hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rolls-Royce Condor
The Rolls-Royce Condor aircraft piston engine is a larger version of the Rolls-Royce Eagle developing up to 675 horsepower (503 kilowatts). The engine first ran in 1918 and a total of 327 engines were recorded as being built.

Rolls-Royce Eagle
The Rolls-Royce Eagle was the first aircraft engine to be developed by Rolls-Royce Limited.  Introduced in 1915 to meet British military requirements during World War I, it was used to power the Handley Page Type O bombers and a number of other military aircraft.

The Eagle was the first engine to make a non-stop trans-Atlantic crossing by aeroplane when two Eagles powered the converted Vickers Vimy bomber on the transatlantic flight of Alcock and Brown in June 1919.
Vulpinic acid
Vulpinic acid is a natural product first found in and important in the symbiosis underlying the biology of lichens. It is a simple methyl ester derivative of its parent compound, pulvinic acid, and a close relative of pulvinone, both of which derive from aromatic amino acids such as phenylalanine via secondary metabolism. The roles of vulpinic acid are not fully established, but may include properties that make it an antifeedant for herbivores. The compound is relatively toxic to mammals.

Pulvinone
Pulvinone, an organic compound belonging to the esters, lactones, alcohols and butenolides classes, is a yellow crystalline solid. Although the pulvinone is not a natural product, several naturally occurring hydroxylated derivatives are known. These hydroxylated pulvinones are produced by fungal species, such as the in Europe common Larch Bolete (Boletus elegans, also known as Suillus grevillei), or by moulds such as Aspergillus terreus.
Maryfield Hospital
Maryfield Hospital was a hospital in Stobswell, Dundee, Scotland. Originally a poorhouse hospital it became Dundee's second main hospital after Dundee Royal Infirmary. It closed in the 1970s following the opening of Ninewells Hospital.

Dundee Royal Infirmary
Dundee Royal Infirmary, often shortened to DRI, was a major teaching hospital in Dundee, Scotland. Until the opening of Ninewells Hospital in 1974, Dundee Royal Infirmary was Dundee's main hospital. It was closed in 1998, after 200 years of operation.
West Branch Gounamitz River
The West Branch Gounamitz River is a tributary of the Gounamitz River which in turn is a tributary of the head of the Restigouche River. These bodies of water flow in the Northwestern New Brunswick, in Canada.

The course of "West Branch Gounamitz River" passes successively through:

Restigouche County: Saint-Quentin Parish;

Madawaska County: Rivière-Verte.

A forest road runs along the North bank of the lower part of the river.

Gounamitz River
The Gounamitz River is a tributary of the head of the Restigouche River, flowing in the Northwest of New Brunswick, in Canada.

The course of Gounamitz river crosses:

Madawaska County: Rivière-Verte, Sainte-Anne Parish

Restigouche County: Saint-Quentin Parish;

Victoria County: Drummond Parish.
Camillo Borghese, 6th Prince of Sulmona
Don Camillo Filippo Ludovico Borghese, Prince of Sulmona and of Rossano, Duke and Prince of Guastalla (19 July 1775 – 9 May 1832), was a member of the Borghese family and was best known for being a brother-in-law of Napoleon. In 1803, Borghese married Napoleon's younger sister, Pauline Bonaparte, which led to Napoleon granting him multiple titles. After Napoleon was defeated, Borghese fled from France and left his wife behind. Consequently, he was stripped of the titles granted to him by Napoleon, although he retained his family's ancestral titles. While in Florence, he died at the age of 56, and the cause of death is unknown.

Pauline Bonaparte
Paula Maria Bonaparte Leclerc Borghese (French: Pauline Marie Bonaparte, pronounced [pɔlin maʁi bɔnapaʁt]; 20 October 1780 – 9 June 1825), better known as Pauline Bonaparte, was an imperial French princess, the first sovereign Duchess of Guastalla, and the princess consort of Sulmona and Rossano. She was the sixth child of Letizia Ramolino and Carlo Buonaparte, Corsica's representative to the court of King Louis XVI. Her elder brother, Napoleon, was the first emperor of the French. She married Charles Leclerc, a French general, a union ended by his death in 1802.

