hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jessie Newbery
Jessie Newbery (28 May 1864 – 27 April 1948) was a Scottish artist and embroiderer. She was one of the artists known as the Glasgow Girls. Newbery also created the Department of Embroidery at the Glasgow School of Art where she was able to establish needlework as a form of unique artistic design. She married the director of the Glasgow School of Art, Francis Newbery, in 1889.

Glasgow School
The Glasgow School was a circle of influential artists and designers that began to coalesce in Glasgow, Scotland in the 1870s, and flourished from the 1890s to around 1910. Representative groups included The Four (also known as the Spook School), the Glasgow Girls and the Glasgow Boys. Part of the international Art Nouveau movement, they were responsible for creating the distinctive Glasgow Style (see Modern Style (British Art Nouveau style)).

Glasgow experienced an economic boom at the end of the 19th century, resulting in an increase in distinctive contributions to the Art Nouveau movement, particularly in the fields of architecture, interior design and painting.
Priapatius
Priapatius (also spelled Phriapatius or Phriapites; Parthian: 𐭐𐭓𐭉𐭐𐭕‎, romanized: Friyapat), was the Arsacid king of Parthia from 191 BC to 176 BC. He was the first-cousin-once-removed and successor of Arsaces II (r. 217 – 191 BC). Like many Arsacid monarchs, his reign is sparsely known. His coinage indicates that he managed to rid himself of the influence of the Seleucid Empire. He was succeeded by his son Phraates I.

Phraates I
Phraates I (Parthian: 𐭐𐭓𐭇𐭕‎, romanized: Frahāt) was king of the Arsacid dynasty from 170/168 BC to 165/64 BC. He subdued the Amardi, conquered their territory in the Alborz mountains, and reclaimed Hyrcania from the Seleucid Empire. He died in 165/64 BC, and was succeeded by his brother Mithridates I (r. 165 – 132 BC), whom he had appointed his heir.
Llanddeusant, Carmarthenshire
Llanddeusant is a community in the Black Mountain Range of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Carmarthenshire, Wales. It is about 5 miles southeast of Llangadog.

Llanddeusant lies within the Llansadwrn & Llangadog / Myddfai & Llanddeusant ward, which had a population of 2,412 at census 2001. The boundaries were changed and most of the population was shown under the Llangadog community. The remaining population at the 2011 census was 220 only. The name, meaning "church of two saints", is supposed to originate from the fact that Teilo and Saint David are believed to have met there. The 'Old Red Lion Inn' is now a Youth hostel. The community includes the hamlet of Twynllanan.

Black Mountain (range)
The Black Mountain (Welsh: Y Mynydd Du) is a mountain range in South, Mid and West Wales, straddling the county boundary between Carmarthenshire and Powys and forming the westernmost range of the Brecon Beacons National Park. Its highest point is Fan Brycheiniog at 802 metres or 2,631 ft. The Black Mountain also forms a part of the Fforest Fawr Geopark.
Clifton Hill Shot Tower
The Clifton Hill Shot Tower is a 78-metre (256 ft) cylindrical shot tower located in Clifton Hill, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia. The Clifton Hill Shot Tower held the title of Australia's tallest structure from its construction until 1930. Recognised by Guinness World Records, the landmark is acclaimed as the world's tallest shot tower. The shot tower is on the Victorian Heritage Register.

Shot tower
A shot tower is a tower designed for the production of small-diameter shot balls by free fall of molten lead, which is then caught in a water basin. The shot is mainly used for projectiles in shotguns, and for ballast, radiation shielding, and other applications for which small lead balls are useful.
Veronica Pershina
Veronica Petrovna Pershina or Voyk (Russian: Вероника Петровна Першина, born December 20, 1966) is a former competitive pair skater who competed for the Soviet Union. With Marat Akbarov, she is the 1985 European bronze medalist and 1979 World Junior champion.

Marat Akbarov
Marat Akbarov (Russian: Марат Фагимович Акбаров, born February 3, 1961) is a former competitive pair skater for the Soviet Union. With Veronica Pershina, he is the 1985 European bronze medalist and 1979 World Junior champion.
Laytown
Laytown (Irish: An Inse, meaning 'the holm') is a village in County Meath, Ireland, overlooking the Irish Sea. Historically it was called Ninch, after the townland it occupies. Together with the neighbouring villages of Mornington, Bettystown and Donacarney, it comprises the census town of Laytown–Bettystown–Mornington–Donacarney, which recorded a population of 15,642 in the 2022 census.

