hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
École nationale supérieure de l'énergie, l'eau et l'environnement
The École nationale supérieure de l'énergie, l'eau et l'environnement (Grenoble INP - Ense3, UGA) (Graduate School of sustainable engineering for Energy, Water and Environment) is one of the engineering schools of the Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble. As a grande école, students are admitted through a nationwide competitive examination. It was formed by the merger of the École nationale supérieure d'hydraulique et de mécanique de Grenoble (ENSHM)  (National Superior School of Hydraulics and Mechanics of Grenoble) and the École nationale supérieure d'ingénieurs électriciens de Grenoble (ENSIEG) (National Superior School of Electrical Engineers of Grenoble).

Grenoble Institute of Technology
The Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP) (Institut polytechnique de Grenoble [ɛ̃stity pɔlitɛknik də ɡʁənɔbl], Groupe Grenoble INP and before INPG) is a French technological university system consisting of eight engineering and management schools.

Grenoble INP also has a two-year preparatory class program, an adult education department, as well as 21 laboratories and a graduate school in Engineering Sciences. More than 1,100 engineers graduate every year from Grenoble INP, making it France's biggest grande école.

Most of Grenoble INP is located in Grenoble, except for the ESISAR which is located in Valence.
Filariasis
Filariasis is a filarial infection caused by parasitic nematodes (roundworms) spread by different vectors. They are included in the list of neglected tropical diseases.

The most common type is lymphatic filariasis caused by three species of Filaria that are spread by mosquitoes. Other types of filariasis are onchocerciasis also known as river blindness caused by Onchocerca volvulus; Loa loa filariasis (Loiasis) caused by Loa loa; Mansonelliasis caused by three species of Mansonella, and  Dirofilariasis caused by two types of Dirofilaria. All of these worms belong to the superfamily Filarioidea.

Loa loa filariasis
Loa loa filariasis or loiasis is a skin and eye disease caused by the nematode worm Loa loa. Humans contract this disease through the bite of a deer fly or mango fly (Chrysops spp.), the vectors for Loa loa. The adult Loa loa filarial worm can reach from three to seven centimetres long and migrates throughout the subcutaneous tissues of humans, occasionally crossing into subconjunctival tissues of the eye where it can be easily observed. Loa loa does not normally affect vision but can be painful when moving about the eyeball or across the bridge of the nose. Loiasis can cause red itchy swellings below the skin called "Calabar swellings". The disease is treated with the drug diethylcarbamazine (DEC), and when appropriate, surgical methods may be employed to remove adult worms from the conjunctiva. Loiasis belongs to the group of neglected tropical diseases, and there is a call for it to be included in the high-priority listing.
LIC Housing Finance
LIC Housing Finance Limited (LIC HFL) is the largest Housing Finance Company in India, with a registered corporate office in Mumbai. It is a deposit taking housing finance company, and it is a subsidiary of LIC, mainly providing long-term financing to people who purchase or construct residential houses or flats. It also finances the repair and renovation of existing residences and gives loans to businesses to purchase or construct clinics, nursing homes, diagnostic centres, office space or equipment.

Life Insurance Corporation
The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) is an Indian public sector life insurance company headquartered in Mumbai. It is India's largest insurance company and its largest institutional investor with total assets under management worth ₹54.52 lakh crore (US$640 billion) as of March 2025. It is under the ownership of Government of India and administrative control of the Ministry of Finance.

The Life Insurance Corporation of India was established on 1 September 1956, when the Parliament of India passed the Life Insurance of India Act, nationalising the insurance industry in India. Over 245 insurance companies and provident societies were merged.

LIC reported 290 million policyholders as of 2019, a total life fund of ₹28.3 lakh crore (US$401.87 billion). The company also reported having settled 26 million claims in 2018–19. It ranked 98th on the 2022 Fortune Global 500 list with a revenue of ₹775,283 crore (US$98.63 billion) and a profit of ₹4,415 crore (US$561.67 million).
Jack Enrile
Juan Castañer Ponce Enrile Jr. (born July 16, 1958), also known as Jack Enrile or JPEJ, is a Filipino politician. He was a representative of the 1st District of Cagayan in the 11th, 12th, 13th and 15th Congresses. He is the only son and namesake of former Senate President Juan Ponce Enrile of Cagayan and the former ambassador to the Holy See, Cristina Castañer García of Manila. He is married to former Cagayan Province Congresswoman Salvacion "Sally" Santiago.

