hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ensay, Victoria
Ensay is a town located between Swifts Creek and Bruthen on the Great Alpine Road in East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. Ensay is 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of the major town of Bairnsdale and 366 kilometres (227 mi) east of the state capital Melbourne. Other nearby towns include Omeo and Benambra.

The town centre is located north of the confluence of the Little and Tambo river; with an altitude of approximately 400 metres (1,312 ft) AMSL. The population of Ensay was 109 as at the 2016 census.

Swifts Creek
Swifts Creek is a town in the Tambo Valley of East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. The town is on the Great Alpine Road between Omeo and Ensay, 379 kilometres (235 mi) east of the state capital Melbourne and 300 metres (980 ft) above sea level. The area was originally settled by Europeans in the gold rushes of the mid-1800s. At the 2011 census, Swifts Creek and the surrounding area had a population of 419, with a median age of 47.
Matlock Bath
Matlock Bath is a village and civil parish in Derbyshire, England. It lies in the Derbyshire Dales, south of Matlock on the main A6 road, and approximately halfway between Buxton and Derby. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 753. Originally built at the head of a dead-end dirt road running along the valley of the River Derwent from Matlock, the settlement developed in the 19th century as residential and a spa town which remains a tourist destination. The steep hillside restricts development, with most buildings on one side of the valley and only footbridges across the river. The road was upgraded, becoming a through-way, now designated A6, avoiding the previous coaching road approach to Matlock from Cromford over very steep hills near to the Riber plateau area.

Matlock Dale is a hamlet about 0.5 miles (0.8 km) north of the village, and the term also refers to this stretch of the river valley.

Matlock, Derbyshire
Matlock is the county town of Derbyshire, England. It is in the south-eastern part of the Peak District, with the National Park directly to the west.  The spa resort of Matlock Bath is immediately south of the town as well as Cromford lying further south still. The civil parish of Matlock Town had a population in the 2021 UK census of 10,000.

Matlock is 9 miles (14 km) south-west of Chesterfield and in close reach of the cities of Derby (19 miles), Sheffield (20 miles) and Nottingham (29 miles). Matlock is within the Derbyshire Dales district and is the headquarters of Derbyshire County Council.
Nuremberg–Schwandorf railway
The Nuremberg–Schwandorf railway is a 93.7 km long railway from Nuremberg, running along the Pegnitz river, to Hersbruck and continuing via Neukirchen bei Sulzbach-Rosenberg and Amberg to Schwandorf in the German state of Bavaria. It runs parallel to the Nuremberg–Cheb line (the Right Pegnitz line, German: rechte Pegnitzstrecke) between Nuremberg and Pommelsbrunn and this section is known as the Left Pegnitz line (linke Pegnitzstrecke). It was opened in 1859 and is one of the oldest railways in Germany.

Nuremberg–Cheb railway
The Nuremberg–Cheb railway is a 151 km long, non-electrified main line, mainly in the German state of Bavaria. It runs from Nuremberg via Lauf an der Pegnitz, Hersbruck, Pegnitz, Kirchenlaibach, Marktredwitz and Schirnding to Cheb in the Czech Republic. The route is also known as the Right (bank of the) Pegnitz line (German: rechte Pegnitzstrecke) or the Pegnitz Valley Railway (Pegnitztalbahn). It was built as the Fichtel Mountains Railway (Fichtelgebirgsbahn). The Nuremberg–Schnabelwaid section of it is part of the Saxon-Franconian trunk line (Sachsen-Franken-Magistrale).
George Abercromby, 2nd Baron Abercromby
George Abercromby, 2nd Baron Abercromby (14 October 1770 – 15 February 1843) was a Scottish lawyer, politician and peer. The eldest son of Lt.-Gen. Sir Ralph Abercromby and Mary Abercromby, 1st Baroness Abercromby, he became, like his grandfather, a lawyer, and was called to the bar in 1794. On his death in 1843 he was succeeded in the barony by his son.

