hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jason Marsalis
Jason Marsalis (born March 4, 1977) is an American jazz drummer, vibraphone player, composer, producer, band leader, and member of the Marsalis family of musicians. He is the youngest son of Dolores Ferdinand Marsalis and the late Ellis Marsalis, Jr.

Ellis Marsalis Jr.
Ellis Louis Marsalis Jr. (November 14, 1934 – April 1, 2020) was an American jazz pianist and educator. Active since the late 1940s, Marsalis came to greater attention in the 1980s and 1990s as the patriarch of the Marsalis musical family, when sons Branford and Wynton became popular jazz musicians.
NZR W class
The NZR W class consisted of two steam locomotives built at the Addington Railway Workshops in Christchurch, New Zealand by the New Zealand Railways Department (NZR). They were the first locomotives to be built by NZR.

Almost all subsequent tank locomotive classes built by NZR were classified as sub-classes of the W class, e.g. WA, WAB, WB. The only exception was the Y class.

NZR WB class
The NZR WB class was a class of steam tank locomotives that operated in New Zealand. Built in 1898 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works, the twelve members of the class entered service during the first five months of 1899. Eight were withdrawn by the end of 1935, while four others survived with new boilers until the mid-1950s.
Kupittaa Football Stadium
Kupittaa Football Stadium (Finnish: Kupittaan jalkapallostadion; Swedish: Kuppis fotbollsstadion), officially Veritas Stadion for sponsorship reasons since 2003, is a football stadium in Turku, Finland. It is situated in the district of Kupittaa, in an area dedicated to sporting venues. The stadium serves as the home venue for the Veikkausliiga clubs FC Inter Turku and Turun Palloseura. Since 2023, the stadium has a capacity of 9,072 spectators.

FC Inter Turku
Football Club International Turku, commonly referred to as Inter Turku (Swedish: Inter Åbo) and colloquially known as Inter, is a Finnish professional football club based in Turku that competes in the Veikkausliiga, the top flight of Finnish football. Founded in 1990 by Stefan Håkans, the club has a rivalry with Turun Palloseura. Inter won one Finnish football championship title, two Finnish Cups, and three Finnish League Cups. They play home matches at Veritas Stadion, with a capacity of 9,372.
Water sleeves
Water sleeves (Chinese: 水袖; pinyin: shuǐxiù) are long, flowing silk sleeve extensions attached to the cuffs of costumes in Chinese opera, widely used by both male and female characters of higher social classes. They originated as part of traditional performance arts and serve to enhance the expressiveness of gestures, symbolizing emotions and adding visual elegance to movements. Water sleeves have become integral in Chinese classical dance, blending cultural tradition with modern artistic innovations, and remain a symbol of China's rich performing arts heritage.

Chinese opera costume
Xifu (Chinese: 戏服; pinyin: xìfú), also known as Chinese opera costume in English, are the stage clothes and attire worn in Chinese opera, such as Kunqu, Cantonese opera, Beijing opera, Huangmei opera. Some of these costumes bear some resemblance to the Hanfu system but also show some differences in terms of clothing ornaments and decorations, as well as colour system, and in design and construction. In 2006, the techniques used to produce Beijing opera costumes were included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
Limerick
Limerick (/ˈlɪmərɪk/ ⓘ LIM-ər-ik; Irish: Luimneach [ˈl̪ˠɪmʲ(ə)nʲəx]) is a city in western Ireland, in County Limerick. It is in the province of Munster and is in the Mid-West which comprises part of the Southern Region. With a population of 102,287 at the 2022 census, Limerick is the third-most populous urban area in Ireland, and the fourth-most populous city on the island of Ireland. It was founded by Scandinavian settlers in 812, during the Viking Age.

The city straddles the River Shannon, with the historic core of the city located on King's Island, which is bounded by the Shannon and Abbey Rivers. Limerick is at the head of the Shannon Estuary, where the river widens before it flows into the Atlantic Ocean. Limerick City and County Council is the local authority for the city.

