hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bottom feeder
A bottom feeder is an aquatic animal that feeds on or near the bottom of a body of water. Biologists often use the terms benthos—particularly for invertebrates such as shellfish, crabs, crayfish, sea anemones, starfish, snails, bristleworms and sea cucumbers—and benthivore or benthivorous, for fish and invertebrates that feed on material from the bottom. However the term benthos includes all aquatic life that lives on or near the bottom, which means it also includes non-animals, such as plants and algae. Biologists also use specific terms that refer to bottom feeding fish, such as demersal fish, groundfish, benthic fish and benthopelagic fish. Examples of bottom feeding fish species groups are flatfish (halibut, flounder, plaice, sole), eels, cod, haddock, bass, carp, grouper, bream (snapper) and some species of catfish and sharks.

Demersal fish
Demersal fish, also known as groundfish, live and feed on or near the bottom of seas or lakes (the demersal zone). They occupy the sea floors and lake beds, which usually consist of mud, sand, gravel or rocks. In coastal waters, they are found on or near the continental shelf, and in deep waters, they are found on or near the continental slope or along the continental rise. They are not generally found in the deepest waters, such as abyssal depths or on the abyssal plain, but they can be found around seamounts and islands. The word demersal comes from the Latin demergere, which means to sink.

Demersal fish are bottom feeders. They can be contrasted with pelagic fish, which live and feed away from the bottom in the open water column.
Demersal fish fillets contain little fish oil (one to four per cent), whereas pelagic fish can contain up to 30 per cent.
S3 Graphics
S3 Graphics, Ltd. was an American computer graphics company. The company sold the Trio, ViRGE, Savage, and Chrome series of graphics processors. Struggling against competition from 3dfx Interactive, ATI and Nvidia, it merged with hardware manufacturer Diamond Multimedia in 1999. The resulting company renamed itself to SONICblue Incorporated, and, two years later, the graphics portion was spun off into a new joint effort with VIA Technologies. The new company focused on the mobile graphics market. VIA Technologies' stake in S3 Graphics was purchased by HTC in 2011.

VIA Technologies
VIA Technologies, Inc. (Chinese: 威盛電子; pinyin: Wēishèng Diànzǐ) is a Taiwanese manufacturer of integrated circuits, mainly motherboard chipsets, CPUs, and memory. It was once the world's largest independent manufacturer of motherboard chipsets. As a fabless semiconductor company, VIA conducts research and development of its chipsets in-house, then subcontracts the actual (silicon) manufacturing to third-party merchant foundries such as TSMC.

VIA is also the parent company of VIA Labs Inc. (VLI, Chinese: 威鋒電子). As an independently traded subsidiary, VLI develops and markets USB 3, USB 4, USB Type-C, and USB PD controllers for computer peripherals and mobile devices.
Presidential Management Fellows Program
The Presidential Management Fellows (PMF) Program was a two-year training and leadership development program at a United States government agency, administered by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM), for advanced degree holders (both current and recent graduates). After completing the program, agencies may convert PMFs to permanent federal civilian employees. The program started in 1977, was renamed in 2003, and abolished in 2025.

United States Office of Personnel Management
The United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that manages the United States federal civil service. The agency provides federal human resources policy, oversight, and support, and tends to healthcare (FEHB), life insurance (FEGLI), and retirement benefits (CSRS and FERS, but not TSP) for federal government employees, retirees, and their dependents.

OPM is headed by a director, who is nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate. As of July 14, 2025, Scott Kupor is the director.
Yuzhong, Chongqing
Yuzhong District (渝中区) is the central district and heart of Chongqing municipality. It is the capital of the municipality and is also the political, economical, and entertainment center of the city of Chongqing. Located in the central portion of Yuzhong is the Jiefangbei CBD, a leading business and financial center of western China.

Surrounded on three sides by water, Yuzhong is effectively a peninsula between the Jialing and Yangtze Rivers. Due to the limited space, its hilly nature, and the fact that it is the main central business district for Chongqing, Yuzhong contains some of the tallest skyscrapers in China and is the most densely populated district in the municipality.

During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the relocated headquarters of the Nationalist Government were located in Yuzhong.

