hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dung beetle
Dung beetles are beetles that feed on feces. All species of dung beetle belong to the superfamily Scarabaeoidea, most of them to the subfamilies Scarabaeinae and Aphodiinae of the family Scarabaeidae (scarab beetles). As most species of Scarabaeinae feed exclusively on feces, that subfamily is often dubbed true dung beetles. There are dung-feeding beetles which belong to other families, such as the Geotrupidae (the earth-boring dung beetle). The Scarabaeinae alone comprises more than 5,000 species.

As they do not belong to a single group sharing a common ancestor, there is a diversity in the behavior of dung beetles, including the iconic dung-rolling behavior revered by Ancient Egyptians as Khepri rolling the sun across the sky.

Scarabaeidae
The family Scarabaeidae, as currently defined, consists of over 35,000 species of beetles worldwide; they are often called scarabs or scarab beetles. The classification of this family has undergone significant change. Several groups formerly treated as subfamilies have been elevated to family rank (e.g., Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaresidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae, and Pleocomidae), and some reduced to lower ranks. The subfamilies listed in this article are in accordance with those in Catalog of Life (2023).
Thunder Butte
Thunder Butte (Lakota: Wakíŋyaŋ Pahá) is a prominent butte landmark located in the northwest corner of Ziebach County, South Dakota, in the United States. Thunder Butte is a large, isolated hill that can be seen for many miles in every direction, and has served throughout history as an important orientation point for area residents or a navigational aide for travelers crossing the surrounding plains. The butte gives its name to a small community at its base, and to a small creek that runs into the Moreau River.

Ziebach County, South Dakota
Ziebach County (Zee-bahk) is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,413. Its county seat is Dupree. It is the last county (or county equivalent) in the United States alphabetically.

Ziebach County consists entirely of Indian reservations. Most of the county is within the Cheyenne River Indian Reservation and the remainder is within the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation.
Zylom
GameHouse Europe B.V., doing business as Zylom, is a Dutch distributor of casual games for computers, smartphones and tablets. It was founded as an independent company in 2001 and became a part of RealNetworks in 2006.

RealNetworks
RealNetworks LLC is an American technology company and provider of Internet streaming media delivery software and services based in Seattle, Washington. The company also provides subscription-based online entertainment services and mobile entertainment and messaging services.
Negros Navigation
Negros Navigation Co., Inc. (NENACO) was one of the oldest domestic shipping companies in the Philippines. It was also one of the largest companies in the shipping business in the Philippines. Its main hub was in Pier 2, Manila North Harbor. In 2012, Its passenger and freight operations merged with Aboitiz Transport System (ATS) brands to form 2GO Travel. It later merged with 2GO Group in 2018.

Supercat Fast Ferry Corporation
The SuperCat Fast Ferry Corporation, commonly known as SuperCat, is a shipping company that is owned by Chelsea Logistics & Infrastructure Holdings Corp. that operates a fleet of high-speed catamarans (HSC) in the Philippines.

SuperCat was previously the sister company of SuperFerry, Cebu Ferries and 2GO Travel.

SuperCat operates 10 vessels in 5 ports around the Philippines.
Johnny "Red" Floyd Stadium
Johnny "Red" Floyd Stadium is a stadium in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States. It is primarily used for American football, and is the home field of the Middle Tennessee State University Blue Raiders. It previously served as the home stadium for Riverdale and Oakland high schools, for a long period when those schools did not have stadiums. It later was the home stadium for Siegel High School for a short period, when construction for a stadium was delayed. The stadium is named for Middle Tennessee State University football coach Johnny Floyd.

Middle Tennessee State University
Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU or MT) is a public research university in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1911 as a normal school, the university consists of eight undergraduate colleges as well as a college of graduate studies, together offering more than 300 degree programs through more than 35 departments. It is classified among "R2:  Universities".

Prior to 2017, MTSU was governed by the Tennessee Board of Regents and part of the State University and Community College System of Tennessee. In 2017, governance was transferred to an institutional board of trustees. MTSU is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges. MTSU athletics programs compete intercollegiately in the NCAA Division I as a member of Conference USA.
Aculnahuacatl Tzaqualcatl
Aculnahuacatl Tzaqualcatl was the first tlatoani (ruler) of the pre-Columbian Tepanec altepetl (ethnic state) of Tlacopan in the Valley of Mexico.

