hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grays, Essex
Grays, historically also known as Grays Thurrock, is the largest town and administrative headquarters of the borough of Thurrock, in Essex, England. The town is located on the north bank of the River Thames, approximately 20 miles (32 km) to the east of central London, and 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the M25 motorway. Its economy is linked to Port of London industries, its own offices, retail and the Lakeside Shopping Centre at West Thurrock. At the 2021 census the Grays built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which does not include the adjoining Chafford Hundred) had a population of 44,345.

Grays Thurrock was an ancient parish. It was abolished as a civil parish in 1936 on the creation of Thurrock Urban District, which in turn became the modern borough of Thurrock in 1974. Grays Thurrock remains the name of one of Thurrock's Church of England parishes.

West Thurrock
West Thurrock is an area the borough of Thurrock in Essex, England. It lies 18 miles (29 km) east of Charing Cross, London. West Thurrock was historically a parish; the parish was abolished for civil purposes in 1936 when West Thurrock became part of Thurrock.
Prakasam district
Prakasam district named in honour of Tanguturi Prakasam is in the coastal Andhra region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It was reorganised on 4 April 2022 and 31 December 2025. The headquarters of the district is Ongole.  It is bounded by Bapatla, Palnadu, Markapuram, Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore districts and Bay of Bengal.

Bapatla district
Bapatla district is a district in coastal Andhra in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh (AP) established on 4 April 2022. The administrative headquarters are in Bapatla. It has an Indian Air Force station and several universities.
Ena Shibahara
Ena Shibahara (柴原 瑛菜, Shibahara Ena; born 12 February 1998) is an American-born Japanese professional tennis player.
She reached her career-high rankings of world No. 4 in doubles on 21 March 2022 and No. 116 in singles on 14 July 2025. Shibahara has won eleven doubles titles on the WTA Tour, including two WTA 1000, the 2021 Miami Open and the 2023 National Bank Open.

Shibahara won her first major title at the 2022 French Open, alongside Wesley Koolhof in mixed doubles. Partnering with Shuko Aoyama, she reached the women's doubles finals at the 2023 Australian Open, in addition to the semifinals at the 2021 Wimbledon Championships, the 2022 Australian Open, and at the 2021 WTA Finals.

She made her Billie Jean King Cup debut for Japan in 2020, and also participated in the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo. Until July 2019, Shibahara represented her country of birth, the United States.

Shuko Aoyama
Shuko Aoyama (青山 修子, Aoyama Shūko; born 19 December 1987) is a Japanese professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.

Aoyama turned professional after graduating from Waseda University. She reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 182, on 9 February 2015, and a doubles ranking of world No. 4, on 28 February 2022. She plays predominantly in doubles and has won 20 titles on the WTA Tour, having had her most successful Grand Slam appearances at the 2023 Australian Open final and at Wimbledon, reaching the semifinals at the 2013 and 2021 tournaments. She has also won four singles and 30 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.
South African Class NG G16 2-6-2+2-6-2
The South African Railways Class NG G16 2-6-2+2-6-2 is a narrow gauge steam locomotive class.

Between 1937 and 1968, the South African Railways placed 34 Class NG G16 Garratt articulated 2-6-2+2-6-2 steam locomotives in service on the Avontuur Railway and on the Natal narrow gauge lines.

2-6-2+2-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, 2-6-2+2-6-2 is an articulated locomotive using a pair of 2-6-2 power units back to back, with the boiler and cab suspended between them. The 2-6-2 wheel arrangement has a single pair of leading wheels in a leading truck, followed by three coupled pairs of driving wheels and a pair of trailing wheels in a trailing truck. This wheel arrangement could be called a Double Prairie, as all locomotives of this type are effectively two 2-6-2's that always run together.
Young German Order
The Young German Order (German: Jungdeutscher Orden, shortened form Jungdo) was a nationalist-liberal association founded by Artur Mahraun in the early years of the Weimar Republic. It grew out of a Freikorps unit but kept its paramilitary structure for only a few years before it turned away from the political Right. It differed from other similar associations in its organisation and customs, which were based on the medieval Teutonic Order, and in its political aims. Mahraun hoped to overcome class and social differences in German society by instilling it with the camaraderie that front-line soldiers had experienced during World War I.

