hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ceylon Defence Force
The Ceylon Defence Force (CDF) was established in 1910 by the Ceylonese legislation Ceylon Defence Force Ordinance, which reformed the Ceylon Volunteer Force (CVF) that existed previously as the military reserve in the British Crown colony of Ceylon. At the time of forming it was only a reserve force but soon developed into a regular force responsible for the defence of Ceylon. The CDF was under the command of the General Officer Commanding, Ceylon of the British Army in Ceylon if mobilised. However mobilisation could be carried out only under orders from the Governor.

Colombo Town Guard
Colombo Town Guard was a regiment attached to the Ceylon Defence Force which was the predecessor to the Sri Lanka Army prior to 1949 when the Ceylon Army was formed. It was a volunteer (reserve) regiment was based in Colombo.
Zamoyski family entail
The Zamoyski family entail (Polish: Ordynacja Zamojska) was one of the first and largest fee tails in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was owned by the Zamoyski family, the richest aristocratic family in Poland. It was established upon the request of Crown Hetman Jan Zamoyski, on 8 July 1589. The fee existed until the end of World War II, when it was abolished by the communist government of the People's Republic of Poland, which in 1944 initiated an agricultural reform.

Jan Zamoyski
Jan Sariusz Zamoyski (Latin: Ioannes Zamoyski de Zamoscie; 19 March 1542 – 3 June 1605) was a Polish nobleman, magnate, statesman and the 1st ordynat of Zamość. He served as the Royal Secretary from 1565, Deputy Chancellor from 1576, Grand Chancellor of the Crown from 1578, and Great Hetman of the Crown from 1581.

Zamoyski was the General Starost of the city of Kraków from 1580 to 1585, Starost of Bełz, Międzyrzecz, Krzeszów, Knyszyn and Tartu. An important advisor to Kings Sigismund II Augustus and Stephen Báthory, he was one of the major opponents of Bathory's successor, Sigismund III Vasa, and one of the most skilled diplomats, politicians and statesmen of his time, standing as a major figure in the politics of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth throughout his life.
Henry Haslam (footballer)
Henry North Haslam (5 June 1879 – 13 October 1942) was a British footballer who played as an outside-left. He represented Great Britain at the 1900 Olympic Games in Paris, where he won a gold medal as the captain of the Upton Park club team.

Born in Worksop, his father was the estate manager for the Duke of Newcastle's estates in Newark and Nottingham. Haslam attended Uppingham School and played football and cricket for Worksop.

He played for Tonbridge, with whom he toured Belgium in 1900, and with Upton Park during four continental tours. He also played for Tunbridge Wells, Barnet, and West Norwood.

Haslam was a reservist with the West Yorkshire Regiment between 1915 and 1920. In 1926, he was convicted for shopbreaking and sentenced to 12 months imprisonment with hard labour, and in 1937 was imprisoned for three months for theft.

Upton Park F.C.
Upton Park Football Club is an amateur football club from Upton Park, then in Essex but now part of the London Borough of Newham, in the late 19th and early 20th century, now defunct. As well as being one of the fifteen teams that played in the inaugural FA Cup in 1871, they also represented Great Britain at the first Olympic football tournament in 1900, which they won.
Lanzarote Airport
César Manrique-Lanzarote Airport (IATA: ACE, ICAO: GCRR) — commonly known as Lanzarote Airport and also known as Arrecife Airport — is an airport serving the island of Lanzarote in the Canary Islands. The airport is located in San Bartolomé, Las Palmas, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southwest of the island's capital, Arrecife. It handles flights to many European airports, with hundreds of thousands of tourists each year, as well as domestic flights to other Spanish airports. It handled 7,350,451 passengers in 2022.

Arrecife
Arrecife (/ˌærəˈsiːfeɪ/; Spanish: [areˈθife] ⓘ; locally [areˈsife]) is the capital city and a municipality of Lanzarote in the Canary Islands. It was made the island's capital in 1852. The city owes its name to the rock reef ("arrecife" being Spanish for "reef") which covers its local beach. It also gives its name to the nearby Arrecife Airport. The population of the municipality was 64,645 in 2020. Its area is 22.72 square kilometres (8.77 sq mi).

