hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Butte County, Idaho
Butte County is a rural county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,574, making it the third-least populous county in Idaho. Its county seat and largest city is Arco. The county was established in 1917 from parts of Bingham, Blaine, and Jefferson counties. The county gained territory in the Clyde area from Custer County in 1937 to reach its present boundary.

Bingham County, Idaho
Bingham County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 47,992. The county seat and largest city is Blackfoot.

Bingham County comprises the Blackfoot, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Idaho Falls-Rexburg-Blackfoot, ID Combined Statistical Area.
Michael Howlett
Michael Joseph Howlett Sr. (August 30, 1914 – May 4, 1992) was an American politician who served as the 24th Illinois Auditor of Public Accounts and 33rd Illinois Secretary of State.

Howlett was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Illinois in the 1976 Illinois gubernatorial election, following his victory over incumbent Daniel Walker in the Democratic primary. He lost to Republican Jim Thompson in the general election.

Jim Thompson (Illinois politician)
James Robert Thompson Jr. (May 8, 1936 – August 14, 2020) was an American politician and federal prosecutor who served as the 37th governor of Illinois from 1977 to 1991. He was Illinois's longest-serving governor, having been elected to four consecutive terms and holding the office for 14 years, and is also the only governor to have served more than two terms. A member of the Republican Party, Thompson was known as a "Rockefeller Republican", governing during his tenure as both a fiscal conservative and social liberal.

In later years, Thompson served as a member of the 9/11 Commission, charged with investigating the September 11 attacks.
First School War
The First School War (French: Première guerre scolaire, Dutch: Eerste schoolstrijd) was a political crisis in Belgium over the issue of religion in education. The School War marks the high water mark of the conflict between the conservative Catholic Party, and the secular Liberal Party. The war lasted from 1879 to 1884 and resulted in a period of nearly fifty years of Catholic political dominance. It was followed by a Second School War between 1950 and 1959.

Second School War
The Second School War (French: Deuxième guerre scolaire, Dutch: Tweede schoolstrijd) was a political crisis in Belgium over the issue of religion in education between 1954 and 1958. The "war" was ended by a cross-party agreement, known as the School Pact, which clarified the role of religion in the state. It followed a crisis over the same issue in the 19th century, known as the First School War.
Habibur Rahman Usmani
Habibur Rahman Usmani (1860–1929), also known as Habibur Rahman Deobandi and Maulāna Habib al-Rahmān, was an Indian Islamic scholar, Arabic writer and poet, and Islamic jurist. He served as Deputy Vice-Chancellor and later as Vice-Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband for nearly twenty-three years. He succeeded Hafiz Muhammad Ahmad as the Grand Mufti of Hyderabad State, holding the position for about one year.

His students included Shabbir Ahmad Usmani, Manazir Ahsan Gilani, Muhammad Shafi, Habibur Rahman Azami, Muhammad Idris Kandhlawi, Atiqur Rahman Usmani, Qari Muhammad Tayyib, Badre Alam Merathi, Hifzur Rahman Seoharwi, Saeed Ahmad Akbarabadi, Manzoor Nomani, and Yusuf Banuri.

Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi
Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi (known as Qari Muhammad Tayyib) was an Indian Sunni Islamic scholar  who served as Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband for more than half a century.  He was grandson of Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi, the founder of the Darul Uloom Deoband.
Mohammad Mokhtari (protester)
Mohammad Mokhtari (Persian: محمد مختاری) (September 10, 1989 – February 15, 2011) was an Iranian university student fatally wounded by a gunshot fired by the forces of the Islamic Regime on the February 14 2011 protests in Tehran. He died the next day, while hospitalized. Like Sane Jaleh, the regime tried to claim him as a Basiji, a member of the militia force of the regime always active in suppressing popular uprisings of the Iranian people.

