hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gün Sazak
Gün Sazak (26 March 1932 – 27 May 1980) was a Turkish nationalist politician and former government minister of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP). He was assassinated by the Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front after his police guard was removed. After his killing, MHP supporters carried out the Çorum massacre in reprisal.

Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front
The Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front (Turkish: Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi or DHKP-C) is a Turkish Marxist–Leninist communist party in Turkey. It was founded in 1978 as Revolutionary Left (Turkish: Devrimci Sol or Dev Sol), and has been involved in a militant campaign against the Republic of Turkey since the 1980s. It was renamed in 1994 after factional infighting. It is classified as a terrorist group by Turkey, the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union and Japan.

In 1980, the group began targeting active and retired Turkish politicians and security and military personnel, including assassinating prime minister Nihat Erim on 19 July. By 1990, it broadened its activities to include attacks on foreign entities, specifically targeting U.S. military and diplomatic staff and installations.
Dyffryn Banw F.C.
Clwb Pel-Droed Dyffryn Banw Football Club are a Welsh football team who play at Cae Morfa, Llangadfan. The team play in the Central Wales Northern Division.

The club joined the Mid Wales Football League in 2008, and were relegated to Division Two in 2014. In 2021 the league restructured and they were placed in the Western Division despite being based in Montgomeryshire. It meant the club had to travel 584 miles for matches.

Central Wales Football League
The Central Wales Football League (formerly the Mid Wales Football League) is a football league in Wales at tier four of the Welsh Football pyramid, run by the Central Wales Football Association. The league consists of two regionally based divisions - a Northern Division and a Southern Division. The league offers a promotion route to the Football Association of Wales administered tier three Ardal Leagues. Relegation is possible to the relevant tier five level leagues in Aberystwyth, Ceredigion and Montgomeryshire.
R. H. Robins
Robert Henry Robins, FBA (1 July 1921 – 21 April 2000), affectionately known to his close ones as Bobby Robins, was a British linguist. Before his retirement, he spent his entire career at the Department of Phonetics and Linguistics at the School of Oriental and African Studies of the University of London.

Robin's work in linguistics covered several diverse areas, including Firthian prosodic analysis, endangered languages and the history of linguistic thought. He wrote two popular textbooks, General Linguistics: An Introductory Survey (1964) and A Short History of Linguistics (1967).

Vivien Law
Vivien Anne Law, Lady Shackleton, FBA (22 March 1954 – 19 February 2002) was a British linguist and academic, who specialised in grammar. Over her lifetime, she "acquired a grammatical knowledge of over a hundred languages". She spent all her academic career at the University of Cambridge.
Student financial aid in the United States
Student financial aid in the United States is funding that is available exclusively to students attending a post-secondary educational institution in the United States. This funding is used to assist in covering the many costs incurred in pursuing post-secondary education. Financial aid is available from federal and state governments, educational institutions, and private organizations. It can be awarded through grants, loans, work-study, and scholarships. To apply for federal financial aid, students must first complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA).

The financial aid process has been criticized for its part in enrollment management, whereby students are awarded money not based on merit or need, but on the maximum the student families will pay.

Federal Work-Study Program
The Federal Work-Study Program, originally called the College Work-Study Program and in the United States frequently referred to as just "Work-Study", is a federally funded program in the United States that assists students with the costs of post-secondary education. The Federal Work-Study Program helps students earn financial funding through a part-time employment program.  Approximately 3,400 institutions participate in the program.
Amy Lehpamer
Amy Lehpamer is an Australian musical theatre performer, known for her lead roles in stage productions of The Sound of Music, Dusty: The Musical and The Rocky Horror Show. She has also had television roles.

