hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Tyrol wine
South Tyrol (called in Italian Alto Adige) is an autonomous province located in northeast Italy producing wine. This Austro-Italian wine region is noted for the distinct Austrian influences on the wine industry, due to the region's long history under the rule of Austria-Hungary and Holy Roman Empires.

Because of its unique history and location within the southern Alps and Dolomites, in this region grows a wide range of grape varieties that are not usually seen in other parts of Italy. These include Müller-Thurgau, Vernatsch, Lagrein, Sylvaner, Riesling (known in Italian as Riesling Renano), Gewürztraminer (known in Italian as Traminer Aromatico) and Blatterle.

Trollinger
Trollinger, Schiava, or Vernatsch, is a red German/Italian wine grape variety that was likely first originally cultivated in the wine regions of South Tyrol and Trentino, but today is almost exclusively cultivated on steep, sunny locations in the Württemberg wine region of Baden-Württemberg. It is primarily known under the synonyms Trollinger in Germany, Vernatsch in South Tyrol and Schiava in other Italian regions. As a table grape the variety is sometimes known as Black Hamburg, which is commonly confused with the similar synonym for Black Muscat—a variety that is actually a cross of Trollinger and Muscat of Alexandria.

According to wine expert Oz Clarke, Trollinger has moderate acidity and tends to produce light bodied wines with fruity strawberry and subtle smokey notes.
Aurland Municipality
Aurland (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈæ̂ʉrlɑn]) is a municipality in the county of Vestland, Norway. It is located on the south side of the Sognefjorden in the traditional district of Sogn. The administrative center is the village of Aurlandsvangen. Other villages include Bakka, Flåm, Myrdal, Undredal, and Gudvangen.

The 1,467.69-square-kilometre (566.68 sq mi) municipality is the 59th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Aurland Municipality is the 293rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,836. The municipality's population density is 1.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (3.4/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5% over the previous 10-year period.

Myrdal
Myrdal is an area in Aurland Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. Very few people live in Myrdal, as there are only a few village houses dotted around the hills. The village is built around the Myrdal Station, a popular railway stop for tourists along the Bergen Line and the Flåm Line.

From Myrdal, the Flåm Line railway goes northwards in large bends and loops, partly in tunnels, down through the narrow Flåmsdalen valley to the village of Flåm, along the Aurlandsfjorden. Also from Myrdal, a narrow, steep road also runs through Flåmsdalen valley, originally built as a construction road in connection with the construction of the Bergen Railway.
Josh Cribbs
Joshua Cribbs (born June 9, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver and return specialist in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Kent State Golden Flashes and was signed by the Cleveland Browns as an undrafted free agent after the 2005 NFL draft. Cribbs is tied for the second-most NFL career record with eight kickoff returns for touchdowns, and also the NFL record with two kickoffs of 100 yards or more returned for touchdowns in a single game. He has also played for the New York Jets, the Oakland Raiders and the Indianapolis Colts. He was most recently a special teams coaching intern for the Cleveland Browns.

Kent State Golden Flashes football
The Kent State Golden Flashes football team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Kent State University in Kent, Ohio. The team is a member of the Mid-American Conference East division, and competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I level in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS). The Golden Flashes played their first game in 1920 and since 1969 have played their home games at Dix Stadium. Kent State is coached by head coach Mark Carney.
Dan Bryer
Daniel Bryer is an English songwriter, producer and multi-instrumentalist.

He has written and produced songs for artists such as One Direction, Rag'n'Bone Man, Tom Grennan, Alan Walker, Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Sea Girls, Sophie and the Giants, Sam Feldt, JP Cooper, Westlife, & James TW.

Notable songs written by Bryer include  "Little Bit of Love" by Tom Grennan, "This Town" by Niall Horan, "Skin" by Rag'n'Bone Man, and "Tired" by Alan Walker. Bryer's production credits include "Home" & "What a Feeling" by One Direction, "Starlight" by Westlife and "Put A Little Love On Me" by Niall Horan.

Bryer has contributed to eight Number 1 Albums and three Top10 Singles.

Bryer's composition "Little Bit of Love" by Tom Grennan received a nomination for Song Of The Year at the Brit Awards.

