hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carolina Morace
Carolina Morace (Italian pronunciation: [karoˈliːna moˈraːtʃe]; born 5 February 1964) is an Italian politician and former footballer, who played as a striker. She was most recently the head coach of Lazio Women. She played for the Italian national team and for various clubs in women's Serie A. She was the top scorer in Serie A in the 1984–85 season, and for 11 consecutive years from 1987–88 to 1997–98, and she holds the distinction of scoring the first hat-trick in a FIFA Women's World Cup. She is also a registered lawyer.

After retiring as a player, she began a managing career with Lazio. She then managed the Italian national team from 2000 to 2005, and the Canadian national women's team from 2009 to 2011. In 2014, she was the first woman to be inducted into the Italian Football Hall of Fame. Morace was elected to the European Parliament in 2024.

Italy women's national football team
The Italy women's national football team (Italian: Nazionale di calcio femminile dell'Italia) has represented Italy in international women's football since their inception in 1968. The team is controlled by the Italian Football Federation (FIGC), the governing body for football in Italy.

Formed in 1968, Italy took part in various unofficial international tournaments, hosting the first unofficial European Competition in 1969 and World Cup in 1970. Italy qualified for both the first World Cup in 1991, where they reached the quarter-finals, and the first European Championship. While Italy were runners-up in the European Championship in 1993 and 1997, they are yet to replicate similar success at the World Cup. In 2019, after a 20-year drought, Italy qualified for the World Cup where they equaled their previous best performance, reaching the quarter-finals.
Beatrice Portinari
Beatrice "Bice" di Folco Portinari (Italian: [beaˈtriːtʃe portiˈnaːri]; 1265 – 8 or 19 June 1290) was an Italian woman who has been commonly identified  as the principal inspiration for Dante Alighieri's Vita Nuova, and is also identified with the Beatrice who acts as his guide in the last book of his narrative poem the Divine Comedy (La Divina Commedia), Paradiso, and during the conclusion of the preceding Purgatorio. In the Comedy, Beatrice symbolises divine grace and theology.

La Vita Nuova
La Vita Nuova (pronounced [la ˈviːta ˈnwɔːva]; modern Italian for "The New Life") or Vita Nova (Latin and medieval Italian title ) is a text by Dante Alighieri published in 1294. It is an expression of the medieval genre of courtly love in a prosimetrum style, a combination of both prose and verse.
Barak Khan
Barak (Turki/Kypchak and Persian: براق خان; died 1429) was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1423 to 1429. His father was Quyurchuq, the son of Urus Khan, who was a descendant of Tuqa-Timur, the son of Jochi, the eldest son of Genghis Khan.

Barak took support from Ulugh Beg, the Timurid emir, and in 1422 he dethroned Kepek, Ulugh Muhammad as well as Dawlat Berdi, khans of the Golden Horde. And Barak Khan reoccupied Sighnak from the Timurids. However, he was defeated in 1427 by Ulugh Muhammad and was promptly assassinated by Jochi's descendant, Mohammed, who claimed the steppe between the Ural and Syr Darya rivers for his dynasty.

In the 1460s, Barak’s son Janibek rebelled against Abu'l-Khayr Khan and he, along with Kerei, immigrated to the environs of Jeti Su (Seven Rivers) and  established the Kazakh Khanate.

Urus Khan
Urus Khan (died 1377) was the eighth Khan of the White Horde and a disputed Khan of the Blue Horde; he was a direct descendant of Genghis Khan. Urus himself was the direct ancestor of the khans of the Kazakh Khanate.
Amide
In organic chemistry, an amide, also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide, is a compound with the general formula R−C(=O)−NR′R″, where R, R', and R″ represent any group, typically organyl groups or hydrogen atoms. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is part of the main chain of a protein, and an isopeptide bond when it occurs in a side chain, as in asparagine and glutamine. It can be viewed as a derivative of a carboxylic acid (R−C(=O)−OH) with the hydroxyl group (−OH) replaced by an amino group (−NR′R″); or, equivalently, an acyl (alkanoyl) group (R−C(=O)−) joined to an amino group.

Common amides are formamide (H−C(=O)−NH2), acetamide (H3C−C(=O)−NH2), benzamide (C6H5−C(=O)−NH2), and dimethylformamide (H−C(=O)−N(−CH3)2).

