hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
De Hoge Veluwe National Park
De Hoge Veluwe National Park (Dutch pronunciation: [də ˈɦoːɣə ˈveːlyʋə]; "The High Veluwe") is a Dutch national park in the province of Gelderland near the cities of Ede, Wageningen, Arnhem and Apeldoorn. It is approximately 55 km2 (14,000 acres; 21 sq mi) in area, consisting of heathlands, sand dunes, and woodlands.  It is situated in the Veluwe, the area of the largest terminal moraine in the Netherlands. Most of the landscape of the park and the Veluwe was created during the last ice age. The alternating sand dune areas and heathlands may have been caused by human utilization of the surrounding lands. The park forms one of the largest continuous nature reserves in the Netherlands.

Arnhem
Arnhem (Dutch: [ˈɑrnɛm] ⓘ or [ˈɑr(ə)nɦɛm] ⓘ; German: Arnheim [ˈaʁnhaɪm] ⓘ; Ernems: Èrnem) is a city and municipality situated in the eastern part of the Netherlands, near the German border. It is the capital of the province of Gelderland, located on both banks of the rivers Nederrijn and Sint-Jansbeek, which was the source of the city's development.

Arnhem is home to the Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen, ArtEZ Institute of the Arts, Netherlands Open Air Museum, Airborne Museum 'Hartenstein', Royal Burgers' Zoo, NOC*NSF and National Sports Centre Papendal. The north corner of the municipality is part of the Hoge Veluwe National Park. It is approximately 55 square kilometres (21 sq mi) in area, consisting of heathlands, sand dunes, and woodlands.
Canal Street station (IND Eighth Avenue Line)
The Canal Street station (formerly Canal Street–Holland Tunnel) is an express station on the IND Eighth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Canal Street, Vestry Street, and Sixth Avenue (Avenue of the Americas) in Lower Manhattan, it is served by the A and E trains at all times, and the C train at all times except late nights. There is also a New York City Police Department (NYPD) transit precinct at the station.

Canal Street (Manhattan)
Canal Street (Chinese: 堅尼街) is a major east–west street in Lower Manhattan, New York City, United States, running over 1 mile (1.6 km) from East Broadway between Essex and Jefferson Streets in the east, to West Street between Watts and Spring Streets in the west.  It runs through the neighborhood of Chinatown, and forms the southern boundaries of SoHo and Little Italy as well as the northern boundary of Tribeca.  The street acts as a major connector between Jersey City, New Jersey, via the Holland Tunnel (I-78), and Brooklyn in New York City via the Manhattan Bridge.  It is a two-way street for most of its length, with two unidirectional stretches between Forsyth Street and the Manhattan Bridge.

Canal Street follows the path of underground waterworks that had been built in the early 19th century to drain a series of marshy and eventually sewage-filed ponds, including Collect Pond.
Fine to Flush
Fine to Flush was a certification for flushable wet wipes in the United Kingdom. Wet wipes that met certain criteria deemed capable of breaking down in the sewerage systems were allowed to have the text "Fine to Flush" on their packaging. It was introduced in 2019 by Water UK in response to the problem of consumers flushing non-flushable wet wipes down the toilet, despite often being labelled as "flushable", which contributed to the creation of fatbergs and sewer blockages. Products labelled as "Fine to Flush" were tested to make sure they did not contribute to these issues.

The "Fine to Flush" labelling was criticised for confusing consumers, suggesting that they could flush too many wipes down the toilet at once, and suggesting that they could flush non-flushable wipes. The labelling was discontinued in 2024 and replaced by a Water UK campaign to "Bin the Wipe".

Wet wipe
A wet wipe, also known as a wet towel, wet one, moist towelette, disposable wipe, disinfecting wipe, or a baby wipe (in specific circumstances) is a small to medium-sized moistened piece of plastic or cloth that either comes folded and individually wrapped for convenience or, in the case of dispensers, as a large roll with individual wipes that can be torn off. Wet wipes are used for cleaning purposes like personal hygiene and household cleaning; each is a separate product depending on the chemicals added and medical or office cleaning wipes are not intended for skin hygiene.

