hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Orectoloboides
Orectoloboides is an extinct genus of wobbegong sharks (family Orectolobidae). It was described by Cappetta in 1977. A new species, O. angulatus, was described from the Cenomanian age of Canada by Charlie J. Underwood and Stephen L. Cumbaa in 2010.

Wobbegong
Wobbegong is the common name given to the 12 species of carpet shark in the family Orectolobidae. They are found in shallow temperate and tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean, chiefly around Australia and Indonesia, although one species (the Japanese wobbegong, Orectolobus japonicus) occurs as far north as Japan.

The word wobbegong is thought to come from an Australian Aboriginal language and means shaggy beard, referring to the growths around the mouth of the shark.
Supraorbital vein
The supraorbital vein is a vein of the forehead. It communicates with the frontal branch of the superficial temporal vein. It passes through the supraorbital notch, and merges with the angular vein to form the superior ophthalmic vein. The supraorbital vein helps to drain blood from the forehead, eyebrow, and upper eyelid.

Superficial temporal vein
The superficial temporal vein is a vein of the side of the head which collects venous blood from the region of the temple.: 355  It arises from an anastomosing venous plexus on the side and top of the head. The superficial temporal vein terminates within the substance of the parotid gland by uniting with the maxillary vein to form the retromandibular vein.: 364
Camilla d'Aragona
Camilla Covella da Marzano or d'Aragona (fl. 1514), was an Italian regent. She served as regent of the Lordship of Gradara during the minority of her stepson Giovanni Sforza from 19 July 1483 to October 1483.

Giovanni Sforza
Giovanni Sforza d'Aragona (5 July 1466 – 27 July 1510) was an Italian condottiero, lord of Pesaro and Gradara from 1483 until his death. He is best known as the first husband of Lucrezia Borgia. Their marriage was annulled on claims of his impotence in March 1497.
Aino University
Aino University (藍野大学, Aino daigaku) is a private university in Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan, established in 2004.

Aino College (藍野学院短期大学, Aino Gakuin Tanki Daigaku) is a private junior college affiliated with Aino University. It was established in 1985 and is also located in the city of Ibaraki, Osaka.

Ibaraki, Osaka
Ibaraki (茨木市, Ibaraki-shi) is a city in Osaka Prefecture, Japan.  As of 31 March 2023, the city had an estimated population of 285,224 in 132,300 households and a population density of 3,700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 76.49 square kilometres (29.53 sq mi). It is a suburban city of Osaka City and a part of the Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe metropolitan area.
Yan Ying
Yan Ying (c. 578–500 BC), better known as Yanzi, was a Chinese philosopher and minister of the state of Qi during China's Spring and Autumn period. An elder contemporary of Confucius, Yanzi has been described as "by far the most creative thinker of the Chunqiu age". He is traditionally credited with the Warring States text Yanzi Chunqiu, the Annals of Master Yan.

Yanzi chunqiu
The Yanzi chunqiu ("Yanzi Annals" or "Annals of Master Yan") is an ancient Chinese text dating to the Warring States period (475–221 BC) that contains a collection of stories, speeches, and remonstrations attributed to Yan Ying, a famous official from the State of Qi who served Duke Jing of Qi (r. 547–489 BC). It comprises 215 stories arranged into eight chapters. The first six chapters contain accounts of Yan Ying's remonstrations with the rulers he served. The seventh chapter contains variants on stories from the first six chapters, and the eighth chapter has anti-Confucian episodes that the Han dynasty imperial librarian Liu Xiang—who compiled the received version of the Yanzi chunqiu in the late 1st century BC—considered to be inconsistent with the Chinese Classics.

The Yanzi chunqiu incorporates themes from both Confucianism and Mohism and does not fit into any single Chinese philosophical tradition.
2008–09 Louisville Cardinals men's basketball team
The 2008–09 Louisville Cardinals men's basketball team represented the University of Louisville during the 2008–09 NCAA Division I men's basketball season, Louisville's 95th season of intercollegiate competition. The Cardinals competed in the Big East Conference and were coached by Rick Pitino, who was in his eighth season. The team played its home games at Freedom Hall.

