hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ministry of Defense (Egypt)
The Egyptian Ministry of Defense is the ministry responsible for the Egyptian Armed Forces organization and manages its affairs and maintains its facilities. It also handles the affairs of colleges and military recruitment, mobilization and management of veterans and military factories in Egypt through the Armed Forces Management and Administration Agency.

It was established in 1879 by Khedive Isma'il Pasha and was then called the Ministry of War, until it was renamed to the Ministry of Defense on 14 May 1971. Egypt's Ministry of Defense is based in Cairo and the headquarters is called The Octagon, located in the New Administrative Capital.

Armed Forces Management and Administration (Egypt)
The Armed Forces Management and Administration Agency is one of Egypt”s Egyptian Ministry of Defense agencies.

The agency is tasked with selecting volunteers based on medical, physical, cultural, professional, and psychological tests. It also sets standards for optimal utilization of manpower commensurate with the capabilities and potential of its troops.
2014–15 Azadegan League
The 2014–15 Azadegan League was the 24th season of the Azadegan League and 14th as the second highest division since its establishment in 1991. The season featured 16 teams from the 2013–14 Azadegan League, three new teams relegated from the 2013–14 Persian Gulf Cup (Fajr Sepasi, Damash and Mes Kerman) and four new teams promoted from the 2013–14 2nd Division (Shahrdari Ardabil and Etka Gorgan both as champions and Foolad Novin and Shahrdari Tabriz). Tarbiat Yazd replaced Yazd Louleh. The league started on 4 October 2014 and ended on 22 April 2015. Foolad Novin won the Azadegan League title for the first time in their history. Siah Jamegan and Esteghlal Ahvaz were promoted to the Persian Gulf Pro League.

S.C. Damash Gilan
Sport Club Damash Guilan (Persian: باشگاه ورزشی داماش گیلان, Bashgah-e Vârzeshi-ye Damash Guilân), commonly known as Damash Guilan sc, also spelled Damash Guilan, is an Iranian football club based in Rasht, Guilan, that competes in the Azadegan League. The club was founded in 1960 as Taj Rasht Football Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال تاج رشت).

The football team plays its home games at the Shahid Dr. Azodi Stadium which has a seating capacity of 11,000. The club is also using the Sardar Jangal Stadium which has a seating capacity of 15,000. The club is owned and supported by Peymam Baharvand.
Yela Loffredo
Yela Loffredo Rodríguez, later known as Yela de Klein (July 22, 1924 – May 16, 2020) was an Ecuadorian sculptor who directed Guayaquil's museum and led the culture department at  Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral.

Guayaquil Municipal Museum
Guayaquil Municipal Museum (Spanish: Museo Municipal de Guayaquil) is a museum in Guayaquil, Ecuador. It contains artifacts, objects and historical items relating to the history of Guayaquil. It is considered the most important of the city and one of the best in the country. It is located in the center of the city of Guayaquil, in the same building as the Municipal Library.
Admission is free, but passports are required.
IV Corps (United Kingdom)
IV Corps was a corps-sized formation of the British Army, formed in both the First World War and the Second World War. During the First World War the corps served on the Western Front throughout its existence. During the Second World War it served in Norway and Britain until it was transferred to India, which was threatened with attack after Japan entered the war.

Fourteenth Army (United Kingdom)
The British Fourteenth Army was a multi-national force comprising units from Commonwealth countries during the Second World War. It was composed of units of the British Army, many from the Indian Army, and significant contributions from the British Army's West and East African divisions. It was often referred to as the "Forgotten Army" because its operations in the Burma campaign were overlooked by the contemporary press, and remained more obscure than those of the corresponding formations in Europe for long after the war. For most of the Army's existence, it was commanded by Lieutenant-General William Slim.
Billy Graham Evangelistic Association
The Billy Graham Evangelistic Association (BGEA) is a non-profit Christian outreach organization that promotes multimedia evangelism, conducts evangelistic crusades, and engages in disaster response. The BGEA operates the Billy Graham Training Center in Asheville, North Carolina, and the Billy Graham Library in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Billy Graham Library
The Billy Graham Library is a public museum and library documenting the life and ministry of Christian evangelist Billy Graham. The 40,000-square-foot (3,700 m2) complex opened to the public on June 5, 2007. The library is located on the grounds of the international headquarters of the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association in Charlotte, North Carolina, a few miles from where Graham was reared. The library is styled after a dairy barn, with a mechanical "talking" cow, to reflect Graham's farm-based childhood.
Iberia Parish, Louisiana
Iberia Parish (French: Paroisse de l'Ibérie, Spanish: Parroquia de Iberia) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 69,929; the parish seat is New Iberia.

