hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kan fibration
In mathematics, Kan complexes and Kan fibrations are part of the theory of simplicial sets. Kan fibrations are the fibrations of the standard model category structure on simplicial sets and are therefore of fundamental importance. Kan complexes are the fibrant objects in this model category. The name is in honor of Daniel Kan.

For various kinds of fibrations for simplicial sets, see Fibration of simplicial sets.

Fibration of simplicial sets
In mathematics, especially in homotopy theory, a left fibration of simplicial sets is a map that has the right lifting property with respect to the horn inclusions . A right fibration is defined similarly with the condition . A Kan fibration is one with the right lifting property with respect to every horn inclusion; hence, a Kan fibration is exactly a map that is both a left and right fibration.
Koolanooka, Western Australia
Koolanooka is a small town in the Mid West region of Western Australia. It is situated between Morawa and Perenjori just off the Mullewa-Wubin road. At the 2006 census, Koolanooka had a population of 46.

In 1932 the Wheat Pool of Western Australia announced that the town would have two grain elevators, each fitted with an engine, installed at the railway siding.

Morawa, Western Australia
Morawa is a town in the Mid West region of Western Australia. It is located within the Shire of Morawa, approximately 370 kilometres (230 mi) north of the state capital Perth, on the railway line between Wongan Hills and Mullewa.
History of fencing
The oldest surviving manual on western swordsmanship dates back to the 14th century, although historical references date fencing schools back to the 12th century.

Modern fencing originated in the 18th century, influenced by the Italian school of fencing of the Renaissance as modified by the French school.

Italian school of swordsmanship
The term Italian school of swordsmanship is used to describe the Italian style of fencing and edged-weapon combat from the time of the first extant Italian swordsmanship treatise (1409) to the days of classical fencing (up to the modern day).

Although the weapons and the reason for their use changed dramatically throughout these five centuries, a few fundamental traits have remained constant in the Italian school. Some of these are the preference for certain guards, the preoccupation with time (or "tempo") in fencing as well as many of the defensive actions.

The Dardi school of fencing with the spada da lato was one of the influences of the early modern style of fencing.
Shughni language
Shughni is one of the Pamir languages of the Southeastern Iranian language group. Its distribution is in the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region in Tajikistan, Badakhshan Province in Afghanistan, Chitral district in Pakistan and Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County in China.

Shughni-Rushani tends towards SOV word order, distinguishes a masculine and feminine gender in nouns and some adjectives, as well as the 3rd person singular of verbs. Shughni distinguishes between an absolutive and an oblique case in its system of pronouns. Rushani is noted for a typologically unusual 'double-oblique' construction, also called a 'transitive case', in the past tense. Normally Soviet school scientists consider Rushani as a close but independent language to Shughni, while Western school scientists codes Rushani as a dialect of Shughni due to Afghanistan Rushani speakers living in the Shighnan district of Badakhshan Province.

Rushani language
Rushani is one of the Pamir languages spoken in Afghanistan and Tajikistan. Rushani is relatively closer to all Northern Pamiri languages sub-group whether it is Shughni, Yazgulami, Sarikuli or Oroshori sharing many grammatical and vocabulary similarity with all of them especially with Shughni and thus some linguists consider it a dialect of Shughni.

Rushan is divided into two parts by Panj river where on right bank along Bartang river to the East located Rushan district of GBAO, Tajikistan and on the left side located several villages of Roshan area in northern part of the Sheghnan District, in the Badakhshan Province of Afghanistan and the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region in Tajikistan. Afghani Roshan consists of six villages including Rubotin, Paguor, Chawed, York, Shaikhin and Chasnud, five of which are located on the bank of the river Panj, which meets at the border of Tajikistan. Most Rushani speakers belong to the Ismaili branch of Shi'a Islam.
Duddeston railway station
Duddeston railway station serves the Duddeston area of Birmingham, England. It is sited on the Cross-City Line between Bromsgrove and Redditch in the south and Four Oaks and Lichfield Trent Valley in the north and the Chase Line between Birmingham International and Rugeley Trent Valley. Both lines run towards Birmingham New Street in the southbound direction.

Four Oaks railway station
Four Oaks railway station serves the Four Oaks area of Sutton Coldfield, West Midlands, England. It is situated on the Cross-City Line.  The station and all trains serving it are operated by West Midlands Railway.
Kafr Dan
Kafr Dan (Arabic: كفر ذان) is a Palestinian village in the Jenin Governorate, located 8 km northwest of Jenin in the northern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) census, the town had a population of  5,148 in 2007 and 6,591 in 2017.

