hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
University of the West of Scotland
The University of the West of Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh na h-Alba an Iar), formerly the University of Paisley, is a public university with four campuses in south-western Scotland, in the towns of Paisley, Blantyre, Dumfries and Ayr, as well as a campus in London, England. The present institution dates from August 2007, following the merger of the University of Paisley with Bell College, Hamilton. It can trace its roots to the late 19th century, and has undergone numerous name changes and mergers over the last century, reflecting its gradual expansion throughout the west of Scotland region.

The university currently has 16,105 students, with approximately 1300 staff, spread across four schools of learning. The Crichton Campus in Dumfries is maintained in partnership with a number of other institutions, including the University of Glasgow.

Hamilton, South Lanarkshire
Hamilton (Scots: Hamiltoun; Scottish Gaelic: Baile Hamaltan [ˈpalə ˈhaməl̪ˠt̪ʰan]) is a large town in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It serves as the main administrative centre of the South Lanarkshire council area. It sits 10 miles (16 km) south-east of Glasgow, 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Edinburgh and 74 miles (120 km) north of Carlisle. It is situated on the south bank of the River Clyde at its confluence with the Avon Water. Hamilton is the county town of the historic county of Lanarkshire and is the location of the headquarters of the modern local authority of South Lanarkshire.

The town itself has a population of around 55,000, which makes it the 9th largest locality in Scotland, and anchors a defined settlement of 84,000 (including neighbouring Blantyre, Bothwell and Uddingston) which is the country's 8th largest.
Industry Hills Golf Club
Industry Hills Golf Club at Pacific Palms (commonly referred to as Industry Hills), is a golf club located in the City of Industry, California. It is made up of two 18-hole courses known as The Ike and The Babe. It is the location of PGA, LPGA, and Champions Tour qualifiers and hosted the 2011 Kia Classic.

JTBC Classic
The JTBC Classic (officially the JTBC Classic Presented by Barbasol) was a women's professional golf tournament on the LPGA Tour, held in Carlsbad, California. The tournament was held at the Aviara Golf Club.
Sapinuwa
Sapinuwa (sometimes Shapinuwa; Hittite: Šapinuwa) was a Bronze Age Hittite city at the location of modern Ortaköy in the province Çorum in Turkey about 70 kilometers east of the Hittite capital of Hattusa. It was one of the major Hittite religious and administrative centres, a military base and an occasional residence of several Hittite kings. The palace at Sapinuwa is discussed in several texts from Hattusa.

Maşat Höyük
40°8′54″N 35°45′44″E﻿ / ﻿40.14833°N 35.76222°E﻿ / 40.14833; 35.76222

Maşat Höyük is a Bronze Age Hittite archaeological site 100 km nearly east of Boğazkale/Hattusa, about 20 km south of Zile, Tokat Province, north-central Turkey, not far from the Çekerek River. The site is under agricultural use and is plowed. It was first excavated in the 1970s.

During the Hittite period, it is believed to have been named Tappika (Tabigga, Tabikka).
Segovia
Segovia (/sɪˈɡoʊviə/ sig-OH-vee-ə, US also /seɪˈ-/ say-GOH-, Spanish: [seˈɣoβja] ⓘ) is a city in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the Province of Segovia. Segovia is located in the Inner Plateau of the Iberian Peninsula, near the northern slopes of the Sistema Central mountain range. Housing is nestled on a bend of the Eresma river.

The city is famous for its historic buildings including three main landmarks: its midtown Roman aqueduct, its cathedral (one of the last ones to be built in Europe following a Gothic style), and the Alcázar of Segovia (a fortress). The city center was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985.

Eresma River
The Eresma is a river in central Spain. It flows through Castile and León (specifically the provinces of Segovia and Valladolid). It has a total length of 134 km and drains a basin with an area of 2,940 km2.
Ciao! Manhattan
Ciao! Manhattan is a 1972 American avant-garde film starring Edie Sedgwick. Written and directed by John Palmer and David Weisman, Warhol superstar Susan Bottomly (International Velvet) was initially intended to star in the film. When Sedgwick was cast as her replacement the film came to center on a character resembling Sedgwick, dealing with the pain of addiction and the lure of fame.

