hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brent Spencer
General Sir Brent Spencer GCB (c. 1760 – 29 December 1828) was an Anglo-Irish officer in the British Army, seeing active service during the American Revolutionary War and the French Revolutionary Wars. During the Peninsular War he became General Wellesley's second-in-command on two occasions. He fought at Vimeiro and testified in Wellesley's favour at the inquiry following the Convention of Cintra. He led a division at Bussaco and two divisions at Fuentes de Onoro. After the latter action, he had an independent command in northern Portugal. Wellesley, now Lord Wellington, was not satisfied that Spencer was up to the responsibilities of second-in-command and he was replaced by Thomas Graham. Miffed, Spencer left Portugal and never returned. He became a full general in 1825.

He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Sligo Borough from 1815 to 1818.

Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro
The Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro was a military engagement that took place from 3–5 May 1811 during the Peninsular War. An Anglo-Portuguese Army under Wellington checked an attempt by the French Army of Portugal under Marshal André Masséna to relieve the besieged city of Almeida. The French defeat at Fuentes de Oñoro, in addition to the steadfastness of the allies and the formidable high ground and fortified position held by Wellesley, was further facilitated by the poor cooperation between Masséna and his subordinates. As Wellington stated, if Napoleon had been at Fuentes, "we should have been beat."
Styx
In Greek mythology, Styx (/ˈstɪks/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Στύξ [stýks]; lit. "Shuddering"), also called the River Styx, is a goddess and one of the rivers of the Greek Underworld. Her parents were the Titans Oceanus and Tethys, and she was the wife of the Titan Pallas and the mother of Zelus, Nike, Kratos, and Bia. She sided with Zeus in his war against the Titans, and because of this, to honor her, Zeus decreed that the solemn oaths of the gods be sworn by the water of Styx.

Oceanids
In Greek mythology, the Oceanids or Oceanides (/oʊˈsiːənɪdz, ˈoʊʃənɪdz/ oh-SEE-ə-nidz, OH-shə-nidz; Ancient Greek: Ὠκεανίδες, romanized: Ōkeanídes, sg. Ὠκεανίς, Ōkeanís) are the nymphs who were the three thousand (a number interpreted as meaning "innumerable") daughters of the Titans Oceanus and Tethys.
Capital punishment in Ireland
Capital punishment in Ireland was abolished in statute law in 1990, having been abolished in 1964 for most offences including ordinary murder. The last person to be executed was Michael Manning, hanged for murder in 1954. All subsequent death sentences in Ireland, the last handed down in 1985, were commuted by the President, on the advice of the Government, to terms of imprisonment of up to 40 years. The Twenty-first Amendment to the constitution, passed by referendum in 2001, prohibits the reintroduction of the death penalty, even during a state of emergency or war.  Capital punishment is also forbidden by several human rights treaties to which the state is a party.

Twenty-first Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland
The Twenty-first Amendment of the Constitution Act 2001 (previously bill no. 16 of 2001) is an amendment of the Constitution of Ireland which introduced a constitutional ban on the death penalty and removed all references to capital punishment from the text. It was approved by referendum on 7 June 2001 and signed into law on 27 March 2002. The referendum was held on the same day as referendums on the ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, which was also approved, and on the ratification of the Nice Treaty, which was rejected.
Yomou Prefecture
Yomou is a prefecture located in the Nzérékoré Region of Guinea. The capital and principal town of the prefecture is Yomou. The prefecture covers an area of 3,920 km.² and has an estimated population of 114,371.

As of 2005, Yomou town is estimated to have a population of around 12,000. The town is an important trading centre for the Guinea Highlands area.

Yomou
Yomou (N’ko: ߦߏ߭ߡߎ߲߬) is a town located in southeastern Guinea. It is the capital of Yomou Prefecture. It has an estimated population of 29,138 (2008) growing from 9,661 (1996).

The town is inhabited mainly by the Guerze (Kpelle) and Mano (or Manon) peoples. The surrounding area borders Liberia to the east.

