hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Exonumia
Exonumia are numismatic items (such as tokens, medals, or scrip) other than coins and paper money. This includes "Good For" tokens, badges, counterstamped coins, elongated coins, encased coins, souvenir medallions, tags, wooden nickels and other similar items.  It is an aspect of numismatics and many coin collectors are also exonumists.

Besides the above strict definition, others extend it to include non-coins which may or may not be legal tenders such as cheques, credit cards and similar paper. These can also be considered notaphily or scripophily.

Token coin
In numismatics, token coins or trade tokens are coin-like objects used instead of coins. The field of token coins is part of exonumia and token coins are token money. Their denomination is shown or implied by size, color or shape. They are often made of cheaper metals like copper, pewter, aluminium, brass and tin, or non-metals like bakelite, leather and porcelain.

A legal tender coin is issued by a governmental authority and is freely exchangeable for goods. A token coin has a narrower utility and is issued by a private entity. In many instances, token coins have become obsolete due to the use of cash, payment cards, stored value cards or other electronic transactions.
Moral reasoning
Moral reasoning is the study of how people think about right and wrong and how they acquire and apply moral rules. It is a subdiscipline of moral psychology that overlaps with moral philosophy, and is the foundation of descriptive ethics.

An influential psychological theory of moral reasoning was proposed by Lawrence Kohlberg of the University of Chicago, who expanded Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. Lawrence described three levels of moral reasoning: pre-conventional (governed by self-interest), conventional (motivated to maintain social order, rules and laws), and post-conventional (motivated by universal ethical principles and shared ideals including the social contract).

Descriptive ethics
Descriptive ethics, also known as comparative ethics, is the study of people's beliefs about morality. It contrasts with prescriptive or normative ethics, which is the study of ethical theories that prescribe how people ought to act, and with meta-ethics, which is the study of what ethical terms and theories actually refer to. The following examples of questions that might be considered in each field illustrate the differences between the fields:

Descriptive ethics: What do people think is right?

Meta-ethics: What does "right" even mean?

Normative (prescriptive) ethics: How should people act?

Applied ethics: How do we take moral knowledge and put it into practice?
Anguis
Slow worms (also called blindworms and hazelworms) are a small genus (Anguis) of snake-like legless lizards in the family Anguidae. The genus contains five extant living species, including the common slow worm (A. fragilis), the eastern slow worm (A. colchica), the Greek slow worm (A. graeca), the Peloponnese slow worm (A. cephalonnica), and the Italian slow worm (A. veronensis). There are also known fossil species.

Anguis veronensis
Anguis veronensis, commonly known as the Italian slow worm, is a European lizard species in the family Anguidae. The slow worm is distributed throughout Italy and in southeastern part of France.

A. veronensis got its first scientific description in 1818, when it was described by Italian naturalist Ciro Polinni, and named after the Italian city Verona, where specimens were found. The synonymous species name Anguis cinerea (cinereus) is derived from the Latin word cinereus meaning ash-grey, even though typical gray colour is a common feature of the whole genus Anguis, especially the similar common slow worm, Anguis fragilis.
Jarron Collins
Jarron Thomas Collins (born December 2, 1978) is an American professional basketball coach and former player who is an assistant coach for the New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was selected in the second round of the 2001 NBA draft by the Utah Jazz, and played 10 seasons in the NBA. He has a twin brother, Jason, who also played in the league.

Jason Collins
Jason Paul Collins (born December 2, 1978) is an American former professional basketball player who was a center for 13 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Stanford Cardinal, earning third-team All-American honors in 2001. Collins was selected by the Houston Rockets as the 18th overall pick in the 2001 NBA draft. He went on to play for the New Jersey Nets, Memphis Grizzlies, Minnesota Timberwolves, Atlanta Hawks, Boston Celtics, Washington Wizards and Brooklyn Nets.