Jiefangbei CBD
Jiefangbei Central Business District (CBD) (simplified Chinese: 解放碑中央商务区; traditional Chinese: 解放碑中央商務區; pinyin: Jiěfàngbēi Zhōngyāng Shāngwù Qū), also known as Jiefangbei Business Walking Street (Chinese: 解放碑商业步行街; pinyin: Jiěfàngbēi Shāngyè Bùxíngjiē), is the ultra-dense, urbanized downtown core and one of several central business districts of Chongqing, China. It is anchored by a large pedestrian mall with a landmark monument tower (its namesake, "Jiefangbei") and surrounded by collections of tall skyscrapers.
Oleona, Pennsylvania
Oleona, originally spelled Oleana, is an unincorporated community in Stewardson Township, Potter County, Pennsylvania, United States, situated in the Kettle Creek valley at the intersection of PA Route 44 and PA Route 144. The community was established in 1852 by the Norwegian violinist Ole Bull as part of a short-lived utopian colony intended to provide a home for Scandinavian immigrants. The colony's rapid failure became the subject of the well-known satirical song "Oleana." Much of the original colony land is now part of Ole Bull State Park.

Oleanna (song)
"Oleanna" (or "Oleana") is a Norwegian folk song that was translated into English and popularized by former Weavers member Pete Seeger. The song is a critique of Ole Bull's vision of a perfect society in America. Oleanna was actually the name of one of Ole Bull's settlements in the New Norway colony of Pennsylvania. His society failed, and all of the immigrants moved away, since the dense forest made it hard to settle there. The lyrics concern the singer's desire to leave Norway and escape to Oleanna, a land where "wheat and corn just plant themselves, then grow a good four feet a day while on your bed you rest yourself."

The lyrics for Oleanna were written by Ditmar Meidell, a Norwegian magazine editor, who set his words to the melody "Rio Janeiro". The song was first published on March 5, 1853, in Krydseren (The Cruiser), a satirical magazine which Meidell had founded.
Roy C. Bennett
Roy C. Bennett (August 12, 1918 – July 2, 2015) was an American songwriter known for the songs he wrote with Sid Tepper, which spawned several hits for Elvis Presley. Between 1945 and 1970, Tepper and Bennett published over 300 songs.

Sid Tepper
Sid Tepper (June 25, 1918 – April 24, 2015) was an American songwriter. He is best known for his collaborations with Roy C. Bennett, which spawned several hits for Elvis Presley. Between 1945 and 1970, Tepper and Bennett published over 300 songs.
Vostok (rocket family)
Vostok (Russian: Восток, lit. 'East') was a family of rockets derived from the Soviet R-7 Semyorka ICBM and was designed for the human spaceflight programme. This family of rockets launched the first artificial satellite (Sputnik 1) and the first crewed spacecraft (Vostok) in human history. It was a subset of the R-7 family of rockets.

On March 18, 1980, a Vostok-2M rocket exploded on its launch pad at Plesetsk during a fueling operation, killing 48 people. An investigation into a similar – but avoided – accident revealed that the substitution of lead-based for tin-based solder in hydrogen peroxide filters allowed the breakdown of the H2O2, thus causing the resultant explosion.

Vostok (spacecraft)
Vostok (Russian: Восток, lit. 'East') was a class of single-pilot crewed spacecraft built by the Soviet Union. The first human spaceflight was accomplished with Vostok 1 on April 12, 1961, by Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.

The Vostok programme made six crewed spaceflights from 1961 through 1963. This was followed in 1964 and 1965 by two flights of Vostok spacecraft modified for up to three pilots, identified as Voskhod. By the late 1960s, these were replaced with Soyuz spacecraft, which are still used as of 2025.
Elmes Yelverton Steele
Elmes Yelverton Steele (February 6, 1781 – August 6, 1865) was a British naval officer, and  militia officer, farmer and political figure in Canada West, Province of Canada.  The father of a large family, one of his sons was Sam Steele, an officer in the early days of the North-West Mounted Police.

Sam Steele
Major-general Sir Samuel Benfield Steele KCMG CB MVO (5 January 1848 – 30 January 1919) was a Canadian soldier and policeman. He was an officer of the North-West Mounted Police, head of the Yukon detachment during the Klondike Gold Rush, and commanding officer of Strathcona's Horse during the Boer War.
Interstate 85 Business (South Carolina)
Interstate 85 Business (I-85 Bus. or BL 85) is a business loop of the Interstate Highway System. It is entirely a freeway running along the old route of I-85 in the vicinity of Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States. It is the only freeway to connect with I-585, which is now an isolated piece of the Interstate Highway System (as Interstate business routes themselves are considered isolated from the Interstate System).

