hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
In Defence of the Bush
In Defence of the Bush is a popular poem by Australian writer and poet Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson. It was first published in The Bulletin magazine on 23 July 1892 in reply to fellow poet Henry Lawson's poem, Up The Country. Paterson's rebuttal sparked the Bulletin Debate, a series of poems by both Lawson and Paterson about the true nature of life in the Australian bush.

In Up The Country, Lawson had criticised "The City Bushman" such as Banjo Paterson who tended to romanticise bush life. Paterson, in turn, accused Lawson of representing bush life as nothing but doom and gloom, famously ending with the line "For the bush will never suit you, and you'll never suit the bush."

Up the Country
"Up The Country" is a popular poem by iconic Australian writer and poet Henry Lawson. It was first published in The Bulletin magazine on 9 July 1892, under the title "Borderland." Its publication marked the start of the Bulletin Debate, a series of poems by both Lawson and Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson asserting contrasting views of the true nature of life in the Australian bush.

In Up The Country, Lawson recounts his trip to the barren and gloomy Australian bush, and criticises "City Bushmen" such as Banjo Paterson who tended to romanticize bush life.

Paterson later responded with a poem of his own, entitled In Defense of the Bush, in which he accused Lawson of representing bush life as nothing but doom and gloom, famously ending with the line "For the bush will never suit you, and you'll never suit the bush."
Santosh Kumar Roy (Assam politician)
Santosh Kumar Roy was an Indian politician from the state of Assam. He was a former Member of Assam Legislative Assembly for Katlicherra. He was the father of Gautam Roy, father in law of Mandira Roy, grandfather of Rahul Roy and grandfather in law of Daisy Roy.

Gautam Roy
Gautam Roy (born 14 November 1948) is a politician of the Hailakandi District of Assam. He was six times MLA from Katlicherra constituency. He was also minister in Hiteswar Saikia and the Tarun Gogoi led Congress ministry several times. Gautam Roy was the vice president of BCCI and also the president of Assam Cricket Association. Currently he is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Corner of a Café-Concert
Corner of a Café-Concert is an 1879 oil-on-canvas painting by Édouard Manet, now in the National Gallery, London. The painting was inspired by waitresses in the Brasserie de Reichshoffen (a beer hall) in Paris, and it depicts a waitress at work. Corner of a Café-Concert and Manet's At the Café are two halves of what was once a larger painting. Manet also created a related painting in The Waitress. Corner of a Café-Concert was controversial in Manet's time because of the waitress's assumed position as a prostitute.: 147

The Waitress (Manet)
The Waitress (French - La Serveuse de bocks) is an 1879 oil on canvas painting by Édouard Manet. It directly relates to his Corner of a Café-Concert (National Gallery) and some art historians consider it to be a secondary version or preparatory work for Corner.
Short Message Peer-to-Peer
Short Message Peer-to-Peer (SMPP) in the telecommunications industry is an open, industry standard protocol designed to provide a flexible data communication interface for the transfer of short message data between External Short Messaging Entities (ESMEs), Routing Entities (REs) and SMSC.

SMPP is often used to allow third parties (e.g. value-added service providers like news organizations) to submit messages, often in bulk, but it may be used for SMS peering as well. SMPP is able to carry short messages including EMS, voicemail notifications, Cell Broadcasts, WAP messages including WAP Push messages (used to deliver MMS notifications), USSD messages and others. Because of its versatility and support for non-GSM SMS protocols, like UMTS, IS-95 (CDMA), CDMA2000, ANSI-136 (TDMA) and iDEN, SMPP is the most commonly used protocol for short message exchange outside SS7 networks.

Short Message service center
A Short Message Service Center (SMSC) is a network element in the mobile telephone network. Its purpose is to store, forward, convert and deliver Short Message Service (SMS) messages.

The full designation of an SMSC according to 3GPP is Short Message Service - Service Center (SMS-SC).8522076203
Mathematical Association of America
The Mathematical Association of America (MAA) is a professional society that focuses on mathematics accessible at the undergraduate level. Members include university, college, and high school teachers; graduate and undergraduate students; pure and applied mathematicians; computer scientists; statisticians; and many others in academia, government, business, and industry.

