hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yitzchak Blazer
Yitzchak Blazer (Hebrew: יצחק בלאזר) ‎(1837–1907) was an early important leader of the Musar movement.

He is also sometimes referred to as Rabbi Itzele Peterburger due to his position as Chief Rabbi of St. Petersburg at a time when it was the capital of Russia. he married the mother of the Lomza Rav, Rabbi Moshe Shatskesz when his father was niftar becoming the stepfather of Rabbi Moshe Shatzkes.

Musar movement
The Musar movement (Hebrew: תְּנוּעַת הַמוּסָר, romanized: tnūʿat ha-Mūsar; also spelled Mussar) is an ethical, educational, and cultural movement in Judaism that developed in 19th-century Lithuania, particularly among Orthodox Lithuanian Jews. Musar (Biblical Hebrew: מוּסָר) is derived from Proverbs 1:2, wherein the author of the book of Proverbs uses the term to describe moral behavior, instruction, and discipline, with an emphasis on educating oneself about how to act properly. The term was used by the originators of the Musar movement to convey teachings regarding ethical and spiritual paths found in the Musar literature (סִפְרוּת הַמוּסָר, sifrūt ha-Mūsar). The Musar movement made significant contributions to the Musar literature and Jewish ethics. The movement was revived in the 21st century among Jews of all denominations, particularly in the United States.
Plaza Mayor, Lima
The Plaza Mayor (English: Town square), also known as the Plaza de Armas, is the main public square of the historic centre of the city of Lima, Peru. It dates back to the foundation of the city by Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535. Delimited by Carabaya, Junín, Huallaga, and Unión streets, it is surrounded by a number of major landmarks, including the Government Palace, the Metropolitan Cathedral, the Archbishop's Palace, the Municipal Palace, and the Palacio de la Unión.

Archbishop's Palace, Lima
The Archbishop's Palace of Lima, the capital of Peru, is the residence of the Archbishop of Lima, and the administrative headquarters of the Archdiocese of Lima. It is located at the Plaza Mayor, in the Historic Centre of Lima.
New York and Atlantic Railway
The New York and Atlantic Railway (NY&A) (reporting mark NYA) is a short line railroad on Long Island, within the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of New York. It was formed in 1997 to provide freight service over the tracks of the Long Island Rail Road, a public commuter rail agency which had decided to privatize its freight operations. A subsidiary of the Anacostia Rail Holdings Company, NY&A  operates exclusively on Long Island and is connected to the U.S. mainland via CSX's Fremont Secondary over the Hell Gate Bridge. It also interchanges with New York New Jersey Rail's car float at the 65th Street Yard and US Rail of New York in Yaphank, New York. Its primary freight yard is Fresh Pond Junction in Queens. It has another yard, Pine Aire Yard, in northern Bay Shore, New York. The NY&A officially took over Long Island Rail Road's freight operations on May 11, 1997, with an initial franchise for 20 years.

Brookhaven Rail Terminal
The Brookhaven Rail Terminal (BRT) is a truck-train trans-load facility in Yaphank in Brookhaven on Long Island, New York. The 28-acre (11 ha) initial site was built with $40 million in private funds and opened on September 27, 2011. It was projected to take 40,000 long haul trucks off Long Island roads and handle 1 million tons of freight a year by 2016. It includes 13,000 feet (4 km) of new track, with three tracks for construction material, such as asphalt and concrete, and six tracks for merchandise, such as flour and biodiesel. As of 2021, it handles 300,000 tons of products per year.
Proton Mail
Proton Mail is a Swiss end-to-end encrypted email service that was launched in 2014. It is owned by the non-profit Proton Foundation through its subsidiary Proton AG, which also operates Proton VPN, Proton Drive, Proton Calendar, Proton Pass and Proton Wallet. Proton Mail uses client-side encryption to protect email content and user data before they are sent to Proton Mail servers, unlike other common email providers such as Gmail and Outlook.com.

Proton Mail received its initial funding through a crowdfunding campaign, and initial access was by invitation only, but it opened to the public in 2016. There were two million users by 2017 and almost 70 million by 2022.

The source code for the back end of Proton Mail remains closed-source, but Proton Mail released the source code for the web interface, iOS and Android apps, and the Proton Mail Bridge app under an open-source licence.

