hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eden Landing, California
Eden Landing (also, Mount Eden Landing, Edendale, Barrons Landing, Barron's Landing, and Peterman's Landing) is a former settlement in Alameda County, California. Eden Landing was located west-southwest of Mount Eden. Its site is now located within the corporate limits of Hayward.  Eden Landing was established in 1854 by farmers who were dissatisfied with the freight charges at Allen's Landing, which was a quarter of a mile (400 m) west. The place was bought by Richard Barron in 1855, and renamed Barrons Landing. Henry Louis Petermann and Mary F. Petermann operated their salt works here. Stokes Landing was located east of Eden Landing on Alameda Creek.

A post office operated at Edendale from 1873 to 1875. Coordinates were obtained from USGS GNIS for Barron's Landing.

Mount Eden, California
Mt. Eden was an unincorporated agricultural district in Eden Township, Alameda County, California, United States. It was annexed by the City of Hayward. It lies at an elevation of 43 feet (13 m).

Mt. Eden was founded in 1850 by a group of farmers from Mount Eden, Kentucky, drawn to California by the Gold Rush. The party disbanded upon reaching the San Francisco Bay, but a few settled at a road crossing where they nailed a sign "Mt. Eden" to two trees, and the name stuck. A post office opened in 1860 and was in continuous operation until 1953.
Simple present
The simple present, present simple,  or present indefinite is one of the verb forms associated with the present tense in modern English. It is commonly referred to as a tense, although it also encodes certain information about aspect in addition to the present time. The simple present is the most commonly used verb form in English, accounting for more than half of verbs in spoken English.

It is called "simple" because its basic form consists of a single word (like write or writes), in contrast with other present tense forms such as the present progressive (is writing) and present perfect (has written). For nearly all English verbs, the simple present is identical to the base form (dictionary form) of the verb, except when the subject is third-person singular, in which case the ending -(e)s is added. There are a few verbs with irregular forms, the most notable being the copula be, which has the simple present forms of am, is, and are.

Present continuous
The present continuous, also called the present progressive or present imperfect, is a verb form used in modern English that combines the present tense with the continuous aspect. It is formed by the present tense form of be and the present participle of a verb. The present continuous is generally used to describe something that is taking place at the present moment and can be employed in both the indicative and subjunctive moods. It accounts for approximately 5% of verbs in spoken English.
RMS Majestic (1889)
RMS Majestic was an ocean liner which entered service in 1890 and was operated by the White Star Line. She was the sister ship of RMS Teutonic. Majestic and her sister were the flagships of White Star Line's fleet for around a decade, until Oceanic entered service in 1899. Her career spanning 24 years ended when she was scrapped in 1914.

RMS Oceanic
60°07.05′N 001°58.30′W﻿ / ﻿60.11750°N 1.97167°W﻿ / 60.11750; -1.97167

RMS Oceanic was a transatlantic ocean liner built for the White Star Line. She sailed on her maiden voyage on 6 September 1899 and was the largest ship in the world until 1901. At the outbreak of World War I she was converted into an armed merchant cruiser. On 8 August 1914 she was commissioned into Royal Navy service.

On 25 August 1914, the newly designated HMS Oceanic departed Southampton to patrol the waters from the North Scottish mainland to Faroe. On 8 September she ran aground and was wrecked off the island of Foula, in the Shetland Islands.
Hindeloopen
Hindeloopen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦɪndəˌloːpə(n)]; West Frisian: Hylpen [ˈhilpm̩]; Hindeloopen Frisian: Hielpen [ˈhiəlpm̩]) is an old city on the North of the Netherlands on the IJsselmeer. It lies within the municipality of Súdwest Fryslân. It is famous because of the Hindeloopen art and hindeloopen costume.

Hindeloopen is one of the eleven cities of Friesland. It had a population of around 875 in January 2017.

Hindeloopen Frisian
Hindeloopen Frisian (natively Hielepes [ˈhiləpəs], Hielpes [ˈhilpəs] or Hylpers [ˈhilpr̩s], West Frisian: Hylpersk [ˈhilpr̩s], also referred to as Hindeloopers (Dutch: [ˈɦɪndəˌloːpərs]) in English and Dutch) is an endangered West Frisian language spoken in the port town of Hindeloopen and the village of Molkwerum on the west coast of Friesland. It has preserved much of the Old Frisian phonology and lexicon, and has been attested since the 17th century. Hindeloopen Frisian is spoken by some 500 people in Hindeloopen, almost all of them elderly, with the number of speakers decreasing.
Muharraq Island
Muharraq Island (Arabic: جزيرة المحرق), formerly known as Moharek, is the second largest island in the archipelago of Bahrain after Bahrain Island. It lies 4 km (2.5 mi) east of the capital, Manama, on Bahrain Island.

