hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sports in Santiago, Cape Verde
The island of Santiago in Cape Verde in the middle of the Sotavento Islands is home to several teams and clubs.  The major professional clubs are Sporting Praia, Boavista Praia and CD Travadores, semi-pro teams includes Académica da Praia and Desportivo da Praia.  From its foundation in 1953 to 1999, the island had a single league of each sport.  Since that time, the association and competition are currently divided into two zones, the north (the championships and the association) and the south (the championship and the association) and includes all sports including football, basketball, volleyball, futsal and athletics, the only island to have nearly all the sport competitions into two zones.

As Praia is the Capverdean capital, the Capeverdean Football, Basketball, Volleyball, Athletics and Futsal Federations are headquartered in the city, much of them in the neighborhood of Várzea and nearby Chã das Areias.

Santiago North Premier Division
The Santiago Island League (North) is a regional championship played in Santiago Island, Cape Verde. The competition is organized by the Santiago North Regional Football Association (Associação Regional de Futebol de Santiago Sul, ARFSS). The winner of the championship plays in Cape Verdean football Championships of each season.
North Fork Grand River
The North Fork of the Grand River is a tributary of the Grand River, approximately 80 miles (129 km) long, in North Dakota and South Dakota in the United States.

It rises in the Badlands of southwestern North Dakota, in southern Bowman County, and flows ESE, into the Bowman-Haley Reservoir, formed by the Bowman-Haley Dam, then through northwestern South Dakota, past several units of the Grand River National Grassland in northern Perkins County. It joins the South Fork near Shadehill to form the Grand.

Bowman-Haley Dam
Bowman-Haley Dam is an embankment dam located in Bowman County, North Dakota, in the southwestern part of the state. The dam is just over 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the South Dakota border.

The earthen dam was constructed in 1970 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers to impound the North Fork of the Grand River for flood control, fish and wildlife preservation, recreation, and municipal and industrial water supply.  The dam is owned and operated by the Corps of Engineers, with a height of 79 feet (24 m) and a length of 5,730 feet (1,750 m) at its crest.

The reservoir it creates, Bowman-Haley Lake, has a water surface of 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) and a maximum capacity of 171,838 acre-feet (211,959,000 m3), although its normal storage level of 19,780 acre-feet (24,400,000 m3) is much smaller.
Tjølling
Tjølling is a former municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The 70-square-kilometre (27 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1988. The area is now part of Larvik Municipality. The administrative centre was the village of Tjøllingvollen. Other villages in Tjølling included Hem, Rekkevik, and Ula.

Tjøllingvollen
Tjøllingvollen or Viksfjord is a village in Larvik Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The village is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the east of the town of Larvik. The village of Hem lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the northeast, the village of Verningen lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the north, and the coastal village of Ula lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the southeast.

Tjølling Church is located in the north part of the village. The Vestfoldbanen railway line historically stopped at the Viksfjord Station on the south side of the village, but the station closed in 1978.

The village was the administrative centre of the old municipality of Tjølling which existed from 1838 until 1988 when it became part of Larvik Municipality.
Canadian Hockey Association (1909–10)
The Canadian Hockey Association (CHA) was an early men's professional ice hockey league. It was founded in November, 1909, as the result of a dispute within the Eastern Canada Hockey Association. The CHA survived only a few weeks of play in January 1910 before two teams jumped to the new National Hockey Association (NHA), itself a seven-week-old league, causing dissolution of the CHA.

The CHA held the Stanley Cup for its entire eight week existence, as the reigning champion Ottawa Hockey Club was a founding member.

Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association
The Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association (ECAHA) was a men's amateur – later professional – ice hockey league in Canada that played four seasons. It was founded on December 11, 1905 with the top clubs from two other leagues: four from the Canadian Amateur Hockey League (CAHL) and two from the Federal Amateur Hockey League (FAHL). It was formed to maximize the revenues of a now popular spectator sport and help these amateur teams  cope with professionalism in the sport. The league would shed its amateur status for the 1908 season, leading to the split between Canadian amateur ice hockey teams playing for the Allan Cup, and the professionals playing for the Stanley Cup. The league would itself dissolve in 1909 over a dispute between team owners over business issues.
Conrad II, Duke of Bohemia
Conrad II Otto (Czech: Konrád II. Ota; c. 1136/1140 – 9 September 1191), a member of Přemyslid dynasty, was the first margrave of Moravia from 1182 to 1189 and duke of Bohemia from 1189 until his death.