David Weisman
David Weisman (born March 11, 1942 – died October 9, 2019) was an American film producer, author, and graphic artist, most noted for his films Ciao! Manhattan and Kiss of the Spider Woman.  He was the brother of film director Sam Weisman.
Norfolk County Courthouse
The Norfolk County Courthouse, also known as the William D. Delahunt Courthouse, is a National Historic Landmark at 650 High Street in Dedham, Massachusetts.  It currently houses the Norfolk County Superior Court.  It is significant as a well-preserved Greek Revival courthouse of the 1820s, and as the site a century later of the famous Sacco-Vanzetti trial.  The building was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1972, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It replaced an earlier courthouse, built in 1795.

Norfolk County, Massachusetts
Norfolk County (/ˈnɔːrfək/ NOR-fək) is located in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. At the 2020 census, the population was around 725,981. Its county seat is Dedham. The county was named after the English county of the same name. Two towns, Cohasset and Brookline, are exclaves. Norfolk County is included in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Metropolitan Statistical Area. Norfolk County is the 24th highest-income county in the United States with a median household income of $107,361. It is the wealthiest county in Massachusetts.
Noel Mulligan
Noel Mulligan (12 April 1926 – 11 March 2000), also known by the nickname of "The Count", was an Australian professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s. An Australian international and New South Wales interstate representative forward, he played club football in Sydney's NSWRFL premiership for Newtown and St. George, as well as elsewhere in New South Wales.

Newtown Jets
The Newtown Jets are a rugby league football club based in Marrickville, a suburb of Sydney's inner west. They currently compete in the NSW Cup competition, having left the top grade after the 1983 NSWRFL season. The Jets' home ground is Henson Park, and their team colours are blue (traditionally royal blue) and white.

Established in 1908, Newtown were one of the founding members of the New South Wales Rugby Football League. They competed continuously in the NSWRFL premiership until their departure in 1983, the first reduction in the League since 1937. Over this period they won the competition three times.
Japan Basketball Association
The Japan Basketball Association (日本バスケットボール協会, Nihon basukettobōru kyōkai, abbreviated as JBA) is the governing body of basketball in Japan. Formed in 1930, it is based in Tokyo. The JBA is a member of FIBA and FIBA Asia.

The federation is responsible for the Japan national basketball team and the Japan women's national basketball team and their Under-age teams.
It also manages the B.League commenced in October 2016.

As of April 2021, its president has been Yuko Mitsuya.

B.League
The B.League is a men's professional basketball league in Japan. The league is operated by the Japan Professional Basketball League and was formed as a result of a merger between the National Basketball League that was operated by the FIBA-affiliated Japan Basketball Association and the independently operated bj league. The merger had been mandated by FIBA as a condition to Japan having its membership resumed following suspension in November 2014. The league began play in September 2016.
Elton, Louisiana
Elton is a town in Jefferson Davis Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 992 at the 2020 census, down from 1,128 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Jennings Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Jefferson Davis Parish, Louisiana
Jefferson Davis Parish is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,250. The parish seat is Jennings. Jefferson Davis Parish is named after the president of the Confederacy during the American Civil War, Jefferson Davis. It is located in southwestern Louisiana and forms a part of the Acadiana region.
1 kroon
The 1 kroon (1 EEK) is the smallest valued banknote of the Estonian kroon, the former currency of Estonia. Kristjan Raud (1865–1943), an Estonian painter, teacher, and cultural historian, is featured with a portrait on the obverse. A view of Toompea Castle in Tallinn appears on the reverse.

The 1 kroon was only issued once and had been steadily going out of circulation since a coin of the same value was also issued. At the time of replacement by the euro, it was very rarely found in use on an everyday basis.  It can be exchanged indefinitely at the currency museum of Eesti Pank for €0.06.

Estonian kroon
The kroon (sign: KR; code: EEK) was the official currency of Estonia for two periods in history: 1928–1940 and 1992–2011. Between 1 January and 14 January 2011, the kroon circulated together with the euro, after which the euro became the sole legal tender in Estonia. The kroon was subdivided into 100 cents (senti; singular sent).

The word kroon (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈkroːn], "crown") is related to that of the Nordic currencies (such as the Swedish krona and the Danish and Norwegian krone) and derived from the Latin word corona ("crown"). The kroon succeeded the mark in 1928 and was in use until the Soviet invasion in 1940 and Estonia's subsequent incorporation into the Soviet Union when it was replaced by the Soviet ruble. After Estonia regained its independence, the kroon was reintroduced in 1992 and replaced by the euro in 2011.
Charleston Community Unit School District 1
Charleston Community Unit School District 1 is a unified school district based in Charleston, the county seat of Coles County, Illinois.

