hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Milwaukee metropolitan area
The Milwaukee metropolitan area (also known as Metro Milwaukee or Greater Milwaukee) is a major metropolitan area in southeastern Wisconsin, United States, consisting of the city of Milwaukee and some of the surrounding area.

The U.S. Census Bureau defines the Milwaukee–Waukesha–West Allis metropolitan area as consisting Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Washington and Waukesha counties. With a population of 1.57 million, it is the largest metropolitan area in Wisconsin and the 40th-largest metropolitan area in the U.S. The greater Milwaukee–Racine–Waukesha combined statistical area is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau to include Dodge, Jefferson, Racine, and Walworth counties. With a population of 2.05 million, it is the 34th-largest combined statistical area in the country.

Walworth County, Wisconsin
Walworth County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 106,478. Its county seat is Elkhorn. The county was created in 1836 from Wisconsin Territory and organized in 1839. It is named for Reuben H. Walworth. Walworth County comprises the Whitewater-Elkhorn, WI Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha, WI Combined Statistical Area. The University of Wisconsin-Whitewater is located in Walworth County.

Walworth County features several major tourist destinations: Lake Geneva, Alpine Valley Resort, and Alpine Valley Music Theatre. Tourism is a large contributor to Walworth County's economy. It is Wisconsin's fifteenth largest county in population, but it is the sixth largest in terms of economic impact from tourism (nearly $1 billion in 2023).
Carloway
Carloway (Scottish Gaelic: Càrlabhagh [ˈkʰaːɾɫ̪ə.ɤː]) is a crofting township and a district on the west coast of the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The district has a population of around 500. Carloway township is within the parish of Uig, and is situated on the A858.

Uig, Lewis
Uig (Scottish Gaelic: Ùig [uːkʲ]), also known as Sgìr' Ùig, is a civil parish and community in the west of the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The Parish of Uig is one of the four civil parishes of the Isle of Lewis. It contains the districts of Carloway, East Uig, Bernera and West Uig (commonly known as Uig district or Uig Lewis). The name derives from the Norse word Vik meaning 'a bay'.
SSH File Transfer Protocol
In computing, the SSH File Transfer Protocol, also known as Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP), is a network protocol that provides file access, file transfer, and file management over any reliable data stream. It was designed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as an extension of the Secure Shell protocol (SSH) version 2.0 to provide secure file transfer capabilities, and is seen as a replacement of File Transfer Protocol (FTP) due to superior security. The IETF Internet Draft states that, even though this protocol is described in the context of the SSH-2 protocol, it could be used in a number of different applications, such as secure file transfer over Transport Layer Security (TLS) and transfer of management information in VPN applications.

This protocol assumes that it is run over a secure channel, such as SSH, that the server has already authenticated the client, and that the identity of the client user is available to the protocol.

The official URI scheme is sftp.

File transfer
File transfer is the transmission of a computer file through a communication channel from one computer system to another. Typically, file transfer is mediated by a communications protocol. In the history of computing, numerous file transfer protocols have been designed for different contexts.
BC-348
The BC-348 is an American-made communications receiver, which was mass-produced during World War II for the U.S. Army Air Force.  Under the joint Army-Navy nomenclature system, the receiver system became known as the AN/ARR-11.

AN/ART-13
The AN/ART-13 was a radio transmitter manufactured by Collins Radio that found widespread use during and after World War II in military aircraft.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/ART-13" designation represents the 13th design of an Army-Navy airborne electronic device for radio transmission equipment. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.
Musar movement
The Musar movement (Hebrew: תְּנוּעַת הַמוּסָר, romanized: tnūʿat ha-Mūsar; also spelled Mussar) is an ethical, educational, and cultural movement in Judaism that developed in 19th-century Lithuania, particularly among Orthodox Lithuanian Jews. Musar (Biblical Hebrew: מוּסָר) is derived from Proverbs 1:2, wherein the author of the book of Proverbs uses the term to describe moral behavior, instruction, and discipline, with an emphasis on educating oneself about how to act properly. The term was used by the originators of the Musar movement to convey teachings regarding ethical and spiritual paths found in the Musar literature (סִפְרוּת הַמוּסָר, sifrūt ha-Mūsar). The Musar movement made significant contributions to the Musar literature and Jewish ethics. The movement was revived in the 21st century among Jews of all denominations, particularly in the United States.

