hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
London Museum of Water & Steam
London Museum of Water & Steam  is an independent museum founded in 1975 as the Kew Bridge Steam Museum. It was rebranded in early 2014 following a major investment project.

Situated on the site of the old Kew Bridge Pumping Station in Brentford, near Kew Bridge on the River Thames in West London, England, the museum is centred on a collection of stationary water pumping steam engines dating from 1820 to 1910. It is the home of the world's largest collection of Cornish engines, including the Grand Junction 90 inch (which was for a time the world's largest working beam engine) and the 100 inch engine, the largest surviving single-cylinder beam engine in the world.

The museum is an anchor point on the European Route of Industrial Heritage (ERIH).

Cornish engine
A Cornish engine is a type of steam engine developed in Cornwall, England, mainly for pumping water from a mine.  It is a form of beam engine that uses steam at a higher pressure than the earlier engines designed by James Watt.  The engines were also used for powering man engines to assist the underground miners' journeys to and from their working levels, for winching materials into and out of the mine, and for powering on-site ore stamping machinery.
Mississippi University for Women
Mississippi University for Women (MUW or "The W") is a coeducational public university in Columbus, Mississippi. It was formerly named the "Industrial Institute and College for the Education of White Girls" and later the "Mississippi State College for Women". Men have been admitted to MUW since 1982 and as of 2022 made up 23 percent of the student body.  As a public liberal arts college, MUW is one of  30 universities in the United States and Canada that comprise the Council of Public Liberal Arts Colleges.

Columbus, Mississippi
Columbus is a city in and the county seat of Lowndes County, on the eastern border of Mississippi, United States, located primarily east, but also north and northeast of the Tombigbee River, which is also part of the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway. It is approximately 146 miles (235 km) northeast of Jackson, 92 miles (148 km) north of Meridian, 63 miles (101 km) south of Tupelo, 60 miles (97 km) northwest of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and 120 miles (193 km) west of Birmingham, Alabama.

As of the 2020 census, Columbus had a population of 24,084. Columbus is the principal city of the Columbus Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the larger Columbus-West Point Combined Statistical Area. Columbus is also part of the area of Mississippi called The Golden Triangle, consisting of Columbus, West Point and Starkville, in the counties of Lowndes, Clay and Oktibbeha.  Schools include Mississippi University for Women and Mississippi School for Mathematics and Science.
Tropical antechinus
The tropical antechinus (Antechinus adustus), also known as the rusty antechinus, is a species of small marsupial carnivore, particularly closely related to the brown antechinus (Antechinus stuartii).

It is found in a small area of tropical vine forest from Paluma (near Townsville) to Mount Spurgeon (near Mossman) in northeastern Queensland, Australia. It differs from the brown antechinus, with which it was previously thought to be conspecific, in its longer and darker fur. It shares the unusual mating behaviour of many of its relatives in that shortly after the breeding season all males die from stress-related disease.

Brown antechinus
The brown antechinus (Antechinus stuartii), also known as Stuart's antechinus and Macleay's marsupial mouse, is a species of small carnivorous marsupial of the family Dasyuridae. The males die after their first breeding season, and the species holds the world record for being the world's smallest semelparous mammal.
Aluízio Alves
Aluízio Alves (11 August 1921 – 6 May 2006) was a Brazilian journalist, lawyer, and politician. He was the governor of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, from 1961 to 1966, later being arrested by the Brazilian military dictatorship through Institutional Act Number Five (AI-5) in 1969. He was a member of the politically prominent Alves family, which has competed with the Maia family for dominance in the political scene for decades. His son is former federal deputy and minister Henrique Eduardo Alves. His other brothers Agnelo and Garibaldi, and their sons, including Carlos Eduardo and Garibaldi Filho, were and are major politicians in their own right.

Henrique Eduardo Alves
Henrique Eduardo Lyra Alves (born December 9, 1948) is a Brazilian politician. A member of the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party, he was the President of the Chamber of Deputies (Speaker) of Brazil from 2013 to 2015. His father was Aluízio Alves.
Boris Rotenberg (businessman)
Boris Romanovich Rotenberg (Russian: Борис Романович Ротенберг; born 3 January 1957) is a Russian businessman and oligarch. He is co-owner (with his brother Arkady Rotenberg) of the SGM (StroyGazMontazh) group, the largest construction company for gas pipelines and electrical power supply lines in Russia. He was listed by Forbes as Russia's 69th wealthiest person in 2016 with a net worth of $1.07 billion. He is considered a close confidant of president Vladimir Putin.

