hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
École Grégoire-Ferrandi
École Grégoire-Ferrandi is one of France's leading professional training schools located in the 6th arrondissement of Paris in a 25000 sq. m. site. Its culinary school is called École Supérieure de Cuisine Française (ESCF).

École Supérieure de Cuisine Française - Ferrandi
École Supérieure de Cuisine Française  (ESCF - Higher School of French Cuisine at Ferrandi) is a professional training school located in central Paris. Established by The Paris Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCIP), the school is part of École Grégoire-Ferrandi and specializes in training students for work in hospitality management and French cuisine.

In 2005 the school founded Atelier Pierre Hermé, a workshop class focusing on techniques and creations of French pastry chef Pierre Hermé.
N-vector
The  n-vector representation (also called geodetic normal or ellipsoid normal vector) is a three-parameter non-singular representation well-suited for replacing geodetic coordinates (latitude and longitude) for horizontal position representation in mathematical calculations and computer algorithms.

Geometrically, the n-vector for a given position on an ellipsoid is the outward-pointing unit vector that is normal in that position to the ellipsoid. For representing horizontal positions on Earth, the ellipsoid is a reference ellipsoid and the vector is decomposed in an Earth-centered Earth-fixed coordinate system. It behaves smoothly at all Earth positions, and it holds the mathematical one-to-one property.

More generally, the concept can be applied to representing positions on the boundary of a strictly convex bounded subset of k-dimensional Euclidean space, provided that that boundary is a differentiable manifold. In this general case, the n-vector consists of k parameters.

Geodetic coordinates
Geodetic coordinates are a type of curvilinear orthogonal coordinate system used in geodesy based on a reference ellipsoid.
They include geodetic latitude (north/south) ϕ, longitude (east/west) λ, and ellipsoidal height h (also known as geodetic height). 
The triad is also known as Earth ellipsoidal coordinates (not to be confused with ellipsoidal-harmonic coordinates).
Charlie Sillett
Charles Thomas Sillett (29 October 1906 – 27 February 1945) was an English professional footballer who played as a full back for Southampton in the 1930s. He was the father of John Sillett and Peter Sillett, both of whom became professional footballers.

Charlie Sillett was killed in a U-boat attack on an allied convoy while serving with the Royal Navy in 1945. He had already survived the torpedoing of HMS Registan in 1942.

John Sillett
John Charles Sillett (20 July 1936 – 30 November 2021) was an English football player and manager. He played for Chelsea, Coventry City and Plymouth Argyle. He won the Championship with Chelsea in 1955, playing alongside his brother Peter Sillett. He was manager of Coventry City from 1986 until 1990, winning the FA Cup in 1987, and also had two spells as manager of Hereford United.
The Good Lord Bird (miniseries)
The Good Lord Bird is a 2020 American historical drama television miniseries, based on the 2013 novel of the same name by James McBride. Focusing on John Brown's attack on American slavery, the series was created and executive produced by Ethan Hawke and Mark Richard. Produced by Jason Blum, through Blumhouse Television, it premiered on October 4, 2020, on Showtime.

The Good Lord Bird
The Good Lord Bird is a 2013 novel by American journalist and author James McBride about Henry Shackleford, a slave, who unites with John Brown in Brown's abolitionist mission. The novel won the National Book Award for Fiction in 2013 and received generally positive reviews from critics.
Solar eclipse of July 11, 2029
A partial solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Wednesday, July 11, 2029, with a magnitude of 0.2303. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

This will be the third of four partial solar eclipses in 2029, with the others occurring on January 14, June 12, and December 5.

A partial eclipse will be visible for parts of southern Chile and Argentina.

Solar eclipse of June 12, 2029
A partial solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Tuesday, June 12, 2029, with a magnitude of 0.4576. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

This will be the second of four partial solar eclipses in 2029, with the others occurring on January 14, July 11, and December 5.

