hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amman Bus Rapid Transit
Amman Bus Rapid Transit (Arabic: الباص سريع التردد, romanized: al-Bāṣ Sarī‘ al-Taradod) is a bus rapid transit transportation system in Amman, Jordan.

Construction work on the BRT system started in 2010, but was halted soon after amid feasibility concerns. Resuming in 2015, the BRT system's routes were gradually inaugurated starting 2021. Another BRT service connecting Amman with Zarqa started operations in May 2024.

The BRT system in Amman consists of two routes: the first from Sweileh in northwest Amman to the Ras Al-Ain area next to downtown Amman, and the second from Sweileh to Mahatta terminal in eastern Amman. Both routes meet at the Sports City intersection.

Amman-Zarqa Bus Rapid Transit
The Amman-Zarqa Bus Rapid Transit (Arabic: الباص السريع بين عمان والزرقاء) is a project to address the transportation issues within and between two of the biggest Jordanian cities, the capital Amman and the nearby industrial city of Zarqa. The project cost around 153 million dinars and began operations on 15 May 2024.

On December 2024, Route 104 was added to connect Sweileh BRT Terminal to Zarqa BRT Terminal directly without needing to stop for another bus at Sports City Circle.
Bend (heraldry)
In heraldry, a bend is a band or strap running from the upper dexter (the bearer's right side and the viewer's left) corner of the shield to the lower sinister (the bearer's left side, and the viewer's right). Authorities differ as to how much of the field it should cover, ranging from one-fifth (if shown between other charges) up to one-third (if charged alone).

Dexter and sinister
Dexter and sinister are terms used in heraldry to refer to specific locations in an escutcheon bearing a coat of arms, and to the other elements of an achievement. Dexter (Latin for 'right') indicates the right-hand side of the shield, as regarded by the bearer, i.e. the bearer's proper right, and to the left as seen by the viewer. Sinister (Latin for 'left') indicates the left-hand side as regarded by the bearer – the bearer's proper left, and to the right as seen by the viewer.

In vexillology, the terms hoist and fly are preferred, although these are not direct equivalents, as their meaning varies with the direction in which the flag is flying.
A Disappearing Number
A Disappearing Number is a 2007 play co-written and devised by the Théâtre de Complicité company and directed and conceived by English playwright Simon McBurney. It was inspired by the collaboration during the 1910s between the pure mathematicians Srinivasa Ramanujan from India, and the Cambridge University don G.H. Hardy.

It was a co-production between the UK-based theatre company Complicite and Theatre Royal, Plymouth, and Ruhrfestspiele, Wiener Festwochen, and the Holland Festival. A Disappearing Number premiered in Plymouth in March 2007, toured internationally, and played at The Barbican Centre in Autumn 2007 and 2008 and at Lincoln Center in July 2010. It was directed by Simon McBurney with music by Nitin Sawhney.  The production is 110 minutes with no intermission.

The piece was co-devised and written by the cast and company. The cast in order of appearance: Firdous Bamji, Saskia Reeves, David Annen, Paul Bhattacharjee, Shane Shambu, Divya Kasturi and Chetna Pandya.

Simon McBurney
Simon Montagu McBurney, OBE (born 25 August 1957), is an English actor, playwright, and theatre and opera director. He is the founder and artistic director of the Théâtre de Complicité, London. He has had roles in the films The Manchurian Candidate (2004), Friends with Money, The Last King of Scotland (both 2006), The Golden Compass (2007), The Duchess (2008), Robin Hood, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (both 2010), Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (2011), Magic in the Moonlight, The Theory of Everything (both 2014), Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation (2015), and Nosferatu (2024). He played Cecil the choirmaster in BBC's The Vicar of Dibley (1994–2004).
Gaspereau Lake
Gaspereau Lake is a lake in  Kings County, Nova Scotia, Canada,
about 10 km south of the town of Kentville, Nova Scotia on the South Mountain.
It is the largest lake in Kings County, and the fifth largest lake in Nova Scotia.
The lake is shallow with dozens of forested islands and hundreds of rocky islets (skerries).

