hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Twin Mountains Formation
The Twin Mountains Formation, also known as the Twin Mak Formation, is a sedimentary rock formation, within the Trinity Group, found in Texas of the United States of America.  It is a terrestrial formation of Aptian age (Lower Cretaceous), and is notable for its dinosaur fossils. Dinosaurs from this formation include the large theropod Acrocanthosaurus, the sauropod Sauroposeidon, as well as the ornithopods Tenontosaurus and Convolosaurus.
 It is the lowermost unit of the lower Cretaceous, lying unconformably on Carboniferous strata. It is overlain by the Glen Rose Formation. It is the lateral equivalent of the lower part of the Antlers Formation.

Convolosaurus
Convolosaurus (/ˌkɒnvələˈsɔːrəs/, meaning "flocking lizard" after the concentration of juvenile fossils found) is a genus of basal ornithopod dinosaur from the Twin Mountains Formation from Proctor Lake in Comanche County, Texas. The type and only species is Convolosaurus marri.
2017 Finsbury Park van attack
On 19 June 2017, an Islamophobic terrorist attack occurred in Finsbury Park, London, England, when a van was intentionally driven into a crowd of Muslim pedestrians near the Muslim Welfare House, 100 yards (90 m) from the Finsbury Park Mosque, resulting in the death of a man and 11 injuries. The attack was found to be motivated by Islamophobia.

Makram Ali, a man who had earlier collapsed and was receiving first aid, died at the scene. The incident was investigated by counter-terrorism police as a terrorist attack. On 23 June, the perpetrator, a 47-year-old man from Cardiff, Wales named Darren Osborne, was charged with terrorism-related murder and attempted murder. In February 2018 at Woolwich Crown Court, he was found guilty on both counts and was sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum term of 43 years.

2017 London Bridge attack
On 3 June 2017, a terrorist vehicle-ramming and stabbing took place in London, England. A van was deliberately driven into pedestrians on London Bridge, and then crashed on Borough High Street, just south of the River Thames. The van's three occupants then ran to the nearby Borough Market area and began stabbing people in and around restaurants and pubs. They were shot dead by Metropolitan Police and City of London Police firearms officers, and were found to be wearing fake explosive vests.

Eight people were killed and forty-eight were injured, including members of the public and four unarmed police officers who attempted to stop the assailants. British authorities described the perpetrators as "radical Islamist terrorists". The Islamic State (ISIS) claimed responsibility for the attack.
Belville, Belgrade
Belville (Serbian: Белвил, romanized: Belvil; or University Village, Serbian: Универзитетско Село, romanized: Univerzitetsko Selo) is a residential area within Block 67 (Serbian: Блок 67, romanized: Blok 67) in New Belgrade. It is the first officially planned neighbourhood of Belgrade in 12 years; the project was started in 2006, and the apartments were used by participants of the 2009 Summer Universiade in Belgrade. The complex consists of 14 residential buildings and 2 commercial buildings, and more than 300 stores, a sales pavilion and a large parking space, covering a total area of 13.8 hectares. The construction investor is the company "Block 67 Associates".

2009 Summer Universiade
The 2009 Summer Universiade, officially known as the XXV Summer Universiade, was celebrated in Belgrade, Serbia from July 1 to 12, 2009. The event has also been organised by a range of co-host cities near Belgrade, mostly in northern Serbia. It was the largest sporting event ever to be organised by the city. At this Universiade the biggest star was the Russian rhythmic gymnast Evgeniya Kanaeva, who won 5 gold medals. Russia was the leading nation in the medal table, with the most gold medals (27) and most medals (76).
Puto (food)
Puto is a Filipino steamed rice cake, traditionally made from slightly fermented rice dough (galapong). It is eaten as is or as an accompaniment to a number of savoury dishes (most notably, dinuguan). Puto is also an umbrella term for various kinds of indigenous steamed cakes, including those made without rice. It is a sub-type of kakanin (rice cakes).

Glutinous rice
Glutinous rice (Oryza sativa var. glutinosa; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast Asia and the northeastern regions of South Asia, which has opaque grains and very low amylose content and is especially sticky when cooked. It is widely consumed across Asia.

