hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Stanley
Colonel George Francis Gillman Stanley CC CD FRSC FRHSC(hon) FRHistS (July 6, 1907 – September 13, 2002) was a Canadian author, soldier, historian at Mount Allison University, public servant, and designer of the Canadian Flag.

Mount Allison University
Mount Allison University (also Mount A or MtA) is a public primarily undergraduate liberal arts university located in Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, founded in 1839.

Mount Allison was the first university in the British Empire to award a baccalaureate to a woman (Grace Annie Lockhart, B.Sc., 1875). It was also the first university in Canada to grant a bachelor of arts to a woman (Harriet Starr Stewart in 1882).

Graduates of Mount Allison have been awarded a total of 57 Rhodes Scholarships, the highest per capita of any university in the British Commonwealth.

It is ranked the top undergraduate university in Canada for a record 26th time, by Maclean's 2026 Annual University Ranking.
Wallace Lawler
Wallace Leslie Lawler (15 March 1912 – 28 September 1972) was a British Liberal politician. He was elected a Member of Parliament (MP) by gaining the Birmingham Ladywood constituency from Labour at a by-election on 26 June 1969. However, he only served for one year; Labour's Doris Fisher regained the seat from him at the 1970 general election. Lawler was the last Liberal to serve as a Member of Parliament in Birmingham until John Hemming, of the successor Liberal Democrats, gained Birmingham Yardley in 2005.

1969 Birmingham Ladywood by-election
The 1969 Birmingham Ladywood by-election, in Birmingham, on 26 June 1969 was held after Labour Member of Parliament (MP) Victor Yates died on 19 January the same year. Although the seat had been Labour-held since 1945 it was captured by the Liberals in a defeat for Harold Wilson's government.
1st Norfolk Artillery Volunteers
The 1st Norfolk Artillery Volunteers was a unit of Britain's Volunteer Force raised in the County of Norfolk in 1859 as a response to a French invasion threat. It became part of the Territorial Force in 1908 and served under various designations as field artillery in Palestine during World War I, and as heavy anti-aircraft artillery in North Africa and Italy during World War II. It disappeared in a merger in 1955.

1st Suffolk Artillery Volunteer Corps
The 1st Suffolk Artillery Volunteers was a unit of Britain's Volunteer Force and Territorial Army from 1860 until 1955. Raised at Lowestoft in Suffolk, it served under various designations, as field artillery in Palestine during World War I and as heavy anti-aircraft artillery defending the UK during World War II.
Princess Amelie of Fürstenberg
Marie Amélie, Duchess of Ratibor, Princess of Corvey, Princess of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (née Princess Amélie of Fürstenberg; 12 February 1821 – 17 January 1899), was the consort of Victor I, Duke of Ratibor.

Viktor I, Duke of Ratibor
Victor I, Duke of Ratibor, Prince of Corvey, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst  (German: Viktor Moritz Carl 1. Herzog von Ratibor, 1. Fürst von Corvey, Prinz zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst; 10 February 1818 – 30 January 1893) was a member of House of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst and later Duke of the Silesian duchy of Ratibor (Czech: Ratiboř, Polish: Racibórz) and Prince of Corvey.
Arkansas Highway 251
Highway 251 (AR 251, Ark. 251, and Hwy. 251) is a north–south state highway in Randolph County, Arkansas. The highway begins near Pocahontas and runs north to the Missouri state line. The route is maintained by the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ArDOT).

Randolph County, Arkansas
Randolph County is located between the Ozark Mountains and Arkansas Delta in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The county is named for John Randolph, a U.S. senator from Virginia influential in obtaining congressional approval of the Louisiana Purchase, which includes today's Randolph County. Created as Arkansas's 32nd county on October 29, 1835, Randolph County has six incorporated cities, including Pocahontas, the county seat and most populous city, Biggers, Maynard, O'Kean, Ravenden Springs, and Reyno. The county is also the site of numerous unincorporated communities and ghost towns.
Appleby-in-Westmorland
Appleby-in-Westmorland is a market town and civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England, with a population of 3,048 at the 2011 Census. Crossed by the River Eden, Appleby is the county town of the historic county of Westmorland. It was known just as Appleby until 1974–1976, when the council of the successor parish to the borough changed it to retain the name Westmorland, which was abolished as an administrative area under the Local Government Act 1972, before being revived as Westmorland and Furness in 2023. It lies 14 miles (23 km) south-east of Penrith, 32 miles (51 km) south-east of Carlisle, 27 miles (43 km) north-east of Kendal and 45 miles (72 km) west of Darlington.

