hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bio-FET
A field-effect transistor-based biosensor, also known as a biosensor field-effect transistor (Bio-FET or BioFET), field-effect biosensor (FEB), or biosensor MOSFET, is a field-effect transistor (based on the MOSFET structure) that is gated by changes in the surface potential induced by the binding of molecules. When charged molecules, such as biomolecules, bind to the FET gate, which is usually a dielectric material, they can change the charge distribution of the underlying semiconductor material resulting in a change in conductance of the FET channel. A Bio-FET consists of two main compartments: one is the biological recognition element and the other is the field-effect transistor. The BioFET structure is largely based on the ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET), a type of metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) where the metal gate is replaced by an ion-sensitive membrane, electrolyte solution, and reference electrode.

Field-effect transistor
The field-effect transistor (FET) is a type of transistor that uses an electric field to control the current through a semiconductor. It comes in two types: junction FET (JFET) and metal–oxide–semiconductor FET (MOSFET). FETs have three terminals: source, gate, and drain. FETs control the current by the application of a voltage to the gate, which in turn alters the conductivity between the drain and source.

FETs are also known as unipolar transistors since they involve single-carrier-type operation. That is, FETs use either electrons (n-channel) or holes (p-channel) as charge carriers in their operation, but not both. Many different types of field-effect transistors exist. Field effect transistors generally display very high input impedance at low frequencies. The most widely used field-effect transistor is the MOSFET.
The Trio (Oscar Peterson album)
The Trio (alternatively titled The Trio: Live From Chicago) is a 1961 live album by the Oscar Peterson Trio, recorded at the London House jazz club in Chicago, during a period in which the pianist "was generally in peak form."

Three other Oscar Peterson Trio albums were also released featuring music from the London House concerts: The Sound of the Trio, Something Warm and Put On a Happy Face. The complete  sessions were released in 1996 as The London House Sessions.

Something Warm
Something Warm is a live album by the Oscar Peterson Trio, recorded at the London House jazz club in Chicago. The sessions were in 1961, but the album was initially released as Verve V/V6-8681 in 1967.

Three other Oscar Peterson Trio albums were also released featuring music from the London House concerts: The Trio, The Sound of the Trio, and Put On a Happy Face. The complete  sessions were released in 1996 as The London House Sessions.
Catherine Guinness
Catherine Ingrid Guinness (born 1 June 1952), known as Catherine Charteris, Lady Neidpath from 1983 to 1990 and later as Catherine Hesketh, is a British aristocrat, writer, and socialite. The first child of Jonathan Guinness, 3rd Baron Moyne, she is a member of the prominent Guinness family and a granddaughter of Diana Mitford. Guinness was a close friend of Andy Warhol, for whom she worked as a personal assistant in New York, and was active in the New York social scene and The Factory.

Jonathan Guinness, 3rd Baron Moyne
Jonathan Bryan Guinness, 3rd Baron Moyne (born 16 March 1930), is a British peer, businessman and writer. A member of the Guinness family, he is the elder of the two sons of Bryan Guinness, 2nd Baron Moyne, and his first wife Diana Mitford (later Lady Mosley). Until his retirement, he was a non-executive director of Guinness plc and a merchant banker with Messrs Leopold Joseph.
Chevrolet Uplander
The Chevrolet Uplander is a minivan manufactured and marketed by the Chevrolet division of General Motors for model years of 2005–2009, replacing the Venture and the Astro. Marketed over a single generation, the Uplander was offered in short and long wheelbase variations — each with foldable and removable second and third row seating; a V-6 engine and 4-speed automatic transmission.

Heavily based on GM's predecessor minivans, the Uplander was initially marketed with those vehicles, the Venture and Astro.  The minivan and its rebadged variants, the Saturn Relay, Buick Terraza, and Pontiac Montana SV6, were manufactured at GM's Doraville Assembly and were discontinued in 2008 when GM left the minivan market, ended production and closed the Doraville Assembly plant.

The Uplander was marketed in the United States, Canada, Chile, Mexico, and the Middle East.