Aculnahuacatl was a son of Tezozomoc, the ruler of Azcapotzalco, who installed him as ruler of Tlacopan. He married Tlacochcuetzin, the daughter of Tlacacuitlahuatzin, the ruler of Tiliuhcan, and had two sons: Coauoxtli and Oquetzal.

"Acolnahuacatl" was part of an anti-Mexica coalition to drive the then-nomadic tribe off or exterminate them.

Tlacopan
Tlacopan, also called Tacuba, (Classical Nahuatl: Tlacōpan, [t͡ɬaˈkóːpan̥]) was a Tepanec / Mexica altepetl on the western shore of Lake Texcoco. The site is today the neighborhood of Tacuba, in Mexico City.
Carlos Lagrotta
Carlos Lagrotta was an Argentine actor. In 1943 he starred in Benito Perojo's Stella. Other films include Hay que educar a Niní (1940), Santa Cándida (1945), The Headless Woman (1947) and El muerto es un vivo (1953).

Educating Niní
Educating Niní (Spanish:Hay que educar a Niní) is a 1940 Argentine comedy film of the Golden Age of Argentine cinema, directed and co-written by Luis César Amadori and starring Niní Marshall, Francisco Álvarez and Pablo Palitos. The film's sets were designed by the art director Raúl Soldi. The film is notable for marking the film debut of twin teen actresses Mirtha and Silvia Legrand.
Ajax, Ontario
Ajax (/ˈeɪdʒæks/; 2021 population: 126,666) is a waterfront town in Durham Region in Southern Ontario, Canada, located in the eastern part of the Greater Toronto Area.

The town is named for HMS Ajax, a Royal Navy cruiser that served in the Second World War. It is approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) east of Toronto on the shores of Lake Ontario and is bordered by the City of Pickering to the west and north, and the Town of Whitby to the east.

HMS Ajax (22)
HMS Ajax was a Leander-class light cruiser which served with the Royal Navy during World War II. She became famous for her part in the Battle of the River Plate, the Battle of Crete, the Battle of Malta and as a supply escort in the siege of Tobruk. This ship was the eighth in the Royal Navy to bear the name. In February 1942, she was adopted by the civil community of Halifax, West Yorkshire.
Private bank
Private banks are banks owned by either the individual or a general partner(s) with limited partner(s). Private banks are not incorporated. In any such case, creditors can look to both the "entirety of the bank's assets" as well as the entirety of the sole-proprietor's/general-partners' assets.

Private banks have a long tradition in Switzerland, dating back to at least the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1685). Private banks also have a long tradition in the UK where C. Hoare & Co. has been in business since 1672.

C. Hoare & Co
C. Hoare & Co., also known as Hoares, is a British private bank, founded in 1672 by Sir Richard Hoare. A twelfth-generation family business, it is owned by eight of Sir Richard's direct descendants. It is the oldest privately owned bank in the United Kingdom and reputedly the fourth-oldest in continuous operation globally. It is also the second oldest family owned bank in the world after the Berenberg Bank.

C. Hoare & Co. provides private banking services that include loans, mortgages and savings accounts. Over the years, its clients have included Samuel Pepys, John Dryden, Jane Austen and numerous members of the aristocracy; today, they are primarily high-net-worth individuals and families. The bank has two branches in London, 37 Fleet Street and 32 Lowndes Street.
CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award
The Most Outstanding Canadian Award is annually awarded to the best Canadian player in the Canadian Football League. The two nominees for the award are the Lew Hayman Trophy winner from the East Division, and the Dr. Beattie Martin Trophy winner from the West Division. The winner of the award is chosen by the Football Reporters of Canada since 1954. Players born outside Canada may win the award if they become citizens and attain National status.

Lew Hayman Trophy
The Lew Hayman Trophy is a Canadian Football League trophy, awarded to the outstanding Canadian player in the East Division. Each team in the East Division nominates a player, from which the winner is chosen. Either the winner of the Hayman trophy or the Dr. Beattie Martin Trophy will also win the Canadian Football League Most Outstanding Canadian award.

