hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Forest Preserve District of Cook County
The Forest Preserve District of Cook County is a governmental commission in Cook County, Illinois, that owns and manages land containing forest, prairie, wetland, streams, and lakes. These land holdings are primarily managed as undeveloped natural areas and for outdoor recreation. The Forest Preserve District encompasses approximately 70,000 acres (110 sq mi; 280 km2) of land or approximately 11% of the land in Cook County, which contains the city of Chicago and is the most densely populated urban metropolitan area in the Midwest.  The Forest Preserves also owns the lands on which the Brookfield Zoo and the Chicago Botanic Garden operate, and its Chicago Portage area preserve is also affiliated with the United States National Park Service.

The Cook County Board of Commissioners also serves ex-officio as the board for the district. The Forest Preserve District headquarters is located in River Forest, Illinois.

Chicago Botanic Garden
The Chicago Botanic Garden is a 385-acre (156 ha) botanical garden situated on nine islands in the northern Cook County Forest Preserves within the nominal geographical boundaries of Glencoe, Illinois. It features 27 display gardens and five natural habitats including Mary Mix McDonald Woods, Barbara Brown Nature Reserve, Dixon Prairie, the Skokie River Corridor, and the Lakes and Shorelines. The garden is open every day of the year. An admissions fee was first charged in 2022.

The Garden is owned by the Forest Preserve District of Cook County and managed by the Chicago Horticultural Society. It opened to the public in 1972, and is home to the Joseph Regenstein Jr. School which offers educational classes and certificate programs, and participates with the botany staff in research and conservation programs.

The Chicago Botanic Garden is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums and is a member of the American Public Gardens Association.
Surjapuri language
Surjapuri is an Indo-Aryan language of the Bengali-Assamese branch, spoken in Eastern India including some eastern parts of Purnia division (Kishanganj, Katihar, Purnia, and Araria districts) of Bihar, parts of Uttar Dinajpur district in West Bengal and Goalpara Division of Assam in India, as well as parts of Thakurgaon district in Bangladesh and Jhapa district in Nepal. Among speakers in some regions, it is known as 'Deshi Bhasa'. It possesses similarities with Kamatapuri, Assamese, Bengali, and Maithili.

Rangpuri language
Rangpuri (Rangpuri: অংপুরি Ôṅgpuri or অমপুরি Ômpuri) is an eastern Indo-Aryan language of the Bengali-Assamese branch, spoken in Rangpur Division in Bangladesh, northern West Bengal and western Goalpara of Assam in India.  Many are bilingual in Bengali and Assamese in their respective regions. According to Glottolog, it forms the Central-Eastern Kamta group with the Kamta language.  Together with Rajbanshi and Surjapuri, they form the Kamta group of languages.
Gaibandha District
Gaibandha District (Bengali: গাইবান্ধা জেলা) is a district in northern Bangladesh, located within Rangpur Division. Covering an area of 2,179.27 square kilometers (841.42 sq mi), it had a population of 2,562,232 as of the 2022 census. The district's administrative headquarters and largest urban center is Gaibandha town. Originally established as a subdivision in 1875 under the name Bhabaniganj, it was renamed Gaibandha in the same year. On February 15, 1984, Gaibandha was officially upgraded to district status. The district is known for its agricultural production, particularly rice, jute, and vegetables, and is situated at the confluence of several major rivers, including the Jamuna, Teesta, and Brahmaputra.

Gaibandha
Gaibandha (Bengali: গাইবান্ধা) is a municipal town and district headquarters of Gaibandha District in northern Bangladesh. It is a centre of commerce and trade of the Gaibandha District and is located under the Rangpur Division. The area of the city is approximately 10.54 square kilometres (4.07 sq mi). To its north is the neighbouring city of Rangpur.

It consists of nine wards. It is certified as a "ka" (A) category Paurasava (municipality).
Celluloid (film)
Celluloid is a 2013 Indian Malayalam-language biographical  drama film co-produced, written, and directed by Kamal. It stars Prithviraj Sukumaran, Sreenivasan, Mamta Mohandas, and Chandni. The film is based on the life of J.C. Daniel, regarded as the father of Malayalam cinema, focusing on the making of his film Vigathakumaran, and the story of its heroine, P. K. Rosy. The film is particularly based on Life of J. C. Daniel, a biography of J. C. Daniel written by Chelangatt Gopalakrishnan. Filming began in November 2012, and the online posters, created by a 16-year-old boy, Aswin, which went viral on social media. Released in February 2013, the film received positive reviews and won seven Kerala State Film Awards, including Best Film and Best Actor (Prithviraj). It was also supported by All Lights Film Services (ALFS), a leading film festival consultancy and become a box-office success.

