hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Viscount D'Abernon
Viscount D'Abernon, of Esher and of Stoke d'Abernon in the County of Surrey, was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 20 February 1926 for the politician, diplomat and writer Edgar Vincent, 1st Baron D'Abernon who had been created Baron D'Abernon, of Esher in the County of Surrey, on 2 July 1914. In 1936 he succeeded his elder brother as sixteenth Baronet, of Stoke d'Abernon. All three titles became extinct on his death in 1941.

The Vincent Baronetcy, of Stoke d'Abernon in the County of Surrey, was created in the Baronetage of England on 26 July 1620 for Francis Vincent.

Edgar Vincent, 1st Viscount D'Abernon
Edgar Vincent, 1st Viscount D'Abernon, GCB, GCMG, PC, FRS (19 August 1857 – 1 November 1941) was a British politician, diplomat, art collector and author. He played an important role in the negotiations behind the 1925 Locarno Pact between Germany and its neighbours.
Andrew O. Apple
Andrew O. Apple (January 30, 1845 – June 7, 1890) was a United States soldier and native of Pennsylvania who fought with the Union Army as a member of the 12th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War. He was recognized with his nation's highest award for valor, the Medal of Honor, for "conspicuous gallantry as color bearer in the assault on Fort Gregg" during the Third Battle of Petersburg, Virginia, on April 2, 1865. The award was conferred on May 12 of that same year.

12th West Virginia Infantry Regiment
The 12th West Virginia Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment was particularly distinguished for its successful attack on Fort Gregg during the 1864 to 1865 Siege of Petersburg, receiving a golden eagle for its flagstaff as a token of appreciation from corps commander John Gibbon.
Slang
Slang is a vocabulary (words, phrases, and linguistic usages) of an informal register, common in everyday conversation but avoided in formal writing and speech. It also often refers to the language exclusively used by the members of particular in-groups in order to establish group identity, exclude outsiders, or both. The word itself came about in the 18th century and has been defined in multiple ways since its conception, with no single technical usage in linguistics.

Cant (language)
A cant is the jargon or language of a group, often employed to exclude or mislead people outside the group. It may also be called a cryptolect, argot, pseudo-language, anti-language or secret language. Each term differs slightly in meaning; their uses are inconsistent.
FS1 (Austrian TV channel)
FS1 (or FS1 - Community TV Salzburg) is a non-commercial community television channel in Salzburg (Austria). Next to the Community TV okto in Vienna and dorf in Linz, it is the third non-commercial broadcaster with a 24-hour full (as opposed to specialized) program in Austria.

Since the launch on 16 February 2012, the channel has been broadcasting via DVB-C in many areas of the state of Salzburg. Over IPTV, the station is available nationwide.

Alliance of Community Television Austria
The Alliance of Community Television Austria (German: Verband Community Fernsehen Österreich or VCFÖ) is the alliance and lobbying group of non-commercial community television stations in Austria. The VCFÖ was established in 2010 as an association and has three members. The acceptance of the "Charta Community Television Austria" is mandatory for the membership.

The VCFÖ is affiliated to the Alliance Community Radio Austria, the Community Media Forum Europe and the World Association of Community Radio Broadcasters.
Randi Rhodes
Randi Joyce Robertson (née Bueten; born January 28, 1958), better known by her air name Randi Rhodes, is an American progressive political commentator, activist and talk radio host. The Randi Rhodes Show is live streamed having been previously broadcast nationally on Air America Radio, Nova M Radio, and Premiere Radio Networks.

The Randi Rhodes Show
The Randi Rhodes Show was a talk radio show hosted by Randi Rhodes. The show combined her progressive political commentary with listener participation and live interviews.  It was originally broadcast on Air America Radio, Nova M Radio, and Premiere Networks. The show ended with Premiere on May 16, 2014. The show returned on Monday, June 6, 2016 to April 23, 2025 as a podcast through her website and on Free Speech TV.
Thomas Tallis
Thomas Tallis (/ˈtælɪs/; also Tallys or Talles; c. 1505 – 23 November 1585) was an English composer of High Renaissance music. His compositions are primarily vocal, and he occupies a primary place in anthologies of English choral music. Tallis is considered one of England's greatest composers, and is honoured for his original voice in English musicianship.