Bahrain Island
Bahrain Island (Arabic: جزيرة البحرين Jazīrah al-Baḥrayn), also known as Awal Island and formerly as Bahrein, is the largest island within the archipelago of Bahrain, and forms the bulk of the country's land mass while hosting the majority of its population.
Joseph P. Kerwin
Joseph Peter Kerwin (born February 19, 1932) is an American physician and former NASA astronaut. He served as the science pilot for the Skylab 2 mission from May 25, 1973, to June 22, 1973. He was the first physician to be selected for astronaut training and the first doctor from the United States to enter space.

Kerwin was the one who uttered the words during Apollo 13: "Farewell, Aquarius, and we thank you." He was inducted into the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame in 1997.

NASA Astronaut Corps
The NASA Astronaut Corps is a unit of the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) that selects, trains, and provides astronauts as crew members for U.S. and international space missions. It is based at Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas.
Reproductive surgery
Reproductive surgery is surgery in the field of reproductive medicine. It can be used for contraception, e.g. in vasectomy, wherein the vasa deferentia of a male are severed, but is also used plentifully in assisted reproductive technology. Reproductive surgery is generally divided into three categories: surgery for infertility, in vitro fertilization, and fertility preservation.

A reproductive surgeon is an obstetrician-gynecologist or urologist who specializes in reproductive surgery.

Reproductive surgeries will be referred to based on biological sex, and terms such male and female will be used to denote to men and women respectively.

Assisted reproductive technology
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) includes medical procedures used primarily to address infertility. This subject involves procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and cryopreservation of gametes and embryos, and the use of fertility medication. When used to address infertility, ART may also be referred to as fertility treatment. ART primarily belongs to the field of reproductive endocrinology and infertility Some forms of ART may be used about fertile couples for genetic purposes (see preimplantation genetic diagnosis). ART may also be used in surrogacy arrangements, although not all surrogacy arrangements involve ART.
The existence of sterility will not always require ART to be the first option to consider, as there are occasions when its cause is a mild disorder that can be solved with more conventional treatments or with behaviors based on promoting health and reproductive habits.
Memory of You
"Memory of You" is a song by British all-female pop group Girls Aloud recorded during sessions for their fifth studio album Out of Control (2008). The song was written by Girls Aloud, Miranda Cooper, Brian Higgins and his production team Xenomania, and produced by Higgins and Xenomania. Described as "more dance oriented than pop," the track is influenced by trance and progressive house music, originating as a track entitled "Japan" by trance project Cadence.

The song was originally released as a B-side to the 7" vinyl format of their 2009 single "The Loving Kind". Due to its overwhelming popularity with fans, it was later released in high quality on Girls Aloud's Singles Box Set (2009). The song received positive reviews from contemporary music critics, some of whom suggested that the track was better than its A-side. Nicola Roberts also included a solo version of "Memory of You" as a B-side to her single "Yo-Yo" (2012).

The Loving Kind
"The Loving Kind" is a song by English-Irish girl group Girls Aloud, taken from their fifth studio album Out of Control (2008). The song was written by Pet Shop Boys, Miranda Cooper, Brian Higgins and his production team Xenomania, and produced by Higgins and Xenomania. Described as a "synth-pop ballad", "The Loving Kind" was originally written for inclusion on Pet Shop Boys' Yes (2009) before being given to Girls Aloud. Upon its release in January 2009, "The Loving Kind" peaked at number ten on the UK Singles Chart, thereby continuing their six-year streak of top-ten hits.

In the music video, the group portrays the "good" and "bad" Girls Aloud as they perform in mirrored boxes. "The Loving Kind" was promoted through numerous live appearances and was performed on 2009's Out of Control Tour. The song was largely praised by most contemporary music critics, although maligned by others for its similarities with "Call the Shots".
Haworth
Haworth (UK: /ˈhaʊ.ərθ/ HOW-ərth, also /ˈhɔːərθ/ HAW-ərth, US: /ˈhɔːwərθ/ HAW-wərth) is a village in the civil parish of 'Haworth with Stanbury', in the Bradford district, in West Yorkshire, England, in the Pennines 3 miles (5 km) south-west of Keighley, 8 miles (13 km) north of Halifax, 10 miles (16 km) west of Bradford and 10 miles (16 km) east of Colne in Lancashire. The surrounding areas include Oakworth and Oxenhope. Nearby villages include Cross Roads, Stanbury and Lumbfoot.

