hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
86th (East Anglian) (Hertfordshire Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery
The 86th (East Anglian) (Hertfordshire Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery, was a unit of Britain's part-time Territorial Army (TA) formed after World War I from existing artillery and Yeomanry Cavalry units recruited in Hertfordshire. Its self-propelled guns were among the first artillery to land in Normandy on D Day and served throughout the North West Europe campaign in World War II, seeing action in Normandy, at the liberation of Antwerp, in Operations Market Garden, Clipper and Veritable, the Rhine crossing and the advance across Germany. The regiment continued in the postwar TA until 1967, and its successor battery continued to 2014.

79th (Hertfordshire Yeomanry) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
The 79th (Hertfordshire Yeomanry) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery (79th (HY) HAA Rgt) was an air defence unit of Britain's Territorial Army (TA). Formed just before World War II, it fought in the Battle of France, the Swansea Blitz, Operation Torch and the Italian Campaign. It continued serving in the post-war TA until 1955.
Theatre of Cruelty (short story)
"Theatre of Cruelty" is a short Discworld story by Terry Pratchett written in 1993. The name derives from a concept of Antonin Artaud (Theatre of Cruelty).

It was originally written for W. H. Smith Bookcase magazine and was then slightly modified and extended, being published again in the programme of the  OryCon 15 convention, and then again in The Wizards of Odd, a compilation of fantasy short stories.

It has since been made available on the Internet along with dozens of translations by fans, with Pratchett having stated, "I don't want to see it distributed in print anywhere but don't mind people downloading it for their own enjoyment."

The story involves both the Ankh-Morpork City Watch and a parallel of Punch and Judy.

Ankh-Morpork City Watch
The Ankh-Morpork City Watch is a fictional police force appearing in Terry Pratchett's Discworld series. The Watch is based in the city of Ankh-Morpork, though some stories feature its members elsewhere in the Discworld.

The Watch and its members are the central focus of eight novels and one short story, listed below in order of publication:

Guards! Guards! (1989);

"Theatre of Cruelty" (1993) (short story);

Men at Arms (1993);

Feet of Clay (1996);

Jingo (1997);

The Fifth Elephant (1999);

Night Watch (2002);

Thud! (2005);

Snuff (2011)

The novels generally feature Watch Commander Sam Vimes as protagonist and often draw on the conventions of crime novels. The Watch and its members also appear as secondary characters in other Discworld books, particularly those set in Ankh-Morpork.

The Watch was a loose inspiration for the 2021 fantasy police procedural television series The Watch.
Frankfurt Konstablerwache station
Frankfurt am Main Konstablerwache station (German: Bahnhof Frankfurt am Main Konstablerwache) is a major train station and metro station at the Konstablerwache square in the city centre of Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

As of 2019, with 98,000 passengers per day, Konstablerwache station is the second busiest rapid transit station in Frankfurt after Frankfurt Central Station, and a major hub for commuter transport in the Frankfurt/Rhine-Main region. It is served by eight S-Bahn lines (S1–S6, S8, S9), four U-Bahn lines (U4-U7), two tram lines (12, 18) and two bus lines (30, 36).

Konstablerwache
Konstablerwache is a square in the centre of Frankfurt am Main and part of the city's pedestrian zone. It lies to the east of Hauptwache with both squares linked by the Zeil, the central shopping street of the city.
Ceremonial maces in the United Kingdom
Ceremonial maces in the United Kingdom began as lethal weapons of medieval knights in England, Scotland, and Wales, evolving into ceremonial objects carried by sergeants-at-arms.

In the United Kingdom, they now represent the monarch's authority in parliaments and councils, and royal maces are borne in procession at the State Opening of Parliament and British coronations.

Some British universities also have their own maces for ceremonial purposes.

Serjeant-at-arms
A serjeant-at-arms or sergeant-at-arms is an officer appointed by a deliberative body, usually a legislature, to keep order during its meetings. The word "serjeant" is derived from the Latin serviens, which means "servant".

