hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dan Reeves (American football executive)
Daniel Farrell Reeves (June 30, 1912 – April 15, 1971) was an American sports entrepreneur, best known as the owner of the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He owned the franchise when it was operating in Cleveland, Ohio in 1941, and he would own the team until his death in 1971.

Reeves is remembered for his move of the Rams from Cleveland to Los Angeles in 1946, where it became the first American major league sports franchise on the Pacific Coast. He was also the first NFL owner to sign a black player in the post World War II era, inking deals with halfback Kenny Washington and end Woody Strode in 1946, as well as being the first to employ a full-time scouting staff.

Reeves was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1967.

Cleveland Rams
The Cleveland Rams were a professional American football team that played in Cleveland from 1936 to 1945. The Rams competed in the second American Football League (AFL) for the 1936 season and the National Football League (NFL) from 1937 to 1945, winning the NFL championship in 1945, before moving to Los Angeles in 1946 to become the first of only two professional football champions to play the following season in another city.

The move of the team to Los Angeles helped to jump-start the reintegration of pro football by African American players and opened up the West Coast to professional sports. After being based in Los Angeles for 49 years, the Rams franchise moved again after the 1994 NFL season to St. Louis where the franchise stayed for 21 seasons before moving back to Los Angeles after the 2015 NFL season.
Rössen culture
The Rössen culture or Roessen culture (German: Rössener Kultur) is a Central European culture of the middle Neolithic (4,600–4,300 BC).

It is named after the necropolis of Rössen (part of Leuna, in the Saalekreis district, Saxony-Anhalt). The Rössen culture has been identified in 11 of the 16 states of Germany (it is only absent from the Northern part of the North German Plain), but also in the southeast Low Countries, northeast France, northern Switzerland and a small part of Austria.

The Rössen culture is important as it marks the transition from a broad and widely distributed tradition going back to Central Europe's earliest Neolithic LBK towards the more diversified Middle and Late Neolithic situation characterised by the appearance of complexes like Michelsberg and Funnel Beaker Culture.

Lengyel culture
The Lengyel culture is an archaeological culture of the European Neolithic, centered on the Middle Danube in Central Europe. It flourished from 5000 to 4000 BC, ending with phase IV, e.g., in Bohemia represented by the 'Jordanow/Jordansmühler culture'. It is followed by the Funnelbeaker culture/TrB culture and the Baden culture. The eponymous type site is at Lengyel in Tolna county, Hungary.
Sabina-Francesca Foisor
Sabina-Francesca Foişor (born August 30, 1989) is a Romanian American chess player holding the title of Woman Grandmaster (WGM). She competed in the Women's World Chess Championship in 2008 and 2017. Foisor won the US women's championship in 2017.

Women's World Chess Championship 2008
The Women's World Chess Championship 2008 took place from August 28, 2008 to September 18 in Nalchik, Russia.  It was won by Alexandra Kosteniuk, who beat Hou Yifan in the final by 2½ to 1½.

For the fifth time, the championship took the form of a 64-player knock-out tournament.
Besa (singer)
Besa Kokëdhima (Albanian pronunciation: [ˈbɛsa kɔk(ə)ˈðima]; born 29 May 1986), also known mononymously as Besa, is an Albanian singer. In 2013, she won the 15th edition of Kënga Magjike. She represented Albania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 with the song "Titan".

Titan (Besa song)
"Titan" (stylised as "TiTAN") is a song by Albanian singer-songwriter Besa. It was composed by Besa, Kledi Bahiti and Fabrice Grandjean, with lyrics by Gia Koka. Self-described as a ballad "with a lot of contrast", it represented Albania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024, following the selection of the song's Albanian-language version "Zemrën n'dorë" (pronounced [ˈzɛmɾən nˈdɔɾ(ə)]; transl. "Heart in hand") at the 62nd edition of the music competition Festivali i Këngës. At Eurovision, it finished in 15th place with 14 points at semi final two.
14:59
14:59 is the third studio album by American rock band Sugar Ray, released on January 12, 1999. The album shows the band moving into a more mainstream sound, due to the success of their single "Fly" off their prior album Floored, and its title self-deprecatingly references the "15 minutes of fame" critics claimed the band was riding on. It entered the top 20 on the Billboard 200, peaking at number 17 and being certified triple-platinum by the RIAA.

