hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Department of Chemistry, University of York
The Department of Chemistry at the University of York opened in 1965 with Sir Richard Norman being the founding Head of Department. The department has since grown to over 900 students and provides both undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Chemistry and other related fields, with the current Head of department being Dr Derek Wann.

Department of Biology, University of York
The Department of Biology at the University of York opened in 1965 and moved to its current site near Wentworth College in 1968. The department provides both undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Biology and other related fields of science to over 1000 students and has been rated consistently ranked in the top 10 university biology departments in the UK. The department is involved in interdisciplinary teaching with other departments of the university, including the chemistry department, which together co-teach biochemistry courses.
Olivares, Spain
Olivares is a city located in the Province of Seville, Spain. According to the 2016 census (INE), the city has a population of 9480 inhabitants. It is located in the Aljarafe, the comarca downstream of the Guadalquivir and west of Seville. It borders Albaida to the west, Gerena to the north, Salteras to the east, and Sanlúcar la Mayor and Villanueva del Ariscal to the south. After the establishment of the House of Olivares, it grew in size and influence, becoming an important urban center in the Aljarafe.

House of Olivares
The House of Olivares is a Spanish noble house originating in the Crown of Castile.  It is a cadet branch of the House of Medina Sidonia, originating in the sixteenth century.

Historically, the house possessed the lordships of Olivares, Seville; Heliche; Albaida del Aljarafe; Camas, Seville; Castilleja de Guzmán; Castilleja de la Cuesta; Salteras; and Tomares.  The most prominent member of the House of Olivares was Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares, the favourite of Philip IV of Spain.
Hamzah Zainudin
Hamzah bin Zainudin (Jawi: حمزة بن زين الدين; born 12 March 1957) is a Malaysian politician who has served as the 17th Leader of the Opposition since December 2022 and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Larut since March 2008. He is currently an independent politician and was a member and the 3rd Deputy President of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component party of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition, where he is served as one of its Deputy Chairmen, until his removal from the party in February 2026.

Malaysian United Indigenous Party
The Malaysian United Indigenous Party (Malay: Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia; abbrev: BERSATU or PPBM) is a nationalist political party in Malaysia. The party was preceded by the United Indigenous Association of Malaysia (Malay: Persatuan Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia) and founded by members of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) rebel group Gabungan Ketua Cawangan Malaysia. It is a major component of the Perikatan Nasional coalition.

Full membership in the party is limited only for Bumiputeras (indigenous communities of Malaysia). Non-Bumiputeras are permitted to join the party as associate members who are not eligible to vote and contest party elections.
David Kirby (cricketer)
David Kirby (18 January 1939 – 7 October 2021) was an English cricketer who had a short but intensive career in first-class cricket for Cambridge University and Leicestershire between 1959 and 1964 and was captain of both. After his cricket career, he taught at his former school, St Peter's School, York.

St Peter's School, York
St Peter's School is a co-educational private boarding and day school (also referred to as a public school), in the English city of York, with extensive grounds on the banks of the River Ouse. Founded by St Paulinus of York in AD 627, it is considered to be the third-oldest school in the world, although some historians take a more skeptical view. It is part of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference and York Boarding Schools Group.

The school accepts pupils aged two to eighteen.
Hone Harawira
Hone Pani Tamati Waka Nene Harawira is a New Zealand Māori activist and former parliamentarian. He was elected to parliament as the member for the Māori electorate of Te Tai Tokerau in 2005 as the Māori Party candidate.

In 2011, following a rift with party colleagues, Harawira resigned from the Māori Party. He subsequently announced the formation of the Mana Party, and then resigned from parliament to trigger the Te Tai Tokerau by-election, which he won as leader of the new party. Mana, now the Mana Movement, campaigned alongside the Internet Party in the 2014 general election, but failed to return Harawira or the party to parliament. He also stood unsuccessfully in 2017.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Harawira led community efforts to roadblock parts of the Far North District in 2020 and 2021.

2011 Te Tai Tokerau by-election
The 2011 Te Tai Tokerau by-election was a by-election in the New Zealand electorate of Te Tai Tokerau that was caused by Hone Harawira's resignation from the seat. Prior to resigning his seat, Harawira had resigned from the Māori Party and formed his own Mana Party.

