hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ʼPhags-pa script
The Phagspa (/ˈpɑːɡzˌpɑː/ PAHGZ-PAH),  ʼPhags-pa or ḥPʻags-pa script is an alphabet designed by the Tibetan monk and State Preceptor (later Imperial Preceptor) Drogön Chögyal Phagpa (1235–1280) for Kublai Khan (r. 1264–1294), the founder of the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) in China, as a unified script for the written languages within the Yuan. The actual use of this script was limited to about a hundred years during the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty, and it fell out of use with the advent of the Ming dynasty.

The script was used to write and transcribe varieties of Chinese, the Tibetic languages, Mongolian, the Uyghur language, Sanskrit, probably Persian, and other neighboring languages during the Yuan era. For historical linguists, its use provides clues about changes in these languages.

Its descendant systems include Horizontal square script, used to write Tibetan and Sanskrit. During the Pax Mongolica the script even made numerous appearances in Western medieval art.

Drogön Chögyal Phagpa
Drogön Chogyal Phagpa (Tibetan: འགྲོ་མགོན་ཆོས་རྒྱལ་འཕགས་པ།, Wylie: ʼgro mgon chos rgyal ʼphags pa; Chinese: 八斯巴; 26 March 1235 – 15 December 1280) was the fifth leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism. He was also the first Imperial Preceptor of the Yuan dynasty and was concurrently named the director of the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs, serving during the reign of Kublai Khan.

Historical tradition remembers him as the first vice-ruler of Tibet under the Yuan emperor as well as one of the Five Sakya patriarchs (Tibetan: ས་སྐྱ་གོང་མ་རྣམ་ལྔ་, Wylie: sa skya gong ma rnam lnga). Although this is historically disputed, he played a very important political role.
Radio Moldova Tineret
Radio Moldova Tineret is a youth-oriented radio station, owned by the public broadcaster TRM. It's the first niche-oriented station from the public broadcaster, and its target audience is Moldovan youth. It was launched on 30 October 2012, at 6 o'clock in Bălți, transmitting live on 99.4 FM and on its website.

Radio Moldova Tineret will broadcast soon on these frequencies:

Varniţa, Anenii Noi, pe frecvența 104.0 FM

Nisporeni – 103.8 FM

Copanca – 103.6 FM

Sărata-Galbenă – 107.1 FM

Teleradio-Moldova
Teleradio-Moldova (TRM) is the Moldovan state-owned national radio and television broadcaster. It owns two television channels and three radio stations. TRM was admitted as a full active member of the European Broadcasting Union on 1 January 1993, under its former name Radioteleviziunea Nationala din Moldova (RTNM).
Ronson (company)
Ronson Consumer Products Corporation was formerly based in Somerset, New Jersey. It is a producer of lighters and lighter accessories.

Zippo Manufacturing Company currently owns the related brands in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, and continues to produce Ronson lighters and Ronsonol fuel.

Ronson International Limited, located in Northampton, England, owns the Ronson brand in most other territories throughout the world.

Zippo
A Zippo lighter is a reusable metal lighter produced by Zippo Manufacturing Company of Bradford, Pennsylvania, United States. Thousands of different styles and designs have been made since their introduction in 1933, including military versions for specific regiments. Zippo lighters have been sold worldwide and described as "a legendary and distinct symbol of America." In 2012, the company produced the 500-millionth unit. Since the company's inception in 1932, Zippo lighters have been primarily manufactured in the United States, although the company operated in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada from 1949 until 2002.
2025 Melbourne Formula 3 round
The 2025 Melbourne FIA Formula 3 round was a motor racing event held between 13 and 16 March 2025 at the Albert Park Circuit in Melbourne, Australia. It was the opening round of the 2025 FIA Formula 3 Championship and was held in support of the 2025 Australian Grand Prix.

The round marked the first use of the new Formula 3 car, the Dallara F3 2025, during a race weekend.

2025 Australian Grand Prix
The 2025 Australian Grand Prix (officially known as the Formula 1 Louis Vuitton Australian Grand Prix 2025) was a Formula One motor race that was held on 16 March 2025 at the Albert Park Circuit in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It was the first round of the 2025 Formula One World Championship.