Arrecife is located south of Teguise and east of San Bartolomé, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to its southeast. It is a port town, served by ferries to the other Canary Islands, Europe, and Africa. The LZ1 road connects Arrecife to the northeast of the island, the LZ2 road connects it to the southwest, and the LZ3 road serves as the city's beltway. The tallest building in Lanzarote is the Arrecife Gran Hotel, which is located on the seafront alongside the harbour.
Albert Sherman Christensen
Albert Sherman Christensen (June 9, 1905 – August 13, 1996) was a trial attorney, author, and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Utah. Christensen was the first member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to be appointed in Utah. He authored six books, volumes of poetry, and many legal articles. One of Christensen's most significant contributions to the legal community was his establishment of the United States' first American Inn of Court in 1980.

American Inns of Court
American Inns of Court (AIC) are an amalgam of judges, lawyers, and in some cases, law professors and law students. They are designed to improve the skills, professionalism and ethics of the bench and bar. Each Inn meets approximately once a month both to "break bread" and to hold programs and discussions on matters of ethics, skills, and professionalism.
Kanklės of Vilnius Society
Kanklės of Vilnius Society (kanklės is a Lithuanian folk instrument; Lithuanian: Vaidintojų, muzikantų ir dainuotojų draugija "Vilniaus kanklės") was a cultural society of Lithuanians active in Vilnius, then part of the Russian Empire, from 1905 to 1908. It was one of the first legal Lithuanian societies in Vilnius. It organized amateur theater performances, concerts and dances, and other cultural events. The society was chaired by Gabrielius Landsbergis-Žemkalnis who directed and staged its plays. The society was most active in 1906 when, among other plays, it staged the historical drama Pilėnų kunigaikštis (Duke of Pilėnai), two operettas by Mikas Petrauskas, and the first Lithuanian opera Birutė. However, due to internal disagreements and financial difficulties, the activities started to diminish in 1907 and the society become inactive in 1908. In its mission, Kanklės was succeeded by the more successful Rūta Society.

Birutė (opera)
Birutė is a two-act opera composed by Mikas Petrauskas based on the play by Gabrielius Landsbergis-Žemkalnis. It was first performed on 6 November 1906 in Vilnius and became the first Lithuanian national opera. The plot is based on the medieval legend about the love between Birutė and Grand Duke of Lithuania Kęstutis recorded in the Lithuanian Chronicles. The opera was written for the amateur Lithuanian performers and thus is mostly valued for its historical significance.
Scampia
40°54′00″N 14°14′24″E﻿ / ﻿40.90000°N 14.24000°E﻿ / 40.90000; 14.24000

Scampia (Italian: [skamˈpiːa]; Neapolitan: Scampìa) is a modern suburb in the far north of Naples, whose population is about 80,000. To its south are the suburbs of Piscinola, Miano and Secondigliano.

It was built during the second half of the twentieth century. Scampia borders to the south with the Piscinola and Miano suburbs, to the south-east with the Secondigliano district, to the east with the municipality of Arzano; to the north with the municipalities of Casandrino and Melito di Napoli, and to the west with the municipality of Mugnano di Napoli.

Secondigliano
Secondigliano (Italian: [sekondiʎˈʎaːno]; Neapolitan: [sikunniʝˈʝɑːnə]) is a suburb in the north of Naples, Campania, Italy. It is part of the 7th municipality of Naples, along with the suburbs of Miano and San Pietro a Patierno.

An ancient rural farmhouse, first mentioned in 1113, developed thanks to its strategic location along major communication routes.

Annexed to Naples in 1926, it experienced significant urbanization in the post-war period. Today, it is a densely populated district with a diverse urban fabric and a strong historical identity.
4-HO-DPT
4-HO-DPT, also known as 4-hydroxy-N,N-dipropyltryptamine or as deprocin, is a psychedelic drug of the tryptamine and 4-hydroxytryptamine families related to psilocin (4-HO-DMT). It is taken orally.

The drug acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. It produces psychedelic-like effects in animals. The drug is closely structurally related to other psychedelic tryptamines such as dipropyltryptamine (DPT), 5-MeO-DPT, and psilocin (4-HO-DMT), among others.

4-HO-DPT was first described in the scientific literature by David Repke and colleagues in 1977. It was encountered as a novel designer drug in 2012. A presumed prodrug, 4-AcO-DPT, is also known, and has likewise been encountered as a designer drug.