Jenin
32°27′40″N 35°18′00″E﻿ / ﻿32.46111°N 35.30000°E﻿ / 32.46111; 35.30000

Jenin (/ʒɪˈniːn/ zhin-EEN; Arabic: جنين, romanized: Jinīn, locally pronounced [ʒɪˈniːn] ⓘ) is a city in the West Bank, Palestine, and is the capital of the Jenin Governorate. It is a hub for the surrounding towns. Jenin came under Israeli occupation in 1967, and was put under the administration of the Palestinian National Authority as Area A of the West Bank, a Palestinian enclave, in 1995.

The city had a population of approximately 50,000 people in 2017, whilst the Jenin refugee camp had a population of about 10,000, housing families of Palestinians who fled or were expelled from their homes during the 1948 Palestine War. The camp has since become a stronghold of Palestinian militants, being the location of several incidents relating to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
CUHK Medical Centre
CUHK Medical Centre (Chinese: 香港中文大學醫院) is a non-profit, private teaching hospital located on the campus of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) in Ma Liu Shui, Sha Tin District, New Territories, Hong Kong. It is the first hospital in Hong Kong to be developed as a "smart hospital", integrating advanced digital technologies across patient care and hospital operations. The hospital officially commenced operations with limited services on 6 January 2021.

Chinese University of Hong Kong
The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) is a public university in Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong.

Established in 1963 as a federation of three colleges – Chung Chi College, New Asia College, and United College, it is Hong Kong's second-oldest university, with the first being the University of Hong Kong. Predecessors of the university included St. John's University, Lingnan University and Yenching University, alongside 10 other Christian universities in China.

The university is organised into nine constituent colleges and eight academic faculties, and remains the only collegiate university in Hong Kong. The university operates in both English and Chinese.

Four Nobel laureates are associated with the university, and it is the only tertiary institution in Hong Kong with recipients of the Nobel Prize, Turing Award, Fields Medal, and Veblen Prize sitting as faculty in residence.
Dobroyd Head
33°48′36″S 151°16′24″E﻿ / ﻿33.81000°S 151.27333°E﻿ / -33.81000; 151.27333
Dobroyd Head is a point or headland in the Northern Beaches local government area, in the suburb of Balgowlah Heights, New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the Sydney Harbour National Park, which contains examples of ecosystems at risk such as coastal heath. Tania Park is located to the immediate north-east, and contains the 2MWM 90.3 transmitter. There is a lookout sited on the headland named after Arabanoo, the first Aboriginal man to live among European settlers who was captured in Manly Cove in 1788.

Sydney Harbour National Park
The Sydney Harbour National Park is an Australian national park comprising parts of Port Jackson, Sydney and its foreshores and various islands. The 392-hectare (970-acre) national park lies in New South Wales and was created progressively, from 1975.

The national park protects the landforms of Bradleys Head, Clark Island, Dobroyd Head, Fort Denison, Georges Head, Goat Island, Middle Head, Nielsen Park, Rodd Island, Shark Island, Sydney Heads including the Quarantine Station at North Head and The Gap bluff at South Head. The national park also protects the waterway between North Head and Dobroyd Head, defined as the North Sydney Harbour Aquatic Reserve. Parts of the national park lie outside the harbour and face the Tasman Sea.

The national park is managed by the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service.
AFC Ajax–PSV Eindhoven rivalry
The rivalry between Ajax and PSV, most commonly known as De Topper (sometimes Dé Topper), is one of the main football rivalries of the Netherlands. It is between Ajax, of Amsterdam and PSV, from Eindhoven (two of the traditional Big Three clubs in the Netherlands), and is highly contested. Although not as charged as De Klassieker, the rivalry between the two sides has increased in intensity over the past four decades.

De Klassieker
De Klassieker (The Classic) is the main football rivalry of the Netherlands, between Ajax (of Amsterdam) and Feyenoord (of Rotterdam), two of the traditional Big Three football teams from the Netherlands. The record attendance was on 9 January 1966, when 65,562 watched in Rotterdam.
Murder of Lee Kok Cheong
On the evening of 12 December 1993, Lee Kok Cheong (李国祥 Lǐ Guóxiáng) was at his home in Greenleaf Place along Holland Road, when three youths entered his house to commit robbery. Two of the attackers stabbed Lee, then strangled him, which caused his death. Lee, an associate professor at the National University of Singapore, was 54 years old at the time of his death.

