hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ephraim Hawley House
The Ephraim Hawley House is a privately owned Colonial American wooden post-and-beam timber-frame saltbox house situated on the Farm Highway, Route 108, on the south side of Mischa Hill, in Nichols, a village located within the town of Trumbull, Connecticut, the U.S. It was expanded to its present shape by three additions.  Over time, the location of the house has been identified in four different named townships, as jurisdictional boundaries changed, but it has never been moved. These towns were Stratford (1670–1725), Unity (1725–1744), North Stratford (1744–1797), and Trumbull (1797–present).

Nichols, Connecticut
Nichols, a historic village in southwestern Trumbull in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States, is named after the family who maintained a large farm in its center for almost 300 years. The Nichols Farms Historic District, which encompasses part of the village, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Originally home to the Golden Hill Paugussett Indian Nation, the area was colonized by the English during the Great Migration of the 1630s as a part of the coastal settlement of Stratford. The construction of the Merritt Parkway through the village, and the subsequent closing of stores and factories, turned the village into a bedroom community in 1939. Aviation pioneer Igor Sikorsky lived in three separate homes in Nichols during his active years between 1928 and 1951, when he designed, built and flew fixed-wing aircraft and put the helicopter into mass production for the first time.
Kujō Hisatsune
Kujō Hisatsune (九条 尚経; January 7, 1469 – August 1, 1530), son of regent Masamoto, was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the Muromachi period (1336–1573). He held a regent position kampaku from 1501 to 1513. Tanemichi was his son.

Kujō Masamoto
Kujō Masamoto (九条 政基; 1445–1516), son of regent Mitsuie, was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the Muromachi period (1336–1573). He held a regent position kampaku from 1476 to 1479. Kujō Hisatsune was his son.
Defence of Iwardo
The defence of Iwardo (Syriac: ܥܝܢ ܘܪܕܐ - Iwardo, alternatively In Wardo, Ayin Warda, Ain Wardo, Ayn Wardo) was a military engagement between Ottoman authorities and Assyrian defenders in 1915, during the events of the Assyrian genocide. The defence of Iwardo is coupled with the defence of Azakh, which also took place around the same time.

Like that of Azakh, the story of the defence of Iwardo remains significant to the memory of the Assyrian genocide. Survivors have testified about the events during and after the defence, and it is one of the only successful episodes of Assyrian resistance to the genocide.

Defense of Azakh
The Defense of Azakh took place between August 18, 1915 and November 21, 1915 and was one of the few remaining pockets of resistance during the Assyrian genocide that took place in Azakh (Syriac: ܐܙܟ, romanized: Azakh). The Azakh defense was coupled with the Defense of Iwardo, which also took place during Sayfo.

The story of the defense remains significant to the memory of the survivors of the massacre and their descendants, as it showed the willingness of the Assyrians to defend themselves and their homeland at a dangerous time. Despite the attempts of Ottoman authorities and Kurdish tribes to inflict more death on the Christians of Azakh, they were unsuccessful and were eventually forced to withdraw their forces.
Johann Strauss I
Johann Baptist Strauss I (/straʊs/; German: [ˈjoːhan bapˈtɪst ˈʃtʁaʊs]; 14 March 1804 – 25 September 1849), also known as Johann Strauss Sr., the Elder or the Father (German: Johann Strauß Vater), was an Austrian composer of the Romantic Period. He was famous for his light music, namely waltzes, polkas, and galops, which he popularized alongside Joseph Lanner, thereby setting the foundations for his sons—Johann, Josef and Eduard—to carry on his musical dynasty. He is best known for his composition of the Radetzky March (named after Joseph Radetzky von Radetz).

Eduard Strauss
Eduard "Edi" Strauss (15 March 1835 – 28 December 1916) was an Austrian composer who, together with his brothers Johann Strauss II and Josef Strauss made up the Strauss musical dynasty. He was the son of Johann Strauss I and Maria Anna Streim.  The family dominated the Viennese light music world for decades, creating many waltzes and polkas for many Austrian nobility as well as dance-music enthusiasts around Europe. He was affectionately known in his family as 'Edi'.
Jinping-II Dam
The Jinping-II Dam (simplified Chinese: 锦屏二级水电站; traditional Chinese: 錦屏二級水電站; pinyin: Jǐnpíng Èrjí Shuǐdiàn Zhàn), also known as the Jinping-II Hydropower Station, is a gravity dam on the Jinping Bend of the Yalong River (Yalong Jiang) in Sichuan, China. Construction on the project began in 2007 and it was complete in 2014. Its hydroelectric power station has a 4,800 MW installed capacity.

