hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Christian Social Party (Austria)
The Christian Social Party (German: Christlichsoziale Partei, CS or CSP) was a major conservative political party in the Cisleithanian crown lands of Austria-Hungary and under the First Austrian Republic, from 1891 to 1934. The party was affiliated with Austrian nationalism that sought to keep Catholic Austria out of the State of Germany founded in 1871, which it viewed as Protestant and Prussian-dominated; it identified Austrians on the basis of their predominantly Catholic religious identity as opposed to the predominantly Protestant religious identity of the Prussians.

First Austrian Republic
The First Austrian Republic (German: Erste Österreichische Republik), officially the Republic of Austria, was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 10 September 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I which ended the Habsburg rump state of Republic of German-Austria—and ended with the establishment of the authoritarian Federal State of Austria based upon a dictatorship of Engelbert Dollfuss and the Fatherland Front in 1934. The Republic's constitution was enacted on 1 October 1920 and amended on 7 December 1929. The republican period was increasingly marked by violent strife between those with left-wing and right-wing views, leading to the July Revolt of 1927 and the Austrian Civil War of 1934.
Volker Wissing
Volker Wissing (born 22 April 1970) is a German lawyer and former judge who served as the Minister for Transport in the federal government of Chancellor Olaf Scholz from 2021 to 2025 and as Minister of Justice from 2024 to 2025.

Wissing was previously the Deputy Minister-President of Rhineland-Palatinate in the state government under Minister-President Malu Dreyer from 2016 to 2021 and a member of the German Bundestag from 2004 to 2013. He was the general secretary of the Free Democratic Party from 2020 to 2022. Wissing declared his resignation from the party on 7 November 2024 in order to remain part of the Scholz cabinet in the wake of the 2024 German government crisis. Following the resignation of Marco Buschmann, he also assumed the office of Minister of Justice. The German federal election in February 2025 was a snap election. The FDP got 4.3 % of the votes and missed the Five percent hurdle.

Marco Buschmann
Marco Buschmann (born 1 August 1977) is a German lawyer and politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) who served as Federal Minister of Justice in Chancellor Olaf Scholz's cabinet from 2021 to November 2024. He served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of North Rhine-Westphalia from 2009 to 2013 and again since 2017 to 2025.
Geisiškės
Geisiškės is a village located near Kernavė town in the Vilnius District Municipality. According to the census of 2011, the village has a population of 286, an increase from 248, counted by the 2001 census. Most of the inhabitants of Geisiškės are of Ukrainian descent. Together with the nearby Airėnai I and Airėnai II villages, it forms an Eastern Orthodox enclave in a Catholic countryside.

Vilnius District Municipality
Vilnius District Municipality (Lithuanian: Vilniaus rajono savivaldybė) is one of the 60 municipalities in Lithuania. It surrounds the capital city of Vilnius on three sides. The municipality is also bordered by Trakai district and Elektrėnai municipality in the west, Astravyets and Ashmyany districts of Belarus in the east, Širvintos, Molėtai and Švenčionys districts in the north and Šalčininkai district in the south.

The population of the district is one of the fastest growing in Lithuania because of the migration of Vilnius' inhabitants to the suburbs. It stood at 116,584 in January 2024, up from 84 thousand in the early 1990s, meaning an increase by more than a third in less than 30 years.
Dubravlag
The Dubravny Camp, Special Camp No.3 (Дубравный лагерь, Особый лагерь № 3), commonly known as the Dubravlag (Russian: Дубравлаг), was a Gulag labor camp of the Soviet Union located in Yavas, Mordovia from 1948 to 2005.

The Dubravlag was founded as one of several Gulag special camps in the Mordovian ASSR for political prisoners with a large population of Soviet dissidents. The Dubravlag became a corrective labor camp (ITL) in 1954 and part of the regular Soviet penitentiary system after the Gulag system was dissolved in 1960. The Dubravlag was operated by Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 until it was converted into a prison of the Federal Penitentiary Service in 2005.

