hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Aske (merchant)
Robert Aske (24 February 1619 – 27 January 1689) was a 17th-century English philanthropist, merchant and haberdasher, who served as an Alderman of London.

Aske is remembered primarily for the charitable foundation he endowed nowadays operating two 
leading schools at Elstree, Haberdashers' Boys' School and Haberdashers' School for Girls and the non-fee paying Haberdashers' Aske's Hatcham School at New Cross, as well as others in the London area.

Haberdashers' Boys' School
Haberdashersʼ Boysʼ School (formerly Haberdashersʼ Askeʼs Boysʼ School) is a 4–18 boys public school in Elstree, Hertfordshire, England. It is a member of the Headmastersʼ and Headmistressesʼ Conference.

The school was founded in 1690 by a Royal Charter granted to the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers to establish a hospital for 20 boarders with £32,000 from the legacy of Robert Aske (equivalent to approximately £5m in 2019).

The school relocated from its original site in Hoxton in 1874, eventually (1961) moving to 104 acres of green belt countryside in Elstree. The house names in the preparatory and pre–preparatory schools represent the patron saints of the four countries of the United Kingdom –  England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

It sits on the same site as the Haberdashers' Girls' School.
Hutsuls
The Hutsuls (Hutsul/Ukrainian: гуцули, romanized: hutsuly; Polish: Huculi, Hucułowie; Romanian: huțuli) are an East Slavic ethnic group spanning parts of western Ukraine and northern Romania (i.e. parts of Bukovina and Maramureș).

In Ukraine, they have often been officially and administratively designated a subgroup of Ukrainians, and, among Ukrainian scholars, are largely regarded as constituting part of the broader Ukrainian ethnicity. However, in the eyes of some scholars and of some Hutsuls, they are either their own nation, or a part of the Rusyn nation, alongside the closely related ethnic groups of Boykos and Lemkos.

Maramureș
Maramureș (Romanian: Maramureș pronounced [maraˈmureʃ] ⓘ; Rusyn: Мараморош; Ukrainian: Мармарощина, romanized: Marmaroshchyna; Hungarian: Máramaros [ˈmaːrɒmɒroʃ]) is a geographical, historical and cultural region in northern Romania and western Ukraine. It is situated in the northeastern Carpathians, along parts of the upper Tisza River drainage basin; it covers the Maramureș Depression and the surrounding Carpathian mountains.

Alternatively, the term Maramureș is also used for the Maramureș County of Romania, which contains the southern section of the historical region.
Opel Rekord
The Opel Rekord is a large family car which was built in eight generations by the German car manufacturer Opel. Between 1953 and 1986, approximately ten million were sold.

The Series D and E Rekords also spawned derivative versions manufactured by Opel's British sister company Vauxhall and in the case of the Rekord E, GM's Australian arm Holden. In 1986, the Rekord nameplate was replaced by the Opel Omega.

Opel Omega
The Opel Omega is an executive car engineered and manufactured by German automaker Opel between 1986 and 2003. The first generation, the Omega A (1986–1994), superseded the Opel Rekord. It was voted European Car of the Year for 1987, and was available as a saloon or estate. The second generation, the Omega B, was manufactured from 1994 to 2003.

Rebadged variants of the Omega were marketed worldwide, including in North America as the Cadillac Catera, in Great Britain as the Vauxhall Omega, and South America as the Chevrolet Omega. As with the Rekord which preceded it, re-engineered versions of the Omega were manufactured in Australia from 1988 as the Holden Commodore (and its derivatives) since 1999. Commodore-based cars were in turn exported to South America as the Chevrolet Omega and to the Middle East as the Chevrolet Lumina.

Production of the Omega was discontinued in 2003. It was succeeded by the Opel Signum.
Multiplier (linguistics)
In linguistics, more precisely in traditional grammar, a multiplier is a word that counts how many times its object should be multiplied, such as single or double. They are contrasted with distributive numbers. In English, this part of speech is relatively marginal, and less recognized than cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers.

Cardinal numeral
In linguistics, and more precisely in traditional grammar, a cardinal numeral (or cardinal number word) is a part of speech used to count.

