hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beer sommelier
A beer sommelier, also known as a cicerone in the United States, is a trained professional, working in the hospitality and alcoholic beverage industry, who specializes in the service and knowledge of beer, similar to a traditional wine sommelier. The knowledge required for certification includes an understanding of styles, brewing, ingredients, history of beer and brewing, glassware, beer service, draught systems, beer tasting, and food pairings. The profession is relatively new but growing.

Sommelier
A sommelier (UK: /ˈsɒməljeɪ, sɒˈmɛlieɪ/ SOM-əl-yay, som-EL-ee-ay, US: /ˌsʌməlˈjeɪ/ SUM-əl-YAY, French: [sɔməlje] ⓘ), chef de vin or wine steward, is a trained and knowledgeable wine professional, normally working in fine restaurants, who specializes in all aspects of wine service as well as wine and food pairing. The role of the sommelier in fine dining today is much more specialized and informed than that of a wine waiter. Sommeliers Australia states that the role is strategically on par with that of the chef de cuisine.
Desarrollo Urbano Tres Ríos
Desarrollo Urbano 3 Ríos is the sixth urban sector and the newest central business district in the central area of Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. The zone is known for city's biggest mall Forum Mall (Mexico).

Forum Culiacán
The Forum Culiacán is a shopping mall located in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico, in Desarrollo Urbano 3 Ríos (3 Rivers Urban Development), one of the biggest districts in the city, next to Culiacan river. The two story complex includes many clothing stores, a petshop, a food court, and a cinema. It has many shops including New Era.

The mall features the Santa María Tower and Tres Ríos Tower, a Ley Plaza supermarket, the Lucerna Hotel, the Riveras park, the Win Casino, and more around the mall.
Bread Loaf Writers' Conference
The Middlebury Bread Loaf Writers' Conference is an author's conference held every summer at the Bread Loaf Inn, near Bread Loaf Mountain, east of Middlebury, Vermont. Founded in 1926, it has been called by The New Yorker "the oldest and most prestigious writers' conference in the country." Bread Loaf is a program of Middlebury College and at its inception was closely associated with Robert Frost, who lived in nearby Ripton and attended a total of 29 sessions.

Middlebury College
Middlebury College is a private liberal arts college in Middlebury, Vermont, United States. Founded in 1800 by Congregationalists, Middlebury was the first operating college or university in Vermont.

In the fall of 2024, the college enrolled 2,760 undergraduates from all 50 states and 74 countries and offers 45 majors in the arts and humanities as well as joint engineering programs. In addition to its undergraduate liberal arts program, the school also has graduate schools, the Middlebury College Language Schools, the Bread Loaf School of English, and the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, as well as its C.V. Starr-Middlebury Schools Abroad international programs. Middlebury's 31 varsity teams are the Middlebury Panthers and compete in the NCAA Division III's New England Small College Athletic Conference.
Lim Guan Eng
Lim Guan Eng (Chinese: 林冠英; pinyin: Lín Guānyīng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lîm Koàn-eng; born 8 December 1960) is a Malaysian politician and accountant who served as the Minister of Finance of Malaysia from 2018 to 2020. A member of the Democratic Action Party (DAP), he has served as the party's second advisor since 2025.

Lim has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Bagan, Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Air Putih since March 2008. He also served as the 4th Chief Minister of Penang from March 2008 to May 2018, MP for Kota Melaka from August 1986 to November 1999 and 4th Secretary-General of DAP from September 2004 to March 2022.

Chief Minister of Penang
The chief minister of Penang is the head of government in the Malaysian state of Penang. According to convention, the chief minister is the leader of the majority party or largest coalition party of the Penang State Legislative Assembly. The chief minister's official residence is Seri Teratai in the capital city of George Town.

The 5th and incumbent chief minister is Chow Kon Yeow, who assumed office on 14 May 2018. Chow succeeds his party colleague, Lim Guan Eng, who had served as the chief minister between 2008 and 2018.
Jacksonville, Illinois
Jacksonville is a city and the county seat of Morgan County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,616 at the 2020 census, down from 19,446 in 2010. It is home to Illinois College, Illinois School for the Deaf, and the Illinois School for the Visually Impaired, and was formerly home to MacMurray College. Jacksonville is the principal city of the Jacksonville Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Morgan and Scott counties.

