hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abdul Ghafur Muhiuddin Shah of Pahang
Sultan Abdul Ghafur Muhiuddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Kadir Alauddin Shah was the 12th Sultan of Pahang reigning from 1592 to 1614. He was originally appointed as regent for his younger half-brother of a royal mother, Ahmad Shah II after the death of their father, Sultan Abdul Kadir Alauddin Shah in 1590. Two years later he deposed his half-brother and assumed power.

He is credited for the establishment of the Hukum Kanun Pahang (Pahang Laws) which was compiled and became the basis for the legal administration for Pahang, and later Johor.

Ahmad Shah II of Pahang
Sultan Ahmad Shah II ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Kadir Alauddin Shah (died 1617) was the 11th Sultan of Pahang reigning from 1590 to 1592. Known as Raja Ahmad before his accession, he was  the only son of the tenth Sultan of Pahang, Abdul Kadir Alauddin Shah, by a royal wife. He succeeded his father on his death in 1590 and reigned under the regency of his elder half-brother, Raja Abdul Ghafur.

In the interregnum period following the death of Sultan Abdul Ghafur Muhiuddin Shah in 1614, Pahang descended into chaos and was conquered by the Aceh Sultanate under Sultan Iskandar Muda in 1617. The former Sultan Ahmad Shah II and his family was taken as hostages to Aceh, where he died after 1617. Ahmad Shah's eldest son, Raja Mughal later known as Iskandar Thani was married to Iskandar Muda's daughter, the later Queen Taj ul-Alam and eventually succeeded him as the 13th Sultan of Aceh in 1636.
Dessert spoon
Serving spoon

Tablespoon (tbsp.)

Dessert spoon (dsp.)

Teaspoon (tsp.)

A dessert spoon is a spoon designed specifically for eating dessert. Similar in size to a soup spoon (intermediate between a teaspoon and a tablespoon) but with an oval rather than round bowl, it typically has a capacity around twice that of a teaspoon.

By extension, the term "dessert spoon" is used as a cooking measure of volume, usually of 10 millilitres (mL), 1⁄3 US fl oz, or 1⁄4 imp fl oz.

Teaspoon
Serving spoon

Tablespoon (tbsp.)

Dessert spoon (dsp.)

Teaspoon (tsp.)

A teaspoon (tsp.) is a small spoon that can be used to stir a cup of tea or coffee, or as a tool for measuring volume. The size of teaspoons ranges from about 2.5 to 7.3 mL (0.088 to 0.257 imp fl oz; 0.085 to 0.247 US fl oz). For dosing of medicine and, in places where metric units are used, for cooking purposes, a teaspoonful is defined as 5 mL (0.18 imp fl oz; 0.17 US fl oz), and standard measuring spoons are used.
Liz Watts
Liz Watts is an Australian film producer. She is best known for the 2010 drama film Animal Kingdom, and was a founding partner of Porchlight Films (1997–2020). After developing some projects through her own company, Spirit Pictures, she was appointed head of film and television (Australia) at See Saw Films in December 2021.

Vincent Sheehan (producer)
Vincent Sheehan is an Australian film producer. He was also co-creator of the 2016 sci-fi drama series The Kettering Incident (2016) and the comedy series Fisk, co-created by and starring Kitty Flanagan. Sheehan was a founding partner in Porchlight Films (1997–2020), before establishing his own production company, Origma 45.
Anglo-Persian capture of Hormuz
The Capture of Hormuz (Persian: بازپس گیری هرمز) was a combined Anglo-Persian expedition that successfully captured the Portuguese fortress at Hormuz Island after a ten-week siege, thus opening up Persian trade with England in the Persian Gulf. Before the capture of Hormuz, the Portuguese had held the Castle of Hormuz for more than a century, since 1507 when Afonso de Albuquerque established it in the capture of Hormuz, giving them full control of the trade between India and Europe through the Persian Gulf. The capture of Hormuz transformed the balance of power and trade.

As England was not technically at war with Portugal (in the Iberian Union with Spain), news of Hormuz's capture resulted in political tensions between Spain and England.

