hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Włocławek
Włocławek (Polish: [vwɔˈt͡swavɛk] ⓘ; German: Leslau or Alt Lesle, Yiddish: וולאָצלאַוועק, romanized: Vlatzlavek, Russian: Влоцлавек Vlotslavek) is a city in the Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship in central Poland along the Vistula River, bordered by the Gostynin-Włocławek Landscape Park. As of December 2021, the population of the city is 106,928.

Founded in the 9th century, Włocławek is located in the historical region of Kuyavia, and was its administrative center and main city in the Middle Ages. Nowadays, Włocławek is the third largest city of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (after Bydgoszcz and Toruń) and the main cultural and economic center of eastern Kuyavia. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Włocławek, one of the oldest dioceses in Poland, since the 12th century, with the landmark Gothic Włocławek Cathedral listed as a Historic Monument of Poland. Poland's largest hydroelectric power plant is also located there.

Diocese of Włocławek
The Diocese of Włocławek (Latin: Dioecesis Vladislaviensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Poland. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Gniezno. Until the 20th century, it was known as the Diocese of Kujawy.

The bishops' seat is Włocławek Cathedral, also a minor basilica: Bazylika Katedralna Wniebowzięcia NMP in the city of Włocławek, in Kujawsko-Pomorskie. The diocese has two more Minor Basilicas:

Basilica of Our Lady of Licheń (Polish: Bazylika MB Bolesnej Królowej Polski), in Licheń Stary, Wielkopolskie

Bazylika Wniebowzięcia NMP, in Zduńska Wola, Łódzkie.

The diocese is currently headed by Bishop Krzysztof Jakub Wętkowski, appointed in 2021.
Bob Lilley (British Army soldier)
Ernest Thomas "Bob" Lilley M.M., B.E.M. (10 February 1914 – 14 August 1981) was a British Army soldier. A founding member of the British Special Air Service Regiment, he formerly served with the Coldstream Guards. Lilley was one of the first four men selected by Colonel David Stirling to comprise L Detachment 1st S.A.S. in Middle East Headquarters at Cairo in 1940. He took part in many operations behind enemy lines in Libya against Italian and German forces during World War II.

Military Medal
The Military Medal (MM) was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other arms of the armed forces, and to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land. The award was established in 1916, with retrospective application to 1914, and was awarded to other ranks for "acts of gallantry and devotion to duty under fire". The award was discontinued in 1993, when it was replaced by the Military Cross, which was extended to all ranks, while other Commonwealth nations instituted their own award systems in the post war period.
Piazza di Spagna
The Piazza di Spagna is a square in the centre of Rome, the capital of Italy. It lies at the foot of the Spanish Steps and owes its name to the Palazzo di Spagna, the seat of the Embassy of Spain to the Holy See. The Column of the Immaculate Conception is in the square.

Spanish Steps
The Spanish Steps (Italian: Scalinata di Trinità dei Monti) in Rome, Italy, climb a steep slope between the Piazza di Spagna at the base and the Piazza Trinità dei Monti, dominated by the Trinità dei Monti church, at the top.

The monumental stairway of 135 steps is linked with the Trinità dei Monti church, under the patronage of the Bourbon kings of France, at the top of the steps and the Spanish Embassy to the Holy See in the Palazzo Monaldeschi at the bottom of the steps. The stairway was designed by the architects Francesco de Sanctis and Alessandro Specchi.
General Terminus and Glasgow Harbour Railway
The General Terminus and Glasgow Harbour Railway was authorised by the General Terminus and Glasgow Harbour Railway Act 1846 (9 & 10 Vict. c. cxxx) on 3 July 1846 and it opened, in part, in December 1848.

Its main function was intended to be the transportation of coal from collieries and Lanarkshire and Ayrshire, other railways, to a coal depot on the south bank of the River Clyde.

It linked the Polloc and Govan Railway with the Glasgow and Paisley Joint Railway, the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway, the Glasgow, Barrhead and Kilmarnock Joint Railway and the Clydesdale Junction Railway.

