hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Rodgers (architect)
Robert Perry Rodgers (July 1, 1895 – June 4, 1934) was an American architect who served in the U.S. Navy in World War I. His work was part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics.  He graduated from Harvard University in 1917 and École des Beaux-Arts.

Along with New York architect Alfred Easton Poor, Rodgers won the open international design competition for the Wright Brothers National Memorial in 1928.

Rodgers was the last of the line of the Perry and Rodgers naval families. He was the great grandson of Commander Matthew C. Perry and son of Admiral John Augustus Rodgers Sr.

Rodgers lived at Sion Hill and in New York where he maintained his architecture firm. He died on June 4, 1934 after a short illness.

Alfred Easton Poor
Alfred Easton Poor (May 24, 1899 – January 13, 1988) was an American architect noted particularly for buildings and projects in New York City and in Washington, D.C., for the U.S. government.

A son of Charles Lane Poor, Alfred Poor served in the U.S. Navy in World War I and in the U.S. Navy Reserve in World War II.

As a student at the University of Pennsylvania, he studied under Paul Philippe Cret.

Poor served as the president of the National Academy of Design in New York from 1966 to 1977, organizing its 150th anniversary in 1975. He has been called "one of America's most prominent twentieth century architects" and a "prominent member of the international school of modern architecture."
The Mission (1986 film)
The Mission is a 1986 British historical drama film directed by Roland Joffé, from a screenplay by Robert Bolt. It stars Robert De Niro and Jeremy Irons, with Ray McAnally, Aidan Quinn, Cherie Lunghi and Liam Neeson in supporting roles. It is about the experiences of a Jesuit missionary in 18th-century South America. The film is partly based on Paraguayan saint Roque González y de Santa Cruz and the Guaraní War.

The film premiered in competition at the 39th Cannes Film Festival, winning the Palme d'Or. At the 59th Academy Awards, it was nominated for seven awards including Best Picture and Best Director, winning for Best Cinematography. The film has also been cited as one of the greatest religious films of all time, appearing in the Vatican film list's "Religion" section and being number one on the Church Times's Top 50 Religious Films list.

Vatican's list of films
In 1995, the Pontifical Council for Social Communications released Alcuni film importanti (Some Important Films), a list of 45 films divided into the categories of religion, values, and art. These films were recommended for viewing by Pope John Paul II and John Patrick Foley.
Hemideina thoracica
Hemideina thoracica, commonly known as the Auckland tree wētā or tokoriro is a cricket-like insect (within the family Anostostomatidae). It is endemic to New Zealand and is found over most of the North Island, except for the Wellington region and regions 900 metres above sea level. This species is an arboreal, herbivorous generalist however, it is also thought to be polyphagous and is found in all wooded habitats, including forest, scrub and suburban gardens.

H. thoracica is morphologically uniform but chromosomally polymorphic. It comprises at least eight chromosomal races with diploid numbers from 2n=11 (XO) to 2n=23 (XO). There are hybrid zones where some of the chromosomal races meet. Phylogenetically, it is most closely related to the other North Island species (H. crassidens and H. trewicki). The conservation status of H. thoracica is "not threatened" however, the chromosome race on Karikari Peninsular (2n=23/24) is listed as "nationally vulnerable".

Hemideina trewicki
Hemideina trewicki, the Hawke's Bay tree wētā, is a large arboreal long-horned cricket in the order Orthoptera. The species is endemic to New Zealand and restricted to the Hawke's Bay region of North Island

Hemideina trewicki is a cryptic species: it looks like the Wellington tree wētā, H. crassidens, but has a different number of chromosomes. All tree wētā (genus Hemideina) are nocturnal flightless herbivores. During the day they hide from predators in hollow branches and crevices. At night they search in trees for leaves, flowers and fruits to eat.
Ellesmere, Shropshire
Ellesmere (/ˈɛlzmɪər/ ELZ-meer) is a town in the civil parish of Ellesmere Urban, in Shropshire, England; it is located near to the Welsh border, the towns of Oswestry and Whitchurch, and the Welsh city of Wrexham. It is notable for its proximity to a number of prominent meres.