Portuguese conquest of Hormuz
The Portuguese conquest of Hormuz in 1507 occurred when the Portuguese Afonso de Albuquerque attacked Hormuz Island to establish the Fortress of Hormuz. This conquest gave the Portuguese full control of the trade between India and Europe passing through the Persian Gulf.
Glassmanor, Maryland
Glassmanor is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 18,430. In the 1990 and 2000 censuses, the United States Census Bureau had placed Glassmanor and the adjacent community of Oxon Hill in the "Oxon Hill-Glassmanor" census-designated place for statistical purposes. Glassmanor was last delineated separately in 1980, when the CDP recorded a population of 7,751.

The original Glassmanor apartments were built circa 1950 by the Glassman company, just outside the border of southeast Washington. In the mid-1950s, the Eastover shopping center was built across the highway, followed by other adjoining apartment projects in the 1960s. U.S. Senator George McGovern, who was the Democratic Party's presidential candidate in 1972, lived briefly in Glassmanor while a freshman congressman. The area has undergone tremendous demographic and social changes since that time.

Oxon Hill, Maryland
Oxon Hill is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in southern Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. Oxon Hill is a close suburb of Washington, located southeast of the downtown district and east of Alexandria, Virginia. In 2008, the 300-acre (120 ha) National Harbor development on the shore of the Potomac River opened in Oxon Hill; it has since become a CDP of its own.

For the 1990 and 2000 censuses, the United States Census Bureau defined a census-designated place consisting of Oxon Hill and the adjacent community of Glassmanor, designated Oxon Hill-Glassmanor, for statistical purposes. As of the 2010 census, Oxon Hill was delineated separately and had a population of 17,722. Per the 2020 census, the population was 18,791.
Formula One 06
Formula One 06 (also known as Formula One 2006 Portable for PlayStation Portable in Japan) is a racing video game developed by Studio Liverpool and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable. It is a sequel to the 2005 video game Formula One 05 and was based on the 2006 Formula One World Championship.

Formula One 05
Formula One 05 is a 2005 racing video game developed by Studio Liverpool and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. It is a sequel to the 2004 video game Formula One 04 and was based on the 2005 Formula One World Championship.
Endeavour (yacht)
Endeavour is a J-class yacht built for the 1934 America's Cup by Camper and Nicholson in Gosport, England. She was built for Thomas Sopwith who used his aviation design expertise to ensure the yacht was the most advanced of its day with a steel hull and mast. She was 130-foot (40 m) and launched in 1934 and won many races in her first season including against the J's Velsheda and Shamrock V. She failed in her America's Cup challenge against the American defender Rainbow but came closer to lifting the cup than any other until Australia II succeeded in 1983.

Shamrock V
Shamrock V is a British J-class yacht. She was the first British yacht to be built to the new J-Class rule. She was commissioned by Sir Thomas Lipton for his fifth America's Cup challenge. Although refitted several times, Shamrock is the only original J-class never to have fallen into dereliction.
Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux
Antoine Raymond Joseph de Bruni, chevalier d'Entrecasteaux (French: [dɑ̃tʁ(ə)kasto]; 8 November 1737 – 21 July 1793) was a French Navy officer, explorer and colonial administrator who served as the Governor of Isle de France from 1787 to 1789. He is best known for his exploration of the Australian coast in 1792 while searching for Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse.

Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse
Chef d'escadre Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French: [lapeʁuz]; 23 August 1741 – c. 1788) was a French Navy officer and explorer. Having enlisted in the Navy at the age of 15, he had a successful career and in 1785 was appointed to lead a scientific expedition around the world. His ships stopped in Chile, Hawaii, Alaska, California, Macau, the Philippines, Korea, Russia, Japan, Samoa, Tonga, and Australia before wrecking on the reefs of Vanikoro in the Solomon Islands.
Tomb Raider: Curse of the Sword
Tomb Raider: Curse of the Sword is an action-adventure video game, part of the Tomb Raider series, developed by Core Design and published by Activision under license from Eidos Interactive. It was released for the Game Boy Color in 2001, and is a sequel to the first Tomb Raider for the same system. The next Tomb Raider game for a handheld system was Tomb Raider: The Prophecy for the Game Boy Advance.

Tomb Raider (Game Boy Color video game)
Tomb Raider (also known as Tomb Raider: The Nightmare Stone) is a 2000 action-adventure video game developed by Core Design and published by THQ for the Game Boy Color under license from series owner Eidos Interactive. Following series protagonist Lara Croft as she searches ruins in South America for a powerful artefact, the gameplay features platforming and puzzle-solving on a 2D side-scrolling environment.

