hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Máel Ruain
Máel Ruain (died 792) was founder and abbot-bishop of the monastery of Tallaght (County Dublin, Ireland). He is often considered to be a leading figure of the monastic 'movement' that has become known to scholarship as the Céli Dé. He is not to be confused with the later namesake Máel Ruain, bishop of Lusca (County Dublin).

Óengus of Tallaght
Óengus mac Óengobann, better known as Saint Óengus of Tallaght or Óengus the Culdee, was an Irish bishop, reformer and writer, who flourished in the first quarter of the 9th century and is held to be the author of the Félire Óengusso ("Martyrology of Óengus") and possibly the Martyrology of Tallaght.

Little of Óengus's life and career is reliably attested. The most important sources include internal evidence from the Félire, a later Middle Irish preface to that work, a biographic poem beginning Aíbind suide sund amne ("Delightful to sit here thus") and the entry for his feast-day inserted into the Martyrology of Tallaght.
Kaitangata, New Zealand
Kaitangata is a town near the coast of South Otago, New Zealand, on the left bank of the Matau Branch of the Clutha River ten kilometres south east of Balclutha. The town is known to its residents as Kai.

In June 2016, the town gained international attention when new low cost housing was offered there, and local mayor of Clutha District, Bryan Cadogan, estimated there were 100-1000 job vacancies in the region; the news was carried by The Guardian and TVNZ's Seven Sharp.

Clutha District
Clutha District is a local government district of southern New Zealand, with its headquarters in the Otago town of Balclutha. Clutha District has a land area of 6,334.47 km2 (2,445.75 sq mi) and an estimated population of 18,700 as of June 2024. Clutha District occupies the majority of the geographical area known as South Otago.
Komsomolskaya Pravda
Komsomolskaya Pravda (Russian: Комсомольская правда; lit. 'Komsomol Truth') is a daily Russian tabloid newspaper that was founded in 1925. Its name is in reference to the official Soviet newspaper Pravda (English: 'Truth').

Komsomol
The All-Union Leninist Young Communist League, usually known as Komsomol, was a political youth organization in the Soviet Union. It is sometimes described as the youth division of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), although it was officially independent and referred to as "the helper and the reserve of the CPSU".

The Komsomol in its earliest form was established in urban areas in 1918. During the early years, it was a Russian organization, known as the Russian Young Communist League, or RKSM. During 1922, with the unification of the USSR, it was reformed into an all-union agency, the youth division of the All-Union Communist Party.

It was the final stage of three youth organizations with members up to age 28, graduated at 14 from the Young Pioneers, and at nine from the Little Octobrists.
Slow-scan television
Slow-scan television (SSTV) is a picture transmission method, used mainly by amateur radio operators, to transmit and receive static pictures via radio in monochrome or color.

A literal term for SSTV is narrowband television. Analog broadcast television requires at least 6 MHz wide channels, because it transmits 25 or 30 picture frames per second (see ITU analog broadcast standards), but SSTV usually only takes up to a maximum of 3 kHz of bandwidth. It is a much slower method of still picture transmission, usually taking from about eight seconds to a couple of minutes, depending on the mode used, to transmit one image frame.

Since SSTV systems operate on voice frequencies, amateurs use it on shortwave (also known as HF by amateur radio operators), VHF and UHF radio.

Narrow-bandwidth television
Narrow-bandwidth television (NBTV) is a type of television designed to fit into a channel narrower than the standard bandwidth used for official television standards.

The three predominant worldwide broadcast television standards use either 6 MHz wide channels (as in the Americas and Japan, as ATSC and ISDB-T both use those standards) or 8 MHz (as in most of Europe with DVB-T). Narrow-bandwidth television refers to any method that reduces the bandwidth below that threshold. (These techniques are frequently used in traditional television to allow for multiple digital subchannels on the same bandwidth, but this is not true narrow-bandwidth as the standards do not allow for it, and the extra bandwidth in these cases is usually transferred to another channel.)
Kai Diekmann
Kai Diekmann (born 27 June 1964 in Ravensburg) is a German businessman and former journalist. From 1998 until 2000 he was editor of Welt am Sonntag (English: World on Sunday). From January 2001 to December 2015 he was chief editor of Bild. He is also a member of the executive board of the Turkish daily Hürriyet.