MVD special camp
MVD special camps of the Gulag (Russian: Особые лагеря МВД, особлаги, osobye lagerya, osoblags) was a system of special labor camps established addressing the February 21, 1948 decree 416—159сс of the USSR Council of Ministers of February 28 decree 00219 of the Soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs exclusively for a "special contingent" of political prisoners, convicted according to the more severe sub-articles of Article 58 (Enemies of people): treason, espionage, terrorism, etc., for various political opponents, such as Trotskyists, nationalists, and white émigrés, etc. 
It was forbidden to keep other types of convicts in these camps.
Sunninghill and Ascot
Sunninghill and Ascot is a civil parish in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead and takes up most of the south-east corner of the English county of Berkshire. It covers the town of Ascot, and the village of Sunninghill including the neighbourhoods Cheapside and South Ascot. As well as part of the village of North Ascot.

Cheapside, Berkshire
Cheapside is a hamlet in the civil parish of Sunninghill and Ascot and ecclesiastical parish of Sunninghill in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead in Berkshire, England which includes a primary school and had a Methodist chapel. It is a cluster of houses, bungalows and cottages.  It is marked on maps as the area north and east of Silwood Park and south of Sunninghill Park. Harewood Lodge followed by Titness House to its immediate east are of similar 18th century construction and have sometimes been recorded as in the Cheapside area. To the east, there is the B383 road that provides routes to the local villages of Cranbourne, Sunningdale and Chobham.
Granville William Chetwynd Stapylton
Granville William Chetwynd Stapylton (1800–1840) was a pioneer explorer and surveyor in Australia.

In 1839, Stapylton was one of the three surveyors (the other two being Robert Dixon and James Warner) sent by New South Wales Governor George Gipps to the Moreton Bay penal colony, arriving on the Sarah Jane. Their first task was to make a coastal survey of Moreton Bay and then to survey Brisbane and the surrounding districts in preparation for the closure of the penal colony and the opening of the area for free settlement in 1842.

He was killed on 31 May 1840 by Aboriginal people while surveying, 14 miles (23 km) east of Mount Lindesay.

Robert Dixon (explorer)
Robert Harald Lindsay Dixon (1800–1858) was an Australian surveyor and explorer, born in Cockfield, County Durham, England. Dixon is credited with having first surveyed and named a number of areas along the East Coast of Australia.
DD cream
DD cream is a marketing term that followed the invention of BB creams and CC creams, and it often stands for dynamic do-all or daily defense. There is no quantifiable definition of a DD cream that distinguishes it from BB or CC creams.

Its definition in fashion media channels varies: for example, it is sometimes described as a BB/CC hybrid with additional anti-aging properties, or as combining "the protection properties of a BB cream and the colour correcting properties of a CC cream."

Like BB and CC creams, DD creams contain SPF, anti-aging, and moisturizing ingredients, and differences between them and the BB and CC variants differ from brand to brand.

CC cream
CC cream is a South Korean marketing term coined in the wake of the marketing term Blemish Balm cream or Beauty Balm.   "CC cream" originally created in South Korea is used by some brands to mean Color Control cream, or Color Correcting cream, and some brands claim to reduce the appearance of skin redness or sallowness or to improve uneven skin tone. BB creams and CC creams are both tinted moisturizers containing sun protection. BB (Blemish Balm) cream was originally formulated in Germany and then further developed in South Korea and has gained popularity across the rest of Asia, and in recent years is also gaining popularity in Europe and North America.

Coverage can vary greatly among the different brands, and differences are more often than not minimal when compared to BB creams. Some users apply them as primers rather than as a replacement for foundation. Most cosmetics companies offer both BB- and CC-creams.
RBL 7-inch Armstrong gun
The Armstrong RBL 7-inch gun, also known as the 110-pounder, was a heavy caliber Armstrong gun, an early type of rifled breechloader.

William Armstrong's innovative combination of a rifled built-up gun with breechloading had proven suitable for small cannon. When it was applied to a 7-inch gun, it proved that the pressure caused by the explosive charge that was required to propel a 110-pound shot was too much for his breechloading system.