It is called glutinous (Latin: glūtinōsus) in the sense of being glue-like or sticky, and not in the sense of containing gluten (which, like all rice, it does not). While often called sticky rice, it differs from non-glutinous strains of japonica rice, which also becomes sticky to some degree when cooked. There are numerous cultivars of glutinous rice, which include japonica, indica and tropical japonica strains.
Knight Watchman
Knight Watchman (AKA: Reid Randall) is a fictional superhero from the Big Bang Comics universe, residing on Earth A during the Silver Age of comics. He first appeared in Berzerker #1 (February 1993), and was created by writer/artist Chris Ecker.

In the fictional history of Big Bang Comics, his first appearance was in Deductive Comics.

Big Bang Comics
Big Bang Comics is an American comic book anthology series, designed to be an homage to Golden Age and Silver Age comics. Most stories in Big Bang Comics take place either on "Earth-A" during the 1960s, or on "Earth-B" during the 1940s, featuring characters such as Ultiman, Thunder Girl, and Dr. Weird.

Big Bang Comics first appeared in 1994, with a five-issue limited series (numbered #1–4 and #0), published by Caliber Comics. A second series lasting 35 issues, set in the Image Universe, was published by Image Comics from 1996 to 2001.
James Moffat (racing driver)
James Evan Moffat (born 18 June 1984) is an Australian professional racing driver who competed in the Virgin Australia Supercars Championship. In 2018, he drove for Wall Racing in the Porsche Carrera Cup Australia Championship. Moffat also races as a co-driver for Tickford Racing in the Pirtek Enduro Cup in a Ford Mustang GT, alongside Thomas Randle.

Allan Moffat
Allan George Moffat (10 November 1939 – 22 November 2025) was a Canadian and Australian racing driver known for his four championships in the Australian Touring Car Championship, six wins in the Sandown 500, his four wins in the Bathurst 500/1000 and his win in the 1975 12 Hours of Sebring. Moffat was inducted into the V8 Supercars Hall of Fame in 1999.

Moffat and his long-time friend and rival (and later co-driver) Peter Brock are the only drivers to have won The Great Race at Bathurst in both its 500-mile and 1000-kilometre formats.

In October 2018, he was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame.
Midtre Gauldal Municipality
Midtre Gauldal is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Gauldalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Støren. Other villages in the municipality include Singsås, Soknedal, Enodden, and Rognes.

The 1,860-square-kilometre (720 sq mi) municipality is the 44th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Midtre Gauldal Municipality is the 160th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 6,140. The municipality's population density is 3.3 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.5/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3.5% over the previous 10-year period.

Soknedal
Soknedal is a village in Midtre Gauldal Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located along the river Sokna which flows north and later joins the river Gaula. The Dovrebanen railway line and the European route E06 highway both run through the village, heading to the city of Trondheim which is about 60 kilometres (37 mi) to the north. The village of Støren lies about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) to the north and the village of Berkåk lies about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) to the south.

The 0.34-square-kilometre (84-acre) village has a population (2024) of 289 and a population density of 850 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,200/sq mi).

The village of Soknedal was the administrative centre of the old Soknedal Municipality which existed from 1841 until 1964. Soknedal Church is located in the village.
Hôtel de Beauvais
The Hôtel de Beauvais (French pronunciation: [otɛl d(ə) bovɛ]) is an hôtel particulier, a kind of large townhouse in France, at 68 rue François-Miron, 4th arrondissement, Paris, currently the seat of the Administrative Court of Appeal of Paris. Until 1865 rue François-Miron formed part of the historic rue Saint-Antoine and as such was part of the ceremonial route into Paris from the east. The hôtel was built by the royal architect Antoine Le Pautre for Catherine Beauvais starting in 1657. It is an example of eclectic French Baroque architecture. Since 1966 it has been a monument historique.

Hôtel particulier
Hôtel particulier (French: [otɛl paʁtikylje] ⓘ) is the French term for a grand urban mansion, comparable to a British townhouse. Whereas an ordinary maison (house) was built as part of a row, sharing party walls with the houses on either side and directly fronting on a street, an hôtel particulier was often free-standing and, by the 18th century, would always be located entre cour et jardin – between the cour d'honneur (an entrance court) and the garden behind. There are hôtels particuliers in many large cities in France.
Norfolk Artillery Militia
The Prince of Wales's Own Norfolk Artillery was a part-time auxiliary unit of Britain's Royal Artillery in the County of Norfolk from 1853 to 1909. Its role was to serve in home defence in time of war, but it also provided an active service company in the Second Boer War. Under the patronage of Edward, Prince of Wales, it became a socially exclusive regiment.

