hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yudnamutana, South Australia
Yudnamutana (/jədnəˌmuːˈtɑːnə/ yəd-nə-moo-TAH-nə), also referred to as Yuda, is a historic mining valley in the northern Flinders Ranges of South Australia. Copper was mined there between 1862 and 1865 and again from 1903 to 1912, but has been abandoned since. It is located at Mount Freeling, northwest of Arkaroola on the edge of the wilderness sanctuary.

Mawson Plateau
Mawson Plateau is a plateau located  on the pastoral lease of Mount Freeling, but within the Arkaroola Protection Area, in the Flinders Ranges, South Australia. It lies around 140 kilometres (87 mi) east of Lyndhurst, and is adjacent to the northeastern boundary of Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary, which is also part of the Protection Area.
Thekkumbhagam
Thekkumbhagam or Thekkumbhagom is the western coastal town of Paravur municipality in the Kollam district of Kerala, India.  It is located at the South-western tip of Kollam's coastal area. It is in the Arabian Sea coast. Thekkumbhagam-Kappil estuary point in the Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram coastal border is one of the emerging tourism spots in the state. On 1936, during formation, Thekkumbhagam was one of the nine territories of Paravur Panchayath. Thekkumbhagam estuary is one among the twin estuary points in Paravur. The other one is Pozhikara estuary.

Thekkumbhagam is a famous shooting spot now. Few shots of Aamir Khan's latest Laal Singh Chaddha done at Thekkumbhagam during December 2019.

Pozhikara
Pozhikkara or Pozhikara is the Western border town of the Paravur municipality in the Kollam district of Kerala state in India.  It is located at the South-Western tip of Kollam's coastal area. It is in the Arabian Sea coast. Pozhikara is a heritage site in Kerala. Visitors, including foreign visitors come to Paravur and Pozhikara to see the estuary, backwaters and beaches. As per the 2018 study report by Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute(CMRFRI) of India, Pozhikkara beach is one of the 16 best-kept beaches in India, topper from the state of Kerala.
Subvocalization
Subvocalization, or silent speech, is the internal speech typically made when reading; it provides the sound of the word as it is read. This is a natural process when reading, and it helps the mind to access meanings to comprehend and remember what is read, potentially reducing cognitive load.

This inner speech is characterized by minuscule movements in the larynx and other muscles involved in the articulation of speech. Most of these movements are undetectable (without the aid of machines) by the person who is reading. It is one of the components of Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch's phonological loop proposal which accounts for the storage of these types of information into short-term memory.

Reading
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch.

For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), punctuation, alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.

Other types of reading and writing, such as pictograms (e.g., a hazard symbol or an emoji), are not based on speech-based writing systems. The common link is the interpretation of symbols to extract the meaning from the visual notations or tactile signals (e.g., braille).

There is a growing body of evidence which illustrates the importance of reading for pleasure for both educational purposes as well as personal development.
Nagapasa-class submarine
The Nagapasa class is an upgraded variant of the Jang Bogo class, also known as Improved Chang Bogo. The vessels were built by the South Korean Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering (DSME) and the Indonesian PT PAL. As of 2021, six ships have been planned, which were divided into two batches. Batch 1 consists of three ships and all are already commissioned. Batch 2 also consists of three ships that are in the early development stage. The class is named for weapon of Indrajit, Nagapash (Sanskrit: नागपाश, romanized: nāgapāśa, lit. 'serpent rope').

Jang Bogo-class submarine
The Jang Bogo-class submarine (Hangul: 장보고급 잠수함, Hanja: 張保皐級潛水艦) or KSS-I (Korean Submarine-I) is a variant of the Type 209 diesel-electric attack submarine initially developed by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) of Germany, intended for service with the South Korean Navy and Indonesian Navy. A Daewoo (DSME)-upgraded model of the Jang Bogo class Type 209 was exported by Korea to Indonesia in 2012, amid heavy competition from Russian, French, and German-Turkish consortiums including from Germany's original Type 209. The variant was considered for possible purchase by Thailand as well, as both newly built and second-hand options. The class is named for ancient Korean maritime figure Jang Bogo.
The Voice (American TV series) season 7
The seventh season of the American reality talent show The Voice premiered on September 22, 2014, on NBC. Carson Daly returns as the show's host. Adam Levine and Blake Shelton returned as coaches, while Gwen Stefani and Pharrell Williams joined as new coaches, replacing Shakira and Usher.