In May 2011 Harawira resigned from parliament, and a by-election was announced for 25 June. Harawira held his seat in the election, and won it again five months later in the 2011 general election. Harawira's decision to force a by-election so close to the general election incited criticism.
Carl Pohlad
Carl Ray Pohlad (August 23, 1915 – January 5, 2009) was an American financier from Minnesota. Pohlad is best known as the owner of the Minnesota Twins baseball franchise from 1984 (succeeding Calvin Griffith) until his death in 2009.

In 2009, Pohlad had an estimated net worth of $3.6 billion, placing him 102nd on the annual Forbes 400 list of the wealthiest Americans.

Calvin Griffith
Calvin Robertson Griffith (December 1, 1911 – October 20, 1999), born Calvin Griffith Robertson, was a Canadian-born American Major League Baseball team owner. As president, majority owner and de facto general manager of the Washington Senators/Minnesota Twins franchise of the American League from 1955 through 1984, he orchestrated the transfer of the Senators after 60 years in Washington, D.C., to Minneapolis–Saint Paul in the autumn of 1960 to create the Twins. He was famous for his devotion to the game and for his sayings. He was the last MLB owner who had no income apart from his franchise.

On June 19, 2020, the Minnesota Twins removed his statue from Target Field regarding what the Twins called "racist comments he made in Waseca in 1978", admitting a racial motivation to moving the Senators from Washington D.C.
Change step
The closed change is a Pre-Bronze, or newcomer waltz figure, performed in closed position.
Changes may start of the right foot or left foot, moving forward or backward.  This makes four different types of closed changes. Combining two changes results in a box step.
In right changes the man starts from the right foot, while in left ones the man starts from the left foot.

The figures are called "changes" because they allow dancers to change from natural turn to reverse turn (i.e., right (clockwise) to left (counter-clockwise) turn) and vice versa. For example, a basic practising variation in waltz goes as follows:

Dance 1–6 steps of natural turn,

then 1–3 steps of closed change from natural to reverse,

then 1–6 steps of reverse turn,

then 1–3 steps of closed change from reverse to natural,

repeat until the music stops or partner drops.

Other change steps include the hesitation change and the outside change, described below.

International standard waltz
Waltz is one of the five dances in the Standard (or Modern) category of the International Style ballroom dances. It was previously referred to as slow waltz or English waltz.

Waltz is usually the first dance in the dancesport competition rounds.  It is danced exclusively in the closed position, unlike its American Style counterpart.
EbXML
Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language, commonly known as e-business XML, or ebXML (pronounced ee-bee-ex-em-el) as it is typically referred to, is a family of XML based standards sponsored by OASIS and UN/CEFACT whose mission is to provide an open, XML-based infrastructure that enables the global use of electronic business information in an interoperable, secure, and consistent manner by all trading partners.

The ebXML architecture is a unique set of concepts; part theoretical and part implemented in the existing ebXML standards work.

The ebXML work stemmed from earlier work on ooEDI (object oriented EDI), UML / UMM, XML markup technologies and the X12 EDI "Future Vision" work sponsored by ANSI X12 EDI.

The melding of these components began in the original ebXML work and the theoretical discussion continues today.  Other work relates, such as the Object Management Group work and the OASIS BCM (Business-Centric Methodology) standard (2006).

OASIS Open
The Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS; /oʊˈeɪ.sɪs/), also known as OASIS Open, is an industry consortium that develops technical standards for information technology.
Villaz, Switzerland
Villaz (Arpitan: Vela or Velâ [ˈvəla]) is a municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020 the former municipalities of Villaz-Saint-Pierre and La Folliaz merged to form the new municipality of Villaz.

La Folliaz
La Folliaz (Arpitan: La Folyê) is a former municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It was formed on January 1, 2005, from the union of the former municipalities of Lussy and Villarimboud. On 1 January 2020 the former municipalities La Folliaz and Villaz-Saint-Pierre merged to form the new municipality of Villaz.
Mancherial district
Mancherial district is a district located in the northern region of the Indian state of Telangana. The district comprises 18 mandals and three revenue divisions – Mancherial, Chennur and Bellampalli. Mancherial is the district headquarters. It is surrounded by Komaram Bheem, Nirmal, Jagtial, Peddapalli and Bhupalpally districts of Telangana and with Maharashtra state.

