hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kishan Singh of Kishangarh
Raja Kishan Singh (28 April 1575 – May 1615) was the first Rathore Rajput ruler of Kishangarh and younger son of Mota Raja Udai Singh of Marwar Kingdom and the founder of Kishangarh and the eponymous Kishangarh State.

Udai Singh of Marwar
Udai Singh (Udai Singh Rathore; 13 January 1538 – 10 July 1595) was the Rathore ruler (r.  1583 – 95) of Marwar, which was later known as Jodhpur (in the present-day Rajasthan state of India). He was also the maternal grandfather of Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal Emperor, and an ancestor of all subsequent emperors.
San Dieguito Lagoon State Marine Conservation Area
San Dieguito Lagoon State Marine Conservation Area (SMCA) is a marine protected area near Del Mar in San Diego County on California’s south coast.

The SMCA covers a small area of coastal and inland lagoon habitat. It protects marine life by limiting the removal of marine wildlife from within its borders. It prohibits take of all living marine resources except recreational take of finfish by hook-and-line from shore and the Grand Avenue bridge. Boating, swimming, wading, and diving are prohibited within the conservation area.

Del Mar, California
Del Mar (Spanish pronunciation: [del ˈmaɾ]; Spanish for "Of the Sea") is a beach city in San Diego County, California, United States, located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean. Established in 1885 as a seaside resort, the city was incorporated in 1959. The population was 3,954 at the 2020 census, down from 4,161 at the 2010 census.

The San Diego County Fair is an annual fair held at the Del Mar Fairgrounds. Horse racing is hosted at the Del Mar Racetrack every summer.
MellowHigh
MellowHigh was an American hip hop supergroup. It consisted of rapper Hodgy and producer Left Brain of MellowHype, and rapper Domo Genesis, all members of the hip-hop collective Odd Future. They have released one eponymous studio album in 2013.

MellowHype
MellowHype was an American hip-hop duo from Los Angeles, California, that consisted of rapper-producer Hodgy (Gerard Long) and producer-rapper Left Brain (Vyron Turner). Both were members of hip-hop collective Odd Future. They have released two studio albums, which both charted on the Billboard 200 albums chart, and four mixtapes.
Phymatodocis
Phymatodocis is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Desmidiaceae. It is a rare genus, usually found in acidic, oligotrophic freshwater habitats. They are mostly restricted to the tropics and subtropics, but one species is found in temperate North America.

Desmidiaceae
The Desmidiaceae are one of four families of charophyte green algae in the order Desmidiales (desmids). Desmids in the family Desmidiaceae consist of single-celled (sometimes filamentous or colonial), microscopic green algae. Because they are highly symmetrical, attractive, and come in a diversity of forms, they are popular subjects for microscopists, both amateur and professional.

Within the desmids (Desmidiales), Desmidiaceae contains tens of genera and thousands of species, making it by far the largest family. Desmidiaceae includes some of the largest and most complex desmid genera, such as Micrasterias, Cosmarium, Staurastrum, and Euastrum.
Albin Countergambit
The Albin Countergambit is a chess opening that begins with the moves:

1. d4 d5

2. c4 e5

and the usual continuation is:

3. dxe5 d4

The opening is a gambit and an uncommon response to the Queen's Gambit. In exchange for the sacrificed pawn, Black has a central wedge at d4 and gets some chances for an attack. Often White will try to return the pawn at an opportune moment to gain a positional advantage.

In the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings the Albin Countergambit is assigned codes D08 and D09.

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
Karl Freiherr Michel von Tüßling
Karl Richard Freiherr Michel von Tüßling  (27 July 1907 – 30 October 1991) was a German Schutzstaffel (SS) officer who served in the Nazi government of dictator Adolf Hitler, in the staff of the Reichsführer SS and in the staff of the SS Main Office. From 1936 onwards, he also was the personal adjutant of Reichsleiter and SS-Obergruppenführer Philipp Bouhler, who was in charge of Hitler's Chancellery (Kanzlei des Führers), head of the euthanasia programme Aktion T4, as well as co-initiator of Aktion 14f13. In 1947 Tüßling provided an affidavit in defence of war criminal Viktor Brack who was sentenced to death at the Nuremberg trials.