The MAA was founded in 1915 and is headquartered at 11 Dupont in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The organization publishes mathematics journals and books, including the American Mathematical Monthly (established in 1894 by Benjamin Finkel), the most widely read mathematics journal in the world according to records on JSTOR.

The American Mathematical Monthly
The American Mathematical Monthly is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of mathematics. It was established by Benjamin Finkel in 1894 and is published by Taylor & Francis on behalf of the Mathematical Association of America. It is an expository journal intended for a wide audience of mathematicians, from undergraduate students to research professionals. Articles are chosen on the basis of their broad interest and reviewed and edited for quality of exposition as well as content. The editor-in-chief is Annalisa Crannell.
The journal gives the Lester R. Ford Award annually to "authors of articles of expository excellence" published in the journal.
Cochise tradition
The Cochise tradition (also Cochise culture) is the southern archeological tradition of the four Southwestern Archaic traditions, in the present-day Southwestern United States.

The Cochise tradition lasted nearly five millennia, from circa 5000 until circa 200 BC. Its earliest manifestation is known as Sulphur Spring; its two later phases, the Chiricahua and San Pedro, are much better known. The Cochise tradition was named after Lake Cochise, an ancient lake now found in the Willcox Playa of Cochise County, Arizona. The Cochise tradition appears to be ancestral to the prehistoric Mogollon (Mimbres) and Hohokam traditions.

The Cochise tradition is part of the Picosa culture, which encapsulates the Archaic lifestyles of people from three locations with interconnected artifacts and lifestyles. It was named by Cynthia Irwin-Williams in the 1960s for those areas: Pinto Basin (PI), Cochise tradition (CO), and San Jose (SA), which together are called "Picosa".

Archaic period (North America)
In the classification of the archaeological cultures of North America, the Archaic period in North America, taken to last from around 8000 to 1000 BC in the sequence of North American pre-Columbian cultural stages, is a period defined by the archaic stage of cultural development. The Archaic stage is characterized by subsistence economies supported through the exploitation of nuts, seeds, and shellfish.  As its ending is defined by the adoption of sedentary farming, this date can vary significantly across the Americas.

The term "Archaic Period" is also as a timespan label elsewhere in the Americas, with different timespans than the North American Archaic.
Albanian war dances
Albanian war dances (Albanian: valle luftarake or loja luftarake) are war dances performed by the Albanian people. They have been historically performed before Albanians' departure for the battle front, but in recent times they have been traditionally performed during particular events and feasts. The war dances differ in both form and content according to the Albanian ethnographic area.

War dance
A war dance is a dance involving mock combat, usually in reference to tribal warrior societies where such dances were performed as a ritual connected with endemic warfare.  
Martial arts in various cultures can be performed in dance-like settings for various reasons, such as for evoking ferocity in preparation for battle or showing off skill in a more stylized manner. It could also be for celebration of valor and conquest. Many such martial arts incorporate music, especially strong percussive rhythms.

War dances can overlap with sword dances and other forms of weapon dance, utilizing weapons or replications as part of the artistic performance.

Egyptian Tahtib

Papuan war dance from Yapen, Papua

Capoeira is a martial art traditionally performed with a dance-like flavor and to live musical accompaniment, as seen depicted here.
Joe Mesi
"Baby" Joe Mesi (born November 27, 1973) is an American former professional boxer and Democratic Party politician from Tonawanda, New York.

During his career, he defeated former world champion Vassily Jirov as well as former title challengers Bert Cooper, Monte Barrett, DaVarryl Williamson, and Jorge Luis González.

Vassiliy Jirov
Vassiliy Valeryevich Jirov (Russian: Васи́лий Вале́рьевич Жи́ров; born 4 April 1974), sometimes known as Vasily Zhirov, is a Kazakhstani former professional boxer who competed from 1997 to 2009, and held the IBF cruiserweight title from 1999 to 2003. As an amateur he won a gold medal at the 1996 Olympics, as well as consecutive bronzes at the 1993 and 1995 World Championships, all in the light heavyweight division.
Ivana Hong
Ivana Hong (born December 11, 1992, in Worcester, Massachusetts) is an American former artistic gymnast. She was a member of the gold medal American team at the 2007 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships and the all-around bronze medalist at the 2007 Pan American Games.  Hong was named an alternate to the 2008 U.S. Olympic team and was a member of the U.S. Women's Team in the 2009 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in London.

