hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Duguid
Charles Duguid (6 April 1884 – 5 December 1986) was a Scottish-born Australian medical practitioner, social reformer, Presbyterian lay leader and Aboriginal rights campaigner who lived in Adelaide, South Australia for most of his adult life, and recorded his experience working among the Aboriginal Australians in a number of books. He founded the Ernabella mission station in the far north of South Australia. The Pitjantjatjara people gave him the honorific Tjilpi, meaning "respected old man". He and his wife Phyllis Duguid, also an Aboriginal rights campaigner as well as women's rights activist, led much of the work on improving the lives of Aboriginal people in South Australia in the mid-twentieth century.

The Duguids' legacies include the Duguid Indigenous Endowment Fund at The Australian National University and the Biennial Duguid Memorial Lecture series (held in alternate years at the University of South Australia and Flinders University).

Pukatja, South Australia
Pukatja (formerly Ernabella, Pitjantjatjara: Anapala) is an Aboriginal community in the  Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands in South Australia, comprising one of the six main communities on "The Lands" (the others being Amata, Pipalyatjara, Fregon/Kaltjiti, Indulkana and Mimili).

Established as a Presbyterian mission in 1937 with enlightened practices which maintained the Pitjantjatjara language at the school and church services, Ernabella was handed over to the community in 1974 and was later named Pukatja. Ernabella Arts is Australia's oldest continuously running Indigenous art centre.
Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca
The Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca (German: Gefürstete Grafschaft Görz und Gradisca; Italian: Principesca Contea di Gorizia e Gradisca; Slovene: Poknežena grofija Goriška in Gradiščanska), historically sometimes shortened to and spelled "Goritz", was a crown land of the Habsburg dynasty within the Austrian Littoral on the Adriatic Sea, in what is now a multilingual border area of Italy and Slovenia. It was named for its two major urban centers, Gorizia and Gradisca d'Isonzo.

Gradisca d'Isonzo
Gradisca d'Isonzo (Friulian: Gardiscja or Gardiscje; Slovene: Gradišče ob Soči; archaic German: Gradis am Sontig) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, north-eastern Italy. The lawyer, linguist, philologist Philippe Sarchi was born in Gradisca d'Isonzo. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Jack Russell (priest)
John "Jack" Russell (21 December 1795 – 28 April 1883), was an English parson, dog breeder, and enthusiastic follower of country sports, particularly fox hunting. He was known as "The Sporting Parson".

Russell developed the Jack Russell Terrier and the Parson Russell Terrier, both of which are a variety of the Fox Terrier breed.

Fox Terrier
Fox Terriers are two different breeds of the terrier dog type: the Smooth Fox Terrier and the Wire Fox Terrier. Both of these breeds originated in the 19th century from a handful of dogs who are descended from earlier varieties of British terriers, and are related to other modern white terrier breeds. In addition, a number of breeds have diverged from these two main types of fox terrier and have been recognised separately, including the Jack Russell Terrier, Miniature Fox Terrier and Rat Terrier. The Wire and Smooth Fox Terriers share similar characteristics, the main differences being in the coat and markings.
Posterior lacrimal crest
The posterior lacrimal crest is a vertical bony ridge on the orbital surface of the lacrimal bone. It divides the bone into two parts. It gives origin to the lacrimal part of the orbicularis oculi muscle.

Lacrimal bone
The lacrimal bones are two small and fragile bones of the facial skeleton; they are roughly the size of the little fingernail and situated at the front part of the medial wall of the orbit. They each have two surfaces and four borders. Several bony landmarks of the lacrimal bones function in the process of lacrimation. Specifically, the lacrimal bones help form the nasolacrimal canal necessary for tear translocation. A depression on the anterior inferior portion of one bone, the lacrimal fossa, houses the membranous lacrimal sac. Tears, from the lacrimal glands, collect in this sac during excessive lacrimation. The fluid then flows through the nasolacrimal duct and into the nasopharynx. This drainage results in what is commonly referred to a runny nose during excessive crying or tear production. Injury or fracture of the lacrimal bone can result in posttraumatic obstruction of the lacrimal pathways.
Penske Media Corporation
Penske Media Corporation (PMC /ˈpɛnski/) is an American mass media, publishing, and information services company based in Los Angeles and New York City. It publishes more than 20 digital and print brands, including Variety, Rolling Stone, Women's Wear Daily, Deadline Hollywood, Billboard, The Hollywood Reporter, Robb Report, Artforum, ARTNews, and others. PMC's Chairman and CEO since founding is Jay Penske.