J. C. Daniel
Joseph Chellaiya Daniel (26 February 1900 – 27 April 1975) was an Indian filmmaker, widely recognised as the "father of Malayalam cinema". He was the first filmmaker from Kerala. He produced, directed, wrote, photographed, edited and starred in Vigathakumaran (The Lost Child, 1928 or 1930), the first Malayalam feature film, made in Kerala. He also established the first film studio in Kerala, Travancore National Pictures. In 1992, the Government of Kerala instituted the J. C. Daniel Award, the highest honour in Malayalam cinema, as part of the Kerala State Film Awards, in recognition of his contributions to the industry.
Chips Moman
Lincoln Wayne "Chips" Moman (June 12, 1937 – June 13, 2016) was an American record producer, guitarist, and songwriter. He is known for working in R&B, pop music and country music, operating American Sound Studios and producing hit albums like Elvis Presley's 1969 From Elvis in Memphis and the 1985 debut album for The Highwaymen. Moman won a Grammy Award for co-writing "(Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song", a 1975 hit for B.J. Thomas.

American Sound Studio
35°09′50″N 90°02′12″W﻿ / ﻿35.163844°N 90.036715°W﻿ / 35.163844; -90.036715

The American Sound Studio was a recording studio located in Memphis, Tennessee which operated from 1964 to 1972. Founded by Chips Moman, the studio at 827 Thomas Street came to be known as American North, and the studio at 2272 Deadrick Street came to be known as American East or the Annex.

More than one hundred hit songs were recorded at these studios, with backing provided by the studio musicians "The Memphis Boys", also known as the "827 Thomas Street Band". Artists who recorded at American included Elvis Presley, Joe Tex, Wilson Pickett, Bobby Womack, Joe Simon, Merrilee Rush, Aretha Franklin, Oscar Toney Jr., Neil Diamond, Dusty Springfield, B. J. Thomas, Petula Clark, Roy Hamilton, and The Box Tops.

In 2011, producer/engineer Brad Dunn and partners, seeking to preserve its recording history legacy, reopened the American East location as American Recording Studio.
Lucania
Lucania was a historical region of Southern Italy, named after its native Lucani, an Oscan people. It extended from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Gulf of Taranto. It bordered with Samnium and Campania in the north, Apulia in the east, and Bruttium in the south-west, and was at the tip of the peninsula which is now called Calabria. It comprised almost all the modern region of Basilicata, the southern part of the Province of Salerno (the Cilento area), the western part of Province of Taranto and a northern portion of the Province of Cosenza.

The precise limits were the river Silarus in the north-west, which separated it from Campania, and the Gravina which flows into the Gulf of Taranto in the east. The lower tract of the river Laus, which flows from a ridge of the Apennine Mountains to the Tyrrhenian Sea in an east-west direction, marked part of the border with Bruttium.

Bruttians
The Bruttians (Latin: Bruttii or Brettii) were an ancient Italic people. They inhabited the southern extremity of Italy, from the frontiers of Lucania to the Sicilian Straits and the promontory of Leucopetra. This roughly corresponds to the modern region of Calabria.

Occupying originally the mountains and hills of modern Calabria, they were the southernmost branch of the Osco-Umbrian Italic tribes, and were ultimately descended from the Samnites through the process of ver sacrum.

They are remembered as pillagers and conquerors of the ancient Greek poleis in Magna Graecia and brave rebels of the Romans.

The Museo dei Brettii e degli Enotri in Cosenza contains much recent data on the Bruttii.
Haji Muhammad Mohsin Government High School, Rajshahi
Haji Muhammad Mohsin Government High School or formerly known as  Rajshahi Government Madrasha is a secondary school located in Rajshahi in Bangladesh. It was founded by the Mohsin Endowment in 1874. During its establishment, this institution was established as a Madrasa. Later it was converted into a secondary school. In 2019, it was renamed after Muhammad Mohsin.

