hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
JSW Steel
JSW Steel Limited is an Indian multinational steel producer based in Mumbai and is a flagship company of the JSW Group. After the merger of Bhushan Power & Steel, Ispat Steel and Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Limited, JSW Steel became one of India's largest private sector steel companies.

Bhushan Power & Steel
Not to be confused with Bhushan Steel, another company promoted by the same family

JSW Bhushan Power & Steel Limited (JSW BPSL) formerly known as Bhushan Power & Steel Limited is a steel company that is engaged in the manufacturing and marketing of steel products. It was established in 1970. In July 2019, BPSL was allegedly involved in fraud worth ₹3805.15 crore rupees (US$535.23 million), as detected by Punjab National Bank. It is one of India's most indebted companies and appears among the 12 companies referred by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to a bankruptcy court for the purpose of debt resolution.
1078 Mentha
1078 Mentha, provisional designation 1926 XB, is a stony background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 13 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 7 December 1926, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. Only in 1958, it was realized that this object was a rediscovery of an already numbered but lost asteroid (864 Aase).

The asteroid was named after the flowering plant of the mint family, Mentha. It has a longer-than average spin rate of 85 hours and possibly an irregular, elongated shape.

864 Aase
864 Aase is an S-type asteroid belonging to the Flora family in the Main Belt.

The object A917 CB discovered 13 February 1917, by Max Wolf was named 864 Aase, and the object 1926 XB discovered 7 December 1926, by Karl Reinmuth was named 1078 Mentha. In 1958 it was established that these were one and the same object. In 1974, this was resolved by keeping the name 1078 Mentha and reusing the name and number 864 Aase for the object 1921 KE, discovered 30 September 1921, by Karl Reinmuth. Aase refers to Åse, the mother of Peer Gynt, the character from Henrik Ibsen's play Peer Gynt.
Hush'd Be the Camps To-Day
"Hush'd Be the Camps To-Day" is a poem by Walt Whitman dedicated to Abraham Lincoln.
The poem was written on April 19, 1865, shortly after Lincoln's assassination.  Whitman greatly admired Lincoln and went on to write additional poetry about him: "O Captain! My Captain!", "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd", and "This Dust Was Once the Man." "Hush'd" is not particularly well known, and is generally considered to have been hastily written. Some critics highlight the poem as Whitman's first attempt to respond to Lincoln's death and emphasize that it would have drawn comparatively little attention if Whitman had not written his other poems on Lincoln.

This Dust Was Once the Man
"This Dust Was Once the Man" is a brief elegy written by Walt Whitman in 1871. It was dedicated to Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States, whom Whitman greatly admired. The poem was written six years after Lincoln's assassination.  Whitman had written three previous poems about Lincoln, all in 1865: "O Captain! My Captain!", "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd", and "Hush'd Be the Camps To-Day".

The poem has not attracted much individual attention, though it was positively received and has been analyzed several times. The poem describes Lincoln as having saved the union of the United States from "the foulest crime in history", a line for which conflicting interpretations exist. It is generally seen as referring to either the secession of the Confederate States of America, slavery, or the assassination of Lincoln.
Ro, Greece
Ro or Rho (Greek: Ρω) is a small Greek island in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, more precisely in the Levantine Sea, near Kastellorizo, close to Turkey's Anatolian coast. It is part of the municipality of Megísti (Kastellorizo) in the South Aegean region.

Kastellorizo
Kastellorizo or Castellorizo (US: /ˌkɑːstəˈlɔːrɪzoʊ/ KAH-stə-LOR-iz-oh; Greek: Καστελλόριζο, romanized: Kastellórizo), officially Megisti (Μεγίστη, Megísti), is a Greek island and municipality of the Dodecanese in the Eastern Mediterranean. It lies roughly 2 kilometres (1 mile) off the south coast of Turkey, about 570 km (354 mi) southeast of Athens and 125 km (78 mi) east of Rhodes, almost halfway between Rhodes and Antalya, and 280 km (170 mi) northwest of Cyprus. Kastellorizo is part of the Rhodes regional unit.