As part of the failed American expansion in 1995, the Hayman trophy was awarded to the Martin Trophy runner-up, as the South Division teams (to which other East Division titles were assigned to that year) did not have an import quota.

The trophy is named after Lew Hayman, former coach and general manager of the Toronto Argonauts and the Montreal Alouettes, as well as a past CFL president.
A Night in London
A Night in London is a live concert video by Mark Knopfler released on VHS tape and Laserdisc in 1996 by PolyGram Music and on DVD in 2003 by Universal Music. The setlist includes songs from Knopfler's first solo album, Golden Heart, along with well-known Dire Straits numbers and film themes composed by the artist. It was officially released to YouTube in April 2024.

Golden Heart
Golden Heart is the debut solo studio album by British singer-songwriter and guitarist Mark Knopfler, released on 25 March 1996 by Vertigo Records internationally and Warner Bros. Records in the United States. Following a successful career leading British rock band Dire Straits and composing a string of critically acclaimed film soundtrack albums, Knopfler recorded his first solo album, drawing upon the various musical influences he had engaged since emerging as a major recording artist in 1978. The album reached the top-10 position on charts in Austria, Belgium, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The album peaked at 105 on the Billboard 200 in the United States.
Serve America Movement
The Serve America Movement (SAM) was a big tent political organization founded in 2017 by Morgan Stanley attorney Eric Grossman. The party achieved its first state party in New York with ballot access, but as of November 4, 2021, it lost its ballot status. Under New York election law, parties must get more than 130,000 votes every two years to maintain ballot access. Party officials said afterward they intended to surpass the state elections vote requirement and use petitions to gain ballot access in other states, in order to contest future elections.

The party contested its first election in the New York gubernatorial election of 2018 with candidate Stephanie A. Miner (SAM), former chairperson of the New York Democratic Party and former mayor of Syracuse. It merged with the Forward Party and the Renew America Movement in 2022.

Stephanie Miner
Stephanie Ann Miner (born April 30, 1970) is an American attorney and politician who served as the mayor of Syracuse, New York, from 2010 to 2018, the first woman to have held that office. Prior to her mayoralty, she was a member of the Syracuse City Council. Miner co-chaired the New York State Democratic Party from 2012 to 2014. In 2018, Miner ran unsuccessfully for governor of New York on the newly-created Serve America Movement line.
Administrative geography of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is divided into 8 divisions and 64 districts, although these have a limited role in public policy. For the purpose of local governance, the country is divided into subdistricts, municipalities (or town councils), city corporations (i.e., metropolitan municipal corporations), and union councils (i.e., rural councils).

The diagram below outlines the five tiers of government in Bangladesh.

Local government in Bangladesh
There are 8 divisions and  64 districts in Bangladesh, each district further subdivided into upazila (lit. 'subdistricts'). The area within each  subdistrict, except for those in metropolitan areas, is divided into several unions, with each union consisting of multiple villages. Direct elections are held for each union (or ward), electing a chairperson and a number of members. In 1997, a parliamentary act was passed to reserve three seats (out of 12) in every union for female candidates. Following elections in the 2014–16 period, 25.2% (14,763/ 58,543) of councillors were women, up from 23.4% in the 2011–13 period.

In Bangladesh, the rural and regional local government have four tiers:

Divisional administration

District administration

Sub-district administration

Rural, Municipal and City councils
Lemi Berhanu Hayle
Lemi Berhanu Hayle, also known as Berhanu Lemi, (Amharic: ለሚ ብርሃኑ ኃይሌ ; born 13 September 1994) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who specialises in the marathon. He competed in the marathon event at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing, China, placing 15th. His personal best of 2:04:33 hours, set in 2015, ranks him in the world's top 15 athletes for the distance (as of 2016). In April 2016, he won the Boston Marathon.

