hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minneriya National Park
Minneriya National Park (Sinhala: මින්නේරිය ජාතික වනෝද්‍යානය, romanized: Minnēriya Jātika Vanōdyānaya; Tamil: மின்னேரியா தேசிய வனம், romanized: Miṉṉēriyā Tēciya Vaṉam) is a national park in North Central Province of Sri Lanka. The area was designated as a national park on 12 August 1997, having been originally declared as a wildlife sanctuary in 1938. The reason for declaring the area as  protected is to protect the catchment of Minneriya tank and the wildlife of the surrounding area. The tank is of historical importance, having been built by King Mahasen in third century AD. The park is a dry season feeding ground for the elephant population dwelling in forests of Matale, Polonnaruwa, and Trincomalee districts. The park earned revenue of Rs. 10.7 million in the six months ending in August 2009. Along with Kaudulla and Girithale, Minneriya forms one of the 70 Important Bird Areas (IBAs) of Sri Lanka. The park is situated 182 kilometres (113 mi) from Colombo.

Sri Lankan elephant
The Sri Lankan elephant (Elephas maximus maximus) is native to Sri Lanka and one of three recognised subspecies of the Asian elephant. It is the type subspecies of the Asian elephant and was first described by Carl Linnaeus under the binomial Elephas maximus in 1758.
The Sri Lankan elephant population is now largely restricted to the dry zone in the north, east and southeast of Sri Lanka. Elephants are present in Udawalawe National Park, Yala National Park, Lunugamvehera National Park, Wilpattu National Park and Minneriya National Park but also live outside protected areas. It is estimated that Sri Lanka has the highest density of elephants in Asia. Human-elephant conflict is increasing due to conversion of elephant habitat to settlements and permanent cultivation.
Thomas Perrot
Sir Thomas Perrot (1553 – 1594) was an Elizabethan courtier, soldier, and member of parliament. He campaigned in Ireland and the Low Countries, and was involved in the defence of England against the Spanish Armada. He was imprisoned several times, on one occasion to prevent a duel with Sir Walter Raleigh, and on another occasion because of his secret marriage to Dorothy Devereux, a Lady-in-waiting to the Queen, and sister of the Queen's favourite, the Earl of Essex. Perrot's only daughter, Penelope, married Sir Robert Naunton, author of Fragmenta Regalia, which claimed that Perrot's father, Sir John Perrot, was an illegitimate son of Henry VIII.

Dorothy Percy, Countess of Northumberland
Dorothy Percy, Countess of Northumberland (formerly Perrot, née Devereux; 1565 – 3 August 1619) was the younger daughter of Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex by Lettice Knollys, and the wife of Henry Percy, 9th Earl of Northumberland. Lady Dorothy Percy (née Devereux; c. 1564–1619) was an English noblewoman and Countess of Northumberland, known as the wife of the 9th Earl, Henry Percy. Daughter of Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex, she navigated high-stakes Elizabethan politics, managed estate affairs during her husband's long imprisonment for the Gunpowder Plot, and was a prominent, loyal, yet strong-willed figure. Lady Dorothy is often remembered for her sharp intellect and resilience, managing to navigate the dangerous political landscape of the late Elizabethan and early Jacobean eras while securing her children's futures. Her portrait and the history of her family, including her famous brother's downfall, highlight the precarious nature of noble life at that time.
Partition function (number theory)
In number theory, the partition function p(n) represents the number of possible partitions of a non-negative integer n. For instance, p(4) = 5 because the integer 4 has the five partitions 1 + 1 + 1 + 1, 1 + 1 + 2, 1 + 3, 2 + 2, and 4.

No closed-form expression for the partition function is known, but it has both asymptotic expansions that accurately approximate it and recurrence relations by which it can be calculated exactly. It grows as an exponential function of the square root of its argument. The multiplicative inverse of its generating function is the Euler function; by Euler's pentagonal number theorem, this function is an alternating sum of pentagonal number powers of its argument.

Srinivasa Ramanujan first discovered that the partition function has nontrivial patterns in modular arithmetic, now known as Ramanujan's congruences. For instance, whenever the decimal representation of n ends in the digit 4 or 9, the number of partitions of n will be divisible by 5.

