hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Median language
Median (also Medean or Medic) is an extinct Iranian language which was spoken by the ancient Medes. It belongs to the Northwestern branch of the Iranian language family, which includes many other much more recently attested and different languages such as Kurdish, Old Azeri, Talysh, Gilaki, Mazandarani,  Zaza, Gorani and Baluchi.

Iranian languages
The Iranian languages, or the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, mainly in the Iranian Plateau.

The Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE) and New Iranian (since 900 CE). The two directly attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Old Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Avesta predates Old Iranian language, Old Avestan (c. 1500 – 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan (c. 900 – 400 BCE). Of the Middle Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Middle Persian (from the Sasanian Empire), Parthian (from the Parthian Empire), and Bactrian (from the Kushan and Hephthalite empires).
Parbhani district
Parbhani district (Marathi pronunciation: [pəɾbʰəɳiː] ⓘ) is one of the eight districts in the Marathawada region of Maharashtra state of India. Parbhani city is the headquarters of this district. The district is well known for the Marathwada rebellion and religious tourism(Hinduism, Jainism).

Hingoli district
Hingoli district (Marathi pronunciation: [ɦiŋɡoliː]) is an administrative district in the state of Maharashtra in India. The district is headquartered at Hingoli. The district occupies an area of 4,526 km2 and has a population of 11,77,345 of which 15.60% were urban (as of 2011). Hingoli was actually known as the Nizams military base as it was bordered with Vidharbha. In that era military troops, hospitals, veterinary hospital were in operation from Hingoli. Being a military base the city was one of the important and famous places of the Hyderabad state. One of the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines, the Aundha Nagnath is located in Hingoli district about 25 km south-west from district headquarter.

As of 2011 it is the third least populous district of Maharashtra (out of 36), after Sindhudurg and Gadchiroli.
Noun
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, like living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence.

In linguistics, nouns constitute a lexical category (part of speech) defined according to how its members combine with members of other lexical categories. The syntactic occurrence of nouns differs among languages.

In English, prototypical nouns are common nouns or proper nouns that can occur with determiners, articles and attributive adjectives, and can function as the head of a noun phrase. According to traditional and popular classification, pronouns are distinct from nouns, but in much modern theory they are considered a subclass of nouns.  Every language has various linguistic and grammatical distinctions between nouns and verbs.

Noun phrase
A noun phrase – or NP or nominal (phrase) – is a phrase that usually has a noun or pronoun as its head, and has the same grammatical functions as a noun. Noun phrases are very common cross-linguistically, and they may be the most frequently occurring phrase type.

Noun phrases often function as verb subjects and objects, as predicative expressions, and as complements of prepositions. One NP can be embedded inside another NP; for instance, some of his constituents has as a constituent the shorter NP his constituents.

In some theories of grammar, noun phrases with determiners are analyzed as having the determiner as the head of the phrase, see for instance Chomsky (1995) and Hudson (1990).
Smoke-a-Lot Records
Smoke-a-Lot Records, distributed by Rap-a-Lot Records, is a record label founded and owned by rapper Yukmouth and manager Kat Gaynor. The name comes from Yukmouth's Luniz nickname, "Smoke-a-Lot". The label itself is home to artists including Luniz, Dru Down, Thug Lordz (Yukmouth & C-Bo), The Regime, and Yukmouth himself. It is also home to newcomers Ampichino, Nyce, Young Dru, and Marc Shyst.  Attached to the label as in-house DJ is former Cali Untouchable DJ, DJ Fingaz.

The Regime (group)
The Regime (stylized as The ReGime) is an American hip hop collective and supergroup created by Yukmouth in 1997, which originally included fellow rappers Tech N9ne, Phats Bossi, Madmax, Poppa LQ, Dizzle Don and Govnormatic. Not long after the original formation, Gonzoe of rap group Kausion and Lil Ke also joined. The group is signed to Yukmouth's Smoke-A-Lot Records, and share that label's dragon logo.

