hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maisin language
Maisin (or Maisan) is a divergent Austronesian language of Papua New Guinea, containing Papuan features. It is a Nuclear Papuan Tip language, with the Papuan element being Binanderean or Dagan. It is spoken by the Maisin people of Oro Province.

Maisin displays significant lexical copying from Korafe, a neighboring Papuan language.

Other languages with disputed affiliation between either Austronesian or Papuan are Magori, the Reefs-Santa Cruz languages, the Lower Mamberamo languages, and the Pasismanua languages.

Magori language
Magori is a nearly extinct Austronesian language of Papua New Guinea that has been strongly restructured through contact with neighboring Papuan languages, perhaps Mailu, which the Magori people speak fluently today. The restructuring was so extensive that Magori's family was long in doubt; it was finally established by Dutton in 1976. Mailu (also called Magi) in turn borrowed large numbers of Austronesian words, either from Magori or its extinct Oumic relatives.
IBM RPG
RPG is a high-level programming language for business applications, introduced in 1959 for the IBM 1401. It is most well known as the primary programming language of IBM's midrange computer product line, including the IBM i operating system. RPG has traditionally featured a number of distinctive concepts, such as the program cycle, and the column-oriented syntax. The most recent version is RPG IV, which includes a number of modernization features, including free-form syntax.

IBM i
IBM i, the i standing for integrated, is an operating system developed by IBM for IBM Power Systems. It was originally released in 1988 as OS/400, as the sole operating system of the IBM AS/400 line of systems. It was renamed to i5/OS in 2004, before being renamed a second time to IBM i in 2008. It is an evolution of the System/38 CPF operating system, with compatibility layers for System/36 SSP and AIX applications. It inherits a number of distinctive features from the System/38 platform, including the Machine Interface which provides hardware independence, the implementation of object-based addressing on top of a single-level store, and the tight integration of a relational database into the operating system.
Demchok (historical village)
Demchok (Tibetan: ཌེམ་ཆོག, Wylie: bde mchog, THL: dem chok, ZWPY: dêmqog), was described by a British boundary commission in 1847 as a village lying on the border between the Kingdom of Ladakh and the Tibet. It was a "hamlet of half a dozen huts and tents", divided into two parts by a rivulet which formed the boundary between the two states. The rivulet, a tributary of the Indus River variously called the Demchok River, Charding Nullah, or the Lhari stream, was set as the boundary between Ladakh and Tibet in the 1684 Treaty of Tingmosgang. By 1904–05, the Tibetan side of the hamlet was said to have had 8 to 9 huts of zamindars (landholders), while the Ladakhi side had two. The area of the former Demchok now straddles the Line of Actual Control, the effective border of the People's Republic of China's Tibet Autonomous Region and the Republic of India's Ladakh Union Territory.

Kingdom of Maryul
Maryul (Ladakhi: མར་ཡུལ།), also called mar-yul of mnga'-ris, was the western-most Tibetan kingdom based in modern-day Ladakh and some parts of Tibet. The kingdom had its capital at Shey.

The kingdom was founded by Lhachen Palgyigon, during the rule of his father Kyide Nyimagon, in c. 930. It stretched from the Zoji La at the border of Kashmir to Demchok in the southeast, and included Rudok and other areas presently in Tibet. The kingdom came under the control of the Namgyal dynasty in 1460, eventually acquiring the name "Ladakh", and lasted until 1842. In that year, the Dogra general Zorawar Singh, having conquered it, made it part of the would-be princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.
Charles Brasch
Charles Orwell Brasch (27 July 1909 – 20 May 1973) was a New Zealand poet, literary editor and arts patron. He was the founding editor of the literary journal Landfall, and through his 20 years of editing the journal, had a significant impact on the development of a literary and artistic culture in New Zealand. His poetry continues to be published in anthologies today, and he provided substantial philanthropic support to the arts in New Zealand, including by establishing the Robert Burns Fellowship, the Frances Hodgkins Fellowship and the Mozart Fellowship at the University of Otago, by providing financial support to New Zealand writers and artists during his lifetime, and by bequeathing his extensive collection of books and artwork in his will to the Hocken Library and the University of Otago.