David Repke
David Repke, or David B. Repke, is an American medicinal chemist who has done work in the area of psychedelic drugs. He and his colleagues are known to have been the first to synthesize and describe a number of notable psychedelic tryptamines, including 4-HO-MET, 4-HO-MPT, 4-HO-DPT, 4-HO-DBT, 4-HO-DiPT, MiPT, 4-HO-MiPT, 5-MeO-MiPT, 4-HO-McPeT, and 4-HO-pyr-T, among others. He is known to have collaborated with Alexander Shulgin and Dennis McKenna on scientific work. Repke has also published a book on the entheogenic use of Anadenanthera in South America that was coauthored with Constantino Manuel Torres.
Turtle (syntax)
In computing, Terse RDF Triple Language (Turtle) is a syntax and file format for expressing data in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) data model. Turtle syntax is similar to that of SPARQL, an RDF query language. It is a common data format for storing RDF data, along with N-Triples, JSON-LD and RDF/XML.

RDF represents information using semantic triples, which comprise a subject, predicate, and object. Each item in the triple is expressed as a Web URI. Turtle provides a way to group three URIs to make a triple, and provides ways to abbreviate such information, for example by factoring out common portions of URIs. For example, information about Huckleberry Finn could be expressed as:

SPARQL
SPARQL (pronounced "sparkle", a recursive acronym for SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) is an RDF query language—that is, a semantic query language for databases—able to retrieve and manipulate data stored in Resource Description Framework (RDF) format. It was made a standard by the RDF Data Access Working Group (DAWG) of the World Wide Web Consortium, and is recognized as one of the key technologies of the semantic web. On 15 January 2008, SPARQL 1.0 was acknowledged by W3C as an official recommendation, and SPARQL 1.1 in March, 2013.

SPARQL allows for a query to consist of triple patterns, conjunctions, disjunctions, and optional patterns.

Implementations for multiple programming languages exist. There exist tools that allow one to connect and semi-automatically construct a SPARQL query for a SPARQL endpoint, for example ViziQuer.
In addition, tools exist to translate SPARQL queries to other query languages, for example to SQL and to XQuery.
2022–23 Belarusian Cup
2022–23 Belarusian Cup , known as the Parimatch-Belarus Cup for sponsorship purposes, was the 32nd season of the Belarusian annual cup competition. Contrary to the league season, it is conducted in a fall-spring rhythm. The competition started on 29 April 2022 and ended with the final match in May 2023. The winner of the cup, Torpedo-BelAZ Zhodino, qualified for the second qualifying round of the 2023–24 UEFA Europa Conference League.

The defending champions were FC Gomel.

FC Torpedo-BelAZ Zhodino
FC Torpedo-BelAZ Zhodino or FK Tarpeda-BelAZ Zhodzina (Belarusian: ФК Тарпеда-БелАЗ Жодзіна; Russian: Футбольный клуб Торпедо-БелАЗ Жодино, Futbolniy klub Torpedo-BelAZ Zhodino) is a Belarusian football club based in Zhodzina (Zhodino). They play in the Belarusian Premier League, the top division in Belarusian football. Their home stadium is Torpedo Stadium.

The club is sponsored by the city's machine building factory BelAZ.
Hawks of Daugava
Hawks of Daugava (Latin: Daugavas Vanagi) is a Latvian nationalist, antisoviet organization. It was created after World War II in a prisoner of war camp in Zedelgem, Belgium, on 28 December 1945. The founders and members of the organization were former Latvian Legionnaires.

The organization's center was located in Münster (FRG); branches were created in twelve Western countries. The organization had more than 9,000 members in 135 local branches.

The initial goal of the organization was to help veterans of the Latvian Legion and their families. The society actively participated in marches on the Legionnaire Day on 16 March. The chairman was Artūrs Silgailis, one of the organizers of the movement was Kārlis Lobe. Famous members of the organization included: Vilis Janums, General Rūdolfs Bangerskis and Zenta Mauriņa.

Latvian Legion
The Latvian Legion (Latvian: Latviešu leģions) was a formation of the Nazi German Waffen-SS during World War II. Formed in 1943, it consisted primarily of ethnic Latvian men. The legion initially consisted of two divisions of the Waffen-SS: the 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian), and the 19th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (2nd Latvian). Later in the war, Arajs Kommando was disbanded and some of its members were transferred to the Latvian Legion.

The 15th Division was administratively subordinated to the VI SS Corps, but operationally it was in reserve or at the disposal of the XXXXIII Army Corps, 16th Army, Army Group North. The 19th Division held out in the Courland Pocket until May 1945, the close of World War II, when it was among the last of Nazi Germany's forces to surrender.
Potash
Potash (/ˈpɒtæʃ/ POT-ash) are mined and manufactured salts that contain potassium in water-soluble form. The term potash derives from pot ash, either plant ashes or wood ashes that were soaked in water in a pot, which was the primary means of manufacturing potash before the Industrial Era; the word potassium derives from the term potash.