Musar literature
Musar literature is didactic Jewish ethical literature which describes virtues and vices and the path towards character improvement. This literature gives the name to the Musar movement in 19th-century Lithuania, but this article considers such literature more broadly.
Lisa Jenn Bigelow
Lisa Jenn Bigelow is an American writer of children's books and young adult fiction. Her middle-grade novel Hazel's Theory of Evolution won the 2020 Lambda Literary Award for Children's and Young Adult Literature.

Hazel's Theory of Evolution
Hazel's Theory of Evolution is a young adult novel by Lisa Jenn Bigelow. In 2019 HarperCollins published the book, which received the Lambda Literary Award in 2020.

The novel tells the story of a middle school girl who struggles with adapting to many changes in her life, including her mother's pregnancy after many miscarriages and making new friends after switching schools. Bigelow tackles issues of change, identity, and family within the framework of the novel.
Caylee Cowan
Catherine Caylee Cowan (born March 19, 1998) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles in Sunrise in Heaven (2019), Willy's Wonderland (2021), Spinning Gold (2022), and Frank and Penelope (2022).

Sunrise in Heaven
Sunrise in Heaven (also known as Forever Love) is a 2019 American romance direct-to-video film directed by Waymon Boone and written by Dan Benamor. The film stars Caylee Cowan, Corbin Bernsen, Dee Wallace, Travis Burns, Erin Bethea, and Jenn Gotzon Chandler. It is based on His Sunrise My Sunset, a 2016 romance novel by American author Jan Hurst. Hurst was inspired to write the faith-based book after the car crash that killed her husband, Steve.
Russulaceae
The Russulaceae are a diverse family of fungi in the order Russulales, with roughly 1,900 known species and a worldwide distribution. They comprise the brittlegills and the milk-caps, well-known mushroom-forming fungi that include some edible species. These gilled mushrooms are characterised by the brittle flesh of their fruitbodies.

In addition to these typical agaricoid forms, the family contains species with fruitbodies that are laterally striped (pleurotoid), closed (secotioid or gasteroid), or crust-like (corticioid). Molecular phylogenetics has demonstrated close affinities between species with very different fruitbody types and has discovered new, distinct lineages.

An important group of root-symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi in forests and shrublands around the world includes Lactifluus, Multifurca, Russula, and Lactarius. The crust-forming genera Boidinia, Gloeopeniophorella, and Pseudoxenasma, all wood-decay fungi, have basal positions in the family.

Gloeopeniophorella
Gloeopeniophorella is a genus of crust-like, wood-decaying fungi in the family Russulaceae. It contains six known species. Gloeopeniophorella was first described by Brazilian mycologist Johannes Rick in 1934.

Hjortstam & Ryvarden (2007) wrote on Gloeopeniophorella: "The genus should be fairly easy to recognize with species having an almost smooth hymenophore, hyphae without clamp-connections, both metuloids and gloeocystidia, and spores that are both rugose and amyloid. We are of the opinion that the dextrinoid reaction of the metuloids in Dextrinocystidium is not an important character for generic separation."

The Catalogue of Life, on September 2025, recognizes 4 species of Gloeopeniophorella:

Gloeopeniophorella griseolutea Rick

Gloeopeniophorella rubroflava Rick

Gloeopeniophorella sacrata (G. Cunn.) Hjortstam & Ryvarden

Gloeopeniophorella singularis (Boidin, Lanq. & Gilles) Hjortstam & Ryvarden
TestPartner
TestPartner is a GUI software testing tool from Micro Focus that is intended to enable software development project teams to functionally automate and test application graphical user interfaces, with the goal of being able to accomplish more application testing in a given amount of time than could be performed manually.

On 6 May 2009, Micro Focus announced the purchase of the Quality Solutions part of Compuware which included TestPartner. Borland acquired the rights and support of TestPartner as Silk Test Partner, but the product has been discontinued in favor of Silk Test and will continue to provide support only.

