hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cơm tấm
Cơm tấm (Vietnamese: [kəːm tə̌m]), also referred as cơm sườn, is a Vietnamese dish made from broken rice, ribs, cucumbers, and pickled carrots, often served with sweet and sour fish sauce. Tấm refers to the broken rice grains, while cơm refers to cooked rice. Although there are varied names like cơm tấm Sài Gòn (Saigon broken rice), particularly for Saigon, the main ingredients remain the same for most cases.

Broken rice
Broken rice is fragments of rice grains, broken in the field, during drying, during transport, or during milling. Mechanical separators are used to separate the broken grains from the whole grains and sort them by size.

Broken rice is fragmented, not considered to be defective, and beside aesthetics, it is equivalent to non-broken rice. It is as nutritious as the equivalent quantity of unbroken rice (i.e. if all the germ and bran remains, it is as nutritious as brown rice; if none remains, it is as nutritious as white rice).

Broken rice has a long history; Ibn Baṭṭūṭa mentions rice couscous in the area of Mali in 1350, presumably made of African rice.
Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts
Border conflicts between Poland and Czechoslovakia began in 1918 between the Second Polish Republic and First Czechoslovak Republic, both newly independent states. The conflicts centered on the disputed areas of Cieszyn Silesia, Orava Territory and Spiš. After World War II they broadened to include areas around the cities of Kłodzko and Racibórz, which until 1945 had belonged to Germany. The conflicts became critical in 1919 and were finally settled in 1958 in a treaty between the Polish People's Republic and the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic.

Árva County
Árva County (Hungarian: Árva vármegye, Latin: Comitatus Arvensis, Slovak: Oravská stolica/župa, German: Komitat Arwa, Polish: Komitat Orawa) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary since the 14th century until 1920. Its territory is now in northern Slovakia and southern Poland. Today, the Slovak name is only used as an informal designation of the corresponding territory (see Orava region).
Aroeira 3
Aroeira 3 is a 400,000 year old Homo heidelbergensis hominid skull which was discovered in the Aroeira cave, Portugal. It is the earliest human trace in Portugal. H. heidelbergensis existed at the transition between Homo erectus and early Neanderthals and used both stone tools and fire. The skull was damaged during the 2014 excavation but was restored in the following two years. In 2017, the description of the skull was published in PNAS. It is on display in the National Archaeology Museum (Lisbon).

Cave of Aroeira
The Cave of Aroeira (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐɾuˈɐjɾɐ]) is an archaeological and paleoanthropological site in the Portuguese Estremadura Limestone Massif. The cave is located in the village of Almonda, in the civil parish of Zibreira, in the municipality of Torres Novas in the district of Santarém. The cave contained stones from the Paleolithic Acheulean culture, and the skull of Homo heidelbergensis, circa 400,000 years old. The discovery of Aroeira 3 was announced in spring 2017 - the earliest human trace in Portugal.
Danmark, mit fædreland
Danmark, mit Fædreland (English: Denmark, my Fatherland), also known by its first line as I Danmark er jeg født (English: In Denmark Am I Born), is an 1850 song by Hans Christian Andersen, frequently proposed as a new Danish national anthem instead of Der er et yndigt land, It has been included in the Folk High School Song Book since 1922, initially accompanied by an 1850  melody by Henrik Rung and now by an alternative melody composed by Poul Schierbeck in 1926. It was included in the 2004 Danish Culture Canon as one of 12 songs from the Folk High School Song Book.

Højskolesangbogen
Højskolesangbogen of the Danish adult Folk high schools is a songbook established by Heinrich von Nutzhorn in 1894 and substantially revised into a 1922 standard edition.

Twelve of the songs were selected as part of the Danish Culture Canon and freshly recorded under the auspices of Det Kongelige Bibliotek in 2006 by soprano Signe Asmussen, tenor David Danholt and pianist Ulrich Stærk, released as Fra Højskolesangbogen on the government-funded Dacapo Records label.
Butterfield Overland Mail
Butterfield Overland Mail (officially Overland Mail Company) was a stagecoach service in the United States operating from 1858 to 1861. It carried passengers and U.S. Mail from two eastern termini, Memphis, Tennessee, and St. Louis, Missouri, to San Francisco, California. The routes from each eastern terminus met at Fort Smith, Arkansas, and then continued through Indian Territory (Oklahoma), Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Mexico, and California ending in San Francisco. On March 3, 1857, Congress authorized the U.S. postmaster general, at that time Aaron V. Brown, to contract for delivery of the U.S. mail from St. Louis to San Francisco. Prior to this, U.S. Mail bound for the Far West had been delivered by the San Antonio–San Diego Mail Line since June 1857.