Interstate 585
Interstate 585 (I-585) is a 2.25-mile-long (3.62 km) auxiliary Interstate Highway of I-85 in the US state of South Carolina. It has been an orphan auxiliary route to I-85 since 1995 when the Interstate was relocated further north bypassing Spartanburg. In a complete concurrency with US Highway 176 (US 176), it spurs south from I-85 Business (I-85 Bus) for a few miles before entering Spartanburg.
Filefish
The filefish (Monacanthidae) are a diverse family of tropical to subtropical tetraodontiform marine fish, which are also known as foolfish, leatherjackets, or shingles. They live in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. Filefish are closely related to triggerfish, pufferfish, and trunkfish.

The filefish family comprises about 102 species in 27 genera. More than half of the species are found in Australian waters, with 58 species in 23 genera.

Their laterally compressed bodies and rough, sandpapery skin inspired the filefish's common name.

Triggerfish
Triggerfish are about 40 species of often brightly colored marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Balistidae. Often marked by lines and spots, they inhabit tropical and subtropical oceans throughout the world, with the greatest species richness in the Indo-Pacific. Most are found in relatively shallow, coastal habitats, especially at coral reefs, but a few, such as the oceanic triggerfish (Canthidermis maculata), are pelagic. While several species from this family are popular in the marine aquarium trade, they are often notoriously ill-tempered.
Wardija Battery
Wardija Battery (Maltese: Batterija tal-Wardija) was an artillery battery in Wardija, a hilltop in the limits of St. Paul's Bay, on the northern coast of Malta. It was built by the British in 1915, and saw use during World War I. It became obsolete following the construction of Fort Campbell in 1938.

Fort Campbell (Malta)
Fort Campbell (Maltese: Forti Campbell or Fortizza ta' Campbell), also known locally as Il-Fortizza ta' Selmun, is a former fort in Mellieħa, Malta. It was built by the British during 1937 and 1938. It is notable as the most important fortification north of the Victoria Lines, and the last major fortification to be built in Malta. Today, it lies in ruins.
Toyota FCHV
The Toyota FCHV is a hybrid hydrogen fuel cell vehicle development programme of the Toyota Motor Corporation, which was leased to a limited number of drivers in the United States and Japan beginning in 2002. The Toyota FCHV and Honda FCX, which began leasing on 2 December 2002, became the world's first government-certified commercial hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Its first commercial fuel cell vehicle was developed from the FCHV-4, which was adapted from the Toyota Highlander body. "FCHV" stands for "Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle". A number of prototypes have been produced, up to the latest FCHV-adv ("advanced").

Toyota concept vehicles (2000–2009)
Toyota concept vehicles are transportation devices manufactured or designed by automobile company Toyota from 2000 to 2009. As their name suggests, these vehicles were concepts, and, as such, many were never released to dealerships. Many were developed in conjunction with other corporations such as Sony or Subaru.
Kaunas massacre of October 29, 1941
The Kaunas massacre of October 29, 1941, also known as the Great Action, was the largest mass murder of Lithuanian Jews.  9,200 people among them 2,007 Jewish men, 2,920 women, and 4,273 children were murdered in a single day at the Ninth Fort.

Ninth Fort
The Ninth Fort (Lithuanian: Devintas Fortas) is a stronghold in the northern part of Šilainiai elderate, Kaunas, Lithuania. It is a part of the Kaunas Fortress, built in the late 19th century. During the Soviet occupation, the fort was used as a prison and way-station for prisoners being transported to labour camps. After the occupation of Lithuania by Nazi Germany, the fort was used as a place of execution for Jews, captured Soviets, and others.
Hastings Park
Hastings Park is a municipal park located in the northeast sector of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, in the Hastings-Sunrise neighbourhood. The 62 hectares (150 acres) park features several sports and recreation facilities, including Hastings Racecourse and Playland amusement park. The southern portions of the park are also used as the fairgrounds for the Pacific National Exhibition.

The park was granted in trust by the government of British Columbia to the City of Vancouver. Horse racing first took place at the park in 1892, with the PNE holding its first exhibition in 1910. An amusement park was opened at Hastings Park in 1926.

