hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2004 Nazran raid
The Nazran raid was a large-scale raid carried out in the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia on the night of June 21–22, 2004, by a group of Chechen militants led by Chechen commanders Shamil Basayev and Dokka Umarov. Basayev's main goal, besides capturing a large cache of weapons, was a show of strength. The attack by Chechen fighters on the Ingush city of Nazran is associated with the bad attitude of the Ingush authorities towards Chechen refugees.

Nazran
Nazran (Russian: Назра́нь; Ingush: Наьсаре, romanized: Näsare) is the largest city in Ingushetia, Russia. It served as the republic's capital from 1991 to 2000, until it was replaced by Magas, which was built for this purpose. It is the most populous city in the republic, with a population of 122,350 in the 2021 census.
Beauharnois scandal
The Beauharnois scandal was a Canadian political scandal around 1930. The Beauharnois Light, Heat and Power Company had given $700,000 to the ruling Liberal Party of Canada in the run-up to the 1930 federal election in exchange for the right to change the flow of the St. Lawrence River through building a hydroelectric power station.

The scandal "tainted" the reputation of Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, although it was not discovered until the year after he had lost the election. Later commentators have suggested it was the "most famous" example of political bribery in the decade.

Beauharnois generating station
The Beauharnois generating station is a run-of-the-river hydroelectric power station along the Saint Lawrence Seaway on the Saint Lawrence River, in Quebec, Canada. The station was built in three phases, and comprises 36 turbines, capable of generating up to 1,903 MW of electrical power. Constructions on the facility began in 1930 and was completed in 1961.

The facility was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1990.
Pejman Nozad
Pejman Nozad is an Iranian-American venture capitalist known for co-founding Pear VC and Amidzad Partners. He is also a former radio host and professional soccer player. He was ranked in the 15th spot in Forbes' annual Midas List in 2021 and also 2022.  He was #1 on the seed investors list in 2024.

Pear VC
Pear VC (prior name Pejman Mar) is a seed-stage venture firm based in Menlo Park, California. It was founded by Pejman Nozad and Mar Hershenson in 2013. Pear VC works with early-stage companies. The company was originally based in Palo Alto, California before relocating to Menlo Park. It had approximately US$800 million in assets under management as of 2023.
Malihabad
Malihabad is a town and nagar panchayat in the Lucknow district of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is also the seat of a tehsil and a community development block of the same name. As of 2011, its population was 17,818, in 3,032 households. Malihabad is the largest of Uttar Pradesh's 14 designated mango belts and accounted for 12.5% of all mango production in the state in 2013. Hundreds of mango varieties are grown here, including the Chausa, Langda, Safeda, and most famously the Dasheri, the "king of mangoes" of which it is one of India's main producers and exporters. Mango grower and Padma Shri recipient Haji Kaleem Ullah Khan has contributed to the popularization of Malihabad's mango industry.

Malihabad is also a centre of chikan embroidery work.

Malihabad has two slum areas called Joshin Tola (pop. 475) and Basti Dhanwant Rai (pop. 589), with 5.97% of the town's population living in them.

Neighbouring places include Garhi Sanjar Khan to the west and Bakhtiyarnagar to the south.

Dasheri
The Dasheri mango is a mango cultivar which originated in a village near Malihabad in Lucknow district and was recognised in the 18th century. It is a sweet and fragrant variety of mango grown in North India, the southern state Andhra Pradesh, Nepal, and Pakistan. Malihabad in Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer.
Madison County, Florida
Madison County is a county located in the north central portion of the state of Florida, and borders the state of Georgia to the north. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,968. Its county seat is also called Madison.

Suwannee County, Florida
Suwannee County is a county located in the north central portion of the state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 43,474, up from 41,551 in 2010. Its county seat is Live Oak. Suwannee County was a dry county until August 2011, when the sale of alcoholic beverages became legal in the county.
Tharai Thappattai
Tharai Thappattai is a 2016 Tamil-language psychological action drama film written, produced and directed by Bala. The film features M. Sasikumar and Varalaxmi Sarathkumar in the leading roles, while Ilaiyaraaja composed the film's music based on karakattam. This film also happened to be Ilaiyaraaja's 1000th film. The film began production in 2013 and released on 14 January 2016. Ilaiyaraaja won the National Film Award for Best Background Score at the 63rd National Film Awards.

