hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nundah, Queensland
Nundah (previously called German Station) is an inner suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It contains the neighbourhood of Toombul. In the 2021 census, Nundah had a population of 13,098 people.

Prior to European settlement, Nundah was inhabited by Aboriginal people from the Turrbul tribe. Nundah is primarily a residential suburb, which straddles Sandgate Road, one of the major arterial roads of Brisbane's north.  It was first settled by Europeans in the mid-19th century, although the suburb remained primarily a rural area until it was connected to Brisbane via railway in the 1880s. Originally considered a working-class suburb, the area has become gentrified in recent years, and today features a mix of traditional worker's cottages and modern high-density apartment blocks. It is close to the Centro Shopping Centre.

Sandgate Road
Sandgate Road is a major road in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It provides part of the road connection between Redcliffe and the Brisbane CBD. It is designated state route 26 throughout most of its length.

The road is divided for the majority of its route, ranging from 4 to 6 lanes in some rare places with the majority of the road being 2 to 4 lanes. It also includes a tunneled section (the George Bridges Tunnel named after local pioneer George Bridges) underneath the town centre of Nundah. It also passes the now closed and demolished Toombul Shopping Centre opposite Toombul station.

According to surveys by the RACQ, Sandgate Road is one of the states 10 most frustrating roads.

At Clayfield, the road crosses the Doomben railway line via an overpass.
William Searle Holdsworth
Sir William Searle Holdsworth OM KC FBA (7 May 1871 – 2 January 1944) was an English legal historian and Vinerian Professor of English Law at Oxford University, amongst whose works is the 17-volume History of English Law.

Vinerian Professor of English Law
The Vinerian Professorship of English Law, formerly Vinerian Professorship of Common Law, was established by Charles Viner, who by his will, dated 29 December 1755, left about £12,000 to the chancellor, masters and scholars of the University of Oxford, to establish a professorship of the common law in that university, as well as a number of Vinerian scholarships and readerships.

Until the establishment of the Vinerian Chair, only canon law and Roman (civil) law had been taught at Oxford and Cambridge. Only the Inns of Court provided any instruction in the common law, which was of most practical use to practitioners. Upon Sir William Blackstone's appointment to the Vinerian Professorship, his lectures were the first to be given on English Common Law at any university.
Tandberg
Tandberg was an electronics manufacturer located in Oslo, Norway (production, sales and distribution) and New York City, United States (sales and distribution). The company began in the radio field, but became more widely known for their reel-to-reel tape recorders as well as cassette decks and televisions. The original company went bankrupt in 1978, after a sharp financial downturn. The following year, the company re-formed whilst their data division was split off as Tandberg Data, including the tape recording division, which reduced its scope to data recording.

Over time the original Tandberg company became increasingly involved in the teleconferencing systems, and became a leader in that field. The company's main competitor was Polycom and other competitors were HP, Sony, Radvision, VTEL and Aethra.

Cisco Systems acquired Tandberg on 19 April 2010. Tandberg Data became a German company dedicated to making computer tape storage systems.

MediaKind
MediaKind (formerly Ericsson Television) is a global video technology company providing MPEG-4 AVC, MPEG-2 and HEVC encoding and decoding solutions, as well as stream processing, packaging, network adaption and related products, for Cloud, Contribution & Distribution (C+D), IPTV, Cable, DTT, Satellite DTH and OTT. The global headquarters are located in Denver, CO, USA, with additional offices in Southampton (UK) and Rennes (France).

The company has its roots in the Tandberg Television company that was founded in 1979 and acquired by Ericsson in 2007, as well as Envivio; founded in 2000 and acquired by Ericsson in 2015.
DynoVoice Records
DynoVoice Records was an American record label, founded in 1965 by songwriter/producer Bob Crewe. The label started as Dyno-Vox, but was changed when the 5th single was issued. DynoVoice, along with its NewVoice Records subsidiary, was originally distributed by Bell Records, and later by Dot Records. The label existed until 1969 when it was merged into the Crewe Group of Companies (CGC) label. Some of the label's best-known releases include The Bob Crewe Generation's hit  "Music to Watch Girls By", the soundtrack album for Dino de Laurentiis's camp sci-fi film Barbarella, and material by Mitch Ryder and the Detroit Wheels.

Bob Crewe
Robert Stanley Crewe (November 12, 1930 – September 11, 2014) was an American songwriter, dancer, singer, manager, and record producer. Crewe co-wrote and produced a string of Top 10 singles with Bob Gaudio for the Four Seasons.

