hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kukiz'15
Kukiz'15 is a right-wing populist political party in Poland led by Paweł Kukiz.

It was formed in 2015 as a loose movement that registered itself as an association in 2016 and later as a political party in 2020. Initially, it was connected with far-right parties such as the National Movement, although it has moderated its political outlook since 2016. During the 2018 local elections, it coordinated with the socially conservative Right Wing of the Republic;  in 2019, it joined the Polish Coalition. Due to its eurosceptic stances, its membership was terminated from the coalition. In May 2021 it announced its support for the ruling United Right coalition.

United Right (Poland)
The United Right (Polish: Zjednoczona Prawica [zjɛd.nɔˈt͡ʂɔ.na praˈvi.t͡sa], ZP), initially Fair Poland, (Polish: Sprawiedliwa Polska) refers to a parliamentary circle formed by Jarosław Gowin and Zbigniew Ziobro with their respective parties, Poland Together and United Poland. After their cooperation at 2015 Polish parliamentary election with the Law and Justice party, 'United Right' became a media label for the then-ruling right-wing political alliance of Law and Justice with its aforementioned partners in Poland.
VAXstation
The VAXstation is a discontinued family of workstation computers developed and manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation using processors implementing the VAX instruction set architecture. VAXstation systems were typically shipped with either the OpenVMS or ULTRIX operating systems. Many members of the VAXstation family had corresponding MicroVAX variants, which primarily differ by the lack of graphics hardware.

MicroVAX
The MicroVAX is a discontinued family of low-cost minicomputers developed and manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). The first model, the MicroVAX I, shipped in 1984. The series uses processors that implement the VAX instruction set architecture (ISA) and were succeeded by the VAX 4000. Many members of the MicroVAX family have corresponding VAXstation variants, which primarily differ by the addition of graphics hardware. The MicroVAX family supports Digital's VMS, ULTRIX, and VAXELN operating systems. Prior to VMS V5.0, MicroVAX hardware required a dedicated version of VMS named MicroVMS.
Interstate 605
Interstate 605 (abbreviated I-605, officially known as the San Gabriel River Freeway and locally referred to as The 605) is a 27-mile-long (43 km) major north–south auxiliary Interstate Highway in the Greater Los Angeles urban area of Southern California. It runs from I-405 and State Route 22 (SR 22) in Seal Beach in Orange County to I-210 just south of the Irwindale–Duarte border in Los Angeles County. The San Gabriel River Freeway closely parallels the San Gabriel River for most of its alignment, hence its name, which is one of the few Southern California freeways not named after a city along its route.

Aside from changes to the interchange with I-105 (which did not open until the early 1990s), and the addition of an HOV lane between I-405 and I-10, I-605 is one of the only remaining freeways that kept its original alignment throughout its run through Los Angeles County since it first opened.

Interstate 405 (California)
Interstate 405 (I-405, locally referred to as the 405) is a major north–south auxiliary Interstate Highway in Southern California. The entire route is known as the northern segment of the San Diego Freeway. I-405 is a bypass auxiliary route of I-5, running along the southern and western parts of the Greater Los Angeles urban area from Irvine in the south to Sylmar in the north.

I-405, heavily traveled by both commuters and freight haulers along its entire length, is the busiest and most congested freeway in the United States. The freeway's annual average daily traffic between exits 21 and 22 in Seal Beach reached 374,000 in 2008, making it the highest count in the nation. It has played a crucial role in the development of dozens of cities and suburbs along its route through Los Angeles and Orange counties. It also serves Los Angeles International Airport, Long Beach Airport, and Orange County's John Wayne Airport.
Royal Docks
Royal Docks is an area in the London Borough of Newham in the London Docklands in East London, England.

The area is named after three docks – the Royal Albert Dock, the Royal Victoria Dock and the King George V Dock. They are more correctly called the Royal Group of Docks to distinguish them from the Royal Navy Dockyard, Royal being due to their naming after members of the royal family rather than Crown ownership. The three docks collectively formed the largest enclosed docks in the world, with a water area of nearly 250 acres (1.0 km2) and an overall estate of 1,100 acres (4.5 km2).  The area was designated a special enterprise zone in 2012. North Woolwich is part of Royal Docks ward.