Whitchurch, Shropshire
Whitchurch is a market town in the civil parish of Whitchurch Urban, in north of Shropshire, England. It lies 2 miles (3 km) east of the Welsh border, 2 miles south of the Cheshire border, 20 miles (30 km) north of the county town of Shrewsbury, 20 miles (30 km) south of Chester, and 15 miles (24 km) east of Wrexham. At the 2021 census, the population of the Whitchurch Urban parish was 10,141, and the population of the Whitchurch built up area was 9,855. Whitchurch is the oldest continuously inhabited town in Shropshire. Notable people who have lived in Whitchurch include the composer Sir Edward German, and illustrator Randolph Caldecott.
Pennsylvania Route 475
Pennsylvania Route 475 (PA 475) is a 19.6-mile-long (31.5 km) state highway located in Fulton and Huntingdon counties in Pennsylvania.  The southern terminus is at US 522 in Dublin Township.  The northern terminus is at PA 994 near Rockhill Furnace. The route was created in 1964, replacing Pennsylvania Route 176 due to the designation of Interstate 176 (I-176) in Pennsylvania.

Pennsylvania Route 994
Pennsylvania Route 994 (PA 994) is a highway in Pennsylvania, United States, which runs for 27+1⁄2 miles (44.3 km). It runs from PA 26 in Entriken to U.S. Route 522 (US 522) in Orbisonia.

This highway crosses Raystown Lake via a bridge over the lake. Fireworks are held at the Raystown Lake Resort on Memorial Day Weekend, July 3 and the Sunday night before Labor Day. The fireworks at the resort are watched on the lake but they can be seen from the bridge because the resort is just south of the PA 994 bridge which crosses Raystown Lake.
Rani (tribe)
The Rani or Rujani (German: Ranen, Rujanen) were a West Slavic tribe based on the island of Rugia (Rügen) and the southwestern mainland across the Strelasund in what is today northeastern Germany.

The Rani tribe emerged after the Slavic settlement of the region in the ninth century, and ranked among the most powerful of several small Slav tribes between the Elbe and lower Vistula rivers before the thirteenth century. They were among the last tribes to hold to Slavic paganism, and the influence of their religious center at Arkona reached far beyond their tribal borders.

In 1168, the Rani were defeated by King Valdemar I of Denmark, and his adviser Absalon, Bishop of Roskilde, resulting in the conversion of the region to Christianity. In the course of the Ostsiedlung of the thirteenth century, the tribe was assimilated by German and Danish settlers and the Rani were gradually Germanised. The Principality of Rugia remained Danish until 1325.

Principality of Rügen
The Principality of Rügen was a Danish principality, formerly a duchy, consisting of the island of Rügen and the adjacent mainland from 1168 until 1325. It was governed by a local dynasty of princes of the Wizlawiden (House of Wizlaw) dynasty. For at least part of this period, Rügen was subject to the Holy Roman Empire.
Salamis Bay
Salamis Bay (Greek: Όρμος Σαλαμίνος) is a bay on the west coast of Salamis Island, Greece. It connects with the Saronic Gulf to the west. Its maximum length is approximately 9 km from northeast to west. Cape Petriti forms its southwestern end. The main town of the island, Salamina, is on the northeastern end of the bay. The village Aianteio is on its south coast.

The bay is surrounded by steep hills.

37°56′N 23°28′E﻿ / ﻿37.94°N 23.46°E﻿ / 37.94; 23.46

Salamis Island
Salamis (/ˈsæləmɪs/ SAL-ə-miss; Ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Σαλαμίς, romanized: Salamís) or Salamina (Modern Greek: Σαλαμίνα, romanized: Salamína) is the largest Greek island in the Saronic Gulf, about two kilometres (one nautical mile) from the coast of Athens' port of Piraeus and about 16 km (8+1⁄2 nmi) west of Athens center.

The chief city, Salamina, lies in the west-facing core of the crescent on Salamis Bay, which opens into the Saronic Gulf. On the eastern side of the island its main port, Paloukia, connects the island with Perama in the western part of Athens urban area through a frequent ferry line and is the second largest port in Greece in terms of passengers, after the port of Piraeus.
Alice Weidel
Alice Elisabeth Weidel (German: [aˈliːs eˈliːzabɛt ˈvaɪdl̩]; born 6 February 1979) is a German far-right politician who has been serving as co-chairwoman of the far-right populist Alternative for Germany (AfD) party alongside Tino Chrupalla since June 2022. Since October 2017, she has held the position of leader of the AfD parliamentary group in the Bundestag.

