hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Franklin Drilon
Franklin Magtunao Drilon (Tagalog pronunciation: [dɾiˈlɔn]; born November 28, 1945) is a Filipino lawyer and former politician. He has served thrice as president of the Senate: in 2000, from 2001 to 2006, and from 2013 to 2016.

Having also served as Senate's president pro tempore, majority leader, and minority leader, he is the only senator to have held all four of the Senate's major leadership positions. A member of the Liberal Party since 2003, he has previously led the party as president, chairman, and vice-chairman.

He also served as labor secretary, justice secretary, and executive secretary in the administration of President Corazon Aquino. He became the secretary of justice again during the administration of President Fidel V. Ramos.

Drilon was born and raised in Iloilo City and studied law at the University of the Philippines. He placed third in the 1969 Bar Exams and worked as a private practice lawyer before joining the government.

University of the Philippines College of Law
The University of the Philippines College of Law (often referred to as UP Law) is the law school of the University of the Philippines Diliman. Formally established in 1911 in UP Manila, it is the third oldest continually-operating law school in the Philippines. Since 1948, it has been based in UP Diliman in Quezon City, the flagship of the UP System's eight constituent universities. The college also holds extension classes at the Bonifacio Global City campus of UP Diliman in Taguig and the Iloilo City campus of UP Visayas.

UP Law is noted for having produced the largest number of bar topnotchers and maintaining one of the highest bar passing rates among law schools in the Philippines.
Osoyoos Desert Society
The Osoyoos Desert Society is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1991 to conserve and restore the biologically diverse area of the British Columbian Southern interior. This area had not been the focus of previous conservation efforts, even though it contains a large concentration of at-risk species.

One of the area's main features is Okanagan Desert, a semi-arid region in the southern part of the Okanagon region of British Columbia, notable for having some plant species not found anywhere else in Canada. Another feature is the Osoyoos Lake, which extends into Washington state in the United States.

The group has received funding from Environment Canada, the Habitat Conservations Trust Fund, and Human Resources Development Canada.

Okanagan Desert
The Okanagan Desert is the common name for a semi-arid shrubland located in the southern region of the Okanagan Valley in British Columbia and Washington. It is centred around the city of Osoyoos and is the only semi-arid shrubland in Canada. Part of this ecosystem is referred to as the Nk'mip Desert by the Osoyoos Indian Band.

The Thompson-Nicola Regional District further northwest in the Okanagan Valley around the city of Kamloops is also referred to as a desert region.
Malta Rugby Union National Cup
The Malta Rugby Union National Cup, better known as the Mediterranean Bank Cup, is a rugby union tournament which runs parallel to the Malta Rugby Union National Championship in Malta. It is sponsored by the Mediterranean Bank. The winner of the previous season plays the winner of the Cisk Lager League, play in the Ray Elliot Cup, which serves as a super cup.

The cup is played in the Marsa Sports Complex since the clubs do not own stadiums.

Malta Rugby Union National Championship
The Malta Rugby Union National Championship, better known as the Cisk Lager League for sponsorship reasons, is the highest tier of Rugby Union in Malta. It is sponsored by Cisk Lager and run by the Malta Rugby Football Union. Champions of the previous season play the winner of the Mediterranean Bank Cup, which runs parallel, in the Ray Elliot Cup, which serves a super cup.

The league is played in the Marsa Sports Complex since the clubs do not own stadiums.
North–South Lake
North–South Lake is an 1,100-acre (4.4 km2) state campground in the Catskill Forest Preserve near Palenville, New York operated by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation near the site of the historic Catskill Mountain House overlooking the Hudson River.  The escarpment on which the lakes are located is at 2,250 feet (685.8 m), 1,700 feet (518 m) above the valley floor, providing a view of five states in clear weather.

The area is rich in history. It was a favorite subject of painters in the Hudson River School, particularly Thomas Cole. For a long time, the prestigious resort hotels in the area made it synonymous with the Catskills.

Today, the area provides hiking, swimming, boating (no motors), and fishing.

