hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Don Melia
Don Melia (25 December 1953 – 21 August 1992) was a gay British cartoonist, editor, activist, and philanthropist. Born in Liverpool, he was known largely for his involvement in Matt Black: Charcoal, Strip AIDS, Heartbreak Hotel, and Buddies, comic series that helped uplift the gay community, bring attention to and educate the public about the AIDS crisis, and helped create a gay community in the comics industry.

Strip AIDS
Strip AIDS and Strip AIDS U.S.A. are comics anthology volumes published in 1987 in the UK, and 1988 in the US (respectively). They combined short comics with educational and sometimes comedic themes, to educate readers about HIV disease and safer sex, and to raise funds for the care of people with AIDS.
Whitley Lower
Whitley Lower is a village near Thornhill in Kirklees, West Yorkshire England.  The parish church, dedicated to St Mary and St Michael, is part of the united benefice of Thornhill and Whitley which also includes Briestfield. The church was Grade II listed in 1985. In 1891 the civil parish had a population of 879.

Thornhill, West Yorkshire
Thornhill is a village on the southern outskirts of Dewsbury in Kirklees, West Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Thornhill was absorbed into Dewsbury County Borough in 1910. The village is located on a ridge on the south side of the River Calder. Dewsbury, Ossett and Wakefield are close by. Its parish church houses a collection of Anglo-Saxon crosses.
Capella Aircraft
Capella Aircraft Corporation was an American aircraft manufacturer based in Austin, Texas. Formed about 1988, the company specialized in the design and manufacture of light aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction, including for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules. The company went out of business about 2007.

Capella produced a number of aircraft designs, all of a strut-braced, high wing configuration. The first series were all enclosed cockpit designs, starting with the Capella SS, a single seat model introduced in 1988. In 1990 the Capella XS two-seat conventional landing gear model followed, along with a tricycle gear model, the Capella XLS. The Capella Fastback was introduced in 1995.

In 1998 the open cockpit single-seat Capella Javelin I was introduced as a FAR 103 ultralight. This was followed by the Capella Javelin II the same year and finally the Capella T-Raptor, all variants of the basic Javelin design.

Capella XS
The Capella XS is a family of American high wing, tractor configuration, cabin aircraft that were produced in kit form by Capella Aircraft of Austin, Texas and intended for amateur construction.

Capella Aircraft went out of business in late 2007, and the series is no longer in production.
ICON (microcomputer)
The ICON (also the CEMCorp ICON, Burroughs ICON, and Unisys ICON, and nicknamed the bionic beaver) was a networked personal computer built specifically for use in schools, to fill a standard created by the Ontario Ministry of Education. It was based on the Intel 80186 CPU and ran an early version of QNX, a Unix-like operating system. The system was packaged as an all-in-one machine similar to the Commodore PET, and included a trackball for mouse-like control. Over time, a number of GUI-like systems appeared for the platform, based on the system's NAPLPS-based graphics system.

The ICON was widely used in the mid to late 1980s, but disappeared after that time with the widespread introduction of PCs and Apple Macintoshes.

QNX
QNX (/ˌkjuː ˌɛn ˈɛks/ or /ˈkjuːnɪks/) is a commercial Unix-like real-time operating system, aimed primarily at the embedded systems market.

The product was originally developed in the early 1980s by Canadian company Quantum Software Systems, founded March 30, 1980, and later renamed QNX Software Systems.

As of 2022, it is used in a variety of devices including automobiles, medical devices, programmable logic controllers, automated manufacturing, trains, and more.
Lithification
Lithification (from the Ancient Greek word lithos meaning 'rock' and the Latin-derived suffix -ific) is the process in which sediments compact under pressure, expel connate fluids, and gradually become solid rock.  Essentially, lithification is a process of porosity destruction through compaction and cementation. Lithification includes all the processes which convert unconsolidated sediments into sedimentary rocks. Petrifaction, though often used as a synonym, is more specifically used to describe the replacement of organic material by silica in the formation of fossils.

