hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NS Railinfratrust
The Railinfratrust Company (RIT) is the owner of the rail infrastructure in the Netherlands. ProRail B.V. is the part of RIT that takes care of maintenance and extension of the national railway network infrastructure, of allocating rail capacity, and of traffic control. NS Railinfratrust is a government agency but is not the same company as  Nederlandse Spoorwegen. NS Railinfratrust consists of the following infrastructure management organisations: Railinfrabeheer (Rail Infrastructure Management, RIB); Railned (railway capacity allocation) (planning more than 52 hours before the day of the train service); Railverkeersleiding (Traffic Control) (planning from 52 hours before the day of the train service)

Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen ([ˈneːdərlɑntsə ˈspoːrˌʋeːɣə(n)] ⓘ, lit. 'Dutch Railways', NS [ɛnˈɛs] ⓘ) is the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands. It is a Dutch state-owned company founded in 1938.

The rail infrastructure is maintained by network manager ProRail, which was split off from NS in 2003. Freight operator NS Cargo merged with DB Cargo in 2000. NS runs 4,800 scheduled domestic trains a day, serving 1.1 million passengers. The NS also provides international rail services from the Netherlands to other European destinations and carries out concessions on some foreign rail markets through its subsidiary Abellio.
The Square Ring (1953 film)
The Square Ring is a 1953 British tragi-comic drama, directed by Basil Dearden and made at Ealing Studios. It stars Jack Warner, Robert Beatty and Maxwell Reed. The film, based on a 1952 stage play by Ralph Peterson, centres on one night at a fairly seedy boxing venue and tells the disparate stories of the fighters and the women behind them.

The Square Ring (play)
The Square Ring is a 1952 play by Ralph Peterson. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Brighton before transferring to the Lyric Theatre in Hammersmith where it ran for 39 performances between 21 October and 22 November 1952. The Lyric cast featured Liam Redmond, John Moffatt, Rex Garner, Ronald Lewis, Bill Owen, John Colicos, Bill Travers, George Rose, Peter Bayliss, Duncan Lamont, Hugh Goldie and Harry Towb.
Ozploitation
Ozploitation films are exploitation films – a category of low-budget horror, comedy, sexploitation and action films – made in Australia after the introduction of the R rating in 1971. The year also marked the beginnings of the Australian New Wave movement, and the Ozploitation style peaked within the same time frame (early 1970s to late 1980s).

Ozploitation is often considered a smaller wave within the New Wave, covering a wide range of genres from sexploitation, biker films, horror and even martial arts.

The origin of the term "Ozploitation" is credited to the documentary Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation!. This 2008 feature explores Ozploitation films made during the Australian New Wave. The film includes interviews with numerous figures involved in Ozploitation, as well as fans of the genre, including American director Quentin Tarantino, who coined the phrase "Aussiesploitation", which director Mark Hartley then shortened to "Ozploitation".

Australian New Wave
The Australian New Wave (also known as the Australian Film Revival, Australian Film Renaissance, or New Australian Cinema) was an era of resurgence in the worldwide popularity of the Australian cinema, particularly in the United States. It began in the early 1970s and lasted until the mid-late 1980s. The era also marked the emergence of Ozploitation, a film genre characterised by the exploitation of colloquial Australian culture.
Peter DeLuise
Peter John DeLuise (born November 6, 1966) is an American and Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter. He is known for his role as Officer Doug Penhall in the Fox TV series 21 Jump Street and for directing and writing episodes of science fiction television shows, particularly in the Stargate franchise. DeLuise has been a director on the Hallmark Channel original series When Calls the Heart since its third season, including writing the fifth episode of season nine. He is the son of actors Dom DeLuise and Carol Arthur. He is also the older brother of the fellow actors Michael DeLuise and David DeLuise.

Dom DeLuise
Dominick DeLuise (August 1, 1933 – May 4, 2009) was an American actor, comedian, director, musician, chef, and author. Known primarily for comedic roles, he rose to fame in the 1970s as a frequent guest on television variety shows. He is widely recognized for his performances in the films of Mel Brooks and Gene Wilder, as well as a series of collaborations and a double act with Burt Reynolds. Beginning in the 1980s, his popularity expanded to younger audiences from voicing characters in several major animated productions, particularly those of Don Bluth.
Takase, Kagawa
Takase (高瀬町, Takase-chō) is a former town located in Mitoyo, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 2019, the area had an estimated population of 15,294 in 6,048 households and a population density of 271 persons per km2. The total area is 56.36 km2.