In 2013, owing to increasing sales of the product in affluent countries, Consumer Reports reported that efforts to make the wipes "flushable" down the toilet had not entirely succeeded, according to their test.
Stokłosy
Stokłosy (Polish: [stɔˈkwɔ.sɘ̟]) is a neighbourhood in Warsaw, Poland, located within the district of Ursynów, in the City Information System area of North Ursynów. It is a residential area, consisting of the highrise multifamily housing.

It was constructed in 1977, together with Jary, as the neighbourhoods of the North Ursynów residential area. In 1992, there was opened the Vistula University, which is one of the oldest, and one of the leading private universities in Poland. In 1995, in Stokłosy were opened two stations of the M1 line of the Warsaw Metro rapid transit underground system, which are Ursynów, and Stokłosy.

Jary, Warsaw
Jary (Polish: [ˈja.rɘ̟]) is a neighbourhood in Warsaw, Poland, located within the district of Ursynów, in the City Information System of North Ursynów.

The area was incorporated into the city of Warsaw in 1951. Jary was constructed between 1971 and 1977, together with Stokłosy, as neighbourhoods of the North Ursynów residential area. Within the boundaries of Jary were also constructed a few smaller neighbourhoods. They were: Koński Jar-Nutki between 1971 and 1977, Surowieckiego 2, 4, 6, 8 between 1986 and 1996, and the Neighbourhood of Techniczna Construction and Housing Association between 1993 and 1999.

Jary mostly consists of highrise multifamily housing. There are located two urban parks, the John Paul II Park, and Roman Kozłowski Park. Additionally, there are two stations the Warsaw Metro rapid transit underground system, which are, the Ursynów station, and the Stokłosy station.
Parle Tilak Vidyalaya Association
Parle Tilak Vidyalaya Association (also known as PTVA) is an educational institution in Vile Parle, Mumbai, India. It consists of five schools - the PTV English Medium School, the PTV Marathi Medium Secondary School, the PTV Marathi Medium Primary School, Paranjape Vidyalaya and the Parle Tilak School ICSE. It is renowned for its cricket team.The school participates in various sports. It has completed over 100 years in the year 2021.

Parle Tilak Vidyalaya English Medium School
Parle Tilak Vidyalaya English Medium School (PTVEMS) is an English-medium school located in Vile Parle East in Mumbai, India. It is one of the most premier and reputed schools of Mumbai. The school has Primary and Secondary Sections. The school is part of the Parle Tilak Vidyalaya Association, which runs a number of schools and colleges mainly in Vile Parle, Andheri and Mulund.
Shimsky District
Shimsky District (Russian: Ши́мский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast and borders with Batetsky District in the north, Novgorodsky District in the northeast, Starorussky District in the southeast, Volotovsky District in the south, Soletsky District in the southwest, Strugo-Krasnensky and Plyussky Districts, both of Pskov Oblast, in the west, and with Luzhsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,836 square kilometers (709 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Shimsk. Population: 11,750 (2010 census); 13,312 (2002 Census); 13,477 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Shimsk accounts for 33.1% of the district's total population.

Novgorodsky District
Novgorodsky District (Russian: Новгородский район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Tosnensky District of Leningrad Oblast in the north, Chudovsky District in the northeast, Malovishersky District in the east, Krestetsky District in the southeast, Shimsky District in the southwest, Batetsky District in the west, and with Luzhsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the northwest. In the south, the district is limited by Lake Ilmen. The area of the district is 4,600 square kilometers (1,800 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Veliky Novgorod (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 57,673 (2010 census); 58,622 (2002 Census); 55,491 (1989 Soviet census). In terms of both area and population, this is the largest district in Novgorod Oblast.
Convent Van Maerlant
The Convent Van Maerlant (French: Couvent Van Maerlant; Dutch: Van Maerlantklooster) is a former convent which consists of a church and the Chapel of the Resurrection on the Rue Van Maerlant/Van Maerlantstraat in Brussels, Belgium. It is named after Jacob van Maerlant, a famous medieval Flemish poet.

The original chapel was built in 1435 in the authority of a papal bull, and was renovated in the 1780s. The convent of the Sisters of Perpetual Adoration itself was converted from a ducal town house in the early 1850s. In 1905, a compulsory purchase order for land for Brussels-Central railway station was made on the Rue des Sols/Stuiversstraat, and this included the convent. As a result, a virtually identical chapel was built, which survived for another 45 years, only to finally be demolished in 1955. Falling vocations meant the convent was closed in the early 1980s, and after standing derelict for nearly 20 years, it was acquired to become the central library of the European Commission.