M. Sasikumar
Sasikumar Mahalingam (born 28 September 1974) is an Indian actor, film director, film producer, screenwriter and playback singer. He worked as an assistant director for director Bala in Sethu (1999), also worked for director Ameer in his first two films Mounam Pesiyadhe   (2002) and Raam (2005).

He is best known in the Tamil film industry for his debut film Subramaniapuram (2008), which became a blockbuster. He has won several accolades including a National Film Award, two Norway Tamil Film Festival Awards, two Filmfare Awards South and one Tamil Nadu State Film Award.
Lakshminath Bezbarua
Lakshminath Bezbarua (Assamese: [lɔkʰminatʰ bɛzbɔɹuwa]; 14 October 1864 – 26 March 1938) was an Indian poet, novelist and playwright of modern Assamese literature. Commonly known as the father of the Assamese short story. He was one of the literary stalwarts of the Jonaki Era, the age of romanticism in Assamese literature; with his essays, plays, fiction, poetry and satires, he gave a new impetus to the then stagnating Assamese literary caravan.

He responded to the prevailing social environment through his satirical works to bring and sustain positive changes to the former. His literature reflected the deeper urges of the people of Assam.

Jonaki (magazine)
Jonaki (Assamese: জোনাকী; lit Moonlight) was an Assamese language magazine published from Calcutta in 1889. It was also the mouthpiece of the then Assamese literary society Asamiya Bhasa Unnati Sadhini Sabha in which the society’s aim and objectives were regularly expressed. The first editor of the magazine was Chandra Kumar Agarwala.
Law enforcement in Germany
Law enforcement in Germany is constitutionally vested primarily with the states—one of the main features of German federalism. Additionally to those 16 state police forces (Landespolizei), there exists a federal police (Bundespolizei), as well as a federal investigative bureau (Bundeskriminalamt), the customs service (Zoll), and a small police force at the German parliament (Bundestagspolizei).

Federal Police (Germany)
The Federal Police (German: Bundespolizei, [ˈbʊndəspoliˌtsaɪ] ⓘ, BPOL) is the national and principal federal law enforcement agency of the Federal Government of Germany. It is subordinate to the Federal Ministry of the Interior and is responsible for land and maritime border control, law enforcement at airports and on the railway system, and the protection of federal institutions. Before 1 July 2005, the agency was known as the Bundesgrenzschutz (Federal Border Guard).
SRM Institute of Science and Technology
SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST) is a private deemed university located in Kattankulathur, (near Chennai), Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1985 as SRM Engineering College in Kattankulathur, it gained the deemed University status in 2002. SRM Institute of Science and Technology is spread across six campuses — Chennai (Kattankulathur, Ramapuram, Vadapalani, Baburayanpettai), Ghaziabad and Tiruchirappalli. Those are all same off-campuses of same University with headquarters being in Chennai (Kattankulathur) as per section 3 of University Grants Commission Act, 1956. It has three sister universities in Amaravati (Andhra Pradesh), Sonepet (Haryana) and Gangtok (Sikkim).

SRM University, Andhra Pradesh
SRM University-AP, Andhra Pradesh (SRMAP) is a state private university located near Neerukonda village in Mangalagiri mandal of Guntur district in Andhra Pradesh, India, in the area of the planned capital city Amaravati. The university was established in 2017 by the SRM Trust through the Andhra Pradesh Private Universities (Establishment and Regulation) Act, 2016. It offers undergraduate, postgraduate courses and Ph.D programmes in engineering, liberal arts and basic sciences.
Abdullah Siddiqui
Abdullah Siddiqui (Urdu: عبداللہ صدیقی; born 5 August 2000) is a Pakistani singer, songwriter, and producer associated with Urdu and English language music. He made his breakthrough appearance on Nescafé Basement season 5 with his song "Resistance", and followed it up by making his album debut with Metannoya in 2019. He further released three albums, namely Heterotopia (2020), dead Beat poets (2021) and dead Beats poets: side B (2021).

In January 2022, he was announced as an associate producer of Coke Studio season 14. This made him the series' youngest ever associate producer. The same month, he produced the 2022 Pakistan Super League anthem "Agay Dekh".