On January 1, 2006, Takase merged with the towns of Mino, Nio, Saita, Takuma, Toyonaka and Yamamoto (all from Mitoyo District) to create the current city of Mitoyo and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Nio, Kagawa
Nio (仁尾町, Nio-chō) was a town located in Mitoyo District, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 6,896 and a density of 445.19 persons per km2. The total area was 15.49 km2.

On January 1, 2006, Nio, along with the towns of Mino, Saita, Takase, Takuma, Toyonaka and Yamamoto (all from Mitoyo District), was merger to create the city of Mitoyo and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Nio had a sister city relationship with Waupaca, Wisconsin.
North Henderson High School
North Henderson High School is a public high school located in Hendersonville, North Carolina. It is one of four public high schools located in Henderson County. North Henderson was founded in 1993, as the majority of students were moved from the now closed Edneyville High School. North is located adjacent to Apple Valley Middle school which inherited the vast majority of their students from Edneyville Junior High. As of 2016, North Henderson had 1,023 students enrolled and 64 teachers on staff.

Hendersonville, North Carolina
Hendersonville is a city in and the county seat of Henderson County, North Carolina, United States, located 22 miles (35 km) south of Asheville. Like the county, the city is named for 19th-century North Carolina Supreme Court Chief Justice Leonard Henderson.

As of the 2020 census, Hendersonville had a population of 15,137.
Vue.js
Vue.js (commonly referred to as Vue; pronounced "view") is an open-source model–view–viewmodel front end JavaScript framework for building user interfaces and single-page applications. It was created by Evan You and is maintained by him and the rest of the active core team members.

Web framework
A web framework (WF) or web application framework (WAF) is a software framework that is designed to support the development of web applications including web services, web resources, and web APIs. Web frameworks provide a standard way to build and deploy web applications on the World Wide Web. Web frameworks aim to automate the overhead associated with common activities performed in web development. For example, many web frameworks provide libraries for database access, templating frameworks, and session management, and they often promote code reuse. Although they often target development of dynamic web sites, they are also applicable to static websites.
Dathopa Tissa I
Dathopatissa I (Sinhala: පළමුවන දාඨෝපතිස්ස), also known as Dathasiva, was a King of the Anuradhapura Kingdom who reigned from 641 AD to 650 AD. His reign is defined by a fierce, decade-long civil war against Aggabodhi III and the heavy involvement of South Indian mercenary forces in Sri Lankan politics.

Aggabodhi III
Aggabodhi III (Sinhala: තුන්වන අග්බෝ), also known as Sirisangabo, was a monarch of the Anuradhapura Kingdom who reigned during a period of extreme political instability in the 7th century. His rule, spanning intermittently from 628 AD to 644 AD, is historically significant as the beginning of a "Dark Era" characterized by perpetual civil war and the first large-scale dependency on foreign mercenary armies.
Stella, Gateshead
Stella is a community in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, England. It lies on the south bank of the Tyne, about 5 miles (8 km) west of central Newcastle upon Tyne, between Blaydon (to the south-east) and Ryton (to the west). The area includes the Stella Park housing estate, built on the grounds of a mansion of the same name.

Ryton, Tyne and Wear
Ryton is a village in Tyne and Wear, England. It is in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead, historically part of County Durham. In 2011, the population of the Ryton, Crookhill and Stella ward was 8,146. It is 6 miles (9.7 km) west of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Muricinae
Muricinae is a taxonomic subfamily of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs within the large family Muricidae, the murex snails and rock snails.

The Muricinae represent approximately 780 valid names of fossil (378) and recent (400) species (Merle et al. 2011). This subfamily contains the true Murex, and many other closely related genera.

