hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Metolius River
The Metolius River (pronounced muh TOLL ee us) is a tributary of the Deschutes River in Central Oregon, United States. The river flows north from springs near Black Butte, then turns sharply east, descending through a series of gorges before ending in the western end of Lake Billy Chinook. The unincorporated community of Camp Sherman lies astride the southern end of the river. The name of the river comes from the Warm Springs or Sahaptin word mitula, meaning white salmon and referring to a light colored Chinook salmon and not a whitefish.

The river's drainage basin is 315 square miles (820 km2) in area and, according to at least one estimate, contains 110 miles (180 km) of perennial streams, 324 miles (521 km) of intermittent streams, 42 lakes, and 121 ponds.

Deschutes River
The Deschutes River (/dəˈʃuːts/ də-SHOOTS) in central Oregon is a major tributary of the Columbia River. The river provides much of the drainage on the eastern side of the Cascade Range in Oregon, gathering many of the tributaries that descend from the drier, eastern flank of the mountains. The Deschutes provided an important route to and from the Columbia for Native Americans for thousands of years, and then in the 19th century for pioneers on the Oregon Trail. The river flows mostly through rugged and arid country, and its valley provides a cultural heart for central Oregon. Today the river supplies water for irrigation and is popular in the summer for whitewater rafting and fishing.

The Deschutes flows generally north, as do several other large Oregon tributaries of the Columbia River, including the Willamette and John Day.
Kantvik
Kantvik is a village in Kirkkonummi municipality in Uusimaa, Finland. It is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of the municipal center towards Upinniemi. Nearby services include a primary school and a Sale grocery store. There is a bus connection from Kantvik to the center of Kirkkonummi, such as lines 172, 173 and 904.

There is industry in Kantvik, such as the Suomen Sokeri sugar factory, and Mildola, which manufactures vegetable oil products. Kantvik has also two harbour areas, one of which, with an area of about five hectares, the Port of Helsinki manages.

Upinniemi
Upinniemi (Swedish: Obbnäs) is a village in the municipality of Kirkkonummi in southern Finland. It is located approximately 12 km south of the municipal centre.

Upinniemi is dominated by the Finnish naval base, which is one of the largest military installations in the country. The headquarters of the Gulf of Finland Naval Command is also located there.
Little Italy, Toronto
Little Italy, sometimes referred to as College Street West, is a district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is known for its Italian Canadian restaurants and businesses. There is also a significant Latin-Canadian and Portuguese-Canadian community in the area. The district is centred on a restaurant/bar/shopping strip along College Street, imprecisely between Harbord Street and Dundas Street, and spreading out east and west between Bathurst Street and Ossington Avenue. It is contained within the larger city-recognized neighbourhood of Palmerston-Little Italy.

Palmerston-Little Italy
Palmerston-Little Italy is a neighbourhood in central Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Its boundaries, according to the City of Toronto, are by Bathurst Street to the east, Bloor Street to the north, Dovercourt Road to the west and College Street to the south. It is a mature downtown neighbourhood. Within this official neighbourhood of the City of Toronto are two neighbourhoods, Palmerston and Little Italy and the commercial enclave of Mirvish Village.
Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italian: Ordine al merito della Repubblica Italiana) is the most senior Italian order of merit. It was established in 1951 by the second president of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi.

The highest-ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of science, literature, arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers.

The order effectively replaced national orders such as the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362).

Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation
The Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (Italian: Ordine Supremo della Santissima Annunziata) is a Catholic order of chivalry, originating in Savoy. It eventually was the pinnacle of the honours system in the Kingdom of Italy, which ceased to be a national order when the kingdom became a republic in 1946. Today, the order continues as a dynastic order under the jurisdiction of the Head of the House of Savoy.
Magic Kingdom
Magic Kingdom Park, or simply the Magic Kingdom, is a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida. It opened on October 1, 1971, and is owned and operated by the Walt Disney Company through its Experiences division. The park was initiated by Walt Disney and designed by WED Enterprises. Modeled after Disneyland in Anaheim, California, Magic Kingdom’s layout and attractions share many of the same themed features inspired by fairy tales and  Disney intellectual properties.

