hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
CAT(k) space
In mathematics, a  space, where  is a real number, is a specific type of metric space. Intuitively, triangles in a  space (with ) are "slimmer" than corresponding "model triangles" in a standard space of constant curvature . In a  space, the curvature is bounded from above by . A notable special case is ; complete  spaces are known as "Hadamard spaces" after the French mathematician Jacques Hadamard.

Originally, Aleksandrov called these spaces “ domains”.
The terminology  was coined by Mikhail Gromov in 1987 and is an acronym for Élie Cartan, Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov and Victor Andreevich Toponogov (although Toponogov never explored curvature bounded above in publications).

Élie Cartan
Élie Joseph Cartan ForMemRS (French: [kaʁtɑ̃]; 9 April 1869 – 6 May 1951) was an influential French mathematician who did fundamental work in the theory of Lie groups, differential systems (coordinate-free geometric formulation of PDEs), and differential geometry. He also made significant contributions to general relativity and indirectly to quantum mechanics.   He is widely regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of the twentieth century.

His son Henri Cartan was an influential mathematician working in algebraic topology.
Lord Melody
Lord Melody (1926 – 26 September 1988) was a Trinidadian calypsonian, best known for singles such as "Boo Boo Man", "Creature From The Black Lagoon", "Shame & Scandal", "Jonah and the Bake", "Juanita", and "Rastaman Be Careful". Melody's career spanned forty years, from the beginnings of popular calypso music to his embrace of the more dance oriented Soca style by the late 1970s.

Shame and Scandal in the Family
"Shame and Scandal in the Family", also known as "Shame & Scandal" for short, is a song written by calypso singer Sir Lancelot for the movie I Walked with a Zombie in 1943 and originally titled "Fort Holland Calypso Song". Sir Lancelot issued his recording of it in the late 1940s. The Sir Lancelot version was covered by folksingers Odetta and Burl Ives. In 1962, Trinidadian calypsonian Lord Melody wrote new lyrics for the verses while keeping the melody and the chorus. The Historical Museum of Southern Florida said of Lord Melody's version, “No calypso has been more extensively recorded.”
Evan Osnos
Evan Lionel Richard Osnos (born December 24, 1976) is an American journalist and author. He has been a staff writer at The New Yorker since 2008, best known for his coverage of politics and foreign affairs, in the United States and China, and, since 2016, his coverage of the world's wealthiest individuals. His 2014 book, Age of Ambition: Chasing Fortune, Truth, and Faith in the New China, won the National Book Award for nonfiction.

In October 2020 he published a biography of Joe Biden, entitled Joe Biden: The Life, the Run, and What Matters Now. In September 2021, he published Wildland: The Making of America's Fury, about profound cultural and political changes occurring between September 11, 2001, and January 6, 2021, as evidenced by the turmoil of 2020.

Age of Ambition
Age of Ambition: Chasing Fortune, Truth, and Faith in the New China is a non-fiction book by Evan Osnos, a staff writer at The New Yorker. Age of Ambition chronicles the lives of people that Osnos came to know while he was in China from 2005 to 2013.

Age of Ambition was originally published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux in 2014. The book was awarded the National Book Award for Nonfiction in 2014 and was a finalist for the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction.
Looney Tunes: Space Race
Looney Tunes: Space Race is a 2000 kart-racing video game published by Infogrames for the Dreamcast and developed through Infogrames' own Melbourne House studio. A version of Nintendo 64 was developed, but it was never released. It was ported to PlayStation 2 in 2002 (under the name "Space Race") with a new tournament mode and different soundtrack.

Beam Software
Krome Studios Melbourne, originally Beam Software, was an Australian video game development studio founded in 1980 by Alfred Milgrom and Naomi Besen and based in Melbourne, Australia. Initially formed to produce books and software to be published by Melbourne House, a company they had established in London in 1977, the studio operated independently from 1987 until 1999, when it was acquired by Infogrames, who changed the name to Infogrames Melbourne House Pty Ltd.. In 2006 the studio was sold to Krome Studios.

The name Beam was a contraction of the names of the founders: Naomi Besen and Alfred Milgrom.
The Incident (conspiracy)
The Incident was a Royalist plot to kidnap a group of Scottish nobles. The Incident took place in October 1641 during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, and the plot's targets were all prominent members of the Presbyterian Covenanter faction who opposed Charles I's attempts to control the Scottish Church.

