hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Weston (explorer)
William Weston, a 15th-century merchant from Bristol, was probably the first Englishman to lead an expedition to North America, the voyage taking place most likely in 1499 or 1500. Evidence of Weston's leadership has been discovered only in the early 21st century, and it changes interpretations of the discovery era.

He also is believed to have been part of John Cabot's landmark 1497 expedition, the first confirmed European expedition to North America since the Vikings 500 years before.

John Cabot
John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto [dʒoˈvanni kaˈbɔːto]; c. 1450 – c. 1499) was an Italian navigator and explorer. His 1497 voyage to the coast of North America under the commission of Henry VII, King of England is the earliest known European exploration of coastal North America since the Norse visits to Vinland in the eleventh century.
To mark the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Cabot's expedition, both the Canadian and British governments declared Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland as representing Cabot's first landing site. However, alternative locations have also been proposed.
Prix Guy-Mauffette
The Prix Guy-Mauffette is an award by the Government of Quebec that is part of the Prix du Québec, given to individuals for an outstanding career in the radio and television arts in Quebec. It was first awarded in 2011. It is named in honour of Guy Mauffette (1915–2005).

Guy Mauffette was a pioneer director and radio host in Quebec.

Prix du Québec
The Prix du Québec (French pronunciation: [pʁi dy kebɛk]) are awards given by the Government of Quebec to individuals for cultural and scientific achievements. Founded in 1977, the government annually awards ten awards in the cultural field and eight in the scientific field.
Filter design
Filter design is the process of designing a signal processing filter that satisfies a set of requirements, some of which may be conflicting. The purpose is to find a realization of the filter that meets each of the requirements to an acceptable degree.

The filter design process can be described as an optimization problem. Certain parts of the design process can be automated, but an experienced designer may be needed to get a good result.

The design of digital filters is a complex topic. Although filters are easily understood and calculated, the practical challenges of their design and implementation are significant and are the subject of advanced research.

Finite impulse response
In signal processing, a finite impulse response (FIR) filter is a filter whose impulse response (or response to any finite length input) is of finite duration, because it settles to zero in finite time. This is in contrast to infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, which may have internal feedback and may continue to respond indefinitely (usually decaying).

The impulse response (that is, the output in response to a Kronecker delta input) of an Nth-order discrete-time FIR filter lasts exactly  samples (from first nonzero element through last nonzero element) before it then settles to zero.

FIR filters can be discrete-time or continuous-time, and digital or analog.
Colin Campbell (Swedish East India Company)
Colin Campbell (1 November 1686 – 9 May 1757) was a Scottish merchant and entrepreneur who co-founded the Swedish East India Company and was Swedish King Fredrik I's first envoy to the Emperor of China.

Swedish East India Company
The Swedish East India Company (Swedish: Svenska Ostindiska Companiet; SOIC) was founded in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1731 for the purpose of conducting trade with India, China, and the Far East. The venture was inspired by the success of the Dutch East India Company and the British East India Company. This made Gothenburg a European Centre of trade in eastern products. The main goods were black pepper, spices, silk, tea, furniture, porcelain, precious stones and other distinctive luxury items. Trade with India and China saw the arrival of some new customs in Sweden. The cultural influence increased, and tea, rice, arrack (a drink made from fermented sap or sugarcane) and new root vegetables started appearing in Swedish homes.

It grew to become the largest trading company in Sweden during the 18th century: a total of 132 expeditions were carried out with 37 different ships. The company folded in 1813; nevertheless, it left clear footprints that can still be seen in Gothenburg.
Louis Ferreira
Louis Ferreira (born Luís Henrique da Rocha Ferreira; born 20 February 1966) is a Canadian actor. Ferreira is known for his roles in Stargate Universe as Colonel Everett Young, serial killer Ray Prager in the first season of Durham County, FBI Assistant Director John Pollock in Missing, and Art Blank in Saw IV, Saw V, and Saw 3D. He starred in the CTV series Motive as homicide detective Oscar Vega. Before 2008, he was credited under the stage name Justin Louis.