Dusty – The Original Pop Diva
Dusty – The Original Pop Diva is an Australian jukebox musical based on the life of Dusty Springfield. The book of the musical was written by John-Michael Howson, David Mitchell and Melvyn Morrow. Dusty received its world premiere on 12 January 2006 at the State Theatre of the Victorian Arts Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
Rainulf Drengot
Rainulf Drengot (also Ranulph, Ranulf, or Rannulf; c. 990 – June 1045) was a Norman adventurer and mercenary in southern Italy. In 1030 he became the first count of Aversa. He was a member of the Drengot family. The name Drengot is probably derived from old Norse *drengr ("a valiant, chivalrous man"; "one who is bold, or inexperienced; a lad, a boy"), cognate with Old English *dreng (“warrior; soldier”).

Asclettin, Count of Acerenza
Asclettin or Asketil was the first count of Acerenza, one of the twelve leaders of the Norman mercenaries of Guaimar IV of Salerno who conquered much of Apulia between 1038 and 1042. In the latter year, the division of the conquests twelvefold was made and Asclettin received his portion.

Asclettin arrived in 1016 with his older brothers Osmond and Gilbert. He was a member of the Drengot family and his brother Rainulf Drengot was the first Norman to hold any land in the south: he was the first count of Aversa. Rainulf was succeeded by Asclettin's son and namesake, Asclettin. Asclettin was also the father of Prince Richard I of Capua and Count Ranulf I of Caiazzo.
2019 Virginia Beach shooting
On May 31, 2019, a mass shooting occurred at a municipal building in the Princess Anne area of Virginia Beach, Virginia. The gunman, 40-year-old DeWayne Craddock, who was a disgruntled city employee, fatally shot 12 people and wounded four others before he was killed by responding police officers during an exchange of gunfire. It is the second-deadliest workplace shooting in U.S. history after the 1986 Edmond post office shooting and the deadliest mass shooting in Virginia since the 2007 Virginia Tech shooting.

Washington Navy Yard shooting
The Washington Navy Yard shooting occurred on September 16, 2013, when 34-year-old Aaron Alexis fatally shot 12 people and injured three others in a mass shooting at the headquarters of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA), inside the Washington Navy Yard, in southeast Washington, D.C. The attack took place in the Navy Yard's Building 197; it began around 8:16 a.m. EDT and ended when police killed Alexis around 9:25 a.m. It is the deadliest mass shooting in Washington, D.C. history, as well as the second deadliest mass murder on a U.S. military base, behind the 2009 Fort Hood shooting.
Vincenty's formulae
Vincenty's formulae are two related iterative methods used in geodesy to calculate the distance between two points on the surface of a spheroid, developed by Thaddeus Vincenty (1975a). They are based on the assumption that the figure of the Earth is an oblate spheroid, and hence are more accurate than methods that assume a spherical Earth, such as great-circle distance.

The first (direct) method computes the location of a point that is a given distance and azimuth (direction) from another point. The second (inverse) method computes the geographical distance and azimuth between two given points. They have been widely used in geodesy because they are accurate to within 0.5 mm (0.020 in) on the Earth ellipsoid.

Geographical distance
Geographical distance or geodetic distance is the distance measured along the surface of the Earth, or the shortest arc length.

The formulae in this article calculate distances between points which are defined by geographical coordinates in terms of latitude and longitude. This distance is an element in solving the second (inverse) geodetic problem.
Angelique Rockas
Angelique Rockas is an actress, producer and activist. Rockas founded the theatre company Internationalist Theatre in the UK with her patron Athol Fugard. The theatre featured multi-racial casts in classical plays."a historic example of theatre work addressing representation in the most valuable manner" As an actress Rockas`s work has been characterized by "her strong interpretation of roles".

Internationalist Theatre
Internationalist Theatre is a London theatre company founded by South African Greek actress Angelique Rockas in September 1980. The company was originally named New Internationalist Theatre, with an intention to pursue an internationalist approach in its choice of plays as well as "a multi-racial drama policy, with an even mix of performers drawn from different cultural groups", The Stage, April 1981.