In addition to media publications, Penske Media Corporation owns the Life Is Beautiful Music & Art Festival and is a 50 percent stakeholder in South by Southwest. It is also the owner of Dick Clark Productions which includes the award shows Golden Globe Awards, American Music Awards, Streamy Awards, Academy of Country Music Awards, and the Billboard Music Awards.

Robb Report
The Robb Report is an American, English-language, luxury-lifestyle magazine featuring products, including automobiles, aviation, boating, real estate and watches. Founded in 1976, it is currently owned by Penske Media Corporation. It also distributes Muse by Robb Report, a luxury magazine targeting female readers.
David Saint-Jacques
David Saint-Jacques OC OQ FRCGS (Quebec French: [davɪd sẽɪ̯̃nʒã(ŋ)k̚], French pronunciation: [david sɛ̃ʒak]; born 6 January 1970) is a Canadian astronaut with the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). He is also an astrophysicist, engineer, and a physician.

In December 2018, he launched to the International Space Station, as flight engineer on Expeditions 57, 58 and 59; he returned to Earth on 25 June 2019.

Canadian Space Agency
The Canadian Space Agency (CSA; French: Agence spatiale canadienne, ASC) is the national space agency of Canada, established in 1990 by the Canadian Space Agency Act.

The president is Lisa Campbell, who took the position on September 3, 2020. The agency is responsible to the minister of innovation, science and industry. The CSA's headquarters are located at the John H. Chapman Space Centre in Longueuil, Quebec. The agency also has offices in Ottawa, Ontario, and small liaison offices in Houston, Washington, and Paris.
Zavala District
Zavala District is a district of Inhambane Province in south-east Mozambique. Its principal town is Zavala. The district is located at the east of the province, and borders with Inharrime District in the north and with Manjacaze District of Gaza Province in the west. In the east and in the south, the district is bounded by the Indian Ocean. The area of the district is 1,997 square kilometres (771 sq mi). It has a population of 139.616 as of 2007.

Zavala, Mozambique
Zavala, also known as Quissico, is a city in Mozambique.  It is the capital of the  Zavala District.

The town lies on the Mozambique Channel coast and the EN1 road.  It is known for its lagoons and for its musicianship.

The Chopi ethnic group is numerous in Zavala.  Famous people from Zavala include Alexandre José Maria dos Santos, a Cardinal who was Archbishop of Maputo; and the artist Kester.
Bambitious
Bambitious is a 2014 Nigerian romantic drama film directed by Okechukwu Oku, starring Daniel K Daniel and Belinda Effah. It had its premiere at Genesis Cinema, Enugu State and was reputed to being the first Nollywood film to be screened in Southeastern Nigeria. Pete Edochie, Zack Orji and John Okafor were present at the ceremony.

Daniel K. Daniel
Daniel Kanayo Daniel Listenⓘ (born 22 May 1986) is a Nigerian television and film actor, model, voice-over artiste and events compere. He is best known for his portrayal of Bossman  in the movie A Soldier's Story, for which he won the 2016 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards (AMVCA) and the Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) awards for Best Actor, as well as his roles in the period piece 76, which also starred Ramsey Nouah, Chidi Mokeme and Rita Dominic and the light-hearted Mummy Dearest alongside veteran Nigerian actress Liz Benson. He was one of two Nollywood actors inducted into the Academy of Motion Pictures and Science class of 2022.
Ivan Sarić
Ivan Sarić (27 June 1876 – 23 August 1966) was a Yugoslavian sportsman and aviator. He founded the athletic club ŽAK Subotica in his hometown of Subotica. He was also one of the most important pioneers of aviation in Eastern Europe. As a cyclist, he competed in and won many races throughout Europe. He lived and worked as a bookkeeper in his hometown.