Proton VPN
Proton VPN is a VPN service launched in 2017 and operated by the Swiss company Proton AG, the company behind the email service Proton Mail. According to its official website, Proton VPN and Proton Mail share the same management team, offices, and technical resources, and are operated from Proton's headquarters in Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland. On June 17, 2024, the company announced that it will be transitioning to a non-profit structure under the Proton Foundation.
Knights Stadium
Knights Stadium was a baseball stadium which served as the home of the International League's Charlotte Knights from 1990 to 2013 and had a capacity of 10,002. The park was located across the state line from Charlotte, North Carolina, in Fort Mill, South Carolina. The stadium closed at the end of the 2013 season and the Knights moved to Truist Field in uptown Charlotte for the 2014 season.

Knights Stadium was easily accessible from Interstate 77. Exit 88 (Gold Hill Road) connects the expressway with the former site of the stadium. A water tower painted to resemble a baseball on a tee, which can be seen from Interstate 77, was built near the stadium and still stands as of May 2025.

Truist Field
Truist Field is a baseball stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States. The Uptown-area stadium hosts the Charlotte Knights, a Triple-A Minor League Baseball team in the International League. It is also the third sports building to be built in Uptown, after Bank of America Stadium (home of the NFL's Carolina Panthers and MLS's Charlotte FC) and Spectrum Center (home of the NBA's Charlotte Hornets).
Murder of Patrick Dennehy
The murder of Patrick Dennehy, an American college basketball player for Baylor University, occurred on June 12, 2003, when he was shot by teammate Carlton Dotson. The murder set off a chain of events which led to a broader scandal in which Baylor's basketball program was investigated and punished for numerous infractions by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).

Baylor Bears men's basketball
The Baylor Bears men's basketball team represents Baylor University in Waco, Texas, in NCAA Division I men's basketball competition. The Bears compete in the Big 12 Conference. The team played its home games in Ferrell Center from 1988 until 2023.  Baylor now plays its home games in the Foster Pavilion and is currently coached by Scott Drew.
Jeannette, Pennsylvania
Jeannette is a city in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 8,780 at the 2020 census. Jeannette was founded in 1888 and named after Jeannette Hartupee McKee, the wife of one of the city's founders, H. Sellers McKee. It is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.

Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
Westmoreland County is a county in the state of Pennsylvania, United States, in the Pittsburgh Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census the population was 354,663. The county seat is Greensburg and the most populous community is Hempfield Township. It is named after Westmorland, a historic county of England. The county is part of the Southwest Pennsylvania region of the state.
Ricardo Almeida
Ricardo Alves Almeida (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁiˈkaʁdu awˈmejdɐ]; born November 29, 1976) is a Brazilian-American former mixed martial artist and current Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu grappler residing in Bordentown, New Jersey. Almeida is a veteran of the Ultimate Fighting Championship, PRIDE Fighting Championships, Grapplers Quest, and a former Middleweight King of Pancrase. In Pancrase he had notable wins over Nate Marquardt and Kazuo Misaki. Almeida trains with and teaches former UFC Lightweight Champion Frankie Edgar at his longtime Gracie system gym in Robbinsville, NJ. He also trains former UFC Lightweight champion Eddie Alvarez and The Ultimate Fighter 19 winner Corey Anderson

Nate Marquardt
Nathan Joel Marquardt (born April 20, 1979) is an American mixed martial artist who competed in the middleweight and welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional competitor since 1999, he is a former Strikeforce Welterweight Champion and a three-time Pancrase Middleweight Champion.
Saidapet
Saidapet, also known as Saidai, is a neighbourhood in Chennai, India, situated in the northern banks of the Adyar River and serves as an entry point to Central Chennai. It is surrounded by West Mambalam in the North, C.I.T Nagar in the North-East, Nandanam in the East, Guindy in the South, Jafferkhanpet and Ashok Nagar in the North-West. The Saidapet Court, the only other court of judicature in Chennai city apart from the Madras High Court, and the Saidapet bus depot are located here. Prior to its incorporation in Madras city, Saidapet functioned as the administrative headquarters of Chingleput district. The neighbourhood is served by Saidapet railway station of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network.

Saidapet was occupied by the British East India Company and was made the administrative headquarters of Chingleput district. The health district in Chengalpet district is split into Saidapet hud and Kanchipuram hud. Panagal building which is a part of Saidapet is a famous landmark.