The killers subsequently stole valuables from Lee's house and left his body in the house before its discovery two days later. Between 1997 and 2006, the three robbers were all arrested and charged with murder. One of the robbers was subsequently imprisoned and caned for lesser charges of robbery, theft and cheating, while the remaining two assailants, who were both involved in the strangulation of Lee, were found guilty of murder and sentenced to death in 1998 and 2006 respectively.

Capital punishment in Singapore
Executions in Singapore are carried out by long drop hanging, and usually take place at dawn. Thirty-three offences—including murder, drug trafficking, terrorism, use of firearms and kidnapping—warrant the death penalty under Singaporean law.

In 2012, Singapore amended its laws to exempt some offences from the mandatory death sentence. In a 2005 survey by The Straits Times, 95% of Singaporeans were of the view that their country should retain the death penalty. The support steadily fell throughout the years due to the increasing liberal opinions of society. Despite the decline, a large majority of the public remains supportive of the use of the death penalty, with more than 80% of Singaporeans believing that their country should retain the death penalty in 2021.

The most recent execution conducted in Singapore took place on 13 February 2026, when a 62-year-old Singaporean was hanged for trafficking not less than 29.06g of diamorphine in his possession.
Acer Liquid E
The Acer Liquid E is a touchscreen smartphone developed and marketed by Acer Inc. It is the second handset designed by Acer that uses Android 2.1 (Eclair). It was introduced in February, 2010 succeeding the Acer Liquid A1.

Acer Liquid A1
The Acer Liquid A1 (S100) is a smartphone manufactured by Acer Inc. of Taiwan. It was launched on 7 December 2009 in the UK. The phone is Acer's first to use the Android operating system, backed by Google. It is also the world's first Android phone to use a Snapdragon processor.
Western Pwo alphabet
The Western Pwo alphabet (Pwo Western Karen: ၦဖျိၩ့ၡိအလံၬခၪ့ထံၭ /pə pʰloúɴ ɕô ʔə leiʔ kʰàɴ tʰeiʔ/) is an abugida used for writing Western Pwo language. It was derived from the Burmese script in the early 19th century, and ultimately from either the Kadamba or Pallava alphabet of South India. The Western Pwo alphabet is also used for the liturgical languages of Pali and Sanskrit.

Mon–Burmese script
The Mon–Burmese script (Burmese: မွန်မြန်မာအက္ခရာ, listenⓘ; Mon: အက္ခရ်မန်ဗၟာ, listenⓘ, also called the Mon script and Burmese script) is an abugida that derives from the Pallava Grantha script of southern India and later of Southeast Asia. It is the primary writing system for Burmese, Mon, Shan, Rakhine, Jingpho, and several Karen languages.

The Mon-Burmese script is distinguished from Khmer-derived scripts (e.g., Khmer and Thai) by its basis on Pali orthography (they traditionally lack Sanskrit letters representing the sibilants ⟨ś⟩ and ⟨ṣ⟩ and the vocalic sonorants ⟨ṛ⟩ and ⟨ḷ⟩), the use of a virāma, and the round shape of letters.
Vega 2
Vega 2 (along with Vega 1) was a Soviet space probe part of the Vega program to explore Halley's Comet and Venus. The spacecraft was a development of the earlier Venera craft. The name VeGa (ВеГа) combines the first two letters of the Russian words for Venus (Венера: "Venera") and Halley (Галлея: "Galleya"). They were designed by Babakin Space Centre and constructed as 5VK by Lavochkin at Khimki. The craft was powered by large twin solar panels. Instruments included an antenna dish, cameras, spectrometer, infrared sounder, magnetometers (MISCHA) and plasma probes. The 4,840 kilograms (10,670 lb) craft was launched on top of a Proton-K from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Tyuratam, Kazakh SSR. Both Vega 1 and 2 were three-axis stabilized spacecraft. The spacecraft were equipped with a dual bumper shield for dust protection from Halley's Comet.

Vega 1
Vega 1 (along with its twin Vega 2) was a Soviet space probe, part of the Vega program. The spacecraft was a development of the earlier Venera craft. They were designed by Babakin Space Centre and constructed as 5VK by Lavochkin at Khimki. The name VeGa (ВеГа) combines the first two letters from the Russian words for Venus (Венера: "Venera") and Halley (Галлея: "Galleya").