A partial eclipse will be visible for parts of Northern and Central Europe, northern Russia, Greenland, Alaska, and northwestern Canada.
RMS Ivernia (1954)
RMS Ivernia was a Saxonia-class ocean liner, completed in 1955 by John Brown & Company at Clydebank, Scotland for Cunard Line, for their transatlantic passenger service between the UK and Canada. In 1963 she was rebuilt as a cruise ship and renamed RMS Franconia, after the famous pre-war liner Franconia (1922). She continued to sail for Cunard until being withdrawn from service and laid up in 1971. In 1973 she was sold to the Soviet Union's Far Eastern Shipping Company and, renamed SS Fedor Shalyapin, cruised around Australia and the far East. In 1980 she was transferred to the Black Sea Shipping Company fleet, and for a time returned to cruising in the Mediterranean and around Europe. In 1989 she was transferred again, to the Odessa Cruise Company, and continued her career as a cruise ship until 1994. She was then laid up at Illichivsk, a Black Sea port 40 km (25 mi) southwest of Odesa, until 2004 when, as the Salona, she sailed to Alang, India, where she was scrapped.

RMS Franconia (1922)
RMS Franconia was an ocean liner operated by the Cunard Line from 1922 to 1956. The liner was second of three liners named Franconia which served the Cunard Line, the others being Franconia (1910) built in 1910 and the third Franconia in 1963.
Mater lectionis
A mater lectionis (/ˌmeɪtər ˌlɛktiˈoʊnɪs/ ⓘ MAY-tər LEK-tee-OH-niss, /ˌmɑːtər -/ MAH-tər -⁠; Latin for 'mother of reading', pl. matres lectionis /ˌmɑːtreɪs -/ MAH-trayss -⁠; original Hebrew: אֵם קְרִיאָה, romanized: ʾēm qərîʾāh) is any consonant letter that is used to indicate a vowel, primarily in the writing of Semitic languages such as Arabic, Hebrew and Syriac. The letters that do this in Hebrew are aleph א, he ה, vav ו and yud י, with the latter two in particular being more often vowels than they are consonants. In Arabic, the matres lectionis (though they are much less often referred to thus) are ʾalif ا, wāw و and yāʾ ي.

The original value of the matres lectionis corresponds closely to what are called in modern linguistics glides or semivowels.

Waw (letter)
Waw (wāw "hook") is the sixth letter of the Semitic abjads,  including 
Phoenician wāw 𐤅, 
Aramaic waw 𐡅,
Hebrew vav ו‎, 
Syriac waw ܘ 
and Arabic wāw و‎ (sixth in abjadi order; 27th in modern Arabic order). It is also related to the Ancient North Arabian 𐪅‎‎‎, South Arabian 𐩥, and Ge'ez ወ.

It represents the consonant [w] in classical Hebrew, and [v] in modern Hebrew, as well as the vowels [u] and [o]. In text with niqqud, a dot is added to the left or on top of the letter to indicate, respectively, the two vowel pronunciations.

It is the origin of Greek Ϝ (digamma) and Υ (upsilon); Latin F, V and later the derived Y, U and W; and the also derived Cyrillic У and Ѵ.
Hakkō-ryū
Hakkō-ryū (八光流) or Hakkō-ryū Jūjutsu (八光流柔術) is a school or 'style' of jujutsu descended from Daito-ryu founded in 1941 by Okuyama Ryuho (1901–1987) a student of Sokaku Takeda and a practitioner of shiatsu.  This style of self-defense focuses on the qi meridian points sensitive to pain so that a defender can create sharp distracting pain to an attacker but without causing serious injury to the person, and it can therefore be considered a humanitarian martial technique.

The school is now headed by his son who inherited the name Nidai Soke Okuyama Ryuho. The headquarters or honbu dojo is located in Ōmiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama Prefecture.

Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu
Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu (大東流 合気柔術), originally called Daitō-ryū Jujutsu (大東流柔術, Daitō-ryū Jūjutsu), is a Japanese martial art that first became widely known in the early 20th century under the headmastership of Takeda Sōkaku. Takeda had extensive training in several martial arts (including Kashima Shinden Jikishinkage-ryū and supposedly Sumo) and referred to the style he taught as "Daitō-ryū" (literally, "Great Eastern School"). Although the school's traditions claim to extend back centuries in Japanese history there are no known extant records regarding the ryū before Takeda. Whether Takeda is regarded as either the restorer or the founder of the art, the known history of Daitō-ryū begins with him. Takeda's best-known student was Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido.
Nokutela Dube
Nokutela Dube (1873 – 25 January 1917) was the first South African woman to found a school. She cofounded the Ilanga lase Natal newspaper, Ohlange Institute and Natal Native Congress (the precursor to the South African Native National Congress) while she was married to John Langalibalele Dube. They both travelled to the United States, where Nokutela was described as a "woman of note". She died while estranged from her husband, who was then president of what would become the African National Congress. The school she co-founded was the place that Nelson Mandela chose as the location for his first ever vote in an election.