The route was designated a national historic trail in 2023.

Butterfield Overland Mail in Arkansas and Missouri
The Butterfield Overland Mail in Arkansas and Missouri was created by the United States Congress on March 3, 1857, and operated until March 30, 1861.  The route that was operated extended from San Francisco, California to Los Angeles, then across the Colorado Desert to Fort Yuma, then across New Mexico Territory via, Tucson and Mesilla, New Mexico to Franklin, Texas, midpoint on the route.  The route then crossed Texas to the Red River and into Indian Territory to enter Arkansas at Fort Smith.  Fort Smith was terminal where the secondary route that crossed Arkansas and across the Mississippi River to Memphis, Tennessee, met the main route that led northeast to Tipton with the final leg by train via the Pacific Railroad to St. Louis.  The Arkansas and Missouri mail route was one division, the 8th under a superintendent.
HMS Duke (1739)
HMS Duke was an 8-gun fireship of the Royal Navy. She was acquired for service in 1739, having previously been a merchant vessel, and served in the War of Jenkins' Ear and the War of the Austrian Succession, being expended in a naval operation in 1742.

Action of 14 June 1742
The action of 14 June 1742 was a minor naval battle of the War of the Austrian Succession in which a small British squadron under Captain Richard Norris burned 5 Spanish royal galleys at the French port of Saint Tropez. Norris had surprised the galleys near Sainte-Marguerite and had chased and driven them into the French port. The British captain, in spite of alleged French neutrality, followed the Spanish vessels into the port and destroyed them at slight cost.
Cedar Rapids Kernels
The Cedar Rapids Kernels are a Minor League Baseball team of the Midwest League and the High-A affiliate of the Minnesota Twins. They are located in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and play their home games at Veterans Memorial Stadium. They were founded in 1949 as the Cedar Rapids Rockets and originally played in the Central Association and the Three-I League. The Kernels are owned by Cedar Rapids Ball Club, Inc. (also known as Cedar Rapids Baseball Club, Inc.).

Veterans Memorial Stadium (Cedar Rapids)
Veterans Memorial Stadium is a minor league baseball stadium in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. It is the home field of the Cedar Rapids Kernels of the Midwest League. It is often called New Veterans Memorial Stadium to distinguish it from the original Veterans Memorial Stadium, which existed from 1949 to 2001.
Smithfield, Virginia
Smithfield is a town in Isle of Wight County, in the South Hampton Roads subregion of the Hampton Roads region of Virginia,  United States.  The population was 8,533 at the 2020 census.

The town is most famous for the curing and production of the Smithfield ham. The Virginia General Assembly passed a statute defining "Smithfield ham" by law in 1926, with one of the requirements that it be processed within the town limits. Smithfield Foods, a Fortune 500 company that owns Smithfield Packing Company and others, is the world's largest pork processor and hog producer. The company, based in Smithfield, raises 12 million hogs and processes 20 million pounds of them annually. The company's largest shareholder is WH Group, a Chinese holding company who purchased the company in 2014 before it went public in 2025.

Isle of Wight County, Virginia
Isle of Wight County is a county in the Hampton Roads region of the U.S. state of Virginia. It is named after the Isle of Wight, England, south of the Solent, from where many of its early colonists had come. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,606. Its county seat is Isle of Wight, an unincorporated community. Isle of Wight County is in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its northeastern boundary is on the coast of Hampton Roads waterway.
Karabo Dhlamini
Karabo Angel ‘Cream’ Dhlamini (born 18 September 2001) is a South African soccer player who plays as a defender for SAFA Women's League club Mamelodi Sundowns and the South Africa women's national team.

She was named in the group stage best XI at the 2024 CAF Women's Champions League. She won the inaugural defender of the season award at the 2025 SAFA Women's League awards awards.

Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.
Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies Football Club is a women's professional soccer club based in Pretoria, South Africa. The team competes in the SAFA Women's League, the top tier women's football league in South Africa. They are the most successful women's team in South Africa with eight titles. The team, together with the men's team are owned by Patrice Motsepe.

They won the inaugural CAF Women's Champions League in 2021. In the qualifiers, the 2021 CAF Women's Champions League COSAFA Qualifiers, they won without a single loss. This sent them to the 2021 CAF Women's Champions League which they also won without a defeat and also without conceding.
English, August
English, August: An Indian Story is a novel by Indian author Upamanyu Chatterjee. It is written in English and  first published in 1988. The novel was adapted into a film of the same name in 1994. The novel portrays the struggle of a civil servant who is posted in a rural area and is considered to be a very authentic portrayal of the state of Indian youth in the 1980s. Chatterjee, who became a civil servant in 1983, provides key insight into the disparity between rural and urban lived experiences witnessed in his generation. The key character, Agastya Sen, can also be seen in the sequel of this novel The Mammaries of the Welfare State.

English, August (film)
English, August is a 1994 Indian English-language black comedy film and director Dev Benegal's first feature film. A humorous and irreverent study of bureaucracy and the Indian Generation X, English, August won several awards at international film festivals.

English, August became the first Indian independent film to break the stranglehold of mainstream Indian Bollywood cinema when it was acquired by 20th Century Fox and became a theatrical success in the country. This has led the way for other low budget, independent movies such as Bombay Boys and Split Wide Open, which are part of the next generation of "middle cinema".

The film is based on the novel of the same name by Upamanyu Chatterjee.

The negatives of the film were spoiled due to flooding at a storage facility of Prasad Studios. There was an unsuccessful attempt at restoration, following which the film was declared a lost film.

In February 2020, a 35 mm print of the film was found in the National Film Archives of India.
Power Rangers Turbo
Power Rangers Turbo is a television series and the fourth entry of the Power Rangers franchise that aired in 1997. The show was prefaced with the franchise's second film, Turbo: A Power Rangers Movie.

As with its predecessors, Power Rangers Turbo is based on one of the entries of the Super Sentai series; in Turbo's case, the source is the 20th series, Gekisou Sentai Carranger. The series introduced a child actor as the new Blue Ranger, thus becoming the sole series so far to feature a pre-teen Ranger, and featured the departure of long-running characters Zordon and Alpha 5; the veteran team of Rangers also departed, with four new characters being introduced as their replacements. The series also marked the final regular appearances of Johnny Yong Bosch, Catherine Sutherland, and Steve Cardenas, as well as the last appearance of Nakia Burrise.

Big Bad Beetleborgs
Big Bad Beetleborgs (later Beetleborgs Metallix for Season 2) is an American live-action superhero television series by Saban Entertainment and was co-produced with Renaissance-Atlantic Films, Toei Company and Bugboy Productions. Two seasons aired on Fox Kids from September 7, 1996, to March 2, 1998.

The series adapted combat footage from the Metal Hero tokusatsu-series Juukou B-Fighter (first season) and B-Fighter Kabuto (second season). Unlike its contemporaries, such as Power Rangers, the show had a greater emphasis on sitcom elements, rather than a villain of the week.
Beanpot (ice hockey)
The Beanpot is an annual men's and women's ice hockey tournament among the four major college hockey teams of the Greater Boston area in the United States: the Boston University Terriers, Boston College Eagles, Harvard University Crimson, and Northeastern University Huskies.

The men's tournament is held annually since the 1952–53 season, usually during the first two Mondays in February. Games are played at TD Garden since 1996, except for 2021 when it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.  Boston College is the current men's Beanpot champion, having won the 2026 tournament.  The women's tournament began in 1979, with the championship game being held at TD Garden since 2024. Harvard won the 2026 women’s tournament in overtime against Boston University.

Due to the success of the hockey tournament, numerous other "Beanpots" have been contested in a number of other sports over the years, usually involving teams from the same four schools.

Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey
The Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents Harvard University. The Crimson are a member of ECAC Hockey. They play at the Bright Hockey Center in Boston, Massachusetts. The Crimson hockey team is one of the oldest college ice hockey teams in the United States, having played their first game on January 19, 1898, in a 0–6 loss to Brown.

