hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Seclusion of girls at puberty
The seclusion of girls at puberty has been practised in societies around the world, especially prior to the early 20th century. In such cultures, girls' puberty held more significance than boys' due to menstruation, the girl's potential for giving birth, and widespread ideas of ritual purification related to the sacred power of blood. These societies practised various rites of passage, many of which lost their original forms or completely disappeared with the emergence of modern trends such as industrialization.

Culture and menstruation
There are many cultural aspects surrounding how societies view menstruation. Different cultures view menstruation in different ways. The basis of many conduct norms and communication about menstruation in western industrial societies is the belief that menstruation should remain hidden. By contrast, in some indigenous hunter-gatherer societies, menstrual observances are viewed in a positive light, without any connotation of uncleanness.  In most of India, menarche is celebrated as a rite of passage.

A menstrual taboo is any social taboo concerned with menstruation. In some societies it involves menstruation being perceived as unclean or embarrassing, inhibiting even the mention of menstruation whether in public (in the media and advertising) or in private (among friends, in the household, or with men). Many traditional religions consider menstruation ritually unclean, although anthropologists say that the concepts 'sacred' and 'unclean' may be intimately connected.
Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War
Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War is a military science fiction real-time strategy video game developed by Relic Entertainment and based on Games Workshop's miniature wargame Warhammer 40,000. It was released by THQ on September 20, 2004, in North America and on September 24 in Europe.

As a series, Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War has sold more than 7 million copies worldwide as of January 2013.

Three expansion packs have been released: Winter Assault in 2005, Dark Crusade in 2006, and Soulstorm in 2008. A remastered version of the game and its three expansions, titled Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War - Definitive Edition, was released on August 14, 2025. The game has three sequels: Dawn of War II (2009), Dawn of War III (2017), and Dawn of War IV (2026).

Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War – Soulstorm
Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War – Soulstorm is the third expansion to the real-time strategy video game Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War, developed by Iron Lore Entertainment. Like its predecessors, Soulstorm is based on Games Workshop's tabletop wargame Warhammer 40,000, and introduces a multitude of new features to the Dawn of War series, including two new playable factions in the form of the Imperial Sisters of Battle and the Dark Eldar. It is a stand-alone game and does not need the original Dawn of War disc to run, but players must have the prior games installed and provide valid CD keys for these  in order to play as anything but the two new factions in Multiplayer.
The Warrant
The Warrant is a 2020 American Western-themed film. The film stars Steven R. McQueen and Neal McDonough as a father and son duo, who dedicate their lives to upholding the law. A sequel to the film titled The Warrant: Breaker's Law, was announced in 2022.

The Warrant: Breaker's Law
The Warrant: Breaker's Law is a 2023 American Western film. It is the sequel to The Warrant, with Neal McDonough returning as Sheriff John Breaker.

A trailer for the film came out in early 2023, before it was released on Vudu in April 2023. It was nominated for a Golden Nymph Award in the fiction category in 2023.
Chadron State College
Chadron State College (CSC) is a public college in Chadron, Nebraska, United States. It is one of three public colleges in the Nebraska State College System. The school opened in June 1911 and has an enrollment of about 2,200 students.

Chadron, Nebraska
Chadron (/ˈʃædrən/ SHAD-rən) is a city in and the county seat of Dawes County, Nebraska, United States, in the Great Plains region. The population was 5,206 at the 2020 census.

The city is home to an 11-story high-rise on the campus of Chadron State College, with the building being the tallest in the Nebraska Panhandle.
Yazılıkaya
Yazılıkaya, Eskişehir, also called Midas City, is a village with Phrygian ruins.

Yazılıkaya (Turkish: Inscribed rock) was a sanctuary of Hattusa, the capital city of the Hittite Empire, today in the Çorum Province, Turkey. Rock reliefs are a prominent aspect of Hittite art, and these are generally regarded as the most important group.

Hattusa
Hattusa, also Hattuşa, Ḫattuša, Hattusas, or Hattusha, was the capital of the Hittite Empire in the late Bronze Age during two distinct periods. Its ruins lie near modern Boğazkale, Turkey (originally Boğazköy) within the great loop of the Kızılırmak River (Hittite: Marashantiya; Greek: Halys).

