hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alloy (specification language)
In computer science and software engineering, Alloy is a declarative specification language for expressing complex structural constraints and behavior in a software system. Alloy provides a simple structural modeling tool based on first-order logic. Alloy is targeted at the creation of micro-models that can then be automatically checked for correctness. Alloy specifications can be checked using the Alloy Analyzer.

Although Alloy is designed with automatic analysis in mind, Alloy differs from many specification languages designed for model-checking in that it permits the definition of infinite models. The Alloy Analyzer is designed to perform finite scope checks even on infinite models.

The Alloy language and analyzer are developed by a team led by Daniel Jackson at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States.

Model checking
In computer science, model checking or property checking is a method for checking whether a finite-state model of a system meets a given specification (also known as correctness). This is typically associated with hardware or software systems, where the specification contains liveness requirements (such as avoidance of livelock) as well as safety requirements (such as avoidance of states representing a system crash).

In order to solve such a problem algorithmically, both the model of the system and its specification are formulated in some precise mathematical language. To this end, the problem is formulated as a task in logic, namely to check whether a structure satisfies a given logical formula. This general concept applies to many kinds of logic and many kinds of structures. A simple model-checking problem consists of verifying whether a formula in the propositional logic is satisfied by a given structure.
Saltpetre works
A  saltpetre works or nitrary is  a place of production of potassium nitrate or saltpetre used primarily for the manufacture of gunpowder. The saltpeter occurs naturally in certain places like the "Caves of Salnitre" (Collbató) known since the Neolithic. In the "Cova del Rat Penat", guano (in this case, bat excrements) deposited over thousands of years became saltpeter after being leached by the action of rainwater.

Potassium nitrate
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with a sharp, salty, bitter taste and the chemical formula KNO3. It is a potassium salt of nitric acid. This salt consists of potassium cations K+ and nitrate anions NO−3, and is therefore an alkali metal nitrate. It occurs in nature as a mineral, niter (or nitre outside the United States). It is a source of nitrogen, and nitrogen was named after niter. Potassium nitrate is one of several nitrogen-containing compounds collectively referred to as saltpetre (or saltpeter in American English).

Major uses of potassium nitrate are in fertilizers, tree stump removal, rocket propellants and fireworks. It is one of the major constituents of traditional gunpowder (black powder). In processed meats, potassium nitrate reacts with hemoglobin and myoglobin generating a red color.
Vince Edwards
Vince Edwards (born Vincent Edward Zoine; July 9, 1928 – March 11, 1996) was an American actor, director, and singer. He was best known for his TV role as Dr. Ben Casey and as Major Cliff Bricker in the 1968 war film The Devil's Brigade.

Ben Casey
Ben Casey is an American medical drama television series that aired on ABC from 1961 to 1966. The show was known for its opening titles, which consisted of a hand drawing the symbols "♂, ♀, ✳, †, ∞" on a chalkboard, as cast member Sam Jaffe said "Man, woman, birth, death, infinity." Neurosurgeon Joseph Ransohoff served as a medical consultant for the show.
Rallye Deutschland
The ADAC Rallye Deutschland is a rally event held in Germany. The event was first held in 1982 and originally hosted by e.g. Frankfurt, Mainz and Koblenz. In 2000, the rally was relocated to the region around Trier. Previously part of the European and German championships, the event was in the World Rally Championship calendar from the 2002 season to 2020 season. The 2020 event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Whilst Rallye Deutschland has not returned to calendar since Germany has since 2023 co-hosted rally with Austria and the Czech Republic under the title of the Central European Rally.

Deutsche Rallye Meisterschaft
The Deutsche Rallye Meisterschaft (occasionally German Rally Championship or DRM) is Germany's and was West Germany's leading domestic motor rally competition. While having a background in dirt-surface off-road events the modern DRM is a tarmac rally competition, a condition it shares with Germany's World Rally Championship event Rallye Deutschland.
1979 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game
The 1979 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game was a postseason college football game between the Eastern Kentucky Colonels and the Lehigh Engineers (now the Lehigh Mountain Hawks). The game was played on December 15, 1979, at Orlando Stadium (now Camping World Stadium) in Orlando, Florida. The culminating game of the 1979 NCAA Division I-AA football season, it was won by Eastern Kentucky, 30–7.

