hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Aljubarrota
The Battle of Aljubarrota was fought between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Crown of Castile on 14 August 1385. Forces commanded by King John I of Portugal and his Constable Nuno Álvares Pereira, with the support of English allies, opposed the army of King John I of Castile with its Aragonese and French allies, as well as Genoese mercenaries at São Jorge, between the towns of Leiria and Alcobaça, in central Portugal. The result was a decisive victory for the Portuguese, ruling out Castilian ambitions to the Portuguese throne, ending the 1383–85 Crisis and assuring John's position as King of Portugal.

Portuguese independence was safeguarded and a new dynasty, the House of Aviz, was established. Scattered border confrontations with Castilian troops would persist until the death of John I of Castile in 1390, but these posed no real threat to the new dynasty.

John I of Portugal
John I (Portuguese: João [ʒuˈɐ̃w̃]; 11 April 1357 – 14 August 1433), also called John of Aviz, was King of Portugal from 1385 until his death in 1433. He is recognized chiefly for his role in Portugal's victory in a succession war with Castile, preserving his country's independence and establishing the Aviz (or Joanine) dynasty on the Portuguese throne. His long reign of 48 years, the most extensive of all Portuguese monarchs, saw the beginning of Portugal's overseas expansion. John's well-remembered reign in his country earned him the epithet of Fond Memory (de Boa Memória).
Treaty of Bucharest (1913)
The Treaty of Bucharest (Romanian: Tratatul de la București; Serbian: Букурештански мир; Bulgarian: Букурещки договор; Greek: Συνθήκη του Βουκουρεστίου) was concluded on 10 August 1913, by the delegates of Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro and Greece. The Treaty was concluded in the aftermath of the Second Balkan War and amended the previous Treaty of London, which ended the First Balkan War. About one month later, the Bulgarians signed a separate border treaty (the Treaty of Constantinople) with the Ottomans, who had regained some territory west of the Enos-Midia Line during the second war.

Treaty of Constantinople (1913)
The Treaty of Constantinople (Treaty of İstanbul) was a treaty between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Bulgaria signed on 29 September 1913 after the Second Balkan War at the Ottoman capital Constantinople, modern İstanbul.
Rangituhi / Colonial Knob
Rangituhi / Colonial Knob (Māori: [ɾaŋitʉhi]) is a large hill or mountain southwest of Porirua city and west of the northern Wellington suburb of Tawa. The peak's summit stands at 468 m (1,535 ft). Kapiti Island and Mana Island can be seen from the peak, and on a clear day the inland Kaikōura Ranges to the south and Mount Taranaki to the north may also be seen.

Rangituhi / Colonial Knob was formed from part of a 30–40 million year old peneplain, that has since been raised by earthquakes and eroded.

The hill is the location of the Rangituhi / Colonial Knob Scenic Reserve administered by the Department of Conservation, and Te Rāhui o Rangituhi and Spicer Botanical Park both administered by Porirua City Council. These reserves include a significant amount of the remaining native forest in the Tawa-Porirua Basin.

The Rangituhi / Colonial Knob Walkway makes up part of the Te Araroa national walkway.

Porirua
Porirua, (Māori: Pari-ā-Rua) a city in the Wellington Region of the North Island of New Zealand, is one of the four cities that constitute the Wellington metropolitan area. The name 'Porirua' is a corruption of 'Pari-rua', meaning "the tide sweeping up both reaches". It almost completely surrounds Porirua Harbour at the southern end of the Kāpiti Coast. As of 2023, Porirua has a population of 62,400 people,
and is a diverse city with 26.5% of the population identifying as Pasifika   and 23.0% of the population identifying as Māori.
Beuronese Congregation
The Beuronese Congregation, also known as Beuron Congregation, is a union of mostly German or German-speaking monasteries of both monks and nuns within the Benedictine Confederation. The congregation is under the patronage of Martin of Tours, the patron saint of the Archabbey of Beuron.

Beuron Archabbey
Beuron Archabbey (in German Erzabtei Beuron, otherwise Erzabtei St. Martin; in Latin Archiabbatia Sancti Martini Beuronensis; Swabian: Erzabtei Beira) is a major house of the Benedictine Order located at Beuron in the upper Danube valley in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
Background Six
The Background Six are six background characters from the animated television series My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic: Derpy Hooves, Dr. Whooves, Lyra Heartstrings, Bon Bon, Vinyl Scratch, and Octavia Melody. Unlike the official Mane Six, this grouping is not officially canon to the series but represents background characters who gained significant popularity within the brony fandom.

