hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pupilla
Pupilla is a genus of minute air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Pupillinae of the family Pupillidae.

Shells of Pupilla species are known from terrestrial Cenozoic strata dating back to the Oligocene until the Holocene period.

Pupillidae
Pupillidae is a family of mostly minute, air-breathing, land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea.

This family has two subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).: Pupillinae W. Turton, 1831 and Pupoidinae Iredale, 1940.
Dixon elliptic functions
In mathematics, the Dixon elliptic functions sm and cm are two elliptic functions (doubly periodic meromorphic functions on the complex plane) that map from each regular hexagon in a hexagonal tiling to the whole complex plane. Because these functions satisfy the identity , as real functions they parametrize the cubic Fermat curve , just as the trigonometric functions sine and cosine parametrize the unit circle .

They were named sm and cm by Alfred Dixon in 1890, by analogy to the trigonometric functions sine and cosine and the Jacobi elliptic functions sn and cn; Göran Dillner described them earlier in 1873.

Jacobi elliptic functions
In mathematics, the Jacobi elliptic functions are a set of basic elliptic functions.  They are found in the description of the motion of a pendulum, as well as in the design of electronic elliptic filters. While trigonometric functions are defined with reference to a circle, the Jacobi elliptic functions are a generalization which refer to other conic sections, the ellipse in particular. The relation to trigonometric functions is contained in the notation, for example, by the matching notation  for . The Jacobi elliptic functions are used more often in practical problems than the Weierstrass elliptic functions as they do not require notions of complex analysis to be defined and/or understood. They were introduced by Carl Gustav Jakob Jacobi (1829). Carl Friedrich Gauss had already studied special Jacobi elliptic functions in 1797, the lemniscate elliptic functions in particular, but his work was published much later.
Mayo Senior Football Championship
The Mayo Senior Football Championship, known for sponsorship reasons as the Connacht Gold Mayo Senior Football Championship, is an annual Gaelic football competition contested by the top Mayo GAA clubs.

As of 2025, Ballina Stephenites GAA are the title holders, having defeating Westport in the final.

Ballina Stephenites GAA
Ballina Stephenites is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the Ballina area in County Mayo, Ireland. They are the most successful club in Mayo and fourth most successful in Ireland based on trophy amount.
Odense Håndbold
Odense Håndbold (in its first season: Odense GOG and after that Handball Club Odense) is a Danish professional women's handball team, that plays in Damehåndboldligaen, Denmark's premier women's handball league.

The team's home court is Sydbank Arena in the city of Odense and they play in orange shirts and black shorts.

Kvindeligaen (handball)
The Kvindeligaen (English: women's league) is the top professional league for Danish women's handball clubs. It is administered by the Danish Handball Federation, and the winners are recognized as Danish champions. The league was previously called Bambusa Kvindeligaen for sponsorship reasons. It has previously been known as HTH GO Ligaen, Primo Tours Ligaen, Boxer Dameligaen, TOMS Ligaen and GuldBageren Ligaen. The current title holder is Odense Håndbold (2025). The European Handball Federation (EHF) ranks the Danish league 4th in the coefficients of leagues based on performances in European competitions over the past seasons.
Shin'ichirō Tomonaga
Shinichiro Tomonaga (朝永 振一郎, Tomonaga Shin'ichirō; March 31, 1906 – July 8, 1979), usually cited as Sin-Itiro Tomonaga in English, was a Japanese physicist. He shared the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physics with Richard Feynman and Julian Schwinger "for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics (QED), with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles".

Julian Schwinger
Julian Seymour Schwinger (/ˈʃwɪŋər/; February 12, 1918 – July 16, 1994) was an American theoretical physicist. He shared the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physics with Richard Feynman and Shin'ichirō Tomonaga "for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics (QED), with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles". He developed a relativistically invariant perturbation theory, and renormalized QED to one loop order. Schwinger was a physics professor at several universities.