The Cardinals finished the season 31–6, 16–2 and were regular season Big East Champions (their 1st).  They defeated Syracuse 76–66 to win the 2009 Big East men's basketball tournament (their 1st). They received an automatic bid to the 2009 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, earning the overall #1 seed and were placed in the Midwest Region. They were upset by #2 seed Michigan State in the Midwest Regional final, 64–52.

2008–09 Michigan State Spartans men's basketball team
The 2008–09 Michigan State Spartans men's basketball team represented Michigan State University in the 2008–09 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. They were led by head coach Tom Izzo who was in his 14th year as head coach. The team played their home games at the Breslin Center in East Lansing, Michigan and were member of the Big Ten Conference. MSU finished the season 31–7, 15–3 in Big Ten play to win the Big Ten regular season championship by four games. They defeated Minnesota in the quarterfinals of the Big Ten tournament before losing to Ohio State in the semifinals. The Spartans received their 12th-straight NCAA tournament bid, an at-large bid as the No. 2 seed in the Midwest region. They defeated Robert Morris, USC, Kansas, and Louisville to advance to the Final Four for the fifth time under Izzo. In the Final Four, they defeated UConn to advance to the National Championship game where they lost to North Carolina.
Donald Maclean (principal)
Donald Maclean (1869–1943) was a Scottish minister and theologian who played a significant role in the Free Church of Scotland during a period of ecclesiastical upheaval in the early 20th century. He was principal of the Free Church College in Edinburgh. He was appointed professor of church history and church principles in 1920, and principal in 1942, but died the following year. He also co-founded The Evangelical Quarterly.

Edinburgh Theological Seminary
Edinburgh Theological Seminary, formerly known as the Free Church College, is a theological seminary in Edinburgh connected to the Free Church of Scotland. It traces its origins back to the foundation of New College, Edinburgh at the time of the Disruption of 1843. At the formation of the United Free Church, the United Free Church was granted the New College buildings, and so the continuing Free Church moved to new premises in 1907. It acquired its present name in 2014.
Semaphore Flag Signaling System
In computer networking, Semaphore Flag Signaling System (SFSS) is a humorous proposal to carry Internet Protocol (IP) traffic by semaphores.  Semaphore Flag Signaling System was initially described in RFC 4824, an April Fools' Day RFC issued by the Internet Engineering Task Force edited by J. Hofmueller, et al. and released on April Fools' Day 2007. It is one of several  April 1 RFCs.

April Fools' Day Request for Comments
A Request for Comments (RFC), in the context of Internet governance, is a type of publication from the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Society (ISOC), usually describing methods, behaviors, research, or innovations applicable to the working of the Internet and Internet-connected systems.

Almost every April Fools' Day (1 April) since 1989, the Internet RFC Editor has published one or more humorous Request for Comments (RFC) documents, following in the path blazed by the June 1973 RFC 527 called ARPAWOCKY, a parody of Lewis Carroll's nonsense poem "Jabberwocky". The following list also includes humorous RFCs published on other dates.
Daniel L. Akin
Daniel Lowell "Danny" Akin (born January 2, 1957) is the sixth president of Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary and the College at Southeastern in Wake Forest, North Carolina, United States. A leader in the Southern Baptist Convention (SBC), he has authored and edited numerous books and journal articles and is best known for his commitment to expository preaching and to the Great Commission.

Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary
Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary (SEBTS) is a Baptist seminary in Wake Forest, North Carolina. It is affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention. It was created in 1950 to meet a need in the SBC's East Coast region. It was voted into existence on May 19, 1950, at the SBC annual meeting and began offering classes in the fall of 1951 on the original campus of Wake Forest University (then Wake Forest College). The undergraduate program is called Judson College at Southeastern. The current president is Daniel L. Akin.

It has been accredited by the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada (ATS) since 1958 and by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) since 1978.
Hockey One
The Liberty Hockey One is a field hockey competition organised by Hockey Australia, which replaced the Australian Hockey League.