The park icon is Cinderella Castle, inspired by the fairy-tale castle featured in the 1950 animated film. In 2024, the park hosted 17.83 million visitors, making it the most visited theme park in the world for the eighteenth consecutive year and the most visited theme park in North America for at least the past 24 years. The park has become a cultural touchstone and symbol of modern American pop culture.

Cinderella Castle
Cinderella Castle is a fairy tale castle at the center of two Disney theme parks: the Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World, and Tokyo Disneyland at the Tokyo Disney Resort. Based on Cinderella's fairy tale castle from Disney's 1950 animated feature film, both serve as the symbol and flagship attraction for their respective theme parks. Along with Sleeping Beauty Castle, the Castle is a main symbol of the Walt Disney Company.
Plane wave
In physics, a plane wave is a special case of a wave or field: a physical quantity whose value, at any given moment, is constant through any plane that is perpendicular to a fixed direction in space.

For any position  in space and any time , the value of such a field can be written as

where  is a unit-length vector, and  is a function that gives the field's value as dependent on only two real parameters: the time , and the scalar-valued displacement  of the point  along the direction . The displacement is constant over each plane perpendicular to .

The values of the field  may be scalars, vectors, or any other physical or mathematical quantity.  They can be complex numbers, as in a complex exponential plane wave.

When the values of  are vectors, the wave is said to be a longitudinal wave if the vectors are always  collinear with the vector , and a transverse wave if they are always orthogonal (perpendicular) to it.

Sinusoidal plane wave
In physics, a sinusoidal plane wave is a special case of plane wave: a field whose value varies as a sinusoidal function of time and of the distance from some fixed plane. It is also called a monochromatic plane wave, with constant frequency (as in monochromatic radiation).
Masunobu Yoshimura
Masunobu Yoshimura (吉村 益信, Yoshimura Masunobu, May 22, 1932–March 15, 2011), was a Japanese visual and conceptual artist associated with the Neo-Dada movement. In 1960, he was the founder and leader of the short-lived but influential artistic collective Neo-Dada Organizers, which had as members several young artists who would later become well-known, including Genpei Akasegawa, Shūsaku Arakawa, and Ushio Shinohara. His "White House" atelier in Shinjuku, Tokyo served as the center of the group's activities.

Genpei Akasegawa
Katsuhiko Akasegawa (赤瀬川 克彦, Akasegawa Katsuhiko, March 27, 1937 – October 26, 2014), known by his pseudonym Genpei Akasegawa (赤瀬川 原平, Akasegawa Genpei), was a Japanese artist and writer. He used another pseudonym, Katsuhiko Otsuji (尾辻 克彦, Otsuji Katsuhiko), for literary works. A member of the influential artist groups Neo-Dada Organizers and Hi-Red Center, Akasegawa went on to maintain a multi-disciplinary practice throughout his career as an individual artist. He has had retrospective exhibitions at the Hiroshima City Museum of Contemporary Art, Chiba City Museum, and Oita City Museum. His work is in the permanent collection at Museum of Modern Art in New York. Artist Nam June Paik has described Akasegawa as “one of those unexportable geniuses of Japan.”
Gilbert Campion, 1st Baron Campion
Gilbert Francis Montriou Campion, 1st Baron Campion, GCB (11 May 1882 – 6 April 1958), known as Sir Gilbert Campion between 1937 and 1950, was a British civil servant. He served as Clerk of the House of Commons from 1937 to 1948.

Clerk of the House of Commons
The Under Clerk of the Parliaments, known informally as the clerk of the House of Commons, is the chief executive of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom, and before 1707 in the House of Commons of England. The Clerk of the Parliaments is the counterpart in the House of Lords.
Circle of antisimilitude
In inversive geometry, the circle of antisimilitude (also known as mid-circle) of two circles, α and β, is a reference circle for which α and β are inverses of each other. If α and β are non-intersecting or tangent, a single circle of antisimilitude exists; if α and β intersect at two points, there are two circles of antisimilitude.  When α and β are congruent, the circle of antisimilitude degenerates to a line of symmetry through which α and β are reflections of each other.