Margraviate of Moravia
The Margraviate of Moravia (Czech: Markrabství moravské; German: Markgrafschaft Mähren) was one of the Lands of the Bohemian Crown within the Holy Roman Empire, the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary, existing from 1182 to 1918. It was officially administered by a margrave in cooperation with a provincial diet. It was variously a de facto independent state, and also subject to the Duchy, later the Kingdom of Bohemia. It comprised the historical region called Moravia, which lies within the present-day Czech Republic.
Zinaida Volkonskaya
Princess Zinaida Aleksandrovna Volkonskaya (Russian: Зинаида Александровна Волконская; 14 December [O.S. 3 December] 1792 – 5 February [O.S. 24 January] 1862), was a Russian writer, poet, singer, composer, salonist and lady-in-waiting. She was an important figure in 19th-century Russian cultural life. She performed in Paris and London as an amateur opera singer.

Salon (gathering)
A salon is a gathering of people held by a host. These gatherings often consciously followed Horace's definition of the aims of poetry, "either to please or to educate" (Latin: aut delectare aut prodesse). Salons in the tradition of the French literary and philosophical movements of the 17th and 18th centuries are still being conducted.
Tring
Tring /trɪŋ/ is a market town and civil parish in the Borough of Dacorum, in Hertfordshire, England. It is situated in a gap passing through the Chiltern Hills, classed as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, 30 miles (50 km) from Central London. Tring is linked to London by the Roman road of Akeman Street, the modern A41 road, the Grand Union Canal and the West Coast Main Line to London Euston. Settlements in Tring date back to prehistoric times and it was mentioned in the Domesday Book; the town received its market charter in 1315. Tring is now largely a commuter town within the London commuter belt.
As of 2021, Tring had a population of 12,427.

A41 road
The A41 is a trunk road between London and Birkenhead, England. Now in parts replaced by motorways, it passes through or near Watford, Kings Langley, Hemel Hempstead, Aylesbury, Bicester, Solihull, Birmingham, West Bromwich, Wolverhampton, Newport, Whitchurch, Chester and Ellesmere Port.

With the opening of the M40 extension in 1990 from junction 8, much of the route was downgraded. The sections between Bicester and the M42 near Solihull in the Midlands have been re-classified B4100, A4177 and A4141.
47th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)
The 47th Rifle Division was an infantry division of the Red Army. It was first formed in 1922 as the Georgian Rifle Division. In 1924, it became the 1st Georgian Mountain Division. The division became the 47th Georgian Mountain Rifle Division in 1936 and dropped the designation "Georgian" in 1940. It was disbanded in June 1942 after being wiped out at Izyum. In July 1942, the 47th Rifle Division was formed from the 21st Rifle Brigade. It fought in the Nevel Offensive, for which it was awarded the title "Nevel". The division was disbanded in the Baltic Military District in 1946. It was also awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of Suvorov 2nd class. The division was reformed a third time from the 277th Rifle Division in 1955 but disbanded in July 1956.

277th Rifle Division
The 277th Rifle Division (Russian: 277-я стрелковая дивизия) was an infantry division of the Soviet Union's Red Army and later the Soviet Army, formed twice.

First formed in the summer of 1941, the division was destroyed in the Battle of Kiev during September of that year. Reformed in December 1941, the division fought in the Battle of Stalingrad, Operation Bagration, the Vistula–Oder Offensive, and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria. Serving in the Soviet Far East postwar, the division was renumbered in 1955.
NAIBER
In economics, non-accelerating inflation buffer employment ratio (NAIBER) refers to a systemic proposal for an in-built inflation control mechanism devised by economists Bill Mitchell and Warren Mosler, and advocated by Modern Money Theory as replacement for NAIRU (non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment). The concept of NAIBER is related to the idea of a job guarantee aimed to create full employment and price stability, by having the state promise to hire unemployed workers as an employer of last resort (ELR).