George Abercromby, 3rd Baron Abercromby
George Ralph Campbell Abercromby, 3rd Baron Abercromby (30 May 1800 – 25 June 1852) was a Scottish soldier, politician and peer. The son of George Abercromby, 2nd Baron Abercromby and Montague Dundas, on his death in 1852 he was succeeded in the barony by his eldest son.
Boulton Paul Atlantic
The Boulton & Paul  P.8 Atlantic was Boulton & Paul's attempt to adapt their well-performing Bourges bomber into an airliner.  They hoped to gain publicity for it by winning the outstanding prize for the first non-stop Atlantic crossing but a first flight accident made them miss their opportunity.  Two were built but none sold as airliners.

Boulton Paul Bourges
The Boulton & Paul P.7 Bourges was a prototype British twin-engined biplane day bomber built by Boulton & Paul to replace the Airco DH.10 Amiens. Despite demonstrating excellent performance and manoeuvrability, only three prototypes were built, post World War I cost cutting leading to the DH.10 not being replaced.
Max Trax
Max Trax was a Canadian pay television audio service that broadcast continuous streaming music on multiple channel feeds. The service was owned by Stingray Digital.

Originally known as Digital Music Express in 1997, the channel later closed in 2009 as Max Trax once assets related to the service were sold to Stingray Digital, owners of a similar service, then known as Galaxie and eventually as Stingray Music.

Stingray Music
Stingray Music is a Canada-based international multi-platform audio service that broadcasts continuous streaming music and other forms of audio on multiple channel feeds. The service is owned by Stingray Group. It was originally founded in 1997 as Galaxie by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation before it was acquired by Stingray in 2011; but adopted its present name in 2014.

While a song is playing on the audio, channel name, artist, song, Stingray's web address and genre-themed clip art are displayed on every music channel.
Connecticut Valley Hospital Cemetery
The Connecticut Valley Hospital Cemetery is a historic cemetery on Silvermine Road in Middletown, Connecticut.  Founded in 1878, it served as the burying ground for patients of the Connecticut General Hospital for the Insane until 1957.  Its design and layout are reflective of institutional cemetery practices of the period, with uniform numbered grave markers in a modestly landscaped setting.  The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Connecticut Valley Hospital
Connecticut Valley Hospital in Middletown, Connecticut, is a public hospital operated by the state of Connecticut to treat people with mental illness.  It was historically known as Connecticut General Hospital for the Insane.  It is a 100-acre (40 ha) historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

The historic district includes late 19th and 20th century revival and late Victorian architecture.  When listed on the National Register, the district included 27 contributing buildings.  Also included were 25 non-contributing buildings.
Disocactus × jenkinsonii
Disocactus × jenkinsonii is a hybrid between Disocactus phyllanthoides and Disocactus speciosus. It is perhaps the most commonly grown orchid cactus and seems to survive and flower under most conditions. It has a very complex taxonomic history and has been mistaken for Disocactus ackermannii for a long time.

Epiphyllum hybrid
Epiphyllum hybrids, epiphyllums, epicacti, or just epis, also known as orchid cacti, which are widely grown for their flowers, are artificial hybrids derived primarily from species of the genus Disocactus. These Disocactus species are not true epiphyllums, but they used to be included in the genus Epiphyllum.
Providence and Springfield Railroad
The Providence and Springfield Railroad was a railroad in the U.S. states of Rhode Island and Massachusetts. It was originally chartered as the Woonasquatucket Railroad in 1857, and renamed to the Providence and Springfield Railroad in 1872. Construction started in 1872, and the line opened between the Olneyville neighborhood of Providence and Pascoag, Rhode Island, in 1873.

The Providence and Springfield was leased by the New York and New England Railroad in 1890. The NY&NE extended the line northward to Douglas, Massachusetts, in 1893. The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad took control of the NY&NE in 1895. The extension north of Pascoag was abandoned in 1937, and the remainder of the line in 1962. Parts of the right of way have been converted into rail-trails.