Robert Fayrfax
Robert Fayrfax (23 April 1464 – 24 October 1521) was an English Renaissance composer, considered the most prominent and influential of the reigns of Kings Henry VII and Henry VIII of England. He represents the third stage of the development of the English votive style in the Eton Choirbook and the Caius Choirbook.
Helmingham Hall Hoard
The Helmingham Hall hoard is a Roman British coin hoard found near the grounds of Helmingham Hall around Helmingham and Stowmarket, Suffolk, dating at latest to the reign of Claudius, during the Roman conquest of Britain in the year 47 AD.

Discovered in 8 September 2019, with subsequent finds in 2020-2021, the hoard consist of 748 gold and silver denarii, a blend of Iron Age, Roman Republic, Triumvirate, and Roman Imperial currency, the largest of its time, ranging from the reign of Cunobeline to Claudius.

The hoard is documented in the Portable Antiquities Scheme as designated Treasure under the Case Numbers 2019T794 and 2020T915.

Helmingham Hall
Helmingham Hall is a moated manor house in Helmingham, Suffolk, England. It was begun by John Tollemache in 1480 and has been owned by the Tollemache family ever since. The house is built around a courtyard in typical late medieval/Tudor style. The house is listed Grade I on the National Heritage List for England, and its park and formal gardens are also Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.
RAF Manston
Royal Air Force Manston or more simply RAF Manston is a former Royal Air Force station located in the north-east of Kent, at grid reference TR334663 on the Isle of Thanet from 1916 until 1996.  The site was split between a commercial airport Kent International Airport (KIA), since closed, and a continuing military use by the Defence Fire Training and Development Centre (DFTDC), following on from a long-standing training facility for RAF firefighters at the RAF Manston base.

Defence Fire Training and Development Centre
The Defence Fire Training and Development Centre (DFTDC, formerly FSCTE Manston) was the site of the Ministry of Defence's firefighter training. It occupied part of a former Royal Air Force base near the village of Manston in the southeast corner of England. The remainder of the former RAF Manston was part of Kent International Airport, a civilian airfield, until the site was closed on the 15 May 2014. Since 2022, the site is now used for the Manston arrivals and processing centre.
Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg
Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg (1150 – 22 February 1217), also called Yehuda HeHasid or Judah the Pious in Hebrew, was a leader of the Ashkenazi Hasidim a movement of Jewish mysticism in Germany (not to be confused with the 18th-century Hasidic Judaism founded by the Baal Shem Tov).

Judah was born in 1150 in the small town of Speyer, now in the Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, but later settled in Regensburg, now in Bavaria, in 1195. He wrote much of Sefer Hasidim ("Book of the Pious"), as well as a work about Gematria and Sefer Hakavod (Book of Glory); the latter has been lost and is only known by quotations that other authors have made from it. His most prominent students were Elazar Rokeach, Isaac ben Moses of Vienna author of Or Zarua and perhaps also Moses ben Jacob of Coucy according to Chaim Yosef David Azulai.

Moses ben Jacob of Coucy
Rabbi Moses ben Jacob of Coucy, also known as Moses Mikkotsi (Hebrew: משה בן יעקב מקוצי; Latin: Moses Kotsensis), was a French Tosafist and authority on Halakha (Jewish law). He is best known as the author of one of the earliest codifications of Halakha, the Sefer Mitzvot Gadol.
Martin Goldsmith (screenwriter)
Martin M. Goldsmith (November 6, 1913 – May 24, 1994) was an American screenwriter and novelist who wrote several classic B-movies including Detour (1945), which he adapted from his 1939 novel of the same name; Blind Spot (1947); and The Narrow Margin (1952), for which he earned an Academy Award nomination.

Goldsmith, at one time the brother-in-law of actor Anthony Quinn, also contributed some stories to The Twilight Zone in 1964.

Detour (Goldsmith novel)
Detour is a 1939 novel by Martin M. Goldsmith. The author adapted his novel into the noted 1945 film noir of the same name.

The book, subtitled An Extraordinary Tale, was published by the Macaulay Company. Its plot is similar to the movie to which it was later adapted, except that the main character's name was changed from "Alexander Roth" to "Al Roberts," the narrative alternates between the perspective of Roth and Sue Harvey, and erotic passages were removed.