Most of the district is in Coles County. It includes Charleston, Ashmore, Lerna, and Janesville. A portion of the district is in Cumberland County.

Ashmore, Illinois
Ashmore is a village in the Ashmore Township in Coles County, Illinois, United States. The population was 637 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Charleston–Mattoon Micropolitan Statistical Area. Ashmore, Illinois is the only incorporated community in the United States called "Ashmore."
Public housing estates in Chai Wan and Siu Sai Wan
The following is a list of public housing estates in Chai Wan and Siu Sai Wan, Hong Kong, including Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), Sandwich Class Housing Scheme (SCHS), Flat-for-Sale Scheme (FFSS), and Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) estates.

Chai Wan
22°16′N 114°14′E﻿ / ﻿22.27°N 114.24°E﻿ / 22.27; 114.24

Chai Wan (/ˌtʃaɪ ˈwɑːn/; Chinese: 柴灣), formerly known as Sai Wan (西灣), lies at the east end of the urban area of Hong Kong Island next to Shau Kei Wan. The area is administratively part of the Eastern District, and is a mosaic of industrial and residential areas. The population was 186,505 in 2001.
Malik Benlevi
Malik Ammon Benlevi (born March 20, 1997) is an American professional basketball player for the Earthfriends Tokyo Z of the B.League. He played college basketball player for the Georgia State Panthers.

Georgia State Panthers men's basketball
The Georgia State Panthers men's basketball team represents Georgia State University and competes in the Sun Belt Conference of NCAA Division I. The Panthers play at the Georgia State Convocation Center in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The team is currently coached by Jonas Hayes. Georgia State has appeared six times in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, most recently in 2022.
Krasnodar
Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 million residents in the Urban Okrug. In the past decade Krasnodar has experienced rapid population growth, rising to become the tenth-largest city in Russia, and the largest city in southern Russia, as well as the Southern Federal District.

The city originated in 1793 as a fortress built by the Cossacks, and became a trading center for southern Russia. The city sustained heavy damage in World War II but was rebuilt and renovated after the war. Krasnodar is a major economic hub in southern Russia; In 2012, Forbes named Krasnodar the best city for business in Russia. Krasnodar is home to numerous sights, including the Krasnodar Stadium. Its main airport is Krasnodar International Airport.

Black Sea Cossack Host
The Black Sea Cossack Host (Russian: Черномо́рское каза́чье во́йско; Ukrainian: Чорномо́рське коза́цьке ві́йсько), also known as Chernomoriya (Russian: Черномо́рия, lit. 'Black Sea region'), was a Cossack host of the Russian Empire created in 1787 in southern Ukraine from former Zaporozhian Cossacks.  In the 1790s, the host was re-settled to the Kuban River. It comprised the Caucasus Fortified Defence Line from the mouth of the Kuban River to the mouth of the Bolshaya Laba River.
Imaginator
Imaginator is the third album from American rock group Nelson. It was released in Japan through Victor Entertainment in 1996, and later in the US through Fuel 2000 in 1998.

The album is notable for being the second album recorded by the band, after the success of their debut album, After the Rain. The album was planned to be released around 1993. However, the album was rejected by John Kalodner and the executives at Geffen Records for being too heavy and dark. They gave the band the choice to either record another album, or they would be released from their contract. The band decided to return to the studio and recorded a third album, Because They Can, which ended up being released by Geffen in 1995. The band broke up with Geffen shortly after the release of that album and released Imaginator through a deal with Victor.

After the Rain (Nelson album)
After the Rain is the debut album of the American rock group Nelson, released by DGC Records in 1990. The album was a commercial success, peaking at number 17 on the Billboard 200 and spending 64 weeks on the charts. It contained the #1 hit, "(Can't Live Without Your) Love and Affection" which was also a gold single. The follow-up single, "After the Rain", also reached the Hot 100's top 10, peaking at #6 in February 1991. The album was eventually certified double platinum by RIAA.
Carma Hinton
Carma Hinton  (Chinese: 韩倞; pinyin: Hán Jìng, born 1949) is a documentary filmmaker and Clarence J. Robinson Professor of Visual Culture and Chinese Studies at George Mason University.  She worked with Richard Gordon in directing thirteen documentary films about China, including Morning Sun and The Gate of Heavenly Peace.  She has also taught at Swarthmore College, Wellesley College, MIT, and Northeastern University and has lectured on Chinese culture, history, and film around the world.