New York and New England Railroad
The New York and New England Railroad (NY&NE) was a railroad connecting southern New York State with Hartford, Connecticut; Providence, Rhode Island; and Boston, Massachusetts. It operated under that name from 1873 to 1893. Prior to 1873 it was known as the Boston, Hartford and Erie Railroad, which had been formed from several smaller railroads that dated back to 1846. After a bankruptcy in 1893, the NY&NE was reorganized and briefly operated as the New England Railroad before being leased to the competing New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad in 1898.

Today, most of the original New York and New England lines have been abandoned. A segment in Massachusetts is now part of the MBTA's Franklin/Foxboro Line providing commuter rail service to South Station in Boston, and another segment near East Hartford and Manchester, Connecticut, is used for freight service on the Connecticut Southern Railroad. Other portions in Connecticut and Rhode Island have been converted to rail trails.
Freelan Oscar Stanley
Freelan Oscar Stanley (June 1, 1849 – October 2, 1940) was an American inventor, entrepreneur, hotelier, and architect. He made his fortune in the manufacture of photographic plates but is best remembered as the co-founder, with his brother Francis Edgar Stanley,  of the Stanley Motor Carriage Company which built steam-powered automobiles until 1920. He also built and operated the Stanley Hotel in Estes Park, Colorado.

Francis Edgar Stanley
Francis Edgar Stanley (June 1, 1849 – July 31, 1918) was an American businessman and was the co-founder, along with his twin brother Freelan Oscar Stanley, of the Stanley Motor Carriage Company which built the Stanley Steamer.
Amazon Machine Image
An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is a special type of virtual appliance that is used to create a virtual machine within the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2). It serves as the basic unit of deployment for services delivered using EC2.

Virtual appliance
A virtual appliance is a pre-configured virtual machine image, ready to run on a hypervisor; virtual appliances are a subset of the broader class of software appliances. Installation of a software appliance on a virtual machine and packaging that into an image creates a virtual appliance. Like software appliances, virtual appliances are intended to eliminate the installation, configuration and maintenance costs associated with running complex stacks of software.

A virtual appliance is not a complete virtual machine platform, but rather a software image containing a software stack designed to run on a virtual machine platform which may be a Type 1 or Type 2 hypervisor.
Snowbird (character)
Snowbird (Narya) is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by John Byrne, the character first appeared in Uncanny X-Men #120 (April 1979). Snowbird is an Inuk demigoddess, being the daughter of a human and Nelvanna, the Inuk goddess of the Northern Skies. She has been depicted as a member of the Canadian superhero team Alpha Flight.

Alpha Flight
Alpha Flight is a fictional team of Canadian superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The characters premiered in The Uncanny X-Men #120 (April 1979), and were created to serve as part of the X-Men member Wolverine's backstory. Marvel published an Alpha Flight comic book series from 1983 to 1994. The team serves as Marvel's premier Canadian superhero team akin to America's Avengers.
Sample Road
Sample Road, mostly signed as State Road 834 (SR 834),  is a 12.391-mile-long (19.941 km) east–west commuter highway serving northern Broward County, Florida.  It begins at an interchange with the Sawgrass Expressway in Coral Springs and ends at North Federal Highway (US 1) at the city limits boundary between Pompano Beach and Lighthouse Point. Eastbound travelers overshooting the SR 834 terminus find themselves on a 1-mile (1.6 km) 36th Street in Lighthouse Point, which dead-ends at a canal cut for the Intracoastal Waterway.

The westernmost 2.9 miles (4.7 km) of Sample Road are designated, but not signed, as County Road 834.

Florida State Road 869
Florida State Road 869 (SR 869) is a 24-mile-long (39 km) state road located in western and northern Broward County, acting as a de facto bypass of Fort Lauderdale as well as the northern coastal and southern parts of the county extending north from a junction of I-75 (SR 93), I-595 (SR 862) in Sunrise to Coral Springs where it heads eastward towards Florida's Turnpike and intersecting I-95 before terminating at Southwest 10th Avenue in Deerfield Beach. The 21.242-mile (34.186 km) section west of the Turnpike is known as the Sawgrass Expressway, a six-lane (soon to be ten-lane), controlled-access toll road; the 2.745-mile (4.418 km) section east of the Turnpike is a boulevard known as Southwest 10th Street. The expressway opened in 1986 and was added to Florida's Turnpike Enterprise in 1990.  The at-grade section east of the Turnpike is maintained by FDOT.
Duke of la Alcudia
Duke of la Alcudia (Spanish: Duque de la Alcudia) is a title of Spanish nobility, Grandee of Spain 1st class. It was created by King Charles IV of Spain in 1792 for Manuel Godoy, who was the Prime Minister of Spain from 1792 to 1797 and from 1801 to 1808. Its name refers to the Valle de Alcudia in the Province of Ciudad Real in Spain.

