hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gaetano Aloisi Masella
Gaetano Aloisi Masella (30 September 1826 – 22 November 1902) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1887 and served as Prefect of the Congregation of Rites from 1899 until his death.

Gaetano Aloisi Masella was born in Pontecorvo; he was the uncle of future cardinal Benedetto Aloisi Masella

Sacred Congregation of Rites
The Sacred Congregation of Rites was a congregation of the Roman Curia, erected on 22 January 1588 by Pope Sixtus V by Immensa Aeterni Dei; it was divided into two separate congregations by Pope Paul VI on 8 May 1969.

The Congregation was charged with the supervision of the liturgy and the process of canonization of saints.

As part of the reforms following the Second Vatican Council, Pope Paul VI's 1969 apostolic constitution Sacra Rituum Congregatio divided the congregation into: the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, and the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments.
Karabiner 98k
The Karabiner 98 kurz (German: [kaʁaˈbiːnɐ ˌʔaxtʔʊntˈnɔʏntsɪç ˈkʊɐ̯ts]; 'carbine 98 short'), often abbreviated Karabiner 98k, Kar98k or K98k and also sometimes incorrectly referred to as a K98 (K98 is a Polish copy of the Kar98a), is a bolt-action rifle chambered for the 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge. It was adopted on 21 June 1935 as the standard service rifle by the German Wehrmacht. It was one of the final developments in the long line of Mauser military rifles.

Although supplemented by semi-automatic and fully automatic rifles during World War II, the Karabiner 98k remained the primary German service rifle until the end of the war in 1945. Millions were captured by the Soviets at the conclusion of World War II and were widely distributed as military aid. The Karabiner 98k therefore continues to appear in conflicts across the world as they are taken out of storage during times of strife.

Mauser Standardmodell
The Standardmodell rifle (also known as Mauser Model 1924 or Mauser Model 1933) is a bolt-action rifle designed to chamber the 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge. The rifle was developed in 1924 but entered full-scale production in 1933. Officially designed for export and German security guards, it was used by the paramilitary Sturmabteilung (SA) and Schutzstaffel (SS). Export variants were used in South America, Ethiopia, China and the Iberian Peninsula. The carbine version of this rifle was almost identical with the Karabiner 98k that became the standard German service rifle during World War II.
Martha Parke Custis
Martha Parke Custis (1756 – June 19, 1773) was a stepdaughter of George Washington who died from an epileptic seizure at the age of 17, fifteen years before he was elected as the first president of the United States. She was the youngest child of Martha Custis, who later became known as Martha Washington, and Daniel Parke Custis, who died one year after she was born. She was called "Patsy" by her family.

Analysis of George Washington's diary entries describing Patsy Custis's seizures and the treatments she received have led modern medical historians to conclude that the cause of death was SUDEP, or sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Her death is considered one of the first well-documented descriptions in history of SUDEP by a witness, who happened to be George Washington.

Daniel Parke Custis
Daniel Parke Custis (October 15, 1711 – July 8, 1757) was an American planter and politician who was the first husband of Martha Dandridge. After his death, his widow, Martha Dandridge Custis, married George Washington who later became the first president of the United States after it achieved independence.
Lundtofte Flyveplads
Lundtofte Flyveplads (Lundtofte Aerodrome) is a former airport for both military and civilian use. Currently, the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) is built on the site. The airport opened in 1917 and the last flight was in 1959.

Technical University of Denmark
The Technical University of Denmark (Danish: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet), often simply referred to as DTU, is a polytechnic university and school of engineering. It was founded in 1829 at the initiative of Hans Christian Ørsted as Denmark's first polytechnic, and it is today ranked among Europe's leading engineering institutions. It is located in the town Kongens Lyngby, 12 km (7.5 mi) north of central Copenhagen, Denmark.