The theatre has received coverage from stage papers around the world. It received charity status in 1986.
Lambrigg, Tharwa
Lambrigg is an historical property close to Tharwa in the Australian Capital Territory which is listed by the ACT Heritage Council as a place of historical significance. It was the residence of William James Farrer who made a major contribution to the wheat industry by developing a strain of wheat that was resistant to wheat rust. Lambrigg was the site where Farrer conducted his work on genetic selection for his wheat varieties.

William Farrer
William James Farrer (3 April 1845 – 16 April 1906) was a leading English Australian agronomist and plant breeder. Farrer is best remembered as the originator of the "Federation" strain of wheat, distributed in 1903. His work resulted in significant improvements in both the quality and crop yields of Australia's national wheat harvest, a contribution for which he earned the title 'father of the Australian wheat industry'.
Ganderbal
Ganderbal (Urdu pronunciation: [ɡɑːnd̪əɾbəl] ; Kashmiri pronunciation: [ɡaːnd̪arbal]) is a city and the headquarters of Ganderbal district in the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, in disputed Kashmir region. Ganderbal, known for its natural environment and scenery, has tourist sites like Sonamarg and Manasbal Lake, and the annual Amarnath Yatra pilgrimage also traverses through Ganderbal district.

Sonamarg
Sonamarg or Sonmarg (Urdu pronunciation: [soːnɑːməɾɡ]), known as Sonamarag (Kashmiri pronunciation: [sɔnɨmarɨɡ]; lit. 'meadow of gold') in Kashmiri, is a hill station located in the Ganderbal District of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is located about 62 kilometers from Ganderbal Town and 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of the capital city, Srinagar.
Andrew Reynolds (skateboarder)
Andrew Reynolds (born June 6, 1978) is an American professional skateboarder and musician. He is known for co-founding Baker Skateboards in 2000 with artist Jay Strickland,  and for his numerous high profile skating appearances.

Reynolds established Bakerboys Distribution with Erik Ellington and Jim Greco in 2007. Bakerboys Distribution provides distribution for closely related in-house skateboard companies such as Deathwish Skateboards and Shake Junt. He is also the head of design at Altamont Apparel. Reynolds primarily skates street. He has been called one of the most influential skaters of all time.

Besides his skateboarding career, Reynolds is a member of the garage rock band The Goat and the Occasional Others, which also consists of fellow skateboarder and photographer Atiba Jefferson.

Sole Technology
Sole Technology, Inc., known informally as Sole Tech, is an American footwear and apparel company, specializing in skate shoe design, production and distribution. The company is owned and operated by Pierre-André Senizergues, a former professional freestyle skateboarder. The company's headquarters are in Lake Forest, California, United States.
We Sure Can Love Each Other (album)
We Sure Can Love Each Other is a studio album by American country artist, Tammy Wynette. It was released on May 3, 1971 via Epic Records and was the eleventh studio album released in her career. The disc contained a total of 11 tracks, mixing new material with cover tunes. The title track was the only singles included and became a chart-topping country song in North America. The album itself also charted in the top ten of the American country albums chart and received positive reviews by critics.

We Sure Can Love Each Other (song)
"We Sure Can Love Each Other" is a song recorded American country music artist Tammy Wynette. It was released in February 1971 as the only single from her album of the same name. The song peaked at number 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in Canada. The song was written by Wynette, along with Billy Sherrill.
VEF Spidola
VEF Spidola (Latvian: VEF Spīdola, Russian: ВЭФ Спидола) was the first mass-produced transistor radio with short wave band in the Soviet Union (tube short wave receivers were produced for many years before). It was manufactured by the VEF factory in Riga, Latvia, since 1962. A small series under the name "Spidola" (Спидола ПМП-60) had been manufactured since 1960. It was named after the fictional witch Spīdola from the Latvian epic poem.

VEF
VEF, Latvian acronym for Valsts elektrotehniskā fabrika (State Electrotechnical Factory), was a manufacturer of electrical and electronic products in Riga, Latvia. It was founded in 1919. Before World War II, it manufactured a large variety of goods, including Minox — then the world's smallest camera. After the war, it was the leading communication technology producer in the Soviet Union and the largest factory in the Latvian SSR.
Weston, West Virginia
Weston is a city in and the county seat of Lewis County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 3,943 at the 2020 census. It is home to the Museum of American Glass in West Virginia and the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum.