Bild
Bild (German: [bɪlt] ⓘ, lit. 'Picture') or Bild-Zeitung (German: [ˈbɪltˌtsaɪtʊŋ] ⓘ, lit. 'Picture Newspaper') is a German tabloid newspaper published by Axel Springer SE. The paper is published from Monday to Saturday; on Sundays, its sister paper Bild am Sonntag (lit. 'Bild on Sunday') is published instead, which has a different style and its own editors. Bild is tabloid in style but broadsheet in size. It is the best-selling European newspaper and has the sixteenth-largest circulation worldwide. Bild has been described as "notorious for its mix of gossip, inflammatory language, and sensationalism" and as having a huge influence on German politicians.

Its nearest English-language stylistic and journalistic equivalent is often considered to be the British national newspaper The Sun, the second-highest-selling European tabloid newspaper.

Like the rest of the Axel Springer properties, Bild follows an editorial line in favor of liberal democracy, Israel, NATO and capitalism.
Ulf Ekman
Ulf Ekman (born 8 December 1950) is a former charismatic pastor and the founder of the Livets Ord (Word of Life) organization in Sweden, which brought the Word of Faith movement to that country. Ekman is now a  Catholic. Ekman is married to Birgitta Ekman and has four sons: Aron, Jonathan Ekman, Samuel, and Benjamin.

Word of Life (Sweden)
Word of Life (Swedish: Livets Ord) is a megachurch  in Uppsala and an international association of churches, within the Swedish Word of Faith movement. Livets Ord is the foremost example of the Neo-charismatic movement in Sweden, closely related to Word of Faith, and it may be viewed as a Swedish expression of similar Pentecostal elements in American Christianity.
Johfiyeh
Johfiyeh (Arabic: جُحفية) also spelled Johfiyah, Juhfiyah or Juhfiyeh, is a historical village in northern Jordan, located 80 kilometers north of the capital Amman and about 7.5 km southwest of the city Irbid. It had a population of 4251 and the most populated family is Talafha.

At the northern edge of the modern village is the archaeological site of Tell Johfiyeh with several more related sites, showing two main phases of settlement: Iron Age II and Byzantine-Umayyad.

Tell Johfiyeh
Tell Johfiyeh (2200 BC) is an archeological site in the village of Johfiyeh, Jordan, which dates back to the Iron Age. It is at the northern edge of the modern village of Johfiyeh, 7.5 km south-west of Irbid, in an intensive agriculture area.
Koropi station
Koropi (Greek: Κορωπί) is an Athens Metro and Suburban Railway station situated at east of the town of Koropi, East Attica in Athens metropolitan area. located in the median strip of the Attiki Odos motorway. It opened to Athens Suburban Railway trains on 30 July 2004, with Athens Metro services calling at this station from 10 July 2006.

The station's platforms have two levels, with each end serving trains from the Athens Metro or the Suburban Railway: Suburban Railway trains stop at the northern end. In contrast, Athens Metro Line 3 trains stop at the southern end. As of 2022 the station is served by two Suburban Railway and two Metro trains per hour to the airport, one Suburban Railway train to Ano Liosia and one to Pireaus, and one or two Metro trains to Nikaia.

Athens Suburban Railway
The Athens Suburban Railway (Greek: Προαστιακός Αθηνών, romanized: Proastiakós Athínon), officially the Athens Suburban and Regional Railway, is a commuter rail service that connects the city of Athens and its metropolitan area with other places in Attica, Boeotia, Corinthia and the city of Chalcis in Euboea.

The first section of the Suburban Railway, linking the main Athens railway station  with the Athens International Airport, opened on 30 July 2004 – two weeks before the start of the 2004 Summer Olympics in the Greek capital. From 2005 to 2018, the network was gradually electrified and expanded to serve Piraeus to the south, Corinth and Kiato to the west, and Chalcis to the north. The Athens Suburban Railway is currently operated by Hellenic Train (formerly TrainOSE).
Indecent Publications Tribunal
The Indecent Publications Tribunal was a government censorship organisation that operated in New Zealand from 1964 until 1993. It was established under the Indecent Publications Act 1963 and consisted of five members, with one a High Court barrister or solicitor, and four other members with two having qualifications in the field of literature or education. John Robson, a senior public servant, was instrumental in having provisions for the Tribunal to be established under the Act.

