hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
California Polytechnic State University football team plane crash
On October 29, 1960, a Curtiss C-46 passenger aircraft crashed shortly after take-off near Toledo, Ohio, U.S. The World War II-era aircraft was carrying the Cal Poly Mustangs college football team home from a game against the Bowling Green Falcons. Of the 48 people on board, 22 were killed, including both pilots, 16 players, a student manager, and a Cal Poly football booster.

Bowling Green Falcons football
The Bowling Green Falcons football program is the intercollegiate football team of Bowling Green State University. The team is a member of the NCAA, playing at the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision, formerly Division I-A, level; BGSU football competes within the Mid-American Conference. The Falcons have played their home games in Doyt Perry Stadium since 1966. The stadium holds 24,000 spectators. In their 93-year history, the Falcons have won 12 MAC championships and a UPI national championship in 1959. The head coach is currently Eddie George.
Manassas Gap Railroad
The Manassas Gap Railroad (MGRR) was a railroad that ran from Mount Jackson, Virginia, to the Orange and Alexandria Railroad's Manassas Junction, which later became the city of Manassas, Virginia.  Chartered by the Virginia General Assembly in 1850, the MGRR was a 4 ft 8 in (1,422 mm) narrow gauge line whose 90 completed miles of track included 38 miles (61 km) of 60 pounds-per-yard T-rail and 52 miles (84 km) of 52 pounds-per-yard T-rail.  A total of nine locomotives and 232 cars were operated on the line, serving 20 stations.

During the American Civil War, the Confederate Army used the railroad to move troops and raid the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.

An extension to Harper's Ferry was planned and partially built, though the rail was never installed. Today, several portions of that unfinished roadbed, as well as some historic culverts and masonry, remain abandoned in Fairfax County.

Manassas, Virginia
Manassas (/məˈnæsəs/), formerly Manassas Junction, is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. The population was 42,772 at the 2020 Census. It is the county seat of Prince William County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. Manassas borders the independent city of Manassas Park. The Bureau of Economic Analysis includes both Manassas and Manassas Park with Prince William County for statistical purposes.

Manassas contains several historic sites dating from 1825 to 1914. Manassas surrounds the 38-acre (15-hectare) county courthouse, which is located on county property.

Manassas is part of the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area and is in the Northern Virginia region.
Dissected Till Plains
The Dissected Till Plains are physiographic sections of the Central Lowlands province, which in turn is part of the Interior Plains physiographic division of the United States, located in southern and western Iowa, northeastern Kansas, the southwestern corner of Minnesota, northern Missouri, eastern Nebraska, and southeastern South Dakota.

The Dissected Till Plains were formed during the Pre-Illinoian Stage. Glacial scouring and deposition by the Laurentide Ice Sheet and the later accumulation of loess during the Wisconsin Stage left behind the rolling hills and rich, fertile soils found today in the region.

The region is also the western edge of the Corn Belt.

Interior Plains
The  Interior Plains is a vast international region that spreads across the Laurentian craton of central North America. It extends along the east flank of the Rocky Mountains from the Gulf Coast region to the Arctic Beaufort Sea. In Canada, it encompasses the Canadian Prairies separating the Canadian Rockies from the Canadian Shield, as well as the Boreal Plains and Taiga Plains east of the Mackenzie and Richardson Mountains. In the United States, it includes the Great Plains of the West/Midwest and the tallgrass prairie region to the south of the Great Lakes extending east to the Appalachian Plateau region.
Rudolf-Oetker-Halle
The Rudolf-Oetker-Halle (ROH) is the concert hall of Bielefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was built from 1928 to 1930 after designs by Düsseldorf architects Tietmann & Haake, opened on 31 October 1930. The listed monument is mostly in the original state and has excellent acoustics. The hall has been managed by the Theater Bielefeld from 2018. It is the home of the Bielefelder Philharmoniker.