Craig Wayne Boyd was named the winner of this season, marking Blake Shelton's fourth win as a coach, and making Boyd the second stolen artist (and the only artist who has been stolen twice) to win the entire American season after Josh Kaufman in the previous season.

Team Adam Levine was the first team in the season where every contestant chose him.

The Voice (American TV series) season 6
The sixth season of the American reality talent show The Voice premiered on February 24, 2014, on NBC. Carson Daly returned to host. Adam Levine and Blake Shelton returned as coaches for their sixth season, while Shakira and Usher returned for their second season after being replaced by original coaches Christina Aguilera and CeeLo Green in season 5.

The Instant Save which first introduced previous season returned with a new change which eligible artists performed an additional song. Knockout rounds did not appear this season, although a similar second Battle round took its place. This is the last of the four consecutive seasons to feature a final three, and would increase the finalists to four beginning on the next season.

Josh Kaufman was named the winner of the season, marking Usher's first win as a coach. Also, for the first time in the show's history, a stolen artist went on to win the entire season.
Schweizer SGS 1-36 Sprite
The Schweizer SGS 1-36 Sprite is a United States, single-seat, mid-wing glider built by Schweizer Aircraft of Elmira, New York.

The 1-36 was first flown in 1979 and a total of 43 were built by the time production was completed in 1982. The Sprite was reportedly still available to customers in 1987, but none were built after 1982.

The 1-36 was conceived as a replacement for the One-design competition Schweizer SGS 1-26, when production of that model ended in 1979.

The 1-36 was also the last glider model that the company would manufacture. The completion of production of the 1-36 in 1982 marked the end of an era that started in 1930 with the Schweizer SGP 1-1.

The SGS 1-36 Sprite was the only glider produced by Schweizer that was given an official marketing name.

Schweizer SGS 1-26
The Schweizer SGS 1-26 is a United States One-Design, single-seat, mid-wing glider built by Schweizer Aircraft of Elmira, New York.

The SGS 1-26 enjoyed a very long production run from its first flight in 1954 until 1979, when production was ended. The 1-26 was replaced in production by the Schweizer SGS 1-36 Sprite. The 1-26 is the most numerous sailplane found in the US.

In October 1963 a special issue of Soaring magazine was dedicated to the 1-26. Harner Selvidge wrote:

"Much of the glamour of soaring lies in the realm of high performance, high aspect ratio open class sailplanes, but the backbone of the soaring movement in this country, and any other, lies in the local club operations. These are the weekend fliers who have fun around the airport, make some cross-country flights and enter local contests. For this sort of flying, the 1-26 is unexcelled."
1876 Democratic National Convention
The 1876 Democratic National Convention assembled in St. Louis just nine days after the conclusion of the Republican National Convention in Cincinnati.

This was the first political convention held west of the Mississippi River. St. Louis was notified in February 1876 that it had been selected. Among the events was a fireworks display from the top of the Old Courthouse.

1876 Republican National Convention
The 1876 Republican National Convention was a presidential nominating convention held at the Exposition Hall in Cincinnati, Ohio on June 14–16, 1876. President Ulysses S. Grant had considered seeking a third term, but with various scandals, a poor economy and heavy Democratic gains in the House of Representatives that led many Republicans to repudiate him, he declined to run. The convention resulted in the nomination of Governor Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio for president and Representative William A. Wheeler of New York for vice president.

The Republican ticket of Hayes and Wheeler went on to lose the popular vote to Democrats Samuel J. Tilden and Thomas A. Hendricks in the election of 1876, but won the electoral vote after a controversy which was resolved by the Compromise of 1877.
Counter Terrorism and Intelligence Bureau
Counter Terrorism and Intelligence Bureau, more commonly known as CTIB, is a Bangladeshi elite covert intelligence unit of the Directorate General of Forces Intelligence. The unit is tasked with combatting terrorism, gathering information about any internal or external threat to Bangladesh and counter-attack. Since the formation of CTIB in 2006, terrorist activities have decreased in Bangladesh.

Directorate General of Forces Intelligence
The Directorate General of Forces Intelligence (Bengali: প্রতিরক্ষা গোয়েন্দা মহাপরিদপ্তর), commonly known by its acronym DGFI, is the defense intelligence agency of the Bangladesh Armed Forces, responsible for the collection, collation, and evaluation of strategic and topographic information, primarily through human intelligence (HUMINT). As one of the principal members of the Bangladesh Intelligence Community, the DGFI reports to its Director-General under the executive authority of the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. The agency is primarily focused on providing intelligence support to the Prime Minister, the Cabinet, and the Armed Forces of Bangladesh.
Red phosphorus
Red phosphorus is the common name of several forms of elemental phosphorus, often considered one of its allotropes. Its most common shape is an amorphous polymeric red solid that is stable in air.