On 24 July 1854 parts of the line were vested with the Caledonian Railway; and final amalgamation occurred on 29 June 1865.

In the 1921 Railway Grouping it became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS).

Glasgow and Paisley Joint Railway
The Glasgow and Paisley Joint Railway was the section of railway line between Glasgow Bridge Street railway station and Paisley, in the west of Scotland. It was constructed and operated jointly by two competing railway companies as the stem of their lines to Greenock and Ayr respectively, and it opened in 1840. The Joint Committee, which controlled the line, built a branch to Govan and later to Cessnock Dock, and then Prince's Dock.

With the passing of the Railways Act 1921 (Grouping Act) the line, together with the Caledonian Railway and the Glasgow and South Western Railway, became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS).

The line is still in heavy use today as the eastern end of the Inverclyde Line and the Ayrshire Coast Line.
York St John University Rowing Club
York St. John University Boat Club (YSJBC) has a history beginning in 1852, eleven years after the founding of the institution where it is based. YSJ BC is notable for being the longest standing club of the university and has an affiliation to British Rowing.

The club has Men's and Women's squads and is one of the many clubs of the York St John Students' Union. The majority of members learn to row on arrival at university. YSJBC welcomes students, alumni and staff to participate in the club.

The boathouse is based beside the River Ouse, opposite York City Rowing Club between Lendal Bridge and the Scarborough Railway Bridge next to the Museum Gardens.

York St John University
York St John University (originally established as York Diocesan College), often abbreviated to YSJ, is a public university located on a large urban campus in York, England. Established in 1841, it achieved university status in 2006 and in 2015 was given research degree awarding powers for PhD and other doctoral programmes.

It is one of several higher education institutions which have religious foundations and is part of the Cathedrals Group of Universities.

In 2022, there were 8,350 students, reading a wide variety of subjects, across five schools: School of the Arts; School of Education, Language and Psychology; School of Humanities; School of Science, Technology and Health; and York Business School.
Broccoflower
Broccoflower is either of two edible plants of the species Brassica oleracea with light green heads. The edible portion is the immature flower head (inflorescence) of the plant.

Broccoli and cauliflower are different cultivars of the same species, and as such are fully cross compatible by hand pollination or natural pollinators. There are two forms of Brassica oleracea that may be referred to as broccoflower, both of which are considered cultivars of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) because they have inflorescent meristems rather than flower buds when harvested. One is shaped like regular cauliflower, the other has pointed, conical, spiraling clusters of florets. They share a curd color that is a similar hue to that of broccoli.

Cauliflower
Cauliflower is one of several vegetables cultivated from the species Brassica oleracea in the genus Brassica, which is in the Brassicaceae (or mustard) family. Cauliflower usually grows with one main stem that carries a large, rounded "head" made of tightly clustered, immature white or off-white flower buds called the "curd". Typically, only the "head" is eaten.

An annual plant that reproduces by seed, the cauliflower head is composed of a (generally) white inflorescence meristem. Although cauliflower heads resemble those in broccoli, the latter differs in having flower buds as the edible portion.

The global cauliflower production (combined with broccoli) in 2023 was 26.5 million tonnes, led by China and India with 72% of the total.
Popular front
A popular front is any coalition of working-class and/or middle-class entities, including liberal and social democratic ones, united for a purpose. Generally, it is "a coalition especially of leftist political parties against a common opponent". The phrase uses "front" in the sense of a political movement "linking divergent elements to achieve common objectives".

The term was first used in the mid-1930s in Europe by communists concerned over the rapid growth of fascist movements in Italy and Germany, which they sought to combat by coalescing with non-communist political groupings they had previously attacked as enemies. Temporarily successful popular front governments were formed in France, Spain, and Chile in 1936.

