hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of La Rochelle
The siege of La Rochelle (French: le siège de La Rochelle, or sometimes le grand siège de La Rochelle) was a result of a war between the French royal forces of King Louis XIII and the Huguenots of La Rochelle in 1627–1628. The siege marked the height of the struggle between the Catholics and the Protestants in France, and ended with a complete victory for Louis XIII and the Catholics.

Huguenot rebellions
The Huguenot rebellions, sometimes called the Rohan Wars after the Huguenot leader Henri de Rohan, were a series of rebellions of the 1620s in which French Calvinist Protestants (Huguenots), mainly located in southwestern France, revolted against royal authority. The uprising occurred a decade after the death of Henry IV who, himself originally a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism, had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. His successor Louis XIII, under the regency of his Italian Catholic mother Marie de' Medici, became more intolerant of Protestantism. The Huguenots responded by establishing independent political and military structures, establishing diplomatic contacts with foreign powers, and openly revolting against central power. The Huguenot rebellions came after two decades of internal peace under Henry IV, following the intermittent French Wars of Religion of 1562–1598.
Santa Clara Indian Reservation
The Santa Clara Pueblo (Tewa: Kha'p'oe Ówîngeh) is an Indian reservation in north-central New Mexico, United States. It is the homeland of a branch of the Pueblo people (Tewa) of Native Americans. The reservation lies on 76.73 sq mi (198.729 km2) of southern Rio Arriba, northeastern Sandoval, and northern Santa Fe Counties. It includes the community (census designated place) of Santa Clara Pueblo, as well as parts of three other communities. The total population living on Santa Clara Pueblo land as of the 2000 census was 10,658 persons. Most of the population lives in the northeastern corner of the reservation. The largest community on reservation land is the city of Española, although a part of the city is not on reservation territory.

Santa Clara Pueblo, New Mexico
Santa Clara Pueblo (in Tewa: Khaʼpʼoe Ówîngeh [xɑ̀ʔp’òː ʔówîŋgè]) "Singing Water Village", also known as "Village of Wild Roses" is a census-designated place (CDP) in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, United States and a federally recognized tribe of Native American Pueblo people.

The pueblo is a member of the Eight Northern Pueblos, and the people are from the Tewa ethnic group of Native Americans who speak the Rio Grande Tewa language. The pueblo is on the Rio Grande, between Ohkay Owingeh (formerly San Juan Pueblo) to the north and San Ildefonso Pueblo (P'ohwhóge Owingeh) to the south.

Santa Clara Pueblo is famous for producing hand-crafted pottery, specifically blackware and redware with deep engravings. The pueblo is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Necklace (combinatorics)
In combinatorics, a k-ary necklace of length n is an equivalence class of n-character strings over an alphabet of size k, taking all rotations as equivalent. It represents a structure with n circularly connected beads which have k available colors.

A k-ary bracelet, also referred to as a turnover (or free) necklace, is a necklace such that strings may also be equivalent under reflection. That is, given two strings, if each is the reverse of the other, they belong to the same equivalence class. For this reason, a necklace might also be called a fixed necklace to distinguish it from a turnover necklace.

Formally, one may represent a necklace as an orbit of the cyclic group acting on n-character strings over an alphabet of size k, and a bracelet as an orbit of the dihedral group. One can count these orbits, and thus necklaces and bracelets, using Pólya's enumeration theorem.

Pólya enumeration theorem
The Pólya enumeration theorem, also known as the Redfield–Pólya theorem and Pólya counting, is a theorem in combinatorics that both follows from and ultimately generalizes Burnside's lemma on the number of orbits of a group action on a set. The theorem was first published by J. Howard Redfield in 1927. In 1937 it was independently rediscovered by George Pólya, who then greatly popularized the result by applying it to many counting problems, in particular to the enumeration of chemical compounds.

The Pólya enumeration theorem has been incorporated into symbolic combinatorics and the theory of combinatorial species.
Semiabelian group
Semiabelian groups are a class of groups first introduced by Thompson (1984) and named by Matzat (1987). It appears in Galois theory, in the study of the inverse Galois problem or the embedding problem which is a generalization of the former.

Inverse Galois problem
In Galois theory, the inverse Galois problem concerns whether or not every finite group appears as the Galois group of some Galois extension of the rational numbers . This problem, first posed in the early 19th century, is unsolved.

