hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Detritus
In biology, detritus (/dəˈtraɪtəs/ or /ˈdɛtrɪtəs/) is organic matter made up of the decomposing remains of organisms and plants, and also of feces. Detritus usually hosts communities of microorganisms that colonize and decompose (remineralise) it. Such microorganisms may be decomposers, detritivores, or coprophages.

In terrestrial ecosystems detritus is present as plant litter and other organic matter that is intermixed with soil, known as soil organic matter. The detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic substances suspended in the water and accumulated in depositions on the floor of the body of water; when this floor is a seabed, such a deposition is called marine snow.

Plant litter
Plant litter (also leaf litter, tree litter, soil litter, litterfall, or duff) is dead plant material (such as leaves, bark, needles, twigs, and cladodes) that has fallen to the ground. This detritus or dead organic material and its constituent nutrients are added to the top layer of soil, commonly known as the litter layer or O-horizon ("O" for "organic"). Litter is an important factor in ecosystem dynamics, as it is indicative of ecological productivity and may be useful in predicting regional nutrient cycling and soil fertility.
Perry County Courthouse (Ohio)
The Perry County Courthouse is a historic government building in the city of New Lexington, Ohio, United States.  Built near the end of the nineteenth century after the end of a county seat war, it is the fifth courthouse to serve Perry County, and it has been named a historic site because of its imposing architecture.

New Lexington, Ohio
New Lexington is a village in and the county seat of Perry County, Ohio, United States, 21 miles (34 km) southwest of Zanesville and 45 miles (72 km) miles southeast of Columbus. The population was 4,435 at the 2020 census.
Gruel
Gruel is a food consisting of some type of cereal—such as ground oats, wheat, rye, or rice—heated or boiled in water or milk. It is a thinner version of porridge that may be more often drunk rather than eaten. Historically, gruel has been a staple of the Western diet, especially for peasants. Gruel may also be made from millet, hemp, barley, or, in hard times, from chestnut flour or even the less-bitter acorns of some oaks. Gruel has historically been associated with feeding the sick and recently weaned children.

Gruel is also a colloquial expression for any watery food of unknown character, e.g., pea soup. Gruel has often been associated with poverty, with negative associations attached to the term in popular culture, as in the Charles Dickens novels Oliver Twist and A Christmas Carol.

Porridge
Porridge is a type of semi-solid food made by soaking, poaching or boiling, in milk or water, ground, crushed or chopped starchy plants, typically grain. Gruel is a thinner version of porridge, and congee is a savoury variation of porridge of Asian origin.

Porridge is often cooked with added flavourings such as sugar, honey, fruits or syrup to sweeten the cereal, or it can be mixed with spices, meat or vegetables to make a savoury dish. It is usually served hot in a bowl or a pot, depending on its consistency. Oat porridge, known as oatmeal in North America, is one of the most common types; while rice porridge is more common in Asia.
Karakuri puppet
Karakuri puppets (からくり人形, karakuri ningyō) are traditional Japanese mechanized puppets or automata, made from the 17th century to the 19th century. The dolls' gestures provided a form of entertainment. The word karakuri has also come to mean "mechanisms" or "trick" in Japanese. It is used to describe any device that evokes a sense of awe through concealment of its inner workings.

The name karakuri is thought to come from the Japanese verb karakuru, which means "to pull, stretch, and move a thread". It is alternatively written in kanji as 絡繰り, 絡繰, 機巧, 機関, and archaically as 唐繰.

Automaton
An automaton (/ɔːˈtɒmətən/ ⓘ; pl.: automata or automatons) is a relatively self-operating machine or control mechanism designed to automatically follow a sequence of operations or respond to predetermined instructions. Some automata, such as bellstrikers in mechanical clocks, are designed to give the illusion to the casual observer that they are operating under their own power or will, like a mechanical robot. The term has long been commonly associated with automated puppets that resemble moving humans or animals, built to impress and/or to entertain people.