Bettystown
Bettystown (Irish: Baile an Bhiataigh), previously known as Betaghstown and transliterated to Beattystown/Bettystown, is a village in County Meath, Ireland. Together with the neighbouring villages of Laytown, Mornington and Donacarney, it comprises the urban area of Laytown–Bettystown–Mornington–Donacarney with a combined population of 15,642 at the 2022 census. During the Celtic Tiger, with increasing property prices in Dublin, Bettystown expanded to cater for large numbers of commuters to Dublin. The area was well known before that as a spot for Dublin summer holiday visitors, with a number of caravan parks and seaside amusements.

In 2011, Bettystown and Laytown as far as the River Nanny were transferred from the three-seat constituency of Meath East to the five-seat constituency of Louth.
Treasure MathStorm!
Treasure MathStorm! is an educational computer game intended to teach children ages five to nine mathematical problem solving. This sequel to Treasure Mountain! is the sixth installment of The Learning Company's Super Seekers games and the second in its "Treasure" series.

The objective of Treasure MathStorm! is to return all of the treasures hidden across the mountain to the treasure chest in the castle at the top of the mountain. Although it runs smoother and has better graphics, basic gameplay is very similar to that of its predecessor. In 1994, an enhanced and more Windows-friendly version was released on CD-ROM.

The Learning Company
The Learning Company (TLC) was an American educational software company founded in 1980 in Palo Alto, California and headquartered in Fremont, California. The company produced a grade-based line of learning software, edutainment games, and productivity tools. Its titles included the flagship series Reader Rabbit, for preschoolers through second graders, and The ClueFinders, for more advanced students. The company was also known for publishing licensed educational titles featuring characters such as Arthur, The Powerpuff Girls, SpongeBob SquarePants and Sesame Street.

In December 1995, the company was acquired by SoftKey in a hostile takeover bid, at which point SoftKey assumed the Learning Company name and brand.
Delap-Uliga-Djarrit
Delap-Uliga-Djarrit (DUD, Marshallese: Teļap-Wūlika-Jarōj) is an urban area in Majuro, the capital and the largest city of the Marshall Islands, with 15,846 people out of Majuro's 23,676 (as of 1999). It consists of the districts of Delap, Uliga, and Djarrit (islets connected by land reclamation). DUD is located on the eastern end of Majuro Atoll. Marshallese government buildings are situated in DUD.

Uliga
Uliga (Marshallese: Wūlka, [wɯlʲ(i)ɡɑ]) is an island district in the Marshall Islands, located in the eastern portion of Majuro Atoll. Along with Delap and Djarrit, it forms a town  known as  "Delap-Uliga-Djarrit".

The terrain is about 2 metres above sea level. Variant forms of spelling for Majuro Uliga exist in several different languages: Urego To, Uliga Island, Vuleka, Ulika, Ulliga, Urega-tō, Uliga Island, Ulika, Ulliga, Urega-to, Urega-tō, Urego To, Vuleka.

On January 30, 1944, United States troops invaded and built a large base, Naval Base Majuro.
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), Pub. L. 95-109; 91 Stat. 874, codified as 15 U.S.C. § 1692 –1692p, approved on September 20, 1977 (and as subsequently amended), is a consumer protection amendment, establishing legal protection from abusive debt collection practices, to the Consumer Credit Protection Act, as Title VIII of that Act. The statute's stated purposes are: to eliminate abusive practices in the collection of consumer debts, to promote fair debt collection, and to provide consumers with an avenue for disputing and obtaining validation of debt information in order to ensure the information's accuracy. The Act creates guidelines under which debt collectors may conduct business, defines rights of consumers involved with debt collectors, and prescribes penalties and remedies for violations of the Act.  It is sometimes used in conjunction with the Fair Credit Reporting Act.

Debt collection
Debt collection or cash collection is the process of pursuing payments of money or other agreed-upon value owed to a creditor. The debtors may be individuals or businesses. An organization that specializes in debt collection is known as a collection agency or debt collector. Most collection agencies operate as agents of creditors. They collect debts for a fee or percentage of the total amount owed. Historically, debtors could face debt slavery, debtor's prison, or coercive collection methods. In the 21st century in many countries, legislation regulates debt collectors, and limits harassment and practices deemed unfair.
That's Amore! (TV series)
That's Amore! is a reality television show that aired on MTV in early 2008. It is a spin-off of MTV's A Shot at Love with Tila Tequila. The show stars Domenico Nesci, who had been a contestant on A Shot at Love. One of the other contestants from the previous show, Ashley McNeely, helps Nesci find his true love as his consigliere. During the run of the series, 15 American women compete for Domenico's heart in a series of challenges. The winner was Megan Mirilovich.