Since 2014, following Russia's annexation of Crimea, Rotenberg has been subject to sanctions by the United States government. After Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the UK government has also imposed sanctions on Rotenberg.

Arkady Rotenberg
Arkady Romanovich Rotenberg (Russian: Аркадий Романович Ротенберг; born 15 December 1951) is a Russian billionaire businessman and oligarch. With his brother Boris Rotenberg, he was co-owner of the Stroygazmontazh (S.G.M. group), the largest construction company for gas pipelines and electrical power supply lines in Russia.

In 2023 Forbes estimated Rotenberg's wealth at $3.5 billion. He is a close confidant, business partner, and childhood friend of president Vladimir Putin. Rotenberg became a billionaire through lucrative state-sponsored construction projects and oil pipelines. The Pandora Papers leak implicated Rotenberg in facilitating and maintaining elaborate networks of offshore wealth for Russian political and economic elites.

Since 2014, following the Russian annexation of Crimea, Arkady Rotenberg has been subject to sanctions by the United States government.
Neuse River
The Neuse River (/nuːs/ NOOSE, Tuscarora: Neyuherú·kęʔkì·nęʔ) is a river rising in the Piedmont of North Carolina and emptying into Pamlico Sound below New Bern. Its total length is approximately 275 miles (443 km), making it the longest river entirely contained in North Carolina.  The Trent River joins the Neuse at New Bern.  Its drainage basin, measuring 5,630 square miles (14,600 km2) in area, also lies entirely inside North Carolina. It is formed by the confluence of the Flat and Eno rivers prior to entering the Falls Lake reservoir in northern Wake County. Its fall line shoals, known as the Falls of the Neuse, lie submerged under the waters of Falls Lake. The Neuse River Trail is a 34.5 miles (55.5 km) long greenway that stretches from Falls Lake Dam, Raleigh, North Carolina to Legend Park, Clayton, North Carolina.

Trent River (North Carolina)
The Trent River is a fresh water river of the coastal plain region of eastern North Carolina.  It flows in an easterly direction from its origin approximately 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Kinston, North Carolina and traverses portions of Lenoir County, Jones County and Craven County prior to emptying into the Neuse River at New Bern, North Carolina.  Trenton and Pollocksville are small towns that lie along its course.  The river measures 720 yards (660 m) at its widest point and is fed by numerous fresh water branches and creeks along its length.

US Geologic Survey team measuring water flow on the Trent River.

Aerial photograph of the confluence of the Trent and Neuse Rivers.  East is up.  The city of New Bern is on the left.  The unincorporated community of James City is to the lower right.  The Trent flows from the bottom center of the picture.
Sucharit Suda
Phra Sucharit Suda (Thai: พระสุจริตสุดา; 13 November 1895 – 9 March 1981), formerly Prueang Sucharitakul (Thai: เปรื่อง สุจริตกุล; RTGS: Prueang Sucharitkun), daughter of Chao Phraya Sudharm Montri, was the High concubine of King Rama VI. She was a cousin from his mother's side. Chao Phraya Sudharm Montri was Princess Piyamavadi Sri Bajarindra Mata's younger brother's son. She fell out of favour, and was replaced by her younger sister, who finally became a queen – Queen Indrasakdi Sachi.

Vajiravudh
Vajiravudh  (1 January 1881 – 26 November 1925) was the sixth king of Siam from the Chakri dynasty, titled Rama VI. He reigned from 1910 until his death in 1925. King Vajiravudh is best known for his efforts to create and promote Siamese nationalism. His reign was characterized by Siam's further Westernization, minimal participation in World War I, and lavish spending on arts and culture. He had keen interests in Siamese history, archaeology, and literature, as well as economics, politics and world affairs, and founded the country's first university, Chulalongkorn University.
Grimace (composer)
Grimace (fl. mid-to-late 14th century; French: [ɡʁi.mas]; also Grymace, Grimache or Magister Grimache) was a French composer-poet in the ars nova style of late medieval music. Virtually nothing is known about Grimace's life other than speculative information based on the circumstances and content of his five surviving compositions of formes fixes; three ballades, a virelai and rondeau. His best known and most often performed work in modern-times is the virelai and proto-battaglia: A l’arme A l’arme.