Schwinger is recognized as an important physicist, responsible for much of modern quantum field theory, including a variational approach, and the equations of motion for quantum fields. He developed the first electroweak model, and the first example of confinement in 1+1 dimensions. He is responsible for the theory of multiple neutrinos, Schwinger terms, and the theory of the spin-3/2 field. He shared the inaugural Albert Einstein Award with Kurt Gödel.
Castilian Civil War of 1437–1445
The Castilian Civil War of 1437–1445 was a civil war in which two noble factions fought for power in the Crown of Castile. On one side was Constable Álvaro de Luna, King John II of Castile, and Henry Prince of Asturias. On the other side was the noble League led by Infantes of Aragon John and Henry, sons of Ferdinand of Antequera, who was the regent of Castile during the minority of John II. Although the Infantes of Aragon faction won in 1441, imposing their conditions in the Medina del Campo ruling, the final victory went to the royalist faction and the Constable, who won the decisive battle of Olmedo. According to historian Carme Batlle, Álvaro de Luna is primarily responsible for the war. Following his victory over the Infantes of Aragon during the truces of Majano, Luna's "authoritarian excesses" escalated and led to a civil war. Although Batlle places the war's start in 1439.

Henry IV of Castile
Henry IV of Castile (Castilian: Enrique IV; 5 January 1425 – 11 December 1474), nicknamed the Impotent, was King of Castile and León and the last of the weak late-medieval kings of Castile and León. During Henry's reign, the nobles became more powerful and the nation became less centralised.
Melizza Jimenez
Melizza Jaune Rivera Tanpoco (born August 3, 2000), better known as Melizza Jimenez, is a Filipino actress, singer, songwriter, content creator, and business owner. She is mostly known for playing Elle in the first season of He's Into Her, Michelle in Gen Z, and Macky in Barcelona: A Love Untold.

He's Into Her
He's Into Her is a Philippine teen romantic comedy television series based on the 2012 novel of the same name by Maxinejiji (Maxine Lat Calibuso), starring Donny Pangilinan and Belle Mariano. The series released on iWantTFC from May 28, 2021 to August 3, 2022. The first season premiered on television via Kapamilya Channel and A2Z from May 30 to August 1, 2021 via Yes Weekend! Sunday evening block. The second and final season premiered from April 24 to August 14, 2022.
William A. Clark House
The William A. Clark House, nicknamed "Clark's Folly", was a mansion located at 962 Fifth Avenue on the northeast corner of its intersection with East 77th Street on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, New York City. It was demolished in 1927 and replaced with a luxury apartment building (960 Fifth Avenue).

960 Fifth Avenue
960 Fifth Avenue, also known as 3 East 77th Street, is a luxury apartment building at the northeast corner of Fifth Avenue and East 77th Street in Manhattan, New York. Designed by Warren & Wetmore and Rosario Candela, the 15-story structure was completed in 1928.
Ziarat District
Ziarat (Urdu: ضلع زیارت) is a district in the north of Balochistan province of Pakistan. Ziarat town (situated at an altitude of about 2,400 meters) is the headquarters of the district, the sub-division, and also of the tehsil. The highest peak of Khalifat Hills, at an altitude of 11,400 feet (3,500 m), is located in Ziarat district.

Ziarat
Ziarat (Balochi Pashto: زیارت) is a city in the Ziarat District of the Balochistan province in Pakistan. It lies 130 kilometres (81 mi) away from Quetta, the provincial capital of Balochistan. Previously, it was part of Sibi district. It was announced as a separated district on 1st of July, 1986. The Quaid-e-Azam Residency is located in this valley, where Quaid-e-Azam (the founder of Pakistan) spent some of his last days.
St. John's Cathedral (İzmir)
St. John's Cathedral (Turkish: Aziz Yuhanna Katedrali) is a cathedral in İzmir, Turkey. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of İzmir. The cathedral is dedicated to John the Evangelist, who in the Book of Revelation sent greetings and instructions to the Seven churches of Asia, including Smyrna (İzmir).

Archdiocese of İzmir
The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of İzmir (Latin: Archidioecesis Smyrnensis) is a Latin archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Asian Turkey (Anatolia).

The archdiocese's cathedral motherchurch and thus see of its archbishop is St. John's Cathedral. It also includes a World Heritage Site: Meryem Ana Evi Meryem Ana Evi, Bülbüldağı.