Examples in English are the words one, two, three, and the compounds three hundred [and] forty-two and nine hundred [and] sixty. Cardinal numerals are classified as definite, and are related to ordinal numbers, such as the English first, second, third, etc.
MORE Electric and Power Corporation
MORE Electric and Power Corporation, also known as MORE Power, is an electric power distribution company in the Philippines. It has served Iloilo City since 2020, following its takeover of the private firm Panay Electric Company (PECO) as the city’s sole power distributor. It also serves parts of the municipality of Pavia, Iloilo.

The name "MORE" is an acronym for Monte Oro Resources & Energy, Inc., a subsidiary of Prime Strategic Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as Prime Metroline Holdings, Inc.) of the Spanish-Filipino billionaire Enrique Razon.

Panay Electric Company
Panay Electric Company, Inc., also known as Panay Electric or simply PECO, is an electric power distribution company in the Philippines. It served the City of Iloilo from 1923 until 2020, when its franchise service expired and MORE Electric and Power Corporation (MORE Power) took over.

Although PECO is no longer the main power distributor for Iloilo City, the company continue to provide a variety of services, including meter management, electrical infrastructure maintenance, and safety-related services.
Prasun Banerjee
Prasun Banerjee is an Indian former professional footballer and politician who is serving as an MP in the Lok Sabha from Howrah. He is an Arjuna Award winner (1979). Younger brother of the Pradip Kumar Banerjee, Prasun had also captained the India national football team in international tournaments.

P. K. Banerjee
Pradip Kumar Banerjee FIFAOM (Bengali: প্রদীপ কুমার ব্যানার্জি; 23 June 1936 – 20 March 2020) was an Indian professional footballer who played as a striker for the India national football team. He also captained the national team and later on became the coach of the national team. He represented India in 52 official matches and scored 16 official goals for the country. He was one of the first recipients of Arjuna Award, when the awards were instituted in 1961. He was awarded the prestigious Padma Shri in 1990 and was named Indian Footballer of the 20th century by IFFHS. In 2004, he was awarded the FIFA Order of Merit, the highest honour awarded by FIFA.

Banerjee died on 20 March 2020 at 12:40 p.m. after suffering from age-related issues, having been on life support at a Kolkata hospital since 2 March. He also had an underlying history of Parkinson's disease, dementia and heart problems.
Jorge Pedreros
Jorge Arnaldo Pedreros Avilés (8 August 1942 – 14 September 2013) was a Chilean musician, record producer, actor, and comedian. He was one of the creators of the iconic comedy show Jappening con Ja alongside Eduardo Ravani and Fernando Alarcón.

Eduardo Ravani
Pío Eduardo Apolo Ravani Vergara (25 October 1941 – 20 March 2023), better known as Eduardo Ravani, was a Chilean journalist, actor, comedian, television director, and businessman. He was one of the creators, producers, and members of the television show Jappening con Ja.
2023 FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup
The 2023 FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup was the fourth edition of the FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup, an annual men's international volleyball tournament contested by eight national teams that acts as a qualifier for the FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League. The tournament was held at Aspire Ladies Sports Hall in Doha, Qatar, between 28 and 30 July 2023.

Four teams made their first appearance in the men's Challenger Cup in this edition: China, the Dominican Republic, Thailand and Ukraine.

Turkey won the title, defeating host Qatar in the final, and earned the right to participate in 2024 Nations League replacing China, the last placed challenger team in the 2023 edition. Ukraine defeated Chile in the 3rd place match.

2023 FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League
The 2023 FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League was the fifth edition of the FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League, an annual men's international volleyball tournament. The competition was held from 6 June to 23 July 2023, with the final round taking place at the Ergo Arena, Gdańsk, Poland.

Following the results of 2022 Nations League and 2022 Challenger Cup, Australia were replaced by debutants Cuba in this edition.

Finals host and home team Poland won their first VNL title after defeating the United States in four sets. It was the United States' third silver medal. Japan defeated Italy in a tie-breaker match and claimed the bronze medal. Paweł Zatorski from Poland was named the MVP of the tournament.
Coat of arms of Panama
The Panamanian coat of arms is a heraldic symbol for Panama. These arms were adopted provisionally and then definitively by the same laws that adopted the Panamanian flag.

The harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja), the Panamanian national bird, is the species of eagle on this coat of arms.

Flag of Panama
The national flag of Panama was made by María de la Ossa de Amador and was officially adopted by the "ley 48 de 1925". The Panamanian flag day is celebrated on November 4, one day after the Panamanian separation from Colombia, and is one of a series of holidays celebrated in November known as the Fiestas Patrias.

