hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peter Butterworth
Peter William Shorrocks Butterworth (4 February 1915 – 17 January 1979) was a British actor and comedian best known for his appearances in the Carry On film series and as the Meddling Monk in Doctor Who. He was also a regular on children's television and radio.

Butterworth was married to actress and impressionist Janet Brown.

Janet Brown
Janet McLuckie Brown (14 December 1923 – 27 May 2011) was a Scottish actress, comedian and impressionist who gained considerable fame in the 1970s and 1980s for her impersonations of Margaret Thatcher. Brown was the wife of Peter Butterworth, who was best known for his appearances in the Carry On films. Butterworth died in 1979 and Brown never remarried.
Jay McInerney
John Barrett "Jay" McInerney Jr. (/ˈmækɪnɜːrni/; born January 13, 1955) is an American novelist, screenwriter, editor, and columnist. His novels include Bright Lights, Big City, Ransom, Story of My Life, Brightness Falls, and The Last of the Savages. He edited The Penguin Book of New American Voices, wrote the screenplay for the 1988 film adaptation of Bright Lights, Big City, and co-wrote the screenplay for the television film Gia, which starred Angelina Jolie. He was the wine columnist for House & Garden magazine, and his essays on wine have been collected in Bacchus & Me (2000) and A Hedonist in the Cellar (2006). His most recent novel is titled Bright, Precious Days, published in 2016. From April 2010 he was a wine columnist for The Wall Street Journal. In 2009, he published a book of short stories that spanned his entire career, titled How It Ended, which was named one of the 10 best books of the year by Janet Maslin of The New York Times.

Bright Lights, Big City (film)
Bright Lights, Big City is a 1988 American drama film directed by James Bridges and adapted from Jay McInerney's 1984 novel of the same name. Michael J. Fox stars as a young writer unraveling in Manhattan's fast-paced nightlife, with co-stars Kiefer Sutherland, Phoebe Cates, Dianne Wiest, and Jason Robards. McInerney wrote the screenplay for the adaptation. The film marked the final directorial effort of Bridges, who died in 1993.
Chemical glycosylation
A chemical glycosylation reaction involves the coupling of a glycosyl donor, to a glycosyl acceptor forming  a glycoside. If both the donor and acceptor are sugars, then the product is an  oligosaccharide.  The reaction requires activation with a suitable activating reagent.  The reactions often result in a mixture of products due to the creation of a new stereogenic centre at the anomeric position of the glycosyl donor.  The formation of a glycosidic linkage allows for the synthesis of complex polysaccharides which may play important roles in biological processes and pathogenesis and therefore having synthetic analogs of these molecules allows for further studies with respect to their biological importance.

Glycosyl acceptor
A glycosyl acceptor is any suitable nucleophile-containing molecule that will react with a glycosyl donor to form a new glycosidic bond. By convention, the acceptor is the member of this pair which did not contain the resulting anomeric carbon of the new glycosidic bond. Since the nucleophilic atom of the acceptor is typically an oxygen atom, this can be remembered using the mnemonic of the acceptor is the alcohol. A glycosyl acceptor can be a mono- or oligosaccharide that contains an available nucleophile, such as an unprotected hydroxyl.
Glenn R. Simpson
Glenn Richard Simpson (born 1964) is an American former journalist who worked for The Wall Street Journal until 2009, and then co-founded the Washington-based research business Fusion GPS. He was also a senior fellow at the International Assessment and Strategy Center.

He is the co-author of Dirty Little Secrets: The Persistence of Corruption in American Politics written with political scientist Larry Sabato and published in 1996. A New York Times book review called the book's approach "fiercely bipartisan".

Fusion GPS
Fusion GPS is an opposition research and strategic intelligence firm based in Washington, D.C. The company conducts open-source investigations and provides research and strategic advice for businesses, law firms and investors, and political campaigns. The "GPS" initialism is derived from "Global research, Political analysis, Strategic insight".
Jimbōchō Book Town
Jimbōchō Book Town (Japanese: 神田神保町古書街, Hepburn: Kanda Jinbōchō Koshogai; alternately Jinbōchō Book Town)
and also known as Kanda Book Town (Japanese: 神田古書店街, Hepburn: Kanda Koshoten Gai), is a book town located in the district of Kanda-Jinbōchō in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. The area is known for its high volume and concentration of used bookstores. It additionally houses the headquarters for multiple major Japanese publishing companies, as well as campuses for several universities.