Amides are qualified as primary, secondary, and tertiary according to the number of acyl groups bounded to the nitrogen atom.

Peptide bond
In organic chemistry, a peptide bond is an amide type of covalent chemical bond linking two consecutive alpha-amino acids from C1 (carbon number one) of one alpha-amino acid and N2 (nitrogen number two) of another, along a peptide or protein chain.

It can also be called a eupeptide bond to distinguish it from an isopeptide bond, which is another type of amide bond between two amino acids.
Highland Village/Lewisville Lake station
Highland Village/Lewisville Lake station is an A-train commuter rail station in Lewisville, Texas. It is operated by the Denton County Transportation Authority (DCTA).

The station, located east of Interstate 35E at Garden Ridge Boulevard, serves northern Lewisville, Highland Village, and the Lewisville Lake recreational area. It also serves as a park and ride lot for commuters from Flower Mound and the Lake Cities (Corinth, Hickory Creek, Lake Dallas, and Shady Shores).

On A-train maps and signage, the station is denoted by a blue circle containing a sailboat.

Highland Village, Texas
Highland Village is a city in Denton County, Texas, United States. It is a suburb of Dallas and Fort Worth, located on the south side of the far western branch of Lewisville Lake. As of the 2020 United States census the city's population was 15,899.
State road D.110 (Turkey)
D.110 is a 172 km (107 mi) long east-west state road in Turkey running from the border with Greece, near İpsala, to the junction with the D.100 in Kınalı. The road is the main route into Greece and one of only two roads that cross the Greek border from Turkey. The entire route is a four-lane highway, except for the two-lane bridge crossing the Maritsa river. The D.110 is a part of the European route E84 for its entire length and part of the E90 from the Greek border to Keşan.

European route E84
European route E 84 is a road part of the International E-road network. It begins in İpsala border gate (to/from Greece) in Turkey and run through Keşan, Malkara, Tekirdağ and Marmaraereğlisi and ends in Silivri, Turkey.

The road follows: Keşan - Tekirdağ - Silivri. It is a part of the D-110.
Andile Dlamini
Andile ‘Sticks’ Dlamini (born 2 September 1992) is a South African singer and soccer player who plays as a goalkeeper for SAFA Women's League club Mamelodi Sundowns and the South Africa women's national team.

Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.
Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies Football Club is a women's professional soccer club based in Pretoria, South Africa. The team competes in the SAFA Women's League, the top tier women's football league in South Africa. They are the most successful women's team in South Africa with eight titles. The team, together with the men's team are owned by Patrice Motsepe.

They won the inaugural CAF Women's Champions League in 2021. In the qualifiers, the 2021 CAF Women's Champions League COSAFA Qualifiers, they won without a single loss. This sent them to the 2021 CAF Women's Champions League which they also won without a defeat and also without conceding.
Voronezh Malshevo (air base)
Voronezh Malshevo is an air base in Voronezh Oblast of the Russian Aerospace Forces as part of the 6th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, Western Military District. The base is also known as Malshevo, Mal'shevo, Voronezh Southwest, Voronezh Baltimor and Baltimore. The base is home to the 47th Composite Guards Aviation Regiment which operates two squadrons of Sukhoi Su-34s (ASCC: Fullback).

As of 2024 satellite imagery shows runway 11/29 extended to 3.60 km.

Sukhoi Su-34
The Sukhoi Su-34 (Russian: Сухой Су-34; NATO reporting name: Fullback) is a Soviet-origin Russian twin-engine, twin-seat, all-weather supersonic medium-range fighter-bomber/strike aircraft. It first flew in 1990, intended for the Soviet Air Forces, and it entered service in 2014 with the Russian Air Force.

Based on the Sukhoi Su-27 Flanker air superiority fighter, the Su-34 has a wider, armoured cockpit with side-by-side seating for its two pilots. The Su-34 was designed primarily for tactical deployment against ground and naval targets (tactical bombing/attack/interdiction roles, including against small and mobile targets) on solo and group missions in daytime and at night, under favourable and adverse weather conditions and in a hostile environment with counter-fire and electronic warfare (EW) counter-measures deployed, as well as for aerial reconnaissance. The Su-34 is planned to eventually replace the Su-24 tactical bomber and the Tu-22M long-range bomber.
Food coloring
Food coloring, color additive or colorant is any dye, pigment, or substance that imparts color when it is added to food or beverages. Colorants can be supplied as liquids, powders, gels, or pastes. Food coloring is commonly used in commercial products and in domestic cooking.