While Jinping-I relies on a conventional tall dam and large reservoir to supply water, Jinping-II uses a much smaller dam, located 7.5 km downstream of Jinping-I, to divert water into four 16.6 km long headrace tunnels.  These tunnels connect to a downstream point on the same river at a much lower elevation, providing a 310 m (1,020 ft) head of water without flooding a large area of land.

Jinping-I Dam
The Jinping-I Dam  (simplified Chinese: 锦屏一级水电站; traditional Chinese: 錦屏一級水電站) also known as the Jinping-I Hydropower Station or Jinping 1st Cascade, is a tall arch dam on the Jinping Bend of the Yalong River (Yalong Jiang) in Liangshan, Sichuan, China. Construction on the project began in 2005 and was completed in 2014. Its power station has a 3,600 MW capacity to produce between 16 and 18 TW·h (billion kW·h) annually. Supplying the power station is a reservoir created by the 305-meter-tall arch dam, the tallest in the world. The project's objective is to supply energy for expanding industrialization and urbanization, improve flood protection, and prevent erosion.
Orchid Graphics Adapter
The Orchid Graphics Adapter is a graphics board for IBM PC compatible computers, released in 1982 by Orchid Technology.

It was intended to provide high resolution (at the time) monochrome graphic abilities to computers limited to text displays. It was aimed at the business market and one of the three first third party graphic boards for PCs (the others being Plantronics Colorplus and Hercules Graphics Card).

It offered a monochrome 720 × 350 pixel resolution (similar to Hercules Graphics Card) and required an existing MDA board to function. The board also offered an IBM PC joystick adapter.

No software, other than GSX-86 and that supplied with the board (Dr. Halo by Media Cybernetics), offered support for the hardware. Graphic routines could be called from FORTRAN, PASCAL or IBM BASIC.

IBM Monochrome Display Adapter
The Monochrome Display Adapter  (MDA, also MDA card, Monochrome Display and Printer Adapter, MDPA) is IBM's standard video display card and computer display standard for the IBM PC introduced in 1981. The MDA does not have any pixel-addressable graphics modes, only a single monochrome text mode which can display 80 columns by 25 lines of high-resolution text characters or symbols useful for drawing forms.
Jihadi John
Mohammed Emwazi (born Muhammad Jassim Abdulkarim Olayan al-Dhafiri; Arabic: محمد جاسم عبد الكريم عليان الظفيري;‎ 17 August 1988 – 12 November 2015) was a British militant of Kuwaiti origin seen in several videos produced by the Islamist extremist group Islamic State (IS) showing the beheadings of a number of captives in 2014 and 2015. A group of his hostages nicknamed him "John" since he was part of a four-person terrorist cell with English accents whom they called 'The Beatles'; the press later began calling him "Jihadi John".

On 12 November 2015, US officials reported that he had been hit by a drone strike in Raqqa, Syria. His death was confirmed by IS in January 2016.

The Beatles (terrorist cell)
"The Beatles" was the nickname for an Islamic State cell composed of four British militants. The terrorist group was named by their hostages after the English rock group The Beatles, referring to the members as "John", "Paul", "George", and "Ringo".

The group carried out the 2014 beheadings in Iraq and Syria of American journalists James Foley and Steven Sotloff, and British aid workers David Haines and Alan Henning. The group also held more than 20 Western hostages of ISIS in Western Raqqa, Syria. They were reportedly harsher than other ISIS guards, torturing captives with electroshock weapons and subjecting them to mock executions (including a crucifixion) and waterboarding.

