hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
First Battle of Porto
In the First Battle of Porto (29 March 1809)  the French under Marshal Soult defeated the Portuguese, under General Parreiras, outside the city of Porto during the Peninsular War. Soult followed up his success by storming the city, in the course of which thousands of fleeing citizens drowned in the Porto Boat Bridge disaster.

Porto Boat Bridge disaster
On 29 March 1809, the Ponte das Barcas (Portuguese for Bridge of Boats), a pontoon bridge on the River Douro in Porto, Portugal, was the site of one of the world's most deadly bridge disasters which occurred during the First Battle of Porto between Portuguese and French troops. While the exact number of deaths is unknown, estimates of around 4000 deaths are usually given.
Meudon Solar Tower
The Meudon Solar Tower is a 36.47-metre-tall (119.7 ft) solar tower located at the Meudon Observatory in Meudon, France. The tower houses a 60-centimetre (24 in) solar telescope and spectrograph for observing the Sun.

Construction of the tower began in 1963, and it was commissioned in 1969. The shaft of the tower has a diameter of 6.6 metres (22 ft), and, at a height of 30.57 metres (100.3 ft), the tower has an observatory floor with a diameter of 18.4 metres (60 ft). The shaft of the tower consists of two concrete tubes which are separated by a 10-centimetre-wide (3.9 in) air spelt in order to avoid wind induced vibrations.

Solar telescope
A solar telescope or a solar observatory is a special-purpose telescope used to observe the Sun. Solar telescopes usually detect light with wavelengths in, or not far outside, the visible spectrum. Obsolete names for Sun telescopes include heliograph and photoheliograph.
23rd Street (Manhattan)
23rd Street is a broad thoroughfare in the New York City borough of Manhattan, one of the major two-way, east-west streets in the borough's grid. As with Manhattan's other "crosstown" streets, it is divided into its east and west sections at Fifth Avenue. The street runs from Avenue C and FDR Drive in the east to Eleventh Avenue in the west.

23rd Street was created under the Commissioners' Plan of 1811. The street hosts several famous hotels, including the Fifth Avenue Hotel and Hotel Chelsea, as well as many theaters. Several skyscrapers are located on 23rd Street, including the Flatiron Building, the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower, and One Madison.

Fifth Avenue Hotel
The Fifth Avenue Hotel was a luxury hotel located in Manhattan, New York City from 1859 to 1908. It had an entire block of frontage between 23rd Street and 24th Street, at the southwest corner of Madison Square.
Colossal red granite statue of Amenhotep III
The colossal red granite statue of Amenhotep III is a granite head of the 18th Dynasty ancient Egyptian Pharaoh Amenhotep III. Dating from around 1370 BCE, it was found in the temple enclosure of Mut at Karnak in Upper Egypt. Two parts of the broken colossal statue are known: the head and an arm. Both parts are now in the British Museum.

The statue is made of red granite. It is fragmentary: only the head and an arm are known to have survived.

Amenhotep III
Amenhotep III  (lit. '"Amun is satisfied"'), also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent or Amenhotep the Great and Hellenized as Amenophis III, was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty. According to different authors following the "Low Chronology", he ruled Ancient Egypt from June 1386 to 1349 BC, or from June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC, after his father Thutmose IV died. Amenhotep was Thutmose's son by a minor wife, Mutemwiya.

His reign marked a time of exceptional prosperity and grandeur, during which Egypt reached the height of its artistic and international influence, making him one of ancient Egypt's greatest pharaohs. He is also one of the few pharaohs worshipped as a deity during his lifetime.

When he died in the 38th or 39th year of his reign, he was succeeded by his son Amenhotep IV, who later changed his name to Akhenaten.
Jean-Léon Destiné
Jean-Léon Destiné (March 26, 1918 – January 22, 2013) was a Haitian-born American dancer and choreographer.  He was born in Saint-Marc and moved to the United States with the dance company of Lina Mathon-Blanchet in the early 1940s.  He later studied at Howard University.  His work, becoming well known in the 1940s, often addressed Haiti's history of resisting colonialism and slavery. He also danced with Katherine Dunham's company and founded a national dance company in Haiti in the late 1940s. Destiné is known as the father of Haitian professional dance.

