hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Valmara 69
Valmara 69 or V-69 is an Italian bounding anti-personnel mine manufactured by Valsella. The mine was developed from the V-59 mine, and although the mine is no longer produced in Italy, a number of copies were produced in other countries e.g. the all-plastic anti-metal detection "SPM-1" manufactured by Singapore.

The South African version was called the J-69, and was an identical copy of the Italian version. A single centre prong version was also produced. It is no longer produced by South Africa who are compliant with the Mine Ban Treaty requirements.

Valmara 59
The Valmara 59 is a large cylindrical Italian bounding anti-personnel mine. It is the first in the "Valmara" family of mines produced by Valsella Meccanotecnica, and was followed by the Valmara 69 and VS-JAP. The mine's body is plastic with a distinctive five-pronged metal head. The central prong has a hole, to allow the threading a trip wire. The inner body of the mine has a main charge surrounded with approximately 1,000 steel cubes, below which is a steel wire connecting it to the base of the mine. When the mine is triggered a small charge launches the mine into the air approximately 45 cm before the steel wire is pulled taut, the jolt of which pulls a striker into the detonator. A secondary time fuse triggers the mine after three seconds if it has not detonated after being triggered.

The fragments produced by the mine are lethal to a range of 25 metres, and are capable of penetrating light armour.
Estavayer
Estavayer (French pronunciation: [ɛstavaje]; Arpitan: Thavalyi [θavaˈʎi]) is a municipality of the canton of Fribourg, situated on the south shore of Lake Neuchâtel. Estavayer is located between Yverdon and Bern. It is the capital of the district of Broye.  It was created on 1 January 2017 when the former municipalities of Bussy, Estavayer-le-Lac, Morens, Murist, Rueyres-les-Prés, Vernay and Vuissens merged to form Estavayer.

Vernay, Switzerland
Vernay (French pronunciation: [vɛʁnɛ]) is a former municipality in the district of Broye, in the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2006 from the merger of the municipalities of Autavaux, Forel and Montbrelloz.  The administrative seat is in Forel.

On 1 January 2017 the former municipalities of Vernay, Bussy, Estavayer-le-Lac, Morens, Murist, Rueyres-les-Prés and Vuissens merged into the new municipality of Estavayer.
Austin Allegro
The Austin Allegro is a small family car that was manufactured by the Austin-Morris division of British Leyland (BL) from 1973 until 1982. The same vehicle was built in Italy by Innocenti between 1974 and 1975 and sold as the Innocenti Regent. The Allegro was designed as a replacement for the Austin 1100 and 1300 models. In total, 642,350 Austin Allegros were produced during its 10-year production life, most of which were sold on the home market, less than a third of 2.1 million 1100s and 1300s sold in the previous 11 years.

It was built and sold by British Leyland alongside the hatchback Austin Maxi (launched in 1969) and the 1971 rear-wheel-drive Morris Marina. All three were eventually replaced by the Austin Maestro in 1983.

BMC ADO16
The BMC ADO16 is a range of small family cars built by the British Motor Corporation (BMC) and, later, British Leyland. Launched in 1962, it was Britain's best-selling car from 1963 to 1966 and from 1968 to 1971. The ADO16 was marketed globally under various make and model names; the most prolific variant was the Austin 1100 and Morris 1100. At the height of its popularity, it was widely known as the 1100 (eleven-hundred) in its home market, or as the 1300 when equipped with the 1275 cc engine.

In production for 12 years, production of the ADO16 reached 2.1 million between 1962 and 1974, more than half of those sold in the UK home market. British Leyland phased out the 1100/1300 between 1971 and 1974 in favour of the Morris Marina and the Austin Allegro.
Shire of Bendemere
The Shire of Bendemere was a local government area in the Maranoa region of Queensland, Australia, and existed from 1911 until 2008 when it amalgamated into Maranoa Region. The Shire, administered from the town of Yuleba, covered an area of 3,926.8 square kilometres (1,516.1 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1911 until 2008, when it was amalgamated with the Town of Roma and the Shires of Booringa, Bungil and Warroo to form the Maranoa Region.

Shire of Warroo
The Shire of Warroo was a local government area in the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia. In March 2008, it became part of the new Maranoa Region.