In November 2015, one of the militants was killed and one was arrested and imprisoned in Turkey. Two were captured in early 2018, transferred to U.S. military custody, and sentenced to life imprisonment in the U.S. in 2022.
2025 Men's Pan American Cup
The 2025 Men's Pan American Cup was the seventh edition of the Men's Pan American Cup, the quadrennial international men's field hockey championship of the Americas organised by the Pan American Hockey Federation. The tournament was held alongside the women's tournament at the Cancha Celeste in Montevideo, Uruguay from 24 July to 3 August 2025.

Argentina were the three-time defending champions and defended their title with a win over the United States. As a result, they qualified for the 2026 Men's FIH Hockey World Cup in the Netherlands and Belgium. The next three best ranked teams qualified for the 2026 World Cup Qualifiers.

2025 Women's Pan American Cup
The 2025 Women's Pan American Cup was the seventh edition of the Women's Pan American Cup, the quadrennial international women's field hockey championship of the Americas organised by the Pan American Hockey Federation. The tournament was held alongside the men's tournament in Montevideo, Uruguay from 24 July to 3 August 2025.

Argentina were the defending champions and retained their title with a 3–0 win over the United States in the final. In the bronze medal match, Uruguay made history, defeating Chile 2–0 to win their first ever Pan American Cup medal.

The tournament served as the Pan American qualifier for the 2026 FIH World Cup, with the winner of the tournament earning direct qualification. As Argentina had already qualified via the 2024–25 FIH Pro League, their qualification quota passed to the United States.
WVQM
WVQM (101.3 FM) is a commercial radio station in Augusta, Maine, United States. It simulcasts a talk radio format with 103.9 WVOM-FM in Bangor. The stations are owned by Blueberry Broadcasting. The studios and offices are on Target Industrial Circle in Bangor with additional studios at Community Drive in Augusta.

WVQM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 41,000 watts.  The transmitter is on Winthrop Street in Hallowell, Maine.

WVOM-FM
WVOM-FM (103.9 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station licensed to Howland, Maine, and serving Central and Downeast Maine, including Bangor.  It airs a talk radio format and is owned by Maine-based Blueberry Broadcasting which is headed by Louis Vitale and Bruce Biette.  WVOM-FM is known as "The Voice of Maine".

The studios and offices are located on Target Industrial Circle in Bangor.  The transmitter, powered at 90,000 watts, is on a mountaintop near Burlington.  WVOM-FM is simulcast on WVQM (101.3 FM) in Augusta, which extends the station's programming to the capital region.
M39 cannon
The M39 cannon is a 20 mm caliber single-barreled revolver cannon developed for the United States Air Force in the late 1940s. It was used on a number of fighter aircraft from the early 1950s through the 1980s. The M61 Vulcan has replaced it in most roles.

M61 Vulcan
The M61 Vulcan is a hydraulically, electrically, or pneumatically driven, six-barrel, air-cooled, electrically fired Gatling-style rotary cannon which fires 20 mm × 102 mm (0.787 in × 4.016 in) rounds at an extremely high rate (typically 6,000 rounds per minute). The M61 and its derivatives have been the principal cannon armament of United States military fixed-wing aircraft for over sixty years.

Designed in 1946 by General Electric, the Vulcan entered service with the U.S. military in 1959. As of 2000, it was produced by General Dynamics. It is also manufactured under license in Japan by Sumitomo Heavy Industries for Japan's Self-Defense Force and by SNT Dynamics in South Korea.
Abdul Haq Wasiq
Abdul Haq Wasiq (Pashto: عبد الحق واثق [ˈabdʊl haq wɑˈsɪq]; born 1971) is the Director of Intelligence of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan since September 7, 2021. He was previously the Deputy Minister of Intelligence in the former Taliban government (1996–2001). He was held in extrajudicial detention in the Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba, from 2002 to 2014. His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 4. American intelligence analysts estimate that he was born in 1971 in Ghazni Province, Afghanistan.

Abdul Haq Wasiq arrived at the Guantanamo detention camps on January 11, 2002, and he was held there until May 31, 2014. He was released, along with the other four members of the so-called Taliban Five—Mohammad Fazl, Khairullah Khairkhwa, Norullah Noori, and Mohammad Nabi Omari—in exchange for the release of United States Army soldier Bowe Bergdahl, who had been held captive by the Taliban-aligned Haqqani network.