Lina Mathon-Blanchet
Lina Mathon-Blanchet (3 January 1903 – 11 March 1994) was a Haitian pianist, music teacher and composer. First director of the Conservatoire National, she was interested in Haiti's folkloric traditions and was one of the first performers to include Vodou-influenced theatrical performances on the public stage in the country. Founding several folkloric troupes, she led her artists on tours throughout the United States and was noted as a teacher and mentor to many prominent Haitian performers. Trained in classical music traditions she collected traditional songs documenting the lyrics, melodies, and rhythms found as traditional themes in Haitian music. She is widely recognized as one of the most influential figures in the development of music in Haiti in the twentieth-century.
Nenmara Vallanghy Vela
The Nenmara Vallanghy Vela or Nenmara Vela is an annual festival of Kerala celebrated at Nellikulangara Bhagavathy temple in Nenmara, Palakkad district.

Nemmara and Vallanghy are two neighbouring villages in the south part of Palakkad district, which is in the valley of Nelliyampathi hills. The green carpet of paddy field will turn to the festival ground in the first week of April. The Pookot Tharavadu, the feudatories of Cochin kings, organises the ceremonies and rituals in Vallanghy Desam on day of festival.The festival falls on 20th of 'Meenam' according to the Malayalam Calendar (2nd or 3rd of every April). The 'Kodiyettam' (starting) will be celebrated on 'meenam 1st' every year. The celebration continues for the first 20 days of 'meenam', and on 20th day the Vela festival will be celebrated. The annual Vela festival, celebrated by Nemmara and Vallangi villages after the paddy harvest, is noted for its display of fireworks and caparisoned elephants.

Nemmara
Nemmara is a town in Palakkad district, Kerala, India. It is administered by the Nemmara Grama Panchayat. The town hosts Nemmara Vallanghy Vela one of the popular annual festival in the state with fireworks as the major attraction. Nemmara is the entry point to the  Nelliampathi hills, which are located at the foothills of Western Ghats.
Huizhou, Anhui
Huizhou (Chinese: 徽州; pinyin: Huīzhōu) is a historical region in Anhui Province which roughly corresponds to Huangshan City today – the southernmost region of the province. In Ming and Qing dynasties, Huizhou was a prefecture corresponding to Huangshan city and Jixi County of modern Xuancheng, plus Wuyuan County in northeastern Jiangxi.  Anhui, the name of the province, is a portmanteau word combining the first characters of Anqing and Huizhou.

Wuyuan County, Jiangxi
Wuyuan (simplified Chinese: 婺源县; traditional Chinese: 婺源縣; pinyin: Wùyuán Xiàn) is a county in northeastern Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China, bordering the provinces of Zhejiang to the east and Anhui to the north. It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Shangrao.

Wuyuan, on the boundary of three provinces in Jiangxi's northeastern corner, has a landscape dotted with strange caves, deep secluded rocks and numerous historic sites. Wuyuan County is home to some of the best-preserved ancient architectures in China. Wuyuan's structures were built in 740 during the Tang Dynasty. Its remoteness and inconvenient transportation protect its villages from too many visitors.

It was a county under Huizhou, Anhui province until 1989.
Purdue Airlines
Purdue University has a history of operating airlines directly or through affiliates, including:

charter operations of its own through wholly owned non-profit Purdue Aeronautics Corporation

being briefly certificated by the US government to operate scheduled service through Purdue Aeronautics

separately briefly owning another scheduled airline, Mid-West Airlines

contributing its name to a part-owned for-profit charter jet airline, Purdue Airlines

The collapse of Purdue Airlines in 1971 happened just as Southwest Airlines was in its startup phase. Southwest hired Purdue's pilot corps and certain other employees, speeding its start.

Mid-West Airlines
Mid-West Airlines was a Des Moines, Iowa-based local service carrier, a scheduled airline certificated by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), the now-defunct Federal agency that at the time tightly regulated almost all US air transportation, to fly smaller routes in Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, and South Dakota. It was briefly owned by a Purdue University affiliate before being liquidated after the CAB refused to extend the airline's initial certification. It was one of three local service carriers (out of 19 that started CAB-certificated operations) that failed to have initial certification extended by the CAB, the other two being Florida Airways and Wiggins Airways.
J. Steven Griles
James Steven Griles (born December 13, 1947) is an American former government official and lobbyist who served as the 3rd United States Deputy Secretary of the Interior from July 12, 2001 until his resignation on December 7, 2004. Griles held the second-ranking position at the United States Department of the Interior, ranking below only the Secretary of the Interior, at the time Gale Norton.