Sugar Ray
Sugar Ray is an American rock band formed in Newport Beach, California, in 1992. Originally playing heavier nu metal and funk metal style music, the band achieved mainstream popularity in 1997 with their more pop-influenced single "Fly". The song's success led the band to shift its style dramatically to the more radio-friendly pop sound with their subsequent releases. Their best-selling album, 14:59, was released in 1999, and featured popular singles "Every Morning", "Someday", followed by a self-titled album in 2001 featuring the single "When It's Over". The band would release two further albums, In the Pursuit of Leisure (2003) and Music for Cougars (2009), though the albums and respective singles generally sold far less. The band continued to tour into the 2010s.

In 2019, ten years after the band's last album, they announced their seventh studio album, Little Yachty, in June 2019. The lead single, "Make It Easy", was released the same month.
SK Sturm Graz
Sportklub Sturm Graz is an Austrian professional association football club, based in Graz, playing in the Austrian Football Bundesliga. The club was founded in 1909. Its colours are black and white.

In its history, Sturm Graz has won the Austrian football championship five times, in 1998, 1999, 2011, 2024 and 2025, and participated several times in the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League. Their biggest rivals are Graz neighbours Grazer AK, with whom they share their stadium, the Merkur Arena.

Austrian Football Bundesliga
The Bundesliga (German: Bundesliga [ˈbʊndəsˌliːɡa], "Federal League"), also known as Admiral Bundesliga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Austria and the highest level of the Austrian football league system. The competition decides the Austrian national football champions, as well the country's entrants for the various European cups run by UEFA.

The Austrian Bundesliga, which began in the 1974–75 season, has been a separate registered association since 1 December 1991. It has been won the most by the two Viennese giants Austria Wien, who were national champions 24 times, and Rapid Wien, who won the national title 32 times. The current champions are SK Sturm Graz. Phillip Thonhauser is president of the Austrian Bundesliga. The Austrian Football Bundesliga is currently known as Admiral Bundesliga for sponsorship reasons.
Samantha Payne
Samantha Joanne Payne MBE is an English entrepreneur. The co-founder of Open Bionics, a bionics company developing affordable prosthetics for children, Payne has won a number of international awards for her work. These include the MIT Technology Review 'Innovators under 35' in 2018, James Dyson gong for innovative engineering and Wired Innovation Fellow in 2016. In the Queen's Birthday Honours list 2020, Payne was awarded an MBE, for her work making bionic technology more accessible.

Open Bionics
Open Bionics is a UK-based company that develops low-cost, 3D printed bionic arms for amputees with below elbow amputations (more formally known as myoelectric prostheses). Their bionic arms are fully functional with lights, bio feedback vibrations, and different functions that allow the user to grab, pinch, high-five, fist bump, and thumbs-up. The company is based inside Future Space, co-located with Bristol Robotics Laboratory. The company was founded in 2014 by Joel Gibbard MBE and Samantha Payne MBE.

In 2020 Joel Gibbard and Samantha Payne were awarded MBEs for their services to Innovation, Engineering, and Technology.
Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland
Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, 4th Baron Percy, titular King of Mann, KG, Lord Marshal (10 November 1341 – 20 February 1408), was an English statesman and a leading political figure during the reigns of Richard II and Henry IV. One of the most powerful noblemen in northern England, he played a decisive role in the deposition of Richard II and the accession of Henry IV.

He was the son of Henry de Percy, 3rd Baron Percy, and a descendant of Henry III of England. His mother was Mary of Lancaster, daughter of Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, son of Edmund, Earl of Leicester and Lancaster, who in turn was the son of Henry III.

