hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tabloid (newspaper format)
A tabloid is a newspaper format characterized by its compact size, smaller than a broadsheet. The term originates from the 19th century, when the London-based pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome & Co. used the term to describe compressed pills, later adopted by newspapers to denote condensed content. There are two main types of tabloid newspaper: red tops and compact, distinguished by editorial style.

Red top tabloids are distinct from broadsheet newspapers, which traditionally cater to more affluent, educated audiences with in-depth reporting and analysis. However, the line between tabloids and broadsheets has blurred in recent decades, as many broadsheet newspapers have adopted tabloid or compact formats to reduce costs and attract readers.

Globally, the tabloid format has been adapted to suit regional preferences and media landscapes. In countries like Germany and Australia, tabloids such as Bild and The Daily Telegraph have significant readerships and political clout.

Tabloid journalism
Tabloid journalism is a popular style of largely sensationalist journalism, which takes its name from the tabloid newspaper format: a small-sized newspaper also known as a half broadsheet. The size became associated with sensationalism, and tabloid journalism replaced the earlier label of yellow journalism and scandal sheets.: 73  Not all newspapers associated with tabloid journalism are tabloid size, and not all tabloid-size newspapers engage in tabloid journalism; since around the year 2000, many broadsheet newspapers converted to the more compact tabloid format.

In some cases, celebrities have successfully sued tabloids for libel, demonstrating that the tabloid's stories have defamed them. Publications engaging in tabloid journalism are also known as rag newspapers or simply rags. In the 21st century, tabloid journalism has shifted to online platforms targeting youth consumers with celebrity news and entertainment.
French Socialist Party (1902)
The French Socialist Party (French: Parti socialiste français, PSF) was a social democratic political party in France, founded in 1902 and disestablished in 1905.

The PSF came from the merger of the possibilist Federation of the Socialist Workers of France (FTSF), Jean Allemane's Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party (POSR), and some independent socialist politicians like Jean Jaurès, who went on to become the party's leader.

Unlike the Socialist Party of France (PSdF) led by Jules Guesde, the PSF supported the principle of the alliance with the non-socialist left in the Bloc des gauches coalition. Under pressure from the Second International, the two parties merged into the French Section of the Workers' International in 1905.

Socialist Party of France (1902)
The Socialist Party of France (Parti socialiste de France) was a socialist political party.

The party was founded in 1902 during a congress in Commentry by the merger of the Marxist French Workers' Party led by Jules Guesde and the Blanquist Socialist Revolutionary Party of Édouard Vaillant.

Unlike the French Socialist Party of Jean Jaurès, it refused to support bourgeois governments and so to take part in the Bloc des gauches coalition.

However, the two parties merged in 1905 under the pressure of the Second International into the French Section of the Workers' International.
Yallourn North
Yallourn North is a town in the City of Latrobe, Victoria, Australia. It is approximately eight kilometres north-east of Moe, and 146 kilometres south-east of Melbourne. Prior to 1947 Yallourn North was known as "Brown Coal Mine".

The Post Office opened on 3 September 1917 as Brown Coal Mine and was renamed Yallourn North in 1947.

This tiny hilltop town contains many churches, including the only Serbian Orthodox Church and Mosque in the region. Sports available are Australian rules football, cricket, lawn bowls and carpet bowls, netball and angling. There is a Social Golf Club, and pistol club. The town has an Australian Rules football team, Yallourn-Yallourn North, which competes in the North Gippsland Football League.

City of Latrobe
The City of Latrobe (until 2000 known as the Shire of La Trobe) is a local government area in the Gippsland region in eastern Victoria, Australia, located in the eastern part of the state. It covers an area of 1,426 square kilometres (551 mi2) and in June 2018 had a population of 75,211. It is primarily urban with the vast majority of its population living within the four major urban areas of Moe-Newborough, Morwell, Traralgon, and Churchill, and other significant settlements in the LGA include Boolarra, Callignee, Glengarry, Jeeralang, Toongabbie, Tyers, Yallourn North and Yinnar.