Dual competitions are conducted for both men's and women's teams, with parallel fixtures for both competitions throughout the regular season. The league serves as Australia's premier domestic hockey league, helping unearth future talent for selection to the Australian national teams; the Kookaburras and Hockeyroos.

The NSW Pride and the Brisbane Blaze are currently the most successful teams, winning three out of six titles each. The Pride won both the men's and women's competitions in 2022, whereas the Blaze won both competitions in 2023.

Australian Hockey League
The Australian Hockey League (AHL) was Australia's premier national domestic field hockey competition. Despite its non-professional nature, it was considered one of the strongest and most competitive national hockey leagues in the world, consisting of both men's and women's competition. It included many players from the Kookaburras and the Hockeyroos, with participating in the AHL serving as a selection requirement for all Australian national squad members.

The last edition of the AHL was contested in 2018, with the league was replaced by Hockey One, Australia's new elite domestic hockey competition.
Maggie Aderin
Dame Margaret Ebunoluwa Aderin DBE HonFREng (born 9 March 1968), formerly known as Maggie Aderin-Pocock, is a British space scientist and science educator. She is an honorary research associate of University College London's Department of Physics and Astronomy, and has been the chancellor of the University of Leicester since 1 March 2023. Since February 2014, she has co-presented the long-running astronomy television programme The Sky at Night with Chris Lintott.

In 2020, Maggie was awarded the William Thomson, Lord Kelvin Medal and Prize from the Institute of Physics for her public engagement in physics. She is the first black woman to win a gold medal in the Physics News Award and she served as the president of the British Science Association from 2021 to 2022.

Chris Lintott
Christopher John Lintott FRAS (born 26 November 1980) is a British astrophysicist, author and broadcaster. He is a Professor of Astrophysics in the Department of Physics at the University of Oxford, and, since 2023, Gresham Professor of Astronomy at Gresham College, London. Lintott is involved in a number of popular science projects aimed at bringing astronomy to a wider audience and is also the primary presenter of the BBC television series The Sky at Night, having previously been co-presenter with Patrick Moore until Moore's death in 2012. He co-authored Bang! – The Complete History of the Universe and The Cosmic Tourist with Moore and Queen guitarist and astrophysicist Brian May.
3rd Bengal Light Cavalry
The 3rd Bengal Light Cavalry, also known as the 3rd Bengal Native Cavalry, was a locally recruited regiment of the East India Company's Bengal Army. Raised in 1797, the regiment took part in conflicts throughout British India, serving with distinction in the Second Anglo-Maratha War, the First Anglo-Afghan War and the First Anglo-Sikh War, earning various battle honours.

In April 1857, 85 men of the regiment refused to accept cartridges for their carbines and were tried by court-martial, convicted, and sentenced to up to 10 years' hard labour. After the men were imprisoned, the regiment freed their jailed comrades and headed to Delhi, where their arrival led to the outbreak of the Indian Mutiny. Following the events of the mutiny, all the Bengal Light Cavalry regiments were disbanded.

First Anglo-Afghan War
The First Anglo-Afghan War was fought between the British Empire and the Emirate of Kabul from 1838 to 1842. The British initially successfully invaded the country taking sides in a succession dispute between emir Dost Mohammad Khan (Barakzai) and former King Shah Shujah (Durrani), whom they reinstalled upon occupying Kabul in August 1839. The main British Indian force occupied Kabul and endured harsh winters. The force and its camp followers were almost completely massacred during its 1842 retreat from Kabul.

The British then sent what was widely termed an "Army of Retribution" to Kabul to avenge the destruction of the previous forces. After recovering prisoners, they left Afghanistan by the end of the year. Dost Mohammed returned from exile in India to resume his rule.

It was one of the first major conflicts during the Great Game, the 19th century competition for power and influence in Central Asia between Britain and Russia.
Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Play
The Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Play was an award presented annually at the Lucille Lortel Awards to honor an actor for excellence in a leading role in an Off-Broadway production. The categories were split into Outstanding Lead Actor in a Play and Outstanding Lead Actor in a Musical in 2014. The acting categories were made gender-neutral in 2021.

