hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gmina Bogatynia
Gmina Bogatynia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Zgorzelec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, bordering both the Czech Republic and Germany. Its seat is the town of Bogatynia, which lies approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi) south of Zgorzelec, and 147 kilometres (91 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 136.17 square kilometres (52.6 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 23,083.

Bogatynia
Bogatynia (Polish pronunciation: [bɔɡaˈtɨɲa] ⓘ; German: Reichenau in Sachsen; Czech: Bohatyně; Upper Sorbian: Rychnow) is a town in Zgorzelec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. As of December 2021, the town had a population of 16,460.
Pennsylvania Route 127
Pennsylvania Route 127 (PA 127) is a 10-mile-long (16 km) state highway located in Forest and Warren counties in Pennsylvania. The southern terminus is at U.S. Route 62 (US 62) in West Hickory. The northern terminus is at US 62 outside of Tidioute.

Forest County, Pennsylvania
Forest County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,973, making it the third-least populous county in Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Tionesta. The county was created in 1848 and later organized in 1857. The county is part of the North Central region of the commonwealth.
Aq Manar
Aq Manar (Persian: اق منار) is a village in, and the former capital of, Gavdul-e Sharqi Rural District in Aq Manar District of Malekan County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as the capital of the district. The capital of the rural district has been transferred to the village of Idahluy-e Bozorg.

Aq Manar District
Aq Manar District (Persian: بخش آق‌منار) is in Malekan County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Aq Manar, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 1,573 people in 514 households.
Cliff Asness
Clifford Scott Asness (/ˈæznəs/; born October 17, 1966) is an American hedge fund manager and the co-founder of AQR Capital Management. As of October 2025, Forbes estimated his net worth at US$2.9 billion.

AQR Capital Management
AQR Capital Management (short for Applied Quantitative Research) is a global investment management firm based in Greenwich, Connecticut, United States. The firm, which was founded in 1998 by Cliff Asness, David Kabiller, John Liew, and Robert Krail, offers a variety of quantitatively driven alternative and traditional investment vehicles to both institutional clients and financial advisors. The firm is primarily owned by its founders and principals. AQR has additional offices in Bengaluru, Hong Kong, London, Sydney, Munich and Dubai.
Hyun (Armenian letter)
Hyun, Vyun, Yiwn or Hiwn (uppercase: Ւ; minuscule: ւ; Armenian: հյուն, վյուն; Classical Armenian:  հիւն) is the 34th letter in the Armenian alphabet. It represents the voiced labial–velar approximant /w/ in Classical Armenian and the voiced labiodental fricative /v/ in Modern Armenian. It is typically romanized with the letter W. Created by Mesrop Mashtots in the 5th century, it has a numerical value of 7000.

Vo (Armenian letter)
Vo (majuscule: Ո; minuscule: ո; Armenian: վո, վօ) is the twenty-fourth letter of the Armenian alphabet. It has a numerical value of 600. It was created by Mesrop Mashtots in the 5th century AD. It represents the open-mid back rounded vowel (/ɔ/), but when it occurs isolated or word-initially, it represents /vɔ/1. It is one of the two letters that represent the sound O, the other being Օ which was not created by Mashtots.

Its minuscule variant is homoglyphic to the minuscule form of the  Latin letter N. In its uppercase form, it looks like a turned Latin letter U, the Lisu letter Ue (ꓵ), or the asomtavruli form of the Georgian letter ghani (Ⴖ).
Sanjak of Montenegro
The Sanjak of Montenegro (Montenegrin and Serbian Cyrillic: Санџак Црне Горе, romanized: Sandžak Crne Gore; Turkish: Karadağ Sancağı, literally Sanjak of the Black Mountain) was a province (sanjak) of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan Peninsula roughly corresponding to modern Montenegro. It was created in 1514 from the borders of the former Zeta, ruled by the Crnojevići, which had earlier been organized into the Sanjak of Scutari in 1499.

