hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Browne baronets
There have been ten baronetcies created for persons with the surname Browne (as distinct from Brown and Broun), six in the Baronetage of Great Britain, three in the Baronetage of Ireland and one in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia. Only one creation is extant as of 2010. Three of the creations were for members of the Browne family headed by the Viscount Montagu.

Viscount Montagu
Viscount Montagu was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created on 2 September 1554 for Anthony Browne of the Noble House of Montagu. It became extinct on the death of the ninth Viscount in 1797. The title Viscount Montagu was chosen from line of descent from John Neville, 1st Marquess of Montagu. His daughter, Lucy Neville, was the grandmother of Anthony Browne. He was made a Viscount to correlate to the wealth of the Browne family. Cowdray House became the established seat of the Viscounts Montagu.
Drag coefficient
In fluid dynamics, the drag coefficient (commonly denoted as: ,  or ) is a dimensionless quantity that is used to quantify the drag or resistance of an object in a fluid environment, such as air or water. It is used in the drag equation in which a lower drag coefficient indicates the object will have less aerodynamic or hydrodynamic drag. The drag coefficient is always associated with a particular surface area.

The drag coefficient of any object comprises the effects of the two basic contributors to fluid dynamic drag: skin friction and form drag. The drag coefficient of a lifting airfoil or hydrofoil also includes the effects of lift-induced drag. The drag coefficient of a complete structure such as an aircraft also includes the effects of interference drag.

Drag (physics)
In fluid dynamics, drag, sometimes referred to as fluid resistance, and also known as viscous force, is a force acting opposite to the direction of motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid. This can exist between two fluid layers, or between a fluid and a solid surface. Drag forces tend to decrease fluid velocity relative to the solid object in the fluid's path.

Unlike other resistive forces, drag force depends on velocity. Drag force is proportional to the relative velocity for low-speed flow and is proportional to the velocity squared for high-speed flow. This distinction between low and high-speed flow is measured by the Reynolds number.
Ngajanji
The Ngajanji, also written Ngadyan, and Ngadjon-Jii are an Indigenous Australian people of the rainforest region south of Cairns, in northern Queensland. They form one of eight groups, the others being Yidin, Mamu, Dyirbal, Girramay, Warrgamay, Waruŋu and Mbabaram, of the Dyirbal tribes.

Dyirbal people
The Dyirbal, also called Jirrbal, are an Aboriginal Australian people living in northern Queensland, both one tribe (the Dyirbalŋan or 'Tully River blacks') and a group of related contiguous peoples included under that label as the Dyirbal tribes. They live on the upper Murray river of the Atherton Tableland. Their name is used as a generic term to refer specifically to one of eight groups, the others being Yidinji, Ngadyan, Mamu, Girramay, Wargamay, Waruŋu and Mbabaɽam.
Grandad Rudd
Grandad Rudd is a 1935 comedy featuring the Dad and Dave characters created by Steele Rudd and based on a play by Rudd. It was a sequel to On Our Selection, and was later followed by Dad and Dave Come to Town and Dad Rudd, MP.

On Our Selection (1932 film)
On Our Selection (titled in the UK as Down On the Farm) is a 1932 comedy based on the Dad and Dave stories by Steele Rudd. These had been turned into a popular play by Bert Bailey and Edmund Duggan in 1912, which formed the basis for the screenplay. Bailey repeats his stage role as Dad Rudd. He also wrote the script with director Ken G. Hall.

The movie was one of the most popular Australian films of all time.
Unión de Impresores de Filipinas
The Unión de Impresores de Filipinas (UIF, English: Printers' Union of the Philippines) was one of the first national trade union centers in the Philippines, along with the Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina. Established in 1906, it was a national union of all workers in the printing trade intended to consolidate them into a single confederation.

Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina
The Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina (UOD or UODF, English: Philippine Democratic Labor Union) was a national trade union center in the Philippines. The organization was considered as the first-ever modern trade union federation in the history of the country, composed of unions from various labor industries; earlier and prior labor groups had been more of mutual aid societies and guilds. The organization had thirty-three affiliated trade unions as of 1902. In 1903, the organization counted 150 affiliated unions, with around 20,000 members in the Manila area. At its peak, the Union Obrera Democratica had approximately 150,000 members in eight provinces of Luzon. Its members were also the very first members of the Philippine Independent Church when it was proclaimed in 1902.
Acmispon glaber
Acmispon glaber (previously Lotus scoparius) (common deerweed, deer weed, deervetch, California broom or western bird's-foot trefoil) is a perennial subshrub in the family Fabaceae (pea family). The plant is a pioneer species found in dry areas of California, Arizona, and Mexico.  It is commonly found in many areas including chaparral, coastal sand and roadsides at elevations below 1500 m.

Chaparral
Chaparral (/ˌʃæpəˈræl, ˌtʃæp-/ SHAP-ə-RAL, CHAP-) is a shrubland plant community found primarily in California, southern Oregon, and northern Baja California, part of the California floristic province. It is shaped by a Mediterranean climate (mild wet winters and hot dry summers) and infrequent, high-intensity crown fires. Many chaparral shrubs have hard sclerophyllous evergreen leaves, as contrasted with the associated soft-leaved, drought-deciduous, scrub community of coastal sage scrub, found often on drier, southern-facing slopes.

Three other closely related chaparral shrubland systems occur in southern Arizona, western Texas, and along the eastern side of central Mexico's mountain chains, all having summer rains in contrast to the Mediterranean climate of other chaparral formations.
Nepalese royal massacre
The Nepalese royal massacre (also called Durbar Hatyakanda, दरबार हत्याकाण्ड) was a mass shooting which occurred on 1 June 2001 at the Narayanhiti Palace, the then-residence of the Nepali monarchy, resulting in the deaths of nine members of the royal family, including King Birendra and Queen Aishwarya. A government-appointed inquiry team named Crown Prince Dipendra as the perpetrator of the massacre. Dipendra was declared king following the death of his parents but was comatose after shooting himself at the scene; he died in a hospital three days later without regaining consciousness. Birendra's brother Gyanendra then became king.

Shah dynasty
The Shah dynasty (Nepali: शाह वंश), also known as the Shahs of Gorkha or the Royal House of Gorkha, was the ruling Chaubise Thakuri dynasty and the founder of the Gorkha Kingdom from 1559 to 1768 and later the unified Kingdom of Nepal from 1768 to 28 May 2008.

The Shah dynasty traces its historical ancestor to King of Kaski, Kulamandan Shah Khand, whose grandson Dravya Shah captured the throne of Ligligkot from Magars King (Dalsur Ghale Magar) with the help of accomplices from six resident clans of Majhkot and Ligligkot. Dravya Shah named his new kingdom Gorkha.
Crescent Star Party (Indonesia)
The Crescent Star Party (Indonesian: Partai Bulan Bintang, PBB) is a conservative political party in Indonesia based on Islam and Muslim modern values. The party is also the successor party to Masyumi which was successful during the liberal democracy era in Indonesia. The party was founded on July 17, 1998.

Masyumi Party
The Council of Indonesian Muslim Associations (Indonesian: Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia), better known as the Masyumi Party or simply Masyumi, was a major Islamic political party in Indonesia during the Liberal Democracy period of the 1950s. In 1960, the Masyumi was banned by President Sukarno for supporting the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia (PRRI) rebellion.
Pochon Line
The Poch'ŏn Line, also known as Paektusan Rimch'ŏl Line (Mount Paektu Forestry Line), is a former partially electrified narrow gauge line of the Korean State Railway in Ryanggang Province, North Korea, running from Karim on the Samjiyŏn Line to Ryanggang Taep'yŏng.

Samjiyon Line
Samjiyŏn Line is the name of a railway line of the Korean State Railway in Ryanggang Province, North Korea, running from Wiyŏn on the Paektusan Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line to Motka. The name is applied both to the original narrow gauge line built in 1948, as well as to the new standard gauge line opened in 2017.