After the 2012–13 NBA season concluded, Collins publicly came out as gay. He became a free agent and did not play again until February 2014, when he signed with the Nets and became the first publicly gay athlete to play in any of the four major North American pro sports leagues. In April 2014, Collins was featured on the cover of Time Magazine's "100 Most Influential People in the World".
Joe Satriani
Joseph Satriani (born July 15, 1956) is an American rock guitarist, composer, and songwriter. Early in his career he worked as a guitar instructor, with many of his former students achieving fame, including Steve Vai, Larry LaLonde, Rick Hunolt, Kirk Hammett, Andy Timmons, Charlie Hunter, Kevin Cadogan, and Alex Skolnick. Satriani went on to have a successful solo music career, starting in the mid-1980s. He is a 15-time Grammy Award nominee and has sold over ten million albums, making him the bestselling instrumental rock guitarist of all time.

In 1988, Satriani was recruited by Mick Jagger as lead guitarist for his first solo tour. Satriani briefly toured with Deep Purple, joining shortly after the second departure of Ritchie Blackmore, in 1993. He has worked with a range of guitarists during the G3 tour, which he founded in 1995. Satriani has been the guitarist for the supergroup Chickenfoot since joining the band in 2008.

Kirk Hammett
Kirk Lee Hammett (born November 18, 1962) is an American musician. Hammett has been the lead guitarist of heavy metal band Metallica since 1983; prior to joining Metallica, he co-formed thrash metal band Exodus in 1979. In 2023, Hammett and Metallica bandmate James Hetfield were co-ranked 23rd on Rolling Stone's list of Greatest Guitarists of All Time. In 2009, Hammett was ranked number 15 in Joel McIver's book The 100 Greatest Metal Guitarists.
Tanuja Chandra
Tanuja Chandra (born 1969) is an Indian film director and writer. Chandra is the daughter of writer Kamna Chandra and sister of author Vikram Chandra and film critic Anupama Chopra. She co-wrote the screenplay of Yash Chopra's Dil To Pagal Hai (1997) and is known for frequently directing women-oriented films where female characters are the main protagonists, notably Dushman (1998) and Sangharsh (1999).

Kamna Chandra
Kamna Chandra is an Indian writer who has written plays for All India Radio and stories and dialogues for the screen which include the films Chandni, 1942: A Love Story (directed by her son-in-law Vidhu Vinod Chopra), Prem Rog and the television show Kashish.
Ron Harper Jr.
Ronald Harper Jr. (born April 12, 2000) is an American professional basketball player for the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA), on a two-way contract with the Maine Celtics of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Rutgers Scarlet Knights of the Big Ten Conference. He is the son of former NBA player Ron Harper and his younger brother Dylan currently plays for the San Antonio Spurs.

Ron Harper
Ronald Harper Sr. (born January 20, 1964) is an American former professional basketball player. He played for four teams in the National Basketball Association (NBA) between 1986 and 2001 and is a five-time NBA champion.
Global debt
Global debt refers to the total amount of money owed by all sectors, including governments, businesses, and households worldwide.

As of 2022, global debt was the equivalent of 305 trillion USD. This includes debt by both public and private debtors. The total external debt owed by public and private debtors to creditors in other countries amounted to $76 trillion in 2019. The global debt continues to grow. Between 2015 and 2019 global debt increased by approximately 6% per year. According the International Monetary Fund in September 2025 total global debt was equivalent to 235 percent of global gross domestic product, of which 93% was government debt and 143% was private debt made up of Household debt and non-financial Corporate debt.

Debt
Debt is an obligation that requires one party, the debtor, to pay money borrowed or otherwise withheld from another party, the creditor. Debt may be owed by a sovereign state or country, local government, company, or an individual. Commercial debt is generally subject to contractual terms regarding the amount and timing of repayments of principal and interest. Loans, bonds, notes, and mortgages are all types of debt. In financial accounting, debt is a type of financial transaction, as distinct from equity.

The term can also be used metaphorically to cover moral obligations and other interactions not based on a monetary value. For example, in Western cultures, a person who has been helped by a second person is sometimes said to owe a "debt of gratitude" to the second person.
K-Line
K-Line Electric Trains is a brand name of O gauge and S gauge model railway locomotives, rolling stock, and buildings. Formerly the brand name under which Chapel Hill, North Carolina–based MDK Inc. sold its products, K-Line was then acquired by Sanda Kan, a Chinese toy manufacturer that formerly acted as K-Line's subcontractor. Sanda Kan had licensed the use of the K-Line brand and intellectual property to Lionel.  More recently, the Lionel license expired, and Sanda Kan sold the dies to several other companies, with some going to each of Atlas, Bachmann, Lionel, and RMT.