The island has become very popular in recent years among tourists looking for an isolated place in the Dodecanese, thanks also to the 1991 Oscar-winning movie Mediterraneo, by Gabriele Salvatores, which is set on the island during the Second World War.
Taylor Yard
Taylor Yard, in Los Angeles California, United States, is a former railway station and classification yard and headquarters of Southern Pacific Railroad operations in Southern California. The site has been gradually redeveloped with public open space, housing, and other uses including the Rio de Los Angeles State Park. A new Metrolink maintenance facility was built on the southern end of the yard grounds. The site was purchased by the Southern Pacific in 1911 and continually reshaped and remade over the course of the early 20th century for the purposes of inspection, repair, and storage of freight cars on the Southern Pacific Fruit Express line.

Rio de Los Angeles State Park
Rio de Los Angeles State Park is a California State Park along the Los Angeles River north of downtown Los Angeles in the neighborhood of Glassell Park, Los Angeles. The 40-acre (0.16 km2) park includes restored wetlands featuring native plants as well as sports fields, a children’s playground and a recreation building. Rio de Los Angeles State Park is currently managed in partnership with the City of Los Angeles Department of Parks and Recreation.
Pitch (resin)
Pitch is a viscoelastic polymer which can be natural or manufactured, derived from petroleum, coal tar, or plants. Pitch produced from petroleum may be called bitumen or asphalt, while plant-derived pitch, a resin, is known as rosin in its solid form. Tar is sometimes used interchangeably with pitch, but generally refers to a more liquid substance derived from coal production, including coal tar, or from plants, as in pine tar.

Tar
Tar is a dark brown or black viscous liquid of hydrocarbons and free carbon, obtained from a wide variety of organic materials through destructive distillation. Tar can be produced from carbon-rich materials such as coal, wood, petroleum, peat, and other organic matter.

Mineral products resembling tar can be produced from fossil hydrocarbons, such as petroleum. Coal tar is produced from coal as a byproduct of coke production.
Domitia Longina
Domitia Longina (c. 50–55 – c. 126–130s AD) was a Roman empress and wife to the Roman emperor Domitian. She was the youngest daughter of the general and consul Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo. Domitia divorced her first husband, Lucius Aelius Lamia Plautius Aelianus in order to marry Domitian in AD 71. The marriage produced only one son, whose early death is believed to have been the cause of a temporary rift between Domitia and her husband in 83. She became the empress upon Domitian's accession in 81, and remained so until his assassination in 96. She is believed to have died sometime between AD 126 and 130.

Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo
Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo (Peltuinum c. AD 7 – 67) was a popular Roman general, brother-in-law of the emperor Caligula and father-in-law of Domitian. The emperor Nero, highly fearful of Corbulo's reputation, ordered him to commit suicide, which the general carried out faithfully, exclaiming "Axios", meaning "I am worthy", and fell on his own sword.
Leibniz formula for π
In mathematics, the Leibniz formula for π, named after Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, states that

an alternating series.

It is sometimes called the Madhava–Leibniz series as it was first discovered by the Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagrama or his followers in the 14th–15th century (see Madhava series), and was later independently rediscovered by James Gregory in 1671 and Leibniz in 1673. The Taylor series for the inverse tangent function, often called Gregory's series, is

The Leibniz formula is the special case arctan 1 = ⁠π/4⁠.

It also is the Dirichlet L-series of the non-principal Dirichlet character of modulus 4 evaluated at s = 1, and therefore the value β(1) of the Dirichlet beta function.

Alternating series
In mathematics, an alternating series is an infinite series of terms that alternate between positive and negative signs. In capital-sigma notation this is expressed
 or 
with an > 0 for all n.

Like any series, an alternating series is a convergent series if and only if the sequence of partial sums of the series converges to a limit. The alternating series test guarantees that an alternating series is convergent if the terms an converge to 0 monotonically, but this condition is not necessary for convergence.
Mordell–Weil group
In arithmetic geometry, the Mordell–Weil group is an abelian group associated to any abelian variety  defined over a number field . It is an arithmetic invariant of the Abelian variety. It is simply the group of -points of , so  is the Mordell–Weil grouppg 207. The main structure theorem about this group is the Mordell–Weil theorem which shows this group is in fact a finitely-generated abelian group. Moreover, there are many conjectures related to this group, such as the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture which relates the rank of  to the zero of the associated L-function at a special point.