The name has also been used by other alliances such as the Popular Front of India. In the late years of the Soviet Union, the popular fronts created actually played a key role in ending Communist Party rule in the Soviet republics. (see § Soviet republics)

Popular Front (Chile)
The Popular Front (Spanish: Frente Popular) in Chile was an electoral and political left-wing coalition from 1937 to February 1941, during the Presidential Republic era (1924–1973). It gathered together the Radical Party, the Socialist Party, the Communist Party, the Democratic Party and the Radical Socialist Party, as well as organizations such as the Confederación de Trabajadores de Chile (CTCH) trade-union, the Mapuche movement which unified itself in the Frente Único Araucano, and the feminist Movimiento Pro-Emancipación de las Mujeres de Chile (MEMCh).

The Popular Front was the first of several centre-left governments that would lead Chile until 1952.
Shire of Duaringa
The Shire of Duaringa was a local government area in the Capricornia region of Queensland, Australia.  Duaringa Shire covered an area of 18,201 square kilometres and had a population of 6,744 according to the 2006 census. On 15 March 2008 the shires of Duaringa, Emerald, Bauhinia and Peak Downs were amalgamated to form the Central Highlands Region.

Shire of Emerald
The Shire of Emerald is a former local government area in the Central Highlands region of Queensland, Australia. On 15 March 2008 the shires of Duaringa, Emerald, Bauhinia and Peak Downs were amalgamated to form the Central Highlands Region. Its administrative centre is based around Emerald.
WEHT
WEHT (channel 25) is a television station in Evansville, Indiana, United States, affiliated with ABC. It is owned by Nexstar Media Group, which provides certain services to CW outlet WTVW (channel 7) under a shared services agreement (SSA) with Mission Broadcasting. The two stations share studios on Marywood Drive in Henderson, Kentucky, where WEHT's transmitter is also located.

WTVW
WTVW (channel 7) is a television station in Evansville, Indiana, United States, serving as a de facto owned-and-operated station of The CW. It is owned by Mission Broadcasting, which maintains a shared services agreement (SSA) with Nexstar Media Group (which owned the station outright from 2003 to 2011 and presently owns ABC affiliate WEHT [channel 25] and holds a majority stake in The CW), for the provision of certain services. The two stations share studios on Marywood Drive in Henderson, Kentucky; WTVW's transmitter is located just outside of Chandler, Indiana.

Before joining The CW, WTVW was the market's Fox affiliate from December 3, 1995, to June 30, 2011 (serving as an independent station after disaffiliating from the network until January 30, 2013); before that, it served as Evansville's original ABC affiliate from its August 21, 1956, sign-on to December 2, 1995.
Robin Brooke
Robin Matthew Brooke (born 10 December 1966 in Warkworth, New Zealand) is a former New Zealand rugby player. He played for the New Zealand national rugby union team in the 1990s, playing many tests alongside brother Zinzan Brooke.

Zinzan Brooke
Zinzan Valentine Brooke MNZM (born Murray Zinzan Brooke on 14 February 1965) is a former New Zealand rugby union footballer who played at number eight.

Brooke played 58 tests for New Zealand, and 42 non-international matches for the All Blacks. He captained Auckland Blues to Super 12 championships in 1996 and 1997 and was an influential figure in Auckland's dominance in the National Provincial Championship during the late 1980s and 1990s. He scored 17 tries in test matches, then a world record for a forward. He also played for New Zealand Māori.
Josip Murn
Josip Murn (pronounced [ˈjóːsip ˈmùːɾn]), also known under the pseudonym Aleksandrov ([alɛˈksáːndɾɔw]; 4 March 1879 – 18 June 1901) was a Slovene symbolist poet. Together with Ivan Cankar, Oton Župančič, and Dragotin Kette, he was regarded as one of the beginners of modernism in Slovene literature. After France Prešeren and Edvard Kocbek, Murn was probably the most influential Slovene poet of the last two centuries.

Dragotin Kette
Dragotin Kette (pronounced [ˈdɾáːɡɔtin ˈkéːtɛ]; 19 January 1876 – 26 April 1899) was a Slovene Impressionist and Neo-Romantic poet. Together with Josip Murn, Ivan Cankar, and Oton Župančič, he is considered the founder of modernism in Slovene literature.
Watford Rural
Watford Rural is a civil parish in the Three Rivers District of Hertfordshire, England. Located approximately 14 miles (23 km) northwest of central London and adjacent to the Greater London boundary, it is an urbanised parish characterised by suburban residential development. The local council is Watford Rural Parish Council. The parish covers South Oxhey and Carpenders Park, which although part of the Watford urban area, are outside the borough of Watford. The parish was created in 1894 when the ancient Watford parish was split into urban and rural parishes. At the 2011 census it had a population of 20,867.