A number of refugees crossed the border to Yomou during the First and Second Liberian Civil Wars, accounting for its recent growth.
National Defense University (Kazakhstan)
The National Defence University named after the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan - Elbasi (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы Тұңғыш Президенті атындағы Ұлттық қорғаныс университеті - Елбасы, romanized: Qazaqstan Respublikasy Tūñğyş Prezidentı atyndağy Ūlttyq qorğanys universitetı - Elbasy; Russian: Национальный университет обороны имени Первого Президента Республике Казахстан — Лидера Нации) also known commonly as the National Defence University is a higher military educational institution for the training of senior officers in Kazakhstan's Armed Forces. It enrolls state officials, executive authorities, and officers of foreign armies. The main tasks of the NDU are to train officers to become professionals in the armed forces. It is currently led by the former head of the Kazakh artillery forces, Major General Lut Alchekenov.

Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan
The Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының Қарулы Күштері, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Qaruly Küşterı; Russian: Вооружённые силы Республики Казахстан) are the unified armed forces of Kazakhstan. They consist of three branches (Ground Forces, Air Defense Forces, Naval Forces) as well as four independent formations (Air Assault Forces, Special Forces, Rocket and Artillery Forces, and Territorial Troops). The National Guard, Civil Defense, Border Service and the State Security Service serve as militarized affiliates of the armed forces. The national defence policy aims are based on the Constitution of Kazakhstan. They guarantee the preservation of the independence and sovereignty of the state and the integrity of its land area, territorial waters and airspace and its constitutional order. The armed forces of Kazakhstan act under the authority of the Kazakhstan Ministry of Defence.
Serge Lang (skiing)
Serge Lang (6 June 1920 – 21 November 1999) was a French journalist, alpine skier and the founder of the alpine skiing World Cup.  As a journalist he covered alpine skiing, cycling, and other sports for five major publications.  In the mid-1960s, he envisioned a season-long series of ski races, which became the World Cup skiing circuit.  He continued to guide the growth of the World Cup and the sport of ski racing over the next two decades.

FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts that included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France (Honore Bonnet) and the USA (Bob Beattie). It was soon backed by International Ski Federation president Marc Hodler during the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966 at Portillo, Chile, and became an official FIS event in the spring of 1967 after the FIS Congress at Beirut, Lebanon.

The inaugural World Cup race was held on 5 January 1967 in Berchtesgaden, West Germany, a slalom won by Heinrich Messner of Austria. Jean-Claude Killy of France and Nancy Greene of Canada were the overall winners for the first two seasons.
Nicholas Richardson
Nicholas James Richardson is a British Classical scholar and formerly Warden of Greyfriars, Oxford, from 2004 until 2007.

Nicholas Richardson was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford (Honour Moderations in Literae Humaniores first class, Final Honour School of Literae Humaniores first class, BPhil, DPhil). From 1960 until 1961 he was a student of ancient historian G.E.M. de Ste Croix, and contributed to his festschrift entitled Crux.

He was appointed Lecturer at Pembroke and Trinity and in 1968 Fellow and Tutor in Classics of Merton. He was Chairman of the University-wide Tutors for Graduates Committee 1988-93, Governor of Plater College 1993-99, and Sub-Warden of Merton 1998-2000. He became Warden of Greyfriars in 2004. He was the first layperson to hold that office. He retired in 2007. He is now an Emeritus Fellow of Merton.

Richardson was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 1985.

Greyfriars, Oxford
Greyfriars is a Roman Catholic friary and parish located in East Oxford, which until 2008 was also a permanent private hall of the University of Oxford. Situated on the Iffley Road in East Oxford, it was one of the smallest constituent halls of the university. Its status as a permanent private hall (PPH) derived from the fact that it was governed by an outside institution (the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, a Franciscan religious order), rather than by the fellows of the University as a constituent college is.

In 2007 the decision was made to close the hall, with students transferred to Regent's Park College. The buildings continue to host the friary which formerly co-existed with the hall.