1979 NCAA Division I-AA football season
The 1979 NCAA Division I-AA football season, part of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the Division I-AA level, began in August 1979, and concluded with the 1979 NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship Game on December 15, 1979, at Orlando Stadium in Orlando, Florida. The Eastern Kentucky Colonels won their first I-AA championship, defeating the Lehigh Engineers by a final score of 30−7.
Aulus Didius Gallus
Aulus Didius Gallus was a member of the Roman Senate and general active during the 1st century AD. He held a number of offices and imperial appointments, the most important of which were governor of Britain between 52 and 57 AD, proconsul of Asia, and suffect consul in the nundinium of September to December 39 as the colleague of Domitius Afer.

Gnaeus Domitius Afer
Gnaeus Domitius Afer (died 59) was a Roman orator and advocate, born at Nemausus (Nîmes) in Gallia Narbonensis.  He flourished in the reigns of Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius and Nero. He was suffect consul in the nundinium of September to December 39 as the colleague of Aulus Didius Gallus.
English Amateur Dancesport Association
The English Amateur Dancesport Association (EADA) Ltd is a volunteer-led organisation which represents the interests of Amateur Dancers (including Ballroom, Latin American, Sequence dancing and Freestyle) within England.  EADA provides support and training for Amateur dancers and acts as the voice of English Amateur dancers amongst other dance organisations both in the UK and overseas.  EADA also aims to get the younger audience involved and on the dance floor. EADA hopes to increase the profile of dancesport.

Dancesport
Dancesport (also stylized as DanceSport) is competitive dancing, as contrasted with social or exhibition dancing. The term dancesport encompasses many dance disciplines (e.g., Acrobatic Rock'n'Roll, Boogie Woogie, Breaking, Hip Hop, and Ballroom). Most dancesport disciplines are competed by couples, but there are solo styles (e.g., Breaking) and group styles (e.g., Formation dance). In the case of Para dancesport, at least one of the dancers is in a wheelchair.

Dancesport events are sanctioned and regulated by dancesport organizations at the national and international level, such as (for Ballroom dance) the World DanceSport Federation, the World Dance Council, and the World Dance Organization.

The name was invented to help competitive ballroom dancing gain Olympic recognition. The physical demand of dancesport has been the subject of scientific research.
Saint-Germain Castle
Saint-Germain Castle is a castle in the municipality of Gruyères of the Canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

In 1998 Swiss surrealist painter, sculptor and set designer H. R. Giger acquired the castle, and it now houses the H. R. Giger Museum and Bar, a permanent repository of his work. His wife, Carmen Maria Scheifele Giger, is the Director of the H.R. Giger Museum.

H. R. Giger
Hans Ruedi Giger (/ˈɡiːɡər/ GHEE-gər; German: [ˈɡiːɡɐ]; 5 February 1940 – 12 May 2014) was a Swiss artist best known for his airbrushed images that blended human physiques with machines, an art style known as "biomechanical". He was part of the special effects team that won an Academy Award for the visual design of Ridley Scott's 1979 sci-fi horror film Alien, and was responsible for creating the xenomorph alien itself. His work is on permanent display at the H. R. Giger Museum in Gruyères, Switzerland. His style has been adapted to many forms of media, including album covers, furniture, and music videos.
Cosmic Vision
Cosmic Vision is the third campaign of space science and space exploration missions in the Science Programme of the European Space Agency (ESA). Formulated in 2005 as Cosmic Vision: Space Science for Europe 2015–2025, the campaign succeeded the Horizon 2000 Plus campaign and envisioned a number of missions in the fields of astronomy and solar system exploration beyond 2015. Ten missions across four funding categories are planned to be launched under Cosmic Vision, with the first being CHEOPS in December 2019. A mission to the Galilean moons (JUICE), the first deep space mission with an opportunistic target (Comet Interceptor), and one of the first gravitational-wave space observatories (LISA), are planned for launch as part of the Cosmic Vision campaign.