William H. Hinton
William Howard Hinton (Chinese: 韩丁; pinyin: Hán Dīng; February 2, 1919 – May 15, 2004) was an American intellectual, known for his work on communism in China.  He authored the book Fanshen, published in 1966, a "documentary of revolution" which chronicled the land reform program of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the 1940s in Zhangzhuangcun (张庄村, pinyin: Zhāngzhuāngcūn), sometimes translated as Long Bow Village, a village in Shanxi Province in northern China. Sequels (Shenfan) followed the experience of the village during the 1950s and Cultural Revolution. Hinton wrote and lectured extensively to explain the Maoist approach and later to criticize Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening up.
Gurung people
Gurung (exonym; Nepali: गुरुङ) or Tamu (endonym; Gurung: རྟམུ) are a Tibetan ethnic group living in the hills and mountains of Gandaki Province of Nepal. Gurungs speak the Gurung language, which is also known as Tamu Kyi and is a Sino-Tibetan language derived from the Tibeto-Burman language family. The written form of Gurung is heavily dependent on the Tibetan script and history and details related to their culture and tradition is passed on from one generation to the other usually by word-of-mouth.

The Gurungs have historically lived a semi-nomadic lifestyle, herding sheep and yaks in the Himalayan foothills, but many have diversified into other professions while retaining strong ties to their cultural heritage.

Gurung language
Gurung (Devanagari: गुरुङ), also known as Tamu Kyi (तमु क्यी, tamu kyī; Tibetan: རྟམུ་སྐད་) or Tamu Bhāṣā (तमु भाषा, tamu bhāṣā), is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the Gurung people of Nepal. The total number of all Gurung speakers in Nepal was 227,918 in 1991 and 325,622 in 2011.

The official language of Nepal, Nepali, is an Indo-European language, whereas Gurung is a Sino-Tibetan language. Gurung is one of the major languages of Nepal, and is also spoken in India, Bhutan, and by diaspora communities in places such as Singapore and Hong Kong.
The Dale Jr. Download
The Dale Jr. Download is a free audio and video podcast hosted by American motorsports analyst and semi-retired stock car racing driver Dale Earnhardt Jr. It was formerly co-hosted by Mike Davis, JR Motorsports' Director of Communications, who has been a business partner of Earnhardt's since 2003.

JR Motorsports
JR Motorsports (pronounced "Junior Motorsports") is an American professional stock car racing team based in Mooresville, North Carolina, co-owned by Dale Earnhardt Jr., Kelley Earnhardt Miller, L. W. Miller, and Rick Hendrick. It currently competes in the NASCAR Cup Series, NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, eNASCAR Coca-Cola iRacing Series, CARS Late Model Stock Tour, and occasionally in the NASCAR Local Racing Series Powered by O'Reilly Auto Parts.

The team fields the No. 40 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 part-time at the NASCAR Cup Series for Justin Allgaier. The also team fields four full-time entries in the O'Reilly Auto Parts Series: the No. 1 Chevrolet Camaro SS full-time for Carson Kvapil and Connor Zilisch, the No. 7 full-time for Allgaier, the No. 8 full-time for Sammy Smith, the No. 88 full-time for multiple drivers, as well as the No. 9 part-time for multiple drivers. The team fields the No. 88 Chevrolet full-time in the CARS Late Model Stock Tour for Caden Kvapil.
Garden of Shadows
Garden of Shadows, a novel by V. C. Andrews, was first published in 1987. V. C. Andrews died in 1986, and her estate commissioned ghostwriter Andrew Neiderman to continue writing novels under her name developed from plot outlines written by Andrews. There is some dispute over whether this particular novel was written in part by Andrews before she died, or whether it was written entirely by Neiderman. This is the fifth novel of the Dollanganger series. The novel explains the origin of Olivia Winfield (the grandmother in Flowers in the Attic), the events that cause her to become the cold, domineering mistress of Foxworth Hall, and Corinne's childhood and eventual betrayal. It is the fifth novel of the Flowers in the Attic series but considered the prequel, as the story told takes place prior to the events of the first book. The story covers the years between 1918 and 1957.

