hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sender ID
Sender ID is an historic anti-spoofing proposal from the former MARID IETF working group that tried to join Sender Policy Framework (SPF) and Caller ID. Sender ID is defined primarily in Experimental RFC 4406, but there are additional parts in RFC 4405, RFC 4407 and RFC 4408.

Sender Policy Framework
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is an email authentication method that ensures the sending mail server is authorized to originate mail from the email sender's domain. This authentication only applies to the email sender listed in the "envelope from" field during the initial SMTP connection. If the email is bounced, a message is sent to this address, and for downstream transmission it typically appears in the "Return-Path" header. To authenticate the email address which is actually visible to recipients on the "From:" line, other technologies, such as DMARC, must be used. Forgery of this address is known as email spoofing, and is often used in phishing and email spam.

The list of authorized sending hosts and IP addresses for a domain is published in the DNS records for that domain. Sender Policy Framework is defined in RFC 7208 dated April 2014 as a "proposed standard".
Mass-independent fractionation
Mass-independent isotope fractionation or  Non-mass-dependent fractionation (NMD), refers to any chemical or physical process that acts to separate isotopes, where the amount of separation does not scale in proportion with the difference in the masses of the isotopes. Most isotopic fractionations (including typical kinetic fractionations and equilibrium fractionations) are caused by the effects of the mass of an isotope on atomic or molecular velocities, diffusivities or bond strengths. Mass-independent fractionation processes are less common, occurring mainly in photochemical and spin-forbidden reactions. Observation of mass-independent fractionated materials can therefore be used to trace these types of reactions in nature and in laboratory experiments.

Equilibrium fractionation
Equilibrium isotope fractionation is the partial separation of isotopes between two or more substances in chemical equilibrium. Equilibrium fractionation is strongest at low temperatures, and (along with kinetic isotope effects) forms the basis of the most widely used isotopic paleothermometers (or climate proxies): D/H and 18O/16O records from ice cores, and 18O/16O records from calcium carbonate. It is thus important for the construction of geologic temperature records. Isotopic fractionations attributed to equilibrium processes have been observed in many elements, from hydrogen (D/H) to uranium (238U/235U). In general, the light elements (especially hydrogen, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur) are most susceptible to fractionation, and their isotopes tend to be separated to a greater degree than heavier elements.
Anelis Kaiser
Anelis Kaiser is professor of gender studies at MINT, University of Freiburg, Germany. She is also on the lecturer within the social psychology and social neuroscience department at the University of Bern, Switzerland. Along with Isabelle Dussauge, Kaiser was a guest editor of a special issue on Neuroscience and sex/gender of the journal Neuroethics, they also co-founded The NeuroGenderings Network together.

Isabelle Dussauge
Isabelle Dussauge is a science, technology and society (STS) researcher at the Department of History of Science and Ideas, Uppsala University, Sweden and former assistant professor at the Department of Thematic Studies (technology and social change), Linköping University, Sweden. She is also the co-founder, with Anelis Kaiser, of The NeuroGenderings Network, and acted as guest editor, again with Kaiser on the journal Neuroethics.
Socialist Republic of Croatia
The Socialist Republic of Croatia (Serbo-Croatian: Socijalistička Republika Hrvatska), commonly abbreviated as SR Croatia and referred to as simply Croatia, was a constituent republic and federated state of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. By its constitution, modern-day Croatia is its direct continuation.

Along with five other Yugoslav republics, Croatia was formed during World War II and became a socialist republic after the war. It had four full official names during its 48-year existence (see below). By territory and population, it was the second largest republic in Yugoslavia, after the Socialist Republic of Serbia.

In 1990, the government dismantled the single-party system of government – installed by the League of Communists – and adopted a multi-party democracy. The newly elected government of Franjo Tuđman moved the republic towards independence, formally seceding from Yugoslavia in 1991 and thereby contributing to its dissolution.