Westmorland
Westmorland (/ˈwɛstmərlənd/, formerly also spelt Westmoreland) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The area included part of the Lake District and the southern Vale of Eden, and its inhabitants were known as Westmerians.

The county had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria together with Cumberland, the Sedbergh area of Yorkshire, and the Furness area of Lancashire. It gives its name to the Westmorland and Furness unitary authority area, which covers a larger area than the historic county.
Host adapter
In computer hardware a host controller, host adapter or host bus adapter (HBA) connects a computer system bus which acts as the host system to other network and storage devices. The terms are primarily used to refer to devices for connecting SCSI, SAS, NVMe, Fibre Channel and SATA devices. Devices for connecting to FireWire, USB and other devices may also be called host controllers or host adapters.

Host adapters can be integrated in the motherboard or be on a separate expansion card.

The term network interface controller (NIC) is more often used for devices connecting to computer networks, while the term converged network adapter can be applied when protocols such as iSCSI or Fibre Channel over Ethernet allow storage and network functionality over the same physical connection.

Serial Attached SCSI
In computing, Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is a point-to-point serial protocol that moves data to and from computer-storage devices such as hard disk drives, solid-state drives and tape drives. SAS replaces the older Parallel SCSI (Parallel Small Computer System Interface, usually pronounced "scuzzy") bus technology that first appeared in the mid-1980s. SAS, like its predecessor, uses the standard SCSI command set. SAS offers optional compatibility with Serial ATA (SATA), versions 2 and later. This allows the connection of SATA drives to most SAS backplanes or controllers. The reverse, connecting SAS drives to SATA backplanes, is not possible.

The T10 technical committee of the International Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS) develops and maintains the SAS protocol; the SCSI Trade Association (SCSITA) promotes the technology.
Hovin, Tinn
Hovin is a village in Tinn Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The village is located just up the hill from the eastern shore of the large lake Tinnsjå. It is located about 22 kilometres (14 mi) south of the village of Tinn Austbygd and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of the town of Notodden.

From 1886 until 1964, the village was the administrative centre of the old Hovin Municipality. In 1964, the municipality was dissolved and this area became part of Tinn Municipality. Hovin Church is located in this village.

Tinn
Tinn is a municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the traditional districts of Aust-Telemark and Upper Telemark. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Rjukan. Some of the villages in Tinn include Atrå, Austbygde, Hovin, and Miland.

The 2,045-square-kilometre (790 sq mi) municipality is the 34th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Tinn is the 172nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,546. The municipality's population density is 3 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.8/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 7.1% over the previous 10-year period.

The Krossobanen is the oldest aerial tramway in Northern Europe. It was built in 1928 as a gift from Norsk Hydro. The Hardangervidda National Park center is located at the lake Møsvatn, just east of Tinn.
J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize
The J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize is an annual $10,000 award given to a book that exemplifies, "literary grace, a commitment to serious research and social concern." The prize is given by the Nieman Foundation and by the Columbia University School of Journalism.

Established in 1998, the Lukas Prize Project consists of three awards:

The J. Anthony Lukas Book Prize ($10,000)

The Mark Lynton History Prize ($10,000)

The J. Anthony Lukas Work-in-Progress Award ($25,000 plus $5,000 for an annual finalist)

The project is named for Pulitzer Prize-winning American journalist and author, J. Anthony Lukas; it has been underwritten since its inception by the family of Mark Lynton, a German Jew who had careers with the British military, Citroen and Hunter Douglas.

J. Anthony Lukas Work-in-Progress Award
The J. Anthony Lukas Work-in-Progress Award, established in 1999, is a literary award "given annually to aid in the completion of a significant work of nonfiction on a topic of American political or social concern." The prize is given by the Nieman Foundation and by the Columbia University School of Journalism and is intended to "assist in closing the gap between the time and money an author has and the time and money that finishing a book requires.