Amorphous red phosphorus is easily obtained when exposing white phosphorus to sunlight or heating, which was discovered in 1847 by Anton von Schrötter. When sublimed in a vacuum, amorphous red phosphorous can transform into a crystalline form, known either as violet or Hittorf's phosphorus, after the name of its discoverer. When this process is carried out in the presence of iodine, another crystalline is obtained alongside it, called fibrous red phosphorus.

Applications of amorphous red phosphorus include matches and fire retardants.

Allotropes of phosphorus
Elemental phosphorus can exist in several allotropes, the most common of which are white and red solids. Solid violet and black allotropes are also known. Gaseous phosphorus exists as diphosphorus and atomic phosphorus.
Guilin Qifengling Airport
Guilin Qifengling Airport is a military airport in Guilin, Guangxi, China. Built in 1958, the airport originally served all commercial traffic to Guilin. It was poorly equipped to handle the rapid increase in tourism to the city during the 1990s. As a result, Guilin Liangjiang International Airport was opened in 1996 and all commercial flights shifted to it.

Guilin Liangjiang International Airport
Guilin Liangjiang International Airport (IATA: KWL, ICAO: ZGKL) is an international airport serving the city of Guilin in South Central China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It is located in Liangjiang Town, about 28 km (17 mi) southwest of the city center.

In 2024, Guilin Liangjiang International Airport was the 49th busiest airport in China with 5,932,075 passengers. Around 4 million passengers transit through Liangjiang Airport annually, traveling to one of the 48 domestic and international destinations served nonstop from Guilin.
Iloilo River
The Iloilo River is an estuarine river located in the southeastern part of the province of Iloilo, in Western Visayas, Philippines. The river starts in Oton at the Batiano estuary, then traverses through the Iloilo City districts of Arevalo, Molo, Mandurriao, La Paz, Lapuz, and the City Proper, before emptying into the Iloilo Strait.

As an estuary, the river level fluctuates with the tides. This flow brings in nutrients from the sea, which makes the Iloilo River a nursery for fish species such as bangus and tilapia. The banks of the river are home to 22 of the country's 35 mangrove species, as well as the rare metapenaeus insolitus.

Batiano River
The Batiano River is a river located in the province of Iloilo, in Western Visayas, Philippines. The river originates in the Iloilo-Batiano River Basin in Oton and flows to the Molo district of Iloilo City, which then empties into the Iloilo Strait. It has a basin size of 95.1 square kilometres (36.7 sq mi) and an approximate length of 17.5 kilometres (10.9 mi).
Toyota Gazoo Racing WRT
The Toyota Gazoo Racing World Rally Team is a competitor of the World Rally Championship (WRC) based in Finland, serving as the entry for the car manufacturer Toyota. Its team principal is former WRC driver Jari-Matti Latvala and its drivers for 2023 include reigning champion Kalle Rovanperä, alongside Elfyn Evans, Takamoto Katsuta and Sébastien Ogier. The team made its debut during the 2017 season, where it entered the Toyota Yaris WRC.

The team is a separate operational unit to the Toyota Gazoo Racing team that competes in the World Endurance Championship, but both are a part of Toyota Gazoo Racing Europe.

In 2018, the team won the championship for manufacturers, Toyota's first since 1999, followed by more wins in 2021 and 2022. The team have also delivered championship titles for drivers and co-drivers from 2019 to 2023.

Toyota Gazoo Racing Europe
50°54′54″N 6°51′47″E﻿ / ﻿50.9148623°N 6.8630095°E﻿ / 50.9148623; 6.8630095

Toyota Racing GmbH (TRG) is an automotive engineering and motorsport services facility based in Cologne, Germany. It is fully-owned and controlled by Toyota Motor Corporation.

TRG's principal operation is technical development of motorsport vehicles and their competitive entries on behalf of Toyota's Gazoo Racing brand in the FIA's World Endurance Championship (WEC) and World Rally Championship (WRC). The latter is run from a satellite facility in Jyväskylä, Finland, known as Toyota Gazoo Racing WRT.