Decisions made by the Tribunal are still in force unless subsequently overturned after being re-classified. The Office of Film and Literature Classification now serves a similar function.

Indecent Publications Act 1963
The Indecent Publications Act was a New Zealand Act of Parliament enacted in 1963.

It repealed the Indecent Publications Act 1910, Indecent Publications Amendment Act 1954, Indecent Publications Amendment Act 1958, Indecent Publications Amendment Act 1961, and sections of the Crimes Act 1961 relating to the 1910 Act. The Indecent Publications Tribunal was established by the Act.

There were four amendments to the Act before being repealed by the Films, Videos, and Publications Classification Act 1993.
The Sumitomo Bank
The Sumitomo Bank, Limited (株式会社住友銀行, Kabushiki-gaisha Sumitomo Ginkō) was a major Japanese bank, founded 1895 in Osaka and a central component of the Sumitomo Group. For much of the 20th century it was one of the largest Japanese banks, together with Dai-Ichi Bank, Mitsubishi Bank, Mitsui Bank, and Yasuda / Fuji Bank. In 1948, it was renamed Osaka Bank, but reverted to Sumitomo Bank in 1952.

On 1 April 2001, Sumitomo Bank merged with Sakura Bank to form Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation.

Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation
Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (株式会社三井住友銀行, Kabushiki-gaisha Mitsui Sumitomo Ginkō; SMBC) is a Japanese multinational banking financial services institution owned by the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, which is also known as the SMBC Group. It is headquartered in the same building as SMBC Group in Marunouchi, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan.

SMBC was established in 2001 through the merger of the Sakura Bank, which originated from the Mitsui zaibatsu and was founded as Mitsui Bank in 1876, and The Sumitomo Bank, which originated from the Sumitomo zaibatsu and was founded in 1895.
Northbridge, Massachusetts
Northbridge is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 16,335 at the 2020 census.  The Northbridge Town Hall is located at 7 Main Street in Whitinsville. The town is now a part of the Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor, of the National Park Service. Northbridge claims to history include: Native American Nipmuc lands, Colonel John Spring, who led the Uxbridge militia training company in the American Revolution, Samuel Spring, Revolutionary War Chaplain, the Residence of Ezra T. Benson 1830–1832, the birthplace of President Millard Fillmore's mother, Phoebe, and home to the Whitin Machine Works from 1831 to 1964.

For geographic and demographic information on the village of Whitinsville, please see the article Whitinsville, Massachusetts.

Ezra T. Benson
Ezra Taft Benson (February 22, 1811 – September 3, 1869) (commonly referred to as Ezra T. Benson to distinguish him from his great-grandson of the same name) was an apostle and a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
Take This Hammer
"Take This Hammer" (Roud 4299, AFS 745B1) is a prison, logging, and railroad work song, which has the same Roud number as another song, "Nine Pound Hammer", with which it shares verses. "Swannanoa Tunnel" and "Asheville Junction" are similar. Together, this group of songs are referred to as "hammer songs" or "roll songs" (after a group of wheelbarrow-hauling songs with much the same structure, though not mentioning hammers). Numerous bluegrass bands and singers like Scott McGill and Mississippi John Hurt also recorded commercial versions of this song, nearly all of them containing verses about the legendary railroad worker, John Henry; and even when they do not, writes folklorist Kip Lornell, "one feels his strong and valorous presence in the song".

John Henry (folklore)
John Henry is an American folk hero. A Black American freedman, he is said to have worked as a "steel-driving man"—a man tasked with hammering a steel drill into a rock to make holes for explosives to blast the rock in constructing a railroad tunnel.

The story of John Henry is told in a classic blues folk song about his duel against a drilling machine, which exists in many versions, and has been the subject of numerous stories, plays, books, and novels.
Clare Island
Clare Island (Irish: Cliara or Oileán Chliara), also historically Inishcleer, is a mountainous island guarding the entrance to Clew Bay in County Mayo, Ireland. Historically part of the kingdom of Umhaill, it is famous as the home of the 16th century pirate queen Gráinne O'Malley. The population of the island is 138 according to the 2022 census.
To the south-west lies Inishturk (inhabited) and Caher Island (uninhabited), and to the north is Achill Island.