County Limerick
County Limerick (Irish: Contae Luimnigh) is a western county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and is located in the Mid-West which comprises part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Limerick. Limerick City and County Council is the local council for the county. The county's population at the 2022 census was 209,536 of whom 102,287 lived in Limerick City, the county capital.
AdBlock
AdBlock is an ad-blocking browser extension for Google Chrome, Apple Safari (desktop and mobile), Firefox, Samsung Internet, Microsoft Edge and Opera. AdBlock allows users to prevent page elements, such as advertisements, from being displayed. It is free to download and use, and it includes optional donations to the developers. The AdBlock extension was created on December 8, 2009, which is the day that supports for extensions was added to Google Chrome. It was one of the first Google Chrome extensions that was made.

Since 2016, AdBlock has been based on the Adblock Plus source code.

In July 2018, AdBlock acquired uBlock, a commercial ad-blocker owned by uBlock LLC and based on uBlock Origin.

In April 2021, eyeo GmbH (developer of Adblock Plus) announced its purchase of AdBlock, Inc (formerly BetaFish, Inc).

Adblock Plus
Adblock Plus (ABP) is a free and open-source browser extension for content-filtering and ad blocking. It is developed by Eyeo GmbH, a German software company. The extension has been released for Mozilla Firefox (including mobile), Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Microsoft Edge, Opera, Safari, Yandex Browser, Samsung Internet, and Android.

In 2011, Adblock Plus and Eyeo attracted considerable controversy over its "Acceptable Ads" program to "allow certain non-intrusive ads" (such as Google Ads) to be allowed under the extension's default settings. While participation in the whitelisting process was free for small websites, large advertising companies were required to pay a fee in order for their ads to be whitelisted.
Marjolijn Verspoor
Marjolijn Verspoor (born 11 March 1952) is a Dutch linguist. She is a professor of English language and English as a second language at the University of Groningen, Netherlands. She is known for her work on Complex Dynamic Systems Theory and the application of dynamical systems theory to study second language development. Her interest is also in second language writing.

She is one of the members of the "Dutch School of Dynamic Systems" who proposed to apply time-series data to study second language development along with Kees Bot, Paul Geert, and Wander Lowie.

Wander Lowie
Wander Marius Lowie (born 14 October 1959) is a Dutch linguist. He is currently a professor of applied linguistics at the Department of Applied Linguistics at the University of Groningen, Netherlands. He is known for his work on Complex Dynamic Systems Theory.

He is one of the members of the "Dutch School of Dynamic Systems" who proposed to apply time-series data to study second language development along with de Bot, van Geert, and Verspoor.
Bernie's
Bernie's was a chain of American retail stores based in Enfield, Connecticut, operating locations throughout Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island in the United States. At one time the company was owned by the now defunct Newmark and Lewis.

The chain declared bankruptcy on January 14, 2010 and liquidated all stores by February 28, 2010.

Newmark and Lewis
Newmark and Lewis (sometimes stylized Newmark & Lewis) was an American chain of consumer electronics stores described by The New York Times as an appliance-store chain that was closed in 1992.

It was founded by Edward Newmark and Richard David Lewis in 1924. Problems of the industry of which it was part included cutthroat price competition, which caused low profit margins, and slow consumer purchasing cycles, the latter because of "lack of fresh products." When it closed in 1992, it had 26 remaining stores, having earlier closed even more than that.

Described as "the New York area's biggest retailer of electronics and appliances" by a financial writer at The New York Times, the firm had been listed on the American Stock Exchange.
Old Santeclaus with Much Delight
"Old Santeclaus with Much Delight" is an anonymous illustrated children's poem published in New York in 1821, predating by two years the first publication of "A Visit from St. Nicholas" ("Twas the Night before Christmas").  It is the first publication to mention (and illustrate) Santa Claus's reindeer and his sleigh, as well as being the first to describe his arrival on Christmas Eve. The accompanying illustrations are the earliest published artistic depictions of a Santa Claus figure.

A Visit from St. Nicholas
"A Visit from St. Nicholas" (often called "The Night Before Christmas" and "'Twas the Night Before Christmas", from its first line) is a poem, first published anonymously under the title "Account of a Visit from St. Nicholas", in 1823. Authorship has been attributed to Clement Clarke Moore, who claimed authorship in 1837; but it has also been suggested that Henry Livingston Jr. wrote it.

