hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Japanese science fiction
Science fiction  is an important genre of modern Japanese literature that has strongly influenced aspects of contemporary Japanese pop culture, including anime, manga, video games, tokusatsu, and cinema. Japanese fiction has assumed a position of significance in many genres of world literature, with speculative fiction encompassing a diverse range of literary works, has a rich history deeply intertwined with the country's cultural and social contexts, It is Often characterized by its imaginative narratives, futuristic themes, and exploration of societal issues, It has gained international recognition for its unique blend of traditional storytelling elements with modern speculative concepts. Contemporary Japanese speculative fiction has themes focusing on artificial intelligence, genetic engineering, and environmental degradation are prevalent, reflecting the anxieties and realities of the modern world.

Japanese literature
Japanese literature throughout most of its history has been influenced by cultural contact with neighboring Asian literatures, most notably China and its literature. Early texts were often written in pure Classical Chinese or lit. 'Chinese writing' (漢文, kanbun), a Chinese-Japanese creole language. Indian literature also had an influence through the spread of Buddhism in Japan.

During the Heian period, Japan's original kokufū culture (lit. 'national culture') developed and literature also established its own style, with the significant usage and development of kana (仮名) to write Japanese literature.

Following the end of the sakoku policy and especially during the increasing westernization of the Meiji era, Western literature has also had an influence on the development of modern Japanese writers, while Japanese literature has in turn become more recognized internationally, leading to two Japanese Nobel laureates in literature, namely Yasunari Kawabata and Kenzaburō Ōe.
Advanced Intelligent Tape
Advanced Intelligent Tape (AIT) is a discontinued high-speed, high-capacity magnetic tape data storage format developed and controlled by Sony. It was introduced in 1996 to utilise Advanced Metal Evaporated (AME) technology.  It competed mainly against the DLT, LTO, DAT/DDS, and VXA formats.  AIT uses 8mm tape in a cassette similar to Video8.  Super AIT (SAIT) is a higher capacity variant using wider half inch (1/2") tape in a larger, single-spool cartridge.  Both AIT and SAIT use the helical scan method of reading and writing to the tape.

Digital Data Storage
Digital Data Storage (DDS) is a computer data storage technology based upon the Digital Audio Tape (DAT) format that was developed during the 1980s.  DDS is primarily intended for use as off-line storage, especially for generating backup copies of working data.
Mafia District
Mafia District Council (Swahili: Wilaya ya Mafia) is one of eight administrative districts in the Pwani Region of Tanzania. It administers the main Mafia Island as well as the Mafia Archipelago. The district covers an area of 642.6 km2 (248.1 sq mi), and is surrounded by the Sea of Zanj. Rufiji District lies on the other side of the Mafia Channel to the west. The district is comparable in size to the land area of Saint Lucia.

The town of Kilindoni serves as its administrative capital. The district is home to the largest concentration of Whale Sharks in Africa, the Mafia Island Marine Park, the historic Chole Island Ruins, the Kisimani Mafia, the Kua Ruins, and the Mlola Forest Reserve. According to the 2012 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Mafia District was 46,438.

Mafia Island
Mafia Island or  Chole Shamba (Kisiwa cha Mafia, in Swahili) is an island of  The Mafia Archipelago located in Mafia District in the southern Pwani Region of Tanzania across the Mafia Channel. The island is the third largest in Tanzanian ocean territory, but is not administratively included within the semi-autonomous region of Zanzibar, which has been politically separate since 1890. Mafia Island forms the largest part of Mafia District, one of the six administrative districts in the Pwani Region. As the Mafia Archipelago's main island, it is sometimes called Chole Shamba, meaning Chole farmlands in Swahili. This is in opposition to the historic settlement of Chole Mjini (Chole town) on Chole Island inside Mafia Bay. The island's population is over 65,000. The economy is based on fishing, subsistence agriculture and the market in Kilindoni.  The island attracts some tourists, mainly scuba divers, birdwatchers, game fishermen, and people seeking relaxation.
Steno-Cassette
The Steno-Cassette is an analog cassette format for dictation, introduced by Grundig in 1971. Unlike Grundig's previous cassette format, DC-International, the Steno-Cassette gained widespread use in Germany, where it was established as a DIN standard (DIN 32750) in 1985. It is easily distinguished from other dictation cassette formats (such as the Microcassette) by the integrated tape counter index, showing the amount of tape available.

