hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ii Naomasa
Ii Naomasa (井伊 直政; March 4, 1561 – March 24, 1602) was a Japanese  samurai general and daimyo under the Sengoku period daimyō, and later shōgun, Tokugawa Ieyasu. He led the clan after the death of Ii Naotora. He married Tobai-in, Matsudaira Yasuchika's daughter and adopted daughter of Tokugawa Ieyasu.

Ii Naomasa joined the ranks of the Tokugawa clan in the mid-1570s, rising swiftly through the ranks and became particularly famous after the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute, as he is recognized as one of the Four Guardians of the Tokugawa along with Honda Tadakatsu, Sakakibara Yasumasa, and Sakai Tadatsugu. Ii Naomasa then eventually became the master of a sizable holding in Ōmi Province, following the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600.

His office in the Imperial Japan ministries was Hyōbu-daifū.

Ii Naomasa was also notable for his command over elite troops  Red Guards (赤備え) (akazonae) that formerly served the Takeda clan.

Ii Naotora
Ii Naotora (井伊 直虎, d. 12 September 1582) was a daimyō of the Sengoku period and head of the Ii clan, a feudal samurai clan of medieval Japan.

There are two theories regarding Naotora's identity:

The classical theory from Edo period stated Naotora was Jirō Hōshi daughter of Ii Naomori, the eighteenth head of their clan. She was primarily the head of Ii clan and retainer of the Imagawa clan, and because of her efforts, Ii Naotora became a daimyō and received the nickname "Female Jitō" (女地頭). This theory is the most popular and accepted, as several other women became clan leaders during the Sengoku period.

The second theory was that Ii Naotora was actually a son of an Imagawa clan retainer named Sekiguchi Ujitsune (関口氏経). According to this theory, the son of Ujitsune became temporary head of the Ii clan until Ii Naomasa, the son of Ii Naochika, reached adulthood and could inherit the position.
De facto denial
De facto denial or functional denial is a situation that can occur in health insurance and workers' compensation insurance when a claim is not denied outright, but in practical terms it is not covered.  If cost reduction by an insurer is the reason for de facto denials as part of utilization management, it can lead to healthcare rationing through denials of care or coverage, delays in care, and unexpected financial risks to patients.

Utilization management
Utilization management (UM) or utilization review is the use of managed care techniques such as prior authorization that allow payers, particularly health insurance companies, to manage the cost of health care benefits by assessing its medical appropriateness before it is provided, by using evidence-based criteria or guidelines.

Critics have argued that if cost-cutting by insurers is the focus of their use of UM criteria, it could lead to healthcare rationing by overzealous denial of care as well as retrospective denial of payment, delays in care, or unexpected financial risks to patients.
Paşalimanı
Paşalimanı Island (Turkish: Paşalimanı Adası), formerly Halone (Greek: Ἁλώνη), is an island in the southern Sea of Marmara in Turkey. The island is the fifth largest island of Turkey (26.2 km2 (10.1 sq mi)) and administratively belongs to the Erdek town of Balikesir Province in northwestern Turkey. The island has five small villages and has 962 population in total. Paşalimanı Island is also part of the Marmara Archipelago along with three other islands Marmara, Avşa and Ekinlik.

Avşa
Avşa Island (Turkish: Avşa Adası) or Türkeli is a Turkish island in the southern Sea of Marmara with an area of about 20.6 square kilometres (8 square miles). It was the classical and Byzantine Aphousia (Greek: Ἀφουσία or Ἀφησιά) and was a place of exile during the Byzantine period. The tomb of St. Macarius of Pelecete was on the island. The Greek inhabitants fled to Sarti Chalkidiki after the 1923 population exchange.

The island belongs to the Marmara District of Balıkesir Province in northwestern Turkey. It is a popular domestic tourist destination, especially for tourists from Istanbul. The local population is around 2,000 according to the last census, but during the summer season the number of visitors increases as far as forty to fifty thousand.
Okulovsky District
Okulovsky District (Russian: Оку́ловский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Lyubytinsky District in the northeast, Borovichsky District in the east, Bologovsky District of Tver Oblast in the southeast, Valdaysky District in the southwest, Krestetsky District in the west, and with Malovishersky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,500 square kilometers (970 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Okulovka. Population: 25,808 (2010 census); 31,153 (2002 Census); 36,852 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Okulovka accounts for 48.3% of the district's total population.