2011–2012 Iranian protests
The 2011–2012 protests in Iran were a series of demonstrations in Iran which began on 14 February 2011, called "The Day of Rage". The protests followed the 2009–2010 Iranian election protests and were influenced by other concurrent protests in the region. Security forces quickly suppressed the demonstrations, resulting in two deaths and numerous injuries. Further protests followed, including on 20 February and 1 March, when the opposition reported around 200 arrests. Authorities subsequently managed to prevent large-scale demonstrations. The leaders of the Green Movement that had organized the protests, Mehdi Karroubi and Mir Hossein Mousavi, were placed under house arrest in early 2011 and have remained out of public view, with some government supporters demanding their execution.
Swist
The Swist (German pronunciation: [svɪst] ⓘ) is a stream, 43.6 kilometres (27.1 mi) long, in the German Rhineland. It rises on the northern edge of the Eifel at 330 metres above sea level and empties from the right and southeast into the Rhine tributary, the Erft, between Weilerswist and Bliesheim (a district of Erftstadt). Occasionally the Swist is also called the Swistbach, and locals often just call it der Bach ("the stream").

The Swist flows through the municipality Swisttal, the town of Meckenheim and Flerzheim. There are cycle paths by the side of the stream along this stretch. The Swist gave its name to Swisttal and the town of Weilerswist. Its source area is situated at the northern edge of the Eifel.

Erft
The Erft (pronounced [ɛʁft] ⓘ) is a river in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It flows through the foothills of the Eifel, and joins the Lower Rhine  (left tributary). Its origin is near Nettersheim, and its mouth in Neuss-Grimlinghausen south of the Josef Cardinal Frings Bridge. The river is 106.6 kilometres (66.2 mi) long, which is significantly shorter than it was originally. Due to the open-pit mining of lignite in the Hambacher Loch, the flow of the river had to be changed.

The Erft gave its name to the town of Erftstadt, through which it flows, as well as to the Rhein-Erft district.
Mandela: The Authorised Biography
Mandela: The Authorised Biography is a study of Nelson Mandela, the former President of South Africa, by the British journalist Anthony Sampson.

Sampson's book was published in 1999, five years after Mandela's autobiography, Long Walk to Freedom.  The book was one of the first to examine such issues as Winnie Mandela's crimes, and State President Frederik Willem de Klerk's suspected attempts to use the security forces to derail peace talks.

Long Walk to Freedom
Long Walk to Freedom is an autobiography by  Nelson Mandela, South Africa's first democratically elected President, and it was first published in 1994 by Little Brown & Co. The book profiles his early life, coming of age, education and 27 years spent in prison. Under the apartheid government, Mandela was regarded as a terrorist and jailed on Robben Island for his role as a leader of the then-outlawed African National Congress (ANC) and its armed wing the Umkhonto We Sizwe. He later achieved international recognition for his leadership as president in rebuilding the country's once segregationist society. The last chapters of the book describe his political ascension and his belief that the struggle still continued against apartheid in South Africa.
Thomas R. Kline School of Law (Drexel University)
The Drexel University Thomas R. Kline School of Law (previously the "Earle Mack School of Law") is the law school of Drexel University, a private research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Established in 2006, it offers Juris Doctor, LLM and Master of Legal Studies degrees and provides for its students to take part in a cooperative education program.

Drexel University
Drexel University is a private research university with its main campus in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Drexel's undergraduate school was founded in 1891 by Anthony J. Drexel, a financier and philanthropist. Founded as Drexel Institute of Art, Science and Industry, it was renamed Drexel Institute of Technology in 1936, before assuming its current name in 1970. As of 2020, more than 24,000 students were enrolled in over 70 undergraduate programs and more than 100 master's, doctoral, and professional programs at the university. Drexel's cooperative education program (co-op) is a unique aspect of the school's degree programs, offering students the opportunity to gain up to 18 months of paid, full-time work experience in a field relevant to their undergraduate major or graduate degree program prior to graduation.
Daniel Jones (American football)
Daniel Stephen Jones III (born May 27, 1997), nicknamed "Danny Dimes" and "Indiana Jones", is an American professional football quarterback for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Duke Blue Devils and was selected sixth overall by the New York Giants in the 2019 NFL draft.

In 2022, Jones' fourth season, the Giants made their first playoffs since 2016 and won their first postseason game since 2011. The following offseason, he signed a 4-year, $160 million extension with the team. Jones was benched midway through the 2024 season and was subsequently released after nearly six seasons with the Giants. He then joined the Minnesota Vikings in 2024, where he spent the rest of the season as a backup. Following the season, Jones signed a one-year deal with the Colts, where he beat out Anthony Richardson for the starting job.