TRG was also previously known as Andersson Motorsport, Toyota Motorsport GmbH (TMG) (both of which ran Toyota Team Europe (TTE) entries in the WRC), and Toyota Gazoo Racing Europe GmbH (TGR-E).
Inverkip
Inverkip (/ˌɪnvərˈkɪp/; Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Chip) is a small town and parish in the Inverclyde council area and historic county of Renfrewshire in the west central Lowlands of Scotland, 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Greenock and 8.1 miles (13 km) north of Largs on the A78 trunk road. The town takes its name from the River Kip and is served by Inverkip railway station.

Kip Water, Inverclyde
Kip Water, also known as the River Kip, is a short river in Inverclyde, Scotland which gives the village of Inverkip its name (Inverkip = mouth of the River Kip). It originates at Cornalees in the hills between Inverkip and Greenock and runs through Shielhill Glen, Dunrod Glen and the Kip Valley before entering the Firth of Clyde at Kip Marina in Inverkip.
Hilary of Poitiers
Hilary of Poitiers (Latin: Hilarius Pictaviensis; c. 310 – c. 367) was Bishop of Poitiers and a Doctor of the Church. He was sometimes referred to as the "Hammer of the Arians" (Malleus Arianorum) and the "Athanasius of the West". His name comes from the Latin word for happy or cheerful. In addition to his important work as bishop, Hilary was married and the father of Abra of Poitiers, a nun and saint who became known for her charity.

Abra of Poitiers
Abra of Poitiers/ˈæbrə/ (c. 343 – c. 360), Afra or Apra is a Christian saint who may have lived in the 4th century.

Her existence is historically uncertain, but she may have been the daughter of Hilary of Poitiers.
Complex crater
Complex craters are a type of large impact crater morphology. Complex craters are classified into two groups: central-peak craters and peak-ring craters. Peak-ring craters have diameters that are larger than central-peak craters and have a ring of raised massifs which are roughly half the rim-to-rim diameter, instead of a central peak.

Peak ring
A peak ring crater is a type of complex crater, which is different from a multi-ringed basin or central-peak crater. A central peak is not seen; instead, a roughly circular ring or plateau, possibly discontinuous, surrounds the crater's center, with the crater rim still farther out from the center.
Warhammer 40,000: Boltgun 2
Warhammer 40,000: Boltgun 2 is an upcoming first-person shooter video game developed by Auroch Digital and published by Big Fan Games, a label of Devolver Digital. It is set in the Warhammer 40,000 universe and is a direct sequel to Warhammer 40,000: Boltgun. It was announced in May 2025 and is scheduled to release in 2026 for PlayStation 5, Windows and Xbox Series X/S.

Warhammer 40,000: Boltgun
Warhammer 40,000: Boltgun is a 2023 first-person shooter video game developed by Auroch Digital and published by Focus Entertainment. It is set in the Warhammer 40,000 universe. It was released on May 23, 2023 for Windows, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S. A sequel, Warhammer 40,000: Boltgun 2, is in development.
Habibullah Kalakani
Habibullah Kalakani, (‎born Habibullah Khan; 1870 or 1891 – 1 November 1929) titularly known as Habibullah Khan III, and derogatively known as "Bacha-yi Saqaw", was the Emir of Afghanistan from 17 January to 13 October 1929, and the former leader of the Saqqawists. During the Afghan Civil War (1928–1929), he captured vast swathes of Afghanistan and ruled Kabul during what is known in Afghan historiography as the "Saqqawist period". No country recognized Kalakani as ruler of Afghanistan.

During the 1928–1929 Afghan Civil War, he contested the Afghan throne with King Amanullah Khan. After defeating Amanullah, he was eventually defeated by Mohammad Nadir Shah. Khalilullah Khalili, a noted historian and Kohistani poet laureate, depicted King Habibullah Kalakani as the "best manager of governmental imports and exports".

Mohammad Nadir Shah
Mohammad Nadir Shah (9 April 1883 – 8 November 1933) was King of Afghanistan from 1929 until his assassination in 1933. He became the king after crushing the Afghan Civil War of 1928–1929. Previously, he served as Minister of War, Afghan Ambassador to France, and as a general in the Royal Afghan Army. He and his son Mohammad Zahir Shah, who succeeded him, were part of the Musahiban.
Nepenthes villosa
Nepenthes villosa /nɪˈpɛnθiːz vɪˈloʊzə/, or the villose pitcher-plant, is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Mount Kinabalu and neighbouring Mount Tambuyukon in northeastern Borneo. It grows at higher elevations than any other Bornean Nepenthes species, occurring at elevations of over 3,200 m (10,500 ft). Nepenthes villosa is characterised by its highly developed and intricate peristome, which distinguishes it from the closely related N. edwardsiana and N. macrophylla.