Hong is of Chinese and Vietnamese ancestry. Hong lived in Blue Springs, Missouri, and trained at Great American Gymnastics Express (GAGE) for four years. She also trained under Valeri Liukin at the World Olympic Gymnastics Academy (WOGA). She competed for Stanford University from 2012 to 2016.

Valeri Liukin
Valeri Viktorovich Liukin (Russian: Валерий Викторович Люкин; born 17 December 1966 in Aktyubinsk, Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union) is a Kazakh-American retired artistic gymnast currently working as a gymnastics coach. Representing the former Soviet Union, Liukin was the 1988 Olympic champion in the team competition and individually on the horizontal bar, and Olympic silver medalist in the all-around and the parallel bars.

Liukin was the first man to do a triple back flip on floor and both a layout Tkatchev and a Jaeger with full twist on high bar. He also has one of the most difficult skills in men's artistic gymnastics named after him, the triple back (tucked) somersault.
Elha Nympha
Elha Mae Fronda Nympha (born April 16, 2004) is a Filipino singer who won the second season of The Voice Kids in 2015. She started singing at the age of 3 and started joining a school competition at the age of 7, where she won a Rotary Club competition on Amaranth on February 18, 2014. At the age of 9, she auditioned for the first season of The Voice Kids but did not make it. In 2015, she auditioned for the second season, which she won.

Nympha won a recording contract with MCA Music Inc. (Philippines), a Universal Music Group company in 2015, with her self-titled studio album, Elha, released on October 7, 2016, with the carrier singles "Susunduin", "Emotions", and "Love on Top".

Nympha was a member of the all-female vocal group New Gen Divas together with Janine Berdin, Sheena Belarmino and Fana.

Sheena Belarmino
Sheena Librel Belarmino (born December 15, 2005) is a Filipino singer, dancer, and actress. She rose to prominence after becoming a grand finalist on Tawag ng Tanghalan Kids in 2017 alongside TNT boys. In 2015, she joined Dance Kids and made it into the quarter-finals. Belarmino also garnered a record of most wins (5 wins) on Your Face Sounds Familiar Kids Season 2 where she emerged as the 4th placer in the Grand Finals. Belarmino was a member of the all-female vocal group New Gen Divas along with Elha Nympha, Zephanie and Janine Berdin.
Upper Bukit Timah factory murders
On 15 June 1969, at a factory in Singapore's Upper Bukit Timah, two Hongkongers, Kan Sze Hing (Chinese: 简细卿; pinyin: Jiǎn Xìqìng) and Leung Fung (Chinese: 梁峰; pinyin: Liáng Fēng), who were workers of the factory were murdered by two men during a robbery bid. The robbers, identified as 20-year-old Liew Kim Siong (Chinese: 刘钦旋; pinyin: Líu Qìnxuán) and 19-year-old Kee Ah Tee (Chinese: 祁亚弟; pinyin: Qì Yàdì), were arrested and charged with the double murder, and investigations revealed that the two suspects and a third person had planned to rob Leung for money on the date of the stabbings. Although the two youths denied committing the double murder and put up a defence that they were not inside the factory at the time of the killings, both Liew and Kee were found guilty of murdering both Leung and Kan, and sentenced to death by the High Court in May 1970. The youths were eventually hanged in 1972 after losing their appeals against the death penalty.

Capital punishment in Singapore
Executions in Singapore are carried out by long drop hanging, and usually take place at dawn. Thirty-three offences—including murder, drug trafficking, terrorism, use of firearms and kidnapping—warrant the death penalty under Singaporean law.

In 2012, Singapore amended its laws to exempt some offences from the mandatory death sentence. In a 2005 survey by The Straits Times, 95% of Singaporeans were of the view that their country should retain the death penalty. The support steadily fell throughout the years due to the increasing liberal opinions of society. Despite the decline, a large majority of the public remains supportive of the use of the death penalty, with more than 80% of Singaporeans believing that their country should retain the death penalty in 2021.