The Background Six began as unnamed background ponies in crowd scenes and were given names, personalities, and relationships by the fan community before they received official recognition from the show's creators. Several of the Background Six were originally created as simple background elements by the animation team at DHX Media but evolved into beloved figures with dedicated followings, fan art, and fan fiction. The popularity of the Background Six has influenced the show's later development, with some characters receiving expanded roles, official names, and merchandise.

Mane Six
The Mane Six are the main characters of the animated television series My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic. The group consists of six pony friends: Twilight Sparkle, Applejack, Rainbow Dash, Pinkie Pie, Rarity, and Fluttershy. Created by Lauren Faust, the Mane Six were designed to represent different elements and positive aspects of friendship through the Elements of Harmony, a set of six magical artifacts used to defend Equestria against powerful threats.

The series focuses on the adventures and relationships of these six characters as they learn about friendship together. Each character was designed to represent a specific element: honesty (Applejack), kindness (Fluttershy), laughter (Pinkie Pie), generosity (Rarity), loyalty (Rainbow Dash), and magic (Twilight Sparkle). The Mane Six have been well-received by television critics and are cited as one of the main reasons the series attracted an older fanbase known as bronies.
Harald Brattbakk
Harald Martin Brattbakk (born 1 February 1971) is a Norwegian former professional footballer who played as a striker. He was the all-time top scorer in the Norwegian top division with 166 goals in 255 matches, before being surpassed by Sigurd Rushfeldt in 2011. After his retirement from playing he became a pilot.

Sigurd Rushfeldt
Sigurd Rushfeldt (born 11 December 1972) is a Norwegian football coach and former player who works as an assistant coach for Tromsø. During his playing career, he played for Tromsø, Birmingham City, Rosenborg, Racing de Santander, and Austria Wien. As a forward, he is well known for his strength and for being a prolific goalscorer. Rushfeldt is the all-time top goal scorer of Eliteserien.

Rushfeldt scored 246 league goals in his career, including a record 172 in Eliteserien.
Dahlonega Mint
34°31′48″N 83°59′14″W﻿ / ﻿34.5299°N 83.9871°W﻿ / 34.5299; -83.9871The Dahlonega Mint was a former branch of the United States Mint built during the Georgia Gold Rush to help the miners get their gold assayed and minted, without having to travel to the Philadelphia Mint.: 80–81, 105   It was located at (34°31.8′N 83°59.2′W ) in Dahlonega, Lumpkin County, Georgia. Coins produced at the Dahlonega Mint bear the "D" mint mark. That mint mark is used today by the Denver Mint, which opened in 1906, over four decades after the Dahlonega Mint closed. All coins from the Dahlonega Mint are gold, in the $1, $2.50, $3, and $5 denominations, and bear dates in the range 1838–1861.

Denver Mint
The Denver Mint is a branch of the United States Mint that struck its first coins on February 1, 1906. The mint is still operating and producing coins for circulation, as well as mint sets and commemorative coins. Coins produced at the Denver Mint bear a D mint mark (as did the Dahlonega Mint, which closed before the Denver branch opened). The Denver Mint is the single largest producer of coins in the world.
Superliga 2 de Voleibol Masculina
The Superliga 2 de Voleibol Masculina (SM-2), is the second category league of Spanish Volleyball, under the Superliga de Voleibol Masculina. The administration of the league is carried out by the Real Federación Española de Voleibol.

Superliga de Voleibol Masculina
The Superliga de Voleibol Masculina, (SVM) is the top level of the Spanish volleyball. The championship was founded in 1983. Formerly known as Campeonato Nacional de División de Honor Masculina, and, since 1983 as the current name. The administration of the league is carried out by the Real Federación Española de Voleibol.
Advisory Council on Scientific Policy
The Advisory Council on Scientific Policy was a UK Government body established in 1947. It had a duty to advise the Lord President of the council on his responsibilities in the formulation and execution of Government scientific policy. It was dissolved in 1964 when its responsibilities devolved to the Council for Scientific Policy.

