hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Czech Radio
Czech Radio  (Czech: Český rozhlas, ČRo) is the public radio broadcaster of the Czech Republic operating continuously since 1923. It is the oldest national radio broadcaster in continental Europe and the second-oldest in Europe after the BBC. Czech Radio was established in 1992 by the Czech Radio Act, which sets out the framework for its operation and finance. It acts as the successor to the previous state-owned Czechoslovak Radio which ceased to exist by 1992.

The service broadcasts throughout the Czech Republic nationally and locally. Its four national services are Radiožurnál, Dvojka, Vltava and Plus. Czech Radio operates twelve nationwide stations and another fourteen regional stations. All ČRo stations broadcast via internet stream, digital via DAB+ and DVB, and part analog via terrestrial transmitters. It is based in Prague in a building in Vinohradská třída.

ČRo Plus
ČRo Plus is a radio station of the Czech Radio in the Czech Republic. It is full-screen spoken-word station, focused on analytical journalism. It was founded in 2013, when it replaced the trio of stations ČRo 6, ČRo Rádio Česko and ČRo Leonardo. Czech Radio claims that the station is aimed towards listeners over the age of 35.

For its nature, the radio station bears similarities with its foreign counterparts; BBC Radio 4 and B5 aktuell. As of the first quarter of 2023, 144,000 listeners listened to the station daily.
Eighth power
In arithmetic and algebra, the eighth power of a number n is the result of multiplying eight instances of n together. So:

n8 = n × n × n × n × n × n × n × n.

Eighth powers are also formed by multiplying a number by its seventh power, or the fourth power of a number by itself.

The sequence of eighth powers of integers is:

0, 1, 256, 6561, 65536, 390625, 1679616, 5764801, 16777216, 43046721, 100000000, 214358881, 429981696, 815730721, 1475789056, 2562890625, 4294967296, 6975757441, 11019960576, 16983563041, 25600000000, 37822859361, 54875873536, 78310985281, 110075314176, 152587890625 ... (sequence A001016 in the OEIS)

In the archaic notation of Robert Recorde, the eighth power of a number was called the "zenzizenzizenzic".

Fourth power
In arithmetic and algebra, the fourth power of a number n is the result of multiplying four instances of n together: n4 = n × n × n × n.

Fourth powers are also formed by multiplying a number by its cube. Furthermore, they are squares of squares.

Some people refer to n4 as n tesseracted, hypercubed, zenzizenzic, biquadrate or supercubed instead of "to the power of 4".

The sequence of fourth powers of integers, known as biquadrates or tesseractic numbers, is:

0, 1, 16, 81, 256, 625, 1296, 2401, 4096, 6561, 10000, 14641, 20736, 28561, 38416, 50625, 65536, 83521, 104976, 130321, 160000, 194481, 234256, 279841, 331776, 390625, 456976, 531441, 614656, 707281, 810000, ... (sequence A000583 in the OEIS).
Vidora
Vidora is an unincorporated community within the Rural Municipality of Reno No. 51, Saskatchewan, Canada. The community once had a population of 200 people in 1940 and has since declined to 1 resident. It previously held village status until it was dissolved as an unincorporated community on January 1, 1952. The community is located between Robsart and Consul on Highway 21 and Highway 13, known as the Red Coat Trail. Very little remains of the former village, only one home that is also used as a post office still stands as of 2008. There are many cement foundations and sidewalks still found scattered around the town site, including the remnants of the old bank vault to the former Municipality Office that was moved to Consul.

Rural Municipality of Reno No. 51
The Rural Municipality of Reno No. 51 (2021 population: 343) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 4 and SARM Division No. 3. Located in the southwest corner of the province, it is adjacent to the United States border to the south and the Alberta boundary to the west.
51st Field Artillery Regiment (PA)
51st Field Artillery Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated and organized in 1941 and fought during World War II. The regiment is a component of 51st Infantry Division under Brigadier General Albert M. Jones, responsible for the defense of Bicol Peninsula.

51st Division (Philippines)
The 51st Infantry Division was a division of the Philippine Army under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). It fought in Southern Luzon and in Bataan until it surrendered in April 9, 1941.
Let's Go! (residency)
Let's Go! is the second concert residency by Canadian singer Shania Twain. Performed at the Zappos Theater in Las Vegas, Nevada, the show began on December 6, 2019 and was originally estimated to run through 2021. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the show was put on hold and resumed in December 2021. Previously, Twain spent two years, from December 2012 until the end of 2014, performing the Shania: Still the One residency at Caesars Palace, and embarked on her 2015 Rock This Country Tour and her 2018 Now Tour.