Chevrolet Venture
The Chevrolet Venture is a minivan produced by General Motors for the 1997 to 2005 model years. The Chevrolet Venture, along with most of its General Motors minivan siblings, was built at GM's Doraville, Georgia, assembly plant.
Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (South Korea)
The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (MCST; Korean: 문화체육관광부) is a central government agency of South Korea responsible for the areas of tourism, culture, art, religion, and sports. It has two vice ministers, three assistant ministers, one commission, and over 60 divisions. The first Minister of Culture was novelist Lee O-young. Subsidiary entities such as the National Museum, the National Theater, and the National Library are under the Ministry.

The headquarters are located in the Sejong Government Complex in Sejong City. The headquarters were previously in Jongno District, Seoul.

National Library of Korea
The National Library of Korea (Korean: 국립중앙도서관; Hanja: 國立中央圖書館; lit. National Central Library) is located in the Seocho District of Seoul, South Korea. It was established in 1945. It houses more than 10 million volumes, including over 1,134,000 foreign-language books and some of the National Treasures of South Korea.
Arginine
Arginine is the amino acid with the formula (H2N)(HN)CN(H)(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H.  The molecule features a guanidino group appended to a standard amino acid framework. At physiological pH, the carboxylic acid is deprotonated (−CO2−) and both the amino and guanidino groups are protonated, resulting in a cation. Only the l-arginine (symbol Arg or R) enantiomer is found naturally. Arg residues are common components of proteins. It is encoded by the codons CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, and AGG. The guanidine group in arginine is the precursor for the biosynthesis of nitric oxide. Like all amino acids, it is a white, water-soluble solid.

The one-letter symbol R was assigned to arginine for its phonetic similarity in English.

Guanidine
Guanidine is the compound with the formula HNC(NH2)2. It is a colourless solid that dissolves in polar solvents. It is a strong base that is used in the production of plastics and explosives. It is found in urine predominantly in patients experiencing renal failure. A guanidine moiety also appears in larger organic molecules, including on the side chain of arginine.
Aquatic therapy
Aquatic therapy refers to treatments and exercises performed in water for relaxation, fitness, physical rehabilitation, and other therapeutic benefit. Typically a qualified aquatic therapist gives constant attendance to a person receiving treatment in a heated therapy pool. Aquatic therapy techniques include Ai Chi, Aqua Running, Bad Ragaz Ring Method, Burdenko Method, Halliwick, Watsu, and other aquatic bodywork forms. Therapeutic applications include neurological disorders, spine pain, musculoskeletal pain, postoperative orthopedic rehabilitation, pediatric disabilities, pressure ulcers, and disease conditions, such as osteoporosis. Aquatic physical therapy is also beneficial for older adults for fall prevention, increasing balance, and gait training.

Watsu
Watsu is a form of aquatic bodywork used for deep relaxation and passive aquatic therapy.  Watsu is characterized by one-on-one sessions in which a practitioner or therapist gently cradles, moves, stretches, and massages a receiver in chest-deep warm water.

Watsu, originally developed by Harold Dull at Harbin Hot Springs, California, in the early 1980s, combines elements of muscle stretching, joint mobilization, massage, Shiatsu,  and dance, performed in chest-deep warm water (around 35°C = 95°F). The receiver is continuously supported by a practitioner or therapist while being backfloated, rhythmically cradled, moved, stretched, and massaged.
2021 National Women's Football Championship (Pakistan)
The 2021 National Women's Football Championship was to be the 13th edition of the National Women's Football Championship, the top tier of women's association football in Pakistan. Pakistan Army were the defending champions, having won the 2019–20 National Women Football Championship.

On 27 March 2021, after the Pakistan Football Federation office was forcibly taken over, when it was attacked and people inside held hostage by its former president, Syed Ashfaq Hussain Shah, the Championship was cancelled with only the group stage completed. The development stage tournament was also cancelled by the PFF Normalization committee who were previously in helm of the PFF office. The Ashfaq Shah-led group continued the tournament, but due to the boycott of some of the teams, the tournament was cancelled after the quarterfinals on 1 April 2021.

2019–20 National Women's Football Championship (Pakistan)
The 2019-2020 National Women's Football Championship was the 12th season of the National Women's Football Championship, the top tier of women's football in Pakistan. The tournament took place in two phases: qualifying round in November 2019 and final round from 1 to 12 January 2020 in Karachi.