Socialist Republic of Serbia
The Socialist Republic of Serbia (Serbo-Croatian: Социјалистичка Република Србија / Socijalistička Republika Srbija), previously known as the People's Republic of Serbia (Serbo-Croatian: Народна Република Србија / Narodna Republika Srbija, lit. 'National Republic of Serbia'), commonly abbreviated as Republic of Serbia, SR Serbia or simply Serbia, was one of the six constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in what is now the modern day states of Serbia and the disputed territory of Kosovo. Its formation was initiated in 1941, and achieved in 1944–1946, when it was established as a federated republic within Yugoslavia. In that form, it lasted until the constitutional reforms from 1990 to 1992, when it was reconstituted, as the Republic of Serbia within the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. It was the largest constituent republic of Yugoslavia, in terms of population and territory. Its capital, Belgrade, was also the federal capital of Yugoslavia.
The Aerial Anarchists
The Aerial Anarchists is a 1911 British silent science fiction film directed by Walter R. Booth. It is the third and final film in Booth's science fiction series seeking to present a picture of futuristic aerial warfare. Aerial Anarchists followed on from Aerial Torpedo and Aerial Submarine and the films constitute the first real science fiction series made in the United Kingdom. The story focuses on an attack against London by a fleet of airships from an unknown country.

The Airship Destroyer
The Airship Destroyer (originally titled Der Luftkrieg Der Zukunft, also titled "The Aerial Torpedo", "The Battle of the Clouds" in the United Kingdom and "The Battle in the Clouds" in the United States) is a 1909 British silent science fiction trick film directed by Walter R. Booth.
Club Trésors de Champagne
Club Trésors de Champagne (also Special Club) was founded in 1971 by 12 of the oldest families of the Champagne wine region; current membership includes  25 producers of grower Champagnes. The Special Club designated Champagnes are the tête de cuvée of each producer. The original  group of twelve growers first called  it Club de Viticultures Champenois, and in 1999  changed their name to Club Trésors de Champagne. Special Club Champagnes must be produced, bottled and aged at the member's estate, including a minimum of three years aging on lees.  The purpose of the club is to highlight the unique terroir of each family holding. Current members who were part of the founding of the group include Pierre Gimonnet, Gaston Chiquet and Paul Bara.
In 2003,  the vintage was deemed   unbalanced, and so the Club decided not to produce any Special Club wines that year.

Gaston Chiquet
Gaston Chiquet is a Grower Champagne producer and an original member of Club Trésors de Champagne.

The house has 23 hectares in Hautvillers, Dizy, Aÿ, Mareuil-sur-Aÿ, Crugny and Nanteuil-la-Forêt planted to 46% Chardonnay, 20% Pinot noir and 34% Pinot Meunier.
South Florida Railroad
The South Florida Railroad was a railroad from Sanford, Florida, to Tampa, Florida, becoming part of the Plant System in 1893 and the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad in 1902.  It served as the southernmost segment of the Atlantic Coast Line's main line.  The line remains in service today and is now part of the Central Florida Rail Corridor in the Orlando metro area.  The rest of the line remains under the ownership of CSX Transportation as part of their A Line.

Plant System
The Plant System, named after its owner, Henry B. Plant, was a system of railroads and steamboats in the U.S. South, taken over by the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad in 1902. The original line of the system was the Savannah, Florida and Western Railway, running across southern Georgia. The Plant Investment Company was formed in 1882 to lease and buy other railroads and expand the system. Other major lines incorporated into the system include the Savannah and Charleston Railroad and the Brunswick and Western Railroad.
Anne FitzPatrick, Countess of Upper Ossory
Anne FitzPatrick, Countess of Upper Ossory (née Liddell; 11 August [O.S. 31 July] 1736 – 23 February 1804), formerly Anne FitzRoy, Duchess of Grafton, was an English noblewoman and the first wife of Augustus Henry FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton. Grafton divorced her while serving as prime minister and while he was publicly engaging in an affair with Anne Parsons.

She was a noted correspondent of Horace Walpole. In 1761, FitzPatrick sent a silhouette that Jean Huber had created of her and her daughter to Walpole. This letter was to be the start of a correspondence of 455 letters between herself and Walpole. In a letter to Horace Mann, Walpole wrote that Anne was "not a regular beauty, but one of the finest women you ever saw, and with more dignity and address. She is one of our first great ladies."

Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton
Augustus Henry FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton (28 September 1735 – 14 March 1811), styled Earl of Euston between 1747 and 1757, was a British Whig statesman of the Georgian era. He is one of a handful of dukes who have served as prime minister.

