hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jana Burčeska
Jana Burčeska (Macedonian: Јана Бурческа, pronounced [ˈjana ˈburtʃɛska]; born 6 July 1993) is a Macedonian singer and TV presenter. She represented Macedonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 in Ukraine, with the song "Dance Alone". Burčeska first came to prominence in her native country in 2011 after competing in Macedonian Idol.

She started hosting shows on Macedonian Radio Television (MRT) from 2018, notably hosting shows and later working on MRT's coverage of UEFA Euro 2020 as well as the  Macedonian delegation for Eurovision Song Contest 2022.

Macedonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017
Macedonia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 with the song "Dance Alone" written by Borislav Milanov, Alex Omar, Joacim Persson and Florence A. The song was performed by Jana Burčeska, who was internally selected by the Macedonian broadcaster Macedonian Radio Television (MRT) to compete for Macedonia at the 2017 contest in Kyiv, Ukraine. Jana Burčeska's appointment as the Macedonian representative was announced on 21 November 2016, while her song, "Dance Alone", was presented to the public during the MRT programme Stisni Plej on 10 March 2017.

Macedonia was drawn to compete in the second semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 11 May 2017. Performing during the show in position 3, "Dance Alone" was not announced among the top 10 entries of the second semi-final and therefore did not qualify to compete in the final. It was later revealed that Macedonia placed fifteenth out of the 18 participating countries in the semi-final with 69 points.
Hans Nielsen Hauge
Hans Nielsen Hauge (3 April 1771 – 29 March 1824) was a 19th-century Norwegian Lutheran lay minister, spiritual leader, business entrepreneur, social reformer and author. He led a noted Pietism revival known as the Haugean movement. Hauge is also considered to have been influential in the early industrialization of Norway.

Haugean movement
The Haugean movement or Haugeanism (Norwegian: haugianere/haugianarar) was a Pietistic state church reform movement intended to bring new life and vitality into the Church of Norway, which had been often characterized by formalism and lethargy. The movement emphasized personal diligence, enterprise and frugality.
History of CP/CMS
This article covers the History of CP/CMS — the historical context in which the IBM time-sharing virtual machine operating system was built.

CP/CMS development occurred in a complex political and technical milieu.

Historical notes, below, provides supporting quotes and citations from first-hand observers.

VM (operating system)
VM, often written VM/CMS, is a family of virtual machine operating systems used on IBM mainframes including the System/370, System/390, IBM Z and compatible systems. It replaced the older CP-67 that formed the basis of the CP/CMS operating system. It was first released as the free Virtual Machine Facility/370 for the S/370 in 1972, followed by chargeable upgrades and versions that added support for new hardware.

VM creates virtual machines into which a conventional operating system may be loaded to allow user programs to run. Originally, that operating system was CMS, a simple single-user system similar to DOS. VM can also be used with a number of other IBM operating systems, including large systems like MVS or VSE, which are often run on their own without VM. In other cases, VM is used with a more specialized operating system or even programs that provided many OS features. These include RSCS and MUMPS, among others.
Washington Park (Chicago park)
Washington Park (formerly Western Division of South Park, also Park No. 21) is a 372-acre (1.5 km2) park between Cottage Grove Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive, (originally known as "Grand Boulevard") located at 5531 S. Martin Luther King Dr. in the Washington Park community area on the South Side of Chicago. It was named for President George Washington in 1880. Washington Park is the largest of four Chicago Park District parks named after persons surnamed Washington (the others are Dinah Washington Park, Harold Washington Park and Washington Square Park, Chicago).  Located in the park is the DuSable Museum of African American History.  This park was the proposed site of the Olympic Stadium and the Olympic swimming venue for Chicago's bid to host the 2016 Summer Olympics.  Washington Park was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 20, 2004.

DuSable Black History Museum
The DuSable Black History Museum and Education Center, formerly the DuSable Museum of African American History, is a museum in Chicago, Illinois, United States, dedicated to the study and conservation of African-American history, culture, and art.