Mambalam
West Mambalam is a residential and commercial area in Chennai, India. It is known for its shops, bazaars and Hindu temples. It is bounded by Kodambakkam to the north and Saidapet to the south. T. Nagar and Nandanam stretch along its entire eastern frontier while Ashok Nagar lies to its west. The Ayodhya Mandapam is an important landmark.
Margaret Jacobsohn
Margaret Jacobsohn is a Namibian environmentalist. She was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize in 1993, jointly with Garth Owen-Smith, for their efforts on conservation of wildlife in rural Namibia.

Garth Owen-Smith
Garth Owen-Smith (22 February 1944 – 11 April 2020) was a South African-Namibian environmentalist. He was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize in 1993, jointly with Margaret Jacobsohn, for their efforts on conservation of wildlife in Namibia, where illegal hunting was threatening species such as elephants, lions and black rhinos.

Garth Owen-Smith realised local communities are the solution to conservation, not the problem they were at that time believed to be. From this basic philosophical shift, flowed the community-based natural resource management concept, which is at the root of Namibia’s spectacular successes in large-scale conservation.

He was awarded the Global 500 Roll of Honour in 1994.
Yokosuka B4Y
The Yokosuka B4Y (Navy Type 96 Carrier Attack Bomber) was a carrier-borne torpedo bomber used by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service from 1936 to 1943. The B4Y replaced the Mitsubishi B2M2 and the Yokosuka B3Y, and was the last biplane bomber used operationally by the Imperial Japanese Navy. The Allied reporting name was "Jean". This aircraft was mistakenly identified by the British as the Nakajima Navy G-96.

Kugisho B3Y
The Kugisho B3Y, or Navy Type 92 Carrier Attack Bomber, also popularly titled Yokosuka B3Y, was a Japanese carrier-based torpedo bomber of the 1930s. It was designed by the Naval Air Technical Arsenal at Yokosuka, and while unimpressive during testing, it was ordered into service by the Imperial Japanese Navy and used until replaced by more capable aircraft.
Rose Selfridge
Rosalie Amelia Selfridge (née Buckingham; 5 July 1860 – 12 May 1918) was a property developer before becoming the wife of department store magnate Harry Gordon Selfridge. A member of the wealthy Buckingham family of Chicago, she inherited a large amount of investment property. Well educated, she had traveled extensively by the time she met Marshall Field's retail executive Harry Selfridge in the late 1880s. After they were married, the couple remained in Chicago and Rose enjoyed society and her growing family. Later, they moved to London in 1907 when Harry built his new department store on Oxford Street. During World War I, she joined the Red Cross and operated part of their Dorset, England estate as a war-time convalescent hospital.  Rose died there during the Spanish flu pandemic.

Her story was portrayed in the television series Mr Selfridge, where she is shown as the patient wife (played by Frances O'Connor) of the famous retailer during their early years in England.

Harry Gordon Selfridge
Harry Gordon Selfridge, Sr. (11 January 1858 – 8 May 1947) was an American retail magnate who founded the London-based department store Selfridges.  The early years of his leadership led to his becoming one of the wealthiest and most respected retail magnates in the United Kingdom. He was known as "the Earl of Oxford Street".

Born in Ripon, Wisconsin, and raised in Jackson, Michigan, Selfridge delivered newspapers and left school at 14 when he found work at a local bank.  Selfridge eventually obtained a stock boy position at Marshall Field's department store in Chicago, where over the next 25 years, he rose to become a partner. In 1890 he married Rose Buckingham who was from a prominent Chicago family.

In 1906 following a trip to London, Selfridge invested £400,000 to build a new department store in what was then the unfashionable western end of Oxford Street. Selfridges opened to the public on 15 March 1909, and Selfridge remained chairman until 1941.
G-suit
A g-suit, or anti-g suit, is a flight suit worn by aviators and astronauts who are subject to high levels of acceleration force (g). It is designed to prevent a black-out and g-LOC (g-induced loss of consciousness) caused by the blood pooling in the lower part of the body when under acceleration, thus depriving the brain of blood. Black-out and g-LOC have caused a number of fatal aircraft accidents.