The water level of the lake is controlled by Nova Scotia Power.  At the natural outlet to the Gaspereau River, in the north-east corner of the lake, there is a control dam and fish ladder. Another control dam at the south-east corner of the lake controls outflow to a canal which diverts water to hydroelectricity stations on the lower sections of the Gaspereau River system.

In late spring the namesake fish, gaspereau (alewife) migrate from the ocean up the Gaspereau River, and spawn in the shallow waters of Gaspereau Lake.

Gaspereau River (Nova Scotia)
The Gaspereau River is a river in Kings County, Nova Scotia, Canada.

It has a length of approximately 24 km from its source at Gaspereau Lake on the South Mountain south of Kentville to its mouth at Hortonville on the Minas Basin. The lower portion of the river is tidal for 6.5 km until Melanson and there are extensive tidal marshes in the lower reaches. The upper 16 km runs swiftly over gravel beds, boulders and bedrock, except for several dammed sections which form narrow and deep channels. Damming for Hydroelectric generation has resulted in twelve major lakes being connected to the river creating a watershed of 1,375 square kilometres. A major tributary is the Black River which joins the Gaspeareau at White Rock. The Black River once flowed further north into the Cornwallis River but connected to the Gaspereau through a natural erosion process known as river capture.
Walther Nernst
Walther Hermann Nernst ForMemRS (German pronunciation: [ˈvaltɐ ˈnɛʁnst] ⓘ; 25 June 1864 – 18 November 1941) was a German  physical chemist known for his work in thermodynamics, physical chemistry, electrochemistry, and solid-state physics. His formulation of the Nernst heat theorem helped pave the way for the third law of thermodynamics, for which he won the 1920 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He is also known for developing the Nernst equation in 1887.

He studied physics and mathematics at the universities of Zürich, Berlin, Graz and Würzburg, where he received his doctorate 1887. In 1889, he finished his habilitation at University of Leipzig.

Nernst equation
In electrochemistry, the Nernst equation is a  chemical thermodynamical relationship that permits the calculation of the reduction potential of a reaction (half-cell or full cell reaction) from the standard electrode potential, absolute temperature, the number of electrons involved in the redox reaction, and activities (often approximated by concentrations) of the chemical species undergoing reduction and oxidation respectively. It was named after  Walther Nernst, a German physical chemist who formulated the equation.
Georgia State Route 18
State Route 18 (SR 18) is a 147-mile-long (237 km) state highway that travels west-to-east through portions of Troup, Harris, Meriwether, Pike, Lamar, Monroe, Jones, Wilkinson, and Twiggs counties in the western and central parts of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects US 29/SR 14 in West Point, just east of the Alabama state line, with US 80/SR 19/SR 96 in Jeffersonville, via Pine Mountain, Greenville, Zebulon, Barnesville, Forsyth, Gray, and Gordon.

Jones County, Georgia
Jones County is a county in the central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,347. The county seat is Gray. The county was created on December 10, 1807, and named after U.S. Representative James Jones.
Nordic Aviation Capital
Nordic Aviation Capital (NAC) was the world leader in regional aircraft leasing and expanded into larger narrow body aircraft as well. NAC was headquartered in Ireland, with offices in Singapore, Denmark, Dubai and Toronto. It had over 60 customers in over 40 countries. The firm was merged with Dubai Aerospace in May 2025.

Dubai Aerospace Enterprise
Dubai Aerospace Enterprise Ltd (DAE) (Arabic: دبي لصناعات الطيران) is an aviation services corporation with two divisions: DAE Capital and DAE Engineering. Headquartered in Dubai, DAE serves over 200 airline customers in over 85 countries from its eight office locations in Dubai, Dublin, Limerick, Amman, Singapore, Miami, New York, and Seattle.
Levina Teerlinc
Levina Teerlinc (1510s – 23 June 1576) was a Flemish Renaissance miniaturist  who served as a painter to the English court of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I and Elizabeth I. She was the most important miniaturist at the English court between Hans Holbein the Younger and Nicholas Hilliard. Her father, Simon Bening, was a renowned book illuminator and miniature painter of the Ghent-Bruges school and probably trained her as a manuscript painter. She may have worked in her father's workshop before her marriage.

Simon Bening
Simon Bening (c. 1483 – 1561) was a Flemish miniaturist, generally regarded as the last major artist of the Netherlandish tradition.