The city is governed by the Latrobe City Council, with its seat of local government and administrative centre located at the council headquarters, 141 Commercial Road, Morwell. It also has service centres located in Moe, Churchill and Traralgon. The city is named after the Latrobe River and Latrobe Valley, major geographical features that meander through the north of the LGA.
Titan (yacht)
Titan is a super-yacht built in 2010 at the shipyard Abeking & Rasmussen. The interior and exterior design of Titan was done by Reymond Langton Design Ltd. The yacht has two sister ships, Amaryllis and Eminence, although Titan is a bit larger.

Not to be confused with the older motor yacht Titan, resulting from the conversion of HMS Beagle, a Royal Naval Coastal Survey Ship of the Bulldog Class.

Amaryllis (yacht)
Amaryllis is a super-yacht built in 2011 at the shipyard Abeking & Rasmussen. The interior and exterior design of Amaryllis was done by Reymond Langton Design Ltd. The yacht has two sister ships, Eminence and Titan.
Alasdair Whittle
Alasdair William Richardson Whittle, FBA, FLSW (born 7 May 1949) is a British archaeologist and academic, specialising in Neolithic Europe. He was Distinguished Research Professor of Archaeology at Cardiff University from 1997 to 2018.

Whittle was born on 7 May 1949. He studied Literae Humaniores (i.e.  classics) at Christ Church, Oxford, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree. He remained at Oxford to study for a Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) degree, which he completed in 1976 with a thesis titled "The Earlier Neolithic of Southern England and its Continental Contacts".

In 1998, Whittle was elected a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and social sciences. He is also a founding Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales (FLSW).

Learned Society of Wales
The Learned Society of Wales (Welsh: Cymdeithas Ddysgedig Cymru) is a national academy, learned society and charity that exists to "celebrate, recognise, preserve, protect and encourage excellence in all of the scholarly disciplines", and to serve the Welsh nation.

The Learned Society of Wales is Wales's first and only all-embracing national scholarly academy.  A registered charity, it was established and launched on 25 May 2010 at the National Museum of Wales and was granted a Royal Charter in 2015. The society is headquartered in Cardiff.

It is an independent, self-governing, pan-disciplinary, bilingual organisation operating throughout Wales, and is a founding member of the Celtic Academies Alliance.
Bessie Thomashefsky
Bessie Thomashefsky (1873 – July 6, 1962), born Briche Baumfeld-Kaufman, was a Ukrainian-born Jewish American singer, actress and comedian, a star in Yiddish theater beginning in the 1890s. She was the wife and stage partner of Boris Thomashefsky, the most popular Yiddish leading man of his era. Probably her most famous role was the title role of Oscar Wilde's Salomé at the People’s Theater in 1908.

Boris Thomashefsky
Boris Thomashefsky (Russian: Борис Пинхасович Томашевский, sometimes written Thomashevsky, Thomaschevsky, etc.; Yiddish: באָריס טאָמאשעבסקי) (1868–July 9, 1939), born Boruch-Aharon Thomashefsky, was a Ukrainian-born (later American) Jewish singer and actor who became one of the biggest stars in Yiddish theater.
Virginia State Route 27
State Route 27 (SR 27) is a freeway in Arlington County, Virginia, in the United States, known as Washington Boulevard. It was built during World War II to connect the Pentagon with U.S. Route 50 (US 50) and northern Arlington to the west and Washington, D.C., to the east. Its 2.54-mile (4.09 km) route parallels the southern boundaries of Arlington National Cemetery. At its southernmost point, Route 27 passes through a complex interchange with Interstate 395 (I-395, Shirley Highway). called the "Mixing Bowl," although local motorists more recently use that term also to refer to the Springfield Interchange on the Capital Beltway in Springfield. It is an important commuter route as well as providing access to a number of military installations, the cemetery and national memorials. Because Route 27 is the closest road to the site of the September 11 attack on the Pentagon, the route has been designated the "9/11 Heroes Memorial Highway."

Pentagon road network
The Pentagon road network is a system of highways, mostly freeways, built by the United States federal government in the early 1940s to serve the Pentagon in northern Virginia. The roads, transferred to the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1964, are now largely state highways. The main part of the network is the Mixing Bowl at Interstate 395 (Shirley Highway) and Route 27 (Washington Boulevard), named because it had major weaving issues with traffic "mixing" between the two roads before it was rebuilt in the early 1970s.

