hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charlie Christian
Charles Henry Christian (July 29, 1916 – March 2, 1942) was an American swing and jazz guitarist. He was among the first electric guitarists and was a key figure in the development of bebop and cool jazz who transformed the electric guitar from a rhythm instrument into a leading solo voice in jazz. He gained national exposure as a member of the Benny Goodman Sextet and Orchestra from August 1939 to June 1941. His single-string technique, combined with amplification, helped bring the guitar out of the rhythm section and into the forefront as a solo instrument. For this, he is often credited with leading to the development of the lead guitar role in musical ensembles and bands.

Benny Goodman
Benjamin David Goodman (May 30, 1909 – June 13, 1986) was an American jazz clarinetist and bandleader, known as the "King of Swing". His orchestra did well commercially.

From 1935 until the mid-1940s, Goodman led one of the most popular swing big bands in the United States. His concert at Carnegie Hall in New York City on January 16, 1938, is described by critic Bruce Eder as "the single most important jazz or popular music concert in history: jazz's 'coming out' party to the world of 'respectable' music."

Goodman's bands started the careers of many jazz musicians. During an era of racial segregation, he led one of the first integrated jazz groups, his trio and quartet. He continued performing until the end of his life while pursuing an interest in classical music.
Fujiwara no Kiyokawa
Fujiwara no Kiyokawa (藤原 清河; ?–778), also known by the Chinese-style name Heqing (河清), was a Japanese noble of the Nara period. He was the fourth son of the sangi Fujiwara no Fusasaki, the founder of the Fujiwara Hokke. He reached the court rank of ju san-mi (従三位) and the position of sangi, and was posthumously awarded the rank of ju ichi-i (従一位).

As an envoy to Tang China, he served the Tang court along with Abe no Nakamaro, but due to storms and the An Lushan Rebellion he was unable to return to his home, and died in China.

Abe no Nakamaro
Abe no Nakamaro (阿倍 仲麻呂; c. 698 – c. 770), also known by his Chinese name Chao Heng (Chinese: 晁衡, pronounced Chōkō in Japanese), was a Japanese scholar and waka poet of the Nara period. He served on a Japanese envoy to Tang China and later became the Tang duhu (protectorate governor) of Annan (modern Vietnam).
30 Days of Night (film)
30 Days of Night is a 2007 American horror film based on the 2002 comic book miniseries of the same name by Steve Niles, who also co-wrote the film's screenplay. Directed by David Slade and starring Josh Hartnett and Melissa George, the story focuses on an Alaskan town beset by vampires as it enters into a 30-day-long polar night.

Released by Sony Pictures Releasing through its Columbia Pictures label on October 19, 2007, the film garnered mixed critical reviews, and grossed $75.5 million against a budget of $30 million. Its success resulted in a franchise, including a two television miniseries, Blood Trails and Dust to Dust, and a sequel film, Dark Days.

30 Days of Night: Dark Days
30 Days of Night: Dark Days is a 2010 American horror film based on the comic book miniseries of the same name. It was directed by and written by Ben Ketai, alongside co-writer Steve Niles. It is the fourth installment of the 30 Days of Night franchise, and serves as the sequel to the 2007 film. Set chronologically after the first film, it also takes place after the two miniseries Blood Trails and Dust to Dust as well.
Fascia
A fascia (/ˈfæʃ(i)ə/; pl.: fasciae /ˈfæʃii/ or fascias; adjective fascial; from Latin  fascia 'band') is a generic term for macroscopic membranous bodily structures.: 42  Fasciae are classified as superficial, visceral or deep, and further designated according to their anatomical location.

The knowledge of fascial structures is essential in surgery, as they create borders for infectious processes (for example Psoas abscess) and haematoma. An increase in pressure may result in a compartment syndrome, where a prompt fasciotomy may be necessary. For this reason, profound descriptions of fascial structures are available in anatomical literature from the 19th century.

Deep fascia
Deep fascia (or investing fascia) is a fascia, a layer of dense connective tissue that can surround individual muscles and groups of muscles to separate into fascial compartments.