Bening, born either in Ghent or Antwerp, was probably trained by his father, illuminator Alexander Bening, in the family workshop in Ghent. He travelled between Ghent and Bruges and became a member of the guild of San John and Saint Luke in Bruges as an illuminator in 1508. He made his own name after moving to Bruges in about 1510, where he had lived since. From 1517 to 1555 he is listed regularly in the guild's annual accounts. Bening served as a dean of the calligraphers, booksellers, illuminators and bookbinders in the Guild of Saint John and Saint Luke three separate times (1524, 1536, 1546).

He was married twice and had six daughters. Two of them continued the family artistic tradition: Levina Teerlinc became a miniature painter, mostly of portrait miniatures, and emigrated to England, and Alexandrine Claeiszuene became a successful art dealer.
Vincent Figgins
Vincent Figgins (1766 – 29 February 1844) was a British typefounder based in London, who cast and sold metal type for printing. After an apprenticeship with typefounder Joseph Jackson, he established his own type foundry in 1792. His company was extremely successful and, with its range of modern serif faces and display typefaces, had a strong influence on the styles of British printing in the nineteenth century. A successor company continued to make type until the 1970s.

Figgins introduced or popularised both slab-serif and sans-serif typefaces, which have since become two of the main genres of typeface. He was also involved in local politics as a Councilman of the City of London.

Joseph Jackson (typefounder)
Joseph Jackson (1733 – 14 January 1792) was a British engraver and typefounder who cut, cast and sold metal type. His foundry was based at Salisbury Square in London. He employed Vincent Figgins as an apprentice. He was in poor health towards the end of his life, but left a considerable fortune. He was also deacon of the Church of Christ, Barbican. He married first Elizabeth (d. 1783) and then Mary (d. 14 Sept 1792). As he was childless, on his death, his estate mostly left to his fourteen nephews and nieces and his type foundry was taken over by William Caslon III. He was buried at Spa Fields Chapel; a sermon was preached on his death by John Towers. His tombstone described him as "a truly honest man and a good Christian ... universally respected".
Barbara Hale
Barbara Hale (April 18, 1922 – January 26, 2017) was an American actress who portrayed legal secretary Della Street in the dramatic television series Perry Mason (1957–1966), earning her a 1959 Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series. She reprised the role in 30 Perry Mason made-for-television movies (1985–1995).

Perry Mason (TV film series)
A series of 30 Perry Mason television films aired on NBC from 1985 to 1995 as sequels to the CBS TV series Perry Mason. After a hiatus of nearly 20 years, Raymond Burr reprised his role as Los Angeles defense attorney Mason in 26 of the television films. Following Burr's death in 1993, Paul Sorvino and Hal Holbrook starred in the remaining television films that aired from 1993 to 1995, with Sorvino playing lawyer Anthony Caruso in the first of these and Holbrook playing "Wild Bill" McKenzie in the last three.
Teres major muscle
The teres major muscle is a muscle of the upper limb. It attaches to the scapula and the humerus and is one of the seven scapulohumeral muscles. It is a thick but somewhat flattened muscle.

The teres major muscle (from Latin teres, meaning "rounded") is positioned above the latissimus dorsi muscle and assists in the extension and medial rotation of the humerus. This muscle is commonly confused as a rotator cuff muscle, but it is not, because it does not attach to the capsule of the shoulder joint, unlike the teres minor muscle, for example.

Scapula
The scapula (pl.: scapulae or scapulas), also known as the shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). Like their connected bones, the scapulae are paired, with each scapula on either side of the body being roughly a mirror image of the other. The name derives from the Classical Latin word for trowel or small shovel, which it was thought to resemble.

In compound terms, the prefix omo- is used for the shoulder blade in medical terminology. This prefix is derived from ὦμος (ōmos), the Ancient Greek word for shoulder, and is cognate with the Latin (h)umerus, which in Latin signifies either the shoulder or the upper arm bone.

The scapula forms the back of the shoulder girdle. In humans, it is a flat bone, roughly triangular in shape, placed on a posterolateral aspect of the thoracic cage.
Armenia national badminton team
The Armenia national badminton team (Armenian: Հայաստանի բադմինտոնի ազգային հավաքական) represents Armenia in international badminton team competitions. The national team is controlled by the Badminton Federation of Armenia, the governing body of Armenian badminton. Armenia competed in the Sudirman Cup in 1989 and 1991 as part of the Soviet Union national badminton team.