Ron Rifkin is the only performer to have won the award twice, from two nominations. Several musical performers won or received nominations in this category before it was split. Musical winners include Boyd Gaines (2000 for Contact) and Joel Hatch (2008 for The Adding Machine), and nominees include Deven May (2001 for Bat Boy: The Musical), Norbert Leo Butz (2002 for The Last Five Years), Hunter Foster (also 2002 for Urinetown) and Josh Grisetti and Sahr Ngaujah (both 2009 for Enter Laughing The Musical and Fela! respectively).

Lucille Lortel Awards
The Lucille Lortel Awards recognize excellence in New York Off-Broadway theatre. The Awards are named for Lucille Lortel, an actress and theater producer, and have been awarded since 1986. They are produced by the League of Off-Broadway Theatres and Producers by special arrangement with the Lucille Lortel Foundation, with additional support from the Theatre Development Fund.

Other awards for off-Broadway theatre (although not necessarily exclusive to off-Broadway theatre) include the Drama League Award, Outer Critics Circle Awards, Drama Desk Awards and the Obie Awards, as well as the Henry Hewes Design Awards presented by the American Theatre Wing.
Land of Silence and Darkness
Land of Silence and Darkness (German: Land des Schweigens und der Dunkelheit) is a 1971 documentary film about deaf-blind people and their experience of life. The film was written, directed, and produced by Werner Herzog. Rolf Illig provided narration.

Deafblindness
Deafblindness is a condition of little or no useful hearing and little or no useful sight. Different degrees of vision loss and auditory loss occur within each individual. Because of this, deafblind people require varied management plans in order to improve their outcomes in areas such as communication, education, work, and general life satisfaction.

According to the Nordic Leadership Forum on Deafblindness, it is a distinct disability, as the impairment of one organ makes it difficult to compensate for the impairment of the other.

The deafblind community has its own culture, comparable to those of the Deaf community. Some deafblind individuals view their condition as a part of their identity.
Eskender
Eskender (Ge'ez: እስክንድር, "Alexander"; 15 July 1471 – 7 May 1494) was Emperor of Ethiopia and a member of the Solomonic dynasty. His throne name was Constantine II (Ge’ez: ቈስታንቲኖስ, ḳʷästantinos; Amharic: ቆስጠንጢኖስ, ḳosṭänṭinos). The son of Emperor Baeda Maryam I by his wife Queen Romna, his early years would see the jostling for power between the nobility and the ecclesiastical elite.

During his reign, he was involved with several battles with the Adal Sultanate. At the age of 22, his death led to civil war between the supporters of his son, Amda Seyon II and his half-brother Na'od. It was during Eskender's reign that the famed Portuguese envoy Pedro de Covilham visited his court and was later forced to stay as an advisor.

Pêro da Covilhã
Pêro da Covilhã (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpeɾu ðɐ kuviˈʎɐ̃]; c. 1460 – after 1526), sometimes written Pero de Covilhã, was a Portuguese diplomat and explorer.

He was a native of Covilhã in Beira. In his early life he had gone to Castile and entered the service of Don Juan de Guzmán, brother of Enrique de Guzmán, 2nd Duke of Medina Sidonia. Later, when war broke out between Castile and Portugal, he returned to his own country, and attached himself, first as a groom, then as a squire, to Afonso V of Portugal and his successor John II of Portugal.  In 1487, his overland expedition made its way to India, exploring trade opportunities with the Indians and Arabs, and winding up finally in Ethiopia. His detailed report was eagerly read in Lisbon, as Portugal became the world's  best informed center for global geography and trade routes.
John Dartnell
Major-General Sir John George Dartnell KCB, CMG (2 April 1838 – 7 August 1913) was a British soldier and police officer who was the founder and first Commandant of the Natal Mounted Police.  A veteran of the Indian Mutiny, he saw action in every campaign in South Africa from 1879 including the Zulu War and the First and  Second Boer Wars.