Sally Ponce Enrile
Salvacion "Sally" Ponce-Enrile (née Santiago; born March 12, 1970) is a Filipino politician and wife of former Congressman Jack Enrile of the 1st District of Cagayan. She held the same position in the 14th and 16th Congress. She is Founder & Co-chairperson of an investment firm with a focus on financial technology startups.

She is also an artist and is currently represented by several galleries in Europe and New York.
Greek junta
The Greek junta or Regime of the Colonels was a right-wing military junta that ruled Greece from 1967 to 1974. On 21 April 1967, a group of colonels overthrew a caretaker government a month before scheduled elections which Georgios Papandreou's Centre Union was favoured to win.

The dictatorship was characterised by policies such as anti-communism, restrictions on civil liberties, and the imprisonment, torture, and exile of political opponents. It was ruled by Georgios Papadopoulos from 1967 to 1973, but an attempt to renew popular support in a 1973 referendum on the monarchy and gradual democratisation by Papadopoulos was ended by another coup by the hardliner Dimitrios Ioannidis. Ioannidis ruled until it fell on 24 July 1974 under the pressure of the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, leading to the Metapolitefsi ("regime change"; Greek: Μεταπολίτευση) to democracy and the establishment of the Third Hellenic Republic.

1973 Greek republic referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Greece on 29 July 1973. The amendments would confirm the abolition (on 1 June) of the monarchy by the military junta and establish a republic. The proposal was approved by 78.6% of voters with a turnout of 75%.
Lark Street
Lark Street is a historic street in Albany, New York, US. It is part of the Arbor Hill, Sheridan Hollow, Center Square, Park South and Hudson/Park neighborhoods, and is located one block east of Washington Park. Lark Street is the site of many independently owned shops, coffee houses, restaurants, art galleries, antique shops, marketing agencies, bars and tattoo shops. Although the part between Madison Avenue and Washington Avenue was rebuilt in 2002-2003 to place new roadways, trees and sidewalks in front of the new shops in the active portion of Lark Street, some local residents have protested against the neglect of the northern end of the street (crossing north of Washington Avenue), which runs down into the less-affluent Arbor Hill neighborhood. Lark Street and Jay Street was used as a location during the filming of Ironweed. The Washington Avenue Armory is located at the corner of Lark Street and Washington Avenue.

Streets of Albany, New York
The streets of Albany, New York, have had a long history going back almost 400 years. Many of the streets have changed names over the course of time, some have changed names many times. Some streets no longer exist, others have changed course. Some roads existed only on paper. The oldest streets were haphazardly laid out with no overall plan until Simeon De Witt's 1794 street grid plan. The plan had two grids, one west of Eagle Street and the old stockade, and another for the Pastures District south of the old stockade.
Anatolian Baghdad Railways
The Chemins de fer d'Anatolie Baghdad (Turkish: Anadolu-Bağdat Demiryolları Müdüriyet-i Umumiyesi, English: Anatolian Baghdad Railway) was the first national railway company of the Republic of Turkey. It was formed on 3 March 1924 by the Turkish Government to operate and later buy up stocks of the Ottoman Anatolian Railway as well as the Konya-Pozantı section of the former Baghdad Railway. In 1927, the CFAB merged with the Eastern Railway and the Railway Construction and Management Administration to form the State Railways and Seaports Administration, which is the direct predecessor of the Turkish State Railways.

Chemins de fer Ottomans d'Anatolie
The Chemins de Fer Ottomans d'Anatolie (Turkish: Osmanlı Anadolu Demiryolları, English: Anatolian Railway), founded on 4 October 1888, was a railway company that operated in the Ottoman Empire. The company was headquartered in Istanbul.

The CFOA was the busiest railway in the Ottoman Empire and was one of the two railways operating into Istanbul, along with the Chemins de fer Orientaux. The Baghdad Railway (Istanbul-Aleppo-Baghdad) connected with the CFOA at Konya to allow rail transport from Istanbul to the Middle East, although the Baghdad railway was not completed until 1940. The CFOA serviced major cities such as Istanbul, İzmit, Adapazarı, Bilecik, Eskişehir, Ankara, Kütahya and Konya. The railway also operated the Port of Haydarpaşa and the Port of Derince.