In 2025, a soccer-specific stadium, which will serve as the home of Vancouver Whitecaps FC, an MLS club, has been provisionally approved for construction at the site. The agreement will still need to be approved by the Vancouver City Council.

Playland (Vancouver)
Playland Amusement Park is an amusement park in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The amusement park is located at Hastings Park and is operated by the Pacific National Exhibition (PNE), an organization that hosts an annual summer fair and exhibition adjacent to Playland. Playland opened at its current location in 1958, although its predecessor, Happyland, operated at Hastings Park from 1929 to 1957 on the opposite end of the property. Playland was formally made a division of the PNE in 1993.

Playland operates seasonally, opening from May to September every year. The park also reopens in October for its annual "Fright Nights" Halloween themed events. As of 2024, the park operated 40 attractions, including 4 roller coasters. Additional rides are brought in from West Coast Amusements during the PNE's annual summer fair from mid-August to Labour Day; nearly doubling the number of rides at the park.
Olympic–Wallowa lineament
The Olympic–Wallowa lineament (OWL) is a series of geologic structures oriented from northwest to southeast for 650 km (400 mi) across Washington and northeast Oregon in the United States, passing through the Seattle area and including notable features east of the Cascade Range such as the Yakima Fold Belt and Wallowa Mountains. It was first reported by cartographer Erwin Raisz in 1945 on a relief map of the continental United States. The origin of this feature in its entirety is not well understood. The Olympic–Wallowa lineament likely predates the Columbia River Basalt Group.

Yakima Fold Belt
The Yakima Fold Belt of south-central Washington, also called the Yakima fold-and-thrust belt, is an area of topographical folds (or wrinkles) raised by tectonic compression. It is a 14,000 km2 (5,400 sq mi) structural-tectonic sub province of the western Columbia Plateau Province resulting from complex and poorly understood regional tectonics. The folds are associated with geological faults whose seismic risk is of particular concern to the nuclear facilities at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation (immediately northwest of the Tri-Cities) and major dams on the Columbia and Snake Rivers.
Battle of Kilsyth
55°59′03″N 4°01′08″W﻿ / ﻿55.98427°N 4.01885°W﻿ / 55.98427; -4.01885

The Battle of Kilsyth, fought on 15 August 1645 near Kilsyth, was an engagement of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. The largest battle of the conflict in Scotland, it resulted in victory for the Royalist general Montrose over the forces of the Covenanter-dominated Scottish Parliament, and marked the end of General William Baillie's pursuit of the Royalists.

James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose
James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose (1612 – 21 May 1650) was a Scottish nobleman, poet, soldier and later viceroy and captain general of Scotland. Montrose initially joined the Covenanters in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, but subsequently supported King Charles I as the English Civil War developed. From 1644 to 1646, and again in 1650, he fought in the civil war in Scotland on behalf of the King. He is referred to as the Great Montrose.

Following his defeat and capture at the Battle of Carbisdale, Montrose was tried by the Scottish Parliament and sentenced to death by hanging, followed by beheading and quartering. After the Restoration, Charles II paid £802 sterling for a lavish funeral in 1661. Montrose's reputation later changed from traitor or martyr to a romantic hero and subject of works by Walter Scott and John Buchan. His spectacular victories, which took his opponents by surprise, are remembered in military history for their tactical brilliance.
2019–20 UEFA Youth League Domestic Champions Path
The 2019–20 UEFA Youth League Domestic Champions Path began on 2 October and ended on 4 December 2019. A total of 32 teams compete in the Domestic Champions Path to decide eight of the 24 places in the knockout phase (play-offs and the round of 16 onwards) of the 2019–20 UEFA Youth League.

Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses).

2019–20 UEFA Youth League knockout phase
The 2019–20 UEFA Youth League knockout phase (knockout round play-offs and round of 16 onwards) began on 11 February 2020 with the play-off round and ended with the final on 25 August 2020 at Colovray Stadium in Nyon, Switzerland, to decide the champions of the 2019–20 UEFA Youth League. A total of 24 teams competed in the knockout phase (knockout round play-offs and round of 16 onwards).

Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses).
Gudda Gudda
Carl Eugene Lilly Jr. (born March 11, 1983), better known by his stage name Gudda Gudda, is an American rapper from New Orleans, Louisiana. He performed on Young Money Entertainment's 2009 single "BedRock", which peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100.