It was named after Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. It was founded in 1961 by Margaret Taylor-Burroughs, her husband Charles Burroughs, Gerard Lew, Eugene Feldman, Bernard Goss, Marian M. Hadley, and others. They established the museum to celebrate black culture, at the time overlooked by most museums and academic establishments.  The museum has an affiliation with the Smithsonian Institution.
Milky Way (chocolate bar)
Milky Way is a brand of malt-flavored milk chocolate-covered confectionery snacks manufactured and marketed by Mars Inc. since 1923. Created by Frank Mars, it was his first chocolate bar product. There are two varieties of Milky Way: the original American bar made of nougat and caramel, which has been marketed as the Mars bar outside the United States; and the global Milky Way bar which has no caramel, and is marketed as 3 Musketeers in the U.S. and Canada.

Franklin Clarence Mars
Franklin Clarence Mars (/ˈmɑːrz/; September 24, 1883 – April 8, 1934) was an American business magnate who founded the food company Mars Inc., which mostly makes chocolate candy. Mars' son Forrest Mars developed M&M's and the Mars bar and founded the Ethel M Chocolate Factory.
Stowe Nine Churches
Stowe Nine Churches, also written as Stowe IX Churches, is a civil parish incorporating the settlements of Church Stowe and Upper Stowe in the West Northamptonshire district, in the ceremonial county of Northamptonshire, England. The population of the parish at the 2011 census was 259.

Upper Stowe
Upper Stowe is a village in West Northamptonshire in England. It is in the civil parish of Stowe Nine Churches. It has a church dedicated to St James. This was built to the design of P.C Hardwick in 1855. It has a bellcote rather than a tower.

The name 'Stowe' derives from Old English word for 'place'.
Theni district
Theni district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in India. Surrounded by hills, the district is located to the west of Madurai district. The town of Theni is the district headquarters. The district is divided into two natural divisions by the hills and is further subdivided into five Taluks: Theni, Bodinayakanur, Periyakulam, Uthamapalayam and Andipatti. The area is rich in natural features, with thick vegetation and perennial streams from the hills on the western side, and Cumbum Valley, which lies in Uthamapalayam taluk. As of 2011, Theni district had a population of 1,245,899.

Cumbum Valley
Cumbum Valley, also called Kambam Valley, is a valley in the Theni district of Tamil Nadu state in India near the Kerala state border. This is the most fertile valley in south India, The valley includes lands between Thekkadi Hills, Varusanadu Hills, and Kodaikanal Hills.

It is one of the few places in Tamil Nadu producing grapes. Cumbum valley produces about 90,000 tonnes of muscat grapes and 10,000 tonnes of Thomson seedless grapes every year.
Buzz Johnson
Norris Chrisleventon "Buzz" Johnson (2 November 1951 – 11 February 2014), generally known as Buzz Johnson, was a Tobago-born publisher and activist who in the 1970s relocated to England, UK. There he set up a small publishing company called Karia Press, based in east London, producing books relevant to community and race relations, and making available and better known the work of many key writers, including Claudia Jones, whom he is credited with having "rediscovered".

Johnson was involved with such organisations as Caribbean Labour Solidarity (CLS), Liberation and the Institute of Race Relations, and helped set up community support centres, such as the Claudia Jones Organisation, and supplementary schools. His other campaigning work included support for the anti-apartheid movement and for progressive politics in Grenada and Saint Vincent.

Claudia Jones
Claudia Vera Jones (née Cumberbatch; 21 February 1915 – 24 December 1964) was a Trinidad and Tobago-born journalist and activist. As a child, she migrated with her family to the United States, where she became a Communist political activist, feminist and Black nationalist, adopting the name Jones as "self-protective disinformation". Due to the political persecution of Communists in the US, she was deported in 1955 and subsequently lived in the United Kingdom. Upon arriving in the UK, she immediately joined the Communist Party of Great Britain and would remain a member for the rest of her life. In 1958, she founded Britain's first major Black newspaper, the West Indian Gazette (1958-1965), and from 1959 she organised a series of indoor Caribbean carnivals that have been cited as an influence on what became the Notting Hill Carnival, the second-largest annual carnival in the world.
Émile Guimet
Émile Étienne Guimet (French pronunciation: [emil ɡimɛ]; 2 June 1836 – 12 October 1918) was a French industrialist, traveler and connoisseur. An important collector of artefacts related to Oriental religions and Asian arts, Guimet is the founder of the Guimet Museum. Today, it houses one of the world’s most comprehensive collections of Asian art, which includes items from Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, Tibet, India, and Nepal, among other countries..