Subotica
Subotica (Serbian Cyrillic: Суботица, pronounced [sǔbotitsa] ⓘ; Hungarian: Szabadka, pronounced [ˈsɒbɒtkɒ]) is a city in Central Europe and the administrative center of the North Bačka District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. Formerly the largest city of Vojvodina region, contemporary Subotica is now the second largest city in the province, following the city of Novi Sad. According to the 2022 census, the city proper has a population of 88,752, while the population of the administrative area of the city stands at 123,952 people.
Amplitude
The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the differences between the variable's extreme values. In older texts, the phase of a periodic function is sometimes called the amplitude.

Sine wave
A sine wave, sinusoidal wave, or sinusoid (symbol: ∿) is a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function. In mechanics, as a linear motion over time, this is simple harmonic motion; as rotation, it corresponds to uniform circular motion. Sine waves occur often in physics, including wind waves, sound waves, and light waves, such as monochromatic radiation. In engineering, signal processing, and mathematics, Fourier analysis decomposes general functions into a sum of sine waves of various frequencies, relative phases, and magnitudes.

When any two sine waves of the same frequency (but arbitrary phase) are linearly combined, the result is another sine wave of the same frequency; this property is unique among periodic waves. Conversely, if some phase is chosen as a zero reference, a sine wave of arbitrary phase can be written as the linear combination of two sine waves with phases of zero and a quarter cycle, the sine and cosine components, respectively.
Eurong, Queensland
Eurong is an island town and a locality on K'gari (formerly known as Fraser Island) in the Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Eurong had a population of 11 people.

K'gari
K'gari (/ˈɡɑːri/ GAH-ree, lit. 'Paradise'), also known by its former name Fraser Island, is a World Heritage-listed sand island along the south-eastern coast in the Wide Bay–Burnett region of Queensland, Australia. The island lies approximately 250 km (160 mi) north of the state capital, Brisbane, and is within the Fraser Coast Region local council area. The world heritage listing includes the island, its surrounding waters and parts of the nearby mainland which make up the Great Sandy National Park. In the 2021 census, the island had a population of 152. Up to 500,000 people visit the island each year.

The island is part of the traditional lands of the Butchulla people, under the traditional name of "K'gari". European settlers who arrived in 1847 named the island "Fraser Island" after Captain James Fraser, master of Stirling Castle, who was shipwrecked and died on the island in early August 1836. On 7 June 2023, the island was officially renamed K'gari by the state government.
Consumed by Fire
Consumed by Fire are an American contemporary Christian music brother trio from Wagoner, Oklahoma. They started making music in 2010, with their first album, Something Real, that was independently released. Their second release, Lean on Me, an extended play, released in 2015, with Inpop Records. The songs, "Walk Through the Fire" and "Lean on Me", both charted on the Billboard magazine charts.  The band's latest single, "First Things First" is their debut release after signing with Red Street Records.

Inpop Records
Inpop Records is an independent contemporary Christian music record label based in Nashville, Tennessee, U.S. It was launched in July 1999 by Australians Peter Furler, Dale Bray, and Wes Campbell. The name was derived from the idea of wanting to highlight the talents of international pop artists, though they have signed an equal number of American artists.
University of Pittsburgh at Titusville
The University of Pittsburgh at Titusville (Pitt-Titusville or UPT) is a state-related college in Titusville, Pennsylvania. It is a regional campus of the University of Pittsburgh with its administrative leadership shared with the University of Pittsburgh at Bradford. UPT offers an associate degree in nursing and is home to the Educational Training Center (ETC).

For most of its history, UPT served as a two year institution providing associate degrees and pre-professional tracks, but was restructured in the fall of 2020 to house the ETC while maintaining its associates degree nursing program. This ETC currently incorporates programs from multiple institutions: the University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering's Manufacturing Assistance Center, various programs of the Northern Pennsylvania Regional College (NPRC), and the Brockway Center for Arts & Technology clinical medical assistant and phlebotomy program.

