hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Foster (economist)
James Eric Foster (born November 4, 1955) is Professor of Economics and International Affairs at the George Washington University, in the Elliott School of International Affairs, researching welfare economics and poverty measurement. He is known for developing the Alkire Foster Method, with University of Oxford professor and OPHI Director Sabina Alkire. He is a board member for the World Bank.

Institute for International Economic Policy
The Institute for International Economic Policy (abbreviated as IIEP) is a research institution dedicated to the study of global economic governance, based in Washington, DC at the Elliott School of International Affairs of the George Washington University. Notable IIEP members include Sabina Alkire, James Foster, and Jeni Klugman. Partnerships with organizations like the World Bank Group, International Monetary Fund, Internet Society, and The Nature Conservancy have led to academic conferences and policy seminars.
Tympanic nerve
The tympanic nerve (Jacobson's nerve) is a branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve passing through the petrous part of the temporal bone to reach the middle ear. It provides sensory innervation for the middle ear, the Eustachian tube, the parotid gland, and mastoid cells. It also carries parasympathetic fibers destined for the parotid gland.

Parotid gland
The parotid gland is a major salivary gland in many animals. In humans, the two parotid glands are present on either side of the mouth and in front of both ears. They are the largest of the salivary glands. Each parotid is wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and secretes serous saliva through the parotid duct into the mouth, to facilitate mastication and swallowing and to begin the digestion of starches. There are also two other types of salivary glands; they are submandibular and sublingual glands. Sometimes accessory parotid glands are found close to the main parotid glands.

The venom glands of snakes are a modification of the parotid salivary glands.
Dravet Syndrome Foundation
The Dravet Syndrome Foundation (DSF) is a volunteer-run, non-profit organization based in the United States. The mission of the foundation is to raise research funds for Dravet's syndrome and related epilepsies, while providing support to affected individuals and families. The Dravet Syndrome Foundation is listed as a research and support organization on National Organization of Rare Diseases's (NORD)  database.

Dravet syndrome
Dravet syndrome (DS), previously known as severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI), is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder which causes a catastrophic form of epilepsy, with prolonged seizures that are often triggered by hot temperatures or fever. It is very difficult to treat with anticonvulsant medications. It often begins before one year of age, with six months being the age that seizures, char­ac­ter­ized by prolonged convulsions and triggered by fever, usually begin.

Prolonged seizures in the first year of life are the most indicative physical manifestation of DS. DS is diagnosed clinically, and genetic testing is recommended if there is any doubt. Due to drug-refractory epilepsy in DS, many other therapies are being explored to prolong the life expectancy of patients.
Workman–Temple family
The Workman–Temple family relates to the pioneer interconnected Workman and Temple families that were prominent in: the history of colonial Pueblo de Los Angeles and American Los Angeles; the Los Angeles Basin and San Gabriel Valley regions; and Southern California from 1830 to 1930 in Mexican Alta California and the subsequent state of California, United States.

John A. Rowland
John A. Rowland, commonly known in Spanish as Don Juan Rowland, was an American-Mexican settler and ranchero in the San Gabriel Valley of California before it became part of the United States. Born in Maryland, Rowland moved west with his family to Ohio. As a young man, he immigrated to the Mexican territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. There he became a naturalized Mexican citizen and married María Encarnación Martínez, his first wife. (She lived to 1851, after which he married again.)

They moved with their children in the 1840s to Alta California, where he became a prominent landowner and businessmen. Many of their ten children married into other Californio families. One son discovered oil on his land and became president of an oil company in 1885. Rowland Heights, California is named for John A. Rowland, as are some area schools. The John A. Rowland House, the oldest brick house in Southern California, has been preserved in the City of Industry.
Mathurin Rodier
Mathurin Rodier or Mathelin Rodier was a French architect born around 1410 and died around 1484. He was the architect of the Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul of Nantes Cathedral for at least 36 years, starting no later than 1444 and ending no earlier than 1480.

Nantes Cathedral
Nantes Cathedral, or the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul of Nantes (French: Cathédrale Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul de Nantes), is a Roman Catholic Gothic cathedral located in Nantes, Pays de la Loire, France. Construction began in 1434, on the site of a Romanesque cathedral, and took 457 years to finish in 1891. It has been listed since 1862 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.
Casualty series 33
The thirty-third series of the British medical drama television series Casualty commenced airing in the United Kingdom on BBC One on 11 August 2018, one week after the end of the previous series and finished on 10 August 2019. The series consisted of 46 episodes. Lucy Raffety continued her role as series producer, while Simon Harper continued his role as the show's executive producer.