Muhammad Mohsin
Haji Muhammad Mohsin (c. 1732 – 29 November 1812) was a prominent Bengali Muslim philanthropist and Educator. His most notable contribution was establishing the Hooghly Mohsin College and the Hooghly Imambara. He also played a significant role during the Great Bengal famine of 1770 by helping thousands of victims.
Hills District Panthers
The Hills District Panthers is a defunct rugby league club from Brisbane, Australia.  The Panthers played only one year, 2005, in the Mixwell Cup and Mixwell Colts Challenge.  They were formed by the Arana Hills Panthers, a satellite club of the Wests Panthers, and while failed to make the finals of the Mixwell Cup, made the finals of the Mixwell Colts Challenge.

The Panthers adopted the Red and Black of Wests, along with Blue and White showed the Cronulla Sharks involvement with the club.

Towards the end of 2005, Hills District and Wests decided to enter a joint venture and be called Western Districts Panthers, playing out of Arana's Kev McKell Oval.

Wests Panthers
The Western Suburbs Panthers, or the West Brisbane Panthers, or often simply referred to as Wests for short, is a semi professional rugby league club based in the western suburbs of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. The club is the oldest in the QRL and despite absences from the top grade in recent years and several name changes the club continued to operate. After leaving the Queensland Cup, they participated in the Brisbane A-Grade competition from 2005 until their senior sides disbanding in 2012. In 2013, the club entered a voluntary hiatus, but was announced to be part of the revived Brisbane Rugby League.
Rhode Island Sound
Rhode Island Sound is a sound off the coast of the U.S. state of Rhode Island at the mouth of Narragansett Bay. It begins east of Block Island Sound, continues to the east to Buzzards Bay, and opens south into the Atlantic Ocean between Block Island and Martha's Vineyard.  The sound forms part of the Intracoastal Waterway.

Buzzards Bay
Buzzards Bay is a bay of the Atlantic Ocean adjacent to the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It is approximately 28 miles (45 kilometers) long by 8 miles (12 kilometers) wide. It is a popular destination for fishing, boating, and tourism. Buzzards Bay is often considered the finest sailing location on the East Coast  and is frequently compared in terms of sailing conditions to San Francisco Bay.  Since 1914, Buzzards Bay has been connected to Cape Cod Bay by the Cape Cod Canal. In 1988, under the Clean Water Act, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts designated Buzzards Bay to the National Estuary Program, as "an estuary of national significance" that is threatened by pollution, land development, or overuse.
Phoenix Unmanned Systems Regiment
The Main Department of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles "Phoenix" or the "Phoenix" Unmanned Systems Regiment is a regiment level Unmanned Systems unit of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, a part of the Pomsta Brigade. It is the largest and most successful UAV unit of the Ukrainian border guard. It was established in 2024 during the Russian invasion of Ukraine and is the sole border guard unit to be part of the presidential project "Drone Line", part of the Unmanned Systems Forces. Its commander Lieutenant Colonel Dmytro Oleksiuk has been awarded the Hero of Ukraine.

State Border Guard Service of Ukraine
The State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (abbr.  SBGSU; Ukrainian: Державна Прикордонна Служба України, romanized: Derzhavna Prykordonna Sluzhba Ukrainy, pronounced [derˈʒɑu̯nɐ prɪkorˈdɔnːɐ ˈsluʒbɐ ʊkrɐˈjinɪ]; abbr. ДПСУ, DPSU) is the border guard of Ukraine. It is an independent law enforcement agency, organized by the Constitution of Ukraine as a military formation, the head of which is subordinated to the President of Ukraine.

The Service was created on July 31, 2003, after the reorganization of the State Committee for Protection of the State Border. During wartime, units of the State Border Guard Service fall under the command of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The State Border Guard Service includes the Ukrainian Sea Guard, which is the country's coast guard. It is also responsible for running Temporary Detention Centres, in which refugees are held.
Beating net
A beating net is a device used to collect insects and arachnids. It mainly collects caterpillars, spiders, beetles, aphids and flies. The beating net consists of a white cloth stretched out on a circular or rectangular frame which may be dismantled for transport. It is held under a tree or shrub and then the foliage is shaken or beaten with a stick. Insects fall from the plant and land on the cloth. They can then be examined or collected using a pooter.