A Shot at Love with Tila Tequila
A Shot at Love with Tila Tequila is an American reality television dating game show similar to the TV show The Bachelor. It premiered on October 9, 2007 on MTV hosted by Tila Tequila. The series consists of a bisexual-themed reality dating show where 16 heterosexual men  and 16 lesbian contestants live in Tequila's house and compete for her attention and affection. The contestants were not aware of Tequila's bisexuality until the end of the first episode, after ten contestants had been eliminated. The remaining contestants, both male and female, then shared the same home for the remainder of the series. A Shot at Love II premiered on April 22, 2008.
Brusnica, Gornji Milanovac
Brusnica (Serbian Cyrillic: Брусница) is a village in the municipality of Gornji Milanovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 650 people.

The village was active in the Serbian Revolution, being organized into the knežina (administrative unit) of Brusnica (Takovo) during the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13). Among notable local revolutionaries were the Obrenović family (Milan, Jovan, Miloš), buljubaša Milovan Stanojčić, Jovan Ponjavić, Vujadin Oputa, Rale Mijailov Oputić, and merchant Miloje.

Gornji Milanovac
Gornji Milanovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Гoрњи Милановац, pronounced [ɡôːrɲiː mǐlanoʋats] ⓘ) is a town and municipality located in the Moravica District of central Serbia. The population of the town is 23,109, while the population of the municipality is 38,985 (2022 census data).

The town was founded in 1853 as Despotovica (Деспотовица), after the river passing by the town. In 1859 the name was changed to Gornji Milanovac at the request of Prince Miloš Obrenović. Its name means Upper Milanovac (there is a Lower Milanovac as well, while Milanovac was named so in honour of revolutionary Milan Obrenović).

The microregion of Rudnik–Takovo (Serbian: Рудничко-таковски крај), or simply Takovo (Serbian: Таково, Таковски крај), in the broader sense roughly corresponds to the modern municipality of Gornji Milanovac. It includes the southern foothills of the Rudnik mountain, and northern foothills of Suvobor and Maljen. Some villages in the municipality are part of the Kačer region.
Haplogroup E-P147
Haplogroup E-P147 is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup E-P147, along with the less common haplogroup E-M75, is one of the two main branches of the older haplogroup E-M96. The E-P147 clade is commonly observed throughout Africa and is divided into two subclades: the less common, haplogroup E-M132, and the more common, haplogroup E-P177.

Haplogroup E-M132
Haplogroup E-M132, formerly known as E-M33 (E1a), is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Along with E-P177, it is one of the two main branches of the older E-P147 paternal clade. E-M132 is divided into two primary sub-branches, E-M44 and E-Z958, with many descendant subclades.
Teffont Evias
Teffont Evias is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Teffont, on the Nadder valley in the south of Wiltshire, England. Edric Holmes described the village as "most delightfully situated", and Maurice Hewlett included Teffont in his list of the half dozen most beautiful villages in England. The present buildings are mostly of local stone, and several are thatched.

The civil parish was combined in 1934 with neighbouring Teffont Magna to form a united Teffont parish.

Teffont Magna
Teffont Magna, sometimes called Upper Teffont, is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Teffont, in the Nadder valley in the south of the county of Wiltshire, England. For most of its history, Teffont Magna was a chapelry of neighbouring Dinton. In 1934 it was combined with the parish of Teffont Evias, just to the south, to form a united Teffont parish.
Anna Borkowska (Mother Bertranda)
Mother Bertranda, O.P. (née Janina Siestrzewitowska; 1900–1988), later known as Anna Borkowska, was a Polish cloistered Dominican nun who served as the prioress of her monastery in Kolonia Wileńska near Wilno (now Pavilnys near Vilnius, Lithuania). She was a graduate of the University of Kraków who had entered the monastery after her studies. During World War II, under her leadership, the nuns of the monastery sheltered 17 young Jewish activists from Vilnius Ghetto and helped the Jewish Partisan Organization (FPO) by smuggling weapons. In recognition of this, in 1984 she was awarded the title of Righteous among the Nations by Yad Vashem.

Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye
The Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye (Yiddish: פֿאַראײניקטע פּאַרטיזאַנער אָרגאַניזאַציע‎; "United Partisan Organization"; referred to as FPO by its Yiddish initials) was a Jewish resistance organization based in the Vilna Ghetto in German-occupied Lithuania and founded on January 21, 1942. The clandestine organisation was established by Communists as well as left- and right-wing Zionists. Their leaders were the Communist Yitzhak Wittenberg, Socialist Abba Kovner, and revisionist Betar member Josef Glazman.
Ali Hassan Salameh
Ali Hassan Salameh (Arabic: علي حسن سلامة, ʿAlī Ḥasan Salāmah; 1 April 1941 – 22 January 1979; code name: Abu Hassan) was a Palestinian militant who was the chief of operations for Black September and founder of Force 17. He was assassinated in January 1979 as part of an assassination campaign by Mossad.

Mossad assassinations following the Munich massacre
Operation Bayonet was a covert operation directed by Mossad to assassinate individuals they accused of being involved in the 1972 Munich massacre. The targets were members of the Palestinian armed militant group Black September and operatives of the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO). Authorised by Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir in the autumn of 1972, the operation is believed to have continued for over twenty years. While Mossad killed several prominent Palestinians during the operation, they never managed to kill the mastermind behind Munich, namely Abu Daoud.

The operation was depicted in the television film Sword of Gideon (1986) and Steven Spielberg's film Munich (2005).
Soleá
Soleares  (plural of soleá, pronounced [soleˈa]) is one of the most basic forms or palos of Flamenco music, probably originating among the Calé Romani people of Cádiz or Seville in Andalusia, the most southern region of Spain. It is usually accompanied by one guitar only, in phrygian mode "por arriba" (fundamental on the 6th string); "Bulerías por soleá" is usually played "por medio" (fundamental on the 5th string). Soleares is sometimes called "mother of palos" although it is not the oldest one (e.g. siguiriyas is older than soleares) and not even related to every other palo (e.g. fandangos family is from a different origin)

Fandango
Fandango is a lively partner dance originating in Portugal  and Spain, usually in triple meter, traditionally accompanied by guitars, castanets, tambourine or hand-clapping. Fandango can both be sung and danced. Sung fandango is usually bipartite: it has an instrumental introduction followed by "variaciones". Sung fandango usually follows the structure of "cante" that consist of four or five octosyllabic verses (coplas) or musical phrases (tercios). Occasionally, the first copla is repeated.

The meter of fandango is similar to that of the bolero and seguidilla. It was originally notated in 68 time, of slow tempo, mostly in the minor, with a trio in the major; sometimes, however, the whole was in a major key. Later it took the 3-4 tempo, and the characteristic Spanish rhythm.
Summer squash
Summer squash can either refer to a squash plant with fruit that is harvested when immature, or the fruit itself. The word "summer" reflects their early harvest period and short storage life, in contrast to winter squashes. Some Cucurbita species and varieties are cultivated for both "summer" and "winter" fruit.

Winter squash
Winter squash is an annual fruit representing several species of squash within the genus Cucurbita – odd-shaped, rough or warty, late-growing varieties, less symmetrical, small to medium in size, but with long-keeping qualities and hard rinds.  They differ from summer squash in that they are harvested and eaten in the mature stage when their seeds within have matured fully and their skin has hardened into a tough rind. At this stage, most varieties of this vegetable can be stored for use during the winter. Winter squash is generally cooked before being eaten, and the skin or rind is not usually eaten as it is with summer squash.
St Pancras Old Church
St Pancras Old Church is a Church of England parish church on Pancras Road, Somers Town, in the London Borough of Camden. Somers Town is an area of the ancient parish and later Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras.

Dedicated to the Roman martyr Saint Pancras, the patron saint of children, it is reputed to be one of the oldest sites of Christian worship in England, although this is not supported by strong evidence. St Pancras Old Church, which was largely rebuilt in the Victorian era, should not be confused with St Pancras New Church (1819–1822) about 860 metres (940 yd) away on Euston Road.

St Pancras New Church
St Pancras New Church is a  Greek Revival church in St Pancras, London, built in 1819–22 to the designs of William and Henry William Inwood. The church is one of the most important 19th-century churches in England and is a Grade I listed building, and is still in use as a place of worship. Regular services are hosted at 11am on Sundays, and the church is the principal church for the Borough of Camden - hosting their civic services.