Anthony Richardson (American football)
Anthony Dashawn Richardson Sr. (born May 22, 2002) is an American professional football quarterback for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Florida Gators and was selected by the Colts fourth overall in the 2023 NFL draft.
Hearts of Iron
Hearts of Iron is a 2002 grand strategy video game developed by Paradox Development Studio and originally published by Strategy First for Microsoft Windows. A Mac OS X version was released by Virtual Programming the following year. In 2004, Atari SA published Hearts of Iron: Platinum, an updated version that sought to improve several aspects of the game.

Hearts of Iron allows the player to take control of a nation in the world and guide it through World War II and the years immediately before and after it. Hearts of Iron is the first game in the eponymous series of grand strategy wargames. Despite receiving mixed reviews from critics, Hearts of Iron was followed by three additional games: Hearts of Iron II, Hearts of Iron III, and Hearts of Iron IV.

Hearts of Iron IV
Hearts of Iron IV, also commonly known as HOI4, is a 2016 grand strategy video game developed by Paradox Development Studio and published by Paradox Interactive. It is the sequel to 2009's Hearts of Iron III and the fourth main installment in the Hearts of Iron series. Like previous games in the series, Hearts of Iron IV is a grand strategy wargame that focuses on World War II. The player can control any country in the world, starting either in 1936 or 1939. Players have the option of following a nation's historical path, or leading various non-historical paths. The game allows players to take part in both single-player and multiplayer modes.

By May 2018, the game had sold a total of one and a half million copies worldwide. As of November 2025, the game has sold over seven million copies on Steam alone. Since its release, Paradox has released large amounts of downloadable content for Hearts of Iron IV.
Orlando Salido
Orlando Salido Rivera (born November 16, 1980) is a Mexican former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2017. He held multiple world championships, including the International Boxing Federation (IBF) featherweight title in 2010, the World Boxing Organization (WBO) featherweight title twice between 2011 and 2014. He was the first person to defeat Vasiliy Lomachenko.

Salido is known for taking part in many entertaining, classic fights, with his bout against Francisco Vargas being named 2016 Fight of the Year by several media outlets. Salido is also highly regarded for his upset wins over Juan Manuel López and Vasiliy Lomachenko, both of whom were considered to be among the best active boxers, pound for pound, during Salido's career.

Juan Manuel López (boxer)
Juan Manuel López Rivera (born June 30, 1983), often known as Juanma Lopez, is a Puerto Rican former professional boxer who competed from 2005 to 2019. He is a world champion in two weight classes, having held the WBO junior featherweight title from 2008 to 2009, and the WBO featherweight title from 2010 to 2011. As an amateur he represented Puerto Rico at numerous international tournaments, including the 2002 Central American and Caribbean Games, the 2003 Pan American Games, and the 2004 Olympics. López was considered a knockout artist at his peak in the late 2000s and early 2010s.
Playhouse Video
Playhouse Video was a sub-label of CBS/Fox Video operating from 1984 to 1989. The company was responsible for release of some older, kids and family aimed Fox films, in addition to other things CBS/Fox Video had the rights to at the time. The company was shut down in 1989, and years later, 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment made another kids and family aimed label called "Fox Family Features".

20th Century Home Entertainment
20th Century Home Entertainment (previously known as Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment, LLC and also known as 20th Century Studios Home Entertainment) is a home video distribution arm that distributes films produced by 20th Century Studios, Searchlight Pictures, Blue Sky Studios, 20th Century Animation and several third-party studios, as well as television series by 20th Television, Searchlight Television, 20th Television Animation and FX Productions in home entertainment formats.

For 38 years, 20th Century Home Entertainment was the distinct home video distribution arm of Fox Entertainment Group. It was formed in 1982 as 20th Century-Fox Video. On March 20, 2019, The Walt Disney Company acquired 21st Century Fox, and as a result, its operations were folded into Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment, Disney's own home entertainment division, where it exists today solely as a brand label.
Frank Weatherwax
Frank Thrall Weatherwax (June 23, 1902 – December 17, 1991) was an American actor and animal trainer. He is best remembered with his brother Rudd Weatherwax for their famous collie, Pal, the dog who became famous as Lassie in the 1943 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film Lassie Come Home. He also trained and owned the dog Spike, who performed as the eponymous dog in the 1957 film Old Yeller. He also trained the dog Lightning, for the 1935 movie A Dog of Flanders.