Lando Norris in the McLaren won the race from pole position, ahead of Max Verstappen in the Red Bull and George Russell in the Mercedes. Norris' victory marked McLaren's first at Melbourne since Jenson Button's victory in 2012. Debutants Isack Hadjar of Racing Bulls,  and Gabriel Bortoleto of Sauber both retired due to accidents, the former on the formation lap. Meanwhile, Kimi Antonelli of Mercedes finished fourth from a sixteenth-place start.
U.S. Route 56
U.S. Route 56 (US 56) is an east–west United States highway that runs for approximately 640 miles (1,030 km) in the Midwestern United States. US 56's western terminus is at Interstate 25 Business (I-25 Bus.), US 412 and New Mexico State Road 21 (NM 21) in Springer, New Mexico and the highway's eastern terminus is at US 71 in Kansas City, Missouri. Much of it follows the Santa Fe Trail.

U.S. Route 412
U.S. Route 412 is an east–west United States highway, first commissioned in 1982.  U.S. 412 overlaps expressway-grade Cimarron Turnpike from Tulsa west to Interstate 35 and the Cherokee Turnpike from 5 miles (8.0 km) east of Chouteau, Oklahoma, to 8 miles (13 km) west of the Arkansas state line. It runs the entire length of the Oklahoma Panhandle and traverses the Missouri Bootheel.

As of 2020, the highway's eastern terminus is in Columbia, Tennessee at an intersection with Interstate 65, where it continues east as State Route 99. Its western terminus is in Springer, New Mexico at an intersection with Interstate 25.
Riverbank Publications
The Riverbank Publications is a series of pamphlets written by the people who worked for millionaire George Fabyan in the multi-discipline research facility he built in the early 20th century near Chicago. They were published by Fabyan, often without author credit. The publications on cryptanalysis, mostly written by William Friedman, with contributions from Elizebeth Smith Friedman and others, are considered seminal in the field. In particular, Publication 22 introduced the Index of Coincidence, a powerful statistical tool for cryptanalysis.

William F. Friedman
William Frederick Friedman (September 24, 1891 – November 2, 1969) was a US Army cryptographer who ran the research division of the Army's Signal Intelligence Service (SIS) in the 1930s, and parts of its follow-on services into the 1950s. In 1940, subordinates of his led by Frank Rowlett broke Japan's PURPLE cipher, thus disclosing Japanese diplomatic secrets before America's entrance into World War II.
Alberta Senate nominee elections
Alberta is the only Canadian province to hold elections for nominees to be appointed to the Senate of Canada. These elections are non-binding, as the appointment of senators is solely the responsibility of the Governor General of Canada according to the Constitution of Canada, on the advice of the Prime Minister.

The process has ultimately resulted in ten elected nominees, five of whom have been appointed to the Senate. Scott Tannas is the last elected nominee to still hold his Senate seat. The legislation enabling senate nominee elections initially expired in 2016, a new Act was passed in 2019 and nominee elections resumed in 2021.

2021 Alberta Senate nominee election
The 2021 Alberta Senate nominee election, formally the 5th Senate Nominee Election, was held in Alberta to help select (non-binding) nominees for appointment to represent Alberta in the Senate of Canada. The Senate election was held on October 18 in conjunction with the 2021 Alberta municipal elections. As of December 2025, none of the candidates selected in this election have been nominated to the Senate.
Moses Alexander
Moses Alexander (November 13, 1853 – January 4, 1932) was an American businessman and politician who served as the 11th governor of Idaho, the second elected Jewish governor of a U.S. state, and the first who actually practiced that religion. Jewish California Governor Washington Bartlett was elected in 1887, but had converted to Christianity. Moses Alexander served from 1915 until 1919, and remains the state's sole Jewish chief executive.

Washington Bartlett
Washington Montgomery Bartlett (February 29, 1824 – September 12, 1887) was an American politician who served as the 16th governor of California from January 1887 until his death in September of that year, as well as the 20th mayor of San Francisco from 1883 to 1887. He was the first Jewish governor of any U.S. state and – to date – the only Jewish governor of California.
Bath and North East Somerset
Bath and North East Somerset (B&NES) is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of Somerset, South West England. As its name suggests, it comprises the north-east part of Somerset including  the city of Bath, which is its administrative headquarters. It has an area of 136 square miles (352 km2).

