hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Forth Estuary Transport Authority
The Forth Estuary Transport Authority (FETA) was the authority responsible for the maintenance of the Forth Road Bridge over the Firth of Forth in eastern central Scotland.  FETA was created in 2001 by the Transport (Scotland) Act 2001 (asp 2) to replace the Forth Road Bridge Joint Board.

Forth Road Bridge
The Forth Road Bridge is a suspension bridge that crosses the Firth of Forth in Scotland. The bridge opened in 1964 and, at the time, was the longest suspension bridge in the world outside the United States. The bridge  connects Edinburgh to Fife; replacing a centuries-old ferry service to carry vehicular traffic, cyclists and pedestrians across the Forth. Railway crossings are made by the nearby Forth Bridge, opened in 1890.

The Scottish Parliament voted to abolish tolls on the bridge from February 2008. The adjacent Queensferry Crossing was opened in August 2017 to carry the M90 motorway across the Firth of Forth, replacing the Forth Road Bridge which had exceeded its design capacity. At its peak, the Forth Road Bridge carried 65,000 vehicles per day.

The bridge was subsequently closed for repairs and refurbishment. It reopened in February 2018, redesignated as a dedicated public transport corridor; only certain vehicles, pedestrians and cyclists are permitted to use the bridge.
The Ascent of Rum Doodle
The Ascent of Rum Doodle is a short 1956 novel by W. E. Bowman (1911–1985). It is a parody of the non-fictional chronicles of mountaineering expeditions (notably H. W. Tilman's account of the ascent of Nanda Devi and Maurice Herzog's book Annapurna chronicling the first ascent of Annapurna in Nepal) that were popular during the 1950s, as many of the world's highest peaks were climbed for the first time. A new edition was released in 2001 with an introduction by the contemporary humorist Bill Bryson. It has been critically well received. Though a parody, it has become one of the most famous and celebrated books of mountaineering literature.

The book has been republished several times since 1956. The current edition is published by Pimlico, an imprint of Random House. In January 2009, The Guardian included it in the '1000 Novels Everyone Must Read'.

William Ernest Bowman
William Ernest Bowman (30 September 1911 in Scarborough – 1 January 1985) was an engineer and writer, best remembered for his 1956 book The Ascent of Rum Doodle, a satire on the world of mountaineering literature inspired by Bill Tilman and his 1937 account of the Nanda Devi expedition. Bowman's work was a send-up of the rather pompous British expedition book style fashionable in the 1930s through to the 1950s.
Automatic rifle
An automatic rifle is a type of autoloading rifle that is capable of fully automatic fire. Automatic rifles are generally select-fire weapons capable of firing in semi-automatic and automatic firing modes (some automatic rifles are capable of burst-fire as well). Automatic rifles are distinguished from semi-automatic rifles in their ability to fire more than one shot in succession once the trigger is pulled. Most automatic rifles are further subcategorized as battle rifles or assault rifles.

Battle rifle
A battle rifle is a service rifle chambered to fire a fully powered cartridge.

The term "battle rifle" is a retronym created largely out of a need to differentiate automatic rifles chambered for fully powered cartridges from automatic rifles chambered for intermediate cartridges, which were later categorized as assault rifles. Battle rifles were most prominent from the 1940s to the 1970s, when they were used as service rifles. While modern battle rifles largely resemble modern assault rifle designs, which replaced battle rifles in most roles, the term may also describe older military full-power semi-automatic rifles such as the M1 Garand, SVT-40, Gewehr 41, Gewehr 43, Type 4, FN Model 1949, and MAS-49.
I Believe (Sash! song)
"I Believe" is a song by German production group Sash!. The record was released in 2002 via Virgin Records as the third and final single from their fourth studio album S4!Sash!. It features vocals by British singer TJ Davis.

TJ Davis
Teresa Jane Davis is an English singer, songwriter and record producer. She started as a backing vocalist for Gary Numan, D:Ream and Blur, and quickly developed a career of her own. She is known for her work with composer Richard Jacques on video game music for the soundtracks of Sonic R and Metropolis Street Racer. She was a member of ABBA tribute group Björn Again, performing as "Frida Longstockin" from 1997 to 2004.

Her track "Brilliant Feeling", billed as "Full Monty Allstars featuring TJ Davis", peaked at No. 72 on the UK Singles Chart in July 1996. She also released the trance single "Wonderful Life" – a cover of the song by Black – in December 2001. It was a collaboration with trance outfit Ian van Dahl, and reached No. 42 on the UK Singles Chart. In 2002, Davis recorded the vocals on the Sash! song "I Believe".