Food colorants are also used in various non-food applications, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, home craft projects, and medical devices. Some colorings may be natural, such as with carotenoids and anthocyanins extracted from plants or cochineal from insects, or may be synthesized, such as tartrazine yellow.

In the manufacturing of foods, beverages and cosmetics, the safety of colorants is under constant scientific review and certification by national regulatory agencies, such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and by international reviewers, such as the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.

Tartrazine
Tartrazine is a synthetic lemon yellow azo dye primarily used as a food coloring.  It is also known as E number E102, C.I. 19140, FD&C Yellow 5, Yellow 5 Lake, Acid Yellow 23, Food Yellow 4, and trisodium 1-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-4-(4-sulfonatophenylazo)-5-pyrazolone-3-carboxylate.

Tartrazine is a commonly used coloring agent all over the world, mainly for yellow, and can also be used with brilliant blue FCF (FD&C Blue 1,  E133) or green S (E142) to produce various green shades. It serves as a dye for wool and silks, a colorant in food, drugs and cosmetics and an adsorption-elution indicator for chloride estimations in biochemistry.
PartinG (gamer)
Won Lee-sak, (Korean: 원이삭) better known by his in-game name PartinG, is a South Korean StarCraft II player. He was the winner of the 2012 StarCraft II World Championship Series. He has played for yoe Flash Wolves, SK Telecom T1, and Team Player 1.

2012 StarCraft II World Championship Series
The 2012 StarCraft II World Championship Series (WCS) is part of the Battle.net World Championship Series, a series of video game tournaments held by Blizzard Entertainment, the creators of the video game StarCraft II (SC2). Tournaments were held in more than 28 countries to find top StarCraft II competitors. The top-ranked players from each continent were then invited to compete in the Global Finals in Shanghai, China. Korean player Won "PartinG" Lee-Sak emerged victorious in the final match against Jang "Creator" Hyun Woo, with third place going to Jung "Rain" Yoon Jong.
Compound-term processing
Compound-term processing, in information-retrieval, is search result matching on the basis of compound terms. Compound terms are built by combining two or more simple terms; for example, "triple" is a single word term, but "triple heart bypass" is a compound term.

Compound-term processing is a new approach to an old problem: how can one improve the relevance of search results while maintaining ease of use? Using this technique, a search for survival rates following a triple heart bypass in elderly people will locate documents about this topic even if this precise phrase is not contained in any document. This can be performed by a concept search, which itself uses compound-term processing. This will extract the key concepts automatically (in this case "survival rates", "triple heart bypass" and "elderly people") and use these concepts to select the most relevant documents.

Information retrieval
Information retrieval (IR) in computing and information science is the task of identifying and retrieving information system resources that are relevant to an information need. The information need can be specified in the form of a search query. In the case of document retrieval, queries can be based on full-text or other content-based indexing. Information retrieval is the science of searching for information in a document, searching for documents themselves, and also searching for the metadata that describes data, and for databases of texts, images, or sounds. Cross-modal retrieval implies retrieval across modalities.

Automated information retrieval systems are used to reduce what has been called information overload. An IR system is a software system that provides access to books, journals, and other documents, as well as storing and managing those documents. Web search engines are the most visible IR applications.
Auto battler
An auto battler, also known as auto chess, is a subgenre of strategy video games that typically feature chess-like elements where players place characters on a grid-shaped battlefield during a preparation phase, who then fight the opposing team's characters without any further direct input from the player.

The genre was popularized by Legion TD in late 2000s and saw other games in the genre released soon after by more established studios, such as Dota Auto Chess, Teamfight Tactics, Dota Underlords, and Hearthstone's Battlegrounds.

Teamfight Tactics
Teamfight Tactics (TFT) is an auto battler game developed and published by Riot Games. The game is a spinoff of League of Legends and is based on Dota Auto Chess, a mod for Dota 2, which in turn was inspired by Mahjong. Players face online against seven other opponents in a team building competition to be the last one standing.

The game released as a League of Legends game mode for Windows and macOS in June 2019 and as a standalone game for Android and iOS in March 2020, featuring cross-platform play between them.
Lars Schaade
Lars Schaade (born 1966) is a German physician. He is a specialist in microbiology and infectious disease epidemiology and has been president of the Robert Koch Institute since 2023. He has been an honorary professor at Charité since 2017.