The parish was formed in 1868 during the Reconstruction era and named for Iberia. It is part of the 22-parish Acadiana region of the state, with a large Francophone population. Some of its ethnic French residents had ancestors who settled here after being expelled in the 18th century by the British from Acadia in present-day Canada. Historically, it has also been a center for sugar cane cultivation and produces the most sugar of any parish in the state.

Iberia Parish is part of the Lafayette metropolitan area. The Port of Iberia has a waterway with access to the Gulf Coast.

St. Martin Parish, Louisiana
St. Martin Parish (French: Paroisse de Saint-Martin) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana, founded in 1811. Its parish seat is St. Martinville, and the largest city is Breaux Bridge. At the 2020 census, the population was 51,767. St. Martin Parish is part of the Lafayette metropolitan area in the region of Acadiana, along the Gulf Coast.
James Cosmo
James Ronald Gordon Copeland (born 1947), known professionally as James Cosmo, is a Scottish actor. Known for his character work, he has played supporting roles in films such as Highlander (1986), Braveheart (1995), Trainspotting (1996), Troy (2004), The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (2005), Ben-Hur (2016), and Wonder Woman (2017). On television, he appeared as Father Kellan Ashby on the third season of Sons of Anarchy (2010), Jeor Mormont on HBO's Game of Thrones (2011–2013), Farder Coram in the BBC series His Dark Materials (2019), and  Luka Gocharov on the third season of Amazon Prime's Jack Ryan (2022). Cosmo appeared as a contestant on the nineteenth series of Celebrity Big Brother in 2017, finishing in fourth place.

Jack Ryan (TV series)
Tom Clancy's Jack Ryan (also known simply as Jack Ryan) is an American political action thriller television series based on characters from the fictional Ryanverse created by author Tom Clancy. Featuring modern-day interpretations of the original characters, it stars John Krasinski as CIA analyst Jack Ryan. The series was created by Carlton Cuse and Graham Roland. Cuse, Roland, and Krasinski serve as executive producers, alongside Michael Bay, Morten Tyldum, and Brad Fuller, among others.

The series premiered on August 31, 2018, on Amazon Prime Video. Ahead of the third season, Amazon renewed the series for a fourth season and in May 2022, it was confirmed the series would end after its fourth season, which premiered on June 29, 2023, and concluded on July 14. A spin-off starring Michael Peña as Ding Chavez and a sequel film are in development. The film was announced to be in production on February 19, 2025.
David Penberthy
David Penberthy (born 1969, Adelaide, South Australia) is the former editor-in-chief of News Limited news site news.com.au and the former opinion website, The Punch. He was editor of The Daily Telegraph in Sydney, Australia, from April 2005 until November 2008.

The Daily Telegraph (Sydney)
The Daily Telegraph, nicknamed The Tele, is an Australian tabloid newspaper published by Nationwide News Pty Limited (NWN), a subsidiary of News Corp Australia, itself a subsidiary of News Corp. It is published Monday through Saturday and is available throughout Sydney, across most of regional and remote New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and South East Queensland.