Henry Percy (Hotspur)
Sir Henry Percy KG (20 May 1364 – 21 July 1403), nicknamed Hotspur or Harry Hotspur, was an English knight who fought in several campaigns against the Scots in the northern border and against the French during the Hundred Years' War. The nickname "Hotspur" was given to him by the Scots as a tribute to his speed in advance and readiness to attack. The heir to a leading noble family in northern England, Hotspur was one of the earliest and prime movers behind the deposition of King Richard II in favour of Henry Bolingbroke in 1399. He later fell out with the new regime and rebelled, and was slain at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403 at the height of his fame.
Condottieri-class cruiser
The Condottieri class was a sequence of five light cruiser classes of the Regia Marina (Italian Navy), although these classes show a clear line of evolution. They were built before World War II to gain predominance in the Mediterranean Sea. The ships were named after condottieri (military commanders) of Italian history.

Each class is known after the first ship of the group:

Giussano class:

Alberto di Giussano

Alberico da Barbiano

Bartolomeo Colleoni

Giovanni delle Bande Nere

Cadorna class:

Luigi Cadorna

Armando Diaz

Montecuccoli class:

Raimondo Montecuccoli

Muzio Attendolo

Duca d'Aosta class:

Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta

Eugenio di Savoia

Luigi di Savoia Duca degli Abruzzi class:

Luigi di Savoia Duca degli Abruzzi

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Italian cruiser Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta
Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta was an Italian light cruiser of the fourth group of the  Condottieri-class, that served in the Regia Marina during World War II. She survived the war, but was ceded as war reparation to the Soviet Navy in 1949. She was finally renamed Kerch and served in the Black Sea Fleet until the 1960s.
MIDI Show Control
MIDI Show Control (MSC), is a real-time System Exclusive extension of the international Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) standard. MSC enables all types of entertainment equipment to communicate with each other through the process of show control.

The MIDI Show Control protocol is a technical standard ratified by the MIDI Manufacturers Association in 1991 which allows entertainment control devices to talk with each other and with computers to perform show control functions in live and prerecorded entertainment applications. Just like musical MIDI, MSC does not transmit the actual show media - it simply transmits digital information about a multimedia performance.

Show control
Show control is the use of automation technology to link together and operate multiple entertainment control systems in a coordinated manner. It is distinguished from an entertainment control system, which is specific to a single theatrical department, system or effect, one which coordinates elements within a single entertainment discipline such as lighting, sound, video, rigging, or pyrotechnics. A typical entertainment control system would be a lighting control console. An example of show control would be linking a video segment with a number of lighting cues, or having a sound cue trigger animatronic movements, or all of these combined. Shows with or without live actors can almost invariably incorporate entertainment control technology and usually benefit from show control to operate these subsystems independently, simultaneously, or in rapid succession.
Zytek Z11SN
The Zytek Z11SN is an LMP2-class racing car built by Zytek Engineering since 2011. Powered by a 4.5-litre Nissan V8 engine, it is an evolution of the Zytek 07S and the Zytek 09SC, updated for the new Le Mans Prototype regulations that were introduced in 2011. It was predominantly used in the European Le Mans Series and the 24 Hours of Le Mans, and a Greaves Motorsport-entered Z11SN won the LMP2 categories of both contests in 2011. In 2014, Jota Sport won the LMP2 category of the 24 Hours of Le Mans with a Z11SN.

In 2015, following Zytek's rebranding to Gibson Technology, the Z11SN was updated to the Gibson 015S.

Simon Dolan
Simon James Dolan (born 20 May 1969) is a British businessman and investor who made his fortune through accountancy services. Since 2020, he has opposed measures by the United Kingdom government linked to the COVID-19 pandemic and has made legal challenges to government decisions. Dolan competed as an amateur driver in international sports car racing, recording a class win at the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 2014.
Kozachyi Island
Kozachyi Island (Ukrainian: Острів Козачий), formerly known as Pervomaiskyi Island (Ukrainian: Острів Первомайський), is an artificial island in the Black Sea, and is located between the Kinburn Spit and Ochakiv at the mouth of the Dnieper–Bug estuary. The island has historically been used as a military fort to blockade the Dnipro river.