The plot was directed against Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll, James Hamilton, Marquis of Hamilton, and the latter's brother, William Hamilton, Earl of Lanark. The plot was hatched by Argyll's Royalist rival James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, who had already attempted to have Argyll charged with high treason.

The plot failed and Charles, denying any involvement in the matter, was left with no option but to agree to the  Covenanters' demands that he assented to the abolition of episcopacy in Scotland, and appoint Covenanting nobles to the Privy Council of Scotland and other positions.

Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll
Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll (March 1607 – 27 May 1661) was a Scottish nobleman, politician, and peer. The de facto head of Scotland's government during most of the conflict of the 1640s and 1650s known as the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, he was the main leader of the Covenanter movement that fought for the Establishment of Presbyterianism in opposition to the preference of King Charles I and the Caroline Divines for instead establishing both High Church Anglicanism and Bishops. He is often remembered as the principal antagonist to the Royalist general James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose.
Midland RockHounds
The Midland RockHounds are a Minor League Baseball team based in Midland, Texas. The team, which plays in the Texas League, is the Double-A affiliate of the Athletics major league club. The RockHounds play in Momentum Bank Ballpark, which opened in 2002 and seats 4,709 fans. They have won seven Texas League championships: in 1975 (co-champions with the Lafayette Drillers), 2005, 2009, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

Momentum Bank Ballpark
Momentum Bank Ballpark (formerly First American Bank Ballpark, Citibank Ballpark, and Security Bank Ballpark) is a ballpark in Midland, Texas. It is primarily used for baseball, and is the home field of the Double-A Midland RockHounds minor league baseball team of the Texas League. Opened in 2002, the stadium holds 6,669 people with 4,709 fixed seats and the rest in berm seating.
Woodie's
Woodie's is an Irish DIY and home improvement retailing company. Founded in 1987 in Walkinstown, Dublin and opening the first shop in the same year, it is a part of  Grafton Group plc. Woodie's is a nationwide company, having over thirty shops in Ireland. It operationally merged with Atlantic Homecare, the consumer division of Heiton Group that was acquired by Grafton Group in 2005, with all Atlantic Homecare shops eventually being rebranded as Woodie's after Atlantic Homecare entered examinership in 2012.

Grafton Group
Grafton Group plc is a builders merchants business headquartered in Ireland and operating in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange, and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.
Södra Dryckesgränd
Södra Dryckesgränd (Swedish: "Southern Drunkenness Alley") is an alley in Gamla stan, the old town of Stockholm, Sweden.  Connecting Skeppsbron to Järntorgsgatan, it forms a parallel street to Norra Dryckesgränd and Slussplan.

The alley appears in historical records as cartusegrenden (1518), södre Cartuse grennen (1527), chartuser gränden (1625), Södra Drycks gr[änd] (1733), and Dryks-Gränden (1740).  The reason for the present name of the alley is unknown. See Norra Dryckesgränd for further details.

Norra Dryckesgränd
Norra Dryckesgränd (Swedish: Northern Drunkenness Alley) is an alley in Gamla stan, the old town of Stockholm, Sweden.  Connecting Skeppsbron to Järntorgsgatan it forms a parallel street to Södra Bankogränd and Södra Dryckesgränd.
Keerthi Bhat
Keerthi Keshav Bhat, known professionally as Keerthi Bhat, is an Indian actress who primarily works in Kannada and Telugu television. She made her acting debut with Ice Mahal in 2017. Bhat is best known for her portrayal of Bhanu in Manasichi Choodu and Dr. Hima Karthik in Karthika Deepam (Telugu TV series).  In 2022, she appeared in the Telugu reality show Bigg Boss Telugu 6 as a contestant and emerged as the 2nd runner-up.