Catskill Mountain House
The Catskill Mountain House, which opened in 1824, was a famous hotel near Palenville, New York, and in the Catskill Mountains overlooking the Hudson River Valley.  In its prime, from the 1850s to the turn of the century, it was visited by three U.S. presidents (U.S. Grant, Chester A. Arthur, and Theodore Roosevelt) and the power elite of the day.
2024 Shenzhen stabbing
On 18 September 2024, a Chinese man stabbed a ten-year-old Japanese schoolboy with a knife near the Shenzhen Japanese School in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. The alleged attacker, a 44-year-old man surnamed Zhong, was arrested, while the boy died of injuries on the next day. Violence targeting foreigners in China had been occurring previously in 2024, prompting some observers to express concern that nationalist sentiment may have contributed to these incidents. Zhong was later sentenced to death and executed.

2024 Suzhou knife attack
On 24 June 2024, a Chinese man attacked a Japanese mother and her three-year-old son with a knife at the Xindi Center bus station near the Japanese School of Suzhou in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. The assailant attempted to board a Japanese school bus during the attack, fatally stabbing the bus attendant, a Chinese woman named Hu Youping (Chinese: 胡友平)—who had intervened to protect the passengers. The mother and child sustained minor injuries. The perpetrator, named Zhou Jiasheng, (周加胜) was arrested.

On 28 June, Mao Ning, the chief spokesperson for China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, made a public statement mourning Hu's death, and announced that she would be formally recognized by the Suzhou municipal government for her bravery. The Chinese technology companies Tencent and NetEase announced measures to counteract extreme Chinese nationalism among netizens, which was the subject of scrutiny both prior to and after the attack.
Rahul Sharma (cricketer, born 1986)
Rahul Sharma (born 30 November 1986) is an Indian former cricketer. He was primarily a right-handed legbreak and googly bowler. He was a member of the Punjab cricket team from 2006 to 2014. He came into the limelight due to his impressive bowling performances in IPL 2011 for Pune Warriors.

Punjab cricket team (India)
The Punjab cricket team is a first-class cricket team that represents the Indian state of Punjab. They have qualified for only one Ranji Trophy semi-final in the last five seasons and made it to the final in the 2004–05 tournament, where they lost to Railways in the first innings. They also play in other domestic cricket tournaments in India. They have been winners of the Ranji Trophy only once, in the 1992–93 season. In 2023-24, they won their maiden Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.
Richard Todd
Richard Andrew Palethorpe-Todd (11 June 1919 – 3 December 2009) was a British actor known for his leading man roles of the 1950s. He received a Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer – Male, and an Academy Award for Best Actor nomination and a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor nomination for his performance as Corporal Lachlan MacLachlan in the 1949 film The Hasty Heart. His other notable roles include Jonathan Cooper in Stage Fright (1950), Wing Commander Guy Gibson in The Dam Busters (1955), Sir Walter Raleigh in The Virgin Queen (1955), and Major John Howard in The Longest Day (1962). He was previously a Captain in the British Army during the Second World War, fighting in the D-Day landings as a member of the 7th (Light Infantry) Parachute Battalion.

The Hasty Heart
The Hasty Heart is a 1949 Anglo-American war drama film, starring Ronald Reagan, Patricia Neal and Richard Todd, and directed by Vincent Sherman. It was written by Ranald MacDougall based on the 1945 play of the same name by John Patrick.

The film tells the story of a group of wounded Allied soldiers in a Pacific theatre mobile surgery unit immediately after the end of World War II, who, after initial resentment and ostracism, rally around a loner, an unappreciative Scottish soldier they know is dying.

The title is taken from the proverb "sorrow is born in the hasty heart", which is quoted at several points in the film.
Bath stone
Bath Stone is an oolitic limestone comprising granular fragments of calcium carbonate originally obtained from the Middle Jurassic aged Great Oolite Group of the Combe Down and Bathampton Down Mines under Combe Down, Somerset, England. Its honey colouring gives the World Heritage City of Bath, England, its distinctive appearance. An important feature of Bath Stone is that it is a 'freestone', so-called because it can be sawn or 'squared up' in any direction, unlike other rocks such as slate, which form distinct layers.

Bath Stone has been used extensively as a building material throughout southern England, for churches, houses, and public buildings such as railway stations.

Some quarries are still in use, but the majority have been converted to other purposes or are being filled in.