Haworth is a tourist destination known for its association with the Brontë sisters and the preserved heritage Keighley and Worth Valley Railway.

Keighley
Keighley (/ˈkiːθli/ ⓘ KEETH-lee) is a market town and a civil parish
in the City of Bradford Borough of West Yorkshire, England. It is the second-largest settlement in the borough, after Bradford.

Keighley is 8 miles (13 kilometres) north-west of Bradford, 4 mi (6.5 km) north-west of Bingley, 11 mi (18 km) north of Halifax and 8 mi (13 km) south-east of Skipton. It is governed by Keighley Town Council and Bradford City Council. Keighley is in West Yorkshire, close to the borders of North Yorkshire and Lancashire. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, it lies between Airedale and Keighley Moors. At the 2011 census, Keighley had a population of 56,348.
Idol Philippines
Idol Philippines (known as Search for the Idol Philippines in the first season or better known as Philippine Idol) is a Philippine television interactive reality competition show broadcast by ABS-CBN and Kapamilya Channel. Created and developed by FremantleMedia and 19 Entertainment, the program is a franchise of Pop Idol created by British entertainment executive Simon Fuller, the show is the third and final incarnation of Philippine Idol. Originally hosted by Billy Crawford and originally judges by Regine Velasquez, Vice Ganda, James Reid and Moira Dela Torre, it aired on the network's Yes Weekend line up from April 21, 2019 to September 18, 2022, replacing World of Dance Philippines and was replaced by Everybody, Sing!. Robi Domingo serves as the latest host and Velasquez, Dela Torre, Gary Valenciano and Chito Miranda serve as the latest judges.

Philippine Idol
Philippine Idol is a Philippine television interactive reality competition show broadcast by ABC (now TV5). Created and developed by FremantleMedia and 19 Entertainment, the program is a franchise of Pop Idol created by British entertainment executive Simon Fuller.  Hosted Ryan Agoncillo, Ryan Cayabyab (musical composer), Pilita Corrales (singer, known as Asia's Queen of Songs) and Francis Magalona (rapper and producer) were also judges of the show, it aired from July 30 to December 10, 2006. Meanwhile, actress Heart Evangelista hosted the daily updates program I ♥ Philippine Idol: Exclusive. Composer Mel Villena was the show's musical director.

Mau Marcelo, an aspiring singer from Lucena City, defeated two other contenders on the show's finale to become the first Philippine Idol. FremantleMedia subsequently awarded the franchise to GMA Network and their version of the program was named Pinoy Idol, which does not recognize the results of ABC's franchise.
Alaqush
Alaqush Tegin Quri or Alaqush Digit Quri (Persian: اولاقوش تیکین قوری, romanized: Alāqūsh Tīkīn Qūrī, Chinese: 阿剌兀思剔吉忽里; pinyin: Āláwùsī Tījí Hūlǐ, died 1211) was a tribal leader of Onguds and a contemporary of Genghis Khan.

Ongud
The Ongud (also spelled Ongut or Öngüt; Mongolian: Онгуд, Онход; Chinese: 汪古, Wanggu; from Old Turkic öng "desolate, uninhabited; desert" plus güt "class marker") were a Turkic tribe that later became part of various Turkic and Mongolic peoples. They were active in what is now Inner Mongolia in northern China around the time of Genghis Khan (1162–1227). Many Ongud were members of the Church of the East. They lived in an area lining the Great Wall in the northern part of the Ordos Plateau and territories to the northeast of it. They appear to have had two capitals, a northern one at the ruin known as Olon Süme and another a bit to the south at a place called Koshang or Dongsheng. They acted as wardens of the marches for the Jin dynasty (1115–1234) to the north of Shanxi.
Iowa Highway 44
Iowa Highway 44 (Iowa 44) is an east–west highway in the central and west-central portions of the state.  It runs parallel to Interstate 80, which runs 10 miles (16 km) to the south for most of Iowa 44's route.  Iowa 44 begins at its junction with U.S. Highway 30 four miles (6 km) northeast of Logan.  It ends at an interchange with the Iowa Highway 141 freeway at Grimes.  Iowa 44 was created in 1969 when Iowa Highway 64 was shortened to its current route in eastern Iowa.  Most of the route is a part of the Western Skies Scenic Byway.

