hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walter Ferguson (politician)
Walter Ferguson (1886 – 1936) was an American politician, newspaper owner, and banker who served in the Oklahoma Senate between 1917 and 1919.

Born to Thompson Benton Ferguson and Elva Shartel Ferguson in Sedan, Kansas, Ferguson accompanied his parents on multiple land runs in Oklahoma Territory before their family settled in Watonga, Oklahoma. He attended school during the height of his father's political career and later married Lucia Loomis. The couple founded a newspaper together and Ferguson was later elected to the Oklahoma Senate. He later sold his paper, Cherokee Republican, and became a banker.

Elva Shartel Ferguson
Elva Shartel Ferguson (April 6, 1869 – December 18, 1947) was an American newspaper editor who served as the First Lady of Oklahoma Territory between 1901 and 1906 during the tenure of her husband Thompson Benton Ferguson.

Raised the daughter of a newspaper editor in Sedan, Kansas, Ferguson married Thompson Benton Ferguson. The couple moved to Oklahoma Territory and participated in multiple land runs before founding the Watonga Republican. When her husband was appointed governor in 1901, she served as the First Lady of Oklahoma Territory until he left office in 1906. After her husband's death in 1921, she continued to be active in Republican Party politics and manage the Watonga Republican. Her writing served as the basis for Edna Ferber's novel Cimarron (1930) and she served as a technical advisor on the 1931 film of the same name.
Nosferatu (fish)
Nosferatu is a proposed genus of cichlid fishes endemic to the Río Pánuco Basin and the tributaries of the adjacent Tamiahua Lagoon (to the South) and San Andrés Lagoon (to the North) in the states of Veracruz, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas and Querétaro, Mexico. The genus is characterized by a prolongation in the size of the symphysial pair of teeth relative to that of the other teeth in the outer row of the upper jaw (nosferatuform teeth); breeding pigmentation that consists of darkening of ventral area extending over nostrils, opercular series, and pectoral fins; depressed dorsal fin rarely expands beyond anterior third of caudal fin; and an elongated, elastic, smooth caecum adhered to a saccular stomach.

All species in Nosferatu had previously belonged to genus Herichthys.

Herichthys
Herichthys is a genus of cichlid fishes native to North and Central America. Most are endemic to Mexico, but H. cyanoguttatus is also found in southern Texas (United States), and has been introduced to central Texas and Florida.

In 2015, the genus was split in two, and seven species (H. bartoni, H. labridens, H. molango, H. pame, H. pantostictus, H. pratinus, and H. steindachneri) were moved into a new genus, Nosferatu. The validity of the move and newly-erected genus was widely disputed by other ichthyologists in the field; consequently, the split was undone, and Nosferatu is no longer recognized as a valid genus by FishBase and Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes.
Aerial bomb
An aerial bomb is a type of explosive or incendiary weapon intended to travel through the air on a predictable trajectory. Engineers usually develop such bombs to be dropped from an aircraft.

The use of aerial bombs is termed aerial bombing.

Explosive weapon
An explosive weapon is a weapon that uses an explosive to project blast and/or fragmentation from a point of detonation.

In the common practice of states, explosive weapons are generally the preserve of the military, for use in situations of armed conflict, and are rarely used for purposes of domestic policing.

When explosive weapons fail to function as designed they are often left as unexploded ordnance (UXO).
New school (tattoo)
New school is a style of tattoo characterized by heavy outlines, vivid colors, and exaggerated depictions of the subject. It originated as early as the 1970s and is influenced by some features of old school tattooing in the United States. New school also represents a transition towards openness in the sharing of techniques in tattooing.

American traditional
American traditional, Western traditional or simply traditional: 18  is a tattoo style featuring bold black outlines and a limited color palette, with common motifs influenced by sailor tattoos. The style is sometimes called old school and contrasted with "new school" tattoos, which it influenced, and which use a wider range of colors, shading, and subjects.: 61

Flash designs are often American traditional.
The Mansion (novel)
The Mansion is a novel by the American author William Faulkner, published in 1959. It is the last in a trilogy of books about the fictional Snopes family of Mississippi, following The Hamlet and The Town.