Three Rivers District
Three Rivers is a local government district in south-west Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Rickmansworth. The district borders Hertsmere, Watford, St Albans, Dacorum, Buckinghamshire, and the London boroughs of Hillingdon and Harrow.
Philemon Holland
Philemon Holland (1552 – 9 February 1637) was an English schoolmaster, physician and translator. He is known for the first English translations of several works by Livy, Pliny the Elder, and Plutarch, and also for translating William Camden's Britannia into English.

William Camden
William Camden (2 May 1551 – 9 November 1623) was an English antiquarian, historian, topographer, and herald, best known as author of Britannia, the first chorographical survey of the islands of Great Britain and Ireland that relates landscape, geography, antiquarianism, and history, and the Annales, the first detailed historical account of the reign of Elizabeth I.
British Rail Class 317
The British Rail Class 317 electric multiple unit (EMU) passenger trains were constructed by British Rail Engineering Limited in two batches: 48 sets were produced in 1981–1982 and 24 sets in 1985–1987. They were the first of several classes of British Rail EMU to be based on the all-steel Mark 3 bodyshell, departing from the PEP-aluminium design which had spawned the earlier Class 313 to Class 315, Class 507 and Class 508. The Mark 3 bodyshell was also the basis of Class 318, Class 455 and the diesel Class 150. The Class 317 uses overhead alternating current electrification. All units were withdrawn in July 2022.

British Rail Class 318
The British Rail Class 318 is an electric multiple unit (EMU) passenger train which operates in west central Scotland. The units were introduced on 29 September 1986 as part of the electrification of the Ayrshire Coast Line between Glasgow Central and Ayr/Ardrossan with alternating current (AC) overhead lines. Their use was extended to Largs in January 1987. They were also used on the Inverclyde Line in small numbers. The trains currently operate Argyle Line (including services to Lanark from Glasgow Central High Level), Cathcart Circle Line, North Clyde Line, Whifflet Line, Paisley Canal Line and Inverclyde Line services. Following the withdrawal of the second generation of Glasgow Subway rolling stock in 2024, these units are the oldest working EMUs in Scotland, having been in revenue-earning service for more than 39 years.
Jim Courtright (gunman)
Timothy Isaiah Courtright (c. 1845 – February 8, 1887), also known as "Longhair Jim" or "Big Jim" Courtright, was an American Deputy Sheriff in Fort Worth, Texas from 1876 to 1879. In 1887, he was killed in a shootout with gambler and gunfighter Luke Short. Before his death, people feared Courtright's reputation as a gunman, and he reduced Ft. Worth's murder rate by more than half, while reportedly extracting protection money from town business owners.

Luke Short
Luke Lamar Short (January 22, 1854 – September 8, 1893) was an American Old West gunfighter, cowboy, U.S. Army scout, dispatch rider, gambler, boxing promoter, and saloon owner. He survived numerous gunfights, the most famous of which were against Charlie Storms in Tombstone, Arizona Territory, and against Jim Courtright in Fort Worth, Texas. Short had business interests in three of the best-known saloons in the Old West: the Oriental in Tombstone, the Long Branch Saloon in Dodge City, and the White Elephant in Fort Worth.
Hedjet
Hedjet (Ancient Egyptian: 𓌉𓏏𓋑, romanized: ḥḏt, lit. 'White One') is the White Crown of pharaonic Upper Egypt. After the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, it was combined with the Deshret, the Red Crown of Lower Egypt, to form the Pschent, the double crown of Egypt. The symbol sometimes used for the White Crown was the vulture goddess Nekhbet shown next to the head of the cobra goddess Wadjet, the uraeus on the Pschent.