Lyubytinsky District
Lyubytinsky District (Russian: Любытинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast and borders with Tikhvinsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the north, Boksitogorsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the northeast, Khvoyninsky District in the east, Borovichsky District in the southeast, Okulovsky District in the southwest, Malovishersky District in the west, and with Kirishsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the northwest. The area of the district is 4,500 square kilometers (1,700 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Lyubytino. Population: 9,744 (2010 Census); 12,432 (2002 Census); 15,263 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Lyubytino accounts for 28.8% of the district's total population.
United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida
The United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida (in case citations, M.D. Fla.) is a federal court in the Eleventh Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The district was established on July 30, 1962, with parts of the Northern and Southern Districts transferring into the newly created Middle District.

As of March 31, 2025, the United States attorney for the district is Gregory Kehoe.

United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida
The United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida (in case citations, S.D. Fla. or S.D. Fl.) is the federal United States district court with territorial jurisdiction over the southern part of the state of Florida.

Appeals from cases brought in the Southern District of Florida are to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).
Willard (2003 film)
Willard is a 2003 American psychological horror film written and directed by Glen Morgan and starring Crispin Glover, R. Lee Ermey and Laura Elena Harring. It is loosely based on the novel Ratman's Notebooks by Stephen Gilbert, as well as on the novel's first film adaptation, Willard (1971), and its sequel, Ben (1972). It was not billed as a remake by the producers, who chose instead to present it as a reworking of the themes from the original with a stronger focus on suspense.

Willard was released theatrically by New Line Cinema on March 14, 2003, and received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised Glover's performance. However, the film underperformed financially, grossing $8.5 million worldwide against a $20 million budget.

Willard (1971 film)
Willard is a 1971 American horror film directed by Daniel Mann and written by Gilbert Ralston, based on Stephen Gilbert's novel Ratman's Notebooks. Bruce Davison stars as social misfit Willard Stiles, who is squeezed out of the company started by his deceased father. His only friends are a few rats raised at home, including Ben and Socrates, and their increasing number of friends. When Socrates is killed by Willard's boss, he goes on a rampage using his rats to attack.

Willard was released on February 26, 1971, by Cinerama Releasing Corporation, opening to mixed reviews, but it was successful at the box office, making it the 11th-highest-grossing release of the year. It was also nominated for an Edgar Award for Best Picture.

The film was followed by a 1972 sequel Ben, and a 2003 remake, also titled Willard, with Crispin Glover portraying  Willard, and Davison making a cameo as Willard's father.
In the Wake of the Bounty
In the Wake of the Bounty (1933) is an Australian film directed by Charles Chauvel about the 1789 Mutiny on the Bounty. It is notable as the screen debut of Errol Flynn, playing Fletcher Christian. The film preceded MGM's more famous Mutiny on the Bounty, starring Charles Laughton and Clark Gable, by two years.

Mutiny on the Bounty (1935 film)
Mutiny on the Bounty is a 1935 American historical adventure drama film directed by Frank Lloyd and produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It dramatizes the mutiny of HMS Bounty, and is adapted from the novels Mutiny on the Bounty and Men Against the Sea by Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall. It stars Charles Laughton as William Bligh, Clark Gable as Fletcher Christian, and Franchot Tone as Roger Byam (based on Peter Heywood). Despite historical inaccuracies, the film was a huge box office success, becoming the highest-grossing film of 1935 and one of MGM's biggest hits of the 1930s. The film was also a major critical success, and received a leading eight nominations at the 8th Academy Awards, winning Best Picture.
Maya the Bee (film)
Maya the Bee (promoted theatrically as Maya the Bee Movie) is a 2014 animated adventure comedy film directed by Alexs Stadermann, loosely based on the 1975 anime Maya the Bee as well as indirectly on the German children's book The Adventures of Maya the Bee by Waldemar Bonsels. The first animated film in the Maya the Bee franchise, it was produced by Studio 100 Animation and Buzz Studios, and distributed by StudioCanal in Australia and by Universum Film in Germany. It features the voices of Coco Jack Gillies, Kodi Smit-McPhee, Noah Taylor, Richard Roxburgh, Jacki Weaver, Justine Clarke, The Umbilical Brothers, and Miriam Margolyes.