Tomb Raider was the debut entry for the series on Nintendo platforms, with it being described by developers and journalists as technically impressive for the platform. It sold well for THQ, and was praised by critics for its technical achievements and emulation of the main series gameplay in portable form. Two sequels were released: Curse of the Sword in 2001 and The Prophecy in 2002.
Minor Occultation
The Minor Occultation (Arabic: الغيبة الصغرى, al-Ghayba al-Ṣughrā), also known as the First Occultation (Arabic: الغيبة الأولى, al-Ghayba al-Ūlā), refers in Twelver Shia Islam to a period of nearly seventy years (874–941 CE, 260–329 AH) during which the Hidden Imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi, is believed to have communicated regularly with his followers through four successive agents. This period was followed by the Major Occultation (941–present), where there is no agent of the Hidden Imam, whose reappearance is expected by the Twelvers to fill the earth with justice and peace in the end of time.

Four Deputies
The Four Deputies (Arabic: النواب الأربعة, al-Nuwāb al-Arbaʿa) were the four individuals who are believed by the Twelvers to have successively represented their twelfth Imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi, during his Minor Occultation (874–941 CE). They were also known as the Gates (Arabic: أبواب, romanized: abw'ab), the Sufaraʾ (Arabic: سفراء, lit. 'emissaries'), or the Wukalaʾ (Arabic: وكلاء, lit. 'agents').
Ocho apellidos catalanes
Spanish Affair 2 (Spanish: Ocho apellidos catalanes; transl. 'Eight Catalan Surnames') is a 2015 Spanish comedy film directed by Emilio Martínez-Lázaro. It is the sequel to the 2014 box-office hit Spanish Affair, with the four main actors reprising their characters.

Spanish Affair (2014 film)
Spanish Affair (Spanish: Ocho apellidos vascos; lit. 'Eight Basque surnames') is a 2014 Spanish comedy film directed by Emilio Martínez-Lázaro. It premiered in Spain on 14 March 2014. Six weeks after its release, it became the second biggest box-office hit ever in Spain, behind Avatar.
Quasi-realism
Quasi-realism is the meta-ethical view which claims that:

Ethical sentences do not express propositions.

Instead, ethical sentences project emotional attitudes as though they were real properties.

This makes quasi-realism a form of non-cognitivism or expressivism. Quasi-realism stands in opposition to other forms of non-cognitivism (such as emotivism and universal prescriptivism), as well as to all forms of cognitivism (including both moral realism and ethical subjectivism).

Expressivism
In meta-ethics, expressivism is a theory about the meaning of moral language. According to expressivism, sentences that employ moral terms – for example, "It is wrong to torture an innocent human being" – are not descriptive or fact-stating; moral terms such as "wrong", "good", or "just" do not refer to real, in-the-world properties. The primary function of moral sentences, according to expressivism, is not to assert any matter of fact but rather to express an evaluative attitude toward an object of evaluation. Because the function of moral language is non-descriptive, moral sentences do not have any truth conditions. Hence, expressivists either do not allow that moral sentences have truth value, or rely on a notion of truth that does not appeal to any descriptive truth conditions being met for moral sentences.
Adi Shamir
Adi Shamir (Hebrew: עדי שמיר; born July 6, 1952) is an Israeli cryptographer and inventor. He is a co-inventor of the Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA) algorithm (along with Ron Rivest and Len Adleman), a co-inventor of the Feige–Fiat–Shamir identification scheme (along with Uriel Feige and Amos Fiat), one of the inventors of differential cryptanalysis and has made numerous contributions to the fields of cryptography and computer science. In 2002, Ron Rivest, Len Adleman, and he won the ACM Turing Award.

Leonard Adleman
Leonard Adleman (born December 31, 1945) is an American computer scientist. He is one of the creators of the RSA encryption algorithm, for which he received the 2002 Turing Award. He is also known for the creation of the field of DNA computing and coining the term computer virus.
Kentucky Route 2831
Kentucky Route 2831 (KY 2831) is a 3.056-mile (4.918 km) state highway in Owensboro, Daviess County, Kentucky. It runs from U.S. Routes 60 and 431 in southern Owensboro to West Fifth Street (KY 2245) and Frederica Streets in downtown.