The poem has been called "arguably the best-known verses ever written by an American" and is largely responsible for some of the conceptions of Santa Claus from the mid-19th century to today. It has had a massive effect on the history of Christmas gift-giving. Before the poem gained wide popularity, American ideas had varied considerably about Saint Nicholas and other Christmastide visitors. "A Visit from St. Nicholas" was later set to music and has been recorded by several artists.
Ocean optics
Ocean optics is the study of how light interacts with water and the materials in water. Although research often focuses on the sea, the field broadly includes rivers, lakes, inland waters, coastal waters, and large ocean basins. How light acts in water is critical to how ecosystems function underwater. Knowledge of ocean optics is needed in aquatic remote sensing research in order to understand what information can be extracted from the color of the water as it appears from satellite sensors in space. The color of the water as seen by satellites is known as ocean color. While ocean color is a key theme of ocean optics, optics is a broader term that also includes the development of underwater sensors using optical methods to study much more than just color, including ocean chemistry, particle size, imaging of microscopic plants and animals, and more.

Water remote sensing
Water Remote Sensing is the observation of water bodies such as lakes, oceans, and rivers from a distance in order to describe their color, state of ecosystem health, and productivity. Water remote sensing studies the color of water through the observation of the spectrum of water leaving radiance. From the spectrum of color coming from the water, the concentration of optically active components of the upper layer of the water body can be estimated via specific algorithms.
Water quality monitoring by remote sensing and close-range instruments has obtained considerable attention since the founding of EU Water Framework Directive.
Saks Global
Saks Global Holdings LLC is an American holding company of department stores and commercial property. It was formed after the American assets of Canadian holding company Hudson's Bay Company were spun-off in November 2024, and expanded with the acquisition of the Neiman Marcus Group in December 2024.

Saks Global owns the full-line luxury stores Bergdorf Goodman, Neiman Marcus, and Saks Fifth Avenue; the off-price stores Neiman Marcus Last Call and Saks Off 5th; and home furnishings website Horchow. The company is divided into four business units: Saks Global Operating Group, Saks Global Properties & Investments, Bergdorf Goodman, and Authentic Luxury Group.

In January 2026, Saks Global filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection after accumulating a $4.7 billion  debt from its Neiman Marcus acquisition, amid a trend of American shoppers choosing experiential luxury and directly-operated monobrand luxury stores.

Neiman Marcus Group
Neiman Marcus Group was an American holding company of department stores. It was established after holding company Carter Hawley Hale spun-off several of the department store chains it owned in 1987. At the time of its two-fold acquisition by Toronto-based Hudson's Bay Company and spin-off into Saks Global in 2024, it owned the full-line luxury stores Bergdorf Goodman (based in New York City) and Neiman Marcus (based in Dallas); off-price store Neiman Marcus Last Call; and home furnishings website Horchow.
Joey DeGraw
Joseph "Joey" Wayne DeGraw (born August 21, 1973) is an American singer-songwriter, musician, voiceover actor & co-owner of The National Underground bar and record label, and brother of singer-songwriter Gavin DeGraw.  His first commercial release was the 2009 album, Say Something Strong.

Gavin DeGraw
Gavin Shane DeGraw (born February 4, 1977) is an American singer-songwriter. DeGraw rose to fame with his song "I Don't Want to Be" from his debut album Chariot (2003); the song became the main theme song for The WB/CW drama series One Tree Hill. Other notable singles from his debut album were the title track and "Follow Through".

His self-titled second album (2008) was preceded by the top 40-single "In Love with a Girl". His third album, Free (2009), saw a commercial decline and served as his final release with J Records. His fourth album, Sweeter (2011), spawned the hit single "Not Over You", along with "Soldier" and "Sweeter". In 2013, DeGraw released the album Make a Move, while in 2016 he released the album Something Worth Saving.
In 2022, he released Face the River and a documentary on how he made the record and how he dealt with his parents' deaths.

DeGraw's duet with Colbie Caillat on "We Both Know" for the 2013 film Safe Haven received a Grammy Award nomination.
Nuklo
Nuklo (Robert Frank, Jr.) is a fictional character, a mutant appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is the son of two characters featured in the Golden Age of Comic Books, the Whizzer and Miss America.

Whizzer (Robert Frank)
The Whizzer (Robert L. Frank) is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He first appeared during the period called the Golden Age of Comic Books.