East Norfolk Militia
The East Norfolk Militia was an auxiliary military unit in the English county of Norfolk in East Anglia. First organised during the Seven Years' War it carried out internal security and home defence duties in all of Britain's major wars. It later became a battalion of the Norfolk Regiment, but was disbanded in 1908.
Kerry Joseph
Kerry Tremaine Joseph (born October 4, 1973) is an American football coach and former player. He is the special assistant to the head coach for the Texas Longhorns. He played college football for the McNeese Cowboys as a quarterback and was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as an undrafted free agent in 1996.

Joseph later played defensive back for the Seattle Seahawks from 1998 to 2001. Joseph then played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) as a quarterback from 2003 to 2014. He was named the CFL's Most Outstanding Player in 2007 while leading the Saskatchewan Roughriders to victory in the 95th Grey Cup. At the end of the season, he had completed 267 of 459 passes for 4,002 yards and 24 touchdowns. He also led all quarterbacks in the league in rushing with 737 yards on 90 attempts and 13 touchdowns.

McNeese Cowboys football
The McNeese Cowboys football program is the intercollegiate American football team for McNeese State University located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The team competes in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and are members of the Southland Conference. McNeese's first football team was fielded in 1940. The team plays its home games at the 17,410 seat Navarre Stadium in Lake Charles, Louisiana.
Coat of arms of Panama
The Panamanian coat of arms is a heraldic symbol for Panama. These arms were adopted provisionally and then definitively by the same laws that adopted the Panamanian flag.

The harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja), the Panamanian national bird, is the species of eagle on this coat of arms.

Harpy eagle
The harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja) is a large neotropical species of eagle. It is also called the American harpy eagle to distinguish it from the Papuan eagle, which is sometimes known as the New Guinea harpy eagle or Papuan harpy eagle. It is the largest bird of prey throughout its range, and among the largest extant species of eagles in the world. It usually inhabits tropical lowland rainforests in the upper (emergent) canopy layer. Destruction of its natural habitat has caused it to vanish from many parts of its former range, and it is nearly extirpated from much of Central America. It is the only member of the genus Harpia, which, together with Harpyopsis, Macheiramphus and Morphnus, forms the subfamily Harpiinae.
Indian rupee
The Indian rupee (symbol: ₹; code: INR) is the official currency of India. The rupee is subdivided into 100 paise (singular: paisa). The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India. The Reserve Bank derives this role from powers vested in it by the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. It is the world's eleventh-most-traded currency as of April 2025.

Paisa
Paisa (also transliterated as pice, pesa, poysha, poisha and baisa) is a monetary unit in several countries. The word is also a generalised idiom for money and wealth. In India, Nepal, and Pakistan, the paisa currently equals 1⁄100 of a rupee. In Bangladesh, the paisa equals 1⁄100 of a Bangladeshi taka. In Oman, the baisa equals 1⁄1000 of an Omani rial.
The Book of Thel
The Book of Thel is a poem by William Blake, dated 1789 and probably composed in the period 1788 to 1790. It is illustrated by his own plates, and compared to his later prophetic books is relatively short and easier to understand. The metre is a fourteen-syllable line. It was preceded by Tiriel, which Blake left in manuscript. A few lines from Tiriel were incorporated into The Book of Thel. Most of the poem is in unrhymed verse.

This book consists of eight plates executed in illuminated printing. Sixteen copies of the original print of 1789–1793 are known. Three copies bearing a watermark of 1815 are more elaborately colored than the others.

