hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edison screw
Edison screw (ES) is a standard lightbulb socket for electric light bulbs. It was developed by Thomas Edison (1847–1931), patented in 1881, and was licensed in 1909 under General Electric's Mazda trademark. The bulbs have right-hand threaded metal bases (caps) which screw into matching threaded sockets (lamp holders). For bulbs powered by AC current, the thread is generally connected to neutral and the contact on the bottom tip of the base is connected to the "live" phase.

In North America and continental Europe, Edison screws displaced other socket types for general lighting. In the early days of electrification, Edison screws were the only standard connector, and appliances other than light bulbs were connected to AC power via lamp sockets. Today Edison screw sockets comply with international standards.

Their types are designated as "Exx", such as "E26", where "xx" indicates the diameter of the socket in millimeters.

Screw thread
A screw thread is a helical structure used to convert between rotational and linear movement or force. A screw thread is a ridge wrapped around a cylinder or cone in the form of a helix, with the former being called a straight thread and the latter called a tapered thread. A screw thread is the essential feature of the screw as a simple machine and also as a threaded fastener.

The mechanical advantage of a screw thread depends on its lead, which is the linear distance the screw travels in one revolution. In most applications, the lead of a screw thread is chosen so that friction is sufficient to prevent linear motion being converted to rotary, that is so the screw does not slip even when linear force is applied, as long as no external rotational force is present. This characteristic is essential to the vast majority of its uses. The tightening of a fastener's screw thread is comparable to driving a wedge into a gap until it sticks fast through friction and slight elastic deformation.
Mausoleum of Njegoš
The Mausoleum of Njegoš[a] is a mausoleum interring Petar II Petrović-Njegoš located on the top of Jezerski Vrh Peak on Mount Lovćen.

The mausoleum is located twenty-one kilometres via asphalt road from near-by Cetinje and it was built on the idea of Croatian sculptor Ivan Meštrović. It was built on the same location of the Njegoš Testament Church which Njegoš had built in 1845 with the intention of being buried there and which he dedicated to his predecessor Petar I Petrović-Njegoš (who is canonized as Saint Peter of Cetinje in the Serbian Orthodox Church).

The church suffered damage from bombardment in both World Wars. In 1974, despite protest from the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral and local Orthodox Christians, the old church was ordered demolished by a commission of the League of Communists of Montenegro led by Veljko Milatović and today's mausoleum was built.

Njegoš's Testament Church
The Njegoš's Testament Church (Serbian: Његошева завјетна црква, Njegoševa zavjetna crkva) was a Serbian Orthodox church at the site of modern-day Mausoleum of Njegoš located on the top of Lovćen, mountain and national park in southwestern Montenegro. It was a chapel dedicated to Saint Peter of Cetinje, built in 1845 according to the wishes of Petar II Petrović-Njegoš, with the desire to be buried there. Njegoš died on October 31, 1851, but was initially buried in the Cetinje Monastery out of fear that the Ottoman forces might desecrate his grave. His remains were later transferred to Lovćen on August 27, 1855. The Russian ethnographer Pavel Rovinsky attended a memorial service for Njegoš. The chapel was finally demolished in 1972 to make way for the construction of the Njegoš Mausoleum, completed in 1974.
Nuxalk
The Nuxalk people (Nuxalk: Nuxalkmc; pronounced [nuχalkmx]), also referred to as the Bella Coola, Bellacoola or Bilchula, are an Indigenous First Nation of the Pacific Northwest Coast, centred in the area in and around Bella Coola, British Columbia within their wider traditional territory: Kulhulmcilh.  They speak the Nuxalk language (Nuxalk: ItNuxalkmc). Their on-reserve tribal government is the Nuxalk Nation.

Nuxalk language
Nuxalk (/ˈnuːhɒlk/ NOO-halk), also known as Bella Coola (/ˌbɛlə ˈkuːlə/), is a Salishan language spoken by the Nuxalk people. Today, it is an endangered language in the vicinity of the Canadian town of Bella Coola, British Columbia. While the language is still sometimes called Bella Coola by linguists, the native name Nuxalk is preferred by some, notably by the Nuxalk Nation's government.