Bielefeld Opera
The Bielefeld Opera is the venue of Städtische Bühnen Bielefeld (Municipal stages Bielefeld) in Bielefeld, Germany. It is a Dreisparten Haus (three-department house), offering plays, music (opera, musical theatre), and ballet. The main performance venue is the Stadttheater am Niederwall (Municipal Theatre at the Lower Wall), built in 1904 and extensively renovated from 2004 to 2006. It is the largest theater in East Westphalia, offering 500 performances annually. It is under the direction of Michael Heicks; its resident orchestra is the 72-member Bielefeld Philharmonic Orchestra that also performs symphonic concerts at the Rudolf-Oetker-Halle.
Joseph Newton Chandler III
Robert Ivan Nichols, alias Joseph Newton Chandler III (September 12, 1926 – c. July 23, 2002), was a formerly unidentified American identity thief who committed suicide in Eastlake, Ohio, in July 2002. After his death, investigators were unable to locate his family; they discovered that he had stolen the identity of the real Chandler who died in a Texas car crash in 1945 at the age of eight. The lengths to which Nichols went to hide his identity had led to speculation that he was a fugitive.

In late 2016, the U.S. Marshals Service, Cleveland, Ohio, announced that forensic genealogist Colleen M. Fitzpatrick of Identifinders International had compared the then-unidentified man's Y-STR profile to public genetic genealogy Y-STR databases to determine his possible last name was "Nicholas". In March 2018, the DNA Doe Project identified the man as Robert Ivan Nichols. The U.S. Marshals Service announced the identification at a press conference in Cleveland on June 21, 2018.

Colleen M. Fitzpatrick
Colleen M. Fitzpatrick (born April 25, 1955) is an American forensic scientist, genealogist and entrepreneur. She helped identify remains found at the crash site of Northwest Flight 4422, which crashed in Alaska in 1948. Fitzpatrick co-founded the DNA Doe Project which identifies previously unidentified bodies and runs Identifinders International, an investigative genetic genealogy consulting firm that helps identify victims and perpetrators of violent crimes.
Louis Émile Benassit
Louis Émile Benassit (20 December 1833 – 9 August 1902) was a French artist and raconteur. He cut a colorful figure in the literary and artistic circles of Paris in the 1860s and 1870s, known equally for his satirical drawings and for his barbed wit. His updated versions of the fables of La Fontaine were widely reported in the French press. After his own military service in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, he frequently depicted soldiers, often enduring snow or inclement weather. Eventually, thanks in part to the influential art dealer Paul Durand-Ruel, his work began to fetch high prices; Benassit's depictions of courtiers and ladies of the 1700s became especially popular. But beginning in 1882, a progressive paralysis that started in his right arm cut short both his career and his appearances in café society, though by at least one account he learned to paint using his left hand. The last twelve years of his life were spent in relative seclusion away from Paris.

Étienne Carjat
Étienne Carjat (French pronunciation: [etjɛn kaʁʒa]; 28 March 1828 – 8 March 1906) was a French journalist, caricaturist and photographer. He co-founded the magazine Le Diogène, and founded the review Le Boulevard. He is best known for his numerous portraits and caricatures of political, literary and artistic Parisian figures. His best-known work is the iconic portrait of Arthur Rimbaud which he took in October 1871. The location of much of his photography is untraceable after being sold to a Mr. Roth in 1923.
San Mateo County History Museum
The San Mateo County History Museum is located in downtown Redwood City, California. Housed inside the former courthouse built in 1910 for the San Mateo County Superior Court, the museum showcases the rich history of San Mateo County and the surrounding area. Operations and funding for the museum are by the San Mateo County Historical Association (SMCHA).

The current location of this museum opened on February 6, 1999; prior to that, from 1963 until 1998 the museum was located at the College of San Mateo. The former courthouse building is a product of the City Beautiful Movement (1893-1920) and has a stained-glass dome thought to be the largest of its kind on the West Coast.

The SMCHA also operates two other museums: the Woodside Store and the Sánchez Adobe Park.

San Mateo County, California
San Mateo County, officially the County of San Mateo, is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 764,442. Redwood City is the county seat, the third-most populated city in the county after Daly City and San Mateo.

San Mateo County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA MSA (metropolitan statistical area), Silicon Valley, and is part of the San Francisco Bay Area, the nine counties bordering San Francisco Bay. As of 2020, it has a median household income of $128,091, the fourth-highest household income of any county in the nation behind Loudoun County, Virginia, Falls Church, Virginia, and Santa Clara County, California.