Sixteen regular cast members reprised their roles from the previous series. The series, which was billed as "The Year of the Paramedic", begins with a motorway collision stunt sequence, and features a crossover episode with spin-off series, Holby City. This series featured the departures of six cast members, including Amanda Mealing as Connie Beauchamp, Azuka Oforka as Louise Tyler and Chelsea Halfpenny as Alicia Munroe. Four new regular cast members also joined the series, while two actors began appearing in a recurring capacity.

Characters of Casualty
Casualty is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC1. The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin. It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show Holby City. Casualty follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General. It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with ten main characters in its first series, including the longest-serving character Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson). They have all since left the series. Many main characters have been written in and out of the series since. In addition, Casualty features guest stars each week, as well as recurring guests that take part in story arcs that span a portion of a series or multiple series.
Tennessee State Route 381
State Route 381 (SR 381) is a state highway in Johnson City, Washington County, Tennessee. It serves as a bypass of Downtown on the north, west and south sides of the city. The route is also a retail corridor, lined with stores, restaurants and hotels.

Washington County, Tennessee
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 133,001. Its county seat is Jonesborough. The county's largest city and a regional educational, medical and commercial center is Johnson City. Washington County is Tennessee's oldest county, having been established in 1777 when the state was still part of North Carolina. Washington County is part of the Johnson City, TN Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area, commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.
Naomi Hartley
Naomi Hartley (born 12 January 2001) is an English footballer who plays as a defender for Burnley. She previously played for Sheffield United, Manchester United, Coventry United, and spent time in the youth ranks of Burnley, Blackburn Rovers, Liverpool. She has been capped for England at youth level. She is openly lesbian and worked alongside the Community Foundation's Empower LGBT+ programme in 2022.

Manchester United W.F.C.
Manchester United Women Football Club is a professional football club based in Leigh, Greater Manchester, England, that competes in the Women's Super League (WSL), the top tier of English women's football, after gaining promotion from the Championship at the end of the 2018–19 season. They won their first major honour when they lifted the 2023–24 Women's FA Cup, a season which also saw the team make their UEFA Women's Champions League debut.
Glenrothes F.C.
Glenrothes Football Club is a Scottish football club based in the new town of Glenrothes, Fife. The club play home games at Warout Stadium, and currently compete in the East of Scotland League Premier Division, having moved from the junior leagues in 2019. Their strip colours are red with white trim.

East of Scotland Football League
The East of Scotland Football League (EoSFL) is a senior football league based in the east and south-east of Scotland. The league sits at levels 6–9 on the Scottish football league system, acting as a feeder to the Lowland Football League.

Founded in 1923, it is currently composed of 59 member clubs competing in four divisions. Traditionally clubs were located in Edinburgh, Lothians and the Scottish Borders however in the 2010s the league expanded north and now also includes clubs from Clackmannanshire, Falkirk, Fife, Stirling, and Perth.

Since 2014–15 it has featured in the senior pyramid system. The winners take part in an end of season promotion play-off with the South of Scotland Football League and West of Scotland Football League champions, subject to clubs meeting the required licensing criteria.
Nick Cassidy
Nicholas Robert Cassidy (born 19 August 1994) is a New Zealand racing driver, who competes in the Formula E World Championship for the Citroën Formula E Team and in the FIA World Endurance Championship for Peugeot in the Hypercar class. He previously raced for Jaguar and Envision Racing  in the series for three seasons, and finished as the runner-up during the 2022–23 and 2024-25 seasons. He has won the 2017 championship in Super GT and the 2019 championship in Super Formula.

2024–25 Formula E World Championship
The 2024–25 ABB FIA Formula E World Championship was the eleventh season of the FIA Formula E championship, a motor racing championship for electrically powered vehicles recognised by motorsport's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), as the highest class of competition for electric open-wheel racing cars.

Oliver Rowland, driving for the Nissan Formula E Team, won his first World Drivers' Championship with two races to spare at the Berlin ePrix. TAG Heuer Porsche Formula E Team won the Teams' Championship for the first time in their history at the final race of the season, with Porsche also winning the Manufacturers' Championship.
Manningham F.C.
Manningham was an English rugby league football club based in Manningham, Bradford, the first champions of the Rugby Football League (then known as the Northern Rugby Football Union) in its first season. After seven seasons of rugby league, the club switched codes to Association football in 1903, becoming Bradford City Association Football Club.

Rugby Football League
The Rugby Football League (RFL) is the governing body for rugby league in England. Founded in 1895 as the Northern Rugby Football Union following 22 clubs resigning from the Rugby Football Union, it changed its name in 1922 to the Rugby Football League.

Based at Sportcity in Manchester, it is responsible for organising professional competitions and, in association with the British Amateur Rugby League Association (BARLA), the community game. It also provides match officials for every level as well as administering the England national team

The Rugby Football League has been a member of the International Rugby League (IRL) since 1948 and European Rugby League (ERL) since its foundation in 2003.
Syd Reynolds
Syd "Professor" Reynolds was an offensive end in the Ontario Rugby Football Union.