Mordell–Weil theorem
In mathematics, the Mordell–Weil theorem states that for an abelian variety  over a number field , the group  of K-rational points of  is a finitely-generated abelian group, called the Mordell–Weil group. The case with  an elliptic curve  and  the field of rational numbers is Mordell's theorem, answering a question apparently posed by Henri Poincaré around 1901; it was proven by Louis Mordell in 1922. It is a foundational theorem of Diophantine geometry and the arithmetic of abelian varieties.
Szczytno
Szczytno [ˈʂt͡ʂɨtnɔ] (German: Ortelsburg) is a town in northeastern Poland with 27,013 inhabitants (2007). It is the seat of Szczytno County in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodship, within the ethnocultural region of Masuria.

Olsztyn-Mazury Regional Airport, located nearby, is the most important airport of the Masurian region. Szczytno is located on the Olsztyn – Ełk railway line and Szczytno – Ostrołęka line. Szczytno also had minor rail connections towards Czerwonka; however, these were later closed by Polish Railways.

Two lakes, Domowe Małe and Długie (also known as Domowe Duże), are located within the town limits.

Szczytno is a member of Cittaslow.

Szczytno County
Szczytno County (Polish: powiat szczycieński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Szczytno, which lies 45 kilometres (28 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Pasym, lying 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Szczytno.

The county covers an area of 1,933.1 square kilometres (746.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 69,289, out of which the population of Szczytno is 25,680, that of Pasym is 2,550, and the rural population is 41,059.
Garbally College
St. Joseph's College, Garbally Park (Irish: Coláiste Sheosaimh) was an Irish voluntary Catholic secondary school situated in Garbally Park, the former seat of the Earl of Clancarty, in Ballinasloe, County Galway. It was a single-sex boys day school which had previously served as a boarding school. It was more commonly known as Garbally College (Irish: Coláiste Ghearrbhaile). It amalgamated with Ardscoil Mhuire in September 2025 to become Clonfert College.

Clonfert College
Clonfert College (Irish: Coláiste Chluain Fearta) is an Irish Catholic co-educational secondary school situated in Ballinasloe, County Galway. It opened in September 2025 as a result of the amalgamation of Garbally College and Ardscoil Mhuire and operates between two campuses in Garbally Park, the former seat of the Earl of Clancarty, and Mackney respectively. It is under the dual trusteeship of the Bishop of Clonfert and Catholic Education an Irish Schools Trust (CEIST).
Basilica of Saint Hyacinth
The Basilica of Saint Hyacinth (Polish: Bazylika Świętego Jacka) is a historic church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago, located at 3636 West Wolfram Street in the Avondale neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois.

It is a prime example of the Polish Cathedral style of churches in both its opulence and grand scale.  Along with such monumental religious edifices as St. Mary of the Angels, St. Hedwig's, and St. Wenceslaus, it is one of the many monumental Polish churches visible from the Kennedy Expressway.

St. Mary of the Angels (Chicago)
Saint Mary of the Angels (Polish: Kościół Matki Boskiej Anielskiej) is a historic church of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago in Chicago, Illinois.

Located at 1850 North Hermitage Avenue in Chicago's Bucktown neighborhood, it is an example of the  Polish Cathedral style of churches. Along with St. John Cantius Church (Chicago), St. Stanislaus Kostka, St. Hyacinth Basilica, St. Hedwig, St. Wenceslaus, and Holy Trinity it is one of the monumental Polish churches visible from the Kennedy Expressway.

From 1899 until 1990, the parish was administered by priests of the Congregation of the Resurrection. Since January 1991, it has been administered by the Priestly Society of the Holy Cross.

