hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Claudio Teehankee
Claudio Ong Teehankee, CCLH (simplified Chinese: 郑建祥; traditional Chinese: 鄭建祥; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tī Kiàn-siông; April 18, 1918 – November 27, 1989) was the 16th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from 1986 to 1988.

He was also the most senior associate justice and chairman of the First Division of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.

Chief Justice of the Philippines
Chief Justice of the Philippines (Filipino: Punong  Mahistrado ng Pilipinas) is the title of the person who presides over the Supreme Court of the Philippines and who is the highest judicial officer of the government. 
As of April 5, 2021, the position is currently held by Alexander Gesmundo, who was appointed by then president Rodrigo Duterte following the early retirement of his predecessor, Diosdado Peralta, in March 2021.

The position of chief justice is the oldest major governmental office continually held by a Filipino. Cayetano Arellano became the first chief justice on June 11, 1901, predating the presidency and vice presidency (established in 1935), the Senate (1916, or September 1, 1901 if counting the Taft Commission), and the House of Representatives (1907, as the Philippine Assembly).
Janet Stewart, Lady Fleming
Janet Stewart, Lady Fleming (17 July 1502 – 20 February 1562), called la Belle Écossaise (French for 'the Beautiful Scotswoman'), was a Scottish courtier. She was an illegitimate daughter of King James IV of Scotland who served as governess to her half-niece Mary, Queen of Scots. Janet was briefly a mistress of King Henry II of France, by whom she had a legitimated son: Henri d'Angoulême. Her daughter, Mary Fleming, was one of the young queen's "Four Marys".

Mary Fleming
Mary Fleming (/ˈflɛmɪŋ/; also spelled Marie Flemyng; 1542 – after 1584) was a Scottish noblewoman and childhood companion and cousin of Mary, Queen of Scots. She and three other ladies-in-waiting (Mary Livingston, Mary Beaton and Mary Seton) were collectively known as "The Four Marys". A granddaughter of James IV of Scotland, she married the queen's renowned secretary, Sir William Maitland of Lethington.
Madison station (Chicago and North Western Railway)
Madison station is a former railroad station in Madison, Wisconsin. The station served passenger and freight trains of the Chicago and North Western Railway (C&NW). Passenger service ended in 1965 and the passenger station and freight depot was bought by Madison Gas and Electric (MGE) and has been renovated to serve as offices. The station and freight depot are listed as contributing properties on the National Register of Historic Places East Wilson Street Historic District. The Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad (commonly known as the Milwaukee Road) had tracks paralleling the C&NW and also had a nearby passenger station that outlasted the C&NW station as an active station by several years.

Franklin Street station (Wisconsin)
The Franklin Street station, also known as East Madison station, was a Milwaukee Road station. It was located at 501 East Wilson Street, one block west from the C&NW station. The first station on the site was built in 1869.: 124  This was replaced with a 1886 structure in a Victorian Gothic style, to compete with the new C&NW station. It served trains from Madison to Portage and Milwaukee, including the On Wisconsin. The station was demolished in 1952, and all Milwaukee Road passenger service shifted to the still-standing West Madison station.
Mohmand Rifles
The Mohmand Rifles is a paramilitary regiment forming part of the Frontier Corps Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (North) in Pakistan. The name alludes to the Mohmand tribe and the Mohmand Agency. The regiment had a 2020/21 budget of Rs. 2.1 billion and is composed of a headquarters wing with seven battalion-sized manoeuvre wings.

Mohmand District
Mohmand District (Pashto: مومندو ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع مہمند) is a district in Peshawar Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. Until 2018, it was an agency of Federally Administered Tribal Areas, with merger of FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it became a district. It was created as an agency in 1951. Mohmand is bordered by Bajaur District to the north, Khyber District to the south, Malakand and Charsadda districts to the east and Peshawar District to the southeast.

Mr. Muhammad Yasir Hassan is the current Deputy Commissioner of Mohmand District.
Holocaust uniqueness debate
The assertion that the Holocaust was a unique event in human history was important to the historiography of the Holocaust, but it has come under increasing criticism in the twenty-first century. Related claims include the assertion that the Holocaust is external to history, beyond human understanding, a civilizational rupture (German: Zivilisationsbruch), and something that should not be compared to other historical events. Uniqueness approaches to the Holocaust also coincide with the view that antisemitism is not another form of racism and prejudice but is eternal and teleologically culminates in the Holocaust, a frame that is preferred by proponents of Zionist narratives.

