hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biba Model
The Biba Model or Biba Integrity Model developed by Kenneth J. Biba in 1977, is a formal state transition system of computer security policy describing a set of access control rules designed to ensure data integrity.  Data and subjects are grouped into ordered levels of integrity.  The model is designed so that subjects may not corrupt data in a level ranked higher than the subject, or be corrupted by data from a lower level than the subject.

In general the model was developed to address integrity as the core principle, which is the direct inverse of the Bell–LaPadula model which focuses on confidentiality.: 35

Bell–LaPadula model
The Bell–LaPadula model (BLP) is a state-machine model used for enforcing access control in government and military applications. It was developed by David Elliott Bell, and Leonard J. LaPadula, subsequent to strong guidance from Roger R. Schell, to formalize the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) multilevel security (MLS) policy. The model is a formal state transition model of computer security policy that describes a set of access control rules which use security labels on objects and clearances for subjects. Security labels range from the most sensitive (e.g., "Top Secret"), down to the least sensitive (e.g., "Unclassified" or "Public").
*Fraujaz
*Fraujaz or *Frauwaz (Old High German frô for earlier frôjo, frouwo, Old Saxon frao, frōio, Gothic frauja, Old English frēa, Old Norse freyr), feminine *Frawjōn (OHG frouwa, Old Saxon frūa, Old English frōwe, Goth. *fraujō, Old Norse freyja) is a Common Germanic honorific meaning "lord", "lady", especially of deities.

The epithet came to be used as a proper name of two separate deities in Norse mythology, Freyr and Freyja.

*Frijjō
*Frijjō ("Frigg-Frija") is the reconstructed name or epithet of a hypothetical Common Germanic love goddess, the most prominent female member of the *Ansiwiz (gods), and often identified as the spouse of the chief god, *Wōdanaz (Woden-Odin).
Smolensk War
The Smolensk War (1632–1634) was fought between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Muscovy.

Hostilities began in October 1632 when Muscovite forces tried to capture the city of Smolensk. Small military engagements produced mixed results for both sides, but the surrender of the main Muscovite force in February 1634 led to the Treaty of Polyanovka. Russia accepted Polish–Lithuanian control over the Smolensk region, which lasted for another 20 years.

Polish–Ottoman War (1633–1634)
The Polish–Ottoman War of 1633–1634 was one of the many military conflicts between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland together with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) and the Ottoman Empire and its vassals.
Zobeda Khanum
Zobeda Khanum (5 March 1920 – 26 January 1989) was an educationist and litterateur of Bangladesh. She was the first director and chairperson of Bangladesh Shishu Academy. She was also vice chairperson and chairperson of Bangladesh Mahila Samity.

Bangladesh Shishu Academy
Bangladesh Shishu Academy (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ শিশু একাডেমি) is the national academy for children in Bangladesh. It was established in 1976 by Ziaur Rahman for promoting cultural development of children, and nurturing their talents.

On 8 August 2024, after the fall of Sheikh Hasina, the main building along with the sculpture Duronto was burnt by vandalists.
Sam Sallon
Sam Sallon (born 6 January 1980) is an English musician, singer and songwriter. Born in London and raised in Manchester, he is the fourth child of eight.
His first release Kathy's Song EP was released on Indigo-Octagon in January 2013, followed by the debut album One for the Road in September that year. In April 2014 Sallon picked up three awards at the Exposure Music Awards in London including Best Act Overall. In June 2014 he won an international Independent Music Award in the best Folk/Singer-songwriter category for his song "You Are Home".
He has performed solo at the Royal Albert Hall opening for Pete Doherty, the Royal Festival Hall opening for Lyle Lovett and the Queen Elizabeth Hall opening for the Neil Cowley Trio. Other notable support slots have been with Lucy Rose, Johnny Flynn, Rodrigo y Gabriela, Nick Harper and Nouvelle Vague.