Bryer's songwriting & production debut "What a Feeling" from One Direction’s album 'Made in the A.M.' topped Rolling Stone's 'Readers' Poll' as the best track One Direction ever released.

Little Bit of Love (Tom Grennan song)
"Little Bit of Love" is a song by English singer and songwriter Tom Grennan. It was released as a digital download and for streaming on 8 January 2021 as the fourth single from his second studio album, Evering Road. The song was written by Dan Bryer, Mike Needle and Grennan. The work was later nominated for the PRS for Music Most Performed Work Ivor Novello Award.
Urushiol
Urushiol /ʊˈruːʃi.ɒl/ is an oily mixture of organic compounds with allergenic and sensitizing properties found in plants of the family Anacardiaceae, especially Toxicodendron spp. (e.g., poison oak, Chinese lacquer tree, poison ivy, poison sumac), Comocladia spp. (maidenplums), Metopium spp. (poisonwood), and also in parts of the mango tree and the fruit of the cashew tree.

In most individuals, urushiol causes an allergic skin rash on contact, known as urushiol-induced contact dermatitis.

The name urushiol is derived from the Japanese word for the lacquer tree, Toxicodendron vernicifluum (漆, urushi). The oxidation and polymerization of urushiol in the tree's sap in the presence of moisture allows it to form a hard lacquer, which is used to produce traditional Chinese, Korean, and Japanese lacquerware.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica, commonly known as the mango after its fruit, is an evergreen species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is a large fruit tree, capable of growing to a height and width of 30 m (100 ft). There are two distinct genetic populations in modern mangoes – the "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type".
Rico Suave (wrestler)
Julio Domingo Estrada Caceres (July 4, 1970 – March 20, 2025), better known as Rico Suave, was a Puerto Rican professional wrestler and manager. He was best known for his 18-year run in the World Wrestling Council promotion.

Ramón Álvarez (wrestler)
Ramón Álvarez is a Dominican wrestler also known as El Bronco No. 1. Bronco's career reached the highest level both in his native Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, accumulating a resume in the ring that extends to a total of twenty-eight years. El Bronco has held championship titles in the World Wrestling Council (WWC), World Wrestling Association (WWA Puerto Rico) and National Wrestling Alliance (NWA).
Surat–Mahuva Superfast Express
The 20955 / 20956 Surat–Mahuva Superfast Express is a Superfast train of the Indian Railways connecting Surat in South Gujarat and Mahuva Junction of Saurashtra. It is currently being operated with 20955/20956 train numbers on five days a week basis.

Mahuva Junction railway station
Mahuva Junction railway station is a main railway station in Bhavnagar district, Gujarat. Its code is MHV. It will serve Mahuva city. The station has two platforms. It is nearest railhead to Pipavav Port.
Nova Scotia Power
Nova Scotia Power Inc. is a vertically integrated electric utility in Nova Scotia, Canada. It is privately owned by Emera and regulated by the provincial government via the Nova Scotia Utility and Review Board (NSUARB). Nova Scotia Power provides electricity to 520,000 residential, commercial and industrial customers in Nova Scotia.

Nova Scotia Utility and Review Board
The Nova Scotia Utility and Review Board (NSUARB) was an independent tribunal responsible for regulating public utilities and fulfilling a variety of adjudicative functions in Nova Scotia.

On April 1, 2025, the NSUARB's responsibilities were transferred to the newly established Nova Scotia Energy and Regulatory Boards Tribunal, which now handles energy, regulatory, and utility-related matters in the province.

Prior to the transfer, the NSUARB was governed under the Utility and Review Board Act and reported directly to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly through the Minister of Finance.
John Stockton
John Houston Stockton (born March 26, 1962) is an American former professional basketball player. Regarded as one of the greatest point guards of all time, he spent his entire NBA career (1984–2003) with the Utah Jazz, and the team made the playoffs in all of his 19 seasons. In 1997 and 1998, together with his longtime teammate Karl Malone, Stockton led the Jazz to the franchise's only two NBA Finals appearances, both of which ended in losses to the Chicago Bulls.