As a songwriter, his most successful songs include "Silhouettes" (co-written with Frank Slay); "Big Girls Don't Cry", "Walk Like a Man", "Rag Doll", "Silence Is Golden", "The Sun Ain't Gonna Shine (Anymore)", "Can't Take My Eyes Off You" and "Bye, Bye, Baby" (all co-written with Gaudio); "Let's Hang On!" (written with Sandy Linzer and Denny Randell); and "My Eyes Adored You" and "Lady Marmalade" (both co-written with Kenny Nolan). He also had hit recordings with the Rays, Diane Renay, Mitch Ryder and the Detroit Wheels, Freddy Cannon, Lesley Gore, Oliver, Michael Jackson, Bobby Darin, Roberta Flack, Peabo Bryson, Patti LaBelle, Barry Manilow, and his own Bob Crewe Generation.
Hampshire Militia
The Hampshire Militia was an auxiliary military force in Hampshire and the Isle of Wight in Southern England. From their formal organisation as Trained Bands in 1572 until their final service as the Special Reserve, the Militia regiments of the county served in home defence in all of Britain's major wars. They also saw active service during the Monmouth Rebellion, and supplied thousands of recruits to the fighting battalions during World War I. After 1921 the militia had only a shadowy existence until its final abolition in 1953.

North Hampshire Militia
The North Hampshire Militia (or colloquially the 'North Hants Militia') was an auxiliary military regiment in the county of Hampshire on England's South Coast. First organised during the Seven Years' War it carried out internal security and home defence duties in all of Britain's major wars. It later absorbed the South Hampshire Militia and became a battalion of the Hampshire Regiment, supplying thousands of recruits to the fighting battalions during World War I. After 1921 the militia had only a shadowy existence until its final abolition in 1953.
Barcelona, Venezuela
Barcelona, originally called Nueva Barcelona, is the capital of Anzoátegui State in Venezuela. Together with Puerto La Cruz, Lechería and Guanta, Barcelona forms Barcelona-Puerto La Cruz with a population of approximately 950,000. It was founded in 1671.

Puerto La Cruz
Puerto La Cruz (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpweɾto la ˈkɾus]) is a port city located in Anzoátegui State, in Venezuela. It is the seat of the Juan Antonio Sotillo Municipality. The city has road connections to the state capital, Barcelona, to Lecheria and to Guanta.
Hajiji Noor
Hajiji bin Noor (Jawi: عزيزي بن نور; born 10 May 1955) is a Malaysian politician who served as the 16th Chief Minister of Sabah since 2020. The President of the GAGASAN Party, he represented Sulaman in the Sabah State Legislative Assembly since 1990.

Born in Tuaran, Sabah, he was appointed Chief Minister in late September 2020 after his coalition, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS), won 38 out of the 73 seats, in which 37 seats needed for a simple majority in the 2020 state election. His administration was further strengthened after three independent members of state legislative assembly (MLAs) pledged their support for the state government.

Gabungan Rakyat Sabah
Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS; English: Sabah People's Coalition) is a Malaysian coalition of Sabah-based parties. It was established in 2020 and then registered in 2022 by former United Alliance of Sabah (GBS) and United Borneo Alliance (UBA) component parties operating solely in Sabah inspired by the formula of Sarawak-based coalition, Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS). Gabungan Rakyat Sabah gained significant popularity among Sabahans with a regionalist political outlook.
Mourholme
Mourholme, Maurholme, Morhull or Merhull was a manor and castle in north Lancashire, England, in the present parish of Warton, north of Carnforth. The castle of "Merhull" was surrendered to King John in 1216 by Gilbert Fitz Reinfred. It is not known whether it was built of timber or of stone.

The site of the castle was partially excavated in 1975, at which time it had already been damaged by gravel extraction, and the site has since been flooded forming Pine Lake, which lies east of the A6 road and west of the M6 motorway.

The name is preserved in the title of the Mourholme Local History Society: The Society for the Old Parish of Warton, Lancashire, whose area of interest covers the modern parishes of Borwick, Carnforth, Priest Hutton, Silverdale, Warton, Yealand Conyers and Yealand Redmayne. The Society publishes The Mourholme Magazine of Local History.

