hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs
Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs (COMNAP) is an international association that develops and promotes best practice in managing the support of scientific research in Antarctica. Members are composed of national research programs who respective governments are signatories to the Antarctic Treaty committing the continent as a natural reserve.

COMNAP members are responsible for the operation of around 80 research stations and the other infrastructure that supports science across Antarctica. Its secretariat is in Christchurch, New Zealand. COMNAP has an observer status and reports its activities at the yearly Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings.

Research stations in Antarctica
Multiple governments have set up permanent research stations in Antarctica and these bases are widely distributed. Unlike the drifting ice stations set up in the Arctic, the current research stations of the Antarctic are constructed either on rocks or on ice that are (for practical purposes) fixed in place.

Many of these stations are staffed throughout the year. Of the 56 signatories to the Antarctic Treaty, a total of 55 countries (as of 2023) operate seasonal (summer) and year-round research stations on the continent. The number of people performing and supporting scientific research on the continent and nearby islands varies from approximately 4,800 during the summer to around 1,200 during the winter (June). In addition to these permanent stations, approximately 30 field camps are established each summer to support specific projects.
Joel Townsley Rogers
Joel Townsley Rogers (November 22, 1896 — October 1, 1984) was an American writer who wrote science fiction, air-adventure, and mystery stories and a handful of mystery novels. He is best known for his murder mystery The Red Right Hand, which is considered a cult classic of the genre and won the French literary award Grand Prix de Littérature Policière in 1951.

Grand Prix de Littérature Policière
The Grand Prix de Littérature Policière (or the Police Literature Grand Prize) is a French literary prize founded in 1948 by author and literary critic Maurice-Bernard Endrèbe.  It is the most prestigious award for crime and detective fiction in France. Two prizes are awarded annually to the best French novel and to the best international crime novel published in that year.
Covington Catholic High School
Covington Catholic High School (abbreviated CCH or CovCath) is a private, Roman Catholic, high school for boys in Park Hills, Kentucky, United States. It was founded in 1925 by Bishop Francis William Howard and Brother George Sauer, and is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Covington. The school is the only boys' high school in northern Kentucky and one of five in the Cincinnati area. The girls' Notre Dame Academy is located across the street.

Diocese of Covington
The Diocese of Covington (Latin: Dioecesis Covingtonensis) is a Catholic diocese in northern Kentucky in the United States. The cathedral church of the diocese is the Cathedral Basilica of the Assumption in Covington. John Iffert is the bishop.
Saturation mutagenesis
Saturation mutagenesis, or site saturation mutagenesis (SSM), or simply site saturation, is a random mutagenesis technique used in protein engineering, in which a single codon or set of codons is substituted with all possible amino acids at the position. There are many variants of the site saturation technique, from paired site saturation (saturating two positions in every mutant in the library) to scanning single-site saturation (performing a site saturation at each site in the protein, resulting in a library of size 20n, where n is the number of peptides in the protein, or n-site saturation, where n sites in a peptide would be site saturated, with a library size of 20n, where if the length of your peptide is n, a complete randomization is obtained.

Sequence saturation mutagenesis
Sequence saturation mutagenesis (SeSaM) is a chemo-enzymatic random mutagenesis method applied for the directed evolution of proteins and enzymes. It is one of the most common saturation mutagenesis techniques. In four PCR-based reaction steps, phosphorothioate nucleotides are inserted in the gene sequence, cleaved and the resulting fragments elongated by universal or degenerate nucleotides. These nucleotides are then replaced by standard nucleotides, allowing for a broad distribution of nucleic acid mutations spread over the gene sequence with a preference to transversions and with a unique focus on consecutive point mutations, both difficult to generate by other mutagenesis techniques. The technique was developed by Professor Ulrich Schwaneberg at Jacobs University Bremen and RWTH Aachen University.
Al-Infitar
The Cleaving in Sunder  (Arabic: الانفطار,  al-infiṭār, also known as "The Cleaving" and "Bursting Apart") is the 82nd sura of the Quran, with 19 ayat. The chapter is named 'Al-Infitar' because of the occurrence of the word 'unfatarat' in the first verse of this chapter. Infitar means 'split asunder': the word 'Unfatarat' is used in this chapter in order to describe the splitting of the sky on the day of Judgment. This chapter (Al-Infitar), along with chapters At-Takwir and Al-Inshiqaq, provides an exhaustive description about the 'Day of Judgment'.