Rudd Weatherwax
Ruddell Bird "Rudd" Weatherwax (September 23, 1907 – February 25, 1985) was an American actor, animal trainer, and breeder. He and his brother Frank are best remembered for training dogs for motion pictures and television. Their collie, Pal, became the original Lassie, handled by Rudd for the 1943 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film Lassie Come Home. He also handled the dogs for the Lassie television series which ran from 1954 to 1974, and trained Spike for the 1957 feature film Old Yeller. After his death, his son, Robert, took over the training of the animals.

Weatherwax was also responsible for training the official New York Mets’ team mascot in the 1960s, a beagle named Homer.
Doe or Die II
Doe or Die II is the ninth studio album by American rapper AZ. It was released on September 10, 2021, by Quiet Money Records. Serving as a sequel to his 1995 debut Doe or Die. The album features guest appearances from Lil Wayne, Rick Ross, Jaheim, Conway the Machine, Dave East, T-Pain, and Idris Elba. The album was supported by the singles "Different" and "The Wheel". The deluxe edition was released on January 28, 2022, It features additional guest appearances from Inky Johnson and 2 Chainz.

Doe or Die
Doe or Die is the debut studio album by rapper AZ, released October 10, 1995, by EMI Records. The album features guest appearances by artists such as Nas and Miss Jones, and production from N.O. Joe, Pete Rock, L.E.S., and Buckwild, among others. The album spawned the single "Sugar Hill" - which was certified gold by the RIAA in 1995.

Upon release, Doe or Die achieved notable critical and commercial success. The album peaked at No. 15 on the Billboard 200, and No. 1 on the U.S. Top R&B/Hip Hop Albums chart. Doe or Die produced several singles, including, "Mo Money, Mo Murder," "Gimme Yours (remix)," "Doe or Die" and "Sugar Hill" - which was certified Gold by the RIAA in 1995. The album went on to sell over a million copies  A sequel, Doe or Die II, was released on September 10, 2021.
Grand Prince Wŏlsan
Grand Prince Wŏlsan (Korean: 월산대군; Hanja: 月山大君; 18 December 1454 – 21 December 1488) was a Korean Royal Prince as the oldest son of Deokjong of Joseon and Queen Sohye. His personal name was Yi Chŏng (이정; 李婷).

He become a Grand Prince in 1470. Even his father was honoured as King Uigyeong (의경왕) in 1470, Great King Hoegan (회간대왕) in 1475, and given temple name Deokjong (덕종), the Prince didn't succeed his father as a Crown Prince. Later, he built a villa in his hometown in Bukchon and spent his life reading books and writing poetry there.

Queen Insu
Queen Sohye (16 October 1437 – 21 May 1504), of the Cheongju Han clan, was the only wife of Crown Prince Uigyeong. She never was the consort of a reigning king. Nevertheless, she was honored as Queen Insu (인수왕후) and later as Queen Dowager Insu (인수왕대비) during the reign of her son Yi Hyeol, King Seongjong. Moreover, she was later honored as Grand Queen Dowager Insu (인수대왕대비) during the reign of her grandson Yi Yung, Prince Yeonsan. After her death, she was posthumously honored with the title Queen Sohye (소혜왕후).

She is mostly known for her proficiency in Chinese Classics, Confucianism and Buddhism as well, and for her involvement in the political affairs of her time, from the accession of Grand Prince Suyang to the throne to the reign of Yeonsangun. She authored the Naehun in 1475.
Laudianism
Laudianism, also called Old High Churchmanship, or Orthodox Anglicanism as they styled themselves when debating the Tractarians, was an early seventeenth-century reform movement within the Church of England that tried to avoid the extremes of Roman Catholicism and Puritanism by building on the work of Richard Hooker, and John Jewel and was promulgated by Archbishop William Laud and his supporters. It rejected the predestination upheld by Calvinism in favour of free will, and hence the possibility of salvation for all men through objective work of the sacraments. Laudianism had a significant impact on the Anglican high church movement and its emphasis on the sacraments, personal holiness, beautiful liturgy, and the episcopate. Laudianism was the culmination of the move to Arminianism in the Church of England, and led directly to the Caroline Divines, of which Laud was one of the first. The expression of this since the Oxford movement is often called Central churchmanship.