Holocaust studies
Holocaust studies, or sometimes Holocaust research, is a scholarly discipline that encompasses the historical research and study of the Holocaust. Institutions dedicated to Holocaust research investigate the multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary aspects of Holocaust methodology, demography, sociology, and psychology. It also covers the study of Nazi Germany, World War II, Jewish history, antisemitism, religion, Christian-Jewish relations, Holocaust theology, ethics, social responsibility, and genocide on a global scale. Exploring trauma, memories, and testimonies of the experiences of Holocaust survivors, human rights, international relations, Jewish life, Judaism, and Jewish identity in the post-Holocaust world are also covered in this type of research.
Lowebow
A lowebow is a variation of the cigar box guitar, created by John Lowe in the 1990s. It involves a cigar box with two wooden rods projecting from it. Each wooden rod typically holds one string: a bass string attached to one rod and a standard acoustic guitar string attached to the other. This allows the player to pluck a one-string bass and a one-string guitar at the same time. Each of the two strings has its own electric pickup that feeds into an amplifier. Some variations contain multiple strings on the treble neck, similar to standard cigar box guitars. There are many different models of Lowebow guitars available from John, but they are commonly now made with one bass string and three guitar strings.  The lowebow was created with the one-man band in mind.

Cigar box guitar
The cigar box guitar is a simple chordophone that uses an empty cigar box as a resonator. The earliest had one or two strings; modern models typically have three or more. Generally, the strings are connected to the end of a broomstick or a 1×2 inch wood slat and to the cigar box resonator.
Tamda Ghumar
The Tamda Ghumar Waterfalls (Hindi: तामड़ा घूमड़) is a seasonal and natural waterfall located at around 45 kilometres (28 mi) to the west of Jagdalpur, in Bastar district in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. It is very close to Chitrakote and Mendri Ghumar Waterfalls.

Mendri Ghumar
The Mendri Ghumar Waterfalls (Hindi: मेंद्री घूमर) is a seasonal and natural waterfall located at around 44 kilometres (27 mi) to the west of Jagdalpur, in Bastar district in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. It is very close to Chitrakote and Tamda Ghumar Waterfalls.
Prince Kuni Kuniyoshi
Kuniyoshi, Prince Kuni (久邇宮邦彦王, Kuni-no-miya Kuniyoshi ō; 23 June 1873 – 27 January 1929) was a member of the Japanese imperial family and a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army during the Meiji and Taishō periods. He was the father of Empress Kōjun (who in turn was the consort of the Emperor Hirohito), and therefore, the maternal grandfather of Emperor Emeritus Akihito and great-grandfather of Emperor Naruhito.

Empress Nagako
Nagako (良子; 6 March 1903 – 16 June 2000), posthumously honoured as Empress Kōjun (香淳皇后, Kōjun Kōgō), was a member of the Imperial House of Japan, the wife of Emperor Hirohito and the mother of Emperor Emeritus Akihito. She served as Empress of Japan from 1926 until her husband's death in 1989, making her the longest-serving empress consort in Japanese history.
Mid-West Region, Ireland
The Mid-West is a strategic planning area within the Southern Region in Ireland. It is a NUTS Level III statistical region of Ireland (coded IE051). It consists of the counties of Clare and Tipperary, and the city and county of Limerick. Limerick City is the economic centre of the region. It spans 10,511 km2, 14.95% of the total area of the state and as of the 2022 census, it had a population of 505,369.

Southern Region, Ireland
Southern Region of Ireland is a subdivision of Ireland as defined by the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS). It is one of the three classified NUTS-2 statistical regions of Ireland. The region incorporates the southern parts of the country, and incorporates ten counties across the Mid-West, South-East, and South-West regions. With a population of nearly 1.8 million,it is the second most populated of the three regions of Ireland. And with a high HDI, the region is classified as one of the more developed regions in the European Union.
Karl Menninger
Karl Augustus Menninger (July 22, 1893 – July 18, 1990) was an American psychiatrist, author, and activist. He was a member of the Menninger family of psychiatrists who founded the Menninger Foundation and the Menninger Clinic in Topeka, Kansas.

He wrote many books including The Human Mind (1930), Man Against Himself (1938), Love Against Hate (1942), The Vital Balance (1963) and The Crime of Punishment (1968). During his life he advocated for a number of causes including children suffering from abuse or neglect, Native Americans, women's rights, prisoners, the elderly, the environment, wildlife, and against nuclear weapons.