Lionel, LLC
Lionel, LLC is an American designer and importer of toy trains and model railroads that is headquartered in Concord, North Carolina. Its roots lie in the 1969 purchase of the Lionel product line from the Lionel Corporation by cereal conglomerate General Mills and subsequent purchase in 1986 by businessman Richard P. Kughn forming Lionel Trains, Inc. in 1986.  The Marvin Davis Investment Group (Wellspring) bought Lionel Trains, Inc. in 1995 and renamed it Lionel, LLC.

According to its reorganization papers filed as part of its bankruptcy plan on May 21, 2007, about 95% of the company's sales come from O gauge trains. The plan estimated that about US$70 million worth of O gauge trains are sold each year, and that Lionel accounts for about 60% of that market, making it the largest manufacturer of O gauge trains.
Mersin Gymnastics Hall
Mersin Gymnstics Hall (Turkish: Mersin Cimnastik Salonu) is an indoor sports hall for gymnastics events located at Yenişehir in Mersin, Turkey

The sports venue is located at Akkent neighborhood, 32nd St. 63 in Yenişehir, Mersin, to the east of Mersin University campus and to the south of Servet Tazegül Arena and Mersin Tennis Complex. It was built on a 13,965 m2 (150,320 sq ft) land in 2013 for the 2013 Mediterranean Games. It has a total seating capacity of 1,288.

Yenişehir, Mersin
Yenişehir (Turkish pronunciation: ['jeniʃehiɾ]) is a municipality and district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Its area is 139 km2, and its population is 278,961 (2022). It covers the west-central part of the city of Mersin and the adjacent countryside.
Inanwatan–Duriankere languages
Inanwatan–Duriankere or Inanwatan is a pair of South Bird's Head languages spoken in New Guinea:

Inanwatan

Duriankere

Noting low cognacy rates, Holton and Klamer (2018) tentatively consider Inanwatan–Duriankere, as well as Konda–Yahadian and the Nuclear South Bird's Head family to each be independent language families until further evidence can be demonstrated.

South Bird's Head languages
The South Bird's Head or South Doberai languages are three families of Papuan languages. They form part of the Trans–New Guinea languages in the classifications of Malcolm Ross (2005) and Timothy Usher (2020), though Pawley and Hammarström (2018) do not consider them to be part of Trans–New Guinea. However, according to Dryer (2022), based on a preliminary quantitative analysis of data from the ASJP database, South Bird's Head languages are likely to be a subgroup of Trans–New Guinea.
Codpiece
A codpiece (from Middle English  cod 'scrotum') is a triangular piece that attached to the front of men's hose, covering the fly. It may be held in place by ties or buttons. It was an important fashion item of European clothing during the 15th–16th centuries, in the 16th century becoming a firm upwards-pointing projection based on a stiff material such as boiled leather, or in plate armour, steel.

In the modern era, similar clothing pieces are worn in the leather subculture, and in performance costumes, such as for rock and metal musicians. A similar device with rigid construction, an athletic cup, is used as protective gear for male athletes.

Hose (clothing)
Hose are any of various styles of men's clothing for the legs and lower body, worn from the Middle Ages through to the 17th century, when the style fell out of use in favour of breeches and stockings. The old plural form of "hose" was "hosen". In German these terms (Hose, singular, and Hosen, plural) remained in use and are the generic terms for trousers today. The French equivalent was chausses.
Khaled Ibrahim
Khaled Ibrahim Helal Al-Dhanhani (Arabic: خَالِد إِبْرَاهِيم هِلَال الضَّنْحَانِيّ; born 17 January 1997) is an Emirati footballer who plays as a right back for Sharjah and the United Arab Emirates national football team.

United Arab Emirates national football team
The United Arab Emirates national football team (Arabic: منتخب الإمَارَاتُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ الْمُتَّحِدَة لِكُرَّةُ الْقَدَم) represents United Arab Emirates in men's international football and serves under the auspices of the country's Football Association.