The craft was powered by twin large solar panels and instruments included an antenna dish, cameras, spectrometer, infrared sounder, magnetometers (MISCHA), and plasma probes. The 4,840 kg (10,670 lb) craft was launched by a Proton-K rocket from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Tyuratam, Kazakh SSR.  Both Vega 1 and 2 were three-axis stabilized spacecraft.  The spacecraft were equipped with a dual bumper shield for dust protection from Halley's Comet.
Jacob Wallenberg
Jacob Wallenberg (born 13 January 1956) is a Swedish banker and industrialist from the Wallenberg family who currently serves as a board member for multiple companies. He was described by The Guardian as a “prince in Sweden's royal family of finance”.

Wallenberg family
The Wallenberg family is a prominent Swedish family of bankers, industrialists, politicians, bureaucrats and diplomats, present in most large Swedish industrial groups, including EQT AB, Ericsson, Electrolux, ABB, SAS Group, SKF, Atlas Copco, Saab AB, and more. In the 1970s, the Wallenberg family businesses employed 40% of Sweden's industrial workforce and represented 40% of the total worth of the Stockholm stock market. Their flagship company, Investor AB, has a market capitalization of around $60 billion.

The most famous of the Wallenberg family, Raoul Wallenberg, a diplomat, worked in Budapest, Hungary, during World War II to rescue Jews from the Holocaust. Between July and December 1944, he issued protective passports and housed Jews, saving tens of thousands of Jewish lives. The family is also heavily involved in philanthropy through the Wallenberg foundations, especially the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation.
Durham railway station
Durham is a railway station on the East Coast Main Line, which runs between London King's Cross and Edinburgh Waverley; it is situated 14 miles 3 chains (14.0 miles; 22.6 kilometres) south of Newcastle. The station serves the cathedral city of Durham, in County Durham, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by London North Eastern Railway.

Durham is a through station with two platforms, located north of the city centre on a hill. To the south, the railway line approaches the station via the eleven arched Durham Viaduct, a major local landmark. After a renovation between 2006 and 2008, the original stone station building is now the ticket hall and main concourse.

Edinburgh Waverley railway station
Edinburgh Waverley (also known simply as Edinburgh; Scottish Gaelic: Waverley Dhùn Èideann) is the principal railway station serving Edinburgh, Scotland. It is the second busiest station in Scotland, after Glasgow Central. The station serves as the northern terminus of the East Coast Main Line, 393 miles 13 chains (393.16 miles; 632.7 kilometres) from London King's Cross, although some trains operated by London North Eastern Railway continue to other Scottish destinations beyond Edinburgh.
Munich–Rosenheim railway
The Munich–Rosenheim railway is a 65 kilometre-long double-track main line of the German railways. It connects Munich Hauptbahnhof with Rosenheim station, where it connects with the Rosenheim–Salzburg railway, which connects with the line to Vienna at Salzburg, and the line to Kufstein, which continues to Innsbruck and the Brenner line to Italy. The line is part of the "Main line for Europe", connecting Paris with Bratislava and Budapest and the almost identical line 17 of Trans-European Transport Networks (TEN-T). It is part of the line 1 of TEN-T.  It is electrified at 15 kV, 16.7 Hz. It was opened between Munich and Rosenheim in 1871.

Rosenheim station
Rosenheim station (German: Bahnhof Rosenheim) is the main railway station in the city of Rosenheim in Bavaria, Germany. It is the seventh largest passenger station in Bavaria and an important railway hub between the Munich–Rosenheim railway line and the lines to Salzburg, Kufstein/Innsbruck and Mühldorf, as well as the Mangfall Valley Railway. Rosenheim is operated by DB Station&Service, a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn AG, and is classified as a Category 2 station
Shock (2004 film)
Shock is a 2004 Indian Tamil-language supernatural horror film directed and produced by Thiagarajan. The film stars his son Prashanth and Meena, while Abbas, Thiagarajan, Suhasini, Kalairani, and Sarath Babu, among others played the supporting roles. The music is composed by Salim–Sulaiman. It is a remake of the Hindi film Bhoot (2003), and was released on 23 July 2004. The film received a positive response from critics and was a box office success.

Bhoot (film)
Bhoot (transl. Ghost) is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language supernatural horror film directed by Ram Gopal Varma and stars an ensemble cast of Ajay Devgn, Urmila Matondkar, Nana Patekar, Rekha, Fardeen Khan(in a cameo) and Tanuja. It is the second horror film made by Ram Gopal Verma after Raat. The film was perceived to be different from a typical Hindi film as it did not feature the songs composed for it. The film was later dubbed in Telugu as 12 Va Anthasthu and remade in Tamil as Shock.