The Mansion completes Faulkner’s trilogy of novels about the fictional Snopes family in the fictional county of Yoknapatawpha, Mississippi. The trilogy also includes The Hamlet and The Town. Beginning with the murder of Jack Houston, and ending with the murder of Flem Snopes, it traces the downfall of this post-bellum family, who managed to seize control of the town of Jefferson within a generation.

The novel charts the downfall of Flem Snopes at the hands of his relative Mink Snopes, in part aided by Flem's deaf Spanish-Civil-War-veteran daughter, Linda Snopes.  It falls into three parts:  'Mink', 'Linda', and 'Flem'.  Three narrators tell the story: Gavin Stevens, V.K. Ratliff, and Charles (Chick) Mallison.

The Town (Faulkner novel)
The Town is a novel by the American author William Faulkner, published in 1957, about the fictional Snopes family of Mississippi. It is the second of the "Snopes" trilogy, following The Hamlet (1940) and completed by The Mansion (1959).
Matthijs Bril
Matthijs Bril or Matthijs Bril the Younger (1550 – 8 June 1583) was a Flemish painter and draughtsman of landscapes. He spent most of his active career in Rome where his drawings of ancient Roman sites played an important role in the development of topographical landscape art.  He was also a painter of capricci (architectural fantasies), with typical rustic hills with a few ruins.   He died young and his younger brother Paul Bril, who had joined him in Rome, finished his commissions.

Paul Bril
Paul Bril (1554 – 7 October 1626) was a Flemish painter and printmaker principally known for his landscapes.  He spent most of his active career in Rome. His Italianate landscapes had a major influence on landscape painting in Italy and Northern Europe.
Chinese Haitians
Chinese Haitians (French: Sino-Haïtien; Haitian Creole: Ayisyen Chinwa) are Haitians of Chinese ancestry who immigrated to or were born in Haiti. There are about 230 Chinese people living in Haiti as of 2010. The descendants that intermarried with other races are called Marabou.

Marabou (ethnicity)
Marabou (/ˈmærəbu/; French: marabout) is a term of Haitian origin denoting Haitians of mixed race ancestry. The term comes originally from the African Marabouts. Marabous are mainly descended from intermingling between Africans, Europeans and indigenous Taino.

The Marabou label dates to the colonial period of Haiti's history, meaning the offspring of a mulatto and a griffe person. However, Médéric-Louis-Elie Moreau de Saint-Méry, in his three volume work on the colony, describes Marabous as the product of the union of an African/European and a Taino.
13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Regiment
The 13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Regiment was a territorial infantry regiment of the New Zealand Military Forces. It was formed in 1911 from various volunteer corps raised during the second half of the nineteenth century. Men from the regiment saw combat in the First World War as part of the Canterbury Infantry Regiment. It was amalgamated with the 12th (Nelson and Marlborough) Regiment to form the 2nd Battalion, Canterbury Regiment in 1921, which was redesignated as the 1st Battalion, Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast Regiment in 1923.

Canterbury Infantry Regiment (NZEF)
The Canterbury Infantry Regiment was a military unit of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force (NZEF) raised for service in the First World War. It saw service in the Gallipoli Campaign (1915) and on the Western Front (1916–1919). The regiment was formed by grouping together companies from four different territorial regiments based in the Canterbury Military district.
You Wish (TV series)
You Wish is an American fantasy sitcom television series created by Michael Jacobs, that ran from September 26, 1997, to July 24, 1998. It started as part of ABC's TGIF programming on Friday nights for the fall of 1997, along with Sabrina, the Teenage Witch, Boy Meets World, and Teen Angel.

Teen Angel (1997 TV series)
Teen Angel is an American fantasy sitcom that aired as part of ABC's TGIF Friday night lineup from September 26, 1997, to February 13, 1998. It stars Corbin Allred as a high school student whose recently deceased best friend, played by Mike Damus, returns to earth as his guardian angel. The series was created by Simpsons alumni Al Jean and Mike Reiss.
Zoketsu Norman Fischer
Zoketsu Norman Fischer is an American poet, writer, and Soto Zen priest, teaching and practicing in the lineage of Shunryu Suzuki. He is a Dharma heir of Sojun Mel Weitsman, from whom he received Dharma transmission in 1988. Fischer served as co-abbot of the San Francisco Zen Center from 1995–2000, after which he founded the Everyday Zen Foundation in 2000, a network of Buddhist practice group and related projects in Canada, the United States and Mexico. Fischer has published more than twenty-five books of poetry and non-fiction, as well as numerous poems, essays and articles in Buddhist magazines and poetry journals.