Greyfriars has one of the most distinctive buildings in Oxford; it is the only flint-stone Norman-style building in the city, and its green spire is prominent along the Iffley Road and from the university's Roger Bannister running track.
Ronald
Ronald is a masculine given name derived from the Old Norse Rögnvaldr, or possibly from Old English Regenweald. In some cases Ronald is an Anglicised form of the Gaelic Raghnall, a name likewise derived from Rögnvaldr. The latter name is composed of the Old Norse elements regin ("advice", "decision") and valdr ("ruler"). Ronald was originally used in England and Scotland, where Scandinavian influences were once substantial, although now the name is common throughout the English-speaking world. A short form of Ronald is Ron. Pet forms of Ronald include Roni and Ronnie. Ronalda and Rhonda are feminine forms of Ronald. Rhona, a modern name apparently only dating back to the late nineteenth century, may have originated as a feminine form of Ronald. The names Renaud/Renault and Reynold/Reinhold are cognates from French and German respectively. The name Ronaldo is a cognate from Spanish and Portuguese.

Ronnie (name)
Ronnie is a given name. It can be a pet form of the masculine name Ronald and the feminine name Veronica.

The masculine Ronald is derived from the Old Norse Rögnvaldr, which is composed of the elements regin ("advice", "decision") and valdr ("ruler"). The feminine Veronica is derived from a form of Berenice, which is derived from the Greek Berenikē and Pherenīkē and means "victory bringer".
Teche Greyhound Lines
The Teche Greyhound Lines (called also Teche or TGL), a highway-coach carrier, was a Greyhound regional operating company, based in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, from 1934 until 1954, when it (along with the Dixie Greyhound Lines) was merged into the Southeastern Greyhound Lines, a neighboring operating company.

[Teche, pronounced as "tesh", is a word of French origin, a word (téche) for "snake" – due to a legend (about a large snake in the region) which the natives had told to the early French traders and explorers – from the name of the Bayou Teche in the swamp country in coastal Louisiana.] 
Correction note: Not named Teche because of a big snake in the region; but, because the Bayou Teche has a snakelike appearance as it meanders through the land curving this way and then that way, similar to snakelike movements.

Atlantic Greyhound Lines
The Atlantic Greyhound Lines (called also Atlantic or AGL), a highway-coach carrier, was a Greyhound regional operating company, based in Charleston, West Virginia, USA, from 1931 until 1960, when it became merged with the Southeastern Greyhound Lines (called also Southeastern, SEG, SEGL, or the SEG Lines), a neighboring operating company, thus forming the Southern Division of The Greyhound Corporation (the parent Greyhound firm), which division became called also the Southern Greyhound Lines (GL).
Roughhouse (band)
Roughhouse was an American glam metal band founded as Teeze in 1983.

Their name was changed to Roughhouse in 1988 following line-up and image changes after signing with Columbia Records, although the reason for the name change itself was reportedly for "legal reasons". Max Norman produced their 1988 self-titled album. The members of the band are vocalist Luis Rivera, guitarists Tripp Eisen (known at the time as Rex Eisen) and Gregg Malack, bassist Dave Weakley, and drummer Mike Natalini. In 1991, the band broke up and reunited for some shows in 1992, 1993 and 2002.

On October 15, 2016, Roughhouse performed their first show in 14 years at the Whiskey Tango in Philadelphia. This was followed with more shows in 2017.

Tripp Eisen
Tod Rex Salvador (born June 29, 1965), known professionally as Tripp Eisen, is an American musician best known as the former guitarist of industrial metal band Static-X. He is the current guitarist for the band Face Without Fear, and a former member of Dope, Murderdolls, and Roughhouse.
Paulette Jordan
Paulette E. Jordan (born December 7, 1979) is an American politician who served in the Idaho House of Representatives as a member of the Idaho Democratic Party from December 1, 2014, until February 14, 2018. She previously served on the Coeur d’Alene Tribal Council, its sovereign government. During her final term she was the only Democrat serving in the Idaho Legislature from North Idaho. She was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Idaho in the 2018 election, losing against Lieutenant Governor Brad Little. She was the Democratic nominee in 2020 for the United States Senate, losing to incumbent Republican Jim Risch.

2018 Idaho gubernatorial election
The 2018 Idaho gubernatorial election took place on November 6 to elect the next governor of Idaho. Incumbent Republican Governor Butch Otter chose not to run for a fourth term, and the state's primaries were held on May 15.

Former state representative Paulette Jordan was the Democratic Party's nominee. She was the first Democratic nominee from Northern Idaho since Cecil Andrus, who was first elected governor in 1970.