Most of its members belonged to the middle classes. It was antisemitic and in favour of reconciliation with France. It achieved its historical prominence through its brief merger with the left-liberal German Democratic Party to form the German State Party in 1930. It was banned when the Nazi Party came to power in 1933.

German State Party
The German State Party (German: Deutsche Staatspartei or DStP) was a short-lived German political party of the Weimar Republic. The party was formed on 28 July 1930 by the merger of the German Democratic Party with the People's National Reich Association (the political wing of the Young German Order).
Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria
Joseph Ferdinand Leopold of Bavaria (28 October 1692 – 6 February 1699) was the son of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (1679–1705, 1714–1726) and his first wife, Maria Antonia of Austria, daughter of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, maternal granddaughter of King Philip IV of Spain.

Maximilian II Emanuel
Maximilian II (11 July 1662 – 26 February 1726), also known as Max Emanuel or Maximilian Emanuel, was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire. He was also the last governor of the Spanish Netherlands and Duke of Luxembourg. An able soldier, his ambition led to conflicts that limited his ultimate dynastic achievements.

He was born in Munich to Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria and Princess Henriette Adelaide of Savoy.
CIXL-FM
CIXL-FM is a Canadian radio station, broadcasting in Welland, Ontario. It uses the on-air brand name Classic Rock 91.7 Giant FM, and broadcasts a classic rock format at 91.7 MHz. It is one of the few commercial FM radio stations on its frequency that can be heard in the United States, where frequencies between 88.1 and 91.9 MHz are set aside for noncommercial stations (a stipulation not required in Canada, CIXL's originating country). CIXL's geographical position puts it in direct competition with Buffalo's WGRF, along with CFLZ-FM in Fort Erie and the CN Tower-transmitting CHBM-FM from Toronto.

Giant FM's studios are located on Forks Road on the Port Colborne–Welland line, with its transmitter located on Matthews Road in Welland.

CFLZ-FM
CFLZ-FM (101.1 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada, serving the Niagara Region and the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area. It is owned by Byrnes Communications and it broadcasts an adult hits format, known as 101.1 More FM.  CFLZ's studios and offices are on Ontario Avenue in Niagara Falls.

CFLZ-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 50,000 watts.  The transmitter is on Kraft Road in Fort Erie, near Ontario Highway 3.
Al Shamal
Al Shamal (Arabic: ٱلشَّمَال, romanized: Ash Shamāl, lit. 'the north') is a municipality in Qatar. Its seat is Madinat ash Shamal and it is considered to be one of the major cities in Qatar, although its population is barely over 7,000. The seat's name translates to "city of the north".

Ras Rakan, the Qatar Peninsula's northernmost point, is included in the municipality, and is surrounded by the Persian Gulf in all directions except for the south. It borders the municipality of Al Khor. The municipality is divided into three primary zones.

Ras Rakan
Ras Rakan (Arabic: رأس راكان) is the northernmost point in the Qatari Peninsula and is located in Al Shamal. It is the north-western point of an islet called Jazirat Ras Rakan, but as the channel between this islet and the mainland is not passable for boats, Jazirat Ras Rakan may be regarded as forming the northern extremity of the promontory.
Prospect, Kentucky
Prospect is a home rule-class city in Jefferson and Oldham counties in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The Jefferson County portion is a part of the Louisville Metro government. The population was 4,592 as of the 2020 census, down from 4,698 at the time of the 2010 census. It is one of the wealthiest communities in Kentucky.

Oldham County, Kentucky
Oldham County is a county located in the north central part of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 67,607. Its county seat is La Grange. The county is named for Colonel William Oldham.