Though the number of truly fluent speakers has not increased, the language is now taught in both the provincial school system and the Nuxalk Nation's own school, Acwsalcta, which means 'a place of learning'. Nuxalk language classes, if taken to at least the Grade 11 level, are considered adequate second-language qualifications for entry to the major B.C. universities. CKNN-FM Nuxalk Radio is also working to promote the language.
Kaikhosro, Prince of Mukhrani
Kaikhosro (Georgian: ქაიხოსრო მუხრანბატონი, K'aikhosro Mukhranbatoni; died 3 October 1629) was a Georgian tavadi ("prince") of the House of Mukhrani, a collateral branch of the royal Bagrationi dynasty of Kartli. He was Prince (Mukhranbatoni) of Mukhrani, ex officio commander of the Banner of Shida Kartli, and regent of Kartli from 1625 to 1626. During the civil war in 1626, Kaikhosro sided with Giorgi Saakadze against Teimuraz I of Kakheti and followed him into exile in the Ottoman Empire, where they both, after three years of military service, were accused of treason and put to death.

Giorgi Saakadze
Giorgi Saakadze (Georgian: გიორგი სააკაძე; c. 1570 – October 3, 1629) was a Georgian politician and military commander who played an important but contradictory role in the politics of the early 17th-century Georgia. He was also known as the Grand Mouravi (დიდი მოურავი, didi mouravi) in Georgia, Mūrāv-Beg in Persia and Māūrāv-Hūn or Māġrāv-Bek in the Ottoman Empire for having served as a mouravi (an appointed royal official which can be translated as seneschal or bailiff) of Tbilisi.
Col du Platzerwasel
The Col du Platzerwasel (elevation 1,182 m (3,878 ft)) is a mountain pass situated in the Vosges Mountains in the  Haut-Rhin department of France, between Sondernach and Le Markstein. It has been crossed occasionally during the Tour de France cycle race, including on Stage 10 of the 2014 race.

2014 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 11
The 2014 Tour de France was the 101st edition of the race, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It featured 22 cycling teams. The Tour started in Yorkshire, England on 5 July and finished on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 27 July. The first two stages, in Yorkshire, were informally nicknamed Le Tour de Yorkshire; its success led to the formation of the Tour de Yorkshire stage race the following May.
Undan Island
Undan Island (translated as Pelican Island, Malay: Pulau Undan) is a group of two uninhabited islets located 25 kilometres (16 mi) off the coast of Malacca in Malaysia. The larger islet houses a lighthouse built in 1880 by the British and a communication tower made of concrete, both forbidden to the public. It is connected to the smaller islet, which is accessible by foot during low tide, by a tombolo. The islet is surrounded by a variety of corals, rocks and sandy beaches and is solely reachable by boat. People mainly visit there for activities like camping, fishing, hiking, scuba diving, snorkeling and swimming.

On 4 April 2023, Undan Island alongside nearby Nangka and Dodol Islands are gazetted as a national marine park.

Undan Island Lighthouse
Undan Island Lighthouse is a lighthouse on the summit of the uninhabited islet of Undan Island, located 25 kilometres (16 mi) off the coast of mainland Malacca in Malaysia.

The lighthouse was engineered and constructed by the Chance Brothers and Company from Birmingham in 1879 and completed in 1880, as a beacon for ships travelling along the Strait of Malacca. It is octagonal and cylindrical in shape, housing the lantern and a gallery and is adjoined to a single storey keeper's house; both structures were constructed of masonry.

A more recent concrete communications tower, roughly three times the height of the original lighthouse, is cylindrical and stark in design, and situated directly beside the lighthouse.
Constantius III
Constantius III (died 2 September 421) was briefly Western Roman emperor in 421, having earned the throne through his capability as a general under Honorius. By 411 he had achieved the rank of magister militum, and in the same year he suppressed the revolt of the usurper Constantine III. Constantius went on to lead campaigns against various barbarian groups in Hispania and Gaul, recovering much of both for the Western Roman Empire. He married Honorius's sister Galla Placidia in 417, a sign of his ascendant status, and was proclaimed co-emperor by Honorius on 8 February 421. Constantius reigned for seven months before dying on 2 September 421.

Magister militum
Magister militum (Latin for "master of soldiers"; pl.: magistri militum) was a top-level military command used in the late Roman Empire, dating from the reign of Constantine the Great. The term referred to the senior military officer (equivalent to a war theatre commander, the emperor remaining the supreme commander) of the empire. The office continued to exist and evolve during the early Byzantine Empire. In Greek sources, the term is translated either as strategos or as stratelates (although these terms were also used non-technically to refer to commanders of different ranks).
Seaplane Squadron RAAF
Seaplane Squadron was a flying unit of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) between the wars.  It operated Supermarine Southampton flying boats from January 1928, as well as other types.  Along with Fighter Squadron, Seaplane Squadron was a component of No. 1 Flying Training School, based at RAAF Point Cook, Victoria. Seaplane Squadron was responsible for coastal reconnaissance, training aircrew to operate seaplanes, and supporting the Royal Australian Navy. It also conducted survey flights over remote parts of Australia and mapped the Darwin–Sydney section of the Empire Air Mail Scheme route. Seaplane Squadron was disbanded in June 1939.