Micro Focus
Micro Focus International plc was a British multinational software and information technology business based in Newbury, Berkshire, England. The firm provided software and consultancy. The company was listed on the London Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange until it was acquired by the Canadian software firm OpenText in January 2023.
Jesus Church, Troutbeck
Jesus Church is in the village of Troutbeck in the Lake District, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Windermere, the archdeaconry of Westmorland and Furness, and the diocese of Carlisle. The church is situated on the A592 Windermere to Patterdale road and is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building. Its benefice is united with that of St Martin's Church, Bowness-on-Windermere; St Anne's Church, Ings; St Cuthbert's Church, Kentmere; St James' Church, Staveley and St Mary's Church, Windermere.

Troutbeck, Lakes
Troutbeck is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Lakes, in Westmorland and Furness unitary authority   in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. It is 3 miles (5 km) north of Windermere town, and west of the A592 road, in the valley of Trout Beck. It is a conservation area and includes the National Trust property of Townend. In 1961 the parish had a population of 592.
Commercial Bank Chad
Commercial Bank Chad, also spelled as Commercial Bank Tchad (CBT), is a commercial bank in the Republic of Chad. It is a member of the Commercial Bank Group and is affiliated with the Commercial Bank of Cameroon (CBC), Commercial Bank Centrafrique (CBCA), the Commercial Bank Equatorial Guinea (CBGE) and Commercial Bank São Tomé and Príncipe (CBSTP).

Commercial Bank Group
Commercial Bank Group is a financial services organization in Central Africa. The Group's headquarters are located in Douala, Cameroon, with subsidiaries in Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea and São Tomé and Príncipe.
Sherwood railway station, Perth
Sherwood railway station is a suburban railway station in Armadale, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. It is on the Armadale line which is part of the Transperth network, and is 28.6 kilometres (17.8 mi) southwest of Perth station and 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) north of Armadale station. The station opened in 1973 as Kingsley, but was renamed to Sherwood in 1989. It consists of two side platforms with a pedestrian level crossing. It is not fully accessible due to steep ramps, wide gaps at the pedestrian level crossing, and wide gaps between the platform and train. Services are operated by Transperth Train Operations, a division of the state government's Public Transport Authority. The station was temporarily closed for 18 months from November 2023 to allow upgrade works on the Armadale Line to take place. It reopened in October 2025.

Armadale, Western Australia
Armadale is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, within the City of Armadale, located on the south-eastern edge of the Perth metropolitan region. The major junction of the South Western and Albany Highways, which connect Perth with the South West and Great Southern regions respectively, is located within the suburb. It was once the terminus of the Armadale railway line, one of eight major railway lines to service Perth.
Alexander Campbell (Illinois politician)
Alexander Campbell (October 4, 1814 – August 8, 1898) was an Illinois businessman, politician, and author. After serving in state and local office as a member of the Whig Party and the Republican Party, Campbell published a book titled The True American System of Finance, becoming a leading figure in the Greenback movement. Campbell's work expanded on that of economist Edward Kellogg, who had advocated for fiat money. Campbell served a single term in the United States House of Representatives as an independent, and won the backing of several delegates for the presidential nomination at the 1876 and 1880 Greenback National Convention.

Edward Kellogg (economist)
Edward Kellogg (October 18, 1790, in Norwalk, Connecticut – April 29, 1858, in New York) was a businessman and economist. Influenced by his experience in the Panic of 1837, he became an early advocate of fiat money. His ideas later influenced the Greenback movement and the Populist Party.
Mortagne, Vosges
Mortagne (French pronunciation: [mɔʁtaɲ] ⓘ) is a commune in the Vosges department in Grand Est in northeastern France.

It shares its name with the eponymous river which borders the commune on its south-eastern side.