Griles served as a Department of the Interior representative on Vice President Dick Cheney's energy task force. In 2007, he pleaded guilty to felony obstruction of justice in the Senate investigation of the Abramoff scandal, the highest-ranking Bush administration official to do so. He was sentenced to a fine and 10 months imprisonment.

Jack Abramoff Indian lobbying scandal
The Jack Abramoff Indian lobbying scandal was a United States political scandal exposed in 2005; it related to fraud perpetrated by political lobbyists Jack Abramoff, Ralph E. Reed Jr., Grover Norquist, and Michael Scanlon on Native American tribes who were seeking to develop casino gambling on their reservations. The lobbyists charged the tribes an estimated $85 million in fees. Abramoff and Scanlon grossly overbilled their clients, secretly splitting the multi-million dollar profits. In one case, they secretly orchestrated lobbying against their own clients in order to force them to pay for lobbying services.

In the course of the scheme, the lobbyists were accused of illegally giving gifts and making campaign donations to legislators in return for votes or support of legislation. Representative Bob Ney (R-OH) and two aides to Tom DeLay (R-TX) were directly implicated; other politicians had various ties.
Delia Ramirez
Delia Catalina Ramirez (born June 2, 1983) is an American politician serving as  the U.S. representative for Illinois's 3rd congressional district since 2023. She is a member of the Democratic Party.

Before her election to the US House of Representatives, Ramirez served as a member of the Illinois House of Representatives for the 4th district from 2018 to 2023. The 4th district includes the Chicago neighborhoods of East Humboldt Park, Hermosa, Bucktown, West Town, Ukrainian Village, East Village, and Logan Square. Ramirez was elected to the House in 2018 and reelected in 2020. She was the first Guatemalan American elected to the Illinois General Assembly.

In 2022, Ramirez was elected to the United States House of Representatives in Illinois's 3rd congressional district.

2018 Illinois House of Representatives election
The 2018 elections for the Illinois House of Representatives took place on Tuesday, November 6, 2018, to elect representatives from all 118 districts.  The winners of this election served in the 101st General Assembly, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 2010 United States census. The Democratic Party had held a House majority since 1997. The inauguration of the 101st General Assembly occurred on Wednesday, January 9, 2019. The Democrats flipped eight seats, while Republicans flipped one seat, resulting in a net gain of seven seats for the Democratic caucus.

The elections for Illinois's 18 congressional districts, governor and lieutenant governor, statewide constitutional officers, and the Illinois Senate were also held on this date.
Alessandro Castracani
Alessandro Castracani or Alessandro Castracane (1580 – 22 July 1649) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Fano (1643–1649),
Apostolic Collector to Portugal (1634–1640), 
Apostolic Nuncio to Savoy (1629–1634), and 
Bishop of Nicastro (1629–1632).

Diocese of Lamezia Terme
The Diocese of Lamezia Terme (Latin: Dioecesis Neocastrensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Calabria. In 1818 the ancient see of Martirano, the former Mamertum (the first bishop of which was Domnus, in 761), was united to the diocese of Nicastro. The diocese was then a suffragan of the archdiocese of Reggio in Calabria. In 1986, the historic Diocese of Nicastro had its name changed. It is currently called the Diocese of Lamezia Terme, and it is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Catanzaro-Squillace.  The name change reflects the incorporation of the comune of Nicastro into Lamezia Terme, an administrative change of 1968 on the part of the State of Italy.
Grégory Anquetil
Grégory Anquetil (born 14 December 1970) is a former French team handball player, who was part of the French team that won the 1995 World Championship; the first time France won a major international tournament. He also competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics, where he placed fourth, and also at the 2000 and 2004 Summer Olympics. At club level he played almost his entire career for Montpellier Handball.

After his retirement from the sport, he provides commentary for handball matches for Canal plus.

France men's national handball team
The France national handball team is supervised by the French Handball Federation, and represents France in international matches. It is the first handball team to have held all three titles twice (the Danish women's team also held all three in 1997, and the Danish men's team have done so in 2026), and the only national team in its sport to hold six world titles and a total of thirteen medals at the World Men's Handball Championship. With a total of five medals, including three gold in 2008, 2012 and 2021, France is also the most successful Handball team at the Summer Olympics.
Soy milk
Soy milk (or soymilk), also known as soya milk, is a plant-based milk produced by soaking and grinding soybeans, boiling the mixture, and filtering out remaining particulates. It is a stable emulsion of oil, water, and protein. Its original form is an intermediate product of the manufacture of tofu. Originating in China, it became a common beverage in Europe and North America in the latter half of the 20th century, especially as production techniques were developed to give it a taste and consistency more closely resembling that of dairy milk. Soy milk may be used as a substitute for dairy milk by individuals who are vegan or lactose-intolerant or have a milk allergy.