Zeta under the Crnojevići
Zeta (Serbian Cyrillic: Зета) was one of the Serbian medieval polities that existed between 1371 and 1496, whose territory encompassed parts of present-day Montenegro and northern Albania. The Crnojević noble family ruled the Principality of Zeta from 1451 until 1496.
Haast to Paringa Cattle Track
The historic Haast to Paringa Cattle Track is a trail through South Westland, New Zealand, constructed in 1875 to allow farmers in the Landsborough and Cascade Valley area to drive their cattle on an annual two-week journey to the sale yards in Whataroa. It was constructed as an inland loop to bypass the precipitous cliffs at Knights Point. For 90 years it was the only land access to the settlements of Haast and Jackson Bay, but the last mob of cattle was driven in 1961, and the construction of a highway connecting Paringa to Haast Pass in 1965 made it redundant. After falling into disuse, the cattle track was converted into a 33-kilometre (21 mi), three-day tramping track, opening in 1981. The track and its three huts (Blue River/Blowfly, Māori Saddle, and Coppermine Creek) are maintained by the New Zealand Department of Conservation.

Whataroa
Whataroa is a small township in southern Westland on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island. It is located on alluvial flats to the west of the Whataroa River. State Highway 6 passes through Whataroa on its route from Ross to Franz Josef / Waiau. Hari Hari is 31 kilometres (19 mi) to the north-east, and Franz Josef is 32 km to the south-west.

The population of Whataroa and its surrounding area was 288 in the 2013 census, a decrease of 117 from 2006.

Whataroa is located in an agricultural area where dairying is the primary activity. The town contains establishments such as a school, two churches, and a dairy and tearooms. Whataroa is the base for tours of the nearby Waitangiroto Nature Reserve, the location of the only breeding colony of kōtuku or white heron (Ardea alba modesta) in New Zealand.
Eddy pumping
Eddy pumping is a component of mesoscale eddy-induced vertical motion in the ocean. It is a physical mechanism through which vertical motion is created from variations in an eddy's rotational strength. Cyclonic eddies lead primarily to upwelling, while anticyclonic eddies lead primarily to downwelling. It is a key mechanism driving biological and biogeochemical processes in the ocean such as algal blooms and the carbon cycle.

Eddy (fluid dynamics)
In fluid dynamics, an eddy  is the swirling of a fluid and the reverse current created when the fluid is in a turbulent flow regime. The moving fluid creates a space devoid of downstream-flowing fluid on the downstream side of the object. Fluid behind the obstacle flows into the void creating a swirl of fluid on each edge of the obstacle, followed by a short reverse flow of fluid behind the obstacle flowing upstream, toward the back of the obstacle. This phenomenon is naturally observed behind large emergent rocks in swift-flowing rivers.

An eddy is a movement of fluid that deviates from the general flow of the fluid. An example for an eddy is a vortex which produces such deviation. However, there are other types of eddies that are not simple vortices. For example, a Rossby wave is an eddy which is an undulation that is a deviation from mean flow, but does not have the local closed streamlines of a vortex.
RWBY: Ice Queendom
RWBY: Ice Queendom (Japanese: RWBY 氷雪帝国, Hepburn: Rubī: Hyōsetsu Teikoku; lit. "RWBY: Empire of Ice and Snow") is a Japanese anime television series produced by Shaft, based on the American web series RWBY created by Monty Oum for Rooster Teeth. The series aired from July to September 2022. A manga adaptation illustrated by Kumiko Suekane began serialization in ASCII Media Works's shōnen manga magazine Dengeki Daioh in June 2022.

Shaft (company)
Shaft Inc. (stylized as SHAFT; Japanese: 株式会社シャフト, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Shafuto), also known as Shaft Animation Studio, is a Japanese animation studio founded in 1975 and headquartered in Suginami, Tokyo. Since 2004, the studio's productions and staff have been broadly influenced by director Akiyuki Shinbo, whose visual style and avant-garde cinematography are featured in works including Hidamari Sketch (2007), Sayonara, Zetsubou-Sensei (2007), the Monogatari series (2009–present), Puella Magi Madoka Magica (2011), Nisekoi (2014), and March Comes In Like a Lion (2016).
South Hollywood–Sherman Line
The South Hollywood–Sherman Line was a suburban route of the Pacific Electric Railway. The line ran between Downtown Los Angeles and the suburb of Sherman (present-day West Hollywood). The line was named after Moses Sherman, who built the line and the Sherman street car yard on the line in West LA. The large 5.56-acre (2.25 ha) rail facility was on Santa Monica Boulevard just west of La Cienega Boulevard. The yard had a steam power house, a car barn and a shop building. (Pacific Electric would go on to move the yard works to 7th and Central in Los Angeles.)