The church regularly makes appearances in The Dresden Files series of books by Jim Butcher.
Attacks on the Sounion
The attacks on the MT Sounion refers to Houthi attacks on a Greek-registered oil tanker that was carrying approximately 150,000 tons of petroleum cargo, and the resulting spillage of crude oil into the Red Sea. The oil spill was caused by Houthi explosions targeting the ship, which caused the ship to burn and start spilling flaming crude oil into the ocean, which the European Union Aspides military task force described as posing a severe environmental risk to the complex biodiversity of the marine region.

Operation Aspides
Operation Aspides, also known as EUNAVFOR Aspides, is an EU military operation in response to Houthi engagements with international shipping in the Red Sea. Named after the Greek word for shields (Greek: Ασπίδες), Operation Aspides—unlike the US-led Operation Prosperity Guardian—is a "purely defensive" mission to increase maritime surveillance in the region, provide escort to merchant vessels, and defend against strikes.
Cabinet of Turkey
The Cabinet of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Kabinesi) or Presidential Cabinet (Turkish: Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kabinesi) is the body that advises the President of Turkey on executive affairs. It is composed of the President, Vice President and the heads of the ministries. After the Council of Ministers was abolished with 2017 constitutional referendum, the Cabinet now acts as an informal advisory forum as all its powers and functions were vested to the President.

According to the Turkish constitution, ministers cannot be a member of parliament due to separation of powers.

Vice President of Turkey
The vice president of Turkey, officially the vice president of the Republic of Türkiye (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı Yardımcısı), is the second-highest officer in the executive branch of the government of Turkey, after the president. The vice president is also a statutory member of the Cabinet, National Security Council and Supreme Military Council.

Cevdet Yılmaz has been the second and current vice president of Turkey since his appointment to office on 4 June 2023.
Knight engine
The Knight engine is an internal combustion engine, designed by American Charles Yale Knight (1868-1940), that uses sleeve valves instead of the more common poppet valve construction.

These engines were manufactured in the large quantities in USA, Knight's design was made a commercial success by development in England, while the French developed the Knight engine more intensively than any other nation. Ultimately Knight patents were issued in at least eight countries and were actually built by about thirty firms.

Sleeve valve
The sleeve valve is a type of valve mechanism for piston engines, distinct from the usual poppet valve. Sleeve valve engines saw use in a number of pre–World War II luxury cars and in the United States in the Willys-Knight car and light truck. They subsequently fell from use due to advances in poppet-valve technology, including sodium cooling, and the Knight system double sleeve engine's tendency to burn a lot of lubricating oil or to seize due to lack of it. The Scottish Argyll company used its own, much simpler and more efficient, single sleeve system (Burt-McCollum) in its cars, a system which, after extensive development, saw substantial use in British aircraft engines of the 1940s, such as the Napier Sabre, Bristol Hercules, Centaurus, and the promising but never mass-produced Rolls-Royce Crecy, only to be supplanted by the jet engines.
Tamara Vrooman
Tamara Rowanne Vrooman, OBC (born June 1968), is a Canadian businesswoman and civil servant. From 2007 until July 2020, she was the CEO of Vancity Credit Union. In May 2020, Vrooman left Vancity to accept a position as the president and CEO of Vancouver International Airport and the 12th chancellor of Simon Fraser University. Vrooman was British Columbia's first and youngest female deputy minister of Finance. Additionally, she was the chairperson of the Canada Infrastructure Bank from 2021 to 2024.

Order of British Columbia
The Order of British Columbia is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Instituted in 1989 by Lieutenant Governor David Lam, on the advice of the Cabinet under Premier Bill Vander Zalm, the order is administered by the Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former British Columbia residents for conspicuous achievements in any field, being thus described as the highest honour amongst all others conferred by the British Columbia Crown.
Georgia v. Randolph
Georgia v. Randolph, 547 U.S. 103 (2006), is a case in which the U.S. Supreme Court held that without a search warrant, police had no constitutional right to search a house where one resident consents to the search while another resident objects. The Court distinguished this case from the "co-occupant consent rule" established in United States v. Matlock, 415 U.S. 164 (1974), which permitted one resident to consent in absence of the co-occupant.