Mel Weitsman
Hakuryu Sojun Mel Weitsman (July 20, 1929 – January 7, 2021), born Mel Weitsman, was an American Buddhist who was the founder, abbot and guiding teacher of Berkeley Zen Center located in Berkeley, California. Weitsman was a Sōtō Zen roshi practicing in the lineage of Shunryū Suzuki, having received Dharma transmission in 1984 from Suzuki's son Hoitsu. He was also a co-abbot of the San Francisco Zen Center, where he served from 1988 to 1997. Weitsman was also editor of the book Branching Streams Flow in the Darkness: Zen Talks on the Sandokai, based on talks given by Suzuki on the Sandokai.
Sumant Mehta
Sumant Mehta (1 July 1877 – 15 December 1968) was a physician, independence activist and social worker from 20th-century India. Educated in London, he served as a personal physician of the Gaekwad rulers of Baroda State before entering public life in 1921. Along with his wife Sharda Mehta, he was involved in social and political activities.

Sharda Mehta
Sharda Mehta (26 June 1882 – 13 November 1970) was an Indian social worker, proponent of women's education, and a Gujarati writer. She was among the first two women to graduate in what is now the modern state of Gujarat, India.  She established institutes for women's education and women's welfare. She wrote several essays and an autobiography as well as translated some works.
Mississippi Highway 333
Mississippi Highway 333 (MS 333), signed as Mississippi Highway 333 Scenic (MS 333 Scenic), is a 17.2-mile-long (27.7 km) north-south state highway located entirely in Grenada County, Mississippi. It connects Grenada Dam and Hugh White State Park with the city of Grenada and Interstate 55 (I-55).

Mainline MS 333 covers only the portion of the highway between MS 8 to Old Highway 8 (near Hugh White State Park). The MS 333 Scenic designation covers the entire route, entirely overlapping its parent route, with this being the only instance in Mississippi where a scenic route not only overlaps the entire length of its parent route, but its parent route also being entirely unsigned.

Mississippi Highway 8
Mississippi Highway 8 (MS 8) is an east–west state highway in northern Mississippi, running 168.1 miles (270.5 km) from MS 1  in Rosedale to U.S. Route 278 (US 278) northeast of Aberdeen. Points of interest along the route include Great River Road State Park, Delta State University, Grenada Lake, Hugh White State Park, and the Natchez Trace Parkway.
Hussar Tenement
The Hussar Tenement (Polish: Kamienica „pod Husarzem”) was a tenement residential building, located in the city of Warsaw, Poland, at 74 Marszałkowska Street, near the crossing with Hoża Street. The building was built in 1898. The name  refers to the statue of John III Sobieski in hussar armor on top of the building.

The building was destroyed during the Second World War, and removed after 1944. In its place, in the 1960s, was built a multifamily residential building designed in the socialist realism style, which exists to the present day.

74 Marszałkowska Street multifamily residential building
The 74 Marszałkowska Street multifamily residential building is a socialist realist multifamily residential building, located in the city of Warsaw, Poland, at 74 Marszałkowska Street, near the crossing with 29/31 Hoża Street. It was built in the 1960s, and since 2016, it has the status of a cultural property.
Li Huaiguang
Li Huaiguang (Chinese: 李懷光; 729 – September 19, 785) was a leading general of Mohe extraction of Tang China.  He was credited with saving Emperor Dezong in the face of an attack by the rebel Zhu Ci in 783 but, dissatisfied with the lack of trust that Emperor Dezong displayed in him later, also rebelled, but his rebellion was stunted by the refusals of many of his subordinates to follow him.  In 785, facing defeat by Tang imperial forces, he committed suicide.