Mortagne (river)
The Mortagne (French: la Mortagne) is a 74.6-kilometre (46.4 mi) long river in the Vosges and Meurthe-et-Moselle départements, northeastern France. Its source is at Saint-Léonard, 5 km (3.1 mi) west of the village, in the Vosges Mountains. It flows generally northwest. It is a left tributary of the Meurthe into which it flows at Mont-sur-Meurthe, 5 km (3.1 mi) southwest of Lunéville.
Freudenthal spectral theorem
In mathematics, the Freudenthal spectral theorem is a result in Riesz space theory proved by Hans Freudenthal in 1936. It roughly states that any  element dominated by a positive element in a Riesz space with the principal projection property can in a sense be approximated uniformly by simple functions.

Numerous well-known results may be derived from the Freudenthal spectral theorem. The well-known Radon–Nikodym theorem, the validity of the Poisson formula and the spectral theorem from the theory of normal operators can all be shown to follow as special cases of the Freudenthal spectral theorem.

Riesz space
In mathematics, a Riesz space, lattice-ordered vector space or vector lattice is a partially ordered vector space where the order structure is a lattice.

Riesz spaces are named after Frigyes Riesz who first defined them in his 1928 paper Sur la décomposition des opérations fonctionelles linéaires.

Riesz spaces have wide-ranging applications. They are important in measure theory, in that important results are special cases of results for Riesz spaces. For example, the Radon–Nikodym theorem follows as a special case of the Freudenthal spectral theorem. Riesz spaces have also seen application in mathematical economics through the work of Greek-American economist and mathematician Charalambos D. Aliprantis.
Canadian River
The Canadian River is the longest tributary of the Arkansas River. Entirely within the United States, it is about 1,026 miles (1,651 km) long, starting in Colorado and traveling through New Mexico, the Texas Panhandle, and Oklahoma. The drainage area is about 47,700 square miles (124,000 km2).

The Canadian is sometimes referred to as the South Canadian River to differentiate it from its tributary the North Canadian River.

North Canadian River
The North Canadian River is a river, 440 miles (710 km) long, in Oklahoma in the United States. It is a tributary of the Canadian River, draining an area of 17,955 square miles (46,500 km2) in a watershed that includes parts of northeastern New Mexico and the Texas Panhandle.

A seven-mile (eleven-kilometer) portion of the river flowing through Oklahoma City was renamed the Oklahoma River in 2004.
Leah Horowitz
Sarah Rebecca Rachel Leah Horowitz (1715–1795), known as Leah Horowitz, was a rabbinic and kabbalistic scholar, who wrote in Yiddish. She was the author of Tkhinne imohes (Supplication of the Matriarchs). She lived in Bolechów, Poland.

Bolekhiv
Bolekhiv (Ukrainian: Болехів, IPA: [boˈlɛxiu̯] ⓘ; Polish: Bolechów; Yiddish: באָלעכאָוו) is a city in Kalush Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine. It was once home to a large Jewish community, very few of whom survived World War II. Bolekhiv hosts the administration of Bolekhiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 10,259 (2022 estimate).
E-Theses Online Service
E-Theses Online Service (EThOS) was a bibliographic database and union catalogue of electronic theses provided by the British Library, the National Library of the United Kingdom. As of February 2022 EThOS provided access to over 500,000 doctoral theses awarded by over 140 UK higher education institutions, with around 3,000 new thesis records added every month until the British Library cyberattack forced the service to be temporarily taken offline.

British Library cyberattack
In October 2023, Rhysida, a hacker group, attacked the online information systems of the British Library. They demanded a ransom of 20 bitcoin, at the time around £596,000, to restore services and return the stolen data. When the British Library did not acquiesce to the demands, Rhysida publicly released approximately 600GB of leaked material online. Services at the library were severely disrupted for months. It has been described as "one of the worst cyber incidents in British history".