Along with École Polytechnique in Paris, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Eindhoven University of Technology, Technical University of Munich and Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, DTU is a member of EuroTech Universities Alliance.
Tróndur Bogason
Tróndur Bogason (born 5 April 1976 as Tróndur Bogason Hansen) is a Faroese composer and musician. He composes classical works, but he also arranges music for pop, rock and folk artists. He is married to the Faroese singer Eivør Pálsdóttir with whom he also works; they arranged her album Room together. Bogason was educated at the Royal Danish Academy of Music. He has been nominated three times for the  Nordic Council Music Prize and is one of the few who have received a three-year grant from Mentanargrunnur Landsins.

Eivør (singer)
Eivør Pálsdóttir (Faroese pronunciation: [ˈaivøːɹ ˈpʰɔl̥sˌtœʰtɪɹ]; born 21 July 1983), known mononymously as Eivør, is a Faroese singer-songwriter. Born and raised in Syðrugøta, she had her first televised performance  at the age of 13. Over the course of her decades-long career, her musical output has spanned a wide range of genres such as folk, art pop, jazz, folk rock, classical and electronica. She is the elder sister of singer Elinborg.
Pierrevert
Pierrevert (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁvɛʁ]; Occitan: Peiravèrd) is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeastern France.

It is at the centre of the Pierrevert wine appellation, that makes red, white and rosé. It includes some of the highest altitude vineyards in Provence. The area includes 800 hectares of vines, of which 450 are AOP, and 350 belong to the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence IGP. There are 7 producers (6 private estates and one co-operative).

Coteaux de Pierrevert AOC
Coteaux de Pierrevert (French pronunciation: [kɔto də pjɛʁvɛʁ]) is a wine-growing AOC in the western part of the Provence wine region of France, where the wines are produced in 11 communes of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence département. It is partly  located in the valley of the Durance river in the region of Manosque which is the northern part of Provence, it  is considered by the INAO however, to be an eastern extremity of the southern Rhône Valley.

Since 2011, it has been known as Pierrevert AOP instead of Coteaux de Pierrevert.
Afrasiab murals
The Afrasiab murals, also called the Paintings of the Ambassadors, is a rare example of Sogdian art. It was discovered in 1965 when the local authorities decided to construct a road in the middle of Afrāsiāb mound, the old site of pre-Mongol Samarkand. It is now preserved in a special museum on the Afrāsiāb mound.

Afrasiyab (Samarkand)
Afrasiyab is an ancient site in northern Samarkand, present-day Uzbekistan, that was occupied from c. 500 BC to 1220 AD prior to the Mongol invasion in the 13th century. The oldest layers date from the middle of the first millennium BC. Today, it is a hilly grass mound located near the Bibi Khanaum Mosque. Excavations uncovered the now famous Afrasiab frescoes exposed in the Afrasiab Museum of Samarkand, located next to the archaeological site.
Disappearance of Erin Foster and Jeremy Bechtel
Erin Foster and Jeremy Bechtel were two American teenagers from Sparta, Tennessee, who disappeared in April 2000. Their remains were eventually found in Foster's submerged vehicle in the Calfkiller River in 2021 by Jeremy Sides, a volunteer civilian cold-case investigator and YouTuber.

Sparta, Tennessee
Sparta is a city in and the county seat of White County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 5,001 in 2020.

The Calfkiller River flows through the city. Seven sites in Sparta are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Fergus Henderson
Fergus Henderson OBE (born 31 July 1963) is an English chef who founded the restaurant St. John on St John Street in London. He is known for his use of offal and other neglected cuts of meat as a consequence of his philosophy of nose to tail eating. Following in the footsteps of his parents, Brian and Elizabeth Henderson, he trained as an architect at the Architectural Association in London. Most of his dishes are derived from traditional British cuisine and the wines are all French.

Chefs Anthony Bourdain and Mario Batali have both praised Henderson for his dishes, which optimise British food while making full use of the whole animal. The critic A. A. Gill retracted his initial hostility to St John in the Sunday Times.

The Whole Beast
The Whole Beast: Nose to Tail Eating is a 2004 book by Fergus Henderson that deals with how to cook every part of a pig, including parts rarely used in western cuisine, such as offal. It was originally released as Nose to Tail Eating: A Kind of British Cooking in England in 1999, but was updated and revamped to be more comprehensive for the American edition, which was also re-released in the UK. The updated release featured a foreword written by Anthony Bourdain, author of Kitchen Confidential.