A 2013 poll conducted by Essential Research found that the Telegraph was Australia's least-trusted major newspaper, with 49% of respondents citing "a lot of" or "some" trust in the paper. Amongst those ranked by Nielsen, the Telegraph's website is the sixth most popular Australian news website with a unique monthly audience of 2,841,381 readers.
Fischer Projects
The William J. Fischer Housing Development, better known as the Fischer Projects, was a housing project in Algiers, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. It was known notoriously for a series of high-profile murders in the 1970s and 1980s. It was the last conventional public housing development constructed in New Orleans, and one of the first to begin demolition. It originally consisted of a 13-floor high-rise and fourteen 3-floor units. The area has been undergoing redevelopment since about 2004 and currently none of the original low-rise buildings remain. The development is located along Whitney Avenue in the Algiers area of the city's west bank, which is part of the 15th Ward and is named for William J. Fischer who served as chairman of HANO in the 1950s. The property is now converted to a small low-income housing development.

Algiers, New Orleans
Algiers (/ælˈdʒɪərz/) is a historic neighborhood of New Orleans and is the only Orleans Parish community located on the West Bank of the Mississippi River. Algiers is known as the 15th Ward, one of the 17 wards of New Orleans. It was once home to many jazz musicians.
Charles Freer Andrews
Charles Freer Andrews (12 February 1871 – 5 April 1940) was an Anglican priest and Christian missionary, educator and social reformer, and an activist for Indian independence. He became a close friend of Rabindranath Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi and identified with the Indian liberation struggle. He was instrumental in persuading Gandhi to return to India from South Africa, where Gandhi had been a leading light in the campaign for Indian civil rights.

Andrews was affectionately dubbed Christ's Faithful Apostle by Gandhi, based on his initials, C. F. A. For his contributions to the Indian independence movement, Gandhi and his students at St. Stephen's College, Delhi, named him Deenabandhu, or "Friend of the Poor".

St. Stephen's College, Delhi
St. Stephen's College is a constituent college of Delhi University. It awards both undergraduate and postgraduate degrees. Established in 1881, it is one of the oldest and most prestigious liberal arts and sciences colleges in India. The college has an acceptance rate of 1.33%.
Abraham Nemeth
Abraham Nemeth (October 16, 1918 – October 2, 2013) was an American mathematician. He was professor of mathematics at the University of Detroit Mercy in Detroit, Michigan. Nemeth was blind and is known for developing Nemeth Braille, a system for blind people to read and write mathematics.

Nemeth Braille
The Nemeth Braille Code for Mathematics and Science Notation is a Braille code for encoding mathematical and scientific notation linearly using standard six-dot Braille cells for tactile reading by the visually impaired. The code was developed by Abraham Nemeth. The Nemeth Code was first written up in 1952. It was revised in 1956, 1965, and 1972. It is an example of a compact human-readable markup language.

Nemeth Braille is just one code used to write mathematics in braille. There are many systems in use around the world.
Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis Railway
The Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis Railway (CCC&I) was formed from the merger of the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad (CC&C) with the Bellefontaine Railway in 1868. The Bellefontaine had been formed by a merger of the Bellefontaine and Indiana Railroad and the Indianapolis, Pittsburgh and Cleveland Railroad in 1864. Two key figures in its construction were Cyrus Ball and Albert S. White.

Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway
The Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway, also known as the Big Four Railroad and commonly abbreviated CCC&StL, was a railroad company in the Midwestern United States. It operated in affiliation with the New York Central system.

Its primary routes were in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio. At the end of 1925 it reported 2,391 route-miles and 4,608 track-miles; that year it carried 8180 million net ton-miles of revenue freight and 488 million passenger-miles.
Banca Lombarda e Piemontese
Banca Lombarda e Piemontese was an Italian banking group. It was formed as Banca Lombarda in 1998 by the merger of Banca San Paolo di Brescia (with subsidiary Banca di Valle Camonica)  and Credito Agrario Bresciano (with subsidiary Banco di San Giorgio). The group merged with Banca Regionale Europea in 2000, which changed their name to reflect the extension to Piedmont region. In 2007 the group merged with Banche Popolari Unite to form UBI Banca.

The group was a minority shareholders of Banca Intesa, partly due to the sales of Cariparma's shares to Banca Intesa and partially due to the warrants issued to Banca San Paolo di Brescia.