He became prime minister in 1768 at the age of 33, leading the supporters of William Pitt, and was the youngest person to hold the office until the appointment of William Pitt the Younger 15 years later. However, he struggled to demonstrate an ability to counter increasing challenges to Britain's global dominance following the nation's victory in the Seven Years' War. He was widely attacked for allowing France to annex Corsica, and stepped down in 1770, handing over power to Lord North.
Nick Jr. (Australia & New Zealand)
Nick Jr. was a 24-hour children's pay television channel in Australia and New Zealand targeted at preschoolers. Before the channel's launch, Nick Jr. was a morning programming block on Nickelodeon until 2004, when Foxtel as a local feed of its American counterpart, launched it as a full 24-hour children's channel. The channel is owned by Paramount Networks UK & Australia, and was also available on Optus Television.

Nickelodeon (Australia and New Zealand)
Nickelodeon was an Australian and New Zealand children's pay television channel owned by Paramount Networks UK & Australia. It was based on the namesake American television channel.

Since 1 December 2010, the Australian and New Zealand versions of the subscription channel have been the same. The New Zealand-specific version of Nickelodeon shut down the day before.

The channel was removed from Foxtel on 1 August 2023, the same day as the free-to-air channel 10 Shake rebranded as Nickelodeon. The existing pay television channel continued to broadcast through Fetch in Australia until November 1 2025, as well as on Sky in New Zealand until December 2025. The Fetch feed was renamed "Nick", to differentiate it from the free-to-air channel.
Columbia Railway
The Columbia Railway was the third streetcar company to operate in Washington, D.C.  It was incorporated and started operations in 1870, running from the Treasury Building along H Street NW/NE to the city boundary at 15th Street NE. It switched to cable power in 1895 and then electric power in 1899. The company extended to Seat Pleasant, Maryland, and Kenilworth in 1898. In the late 19th century, it was purchased by the Washington Traction and Electric Company and on February 4, 1902, became a part of the Washington Railway and Electric Company.

Washington Railway and Electric Company
The Washington Railway and Electric Company (WREC) was the larger of the two major streetcar companies in Washington, D.C., and its Maryland suburbs in the early decades of the 20th century.

Founded as the Washington and Great Falls Electric Railway Company in 1892, the company was appointed by act of Congress in 1900 to acquire several other streetcar companies that had been swept into a failed conglomerate. Consequent acquisitions transformed the company into the region's largest transit operator. Renamed Washington Railway and Electric Company in 1902, it controlled lines from Anacostia in Southeast D.C. past the White House and out to various Maryland cities and towns, including Rockville and Cabin John to the northwest and Hyattsville and Laurel to the northeast.

The WREC operated until 1933, when it was merged with its main competitor, the Capital Traction Company, to form the Capital Transit Company.
Diocese of Savannah
The Diocese of Savannah (Latin: Dioecesis Savannensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church in southern Georgia in the United States. The mother church of the diocese is Cathedral Basilica of Saint John the Baptist in Savannah. The patron saint is John the Baptist.

The Diocese of Savannah is a suffragan diocese, part of the ecclesiastical province under the metropolitan Archdiocese of Atlanta. As of 2025, the bishop is Stephen D. Parkes.

Archdiocese of Atlanta
The Archdiocese of Atlanta (Latin: Archdiœcesis Atlantensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in northern Georgia in United States. The archdiocese is led by a prelate archbishop, who also serves as pastor of the mother church, the Cathedral of Christ the King in Atlanta. The archbishop is Gregory Hartmayer.
Jude Gitamondoc
Jude Gitamondoc (complete name Jude Thaddeus Gitamondoc) is a Filipino songwriter, record producer, musical director, and stage director based in Cebu, Philippines. He had won several awards including two Awit Awards, ABS-CBN's Himig Handog TFC Choice Award, StarStudio Reader's Choice Award, Cebu Pop Musical Festival, Golden Screen Awards, and Gawad Urian Award.
He had composed, arranged, produced and/or contributed songs for Filipino singers and artists including Regine Velasquez, Piolo Pascual, Toni Gonzaga, KC Concepcion, Gary Valenciano, Eric Santos, Kyla, among others. In addition, he was commissioned in the production of several musical plays both original and adaptations, including the Philippine Daily Inquirer's best musical play of 2017 Gugmang Giatay. He also co-founded the Visayan Pop Songwriting Campaign (Vispop), a yearly songwriting competition for songs written in the Cebuano language.

