hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lake Washburn (Antarctica)
Lake Washburn is a lake that formerly existed in the Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. It formed when climatic changes and an expansion of ice caused the flooding of the valley, between 23,000 and 8,340 radiocarbon years ago. Its extent and elevation are unclear but Lake Bonney and Lake Fryxell are considered to be its present-day remnant.

Lake Fryxell
Lake Fryxell is a perennially ice-covered lake in Taylor Valley in Victoria Land, Antarctica. One of many such lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, it was first discovered in the early 1900s by Robert Scott's 1901-1904 expedition and was named and mapped during Operation Deep Freeze in the 1950s. The lake contains phytoplankton and some protozoa, with ecological production dominated by benthic microbial mats. The ice-cover persists year-round and is on average 5-4 m thick. Since 1992, Lake Fryxell has been part of the scope of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long-Term Ecological Research Project, which maintains the weather station located at the lake.
Yuki Ueno
Yuki Ueno (上野勇希, Ueno Yūki) is a Japanese professional wrestler, He is signed to the Japanese professional wrestling promotion DDT Pro-Wrestling (DDT), where he is the a current KO-D Openweight Champion in his third reign, and former four-times DDT Universal Champion.

DDT Universal Championship
The DDT Universal Championship (Japanese: DDT UNIVERSAL王座, Hepburn: DDT Yunibāsaru Ōza) is a professional wrestling championship in the Japanese promotion DDT Pro-Wrestling. Announced on December 28, 2019, at the D-Oh Grand Prix 2020 final event, the DDT Universal Championship was created as part of DDT's plans to expand internationally and reach a larger audience. Chris Brookes was the inaugural champion. Daisuke Sasaki is the current champion, in his third reign.
Diocese of Fort Wayne–South Bend
The Diocese of Fort Wayne–South Bend (Latin: Dioecesis Wayne Castrensis–South Bendensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in north-central and northeastern Indiana in the United States. The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Fort Wayne is the see's primary cathedral; Saint Matthew's Cathedral in South Bend is the associate cathedral. Kevin C. Rhoades is the bishop.

Kevin C. Rhoades
Kevin Carl Rhoades (born November 26, 1957) is an American Catholic prelate who has served as Bishop of Fort Wayne-South Bend in Indiana since 2009. He previously served as Bishop of Harrisburg in Pennsylvania from 2004 to 2009.

In 2021, Rhoades led the United States Conference of Bishops' Committee on Doctrine, which targeted President Joe Biden for his stance on abortion. In 2025, he was elected Secretary of the USCCB, the third-highest ranking position in the conference.
Algerian Rugby Federation
The Algerian Rugby Federation (FAR); (Arabic: الفدرالية الجزائرية للرغبي) is the governing body for rugby union in Algeria. Algeria became a full member of Rugby Africa in December 2016. The federation is responsible for the Algerian national team and the "Algerian Rugby Championship".  It is in charge of promoting the sport in Algeria, organizes international matches for the national team, and is involved in educating and training players and officials. Algeria has never participated in the Rugby World Cup qualifiers. Their best result to date was a 50–0 win against Egypt and Libya, both in a Cairo international tournament in 2010.

FAR was accepted as an affiliate member of World Rugby in 2019 and became a full member in 2021.

Rugby union in Algeria
Rugby union in Algeria is a moderately popular sport. After many years of work, in 2015, Algeria finally created a federation enabling them to apply for member status of Rugby Africa (the administrative body for rugby union within Africa). Algeria has experienced success at the international level causing an increase in overall popularity.
Taro Revolt
The Taro Revolt (Portuguese: Revolta dos Inhames), or the Taro Mutiny (Portuguese: Motim dos Inhames), is the name given to the 17th-century peasant conflicts that occurred on the island of São Jorge—particularly the municipality of Calheta, in the parishes of Ribeira Seca and Norte Pequeno—in protest to the annual payment of tithes for the production of taro, a green-stalk plant whose root was used as a food source throughout the Azores.

Calheta, Azores
Calheta (Portuguese pronunciation: [kɐˈʎetɐ] ⓘ) is a municipality on the island of São Jorge, in the Portuguese autonomous region of Azores. The municipality includes the eastern portion of the island of São Jorge and borders the municipality of Velas. The population in 2011 was 3,773, in an area of 126.26 km2.
Associated Equipment Company
Associated Equipment Company (AEC) was a British vehicle manufacturer that built buses, motorcoaches and trucks from 1912 until 1979. The name Associated Equipment Company was hardly ever used; instead, it traded under the AEC and ACLO brands. During World War One, AEC was the most prolific British lorry manufacturer, after building London's buses before the war.