Shania: Still the One
Shania: Still the One was the first concert residency by Canadian singer-songwriter Shania Twain, performed at The Colosseum at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, Nevada. The residency began on December 1, 2012, and ended on December 13, 2014, with Twain performing 105 shows.

Shania: Still the One was created by Twain, produced by AEG Live and directed by Raj Kapoor. The purpose of the show was to "take fans on a spectacular journey through the various stages of Shania's life and career in an unforgettable evening filled with music, multi-sensory and visual experiences, fashion and the unexpected".
Lantern
A lantern is a source of lighting, often portable. It typically features a protective enclosure for the light source – historically usually a candle, a wick in oil, or a heated mesh, and often a battery-powered light in modern times – to make it easier to carry and hang up, and make it more reliable outdoors or in drafty interiors. Lanterns may also be used for signaling, as torches, or as general light-sources outdoors.

Gas mantle
An incandescent gas mantle, gas mantle or Welsbach mantle is a device for generating bright white light when heated by a flame.  The name refers to its original heat source in gas lights which illuminated the streets of Europe and North America in the late 19th century. Mantle refers to the way it hangs like a cloak above the flame.  Gas mantles are also used in some portable camping lanterns, pressure lanterns and some oil lamps.

Gas mantles are usually sold as a fabric bag which, because of impregnation with metal nitrates, burns away to leave a rigid but fragile mesh of metal oxides when heated during initial use; these metal oxides produce light from the heat of the flame whenever used. Thorium dioxide was commonly a major component; being radioactive, it has led to concerns about the safety of those involved in manufacturing mantles.  Normal use, however, poses minimal health risk.
Kola Sámi Assembly
The Kola Sámi Assembly (Kildin Sami: Куэллнэгк нёарк Са̄мь Соббар; Russian: Саамское собрание Кольского полуострова) is an elected assembly established in 2010 by the Sámi people of the Kola peninsula in Russia on the model of Sámi parliaments in Nordic countries. As of 2018, it was not recognised as a political or legislative entity by the Russian federal nor local Murmansk Oblast governments under the pretext of "combatting separatism"; it remains a purely representative organ with unclear relations with the government, because establishing new legislative organs requires amendments to Russian federal and regional legislation.

Sámi politics
Sámi politics refers to politics that concern the Sámi ethnic group in Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia. In a more narrow sense, it has come to indicate the government of Sámi affairs by Sámi political institutions. This article deals with Sámi political structures, with an emphasis on the contemporary institutions.
Stevens Mokgalapa
Stevens Mokgalapa (born 9 April 1977) is a South African politician who served as the Mayor of Tshwane from 2019 to 2020. A former member of the Democratic Alliance (DA), he served as a Member of the National Assembly from 2009 to 2019. Within the DA's Shadow Cabinet, he served as Shadow Deputy Minister of International Relations and Co-operation from 2009 to 2012, as Shadow Minister of Human Settlements from 2012 to 2014 and as Shadow Minister of International Relations and Co-operation from 2014 to 2019 .

Prior to being elected to the National Assembly, Mokgalapa was a Tshwane Municipality councillor for a period of nine years.

In February 2019, the Democratic Alliance selected Mokgalapa as the party's preferred mayoral candidate to succeed Solly Msimanga as Mayor of Tshwane. He was elected on 12 February 2019 and became the second Tshwane Mayor from the Democratic Alliance. He announced on 2 February 2020 that he would resign at the end of the month.

Solly Msimanga
Solly Tshepiso Msimanga (born 16 July 1980) is a South African politician serving as the Leader of the Opposition in the Gauteng Provincial Legislature since May 2019. He has been a Member of the Gauteng Provincial Legislature since February 2019, having previously served from 2014 to 2016. He is also the Provincial Leader of the Democratic Alliance, having been elected in 2020. Msimanga was the Executive Mayor of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality from 2016 to 2019 and the DA Provincial Chairperson from 2014 to 2017. Msimanga was the DA's unsuccessful Gauteng Premier candidate for the 2019 and the 2024 elections.
Papa 51 Thunder Mustang
The Thunder Mustang is a modern, composite-shell, 0.75-scale kitplane replica of the American  P-51 Mustang fighter of World War II, with performance comparable to the original P-51. As the fastest and most-powerful piston-powered kit aircraft available, it is the leader of pack of the various piston-powered, high-performance P-51 replica kits -- which include the Titan Aircraft T-51, (a welded steel airframe with secondary monocoque aluminum shell), and the all-aluminum Stewart S-51D -- though outrun by the full-scale, turbine-powered Cameron P-51G.