United States v. Matlock
United States v. Matlock, 415 U.S. 164 (1974), was a Supreme Court of the United States case in which the Court ruled that the Fourth Amendment prohibition on unreasonable searches and seizures was not violated when the police obtained voluntary consent from a third party who possessed common authority over the premises sought to be searched. The ruling of the court established the "co-occupant consent rule," which was later explained by Illinois v. Rodriguez, 497 U.S. 177 (1990) and distinguished later by Georgia v. Randolph (2006), in which the court held that a third party could not consent over the objections of a present co-occupant, and Fernandez v. California (2014), where the court held when the objecting co-resident is removed for objectively reasonable purposes (such as lawful arrest), the remaining resident may validly consent to search.
4DX
4DX (Four-Dimensional eXperience) is a 4D film presentation system developed by CJ 4DPlex, a subsidiary of South Korean theater chain CJ CGV. It allows films to be augmented with various practical effects, including motion-seats, wind, strobelights, snow, water, and scents. First debuted in 2009, it presents films in both stereoscopic 3D and monoscopic 2D formats.

CJ has licensed the technology worldwide. As of September 2019, CJ 4DPlex operates 680 4DX theaters in 65 countries through collaborations with more than 80 theaters, including AMC Theatres, Regal Cinemas, Cineworld, Event Cinemas, Cinépolis, Wanda Cinemas, Cineplex Entertainment, Kinepolis, Village Cinemas, and Nu Metro. The company recorded an annual growth rate of more than 50 percent from 2013 to 2018.

4D film
4D film is a presentation system combining motion pictures with synchronized physical effects that occur in the theater. Effects simulated in 4D films include motion, vibration, scent, rain, mist, bubbles, fog, smoke, wind, temperature changes, and strobe lights. Seats in 4D venues vibrate and move.

As of 2022, 4D films have been exhibited in more than 65 countries. 4D motion pictures are also exhibited in theme parks.
Vimto
Vimto is a British mixed fruit soft drink containing the juice of grapes, raspberries, blackcurrants, and black carrots flavoured with herbs and spices. Originating in Manchester, Northern England, the recipe was invented in 1908 by John Noel Nichols of Blackburn. It was first manufactured as a health tonic in cordial form, then decades later as a carbonated drink. Produced domestically by Nichols plc, it is available in cans and bottles in carbonated, still, cordial (squash), and energy forms and it has also been made into a sweet, ice lolly and other items. Vimto is traditionally most popular in the north of England and is also sold globally under licence, and enjoys high popularity in the Gulf Arab states and in The Gambia and Senegal.

Squash (drink)
Squash (sometimes known as cordial in British English, dilute in Hiberno-English, diluting juice in Scottish English, and water juice in the Northern Isles of Scotland), is a non-alcoholic beverage with syrup used in beverage making. It is usually fruit-flavoured, made from fruit juice, water, and sugar or a sugar substitute. Modern squashes may also contain food colouring and additional flavouring. Some traditional squashes contain herbal extracts, most notably elderflower and ginger.
Stencil (numerical analysis)
In mathematics, especially the areas of numerical analysis concentrating on the numerical solution of partial differential equations, a stencil is a geometric arrangement of a nodal group that relate to the point of interest by using a numerical approximation routine. Stencils are the basis for many algorithms to numerically solve partial differential equations (PDE). Two examples of stencils are the five-point stencil and the Crank–Nicolson method stencil.

Stencils are classified into two categories: compact and non-compact, the difference being the layers from the point of interest that are also used for calculation.

In the notation used for one-dimensional stencils n-1, n, n+1 indicate the time steps where timestep n and n-1 have known solutions and time step n+1 is to be calculated. The spatial location of finite volumes used in the calculation are indicated by j-1, j and j+1.

Non-compact stencil
In numerical mathematics, a non-compact stencil is a type of discretization method, where any node surrounding the node of interest may be used in the calculation. Its computational time grows with an increase of layers of nodes used. Non-compact stencils may be compared to compact stencils.