The most recent execution conducted in Singapore took place on 13 February 2026, when a 62-year-old Singaporean was hanged for trafficking not less than 29.06g of diamorphine in his possession.
Picadillo
Picadillo (Spanish pronunciation: [pikaˈðiʝo], "mince") is a traditional dish in many Latin American countries including Mexico and Cuba, as well as the Philippines. It is made with ground meat (most commonly beef), tomatoes (tomato sauce may be used as a substitute), and also raisins, olives, and other ingredients that vary by region. The name comes from the Spanish word picar, meaning "to mince".

Picadillo can be eaten alone, though it is usually served with rice. It can also be used as a filling in tacos, empanadas, alcapurrias, and other savory pastries or croquettes. It can also be incorporated into other dishes, like pastelón (Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico), chiles en nogada (Mexico), and arroz a la cubana (Philippines).

Empanada
An empanada is a type of baked or fried turnover consisting of pastry and filling, common in Spain, Portugal, other Southern European countries, North African countries, West African countries (where they are known as meatpies in Nigeria), South Asian countries, Latin American countries, and the Philippines. The name comes from the Spanish empanar (to bread, i.e., to coat with bread), and translates as 'breaded', that is, wrapped or coated in bread. They are made by folding dough over a filling, which may consist of meat, cheese, tomato, corn, or other ingredients, and then cooking the resulting turnover, either by baking or frying.
University of Balamand
The University of Balamand (UOB; Arabic: جامعة البلمند) is a private university in northern El-Koura, Lebanon.  The university is affiliated with the Greek Orthodox Church in Lebanon, but operates as a quasi-secular institution, welcoming faculty, students, and staff from all faiths and national or ethnic origins.

Koura District
Koura District (Arabic: ٱلْكُورَة, from Greek: χώρα, lit. 'country')  is a district in the North Governorate, Lebanon.

Koura is one of the 26 districts of Lebanon, particularly known for its olive tree cultivation and olive oil production. It comprises a total of 52 villages, and its capital and largest town is Amioun, with about 10,000 inhabitants as of 2010. 
The district stretches from the Mediterranean Sea up to Mount Lebanon, and comprises a series of foothills surrounding a low-lying plain where olive is cultivated. The olive orchards of Koura are among the most extensive in Lebanon.

The University of Balamand is headquartered in the Koura District.
Nicholas Spencer
Colonel Nicholas Spencer (1633 – 23 September 1689) was an English-born merchant, planter and politician in colonial Virginia. Born in Cople, Bedfordshire, Spencer migrated to the Westmoreland County, Virginia, where he became a planter and which he twice briefly represented in the Virginia House of Burgesses. Spencer later served as the colony's Secretary and on the Governor's Council, rising to become its President. On the departure of his cousin Thomas Colepeper, 2nd Baron Colepeper in 1683, he was named Acting Governor (1683–84), in which capacity Spencer served until the arrival of Governor Lord Howard of Effingham. Spencer's role as agent for the Colepepers helped him and his cousin Lt. Col. John Washington, ancestor of George Washington, secure the patent for their joint land grant of the Mount Vernon estate.

John Washington
John Washington (1633 – 1677) was an English-born merchant, planter, politician and militia officer. Born in Tring, Hertfordshire, he subsequently immigrated to the English colony of Virginia and became a member of the planter class. In addition to serving in the Virginia militia and owning several slave plantations, Washington also served for many years in the House of Burgesses, representing Westmoreland County. He was the first member of the Washington family to live in North America and was a paternal great-grandfather of George Washington, the first president of the United States.
Conflict (narrative)
Conflict is a major element of narrative or dramatic structure in literature, particularly European and European diaspora literature starting in the 20th century, that adds a goal and opposing forces to add uncertainty as to whether the goal will be achieved. In narrative, conflict delays the characters and events from reaching a goal or set of goals. This may include main characters or it may include characters around the main character.

Despite this, conflict as a concept in stories is not universal as there are story structures that are noted to not center conflict such as griot, morality tale, kishōtenketsu, ta'zieh and so on.

Kishōtenketsu
Kishōtenketsu (起承転結) describes the four-part structure of many classic Chinese, Korean, Japanese and Vietnamese narratives. The parts can be summarized as: introduction, development, twist or reversal, and resolution.