Maya the Bee was released theatrically on 4 September 2014. The film received mixed reviews from critics, but grossed $29.6 million worldwide. Two sequels to Maya the Bee were released: The Honey Games in 2018, The Golden Orb in 2021, and an upcoming spin-off titled Arnie & Barney scheduled for 2026.

Maya the Bee: The Golden Orb
Maya the Bee: The Golden Orb (also called Maya the Bee 3: The Golden Orb) is a 2021 animated adventure comedy film directed by Noel Cleary.

Loosely based on characters from the 1975 anime Maya the Honey Bee and the German children's book The Adventures of Maya the Bee by Waldemar Bonsels, the film is a sequel to the 2018 film Maya the Bee: The Honey Games, and stars the original voice cast of Coco Jack Gillies, Benson Jack Anthony, Frances Berry and Christian Charisiou. The Golden Orb was originally scheduled to be released in Australia on 17 June 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the film was pushed back to 7 January 2021.
Voralpen Express
The Voralpen-Express (VAE) is a named train connecting small to medium-sized cities and villages in Central and Eastern Switzerland on a scenic route, carrying this name since 1992. It is operated by Südostbahn (SOB) and runs every hour as an InterRegio (IR) between St. Gallen and Lucerne, bypassing Zurich. Its name derives from the fact that it traverses the Prealps (German: Voralpen).

Südostbahn
The Schweizerische Südostbahn AG (German, lit. 'South-Eastern Railway') – commonly abbreviated to SOB – is a Swiss railway company, and a 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge network in Central and Eastern Switzerland. It resulted from the merger of the original SOB with the Bodensee–Toggenburg railway (BT) at the end of 2001.

The Schweizerische Südostbahn AG (Swiss South-Eastern Railway SA) is a small private railway jointly owned by the cantonal and federal governments as an Aktiengesellschaft (AG).
Georgia State Route 19
State Route 19 (SR 19) is a 152-mile-long (245 km) state highway that travels southeast-to-northwest through portions of Bacon, Jeff Davis, Appling, Telfair, Wheeler, Laurens, Twiggs, Bibb, and Monroe counties in the central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway travels from its southern terminus at US 1/US 23/SR 4 north of Alma to its northern terminus at US 41/SR 18 in Forsyth. It also travels through Hazlehurst, Lumber City, Dublin, and Macon.

The brief portion, from US 80 to US 23/US 80/US 129 Alt./SR 87 in Macon-Bibb County, is part of the Fall Line Freeway, a highway that connects Columbus and Augusta. It may eventually be incorporated into the proposed eastern extension of Interstate 14 (I-14).

Georgia State Route 87
Georgia State Route 87 (SR 87) is a 107-mile-long (172 km) state highway that travels south-to-north through portions of Dodge, Bleckley, Twiggs, Bibb, Monroe, and Butts counties in the historic southern and central parts of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects the Eastman area and the southwestern part of Dodge County with Flovilla, via Cochran and the Macon metropolitan area. The highway is largely, but not entirely, concurrent with U.S. Route 23 (US 23) and serves local traffic.

A brief portion, from East Macon to Macon, is part of the Fall Line Freeway (and signed as SR 540) and may be incorporated into the proposed eastern extension of Interstate 14 (I-14), an Interstate Highway that currently exists completely within Central Texas and is proposed to be extended to Augusta.
NZR BB class
The NZR BB class of steam locomotives comprised 30 engines operated by the New Zealand Railways (NZR) in the North Island of New Zealand. Ordered to replace smaller locomotives of several classes in the North Island, they were similar in design and appearance to the preceding B and BA classes. The first BB class locomotive entered service in February 1915, with the last to commence operations doing so on 8 March 1917.  All were built by A & G Price Ltd of Thames, New Zealand, and as their cylinders had a larger diameter than the B and BA locomotives they were capable of generating more power to haul heavier trains. The most visible difference however was the roundtop firebox in place of the preceding classes Belpaire design. The BB class could haul up to 700 long tons (710 t; 780 short tons) of freight on a level railway line, though they were limited to a top speed of around 40 mph (64 km/h).