Petrifaction
In geology, petrifaction or petrification (from Ancient Greek  πέτρα (pétra) 'rock, stone') is the process by which organic material becomes a fossil through the replacement of the original material and the filling of the original pore spaces with minerals. Petrified wood typifies this process, but all organisms, from bacteria to vertebrates, can become petrified (although harder, more durable matter such as bone, beaks, and shells survive the process better than softer remains such as muscle tissue, feathers, or skin). Petrification takes place through a combination of two similar processes: permineralization and replacement.  These processes create replicas of the original specimen that are similar down to the microscopic level.
Bay of Bangkok
The Bay of Bangkok (Thai: อ่าวกรุงเทพ, RTGS: Ao Krung Thep, Thai pronunciation: [ʔàːw kruŋ tʰêːp], sometimes informally อ่าวตัว ก), also known as the Bight of Bangkok, is the northernmost part of the Gulf of Thailand, roughly extending from Hua Hin District to the west and Sattahip District to the east. Three of the major rivers of central Thailand empty into the bay - the Chao Phraya and its distributary Tha Chin, the Mae Klong and the Bang Pakong River. The bay forms the coast of 8 provinces, them being clockwise: Prachuap Khiri Khan, Phetchaburi, Samut Songkhram, Samut Sakhon, Bangkok, Samut Prakan, Chachoengsao, and Chonburi.

There are some islands off the eastern shores of the bay, like Ko Sichang, Ko Lan and Ko Phai.

Ko Lan
Ko Lan (Thai: เกาะล้าน, pronounced [kɔ̀ʔ láːn]) is one of the eastern seaboard islands of Thailand. Ko Lan lies 7.5 km from the nearest shore, Pattaya. "Ko Lan" is the name of the island in the Royal Thai General System of Transcription. It is also known as "Koh Larn" and "Ko Laan".
Kappa Ursae Majoris
Kappa Ursae Majoris (κ Ursae Majoris, abbreviated Kappa UMa, κ UMa) is a binary star in the constellation of Ursa Major. With a combined apparent magnitude of +3.60, the system is approximately 358 light-years from Earth.

The two components are designated Kappa Ursae Majoris A (officially named Alkaphrah /ælˈkæfrə/, a traditional name of the system) and B.

Mu Ursae Majoris
Mu Ursae Majoris is a binary star in the constellation of Ursa Major, and possibly part of a triple star system. It has the proper name Tania Australis /ˈteɪniə ɔːˈstreɪlɪs/, Mu Ursae Majoris is its Bayer designation. An apparent visual magnitude of +3.06 places it among the brighter members of the constellation. Parallax measurements give a distance measurement of roughly 230 light-years (71 parsecs), with a margin of error of 4%.
Ryan Westmoreland
Ryan Michael Westmoreland (born April 27, 1990) is a former American professional baseball player. An outfielder, he played in minor league baseball in the Boston Red Sox organization. Westmoreland was considered one of the best prospects in baseball. However, his career was limited by a medical condition that required two brain surgeries.

A star baseball player in high school, Westmoreland was twice named to the Rhode Island All-State team and was named the Rhode Island player of the year as a senior. The Red Sox selected Westmoreland in the 2008 Major League Baseball draft and signed him with a $2 million signing bonus. Baseball America ranked Westmoreland among the best prospects in baseball in 2010. However, he began to experience symptoms of a cavernous malformation that year, which required two surgeries and years of rehabilitation. Westmoreland announced his retirement in 2013.

Cavernous hemangioma
Cavernous hemangioma, also called cavernous angioma, venous malformation, or cavernoma, is a type of venous malformation due to endothelial dysmorphogenesis from a lesion which is present at birth. A cavernoma in the brain is called a cerebral cavernous malformation or CCM.  Despite its designation as a hemangioma, a cavernous hemangioma is a benign (but not harmless) condition, not a malignant tumor, as it does not display endothelial hyperplasia. The abnormal tissue causes a slowing of blood flow through the cavities, or "caverns". The blood vessels do not form the necessary junctions with surrounding cells, and the structural support from the smooth muscle is hindered, causing leakage into the surrounding tissue. It is the leakage of blood (hemorrhage) that causes a variety of symptoms known to be associated with the condition.
Margarita Island
Margarita Island (Isla de Margarita, Spanish pronunciation: [maɾɣaˈɾita]) is the largest island in the Venezuelan state of Nueva Esparta, situated off the north west coast of the country, in the Caribbean Sea. The capital city of Nueva Esparta, La Asunción, is located on the island.