Peddapalli district
Pedapalli district is a district located in the northern region of the Indian state of Telangana. Its administrative headquarters is at Peddapalli and Commissionerate is at Ramagundam. The district shares boundaries with Mancherial, Karimnagar, Jagtial and Jayashankar Bhupalpally districts. This district covers Ramagundam city which is situated in the Godavari valley coalfields and has one of the India's largest thermal power stations in south region under NTPC. Mostly industries are connected with Godavarikhani - NTPC - Ramagundam.
Josef Breuer
Josef Breuer (/ˈbrɔɪər/ BROY-ur; Austrian German: [ˈbrɔʏɐ]; 15 January 1842 – 20 June 1925) was an Austrian physician who made discoveries in neurophysiology, and whose work during the 1880s with his patient Bertha Pappenheim, known as Anna O., led to the development of the "cathartic method" (also referred to as the "talking cure") for psychiatric disorders. The method was a major initiatory factor for psychoanalysis, as developed by Breuer's friend and collaborator Sigmund Freud.

Bertha Pappenheim
Bertha Pappenheim (27 February 1859 – 28 May 1936) was an Austrian-Jewish feminist, a social worker pioneer, and the founder of the Jewish Women's Association (Jüdischer Frauenbund). Under the pseudonym Anna O., she was also one of Josef Breuer's best-documented patients because of Sigmund Freud's writings on Breuer's treatment of her.
Bodyguard
A bodyguard (or close protection officer/operative) is a type of security guard, government law enforcement officer, or servicemember who protects an important person or group of people, such as high-ranking public officials, wealthy businesspeople, and celebrities, from harm. The personnel team that protects a VIP is often referred to as the VIP's security detail.

Most important public figures, such as heads of state, heads of government, and governors are protected by a team of bodyguards from a government agency, security forces, or police forces. Less-important public figures, or those with lower risk profiles, may be accompanied by a single bodyguard who doubles as a driver.
Bodyguards have existed since ancient civilizations, with notable examples including the Roman Praetorian Guard, Persian Immortals, and the Janissaries of the Ottoman Empire. These roles have evolved into modern executive protection professionals, equipped with advanced technologies and training.

Security detail
A security detail, often known as a PSD (protective services detail, personal security detachment, personal security detail) or PPD (personal protection detail), is a protective team assigned to protect the personal security of an individual or group. PSDs can consist of multiple federal and state government organisations, military personnel, law enforcement agents and/or private security contractors or private military contractors.
Watford Junction railway station
Watford Junction is a railway station serving the town of Watford in Hertfordshire, England. The station is on the West Coast Main Line (WCML), 17 miles 34 chains (28 km) from London Euston and the Abbey Line, a branch line to St Albans. It is also the northern terminus of the Lioness line of the London Overground, which operates via the Watford DC line into central London.

Journeys into London take between 16 and 52 minutes, depending on the service. Trains also run to Clapham Junction and East Croydon, via the West London line. The station is a major hub for local bus services and the connecting station for buses to Warner Bros. Studio Tour London – The Making of Harry Potter. The station is located north of a viaduct over the Colne Valley and immediately south of Watford Tunnel.

Abbey Line
The Abbey Line, also known as the St Albans Abbey branch line, is a railway line from Watford Junction to St Albans Abbey. The 6+1⁄2-mile (10.5 km) route passes through town and countryside in the county of Hertfordshire, just outside the boundaries of the Oyster Card and London fare zones. Its northern terminus, St Albans Abbey, is located in the south of the city, around 3⁄4 mile (1.2 km) away from the larger St Albans City station on the Midland Main Line. It is a semi-rural line and, due to its single-track operation, service frequencies are limited. The service is sometimes referred to locally as the Abbey Flyer.
Friesian horse
The Friesian (Fries paard in Dutch; Frysk hynder in West Frisian) is a horse breed originating in the province of Friesland in the northern Netherlands. The breed nearly became extinct on more than one occasion. It is classified as a light draught horse, and the modern day Friesian horse is used for riding and driving. The Friesian horse is most known for its all-black coat colour, its long flowing mane and tail, feathering on its legs, a high head carriage, and high stepping action.