The railway was a wholly owned subsidiary of the Société du Chemin de fer Ottoman d'Anatolie, created on 8 October 1888 by the Deutsche Bank to operate the railway.
Ford Escort (Europe)
The Ford Escort is a small family car that was manufactured by Ford of Europe from 1968 until 2004. In total, the six generations were spread across three basic platforms: the original, rear-wheel-drive Mk.1/Mk.2 (1968–1980), the "Erika" front-wheel-drive Mk.3/Mk.4 (1980–1992), and the final CE-14 Mk.5/Mk.6 (1990–2002) version. Its successor, the Ford Focus, was released in 1998, but the final generation of Escort was phased out gradually, with the panel van version ending production in 2002 in favour of the Ford Transit Connect.

The Escort was frequently the best-selling car in Britain during the 1980s and 1990s. More than 4.1 million Escorts of all generations were sold there over a period of 33 years.

In 2014, Ford revived the Escort name for a car based on the second-generation Ford Focus, sold on the Chinese market.

Ford Focus
The Ford Focus is a compact car (C-segment in Europe) manufactured by the Ford Motor Company from 1998 until 2025. It was created under Alexander Trotman's Ford 2000 plan, which aimed to globalize model development and sell one compact vehicle worldwide. The original Focus was primarily designed by Ford of Europe's German and British teams. Production of the fourth generation Focus began in 2018 in Germany and China. In 2025, Ford announced that the Focus will no longer be built, in line with an announcement made in 2022.
Vampire bat
Vampire bats, members of the subfamily Desmodontinae, are leaf-nosed bats currently found in Central and South America. Their food source is the blood of other animals, a dietary trait called hematophagy. Three extant bat species feed solely on blood: the common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus), the hairy-legged vampire bat (Diphylla ecaudata), and the white-winged vampire bat (Diaemus youngi). Two extinct species of the genus Desmodus have been found in North America.

White-winged vampire bat
The white-winged vampire bat (Diaemus youngi), a species of vampire bat, is the only member of the genus Diaemus. They are found from Mexico to northern Argentina and are present on the islands of Trinidad and Margarita Island.
Pinocchio's Daring Journey
Pinocchio's Daring Journey is a dark ride at Tokyo Disneyland, Disneyland, and Disneyland Park (Paris). Located in the Fantasyland section of each park, this ride is based on Disney's 1940 animated film version of the classic story, which was the studio's second animated feature film. The attraction tells an abbreviated version of the film, with Pinocchio escaping from Stromboli's puppet show and visiting Pleasure Island, ignoring Jiminy Cricket's advice. Monstro the whale makes an appearance, and Pinocchio is finally reunited with Geppetto and turned into a real boy.

The attraction was built in 1983, as part of Disneyland's "New Fantasyland" expansion.

Fantasyland
Fantasyland is one of the "themed lands" at all of the Disneyland-style parks run by The Walt Disney Company around the world. It is themed after Disney's animated fairy tale feature films. Each Fantasyland has a castle, as well as several gentle rides themed after those Disney animated feature films.
Carkeek Park
Carkeek Park is a 216-acre  park (87 ha) in the Broadview neighborhood of Seattle, Washington, United States. The park offers various attractions, including Piper Orchard, Pipers Creek with its tributaries, Venema Creek and Mohlendorph Creek, as well as picnic areas, shelters, and hiking trails.

Carkeek Park features diverse habitats—saltwater, riparian, wetland, upland forest, and meadow—that support a wide range of wildlife. Visitors can explore a six-mile trail network leading to a beach, playground, and a salmon imprinting pond, with scenic views of the Olympic Mountains and Puget Sound. The trails also pass by Demonstration Gardens and remnants of the park's original fir, hemlock, and cedar forests.

A pedestrian bridge over the BNSF Railway connects to the park's sand beach on Puget Sound. The Carkeek Park Environmental Learning Center hosts many of the park's educational programs.

Piper Orchard
Piper Orchard, the oldest public orchard in Seattle, is located in Carkeek Park and features primarily heirloom apple trees. It was established in the late 19th century by A. W. Piper, a local confectioner and member of the Seattle City Council, following the Great Seattle Fire of 1889. The orchard was a key part of the Piper family's homestead, which was maintained into the early 20th century. After being largely forgotten, the orchard was rediscovered in the 1980s, leading to restoration efforts. Today, the orchard is maintained by volunteers and Seattle Parks staff and is the site of community events, including an annual Festival of Fruit.
Afanasy Shchapov
Afanasiy Prokopievich Shchapov (Russian: Афанасий Прокофьевич Щапов) (5 October [N.S. 17 October] 1830 – February 27 [ N.S.10 March] 1876) was a Russian historian accused of "Siberian nationalism" and persecuted by tsarist authorities.

