hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Orbital railways in London
Orbital railways in London have existed since 1884, with the completion of the Circle Line jointly operated by the Metropolitan Railway and District Railway. Several other circular railways existed but were short-lived, including the Middle Circle and Super Outer Circle. The most recent orbital railway was completed in 2012, served by the London Overground's Windrush and Mildmay lines, combining the North, East, South and West London lines at Clapham Junction and Highbury & Islington to form a somewhat circular route.

London Overground
The London Overground  (also known simply as the Overground) is a suburban rail network serving London and its environs. Established in 2007 to take over Silverlink Metro routes, it now serves a large part of Greater London as well as Hertfordshire, with 113 stations on the six lines that make up the network.

The Overground forms part of the United Kingdom's National Rail network but it is under the concession control and branding of Transport for London (TfL). Operation has been contracted to Arriva Rail London since 2016. TfL previously assigned orange as a mode-specific colour for the Overground in branding and publicity including the roundel, on the Tube map, trains and stations.

In 2024, each of the six Overground lines was given a distinct colour and name: Lioness (yellow), Mildmay (blue), Windrush (red), Weaver (purple), Suffragette (green), and Liberty (grey).
Cameo (band)
Cameo is an American funk band that formed in 1974. Cameo was initially a 14-member group known as the New York City Players; this name was later changed to Cameo. The group is best known for the title track and "Candy" from its 1986 album Word Up!

As of the first half of 2009, some of the original members continued to perform together. Two other original members were hired by the hip hop group Outkast. In 2015, Cameo announced a new residency show at the Westgate Las Vegas Resort & Casino, opening in March 2016. On February 20, 2019, Larry Blackmon of Cameo announced "El Passo", the first new single from the band in 19 years.

Word Up! (album)
Word Up! is the 13th studio album by American funk group Cameo, released in 1986. The album reached number 1 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, number 8 on the Billboard Pop Albums chart, and was certified Platinum by the RIAA for sales of over 1 million copies. It took Cameo to their highest level of popularity, and solidified them as one of the most successful bands of the 1980s. The album includes three of their biggest hit singles, "Word Up!", "Candy", and "Back and Forth".
Mumford–Shah functional
The Mumford–Shah functional is a functional that is used to establish an optimality criterion for segmenting an image into sub-regions. An image is modeled as a piecewise-smooth function. The functional penalizes the distance between the model and the input image, the lack of smoothness of the model within the sub-regions, and the length of the boundaries of the sub-regions. By minimizing the functional one may compute the best image segmentation. The functional was proposed by mathematicians David Mumford and Jayant Shah in 1989.

David Mumford
David Bryant Mumford (born 11 June 1937) is an American mathematician known for his work in algebraic geometry and then for research into vision and pattern theory. He won the Fields Medal and was a MacArthur Fellow. In 2010 he was awarded the National Medal of Science. He is currently a University Professor Emeritus in the Division of Applied Mathematics at Brown University.
Professional Bowlers Association
The Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) is the major sanctioning body for the sport of professional ten-pin bowling in the United States. Headquartered in Mechanicsville, Virginia, and owned by the Lucky Strike Entertainment Corporation since 2019, the PBA's membership consists of over 3,000 members worldwide. The membership primarily consists of bowling players at multiple levels (PBA Regional Tour, PBA Tour, PBA50 Tour, international PBA tours), and also includes some "pro shop" owners and workers and teaching professionals.

The PBA is currently led by CEO Peter Murray and Commissioner Tom Clark.

PBA Regional Tour
The PBA Regional Tour is a series of "mini tours", run by the Professional Bowlers Association, spanning across seven regions within the United States. The Tour allows PBA members and qualifying non-member amateurs to compete in weekend events. The Tour consists of seven regions: Central, East, Midwest, Northwest, South, Southwest, and West.
Music programs of South Korea
Music programs of South Korea are broadcast weekly, with different artists performing on the shows to promote their music.

South Korea's largest broadcasting companies each have their own show, which are broadcast on different channels. SBS has Inkigayo, KBS has Music Bank, MBC has Show! Music Core, Mnet has M Countdown and MBC M has Show Champion.