The main catalogue returned online on 15 January 2024 in a read-only format, although some of the library's services are expected to remain unavailable for months. The British Library will use about 40 percent of its financial reserves, around £6–7 million, to recover from the attack.
Ulster Canal
The Ulster Canal is a canal running through part of County Armagh, County Tyrone and County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland and County Monaghan in the Republic of Ireland. The Ulster Canal was built between 1825 and 1842 and was 74 km (46 mi) long with 26 locks. It ran from Charlemont on the River Blackwater to near Wattlebridge on the Finn River, south-east of Upper Lough Erne. It was an ill-considered venture, with the locks built narrower than the other Irish waterways, preventing through trade, and an inadequate water supply. It was an abject failure commercially, and contributed to the collapse of the Lagan Navigation Company, who took it over from the government but were then refused permission to abandon it when they could not afford the maintenance costs. It finally closed in 1931. Waterways Ireland started work on rebuilding the canal at its southern end in 2015.

Lough Erne
Lough Erne  (/lɒx ɜːrn/ LOKH URN, from Irish Loch Éirne) is two connected lakes in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is the second-largest lake system in Northern Ireland and Ulster, and the fourth largest in Ireland. The lakes are widened sections of the River Erne, which flows north and then curves west into the Atlantic. The smaller southern lake is called the Upper Lough as it is higher up the river. The larger northern lake is called the Lower Lough or Broad Lough. The town of Enniskillen lies on the short stretch of river between the lakes. The lake has more than 150 islands, along with many coves and inlets. The River Erne is 80 miles (129 km) long and drains an area of about 1,680 square miles (4,350 km2).
Concordancia (Argentina)
The Concordancia was a political alliance in Argentina. Three presidents belonging to it, Agustín P. Justo, Roberto Ortiz, and Ramón Castillo were in power from 1931 to 1943, a period known in Argentina as the "Infamous Decade".

Roberto Marcelino Ortiz
Jaime Gerardo Roberto Marcelino María Ortiz (24 September 1886 – 15 July 1942) was President of Argentina from 1938 until his resignation in 1942. He became president in 1938 following the 1937 presidential election, described as being among the most fraudulent in Argentine history. His main management objective was to end fraud. The attempt to normalize the institutions confronted him with his vice president, Ramón Castillo, leader of the conservative sectors of the government coalition. The president and vice president belonged to different political groupings. Ortiz was a radical antipersonnel and Castillo was a conservative in the National Democratic Party. Both were part of the formula of Concordancia, a coalition that had ruled since 1932.
Jules Favre (naturalist)
Jules Favre (6 November 1882, Le Locle – 22 January 1959, Geneva) was a Swiss zoologist, mycologist and geologist. He was curator at the Natural History Museum of Geneva from 1915 to 1952.

He studied natural sciences at the Neuchâtel Academy, and in 1907, started work as an assistant at the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle in Geneva, where he eventually became a curator of geology and paleontology. In 1952 he received an honorary degree from the University of Neuchâtel.

Natural History Museum of Geneva
The Natural History Museum of Geneva (in French: Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève) is a natural history museum in Geneva, Switzerland.

Louis Jurine’s collections of Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Hemiptera are held by the museum.

Other displays include a collection of intricate glass models of invertebrates by Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka and a living specimen of a two headed tortoise named Janus. The tortoise is considered the mascot of the museum and is one of their main attractions.
Natálie Taschlerová
Natálie Taschlerová (born 9 December 2001) is a Czech ice dancer. With her brother and skating partner, Filip Taschler, she is a seven-time Challenger Series medalist (including two gold) and three-time Czech national champion (2022–23, 2025). They represented the Czech Republic at the 2022 and 2026 Winter Olympics.

On the junior level, she is a three-time Czech national junior champion (2018-20), the 2019 JGP USA bronze medalist, and has competed in the final segment at three World Junior Championships, their highest placement being fourteenth in 2019.

Kateřina Mrázková
Kateřina Mrázková (born August 25, 2006) is a Czech ice dancer. With her brother and skating partner, Daniel Mrázek, she competed at the 2026 Winter Olympics, is a two-time Czech national champion (2024, 2026), the 2025 CS Lombardia Trophy silver medalist, and the 2025 CS Golden Spin of Zagreb bronze medalist.

On the junior level, she is the 2023 World Junior champion, the 2022–23 Junior Grand Prix Final bronze medalist, and a two-time ISU Junior Grand Prix gold medalist. She holds the junior world record for the rhythm dance and combined total.