The Armenian junior team also participated in the BWF World Junior Championships mixed team event, also known as the Suhandinata Cup.

Badminton Federation of Armenia
The Badminton Federation of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի բադմինտոնի ֆեդերացիա), is the regulating body of badminton in Armenia, governed by the Armenian Olympic Committee. The headquarters of the federation is located in Yerevan.
Siege of Medina Fort
The siege of Fort Medina took place in 1857 at Médine, on the left bank of the Senegal River in present-day Mali. The Toucouleur forces of Omar Saidou Tall unsuccessfully besieged native and French colonial troops commanded by Paul Holle. After 97 days of siege, a relief force under French Governor Louis Faidherbe lifted the siege and forced the Toucouleur army to retreat.

Médine, Mali
Médine is a village and principal settlement (chef-lieu) of the commune of Hawa Dembaya in the Cercle of Kayes in the Kayes Region of south-western Mali. The village is located 12 km east of Kayes on the left bank of the Sénégal River just downstream of the Félou Falls. The site of the village was historically important as the falls were the furthest point up the Sénégal River from Saint Louis that could be reached by boat. Navigation was only possible after the rainy season when the river was in flood.
Cities Area Transit
Cities Area Transit (CAT) is the public transportation system in the neighboring cities of Grand Forks, North Dakota, and East Grand Forks, Minnesota. The scheduled transit bus routes are operated by the city of Grand Forks and service is provided to East Grand Forks through a cost-sharing agreement.  Paratransit for those who are unable to use the regular bus under the ADA, and a service for seniors, are provided under contract by Grand Forks Taxi.

East Grand Forks, Minnesota
East Grand Forks (also known as EGF) is a city in Polk County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 9,176 at the 2020 census, making it Polk County's largest community. It is in the Red River Valley region along the eastern bank of the Red River of the North, directly across from Grand Forks, North Dakota. The cities of Grand Forks and East Grand Forks form the center of the Grand Forks, ND–MN Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is often called Greater Grand Forks. The statistical area's population was 104,362 at the 2020 census.
Where the Buffalo Roam
Where the Buffalo Roam is a 1980 American semi-biographical comedy film which loosely depicts author Hunter S. Thompson's rise to fame in the 1970s and his relationship with Chicano attorney and activist Oscar "Zeta" Acosta. The film was produced and directed by Art Linson. Bill Murray portrayed Thompson and Peter Boyle portrayed Acosta, who is referred to in the film as Carl Lazlo, Esq. A number of other names, places, and details of Thompson's life are also changed.

Thompson's eulogy for Acosta ("The Banshee Screams for Buffalo Meat", published in the December 1977 issue of Rolling Stone) served as the nominal basis of the film, although screenwriter John Kaye drew from several other works, including Fear and Loathing on the Campaign Trail '72 and various pieces included in The Great Shark Hunt and Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. Thompson was credited as an executive consultant on the film.

Oscar Zeta Acosta
Oscar "Zeta" Acosta Fierro (/əˈkɒstə/; April 8, 1935 – disappeared May 1974) was a Mexican American attorney, author and activist in the Chicano Movement. He wrote the semi-autobiographical novels Autobiography of a Brown Buffalo (1972) and The Revolt of the Cockroach People (1973), and was friends with American author Hunter S. Thompson. Thompson characterized him as a heavyweight Samoan attorney, Dr. Gonzo, in his 1971 novel Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. Acosta disappeared in 1974 during a trip in Mexico and is presumed dead.
Mérida (state)
The State of Mérida commonly known simply as Mérida (Spanish: Estado Bolivariano de Mérida, IPA: [esˈtaðo ðe ˈmeɾiða]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Mérida, in the Libertador Municipality.

Located in the Western Andean Region, Mérida State covers a total surface area of 11,300 square kilometres (4,363 sq mi), making it the fifteenth-largest in Venezuela. In 2011, had a census population of 828,592, the fourteenth most populous.