Kishōtenketsu as a narrative structure does not center on conflict as part of its structure, especially when compared to common Western narrative structures like the three-act structure and Joseph Campbell's "Hero's Journey." This has led to the structure being popularly described as "without conflict," although narratives created using kishōtenketsu, such as the 2019 South Korean film Parasite, can and often do contain conflict.

Kishōtenketsu also is not symmetrical in structure in that it deliberately holds back a major story element until the third of four acts, which often changes the genre of the story.
JMSDF Kure Naval Base
The Kure Naval Base (Japanese: 呉基地, Hepburn: Kure Kichi), also simply known as the JMSDF Kure Naval Base, is a group of ports and land facilities of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF), which are scattered in multiple districts of Kure City, Hiroshima, and where the JMSDF Kure District, etc. are located.

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (Japanese: 海上自衛隊, Hepburn: Kaijō Jieitai), abbreviated JMSDF (海自, Kaiji), also simply known as the Japanese Navy, is the navy branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, tasked with the naval defense of Japan. The JMSDF was formed following the dissolution of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) after World War II. The JMSDF has a fleet of 164 ships, 346 aircraft and 50,800 personnel.
Highland, Lake County, Indiana
Highland is a town in Lake County, Indiana, United States. The population was 23,984 at the 2020 census. The town was incorporated on April 4, 1910. It is a part of the Chicago metropolitan area and North Township, and is surrounded by Hammond to the north, Munster to the west, Schererville to the south and Griffith to the east.

Griffith, Indiana
Griffith is a town in North and St. John townships in Lake County, Indiana, United States. It is a part of the Chicago metropolitan area. The population was 16,420 in 2020. The town's population is currently declining at a rate of 0.69% annually. Griffith has the 11th largest population and 17th largest area by size of incorporated municipalities in Lake County, Indiana.
Charles the Younger
Charles the Younger (c. 772 – 4 December 811) was the son of the Frankish ruler Charlemagne and his wife Queen Hildegard. Charlemagne's second son, Charles gained favour over his older, possibly illegitimate half brother Pepin. Charles was entrusted with lands and important military commands by his father. In 800, Charlemagne was crowned emperor by Pope Leo III, and during this ceremony Charles was anointed a king. Charles was designated as the heir of the bulk of Charlemagne's lands but predeceased his father, leaving the empire to be inherited by his younger brother Louis the Pious.

Pepin the Hunchback
Pepin (or Pippin) the Hunchback (French: Pépin le Bossu, German: Pippin der Buckelige; 768/769 – 811) was a Frankish prince. He was the eldest son of Charlemagne and noblewoman Himiltrude. He developed a humped back after birth, leading early medieval historians to give him the epithet "hunchback". He lived with his father's court after Charlemagne dismissed his mother and married Desiderata. Around 781, Pepin's half brother Carloman was rechristened as "Pepin"—a step that may have signaled Charlemagne's decision to disinherit the elder Pepin, for a variety of possible reasons. In 792, Pepin the Hunchback revolted against his father with a group of leading Frankish nobles, but the plot was discovered and put down before the conspiracy could be put into action. Charlemagne commuted Pepin's death sentence, having him tonsured and exiled to the monastery of Prüm instead. Since his death in 811, Pepin has been the subject of numerous works of historical fiction.
Daylight saving time in the Americas
Daylight saving time in the Americas is the arrangement in the Americas by which clocks are advanced by one hour in spring and moved back in autumn, to make the most of seasonal daylight. The practice is widespread in North America, with most of Canada and the United States participating, but much less so in Central and South America.

Daylight saving time
Daylight saving time (DST), also referred to as daylight savings time, daylight time (United States and Canada), or summer time (United Kingdom, European Union, and others), is the practice of advancing clocks to make better use of the longer daylight available during summer so that darkness falls at a later clock time. The typical implementation of DST is to adjust clocks ahead of standard time by one hour in spring or late winter, and to set clocks back by one hour in the autumn (or fall in North American English, hence the mnemonic: "spring forward and fall back").

In many countries, the part of the year when DST is observed is much longer than the part aligned to standard time. The practice of DST was first tested in the early 20th century. Many countries, such as Russia and Mexico, have abandoned DST entirely.