The "Mixing Bowl" nickname is now more commonly used to refer to the Springfield Interchange, where I-395, I-495, and I-95 converge in nearby Springfield.
João Vale de Almeida
João Vale de Almeida (born 29 January 1957 in Lisbon) is a former senior European diplomat and Portuguese national.

Vale de Almeida was Ambassador of the European Union to the United Nations from 2015 to 2019 and Ambassador of the European Union to the United States from 2010 to 2014. He was appointed "the first head of the future EU delegation to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland" on 1 February 2020.

Delegation of the European Union to the United States
The Delegation of the European Union to the United States represents the European Union in the United States, working in coordination with the diplomatic and consular missions of all 27 EU Member States. It is located at 2175 K Street, N.W., in the West End neighborhood of Washington, D.C.

The current Ambassador of the European Union to the United States is Jovita Neliupšienė, who started on January 1, 2024, and is the first female to hold the position. From 2019-2023, the Ambassador of the EU Delegation was Stavros Lambrinidis.
Aorta
The aorta (/eɪˈɔːrtə/ ay-OR-tə; pl.: aortas or aortae) is the main and largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart, branching upwards immediately after, and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits at the aortic bifurcation into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries). The aorta distributes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body through the systemic circulation.

Common iliac artery
The common iliac artery is a large artery of the abdomen paired on each side. It originates from the aortic bifurcation at the level of the 4th lumbar vertebra. It ends in front of the sacroiliac joint, one on either side, and each bifurcates into the external and internal iliac arteries.
Korabl-Sputnik 5
Korabl-Sputnik 5 (Russian: Корабль-Спутник 5 meaning Ship-Satellite 5) or Vostok-3KA No.2, also known as Sputnik 10 in the West, was a Soviet spacecraft which was launched in 1961, as part of the Vostok programme. It was the last test flight of the Vostok spacecraft design prior the first crewed flight, Vostok 1. It carried the mannequin Ivan Ivanovich, a dog named Zvezdochka ("Starlet", or "Little star"), frogs, monkeys, mice, rats, plants, television cameras and scientific apparatus.

Vostok 1
Vostok 1 (Russian: Восток, lit. 'East'  or 'Orient') was the first spaceflight of the Vostok programme and the first human orbital spaceflight in history. The Vostok 3KA space capsule was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome on 12 April 1961, with Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin aboard, making him the first human to reach orbital velocity around the Earth and to complete a full orbit around the Earth.

The orbital spaceflight consisted of a single orbit around Earth which skimmed the upper atmosphere at 169 kilometers (105 miles; 91 nautical miles) at its lowest point. The flight took 108 minutes from launch to landing. Gagarin parachuted to the ground separately from his capsule after ejecting at 7 km (23,000 ft) altitude.
Pjesma Mediterana
Pjesma Mediterana (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Пјесма Медитерана, lit. 'Song of the Mediterranean'; formerly Music Festival Budva, Serbo-Croatian: Muzički festival Budva, Музички фестивал Будва) was a pop music festival held every summer in Budva, Montenegro until 2011.

The festival began in 1992. There have been various sponsors of the festival, including: Komuna, Music Star Production and the Municipality of Budva. Since 2008, the municipality of Budva, HTP Budvanska Rivijera (a tourist company in Budva) and Copyright Ltd. have run the organisation. The executive producer from 2008 is Copyright Ltd. In 2011, the festival was cancelled reportedly due to financial crisis.

Budva
Budva (Cyrillic: Будва, pronounced [bûːdv̞a] or [bûdv̞a]) is a town in the Coastal region of Montenegro. It had 17,479 inhabitants as of 2023, and is the centre of Budva Municipality. The coastal area around Budva, known as the Budva Riviera, is the center of Montenegrin tourism, renowned for its well-preserved medieval walled city, sandy beaches, and diverse nightlife. Budva is 2,500 years old, which makes it one of the oldest settlements on the Adriatic coast.
Adler Trumpf Junior
The Adler Trumpf Junior is a small family car introduced by the Frankfurt based auto-maker Adler, early in 1934. Trumpf Junior was conceived as a similar but smaller version of the Adler Trumpf, which had already been available for two years. It intended to broaden the range and claim a share of a growing market which DKW were creating with their F1 model, and its successors, for small inexpensive front wheel drive cars.