Council for Scientific Policy
The Council for Scientific Policy, 1965–1972, was a council set up in the United Kingdom by the Secretary of State for Education and Science. The council advised the secretary of state on all aspects of his responsibilities with reference to science policy.
Beaumontoperca
Beaumontoperca is an extinct genus of freshwater or estuarine temperate bass known from Late Oligocene. It contains a single species, B. beaumonti, from the Niveau du gypse d'Aix Formation of Aix-en-Provence, France.

Initially described by Louis Agassiz as Perca beaumonti, it was moved into its own genus, Beaumontoperca, in 2000 following further studies. It is considered to likely be a member of the Moronidae due to the morphology of its saccular otolith.

Moronidae
The Moronidae  is a family of percomorph fishes, commonly called the temperate basses, in the order Moroniformes. These fishes are found in the freshwaters of North America and the coastal waters of the North Atlantic.
Jean Félix-Tchicaya
Jean Félix-Tchicaya was a Congolese politician in the French colony of Middle Congo. He was born in Libreville on November 9, 1903, and was a member of the royal family of the Kingdom of Loango.

In 1945, he was elected as the first deputy for Middle-Congo and the Gabon in the French National Assembly, a seat he retained until the end of the French Fourth Republic. He helped found the Congolese Progressive Party (PPC), a Congolese branch of the African Democratic Rally, in 1946.

He died in Pointe Noire on January 15, 1961, seeing his rival Fulbert Youlou gain power over a newly independent Republic of Congo.

Fulbert Youlou
Fulbert Youlou (19 July 1917 – 6 May 1972) was a Congolese nationalist leader and former Catholic priest who became the first President of the Republic of the Congo upon its independence in 1960.

In August 1960, Youlou led his country into independence. In December 1960, he organised an intercontinental conference in Brazzaville, wherein he praised the advantages of economic liberalism and condemned communism. Youlou disappointed many when he imposed a single-party system and imprisoned union leaders in August 1963; this led to the revolution of the Trois Glorieuses (English: "Three Glorious Days"). Charles de Gaulle despised Youlou and France refused to assist him. Youlou resigned thereafter in the face of overwhelming opposition to his governance.
Whānau
Whānau (Māori pronunciation: [ˈfaːnaʉ]) is the Māori word for the basic extended family group. Within Māori society the whānau encompasses three or four generations and forms the political unit below the levels of hapū (subtribe), iwi (tribe or nation) and waka (migration canoe). These steps are emphasised in Māori genealogy as a person's whakapapa.

Hapū
In Māori and New Zealand English, a hapū ("subtribe", or "clan") functions as "the basic political unit within Māori society".  A Māori person can belong to or have links to many hapū. Historically, each hapū had its own chief and normally operated independently of its iwi (tribe).
Sleeve valve
The sleeve valve is a type of valve mechanism for piston engines, distinct from the usual poppet valve. Sleeve valve engines saw use in a number of pre–World War II luxury cars and in the United States in the Willys-Knight car and light truck. They subsequently fell from use due to advances in poppet-valve technology, including sodium cooling, and the Knight system double sleeve engine's tendency to burn a lot of lubricating oil or to seize due to lack of it. The Scottish Argyll company used its own, much simpler and more efficient, single sleeve system (Burt-McCollum) in its cars, a system which, after extensive development, saw substantial use in British aircraft engines of the 1940s, such as the Napier Sabre, Bristol Hercules, Centaurus, and the promising but never mass-produced Rolls-Royce Crecy, only to be supplanted by the jet engines.

Bristol Centaurus
The Centaurus was the final development of the Bristol Engine Company's series of sleeve valve radial aircraft engines. The Centaurus is an 18-cylinder, two-row design that eventually delivered over 3,000 hp (2,200 kW). The engine was introduced into service late in the Second World War and was one of the most powerful aircraft piston engines to see service.
Eau Claire River (Wisconsin River tributary)
The Eau Claire River is a river in the U.S. state of Wisconsin.  It is a tributary of the Wisconsin River.  The Eau Claire River originates in western Langlade County and flows into Marathon County.

The Eau Claire River flows through "Dells of the Eau Claire" then to Wausau before it converges into the Wisconsin River just north of Schofield.