Illinois School for the Visually Impaired
The Illinois School for the Visually Impaired (ISVI), located in Jacksonville, Illinois, is a state-operated pre-kindergarten, elementary and high school for the blind and visually impaired. The school provides educational instruction and other resources for not only its school-aged students but also for persons up to age 21.

Founded in 1849 as the Illinois Institution for the Education of the Blind, the school was known as the Illinois School for the Blind from 1905 to 1954 and the Illinois Braille and Sight Saving School from then until the 1976/77 school year, when it gained its current name.
Casimir II, Duke of Pomerania
Casimir II (also spelled Kasimir II) (Polish: Kazimierz II pomorski) (c. 1180 – 1219) was the duke of Pomerania-Demmin from 1187 until his death. He was succeeded by Wartislaw III, Casimir's son with princess Ingardis of Denmark.

Wartislaw II
Wartislaw II (c. 1160 – c. 1184) was a duke of Pomerania-Demmin. He either was a son of Bogislaw I and Walburga of Denmark, or Wartislaw of the Swantiboride sideline of the Griffins, castellan of Szczecin.

Wartislaw II was a son of Bogislaw I, duke of Pomerania-Stettin and his first wife Walburga of Denmark. He was married to Sophia of Poland, yet they had no children. Wartislaw received Pomerania-Demmin after Casimir I of Pomerania-Demmin died in 1180.

This version is challenged by Adolf Hofmeister (1883–1956), who states that he has been confused with the Swantiboride castellan of Szczecin, Wartislaw (Wartislaw Swantiboricz or Swantiboriz), who is known to have been one of the legal guardians of Casimir II, who would be the next duke to rule Pomerania-Demmin.
Zhang Dan
Zhang Dan (simplified Chinese: 张丹; traditional Chinese: 張丹; pinyin: Zhāng Dān; born 4 October 1985) is a Chinese former pair skater. With Zhang Hao, she is  the 2006 Olympic silver medalist, a  four-time (2005 bronze, 2006, 2008, 2009 silver) World medalist, and a two-time (2005, 2010) Four Continents champion.
Zhang Dan retired from competition on May 6, 2012.

Zhang Hao (figure skater)
Zhang Hao (Chinese: 张昊; pinyin: Zhāng Hào; Mandarin pronunciation: [ʈʂáŋ xâʊ]; born July 6, 1984) is a Chinese retired pair skater. With current partner Yu Xiaoyu, he is the 2016–17 Grand Prix Final silver medalist, 2017 Asian Winter Games champion and 2018 Chinese national champion. With former partner Peng Cheng, he is the 2015 Four Continents silver medalist. With former partner Zhang Dan, he is the 2006 Olympic silver medalist, a  four-time (2005 bronze, 2006, 2008, 2009 silver) World medalist, and a two-time (2005, 2010) Four Continents champion.
Vinorelbine
Vinorelbine, sold under the brand name Navelbine among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. It is given by injection into a vein or by mouth.

Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, pain at the site of injection, vomiting, feeling tired, numbness, and diarrhea. Other serious side effects include shortness of breath. Use during pregnancy may harm the baby. Vinorelbine is in the vinca alkaloid family of medications. It is believed to work by disrupting the normal function of microtubules and thereby stopping cell division.

Vinorelbine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1994. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Vinca alkaloid
Vinca alkaloids are a set of anti-mitotic and anti-microtubule alkaloid agents originally derived from the periwinkle plant Catharanthus roseus (basionym Vinca rosea) and other vinca plants.  They block beta-tubulin polymerization in a dividing cell.
Bai Yang (actress)
Bai Yang (Chinese: 白杨; 4 March 1920 – 18 September 1996) was a Chinese film and drama actress mainly active from the 1930s to the 1950s, during which she was one of the country's most popular movie stars. She was considered the foremost of China's "Four Great Actresses," ahead of Qin Yi, Shu Xiuwen, and Zhang Ruifang. Her most famous films include Crossroads (1937), The Spring River Flows East (1947), Eight Thousand Li of Cloud and Moon (1947), and New Year's Sacrifice (1955).