While the original line was 77.2 km (48.0 mi), the new standard gauge line is considerably shorter at 64 km (40 mi).
Hornswoggle
Dylan Mark Postl (born May 29, 1986) is an American professional wrestler and YouTuber best known under the ring name Hornswoggle. He is signed to WWE under a legends contract, having previously performed for the company as an in-ring competitor. He currently performs on the independent circuit, sometimes under the tweaked name Swoggle, and is also known for his tenure in Impact Wrestling.

He debuted in WWE in 2006, allied with Finlay. Hornswoggle won the Cruiserweight Championship and was the final champion in its first stint. He was then revealed, in kayfabe, to be Vince McMahon's bastard son, and was exposed as the Anonymous Raw General Manager who had controlled the Raw brand from June 21, 2010, to July 18, 2011. He left WWE in 2016. He also competed in Impact Wrestling from 2016 to 2019.

Fit Finlay
David John "Dave" Finlay, Jr. (born 31 January 1958) is a retired Northern Irish professional wrestling trainer and former wrestler. He is signed to WWE as a trainer and assistant coach at the Performance Center, as well as a producer. He is best known for his tenures with World Championship Wrestling (WCW) from 1996 to 2000 under the ring name Fit Finlay, and in WWE from 2005 to 2010 under the mononymous name Finlay.

Finlay debuted in 1974, and has held over 20 championships around the world throughout his career, including the WCW World Television Championship and the WWE United States Championship. He is also well-known for his coaching to other wrestlers, notably for his training contributions to the WWE women's division.
Namur Gate
The Namur Gate (French: Porte de Namur, pronounced [pɔʁt də namyʁ]; Dutch: Naamsepoort, pronounced [ˈnaːmsəˌpoːrt]) was one of the medieval city gates of the second walls of Brussels, Belgium. Built in the 14th century, it was one of the major entry points on the city's south-eastern side to Ixelles. The gatehouse was demolished in 1784 during the construction of the Small Ring (Brussels' inner ring road). Two pavilion-like buildings were built on the site to collect the octroi in 1836. Although redundant since 1860, these pavilions were moved, and now stand at the entrance of the Bois de la Cambre/Ter Kamerenbos.

Namur Gate remains a toponym denoting the site of the former gate on the edge of the City of Brussels and the Matongé district in Ixelles. This area is served by Porte de Namur/Naamsepoort metro station on lines 2 and 6 of the Brussels Metro.

Fortifications of Brussels
The Fortifications of Brussels (French: Fortifications de Bruxelles; Dutch: Vestingwerken van Brussel) refers to the medieval city walls that surrounded Brussels, Belgium, built primarily to defend the city but also for administrative reasons. There were two stages of fortifications of Brussels: the first walls, built in the early 13th century, and the second walls, built in the late 14th century and later upgraded. In the 19th century, the second walls were torn down and replaced with the Small Ring, a series of boulevards bounding the historical city centre. Nowadays, only a few sections of each walls remain, most notably the Halle Gate.
Syed Rezaul Karim
Syed Rezaul Karim (born 1 February 1971), also known by his title Charmonai Pir, is a Bangladeshi Islamic scholar, politician, who serving as the Emir of Islami Andolan Bangladesh. He is also President of the Bangladesh Mujahid Committee  and Bangladesh Quran Education Board, and the Vice President of Befaqul Madarisil Arabia Bangladesh.

Islami Andolan Bangladesh
Islami Andolan Bangladesh (Bengali: ইসলামী আন্দোলন বাংলাদেশ, lit. 'Islamic Movement [of] Bangladesh') is an Islamist political party in Bangladesh. It was established by Islamic scholar Syed Fazlul Karim, pir of Charmonai, on 13 March 1987 as the Islami Shasontontro Andolon. Syed Rezaul Karim is the incumbent ameer of the party since 2006.

The party has campaigned in favour of a blasphemy law and organised rallies in support for a restoration of the caretaker government system, as well as demanding punishment of former government minister Abdul Latif Siddique for his comments criticizing Hajj.
G. K. Butterfield
George Kenneth Butterfield Jr. (born April 27, 1947) is an American lawyer, lobbyist, and retired politician who served as the U.S. representative for North Carolina's 1st congressional district from 2004 to 2022. A member of the Democratic Party, he was first elected in a special election after the resignation of Frank Ballance.