NAIRU
The non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (NAIRU) is a theoretical level of unemployment below which inflation would be expected to rise. It was first introduced as the NIRU (non-inflationary rate of unemployment) by Franco Modigliani and Loukas Demetrios Papademos in 1975, as an improvement over the "natural rate of unemployment" concept, which was proposed earlier by Milton Friedman.

In the United States, estimates of the NAIRU ranged between 5 and 6% in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, but have fallen to below 4% since the recovery from the 2008 financial crisis. Monetary policy conducted under the assumption of a NAIRU typically involves allowing just enough unemployment in the economy to prevent inflation rising above a given target figure. Prices are allowed to increase gradually and some unemployment is tolerated.
St Wilfrid's Church, Ribchester
St Wilfrid's Church is an Anglican church in the village of Ribchester in Lancashire, England, which is situated close to the site of a Roman fort. It is an active parish church in the Diocese of Blackburn. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.

Diocese of Blackburn
The diocese of Blackburn is diocese of the Church of England in North West England. Its boundaries correspond to northern Lancashire. The diocese contains 211 parishes and 280 churches. Blackburn Cathedral is the seat of the bishop of Blackburn, currently Philip North, and the diocesan offices are also located in Blackburn.

What is now the diocese of Blackburn was historically part of the diocese of York. It became part of the newly created diocese of Chester in 1541, and part of the diocese of Manchester when it was created in 1847. The diocese of Blackburn was in turn established on 12 November 1926 from the northern part of Manchester.
The Only Color That Matters Is Green
The Only Color That Matters Is Green is the first collaborative studio album by American emcee/producer duo Pace Won and Mr. Green. It was released on June 20, 2008, by Raw Poetix Records LLC. The album features guest appearances from Mary Lou, Cymarshall Law & KoshaDillz.

It was supported by two music videos, "Children Sing" and "Who I Am".

Mr. Green (music producer)
Aaron Green, known professionally as Mr. Green, is an American record producer and DJ from Highland Park, New Jersey, United States. He has a very unconventional and highly textured sonic style. He has produced dozens of songs that reached the Billboard charts, including number one hit records. He produces viral songs such as "If I Don't Go to Hell", which received over a billion views on TikTok.
Squaraine dye
Squaraine dyes are a class of organic dyes showing intense fluorescence, typically in the red and near infrared region (absorption maxima are found between 630 and 670 nm and their emission maxima are between 650 and 700 nm). They are characterized by their unique aromatic four membered ring system derived from squaric acid. Most squaraines are encumbered by nucleophilic attack of the central four membered ring, which is highly electron deficient. This encumbrance can be attenuated by the formation of a rotaxane around the dye to protect it from nucleophiles. They are currently used as sensors for ions and have recently, with the advent of protected squaraine derivatives, been exploited in biomedical imaging.

Squaric acid
Squaric acid or quadratic acid (so named because its four carbon atoms approximately form a square) is a diprotic organic acid with the chemical formula C4O2(OH)2.

The conjugate base of squaric acid is the hydrogensquarate anion HC4O−4; and the conjugate base of the hydrogensquarate anion is the divalent squarate anion C4O2−4. This is one of the oxocarbon anions, which consist only of carbon and oxygen.

Squaric acid is a reagent for chemical synthesis.  Derivatives are dyes and biochemical agents.
Los Angeles Music Center
The Los Angeles Music Center (officially the Performing Arts Center of Los Angeles County) is one of the largest performing arts centers in the United States. Located in downtown Los Angeles, The Music Center is composed of the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion, Ahmanson Theatre, Mark Taper Forum, Roy & Edna Disney CalArts Theatre (REDCAT), and Walt Disney Concert Hall.

Each year, The Music Center welcomes more than 1.3 million people to performances by its four internationally renowned resident companies: Los Angeles Philharmonic, Los Angeles Opera, Los Angeles Master Chorale, and Center Theatre Group (CTG) as well as performances by the dance series Glorya Kaufman Presents Dance at The Music Center. The center is home to on-going community events, arts festivals, outdoor concerts, participatory arts activities and workshops, and educational programs.