Royal Docks was also a ward of the London Borough of Newham, which at the 2011 Census had a population of 10,679. It was abolished for the 2022 elections and replaced by two new wards of Royal Albert and Royal Victoria.

London Docklands
London Docklands is an area of London encompassing the city’s former docks. It is located in inner east and southeast London, in the boroughs of Southwark, Tower Hamlets, Lewisham, Newham and Greenwich. The docks were formerly part of the Port of London, at one time the world's largest port. After the docks closed, the area had become derelict and poverty-ridden by the 1980s. The Docklands' regeneration began later that decade; it has been redeveloped principally for commercial and residential use. The name "London Docklands" was used for the first time in a government report on redevelopment plans in 1971 and has since been almost universally adopted. The redevelopment created wealth, but also led to some conflict between the new and old communities in the area.
Broom, Warwickshire
Broom is a village in the civil parish of Bidford-on-Avon in the Stratford-on-Avon district of Warwickshire, England, about 1.7 miles (2.7 km) north-west of Bidford. The village lies in the north-west corner of the parish between the River Avon, which forms its western boundary, and the road from Bidford to Alcester. Broom formerly consisted of two hamlets known as King's Broom and Burnell's Broom. Burnell's Broom, the southern portion, was said to have been depopulated by Sir Rice Griffin of Broom Court during the reign of Elizabeth I. At the 2011 census Broom has a population of 550

Bidford-on-Avon
Bidford-on-Avon is a large village and civil parish in the English county of Warwickshire, very close to the border with Worcestershire. In the 2001 census it had a population of 4,830, increasing to 5,350 at the 2011 census, increasing again to 6,818 in the 2021 census.
Harvard Museum of Natural History
The Harvard Museum of Natural History (HMNH) is a natural history museum housed in the University Museum Building, located on the campus of Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It features 16 galleries with 12,000 specimens drawn from the collections of the university's three natural history research museums: the Harvard University Herbaria, the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and the Harvard Mineralogical Museum.

The museum is physically connected to the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at 26 Oxford Street. One admission grants visitors access to both museums. In 2012, Harvard formed a new consortium, the Harvard Museums of Science and Culture, whose members are the Harvard Museum of Natural History, the Harvard Museum of the Ancient Near East, the Peabody Museum, and the Collection of Historical Scientific Instruments.

Harvard Mineralogical Museum
The Mineralogical and Geological Museum at Harvard (MGMH), or the Harvard Mineralogical Museum, is located on the campus of Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It is one of the three research museums which collectively comprise the collection of the Harvard Museum of Natural History.
Samuel Ashworth (co-operator)
Samuel Ashworth (15 January 1825 – 2 February 1871) was an English co-operative movement organiser, flannel weaver, shop worker, and founding member of the Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers. He was the son of fellow Rochdale Pioneer Miles Ashworth.

Miles Ashworth
Miles Ashworth (bapt. 29 January 1792 – 13 April 1868) was an English co-operator, weaver, chartist, and marine. In 1844 he was a founding member of the Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers and served as the society's first president. He was father to fellow Rochdale Pioneer Samuel Ashworth.
VS-30
The VS-30 is a Brazilian sounding rocket, developed by the Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço and derived from the Sonda 3 sounding rocket first stage. It consists of a single, solid-fuelled S-30 stage, and has been launched from Alcântara, Maranhão and Barreira do Inferno, Rio Grande do Norte, in Brazil, and Andøya and Svalbard Rocket Range in Norway.

It has been launched both on its own, or in the VS-30 Orion configuration, with an American Improved Orion second stage. On its own, it can reach an apogee of 140 kilometres, and with an Orion upper stage, it can reach an apogee of 434 kilometres.

The VS-30 is also used as the upper stage of the VSB-30 rocket.

Sonda (rocket)
Sonda ("Probe" in English) is a family of Brazilian-built sounding rockets which serves as an R&D path to the VLS (Portuguese: Veículo Lançador de Satélites) orbital rocket. Launches started in 1965 and continue to this day. Launch sites include Wallops Island, Andoya, Kiruna, Natal, Alcântara, Cassino and SvalRak.
John Murray, 11th Duke of Atholl
John Murray, 11th Duke of Atholl (19 January 1929 – 15 May 2012), was a Scots Afrikaner aristocrat, a Peer of Scotland, hereditary Clan Chief of Clan Murray, and Colonel-in-Chief of the Atholl Highlanders.