There are some permutation groups for which generic polynomials are known, which define all algebraic extensions of  having a particular group as Galois group. These groups include all of degree no greater than 5. There also are groups known not to have generic polynomials, such as the cyclic group of order 8.

More generally, let G be a given finite group, and K a field. If there is a Galois extension field L/K whose Galois group is isomorphic to G, one says that G is realizable over K.
Djamila Bouhired
Djamila Bouhired (Arabic: جميلة بوحيرد, born June 1935) is an Algerian nationalist militant, who opposed the French colonial rule of Algeria as a member of the National Liberation Front.

In 1957, she was convicted alongside another Algerian rebel, Djamila Bouazza, of bombing a cafe and killing 11 people. She was sentenced to death, but the sentence was commuted after an international campaign for her to be spared, and she was released from prison in 1962.

Djamila Bouazza
Djamila Bouazza (Arabic: جميلة بوعزة; 1938 – 12 June 2015), also spelled Jamila Bouaza, was an Algerian militant who supported Algerian nationalism, opposing French colonial rule. She is remembered for planting a bomb in April 1957 on the terrace of the Coq Hardi café in Algiers, killing four people and injuring many more. She was initially sentenced to death by a French military court but was finally released in 1962 under the Évian Accords.
Ajit Singh (Sikhism)
Ajit Singh (Punjabi: ਅਜੀਤ ਸਿੰਘ, pronunciation: [äːd͡ʒiːt sɪ́ŋgᵊ]; 11 February 1687 – 7 December 1704), also referred to with honorifics as Sahibzada Ajit Singh or Baba Ajit Singh, was the eldest son of Guru Gobind Singh and the son of Mata Sundari. His younger brothers were Jujhar Singh, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh, but they had been born to Mata Jito. He was killed in the Second Battle of Chamkaur along with his brother Jujhar Singh. His other two brothers, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh, nine and seven years old, respectively, were bricked alive at Fatehgarh Sahib on order of Wazir Khan, governor of Sirhind-Fategarh.

Jujhar Singh
Jujhar Singh
(Punjabi: ਸਾਹਿਬਜ਼ਾਦਾ ਜੁਝਾਰ ਸਿੰਘ, pronunciation: [säːɦɪbd͡ʒäːd̪ɛ d͡ʒʒjäːɝ sɪ́ŋgᵊ]; 9 April 1691 – 23 December 1704), the second son of Gobind Singh, was born to Mata Jito at Anandpur Sahib. This event is now celebrated on April 9 each year according to the Nanakshahi Calendar.
Altoman Vojinović
Altoman Vojinović (Serbian: Алтоман Војиновић;[a] fl. 1335–59) was a Serbian magnate (velikaš) who served Emperor Stefan Dušan (r. 1331–55) as župan ("count") and Emperor Uroš V (r. 1355–71) as veliki župan ("grand count"). His father Vojin was a general (vojvoda) with the title of knez, while his younger brother Vojislav also had the title of knez.

Vojin (magnate)
Vojin of Gacko or Vojvoda Vojin (Serbian: Војвода Војин; fl. 1322–1347[a]) was a Serbian magnate (velikaš) and voivode (military commander equivalent to duke), who was holding the area around Gacko, which was part of Hum, ca.1322-1347. He was in service of King Stephen Uroš III Dečanski (r. 1322–1331) and Emperor Stephen Dušan the Mighty (r. 1331-1355). He is described as one of the most important nobles (velmoža) of King Stephen, and when the King and his son Dušan entered a succession war, Vojin supported the son. Vojin plundered Dubrovnik in August 1325, and took part in the Battle of Velbazhd (1330), and the southern military campaigns of the Serbian Empire.

Vojin is the eponymous founder of the Vojinović noble family, which eventually became one of the most powerful families as provincial lords during the fall of the Serbian Empire. His sons Altoman and Vojislav were recognized as overlords of the Hum region. His daughter Vojislava married nobleman Brajko Branivojević.
Tezonisi
Tezonisi (Georgian: ტეზონისი) is a vanished village in the historical Tao region. The settlement is located within the boundaries of the Sarısaz neighborhood of the Oltu district of Erzurum Province in Turkey.

Sarısaz, Oltu
Sarısaz is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Oltu, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 136 (2022).