Qin Yi
Qin Yi (Chinese: 秦怡; 4 February 1922 – 9 May 2022) was a Chinese actress. She gained fame for her stage performances in the war-time capital Chongqing during the Second Sino-Japanese War. After the war, she became one of China's most popular film actresses throughout the 1950s and the 1960s, and was recognised as one of the country's top four actresses. Premier Zhou Enlai called her the "most beautiful woman in China".
Agastache
Agastache (/ˌæɡəˈstɑːkiː/) is a genus of aromatic flowering herbaceous perennial plants in the family Lamiaceae. It contains 22 species, mainly native to North America, one species native to eastern Asia. The common names of the species are a variety of fairly ambiguous and confusing "hyssops" and "mints"; as a whole the genus is known as giant hyssops or hummingbird mints.

Mentha
Mentha, also known as mint (from Greek μίνθα míntha, Linear B mi-ta), is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is estimated that 18 to 24 species exist, but the exact distinction between species is unclear. Hybridization occurs naturally where some species' ranges overlap. Many hybrids and cultivars are known.

The genus has a subcosmopolitan distribution, growing best in wet environments and moist soils.
Kan of Balhae
Kan (Korean: 간; Hanja: 簡; died 818; r. 817–818) was the ninth king of Balhae. He was the son of the sixth king, Kang, and the younger brother of King Hŭi and Chŏng. He chose the era name T'aesi (태시; 太始; lit. majestic beginning).

Kang of Balhae
Kang (Korean: 강; Hanja: 康; died 809) was the sixth king of Balhae, ascending to the throne in 794 and ruling until his death. He was the son of King Mun, who was Balhae's third king. He chose the era name Chŏngnyŏk (정역; 正曆; lit. upright policy). During his reign, there was active trade with Japan and Tang China, and missions passed frequently among the three states.
Antergos
Antergos is a discontinued Linux distribution based on Arch Linux. By default, it includes the GNOME desktop environment, but it also offers options for Cinnamon, MATE, KDE Plasma 5, Deepin, and Xfce desktops. Originally released in July 2012 as Cinnarch, it quickly gained popularity and was ranked among the top 40 most popular distributions on DistroWatch by June 2013. The name Antergos derived from the Galician word for ancestors, was chosen "to link the past with the present".

Development of Antergos was discontinued on 21 May 2019, due to the limited availability of time for the volunteer developers. It was succeeded by EndeavourOS, which was released on 15 July 2019.

EndeavourOS
EndeavourOS is an Arch Linux-based Linux distribution or distro. EndeavourOS began as a successor to Antergos, a discontinued distribution also based on Arch Linux. It uses the same rolling release schedule as Arch Linux, but periodically releases updated installation media (ISO files). As of January 15, 2026, the most recent release is "Endeavour Ganymede Neo", bringing minor updates following the "Neo" tradition.
Coppice, Greater Manchester
Coppice is a locality and urban/suburban area the town of Oldham, in Greater Manchester, England.

It is located to the south of Oldham town centre and is contiguous with other areas of Oldham including Hathershaw, Werneth, Hollins, Copster Hill and Primrose Bank.

Coppice is the location of Hulme Grammar School and Werneth Cricket Club whose ground is known as 'The Coppice'.

Werneth, Greater Manchester
Werneth (/ˈwɜːrnɛθ/; WUR-nəth) is an area of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England. The population at the 2011 census was 12,348. It is 1 mile (1.6 km) west-southwest of Oldham's commercial centre and one of its most ancient localities. It is contiguous with Westwood, Hollinwood, Hollins and Chadderton. Werneth includes Freehold between Werneth Park and Oldham's border with Chadderton at Block Lane.

In 2017 more than three quarters (76.6%) of Werneth's population were members of an ethnic minority group, with the Pakistani population being largest (48.6%).
Zipf–Mandelbrot law
In probability theory and statistics, the Zipf–Mandelbrot law is a discrete probability distribution. Also known as the Pareto–Zipf law, it is a power-law distribution on ranked data, named after the linguist George Kingsley Zipf, who suggested a simpler distribution called Zipf's law, and the mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot, who subsequently generalized it.

The probability mass function is given by

where  is given by

which may be thought of as a generalization of a harmonic number. In the formula,  is the rank of the data, and  and  are parameters of the distribution. In the limit as  approaches infinity, this becomes the Hurwitz zeta function . For finite  and  the Zipf–Mandelbrot law becomes Zipf's law. For infinite  and  it becomes a zeta distribution.