Warton, Lancaster
Warton is a village, civil parish and electoral ward in the Lancaster district of Lancashire, England. The village is close to the boundary with Cumbria, and approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of Carnforth, which was originally part of the parish of Warton. The village had a population of 2,315 at the 2001 census, and 2,360 at the 2011 census. The parish covers an area in excess of 11,000 acres (45 km2) and is predominantly rural.

The earliest record of the Warton is in the Domesday Book of 1086. The village contains Warton Old Rectory, the ruins of a late thirteenth- or early fourteenth-century clergyman's house. The parish church, dedicated to Saint Oswald, has links to the Washington family, the ancestors of the first president of the United States of America, George Washington.
Church of St. Stephen, Donje Nerodimlje
Church of St. Stephen (Serbian: Црква Светог Стефана / Crkva Svetog Stefana; Albanian: Kisha e Shën Shtjefënit) was a Serbian Orthodox church located in Donje Nerodimlje, in the municipality of Ferizaj, Kosovo. It belonged to the Diocese of Raška and Prizren of the Serbian Orthodox Church and it was destroyed during the Kosovo War in 1999.

Nerodimë e Poshtme
Nerodimë e Poshtme or Donje Nerodimlje (Serbian Cyrillic: Доње Неродимље) is an archaeological site and village situated west of the city of Ferizaj, Kosovo. Several archaeological trenches were investigated at this location in 1988 (which is close to the Orthodox cemetery).
Chitchat on the Nile
Chitchat on the Nile (Arabic: ثرثرة فوق النيل) (Adrift on the Nile) is a 1971 film based on the 1966 novel  Adrift on the Nile by Egyptian Nobel Laureate Naguib Mahfouz. It is directed by Hussein Kamal and stars Ahmed Ramzy, Magda El-Khatib, Emad Hamdy, Adel Adham, Mervat Amin, Soheir Ramzi and Naemat Mokhtar. The film is a member in Top 100 Egyptian films list.

Adrift on the Nile
Adrift on the Nile (Thartharah fawqa al-Nīl, Arabic: ثرثرة فوق النيل) is a 1966 book by Egyptian author and Nobel Laureate Naguib Mahfouz. The novel was later made into a 1971 film, Chitchat on the Nile. It was translated from Arabic into English in 1993 by Frances Liardet and published by Doubleday.

The book follows Anis Zani who smokes kief every night with a group of friends on a houseboat on the Nile. Anis works as a civil servant but soon finds his life encumbered by his drug use. The book explores nihilism and spiritual emptiness.
Arezzo
Arezzo (UK: /əˈrɛtsoʊ, æˈr-/ ə-RET-soh, arr-ET-soh, US: /ɑːˈr-/ ar-ET-soh; Italian: [aˈrettso]) is a city and comune in Italy and the capital of the province of the same name located in Tuscany. Arezzo is about 80 kilometres (50 miles) southeast of Florence at an elevation of 296 metres (971 ft) above sea level. As of 2022, the population was about 97,000.

Known as the city of gold and of the high fashion, Arezzo was home to artists and poets such as Giorgio Vasari, Guido of Arezzo and Guittone d'Arezzo and in its province to Renaissance artist Michelangelo. In the artistic field, the city is famous for the frescoes by Piero della Francesca inside the Basilica of San Francesco, and the crucifix by Cimabue inside the Basilica of San Domenico. The city is also known for the important Giostra del Saracino, a game of chivalry that dates back to the Middle Ages.

Basilica of San Francesco, Arezzo
The Basilica of San Francesco is a late Medieval church in Arezzo, Tuscany, Italy, dedicated to St Francis of Assisi. It is especially renowned for housing in the chancel the fresco cycle Legends of the True Cross by Piero della Francesca.
Badawi Abdel Fattah
Mohamed Badawi Abdel Fattah (Arabic: محمد بدوي عبد الفتاح, born 24 May 1935 – 6 December 2007), better known as Badawi Abdel Fattah, was an Egyptian football player and coach who played as a midfielder for the Egypt national team. He took part in the 1962 Africa Cup of Nations, and was the tournament's joint top scorer. He also represented his country in the 1964 Summer Olympics.

1962 African Cup of Nations
The 1962 African Cup of Nations was the third edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the football championship of Africa (CAF). It was hosted by Ethiopia. Nine countries entered the competition, including the reigning champions United Arab Republic (UAR), meaning for the first time a qualification tournament was required. The finals only included four teams. UAR, as holders, and Ethiopia as hosts, qualified automatically meaning each needed to play only one game to reach the  final. Ethiopia won the tournament for the first time, defeating  UAR 4–2, after extra time in the final.