Unlike most rap groups, the Regime's members are from different states and cities around the US. Besides guest appearances on numerous Yukmouth related projects, the group has released three mixtapes in the All Out War series and planned for their debut album to be titled Regime Dragon Gang.
Óscar Catacora
Óscar Catacora (18 August 1987 – 26 November 2021) was a Peruvian film director, screenwriter, producer and cinematographer. He is known for writing and directing the drama films Eternity and Yana-Wara. He also produced and filmed the documentary Pakucha and wrote the historical drama The Legend of the Last Inca both directed by Tito Catacora.

Eternity (2017 film)
Eternity (Aymara: Wiñaypacha) is a 2017 Peruvian drama film directed by Óscar Catacora. It was selected as the Peruvian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 91st Academy Awards, but it was not nominated. It is the first film to be done entirely in the Aymara language.
Melvil Dewey
Melville Louis Kossuth "Melvil" Dewey (December 10, 1851 – December 26, 1931) was an American librarian and educator who invented the Dewey Decimal system of library classification. He was a founder of the Lake Placid Club, a chief librarian at Columbia College, founder of what would later become the Columbia University School of Library Service, and a founding member of the American Library Association. Although Dewey's contributions to the modern library are widely recognized, his legacy is marred by his sexual harassment of female colleagues, as well as his racism and antisemitism.

Lake Placid Club
The Lake Placid Club was a social and recreation club active from 1895 to 1980. Founded in a hotel on Mirror Lake in Lake Placid, New York, under Melvil Dewey's leadership and according to his ideals, it was instrumental in Lake Placid's development as an internationally known resort. The club ceased operations on March 30, 1980.
Keshava
Keshava (Sanskrit: केशव, lit. 'one who has beautiful long hair or the slayer of Keshi', IAST: Keśava) is an epithet of Vishnu in Hindu tradition. The name appears as the 23rd and 648th names in the Vishnu Sahasranama of the Mahabharata. Keshava is also venerated by those persons wanting to avert bad luck or ill-omens. His consort is Kirti (Lakshmi).

Keshava is an iconographical form of Vishnu.

Keshi (demon)
In Hindu mythology, Keshin (Sanskrit: केशिन्, lit. 'the hairy one/long-haired' IAST: Keśin), also called Keshi (Sanskrit: केशी IAST: Keśī) is a horse-demon, killed by Krishna, an Avatara of Vishnu. The demon was dispatched by Krishna's evil uncle Kamsa, who was destined to die at Krishna's hands.

The tale of the slaying of Keshi is told in the Hindu scriptures of Bhagavata Purana, Vishnu Purana and Harivamsa. Krishna is often praised as Keshava - the slayer of Keshi - in scriptures.
Housen Mushema
Housen Mushema is a Ugandan runway, commercial and editorial model, actor and fashion producer known for playing the lead role of Balikoowa in Balikoowa in the City, Sokke on The Hostel, Andrew on Second Chance, Ben Ssali on Power of Legacy, Ian on Mistakes Girls Do, Michael on Veronica's Wish, Anthony on Bed of Thorns in addition to roles on other shows and films, including November Tear, False Dreams and The Lukkas.

He is a recipient of the Abyranz Fashion and Style Awards 2015 in the Outstanding Male Model category and he has hit most Man Crush Monday features in numerous magazines in Kampala. He also appeared at number 7 on Satisfashion Ug Magazine's 8 most revered male models in Uganda in 2014.

The Hostel
The Hostel is a Ugandan drama series created by Sabiiti "MMC" Moses and Emanuel "BUUBA" Egwel about the lives of university students in their hostels. The show premiered on NTV Uganda in 2011 and ran for four seasons. The fourth season, which was titled "Serenity", saw a fresh new cast in a new hostel. The season premiered on 23 February 2015.

The series aired on NTV Uganda, DSTV - Africa Magic Entertainment, ZUKU TV and NTV KENYA, Canal France International and their African Partners, eTV, Star Times and Rwanda TV.

The series started airing in the UK on 4 February 2013 on Channel 182 Ben TV for the European continent audience.
Brisbane Heat
The Brisbane Heat are an Australian men's professional franchise cricket team, competing in Australia's domestic Twenty20 (T20) cricket competition, the Big Bash League (BBL). The Heat are the successors of the Queensland Bulls who played in the now-defunct KFC Twenty20 Big Bash. The Heat wear a teal uniform and are based in Brisbane in the Australian state Queensland. Their home ground is the Brisbane Cricket Ground, commonly known as The Gabba. The inaugural coach was Darren Lehmann who was the assistant to head coach Wade Seccombe, who then stepped down after winning the BBL|13 title. Leading up to the start of the BBL|14 season, Johan Botha was appointed the Heat's head coach. The Heat's inaugural captain was Australian ODI batter Peter Forrest. Internationals Usman Khawaja, Chris Lynn, Brendon McCullum, Colin Munro and Daniel Vettori have also captained the team.