George Kingsley Zipf
George Kingsley Zipf (/ˈzɪf/ ZIF; January 7, 1902 – September 25, 1950) was an American linguist and philologist who studied statistical occurrences in different languages.

Zipf earned his bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees from Harvard University, and also studied at the University of Bonn and the University of Berlin.

He was chairman of the German department and university lecturer (meaning he could teach any subject he chose) at Harvard University. He worked with Chinese and demographics, and much of his effort can explain properties of the Internet, distribution of income within nations, and many other collections of data.
Giuseppe Ricciotti
Giuseppe Ricciotti CRL (1890 in Rome – 1964) was an Italian canon regular, Biblical scholar and archeologist. He is famous mainly for his book The Life of Christ edited in 1941 and reedited and reprinted several times.

Canons Regular of the Lateran
The Canons Regular of the Lateran (CRL, Canonici Regulares Lateranenses), formally titled the Canons Regular of St. Augustine of the Congregation of the Most Holy Savior at the Lateran, is an international congregation  of canons regular, comprising priests and lay brothers, in the Catholic Church. They received their present name from Pope Eugene IV in 1446.
C The Contra Adventure
C: The Contra Adventure is a 1998 third-person shooter game developed by Appaloosa Interactive and published by Konami for the PlayStation. It was the second of two Contra games Konami of America co-produced with Appaloosa, following Contra: Legacy of War in 1996. C: The Contra Adventure was never released in Japan, Europe, or Australia.

Contra: Legacy of War
Contra: Legacy of War is a 1996 third-person shooter game developed by Appaloosa Interactive and published by Konami for the PlayStation and Sega Saturn. It is a follow-up to Contra: Hard Corps, and was the first of two games in the Contra series that were externally developed by Appaloosa; the second game, C: The Contra Adventure, was released in 1998. Legacy of War marks the series' shift to three-dimensional graphics and gameplay, the game was released packaged with a pair of 3D anaglyph glasses, which enables the player to view the 3D effects incorporated into the game's graphics. Legacy of War bears the distinction for being the first console game in the series to retain both the Contra title and human characters during its release in Europe and Australia (where the console series has been known as Probotector from the first NES game until Contra: Hard Corps). The game was scheduled to be released in Japan as well, but was cancelled.
Summer Pro League
The Summer Pro League (SPL), formerly known as the Southern California Summer Pro League, was a basketball league held every summer in Long Beach, California. The SPL moved to the Walter Pyramid on the campus of Long Beach State in 1995. Before then, it was held at various sites in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area, including UCLA, Loyola Marymount University, and Pepperdine University. The league was founded in 1969.

While not run by the National Basketball Association (NBA), the league previously hosted NBA teams with their first and second round draft picks, undrafted players, and free agents. Due to the NBA lockout in 1998, no NBA teams were entered into the league that year. Due to the rising popularity of the Las Vegas Summer League, 2006 was the last year the NBA sent teams to the SPL. 2007 was the SPL's final year in operation, during which the league played with amateur teams.

NBA Summer League
The NBA Summer League is a series of off-season basketball competitions in which National Basketball Association (NBA) teams come together to try out different summer rosters instead of their regular season lineups, including rookie, sophomore and G League affiliate players. The primary competition that most teams participate in, the Las Vegas NBA Summer League, has been held in the Las Vegas area since 2004. In addition, the California Classic has been hosted by the Golden State Warriors or the Sacramento Kings since 2018, and the Utah Jazz has hosted the Salt Lake City Summer League (known as the Utah Jazz Summer League from 2015 to 2019) since 2015. Previously, the Orlando Magic hosted the Orlando Pro Summer League from 2002 to 2017. All those leagues are sometimes referred to as NBA Summer League when also mentioned with its host location.
Chung Ju-yung
Chung Ju-yung or Jung Joo-young (Korean: 정주영; 25 November 1915 – 21 March 2001) was a South Korean entrepreneur and the founder of Hyundai Group, one of the largest chaebols in South Korea. Under his leadership, Hyundai became the world's largest shipbuilder, while Hyundai Motor Group expanded to become the largest automobile manufacturer in Korea and the third-largest worldwide. He is considered a pivotal figure in the development of the South Korean economy.