The beating net is also known as the beating tray or beating sheet. It is commercially known as a Japanese umbrella, mainly in Europe. It can also be confused for a beat sheet, an agricultural device of a similar name. A beat sheet is a white or yellow cloth draped over crop rows to capture insects.

The insect beating net was devised by George Carter Bignell. Use of the beating net replaced the use of the entomological umbrella and the clap-net.

Insect collecting
Insect collecting refers to the collection of insects and other arthropods for scientific study or as a hobby. Most insects are small and the majority cannot be identified without the examination of minute morphological characters, so entomologists often make and maintain insect collections. Very large collections are preserved in natural history museums or universities where they are maintained and studied by specialists. Many college courses require students to form small collections. There are also amateur entomologists and collectors who keep collections.

Historically, insect collecting has been widespread and was in the Victorian age a very popular educational hobby. Insect collecting has left traces in European cultural history, literature and songs, e.g., Georges Brassens's La chasse aux papillons (The Hunt for Butterflies). The practice is particularly common among Japanese youths.
Beylik of Constantine
The Beylik of Constantine (Arabic: بايلك قسنطينة, romanized: Bâylik Qasentina), Beylik of the Sunrise or Beylik of the East (Arabic: بيليك الشرق, romanized: Bâylik Ash-sharq or Bâylik Al-sharq) as was its official designation, was one of the three Beyliks of the Regency of Algiers (the other two being the Beylik of Titteri, also known as the Beylik of Médéa, and the Beylik of the West, also known as the Beylik of the Sunset).
The region liberated itself from the Hafsid Emirate of Béjaïa in the early 16th century, and constituted itself around Constantine in the mid to late 16th century. The Beylik collapsed in the 1837 siege of Constantine during the French conquest of Algeria. The Constantine department was formed upon the bases of the Beylik in 1848.

Siege of Constantine
The siege of Constantine was a blockade and assault on Constantine in October 1837 by French forces during the French conquest of Algeria. The decisive battle resulted in the collapse of the Beylik of Constantine led by Ahmed Bey.
Mahmeleh
Mahmeleh (Persian: محمله) is a city in, and the capital of, Mahmeleh District of Khonj County, Fars province, Iran. As a village, it was the capital of Mahmeleh Rural District until its capital was transferred to the village of Chah Tus.

Mahmeleh Rural District
Mahmeleh Rural District (Persian: دهستان محمله) is in Mahmeleh District of Khonj County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chah Tus. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Mahmeleh, now a city.
Madeline Carroll
Madeline Carroll (born March 18, 1996) is an American actress known for starring as Molly Johnson in Swing Vote, as Farren in The Spy Next Door, as Juli Baker in Flipped, as Janie Popper in Mr. Popper's Penguins and as Willow O'Neil in The Magic of Belle Isle.

Flipped (2010 film)
Flipped is a 2010 American romantic comedy-drama film co-written and directed by Rob Reiner, and based on Wendelin Van Draanen's 2001 novel of the same name. Starring Callan McAuliffe, Madeline Carroll, Rebecca De Mornay, Anthony Edwards, John Mahoney, Penelope Ann Miller, Aidan Quinn, and Kevin Weisman.

The film tells the story of Juli and Bryce, neighbors since the second grade who are never on the same page with their feelings until six years later (just when she is about to give up) they both start to have feelings for each other, despite being total opposites.

Flipped was released in theaters in the United States on August 6, 2010, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It garnered lukewarm reviews from critics and grossed $4.3 million against a $14 million budget. It has since garnered a greater appreciation for its realistic portrayal of teenagers and a wider viewership via home video and streaming services, so much so that it is now considered a cult favorite.
Klimaticket
The KlimaTicket is a unified transport pass in Austria, valid on most intercity trains and local public transport across the country. The ticket was introduced in 2021, with a price of €1,095 per year for adults. The KlimaTicket follows in the example of the various 365-Euro-Ticket season tickets, which have been available for certain local areas in Austria.

From 2026, the annual price will be €1,400 per year. There are reduced rates for people under 26, over 65 and for the disabled. These cost initially €821 per year (€2.25 per day). It was introduced on October 26, 2021, the Austrian national day. The KlimaTicket has inspired similar initiatives in other countries in Europe, including the Deutschlandticket.

365-Euro-Ticket
The 365-Euro-Ticket is the official or informal name given to public transport offers in Austria and Germany in some cities or regions for an annual ticket at the price of (approximately) 365 euros.

