hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hatfield House
Hatfield House is a Grade I listed country house set in a large park, the Great Park, on the eastern side of Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England.

The present Jacobean house, a leading example of the prodigy house, was built in 1611 by Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury and Chief Minister to James I. It is a prime example of Jacobean architecture. The estate includes extensive grounds and surviving parts of an earlier palace. Queen Elizabeth's Oak is said to be the place where Elizabeth I was informed she had become queen. The house is currently the home of Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury. It is open to the public.

Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury
Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, KG, PC (1 June 1563 – 24 May 1612) was an English statesman and alleged spymaster noted for his direction of the government during the Union of the Crowns, as Tudor England gave way to Stuart rule (1603). Lord Salisbury served as the Secretary of State of England (1596–1612) and  Lord High Treasurer (1608–1612), succeeding his father as Queen Elizabeth I's Lord Privy Seal and remaining in power during the first nine years of King James I's reign until his own death.

The principal discoverer of the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, Robert Cecil remains a controversial historic figure as it is still debated at what point he first learned of the plot and to what extent he acted as an agent provocateur.
Banco de Ponce
Banco de Ponce was the Puerto Rican bank with the largest number of branches in the United States and second largest bank in deposits and number of branches in Puerto Rico during the twentieth century. Founded in Ponce, Puerto Rico, in the early part of the century, it headquartered in San Juan in 1970 and, 20 years later, merged with Banco Popular forming BancPonce Corporation.

Banco Popular de Puerto Rico
Popular, Inc., doing business as Banco Popular de Puerto Rico (BPPR) or simply as Banco Popular in Puerto Rico and the U.S. and British Virgin Islands, and as Popular Bank in the United States, is a full-service financial services conglomerate headquartered at Popular Center in the Milla de Oro financial district in the Hato Rey business center of San Juan, the capital municipality of the archipelago and island of Puerto Rico. Founded in 1893, it is the largest banking institution in Puerto Rico in terms of assets and deposits, and it ranks among the largest bank and thrift holding companies in total assets in the United States. In recent years, it has expanded into other areas of the Caribbean and Latin America.
B+ tree
A B+ tree is an m-ary tree with a variable but often large number of children per node. A B+ tree consists of a root, internal nodes, and leaves. The root may be either a leaf or a node with two or more children.

A B+ tree can be viewed as a B-tree in which each node contains only keys (not key–value pairs), and to which an additional level is added at the bottom with linked leaves.

The primary value of a B+ tree is in storing data for efficient retrieval in a block-oriented storage context—in particular, filesystems. This is primarily because unlike binary search trees, B+ trees have very high fanout (number of pointers to child nodes in a node, typically on the order of 100 or more), which reduces the number of I/O operations required to find an element in the tree.

B-tree
In computer science, a B-tree is a self-balancing tree data structure that maintains sorted data and allows searches, sequential access, insertions, and deletions in logarithmic time. The B-tree generalizes the binary search tree, allowing nodes to have more than two children.

By allowing more children under one node than a regular self-balancing binary search tree, the B-tree reduces the height of the tree and puts the data in fewer separate blocks. This is especially important for trees stored in secondary storage (e.g., disk drives), as these systems have relatively high latency and work with relatively large blocks of data, hence the B-tree's use in databases and file systems. This remains a major advantage when the tree is stored in memory, as modern computer systems rely heavily on CPU caches. Compared to reading from the cache, reading from memory after a cache miss costs significant time.
Noël Haskins Murphy
Noël Haskins Murphy (December 25, 1896 – 1982) was an American performer, best-known as the wife and widow of Frederic Timothy Murphy (who died in 1924 of wounds suffered during World War I). She was also the lover of Paris-based American news correspondent Janet Flanner.

Janet Flanner
Janet Flanner (March 13, 1892 – November 7, 1978) was an American writer and pioneering narrative journalist  who served as the Paris correspondent of The New Yorker magazine from 1925 until she retired in 1975. She wrote under the pen name "Genêt". She also published a single novel, The Cubical City, set in New York City.