Black horse
Black is a hair coat color of horses in which the entire hair coat is black. It is not uncommon to mistake dark chestnuts or bays for black.

Black horses have dark brown eyes, black skin, and wholly black hair coats without any areas of permanently reddish or brownish hair. They may have pink skin beneath any  white markings under the areas of white hair, and if such white markings include one or both eyes, the eyes may be blue. Many black horses "sun bleach" with exposure to the elements and sweat, and therefore their coats may lose some of their rich black character and may even resemble bay or seal brown, though examination of the color of hair around the eyes, muzzle and genitals will determine color.

Some breeds of horses, such as the Friesian horse, Murgese and Ariegeois (or Merens), are almost exclusively black. Black is also common in the Fell pony, Dales pony, Ostfriesen and Alt-Oldenburger, Kladruber, and Groningen.
Naga Munchetty
Subha Nagalakshmi Munchetty-Chendriah (born 25 February 1975), known professionally as Naga Munchetty, is a British television presenter, newsreader and journalist. She is a regular presenter on BBC Breakfast, and hosts an 11am–2pm programme from Monday to Wednesday on BBC Radio 5 Live, including "Must Watch with Scott Bryan and Hayley Campbell" on Mondays.. She is also a former presenter of BBC World News and BBC Two's weekday financial affairs programme Working Lunch.

BBC Breakfast
BBC Breakfast is a British television breakfast news programme, produced by BBC News and broadcast on BBC One every morning from 6:00am. It is also broadcast on the UK feed of BBC News channel on weekends. The simulcast is presented live, originally from the BBC Television Centre, London before moving in 2012 to MediaCityUK in Salford, Greater Manchester. The programme is broadcast daily and contains a mixture of news, sport, weather, business and feature items. When BBC Breakfast is  not broadcast on BBC One, it is transmitted via BBC Two.
Main Street Bridge (Califon, New Jersey)
The Main Street Bridge, historically known as the Califon Bridge, is a Pratt thru truss bridge that carries Main Street (County Route 512) over the South Branch Raritan River in Califon, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 14, 1976, as part of the Califon Historic District.

Califon, New Jersey
Califon is a borough in Hunterdon County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 1,005, a decrease of 71 (−6.6%) from the 2010 census count of 1,076, which in turn reflected an increase of 21 (+2.0%) from the 1,055 counted in the 2000 census.

The borough's name is said to have been inspired by the California gold rush of 1849. The name was shortened to Califon, supposedly because the longer name could not be fit on signs at the train station.
Ministry of Home Affairs (India)
The Ministry of Home Affairs (IAST: Gṛha Mantrālaya) is a ministry of the Government of India. It is mainly responsible for the maintenance of internal security and domestic policy. It is headed by the minister of home affairs.

The Ministry of Home Affairs is also the Cadre Controlling Authority for the Indian Police Service (IPS), DANIPS, DANICS and Central Secretariat Official Language Service (CSOLS).

DANIPS
The Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli (Police) Services, abbreviated as DANIPS, formerly called the Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Police Service, is the police service of the Union Territories of India. It is part of the Central Civil Services (CCS).

Candidates are recruited directly through the Civil Services Examination. The selected Group B officers are responsible for the law and order and policing functions of Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, and Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. They form a feeder cadre of the Indian Police Service.
Alnwick RFC
Alnwick RFC is an amateur rugby union club based in the town of Alnwick, Northumberland in north-east England. The club play in Regional 1 North East, a level five league in the English rugby union system and are the most northerly rugby union club in English league rugby, (Berwick RFC play in the Scottish rugby union system). Alnwick regularly field three senior sides, all of which play competitive league and cup rugby. The club also has a junior section running teams from under 7's through to under 18's and a girls section.