This fibrous connective tissue interpenetrates and surrounds the muscles, bones, nerves, and blood vessels of the body. It provides connection and communication in the form of aponeuroses, ligaments, tendons, retinacula, joint capsules, and septa. The deep fasciae envelop all bone (periosteum and endosteum); cartilage (perichondrium), and blood vessels (tunica externa) and become specialized in muscles (epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium) and nerves (epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium). The high density of collagen fibers gives the deep fascia its strength and integrity.  The amount of elastin fiber determines how much extensibility and resilience it will have.
United Nations Resource Management System
The United Nations Resource Management System (UNRMS) is a voluntary global standard for managing natural resources sustainably. It is based on the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC). UNRMS aims to support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by providing a comprehensive framework and methodology for resource progression, policy development, and financing.

United Nations Framework Classification for Resources
United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC)  is an international scheme for the classification, management and reporting of energy, mineral, and raw material resources. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe's (UNECE) Expert Group on Resource Management (EGRM) is responsible for the development promotion and further development of UNFC.
Mayim Mayim
Mayim Mayim (Hebrew: מים מים, "water, water") is an Israeli folk dance, danced to a song of the same name. It has become notable outside the Israeli dancing community and is often performed at international folk dance events.

Israeli folk dance
Israeli folk dance (Hebrew: ריקודי עם, romanized: rikude ʿam, lit. 'folk dances') is a form of dance usually performed to songs in Hebrew, or to other songs which have been popular in Israel, with dances choreographed for specific songs. Israeli dances include circle, partner and line dances. As almost all dances are intentionally choreographed. The choreographers are known and attributed, the reference to these dances as "folk dances" is sometimes controversial among the general folk dance community.  The recent trend of dances becoming more complex and "professional" has led some to use the alternative term "Recreational Israeli Dancing."
Attack on Titan (video game)
Attack on Titan (Japanese: 進撃の巨人, Hepburn: Shingeki no Kyojin), known in PAL regions as A.O.T.: Wings of Freedom, is a 2016 hack and slash video game developed by Omega Force and published by Koei Tecmo. It is based on the animated series Attack on Titan, which is an adaptation of Hajime Isayama's manga series of the same name. It was initially released for PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, and PlayStation Vita in Japan. It was released on February 18, 2016, in Japan. It was released internationally in August 2016 alongside ports to Windows and Xbox One. A sequel, Attack on Titan 2, was released in 2019.

Attack on Titan 2
Attack on Titan 2 (Japanese: 進撃の巨人 2, Hepburn: Shingeki no Kyojin 2), known in PAL regions as A.O.T. 2, is a 2018 hack and slash video game developed by Omega Force and published by Koei Tecmo. It is based on Hajime Isayama's manga series of the same name. It was released for Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita, Windows and Xbox One, with a port to Stadia releasing the following year.
Constance Hopper
The Constance Hopper, Bay of Constance or Constance Funnel (German: Konstanzer Trichter) is a bay in Lake Constance, to the east of Constance and north of Kreuzlingen.
The leading outflow of the Upper Lake is the Seerhein, which begins in the Constance hopper.

The Constance Hopper the only part of the Obersee, where a territorial boundary has been defined by the neighbouring states, in this case, Germany and Switzerland.

The Dominicans Island is located in the Constance Hopper.  It is part of the city of Constance.

Obersee (Lake Constance)
The Obersee (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐzeː] ⓘ, lit. 'Upper Lake'), also known as Upper Lake Constance, is the much larger of the two parts of Lake Constance, the other part being the Untersee (English: Lower Lake). The two parts are separated by the Bodanrück peninsula. The narrow, northwestern branch of Obersee is also called Überlinger See (English: Lake Überlingen).
Changan Automobile
China Changan Automobile Group  Co., Ltd. (CCAG) is a Chinese central state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Jiangbei, Chongqing. Changan Automobile traces its origins back to 1862 when Li Hongzhang set up a military supply factory, the Shanghai Foreign Gun Bureau. However, it was not until 1959 when the factory was repurposed to manufacture the Changjiang Type 46 Jeep that it became an automobile manufacturer.