Macanao Peninsula Municipality
The Macanao Peninsula is a geographic peninsula landform, that forms the western end of the Isla Margarita in the Caribbean Sea, in northern Venezuela.

It is also a Venezuelan municipality, the Municipality of Macanao Peninsula (Municipio Península de Macanao), in the state of Nueva Esparta.   The municipal seat is Boca de Río.
Thomas Rowley (headmaster)
Dr Thomas Rowley (24 August 1796 – 11 November 1877) was a successful headmaster of Bridgnorth Grammar School between 1821 and 1850. He was a member of the Canterbury Association, was Dean-designate for the yet to be built ChristChurch Cathedral in Christchurch, New Zealand, but he never emigrated.

Bridgnorth Endowed School
Bridgnorth Endowed School is a coeducational secondary school with academy status, located in the market town of Bridgnorth in the rural county of Shropshire, England. Founded in 1503, The Endowed School is a state school and is a specialist Technology College. The age range of the school is 11–16 years. It was previously known as the Bridgnorth Grammar School, and the school celebrated the 500th anniversary of its foundation in 2003. Former pupils include Professor Peter Bullock, a soil scientist who was a member of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
Aimee Lou Wood
Aimee Lou Wood  (born 3 February 1994) is an English actress and writer. She began her career on stage, appearing in productions of Mary Stuart (2016–2017) and People, Places and Things (2017). Her screen debut came with the Netflix comedy series Sex Education (2019–2023), winning the BAFTA Television Award for Best Female Comedy Performance. While starring on Sex Education, she appeared in the West End productions Uncle Vanya (2020) and Cabaret (2023), and in the films The Electrical Life of Louis Wain (2021) and Living (2022).

Wood was nominated for the BAFTA Rising Star Award in 2023. She starred in the comedy series Daddy Issues (2024–present) and the drama series The White Lotus (2025), the latter of which brought her nominations for the Actor Award, Primetime Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress. She also created and starred in the BBC Three television series Film Club (2025).

British Academy Television Award for Best Female Comedy Performance
The British Academy Television Award for Best Female Comedy Performance was instituted in 2009. It is awarded by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA), a British organisation that hosts annual awards shows for film, television, children's film and television, and interactive media.

Since 2009 (presented in 2010), the British Academy Television Awards has presented two awards for comedy performance, the BAFTA TV Award for Best Female Comedy Performance and the BAFTA TV Award for Best Male Comedy Performance. Before 2009 there was one award for Best Comedy Performance. Jessica Hynes is the only actress who has received this award more than once, with two wins.
Jack Sheppard (novel)
Jack Sheppard is a novel by William Harrison Ainsworth serially published in Bentley's Miscellany from 1839 to 1840, with illustrations by George Cruikshank. It is a historical romance and a Newgate novel based on the real life of the 18th-century criminal Jack Sheppard.

Newgate novel
The Newgate novels (or Old Bailey novels) were novels published in England from the late 1820s until the 1840s that glamorised the lives of the criminals they portrayed. Most drew their inspiration from the Newgate Calendar, a biography of famous criminals published during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, and usually rearranged or embellished the original tale for melodramatic effect. The novels caused great controversy, and drew criticism in particular from the novelist William Makepeace Thackeray, who satirised them in several of his novels and attacked the authors openly.
ŽKK Partizan
Ženski košarkaški klub Partizan (Serbian Cyrillic: Женски кошаркашки клуб Партизан, lit. 'Women's Basketball Club Partizan'), commonly referred to as ŽKK Partizan or simply Partizan, is a women's professional basketball club based in Belgrade, Serbia. Since 2015, the club has been competing under the legal name Partizan 1953. It is part of the multi-sports club Partizan. They are currently competing in the Serbian First League. The club won seven national championships, five national cups and two Adriatic League. They play their home games at the Sports Hall "Ranko Žeravica".