The Crimson's archrival is the Cornell Big Red. The teams meet at least twice each season for installments of the historic Cornell–Harvard hockey rivalry.
The Vinelander
The Vinelander was an Australian passenger train operated by the Victorian Railways and, later, V/Line between Melbourne and Mildura from August 1972 until September 1993. Operating overnight along the Mildura line, it included motorail and sleeping car facilities.

Motorail
A motorail train or accompanied car train (ACT) is a passenger train on which passengers can take their automobile along with them on their journey. Passengers are carried in normal passenger carriages or in sleeping carriages on longer journeys, while the cars are loaded into autoracks, car-carriers, or flatcars that normally form part of the same train.

Motorail services are not the same as car shuttle trains or car-carrying train services. Car shuttle trains usually operate over relatively short distances, on lines passing through a rail tunnel and connecting two places not easily accessible to each other by road.  On car shuttle train services, unlike on motorail services, the occupants of the road vehicles being carried on the train usually stay with their vehicle throughout the rail journey.
Tony Badger
Anthony John "Tony" Badger (born 6 March 1947) is a British academic and historian. Until 2014 he was Paul Mellon Professor of American History at the University of Cambridge and Master of Clare College, Cambridge. He is a specialist in post-World War II Southern American political history.

Paul Mellon Professor of American History
The Paul Mellon Professorship of American History is a senior professorship at the University of Cambridge.  It was established in 1980 with funds from Paul Mellon family fortune and has been held by several notable American, British, and Canadian academics and public intellectuals since its creation.

The position is sufficiently endowed so as to be a permanent academic post at the University of Cambridge. The Paul Mellon Professor of American History serves both as a scholar and as a cross-cultural leader, advancing and deepening US-British academic and diplomatic connections. From 2014 to 2024, the Paul Mellon Professor of American History was Gary Gerstle. In July 2024 the University announced the election of the next Mellon Professor, Mia Bay of the University of Pennsylvania, who assumed the role on 1 January 2025.
Manfred, King of Sicily
Manfred (Sicilian: Manfredi di Sicilia; 1232 – 26 February 1266) was the last King of Sicily from the Hohenstaufen dynasty, reigning from 1258 until his death. The natural son of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, Manfred became regent over the Kingdom of Sicily on behalf of his nephew Conradin in 1254. As regent he subdued rebellions in the kingdom, until in 1258 he usurped Conradin's rule. After an initial attempt to appease Pope Innocent IV, he took up the ongoing conflict between the Hohenstaufens and the papacy through combat and political alliances. He defeated the papal army at Foggia on 2 December 1254. Excommunicated by three successive popes, Manfred was the target of a Crusade (1255–1266) called first by Pope Alexander IV and then by Urban IV. Nothing came of Alexander's call, but Urban enlisted the aid of Charles of Anjou in overthrowing Manfred. Manfred was killed during his defeat by Charles at the Battle of Benevento, and Charles assumed kingship of Sicily.

Pope Innocent IV
Pope Innocent IV (Latin: Innocentius IV; c. 1195 – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254.

Fieschi was born in Genoa and studied at the universities of Parma and Bologna. He was considered in his own day and by posterity as a fine canonist. On the strength of this reputation, he was called to the Roman Curia by Pope Honorius III. Pope Gregory IX made him a cardinal and appointed him governor of the Ancona in 1235. Fieschi was elected pope in 1243 and took the name Innocent IV. He inherited an ongoing dispute over lands seized by the Holy Roman Emperor, and the following year he traveled to France to escape imperial plots against him in Rome. He returned to Rome in 1250 after the death of the Emperor Frederick II.

On 15 May 1252 he promulgated the bull  Ad extirpanda  authorizing torture against heretics, equated with ordinary criminals.
Citipes
Citipes (/ˈsɪtipɛz/) is an extinct genus of caenagnathid theropod from the Late Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation in Alberta, Canada.  The genus contains only one species, the type species, C. elegans.  The generic name of Citipes is Latin for "fleet-footed", and the specific epithet "elegans" is Latin for "elegant".  The type specimen of Citipes has a convoluted taxonomic history, and has been previously assigned to the genera Ornithomimus, Macrophalangia, Elmisaurus, Chirostenotes, and Leptorhynchos before being given its own genus in 2020.