Philipp Bouhler
Philipp Bouhler (11 September 1899 – 19 May 1945) was a German senior Nazi Party functionary who was both a Reichsleiter (National Leader) and Chief of the Chancellery of the Führer of the NSDAP. He was also the SS official responsible for the Aktion T4 euthanasia program that killed more than 250,000 disabled adults and children in Nazi Germany, as well as co-initiator of Aktion 14f13, also called Sonderbehandlung ('special treatment'), that killed 15,000–20,000 concentration camp prisoners.

Bouhler was arrested on 10 May 1945 by American troops. He took his own life nine days later in the U.S. internment camp at Zell am See in Austria.
Henry Winstanley
Henry Winstanley (31 March 1644 – 27 November 1703) was an English painter, engineer, and merchant who constructed the first Eddystone Lighthouse after losing two of his ships on the Eddystone rocks. He died while working on the project during the Great Storm of 1703.

Great storm of 1703
The Great storm of 1703 was a destructive extratropical cyclone that struck south Wales and central and southern England on 26 November 1703. High winds caused 2,000 chimney stacks to collapse in London and damaged the New Forest, which lost 4,000 oaks. Ships were blown hundreds of miles off-course, and over 1,000 seamen died on the Goodwin Sands alone. News bulletins of casualties and damage were sold all over England and Wales – a novelty at that time. The Church of England declared that the storm was God's vengeance for the sins of the nation.
DREAM Act
The Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors Act, known as the DREAM Act, is a United States legislative proposal that would grant temporary conditional residency, with the right to work, to qualified applicants following illegal immigration to the United States as minors—and, if they later satisfy further qualifications, they would attain permanent residency.

In April 2001, United States senators Dick Durbin (D-Illinois) and Orrin Hatch (R-Utah) first introduced the bill in the Senate as S. 1291, but it did not pass. The proposal has since been reintroduced several times, and approved by a majority in the House and in the Senate, but not by sufficient margins as of 2024.

Orrin Hatch
Orrin Grant Hatch (March 22, 1934 – April 23, 2022) was an American attorney and politician who served as a United States senator from Utah from 1977 to 2019. Hatch's 42-year Senate tenure made him the longest-serving Republican U.S. senator in history, overtaking Ted Stevens, until Chuck Grassley surpassed him in 2023.

Hatch chaired the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions from 1981 to 1987. He served as chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee from 1995 to 2001 and from 2003 to 2005. On January 3, 2015, after the 114th United States Congress was sworn in, he became president pro tempore of the Senate. He was chair of the Senate Finance Committee from 2015 to 2019, and led efforts to pass the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.
Yisrael Poliakov
Yisrael  "Poli" Poliakov (Hebrew: ישראל פוליאקוב‎; 7 July 1941 – 30 October 2007) was an Israeli comedian and actor. Poliakov was born in Jerusalem, and grew up in Tel Aviv. He became one of the three members of the Israeli comedy group, HaGashash HaHiver (The Pale Tracker).

Yael Poliakov
Yael Poliakov (Hebrew: יעל פוליאקוב; born 14 March 1977), is an Israeli actress, comedian, television presenter and screenwriter.

She is the daughter of Israeli actor Yisrael Poliakov and actress Shosh Poliakov.
Datagram
A datagram is a basic transfer unit associated with a packet-switched network. Datagrams are typically structured in header and payload sections. Datagrams provide a connectionless communication service across a packet-switched network. The delivery, arrival time, and order of arrival of datagrams need not be guaranteed by the network.

Connectionless communication
Connectionless communication, often referred to as CL-mode communication, is a data transmission method used in packet switching networks, using data packets that are frequently called datagrams, in which each data packet is individually addressed and routed based on information carried in each packet, rather than in the setup information of a prearranged, fixed data channel as in connection-oriented communication. Connectionless protocols are usually described as stateless protocols, the Internet Protocol (IP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are examples.
Whitebait
Whitebait is a collective term for the immature fry of fish, typically between 25 and 50 millimetres (1 and 2 in) long. Such young fish often travel together in schools along coasts, and move into estuaries and sometimes up rivers where they can be easily caught using fine-meshed fishing nets. Whitebaiting is the activity of catching whitebait.