Later, Pauline married Camillo Borghese, 6th Prince of Sulmona. Her only child, Dermide Leclerc, born from her first marriage, died in childhood. She was the only Bonaparte sibling to visit Napoleon in exile on his principality, Elba.
Milford High School (Ohio)
Milford High School is a college preparatory, public high school in Milford, Ohio, United States.  It is the only high school in the Milford Exempted Village School District (MEVSD), the largest building of the district's eight school buildings, and a larger high school in Clermont County, Ohio.  The high school and the Milford Exempted Village School District serve the City of Milford and parts of Miami Township and Union Township. Milford is the westernmost high school in Appalachian Ohio.

Milford, Ohio
Milford is a city in Clermont and Hamilton counties in the U.S. state of Ohio. Settled in 1796, Milford is the westernmost city in Appalachian Ohio, and located along the Little Miami River and its East Fork in the southwestern part of the state, it is a part of the Cincinnati metropolitan area. The population was 6,582 at the 2020 census.
Chaconne
A chaconne (/ʃəˈkɒn/ shə-KON, French: [ʃakɔn]; Spanish: chacona [tʃaˈkona]; Italian: ciaccona [tʃakˈkoːna]; earlier English: chacony) is a type of musical composition often used as a vehicle for variation on a repeated short harmonic progression, often involving a fairly short repetitive bass-line (ground bass) which offers a compositional outline for variation, decoration, figuration and melodic invention. In this it closely resembles the passacaglia. It originates and was particularly popular in the Baroque era; a large number of Chaconnes exist from the 17th and 18th centuries.

The ground bass, if there is one, may typically descend stepwise from the tonic to the dominant pitch of the scale; the harmonies given to the upper parts may emphasize the circle of fifths or a derivative pattern thereof.

Passacaglia
The passacaglia (/pæsəˈkɑːliə/; Italian: [passaˈkaʎʎa]) is a musical form that originated in early seventeenth-century Spain and is still used today by composers. It is usually of a serious character and is typically based on a bass-ostinato and written in triple metre.
Chow–Rashevskii theorem
In sub-Riemannian geometry, the Chow–Rashevskii theorem (also known as Chow's theorem)  asserts that any two points of a connected sub-Riemannian manifold, endowed with a bracket generating distribution, are connected by a horizontal path in the manifold.  It is named after Wei-Liang Chow who proved it in 1939, and Petr Konstanovich Rashevskii, who proved it independently in 1938.

The theorem has a number of equivalent statements, one of which is that the topology induced by the Carnot–Carathéodory metric is equivalent to the intrinsic (locally Euclidean) topology of the manifold.  A stronger statement that implies the theorem is the ball–box theorem.  See, for instance, Montgomery (2006) and Gromov (1996).

Sub-Riemannian manifold
In mathematics, a sub-Riemannian manifold is a certain type of generalization of a Riemannian manifold. Roughly speaking, to measure distances in a sub-Riemannian manifold, you are allowed to go only along curves tangent to so-called horizontal subspaces.

Sub-Riemannian manifolds (and so, a fortiori, Riemannian manifolds) carry a natural intrinsic metric called the metric of Carnot–Carathéodory. The Hausdorff dimension of such metric spaces is always an integer and larger than its topological dimension (unless it is actually a Riemannian manifold).

Sub-Riemannian manifolds often occur in the study of constrained systems in classical mechanics, such as the motion of vehicles on a surface, the motion of robot arms, and the orbital dynamics of satellites. Geometric quantities such as the Berry phase may be understood in the language of sub-Riemannian geometry. The Heisenberg group, important to quantum mechanics, carries a natural sub-Riemannian structure.
Silvio Funtowicz
Silvio O. Funtowicz is a philosopher of science active in the field of science and technology studies.
He created the NUSAP, a notational system for characterising uncertainty and quality in quantitative expressions, and together with Jerome R. Ravetz he introduced the concept of post-normal science. He is currently a guest researcher at the Centre for the Study of the Sciences and the Humanities (SVT), University of Bergen (Norway).

Jerome Ravetz
Jerome (Jerry) Ravetz is a philosopher of science.  He is best known for his books analysing scientific knowledge from a social and ethical perspective, focusing on issues of quality.  He is the co-author (with Silvio Funtowicz) of the NUSAP notational system and of Post-normal science.  He is currently an Associate Fellow at the Institute for Science, Innovation and Society, University of Oxford.
Edward Robert Hughes
Edward Robert Hughes RWS (5 November 1851 – 23 April 1914) was a British painter, who primarily worked in watercolours, but also produced a number of oil paintings. He was influenced by his uncle and artist, Arthur Hughes who was associated with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, and worked closely with one of the Brotherhood's founders, William Holman Hunt.