On 28 September 2024, Davis made her public appearance at the Sonic Symphony World Tour concert in London, England, performing alongside Richard Jacques.
Fairey Pintail
The Fairey Pintail was a British single-engine floatplane fighter of the 1920s. While it was developed by Fairey as a reconnaissance fighter for the Royal Air Force, the only orders placed were for three for the Imperial Japanese Navy.

Fairey Aviation Company
The Fairey Aviation Company Limited was a British aircraft manufacturer of the first half of the 20th century based in Hayes in Middlesex and Heaton Chapel and RAF Ringway in Cheshire that designed important military aircraft, including the Fairey III family, the Swordfish, Firefly, and Gannet. It had a strong presence in the supply of naval aircraft, and also built bombers for the RAF.

After World War II, the company diversified into mechanical engineering and boat-building. The aircraft manufacturing arm was taken over by Westland Aircraft in 1960. Following a series of mergers and takeovers, the principal successor businesses to the company became FBM Babcock Marine, Spectris, and WFEL (formerly Williams Fairey Engineering Limited.

WFEL was bought by German arms manufacturer Krauss-Maffei Wegmann in 2013 for £60m, and is now called KNDS UK.
Madison Buffalo Jump State Park
Madison Buffalo Jump State Park is a Montana state park located seven miles south of the Interstate 90 interchange at Logan in Gallatin County, Montana in the United States. The park preserves a canyon cliff used by Native Americans as a buffalo jump, where herds of bison were stampeded over the cliff as an efficient means of slaughter. The main geographic features of the jump site remain largely unchanged since the days of the jumps. Archaeologists have found tons of bison bones buried at the base of the cliffs. They have also uncovered the remains of tipi villages.

Buffalo jump
A buffalo jump, or sometimes bison jump, is a cliff formation that Indigenous peoples of North America, beginning with Clovis culture, historically used to hunt and kill plains bison in mass quantities. The broader term game jump refers to a man-made jump or cliff used for hunting other game, such as reindeer.
Ted Peterson (writer)
Ted Peterson is a writer and video game designer best known for his work on The Elder Scrolls series. He co-founded the independent game studio OnceLost Games with Julian LeFay and Vijay Lakshman in 2019.

The Wayward Realms
The Wayward Realms is an upcoming open world action role-playing video game developed by OnceLost Games. The game's development is led by Ted Peterson and was formerly co-led by the late Julian LeFay, both former Bethesda Softworks developers best known for their role in creating The Elder Scrolls series. The game is intended to serve as a spiritual successor to The Elder Scrolls: Arena and The Elder Scrolls II: Daggerfall.
Bhangi Misl
The Bhangi Misl (Punjabi pronunciation: [pə̃˨ŋɡiː mɪsəl]) was a large and powerful Sikh Misl headquartered in Amritsar. It was founded in the early 18th century by Sardar Chhajja Singh Dhillon, who was baptised into the Khalsa tradition by Banda Singh Bahadur. It was a first misl to established a Khalsa Raj and publish Khalsa currency coins. The Bhangi Kingdom/Misl was founded by Dhillon Jats.

Chhajja Singh
Sardar Chhajja Singh was a Jat Sikh warrior and leader of Jathâ succeeding Banda Singh Bahadur of the early 18th century Punjab region. He was also the founder of the Bhangi Misl He was the first companion of Banda Singh Bahadur to receive Sikh baptism of Amrit. According to Kanaihya Lal, he had taken Amrit at the hands of Guru Gobind Singh.
Kumbazha
Kumbazha is a main junction nestled within the heart of Pathanamthitta Municipality of Pathanamthitta Town, located in Kerala state, India. The serene Achenkovil river gracefully meanders through this historic locale. The town's prominence is further accentuated by the terminus of the Thiruvalla - Kumbazha (SH-7) road, also known as the T.K road. Once a bustling marketplace, Kumbazha derives its name from the Malayalam word "Kumbhi," signifying an elephant, hinting at its past grandeur.