Animatronics are a modern type of automata with electronics, often used for the portrayal of characters or creatures in films and in theme park attractions.
Hearst Communications
Hearst Corporation, Hearst Holdings Inc. and Hearst Communications Inc. is an American multinational mass media and business information conglomerate owned by the Hearst family and based in Hearst Tower in Midtown Manhattan in New York City.

Hearst owns newspapers, magazines, television channels, and television stations, including the Albany Times-Union, Houston Chronicle, Austin American-Statesman, San Francisco Chronicle, Cosmopolitan and Esquire. It owns 50 percent of the A&E Global Media cable network group and 18 percent of the sports television company ESPN Inc. The conglomerate also owns Fitch Group and First Databank.

The company was founded by William Randolph Hearst, a newspaper owner who was most well known for his use of yellow journalism. The Hearst family remains involved in its ownership and management.

ESPN Inc.
ESPN Inc. is an American multinational sports media conglomerate founded by Bill Rasmussen on September 7, 1979 and currently majority-owned by the Walt Disney Company via indirect subsidiary ABC Inc. as one of its three major business segments, with Hearst Communications and the National Football League as equity stakeholders.

Currently headed by executive James Pitaro since March 5, 2018, it owns and operates the ESPN-branded cable television, satellite television and streaming media channels and services including ESPN itself, ESPN DTC, ESPN+, ESPN2, ESPNU, ESPNews, ESPN Deportes, ESPN Radio, ESPN.com, ACC Network, SEC Network, 20% of TSN and the sports division of ABC. It also operates the international variants of ESPN via ESPN International.

Programming on its television networks include broadcasts of live or tape-delayed sporting events and sports-related programming including talk shows and original documentary series and films.
Dōtonbori
Dōtonbori or Dōtombori (道頓堀; pronounced [doːtomboɾi]) is a district in Osaka, Japan. Known as one of Osaka's principal tourist and nightlife areas, the area runs along the Dōtonbori canal from Dōtonboribashi Bridge to Nipponbashi Bridge in the Namba district of the city's Chūō ward. Historically a theater district, it is now a popular nightlife and entertainment area characterized by its eccentric atmosphere and large illuminated signboards.

One of the area's most prominent features is an illuminated billboard for confectionery company Glico displaying the image of a runner crossing a finishing line, which is often seen as an icon of Osaka within Japan.

Glico
Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd. (江崎グリコ株式会社, Ezaki Guriko Kabushiki-gaisha), commonly known as Glico, is a Japanese multinational food processing company headquartered in Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka. It does business across 30 countries, in North America, Asia-Pacific and Europe.
Mercury coulometer
In electrochemistry, a mercury coulometer is an analytical instrument which uses mercury to perform coulometry (determining the amount of matter transformed in a chemical reaction by measuring electric current) based on the following reaction:

These oxidation/reduction processes have 100% efficiency within a wide range of current densities. Measuring the quantity of electricity (coulombs) is conducted by measuring changes in the mass of the mercury electrode. The mass of the electrode can be increased during cathodic deposition of the mercury ions or decreased during the anodic dissolution of the metal.

where Q is the quantity of electricity; Δm is the change in mass; F is the Faraday constant; and MHg is the molar mass of mercury.

Coulometry
In analytical electrochemistry, coulometry is the measure of charge (coulombs) transfer during an electrochemical redox reaction. It can be used for precision measurements of charge, but coulometry is mainly used for analytical applications to determine the amount of matter transformed.

There are two main categories of coulometric techniques. Amperostatic coulometry, or coulometric titration keeps the current constant using an amperostat. Potentiostatic coulometry holds the electric potential constant during the reaction using a potentiostat.
Dahalik language
Dahalik (ዳሃሊክ [haka (na)] dahālík, "[language (of)] the people of Dahlak"; also Dahaalik, Dahlik, Dahlak) is an  endangered Afroasiatic language spoken exclusively in the Dahlak Archipelago in Eritrea. Its speech area is off the coast of Massawa, on three islands in the Dahlak Archipelago: Dahlak Kebir, Nora, and Dehil.