The New Yorker has described the book as the "Ulysses of the whole Slow Food movement" because of its international readership. New York magazine considered it a "cult cookbook".

The Whole Beast was given the André Simon Award for gastronomic literature in 2000.
Naval Staff (Sweden)
Naval Staff (Swedish: Marinstaben, MS) is the staff of the Chief of the Swedish Navy. Established in 1907, it originated from the Fleet Staff which was established in 1896. The Naval Staff's duties included, among other things to assist the Chief of the Navy with leadership of the Navy's mobilization, training, tactics, organization, equipment and personnel to the extent that such activity was not directly related to operational activities, which was handled by the Defence Staff. In 1994, the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters took over the Naval Staff's duties. The Naval Staff was reestablished in 2019.

Maritime Component Command
Maritime Component Command (Swedish: Marinens taktiska stab, MTS) was a part of the Joint Forces Command of the Swedish Armed Forces. The staff was located at the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters in Stockholm and is headed by the Chief of Navy. The Maritime Component Command commanded the operations of the Swedish Navy forces.
Zhang Dai
Zhang Dai (Chinese: 張岱; pinyin: Zhāng Dài; 1597–1684), courtesy name Zongzi (宗子) and pseudonym Tao'an (陶庵), was a Chinese essayist and historian. He was a gentleman essayist who was a biographer of his own privileged aristocratic family, a historian of the Ming dynasty, and a biographer of notable virtuous figures. He wrote his own obituary which included the lines: "He loved pretty maidservants, he loved handsome serving boys ... he loved perfect food ... he loved  paintings of flowers and birds."

Zhang was a prolific writer, having penned more than thirty books covering literature and history; however only a few of Zhang's numerous works remain extant today. His most famous books are:

Dream Memories of Tao'an,  written c. 1665.

Xi Hu Meng Xun (西湖夢尋; Search The West Lake in Dreams)

Dream Memories of Tao'an
Dream Memories of Tao'an (Chinese: 陶庵梦忆; pinyin: Táo'ān mèng yì) is a collection of autobiographical essays written by Ming dynasty scholar Zhang Dai (1597–1684), written c. 1665 but only published in 1775. It is considered one of Zhang's most famous works and an ideal example of the xiaopin style of essays produced during the late Ming dynasty.
Eiffel (programming language)
Eiffel is an object-oriented programming language designed by Bertrand Meyer (an object-orientation proponent and author of Object-Oriented Software Construction) and Eiffel Software. Meyer conceived the language in 1985 with the goal of increasing the reliability of commercial software development. The first version was released in 1986. In 2005, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) released a technical standard for Eiffel.

The design of the language is closely connected with the Eiffel programming method. Both are based on a set of principles, including design by contract, command–query separation, the uniform-access principle, the single-choice principle, the open–closed principle, and option–operand separation.

Many concepts initially introduced by Eiffel were later added into Java, C#, and other languages. New language design ideas, particularly through the Ecma/ISO standardization process, continue to be incorporated into the Eiffel language.

Ecma International
Ecma International (/ˈɛkmə/) is a nonprofit standards organization for information and communication systems. It acquired its current name in 1994, when the European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) changed its name to reflect the organization's global reach and activities. As a consequence, the name is no longer considered an acronym and no longer uses full capitalization.

The organization was founded in 1961 to standardize computer systems in Europe. Membership is open to large and small companies worldwide that produce, market, or develop computer or communication systems, and have interest and experience in the areas addressed by the group's technical bodies. It is located in Geneva.
Maddie Baillio
Maddie Baillio (born February 15, 1996) is an American actress and singer who appeared in the television special Hairspray Live and the film Dumplin'.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Baillio focused on her health. She became a vegan and started working out, ultimately shedding around 150 pounds over a two-year period. In 2022, she made her New York concert debut with a performance at Birdland Jazz Club.

