hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minkowski's bound
In algebraic number theory, Minkowski's bound gives an upper bound of the norm of ideals to be checked in order to determine the class number of a number field K. It is named for the mathematician Hermann Minkowski.

Ideal class group
In mathematics, the ideal class group (or class group) of an  algebraic number field  is the quotient group  where  is the group of fractional ideals of the ring of integers of , and  is its subgroup of principal ideals. The class group is a measure of the extent to which unique factorization fails in the ring of integers of . The order of the group, which is finite, is called the class number of .

The theory extends to Dedekind domains and their fields of fractions, for which the multiplicative properties are intimately tied to the structure of the class group. For example, the class group of a Dedekind domain is trivial if and only if the ring is a unique factorization domain.
Pyle
Pyle (Welsh: Y Pîl) is a village and community (and electoral ward) in Bridgend county borough, Wales. This large village is served by the A48 road, and lies less than one mile from Junction 37 of the M4 motorway, and is therefore only a half-hour journey from the capital city of Wales, Cardiff. The nearest town is the seaside resort of Porthcawl. Within the Community, to the northeast of Pyle, is the adjoining settlement of Kenfig Hill, North Cornelly also adjoins Pyle and the built-up area had a population of 13,701 in 2011.

North Cornelly
North Cornelly is a moderately sized village in Bridgend County Borough, Wales. It is four miles from the seaside resort of Porthcawl and six miles from the town of Bridgend. The Kenfig nature reserve is less than a mile away.

The village has numerous facilities and notable features. There is a Post Office, an Asian take-away, a chip shop, several pubs, a pharmacy, a doctor's surgery, a community centre with playpark, a local mechanic, and several newsagents.
Josh Marshall
Joshua Micah Jesajan-Dorja Marshall (born February 15, 1969) is an American journalist and blogger who founded Talking Points Memo. A liberal, he presides over a network of progressive-oriented sites that operate under the TPM Media banner. In 2008, they averaged 400,000 page views on weekdays and 750,000 unique visitors per month.

Marshall and his work have been profiled by The New York Times, the Los Angeles Times, the Financial Times, National Public Radio, The New York Times Magazine, the Columbia Journalism Review, Bill Moyers Journal, and GQ. In 2007, Hendrik Hertzberg, a senior editor at The New Yorker, compared Marshall to the influential founders of Time magazine, saying: "Marshall is in the line of the great light-bulb-over-the-head editors. He's like Briton Hadden or Henry Luce. He's created something new."

Talking Points Memo
Talking Points Memo (TPM) is a liberal political news and commentary website that started as a blog created and run by Josh Marshall. It debuted in November 2000. The name is a tongue-in-cheek reference to a "talking points memo" that was often discussed during the Clinton-era Monica Lewinsky scandal.

TPM became one of the first online-only political news websites to launch a membership program in 2012. As of 2025, the site has more than 35,000 members and about a dozen staffers.
Kapiraya conflict
The Kapiraya conflict (Indonesian: Konflik Kapiraya) is an ongoing boundary dispute in Central Papua between the regencies of Deiyai, Mimika, and Dogiyai. It is centered around administrative boundaries in the Kapiraya area, split between the three regencies. The region is inhabited by the Mee and Kamoro tribes.

Although the border dispute originated from the formation of new administrative areas, it escalated into tribal clashes upon the discovery of gold deposits in the Kapiraya region in 2023, with both external illegal mining activities and local traditional miners disputing gold-containing areas. The conflict increased in violence in late 2025 and 2026 resulting in injuries and a death, leading to increased government intervention.

Mimika Regency
Mimika Regency is one of the regencies (kabupaten) in the Indonesian province of Central Papua. It covers an area of 21,693.51 km2, and had a population of 182,001 at the 2010 Census, which grew to 311,969 at the 2020 Census. The official estimate as of mid-2024 was 492,896 - a 58% gain from 2020. The administrative centre is the town of Timika, which lies within Mimika Baru District, which had 143,367 inhabitants in mid-2023 but this figure officially more than doubled to 318,679 in mid 2024. The regency covers the entire south coast of its province. The only other coastal regency of Central Papua is Nabire Regency, covering the north coast.
Optoelectric nuclear battery
An optoelectric nuclear battery (also radiophotovoltaic device, radioluminescent nuclear battery or radioisotope photovoltaic generator) is a type of nuclear battery in which nuclear energy is converted into light, which is then used to generate electrical energy. This is accomplished by letting the ionizing radiation emitted by the radioactive isotopes hit a luminescent material (scintillator or phosphor), which in turn emits photons that generate electricity upon striking a photovoltaic cell.