In 2017, Nokutela Dube was posthumously awarded South Africa's highest honour — the Order of the Golden Baobab — 100 years after her death.

John Langalibalele Dube
John Langalibalele Dube OLG (22 February 1871 – 11 February 1946) was a South African essayist, philosopher, educator, politician, publisher, editor, novelist and poet. He was the founding president of the South African Native National Congress (SANNC), which became the African National Congress in 1923. He was an uncle to Dr Pixley ka Isaka Seme, with whom he founded SANNC. Dube served as the president of SANNC between 1912 and 1917. He was brought to America by returning missionaries and attended Oberlin Preparatory Academy.

He returned to South Africa, where in 1901 he and his first wife, Nokutela Dube, founded the Ohlange High School based on the Tuskegee Institute founded by Booker T. Washington. In 1903, the Dubes founded the isiZulu newspaper Ilanga (now Ilanga lase Natal).  In 1930, John Dube published Shaka's Body Servant. He died in 1946.
Upstairs, Downstairs (1971 TV series)
Upstairs, Downstairs is a British drama television series produced by London Weekend Television (LWT) for ITV. It ran for 68 episodes divided into five series on ITV from 1971 to 1975.

Set in a large townhouse at 165 Eaton Place in Belgravia in central London, the series depicts the servants—"downstairs"—and their masters, the family—"upstairs"—between 1903 and 1930, and shows the slow decline of the British aristocracy. Great events feature prominently in each episode but minor or gradual changes are also noted. The show may be regarded as a fictional view of the social and technological changes that occurred during those 27 years, including the Edwardian period, women's suffrage, the First World War, the Roaring Twenties, and the Wall Street crash. It was a ratings success for ITV and received outstanding acclaim worldwide, winning multiple awards.

The BBC Wales and Masterpiece-produced continuation Upstairs Downstairs was broadcast by BBC One in 2010.

Upstairs Downstairs (2010 TV series)
Upstairs Downstairs is a British drama series, broadcast on BBC One from 2010 to 2012, and produced by BBC Wales. Created and written by Heidi Thomas, it is a continuation of the London Weekend Television series of the same name, which ran from 1971 to 1975 on ITV.

The series resumes the story of 165 Eaton Place in 1936 London, six years after the original series concluded. Jean Marsh reprises her role as Rose Buck, who becomes housekeeper of the re-established household, with Ed Stoppard and Keeley Hawes playing its new owners Sir Hallam and Lady Agnes Holland. The first series, consisting of three episodes, was broadcast across consecutive nights during Christmas 2010. The second series consists of six episodes, first aired between 19 February 2012 and 25 March 2012. The series ends at the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939.
Tổ tôm
Tổ tôm or Tụ tam bài (chữ Hán: 聚三牌, chữ Nôm: 祖𩵽) is a draw-and-discard card game played in Vietnam, usually by men. The game is often played at festivals. It is similar to the Chinese game of Khanhoo.

Literally, tổ-tôm means ‘nest of shrimps’; however, when written in Sino-Vietnamese characters (Chữ Nôm) it is read tụ tam (bài) (Chinese 聚 三 牌 ju san pai), ‘gathering three cards’, namely the three suits of Văn, Sách, and Vạn of the deck of cards.

During holidays and Tết, tổ tôm was often played by men and the elderly because it has some quite difficult rules and many variations, so young uneducated people and women in the past rarely played it. Tổ tôm is not as popular and common as tam cúc.

Tam cúc
Tam cúc (三菊, "three chrysanthemums") is a multi-trick card game popular in Northern Vietnam. Tam Cúc is not just played for entertainment, but also played in ceremonies and festivals. It is commonly played during New Year celebrations, while waiting for bánh chưng to cook. It is similar to the games of Cart-Horse-Cannon (Chēmǎbāo 車馬包) from Fujian, Throw the Tiger (Zhìhǔ 擲虎) from Taiwan, and Noble (Giog 爵) from Malaysia.
Arwad
Arwad (Phoenician: 𐤀𐤓𐤅𐤃‎, romanized: ʾRWD; Arabic: أرواد, romanized: ʾArwād), the classical Aradus, is a town in Syria on an eponymous island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is the administrative center of the Arwad Subdistrict (nahiyah), of which it is the only locality. It is the only inhabited island in Syria. It is located 3 km (1.9 mi) from Tartus (the ancient Tortosa), Syria's second-largest port.