Hairspray Live!
Hairspray Live! is an American television special that aired live on the American television network NBC on December 7, 2016. Produced by Craig Zadan and Neil Meron, and hosted by Darren Criss, it is a performance of a new adaptation of the 2002 Broadway musical Hairspray, which is based on the 1988 film of the same name. The special was produced by New Line Cinema, Warner Bros. Television, Storyline Entertainment, Sony Pictures Television and Universal Television.
Neverware
Neverware Inc was a New York–based technology company and a subsidiary of Google.

It was the developer of CloudReady, a distribution of Google's ChromiumOS designed to be installed on existing computers (as opposed to Google's commercial version, ChromeOS, which is sold primarily as pre-loaded software on netbooks). Neverware marketed CloudReady as a means to reuse older computers (particularly at schools), thus reducing electronic waste.

Although the company began with an exclusive focus on the US K-12 education sector, it announced in October 2017 its intention to use its Series B funding from Google to further expand into the enterprise market. On December 16, 2020, Neverware announced that it had been acquired by Google.

ChromeOS
ChromeOS (sometimes styled as chromeOS and formerly styled as Chrome OS) is a proprietary operating system designed and developed by Google. It is derived from the open-source ChromiumOS operating system (which itself is derived from Gentoo Linux), and uses the Google Chrome web browser as its principal user interface.

Google announced the project in July 2009, initially describing it as an operating system where applications and user data would reside in the cloud. ChromeOS was used primarily to run web applications. The operating system first shipped with Chromebooks in 2011. It is also offered since 2020 as an installable Linux distribution as ChromeOS Flex.

ChromeOS supports progressive web applications, Android apps from Google Play and Linux applications.

In 2025, Google announced that ChromeOS will be merged into Android as part of a project called AluminiumOS, with the new project using the Android kernel rather than the older "vanilla" Linux kernel based on Gentoo.
Juan Carlos Amorós
Juan Carlos Amorós López (born 3 June 1984) is a Spanish football manager who is currently the head coach of Gotham FC of the American National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). He previously managed NWSL club Houston Dash, and the women's sides of Spanish club Real Betis, and English club Tottenham Hotspur.

Tottenham Hotspur F.C. Women
Tottenham Hotspur Football Club Women, commonly referred to as Tottenham (/ˈtɒtənəm/) or Spurs, is an English women's football club affiliated with Tottenham Hotspur. The club currently compete in the Women's Super League (WSL), the top flight of women's football in England. The club gained promotion to the WSL after finishing second in the 2018–19 FA Women's Championship.

Tottenham Hotspur play its home games at Brisbane Road in Leyton, and occasionally at the Tottenham Hotspur Stadium. The club has been training full-time at Hotspur Way since 2020.

The club has won twelve titles, the most recent being the overall FA Women's Premier League in the 2016–17 season.
Adam Steltzner
Adam Diedrich Steltzner (born 1963) is an American NASA engineer who works for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). He worked on several flight projects including Galileo, Cassini, Mars Pathfinder, Mars Exploration Rovers (MER). He was the lead engineer of the Mars Science Laboratory's EDL phase (Entry, Descent and Landing), and helped design, build and test the sky crane landing system.

The media has portrayed Steltzner as a "rock and roll" engineer. NPR's Morning Edition said "he has pierced ears, wears snakeskin boots and sports an Elvis haircut," while the EE Times called him "a bit of a hipster" and a "new breed of engineer" who is media savvy.

Mars Science Laboratory
Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) is a robotic space probe mission to Mars launched by NASA on November 26, 2011, which successfully landed Curiosity, a Mars rover, in Gale Crater on August 6, 2012. The overall objectives include investigating Mars's habitability, studying its climate and geology, and collecting data for a human mission to Mars. The rover carries a variety of scientific instruments designed by an international team.
Debi Mazar
Debi Mazar Corcos (/ˈmeɪzɑːr/; born August 13, 1964) is an American actress and television personality. She began her career with supporting roles in Goodfellas (1990), Little Man Tate (1991), Singles (1992), and Batman Forever (1995), followed by lead roles on the legal drama series Civil Wars (1991-1993) and L.A. Law (1993-1994). She portrayed press agent Shauna Roberts on the HBO series Entourage. She starred as Maggie Amato on TV Land's Younger, and alongside her husband Gabriele Corcos in the Cooking Channel series Extra Virgin.