Inversive geometry
In geometry, inversive geometry is the study of inversion, a transformation of the Euclidean plane that maps circles or lines to other circles or lines and that preserves the angles between crossing curves. Many difficult problems in geometry become much more tractable when an inversion is applied. Inversion seems to have been discovered by a number of people contemporaneously, including Steiner (1824), Quetelet (1825), Bellavitis (1836), Stubbs and Ingram (1842–3) and Kelvin (1845).
The concept of inversion can be generalized to higher-dimensional spaces.
Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival
The Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival or CARES was initiated in 2004 as an agreement between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Department of Emergency Medicine at Emory University. It is a simple but powerful database that allows cities to collect a small set of performance measures from 9-1-1, first responders, fire departments, and Emergency Medical Services, and link it with outcome data from hospitals. This data enables cities to perform internal benchmarking and improve their response to cardiac arrest by strengthening the chain of  survival in their community. Because most EMS systems don't measure their response effectively, they are unable to implement change in an effective manner. Since the program's inception, survival from cardiac arrest in the city of Atlanta has increased from 3% to 15%. For the last half of 2007, survival in Atlanta increased to 31.2%.

Chain of survival
The chain of survival refers to a series of actions that, properly executed, reduce the mortality associated with sudden cardiac arrest. Like any chain, the chain of survival is only as strong as its weakest link. The six interdependent links in the chain of survival are early recognition of sudden cardiac arrest and access to emergency medical care, early CPR, early defibrillation, early advanced cardiac life support, and physical and emotional recovery. The first three links in the chain can be performed by lay bystanders, while the second three links are designated to medical professionals. Currently, between 70 and 90% of cardiac arrest patients die before they reach the hospital. However, a cardiac arrest does not have to be lethal if bystanders can take the right steps immediately.
Tullamarine Bus Lines
Tullamarine Bus Lines was a bus operator in Melbourne, Australia. It operated eight bus routes under contract to Public Transport Victoria. In addition, it also had a taxi management business called Cabways.

Tullamarine Bus Lines was sold to ComfortDelGro Australia on 1 May 2018 and its bus operations were integrated into its CDC Melbourne subsidiary.

CDC Melbourne
CDC Melbourne is a bus operator in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It operates 55 bus routes under contract to Public Transport Victoria. It is one of the brands of CDC Victoria, which is in turn a subsidiary of ComfortDelGro Australia.

As of July 2025, CDC Melbourne is one of the top three largest commuter bus operators in Melbourne, with 20% of the market share in the city.
Control key
In computing, a Control key Ctrl is a modifier key which, when pressed in conjunction with another key, performs a special operation (for example, Ctrl+C). Similarly to the Shift key, the Control key rarely performs any function when pressed by itself. The Control key is located on or near the bottom left side of most keyboards (in accordance with the international standard ISO/IEC 9995-2), with many featuring an additional one at the bottom right.

On keyboards that use English abbreviations for key labeling, it is usually labeled Ctrl (Control or Ctl are sometimes used, but it is uncommon). Abbreviations in the language of the keyboard layout also are in use, e.g., the German keyboard layout uses Strg (Steuerung) as required by the German standard DIN 2137:2012-06. There is a standardized keyboard symbol (to be used when Latin lettering is not preferred). This symbol is encoded in Unicode as U+2388 helm symbol ⎈, but it is very rarely used.

Control-C
Control-C is a common computer command. It is generated by holding down the Ctrl key and typing the C key.

In graphical user interface environments, control+C is often used to copy highlighted text to the clipboard. Macintosh computers use ⌘ Command+C for this.

In many command-line interface environments, control+C is used to abort the current task and regain user control.
Manila Dolomite Beach
Manila Baywalk Dolomite Beach, commonly known as Dolomite Beach, is an artificial beach along Manila Bay in Manila, Philippines created through the process of beach nourishment. It is part of an overall integrated coastal zone management aimed at coastal defense of the Manila Bay Rehabilitation project. The beach was planned to cover a total length of 900 meters of the Manila Baywalk. The beach was first opened from September 19 to 20, 2020, but was closed for expansion. The artificial beach was declared complete in October 2022.