The first flag proposed in 1903 consisted of thirteen horizontal stripes of alternating red and yellow, with a blue canton containing two golden suns, joined by a narrow line to depict North and South America joined by the Isthmus of Panama (see the depiction below). However, this was not accepted by the Panamanian leader, Manuel Amador Guerrero, whose family designed a new flag.

The stars and quarters are said to stand for the rival political parties, and the white is said to stand for the peace in which they operate. Blue was the color of the Conservatives and red was the color of the Liberals.
Mir-i Buzurg
Qavam al-Din ibn Abdallah al-Marashi (Persian: قوام‌الدین بن عبدالله مرعشی), better known as Mir Buzurg or Mir Bozorg (Persian: میربزرگ, Mīr-e Bozorg, lit. "The great Mir"), was the founder of the Marashi dynasty, ruling from 1359 to 1362.

Mar'ashis
The Mar'ashis (Mazandarani: مرعشیون; Persian: مرعشیان Mar'ašiyān) or the Mar'ashi dynasty were an Iranian Sayyid Twelver Shiʿite dynasty of Mazandarani origin, ruling in Mazandaran from 1359 to 1596. The dynasty was founded by Mir-i Buzurg, a Sayyid native to Dabudasht. Their capitals were Amol, Sari, and Vatashan.
Das Nusch-Nuschi
Das Nusch-Nuschi (The Nusch-Nuschi), Op. 20, is an opera in one act by Paul Hindemith, with a German libretto by Franz Blei.

Subtitled A Play for Burmese Marionettes in One Act (Ein Spiel für burmanische Marionetten in einem Akt), it is a staged work with both singers and dancers. It is the second work in a triptych of expressionist one-act operas, the others being Mörder, Hoffnung der Frauen and Sancta Susanna. They are the first operas written by Hindemith. The first two were premiered together at the Württembergisches Landestheater in Stuttgart on 4 June 1921; all three were performed at the Oper Frankfurt in 1922.

Mörder, Hoffnung der Frauen
Mörder, Hoffnung der Frauen (Murderer, Hope of Women) is an opera in one act by Paul Hindemith, written in 1919 on a German libretto by Oskar Kokoschka which he based on his play of 1907. The opera was the first in a triptych of expressionist one-act operas, the others being Das Nusch-Nuschi, and Sancta Susanna. They were the first operas written by Hindemith. The first two were premiered together in Stuttgart on 4 June 1921, all three were performed at the Oper Frankfurt in 1922.
Karimata Strait
The Karimata Strait (alternatively,  Carimata or Caramata; Indonesian: Selat Karimata) is a wide strait that connects the South China Sea to the Java Sea, separating the Indonesian islands of Belitung to the west and Borneo (Kalimantan) to the east. It is the widest strait between the South China Sea and the Java Sea (other straits include the Bangka and Gaspar straits), but its numerous islands and reefs reduce its navigability. Its weather and current is influenced by the annual southeast and northwest monsoon.

It was used as an invasion route by the British fleet in the 1811 Invasion of Java in the Dutch East Indies. More recently, it was the site of the crash of Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501, and the location of the 2016 edition of Sail Indonesia (dubbed "Sail Karimata Strait").

Java Sea
The Java Sea (Indonesian: Laut Jawa, Javanese: Segara Jawa) is an extensive shallow sea in Indonesia. It lies on the Sunda Shelf, between the islands of Borneo to the north, Java to the south, Sumatra to the west, and Sulawesi to the east. The Karimata Strait to its northwest links it to the South China Sea. Although generally considered to be a part of the western Pacific Ocean, the Java Sea is occasionally considered to be a part of the Indian Ocean.
2020 GT World Challenge Europe
The 2020 GT World Challenge Europe Powered by AWS was the seventh season of the GT World Challenge Europe and the first after title sponsor Blancpain withdrew sponsorship. The season began on 25 July at Imola and ended on 15 November at Circuit Paul Ricard.

This season featured eight rounds: four Endurance Cup rounds and four Sprint Cup rounds.