A graduate of McMaster University, he joined the Toronto Balmy Beach Beachers in 1930, their last Grey Cup championship season. Over the next 9 years he was an all-star 5 times and won the Imperial Oil Trophy as MVP in the ORFU in 1936. He played 2 more seasons with the Beachers, 1940 and 1945.

Ontario Rugby Football Union
The Ontario Rugby Football Union (ORFU) was an early amateur Canadian football league comprising teams in the Canadian province of Ontario. The ORFU was founded on Saturday, January 6, 1883, and in 1903 it became the first major competition to adopt the Burnside rules, from which the modern Canadian football code would evolve. The ORFU converted from a senior level to an intermediate level league after 1960, and had ceased to exist by 1974. The ORFU operated a league competition for junior teams, from 1890 to 1970.
Flisa
Flisa is the administrative centre of Åsnes Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village lies at the confluence of the rivers Flisa and Glomma. The Norwegian National Road 2 and the Solørbanen railway line both pass through the village. The village of Kjellmyra is located about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the south, the village of Sønsterud is about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the northeast, and the village of Gjesåsen is about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the north. Åsnes Church is located on the west side of the village of Flisa.

The 1.88-square-kilometre (460-acre) village has a population (2024) of 1,771 and a population density of 942 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,440/sq mi). Despite its low population, Flisa is a commercial centre and it has a variety of diverse shops that are located along the town's main street, Kaffegata (English: Coffee Street).

Åsnes Municipality
Åsnes is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Solør. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Flisa, which is also the largest village in the municipality with nearly 1,800 people. Other villages in the municipality include Gjesåsen, Hof, Sønsterud, and Kjellmyra.

The 1,041-square-kilometre (402 sq mi) municipality is the 108th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Åsnes Municipality is the 141st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 7,247. The municipality's population density is 7 inhabitants per square kilometre (18/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 2.7% over the previous 10-year period.
Coal Exchange, London
The London Coal Exchange was situated on the north side of Thames Street in the City of London, nearly opposite to Old Billingsgate Market, occupying three different structures from 1770 to 1962.  The original coal exchange opened in 1770.  A second building from 1805 was replaced by a new purpose-built structure constructed from 1847 to 1849, and opened by Prince Albert on 30 October 1849.  This third London coal exchange was one of the first substantial buildings constructed from cast iron, built several years before the hall at the Great Exhibition.  It was demolished in 1962 to allow widening of what is now Lower Thames Street despite a campaign by the Victorian Society to save the building.  Cast iron decorations from the 1849 Coal Exchange building were selected as the model for the dragon boundary mark for the main entrances to the City of London.

Thames Street, London
Thames Street, divided into Lower and Upper Thames Street, is a road in the City of London, the historic and financial centre of London. It forms part of the busy A3211 route (prior to being rebuilt as a major thoroughfare in the late 1960s, it was the B132) from Tower Hill to Westminster. The London Bridge underpass marks the divide between Upper and Lower Thames Street, with Lower to the east and Upper to the west.
Works and Days
Works and Days (Ancient Greek: Ἔργα καὶ Ἡμέραι, romanized: Érga kaì Hēmérai) is a didactic poem written by ancient Greek poet Hesiod around 700 BC. It is in dactylic hexameter and contains 828 lines. At its center, the Works and Days is a farmer's almanac in which Hesiod instructs his brother Perses in the agricultural arts.

Scholars have seen this work against a background of agrarian crisis in mainland Greece, which inspired a wave of colonial expeditions in search of new land. In the poem, Hesiod also offers his brother extensive moralizing advice on how he should live his life. Works and Days is perhaps best known for its two mythological aetiologies for the toil and pain that define the human condition—the story of Prometheus and Pandora, and the so-called Myth of Five Ages.

Pandora
In Greek mythology, Pandora was the first human woman created by Hephaestus on the instructions of Zeus. As Hesiod related it, each god cooperated by giving her unique gifts. Her other name—inscribed against her figure on a white-ground kylix in the British Museum—is Anesidora.

The Pandora myth is a kind of theodicy, addressing the question of why there is evil in the world, according to which, Pandora opened a jar (pithos; commonly referred to as "Pandora's box") releasing all the evils of humanity. It has been argued that Hesiod's interpretation of Pandora's story went on to influence both Jewish and Christian theology and so perpetuated her bad reputation into the Renaissance. Later poets, dramatists, painters and sculptors made her their subject.
E.A. — Extraordinary Accident
E.A. — Extraordinary Accident (Russian: «Ч.П. — Чрезвычайное происшествие», romanized: Ch.P. - Chrezvychainoe proisshestvie) is a 1958 Soviet crime action film directed by Viktor Ivchenko. It was the box office leader of 1959 in the Soviet Union, having had more than 47 million viewers. The film is based on real events of the capture of the Soviet tanker "Tuapse" on 23 June 1954.