Missing (Canadian TV series)
Missing (originally titled 1-800-Missing) is a Canadian crime drama television series based on the 1-800-WHERE-R-YOU book series by Meg Cabot. The series aired on the A-Channel network and W Network in Canada, and on Lifetime in the United States from August 2003 to February 2006.

The theme song was "This Dream Is Real", performed by actress Gloria Reuben, was heard during the first season, while the second season, it was replaced with a song called "Till I Find You" performed by Kina, which was heard during the opening credits as well.
Christos Demetriou
Christos "Chris" Demetriou (born in Paphos, Cyprus), also known as Chris Dee, is a British songwriter, musician, and record producer. A cover of a song he co-wrote with John Kongos, "He's Gonna Step On You Again" (which later became "Step On" by the alternative dance band Happy Mondays), appears in Q magazine's top hundred singles of all time.

He's Gonna Step on You Again
"He's Gonna Step on You Again" (also known as "Step On") is a song originally performed by South African singer John Kongos, co-written by Kongos and Christos Demetriou, and first released in 1971 by Fly Records and featued on his second studio album Kongos. It was a hit in Kongos' native South Africa, Australia and Europe and a minor hit in North America that year, entering the UK Singles Chart on 22 May 1971 and spending 14 weeks there, peaking at No. 4. Covers of the song have been chart successes several times, including for the Happy Mondays in 1990.

It was cited in the Guinness Book of Records as being the first song to have used a sample, utilising a tape loop of African drumming.
Oligodon fasciolatus
Oligodon fasciolatus, commonly known as the small-banded kukri snake or the fasciolated kukri snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is native to Southeast Asia.  This snake uniquely eviscerates live poisonous toads, Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Asian common toads), to avoid toxic white liquid the toad secretes. This snake also preys on the Kaloula pulchra (Banded bullfrog).

Eating an Asian common toad

Eating a banded bullfrog

Duttaphrynus melanostictus
Duttaphrynus melanostictus is commonly called Asian common toad, Asian black-spined toad, Asian toad, black-spectacled toad, common Sunda toad, and Javanese toad. It is probably a complex of more than one true toad species that is widely distributed in South and Southeast Asia.

The species grows to about 20 cm (8 in) long. Asian common toads breed during the monsoon, and their tadpoles are black. Young toads may be seen in large numbers after monsoon rains finish.
Przemysław Frasunek
Przemysław Frasunek (also known as venglin, born 6 May 1983) is a "white hat" hacker from Poland. He has been a frequent Bugtraq poster since late in the 1990s, noted for one of the first published successful software exploits for the format string bug class of attacks, just after the first exploit of the person using nickname tf8. Until that time the vulnerability was thought harmless. He is the CEO of Redge Technologies.

Uncontrolled format string
Uncontrolled format string is a type of code injection vulnerability discovered around 1989 that can be used in security exploits. Originally thought harmless, format string exploits can be used to crash a program or to execute harmful code. The problem stems from the use of unchecked user input as the format string parameter in certain C functions that perform formatting, such as printf(). A malicious user may use the %s and %x format tokens, among others, to print data from the call stack or possibly other locations in memory. One may also write arbitrary data to arbitrary locations using the %n format token, which commands printf() and similar functions to write the number of bytes formatted to an address stored on the stack.
Katowice Conference
The Katowice Conference (also known as the Kattowitz Conference) was a convention of Hovevei Zion groups from various countries held in Kattowitz, Germany (today: Katowice, Poland) in November, 1884. It was assembled to address the need of a Jewish state and to develop a plan for the creation of a Jewish state. The original date for the conference was chosen to coincide with the 100th anniversary of the birth of Moses Montefiore.

The conference was chaired by Leon Pinsker and attended by 32 people, of which 22 were from Russia. It was the first public meeting of Zionists, preceding the First Zionist Congress by 13 years.

Lovers of Zion
The Lovers of Zion, also Hovevei Zion (Hebrew: חובבי ציון) or Hibbat Zion (Hebrew: חיבת ציון, lit. 'Love of Zion'), were a variety of proto-Zionist organizations founded in 1881 in response to the anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire and were officially constituted as a group at a conference led by Leon Pinsker in 1884.