The administrative centre and only major town in the shire was Surat. The Shire was established on 11 November 1879.
Hazaribagh district
Hazaribagh district is one of the oldest districts of Jharkhand state, India and the district headquarter located in Hazaribagh town. It is located in the north east part of North Chotanagpur Division. The boundary of this district consists of districts of Gaya (BIHAR) and Koderma in the north, Giridih and Bokaro in the east, Ramgarh in the south and Chatra in the west.

Giridih district
Giridih district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state, India, and Giridih is the administrative headquarters of this district. As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Jharkhand (out of 24), after Ranchi and Dhanbad.
Antonine (name)
Antonine is a Swedish, Danish, and Norwegian feminine given name that is a form of Antonina and a diminutive form of Antonia that is used in Norway, Denmark, Sweden and Greenland. It is also a masculine name. Notable people with this name include the following individuals:

Antonina (name)
Antonina and Antoņina are feminine given names and nicknames.  It is a Bulgarian, Latin, Polish, Russian, and Ukrainian given name that is an alternate form of Antonia in use in Israel, Vietnam, Moldova, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan. It is a Danish, Finnish, German, Italian, Norwegian and Swedish diminutive form of Antonia in use in Greenland, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, parts of the Republic of Karelia, Germany, Italy, Northern Estonia, Austria, eastern Switzerland, and parts of Romania and Hungary. Antoņina is a Latvian alternate form of Antonia in use in Latvia. Notable people with this name include the following:
Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).

Specificity (linguistics)
In linguistics, specificity is a semantic feature of noun phrases (NPs) that distinguishes between entities/nouns/referents that are unique in a given context and those that are not. Several distinct known factors determine an entity/noun/referent's relative specificity, including:

Singular terms (e.g. proper names)

Habituality

Actual/Nonactual moods

Factivity

Negation

Specificity does not rely on existence. This is because specificity relies on the uniqueness of an entity, regardless of whether it may or may not actually exist. For example, “I’m looking for a male sister” refers to no actual entity. However, the ambiguity of its specificity (are you looking for a particular male sister, or any male sister?) is retained.
South Saharan steppe and woodlands
The South Saharan steppe and woodlands, also known as the South Sahara Desert, is a deserts and xeric shrublands ecoregion of northern Africa.  This band is a transitional region between the Sahara's very arid center (the Sahara Desert ecoregion) to the north, and the wetter Sahelian Acacia savanna ecoregion to the south.  In pre-modern times, the grasslands were grazed by migratory gazelles and other ungulates after the rainfalls.  More recently, over-grazing by domestic livestock have degraded the territory.  Despite the name of the ecoregion, there are few 'woodlands' in the area; those that exist are generally acacia and shrubs along rivers and in wadis.

Sahara Desert (ecoregion)
The Sahara Desert, as defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), includes the hyper-arid center of the Sahara, between latitudes 18° N and 30° N. It is one of several desert and xeric shrubland ecoregions that cover the northern portion of the African continent.
Warka Brewery
The Warka Brewery /ˈvɑːrkə/ (Polish pronunciation: [ˈvarka]) is one of Poland's oldest breweries and belongs to the Żywiec Group. Żywiec Group has four main breweries: Żywiec Brewery, Elbrewery, Leżajsk Brewery and Warka Brewery, and is majority owned by the Dutch Heineken Group. The brewery is in the historic center of Warka, Poland.

Żywiec Brewery
Żywiec Brewery (Polish pronunciation: [ˈʐɨvjɛt͡s] ⓘ) is one of the largest breweries and beer producers in Poland. Founded in 1856 in the town of Żywiec, the brewery manufactures pale lager with a 5.5% alcohol volume. Grupa Żywiec S.A. consists of five main breweries: Żywiec Brewery, Elbrewery, Leżajsk, Warka Brewery and Browar Namysłów. Currently, the Dutch Heineken Group (Heineken International Beheer B.V.), with a 99% shareholding, has control over its major operations.  The brewery has the capacity of producing 5 million hectolitres a year, making it the largest brewery in Grupa Żywiec. In 2025 the Żywiec Group announced it would close the brewery located at Namysłów in 2026, citing prices and declining beer market.
Wanganui Branch
The Wanganui Branch is a 5.00 km branch line railway in the Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island.  It links Wanganui with the Marton - New Plymouth Line (MNPL) at Aramoho and has been open since 21 January 1878, although solely for freight traffic since 7 September 1959.  Another branch line diverged from the Wanganui Branch near its terminus, the Castlecliff Branch.