In the Middle Ages, the serjeants-at-arms were bodies of armed men retained by the French and English monarchs: the ceremonial maces with which they are associated were originally a type of weapon. Serjeants-at-arms continue to serve a ceremonial role in the Royal Household of the United Kingdom; as such they represent the oldest royal bodyguard in England.
Abdullah IV Dunamami
Abdullah IV (ʿAbdallāh bin Dunama Muḥammad), called Abdullah Dunamami, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-16th century, ruling approximately 1555–1563, perhaps under the regency of his uncle Ali Fannami.

Ali Fannami
Ali (ʿAlī bin Muḥammad), called Ali Fannami, Ali Ghamarami, and Ali Ngumaramma, was a prince of the Sayfawa dynasty who may have served as regent of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-16th century, ruling in the name of his nephew mai Abdullah IV Dunamami. Ali was remembered in later tradition as a mighty builder.
Gleason's theorem
In mathematical physics, Gleason's theorem shows that the rule one uses to calculate probabilities in quantum physics, the Born rule, can be derived from the usual mathematical representation of measurements in quantum physics together with the assumption of non-contextuality. Andrew M. Gleason first proved the theorem in 1957, answering a question posed by George W. Mackey, an accomplishment that was historically significant for the role it played in showing that wide classes of hidden-variable theories are inconsistent with quantum physics. Multiple variations have been proven in the years since. Gleason's theorem is of particular importance for the field of quantum logic and its attempt to find a minimal set of mathematical axioms for quantum theory.

Born rule
The Born rule is a postulate of quantum mechanics that gives the probability that a measurement of a quantum system will yield a given result. In one commonly used application, it states that the probability density for finding a particle at a given position is proportional to the square of the amplitude of the system's wavefunction at that position. It was formulated and published by German physicist Max Born in July 1926.
Callum Voisin
Callum Voisin (/ˈvɔɪzən/ VOY-zən; born 6 March 2006) is a British and Swiss racing driver who is currently competing in the Asian Le Mans Series for High Class Racing. He previously competed in the FIA Formula 3 Championship for Rodin Motorsport.

Voisin is the 2023 GB3 champion. Voisin was one of the final ten candidates for the Aston Martin Autosport BRDC Award in 2022, and later competed in the shootout in 2023 against Joseph Loake, Arvid Lindblad and Taylor Barnard.

2023 GB3 Championship
The 2023 GB3 Championship was a motor racing championship for open wheel, formula racing cars held across Europe. The 2023 season was the eighth organised by the British Racing Drivers' Club in the United Kingdom, and the third season under the GB3 moniker after rebranding from the BRDC British Formula 3 Championship in mid-2021. The championship featured a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers. The season was run over eight triple-header rounds and started on 8 April at Oulton Park.

Rodin Carlin driver Callum Voisin won the Drivers' Championship ahead of Alex Dunne at the final race of the season. JHR Developments, the team of third-placed driver Joseph Loake, won the Teams' Championship.

Loake was named as the winner of the Aston Martin Autosport BRDC Young Driver of the Year Award in December, and will receive a test drive with the Aston Martin F1 team, £200,000, plus full membership of the BRDC.
Mike Resnick
Michael Diamond Resnick (/ˈrɛznɪk/; March 5, 1942 – January 9, 2020) was an American science fiction writer and editor. He won five Hugo awards and a Nebula award, and was the guest of honor at Chicon 7. He was the executive editor of the defunct magazine Jim Baen's Universe, and the creator and editor of Galaxy's Edge magazine.

70th World Science Fiction Convention
The 70th World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as Chicon 7, was held on 30 August–3 September 2012 at the Hyatt Regency Chicago in Chicago, Illinois, United States.

The convention committee was chaired by Dave McCarty and organized under the auspices of the Chicago Worldcon Bid corporation.
The New Gate (novel series)
The New Gate (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese light novel series written by Shinogi Kazanami. The series originated on the Shōsetsuka ni Narō website in 2013, until pulled by the author in August 2016, before being published in print by AlphaPolis with illustrations by Makai no Jūnin, KeG, and Akira Banpai beginning in December 2013.

A manga adaptation, illustrated by Yoshiyuki Miwa, began serialization on AlphaPolis' website in November 2014. A mobile game based on the novel was released in October 2016; with its service disconnected in January 2021. An anime television series adaptation produced by Cloud Hearts and Yokohama Animation Laboratory aired from April to June 2024.