Weidel became a member of the Bundestag (MdB) in the 2017 federal election, where she was the AfD's lead candidate alongside Alexander Gauland. In the 2021 federal election, she once again served as their lead candidate, alongside Tino Chrupalla. From February 2020 to July 2022, Weidel held the position of chairwoman of the AfD state association in Baden-Württemberg. In 2024, she was selected as her party's candidate for Chancellor in the 2025 German federal election.

Tino Chrupalla
Tino Chrupalla (German: [ˈtiːno kʁʊˈpala]; born 14 April 1975) is a German politician from the far-right party Alternative for Germany (AfD). A member of the German parliament (Bundestag) since 2017, he has served as co-chairman of the AfD since 2019 along with Alice Weidel. In November 2019, Chrupalla was nominated by Alexander Gauland to replace the latter as co-chairman of the AfD; he later won election as co-chair. He is notable for his pro-Russian and anti-Western views on foreign policy.
Absolute rotation
In physics, the concept of absolute rotation—rotation independent of any external reference—is a topic of debate about relativity, cosmology, and the nature of physical laws.

For the concept of absolute rotation to be scientifically meaningful, it must be measurable. In other words, can an observer distinguish between the rotation of an observed object and their own rotation? Newton suggested two experiments to resolve this problem. One is the bucket argument, regarding the effects of centrifugal force upon the shape of the surface of water rotating in a bucket; it is equivalent to the phenomenon of rotational gravity used in proposals for human spaceflight.
The second is the effect of centrifugal force upon the tension in a string joining two spheres rotating about their center of mass.

Centrifugal force
In Newtonian mechanics, a centrifugal force is a kind of fictitious force (or inertial force) that appears to act on all objects when viewed in a rotating frame of reference. It appears to be directed perpendicularly from the axis of rotation of the frame. The magnitude of the centrifugal force F on an object of mass m at the perpendicular distance ρ from the axis of a rotating frame of reference with angular velocity ω is .

The concept of centrifugal force simplifies the analysis of rotating devices by adopting a co-rotating frame of reference, such as in centrifuges, centrifugal pumps, centrifugal governors, and centrifugal clutches, and in centrifugal railways, planetary orbits and banked curves. 
The same centrifugal effect observed on rotating devices can be analyzed in an inertial reference frame as a consequence of inertia and the physical forces without invoking a centrifugal force.
Terry Garvin
Terrence P. Joyal (March 1, 1937 – August 18, 1998), better known by his ring name Terry Garvin, was a Canadian professional wrestler. He is best known for his work with kayfabe brother Ron Garvin, with whom he won several tag team championships in the Southern United States. He is also known for his role in the ring boy scandal, a case of sexual harassment in 1992 that led to the end of his employment with the World Wrestling Federation.

Ron Garvin
Roger Barnes (born March 30, 1945) is a Canadian former professional wrestler, better known by his ring name, "Rugged" Ronnie Garvin. He is best known for his appearances with Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation in the late-1980s and early-1990s. Championships held by Garvin over his career include the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. He headlined the Starrcade '86: The Skywalkers pay-per-view event.
A Ball for Daisy
A Ball for Daisy is a 2011 children's wordless picture book written and illustrated by Chris Raschka. The book tells the story of a dog named Daisy, who has a beloved ball destroyed and then replaced. Raschka won the 2012 Caldecott Medal for his illustrations in the book. The creation of the book took years but was praised for its ability to evoke emotion in the reader. A sequel, Daisy Gets Lost, was released in 2013.

Daisy Gets Lost
Daisy Gets Lost is a 2013 children's picture book by Chris Raschka. It is a sequel of the 2011 book A Ball for Daisy and is about Daisy chasing a squirrel, becoming lost in a forest, but then being reunited with her owner.
Chang'ao
Chang-ao (simplified Chinese: 长袄; traditional Chinese: 長襖), lit. translated as "long jacket" or "long ao", is a historical long-length, Chinese upper garment called ao (袄), which was worn by women. It is also known as da ao (大袄) and chang ru (长襦; long ru jacket) which appears to be the precursor of the ao.

When paired with a skirt, the chang-ao forms a style of aoqun (i.e. jacket worn over a skirt). This set of attire is worn as a formal attire.