Oolite
Oolite or oölite (from Ancient Greek  ᾠόν (ōión) 'egg stone') is a sedimentary rock formed from ooids, spherical grains composed of concentric layers. Strictly, oolites consist of ooids of diameter 0.25–2 millimetres; rocks composed of ooids larger than 2 mm are called pisolites. The term oolith can refer to oolite or individual ooids.
Don R. Swanson
Don R. Swanson (October 10, 1924 – November 18, 2012) was an American information scientist, most known for his work in literature-based discovery in the biomedical domain. His particular method has been used as a model for further work, and is often referred to as Swanson linking. He was an investigator in the Arrowsmith System project, which seeks to determine meaningful links between Medline articles to identify previously undiscovered public knowledge. He had been professor emeritus of the University of Chicago since 1996, and remained active in a post-retirement appointment until his health began to decline in 2009.

Literature-based discovery
Literature-based discovery (LBD), also called literature-related discovery (LRD) is a form of knowledge extraction and automated hypothesis generation that uses papers and other academic publications (the "literature") to find new relationships between existing knowledge (the "discovery"). Literature-based discovery aims to discover new knowledge by connecting information which have been explicitly stated in literature to deduce connections which have not been explicitly stated.

LBD can help researchers to quickly discover and explore hypotheses as well as gain information on relevant advances inside and outside of their niches and increase interdisciplinary information sharing.

The most basic and widespread type of LBD is called the ABC paradigm because it centers around three concepts called A, B and C. It states that if there is a connection between A and B and one between B and C, then there is one between A and C which, if not explicitly stated, is yet to be explored.
Sëlva
Sëlva (Ladin: [ˈsɜlva] ⓘ; Italian: Selva di Val Gardena [ˈselva di ˌval ɡarˈdeːna, - ɡarˈdɛːna]; German: Wolkenstein in Gröden [ˈvɔlkn̩ʃtaɪn ɪn ˈɡrøːdn̩]) is a comune (municipality) and a village in the Val Gardena in South Tyrol, northern Italy, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of the city of Bolzano. The Ladin and Italian place names derive from the Latin word silva ("wood").

Val Gardena
46°33′36″N 11°42′17″E﻿ / ﻿46.56000°N 11.70472°E﻿ / 46.56000; 11.70472

Val Gardena (Italian: [ˌval ɡarˈdeːna, ˌval ɡarˈdɛːna]; German: Gröden [ˈɡʁøːdn̩] ⓘ; Ladin: Gherdëina [ɡʀ̩ˈdɜi̯na] ⓘ) is a valley in the Dolomites of South Tyrol, Northern Italy. It is best known as a tourist skiing, rock climbing, and woodcarving area.
Seneca Rocks
Seneca Rocks is a large crag and local landmark in Pendleton County in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia, United States. The south peak is the only peak inaccessible except by technical rock climbing techniques on the East Coast of the United States. One of the best-known scenic attractions in West Virginia, the sheer rock faces are a popular challenge for rock climbers.

Seneca Rocks is easily visible from and accessible by way of West Virginia Route 28, West Virginia Route 55 and U.S. Route 33 in the Spruce Knob–Seneca Rocks National Recreation Area of the Monongahela National Forest. The three highways converge in the hamlet of Seneca Rocks, which is named for the cliffs nearby.

Champe Rocks
Champe Rocks are a pair of large crags in Pendleton County in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia. Easily visible from West Virginia Route 28, they are situated within the Spruce Knob–Seneca Rocks National Recreation Area. They are — along with the nearby and more celebrated Seneca Rocks — the most imposing examples in eastern West Virginia of several formations of the white/gray Tuscarora quartzite and are a popular challenge for rock climbers.

Champe Knobs, from which the Rocks emerge, are a northern extension of the River Knobs, which contain other similar "razorback" ridges or "fins" such as Judy Rocks at Judy Gap, and Nelson Rocks at Nelson Gap. Champe Rocks are 2,257 feet above sea level.
Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah
Sabah People's Ideas Party (Malay: Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah; abbrev: GAGASAN or PGRS) is a regionalist political party based in Sabah, East Malaysia. Founded in August 2013 by the late Ationg Tituh, continued by Stephen Jacob Jimbangan in 2021, the party was then taken over by Hajiji Noor in 2023 and is currently the largest party in Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS), the ruling coalition in Sabah.