Mohammad Fazel Mazlum
Mohammad Fazel Mazlum (Pashto: محمدفاضل مظلوم [mʊˈhamad fɑˈzɪl]; born 1967) is a member of the Taliban militant group and the First Deputy Defense Minister of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, having assumed the role on 7 September 2021. He also served in the position during the previous Taliban government (1996–2001).

He was held in the Guantanamo Bay detention camps in Cuba for 12 years after being classified as an enemy combatant by the United States. His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 7. He arrived at the Guantanamo detention camps on 11 January 2002 and was held there until 31 May 2014. He was released, along with the other four members of the so-called Taliban Five—Khairullah Khairkhwa, Abdul Haq Wasiq, Norullah Noori, and Mohammad Nabi Omari—in exchange for the release of United States Army soldier Bowe Bergdahl, a convicted deserter who had been held captive by the Taliban-aligned Haqqani network.
July 2009 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Tuesday, July 7, 2009, with an umbral magnitude of −0.9116. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring only about 8 hours before apogee (on July 7, 2009, at 17:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller. This eclipse entered only the southernmost tip of the penumbral shadow and thus was predicted to be very difficult to observe visually.

This eclipse was the second of four lunar eclipses in 2009, with the others occurring on February 9 (penumbral), August 6 (penumbral), and December 31 (partial).

August 2009 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Thursday, August 6, 2009, with an umbral magnitude of −0.6642. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 2.1 days after apogee (on August 3, 2009, at 22:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

This eclipse was the third of four lunar eclipses in 2009, with the others occurring on February 9 (penumbral), July 7 (penumbral), and December 31 (partial).
South African Premiership
The South African Premiership, also known as the Betway Premiership for sponsorship reasons, and commonly referred to as the PSL after its governing body, is a professional soccer league in South Africa and the highest level of the South African soccer league system. It has been organised since 1996.

The 2024–25 season started on 14 September 2024, Mamelodi Sundowns successfully defended the title in 2025 which they've held continuously since the 2017–18 season.

Premier Soccer League
The Premier Soccer League (PSL) is the administrative body for professional soccer leagues and cups in South Africa. It is based in Johannesburg, and was founded in 1996 following an agreement between the National Soccer League and the remnants of the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL).

Affiliated to the South African Football Association (SAFA), the PSL organizes the country's top two professional divisions in the South African Premiership and the National First Division, and knockout cup competitions in the Nedbank Cup and the MTN 8. Teams that are relegated from the National First Division compete in the SAFA Second Division. They also organize a Youth League or PSL Reserve League DStv Diski Challenge.
Principality of Göttingen
The Principality of Göttingen (German: Fürstentum Göttingen) was a subdivision of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg in the Holy Roman Empire, with Göttingen as its capital. It was split off  from the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel in 1286 in the course of an estate division among members of the ruling House of Welf. In 1495 the Göttingen lands were incorporated as integral part of the newly established Brunswick Principality of Calenberg, with which they stayed united until the territory was merged into the Electorate of Hanover.

Principality of Calenberg
The Principality of Calenberg was a dynastic division of the Welf Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg established in 1432. Calenberg was ruled by the House of Hanover (from the Principality of Lüneburg) from 1635 onwards; the princes received the ninth electoral dignity of the Holy Roman Empire in 1692. Their territory became the nucleus of the Electorate of Hanover, ruled in personal union with the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1714 onwards. The principality received its name from Calenberg Castle, a residence of the Brunswick dukes.
Hotpoint
Hotpoint is a brand of domestic appliances. In Europe, the brand is part of the portfolio of Beko Europe, a joint venture between Arçelik and Whirlpool Corporation, while in the Americas it is used by GE Appliances, a subsidiary of Haier.

Whirlpool Corporation
Whirlpool Corporation is an American multinational manufacturer and marketer of home appliances headquartered in Benton Charter Township, Michigan, United States. In 2023, the Fortune 500 company had an annual revenue of approximately $19 billion in sales, around 59,000 employees, and more than 55 manufacturing and technology research centers globally.