Ruqun
Ruqun (Chinese: 襦裙) is a set of traditional Han Chinese clothing which consists of a short jacket typically called rú (襦) worn under a long Chinese skirt called qún (裙). It has also become a general term to describe hanfu which consists of a separated upper garment and a wrap-around lower skirt, replacing the generic term yīcháng (衣裳).: 27  In this sense, ruqun can include the shanqun (衫裙) and aoqun (袄裙; 襖裙) in its definition.: 48–50 : 47–50, 54

The ruqun was worn by both men and women;: 48–50 : 47–50, 54  it was however primarily worn by women. It is the traditional Hanfu for the Han Chinese women. The aoqun and/or ruqun is the most basic set of clothing of Han Chinese women in China and has been an established tradition for thousands of years.: 47–50, 54  Various forms and style of Chinese trousers, referred broadly under the generic term ku, can also be worn under the ruqun.
Sleepy Creek
Sleepy Creek is a 44.0-mile-long (70.8 km) tributary of the Potomac River in the United States, belonging to the Chesapeake Bay's watershed. The stream rises in Frederick County, Virginia, and flows through Morgan County, West Virginia before joining the Potomac near the community of Sleepy Creek.

While Sleepy Creek Lake is a part of the Sleepy Creek watershed, it is an impoundment of its tributary, Meadow Branch, in Berkeley County, West Virginia and not of Sleepy Creek itself.

Meadow Branch
Meadow Branch is a 16.7-mile-long (26.9 km) tributary stream of Sleepy Creek in West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle region. It passes through the Sleepy Creek Wildlife Management Area, where it is dammed to form the 205-acre (0.83 km2) Sleepy Creek Lake.
Exeter Greyhound Stadium
Exeter Greyhound Stadium, also known as the Marsh Barton Stadium, was a greyhound racing stadium in Marsh Barton, Exeter.

It is not to be confused with the County Ground Stadium that also hosted independent greyhound racing from 1930 to 1986 and speedway from 1945 to 1951.

County Ground Stadium
The County Ground Stadium, also previously known as the Devon County Athletic Ground, was a rugby union, greyhound racing and speedway stadium in Exeter, Devon.

It was one of two separate venues in Exeter known as the County Ground, along with the still-used County Cricket Ground. It is also not to be confused with the Exeter Greyhound Stadium in Marsh Barton that also held greyhound racing and speedway.
Stourbridge Town railway station
Stourbridge Town is a railway station in the town of Stourbridge, West Midlands, England.  It is situated at the end of a short branch line linking the station with Stourbridge Junction, 0.8 miles away, where passengers can change for mainline train services. It is said to be the shortest operational branch railway line in Europe.

Stourbridge Town branch line
The Stourbridge Town branch line is a 0.8-mile (1.3 km) railway branch line, in Stourbridge, West Midlands, England. It is the shortest railway line in Britain. It is sometimes called the shortest line in Europe to host a daily service, although this is incorrect; it is notably beaten by the branch line to Friedrichshafen Hafen, in Germany.

The line, which was originally constructed to provide transshipment with the Stourbridge Town Arm of the Stourbridge Canal, is now solely used for passenger services.

The route is operated by Pre Metro Operations on behalf of West Midlands Trains. It is currently branded as part of the West Midlands Railway sub-brand. Under the previous franchise, which ended on 10 December 2017, the service was branded as the London Midland Stourbridge Shuttle. Service is provided using two Class 139 Parry People Movers.
Einstein's thought experiments
A hallmark of Albert Einstein's career was his use of visualized thought experiments (German: Gedankenexperiment) as a fundamental tool for understanding physical issues and for elucidating his concepts to others. Einstein's thought experiments took diverse forms. In his youth, he mentally chased beams of light. For special relativity, he employed moving trains and flashes of lightning to explain his theory. For general relativity, he considered a person falling off a roof, accelerating elevators, blind beetles crawling on curved surfaces and the like. In his debates with Niels Bohr on the nature of reality, he proposed imaginary devices that attempted to show, at least in concept, how the Heisenberg uncertainty principle might be evaded. In a contribution to the literature on quantum mechanics, Einstein considered two particles briefly interacting and then flying apart so that their states are correlated, anticipating the phenomenon known as quantum entanglement.

Special relativity
In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time. In Albert Einstein's 1905 paper, 
"On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies", the theory is presented as being based on just two postulates:

The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference (that is, frames of reference with no acceleration). This is known as the principle of relativity.

The speed of light in vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of light source or observer. This is known as the principle of light constancy, or the principle of light speed invariance.

The first postulate was first formulated by Galileo Galilei (see Galilean invariance).
Edgewell Personal Care
The Edgewell Personal Care Company is an American multinational consumer products company headquartered in Shelton, Connecticut. It was formed in 2015 following the corporate spin-off from Energizer Holdings, Inc..