Comet Interceptor
Comet Interceptor is a robotic spacecraft mission led by the European Space Agency (ESA) planned for launch sometime between August 2028 and July 2029. The spacecraft will be placed at the Sun-Earth L2 point and wait for up to three years for a long-period comet to fly by at a reachable trajectory and speed. The mission's primary science goal is "to characterise a dynamically-new comet including its surface composition, shape, structure, and the composition of its gas coma."
Ewoks: The Battle for Endor
Ewoks: The Battle for Endor is a 1985 American television film set in the Star Wars universe and co-written and directed by Jim and Ken Wheat from a story by George Lucas. A sequel to Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure, it focuses on Cindel Towani, the human girl from the first film, who, after being orphaned, joins the Ewoks in protecting their village and defeating the marauders who have taken control of the Endor moon. The film premiered on ABC on November 24, 1985.

Ken and Jim Wheat
Ken Wheat (born 1950) and Jim Wheat (born 1952) are an American screenwriting, producing, and directing duo. Mainly known for their horror films, the brothers co-wrote the slasher film The Silent Scream (1979), as well as A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master (1988) and The Fly II (1989). They wrote and directed the 1985 Star Wars television film Ewoks: The Battle for Endor and the 1989 anthology horror film After Midnight. They later devised the story and co-wrote the screenplay of the science fiction horror film Pitch Black (2000).
Stand Together
Stand Together is an American philanthropic organization that was first established in 2003 and is often referred to informally as the Koch network. It is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in Arlington, Virginia, and was founded by Charles Koch to assist philanthropic activities across the United States. Formerly known as the Seminar Network, its renaming as Stand Together was announced on May 20, 2019. The founding CEO is Brian Hooks.

Brian Hooks (nonprofit leader)
Brian Hooks is an American nonprofit executive who is CEO and chairman of Stand Together. He is also the president of the Charles Koch Foundation and president of the Stand Together Fellowship.

Hooks is currently on the boards of the Mercatus Center, the Cosmos Institute, the Economic Policy Innovation Center, the Institute for Humane Studies, the Reason Foundation, the Just Trust, Believe in People, and Movement Musick.
2019 Manila local elections
Manila held its local elections on Monday, May 13, 2019, as a part of the 2019 Philippine general election. Voters elected candidates for mayor, vice mayor, 6 congressmen, and the 36 councilors that would be members of the City Council. There are a total of 736,156 people who voted out of the 1,065,149 city's registered voters. Francisco "Isko Moreno" Domagoso won the elections, enabling him to serve a three-year term as the mayor of Manila. His running mate, the incumbent vice mayor Maria Sheilah "Honey" Lacuna-Pangan, once again topped the vice mayoral race, securing her to serve her second three-year term as the city's vice mayor.

Mayor of Manila
The City Mayor of Manila (Filipino: Punong Lungsod ng Maynila, sometimes referred to as, Alkalde ng Maynila) is the head of the executive branch of Manila's city government. The mayor holds office at Manila City Hall. Like all local government heads in the Philippines, the mayor is elected via popular vote, and may not be elected for a fourth consecutive term (although the former mayor may return to office after an interval of one term). In case of death, resignation or incapacity, the vice mayor becomes the mayor.
Chris Holdsworth
Chris Holdsworth (born October 24, 1987) is an American former mixed martial artist who competed in the Ultimate Fighting Championship. He was the winner of The Ultimate Fighter: Team Rousey vs. Team Tate.

The Ultimate Fighter: Team Rousey vs. Team Tate
The Ultimate Fighter: Team Rousey vs. Team Tate (also known as The Ultimate Fighter 18) is the eighteenth U.S.-based installment of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC)-produced reality television series The Ultimate Fighter.

The series was officially announced by the UFC in March 2013 with the revelation that for the first time women will serve as coaches and the contestants will be both male and female.   Women's Bantamweight Champion Ronda Rousey was selected to coach against the winner of the Miesha Tate and Cat Zingano bout on The Ultimate Fighter 17 finale in April 2013. Zingano won the fight, but a few weeks prior to filming was removed from the coaching position due to an injury and replaced by Tate.