Oldham County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Oldham County is the wealthiest county in Kentucky and 47th-wealthiest county in the U.S. (and 37th in the U.S. by median income) and ranks as the most educated county in Kentucky. While the causes for this are complicated, areas east of Louisville have long been popular with wealthy residents, initially as summer residences and eventually as year-round suburban estates and bedroom communities. Oldham County lies northeast of the best known of these areas, Anchorage, just outside Louisville's pre-merger East End.
Meghna River
The Meghna (Bengali: মেঘনা, romanized: Mēghnā) is one of the major rivers in Bangladesh, one of the three that form the Ganges Delta, the largest delta on earth, which fans out to the Bay of Bengal. A part of the Surma-Meghna River System, the Meghna is formed inside Bangladesh in Kishoreganj District above the town of Bhairab Bazar by the joining of the Surma and the Kushiyara, both of which originate in the hilly regions of eastern India as the Barak River. The Meghna meets its major tributary, the Padma, in Chandpur District. Other major tributaries of the Meghna include the Dhaleshwari, the Gumti, and the Feni. The Meghna empties into the Bay of Bengal in Bhola District via four principal mouths, named Tetulia (Ilsha), Shahbazpur, Hatia, and Bamni.

Kushiyara River
The Kushiyara (Bengali: কুশিয়ারা নদী, romanized: Kuśiara Nôdi) is a transboundary river in Bangladesh and Assam, India. It forms on the India-Bangladesh border as a branch of the Barak River, when the Barak bifurcates into the Kushiyara and Surma. The waters that eventually form the Kushiyara originate in the uplands of the state of Assam and pick up tributaries from Nagaland and Manipur.
Indian Hills, Kentucky
Indian Hills is a home rule-class city along the Ohio River in Jefferson County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 2,860 as of the 2020 census. Indian Hills and the nearby cities of Mockingbird Valley, Glenview, and Anchorage have been cited as Louisville's most prosperous suburbs since the mid-20th century. Indian Hills was among the nation's highest-income places as of the 2000 U.S. census.

Glenview, Kentucky
Glenview is a 6th-class city along the southern bank of the Ohio River in northeastern Jefferson County, Kentucky, United States. As of the 2020 census, Glenview had a population of 596.

Glenview has the 2nd-highest per capita income within Kentucky and the 74th-highest in the United States. The city is known for its old estate homes on high bluffs overlooking the Ohio River.
Grangetown, North Yorkshire
Grangetown is an area in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland, North Yorkshire, England. The area is 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Middlesbrough and 4 miles (6.4 km) south-west of Redcar.

It is part of Greater Eston, which includes the area and the other centres of Eston, Normanby, South Bank, Teesville and part of Ormesby.

Redcar and Cleveland
Redcar and Cleveland is a unitary authority area with borough status in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. Its council has been a unitary authority since 1996.

The borough was created in 1974 as Langbaurgh, and was one of four boroughs in the non-metropolitan county of Cleveland. It was renamed Langbaurgh-on-Tees in 1988, and given its present name when Cleveland was abolished in 1996; the borough was made a unitary authority in the same year. Redcar and Cleveland is part of the Tees Valley combined authority, which also includes the boroughs of Darlington, Middlesbrough, Hartlepool and Stockton-on-Tees; the latter three were also formerly in Cleveland County.

Its main settlement is the town of Redcar. Other notable towns and villages include South Bank, Eston, Brotton, Guisborough, Greater Eston, Loftus, Saltburn-by-the-Sea and Skelton.
Philoxenite
Philoxenite was a Late Antique settlement located on the shores of Lake Mariout, near modern Ḥawwārīya, Egypt. Established in the mid-6th century AD during the reign of Byzantine emperor Justinian I, it functioned as a planned urban center built to facilitate Christian pilgrimage between Alexandria and the monastic complex of Abu Mena. Built on the ruins of an earlier Roman settlement, Philoxenite featured modular construction, with rest houses, depositories, porticos, baths, an agora, and a port serving both religious and commercial functions. It is regarded as a unique example of Byzantine urban planning.

Abu Mena
Abu Mena (also spelled Abu Mina; Coptic: ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲏⲛⲁ; Arabic: أبو مينا, romanized: Abū Mīnā  pronounced [æbuˈmæyːnæ]) was a town, monastery complex and Christian pilgrimage centre in Late Antique Egypt, about 50 km (31 mi) southwest of Alexandria, near New Borg El Arab city. Its remains were designated a World Heritage Site in 1979 for the site's importance in early Christianity. There are very few standing remains, but the foundations of most major buildings, such as the great basilica, are easily discernible.