Muricidae
Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as murex snails or rock snails. With over 1,700 living species, the Muricidae represent almost 10% of the Neogastropoda. Additionally, 1,200 fossil species have been recognized. Numerous subfamilies are recognized, although experts disagree about the subfamily divisions and the definitions of the genera.
Many muricids have unusual shells which are considered attractive by shell collectors and by interior designers.
Hican
A hican is a tree resulting from a cross between a pecan and some other type of hickory (members of the genus Carya) - or the nut from such a hybrid tree.

Such crosses often occur naturally while most such hybrids produce unfilled nuts or have other serious flaws. Some have desirable qualities from both species and are propagated commercially for nut production. Their properties vary greatly with the particular ancestral species of hickory. Some produce very desirable nuts with a flavor said to be similar to the better types of hickory nuts (not all hickories produce palatable nuts) but far easier to shell.

Hickory
Hickory is a common name for trees composing the genus Carya, which includes 19 species accepted by Plants of the World Online.

Seven species are native to southeast Asia in China, Indochina, and northeastern India (Assam), and twelve are native to North America. A number of hickory species are used for their edible nuts or for their wood.
Seymour, Connecticut
Seymour is a town located in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Naugatuck Valley Planning Region. The population was 16,748 at the 2020 census. Seymour is bordered by the towns of Oxford and Beacon Falls to the north, Bethany and Woodbridge to the east, Ansonia and Derby to the south, and Shelton to the west.

Oxford, Connecticut
Oxford is a residential town located in western New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Naugatuck Valley Planning Region. The population was 12,706 at the 2020 Census. Oxford is the 26th-wealthiest town in the state by median household income. Distinct settled areas in the town include Oxford Center, Quaker Farms, and Riverside. Oxford belongs to the Bridgeport–Stamford–Norwalk Metropolitan Statistical Area, a subregion of the New York metropolitan area.
Operation New Arrivals
Operation New Arrivals (April 29 – September 16, 1975) was the relocation of 130,000 Vietnamese refugees from Pacific island staging areas to the United States.

Following the South-Vietnamese evacuation during the Fall of Saigon, Operation New Life, and Babylift at the end of the Vietnam War, refugees were relocated to the United States to begin assimilation and resettlement into American society.  251 C-141 and C-130 flights and 349 commercial flights airlifted the refugees to camps around the United States.
These camps consisted of Camp Pendleton, California (opened April 29), Fort Chaffee, Arkansas (opened May 2), Eglin Air Force Base, Florida (opened May 4), and Fort Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania (opened May 28).  The operation relocated, supported and sheltered the refugees until civilian agencies were able to resettle them.

Operation New Life
Operation New Life (23 April – 1 November 1975) was the care and processing on Guam of Vietnamese refugees evacuated before and after the Fall of Saigon, the closing day of the Vietnam War.  More than 111,000 of the evacuated 130,000 Vietnamese refugees were transported to Guam, where they were housed in tent cities for a few weeks while being processed for resettlement.  The great majority of the refugees were resettled in the United States.  A few thousand were resettled in other countries or chose to return to Vietnam on the vessel Thuong Tin.
Pectus carinatum
Pectus carinatum, also called pigeon chest or pigeon breast, is a malformation of the chest characterized by a protrusion of the sternum and ribs. It is distinct from the related malformation pectus excavatum.

Pectus carinatum has an estimated prevalence of approximately 1 in 1,000 to 1,500 live births, though specific figures vary geographically. It is generally less common than pectus excavatum. The condition is more frequently observed in males, with a male-to-female ratio ranging from 4:1 to 7:1. It typically becomes more noticeable during periods of rapid growth, such as early adolescence.

Pectus excavatum
Pectus excavatum is a structural deformity of the anterior thoracic wall in which the sternum and rib cage are shaped abnormally. This produces a caved-in or sunken appearance of the chest. It can either be present at birth or develop after puberty.

Pectus excavatum can impair cardiac and respiratory function and cause pain in the chest and back.

People with the condition may experience severe negative psychosocial effects and avoid activities that expose the chest.
Interpretation Act 1889
The Interpretation Act 1889 (52 & 53 Vict. c. 63) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that consolidated enactments relating to statutory construction and provided definitions to shorten the language used in acts of Parliament.