Visayan Pop Songwriting Campaign
Visayan Pop Songwriting Campaign, also known as Vispop or Visayan Pop Music Festival, is a Cebuano national songwriting campaign and competition for pop music compositions launched in Cebu City, Philippines on 2012. The competition is under the auspice of Artists and Musicians Marketing Cooperative (Artist Ko). From 2013-2017, it was staged in cooperation with the Filipino Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (FILSCAP). The 2019 edition was organized with the partnership of Sacred Heart School for Boys - Batch 1985 Foundation, but the project was later shelved.

The campaign's winning entries became hits in various regional FM radio stations, even those that were in non-Cebuano speaking localities. The word "Vispop" also developed into an umbrella term to refer and describe songs produced from the contest and contemporary Cebuano music.
Erik Eriksson
Erik Eriksson (Old Norse: Eiríkr Eiríksson; 1216 – 2 February 1250), sometimes known as Erik XI or with the epithet the Lisp and Lame (läspe och halte), was King of Sweden from 1222 to 1229 and again from 1234 to 1250. Being the last ruler of the House of Erik, he stood in the shadow of a succession of powerful jarls, especially his brother-in-law Birger Jarl, whose descendants ruled as kings after his death.

Birger Jarl
Birger Jarl or Birger Magnusson (c. 1210 – 21 October 1266) was a Swedish statesman and regent, jarl, and a member of the House of Bjälbo, who played a pivotal role in consolidating Sweden after the civil wars between the House of Erik and the House of Sverker. His first marriage was to Princess Ingeborg of Sweden, which created his base of power. Birger led the Second Swedish Crusade, which established Swedish rule in Finland. Additionally, he is traditionally attributed with the foundation of the Swedish capital, Stockholm, around 1250. Birger used the Latin title of dux sveorum et guttorum ("duke of Swedes and Geats").
Metland Telagamurni railway station
Metland Telagamurni Station (MTM) is a class III railway station located in Telagamurni, West Cikarang, Bekasi Regency, serving the town of Cikarang. The station, which is located at an altitude of +18 meters, is included in the Operational Area I Jakarta of Kereta Api Indonesia and only serves the KRL Commuterline. The station has two railway tracks.

Located nearby Metland Cibitung housing complex, Metland Telagamurni Station is a public-private-partnership between Directorate General of Railways of Ministry of Transportation, Kereta Api Indonesia, property company Metland, and contractor PT Majumapan Bangunindo. In a roadmap designed by those parties, the station was built to be used by Metland Cibitung residents to catch public transport without the need to go to nearby Cikarang Station.

Cikarang railway station
Cikarang Station (CKR) is a railway station located at Karangasih, North Cikarang, West Java in Indonesia, serving the town of Cikarang. Previously the station was only served by regional train services between West Java and Jakarta. It is included in the service area of Jakarta metro commuter rail since October 2017.

At present the station serves as the terminal stop for Jakarta metro commuter rail Blue Line. Regional train services such as Jatiluhur (runs between these station and Cikampek) and Walahar Express (Cikarang to Purwakarta) continue to serve this station. On the other hand, Manggarai–Cikarang doubled-double track (DDT) project was expected to be completed in 2020. Cikarang Station is located east of Cikarang river. A market also stands behind the station building.
Abdullahi dan Fodio
Abdullahi ɗan Fodio ⓘ (Arabic: عبد الله بن فودي, romanized: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Fūdī; ca. 1766–1828), was a prominent Islamic scholar, jurist, poet, grammarian, and theologian, and the first Amir of Gwandu (r. 1812–1828) and first Wazirin Sokoto (Grand Vizier of Sokoto). His brother, Usman dan Fodio (1754–1817) was the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate. Usman, being more of a scholar than politician, delegated the practical regency of the western part of his empire to Abdullahi and the eastern part to his son Muhammed Bello, who later became the Sultan of Sokoto after his father.