Dnieper–Bug estuary
The Dnieper–Bug estuary (Ukrainian: Дніпровсько-Бузький лиман, romanized: Dniprovsko-Buzkyi lyman), also called the Dniprovska Gulf, is an open estuary, or liman, of two rivers: the Dnieper and the Southern Bug (also called the Boh River). It is located on the northern coast of the Black Sea and is separated from it by the Kinburn Spit and the Cape of Ochakiv.
Annie Hart (musician)
Annie Hart is an American film singer-songwriter and composer.  She primarily composes and performs in the band Au Revoir Simone.  In 2017, she released a solo album entitled Impossible Accomplice. She has contributed vocals to other artists' projects and appeared on the 2017 series of Twin Peaks.  She has composed and performed the score of Banana Split (2018) and, along with Jay Wadley, Olympic Dreams (2020).

Au Revoir Simone
Au Revoir Simone is an American indie pop band from Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York, formed in 2003. The group is composed of Erika Forster (vocals/keyboard), Annie Hart (vocals/keyboard/bass) and Heather D'Angelo (vocals/drum machine/keyboard).

The band's name comes from a line Pee-wee Herman says to a minor character (named Simone) in Tim Burton's 1985 film Pee-wee's Big Adventure. The group's musical inspirations were compared by the band's European label, Moshi Moshi Records, to "a dutifully mined musical thrift store"; these diverse influences include Modest Mouse, Stereolab, the Mountain Goats, Louis Prima, Pavement, the Beach Boys, Björk, Broadcast, Belle & Sebastian, David Bowie, Bee Gees and Billie Holiday.
Self-oscillation
Self-oscillation is the generation and maintenance of a periodic motion by a source of power that lacks any corresponding periodicity. The oscillator itself controls the phase with which the external power acts on it. Self-oscillators are therefore distinct from forced and parametric resonators, in which the power that sustains the motion must be modulated externally.

In linear systems, self-oscillation appears as an instability associated with a negative damping term, which causes small perturbations to grow exponentially in amplitude. This negative damping is due to a positive feedback between the oscillation and the modulation of the external source of power. The amplitude and waveform of steady self-oscillations are determined by the nonlinear characteristics of the system.

Self-oscillations are important in physics, engineering, biology, and economics.

Limit cycle
In mathematics, in the study of dynamical systems with two-dimensional phase space, a limit cycle is a closed trajectory in phase space having the property that at least one other trajectory spirals into it either as time approaches infinity or as time approaches negative infinity. Such behavior is exhibited in some nonlinear systems. Limit cycles have been used to model the behavior of many real-world oscillatory systems.   The study of limit cycles was initiated by Henri Poincaré (1854–1912).
Carlos Echazarreta Iñiguez
Carlos José Ramón Echazarreta Iñiguez (born 11 November 1934) is a Chilean politician who served as the 27th and 30th Mayor of the commune of Pichilemu. He first held office from May 1963 to May 1967, and through the early months of the Augusto Pinochet military regime, between September and November 1973. In 1967, he was succeeded by Carlos Rojas Pavez, and in 1973, he was succeeded by Mario Urrutia Carrasco. Echazarreta was also a regidor of Pichilemu for several terms between 1959 and 1973.

Carlos Rojas Pavez
Carlos Ignacio Rojas Pavez (16 October 1906 – 23 August 1994) was the 28th Mayor of the commune of Pichilemu, office which he held between May 1967 and May 1971. For almost three decades, Rojas Pavez worked as the municipal secretary of Pichilemu, and in 1944, along with José Arraño Acevedo and Miguel Larravide Blanco, founded Pichilemu, a newspaper focused in local stories.
Camp Chase Railway
The Camp Chase Railway (reporting mark CAMY) is a short-line switching and terminal railroad in and near Columbus, Ohio, United States, running past the former Camp Chase. The company was formed as the Camp Chase Industrial Railroad in 1994 as a spin-off of Conrail. Through trackage rights, the railroad interchanges with Norfolk Southern Railway at Watkins Yard and CSX at Parsons Yard. The Camp Chase bike trail follows alongside the railroad for 12 miles and is one the few trails in the United States that runs within an active railroad right-of-way.

Rails with trails
Rails with trails (RWT) are a small subset of rail trails in which a railway right-of-way remains in use by trains yet also has a parallel recreational trail.  Hundreds of kilometers of RWTs exist in Canada, Europe, the United States, Australia, and the United Arab Emirates.
Bindi Irwin
Bindi Sue Powell (/bɪn.di/; born 24 July 1998) is an Australian conservationist, zookeeper, and television personality. The daughter of conservationists Steve and Terri Irwin, she serves as the chief executive officer of Australia Zoo in Beerwah, Queensland.