Robert Koch Institute
The Robert Koch Institute (RKI) is a German federal government agency and research institute responsible for disease control and prevention. It is located in Berlin and Wernigerode. As an upper federal agency, it is subordinate to the Federal Ministry of Health. It was founded in 1891 and is named for its founding director, the founder of modern bacteriology and Nobel laureate Robert Koch.
Judee Sill
Judith Lynne Sill (October 7, 1944 – November 23, 1979) was an American singer-songwriter and composer. She was influenced by Bach, and wrote lyrics drawing on Christian themes of rapture and redemption.

Sill was the first artist signed to David Geffen's label Asylum. She released her first album, Judee Sill, in 1971, followed by Heart Food in 1973. Both albums were acclaimed but commercially unsuccessful.

In 1974, Sill recorded demos for a third album, which went unfinished. Sill struggled with addiction through much of her life and died of a drug overdose in 1979. She did not find commercial success, and at the time of her death, no obituary was published; however, several artists have since cited her as an influence. Her found studio tape, demos and other rarities were released on the 2005 collection Dreams Come True.

Judee Sill (album)
Judee Sill is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Judee Sill. Released on September 15, 1971, it was the first album on David Geffen's Asylum label. Backing musicians include John Beck and Jim Pons from the Leaves. While the majority of the album was produced by Henry Lewy, Graham Nash handled the duties for the single "Jesus Was a Cross Maker", with his production designed to aim for radio airplay.
Alessandro I Pico della Mirandola
Alessandro I Pico della Mirandola  (15 May 1566 – 2 December 1637) was an Italian nobleman and military man, second Marquis of Concordia (1602–1637), second and last Prince of Mirandola (1602–1617) and first Duke of Mirandola (1617–1637).

Duchy of Mirandola
The Lordship, then County, Principality and finally Duchy of Mirandola (Italian: Ducato della Mirandola) was a state which existed in Northern Italy from 1310 until 1711, centered in Mirandola in what is now the province of Modena, in Emilia-Romagna, and ruled by the House of Pico.
Consenting Adult Action Network
The Consenting Adult Action Network (CAAN) is a grassroots network of individuals in the United Kingdom that was formed in 2008 to protest and oppose laws restricting activities between consenting adults, most notably the criminalisation of possession of "extreme pornography" under Section 63 of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008.

Backlash (pressure group)
Backlash is an umbrella group formed in 2005 to coordinate opposition to the "Consultation on the possession of extreme pornographic material" issued in the United Kingdom jointly by the Home Office and the Scottish Executive. Its stated belief is that the proposals underlying the consultation represent an unjustified assault on freedom of speech and freedom of expression.

"See no evil" was a forum and wiki provided by Backlash as an independent platform for the discussion of the proposed UK law on the possession of "extreme pornography".

The group receives pro bono legal advice from the lawyer Myles Jackman.
Adwaita Mallabarman
Adwaita Mallabarman, (also spelled Advaita; 1 January 1914 – 16 April 1951) was a Bengali writer and journalist based in India. Today, he is best known for the novel, Titas Ekti Nadir Naam (A River Called Titas), which was published posthumously in 1956, following his death in 1951. He was briefly associated with Anandabazar Patrika, Yugantar and Desh.

Titas Ekti Nadir Naam (novel)
Titas Ekti Nadir Naam (lit. 'A river called Titas') is a novel by the Bengali author Adwaita Mallabarman. Completed in 1950, it was first serialized in the literary magazine Mohammadi and published posthumously as a book in 1956. The story follows the Malo fishing community (Jhalo Malo) of the Titas River, to which Adwaita belonged, as they are uprooted in the aftermath of the partition of India. Widely regarded as a classic, it was later adapted into a 1973 film by Ritwik Ghatak.
Foxcatcher
Foxcatcher is a 2014 American biographical sports thriller film, produced and directed by Bennett Miller. Written by E. Max Frye and Dan Futterman, the film stars Steve Carell, Channing Tatum, and Mark Ruffalo. Its plot is loosely based on multimillionaire Du Pont family heir and wrestling enthusiast John du Pont's 1986 recruitment of Olympic gold medalist brothers Mark and Dave Schultz, to help coach American wrestlers, and du Pont's murder of Dave in 1996.