This tournament has the highest goals-per-game average in Africa Cup of Nations tournaments.
Dort Motor Car Company
The Dort Motor Car Company of Flint, Michigan, built automobiles from 1915 to 1924. The company was founded by Josiah Dallas Dort as a spinoff from the Durant-Dort Carriage Company, and produced vehicles at Durant-Dort Factory One until its dissolution.

Durant-Dort Factory One
Durant-Dort Factory One (formally Durant-Dort Carriage Factory No. 1, formerly the Flint Road Cart Factory, and commonly known as Factory One) is a former cotton textile, carriage, and automobile factory in Flint, Michigan, that is now an archive and a center for research, meetings, and the community. The building was constructed in 1880 as a cotton textile factory. It produced carriages for the Durant-Dort Carriage Company from 1886 to 1917 and then produced cars for the Dort Motor Car Company from 1917 to 1924. It is often considered the birthplace of General Motors (GM).

Factory One housed numerous businesses between 1928 and 2013, when GM purchased it. Architectural firm SmithGroupJJR restored the interior and exterior of the building, which was reopened on May 1, 2017 as a conference and event space and as Kettering University's automotive archive.
Erwin Panofsky
Erwin Panofsky (March 30, 1892 – March 14, 1968) was a German-Jewish art historian whose work represents a high point in the modern academic study of iconography, including his hugely influential Renaissance and Renascences in Western Art and his seminal Early Netherlandish Painting.

Panofsky's ideas were highly influential in intellectual history in general, particularly in his use of historical ideas to interpret artworks and vice versa. Many of his books are still in print, including Studies in Iconology: Humanist Themes in the Art of the Renaissance (1939), Meaning in the Visual Arts (1955), and his 1943 study The Life and Art of Albrecht Dürer. His academic career was pursued mostly in the U.S. after the rise of the Nazi regime.

Early Netherlandish Painting (Panofsky book)
Early Netherlandish Painting: Its Origins and Character is a 1953 book on art history by Erwin Panofsky, derived from the 1947–48 Charles Eliot Norton Lectures. The book had a wide impact on studies of Renaissance art and Early Netherlandish painting in particular, but also studies in iconography, art history, and intellectual history in general. The book is particularly well-known for its iconographic treatment of Van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait as a kind of marriage contract, a hypothesis advanced by Panofsky as early as 1934. The book remains influential despite its reliance on black-and-white reproductions of paintings, which led to some errors of analysis.

Early Netherlandish Painting shares its title with the comprehensive, 14-volume survey by Max J. Friedländer, a fact obliquely acknowledged at the beginning of the preface. Panofsky, however, completes his book prior to including any discussion of interpretation of Bosch and Bruegel.
Chandi Prasad Bhatt
Chandi Prasad Bhatt (born 23 June 1934) is an Indian environmentalist and social activist, who founded Dasholi Gram Swarajya Sangh (DGSS) in Gopeshwar in 1964, which later became a mother-organization to the Chipko Movement, in which he was one of the pioneers. For his work Bhatt was awarded the Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1982, followed by the Padma Bhushan in 2005.

Today he is known for his work on subaltern social ecology, and considered one of India's first modern environmentalists.

In 2013, he was the recipient of the Gandhi Peace Prize.

Chipko movement
The Chipko movement (Hindi: चिपको आन्दोलन, lit. 'hugging movement') is a forest conservation movement in India. Opposed to commercial logging and the government's policies on deforestation, protesters in the 1970s engaged in tree hugging, wrapping their arms around trees so that they could not be felled.

Today, beyond its eco-socialist reputation, the movement is seen increasingly as an ecofeminist one. Although many of its leaders were men, women had a much more significant participation, as they were the ones most affected by the rampant deforestation, which led to a lack of firewood, fodder and water for drinking and irrigation. Over the years the women also became primary stakeholders in a majority of the afforestation work that happened under the Chipko movement. In 1987, the Chipko movement was awarded the Right Livelihood Award "for its dedication to the conservation, restoration and ecologically-sound use of India's natural resources".
John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich
John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, PC, FRS (13 November 1718 – 30 April 1792) was a British statesman who succeeded his grandfather Edward Montagu, 3rd Earl of Sandwich as the Earl of Sandwich in 1729, at the age of ten. He held various military and political offices during his life, including Postmaster General, First Lord of the Admiralty, and Secretary of State for the Northern Department. He is also known for the claim that he was the inventor of the sandwich.