In Germany these offers are usually only for particular passenger groups such as students and apprentices. With the expiration of the temporary 9-Euro-Ticket (at the end of August 2022), several politicians and trade unionists in Germany demanded a nationwide 365-euro ticket for the general public.
Ship grounding
Ship grounding or ship stranding is the impact of a ship on seabed or
waterway side.  It may be intentional, as in beaching to land crew or cargo, and careening, for maintenance or repair, or unintentional, as in a marine accident. In accidental cases, it is commonly referred to as "running aground".

When unintentional, grounding may result simply in stranding, with or without damage to the submerged part of the ship's hull.  Breach of the hull may lead to significant flooding, which in the absence of containment in watertight bulkheads may substantially compromise the ship's structural integrity, stability, and safety.

Beaching (nautical)
Beaching (or landing) is the process in which a ship or boat is laid ashore, or grounded deliberately in shallow water. This is more usual with small flat-bottomed boats. Larger ships may be beached deliberately; for instance, in an emergency, a damaged ship might be beached to prevent it from sinking in deep water. Some vessels are designed to be loaded and unloaded by beaching; vessels of this type used by the military to disembark troops under fire are called landing craft.

During the age of sail, vessels were sometimes beached to allow them to be rolled over for the hull to be maintained, a process called careening.

Ships scheduled for break-up are sometimes intentionally beached to make the procedure easier.
Evelina London Children's Hospital
Evelina London Children's Hospital is a specialist NHS hospital in London, England. It is administratively a part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and provides teaching facilities for London South Bank University and King's College London School of Medicine. Formerly housed at Guy's Hospital in Southwark, it moved to a new building alongside St Thomas' Hospital in Lambeth on 31 October 2005.

Guy's Hospital
Guy's Hospital is an NHS hospital founded by philanthropist Thomas Guy in 1721, located in the borough of Southwark in central London. It is part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and one of the institutions that comprise the King's Health Partners, an academic health science centre. It is the large teaching hospital of GKT School of Medical Education.

The hospital's Tower Wing (originally known as Guy's Tower) was, when built in 1974, the tallest hospital building in the world, standing at 148.65 metres (487.7 ft) with 34 floors. The tower was overtaken as the world's tallest healthcare-related building by The Belaire in New York City in 1988. As of June 2019, the Tower Wing, which remains one of the tallest buildings in London, is the world's sixth-tallest hospital building.
Ulyanovsk constituency
The Ulyanovsk constituency (No.187) is a Russian legislative constituency in Ulyanovsk Oblast. The constituency covers northern half of Ulyanovsk, districts on the left bank of the Volga river, including Dimitrovgrad, as well as some rural areas to the south of Ulyanovsk.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Vladimir Kononov, three-term State Duma member, businessman and investor, who won the open seat, succeeding one-term Communist incumbent Alexey Kurinny after the latter successfully sought re-election only through party-list representation.

Radishchevo constituency
The Radishchevo constituency (No.188) is a Russian legislative constituency in Ulyanovsk Oblast. The constituency covers southern half of Ulyanovsk, its western suburbs and mostly rural western Ulyanovsk Oblast.

The constituency has been represented since 2016 by United Russia deputy Vladislav Tretyak, five-term State Duma member, 1972, 1976 and 1984 Olympic Champion ice hockey player.
Greg Bear
Gregory Dale Bear (August 20, 1951 – November 19, 2022) was an American science fiction writer. His work covered themes of conflict, consciousness, and accelerated evolution. The Forge of God and Anvil of Stars established his reputation. As time went on these works were rolled into lengthier trilogies and series. Along with Forge, popular series have included parallel universes in The Way and evolutionary themes in Darwin's Children.

He won numerous awards over the course of his career. His most awarded novel was Moving Mars, which won a Nebula Award. His last work was the 2021 novel The Unfinished Land. Greg Bear wrote over 50 books in total. He was one of the five co-founders of San Diego Comic-Con.

The Way (novel series)
The Way series is a trilogy of science fiction novels and one short story by American author Greg Bear published from 1985 to 1999. The first novel was Eon (1985), followed by a sequel, Eternity and a prequel, Legacy. It also includes The Way of All Ghosts, a short story that falls between Legacy and Eon.