Despite being one of the most famous psychiatrists during his time, he was an outsider to mainstream psychiatry, calling the DSM-II a modern "Witches Hammer Manual."

Menninger Foundation
The Menninger Foundation was founded in 1919 by the Menninger family in Topeka, Kansas.  The Menninger Foundation, known locally as Menninger's, consists of a clinic, a sanatorium, and a school of psychiatry, all of which bear the Menninger name.  Menninger's consisted of a campus at 5800 S.W. 6th Avenue in Topeka, Kansas which included a pool as well as the other aforementioned buildings. In 2003, the Menninger Clinic moved to Houston. The foundation was started in 1919 by Dr. Charles F. Menninger and his sons, Drs. Karl and William Menninger. It represented the first group psychiatry practice. "We had a vision," Dr. C. F. Menninger said, "of a better kind of medicine and a better kind of world."
Gowanus Memorial Artyard
40°40′22″N 73°59′50″W﻿ / ﻿40.67290°N 73.99712°W﻿ / 40.67290; -73.99712

The Gowanus Memorial Artyard was a nonprofit, artist-organized group that put together massive outdoor and indoor art exhibitions in Gowanus, Brooklyn, New York City in the early 1980s. Founded by artists and curators Michael Keene, Frank Shifreen,  and George Moore, the shows featured monumental sculpture parks next to the Gowanus Canal. The two major shows attracted thousands of visitors during their brief runs in 1981 and 1982. The participants artists such as Carl Andre, Andy Warhol-sponsored Keith Haring, Christo, Linda and Terry Jamison, Vito Acconci, Nancy Holt,  John Fekner, the controversial Chris Burden, sculptor Jim Nickel, and Fred Wilson.

Gowanus, Brooklyn
Gowanus (/ɡəˈwɑːnəs/ gə-WAH-nəs) is a neighborhood in the northwestern portion of the New York City borough of Brooklyn, within the area once known as South Brooklyn. The neighborhood is part of Brooklyn Community District 6. Gowanus is bounded by Wyckoff Street on the north, Fourth Avenue on the east, the Gowanus Expressway to the south, and Bond Street to the west.
Talang (Swedish TV series)
Talang, formerly named Talang Sverige (pronounced [taˈlaŋː ˈsvæ̌rjɛ]; lit. 'Talent Sweden') in 2014, is the Swedish version of the Got Talent series show where singers, dancers, comedians, variety acts and other performers compete against each other for audience support and the prize money (1 million SEK in 2007 and 2014; 500,000 SEK between 2008 and 2011 and since 2017).

Talang Sverige 2014
Talang Sverige 2014 was the sixth season of Talang Sverige (previously named Talang), the Swedish version of Got Talent, as well as the show's first season under the name "Talang Sverige". It was broadcast between February 24, 2014, and May 18, 2014. It was the first season aired on TV3. June 19, 2013, following a two-year hiatus, TV3 announced that they had acquired the rights for the show and would broadcast the show in 2014. The show took place in larger arenas than previous seasons, allowing things like motor vehicles and bigger animals on the stage. Joik singer Jon Henrik Fjällgren was declared winner and walked away with 1 million SEK.
New People's Party of Korea
The New People's Party of Korea (Korean: 조선신민당; Hanja: 朝鮮新民黨) was a short-lived communist party in the People's Republic of Korea. It was formed on 16 February 1946 by Korean Communists who had been exiled in China, later known as the Yan'an faction. The New People's Party had more moderate positions in some issues compared with the Communist Party of Korea, therefore it was rather popular with a wide range of Korean people. The leader of the party was Kim Tu-bong.

Communist Party of Korea
The Communist Party of Korea (Korean: 조선공산당; Hanja: 朝鮮共產黨; MR: Chosŏn Kongsandang) was a communist party in Korea founded during a secret meeting in Seoul in 1925. The Governor-General of Korea had banned communist and socialist parties under the Peace Preservation Law so the party had to operate in a clandestine manner. The leaders of the party were Kim Yong-bom and Pak Hon-yong.

Kim Il Sung led the foundation of the Workers' Party of North Korea while Pak Hon-yong led the foundation of the Workers' Party of South Korea.
Akdepe District
37°57′00″N 58°23′00″E﻿ / ﻿37.95°N 58.38333°E﻿ / 37.95; 58.38333

Akdepe District (Turkmen: Akdepe etraby, Акдепе этрабы) is a district of Daşoguz Province in Turkmenistan. The administrative center of the district is the town of Akdepe.