The company's flagship brand, Whirlpool, is marketed alongside a range of other brands including Maytag, KitchenAid, JennAir, Amana, Gladiator GarageWorks, Inglis, Estate, Brastemp, Bauknecht, InSinkErator, and Consul.

In its domestic U.S. market, Whirlpool has eleven manufacturing facilities which employs about 15,000 workers.
Casanova (rapper)
Caswell Senior (born October 27, 1986), known professionally as Casanova, is an American rapper from Brooklyn, New York City. In October 2016, following the local success of his debut single "Don't Run", he signed with Memphis Bleek's Warehouse Music Group and Jay-Z's Roc Nation.

In 2020, he was indicted on RICO charges alongside 17 others, due to various criminal activities that his Bloods gang "Untouchable Gorilla Stone Nation" allegedly participated in, and sentenced to 15 years.

Memphis Bleek
Malik Deshawn Cox (born June 23, 1978), known by his stage name Memphis Bleek, is an American rapper. He is best known for his affiliation with fellow New York City-based rapper Jay-Z, with Cox often described as his hype man and protégé. Cox signed with his Roc-A-Fella Records label imprint in the late 1990s, through which he has released four major label studio albums: Coming of Age (1999), The Understanding (2000), M.A.D.E. (2003), and 534 (2005). He has since founded his own labels: Get Low Records in 1998, and Warehouse Music Group in 2016—through which he signed rapper Casanova.
Ashdown Formation
The Ashdown Formation is a geological unit, which forms part of the Wealden Group and the lowermost and oldest part of the now unofficial Hastings Beds. These geological units make up the core of the Weald in the English counties of East Sussex and Kent.

The other component formations of the Hastings Beds are the overlying Wadhurst Clay Formation and the Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation. The Hastings Beds in turn forms part of the Wealden Supergroup which underlies much of South East England. The sediments of the Weald of East Sussex, including the Ashdown Formation, were deposited during the Early Cretaceous Period, which lasted for approximately 40 million years from 140 to 100 million years ago. The Ashdown Formation is of Late Berriasian to Early Valanginian to  age. The formation takes its name from the Ashdown Forest in the High Weald of Sussex.

Wadhurst Clay Formation
The Wadhurst Clay Formation is a geological unit which forms part of the Wealden Group and the middle part of the now unofficial Hastings Beds. These geological units make up the core of the geology of the High Weald in the English counties of West Sussex, East Sussex and Kent.

The other component formations of the Hastings Beds are the underlying Ashdown Formation and the overlying Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation. The Hastings Beds in turn form part of the Wealden Group which underlies much of southeast England. The sediments of the Weald, including the Wadhurst Clay Formation, were deposited during the Early Cretaceous Period, which lasted for approximately 40 million years from 140 to 100 million years ago. The Wadhurst Clay is of Early to Late Valanginian age. The Formation takes its name from the market town of Wadhurst in East Sussex.
Yukaghir languages
The Yukaghir languages (/ˈjuːkəɡɪər/ YOO-kə-geer or /juːkəˈɡɪər/ yoo-kə-GEER; also Yukagir, Jukagir) are a small family of two closely related surviving languages—Tundra and Kolyma Yukaghir—spoken by the Yukaghir in the Russian Far East living in the basin of the Kolyma River. At the 2002 Russian census, both Yukaghir languages taken together had 604 speakers. More recent reports from the field reveal that this number is far too high: Southern Yukaghir was reported to have had a maximum of 60 fluent speakers in 2009, while the Tundra Yukaghir language had around 60–70. The entire family, as such, is regarded as moribund. The Yukaghir have experienced a politically imposed language shift in recent times, resulting in a majority of speakers also speaking Russian and Yakut.

In the 2020–2021 Russian census, 516 people reported speaking a Yukaghir language as their native language.

Tundra Yukaghir language
The Tundra Yukaghir language (also known as Northern Yukaghir; self-designation: Вадул аруу (Wadul aruu)) is one of only two extant Yukaghir languages.
Last spoken in the tundra belt extending between the lower Indigirka to the lower Kolyma basin (69°N 154°E﻿ / ﻿69°N 154°E﻿ / 69; 154), Tundra Yukaghir was formerly spoken in a much wider area extending west to the Lena basin.