The technology was developed in 1961 by researchers at Eimac, at their San Carlos, CA facility, contracted by Sandia National Laboratories. The device was intended for use in satellites.

Radioluminescence
Radioluminescence (or scintillation) is the phenomenon by which light is produced in a material by bombardment with ionizing radiation such as alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays.  Radioluminescence is used as a low level light source for night illumination of instruments or signage.  Radioluminescent paint is occasionally used for clock hands and instrument dials, enabling them to be read in the dark.  Radioluminescence is also sometimes seen around high-power radiation sources, such as nuclear reactors and radioisotopes.
2023 Arizona Bowl
The 2023 Arizona Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 30, 2023, at Arizona Stadium in Tucson, Arizona. The eighth annual Arizona Bowl game featured Toledo from the Mid-American Conference (MAC) and Wyoming from the Mountain West Conference. The game began at approximately 2:30 p.m. MST and was aired on Barstool Sports's website and social media. The Arizona Bowl was one of the 2023–24 bowl games concluding the 2023 FBS football season. Barstool Sports was also the game's title sponsor, and the game was officially known as the Barstool Sports Arizona Bowl.

Wyoming Cowboys football
The Wyoming Cowboys football program represents the University of Wyoming in NCAA college football. They compete in the Mountain West Conference of the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of NCAA Division I and have won 14 conference titles. Their current head coach is Jay Sawvel who is entering his second season as head coach in 2025 after serving as the programs Defensive Coordinator for the previous four seasons.

The Cowboy football program has been among the most notable of "stepping stone" programs due to the success of its former coaches. Coaches such as Bowden Wyatt, Bob Devaney, Fred Akers, Pat Dye, Dennis Erickson and Joe Tiller were at Wyoming immediately prior to gaining notoriety at bigger football powerhouses.
Sheraton Taoyuan Hotel
The Sheraton Taoyuan Hotel (traditional Chinese: 桃園喜來登酒店; simplified Chinese: 桃园喜来登酒店; pinyin: Táoyuán Xǐláidēng Jiǔdiàn) is located in Dayuan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. It opened in 2010 as the Orchard Park Hotel and became a Sheraton on 22 September 2019. The hotel has 190 rooms and suites and has facilities such as a fitness center, indoor swimming pool, game room and gift shop. The hotel is a franchise of Sheraton Hotels and Resorts and is the fourth Sheraton hotel to open in Taiwan, after Sheraton Grand Taipei Hotel, Sheraton Hsinchu Hotel and Sheraton Taitung Hotel.

Sheraton Grand Taipei Hotel
The Sheraton Grand Taipei Hotel (traditional Chinese: 台北喜來登大飯店; simplified Chinese: 台北喜来登大饭店; pinyin: Táiběi Xǐláidēng Dà Fàndiàn) is a 16-storey, 64 m (210 ft) tall hotel located in Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan.
Mark Elworth Jr.
Mark Gerald Elworth Jr. (born August 6, 1976) is an American freelance musician, businessman, cannabis rights activist, perennial candidate for public office, and rockhound. Elworth was the Libertarian Party candidate for Governor of Nebraska in 2014 and was the Legal Marijuana Now candidate for Vice President of the United States in 2016.

Elworth, who petitioned in the past for ballot access for the Nebraska Green Party, led a successful statewide petition drive to acquire ballot access for a Nebraska Legal Marijuana NOW Party. Elworth, who was state party chair of Nebraska Legal Marijuana NOW from 2021 to 2025, resides in Brush, Colorado.

Nebraska Legal Marijuana NOW Party
Nebraska Legal Marijuana NOW is a political third party in the U.S. state of Nebraska established in 2016 as the state affiliate of the Legal Marijuana Now Party.

In 2022, Legal Marijuana NOW Party ran more candidates for Nebraska statewide offices than the Democratic Party recruited. Their nominee for Attorney General, Larry Bolinger, got 188,648 votes, more than 30 percent, the highest percentage for a statewide Nebraska candidate running outside the two major parties in 86 years, when independent George Norris was reelected to U.S. Senate. Bolinger held the record until independent Dan Osborn received 46.5% for U.S. Senator, in 2024.