The first grant from the Provincial Growth Fund in February 2018 included $6 million for the Whanganui rail line.

Marton–New Plymouth line
The Marton–New Plymouth line (MNPL) is a secondary railway in the North Island of New Zealand, linking the Taranaki and Manawatū-Whanganui regions. It diverges from the North Island Main Trunk (NIMT) at Marton and follows the South Taranaki Bight along the west coast before turning inland to meet the Stratford–Okahukura Line (SOL) at Stratford, continuing on to New Plymouth.

Construction of the line was completed in 1885. With the completion of the SOL in 1933, the combined route provided an alternative western connection to the NIMT—though this role diminished when the SOL was mothballed in 2010. In its early years, the MNPL hosted the New Plymouth Express, the North Island’s first regional express service. Following the withdrawal of passenger services in 1977, the line has been used exclusively for freight.
West New York, New Jersey
West New York is a town in the northern part of Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, situated upon the New Jersey Palisades. As of the 2020 United States census, the town's population was 52,912, an increase of 3,204 (+6.4%) from the 2010 census count of 49,708, which in turn reflected an increase of 3,940 (+8.6%) from the 45,768 counted in the 2000 census. The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated that the city's population was 51,981 in 2022.

With more than 52,800 inhabitants per square mile (20,400/km2) of land according to the 2010 census, West New York was the second-most densely populated municipality in the United States, among places with a population above 50,000, behind neighboring Union City.

North Hudson, New Jersey
North Hudson is the area in the northern part of Hudson County, New Jersey, situated on the west bank of the Hudson River, mostly atop the Hudson Palisades. It comprises Weehawken, Union City, West New York, Guttenberg, and North Bergen.

With a combined population of approximately 206,000 according to 2022 estimates, the municipalities are among the most densely populated in the United States. Some have large proportions of foreign-born residents and majority-Hispanic populations. In all of the five towns except Weehawken, large percentages of the population speak a language other than English.

The towns and adjacent areas have been known as "The Home of the American Embroidery Industry", the silk center of the nation, and "Havana on the Hudson".
Republic of Haiti (1806–1820)
The first Republic of Haiti (French: République d'Haïti; Haitian Creole: Repiblik d Ayiti) controlled the southern portions of Haiti from 1806 until 1820. The republic, commonly referred to as South Haiti during its existence, was created on 17 October 1806, following the assassination of Emperor Jacques I and the overthrow of the First Empire of Haiti. The southern Republic of Haiti was ruled by General Alexandre Pétion, a free person of color, as President from 9 March 1807 until his death on 29 March 1818. He was succeeded by Jean-Pierre Boyer.

While the Republic of Haiti had control in the south, Henri Christophe ruled over the north of the country as President of the State of Haiti until 1811 when he proclaimed the Kingdom of Haiti with himself as King Henri I.  Following King Henri's death in 1820, Haiti was unified as a single republican state under Boyer.

Republic of Haiti (1820–1849)
The Republic of Haiti (French: République d’Haïti, Haitian Creole: Repiblik d Ayiti, Spanish: República de Haití) from 1820 to 1849 was effectively a continuation of the first Republic of Haiti that had been in control of the south of what is now Haiti since 1806. This period of Haitian history commenced with the fall of the Kingdom of Haiti in the north and the reunification of Haiti in 1820 under Jean-Pierre Boyer. This period also encompassed Haitian occupation of Spanish Santo Domingo from 1822 to 1844, creating a unified political entity governing the entire island of Hispaniola. Although termed a republic, this period was dominated by Boyer's authoritarian rule as president-for-life until 1843. The first Republic of Haiti ended in 1849 when President Faustin Soulouque declared himself emperor, thus beginning the Second Empire of Haiti.
Europe of Nations and Freedom
Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF; French: Europe des nations et des libertés, ENL) was a far-right political group that operated in the European Parliament between 2015 and 2019. It was composed of 37 MEPs and only existed during the European Parliament's 8th term. Most of its MPs were members of the Movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom political party.