The settlement area of Tezonisi, a vanished village, is within the borders of Sarısaz village.
Mahantango Formation
The Devonian Mahantango Formation is a mapped bedrock unit in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Maryland. It is named for the North branch of the Mahantango Creek in Perry and Juniata counties in Pennsylvania. It is a member of the Hamilton Group, along with the underlying the Marcellus Formation Shale. South of Tuscarora Mountain in south central Pennsylvania, the lower members of this unit were also mapped as the Montebello Formation.
Details of the type section and of stratigraphic nomenclature for this unit as used by the U.S. Geological Survey are available on-line at the National Geologic Map Database.

Marcellus Formation
The Marcellus Formation or the Marcellus Shale is a Middle Devonian age unit of sedimentary rock found in eastern North America.  Named for a distinctive outcrop near the village of Marcellus, New York,
it extends throughout much of the Appalachian Basin.

The unit name usage by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) includes Marcellus Shale and Marcellus Formation.  The term "Marcellus Shale" is the preferred name throughout most of the Appalachian region, although the term "Marcellus Formation" is also acceptable within the State of Pennsylvania. The unit was first described and named as the "Marcellus shales" by J. Hall in 1839.
Karepiro Bay
Karepiro Bay is a bay of the Hauraki Gulf / Tīkapa Moana in the Auckland Region, New Zealand. It found between the Whangaparāoa Peninsula and North Shore, and is the mouth of the Weiti River and Ōkura River.

Ōkura River
The Ōkura River, also known as the Ōkura Estuary, is a river in the north of the Auckland Region in the North Island of New Zealand. The river rises in the low hills to the south of Silverdale and flows into Karepiro Bay on the Hauraki Gulf / Tīkapa Moana. The river is extremely tidal with only a narrow channel being navigable by small craft at low tide. The area is popular for horse riding, riders wait till low tide and then ford the boating channel to ride the estuary and beaches on the northern side.
Kasagake
Kasagake or Kasakake (笠懸, lit. "hat shooting") is a type of Japanese mounted archery. In contrast to yabusame, the types of targets are various and the archer shoots without stopping the horse. While yabusame has been played as a part of formal ceremonies, kasagake has developed as a game or practice of martial arts, focusing on technical elements of horse archery.

Yabusame
Yabusame (流鏑馬) is a type of mounted archery in traditional Japanese archery. An archer on a running horse shoots three special "turnip-headed" arrows (Kabura-ya) successively at three wooden targets.

This style of archery has its origins at the beginning of the Kamakura period. Minamoto no Yoritomo became alarmed at the lack of archery skills his samurai possessed. He organized yabusame as a form of practice.

Nowadays, the best places to see yabusame performed are at the Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū in Kamakura and Shimogamo Shrine in Kyoto (during Aoi Matsuri in early May). It is also performed in Samukawa and on the beach at Zushi, as well as other locations.
81st Field Artillery Regiment (PA)
81st Field Artillery Regiment is a reserve unit of Philippine Commonwealth Army activated in August 1941 as part of 81st Infantry Division. It was organized and inducted in Cebu out of reserve soldiers and officers.

81st Division (Philippines)
The 81st Infantry Division was a reserve division of the Philippine Army under the United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE). It was established in the prewar period and fought 1941–1942. Its troops are from Cebu, Bohol, and Leyte but most of its troops are Americans and junior officers are Filipinos coming mostly from Luzon. The division served in defense of Mindanao but it never commanded the 4 of its maneuver regiments but was supplemented with 61st Infantry from Panay and 73rd Infantry from Negros. Also, 2nd Regular Regiment was transferred to its command in the early part of Japanese invasion of Mindanao.
Hokkons Baules
Hokkons Baules (born 7 June 1948) is a Palauan businessman and a politician, and currently a member of the Senate of Palau. He has been the president of the Senate since 19 January 2017. He was elected in 2008 to fill the seat of the late Senate president Johnny Reklai. He had previously served in the Senate of the Second Olbiil Era Kelulau from 1985 until 1988.

Johnny Reklai
Johnny Reklai (1 July 1948 – 11 March 2007) was a Palauan businessman and politician. He was elected as the President of the Senate of Palau in April 2005. He died in a boating accident, at the time of his death he was serving as the President of the Senate of Palau. He was succeeded in that office by Surangel S. Whipps, and his seat was filled by Hokkons Baules.