Martin Kmetec OFMConv, was appointed Archbishop of İzmir by Pope Francis on 8 December 2020.
Aldersgate Day
Aldersgate Day, or Wesley Day, is an anniversary observed by Methodist Christians on 24 May. It recalls the day in 1738 when Church of England priest John Wesley attended a group meeting in Aldersgate, London, where he received an experience of assurance of his new birth. This was the pivotal event in Wesley's life that ultimately led to the development of the Methodist movement in Britain and America.

In the calendars of the Methodist Church of Great Britain and the United Methodist Church the event is publicly commemorated in church services on the Sunday before 24 May (or on the anniversary itself if that date falls on a Sunday), called Aldersgate Sunday.

Aldersgate
Aldersgate is a Ward of the City of London, England, named after one of the northern gates in the London Wall which once enclosed the City.

The Ward of Aldersgate is traditionally divided into Aldersgate Within and Aldersgate Without, the suffix denoting whether the part was within the line of the wall or outside it. The ancient ward boundaries were redrawn in 2013; the names are preserved but their location only loosely approximates to their historic extent.

The gate also gave its name to Aldersgate Street, which runs north from the former gate towards Clerkenwell. The street was wholly part of Aldersgate Without ward until a short section further north was renamed and so added to it.
Hellmuth Ladies' College
Hellmuth Ladies' College (founded September 1869; closed 1899–1901) was a private college for women in London, Ontario.  The college was founded by Reverend Isaac Hellmuth and was inaugurated by Prince Arthur.  The college had no official connection with a church; but under the patronage of its founder and namesake, it was thoroughly Anglican. Princess Louise became its patroness on her visit in 1878.  The college was devoted to the study of arts and sciences.  It was located on Richmond Street North, just south of Windermere Road on the hill overlooking the Thames River.  Hellmuth Ladies' College was complemented by Hellmuth College — for young men, founded 1865 — also of London, Ontario. Hellmuth Ladies' College closed sometime between 1899 and 1901.  The properties were acquired by the Sisters of St. Joseph and transformed into Mount St. Joseph Orphanage.

Isaac Hellmuth
Isaac Hellmuth (December 14, 1819 – 28 May 1901), second Anglican Bishop of the Diocese of Huron, was the founder of Huron University College and the University of Western Ontario, one of Canada's leading universities.  He was also founder of Hellmuth Ladies' College and Hellmuth Boys' College, both now defunct, formerly of London, Ontario.
Molien's formula
In mathematics, Molien's formula computes the generating function attached to a linear representation of a group G on a finite-dimensional vector space, that counts the homogeneous polynomials of a given total degree that are invariants for G. It is named for Theodor Molien.

Precisely, it says: given a finite-dimensional complex representation V of G and , the space of homogeneous polynomial functions on V of degree n (degree-one homogeneous polynomials are precisely linear functionals), if G is a finite group, the series (called Molien series) can be computed as:

Here,  is the subspace of  that consists of all vectors fixed by all elements of G; i.e., invariant forms of degree n. Thus, the dimension of it is the number of invariants of degree n. If G is a compact group, the similar formula holds in terms of Haar measure.

Theodor Molien
Theodor Georg Andreas Molien (Russian: Fedor Eduardovich Molin; 10 September [O.S. 29 August] 1861 in Riga – 25 December 1941 in Tomsk) was a Russian mathematician of Baltic German origin. He was born in Riga, Latvia, which at that time was a part of Russian Empire. Molien studied associative algebras and polynomial invariants of finite groups.
Minocqua, Wisconsin
Minocqua (Ojibwe: Minwaakwaa) is a town in northwestern Oneida County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 5,062 at the 2020 census. The Minocqua census-designated place and the unincorporated community of Rantz are both located in the town. Minocqua is commonly referred to as "The Island City."