The organizations are now considered the forerunners and foundation-builders of modern Zionism. Many of the first groups were established in Eastern European countries in the early 1880s with the aim to promote Jewish immigration to Palestine, and advance Jewish settlement there, particularly agricultural. Most of them stayed away from politics.
Nuevo Mundo volcano
Nuevo Mundo also known as Jatun Mundo Quri Warani (Hispanicized spellings Jatun Mundo Khori Huarani, Jatun Mundo Khorihuarani), is a stratovolcano, lava dome and  a lava flow complex between Potosí and Uyuni, Bolivia, in the Andes rising to a peak at 5,438 m (17,841 ft). It is located in the Potosí Department, Antonio Quijarro Province, Tomave Municipality. It lies northeast of the peaks of Uyuni, Kuntur Chukuña and Chuqi Warani and south of Sirk'i.

Cerro Lípez
Cerro Lípez (also Cerro Lipez) is a stratovolcano in the Cordillera de Lípez in the Sud Lípez Province of the  Potosí Department in southwestern Bolivia. It has twin peaks and rises to 5,933 m. On some maps it is incorrectly labeled as Nuevo Mundo. Nuevo Mundo is in fact hundreds of kilometres to the northeast and five hundred metres shorter. The confusion came in part from a misidentification of the height of Nuevo Mundo.
Pedro Damián
Pedro Muñoz Romero (born 29 November 1952), known as Pedro Damián, is a Mexican television producer, actor, director and executive producer of popular teen telenovelas. His works include Clase 406, Lola, Érase Una Vez, Mis XV, Rebelde, Like, la leyenda and RBD: La Familia, distributed within and outside Mexico. He has worked with musical acts RBD and Eiza Gonzalez.

Like (TV series)
Like, la leyenda, or simply Like is a Mexican telenovela that premiered on Las Estrellas on 10 September 2018 and ended on 20 January 2019. The telenovela is produced by Pedro Damián for Televisa. The series follows the lives of thirteen students and the problems that adolescents experience during their time in high school.
Princess Hwisin
Princess Hwisin (Korean: 휘신공주; Hanja: 徽愼公主; 24 October 1491 – ?), or firstly honoured as Princess Hwisun (휘순공주; 徽順公主), was a Joseon Royal Princess and the eldest daughter of Yeonsangun of Joseon and Deposed Queen Sin.

Her title as Princess was abolished after her father's abdication and was titled as Gu Mun-gyeong’s wife (구문경의 처), Lady Yi (이씨), or Lady Gu (구씨) to follow her husband's clan, the Neungseong Gu clan.

Yeonsangun of Joseon
Yeonsangun or Prince Yeonsan (Korean: 연산군; Hanja: 燕山君; 23 November 1476 – 20 November 1506), personal name Yi Yung (이융; 李㦕), was the 10th monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. Often considered the worst tyrant in Joseon's history and perhaps all Korean history, he is notorious for launching two bloody purges, seizing hundreds of women from all over the peninsula to serve as palace entertainers, and appropriating Sungkyunkwan as a personal pleasure ground. Yeonsangun's despotic rule provided a stark contrast to the liberal era of his father, and as a much-despised overthrown monarch, he did not receive a temple name.
1976 United States presidential election in Tennessee
The 1976 United States presidential election in Tennessee was held on November 2, 1976. The Democratic Party candidate, former Georgia governor Jimmy Carter won the state of Tennessee with 56% of the vote against Republican Party candidate, President Gerald Ford, carrying the state's 10 electoral votes.

As of the 2024 presidential election, this was the last time a Democratic presidential candidate won more than 50% of the vote in Tennessee or carried the state by a double-digit margin. This is also the last election in which Williamson County, Sullivan County, Madison County, Hamblen County, Cumberland County, McMinn County, Loudon County, Monroe County, Rhea County, and Chester County voted for a Democratic presidential candidate.