Defending champions Pakistan Army retained their title by beating Karachi United 7–1 in the final.
The Pirates of Malaysia
The Pirates of Malaysia (Italian: I pirati della Malesia) is an exotic adventure novel written by Italian author Emilio Salgari, published in 1896. It features his most famous character, Sandokan, and is a sequel to The Tigers of Mompracem.

The Tigers of Mompracem
The Tigers of Mompracem (original title: Le Tigri di Mompracem) is an exotic adventure novel written by Italian author Emilio Salgari, published in 1900. It features his most famous character, Sandokan.

It was adapted into a 1970 film The Tigers of Mompracem directed by Mario Sequi.
Penzance RFC
Penzance RFC formed in 1876, was a rugby union club based in Penzance, Cornwall, England. They amalgamated with Newlyn RFC in 1944 to form Penzance and Newlyn RFC (The Pirates), currently known as the Cornish Pirates.

Newlyn RFC
Newlyn RFC was a rugby football club formed in 1894 (or 1895) and based in Newlyn, Cornwall, UK. They played their final match in December 1939 and amalgamated with Penzance RFC in 1944 to form Penzance & Newlyn RFC (The Pirates), currently known as the Cornish Pirates.
Robert Warren Miller
Robert Warren Miller (born May 23, 1933) is an American-British billionaire, entrepreneur, co-founder of DFS Group, and sailing champion. He is the father of Pia Getty, Marie-Chantal, Crown Princess of Greece, and Princess Alexandra von Fürstenberg, dubbed by tabloids and high society as 'The Miller Sisters'.

Alexandra von Fürstenberg
Alexandra Natasha von Fürstenberg (née Miller; born October 3, 1972) is a Hong Kong-born American heiress, socialite, entrepreneur and furniture designer based in Los Angeles. She is the youngest daughter of American billionaire and DFS Group co-founder Robert Warren Miller.
Minamoto no Tsunemoto
Minamoto no Tsunemoto (源 経基; 894–961) was a samurai and Imperial Prince during Japan's Heian period, one of the progenitors of the Seiwa Genji branch of the Minamoto clan. He was a son of Sadazumi-shinnō and grandson of Emperor Seiwa. Legend has it that Tsunemoto, in his childhood, was called Rokusonnō (六孫王), with roku (六, 'six') meaning that his father was the sixth son of Emperor Seiwa, and son (孫, 'grandson') meaning that he was a grandson of the Emperor.

Tsunemoto took part in a number of campaigns for the Imperial Court, including those against Taira no Masakado in 940 and against Fujiwara no Sumitomo the following year.

He held the title of Chinjufu-shōgun, or Commander-in-chief of the Defense of the North, and was granted the clan name of Minamoto by the Emperor in 961, the year he died.

Tsunemoto was the father of Minamoto no Mitsunaka.

Minamoto no Mitsunaka
Minamoto no Mitsunaka (源 満仲; April 29, 912 – October 6, 997) was a Japanese samurai and court official of the Heian period. He served as Chinjufu-shōgun and acting governor of Settsu Province. His association with the Fujiwara clan made him one of the wealthiest and most powerful courtiers of his day.
2015 Blancpain GT Series
The 2015 Blancpain GT Series season was the second season of the Blancpain GT Series. The season started on 6 April at Nogaro and ended on 11 October in Zandvoort. The season featured twelve rounds, five Blancpain Endurance Series rounds and seven Blancpain Sprint Series rounds.

2015 Blancpain Sprint Series
The 2015 Blancpain Sprint Series was the third season following on from the demise of the SRO Group's FIA GT1 World Championship (an auto racing series for grand tourer cars), the second with the designation of Blancpain Sprint Series.
New Haven Colony
New Haven Colony was an English colony from 1638 to 1664 that included settlements on the north shore of Long Island Sound, with outposts in modern-day New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. The colony joined Connecticut Colony in 1664.

The history of the colony was a series of disappointments and failures. The most serious problem was that New Haven Colony never had a charter giving it legal title to exist.  The larger, stronger colony of Connecticut to the north did have a charter. New Haven's leaders were businessmen and traders, but they were never able to build up a large or profitable trade because their agricultural base was poor, farming the rocky soil was difficult, and the location was isolated.