As the 11th Duke of Atholl, he commanded the only legal private army in Europe. He succeeded his second cousin, once removed, the 10th Duke of Atholl, in the family titles on 27 February 1996.

Iain Murray, 10th Duke of Atholl
George Iain Murray, 10th Duke of Atholl, DL (19 June 1931 – 27 February 1996), known as Wee Iain, was a Scottish peer and landowner.

He was also Marquess and Earl of Atholl, Marquess and Earl of Tullibardine, and Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle.
New Zealand Knights FC
New Zealand Knights Football Club (formed from the Football Kingz Football Club in 2004) were the only professional association football club in New Zealand before they became defunct. Based in Auckland, New Zealand, they played in the A-League, Australia's premier football competition and have since been replaced by Wellington Phoenix.

Wellington Phoenix FC
Wellington Phoenix Football Club is a professional football club based in Wellington, New Zealand. It competes in the Australian A-League Men, under licence from Football Federation Australia. Phoenix entered the competition in the 2007–08 season after its formation in March 2007, by New Zealand Football to replace New Zealand Knights as a New Zealand-based club in the Australian A-League competition. Since 2011, the club has been owned by Welnix, a consortium of seven Wellington businessmen.

The club is one of the few clubs in the world to compete in a league of a different confederation (AFC) from that of the country where it is based (OFC). It plays matches at Sky Stadium (formerly Westpac Stadium), a 34,500-seat multi-purpose venue in Wellington. Their home kit consists of black and yellow stripes. Its highest achievement is reaching the A-League Preliminary Final in 2010 and the A-League Semi Final in 2024.
Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Affairs
The parliamentary under-secretary of state for foreign affairs was a junior position in the British government, subordinate to both the secretary of state for foreign affairs and since 1945 also to the minister of state for foreign affairs. The post is based at the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, which was created by the merger of the Foreign Office, where the position was initially based, with the Commonwealth Office in 1968 and the Department for International Development in 2020. Notable holders of the office include Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville, John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley, Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon, George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, and Anthony Eden.

Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)
The secretary of state for foreign, commonwealth and development affairs, commonly known as the foreign secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with responsibility for the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office. The role is one of the most senior ministers in the UK Government and is a Great Office of State. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom and National Security Council, and reports directly to the prime minister.

The officeholder works alongside the other Foreign Office ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow foreign secretary. The Foreign Affairs Select Committee also evaluates the secretary of state's performance.

The current foreign secretary is Yvette Cooper. She was appointed by Prime Minister Keir Starmer on 5 September 2025.
Mile, Visoko
Mile (Cyrillic: Миле) is archaeological medieval site located in the Visoko basin, in present day Arnautovići village near Visoko, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The site was a medieval crowning and burial church of Bosnian kings during the Bosnian Banate and later Kingdom, between its construction in 1340 and the fall of the Kingdom in 1463.

Mile is an inscribed as the National Monument of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in 2003 by KONS.

Visoko during the Middle Ages
The area of today's Visoko is considered to be a nucleus from where Bosnian statehood was developed in 10th century. The expanded valley of the river Bosna around today's Visoko was the biggest agriculture area in central Bosnia, so fertile ground around Visoko was ideal for development of early political center of Bosnian nobility.

The settlement that was in Visoko field has been associated with the name Bosna (Bosnia) for a long time, only since the 1350s has the name Visoki became widely used. Visoko and its valley with Mile, Moštre and Podvisoki was an early center of the Bosnian medieval state, and the site where some members of the Kotromanić dynasty were buried and the first Bosnian King Tvrtko I was crowned. The old town of Visoki, located on Visočica hill, was a politically important fortress, and its inner bailey, Podvisoki, was an early example of a Bosnian medieval urban area.
Lolita fashion
Lolita fashion (ロリータ・ファッション, rorīta fasshon) is a subculture from Japan that is highly influenced by Victorian clothing and styles from the Rococo period. A very distinctive property of Lolita fashion is the aesthetic of cuteness. This clothing subculture can be categorized into three main substyles: gothic, classic, and sweet. Many other substyles such as sailor, country, hime (princess), guro (grotesque), qi and wa (based on traditional Chinese and Japanese dress, respectively), punk, shiro (white), kuro (black), and steampunk Lolita also exist. This style evolved into a widely followed subculture in Japan and other countries in the 1990s and 2000s, although its popularity has waned in Japan as of the 2010s as alternative fashions fell in popularity.