Kanda-Jinbōchō
Kanda-Jinbōchō (神田神保町), commonly known as Jinbōchō or Jimbōchō, is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. Jimbōchō Book Town is known as Tokyo's center of used-book stores and publishing houses, and as a popular antique and curio shopping area.

The center of Jinbōchō is at the crossing of Yasukuni-dōri and Hakusan-dōri, above Jimbōchō Station on the Tokyo Metro Hanzōmon Line, Toei Mita Line and Toei Shinjuku Line. The prestigious Tokyo Book Binding Club and Literature Preservation Society are located in Jinbōchō, and the area is within walking distance of a number of major universities, including Nihon, Senshu, Meiji, Hosei and Juntendo.

Jinbōchō is officially known (in addresses, etc.) as Kanda-Jinbōchō (神田神保町), and is part of the former ward of Kanda.

In 2025 Time Out named it the coolest neighborhood in the world.
Pennsylvania Railroad class M1
The M1 was a class of steam locomotive of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR).  It was a class of heavy mixed-traffic locomotives of the 4-8-2 "Mountain" arrangement, which uses four pairs of driving wheels with a four-wheel guiding truck in front for stability at speed and a two-wheel trailing truck to support the large firebox needed for sustained power.  Although built for both passenger and freight work, they spent most of their service lives hauling heavy high-speed freight trains.

4-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels, eight powered and coupled driving wheels and two trailing wheels. This type of steam locomotive is commonly known as the Mountain type, though the New York Central Railroad used the name Mohawk for their 4-8-2s.
Early naval vessels of New Zealand
A range of naval vessels were used in New Zealand from its early settlement years to the formation of the New Zealand Naval Forces in 1913. In the mid-19th century, these vessels included frigates, sloops, schooners, and steam-driven paddlewheel boats. In 1846, five years after New Zealand was first proclaimed a colony, it bought its first gunboat. In the 1840s and 1850s, steam boats were used to survey the ports and the coastline. In the 1860s, New Zealand established the Waikato flotilla, its first de facto navy.

By the late 19th century, New Zealand was using cruisers and torpedo boats. In the 1880s, in response to the Russian scares, coastal defences were established, a mine-laying steamer was ordered, and spar torpedo boats began patrolling the main ports. In 1911, New Zealand funded the construction of a battlecruiser, and in 1913, the New Zealand Naval Forces were created as a separate division within the Royal Navy.

Coastal fortifications of New Zealand
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GPX (all coordinates)

GPX (primary coordinates)

GPX (secondary coordinates)

Coastal fortifications were constructed in New Zealand in two main waves: around 1885 as a response to fears of an attack by Russia, and in World War II due to fears of invasion by the Japanese.

The fortifications were built from British designs adapted to New Zealand conditions. They typically included gun emplacements, pill boxes, fire control or observation posts, camouflage strategies, underground bunkers, sometimes with interconnected tunnels, containing magazines, supply and plotting rooms and protected engine rooms supplying power to the gun turrets and searchlights. There were also kitchens, barracks, and officer and NCO quarters.
Summer
Summer or summertime is the hottest and brightest of the four temperate seasons, occurring after spring and before autumn. At or centred on the summer solstice, daylight hours are the longest and darkness hours are the shortest, with day length decreasing as the season progresses after the solstice. The earliest sunrises and latest sunsets also occur near the date of the solstice. The date of the beginning of summer varies according to definition, climate, tradition, and culture. When it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere, and vice versa.

Autumn
Autumn, also known as fall in North American English, is one of the four temperate seasons on Earth. Outside the tropics, autumn marks the transition from summer to winter, beginning in September (Northern Hemisphere) or March (Southern Hemisphere). Autumn is the season when the duration of daytime becomes noticeably shorter and the temperature cools considerably. Day length decreases and night length increases as the season progresses until the winter solstice in December (Northern Hemisphere) and June (Southern Hemisphere). One of its main features in temperate climates is the striking change in colour of the leaves of deciduous trees as they prepare to shed.
Decriminalization of homosexuality in Ecuador
The decriminalization of homosexuality in Ecuador took place on 25 November 1997, when the Constitutional Tribunal issued a landmark decision in Case 111-97-TC declaring the first clause of Article 516 of the Penal Code – which criminalized same-sex sexual relations as a crime with a penalty of four to eight years of imprisonment – unconstitutional. The ruling put an end to more than one hundred years of criminalization of homosexuality and was the result of a claim filed by different LGBTQ groups as a response to the police abuses usually experienced by sexually diverse individuals in Ecuador.