The county covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula. The county is predominantly suburban and is home to many corporate campuses.
Ben Graham (footballer)
Benjamin James Graham (born 2 November 1973) is a former professional Australian rules footballer turned professional American football punter of the National Football League (NFL).

Graham's 219 game Australian rules career was played exclusively at the Geelong Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL) between 1993 and 2004. As an Aussie rules player, Graham was long noted for his ability to kick extraordinarily long distances with accuracy (in particular his expertise at the torpedo punt). This is one of the key reasons that he was believed to have potential as a professional NFL punter. The left-footer played for the New York Jets, New Orleans Saints, and Arizona Cardinals of the NFL.

He is the only player to be named a captain of both an AFL and NFL side. During his career, he played in the biggest game of both codes, the AFL Grand Final (1995 AFL Grand Final) and the Super Bowl (Super Bowl XLIII). He was the first Australian to play in a Super Bowl.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Cloudstreet
Cloudstreet is a novel by Australian writer Tim Winton published in 1991. It chronicles the lives of two working-class families, the Pickles and the Lambs, who come to live together in a large house called Cloudstreet in Perth, Western Australia, over a period of twenty years, 1943 to 1963. The novel received several awards, including a Miles Franklin Award in 1992, and has been adapted into various forms, including a stage play and a television miniseries.

In 2022, the novel was included on the "Big Jubilee Read" list of 70 books by Commonwealth authors, selected to celebrate the Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II.

Cloudstreet (miniseries)
Cloudstreet  is an Australian television drama miniseries for the Showcase subscription television channel, which first screened from 22 May 2011, in three parts. It is an adaptation of Cloudstreet, an award-winning novel by Australian author Tim Winton. It was filmed in 2010 in Perth, Western Australia, with Matthew Saville as the director, and script written by Tim Winton and Ellen Fontana.
Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines
Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (NSML) which is part of a group called Ras/MAPK pathway syndromes, is a rare autosomal dominant, multisystem disease caused by a mutation in the protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 gene (PTPN11). The disease is a complex of features, mostly involving the skin, skeletal and cardiovascular systems, which may or may not be present in all patients. The nature of how the mutation causes each of the condition's symptoms is not well known; however, research is ongoing. It is a RASopathy.

Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines is caused by a different missense mutation of the same gene. Noonan syndrome is fairly common (1:1,000 to 1:2,500 live births), and neurofibromatosis 1 (which was once thought to be related to NSML) is also common (1:3500); however, no epidemiological data exists for NSML.

Lentigo
A lentigo (/lɛnˈtaɪɡoʊ/; plural lentigines, /lɛnˈtɪdʒɪniːz/) is a small pigmented spot on the skin with a clearly defined edge, surrounded by normal-appearing skin. It is a harmless (benign) hyperplasia of melanocytes which is linear in its spread. This means the hyperplasia of melanocytes is restricted to the cell layer directly above the basement membrane of the epidermis where melanocytes normally reside. This is in contrast to the "nests" of multi-layer melanocytes found in moles (melanocytic nevi). Because of this characteristic feature, the adjective lentiginous is used to describe other skin lesions that similarly proliferate linearly within the basal cell layer.
Austin A40 Sports
The Austin A40 Sports was introduced at the 1950 London Motor Show at Earls Court  as a four-passenger, aluminium-bodied convertible variant of the Austin A40 – carrying the Austin of England monogram, bearing Austin's Flying A bonnet mascot hood ornament; designed and manufactured in conjunction with Jensen Motors and prioritizing touring comfort over outright sportiness.

Production of the A40 Sports,began in November 1950 for model year 1951. By the time production ended in 1953, just over 4,000 had been manufactured.

Austin A40 Devon
See Austin A40 for other A40 models and Austin A40 Sports for the sports car version of the Devon.