Jordan lost to incumbent lieutenant governor Brad Little by 21.6 percentage points, for a seventh consecutive Republican victory.

A record 605,131 votes were cast for governor in 2018, a 37.6% increase over the previous election in 2014 (439,830 votes). The previous high was 452,535 votes in 2010.
City-class ironclad
The  Pook Turtles,  or City-class gunboats to use their semi-official name, were war vessels intended for service on the Mississippi River  during the American Civil War. They were also sometimes referred to as "Eads gunboats."  The labels are applied to seven vessels of uniform design built from the keel up in Carondelet, Missouri shipyards owned by James Buchanan Eads. Eads was a wealthy St. Louis industrialist who risked his fortune in support of the Union.

The City-class gunboats were the United States' first ironclad warships.

The gunboats produced by Eads formed the core of the United States Army's Western Gunboat Flotilla, which later was transferred to the US Navy and became the Mississippi River Squadron. Eads gunboats took part in almost every significant action on the upper Mississippi and its tributaries from their first offensive use at the Battle of Fort Henry until the end of the war.

USS Carondelet
USS Carondelet (/kəˈrɒndəlɛt/ kə-RON-də-let) (1861) was a City-class ironclad gunboat constructed for the War Department by James B. Eads during the American Civil War.  It was named for the town where it was built, Carondelet, Missouri.

Carondelet was designed for service on the western rivers, with a combination of shallow draft and variety of heavy guns (and a light howitzer), she was suited for riverside bombardment and ship-to-ship combat against Confederate gunboats.
Antioch of Pisidia
Antioch in Pisidia – alternatively Antiochia in Pisidia or Pisidian Antioch (Greek: Ἀντιόχεια τῆς Πισιδίας) and in Roman Empire, Latin: Antiochia Caesareia or Antiochia Colonia Caesarea – was a city in the Turkish Lakes Region, which was at the crossroads of the Mediterranean, Aegean and Central Anatolian regions, and formerly on the border of Pisidia and Phrygia, hence also known as Antiochia in Phrygia. The site lies approximately 1 km northeast of Yalvaç, a modern town in Isparta Province. The city was on a hill with its highest point of 1236 m in the north.

Pisidia
Pisidia or Pisidya (/pɪˈsɪdiə/; Greek: Πισιδία) was an ancient Anatolian region located north of Pamphylia, northeast of Lycia, west of Isauria and Cilicia, and south of Phrygia, corresponding roughly to the modern-day Antalya Province of the Republic of Turkey. Among Pisidia's settlements were Antioch in Pisidia, Termessos, Cremna, Sagalassos, Etenna, Neapolis, Selge, Tyriacum, Laodiceia Katakekaumene, Adada, and Philomelium.
Celle Enomondo
Celle Enomondo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Turin and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Asti.

Celle Enomondo borders the following municipalities: Antignano, Asti, Revigliasco d'Asti, and San Damiano d'Asti.

Asti
Asti (UK: /ˈæsti/ AST-ee, US: /ˈɑːsti/ AH-stee; Italian: [ˈasti] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Ast [ˈɑst]) is a comune (municipality) of 74,348 inhabitants (1–1–2021) located in the Italian region of Piedmont, about 55 kilometres (34 miles) east of Turin, in the plain of the Tanaro River. It is the capital of the province of Asti and it is deemed to be the modern capital of Montferrat.
Portland Marriott Downtown Waterfront
The Portland Marriott Downtown Waterfront is a Marriott hotel in downtown Portland, Oregon, United States. It opened in 1980 as the Portland Marriott Hotel. The hotel underwent a major renovation in 2015.

The restaurant Truss replaced the Champions Restaurant & Sports Bar in 2012.

Marriott Hotels & Resorts
Marriott Hotels & Resorts is Marriott International's brand of full-service hotels and resorts based in Bethesda, Maryland. As of June 30, 2020, there were 582 hotels and resorts with 205,053 rooms operating under the brand, in addition to 160 hotels with 47,765 rooms planned for development.
1928 United States Olympic trials (track and field)
The 1928 United States Olympic trials for track and field were held between July 3 and July 7, 1928 and decided the United States team for the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. For the first time, women's track and field was part of the Olympic program. The trials for men and women were held separately; men competed at Harvard Stadium in Cambridge, Massachusetts on July 6 and July 7, while women competed at City Field in Newark, New Jersey on July 4. Three of the men's events were contested in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania between July 3 and July 5.