Fighter Squadron RAAF
Fighter Squadron was a flying unit of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) in the early 1930s.  It operated Bristol Bulldog single-seat fighters.  Along with Seaplane Squadron, Fighter Squadron was a component of No. 1 Flying Training School, based at RAAF Point Cook, Victoria. As well as participating in training exercises, Fighter Squadron was frequently employed for aerobatic displays and flag-waving duties.
NHK Tokyo Children's Choir
NHK Tokyo Children's Choir (NHK東京児童合唱団, NHK Tōkyō Jidō Gasshō-Dan), or NHK Tokyo Children's Chorus, is the children's choir attached to the Tokyo Broadcasting Station (JOAK) of the NHK - Japan Broadcasting Corporation radio-TV network.  Since 1943 NHK had used the Otowa Yurikago Kai, established in 1933,  to be its children's choir, but since 1952 has organized its own.

Through its broadcasting and recording activities, it has played an important role in popularizing Japanese and overseas children's songs in Japan.  It also toured extensively throughout the world and has won important awards, such as in BBC World Amateur Chorus Competition (No. 2 in the children's area), the Centennial of Zoltán Kodály's Birth Competition (No. 1 in the children's area), EBU World Chorus Competition (No. 1 in the children's area), etc.

Otowa Yurikago Kai
Otowa Yurikago Kai (Japanese: 音羽ゆりかご会) is a Japanese children's choir, established in 1933. It is named for Otowa-cho, a place name in Bunkyō, Tokyo, where it was born, Yurikago, a Japanese word for cradle, and Kai, meaning an association or group.

From 1943 to 1951, it also was NHK Tokyo Children's Choir, attached to the Tokyo Broadcasting Station (JOAK) of the NHK - Japan Broadcasting Corporation radio network. They are also well known for doing several theme songs for anime and tokusatsu shows, going by the name Columbia Yurikago Kai, so named because they had a deal with Nippon Columbia.

In 1990, it appeared in an independent concert at Carnegie Hall in New York City.
International Design & Entertainment GmbH
IDE – International Design & Entertainment GmbH (IDE) was a Munich-based brand-extension company created by Philip Morris Germany in 1986. Set up under marketing director Knut Föckler, IDE developed lifestyle and entertainment ventures associated with the Marlboro brand, including the Marlboro Music record label, **Marlboro Reisen** (Marlboro Travel), and the **Marlboro/Philip Morris Design Shop** retail/catalog program.

Marlboro Music
Marlboro Music was a German record label based in Munich and active from 1986 to 2000. Operated under IDE – International Design & Entertainment GmbH (a Philip Morris Germany initiative), the imprint issued rock, club/dub, trip-hop, and later euro-dance releases. The label is unrelated to the U.S. Marlboro Music Festival.
Caergwrle Bowl
The Caergwrle Bowl is a unique object dating to the Middle Bronze Age, c. 1300 BC, originally manufactured from shale, tin and gold, and found in Caergwrle, Flintshire, north east Wales. It is thought to represent a boat, with its applied gold decoration signifying oars and waves, and either sun discs or circular shields. At both ends of the boat is a pair of oculi or 'eyes'.

Solar deity
A solar deity or sun deity is a deity who represents the Sun or an aspect thereof. Such deities are usually associated with power and strength. Solar deities and Sun worship can be found throughout most of recorded history in various forms. The English word sun derives from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ. The Sun is sometimes referred to by its Latin name Sol or by its Greek name Helios.
Endrendrum Kadhal
Endrendrum Kadhal (transl. Forever Love) is a 1999 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film written, directed, co-produced, and music composed by Manoj Bhatnagar. The film stars Vijay and Rambha in the lead roles, with Raghuvaran, Nizhalgal Ravi, Bhanupriya, Radha Ravi, Charle, and Dhamu in other pivotal roles. Veteran actor M. N. Nambiar also played a supporting role. The film was released on 5 March 1999.