The novel ends with much the same fatalistic line used in the movie: "God or Fate or some mysterious force can put the finger on you or on me for no good reason at all." In the film version of the novel, the reference to God is removed.
John 8
John 8 is the eighth chapter in the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It continues the account of Jesus' debate with the Pharisees after the Feast of Tabernacles, which began in the previous chapter.

Verses 1-11, along with John 7:53, form a pericope which is missing from some ancient Greek manuscripts. In verse 12, Jesus describes himself as "the light of the world" and verse 32 contains the well-known teaching "ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free". In verses 56–58, Jesus claims to have existed before Abraham: "Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am."

The truth will set you free
"The truth will set you free" (Latin: Vēritās līberābit vōs (biblical) or Vēritās vōs līberābit (common), Greek: ἡ ἀλήθεια ἐλευθερώσει ὑμᾶς, transl. hē alḗtheia eleutherṓsei hūmâs) is a statement found in John 8:32—"And ye shall know the truth and the truth shall make you free" (KJV)—in which Jesus Christ addressed a group of Jews who believed he was the messiah.
Kennedy (commentator)
Lisa Kennedy Montgomery (born September 8, 1972), referred to mononymously as Kennedy, is an American libertarian political commentator, radio personality, author, and former MTV VJ. She is a commentator on Fox News Channel, a primary guest host of Fox's Outnumbered and The Five, host of the podcast Kennedy Saves The World on Fox News Radio and a columnist for The Daily Mail. Kennedy was the host of MTV's now-defunct daily late-night alternative-rock program Alternative Nation throughout much of the 1990s. She hosted Kennedy on the Fox Business Network from 2015 to 2023.

Fox Business
Fox Business (officially known as Fox Business Network, or FBN) is an American business news channel and website publication owned by the Fox News Media division of Fox Corporation. The channel broadcasts primarily from studios at 1211 Avenue of the Americas in Midtown Manhattan. Launched on October 15, 2007, the network features trading day coverage and a nightly lineup of opinion-based talk shows.

Day-to-day operations are run by Kevin Magee, executive vice president of Fox News; Neil Cavuto was the vice president and managing editor for the network and business news operation overall.

As of February 2015, Fox Business Network is available to approximately 74,224,000 pay television households (63.8% of households with television) in the United States.
Queen Victoria Village
QV Melbourne or just QV, is a precinct in the Melbourne CBD, Victoria, Australia. Covering the city block bounded by Lonsdale, Little Lonsdale, Swanston, and Russell Streets, and located next to the State Library of Victoria, QV comprises a large shopping centre, a central plaza, an underground food court, Melbourne city's first full-size supermarket and apartment buildings.

QV takes its name from the Queen Victoria Hospital, Melbourne, which formerly occupied the site.

Russell Street, Melbourne
Russell Street is a main street and thoroughfare in the Melbourne central business district, Victoria, Australia. It runs roughly north-south and was laid out as a core feature of the Hoddle Grid in 1837.

Russell Street is named after John Russell, British Home Secretary and leader of the House of Commons in Lord Melbourne's cabinet. Russell himself was also a future Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
Regime theory
Regime theory is a theory within international relations derived from the liberal tradition which argues that international institutions or regimes affect the behavior of states or other international actors.  It assumes that cooperation is possible in the anarchic system of states, as regimes are, by definition, instances of international cooperation.

Stephen D. Krasner was a key figure in establishing the theory as a prominent topic of study in IR, in part through the 1983 edited collection International Regimes. Robert Keohane's 1984 book After Hegemony has been described as regime theory's "fullest expression."

Stephen D. Krasner
Stephen David Krasner (born February 15, 1942) is an American political scientist and former diplomat. Krasner has been a professor of international relations at Stanford University since 1981, and served as the Director of Policy Planning from 2005 to April 2007 while on leave from Stanford.

A realist, he is known for his contributions to the fields of international relations and international political economy.
Harriet Lee (singer)
Harriet Lee was an American radio singer during the Golden Age of Radio in the  1920s–1930s. She was best known as a blues contralto on the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) and, later, NBC Radio Networks. Called the "Songbird of the Air", she was named Miss Radio 1931 based on nationwide submittals from radio stations, judged by Flo Ziegfeld and McClelland Barclay, to select the "most beautiful radio artist" for the Radio World's Fair in New York City. Lee was one of the highest paid radio stars that year. She hosted the Harriet Lee show on experimental New York City station W2XAB (now WCBS-TV) in 1931, making her one of the first singers to have a show on U.S. television.