Every year, one or two award winners receive an award of at least $25,000, and a finalist may receive a $5,000 award. Shortlisted books, introduced in 2016, receive no monetary award.
Felipe (footballer, born 1989)
Felipe Augusto de Almeida Monteiro (born 16 May 1989), known simply as Felipe or Felipe Monteiro, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a centre-back.

Felipe began his career with União Mogi and was loaned to Bragantino before joining Corinthians in 2012. He played 109 times for the club, winning honours including the 2012 FIFA Club World Cup and the 2015 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A. In 2016, he joined Porto, where he won a Primeira Liga title in 2018. The following year, he signed for Atlético Madrid, and won La Liga in 2021. In January 2023, he joined Nottingham Forest of the Premier League, retiring 18 months later.

He played two games for Brazil in 2018 and 2020, and was part of their squad that came runners-up at the 2021 Copa América.

2017–18 Primeira Liga
The 2017–18 Primeira Liga (also known as Liga NOS for sponsorship reasons) was the 84th season of the Primeira Liga, the top professional league for Portuguese association football clubs. Benfica were the defending champions for a fourth consecutive time, but they did not retain the title. Porto became the new champions with two matches to spare, clinching their 28th league title. This was their first trophy in four years.

Since Portugal dropped from fifth to seventh place in the UEFA association coefficient rankings at the end of 2016–17 season, only the two best-ranked teams could qualify for the UEFA Champions League (the champions entered directly into the group stage, and the runners-up entered the third qualifying round). The third and fourth-placed teams qualified respectively to the UEFA Europa League third and second qualifying rounds.
Hathyar (1989 film)
Hathyar (transl. Weapon) is a 1989 Indian Hindi-language action crime film written and directed by J. P. Dutta. It features an ensemble cast of Dharmendra, Sanjay Dutt, Rishi Kapoor, Amrita Singh, Sangeeta Bijani, Asha Parekh, Paresh Rawal and Kulbhushan Kharbanda. The film focuses on how poverty forces a youngster (Dutt) to turn to crime by joining forces with the biggest don in town (Dharmendra), much to the chargin of his mother (Parekh), his lover (Singh) and his friend and the don's brother (Kapoor).

The film released worldwide on 10 March 1989 and was a critical and moderate commercial success. Over time, it has been considered as one of Dutt's best films, which probably gave the best description about the underworld. The performance of Sanjay Dutt is also regarded as one of the best in his career.

Sangeeta Bijlani
Sangeeta Bijlani (born 9 July 1960) is an Indian former actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who is known for winning the title of Femina Miss India 1980. She represented India at Miss Universe 1980. She started her acting career starring in Hindi films, playing a lead role in the film Qatil (1988) and was one of the three female leads in the film Tridev (1989).
Hits Radio Herefordshire & Worcestershire
Hits Radio Herefordshire & Worcestershire, formerly Free Radio Herefordshire & Worcestershire, is an Independent Local Radio station owned and operated by Bauer as part of the Hits Radio network. It broadcasts to Herefordshire and Worcestershire.

As of September 2024, the station has a weekly audience of 79,000 listeners according to RAJAR.

Hits Radio Coventry & Warwickshire
Hits Radio Coventry & Warwickshire, formerly Free Radio Coventry & Warwickshire, is an Independent Local Radio station based in Birmingham, England, owned and operated by Bauer as part of the Hits Radio network. It broadcasts to Coventry and Warwickshire.

As of September 2024, the station has a weekly audience of 107,000 listeners according to RAJAR.
Penny Mountbatten
Penelope Anne Vere, Lady Ivar Mountbatten (née Thompson; born 17 March 1966), known as Penny Mountbatten, is a British philanthropist and businesswoman. She served as the lady of the manor of Moyns Park and then Bridwell Park until her divorce from Lord Ivar Mountbatten in 2011.

Lord Ivar Mountbatten
Lord Ivar Alexander Michael Mountbatten, DL (born 9 March 1963) is a British aristocrat, farmer, geologist, businessman, and reality television personality. A second cousin of King Charles III, he is the first member of the extended royal family to be openly in a same-sex relationship, and in 2018 became the first to have a same-sex wedding, marrying airline cabin services director James Coyle. He is a former director of SCL Group, the parent company of the now-defunct data analytics firm Cambridge Analytica.
Alessandra Silvestri-Levy
Alessandra, Princess of Bismarck (née Silvestri, later Silvestri-Lévy, born 1 November 1972) is an Italo-Brazilian art writer and curator. As the wife of Carl-Eduard von Bismarck, she became the Princess of Bismarck in 2019.