It is used as a waiting title by the first-born of the house of Sueca and Chinchón.

Manuel Godoy
Manuel de Godoy y Álvarez de Faria Ríos, 1st Prince of the Peace (12 May 1767 – 4 October 1851) was First Secretary of State of the Kingdom of Spain from 1792 to 1797 and from 1801 to 1808. He was one of the central Spanish political figures during the rise of Napoleon and his invasion of Spain. Godoy came to power at a young age as the favourite of King Charles IV and Queen Maria Luisa, with whom he had a sexual relationship. He has been partly blamed for the Anglo-Spanish War of 1796–1808 that weakened the Spanish Empire. Godoy's unmatched power ended in 1808 with the Tumult of Aranjuez, which forced him into a long exile. He died in Paris in 1851.
Little Warley
Little Warley is a village in the Borough of Brentwood in Essex, England. It is situated south-west of Thorndon Country Park and 2 miles (3 km) south of the centre of Brentwood. It is a dispersed settlement in two main parts, being around Little Warley Common to the north, and along Little Warley Hall Lane to the south. The southern part of the village is now bisected by the modern A127 road.

Little Warley was formerly a civil parish, which was abolished in 1934 when most of its area, including the village, was absorbed into Brentwood. Since 2003 the part of Little Warley village south of the A127 has formed part of the civil parish of West Horndon.

West Horndon
West Horndon is a village and civil parish in the south of the Borough of Brentwood in Essex, England. It is located 20 miles (32 km) east-northeast of Charing Cross in Central London. As well as West Horndon village, the parish also includes East Horndon, the southern part of Little Warley, and surrounding rural areas. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 1,649.

Dunton Hills, at the eastern end of the civil parish, is planned to be the location of a new 3,700 home garden village. A 2,100 home new town development at Tillingham Hall on the southern border of the parish is also planned.
Sutherland Railway
The Sutherland Railway was a railway company authorised in 1865 to build a line from Bonar Bridge station to Brora, a distance of nearly 33 miles, in the north of Scotland. This was to be continuation of a route from Inverness to Bonar Bridge that had been built by the Inverness and Ross-shire Railway; ultimately the line was extended to Thurso.

The Sutherland Railway opened its line as far as Golspie in 1868, but ran out of money at that stage, and never completed its line to Brora. That was later accomplished by the Duke of Sutherland's Railway.

The Sutherland Railway was absorbed into the Highland Railway, to which it was already indebted, in 1884. The line continues in use at the present day, as part of the Far North Line.

Duke of Sutherland's Railway
The Duke of Sutherland's Railway was a railway in Sutherland, Scotland, built by the 3rd Duke of Sutherland.

The Sutherland Railway had opened in 1868, terminating at Golspie railway station. The Duke continued the line to Helmsdale railway station from his own resources. It opened from Dunrobin Castle station to West Helmsdale station in 1870, and for some months the Duke had it operated as a private railway. In 1871 the line was completed from Golspie to Helmsdale, and operated as a part of the Highland Railway.

It was absorbed into the Highland Railway in 1884 and continues in use today as part of the Far North Line.
Krasnoarmeysky constituency (Volgograd Oblast)
The Krasnoarmeysky constituency (No.82) is a Russian legislative constituency in Volgograd Oblast. The constituency covers southern Volgograd as well as southern Volgograd Oblast. After 2025 redistricting Volgograd Oblast is slated to lose one of its four constituencies, so Krasnoarmeysky constituency is going to be dissolved and absorbed by Mikhaylovka constituency.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Andrey Gimbatov, former First Deputy Chairman of the Volgograd City Duma and businessman, who won the open seat, succeeding one-term United Russia incumbent Tatyana Tsybizova.