Hocken Collections
Hocken Collections (Māori: Uare Taoka o Hākena, formerly the Hocken Library) is a research library, historical archive, and art gallery based in Dunedin, New Zealand. Its library collection, which is of national significance, is administered by the University of Otago.

The Collections' specialist areas include items relating to the history of New Zealand and the Pacific, with specific emphasis on the Otago and Southland Regions. Open to the general public, the library is one of the country's most important historical research facilities.
Amaysim
Amaysim Australia Ltd. is an Australian provider of mobile phone plans. Amaysim operates as a mobile virtual network operator on the Optus mobile network, and specialises in offering a range of SIM-only mobile plans. As of June 2024, Amaysim had over 1.5 million mobile subscribers.

Amaysim was founded in 2010. The company was listed on the Australian Securities Exchange from 2015 until its acquisition by Optus in 2021.

Optus
Singtel Optus Pty Limited is a major Australian telecommunications company headquartered in Macquarie Park, Sydney. Optus is the second-largest telecommunications company in Australia, with over 11 million customers as of 2023. Its mobile network covers 98.5% of the Australian population, with plans to cover all of Australia by 2025 through its partnership with SpaceX.

It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Singaporean telecommunications company Singtel.
Bitter Rivals
Bitter Rivals is the third studio album by American noise pop duo Sleigh Bells. It was released on October 4, 2013 by Mom + Pop Music. The title track was released as the album's lead single on September 3, 2013, with a music video released the day before. The album was made exclusively available for streaming on Rolling Stone's website on October 1, 2013. It was partially inspired by Janet Jackson, with the song "Tiger Kit" referencing Jackson's "Rhythm Nation".

Sleigh Bells (band)
Sleigh Bells are an American musical duo based in Brooklyn, New York, formed in 2008 and consisting of vocalist Alexis Krauss and guitarist/producer Derek E. Miller. They became known for their overdriven style of noise pop, which incorporates elements from various genres including pop, hip hop, metal, and punk.

After signing to M.I.A.'s N.E.E.T. Recordings and the independent label Mom + Pop Music, Sleigh Bells released their debut album Treats (2010) to critical acclaim. They followed with Reign of Terror (2012), Bitter Rivals (2013), and Jessica Rabbit (2016). Their fifth album, Texis, was released in September 2021. A sixth, Bunky Becky Birthday Boy, was released in April 2025.
Fujairah Free Zone
Fujairah Free Zone (FFZ) is a special economic zone in Fujairah, which is one of the seven emirates that comprise the United Arab Emirates. Fujairah Free Zone is located just north of the emirate's capital, Fujairah City. It is run by the Fujairah Free Zone Authority (FFZA).

Fujairah
Fujairah City (Arabic: الفجيرة) is the capital of the emirate of Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates. It is the seventh-largest city in UAE, located on the Gulf of Oman (part of the Indian Ocean). It is the only Emirati capital city on the UAE's east coast. The city of Fujairah is an industrial and commercial hub located on the west coast of the Indian Ocean that sits at the foothills of the Hajar Mountains.
Sioux Chief PowerPEX 200 (Memphis)
The Sioux Chief PowerPEX 200 was an ARCA Menards Series race held annually at Memphis International Raceway in Millington, Tennessee. It serves as the finale of the Sioux Chief Short Track Showdown, and was formerly sanctioned by the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East.

Memphis International Raceway
Darana Motorsports Park Millington (formerly known as Memphis International Raceway and Memphis Motorsports Park) is an auto racing park located near the Loosahatchie River in Shelby County, Tennessee, United States, approximately ten miles south of Millington, and a few miles north of the city of Memphis.
Qarmatians
The Qarmatians were an Isma'ili Shia militant movement led by an Arabized dynasty of Persian descent, centred in Al-Ahsa in Eastern Arabia, where they established a religious state in 899 CE. Its members were part of a movement that adhered to a syncretic branch of Sevener Ismaili Shia Islam, and were ruled by a dynasty founded by Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi. They rejected the claim of Fatimid Caliph Abdallah al-Mahdi Billah to imamate and clung to their belief in the coming of the Mahdi, and they revolted against the Fatimid and Abbasid Caliphates.