William Blake's prophetic books
The prophetic books of the 18th-century English poet and artist William Blake are a series of lengthy, interrelated poetic works drawing upon Blake's own personal mythology. They have been described by 20th-century critic Northrop Frye as forming "what is in proportion to its merits the least read body of poetry in the English language". While Blake worked as a commercial illustrator, these books were ones that he produced, with his own engravings, as an extended and largely private project.
Orenburg corridor
The Orenburg corridor or Kuvandyk corridor (Bashkir: Ҡыуандыҡ коридоры; Kazakh: Қуандық дәлізі; Russian: Кувандыкский коридор; Tatar: Куандык коридоры) is a term used to refer to the Kuvandyk district of the Orenburg oblast, which lie between the Republic of Bashkortostan and Kazakhstan. Sometimes the Gaysky district is added to this.

Gaysky District
Gaysky District (Russian: Га́йский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-five in Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,900 square kilometers (1,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Gay which is not administratively a part of the district. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 10,331.
Nils Lofgren (album)
Nils Lofgren, also known as the "Fat Man Album", is a 1975 album by the American musician Nils Lofgren. It was his first solo album, following the breakup of his group, Grin.

The album was critically praised at the time of its release, most notably in a 1975 Rolling Stone review by Jon Landau. The 1983 Rolling Stone Record Guide said it was a "tour de force of unquenchable vitality and disarming subtlety."  In 2007, nearly 32 years after the release of Nils Lofgren, the album was again praised by Rolling Stone in the "Fricke's Picks" column, where David Fricke said it was one of 1975's best albums. The album was on the Billboard 200 chart for nine weeks and peaked at number 141 on May 10, 1975.

In 2007, the album was re-mastered and rereleased by Hip-O Select.

The circus billboard that appears on the cover of this album also appears in an episode of The Monkees, "The Monkees at the Circus", season 1, episode 22.

Nils Lofgren
Nils Hilmer Lofgren (born June 21, 1951) is an American rock musician, recording artist, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. Along with his work as a solo artist, he has been a member of Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band since 1984, a member of Crazy Horse, and the founder and frontman of the band Grin. In 2014, Lofgren was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the E Street Band.
Ray Hyman
Ray Hyman (born June 23, 1928) is a professor emeritus of psychology at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon, and a noted critic of parapsychology. Hyman, along with James Randi, Martin Gardner and Paul Kurtz, is one of the founders of the modern skeptical movement. He is the founder and leader of the Skeptic's Toolbox.  Hyman serves on the Executive Council for the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry.

Jerry Andrus
Jerry Andrus (January 28, 1918 – August 26, 2007) was an American magician and writer known internationally for his original close-up, sleight of hand tricks, such as the famous "Linking Pins", and optical illusions.
Mifleget Poale Zion VeHaHugim HaMarksistim beEretz Yisrael
Mifleget Poale Zion VeHaHugim HaMarksistim beEretz Yisrael (lit. The Party of the Workers of Zion and the Marxist Circles of the Land of Israel) was the youth group of a faction of Poale Zion, the labour Zionist movement, in Mandate Palestine in the 1930s, which later merged into the Revolutionary Communist League. Tony Cliff, later the leader of the International Socialists, was a youthful member. It was linked to the Independent Labour Party in Britain, and affiliated to the London Bureau of socialist parties.

Poale Zion
Poale Zion (Yiddish: פועלי ציון, also romanized Poalei Tziyon or Poaley Syjon, meaning "Workers of Zion") was a movement of Marxist–Zionist Jewish workers founded in various cities of Poland, Europe and the Russian Empire at about the turn of the 20th century after the Bund rejected Zionism in 1901.
Liglig
Liglig, better known as "ligligkot" is a hill top located in Palungtar Municipality  of Gorkha, Nepal.
It is located at the height of 1437 meters (4790 feet) mean sea level. Gorkha District has a long and intriguing history. It's where a Royal Shah Dynasty got its start and the famous Gurkha soldiers got their name.  Located 80 kilometers (50 mi) due west of Kathmandu (140 kilometers by road). It is the place where the former monarchy of Nepal was established.

Drabya Shah, then brother of King Narahari Shah of neighboring Lamjung District established the small kingdom at around 1616 BS /(1559 AD). Still the remaining stones of the ancient palace could be seen in the hill top at Ligligkot.

Shah dynasty
The Shah dynasty (Nepali: शाह वंश), also known as the Shahs of Gorkha or the Royal House of Gorkha, was the ruling Chaubise Thakuri dynasty and the founder of the Gorkha Kingdom from 1559 to 1768 and later the unified Kingdom of Nepal from 1768 to 28 May 2008.