Today, Arwad is mainly a fishing town. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, during the 2004 census, it had a population of 4,403, predominantly Arab Sunni Muslims. Plans were unveiled in May 2016 to renovate the island to become a tourist attraction. The island is currently surrounded by ancient Phoenician era walls.

Tartus
Tartus (Arabic: طَرْطُوس / ALA-LC: Ṭarṭūs; officially known as Tartous and also historically known in the County of Tripoli as Tortosa) is a major port city on the Mediterranean coast of Syria. It is the second largest port city in Syria (after Latakia), and the largest city in Tartus Governorate. Tartus was under the governance of Latakia Governorate until the 1970s, when it became a separate governorate. The population is 458,327 (2023 estimate). In the summer it is a vacation spot for many Syrians.
Ouija: Origin of Evil
Ouija: Origin of Evil is a 2016 American supernatural horror film directed and edited by Mike Flanagan, and written by Flanagan and Jeff Howard. The film is a prequel to the 2014 film Ouija, and stars Elizabeth Reaser, Lulu Wilson, Annalise Basso, and Henry Thomas. A widow and her family introduce a Ouija board into their phony seance business, thereby inviting a spirit that possesses the youngest daughter.

Ouija: Origin of Evil was released in the United States on October 21, 2016, by Universal Pictures. The film grossed over $81 million worldwide and received positive reviews from critics, with many praising it as a significant improvement over its predecessor. Lin Shaye was the only cast member to have returned from the first film, appearing in a post-credit cameo.

Ouija (2014 film)
Ouija is a 2014 American supernatural horror film. It was directed by Stiles White in his directorial debut. Jason Blum, Michael Bay, Andrew Form, Bradley Fuller, and Bennett Schneir produced it, and Juliet Snowden and White wrote it. They had previously together written The Possession. It stars Olivia Cooke, Daren Kagasoff, Douglas Smith, and Bianca A. Santos as teenagers who have unleashed spirits from a Ouija board. Universal Pictures released Ouija on October 24, 2014.

Despite receiving an overwhelmingly negative critical response, it grossed $103.6 million worldwide on a $5–8 million budget. A prequel directed by Mike Flanagan, titled Ouija: Origin of Evil, was released in 2016 to much more positive reviews.
Henriette Adelaide of Savoy
Henriette Adelaide of Savoy (Henrietta Adelaide Maria; 6 November 1636 – 13 June 1676), was Electress of Bavaria by marriage to Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria. She wielded considerable political influence in her adopted country and with her husband did much to improve the welfare of the Electorate of Bavaria.

Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria
Ferdinand Maria (31 October 1636 – 26 May 1679) was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 1651 to 1679. The Elector modernized the army and introduced Bavaria's first government code. Besides encouraging agriculture and industry, he also improved building and restoration works on churches and monasteries since the damage caused during the Thirty Years' War.
SM City Cabanatuan
SM City Cabanatuan is a shopping mall owned by SM Prime Holdings with a gross floor area of 154,020 m2 (1,657,900 sq ft). It is the second SM Supermall in Cabanatuan City and Nueva Ecija after the acquisition of Megacenter by SM Supermalls. It is located along Brgy. Hermogenes Concepcion, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines.

It is the third largest SM mall in Luzon outside the Greater Manila Area, and the second largest in Central Luzon based on total retail floor area, after SM City Clark. When it opened in 2015, it was the largest mall in North Luzon outside of Metro Manila, until being recently dethroned due to the expansion of SM City Baguio and SM City Clark.

SM Supermalls
SM Supermalls, or simply SM, is a chain of shopping malls owned by the Philippine-based SM Prime. As of February 2026, it has a total of 98 malls (89 in the Philippines and 9 in China), with nine more under construction (seven in the Philippines and two in China). It was originally known as Shoemart, from which the name SM is derived.
Enterprise GP Holdings
Enterprise GP Holdings was a midstream energy holding company based in Houston, Texas, that made its debut on the Fortune 500 list at #177 in 2007. It had its corporate headquarters in the Enterprise Plaza in Downtown Houston.