Banco di San Giorgio (1987–2012)
Banco di San Giorgio S.p.A. was an Italian bank that existed from 1987 to 2012. It was named for the historical Bank of Saint George, which has been defunct since 1805. In 1992, it entered the group Credito Agrario Bresciano, initially merged in 1999 with the Banca Lombarda and in 2007 with the UBI Banca Group. On 22 October 2012, it merged with the Banca Regionale Europea (a subsidiary of UBI Banca) that has thus acquired all its branches.

The last Chairman of the Board of Directors was Riccardo Garrone.
Raju Sundaram
Raju Sundaram (born 6 September 1968) is an Indian dance choreographer, actor and film director, who works primarily in Tamil, Telugu films also appeared in Kannada and Malayalam films. He appeared as an actor in films like Jeans (1998), 123 (2002),  I Love You Da (2002), Quick Gun Murugun (2009); and directed one film, Aegan (2008).

He won the National Film Award for Best Choreography for his work in the song "Pranamam Pranamam" song from the film Janatha Garage (2016) and "Everest Anchuna" song from the film Maharshi (2019).

123 (film)
123 is a 2002 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film directed by K. Subash. It was partially reshot in Telugu and Kannada. The film stars real-life brothers Prabhu Deva, Raju Sundaram, and Nagendra Prasad alongside Jyothika as the female lead, while Deva composed the film's music. Based on the Marathi play All The Best by Devendra Pem, 123 was released on 1 June 2002.
The Liberty Bell (annual)
The Liberty Bell, by Friends of Freedom, was an annual abolitionist gift book, edited and published by Maria Weston Chapman, to be sold or gifted to participants in the National Anti-Slavery Bazaar organized by the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society. Named after the symbol of the American Revolution, it was published nearly every year from 1839 to 1858.

Maria Weston Chapman
Maria Weston Chapman (July 25, 1806 – July 12, 1885) was an American abolitionist.  She was elected to the executive committee of the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1839 and from 1839 until 1842, she served as editor of the anti-slavery journal The Non-Resistant.
Conservatory of Flowers
The Conservatory of Flowers is a greenhouse and botanical garden that houses a collection of rare and exotic plants in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California. With construction having been completed in 1879, it is the oldest building in the park. It was one of the first municipal conservatories constructed in the United States and is the oldest remaining municipal wooden conservatory in the country. For these distinctions and for its associated historical, architectural, and engineering merits, the Conservatory of Flowers is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and the California Register of Historical Places. It is a California Historical Landmark and a San Francisco Designated Landmark.

The Conservatory of Flowers is now one of the three locations of the Gardens of Golden Gate Park, along with the Japanese Tea Garden and the San Francisco Botanical Garden.

Japanese Tea Garden (San Francisco)
The Japanese Tea Garden (Japanese: 日本茶園) in San Francisco, California, is a popular feature of Golden Gate Park, originally built as part of a sprawling World's Fair, the California Midwinter International Exposition of 1894. Though many of its attractions are still a part of the garden today, there have been changes throughout the history of the garden that have shaped it into what it is today.

The oldest public Japanese garden in the United States, this complex of many paths, ponds and a teahouse features plants and trees pruned and arranged in a Japanese style. The garden's 3 acres contain sculptures and structures influenced by Buddhist and Shinto religious beliefs, as well as many elements of water and rocks to create a calming landscape designed to slow people down.

The Japanese Tea Garden is now one of the three locations of the Gardens of Golden Gate Park, along with the San Francisco Botanical Garden and the Conservatory of Flowers.
Carmen Duncan
Carmen Joan Duncan (7 July 1942 – 3 February 2019) was an Australian-born stage and screen actress and activist, with a career locally and internationally in the United States that spanned over 50 years.

She was known for the films Don't Let It Get You (1966), Harlequin (1980) and Turkey Shoot (1982) and for her role as Iris Wheeler in American soap opera Another World from 1988 to 1994.