Zhu Ci
Zhu Ci (Chinese: 朱泚; 742–784) was a Chinese military general, monarch, and rebel during the Tang dynasty. He initially served as military governor (Jiedushi) of Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered in modern Beijing), but later became a general for the imperial government.  Resentful that he was removed from his command due to the rebellion by his brother Zhu Tao, when Emperor Dezong of Tang fled the capital Chang'an after a mutiny, Zhu Ci declared himself emperor of a new state of Qin (later changed to Han).  He was defeated and forced to flee Chang'an in 784 and was killed in flight.
Suite in Three Keys
Suite in Three Keys is a trilogy of plays by Noël Coward. It comprises two short plays – Shadows of the Evening and Come Into the Garden, Maud – designed to be given as a double bill, and a stand-alone full-length play, A Song at Twilight. They are all set in the same suite in a luxury Swiss hotel and have a single character common to all three: the Italian waiter. The other characters are British, American and German hotel guests or visitors.

The trilogy was first presented in London in 1966, starring Coward, Lilli Palmer and Irene Worth.

A Song at Twilight
A Song at Twilight is a play in two acts by Noël Coward. It is one of a trio of plays collectively titled Suite in Three Keys, all of which are set in the same suite in a luxury hotel in Switzerland. The play depicts an elderly writer confronted by his former mistress with facts about his past life that he would prefer to forget.

First produced in London in 1966, the play is one of Coward's last works for the stage.
Trinitat Nova station
Trinitat Nova is a Barcelona Metro station, located in the Nou Barris district of the city of Barcelona. The station is served by Line 3, Line 4 and Line 11. The station is the current terminus of the three lines.

Barcelona Metro line 11
Barcelona Metro line 11 is a light metro line of the Barcelona Metro.

One of the newer lines on the network, Line 11 is operated by TMB and part of the ATM fare-integrated transport network in Barcelona. The 2.1 km line is automated, with platform screen doors and short, 2 car trains. With only 5 stations, Line 11 connects the terminus of Line 3 and Line 4 at Trinitat Nova to Can Cuiàs in Montcada i Reixac.
Martina Plantin
Martina Plantin (1550–1616) was involved in her father's printing business from five years of age, and ran the family lace shop from the age of 17. After her father and husband had died, she was the head of the Plantin-Moretus printing business from 1610 to 1614, with daily operations managed by her sons Balthasar and Jan. She was considered a "formidable businesswoman from the wealthy bourgeoisie" and the head of the Plantin-Moretus printing dynasty, by marrying Jan Moretus and being the daughter of publisher Christophe Plantin.

Jan Moretus
Jan Moretus, also John Moerentorf or Joannes Moretus (2 May 1543 – 22 September 1610), was a Flemish printer who was an apprentice for Christophe Plantin, married his daughter, and later inherited the printing business on his father-in-law's death.
Poplar, Montana
Poplar is a city in Roosevelt County, Montana, United States. The population was 758 at the 2020 census. It is the tribal headquarters for the  Fort Peck Indian Reservation, though Wolf Point is the most populous. The reservation is home to both the Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes, two distinct American Indian Nations.

The U.S. Army constructed Camp Poplar here in the 1870s to oversee the reservation. Poplar became reservation headquarters after the military abandoned the camp in 1893.

Poplar hosts a Native American Pow Wow called Poplar Indian Days every year, the first weekend in September that is well attended by locals and traveling dancers with prizes for dancers and drummers.

Fort Peck Indian Reservation
The Fort Peck Indian Reservation (Assiniboine: húdam wįcášta, Dakota: Waxchį́ca oyáte) is located near Fort Peck, Montana, in the northeast part of the state. It is the home of several federally recognized bands of Assiniboine, Lakota, and Dakota peoples of Native Americans.

With a total land area of 2,094,000 acres (8,470 km2; 3,272 sq mi), it is the ninth-largest Indian reservation in the United States. These lands are spread across parts of four counties. In descending order of land area they are Roosevelt, Valley, Daniels, and Sheridan counties. Its resident population was 10,381 in 2000. The largest community on the reservation is the city of Wolf Point.
Belém, Lisbon
Belém (locally [bɨˈlɐ̃j]) is a freguesia (civil parish) and district of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. Belém is located in western Lisbon, to the west of Ajuda and Alcântara and directly east of Lisbon's border with Oeiras. Belém is famous as a museum district, as the home of many of the most notable monuments of Lisbon and Portugal alike, such as the Belém Tower, the Jerónimos Monastery, the Padrão dos Descobrimentos, and Belém Palace (official residence of the President of Portugal). The population in 2011 was 16,528.