2020 GT World Challenge Europe Sprint Cup
The 2020 GT World Challenge Europe Sprint Cup was the eighth season of the GT World Challenge Europe Sprint Cup following on from the demise of the SRO Motorsports Group's FIA GT1 World Championship (an auto racing series for grand tourer cars), the first after title sponsor Blancpain withdrew sponsorship. The season began on 9 August at Misano World Circuit and finished on 11 October at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya. This season the GT Sports Club Europe was brought into the GT World Challenge Europe, meaning the Bronze-focused GT3 and GT2 series shared grids with the headlining series.
Michael Ryan (hurler, born 1955)
Michael Ryan (born 9 August 1955) is an Irish former hurler and Gaelic footballer who played in various positions for The Nire–Fourmilewater club teams.

In retirement from playing Ryan became involved in team management. As manager and selector of the Waterford, Laois and Dublin inter-county teams he has won seven All-Ireland. With the Ballymacarbry ladies' football team Ryan won multiple All-Ireland club titles, while he also gained a wealth of experience training various club teams in hurling.

Ryan was the manager of the Waterford senior hurling team for the 2012 and 2013 seasons and took over as Westmeath senior hurling team manager in October 2014.

Westmeath county hurling team
The Westmeath county hurling team represents Westmeath in hurling and is governed by Westmeath GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the Joe McDonagh Cup and the National Hurling League.

Westmeath's home ground is Cusack Park, Mullingar. The team's manager is vacant.

The team has never won the Leinster Senior Championship, the All-Ireland Senior Championship or the National League.

The team is nicknamed the Lake men.
Pentoxifylline
Pentoxifylline, also known as oxpentifylline, is a xanthine derivative used as a drug to treat muscle pain in people with peripheral artery disease. It was approved for medical use in 1984 and is available as generic and sold under many brand names worldwide like Trental.

Xanthine
Xanthine (/ˈzænθiːn/ or /ˈzænθaɪn/, from Ancient Greek ξανθός xanthós 'yellow' for its yellowish-white appearance; archaically xanthic acid; systematic name 3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione) is a purine base found in most human body tissues and fluids, as well as in other organisms. Several stimulants are derived from xanthine, including caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine.

Xanthine is a product on the pathway of purine degradation.

It is created from guanine by guanine deaminase.

It is created from hypoxanthine by xanthine oxidoreductase.

It is also created from xanthosine by purine nucleoside phosphorylase.

Xanthine is subsequently converted to uric acid by the action of the xanthine oxidase enzyme.
Killing form
In mathematics, the Killing form, named after Wilhelm Killing, is a symmetric bilinear form that plays a basic role in the theories of Lie groups and Lie algebras. Cartan's criteria (criterion of solvability and criterion of semisimplicity) show that Killing form has a close relationship to the semisimplicity of the Lie algebras.

Cartan's criterion
In mathematics, Cartan's criterion gives conditions for a Lie algebra in characteristic 0 to be  solvable, which implies a related criterion for the Lie algebra to be semisimple. It is based on the notion of the Killing form, a symmetric bilinear form on  defined by the formula

where tr denotes the trace of a linear operator. The criterion was introduced by Élie Cartan (1894).
George W. Julian
George Washington Julian (May 5, 1817 – July 7, 1899) was a politician, lawyer, and writer from Indiana who served in the United States House of Representatives during the 19th century. A leading opponent of slavery, Julian was the Free Soil Party's candidate for vice president in the 1852 election and was a prominent Radical Republican during the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era.

In 1885, President Grover Cleveland appointed him surveyor general of the New Mexico Territory. Julian was the son-in-law of Ohio politician Joshua Reed Giddings and the father of Grace Julian Clarke, a women's suffrage advocate.

Joshua Reed Giddings
Joshua Reed Giddings (October 6, 1795 – May 27, 1864) was an American attorney, politician and abolitionist. He represented Northeast Ohio in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1838 to 1859. He was at first a member of the Whig Party and was later a Republican, helping found the party.

Giddings is noted as a leading abolitionist of his era. He was censured in 1842 for violating the gag rule against discussing slavery in the House of Representatives when he proposed a number of Resolutions against federal support for the coastwise slave trade, in relation to the Creole case. He quickly resigned, but was overwhelmingly re-elected by his Ohio constituents in a special election to fill the vacant seat. He returned to the House and served a total of nearly twenty more years as representative.

Giddings is one of the main reasons that the Western Reserve was, before the Civil War, one of the most anti-slavery regions of the country.
Carnival Vista
Carnival Vista is a cruise ship operated by Carnival Cruise Line. She is the lead ship of her namesake class, which includes two additional Carnival ships, Carnival Horizon and Carnival Panorama, as well as two Costa ships, Costa Venezia and Costa Firenze.