Gabungan Rakyat Sabah
Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS; English: Sabah People's Coalition) is a Malaysian coalition of Sabah-based parties. It was established in 2020 and then registered in 2022 by former United Alliance of Sabah (GBS) and United Borneo Alliance (UBA) component parties operating solely in Sabah inspired by the formula of Sarawak-based coalition, Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS). Gabungan Rakyat Sabah gained significant popularity among Sabahans with a regionalist political outlook.
Chin Baptist Convention
Chin Baptist Convention (formerly Zomi Baptist Convention) is a Baptist Christian denomination in Myanmar. The headquarters is in Falam, Chin State, Myanmar. It is a member of the Myanmar Baptist Convention.

Myanmar Baptist Convention
The Myanmar Baptist Convention (Burmese: မြန်မာနိုင်ငံနှစ်ခြင်း ခရစ်ယာန်အသင်းချုပ်, romanized: myanmarninengan nhaithkyinn hkaraityaran aasainnhkyaote) is a Baptist Christian denomination in Myanmar. It is affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance and the World Council of Churches. The headquarters is in Yangon.
Hoshaiah Rabbah
Hoshaiah Rabbah or  Hoshaʻyā Rabbā (Hebrew: הושעיה רבה) was an amora of the first generation in Rabbinic Judaism and a compiler of baraitot explaining the Mishnah and the Tosefta. He is known from tractates of the Jerusalem Talmud.

Johanan bar Nappaha
See Johanan (name) for more rabbis by this name.

Johanan bar Nappaha (Hebrew: יוחנן בר נפחא Yoḥanan bar Nafḥa or Napaḥa), also known simply as Rabbi Yochanan or Johanan bar Nafcha (180–279 CE), was a leading rabbi and second-generation Amora during the Talmudic era.

Johanan's opinions are quoted widely across the Jerusalem and Babylonian Talmuds. The compilation of the Jerusalem Talmud is generally ascribed to him.
McMurry reaction
The McMurry reaction is an organic reaction in which two ketone or aldehyde groups are coupled to form an alkene using a titanium chloride compound such as titanium(III) chloride and a reducing agent. The reaction is named after its co-discoverer, John E. McMurry. The McMurry reaction originally involved the use of a mixture TiCl3 and LiAlH4, which produces the active reagents. Related species have been developed involving the combination of TiCl3 or TiCl4 with various other reducing agents, including potassium, zinc, and magnesium. This reaction is related to the Pinacol coupling reaction which also proceeds by reductive coupling of carbonyl compounds.

Pinacol coupling reaction
A pinacol coupling reaction is an organic reaction in which a carbon–carbon bond is formed between the carbonyl groups of an aldehyde or a ketone in presence of an electron donor in a free radical process. The reaction product is a vicinal diol. The reaction is named after pinacol (also known as 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-butanediol or tetramethylethylene glycol), which is the product of this reaction when done with acetone as reagent. The reaction is usually a homocoupling but intramolecular cross-coupling reactions are also possible. Pinacol was discovered by Wilhelm Rudolph Fittig in 1859.
Battle of Chatkol
The Battle of Chatkol (also known as the 55 Nights of Chatkol) was the name given to the series of skirmishes in early 1953 between United Nations Command (UN) and Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) forces near the village of Chatkol at the centre of the Iron Triangle during the Korean War. The position was held by the Belgian UN contingent for 55 consecutive nights, during which time they came under heavy attack.

Belgian Volunteer Corps for Korea
The Volunteer Corps for Korea (French: Corps de Volontaires pour la Corée; Dutch: Vrijwilligerskorps voor Korea) was a Belgium–Luxembourg military force sent to assist South Korea during the Korean War. A battalion-sized unit, it arrived in Korea in 1951 and remained after the cease-fire until 1955. Over the course of its existence, 3,171 Belgians and 78 Luxembourgers served in the unit.
Emil Hartmann
Emil Hartmann (1 February 1836–18 July 1898) was a Danish composer of the romantic period, fourth generation of composers in the Danish Hartmann musical family. His music is distinctly Nordic and tuneful and won great popularity in his time.

Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann
Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann (14 May 1805 – 10 March 1900) was, together with his son-in-law Niels W. Gade, the leading Danish composer of the 19th century, a period known as the Danish Golden Age. According to Alfred Einstein, he was "the real founder of the Romantic movement in Denmark and even in all Scandinavia". J.P.E. Hartmann was the third generation of composers in the Danish musical Hartmann family.
Chloranilic acid
Chloranilic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6Cl2O2(OH)2.  It is a red-orange solid.  The compound is obtained by hydrolysis of chloranil:

C6Cl4O2  +  2 H2O   →  C6Cl2O2(OH)2  +  2 HCl

It is centrosymmetric, planar molecule.  It also crystallizes as a dihydrate.

