hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fu Caixiang
Fu Caixiang (Chinese: 苻彩香; pinyin: Fú Cǎixiāng; born April 1963) is a Chinese politician of Li ethnicity who currently serves as a member of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress and deputy chairwoman of its Ethnic Affairs Committee. She is also the vice secretary of the Party Leadership Group and vice chairwoman of the Standing Committee of the Hainan Provincial People's Congress.

Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Hainan Province
The Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Hainan Province (abbreviated as the Standing Committee of the Hainan Provincial People's Congress) is the permanent body of the People's Congress of Hainan Province. It exercises the powers of the provincial people's congress when the plenary session is not in session. Its counterpart at the same administrative level is the Hainan Provincial CPPCC, which functions as a consultative body.
Diplotaxis tenuifolia
Diplotaxis tenuifolia is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name perennial wall-rocket. It is native to Europe and western Asia, where it grows on disturbed ground and roadsides, and it can now be found throughout much of the temperate world where it has naturalized. In recent years it has increasingly been cultivated to produce salad leaves, which are marketed as wild rocket in Britain or arugula in the US. It is easily confused with garden rocket, which has similar uses.

Diplotaxis muralis
Diplotaxis muralis, the annual wall-rocket, is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. This plant is native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, but it is found throughout the temperate world, where it has naturalized. This is an erect mustard-like plant rarely reaching half a meter in height. It has lobed leaves and its stems are topped with dense inflorescences of yellow, or occasionally light purple, flowers with small oval petals and large anthers. The fruit is a podlike silique two to four centimeters long.
Video games in Germany
Germany has the second-largest video games player base in Europe, with 44.3 million gamers in 2018, after Russia. Consumers in Germany spent €5.87 billion on video games over the course of 2021, a 3 percent year-on-year increase from 2020. The video game market in Germany grew by 6 percent to €6.2 billion ($6.7 billion) in 2019.

The annual Gamescom in Cologne is the world's largest video game expo by number of attendees.

Gamescom
Gamescom is a trade fair for video games held annually at the Koelnmesse in  Cologne, Germany. Gamescom is the world's largest gaming event, with 370,000 visitors and 1,037 exhibitors from 56 countries attending the event in 2018. The event is used by many video game developers to exhibit upcoming games and game-related hardware. The "gamescom - Opening Night Live" (ONL) show takes place every year on the evening before the opening. The show presents the latest trailers and announcements from the international games industry and is hosted by Geoff Keighley.

Alongside the public areas, there is also a closed area for professional visitors, such as publishers, journalists and developers.

Shortly before Gamescom, the associated conference Devcom takes place at the same area and is specifically for the game development sector.
Parametric search
In the design and analysis of algorithms for combinatorial optimization, parametric search is a technique invented by Nimrod Megiddo (1983) for transforming a decision algorithm (does this optimization problem have a solution with quality better than some given threshold?) into an optimization algorithm (find the best solution). It is frequently used for solving optimization problems in computational geometry.

Nimrod Megiddo
Nimrod Megiddo (Hebrew: נמרוד מגידו) is a mathematician and computer scientist. He is a research scientist at the IBM Almaden Research Center and Stanford University. His interests include combinatorial optimization, algorithm design and analysis, game theory, and machine learning. He was one of the first people to propose a solution to the bounding sphere and smallest-circle problem.
17th Infantry Division (India)
The 17th Infantry Division is a formation of the Indian Army. During the Second World War, it had the distinction of being continually in combat during the three-year-long Burma Campaign (except for brief periods of refit). The division was re-raised in 1960 and the 17 Mountain Division is presently located in Sikkim under XXXIII Corps.