Belém Palace
The Belém Palace (Portuguese: Palácio de Belém), formally the National Palace of Belém (Portuguese: Palácio Nacional de Belém), is the current official residence of the president of Portugal, the head of state of Portugal. Located in the Belém District of Lisbon, the palace's main façade fronts the Afonso de Albuquerque Square, facing the Tagus River. A former residence of the Portuguese royal family, the Belém Palace complex is made up of various buildings, wings, courtyards, and gardens, built variously from the 18th to 21st centuries.
Jijia
The Jijia (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈʒiʒia]) (Ukrainian: Жижія, romanized: Zhyzhiya) is a river in Ukraine and the Moldavia region of Romania, a right tributary of the Prut. It rises in Ukraine at an altitude of 410 metres, flows south in Botoșani County through the town of Dorohoi and meets the Prut in Gorban, Iași County. It has a length of 287 km (178 mi), of which 275 km in Romania, and a drainage area of about 5,770 km2 (2,230 sq mi), of which 5,757 km2 (2,223 sq mi) in Romania. Major tributaries are the rivers Sitna, Miletin and Bahlui.

Sitna
The Sitna is a right tributary of the river Jijia in Romania. It discharges into the Jijia in Hlipiceni. Its length is 78 km (48 mi) and its basin size is 943 km2 (364 sq mi). The Sulița Dam is located on the river Sitna.
A. E. Hanson
A. E. Hanson (1893–1986) was an American landscape architect and real estate developer in Southern California. He designed gardens on the campus of the University of Southern California as well as in Bel Air. He developed two gated communities near Los Angeles, California: Rolling Hills and Hidden Hills.

Hidden Hills, California
Hidden Hills is a city and gated community in the Santa Monica Mountains region of Los Angeles County, California. It is located next to the cities of Los Angeles and Calabasas. The population was 1,725 as of 2020.
Frank Nelson Doubleday
Frank Nelson Doubleday (January 8, 1862 – January 30, 1934), known to friends and family as "Effendi" (phonetic "F.N.D."), founded the Doubleday & McClure Company in 1897, which later operated under other names. Starting work at the age of 14 after his father's business failed, Doubleday began with Charles Scribner's Sons in New York.

His son Nelson Doubleday, son-in-law John Turner Sargent, Sr. and grandson Nelson Doubleday, Jr. all worked in the company and led it through different periods.  In 1986, after years of changes in the publishing business, his grandson Nelson Doubleday, Jr. as president sold the Doubleday Company to the German group Bertelsmann.

Nelson Doubleday
Nelson Doubleday (June 16, 1889 – January 11, 1949) was an American book publisher and president of Doubleday Company from 1922–1946. His father Frank Nelson Doubleday had founded the business. His son Nelson Doubleday Jr. followed him into it, taking part in expansion and serving as president from 1978–1986.
Anki (software)
Anki (US: /ˈɑːŋki/, UK: /ˈæŋki/; Japanese: [aŋki]) is a free and open-source flashcard program. It uses techniques from cognitive science such as active recall testing and spaced repetition to aid the user in memorization. The name comes from the Japanese word for "memorization" (暗記).

The SM-2 algorithm, created for SuperMemo in the late 1980s, has historically formed the basis of the spaced repetition methods employed in the program. Anki's implementation of the algorithm has been modified to allow priorities on cards and to show flashcards in order of their urgency. Anki 23.10+ also has a native implementation of the Free Spaced Repetition Scheduler (FSRS) algorithm, which allows for more optimal spacing of card repetitions.

Anki is content-agnostic, and the cards are presented using HTML and may include text, images, sounds, videos, and LaTeX equations. The decks of cards, along with the user's statistics, are stored in the open SQLite format.

SuperMemo
SuperMemo (from "Super Memory") is a learning method and software package developed by SuperMemo World and SuperMemo R&D with Piotr Woźniak in Poland from 1985 to the present. It is based on research into long-term memory, and is a practical application of the spaced repetition learning method that has been proposed for efficient instruction by a number of psychologists as early as in the 1930s.

The method is available as a computer program for Windows, Windows CE, Windows Mobile (Pocket PC), Palm OS (PalmPilot), etc. Course software by the same company (SuperMemo World) can also be used in a web browser or even without a computer.

The desktop version of SuperMemo started as a flashcard software (SuperMemo 1.0 (1987)). It has supported incremental reading since SuperMemo 10 (2000).