The Whizzer has super-speed powers, which (in his original origin story) he acquired from an infusion of mongoose blood. He appeared in both USA Comics and All Winners Comics from 1941 to 1946, and was revived by Marvel in the 1970s.
Redfield, Arkansas
For people with the surname, see Redfield (surname).

Redfield, officially the City of Redfield, is a small city in Jefferson County, Arkansas, United States. Located about 24 miles (39 km) southeast of Little Rock, the city is part of the Pine Bluff, Arkansas, Micropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,505 in the 2020 census.

What is now Redfield was formerly part of the Quapaw Nation. Founded in 1880 by James K. Brodie, a 19th-century businessman; it was named for Jared E. Redfield, president of the Little Rock, Mississippi River and Texas Railway. It is home to two U.S. historic preservation districts.

Pine Bluff, Arkansas
Pine Bluff is a city in Jefferson County, Arkansas, United States, and its county seat. The population was 41,253 at the 2020 census, making it the tenth-most populous city in Arkansas.

Pine Bluff is situated in the southeast section of the Arkansas Delta and straddles the Arkansas Timberlands region to its west. Its topography is flat with wide expanses of farmland, similar to other places in the Delta Lowlands. Pine Bluff has numerous creeks, streams, and bayous, including Bayou Bartholomew, the longest bayou in the world and the second most ecologically diverse stream in the United States. Large bodies of water include Lake Pine Bluff, Lake Langhofer (Slack Water Harbor), and the Arkansas River.
Aida, Okayama
Aida (英田町, Aida-chō) was a town located in Aida District, Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,625 and a density of 57.17 persons per km2. The total area was 63.41 km2.

On March 31, 2005, Aida, along with the towns of Mimasaka (former), Ōhara and Sakutō, the village of Higashiawakura (all from Aida District), and the town of Katsuta (from Katsuta District), was merged to create the city of Mimasaka.

In the 1990s, Aida's TI Circuit hosted two Formula One races called the Pacific Grand Prix.

Mimasaka, Okayama (town)
Mimasaka (美作町, Mimasaka-chō) was a town located in Aida District, Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

As of October 2004, the town had an estimated population of 12,856 and a density of 147.82 persons per km2. The total area was 86.97 km2.

On March 31, 2005, Mimasaka absorbed the towns of Aida, Ōhara and Sakutō, the village of Higashiawakura (all from Aida District), and the town of Katsuta (from Katsuta District) to create the city of Mimasaka.
Palembang language
Palembang, also known as Palembang Malay (Baso Pelémbang), is a Malayic variety of the Musi dialect chain primarily spoken in the city of Palembang and nearby lowlands, and also as a lingua franca throughout South Sumatra. Since parts of the region used to be under direct Javanese rule for quite a long time, Palembang is significantly influenced by Javanese, down to its core vocabularies.

While the name Palembang in the broad sense can also refer to the Musi dialect group as a whole, it is most commonly used as an endonym for the speech used in the city and its immediate rural vicinity.

In 2008, all the ISO 639-3 codes for Musi dialects, including [plm] for Palembang, were retired and merged into [mui] Musi. The old codes ([plm], [lmt], [pen], [rws]) are no longer in active use, but still have the meaning assigned to them when they were established in the Standard.

Malayic languages
The Malayic languages are a branch of the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian language family. The most prominent member is Malay, a pluricentric language given national status in Brunei and Singapore while also providing the basis for national standards Malaysian in Malaysia and Indonesian in Indonesia. The Malayic branch also includes local languages spoken by ethnic Malays (e.g. Jambi Malay, Kedah Malay), further several languages spoken by various other ethnic groups of Sumatra, Indonesia (e.g. Minangkabau) and Borneo (e.g. Banjarese, Iban) even as far as Urak Lawoi in the southwestern coast of Thailand.

The most probable candidate for the urheimat of the Malayic languages is western Borneo prior to spread in Sumatra.
Little Bookham
Little Bookham is a village in the Mole Valley district, in Surrey, England between Great Bookham and Effingham. It is home to several listed historical buildings, included in a large conservation area, along with Ye Olde Windsor Castle public house, Manor House School, and All Saints' Church.  The village is centred immediately north of the North Downs and is contiguous with Great Bookham, the two divisions of Bookham having been made in the early medieval period.