Cameron P-51G
The Cameron P-51G (originally Cameron Grand 51) is an American two-seat turboprop representation of the 1940s North American P-51 Mustang, designed and built by Cameron & Sons Aircraft of Coeur d'Alene, Idaho for sale as completed aircraft or kits for amateur construction.
Prinzenpalais, Oldenburg
The Prinzenpalais is a palace, now used as an art museum, in the city of Oldenburg, Lower Saxony, Germany. The museum houses the modern art collection of the State Museum for Art and Cultural History.

The building dates from 1826 and is in the classical style. It was the residence of the Russian princes Alexander and Peter. Subsequently Grand Duke Niklaus Friedrich Peter occupied the building. In 2003, it became part of the State Museum of Art and Cultural History (with the Augusteum and Schloss Oldenburg) and is an art gallery. The museum concentrates on German artists, ranging from neoclassicism and Romanticism in the mid-19th century to the post-1945 era. The Prinzenpalais building is near the northeast corner of the Schlossgarten Oldenburg. The Augusteum, Elisabeth-Anna-Palais, and Schloss Oldenburg are all close to the museum.

State Museum for Art and Cultural History
The State Museum for Art and Cultural History (in German: Landesmuseum für Kunst und Kulturgeschichte) is an art museum consisting of three separate buildings located close to each other in the city of Oldenburg, Lower Saxony, Germany.

The three museum locations are:

Schloss Oldenburg (decorative arts, regional history, some old master paintings)

Augusteum (old master painting collection)

Prinzenpalais (modern art collection)

The museum was established in 1919 after the abdication the previous year of Frederick Augustus II, the last Grand Duke of Oldenburg. The initial collection consisted of the former Grand Duke's picture gallery, a collection of antiquities, and the collections of the Museum of Decorative Arts and the former National Picture Gallery.

The three buildings are all located close to the northeast corner of the Schlossgarten Oldenburg, now Oldenburg's main public park.
Minibus
A minibus, microbus, minicoach, or short bus is a passenger-carrying motor vehicle that is designed to carry more people than a multi-purpose vehicle or minivan, but fewer people than a full-size bus. In the United Kingdom, the word "minibus" is used to describe any full-sized passenger-carrying van or panel truck. Minibuses have a seating capacity of between 12 and 30. Larger minibuses may be called midibuses. Minibuses are typically front-engine step-in vehicles, although low floor minibuses are particularly common in Japan.

Midibus
A midibus is a classification of single-decker minibuses which are generally larger than a traditional minibus but smaller than a full-size single decker and can be anywhere between 8 metres (26 ft 3 in) and 11 metres (36 ft 1 in) long. While used in many parts of the world, the midibus is perhaps most common in the United Kingdom, where operators have found them more economical, and to have a sufficient number of seats compared to full size single-decker buses.

Midibuses are often designed to be lightweight to save on diesel fuel (e.g. smaller wheels than on larger buses), making them not as durable as heavier 'full size' buses. Some midibuses, such as the Scania OmniTown, are heavier and therefore more durable.
In some places such as Hong Kong, some bus routes have to be served by midibuses due to the winding roads along such routes.
Edge connectivity
In graph theory, a connected graph is k-edge-connected if it remains connected whenever fewer than k edges are removed.

The edge-connectivity of a graph is the largest k for which the graph is k-edge-connected.

Edge connectivity and the enumeration of k-edge-connected graphs was studied by Camille Jordan in 1869.