Leyland Motors
Leyland Motors Limited (later known as the Leyland Motor Corporation) was an English vehicle manufacturer of lorries, buses and trolleybuses. The company diversified into car manufacturing with its acquisitions of Triumph and Rover in 1960 and 1967, respectively. It gave its name to the British Leyland Motor Corporation, formed when it merged with British Motor Holdings in 1968, to become British Leyland after having been nationalised. British Leyland later changed its name to simply BL, then in 1986 to Rover Group.

After the various vehicle manufacturing businesses of BL and its successors went defunct or were divested, the following marques survived: Jaguar and Land Rover, now built by Jaguar Land Rover owned by TATA Motors; MG, now built by MG Motor, and Mini, now built by BMW. The truck building operation survived largely intact as Leyland Trucks, a subsidiary of Paccar.
Animal glue
Animal glue is an adhesive that is created by prolonged boiling of animal connective tissue in a process called rendering. In addition to being used as an adhesive, it is used for coating and sizing, in decorative composition ornaments, and as a clarifying agent.

These protein colloid glues are formed through hydrolysis of the collagen from skins, bones, tendons, and other tissues, similar to gelatin. The word collagen itself derives from Greek κόλλα (kolla), meaning 'glue'. These proteins form a molecular bond with the glued object.

Stereotypically, the animal in question is a horse, and horses that are euthanized are often said to have been "sent to the glue factory". However, other animals are also used, including cattle, rabbits and fish.

Composition ornament
Composition ornament ("compo") is a mouldable thermoplastic compound, consisting of powdered chalk mixed with collagen (hide glue), resin (pine rosin) and linseed oil; worked either by hand or more usually pressed into moulds to produce decorative work. It's now most commonly seen as part of gilded picture frames, but was in use for many smaller decorative mouldings from the later part of the Baroque period.
Batang Kali massacre
The Batang Kali massacre was the killing of 24 unarmed male civilians in Batang Kali by the British Army's Scots Guards on 12 December 1948. The massacre took place in Batang Kali, Malaya (now Malaysia) during the Malayan Emergency, a communist insurgency involving the British Commonwealth and communist guerrillas belonging to the Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA). British author Christopher Hale described the massacre as "Britain's My Lai" in his book titled Massacre in Malaya: Exposing Britain's My Lai.

The massacre was one of a number committed during the war that saw British extrajudicial killings of unarmed villagers in violation of the Geneva Conventions, communist and trade union leaders, and the participation of British military forces in headhunting their civilian and MNLA victims.

Scots Guards
The Scots Guards (SG) is the regiment of Foot Guards of Scotland, and one of the five foot guard regiments of the British Army. Its origins are as the personal bodyguard of King Charles I of England and Scotland. Its lineage can be traced back to 1642 in the Kingdom of Scotland, although it was only placed on the English Establishment in 1686.
Galápagos land iguana
The Galápagos land iguana (Conolophus subcristatus) is a very large species of lizard in the family Iguanidae, and one of three species of the genus Conolophus. It is endemic to the Galápagos Islands off of Ecuador's Pacific coast, inhabiting the dry lowlands of Fernandina, Isabela, Santa Cruz, North Seymour, Baltra, and South Plaza islands.

North Seymour Island
North Seymour Island (Spanish: Isla Seymour Norte) is a small island near Baltra Island in the Galápagos Islands in Ecuador. It was formed by uplift of a submarine lava formation and is now covered with low, bushy vegetation. It has an area of 1.9 km2 (0.73 sq mi) and a maximum elevation of 28 meters (92 ft). There is no permanent population but a visitor trail has been established approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) in length for guided tours crossing the interior of the island and exploring the rocky coast.
Yangban
The yangban (Korean: 양반; Hanja: 兩班; IPA: [ja̠ŋba̠n]) were part of the traditional ruling class or gentry of dynastic Korea during the Joseon period. The yangban were mainly composed of highly educated civil officials and military officers—landed or unlanded aristocrats who individually exemplified the Korean Confucian form of a "scholarly official". They were largely government administrators and bureaucrats who oversaw medieval and early modern Korea's traditional agrarian bureaucracy until the end of the dynasty in 1897. In a broader sense, an office holder's family and descendants, as well as country families who claimed such descent, were socially accepted as yangban.