Los Angeles Pacific Railroad
The Los Angeles Pacific Railroad (1896−1911) (LAP) was an electric public transit and freight railway system in Los Angeles County, California.  At its peak it had 230 miles (370 km) of track extending from Downtown Los Angeles to the Westside, Santa Monica, and the South Bay towns along Santa Monica Bay.
Daniel Egyin
Daniel Egyin (born 5 November 1990) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as defender for Ghana Premier League side Medeama S.C. He previously played for and captained both Sekondi Hasaacas and Bechem United.

Bechem United F.C.
Bechem United Football Club (officially: Bechem United Football Club or the "Hunters") is a Ghanaian professional football club, based in Bechem in the Ahafo Region. They are competing in the Ghanaian Premier League.
Pambamarca
Pambamarca (alternate, Pimbamarca) is an eroded stratovolcano in the Central Cordillera of the northern Ecuadorian Andes in Pichincha Province.  it is 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Quito. The summit is at an elevation of 4,062 metres (13,327 ft).

The mountains of the Pambamarca in the Andean Highlands of Ecuador has many Pre-Columbian fortresses that predate the arrival of the Spanish in the region; Pambamarca has the greatest concentration of these forts. The Pambamarca Fortress Complex has been studied with participation by many international organizations, universities, and the Government of Ecuador with the objective of exploring the  cultural landscapes, its prehistoric, historic and  contemporary cultures, particularly of Ecuador's important Pre-Columbian cultural heritage.  In 1998, Pambamarca was placed on the  tentative List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Pambamarca Fortress Complex
The Pambamarca Fortress Complex consists of the ruins of a large number of pukaras (hilltop forts) and other constructions of the Inca Empire.  The fortresses were constructed in the late 15th century by the Incas to overcome the opposition of the people of the Cayambe chiefdom to the expansion of the Incas in the Andes highlands of present-day northern Ecuador.  The Pambamarca fortresses are located in Cayambe Canton in Pichincha Province about 32 kilometres (20 mi) in a straight-line distance northeast of the city of Quito.

In 1998, Pambamarca was placed on the  tentative List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Dennis Priestley
Dennis Priestley (born 16 July 1950) is an English former professional darts player who competed in British Darts Organisation (BDO) and Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He is a two-time world champion, and was the first player to win both the BDO and WDC (now PDC) world championships, in 1991 and 1994 respectively. He was nicknamed "the Menace", after the Beano character Dennis the Menace, and reflected this by wearing red and black and using red and black flights.

Professional Darts Corporation
The Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) is a professional darts organisation in the United Kingdom, established in 1992 when a group of leading players split from the British Darts Organisation (BDO) to form what was initially called the World Darts Council (WDC). Sports promoter Eddie Hearn is the PDC chairman.

The PDC developed and holds several competitions, including the annual PDC World Darts Championship, the World Matchplay, World Grand Prix, UK Open, Premier League, and Grand Slam. It also runs its own world rankings based on players' performances.
Emir Preldžić
Emir Preldžić (born 6 September 1987) is a Bosnian-Turkish professional basketball player for KK Orlovik Žepče of the Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He also represented the Turkish national basketball team. He is 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) tall and he mainly plays the small forward position, but he also has the ability to play as a power forward, shooting guard and point guard.

Turkey men's national basketball team
The Turkey men's national basketball team (Turkish: Türkiye Millî Basketbol Takımı), recognized as Türkiye by FIBA, represents Turkey in international basketball. They are governed by the Turkish Basketball Federation. Their nickname is the 12 Dev Adam, meaning 12 Giant Men.

Turkey has competed at every major international basketball tournament. Their greatest achievements are winning two silver medals at the EuroBasket, one on home soil in 2001, and another in 2025. They have also won silver at the FIBA World Cup, as hosts in 2010. Turkey won two gold (1987, 2013), one silver (1971), and three bronze (1967, 1983, 2009) medals at the Mediterranean Games. They also won a gold medal at the 1981 Balkan Championship.