The season was the first to air on Fox Sports 1 and debuted on September 4, 2013, and also the first time that it had been seen on BT Sport in the UK debuting on September 5, 2013 at 11PM also.
Guildford Slingsby
Guilford Slingsby (1610–1643) was a member of the Yorkshire gentry who was confidential secretary to Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, and present during the trial which ended in his execution in April 1641.

Slingsby sat in the Parliament of Ireland as Member of Parliament for Carysfort from 1634 to 1635, and during Strafford's period as Lord Deputy of Ireland was appointed to several administrative posts.

When the First English Civil War began in August 1642, he raised a regiment for the Royalist army in Northern England; he was badly wounded in a skirmish near Guisborough on 16 January 1643 and died three days later.

Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford
Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford (13 April 1593 (N.S.) – 12 May 1641), was an English statesman and a major figure in the period leading up to the English Civil War. He served in Parliament and was a supporter of King Charles I. From 1632 to 1640 he was Lord Deputy of Ireland, where he established a strong authoritarian rule. Recalled to England, he became a leading advisor to the King, attempting to strengthen the royal position against Parliament. When Parliament condemned Lord Strafford to death, Charles reluctantly signed the death warrant and Strafford was executed. He had been advanced several times in the Peerage of England during his career, being created 1st Baron Wentworth in 1628, 1st Viscount Wentworth in late 1628 or early 1629, and, finally, 1st Earl of Strafford in January 1640. He was known as Sir Thomas Wentworth, 2nd Baronet, between 1614 and 1628.
Elafina
Elafina (Greek: Ελαφίνα) is a former municipality in Pieria regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Katerini, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 160.690 km2. The population of the municipal unit was 3,553 in 2021. The seat of the municipality was in Palaio Keramidi.

Palaio Keramidi
Palaio Keramidi (Greek: Παλιό Κεραμίδι) is a village and a community of the Katerini municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Elafina, of which it was also the seat. The 2021 census recorded 795 inhabitants in the village.
Year XI system
The Year XI system (French:"Système An XI", after of the 11th year of the French Republic, i.e. 1803) was a French artillery system developed during the rule of Napoleon. The Year XI system was original in that it brought various improvements to the highly successful Gribeauval system, on which many successes of the Napoleonic Wars relied. It especially consisted in streamlining the existing Gribeauval designs. The main proponent of the new system was General Marmont.  It was superseded by the Valée system.

Valée system
The Valée system (French:"Système Valée") was an artillery system developed between 1825 and 1831 by the French artillery officer Sylvain Charles Valée, and officially adopted by the French Army from 1828.
Vakhtang II
Vakhtang II (Georgian: ვახტანგ II; died 1292), of the dynasty of Bagrationi, was king (mepe) of the Kingdom of Eastern Georgia from 1289 to 1292.

After the execution of Demetrius II of Georgia, Vakhtang was appointed king by Arghun on the advice of Khutlubuga, with the expectation that this would unify Georgia under Mongol rule. Vakhtang firmly assumed control of the kingdom and did not allow Khutlubuga to act arbitrarily, which led to hostility between them. Khutlubuga then opposed Vakhtang by supporting Demetrius II’s son, David, but this effort was unsuccessful. Vakhtang II died unexpectedly and was buried at Gelati.

Gelati Monastery
Gelati (Georgian: გელათის მონასტერი [g̊e̞ɫät̪ʰi]) is a medieval monastic complex near Kutaisi in the Imereti region of western Georgia. One of the first monasteries in Georgia, it was founded in 1106 by King David IV of Georgia as a monastic and educational center.

The monastery is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and was a cultural, educational and scientific center in medieval Georgia. It is an exemplar of the Georgian Golden Age and a gold aesthetic is employed in the paintings and buildings. It was built to celebrate the Orthodox Christian faith in Georgia; some murals found inside the Gelati Monastery church date back to the 12th century.
England national netball team
The England national netball team, also known as the Vitality Roses, represent England Netball in international netball tournaments such as the Netball World Cup, the Commonwealth Games, the Netball Quad Series, the Taini Jamison Trophy, the Fast5 Netball World Series and the European Netball Championship. They have also competed at the World Games. England made their Test debut in 1949. Their best result in a major tournament is a gold medal in the 2018 Commonwealth Games. As of 1 June 2025, England are ranked fourth in the World Netball Rankings.