Connectivity (graph theory)
In mathematics and computer science, connectivity is one of the basic concepts of graph theory: it asks for the minimum number of elements (nodes or edges) that need to be removed to separate the remaining nodes into two or more isolated subgraphs. It is closely related to the theory of network flow problems. The connectivity of a graph is an important measure of its resilience as a network.
ARRIVE guidelines
The ARRIVE guidelines (short for Animals in Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments) are a set of guidelines for improving experimental design and reporting standards for animal research, drawn up by the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research. First published in 2010 as a checklist of 20 items, a revision, titled ARRIVE 2.0, was published in 2020 as two checklists of 10 "essential" items and 11 "recommended" items. While the guidelines have been endorsed by over a thousand scientific journals, their adoption and enforcement has remained limited.

National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research
The National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs, pronounced as "N C 3 Rs") is a British organization with the goal of reducing the number of animals used in scientific research. It is named after the three Rs principles, first described in 1959, for reducing the scale and impact of animal research. It was established in 2004 after the publication of a 2002 House of Lords select committee report on Animals In Scientific Procedures As of 2021, the chief executive of NC3Rs is Dr Vicky Robinson, who was appointed CBE in the 2015 Birthday Honours "For services to Science and Animal Welfare".
Joe Coleman (baseball, born 1947)
Joseph Howard Coleman (February 3, 1947 – July 9, 2025) was an American professional baseball player.  He played as a pitcher from 1965 to 1982, including 15 seasons in Major League Baseball with the Washington Senators (1965–70), Detroit Tigers (1971–76), Chicago Cubs (1976), Oakland Athletics (1977–78), Toronto Blue Jays (1978), San Francisco Giants (1979), and Pittsburgh Pirates (1979). He compiled a 142–135 win–loss record and 3.70 earned run average (ERA) in 484 major league games.

Coleman averaged more than 20 wins per season from 1971 to 1973.  He recorded 236 strikeouts in 1971, third best in the American League, was selected to the American League All-Star team in 1972, and recorded 23 wins in 1973, second highest in the American League.

Coleman was the son of former major league pitcher Joe Coleman and the father of former major league pitcher Casey Coleman. The trio are the first three-generation pitchers in MLB history.

Joe Coleman (baseball, born 1922)
Joseph Patrick Coleman (July 30, 1922 – April 9, 1997) was an American professional baseball pitcher who appeared in 223 games in Major League Baseball (MLB) over ten seasons between 1942 and 1955 for the Philadelphia Athletics, Baltimore Orioles, and Detroit Tigers. He was named an All-Star in 1948 and finished 19th in MVP voting in 1954. He was the father of Joe Coleman, a major league pitcher for 15 seasons from 1965 to 1979 and a two-time 20-game winner, and the grandfather of Casey Coleman, a pitcher with the Chicago Cubs and the Kansas City Royals from 2010 and 2014.
2001 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament qualifying
This article features the 2001 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament qualifying stage. Caribbean and Central American teams entered in separate tournaments. The North American teams Mexico and the United States automatically qualified, as well as main tournament hosts Canada (North America) and Trinidad and Tobago (Caribbean). Fifteen Caribbean teams entered, of which one qualified and seven Central American teams entered, of which three qualified.

2001 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament
The 2001 CONCACAF Under-20 Championship was played from 28 February to 22 Match 2001, the competition was divided into two groups of 4 teams, the top two from each group qualified to the 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship held in Argentina.

The tournament was marred by a collision between Landon Donovan of the U.S. and Trinidad and Tobago's Marvin Lee that left Lee paralysed; he died two years later.
Alan Pattillo
Alan Huchison Pattillo (17 July 1929 – 16 January 2020) was a British writer and director who worked on Supercar, Fireball XL5, Stingray, and Thunderbirds television series. He won an Emmy in 1979 alongside Bill Blunden for his film editing on All Quiet on the Western Front.

Pattillo died on 16 January 2020 at the age of 90 from complications of Parkinson's disease.

Bill Blunden
Bill Blunden (3 December 1934 – 3 January 2018) was a British television and film editor. He won a Primetime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Film Editing For A Limited Series Or A Special for the television film All Quiet on the Western Front. His win was shared with Alan Pattillo.
Camera Owner
Camera Owner (1964–1968) was a bi-monthly British hobbyist photography magazine founded in 1964. In 1968 it evolved into Creative Camera, a monthly magazine of fine art and documentary photography, which in turn, in 2000, became DPICT before its publication ceased in 2001.