Stockton was a ten-time NBA All-Star and holds the NBA records for most career assists and steals by wide margins. He was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2009 for his individual career, and again in 2010 as a member of the 1992 United States Olympic basketball team. In 1996, he was named one of the 50 greatest players in NBA history. In October 2021, Stockton was again honored as one of the league's greatest players of all time by being named to the NBA 75th Anniversary Team.

1997 NBA Finals
The 1997 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association's (NBA) 1996–97 season and conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Utah Jazz took on the defending NBA champion and Eastern Conference champion Chicago Bulls for the title, with the Bulls holding home court advantage. The series were played under a best-of-seven format, with the first 2 games in Chicago, the next 3 games in Salt Lake City, and the last 2 games in Chicago.

The Bulls won the series 4 games to 2. For the fifth time in as many Finals appearances, Michael Jordan was named NBA Finals MVP.

The Bulls and Jazz won a combined 133 regular season games, second most in Finals history. Until 2016, the 1997 NBA Finals was the last to feature teams that won a total of at least 130 regular season games.
Tag (Hebrew writing)
A tag (Aramaic: תאג, plural tagin, תאגין) is a decoration drawn over some Hebrew letters in the Jewish scrolls of Sifrei Kodesh, Tefillin and Mezuzot. The Hebrew name for this scribal feature is kether (כתר). Tag and kether mean 'crown' in Aramaic and Hebrew respectively.

Ktav Stam
Ktav Stam (Hebrew: כְּתַב־סְתָ״ם‎) is the specific Jewish traditional writing with which holy scrolls (Sifrei Kodesh), tefillin and mezuzot are written. Stam is a Hebrew acronym denoting these writings, as indicated by the gershayim (״‎) punctuation mark. One who writes such articles is called a sofer stam. The writing is done by means of a feather and ink (known as D'yo) onto special parchment called klaf. There exist two primary traditions in respect to the formation of the letters, Ktav HaAshkenazi and Ktav HaSefardi, however the differences between them are slight.
Geniohyoid muscle
The geniohyoid muscle is a narrow paired muscle situated superior to the medial border of the mylohyoid muscle.  It is named for its passage from the chin ("genio-" is a standard prefix for "chin") to the hyoid bone.

Hyoid bone
The hyoid bone (/ˈhaɪɔɪd/ HY-oyd), also known as the lingual bone or the tongue-bone, is a horseshoe-shaped bone situated in the anterior midline of the neck between the chin and the thyroid cartilage.  At rest, it lies between the base of the mandible and the third cervical vertebra.

Unlike other bones, the hyoid is only distantly articulated to other bones by muscles or ligaments. It is the only bone in the human body that is not connected to any other bones. The hyoid is anchored by muscles from the anterior, posterior and inferior directions, and aids in tongue movement and swallowing. The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of the floor of the mouth and the tongue above, the larynx below, and the epiglottis and pharynx behind.

Its name is derived from Greek  hyoeides 'shaped like the letter upsilon (υ)'.
Moira Walley-Beckett
Moira Walley-Beckett is a Canadian-American screenwriter, producer, and former actress. She is best known for her work as a writer and producer on Breaking Bad. She wrote nine episodes of the series, including "Ozymandias", widely regarded as one of the greatest television episodes of all time.

For her work on Breaking Bad, Walley-Beckett won three Primetime Emmy Awards (including Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series), three Writers Guild of America Awards, two Producers Guild of America Awards, one Golden Globe, and one Peabody. She also created the series Flesh and Bone and Anne with an E.

Writers Guild of America Awards
The Writers Guild of America Awards is an award for film, television, and radio writing including both fiction and non-fiction categories given by the Writers Guild of America, East and Writers Guild of America West since 1949.
Puy-de-Dôme's 6th constituency
The 6th constituency of Puy-de-Dôme was a French legislative constituency in the Puy-de-Dôme département in the Auvergne region of France.  It was eliminated in the 2010 Redistricting of French Legislative Constituencies.