Leptorhynchos gaddisi
Leptorhynchos (/ˌlɛptəuˈrɪŋkəus/) is an extinct genus of caenagnathid theropod from the Late Cretaceous of what is now the US state of Texas, although it has been suggested to also exist in Alberta and South Dakota.  The type species is L. gaddisi, and it is currently the only widely accepted valid species.  The generic name of Leptorhynchos comes from the Greek "leptos" meaning "small" and "rhynchos" meaning "beak".  The specific epithet is in honor of the Gaddis family, who owned the land on which the holotype was discovered.
Pakistan Blind Cricket Council
Pakistan Blind Cricket Council (PBCC) is the national governing body for blind cricket in Pakistan. Established in 1997, it is responsible for the promotion, regulation and development of blind cricket across the country.

PBCC is a founding member of the World Blind Cricket Council (WBCC) and is affiliated with the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB). The council oversees domestic competitions, international tours, player development, and rehabilitation support for visually impaired cricketers.

World Blind Cricket Council
World Blind Cricket Council (WBCC) is an administration of blind cricket to manage it at international level. The WBC was established in September 1996 when a meeting held in Delhi, India to promote and control the blind cricket globally. George Abraham is the founding chairman of WBC.
Cedar Hills Crossing
Cedar Hills Crossing, formerly Beaverton Mall, is a retail shopping center in the city of Beaverton, Oregon, United States. The center is notable in that it was the prior site of a historic airport, Bernard's Airport, where many of the early aircraft innovations of the 1920s and 1930s occurred. Cedar Hills Crossing has been in operation since 1969, and is located approximately between the intersection of SW Cedar Hills Boulevard and Walker Road and the intersection of SW Cedar Hills Boulevard and Hall Boulevard.  The current name was adopted in September 2002 when C.E. John Company began the redevelopment of the Mall. Three extra mall entrances, new building facades and 40,000 square feet (3,700 m2) of new retail space was involved in the redevelopment, including new restaurants and interior designs.

Bernard's Airport
Bernard's Airport, also known as Bernard Airport, was a non-commercial airfield in Beaverton, Oregon, United States, from 1928 to 1969. In its early years, it was one of two private airports located in Beaverton, the other being Watts Field, about one-half mile to the south of Bernard's Airport.  The Bernard Airport site was redeveloped in 1969 as "Bernard's Beaverton Mall", now known as Cedar Hills Crossing.
Bertrand Baguette
Bertrand Marcel Nicolas Baguette (born 23 February 1986) is a Belgian professional racing driver. In 2013, he won the 24 Hours of Le Mans in the LMP2 class and the FIA WEC LMP2 class title. In 2017, he won the final running of the Suzuka 1000km in Super GT. Bertrand is the 2022 Super GT GT500 Champion with Nissan.

2013 FIA World Endurance Championship
The 2013 FIA World Endurance Championship season was the second season of the FIA World Endurance Championship auto racing series, co-organized by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO). The series was open to Le Mans Prototypes and grand tourer-style racing cars meeting four ACO categories. World Championships were awarded to drivers and to LMP1 category manufacturers, and several World Cups and Endurance Trophies were awarded for the series' other categories. The eight race championship began in April at the Silverstone Circuit and ended in November at the Bahrain International Circuit. The season was marred by the death of Allan Simonsen in the 24 Hours of Le Mans.
Dojlidy Brewery
Dojlidy Brewery /dɔɪˈliːdə/ (Polish: Browar Dojlidy [ˌbrɔvar dɔjˈlidɨ]) is a brewery located in Białystok, Poland, and owned by Kompania Piwowarska SA, the Polish subsidiary of Asahi Breweries. The brewery was modernized between 1997 and 1999, then in 2003 it was purchased by Kompania Piwowarska SA.
The Dojlidy Brewery used to make many different brands of beer, after being bought by Kompania Piwowarska S.A. their main product is Żubr. Żubr is one of the most popular beers in Poland and is also on sale throughout Europe.

Unusually for Polish beers, Żubr is now 6.0%.

Żubr (beer)
Żubr beer (Polish for Bison) is a Polish lager brewed by the Kompania Piwowarska SA. It was formerly known as Dojlidy, the name of the brewery in the Białystok district of Dojlidy, where it is produced.