Microcassette
The Microcassette (often written generically as microcassette) is an analog audio cassette storage format, introduced by Olympus in 1969.

It has the same width of magnetic tape as the Compact Cassette but in a cassette roughly one quarter the size. By using thinner tape and half or a quarter the tape speed, microcassettes can offer comparable recording time to the compact cassette but in a smaller package.
Potassium channel
Potassium channels are the most widely distributed type of ion channel found in virtually all organisms. They form potassium-selective pores that span cell membranes. Potassium channels are found in most cell types and control a wide variety of cell functions.

Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore. Their functions include establishing a resting membrane potential, shaping action potentials and other electrical signals by gating the flow of ions across the cell membrane, controlling the flow of ions across secretory and epithelial cells, and regulating cell volume. Ion channels are present in the membranes of all cells. Ion channels are one of the two classes of ionophoric proteins, the other being ion transporters.

The study of ion channels often involves biophysics, electrophysiology, and pharmacology, while using techniques including voltage clamp, patch clamp, immunohistochemistry, X-ray crystallography, fluoroscopy, and RT-PCR. Their classification as molecules is referred to as channelomics.
Zoo Tycoon
Zoo Tycoon is a series of business simulation video games in which the player is tasked with building and running a successful zoo. The series was initially developed by Blue Fang Games and published by Microsoft Studios who later in 2001–2008 went on to create two stand-alone video games and seven expansion packs for PC and Macintosh platforms. In 2013, Microsoft Studios released a new Zoo Tycoon game, developed by Frontier Developments for Xbox One and Xbox 360. An enhanced version of the Xbox game, Zoo Tycoon: Ultimate Animal Collection, was released for Windows 10 and the Xbox One on October 31, 2017.
Frontier Developments, the developer of the final Zoo Tycoon game, released the spiritual successor to the series, Planet Zoo, in 2019.

Blue Fang Games
Blue Fang Games, LLC was an American video game developer. Founded in Waltham, Massachusetts in 1998, they achieved commercial success with their first title, Zoo Tycoon, on Windows and Macintosh. They went on to develop a sequel and numerous expansion packs for the Zoo Tycoon franchise. However, as the video game market shifted away from packaged games with long development cycles, the studio struggled to adapt. After publishing several titles for mobile and social platforms with little commercial success, the studio shut down in 2011.
Courthouse Butte
Courthouse Butte is a butte just north of the Village of Oak Creek, Arizona, United States, south of Sedona in Yavapai County. Summit elevation is 5,454 feet (1,662 m). It is just east of Bell Rock.

There are many different trails to hike, bike, and run on around Courthouse Butte. One of the primary trails is a 4.5-mile trail starting from the North Bell Rock Trailhead. Courthouse Butte's first recorded ascent was done in the early 1900s. There are also many climbing routes ranging from 5.6 - 5.11+ with a bit of scrambling.

Geologically, Courthouse Butte is composed of horizontally bedded sedimentary rock of the Permian Supai Formation.

Bell Rock (Arizona)
Bell Rock is a butte just north of the Village of Oak Creek, Arizona, United States, south of Sedona in Yavapai County. With an elevation at its summit of 4,919 feet (1,499 m), it is just west of Courthouse Butte. Its panoramic views make it a popular landmark and tourist attraction.

The most popular route is a moderate hike that reaches a small plateau on the northwest face of the butte. A challenging unmarked trail must be taken to reach the summit.
Sea lamprey
The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is a parasitic lamprey native to the Northern Hemisphere. It is sometimes referred to as the "vampire fish".

It was likely introduced to the Great Lakes region through the Erie Canal in 1825 and the Welland Canal in 1919 where it has attacked native fish such as lake trout, lake whitefish, chub, and lake herring. Sea lampreys are considered a pest in the Great Lakes region as each individual has the potential of killing 40 pounds of fish through its 12–18 month feeding period.