The 6th constituency of Puy-de-Dôme was eliminated based on 2010 redistricting mandated by Law No. 86-1197 of 24 November 1986.  Before its excision, the 6th constituency consisted of the cantons of Aigueperse, Combronde, Ennezat, Manzat, Menat, Montaigut, Pionsat, Pontaumur, Pontgibaud, Randan, Riom-Est, Riom-Ouest and Saint-Gervais-d'Auvergne. The cantons and communes that once made up the 6th constituency were merged with Puy-de-Dôme's 2nd constituency.

2010 redistricting of French legislative constituencies
The Constitutional Council of France approved the redistricting of electoral boundaries in February 2010 to reflect France's changing demographics. This was the twelfth redistricting to have taken place. The population ratio between the most populated and least populated constituencies was reduced from the 1986 redistricting results of 1:3.6 to 1:2. In effect, the number of seats increased in areas held by the centre-right coalition led by Union for a Popular Movement at the expense of the Socialist-led centre-left coalition. The 2010 redistricting process not only brought down the rule of two deputies per department to one, it also created eleven constituencies for French residents overseas.
Google Hangouts
Google Hangouts was a  cross-platform instant messaging (IM) service developed by Google. It originally was a feature of Google+, becoming a standalone product in 2013, when Google also began integrating features from Google+ Messenger and Google Talk into Hangouts. Google then began integrating features of Google Voice, its Internet telephony product, into Hangouts, stating that Hangouts was designed to be "the future" of Voice.

In 2017, Google began developing two separate enterprise communication products: Google Meet and Google Chat, as a part of its Google Workspace office suite. Google began transitioning Workspace users from Hangouts to Meet and Chat in June 2020. Subsequently, Gmail users transitioned from Hangouts to Meet and Chat during 2021, and Hangouts was discontinued on November 1, 2022.

Google Messages
Google Messages (formerly known as Messenger, Android Messages, and Messages by Google) is a text messaging software application developed by Google for its Android and Wear OS mobile operating systems. It is also available as a web app.

Google's official universal messaging platform for the Android ecosystem, Messages employs SMS, MMS, and Rich Communication Services (RCS). Starting in 2023, Google has RCS activated by default on participating Android devices, similar to the implementation of iMessage on Apple devices.
William Scamp
William Scamp (5 June 1801 – 13 January 1872) was an English architect and engineer. After working on the reconstruction of Windsor Castle to designs of Sir Jeffry Wyatville, he was employed by the Admiralty from 1838 to his retirement in 1867. Throughout his career of almost three decades, Scamp designed naval facilities in Britain, Malta, Gibraltar and Bermuda.

Scamp's early works from the 1840s include a dockyard and the Royal Naval Bakery in Malta. During his stay in Malta, he oversaw the construction of St Paul's Pro-Cathedral, making significant alterations to the building in the process. His most notable works in Britain were extensions of the Chatham and Portsmouth Dockyards carried out from the 1860s to the 1880s.

Malta Maritime Museum
The Malta Maritime Museum (Maltese: Mużew Marittimu ta' Malta) is a maritime museum in Birgu, Malta. It is housed in the former Royal Naval Bakery, which was built in the 1840s as the main bakery for the Mediterranean Fleet. The museum has a collection of over 20,000 artifacts, and it is the largest museum on the island. The museum's aim is to illustrate Malta's maritime history, starting from prehistory to the present. The museum shows this within a Mediterranean and a global context.
Lucrezia Beccari
Lucrezia Beccari (born 18 December 2003) is an Italian figure skater, who currently competes in pair skating with partner Matteo Guarise. With Guarise, she is the 2024 European champion, two-time ISU Grand Prix medalists, 2023 CS Nebelhorn Trophy silver medalists and 2024 Italian national silver medalists.

As a single skater, she is the 2019 Italian national silver medalist on the senior level and 2018 junior champion. She has competed in the final segment at two ISU Championships – the 2018 and 2019 World Junior Championships.

2024 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2024 European Figure Skating Championships were held from 10 to 14 January 2024 at the Žalgiris Arena in Kaunas, Lithuania. The competition was sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU) and hosted by the Lithuanian Skating Federation. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The competition determined the entry quotas for each skating federation at the 2025 European Championships.