Guimet Museum
The Guimet Museum (full name in French: Musée national des arts asiatiques-Guimet, MNAAG; abbr. Musée Guimet, [myze ɡimɛ]) is a Parisian art museum with one of the largest and most comprehensive collections of Asian art outside of Asia which includes items from Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, Tibet, India, and Nepal, among other countries.

Founded in the late 19th century, it is located in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, at 6, Place d'Iéna. Its name literally translated into English is the National Museum of Asian Arts-Guimet, or Guimet National Museum of Asian Arts.
Pratt & Whitney Canada PW100
The Pratt & Whitney Canada PW100 aircraft engine family is a series of 1,800 to 5,000 shaft horsepower (1,300 to 3,700 kW) turboprops manufactured by Pratt & Whitney Canada. Pratt & Whitney Canada dominates the turboprop market with 89% of the turboprop regional airliner installed base in 2016, leading GE Aviation and Allison Engine Company.

Regional airliner
A regional airliner, commuter airliner or feeder liner is a small airliner that is designed to fly up to 100 passengers on short-haul flights, usually feeding larger carriers' airline hubs from small markets. This class of airliners is typically flown by the regional airlines that are either contracted by or subsidiaries of the larger airlines. Regional airliners are used for short trips between smaller towns or from a larger city to a smaller city. Feeder liner, commuter, and local service are all alternative terms for the same class of flight operations.
Bob Ehrlich
Robert Leroy Ehrlich Jr. (born November 25, 1957) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the 60th governor of Maryland from 2003 to 2007. A Republican, Ehrlich represented Maryland's 10th legislative district in the House of Delegates from 1987 to 1995 and Maryland's 2nd Congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1995 to 2003.

Ehrlich was the first Republican to serve as governor of Maryland since Spiro Agnew left office in 1969. He served one term before being defeated in his 2006 re-election bid by Democrat Martin O'Malley. In 2010, Ehrlich sought an unsuccessful rematch against O'Malley. Ehrlich then announced, via his website, that he would "return to private life." In October 2011, he was named chair of Mitt Romney's Maryland campaign for the 2012 Republican nomination for President.

2006 Maryland gubernatorial election
The 2006 Maryland gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 2006. Incumbent Republican governor Bob Ehrlich ran for a second term, but was defeated by the Democratic nominee, Baltimore Mayor Martin O'Malley. Ehrlich was the only incumbent governor to lose a general election in the 2006 midterms.
Antoinette Van Leer Polk
Antoinette Van Leer Polk de Charette, Baroness de La Contrie (October 27, 1847 – February 3, 1919)  was an American Southern belle in the Antebellum South and (by marriage) French aristocrat in the Gilded Age. She was born into the planter elite, the great-niece of the 11th President of the United States James K. Polk and a member of the influential Van Leer family through her mother. She was an heiress to plantations in Tennessee and a "Southern heroine" who warned Confederate soldiers of advancing Union troops during the American Civil War. After the war, she moved to Europe, where she took to foxhunting in the Roman Campagna of Italy and the English countryside, and later became a baroness and socialite in Paris and Brittany.

Van Leer family
The Van Leer family, originally spelled Von Lohr, is an influential German–American family that emigrated to the Province of Pennsylvania in the 17th century from the Electorate of Hesse near Isenberg, Germany. The family made their fortune in the United States through the ironworks business. The  family includes American business owners, academics, civil rights activists, women's rights activists, university founders, inventors, politicians, and military officers. Earlier spellings include Von Leer, Von Lohr, and the ancient surname Valär.
77th Oregon Legislative Assembly
The 77th Oregon Legislative Assembly convened beginning on January 14, 2013, for the first of its two regular sessions, and on February 3, 2014 for its second session. All of the 60 seats in the House of Representatives and 16 of the 30 seats in the State Senate were up for election in 2012; the general election for those seats took place on November 6, 2012.