WABA League
WABA League, commonly known as the Adriatic League, is a top-level regional basketball league, featuring female teams from Serbia, Montenegro, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Slovenia and Croatia. Clubs from Turkey, North Macedonia, Hungary and Italy had their representatives in WABA League in past seasons. Since 2012 a Cadet WABA League and since 2014 Pionir WABA League is also played.
203 mm/53 Italian naval gun
The 203 mm/53 Ansaldo was the main battery gun of Italy's most modern Washington Naval Treaty heavy cruisers. This treaty allowed ships of not more than 10,000 tons standard displacement, and with guns no larger than 8 inches (203 mm), to be excluded from total tonnage limitations on a nation's capital ships.

8-inch/55-caliber gun
The 8"/55 caliber gun (spoken "eight-inch-fifty-five-caliber") formed the main battery of United States Navy heavy cruisers and two early aircraft carriers.  United States naval gun terminology indicates the gun barrel had an internal diameter of 8 inches (203 mm), and the barrel was 55 calibers long (barrel length is 8 inch × 55 = 440 inches or 36.6 feet or 11 meters).
François de Vendôme, duc de Beaufort
François de Vendôme, duc de Beaufort (16 January 1616 – 25 June 1669) was the son of César, Duke of Vendôme, and Françoise de Lorraine. He was a prominent figure in the Fronde, and later went on to fight in the Mediterranean. He is sometimes called François de Vendôme, though he was born into the House of Bourbon, Vendôme coming from his father's title of Duke of Vendôme.

In March 1665 he led a small fleet which defeated a small Algerian fleet near the Goletta, Tunisia (Action of March 1665). In 1669 he led the newly arrived French troops defending Candia against the Ottoman Turks, and was presumed to have been killed in a night sortie, on 25 June 1669. His body was brought back to France for a state funeral.

Siege of Candia
The siege of Candia (now Heraklion, Crete) was a military conflict in which Ottoman forces besieged the Venetian-ruled capital city of the Kingdom of Candia. It lasted from 1648 to 1669 (a total of 21 years) and is one of the longest sieges in history. It ended with an Ottoman victory, but the effort and cost of the siege contributed to the decline of the Ottoman Empire, especially after the Great Turkish War.
Zhao (state)
Zhao (traditional Chinese: 趙; simplified Chinese: 赵) was one of the seven major states during the Warring States period of ancient China. It emerged from the tripartite division of Jin, along with Han and Wei, in the 5th century BC. Zhao gained considerable strength from the military reforms initiated during the reign of King Wuling, but suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Qin at the Battle of Changping. Its territory included areas in the modern provinces of Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi and Shaanxi. It bordered the states of Qin, Wei, and Yan, as well as various nomadic peoples including the Hu and Xiongnu. Its capital was Handan, in modern Hebei province.

Zhao was home to the administrative philosopher Shen Dao, Confucian Xun Kuang, and Gongsun Long, who is affiliated to the school of names.

Donghu people
The Donghu (/ˈdʊŋˌhuː/; simplified Chinese: 东胡; traditional Chinese: 東胡; pinyin: Dōnghú) were a tribal confederation of nomadic Hu people that were first recorded from the 7th century BCE and were taken over by the Xiongnu in 150 BCE. They lived in northern Hebei, southeastern Inner Mongolia and the western part of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang along the Yan Mountains and Greater Khingan Range.
Arctus (Hora)
In Greek mythology, Arctus (Ancient Greek: Ἄρκτος, romanized: Arktos, lit. 'bear') was the twelfth Hora (Hour) who presided over the night sky and constellations. She was originally not part of this lesser-known group of goddesses.

Anatole (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Anatole (Ancient Greek: Ανατολη, romanized: Anatolê, lit. 'rising') was the second Hora (Hour) who presided over the hour of dawn. She was also called Anatolia or Antolia (Ἀντολίη means ‘eastern’).
Ruthenian language
Ruthenian (see also other names) was a written language used from the 14th to the 18th centuries within the East Slavic-speaking regions of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Literary Ruthenian is considered to be a historical precursor to the modern Belarusian and Ukrainian languages (occasionally also to Rusyn), although neither standard language directly continues the Ruthenian written tradition.