NZR B class (1899)
The NZR B class of 1899 was a class of steam locomotives that operated on New Zealand's national rail network. An earlier B class of Double Fairlies had entered service in 1874, but as they had departed from the ownership of the New Zealand Railways (NZR) by the end of 1896, the B classification was free to be re-used. Despite early difficulties, they were amongst NZR's most influential designs.
PetroChina
PetroChina Company Limited (Chinese: 中国石油天然气股份有限公司) is a Chinese oil and gas company and is the listed arm of state-owned China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), headquartered in Dongcheng District, Beijing. The company is currently Asia's largest oil and gas producer. Traded in Hong Kong and New York, the mainland enterprise announced its plans to issue stock in Shanghai in November 2007, and subsequently entered the constituent of SSE 50 Index. In the 2020 Forbes Global 2000, PetroChina was ranked as the 32nd-largest public company in the world.

China National Petroleum Corporation
The China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC; Chinese: 中国石油天然气集团公司; pinyin: Zhōngguó Shíyóu Tiānránqì Jítuán Gōngsī) is a major national oil and gas corporation of China and one of the largest integrated energy groups in the world. Its headquarters are in Dongcheng District, Beijing. CNPC was ranked fourth in 2022 Fortune Global 500, a global ranking of the largest corporations by revenue.
California State Route 202
State Route 202 (SR 202) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that serves as a spur route from State Route 58 in Tehachapi in Kern County to the California Correctional Institution.

A portion of SR 202 is overlapped with SR 58 Business. That portion follows the alignment of decommissioned U.S. Route 466.

California State Route 58
State Route 58 (SR 58) is a major east-west state highway in the U.S. state of California that runs across the Coast Ranges, the southern San Joaquin Valley, the Tehachapi Mountains, which border the southern Sierra Nevada, and the Mojave Desert. It runs between U.S. Route 101 near Santa Margarita and Interstate 15 in Barstow. It has junctions with Interstate 5 near Buttonwillow, State Route 99 in Bakersfield, State Route 202 in Tehachapi, State Route 14 near Mojave, and U.S. Route 395 at Kramer Junction. SR 58 also provides access to Edwards Air Force Base. At various points it is known as the Calf Canyon Highway, Carrisa Highway, Bakersfield-McKittrick Highway, Rosa Parks Highway, Westside Parkway, Barstow-Bakersfield Highway, Bakersfield Tehachapi Highway, Kern County Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway, and Mojave-Barstow Highway.
Sigma Healthcare
Sigma Healthcare Limited is an Australian, ASX-listed company with a focus on the pharmacy industry. The company has pharmacy operations in retail, wholesale and distribution. From its head office in Preston, Victoria, Sigma manages over 1,200 branded and independent pharmacies. Sigma Healthcare owns Australian retail pharmacy brands: Amcal, Chemist Warehouse and Discount Drug Stores. The company also has a presence in the hospital pharmacy services, contract logistics, dose administration aids and other healthcare service adjacencies.

Chemist Warehouse
Chemist Warehouse Group is an Australian company operating a chain of retail chemists both locally and internationally. The company is one of Australia's largest retailers with over 500 stores in Australia, and employs over 20,000 staff. The company brands itself as offering discounted prices for pharmaceutical goods.

The company also manages a website and a "click and collect" 24 hour dispense either pick-up and delivery service for medications.
Semarang Poncol railway station
Semarang Poncol Station (SMC) is a historic railway station in Purwosari, North Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia. The station which is located at an altitude of +3 meters is included in the Semarang Operational Area IV and is the second main station in Semarang after Semarang Tawang Station. It was built in 1914 and is considered an early example of Art Deco architecture.