Irwin hosted the children's wildlife documentary series Bindi the Jungle Girl (2007–2008), for which she became the youngest performer to win a Daytime Emmy Award, winning for Outstanding Performer in Children's Programming. She also won the twenty-first season of the American competition program Dancing with the Stars with Derek Hough. Alongside her mother and younger brother, Robert, Irwin starred in the Animal Planet series Crikey! It's the Irwins (2018–2022).

Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performer in Children's Programming
The Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performer in Children's Programming was an Emmy award given to performers in television programming. During the 1970s and 1980s, guest performers in dramatic specials and regular performers on children's series competed in the same category. However, starting in 1989, separate categories for performances in children's series and performances in children's specials were created and used until after 2007 when all categories related to Children's Specials were dropped.

The youngest Emmy nominee, Jodelle Ferland, was nominated in this category in 2001 at the age of six. The youngest Emmy winner, Bindi Irwin, won in 2008 at age nine.

In November 2021, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences announced that all Daytime Emmy categories honoring children's programming will be retired in favor of a separate Children's & Family Emmy Awards ceremony, to be held starting in 2022.
2-Yoneda lemma
In mathematics, especially category theory, the 2-Yoneda lemma is a generalization of the Yoneda lemma to 2-categories. Precisely, given a contravariant pseudofunctor  on a category C, it says: for each object  in C, the natural functor (evaluation at the identity)

is an equivalence of categories, where  denotes (roughly) the category of natural transformations between pseudofunctors on C and .

Under the Grothendieck construction,  corresponds to the comma category . So, the lemma is also frequently stated as:

where  is identified with the fibered category associated to .

As an application of this lemma, the coherence theorem for bicategories holds.

2-category
In category theory in mathematics, a 2-category is a category with "morphisms between morphisms", called 2-morphisms. A basic example is the category Cat of all (small) categories, where a 2-morphism is a natural transformation between functors.

The concept of a strict 2-category was first introduced  by Charles Ehresmann in his work on enriched categories in 1965.  The more general concept of bicategory (or weak 2-category), where composition of morphisms is associative only up to a 2-isomorphism, was introduced in 1967 by Jean Bénabou.

A (2, 1)-category is a 2-category where each 2-morphism is invertible.
Community High School District 117
Community High School District 117 is a 9-12 high school district based in Lake Villa, Lake County, Illinois that serves both the city where it is based and the village of Antioch, Illinois, alongside Old Mill Creek and Lindenhurst. District 117 is composed of two high schools: Antioch Community High School, which is located in the city of its namesake; and Lakes Community High School, which is, in turn, located in Lake Villa. The district superintendent is Dr. Jeff Feucht. Jori Bowen oversees Lakes as principal,  Eric Hamilton serves as the principal of Antioch.

Both Lakes and Antioch sport a band department and choral department; as well as color guards, various teams, clubs, and honor societies.

Antioch Community High School
Antioch Community High School, Antioch, or ACHS, is a public four-year high school in Antioch, Illinois, a far north suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is part of Community High School District 117, including Lakes Community High School, a school that opened its doors and formed the district in 2004.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the methyl cycle, and it is encoded by the MTHFR gene. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase catalyzes the conversion of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, a cosubstrate for homocysteine remethylation to methionine. Natural variation in this gene is common in otherwise healthy people.  Although some variants have been reported to influence susceptibility to occlusive vascular disease, neural tube defects, Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia, colon cancer, and acute leukemia, findings from small early studies have not been reproduced. Some mutations in this gene are associated with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency. Complex I deficiency with recessive spastic paraparesis has also been linked to MTHFR variants. In addition, the aberrant promoter hypermethylation of this gene is associated with male infertility and recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency is the most common genetic cause of elevated serum levels of homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinemia). It is caused by genetic defects in MTHFR, which is an important enzyme in the methyl cycle.

Common variants of MTHFR deficiency are asymptomatic and have only minor effects on disease risk. Severe variants (from nonsense mutations) are rare.