Currently, Turkey stands 11th in the FIBA World Ranking.
Mary O'Connor (Irish sportsperson)
Mary O'Connor (born 1977) is an Irish sportsperson. A dual player, she played both ladies' Gaelic football and camogie.  As a footballer O Connor has played with her local clubs Donoughmore and Inch Rovers and was a member of the Cork county ladies' football team at the senior level from 1994 until 2010. She has won five All-Ireland titles. As a camogie player O'Connor played for her local club Killeagh and was a member of the Cork county camogie team at the senior level since 1996. Since then she has won seven All-Ireland titles. O'Connor is one of the most decorated players in the history of Gaelic games. Winner of All Ireland camogie medals in 1997 (when her last point of the first half off her left side, scored as she was in full flight 50 yards out, is regarded as one of the best scores in the history of camogie ), 1998, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2008 and 2009 and All Star awards in 2005, 2006 and 2009.

Camogie All Stars Awards
The Camogie All Star Awards are awarded every year to players of the Irish stick and ball team sport of camogie, picked in the 15 traditional positions on the field of play: that is, goalkeeper, three full-backs, three half-backs, two midfields, three half-forwards and three full-forwards.

The scheme originated as an independent initiative sponsored by a hotel group, and those picks were made in 2003. The Camogie Association became involved in 2004. O'Neill's are the present title sponsors of the awards.

The leading awards winner is Gemma O'Connor of Cork with eleven awards. A prize  for Manager of the Year is also given as part of the Camogie All Stars Awards. The reigning 2024 Manager of the Year is Ger Manley of Cork, who led his team to the 2024 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship.
Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science
The Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS, Nepali: कृषि र पशु विज्ञान अध्ययन संस्थान) is an autonomous academic institute under Tribhuvan University (TU), Nepal's largest academic institution. It is Nepal's first higher education institution in the field of agriculture and one of the five technical institutes under TU, specializing in agriculture, animal sciences, and veterinary sciences.

IAAS operates undergraduate, postgraduate and Ph.D. programs in agriculture and livestock streams. The institute has four constituent campuses and multiple affiliated colleges across Nepal.

Tribhuvan University
Tribhuvan University (TU; Nepali: त्रिभुवन विश्वविद्यालय) is a public university located in Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal. Established in 1959, TU is the oldest and the largest university in Nepal. It offers 1,000 undergraduate and 500 postgraduate programs across a wide range of disciplines. Additionally, the institution has 62 constituent campuses and over 1,080 affiliated colleges across the country.
Andrew Higgins
Andrew Jackson Higgins (28 August 1886 – 1 August 1952) was an American businessman and boatbuilder who founded Higgins Industries, the New Orleans–based manufacturer of "Higgins boats" (Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel, or LCVPs) during World War II. The company started out as a small boat-manufacturing business, and became one of the biggest industries in the world with upwards of eighty thousand workers and government contracts worth nearly three hundred fifty million dollars. General Dwight Eisenhower is quoted as saying, "Andrew Higgins ... is the man who won the war for us. ... If Higgins had not designed and built those LCVPs, we never could have landed over an open beach. The whole strategy of the war would have been different." Adolf Hitler recognized Higgins war efforts in ship production and bitterly dubbed him the "New Noah".

LCVP (United States)
The landing craft, vehicle, personnel (LCVP) or Higgins boat was a landing craft used extensively by the Allied forces in amphibious landings in World War II. Typically constructed from plywood, this shallow-draft, barge-like boat could ferry a roughly platoon-sized complement of 36 men to shore at 12 knots (14 mph; 22 km/h).  Men generally entered the boat by climbing down a cargo net hung from the side of their troop transport; they exited by charging down the boat's lowered bow ramp.

Designer Andrew Higgins based it on boats made for operating in swamps and marshes. More than 23,358 were built, by Higgins Industries and licensees.

Taking the last letter of the LCVP designation, sailors often nicknamed the Higgins Boat the "Papa Boat" or "Peter Boat" to differentiate it from other landing craft such as the LCU and the LCM, with the LCM being called the "Mike Boat".
Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, one of the two confederal entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, are its federated states with a high level of autonomy. The cantons were established by the Law on Federal Units (Cantons) on 12 June 1996 as a result of the Washington Agreement of 1994 between the representatives of the Bosniaks and Bosnian Croats.

