hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Major histocompatibility complex, class I-related
Major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein (MR1) is a non-classical MHC class I protein, that binds vitamin metabolites (intermediates of riboflavin synthesis) produced in certain types of bacteria. MR1 interacts with mucosal associated invariant T cells (MAIT).

Mucosal-associated invariant T cell
Mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells) make up a subset of T cells in the immune system that display innate, effector-like qualities. In humans, MAIT cells are found in the blood, liver, lungs, and mucosa, defending against microbial activity and infection. The MHC class I-like protein, MR1, is responsible for presenting bacterially-produced vitamin B2 and B9 metabolites to MAIT cells. After the presentation of foreign antigen by MR1, MAIT cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and are capable of lysing bacterially-infected cells. MAIT cells can also be activated through MR1-independent signaling. In addition to possessing innate-like functions, this T cell subset supports the adaptive immune response and has a memory-like phenotype. Furthermore, MAIT cells are thought to play a role in autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, although definitive evidence is yet to be published.
Russi Karanjia
Rustom Khurshedji Karanjia (15 September 1912 – 1 February 2008) was an Indian journalist and editor. He typically signed his reports as "R. K. Karanjia". He founded the Blitz, a weekly tabloid with focus on investigative journalism in 1941, and ran it for the next four decades. He also founded The Daily, a daily tabloid which was run by his daughter.

Blitz (newspaper)
Blitz was a popular investigative weekly tabloid newspaper or newsmagazine published and edited by Russi Karanjia from Bombay. Started in 1941, it was India's first weekly tabloid and focussed on investigative journalism and political news. It was published in English, and with editions in Hindi, Urdu and Marathi languages.
Primearth EV Energy
Primearth EV Energy Co., Ltd. (abbreviated as PEVE) is a Japanese manufacturer of prismatic nickel–metal hydride (NiMH) and lithium-ion battery packs for hybrid electric vehicles, located in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. PEVE's products had been solely based on NiMH until early 2011 when the company has started mass production of Li-ion battery.

Panasonic
Panasonic Holdings Corporation is a Japanese multinational electronics manufacturer, headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka, Japan. It was founded in 1918 as Matsushita Electric Housewares Manufacturing Works in the Fukushima ward of Osaka by Kōnosuke Matsushita. The company was incorporated in 1935 and renamed Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., and changed its name to Panasonic Corporation in 2008. In 2022, it reorganized as a holding company and adopted its current name.

In addition to consumer electronics, for which it was the world's largest manufacturer in the late 20th century, Panasonic produces a wide range of products and services, including rechargeable batteries, automotive and avionic systems, industrial equipment, as well as home renovation and construction. The company is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX 100 indices, with a secondary listing on the Nagoya Stock Exchange.
Rose's ghost frog
Rose's ghost frog (Heleophryne rosei), or Table Mountain ghost frog, is a species of frog in the family Heleophrynidae endemic to South Africa. It is a medium-sized species with purple or brown blotches on a pale green background and large discs on its fingers and toes. It has a very restricted range, being only known from the slopes of parts of Table Mountain. The tadpoles live in permanent streams but these are in danger of drying up because of the establishment of pine plantations. Because of its small range and changes in its habitat, this frog is listed as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Table Mountain
Table Mountain (Khoekhoe: Huriǂoaxa, lit. 'sea-emerging'; Afrikaans: Tafelberg) is a flat-topped mountain forming a prominent landmark overlooking the city of Cape Town in South Africa.

It is a significant tourist attraction, with many visitors either using the cableway or hiking to the top. The mountain has 2,285 plant species, of which around 80% are fynbos (Afrikaans for 'fine bush'). Table Mountain National Park is the most visited national park in South Africa, attracting 4.2 million people every year for various activities. It forms part of the lands formerly inhabited by Khoe-speaking clans, such as the !Uriǁʼaes (the "High Clan").

Table Mountain is home to a large array of mostly endemic flora and fauna. Its top rises about 1,000 m above the surrounding city, making the popular hike upwards on a large variety of different, often steep and rocky pathways a serious mountain tour which requires fitness, preparation and hiking equipment.
Barley flour
Barley flour is a flour prepared from dried and ground barley. Barley flour is used to prepare barley bread and other breads, such as flat bread and yeast breads.