Several linguistic issues are debated among linguists: various questions related to classification of literary and vernacular varieties of this language; issues related to meanings and proper uses of various endonymic (native) and exonymic (foreign) glottonyms (names of languages and linguistic varieties); questions on its relation to modern East Slavic languages, and its relation to Old East Slavic (the colloquial language used in Kievan Rus' in the 10th through 13th centuries).

Old East Slavic
Old East Slavic (traditionally also Old Russian) was a language (or a group of dialects) used by the East Slavs from the 7th or 8th century to the 13th or 14th century, until it diverged into the Russian and Ruthenian languages. Ruthenian eventually evolved into the Belarusian, Rusyn, and Ukrainian languages.
Touchard polynomials
The Touchard polynomials, studied by Jacques Touchard (1956), also called the exponential polynomials or Bell polynomials, comprise a polynomial sequence of binomial type defined by

where  is a Stirling number of the second kind, i.e., the number of partitions of a set of size n into k disjoint non-empty subsets.

The first few Touchard polynomials are

Binomial type
In mathematics, a polynomial sequence, i.e., a sequence of polynomials indexed by non-negative integers  in which the index of each polynomial equals its degree, is said to be of binomial type if it satisfies the sequence of identities

Many such sequences exist.  The set of all such sequences forms a Lie group under the operation of umbral composition, explained below. Every sequence of binomial type may be expressed in terms of the Bell polynomials. Every sequence of binomial type is a Sheffer sequence (but most Sheffer sequences are not of binomial type).  Polynomial sequences put on firm footing the vague 19th century notions of umbral calculus.
Abby Bishop
Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian former professional basketball player. She played in the Women's National Basketball League (WNBL) between 2005 and 2025 for the Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra Capitals, Dandenong Rangers, Adelaide Lightning, Townsville Fire and Southside Flyers. She played three seasons in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), winning a WNBA championship in 2010 with the Seattle Storm. She was a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Australia women's national basketball team
The Australia women's national basketball team, nicknamed the Opals after the brightly coloured gemstone common to the country, represents Australia in international basketball. From 1994 onwards, the Opals have been consistently competitive and successful having won nine medals at official FIBA international tournaments (Olympics and World Cups), highlighted by a gold medal winning performance at the 2006 World Championship in Brazil. At the now-defunct regional Oceania Championship for Women, the Opals won 15 titles. In 2017, FIBA combined its Oceanian and Asian zones for official senior competitions; following this change, the Opals compete in the FIBA Women's Asia Cup.
Steve Lavin
Stephen Michael Lavin (born September 4, 1964) is an American college basketball coach and former broadcaster who is the head coach of the San Diego Toreros men's basketball team at the University of San Diego (USD). He previously served as head coach of the St. John's Red Storm and UCLA Bruins. In eleven full seasons as a head coach, Lavin had led teams to ten postseason appearances, highlighted by eight NCAA Tournament berths, an Elite Eight ('97), five NCAA Regional semifinals ('97, '98, '00, '01, '02) and nine campaigns of twenty or more wins. Lavin has also been a broadcaster for Fox Sports, CBS Sports and Pac-12 Network.

UCLA Bruins men's basketball
The UCLA Bruins men's basketball program represents the University of California, Los Angeles, in the sport of men's basketball as a member of the Big Ten Conference. Established in 1919, the program has won a record 11 NCAA titles. Coach John Wooden led the Bruins to 10 national titles in 12 seasons, from 1964 to 1975, including seven straight from 1967 to 1973. UCLA went undefeated a record four times (1964, 1967, 1972, and 1973). Coach Jim Harrick led the team to another NCAA title in 1995. Former coach Ben Howland led UCLA to three consecutive Final Four appearances from 2006 to 2008. As a member of the AAWU, Pacific-8 and then Pacific-10, UCLA set an NCAA Division I record with 13 consecutive regular season conference titles between 1967 and 1979 which stood until tied by Kansas in 2017. UCLA departed the Pac-12 Conference and joined the Big Ten Conference on August 2, 2024.