Alnwick
Alnwick (/ˈænɪk/ ⓘ AN-ik) is a market town in Northumberland, England, of which it is the traditional county town. The population at the 2021 Census was 8,430.

The town is 32 miles (51 km) south of Berwick-upon-Tweed and the Scottish border, 5 miles (8 km) inland from the North Sea at Alnmouth and 34 miles (55 km) north of Newcastle upon Tyne; it is sited on the south bank of the River Aln.

The town dates to about AD 600 and thrived as an agricultural centre. Alnwick Castle was the home of the most powerful medieval northern baronial family, the Earls of Northumberland. It was a staging post on the Great North Road between Edinburgh and London.
Dimitar Penev
Dimitar Dushkov Penev (Bulgarian: Димитър Душков Пенев, 12 July 1945 – 3 January 2026) was a Bulgarian football player and coach who played as a central defender for CSKA Sofia. He was regarded as one of his country's best ever defenders, winning Bulgarian Footballer of the Year in 1967 and 1971. He played 90 games for the Bulgaria national team and scored two goals, participating in three FIFA World cups for his national team in 1966, 1970 and 1974. He was Honorary President of CSKA Sofia and semi-professional side Nottingham United FC.

Bulgaria national football team
The Bulgaria national football team (Bulgarian: Български национален отбор по футбол, romanized: Bǎlgarski natsionalen otbor po futbol) represents Bulgaria in men's international football, and is administered by the Bulgarian Football Union, a member association of UEFA.

Bulgaria's best achievements are reaching the final at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the fourth-place finish at the FIFA World Cup in 1994. Bulgaria have competed at a total of seven World Cups, debuting in 1962 and last appearing in 1998. In addition, they have participated in two European Championships, in 1996 and 2004, the latter marking their most recent major tournament appearance. The team has also competed at and won three titles in the Balkan Cup.
Albert Gubay
Albert Gubay KC*SG (9 April 1928 – 5 January 2016) was a Welsh businessman and philanthropist, who made his fortune with the Kwik Save retail chain, building it further on investments, mainly in property development. According to Forbes, in 2006 Gubay had an estimated fortune of approximately £500 million ($1.1 billion), making him the 698th richest person in the world.

Order of St. Gregory the Great
The Pontifical Equestrian Order of St. Gregory the Great (Latin: Ordo Sancti Gregorii Magni; Italian: Ordine di San Gregorio Magno) was established on 1 September 1831, by Pope Gregory XVI, seven months after his election as Pope.

The order is one of the five orders of knighthood of the Holy See. The honor is bestowed upon Catholic men and women (and certain notable non-Catholics) in recognition of their personal service to the Holy See and to the Catholic Church, through their unusual labors, their support of the Holy See, and the examples they set in their communities and their countries.
Tel Qashish
Tel Qashish, also spelled Tel Kashish (Hebrew: תל קשיש) or Tell el-Qassis in Arabic, is a tell (ancient mound) located in the northwestern Jezreel Valley, on the north bank of the Kishon River. The ancient settlement at Tel Qashish is believed to have been a satellite of the nearby city of Yokneam, which is situated about 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) to the south.

Archaeologist Yohanan Aharoni proposed that the site corresponds to "Helkath," one of the 119 cities conquered by Pharaoh Thutmose III. However, other scholars suggest it may be identified with "Dabeshet," mentioned in the Book of Joshua. Adjacent to the mound is Ein Qashish, a spring with evidence of prehistoric human activity dating back to the Middle Palaeolithic period.

Jezreel Valley
The Jezreel Valley (Biblical Hebrew: עמק יזרעאל, romanized: ʿĒmeq Yizrəʿēl, LXX Koine Ιεζραελ), or Marj ibn Amir (Arabic: مرج ابن عامر, romanized: Marj ibn ʿĀmir, lit. 'Meadow of ibn Amir') is a large fertile plain and inland valley in the Northern District of Israel. It is bordered to the north by the highlands of the Lower Galilee, to the south by the highlands of Samaria, to the west and northwest by the Mount Carmel range, and to the east by the Jordan Valley, with Mount Gilboa marking its southern extent. The largest settlement in the valley is the city of Afula, which lies near its center.