The Democratic Party of Oregon retained its 16–14 majority in the Senate, and took a 34–26 majority in the House, which in the previous session had been split evenly with the Oregon Republican Party.

2012 Oregon legislative election
The 2012 elections for the Oregon Legislative Assembly determined the composition of both houses for the 77th Oregon Legislative Assembly. The Republican and Democratic primary elections were on May 15, 2012, and the general election was on November 6, 2012. Sixteen of the Oregon State Senate's 30 seats were up for election, as were all 60 seats of the Oregon House of Representatives.

In the Senate, the Democrats kept a 16–14 majority, identical to their advantage in the previous legislative session. In the House, Democrats took a 34–26 majority, up from a 30–30 split in the previous session.
Gary Chapman (author)
Gary Demonte Chapman (born January 10, 1938) is an American author, radio talk show host, and Baptist minister. Chapman is most noted for his The Five Love Languages series regarding human relationships.

The Five Love Languages
The Five Love Languages: How to Express Heartfelt Commitment to Your Mate is a 1992 nonfiction book by Baptist pastor Gary Chapman. It outlines five general ways that romantic partners express and experience love, which Chapman calls "love languages". Empirical evidence does not strongly support its core claims.
Alpkarakush
Alpkarakush is an extinct genus of metriacanthosaurid theropod dinosaurs from the Jurassic Balabansai Formation of Kyrgyzstan. The genus contains a single species, A. kyrgyzicus, known from a partial skeleton.

Metriacanthosauridae
Metriacanthosauridae (Greek for "moderately-spined lizards") is an extinct family of allosauroid theropod dinosaurs that lived in Europe and Asia from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. The family is split into two subgroups: Metriacanthosaurinae, which includes dinosaurs closely related to Metriacanthosaurus, and another group composed of the close relatives of Yangchuanosaurus. Metriacanthosaurids are considered carnosaurs, belonging to the Allosauroidea superfamily. The group includes species of large range in body size. Of their physical traits, most notable are their neural spines. The records of the group are mostly confined to Asia, though Metriacanthosaurus is known from Europe. Metriacanthosauridae is used as a senior synonym of Sinraptoridae.
Mala Remeta Monastery
The Mala Remeta Monastery  (Serbian: Манастир Мала Ремета, romanized: Manastir Mala Remeta) is a Serb Orthodox monastery on the Fruška Gora mountain in the northern Serbia, in the province of Vojvodina. Its foundation is traditionally ascribed to the Serbian King Dragutin (1276–1282). The earliest historical records relating to the monastery date back to the middle of the 16th century.
At the end of the 17th century, Turks had already destroyed it, so when Rača was torn down, the refugee monks came to their appendage Mala Remeta and reconstructed it. The appearance of the earlier church is not known, and the extant one was erected on the same site in 1739. The throne icons on the altar screen were painted by Janko Halkozović in 1759, and the wall paintings are a 1910 work of Kosta Vanđelović.

Mala Remeta Monastery was declared Monument of Culture of Exceptional Importance in 1990, and it is protected by Republic of Serbia.

Fruška Gora
Fruška gora (Serbian Cyrillic: Фрушка гора) is a mountain in Syrmia, with most of the mountain being part of Serbia and its westernmost edge extending into eastern Croatia. The Serbian part of the mountain forms the country's oldest national park. Sometimes also referred to as the Jewel of Serbia, due to its largely pristine landscape and protection effort, or the Serbian Mount Athos, being the home of a large number of historical Serbian Orthodox monasteries.
William II of Württemberg
William II (German: Wilhelm Karl Paul Heinrich Friedrich; 25 February 1848 – 2 October 1921) was the last King of Württemberg. He ruled from 6 October 1891 until the dissolution of the kingdom on 30 November 1918. He was the last German ruler to abdicate in the wake of the November Revolution of 1918.