Soy milk is also used in making imitation dairy products such as soy yogurt, soy cream, soy kefir, and soy-based cheese analogues. It is also used as an ingredient for making milkshakes, pancakes, smoothies, bread, mayonnaise, and baked goods.

Doujiang
Doujiang (traditional Chinese: 豆漿; simplified Chinese: 豆浆; pinyin: dòujiāng; Jyutping: dau6 zoeng1) is fresh soy milk in Chinese cuisine. It can be served hot or cool, sweet or savoury. Sometimes, it is lightly curdled with vinegar. It is a common breakfast item served with youtiao.

Chinese speakers differentiate doujiang from dounai (Chinese: 豆奶; pinyin: dòunǎi), which is the dairy-like soy milk that comes in packs and are used in items such as soy latte. Usually, doujiang is served in a bowl, and dounai is served in a cup.
1977 NCAA Division I lacrosse tournament
The 1977 NCAA Division I lacrosse tournament was the seventh annual tournament hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the team champion of men's college lacrosse among its Division I programs at the end of the 1977 NCAA Division I lacrosse season.

Cornell capped off a 13-0 season with its second-straight NCAA championship, defeating Johns Hopkins in the final, 16–8. Cornell completed a second undefeated season, becoming the first team to win back-to-back championships.

The championship game was played at Scott Stadium at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia, with 10,080 fans in attendance.

Cornell Big Red men's lacrosse
The Cornell Big Red men's lacrosse team represents Cornell University in NCAA Division I men's lacrosse. The Big Red have won four NCAA national championships and currently compete as a member of the Ivy League. Cornell plays its games at Schoellkopf Field in Ithaca, New York. Three Cornell men have won college lacrosse's highest honor, the Tewaaraton Award: Max Seibald in 2009, Rob Pannell in 2013, and CJ Kirst in 2025.
Aksyon (TV program)
Aksyon (transl. Action) is a Philippine television news broadcasting show that aired on TV5. Originally anchored by Paolo Bediones, Erwin Tulfo and Cheryl Cosim, it premiered on April 5, 2010, on the network's evening line up replacing TEN: The Evening News. The show concluded on March 16, 2020. Luchi Cruz-Valdes and Ed Lingao served as the final anchors. It was replaced by Frontline Pilipinas in its timeslot.

SportsCenter Philippines
SportsCenter Philippines is a Philippine television sports news broadcasting show broadcast by TV5. The show based on the American television SportsCenter. Originally anchored by Aaron Atayde, Magoo Marjon, Amanda Fernandez and Lia Cruz, it aired from December 17, 2017 to March 7, 2020. Atayde, Marjon, Fernandez, Cruz, Jinno Rufino and Cesca Litton-Kalaw serve as the final anchors. It airs every Wednesday & Friday at 9:30 PM and Saturdays & Sundays at 9:00 PM.
United Democratic Madhesi Front
United Democratic Madhesi Front (Nepali: संयुक्त लोकतान्त्रिक मधेसी मोर्चा, transliteration: Samyukta Loktantrik Madhesi Morcha)was a political alliance of Madhesh-based political parties in Nepal created for the Madhes Movement. It was formed in 2008 by Madhesi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal, Nepal Sadbhavana Party and Terai Madhes Loktantrik Party.

Madheshi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal
The Madhesi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal (MJFN), or the Madhesi People's Rights Forum, Nepal, was a political party in Nepal. It was initially not a political party as such but a political advocacy movement demanding ethnic self-determination rights with the formation of a Madhes autonomous region for Teraibasi people, an election system based on proportional representation, and the setting-up of a federal republic in Nepal. The MJFN includes former leaders of other political parties like the Nepali Congress and CPN (UML).