Bigg Boss (Telugu TV series) season 6
Bigg Boss 6 is a reality show and the sixth season of the Telugu version of the Indian reality television series Bigg Boss based on the Dutch series Big Brother and produced by Endemol Shine India (now merged with Banijay). The show was launched on 4 September 2022 on Star Maa and Disney+ Hotstar.
Tibooburra
Tibooburra (pronounced /ˈtɪbəbʌrə/ or /ˈtɪpəbʌrə/) is a town in the far northwest of New South Wales, Australia, in the Sturt Stony Desert. It is approximately located 1,187 kilometres (738 mi) from the state capital, Sydney.  It is most frequently visited by tourists on their way to Sturt National Park or on the way to or from Innamincka in South Australia and Birdsville in Queensland. At the 2016 census, Tibooburra had a population of 134. 
Although facilities in Tibooburra are quite limited, fuel, meals, and a range of accommodation options are available.  All significant support services (medical, dental, hospital, retail, mechanical, commercial) are based in Broken Hill.

The New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service has a tourist information centre in the township.  There is also a police station.  There is an airstrip about 6 km east of the village. The road from Broken Hill was finally completely sealed in 2020 and officially opened in July 2020.

Sturt National Park
The Sturt National Park is a protected national park that is located in the arid far north-western corner of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 325,329-hectare (803,910-acre) national park is situated approximately 1,060 kilometres (660 mi) northwest of Sydney and the nearest town is Tibooburra, 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) away.

Established in 1972, the park is named in honour of Charles Sturt, a colonial  explorer. The park features typical outback scenery of flat, reddish-brown landscapes. It was resumed from five pastoral properties. The Sturt National Park was featured in British documentary called Planet Earth. The Dingo Fence was built along the national park's northern boundary.
Bill Nyrop
William Donald Nyrop (July 23, 1952 – December 31, 1995) was an American professional ice hockey player. He played 207 games in the National Hockey League with the Montreal Canadiens and Minnesota North Stars from 1976 to 1982. He won the Stanley Cup with the Canadiens three times, in 1976, 1977, and 1978. Internationally Nyrop played for the American national team at the 1976 Canada Cup, where he served as captain.

1977 Stanley Cup Final
The 1977 Stanley Cup Final was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1976–77 season, and the culmination of the 1977 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested between the Boston Bruins and the defending champion Montreal Canadiens. The Bruins were making their first appearance in the final series since their loss in the 1974 Final. The Canadiens would win the best-of-seven series four games to none, to win their second straight Stanley Cup championship, and 20th overall.
Girard Avenue Bridge
The Girard Avenue Bridge is an automobile and trolley bridge in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that carries Girard Avenue (U.S. Route 13) over the Schuylkill River. It connects the east and west sections of Fairmount Park, and the Brewerytown neighborhood with the Philadelphia Zoo. The current bridge is the third built on the site.

Pennsylvania Railroad, Connecting Railway Bridge
Pennsylvania Railroad, Connecting Railway Bridge is a stone arch bridge in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that carries Amtrak Northeast Corridor rail lines and SEPTA and NJT commuter rail lines over the Schuylkill River. It is located in Fairmount Park, just upstream from the Girard Avenue Bridge.

It is also known as Pennsylvania Railroad, New York Division, Bridge No. 69. Other names include Connecting Railway Bridge, Connection Bridge, New York Connecting Bridge, New York Railroad Bridge, and Junction Railroad Bridge.
Kevin Gordon (rugby league)
Kevin Sysu Gordon (born 26 December 1989) is a former Philippines international rugby league footballer. A New South Wales Country and Prime Minister's XIII representative, he played as a winger and fullback for the Gold Coast Titans in the National Rugby League (NRL). He played his entire career with the Titans in the NRL.

Gold Coast Titans
The Gold Coast Titans are a professional rugby league football club, based on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. The club competes in the National Rugby League (NRL) premiership, Australia's elite rugby league competition. Since 2008, the Titans have played their home games at Robina Stadium in Robina. The Titans joined the NRL in 2007.

The Gold Coast Titans were the first national-level franchise from the Gold Coast region since the previous franchise, the Gold Coast-Tweed Giants / Gold Coast Seagulls / Gold Coast Chargers, which existed from 1988 to 1998.
Broadland and Fakenham
Broadland and Fakenham is a Norfolk constituency, which has been represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since the 2019 general election by Jerome Mayhew, a Conservative.

Prior to the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, coming into effect at the 2024 general election, the constituency was known as Broadland.