Anglican Arminianism
Arminianism is a theological position within the Church of England that became especially prominent in the second quarter of the 17th century (during the reign of Charles I). A key element was the rejection of predestination. The Puritans fought against Arminianism, and King James I opposed it before, during, and after the Synod of Dort, 1618–1619, where the English delegates participated in formulating the Calvinist Canons of Dort; but his son Charles I favoured it, leading to deep political battles. The movement was also associated with the Caroline Divines, such as Lancelot Andrewes and William Laud, who emphasised episcopal authority and liturgical reverence. The Methodists, who espoused a variant of the school of thought called Wesleyan–Arminian theology, branched off the Church of England in the 18th century.
Chilean–Peruvian territorial dispute
The Chilean–Peruvian territorial dispute was a territorial dispute between Chile and Peru that started in the aftermath of the War of the Pacific and ended significantly in 1929 with the signing of the Treaty of Lima and in 2014 with a ruling by the International Court of Justice. The dispute applies since 2014 to a 37,610 km2 territory in the Chile–Peru border, as a result of the settled maritime dispute between both states.

Chile–Peru border
The Chile–Peru border is an international border of South America. It separates Chile from Peru along a line that runs about 10 km north of the Arica–La Paz railway. The border runs from the bend of coast known as the "Arica-Elbow" at the Pacific Ocean inland in northeast direction into the Andes and the Altiplano Plateau. The border was established in 1929 with the Treaty of Lima. Venezuelan migrants seeking to enter Chile avoid the Chile–Peru border as it better guarded than the Bolivia–Chile border.

The Bolivia–Chile–Peru tripoint lies in the Ancomarca Plateau near the village of Visviri.
John Leiber
John Samuel Leiber (born October 17, 1977) is an American lawyer and politician serving as the 37th state treasurer of Wisconsin since 2022. A Republican from Racine County, he previously served as president of the parks and recreation commission in Caledonia, Wisconsin, as well as a legislative aide in the Wisconsin State Assembly.

State Treasurer of Wisconsin
The state treasurer of Wisconsin is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. Thirty-six individuals have held the office since statehood. The incumbent is John Leiber, a Republican.
Roma, Queensland
Roma is a rural town and locality in the Maranoa Region, Queensland, Australia. It is the administrative centre of the Maranoa Region. The town was incorporated in 1867 and is named after Lady Diamantina Bowen (née di Roma), the wife of Sir George Bowen, the Governor of Queensland at the time. In the 2021 census, the locality of Roma had a population of 6,838 people.

Maranoa Region
Maranoa Region is a local government area in South West Queensland, Australia. The town of Roma is the administrative headquarters of the region.

In the 2021 census, the Maranoa Region had a population of 12,825 people.
Michael Didi Adgum Mangoria
Michael Didi Adgum Mangoria, (born 1 January 1959) is a Sudanese Catholic prelate who is the archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Khartoum in Sudan, since 9 December 2016. Prior to that, from 15 August 2015, until 9 December 2016, he was a Coadjutor Archbishop of the same Catholic Archdiocese. Before then, he was Bishop of the Diocese of El Obeid, from 28 October 2013 until 15 August 2015. He served as Coadjutor Bishop of the diocese of El Obeid from 29 May 2010	until 28 October 2013. For the period from 15 August 2010 until 28 October 2013, while Coadjutor Bishop at El Obeid, he concurrently served as Apostolic Administrator of that Catholic diocese. He was appointed bishop by Pope Benedict XVI. He was consecrated bishop on 15 August 2010.

Archdiocese of Khartoum
The Archdiocese of Khartoum (Latin: Khartumen(sis)) is a Catholic jurisdiction within the Latin Church in Sudan, with its episcopal seat in the national capital of Khartoum. It is the head of an ecclesiastical province, including the suffragan Diocese of El Obeid, that covers the entirety of Sudan.
Fueled by Ramen
Fueled by Ramen, LLC (Fueled by Ramen, Inc. until 2005) is an American record label owned by Warner Music Group and distributed by Atlantic Music Group. The label, founded in Gainesville, Florida, in 1996, is now based in New York City.

Atlantic Music Group
Atlantic Music Group (formerly known as Atlantic Records Group until October 2024) is an umbrella label owned by Warner Music Group. It consists of three major labels: 300 Entertainment, 10K Projects, and Atlantic Records. The CEO is Elliot Grainge. In total, the label group has nearly three hundred artists on its roster.