In Northern Ireland, Section 48(2) of the Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954 provided that without prejudice to 48(1) of that act, the Interpretation Act 1889 was to cease to apply to the interpretation of enactments. The whole Act, except paragraphs (4), (5) and (14) of section 13 in their application to Northern Ireland, was repealed by section 25(1) of, and Schedule 3 to, the Interpretation Act 1978.

In the Republic of Ireland, the application of the Interpretation Act 1889 was restricted to pre-1924 legislation by the Interpretation Act 1923, and repealed by the Interpretation Act 2005.

Interpretation Act 1978
The Interpretation Act 1978 (c. 30) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The act makes provision for the interpretation of acts of Parliament, Measures of the General Synod of the Church of England, Measures of the Church Assembly, subordinate legislation, "deeds and other instruments and documents", acts of the Scottish Parliament and instruments made thereunder (added 1998), and Measures and acts of the National Assembly for Wales and instruments made thereunder. The act makes provision in relation to: the construction of certain words and phrases, words of enactment, amendment or repeal of Acts in the Session they were passed, judicial notice, commencement, statutory powers and duties, the effect of repeals, and duplicated offences.

The Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954 applies in the same way to Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland or Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly.
Harriet Parsons
Harriet Oettinger Parsons (August 23, 1906 – January 2, 1983) was an American film producer, actress, director, and magazine writer; one of the few female producers in the United States at the time. Her mother was famed gossip columnist Louella Parsons.

Louella Parsons
Louella Rose Oettinger (August 6, 1881 – December 9, 1972), known by the pen name Louella Parsons, was an American gossip columnist and screenwriter. At her peak, her columns were read by 20 million people in 700 newspapers worldwide.

She was the first writer of a dedicated column on motion pictures in the United States, writing one in 1914 for the Chicago Record-Herald. She later started a similar column for the New York Morning Telegraph, being lured away by William Randolph Hearst's New York American in 1924 because she had championed Hearst's mistress Marion Davies. She subsequently became an influential figure in Hollywood and remained the unchallenged "Queen of Hollywood gossip" until the arrival of the flamboyant Hedda Hopper, with whom she feuded for years.
Hong Kong Community College
Hong Kong Community College (HKCC) is an affiliated and financially self-supporting college of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, a public research university in Hong Kong. Initially located on the PolyU campus, HKCC now has two campuses separated from the university.

HKCC offers associate degree and higher diploma programmes spanning the domains of arts, science, social sciences, business and the specialised areas of design and health studies for secondary school leavers.

With a floor area totalling over 57,000 square metres (610,000 sq ft), the two campuses provide teaching and recreational facilities, including lecture theatres, classrooms, a library, a computer centre, multi-purpose rooms, halls, sky gardens, a cafeteria and communal areas. Since its establishment, HKCC has helped over 36,600 graduates matriculate into bachelor's degree programmes.

Hong Kong Polytechnic University
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU or HKPU) is a public university in Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The university is one of the eight government-funded degree-granting tertiary institutions in Hong Kong. Founded in 1937 as the first Government Trade School, it is the first institution to provide technical education in Hong Kong. In 1994, the Legislative Council of Hong Kong passed a bill which granted the former Hong Kong Polytechnic official university status.

PolyU consists of 7 Faculties, 4 Schools and 1 College, offering programmes covering business, computer and mathematical sciences, construction & environment, engineering, health & social science, humanities, design, fashion & textiles, hotel and tourism management.
Charlestown, New Hampshire
Charlestown is a town in Sullivan County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,806 at the 2020 census, down from 5,114 at the 2010 census. The town is home to Hubbard State Forest and the headquarters of the Student Conservation Association.

The primary village in town, where 1,078 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined as the Charlestown census-designated place (CDP) and is located along New Hampshire Route 12. The town also includes the villages of North Charlestown, South Charlestown and Hemlock Center.

New Hampshire Route 12
New Hampshire Route 12 is a 62.773-mile (101.023 km) long north–south state highway in southwestern New Hampshire. Its southern terminus is at the Massachusetts state line in Fitzwilliam, where it continues south as Massachusetts Route 12. Its northern terminus is at the Vermont state line in Claremont (a terminus it shares with New Hampshire Route 103), where it continues north as Vermont Route 12. Most of the northern part of NH 12 runs along the Connecticut River.