Ideologically, ENF was right-wing populist and Eurosceptic. Its members included far-right parties such as French National Front (known as National Rally after 2018), Italian Lega Nord, Dutch Party for Freedom, and Vlaams Belang. After the 2019 European Parliament election, ENF was transformed into the Identity and Democracy group.

Identity and Democracy
Identity and Democracy (ID; French: Identité et démocratie) was a political group of the European Parliament during the Ninth European Parliament term, launched on 13 June 2019. It comprised far-right, right-wing populist, Eurosceptic and nationalist national parties from six European states. It was the successor to the Europe of Nations and Freedom group formed during the eighth term and almost all of its members merged into the Patriots for Europe group formed during the tenth term.
Tengku Sulaiman Shah
Tengku Sulaiman Shah (Jawi: تڠكو سليمان شاه الحاج ابن المرحوم سلطان صلاح الدين عبدالعزيز شاه الحاج; born 17 June 1950) is a Malaysian corporate figure and member of the Selangor royal family. He is the second son of the 8th Sultan, Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj and the brother of the 9th and current Sultan, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah Alhaj. Currently, he is second-in-line to throne of Selangor after his nephew, Tengku Amir Shah.

Salahuddin of Selangor
Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Alhaj ibni Almarhum Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Alhaj (Jawi: سلطان صلاح الدين عبدالعزيز شاه الحاج إبن المرحوم سلطان حسام الدين عالم شاه الحاج; 8 March 1926 – 21 November 2001) was the Sultan of Selangor from 1960, and the eleventh Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia) from 1999, until his death in 2001.
Manipa
Manipa Island is an island in West Seram Regency, Maluku Province, Indonesia. It is located 8 km off the western coast of Kelang (from which it is separated by the Kelang Strait) at the western end of Seram Island and 25 km off the western coast of Buru. Including adjacent small islands, it forms an administrative district (kecamatan) within the regency, with its district centre at Masawoi. The district covers an area of 159.71 km2 and had a population of 7,165 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 7,793.

There are 7 villages (desa), listed with their populations according to the official estimates as at mid 2022: Luhutuban (3,288), Tuniwara (865), Buano Hatuputih (359), Tomalehu Barat (1,057), Tomalehu Timur (285), Kelang Asaude (889) and Masawoi (727). The inhabitants speak the Manipa language, as well as Indonesian and Ambonese Malay.

This island gives its name to the Manipa Strait between Buru and Seram.

Seram Island
Seram (formerly spelled Ceram; also Seran or Serang) is the largest and main island of Maluku province of Indonesia, despite Ambon Island's historical importance. It is located just north of the smaller Ambon Island and a few other adjacent islands, such as Saparua, Haruku, Nusa Laut and the Banda Islands.
Let's Be Happy
Let's Be Happy is a Technicolor 1957 British CinemaScope. musical film directed by Henry Levin and starring Tony Martin, Vera-Ellen and Robert Flemyng. It was written by Dorothy Cooper and Diana Morgan The film is an updated remake of Jeannie (1941) which itself was based on the stage play Jeannie by Aimée Stuart.

The film was Vera-Ellen's final film; she later withdrew from public life after the death of her daughter, Victoria Ellen Rothschild. The film was also Tony Martin's final appearance in a movie musical, although he later made a cameo appearance in Dear Mr. Wonderful (1982).

Jeannie (film)
Jeannie (also known as Girl in Distress) is a 1941 British romantic comedy film directed by Harold French and starring Barbara Mullen, Michael Redgrave, and Albert Lieven.

The film's sets were designed by Duncan Sutherland.

Based on a play of the same name by Aimée Stuart, it was loosely remade in 1957 as Let's Be Happy.
Rushton Park
Rushton Park (also known as Lane Group Stadium under ground sponsorship arrangements) is an Australian rules football ground located in Mandurah, Western Australia. Having been in use as a football ground since the early 1960s, the ground is currently used as a home ground by three clubs: the Peel Thunder, competing in the West Australian Football League (WAFL), the Mandurah Mustangs, competing in the Peel Football League (PFL), and the Peel Thunderbirds, competing in the West Australian Women's Football League (WAWFL). Rushton Park is the only regularly-used ground in the WAFL that falls outside the Perth metropolitan area.