Upper Egypt
Upper Egypt (Arabic: صعيد مصر Ṣaʿīd Miṣr, shortened to الصعيد, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [es.sˤe.ˈʕiːd], locally: [es.sˤɑ.ˈʕiːd]) is the southern portion of Egypt and is composed of the Nile River valley south of the delta and the 30th parallel North. It thus starts at Beni Suef and stretches down to Lake Nasser (formed by the Aswan High Dam).
Wisconsin Territory
The Territory of Wisconsin was an organized and incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 3, 1836, until May 29, 1848, when an eastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Wisconsin. Belmont was initially chosen as the capital of the territory. In 1837, the territorial legislature met in Burlington, just north of the Skunk River on the Mississippi, which became part of the Iowa Territory in 1838. In that year, 1838, the territorial capital of Wisconsin was moved to Madison.

Iowa Territory
The Territory of Iowa was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 3, 1838, until December 28, 1846, when the southeastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Iowa. The remainder of the territory would have no organized territorial government until the Minnesota Territory was organized on March 3, 1849.
World's End Harem
World's End Harem (Japanese: 終末のハーレム, Hepburn: Shūmatsu no Hāremu) is a Japanese manga series written by LINK and illustrated by Kotaro Shono. The first part of the manga was serialized in Shueisha's online magazine Shōnen Jump+ from May 2016 to June 2020, while a second part, World's End Harem: After World, was serialized in the same platform from May 2021 to May 2023. Its chapters have been collected in eighteen tankōbon volumes. The manga is licensed in North America by Seven Seas Entertainment under its Ghost Ship adult imprint.

The series has inspired two additional manga series also written by LINK, titled World's End Harem: Fantasia and World's End Harem: Britannia Lumiére, respectively. Two audio dramas were released in May 2017 and August 2021. A virtual reality game adaptation developed by DMM Games was released in March 2019. An anime television series adaptation by Studio Gokumi and AXsiZ premiered its first episode in October 2021 and resumed from January to March 2022.

World's End Harem: Fantasia
World's End Harem: Fantasia (Japanese: 終末のハーレム ファンタジア, Hepburn: Shūmatsu no Hāremu Fantajia) is a Japanese manga series written by LINK and illustrated by SAVAN. It is related to the World's End Harem series. The manga originally started in Shueisha's Ultra Jump in April 2018; it was also being published simultaneously on the Shōnen Jump+ and Young Jump! digital platforms, continuing digitally only since 2022. Seven Seas Entertainment licensed the manga and its spin-off for an English release under its Ghost Ship imprint for mature readers.
Thompson v. Oklahoma
Thompson v. Oklahoma, 487 U.S. 815 (1988), was the first case since the moratorium on capital punishment was lifted in the United States in which the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the death sentence of a minor on grounds of "cruel and unusual punishment." The holding in Thompson was expanded on by Roper v. Simmons (2005), where the Supreme Court extended the "evolving standards" rationale to those under 18 years old.

Roper v. Simmons
Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 (2005), is a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court held that it is unconstitutional to impose capital punishment for crimes committed while under the age of 18. The 5–4 decision overruled Stanford v. Kentucky, in which the court had upheld execution of offenders at or above age 16, and overturned statutes in 19 states.
Professional wrestling strikes
Strikes can be offensive moves in professional wrestling, that can sometimes be used to set up an opponent for a hold or for a throw. There are a wide variety of strikes in pro wrestling, and many are known by several different names. Professional wrestlers frequently give their finishers new names. Occasionally, these names become popular and are used regardless of the wrestler performing the technique.

Professional wrestling contains a variety of punches and kicks found in martial arts and other fighting sports; the moves listed below are more specific to wrestling itself. Many of the moves below can also be performed from a raised platform (the top rope, the ring apron, etc.); these are called aerial variations. Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.

Professional wrestling throws
Professional wrestling throws are the application of professional wrestling techniques that involve lifting the opponent up and throwing or slamming them down. They are sometimes also called "power" maneuvers, as they are meant to emphasize a wrestler's strength. Many of these moves are used as finishers by various wrestlers, who refer to them by several different names that reflect their gimmick. Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.