She was a prominent member of America's expatriate community living in Paris before WWII. Along with her longtime partner Solita Solano, Flanner was called "a defining force in the creative expat scene in Paris". She returned to New York during the war. Flanner split her time between there and Paris until her death in 1978.
Justine Triet
Justine Triet (French: [ʒystin tʁije]; born 17 July 1978) is a French film director, screenwriter, and editor. She has received several awards including an Academy Award, BAFTA Award, a Palme d'Or, three César Awards, and two Golden Globe Awards.

Triet started her career making documentary short films surrounding social justice issues and commentary starting with Sur Place (2007) which explored the 2006 youth protests in France. She made her narrative directorial feature film debut with the comedy drama Age of Panic (2013) followed by the romantic comedy In Bed with Victoria (2016) and the drama Sibyl (2019).

She gained widespread acclaim for directing Anatomy of a Fall, which debuted at the 76th Cannes Film Festival and won the Palme d'Or, making Triet the third female director to win the award. In 2024, she became the first female French filmmaker to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director and to win the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.

Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award (also known as an Oscar) for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material; writers with "written by", "screenplay" or "story" credits are all collectively recognized as recipients for each nomination.

The category was created in 1940, and has always existed concurrently with the Best Adapted Screenplay category (conversely for films based on pre-existing intellectual properties); originally, it also co-existed with a third writing category, Best Story, which had been active since the original Academy Awards ceremony in 1929; this latter award was meant to reward specifically writers who originated a film's plot and characters rather than those who wrote the dialogue and final screenplay, although Best Story would later be merged into Best Original Screenplay in 1956.
Vox Records
Vox Records is a budget classical record label. The name is Latin for "voice."

Some Vox releases such as Peter Frankl's Debussy Piano Works and György Sándor's Complete Prokofiev Sonatas were reissued in premium vinyl boxsets by the audiophile German FSM Records Hamburg. The Brendel Complete Beethoven Sonatas were remastered from the original tapes for SACD and for HD downloads.

Alfred Brendel
Alfred Brendel (5 January 1931 – 17 June 2025) was a Czech-born Austrian classical pianist, poet, author, composer and lecturer, based in London. He is noted for his performances of music by Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, and Franz Liszt. He made three recordings of Beethoven's 32 piano sonatas and was the first pianist to record Beethoven's complete works for solo piano.
Gluteus (genus)
Gluteus minimus is an extinct species of animal from the Late Devonian (Frasnian-Famennian) of Iowa that is the only species within the genus Gluteus. It was first collected in 1902, but only described in 1975 and the holotype is SUI 34978-91. Each animal appears as a bi-lobed lens up to 11 mm × 8 mm (0.43 in × 0.31 in), and almost all specimens share the same slight asymmetry. The species is of uncertain affinities, having been variously thought of as either fish teeth, some sort of fish scales, brachiopods, or otoliths.

Otolith
An otolith (Ancient Greek: ὠτο-, ōto- ear + λῐ́θος, líthos, a stone), also called otoconium, statolith, or statoconium, is a calcium carbonate structure in the saccule or utricle of the inner ear, specifically in the vestibular system of vertebrates. The saccule and utricle, in turn, together make the otolith organs. These organs are what allows an organism, including humans, to perceive linear acceleration, both horizontally and vertically (gravity). They have been identified in both extinct and extant vertebrates.

Counting the annual growth rings on the otoliths is a common technique in estimating the age of fish.
Hedayat Amin Arsala
Hedayat Amin Arsala (Pashto: هدايت امين ارسلا; 12 January 1942 – 1 November 2025) was an Afghan economist and politician. He served as Vice President of Afghanistan, Finance Minister and Foreign Minister, and until October 2013 was the Senior Minister of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, appointed by the President Hamid Karzai.