On 9 November 2022 by decree of the Turkmen parliament Gurbansoltan Eje District was abolished and its territory transferred to this district.

Daşoguz Region
41°0′N 58°30′E﻿ / ﻿41.000°N 58.500°E﻿ / 41.000; 58.500

Daşoguz Region (Turkmen: Daşoguz welaýaty; formerly Daşhowuz) is one of the regions of Turkmenistan.  It is in the north of the country, bordering Uzbekistan. The area of the province is 73,430 square kilometers, and the total population is 1,550,354 (2022 census).  The capital is Daşoguz.

The region is mostly desert, and is experiencing severe environmental degradation as a result of the Aral Sea ecological catastrophe. Increased soil salinity has ruined thousands of square kilometers of farmland.

The region contains the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Köneürgenç and the archaeological site, Butentau.
Catherine of Pomerania, Countess Palatine of Neumarkt
Catherine of Pomerania (German: Katharina von Pommern; c. 1390 – 4 March 1426), was a Pomeranian princess, and a Countess Palatine of Neumarkt as the wife of John, Count Palatine of Neumarkt, and the mother of Christopher of Bavaria, king of the Kalmar Union.

Christopher of Bavaria
Christopher of Bavaria (Danish and Norwegian: Christoffer; Swedish: Kristofer; 26 February 1416 – 5/6 January 1448) was King of Denmark (1440–48, as Christopher III), Sweden (1441–48) and Norway (1442–48) during the era of the Kalmar Union. He ruled after the Kalmar Union's King Erik of Pomerania was deposed. Early in his reign he put down two peasant rebellions in Funen and Jutland. He was disliked by the Swedish nobles, as they pointed to his inability to manage harvest failures and to stop Erik's plundering. They also questioned his foreign background.
The Story of the Stone (Hughart novel)
The Story of the Stone (Chinese: 石頭記; pinyin: Shítóu jì) is a novel by Barry Hughart, first published in 1988. It is part of a series set in a version of ancient China that began with Bridge of Birds and continues with Eight Skilled Gentlemen. The story begins on the twelfth day of the seventh moon in the Year of the Snake 3,339 (AD 650).

Bridge of Birds
Bridge of Birds is a fantasy novel by Barry Hughart, first published in 1984. It is the first of three novels in The Chronicles of Master Li and Number Ten Ox series. The original draft of Bridge of Birds is included in a special slipcased version of the omnibus collection, The Chronicles of Master Li and Number Ten Ox, released by Subterranean Press in 2008.

Hughart called the novel "a modern version of a classical form of Chinese novel, which was an underground Taoist form designed to fight back against Confucians. Confucians liked to castrate people who fought the establishment. Without mentioning names, the Taoists could use real emperors and real power structure in a fantasy form."
Sigramnus, Count of Hesbaye
Sigramnus (Sigrand) The only knowledge available on Sigramnus is through his son, the Bishop of Metz, and grandson Ingerman of Hesbaye, father of Ermengard, wife of Louis the Pious. Sigramnus is known to have been an early supporter of Charles Martel, before the Battle of Amblève.

Sigramnus married Landrada.

They had:

Saint Chrodegang, Bishop of Metz (d 766.)

Gundeland, monk at Gorze (d 778 or 9.)

Son, name unknown, father of Ingerman, Count of Hesbaye.

Previous histories have portrayed Sigramnus as the husband of the daughter of Charles Martel, but this has been largely discredited.

Ingerman, Count of Hesbaye
Ingerman (Ingram, Enguerrand) (c. 750-818), was a Frankish noble — a count in the Hesbaye region, and son of a brother of Saint Chrodegang, the Bishop of Metz. He was therefore grandson of Sigramnus, another count in the Hesbaye.
Chicksands
Chicksands is a village in the civil parish of Campton and Chicksands in the Central Bedfordshire district of Bedfordshire, England. It gives its name to MOD Chicksands, a military base which was developed from the 1930s on the Chicksands Priory estate. The village is on the River Flit and lies immediately west of the town of Shefford. At the 2021 census the Chicksands built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which excludes part of the MOD Chicksands base) had a population of 731. The wider parish of Campton and Chicksands, which also includes the village of Campton, had a population of 1,895.

MOD Chicksands
Ministry of Defence Chicksands, or more simply MOD Chicksands, is a tri-service British Armed Forces facility in Bedfordshire, approximately 35 miles (56 km) north of London. It is named after Chicksands Priory, a 12th-century Gilbertine monastery located within the perimeter of the camp.