Siberian regionalism
Siberian regionalism (Russian: Сибирское областничество, romanized: Sibirskoye oblastnichestvo, lit. 'Siberian oblast movement') was a political movement that advocated for the formation of an autonomous Siberian state in North Asia. The idea originated in the mid-19th century and reached a high tide with the White movement military activities of Aleksandr Kolchak (1874–1920) and Viktor Pepelyayev (1885–1920) during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922.

Those who support Siberian regionalism can be called both Siberian Regionalists, Oblastniks, or Oblastniki.
Sweyn III of Denmark
Sweyn III Grathe (Danish: Svend III Grathe; c. 1125 – 23 October 1157) was the king of Denmark between 1146 and 1157, in shifting alliances with Canute V and his own cousin Valdemar I. In 1157, the three agreed to a tripartition of Denmark. Sweyn attempted to kill his rivals at the peace banquet, and was subsequently defeated by Valdemar I at the Battle of Grathe Heath and killed.

Valdemar I of Denmark
Valdemar I Knudsen (14 January 1131 – 12 May 1182), also known as Valdemar the Great (Danish: Valdemar den Store), was King of Denmark from 1154 until his death in 1182. The reign of King Valdemar I saw the rise of Denmark, which reached its medieval zenith under his son King Valdemar II.
Port Washington, New York
Port Washington is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) on the Cow Neck Peninsula in the Town of North Hempstead, in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The hamlet is the anchor community of the Greater Port Washington area. The population was 16,753 at the time of the 2020 census.

North Hempstead, New York
North Hempstead (officially known as the Town of North Hempstead) is one of three towns in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 237,639 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the 7th most populous city or town in New York.
WSAU-FM
WSAU-FM (99.9 MHz) is a radio station  broadcasting a conservative news/talk format, simulcasting WSAU in Wausau. Licensed to Rudolph, Wisconsin, United States, the station serves the Stevens Point-Wisconsin Rapids area.  The station is currently owned by Midwest Communications. WSAU derives a large amount of its programming from nationally syndicated conservative talk radio shows, and also broadcasts sports, such as from the Packers Radio Network.

WSAU (AM)
WSAU (550 kHz) is an AM radio station broadcasting a conservative talk radio format.  It is licensed to Wausau, Wisconsin, and is simulcast on WSAU-FM at 99.9 MHz in Stevens Point (licensed to Rudolph) and on FM translator W236CO in Marshfield at 95.1.  It is owned by Wausau-based Midwest Communications, with studios on Scott Street.

WSAU is a Class B AM station.  It is powered at 15,000 watts by day and 20,000 watts at night, using a directional antenna with a four-tower array.  The AM transmitter is along County Highway X in Kronenwetter, Wisconsin.

It started as WLIN in Merrill, Wisconsin, in 1948, preceded the year before by an FM station (now WIFC). It was owned by United States Representative Alvin E. O'Konski. It moved to Wausau in 1952 as that city's second radio station. WSAU, then at 1400 AM, acquired the 550 frequency in 1958 in a facility upgrade. Midwest has owned WSAU since 1996.
Sind Mail
Sind Mail was a passenger train that ran between Bombay and Karachi during the British era in British India. This train used to operate via Ahmedabad–Palanpur–Marwar–Pali–Jodhpur–Luni–Barmer–Munabao–Khokhrapar–Mirpur Khas–Hyderabad. After partition this train was cut short from Hyderabad in Pakistan to Jodhpur in India. This train ran till 1965 and was discontinued due to 1965 war. Today Thar Express operate on this route.

Thar Express
The Thar Express was an international passenger train that ran between the Bhagat Ki Kothi a suburban area of Jodhpur in the Indian State of Rajasthan and Karachi Cantonment of Karachi in the Pakistani Province of Sindh. The name of the train is derived from the Thar Desert a sub-continental desert, which lies in the north-western part of the Indian subcontinent and ranks 17th in the world covering an area of 200,000 km2 (77,000 sq mi).

It was the second train after the Samjhauta Express for direct connectivity between India and Pakistan on the basis of Simla Agreement after the restoring of the Jodhpur–Hyderabad rail route which was closed for 41 years till 2006.