Carnival Horizon
Carnival Horizon is a Vista-class cruise ship operated by Carnival Cruise Line. She is the 26th vessel in the Carnival fleet and is the second of Carnival's Vista class, which includes Carnival Vista and Carnival Panorama.

The ship has a tonnage of 133,596 GT and a capacity of 3,960 passengers. In 2019, she and her sister ship, Carnival Vista, were both superseded as the largest Carnival ship by their sister, the 133,868 GT Carnival Panorama.
Ningo Prampram District
Ningo Prampram District is one of the twenty-nine districts in Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Dangme West District in 1988, which was created from the former Dangme District Council, until the southern part of the district was split off to create Ningo-Prampram District on 28 June 2012; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Shai-Osudoku District. The district assembly is located in the eastern part of Greater Accra Region and has Prampram as its capital town.

In November 2024, the Ningo Prampram District was elevated from district status to a municipal assembly, the Ningo Prampram Municipal Assembly.

Shai Osudoku District
Shai Osudoku District is one of the twenty-nine districts in Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Dangme West District in 1988, which was created from the former Dangme District Council, until the southern part of the district was split off to create Ningo-Prampram District on 28 June 2012; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Shai-Osudoku District. The Shai Osudoku District Assembly is located in the eastern part of Greater Accra Region and has Dodowa as its capital town, which is about 39 km from the regional capital, Accra.
Group 11 Rugby League
Group 11 was a rugby league competition in the surrounding areas of Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia. The competition is played in four grades, these being First-Grade, Reserve-Grade, Under 19s and Ladies League Tag.

Ahead of the 2022 season, the Group 10 and Group 11 competitions merged to form the Western Premiership.

Western Premiership (rugby league)
The Western Premiership (also known as the Peter McDonald Premiership due to the name of its First Grade competition) is a New South Wales, Australia rugby league competition. The competition commenced in 2022 and incorporates the former Group 10 and Group 11 competitions.

The competition is named in honour of the late Peter 'Ace' McDonald, a long-time Cowra Magpies, Group 10, Western Division and Country Rugby League administrator, and is played in four grades, these being First-Grade, Reserve-Grade, Under 18s and Ladies League Tag.
K-4 (Kansas highway)
K-4 is the longest designated state highway in Kansas, at 369.079 miles (593.975 km). It begins north of Scott City at U.S. Route 83 (US-83) and travels eastward to US-59 near Nortonville in northeast Kansas. A segment of the highway in Saline County overlaps Interstate 135 (I-135) and US-81, and a section in Topeka runs concurrent with I-70. It also intersects several other major highways, including US-283 in Ransom, US-183 in La Crosse, US-281 in Hoisington, US-77 in Herington, I-470 and US-75 in Topeka, and US-24 northeast of Topeka.

K-4 was first designated by KDOT in 1927, and at that time ran from K-1 (now U.S. Route 183) in La Crosse eastward to the Missouri state line by Atchison. By 1932, the highway was extended westward along the former alignment of K-52 to its current western terminus. Then in December 1994, K-4 was truncated to US-59 in Nortonville.

U.S. Route 59 in Kansas
U.S. Route 59 (US-59) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that runs from the Mexico–US border in Laredo, Texas, as a continuation of Mexican Federal Highway 85D north to the Lancaster–Tolstoi Border Crossing on the Canada–US border, where it continues as Manitoba Highway 59. In the U.S. state of Kansas, US-59 is a main north–south highway that travels from Chetopa to Atchison.
Daniele De Luca
Daniele De Luca (born 10 April 1963), also known as Dede De Luca, is an Italian sailor, sailmaker, and business executive from Verona, Italy. He represented Italy at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia as crew member in the Soling class. Racing alongside helmsman Nicola Celon and fellow crew member Michele Paoletti.

He has also competed in two editions of the America’s Cup, first as a trimmer for the Italian syndicate Italia at the 1987 America’s Cup in Fremantle, Australia. He later returned to the event as trimmer and sail coordinator of the Mascalzone Latino team during the 2007 America's Cup in Valencia, Spain.

De Luca is the founder and CEO of OneSails International and co-founder of the 69F Class.

Nicola Celon
Nicola Celon (born: 8 February 1964 Verona) is a sailor from Italy, who represented his country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia as helmsman in the Soling. With crew members Daniele De Luca and Michele Paoletti they took the 14th place.