The area was created on 1 April 1996 as part of the abolition of the county of Avon, and covers the same area as the former Avon districts of Wansdyke and Bath. Legally, it comprises a non-metropolitan county and a non-metropolitan district with identical boundaries. The area is governed by Bath and North East Somerset Council, which was created on the same date and which is constituted as a non-metropolitan district council with the responsibilities of a non-metropolitan county council. In addition to its headquarters in Bath, it also has offices in Keynsham. Other settlements in the area include Midsomer Norton, Radstock, Westfield, and Saltford.

Avon (county)
Avon (/ˈeɪvən, -vɒn/ AY-vən, -⁠von) was a non-metropolitan and ceremonial county in the west of England which existed between 1974 and 1996. The county was named after the River Avon, which flows through the area. It was formed from the county boroughs of Bristol and Bath, together with parts of the administrative counties of Gloucestershire and Somerset.

In 1996, the county was abolished and the area split between four new unitary authorities: Bath and North East Somerset, Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire. The Avon name is still used for some purposes. The area had a population of approximately 1.08 million people in 2009.
American Independent Network
The American Independent Network was one of the first major attempts at building a commercial television network consisting of low-powered television stations. Started by Don Shelton, Randy Moseley, and Lyn Snyder, it was similar to the older Channel America (and its successor, America One (A1)), and was the foundation for Urban America TV (UATV).  In 2000, several stations sold by USA Networks to Univision carried AIN for about a year while Univision got their second network, TeleFutura, ready to launch on the stations.  AIN merged with Hispano Television Ventures in early 2000, forming Hispanic Television Network (HTVN). The new company operated both HTVN and AIN, but the majority of the company's attention was focused on HTVN. HTVN went off the air in 2003, while AIN went off the air two years earlier in 2001, and turned into Urban America Television, with most AIN affiliates either going independent or switching to other networks, like A1 or UATV.

Urban America Television
Urban America Television (UATV) was an over-the-air television broadcast network in the United States targeted towards Black Americans. According to the company's website, the network had 70 affiliate stations. UATV claimed to have had a reach of 22 million households in the United States. It was a successor to the earlier American Independent Television network and began broadcasting December 3, 2001. Created and developed by Fred Hutton (among others) the early programming featured independent produced programs, along with 1930s and 1940s public domain race films.

The company was the only minority-certified television network with the National Minority Supplier Development Council.
Mr. T
Mr. T (born Laurence Tureaud; May 21, 1952) is an American actor and retired professional wrestler. He is known for his roles as B. A. Baracus in the 1980s television series The A-Team and as boxer Clubber Lang in the 1982 film Rocky III. He is also known for his distinctive hairstyle inspired by Mandinka warriors in West Africa, his copious gold jewelry, his tough-guy persona and his catchphrase "I pity the fool!", first uttered as Clubber Lang in Rocky III, then turned into a trademark used in slogans or titles, like the reality show I Pity the Fool in 2006.

B. A. Baracus
Sergeant Bosco Albert "B.A." (Bad Attitude) Baracus /bəˈrækəs/, played by Mr. T, is a recurring character and one of the main protagonists of the 1980s action-adventure television series The A-Team. B. A. Baracus appeared on The A-Team from the series beginning in 1983 until its cancellation in 1987. He is arguably the breakout character of the series and has become a cult icon worldwide.

In the 2010 film version, B. A. Baracus was played by mixed martial artist Quinton "Rampage" Jackson.
Interpolation space
In the field of mathematical analysis, an interpolation space is a space which lies "in between" two other Banach spaces. The main applications are in Sobolev spaces, where spaces of functions that have a noninteger number of derivatives are interpolated from the spaces of functions with integer number of derivatives.

Banach space
In mathematics, more specifically in functional analysis, a Banach space (/ˈbɑː.nʌx/, Polish pronunciation: [ˈba.nax]) is a complete normed vector space. Thus, a Banach space is a vector space with a metric that allows the computation of vector length and distance between vectors and is complete in the sense that a Cauchy sequence of vectors always converges to a well-defined limit that is within the space.