It has made one FIFA World Cup appearance in 1990 in Italy and lost all three of its games. United Arab Emirates took fourth place in the 1992 AFC Asian Cup and runner-up in 1996 as host. It won the Arabian Gulf Cup in 2007 and 2013. It finished third in the 2015 AFC Asian Cup and hosted the 2019 edition in which it was eliminated in the semi-finals.
The Clue!
The Clue! (known as Der Clou! in German-speaking regions) is a 1994 adventure game inspired by the 1986 game They Stole a Million. The player is tasked with finding accomplices, scouting potential targets, and plotting a burglary. The game uses a point-and-click interface. A sequel followed in 2001: The Sting! (or Der Clou 2!.)

In 2000 the source code was released to the public. The game was since then ported to modern platforms (Windows, Linux and Web) via SDL and receives still updates by the game's community (2015).

The Sting!
The Sting! (released in German-speaking regions as Der Clou! 2) is a strategy/adventure video game developed by Neo Software and released by JoWooD Productions on 1 July 2001. It is the sequel to 1994's The Clue! (known as Der Clou! in German-speaking regions).
Kuldīga Municipality
Kuldīga Municipality (Latvian: Kuldīgas novads) is a municipality in Courland, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2009 by merging Ēdole parish, Gudenieki parish, Īvande parish, Kabile parish, Kurmāle parish, Laidi parish, Padure parish, Pelči parish, Renda parish, Rumba parish, Snēpele parish, Turlava parish, Vārme parish and Kuldīga town. The administrative centre is Kuldīga. As of 2020, the population was 22,028.

During the 2021 Latvian administrative reform, the previous municipality was merged with Alsunga Municipality and Skrunda Municipality. The new municipality now fully corresponds with the area of the former Kuldīga district.

Skrunda Municipality
Skrunda Municipality (Latvian: Skrundas novads) was a municipality in Courland, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2009 by merging Skrunda town with its countryside territory, Raņķi parish, Nīkrāce parish and Rudbārži parish; the administrative centre being Skrunda. The population in 2020 was 4,543.

On 1 July 2021, Skrunda Municipality ceased to exist and its territory was merged into Kuldīga Municipality.
Ieremias Palladas
Ieremias Palladas (Greek: Ιερεμίας Παλλαδάς; 1580–1592 – 1659), also known as Pouladas (Greek: Πουλαδάς), or Ieremia Pallada, was a Greek Renaissance painter.  He was a clergyman, painter, and educator.  He was affiliated with Saint Catherine's Monastery in Mount Sinai, Egypt.  He is one of the most notable Greek painters of the 17th century.  His family consisted of clergy and painters.  His nephew was Patriarch of Alexandria Gerasimos Palladas.  His work was influenced by Nikolaos Tzafouris and Angelos Akotantos. Georgios Klontzas and Emmanuel Lambardos
were active in Crete around the same period.  Palladas influenced the works of Theocharis Silvestros, Iakovos Moskos, Ioannis Kornaros and Philotheos Skoufos.  According to the Institute of Neohellenic Research, twenty-four of his works survived.  His specialty was painting crosses for the iconostasis or templo.  Most of his works are in Egypt.

Theocharis Silvestros
Theocharis Silvestros (Greek: Θεοχάρης Σίλβεστρος; died after 1638) was a Greek Baroque painter. He was a monk affiliated with Saint Catherine's Monastery, Mount Sinai, Egypt. He was also active in Heraklion Crete. He was influenced by famous painters Emmanuel Lambardos and Ieremias Palladas. Theocharis was a renowned painter of the Cretan school. He influenced countless Greek painters. He was active during the same period as Philotheos Skoufos and Franghias Kavertzas. His most notable works are of Catherine of Alexandria.  Most of his remaining works are associated with Saint Catherine's Monastery. He was a Sinaitic monk.
Ford Aerospace
Ford Aerospace was the aerospace and defense division of Ford Motor Company. It was based in Dearborn, Michigan and was active from 1956 (originally as Philco and then Philco Ford) through 1990, when it was sold to the Loral Corporation. Major divisions were located in Palo Alto CA (Space Systems Division), San Jose CA (Western Development Laboratories) and Newport Beach (Aeronutronic Division). Other operations were located in a number of other states around the United States.

Aeronutronic
Aeronutronic was a defense related division of Ford Aerospace, owned by Ford Motor Company, and based in  Newport Beach, Orange County, California.