Hamblen County, Tennessee
Hamblen County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 64,499. Its county seat and only incorporated city is Morristown. Hamblen County is the core county of the Morristown, Tennessee Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Hamblen and Jefferson counties. The county and the Morristown MSA are included in the Knoxville-Morristown-Sevierville, TN Combined Statistical Area.
Afadzato South District
Afadzato South District (a.k.a. Afadzato Anyigbe) is one of the eighteen districts in Volta Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Hohoe District on 10 March 1989, until the southern part of the district was split off to create Afadzato South District on 28 June 2012; thus the remaining portion has been retained as Hohoe Municipal District. The district assembly is located in the northern part of Volta Region and has Ve Golokwati as its capital town.

Hohoe Municipal District
Hohoe Municipal District is one of the eighteen districts in Volta Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988 when it was known as Hohoe District, until it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 29 February 2008 to become Hohoe Municipal District. On 28 June 2012, the southern part of the district was split off to create Afadzato South District; thus the remaining part has been retained as Hohoe Municipal District. However on 8 October 2021, the northern part of the district was split off to create Guan District (which moved to Oti Region); thus the remaining part has been retained as Hohoe Municipal District (thus staying within Volta Region). The municipality is located in the northern part of Volta Region and has Hohoe as its capital town.
Ana Clara
Ana Clara Mello Lima (born April 11, 1997), better known as Ana Clara, is a Brazilian presenter, journalist, reporter, actress and YouTuber. She gained national notoriety when she participated in the eighteenth edition of the reality show Big Brother Brasil.

Big Brother Brasil 18
Big Brother Brasil 18 was the eighteenth season of Big Brother Brasil which premiered on January 22, 2018, on the Rede Globo. The show was produced by Endemol Globo and presented by Tiago Leifert.

The grand prize is R$1.5 million with tax allowances, plus a R$150,000 prize offered to the runner-up and a R$50,000 prize offered to the housemate in 3rd place.

On April 19, 2018, psychology student Gleici Damasceno won the competition with 57.28% of the public vote, over waiter Kaysar Dadour and journalism student Ana Clara Lima & systems analyst Ayrton Lima.

For the first time, the BBB had three winning women in a row.
Archipelago Sea
The Archipelago Sea (Swedish: Skärgårdshavet, Finnish: Saaristomeri) is a part of the Baltic Sea between the Gulf of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland and the Sea of Åland, within Finnish territorial waters. By some definitions it contains the largest archipelago in the world by the number of islands, estimated at around 50,000, although many of the islands are very small and tightly clustered.

The larger islands are inhabited and connected by ferries and bridges. Åland, including the largest islands of the region, forms an autonomous region within Finland. The rest of the islands are part of the region of Southwest Finland. The Archipelago Sea is a significant tourist destination.

The Guardian's journalist Tristan Parker wrote an article praising  the Turku Archipelago on July 29, 2021, mentioning that "nowhere has the gentle magic of the smaller islands – or their wildlife."

Southwest Finland
Southwest Finland (Finnish: Varsinais-Suomi, IPA: [ˈʋɑrs̠inɑi̯s̠ˌs̠uo̞̯mi]; Swedish: Egentliga Finland) is a region (Finnish: maakunta, Swedish: landskap) of Finland. It borders the regions of Satakunta, Pirkanmaa, Kanta-Häme, Uusimaa, and Åland. The regional capital and most populous city is Turku, which was the capital city of Finland before Helsinki.

The region largely corresponds to the historical province of Finland Proper. Until 2019, its official English name was Finland Proper, a designation still used in Finnish (Varsinais-Suomi) and Swedish (Egentliga Finland).
Three men's morris
Three men's morris is an abstract strategy game played on a three by three board (counting lines) 
that is similar to tic-tac-toe. It is also related to six men's morris and nine men's morris. A player wins by forming a mill, that is, three of their own pieces in a row.

Tic-tac-toe
Tic-tac-toe (American English), noughts and crosses (Commonwealth English), or Xs and Os (Canadian or Irish English) is a paper-and-pencil game for two players who take turns marking the spaces in a three-by-three grid, one with Xs and the other with Os. A player wins when they mark all three spaces of a row, column, or diagonal of the grid, whereupon they traditionally draw a line through those three marks to indicate the win. It is a solved game, with a forced draw assuming best play from both players.
Indigenous peoples of Oceania
The Indigenous people of Oceania are Aboriginal Australians, Papuans, and Austronesians (Melanesians, Micronesians, and Polynesians). These indigenous peoples have a historical continuity with pre-colonial societies that developed on their territories. With the notable exceptions of Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, New Caledonia, Guam, and Northern Mariana Islands, indigenous people make up the majority of the populations of Oceania.