Capture of the Tuapse
The capture of the tanker Tuapse occurred on 23 June 1954, when a civilian Soviet ship was captured and confiscated by the Republic of China Navy in the high seas near the Philippines and the sailors were detained in Taiwan for various periods with three deaths, until the last four were released in 1988.
Live – På ren svenska
Live – På ren svenska is the second live album, and the fourteenth album overall, by the Swedish hard rock band Jerusalem, released in 1999. It was Jerusalem's first Swedish-only album. It was recorded on the 1997 "Korståget" tour in Scandinavia, the first tour with this line-up since 1981.

Jerusalem (Swedish band)
Jerusalem is a Swedish Christian rock and Christian metal band exemplary of an early hard rock and heavy metal band to discuss Christianity and religious faith in its lyrics. Ulf Christiansson formed the group in 1975 with an  expressly evangelistic purpose, with lyrics describing the band's relationship to God in an ordinary, yet radical, way. Their concerts have been described as a series of revival meetings which often included altar calls and occasionally exorcisms.
Ed Gaughan
Ed Gaughan is an English actor, director, comedian, voice actor and jazz musician. He is best known for his starring role in the BAFTA-nominated 2010 film Skeletons and for voicing Baron von Greenback in Danger Mouse and Q Pootle 5 in Q Pootle 5.

Skeletons (film)
Skeletons is a 2010 British pastoral science fiction film directed by Nick Whitfield, starring Ed Gaughan, Andrew Buckley, and Jason Isaacs.  It was nominated for 'Outstanding Debut by a British Director' at the 64th British Academy Film Awards. Skeletons was the winner of the "Best new British feature film" award at the 2010 Edinburgh International Film Festival. The plot surrounds two psychic exorcists who travel Britain providing a service to their customers of revealing couples' hidden secrets.
C/2004 Q1 (Tucker)
Comet Tucker, formally designated as C/2004 Q1, is a faint non-periodic comet that had a very distant perihelion on 11 December 2004. It was the second of two comets discovered by famed amateur astronomer, Roy A. Tucker.

Roy A. Tucker
Roy Anthony Tucker (December 11, 1951 – March 5, 2021) was an American astronomer best known for the co-discovery of near-Earth asteroid 99942 Apophis (formerly known as 2004 MN4) along with David J. Tholen and Fabrizio Bernardi of the University of Hawaiʻi. He was a prolific discoverer of minor planets, credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 702 numbered minor planets between 1996 and 2010. He also discovered two comets: 328P/LONEOS–Tucker and C/2004 Q1, a Jupiter-family and near-parabolic comet, respectively.
BLS AG
BLS AG is a Swiss railway company created by the 2006 (2006) merger of BLS Lötschbergbahn and Regionalverkehr Mittelland AG. Its ownership is divided, with 55.8% of it owned by the canton of Berne, and 21.7% by the Swiss Confederation. It has two main business fields: passenger traffic and infrastructure.

BLS has a subsidiary—BLS Cargo—which is responsible for all freight operations. BLS Cargo works in cooperation with the freight subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn, Railion. However, the staff, apart from management and sales, is employed by BLS AG. Part of the BLS locomotive fleet is owned by BLS Cargo.

Another subsidiary, BLS Fernverkehr AG, is responsible for long-distance passenger transport. BLS Fernverkehr AG is wholly owned by BLS AG.

Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon-Bahn
The Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon-Bahn (BLS), known between 1997 and 2006 as the BLS Lötschbergbahn, was a Swiss railway company. In 2006 the company merged with Regionalverkehr Mittelland AG to form a new company called BLS AG.

BLS owned the largest standard gauge network on the Swiss Railway system apart from the Swiss Federal Railways. The railway had not been built at the time that the Federal government took control of the five big Swiss standard gauge railway companies in 1902 and so it led a separate existence, being considered the largest of the Swiss "private" railways, although the majority of its capital was owned by the cantonal government of Bern, with the Confederation holding about one fifth.
J. B. Chapman
James Blaine "J. B." Chapman (1884–1947) was an American minister, academic administrator, and newspaper editor. He served as the president of Arkansas Holiness and Peniel College, editor of the Herald of Holiness, and general superintendent in the Church of the Nazarene.

Church of the Nazarene
The Church of the Nazarene is an evangelical Christian denomination that emerged in North America from the Wesleyan-Holiness movement within Methodism during the late 19th century.

The denomination has its headquarters in Lenexa, Kansas. and its members are commonly referred to as Nazarenes. It is the largest denomination in the world aligned with the Wesleyan-Holiness movement, with just under 3 million members worldwide. The Church of the Nazarene is a member denomination of the World Methodist Council. The denomination is known for its emphasis on the doctrine of sanctification.