Neil Cowley
Neil Cowley (born 5 November 1972) is an English contemporary pianist and composer. He has also released music as part of Fragile State, the Green Nuns of the Revolution, and the Neil Cowley Trio. With his trio, he appeared on Later... with Jools Holland in April 2008 and won the 2007 BBC Jazz Award for best album for Displaced. In 2018, Cowley announced he was working on a new electronic focused solo project. In 2020, Cowley announced his debut solo album, Hall of Mirrors.
David and Mary Thomson Collegiate Institute
David and Mary Thomson Collegiate Institute (sometimes called David and Mary Thomson, DMT, DMTCI, Thomson CI or Thomson)  is a semestered English-language high school in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Located in the Bendale neighbourhood of the district of Scarborough. It was originally sanctioned by the Scarborough Board of Education and since 1998 under its successor board, the Toronto District School Board.

From 1959–60 until the 2018–19 school year, Thomson was housed in the Lawrence Avenue East building constructed in 1958 and the new school building was built in the former Bendale Business and Technical Institute property in 2019. The school was named after David and Mary Thomson, the first European settlers who immigrated to Scarborough in the late 18th century. Its motto is Nil Sine Magno Labore ("Nothing worthwhile is accomplished without hard work").

Scarborough Board of Education
The Scarborough Board of Education (SBE, commonly known as School District 16), formally the Board of Education for the City of Scarborough was the public-secular school district serving Scarborough, Ontario, Canada. The board was founded in 1954 through a merger of the Scarborough Collegiate and Township School Boards.

As of 1996, the SBE had served over 81,000 students and 8,300 employed staff. It was the largest school board in the former Metro Toronto.

In 1998, the SBE was merged into the Toronto District School Board. The former SBE offices in Borough Drive. remain in use today by the TDSB as the East Education Office.
Despite the Falling Snow
Despite the Falling Snow is a 2004 book by Shamim Sarif. It was first published on May 4, 2004 through Headline Book Publishing and is set during two different time periods. One part of the story is set in 1950s Moscow, Russia during the Cold War years, while the other follows the story of 1992 Moscow and London in the period after the collapse of USSR.

Critical reception for the novel was mostly positive, with The Bulletin praising it as a "mature romance". The Boston Globe also praised the novel, citing the character of Katya as a highlight.

Shamim Sarif
Shamim Sarif (born 24 September 1969) is a British novelist, screenwriter, and film director of Indian South African heritage. Sarif is best known for her work in writing and directing films with themes that often explore issues of identity and cultural diversity.
Don Galloway
Donald Poe Galloway (July 27, 1937 – January 8, 2009) was an American stage, film and television actor, best known for his role as Detective Sergeant Ed Brown in the series Ironside (1967–1975). He reprised the role for a TV film in 1993. He was also a politically active libertarian and columnist.

Ironside (1967 TV series)
Ironside is an American television crime drama that aired on NBC over eight seasons from 1967 to 1975. The show starred Raymond Burr as Robert T. Ironside (usually addressed by the title "Chief Ironside"), a consultant to the San Francisco police department (formerly chief of detectives), who was paralyzed from the waist down after being shot while on vacation. The character debuted on March 28, 1967, in a TV movie titled Ironside. When the series was broadcast in the United Kingdom, from late 1967 onward, it was broadcast as A Man Called Ironside. The show earned Burr six Emmy and two Golden Globe nominations.

Ironside was a production of Burr's Harbour Productions Unlimited in association with Universal Television.
Roderick R. Allen
Major General Roderick Random Allen (January 29, 1894 – February 1, 1970) was a senior United States Army officer, who commanded the 20th and 12th Armored Divisions during World War II. Under his command of the 12th AD, the division defended Strasbourg from recapture; it provided the armored contingent in the closure of the Colmar Pocket and the liberation of Colmar; it spearheaded General George Patton's drive to the Rhine; captured intact the remaining bridge over the Danube River and broke the German defense line; and played a major part in blocking the Brenner Pass, thereby trapping over a million German soldiers in Italy as the war ended. En route to the Brenner Pass it overran eleven concentration camps at Landsberg, Germany.

During the Korean War, he served on General Douglas MacArthur's general staff, was Director of Intelligence for the Army Ground Forces and commanded XVI Corps and the 9th Infantry Division.

12th Armored Division (United States)
The 12th Armored Division was an armored division of the United States Army in World War II. It fought in the European Theater of Operations in France, Germany and Austria, between November 1944 and May 1945.