Recent agricultural efforts in the area have led to a significant rise in the water table, which has caused a number of the site's buildings to collapse or become unstable. The site was added to the List of World Heritage in Danger in 2001, and was finally removed from the list in 2025. Authorities were forced to place sand in the bases of buildings that are most endangered in the site.
Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta
The Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta (also the General Presidency of Scholarly Research and Ifta, Arabic: اللجنة الدائمة للبحوث العلمية والإفتاء, romanized: al-Lajna ad-Dāʾima lil-Buḥūṯ al-ʿIlmiyya wal-Iftāʾ) is an Islamic organization in Saudi Arabia established by the King that issues rulings in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and prepares research papers for the Council of Senior Scholars, which advises the king on religious matters.  Its members are drawn from the Council of Senior Scholars, of which it is a committee, and consist of the most senior Sunni scholars of fiqh in Saudi Arabia, including the Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia as its head. The issuance of fataawa in Saudi Arabia is limited to members of the Council of Senior Scholars and a few other clerics.

Council of Senior Scholars (Saudi Arabia)
The Council of Senior Scholars (Arabic: هيئة كبار العلماء, romanized: Hay'at Kibar al-‘Ulama), also known as the Senior Council of Ulama, is the highest religious authority in Saudi Arabia, and serves as an advisory body to the king on religious matters. Members of the council is appointed by the king and receive salaries from the government. As of 2024, the council consists of 21 members.

King Fahd continued the practice established by his predecessors of meeting weekly with council members who residing in the capital, Riyadh.  In 2010, King Abdullah decreed that only members of the Council and a select group of other Islamic scholars were authorized to issue fatwas in Saudi Arabia.
Phillipsburg Commercial Historic District
The Phillipsburg Commercial Historic District is a 12.7-acre (5.1 ha) historic district in the town of Phillipsburg in Warren County, New Jersey, United States. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 8, 2008, for its local history and representative late 19th and early 20th century commercial structures. It has 66 contributing buildings, including the individually listed Lander–Stewart Mansion and Stites Building, and 4 contributing structures.

Lander–Stewart Mansion and Stites Building
The Lander–Stewart Mansion and Stites Building are two historic houses in the town of Phillipsburg in Warren County, New Jersey, United States. The Lander–Stewart Mansion, built c. 1880, is at 102 South Main Street and the adjoining Stites–Lander Townhouse, built c. 1835, is at 104 South Main Street. They were added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 25, 2008, for their significance in architecture. They were listed as contributing properties of the Phillipsburg Commercial Historic District on October 8, 2008.
Julius Elias, 1st Viscount Southwood
Julius Salter Elias, 1st Viscount Southwood (5 January 1873 – 10 April 1946), was a British newspaper proprietor, Labour politician and hereditary peer. He rose from humble origins to become head of Odhams Press, Britain's largest newspaper and printing combine.

Odhams Press
Odhams Press Ltd was a British publishing company, operating from 1920 to 1968. Originally a magazine publisher, Odhams later expanded into book publishing and then children's comics. The company was acquired by Fleetway Publications in 1961 and then IPC Magazines in 1963. In its final incarnation, Odhams was known for its Power Comics line of titles, notable for publishing reprints of American Marvel Comics superheroes.
By-elections to the 7th Moscow City Duma
By-elections to the 7th Moscow City Duma are held to fill vacancies in the Russian regional parliament between the 2019 election and the 2024 election.

According to article 82 of the Moscow Electoral Code, by-elections are appointed by the Moscow Electoral Commission. By-elections are not appointed and are not held if, as a result of these elections, a Deputy cannot be elected for a term of more than one year before the end of the constitutional term for which the Moscow City Duma was elected. The Federal Law establishes the second Sunday of September (single voting day) as the date for any regional election, including by-elections.

The first by-elections were held on 17–19 September 2021, in two constituencies.

Candidates endorsed by Aleksey Navalny's Smart Voting are marked with a (*) in the list below.