Chapel of the Resurrection, Brussels
The Chapel of the Resurrection (French: Chapelle de la Résurrection; Dutch: Verrijzeniskapel), or the Chapel for Europe (French: Chapelle pour l'Europe; Dutch: Europakapel), is a Catholic church with an ecumenical vocation located in the heart of the Brussels' European Quarter (City of Brussels municipality), next to the former Convent Van Maerlant.

A precursor of this church, which dated back to the 15th century, was situated in the city centre, but demolished in the course of urban development in 1907. Instead, a replica, externally true to the original, was built at its present location. In 2001, after substantial renovation, the church received its present name and took on its present ecumenical character.
Exposition Park (urban park)
Exposition Park is a 160-acre  urban park (65 ha) in the south region of Los Angeles, California, in the Exposition Park neighborhood.  Bounded by Exposition Boulevard to the north, South Figueroa Street to the east, Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard to the south and Vermont Avenue  to the west, it is directly south of the main campus of the University of Southern California.

The park was established in 1872 as an agricultural fairground, the park is now notable for containing several significant museums and sports venues, such as the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, BMO Stadium, the California Science Center, the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, and the California African American Museum.

The park is a public open space, managed by the Sixth District Agricultural Association.   It has served as the Olympic Park on two occasions (1932, 1984) and will again in 2028.

Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County
The Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County is a museum located in Exposition Park in Los Angeles, next to the California Science Center. It is the largest natural and historical museum in the Western United States, with a collection of nearly 35 million specimens and artifacts covering 4.5 billion years of history. This large collection consists of not only specimens for exhibition but also vast research collections housed on and offsite.

The museum is associated with two other museums in Greater Los Angeles: the Page Museum at the La Brea Tar Pits in Hancock Park and the William S. Hart Ranch and Museum in Newhall. The three museums work together to achieve their common mission: "to inspire wonder, discovery, and responsibility for our natural and cultural worlds".
Ministry of Defense (Soviet Union)
The Ministry of Defense (Minoboron; Russian: Министерство обороны СССР) was a government ministry in the Soviet Union, which supervised the Soviet Armed Forces. The first Minister of Defense was Nikolai Bulganin, starting in 1953.

Ministries of the Soviet Union
The Ministries of the Soviet Union (Russian: Министерства СССР) were the government ministries of the Soviet Union.

After the Russian Revolution of 1917 the previous bureaucratic apparatus of bourgeois ministers was replaced by People's Commissariats (Russian: народных комиссариатов; Narkom), staffed by new employees drawn from workers and peasants. On 15 March 1946 the people's commissariats were transformed into ministries. The name change had no practical effects, other than restoring a designation previously considered a leftover of the bourgeois era. The collapse of the ministry system was one of the main causes behind the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

State Committees were also subordinated to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union and had similar powers and rights.
Thug Life (group)
Thug Life was an American hip hop group that consisted of 2Pac, Big Syke, Mopreme,  Macadoshis, and The Rated R. They released one album, 1994's Thug Life, Volume I, before disbanding in 1995.

Tupac Shakur, Mopreme Shakur and Big Syke later became members of the Outlawz.

Outlawz
Outlawz was an American hip-hop group founded by Tupac Shakur (Makaveli) and Yafeu Fula (Yaki Kadafi) in 1995. The group's core members originally performed under the names Thoro Headz and Young Thugz, first gaining recognition for their guest appearance on Shakur's 1993 track "Flex", which served as the B-side of his single "Holler If Ya Hear Me".

By 1995, the group had reorganized as Dramacydal. Under this name, they were featured on the tracks "Me Against the World" and "Outlaw" from Shakur's third studio album, Me Against the World. Following Shakur's release from prison in late 1995, the group was officially rebranded as the Outlaw Immortalz.
Armillaria mellea
Armillaria mellea, commonly known as honey fungus, is an edible basidiomycete fungus in the genus Armillaria. It is a plant pathogen and part of a cryptic species complex of closely related and morphologically similar species. It causes Armillaria root rot in many plant species and produces mushrooms around the base of trees it has infected. The symptoms of infection appear in the crowns of infected trees as discoloured foliage, reduced growth, dieback of the branches and death. The mycelium is capable of producing light via bioluminescence.