As of 9 August 2019, the Thar Express had been cancelled until further notice due to escalating tensions between India and Pakistan.
University of Michigan Executive System
The University of Michigan Executive System, or UMES, a batch operating system developed at the University of Michigan in 1958, was widely used at many universities. Based on the General Motors Executive System for the IBM 701, UMES was revised to work on the mainframe computers in use at the University of Michigan during this time (IBM 704, 709, and 7090) and to work better for the small student jobs that were expected to be the primary work load at the university.

UMES was in use at the University of Michigan until 1967, when MTS was phased in to take advantage of the newer virtual memory time-sharing technology that became available on the IBM System/360 Model 67.

Michigan Terminal System
The Michigan Terminal System (MTS) is one of the first time-sharing computer operating systems. Created in 1967 at the University of Michigan for use on IBM S/360-67, S/370 and compatible mainframe computers, it was developed and used by a consortium of eight universities in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom over a period of 33 years (1967 to 1999).
Gerstenhaber algebra
In mathematics and theoretical physics, a Gerstenhaber algebra (sometimes called an antibracket algebra or braid algebra) is an algebraic structure discovered by Murray Gerstenhaber (1963) that combines the structures of a supercommutative ring and a graded Lie superalgebra. It is used in the Batalin–Vilkovisky formalism. It appears also in the generalization of Hamiltonian 
formalism known as the De Donder–Weyl theory as the algebra of generalized Poisson brackets defined on differential forms.

Batalin–Vilkovisky formalism
In theoretical physics, the Batalin–Vilkovisky (BV) formalism (named for Igor Batalin and Grigori Vilkovisky) was developed as a method for determining the ghost structure for Lagrangian gauge theories, such as gravity and supergravity, whose corresponding Hamiltonian formulation has constraints not related to a Lie algebra (i.e., the role of Lie algebra structure constants are played by more general structure functions). The BV formalism, based on an action that contains both fields and "antifields", can be thought of as a vast generalization of the original BRST formalism for pure Yang–Mills theory to an arbitrary Lagrangian gauge theory. Other names for the Batalin–Vilkovisky formalism are field-antifield formalism, Lagrangian BRST formalism, or BV–BRST formalism. It should not be confused with the Batalin–Fradkin–Vilkovisky (BFV) formalism, which is the Hamiltonian counterpart.
George William, Duke of Brunswick
George William (German: Georg Wilhelm; 26 January 1624 – 28 August 1705) was the first Welf Duke of Lauenburg after its occupation in 1689. From 1648 to 1665, he was the ruler of the Principality of Calenberg as an appanage from his eldest brother, Christian Louis, Prince of Luneburg. When he inherited Luneburg on the latter's death in 1665, he gave Calenberg to his younger brother, John Frederick.

Nevertheless, he only kept the sub-division of Celle, giving the rest of Luneburg to their youngest brother Ernest Augustus, whose son, George Ludwig (future King of Great Britain), inherited Saxe-Lauenburg and Celle from George William. His only daughter, Sophia Dorothea of Celle, was George Ludwig's wife.

Christian Louis, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Christian Louis (German: Christian Ludwig; 25 February 1622 – 15 March 1665) was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. A member of the House of Welf, from 1641 until 1648, he ruled the Principality of Calenberg, a subdivision of the duchy, and, from 1648 until his death, the Principality of Lüneburg.
Tomas Alfredson
Hans Christian Tomas Alfredson (born 1 April 1965) is a Swedish film director who is best known internationally for directing the 2008 vampire film Let the Right One In and 2011 espionage film Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy. Alfredson has received the Guldbagge award for Best Direction twice; in 2005 for Four Shades of Brown, and in 2008 for Let the Right One In.

He is the son of director and actor Hans Alfredson and the brother of director Daniel Alfredson.

Hans Alfredson
Hans Folke "Hasse" Alfredson (28 June 1931 – 10 September 2017) was a Swedish actor, film director, writer, and comedian. Born in Malmö, Sweden, he is known for his collaboration with Tage Danielsson as the duo Hasse & Tage and their production company AB Svenska Ord ("Swedish Words Ltd"). His most celebrated contribution to their brand of humorist humanism was his ability to extemporize wildly absurd comic situations, for example in the Lindeman dialogues.

Towards the end of his life, Alfredson made it clear that he preferred his real name, Hans, over the commonly used nickname "Hasse".

He was the father of directors Daniel and Tomas Alfredson.