Lewis County, West Virginia
Lewis County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,033. Its county seat is Weston. The county was formed in 1816 from Harrison County and named for Col. Charles Lewis (1733–1774), a Virginian killed in the Battle of Point Pleasant.
Santon, Isle of Man
Santon (Manx: Stondane), historically Santan, is one of the seventeen historic parishes of the Isle of Man.

It is located in the south-east of the island (part of the traditional South Side division) in the sheading of Middle.

Settlements in the parish include Newtown.

Middle (sheading)
Middle (Manx: Medall) is one of the six sheadings of the Isle of Man.

It is located on the east of the island (part of the traditional South Side division) and consists of the four historic parishes of Braddan, Marown, Onchan and Santon. Historically, from 1796 until 1986 Marown was in the sheading of Glenfaba, and before 1796 Onchan was in the sheading of Garff.

In addition to the current districts listed above, the sheading of Middle also includes the borough of Douglas, the capital and only city in the Isle of Man.

Other settlements in the sheading include Port Soderick, Strang, Tromode and Union Mills (all in the parish of Braddan), Braaid, Crosby and Glen Vine (all in the parish of Marown), and Newtown in the parish of Santon.

In 2021 the sheading of Middle (including Douglas) had a verified population of 40,089.
Phenotype (clinical medicine)
In a nosological sense, the term phenotype can be used in clinical medicine for speaking about the presentation of a disease. The complementary concept in this regard is endotype, which refers to the pathogenesis of the disease ignoring its presentation.

In this context, a phenotype would be any observable characteristic or trait of a disease, such as morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, or behavior, without any implication of a mechanism. A clinical phenotype would be the presentation of a disease in a given individual.

Some organizations have their own specialised meaning. For example, the term 'phenotype' in the field of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) means "a single or combination of disease attributes that describe differences between individuals with COPD as they relate to clinically meaningful outcomes", but nearly all specialities use this meaning in some way, like in asthma research.

Endotype
An endotype is a subtype of a health condition, which is defined by a distinct functional or pathobiological mechanism. This is distinct from a phenotype, which is any observable characteristic or trait of a disease, such as development, biochemical or physiological properties without any implication of a mechanism. It is envisaged that patients with a specific endotype present themselves within phenotypic clusters of diseases.

One example is asthma, which is considered to be a syndrome, consisting of a series of endotypes. This is related to the concept of disease entity.
Neuenfelde
Neuenfelde (German pronunciation: [nɔʏənˈfɛldə] ⓘ) is a rural quarter located in the borough Harburg of Hamburg, Germany near the Lower Saxony border. The quarter is well known for its quality of fruit and unique houses, many of which prove to be popular attractions for tourists passing through, it belongs to the Altes Land region and is quite known for the cherry and apple tree blossom. In 2020 the population was 4,883.

Neugraben-Fischbek
Neugraben-Fischbek (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʏɡʁaːbn̩ ˈfɪʃbeːk] ⓘ) is a quarter of Hamburg, Germany, and belongs to the borough Harburg. The quarter consists of the old settlements Neugraben and Fischbek, and the more recently constructed area Neuwiedenthal.
Yi Yin
Yi Yin (c. 1649 B.C. to c. 1550 B.C., Chinese: 伊尹, born Yī Zhì (伊挚), also known as A Heng (阿衡)), was a Chinese politician who served as a minister of the early Shang dynasty and one of the honoured officials of the era. He helped Tang of Shang, the founder of the Shang dynasty, to defeat King Jie of Xia. Oracle inscriptions of Yi have been found, providing his social status was high; for example, on one occasion, a sacrifice made to him coincided with the day in which Bao Ding was to be venerated.