In contemporary Korean language, the term yangban can be used either as a compliment or insult.

Scholar-official
The scholar-officials, also known as literati, scholar-gentlemen or scholar-bureaucrats (Chinese: 士大夫; pinyin: shì dàfū), were government officials and prestigious scholars in Chinese society, forming a distinct social class.

Scholar-officials were politicians and government officials appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day political duties from the Han dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912, China's last imperial dynasty. After the Sui dynasty these officials mostly came from the scholar-gentry (紳士 shēnshì) who had earned academic degrees (such as xiucai, juren, or jinshi) by passing the imperial examinations. Scholar-officials were the elite class of imperial China. They were highly educated, especially in literature and the arts, including calligraphy and Confucian texts. They dominated the government administration and local life of China until the early 20th century.
Osamu Suzuki (businessman)
Osamu Suzuki (鈴木 修, Suzuki Osamu; né Matsuda 松田; January 30, 1930 – December 25, 2024), was a Japanese businessman and the chairman of Suzuki Motor Corporation. From 1978, Suzuki served as the CEO, president, and chairman of the company. In February 2021, Suzuki Motor Corporation announced that he would retire in June 2021 and assume the role of adviser.

Suzuki
Suzuki Motor Corporation (Japanese: スズキ株式会社, Hepburn: Suzuki Kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese multinational mobility manufacturer headquartered in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka. It manufactures automobiles, motorcycles, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), outboard marine engines, wheelchairs and a variety of other small internal combustion engines. In 2016, Suzuki was the eleventh biggest automaker by production worldwide.
Suzuki has over 45,000 employees and has 35 production facilities in 23 countries, and 133 distributors in 192 countries. The worldwide sales volume of automobiles is the world's tenth largest, while domestic sales volume is the third largest in the country.

Suzuki's domestic motorcycle sales volume is the third largest in Japan.
Richard Reynell (knight)
Sir Richard Reynell (died 1222) (alias Reinell, Reynolds, Revell, etc), of Pitney (anciently Pyttney, Peteneya, eyc) in the county of Somerset, Sheriff of Devon in 1191-4, was a knight who lived during the successive reigns of Kings Henry II (1154–1189), Richard I (1189–1199) and  John (1199–1216).

High Sheriff of Devon
The High Sheriff of Devon is the Kings's representative for the County of Devon, a territory known as his/her bailiwick. Selected from three nominated people, they hold the office for one year. They have judicial, ceremonial and administrative functions and execute High Court Writs. The title was historically "Sheriff of Devon", but changed in 1974 to "High Sheriff of Devon".
Hooligan Sparrow
Hooligan Sparrow is a 2016  documentary film about Ye Haiyan and other Chinese activists written, produced and directed by Nanfu Wang. Ye and other activists, including the human rights lawyers Tang Jitian and Wang Yu, lead protests in Hainan, China, demanding justice for six school girls who were sexually abused by their principal. Soon the protesters, the filmmaker, their families and some acquaintances become targets of harassment by policemen and thugs across different locations in China.

It was the debut film by Wang, a Chinese-born American filmmaker, and earned her various accolades, including a Peabody Award and a Truer than Fiction Independent Spirit Award for emerging filmmakers. Hooligan Sparrow was generally praised by critics.

Ye Haiyan
Ye Haiyan (born 1975) is a Chinese women's rights activist, best known for her actions in favor of prostitutes and children against violence and sexual aggression. She exposed the harsh conditions of local brothels, in which sex workers were sexually and physically abused. She is also well known by the name of Hooligan Sparrow (流氓燕).
Gempylidae
The Gempylidae are a family of scombriform ray-finned fishes commonly known as snake mackerels or escolars. The family includes about 25 species.

They are elongated fishes with a similar appearance to barracudas, having a long dorsal fin, usually with one or finlets trailing it. The largest species, including the snoek (Leionura atun), grow up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) long, and the oilfish (Ruvettus pretiosus) can reach 3 m (9.8 ft), though they rarely surpass 150 cm (59 in). Like the barracudas, they are predators, with fang-like teeth.