The Trumpf Junior's development  was a shared responsibility between Hans Gustav Röhr (1895 – 1937) and his colleague and friend, Adler chief engineer Josef Dauben .

Adler Trumpf
The Adler Trumpf is a small family car introduced by the Frankfurt based auto-maker, Adler in March 1932, with Trumpf production fully starting in the late summer that year. Adler launched two similarly sized cars in the same year, one of which followed the 1931 DKW F1's then innovative front-wheel drive layout, and the other model using the conventional rear-wheel drive configuration still used by then market leader, Opel's 1.2 litre 'model 6'.

The Trumpf was the second of these two smaller Adlers to enter volume production, at the end of the Summer in 1932, and was the front wheel drive offering.    The innovative design was the responsibility of Hans Gustav Röhr (1895 – 1937).   The Trumpf was distinguished from its more conservatively configured Primus sibling both by its front wheel drive and by its relatively advanced independent suspension.
New Castle and Wilmington Railroad
The New Castle and Wilmington Railroad (NC&W) was an American railroad that operated in Delaware from 1852 to 1877. It was chartered in 1839 to bridge the gap between the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad (PW&B) and the PW&B-owned New Castle and Frenchtown Railroad (NC&F). The 5 miles (8.0 km) long line opened in 1852 and was immediately leased by the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad (PW&B).

On May 15, 1877, the PW&B was absorbed by the PW&B, and later sold to the Delaware Railroad.

The right-of-way laid down by the NC&W line was mostly converted into the Jack A. Markell Trail but a few hundred feet are still in use and short sections near I-95 and I-295 have been taken for highway use.

Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad
The Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad (PW&B) was an American railroad, headquartered in Philadelphia, that operated in Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland from 1836 to 1902. It was one of the four state-chartered railroads that merged in 1838 to create a single line between Philadelphia and Baltimore. Through purchases, leases, and other arrangements, it created a wider network of operations, including down the Delmarva Peninsula.

In 1881, the PW&B was purchased by the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR), which was at the time the nation's largest railroad. In 1902, the PRR merged it into its Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad.

The right-of-way laid down by the PW&B line is still in use today as part of Amtrak's Northeast Corridor and the Maryland Department of Transportation's MARC commuter passenger system from Baltimore to Maryland's northeast corner. Freight is hauled on the route, formerly by the Conrail system and currently by Norfolk Southern.
Maria Theresa Kemble
Maria Theresa Kemble (1774–1838), née Marie Thérèse Du Camp, was an Archduchy of Austria-born English actress, singer, dancer and comic playwright on the stage. She was the wife of actor Charles Kemble and mother of Fanny Kemble, part of the Kemble acting dynasty.

Fanny Kemble
Frances Anne Kemble (later Butler; 27 November 1809 – 15 January 1893) was an English actress from a theatre family in the early and mid-nineteenth century. She was a well-known and popular writer and abolitionist whose published works included plays, poetry, eleven volumes of memoirs, travel writing, and works about the theatre.  She lived for many years in the United States, primarily in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Lenox, Massachusetts.

Kemble's "lasting historical importance...derives from the private journal she kept during her time in the Sea Islands" on her husband's plantations, where she wrote a journal documenting the conditions of the slaves on the plantation and her growing abolitionist feelings. She was also an early adopter of spoken word performances combined with music.
Salesforce
Salesforce, Inc., is an American cloud-based software company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It provides applications focused on sales, customer service, marketing automation, e-commerce, analytics, artificial intelligence, agentic AI, and application development.

