hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS
56°28′35″N 85°02′38″E﻿ / ﻿56.4765°N 85.044°E﻿ / 56.4765; 85.044

Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences—one of the institutes of the Tomsk Research Center of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is located in Tomsk Academic City. The Institute consists of 5 buildings with a total area of 18,487 square meters. The Institute has 15 research laboratories, the center of collective use "Nanotech", the international centre for research on physical mesomechanics, materials, the Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Center "Welding", the Testing Laboratory "Metal-Test", and 2 scientific and technological departments.

Akademgorodok (Tomsk)
56°28′27″N 85°02′59″E﻿ / ﻿56.474178°N 85.049801°E﻿ / 56.474178; 85.049801

Tomsk Akademgorodok is an educational and scientific estate in the Soviet area of Tomsk, Siberian Federal District, in which are research institutes, and have employees of the Tomsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS). Tomsk Akademgorodok is located in the eastern part of the Tomsk and on all sides surrounded by forests. Tomsk Akademgorodok is located on the high right bank of the river Ushaika. Its total area is 200 hectares. Construction of Tomsk Akademgorodok began in 1972. The Grand opening of the first scientific institute in Tomsk, Akademgorodok-the Institute of Atmospheric Optics, was held on January 25, 1975 .
Monroe and Isabel Smith
Monroe William Smith and his wife Isabel Bacheler Smith founded American Youth Hostels in 1934. Monroe was a former Boy Scout executive and Isabel an art teacher when the young couple founded the hostels in Northfield, Massachusetts. Monroe also founded Youth Argosy, an organization intended to "provide travel opportunities for worthy young people of slender means" and resigned his directorship of American Youth Hostels in 1949.  After a promising start, Youth Argosy went bankrupt in 1951, largely due to a new Civil Aeronautics Board regulation aimed at small charter groups.

Hostelling International USA
Hostelling International USA (HI USA), also known as American Youth Hostels, Inc. (AYH), is a nonprofit organization that operates youth hostels and runs programs around those hostels. It is the official United States affiliate of Hostelling International (HI), also known as the International Youth Hostel Federation. It is incorporated as a not-for-profit organization, with its headquarters in Silver Spring, Maryland.
Surangel Whipps Jr.
Surangel Samuel Whipps Jr. (born 9 August 1968) is a Palauan businessman and politician who has served as the president of Palau since 2021. He served as senator from 2008 to 2016. He is from the state of Ngatpang. Whipps assumed office as the President of Palau on 21 January 2021, after winning the 2020 Palauan presidential election. He won reelection in 2024.

2024 Palauan general election
General elections were held in Palau on 5 November 2024 to elect a President and the National Congress. Incumbent President Surangel Whipps Jr. faced former president Tommy Remengesau Jr. in the election, and was reelected. This was the first presidential election where Remengesau lost.
Dezak, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
Dezak (Persian: دزک) is a village in Kiar-e Sharqi Rural District of Kiar-e Sharqi District in Kiar County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as capital of both the district and the rural district.

Kiar-e Sharqi District
Kiar-e Sharqi District (Persian: بخش کیار شرقی) is in Kiar County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Dezak, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 2,942 people in 881 households.
Herzi Halevi
Herzl "Herzi" Halevi (Hebrew: הרצל "הרצי" הלוי; born 17 December 1967) is a retired Israeli general who served as the Chief of the General Staff of the Israel Defense Forces from 16 January 2023 to 5 March 2025.

He previously served as the commander of the Israeli Southern Command, the chief of the Military Intelligence Directorate, the commander of the 91st (Territorial) Division, the commander of the 35th Paratroopers Brigade, and the commander of the Sayeret Matkal. Halevi was the first practicing Orthodox Jew to serve as the head of Israeli military intelligence.

Military Intelligence Directorate (Israel)
The Israeli Military Intelligence (Hebrew: אגף המודיעין, romanized: Agaf ha-Modi'in, lit. 'the Intelligence Section'), often abbreviated to Aman (Hebrew: אמ״ן), is the central, overarching military intelligence body of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). Aman was created in 1950, when the Intelligence Department was spun off from the IDF's General Staff. The Intelligence Department was composed largely of former members of the Haganah Intelligence Service. Aman is an independent service, and not part of the ground forces, Navy or the Air Force.