Individual whitebait are tender and edible. The entire fish is eaten — including head, fins, bones, and bowels. Some species make better eating than others, and the particular species that are marketed as "whitebait" vary in different parts of the world.

As whitebait consists of immature fry of many important food species (such as herring, sprat, sardines, mackerel, bass and many others) it is not an ecologically viable foodstuff and several countries impose strict controls on harvesting.

Juvenile fish
Fish go through various  life stages between fertilization and adulthood. The life of fish start as spawned eggs which hatch into immotile larvae. These larval hatchlings are not yet capable of feeding themselves and carry a yolk sac which provides stored nutrition. Before the yolk sac completely disappears, the young fish must mature enough to be able to forage independently.  When they have developed to the point where they are capable of feeding by themselves, the fish are called fry.  When, in addition, they have developed scales and working fins, the transition to a juvenile fish is complete and it is called a fingerling, so called as they are typically about the size of human fingers. The juvenile stage lasts until the fish is fully grown, sexually mature and interacting with other adult fish.
Iowa Highway 144
Iowa Highway 144 (Iowa 144) is a state highway in central Iowa. The highway has a length of 34 miles (55 km) and runs in a north–south direction.  It begins in Perry at an intersection with Iowa Highway 141, while it ends at an intersection with Iowa Highway 175 between Gowrie and Harcourt.

Iowa Highway 175
Iowa Highway 175 (Iowa 175) is a main east–west route in the northern portion of the state.  The highway has a length of 221 miles (356 km). Iowa Highway 175 enters the state by a Missouri River crossing between Decatur, Nebraska and Onawa.  The highway continues westward as Nebraska Highway 51.  Iowa 175's eastern terminus is at a T intersection with U.S. Highway 63 (US 63) in southwestern Black Hawk County.

Despite Iowa 175's length, it only passes through small communities.  The largest city on the route is Onawa, whose 2020 census population was 2,906.
Fraser Institute
The Fraser Institute is a conservative Canadian public policy think tank registered as a charity. It is headquartered in Vancouver, with additional offices in Calgary, Toronto, and Montreal. It has links to think tanks worldwide through the Economic Freedom Network and is a member of the free-market Atlas Network.

In 2020, the University of Pennsylvania's Center for Think Tanks' Global Go To Think Tank Index Report ranked Fraser 14th on its "Top Think Tanks Worldwide" listing, and 1st on its list of "Top Think Tanks in Mexico and Canada".

Atlas Network
Atlas Network, formerly known as Atlas Economic Research Foundation, is a non-governmental 501(c)(3) organization based in the United States that provides training, networking, and grants for libertarian, free-market, and conservative groups around the world.

Atlas Network was founded in 1981 by Antony Fisher, a British entrepreneur, who wanted to connect various think tanks via a global network. Described as "a think tank that creates think tanks", the organization partners with nearly 600 organizations in over 100 countries.
Langangen Church
Langangen Church (Norwegian: Langangen kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Porsgrunn Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Langangen. It is one of the churches for the Eidanger parish which is part of the Skien prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1891 using plans drawn up by the architect Haldor Larsen Børve. The church seats about 150 people.

Haldor Børve
Haldor Larsen Børve (19 August 1857 – 11 August 1933) was an architect from Ullensvang Municipality in Hordaland county, Norway. Børve started an architectural practice in Porsgrunn in 1889 and designed numerous buildings in Telemark and Vestfold counties, many of them influenced by Dragestil and the Nordic National Romantic style. Among his best-known works are Dalen Hotel from 1894 and Porsgrunn City Hall from 1904/1905.
Nola (rhinoceros)
Nola (August 21, 1974 – November 22, 2015) was a northern white rhinoceros who lived at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park near Escondido, California, United States. At her death, she was one of only four of her subspecies overall. She was outlived by male Sudan and females Najin and Fatu.