His district was in the state's northeastern corner, which included all or parts of 19 counties. A longtime advocate of civil rights, Butterfield was appointed an associate justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court by Governor Mike Easley in 2001, retaining the position until 2003. He was a member of the Congressional Black Caucus and served as its chair from 2015 to 2017.

In November 2021, Butterfield announced that he would not run for re-election in 2022. On December 30, 2022, Butterfield resigned from his position to take up a lobbying position.

Frank Ballance
Frank Winston Ballance Jr. (February 15, 1942 – February 22, 2019) was an American politician and attorney who was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from 2003 to 2004, representing North Carolina's 1st congressional district before resigning from his seat due to health issues.

In November 2004, Ballance pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to commit mail fraud and money laundering, and was sentenced to four years in prison, two years supervised release, and fined $10,000.
Emission theory (relativity)
Emission theory, also called emitter theory or ballistic theory of light, was a competing theory for the special theory of relativity, explaining the results of the Michelson–Morley experiment of 1887. Emission theories obey the principle of relativity by having no preferred frame for light transmission, but say that light is emitted at speed "c" relative to its source instead of applying the invariance postulate. Thus, emitter theory combines electrodynamics and mechanics with a simple Newtonian theory. Although there are still proponents of this theory outside the scientific mainstream, this theory is considered to be conclusively discredited by most scientists.

Special relativity
In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time. In Albert Einstein's 1905 paper, 
"On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies", the theory is presented as being based on just two postulates:

The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference (that is, frames of reference with no acceleration). This is known as the principle of relativity.

The speed of light in vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of light source or observer. This is known as the principle of light constancy, or the principle of light speed invariance.

The first postulate was first formulated by Galileo Galilei (see Galilean invariance).
Ukhrul district
Ukhrul district (Meitei pronunciation:/ˈuːkˌɹəl or ˈuːkˌɹʊl/) is an administrative district of the state of Manipur in India with its headquarters at Ukhrul. The Ukhrul district has a long history dating back to the 1920s when it was created as the North-East Hill Sub-Division of the then princely state of Manipur. In 2016, the Kamjong subdivision of the Ukhrul district was spun out as a separate district, leading to the present configuration of the Ukhrul district.

Kamjong district
Kamjong district (Meitei pronunciation: /kām-jōng/) is one of the 16 districts of Manipur, India. It was created in 2016 from the Ukhrul district, prior to which it was a subdivision of the latter.

The district headquarters is located at Kamjong. It shares a long international border with Myanmar. The district is bounded by Myanmar in the east, Kangpokpi district in the West, Ukhrul district in the north and Tengnoupal district in the south. The terrain of the district is hilly with varying heights of 913 m to 3114 m (MSL). The district headquarter is linked with state highway of 120 Km from Imphal.
Letters Home (News from Babel album)
Letters Home is a 1986 studio album by English avant-rock group News from Babel. It was recorded at Tim Hodgkinson's Cold Storage Recording Studios in Brixton, London, in 1985 and 1986, and was released in 1986. It was their second album and included guest vocalists Robert Wyatt, Dagmar Krause, Sally Potter and Phil Minton. Krause (no longer a member of the group) was listed here as a guest and only sang on two songs.

Picking up where Work Resumed on the Tower left off, Letters Home continues News from Babel's exploration of "Marxist politics and personal alienation" set to a blend of rock, jazz and cabaret. The music on the album was composed by Lindsay Cooper and the song texts were written by Chris Cutler. The album's title was named after Letters Home, a collection of letters written by Sylvia Plath.

For technical reasons, the original LP release of this album was pressed on a 12" disc at 45 rpm, and not the standard 33⅓ rpm.

Work Resumed on the Tower
Work Resumed on the Tower (also known as Sirens and Silences/Work Resumed on the Tower) is a 1984 studio album by English avant-rock group News from Babel. It was recorded at Tim Hodgkinson's Cold Storage Recording Studios in Brixton, London, in October and November 1983, and released in 1984. It was their debut album and included guest vocalist Phil Minton. The music on the album was composed by Lindsay Cooper and the song texts were written by Chris Cutler.