The site was formerly RAF Chicksands, which closed in 1997, handing over control of the site to the British Army. Today, the Defence Intelligence Training Group (DITG) is based at MOD Chicksands, and is the Headquarters of the Intelligence Corps.

The base will close and be disposed of in 2031.
Home Nations Series
The Home Nations Series (officially the BetVictor Home Nations Series for sponsorship reasons) is a series of ranking snooker tournaments organised by the World Snooker Tour, held throughout the season in each of the four home nations in the United Kingdom under the names of English Open, Welsh Open, Scottish Open and Northern Ireland Open. The series was devised in 2015 by Barry Hearn, the chairman of the tour at the time, and started its first edition during the 2016–17 snooker season.

The series features an inclusion of two wildcard spots for the local amateur players in each event, selected by the respective national governing bodies. The best-performing player of the series is entitled to the Home Nations Bonus (BetVictor Bonus), a £150,000 bonus prize awarded on top of the player's winnings. Jack Lisowski is the current series champion.

Northern Ireland Open (snooker)
The Northern Ireland Open is a professional ranking snooker tournament held in Belfast as part of the four-event Home Nations Series. The players compete for the Alex Higgins Trophy, named for the late two-time world champion who was born and raised in Belfast. The inaugural edition of the tournament was held in 2016 and was won by Mark King. The reigning champion is Jack Lisowski.
Manualism
Manualism, also known as the French Method, is a method of education of deaf students using sign language within the classroom. Manualism arose in the late 18th century with the advent of free public schools for the deaf in Europe. These teaching methods were brought over to the United States where the first school for the deaf was established in 1817. Today manualism methods are used in conjunction with oralism methods in the majority of American deaf schools.

Deaf education
Deaf education is the education of students with any degree of hearing loss or deafness. This may involve, but does not always, individually-planned, systematically-monitored teaching methods, adaptive materials, accessible settings, and other interventions designed to help students achieve a higher level of self-sufficiency and success in the school and community than they would achieve with a typical classroom education. There are different language modalities used in educational setting where students get varied communication methods. A number of countries focus on training teachers to teach deaf students with a variety of approaches and have organizations to support and advocate for deaf students.
Maldon
Maldon (/ˈmɔːldən/, locally /ˈmɒldən/) is a town and civil parish on the Blackwater Estuary in Essex, England. It is the seat of the Maldon District and starting point of the Chelmer and Blackwater Navigation. It is known for Maldon Sea Salt which is produced in the area. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 14,938, and the Maldon built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics, which extends beyond the parish boundary to also take in Heybridge to the north, had a population of 23,380.

Maldon District
Maldon District is a local government district in Essex, England. The district is managed by Maldon District Council, which is based in Maldon, the largest town in the district. The district also includes the town of Burnham-on-Crouch and numerous villages, including Heybridge, Wickham Bishops, Southminster, Tolleshunt D'Arcy and Tollesbury. The district covers the Dengie peninsula to the south of Maldon and the Thurstable Hundred area to the north of the Blackwater Estuary, a total area of 358.78 km2.

The majority of people live in the small rural villages, many of which have their origins in connections with the coast or agricultural economy. The district has a long association with sailing, as is referenced in the council's logo.
Kerkennah Islands
Kerkennah Islands (Tunisian Arabic: قرقنة qarqnaⓘ; Ancient Greek: Κέρκιννα [Kérkinna]; Spanish: Querquenes) are a group of islands lying off the east coast of Tunisia in the Gulf of Gabès and to the east of Sfax, at 34°42′N 11°11′E﻿ / ﻿34.700°N 11.183°E﻿ / 34.700; 11.183. The Islands are low-lying, being no more than 13 metres (43 feet) above sea level. The main islands are Chergui and Gharbi. The archipelago has an area of 160 square kilometres (62 sq mi) and a population of 15,501 (2014).

Sfax
Sfax (/s(ə)ˈfæks/ s(ə-)FAKS; Arabic: صفاقس, romanized: Ṣafāqis, Tunisian Arabic: [ˈsˤfaːqəs] ⓘ) is a major port city in Tunisia, located 270 km (170 mi) southeast of Tunis. The city, founded in AD 849 on the ruins of Taparura, is the capital of the Sfax Governorate (about 955,421 inhabitants in 2014), and a Mediterranean port. Sfax has a population of 341,999 (census 2022). Its main industries include phosphate, olive and nut processing, fishing (it is the largest fishing port in Tunisia) and international trade. The city is the second-most populous in the country after the capital, Tunis.