Latin: Circus Maximus Constantinopolitanus; Turkish: Hipodrom) was a circus that was the sporting and social centre of Constantinople, capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. Today it is a square in Istanbul, Turkey, known as Sultanahmet Square (Turkish: Sultanahmet Meydanı).

The word hippodrome comes from the Greek hippos (ἵππος), horse, and dromos (δρόμος), path or way. For this reason, it is sometimes also called Atmeydanı ("Horse Square") in Turkish. Horse racing and chariot racing were popular pastimes in the ancient world and hippodromes were common features of Greek cities in the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine eras.
Baron Arundell of Trerice
Baron Arundell of Trerice, in the County of Cornwall, was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1664 for the Royalist soldier and politician Richard Arundell. He was the second son of Sir John Arundell and the great-grandson of Admiral Sir John Arundell. He was succeeded by his son, the second Baron. He sat as a Member of Parliament for Truro. The title became extinct on the death of his grandson, the fourth Baron, in 1768.

The family seat was Trerice, Cornwall.

Richard Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Trerice
Richard Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Trerice (c. 1616 – 7 September 1687) of Trerice in Cornwall, was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons  at various times between 1640 and 1664 when he was raised to the peerage. He fought in the Royalist army during the First English Civil War.
Shrewsbury Canal
The Shrewsbury Canal (or Shrewsbury and Newport Canal) was a canal in Shropshire, England. Authorised in 1793, the main line from Trench to Shrewsbury was fully open by 1797, but it remained isolated from the rest of the canal network until 1835, when the Birmingham and Liverpool Junction Canal built the Newport Branch from Norbury Junction to a new junction with the Shrewsbury Canal at Wappenshall. After ownership passed to a series of railway companies, the canal was officially abandoned in 1944; many sections have disappeared, though some bridges and other structures can still be found. There is an active campaign to preserve the remnants of the canal and to restore the Norbury to Shrewsbury line to navigation.

Wappenshall Junction
Wappenshall Junction (grid reference SJ662145) is a British canal junction located at Wappenshall, Shropshire. It was created when the Newport Branch Canal joined the Shrewsbury Canal in 1835, and was closed along with the canal in 1944.
DF-space
In the mathematical field of functional analysis, DF-spaces, also written (DF)-spaces are locally convex topological vector space having a property that is shared by locally convex metrizable topological vector spaces. They play a considerable part in the theory of topological tensor products.

DF-spaces were first defined by Alexander Grothendieck and studied in detail by him in (Grothendieck 1954). 
Grothendieck was led to introduce these spaces by the following property of strong duals of metrizable spaces: If  is a metrizable locally convex space and  is a sequence of convex 0-neighborhoods in  such that  absorbs every strongly bounded set, then  is a 0-neighborhood in  (where  is the continuous dual space of  endowed with the strong dual topology).

Metrizable topological vector space
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a metrizable (resp. pseudometrizable) topological vector space (TVS) is a TVS whose topology is induced by a metric (resp. pseudometric). An LM-space is an inductive limit of a sequence of locally convex metrizable TVS.
Magomed Omarov (boxer)
Magomed Shakhbanovich Omarov (Russian: Магомед Шахбанович Омаров, born 16 October, 1989) is a Russian Super Heavyweight amateur boxer best known to win the 2011 European Amateur Boxing Championships.
He also qualified for the 2012 Summer Olympics, held in London, where he reached the quarter-final but lost to Azeri World Champion Magomedrasul Majidov.

Magomedrasul Majidov
Mahommedrasul Majidov (Azerbaijani: Məhəmmədrəsul Məcidov, born 27 September 1986) is an Azerbaijani professional boxer. As an amateur he won a bronze medal at the 2012 Olympics and gold at the 2011, 2013 and 2017 World Championships, all in the super heavyweight division.
Melinda Romero Donnelly
Melinda Kathleen Romero Donnelly (born October 8, 1971) is a Puerto Rican politician, and former senator and Representative for the New Progressive Party (PNP). She is the youngest daughter of former Governor of Puerto Rico Carlos Romero Barceló and Kate de Romero. During a break from her political career, Romero worked as a journalist for the Caribbean Business newspaper.

Carlos Romero Barceló
Carlos Antonio Romero Barceló (September 4, 1932 – May 2, 2021) was a Puerto Rican politician who served as the governor of Puerto Rico from 1977 to 1985. He was the second governor to be elected from the New Progressive Party (PNP). He also served on several other political positions including Mayor of San Juan from 1969 to 1977 and Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico in United States Congress from 1993 to 2001.

Romero Barceló was the grandson of Antonio R. Barceló, a Union Party leader and advocate of Puerto Rican independence during the early 20th century, and the son of Josefina Barceló, the first woman to preside over a major political party in Puerto Rico.
Sodium carbonate
Sodium carbonate (also known as washing soda, soda ash, sal soda, and soda crystals) is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2CO3 and its various hydrates. All forms are white, odorless, water-soluble salts that yield alkaline solutions in water. Historically, it was extracted from the ashes of plants grown in sodium-rich soils, and because the ashes of these sodium-rich plants were noticeably different from ashes of wood (once used to produce potash), sodium carbonate became known as "soda ash". It is produced in large quantities from sodium chloride and limestone by the Solvay process, as well as by carbonating sodium hydroxide which is made using the chloralkali process.

Sodium chloride
Sodium chloride /ˌsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd/, commonly known as table salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral halite. In its edible form, it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks for further chemical syntheses. Another major application of sodium chloride is de-icing of roadways in sub-freezing weather.