Show! Music Core
Show! Music Core (Korean: 쇼! 음악중심; RR: Syo! Eumakjungsim), or simply Music Core is a South Korean music television program broadcast by MBC. It airs live every Saturday at 15:30 (KST). The show features some of the latest and most popular artists who perform live on stage. It is broadcast from MBC Dream Center in Goyang, Gyeonggi Province.
Mokulele Airlines
Mokulele Airlines is a regional airline operating in Hawaii. The airline operates scheduled inter-island and charter flights, primarily between smaller airports and its hubs at Kahului Airport on the island of Maui and Daniel K. Inouye International Airport in Honolulu on the island of Oahu. The airline was acquired by Southern Airways Express in 2019 but continues to operate under its own brand. Both Southern Airways and Mokulele Airlines are subsidiaries of Surf Air Mobility, which purchased Southern in 2023.

Mokulele is the Hawaiian language word for aircraft, which was made by combining the words moku meaning island and lele meaning leap or hop, which also reflects the island hopper service offered by the company.

Southern Airways Express
Southern Airways Express is a commuter airline operating across the United States with headquarters in Addison, Texas. The majority of Southern's routes are subsidized through the Essential Air Service program by the United States Department of Transportation.

Southern Airways Express is a subsidiary of Surf Air Mobility.
Jaisang Depa
Jaisang Depa (jaisang sde pa) was born as Trinle Gyatso ('phrin las rgya mtsho) in the Ü province of Tibet around the beginning of the seventeenth century. He was also known as Drongmene (grong smad nas) meaning the person from Drongme (grong smad) village. A monk of the Geluk tradition, he served as Personal Assistant to Lobzang Gyatso, the Fifth Dalai Lama (blo bzang rgya mtsho) from 1632 to 1660. In 1660 he was appointed as Regent, de facto Ruler of Tibet, by Lobzang Gyatso, who renamed him at that point as Trinle Gyatso. In this post he succeeded Depa Norbu (sde pa nor bu) (r. 1659-1660) and retained it until his death in 1668. He was the Fifth Dalai Lama's third Regent out of a total of six and was succeeded by Lobzang Tutop (blo bzang mthu stobs).

Depa Norbu
Norbu (Wylie: nor bu), with the later title of Depa (sde pa) and also known as Nangso Norbu (nang so nor bu), was a Tibetan government official born in the Central Tibetan province of Ü around the end of the 16th century. In 1644 he was appointed Governor of Shigatse, a post he held until 1659 when he succeeded his elder brother, Desi Sonam Rapten as de facto ruler of Tibet on behalf of Lobzang Gyatso, the Fifth Dalai Lama. After a brief reign he rebelled unsuccessfully against the latter and was banished. His last recorded activity was in 1660.
Nanhsiungoolithus
Nanhsiungoolithus is an oogenus (fossil-egg genus) of dinosaur egg from the late Cretaceous of China. It belongs to the oofamily Elongatoolithidae, which means that it was probably laid by an oviraptorosaur, though so far no skeletal remains have been discovered in association with Nanhsiungoolithus. The oogenus contains only a single described oospecies, N. chuetienensis. It is fairly rare, only being known from two partially preserved nests and a few eggshell fragments.

Egg fossil
Egg fossils or oofossils are the fossilized remains of eggs laid by ancient animals. As evidence of the physiological processes of an animal, egg fossils are considered a type of trace fossil. Under rare circumstances a fossil egg may preserve the remains of the once-developing embryo inside, in which case it also contains body fossils. A wide variety of different animal groups laid eggs that are now preserved in the fossil record beginning in the Paleozoic. Examples include invertebrates like ammonoids as well as vertebrates like fishes, possible amphibians, and reptiles. The latter group includes the many dinosaur eggs that have been recovered from Mesozoic strata. Since the organism responsible for laying any given egg fossil is frequently unknown, scientists classify eggs using a parallel system of taxonomy separate from but modeled after the Linnaean system. This "parataxonomy" is called veterovata.
Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle
Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle is an American animated series created by the Filmation studio for Saturday mornings on CBS, starting in 1976. This was the first animated series about the jungle hero. There are 36 episodes produced over four seasons.