Mikhaylovka constituency
The Mikhaylovka constituency (No.83) is a Russian legislative constituency in Volgograd Oblast. The constituency covers central Volgograd and rural areas to the north-west of the city.

The constituency has been represented since its creation 1993 (except for 2007–2016) by United Russia deputy Vladimir Plotnikov, former agricultural engineer and Agrarian Party of Russia chairman in 2004–2008. It is one of two State Duma constituencies, alongside Rostov constituency, to be represented by a single deputy for its entire existence since 1993 (although Plotnikov himself was not State Duma member in 2007–2016).
Master of Science in Management
A Master of Science in Management (abbreviated as MS Management or MSM) is a professional degree with a focus on management.

In terms of content, it is similar to the Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree as it contains identical management courses but is open to prospective postgraduate candidates at any level in their career unlike MBA programs that have longer course credit requirements and only accept mid-career professionals. In many cases it is synonymous with the Master of Management (MiM) and is also related to the Master of Science in Commerce (MS-Comm or MS-Com).

Master of Commerce
A Master of Commerce (MCom or M Com) is a postgraduate degree designed to provide knowledge in commerce, accounting, mathematics, economics, and management-related subjects.
Like the undergraduate Bachelor of Commerce, the degree is mainly offered in Commonwealth nations, as well as Spain and several Latin American states.
11th Attack Squadron
The 11th Attack Squadron is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the 432d Wing Air Combat Command at Creech Air Force Base near Indian Springs, Nevada. It flies General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper Unmanned aerial vehicles. In 1995 the 11th became the first Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) squadron in the Air Force.

432nd Wing
The 432nd Wing is a United States Air Force unit assigned to Air Combat Command at Creech Air Force Base near Indian Springs, Nevada. It flies General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper and RQ-170 Sentinel Unmanned aerial vehicles.

The group operates unmanned reconnaissance aircraft which provide real-time reconnaissance, surveillance, and precision attack against fixed and time-critical targets. The 432nd Air Expeditionary Wing is a provisional unit assigned to Air Combat Command and is the designation for components of the 432nd Wing when deployed into combat areas as part of the Global War on Terror.
Meadowview, Virginia
Meadowview (listed as Meadow View by the Census Bureau in 2010) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Virginia, United States. The population was 861 at the 2020 census. down from 967 at the 2010 census.

It is part of the Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol, TN-VA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.

Meadowview and nearby Emory were previously a single Census-designated place listed as Meadowview-Emory, Virginia. For the 2010 census onwards they are listed as two separate.

Emory, Virginia
Emory is a census-designated place (CDP) in Washington County, Virginia, United States. The population was 1,237 at the 2020 census down from 1,251 at the 2010 census. The community is named for and is the location of Emory and Henry College.

It is part of the Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol, TN-VA MSA, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.

The Emory post office was established in 1847.
Harbor Defenses of New Bedford
The Harbor Defenses of New Bedford was a United States Army Coast Artillery Corps harbor defense command. It coordinated the coast defenses of New Bedford, Massachusetts and the nearby Cape Cod Canal from 1900 to 1950, beginning with the Endicott program. These included a coast artillery fort (Fort Rodman, a.k.a. Fort Taber) and an underwater minefield. The command originated circa 1900 as the New Bedford Artillery District, was renamed Coast Defenses of New Bedford in 1913, and again renamed Harbor Defenses of New Bedford in 1925.

Fort Rodman
Fort Taber District or the Fort at Clark's Point is a historic American Civil War-era military fort on Wharf Road within the former Fort Rodman Military Reservation in New Bedford, Massachusetts.  The fort is now part of Fort Taber Park, a 47-acre town park located at Clark's Point. Fort Taber was an earthwork built nearby with city resources and garrisoned 1861-1863 until Fort Rodman was ready for service.