Netball Europe Open Championships
The Netball Europe Open Championships was an international netball tournament organised by Netball Europe. It was originally known as the FENA Open. It was sometimes referred to as the  European Netball Championship. Its main four participants were England,  Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. England were the competitions most successful team, winning nearly every tournament. Later tournaments also featured guest teams from outside Europe such as Fiji, South Africa and Trinidad and Tobago. Second-level teams affiliated to Europe Netball compete in the Europe Netball Open Challenge.
Barry Le Va
Barry Edward Le Va (December 28, 1941 – January 24, 2021) was an American sculptor and installation artist. Trained in his native California, he lived and worked in New York City. Le Va was among the leading figures of post-studio and process art to have emerged in the late 1960s. His abstract sculptures, installations, drawings, and editioned works are featured in major art collections around the world.

Process art
Process art is an artistic movement where the end product of art and craft, the objet d’art (work of art/found object), is not the principal focus; the process of its making is one of the most relevant aspects if not the most important one: the gathering, sorting, collating, associating, patterning, and moreover the initiation of actions and proceedings. Process artists saw art as humans partnering with intrinsic material expression. Process art is primarily interested in demonstrating forces on matter and defends the idea that the process of creating the work of art can be an art piece itself. Artist Robert Morris  refers to the artistic approach as “anti-form”, meaning there is no inherent relation to the physical object.
Georgia State Route 20
State Route 20 (SR 20) is a 165.345-mile-long (266.097 km) state highway roughly in the shape of a capital J rotated ninety degrees to the left, which travels through portions of Floyd, Bartow, Cherokee, Forsyth, Gwinnett, Walton, Rockdale, Newton, and Henry counties in the northwestern and north-central parts of the U.S. state of Georgia. Its counterclockwise, or western terminus is at the Alabama state line in Floyd County, and its clockwise, or eastern terminus occurs at its interchange with Lower Woolsey Road southwest of Hampton in Henry County south-southeast of the Atlanta Motor Speedway.

Cherokee County, Georgia
Cherokee County is in the US state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census the population was 266,620. The county seat is Canton. The county Board of Commissioners is the governing body, with members elected to office. Cherokee County is included to be part of Metro Atlanta.
Anemoi
In ancient Greek religion and myth, the Anemoi (Ancient Greek: Ἄνεμοι, lit. 'Winds') were wind gods who were each ascribed a cardinal direction from which their respective winds came (see Classical compass winds), and were each associated with various nature, seasons and weather conditions. They were the progeny of the goddess of the dawn Eos and her husband, the god of the dusk, Astraeus.

Astraeus
In Greek mythology, Astraeus (/əˈstriːəs/) or Astraios (Ancient Greek: Ἀστραῖος, romanized: Astraîos, lit. 'starry') is the son of Crius and Eurybia and the consort of Eos (goddess of the dawn). He is said to be the father of the winds.
Caledonia Corvairs
The Caledonia Corvairs are a Canadian junior ice hockey team based in Caledonia, Ontario, Canada.  They played in the Golden Horseshoe Conference of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League. The team announced it would not participate in the 2018–19 season.

However the team returned to the GOJHL for the 2019–20 season with an entirety new group of players.

On May 23, 2012, the Brantford Eagles were transplanted to Caledonia, Ontario, and renamed the Caledonia Corvairs, the name of the long running Junior C team in the town.  The Eagles had been one of the most dominant teams in Junior B for the previous four seasons but lacked crowd support.

Caledonia Corvairs (1961–2012)
The Caledonia Corvairs were a Canadian junior hockey team based in Caledonia, Ontario, Canada.  They were playing in the Niagara & District Junior C Hockey League.

On May 23, 2012, the Brantford Eagles relocated and became the Junior B Caledonia Corvairs.  The Junior C team went on hiatus to make room for them.