He is thought to have been a younger contemporary of Guillaume de Machaut and based in southern France. Three of his works were included in the Chantilly Codex, which is an important source of ars subtilior music. However, along with P. des Molins, Jehan Vaillant and F. Andrieu, Grimace was one of the post-Machaut generation whose music shows few distinctly ars subtilior features, leading scholars to recognize Grimace's work as closer to the ars nova style of Machaut.

P. des Molins
P. des Molins (fl. mid 14th century), probably Pierre des Molins, was a French composer-poet in the ars nova style of late medieval music. His two surviving compositions – the ballade De ce que fol pensé and rondeau Amis, tout dous vis – were tremendously popular as they are among the most transmitted pieces of fourteenth-century music. The ballade is found in 12 medieval manuscript sources and featured in a c. 1420 tapestry; the rondeau is found in 8 sources and referenced by the Italian poet Simone de' Prodenzani. Along with Grimace, Jehan Vaillant and F. Andrieu, Molins was one of the post-Guillaume de Machaut generation whose music shows few distinctly ars subtilior features, leading scholars to recognize Molins's work as closer to the ars nova style of Machaut.
Matiari District
Matiari District (Sindhi: ضلعو مٽیاري, Urdu: ضلع مٹیاری) is a district in the Pakistani province of Sindh. Located on the left bank of the Indus River, Matiari became an independent district on 30 May 2004 during the military regime of Pervez Musharraf, when Hyderabad was divided into four districts — Tando Allahyar, Matiari, Tando Mohammad Khan and Hyderabad.

Tando Muhammad Khan District
Tando Muhammad Khan District (Sindhi: ٽنڊو محمد خان ضلعو, Urdu: ٹنڈو محمد خان ضلع, a district located in the Sindh province of Pakistan.

Tando Muhammad Khan District spans an area of approximately 1,423 square kilometres. It shares its northern boundary with Hyderabad District and its north-eastern boundary with Tando Allahyar District. To the south and east-south, it is bordered by Badin District, while Thatta District lies to the west, north-west, and south-west. The district's landscape is predominantly flat, with a mix of agricultural land and small urban centres.
Cold World (Godflesh EP)
Cold World is the third EP by English industrial metal band Godflesh, released in late 1991 through Relativity Records. It was recorded and mixed during September 1991 as part of the Pure (1992) sessions.

The original EP was discontinued, but, in 1996, it was reissued along with the "Slateman" single on one disc through Earache as the compilation Slateman/Cold World.  Later, in August 2009, this was reissued as part of a triple-CD package which also included the EP Slavestate (1991) and the band's second album, Pure.

Slavestate
Slavestate is the second EP by English industrial metal band Godflesh. It was released in July 1991 through Earache Records. The EP saw the band experimenting with more samples and electronic sounds than their predominantly industrial metal prior releases.
Eyepatch
An eyepatch is a small patch that is worn in front of one eye. It may be a cloth patch attached around the head by an elastic band or by a string, an adhesive bandage, or a plastic device which is clipped to a pair of glasses. It is often worn by people to cover a lost, infected, or injured eye, but it also has a therapeutic use in children for the treatment of amblyopia. Eyepatches used to block light while sleeping are referred to as a sleep mask.

An eyepad or eye pad is a soft medical dressing that can be applied over an eye to protect it. It is not necessarily the same as an eyepatch.

Blindfold
A blindfold (from Middle English blindfellen) is a garment, usually of cloth, tied to one's head to cover the eyes to disable the wearer's sight. While a properly fitted blindfold prevents sight even if the eyes are open, a poorly tied or trick blindfold may let the wearer see around or even through the blindfold.
Qalqilya
Qalqilya or Qalqiliya (Arabic: قلقيلية, romanized: Qalqīlyaḧ) is a city in the West Bank, Palestine, which serves as the administrative center of the Qalqilya Governorate. The city had a population of 51,683 in 2017. Qalqilya is surrounded by the Israeli West Bank wall, with a narrow gap in the east controlled by the Israeli military and a tunnel to the Palestinian town of Hableh. Qalqilya is under the administration of the Palestinian National Authority (as part of Area A), while remaining under Israeli military occupation.

According to Edward Henry Palmer, the name came from "a type of pomegranate", or "gurgling of water". Qalqilya was known as Calecailes in the Roman period, and Calcelie in the Frankish sources from the early Medieval times. The word "Qalqilya" might be derived from a Canaanite term which means "rounded stones or hills".