Peel Thunder Football Club
The Peel Thunder Football Club is an Australian rules football club playing in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) and WAFL Women's (WAFLW). The team is based in Mandurah, Western Australia, with their home ground being Rushton Park. The club joined the WAFL as an expansion team in 1997.

Since 2014 Peel have been in a formal alignment with the Fremantle Dockers of the Australian Football League, an arrangement which sees Fremantle's reserve players play for Peel.
Peace Hotel
The Peace Hotel (Chinese: 和平饭店; pinyin: Hépíng Fàndiàn; Shanghainese: Wubin Vaedi) is a hotel on The Bund in Shanghai, China, known as the Fairmont Peace Hotel run by Fairmont Hotels and Resorts of Canada. The hotel has two different buildings. The north building, completed in 1929 as Sassoon House, originally housed the Cathay Hotel. Across Nanjing Road, the south building was built as the Palace Hotel in 1908, and is today a residence and studio for artists, known as The Swatch Art Peace Hotel.

The Bund
The Bund is a waterfront area and a protected historical district in central Shanghai. The area centers on a section of Zhongshan Road (East Zhongshan Road No.1) within the former Shanghai International Settlement, which runs along the western bank of the Huangpu River in the eastern part of Huangpu. The area along the river faces the modern skyscrapers of Lujiazui in Pudong. The Bund usually refers to the buildings and wharves on this section of the road, as well as some adjacent areas. This region has a significant European influence, with the style of many structures most comparable to that of European cities, particularly Gothic, Baroque, Neoclassical, Romanesque, Art Deco, and Renaissance architecture. Additionally, some of the city's top eateries are located there. From the 1860s to the 1930s, it was the rich and powerful center of the foreign establishment in Shanghai, operating as a legally protected treaty port.
Apink
Apink (Korean: 에이핑크; RR: Eipingkeu; Japanese: エーピンク) is a South Korean girl group formed in 2011, currently consists of five members: Chorong, Bomi, Eunji, Namjoo, and Hayoung. Originally a septet, Yookyung left in 2013 to pursue her education and Naeun left to pursue her acting career in 2022.

The group debuted on April 19, 2011, with the extended play (EP) Seven Springs of Apink.
Since their debut, Apink has won awards at shows such as the Golden Disc Awards, the Seoul Music Awards and the Mnet Asian Music Awards. Their first music program win was on M Countdown on January 5, 2012, for "My My" from their second EP Snow Pink. To date, Apink has released nine Korean EPs, five Korean studio albums, and three Japanese studio albums.

Jung Eun-ji
Jung Eun-ji (Korean: 정은지; born Jung Hye-rim on August 18, 1993) is a South Korean singer-songwriter and actress, best known for being a member of the South Korean girl group Apink. Jung released her debut solo extended play Dream in 2016.

Jung made her acting debut in the critically acclaimed hit coming-of-age television series Reply 1997 in 2012. She won several awards for her role including the 49th Baeksang Arts Award for Best New TV Actress. She has since had roles in That Winter, the Wind Blows (2013), Lovers of Music (2014), Cheer Up! (2015), Untouchable (2017), Work Later, Drink Now (2021–2022), Blind (2022), Miss Night and Day (2024), and Pump Up the Healthy Love (2025).
Siege of Bourges (762)
The siege of Bourges was a Frankish siege of the Aquitanian fortress town of Bourges in 762 during the Aquitanian War. The Frankish army under King Pepin the Short invested the fort with lines of circumvallation, contravallation and siege engines. The walls were breached and the fort taken. Count Chunibert of Bourges swore his loyalty to Pepin along with his Gascon levies and their families. Pepin appointed several counts of his own to garrison the place and the Frankish army went on to besiege Thouars.

Siege of Thouars (762)
The siege of Thouars was a Frankish siege of the Aquitanian stronghold of Thouars in 762 during the Aquitanian War. The Frankish army under King Pepin the Short besieged and captured the fort with great speed, burning the place to the ground, taking the count of Thouars captive and deporting him and Thouars' Gascon levies to Francia.