Chloranilic acid is a noteworthy hydroxyquinone that is somewhat acidic owing to the presence of the two chloride substituents.  The conjugate base, C6H2Cl2O42- readily forms coordination complexes often linking pairs of many metal ions.

Chloranil
Chloranil is a quinone with the molecular formula C6Cl4O2. Also known as tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone, it is a yellow solid. Like the parent benzoquinone, chloranil is a planar molecule that functions as a mild oxidant.
Scleropages jardinii
Scleropages jardinii, the Gulf saratoga, Australian bonytongue, pearl arowana or northern saratoga, is a freshwater bony fish native to Australia and New Guinea, one of two species of fishes sometimes known as Australian arowana, the other being Scleropages leichardti. It has numerous other common names, including northern saratoga, toga and barramundi (not to be confused with the barramundi perch, Lates calcarifer). It is a member of the subfamily Osteoglossinae, a (basal) teleost group. Its scientific name is sometimes spelled S. jardini.

Barramundi
The barramundi (Lates calcarifer), Asian sea bass, or giant sea perch (also known as dangri, kalanji, apahap, siakap, or chonok) is a species of catadromous fish in the family Latidae of the order Carangiformes. The species is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, spanning the waters of the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Oceania.
Korea National League
The Korea National League (Korean: 내셔널리그) was a South Korean semi-professional football league held annually from 2003 to 2019. It was considered the second-highest division of the South Korean football league system before the K League 2 was launched in 2013, and the third-highest division since then.

South Korean football league system
The South Korean football league system contains two professional leagues, two semi-professional leagues, and various amateur leagues for Korean football clubs.

The highest level of football in South Korea is the K League 1, which was founded in 1983. K League 2 was founded in 2013 and is currently a second division. Below the level of the professional leagues are the semi-professional K3 League, which was founded in 2007 and refounded in 2020, and the K4 League, which was founded in 2020, and serve as the third division and fourth division, respectively.

There was no avenue for progression between any of the leagues until 2012, when the K League 2 was founded.

The highest level of women's football in South Korea is the WK League, which was founded in 2009.
Kot Lalu
Kot lalu (Sindhi: ڪوٽ لالُو) is a town located in Khairpur district, in Sindh, Pakistan. The town's name in English is also spelt Kot Lalloo. Kot lalu is rich with fertile lands and some areas are covered with sand dunes. The town has a hot climate, ranging from 40° to 60° Celsius. In winter, the average temperature falls by 10 °C. There is ancient muddy kot situated in Kot Laloo (Kot Lalu) on the Nawabshah Kumb bypass.

Mehran Highway
Mehran Highway (Sindhi: مِهِراڻ ُ هاءِوي, Urdu: مهران شاہراہ, also known locally as Nawabshah–Kot Lalu–Kumb Road and officially as Highway 31) is a two-lane-wide, bidirectional, single carriageway, provincially maintained highway in Sindh that extends from Khairpur to Nawabshah. The route is generally rural, passing near several smaller towns including Daur and Bandhi in Shaheed Benazir Abad District and Kot Lalu, Pacca Chang, Karoondi, Sui Gas, and Ranipur in Khairpur District. The northern terminus merges with the N-5 National Highway at Ranipur while the southern terminus merges with N-305 National Highway at Zero Point Nawabshah.
Axion Dark Matter Experiment
The Axion Dark Matter Experiment (ADMX, also written as Axion Dark Matter eXperiment in the project's documentation) is an experiment that  uses a resonant microwave cavity within a large superconducting magnet to search for cold dark matter axions in the local galactic dark matter halo. Unusual for a dark matter detector, it is not located deep underground. Sited at the Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics (CENPA) at the University of Washington, ADMX is a large collaborative effort with researchers from universities and laboratories around the world.

Axion
An axion (/ˈæksiɒn/) is a hypothetical elementary particle originally theorized in 1978 independently by Frank Wilczek and Steven Weinberg as the Goldstone boson of Peccei–Quinn theory, which had been proposed in 1977 to solve the strong CP problem in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). If axions exist and have low mass within a specific range, they are of interest as a possible component of cold dark matter.