Libertador Municipality, Mérida
The Libertador Municipality is one of the 23 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Mérida and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 232,011.  The city of Mérida is the shire town of the Libertador Municipality. The municipality is one of a number in Venezuela named "Libertador Municipality", in honour of Venezuelan independence hero Simón Bolívar.
South African Red Ensign
The South African Red Ensign was the civil ensign of Union of South Africa from 1910 to 1951. From 1910 to 1928, the flag was also viewed as the unofficial flag of South Africa. The design of the flag was a red ensign defaced with the coat of arms of South Africa on a white disc.

Civil ensign
A civil ensign is an ensign (maritime flag) used by civilian vessels to denote their nationality. It can be the same or different from the state ensign and the naval ensign (or war ensign). It is also known as the merchant ensign or merchant flag. Some countries have special civil ensigns for yachts, and even for specific yacht clubs, known as yacht ensigns.

Most countries have only one national flag and ensign for all purposes. In other countries, a distinction is made between the land flag and the civil, state and naval ensigns. The British ensigns, for example, differ from the flag used on land (the Union Flag) and have different versions of plain and defaced Red and Blue ensigns for civilian and state use, as well as the naval ensign (White Ensign) that can also be used by yachts of the Royal Yacht Squadron.
Stonewall Jets
The Stonewall Jets are a junior hockey team that plays in Stonewall, Manitoba, Canada. The Jets home arena is Veterans Memorial Sports Complex which is also home to the Stonewall Collegiate Institute Rams, Stonewall Blues Minor Hockey Association and Stonewall Flyers Senior hockey club. The Jets previously played in the Ice Palace (Stonewall Arena).

Stonewall, Manitoba
Stonewall is a town in the Canadian province of Manitoba with a population of 5,046 as of the 2021 census. The town is situated approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Winnipeg on PTH 67. It is known for its limestone quarries. The local festival is the Quarry Days which is usually held over three days in August on Main Street. The town is surrounded by the R.M. of Rockwood.
Fran Ulmer
Frances Ann "Fran" Ulmer (born February 1, 1947) is an American administrator and Democratic politician from the U.S. state of Alaska. She served as the seventh lieutenant governor of Alaska from 1994 to 2002 under Governor Tony Knowles, becoming the first woman elected to statewide office in Alaska, and lost the 2002 gubernatorial election against Republican Frank Murkowski. In 2007 she became the Chancellor of the University of Alaska Anchorage (UAA), before serving as Chair of the United States Arctic Research Commission between 2011 and 2020, appointed by President Barack Obama.

2002 Alaska gubernatorial election
The 2002 Alaska gubernatorial election took place on November 5, 2002, for the post of Governor of Alaska. Republican U.S. Senator Frank Murkowski defeated Democratic Lieutenant Governor Fran Ulmer.  Murkowski became the first Republican elected governor of Alaska since Jay Hammond in 1978.
Siege of Hereford
The siege of Hereford took place in 1645 during the English Civil War when the city of Hereford and its English Royalist garrison was besieged by a Scottish Covenanter army under the command of the Earl of Leven. The Covenanters were allied to the  English Parliamentarian cause and moved to take the Royalist stronghold in the wake of their victory at the Battle of Naseby. After a month-long siege, the approach of Royalist reinforcements and news of Montrose's victories against the Covenanters in Scotland forced Leven to abandon the siege and retreat. However, in December of the same year the city was taken in a surprise attack by Colonel John Birch and remained in Parliamentarian hands for the remainder of the conflict.

John Birch (Roundhead)
Colonel John Birch (7 September 1615 – 10 May 1691) was a soldier and politician from Manchester in England. He fought for the Parliamentarians in the First English Civil War, and was a Member of Parliament at various times between 1646 and 1691.

Considered a moderate, he was excluded from Parliament in Pride's Purge of December 1648, and prevented from taking his seat for Leominster under the Protectorate. After the 1660 Stuart Restoration, he was restored to favour and sat on over 122 Parliamentary Committees. During the 1679 Exclusion Crisis, he supported barring the Catholic James II from the throne, and subsequently backed the 1689 Glorious Revolution.

A contemporary Gilbert Burnet later described him as "...the roughest and boldest speaker in the House, [with]] the language and phrases of a carrier...he spoke always with much life and heat, but judgment was not his talent."