Legal Marijuana NOW exceeded 10,000 members registered with the party, in 2025, qualifying for Nebraskan candidate ballot access indefinitely.
Centreville, Mississippi
Centreville is a town in Amite and Wilkinson counties, Mississippi, United States. It is part of the McComb, Mississippi micropolitan statistical area. Its population was 1,258 in 2020.

Bethany Presbyterian Church is a historic church in Centreville, built in 1855, and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

The town was incorporated in 1880, and it was a small settlement in the years prior. In 1880, the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley R.R. ran along the border between Wilkinson and Amite counties. Because the station was approximately midway between Liberty and Woodville and about midway between Natchez and Baton Rouge, it was appropriately named Centreville.

Wilkinson County, Mississippi
Wilkinson County is a county located in the southwest corner of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of 2020, its population was 8,587. Its county seat is Woodville. Bordered by the Mississippi River on the west, the county is named for James Wilkinson, a Revolutionary War military leader and first governor of the Louisiana Territory after its acquisition by the United States in 1803.
Martin Kollár
Martin Kollár (born 23 November 1971) is a Slovak photographer and cinematographer. He was awarded the Leica Oskar Barnack Award in 2014. Kollár has had solo exhibitions at the Maison européenne de la photographie, Paris; Le Château d'eau, Toulouse; Reiss Engelhorn Museum, Mannheim; Slovak National Gallery, Bratislava; Benaki Museum, Athens; and Musée de l'Élysée, Lausanne.

Photo Élysée
Photo Élysée, formerly known as Musée de l'Élysée, is a museum in Lausanne, Switzerland, entirely devoted to photography. It is a government-supported institution founded in 1985 by Charles-Henri Favrod. It was housed in an 18th-century mansion until October 2020.

The museum was temporarily closed from October 2020 until June 2022, as it was moving to a new building. The new building is designed by Portuguese architects Aires Mateus. It has merged with two other museums; the Cantonal Museum of Fine Arts and the Museum of Contemporary Design and Applied Arts.

Succeeding Tatyana Franck, Nathalie Herschdorfer has been in charge since June 2022.
Evernham Motorsports
Evernham Motorsports was an American professional stock car racing organization that competed in the NASCAR Cup Series. The team was founded in 2000 by former Hendrick Motorsports crew chief Ray Evernham, entering full-time competition as a two-car operation in 2001 and fielding additional full-time entries in alliances with Ultra Motorsports and the Valvoline corporation. The organization was renamed Gillett Evernham Motorsports in 2007 after former Montreal Canadiens and Liverpool F.C. owner George Gillett bought a controlling interest from founder Evernham, and merged with Petty Enterprises in 2009 to become Richard Petty Motorsports.

Ray Evernham
Raymond Donald Evernham Jr. (born August 26, 1957) is an American consultant for Hendrick Companies, formerly an auto racing crew chief for Bill Davis Racing and Hendrick Motorsports, owner of his own team Evernham Motorsports from 2001 to 2010, and analyst for ESPN's NASCAR coverage. A three time Winston Cup Series Champion with driver Jeff Gordon, in 1999, Evernham won the NASCAR Winston Cup Illustrated "Person of the Year". Evernham was inducted to the NASCAR Hall of Fame, Class of 2018. Evernham was inducted into the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 2023.

Evernham is the co-founder of the racing series Superstar Racing Experience (SRX).
Khovanov homology
In mathematics, Khovanov homology is an oriented link invariant that arises as the cohomology of a cochain complex. It may be regarded as a categorification of the Jones polynomial.

It was developed in the late 1990s by Mikhail Khovanov.

Jones polynomial
In the mathematical field of knot theory, the Jones polynomial is a knot polynomial discovered by Vaughan Jones in 1984.  Specifically, it is an invariant of an oriented knot or link which assigns to each oriented knot or link a Laurent polynomial in the variable  with integer coefficients.
Ranjit Das (footballer)
Ranjit Das (Bengali: রণজিৎ দাস; 29 October 1932 – 2 February 2026) was a Bangladeshi football player and coach. He represented the East Pakistan football team from 1955 to 1961, and also served as captain of Chittagong Division team.