Flight suit
A flight suit is a full-body garment, worn while flying aircraft such as military airplanes, gliders and helicopters. Such a suit is generally made to keep the wearer warm, as well as being practical (plenty of pockets), and durable (including fire retardant). Its appearance is usually similar to a jumpsuit. A military flight suit may also show rank insignia. It is sometimes used by Special Forces as a combat uniform in close-quarters battle or visit, board, search, and seizure situations, for its practicality.
Ukrop's Food Group
Ukrop's is an American company that operates a central bakery and kitchen producing baked goods and prepared meals. Its baked goods are marketed under Good Meadow and Ukrop's brand. In 1976 Ukrop's bought Dot's Pastry Shop, a well-known bakery in Richmond.  It used the name Dot's Pastry Shop for years before changing it to Ukrop's Bakery.

From 1937 to 2010 the Ukrop family operated supermarkets in Richmond and its surrounding area under the corporate name Ukrop's Super Markets, but the family sold its retail grocery operations to Giant-Carlisle, a subsidiary of Netherlands-based Ahold.  The name was changed to Martin's.

The Giant Company
The Giant Company (formerly known as Giant Food Stores) is an American regional supermarket chain that operates in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia under the Giant and Martin's brands. It is a subsidiary of Ahold Delhaize, and headquartered in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. As of May 2025, the company operated 193 stores, 133 pharmacies, and 107 fuel stations. The chain also provides online shopping and delivery to New Jersey through Giant Direct.

The Giant Company is often known as Giant-Carlisle or Giant/Martin's to distinguish it from Giant Food, a Maryland-headquartered sister chain also owned by Ahold Delhaize and often referred to as Giant-Landover.
Wafer (electronics)
In electronics, a wafer (also called a slice or substrate) is a thin slice of semiconductor, such as a crystalline silicon (c-Si, silicium), used for the fabrication of integrated circuits and, in photovoltaics, to manufacture solar cells.

The wafer serves as the substrate for microelectronic devices built in and upon the wafer. It undergoes many microfabrication processes, such as doping, ion implantation, etching, thin-film deposition of various materials, and photolithographic patterning. Finally, the individual microcircuits are separated by wafer dicing and packaged as an integrated circuit.

Ion implantation
Ion implantation is a low-temperature process by which ions of one element are accelerated into a solid target, thereby changing the target's physical, chemical, or electrical properties. Ion implantation is used in semiconductor device fabrication and in metal finishing, as well as in materials science research. The ions can alter the elemental composition of the target (if the ions differ in composition from the target) if they stop and remain in the target.  Ion implantation also causes chemical and physical changes when the ions impinge on the target at high energy. The crystal structure of the target can be damaged or even destroyed by the energetic collision cascades, and ions of sufficiently high energy (tens of MeV) can cause nuclear transmutation.
David Filo
David Robert Filo (born April 20, 1966) is an American billionaire businessman and the co-founder of Yahoo! with classmate Jerry Yang. His Filo Server Program, written in the C programming language, was the server-side software used to dynamically serve variable web pages, called Filo Server Pages, on visits to early versions of the Yahoo! website.

Jerry Yang
Jerry Chih-Yuan Yang (Chinese: 楊致遠; pinyin: Yáng Zhìyuǎn; born Yang Chih-Yuan; November 6, 1968) is a Taiwanese-born American billionaire  computer programmer, internet entrepreneur, and venture capitalist. He is the co-founder and former CEO of Yahoo! Inc. and founding partner of AME Cloud Ventures. As of May 2025, Yang has a net worth of $3.1 billion.
Mir Musavvir
Mir Musavvir (fl. 1510–48, died 1555) was a Persian painter at the Safavid court at Tabriz and later the Mughal court at Kabul. During his time at the royal Safavid workshop, he contributed to the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp. He was the father of Mir Sayyid Ali, who adopted his occupation of painting.: 51

Mir Sayyid Ali
Mir Sayyid Ali (Persian: میرسید علی, Tabriz, 1510 – 1572) was a Persian miniature painter who was a leading artist of Persian miniatures before working under the Mughal dynasty in India, where he became one of the artists responsible for developing the style of Mughal painting, under Emperor Akbar.
Tivoli Pond
Tivoli Pond (Slovene: Tivolski ribnik, less often Tivolski bajer or simply Tivoli or Ribnjak ('pond')) is a man-made pond at the southeastern end of Tivoli City Park in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. It was created in 1880 and forms part of the Tivoli–Rožnik Hill–Šiška Hill Landscape Park. The pond has been used for recreation and fishing, as well as for flood control. The pond is administered by the Barje Fishing Club. It is home to a variety of native and non-native animal species and has also served as a subject and setting for visual artists and musicians.