It is one of the main entities and the largest component of the Israeli Intelligence Community, along with Mossad and Shin Bet. It includes the cyber warfare branch Unit 8200, the human intelligence Unit 504, the secret technology Unit 81, and the training course Havatzalot Program. Its special operations are conducted by the General Staff Reconnaissance Unit (Sayeret Matkal).
Battle of Ujście
The Battle of Ujście was fought on July 24–25, 1655 between forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth commanded by Krzysztof Opaliński and Andrzej Grudziński on one side, and on the other Swedish forces commanded by Arvid Wittenberg. Krzysztof Opaliński and Bogusław Leszczyński, dissatisfied with policies of King John II Casimir of Poland, decided to become Swedish allies together with the pospolite ruszenie (Levée en masse) of Greater Poland to Charles X Gustav of Sweden.

Krzysztof Opaliński
Krzysztof Opaliński (21 January 1611 – 6 December 1655) was a Polish szlachta (nobleman), politician, writer, satirist, and Voivode (Governor) of Poznań. A notable figure during the Swedish Deluge, Opaliński was a skilled diplomat who opposed King John II Casimir and published many of his works concerning the daily political or social matters in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The Three-Cornered Hat (film)
The Three-Cornered Hat (Italian: Il cappello a tre punte, also spelled as Three Cornered Hat) is a 1935 Italian comedy film  directed  by Mario Camerini and starring Eduardo and Peppino De Filippo. It is a Naples-set adaptation of the Pedro Antonio de Alarcón's  novella with the same name.

The film was shot at the Cines Studios in Rome.

Eduardo De Filippo
Eduardo De Filippo OMRI (Italian: [eduˈardo de fiˈlippo]; 26 May 1900 – 31 October 1984), also known mononymously as Eduardo, was an Italian actor, director, screenwriter, and playwright, best known for his Neapolitan works Filumena Marturano and Napoli milionaria. Considered one of the most important Italian artists of the 20th century, De Filippo was the author of many theatrical dramas staged and directed by himself first and later awarded and played outside Italy. For his artistic merits and contributions to Italian culture, he was named senator for life by the President of the Italian Republic Sandro Pertini.
Andaleeb (film)
Andaleeb is a 1969 Pakistani Urdu colour film starring Waheed Murad, Shabnam, Aliya, and Mustafa Qureshi, and Talish. It was a golden jubilee hit directed by Farid Ahmed, produced by Rashid Mukhtar, and music composed by Nisar Bazmi. Andaleeb received 4 Nigar Awards in different categories.

Mustafa Qureshi
Mustafa Qureshi (born 11 May 1938) is a Pakistani film and television actor.

He has acted in more than 600 movies, in Urdu, Punjabi and Sindhi languages.

He is best remembered for playing the antagonist Noori Natt in Maula Jatt (1979).

He was born into a Sindhi family despite his later work mainly in Punjabi cinema.

Qureshi won Nigar Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Lal Aandhi (1979). He then won his first Nigar Award for Best Actor for 1981 film Sher Khan. He won his third Nigar Award and second in best actor category for his role in Rustam Te Khan (1983).

He was awarded Pride of Performance in 1988.

He has voiced Germander in the Commander Safeguard animated series.
Kashmiri Pandits
The Kashmiri Pandits (also known as Kashmiri Brahmins) are a group of Kashmiri Hindus and a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India. They belong to the Pancha Gauda Brahmin group from the Kashmir Valley, located within the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Kashmiri Pandits are Hindu Kashmiris native to the Kashmir Valley, and the only remaining Hindu Kashmiris after the large-scale conversion of the Valley's population to Islam during medieval times. Prompted by the growth of Islamic militancy in the valley, large numbers left in the exodus of the 1990s. Even so, small numbers remain.

Kashmiri Hindus
Kashmiri Hindus are ethnic Kashmiris who practice Hinduism and are native to the Kashmir Valley of India. With respect to their contributions to Indian philosophy, Kashmiri Hindus developed the tradition of Kashmiri Shaivism. After their exodus from the Kashmir Valley in the wake of the Kashmir insurgency in the 1990s, most Kashmiri Hindus are now settled in the Jammu division of Jammu and Kashmir and other parts of the country. The largest group of Kashmiri Hindus are the Kashmiri Pandits.
Glitch, Inc.
Glitch, Inc. (previously known as Fog Creek Software, Inc.) was a software company specializing in project management tools. Its products included project management and content management, and code review tools. Fastly acquired the company in 2022, however, the company announced it was shutting down in July 2025.