2019 Moscow City Duma election
Election to the 7th convocation of the Moscow City Duma took place on the United Voting Day on 8 September 2019. The elections were held under first-past-the-post voting system, which saw 45 deputies being elected in their respective single-member districts amidst the 2019 Moscow protests, which saw huge rallies in support of independent opposition candidates. The term of the new Duma will be five years.
Christopher Sclater Millard
Christopher Sclater Millard (7 November 1872 – 21 November 1927) was the author of the first bibliography of the works of Oscar Wilde as well as several books on Wilde. Millard's bibliography was instrumental in enabling Wilde's literary executor, Robert Baldwin Ross, to establish copyright on behalf of his estate.

Robbie Ross
Robert Baldwin Ross (25 May 1869 – 5 October 1918) was a British journalist, art critic and art dealer, best known for his relationship with Oscar Wilde, to whom he was a devoted friend, lover and literary executor. A grandson of the Canadian reform leader Robert Baldwin, and son of John Ross and Augusta Elizabeth Baldwin, Ross was a pivotal figure on the London literary and artistic scene from the mid-1890s to his early death, and mentored several literary figures, including Siegfried Sassoon. His open homosexuality, in a period when male homosexual acts were illegal, brought him many hardships.
OpenCola (drink)
OpenCola is a brand of open-source cola whose list of ingredients and preparation instructions are freely available and modifiable. Anybody can make the drink, and anyone can modify and improve on the recipe. It was launched in 2001 by the later-defunct free software P2P company Opencola, to promote their company.

Open-source cola
Open-source cola is any cola soft drink produced according to a published and shareable recipe. Unlike the secretive Coca-Cola formula, the recipes are openly published and their re-use is encouraged. The texts of OpenCola and Cube-Cola recipes are published under the GNU General Public License (GPL).
Cédric Wermuth
Cédric Wermuth (German pronunciation: [ˈseːdrɪk ˈvɛʁmuːt]; born 19 February 1986) is a Swiss politician who currently serves on the National Council for the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland since 2011. He currently also serves as co-president of the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (SP) along with Mattea Meyer. He has formerly served as president of the Young Socialists of Switzerland (JUSO) and also a former vice president of the SP.

Mattea Meyer
Mattea Julia Meyer (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [maˈteːa ˈmaɪər]; born 9 November 1987) is a Swiss politician who currently serves as member of the National Council for the Social Democratic Party since 2015. Concurrently she co-chairs the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland together with Cédric Wermuth. Previously, Meyer served on the Cantonal Council of Zürich from 2011 to 2015.
75th Fighter Squadron
The 75th Fighter Squadron (75 FS) is a United States Air Force unit.   It is assigned to the 23d Fighter Group, Air Combat Command and stationed at Moody Air Force Base, Georgia.
The squadron is equipped with the Fairchild Republic A-10C Thunderbolt II attack aircraft.

During World War II, the 75th Fighter Squadron was one of the three original squadrons (74th, 75th, 76th) of the 23rd Fighter Group.

On 17 December 1941, the American Volunteer Group (AVG) 2nd Fighter Squadron was redesignated as the 23rd Pursuit Group 75th Pursuit Squadron and subsequently the 75th Fighter Squadron.

23rd Fighter Group
The 23rd Fighter Group is a United States Air Force unit. It is assigned to the 23rd Wing and stationed at Moody Air Force Base, Georgia.

The group was established in World War II as the 23rd Pursuit Group of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF). Redesignated the 23rd Fighter Group before its activation, the group was formed in China on 4 July 1942, as a component of the China Air Task Force and received a small cadre of volunteer personnel from the simultaneously disbanded 1st American Volunteer Group (AVG) – the "Flying Tigers" of the Chinese Air Force.

To carry on the traditions and commemorate the history of the AVG, aircraft of the USAF 23rd Fighter Group carry the same "Shark Teeth" nose art of the AVG's Curtiss P-40 Warhawks, along with the "FT" (Flying Tiger) tail code. The 23rd Fighter Group's aircraft are the only United States Air Force aircraft currently authorized to carry this distinctive and historical aircraft marking.