French archeologist Charles Texier brought attention to the ruins after his visit in 1834. Over the following century, sporadic exploration occurred, involving different archaeologists. The German Oriental Society and the German Archaeological Institute began systematic excavations in the early 20th century, which continue to this day. Hattusa was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1986.
Alison Begbie
Alison Begbie, Ellison Begbie or Elizabeth Gebbie (1762–1823), is said to have been the daughter of a farmer, born in the parish of Galston, and at the time of her courtship by Robert Burns she is thought to have been a servant or housekeeper employed at Carnell House, then known as Cairnhill, on the River Cessnock, situated about 2 miles from Loudoun Mill. It is thought that Burns's youngest sister Isobel Burns confused her name, which was really Elizabeth Gebbie.

Isabella Burns
Isabella Burns (Isabella Begg) (1771–1858) or Isobel Burns (Isobel Begg) was the youngest sister of the poet Robert Burns, born to William Burness and Agnes Broun at Mount Oliphant Farm on the 27 June 1771 and christened on 2 July 1771 by Rev. William McGill, a friend of her father. When she died she was the last member of Robert Burns's immediate family and when living at Bridge House in Alloway for the last sixteen years of her life she entertained many visitors who were interested in his life and works. She was the source of many published insights into Burns's life, character and loves. Her siblings knew her as 'Isbal'.
Federation of the Greens
The Federation of the Greens (Italian: Federazione dei Verdi, FdV), frequently referred to as Greens (Verdi), was a green political party in Italy. It was formed in 1990 by the merger of the Federation of Green Lists and the Rainbow Greens.

The FdV was part of the European Green Party and the Global Greens. In July 2021 it was merged into Green Europe.

Rainbow Greens (Italy)
Rainbow Greens (Italian: Verdi Arcobaleno) was a green political party in Italy.

It was founded in May 1989 by splinters of Proletarian Democracy (Mario Capanna, Virginio Bettini, Gianni Tamino, Edo Ronchi and Paolo Gentiloni) and some leading Radicals (Adelaide Aglietta, Adele Faccio, Francesco Rutelli, Franco Corleone and Marco Boato).

It took part in the 1989 European elections, under the denomination 'Rainbow Greens for Europe' (Verdi Arcobaleno per l'Europa), receiving 2.4% of the vote and electing 2 MEPs, who sat in the Green Group.

In December 1990 it merged with the Federation of Green Lists (Gianni Mattioli, Lino De Benetti, Gianfranco Amendola, Alexander Langer, Enrico Falqui, Sauro Turroni and Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio) to form the Federation of the Greens.
Piperheugh
Piperheugh, Piper's-Heugh, or even Piperhaugh was a hamlet in North Ayrshire, Parish of Stevenston, Scotland. The inhabitants were recorded as famous manufacturers of trumps, or Jew's harps. The village only survived as ruins by 1837 and no remnants are now visible, not even the plantation that bore its name. 'Pyperheugh' and 'Pypersheugh' are both recorded in the 18th century.

The site of the hamlet or village of Piperheugh is said to have been on the north-east side of Woodhead Plantation, where on the road to Guest Mailling and Ardeer Mains, once called Little Dubbs (now Ardeer Steading), was located a clump of trees known locally as the Pipers-Heugh Plantation, and extending eastwards towards the crossroads. Smith records it as being located beyond the east end of the bank upon which Ardeer House once stood.

Stevenston
Stevenston (Scots: Stinstoun, Scottish Gaelic: Baile Steaphain) is a town and parish in North Ayrshire, Scotland. Along with Ardrossan and Saltcoats it is one of the "Three Towns", all of similar size, on the Firth of Clyde coast; the easternmost parts of Stevenston are about 1⁄2 mile (800 metres) from western parts of Kilwinning, the A78 trunk road runs between the settlements.
Pittsburgh Stars
The Pittsburgh (or Pittsburg) Stars were a professional American football team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1902. The team was a member of the first National Football League, which has no connection with the modern National Football League. The league was a curious mixture of baseball and football, with two of the three teams (Philadelphia Athletics and Philadelphia Phillies) sponsored by the major league baseball teams of the same names, and the Pittsburgh team suspected of being secretly financed by baseball's Pittsburgh Pirates. The Stars were managed by Dave Berry, previously the manager of the Latrobe Athletic Association professional football team.

The Stars won the league championship in the league's only season of existence.