Fastly
Fastly, Inc. is an American company based in San Francisco, which describes itself as a cloud computing company. Fastly provides content delivery network services, image optimization, and load balancing services. Fastly's cloud security services include denial-of-service attack protection, bot mitigation, and a web application firewall.
Satish Kumar Yadav
Satish Kumar Yadav (born 9 February 1966), also known as Satish Rai, is an Indian politician and farmer from Bihar. He represented the Raghopur constituency in the Bihar Legislative Assembly from 2010 to 2015. As of 2025, he is affiliated with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He is also known among locals for his social work, particularly for helping poor and needy people in the region.

Raghopur Assembly constituency
Raghopur is an assembly constituency in Vaishali district in the Indian state of Bihar. It consists of Raghopur and Bidupur.

Lalu Prasad Yadav won this seat twice, his wife Rabri Devi won it three times, and they both served as Chief Minister while representing this seat. Their son Tejashwi Yadav has also won it twice (2015, 2020, 2025) and been Deputy CM and Leader of Opposition while holding it. Rabri Devi has also lost from this seat once, in 2010 from Satish Kumar (JDU). Currently Satish Kumar is a member of Bharatiya Janta Party.
Hilum overlay sign
The hilum overlay sign is an imaging appearance on chest radiographs in which the outline of the hilum can be seen at the level of a mass or collection in the mid chest. It implies that the mass is not in the middle mediastinum, and  is either from anterior or posterior mediastinum(most of the masses arise from the anterior mediastinum).

Chest radiograph
A chest radiograph, chest X-ray (CXR), or  chest film is a projection radiograph of the chest used to diagnose conditions affecting the chest, its contents, and nearby structures. Chest radiographs are the most common film taken in medicine.

Like all methods of radiography, chest radiography employs ionizing radiation in the form of X-rays to generate images of the chest. The mean radiation dose to an adult from a chest radiograph is around 0.02 mSv (2 mrem) for a front view (PA, or posteroanterior) and 0.08 mSv (8 mrem) for a side view (LL, or latero-lateral). Together, this corresponds to a background radiation equivalent time of about 10 days.
Alfred Keogh
Lieutenant-General Sir Alfred Henry Keogh, GCB, GCVO, CH, FRCP (3 July 1857 – 30 July 1936) was an Irish medical doctor in the British Army. He served as Director-General Army Medical Services twice; from 1905 to 1910 and 1914 to 1918.

Army Medical Services
The Army Medical Services (AMS) is the organisation responsible for administering the corps that deliver medical, veterinary, dental and nursing services in the British Army. It is headquartered at the former Staff College, Camberley, near the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.

On 15 November 2024, with the exception of the Royal Army Veterinary Corps, the constituent corps of the AMS amalgamated to form a new Corps, the Royal Army Medical Service. The AMS long predates any of the four constituent Corps, with the term dating back at least to the Napoleonic Wars, and the new Corps will take the precedence formerly held by the RAMC in the British Army’s order of battle.
Ray Elder
Raymond Marvin Elder (August 19, 1942 – November 24, 2011) was an American professional stock car racing driver. He competed in the NASCAR Cup Series and NASCAR Winston West Series.

Elder participated primarily in west coast races at Riverside International Raceway and Ontario Motor Speedway from 1967 to 1978. He won races at Riverside in 1971 and 1972 driving for Fred Elder.  Elder won 47 races in the NASCAR Winston West Series, which is the second most all time. He won six NASCAR Western series championships: 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1974, and 1975.

Winning the 1971 Motor Trend 500 race would essentially make Elder the first winner in NASCAR's "modern" history.

Elder graduated from Caruthers High School, earning Central California All-Star honors in football. His family owned a 240-acre farm about 15 miles southwest of Fresno, and he was joined on his pit crew by his brother and father.

1971 Motor Trend 500
The 1971 Motor Trend 500 was the first race in NASCAR's Winston Cup era (also known as the Winston Cup Grand National Series) that took place on January 10, 1971. 191 laps on a road course at Riverside International Raceway in Riverside, California that spanned a total distance of 2.620 miles (4.216 km).

Attendance was estimated at 23,000. It took four hours, fifty-seven minutes, and fifty-five seconds.