Ministry of Finance (Afghanistan)
The Ministry of Finance of Afghanistan (Dari: وزارت مالیه افغانستان, Pashto: د افغانستان د مالیې وزارت) is responsible for the implementation and execution of the budget, collection of taxes, organization, and control of public expenses in Afghanistan; it also controls the management of the Custom Affairs. The Ministry of Finance provides a quarterly report to inform the public and the executive cabinet of advancements in Afghanistan's financial sector. The current Finance Minister is Nasir Akhund.
Johnny Dyani
Johnny Mbizo Dyani (30 November 1945 – 24 October 1986) was a South African jazz double bassist, vocalist and pianist, who, in addition to being a key member of The Blue Notes, played with such international musicians as Don Cherry, Steve Lacy, David Murray, Finnish guitar player Jukka Syrenius, Pierre Dørge, Peter Brötzmann, Mal Waldron, fellow South African Dollar Brand (Abdullah Ibrahim), and Leo Smith, among many other prominent players.

David Murray (saxophonist)
David Keith Murray (born February 19, 1955) is an American jazz saxophonist and composer who performs mostly on tenor and bass clarinet. He has recorded prolifically for many record labels since the mid-1970s. He lives in New York City.
CDC 6000 series
The CDC 6000 series is a discontinued family of mainframe computers manufactured by Control Data Corporation in the 1960s. It consisted of the CDC 6200, CDC 6300, CDC 6400, CDC 6500, CDC 6600 and CDC 6700 computers, which were all extremely rapid and efficient for their time. Each is a large, solid-state, general-purpose, digital computer that performs scientific and business data processing as well as multiprogramming, multiprocessing, Remote Job Entry, time-sharing, and data management tasks under the control of the operating system called SCOPE (Supervisory Control Of Program Execution).  By 1970 there also was a time-sharing oriented operating system named KRONOS.  They were part of the first generation of supercomputers. The 6600 was the flagship of Control Data's 6000 series.

CDC Cyber
The CDC Cyber range of mainframe-class supercomputers were the primary products of Control Data Corporation (CDC) during the 1970s and 1980s. In their day, they were the computer architecture of choice for scientific and mathematically intensive computing. They were used for modeling fluid flow, material science stress analysis, electrochemical machining analysis, probabilistic analysis, energy and academic computing, radiation shielding modeling, and other applications. The lineup also included the Cyber 18 and Cyber 1000 minicomputers. Like their predecessor, the CDC 6600, they were unusual in using the ones' complement binary representation.
Canyon Glacier
Canyon Glacier (83°57′S 175°25′E﻿ / ﻿83.950°S 175.417°E﻿ / -83.950; 175.417) is a narrow glacier, 35 nautical miles (65 km; 40 mi) long, flowing to the Ross Ice Shelf. It drains the northwest slopes of Mount Wexler and moves northward between steep canyon walls of the Separation Range and Hughes Range to join the ice shelf immediately west of Giovinco Ice Piedmont. The glacier was observed from nearby Mount Patrick by the New Zealand Alpine Club Antarctic Expedition (1959–60) who gave the descriptive name.

Separation Range
Separation Range (84°5′S 174°0′E﻿ / ﻿84.083°S 174.000°E﻿ / -84.083; 174.000) is the northeastern branch of the Commonwealth Range in the Queen Maud Mountains, Antarctica.
The branch starts at about 84°20'S, and forms two chains of mountains separated by Hood Glacier. 
The Separation Range, about 30 nautical miles (56 km; 35 mi) long, terminates to the north at the Ross Ice Shelf. 
Named by the New Zealand Alpine Club Antarctic Expedition, 1959–60.
ASM Headquarters and Geodesic Dome
The ASM International Headquarters and Geodesic Dome, at the Materials Park campus in Russell Township, Geauga County, Ohio, United States, are the headquarters of ASM International, a professional organization for materials scientists and engineers. These modernist structures were built in 1958 and dedicated in September 1959.

ASM International (society)
ASM International, formerly known as the American Society for Metals, is an association of materials-centric engineers and scientists.

As the charitable arm of ASM, the ASM Materials Education Foundation also operates ASM Materials Camp in the summers for high school students and teachers. These camps are intended to educate the public about the materials field, and encourage young people to pursue careers in materials science and engineering.
Amphiphile
In chemistry, an amphiphile (from Greek  αμφις (amphis) 'both' and  φιλíα (philia) 'love, friendship'), or amphipath, is a dipolar chemical compound possessing both hydrophilic (water-loving, polar) and lipophilic (fat-loving, nonpolar) properties. Such a compound is called amphiphilic or amphipathic. Amphiphilic compounds include surfactants and detergents. The phospholipid amphiphiles are the major structural component of cell membranes.