Philadelphia Athletics (NFL)
The Philadelphia Athletics were a professional American football team based in Philadelphia and founded in 1902. The team was a member of the 1902 National Football League (which has no connection to the active National Football League). The league comprised a curious mixture of baseball and football players.
Guy Montgomery
Guy Montgomery (born 29 September 1988) is a comedian from New Zealand. He is known for his panel game show Guy Montgomery's Guy Mont-Spelling Bee, which he began as a web series before becoming a TV series, for +HR=E in New Zealand, and later, adapted to a slightly higher budget Australian version for the ABC. He is also known for his long-running podcast series, The Worst Idea of All Time, created with friend and fellow New Zealand comedian Tim Batt. He has won two New Zealand comedy prizes: the Billy T Award in 2014 and Fred Award in 2023. Montgomery won the Australian Silver Logie Award for Most Popular New Talent in 2025 for the ABC's version of Guy Mont-Spelling Bee.

Tim Batt
Tim Batt (born 19 August 1987) is a New Zealand-based comedian and podcaster. He co-hosted The Worst Idea of All Time podcast with fellow NZ comedian Guy Montgomery and was nominated for a Billy T Award in 2014 and 2015.
Ghislain Emmanuel
Christianity portal

Ghislain Elwyn Emmanuel (died 16 February 1977) was Bishop of Mauritius from 1976 to 1977.

He was educated at King's College London and ordained deacon in 1956 and priest in 1957.

His first post was as a Curate at Vacoas (1956-58) after which he was Priest in charge at Rodrigues (1958-60) and then a Minor Canon at St James's Cathedral Port Louis (1960-65). Later he was Principal of St Paul's Theological College, Mauritius from 1964 and then Archdeacon of Mauritius from 1972. The first native Mauritian bishop of the Diocese of Mauritius, he died after three months in office. He died in 1977, aged 48.

Bishop of Mauritius
The Bishop of Mauritius (French: Évêque de Maurice) has been  the Ordinary of the Anglican Church in Mauritius in the Indian Ocean since its inception in 1854. The current bishop is Joseph Sténio André.
Surface force
Surface force denoted fs is the force that acts across an internal or external surface element in a material body. 
Normal forces and shear forces between objects are types of surface force. All cohesive forces and contact forces between objects are considered as surface forces.
Surface force can be decomposed into two perpendicular components: normal forces and shear forces. A normal force acts normally over an area and a shear force acts tangentially over an area.

Contact force
A contact force is any force that occurs because of two objects making contact with each other. Contact forces are very common and are responsible for most visible interactions between macroscopic collections of matter. Pushing a car or kicking a ball are everyday examples where contact forces are at work. In the first case the force is continuously applied to the car by a person, while in the second case the force is delivered in a short impulse.

Contact forces are often decomposed into orthogonal components, one perpendicular to the surface(s) in contact called the normal force, and one parallel to the surface(s) in contact, called the friction force.

Not all forces are contact forces; for example, the weight of an object is the force between the object and the Earth, even though the two do not need to make contact. Gravitational forces, electrical forces and magnetic forces are body forces and can exist without contact occurring.
The Mandela Catalogue
The Mandela Catalogue is a 2021 analog horror web series created by American YouTuber Alex Kister. It is set in the fictional Mandela County in the United States that is invaded by otherworldly entities called Alternates that psychologically torture their victims with the ultimate goal of assuming their identities as doppelgängers. The series became popular online, in part due to reaction videos and story analyses of it by internet users and YouTubers.

Analog horror
Analog horror is a subgenre of horror fiction commonly characterized by low-fidelity graphics, cryptic messages, few to no traditional jump scares, and visual styles reminiscent of late 20th-century television and analog recordings. It is an offshoot of the found footage film genre, said to have its origins in online horror of the late 2000s and early 2010s, including creepypasta stories such as The Backrooms and found footage series such as No Through Road and Marble Hornets. The genre gained more widespread popularity with the release of Kris Straub's Local 58 in October 2015, with the series' slogan ("ANALOG HORROR AT 476 MHz") providing the genre's name.
Tierra del Sol (restaurant)
Tierra del Sol is a Oaxacan restaurant with two locations in Portland, Oregon. Chef-owner Amalia Sierra began operating the business from a food cart at Portland Mercado in 2015. A second location opened in the Montavilla neighborhood in 2020.