The company produces and sells vehicles under its own branding, such as Avatr, Deepal, Changan and Kaicene, as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures, such as Changan Ford and Changan Mazda. In 2021, its own brands contributed 76% of its sales (1.75 million, including 1.2 million passenger vehicles). Its principal activity is the production of passenger cars, microvans, commercial vans and light trucks.

A subsidiary of Changan, Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd.(SZSE: 000625), is listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (but is also state controlled).

Changan Ford
Changan Ford (simplified Chinese: 长安福特; traditional Chinese: 長安福特; pinyin: Cháng'ān Fútè; full name Changan Ford Automobile Co., Ltd.) is a Chinese automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Chongqing. It is a 50/50 joint venture between local Changan Automobile and US-based Ford Motor Company. The company's principal activity is the manufacture of Ford brand passenger cars for the Chinese market. The company was formed in December 2012 after the decision to restructure Changan Ford Mazda, whereby Ford and Mazda agreed to work with Changan as separate joint ventures. Currently, Changan Ford's entire production base is the largest manufacturing location outside Detroit, Michigan, for Ford. It has plants in Chongqing, Hangzhou and Harbin.
BA-21
The BA-21 was an experimental Soviet armored car from 1938. It was a major modification of the BA-20, using a triaxial truck chassis instead of biaxial. The next year, the design was further developed into the LB-23, which had a better engine. Both vehicles were not accepted for production.

BA-20
The BA-20 (Russian: Broneavtomobil 20) was an armored car developed in the Soviet Union in 1934. It was intended to replace the FAI and its field trials were completed in 1935. The BA-20 was then used in the early stages of World War II.
Bill Genaust
William Homer Genaust (October 12, 1906 – March 4, 1945) was an American war photographer during World War II best known for filming the second U.S. flag-raising on top of Mount Suribachi on February 23, 1945, which was immortalized in Joe Rosenthal's famous photograph Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima.

Genaust was a sergeant in the United States Marine Corps during the Pacific War operating a then-modern and lightweight 16 millimeter motion picture camera which used 50-foot color film cassettes. His motion picture of the flag-raising became one of the best-known film clips of the war, and documents the event famously depicted in the Marine Corps War Memorial in Arlington, Virginia. Genaust was reportedly killed in action nine days later during the Battle of Iwo Jima, and his remains have not been recovered.

Joe Rosenthal
Joseph John Rosenthal (October 9, 1911 – August 20, 2006) was an American photographer who received the Pulitzer Prize for his iconic World War II photograph Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima, taken during the 1945 Battle of Iwo Jima. His picture became one of the best-known photographs of the war, and was replicated as the United States Marine Corps War Memorial in Arlington County, Virginia.
Davis Amendment
The Davis Amendment was a provision attached to the March 28, 1928 reauthorization of the Radio Act of 1927, which mandated an "equality of radio broadcasting service" within the United States. It specified an "equitable allocation" among five regional zones, in addition to assignments proportional to population among the states within each zone. Its implementation resulted in the development of a complicated quota system by the Federal Radio Commission, and although its provisions were carried over to the Federal Communications Commission by the Communications Act of 1934, it ultimately proved impractical, and was repealed on June 5, 1936.

Federal Radio Commission
The Federal Radio Commission (FRC) was a government agency that regulated United States radio communication from its creation in 1927 until 1934, when it was succeeded by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The FRC was established by the Radio Act of 1927, which replaced the Radio Act of 1912 after the earlier law was found to lack sufficient oversight provisions, especially for regulating broadcasting stations. In addition to increased regulatory powers, the FRC introduced the standard that, in order to receive a license, a radio station had to be shown to be "in the public interest, convenience, or necessity".
Haplogroup CT
Haplogroup CT is a human Y chromosome haplogroup. CT has two basal branches, CF and DE. DE is divided into a predominantly Asia-distributed haplogroup D-CTS3946 and a predominantly Africa-distributed haplogroup E-M96, while CF is divided into an East Asian, Native American, and Oceanian haplogroup C-M130 and haplogroup F-M89, which dominates most non-African populations.