Bhoot was a box-office hit. Urmila won several accolades and awards for her performance as a possessed wife. Over the years, it has been considered one of the best Bollywood horror films of all time. Verma made a sequel called Bhoot Returns which was released on 12 October 2012.
Süd-Thüringen-Bahn
Süd-Thüringen-Bahn GmbH (STB) is a public, non-state-owned railway company founded on 10 December 1999. The shareholders are Erfurter Bahn GmbH (EB) and Hessische Landesbahn GmbH (HLB), each with a 50 percent stake. The company is based at Erfurter Bahn in Erfurt, Thuringia. The operating location and operational management are located in Meiningen, Thuringia.

Süd-Thüringen-Bahn is primarily active in local rail passenger transport (SPNV). It provides transport services on an approximately 370-kilometer network with seven railway lines on seven railway lines in the south of the Free State of Thuringia and between Meiningen and Erfurt. The blue band in the logo symbolizes the course of the Werra and thus the main area of operation.

Erfurter Bahn
The Erfurter Bahn (EB, lit. "Erfurt railway") is a railway company and public transit system serving the city of Erfurt, the capital of Thuringia, Germany. Erfurter Bahn is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Erfurt city council, and Süd-Thüringen-Bahn, operating between Erfurt and Meiningen, is a subsidiary of the former. Services are operated by Regio-Shuttle RS1 and Bombardier Itino trains.

Operations began in 1912 under the name of Städtische Industriebahn (Municipal industrial railway), rebranded as the Erfurter Industriebahn in 1990 to coincide with its acquisition by the city council, and as the Erfurter Bahn in 2007 after passenger transport was added.
Toroidal polyhedron
In geometry, a toroidal polyhedron is a polyhedron which is also a toroid (a g-holed torus), having a topological genus (g) of 1 or greater. Notable examples include the Császár and Szilassi polyhedra.

Császár polyhedron
In geometry, the Császár polyhedron (Hungarian: [ˈt͡ʃaːsaːr]) is a nonconvex toroidal polyhedron with 14 triangular faces.

This polyhedron has no diagonals; every pair of vertices is connected by an edge. The seven vertices and 21 edges of the Császár polyhedron form an embedding of the complete graph K7 onto a topological torus. Of the 35 possible triangles from vertices of the polyhedron, only 14 are faces.
Fabrice Carré
Fabrice Carré or Carré-Labrousse, real name Jules Fabrice, (9 July 1855 in the 6th arrondissement of Paris – 1921) was a 19th-century French playwright, and librettist. The dramatist Fabrice Labrousse (1806-1876) was his grandson.

After studying law, he worked as a journalist before turning to the theater. He was the author, alone or in collaboration, especially with Paul Ferrier, of many comédies en vaudeville and operetta librettos, the best known being Joséphine vendue par ses sœurs (1886), music by Victor Roger, L'Enlèvement de la Toledad (1894) and Monsieur Lohengrin (1896), music by Edmond Audran.

Paul Ferrier
Paul Ferrier (29 March 1843 – September 1920) was a French dramatist, who also provided libretti for several composers, especially Varney and Serpette.

Ferrier was born in Montpellier.  He had already produced several comedies when in 1873 he secured real success with two short pieces, Chez l'avocat and Les Incendies de Massoulard. Others of his numerous plays are Les Compensations (1876); L'Art de tramper les femmes (1890), with Émile de Najac.

One of Ferrier's biggest successes was the production with Fabrice Carré of Josephine vendue par ses sœurs (1886), an opera bouffée with music by Victor Roger. His opera libretti include La Marocaine (1879), music of Jacques Offenbach; Le Chevalier d'Harmental (1896) after the play of Alexandre Dumas, père, for the music of André Messager; La Fille de Tabarin (1901), with Victorien Sardou, music of Gabriel Pierné.

Ferrier died in Nouan-le-Fuzelier (Loir-et-Cher), at age 77.
Stephen Fearing
Stephen John Ging Fearing (born January 14, 1963) is a Canadian roots/folk singer-songwriter. In addition to his solo career, Fearing co-founded Canadian roots-rock supergroup Blackie and the Rodeo Kings with Colin Linden and Tom Wilson. He is one half of the duo Fearing & White, with Irish artist Andy White.

Tom Wilson (musician)
Thomas Lazare Wilson CM (born 1959) is a Canadian rock musician from Hamilton, Ontario. A veteran of the Canadian music scene, Wilson has been a writer and performer for many years. Wilson's eclectic musical style has ranged from the psychobilly/R&B sounds of the Florida Razors, to the western/roots style of Blackie and the Rodeo Kings and the funk/blues-inspired rock of Junkhouse.