Shōsetsuka ni Narō
Shōsetsuka ni Narō (小説家になろう; lit. "Let's Become a Novelist") is a Japanese novel self-publishing website created by Yusuke Umezaki (梅崎 祐輔, Umezaki Yūsuke). It was launched on April 2, 2004. Users can upload their novels free of charge and the novels are also free to read. As of December 2022, the site hosts close to 1,000,000 novels, has over 2,300,000 registered users and it receives over 1 billion page views per month.

Over one hundred novel series uploaded to the site have been acquired by various publishers, such as Log Horizon, serialized from 2010 before being acquired by Enterbrain in 2011, and The Irregular at Magic High School, which was serialized between 2008 and 2011 before being acquired by ASCII Media Works.

Futabasha's light novel imprint Monster Bunko was established on July 30, 2014, which exclusively publishes series that originated on Shōsetsuka ni Narō.
West Linn, Oregon
West Linn is a city in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. A southern suburb within the Portland metropolitan area, West Linn developed on the site of the former Linn City, which was named after U.S. Senator Lewis F. Linn of Ste. Genevieve, Missouri, who had advocated the American occupation of the Oregon territory as a counterclaim to the British.

The Sullivan hydroelectric plant opened in 1889, and harvested energy from nearby Willamette Falls. The adjacent Willamette Falls Pulp and Paper Company began operations the same year.

As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 27,373.

Linn City, Oregon
Linn City was a community in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States, that existed from 1843 to 1861 and was destroyed in the Great Flood of 1862. The former site of Linn City was incorporated into the city of West Linn.
Stuttgart S-Bahn
The Stuttgart S-Bahn is a suburban railway system (S-Bahn) serving the Stuttgart Region, an urban agglomeration of around 2.7 million people, consisting of the city of Stuttgart and the adjacent districts of Esslingen, Böblingen, Ludwigsburg and Rems-Murr-Kreis.

The Stuttgart S-Bahn comprises seven lines numbered S1 through S6 and S60, and is operated by S-Bahn Stuttgart, a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn. The system is integrated with the regional transport association, the Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund Stuttgart (VVS), which coordinates tickets and fares among all transport operators in the metropolitan area.

Stuttgart Region
Stuttgart Region (Baden-Württemberg, Germany) is an urban agglomeration at the heart of the Stuttgart Metropolitan Region. It consists of the city of Stuttgart and the surrounding districts of Ludwigsburg, Esslingen, Böblingen, Rems-Murr and Göppingen (each 10–20 km from Stuttgart city center). About 2.7 million inhabitants live in  that area (3,700 km2). In fact, with 708 people per square kilometre, the Stuttgart Region (German: Region Stuttgart) is one of the most densely populated areas in Germany. Stuttgart Region is governed by a directly elected parliament.

Situated at the heart of Baden-Württemberg, the Stuttgart Region is the hub of economic, scientific, and political life in Southwest Germany. The area currently has Germany's highest density of scientific, academic and research organisations, and tops the national league for patent applications.
Cassandra Willoughby, Duchess of Chandos
Cassandra Willoughby, Duchess of Chandos (23 April 1670 – 16 July 1735) was an English historian, travel writer and artist. She spent more than a quarter-century overseeing the restoration of the gardens and rebuilding of the family mansion at Wollaton Hall, now in Nottingham, inherited by her father, Francis Willoughby.

James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos
James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos, PC, DL, FRS (6 January 1673 – 9 August 1744) was a British landowner and politician who represented Hereford in the English and British House of Commons from 1698 until 1714, when he succeeded to his father's peerage as Baron Chandos and started sitting in the House of Lords. He was subsequently created Earl of Carnarvon, and then Duke of Chandos in 1719.
Grampa Simpson
Abraham Jay "Abe" Simpson II, better known as Grampa Simpson, is a recurring character in the animated television series The Simpsons. He made his first appearance in 1988 in the episode entitled "Grandpa and the Kids", a one-minute Simpsons short on The Tracey Ullman Show, before the debut of the television show in 1989.

Grampa Simpson is voiced by Dan Castellaneta, who also voices his son, Homer Simpson. He is the paternal grandfather of Bart, Lisa and Maggie Simpson. In the 1,000th issue of Entertainment Weekly, Grampa was selected as the "Grandpa for The Perfect TV Family". Grampa is a World War II veteran and retired farmer who was later sent to the Springfield Retirement Castle by Homer. He is known for his long, rambling, often incoherent and irrelevant stories and senility.