Amphiphiles are able to self-assemble to form a wide range of supramolecular structures, including micelles, lamellae, nanofibers, and biological membranes. They serve as the basis for many household soaps and detergents.

Amphiphiles are the basis for a number of areas of research in chemistry and biochemistry, notably that of lipid polymorphism.

Organic compounds containing hydrophilic groups at both ends of the molecule are called bolaamphiphilic. The micelles they form in the aggregate are prolate.

Lipophilicity
Lipophilicity (from Greek λίπος "fat" and φίλος "friendly") is the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids, and non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene. Such compounds are called lipophilic (translated as "fat-loving" or "fat-liking"). Such non-polar solvents are themselves lipophilic, and the adage "like dissolves like" generally holds true. Thus lipophilic substances tend to dissolve in other lipophilic substances, whereas hydrophilic ("water-loving") substances tend to dissolve in water and other hydrophilic substances.

Lipophilicity, hydrophobicity, and non-polarity may describe the same tendency towards participation in the London dispersion force, as the terms are often used interchangeably. However, the terms "lipophilic" and "hydrophobic" are not synonymous, as can be seen with silicones and fluorocarbons, which are hydrophobic but not lipophilic.
Nadarius Clark
Nadarius Clark (born 1995) is an American activist and politician who has served as delegate for the 84th district of the Virginia House of Delegates since 2023, and formerly the 79th district from 2022 to 2023. Clark, a Democrat, defeated incumbent Steve Heretick in the Democratic primary and Republican nominee Lawrence Mason in the 2021 Virginia House of Delegates election.

He resigned on March 28, 2023, to run for election to a different seat in the chamber. On June 20, 2023, Clark won the Democratic primary for the new 84th district. He won the election with 53% of the vote to his Republican opponent's 47% Michael Dillender in Virginia's 84th House of Delegates district.

Virginia's 84th House of Delegates district
Virginia's 84th House of Delegates district elects one of 100 seats in the Virginia House of Delegates, the lower house of the state's bicameral legislature. District 84 covers all of Franklin, portions of Isle of Wight County and Suffolk. The district is currently represented by Democrat Nadarius Clark.
CKKS-FM
CKKS-FM (107.5 FM, "Kiss Throwbacks") is a radio station licensed to Chilliwack, British Columbia, and serving Greater Vancouver and the Fraser Valley. Owned by Rogers Radio, a division of Rogers Sports & Media, it broadcasts a classic hits format focusing on music from the 1990s through the 2010s.

The station's main studios and offices are at 2440 Ash Street in the Fairview neighbourhood of Vancouver, where its rebroadcasting transmitter CKKS-FM-2 operates at 104.9 FM with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 31,000 watts and a height above average terrain (HAAT) of 672.2 metres (2,205 ft) from atop Mount Seymour. Another rebroadcasting transmitter, 92.5 CKKS-FM-1, is in Abbotsford, British Columbia.

The station went on the air in 1986 as CKSR-FM, with transmitters at Abbotsford and Chilliwack. Technical changes in the late 1990s added a third transmitter in Vancouver, greatly expanding its broadcast coverage.

CKSR-FM
CKSR-FM (98.3 MHz Star 98.3) is a Canadian radio station located in Chilliwack, British Columbia. The station, operating at 2,100 watts of power, is owned by Rogers Radio, a division of Rogers Sports & Media. CKSR also runs a repeater station in Hope (CFSR-FM 100.5).
Ivor William Evans
Ivor William Evans (24 July 1887 – 25 April 1960) was an Australian businessman. As a 14-year-old schoolboy, he was one of five winners of the 1901 Federal Flag Design Competition, held to design a national flag for Australia.