Leionura atun
Leionura atun (Euphrasén, 1791), known as the snoek in South Africa and as the barracouta in Australasia, is a long, thin species of snake mackerel found in the seas of the Southern Hemisphere, and a common food fish in South Africa, particularly along the west and southwest coast. Despite its Australasian name, it is not closely related to the barracuda.
West Orange-Stark High School
West Orange-Stark High School is a College Preparatory High school in West Orange, Texas, and the only high school in the West Orange-Cove Consolidated Independent School District, though some students report to the West Orange-Stark Academic Alternative Center.

West Orange-Cove Consolidated Independent School District
The West Orange-Cove Consolidated Independent School District is a public school district in Orange County, Texas.

The district serves the cities of West Orange and Pinehurst as well as portions of Orange, including the majority of Orange below I-10, and the Old Peveto area. The district has 4 schools, including West Orange-Stark High School and West Orange-Stark Middle School.
Houston County, Texas
Houston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 22,066. Its county seat is Crockett. Houston County was one of 46 entirely dry counties in the state of Texas, until voters in a November 2007 special election legalized the sale of alcohol in the county.

Houston County was the first new county created under the nine-year Republic of Texas on June 12, 1837. The original boundaries of Houston County also included all of present-day Anderson and Trinity Counties, and portions of present-day Henderson and Polk Counties.

The county is named for Sam Houston, President of the Republic of Texas and Governor of Texas. Other than being named for the same person, Houston County is not related to the City of Houston, which is located about 100 mi (160 km) to the south, in Harris County.

Anderson County, Texas
Anderson County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. Located within East Texas, its county seat is Palestine. As of the 2020 United States census, the population of Anderson County was 57,922. Anderson County comprises the Palestine micropolitan statistical area. Anderson County was organized in 1846, and was named after Kenneth Lewis Anderson (1805–1845), the last vice president of the Republic of Texas.
Ford Zetec engine
Ford Motor Company used the Zetec name on a variety of inline four-cylinder automobile engines. It was coined to replace "Zeta" on a range of 1.6 L to 2.0 L multi-valve engines introduced in 1991 because Ford was threatened with legal action by Lancia who owned the Zeta trademark. The company used the name widely in European advertising and later introduced it to the North American market with the Contour.

The Zetec name was so widely recognized that Ford decided to apply it to other high-tech four-cylinder engines. It was used across many engine types in Europe even though the original Zeta design ended production in 2004. Ford also used the "Zetec" name for a trim level designation in certain markets.

A Formula One engine was produced for Ford by Cosworth in 1993. The 3.5-litre Zetec R V8 was used by the Benetton team in 1994, and powered Michael Schumacher to his first World Championship title.

Ford Duratec engine
Ford Duratec engine is a line of engines used by Ford of Europe and United States for the company's range of gasoline-powered I3, I4, I5 and V6 passenger car engines. The first Duratec engine was co-designed by Ford and Porsche and introduced as the Duratec V6 in the 1993 Ford Mondeo.

Ford would subsequently brand other gasoline engines unrelated to the original V6 with the Duratec name. The Ford Zeta engine, Ford Sigma engine and Ford Cyclone engine all carry the Duratec name, but are otherwise unrelated to each other or the original 1993 Duratec V6. The ambiguous use of the name is similar to Ford's use of the Zetec for the previous generation of gasoline engines, the Duratorq name for diesel engines, and EcoBoost for turbocharged gasoline engines.
Nicolet-Yamaska (provincial electoral district)
Nicolet-Yamaska (French pronunciation: [nikɔlɛ(t) jamaska]) is a former provincial electoral district in the Centre-du-Québec and Montérégie regions of Quebec, Canada that elected members to the National Assembly of Quebec.

As of its final election, it included the cities or municipalities of Pierreville, Nicolet, Bécancour, Sainte-Eulalie, Daveluyville, Saint-Leonard-d'Aston, Saint-Wenceslas and Saint-Gerard-Majella as well as portions of the city of Drummondville.

It was created for the 1973 election from parts of Nicolet and its final election was in 1976.  It disappeared in the 1981 election and Nicolet was recreated.  Nicolet disappeared again in the 1989 election, for which Nicolet-Yamaska was recreated. Nicolet-Yamaska's final election was in 2008.  It disappeared in the 2012 election and the successor electoral district was Nicolet-Bécancour.

Nicolet (provincial electoral district)
Nicolet (French pronunciation: [nikɔlɛ(t)]) was a provincial electoral district in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada.