46th Indian Infantry Brigade
The 46th Indian Infantry Brigade was an Infantry formation of the Indian Army during World War II. The brigade was formed in June 1941, at Ahmednagar in India and assigned to the 17th Indian Infantry Division. In February 1942, during the Japanese conquest of Burma the Brigade suffered heavy casualties during the retreat to the Sittang River and was dispersed into small groups after the Battle of Sittang Bridge. The Brigade was never reformed and officially disbanded 25 February 1942.
Umbilical cord
In placental mammals, the umbilical cord (also called the navel string, birth cord or funiculus umbilicalis) is a conduit between the developing embryo or fetus and the placenta. During prenatal development, the umbilical cord is physiologically and genetically part of the fetus and (in humans) normally contains two arteries (the umbilical arteries) and one vein (the umbilical vein), buried within Wharton's jelly. The umbilical vein supplies the fetus with oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta.  Conversely, the fetal heart pumps low-oxygen, nutrient-depleted blood through the umbilical arteries back to the placenta.

Wharton's jelly
Wharton's jelly (Latin: substantia gelatinea funiculi umbilicalis) is a gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate). It acts as a mucous connective tissue containing some fibroblasts and macrophages, and is derived from extra-embryonic mesoderm of the connecting stalk.
Krakatoa archipelago
The Krakatoa Archipelago is a small uninhabited archipelago of volcanic islands formed by the Krakatoa stratovolcano located in the Sunda Strait, nestled between the much larger islands of Java and Sumatra. As of 2018, the archipelago consists of four main islands: Verlaten (a.k.a. Sertung) to the northwest, Lang (a.k.a. Rakata Kecil, or Panjang) to the northeast, Rakata (what remains the main island) to the south, and the currently volcanically active Anak Krakatoa in the north-centre. Together, the islands are a part of the Indonesian island arc system, created by the northeastward subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate. As part of a dynamic volcanic system, the islands have been continuously reshaped throughout recorded history, most notably in the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa.

Administratively, the Krakatoa Archipelago lies entirely within Lampung, Indonesia and forms a part of Ujung Kulon National Park.

Rakata
Rakata (/rəˈkɑːtə/ rə-KAH-tə), also called Greater Krakatau, is a partially collapsed and uninhabited stratovolcano on the Indonesian island of Krakatoa (Indonesian: Krakatau) in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Sumatra and Java. Standing 813 m (2,667 ft) tall, it was the largest and southernmost of three volcanoes that formed the island of Krakatoa (the others being Danan (volcano) and Perboewatan) and the only one of the volcanoes not totally destroyed in the 1883 eruption. Rakata is the last remnant of the original island prior to its destruction. However, Rakata did lose its northern half in that eruption, leaving just its southern half. The exposed cliff is quite striking visually, partially of a large exposed dike terminating in a large lenticular extrusion at the middle of the almost vertical cliff. The feature has been called "the Eye of Krakatoa."
New Elstree Studios
New Elstree Studios was a British film studio complex that was the main production centre for the Danziger Brothers from 1956 to 1962, and was one of several sites collectively known as "Elstree Studios". 60 B-movies and 350 half-hour TV episodes were filmed there, for both British and American markets.

The Danzigers
Edward J. Danziger (1909–1999) and Harry Lee Danziger (1913–2005) were American-born brothers who produced many British films and TV shows in the 1950s and 1960s.

According to one profile "throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, their second features and TV series seemed to be on screens everywhere, their pervasive presence forming a part of virtually every British filmgoer's and television viewer's experience during those years."
WRDU
WRDU (100.7 FM, "100.7 WRDU") is a commercial radio station licensed to serve Wake Forest, North Carolina. The station is owned by iHeartMedia though licensee iHM Licenses, LLC and broadcasts a mainstream rock format. Its broadcast tower is near Middlesex at (35°49′52.8″N 78°08′42.8″W﻿ / ﻿35.831333°N 78.145222°W﻿ / 35.831333; -78.145222). The station covers Raleigh and the Research Triangle metro area, and a large portion of Eastern North Carolina, including the cities of Rocky Mount, Greenville, and Roanoke Rapids.

WRDU uses HD Radio.