Connecticut Colony
The Connecticut Colony, originally known as the Connecticut River Colony, was an English colony in New England which became the state of Connecticut. It was organized on March 3, 1636 as a settlement for a Puritan congregation of settlers from the Massachusetts Bay Colony led by Thomas Hooker. The English secured their control of the region in the Pequot War. The colony eventually absorbed the neighboring New Haven and Saybrook colonies. It was part of the brief Dominion of New England. The colony's founding document was the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, which has been called the first written constitution of a democratic government, earning Connecticut the nickname "The Constitution State".
Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City
Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City, 438 U.S. 104 (1978), is a landmark United States Supreme Court decision on compensation for regulatory takings. Penn Central sued the government of New York City after the New York City Landmark Preservation Commission denied its bid to build a large office building on top of Grand Central Terminal. The Supreme Court ruled in the city's favor.

Penn Central Transportation Company
The Penn Central Transportation Company, commonly abbreviated to Penn Central, was an American class I railroad that operated from 1968 to 1976. Penn Central combined three traditional corporate rivals (the Pennsylvania, New York Central and the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroads), each of which were united by large-scale service into the New York metropolitan area and to a lesser extent New England and Chicago.

Barely two years after its formation, the new company failed, representing the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history at the time. Penn Central's railroad assets were subsequently nationalized into Conrail along with those of other bankrupt northeastern railroads; its real estate and insurance holdings successfully reorganized into American Premier Underwriters.
F5ve
F5ve (ファイビー; stylized in lowercase and pronounced "fi-vee"; formerly known as SG5) is a Japanese girl group formed in 2022 by LDH and Three Six Zero. The group consists of Sayaka, Kaede, Ruri, Miyuu, and Rui, with BloodPop serving as their executive producer.

As SG5, the group was based around the Sailor Moon franchise. They released their debut single, "Firetruck", in 2023 before rebranding as F5ve in 2024, when they released the singles "Lettuce" and "Underground", which were featured on their debut studio album Sequence 01 (2025). As of 2024, the group is signed to Three Six Zero Recordings.

LDH (company)
LDH JAPAN Inc. (株式会社LDH JAPAN) is a Japanese management and entertainment company founded by the six original members of Japanese boy group Exile in 2003. The president is Hiroyuki Igarashi, the leader of the Exile. The name "LDH" is an acronym of "Love + Dream + Happiness". The company operates several boy bands and girl groups and a talent school named "EXPG".

In January 2017, the company changed its name to LDH Japan and established overseas branches in United States, Asia, and Europe. They established a new company called LDH World, the parent company of the four branches. For LDH World, Hiro took on the role of chief creative officer, while Verbal, NIGO and Dr. Romanelli (aka DRx) were appointed as executive creative directors. Masataka Mori was appointed as the CEO of LDH Japan, Makoto Matsuda as the CEO of LDH Asia, Afrojack as the CEO of LDH Europe and Hirotaka Mori as the CEO of LDH USA.
Emilia Lanier
Emilia Lanier (née Aemilia Bassano; 1569–1645) was an English writer and poet during the Elizabethan period. Her 1611 volume Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum (Hail, God, King of the Jews) has been seen as protofeminist.  She has a strong claim to be one of the first commercially-published women poets writing in the English language.

Lanier was a contemporary of William Shakespeare, and attempts have been made to identify her with Shakespeare's "Dark Lady" or even with Shakespeare himself. These ideas have inspired several works of fiction with Lanier as a character.

Emilia Lanier theory of Shakespeare authorship
The Emilia Lanier theory of Shakespeare authorship contends that the English poet Emilia Lanier (née Aemilia Bassano; 1569–1645) is the actual author of at least part of the plays and poems attributed to William Shakespeare. As is the case with the dozens of other candidates purported to be a secret author of Shakespeare's works, this idea is rejected by the large majority of Shakespeare scholars.
Valentin Kataev
Valentin Petrovich Kataev (Russian: Валенти́н Петро́вич Ката́ев; also spelled Katayev or Kataiev; 28 January [O.S. 16 January] 1897 – 12 April 1986) was a Soviet writer and editor who managed to create penetrating works discussing post-revolutionary social conditions without running afoul of the demands of official Soviet style. Kataev is credited with suggesting the idea for The Twelve Chairs to his brother Yevgeny Petrov and Ilya Ilf. In return, Kataev insisted that the novel be dedicated to him, in all editions and translations. Kataev's relentless imagination, sensitivity, and originality made him one of the most distinguished Soviet writers.