Dahalik belongs to the Afro-Asiatic family's Semitic branch, a member of the Ethiopic group, and is closely related to Tigre and Tigrinya. It is said to be not mutually intelligible with Tigre and, according to Simeone-Senelle, is sufficiently different to be considered a separate language. However, there are those who disagree.

Dahlak Archipelago
The Dahlak Archipelago is an Eritrean island group located in the Red Sea, measuring around 643 square km (248 square miles) and lying roughly 58 kilometers (31 nautical miles, 36 miles) east of Massawa, the regional capital city.
Airborne forces of Australia
Airborne forces raised by Australia have included a number of conventional and special forces units. During the Second World War the Australian Army formed the 1st Parachute Battalion; however, it did not see action. In the post-war period Australia's parachute capability was primarily maintained by special forces units. In the early 1980s a parachute infantry capability was revived which led to the Parachute Battalion Group forming in 1983 based on the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR). In 1997, a full time commando regiment was raised that was able to conduct large-scale operations which matured during the 2000s. In 2011, 3 RAR relinquished the parachute role, with the commando regiment conducting a large-scale parachute capability.

1st Parachute Battalion (Australia)
The 1st Parachute Battalion was a parachute infantry battalion of the Australian Army. Raised for service during the Second World War, it was formed in early 1943 from volunteers for airborne training. Despite achieving a high level of readiness, the battalion did not see action during the war and was disbanded in early 1946.
Kater's pendulum
A Kater's pendulum is a reversible free swinging pendulum invented by British physicist and army captain Henry Kater in 1817 (made public on 29 January 1818), for use as a gravimeter instrument to measure the local acceleration of gravity. Its advantage is that, unlike previous pendulum gravimeters, the pendulum's centre of gravity and center of oscillation do not have to be determined, allowing a greater accuracy. For about a century, until the 1930s, Kater's pendulum and its various refinements remained the standard method for measuring the strength of the Earth's gravity during geodetic surveys. It is now used only for demonstrating pendulum principles.

Gravimetry
Gravimetry is the measurement of the strength of a gravitational field. Gravimetry may be used when either the magnitude of a gravitational field or the properties of matter responsible for its creation are of interest. The study of gravity changes belongs to geodynamics.
Kiwi (shoe polish)
Kiwi is a global brand of shoe polish, originally developed in Australia in 1906 by William Ramsay. Kiwi has grown to be the dominant shoe polish in many countries since it was used by both the British and U.S. Armies in World War I. However it announced its exit from the UK market in 2022. Soon afterwards in 2023 Kiwi announced it will be ending the brand in the US by June 2024, sunsetting certain products before the 2023 year even ended.

In November 2023 an email confirming that kiwi shoe polish has been discontinued was published other kiwi products such as shoe deodorant continue to be made available.

As of 2025 the Kiwi brand is owned by S. C. Johnson.

William Ramsay (manufacturer)
William Ramsay (6 June 1868 – 4 September 1914) was a Scottish-born Australian shoe polish manufacturer. In 1906, Ramsay developed "Kiwi" brand shoe polish, today one of the most famous shoe polish brands in the world.
The Apprentice Australia
The Apprentice Australia was an Australian reality television series which aired on the Nine Network. It was based on NBC's The Apprentice. It first aired on 28 September 2009 and last aired on 23 November 2009, and features Mark Bouris, the founder and chairman of Wizard Home Loans and Yellow Brick Road, as the chief executive officer (CEO). It is narrated by Andrew Daddo, and the series' winner received a one-year employment contract worth $200,000 at a job managing Bouris' newest business venture, Yellow Brick Road.

Mark Bouris
Mark Leigh Bouris AM (born 30 November 1954) is an Australian businessman who is best known as the founder and chairman of Wizard Home Loans, Australia's second largest non-bank mortgage lender behind Aussie Home Loans. He is now the chairman of Yellow Brick Road, a business which he founded in 2007. Bouris was the host of The Celebrity Apprentice Australia from 2011 to 2015. He has also hosted The Apprentice Australia and The Mentor, and has written numerous books and appeared on various podcasts. He manages  Instagram and YouTube on social media.
Viscount Bolingbroke
Viscount Bolingbroke is a current title in the Peerage of Great Britain created in 1712 for Henry St John. He was simultaneously made Baron St John, of Lydiard Tregoze in the County of Wilts. Since 1751, the titles are merged with the titles of Viscount St John and Baron St John in the same peerage.