William Holman Hunt
William Holman Hunt OM (2 April 1827 – 7 September 1910) was an English painter and one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.  His paintings were notable for their great attention to detail, vivid colour, and elaborate symbolism.  These features were influenced by the writings of John Ruskin and Thomas Carlyle, according to whom the world itself should be read as a system of visual signs.  For Hunt, it was the duty of the artist to reveal the correspondence between sign and fact.  Of all the members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, Hunt remained most true to their ideals throughout his career.  He was always keen to maximise the popular appeal and public visibility of his works.
Veenhuizen, North Holland
Veenhuizen (West Frisian: Fenenhúze) is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is located in the former municipality of Heerhugowaard, about 6 km northeast of Heerhugowaard itself.

Veenhuizen was a separate municipality from 1817 to 1854, when it was merged with Heerhugowaard.

It is not a statistical entity. and the postal authorities have placed it under Heerhugowaard. It consists of about 160 houses.

Since 2022 it has been part of the new municipality of Dijk en Waard.

Heerhugowaard
Heerhugowaard (Dutch: [ˌɦeːrɦyɣoːˈʋaːrt] ⓘ; West Frisian Dutch: Heerhugoweard, Heregeweard or De Weard) is a city in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland and the region of West Friesland.

Heerhugowaard was previously a separate municipality, which merged with the former municipality of Langedijk into the new municipality of Dijk en Waard on 1 January 2022.
Tomás Ó Mellaig
Tomás Ó Mellaig, Bishop-elect of Annaghdown, fl. 1329.

Ó Mellaig (O'Mellia, Melia) was Elected circa 1328 or 1329, but never consecrated. He was a kinsman of two previous bishops of Annaghdown, Conn Ua Mellaig (died 1202) and Tomas Ó Mellaig, (c.1242-1247/50). According to the Annals of Loch Cé, Tomas Ua Mellan, espuc Enaigh duin, do ecc h-i cuirt an phapa in hoc anno./Thomas O'Mellain, bishop of Enach-dúin, died at the Pope's court Avignon Papacy in hoc anno [1328].

Tomas Ó Mellaig
Tomas Ó Mellaig, Bishop of Annaghdown, died after 27 May 1250.

Ó Mellaig was a native of what is now County Galway, where his surname is now rendered Melia. He was a kinsman of the first bishop, Conn Ua Mellaig, though their exact relationship is unknown.

He was consecrated about 1242 but it is not clear if he ever physically occupied the see, as he acted as a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Lincoln in 1246. According to Moody, he may have been deprived of the bishopric on 28 May 1247. He is believed to have died after 27 May 1250.
Walter Bahr
Walter Alfred Bahr (April 1, 1927 – June 18, 2018) was an American professional soccer player, considered one of the greatest ever in the United States. He was the long-time captain of the U.S. men's national team and played in the 1950 FIFA World Cup when the U.S. defeated England 1–0. Bahr's three sons Casey, Chris, and Matt, all played professional soccer in the defunct North American Soccer League. Casey and Chris also played for the U.S. Olympic team, and Chris and Matt later became placekickers in the National Football League, each earning two Super Bowl rings.

Matt Bahr
Matthew David Bahr (born July 6, 1956) is an American former professional football placekicker in the National Football League (NFL), and professional soccer player in the North American Soccer League (NASL). He attended Neshaminy High School in Langhorne, Pennsylvania, where he excelled in both football and soccer. He is the son of National Soccer Hall of Fame inductee Walter Bahr, and is the brother of NFL kicker Chris Bahr; he and Chris are two of six players to have played in both professional soccer and the NFL.
New York State Route 68
New York State Route 68 (NY 68) is an east–west state highway located entirely within St. Lawrence County in the North Country of New York in the United States. The western terminus is at an intersection with NY 37 in Oswegatchie, just west of the Ogdensburg city limits. The eastern terminus is at a junction with NY 56 in the hamlet of Colton within the town of Colton. Along the way, NY 68 passes through the village of Canton, where it overlaps with U.S. Route 11 (US 11) through the village.

NY 68 was assigned in the mid-1920s, but only from Canton to Ogdensburg. The route was extended to Colton in 1930, then truncated slightly to end at the NY 37 bypass in the 1970s. NY 68 was re-extended to its current length in 1982 as part of a highway maintenance swap between New York State and St. Lawrence County.