University of Pittsburgh at Bradford
The University of Pittsburgh at Bradford (Pitt-Bradford or UPB) is a state-related college in Bradford Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1963, it is a baccalaureate degree-granting, regional campus of the University of Pittsburgh, conferring degrees in over 40 fields of study. In addition to its focus on undergraduate education, the campus hosts multiple research/teaching units of the University of Pittsburgh, including the Center for Rural Health Practice and the Allegheny Institute of Natural History, as well as the Marilyn Horne Museum and Exhibit Center.

Pitt-Bradford is a residential college and most students reside in one of sixteen on-campus residence halls. UPB athletic programs are affiliated with NCAA Division III, competing as members of the Allegheny Mountain Collegiate Conference.
Christopher Nixon Cox
Christopher Nixon Cox (born March 14, 1979) is an American lawyer based in New York. He is the son of Tricia Nixon Cox and Edward F. Cox, and grandson of President Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon. Cox is the CEO of Lightswitch Capital, a private equity fund investing in biotech companies.

Tricia Nixon Cox
Patricia Nixon Cox (born February 21, 1946) is the elder daughter of the 37th president of the United States Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon, and the sister of Julie Nixon Eisenhower. She is married to Edward F. Cox and is the mother of Christopher Nixon Cox.

In her father's public career, Cox performed a ceremonial role, in contrast to Julie's more political involvement. She accompanied him on many campaign stops and, after his inauguration, on state trips around the world.
Marquess of the Jardines de Aranjuez
Marquess of the Jardines de Aranjuez is a hereditary title in the Spanish nobility. This marquessate was created by King Juan Carlos I in favor of composer Joaquín Rodrigo on 30 December 1991. His music counts among some of the most popular of the 20th century. Rodrigo's title recalls his Concierto de Aranjuez, which is considered one of the pinnacles of the Spanish music. It was inspired by the gardens of the Royal Palace of Aranjuez, the spring resort palace and gardens built by King Philip II in the last half of the 16th century. The work attempts to transport the listener to another place and time through the evocation of the sounds of nature.

The current holder of the title is Joaquín Rodrigo's daughter, Cecilia. The heir apparent is her elder daughter, Cecilita León Rodrigo.

Joaquín Rodrigo
Joaquín Rodrigo Vidre, 1st Marquess of the Gardens of Aranjuez (Spanish: [xoaˈkin roˈðɾiɣo]; 22 November 1901 – 6 July 1999), was a Spanish composer and a virtuoso pianist. He is best known for composing the Concierto de Aranjuez, a cornerstone of the classical guitar repertoire.
GameShark
GameShark is a brand of video game cheat devices originally developed for home and handheld consoles. Introduced in the mid-1990s, it became one of the most popular cheat platforms in North America, offering gamers the ability to modify game behavior using codes that alter memory addresses.

Action Replay
Action Replay is the brand name of a cheating device (such as cheat cartridges) created by Datel. The Action Replay is available for many computer and gaming systems including Commodore 64, Amiga, IBM PC, Nintendo DS, Nintendo DSi, Nintendo 3DS, PlayStation Portable, PlayStation 2, GameCube, Game Boy Advance, and the Xbox. The name is derived from the first devices' signature ability to pause the execution of the software and save the computer's state (the complete contents of the memory) to disk or tape for future "replay". The ability to manipulate the contents of memory in this paused state permitted the cheat functions for which the brand is now better known.
DeepDotWeb
DeepDotWeb was a news site dedicated to events in and surrounding the dark web featuring interviews and reviews about darknet markets, Tor hidden services, privacy, bitcoin, and related news. The website was seized on May 7, 2019, during an investigation into the owners' affiliate marketing model, in which they received money for posting links to certain darknet markets, and for which they were charged with conspiracy to commit money laundering. In March 2021 site administrator Tal Prihar pleaded guilty to his charge of conspiracy to commit money laundering.

Dark web
The dark web is the World Wide Web content that exists on darknets (overlay networks) that use the Internet, but require specific software, configurations, or authorization to access. Through the dark web, private computer networks can communicate and conduct business anonymously without divulging identifying information, such as a user's location.  The dark web forms a small part of the deep web, the part of the web not indexed by web search engines, although sometimes the term deep web is mistakenly used to refer specifically to the dark web.