The A40 Devon (and similar 2-door A40 Dorset) are automobiles that were marketed by Austin from 1947 to 1952 – the first post-war saloons to be produced by Austin – featuring a mix of old and new technologies. They were previewed by the UK press at the Paris Motor Show on 22 October 1947, who expressed immediate disappointment at the car's conservative appearance. More than 450,000 were built before the model's replacement in 1952 by the Austin A40 Somerset.
Craigavad railway station
Craigavad railway station was a railway station in the townland of Ballygrainey on the Belfast, Holywood and Bangor Railway until it was absorbed by the Belfast and County Down Railway in 1884, the line ran from Queen's Quay station to Bangor railway station in Northern Ireland and was located 6.7 miles (10.8 km) from the Queen's Quay terminus.

Belfast and County Down Railway
The Belfast and County Down Railway (BCDR) was an Irish gauge (1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)) railway in Ireland (later Northern Ireland) linking Belfast with County Down. It was built in the 19th century and absorbed into the Ulster Transport Authority in 1948. All but the line between Belfast and Bangor was closed in the 1950s, although some of it has been restored near Downpatrick by a heritage line, the Downpatrick and County Down Railway.
Government House, Montserrat
Government House is the official residence of the governor of Montserrat, located in Woodlands, the northern safe zone of the island of Montserrat. The property was constructed after the evacuation of the previous residence in Plymouth due to the 1995 eruption of the Soufrière Hills volcano.

Government House
Government House is the name of many of the official residences of governors-general, governors and lieutenant-governors in the Commonwealth and British Overseas Territories. The name is also used in some other countries.
Lochie Hughes
Lachlan "Lochie" Hughes (born 15 March 2002) is an Australian racing driver set to compete in Indy NXT for Andretti Global. He is also a reserve driver for Andretti in IndyCar.

He made his American open-wheel debut in 2022, winning the 2022 Formula 4 United States Championship for Jay Howard Driver Development. He then finished third in the 2023 USF2000 Championship and won the 2024 USF Pro 2000 Championship. In his debut Indy NXT season in 2025, he finished third.

2024 USF Pro 2000 Championship
The 2024 USF Pro 2000 Championship presented by Continental Tire was the 26th season in series history and the second under the USF Pro 2000 moniker after the three championships below the Indy NXT series were rebranded in 2023 following the acquisition of Indy NXT by Penske Entertainment.

Australian series rookie Lochie Hughes won the Drivers' Championship at the penultimate race of the season after collecting four wins and six further podium finishes. Pabst Racing, the team fielding the drivers in third and fourth in the standings, defended their Teams' Championship at the same race.
Sudjiatmi
Sudjiatmi Notomihardjo (née Wiroredjo; 15 February 1943 – 25 March 2020) was the mother of the 7th president of Indonesia, Joko Widodo. Along with her husband, Widjiatno Notomihardjo, she was a wood trader from Surakarta.

Widjiatno Notomihardjo
Widjiatno Notomihardjo (30 December 1940 – 23 July 2000) was an Indonesian businessman, best known for being the father of Joko Widodo, the seventh president of Indonesia. He was a successful wood merchant in Surakarta and entered politics through the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle shortly prior to his death.
Swiss Education Group
Swiss Education Group (SEG) AG is a network of hospitality schools that includes four schools—Culinary Arts Academy Switzerland, HIM Business School, Swiss Hotel Management School, and César Ritz Colleges Switzerland. Its schools operate across 5 campuses all based in Switzerland, with a student base of more than 6,000 enrolled students from around the world. Its schools have more than 25,000 alumni representing 110 nationalities.

Chief Executive Officer Leo Wang joined Swiss Education Group in 2022.

Culinary Arts Academy Switzerland
Culinary Arts Academy Switzerland is a culinary school located in Switzerland and a sister school of César Ritz Colleges Switzerland.

For the first 2 years of their studies, Bachelor's students are based at the Le Bouveret campus on the shores of Lake Geneva. In their final year students transfer to the campus in Brig, also in the canton of Valais.

Le Bouveret campus also houses the Mosimann Collection, an extensive collection of culinary memorabilia provided by Chef Anton Mosimann, OBE.