Haplogroup CF
Haplogroup CF, also known as CF-P143 and CT(xDE), is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. CF is defined by the SNP P143, and its existence and distribution are inferred from the fact that haplogroups descended from CF include most human male lineages in Eurasia, Oceania, and the Americas. CF descends from CT (CT-M168), and is the sibling of DE. CF has two basal branches, haplogroup C and haplogroup F.
Dreams of Rio
Dreams of Rio is a radio drama, produced by the ZBS Foundation. It is the fifth of the Jack Flanders adventure series, and combines elements of American culture and Old-time radio with themes of lost cities, jungle exploration and shamanism. It immediately precedes but is not part of the "Travels with Jack" adventures, each of which is entitled Dreams of ...

Jack Flanders
Jack Flanders, full name Jonathan L. Flanders, is the protagonist of a series of audio dramas produced by the ZBS Foundation. He is the creation of writer and sound artist Thomas Lopez and is played by actor Robert Lorick.

Jack is an adventurer who travels the Earth, exploring both familiar physical places and a metaphysical land called the Invisible Realms.  His character adapts as the story requires, ranging from a bumbling fool to a competent and professional detective into spiritual mysteries.  Well-versed in the occult, folklore, primitive magic and various mystic phenomena, he is able to withstand most reality-altering experiences and generally has an open mind towards all things.
Collard (plant)
Collard is a group of loose-leafed cultivars of Brassica oleracea (the same species as many common vegetables like cabbage and broccoli). Part of the acephala cultivar group (or kale group), collard is also classified as the variety B. oleracea var. viridis.

The plants are grown as a food crop for their large, dark-green, edible leaves, which are cooked and eaten as vegetables. Collard has been cultivated as food since classical antiquity.

Leaf vegetable
Leaf vegetables, also called leafy greens, vegetable greens, or simply greens, are plant leaves eaten as a vegetable. Those eaten raw in a salad can be called salad greens, whereas leaf vegetables eaten cooked can be called pot herbs.

Nearly 1,000 species of plants with edible leaves are known. Leaf vegetables most often come from short-lived herbaceous plants, such as lettuce and spinach, but also come from some woody plants. The leaves of many fodder crops (e.g. alfalfa, clover, and most grasses) are also edible by humans, but usually only as famine or processed food.

Leaf vegetables contain many typical plant nutrients, but being photosynthetic tissues, their vitamin K levels are particularly notable. Accordingly, users of vitamin K antagonist medications like warfarin must limit their consumption of leaf vegetables.
Hot (Israel)
Hot Telecommunication Systems Ltd. (Hebrew: הוט - מערכות תקשורת בע"מ) is a company that provides cable television, last-mile Internet access, broadband and telecommunication services in Israel. It also provides various data transmission services and network services at different rates, services to the business sector and other ancillary services.

In November 2004, Hot Telecom commenced providing domestic fixed line telephone services to residential and business subscribers. The company's shares were traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange and it was a constitute of the TA-100 Index until its acquisition by Altice. In March 2013, the company employed 3,958 workers.

Altice
Altice Group Lux Sàrl (formerly Altice Europe N.V. and commonly known as Altice) is a Luxembourg-based multinational telecommunications and mass media company with official headquarters in Luxembourg, founded and headed by the French-Israeli billionaire businessman Patrick Drahi, and the second largest telecoms company in France, behind Orange.

It had a market capitalization of €13.7 billion in December 2017, and a market cap of less than €6 billion in June 2019, a 56% decline for the stock since Drahi financed the business with debt. In 2016, the company had over 50 million internet, TV, and phone customers in Western Europe, Israel, the United States (where it formerly operated) and the Caribbean. Altice formerly owned a subsidiary in the USA until that company, while retaining the Altice name, was spun off through an IPO in June 2019, making the former USA division independent from the rest of Altice but retaining the same chairman, Patrick Drahi, and the same logo.
Carry On Abroad
Carry On Abroad is a 1972 British comedy film directed by Gerald Thomas, the 24th release in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992). The film features series regulars Sid James, Kenneth Williams, Joan Sims, Bernard Bresslaw, Barbara Windsor, Kenneth Connor, Peter Butterworth and Hattie Jacques. It was the 23rd and final Carry On appearance for Charles Hawtrey. June Whitfield returned after appearing in Carry On Nurse 13 years earlier. Jimmy Logan and Carol Hawkins made their first of two appearances in the series.