Armstrong gun
An Armstrong gun was a type of rifled breech-loading field and heavy artillery piece designed by Sir William Armstrong. It was first manufactured in England starting in 1855 by the Elswick Ordnance Company and the Royal Arsenal at Woolwich. The Armstrong gun employed a distinctive built-up gun construction method. The core of the gun consisted of a wrought iron (and later, mild steel) inner tube, which was reinforced by a series of wrought-iron coils shrunk over it. This design kept the inner tube under constant compression, increasing its strength and resistance to internal pressure generated during firing.
Armstrong Siddeley Lynx
The Armstrong Siddeley Lynx is a British seven-cylinder aero engine developed by Armstrong Siddeley.  It was developed as a single row version of the two-row Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar. Testing began in 1920 and 6,000 had been produced by 1939. In Italy Alfa Romeo built a 200 horsepower (150 kW) licensed version of this engine named the Alfa Romeo Lynx.

Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar
The Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar is an aircraft engine developed by Armstrong Siddeley. The Jaguar was a petrol-fuelled air-cooled 14-cylinder two-row radial engine design.  The Jaguar III was first used in 1923, followed in 1925 by the Jaguar IV and in 1927 by the Jaguar VI. In 1925 the Jaguar became the first production aero engine incorporating a geared supercharger.
Music of Tuvalu
The traditional music of Tuvalu consists of dances, including fatele, fakanau and fakaseasea. The influence of the Samoan missionaries sent to Tuvalu by the London Missionary Society from the 1860s resulted in the suppression of songs about the traditional religions or magic and many songs were lost. As the influence of the missionaries diminished in the 20th century the traditional dances were revived and the siva dance tradition from Samoa also became popular.

Te titi tao is a traditional skirt placed upon another skirt - a titi kaulama - and tops (teuga saka), headbands, armbands, and wristbands continue to be used in performances of the fatele.

Te Vaka, an Oceanic music group, contains Tuvaluans and musicians with Tuvaluan ancestry; Te Vaka performs original contemporary Pacific music or "South Pacific Fusion".

Fakanau
A fakanau (meaning "spells") is a traditional Tuvaluan male dance, accompanied by singing and rhythmic clapping.

Fakanau singing and dancing are typical of Niutao and Nukufetau islands of Tuvalu, formerly known as the Ellice Islands, a group of nine low-lying coral islands in the central Pacific that are inhabited by Polynesian people. Fakanau is described as having "a tune that is between speech and singing [which] was performed while dancers are standing on their feet." Examples include Te onge ne tupu ia Kiollli, Neutuakina te vao i napanapa, and Ko na fakanau nei e kamata ifo mai gauta oi fakaholo atu ai ki gatai kafai te vaka e hoho ifo ki gatai. Other dances within the genre include the mako, the fakaseasea, the fatele, the lue, the sea, and the oga.
The Swineherd
"The Swineherd" (Danish: Svinedrengen) is a literary fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen about a prince who disguises himself as a swineherd to win an arrogant princess. The tale was first published December 20, 1841 by C. A. Reitzel in Copenhagen, Denmark in Fairy Tales Told for Children. New Collection. Third Booklet (Eventyr, fortalte for Børn. Ny Samling. Tredie Hefte). The tale appears to be original with Andersen though similar tales are known. "The Swineherd" has been adapted to other media.

Fairy Tales Told for Children. New Collection
Fairy Tales Told for Children. New Collection (Danish: Eventyr, fortalte for Børn. Ny Samling) is a collection of ten fairy tales by Hans Christian Andersen. The tales were published in a series of three installments by C. A. Reitzel in Copenhagen, Denmark between October 1838 and December 1841.
As-Salih Ismail al-Malik
Abu al-Fath Ismail bin Nur al-Din Mahmud bin Imad al-Din bin Aq Sunqur al-Zangi (Arabic: أبو الفتوح إسماعيل بن نور الدين محمود بن عماد الدين بن آق سنقر الزنكي) commonly known as As-Salih Ismaʿil al-Malik (Arabic: الصالح إسماعيل) (Full name:  (1163–1181) was the Zengid emir of Damascus and emir of Aleppo in 1174, the son of Nur ad-Din.

Zengid dynasty
The Zengid dynasty was a Turkoman Sunni Muslim dynasty of Seljuk mamluk origin. Initially an Atabegate of the Seljuk Empire created in 1127, it ruled parts of the Levant and Upper Mesopotamia, and eventually seized control of Fatimid Egypt in 1169. Imad ad-Din Zengi was the first ruler of the dynasty. In 1174, the Zengid state extended from Tripoli to Hamadan and from Yemen to Sivas, as it also included the Egyptian territories held by Saladin as governor in the name of Nur al-Din Zengi.