New York State Route 56
New York State Route 56 (NY 56) is a 51.44-mile-long (82.78 km) north–south state highway in eastern St. Lawrence County, New York, in the United States. The southern terminus of the route is at an intersection with NY 3 in the town of Colton. Its northern terminus is at a junction with NY 37 southwest of Massena in the town of Louisville. NY 56 follows the Raquette River for most of its length and serves the village of Potsdam, where it passes by the campus of State University of New York at Potsdam.
Ouvrage Bois-du-Four
Ouvrage Bois-du-Four is a lesser work (petit ouvrage) in the Fortified Sector of the Crusnes of the Maginot Line.  The ouvrage consists of a single large combat block without an underground gallery system, and is located between petit ouvrage Mauvais-Bois and gros ouvrage Bréhain, facing Luxembourg.  A planned expansion, never carried out, was intended to enlarge Bois-du-Four into a fully equipped gros ouvrage. Bois-du-Four saw little action in either the Battle of France in 1940 or the Lorraine Campaign of 1944. It is preserved by the community of Villers-la-Montagne and may be visited.

Ouvrage Bréhain
Ouvrage Bréhain is part of the Fortified Sector of the Crusnes of the Maginot Line, located near the community of Bréhain-la-Ville in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department of France.  Bréhain is flanked by petits ouvrages Mauvais Bois and Aumetz. The gros ouvrage was equipped with long-range artillery, and faced the border with Luxembourg. It saw no major action in either the Battle of France in 1940 or the Lorraine Campaign of 1944. While not open to public visitation, it has been secured and is in relatively good condition when compared to other abandoned Maginot positions. A flanking casemate has been restored and may be visited.
The Prince and Betty
The Prince and Betty is a novel by P. G. Wodehouse. It was originally published in Ainslee's Magazine in the United States in January 1912, and, in a slightly different form, as a serial in Strand Magazine in the United Kingdom between February and April 1912. It was published in book form, in the United Kingdom by Mills & Boon on 1 May 1912. A substantially different version, which incorporated the plot of Psmith, Journalist, was published in the US by W.J. Watt & Company, New York on 14 February 1912.

Psmith, Journalist
Psmith, Journalist is a novel by P. G. Wodehouse, first released in the United Kingdom as a serial in The Captain magazine between October 1909 and February 1910, and published in book form in the UK on 29 September 1915, by Adam & Charles Black, London, and, from imported sheets, by Macmillan, New York, later that year.

The story was also incorporated into the US version of The Prince and Betty, published by W.J. Watt and Co., New York, on 14 February 1912. This combined the magazine versions of The Prince and Betty and Psmith, Journalist, and is a very different book from that published as The Prince and Betty in the UK.

It continues the adventures of the silver-tongued Psmith, one of Wodehouse's best loved characters, and his friend Mike Jackson.
Naropa University
Naropa University is a private university in Boulder, Colorado, United States. Founded in 1974 by Tibetan Buddhist teacher Chögyam Trungpa, it is named after the 11th-century Indian Buddhist sage Naropa, an abbot of Nalanda. The university describes itself as Buddhist-inspired, ecumenical, and nonsectarian rather than Buddhist. Naropa promotes non-traditional activities like meditation to supplement traditional learning approaches.

Naropa was accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools in 1988, making it the first Buddhist-inspired academic institution to receive United States regional accreditation. It remains one of only a handful of such schools. The university has hosted a number of Beat poets under the auspices of its Jack Kerouac School of Disembodied Poetics.

Jack Kerouac School
The Jack Kerouac School of Disembodied Poetics is a school of Naropa University, located in Boulder, Colorado, United States. It was founded in 1974 by Allen Ginsberg and Anne Waldman, as part of Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche’s 100-year experiment and named after the Beat writer Jack Kerouac.
Connecticut State Police
The Connecticut State Police (CSP) is the state police and highway patrol of the U.S. state of Connecticut, responsible for statewide traffic regulation and law enforcement, especially in areas not served by (or served by smaller) municipal police. It is a division of the Connecticut Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection. The CSP currently has about 875 troopers as of June 28, 2022, and is headquartered in Middletown, Connecticut. The Connecticut State Police is also responsible for protecting the Governor of Connecticut, Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut, and their families.