Al-Inshiqaq
Al-Inshiqāq (Arabic: الانشقاق, "The Sundering", "Splitting Open") is the eighty-fourth chapter (surah) of the Qur'an, with 25 verses (āyāt). It mentions details of the Day of Judgment when, according to this chapter, everyone will receive reckoning over their deeds in this world.
Umeå University
Umeå University (Swedish: Umeå universitet; Ume Sami: Ubmejen universitiähta; Meänkieli: Uumaja ynivärsiteetti); is a public research university located in Umeå, in the mid-northern region of Sweden. The university was founded in 1965 and is the fifth oldest within Sweden's present borders.

As of 2015, Umeå University has over 36,000 registered students (approximately 16,000 full-time students), including those at the postgraduate and doctoral level. It has more than 4,000 employees, half of which are teachers/researchers, including 310 professors.

Internationally, the university is known for research relating to the genome of the poplar tree and the Norway Spruce, and its highly ranked Institute of (industrial) Design.

University Hospital of Umeå
University Hospital of Umeå, in Swedish Norrlands universitetssjukhus (Nus), is the major hospital in northern Sweden, situated in Umeå. The hospital employs 5,600 people.

It is also a teaching hospital for Umeå University, with the Faculty of Medicine as the responsible authority; 13 departments and two science centres, 12 undergraduate academic programmes, and several master programmes. 
Within the faculty there are about 3,400 undergraduate and 600 postgraduate students, and about 1,200 staff, of which about 45 percent are teachers/researchers.
Hoit, Price and Barnes
Hoit, Price & Barnes was a prominent Kansas City architectural firm in the early 20th century. It designed several skyscrapers and mansions, including three of the current ten tallest buildings in Kansas City: the Kansas City Power and Light Building, 909 Walnut, and Oak Tower.

909 Walnut
909 Walnut (formerly Fidelity National Bank & Trust Building, Federal Office Building and 911 Walnut) is a twin-spired, 35-story, 471-foot (144 m) residential skyscraper in Downtown Kansas City, Missouri. It was Missouri's tallest apartment building until the conversion of the Kansas City Power & Light building and the tenth-tallest habitable building in Missouri.

In 1997, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Kazuya Yoshii
Kazuya Yoshii (吉井和哉, Yoshii Kazuya; born October 8, 1966 in Tokyo) is a Japanese musician and singer-songwriter. He is best known as lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the rock band The Yellow Monkey. When they went on hiatus in 2001, before officially disbanding three years later, Yoshii started a solo career in 2003 under the name Yoshii Lovinson. He switched back to his old name in 2006 and The Yellow Monkey reformed in 2016.

The Yellow Monkey
The Yellow Monkey, sometimes abbreviated as Yemon (Japanese: イエモン, Hepburn: Iemon), is a Japanese rock band originally active from 1988 to 2001, before officially disbanding in 2004. They announced their reformation in 2016.

The band's name was derived from the ethnic slur that Japanese people look like monkeys, and that Asian people are said to be "yellow" in skin color. The Yellow Monkey is considered an important Japanese rock group, having achieved major success selling 10 million records, including 6.2 million singles. The group has had three consecutive number one albums, 18 top ten singles and in 2003 were ranked number 81 on HMV's list of the 100 most important Japanese pop acts. Outside Japan the band is best known for their song "Tactics", one of the many ending themes of the Rurouni Kenshin anime.
Powada
The powada (Marathi: पोवाडा) is a genre of Marathi poetry that was  during the late 17th century in India. Powada, which means ‘to glorify’, is a traditional Marathi ballad that traces its history to more than 750 years Powadas often glorified and celebrated deeds of popular folk figures and leaders such as Chhatrapati Shivaji and Tanaji Malusare, and were also written to raise awareness on social issues such as female foeticide, dowry and corruption. Powadas were also used as a medium to create awareness during Samyukta Maharashtra movement.