Nescafé Basement
Nescafé Basement is a Pakistani music television series which features studio-recorded performances by underground and emerging artists. The show is produced by Nescafé. The artists are recruited and mentored by Xulfi, who is also the music producer of the show. The first song released from Nescafé Basement was a cover of Sajjad Ali's "Larri Adda".
400 Days (novel)
400 Days is a 2021 mystery novel by Indian author Chetan Bhagat. It is Bhagat's tenth novel and the third installment in the Keshav-Saurabh series, following The Girl in Room 105 (2018) and One Arranged Murder (2020). The novel blends elements of mystery and romance, focusing on a detective case involving a missing child.

One Arranged Murder
One Arranged Murder is the ninth novel and the twelfth book overall written by the Indian author Chetan Bhagat. The novel is the sequel to Bhagat's 2018 novel The Girl in Room 105. A sequel to the book named 400 Days was released in 2021
Duke of Cornwall Hotel
The Duke of Cornwall Hotel is a hotel in the city of Plymouth, Devon, England. It opened in 1865 to cater for the increasing number of travellers who were coming to the region by rail and sea.

The hotel survived the World War II Plymouth Blitz without damage, and was the venue for regular functions throughout the war. In the 1970s and early 1980s it was threatened with closure but, helped by poet laureate John Betjeman's praise for its architecture, it was saved by a major refurbishment.

John Betjeman
Sir John Betjeman CBE (/ˈbɛtʃəmən/; 28 August 1906 – 19 May 1984) was an English poet, writer, and broadcaster. He was Poet Laureate from 1972 until his death. He was a founding member of The Victorian Society and first president of The Hackney Society and a passionate defender of Victorian architecture, helping to save St Pancras railway station from demolition. He began his career as a journalist and ended it as one of the most popular British Poets Laureate and a much-loved figure on British television.
Optus
Singtel Optus Pty Limited is a major Australian telecommunications company headquartered in Macquarie Park, Sydney. Optus is the second-largest telecommunications company in Australia, with over 11 million customers as of 2023. Its mobile network covers 98.5% of the Australian population, with plans to cover all of Australia by 2025 through its partnership with SpaceX.

It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Singaporean telecommunications company Singtel.

Telecommunications in Australia
Telecommunications in Australia refers to communication in Australia through electronic means, using devices such as telephone, television, radio or computer, and services such as the telephony and broadband networks. Telecommunications have always been important in Australia given the "tyranny of distance" with a dispersed population. Governments have driven telecommunication development and have a key role in its regulation.
M40 motorway
The M40 motorway links London, Oxford, and Birmingham in England, a distance of about 89 miles (143 km).

The motorway is dual three lanes except for junction 1A to junction 3 (which is dual four lanes) a short section in-between the exit and entry slip-roads at junction 4 (which is two lanes in both directions) and also between the slip-roads at junction 9 (in the south-eastbound direction only).

An Active Traffic Management system operates on the short section north-westbound from junction 16 (A3400) to the M42.

A34 road
The A34 is a major road in England.  It runs from the A33 and M3 at Winchester in Hampshire, to the A6 and A6042 in Salford, close to Manchester City Centre. It forms a large part of the major trunk route from Southampton, via Oxford, to Birmingham, The Potteries and Manchester. For most of its length (together with the A5011 and parts of the A50, and A49), it forms part of the former Winchester–Preston Trunk Road. Improvements to the section of road forming the Newbury Bypass around Newbury were the scene of significant direct action environmental protests in the 1990s. It is 151 miles (243 km) long.
Enter a Murderer
Enter a Murderer is a detective novel by Ngaio Marsh. This is her second novel to feature Chief Inspector Roderick Alleyn, and was first published in 1935. The novel is the first of the theatrical novels for which Marsh was to become famous, taking its title from a line of stage direction in Macbeth. The plot concerns the on-stage murder of an actor who has managed to antagonize nearly every member of the cast and crew. By chance, Inspector Alleyn is in the audience.

This novel marks the first appearance of Alleyn's sidekick, Inspector Fox.  The book has been praised for its realistic setting in the theatre and dramatic themes.