Both the men's and women's Olympic trials also served as the annual United States outdoor track and field championships. For the last time, the top four athletes in each event qualified for the Olympics; starting in 1932, every nation was limited to three entrants per event.

Official world records were set in the men's meet by Morgan Taylor in the 400 m hurdles and by Ed Hamm in the long jump.

Harvard Stadium
Harvard Stadium is a U-shaped college football stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. Owned and operated by Harvard University, it is home to the Harvard Crimson football program and can seat just over 25,000 spectators.

Opened in 1903, it is the oldest original stadium structure still in use for college football and the nation's oldest permanent concrete structure dedicated to intercollegiate athletics. While the University of Pennsylvania's Franklin Field (1895) is the oldest site in continuous use, its current stadium structure dates from a 1922 reconstruction.

The stadium was a pioneering execution of reinforced concrete in the construction of large structures. Because of its early importance in these areas, and its influence on the design of later stadiums, it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987, one of only four athletic facilities so designated.
Plocealauda
Plocealauda is a genus of larks in the family Alaudidae. Introduced in 2023, it contains five species that were formerly placed in the genus Mirafra. Their distributions range from the Indian subcontinent to Southeast Asia.

Mirafra
Mirafra is a genus of lark in the family Alaudidae. Some Mirafra species are called "larks", while others are called "bush larks". They are all found in Africa except for the singing bush lark that is found through South Asia to Australia.
Gruffudd ap Llywelyn
Gruffudd ap Llywelyn (c. 1010 – 5 August 1063) was the only Welsh king to unite all of Wales, ruling from 1055 to 1063. He had previously been King of Gwynedd and Powys from 1039 to 1055. Gruffudd was the son of Llywelyn ap Seisyll, King of Gwynedd, and Angharad, daughter of Maredudd ab Owain, King of Deheubarth, and the great-great-grandson of Hywel Dda. After his death, Wales was again divided into separate kingdoms.

King of Wales
Latin versions of "King of Wales" (Welsh: Brenin Cymru) were titles used on a handful of occasions in the Middle Ages. They were very rarely claimed or applied by contemporaries, because Wales, much like Ireland, usually had neither the political unity nor the sovereignty of other contemporary European kingdoms such as England and Scotland. While many early rulers of areas within Wales used the title of "King", they were not, and did not claim to be, rulers of all Wales.

Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Kings of Britain achieved wide circulation from 1136. It has almost no historical value, but it popularised a fictitious list of legendary kings of Britain that remains central to the stories which make up the Matter of Britain.
Dennis Specialist Vehicles
Dennis Specialist Vehicles was an English manufacturer of commercial vehicles based in Guildford, building buses, fire engines, lorries (trucks) and municipal vehicles such as dustcarts. All vehicles were made to order to the customer's requirements and more strongly built than mass production equivalents. For most of the 20th century the Dennis company was Guildford's main employer.

Following a decade of financial difficulties original shareholders sold out in 1972 and Dennis's ownership has since passed through quite a number of hands. No Dennis haulage trucks have been built since 1985. The last Dennis fire engine left the Guildford factory in 2007. The Woodbridge site was sold, and a new factory, built in Slyfield in 1991, remained in use by a lineal business descendant, bus-maker Alexander Dennis, until 2020, when it too was closed down.

The Dennis brand is still used on Alexander Dennis buses, Dennis Eagle dustcarts and Dennis mowers.

Dennis Brothers
Dennis Brothers Limited was an English manufacturer of commercial vehicles based in Guildford. It is best remembered as a manufacturer of buses, fire engines and lorries (trucks) and municipal vehicles such as dustcarts. All vehicles were made to order to the customer's requirements and more strongly built than mass production equivalents. Dennis Brothers was Guildford's main employer.

Following a decade of financial difficulties the original shareholders sold out in 1972 and Dennis's ownership has since passed through quite a number of hands.