The Tarzan/Lone Ranger Adventure Hour
The Tarzan/Lone Ranger Adventure Hour is an American animated television series produced by Filmation that aired on CBS during the early 1980s.

The series consisted of reruns of Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle paired with new episodes of Filmation's versions of The Lone Ranger and, in the second season, The New Adventures of Zorro, at which point the series was retitled The Tarzan/Lone Ranger/Zorro Adventure Hour. The series ran from 1980 to 1982.

Don Diamond who voiced Sergeant Gonzales in this animated series previously portrayed Corporal Reyes in Disney's 1950s live-action series of Zorro.
WHTP (AM)
WHTP (1280 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Gardiner, Maine, United States. It serves the Lewiston-Auburn and Augusta metropolitan areas. The station is owned by MaineInvests LLC. It airs a rhythmic contemporary format, branded as Hot Radio Maine, simulcast with WHTP-FM 104.7 in Kennebunkport and WHZP (1400 AM) in Veazie.

WHTP’s daytime power is 250 watts, using a non-directional antenna. At night, to avoid interfering with other stations on AM 1280, it reduces power to 40 watts. The transmitter is located off Northern Avenue in Farmingdale, near the Maine Turnpike. WHTP is also simulcast on an FM translator station, 100.3 W262DP in Gardiner.

WABK-FM
WABK-FM (104.3 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station licensed to Gardiner, Maine, and serving Augusta and Central Maine.  It airs a classic hits radio format.   WABK-FM is part of a three-way simulcast with WBAK (104.7 FM) in Belfast and WBKA (107.7 FM) in Bar Harbor.  They are owned by Blueberry Broadcasting with studios and offices on Target Industrial Circle in Bangor.

WABK-FM has an effective radiated power of 50,000 watts.  Its transmitter is off Winthrop Street in Hallowell.
Ikem Ekwonu
Ikemefuna Patrick "Ickey" Ekwonu (born October 31, 2000) is an American professional football offensive tackle for the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL). Of Nigerian descent, he played college football for the NC State Wolfpack, earning  unanimous All-American honors and winning the Jacobs Blocking Trophy as the best blocker in the Atlantic Coast Conference in 2021. Ekwonu was selected sixth overall by the Carolina Panthers in the 2022 NFL draft.

NC State Wolfpack football
The NC State Wolfpack football team represents North Carolina State University in the sport of American football. The Wolfpack competes in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). Prior to joining the ACC in 1953, the Wolfpack were a member of the Southern Conference. As a founding member of the ACC, the Wolfpack has won seven conference championships and participated in 34 bowl games, of which the team has won 17. NC State is coached by Dave Doeren.

Since 1966, the Wolfpack has played its home games at Carter–Finley Stadium, the largest college football stadium in North Carolina. On September 16, 2010, NC State restored the tradition of having a live mascot on the field.  A wolf-like Tamaskan Dog named
"Tuffy" was on the sidelines for the Cincinnati game that day in Raleigh and Tuffy has not missed a Wolfpack football game in Carter–Finley Stadium since.
Northbridge, Massachusetts
Northbridge is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 16,335 at the 2020 census.  The Northbridge Town Hall is located at 7 Main Street in Whitinsville. The town is now a part of the Blackstone River Valley National Heritage Corridor, of the National Park Service. Northbridge claims to history include: Native American Nipmuc lands, Colonel John Spring, who led the Uxbridge militia training company in the American Revolution, Samuel Spring, Revolutionary War Chaplain, the Residence of Ezra T. Benson 1830–1832, the birthplace of President Millard Fillmore's mother, Phoebe, and home to the Whitin Machine Works from 1831 to 1964.

For geographic and demographic information on the village of Whitinsville, please see the article Whitinsville, Massachusetts.

Whitinsville, Massachusetts
Whitinsville is an unincorporated village within the town of Northbridge in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Whitinsville is a census-designated place (CDP) and its population was 6,750 at the 2020 census. Whitinsville is pronounced as if it were spelled "White-ins-ville." It was founded by the Whitin family, after whom it is also named. It is a post office jurisdiction, with a ZIP Code of 01588. It is located on the Mumford River, a tributary of the Blackstone River.