Pentagonal number theorem
In mathematics, Euler's pentagonal number theorem relates the product and series representations of the Euler function. It states that

In other words,

The exponents 1, 2, 5, 7, 12, ...  on the right hand side are given by the formula gk = k(3k − 1)/2 for k = 1, −1, 2, −2, 3, ... and are called (generalized) pentagonal numbers (sequence A001318 in the OEIS). (The constant term 1 corresponds to .)
This holds as an identity of convergent power series for , and also as an identity of formal power series.

A striking feature of this formula is the amount of cancellation in the expansion of the product.
University of Toronto Mississauga Library
The University of Toronto Mississauga Library (or UTM Library), part of the University of Toronto Libraries system, is the campus library of the University of Toronto Mississauga in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.

Originally located in the North Building then moved to the William G. Davis Building, the library is now housed in the Hazel McCallion Academic Learning Centre, built in 2006. It is the only library on campus and contains a collection of over 400,000 volumes in a broad range of subjects.

William G. Davis Building
The William G. Davis Building, commonly known as the Davis Building, is the oldest and largest academic building on the University of Toronto Mississauga (UTM) campus in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Designed by architect Raymond Moriyama and built in 1973, it was originally intended to be the singular building at UTM during the campus's early planning stages. Currently the brutalist Davis Building includes the main administrative offices of the UTM principal and dean, alongside various academic departments, student services, laboratories, lecture halls, and a food court.

Originally known as the South Building, the Davis Building the oldest purpose-built structure on the Mississauga campus. It is one of only two present in the years following the campus's establishment as Erindale College in 1967, the other of which was the North Building, demolished in 2015. It has been named in honour of Ontario premier and education minister Bill Davis since 2009.
Lese Majesty (album)
Lese Majesty is the second studio album by American hip hop duo Shabazz Palaces, released on July 29, 2014. The album features contributions from Thee Satisfaction’s Catherine Harris-White, Erik Blood and Thadillac. The album was produced by Shabazz Palaces and mixed by Blood at Protect and Exalt Labs in Seattle.

Erik Blood
Erik Blood is a musician, studio engineer, composer, and record producer from Seattle, Washington. He has released two solo albums: Touch Screens (2014) and Lost in Slow Motion (2016). He is also known for his work with, among other artists, the Seattle-based hip hop groups Shabazz Palaces and THEESatisfaction. He has often cited his friend Arlo's expansive collection of music for inspiring him. He has worked with Shabazz Palaces since they were formed in 2009. He also produced the Seattle punk rock band Tacocat's third album Lost Time. In 2014, he was nominated for a Stranger Genius Award in music.
Renfrewshire West and Levern Valley
Renfrewshire West and Levern Valley is a county constituency of the Scottish Parliament covering parts of the council areas of Renfrewshire and East Renfrewshire. Under the additional-member electoral system used for elections to the Scottish Parliament, it elects one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the first past the post method of election. It is also one of ten constituencies in the West Scotland electoral region, which elects seven additional members, in addition to the ten constituency MSPs, to produce a form of proportional representation for the region as a whole.

The seat was created for the 2026 Scottish Parliament election, and largely replaces Renfrewshire South, which has been abolished. It also includes some areas from the Renfrewshire North and West (also abolished) and Paisley constituencies.

Paisley (Scottish Parliament constituency)
Paisley is a burgh constituency of the Scottish Parliament covering the town of Paisley in Renfrewshire council area. Under the additional-member electoral system used for elections to the Scottish Parliament, it elects one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the first past the post method of election. It is also one of ten constituencies in the West Scotland electoral region, which elects seven additional members, in addition to the ten constituency MSPs, to produce a form of proportional representation for the region as a whole.

The constituency was created for the 2011 Scottish Parliament election, and covers parts of the former constituencies of Paisley North and Paisley South. It has been held by George Adam of the Scottish National Party (SNP) since its formation.
Eurocup Mégane Trophy
The Renault Eurocup Mégane Trophy was a one-make racing series created and managed by Renault Sport. The  series has raced with the Renault Mégane Renault Sport since 2005 as part of the World Series by Renault. The Renault Eurocup has run with various models under differing names since 1976.