Manoj–Gyan
Manoj–Gyan was an Indian musical duo consisting of composers Manoj Bhatnagar and Gyan Varma. In the 1980s, the two collaboratively composed music for Tamil and Hindi-language films. Manoj hails from the state of Uttar Pradesh, while Gyan is from Punjab.
Compagnie des forges et aciéries de la marine et d'Homécourt
The Compagnie des forges et aciéries de la marine et d'Homécourt ('Company of Marine Forges and Steelworks and of Homécourt'; FAMH) was a French industrial enterprise that made iron and steel products for the French navy, army, and railroads. It is often known as Saint-Chamond from its main location in Saint-Chamond, Loire.

Saint-Chamond, Loire
Saint-Chamond (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʃamɔ̃] ⓘ) is a commune in the Loire department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in central France. Situated 13 km northeast of the city of Saint-Étienne and 46 km southwest of Lyon, the town dates back to the Roman period.

It lies in an iron and coal region, which were the basis of industrial growth during the 19th and 20th centuries. As many of the mines and factories closed in the late 20th century due to restructuring, there was a loss of jobs and population.

The present city of Saint-Chamond is the result of the merger in 1964 of the communes of Saint-Martin-en-Coailleux, Saint-Julien-en-Jarez, Izieux and Saint-Chamond. The new town is the third-largest town in the department.
2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification (Europe)
The 2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification for the FIBA Europe region, began in August 2017 and concluded in February 2019. Contrary to previous years, no teams were automatically placed into the World Cup, so all FIBA Europe nations had to participate in qualification.

EuroBasket 2022 qualification
The EuroBasket 2022 qualification was a basketball competition that was played from November 2017 to February 2021, to determine the 20 FIBA Europe nations who would join the automatically qualified co-hosts Czech Republic, Georgia, Italy, and Germany at the EuroBasket 2022 finals tournament.
Bogan (film)
Bogan (transl. Hedonist / Pleasure seeker) is a 2017 Indian Tamil-language supernatural action thriller film written and directed by Lakshman and produced by Prabhu Deva and Ganesh. The film stars Aravind Swamy and Ravi Mohan (credited as Jayam Ravi) in titular roles, with Hansika Motwani, Akshara Gowda, Nassar, Ponvannan and Naren in supporting roles. The story is about the body swapping of an honest police officer, Vikram (Ravi Mohan) and a powered thief, Aditya (Swami). Featuring music composed by D. Imman, the film began production during March 2016 and released on 2 February 2017 to positive reviews with praise for cast performances (especially Swami and Ravi's performance), story narration and Imman's music. However, the climax was criticised.

Arvind Swamy
Arvind Swamy (born 18 June 1970) is an Indian actor, film director and entrepreneur known for his work in Tamil cinema and a few Hindi, Telugu and Malayalam films. He was introduced by Mani Ratnam with Thalapathi (1991) and subsequently starred in Roja (1992), Bombay (1995), Minsara Kanavu (1997), Thani Oruvan (2015), Chekka Chivantha Vaanam (2018), Thalaivi (2023) and Meiyazhagan (2024). He made his debut as a director in the Netflix anthology series Navarasa (2021). He is a recipient of four Filmfare Award South,  one Tamil Nadu State Film Award and two SIIMA Awards.

Swamy also starred in other regional film industries, including Telugu and Malayalam films where he has done films such as Mounam (1995), Daddy (1992) and Devaraagam (1996). He has also appeared in Hindi, making his debut appearance as lead actor in Saat Rang Ke Sapne (1998). He briefly worked as a television presenter as the host of the third season of Neengalum Vellalam Oru Kodi (2012–2016) on Star Vijay.
Lynn Simons
Lynn Simons (June 1, 1934 - August 30, 2025) was an American politician and educator who served as the 17th Wyoming Superintendent of Public Instruction from 1979 to 1991, as a member of the Democratic Party. She unsuccessfully sought the Democratic senatorial nomination in 1988.

1988 United States Senate election in Wyoming
The 1988 United States Senate election in Wyoming was held on November 8, 1988. Incumbent Republican Senator Malcolm Wallop ran for re-election to a third term. He was opposed by Democratic State Senator John Vinich in the general election. Despite Wallop's past strong performances in 1976 and 1982, and the overwhelming Republican majority in Wyoming in the presidential election, Wallop faced a surprisingly competitive race. He ended up defeating Vinich by less than 1%, by a margin of just 1,322 votes. To date, this remains the strongest performance by a Democratic U.S. Senate nominee in Wyoming since 1970, the last time a Democrat won a Senate election in the state. This is also the closest U.S. Senate race in Wyoming history.
Exeter Conspiracy
The Exeter Conspiracy in 1538 was a supposed attempt to overthrow Henry VIII, who had taken control of the Church of England away from the Pope, and replace him with Henry Courtenay, 1st Marquess of Exeter, who was a first cousin of the King.