The German Army called the 12th Armored Division the "Suicide Division" for its fierce defensive actions during Operation Nordwind in France, and they were nicknamed the "Mystery Division" when they were temporarily transferred to the command of the Third Army under General George S. Patton Jr., to cross the Rhine River.

The 12th Armored Division was one of only ten U.S. divisions (and only one of two U.S. armored divisions) during World War II that had African-American combat companies integrated into the division. The group was known as Company D. One of the African American soldiers, Staff Sergeant Edward A. Carter Jr. was awarded The Distinguished Service Cross for gallantry in combat during World War II, and was later awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously.
Ambiguous grammar
In computer science, an ambiguous grammar is a context-free grammar for which there exists a string that can have more than one leftmost derivation or parse tree. Every non-empty context-free language admits an ambiguous grammar by introducing e.g. a duplicate rule. A language that only admits ambiguous grammars is called an inherently ambiguous language. Deterministic context-free grammars are always unambiguous, and are an important subclass of unambiguous grammars; there are non-deterministic unambiguous grammars, however.

For computer programming languages, the reference grammar is often ambiguous, due to issues such as the dangling else problem. If present, these ambiguities are generally resolved by adding precedence rules or other context-sensitive parsing rules, so the overall phrase grammar is unambiguous. Some parsing algorithms (such as Earley or GLR parsers) can generate sets of parse trees (or "parse forests") from strings that are syntactically ambiguous.

Deterministic context-free grammar
In formal grammar theory, the deterministic context-free grammars (DCFGs) are a proper subset of the context-free grammars. They are the subset of context-free grammars that can be derived from deterministic pushdown automata, and they generate the deterministic context-free languages. DCFGs are always unambiguous, and are an important subclass of unambiguous CFGs; there are non-deterministic unambiguous CFGs, however.

DCFGs are of great practical interest, as they can be parsed in linear time and in fact a parser can be automatically generated from the grammar by a parser generator. They are thus widely used throughout computer science. Various restricted forms of DCFGs can be parsed by simpler, less resource-intensive parsers, and thus are often used. These grammar classes are referred to by the type of parser that parses them, and important examples are LALR, SLR, and LL.
Ron Calderon
Ronald Steven Calderon (born August 12, 1957, in Montebello, California) is a former Democratic California State Senator from the 30th Senate District.
Calderon is also known for receiving bribes from Michael Drobot.

Tom Calderon
Thomas M. Calderon (born April 8, 1954) is an American Democratic politician from the state of California. He served in the California Assembly from 1998 through 2002.

In 2014, Calderon and his brother State Senator Ron Calderon were indicted for bribery. In early June 2016, Calderon pleaded guilty to money-laundering.

Calderon is from Montebello, California.
Najjar Mahalleh
Najjar Mahalleh (Persian: نجارمحله) is a neighborhood in the city of Babakan in Dasht-e Sar District of Amol County, Mazandaran province, Iran. As a village, it was the capital of Dasht-e Sar Rural District in Dabudasht District until its capital was transferred to the village of Nezamabad.

Dasht-e Sar-e Sharqi Rural District
Dasht-e Sar-e Sharqi Rural District (Persian: دهستان دشت ‌سر شرقی) is in Dasht-e Sar District of Amol County, Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Nezamabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Najjar Mahalleh, now a neighborhood in the city of Babakan.
Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service
The Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES) was an agency within the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).  The Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 established CSREES by combining the former Cooperative State Research Service and the Extension Service into a single agency. Following the passage of the 2008 Farm Bill, CSREES was replaced by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA).  In 2009, NIFA assumed all responsibilities of CSREES, including oversight of the Cooperative Extension System.

Cooperative Extension System (United States)
The Cooperative Extension System (CES) is a nationwide publicly-funded informal education system in the United States.  CES programs are administered by land-grant universities in collaboration with federal, state, and local governments.  CES was formally established by the Smith-Lever Act of 1914.

CES supports and delivers community education programs in subject areas such as agriculture, health and nutrition, family and consumer sciences, community development, natural resources, emergency preparedness, climate, volunteerism, and human sciences.  CES also oversees 4-H, the largest youth development organization in the United States.