There are two general types of barley flour: coarse and fine. Barley groats are milled to make coarse barley flour, and pearl barley is milled to make fine barley flour.

Additionally, patent barley flour is a finer barley flour that is ground to a greater degree compared to fine barley flour.

Barley bread
Barley bread is a type of bread made from barley flour derived from the grain of the barley plant. In the British Isles it is a bread which dates back to the Iron Age. Today, barley flour is commonly blended (in a smaller proportion) with wheat flour to make conventional breadmaking flour.
Apostolic administration
An apostolic administration in the Catholic Church is administrated by a prelate appointed by the pope to serve as the ordinary for a specific area. Either the area is not yet a diocese (a stable 'pre-diocesan', usually missionary apostolic administration), or is a diocese, archdiocese, eparchy or similar permanent ordinariate (such as a territorial prelature or a territorial abbacy) that has no mainstay prelate (an apostolic administrator sede vacante, as after an episcopal death, resignation or transfer to another territory) or, in very rare cases, has an incapacitated head (apostolic administrator sede plena). The title also applies to an outgoing incumbent while awaiting for the date of assuming his new position or date of effectivity of a retirement.

Ordinary (church officer)
An ordinary (from Latin ordinarius) is an officer of a church or civic authority who by reason of office has ordinary power to execute laws.

Such officers are found in hierarchically organised churches of Western Christianity which have an ecclesiastical legal system. For example, diocesan bishops are ordinaries in the Catholic Church and the Church of England. In Eastern Christianity, a corresponding officer is called a hierarch (from Greek ἱεράρχης hierarkhēs "president of sacred rites, high-priest" which comes in turn from τὰ ἱερά ta hiera, "the sacred rites" and ἄρχω arkhō, "I rule").

During at least the 17th and 18th centuries the title of Ordinary was used for prison chaplains in England, such as the one who attended condemned men before their execution at Newgate.
Henry Darrow
Henry Darrow (born Enrique Tomás Delgado Jiménez; September 15, 1933 – March 14, 2021) was an American character actor of stage and film known for his role as Manolito "Mano" Montoya on the 1960s television series The High Chaparral. In film, Darrow played the corrupt and vengeful Trooper Hancock in The Hitcher.  During the 1970s and 1980s, he was seen in numerous guest starring television roles.  Darrow replaced Efrem Zimbalist Jr. as Zorro's father Don Alejandro de la Vega in the 1990s television series Zorro.

Zorro (1990 TV series)
Zorro (also known as The New Zorro, New World Zorro, and Zorro 1990) is an American Western superhero television series featuring Duncan Regehr as the character of Zorro. Regehr portrayed the fearless Spanish hero and fencer on The Family Channel from 1990 to 1993. The series was shot entirely in Madrid, Spain and produced by New World Television (U.S.), The Family Channel (U.S.), Ellipse Programme of Canal Plus (France), Beta TV (Germany), and RAI (Italy). 88 episodes of the series were produced, Raymond Austin directed 55 episodes and produced 37. There were 10 more  episodes made than the first Zorro television series, which was produced by Disney in the late 1950s.

Since 2011, the series is airing in the United States on Retro Television Network as The New Zorro. Sony Pictures is the distributor for this version of Zorro.
Wink Spudders
The Wink Spudders were a minor league baseball team based in Wink, Texas. In 1937 and 1938, the Spudders played exclusively as members of the Class D level West Texas-New Mexico League, winning the 1937 league championship. Wink hosted minor league home games at Spudder Park.

West Texas–New Mexico League
The West Texas–New Mexico League was a minor league baseball league that operated from 1937 through 1955, with a hiatus from 1943 to 1945 during World War II. The league started as a Class D level league, upgraded to Class C in 1946 and then a final advancement to Class B level status in 1955. League franchises were based exclusively in New Mexico and Texas.
Fairey III
The Fairey Aviation Company Fairey III was a family of British reconnaissance biplanes that enjoyed a very long production and service history in both landplane and seaplane variants. First flying on 14 September 1917, examples were still in use during the Second World War.