Portland Mercado
Portland Mercado is a collection of food carts (or a "pod") in Portland, Oregon, United States. The carts are located in Southeast Portland's Mt. Scott-Arleta neighborhood, at the border of Foster-Powell.
RAF Scorton
Royal Air Force Scorton or more simply RAF Scorton is a former Royal Air Force satellite station located next to the village of Scorton in North Yorkshire, England. The base was opened in October 1939 as part of 13 Group RAF Fighter Command and a satellite station of RAF Catterick. It was used by the Royal Air Force, the Royal Canadian Air Force, and the United States Army Air Forces Ninth Air Force during the war.

The famous No. 56 Squadron RAF flew Supermarine Spitfires from Scorton during the Second World War.  Also the USAAF 422d and 425th Night Fighter Squadrons were stationed at Scorton flying the Northrop P-61 Black Widow fighter.

After the war, it was kept for a while as a Maintenance Unit base, then disposed of in the 1950s. It is now a site of gravel extraction.

RAF Catterick
Royal Air Force Catterick or RAF Catterick is a former Royal Air Force sector station located near Catterick, North Yorkshire in England.  It is located alongside the A6055 road on the outskirts of Catterick Village.

Although initially a flying station, RAF Catterick was primarily the depot of the RAF Regiment for nearly 50 years. The station closed in 1994 and was transferred to the British Army to become Marne Barracks. Operationally it falls under the command of Catterick Garrison. It currently houses 5th Regiment Royal Artillery and 32 Engineer Regiment.
Section 63 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008
Section 63 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 is a law in the United Kingdom criminalising possession of what it refers to as "extreme pornographic images". The law came into force on 26 January 2009. The legislation was brought in following the murder of Jane Longhurst by a man who was said at the time of his trial to have had "extreme pornography" in his possession at the time of the death. The law has been more widely used than originally predicted, raising concerns as to whether the legislation is being used for prosecutions beyond the scope originally envisaged by parliament.

Murder of Jane Longhurst
Jane Longhurst (6 November 1971 – 14 March 2003) was a British special-needs teacher and musician who was murdered by Graham Coutts on 14 March 2003. Longhurst's partly decomposed body was found burning in woodland in West Sussex on 19 April. Coutts, who was dating Longhurst's best friend, was a guitarist and part-time salesperson living in Brighton.

Coutts admitted to causing Longhurst's death. He claimed that Longhurst had died accidentally during consensual erotic asphyxiation, although the prosecution maintained that there was no evidence suggesting the two had been lovers. Coutts was convicted of murder on 3 February 2004, and sentenced to a life term serving a minimum of 30 years (reduced to 26 years on appeal on 26 January 2005). The conviction was quashed by the Court of Appeal on 19 July 2006, and a new trial started on 12 June 2007. He was again found guilty on 4 July 2007.
Blyton Group
Blyton Group is an Australian media and entertainment company. The company primarily operates in the radio industry under its subsidiary Capital Radio Network and owns hospitality, service and entertainment businesses in New South Wales.

Capital Radio Network
Capital Radio Network is an Australian radio company, which owns stations in Canberra, Goulburn, Cooma, the Snowy Mountains, Gippsland and Perth. The company is a subsidiary of Blyton Group, with Kevin James Blyton as managing director for both. The company first acquired 2XL in the Snowy Mountains, as well as 2CC and 2CA in Canberra – the latter two offloaded from parent companies Australian Radio Network and Austereo respectively in order for them to establish a joint-venture to own stations 104.7 and Mix 106.3.

In February 2015, Capital Radio Network acquired Gippsland-based 3GG.

With the exception of XLFM, Snow FM and 3GG, all stations are operated as a 50/50 joint-venture with Grant Broadcasters.
Sultan bin Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan
Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan (Arabic: ٱلشَّيْخ سُلْطَان بْن زَایِد بْن خَلِیْفَة آل نَهْيَان, romanized: Sulṭān bin Zāyid bin Ḵalīfa Āl Nahyān) was the ruler of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi from 1922 to 1926. Two of his sons, Shakbut and Zayed, ruled Abu Dhabi for seventy six years (from 1928 to 2004).

Sultan killed his brother Hamdan in 1922 to rule Abu Dhabi, but was himself toppled and killed by another brother, Saqr, in 1926.