U.S. Route 431 in Kentucky
U.S. Route 431 (US 431) in Kentucky runs 86.93 miles (139.90 km) from the Tennessee state line south of Adairville to US 60 at Owensboro. It crosses the state in mainly west-central portions of the state, passing through or near towns such as Russellville, Lewisburg, Central City and Livermore. The route goes through Logan, Muhlenberg, McLean, and Daviess counties.
Satan's Choice Motorcycle Club
Satan's Choice Motorcycle Club (SCMC) is a Canadian outlaw motorcycle club. Once the dominant outlaw club in Ontario, with twelve chapters based in the province, and another in Montreal, Quebec, at its peak strength in 1977. Satan's Choice grew to more than 400 members by 1970, making it the second largest outlaw motorcycle club in the world, behind only the Hells Angels.

The club was involved in the first major outlaw biker conflict in Canadian history, when it engaged the country's second largest club, the Popeyes, from 1974 to 1976. Satan's Choice's power began to diminish during the late 1970s, with some of the club's chapters "patching over" to the Outlaws in 1977. The remaining chapters would eventually become members of the Hells Angels, along with most of the other major outlaw clubs in Ontario, in 2000. In 2017 the club was reactivated briefly but quickly shut down. In 2025 the club was reactivated by Harley Davidson Guindon, son of former President Bernie Guindon.

Outlaws Motorcycle Club
The Outlaws Motorcycle Club, incorporated as the American Outlaws Association or its acronym, A.O.A., is an international outlaw motorcycle club. Founded in McCook, Illinois, in 1935, the Outlaws MC is the oldest outlaw biker club in the world. With 441 chapters located in 43 countries, and a membership of over 5,000, the club is also the second-largest in the world, behind the Hells Angels. Outlaws members typically ride Harley-Davidson motorcycles.

The club is designated an organized crime syndicate by numerous law enforcement and international intelligence agencies, including the United States Department of Justice, the Criminal Intelligence Service Canada, and Europol.
Dettol antiseptic liquid
Dettol antiseptic liquid is a product produced by the Dettol Brand for Reckitt. It is light yellow in color in the concentrated form but, as several of the ingredients are insoluble in water, it produces a milky emulsion of oil droplets when diluted with water, exhibiting the ouzo effect. Chloroxylenol comprises 4.8% of the admixture, with pine oil, isopropanol, castor oil, soap and water.

At first, this product was almost given the moniker "PCMX", after its active ingredient para-chloro-meta-xylenol. It would go on to become the first product in this very popular product line with its depiction of a white sword on a green bottle.

Dettol
Dettol is a brand line of products used for disinfection and as an antiseptic. This brand was created with the introduction of Dettol antiseptic liquid in 1933 by the British-Dutch concern Reckitt Benckiser. The Dettol brand line has been expanded over the years and now includes products containing many different active ingredients. The name Dettol was invented by British scientist Lloyd Roake.
Rochester Americans
The Rochester Americans (colloquially known as the Amerks) are a professional ice hockey team based in Rochester, New York. They are the American Hockey League affiliate of the National Hockey League's Buffalo Sabres. The team plays its home games at the Blue Cross Arena at the War Memorial. The Americans are the fourth oldest franchise in the AHL, and have the second longest continuous tenure among AHL teams in their current locations after the Hershey Bears.

Rochester was awarded a new franchise in June 1956, when the Pittsburgh Hornets were forced to suspend operations after their arena, the Duquesne Gardens was razed in an urban renewal project. With the Hornets franchise in limbo until a new arena could be built, there was room in the league for a team in Rochester.

The Americans' team colors are red, white and blue. The logo is a patriotic badge with "Americans" written in cursive script. They have won the Calder Cup six times, and lost in the Cup finals ten times.

Blue Cross Arena
Blue Cross Arena, also known as the War Memorial, is a multi-purpose indoor arena located in Rochester, New York. For hockey and lacrosse, its seating capacity is 10,662. The arena opened on October 18, 1955, as the Rochester Community War Memorial. It was renovated in the mid-1990s and reopened as The Blue Cross Arena at the War Memorial, on September 18, 1998. It is home to the Rochester Americans of the American Hockey League and the Rochester Knighthawks of the National Lacrosse League.
ISO 3166-2:CY
ISO 3166-2:CY is the entry for Cyprus in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Cyprus, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for six districts (el: επαρχίες, eparchies; tr: kaza).