Fairey Gordon
The Fairey Gordon was a British light bomber (2-seat day bomber) and utility aircraft of the 1930s.

The Gordon was a conventional two-bay fabric-covered metal biplane. It was powered by 525–605 horsepower (391–451 kW) variants of the Armstrong Siddeley Panther IIa engine. Armament was one fixed, forward-firing .303-inch (7.7 mm) Vickers machine gun and a .303-inch (7.7 mm) Lewis Gun in the rear cockpit, plus 500 pounds (230 kg) of bombs. The aircraft was somewhat basic; instruments were airspeed indicator, altimeter, oil pressure gauge, tachometer, turn and bank indicator and compass.
Tagaytay–Calamba Road
The Tagaytay–Calamba Road is a  two- to four-lane, secondary and tertiary road in Laguna and Cavite, Philippines. It connects the city of Calamba in Laguna and the city of Tagaytay in Cavite.

The segment of road from its western terminus at Tagaytay Rotonda to Ligaya Drive, both in Tagaytay, forms part of National Route 421 (N421) of the Philippine highway network, while the rest of the road remains unnumbered.

Tagaytay
Tagaytay ([tɐgaɪˈtaɪ]), officially the City of Tagaytay (Filipino: Lungsod ng Tagaytay), is a  component city in the province of Cavite, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 87,811 people.

It is one of the country's most popular destinations for domestic tourism because of its scenery and cooler climate provided by its elevation.  Tagaytay overlooks Taal Lake in Batangas and provides views of Taal Volcano Island in the middle of the lake through various vantage points situated in the city.
Jecheon station
Jecheon station is a railway station in the city of Jecheon. It is on the Jungang Line and the Taebaek Line. This station is also served by all Chungbuk Line passenger services. Currently, passenger trains stop 56 weekdays and 58 holidays, and cargo transportation such as cement in Danyang and Yeongwol and coal in Taebaek accounts for a large proportion.

Jungang line
The Jungang line (Korean: 중앙선; Hanja: 中央線; lit. Central line) is a railway line connecting Cheongnyangni in Seoul to Moryang in Gyeongju in South Korea, traversing central South Korea from the northwest to the southeast. It is also referred to as the rail line of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway from Yongsan station to Jipyeong station. The section from Cheongnyangni to Dodam was designated as a semi-high-speed railway.
Olefin metathesis
In organic chemistry, olefin metathesis or alkene metathesis is an organic reaction that entails the redistribution of fragments of alkenes (olefins) by the breaking and regeneration of carbon-carbon double bonds. Because of the relative simplicity of olefin metathesis, it often creates fewer undesired by-products and hazardous wastes than alternative organic reactions. For their elucidation of the reaction mechanism and their discovery of a variety of highly active catalysts, Yves Chauvin, Robert H. Grubbs, and Richard R. Schrock were collectively awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Robert H. Grubbs
Robert Howard Grubbs ForMemRS (February 27, 1942 – December 19, 2021) was an American chemist and the Victor and Elizabeth Atkins Professor of Chemistry at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California. He was a co-recipient of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on olefin metathesis.

Grubbs was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2015 for developments in catalysts that have enabled commercial products.

He was a co-founder of Materia, a university spin-off startup to produce catalysts.
NZR WF class
The NZR WF class were steam locomotives designed, built and used by New Zealand Railways (NZR). Their wheel arrangement is described by the Whyte notation 2-6-4T and the first members of the class entered service in 1904. The locomotives were tank engines designed by the Railways Department's Chief Mechanical Engineer A. L. Beattie, and were mainly built for suburban duties such as those between Christchurch and Lyttelton. They also saw main-line service in the Taranaki region, but most of the class members were assigned to branch line and local services throughout the country. Two were experimentally converted to oil burners in 1909-1910. The tests were satisfactory, but as coal was much cheaper than oil at the time, no further conversions took place.

There were 41 in the class; built by Addington Workshops (10), Hillside Workshops (16), and A & G Price of Thames (15).

NZR WA class
The NZR WA class locomotives were a class of tank locomotive built by New Zealand Railways (NZR). Eleven were built at NZR's own Addington Workshops in Christchurch and Hillside Workshops in Dunedin. Four more were converted from old J class 2-6-0 locomotives.