Due to a then-struggling economy, both Ford and Chevrolet cut back on factory support for the 1971 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season. NASCAR would also limit engines in the aerodynamic superspeedway cars to 305 cubic inches starting in this race.
George Fisher (musician)
George Fisher (born July 8, 1970), better known by his stage name Corpsegrinder, is an American death metal vocalist who is the lead singer of Cannibal Corpse, Paths of Possession and the supergroup Serpentine Dominion.

Prior to Cannibal Corpse, he served as lead vocalist in the Florida death metal band Monstrosity, with which he released two albums - Imperial Doom and Millenium in 1992 and 1996, respectively. Fisher joined Cannibal Corpse midway through the recording sessions of their fifth studio album Vile, which became his first album with the band. He performed on eleven studio releases by the band since then.

Fisher is known for the size of his neck, which he has explained is due to a combination of headbanging and weightlifting when he was younger. His neck size is an internet meme. He runs a line of T-shirts that bear the slogan "Respect the Neck".

Millennium (Monstrosity album)
Millennium is the second studio album by Florida death metal band Monstrosity, released in 1996 and produced by Scott Burns. Millennium is the band's final album to include George "Corpsegrinder" Fisher on lead vocals, as he went on to join fellow death metal band Cannibal Corpse.

The album was released on Conquest Music, Inc worldwide and licensed to Nuclear Blast for a European release.  It was later licensed by Hammerheart Records (Netherlands) and re-released in the early 2000s for Europe.

The album is considered by many to be a landmark in technical death metal.
Florida State Road 48
State Road 48 (SR 48) was an east–west state highway that ran from U.S. Highway 41 in Floral City, Florida, to  Florida State Road 19 in Howey-in-the-Hills, Florida. In the last years of the route's existence, it was a 2.167 miles (3.487 km) state road in Bushnell, Florida, which ran from Interstate 75 (I-75) at exit 314 to U.S. Highway 301 (US 301). Today, all segments are designated County Road 48 (CR 48), where they are under county maintenance. Segments in Sumter County are part of the Scenic Sumter Heritage Byway.

Florida State Road 19
State Road 19 (SR 19) is a Florida State Road in Putnam, Marion, and Lake counties. It runs from Groveland to Palatka through Ocala National Forest. Along with SR 33, SR 19 provides a mostly rural north-south corridor through central Florida from Lakeland to Palatka.
Monte Carlo Rally
The Monte Carlo Rally or Rallye Monte-Carlo (officially Rallye Automobile Monte-Carlo) is a rallying event organized each year by the Automobile Club de Monaco.

From its inception in 1911 by Prince Albert I, the rally was intended to demonstrate improvements and innovations in automobiles, and promote Monaco as a tourist resort on the Mediterranean shore. Before the format changed in 1997, the event was a “concentration rally” in which competitors would set off from various starting points around Europe and drive to Monaco, where the rally would continue to a set of special stages.

The rally now takes place along the hills of the French Riviera and southeast France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur and the southern parts of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes). In 2026, for the first time since the 2008 Monte Carlo Rally, the event returned to within the borders of Monaco for a Super Special Stage.

Automobile Club de Monaco
The Automobile Club de Monaco (ACM) is a motoring club based in Monaco. The club serves as the governing body for motorsport within Monaco, and it organises the prestigious Monaco Grand Prix and Monte Carlo Rally. The ACM is a member of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) , representing Monaco as a mobility and sporting club.
PAWS London Capital
London Capital, officially called PAWS London Capital in reference to their partnership with PAWS Foundation, were a basketball team based in London, England. The team competed in the British Basketball League for a three-year period in 2007-2010, but were demoted to the second-tier EBL Division 1 following a review of the team's progress both on and off the court.  The team were subsequently relegated to Division 2 at the end of the 2011/2012 season, and were withdrawn from the league in October 2013 for "failing to fulfil National League obligations".

London United (basketball)
London United is basketball team from London, England, currently competing in English Basketball League Division 2. In 2006 they were elected into the professional British Basketball League to replace the London Towers as the sole representatives for the capital city. However, after achieving a Play-off place in their first season, the franchise fell into a financial crisis and withdrew but continued to field a team in the lower leagues of the English Basketball League.
Wide World of Sports (American TV program)
ABC's Wide World of Sports is an American sports anthology television program that aired on ABC from April 29, 1961 to June 21, 1997, primarily on Saturday afternoons. Hosted by Jim McKay, with a succession of co-hosts beginning in 1987, the title continued to be used for general sports programs on the network until 2006. In 2007, Wide World of Sports was named by Time on its list of the 100 best television programs of all time.