The darknets which constitute the dark web include small, friend-to-friend networks, as well as large, popular networks such as Tor, Hyphanet, I2P, and Riffle operated by public organizations and individuals. Users of the dark web refer to the regular web as clearnet due to its unencrypted nature. The Tor dark web or onionland uses the traffic anonymization technique of onion routing under the network's top-level domain suffix .onion.
Boss EP
Boss EP is the debut EP by Jewish hip hop band Shtar, released on December 5, 2012. It follows the band's debut Infinity (2010), and is the first of two EPs meant to precede their second album. The EP was promoted with two singles, "Overload" and "Gone Again", both co-produced by Grammy-winning engineer Adrian Bushby. Jewish rapper Nissim (then D. Black) is featured on the song "Rabbit Hole", his first musical appearance since retiring in early 2011.

Nissim Black
Nissim Baruch Black (born Damian Jamohl Black; December 9, 1986) is an American-Israeli rapper, songwriter, record producer, and podcast host.

Under the stage name D. Black, he released the albums The Cause & Effect (2006) and Ali'yah (2009) and was featured on producer Jake One's debut album White Van Music (2008). He retired in 2011 to focus on his conversion to Orthodox Judaism, but soon returned under his new legal name Nissim Black and began focusing on Jewish hip hop. He appeared on Shtar's song "Rabbit Hole" (2012) and has since released the mixtapes Miracle Music (2013) and Love Notes (2020), as well as the studio albums Nissim (2013), Lemala (2017), Gibor (2019), and Glory (2024).
Daily News (Red Bluff)
The Daily News is a morning newspaper in Red Bluff, California and Tehama County, California. It was founded in 1885 and is owned by Digital First Media, formerly MediaNews Group. The Daily News also publishes supplements to the publications: Tehama The Magazine, Red Bluff Today, Corning Today, Tehama County Visitor's Guide, and the annual Best of Tehama County readers choice awards. The newspaper has a paid circulation of approximately 7,500 and is published Tuesday through Saturday.

MediaNews Group
MNG Enterprises, Inc., doing business as Digital First Media and MediaNews Group, is a Denver, Colorado, United States–based newspaper publisher owned by Alden Global Capital. As of May 2021, it owns over 100 newspapers and 200 assorted other publications.
Douglas C-47 Skytrain
The Douglas C-47 Skytrain, or Dakota (RAF designation), is a military transport aircraft that was developed from the civilian Douglas DC-3 airliner. It was used extensively by the Allies during World War II. During the war the C-47 was used for troop transport, cargo, paratrooper drops, glider towing, and military cargo parachute drops. The C-47 remained in front-line service with various military operators for many years.  It was produced in roughly triple the numbers of the larger, much heavier payload Curtiss C-46 Commando, which filled a similar role for the U.S. military.

About 100 countries' armed forces have operated the C-47, with over 60 variants of the aircraft produced. As with the civilian DC-3, the C-47 remains in service, over 80 years after the type's introduction.

Paratrooper
A paratrooper or military parachutist is a soldier trained to conduct military operations by parachuting directly into an area of operations, usually as part of a large airborne forces unit. Traditionally paratroopers fight only as light infantry armed with small arms and light weapons, although some paratroopers can also function as artillerymen or mechanized infantry by utilizing field guns, infantry fighting vehicles and light tanks that are often used in surprise attacks to seize strategic positions behind enemy lines such as airfields, bridges and major roads.
Dublin Pearse railway station
Pearse railway station (Irish: Stáisiún na bPiarsach) or Dublin Pearse is a railway station on Westland Row on the Southside of Dublin, Ireland. It is Ireland's busiest commuter station and second busiest station overall (behind Dublin Connolly railway station) with 9 million passenger journeys through the station in 2016.

Heuston station
Heuston Station, (/ˈhjuːstən/ ⓘ HEW-stən; Irish: Stáisiún Heuston; formerly Kingsbridge Station) also known as Dublin Heuston, is one of Dublin's largest railway stations and links the capital with the south, southwest and west of Ireland. It is operated by Iarnród Éireann (IÉ), the national railway operator. It also houses the head office of its parent company, Córas Iompair Éireann (CIÉ). The station is named in honour of Seán Heuston, an executed leader of the 1916 Easter Rising, who had worked in the station's offices.