It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada).  It disappeared in the 1973 election and its successor electoral district was Nicolet-Yamaska.  Nicolet-Yamaska, in turn, disappeared in the 1981 election and Nicolet reappeared.  However, Nicolet's final election was in 1985.  It disappeared for good in the 1989 election and its successor electoral district was the re-created Nicolet-Yamaska.

It was named in honour of French explorer Jean Nicolet who also worked for the Company of One Hundred Associates in the 17th century.
Qutalmish
Qutalmish ibn Arslan Isra'il (Turkish: Kutalmış Bey, Old Anatolian Turkish: قوتالمش بگ, Persian: قتلمش) (alternative spellings: Qutalmis, Kutalmish, Kutalmış) was a Turkic prince who was a member of Seljukid house in the 11th century. His son Kutalmışoğlu Suleiman, founded the Sultanate of Rum in Anatolia.

Suleiman ibn Qutalmish
Suleiman Shah I ibn Qutalmish (Turkish: Kutalmışoğlu Süleyman Şah; Old Anatolian Turkish: سُلَیمانشاہ بن قُتَلمِش; Persian: سلیمان بن قتلمش) founded an independent Seljuk Turkish state in Anatolia and ruled as Seljuk Sultan of Rûm from 1077 until his death in 1086.
Evangeline Atwood
Evangeline Atwood (1906–1987) was an American historian, activist, and philanthropist. She was the co-founder of numerous organizations in Alaska, including the Alaska Statehood Association, the Anchorage League of Voters, the Alaska World Affairs Council, Parent-Teacher Council of Anchorage, and the Cook Inlet Historical Society. She was awarded Historian of the Year by the Alaska Historical Society in 1975. In 2009, she was named to the Alaska Women's Hall of Fame. Her husband was Robert Atwood and was the co-owner, alongside him, of the Anchorage Times.

Bob Atwood
Robert Bruce Atwood (March 31, 1907 – January 10, 1997) was an American journalist who served as the long-time editor and publisher of the Anchorage Times. He was also an early advocate of Alaska statehood.
Penghu Refugee Camp
The Penghu Refugee Camp (Chinese: 澎湖難民營; pinyin: Pénghú Nànmínyíng) accommodated Vietnamese boat refugees in Taiwan from 1977 to 1988. There were two camps in Penghu County, both originally military sites. One was located in Chuwan Village, Siyu Township, and operated from 1977 to 1979. Another camp in Chiangmei Village (or Jiangmei, Chinese:講美, Taiwanese: Káng-bí), Baisha Township, was more representative; it opened on 1 December 1978, and closed on 28 November 1988, operating for a total of 11 years.

Baisha, Penghu
23°39′48.21″N 119°35′32.5″E﻿ / ﻿23.6633917°N 119.592361°E﻿ / 23.6633917; 119.592361

Baisha Township (Chinese: 白沙鄉; pinyin: Báishā Xiāng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pe̍h-soa-hiong; "White sand") is a rural township in Penghu County (the Pescadores), Taiwan. It is located to the north of Penghu Main Island and linked to Siyu Island by the Penghu Trans-Oceanic Bridge, which at 2.5 km (1.6 mi) long is the longest of its kind in east Asia. The township has a population of 10,048.
Presidential Council (Libya)
The Presidential Council (Arabic: المجلس الرئاسي, al-Majlis ar-Rīʾāsiy, Tedaga: Mosko ndahaga Lîbiyaa-ã) is a body formed under the terms of the Libyan Political Agreement which was signed on 17 December 2015. The Council carries out the functions of head of state of Libya and is proposed to command the Libyan Armed Forces.

The agreement has been unanimously endorsed by the United Nations Security Council which welcomed the formation of the Presidency Council and recognized that the Government of National Accord is the sole legitimate executive government of Libya. After the House of Representatives ceased recognizing the unity government in 2022 and installed a rival government, the Presidential Council has been responsible for the Government of National Unity.

High Council of State (Libya)
The High Council of State (Arabic: المجلس الأعلى للدولة, al majlis al'aelaa lildawla) is an advisory body for Libya formed under the terms of the Libyan Political Agreement which was signed on 17 December 2015. The agreement resulted from United Nations supported peace talks and has been unanimously endorsed by the Security Council. The High Council of State is able to advise the interim Government of National Unity (GNA, previously, the Government of National Accord) and the House of Representatives (HoR), currently based in Tobruk, and can express a binding opinion on  these bodies under certain circumstances. The members of the council were nominated by remaining members of the General National Congress who in 2014 were not elected to the HoR.