The party was registered with the Election Commission of Nepal ahead of the 2008 Constituent Assembly election. On 16 June 2015, the party merged with Federal Socialist Party and Khas Samabeshi Party to form the Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal.
Violet Crumble
Violet Crumble is an Australian chocolate bar. The bar is a crumbly honeycomb toffee centre coated in a layer of compound chocolate. It was first made by Hoadley's Chocolates in South Melbourne around the year 1913; and is currently made in Adelaide, South Australia by Robern Menz after a period of ownership by Nestlé. Its advertising slogan is "It's the way it shatters that matters", and previously was "Nothing else matters". The bar shares similarities to the Crunchie bar made by British firm Cadbury. Aside from Australia, it is available in the city of Hong Kong, the US state of Hawaii, and in Mollie Stone's Markets, Cost Plus World Market, Five Below, and Ralphs within the United States.

Crunchie
Crunchie is a brand of chocolate bar with a centre of honeycomb/cinder toffee, manufactured by British confectionary company Cadbury, currently produced in Poland. It was originally launched by J. S. Fry & Sons in 1929; a very similar product named Violet Crumble was already invented in Australia in 1913. The Crunchie bar is widely available in several countries around the world and has also been grey imported elsewhere.
Arginase
Arginase (EC 3.5.3.1, arginine amidinase, canavanase, L-arginase, arginine transamidinase) is a manganese-containing enzyme. The reaction catalyzed by this enzyme is:

arginine + H2O → ornithine + urea

It is the final enzyme of the urea cycle. It is ubiquitous to all domains of life.

Ornithine
Ornithine is a non-proteinogenic α-amino acid that plays a role in the urea cycle. It is not incorporated into proteins during translation. Ornithine is abnormally accumulated in the body in ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency, a disorder of the urea cycle. The moiety derived from ornithine is called ornithyl.
Rock N Roll Rebel: The Early Work
Rock N Roll Rebel: The Early Work is a box set collection by Little Steven (Steven Van Zandt), released on December 6, 2019. The set contains Van Zandt's first five studio albums remastered from the original master tapes for the first time ever. The box set also features 51 bonus tracks, including demos, studio outtakes, b-sides, remixes, and live tracks, many of which are previously unreleased. The set also includes the 1985 album Sun City by Van Zandt's protest supergroup Artists United Against Apartheid.

The initial release of the set contains seven vinyl LPs of the studio albums along with four CDs containing the 51 bonus tracks. The set was reissued on July 31, 2020, on CD format containing 10 CDs and 3 DVDs. Each DVD contains a concert from a different live tour between 1982 and 1987.

Steven Van Zandt
Steven Van Zandt (né Lento; born November 22, 1950), also known as Little Steven or Miami Steve, is an American musician and actor. He is a member of Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, in which he plays guitar and mandolin. He has appeared in several television drama series, including as Silvio Dante in The Sopranos (1999–2007) and as Frank Tagliano/Giovanni 'Johnny' Henriksen in Lilyhammer (2012–2014). Van Zandt has his own solo band called Little Steven and the Disciples of Soul, intermittently active since the 1980s.

In 2014, Van Zandt was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the E Street Band. Van Zandt has produced music, written songs, and had his own songs covered by Springsteen, Meat Loaf, Darlene Love, Ronnie Spector,
Nancy Sinatra, Pearl Jam, Southside Johnny, Artists United Against Apartheid, and the Iron City Houserockers, among others.
Province of Girona
The Province of Girona (Catalan: província de Girona [pɾuˈvinsiə ðə ʒiˈɾonə]; Spanish: provincia de Gerona [pɾoˈβinθja ðe xeˈɾona]) is a province in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. It is bordered on the northwest by the province of Lleida, on the southwest by the province of Barcelona, on the north by France (Pyrénées-Orientales), and on the east by the Mediterranean Sea.

The population of the province in 2016 was 739,607. Its capital and largest city is Girona, with an urban area (including the neighbouring municipalities of Salt, Sarrià de Ter and Vilablareix) representing, with a total population of 144,709, 19.2% of the population. The Girona area acts as an industrial, commercial and service hub for a significant part of the province.

Girona
Girona, also known as Gerona, is the capital city of the Province of Girona in the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain, at the confluence of the Ter, Onyar, Galligants, and Güell rivers. The city had an official population of 106,476 in 2024, but the population of the Girona–Salt urban area is estimated to be about 156,400 (2020). Girona is also capital of the comarca of the Gironès and the vegueria of Girona. Since much of the old quarter of this ancient city has been preserved, Girona is a popular tourist destination. The city is located 99 km (62 mi) northeast of Barcelona.