After her radio appearances ended in the mid-1930s, Lee was a voice coach working with various film stars for major Hollywood studios. Between the 1930s–1960s, she gave singing lessons to Dorothy Lamour, Ava Gardner,  Esther Williams, Rhonda Fleming, Ginger Rogers, and Janet Leigh, among others.

WCBS-TV
WCBS-TV (channel 2), branded CBS New York, is a television station in New York City. It is the flagship station of the CBS television network, owned and operated through its CBS News and Stations division. Under common ownership with Riverhead, New York–licensed independent station WLNY-TV (channel 55), the two stations share studios within the CBS Broadcast Center on West 57th Street in Midtown Manhattan; WCBS-TV's transmitter is located at One World Trade Center.
Derek Chisora
Derek Chisora (born 29 December 1983) is a British professional boxer. He has challenged twice for the WBC heavyweight title in 2012 and 2022. At regional level, he has held multiple heavyweight championships, including the British and Commonwealth titles from 2010 to 2011, and the European title from 2013 to 2014. As an amateur, he won the ABA super-heavyweight title in 2006. He holds a notable win over future world heavyweight champion Kubrat Pulev.

As of January 2024, Chisora is ranked as the world's tenth-best active heavyweight by BoxRec. He has been ranked by BoxRec as among the world's top 10 heavyweights since 2013, reaching his highest ranking at No. 5 in 2013 and 2020. Chisora's knockout-to-win percentage stands at 65%.

Kubrat Pulev
Kubrat Venkov Pulev (Bulgarian: Кубрат Венков Пулев; born 4 May 1981) is a Bulgarian professional boxer. He held the World Boxing Association (WBA) heavyweight title (Regular version) from 2024 to 2025. At regional level, he has held multiple heavyweight championships, including the European title twice between 2012 and 2016. As an amateur, he won a gold and silver medal at the 2004 and 2005 European Union Championships; bronze at the 2005 World Championships; and bronze and gold at the 2006 and 2008 European Championships. He also represented Bulgaria at the 2008 Olympics.
Jane Aceng
Jane Ruth Aceng (born 11 May 1968) is a Ugandan pediatrician and politician. She is the Minister of Health in the Cabinet of Uganda. She was appointed to that position on 6 June 2016. Before that, from June 2011 until June 2016, she served as the Director General of Medical Services in the Ugandan Ministry of Health.

Ministry of Health (Uganda)
The Ministry of Health is a cabinet-level government ministry of Uganda. It is responsible for planning, delivering, and maintaining an efficient and effective healthcare delivery system, including preventive, curative, and rehabilitative services, in a humane, affordable, and sustainable manner. The ministry is headed by Minister of Health Jane Aceng.
Towner County, North Dakota
Towner County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population is 2,162, and was estimated to be 2,051 in 2024. The county seat and largest city is Cando. It is south of the Canada–US border with Manitoba.

Rolette County, North Dakota
Rolette County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,187, and was estimated to be 11,692 in 2024. The county seat is Rolla and the largest community is Belcourt.
End Times (album)
End Times is the eighth studio album by American rock band Eels released on January 19, 2010. End Times is the second in a trilogy of concept albums covering lust, loss and redemption starting with 2009's Hombre Lobo, which covered lust, and finishing with Tomorrow Morning, which covered redemption and released later in 2010. The album was self-produced by frontman Mark Oliver Everett and includes songs about divorce. The cover was designed by American cartoonist Adrian Tomine.

Mark Oliver Everett
Mark Oliver Everett, also known by his stage name E (born April 10, 1963) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and the frontman of the rock band Eels. He is known for writing songs tackling subjects such as death, loneliness, divorce, childhood innocence, depression, and unrequited love, often from personal experience.
Bayagán River
Río Bayagán is a river in the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico. Bayagán is a tributary of Cerrillos River. It has a length of approximately six kilometers and runs in a southerly direction, mostly along PR-505. It originates in barrio Montes Llanos and runs south through barrio Machuelo Arriba for about nine kilometers until it meets Río Cerrillos. It is part of the Bucaná River watershed. This river is one of the 14 rivers in the municipality.