Powada is also a genre of poetry popular in Uttarakhand, specifically that glorifies warriors. It is popular in Kumaun and Garhwal regions of the state and is sung, performed, or narrated on various occasions. It is also known as "Bhada"

Tanaji Malusare
Tanaji Kaloji Malusare or Subedar Tanaji Malusare was a military commander of the Maratha kingdom and a companion of Shivaji Maharaj.

local poet Tulsidas, wrote a powada describing Subhedar Tanaji's heroics and sacrifice of life in the Battle of Sinhagad, which has since made him a popular figure in Indian folklore.
U.S. Route 41
U.S. Route 41, also U.S. Highway 41 (US 41), is a major north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs from Miami, Florida, to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Until 1949, the part in southern Florida, from Naples to Miami, was US 94. The highway's southern terminus is in the Brickell neighborhood of Downtown Miami at an intersection with Brickell Avenue (US 1), and its northern terminus is east of Copper Harbor, Michigan, at a modest cul-de-sac near Fort Wilkins Historic State Park at the tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula. US 41 is closely paralleled by Interstate 75 (I-75) from Naples, Florida, all the way through Georgia to Chattanooga, Tennessee.

Naples, Florida
Naples is a city in Collier County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,115, down from 19,539 at the 2010 census. Naples is a principal city of the Naples–Marco Island metropolitan area, which had a population of about 375,752 as of 2020.

Naples is the self-titled "Golf Capital of the World" with the second-most golf holes per capita and the most holes of any city in Florida. The city is also known for being appealing to retirees, who make up a large percentage of the population.
Minna Lewinson
Minna Lewinson (June 28, 1897 – November 19, 1938) was an American journalist and joint winner of the 1918 Pulitzer Prize for Newspaper History with Henry Beetle Hough. She is notable as the first woman to win a journalism Pulitzer Prize or work for The Wall Street Journal.

Henry Beetle Hough
Henry Beetle Hough (November 8, 1896 – June 6, 1985) was an American journalist. He was the owner, editor and publisher of the Vineyard Gazette. Hough was known for winning the Pulitzer Prize for Newspaper History with Minna Lewinson in 1918.
Chandra Chakori
Chandra Chakori  (transl. A patridge enamored by the moon) is a 2003 Indian Kannada-language romance drama film directed by S. Narayan and produced by H. D. Kumaraswamy and Anitha Kumaraswamy under Chennambika Films. The film stars debutants Sriimurali, Priya S Chhabria, Naaz and Srinagara Kitty in the lead roles, while Sundar Raj, Doddanna and Ashok appear in supporting roles.

H. D. Kumaraswamy
Haradanahalli Devegowda Kumaraswamy (born 16 December 1959) is an Indian politician and film producer who is serving as the 21st Minister of Heavy Industries and 14th Minister of Steel of India since 2024. He also served as the 18th Chief Minister of Karnataka from 2018 to 2019 and previously from 2006 to 2007. He was also the leader of the opposition in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from 2013 to 2014. He is currently the president of the Karnataka State Janata Dal (Secular). He is a member of Lok Sabha, having been elected from Mandya and the former member of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from Channapatna from 2018 to 2024, Ramanagara from 2004 to 2009 and from 2013 to 2018. He is the son of former Chief Minister of Karnataka & Prime Minister of India H. D. Deve Gowda.
Hiro Mashima's Playground
Hiro Mashima's Playground (Japanese: ましまえん, Hepburn: Mashima-en) is a Japanese anthology of manga written and illustrated by Hiro Mashima. It collects eight one-shots originally published in Kodansha's Weekly Shōnen Magazine between 1998 and 2003. The anthology was released as two volumes in Japan in December 2003, and as one volume in North America in 2018.

Hiro Mashima
Hiro Mashima (真島 ヒロ, Mashima Hiro; born May 3, 1977) is a Japanese manga artist. He gained success with his first serial Rave Master, published in Kodansha's Weekly Shōnen Magazine from 1999 to 2005. His best-selling work, Fairy Tail, published in the same magazine from 2006 to 2017, became one of the best-selling manga series with over 72 million copies in print.

Fairy Tail won the Kodansha Manga Award for shōnen manga in 2009, and Mashima was given the Harvey Awards International Spotlight award in 2017 and the Fauve Special Award at the 2018 Angoulême International Comics Festival.
Chosen-plaintext attack
A chosen-plaintext attack (CPA) is an attack model for cryptanalysis which presumes that the attacker can obtain the ciphertexts for arbitrary plaintexts. The goal of the attack is to gain information that reduces the security of the encryption scheme.