Along with the previous film in the series (Carry On Matron), it features the highest number of the regular Carry On team, and surpasses that if Terry Scott is included, who filmed a scene as an irate Wundatours customer; his scene was cut from the final film. The only other member missing is Jim Dale, who had left the series by this point, but would return for Carry On Columbus in 1992. The film was followed by Carry On Girls in 1973.

Carry On Matron
Carry On Matron is a 1972 British comedy film, the 23rd release in the series of 31 Carry On films (1958–1992). It was released in May 1972. It was directed by Gerald Thomas and features series regulars Sid James, Kenneth Williams, Charles Hawtrey, Joan Sims, Hattie Jacques, Bernard Bresslaw, Barbara Windsor and Kenneth Connor. This was the last Carry On film for Terry Scott after appearing in seven films, and for Kenneth Cope after appearing in two.

Along with the next film in the series (Carry On Abroad, released later in 1972), it features the highest number of the regular Carry On team. The only regular members missing are Peter Butterworth – who was due to play Freddy but was unable because of other work engagements – and Jim Dale. Butterworth returned in a major role in Abroad, and Dale would return belatedly for Carry On Columbus in 1992.
Kehath
According to the Torah, Kehath (Hebrew: קְהָת, Qəhāṯ) or Kohath was the second of the sons of Levi and the patriarchal founder of the Kehathites, one of the four main divisions of the Levites in biblical times. In some apocryphal texts, such as the Testament of Levi and the Book of Jubilees, Levi's wife, Kehath's mother, is Milkah, a daughter of Aram.

Kohathites
The Kohathites were one of the four main divisions among the Levites in biblical times, the other three being the Gershonites, the Merarites, and the Aaronites (more commonly known as Kohanim). The Torah claims that the Kohathites were all descended from the eponymous Kohath, a son of Levi.
Plateau (Praia)
Plateau is the historic centre of the capital city of Praia on the island of Santiago, Cape Verde. It gets its name (from French “plateau”) because it is situated on a plateau overlooking the port of Praia. Its average elevation is 37 meters above sea level. The population of Plateau was 1,019 at the 2010 census. Many public buildings are situated in Plateau, notably the Presidential Palace, the cathedral, the city hall and the Ethnographic Museum.

Adjacent neighbourhoods are Gamboa/Chã de Areia to the south, Várzea to the southwest and west, Achadinha to the northwest, Fazenda to the north and Praia Negra to the east.

Museu Etnográfico da Praia
Museu Etnográfico da Praia is an ethnographic museum in the Cape Verdean capital of Praia on the island of Santiago. It is located at 45 Rua 5 de Julho, in the historic part of the city, the Plateau. The museum was opened in November 1997 and is located in a 19th-century building. The museum contains a selection of objects that represent the traditional uses and customs of the Cape Verdean people.
Tsona Chu
Tsona Chu or Cona Qu (Tibetan: མཚོ་སྣ་ཆུ, Wylie: mtsho sna chu, THL: tso na chu)
is a cross-border river that originates in the Tsona County, Shannan Prefecture of the Tibet region of China and flows into the Arunachal Pradesh state of India, where it joins the Tawang Chu river. The name "Tawang Chu" applies to the combined river obtained by the merger of Tsona Chu with Mago Chu, the latter rising within the Tawang district in Arunachal Pradesh.

Tsona Chu enters the Tawang district near an area called Yangtse, which contains the spectacular Chumi Gyatse Falls falling from a cliff face to the east. The China–India border in this area has been disputed between the two countries since the 1990s.

Tawang Chu
Tawang Chu (Tawang river) is the main river of the Tawang district in Arunachal Pradesh, India. The entire district may be regarded as the basin of the Tawang Chu river. In addition, two south-flowing rivers from Tibet, viz., the Tsona Chu and  Nyamjang Chu, join the river within the district. The combined river flows west into Bhutan, where it progresses to the Manas River (tributary of Brahmaputra River) and flows into the Assam state of India.