V. C. Andrews
Cleo Virginia Andrews (June 6, 1923 – December 19, 1986), better known as Virginia C. Andrews or V. C. Andrews, was an American novelist. She was best known for her 1979 novel Flowers in the Attic, which inspired two movie adaptations and four sequels. While her novels are not classified by her publisher as Young Adult, their young protagonists have made them popular among teenagers for decades. After her death in 1986, a ghostwriter who was initially hired to complete two unfinished works has continued to publish books under her name.
Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia
Wenceslaus IV (also spelled Wenceslas Czech: Václav; German: Wenzel; nicknamed the Idle; also known as Wenceslaus of Luxembourg; 26 February 1361 – 16 August 1419) was King of Bohemia from 1378 until his death and King of Germany from 1376 until he was deposed in 1400. As he belonged to the House of Luxembourg, he was also Duke of Luxembourg from 1383 to 1388.

Jobst of Moravia
Jobst of Moravia (Czech: Jošt Moravský or Jošt Lucemburský; German: Jo(b)st or Jodokus von Mähren; c. 1354 – 18 January 1411), a member of the House of Luxembourg, was Margrave of Moravia from 1375, Duke of Luxembourg and Elector of Brandenburg from 1388 as well as elected King of Germany (King of the Romans) from 1410 until his death. Jobst was an ambitious and versatile ruler, who in the early 15th century dominated the ongoing struggles within the Luxembourg dynasty and around the German throne.
Wied il-Mielaħ Window
The Wied il-Mielaħ Window (Maltese: it-Tieqa ta' Wied il-Mielaħ) is a limestone natural arch on the north-western coast of the island of Gozo in Malta. It is located at the end of the valley Wied il-Mielaħ north of the village of Għarb. This natural arch is less well-known than the Azure Window, which collapsed in March 2017 following a heavy storm.

Azure Window
The Azure Window (Maltese: it-Tieqa Żerqa), also known as the Dwejra Window (Maltese: it-Tieqa tad-Dwejra), was a 28-metre-tall (92 ft) natural arch on the island of Gozo, located just off the shores of Malta. The limestone feature, which was in Dwejra Bay close to the Inland Sea and Fungus Rock, was one of the island's major tourist attractions until it collapsed in stormy weather on 8 March 2017. The arch, together with other natural features in the area, has appeared in a number of international films and media productions.

The rock formation, which consisted of a pillar rising from the sea joined to the cliff by a horizontal slab, was created by the collapse of a sea cave, probably during the 19th century. The final collapse in 2017 followed a century of natural erosion, during which large sections of the limestone arch had broken off and fallen into the sea.
Egorov's theorem
In measure theory, an area of mathematics, Egorov's theorem establishes a condition for the uniform convergence of a pointwise convergent sequence of measurable functions. It is also named Severini–Egoroff theorem or Severini–Egorov theorem, after Carlo Severini, an Italian mathematician, and Dmitri Egorov, a Russian mathematician and geometer, who published independent proofs respectively in 1910 and 1911.

Egorov's theorem can be used along with compactly supported continuous functions to prove Lusin's theorem for integrable functions.

Pointwise convergence
In mathematics, pointwise convergence is one of various senses in which a sequence of functions can converge to a particular function. It is weaker than uniform convergence, to which it is often compared.
Masakazu Katsura
Masakazu Katsura (Japanese: 桂 正和, Hepburn: Katsura Masakazu; born December 10, 1962) is a Japanese manga artist, known for hero and romance series. His works include Wing-Man (1983–1985), Video Girl Ai (1989–1992), I"s (1997–1999), and Zetman (2002–2014). He has also worked as a character designer for Iria: Zeiram the Animation, Tiger & Bunny and Garo: Crimson Moon, as well as the video game Astral Chain.

Zetman
Zetman (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Masakazu Katsura. First published as a 49-page one-shot in Shueisha's shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump's 1994 Autumn Special, the full-fledged series was published in Shueisha's seinen manga magazine Weekly Young Jump from October 2002 to July 2014, with its chapters collected in 20 tankōbon volumes. A 13-episode anime television series adaptation by TMS Entertainment was broadcast in Japan from April to June 2012. In North America, the anime series was licensed for English language release by Viz Media.