CES operates at the federal level through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), an agency under the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).  State-level leadership is provided by land-grant universities, and local programming is facilitated by county-level offices.
Busters (group)
Busters (Korean: 버스터즈; RR: Beoseuteojeu) was a five-member South Korean girl group formed by Marbling E&M Inc. and JTG Entertainment in 2017. The group was reorganized in 2020 after the original members left the company and the group.

Classy (group)
Classy (/ˈklæsi/; Korean: 클라씨; RR: Keullassi; stylized as CLASSy or formerly CLASS:y) is a South Korean girl group formed through the MBC reality competition show My Teenage Girl. The group consists of seven members: Won Ji-min, Kim Seon-you, Myung Hyung-seo, Hong Hye-ju, Kim Ri-won, Park Bo-eun, and Yoon Chae-won. They officially debuted on May 5, 2022, with the extended play (EP) Class Is Over.
Jagga Jatt
Jagga Jatt (or Jagga Daku), originally named Jagat Singh, was a notable social bandit in 20th-century Punjab. He is often remembered as the "Robin Hood of Punjab" due to his reputation for robbing from the rich and giving to the poor, much like the legendary Robin Hood.

Malangi (bandit)
Malangi  (1890s – 1927) was a dacoit or a bandit during the colonial occupation of Punjab, British India. He was known as 'Robinhood' in his native district of Kasur. Punjab has a folklore tradition of appreciating the role of dacoits such as Malangi who defied the authorities of the period and sided with the common people. Other such well-known Punjabi rebels were Nizam Lohar, Imam Din Gohavia and Jagga Jatt, who were considered folk heroes by people during the early part of the 20th century. Folk songs of bravery of these dacoits are sung even today. One song sung in Punjab that reflects the prominence of Malangi goes like this:
Elizabeth Emblem
The Elizabeth Emblem is a national form of recognition conferred by the monarch and awarded to the next of kin of United Kingdom public servants who are killed in performance of their duty. It is named in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II. It is the civilian equivalent of the Elizabeth Cross.  It was introduced partly in response to campaigners, including the father of PC Nicola Hughes.

Elizabeth Cross
The Elizabeth Cross is a form of recognition given to the recognised next of kin of members of the British Armed Forces who have died on operations, or as a result of an act of terrorism since 1 January 1948, after the Second World War. It bears the name of Queen Elizabeth II.
Remi Aluko
Remi Alukoⓘ (born September 29, 1977, in Ebute Meta, Lagos State) is a Nigerian musician. He began performing at the age of 15 and adopted a style that blends traditional Fuji rhythms with contemporary elements, performing under the name Igwe1.

Fuji music
Fújì is a genre of Yoruba popular music that emerged in Nigeria in the 1960s. It evolved from the improvisational wéré music also known as ajísari (meaning "waking up for sari", performed to awaken Muslims before dawn during the fasting season of Ramadan. Fuji music was named after the Japanese stratovolcano-mountain, Mount Fuji by Alhaji Sikiru Ayinde Barrister (pioneer of Fuji). It features energetic beats, diverse Yoruba rhythms, and call-and-response vocals. Fuji's influence extends into contemporary music, with its hooks and rhythms frequently appearing in Nigerian hip hop.

In February 2024, professor and filmmaker Saheed Aderinto released the first episode of The Fuji Documentary titled "Mr. Fuji: Barry Wonder" which chronicles the story of Fuji music creator Sikiru Ayinde Barrister.
Atlantic National Bank
The Atlantic National Bank was an American bank based in Jacksonville, Florida. It existed from 1903 until 1985, when it was acquired by First Union. Subsequently, First Union changed its name to Wachovia Corporation when it also acquired Wachovia National Bank, then the merged company was acquired by Wells Fargo in 2008. The company constructed two significant buildings in Downtown Jacksonville: 121 Atlantic Place (formerly the Atlantic National Bank Building) and the Schultz Building (formerly the Atlantic National Bank Annex).

First Union
First Union Corporation was a bank holding company that provided commercial and retail banking services in eleven states in the eastern U.S. First Union also provided various other financial services, including mortgage banking, credit card, investment banking (First Union Securities), investment advisory, home equity lending, asset-based lending, leasing, insurance, international and securities brokerage services and private equity through First Union Capital Partners, and through other subsidiaries.