Connecticut Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection
The Connecticut Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection is a statewide law agency of Connecticut for law enforcement, fire services, and scientific services. Its headquarters are in Middletown. The current commissioner is Ronnell A. Higgins. 
The Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection was created due to a statewide reorganization of state agencies. The reorganization dissolved the Department of Public Safety,  merged the Commission on Fire Prevention and Control, dissolved the Department of Emergency Management and Homeland Security (DEMHS) and merged the Police Officer Standards and Training Council (POST).
Toxic multinodular goitre
Toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG), also known as multinodular toxic goiter (MNTG), is an active multinodular goiter associated with hyperthyroidism.

It is a common cause of hyperthyroidism in which there is excess production of thyroid hormones from functionally autonomous thyroid nodules, which do not require stimulation from thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

Toxic multinodular goiter is the second most common cause of hyperthyroidism (after Graves' disease) in the developed world, whereas iodine deficiency is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in developing-world countries where the population is iodine-deficient. (Decreased iodine leads to decreased thyroid hormone.) However, iodine deficiency can cause goiter (thyroid enlargement); within a goitre, nodules can develop. Risk factors for toxic multinodular goiter include individuals over 60 years of age and being female.

Goitre
A goitre (British English), or goiter (American English), is a swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland. A goitre can be associated with a thyroid that is not functioning properly.

Worldwide, over 90% of goitre cases are caused by iodine deficiency. The term is from the Latin gutturia, meaning throat. Most goitres are not cancerous (i.e., benign), though they may be potentially harmful.
Tay Whale
The Tay Whale, known locally as the Monster, was a humpback whale that swam into the Firth of Tay of eastern Scotland in 1883. It was harpooned in a hunt, but escaped, and was found floating dead off Stonehaven a week later. It was towed into Dundee by a showman, John Woods, and exhibited on a train tour of Scotland and England.

The Regius Professor of Anatomy at Aberdeen University, John Struthers dissected the whale, much of the time in public with a military band playing in the background, organised by Woods. The decomposing whale made Woods a great deal of money, and Struthers famous.

The doggerel poet William McGonagall wrote a notoriously bad poem, "The Famous Tay Whale", shortly after the events.

Whaling in Scotland
The first evidence for whaling in Scotland is from Bronze Age settlements where whalebones were used for constructing and decorating dwelling places. Commercial whaling started in the Middle Ages, and by the 1750s most Scottish ports were whaling, with the Edinburgh Whale-Fishing Company being founded in 1749. The last company still engaged in whaling was Christian Salvesen, which exited the industry in 1963.
Pyaar Ke Side Effects
Pyaar Ke Side Effects (English: The Side Effects of Love) is a 2006 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy film written and directed by Saket Chaudhary. The film stars Mallika Sherawat and Rahul Bose in the lead roles. The film portrays the intricacies of a modern relationship, and explores the theme of 'commitment phobia' in a captivating manner, an interesting, witty take on men-women relationships. After the success of the film, the lead pair were paired in another film, Maan Gaye Mughal-e-Azam, however, the film was unsuccessful. A sequel, Shaadi Ke Side Effects, was released in 2014 with Vidya Balan and Farhan Akhtar in the lead roles.

Shaadi Ke Side Effects
Shaadi Ke Side Effects (transl. Side effects of marriage) is a 2014 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy film directed by Saket Chaudhary, and starring Farhan Akhtar and Vidya Balan. It is the sequel to the 2006 film Pyaar Ke Side Effects. The film is produced by Balaji Motion Pictures and Pritish Nandy Communications. The film is about a young couple who experience many comic events after their marriage. It was released on 28 February 2014.
Francisco Marcó del Pont
Francisco Casimiro Marcó del Pont y Ángel (Latin American Spanish: [fɾanˈsisko maɾˈko ðel pond]; June 25, 1770 – May 19, 1819) was a Spanish soldier and the last Governor of Chile. He was one of the main figures of the Chilean independence process, being the final Spaniard to rule as Royal Governor of Chile from 1815 to 1817, when he was deposed and captured by the patriot forces after the Battle of Chacabuco.

Royal Governor of Chile
The royal governor of Chile ruled over the Spanish colonial administrative district called the Captaincy General of Chile, and as a result the royal governor also held the title of a captain general. There were 66 such governors or captains during the Spanish conquest and the later periods of Spanish-centered colonialism. Since the first Spanish–Mapuche parliaments in the 17th century it became an almost mandatory tradition for each governor to arrange a parliament with the Mapuches.