The company was led by its president and chief executive officer, Ralph S. Cunningham. Dan Duncan was the majority owner.

Enterprise Products acquired Enterprise GP Holdings in 2010.

Enterprise Products
Enterprise Products Partners L.P. (NYSE: EPD) is an American midstream natural gas and crude oil pipeline company with headquarters in Houston, Texas.
It acquired GulfTerra in September 2004. The company ranked No. 105 in the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. Dan Duncan was the majority owner until his death in 2010.
Jug
A jug is a type of container commonly used to hold and serve liquids, but not normally to drink from directly. It has an opening, sometimes narrow, from which to pour or drink, and has a handle, and usually a pouring lip. Jugs throughout history have been made of metal, ceramic, or glass, and plastic is now common.

In British English, jugs are pouring vessels for holding drinkable liquids, whether beer, water or soft drinks.  In North American English these table jugs are usually called pitchers. Ewer is an older word for jugs or pitchers, and there are several others, such as flagon.

Several other types of containers are also called jugs, depending on locale, tradition, and personal preference.  Some types of bottles can be called jugs, particularly  if the container has a narrow mouth and has a handle.  Closures such as  stoppers or screw caps are common for these retail packages.

Pitcher (container)
In American English, a pitcher is a container with a handle and a spout, used for storing and pouring liquids. In English-speaking countries outside North America, such a container is called a jug.

Ewer is an older word for a pitcher or jug of any type, though tending to be used for a vase-shaped pitcher, often decorated, with a base and a flaring spout. The word is now unusual in informal English describing ordinary domestic vessels. A notable ewer is the America's Cup, which is awarded to the winning team of the America's Cup sailing regatta match.
Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse
The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse is adopted as the C squadron of the Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry as a Light Cavalry Squadron. It is a Yeomanry Squadron of the British Territorial Army (Army Reserve). It was formed following the amalgamation of The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry and The Scottish Horse regiments. Because of the geographic spread of the regiment C Squadron is administered by 51st (Scottish) Brigade.

The Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry is the only yeomanry regiment that serves in the formation reconnaissance role, equipped with the Scimitar and Spartan armoured reconnaissance vehicles. On mobilisation, it would reinforce one of the regular army formation reconnaissance regiments. The squadron provided personnel for active service during Operation TELIC, where they served with their regular counterparts in the Royal Armoured Corps.

The FFY/SH and its antecedent regiments have won numerous battle honours and one Victoria Cross.

Scottish Horse
The Scottish Horse was a Yeomanry regiment of the British Army's Territorial Army raised in 1900 for service in the Second Boer War. It saw heavy fighting in both the First World War, as the 13th Battalion, Black Watch, and in the Second World War, as part of the Royal Artillery. It amalgamated with the Fife and Forfar Yeomanry to form the Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse in 1956. The lineage is maintained by "C" Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse Squadron of The Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry based in Cupar in Fife.
The Wrecks
The Wrecks are an American pop rock band based in Los Angeles, California. The band is currently made up of Nick Anderson, Nick "Schmizz" Schmidt, Aaron Kelley, and Billy Nally. The group's first single "Favorite Liar," released in 2016, was an instant success. However, their following increased exponentially after their debut album Infinitely Ordinary, featuring single "Fvck Somebody," released in 2020.

Nick Anderson (musician)
Nicholas Michael Anderson (born April 26, 1995) is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer. He is best known as the frontman of the alternative rock band The Wrecks since its formation in 2015. He remains their primary producer and lyricist but has recently collaborated with a variety of artists on projects outside the scope of The Wrecks.
Order of the White Rose (1886–1915)
The Order of the White Rose was a Jacobite society founded in 1886 by Bertram Ashburnham, 5th Earl of Ashburnham, as a successor to the Cycle Club. The Order attracted many writers and artists and began the Neo-Jacobite Revival that flourished in the 1890s. The Order closed during the First World War, but in 1926 the Royal Stuart Society was formed to carry on its ideal and mission.

Neo-Jacobite Revival
The Neo-Jacobite Revival was a political movement active during the 25 years before the First World War in the United Kingdom. The movement was monarchist, and had the specific aim of replacing British parliamentary democracy with a restored monarch from the deposed House of Stuart.