WTKK
WTKK (106.1 FM "106.1 FM Talk") is a commercial radio station licensed to Knightdale, North Carolina, and serving the Raleigh-Durham market, also known as the Research Triangle. WTKK airs a talk radio format and is owned and operated by iHeartMedia, Inc. Studios are located in Raleigh, while the transmitter resides in Auburn. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WTKK broadcasts in HD Radio with two subchannels and is available online via iHeartRadio.
Eustomias trewavasae
Eustomias trewavasae, the deepsea dragonfish, is a small abyssal barbeled dragonfish of the family Stomiidae, found worldwide in tropical and subtropical oceans at depths down to 1,500 m. Its length is up to 26 centimetres (10 in) TL.

Named in honor of Ethelwynn Trewavas (1900-1993), British Museum (Natural History), for her work on the stomiid fishes of the Dana expeditions.

Stomiidae
Stomiidae is a family of deep-sea ray-finned fish, including the barbeled dragonfishes, that live in all oceans in a wide range of depths. They are quite small, ranging around 15 to 26 centimetres (5.9 to 10.2 in) long, and they exhibit a strong sexual dimorphism. These fish are apex predators and have enormous jaws filled with fang-like teeth; their specially adapted neurocranium and upper-jaw system allows them to open their jaws to more than 100 degrees. This ability allows them to consume extremely large prey, often 50% greater than their standard length.
Lebanese Greek Orthodox Christians
Lebanese Greek Orthodox Christians (Arabic: المسيحية الأرثوذكسية الرومية في لبنان) refers to Lebanese people who are adherents of the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch in Lebanon, which is an autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church within the wider communion of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, and is the second-largest Christian denomination in Lebanon after the Maronite Christians.

Lebanese Greek Orthodox Christians are believed to constitute about 8% of the total population of Lebanon. Most of the Greek Orthodox Christians live either in the capital city of Beirut, the Metn hinterland, the Hasbayya and Rashayya districts in the southeast, and the North Governorate, in the Koura region (south of Tripoli) and Akkar.

Under the consensus of the unwritten agreement known as the National Pact among the different political leaders of Lebanon, the Deputy Speaker of the Parliament of Lebanon and the Deputy Prime Minister of Lebanon are assumed to be Greek Orthodox Christians.

Hasbaya
Hasbaya or Hasbeiya (Arabic: حاصبيا) is a municipality in Lebanon, situated at the foot of Mount Hermon, overlooking a deep amphitheatre from which a brook flows to the Hasbani River. In 1911, the population was about 5,000.

The town was a traditional seat of the Chehab family, local rulers under Ottoman suzerainty. They built the Chehabi Citadel, a prominent landmark in the town.
League of Blood Incident
The League of Blood Incident (血盟団事件, Ketsumeidan Jiken; also translated as Blood-Pledge Corps Incident) was a 1932 assassination plot in Japan in which extremists targeted wealthy businessmen and liberal politicians. The group chose twenty victims but succeeded in killing only two: former Finance Minister and head of the Rikken Minseitō political party, Junnosuke Inoue, and the Director-General of Mitsui Holding Company, Dan Takuma.

The arrest of the assassins led to the discovery of the existence of a civilian ultranationalist, fascist group led by self-styled Buddhist preacher, Nisshō Inoue.

Nisshō Inoue
Nisshō Inoue (井上 日召, Inoue Nisshō; April 12, 1887 – March 4, 1967) was a radical Buddhist preacher of Nichirenism who founded the interwar Japanese far-right militant organization Ketsumeidan (血盟団, League of Blood). Contrary to popular belief, he was never an ordained Nichiren priest, but was rather a self-styled preacher whose extremist tenets were widely denounced by Japan's mainline Nichiren Buddhist establishment of the time.
Honda Tadakatsu
Honda Tadakatsu (本多 忠勝; March 17, 1548 – December 3, 1610), also called Honda Heihachirō (本多 平八郎) was a Japanese samurai, general, and daimyo of the late Sengoku through early Edo periods, who served Tokugawa Ieyasu.

Honda Tadakatsu was one of the Tokugawa Four Heavenly Kings (Shitennō) along with Ii Naomasa, Sakakibara Yasumasa, and Sakai Tadatsugu. It was reported that he never suffered a single wound despite participating in a total of 57 military campaigns throughout his life.