Achill Island
Achill Island (/ˈækəl/; Irish: Acaill, Oileán Acla) is located off the west coast of Ireland in the historical barony of Burrishoole, County Mayo. It is the largest of the Irish isles and has an area of approximately 148 km2 (57 sq mi). Achill had a population of 2,345 in the 2022 census. The island, which has been connected to the mainland by a bridge since 1887, is served by Michael Davitt Bridge, between the villages of Achill Sound and Polranny. Other centres of population include the villages of Keel, Dooagh, Dooega, Dooniver, and Dugort. There are a number of peat bogs on the island.

Roughly half of the island, including the villages of Achill Sound and Bun an Churraigh, are in the Gaeltacht (traditional Irish-speaking region) of Ireland, although the vast majority of the island's population speaks English as their daily language.

The island is within a civil parish, also called Achill, that includes Achillbeg, Inishbiggle and the Corraun Peninsula.
Lou Gerstner
Louis Vincent Gerstner Jr. (March 1, 1942 – December 27, 2025) was an American businessman, best known for his tenure as chairman and chief executive officer of IBM from April 1993 until 2002, when he retired as CEO in March and chairman in December. He is largely credited with turning IBM's fortunes around. Lou Gerstner was the chairman of Gerstner Philanthropies.

Gerstner was also CEO of RJR Nabisco, and held senior positions at American Express and McKinsey & Company. He was a graduate of Chaminade High School (1959), Dartmouth College (1963), and held an MBA from the Harvard Business School (1965).

He was chairman of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and was chairman emeritus of the board of the Gerstner Sloan Kettering Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.

Gerstner was the author of Who Says Elephants Can't Dance?, about IBM's transformation; and co-author of the book Reinventing Education: Entrepreneurship in America's Public Schools.

Chaminade High School
Chaminade High School is a Marianist college preparatory high school for boys in Mineola on Long Island, New York.

Chaminade's main campus is also home to Saragossa Retreat Center, one of their three retreat houses. The other retreat houses include Meribah in Muttontown, and Founder's Hollow in Accord.
Portmarnock Golf Club
Portmarnock Golf Club is a  golf club in Portmarnock, north County Dublin, Ireland. Its 27-hole links  occupies a peninsula beside the Irish Sea, with the Championship Course often included in lists of the top 100 golf courses in the world.

Portmarnock
Portmarnock (Irish: Port Mearnóg) is a coastal town in County Dublin, Ireland, north of the city of Dublin, with significant beaches, a modest commercial core and inland residential estates, and two golf courses, including one of Ireland's best known, Portmarnock Golf Club. As of 2022, the population was 10,750, an increase of 13.5% on the 2016 census figure of 9,466.

Portmarnock is also a civil parish in the ancient barony of Coolock. It is in the local government area of Fingal.
Āryabhaṭa numeration
Āryabhaṭa numeration is an alphasyllabic numeral system based on Sanskrit phonemes. It was introduced  in the early 6th century in India by Āryabhaṭa,  in the first chapter titled Gītika Padam of  his  Aryabhatiya. It attributes a numerical value to each syllable of the form consonant+vowel possible in Sanskrit phonology, from ka = 1 up to hau = 1018.

Aryabhata
Aryabhata ( ISO: Āryabhaṭa) or Aryabhata I (476–550 CE) was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy. His works include the Āryabhaṭīya (which mentions that in 3600 Kali Yuga, 499 CE, he was 23 years old) and the Arya-siddhanta.

For his explicit mention of the relativity of motion, he also qualifies as a major early physicist.
Montclair, New Jersey
Montclair is a township in Essex County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Situated on the cliffs of the Watchung Mountains, Montclair is a commercial and cultural hub of North Jersey and a diverse bedroom community of New York City within the New York metropolitan area. The township is home to Montclair State University, the state's second-largest university.

As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 40,921, an increase of 3,252 (+8.6%) from the 2010 census count of 37,669, which in turn reflected a decline of 1,308 (−3.4%) from the 38,977 counted in the 2000 census. As of 2010, it was the 60th-most-populous municipality in New Jersey.