Northern white rhinoceros
The northern white rhinoceros or northern white rhino (Ceratotherium simum cottoni) is one of two subspecies of the white rhinoceros (the other being the southern white rhinoceros). This subspecies is a grazer in grasslands and savanna woodlands. Formerly found in several countries in East and Central Africa south of the Sahara, since 19 March 2018, there are only two known rhinos of this subspecies left, named Najin and Fatu, both of which are female; barring the existence of unknown or misclassified male northern white rhinos elsewhere in Africa, this makes the subspecies functionally extinct. The two female rhinos belong to the Dvůr Králové Zoo in the Czech Republic but live in the Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya where they are protected by armed guards.

According to the latest International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) assessment from 2020, the subspecies is considered "Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct in the Wild)."
Production–possibility frontier
In microeconomics, a production–possibility frontier (PPF), production-possibility curve (PPC), or production-possibility boundary (PPB) is a graphical representation showing all the possible quantities of outputs that can be produced using all factors of production, where the given resources are fully and efficiently utilized per unit time. A PPF illustrates several economic concepts, such as allocative efficiency, economies of scale, opportunity cost (or marginal rate of transformation), productive efficiency,  and scarcity of resources (the fundamental economic problem that all societies face).

This tradeoff is usually considered for an economy, but also applies to each individual, household, and economic organization. One good can only be produced by diverting resources from other goods, and so by producing less of them.

Allocative efficiency
Allocative efficiency is a state of the economy in which production is aligned with the preferences of consumers and producers; in particular, the set of outputs is chosen so as to maximize the social welfare of society. This is achieved if every produced good or service has a marginal benefit equal to or greater than the marginal cost of production.
Pitsj
Pitsj (founded 1999 in Oslo, Norway) is a female Norwegian a cappella quintet. The band consists of Anine and Benedikte Kruse, the twin sisters Ane Carmen and Ida Roggen, and Anja Eline Skybakmoen (who replaced Tora Augestad when she left Pitsj in 2007).

Anine Kruse
Anine Susanne Kruse Skatrud (born 1 November 1977) is a Norwegian musician and choral conductor, the daughter of Professor of Music Gro Shetelig and the composer Bjørn Kruse, sister of actress and singers Jannike and Benedikte Kruse, and married to trombonist and bandleader Even Skatrud Andersen.
Königsstuhl (horse)
Königsstuhl (17 May 1976 – 1995) was a German thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In 1979 he won the German Triple Crown and is the first horse that won all the races necessary for this crown. Since 1979 no other horse has won the crown. In addition to racing success, he was named German horse of 1979 and was German champion sire in 1988 and 1994.

Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing
The Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, often shortened to Triple Crown, is a series of horse races for Thoroughbreds, often restricted to three-year-olds. Winning all three of these Thoroughbred horse races is considered the greatest accomplishment in Thoroughbred racing. The term originated in mid-19th-century England and nations where Thoroughbred racing is popular, each having their own Triple Crown series.
Silvina Bosco
Silvina Bosco was an Argentine actress.

She worked in television in series including Chiquititas, and appeared in Argentine films including Buenos Aires me mata (1998), La Fuga, Animalada and The Notice of the Day (2001), and Apasionados in 2002.

In 2004 she appeared in the films: Conversaciones con mamá and Whisky Romeo Zulu.

The Notice of the Day
The Notice of the Day (Spanish: Arregui, La Noticia del Día) is a 2001 Argentine comedy-drama film directed and written by María Victoria Menis with Diana Iceruk. The film, which premiered on 2 August 2001 in Buenos Aires, stars Enrique Pinti and Carmen Maura. Maura was nominated for a Silver Condor Award for Best Actress in 2002 for her role in the film.
No. 5 Operational Training Unit RAAF
No. 5 Operational Training Unit was an operational training unit (OTU) of the Royal Australian Air Force. It was formed at Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, in October 1942 to train  pilots and navigators for service in World War II. The unit  was initially equipped with Bristol Beauforts and Beaufighters, and later received Douglas Bostons and de Havilland Mosquitos, among other types. No. 5 OTU was transferred to Tocumwal in October 1943, and then to Williamtown in mid-1944. It was reorganised as a fighter conversion unit flying P-51 Mustangs and CAC Wirraways in February 1946, and disbanded in July 1947.