Coregonus artedi
Coregonus artedi, commonly known as the cisco, is a North American species of freshwater whitefish in the family Salmonidae. The number of species and definition of species limits in North American ciscoes is a matter of debate. Accordingly, Coregonus artedi may refer either in a narrow sense to one of the several types of cisco found e.g. in the Great Lakes, or in a broad sense to the complex of all ciscoes in continental North American lakes, Coregonus artedi sensu lato.
Sretko Kalinić
Sretko Kalinić (Serbian Cyrillic: Сретко Калинић; born 25 February 1974), also known as "Zver" (Serbian Cyrillic: Звер, lit. 'The Beast') or "Beli" (Serbian Cyrillic: Бели, lit. 'The White'), is a Croatian Serb gangster, contract killer and mass murderer, who holds dual Serbian and Croatian citizenship. He is best known as one of the conspirators in the assassination of Serbian Prime Minister Zoran Đinđić.

Assassination of Zoran Đinđić
Zoran Đinđić, the sixth Prime Minister of the Republic of Serbia, was assassinated on Wednesday 12 March 2003, in Belgrade, Serbia. Đinđić was fatally shot by a sniper while exiting his vehicle outside of the back entrance of the Serbian government headquarters. A state of emergency was immediately declared in the country, and during the police "Operation Sabre", more than 11,000 people associated with organized criminal groups were detained.
Superalgebra
In mathematics and theoretical physics, a superalgebra is a Z2-graded algebra. That is, it is an algebra over a commutative ring or field with a decomposition into "even" and "odd" pieces and a multiplication operator that respects the grading.

The prefix super- comes from the theory of supersymmetry in theoretical physics. Superalgebras and their representations, supermodules, provide an algebraic framework for formulating supersymmetry. The study of such objects is sometimes called super linear algebra. Superalgebras also play an important role in related field of supergeometry where they enter into the definitions of graded manifolds, supermanifolds and superschemes.

Graded ring
In mathematics, in particular abstract algebra, a graded ring is a ring such that the underlying additive group is a direct sum of abelian groups  such that ⁠⁠. The index set is usually the set of nonnegative integers or the set of integers, but can be any monoid. The direct sum decomposition is usually referred to as gradation or grading.

A graded module is defined similarly (see below for the precise definition). It generalizes graded vector spaces. A graded module that is also a graded ring is called a graded algebra. A graded ring could also be viewed as a graded ⁠⁠-algebra.

The associativity is not important (in fact not used at all) in the definition of a graded ring; hence, the notion applies to non-associative algebras as well; e.g., one can consider a graded Lie algebra.
Peter IV of Aragon
Peter IV  (Catalan: Pere III d'Aragó; Aragonese; Pero IV d'Aragón; 5 September 1319 – 6 January 1387), called the Ceremonious (Catalan: El Cerimoniós; Aragonese: el Ceremonioso), was from 1336 until his death the king of Aragon, Sardinia-Corsica, and Valencia, and count of Barcelona. In 1344, he deposed James III of Majorca and made himself King of Majorca.

His reign was occupied with attempts to strengthen the crown against the Union of Aragon and other such devices of the nobility, with their near constant revolts, and with foreign wars, in Sardinia, Sicily, the Mezzogiorno, Greece, and the Balearics. His wars in Greece made him Duke of Athens and Neopatria in 1381.

James III of Majorca
James III ((1315-04-05)5 April 1315 – (1349-10-25)25 October 1349), known as James the Rash (or the Unfortunate), was King of Majorca from 1324 to 1344. He was the son of Ferdinand of Majorca and Isabella of Sabran.
Flanimals of the Deep
Flanimals of the Deep (ISBN 0571234038) is the third book in the Flanimals series from British comedian Ricky Gervais and illustrator Rob Steen. The book was published by Faber and Faber, London, UK on 5 October 2006 and includes such Flanimals as the Mulgi, Flambols, Bif Uddlers and Mulons.

Flanimals of the Deep won the 'Best Stocking Filler' book of the year in 2006, as voted on Richard and Judy's Christmas Book Reviews. It was also named the "WH Smith Children's Book of the Year" for 2007.

Flanimals
Flanimals is a book series written by comedian Ricky Gervais and illustrated by Rob Steen. It depicts an assortment of seemingly useless or inadequate fictional animals and their behaviour.

The cover Flanimal is the Grundit. The book is published by Faber and Faber, which has also published the sequels More Flanimals, Flanimals of the Deep and Flanimals: The Day of the Bletchling. Flanimals: Pop Up was published October 2009 by Walker Books in the UK and in March 2010 by Candlewick Press in the US.
Harriet Tubman Press
Harriet Tubman Press (HTP) is an imprint of TSEHAI Publishers established in August 2016 while housed at Loyola Marymount University (LMU) in Los Angeles. The press was created to be a "new source for African-American literature and academic works". HTP publishes works which represent African-American voices in the United States and throughout the globe, focusing on "uncovering hidden narratives". The press emphasizes publishing African-American literature and scholarship.