Weekend sports news updates on sister radio network ABC Sports Radio, operated by Cumulus Media Networks, continue to be branded under the similar title ABC's World of Sports. The program also lent its name to an athletic facility at Walt Disney World, the ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex, which was originally known as Disney's Wide World of Sports Complex from its opening in 1997 (one year after The Walt Disney Company acquired ABC and an 80% stake in ESPN) until 2010.

Jim McKay
James Kenneth McManus (September 24, 1921 – June 7, 2008), better known professionally as Jim McKay, was an American television sports journalist.

McKay was best known for hosting ABC's Wide World of Sports (1961–1998). His introduction for that program has passed into American pop culture, in which viewers were reminded of the show's mission ("Spanning the globe to bring you the constant variety of sports") and what lay ahead ("the thrill of victory and the agony of defeat"). He is also known for television coverage of 12 Olympic Games, and is universally respected for his memorable reporting on the Munich massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics.

McKay covered a wide variety of special events, including the Olympic Games, horse races such as the Kentucky Derby, golf events such as the British Open, and the Indianapolis 500. McKay's son, Sean McManus, a protégé of Roone Arledge is the former chairman of CBS Sports.
Kharta
Kharta (Chinese: 卡达) is a region in Tibet lying to the east of Mount Everest and centred on the Kharta valley and Kama valley. The 40-kilometre (25 mi) Kharta valley starts at the col at Lhakpa La at the head of the Kharta Glacier from which the Kharta Chu (Chinese: 卡达曲) river flows east to join the Phung Chu just beyond Khata village.

Nearby to the south, the Kama valley starts at the Kangshung Glacier at the foot of Everest's Kangshung Face, and the Kama Chu flows southeast to the Phung Chu. The 1921 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition saw Kharta when reconnoitring ways to climb Mount Everest and managed to reach the North Col via the Lhakpa La. Since that time Kharta has not been used as a way to approach the summit of Everest but the two valleys have become a popular area for trekking.

Kangshung Glacier
The Kangshung Glacier (Chinese: 卓穷冰川) is one of the three main glaciers of Mount Everest, and is in the Tibet region Himalayas, within the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The other two are the Khumbu Glacier and Rongbuk Glacier.
Pecherskyi District
Pecherskyi District (Ukrainian: Печерський район, romanized: Pechersjkyj rajon) is an urban district of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. It lies within the eponymous historical neighborhood, while also including some other historical areas. The Pechersk (Ukrainian: Печерськ, romanized: Pečerśk) neighborhood is located on the hills adjoining the right bank of the Dnieper. These two geographical entities are often confused with each other.

Pechersk, Kyiv
Pechersk (Ukrainian: Печерськ) is a historical neighborhood in the city center of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. It is a part of the administrative Pechersk Raion (district). Pechersk is located between the Lypky, Klov and Dnieper hills. Its main streets are Ivan Mazepa Street, Dmytro Hodzenko Street, and Lesya Ukrainka Boulevard.
Matarta
In Mandaean cosmology, a maṭarta (Classical Mandaic: ࡌࡀࡈࡀࡓࡕࡀ; plural form: maṭarata ࡌࡀࡈࡀࡓࡀࡕࡀ) is a "station" or "toll house" that is located between the World of Light (alma ḏ-nhūra) from Tibil (Earth). It has variously been translated as "watch-station", "toll-station", "way-station", or "purgatory". Maṭartas are guarded by various uthras (celestial beings from the World of Light) and demons. Ruha, the queen of the underworld, is the ruler or guardian of one of the maṭartas.

To reach the World of Light (alma ḏ-nhūra) from Tibil (Earth), souls must pass through the various maṭartas that are situated in between. Rituals such as the masiqta can help guide souls past the various maṭarta so that they could reach the World of Light.

Masiqta
The masiqta (Classical Mandaic: ࡌࡀࡎࡉࡒࡕࡀ, lit. 'ascent') is a mass or ritual practiced in the Mandaean religion in order to help guide the soul (nišimta) towards the World of Light in Mandaean cosmology. They are typically performed as funerary rites for Mandaeans who have just died. Although usually translated as "death mass", a few types of masiqta are also performed for living people, such as when priests are ordained. Masiqtas are also used to consecrate houses of worship (bit manda).