Bar Abanicos police raid
The Bar Abanicos police raid took place on the night of June 14, 1997, in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. During the raid, the police arrested homosexual and transgender people who had come to the bar for the election of the city's first gay queen. The detainees were tortured and raped inside the jail, with the consent of the police.

The event generated reactions of rejection at the national level and was the trigger for different LGBTQ sectors to organize for the first time in the country and initiate a campaign for the decriminalization of homosexuality in Ecuador, which in November of the same year achieved its goal when the Constitutional Court declared that the first paragraph of Article 516 of the Criminal Code, which criminalized homosexuality with a sentence of four to eight years, was unconstitutional.
Blacksod Lighthouse
Blacksod Lighthouse (Gaelic: Fód Dubh) is a lighthouse at the southern end of the Mullet Peninsula, Erris, County Mayo, at the entrance to Blacksod Bay. It is made of local granite blocks, which came from the Beaufort quarries, a nearby outcrop of high-quality granite.

The keeper's house  consists of single story rooms with a  square tower leading to a castellated building. It was occupied by a resident lighthouse keeper.  Blacksod is of unusual design for a lighthouse, being  one of only two true square lighthouses in Ireland, it has small conical lantern section on top, which is painted white.

Blackrock Island, County Mayo
Blackrock Island (54°4′0.67″N 10°19′12.66″W﻿ / ﻿54.0668528°N 10.3201833°W﻿ / 54.0668528; -10.3201833; Irish: An Tor) is a rocky island rising to a height of 70 metres above sea level and located northwest of Achill Island approximately 12 miles west of Blacksod Bay. Typical rainfall is 72 inches per annum, and the island is often shrouded in mist.  It is visible from near the Glosh Tower on the Mullet Peninsula, and, with reference to the other islands in the area, is sometimes described as the "one that looks like a volcano".

There is a small rocky islet 125 m to the east with a length of 80 m.  There are about five rocky islets including Fish Rock, Carrickaduff and Carrackabrown spread 1 km to 2 km in a generally westwards direction.
Emma Ingilby
Emma Clare Roebuck Ingilby, Lady Ingilby (née; Thompson) is a British aristocrat and businesswoman. Upon her marriage to Sir Thomas Ingilby in 1984, she became the châtelaine of Ripley Castle, the seat of the Ingilby baronets. She co-owns and co-runs the estate alongside her husband, and opened the castle up to the public in the late 1980s. As of February 2025 she and her husband are selling the castle and estate in order to retire.

Ripley Castle
Ripley Castle is a Grade I listed 14th-century country house in Ripley, North Yorkshire, England, 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Harrogate.

The castle has been the seat of the Ingilby baronets for centuries. In June 2024 it was announced that it was to be sold.
WORA-TV
WORA-TV (channel 5), branded ABC Puerto Rico, is a television station in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, affiliated with ABC and owned by Telecinco Media Holdings. WORA-TV's studios are located on Ponce de León Avenue in Santurce, with additional studios at the Guanajibo Building in Mayagüez. The station's transmitter is located at Monte del Estado in Maricao.

WRFB (channel 5) in Carolina operates as a full-time satellite of WORA-TV, serving San Juan and eastern Puerto Rico.

Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
Mayagüez (Spanish pronunciation: [maʝaˈɣwes], locally [maʝaˈweʔ]) is the ninth-largest municipality in Puerto Rico. It was founded as Pueblo de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria de Mayagüez (Township of Our Lady of Candelaria), and is also known as La Sultana del Oeste (The Sultaness of the West), Ciudad de las Aguas Puras (City of Pure Waters), or Ciudad del Mangó (Mango City). On April 6, 1894, the Spanish Crown granted it the formal title of Excelente Ciudad de Mayagüez (Excellent City of Mayagüez). Mayagüez is located in the center of the western coast on the island of Puerto Rico. It has a population of 73,077, and it is the principal city of the Mayagüez Metropolitan Statistical Area (pop. 213,831) and the Mayagüez–Aguadilla, PR Combined Statistical Area (pop. 467,599).
Massachusetts Metaphysical College
The Massachusetts Metaphysical College was founded in 1881 by Mary Baker Eddy in Boston, Massachusetts, to teach her school of theology that she named Christian Science. After teaching for almost seven years, Eddy closed this college in 1889 in order to devote herself to the revision of her book, Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures, but retained her charter and reopened the college in 1899 as an auxiliary to her Church.

Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures
Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures by Mary Baker Eddy is, along with the Bible, one of two central texts of the Christian Science religion. Eddy described it as her "most important work." She began writing it in February 1872, and the first edition was published in 1875. She would continue editing it and adding to it for the rest of her life.

The book was selected as one of the "75 Books By Women Whose Words Have Changed The World", by the Women's National Book Association.

In 2001 the book had sold over nine million copies, and as of 2024, it eclipsed ten million copies.
Choi Yu-ree
Choi Yu-ree (Korean: 최유리; born November 24, 1998) is a South Korean singer-songwriter. Choi is known as the winner of the 29th Yoo Jae-ha Music Contest in 2018 and as one of the 23rd CJ Azit TuneUp Musicians. Her most famous single is Wish, original soundtrack of Netflix original series Hometown Cha-Cha-Cha (2021).

Hometown Cha-Cha-Cha
Hometown Cha-Cha-Cha (Korean: 갯마을 차차차) is a 2021 South Korean romantic comedy television series starring Shin Min-a, Kim Seon-ho and Lee Sang-yi. It is a remake of 2004 South Korean film Mr. Handy, Mr. Hong. It aired on tvN from August 28 to October 17, 2021, every Saturday and Sunday at 21:00 (KST). It is also available for streaming on Netflix.

The series became one of the highest-rated dramas in Korean cable television history, and ranked first place in its timeslot for its entire run with the last episode achieving a 12.665% nationwide rating. It also became one of Netflix's most-watched non-English television shows.
Cushamen Department
Cushamen is a  department located in the north west of Chubut Province in Argentina.

The provincial subdivision has a population of about 17,000 inhabitants in an area of  16,250 km2, and its capital city is Cushamen.
The name means loneliness in the Tehuelche language.

Cushamen
Cushamen is a town in Chubut Province, Argentina. It is the head town of the Cushamen Department.

Cushamen is located in the wild plains of Patagonia, its name means "place of solitude" in Mapuche.

The town is home to a Regional Indigenous Museum, which features various artefacts, including pottery and fabrics.
King (chess)
The king (♔, ♚) is the most important piece in the game of chess. It may move to any adjacent square that is not controlled by an enemy piece; it may also perform, in tandem with the rook, a move called castling. If a player's king is threatened with capture, it is said to be in check, and the player must remove or evade the threat of capture immediately, such as by moving it away from the attacked square. If this cannot be done, the king is said to be in checkmate, resulting in a loss for the checkmated player. A player cannot make any move that places their own king in check. Despite this, the king can become a strong offensive piece in the endgame or, rarely, the middlegame.

In algebraic notation, the king is abbreviated by the letter K among English speakers. The white king starts the game on e1; the black king starts on e8. Unlike all other pieces, each player can have only one king, and the king is never removed from the board during the game.

Checkmate
Checkmate (often shortened to mate) is any game position in chess and other chess-like games in which a player's king is in check (threatened with capture) and there is no possible escape. Checkmating the opponent wins the game.

In chess, the king is never actually captured. The player loses as soon as their king is checkmated. In formal games, it is usually considered good etiquette to resign an inevitably lost game before being checkmated.