Banach spaces are named after the Polish mathematician Stefan Banach, who introduced this concept and studied it systematically in 1920–1922 along with Hans Hahn and Eduard Helly.
Maurice René Fréchet was the first to use the term "Banach space" and Banach in turn then coined the term "Fréchet space".
Banach spaces originally grew out of the study of function spaces by Hilbert, Fréchet, and Riesz earlier in the century. Banach spaces play a central role in functional analysis. In other areas of analysis, the spaces under study are often Banach spaces.
Khwae Yai River
The Khwae Yai River (Thai: แม่น้ำแควใหญ่, RTGS: Maenam Khwae Yai, IPA: [mɛ̂ːnáːm kʰwɛː jàj]), also known as the Si Sawat (แม่น้ำศรีสวัสดิ์ [mɛ̂ː náːm sǐː sa.wàt]), is a river in western Thailand. It has its source in the Tenasserim Hills and flows for about 380 kilometres (240 mi) through Sangkhla Buri, Si Sawat, and Mueang Districts of Kanchanaburi Province, where it merges with the Khwae Noi to form the Mae Klong River at Pak Phraek.

Mae Klong
The Mae Klong (Thai: แม่น้ำแม่กลอง, RTGS: Maenam Mae Klong, Thai pronunciation: [mɛ̂ːnáːm mɛ̂ː klɔ̄ːŋ]), sometimes spelled Meklong, is a river in western Thailand. The river begins in Kanchanaburi Province and flows across Ratchaburi Province and Samut Songkhram Province.
Republic Airways
Republic Airways is a regional airline in the United States and a subsidiary of Republic Airways Holdings that operates service for American Airlines (as American Eagle), Delta Air Lines (as Delta Connection), and United Airlines (as United Express) using a fleet of Embraer 170 and 175 regional jets. It is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana.

Republic Airways Holdings
Republic Airways Holdings Inc. is an American airline holding company based in Indianapolis, Indiana. The company owns two regional airlines, Mesa Airlines and Republic Airways. Together the two airlines operate the world's largest fleet of Embraer 170 and Embraer 175 aircraft. The majority of the shares of company are owned by the mainline carriers that contract with Republic, American Airlines Group, Delta Air Lines, and United Airlines.
Frances Thesiger, Viscountess Chelmsford
Frances Charlotte Thesiger, Viscountess Chelmsford, CI, GBE (née Guest; 22 March 1869 – 24 September 1957), styled as the Lady Chelmsford until 1921, was a British aristocrat and Vicereine of India.

Born in Mayfair, London, she was the eldest daughter of wealthy industrialist Ivor Guest, 1st Baron Wimborne and Lady Cornelia Spencer-Churchill, the daughter of the 7th Duke of Marlborough. Through her mother she was a first cousin of Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill. She was made a Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire in 1917 and was also invested with the Imperial Order of the Crown of India.

Cornelia Guest, Baroness Wimborne
Cornelia Henrietta Maria Guest, Baroness Wimborne (née Spencer-Churchill; 17 September 1847 – 22 January 1927), was a British aristocrat and landowner. She was the wife of Ivor Guest, 1st Baron Wimborne, and the mother of their six children. She was an aunt of the future Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill. As a philanthropist, she is remembered as being the namesake of the historic Lady Wimborne Cottages and the Lady Wimborne Bridge in Dorset.
Z notation
The Z notation /ˈzɛd/ is a formal specification language used for describing and modelling computing systems. It is targeted at the clear specification of computer programs and computer-based systems in general.

Formal specification
In computer science, formal specifications are mathematically based techniques whose purpose is to help with the implementation of systems and software. They are used to describe a system, to analyze its behavior, and to aid in its design by verifying key properties of interest through rigorous and effective reasoning tools. These specifications are formal in the sense that they have a syntax, their semantics fall within one domain, and they are able to be used to infer useful information.
Santa Rosa Island (California)
Santa Rosa Island (Spanish: Isla de Santa Rosa; Cruzeño Chumash: Wi'ma) is the second largest of the Channel Islands of California at 53,195 acres (215.27 km2 or 83.118 sq mi). Santa Rosa is located about 26 miles (42 km) off the coast of Santa Barbara, California, in Santa Barbara County and is part of Channel Islands National Park.

The Chumash, a Native American people lived on the Channel Islands at the time of European contact.

The remains of the 13,000-year-old Arlington Springs Man, possibly the oldest human remains in the Americas, were discovered on the island in 1959.

Santa Rosa Island is home to the rare Torrey pine, a species of pine tree that exists only in two locations around the world.

Public passenger access to Santa Rosa Island is provided by Island Packers ferry service out of the Ventura Harbor.