Pathanamthitta
Pathanamthitta (IPA: [pɐt̪ːɐnɐn̪d̪iʈːɐ]), is a Municipal Town in southern Kerala, India, spread over an area of 23.5 km2 (9.1 sq mi). It is the administrative capital of Pathanamthitta district. The town has a population of 37,538 (as of 2011 census). The Hindu pilgrim centre Sabarimala is situated in the Pathanamthitta district; as the main transport hub to Sabarimala, the town is known as the 'Pilgrim Capital of Kerala'. Pathanamthitta District, the thirteenth revenue district of the State of Kerala, was formed with effect from 1 November 1982, with headquarters at Pathanamthitta. Forest covers more than half of the total area of the District. Pathanamthitta District ranks the 7th in area in the State. The district has its borders with Allepey, Kottayam, Kollam and Idukki districts of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Nearest town is Thiruvalla (largest town in Pathanamthitta District), located at a distance of 30 km. Thiruvalla railway station is 30 km via Thiruvalla-Kumbazha highway.
Caturiges
The Caturiges (Gaulish: Caturīges, 'kings of combat') were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the upper Durance valley, around present-day towns of Chorges and Embrun, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.

Vocontii
The Vocontii (Gaulish: *Uocontioi; Greek: Οὐοκόντιοι, Οὐοκοντίων) were a Gallic people dwelling on the western foothills of the Alps during the Iron Age and the Roman period.

The Vocontii settled in the region in the 3rd century BC at the latest. Pompeius Trogus, a Gallo-Roman historian and citizen of Vasio during the 1st century BC, was a member of the Vocontii. During the Roman period, they were probably at the head of a confederation that included the Sogiontii, Avantici, Sebaginni and Vertamocorii.
Stewart County, Tennessee
Stewart County is a county located on the northwestern corner of Middle Tennessee, in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,657. Its county seat is Dover. Stewart County is part of the Clarksville Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Dover, Tennessee
Dover is a city in and the county seat of Stewart County, Tennessee, 67 miles (108 km) west-northwest of Nashville on the Cumberland River. Fort Donelson National Cemetery is in Dover. As of the 2020 census, Dover had a population of 1,826.

Dover is part of the Clarksville, TN–Kentucky Metropolitan Statistical Area.
White Heat
White Heat is a 1949 American film noir, directed by Raoul Walsh. Its screenplay, written by Ivan Goff and Ben Roberts, is based on a story by Virginia Kellogg. The film stars James Cagney, Virginia Mayo, and Edmond O'Brien.

White Heat is considered to be one of the best gangster films of all time. In 2003, White Heat was added to the National Film Registry as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress.

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
Stanisław Tymiński
Stanisław "Stan" Tymiński (Polish pronunciation: [staˈɲiswaf tɨˈmʲiɲskʲi]; born January 27, 1948) is a Canadian businessman of Polish origin, dealing in electronics and computers, and a sometime-politician in both Poland and Canada. Although Tymiński was born in Pruszków, he was a completely unknown person in his native country until shortly before the 1990 Polish presidential election, he emerged from the first ballot as the second strongest candidate; defeating liberal prime minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki and forcing Solidarity leader Lech Wałęsa to stand a second ballot. After Wałęsa defeated him by a wide margin, Tymiński was a leader of Party X in Poland (1990–1995) and then returned to Canada to resume his business activities. Tymiński also contested the 2005 Polish presidential election.

Tadeusz Mazowiecki
Tadeusz Mazowiecki (IPA: [taˈdɛ.uʂ mazɔˈvjɛt͡skʲi] ⓘ; 18 April 1927 – 28 October 2013) was a Polish author, journalist, philanthropist and politician, formerly one of the leaders of the Solidarity movement, and the first non-communist Polish prime minister since 1946, having held the post from 1989 to 1991.

He was the founder and leader of Democratic Union and Freedom Union. Between 1991–2001, he was a member of the Polish Parliament. In the years 2010–2013, he served as advisor to President Bronisław Komorowski. He is the recipient of Poland's highest order of merit, the Order of the White Eagle.
Saint Cecilia
Saint Cecilia (Latin: Sancta Caecilia), also spelled Cecelia, was a Roman Christian virgin martyr, who is venerated in Catholic, Orthodox, Anglican, and some Lutheran churches, such as the Church of Sweden. She became the patron of music and musicians, it being written that, as the musicians played at her wedding, Cecilia "sang in her heart to the Lord". Musical compositions are dedicated to her, and her feast, on 22 November, is the occasion of concerts and musical festivals. She is also known as Cecilia of Rome.

Saint Cecilia is one of several virgin martyrs commemorated by name in the Canon of the Mass in the Latin Church. The church of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, founded in the 3rd century by Pope Urban I, is believed to be on the site of the house where she lived and died.