Wisconsin River
The Wisconsin River is the longest river in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, at approximately 430 miles (692 km) long. As a tributary of the Mississippi River, it is part of the Mississippi River System. The river's name was first recorded in 1673 by Jacques Marquette as "Meskousing" from his Indian guides - most likely Miami for "river running through a red place."

The river has been used for transportation, hunting, and fishing since prehistoric times. In the lumber industry, loggers used the upper reaches of the river and its tributaries to drive logs to their sawmills and the lower reaches to float rafts of sawn boards to markets as near as Portage and as far as St. Louis. Today, it is source of energy and tourism: dams along the river generate hydroelectric power, and people fish, boat, water-ski and sight-see on the river. It is home to many species of fish and other wildlife.
Høylandsbygda
Høylandsbygda is a village in Kvinnherad Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the eastern part of the island of Halsnøya. It is one of the largest urban areas on the island, just after Sæbøvik and Eidsvik. While originally one of the island's largest farming villages, today it is renowned for its position in Norwegian shipping industry.

Until 1964, the village was divided between two municipalities: Fjelberg Municipality and Skånevik Municipality, with the border running in parallel with today's main road called Slettanesveien. Since 1964, it has been part of Kvinnherad Municipality.

Sæbøvik
Sæbøvik is a village in Kvinnherad Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the narrow, western part of the island of Halsnøya, about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) west of the village of Høylandsbygda and immediately east of the village of Eidsvik. The village is located at the southern end of the Halsnøy Tunnel.

The 0.66-square-kilometre (160-acre) village has a population (2025) of 554 and a population density of 839 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,170/sq mi). This makes it the largest urban area on the island, followed by the neighboring village of Eidsvik.
Heckmondwike
Heckmondwike is a town in the Kirklees district, West Yorkshire, England, 9 miles (14 km) south west of Leeds. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is close to Cleckheaton and Liversedge. It is in the Spen Valley parliamentary constituency, and had an estimated population of 16,986 at the 2011 Census increasing to 18,149 at the 2021 Census. Heckmondwike forms part of the Heavy Woollen District.

Liversedge
Liversedge is an industrial town in the Kirklees district, in West Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Liversedge lies between Cleckheaton and Heckmondwike. The Kirklees ward is now called Liversedge and Gomersal with a population at the 2011 Census of 19,420. Liversedge forms part of the Heavy Woollen District and was historically part of the parish of Birstall.
Manny Ott
Manuel Gelito Ott (born 6 May 1992) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Thai League 1 club Rayong. Born in Germany, he represents the Philippines at international level.

Born and raised in Germany, he started his professional career with the second team of Ingolstadt. He then had two spells with Filipino club Ceres/United City where he won four league titles.

At international level, he represents the Philippines, for whom he is eligible through his mother. He has taken part in the Southeast Asian Games, AFF Championship, and AFC Asian Cup. His younger brother Mike is also a footballer and has been his teammate for both club and country.

Mike Ott
Mike Rigoberto Ott (born 2 March 1995) is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Philippines Football League club Kaya–Iloilo. Born in Germany, he plays for the Philippines national team.
Greenbank, Bristol
Greenbank is a small informal district in the city of Bristol, England, nestling between Easton to the west, Eastville to the north-east, Clay Bottom and Rose Green to the east, and Whitehall to the south. The area is mainly one of 1890s terraced housing with some present millennium housing on the north eastern edge of the cemetery. Nearly all of the housing is in the north-east of Easton electoral ward, though the road Greenbank View and the cemetery are in Eastville electoral ward.

Whitehall, Bristol
Whitehall is a predominantly residential neighbourhood in the east of Bristol, England. It is an informally defined area centred on Whitehall Road and bordering the neighbourhoods of Crofts End to the north, Speedwell to the east, St George to the south, and Easton and Greenbank to the west.

For administrative purposes, it is divided between the Bristol City Council wards of Easton, Eastville and St George West.
Going up and going down
In commutative algebra, a branch of mathematics, going up and going down are terms which refer to certain properties of chains of prime ideals in integral extensions.

The phrase going up refers to the case when a chain can be extended by "upward inclusion", while going down refers to the case when a chain can be extended by "downward inclusion".

The major results are the Cohen–Seidenberg theorems, which were proved by Irvin S. Cohen and Abraham Seidenberg. These are known as the going-up and going-down theorems.