Iowa Highway 141
Iowa Highway 141 (Iowa 141) is an east–west highway in the western and central portions of the state. It is the most direct link between Sioux City and Des Moines. It also serves as an expressway link between Des Moines and the outlying communities of Perry, Granger, and Grimes. Iowa 141 begins near Sloan at an interchange with Interstate 29 (I-29) at ends at another interchange with I-35 /I-80 on the edge of the Des Moines suburbs of Urbandale and Grimes.
Akiyama Saneyuki
Akiyama Saneyuki (秋山 真之; April 12, 1868 – February 4, 1918) was a Japanese navy officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Meiji era. He was a planner of Battle of Tsushima in the Russo-Japanese War. General Akiyama Yoshifuru was his elder brother and politician Hisako Ōishi was his granddaughter.

Akiyama Yoshifuru
Akiyama Yoshifuru (秋山 好古; February 9, 1859 – November 4, 1930) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, and was considered the father of modern Japanese cavalry. He was the older brother of Vice Admiral Akiyama Saneyuki.
Caulonia
Caulonia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Reggio Calabria in the Stilaro Valley. Originally it was known as Castelvetere, but in 1862 the citizens decided to change the name of the town to that of the ancient city Caulonia. They believed that this city had been located on their territory, but it was eventually proved that ancient Caulonia was to be found near modern Monasterace, 16 kilometres (10 mi) to the northeast.

Caulonia (ancient city)
Caulonia or Caulon (Ancient Greek: Καυλωνία, romanized: Kaulōnía; also spelled Kaulonia or Kaulon) was an ancient city on the shore of the Ionian Sea near Monasterace, Italy.

At some point after the destruction of the city by Rome in 200 BC, the inhabitants moved to a location further inland where they founded Stilida which developed into the modern town Stilo.

Since 1863 AD the name Caulonia has also been used by the town 15km away formerly known as Castelvetere. The city changed its name to Caulonia in honour of the ancient city, which was mistakenly believed to have been located in its territory.

Some of the artefacts which have been excavated at the site can now be seen in the Monasterace Archaeological Museum.
Temporal bone
The temporal bone is a paired bone situated at the sides and base of the skull, lateral to the temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex.

The temporal bones are overlaid by the sides of the head known as the temples where four of the cranial bones fuse. Each temple is covered by a temporal muscle. The temporal bones house the structures of the ears. The lower seven cranial nerves and the major vessels to and from the brain traverse the temporal bone.

Temple (anatomy)
The temple, also known as the pterion, is a latch where four skull bones intersect: the frontal, parietal, temporal, and sphenoid.  It is located on the side of the head behind the eye between the forehead and the ear. The temporal muscle covers this area and is used during mastication.

Cladistics classifies land vertebrates based on the presence of an upper hole, a lower hole, both, or neither in the cover of dermal bone that formerly covered the temporalis muscle, whose origin is the temple and whose insertion is the jaw.
Jean-Drapeau Park
Jean Drapeau Park (formerly called Parc des Îles) is the third-largest park in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It comprises two islands, Saint Helen's Island and the artificial island Notre Dame Island, situated off the shore of Old Montreal in the Saint Lawrence River.

The islands were the site of the Expo 67 World's Fair. Notre Dame Island was constructed for the exposition, and Saint Helen's Island artificially extended at its north and south ends. The park was renamed in honour of Jean Drapeau, the late mayor of Montreal and initiator of Expo 67.

Notre Dame Island
Notre Dame Island (French: Île Notre-Dame) is an artificial island in the Saint Lawrence River in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is immediately to the east of Saint Helen's Island and west of the Saint Lawrence Seaway and the city of Saint-Lambert on the south shore. Together with Saint Helen's Island, it makes up Parc Jean-Drapeau, which forms part of the Hochelaga Archipelago. To the southeast, the island is connected to the embankment separating the seaway and Lachine Rapids.