This differs from the term Pacific Islanders, which usually excludes Indigenous Australians, and may be understood to include both indigenous and non-indigenous populations of the Pacific Islands alike.

Micronesians
The Micronesians or Micronesian peoples are various closely related ethnic groups native to Micronesia, a region of Oceania in the Pacific Ocean. They are a part of the Austronesian ethnolinguistic group, which has an Urheimat in Taiwan.

Ethno-linguistic groups classified as Micronesian include the Carolinians (Northern Mariana Islands), Chamorros (Guam & Northern Mariana Islands), Chuukese, Mortlockese, Namonuito, Paafang, Puluwat and Pollapese (Chuuk), I-Kiribati (Kiribati), Kosraeans (Kosrae), Marshallese (Marshall Islands), Nauruans (Nauru), Palauan, Sonsorolese, and Hatohobei (Palau), Pohnpeians, Pingelapese, Ngatikese, Mwokilese (Pohnpei), and Yapese, Ulithian, Woleian, Satawalese (Yap).
Lukeville Port of Entry
The Lukeville, Arizona Port of Entry was established by Executive Order in 1949. It has primarily been a port of entry for passenger vehicles and pedestrians.

It connects Mexican Federal Highway 8 in Sonoyta, Sonora, with Arizona State Route 85, in Lukeville, Arizona. Modifications made using funding from the Federal Highway Administration and Mexican businesses in 2011 facilitate the inspection of trucks and improve general throughput. Much of the traffic using this crossing is people traveling to the popular beach town of Puerto Peñasco, Sonora.

The Lukeville crossing was closed on December 4, 2023, by U.S. Customs and Border Protection. This action was taken to reassign border officers to manage an increase in migrant arrivals. The closure led to devastating consequences for the communities of Lukeville and Sonoyta. The port of entry was reopened on January 4, 2024.

Lukeville, Arizona
Lukeville is a small unincorporated town on the Mexico–United States border in southern Pima County, Arizona, United States. It was started by Charles Luke, brother of World War I aviator Frank Luke, an Arizona native who was awarded a posthumous Medal of Honor.
Charlotte Frank
Charlotte Frank (born 25 July 1959, Kiel) is a German architect and partner at Schultes Frank Architekten in Berlin. In 2003, together with others, she was awarded the German Architecture Prize for the new Federal Chancellery in Berlin. She has worked with Axel Schultes on other projects, including the Kunstmuseum Bonn (1992).

Federal Chancellery, Berlin
The Federal Chancellery (German: Bundeskanzleramt, pronounced [ˈbʊndəskant͡slɐˌʔamt͡] ⓘ) in Berlin is the official seat and residence of the chancellor of Germany as well as their executive office, the German Chancellery. As part of the move of the German Federal Government from Bonn to Berlin, the office moved into the new building planned by the architects Axel Schultes and Charlotte Frank. The building is part of the "Federal Ribbon" (German: Band des Bundes) in the Spreebogen. Its address is Willy-Brandt-Straße 1, located in the Tiergarten area of Berlin.
Nikola Rosić
Nikola Rosić (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Росић, born 5 August 1984) is a Serbian volleyball player, a member of Serbia men's national volleyball team and Romanian club Tomis Constanța, a participant at the Olympic Games London 2012, winner of the European Championship 2011, bronze medalist of the World Championship 2010, and medalist in the World League.

Serbia men's national volleyball team
The Serbia men's national volleyball team represents Serbia in international men's volleyball. FIVB and the CEV consider Serbia the inheritor of the records of SFR Yugoslavia (1948–1991) and Serbia and Montenegro (1992–2006). Serbia won gold at the Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia and bronze at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.

The Yugoslav Olympic Committee declared the national volleyball team to be the best male team of the year in 2000, and the Olympic Committee of Serbia did the same in 2010 and 2013.