The specific epithet villosa is Latin for "hairy" and refers to the dense indumentum of this species.

Nepenthes macrophylla
Nepenthes macrophylla /nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌmækroʊˈfɪlə/, the large-leaved pitcher-plant, is a tropical pitcher plant known only from a very restrictive elevation on Mount Trusmadi in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo.

Nepenthes macrophylla was once thought to be a subspecies of N. edwardsiana, but differs from that species in several aspects of pitcher and leaf morphology.
FedEx
FedEx Corporation, originally known as Federal Express Corporation, is an American multinational conglomerate holding company specializing in transportation, e-commerce, and business services. The company is headquartered in Memphis, Tennessee. The name "FedEx" is a syllabic abbreviation of its original air division, Federal Express, which operated under this name from 1973 until 1994.

FedEx is best known for its delivery service,  as well as FedEx Express, FedEx Ground, FedEx Office, FedEx Supply Chain, FedEx Freight, and several other services through a network of subsidiaries. These expansions have often been strategic moves to compete with its primary rival, UPS.

The company's air shipping operations are centralized at its primary hub at Memphis International Airport, making it a critical hub for global logistics.

FedEx Express
FedEx Express is an American cargo airline based in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. As of 2023, it was the world's largest cargo airline in terms of fleet size and freight tons flown. It is the namesake and leading subsidiary of FedEx Corporation, delivering freight and packages to more than 375 destinations over 220 countries and territories across six continents each day.

The company's global "Super Hub" is located at Memphis International Airport. In the United States, FedEx Express has a national hub at Indianapolis International Airport, and regional hubs at airports in Anchorage, Fort Worth, Greensboro, Miami, Newark, Oakland and Ontario. International regional hubs are located at airports in Cologne/Bonn, Dubai, Bengaluru, Delhi, Guangzhou, Istanbul, Liege, Milan, Mumbai, Osaka, Paris, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Taipei, Tokyo, and Toronto.
Mount Michael Abbey
Mount Michael Abbey is a Benedictine monastery outside Elkhorn, Nebraska. It is located in the Archdiocese of Omaha. The Abbey sits within 400 acre grounds just northwest of the city. The majority of which is a mixture of cropland, pasture, and woodlands. Also on the property are the buildings of the high school (which was founded by the Abbey), multiple guest houses, barns for the farm equipment, and outdoor shrines for monks and visitors to reflect and pray. The abbey is part of the Swiss-American Congregation and traces its roots to Engelberg Abbey in Switzerland and Immaculate Conception Abbey in Missouri.

Conception Abbey
Conception Abbey is a monastery of the Swiss-American Congregation of the Benedictine Confederation, located in Conception, Missouri. Founded by the Swiss Engelberg Abbey in 1873, it was raised to a conventual priory in 1876 and elevated to an abbey in 1881. In 2021 the community numbered 58 monks. They administer Conception Seminary College, the Printery House, and the Abbey Guest Center. Monks also serve in the Diocese of Kansas City–Saint Joseph and elsewhere.
Emperor Zhenzong
Emperor Zhenzong of Song (23 December 968 – 23 March 1022), personal name Zhao Heng, was the third emperor of the Song dynasty of China. He reigned from 997 to his death in 1022. His personal name was originally Zhao Dechang, but was changed to Zhao Yuanxiu in 983, Zhao Yuankan in 986, and finally Zhao Heng in 995. He was the third son of his predecessor, Emperor Taizong, and was succeeded by his sixth son, Emperor Renzong at the end of his reign. From 1020 he was seriously ill, but retained power despite this. Because of his illness, day-to-day rule of China was often placed in the hands of his third wife, Empress Liu.

Emperor Renzong of Song
Emperor Renzong of Song (30 May 1010 – 30 April 1063), personal name Zhao Zhen, was the fourth emperor of the Northern Song dynasty of China. He reigned for about 41 years from 1022 to his death in 1063, making him the longest reigning Song dynasty emperor. He was the sixth son of his predecessor, Emperor Zhenzong, and was succeeded by his cousin's son, Zhao Shu who took the throne as Emperor Yingzong because his own sons died prematurely.