John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford
John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford (30 September 1710 – 5 January 1771) was a British Whig statesman and peer who served as the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland from 1757 to 1761. A leading member of the Whig party during the Seven Years' War, he negotiated the 1763 Treaty of Paris which ended the conflict. Bedford was also an early promoter of cricket and a patron of the arts who commissioned numerous works from prominent artists, most notably Canaletto.
CA-95
The CA-95 is a highly mobile, short range, Romanian native-made amphibious self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon, currently in service with the Romanian Land Forces. The CA-95 is the Romanian variant of the Soviet 9K31 Strela-1 system. It can carry four infrared-guided surface to air missiles and has a firing range of approximately 4.2 km. Each TEL consists of two pairs of ready-to-fire missiles, mounted in boxes on either side of a turret on a TAB-79 amphibious vehicle. It can engage targets flying between 50 and 3,500 meters.

In 2025, CA-95 systems have been seen in use with the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

9K31 Strela-1
The 9K31 Strela-1 (Russian: 9К31 «Стрела-1»; English: arrow) is a highly mobile, short-range, low altitude infra-red guided surface-to-air missile system. Originally developed by the Soviet Union under the GRAU designation 9K31, it is commonly known by its NATO reporting name, SA-9 "Gaskin". The system consists of a BRDM-2 amphibious vehicle, mounting two pairs of ready-to-fire 9M31 missiles.
Touching the Void (book)
Touching the Void is a 1988 book by Joe Simpson, recounting his and Simon Yates's near fatal descent after climbing the 6,344-metre (20,814 ft) peak Siula Grande in the Peruvian Andes. It has sold over a million copies and has been translated into over 20 languages.

Joe Simpson (mountaineer)
Joe Simpson (born 13 August 1960) is a British mountaineer, author, and motivational speaker. While climbing in Peru in 1985, he suffered severe injuries and was assumed dead by his climbing companion Simon Yates after falling into a crevasse, but he survived and managed to crawl back to his base camp. He described the ordeal in his 1988 book Touching the Void, which has been adapted into a 2003 documentary film and a 2018 stage play, both of the same name.
Tupolev Tu-22
The Tupolev Tu-22 (Air Standardization Coordinating Committee name: Blinder) was the first supersonic bomber to enter production in the Soviet Union. Manufactured by Tupolev, the Tu-22 entered service with Long-Range Aviation and Soviet Naval Aviation in the 1960s.

The aircraft was a disappointment, lacking both the speed and range that had been expected. It was also a difficult design to fly and maintain. It was produced in small numbers, especially compared to the Tupolev Tu-16 it was designed to replace. The aircraft was later adapted for other roles, notably as the Tu-22R reconnaissance aircraft and as a carrier for the long-range Kh-22 antiship missile.

Tu-22s were sold to other nations, including Libya and Iraq: Libyan Tu-22s were used against Tanzania and Chad, and Iraqi Tu-22s were used during the Iran–Iraq War.

Kh-22
The Kh-22 "Storm" (Russian: Х-22 "Буря", NATO reporting name AS-4 'Kitchen') is a large, long-range anti-ship cruise missile developed by MKB Raduga in the Soviet Union. It was designed for use against aircraft carriers and carrier battle groups, with either a conventional or nuclear warhead. Kh-32 is an updated conventional variant of the Kh-22 and was accepted to service in 2016; it features an improved rocket motor and a new seeker head.
Worldwide FM
Worldwide FM is a freeform internet radio service that highlights "underground music, culture and stories from around the globe." Founded in 2016 by DJ Gilles Peterson, longtime host of the BBC Radio program Worldwide, the platform features a rotating roster of international radio DJs and programming. As of 2020, Worldwide FM has a monthly audience of more than 400,000 listeners. In September 2022, it was announced broadcasting would be paused at the end of October 2022, something that never happened.

Gilles Peterson
Gilles Jérôme Moehrle MBE (French pronunciation: [ʒil ʒeʁom muʁl]; born 28 September 1964), better known as Gilles Peterson (/dʒaɪlz/), is a broadcaster, DJ, record label and festival owner. He is renowned for his genre-defying approach to music with jazz at its core. From this base he has systematically championed a whole range of music from across the globe moving from dance music to experimental and all points in-between.