Lilly was originally a member of Sqad Up with Kidd Kidd and Lil Wayne. After forging a long-time friendship with Wayne, Lilly signed with his label Young Money Entertainment, and later Republic Records.

Kidd Kidd
Curtis Stewart (born November 26, 1983), better known by his stage name Kidd Kidd (formerly known as Nutt Da Kidd), is an  American rapper from New Orleans, Louisiana. He is best known for his guest appearance alongside Bobby Valentino on Lil Wayne's 2008 single "Mrs. Officer", which peaked at number 16 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Stewart was among the first signees of Wayne's record label, Young Money Entertainment, as a part of Southern hip hop group Sqad Up. In 2011, he signed a record deal with 50 Cent's label imprint G-Unit Records, and in 2014, joined the label's then-recently reformed East Coast hip hop group G-Unit. In 2015, he was chosen as part of XXL Magazine's annual Freshman Class.
21 Hayes
21 Hayes was a trolleybus line operated by the San Francisco Municipal Railway (Muni). It connected the Civic Center to the neighborhoods northeast of Golden Gate Park in San Francisco. On June 21, 2025, the 21 Hayes merged with the 6 Haight/Parnassus.

6 Hayes/Parnassus
6 Hayes/Parnassus, formerly 6 Haight/Parnassus is a trolleybus line operated by the San Francisco Municipal Railway (Muni). It connects the Financial District to the Inner Sunset and Forest Hill via Hayes Valley.
CFQM-FM
CFQM-FM (103.9 MHz) is a Canadian FM radio station broadcasting from Moncton, New Brunswick, and owned by the Maritime Broadcasting System. The station currently airs a classic hits format and is branded on-air as 103.9 Max FM. Since 1977, the station has had numerous music formats such as easy listening, MOR and adult contemporary. From 1979 to 1998, it had a successful country format.

Every weekend, CFQM plays vintage American Top 40 countdown shows hosted by Casey Kasem, one from the 1980s every Saturday morning, and one from the 1970s every Sunday morning. Sister stations CHNS-FM in Halifax, Nova Scotia, CKPE-FM in Sydney, CKTO-FM in Truro, Nova Scotia, CIKX-FM in Grand Falls, New Brunswick, CJCJ-FM in Woodstock, New Brunswick, CKBC-FM in Bathurst, New Brunswick and CJYC-FM in Saint John also do this.

CKPE-FM
CKPE-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting from Sydney, Nova Scotia at 94.9 FM. The station broadcasts a classic hits format branded as 94.9 The Wave. The station has been on the air since 1957 under the original call sign CJCB-FM.

The station is owned and operated by the Maritime Broadcasting System. CJCB and CHER-FM are its sister stations.

Every weekend, CKPE plays vintage American Top 40 countdown shows hosted by Casey Kasem, one from the 1980s every Saturday morning, and one from the 1970s every Sunday morning. Sister stations CHNS-FM in Halifax, CKTO-FM in Truro, Nova Scotia, CFQM-FM in Moncton, CIKX-FM in Grand Falls, New Brunswick, CJCJ-FM in Woodstock, New Brunswick, CKBC-FM in Bathurst, New Brunswick and CJYC-FM in Saint John also do this.
Vladislav I of Wallachia
Vladislav I of the Basarab dynasty, also known as Vlaicu or Vlaicu-Vodă, was the Voivode of Wallachia between 1364 and 1377. He was the son of Nicholas Alexander of Wallachia and Clara Dobokai.

In February 1369, Vladislav I subdued Vidin and recognised Louis I of Hungary as his overlord, in return for Severin, Amlaș, Făgăraș and 120,000 ducats. In 1375, Louis I took Severin again, but Vladislav I recovered it, in 1376–1377.

Nicholas Alexander of Wallachia
Nicholas Alexander (Romanian: Nicolae Alexandru c. 1300 – 16th November 1364) was the second Voivode of Wallachia. His birthdate is uncertain, although according to popular theory he was born around the turn of the 14th century. He co-ruled the principality with his father Basarab from 1344 until his father's death in 1351 or 1352; he then ruled alone until his death in 1364. He is best known for facilitating the founding of the Metropolis of Ungro-Wallachia.