Baywalk
The Baywalk is a popular seaside promenade and beachfront overlooking Manila Bay along Roxas Boulevard in Manila, the Philippines. The Baywalk is a two-kilometre stretch from the US Embassy near Rizal Park up to the Cultural Center of the Philippines just past the Manila Yacht Club. Several statues of national figures and other notable people can be found in the Baywalk.
Mini MPV
Mini MPV (an abbreviation for mini multi-purpose vehicle) is a vehicle size class for the smallest size of minivans/multi-purpose vehicles (MPVs). The mini MPV size class sits below the compact MPV size class and the vehicles are often built on the platforms of B-segment hatchback models. By the European definition, the mini MPV commonly consists of vans with two rows of seats, while in Asia mini MPVs with three rows are common. Sliding doors are sometimes also fitted to mini MPVs. Mini MPVs are also called tall-hatchbacks or small MPVs.

Compact MPV
Compact MPV (an abbreviation for Compact Multi-Purpose Vehicle) is a vehicle size class for the middle size of MPVs. The Compact MPV size class sits between the mini MPV and large MPV (minivan) size classes.

Compact MPVs remain predominantly a European phenomenon, although they are also built and sold in many Latin American, African, and Asian markets.  As of 2016, the only compact MPV sold widely in the United States was the Ford C-Max.
Alien Thunder
Alien Thunder (also known as Dan Candy's Law) is a 1974 Canadian Northern film directed by Claude Fournier and starring Donald Sutherland, Gordon Tootoosis, Chief Dan George, 
Kevin McCarthy, and Francine Racette. Its original screenplay was written by W.O. Mitchell but Mitchell removed his name from the final release due to changes that were made.

Northern (genre)
The Northern or Northwestern is a genre in various arts that tell stories set primarily in the late 19th or early 20th century in the north of North America, primarily in western Canada but also in Alaska. It is similar to the Western genre, but certain elements are different, as appropriate to its setting. It is common for the central character to be a Mountie instead of a cowboy or sheriff. Other common characters include fur trappers and traders, lumberjacks, frontiersmen, prospectors, First Nations people, outlaws, settlers, and townsfolk.

International interest in the region and the genre was fuelled by the Klondike Gold Rush (1896–99) and subsequent works surrounding it, fiction and non-fiction. The genre was extremely popular in the interwar period of the 20th century. Northerns are still produced, but their popularity waned in the late 1950s.
New York State Route 355
New York State Route 355 (NY 355) is an east–west state highway in Rensselaer County, New York, in the United States. The western terminus of the route is at an intersection with NY 66 in the town of North Greenbush. Its eastern terminus is at a junction with NY 351 in the hamlet of Poestenkill within the town of the same name. NY 355 originally consisted only of the section of the route between NY 66 and Spring Avenue; however, it was extended east to Postenkill hamlet in 1980, partially replacing NY 154.

New York State Route 351
New York State Route 351 (NY 351) is a north–south state highway in central Rensselaer County, New York, in the United States. It extends for 8.16 miles (13.13 km) from an intersection with NY 43 in the Sand Lake hamlet of West Sand Lake to a junction with NY 2 in the Brunswick hamlet of Cropseyville. The portion of NY 351 north of the hamlet of Poestenkill was originally designated as New York State Route 153 in the 1930s. This designation was removed in the 1940s, and the West Sand Lake–Cropseyville roadway became County Route 77 (CR 77) sometime afterward. On April 1, 1980, all of CR 77 was transferred to the state of New York, at which time it was redesignated as NY 351 by the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT).
Amur-Nyzhnodniprovskyi District
The Amur-Nyzhnodniprovskyi District (Ukrainian: Амур-Нижньодніпровський район; sometimes abbr.  "AND"), formerly known as Nyzhnodniprovskyi District (Нижньодніпровський район), is an urban district of the city of Dnipro, in southern Ukraine. It is located on the city's north and on the left-bank of Dnieper River along with the city's Industrialnyi and Samarskyi districts.