Natal Mounted Police
The Natal Mounted Police (NMP) were the colonial police force of the Colony of Natal  created in 1874 by Major John Dartnell, a farmer and retired officer in the British Army as a semi-military force to bolster the defences of Natal in South Africa. When required the NMP would be assisted by the Colony's volunteer regiments including the Natal Carbineers. It enlisted European officers, NCOs and natives.  Men of the NMP fought and died in the Battle of Isandlwana and at Rorke's Drift during the Zulu War of 1879.
Venturina Terme
Venturina Terme is a frazione of the comune of Campiglia Marittima (Tuscany, central Italy).
Formerly known as Venturina, it was renamed as Venturina Terme since 1 January 2014 for the importance of its thermal activities.

Campiglia Marittima
Campiglia Marittima is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Livorno in the Italian region of Tuscany, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southwest of Florence and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Livorno. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Its toponym has been attested for the first time in 1004 as Campiglia and derives from the Latin campus ("field"). In 1862 the word marittima (from Latin Maritima) was added to underline its belonging to the Maremma, the area washed by Tyrrhenian Sea.
Day26
Day26 is an American male R&B music group formed in August 2007 by Sean "Diddy" Combs in a handpicked selection at the end of MTV's Making the Band 4. The group consists of Robert Curry, Brian Angel, Willie Taylor, Qwanell Mosley and Michael McCluney.  The moniker is a tribute to the day when Angel, McCluney, Mosely, Curry, and Taylor went from unknowns to stars.  The group released their first album, Day26, on March 25, 2008, one week after their then labelmates and Making the Band 3 winners Danity Kane released Welcome to the Dollhouse. The album's first single, "Got Me Going", was released on the finale of Making the Band 4. The album went on to debut at number one on the billboard charts. Subsequent seasons of Making the Band 4 featured the group on tour and making their second album Forever in a Day which also topped the Billboard charts.

Making the Band
Making the Band is an ABC/MTV reality television series that exists in separate iterations, each focusing on a specific music act. It spawned musical acts O-Town, Da Band, Danity Kane, Day26, and Donnie Klang. Except for the first iteration of the series featuring O-Town, all seasons of Making the Band have been overseen by Diddy, acting as the man of the house who makes the final decision on who will be in the band. MTV announced on July 15, 2019, that the series was revived and would premiere in 2020, which was then postponed to 2021 due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. However, this never materialized.
1,2,4-Trihydroxyanthraquinone
1,2,4-Trihydroxyanthraquinone, commonly called purpurin, is an anthraquinone. It is a naturally occurring red/yellow dye. It is formally derived from 9,10-anthraquinone by replacement of three hydrogen atoms by hydroxyl (OH) groups.

Purpurin is also called verantin, smoke Brown G, hydroxylizaric acid, and C.I. 58205.  It is a minor component of the classical lake pigment "madder lake" or Rose Madder.

Rose madder
Rose madder (also known as madder) is a red paint made from the pigment madder lake, a traditional lake pigment extracted from the common madder plant Rubia tinctorum.

Madder lake contains two organic red dyes: alizarin and purpurin.  As a paint, it has been described as a fugitive, transparent, nonstaining, mid valued, moderately dull violet red pigment in tints and medium solutions, darkening to an impermanent, dull magenta red in masstone.
Yasuf
Yasuf (Arabic: ياسوف) is a Palestinian village in the Salfit Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the northern West Bank, northeast of Salfit, 37 kilometres (23 mi) southwest of Nablus and adjacent to the Israeli settlement of Kfar Tapuach. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, it had a population of 2,093 in 2017. About 87% of the population relies on agriculture for income, while the remainder work in the public sector.

Kfar Tapuach
Kfar Tapuach (Hebrew: כְּפַר תַּפּוּחַ, lit., Apple-village) is an Orthodox Jewish Israeli settlement in the West Bank, founded in 1978. It sits astride Tapuach Junction, one of the major traffic junctions in the West Bank. The executive director of the village council is Yisrael Blunder, and the chief rabbi is Shimon Rosenzwieg. In 2023, it had a population of 1,606.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.