Frederick St John, 2nd Viscount Bolingbroke
Frederick St John, 2nd Viscount Bolingbroke (21 December 1732 – 5 May 1787) was a British peer and landowner. His father was John St John, 2nd Viscount St John, half-brother of Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke (1678–1751). His mother was Anne Furnese and his younger brother General the Hon. Henry St John (1738–1818).
New Writings in SF 8
New Writings in SF 8 is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by John Carnell, the eighth volume in a series of thirty, of which he edited the first twenty-one. It was first published in hardcover by Dennis Dobson in the United Kingdom in 1966, followed by a paperback edition by Corgi the same year, and an American paperback edition with different contents by Bantam Books in December 1971.

The United Kingdom edition collects six novelettes and short stories by various science fiction authors, with a foreword by Carnell. The American edition contains four pieces from the UK edition of New Writings in SF 10, three from the UK edition of New Writings in SF 11, and two from the UK edition of New Writings in SF 12.

The first story from the UK edition was reprinted in the American edition of New Writings in SF 7.

New Writings in SF 10
New Writings in SF 10 is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by John Carnell, the tenth volume in a series of thirty, of which he edited the first twenty-one. It was first published in hardcover by Dennis Dobson in 1967, followed by a paperback edition by Corgi the same year.

The book collects seven novelettes and short stories by various science fiction authors, with a foreword by Carnell. The first four stories were later reprinted in the American edition of New Writings in SF 8.
Mount Gambier railway line
The Mount Gambier railway line is a closed railway line in South Australia. Opened in stages from 1881, it was built to narrow gauge and joined Mount Gambier railway station, which was at that time the eastern terminus of a line to Beachport. It connected at Naracoorte to another isolated narrow gauge line joining Naracoorte to Kingston SE, and to the broad gauge Adelaide-Wolseley line at Wolseley, at around the same time that was extended to Serviceton to become the South Australian part of the interstate Melbourne–Adelaide railway. It was closed in April 1995.

Wolseley, South Australia
Wolseley (formerly Tatiara) is a small South Australian town near the Victorian border. It is five kilometres south of the Dukes Highway and 13 kilometres east of Bordertown.  It was first proclaimed a town in 1884.

The 2016 Australian census which was conducted in August 2016 reports that Wolseley had a population of 180 people.
Punjab Constabulary
The Punjab Constabulary (Punjabi, Urdu: پنجاب کانسٹیبلری) is a law enforcement agency in Pakistan which is responsible to maintain peace in Punjab Province by assisting Punjab Police. IG Police is the provincial police officer and heads all subordinate police units. Punjab Constabulary is a police unit working under the command of Commandant (Addl: Inspector General of Police). It takes actions to maintain law and order in the province and participate in different rescue operations. Punjab Constabulary is reserve police which provides security to different personalities and guards are deputed at different sensitive buildings all over the Punjab.

Addl: Inspector General of Police, Imran Arshad, PSP has been appointed the new Commandant of Punjab Constabulary as of 08.05.2023.

Punjab Police (Pakistan)
The Punjab Police (Punjabi, Urdu: پنجاب پولیس) is a law enforcement agency of Punjab, Pakistan. Under the command of its Inspector General (IG), it administers all criminal cases under the Police Acts of 1861 and 2002. The force was introduced in its modern form under British rule, and a colonial influence continues. On 03 February 2026, Rao Abdul Kareem was appointed as the Inspector General of Punjab Police.
Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.

Regulatory economics
Regulatory economics is the application of law by government or regulatory agencies for various economics-related purposes, including remedying market failure, protecting the environment and economic management.
WBEL (AM)
WBEL (1380 kHz) is a 1990s hits AM radio station in South Beloit, Illinois, with studios in Janesville, Wisconsin. Established in 1948, the station is owned by Big Radio. Its programming is simulcast on translator stations W222AU (92.3 FM) in Beloit, Wisconsin, and W255CZ (98.9 FM) in Janesville.