No. 5 OTU was re-raised at Williamtown in April 1970 as a jet fighter conversion unit, equipped with CAC Sabres, de Havilland Vampires, and Macchi MB-326s. It ceased operations in July the following year, when the Sabre was retired from service.

CAC Sabre
The CAC Sabre, sometimes known as the Avon Sabre or CA-27, is an Australian variant of the North American Aviation F-86F Sabre fighter aircraft. The F-86F was redesigned and built by the Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation (CAC). Equipping five Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) squadrons, the type saw action in the Malayan Emergency in the late 1950s and was employed for air defence in Malaysia and Thailand in the 1960s. Ex-RAAF models also saw service with the Royal Malaysian Air Force and the Indonesian Air Force.
Nollie
In skateboarding, a nollie, short for "nose ollie", is an ollie executed at the front of the board while the rider is positioned in their natural stance. Professional skateboarders Karl Watson, Shuriken Shannon, Tuukka Korhonen, and Sean Malto have been recognized for their ability to perform the nollie trick. A nollie can be easily confused with a fakie ollie, whereby the rider uses their original foot position but is instead riding backwards ("fakie" is the skateboard term for riding in a backwards direction, in your usual stance, while riding the opposite of your usual stance is referred to as "switch").

Ollie (skateboarding)
The ollie is a skateboarding trick where the rider and board leap into the air without the use of the rider's hands. It is the combination of stomping (also known as popping) the tail of the skateboard off the ground to get the board mostly vertical, jumping, and sliding the front foot forward to level out the skateboard at the peak of the jump.

The ollie is a fundamental skill in skateboarding. Ollies are necessary to leap onto, over, or off of obstacles. As most flip tricks depend on it, the ollie is often the first skill to be learned by a new skateboarder and typically takes considerable practice to master.
Koç Holding
Koç Holding A.Ş. (Turkish pronunciation: [kotʃ]) is a Turkish multinational industrial conglomerate headquartered in Istanbul, Turkey. It operates as the country's largest company, and is listed on Fortune Global 500 as of 2024. Koç Holding's contributions make up to 7% of Turkey's overall exports. The company is controlled by the Koç family, one of Turkey's wealthiest families.

Founded in 1926 by Vehbi Koç, it is regarded as one of the pioneering actors in the industrialization of Turkey. Subsidiaries owned by Koç Holding engage in a variety of sectors, including banking, energy, automotive, household appliances, and defence.

Yapı Kredi
Yapı Kredi (lit. 'Construction and Credit Bank') is one of the first nationwide commercial banks in Turkey, and is the fourth largest private bank in Turkey by its asset size. It was established in 1944 by Kazım Taşkent. Assets of the bank include credit cards, assets under management, non-cash loans, leasing, factoring, private pension funds and non-life insurance. The combined financial services network of the bank consists of 835 branches across the country with over 13 million customers. The bank offers vehicle loans, consumer loans, housing loans and commercial loan support.

Yapı Kredi Emeklilik A.Ş is one of the largest pension and life insurance providers in Turkey and has been a major force in the growth and development of pension schemes and group insurance in the country. Its sister company, Yapı Kredi Sigorta A.Ş., is the second-largest health insurer in Turkey. Together, the companies provide coverage to approximately 700,000 insureds.
Ose (torrent)
The Ose is a torrent in Umbria, central Italy.

Its spring is on the comune of Spello, in the territory of Umbria. Ose is affluent of Topino. After passing through the comuni of Spello, Assisi and Bettona, it joins the Topino (Tiber basin).

Topino
The Topino is a river in Umbria, central Italy. It was known in ancient times as Supunna by Umbri and later in Latin as Tinia
 and is mentioned by Dante Alighieri in the Canto XI of the Paradise. It is the main tributary of the Chiascio, in the Tiber basin. It is about 50 km long, and its drainage basin covers 1,234 km2.