Creative Camera
Creative Camera (also known as "CC") was a British monthly/bi-monthly magazine devoted to fine art photography and documentary photography. The successor to the very different (hobbyist) magazine Camera Owner (which had started in 1964), Creative Camera was published in England between 1968 and 2000, and was the forerunner of the short-lived DPICT (2000-2001).
Radcliffe Observatory Quarter
The Radcliffe Observatory Quarter (ROQ) is a major University of Oxford development project in Oxford, England, in the estate of the old Radcliffe Infirmary hospital.
The site, covering 10 acres (3.7 hectares) is in central north Oxford. It is bounded by Observatory Street and Green Templeton College to the north, the Woodstock Road to the east, Somerville College to the south, and Walton Street to the west. The project and the new university area is named after the grade I listed Radcliffe Observatory to the north east of the site, now the centrepiece of Green Templeton College, which is intended to form the visual centrepiece of the project.

Radcliffe Observatory
Radcliffe Observatory was the astronomical observatory of the University of Oxford from 1773 until 1934, when the Radcliffe Trustees sold it and built a new observatory in Pretoria, South Africa. It is a Grade I listed building. Today, the building forms part of Green Templeton College of the University of Oxford.
Corps Rhenania Tübingen
Corps Rhenania Tübingen is a German fraternity and member of the Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband (KSCV), which is among the oldest fraternity associations. The Corps commits itself to a traditional kind of sport called academic fencing. It associates students and graduates of the University of Tübingen. Its members are called “Tübingen Rhenanians”.

Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband
The Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband (abbreviation: KSCV) is the oldest association of German, Austrian and Swiss Studentenverbindungen or students fraternities. It comprises roughly 105 German, Austrian and a Flemish (Belgian), Hungarian and Swiss Corps, all of which are based upon the principle of tolerance.
Ashtadiggajas
Ashtadiggajas (Telugu: అష్టదిగ్గజులు) is the collective title given to the eight great Telugu scholars and poets in the court of Emperor Krishnadevaraya, who ruled the Vijayanagara Empire from 1509 until his death in 1529. During his reign, Telugu literature and culture reached its zenith. In his imperial court, these eight poets were regarded as the eight pillars of his literary assembly. The age of Ashtadiggajas is called the Prabandha Age (1540 CE to 1600 CE). Each Ashtadiggaja had composed at least one Prabandha Kavyamu, and it was the Ashtadiggajas who gave Prabandha its present form. Most Ashtadiggajas were from Rayalaseema. The Ashtadiggajas Allasani Peddana, Dhurjati, Nandi Thimmana, Madayyagari Mallana and Ayyalaraju Ramabhadrudu were from Rayalaseema. Pandit Ramakrishna hailed from Tenali in the Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh. Ramarajabhushanudu and Pingali Surana were the other two Ashtadiggajas.

Telugu literature
Telugu literature includes poetry, short stories, novels, plays, and other works composed in Telugu. There is some indication that Telugu literature dates at least to the middle of the first millennium. The earliest extant works are from the 11th century when the Mahabharata was first translated to Telugu from Sanskrit by Nannaya. The language experienced a golden age under the patronage of the Vijayanagara Emperor-Poet Krishnadevaraya.
Richmond, Kentucky
Richmond is a home rule-class city in Madison County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 34,585 as of the 2020 census, making it the state's seventh-largest city. It is the principal city of the Richmond–Berea micropolitan area, which includes all of Madison and Rockcastle counties and had 123,000 residents in 2020.

The city is named after Richmond, Virginia and is home to Eastern Kentucky University. Richmond is the county seat of Madison County and serves as the center for work and shopping in south-central Kentucky. Richmond is home to numerous festivals, notably the Millstone Festival.

Eastern Kentucky University
Eastern Kentucky University (Eastern or EKU) is a public university in Richmond, Kentucky, United States. It also maintains branch campuses in Corbin, Hazard, and Manchester and offers over 40 online undergraduate and graduate options.
Spherical Harmonic
Spherical Harmonic is a science fiction novel from the Saga of the Skolian Empire  by Catherine Asaro. It tells the story of Dyhianna Selei (Dehya), the Ruby Pharaoh of the Skolian Imperialate, as she strives to reform her government and reunite her family in the aftermath of a devastating interstellar war.

Catherine Asaro
Catherine Ann Asaro (born November 6, 1955) is an American science fiction and fantasy author, singer and teacher. She is best known for her books about the Ruby Dynasty, called the Saga of the Skolian Empire.