The album comprises two song-suites Sirens and Silences and Work Resumed on the Tower, each on one side of the original LP release. The CD releases of the album were entitled Sirens and Silences/Work Resumed on the Tower. For technical reasons, the LP release was pressed on a 12" disc at 45 rpm, and not the standard 33⅓ rpm.
Fife Council
Fife Council is the local authority for Fife, one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. The council is based at Fife House in Glenrothes. It has been under no overall control since 2003, and has been led by a Labour minority administration since the last election in 2022.

Fife House, Glenrothes
Fife House, formerly Glenrothes House, is a large office development on North Street in Glenrothes, Fife, Scotland. It was built for Glenrothes Development Corporation in 1969, then became the headquarters of Fife Regional Council from shortly after its formation in 1975 and then became the offices and meeting place of Fife Council in 1996.
Yemek
The Yemek  or Kimek were a Turkic tribe constituting the Kimek-Kipchak confederation, whose other six constituent tribes, according to Abu Said Gardizi (d. 1061), were the Imur (or Imi), Tatars, Bayandur, Kipchaks, Lanikaz, and Ajlad.

Ajlad
The Ajlad was a Turkic tribe or clan. They were one of seven original tribes that made up the Kimek confederation. They originated from the Central Asian steppes.

The Ajlad were one of seven original tribes that made up the Kimek confederation, along with the Imur/Imi, Imak, Tatar, Kipchak, Bayandur and Lanikaz. The Kimek tribes originated in the Central Asian steppes and had migrated to the territory of present-day Kazakhstan. The Ajlad, as part of the Kimek, were mentioned by Gardizi.
Bowling Alone
Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community  is a 2000 nonfiction book by Robert D. Putnam. It was developed from his 1995 essay entitled "Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital" in the Journal of Democracy. Putnam surveys the decline of social capital in the United States since 1950. He has described the reduction in all the forms of in-person social intercourse upon which Americans used to found, educate, and enrich the fabric of their social lives. He argues that this undermines the active civic engagement which a strong democracy requires from its citizens.

Civic engagement
Civic engagement or civic participation is any individual or group activity addressing issues of public concern. Civic engagement includes communities working together or individuals working alone in both political and non-political actions to protect public values or make a change in a community. The goal of civic engagement is to address public concerns and improve the quality of community life.

Civic engagement is "a process in which people take collective action to address issues of public concern" and is "instrumental to democracy". Underrepresentation in government can lead to the concerns of minority, low-income, and younger populations being overlooked. In turn, issues for higher voting groups are addressed more frequently, causing more bills to be passed to fix these problems.
London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority
The London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority (LFEPA) was a functional body of the Greater London Authority (GLA) from 2000 to 2018. It was established with the Greater London Authority by the Greater London Authority Act 1999. It replaced the London Fire and Civil Defence Authority, on 3 July 2000. Its principal purpose was to be the strategic governance of the London Fire Brigade. The members of LFEPA were appointed annually by the Mayor of London and were nominated from the London Assembly and the London borough councils. There were two direct mayoral appointments to the authority from 2008, following the Greater London Authority Act 2007. It was abolished in April 2018 and replaced with the London Fire Commissioner, following the Policing and Crime Act 2017.

London Fire Commissioner
The London Fire Commissioner (LFC) is a functional body of the Greater London Authority, with responsibility for the governance of the London Fire Brigade. It is a corporation sole and is the fire authority of Greater London. It replaced the London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority on 1 April 2018.
Aisha Gaddafi
Aisha Gaddafi (Arabic: عائشة القذافي, romanized: ʿĀʾiša al-Qaḏḏāfī; born December 24, 1977), also known as Ayesha Gaddafi, is a Libyan former mediator and military official, former UN Goodwill ambassador, and lawyer by profession.

She is the fifth child and only biological daughter of former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi from his second wife Safia Farkash.

Safia Farkash
Safia Farkash Gaddafi (Arabic: صفية فركاش القذافي; née Farkash; born 2 May 1952) is a Libyan businesswoman. As the widow of former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, she is the former First Lady of Libya and Representative of Sirte, and the mother of seven of Gaddafi's eight biological children, some of whom participated in his regime.