Its number is derived from its original 1922 designation as New England Interstate Route 12 (also known as the "Keene Way"). Present-day Vermont Route 12, New Hampshire Route 12, Massachusetts Route 12 and Connecticut Route 12 still mostly follow the original route. The 283.3-mile (455.9 km) four-state series of State Route 12s extend from Morrisville, Vermont, to Groton, Connecticut.
Roger Rasheed
Roger Rasheed (born 10 March 1969) is an Australian former Australian rules football player, tennis player, tennis coach and tennis commentator with the Seven Network. Rasheed is best known as the coach of Australian former world No. 1 and major champion Lleyton Hewitt, former world No. 6 Gaël Monfils, former world No. 5 Jo-Wilfried Tsonga, former world No. 3 Grigor Dimitrov, and for his website ProTennisCoach.com. In addition, he is the founder of the Roger Rasheed Sports Foundation.

Lleyton Hewitt
Lleyton Glynn Hewitt (born 24 February 1981) is an Australian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 80 weeks, including as the year-end No. 1 in 2001 and 2002. Hewitt won 30 singles titles and 3 doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including two singles majors at the 2001 US Open and 2002 Wimbledon Championships, a doubles major at the 2000 US Open, the 2001 and 2002 Tennis Masters Cups in singles, and led Australia to Davis Cup crowns in 1999 and 2003. On 19 November 2001, Hewitt became the youngest man to reach No. 1 in the ATP singles rankings, at the age of 20 years, 268 days (until 19 years, 130 days old Carlos Alcaraz in 2022). He was also the runner-up at the 2004 US Open and 2005 Australian Open. As of the end of 2025, he remains the most recent Australian man to win a singles major.
Katakura Shigenaga
Katakura Shigenaga (片倉 重長, 1585 – May 16, 1659) was a Japanese samurai of the Azuchi-Momoyama period through early Edo period. The son of Katakura Kagetsuna, Shigenaga was the second man to bear the common name Kojūrō. His name was originally Shigetsuna; however, to avoid conflict with the fourth shōgun Ietsuna's name, he changed it to Shigenaga.

In 1614, he took part in the Osaka Campaign, fighting Gotō Matabei at Dōmyōji Temple.

Following the Osaka Campaign, Shigenaga married a daughter of Sanada Yukimura and his wife, Chikurin-in (Ōtani Yoshitsugu's daughter and adopted daughter of Toyotomi Hideyoshi), and adopted their second son, Sanada Daihachi, later known as "Katakura Heinosuke Morinobu". He also assisted many of the masterless former Sanada retainers.

He was succeeded by his maternal grandson also adopted son, Kagenaga.

Chikurin-in
Chikurin-in (竹林院) (1579/80 – June 27, 1649) was a Japanese noble lady of the late Azuchi-Momoyama through early Edo period. She was Ōtani Yoshitsugu's daughter, then she was adopted by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, before marrying Sanada Yukimura (Nobushige). She is described as having been very beautiful. They had two or three  sons and four daughters.
Despotate of Arta
The Despotate of Arta (Albanian: Despotati i Artës; Greek: Δεσποτάτο της Άρτας) was a despotate established by Albanian rulers during the 14th century, after the defeat of the local Despot of Epirus, Nikephoros II Orsini, by Albanian tribesmen in the Battle of Achelous in 1359. The Despotate ceased to exist in 1416, when it passed to Carlo I Tocco.

Battle of Achelous (1359)
The Battle of Achelous (Albanian: Beteja e Akelout) (also Battle of Acheloos) took place in 1358 or 1359 near the river Achelous in Aetolia, modern Greece, between the forces of the Despotate of Epirus under Nikephoros II Orsini and Albanian tribesmen under Karl Thopia. The Albanians defeated Orsini's troops and inflicted heavy casualties upon his forces, and Orsini himself was killed during the battle. Epirus was then divided amongst the Albanian clans, which resulted in the establishment of two despotates from regions previously part of the Despotate of Epirus: the Despotate of Arta and the Despotate of Angelokastron and Lepanto. Within Epirus, only the city of Ioannina remained under Greek governance and was not under the control of the Albanians.