The Zengid Atabegate became famous in the Islamic world for its successes against the Crusaders, and for being the Atabegate from which Saladin originated. Following the demise of the Seljuk dynasty in 1194, the Zengids persisted for several decades as one of the "Seljuk successor-states" until 1250.
Deputy Emir of Qatar
The deputy emir of the State of Qatar (Arabic: نائب دولة قطر) is the heir presumptive to the emir of Qatar.

The Constitution of Qatar published in 2005 dictates that the rule is hereditary and limited to descendants of Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani. The order of succession in Qatar is determined by appointments within the House of Al Thani.

They are members of the House of Al Thani, whose origins are in the Banu Tamim, one of the largest tribes in the Arabian Peninsula. The present ruler is Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, who succeeded on 25 June 2013.

On 11 November 2014, Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani appointed his half brother Abdullah to the post of deputy emir, unofficially making him heir to the throne of Qatar. Emir Tamim is one day expected to appoint one of his own sons as crown prince.

Emir of Qatar
The Emir of the State of Qatar (Arabic: أمير دولة قطر) is the monarch and head of state of Qatar. The emir is also the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces and guarantor of the constitution. The emir holds the most powerful position in the country, controlling all branches of state power, and has a prominent role in foreign relations.

The emirs are members of the House of Thani (Al Thani), whose origins are in the Banu Tamim, one of the largest tribes in the Arabian Peninsula. The current ruler is Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, who succeeded on 25 June 2013.
Layered double hydroxides
Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are a class of ionic solids characterized by a layered structure with the generic layer sequence [AcB Z AcB]n, where c represents positively charged layers of metal cations, A and B are layers of hydroxide (OH−) anions, and Z are interlayers filled by various anions (ensuring the electroneutrality of the system) and neutral molecules such as water.  Lateral offsets between the layers may result in longer repeating periods.

The intercalated anions (Z) are weakly electrostatically bound, often exchangeable; their intercalation properties have scientific interest and industrial applications.

LDHs occur in nature as minerals, as byproducts of the metabolism of certain bacteria, and also unintentionally in man-made contexts (e.g., archaeological sites), such as the products of corrosion of metallic artefacts.

Hydroxide
Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH−. It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a single covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge. It is an important but usually minor constituent of water. It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile, and a catalyst. The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions. Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.
The corresponding electrically neutral compound HO• is the hydroxyl radical. The corresponding covalently bound group −OH of atoms is the hydroxy group.
Both the hydroxide ion and hydroxy group are nucleophiles and can act as catalysts in organic chemistry.

Many inorganic substances which bear the word hydroxide in their names are not ionic compounds of the hydroxide ion, but covalent compounds which contain hydroxy groups.
MGM Holdings
MGM Holdings, Inc. (sometimes legally referred to in full as Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Holdings, Inc. in official documents) was an American holding company based in Beverly Hills, California. It was launched on February 11, 2005 by a creditor-oriented consortium, and is the former parent company of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (from which the "MGM" initials were coined). Technology company Amazon acquired the company on March 17, 2022 and later merged it with its Amazon Studios subsidiary on October 3, 2023, forming Amazon MGM Studios.

Amazon MGM Studios
Amazon MGM Studios is an American film and television production and distribution company owned by Amazon, and headquartered at the Culver Studios complex in Culver City, California. Launched in November 2010 as Amazon Studios, the company adopted its name in October 2023 after its merger with MGM Holdings, which Amazon had acquired the year prior.

Productions from the studio are primarily distributed through theaters and Amazon's own streaming media service, Amazon Prime Video.

Alongside Amazon Prime Video, the company constitutes one half of Amazon's membership in the Motion Picture Association (MPA), which it joined in October 2024.
Monogram (company)
Monogram is an American brand and former manufacturing company of scale plastic models of cars, aircraft, spacecraft, ships, and military vehicles since the early 1950s. The company was formed by two former employees of Comet Kits, Jack Besser and Bob Reder.

Mattel acquired Monogram in 1968, and the firm passed through various owners and was merged with Revell, the combined company being bought by Hobbico in 2007. Along with Revell, AMT, and MPC, Monogram is sometimes called one of the traditional "Big 4" in plastic modeling.