2023 review of Westminster constituencies
The 2023 review of Westminster constituencies was the most recent cycle of the process to redraw the constituency map for the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The new constituency boundaries were approved by the Privy Council on 15 November 2023 and came into law on 29 November. It is the first review of Westminster boundaries to be successfully implemented since 2010.

These constituencies were first contested at the 2024 general election.
Frederick W. Seward
Frederick William Seward (July 8, 1830 – April 25, 1915) was an American politician and member of the Republican Party who served twice as the Assistant Secretary of State. He served as Assistant Secretary from 1861 to 1869 when his father, William H. Seward, was the Secretary of State under both Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson, and then from 1877 to 1879 in the administration of Rutherford B. Hayes.

Augustus Henry Seward
Augustus Henry Seward (October 1, 1826 – September 11, 1876) was the son of William H. Seward and Frances Adeline Seward.  He was a career officer in the United States Army, and attained the rank of brevet Colonel.
Gamla Stan
Gamla Stan (Swedish: [ˈɡâmːla ˈstɑːn], "The Old Town"), until 1980 officially Staden mellan broarna ("The Town between the Bridges"), is the old town of Stockholm, Sweden. Gamla Stan consists primarily of the island Stadsholmen. Gamla Stan includes the surrounding islets Riddarholmen, Helgeandsholmen and Strömsborg. It has a population of approximately 3,000.

Gamla Stan has played a prominent role in the history of Swedish architecture, with many of Sweden's most renowned architects shaping the area; these include figures such as Nicodemus Tessin and Carl Hårleman, who worked on the Stockholm Palace, still located in the area.

Other notable buildings in the old town include Tessin Palace, the Stockholm Stock Exchange Building, Bonde Palace (seat of the Swedish Supreme Court) and the House of Nobility; the last of these buildings hosted the parliament for many years.

Strömsborg
Strömsborg (Swedish for 'Stream's castle') is a small islet in central Stockholm, Sweden, located north of Stadsholmen, and west of Helgeandsholmen, between the bridges Centralbron, a motorway passing through central Stockholm, and Vasabron. Administratively, Strömsborg is part of Gamla Stan, the old town of Stockholm and is connected to the rest of the city by the bridge Strömsborgsbron leading over to Vasabron.
Michael Brown (rock musician)
Michael Brown (born Michael David Lookofsky, April 25, 1949 – March 19, 2015) was an American keyboardist and songwriter, most notable for his work with the Left Banke. He was born in Brooklyn, New York, the son of violinist and arranger Harry Lookofsky.

The Left Banke
The Left Banke was an American baroque pop band, formed in New York City in 1965. They are best remembered for their two U.S. hit singles, "Walk Away Renée" and "Pretty Ballerina". The band often used what the music press referred to as "baroque" string arrangements, which led to their music being variously termed as "Bach-rock", "baroque rock" or "baroque pop". The band's vocal harmonies borrowed from contemporaries such as the Beatles, the Zombies and other British Invasion groups.

In 2004, Rolling Stone placed "Walk Away Renée" at number 220 in its list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time".
Pafawag
Pafawag (Państwowa Fabryka Wagonów) (English: National Rail Carriage Factory) is a Polish locomotive manufacturer based in Wrocław. The company became part of Adtranz in 1997 as Adtranz Pafawag, and in 2001 part of Bombardier Transportation.

Adtranz
Adtranz was a multi-national rail transportation equipment manufacturer with facilities concentrated in Europe and the US. The company, legally known as ABB Daimler-Benz Transportation, was created in 1996 as a joint venture between ABB and Daimler-Benz to combine their rail equipment manufacturing operations. In 1999, DaimlerChrysler (successor to Daimler-Benz) bought ABB's shares and changed the company's official name to DaimlerChrysler Rail Systems. The company was acquired by Bombardier in 2001, which merged it into its Bombardier Transportation division, which became the largest rail equipment manufacturer in the world at the time, and was ultimately acquired by Alstom in 2021.