Parc Jean-Drapeau is registered as a leg of the Route Verte and Trans Canada Trail. The island contains the Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, which hosts the Formula One Canadian Grand Prix.
Gonatidae
The Gonatidae, also known as armhook squid, are a family of moderately sized squid. The family contains about 19 species in three genera, widely distributed and plentiful in cold boreal waters of the Pacific Ocean. At least one species is known from Antarctic waters, and two from the North Atlantic. The genus Eogonatus was created for the species known as Eogonatus tinro because it did not have hooks on the tentacular club and it has 5 rows of teeth on the radula. Molecular studies in allozymes and mitochondrial DNA have indicated that this species nests within the genus Gonatus, although other authorities treat it as a synonym of Gonatopsis okutanii.

Gonatopsis okutanii
Gonatopsis okutanii is a species of squid from the family Gonatidae from the northern Pacific Ocean. It is of uncertain taxonomic status, the presence of remnant tentacles on spent females indicate that this species does not belong in the genus Gonatopsis and the differences between this species and Gonatus makodai have led to some authorities stating that G. okutanii is a junior synonym of Eogonatus tinro. However the World Register of Marine Species still recognises Gonatopsis okutanii as the valid name for this taxon.
Espelho da Vida
Espelho da Vida is a Brazilian telenovela produced and broadcast by TV Globo that premiered on 25 September 2018, replacing Orgulho e Paixão, and ended on 1 April 2019. It is created by Elizabeth Jhin, and directed by Pedro Vasconcelos.

The show features a large ensemble cast headed by; Vitória Strada, João Vicente de Castro, Alinne Moraes, Rafael Cardoso, Irene Ravache, Júlia Lemmertz, Ângelo Antônio, Vera Fischer and Kéfera Buchmann.

Set in both the present time and the 1930s, Espelho da Vida tells the story of Cris Valencia, a budding actress who accompanies her boyfriend to Rosa Branca to make a film based on Julia Castelo, a woman who was mysteriously murdered in the 30s. Cris will also discover she is actually a reincarnation of Julia Castelo. Cris will try to unravel the enigma that befell her in her past life.

Orgulho e Paixão
Orgulho e Paixão (in English: Pride and Passion) is a Brazilian telenovela produced and broadcast by TV Globo. It premiered on 20 March 2018, replacing Tempo de Amar, and concluded on 24 September 2018, being replaced by Espelho da Vida. Created by Marcos Bernstein, the plot is inspired by the novels: Sense and Sensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), Mansfield Park (1814), Emma (1815) Northanger Abbey (1818) and Lady Susan (1871), all by Jane Austen.
Charles Darwin (medical student)
Charles Darwin (3 September 1758 – 15 May 1778) was the son of Erasmus Darwin (12 December 1731 – 18 April 1802) and Mary Howard (1740–70), and was the uncle of the famous naturalist Charles Darwin (though dying before his nephew's birth). He showed considerable promise while studying medicine at the University of Edinburgh, but died while still a student.

Erasmus Darwin
Erasmus Robert Darwin FRS (12 December 1731 – 18 April 1802) was an English physician. One of the key thinkers of the Midlands Enlightenment, he was also a natural philosopher, physiologist, abolitionist, inventor, freemason, and poet.

His poems included much natural history, including a statement of evolution and the relatedness of all forms of life.

He was a member of the Darwin–Wedgwood family, which includes his grandsons Charles Darwin and Francis Galton. Darwin was a founding member of the Lunar Society of Birmingham, a discussion group of pioneering industrialists and natural philosophers.

He turned down an invitation from George III to become Physician to the King.
Historic Jamestown
Historic Jamestown is the cultural heritage site that was the location of the 1607 James Fort and the later 17th-century town of Jamestown in America. It is located on Jamestown Island, on the James River at Jamestown, Virginia, and operated as a partnership between Preservation Virginia (formerly known as the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities) and the U.S. National Park Service as part of Colonial National Historical Park.

The site was designated Jamestown National Historic Site on December 18, 1940, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. It was also designated a National Historic Chemical Landmark in 2007 by the American Chemical Society. It is adjacent and complementary with Jamestown Settlement, a living history museum built run by the Commonwealth of Virginia to interpret the early colony.

Colonial National Historical Park
Colonial National Historical Park is a large national historical park located in the Hampton Roads region of Virginia operated by the National Park Service. It protects and interprets several sites relating to the Colony of Virginia and the history of the United States more broadly. These range from the site of the first English settlement at Jamestown, to the battlefields of Yorktown where the British Army was defeated in the American Revolutionary War. Over 3 million people visit the park each year.