Mecca was sacked by a Qarmatian leader, Abu Tahir al-Jannabi, outraging the Muslim world, particularly with their theft of the Black Stone and desecration of the Zamzam Well with corpses during the Hajj season of 930 CE.

Al-Ahsa Oasis
Al-Ahsa Oasis (Arabic: الْأَحْسَاء, al-ʾAhsā), also known as al-Ḥasāʾ (الْحَسَا) or Hajar (هَجَر), is an oasis and historical region in eastern Saudi Arabia. Al-Ahsa Governorate, which makes up much of the country's Eastern Province, is named after it. The oasis is located about 60 km (37 miles) inland from the coast of the Persian Gulf. Al-Ahsa Oasis comprises four main cities and 22 villages. The cities include Al-Mubarraz and Al-Hofuf, two of the largest cities in Saudi Arabia.
Heroes United
Heroes United is a series of American direct-to-video animated superhero films from Marvel Animation. They are the first full-length direct-to-video CG animated features created by the animation studio. Both films are available to stream on Disney+.

Marvel Animation
Marvel Animation Inc. is an American animation production company. It was incorporated on January 25, 2008, to direct Marvel's efforts in animation and home entertainment markets. The incorporated Marvel Animation included then ongoing animation efforts by Marvel Studios with Lionsgate and Nickelodeon. Marvel Animation operates under Marvel Studios, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Studios, a division of Disney Entertainment, itself a division of The Walt Disney Company.
Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal
Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal (27 November 1794, Xanten – 12 October 1866, Halle) was a German botanist. The standard author abbreviation Schltdl. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Xanten
Xanten (German pronunciation: [ˈksantn̩] ⓘ, Low Rhenish: Santen) is a town in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the district of Wesel.

Xanten is known for the Archaeological Park, one of the largest archaeological open air museums in the world, built at the site of the Roman settlements Colonia Ulpia Traiana. Other attractions include the medieval town centre with Xanten Cathedral, many museums and large man-made lakes for various watersport activities. Xanten is visited by approximately one million tourists a year. It is also the only German town with a name that begins with X.
Tom Dean (swimmer)
Thomas William Darnton Dean (born 2 May 2000) is a British competitive freestyle swimmer. He is a triple Olympic gold medallist, winning gold  individually in 200 metre freestyle at the 2020 Summer Olympics and as part of a team in 4 × 200 m freestyle relay at the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Dean has represented Great Britain at the European Junior Championships and the European Championships. He also competed at the 2020 European Championships where he won three gold and two silver medals in the team events and one individual bronze in 200m freestyle. Dean has won relay gold at all four major events available to him – at the World Championships, Olympic Games and European Championships and, for England, at the Commonwealth Games.

Swimming at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay
The Men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay was a swimming event at the 2020 Summer Olympics and occurred on 27 and 28 July 2021 at the Tokyo Aquatics Centre. It was the event's twenty-sixth consecutive appearance, having been held at every edition since 1908.

The medals for competition were presented by IOC Member David Haggerty, and the gifts were presented by Qatar's FINA Bureau Member Khaleel Al Jabir.
Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World
The Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD) is an international organisation that provides research training, career development and networking opportunities for women scientists throughout the developing world at different stages in their career. It was founded in 1987 and was officially launched in 1993. The organisation was formerly known as the Third World Organization for Women in Science (TWOWS). It is a program unit of UNESCO and based at the offices of The World Academy of Sciences in Trieste, Italy.

The organisation aims to unite eminent scientists from the developing and developed world with an objective of supporting their efforts in the development process. It also aims at promoting the representation of its members in the sphere of scientific and technological leadership. It does so through different programs like memberships, fellowships, and awards.

The World Academy of Sciences
The World Academy of Sciences for the advancement of science in developing countries (TWAS) is a merit-based science academy established for developing countries, uniting more than 1,400 scientists in some 100 countries. Its principal aim is to promote scientific capacity and excellence for sustainable development in developing countries. It was formerly known as the Third World Academy of Sciences, named after the "third world" group of non-aligned states. Its headquarters is located on the premises of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy.
SIG Sauer P226
The SIG Sauer P226 is a full-sized service pistol made by SIG Sauer. This model is available in four chamberings: the 9×19mm Parabellum, .40 S&W, .357 SIG, or .22 Long Rifle. It has the same mechanism of operation as the SIG Sauer P220, but is developed to use higher capacity, double stack magazines in place of the single stack magazines of the P220.