Henry Courtenay, 1st Marquess of Exeter
Henry Courtenay, 1st Marquess of Exeter, 2nd Earl of Devon (c. 1498 – 9 December 1538), feudal baron of Okehampton, feudal baron of Plympton, of Tiverton Castle, Okehampton Castle and Colcombe Castle all in Devon, was a grandson of King Edward IV, nephew of the queen consort, Elizabeth of York and a first cousin of King Henry VIII.

Henry Courtenay was a close friend of Henry VIII, having "been brought up of a child with his grace in his chamber". After initially supporting the dissolution of the monasteries and helping suppress protests, he became convinced against the cruelty of the measures and the new religion; he was executed under Henry for corresponding with Cardinal Pole.
Vinod Krishan
Vinod Krishan (born 14 October 1946), is an Indian physicist, a Senior Professor and dean of sciences at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore. She is involved in teaching and research in Plasma Physics. She is a Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India and the 1991 recipient of the Vikram Sarabhai Award for Space Sciences.

National Academy of Sciences, India
The National Academy of Sciences, India, also known as NASI, was established in 1930 and is the oldest science academy of India. It is located in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. Prof. Meghnad Saha was the founder president.
Shiren the Wanderer 2: Shiren's Castle and the Oni Invasion
Shiren the Wanderer 2: Shiren's Castle and the Oni Invasion is a 2000 role-playing video game developed by Chunsoft and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64. It is the second main entry in the Shiren the Wanderer series, itself part of the larger Mystery Dungeon series, and was released in Japan on September 27. The game follows Shiren, a boy who aims to defend a village from attacking demons by building a castle; he finds building materials and other items by exploring dungeons.

Shiren the Wanderer 2 was the first in the series to use 3D graphics, done as a way to evolve the series; the development team focused on creating original features and used the 3D engine to enable free roaming through open environments. It was originally planned for release on the 64DD, but development was later moved to the regular Nintendo 64 instead.

Spike Chunsoft
Spike Chunsoft Co., Ltd. is a Japanese video game development and localization company specializing in role-playing video games, visual novels and adventure games. The company was founded in 1984 as Chunsoft Co., Ltd. and merged with Spike in 2012. It is owned by Dwango.

It created games such as the first five Dragon Quest installments and the Mystery Dungeon franchise as Chunsoft, and the Conception series as Spike Chunsoft. They also developed titles such as The Portopia Serial Murder Case, the Sound Novel series (consisting of Otogirisō, Kamaitachi no Yoru, Machi and 428: Shibuya Scramble) and the Zero Escape series as Chunsoft. Spike developed Danganronpa before the merger.
Temple at Uppsala
The Temple at Uppsala was long held to be a religious centre in the Norse religion once located at what became Gamla Uppsala (Swedish "Old Uppsala"), Sweden attested in Adam of Bremen's 11th-century work Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum and in Heimskringla, written by Snorri Sturluson in the 13th century. Uppsala has for long been exposed to fanciful theories about the implications of these descriptions of the temple and of the findings of archaeological excavations in the area, including findings of extensive wooden structures and log lines from the 5th century which allegedly played a supporting role to activities at the site, including ritual sacrifice. According to sources from the later Middle Ages the temple was destroyed by King Inge the Elder in the 1080s, but there are no contemporary sources to support that.

Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum
Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum (Medieval Latin for "Deeds of the Bishops of Hamburg") is a historical treatise written between 1073 and 1076 by Adam of Bremen, who made additions (scholia) to the text until his death (possibly 1081; before 1085).
It is one of the most important sources of the medieval history of Northern Europe, and the oldest textual source reporting the discovery of coastal North America.

It covers the entire period known as the Viking Age, from the foundation of the bishopric under Willehad in 788 until the rule of prince-bishop Adalbert in Adam's own time (1043–1072).
The text focuses on the history of the Hamburg-Bremen diocese and its bishops. As the bishops had jurisdiction over the missions to Scandinavia, it also gives a report of the Norse paganism of the period.

The existence of the work was forgotten in the later medieval period, until it was re-discovered in the late 16th century in the library of Sorø Abbey, Denmark.