In 2021, the worldwide production of potash exceeded 71.9 million tonnes (~45.4 million tonnes K2O equivalent), and Canada is the greatest producer of potash as fertilizer. Potassium was first derived in 1807 by electrolysis of caustic potash (potassium hydroxide).

Potassium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, and is commonly called caustic potash.

Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), KOH is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications, most of which utilize its caustic nature and its reactivity toward acids. About 2.5 million tonnes were produced in 2023. KOH is noteworthy as the precursor to most soft and liquid soaps, as well as numerous potassium-containing chemicals.  It is a white solid that is dangerously corrosive.
Colorado State Highway 119
State Highway 119 (SH 119) is a 63.7-mile-long (102.5 km) state highway in north central Colorado. It extends in a southwest to northeast direction, from a junction with U.S. Route 6 (US 6) in Clear Creek Canyon between Golden and Idaho Springs to a junction with Interstate 25 (I-25) east of Longmont.
The southwest portion of the road is a scenic mountain drive providing dramatic vistas of the Front Range, while the northeast portion is a busy interurban thoroughfare. The city of Boulder separates these two vastly different sections of SH 119.

Longmont, Colorado
Longmont is a home rule city located in Boulder and Weld counties, Colorado, United States. Its population was 98,885 as of the 2020 U.S. census.  Longmont is located northeast of the county seat of Boulder. It is named after Longs Peak, a prominent mountain that is clearly visible from the city (mont means "mountain" in French).
Katarina Dalayman
Katarina Dalayman (born January 25, 1963, in Stockholm) is a Swedish former soprano who has transitioned into a mezzosoprano. She has received critical acclaim singing major operatic roles by composers such as Wagner, Berg, Shostakovich and Bartók, among others. In a 2005 interview, she commented that Wagner's music "[has] always been closest to my heart, always, since I started singing".

In 2000 she was made a Swedish Court Singer by His Majesty Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden.

Hovsångare
The titles hovsångare (Swedish: [ˈhôːvˌsɔŋːarɛ], literally "Court Singer") for men and hovsångerska (Swedish: [ˈhôːvˌsɔŋːɛʂka]) for women are awarded by the Swedish monarch to a singer (usually an opera singer) who, by their vocal art, has contributed to the international standing of Swedish singing. The formal title was introduced by King Gustav III of Sweden in 1773, with the first recipients being Elisabeth Olin and Carl Stenborg. The position as such, however, dates back to the 17th century, when Anne Chabanceau de La Barre and Joseph Chabanceau de La Barre were singers at the court of Queen Christina of Sweden.
Archdiocese of Strasbourg
The Archdiocese of Strasbourg (Latin: Archidioecesis Argentoratensis o Argentinensis; French: Archidiocèse de Strasbourg; German: Erzbistum Straßburg; Alsatian: Ärzbischofsìtz Strossburi(g)) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France, first mentioned in 343 AD.

It is one of nine archbishoprics in France that has no suffragan dioceses. It is the only archdiocese which is exempt and not within the ecclesiastical province of a metropolitan.

The current archbishop is Pascal Delannoy, who was installed on 21 April 2024.

Exemption (Catholic canon law)
In the Catholic Church, an exemption is the full or partial release of an ecclesiastical person, corporation, or institution from the authority of the ecclesiastical superior next higher in rank. For example, the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg, and the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem are exempt, being directly subject to the Holy See.

See exempt dioceses for a list of exempt entities.
Kianggeh Muslim Cemetery
The Kianggeh Dagang Muslim Cemetery (Malay: Tanah Perkuburan Islam Kianggeh Dagang), simply known as Kianggeh Muslim Cemetery, is a Muslim burial ground located at Kianggeh in Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital of Brunei Darussalam. The cemetery was formerly a Royal burial ground which known as Bukit Tinggi Royal Mausoleum which served as resting place for past Sultans of Brunei. The first Sultan of Brunei buried here was Sultan Saiful Rijal, the 7th Sultan of Brunei who died in 1581.

Saiful Rijal
Saiful Rijal (died c. 1581) was the sultan of Brunei from 1530 until 1581, the year he is alleged to have died. He was succeeded by his eldest son Shah Brunei.