Adtranz manufactured locomotives, high-speed, regional, metro and underground passenger trains, trams and people movers as well as freight wagons. Non-rolling stock businesses included railway electrification and signalling infrastructure.
Coat of arms of Croatia
The coat of arms of the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Grb Republike Hrvatske) consists of one main shield and five smaller shields which form a crown over the main shield. The main coat of arms is a checkerboard that consists of 13 red and 12 white fields (called in blazon Chequy of twenty-five gules and argent). It is also informally known in Croatian as šahovnica ("chessboard", from šah, "chess"). The five smaller shields represent five different historical regions within Croatia. The checkerboard as a heraldic symbol of Croatia was introduced in the late 15th century, and officially since 1527 election in Cetin, replacing the original coat of arms of the Kingdom of Croatia and Dalmatia.

1527 election in Cetin
The 1527 election in Cetin (Croatian: Cetinski / Cetingradski sabor, meaning Parliament on Cetin(grad) or Parliament of Cetin(grad), or Cetinski / Cetingradski izbor) was an assembly of the Croatian Parliament (Sabor) in the Cetin Castle in 1527. It followed a succession crisis in the Kingdom of Hungary caused by the death of Louis II, and which resulted in the Kingdom of Croatia joining the Habsburg monarchy. The charter electing the Habsburg Archduke of Austria Ferdinand I as King of Croatia was confirmed with the seals of six Croatian nobles.
Barnstead, New Hampshire
Barnstead is a town in Belknap County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,915 at the 2020 census, up from 4,593 at the 2010 census. Home to the Suncook Lakes, Barnstead includes the villages of Center Barnstead, Barnstead Parade (identified as "Barnstead" on topographic maps) and South Barnstead.

Center Barnstead, New Hampshire
Center Barnstead is an unincorporated community in the town of Barnstead in Belknap County, New Hampshire, United States.  It is the largest of several villages in the town.

New Hampshire Route 28 bypasses the village to the northwest, connecting Pittsfield to the southwest and Alton to the northeast. New Hampshire Route 126 begins at Route 28 and passes through the village before continuing southeast towards Strafford and Barrington.  The village is located along the Suncook River and was a station along the former Suncook Valley Railroad. Center Barnstead has a separate ZIP code (03225) from the rest of the town of Barnstead.
Goripalayam
Goripalayam is a 2010 Indian Tamil-language action drama film written and directed by Rasu Madhuravan and produced by S. Michael Rayappan. The film features an ensemble cast of Vikranth, Harish, Ramakrishnan, Raghuvannan, Prakash, K. P. Jagannath, Poongodi, and Swasika. The music was composed by Sabesh-Murali with cinematography by Bala Bharani. The film released on 7 May 2010.

Sabesh–Murali
Sabesh–Murali was an Indian music director duo, who have jointly composed for many Tamil films in Chennai, India. Sabesh and Murali are siblings who began their careers working under their brother, the music director Deva, as assistant composers. They composed famous albums such as Pokkisham and Milaga. The duo are also, rarely, playback singers. They composed for the Tamil films Imsai Arasan 23am Pulikesi and Goripalayam.

They also notably composed the theme that appears during the title card of Rajinikanth's Annaamalai (1992) amongst other films. Sabesh died on 23 October 2025 at the age of 68.
What Can I Do (The Corrs song)
"What Can I Do" is a song by Irish band the Corrs, from their second and breakthrough album, Talk on Corners (1997). The song was originally released in January 1998, but its moderate charting success was limited, due to the time of the shooting of the video. The song was later re-released in August the same year in remixed form by Tin Tin Out, which generated more attention, reaching number three in the United Kingdom. The song received generally favorable reviews from music critics, though some felt it was not as strong as their previous songs. An accompanying music video was released, which was shot in New Zealand during their world tour.

Talk on Corners World Tour
The Talk on Corners Tour was the second concert tour by Irish folk-rock band The Corrs (siblings Andrea, Corr, Jim and Sharon), launched in support of the band's sophomore studio album of the same name (1997). To date, it was the band's most extensive and longest-running tour, with over 150 dates performed across Eurasia, North America and Oceania.

The world tour began modestly, primarily performing in theatres, concert halls and clubs as the band's notoriety increased; by the tour's conclusion, The Corrs had progressed to filling indoor arenas and amphitheatres, and even some outdoor stadiums; their homecoming concert on 17 July 1999 at Dublin's Lansdowne Road accommodated roughly 40,000 people. Additionally, the band headlined an array of international music festivals and other events throughout 1997–1999, and opened for the Rolling Stones on several dates in the US and Europe during their No Security Tour.