The ISU published a complete list of entries on 19 December 2023. Adam Siao Him Fa of France won the men's event, Loena Hendrickx of Belgium won the women's event, Lucrezia Beccari and Matteo Guarise in Italy won the pairs event, and Charlène Guignard and Marco Fabbri of Italy won the ice dance event.
Gain before feedback
In live sound mixing, gain before feedback (GBF) is a practical measure of how much a microphone can be amplified in a sound reinforcement system before causing audio feedback. In audiology, GBF is a measure of hearing aid performance. In both fields the amount of gain is measured in decibels at or just below the point at which the sound from the speaker driver re-enters the microphone and the system begins to ring or feed back. Potential acoustic gain (PAG) is a calculated figure representing gain that a system can support without feeding back.

Microphone
A microphone, colloquially called a mic (/maɪk/), or mike, is a transducer that converts sound into an electrical signal. Microphones are used in telecommunication, sound recording, broadcasting, and consumer electronics, including telephones, hearing aids, and mobile devices.

Several types of microphone are used today, which employ different methods to convert the air pressure variations of a sound wave to an electrical signal. The most common are the dynamic microphone, which uses a coil of wire suspended in a magnetic field; the condenser microphone, which uses the vibrating diaphragm as a capacitor plate; and the contact microphone, which uses a crystal of piezoelectric material. Microphones typically need to be connected to a preamplifier before the signal can be recorded or reproduced.
Alix M. Freedman
Alix Marian Freedman (born November 25, 1957, in New York City) is an American journalist, and ethics editor at Thomson Reuters.

Freedman was raised in New York City, where she attended the Chapin School before graduating from Phillips Exeter Academy (1975). She graduated from Harvard University with a bachelor's degree in history and literature.

She is the recipient of several awards including the Pulitzer Prize and the Gerald Loeb Award. Freedman received the George Polk Award in 1999, making her family the first to have two generations to win the award. Her father, Emanuel R. Freedman, had won the Polk award in 1956.

Emanuel Freedman
Emanuel Ralph Freedman (December 2, 1910 – January 27, 1971) was an American journalist. He was the foreign editor of The New York Times for 16 years and then an assistant managing editor. He was known for his fieldwork in the 1950s on the Korean War, the Hungarian Uprising of 1956,  the 1954 Geneva conference on Indochina, and the Suez Crisis.
Philippe Bunau-Varilla
Philippe-Jean Bunau-Varilla (French: [filip ʒɑ̃ byno vaʁija]; 26 July 1859 – 18 May 1940) was a French engineer, soldier and political lobbyist.  With the assistance of American lobbyist and lawyer William Nelson Cromwell, Bunau-Varilla greatly influenced Washington's decision concerning the construction site for the Panama Canal.  He worked closely with President Theodore Roosevelt in the latter's orchestration of the Panamanian Revolution, and represented Panama in the treaty negotiations leading to the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (1903).

Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty
The Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty (Spanish: Tratado Hay-Bunau Varilla) was a treaty signed on November 18, 1903, by the United States and Panama, which established the Panama Canal Zone and the subsequent construction of the Panama Canal. It was named after its two primary negotiators, Philippe-Jean Bunau-Varilla, the French diplomatic representative of Panama, and United States secretary of state John Hay.
Leviathan (Hobbes book)
Leviathan or The Matter, Forme and Power of a Commonwealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil, commonly referred to as Leviathan, is a work of social and political theory by the English empiricist philosopher and  political theorist Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679), published in 1651 (revised Latin edition 1668). Its name derives from the chaotic Leviathan sea serpent of the Hebrew Bible and other earlier mythologies.

The work concerns the structure of society and legitimate government, and is regarded as one of the earliest and most influential examples of social contract theory.

Written during the English Civil War (1642–1651), it argues for a social contract and rule by an absolute sovereign. Hobbes asserts that civil war and the "nasty, brutish and short" state of nature ("the war of all against all") could be avoided only by a strong, undivided government.

Bellum omnium contra omnes
Bellum omnium contra omnes, a Latin phrase meaning "the war of all against all", is the description that Thomas Hobbes gives to human existence in the state-of-nature thought experiment that he conducts in De Cive (1642) and Leviathan (1651). The common modern English usage is a war of "each against all" where war is rare and terms such as "competition" or "struggle" are more common.