He attended the University of Guam. He was first elected to the House of Delegates of Palau in 1980.
Dead Rabbits
The Dead Rabbits were an Irish American criminal street gang active in Lower Manhattan in the 1830s to 1850s. The Dead Rabbits were so named after a dead rabbit was thrown into the center of the room during a gang meeting, prompting some members to treat this as an omen, withdraw, and form an independent gang. Their battle symbol was a dead rabbit on a pike. They often clashed with Nativist political groups who viewed Irish Catholics as a threatening and criminal subculture. The Dead Rabbits were given the nicknames of "Mulberry Boys" and the "Mulberry Street Boys" by the New York City Police Department because they were known to have operated along Mulberry Street in the Five Points.

Tyler Anbinder, an American historian, claims that the Dead Rabbits did not exist as a gang and were actually misidentified members of the Roach Guards.

Roach Guards
The Roach Guards were an ethnically Irish criminal gang in the Five Points neighborhood of New York City in the early to mid-19th century. The gang was originally formed to protect New York liquor merchants in Five Points and soon began committing robbery and murder. The Roach Guards took their name from their founder and leader Ted Roach.

The Roach Guards began fighting with rivals the Bowery Boys.  Some former Roach Guard members were called the Dead Rabbits by the media. The internal feud was especially violent as they fought over the Five Points area.  Despite constant fighting, they managed to hold their own in the "slugger battles" against the more organized and disciplined "Bowery Boys". The Roach Guards, however, began to decline during the 1850s, disappearing entirely by the end of the American Civil War in 1865.
William Dethick
Sir William Dethick (c. 1542–1612) was a long-serving officer of arms at the College of Arms in London. He was the son of Sir Gilbert Dethick and followed his father as Garter Principal King of Arms. Though he was adjudged a qualified armorist and antiquarian, Dethick's biography is notable for numerous instances of conflict with his colleagues and others.

Gilbert Dethick
Sir Gilbert Dethick FSA (c. 1510 – 3 October 1584) was a long-serving English officer of arms at the College of Arms in London. He would eventually rise to the highest heraldic office in England and serve as Garter Principal King of Arms.
HMS Terror (1813)
HMS Terror was a specialised warship and a newly developed bomb vessel constructed for the Royal Navy in 1813. She participated in several battles of the War of 1812, including the Battle of Baltimore with the bombardment of Fort McHenry. She was converted into a polar exploration ship two decades later, and participated in George Back's Arctic expedition of 1836–1837, the successful Ross expedition to the Antarctic of 1839 to 1843, and Sir John Franklin's ill-fated attempt to force the Northwest Passage in 1845, during which she was lost with all hands along with HMS Erebus.

On 12 September 2016, the Arctic Research Foundation announced that the wreck of Terror had been found in Nunavut's Terror Bay, off the southwest coast of King William Island. The wreck was discovered 92 km (57 mi) south of the location where the ship was reported abandoned, and some 50 km (31 mi) from the wreck of HMS Erebus, discovered in September 2014.

John Franklin
Rear-Admiral Sir John Franklin KCH FRS FLS FRGS (16 April 1786 – 11 June 1847) was a British Royal Navy officer, explorer and colonial administrator. After serving in the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812, he led two expeditions into the Canadian Arctic and through the islands of the Arctic Archipelago, during the Coppermine expedition of 1819 and the Mackenzie River expedition of 1825, and served as Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land from 1837 to 1843. During his third and final expedition, an attempt to traverse the Northwest Passage in 1845, Franklin's ships became icebound off King William Island in what is now Nunavut, where he died in June 1847. The icebound ships were abandoned ten months later, and the entire crew died from causes such as starvation, hypothermia, and scurvy.
DJ Maphorisa
Themba Sekowe  (born 15 November 1987), known professionally as DJ Maphorisa, is a South African DJ, record producer, singer, and songwriter. As a record producer with a blend of house music, gqom, amapiano and afropop, he has worked with and has received production credits from several notable artists, including Wizkid, Sizwe Alakine, Kwesta, Uhuru, Drake, Black Coffee, Major Lazer, Runtown, C4 Pedro, TRESOR, Kabza De Small,Focalistic, Era Istrefi, Mpura, Young Stunna and Killer Kau. He was signed to Kalawa Jazmee Records prior to establishing his own record label, BlaqBoy Music.

He rose to stardom after producing several hit singles for artists of multiple music genres, such as  Uhuru ("Y-Tjukuta"), Kwesta ("Ngud'"), Busiswa ("Lahla"), DJ Zinhle ("My name Is"), Professor ("Jezebel") and Shekinah ("Suited").

Busiswa
Busiswa Gqulu (born 8 November 1988), known mononymously  as Busiswa, is a South African singer-songwriter and poet. Born in Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa, she gained public recognition for her feature on DJ Zinhle's song, "My Name Is", after being discovered by Kalawa Jazmee's CEO Oskido.