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is CY, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Cyprus. The second part is two digits (01–06).

Districts of Cyprus
Cyprus is divided into six districts (Greek: επαρχίες; Turkish: ilçe), whose capitals share the same name. The districts are subdivided into municipalities and communities. The districts of Cyprus are listed in the table below.

Note: Northern Cyprus-controlled lands are included in the area figures, but population was not enumerated there. The UN Buffer Zone is included in both population and area figures.  Akrotiri and Dhekelia are not included in the area figures, but non-military Cypriot citizens residing there were enumerated.
Martha Jefferson
Martha Skelton Jefferson (née Wayles; October 30, 1748 – September 6, 1782) was the wife of Thomas Jefferson from 1772 until her death in 1782. She served as First Lady of Virginia during Jefferson's term as governor from 1779 to 1781. She died in 1782, 19 years before he became president.

Of the six children born to Thomas and Martha, only two survived to adulthood, Martha and Mary. Martha died four months after the birth of her last child. The couple's letters to one another were burned, though by whom is unknown, and Thomas rarely spoke of her, so she remains a somewhat enigmatic figure. (Similarly, Jefferson did not speak much of his mother, Jane Randolph Jefferson.)

As a widower, Thomas had a long-standing relationship and children with Martha's half-sister, Sally Hemings, an enslaved woman who was three-quarters white by descent.

Mary Jefferson Eppes
Mary Jefferson Eppes (August 1, 1778 – April 17, 1804), known as Polly in childhood and Maria as an adult, was the younger of Thomas Jefferson's two daughters with his wife who survived beyond the age of 3. She married a first cousin, John Wayles Eppes, and had three children with him. Only their son Francis W. Eppes survived childhood. Maria died months after childbirth.
2 Kings 10
2 Kings 10 is the tenth chapter of the second part of the  Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the Second Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter records Jehu's massacres of the sons of Ahab, the kinsmen of Ahaziah the king of Judah and the Baal worshippers linked to Jezebel. The narrative is a part of a major section 2 Kings 9:1–15:12 covering the period of Jehu's dynasty.

2 Kings 9
2 Kings 9 is the ninth chapter of the second part of the Books of Kings in the Hebrew Bible or the Second Book of Kings in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is a compilation of various annals recording the acts of the kings of Israel and Judah by a Deuteronomic compiler in the seventh century BCE, with a supplement added in the sixth century BCE. This chapter records Jehu's anointing as the next king of Israel and his assassinations of Jehoram of Israel, Ahaziah of Judah and Jezebel, the queen mother of Israel. The narrative is a part of a major section 2 Kings 9:1–15:12 covering the period of Jehu's dynasty.
Honey Creek (Platte River tributary)
Honey Creek is a stream in Taylor County, Iowa and Nodaway County, Missouri in the United States. It is a tributary of the Platte River and is 49.7 miles (80.0 km) long.

There are three named direct tributaries:  Morgan Branch,  Hog Branch, Wolf Pen Branch, and Fox Branch.

Honey Creek was so named on account of honeybees near its course.

Platte River (Iowa and Missouri)
The Platte River is a tributary of the Missouri River and is 195.5 miles (314.6 km) long. It is located in southwestern Iowa and northwestern Missouri in the United States and is also known as  Little Platte River to distinguish it from the larger Platte River, also a tributary of the Missouri, in nearby Nebraska. The Platte River of Missouri itself has a tributary known as the Little Platte River.
Baseline (sea)
A baseline, as defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is the line along the coast from which the outer limits of a state's territorial sea and certain other maritime zones of jurisdiction are measured, such as a state's exclusive economic zone.

Territorial waters
Territorial waters are informally an area of water where a sovereign state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone, and potentially the extended continental shelf (these components are sometimes collectively called the maritime zones). In a narrower sense, the term is often used as a synonym for the territorial sea.

Vessels have different rights and duties when passing through each area defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), one of the most ratified treaties. States cannot exercise their jurisdiction in waters beyond the exclusive economic zone, which are known as the high seas.