Five of the cantons have a Bosniak majority: Una-Sana Canton, Tuzla Canton, Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnian-Podrinje Canton Goražde and Sarajevo Canton; three have a Croat majority: Posavina Canton, West Herzegovina Canton and Canton 10, and two cantons are regarded as ethnically mixed: Central Bosnia Canton and Herzegovina-Neretva Canton. The most populous canton is Tuzla Canton, while Canton 10 is the largest by geographical area.

Herzegovina-Neretva Canton
The Herzegovina-Neretva Canton (Croatian: Hercegovačko-neretvanska županija; Bosnian: Hercegovačko-neretvanski kanton; Serbian: Херцеговачко-неретвански кантон, romanized: Hercegovačko-neretvanski kanton) is a federated state and one of ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The canton mainly comprises the Neretva river valley area and parts of Herzegovina west of Mostar, its administrative centre. It is one of the cantons considered to have a mixed population.
Walter Tull
Walter Daniel John Tull (28 April 1888 – 25 March 1918) was an English professional footballer and British Army officer of Afro-Caribbean descent. He played as an inside forward and half back for Clapton, Tottenham Hotspur and Northampton Town and was the third person of mixed heritage to play in the top division of the Football League after Arthur Wharton and Willie Clarke. He was also the first player of African descent to sign for Rangers in 1917, while stationed in Scotland.

During the First World War, Tull served in the Middlesex Regiment, including in the two Footballers' Battalions. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant on 30 May 1917 and killed in action on 25 March 1918.

Football Battalion
The 17th (Service) Battalion, Middlesex Regiment was an infantry battalion of the Middlesex Regiment, part of the British Army, which was formed as a Pals battalion during the Great War. The core of the battalion was a group of professional footballers, which was the reason for its most commonly used name, The Football Battalion (also the footballers' or players' battalion). The 23rd (Service) Battalion, Middlesex Regiment was formed in June 1915 and became known as the 2nd Football Battalion. The battalions fought in the Battle of the Somme in 1916 among others. Soldiers who fought in the 17th and 23rd Battalions included Second Lieutenant Walter Tull, who was possibly the first black infantry officer in the British Army.
Derocher Peninsula
Derocher Peninsula (71°25′S 73°20′W﻿ / ﻿71.417°S 73.333°W﻿ / -71.417; -73.333) is a snow-covered peninsula between Brahms Inlet and Mendelssohn Inlet on the north side of Beethoven Peninsula, Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, and mapped from these photographs by D. Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), 1960. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names after Commander Paul J. Derocher, U.S. Navy, commanding officer, Antarctic Development Squadron Six (VXE-6), May 1985 to May 1986. Derocher Peninsula is one of the eight peninsulas of Alexander Island.

Alexander Island
Alexander Island, also known as Alexander I Island, Alexander I Land, Alexander Land, Alexander I Archipelago, and Zemlja Alexandra I, is the largest island of Antarctica. It lies in the Bellingshausen Sea west of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula from which it is separated by Marguerite Bay and George VI Sound. The George VI Ice Shelf entirely fills George VI Sound and connects Alexander Island to Palmer Land. The island partly surrounds Wilkins Sound, which lies to its west. Alexander Island is about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long in a north–south direction, 80 kilometres (50 mi) wide in the north, and 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide in the south. Alexander Island is the second-largest uninhabited island in the world, after Devon Island.
Parasitiformes
Parasitiformes are a superorder of Arachnids, constituting one of the two major groups of mites, alongside Acariformes. Parasitiformes has, at times, been classified at the rank of order or suborder.

It is uncertain whether Parasitiformes and Acariformes are closely related, and in many analyses they are recovered more closely related to other arachnids. Amongst the best known members of the group are the ticks, though the Mesostigmata is by far the most diverse group with over 8,000 described species, including economically important species such as the varroa mite.

Acariformes
The Acariformes, also known as the Actinotrichida, are the more diverse of the two superorders of mites, alongside Parasitiformes. Over 32,000 described species are found in 351 families, with an estimated total of 440,000 to 929,000 species, including undescribed species.