Modern ciphers aim to provide semantic security, also known as ciphertext indistinguishability under chosen-plaintext attack, and they are therefore, by design, generally immune to chosen-plaintext attacks if correctly implemented.

Plaintext
In cryptography, plaintext usually means unencrypted information pending input into cryptographic algorithms, usually encryption algorithms. This usually refers to data that is transmitted or stored unencrypted.
The Idols with Sid Vicious
The Idols with Sid Vicious is a concert album of former Sex Pistols bassist Sid Vicious performing with The Idols; though recorded in September 1978, it wasn't released until 1993. Steve Dior provided a recording of this performance to the New Rose record label.  It was originally released by the Fan Club division of New Rose.  It was also released in Japan by Teichiku Records, under license from New Rose.

Sid Vicious
Simon John Ritchie (better known by his stage name Sid Vicious; 10 May 1957 – 2 February 1979) was an English musician, best known as the second bassist for the punk rock band Sex Pistols. After his death in 1979 at the age of 21, he remained an icon of the punk subculture; one of his friends noted that he embodied "everything in punk that was dark, decadent and nihilistic."
Party of Labour of Albania
The Party of Labour of Albania (Albanian: Partia e Punës e Shqipërisë, PPSh), was the ruling and sole legal party of Albania during the communist period (1944–1991). It was founded on 8 November 1941 as the Communist Party of Albania (Partia Komuniste e Shqipërisë, PKSh) but changed its name in 1948 following a recommendation by Joseph Stalin. The party dissolved on 13 June 1991 and refounded itself as the Socialist Party of Albania. For most of its existence, the party was dominated by its first leader, Enver Hoxha, who was also the dictator of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985.

Democratic Front of Albania
The Democratic Front of Albania (FDSH) (Albanian: Fronti Demokratik i Shqipërisë) was the largest mass organization of the Party of Labour of Albania (known between 1941 and 1948 as the Communist Party of Albania), which united all other mass organizations of the Party within it. The party was responsible for carrying out the Party's cultural and social programs to the masses, and was in charge of nominating candidates in elections.
Jelly Christmas
Jelly Christmas is a series of annually released special winter single albums by Jellyfish Entertainment which includes six Christmas singles from their artists. The singles were released on different dates, across six years.

Jellyfish Entertainment
Jellyfish Entertainment (Korean: 젤리피쉬엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean entertainment company established by composer and producer Hwang Se-jun in Seoul, South Korea.

Jellyfish Entertainment is the home of artists including Jang Hye-jin, VIXX, Verivery, Evnne and formerly gugudan, Park Yoon-ha. The agency is also the home of actors including Kim Sun-young, Kim Se-jeong, and Lim Seul-ong.
Nick Bakay
Nicholas Bakay (/bəˈkaɪ/; born October 8, 1959) is an American actor, comedian, writer, producer and sports commentator. He is known as the voice of Salem Saberhagen on ABC/The WB's Sabrina the Teenage Witch and Sabrina: The Animated Series, and Norbert Beaver on The Angry Beavers. He played Karl on the Fox sitcom 'Til Death as well as serving as a producer of the show. He was also one of the executive producers of the CBS sitcom Mom.

'Til Death
'Til Death is an American sitcom that aired on Fox from September 7, 2006, to June 20, 2010. The series was created by husband and wife team Josh Goldsmith and Cathy Yuspa, who were also the writers and executive producers. The show focuses on Eddie and Joy Stark (Brad Garrett and Joely Fisher), a couple married for 23 years who live in a suburb of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The series was produced by Goldsmith/Yuspa Productions (seasons 1–3), Impact Zone Productions (season 4) and Sony Pictures Television.
Renault 5
The Renault 5 is a supermini car produced by the French manufacturer Renault from 1972 to 1996 over two generations. It is a hatchback with either three or five doors and seating for five passengers. The first generation (also known as the R5 or Le Car), which was made from 1972 to 1985, has a front mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout. The second generation (also known as the Super 5 or Supercinq), which was produced from 1984 to 1996, has a front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout.