Foxcatcher premiered on May 19, 2014 at the Cannes Film Festival, where Miller won Best Director. Upon its theatrical release on November 14, 2014, it received critical acclaim for the three lead actors' performances, Miller's direction, and the visual style and tone. Foxcatcher was nominated for five awards at the 87th Academy Awards, including Best Actor for Carell, Best Supporting Actor for Ruffalo and Best Director for Miller. The film also received three Golden Globe nominations, including Best Motion Picture – Drama.

Mark Schultz (wrestler)
Mark Philip Schultz (born October 26, 1960) is an Olympic Champion American freestyle wrestler. Schultz was a 3-time NCAA champion, Olympic champion and 2-time World champion. In 1995, Schultz was inducted into the National Wrestling Hall of Fame as a Distinguished Member. He is also in the San Jose Sports Hall of Fame, the California Wrestling Hall of Fame, and the San Mateo Peninsula Sports Hall of Fame.

He and his older brother, wrestler Dave Schultz, both won gold medals in wrestling in the same Olympics (1984). They are the only American brothers to win both World and Olympic gold, and have won more NCAA, U.S. Open, World, and Olympic titles than any other American brother combination in history.

He ended his career in the UFC IX under NHB (no-holds-barred) rules vs UFC VIII runner-up Gary "Big Daddy" Goodridge. His life story is in the book "Foxcatcher" a NY Times best seller & Amazon's "Editor's Pick".
Meir Friedmann
Meir (Ish Shalom) Friedmann (10 July 1831 in Kraszna (Slovak: Kružná), district of Kashau (Košice Region), Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire – 1908 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary) was an Austrian-Hungarian Jewish scholar. His editions of the Midrash are the standard texts. His chief editions were the Sifre (1864), the Mekhilta (1870), Pesiqta Rabbathi (1880). At the time of his death he was editing the Sifra. Friedmann, while inspired with regard for tradition, dealt with the Rabbinic texts with modern scientific methods, and rendered conspicuous service to the critical investigation of the Midrash and to the history of early homilies.

Pesikta Rabbati
Pesikta Rabbati (Aramaic: פסיקתא רבתי P'siqta Rabbati, "The Larger P'siqta") is a collection of aggadic midrash (homilies) on the Pentateuchal and prophetic readings, the special Sabbaths, and so on. It was composed around 845 CE and probably called "rabbati" (the larger) to distinguish it from the earlier Pesikta de-Rav Kahana (PdRK).
John Manduell
Sir John Manduell CBE (2 March 1928 – 25 October 2017) was a British radio executive, and administrator and composer in the field of classical music. He was the founding principal of the Royal Northern College of Music from 1973 to 1996 and the director of the Cheltenham Music Festival. He also founded the European Opera Centre.

Cheltenham Music Festival
51°53′24″N 2°04′41″W﻿ / ﻿51.890°N 2.078°W﻿ / 51.890; -2.078
The Cheltenham Music Festival is a British music festival, held annually in Cheltenham in the summer months (June, July) since 1945.  The festival is renowned for premieres of contemporary music – in its early days especially British music – hosting over 250 music premieres as of July 2004. The name was changed to the Cheltenham International Music Festival in 1974, and back to the Cheltenham Music Festival in 2005.
Astro (South Korean band)
Astro (Korean: 아스트로; stylized in all caps) is a South Korean boy band formed by Fantagio. The group is composed of four members: MJ, Jinjin, Cha Eun-woo, and Yoon San-ha. Originally a sextet, Rocky departed from the group on February 28, 2023, and Moonbin died on April 19, 2023. They debuted on February 23, 2016, with the extended play Spring Up and were subsequently named as one of the best new K-pop acts of 2016 by Billboard.

Rocky (singer)
Park Min-hyuk (Korean: 박민혁; born February 25, 1999), known professionally as Rocky (라키), is a South Korean rapper, singer, songwriter and actor. He was a member of the South Korean boy group Astro and its duo subunit Jinjin & Rocky with leader Jinjin. As an actor, he has starred in drama series  Soul Plate (2019),  Find Me If You Can (2021),  Hyangjeon of Youth (2021), and Broke Rookie Star (2022). He also played in the Korean interpretation of the musical drama The Three Musketeers (2022). He founded his own agency, Wonijin Entertainment, in August 2023.