Semarang Tawang railway station
Semarang Tawang Station (SMT), officially Semarang Tawang Bank Jateng Station under naming rights sponsorship, is a large type A class railway station in Tanjung Mas, North Semarang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. The station which is located at an altitude +2 m is included in Operational Area IV Semarang and the largest station in Semarang and North Central Java. The station is the oldest major railway station in Indonesia after Semarang Gudang Station and opened on 19 July 1868 on the Semarang Tawang–Tanggung railway. All trains that go through the North Java line stop at this station except Jayabaya, Kertajaya, and cargo trains.

Because of the rapid development and improper city planning of the coastal city of Semarang, Tawang station is frequently flooded by heavy rainfall, rising sea levels, and the loss of catchment areas north of the station. This impacts railway operations on northern railway connections.
Yorba Linda, California
Yorba Linda (/ˈjɔːrbə ˈlɪndə/, YOR-buh LIN-duh) is a suburban city in northeastern Orange County, California, United States, with the city hall approximately 27 miles (43 km) southeast of downtown Los Angeles. It is part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area, and had a population of 68,336 at the 2020 census.

Yorba Linda is known for its connection to Richard Nixon, the 37th president of the United States. His birthplace is a National Historic Landmark, and his presidential library and museum are also located in the city.

Birthplace of Richard Nixon
The birthplace and early childhood home of Richard Nixon, the 37th president of the United States is located on the grounds of the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum in Yorba Linda, California, and serves as a historic house museum.

The house was built in 1912 on family ranchland; Nixon was born there the following year. He and his family stayed there until 1922, when they moved to Whittier, California. The former home was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1973, and a California Historical Landmark in 1994.
Batten disease
Batten disease is a fatal disease of the nervous system that typically begins in childhood. Onset of symptoms is usually between 5 and 10 years of age. Often, it is autosomal recessive. It is the common name for a group of disorders called the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs). "The incidence is as high as one in 12,500 live births".

Although Batten disease is usually regarded as the juvenile form of NCL (or "type 3"), some physicians use the term Batten disease to describe all forms of NCL. Historically, the NCLs were classified by age of disease onset as infantile NCL (INCL), late infantile NCL (LINCL), juvenile NCL (JNCL) or adult NCL (ANCL). At least 20 genes have been identified in association with Batten disease, but juvenile NCL, the most prevalent form of Batten disease, has been linked to mutations in Battenin, the protein encoded by the CLN3 gene. It was first described in 1903.

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis  is a family of at least eight genetically separate neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases that result from excessive accumulation of lipopigments (lipofuscin) in the body's tissues. These lipopigments are made up of fats and proteins. Their name comes from the word stem "lipo-", which is a variation on lipid, and from the term "pigment", used because the substances take on a greenish-yellow color when viewed under an ultraviolet light microscope. These lipofuscin materials build up in neuronal cells and many organs, including the liver, spleen, myocardium, and kidneys.
Cesare Borgia
Cesare Borgia (13 September 1475 – 13 March 1507) was an Italian cardinal deacon and later a condottiero, as well as a member of the Spanish House of Borgia. He was the illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI and sibling to Lucrezia Borgia.

After initially entering the Church and becoming a cardinal on his father's election to the papacy, he resigned his diaconal profession after the death of his brother in 1498. He was employed as a condottiero for King Louis XII of France around 1500, and occupied both Milan and Naples during the Italian Wars. At the same time, he carved out a state for himself in Central Italy, but he was unable to retain power for long after his father's death. His quest for political power was a major inspiration for The Prince by the renowned Florentine historian, Niccolò Machiavelli.

Lucrezia Borgia
Lucrezia Borgia (18 April 1480 – 24 June 1519) was an Italian noblewoman of the House of Borgia who was the illegitimate daughter of Pope Alexander VI and Vannozza dei Cattanei. She was a former governor of Spoleto.

Her family arranged several marriages for her that advanced their own political position, including to Giovanni Sforza, Lord of Pesaro and Gradara, Count of Cotignola; Alfonso of Aragon, Duke of Bisceglie and Prince of Salerno; and Alfonso I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara. Alfonso of Aragon was an illegitimate son of the King of Naples, and tradition has it that Lucrezia's brother Cesare may have had him murdered after his political value waned.

Notorious tales about her family have cast Lucrezia as a femme fatale, a controversial role in which she has been portrayed in many artworks, novels, and films.