For his fighting prowess on the battlefield Honda Tadakatsu earned the praise of various contemporary figures such as Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Ieyasu himself.

Shitennō (Tokugawa clan)
The Four Heavenly Kings of the Tokugawa (徳川四天王, Tokugawa-shitennō) is a Japanese sobriquet describing four highly effective samurai generals who fought on behalf of Tokugawa Ieyasu in Sengoku period. They were famous during their lifetimes as the four most fiercely loyal vassals of the Tokugawa clan in the early Edo period.

Each of those four generals was the founder of a cadet branch clan:

Honda Tadakatsu of the Honda clan

Ii Naomasa of the Ii clan

Sakakibara Yasumasa of the Sakakibara clan

Sakai Tadatsugu of the Sakai clan
Alexander Markovich Polyakov
Alexander Markovich Polyakov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ма́ркович Поляко́в; born 27 September 1945) is a Russian theoretical physicist, formerly at the Landau Institute in Moscow and, since 1989, at Princeton University, where he is the Joseph Henry Professor of Physics Emeritus.

Alexander Zamolodchikov
Alexander Borisovich Zamolodchikov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Бори́сович Замоло́дчиков; born September 18, 1952)  is a Russian-American theoretical physicist, known for his contributions to conformal field theory, statistical mechanics, string theory and condensed matter physics.

He is widely regarded as one of the most accomplished theoretical physicists for his profound contributions to fundamental physics and especially to Quantum Field Theories, for which he was awarded the Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics in 2024. He is currently the C.N. Yang – Wei Deng Endowed Chair of Physics at Stony Brook University.
Synarthonia
Synarthonia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the order Arthoniales. The genus has not been placed into a family. These crustose lichens typically form thin, crust-like growths on tree bark in tropical and temperate regions worldwide, though many species have restricted geographical ranges and are known only from single locations. The genus is distinguished by its reproductive structures, which appear as small grouped patches on the lichen surface, and by its spores that change from colourless to brownish as they mature and have distinctive enlarged tip cells. While most species form traditional lichen partnerships with green algae, some members of Synarthonia have evolved to grow parasitically on other lichen species, particularly targeting members of the genera Graphis and lichens in the family Parmeliaceae.

Synarthonia stigmatidialis
Synarthonia stigmatidialis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen of uncertain familial classification in the order Arthoniales. Originally described from a single collection in  the Mexican state of San Luis Potosí in 1895, this lichen remains known only from its type locality, making it one of the rarest members of its genus. The species is distinguished by its whitish crusty growth on bark and its clustered fruiting structures that are dusted with a delicate white powder, as well as its distinctive ascospores that develop enlarged cells at their tip and turn pale brown at maturity.
Wilton Gregory
Wilton Daniel Gregory Jr. (born December 7, 1947) is an American Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Washington from 2019 to 2025. Pope Francis made him a cardinal in 2020, the first of African-American descent.

Gregory previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Chicago from 1983 to 1994; as Bishop of Belleville from 1994 to 2004; and as Archbishop of Atlanta from 2005 to 2019.

Gregory was the first African-American president of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) from 2001 to 2004. He led the USCCB in issuing the "Charter for the Protection of Children and Young People" in response to the sexual abuse scandal in the American Catholic Church.

Archdiocese of Atlanta
The Archdiocese of Atlanta (Latin: Archdiœcesis Atlantensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in northern Georgia in United States. The archdiocese is led by a prelate archbishop, who also serves as pastor of the mother church, the Cathedral of Christ the King in Atlanta. The archbishop is Gregory Hartmayer.
W. T. Stead
William Thomas Stead (5 July 1849 – 15 April 1912) was an English newspaper editor who, as a pioneer of investigative journalism, became a controversial figure of the Victorian era. Stead published a series of hugely influential campaigns whilst editor of The Pall Mall Gazette, including his 1885 series of articles, The Maiden Tribute of Modern Babylon. These were written in support of a bill, later dubbed the "Stead Act", that raised the age of consent from 13 to 16.