Its as during his reign, when the Castilian War occurred between the empires of the Brunei and Spain. In addition to the Philippines, he was also renowned for spreading Islamic teachings throughout Borneo. According to folk tales about his palace being located on King's Island (Pulau Raja) in Jerudong. The sultan was also known as Sultan Lixar, and Sultan Nula Alan by the Spaniards.
Patna–Gaya Passenger
The Patna–Gaya Passenger is an express train belonging to East Central Railway zone that runs between Patna Junction and Gaya Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 53213/53214 train numbers on a daily basis.

Gaya Junction railway station
Gayaji Junction railway station is a junction station serving the city of Gayaji, the headquarters of Gayaji district and Magadh Division in the Indian state of Bihar. Gaya is in the Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya railway division of the East Central Railway zone. Grand Chord rail-line that connects Howrah and New Delhi passes through Gaya. It lies between Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction on the Delhi side and Dhanbad Junction on the Howrah side. It is located at 24°48′13″N 84°59′57″E﻿ / ﻿24.80361°N 84.99917°E﻿ / 24.80361; 84.99917. It has an elevation of 117 metres (384 ft). Gaya is connected with most of the states through rail network.

There are also two other broad-gauge train lines from Gayaji, one to Patna and the other to Kiul Junction. The city has two major railway stations: Gaya Junction & Manpur Junction. Gaya is well connected with Patna, Jehanabad, Biharsharif, Rajgir, Islampur, Nawada, Dehri on sone through daily passenger and express train services.
Pseudostenophylax
Pseudostenophylax is a genus of northern caddisflies in the family Limnephilidae. There are at least 80 described species in Pseudostenophylax.

The type species for Pseudostenophylax is Pseudostenophylax fumosus A.V. Martynov.

Limnephilidae
Limnephilidae is a family of caddisflies with about 100 genera and almost 900 described species. They belong to the main lineage of case-constructing caddisflies, the Integripalpia or tube-case caddisflies. The Limnephilidae is one of the most species-rich Trichoptera families of northern temperate regions, but only a few are known from tropical areas and the Southern Hemisphere. For this reason they are often known as northern caddisflies.
Venus (mythology)
Venus (/ˈviːnəs/; Classical Latin: [ˈwɛnʊs]) is a Roman goddess whose functions encompass love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity, and victory. In Roman mythology, she was the ancestor of the Roman people through her son, Aeneas, who survived the fall of Troy and fled to Italy. Julius Caesar claimed her as his ancestor. Venus was central to many religious festivals, and was revered in Roman religion under numerous cult titles.

The Romans adapted the myths and iconography of her Greek counterpart Aphrodite for Roman art and Latin literature. In the later classical tradition of the West, Venus became one of the most widely referenced deities of Greco-Roman mythology as the embodiment of love and sexuality. As such, she is usually depicted nude.

Astarte
Astarte (/əˈstɑːrtiː/; Ancient Greek: Ἀστάρτη, romanized: Astártē) is the Hellenized form of the Ancient Near Eastern goddess ʿAṯtart. ʿAṯtart was the Northwest Semitic equivalent of the East Semitic goddess Ishtar.

Astarte was worshipped from the Bronze Age through classical antiquity, and her name is particularly associated with her worship in the ancient Levant among the Canaanites and Phoenicians, though she was originally associated with Amorite cities like Ugarit and Emar, as well as Mari and Ebla. She was also celebrated in Egypt, especially during the reign of the Ramessides, following the importation of foreign cults there. Phoenicians introduced her cult in their colonies on the Iberian Peninsula.
Arvin Amatorio
Arvin Amatorio (born 5 June 1971) is a Filipino-American attorney and politician, currently serving his second term as the mayor of Bergenfield, New Jersey. Amatorio ran unopposed during his reelection in the November 2023 general elections. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as a two-term councilman and council president.

Bergenfield, New Jersey
Bergenfield is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 28,321, an increase of 1,557 (+5.8%) from the 2010 census count of 26,764, which in turn reflected an increase of 517 (+2.0%) from the 26,247 counted in the 2000 census.

New Jersey Monthly magazine ranked Bergenfield as its 211th best place to live in its 2010 rankings of the "Best Places To Live" in New Jersey. The magazine ranked Bergenfield as its 231st best place to live in its 2008 rankings of the "Best Places To Live".

NeighborhoodScout named Bergenfield as the safest municipality in the nation in 2012 with more than 25,000 residents and in both 2013 and 2014 they named it as the 2nd safest town in the US only behind Franklin, Massachusetts.
In 2019, Bergenfield has dropped in their ratings, falling to number 4.