Its name is derived from the Amur neighborhood and the Nyzhnodniprovsk railway station. The first village located on what is now the Nyzhnodniprovskyi District was founded in the late 16th century, making the area one of the oldest inhabited parts of Dnipro.

Industrialnyi District, Dnipro
The Industrialnyi District (Ukrainian: Індустріальний район) is an urban district of the city of Dnipro, in southern Ukraine. It is located at the northern portion of the city on the left-bank of Dnieper River along with the city's Amur-Nyzhnodniprovskyi and Samarskyi districts.
William Johnston (Irish politician)
William Johnston (22 February 1829 – 17 July 1902) was an Irish Orangeman, unionist and Member of Parliament for Belfast, distinguished by his independent working-class following and commitment to reform. He first entered the  United Kingdom Parliament as an Irish Conservative in 1868, celebrated for having broken a standing ban on Orange Order processions and as the nominee of an association of "Protestant Workers". At Westminster, Johnston supported the secret ballot; the accommodation of trade unions and strike action; land reform; and women's suffrage. He was succeeded in 1902 as the MP for South Belfast, by Thomas Sloan, similarly supported by loyalist workers in opposition to the conservative and unionist candidates favoured by their employers.

Thomas Sloan
Thomas Henry Sloan (1870–1941) was an Irish unionist and co-founder of the Independent Orange Order (IOO). The choice of a loyalist workers association over the official Conservative Unionist nominee, he represented the Belfast South constituency as an Independent Unionist at the Westminster parliament from 1902 to 1910. He and members of the IOO supported workers in the Belfast Lockout of 1907.
Paeroa–Pōkeno Line
The Paeroa-Pōkeno railway line or deviation in the upper North Island of New Zealand between Paeroa on the East Coast Main Trunk (ECMT) and Pōkeno on the North Island Main Trunk (NIMT) was a proposed route with construction started but abandoned. The proposal has been revived in recent years as part of a more direct route between Auckland and Tauranga.

East Coast Main Trunk
The East Coast Main Trunk (ECMT) is a railway line in the North Island of New Zealand, originally running between Hamilton and Taneatua via Tauranga, connecting the Waikato with the Bay of Plenty. The ECMT now runs between Hamilton and Kawerau, with a branch line to Taneatua from the junction at Hawkens. The line is built to narrow gauge of 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in), the uniform gauge in New Zealand. It was known as the East Coast Main Trunk Railway until 2011, when the word "Railway" was dropped.
James Stafford (pilot boat)
The James Stafford was a 19th-century Sandy Hook pilot boat built in 1888 for the New York Pilots. She took the place of the pilot boat Enchantress, that was lost in the Great Blizzard of 1888. She was named after James Stafford, one of the oldest and prominent shipping men of Brooklyn. She sank near Sandy Hook in 1898 when she ran into the Dry Romer shoal. At that time, the Stafford was one of the oldest pilot-boats still in service in a time when they were being replaced with steam pilot boats.

Enchantress (pilot boat)
The Enchantress was a 19th-century Sandy Hook pilot boat built in 1851 by John Maginn who named her after one of the cast in the opera The Enchantress. She was launched from the Westervelt & McKay shipyard. The Enchantress was one of the oldest pilot-boats in the service. She was Cornelius Vanderbilt's favorite pilot boat. The Enchantress went down with all hands in the Great Blizzard of 1888. The pilot boat James Stafford was built to replace her.
Defynnog
Defynnog, (sometimes found as Devynock in some historical documents), is a small village in the community of Maescar in the historic county of Brecknockshire, Wales, now lying within the unitary authority area of Powys. It lies immediately south of Sennybridge and about ten miles west of Brecon within the Brecon Beacons National Park.

Sennybridge
Sennybridge (Welsh: Pontsenni) is a village in Powys, Wales, in the historic county of Brecknockshire, situated some 42 miles (68 km) from Cardiff and 31 miles (50 km) from Swansea. It lies 9 miles (14 km) west of Brecon on the A40 trunk road to Llandovery, at the point where the Afon Senni flows into the Usk.  It is in the community of Maescar.