Iris Wheeler
Iris Wheeler is a fictional character from the daytime soap opera Another World. First portrayed by Beverlee McKinsey from 1972 until 1980, Iris was one of the show's most iconic characters and received her own short-lived spin-off, Texas. Carmen Duncan took over the role from 1988 until 1994.
Ellesmere Port railway station
Ellesmere Port railway station is located in the town of Ellesmere Port, Cheshire, England. The station was an intermediate through station on the Hooton–Helsby line. Now all passenger services terminate at the station from both directions. It is both a terminus of the Wirral Line, a commuter rail system operated by Merseyrail and of Northern Trains services to Warrington Bank Quay. Departures and arrivals of Merseyrail services are on platform 1 with departures and arrivals to Warrington Bank Quay on platform 2.

Warrington Bank Quay railway station
Warrington Bank Quay is one of five railway stations serving the town of Warrington, a unitary authority in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is a principal stop on the West Coast Main Line between London Euston and Glasgow Central. The station is a north–south oriented station located to one side of Warrington's main shopping area.
Kip Thorne
Kip Stephen Thorne (born June 1, 1940) is an American astrophysicist and author. He shared the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics with Rainer Weiss and Barry C. Barish "for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves".

With John A. Wheeler and Charles Misner, he coauthored the general relativity textbook Gravitation. He has also written popular science, notably Black Holes and Time Warps.

Thorne was the Richard P. Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics at  Caltech from 1991 until 2009. A longtime friend and colleague of Stephen Hawking and Carl Sagan, he advised Sagan on the physics of wormholes for his novel  Contact. He was a scientific consultant for Christopher Nolan's films Interstellar and Tenet. He received the 2018 Lewis Thomas Prize for science writing.

Wormhole
A wormhole is a hypothetical structure that connects disparate points in spacetime. It can be visualized as a tunnel with two ends at separate points in spacetime (i.e., different locations, different points in time, or both). Wormholes are based on a special solution of the Einstein field equations.
Wormholes are consistent with the general theory of relativity, but whether they actually exist is unknown. Many physicists postulate that wormholes are merely projections of a fourth spatial dimension, analogous to how a two-dimensional (2D) being could experience only part of a three-dimensional (3D) object.

In 1995, Matt Visser suggested there may be many wormholes in the universe if cosmic strings with negative mass were generated in the early universe. Some physicists, such as Kip Thorne, have suggested how to create wormholes artificially.
Åboulevard
Åboulevard (lit. 'River Boulevard') is a street in central Copenhagen, Denmark. Together with H. C. Andersens Boulevard in the city centre and Borups Allé, it forms a major artery in and out of the city. The road is built over Ladegårds Å, a canal originally built to supply Copenhagen with water, which still runs in a pipe under it, feeding water into Peblinge Lake.

Borups Allé
Borups Allé is a major artery in the northwestern part of inner Copenhagen, Denmark. The 3.2 km long street runs from Jagtvej at Nuuks Plads in the southeast to Bellahøj in the northwest. Just before Hulgårdsvej, part of Ring 2, Borups Allé is joined by Bispeengbuen, an elevated road section that connects it to Åboulevard-Ågade and H. C. Andersens Boulevard in the city centre. The rest of Borups Allé is the first leg of the National Road 16, part of the Danish national road network. It continues as a six-lane road to Frederikssundsvej where it becomes Hareskovvej and later the Hillerød Motorway at Utterslev Mose.
National Motor Freight Traffic Association
The National Motor Freight Traffic Association, Inc. (NMFTA)™ is a nonprofit membership organization headquartered in Alexandria, Virginia. Since 1956, NMFTA has represented the interests of the less-than-truckload (LTL) motor carrier industry, and for-hire interstate and intrastate carriers. There are two ways to join NMFTA: membership and participation in the National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC)®.

NMFTA's mission is to "Promote, advance, and improve the welfare and interests of the motor carrier industry. We do this through research, education, lobbying and developing industry standards and best practices. Our goal is to have the most informed membership to not only grow profitably, but efficiently run operations and protect against new challenges resulting from the digital era."

National Motor Freight Classification
The National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) is a North American voluntary standard that provides a comparison of commodities moving in interstate, intrastate and international commerce via freight shipment. The standard is developed and maintained by the Freight Classification Development Council (FCDC) and published by the National Motor Freight Traffic Association (NMFTA).