Santa Cecilia in Trastevere
Santa Cecilia in Trastevere (Italian: Basilica di Santa Cecilia in Trastevere) is a titular church and minor basilica located in Trastevere, Rome. Dedicated to Saint Cecilia, the patron saint of music, it has served as a cardinal titular church since the 5th century. The present basilica, rebuilt under Pope Paschal I in the 9th century, is notable for its apse mosaic, frescoes by Pietro Cavallini, Baroque sculpture, and the revered relics of Saint Cecilia preserved beneath the high altar. Today, it remains the conventual church for the adjacent Benedictine abbey, and the feast of Saint Cecilia on 22 November continues to draw pilgrims, choirs, and musicians from around the world.
Huon Valley
The Huon Valley, often shortened to the Huon, is a rural region and river valley in southern Tasmania, Australia. Centred on the lower reaches of the Huon River, its commercial hub is Huonville, with smaller settlements lining the river and its tributaries.

Historically renowned for its apple orchards, the valley's economy today also includes high-value cherry production, extensive salmon aquaculture centred on Port Huon, and a growing visitor economy. The valley's apple heritage is celebrated through events such as the Huon Valley Mid-Winter Festival and local “Apple Queen” traditions.

Administratively, the region is governed by the Huon Valley Council, which encompasses a population of 19,454 as of 2024.

Huon River
The Huon River is a perennial river located in the south-west and south-east regions of Tasmania, Australia. At 174 kilometres (108 mi) in length, the Huon River is the fifth-longest in the state, with its course flowing east through the fertile Huon Valley and emptying into the D'Entrecasteaux Channel, before flowing into the Tasman Sea.
Rose Cottage, Wilberforce
Rose Cottage is a heritage-listed former cottage and now museum at Rose Street, Wilberforce, City of Hawkesbury, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1810 to 1820 by Thomas Rose. The property is owned by the Thomas and Jane Rose Family Society Inc. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Wilberforce, New South Wales
Wilberforce is a small town in New South Wales, Australia, in the local government area of the City of Hawkesbury. It is just beyond the outer suburbs of north-west Sydney and lies on the western bank of the Hawkesbury River.
Henry Phillpotts
Henry Phillpotts (6 May 1778 – 18 September 1869), often called "Henry of Exeter", was the Anglican Bishop of Exeter from 1830 to 1869. He was one of England's longest serving bishops since the 14th century.

Bishop of Exeter
The Bishop of Exeter is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Exeter in the Province of Canterbury. The current bishop is Mike Harrison, since 2024.

From the first bishop until the sixteenth century the Bishops of Exeter were in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church. However, during the Reformation the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church, at first temporarily and later more permanently. Since the Reformation, the Bishop and Diocese of Exeter has been part of the reformed and catholic Church of England. The bishop's residence is The Bishop's Palace, Exeter.
Carl Hellmuth Hertz
Carl Hellmuth Hertz (also written Carl Helmut Hertz, 15 October 1920 – 29 April 1990) was a German physicist known primarily for being involved in the development of inkjet technology and ultrasound technology. He was the son of Gustav Ludwig Hertz and great nephew of Heinrich Hertz.

Heinrich Hertz
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (/hɜːrts/ hurts; German: [hɛʁts] ⓘ; 22 February 1857 – 1 January 1894) was a German physicist who first conclusively proved the existence of the electromagnetic waves proposed by James Clerk Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism.
Kevin Kugler
Kevin Kugler (born August 1972) is an American sportscaster who works in both radio and television. Kugler is currently employed on television by Fox Sports for NFL, college basketball (including on Big Ten Network), MLB and UFL games. On radio, Kugler is employed by Westwood One as its lead college basketball voice as well as a part of its NFL coverage.

Kugler is based in Omaha, Nebraska, where he hosted a daily sports talk show on KOZN until 2012 when he left to focus on his other duties. He won the Nebraska Sportscaster of the Year award nine times.

Fox College Hoops
Fox College Hoops (also known as Fox CBB, or Fox Primetime Hoops for Saturday primetime games and Fox College Basketball Friday for Friday primetime games) is the branding used for Fox Sports broadcasts of college basketball for Fox, FS1 and FS2. Formally college basketball telecasts have also been carried by the Fox Sports Networks (FSN) and FX in the past (sometimes generically under the title College Hoops), the Fox College Hoops branding was introduced in 1994.