Beloit, Wisconsin
Beloit (/bəˈlɔɪt/ ⓘ bə-LOYT) is a city in Rock County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located along the Rock River in southern Wisconsin, on the state border with Illinois. The population was 36,657 at the 2020 census. The Janesville–Beloit metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Rock County, has an estimated 165,000 residents.
Shaylee Bent
Shaylee Bent (born 13 September 2000) is an Australian rugby league footballer who plays as a second-rower for the Gold Coast Titans Women in the NRL Women's Premiership and the Wynnum Manly Seagulls in the QRL Women's Premiership.

She is a New South Wales, Indigenous All Stars and Australian representative.

Gold Coast Titans Women
The Gold Coast Titans Women are a professional rugby league football club, based on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. The team is part of the Gold Coast Titans club and plays in the National Rugby League Women's Premiership (NRLW), Australia's premier club competition for women.
On 11 June 2021, the NRL announced that the club's application for a licence to join the NRLW had been accepted, as part of the expansion of the competition for the 2021 season. A few days later, on 14 June 2021, Jamie Feeney was announced as the inaugural coach of the Titans Women's team..
In early September 2021, the NRL announced that due to border restrictions then in place to mitigate COVID-19, the 2021 season would be postponed to early in the new year. The Titans Women played their first game on 27 February 2022. The team's first win came the following week, in Round 2, 26–16, over the eventual premiers, the Sydney Roosters.
FaZe Rug
Brian Rafat Awadis (born November 19, 1996), formerly known online as FaZe Rug, is an American YouTuber who produces vlogs, challenges, gaming videos, and pranks on YouTube.

A former co-owner of FaZe Clan and member for 13 years, he acquired his shares when the entertainment brand began distributing them to its biggest members. Brian announced that he had left FaZe Clan through a post on X on December 27, 2025.

FaZe Clan
FaZe Clan, or simply FaZe, is a professional esports and former entertainment brand. Founded on May 30, 2010, as FaZe Sniping, the organization has professional players and content creators from around the world, across multiple games.

In October 2023, an agreement was announced for FaZe Clan's parent company FaZe Holdings to be acquired by GameSquare in an all stock deal. In May 2024, GameSquare announced the formation of a new company, FaZe Media. This formation spins off FaZe Holdings into an esports company (FaZe Esports) and an internet media company (FaZe Media).

In December 2025, an exodus of members caused the entertainment division of FaZe (FaZe Media) to shut down.
Deotalab Assembly constituency
Deotalab is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India.

It is part of Rewa district. As of 2023, it is represented by Girish Gautam of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Rewa district
Rewa district (Hindi pronunciation: [ɾiːʋaː]) is a district in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The city of Rewa is the district headquarter. Rewa is sometimes called the "Land of White Tigers", as the first White Tiger was discovered here in 1951 by the Maharaja of the province, Martand Singh, in the nearby jungle of Govindgarh. Rewa was the capital city of a former state, Vindhya Pradesh.Rewa District is in northeastern Madhya Pradesh, India.
1985 Toronto municipal election
The 1985 Toronto municipal election was held to elect members of municipal councils, school boards, and hydro commissions in the six municipalities that made up Metropolitan Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The election was held on November 12, 1985.

Metropolitan Toronto
The Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto was an upper-tier level of municipal government in Ontario, Canada, from 1953 to 1998. It was made up of the old city of Toronto and numerous townships, towns and villages that surrounded Toronto, which were starting to urbanize rapidly after World War II. It was commonly referred to as "Metro Toronto" or "Metro".

Passage of the 1997 City of Toronto Act caused the 1998 amalgamation of Metropolitan Toronto and its constituents into the current City of Toronto. The boundaries of present-day Toronto are the same as those of Metropolitan Toronto upon its dissolution: Lake Ontario to the south, Etobicoke Creek and Highway 427 to the west, Steeles Avenue to the north, and the Rouge River to the east.