TSEHAI Publishers
TSEHAI Publishers is an independent, academic press based at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles, California, U.S. It has various imprints, and is run by its founder, exiled Ethiopian journalist and publisher Elias Wondimu.
Muhammad Rian Ardianto
Muhammad Rian Ardianto (born 13 February 1996) is an Indonesian badminton player. Born in Bantul, Yogyakarta SR, Ardianto plays for the Jaya Raya Jakarta club at national events. He won the men's doubles silver medal at the 2018 Asian Games, the bronze medals at the 2017 SEA Games, and at the 2019 and 2022 World Championships. Ardianto was part of Indonesia winning team at the 2020 Thomas Cup. He reached a career high of world number 1 in the men's doubles with Fajar Alfian on 27 December 2022.

Fajar Alfian
Fajar Alfian (born 7 March 1995) is an Indonesian badminton player affiliated with the SGS PLN Bandung. He won the men's doubles silver medal at the 2018 Asian Games, the bronze medals at the 2017 SEA Games, 2019 and 2022 World Championships. He was part of the Indonesia winning team at the 2020 Thomas Cup. He reached a career high of world number 1 in the men's doubles with Muhammad Rian Ardianto on 27 December 2022.
Johann Stamitz
Johann Wenzel Anton Stamitz (Czech: Jan Václav Antonín Stamic; 18 June 1717 – 27 March 1757) was a Czech composer and violinist. Johann is considered the founding father of the Mannheim school, a composition style that his two surviving sons, Carl and Anton Stamitz, continued. His music is stylistically transitional between the Baroque and Classical periods and he is recognized for many innovations.

Anton Stamitz
Anton Thadäus Johann Nepomuk Stamitz (November 1750 – c. 1798–1809) was a German composer and violinist. He was born in the Holy Roman Empire.

Anton was born during a family visit to Německý Brod and baptised there on 27 November 1750. He and his brother Carl received their first violin instruction from their father Johann. After their father's death in 1757 they were taken on as students by Christian Cannabich, who had been a student of their father's. Both were by this time already violinists in the Mannheimer Kapelle and participated in its development.

In 1770, with his brother Carl, he visited Paris and established himself there. Between 1782 and 1789 he played in the King's court orchestra in Versailles, and obtained the title ordinaire de la musique du roi. He was the violin teacher of Rodolphe Kreutzer.

His biography after the French Revolution in 1789 is not known, but he probably died in Paris or Versailles. He may have died as late as 1809.
Donna McLeod
Donna T. McLeod (born March 19, 1968) is a Jamaican-born American politician from Georgia. McLeod is a former member of the Georgia House of Representatives from the 105th District from 2019 to 2023. She is the first Jamaican-American to become a Representative in Georgia. She defeated Republican Donna Sheldon in the 2018 election to replace retiring Representative Joyce Chandler.

Joyce Chandler
Joyce Chandler is an American former educator and politician from Georgia. Chandler is a former Republican member of the Georgia House of Representatives representing District 105 from 2013 until January 14, 2019. Chandler has sponsored 125 bills.
Billy Red Lyons
Willem Snip (17 May 1932 – 22 June 2009) was a Canadian professional wrestler, who wrestled under the ring name Billy Red Lyons. He was an active wrestler between 1956 and 1985, and won numerous championships throughout his career. He worked for promotions in both Canada and the United States, particularly in Ontario, California, Minneapolis, Texas, New York, Georgia, Oklahoma and Japan

Lyons won numerous tag team championships throughout his career, including with Dick Beyer, who was his real-life brother-in-law, as well as Fritz Von Erich, Bill Watts, and Ray Gunkel. He also won singles championships, including the NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship. Lyons also wrestled in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) at various times between 1976 and 1985.

After his retirement from in-ring competition, he would work for Maple Leaf Wrestling in Toronto and the World Wrestling Federation.