Games on Fox and FS1 include rights to the Big East, Big Ten, Big 12 and Mountain West as well as the early-season Fort Myers Tip-Off, Las Vegas Invitational, Crossroads Classic and Las Vegas Classic.
Charles Portis
Charles McColl Portis (December 28, 1933 – February 17, 2020) was an American author best known for his novels Norwood (1966) and the classic Western True Grit (1968). Both Norwood and True Grit were adapted as films, released in 1970 and 1969, respectively. True Grit also inspired a film sequel and a made-for-TV movie sequel. The second film adaptation of True Grit was released in 2010.

In 2023 The Library of America published his Collected Works. In the introduction, editor Jay Jennings observes: "Charles Portis is now recognized as a singular American genius, a writer whose deadpan style, picaresque plots, and unforgettable characters have drawn a passionate following among readers and writers."

Portis has been described as "one of the most inventively comic writers of western fiction".

True Grit (novel)
True Grit is a 1968 novel by Charles Portis that was first published as a 1968 serial within The Saturday Evening Post. The novel is told from the perspective of an elderly spinster named Mattie Ross, who recounts the time a half century earlier when she was 14 and sought retribution for the murder of her father by a scoundrel, Tom Chaney. It is considered by some critics to be "one of the great American novels." True Grit is included in the Library of America of Portis' Collected Works.

The novel was adapted for the screenplay of the 1969 film True Grit starring John Wayne, Kim Darby and Glen Campbell. Six years later, in 1975, Wayne reprised his Academy Award-winning role as the tough hard drinking one-eyed lawman in the sequel film Rooster Cogburn. In 2010, Joel and Ethan Coen wrote and directed another film adaptation of True Grit. In November 2010, The Overlook Press published a movie tie-in edition of the second film version of True Grit.
Iskandar Puteri
Iskandar Puteri (formerly known as Nusajaya) is a city and the administrative capital of the state of Johor, Malaysia. It is situated along the Straits of Johor at the southern end of the Malay Peninsula and the southernmost city of continental Eurasia. Together with the adjacent cities of Johor Bahru and Pasir Gudang, it is located within the Johor Bahru District, the second largest district in Malaysia by population. The 15th busiest container port in the world, Port of Tanjung Pelepas, is also located in the city.

Iskandar Puteri hosts Kota Iskandar, which represents the seat of government of the state of Johor (Executive branch & Legislative branch).

Pasir Gudang
Pasir Gudang is a city located in eastern Johor Bahru District, Johor, which is the second largest district in Malaysia by population. The main industries are transportation and logistics, shipbuilding, petrochemicals and other heavy industries, and oil palm storage and distribution, which is located in Johor Port and Tanjung Langsat.
Drapers' Gardens
Drapers' Gardens is a site in the City of London at the junction of Throgmorton Avenue and Copthall Avenue on land owned by the Drapers' Company. Originally a garden space, it was largely built over by the early 20th century. It has been the site of two major office blocks since the 1960s.

Worshipful Company of Drapers
The Worshipful Company of Drapers is one of the 113 livery companies of the City of London, formally styled The Master and Wardens and Brethren and Sisters of the Guild or Fraternity of the Blessed Mary the Virgin of the Mystery of Drapers of the City of London.

More usually known simply as the Drapers' Company, it is one of the historic Great Twelve Livery Companies and was founded during the Middle Ages.
Numan Kurtulmuş
Numan Kurtulmuş (born 15 September 1959) is a Turkish politician and academic who is currently the speaker of the Grand National Assembly.

He served as Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey in the 62nd, 63rd, 64th and 65th AKP governments between 2014 and 2017 and Minister of Culture and Tourism between 2017 and 2018. Previously, he served as the leader of Felicity Party between 2008 and 2010 and People's Voice Party between 2010 and 2012.

People's Voice Party
The People's Voice Party (Turkish Halkın Sesi Partisi, abbreviated HSP but using the self-styled abbreviation HAS PARTİ, which literally means "PURE PARTY") was a religious conservative political party in Turkey. It was founded on 1 November 2010 by Numan Kurtulmuş and dissolved on 19 September 2012.

In September 2012, after less than two years, an extraordinary party congress decided to dissolve the party and join the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP). In July 2012, following long-held speculation that Numan Kurtulmuş was on Prime Minister Erdoğan’s mind as his possible successor as party head, Erdoğan personally proposed to Kurtulmuş the idea of merging the parties under the umbrella of the AKP.