Muhammed Bello
Muhammadu Bello (pronunciationⓘ; Arabic: محمد بلو ابن عثمان ابن فودي, romanized: Muḥammad Bello bin ʿUthmān bin Fūdī; 3 November 1781 – 25 October 1837) was the second Caliph of Sokoto and reigned from 1817 until 1837. He was also an active writer of history, poetry, and Islamic studies. He was the son and primary aide to Usman dan Fodio, the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate and the first caliph.  During his reign, he encouraged the spread of Islam throughout the region, increasing education for both men and women, and the establishment of Islamic courts.  He died on October 25, 1837, and was succeeded by his brother Abu Bakr Atiku and then his son, Aliyu Babba.
Secret (app)
Secret was an iOS and Android app service that allowed people to share messages anonymously within their circle of friends, friends of friends, and publicly. It differs from other anonymous sharing apps such as PostSecret, Whisper, and Yik Yak in that it was intended for sharing primarily with friends, potentially making it more interesting and addictive for people reading the updates. It was founded by David Byttow, the former lead for Square Wallet, and Chrys Bader-Wechseler, a former Google product manager at Google+, Photovine and YouTube. Bader-Wechseler left the company in January 2015, with the stated reason that the company's shift away from detailed design and towards more minimalistic design meant that he felt he was no longer the best person to be at the helm of the company. Byttow announced the shutdown of the app and the company on April 29, 2015.

Whisper (app)
Whisper was a free proprietary mobile app. It was a form of anonymous social media, allowing users to post and share photo and video messages anonymously, although this claim has been challenged with privacy concerns over Whisper's handling of user data. The postings, called "whispers", consist of text superimposed over an image, and the background imagery is either automatically retrieved from Whisper's search engine or uploaded by the user.
Kōdai-ke no Hitobito
Kōdai-ke no Hitobito (高台家の人々; "People of the Kōdai Family") is a Japanese romantic comedy josei manga series written and illustrated by Kozueko Morimoto. Published by Shueisha, the chapters of the manga were serialized on You between February 15, 2013, and March 15, 2017, and have been compiled into six tankōbon volume. It was preceded by a one-shot published in the same magazine in December 2012, and followed by two side stories in April 2017 and December 2017. A live-action film adaptation of the same name was released in Japan on June 4, 2016.

Gokusen
Gokusen (ごくせん) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kozueko Morimoto. It was serialized in Shueisha's josei manga magazine You from 2000 to 2007, with its chapters collected in 15 wideban volumes. The story follows Kumiko Yamaguchi, the granddaughter of a yakuza boss and teacher at an all-male private high school.

The manga was adapted into a three-season television drama, with Yukie Nakama in the title role, which was broadcast on Nippon TV from 2002 to 2008, followed by a theatrical film, which premiered in 2009. A 13-episode anime television series adaptation by Madhouse was broadcast on Nippon TV in 2004. The anime series was licensed in North America by Media Blasters.
Penglai, Yantai
Penglai, formerly known as Dengzhou or Tengchow, is a district of Yantai City, Shandong Peninsula in the People's Republic of China. It lies on the northwest corner of the Shandong Peninsula on the southern coast of the Gulf of Bohai. Penglai is famous for its mirages out at sea, which are frequent during May and June. Formerly a county-level city under Yantai's administration, Penglai became a district in 2020.

Yantai
37°27′53″N 121°26′52″E﻿ / ﻿37.4646°N 121.4478°E﻿ / 37.4646; 121.4478

Yantai, formerly known by the Europeans as Chefoo, is a coastal prefecture-level city on the Shandong Peninsula in China. Lying on the southern coast of the Bohai Strait, Yantai borders Qingdao on the southwest and Weihai on the east, with sea access to both the Bohai Sea (via the Laizhou Bay and the Bohai Strait) and the Yellow Sea (from both north and south sides of the Shandong Peninsula).  It is the largest fishing seaport in Shandong.  Its population was 7,102,116 during the 2020 census, of whom 3,184,299 lived in the built-up area made up of the 5 urban districts of Zhifu, Laishan, Fushan, Muping, and Penglai.