Big Bash League
The  Big Bash League (BBL), also known as the KFC Big Bash League for sponsorship reasons, is a professional Twenty20 (T20) cricket league in Australia. Established in 2011 by Cricket Australia, it features eight city-based franchises and is held annually between December and February. In 2016–17, it was one of the two T20 cricket leagues—alongside the Indian Premier League—to feature amongst the top ten domestic sport leagues in average attendance.

The Perth Scorchers are the most successful team in the tournament's history and the most dominant franchise in Australian sport, having won the title six times including consecutively for two years twice. As of 2026, there have been 15 seasons of the tournament. The current champions are the Perth Scorchers, who won the 2025–26 season after defeating the Sydney Sixers by 6 wickets in the final.
Lloyd Owers
Lloyd Owers is an English professional football coach who is currently technical director of the Marshall Islands Soccer Federation and manager of the Marshall Islands national team.

He previously served in various coaching roles in England, Canada, Sweden, and the United States.

Marshall Islands national soccer team
The Marshall Islands national soccer team represents the Pacific island nation of the Marshall Islands in senior men's international soccer and is controlled by the Marshall Islands Soccer Federation. It is not a member of FIFA or OFC.
Recilia
Recilia is a genus of typical leafhoppers from the family Cicadellidae, recorded mostly from Africa, the West Palaearctic and New Zealand. As of Webb & Viraktamath (2009), the vast majority of former species, including the zig-zag leafhopper of rice R. dorsalis, are now placed in the genus Maiestas. Before this, the genus was sometimes treated as a subgenus of Deltocephalus, of the same tribe.

Maiestas dorsalis
Maiestas dorsalis is a species of bug from the Cicadellidae family that may be called the "zig-zag leafhopper" and is a rice pest.  It can be found in India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Borneo island, Taiwan, and Henan, province of China. It was formerly placed within Recilia and much of the rice pest information is under R. dorsalis, but a 2009 revision moved it to Maiestas.
Johann Ludwig Bach
Johann Ludwig Bach (14 February [O.S. 4 February] 1677 – 1 May 1731) was a German composer and violinist.

He was born in Thal (Ruhla) near Eisenach. At the age of 22 he moved to Meiningen eventually being appointed cantor there, and later Kapellmeister. He wrote a large amount of music and regularly oversaw performances, both at Meiningen and neighbouring courts.

He was a third cousin of Johann Sebastian Bach, who made copies of several of his cantatas and performed them at Leipzig. The cantata Denn du wirst meine Seele nicht in der Hölle lassen, BWV 15, once thought to be by Johann Sebastian, and listed as BWV 15 in Wolfgang Schmieder's catalogue of his works, is now thought to be by Johann Ludwig.

Bach died in Meiningen.

Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis
The Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (German: [ˈbax ˌvɛʁkə fɐˈtsaɪçnɪs], lit. 'Bach Works Catalogue'; BWV) is a catalogue of compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach. It was first published in 1950, edited by Wolfgang Schmieder. The catalogue's second edition appeared in 1990 and the third edition in 2022.

The catalogue groups compositions by genre. Even within a genre, compositions are not necessarily collated chronologically. 
In part this reflects the fact that some compositions cannot be dated. However, an approximate or precise date can be assigned to others: for example, BWV 992 was composed many years before BWV 1.
Gender neutrality in genderless languages
A genderless language is a natural or constructed language that has no distinctions of grammatical gender—that is, no categories requiring morphological agreement between nouns and associated pronouns, adjectives, articles, or verbs.

The notion of a genderless language is distinct from that of gender neutrality or gender-neutral language, which is wording that does not presuppose a particular natural gender. A discourse in a grammatically genderless language is not necessarily gender-neutral, although genderless languages exclude many possibilities for reinforcement of gender-related stereotypes, as they still include words with gender-specific meanings (such as "son" and "daughter"), and may include gender distinctions among pronouns (such as "he" and "she").