Minocqua (CDP), Wisconsin
Minocqua is a census-designated place located in the town of Minocqua, Oneida County, Wisconsin, United States. Minocqua is located on a peninsula on Minocqua Lake, 21.5 miles (34.6 km) northwest of Rhinelander. The community is served by U.S. Route 51. Minocqua has a post office with ZIP code 54548. As of the 2020 census, its population is 411, down from 451 at the 2010 census.
Gaur Daha
Gaur Daha or Gourdaha is a census town within the jurisdiction of the Jibantala police station in the Canning I CD block in the Canning subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration.

It is bordered by the neighborhoods of Narayanpur in the north, Piyali or Kalaria in the west, Banshra in the east and Kalabaru in the south.  Gourdaha Canal flows through Gourdaha, which joins Piali River at Uttar Bhag.

The middle part of the Baruipur to Canning Road and the eastern part of the Sonarpur to Ghutiari Sharrif Road runs through respectively the South and North of the neighborhood. The area contains a prominent traffic junction from which a variety of public transport is available, making it a prime travel connection spot in suburbs area.

Banshra, Canning
Banshra is a census town and a gram panchayat within the jurisdiction of the Jibantala police station in the Canning I CD block in the Canning subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Complex polytope
In geometry, a complex polytope is a generalization of a polytope in real space to an analogous structure in a complex Hilbert space, where each real dimension is accompanied by an imaginary one.

A complex polytope may be understood as a collection of complex points, lines, planes, and so on, where every point is the junction of multiple lines, every line of multiple planes, and so on.

Precise definitions exist only for the regular complex polytopes, which are configurations. The regular complex polytopes have been completely characterized, and can be described using a symbolic notation developed by Coxeter.

Some complex polytopes which are not fully regular have also been described.

Hessian polyhedron
In geometry, the Hessian polyhedron is a regular complex polyhedron 3{3}3{3}3, , in .  It has 27 vertices, 72 3{} edges, and 27 3{3}3 faces. It is self-dual.

Coxeter named it after Ludwig Otto Hesse for sharing the Hessian configuration  or (94123), 9 points  lying by threes on twelve lines, with four lines through each point.

Its complex reflection group is 3[3]3[3]3 or , order 648, also called a Hessian group. It has 27 copies of , order 24, at each vertex. It has 24 order-3 reflections. Its Coxeter number is 12, with degrees of the fundamental invariants 3, 6, and 12, which can be seen in projective symmetry of the polytopes.

The Witting polytope, 3{3}3{3}3{3}3,  contains the Hessian polyhedron as cells and vertex figures.

It has a real representation as the 221 polytope, , in 6-dimensional space, sharing the same 27 vertices. The 216 edges in 221 can be seen as the 72 3{} edges represented as 3 simple edges.
Jonathan Clark (bishop)
Jonathan Dunnett Clark SCP (born 1961) is a retired Anglican bishop serving as the Bishop for the Falkland Islands. He was previously area Bishop of Croydon in the Church of England Diocese of Southwark, 2012–2022. An Anglo-Catholic, he was rector general of the Society of Catholic Priests from 2005 to 2008 and chair of Affirming Catholicism from 2008 to 2012

Society of Catholic Priests
The Society of Catholic Priests (SCP) is a religious society of clergy in the Anglican Communion which draws its membership from Anglicans who consider themselves a part of the liberal Anglo-Catholic tradition.
South Holland District
South Holland is a local government district of Lincolnshire, England. The council is based in Spalding. Other notable towns and villages include Crowland, Sutton Bridge, Donington, Holbeach and Long Sutton. The district is named after the historical division of Lincolnshire known as the Parts of Holland.

The neighbouring districts are Boston, North Kesteven, South Kesteven, Peterborough, Fenland and King's Lynn and West Norfolk.

Sutton Bridge
Sutton Bridge is a town and civil parish in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the A17 road, 7 miles (11 km) north from Wisbech and 9 miles (14 km) west from King's Lynn. The village includes a commercial dock on the west bank of the River Nene over which spans a swing bridge, and the parish, two 19th-century lighthouses 3 miles (5 km) to the north from the village on the Nene.
Weiping Wu
Weiping Wu (Chinese: 吴维平) is a China urban specialist and Professor at Columbia University's Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, where she directs the Urban Planning program. In January 2022, she was appointed interim dean and served until August. She became the Vice Provost for Academic Programs at Columbia in September 2023.