Integral element
In commutative algebra, an element b of a commutative ring B is said to be integral over a subring A of B if b is a root of some monic polynomial over A.

If A, B are fields, then the notions of "integral over" and of an "integral extension" are precisely "algebraic over" and "algebraic extensions" in field theory (since the root of any polynomial is the root of a monic polynomial).

The case of greatest interest in number theory is that of complex numbers integral over Z (e.g.,  or ); in this context, the integral elements are usually called algebraic integers.  The algebraic integers in a finite extension field k of the rationals Q form a subring of k, called the ring of integers of k, a central object of study in algebraic number theory.

In this article, the term ring will be understood to mean commutative ring with a multiplicative identity.
Llorarás
"Llorarás" (English: You Will Cry) is a song by Puerto Rico reggaetón duo R.K.M & Ken-Y from their first compilation album Masterpiece: Commemorative Edition (2007). It was released as the lead single from the album, which is a re-edition of their debut studio album Masterpiece (2006) when they were still known as Rakim & Ken-Y on June 5, 2007. The song's accompanying music video was released on September 4, 2007, in promotion of the single. The song departs from R.K.M & Ken-Y's musical style of reggaetón which characterized their previous album to explore Contemporary R&B. It reached the Top 10 of the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart becoming the duo's last single to enter the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart, until "Te Regalo Amores" a year later. It received an award for "Urban Song of the Year" at the ASCAP Latin Music Awards of 2008. It was later included on the duo's first compilation album The Last Chapter (2010).

Te Regalo Amores
"Te Regalo Amores" (English: I'll Give You Love) is a song by Puerto Rican reggaeton duo R.K.M & Ken-Y from their second studio album The Royalty: La Realeza (2008). It was written by Jose Nieves and Kenny Vazquez, produced by Los Magnificos, Mambo Kings, and Janet Santiago and released as the second single from the album on August 26, 2008. A remix version with Ivy Queen was recorded and also included on the album. The song is a mixture of Cumbia and Merengue to create a lighter Latin pop sound.

The song's accompanying music video was released on September 26, 2008. It features a telenovela type setting and plot. It has attained over ten million views. The music video to remix version was released on November 26, 2008. It features Queen, as she appears and performs her verses. Queen's remix has attained over 100 million views.
Lamprey pie
Lamprey pie is a pastry dish made from sea lampreys or European river lampreys.  Lampreys were a delicacy for the wealthy in medieval England and were often given as gifts to royalty as a means of seeking favour.  It became tradition for the city of Gloucester to give the monarch a lamprey pie each Christmas.  In 1200 the city was fined 40 marks (equivalent to £47,000 in 2023) for failing to provide the pie.  The annual custom ended in 1836, but in 1893 it was revived when Gloucester mayor, John A. Matthews wished to send a pie to Queen Victoria during her Jubilee Year. The pie was made and sent annually by John A. Fisher and Sons, Ltd., Tudor House, Gloucester, until in 1917 King George V requested that the gifting be suspended until World War One had ended. It was never revived. John A. Fisher died at age 82 in 1929. A lamprey pie is still presented on special occasions such as coronations and jubilees.

Sea lamprey
The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is a parasitic lamprey native to the Northern Hemisphere. It is sometimes referred to as the "vampire fish".

It was likely introduced to the Great Lakes region through the Erie Canal in 1825 and the Welland Canal in 1919 where it has attacked native fish such as lake trout, lake whitefish, chub, and lake herring. Sea lampreys are considered a pest in the Great Lakes region as each individual has the potential of killing 40 pounds of fish through its 12–18 month feeding period.
Kaetsunou Bus
Kaetsunō Railway (加越能鉄道株式会社, Kaetsunō Tetsudō Kabushiki Kaisha) is a bus company operating in the central and western parts of Toyama Prefecture, Japan. Contrary to its name, the company no longer operates railway lines. Its last Manyō Line was handed over to Manyōsen in 2002.

Manyosen
Manyosen (万葉線, Man'yōsen) is a third-sector electric railway (tram) line in Takaoka, Toyama, Japan. The name Manyosen, which literally translates to Manyo Line, is used to refer to both the company and the name of the tram line they operate. Their head office, depot and maintenance facility is located adjacent to the Yonejimaguchi tram stop.