If a player is not in check but has no legal moves, then it is stalemate, and the game immediately ends in a draw. A checkmating move is recorded in algebraic notation using the hash symbol "#", for example: 34.Qg3#.
Mbegane Ndour
Maad Saloum Mbegane Ndour (Serer: Mbegaan Nduur or Mbeggaan Nduur), was the founder and first king of Saloum in present-day Senegal. He ruled using the Serer title Maad Saloum (king of Saloum in Serer, Bour Saloum in Wolof) from c. 1493 - 1513, and as Maad a Sinig (king of Sine) from c. 1506 or 1510 - presumably as regent. Born to a Serer father from Saloum, and a Serer princess of Sine, he belonged to the reigning Guelowar maternal dynasty of Sine and Saloum that ruled for over six-hundred years.

Guelowar
Guelowar (or Gelwaar in Serer), also spelled Gelwar, Guelwar, Guelware, Gueleware or Gueloware, was a maternal dynasty in the pre-colonial Serer and Wolof kingdoms of Sine, Wolof Kingdoms of Cayor, Baol, Joloff and  Saloum (in the Senegambia, but mainly in the western area of present-day Senegal). They were matrilineally from the Mandinka ethnic gr Gidan Wayaoup, and patrilineally of Serer origin. The offspring of Mandinka women and Serer men became the kings of Sine and Saloum. The same also for the kings in Joloff kingdoms in modern-day Senegal. The dynasty lasted from the mid-14th century to 1969, the year both kings died.

The terme "Guelwar", Anglicised or Franconised to "Guelwars", is the plural form. The singular is "Kelwar" (in Serer).
Riga Governorate
Riga Governorate  (Latvian: Rīgas guberņa, Russian: Рижская губерния, romanized: Rizhskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) and one of the Baltic governorates of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1713 to 1783. The Province of Riga was formed to replace the Eastern Provinces of the Kingdom of Sweden in 1713. After the conquest of the regions of Ingermanland, Livonia and Estonia by Sweden in the Great Northern War in 1710. In 1713, the Provinces of Riga and Tallinn were separated into separate administrative units, and in 1713–1714, the organization and management of the Province of Riga were also defined.

Baltic Governorates
The Baltic Governorates, originally the Ostsee Governorates, were the administrative units of the Russian Empire established in the territories of Swedish Estonia, Swedish Livonia (1721), and later the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1795).

The three governorates were known as Baltic Krai (Russian: Прибалтийский край) or Ostsee Krai , Although they did not constitute a separate administrative entity, the three gevernorates had much in common and considerably differed from the rest of Russia..
Art Gallery of New South Wales
The Art Gallery of New South Wales (AGNSW), founded as the New South Wales Academy of Art in 1872 and known as the National Art Gallery of New South Wales between 1883 and 1958, is located in The Domain, Sydney, Australia. It is the most important public gallery in Sydney and one of the largest in Australia.

The gallery's first public exhibition opened in 1874. Admission is free to the general exhibition space, which displays Australian art (including Indigenous Australian art), European and Asian art. A dedicated Asian Gallery was opened in 2003.

The Domain, Sydney
The Domain is a heritage-listed 34-hectare (84-acre) area of open space on the eastern fringe of the Sydney central business district, Australia. Separating the central business district from Woolloomooloo, The Domain adjoins the Royal Botanic Garden and is managed by The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, a division of the Office of Environment & Heritage. The Domain is used as a venue for outdoor concerts, open-air events, large political gatherings and rallies, as well as being used daily by the people of Sydney for exercise and relaxation. Along with the Royal Botanic Garden, The Domain was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
Mid Devon
50°54′00″N 3°29′24″W﻿ / ﻿50.900°N 3.490°W﻿ / 50.900; -3.490

Mid Devon is a local government district in Devon, England. The council is based in the district's largest town of Tiverton. The district also contains the towns of Bampton, Bradninch, Crediton and Cullompton, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Part of the district lies within the Blackdown Hills, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are East Devon, Teignbridge, West Devon, Torridge, North Devon and Somerset.

Torridge District
50°53′35″N 4°15′54″W﻿ / ﻿50.893°N 4.265°W﻿ / 50.893; -4.265

Torridge is a local government district in north-west Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Bideford. The district also includes the towns of Great Torrington, Holsworthy and Northam, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. The island of Lundy forms part of the district. The district is named after the River Torridge.

The district's coast is recognised for its natural beauty, forming part of the North Devon Coast, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The South West Coast Path runs through the area.

The neighbouring districts are North Devon, Mid Devon, West Devon and Cornwall.