Hyundai Group
Hyundai Group (Korean: 현대그룹; Korean pronunciation: [ˈçəːndɛ]) is a South Korean conglomerate founded by Chung Ju-yung. The group was founded in 1947 as a construction company. With government assistance, Chung and his family members rapidly expanded into various industries, eventually becoming South Korea's second chaebol.  Chung Ju-yung was directly in control of the company until his death in 2001.

The company spun off many of its better known businesses after the 1997 Asian financial crisis and founder Chung Ju-yung's death, including Hyundai Motor Group,  Hyundai Department Store Group, and Hyundai Heavy Industries Group. The Hyundai Group is now primarily focused on logistics and services.
Herefordshire Beacon
The Herefordshire Beacon is one of the highest peaks of the Malvern Hills. It is surrounded by a British Iron Age hill fort earthwork known as British Camp. The fort subsequently had a ringwork and bailey castle built inside its boundary and there is evidence of 120 huts in the area. British Camp has been a scheduled monument since 1923.

On the eastern slope of Herefordshire Beacon, there is a disused reservoir, British Camp Reservoir, which holds approximately 213,000 cubic metres (7,500,000 cu ft) of water.

Malvern Hills
The Malvern Hills are in the English counties of Worcestershire, Herefordshire and a small area of northern Gloucestershire, dominating the surrounding countryside and the towns and villages of the district of Malvern. The highest summit, known as the Worcestershire Beacon, affords a panorama of the Severn Valley, the hills of Herefordshire and the Welsh mountains, parts of thirteen counties, the Bristol Channel, and the cathedrals of Worcester, Gloucester and Hereford.

They are known for their spring water – initially from holy wells, and later the spa town of Great Malvern, which led to the production of the modern bottled drinking water.

The Malvern Hills have been designated as a biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest, and by Natural England as National Character Area 103 and an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Management of the area is the responsibility of the Malvern Hills Trust.
Howrah–New Jalpaiguri Shatabdi Express
The Howrah–New Jalpaiguri Shatabdi Express is a Shatabdi class train of Indian Railways connecting Kolkata and Siliguri, West Bengal's two most important cities via Bardhaman & Rampurhat . It is the second fastest train after Howrah–New Jalpaiguri Vande Bharat Express in the Howrah – New Jalpaiguri section covering a distance of 561 km (chargeable distance may be different but it is same when it is being written) in a span of about 8 hours.

Howrah–New Jalpaiguri Vande Bharat Express
The Howrah–New Jalpaiguri Vande Bharat Express is an Indian Railways Vande Bharat Express train. It connects the capital of West Bengal, Kolkata, via Howrah railway station to the largest city in northern West Bengal, Silguri, via New Jalpaiguri Junction railway station. During the journey the train stops at Bolpur Shantiniketan , Malda Town , Barsoi Junction and Kishanganj.
Best Sellers (TV series)
Best Sellers (also known as NBC Best Sellers) is a television series broadcast by NBC during the 1976–77 season. It is an anthology series consisting of miniseries, each one based on a best-selling historical novel that had been written in the last 10 years. In total, four miniseries were aired: Captains and the Kings, based on Captains and the Kings (1972); Once an Eagle, based on Once an Eagle (1968); Seventh Avenue, based on Seventh Avenue (1967); and The Rhinemann Exchange, based on The Rhinemann Exchange (1974). The theme music was composed by Elmer Bernstein, who also scored Captains and the Kings.

The concept was similar to 1950s television serialised dramas, when plays and novels were formatted into several broadcast episodes under a single umbrella program title.  It was one of the earliest examples of the modern mini-series format. The format, however, apparently did not seem to work for NBC in the mid-1970s, which ended the series after one season.

Seventh Avenue (miniseries)
Seventh Avenue is a six-part American television miniseries broadcast in 1977. It is based on the 1967 Norman Bogner novel of the same name. The miniseries was directed by Richard Irving and Russ Marberry, and produced by Franklin Barton and Richard Irving. The music is by Nelson Riddle.

Seventh Avenue was broadcast on NBC from February 10 to February 24, 1977 as six episodes in three two-hour blocks, as part of NBC's weekly miniseries series, Best Sellers. It stars Steven Keats, Dori Brenner, Anne Archer and Jane Seymour.

The storyline deals with a poor young man (Keats) from Manhattan's Lower East Side who is determined to rise to the top of the garment industry on Seventh Avenue.