The mushroom is widely distributed in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It typically grows on hardwoods but may be found around and on other living and dead wood or in open areas.

Armillaria
Armillaria is a genus of fungi that includes the A. mellea species ('honey fungus') that live on trees and woody shrubs. It includes about 10 species formerly categorized summarily as A. mellea. Armillaria sp. are long-lived and form the largest living fungi in the world. The largest known specimen (an A. ostoyae) covers more than 3.4 square miles (8.8 km2) in Oregon and is estimated to be 2,500 years old. Some species of Armillaria display bioluminescence.

Armillaria can be a destructive forest pathogen. It causes "white rot" root disease. As it feeds on dead plant material, it can kill its host with little negative effect to itself.
Sarmi–Jayapura languages
The Sarmi–Jayapura languages consist of half a dozen languages spoken on the northern coast of Papua province of Indonesia:

Sobei, Bonggo, Tarpia (Sarmi), Kayupulau, Ormu, Tobati–Enggros (Jayapura Bay).

Ross (1988) had considered Sarmi and Jayapura Bay (Kayapulau, Orma and Tobati) to be separate but related groups. Ross (1988) listed several additional Sarmi languages:

Anus (Korur) and Podena, Liki, and Wakde (close to Sobei), Masimasi,  Kaptiau and Yamna.

The inclusion of a supposed Yarsun language appears to be due to confusion of language names with island names. No such language is attested; the island is located between that of the Anus and Podena languages, and all three islands are reported to speak dialects of a single language according to the first source to mention it.

With the exception of certain Micronesian languages, the Sarmi–Jayapura languages have the westernmost distribution out of all Oceanic languages.

Tobati language
Tobati, or Yotafa, is an Austronesian language within the Oceanic branch, from the Sarmi–Jayapura subfamily, in Jayapura bay in Papua province, Indonesia. Notably, Tobati displays a very rare object–subject–verb word order.

Tobati was once thought to be a Papuan language because as recently as 1952, it had a characteristically Papuan subject–object–verb word order.
Type 90 75 mm field gun
The Type 90 75 mm field gun (九〇式野砲, Kyūmaru-shiki yahō) was a field gun used by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War, Soviet-Japanese Border Wars and World War II. The Type 90 designation was given to this gun as it was accepted in the year 2590 of the Japanese calendar (1930). It was intended to replace the Type 38 75 mm field gun in front line combat units, but due to operational and budgetary constraints, the Type 38 continued to be used.

Type 38 75 mm field gun
The Type 38 75 mm field gun (三八式野砲, Sanhachi-shiki yahō) was a 1905 German design which was purchased by the Empire of Japan as the standard field gun of the Imperial Japanese Army at the end of the Russo-Japanese War. The Type 38 designation was given to this gun as it was accepted in the 38th year of Emperor Meiji's reign (1905).
Rouge River (Beaurivage River tributary)
The Rivière Rouge (in English: Red River) is a tributary of the west shore of Beaurivage River which is a tributary of the west bank of the Chaudière River (slope of the south bank of the St. Lawrence River). It flows in the municipalities of Saint-Agapit and Saint-Apollinaire in the Lotbinière Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Quebec, in Canada.

Beaurivage River
The Beaurivage River is a tributary of the Chaudière River which in turn flows into the St. Lawrence River.

The Beaurivage river crosses the Quebec municipalities (in Canada) of:

MRC Robert-Cliche Regional County Municipality: municipality of Saint-Séverin;

MRC La Nouvelle-Beauce Regional County Municipality: municipality of Saint-Elzéar;

MRC of Lotbinière Regional County Municipality: municipalities of Saint-Sylvestre, Saint-Patrice-de-Beaurivage and Saint-Gilles;

Lévis, a city.

The Beaurivage River is a river in Quebec that flows from Thetford Mines and empties in the Chaudière River, near Saint-Romuald, Quebec.  It is a body of water mostly known for its annual canoe race beginning at Saint-Patrice-de-Beaurivage, Quebec and finishing at Saint-Gilles, Quebec.
H with descender
H with descender (Ⱨ ⱨ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from H with the addition of a small descender. It was used in Uyghur to represent [h] (~ English h), while a regular H was used to represent [x] (~ German ch in ach).