Jie of Xia
King Jie (Chinese: 桀; traditionally 1728–1675 BCE) was the 17th and last ruler of the Xia dynasty of China. He is traditionally regarded as a tyrant and oppressor who brought about the collapse of a dynasty.

Around 1600 BCE, Jie was defeated by Tang of Shang, bringing an end to the Xia dynasty that lasted about 500 years, and a rise to the new Shang dynasty.
Singapore Radio Awards 2010
Singapore Radio Awards 2010, was the 5th radio awards ceremony presented by Singapore's MediaCorp. to honour the best radio personalities and radio shows in 2009. After a hiatus in 2008 and 2009, the 2010 show took place on March 13, at MediaCorp TV Theatre. The ceremony also featured a live webcast for the first time.

The hosts for the night were Justin Ang and Vernon A, also known as The Muttons from 987FM. It was their first time hosting the Singapore Radio Awards, as past ceremonies engaged other TV and stage hosts, instead of utilizing talents from within its radio fold.

The Muttons
The Muttons are a Singaporean radio presenter and restauranter duo consisting of Singaporeans Justin Ang (Chinese: 洪伟扬) and Vernon Anthonisz (also known as Vernon A.). The pair first began their career in June 2005 on Mediacorp-owned radio station 987FM before moving to Class 95 in 2015, hosting the Muttons in the Morning show. The pair have won the Best Radio Show Award at the Singapore Radio Awards in 2010, 2011, and 2013. The pair also own multiple restaurants.
Håkon Mjåset Johansen
Håkon Mjåset Johansen (born 1 August 1975 in Trondheim, Norway) is a Norwegian jazz drummer and composer, known from playing with the Trondheim Jazz Orchestra featuring Chick Corea at Moldejazz 2000, cooperations with Bugge Wesseltoft's New Conceptions of Jazz, Ole Morten Vågan's Motif, Siri Gjære's Cricket Club and the Ola Kvernberg Trio. He has also contributed to releases with Jon Larsen, the Atle Nymo/Frode Nymo Quartet and Jan Garbarek.

Håvard Wiik
Håvard Skarpnes Wiik (born 10 March 1975) is a Norwegian jazz pianist and composer, known from a number of recordings with bands like Atomic, and performances with musicians like Petter Wettre, Ola Kvernberg and Stian Carstensen.
Maguindanao del Sur
Maguindanao del Sur, officially the Province of Maguindanao del Sur (Maguindanaon: Dairat nu Salatan Magindanaw, Jawi: دايرت نو سلاتان مڬیندانو, Filipino: Timog Maguindanao), is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro region in Mindanao. Its capital is the municipality of Buluan near the city of Tacurong in the neighboring province of Sultan Kudarat. It borders Cotabato province to the east, Maguindanao del Norte to the west, and Sultan Kudarat to the south.

Cotabato
Cotabato, formerly and still commonly referred to as North Cotabato and officially the Province of Cotabato, is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Soccsksargen region in Mindanao. Its capital is the city of Kidapawan, the most populous in the province. Some of its municipalities are under the jurisdiction of the nearby Bangsamoro Autonomous Region.
Alma Rosé
Alma Maria Rosé (3 November 1906 – 4/5 April 1944) was an Austrian violinist and conductor. In July 1943, Rosé was deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau. Rosé directed the Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz and was the Kapo of the music block.

Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz
The Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz (Mädchenorchester von Auschwitz; lit. "Girls' Orchestra of Auschwitz") was formed by order of the SS in 1943, during the Holocaust, in the Auschwitz II-Birkenau extermination camp in German-occupied Poland. Active for 19 months—from April 1943 until October 1944—the orchestra consisted of mostly young female Jewish and Slavic prisoners, of varying nationalities, who would rehearse for up to ten hours a day to play music regarded as helpful in the daily running of the camp. They also held a concert every Sunday for the SS.

A member of the orchestra, Fania Fénelon, published her experiences as an autobiography, Sursis pour l'orchestre (1976), which appeared in English as Playing for Time (1977). The book was the basis of a television film of the same name in 1980, written by Arthur Miller.