East Pakistan football team
The East Pakistan football team (Bengali: পূর্ব পাকিস্তান ফুটবল দল) was a provincial team operated by the East Pakistan Sports Federation (EPSF) and represented East Pakistan in national and international matches from 1948 till the Independence of Bangladesh in 1971, which led to the eventual formation of the Bangladesh national football team.

The team participated in the National Football Championship from 1948 to 1960, becoming champions in their final year, after which the EPSF began sending divisional teams to the tournament. East Pakistan won their maiden international trophy in 1970, the King Mahendra Cup in Kathmandu, Nepal, during which they also played their final competitive games, as the team was dissolved during the Bangladesh Liberation War. Apart from East Pakistanis, the team often included players from West Pakistan, who, at the time, participated in the Dhaka First Division League. This contributed significantly to their success.
Hell, Michigan
Hell is an unincorporated community in Livingston County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The community is located within Putnam Township along Patterson Lake Road (D-32) about 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Ann Arbor and three miles (4.8 km) southwest of Pinckney.  As an unincorporated community, Hell has no legally defined boundaries or population statistics of its own and is served by the Pinckney 48169 ZIP Code.

Pinckney, Michigan
Pinckney is a village in Livingston County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,415 at the 2020 census.  The village is located within Putnam Township.

Among the first American pioneers in the area around Pinckney were William Kirkland and his family, who moved from New York in the late 1820s. Kirkland named the community after his brother, Charles Pinckney Kirkland. Platted in 1837, Pinckney was incorporated as a village in 1883.
Oh! My Lady
Oh! My Lady (Korean: 오! 마이 레이디) is a 2010 South Korean television series starring Chae Rim and Choi Si-won. It aired on SBS from March 22 to May 11, 2010. It is a romantic comedy about a top star who finds himself living with his manager, a 35-year-old woman who is trying to earn money to get custody of her child.

Choi Si-won
Choi Si-won (Korean: 최시원; born April 7, 1986), known mononymously as Siwon, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, model, and actor, known for his work as a member of South Korean boy group Super Junior. Choi was a special representative for UNICEF Korea from 2015 to 2019, before being chosen as a UNICEF East Asia and Pacific Regional Office ambassador in November 2019.

Aside from being a member of Super Junior, Choi has also ventured into solo activities, mainly acting. He played lead roles in the Korean dramas Oh! My Lady (2010), Poseidon (2011), Revolutionary Love (2017), My Fellow Citizens! (2019), and Love Is for Suckers (2022) and had supporting roles in Athena: Goddess of War (2010), The King of Dramas (2012), She Was Pretty (2015), and Bloodhounds (2023). Choi has also participated in various Chinese language films such as Helios, To the Fore, and Dragon Blade.
Christopher J. Coyne
Christopher James Coyne (born June 17, 1958) is an American Catholic prelate who has served as Archbishop of Hartford since 2024. He was coadjutor archbishop from 2023 to 2024.

Coyne also served as administrator of the Diocese of Burlington from 2023 to 2024. Coyne previously served as Bishop of Burlington from 2015 to 2023 and as an auxiliary bishop in the Archdiocese of Indianapolis from 2011 to 2015.

Archdiocese of Hartford
The Archdiocese of Hartford (Latin: Archidioecesis Hartfortiensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Connecticut in the United States. It is a metropolitan see. The other dioceses in its ecclesiastical province are Bridgeport, Norwich, and Providence.

It was established as the Diocese of Hartford in 1843. The mother church of the Archdiocese of Hartford is the Cathedral of Saint Joseph in Hartford. It covers Hartford, Litchfield and New Haven counties. Christopher J. Coyne is the archbishop.
Limewax
Maxim Anokhin (born 1988), known by his stage name Limewax is a Ukrainian drum and bass music producer and DJ from Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine. His style is described as inspired by harsher sounds of hardstep and darkstep; however, he is most recognizable as a Skullstep artist. He has collaborated with artists such as The Panacea, Current Value, Donny, Proket, and Dylan.

Anokhin began composing music shortly after moving to Tilburg, Netherlands in 1999. At the age of seventeen, he released his first EP, Changing Crisis, on high-profile label Tech Itch Recordings in 2005. As a result, Anokhin became notable for emerging into the electronic music industry at a young age, and quickly gained popularity leading to performances at Therapy Sessions events worldwide.

In 2024, DJ Mag referred to Anokhin as "an icon in the hard drum & bass scene" in their coverage of his work.