The 99 acres (40 ha) Engineering and Research Center campus was located on Jamboree Road at Ford Road, overlooking Balboa Bay and the Santa Catalina Strait of the Pacific Ocean in Newport Beach.  The facility's  master plan and main buildings were designed by Modernist architect William Pereira in 1958.
East Midlands/Leicestershire 2
East Midlands/Leicestershire 2 was a tier 10 English Rugby Union league with teams from Bedfordshire, parts of Cambridgeshire, Leicestershire and Northamptonshire taking part.  Promoted teams moved up to East Midlands/Leicestershire 1 and relegated teams dropped to East Midlands/Leicestershire 3.

The league ran for two spells between 1992–96 and 1998–00.  At the end of the 1999–00 season it was cancelled for the second time following the splitting of the East Midlands and Leicestershire leagues and all teams transferred into East Midlands 1 or Notts, Lincs & Derbyshire/Leicestershire 1 West.

Leicestershire Rugby Union
The Leicestershire Rugby Union (LRU) is the governing body for the sport of rugby union in the counties of Leicestershire and Rutland in England. The union is the constituent body of the Rugby Football Union (RFU) for those counties. The LRU administers and organises rugby union clubs and competitions in those two counties and administers the Leicestershire county rugby representative teams.
Trial of Magneto
"X-Men: The Trial of Magneto" is a comic book storyline, which debuted in August 2021, published by Marvel Comics. The limited series spins out of the murder of Scarlet Witch during the "Hellfire Gala".

Hellfire Gala
"Hellfire Gala" was initially a 12-part X-Men comic book storyline published by Marvel Comics in June 2021. It is the first storyline featured in the "Reign of X" relaunch after the "X of Swords" storyline. Krakoa opens its gates to non-mutants to celebrate mutant culture at an evening party. The gala unveiled the new team of X-Men and showcased the terraforming of Mars into Planet Arakko.

It subsequently became an annual event in the Krakoan Age with the one-shots X-Men: Hellfire Gala #1 published in July 2022 and X-Men Hellfire Gala 2023 #1 published in July 2023. In the lead up to each Hellfire Gala, Marvel conducted a fan vote to decide on members of the new X-Men team. The subsequent publishing initiative, X-Men: From the Ashes, revisited the Hellfire Gala concept as a memorial for Krakoa in X-Men: Hellfire Vigil #1 published in July 2025.
Hirtshals
Hirtshals is a town and seaport on the coast of Skagerrak on the island of Vendsyssel-Thy at the top of the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark, Europe. It is located in Hjørring municipality in Region Nordjylland. The town of Hirtshals has a population of 5,347 (1 January 2025). Located on the Skagerrak, it is especially known for its fishing and ferry harbours.

Hjørring Municipality
Hjørring Municipality (Danish: Hjørring Kommune) is a municipality (Danish: kommune) in North Jutland Region on the west coast of the island of Vendsyssel-Thy at the top of the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark.  The municipality covers an area of 929.58 km2 (358.91 sq mi), making it the largest in Vendsyssel, and it has a total population of 63,311 (2025).

The main town and the site of its municipal council is the town of Hjørring. Other towns in the municipality includes the harbour town of Hirtshals to the north, sea side resorts Løkken and Lønstrup to the west, Tårs and Vrå to the south and Sindal and Bindslev to the East.

On 1 January 2007 Hjørring municipality was, as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007), merged with existing Hirtshals, Løkken-Vrå, and Sindal municipalities to form an enlarged Hjørring municipality.
Wolica, Warsaw
Wolica (Polish: [vɔˈli.t͡sa]) is a neighbourhood in the city of Warsaw. It is located at the boundary between the districts of Ursynów and Wilanów, and is divided between City Information System areas of Błonia Wilanowskie and Ursynów-Centrum. It features houses, villas, and apartment buildings. Wolica was most likely founded in the 14th century, and its oldest known records date to 1424. Throughout most of its history, it was a small farming community. In 1951, it was incorporated into Warsaw.

Wilanów
Wilanów (Polish pronunciation: [vʲiˈlanuf] ⓘ) is a district of the city of Warsaw, Poland. It is home to historic Wilanów Palace, the "Polish Versailles," and second home to various Polish kings. Wilanów is home to many villas and, despite being relatively far away from the city center, the district ranks among the most expensive in Warsaw.