Roderick Alleyn
Roderick Alleyn (pronounced "Allen") is a fictional character who first appeared in 1934. He is the policeman hero of the 32 detective novels of Ngaio Marsh. Marsh and her gentleman detective belong firmly in the Golden Age of Detective Fiction, although the last Alleyn novel, Light Thickens, was published in 1982.

Marsh mentions in an introduction that she named her detective Alleyn after the Elizabethan actor Edward Alleyn, founder of Dulwich College, where her father had been a pupil. She started a novel with Alleyn in 1931, after reading a detective story by Agatha Christie or Dorothy L. Sayers on a wet Saturday afternoon in London and wondering if she could write something in the genre. So she bought six exercise books and a pencil at a local stationer and started A Man Lay Dead, involving a Murder Game, which was then popular at English weekend parties.
Sliman Mansour
Sliman Mansour (also Suleiman or Suliman, Arabic: سليمان منصور, born 1947) is a Palestinian painter, sculptor, author and cartoonist, considered a leading figure among contemporary Palestinian artists. Mansour is considered an artist of intifada whose work captures the cultural concept of sumud. His paintings which have been exhibited around the world reflect the Palestinian struggle and include images of women in Palestinian traditional clothing and Levantine tree-filled landscapes. In 1987, he was part of the New Visions collective that boycotted Israeli supplies and instead used local natural Palestinian materials.

Palestinian artist and scholar Samia Halaby has identified Mansour as part of the Liberation Art Movement and cites his important work as an artist and cultural practitioner before and after the Intifada.

Palestinian art
Palestinian art is a term used to refer to artwork either originating from historic Palestine,  as well as paintings, posters, installation art, costumes, and handcrafts produced by Palestinian artists in modern and contemporary times.

Similar to the structure of Palestinian society, the Palestinian art field extends over four main geographic centers: the modern-day nation of Palestine (consisting of the West Bank and Gaza Strip), Israel, the Palestinian diaspora in the Arab world, and Europe and the United States.

Contemporary Palestinian art finds its roots in folk art and traditional Christian and Islamic painting popular in Palestine over the ages. After the Nakba of 1948, nationalistic themes have predominated as Palestinian artists use diverse media to express and explore their connection to identity and land.
Old Ireland in Colour
Old Ireland in Colour is the first in a series of non-fiction history books written by Irish academics John Breslin and Sarah-Anne Buckley. Released in Ireland in 2020 and in the US in 2021, it consists chiefly of colourisations of black-and-white historical photographs by Breslin along with historical context and captions written by Buckley.

It was Ireland's bestselling book during Christmas 2020 and was winner of the Best Irish-Published Book Award 2020. A sequel, Old Ireland in Colour 2, was announced in July 2021 and published in September 2021. A third book in the series, Old Ireland in Colour 3, was published in October 2023.

John Breslin
John Breslin (Irish: Seán Ó Breisleáin; born 1973 in Dublin, Ireland) is an Irish engineer and full professor at the University of Galway. He is co-founder of the Irish websites boards.ie and adverts.ie. He co-authored the Irish bestselling book Old Ireland in Colour in 2020, Old Ireland in Colour 2 in 2021, and  Old Ireland in Colour 3 in 2023.
Craig Keith
Craig Carlton Keith (born April 27, 1971) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end  for three seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Pittsburgh Steelers  and Jacksonville Jaguars. He was selected by the Steelers in the seventh round of the 1993 NFL draft after playing college football for the Lenoir–Rhyne Bears.

Lenoir–Rhyne Bears football
The Lenoir–Rhyne Bears football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Lenoir–Rhyne University located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. The team competes in the NCAA Division II and are members of the South Atlantic Conference. Lenoir–Rhyne's first football team was fielded in 1907. The team plays its home games at the 10,000 seat Moretz Stadium in Hickory, North Carolina.
Arion circumscriptus
Arion circumscriptus, common name brown-banded arion, is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Arionidae.

It is commonest in woodland, occurring across most of Europe, except for more southern regions, and is also widespread in North America. It has been argued that A. circumscriptus is best considered a colour morph of Arion fasciatus.