The R5 was marketed in the United States and Canada as Le Car, from 1976 until 1983. Renault marketed a four-door saloon car variant, the Renault 7, manufactured from 1974 until 1984 in Spain by Renault's subsidiary FASA-Renault and exported to select markets.

The Renault 5 became the best-selling car in France from 1972 until 1986, with a total production exceeding 5.5 million over 14 years, making it France's most popular car.

Renault 9 and 11
The Renault 9 and Renault 11 are small family cars produced by the French manufacturer Renault from 1981 to 1989 in saloon (Renault 9) and hatchback (Renault 11) configurations — both were styled by the French automobile designer, Robert Opron.

Variants were manufactured by American Motors Corporation (AMC), as the Renault Alliance and Renault Encore for the North American market. The car was produced in Turkey until 2000.

The models use a transverse front-wheel drive engine configuration, and feature four wheel independent suspension. They were chosen as the European Car of the Year in 1982, as well as the Car of the Year by Motor Trend and one of the 10Best by Car and Driver in 1983.
Campo de Santana (park)
The Campo de Santana is a park located in the Praça da República in downtown Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The name of the plaza refers to the fact that it is located near the site where Brazil was declared a republic in 1889.

Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)
The Proclamation of the Republic (Portuguese: Proclamação da República) was a military coup d'état that established the First Brazilian Republic on November 15, 1889. It abolished the constitutional monarchy of the Empire of Brazil and ended the reign of Emperor Pedro II.

The coup took place in Rio de Janeiro, the capital of the Empire at the time, when a group of military officers of the Imperial Army, led by Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca, staged a coup d'état without the use of violence, deposing Emperor Pedro II and the President of the Council of Ministers of the Empire, the Viscount of Ouro Preto.

A provisional government was established that same day, with Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca as President of the Republic and head of the interim Government.
Stanley–Wilf conjecture
The Stanley–Wilf conjecture, formulated independently by Richard P. Stanley and Herbert Wilf in the late 1980s, states that the growth rate of every proper permutation class is singly exponential. It was proved by Adam Marcus and Gábor Tardos (2004) and is no longer a conjecture.  Marcus and Tardos actually proved a different conjecture, due to Zoltán Füredi and Péter Hajnal (1992), which had been shown to imply the Stanley–Wilf conjecture by Klazar (2000).

Gábor Tardos
Gábor Tardos (born 11 July 1964) is a Hungarian mathematician, currently a professor at Central European University and previously a Canada Research Chair at Simon Fraser University. He works mainly in combinatorics and computer science. He is the younger brother of Éva Tardos.
Vidhwansak
Vidhwansak (Sanskrit: "Destroyer") is an Indian multi-caliber anti-materiel rifle (AMR) or large-caliber sniper rifle manufactured by Ordnance Factory Tiruchirappalli. It can be used in the anti-materiel role for destroying enemy bunkers, lightly armoured vehicles, radar systems, communication equipment, parked aircraft, fuel storage facilities, etc. It is also effective in long-range sniping, counter sniping, and ordnance disposal roles.

Denel NTW-20
The NTW-20 is a South African anti-materiel rifle, developed by Denel Mechem in the 1990s. It is intended for deployment against targets including parked aircraft, telecommunication masts, power lines, missile sites, radar installations, refineries, satellite dishes, gun emplacements, bunkers, and personnel, using a range of specialised projectiles.: 223
Kamikawa, Hyōgo
Kamikawa (神河町, Kamikawa-chō) is a town located in Kanzaki District, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2022, the town had an estimated population of 10,794 in 4220 households and a population density of 53 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 202.23 square kilometres (78.08 sq mi).

Kanzaki District, Hyōgo
Kanzaki (神崎郡, Kanzaki-gun) is a district located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district has an estimated population of 67,363 and a density of 185.93 persons per km2. The total area is 362.31 km2.
CodeGear
CodeGear is a wholly owned division of Embarcadero Technologies. CodeGear develops software development tools such as the Delphi Integrated development environment, the programming language Delphi, and the database server InterBase. Originally a division of Borland Software Corporation, it was launched on 14 November 2006.

Embarcadero Technologies
Embarcadero Technologies, Inc. is a U.S.-based computer software company that develops, manufactures, licenses and supports products and services related to software through several product divisions. It was founded in 1993, went public in 2000 and private in 2007, and became a division of Idera, Inc. in 2015.