Three were fitted with brakes to assist descent on the Fell-operated Rewanui and Roa inclines on the South Island's West Coast Region. These were among the last in use.
Funk Mobb
Funk Mobb was an American, short-lived rap group composed of Bay Area rappers, K-1, G-Note and Mac Shawn who were signed by Sick Wid It and Jive Records. They were active from 1994 to 1998, first appearing on Little Bruce's debut album, XXXtra Mannish and then releasing their one and only album in 1996, It Ain't 4 Play. It peaked at number 46 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and at number 28 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers. After the album the group would disband with Mac Shawn releasing two albums, 1997's Music fo' the Mobb and 2001's Worldwide Bosses and Playas and even joining Death Row Records for a short while. In 1999 G-Note joined No Limit Records and changed his name to Lil Italy. There he released his debut solo album, On Top of da World.

Lil Italy
Lil Italy is an American rapper who began his career as G-Note of California rap group Funk Mobb, who were signed to E-40's label Sick Wid It Records from 1994 to 1998, when the group disbanded.

He joined No Limit Records in 1998 under the new stage name of Lil Italy, and released his first and only album with No Limit, On Top of da World, in 1999. The record peaked at #99 on the Billboard 200 and #20 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, and featured guest appearances from the likes of Silkk the Shocker, Snoop Dogg, and Magic, but Lil Italy was soon dropped from the label due to poor sales.

Lil Italy's second album, Full Blown, was distributed by independent label K-Lou in 2001, but it did not chart. In 2011, he returned after a decade-long hiatus with the new release My Life, which is only available as an MP3 download.

He was born to American parents.
Earl Peel
Earl Peel is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The Peel family descends from Robert Peel, eldest son of a wealthy cotton merchant. The family lands, known as Drayton Manor, in the County of Stafford would become more commonly known in modern-day as an amusement park. The family seat is Elmire House, near Ripon, North Yorkshire.

Arthur Peel, 1st Viscount Peel
Arthur Wellesley Peel, 1st Viscount Peel, PC (3 August 1829 – 24 October 1912), was a British Liberal politician, who sat in the House of Commons from 1865 to 1895. He was Speaker of the House of Commons from 1884 until 1895, when he was raised to the peerage.
Compagnie du chemin de fer du bas-Congo au Katanga
The Compagnie du chemin de fer du bas-Congo au Katanga (BCK) was a railway operator in the Congo Free State, Belgian Congo and later in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zaire. Most of the lines were in the southern Katanga Province, with links to the Kasai River for transport of mineral exports down to Kinshasa and onward to the port of Matadi, and a link to the Angolan railway network for transport to Lobito on the Atlantic.

Compagnie des Chemins de fer Katanga-Dilolo-Léopoldville
The Société des Chemins de fer Katanga-Dilolo-Léopoldville (KDL) was a railway concession owner in the Congo Free State, Belgian Congo.
The network was built, maintained and operated by the Compagnie du chemin de fer du bas-Congo au Katanga (BCK).
Moses Leota
Moses Leota (born 20 July 1995) is a New Zealand professional rugby league footballer who plays as a prop and lock for the Penrith Panthers in the NRL. He has played for both Samoa and New Zealand at international level. He won the 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024 NRL Grand Finals with the Penrith Panthers.

2022 NRL Grand Final
The 2022 NRL Grand Final was the conclusive and premiership-deciding game of the 2022 National Rugby League season in Australia. It was contested between the Penrith Panthers and the Parramatta Eels on Sunday the 2nd of October at Accor Stadium in Sydney. Penrith, who were both the defending premiers and minor premiers, won the match 28–12 to claim their fourth premiership title, and their first back-to-back premierships in the club's 56-year history. Panthers fullback Dylan Edwards was awarded the Clive Churchill Medal for being judged as the man of the match.

The match was preceded by the 2022 NRL State Championship and the 2022 NRL Women's Grand Final. The grand final was attended by 82,415 spectators, and was broadcast live throughout Australia by the Nine Network.
Diego de Arana
Diego de Arana (1468 in Cordoba, Spain – 1493 in Haiti) was governor of the first documented Spanish settlement in the New World, at La Navidad.