Whitinsville has been designated as a mill village of national historic significance to America's earliest industrialization, and is one of only four villages selected by the John H. Chaffee Blackstone River Valley National Historic Corridor Commission to receive this designation. Hopedale is the only other Massachusetts mill village to achieve this designation by the corridor commission.
HMAS Ovens
HMAS Ovens (S 70) is an Oberon-class submarine, formerly of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). She was one of six Oberons built for the Royal Australian Navy by the Scottish Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, and entered service in 1969. The vessel was named for Irishman and Australian explorer John Ovens (1788–1825) and for whom the Victorian river Ovens was named. During her career, Ovens was the first RAN submarine to deploy with the ANZUK force, and the first RAN submarine to fire an armed Mark 48 torpedo, sinking the target ship Colac. The boat was decommissioned in 1995, and is preserved at the Western Australian Maritime Museum as a museum ship.

HMAS Colac
HMAS Colac (J242/M05), named for the town of Colac, Victoria, was one of 60 Bathurst-class corvettes constructed during World War II, and one of 36 initially manned and commissioned solely by the Royal Australian Navy (RAN).
Verney family of Middle Claydon
The Verney family purchased the manor of Middle Claydon in Buckinghamshire, England, in the 1460s and still resides there today at the manor house known as Claydon House. This family had been seated previously at Fleetmarston in Buckinghamshire then at Pendley in Hertfordshire. It is not to be confused with the unrelated but also ancient and prominent Verney family of Compton Verney in Warwickshire.

Claydon House
Claydon House is a country house in the Aylesbury Vale, Buckinghamshire, England, near the village of Middle Claydon. It was built between 1757 and 1771 and is now owned by the National Trust.

The house is a listed Grade I on the National Heritage List for England, and its gardens are listed Grade II on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.
Tito Jackson
Toriano Adaryll "Tito" Jackson (October 15, 1953 – September 15, 2024) was an American musician. He was a founding member of the Jackson 5 (later known as the Jacksons), a group who rose to fame in the late 1960s and 1970s with the Motown label and had continued success on the Epic label in the late 1970s and 1980s.

Tito and Jackie Jackson were the most consistently present members of the Jacksons, with Jermaine, Marlon, Michael, and Randy leaving at different times. After the end of the Victory Tour, Jackson performed session work and as a record producer. In 2001, Jackson reunited with his brothers on Michael Jackson's 30th anniversary concert special at Madison Square Garden.

Jackson began a solo career in 2003 performing as a blues musician. He was nominated for a Grammy Award three times, and was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Jacksons.

Randy Jackson (Jacksons singer)
Steven Randall Jackson (born October 29, 1961) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, and dancer. He is the ninth child in the Jackson family. Randy is the youngest Jackson brother and the second-youngest Jackson sibling before his sister Janet. Randy is a former member of his family band the Jacksons, which he joined after his brother Jermaine left the group (then named the Jackson 5). He was nominated for a Grammy Award for his work on the 1980 studio album Triumph.
Photometry (optics)
Photometry is a branch of optics that deals with measuring light in terms of its perceived brightness to the human eye. It is concerned with quantifying the amount of light that is emitted, reflected, transmitted, or received by an object or a system.

Photometric quantities (e.g., luminous flux) are related to their radiometric analogs (e.g., radiant flux) through standardized luminous efficiency functions that model the spectral sensitivity of the human visual system. Typically, this wavelength-dependent weighting function is the photopic sensitivity function, although the scotopic function or other functions may also be applied in the same way. The weightings are standardized by the CIE and ISO.

Photometry is a branch of radiometry. Radiometric quantities are not limited to light (i.e., cover other kinds of optical radiation and are sometimes extended to other kinds of electromagnetic radiation) and are not spectrally weighted.

Luminous flux
In photometry, luminous flux or luminous power is the measure of the perceived power of light. It differs from radiant flux, the measure of the total power of electromagnetic radiation (including infrared, ultraviolet, and visible light), in that luminous flux is adjusted to reflect the varying sensitivity of the human eye to different wavelengths of light.
Claude Massop
Claude Massop (12 May  1947 – 4 February 1979) was the leader and strongman of the Phoenix Gang, later renamed the Shower Posse, belonging to Tivoli Gardens, Wellington Street, Rema, Denham Town and the surrounding areas of West Kingston, Jamaica.