Subspecies

Arion circumscriptus circumscriptus G. Johnston, 1828

Arion circumscriptus silvaticus Lohmander, 1937

Slug
Slug or land slug is a common name for any apparently shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusc. The word slug is also often used as part of the common name of any gastropod mollusc that has no shell, a very reduced shell, or only a small internal shell, particularly sea slugs and semi-slugs (this is in contrast to the common name snail, which applies to gastropods that have a coiled shell large enough that they can fully retract their soft parts into it).

Various taxonomic families of land slugs form part of several quite different evolutionary lineages, which also include snails. Thus, the various families of slugs are not closely related, despite the superficial similarity in overall body form. The shell-less condition has arisen many times independently as an example of convergent evolution, and thus the category "slug" is polyphyletic.
Richard Nickel
Richard Stanley Nickel (May 31, 1928 – April 13, 1972) was a Polish American architectural photographer and historical preservationist, who was based in Chicago, Illinois. He is best known for his efforts to preserve and document the buildings of architect Louis Sullivan, and the work of the architecture firm of Adler & Sullivan.

Louis Sullivan
Louis Henry Sullivan (September 3, 1856 – April 14, 1924) was an American architect, and has been called a "father of skyscrapers" and "father of modernism". He was an influential architect of the Chicago School, a mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright, and an inspiration to the Chicago group of architects who have come to be known as the Prairie School. Along with Wright and Henry Hobson Richardson, Sullivan is one of "the recognized trinity of American architecture." The phrase "form follows function" is attributed to him; it encapsulated earlier theories of architecture and he applied them to the modern age of the skyscraper. In 1944, Sullivan was the second architect to posthumously receive the AIA Gold Medal.
Bangunkarta
Bangunkarta is an Indonesian passenger train, operated by Kereta Api Indonesia. It runs between Jakarta Pasar Senen and Jombang via Purwokerto, Yogyakarta, and Madiun.

The train runs daily each way between Jombang Regency and Jakarta.

The train's name is a portmanteau of the names of the cities and regencies that the train service passes through: Jombang, Madiun, and DKI Jakarta.

Pasar Senen railway station
Pasar Senen Station (PSE) is a railway station located in Jakarta, Indonesia. It is the second largest railway station in Jakarta after Gambir Station. It is located close to Pasar Senen market area in Senen, Senen, Central Jakarta. The current building was built in 1918 and inaugurated on 19 March 1925.

Pasar Senen only serves Economy and Business class intercity train except Gumarang and Sawunggalih. It also serves as a station for northbound KRL Commuterline trains.
Colin Stanley Gum
Colin Stanley Gum (4 June 1924 – 29 April 1960) was an Australian astronomer known for his cataloguing of emission nebulae and the publication of his findings. This catalogue is called the Gum catalogue.

Gum catalog
The Gum catalog is an astronomical catalog of 84 emission nebulae in the southern sky. It was made by the Australian astronomer Colin Stanley Gum (1924-1960) at Mount Stromlo Observatory using wide field photography.  Gum published his findings in 1955 in a study entitled A study of diffuse southern H-alpha nebulae which presented a catalog of 84 nebulae or nebular complexes. Similar catalogs include the Sharpless catalog and the RCW catalog, and many of the Gum objects are repeated in these other catalogs. However, the RCW and Gum catalogs were mainly of the southern hemisphere (Mount Stromlo is in the southern hemisphere)

The Gum Nebula is named for Gum, who discovered it as Gum 12; it is an emission nebula that can be found in the southern constellations Vela and Puppis.
Jumping Park
Jump Park is the ski jumping hills in the Muju Resort. It is located in Muju, South Korea. The ski jumping hills consist of a large hill with a K-point of 120, a normal hill with a K-point of 90, and two training hills. It hosted the ski jumping at the 1997 Winter Universiade. The latest events at the venue was the summer ski jumping held in September 2008.

Muju Resort
Muju Resort (Korean: 무주리조트), officially Muju Deogyusan Resort (무주덕유산리조트) is a ski resort in Muju, South Korea. It is located on the north face of the Seolcheon Peak at an elevation of 1,520 metres (4,990 ft) above sea level on the Deogyu Mountain. Also located in the Deogyu Mountain National Park, it is the only ski resort in South Korea situated in national park.

The resort is one of the largest ski resorts in South Korea. It has the second-highest vertical drop in South Korea after the 2018 Winter Olympic downhill slopes and the highest vertical drop of the commercial resorts.