Grammatical gender
In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not related to the real-world qualities of the entities denoted by those nouns. In languages with grammatical gender, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called gender. The values present in a given language, of which there are usually two or three, are called the genders of that language. Determiners, adjectives, and pronouns also change their form depending on the noun to which they refer.

According to one estimate, gender is used in approximately half of the world's languages.
161st Air Refueling Wing
The 161st Air Refueling Wing is a unit of the Arizona Air National Guard, stationed at Goldwater Air National Guard Base, Arizona. If activated to federal service, the Wing is gained by the United States Air Force Air Mobility Command.

Goldwater Air National Guard Base
Goldwater Air National Guard Base, formerly Sky Harbor Air National Guard Base, is a facility of the United States Air National Guard that exists adjacent to Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport. It was built as the result of a 99-year lease in 1949, and was rebuilt in the 1990s to accommodate the creation of a third runway at the airport.

On December 9, 2016, the Phoenix Sky Harbor Air National Guard Base was renamed Goldwater Air National Guard Base in honor of former United States Senator from Arizona and former Arizona Air National Guard member Barry Goldwater.

The Arizona Air National Guard's 161st Air Refueling Wing is based at Goldwater Air National Guard Base.
Legend of the Sea Devils
"Legend of the Sea Devils" is the second and penultimate of three special episodes that followed the thirteenth series of the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who. The episode was first broadcast on 17 April 2022 as an Easter Sunday special. It was written by Ella Road and Chris Chibnall and directed by Haolu Wang.

In the episode, the Thirteenth Doctor (Jodie Whittaker) and her two companions, Yasmin Khan (Mandip Gill) and Dan Lewis (John Bishop), set out to find the hidden treasure of the Flor de la Mar. However, they end up in the wrong time period and team up with Madam Ching (guest star Crystal Yu) as they battle the Sea Devils for an important gem.

"Legend of the Sea Devils" was filmed in Wales across July 2021 and was impacted by COVID-19 in its production process. The episode received mixed reviews from critics. The special was also broadcast internationally.

Yasmin Khan (Doctor Who)
Yasmin "Yaz" Khan is a fictional character created by Chris Chibnall and portrayed by Mandip Gill in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. In the show's eleventh series, starting with the first episode, Yasmin serves as a companion of the Thirteenth Doctor, an incarnation of the alien time traveller known as the Doctor (portrayed by Jodie Whittaker); she would part ways with the Doctor in "The Power of the Doctor", the Thirteenth Doctor's final episode, and was the last person with her before she regenerated on her own. She is one of just two full-time companions to be present throughout the entirety of an incarnation's tenure, the other being Rose Tyler who starred alongside Christopher Eccleston's Ninth Doctor.
Tanna Tunnel
Tanna Tunnel (丹那トンネル, Tanna-tonneru) is a railroad tunnel in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan operated as part of JR Central’s Tōkaidō Main Line. When opened in 1934 this 7.8 km long tunnel shortened the trunk route between Tokyo and Kobe by 11.7 kilometres and reduced the ruling gradient between Kozu and Numazu from 2.5% (1 in 40) to less than 1% (1 in 100). It superseded the original route (now the Gotemba Line) which could be described as a detour round the mountains between Atami and Numazu.

Gotemba Line
The Gotemba Line (御殿場線, Gotemba-sen) is a railway line in Japan operated by the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central). It connects Kōzu Station in Odawara to Numazu via Gotemba.

The Mt. Fuji limited express service runs between Tokyo's Shinjuku Station and Gotemba via Matsuda.
Ragunda Municipality
Ragunda Municipality (Swedish: Ragunda kommun; [ˈrɑ̂ːˌɡɵnːda]) is a municipality in Jämtland County in northern Sweden. Its seat is in Hammarstrand.

The present municipality was formed in 1974, when "old" Ragunda Municipality was amalgamated with the municipalities of Fors and Stugun. Further amalgamations have been discussed due to declining population but have not been carried out.