Montclair State University
Montclair State University (Montclair) is a public research university in Montclair, New Jersey, United States. Parts of the campus extend into Clifton and into Little Falls. As of June 2024, there were 22,570 total enrolled students: 18,062 undergraduate students and 4,508 graduate students. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The campus covers approximately 252 acres (1.02 km2). The university offers more than 300 majors, minors, and concentrations.
Vaughn Street Park
Vaughn Street Park was a baseball park in Portland, Oregon, United States. Opened in 1901, it lasted for over a half century and was torn down in 1956. Its primary tenant was the Portland Beavers of the Pacific Coast League (PCL). During a stretch when the club was tagged as the "Lucky Beavers", the ballpark was also sometimes called Lucky Beavers Stadium.

The site, in the Slabtown area, is presently an industrial property with no traces of the stadium except for a plaque.

Portland Beavers
The Portland Beavers was the name of separate minor league baseball teams, which represented Portland, Oregon, in the Pacific Coast League (PCL). The team was established in 1903, the first year of the PCL.
Α-Aminoadipic acid
α-Aminoadipic acid is one of the metabolic precursor in the biosynthesis of lysine through α-aminoadipate pathway. Its conjugate base is α-aminoadipate, which is the prevalent form at physiological pH.

α-Aminoadipic acid has a stereogenic center and can appear in two enantiomers, L-α-aminoadipate and D-α-aminoadipate. The L-enantiomer appears during lysine biosynthesis and degradation, whereas the D-enantiomer is a part of certain antibiotics.

Α-Aminoadipate pathway
The α-aminoadipate pathway (AAA pathway) is a biochemical pathway for the synthesis of the amino acid L-lysine. In the eukaryotes, this pathway is unique to several species of yeast, higher fungi (containing chitin in their cell walls), and the euglenids. It has been reported from bacteria of the genus Thermus and also in Pyrococcus horikoshii, potentially suggesting a wider distribution than previously thought. This uniqueness of the pathway makes it a potentially interesting target for antimycotics.
Green Lantern: New Guardians
Green Lantern: New Guardians is an American comic book series originally written by Tony Bedard with art by Tyler Kirkham and Batt and published by DC Comics.

The team consists of representatives of each of the Corps that tap into a particular portion of the emotional spectrum. Its original members were Kyle Rayner (Green Lantern Corps), Arkillo (Sinestro Corps), Bleez (Red Lantern Corps), Glomulus (Orange Lantern Corps), Munk (Indigo Tribe), Saint Walker (Blue Lantern Corps) and Fatality (Star Sapphires). The group disbands in issue #0 (September 2012), and reforms in issue #13 with Kyle, Arkillo, and new members Carol Ferris and Atrocitus. Larfleeze joins in issue #15.

Indigo Tribe
The Indigo Tribe is a fictional organization that appears in DC Comics publications, primarily those of the Green Lantern series. In the DC Universe, it is one of the seven major groups known  to comprise the Lantern Corps. The group was created by comic book writer Geoff Johns and comic book artist Ethan Van Sciver. It made its debut in the issue #25 of Green Lantern (vol. 4) in December 2007.
Université du Québec à Rimouski
The Université du Québec à Rimouski (French pronunciation: [ynivɛʁsite dy kebɛk a ʁimuski]; commonly referred to as UQAR) (Translation to English: University of Quebec at Rimouski) is a public university located in Rimouski, Quebec, Canada, with a campus in Lévis. Established in 1969, UQAR offers academic training throughout eastern Quebec, including the Chaudière-Appalaches, Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Haute-Côte-Nord, and Manicouagan areas. It also has permanent offices in Gaspé and Rivière-du-Loup.

UQAR is part of the Université du Québec network, the largest university network in Canada, with over 100,000 students. UQAR accepts approximately 7,000 new students every year, including about 550 international students from over 45 countries. UQAR's primary areas of study include marine science, regional development, and Nordic studies.

The university's athletics teams are known as the Nordet, a French word used to refer to a northeasterly wind, and to UQAR's location in Quebec.

Lévis
Lévis (French pronunciation: [levi] ⓘ) is a city in eastern Quebec, Canada, located on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River, opposite Quebec City. A ferry links Old Quebec with Old Lévis, and two bridges, the Quebec Bridge and the Pierre-Laporte Bridge, connect western Lévis with Quebec City.

The population in 2021 was 149,683. Its current incarnation was founded on January 1, 2002, as the result of a merger among ten cities, including the older city of Lévis founded in 1861.

Lévis is also the name of a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of Quebec, coextensive with the city of Lévis. Its geographical code is 25 as a census division, and 251 as an RCM-equivalent territory.