Shakhbut bin Sultan Al Nahyan
Sheikh Shakhbut bin Sultan Al Nahyan (Arabic: شخبوط بن سلطان آل نهيان; 1 June 1905 – 11 February 1989) was the ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1928 to 1966. On 6 August 1966, Shakhbut was deposed by members of his family with assistance from Britain in a bloodless coup. His younger brother, Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan succeeded him as the ruler of Abu Dhabi.
Job Control Language
Job Control Language (JCL) is a programming language for scripting and launching  batch jobs on IBM mainframe computers. JCL code determines which programs to run, and with which files and devices for input and output. Parameters in the JCL can also provide accounting information for tracking the resources used by a job and can set which machine the job should run on.

There are two major variants based on host platform and associated lineage. One version is available on the platform lineage that starts with DOS/360 and has progressed to z/VSE. The other version starts with OS/360 and continues to z/OS which includes JES extensions, Job Entry Control Language (JECL). The variants share basic syntax and concepts but have significant differences. The VM operating system does not have JCL as such; the CP and CMS components each have command languages.

Generically, a job control language is any programming language for job control; not just the IBM mainframe one.

VSE (operating system)
VSEn (Virtual Storage Extended) is an operating system for IBM mainframe computers, the latest one in the DOS/360 lineage, which originated in 1965. It is less common than z/OS and is mostly used on smaller machines.

DOS/VSE was introduced in 1979 as a successor to DOS/VS; in turn, DOS/VSE was succeeded by VSE/SP version 1 in 1983, and VSE/SP version 2 in 1985. In the late 1980s, there was a widespread perception among VSE customers that IBM was planning to discontinue VSE and migrate its customers to MVS instead, although IBM relented and agreed to continue to produce new versions of VSE. In February 2005, IBM announced z/VSE as successor to VSE/ESA 2.7, which was named to reflect the new System z branding for IBM's mainframe product line. In June 2021, 21st Century Software Inc announced that it had licensed the z/VSE source code from IBM with the intention of developing new versions of the operating system. As part of this transfer, z/VSE was renamed to VSEn.
Grande Loge Nationale Française
The Grande Loge Nationale Française (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃d lɔʒ nɑsjɔnal fʁɑ̃sɛːz]; abbr. GLNF) is a French Masonic Grand Lodge. It was founded in 1913, by two lodges, "Le Centre des Amis" Lodge splitting from Grand Orient de France and "L'Anglaise" lodge, an independent lodge based in Bordeaux. GLNF is based on monotheism and the 1929 precepts of regularity issued by the United Grand Lodge of England.

The all-male Grande Loge traditionnelle et symbolique Opéra split from the GLNF in 1958, as did the National French Lodge in 1968, and more recently the Grand Prieuré des Gaules.

Grand Orient de France
The Grand Orient de France (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃t‿ɔʁjɑ̃ də fʁɑ̃s], abbr. GODF) is the oldest and largest of several Freemasonic organizations based in France and is the oldest in Continental Europe (as it was formed out of an older Grand Lodge of France in 1773, and briefly absorbed the rump of the older body in 1799, allowing it to date its foundation to 1728 or 1733). The Grand Orient de France is generally regarded as the "mother lodge" of Continental Freemasonry.
Antun Vrančić
Antun Vrančić or Antonio Veranzio (30 May 1504 – 15 June 1573; Lat. Antonius Vrancius, Wrancius, Verantius iWerantius, It. Antonio Veranzio, Hung. Verancsics Antal) was a Croatian prelate, writer, diplomat and Archbishop of Esztergom in the 16th century. Antun Vrančić was from the Dalmatian town of Šibenik (modern Croatia), then part of the Republic of Venice. Vrančić is also known under his Latinized name Antonius Verantius, while Hungarian documents since the 19th century refer to him as Verancsics Antal.

Archdiocese of Esztergom–Budapest
The Archdiocese of Esztergom–Budapest (Latin: Archidioecesis Strigoniensis–Budapestinensis; Hungarian: Esztergom-Budapesti főegyházmegye) is a Latin Church archdiocese and primatial seat of the Roman Catholic Church in Hungary and the metropolitan see of one of Hungary's four Latin Church ecclesiastical provinces.

The archdiocese's archbishop retains the title of "Primate", which gives this see precedence over all other Latin Hungarian dioceses, including the fellow Metropolitan Archbishops of Eger, Kalocsa–Kecskemét and Veszprém, but the incumbent may be individually (and temporarily) outranked if one of them holds a (higher) cardinalate. Its current Archbishop is Péter Erdő.