A patron of the arts, she has produced and curated several exhibitions of photography, contemporary art, literature, and film festivals, mainly in Paris, São Paulo, and Havana.

She was the International Executive Director for the Brazilian Cinema Foundation (Cinemateca Brasileira).

Carl von Bismarck
Carl-Eduard, Prince of Bismarck (Carl-Eduard Otto Wolfgang; born 16 February 1961), often known as Carl von Bismarck, is a German politician. A member of the Christian Democratic Union, he sat in the Bundestag from 2005 to 2007. He is the current head of the Princely line of the House of Bismarck. His oldest son Alexei Count von Bismarck-Schoenhausen is his successor.
Spectrogram
A spectrogram is a visual representation of the spectrum of frequencies of a signal as it varies with time. 
When applied to an audio signal, spectrograms are sometimes called sonographs, voiceprints, or voicegrams. When the data are represented in a 3D plot they may be called waterfall displays.

Spectrograms are used extensively in the fields of music, linguistics, sonar, radar, speech processing, seismology, ornithology, and others. Spectrograms of audio can be used to identify spoken words phonetically, and to analyse the various calls of animals.

A spectrogram can be generated by an optical spectrometer, a bank of band-pass filters, by Fourier transform or by a wavelet transform (in which case it is also known as a scaleogram or scalogram).

A spectrogram is usually depicted as a heat map, i.e., as an image with the intensity shown by varying the colour or brightness.

Waterfall plot
Waterfall plots are often used to show how two-dimensional phenomena change over time. A three-dimensional spectral waterfall plot is a plot in which multiple curves of data, typically spectra, are displayed simultaneously. Typically the curves are staggered both across the screen and vertically, with "nearer" curves masking the ones behind. The result is a series of "mountain" shapes that appear to be side by side. The waterfall plot is often used to show how two-dimensional information changes over time or some other variable such as rotational speed. Waterfall plots are also often used to depict spectrograms or cumulative spectral decay (CSD).
Huaigang Special Steel
Jiangsu Shagang Group Huaigang Special Steel Co., Ltd. (known as Huaigang or Huaisteel) is a Chinese steel manufacturer based in Huai'an, Jiangsu Province. It was a subsidiary of privately held company Shagang Group via its publicly traded subsidiary Shagang Company (SZSE: 002075) for 63.79% stake, from 2010 to 2015. As of 31 December 2013, Huaigang accounted for 99.9% revenue and 97% assets of Shagang Company. However, as of 31 December 2015, Shagang Group owned just 19.88% stake in Shagang Company; in turn Shagang Company owned 63.79% stake of Huaigang. Shagang Group sold 55.12% stake of Shagang Company in 2015, for about CN¥4.6 billion (or CN¥5.29 per share).

As of 4 July 2017, Shagang Company is a constituent of SZSE 200 Index (mid cap index).

Shagang Group
Jiangsu Shagang Group Company Limited, Jiangsu Shagang Group, Shagang Group or Shasteel is located in Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China, an Economic Development Zone of the Yangtze River. According to a 2008 survey conducted by the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce (ACFIC), the company was the largest privately owned company in China at the time. It involves the production and sales of "Shagang" brand name steel products.
Nyiragongo Territory
Nyiragongo Territory is a territory in North Kivu in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Covering an area of 333 square kilometers, it had a population of 338,966 as of 2022. The territory is bordered to the north by the Bwisha Chiefdom in Rutshuru Territory, to the south by Karisimbi commune in the city of Goma, to the east by Rwanda, and to the west by the Virunga National Park, which separates it from the Bahunde Chiefdom in Masisi Territory.

Established by presidential ordinance on 20 August 1998, with administrative foundations dating back to District Commissioner's Order No. 58 of 22 June 1929, Nyiragongo Territory is composed solely of Bukumu Chiefdom. This chiefdom is further divided into seven groupements, which are subdivided into 58 villages. The territory is historically governed by the Kumu people, but its population is ethnically diverse, including the native Shi, Nande, Hunde and the Congolese Banyarwanda as well as other ethnic groups.

Rutshuru Territory
Rutshuru Territory is a territory in the North Kivu province of the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, with headquarters in the town of Rutshuru.