Known for its strong musical heritage, the church regularly offers a platform to students from the London conservatoires, and is the home of the London Festival of Contemporary Church Music (established in 2002), the St Pancras Music Festival, and is used as a major concert venue in London.

The Crypt Gallery (www.cryptgallery.org.uk) is based at the church.
Gregg v Scott
Gregg v Scott [2005] UKHL 2 is an English tort law case, on the issue of loss of a chance, in causation. It affirms the principle of Hotson v East Berkshire Area Health Authority, on a narrow margin of 3 to 2. Lord Nicholls' dissent is of particular note, in arguing that loss of a chance should be actionable.

Hotson v East Berkshire Area Health Authority
Hotson v East Berkshire Area Health Authority [1988] UKHL 1 is an English tort law case, about the nature of causation. It rejects the idea that people can sue doctors for the loss of a chance to get better, when doctors fail to do as good a job as they could have done.
Criminal Law Act 1827
The Criminal Law Act 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. 4. c. 28) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, applicable only to England and Wales. The act abolished many obsolete procedural devices in English criminal law, particularly the benefit of clergy.

The act was one of Peel's Acts which consolidated, repealed and replaced a large number of existing statutes. The enactments replaced by the act were repealed by the Criminal Statutes Repeal Act 1827 (7 & 8 Geo. 4. c. 27).

Similar provisions were made for Ireland by the Criminal Law (Ireland) Act 1828 (9 Geo. 4. c. 54) and for India by the Criminal Law (India) Act 1828 (9 Geo. 4. c. 74).

Peel's Acts
Peel's Acts (as they are commonly known) were Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. They consolidated provisions from a large number of earlier statutes which were then repealed. Their purpose was to simplify the criminal law. The term refers to the Home Secretary who sponsored them, Sir Robert Peel.

Some writers apply the term Peel's Acts to the series of acts passed between 1826 and 1832. Other writers apply the term Peel's Acts specifically to five of those acts, namely chapters 27 to 31 of the session 7 & 8 Geo. 4 (1827).

According to some writers, the Criminal Law Act 1826 (7 Geo. 4. c. 64) was the first of Peel's Acts.

The acts were the product of a failed attempt to codify the criminal law.
Solomon Lozovsky
Solomon Abramovich Lozovsky (Russian: Соломон Абрамович Лозовский; 16 March 1878 – 12 August 1952) was a prominent Communist and Bolshevik revolutionary, a high-ranking official in the Soviet government, including as a Presidium member of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions, a Central Committee member of the Communist Party, a member of the Supreme Soviet, a deputy people's commissar for foreign affairs and the head of the Soviet Information Bureau (Sovinformburo). He was also the chair of the department of International Relations at the Higher Party School. Lozovsky was executed in 1952, together with thirteen other members of Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, in an event known as the Night of the Murdered Poets. He was the last and oldest Old Bolshevik to be murdered on Stalin's orders.

Night of the Murdered Poets
The Night of the Murdered Poets (Russian: Дело Еврейского антифашистского комитета, romanized: Delo Yevreyskovo antifashistskovo komiteta, lit. 'Case of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee'; Yiddish: הרוגי מלכות פֿונעם ראַטנפאַרבאַנד, romanized: Harugey malkhes funem Ratnfarband, lit. 'Soviet Union Martyrs') occurred on 12 August 1952, and it involved the execution of 13 Soviet Jews in the Lubyanka Prison in Moscow. Arrests were made in September 1948 and June 1949, with all defendants having been falsely accused of espionage and treason, as well as many other crimes. Following their arrests and detention, they were tortured, beaten, and isolated for three years before being formally charged. There were five Yiddish writers among these defendants, all of whom were part of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee.
Cassie Ramone
Cassie Ramone is an American songwriter, musician and artist. Ramone rose to prominence as the guitarist and vocalist of indie rock band Vivian Girls, who formed in 2007 and achieved international success with the release of their debut album Vivian Girls in 2008. She also formed the band project The Babies with Kevin Morby (of Woods). During The Babies' hiatus, Ramone embarked on a solo career, releasing her debut album The Time Has Come in August 2014.

Kevin Morby
Kevin Robert Morby (born 2 April 1988) is an American musician, singer, and songwriter. A former member of Woods and The Babies, Morby has released seven solo studio albums: Harlem River (2013), Still Life (2014), Singing Saw (2016), City Music (2017), Oh My God (2019), Sundowner (2020), and This Is a Photograph (2022).