Great Bookham
Great Bookham is a village in the Mole Valley district, in Surrey, England, one of six semi-urban spring line settlements between the towns of Leatherhead and Guildford. With the narrow strip parish of Little Bookham, it forms part of the Saxon settlement of Bocham ("the village by the beeches"). The Bookhams are surrounded by common land, and Bookham railway station in Church Road, Great Bookham, serves both settlements.

The villages are astride the A246, which is the direct route between the two towns. Once two distinct villages, the Bookhams have long been interconnected with residential roads which give the impression of one large village.

On the southern edge of the village is Polesden Lacey, a country house surrounded by more than 1,000 acres (4.0 km2) of grounds. It is owned by the National Trust and open to the public.
Sodankylä Church
The Sodankylä Church (Finnish: Sodankylän kirkko; Northern Sami: Soađegili girku) is the 19th-century grey stone church located in the Sodankylä municipality in Lapland, Finland. The building was designed by Ludvig Isak Lindqvist, and it was completed in 1859. It is located about 100 meters from Sodankylä's old church, built in 1689.

Sodankylä Old Church
Sodankylä Old Church (also known as the Lapp Church; Finnish: Sodankylän vanha kirkko; Northern Sami: Soađegili boares girku) is a 17th-century wooden church located near the Kitinen River in the Sodankylä municipality in Lapland, Finland.

The church is one of the oldest preserved wooden churches in Finland. It is one of twelve surviving block-pillar churches in Finland and Sweden and has been described as the "best preserved in its original form in Finland". Both church and its yard area are classified by the Finnish Heritage Agency to the most nationally significant built cultural environments.

It has a capacity of about 200 and is used for weddings and smaller events.
Violet Lindesay-Bethune, Viscountess Garnock
Violet Diana Louise Lindesay-Bethune, Viscountess Garnock (née Lady Violet Manners; 18 August 1993) is a British socialite, businesswoman, and model. She began her career in fashion modelling for Tatler and Dolce & Gabbana. She then went into historic preservation and heritage, co-producing the podcast Duchess with her mother, Emma Manners, Duchess of Rutland, and organizing overnight stays at her family home, Belvoir Castle, as part of a curated English Heritage tour.

She is the founder and CEO of HeritageXplore, a digital listings and ticketing platform for independently owned historic castles, palaces, and country houses in the United Kingdom. She is married to William Lindesay-Bethune, Viscount Garnock, the son and heir of James Lindesay-Bethune, 16th Earl of Lindsay.

Emma Manners, Duchess of Rutland
Rachel Emma Manners, Duchess of Rutland (née Watkins; born 2 September 1963) is a British noblewoman and podcaster. She is the estranged wife of David Manners, 11th Duke of Rutland, and chief executive of Belvoir Castle, the family estate.
United States Statutes at Large
The United States Statutes at Large, commonly referred to as the Statutes at Large and abbreviated Stat., are an official record of Acts of Congress and concurrent resolutions passed by the United States Congress.

Each act and resolution of Congress is originally published as a slip law, which is classified as either public law (abbreviated Pub.L.) or private law (Pvt.L.), and designated and numbered accordingly. At the end of a congressional session, the statutes enacted during that session are compiled into bound books, known as "session law" publications. The United States Statutes at Large is the name of the session law publication for U.S. Federal statutes. The public laws and private laws are numbered and organized in chronological order.

U.S. Federal statutes are published in a three-part process, consisting of slip laws, session laws (Statutes at Large), and codification (United States Code).

Slip law
In the United States, a slip law is an individual Act of Congress which is either a public law (Pub.L.) or a private law (Pvt.L.). Slip laws are published as softcover unbound pamphlets, each with its own individual pagination.  They are part of a three-part model for publication of federal statutes consisting of slip laws, session laws, and codification. Session laws are compiled into the Statutes at Large (Stat.), and codification results in the United States Code (U.S.C.).

Public and private laws are prepared and published by the Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). At the end of a Congressional session, slip laws are compiled into the Statutes at Large, which are called "session laws", published by the Government Printing Office (GPO). Today, most of the public laws, but not private laws, are drafted as amendments to the United States Code.