Springfield (The Simpsons)
Springfield is the primary fictional setting of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons and related media. It is an average-sized, fictional city in an unknown state in the United States. The city's geography, surroundings, and layout are flexible, often changing to accommodate the plot of any given episode.

Springfield was inspired by a number of real-life locations, including creator Matt Groening's hometown of Portland, Oregon, the nearby town of Springfield, Oregon, and producer Mike Scully's hometown of Springfield, Massachusetts. However, in order to emphasize it as an example of "Anytown, USA", the location of the fictional Springfield remains a mystery. "Clues" regarding Springfield's climate, geology, distance from real cities, or political alignment, which are found in numerous episodes of the series, are intentionally contradictory.

In November 2025, an island version of Springfield was the main map for the Fortnite x Simpsons crossover mini season.
Opisthoproctus
Opisthoproctus soleatus is an argentiniform species of fish referred to as the barreleye, being the type genus and species of the family Opisthoproctidae. The species lives in most tropical seas, but is more common in the eastern Atlantic, from western Ireland to Mauritania and from Sierra Leone to Angola, and also in the South China Sea. O. soleatus can grow to a standard length of 10.5 centimetres (4.1 in) and usually live from about 500 to 700 metres (1,600 to 2,300 ft) deep.

Barreleye
Barreleyes, also known as spookfish (a name also applied to several species of chimaera), are small deep-sea argentiniform fish comprising the family Opisthoproctidae found in tropical-to-temperate waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.

These fish are named because of their barrel-shaped, tubular eyes, which are generally directed upwards to detect the silhouettes of available prey; however, the fish are capable of directing their eyes forward, as well.
Simon du Bosc
Simon du Bosc (died 14 September 1418) was a French religious, abbot of Cerisy Abbey and then 58th abbot of Jumièges Abbey from 1391 to his death. He attended several councils where he was distinguished by his eloquence and the uprightness of his judgment.

Cerisy Abbey
Cerisy Abbey, otherwise the Abbey of Saint Vigor (French: Abbaye de Cerisy, Abbaye Saint-Vigor de Cerisy), located in Cerisy-la-Forêt (near Saint-Lô), Manche, France, was an important Benedictine monastery of Normandy.
Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo
Don Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo (July 7, 1807 – January 18, 1890) was a Californio general, statesman, and public figure. He was born a subject of Spain, performed his military duties as an officer of the Republic of Mexico, and shaped the transition of Alta California from a territory of Mexico to the U.S. state of California. He served in the first session of the California State Senate. The city of Vallejo, California, is named after him, and the nearby city of Benicia is named after his wife Francisca Benicia Carrillo.

Juan Bautista Alvarado
Juan Bautista Valentín Alvarado y Vallejo (February 14, 1809 – July 13, 1882) usually known as Juan Bautista Alvarado, was a Californio politician who served as governor of Alta California from 1837 to 1842. Prior to his term as governor, Alvarado briefly led a movement for independence of Alta California from 1836 to 1837, in which he successfully deposed interim governor Nicolás Gutiérrez, declared independence, and created a new flag and constitution, before negotiating an agreement with the Mexican government resulting in his recognition as governor and the end of the independence movement.
Edward Street, Brisbane
Edward Street is a busy thoroughfare in the Brisbane central business district, Queensland, Australia.  It is a one-way street located between Albert Street and Creek Street, and runs from Upper Edward Street to Alice Street. It is named after Edward VII of the United Kingdom.

A number of prominent Brisbane landmarks are situated on Edward Street. The Central Station, the Queen Street Mall, the Metro Arts Theatre and the City Botanic Gardens can be accessed from Edward Street.

A number of Brisbane CBD shopping centres have entrances from Edward Street. These include QueensPlaza, Wintergarden, MacArthur Central, ANZAC Square Arcade and Rowes Arcade.