The P226 itself has spawned further sub-variants; the P228 and P229 are both compact versions of the double stack P226 design, while the P224 is a subcompact variant. The SIG Sauer P226 and its variants are in service with numerous law enforcement and military organizations worldwide.

SIG Sauer P320
The SIG Sauer P320 is a modular striker-fired semi-automatic pistol made by SIG Sauer, Inc., SIG Sauer's American branch. It marked Sig Sauer's first foray into striker-fired pistols, as their first offering on the commercial market.

The P320 has faced scrutiny over reports of unintentional discharges and safety issues, leading to over 100 lawsuits against SIG Sauer, and its withdrawal from use by several law enforcement agencies, as well as being banned from use in IDPA-sanctioned competitions and numerous ranges and training courses.
Crown gear
A crown gear (also known as a face gear or a contrate gear) is a gear which has teeth that project at right angles to the face of the wheel.  In particular, a crown gear is a type of bevel gear where the pitch cone angle is 90 degrees.  A pitch cone of any other angle is simply called a bevel gear.  Crown gears normally mesh with other bevel gears, or sometimes spur gears, a typical use being a crown gear and pinion system which allows a rotary motion to be shifted 90 degrees.

Bevel gear
Bevel gears are gears where the axes of the two shafts intersect and the tooth-bearing faces of the gears themselves are conically shaped. Bevel gears are most often mounted on shafts that are 90 degrees apart, but can be designed to work at other angles as well. The pitch surface of bevel gears is a cone, known as a pitch cone. Bevel gears change the axis of rotation of rotational power delivery and are widely used in mechanical settings.
Gastón Ramírez
Gastón Exequiel Ramírez Pereyra (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡaˈston raˈmiɾes]; born 2 December 1990) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Miramar Misiones.

He had spells in Uruguay with Peñarol and in Italy with Bologna before moving into the Premier League to Southampton. During his time with Southampton, he spent one season on loan to Hull City in the 2014–15 season in the same division, and the first half of the 2016–17 season with Middlesbrough before joining them permanently for one season. In 2017 he moved back to Italy signing with Sampdoria, before joining Monza in 2021.

Since 2010, he has represented the Uruguay national team, playing for them at the 2012 Olympics, 2013 Confederations Cup and 2014 World Cup.

Football at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's football tournament at the 2012 Summer Olympics was held in London and five other cities in Great Britain from 26 July to 11 August. Associations affiliated with FIFA were invited to enter their men's U-23 teams in regional qualifying competitions, from which 15 teams, plus the hosts Great Britain, reached the final tournament. Men's teams were allowed to augment their squads with three players over the age of 23. It was the first men's Olympic football tournament to feature a team representing Great Britain since the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. The competition also marked Uruguay's men's football team's first Olympic appearance since 1928, when it won its second consecutive gold medal.

The gold medal was won by Mexico who defeated Brazil 2–1 in the final.
History of smart antennas
The first smart antennas were developed for military communications and intelligence gathering. The growth of cellular telephone in the 1980s attracted interest in commercial applications. The upgrade to digital radio technology in the mobile phone, indoor wireless network, and satellite broadcasting industries created new opportunities for smart antennas in the 1990s, culminating in the development of the MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) technology used in 4G wireless networks.

Smart antenna
Smart antennas (also known as adaptive array antennas, digital antenna arrays, multiple antennas and, recently, MIMO) are antenna arrays with smart signal processing algorithms used to identify spatial signal signatures such as the direction of arrival (DOA) of the signal, and use them to calculate beamforming vectors which are used to track and locate the antenna beam on the mobile/target. Smart antennas should not be confused with reconfigurable antennas, which have similar capabilities but are single element antennas and not antenna arrays.

Smart antenna techniques are used notably in acoustic signal processing, track and scan radar, radio astronomy and radio telescopes, and mostly in cellular systems like W-CDMA, UMTS, and LTE and 5G-NR.