Machuelo Arriba
Machuelo Arriba is one of the 31 barrios of the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico.  Along with the barrios of Magueyes, Tibes, Portugués, Montes Llanos, Maragüez, and Cerrillos, Machuelo Arriba is one of the municipality's seven rural interior barrios. It was established in 1831.
Subedar Joginder Singh (film)
Subedar Joginder Singh is a 2018 Indian Punjabi-language biographical war film based on the life of Joginder Singh, an Indian soldier who fought in the 1962 Sino-Indian War and was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra. It is produced by Saga Music and is set to release by 6 April 2018. The film stars Gippy Grewal and Aditi Sharma and is directed by Simerjit Singh who belongs to the same region of Moga where Joginder Singh was born. This movie was a high budget film. The film is authentic to that in the era of 1962.

The movie was shot in Suratgarh or Rajasthan which is nearly 100 km from the Indo-Pakistan border, to give a look of the pre-independence village of Punjab. The additional shooting of the movie took place in October 2017 at the Dras sector in Jammu and Kashmir to give real life experience of the Tawang valley during the 1962 war.

Joginder Singh (soldier)
Subedar Joginder Singh, PVC (26 September 1921 – 23 October 1962), was an Indian soldier and posthumous recipient of India's highest military award, the Param Vir Chakra. Singh joined the British Indian Army in 1936 and served in the 1st battalion of the Sikh Regiment. During the 1962 Sino-Indian War, he was commanding a platoon at the Bum La Pass in the North-East Frontier Agency. Though heavily outnumbered, he bravely led his troops against a Chinese assault and defended his post until he was wounded and captured. Singh died from his injuries while in Chinese custody.
Paul Arizin
Paul Joseph Arizin (April 9, 1928 – December 12, 2006), nicknamed "'Pitchin Paul", was an American basketball player who spent his entire National Basketball Association (NBA) career with the Philadelphia Warriors from 1950 to 1962. He retired with the third highest career point total (16,266) in NBA history, and was named to the NBA's 25th, 50th and 75th anniversary teams. He was a high-scoring forward at Villanova University before being drafted by the Warriors of the fledgling NBA.

NBA 25th Anniversary Team
The NBA 25th Anniversary Team was chosen on December 11, 1971, to honor the 25th anniversary of the founding  of the National Basketball Association (NBA) as the Basketball Association of America (BAA) in 1946. It was the first anniversary team in the NBA. This team was meant to be an All-NBA Team for that period. Up until that time, All-NBA Teams only consisted of  2 teams (First and Second), so this Team also only consists of 2 teams/10 players (4 forwards, 2 centers, and 4 guards). The selections were restricted to retired players.
William Preston (Freemason)
William Preston (7 August 1742 – 1 April 1818) was a Scottish author, editor and lecturer, born in Edinburgh. After attending school and college he became secretary to the linguist Thomas Ruddiman, who became his guardian on the death of his father. On the death of Thomas, Preston became a printer for Walter Ruddiman, Thomas' brother. In 1760 he moved to London and started a distinguished career with the printer William Strahan.

He became a Freemason, instituting a system of lectures of instruction, and publishing Illustrations of Masonry, which ran to several editions. It was under Preston that the Lodge of Antiquity seceded from the Moderns Grand Lodge to become "The Grand Lodge of All England South of the River Trent" for ten years. He died on 1 April 1818, after a long illness, and was buried in St Paul's Cathedral.

Premier Grand Lodge of England
The organisation now known as the Premier Grand Lodge of England was founded on 24 June 1717 as the Grand Lodge of London and Westminster. Originally concerned with the practice of Freemasonry in London and Westminster, it soon became known as the Grand Lodge of England. Because it was the first Masonic Grand Lodge to be created, modern convention now calls it the Premier Grand Lodge of England in order to distinguish it from the Most Ancient and Honourable Society of Free and Accepted Masons according to the Old Constitutions, usually referred to as the Ancient Grand Lodge of England, and the Grand Lodge of All England Meeting at York. It existed until 1813, when it united with the Ancient Grand Lodge of England to create the United Grand Lodge of England.

The basic principles of the Grand Lodge of England were inspired by the ideal of tolerance and universal understanding of the Enlightenment and by the Scientific Revolution of the 17th century.