Tivoli City Park
Tivoli City Park (Slovene: Mestni park Tivoli) or simply Tivoli Park (Park Tivoli) is the largest park in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. It is located on the western outskirts of the Center District, stretching to the Šiška District to the north, the Vič District to the south, and the Rožnik District to the west. Several notable buildings and art works stand in the park. Since 1984, the park has been protected as part of Tivoli–Rožnik Hill–Šiška Hill Nature Park. It is home to a variety of bird species.
The Sand Pebbles (film)
The Sand Pebbles is a 1966 American epic war film directed by Robert Wise in Panavision. It tells the story of an independent, rebellious U.S. Navy machinist's mate first class, aboard the fictional river gunboat USS San Pablo, on Yangtze Patrol in 1920s China. The production was filmed on location in Taiwan and Hong Kong.

The film stars Steve McQueen, Richard Attenborough, Richard Crenna, and Candice Bergen, and features Marayat Andriane, Mako, and Larry Gates in supporting roles. Robert Anderson adapted the screenplay from the 1962 novel of the same name by Richard McKenna.

The Sand Pebbles was a critical and commercial success during its general release. It became the fourth-highest-grossing film of 1966, and was nominated for eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Actor for Steve McQueen, his only Oscar nomination, and eight Golden Globe Awards, with Attenborough winning the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor.

River gunboat
A river gunboat is a type of gunboat adapted for river operations. River gunboats required shallow draft for river navigation. They would be armed with relatively small caliber cannons, or a mix of cannons and machine guns.  If they carried more than one cannon, one might be a howitzer, for shore bombardment. They were usually not armoured. The fictional USS San Pablo described in Richard McKenna's The Sand Pebbles is an example of this class of vessel, serving on the US Navy's Yangtze Patrol. Stronger river warships with larger guns were river monitors.
Daqiqi
Abu Mansur Daqiqi (Persian: ابومنصور دقیقی), better simply known as Daqiqi (دقیقی), was one of the most prominent Persian poets of the Samanid era. He was the first to undertake the creation of the national epic of Iran, the Shahnameh, but was killed in 977 after only completing 1,000 verses. His work was continued by his contemporary Ferdowsi, who would later become celebrated as one of the most influential figure in Persian literature.

Ferdowsi
Ferdowsi (940-1025) was a Persian poet and the author of Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), which is one of the world's longest epic poems created by a single poet, and the greatest epic of Persian-speaking countries. Ferdowsi is celebrated as one of the most influential figures of Persian literature and one of the greatest in the history of literature.
Prothorax
The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on each side. The prothorax never bears wings in extant insects (except in some cases of atavism), though some fossil groups possessed wing-like projections. All adult insects possess legs on the prothorax, though in a few groups (e.g., the butterfly family Nymphalidae) the forelegs are greatly reduced. In many groups of insects, the pronotum is reduced in size, but in a few it is hypertrophied, such as in all beetles (Coleoptera). In most treehoppers (family Membracidae, order Hemiptera), the pronotum is expanded into often fantastic shapes that enhance their camouflage or mimicry. Similarly, in the Tetrigidae, the pronotum is extended backward to cover the flight wings, supplanting the function of the tegmina.

Thorax (arthropod anatomy)
The thorax is the midsection (tagma) of the hexapod body (insects and entognathans). It holds the head, legs, wings and abdomen. It is also called mesosoma or cephalothorax in other arthropods.

It is formed by the prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax and comprises the scutellum; the cervix, a membrane that separates the head from the thorax; and the pleuron, a lateral sclerite of the thorax.

In dragonflies and damselflies, the mesothorax and metathorax are fused together to form the synthorax.

In some insect pupae, like the mosquitoes', the head and thorax can be fused in a cephalothorax.

Members of suborder Apocrita (wasps, ants and bees) in the order Hymenoptera have the first segment of the abdomen fused with the thorax, which is called the propodeum. The head is connected to the thorax by the occipital foramen, enabling a wide range of motion for the head.

In most flying insects, the thorax allows for the use of asynchronous muscles.