Shower Posse
The Shower Posse is a Jamaican gang, started by Lester Lloyd Coke, which is involved in drug and arms smuggling. Its home is in Tivoli Gardens in Jamaica. It has several North American branches. The North American branches were first founded by Vivian Blake in the Canadian city of Toronto, Ontario. The gang operates in expatriate Jamaican communities in the US states of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and the city of Miami, Florida.
DNA replication factor CDT1
CDT1 (Chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDT1 gene. It is a licensing factor that functions to limit DNA from replicating more than once per cell cycle.

Licensing factor
A licensing factor is a protein or complex of proteins that allows an origin of replication to begin DNA replication at that site. Licensing factors primarily occur in eukaryotic cells, since bacteria use simpler systems to initiate replication. However, many archaea use homologues of eukaryotic licensing factors to initiate replication.
Johannes van der Corput
Johannes Gaultherus van der Corput (4 September 1890 – 13 September 1975) was a Dutch mathematician, working in the field of analytic number theory.

He was appointed professor at the University of Fribourg (Switzerland) in 1922, at the University of Groningen in 1923,
and at the University of Amsterdam in 1946. He was one of the founders of the Mathematisch Centrum in Amsterdam, of which he also was the first director. From 1953 on, Van der Corput worked in the United States at the University of California, Berkeley, and the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Van der Corput introduced the Van der Corput lemma, a technique for creating an upper bound on the measure of a set drawn from harmonic analysis, and the Van der Corput theorem on equidistribution modulo 1.

He became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1929, and foreign member in 1953. He was a Plenary Speaker of the ICM in 1936 in Oslo.

Van der Corput lemma (harmonic analysis)
In mathematics, in the field of harmonic analysis,
the van der Corput lemma is an estimate for oscillatory integrals
named after the Dutch mathematician J. G. van der Corput.

The following result is stated by E. Stein:

Suppose that a real-valued function  is smooth in an open interval ,
and that  for all .
Assume that either , or that
 and  is monotone for .
Then there is a constant , which does not depend on ,
such that

for any .
Thyme
Thyme (/taɪm/) is a culinary herb consisting of the dried aerial parts of some members of the genus Thymus of flowering plants in the mint family Lamiaceae. Thymes are native to Eurasia and north Africa. Thymes have culinary, medicinal, and ornamental uses. The species most commonly cultivated and used for culinary purposes is Thymus vulgaris, native to Southeast Europe.

Thymus serpyllum
Thymus serpyllum, known by the common names of Breckland thyme, Breckland wild thyme, wild thyme, creeping thyme, or elfin thyme, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is a low, usually prostrate subshrub forming creeping stems up to 10 cm (4 in) tall. The oval evergreen leaves are up to 8 mm. The strongly scented flowers are either lilac, pink-purple, magenta, up to 6 mm long and produced in clusters.

The species is native to most of Europe and North Africa. The hardy plant tolerates some pedestrian traffic and produces odors ranging from heavily herbal to lightly lemon, depending on the variety.
Sturge Park
Sturge Park was a cricket ground located on five acres of land adjacent to Plymouth, Montserrat. The ground, used by the Montserrat cricket team and infrequently by the Leeward Islands cricket team, was destroyed in the Soufrière Hills volcanic eruption of 1997. A replacement ground, the Salem Oval, was opened in 2000 on the north of the island.

Montserrat national cricket team
The Montserrat national cricket team is the representative cricket team of the British Overseas Territory of Montserrat. The team is not a member of the International Cricket Council, but the Montserrat Cricket Association is a member of the Leeward Islands Cricket Association, which itself is a member association of the West Indies Cricket Board, and players from Montserrat generally represent the Leeward Islands cricket team at domestic level and the West Indies at international level. Montserrat has however played as a separate entity in matches which held Twenty20 status, but has not appeared in first-class or List A cricket. The team was previously coached by Abdiel Hughes, who was appointed in April 2012. Their former captain was McPherson Meade.