Los Angeles Opera
The Los Angeles Opera, originally called the  Los Angeles Music Center Opera and now styling itself as LA Opera, is an American opera company in Los Angeles, California. It is the fourth-largest opera company in the United States. The company's home base is the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion, part of the Los Angeles Music Center.
Likelihood function
A likelihood function (often simply called the likelihood) measures how well a statistical model explains observed data by calculating the probability of seeing that data under different parameter values of the model. It is constructed from the joint probability distribution of the random variable that (presumably) generated the observations. When evaluated on the actual data points, it becomes a function solely of the model parameters.

In maximum likelihood estimation, the model parameter(s) or argument that maximizes the likelihood function serves as a point estimate for the unknown parameter, while the Fisher information (often approximated by the likelihood's Hessian matrix at the maximum) gives an indication of the estimate's precision.

In contrast, in Bayesian statistics, the estimate of interest is the converse of the likelihood, the so-called posterior probability of the parameter given the observed data, which is calculated via Bayes' rule.

Precision (statistics)
In statistics, the precision matrix or concentration matrix is the matrix inverse of the covariance matrix or dispersion matrix, .
For univariate distributions, the precision matrix degenerates into a scalar precision, defined as the reciprocal of the variance, .

Other summary statistics of statistical dispersion also called precision (or imprecision)
include the reciprocal of the standard deviation, ; 
the standard deviation itself and the relative standard deviation;
as well as the standard error and the confidence interval (or its half-width, the margin of error).
William J. McCormack (police officer)
William Joseph McCormack (21 February 1933 – 8 September 2016) was Chief of Police of the Metro Toronto Police from 1989 to 1995. He succeeded Jack Marks. Earlier in his life McCormack was a marine radio operator and British colonial police officer before coming to Canada in the late 1950s.

Toronto Police Service
The Toronto Police Service (TPS) is a municipal police force in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and the primary agency responsible for providing law enforcement and policing services in Toronto. Established in 1834, it was the first local police service created in North America and is one of the oldest police services in the English-speaking world.

It is the largest municipal police service in Canada, and the fourth largest police force in Canada after Ontario Provincial Police (OPP), Sûreté du Québec (SQ), and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). With a 2023 budget of $1.16 billion, the Toronto Police Service ranks as the second largest expense of the City of Toronto's annual operating budget, after the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC).
Miles Tredinnick
Miles Tredinnick, also known as Riff Regan, (born Warrington 18 February 1955) is a rock musician, songwriter and a stage and screenwriter. In the 1970s, he was the lead singer with the British rock band London. Afterwards he went on to write comedy plays for the stage. He has also written scripts for Frankie Howerd, including the television special Superfrank! and the stage comedy Up Pompeii!

London (British band)
London are an English four-piece punk band formed in London in 1976,  best known for their wild stage act.  The original line-up was Riff Regan (vocals), Steve Voice (bass guitar), Jon Moss (drums) and Dave Wight (guitar). They were managed by Simon Napier-Bell and recorded two singles, a four-track EP and an album for MCA Records in 1977. Most of their songs were written by Riff Regan (including the first two singles "Everyone's a Winner" and "Summer of Love") or by Regan and Steve Voice. All their records were produced by Napier-Bell at the IBC Studios in London.

After an absence of more than 30 years the band returned to live performance, and subsequently released the album Reboot in 2012. The 2024 line-up is Riff Regan (vocals), Steve Voice (bass/guitar/vocals), Hugh O'Donnell (guitar/vocals) and Colin Watterston (drums).
C/O Berlin
C/O Berlin is a private exhibition space for photography and visual media in Berlin. It is located in Amerika Haus Berlin by Zoologischer Garten station, Charlottenburg, where it has more than 2,500 square metres of space. C/O Berlin presents works by national and international artists, supports emerging talents, and organizes educational events on visual media and art. It was founded in 2000 by Stephan Erfurt, Marc Naroska and Ingo Pott and originally located in the old Royal Post Office (Postfuhramt). C/O Berlin is supported by a non-profit foundation under the direction of Stephan Erfurt. The deputy chairman is Dr. Andreas Behr.