1901 Federal Flag Design Competition
The 1901 Federal Flag Design Competition was an Australian government initiative announced by Prime Minister Edmund Barton to find a flag for the newly federated Commonwealth of Australia. In terms of its essential elements the winning entries are the official flag of Australia.
North Devon Militia
The North Devon Militia, later the Devon Artillery Militia, was a part-time military unit in the maritime county of Devonshire in the West of England. The Militia had always been important in the county, which was vulnerable to invasion, and from its formal creation in 1758 the regiment served in home defence in all Britain's major wars until 1909. Having always been an infantry regiment, the North Devon Militia was converted into an artillery unit in 1853, with a role in manning the forts that protected the vital naval base at Plymouth.

Devon Militia
The Devon Militia was a part-time military force in the maritime county of Devonshire in the West of England. From their formal organisation as Trained Bands in 1558 until their final service as a Special Reserve unit of the Devonshire Regiment in World War I, the Militia regiments of Devonshire served in home defence in all of Britain's major wars.
Conformal Killing vector field
In conformal geometry, a conformal Killing vector field  on a manifold of dimension n with  (pseudo) Riemannian metric  (also called a conformal Killing vector, CKV, or conformal colineation), is a vector field  whose (locally defined) flow defines conformal transformations, that is, preserve  up to scale and preserve the conformal structure. Several equivalent formulations, called the conformal Killing equation, exist in terms of the Lie derivative of the flow e.g.  
for some function  on the manifold. For  there are a finite number of solutions, specifying the conformal symmetry of that space, but in two dimensions, there is an infinity of solutions. The name Killing refers to Wilhelm Killing, who first investigated Killing vector fields.

Killing vector field
In mathematics, a Killing vector field (often called a Killing field), named after Wilhelm Killing, is a vector field on a pseudo-Riemannian manifold that preserves the metric tensor.  Killing vector fields are the infinitesimal generators of isometries; that is, flows generated by Killing vector fields are continuous isometries of the manifold. This means that the flow generates a symmetry, in the sense that moving each point of an object the same distance in the direction of the Killing vector will not distort distances on the object.
D-sharp minor
D-sharp minor is a minor scale based on D♯, consisting of the pitches D♯, E♯, F♯, G♯, A♯, B, and C♯. Its key signature has six sharps.

Its relative major is F-sharp major (or enharmonically G-flat major). Its parallel major, D-sharp major, is usually replaced by E-flat major, since D-sharp major's two double-sharps make it generally impractical to use. Its enharmonic equivalent, E-flat minor, has six flats.

The D-sharp natural minor scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The D-sharp harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:

F-sharp major
F-sharp major is a major scale based on F♯, consisting of the pitches F♯, G♯, A♯, B, C♯, D♯, and E♯. Its key signature has six sharps.
Its relative minor is D-sharp minor (or enharmonically E-flat minor) and its parallel minor is F-sharp minor. Its direct enharmonic, G-flat major, contains six flats in its key signature.

The F-sharp major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The F-sharp harmonic major and melodic major scales are:
Reginald Macaulay
Reginald Heber Macaulay (24 August 1858 –  15 December 1937) was an amateur English footballer and merchant. He won the FA Cup with Old Etonians in 1882 and made one appearance for England in 1881 playing as a forward.

1882 FA Cup final
The 1882 FA Cup final was contested by Old Etonians and Blackburn Rovers at the Kennington Oval. Old Etonians won 1–0, the only goal scored, according to most reports, by William Anderson, although another, questionably, gives Reginald Macaulay. It was the last final to be won by one of the Southern "gentleman amateur" teams who had dominated the first decade of the competition.
Second Church, Boston
The Second Church was a congregation active during 1649–1970, which occupied a number of locations around Boston, Massachusetts. It was first a Congregational church, and then beginning in 1802, a Unitarian church. In 1970, it merged with Boston's First Church.

Its locations in Boston included North Square, Hanover Street, Copley Square, and the Fenway. Its ministers included Michael Powell, Increase Mather, Cotton Mather, and Ralph Waldo Emerson.

Copley Square
Copley Square /ˈkɒpli/ is a public square in Boston's Back Bay neighborhood, bounded by Boylston Street, Clarendon Street, St. James Avenue, and Dartmouth Street. The square is named for painter John Singleton Copley. Prior to 1883 it was known as Art Square due to its many cultural institutions, some of which remain today.