This letter was in use from the early 1960s, when a Latin alphabet, the Uyghur New Script, was introduced for writing Uyghur to replace the Arabic script, until 1984–86 when the Latin alphabet was phased out and the official script was changed back to Arabic. The equivalent Arabic letter is ھ, while the Cyrillic equivalent is the shha (Һ һ).

The capital letter is homoglyphic to the Cyrillic letter en with descender (Ң ң) used in various Turkic languages, including Uyghur itself in its own Cyrillic alphabet. Its lowercase form is homoglyphic with the shha with descender used in the Tati and Juhuri languages, which represents the same sound as in Latin.

Shha with descender
Shha with descender (Ԧ ԧ; italics: Ԧ ԧ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter Shha (Һ һ Һ һ) by the addition of a descender to the right leg.

Shha with descender is used in the Cyrillic alphabets of the Tati and Juhuri languages, where it represents a voiced pharyngeal fricative.
Anushervon Rakhmanov
Anushervon Rakhmanov (Russian: Анушервон Рахманов; Tajik: Анушервон Раҳмонов 1995 – April 2, 2015) was a suspected Tajikistani-Russian serial killer who was linked to the murders of seven people, including a family of four, in Moscow between 2014 and 2015. Believed to be a copycat of Soviet criminal Vladimir Ionesyan, he was thusly nicknamed Mosgaz-2. He hanged himself at his jail cell in Matrosskaya Tishina before he could stand trial for the murders.

Copycat crime
A copycat crime is a criminal act that is modeled after or inspired by a previous crime. It notably occurs after exposure to media content depicting said crimes, and/or a live criminal model.

According to a study, copycat crime is a social phenomenon that persists and is prevalent enough to have an impact on the whole criminal landscape, primarily by influencing criminal tactics as opposed to criminal motive or the emergence of criminal traits.
North Tzoumerka
North Tzoumerka (Greek: Βόρεια Τζουμέρκα) is a municipality in the Ioannina regional unit, Epirus, Greece. The seat of the municipality is the village Pramanta. The municipality has an area of 358.334 km2. The municipality is named after the Tzoumerka mountains.

Pramanta
Pramanta (Greek: Πράμαντα) is a village and a former municipality in the Ioannina regional unit, Epirus, in northwestern Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality North Tzoumerka, of which it is a municipal unit. In 2021 its population was 1,514 for the community and 1,759 for the municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 69.058 km2 and the community 39.435 km2. Pramanta is situated in the Athamanika mountains, at about 840m elevation. It is 4 km west of Melissourgoi, 6 km north of Agnanta, 6 km south of Prosilio, 65 km southeast of Ioannina, 70 km northeast of Arta and 28 km south of Metsovo.
Mustard TV
Mustard TV was a local television station based in Norwich, Norfolk. It broadcast to over 400,000 people, covering Norwich and much of Norfolk reaching Cromer in the north of the county, Dereham to the west and parts of south Norfolk and north Suffolk. It was a wholly owned subsidiary of regional media group Archant and was one of 19 initial local TV stations awarded licences by UK broadcasting regulator Ofcom.

Mustard TV's original aim was to "redefine what people think of as local television".  The channel was named as a nod to the Colman family which manufactured mustard in Norwich, although there was no business connection. The production team and studios were at Archant's headquarters in Prospect House, Rouen Road in Norwich.

On 31 August 2017 Mustard TV broadcast its last show, having been sold to the That's TV group. The new owner said that it would not be employing the previous Mustard staff.

That's TV
That's TV is a British local free-to-air television channel in the United Kingdom, broadcasting via Sky, Freesat, Freeview, and Virgin Media, although only a small number of both local and national That's TV channels are available on Virgin Media.

That's TV started off as the owner of a number of local television licences in several conurbations, but even though some local news can still be found via these services, these channels simulcast the schedule of the national That's TV channel for most of the day, but with some variations.

That's Television Ltd is owned by That's Media Ltd, which is based at The Flint Glass Works in the Ancoats neighbourhood of Manchester.