The Shah dynasty traces its historical ancestor to King of Kaski, Kulamandan Shah Khand, whose grandson Dravya Shah captured the throne of Ligligkot from Magars King (Dalsur Ghale Magar) with the help of accomplices from six resident clans of Majhkot and Ligligkot. Dravya Shah named his new kingdom Gorkha.
Khwaja Abdul Hamied
Khwaja Abdul Hamied FCS, FRIC (31 October 1898 – 23 June 1972) was an Indian industrial and pharmaceutical chemist who founded Cipla, India's oldest pharmaceutical company in 1935. His son, Yusuf Hamied headed the company after him for the next 52 years.

Khwaja Abdul Hamied was active in the Indian independence movement and a champion of composite nationalism.

Yusuf Hamied
Yusuf Khwaja Hamied (born 25 July 1936) is an Indian scientist, billionaire businessman and the chairman of Cipla, a generic pharmaceuticals company founded by his father Khwaja Abdul Hamied in 1935. He is also an elected fellow of the Indian National Science Academy.
Francoeur Studios
The Francoeur Studios are film production studios in Paris. In 1926 Bernard Natan's Rapid Films set up production at the location, before in 1929 it was merged with the Pathé conglomerate under Natan's overall control. In the postwar era it was part of the Franstudio complex along with the Joinville and Saint-Maurice Studios. In the 1970s it was used for shooting television. Since 1999 it has been the headquarters of La Fémis.

Joinville Studios
The Joinville Studios were a film studio in Paris which operated between 1910 and 1987. They were one of the leading French studios, with major companies such as Pathé and Gaumont making films there.

A second studio was added to the original in 1923. This was located less than a kilometre away, and together the two served as a major filmmaking hub. After the Second World War the studio was merged into the Franstudio network in 1947 along with other major Paris studios including the Saint-Maurice Studios and Francoeur Studios.

In the early 1930s, the American company Paramount Pictures took over the studios and made French-language versions of their hit films. In total, films were made in fourteen different languages as Joinville became a hub of such multi-language versions. While many were remakes of English-language hits, some were original stories. This practice declined as dubbing became more commonplace.
Fourth normal form
Fourth normal form (4NF) is a normal form used in database normalization. Introduced by Ronald Fagin in 1977, 4NF is the next level of normalization after Boyce–Codd normal form (BCNF). Whereas the second, third, and Boyce–Codd normal forms are concerned with functional dependencies, 4NF is concerned with a more general type of dependency known as a multivalued dependency. A table is in 4NF if and only if, for every one of its non-trivial multivalued dependencies X  Y, X is a superkey—that is, X is either a candidate key or a superset thereof.

Multivalued dependency
In database theory, a multivalued dependency is a full constraint between two sets of attributes in a relation.

In contrast to the functional dependency, the multivalued dependency requires that certain tuples be present in a relation. Therefore, a multivalued dependency is a special case of tuple-generating dependency. The multivalued dependency plays a role in the 4NF database normalization.

A multivalued dependency is a special case of a join dependency, with only two sets of values involved, i.e. it is a binary join dependency.

A multivalued dependency exists when there are at least three attributes (like X,Y and Z) in a relation and for a value of X there is a well defined set of values of Y and a well defined set of values of Z. However, the set of values of Y is independent of set Z and vice versa.
John L. Murray (judge)
John Loyola Murray (27 June 1943 – 18 January 2023) was an Irish judge who served as Chief Justice of Ireland from 2004 to 2011, a judge of the Supreme Court from 1999 to 2015, a judge of the European Court of Justice from 1992 to 1999 and as Attorney General of Ireland from August 1982 to December 1982 and 1987 to 1991.

Chief Justice of Ireland
The chief justice of Ireland (Irish: Príomh-Bhreitheamh na hÉireann) is the president of the Supreme Court of Ireland. The chief justice is the highest judicial office and the most senior judge in the Republic of Ireland. The role includes several constitutional and administrative duties, in addition to taking part in ordinary judicial proceedings.

The current chief justice is Donal O'Donnell.