Yevgeny Petrov (writer)
Yevgeny Petrovich Petrov, also spelled Evgeny or Yevgeni, (Евгений Петрович Петров, born Katayev (Катаев); December 13 [O.S. November 30] 1902 in Odessa – July 2, 1942) was a popular Soviet author in the 1920s and 1930s. He often worked in collaboration with Ilya Ilf. As Ilf and Petrov, they wrote The Twelve Chairs, released in 1928, and its sequel, The Little Golden Calf, released in 1931.
Second-degree atrioventricular block
Second-degree atrioventricular block (AV block) is a disease of the electrical conduction system of the heart. It is a conduction block between the atria and ventricles. The presence of second-degree AV block is diagnosed when one or more (but not all) of the atrial impulses fail to conduct to the ventricles due to impaired conduction. It is classified as a block of the AV node, falling between  first-degree (slowed conduction) and third degree blocks (complete block).

Third-degree atrioventricular block
Third-degree atrioventricular block (AV block) is a medical condition in which the electrical impulse generated in the sinoatrial node (SA node) in the atrium of the heart can not propagate to the ventricles.

Because the impulse is blocked, an accessory pacemaker in the lower chambers will typically activate the ventricles.  This is known as an escape rhythm. Since this accessory pacemaker also activates independently of the impulse generated at the SA node, two independent rhythms can be noted on the electrocardiogram (ECG).

The P waves with a regular P-to-P interval (in other words, a sinus rhythm) represent the first rhythm.

The QRS complexes with a regular R-to-R interval represent the second rhythm. The PR interval will be variable, as the hallmark of complete heart block is the lack of any apparent relationship between P waves and QRS complexes.
Vinny Marseglia
Vincent Marseglia (born January 24, 1986) is an American professional wrestler. He is signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where he performs under the mononym Vincent and is a member of The Righteous alongside Dutch. He is best known for his work with All Elite Wrestling (AEW) and Ring of Honor (ROH), where he is a record setting four-time ROH World Six-Man Tag Team Champion.

Dutch (wrestler)
William Carr (born April 21, 1987), better known by the ring name Dutch, is an American professional wrestler. He is currently signed to TNA Wrestling, where he is a member of The Righteous alongside Vincent. He is known for his time All Elite Wrestling (AEW) and Ring of Honor (ROH), where he is a former ROH World Six-Man Tag Team Champion.
Subramaniya Swamy Temple, Tiruttani
Subramaniya Swamy Temple is a Hindu temple located on a hillock in Tiruttani, Tiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is dedicated to Murugan, and is one of the six abodes of Murugan (Arupadaiveedu). As per Hindu mythology, Murugan came to Tiruttani after killing Surapadman to subside his anger. He also married Valli at the location. In the temple, Murugan is seen holding a vajra vel (thunderbolt) instead of his normal weapon (vel), and has an elephant mount (vahana) instead of his usual peacock mount. The temple is maintained and administered by the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu.

Six Abodes of Murugan
The Six Abodes of Murugan (Tamil: Āṟupaṭaīvīṭukaḷ) are six Hindu temples dedicated to the Hindu deity Murugan,  located in Tamil Nadu, India. These are Thiruparankundram, Tiruchendur, Palani, Swamimalai, Tiruttani, and Pazhamudircholai. These temples, which are associated with Hindu mythology associated with Murugan, are associated with Tamil literature such as Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai by Nakkeerar, and in Tiruppukal by Arunagirinathar.
Tia Norfleet
Shauntia Latrice Norfleet (born May 1, 1986) is the first and only African American woman to hold a NASCAR driver’s license. The daughter of NASCAR driver Bobby Norfleet, she has completed 1 lap in a late model.

Bobby Norfleet
Robert Norfleet (born July 7, 1958) is an American former professional racing driver. He has raced motorcycles, drag cars, and in stock car racing, which included attempts in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series and the ARCA Re/Max Series.