As of 2024, the academy is ranked seventh in the world in the hospitality and leisure category by QS World University Rankings. Culinary Arts Academy Switzerland is the highest ranking culinary school in Switzerland.
Dombivli
Dombivli (pronunciation: [ɖoːmbiʋliː]) is a Mumbai suburban city located on the banks of Ulhas River in Thane district of Maharashtra, India. It is part of Mumbai Metropolitan Region. One of the busiest railway stations of the Central Railway, Dombivli railway station is located here making Dombivli an important hub. This city is a cultural hub and an economically developing city along with its larger counterpart, Kalyan. Kalyan-Dombivli have been declared as a satellite city to Mumbai and is also becoming a Smart City with rapid development. Dombivli along with Kalyan has one of the highest literacy rate of 93% in the state of Maharashtra. It is today, the hub of many industries, however, which also impacts the city, somehow in residential matters.

Kalyan-Dombivli
Kalyan-Dombivli is a twin city and it comes under Mumbai Metropolitan Region and it is a municipal corporation with its headquarters located in Kalyan in Thane district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It was formed in 1982 to administer the twin townships of Kalyan and Dombivli. Kalyan has a history of over 700 years. Kalyan is also a major Railway Junction for the trains operating in Central Railway.

In 2016, the government of India announced five cities of Maharashtra state for the Smart Cities project. Kalyan-Dombivli is one of them. The other four cities are Aurangabad, Nashik, Nagpur, and Thane.
First Mesa, Arizona
First Mesa (Hopi: Wàlpi) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Navajo County, Arizona, United States, on the Hopi Reservation.  As of the 2010 census, the CDP population was 1,555, spread among three Hopi villages atop the 5,700-foot (1,740 m) mesa: Hano (or Tegua, Arizona), Sitsomovi (or Sichomovi), and Waalpi (or Walpi).

Walpi, Arizona
Walpi is a Hopi village established around AD 900. It is located above Arizona State Route 264, east of the Grand Canyon in Navajo County, northern Arizona. Walpi is the Hopi term for "place of the notch." Historically, the village has also been known as Ash Hill Terrace, Gaspe, Gualpi, Hualpi, Kuchapturela, Valpee, and Wolpi. Walpi became the official name as a result of a decision of the Board on Geographic Names in 1915.

Walpi is an ancient stone pueblo complex located on the First Mesa (of three), 300 feet (91 m) above the canyon floor, on the Hopi Reservation. The villages of Sichomovi and Tewa (Hano) are also on First Mesa, both established after the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 against the Spanish missions.
Byron Bay
Byron Bay (Minjungbal: Cavvanbah) is a beachside town located in the far-northeastern corner of New South Wales, Australia (in Bundjalung Country). It is located 772 kilometres (480 mi) north of Sydney and 165 kilometres (103 mi) south of Brisbane. Cape Byron, a headland adjacent to the town, is the easternmost point of mainland Australia. At the 2021 census, the town had a permanent population of 6,330. It is the largest town of Byron Shire local government area, though not the shire's administrative centre (which is Mullumbimby).

Mullumbimby
Mullumbimby, locally nicknamed Mullum, is a town in the Byron Shire in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia. It promotes itself as "The Biggest Little Town in Australia". It is known for its hippie subculture, and it has been referred to as "Australia's anti-vaxxer capital".

The town lies at the foot of Mount Chincogan in the Brunswick Valley about 9 kilometres (5.5 miles) by road from the coast. At the 2021 census, Mullumbimby and the surrounding area had a population of 3,589 people.

The Bundjalung people were the first people who lived in the area of Mullumbimby before the arrival of Europeans and remain the traditional owners of this place.
E-reader
An e-reader, also called an e reader or e device, is a mobile electronic device that is designed primarily for the purpose of reading digital e-books and periodicals.

Any device that can display text on a screen may act as an e-reader; however, specialized e-reader devices may optimize portability, readability, and battery life for this purpose. Their main advantage over printed books is portability: an e-reader is capable of storing thousands of books while weighing less than a single one. Another advantage is the convenience provided by add-on features.

Onyx Boox
Onyx Boox (stylized as BOOX) is a brand of e-ink readers, tablets, and monitors produced by Onyx International Inc, based in China. Since 2013, all non-monitor Boox devices use the Android operating system which allows users to read books across many book sellers, including their own ebook files, and use any other applications available to Android.