Founded by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff in March 1999, Salesforce grew quickly, making its initial public offering in 2004. As of September 2025, Salesforce is the 61st largest company in the world by market cap with a value of nearly US$238 billion. It became the world's largest enterprise applications firm in 2022. Salesforce ranked 491st on the 2023 edition of the Fortune 500, making $31.352 billion in revenue. Since 2020, Salesforce has also been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average

Oracle Corporation
Oracle Corporation is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Austin, Texas. Co-founded in Santa Clara, California by Bob Miner, Ed Oates, and current chairman of the board and chief technology officer, Larry Ellison in 1977, Oracle is among the 20 largest companies in the world by market cap, and ranked 66th on the Forbes Global 2000 as of 2025.

The company sells database software (particularly the Oracle Database), enterprise applications, and cloud infrastructure and hardware. Oracle's core application software is a suite of enterprise software products, including enterprise resource planning (ERP), human capital management (HCM), customer relationship management (CRM), enterprise performance management (EPM), Customer Experience Commerce (CX Commerce) and supply chain management (SCM) software.
Hemp loophole
The hemp loophole refers to a legal disparity created by the Hemp Farming Act of 2018 within the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (the 2018 Farm Bill). By defining legal hemp specifically by its concentration of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the law inadvertently permitted the production and sale of other psychoactive cannabinoids derived from hemp, such as delta-8-THC (Δ8-THC) and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA).

The loophole has been taken advantage of by a multi-billion dollar "intoxicating hemp" industry that operates largely outside of the regulatory frameworks governing state-legal recreational cannabis. In November 2025, federal legislation was enacted to close the loophole by shifting to a "total THC" standard, effective November 12, 2026.

Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018
The 2018 Farm Bill or Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 is an enacted United States farm bill that reauthorized $867 billion for many expenditures approved in the prior farm bill (the Agricultural Act of 2014). The bill was passed by the Senate and House on December 11 and 12, 2018, respectively. On December 20, 2018, it was signed into law by President Donald Trump.
Pronia
The Pronia (Belarusian: Проня, Russian: Проня, also transliterated as Pronya) is a river in Mogilev and Vitebsk regions of Belarus. A right tributary of Sozh River, the Pronia begins near the village of Lanenka, Dubrowna District, Vitebsk Oblast. It flows from north to south, joining the Sozh in the eastern outskirts of the city of Slavgorod.

Sozh
The Sozh (Belarusian: Сож, romanized: Sož, IPA: [sɔʐ]; Russian: Сож; Ukrainian: Сож) is a river flowing in Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. It is a left bank tributary of the Dnieper. The Sozh passes through Gomel, the second largest city in Belarus.

The river is crossed by the Sozh Floating Bridge at Karma and an elegant steel arch at Gomel, which is featured on a Rbls 300 national stamp.
December 1986 Birzeit University protests
The December 1986 Birzeit University protests were a series of protests led by students at Birzeit University in the West Bank in December 1986.

Beginning as a sit-down protest against an Israeli roadblock that significantly impacted campus life, the protest soon spread across Palestine after the Israeli military shot and killed two of the protestors. Two more protestors would be killed by Israeli forces over the course of the demonstrations, both under the age of 18, and Birzeit University would be forcibly closed by Israeli forces until mid-January 1987. The protests also constituted one of the significant events in the mid-1980s that led to the outbreak of the First Intifada in December 1987.

Birzeit University closures
Birzeit University is a public university in the West Bank, Palestine. As a frequent centre of Palestinian nationalism, there has been clashes between its students and Israel Defense Forces. It has been forcibly closed by the Israeli military fifteen times between 1973 and 1992.
Programs Evaluation Office
The Programs Evaluation Office was a covert paramilitary mission to the Kingdom of Laos, established on 13 December  1955 by the United States Department of Defense. The 23 July 1962 International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos would cause it to be shut down in September 1962. It would be succeeded by the Requirements Office.

Requirements Office
The Requirements Office (RO) was a sub rosa Military Assistance Advisory Group set up during the Laotian Civil War. It was established in September 1962 in the United States embassy in Laos, as a replacement for a similar preceding unit, the Programs Evaluation Office (PEO). The RO's role was furnishing the Royal Lao Army with munitions and supplies to support their war effort against the People's Army of Vietnam. The RO would eventually be absorbed into the Defense Attachés Office on 8 August 1973.