Stead's "new journalism" paved the way for the modern tabloid in Great Britain. He has been described as "the most famous journalist in the British Empire". He is considered to have influenced how the press could be used to influence public opinion and government policy, and advocated "Government by Journalism". He was known for his reportage on child welfare, social legislation and reformation of England's criminal codes.

Stead died in the sinking of the RMS Titanic.

Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885
The Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885 (48 & 49 Vict. c. 69), or "An Act to make further provision for the Protection of Women and Girls, the suppression of brothels, and other purposes," was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the latest in a 25-year series of legislation in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland beginning with the Offences against the Person Act 1861. It raised the age of consent from 13 years of age to 16 years of age and delineated the penalties for sexual offences against women and minors. It also strengthened existing legislation against prostitution and homosexuality. This act was also notable for the circumstances of its passage in Parliament.
Devils Garden (Arches National Park)
Devils Garden is an area of Arches National Park, located near Moab, Utah, United States, that features a series of rock fins and arches formed by erosion. The Devils Garden Trail, including more primitive sections and spurs, meanders through the area for 7.2 mi (11.6 km). The trailhead leads directly to Landscape Arch after a 0.8 mi (1.3 km) outbound hike, while Tunnel Arch and Pine Tree Arch can be seen on spur trails on the way to Landscape Arch. Several other arches, including Partition, Navajo, Double O, and Private Arch, as well as the Dark Angel monolith and Fin Canyon, are accessed via the primitive loop trail and its spurs.

Wall Arch, before its collapse in 2008, was also located in Devils Garden just north of Landscape Arch. Black Arch is visible as a dark outline from the primitive trail and can be approached via an unmarked sidetrack.

The trailhead for Devils Garden is located at the end of the main park road. A campground and amphitheater are also available at the site.

Wall Arch
Wall Arch was a natural sandstone arch in Arches National Park in southeastern Utah, United States. Before its collapse in 2008, it was ranked 12th in size among the park's over 2,000 arches. At its largest, the opening underneath the span was 71 feet (22 m) wide by 33.5 feet (10 m) high. It consisted of Entrada Sandstone, specifically the member known as Slick Rock. Wall Arch was first reported and named in 1948 by Lewis T. McKinney.

Wall Arch collapsed some time between the night of August 4 and the morning of August 5, 2008, temporarily blocking Devils Garden Trail. No one observed the fall. It was the first collapse of a major arch in the park since sections of Landscape Arch fell in 1991. Officials from the National Park Service and Utah Geological Survey visited the site of the collapsed sandstone arch on August 7 and noted stress fractures in the remaining formation which may cause collapses in the future.
Waiheke Island
Waiheke Island is the second-largest island (after Great Barrier Island) in the Hauraki Gulf of New Zealand. Its ferry terminal in Matiatia Bay at the western end is 21.5 km (13.4 mi) from the central-city terminal in Auckland.

It is the most populated island in the gulf, with 9,310 permanent residents, and the third most populous island in New Zealand (behind the two main islands). An additional estimated 3,400 people have second homes or holiday homes on the island. It is more densely populated than the North and South Islands. It is the most accessible island in the gulf, with regular passenger and car-ferry services, a helicopter operator based on the island, and other air links.

In November 2015, Lonely Planet rated Waiheke Island the fifth-best region in the world to visit in 2016.

Hauraki Gulf
The Hauraki Gulf (Māori: Tīkapa Moana) is a coastal feature of the North Island of New Zealand. It has an area of 4000 km2, and lies between, in anticlockwise order, the Auckland Region, the Hauraki Plains, the Coromandel Peninsula, and Great Barrier Island. Most of the gulf is part of the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park.

Hauraki is Māori for north wind. In 2014, the gulf was officially named Hauraki Gulf / Tīkapa Moana. The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "the mournful sea" for Tīkapa Moana.  In traditional legend, the Hauraki Gulf is protected by a taniwha named Ureia, who takes the form of a whale.