Freak Recordings
Freak Recordings is a UK-based drum and bass record label, owned and run by Dylan Hisley, which deals predominantly in heavier subgenres of drum and bass. It is affiliated with labels Obscene Recordings and Tech Itch Recordings, with the latter of whom it has formed a sub-label, Tech Freak Recordings, dedicated to the release of full-length albums. Artists include Dylan, Robyn Chaos, Audio, Limewax, Current Value, Counterstrike, Technical Itch, SPL, Basic Operations, Zardonic, Hedj, Forbidden Society, Kitech, Kantyze, and many more. Freak Recordings is also the co-founding company behind Therapy Sessions drum and bass festivals.
Superior Coach Company
Superior Coach was a coachbuilder in the American automotive industry. Founded in 1909 as the Garford Motor Truck Company, Superior is best known for constructing bodies for professional cars (hearses) and school buses. Following major downturns in both segments in the late 1970s, Superior was liquidated by its parent company in 1980. From 1925 to 1980, the company was based in Lima, Ohio.

After its 1980 closure, the Superior name would live on through several other companies. The manufacturing of school buses would play a part of the formation of Mid Bus (acquired by Collins Industries in 2008) and the professional car operations would remain in Lima as part of Accubuilt.

Hearse
A hearse (/hɜːrs/) is a large vehicle, originally a horse carriage but later with the introduction of motor vehicles, a car, used to carry the body of a deceased person in a coffin to a funeral, wake, or graveside service. They range from deliberately anonymous vehicles to heavily decorated vehicles.

In the funeral trade of some countries hearses are called funeral cars or funeral coaches.
Cavalese
Cavalese (Cavalés in local dialect, Gablöss in local german dialect) is a comune of 4,004 inhabitants in Trentino, northern Italy, a ski resort and the main center in the Fiemme Valley. It is part of the Magnifica Comunità di Fiemme (Magnificent Community of Fiemme) and, together with Predazzo, is the administrative, cultural and historical center of the valley.
The town is a renowned tourist location, during winter for cross-country and alpine skiing, and during summer for excursions. The cable car from Cavalese to the nearby mountain Cermis has been the site of two major cable-car accidents, one in 1976 and one in 1998.

Cermis
Cermis (Alpe Cermis in italian) is a mountain of the Lagorai group in eastern Trentino, Italy in the comune of Cavalese.

Part of the Val di Fiemme-Obereggen, it is famous for its ski slopes.

It was the scene of major disasters involving the aerial tramway style cable car system on the mountain: the Cavalese cable car disaster in 1976, and the Cavalese cable car massacre in 1998; the latter occurred when a U.S. military plane, while flying too low against regulations, cut a cable supporting a gondola of an aerial tramway, killing 20 people. The two cable car runs of the system involved in those incidents have since been replaced by three consecutive multi-cabin gondola lifts. The arrival site of the first chair lift, from where the second starts, may be also reached by road.
Finger Ridges
The Finger Ridges (79°11′S 157°0′E﻿ / ﻿79.183°S 157.000°E﻿ / -79.183; 157.000) are several mainly ice-free ridges and spurs extending over a distance of about 12 miles (20 km), east–west, in the northwestern part of the Cook Mountains in Antarctica.

Cook Mountains
The Cook Mountains (79°25′S 158°00′E﻿ / ﻿79.417°S 158.000°E﻿ / -79.417; 158.000) is a group of mountains bounded by the Mulock and Darwin glaciers in Antarctica.
They are south of the Worcester Range and north of the Darwin Mountains and the Britannia Range.
Jurrangelo Cijntje
Jean Michael "Jurrangelo" Cijntje (/seɪndʒɑː/ SAIN-juh, born May 31, 2003), also nicknamed "Loo", is a Curaçaoan professional baseball pitcher in the St. Louis Cardinals organization. He is a switch pitcher, having the rare ability to pitch proficiently with both his right and left arm. He was chosen with the 15th overall pick in the 2024 Major League Baseball draft by the Seattle Mariners.

Switch pitcher
In baseball, a switch pitcher is an ambidextrous pitcher who is able to pitch with either the right or left hand from the pitcher's mound. Switch pitchers are rare at higher levels of competition, with Pat Venditte being the only pitcher to regularly throw with both arms in Major League Baseball since 1901.