Smart antennas have many functions: DOA estimation, beamforming, interference nulling, and constant modulus preservation.
Sebastes
Sebastes is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae part of the family Scorpaenidae, most of which have the common name of rockfish. A few are called ocean perch, sea perch or redfish instead. They are found in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Sebastinae
Sebastinae is a subfamily of marine fish belonging to the family Scorpaenidae in the order Scorpaeniformes.  Their common names include rockfishes, rock perches, ocean perches, sea perches and rockcods. Despite the latter name, they are not closely related to the cods in the genus Gadus, nor the rock cod, Lotella rhacina.
Man-Eaters of Kumaon
Man-Eaters of Kumaon is a 1944 book written by hunter-naturalist Jim Corbett. It details the experiences that Corbett had in the Kumaon region of India from the 1900s to the 1930s, while hunting man-eating Bengal tigers and Indian leopards. One tiger, for example, was responsible for over 400 human deaths. Man-Eaters of Kumaon is the best known of Corbett's books, and contains 10 stories of tracking and shooting man-eaters in the Indian Himalayas during the early years of the twentieth century. The text also contains incidental information on flora, fauna and village life. Seven of the stories were first published privately as Jungle Stories.

Champawat Tiger
The Champawat Tiger was a female Bengal tiger responsible for an estimated 436 deaths in Nepal and the Kumaon division of India, during the last years of the 19th century and the first years of the 20th century. She was shot and killed on 12 May 1907 by the 31-year-old Jim Corbett after a hunt involving a beat with 298 men.
Rednal
Rednal is a residential suburb on the south western edge of metropolitan Birmingham, West Midlands, England, 9 miles (14 kilometres) southwest of Birmingham city centre and forming part of Longbridge parish and electoral ward. Historically it was part of Worcestershire.

Rednal is home to approximately 2,000 residents.  The suburb is located in a triangle formed by Rubery and the Bristol Road South to the north and north west, the former MG Rover car factory to the south east and the Lickey Hills and Cofton Hackett Park just south. The popular rural Lickey Hills Country Park is 1⁄2 mile (800 metres) south of Rednal, with Rednal Hill being the nearest peak.

Cofton Hackett
Cofton Hackett is a village and civil parish in the Bromsgrove District of north east Worcestershire, England. It is 10+1⁄4 miles (16.5 kilometres) southwest of the city centre of Birmingham and 16 miles (26 km) northeast of Worcester. In 2011, the village had a population of 1,893 but with housing development on the former Austin Rover site, this is expected to double over the five years to 2023.

The village is served by the 145/145A bus service between Longbridge and Droitwich/Wychbold, operated by Diamond Bus. The former 20A bus services, from Cofton Hackett to the Queen Elizabeth Hospital was withdrawn in June 2025.
U.S. Route 71 in Missouri
U.S. Route 71 (US 71) is a major north–south U.S. Highway that runs from a couple miles west of Krotz Springs, Louisiana to the Canada–United States border at International Falls, Minnesota. US 71 enters Missouri from Arkansas in the town of Jane. US 71 serves the cities of Joplin, Kansas City and St. Joseph. At noon on December 12, 2012, the section of US 71 between Pineville, Missouri and I-435 in south Kansas City was also designated as a northern extension of Interstate 49 (I-49).

St. Joseph, Missouri
St. Joseph is a city in and the county seat of Buchanan County, Missouri, United States. Located on the Missouri River, it is the principal city of the St. Joseph Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Buchanan, Andrew, and DeKalb counties in Missouri and Doniphan County, Kansas. As of the 2020 census, St. Joseph had a population of 72,473, making it the 8th most populous city in the state, and the 3rd most populous in Northwest Missouri. St. Joseph is located roughly 30 miles (48 km) north of the Kansas City, Missouri city limits and approximately 125 miles (201 km) south of Omaha, Nebraska.

The city was named after the town's founder Joseph Robidoux and the biblical Saint Joseph. In the nineteenth century, it was the death place of American outlaw Jesse James. It was also the starting point of the Pony Express serving the West. Today, St. Joseph is home to Missouri Western State University, which enrolls over 3,800 students.