Metro Arts Theatre
Metro Arts Theatre is a heritage-listed building, originally a warehouse and then a theatre complex, at 109–117 Edward Street, Brisbane City, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1890. It has also been known as Community Arts Centre, Coronation House, and Metro Arts Centre. Theatres within the building have included the Edward Street Theatre, also known as New Edward Street Theatre (as part of the Community Arts Centre in the 1980s),  while the Sue Benner Theatre, the Basement and the Studio came later. Metro Arts moved out of the building in late 2020.

The building was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.
Elizabeth Whittingham
Elizabeth Whittingham is a former lecturer in English at the State University of New York College, Brockport, New York. She is known for her Tolkien studies research, including her 2008 book The Evolution of Tolkien's Mythology, which examines the development of his legendarium as published in the 12-volume The History of Middle-earth.

Tolkien research
The works of J. R. R. Tolkien have generated a body of research covering many aspects of his fantasy writings. These encompass The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion, along with his legendarium that remained unpublished until after his death, and his constructed languages, especially the Elvish languages Quenya and Sindarin. Scholars from different disciplines have examined the linguistic and literary origins of Middle-earth, and have explored many aspects of his writings from Christianity to feminism and race.
Ogasawara clan castle sites
The Ogasawara clan castle sites (小笠原氏城跡, Ogasawara-shi jō-seki) were a number Sengoku period yamashiro-style Japanese castles located in what is now part of the city of Matsumoto, Nagano prefecture. These fortifications were built in the Muromachi period by the Ogasawara clan, who ruled the area at the time. Two of the castle ruins, that of Igawa Castle and Hayashi Castle, have been protected collectively as a National Historic Sites since 2017.

Matsumoto, Nagano
Matsumoto (松本市, Matsumoto-shi) is a city located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. Matsumoto is designated as a core city since 1 April 2021. As of 1 March 2019, the city had a population of 239,466 in 105,207 households and a population density of 240 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 978.47 square kilometres (377.79 sq mi).
Käte Niederkirchner
Käte Niederkirchner (born Käte Appel or Käte Dienstbach:  30 January 1944 - 19 November 2019) was a German politician (SED / PDS) and pediatrician.   In 1967 she became the youngest member of the East German parliament ("Volkskammer").   Her life was impacted by having been born with a famous aunt, the Communist resistance activist Käthe Niederkirchner who was killed by Nazi paramilitaries at Ravensbrück concentration camp in 1944, and who was posthumously much celebrated by East Germany's political leadership.

Käthe Niederkirchner
Käthe "Katja" Niederkirchner (7 October 1909 - 28 September 1944) was a German Communist resistance activist who was fatally shot by Nazi paramilitaries on the night of 27/28 September 1944 at Ravensbrück concentration camp.

Although the number of people who died under similar circumstances is incalculably large, one of several things that marks out the case of Käthe Niederkirchner is the extent to which she was celebrated by public authorities after her death.
Anioma people
The Anioma people (/æˈniːɒmɑː/ ah-NEE-o-ma, US: /əˈniːɒmɑː/ uh-NEE-o-mah; Ndí Ániọ̀mà Listenⓘ) of present day Delta State, Nigeria encompass and are native to the nine northeastern Local Government Areas of Delta State and the Ika communities of Edo State. Politically, the Anioma occupy the Delta North Senatorial District where they are the majority group.

Today, the population of the Anioma is estimated today to be at approximately 1.8 million. The largest Anioma settlement and urban area is the Delta State Capital Territory, which incorporates the city of Asaba along the Niger River, with Okpanam, Igbuzor and surrounding communities. The Anioma natively speak western dialects of the Igbo language, a Niger-Congo language, as well as several minority languages related to the cultures they lie contingent to.

Asaba
Asaba (Igbo: Ahaba) is the capital of Delta State, Nigeria. A rapidly growing urban area, it is located on the western bank of the Niger River and serves as the seat of the Oshimili South Local Government Area and Delta State Capital Territory. Asaba had a population of 149,603 as at the 2006 census, and a fast growing metropolitan population today of over half a million people.

In some respects, Asaba and neighboring Onitsha in Anambra State form a continuous metropolitan region. The First and Second Niger bridges traverse the boundary between Delta and Anambra with the Niger's relatively centralized location in this region marking it as the geopolitical border between Eastern and Western Nigeria.

In October 2023, Asaba joined the UNESCO Creative Cities Network and was named a UNESCO City of Film.