In September 2001, First Union completed their acquisition of Wachovia National Bank to become Wachovia Corporation, which used to be one of the largest financial holding companies in the U.S. As of the end of 2000, First Union had over $171 billion of total assets, over 70,000 employees and 2,193 branches. After their acquisition of Wachovia, they assumed the name and stock ticker symbol of the latter company.
Flash Comics
Flash Comics is a comics anthology published by All-American Publications and later by National Periodical Publications (DC Comics). The title had 104 issues published from January 1940 to February 1949. Despite the title, the anthology featured the adventures of multiple superheroes in addition to Jay Garrick, the original Flash. Characters introduced in the series include the Flash, Hawkman (Carter Hall), Hawkgirl and Black Canary.

Jay Garrick
Jason Peter "Jay" Garrick is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. He is the first character known as the Flash. The character first appeared in Flash Comics #1 (January 1940), created by writer Gardner Fox and artist Harry Lampert.

In the original Golden Age comics, Jay Garrick gained his speed-enhancing abilities by inhaling hard water vapor during a lab experiment. This accident granted him superhuman speed and agility, allowing him to become the Flash and fight crime.

Jay Garrick has made numerous appearances in other media. For television series on The CW, John Wesley Shipp portrayed the character as a recurring character in The Flash and in a guest capacity in Stargirl. Additionally, Billy Mitchell played the character's live-action debut as a cameo in Smallville, with a cameo appearance in The Flash (2023) portrayed via CGI and modeled after editor Jason Ballantine.
Streptaxidae
Streptaxidae is a family of carnivorous air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade
Stylommatophora.

Streptaxidae are monophyletic while all subfamilies and several genera are polyphyletic.

Six Streptaxidae subfamilies are accepted in the 2005 taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi.

Streptaxidae are carnivorous except for one species Edentulina moreleti, which is herbivorous. All streptaxids have well-developed radula, except  Careoradula perelegans, which is the only known terrestrial gastropod without radula.

Altogether 66 species from the family Streptaxidae are listed in the 2010 IUCN Red List.

Careoradula perelegans
Careoradula perelegans is a species of air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Streptaxidae.

Careoradula perelegans is the only species in the genus Careoradula.

The generic name Careoradula consist of Latin word "careo", that means "lacking" and the word radula.
Olt County
Olt County (Romanian pronunciation: [olt]) is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Bulgaria, in the historical regions of Oltenia and Muntenia (the regions are separated by the Olt river). The capital city is Slatina.

Slatina, Romania
Slatina (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈslatina], Bulgarian: Слатина) is the capital city of Olt County, Romania, on the river Olt. It is located in the south of Romania, on the eastern side of the river Olt, in the historical region of Muntenia. The population was 63,487 in 2021; the urban area has around 85,000 inhabitants. It is an important industrial center.

The city administers one village, Cireașov.
Morph the Cat
Morph the Cat is the third studio album by American singer-songwriter Donald Fagen. Released on March 7, 2006, to generally positive reviews from critics, Morph the Cat was described by Fagen as his "death album" in an interview with Fred Kaplan of The New York Times. Musicians on the album include drummer Keith Carlock, saxophonist Walt Weiskopf, bassist Freddie Washington, and guitarists Frank Vignola, Jon Herington, Wayne Krantz, and Hugh McCracken.

Morph the Cat was released on CD and on a CD/DVD-Audio 2-disc package, with a 5.1 surround sound mix engineered by Elliot Scheiner. The surround recording won the Grammy Award for Best Surround Sound Album.

Donald Fagen
Donald Jay Fagen (born January 10, 1948) is an American singer-songwriter and musician who is the co-founder, lead singer, co-songwriter, and keyboardist of the rock band Steely Dan, formed in the early 1970s with musical partner Walter Becker. In addition to his contributions to Steely Dan, Fagen has released four solo albums, beginning with The Nightfly in 1982, which was nominated for seven Grammys.

In 2001, Fagen was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Steely Dan. Following Becker's death in 2017, Fagen continues to tour using the band name.