Ray Gunkel
Raymond Fred Gunkel (February 16, 1924 - August 1, 1972) was an American amateur and professional wrestler and promoter in the state of Georgia. Gunkel was a two-time AAU national champion and, as a professional, a three-time NWA Texas Heavyweight Champion. He died of heart trauma after a match in Savannah, Georgia, in which he defeated Ox Baker.
Laiwu, Jinan
Laiwu District (simplified Chinese: 莱芜区; traditional Chinese: 萊蕪區; pinyin: Láiwú Qū) is one of 10 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, East China.

It has an area of 1,906.89 km2 (736.25 sq mi) and 989,535 inhabitants as of 2010 census. Nevertheless, its built-up area made of Laiwu District and Gangcheng District (the previous Laiwu city) was home to 1,298,529 inhabitants.

In January 2019, the Shandong provincial government announced in a decision that Laiwu Prefecture-level City was absorbed by Jinan. Laicheng District was renamed to Laiwu District under Jinan's administration.

Laiwu
Laiwu (simplified Chinese: 莱芜; traditional Chinese: 萊蕪; pinyin: Láiwú) was a prefecture-level city in central Shandong Province, China. Bordered the provincial capital of Jinan to the north, Zibo to the east and Tai'an to the southwest, it was the smallest prefecture-level city in the province. It had a population of 1,298,529 as of the 2010 census, all living in the built-up (or metro) area made of 2 urban Districts and became part of Jinan in 2019 and 907,839 living in urban area.
James Leigh Joynes (clergyman)
James Leigh Joynes (27 September 1824 – 29 June 1908) was an English clergyman and schoolmaster. Ordained in the Church of England in 1848, he served as a deacon and later as a priest. He taught at Eton College from 1849 to 1887, becoming Lower Master in 1878, and was noted for his strict discipline. He was the father of James Leigh Joynes Jr. and the father-in-law of social reformer Henry Stephens Salt.

James Leigh Joynes
James Leigh Joynes (29 May 1853 – 13 January 1893) was an English journalist, writer, poet, and socialist activist. A former teacher at Eton College, he became known for his involvement in land reform, Christian socialism, and the early British socialist movement. He was associated with figures such as Henry George and Henry S. Salt, and contributed to various political publications and organisations, including the Social Democratic Federation and the Fellowship of the New Life.
Deir Ghazaleh
Deir Ghazaleh (Arabic: دير غزالة) is a Palestinian village in the northern West Bank,  located nine kilometers northeast of Jenin in the Jenin Governorate. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Deir Ghazaleh had a population of over 850 inhabitants in mid-year 2006 and 1,129 in 2017, mostly Muslims with a small Christian minority.

Jenin
32°27′40″N 35°18′00″E﻿ / ﻿32.46111°N 35.30000°E﻿ / 32.46111; 35.30000

Jenin (/ʒɪˈniːn/ zhin-EEN; Arabic: جنين, romanized: Jinīn, locally pronounced [ʒɪˈniːn] ⓘ) is a city in the West Bank, Palestine, and is the capital of the Jenin Governorate. It is a hub for the surrounding towns. Jenin came under Israeli occupation in 1967, and was put under the administration of the Palestinian National Authority as Area A of the West Bank, a Palestinian enclave, in 1995.

The city had a population of approximately 50,000 people in 2017, whilst the Jenin refugee camp had a population of about 10,000, housing families of Palestinians who fled or were expelled from their homes during the 1948 Palestine War. The camp has since become a stronghold of Palestinian militants, being the location of several incidents relating to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
Archer's buzzard
Archer's buzzard (Buteo augur archeri)  is a subspecies of the augur buzzard that is endemic to Somalia.  The bird's common name and Latin binomial commemorate the British explorer and colonial official Sir Geoffrey Francis Archer.

Augur buzzard
The augur buzzard (Buteo augur) is a fairly large African bird of prey. This species is distinct in typical adult plumage for its blackish back, whitish underside and orange-red tail, while juvenile augur buzzards are generally rather brown in colour; however a dark morph is known, which causes the bird's entire body to become darker. This member of the Buteo genus is distributed in several parts of the central and southern Africa, normally being found from Ethiopia to southern Angola and central Namibia. It is resident and non-migratory throughout its range. This is a species of mountains (most typically at about 2,000 m (6,600 ft) altitude, but up to 5,000 m (16,000 ft)), and adjacent savannah and grassland. It is a typical buteonine raptor, being a generalist predator which tends to prefer small mammals supplemented by reptiles and birds among various prey items.