He was a sailor of Castile who accompanied Christopher Columbus on his first voyage to America, where Arana was killed by natives.

Arana is described as a native of Córdoba in the journal of Columbus. The History of the Admiral by Ferdinand Columbus says Diego was the son of Rodrigo de Arana. He was a cousin of Beatriz Enriquez de Arana, who was the mistress of Christopher Columbus.

La Navidad
La Navidad ("The Nativity", i.e. Christmas) was a Spanish fort that Christopher Columbus and his crew built on the northwest coast of Hispaniola (near present day Caracol, Nord-Est Department, Haiti) in 1492 from the remains of the Spanish ship the Santa María during his first voyage. La Navidad was the first European settlement established in the New World during the Age of Discovery, although it was destroyed by the native Taíno people by the following year.
George W. Cooke
George William Cooke CBE FRS (6 January 1916 – 10 February 1992) was a British chemist. He was the deputy director of Rothamsted Experimental Station from 1962 until 1975, and Chief Scientific Officer of the Agricultural Research Council from 1975 until his retirement in 1981.

Rothamsted Research
Rothamsted Research, previously known as the Rothamsted Experimental Station and then the Institute of Arable Crops Research, is one of the oldest agricultural research institutions in the world, having been founded in 1843. It is located at Harpenden in the English county of Hertfordshire and is a registered charity under English law.

Two of the station's best known and longest-running experiments are the Broadbalk Experiment, planted annually with winter wheat since 1843, and the Park Grass Experiment, a biological study that started in 1856 and has been continuously monitored ever since.

51°48′33″N 0°21′19″W﻿ / ﻿51.80917°N 0.35528°W﻿ / 51.80917; -0.35528
Caribou High School
Caribou High School is a public high school in Caribou, Maine, United States. It serves students in grades 9-12 from Caribou, Connor Township, Stockholm, and Woodland. The school's Future Farmers of America chapter is one of the oldest chapters in the state, and one of the school's first clubs.

Caribou, Maine
Caribou is the second largest city in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. Its population was 7,396 at the 2020 census. The city is a service center for the agricultural and tourism industries, and the location of a National Weather Service Forecast Office.
Rafida
Rafida (Arabic: رافضة, romanized: Rāfiḍa, lit. 'rejectors') is a polemical term referring to Shia Muslims. It derives from Shia Muslims' rejection of the legitimacy of Abu Bakr (r. 632–634), Umar (r. 634–644), and Uthman (r. 644–656) as caliphs, in favor of an Imamate beginning with Ali ibn Abi Talib (r. 656–661), the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

In particular, the term Rafida appears in Sunni polemics as a derogatory nickname for Twelvers, who constitute the majority of the Shia community. In turn, Twelvers have reappropriated this nickname favorably to signify their rejection of tyranny and their struggle against perceived Sunni oppression.

Reappropriation
In linguistics, reappropriation, reclamation, or resignification is the cultural process by which a group reclaims words or artifacts that were previously used in a way disparaging of that group. It is a specific form of a semantic change (i.e., change in a word's meaning). Linguistic reclamation can have wider implications in the fields of discourse and has been described in terms of personal or sociopolitical empowerment.
Corpora quadrigemina
In the brain, the corpora quadrigemina (Latin for "quadruplet bodies") are the four colliculi—two inferior, two superior—located on the tectum of the dorsal aspect of the midbrain. They are respectively named the inferior and superior colliculus.

The corpora quadrigemina are reflex centers involving vision and hearing. It consists of groups of nerve cells-grey matter scattered in white matter. It basically connects the forebrain and the hind brain. It has four corpora quadrigemina which are the reflex centres of eye movement and auditory responses. The superior part of corpora quadrigemina are called superior colliculi, and inferior part as inferior colliculi.

Midbrain
The midbrain or mesencephalon is the uppermost portion of the brainstem connecting the diencephalon and cerebrum with the pons. It consists of the cerebral peduncles, tegmentum, and tectum.

It is functionally associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep and wakefulness, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.

The name mesencephalon comes from the Greek mesos, "middle", and enkephalos, "brain".