Arlington Springs Man
Arlington Springs Man was an ancient Paleoindian, most likely a man, whose remains were found in 1959 on Santa Rosa Island, one of the Channel Islands located off the coast of Southern California. He lived about 13,000 years Before Present, making him the earliest dated adult in North America. It was an important scientific discovery because his presence on the island at this early date supports the coastal migration theory for the peopling of the Americas. In 2022, after a NAGPRA request, Arlington Springs Man was repatriated to the Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians for reburial according to their native customs.
Central Sparks
Central Sparks was a women's cricket team that represented the West Midlands region, one of eight regional hubs in English domestic women's cricket. They primarily played their home matches at Edgbaston and New Road. They were captained by Evelyn Jones and coached by Darren Franklin and Justine Dunce. The team was partnered with Warwickshire, Worcestershire, Herefordshire, Staffordshire and Shropshire.

At the end of the 2024 season, following reforms to the structure of women's domestic cricket, the team was effectively replaced by a professionalised Warwickshire team.

Warwickshire Women cricket team
The Warwickshire Women's cricket team is the women's representative cricket team for the English historic county of Warwickshire. They play their home games at Edgbaston Foundation Sports Ground, Birmingham, and are captained by Marie Kelly. In 2019, they won the Women's Twenty20 Cup. They are partnered with the regional side Central Sparks.
Mímir
Mímir or Mim is a figure in Norse mythology, renowned for his knowledge and wisdom, who is beheaded during the Æsir–Vanir War. Afterward, the god Odin carries around Mímir's head and it recites secret knowledge and counsels him.

Mímir is attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, the Prose Edda, written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson of Iceland, and in euhemerized form as one of the Æsir in Heimskringla, also written by Snorri Sturluson in the 13th century. Mímir's name appears in the names of the well Mímisbrunnr, and the names Mímameiðr and Hoddmímis holt, which scholars generally consider to be names for Yggdrasil. Scholars have proposed that Bestla may be Mímir's sister, and therefore Mímir would be Odin's maternal uncle.

Æsir–Vanir War
In Norse mythology, the Æsir–Vanir War was a conflict between two groups of deities that ultimately resulted in the unification of the Æsir and the Vanir into a single pantheon. The war is an important event in Norse mythology, and the implications for the potential historicity surrounding accounts of the war are a matter of scholarly debate and discourse.

Fragmented information about the war appears in surviving sources, including Völuspá, a poem collected in the Poetic Edda in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources; in the book Skáldskaparmál in the Prose Edda, written or compiled in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson; and in euhemerized form in the Ynglinga saga from Heimskringla, also often considered to have been written by Snorri Sturluson in the 13th century.
Praphalsai Minpraphal
Praphalsai "Waen" Minpraphal (Thai: ประพาฬสาย มินประพาฬ; born January 7, 1978) is a Thai former swimmer, who specialized in butterfly, but also competed in backstroke and individual medley. She represented Thailand in all three editions of the Olympic Games since 1992, and earned numerous medals in her own specialties at the Southeast Asian Games since 1991. While residing in the United States on her college career, she helped the California Golden Bears set a new world record (1:49.23) and capture the 4×50 m medley title at the 2000 NCAA Women's Swimming and Diving Championships. Minpraphal is among the Asian swimmers, along with Joscelin Yeo of Singapore and Akiko Thomson of the Philippines, to train for the Bears under women's head coach Teri McKeever.

Joscelin Yeo
Joscelin Yeo Wei Ling (Chinese: 杨玮玲; pinyin: Yáng Wěilíng; born 2 May 1979) is a former Nominated Member of Parliament (NMP) from Nov 2006 to Apr 2011 and a former competitive swimmer from Singapore. Yeo won 40 gold medals at the Southeast Asian Games. She also represented Singapore in the Asian Games, Commonwealth Games and Summer Olympics. Yeo was elected as a Rhodes Scholar, but never took up the scholarship. During the 2012 Summer Olympics, she was a TV analyst for english-speaking Asian countries on ESPN Star.

Yeo began her international swimming career at age 11, in a Asia-Pacific swim meet in Jakarta, Indonesia. She swam at almost every major international meet, including the Southeast Asian Games (8 times), the Asian Games (4), the Olympics (4), and the Commonwealth Games (3). She ended her 16-year swimming career in early 2007.