Wu was appointed as the President of the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning (ACSP) from Fall 2017 through Fall 2019, and was editor of ACSP's Journal of Planning Education and Research from 2008 to 2012.

Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation
The Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation (GSAPP) is the architecture school of Columbia University, a private research university in New York City. It is also home to the Masters of Science program in Advanced Architectural Design, Computational Design Practice, Critical Curatorial & Conceptual Practices, Historic Preservation, Real Estate Development, Urban Design, and Urban Planning.

The school's resources include the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library, the United States' largest architectural library and home to some of the first books published on architecture, as well as the origin of the Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals.

Recent deans of the school have included architects James Stewart Polshek (1972–1987), Bernard Tschumi (1988–2003), Mark Wigley (2004–2014), Amale Andraos (2014–2021), Weiping Wu (Interim Dean, 2022), and Andrés Jaque (2022–present).
Janja Kantakouzenos
Janja Kantakouzenos (Serbian: Јања Кантакузиновић[a]; after 1435 – September 1477) was a nobleman from the mine town of Novo Brdo (then Serbian Despotate) who had economic deals in the mining industry with the Ottoman Empire after their conquest of Serbia. He was a descendant of the Kantakouzenoi that settled in Serbia after the marriage between Despot Đurađ Branković and Irene Kantakouzene.

Demetrius Kantakouzenos
Demetrius Kantakouzenos (Serbian: Димитрије Кантакузин/Dimitrije Kantakuzin; born 1435—fl. 1487) was a Serbian writer of Greek origin who lived in the 15th century Serbian Despotate. He attained literary prominence at the same time as Vladislav Gramatik and others of his generation.
Maurice Rouvier
Maurice Rouvier (French: [mɔʁis ʁuvje, moʁ-]; 17 April 1842 – 7 June 1911) was a French statesman of the "Opportunist" faction, who twice served as the Prime Minister of France. He is best known for his financial policies and his unpopular policies designed to avoid a rupture with Germany.

Émile Combes
Émile Justin Louis Combes (French: [emil kɔ̃b]; 6 September 1835 – 25 May 1921) was a French politician and freemason who led the Lefts Bloc (French: Bloc des gauches) cabinet from June 1902 to January 1905.
Gumeracha, South Australia
Gumeracha (/ˌɡʌməˈrækə/ GUM-ə-RAK-ə) is a town in the Adelaide Hills, South Australia, located on the Adelaide-Mannum Road. It is located in the Adelaide Hills Council local government area on the south bank of the upper River Torrens. The region relies heavily on grazing, dairying, grape growing, orchards, and market gardening. Its most prominent attraction is the Big Rocking Horse.

Big Rocking Horse
The Big Rocking Horse is a tourist attraction located in the town of Gumeracha, South Australia. Designed by David McIntosh, the structure weighs 25 tonnes, stands at over 18 metres (59 ft) tall, and is one of a number of Big Things in Australia designed to attract the attention of passing motorists. It is part of a larger complex that includes a wooden toy factory, wildlife park, and café. Owned by the Wilkinson family since the early 1970s, the complex was sold in 2023 and continues to operate today with new additions such as Miniature golf.
Riverside–Downtown station
Riverside–Downtown station (officially the Joseph Tavaglione Riverside Downtown Station) is a train station in Riverside, California, United States. It is served by three Metrolink commuter rail lines – the 91/Perris Valley Line, Inland Empire–Orange County Line, and Riverside Line – and Amtrak intercity rail service on the Southwest Chief. The station is owned by the Riverside County Transportation Commission.

91/Perris Valley Line
The 91/Perris Valley Line, formerly known as the 91 Line, is a commuter rail route operated by Metrolink that runs from Los Angeles to Perris in Southern California, mostly paralleling State Route 91 between Riverside-Downtown and Buena Park stations. Operating since May 2002, the route runs on the Southern Transcon line owned by BNSF Railway, as well as the Riverside County Transportation Commission-owned San Jacinto Branch Line. Services are primarily operated along the entire route between L.A. Union Station and Perris–South.