Hableh
Hableh (Arabic: حبله, also transliterated Hable, Habla, Hablah, Hibla, Hiblah) is a Palestinian village located in the Qalqilya Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the northwestern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) census, the town had a population of 7,057 in 2017.
Deaf flag
The Deaf flag or Sign Union flag is a flag that symbolises the Deaf community (especially the signing Deaf community), and is used as a form of visibility for a socio-cultural minority that is often discriminated against in various areas.

The flag was designed by the French Deafblind artist Arnaud Balard. It depicts a large open turquoise hand on another yellow hand (of which only the profile around the turquoise hand is visible). The tips of the fingers are outside the flag, so that the fingers "stretch out" indefinitely. The background colour is navy blue.

Deaf culture
Deaf culture is the set of social beliefs, behaviors, art, literary traditions, history, values, and shared institutions of communities that are influenced by deafness and which use sign languages as the main means of communication. When used as a cultural label,  especially within the culture, the word deaf is often written with a capital D and referred to as "big D Deaf" in speech and sign. When used as a label for the audiological condition, it is written with a lower case d. Carl G. Croneberg was among the first to discuss analogies between Deaf and hearing cultures in his appendices C and D of the 1965 Dictionary of American Sign Language.
T-carrier
The T-carrier system is a member of the series of data-multiplexing carrier systems developed by AT&T Bell Laboratories for digital transmission of multiplexed telephone calls.

The first version, the Transmission System 1 (T1), was introduced in 1962 in the Bell System, and could transmit up to 24 telephone calls simultaneously over a single transmission line of twisted pair copper wire. Subsequent specifications carried multiples of the basic T1 (1.544 Mbit/s) data rates, such as T2 (6.312 Mbit/s) with 96 channels, T3 (44.736 Mbit/s) with 672 channels, and others.

Although a T2 was defined as part of AT&T's T-carrier system, which defined five levels, T1 through T5, only the T1 and T3 were commonly in use.

Digital Signal 3
Digital Signal 3 (DS3 or T3 line) is a digital signal level 3 T-carrier. The signal rate for this type of signal is 44.736 Mbit/s (45 Mb). It can transport 28 DS1 level signals within its payload. It can transport 672 DS0 level channels within its payload.

Such circuits are the usual kind between telephony carriers, both wired and wireless, and typically by OC1 optical connections.
André Rigaud
Benoit Joseph André Rigaud (17 January 1761 – 18 September 1811) was the leading mulatto military leader during the Haitian Revolution. Among his protégés were Alexandre Pétion and Jean-Pierre Boyer, both future presidents of Haïti.

Rigaud rebelled against Toussaint Louverture's government, leading to the War of the South.

Alexandre Pétion
Alexandre Sabès Pétion (French pronunciation: [alɛksɑ̃dʁ sabɛs petjɔ̃]; 2 April 1770 – 29 March 1818) was a Haitian army officer and statesman who served as the first president of the Republic of Haiti from 1807 until his death in 1818. One of Haiti's founding fathers, Pétion belonged to the revolutionary quartet that also includes Toussaint Louverture, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, and his later rival Henri Christophe. Regarded as an excellent artilleryman in his early adulthood, Pétion would distinguish himself as an esteemed military commander with experience leading both French and Haitian troops. The 1802 coalition formed by him and Dessalines against French forces led by Charles Leclerc would prove to be a watershed moment in the decade-long conflict, eventually culminating in the decisive Haitian victory at the Battle of Vertières in 1803.
Johanna Langefeld
Johanna Langefeld (née May; 5 March 1900, Kupferdreh, Germany – 26 January 1974) was a Nazi German guard and supervisor at three Nazi concentration camps: Lichtenburg, Ravensbrück, and Auschwitz. She was arrested and imprisoned for her role in the Holocaust, but she escaped prison and was never tried.

Female guards in Nazi concentration camps
SS-Aufseherin (pl. SS-Aufseherinnen; German: [ˈaʊ̯fˌzeːəʁɪn] ⓘ; lit. 'female SS overseer') was the position title for a female guard in Nazi concentration and extermination camps. Female camp personnel were members of the SS-Gefolge auxiliary organization, which served the SS-Totenkopfverbände (SS-TV) in a limited capacity as these women were not formally recognized as members of the Schutzstaffel (SS).
Clase
Clase is a suburban district of the City and County of Swansea, Wales within the Mynydd-Bach ward.  Clase approximates to the housing area south of Clasemont Road between Morriston and Llangyfelach. Clase estate consists mainly of social housing which was developed from the 1950s onwards.