After a successful collaboration with DJ Zinhle, she released hits singles  includes; "Ngoku", "Lahla", and was featured on Bhizer's hit, "Gobisiqolo". On 8 December 2017, she released her debut album, Highly Flavoured, preceded by single, "Bazoyenza". Throughout her career, Gqulu has received numerous accolades. In 2014, she was named in the Mail & Guardian 200 Young South Africans.
71st World Science Fiction Convention
The 71st World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as LoneStarCon 3, was held on 29 August–2 September 2013 at the Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center and Marriott Rivercenter in San Antonio, Texas, United States.

The convention committee was chaired by Randall Shepherd. The convention was organized by Alamo Literary Arts Maintenance Organization, Inc. (ALAMO) which had previously organized LoneStarCon 2, the 55th World Science Fiction Convention, held in San Antonio in 1997.

Worldcon
The World Science Fiction Convention, branded as Worldcon, is a science fiction convention and the annual convention of the World Science Fiction Society (WSFS). It has been held each year since 1939 (except for the years 1942 to 1945, during World War II). The members of each Worldcon are the members of WSFS, and vote both to select the site of the Worldcon two years later, and to select the winners of the annual Hugo Awards, which are presented at each convention.
William Butler (colonel)
Lieutenant Colonel William Butler (died 1789) was a Pennsylvania officer during the American Revolutionary War, known for his leadership in the Battle of Monmouth, the burning of the Indian villages at Unadilla and Oquaga, and in the Sullivan-Clinton Expedition.

Butler's exact year of birth is unknown, but he was probably born in the mid-1740s. His family emigrated from Ireland sometime before 1760 and settled in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. In the late 1760s he worked as a frontier fur trader near Pittsburgh with his brother Richard.

He was commissioned a lieutenant colonel in the Continental Army upon the formation of the 4th Pennsylvania Regiment on October 25, 1776.  He was retired from the Army on January 1, 1783.  He was an original member of the Society of the Cincinnati.

Richard Butler (general)
Major General Richard Butler (April 1, 1743 – November 4, 1791) was an American army officer who served in the American Revolutionary War and Northwest Indian War. He was killed in action during St. Clair's defeat while against fighting the Northwestern Confederacy.
TGF-8027
TGF-8027, or TGF-8-027, also known as N-[1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2,5-dimethoxy-4-cyanophenethylamine, is a highly selective serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist and putative serotonergic psychedelic of the phenethylamine, 2C, and 25-NB (NBOH) families. It is one of the most selective serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists known and shows much greater selectivity than earlier agents like 25CN-NBOH, DMBMPP, and LPH-5. The drug produces psychedelic-like effects in rodents and hence may be hallucinogenic in humans. TGF-8027 was first described in the literature in 2025.

LPH-5 (drug)
LPH-5, also known as (S)-3-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperidine or as (S)-2C-TFM-3PIP, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, 2C, and 3-phenylpiperidine families which is under development for potential medical use. It is a cyclized phenethylamine and is the derivative of 2C-TFM in which the β position has been connected to the amine to form a piperidine ring.
Shanku
Shanku (simplified Chinese: 衫裤; traditional Chinese: 衫褲; pinyin: shānkù; lit. 'shirt trousers'; see terminology) is a generic term which refers to a two-piece set of attire in Hanfu, which is typically composed of a yòurèn yī (右衽衣), a Chinese upper garment which typically overlaps and closes on the right side which could be called shan (衫), ru (襦), ao (袄; 襖), and a pair of long trousers called ku (裤; 褲). As a form of daily attire, the shanku was mainly worn by people from lower social status in China, such as labourers,: 1  shopkeepers, or retainers from wealthy households.: xviii  The shanku was originally worn by both genders. Up until the mid-20th century, it was popular in China and outside of China where it was worn by overseas Chinese in countries, such as Singapore, Malaysia, Suriname, etc. It is still worn in present-day China and can be found in rural areas.

Garment collars in hanfu
Garment collars in hanfu are diverse and come in several shapes, including jiaoling (cross-collars, overlapping collars at the front which closed on the right or left sides), duijin, yuanling, liling, fangling, tanling. Some forms of collars were indigenous to China while others had been adopted from the Hufu of other non-Han Chinese ethnic minorities and/or from the clothing worn by foreigners.