Kingdom of Württemberg
The Kingdom of Württemberg (German: Königreich Württemberg [ˌkøːnɪkʁaɪç ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk]) was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918, located within the area that later became Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Electorate of Württemberg, which existed from 1803 to 1806.
Fast (video game series)
Fast (often stylized in uppercase) is a series of racing video games developed and published by German game developer Shin'en Multimedia. Released exclusively for Nintendo platforms, the series consists of four games, all following the same racing and phase-shifting formula: Fast Racing League, Fast Racing Neo, Fast RMX, and Fast Fusion.

The series has been compared to F-Zero and Wipeout.

Fast Racing Neo
Fast Racing Neo (stylized as FAST Racing NEO) is a racing video game developed by Shin'en Multimedia and released worldwide for the Wii U in December 2015 via the Nintendo eShop, with a retail release in September 2016 in Europe and Australia only. It is the second entry in the Fast series, being the sequel to Fast Racing League. It is often compared to Nintendo's F-Zero franchise.

Fast Racing Neo received generally positive reviews from critics. A sequel, Fast RMX, was released on the Nintendo Switch on 3 March 2017 as a launch title for the system.
Paolo Marcellini
Paolo Marcellini  (born 25 June 1947 in Fabriano) is an Italian mathematician who deals with mathematical analysis. He was a full professor at the University of Florence,as of now he is a "Professor Emeritus", working on partial differential equations, calculus of variations and related mathematics. He was the Director of the Italian National Group GNAMPA of the  Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica (INdAM) and Dean of the Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of the University of Florence.

Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica Francesco Severi
The Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica Francesco Severi, abbreviated as INdAM, is a government created non-profit research institution whose main purpose is to promote research in the field of mathematics and its applications and the diffusion of higher mathematical education in Italy.

Its founder and first president, later nominated life president, was Francesco Severi, who exerted also a major influence on the creation of the institute.
Saterland
Saterland (German pronunciation: [ˈzaːtɐˌlant]; Saterland Frisian: Seelterlound, pronounced [ˈseːltɐˌloːunt]) is a municipality in the district of Cloppenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated between the cities of Leer, Cloppenburg, and Oldenburg. It is home to Saterland Frisians, who speak Frisian in addition to German and Low German.

The municipality of Saterland was formed in 1974, when the smaller municipalities Strücklingen (Strukelje in Saterland Frisian), Ramsloh (Roomelse), Sedelsberg (Seeidelsbierich) and Scharrel (Schäddel) were merged.

Saterland Frisian language
Saterland Frisian, also known as Sater Frisian, Saterfrisian or Saterlandic (Seeltersk [ˈseːltɐsk]), spoken in the Saterland municipality of Lower Saxony in Germany, is the last living dialect of the East Frisian language. It is closely related to the other Frisian languages: North Frisian, spoken in Germany as well, and West Frisian, spoken in the Dutch province of Friesland.
Expenditure minimization problem
In microeconomics, the expenditure minimization problem is the dual of the utility maximization problem: "how much money do I need to reach a certain level of happiness?".  This question comes in two parts.  Given a consumer's utility function, prices, and a utility target,

how much money would the consumer need?  This is answered by the expenditure function.

what could the consumer buy to meet this utility target while minimizing expenditure?  This is answered by the Hicksian demand function.

Utility maximization problem
In microeconomic theory, the utility maximization problem formalizes how a consumer allocates limited resources across different goods and services. The consumer is assumed to have well-defined preferences over all feasible bundles of goods and to be able to rank these bundles according to the level of utility they provide. Given a budget constraint determined by income and prices, the consumer chooses the most preferred bundle that is affordable. The utility maximization problem yields a systematic analysis of consumer demand and how it changes in response to changes in income or prices.
Deep River, Connecticut
Deep River is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population was 4,415 at the 2020 census. The town center is designated by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP). Deep River is part of what the locals call the "Tri-town Area", made up of the towns of Deep River, Chester, and Essex.

Deep River Center, Connecticut
Deep River Center is a census-designated place (CDP) comprising the primary village in the town of Deep River, Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. It is in the east-central part of the town, bordered to the north by the town of Chester, to the south by the town of Essex, to the east by Pratt Cove, and to the northeast by the Connecticut River. As of the 2020 census, Deep River Center had a population of 2,765, out of 4,415 in the entire town of Deep River.