Edgewell Personal Care was formed by the renaming of the original Energizer Holdings; Energizer's battery business was then spun-off as Energizer Household Products and then renamed Energizer Holdings.

Energizer
Energizer Holdings, Inc. is an American manufacturer and one of the world's largest manufacturers of batteries, headquartered in Clayton, Missouri. It produces batteries under the Energizer, Ray-O-Vac, Varta, and Eveready brand names and formerly owned several personal care businesses until it separated that side of the business into a new company called Edgewell Personal Care in 2015.

In January 2018, Energizer announced it was purchasing the global battery and lighting division from Spectrum Brands, which includes the Ray-O-Vac and Varta brands, for $2 billion in cash. This acquisition was finalized in January 2019 after a lengthy regulatory approval process.
Saskatchewan Highway 361
Highway 361 is a provincial highway in the south-east region of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from the Manitoba border just east of Fertile, where it continues eastward as Provincial Road 345, to the junction between Highways 47 and 702 just west of Cullen. It is about 121 kilometres (75 mi) long.

Highway 361 passes near the communities of Fertile, Storthoaks, Nottingham, Alida, Auburnton, Douglaston, Lampman, Luxton, and Cullen. It connects with Highways 600, 8, 318, 601, 603, 9 (Saskota Flyway), 604, and 605.

Saskatchewan Highway 8
Highway 8 is a provincial highway in Saskatchewan, Canada. The highway runs along the eastern side of the province from North Dakota Highway 28 at the U.S. border near Elmore until it transitions into Highway 982 just south of the Porcupine Hills. Along the route, it intersects both the Trans-Canada and Yellowhead Highways. It provides access to several towns and multiple smaller communities and is about 410 kilometres (250 mi) long. For most of the highway's route, it traverses relatively flat prairie. Along the way, though, it crosses three large river valleys, the Qu'Appelle River, Assiniboine River, and the Swan River.

Highway 8 is paved from Elmore (km 0) until Langenburg (km 215), and then from MacNutt (km 248) until km 396 near Swan Plain. In 2024, the section of Highway 8 from Rocanville south to Moosomin was named the worst road in Saskatchewan.
Hubertus Quellinus
Hubertus Quellinus or Hubert Quellinus (15 August 1619, Antwerp – 1687) was a Flemish printmaker, drawing artist and painter and a member of the prominent Quellinus family of artists.  His engravings after the work of his brother, the Baroque sculptor Artus Quellinus the Elder, were instrumental in the spread of the Flemish Baroque idiom in Europe in the second half of the 17th century.

Artus Quellinus the Elder
Artus Quellinus the Elder, Artus Quellinus I or Artus (Arnoldus) Quellijn (20 or 30 August 1609, Antwerp  – 23 August 1668, Antwerp) was a Flemish sculptor.  He is regarded as the most important representative of the Baroque in sculpture in the Southern Netherlands. He worked for a long period in the Dutch Republic and operated large workshops both in Antwerp and Amsterdam. His work had a major influence on the development of sculpture in Northern Europe.
Four Modernizations
The Four Modernizations (simplified Chinese: 四个现代化; traditional Chinese: 四個現代化) were goals formally announced by China's first Premier Zhou Enlai to strengthen the fields of agriculture, industry, defense, and science and technology in China. The Four Modernizations were adopted as a means of rejuvenating China's economy in 1977, following the death of Mao Zedong, and later were among the defining features of Deng Xiaoping's tenure as the paramount leader of China. At the beginning of "Reform and Opening-up", Deng further proposed the idea of "xiaokang" or "Moderately prosperous society" in 1979.

Moderately prosperous society
Moderately prosperous society or Xiaokang society (Chinese: 小康社会; pinyin: Xiǎokāng Shèhuì), is a Chinese term, originally of Confucianism, used to describe a society composed of a functional middle-class. In December 1979, Deng Xiaoping, then paramount leader of China, first proposed the idea of "Xiaokang" based on the "Four Modernizations".

The term is best known in recent years through its use by Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party between 2002 and 2012, when referring to economic policies intended to realize a more equal distribution of wealth. In the usages (Tifa) of current General Secretary Xi Jinping, the term Chinese Dream has gained somewhat greater prominence. In 2015, Xi unveiled a set of political slogans called the Four Comprehensives, which include "Comprehensively build a moderately prosperous society."