2016 Boston Marathon
The 2016 Boston Marathon was the 120th running of the Boston Athletic Association's mass-participation marathon. It took place on Monday, April 18 (Patriots' Day in Massachusetts). Both of the winners were from Ethiopia: the men's race was won by Lemi Berhanu Hayle in a time of 2:12:45. Atsede Baysa  won the women's race with a time of 2:29:19.
Péronne, Somme
Péronne (French pronunciation: [peʁɔn]) is a commune of the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. It is the former site of the Péronne monastery, founded by the Anglo-Saxon St Erkenwald. Its site became the resting place for St. Fursa, celebrated by the famous English historian Bede. The monastery was popular with Irish monks, among them Cellanus, whose letters to Aldhelm the Bishop of Sherborne survive. So renowned was Péronne for Irish monks that the monastery became known as Perrona Scottorum. The monastery was destroyed in a Viking raid in 880. It is close to where the 1916, first 1918 and second 1918 Battles of the Somme took place during the First World War. The Museum of the Great War (known in French as the Historial de la Grande Guerre) is located in the château.

Saint Fursey
Saint Fursey (also known as Fursa, Fursy, Forseus, and Furseus: died 650) was an Irish monk who did much to establish Christianity throughout the British Isles and particularly in East Anglia. He reportedly experienced angelic visions of the afterlife. Fursey is one of the Four Comely Saints.
Motorized scooter
A motorized scooter is a stand-up scooter powered by either a small internal combustion engine or electric hub motor in its front and/or rear wheel. Classified as a form of micromobility, they are generally designed with a large center deck on which the rider stands. The first motorized scooter was manufactured by Autoped in 1915.

Since 2017 onwards, electric kick scooters (e-scooters) have grown in popularity with the introduction of scooter-sharing systems that use apps to allow users to rent them by the minute; such systems were initially found in the United States and in Queensland, Australia, but now are in major cities and in all the western world.

E-scooter-sharing system
A scooter-sharing system or kicksharing system is a shared transport service in which electric motorized scooters (also referred to as e-scooters) are made available to use for short-term rentals. e-scooters are typically "dockless," meaning that they do not have a fixed home location and are dropped off and picked up from certain locations in the service area.

Scooter-sharing systems work towards providing the public with a fast and convenient mode of transport for last-mile mobility in urban areas. Due to the growing popularity of scooter-sharing, municipal governments have enforced regulations on e-scooters to increase rider and pedestrian safety while avoiding the accrual of visual pollution. Scooter-sharing systems are one of the least expensive and most popular micromobility options.  A similar concept is an electric bicycle sharing system.  Some cities and companies operate both types of systems.
Emigrant Springs
Emigrant Springs, in Lincoln County, Wyoming near Kemmerer, was an important camping ground area of wagon trains on the Emigrant Trail headed for California or Oregon, and is now a historic site listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

It is located on a "main branch" of the Sublette Cutoff of the Emigrant Trail, where the slightly longer but better watered Slate Creek Cutoff rejoins the Sublette Cutoff.  It is named for a spring feeding Emigrant Creek, which empties into Slate Creek.  It is located in a hollow and has also been known as Indian Springs.

The Emigrant Trail splits further west into trails to California vs. to Oregon.  A different Emigrant Springs in Oregon is located on the Oregon Trail.

Significance of this Wyoming site dates to 1843.

The NRHP listing recognizes carvings on rock and gravesites in a 9-acre (3.6 ha) area containing two separate contributing sites.  Emigrant Springs  was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Emigrant Trail in Wyoming
The Emigrant Trail in Wyoming, which is the path followed by Western pioneers using the Oregon, California, and Mormon Trails (collectively referred to as the Emigrant Trails), spans 400 miles (640 km) through the U.S. state of Wyoming. The trail entered from Nebraska on the eastern border of the state near the present day town of Torrington and exited on the western border near the towns of Cokeville and Afton. An estimated 350,000 to 400,000 settlers traveled on the trail through Wyoming between 1841 and 1868. All three trails follow the same path through most of the state. The Mormon Trail splits at Fort Bridger and enters Utah, while the Oregon and California Trails continue to Idaho.
Georgia State Route 23
State Route 23 (SR 23) is a 240.0-mile-long (386.2 km) state highway that travels south-to-north through portions of Charlton, Brantley, Wayne, Long, Tattnall, Candler, Emanuel, Jenkins, and Burke counties in the southeastern and east-central parts of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects the Florida state line, south-southwest of Saint George with the southern part of the Augusta metropolitan area, via Folkston, Nahunta, Jesup, Ludowici, Glennville, Reidsville, Metter, Twin City, and Millen.