Gothic Lolita
Gothic Lolita (Japanese: ゴシック・アンド・ロリータ/ゴスロリ 哥特洛丽塔) is a fashion subculture that originated from the European goth subculture and is also a branch of the Japanese Lolita fashion. It was originally based on traditional European clothing and then adopted by the Japanese street culture in the 1980s. Gothic Lolita combines the loveliness of Lolita and the darkness and mystery of the gothic style and is renowned for its abundant use of black elements such as lace, ruffles, and straps.
Operation Caravan
Operation Caravan was a subsidiary of Operation Agreement under which four simultaneous raids were carried out against important Axis lines of communication positions in September 1942.

The operations were against Tobruk (Agreement), Benghazi (Bigamy), Jalo oasis (Nicety) and Barce (Caravan). Caravan was the only successful operation of the group.

As well as aiding in some of the operations, the Long Range Desert Group was to carry out the attack on the Italians at Barce, particularly the airfield there. To reach Barce, the force travelled 1,155 miles (1,859 km). One part of the force attacked the airfield claiming 35 aircraft destroyed, the other attacked the barracks.

Operation Agreement
Operation Agreement was a ground and amphibious operation carried out by British, Rhodesian and New Zealand forces on Axis-held Tobruk from 13 to 14 September 1942, during the Second World War. A Special Interrogation Group party, fluent in German, took part in missions behind enemy lines. Diversionary actions extended to Benghazi (Operation Bigamy), Jalo oasis (Operation Nicety) and Barce (Operation Caravan). The Tobruk raid was an Allied disaster; the British lost several hundred men killed and captured, one cruiser, two destroyers, six motor torpedo boats and dozens of small amphibious craft.
Governorates of Tunisia
Tunisia is divided into 24 governorates (wilayat, sing. wilayah). This term in Arabic can also be translated as province.

The governorates are divided into 264 delegations (mutamadiyat), and further subdivided into municipalities (baladiyat), and sectors (imadats). Tunisia is divided into 6 regions.

Delegations of Tunisia
The delegations of Tunisia (mutamadiyah, plural mutamadiyat) are the second level administrative divisions of Tunisia between the governorates and the sectors (imadats).  As of 2006 there were 24 governorates which were divided into 264 delegations and further divided into 2073 sectors. The delegations are listed below, organized by governorate.
Sentinel-3B
Sentinel-3B is a European Earth observation satellite dedicated to oceanography which launched on 25 April 2018. It was built as a part of the Copernicus Programme, and is the second (after Sentinel-3A, launched 16 February 2016) of four planned Sentinel-3 satellites.

Sentinel-3
Sentinel-3  is an Earth observation heavy satellite series developed by the European Space Agency as part of the Copernicus Programme. As of 2024, it consists of 2 satellites: Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B. After initial commissioning, each satellite was handed over to EUMETSAT for the routine operations phase of the mission. Two recurrent satellites, Sentinel-3C and Sentinel-3D, will follow in approximately 2026 and 2028 respectively to ensure continuity of the Sentinel-3 mission.

Each Sentinel-3 satellite is designed to operate for seven years in a sun-synchronous low-Earth orbit. The satellites use multiple sensors to measure topography, temperature, marine ecosystems, water quality, pollution, and other features for ocean forecasting and environmental monitoring.
Thymus (plant)
The genus Thymus (/ˈtaɪməs/ TY-məs; thymes) contains about 350 species of aromatic perennial herbaceous plants and subshrubs in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to the Mediterranean area of Europe, North Africa and Turkey.

Several members of the genus are cultivated as culinary herbs or ornamentals, when they are also called thyme after its best-known species, Thymus vulgaris or common thyme.