The territory is mountainous, including a large portion of the Virunga National Park, famous for its mountain gorillas.

Rutshuru Territory has long faced persistent security challenges, primarily due to the presence of armed groups and disputes over natural resources. In June 2025, the Congolese human rights organization Badilika (meaning "change" in Swahili) published a report documenting 9,163 serious human rights violations resulting in 6,060 deaths within the territory between 1996 and 2023, with the majority of these abuses attributed to three armed groups with ties to Rwanda: the Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo (AFDL), responsible for 4,380 violations; the March 23 Movement (M23), with 1,524 violations; and the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), implicated in at least 650 cases.
Damansara Town Centre
Pusat Bandar Damansara (English: Damansara Town Centre) is a township in the Segambut constituency of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The original buildings making up the township were constructed between 1981 and 1984, and were demolished in 2016 for new development.

Segambut
Segambut is a sub-district in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The federal constituency represented in the Dewan Rakyat is Segambut (federal constituency).

From the high-end condominiums of Mont Kiara and Sri Hartamas to the middle-class areas of Taman Sri Segambut and Bandar Manjalara, and the rural areas of Segambut Dalam and Kampung Sungai Penchala, the Segambut district has a diverse population base.

Segambut once belonged to the mukim of Batu Caves before 1974, when Kuala Lumpur was still part of Selangor.

The new Istana Negara is located in this district, along Jalan Tuanku Abdul Halim (Jalan Duta).
Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)
The Democratic Party (DP; Korean: 민주당; RR: Minjudang) was a liberal political party in South Korea. Formerly named the United Democratic Party (UDP; 통합민주당), it was the main opposition party in the 18th Assembly. In late 2011, it merged into the Democratic United Party.

Democratic Party (South Korea, 2007)
The Democratic Party (DP; Korean: 민주당) was a political party in South Korea. Formerly founded as the Centrist United Democratic Party (CUDP; 중도통합민주당) after the merger of the Democratic Party (2005), it merged with the Grand Unified Democratic New Party in February 2008.
Konrad von Preysing
Johann Konrad Maria Augustin Felix, Graf von Preysing Lichtenegg-Moos (30 August 1880 – 21 December 1950) was a German prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Considered a significant figure in Catholic resistance to Nazism, he served as Bishop of Berlin from 1935 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1946 by Pope Pius XII.

Archdiocese of Berlin
The Archdiocese of Berlin (Latin: Archidioecesis Berolinensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Germany. The archepiscopal see is in Berlin, with the archdiocese's territory extending over Northeast Germany.

As of 2004, the archdiocese has 386,279 Catholics out of the population of Berlin, most of Brandenburg (except for its southeastern corner, historical Lower Lusatia) and Hither Pomerania, i. e. the German part of Pomerania. This means that a little over 6% of the population in this area is Roman Catholic. There are 122 parishes in the archdiocese.

The current archbishop is Heiner Koch, formerly Bishop of Dresden, who was appointed by Pope Francis on Monday, 8 June 2015, to replace Rainer Maria Cardinal Woelki, who had earlier been named Archbishop of Cologne.
Wu Yili
Wu Yili (Chinese: 巫漪丽; 1931 – 20 April 2019), also known as Elaine Yi-Li Wu, was a Chinese-Singaporean classical pianist. A member of the first generation of Chinese pianists, she served as the first solo pianist of the China National Symphony Orchestra and arranged the piano accompaniment for the Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto. After suffering persecution during the Cultural Revolution, she moved to the United States before settling in Singapore. Following the release of two acclaimed albums in her old age, she was rediscovered by Chinese music lovers and became a social media sensation in her 80s.

China National Symphony Orchestra
The China National Symphony Orchestra (Chinese: 中国国家交响乐团; pinyin: Zhōngguó Guójiā Jiāoxiǎng Yuètuán; abbreviated CNSO) is China's national orchestra.

It was founded as the Central Philharmonic Orchestra of China (CPOC) in 1956 under the baton of the conductor Li Delun. In 1996, it was restructured and renamed the China National Symphony Orchestra.

Xia Guan is the orchestra's executive director. The orchestra's principal conductor is Michel Plasson, principal resident conductor is Xincao Li, Muhai Tang is the conductor laureate and En Shao is the principal guest conductor.