SR 23's original segment was from Statesboro to Millen. It was shifted westward and was incrementally extended in both directions to each of its current termini.

Candler County, Georgia
Candler County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,981. The county seat is Metter. The county was founded in 1914 and named for Allen D. Candler, the 56th governor of Georgia.
Orange Line (BART)
The Orange Line is a Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) line in the San Francisco Bay Area that runs between Berryessa/North San José station and Richmond station. It has 21 stations in San Jose, Milpitas, Fremont, Union City, Hayward, San Leandro, Oakland, Berkeley, El Cerrito, and Richmond. It is the only one of the five primary BART services that does not run through the Transbay Tube to San Francisco; however, it shares tracks with the four other primary services in the East Bay.

Berryessa/North San José station
Berryessa/North San José station (also known as Berryessa station and Berryessa Transit Center) is an intermodal transit center located in the Berryessa district of San Jose, California, United States. The station is served by Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) and Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) buses. The transit center opened for bus service on December 28, 2019, and subsequently for BART service on June 13, 2020. The station is the southern terminus of the Orange and Green lines.

The station was built and is owned by VTA, while BART operates train service with funding from VTA. The bus bays and parking garages are operated by VTA. It is the first BART station ever built in San Jose, and service will terminate here until the completion of the downtown San Jose subway (the last phase of the Silicon Valley BART extension).
Buffalo Bayou
Buffalo Bayou is a slow-moving river which flows through Houston in Harris County, Texas. It was formed 18,000 years ago, flowing east for 53 miles (85 km) from Katy, Fort Bend County to the Gulf of Mexico. It flows through and connects many Houston waterways including the Addicks and Barker reservoirs, the Brays Bayou, Carpenters Bayou, Greens Bayou, Sims Bayou, and White Oak Bayou, as well as other natural springs and surface runoff. Additionally, Buffalo Bayou is considered a tidal river downstream of a point 440 yards (400 m) west of the Shepherd Drive bridge in west-central Houston.

As the principal river of Greater Houston, the Buffalo Bayou watershed is heavily urbanized. Its 102-square-mile (260 km2) direct drainage area contains a population of over 440,000. Including tributaries, the bayou has a watershed area of approximately 500 square miles (1,300 km2).

Barker Reservoir
Barker Reservoir is a flood control structure in Houston, Texas which prevents downstream flooding of Buffalo Bayou, the city's principal river. The reservoir operates in conjunction with Addicks Reservoir to the northeast, which impounds Mayde and Bear Creeks, two tributaries of the Buffalo.  Both reservoirs were authorized under the Rivers and Harbors Act of June 20, 1938, which were modified by the Flood Control Acts of August 11, 1938; September 3, 1954; and October 27, 1965.

George Bush Park, operated by Harris County, is located entirely within the reservoir.

Houston annexed the Addicks area in 1972.
Werl pilgrimage
A pilgrimage to a statue of Mary in Werl, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, caused the building of pilgrimage churches there. The first one, completed in 1662, was replaced by a Baroque building completed in 1789, which later became known as the Alte Wallfahrtskirche (Old Pilgrimage Church). When it became too small, an adjacent Wallfahrtsbasilika (Pilgrimage Basilica) was built, dedicated to the Visitation (Mariä Heimsuchung). It was declared a Basilica minor in 1953.

Pilgrimage church
A pilgrimage church (German: Wallfahrtskirche) is a church to which pilgrimages are regularly made, or a church along a pilgrimage route, like the Way of St. James, that is visited by pilgrims.

Pilgrimage churches are often located by the graves of saints, or hold portraits to which miraculous properties are ascribed or saintly relics that are safeguarded by the church for their veneration. Such relics may include the bones, books or pieces of clothing of the saints, occasionally also fragments of the cross of Jesus, pieces of the crown of thorns, the nails with which he was fixed to the cross and other similar objects. Pilgrimage churches were also built at places where miracles took place.