Ragunda Municipality is known for being the site of the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Building, which is by the village Utanede. Designed as a Thai royal pavilion, the only one of its kind outside Thailand, it was raised in 1997 in commemoration of King Chulalongkorn's visit there a century earlier.

Döda fallet (The dead waterfall) is an extinct whitewater rapid in a nature reserve and one of the major tourist attractions of the municipality.

King Chulalongkorn Memorial Building
The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Building (Thai: พระบรมราชานุสรณ์พระบาทสมเด็จพระจุลจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว) is a Thai pavilion (Sala Thai) in Utanede, Sweden (part of the Ragunda Municipality) built to commemorate the 1897 visit of King Chulalongkorn of Thailand to the town and meeting with King Oscar II, King of Sweden and Norway. The construction of the building started in August 1997 and it was inaugurated on July 19, 1998, at the 101 anniversary of King Chulalongkorn's visit.

The building is in the style of a royal Thai pavilion (prasat) with a surface of ten by ten meters and a height of 28 meters. The roof is supported by 24 pillars in white concrete around the building with its four entrances.

The pavilion is adorned with gold leaf ornamentation with a value of three million Swedish kronor or 14 million Thai baht.
J. R. Salzman
Darrell "J.R." Salzman (born 1979) is a champion logroller and an Iraq War veteran. ESPN has called him "among the preeminent outdoors athletes" of the last decade.

Salzman grew up in Hayward, Wisconsin. His sisters, Tina Bosworth and Crystal Salzman, are also top logrollers. He attended the University of Minnesota Twin Cities, and graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Education from the University of Wisconsin–Stout.

Logrolling (sport)
Log rolling, sometimes called birling, is a sparring sport involving two competitors, each standing on one end of a free-floating log in a body of water. The two battle to dislodge each other from the log while keeping their own footing on it by spinning and kicking it and various other means.  In the United States, an official organized logrolling competition is called a roleo.

In the related sport of boom running, competitors each run an adjacent boom, or coupled line, of floating logs in both directions, vying to finish first without falling into the water.
Kan Takahama
Kan Takahama (Japanese: 高浜 寛, Hepburn: Takahama Kan; born April 6, 1977) is a Japanese manga artist born in Amakusa, Kumamoto Prefecture. Debuting in 2001, she became known for her short stories published in the alternative magazine Garo, later collected and republished in her award-winning Kinderbook. Her unique style often depicts the darker sides of everyday life through simplistic character designs and illustrations that blend manga and Franco-Belgian comics. She is internationally known for the manga Nyx no Lantern, winner of the 24th Osamu Tezuka Cultural Award in 2020.

Monokuro Kinderbook
Monokuro Kinderbook (Yellowbacks イエローバックス, Ierōbakkusu) is a one-shot Japanese manga written by Kan Takahama (高浜 寛, Takahama Kan) and published by Seirindo. The manga consists of an anthology of unrelated stories on the darker side of life. The manga is licensed for an English-language release in North America by Ponent Mon and a French-language release in France by Casterman.
Meihuaquan
Meihuaquan (Chinese: 梅花拳; literally "plum-blossom Fist") is a common term used to name styles or exercise sets of kung fu:

1) a style of kung fu that originated in the northern provinces of China centuries ago. Meihuaquan is also known as Meihuazhuang (梅花桩).

2) other kung fu styles with the name, like Meishanquan from southern China;

3) exercise, or sparring, sets within differently named styles of kung fu, like Da and Xiao Meihuaquan in Songshan Shaolinquan.

Shaolin kung fu
Shaolin kung fu (Chinese: 少林功夫; pinyin: Shàolín gōngfū), also called Shaolin Wushu (少林武術; Shǎolín wǔshù), or Shaolin quan (少林拳; Shàolínquán), is the largest and most famous style of kung fu. It combines Mahayana Buddhist, Chan philosophy and martial arts. 
It was developed in the Shaolin Temple in Henan, China during its 1500-year history. In Chinese folklore there is a saying, "Shaolin kung fu is the best under heaven", which indicates its superiority among martial arts, and "All martial arts under heaven originated from Shaolin", which indicates its influence on other martial arts. The name Shaolin is also used as a brand for the external styles of kung fu. Many styles in southern and northern China use the name Shaolin.