Postfuhramt
Postfuhramt (English: Mail Delivery Office), formally known as Kaiserliche Postfuhramt (English: Imperial Mail Delivery Office) is a historic building built in 1881 and located on Oranienburger Straße (English: Oranienburger Street) at the corner of Tucholskystraße (English: Tucholsky Street), in the Spandauer Vorstadt area of Mitte, Berlin. Since 1975, it has been a listed as a protected building (via Denkmalschutz).

At the Postfuhramt Ottomar Anschütz held the first showing of life sized pictures in motion on 25 November 1894.
From 2006 until 2012, the space hosted an art gallery and exhibitions. In 2012, the building was sold to Biotronik, a medical manufacturing company specializing in medical technology.
Fort of the Church of São Mateus da Calheta
The Fort of the Church São Mateus da Calheta (Portuguese: Forte da Igreja de São Mateus da Calheta), also referred to as the Forte da Igreja (Church Fort or Fort of the Church), are the coastal ruins of a 16th-century fort situated in the civil parish of São Mateus da Calheta, municipality of Angra do Heroísmo, on the Portuguese island of Terceira, in the archipelago of the Azores. It was destroyed, along with the church, in 1893 during a cyclone; while the church was eventually reconstructed some years later (the parochial Church of São Mateus da Calheta), the fort was abandoned and left to ruin.

Fort of Negrito
The Fort of Negrito (Portuguese: Forte de Negrito) is a 16th-century maritime fort situated in the civil parish of São Mateus da Calheta, in the municipality of Angra do Heroísmo on the island of Terceira, Azores, Portugal.
Mike Butterick
Michael David Butterick is a New Zealand farmer and politician. He was elected as a Member of the New Zealand House of Representatives for Wairarapa, representing the National Party, in the 2023 New Zealand general election.

Wairarapa (electorate)
Wairarapa is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate. It was first created in 1858 (with the first election in 1859) and existed until 1881. It was recreated in 1887 and has since existed continuously. The current Wairarapa electorate MP is Mike Butterick.
Byzantine lyra
The Byzantine lyra or lira (Greek: λύρα) was a medieval bowed string musical instrument in the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire. In its popular form, the lyra was a pear-shaped instrument with three to five strings, held upright and played by stopping the strings from the side with the fingertips and fingernails. The oldest known depiction of the instrument is on a Byzantine ivory casket, dated to circa 900–1100 AD, preserved in the Bargello in Florence (Museo Nazionale, Florence, Coll. Carrand, No.26). Modern variants of the lyra are still played throughout the Balkans and in areas surrounding the Black Sea (and most of the historical territories of the Byzantine Empire), including Greece, Crete (Cretan lyra), Karpathos (Karpathian lyra), Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Bulgaria (the gadulka), North Macedonia, Croatia (Dalmatian lijerica), Italy (the Calabrian lira), Turkey (the politiki lyra and the Pontic lyra or kemençe) and Armenia.

Bow (music)
In music, a bow (/boʊ/) is a tensioned stick which has hair (usually horse-tail hair) coated in rosin (to facilitate friction) affixed to it. It is moved across some part (generally some type of strings) of a musical instrument to cause vibration, which the instrument emits as sound. The vast majority of bows are used with string instruments, such as the violin, viola, cello, and bass, although some bows are used with musical saws and other bowed idiophones.
Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ, Podgorica
The Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ (Serbian: Саборни Храм Христовог Васкрсења, romanized: Saborni Hram Hristovog Vaskrsenja) in Podgorica, Montenegro, 
is a cathedral of the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral (MCP) of the Serbian Orthodox Church (SPC). The cathedral is located in the New Town neighborhood of Podgorica, west of the Morača river.

Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral
The Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral of the Serbian Orthodox Church (Serbian: Црногорско-приморска митрополија Српске православне цркве, romanized: Crnogorsko-primorska mitropolija Srpske pravoslavne crkve) is the largest eparchy (diocese) of the Serbian Orthodox Church in modern Montenegro. Founded in 1219 by Saint Sava as the Eparchy of Zeta, it has continued to exist, without interruption, up to the present time, and has remained one of the most prominent dioceses of the Serbian Orthodox Church. The current Metropolitan bishop is Joanikije II. His official title is "Metropolitan of Montenegro and the Littoral" (Serbian: Црногорско-приморски митрополит, romanized: Crnogorsko-primorski mitropolit).