Thyme
Thyme (/taɪm/) is a culinary herb consisting of the dried aerial parts of some members of the genus Thymus of flowering plants in the mint family Lamiaceae. Thymes are native to Eurasia and north Africa. Thymes have culinary, medicinal, and ornamental uses. The species most commonly cultivated and used for culinary purposes is Thymus vulgaris, native to Southeast Europe.
Mambo (software)
Mambo (formerly named Mambo Open Source or MOS) was a free software/open source content management system (CMS) for creating and managing websites through a simple web interface. Its last release was in 2008, by which time all of the developers had left for forks of the project, mainly Joomla and MiaCMS.

Joomla
Joomla (/ˈdʒuːm.lɑː/), also styled Joomla! (with an exclamation mark) and sometimes abbreviated as J!, is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) for publishing web content on websites. Web content applications include discussion forums, photo galleries, e-Commerce and user communities, and numerous other web-based applications. Joomla is developed by a community of volunteers supported with the legal, organisational and financial resources of Open Source Matters, Inc.

Joomla is written in PHP, uses object-oriented programming techniques and simple software design patterns, and stores data in a Structured Query Language (MySQL/MariaDB) database. Joomla includes features such as page caching, RSS feeds, blogs, search, and support for language internationalisation. It is built on a model–view–controller web application framework that can be used independently of the CMS.

Among CMSes, Joomla ranks fifth or sixth in global market share.
Mikoyan MiG-AT
The Mikoyan MiG-AT (Russian: МиГ-АТ) is a Russian advanced trainer and light attack aircraft that was intended to replace the Aero L-29 and L-39 of the Russian Air Force. Designed by the Mikoyan Design Bureau and built by the Moscow Aircraft Production Association, the MiG-AT made its first flight in March 1996. It is the first joint aircraft development programme between Russia and France and the first military collaborative project between Russia and the West to reach first flight. The design lost out to the Yakovlev Yak-130 in 2002 in the competition for a government contract, and had also been unsuccessfully marketed to countries such as India,  Greece, and those of the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Yakovlev Yak-130
The Yakovlev Yak-130 (NATO reporting name: Mitten) is a subsonic two-seat advanced jet trainer and light combat aircraft originally developed by Yakovlev and Aermacchi as the "Yak/AEM-130". It has also been marketed as a potential light attack aircraft. Development of the aircraft began in 1991 and the maiden flight was conducted on 25 April 1996. In 2002, it won a Russian government tender for training aircraft and in 2010 the aircraft entered service with the Russian Air Force. As an advanced training aircraft, the Yak-130 is able to replicate the characteristics of several 4+ generation fighters as well as the fifth-generation Sukhoi Su-57. It can also perform light-attack and reconnaissance duties, carrying a combat load of 3,000 kg (6,600 lb).
Ethan Allen Greenwood
Ethan Allen Greenwood (May 27, 1779 – May 3, 1856) was an American  lawyer, portrait painter, and entrepreneurial museum proprietor in Boston, Massachusetts, in the early 19th century. He established the New England Museum in 1818.

New England Museum
The New England Museum (1818 – c. 1838) in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, was established at 76 Court Street by Ethan A. Greenwood, Peter B. Bazin, John Dwight and Samuel Jackson. It featured displays of fine art, natural history specimens, wax figures, and other curiosities. Bands of musicians typically performed there during public hours.
Gmina Boronów
Gmina Boronów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lubliniec County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It was formed in 1993, having previously been part of Gmina Herby. Its seat is the village of Boronów, which lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) east of Lubliniec and 49 km (30 mi) north of the regional capital Katowice.

The gmina covers an area of 56 square kilometres (21.6 sq mi), and as of 2019, its total population was 3,416.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Upper Liswarta Forests Landscape Park.

Gmina Herby
Gmina Herby is a rural gmina (municipality) in Lubliniec County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Herby, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) north-east of Lubliniec and 57 km (35 mi) north of the regional capital Katowice. Until 1993 it also included the area which now makes up Gmina Boronów.

The gmina covers an area of 50.47 square kilometres (19.5 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population was 6,808.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Upper Liswarta Forests Landscape Park.