Gabriele Corcos
Gabriele Corcos (born October 7, 1972) is an Italian celebrity cook, entrepreneur, and television personality. He is the creator, host, and producer of Extra Virgin on the Cooking Channel. He is also the author of a New York Times best-selling cookbook, Extra Virgin. Corcos owned The Tuscan Gun Officine Alimentari in Windsor Terrace, Brooklyn, New York, which is now permanently closed.

He starred with his wife, Debi Mazar, in the television show, Extra Virgin Americana, which ran for eight episodes in early 2016 on The Cooking Channel. Corcos has involved himself with several anti-hunger charities.
Kapitan Cina
Kapitan Cina (lit. 'Captain of the Chinese'; Chinese: 華人甲必丹; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hôa-jîn Kap-pit-tan; pinyin: Huárén Jiǎbìdān; Dutch: Kapitein der Chinezen; Spanish: Capitán Chino), was a high-ranking government position in the civil administration of colonial Indonesia, Malaya, Singapore, Borneo and the Philippines. Office holders exercised varying degrees of power and influence: from near-sovereign political and legal jurisdiction over local Chinese communities, to ceremonial precedence for community leaders. Corresponding posts existed for other ethnic groups, such as Kapitan Arab and Kapitan Keling for the local Arab and Indian communities respectively.

Kapitan Keling
Historically, a Kapitan Keling was appointed by European authorities to govern local Indian communities in colonial territories in Southeast Asia, similar to the more widespread office of the "Kapitan Cina" for the Chinese community. "Keling" is a Malay term for people of Indian origin, nowadays considered offensive but was not so regarded historically.

Cauder Mohideen was the first Kapitan Keling of Penang. In 1795, Mohideen, Kapitan Cina Koh Lay Huan, and other prominent members of the newly founded Penang community formed the first Committee of Assessors to decide on the municipal rates and collection of taxes.

The name of Kapitan Keling Mosque, founded by Indian Muslim traders in 1801 and still a prominent Penang landmark, preserves the memory of this office.
Alfred Conlon
Colonel Alfred Austin Joseph Conlon (7 October 1908 – 21 September 1961) was the head of the Australian Directorate of Research and Civil Affairs (DORCA) in World War II. A controversial figure, he influenced events throughout the Pacific region in the second half of the 20th century, through the Australian School of Pacific Administration (ASOPA), which grew out of the directorate.

Australian School of Pacific Administration
The Australian School of Pacific Administration (ASOPA) was a tertiary institution established by the Australian Government to train administrators and later school teachers to work in Papua New Guinea.  It became the International Training Institute (ITI) in 1973 and provided management training for professionals from developing countries in the Pacific, Asia, Africa and the Caribbean. After a period as a base for consultants operating in the South Pacific for the Australian Development Assistance Bureau, it closed in late 1997.
Bale Messenger
Bale (Persian: بله, Yes) is an Iranian cloud-based, cross-platform, instant messaging (IM), social media, mobile payment and VoIP service developed by the National Bank of Iran. It is one of the most popular messaging apps in Iran and West Asia, with more than 35 million users. It allows users to send text and voice messages, share images and videos, make voice and video calls, share files and user locations, send money, pay bills, use bots, AI, services and more.

Because of its integration of banking, AI, services and messaging features, many of its functionalities are unique. Bale's client application runs on Android and can also be accessed from computers and iOS devices via it's web app. The service requires a mobile telephone number for registration.

Soroush Plus
Soroush Plus (Persian: سروش پلاس, Messenger angel) is an Iranian cross-platform, instant messaging (IM), social media and VoIP service developed by the Setak Houshmand Sharif. It is one of the most widely used messaging apps in Iran, with more than 35 million users. Soroush enables users to send text and voice messages, share images and videos, make voice and video calls, share files and locations, pay bills, and access AI and services.

Soroush is available on Android, iOS, macOS, Windows, Linux, and the web. Registration requires a mobile telephone number.