Morriston
Morriston (/ˈmɒrɪstən/; Welsh: Treforys [trɛ'vɔrɪs]) is a community in the City and County of Swansea, and falls within the Morriston ward.

Morriston is sometimes referred to as a distinct town (for example, the local football club is named Morriston Town A.F.C.); however, it has yet to receive a town charter. It lies three miles northeast of the Swansea city centre and is considered part of the urbanised region. It is the most populous of Swansea's electoral divisions and is situated close to other communities including Plasmarl, Treboeth, Llansamlet, Cwmrhydyceirw, Clase, Ynystawe and Ynysforgan.
St. Elmo Society
St. Elmo Society, or Elmo's, is a secret society for seniors at Yale University. It was founded in 1889 as part of the national fraternity, Delta Phi. St. Elmo's is a member of the “ancient eight consortium” which includes the seven other original societies at Yale: Skull and Bones, Scroll and Key, Berzelius, Wolf's Head, Book and Snake, Elihu, and Mace and Chain.

Scroll and Key
The Scroll and Key Society is a secret society, founded in 1842 at Yale University, in New Haven, Connecticut. It is one of the oldest Yale secret societies and reputedly the wealthiest. The society is one of the reputed "Big Three" and "Ancient Eight" societies at Yale. Each spring the society admits 15 rising seniors to participate in its activities and carry on its traditions.
USS Enterprise (NCC-1701-D)
USS Enterprise (NCC-1701-D), or Enterprise-D, to distinguish it as the fifth Federation vessel with the same name, is a fictional starship in the Star Trek media franchise. Under the command of Captain Jean-Luc Picard, it is the main setting of Star Trek: The Next Generation (1987–1994) and the film Star Trek Generations (1994). It has also been depicted in various spinoffs, films, books, and licensed products.

The Next Generation occurs in the 24th century, beginning 94 years after the adventures in the original Star Trek (1966–1969). Andrew Probert's Enterprise-D updates Matt Jefferies' iconic 1960s Enterprise design, depicting a ship supporting a larger crew on a longer mission "to boldly go where no one has gone before."

Starship Enterprise
Enterprise or USS Enterprise, often referred to as the Starship Enterprise, is the name of several spacecraft in the Star Trek science fiction franchise.

The Enterprise made for the original Star Trek television series has been called an iconic design, and it influenced subsequent spacecraft in and outside the franchise. Several vessels named Enterprise have been the main setting for various Star Trek spinoff series and films.
Tsushima (game)
Tsushima is a board wargame published by Game Designers' Workshop (GDW) in 1975 that simulates naval battles during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. Tsushima was part of a two-game collection titled The Russo-Japanese War. The second game in the box was Port Arthur, which covered the land combat during the war. The two games could either be played separately, or combined into one master game.

Port Arthur (wargame)
Port Arthur is a board wargame published by Game Designers' Workshop (GDW) in 1975 that simulates combat during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. Port Arthur was part of a two-game collection titled The Russo-Japanese War. The second game in the box was Tsushima, which covered the naval combat during the war. The two games could either be played separately, or combined into one master game.
Charlie Kelly (mountain biker)
Charles Richard Kelly (born 1945) is a mountain bike pioneer whose writing, advocacy, and entrepreneurship shaped the sport. Along with Marin County local Fred Wolfe, Kelly founded Repack, the first downhill time-trial race, on October 21, 1976, in Fairfax, California. Kelly then partnered with his then-roommate Gary Fisher and Bay Area framebuilder Tom Ritchey to found the first bike shop specifically for mountain bikes. Kelly was inducted into the Mountain Bike Hall of Fame in 1988.

Tom Ritchey
Tom Ritchey (born 1956) is an American bicycle frame builder, Category 1 racer, fabricator, designer, and founder of Ritchey Design. Ritchey is a US pioneer  in modern frame building and the first production mountain bike builder/manufacturer in the history of the sport. He is an innovator of bicycle components that have been used in winning some of the biggest cycling competitions in the world including the UCI World Championships, the Tour de France and the Olympics. In 1988, Ritchey was inducted into the inaugural Mountain Bike Hall of Fame in Crested Butte, Colorado (now located in Fairfax, California): and 2012, inducted to the United States Bicycle Hall of Fame in Davis, California.