Revell
Revell GmbH is an American-origin manufacturer of plastic scale models, currently based in Bünde, Germany. The original Revell company merged with Monogram in 1986, becoming "Revell-Monogram". The business operated until 2007, when American Revell was purchased by Hobbico, while the German subsidiary "Revell Plastics GmbH" (established in 1956) had separated from the American firm in 2006 until Hobbico purchased it in 2012, bringing the two back together again under the same company umbrella. After the Hobbico demise in 2018, Quantum Capital Partners (QCP) acquired Revell.

Some of the scale products manufactured and commercialized by Revell are cars, aircraft, ships, and commercial vehicles.
2/5th Field Regiment
The 2/5th Field Regiment was an Australian Army artillery regiment formed in May 1940 as part of the Second Australian Imperial Force for service during World War II. Assigned to the 7th Division, the regiment undertook defensive duties in Egypt during the North African campaign in early 1941, before taking part in the Syria–Lebanon campaign. Occupation duties followed before the regiment was brought back to Australia in early 1942, in response to Japan's entry into the war. The regiment subsequently fought two significant battles in New Guinea in 1942–1943 at Milne Bay and Buna before undertaking garrison duties around Port Moresby until early 1944. Withdrawn to Australia, the regiment's final campaign came late in the war when it was committed to the Borneo campaign, taking part landing at Balikpapan. The regiment was disbanded in early 1946.

7th Division (Australia)
The 7th Division was an infantry division of the Australian Army. It was formed in February 1940 to serve in World War II, as part of the Second Australian Imperial Force (2nd AIF). The division was raised on the British establishment of nine infantry battalions per division and consisted of two new brigades and three of the original 12 battalions of the 6th Division forming the third brigade. The division is sometimes known by the nickname "The Silent Seventh", due to a perception that its achievements were unrecognised, in comparison to the other Australian divisions. The origin of this belief appears to be censorship of the part played by the 7th Division in the fierce fighting in the 1941 Syria-Lebanon campaign. The 7th Division along with the 6th and 9th Australian Divisions were the only divisions to serve in both the Middle East and the South West Pacific Area. It was disbanded in 1946, following the end of the war.
Cambray, New Mexico
Cambray is a locality in eastern Luna County, New Mexico at an elevation of 4,219 feet (1,286 m). It is located one mile west of the Doña Ana county line. Cambray was first a water stop on the Southern Pacific Railroad, then a stop along U.S. Route 70 and U.S. Route 80. When the highway was realigned in 1956, Cambray slowly fell into decline and became a ghost town.

U.S. Route 80 in New Mexico
U.S. Route 80 (US 80) was a major transcontinental highway in the U.S. state of New Mexico from November 11, 1926, to October 12, 1991. Nationally, US 80 stretched from San Diego, California to Tybee Island, Georgia, going through southern New Mexico from El Paso, Texas, through the towns of Las Cruces, Deming and Lordsburg before entering Arizona. US 80 was a modest 191 miles (307 km) long (compared to US 80 in Arizona which was almost 500 miles (800 km) long) and was eventually replaced by Interstate 10 leading to the complete removal of US 80 in New Mexico. State Road 80 is a remnant of this route.
Chuck Andrus
Charles Edmund Andrus Jr., best known as Chuck Andrus (November 17, 1928 – June 12, 1997) was an American jazz double-bassist.

Andrus was born in Holyoke, Massachusetts, raised in New England, and studied at the Manhattan School of Music. In the late 1940s he formed his own ensemble in Springfield, Massachusetts which included Sal Salvador and Phil Woods. He played with Charlie Barnet in 1953, then with Claude Thornhill through the middle of the decade. While with Thornhill he met Terry Gibbs, and the two frequently played and recorded together in subsequent years. As a freelance musician in New York, Andrus worked with Don Stratton, Bernard Peiffer, and Jim Chapin; he also recorded extensively with Woody Herman.

Jim Chapin
James Forbes Chapin (/ˈtʃeɪpɪn/ CHAY-pin) (July 23, 1919 – July 4, 2009) was an American jazz drummer and the author of books about jazz drumming. He is in the Percussive Arts Society Hall of Fame and was posthumously inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 2011.