Renault Mégane RS
The Renault Mégane Renault Sport (alternatively Renault Mégane RS) is a series of high-performance hatchback models based on the Renault Mégane, produced since 2004 by the high-performance subsidiary company Renault Sport for its parent company Alpine, a subsidiary of Renault. The Mégane RS won awards such as "Best hot hatch" from What car? (2010–2014), "Highest placed non-supercar" in Evo's annual Car of the Year test 2011 and "Best hot hatch" from Top Gear.
Utsunomiya Light Rail
The Utsunomiya Light Rail (宇都宮ライトレール, Utsunomiya raitorēru) is a light rail transit (LRT) line serving the Utsunomiya metropolitan area in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. The 14.6 km line links Utsunomiya, the capital city of Tochigi, with the nearby town of Haga, running between Utsunomiya Station East, a tram stop in front of the East Exit of Utsunomiya Station in central Utsunomiya, and Haga Takanezawa Industrial Park in Haga.

The line is operated by the third-sector railway operator Utsunomiya Light Rail Co., Ltd. [ja] (:宇都宮ライトレール株式会社, Utsunomiya raitorēru Kabushiki-gaisha) and is officially known as the  Utsunomiya Light Rail Utsunomiya Haga Light Rail Line (宇都宮ライトレール宇都宮芳賀ライトレール線), although there are no other light rail lines in Utsunomiya.

Utsunomiya
Utsunomiya (宇都宮市, Utsunomiya-shi; [ɯt͡sɯnomija] ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 513,584, and a population density of 1,232 persons per square kilometre (3,190/sq mi). The total area of the city is 416.85 km2 (160.95 sq mi). Utsunomiya is famous for its gyoza (pan fried dumplings). There are more than two hundred gyoza restaurants in Utsunomiya.

Greater Utsunomiya (宇都宮都市圏, Utsunomiya Toshi-ken) had a population of 888,005 in the 2000 census. The nearby city of Oyama is included in Greater Tokyo, but Greater Utsunomiya is not, despite the two areas amalgamating somewhat. It is the 10th most populated city in the Kantō region.
Chalceus guaporensis
Chalceus guaporensis is a species of freshwater fish belonging to the family Chalceidae that inhabits northern South America. Alongside C. epakros and C. spilogyros, it was added to the genus Chalceus in 2004.

Chalceus
Chalceus is a genus of fish that inhabits freshwater habitats in South America. Members can be found in the Amazon and Orinoco basins, as well as in the Guianas and various tributaries of the former. It is the sole representative of the family Chalceidae, the tucanfishes.
Malay styles and titles
The Malay language has a complex system of styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore.

Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia regularly award honorary and life titles. What follows in this article is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent.

In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form of address which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman; such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man.

King of Malaysia
The King of Malaysia, officially Yang di-Pertuan Agong (lit. 'He who is made Lord', Jawi: يڠ دڤرتوان اݢوڠ‎), is the constitutional monarch and ceremonial head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957, when the Federation of Malaya gained independence from the United Kingdom. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected by the Conference of Rulers, comprising the nine rulers of the Malay states, with the office de facto rotated between them, making Malaysia one of the world's few elective monarchies.

The 17th and current Yang di-Pertuan Agong is Ibrahim Iskandar of Johor. He was elected on 26 October 2023, at a special meeting of the Conference of Rulers; he took the oath of office and was sworn in at the Istana Negara on 31 January 2024. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong's queen consort is known as the Raja Permaisuri Agong (Queen of Malaysia), currently Raja Zarith Sofiah. The royal couple are styled in English as "His Majesty" and "Her Majesty".
Raphael Samuel
Raphael Elkan Samuel (26 December 1934 – 9 December 1996) was a British Marxist historian and author. Samuel helped create the History Workshop movement, and was founding editor of History Workshop Journal. He taught at Ruskin College from 1962 until the last year of his life, when he became professor at University of East London and set up a Centre for East London History.

History Workshop Journal
The History Workshop Journal is a British academic history journal published by Oxford University Press. History Workshop was founded in 1976 by Raphael Samuel and others involved in the History Workshop movement. Originally sub-titled "A Journal of Socialist Historians", it later changed the sub-title to "A Journal of Socialist and Feminist Historians" before dropping the sub-title in 1994.

The Journal "publishes a wide variety of essays, reports and reviews, ranging from literary to economic subjects, local history to geopolitical analyses." According to the Times Higher Education website, History Workshop Journal is ranked number 9 in the top 20 history journals worldwide, ranked by their five-year impact factors, as of 2011. This information was presented in Thomson Reuters' Journal Citation Reports for the social sciences for 2009.
Astro Citra
Astro Citra is a 24-hour Malay language version of HBO Asia, showing the local and Asian movies. The channel began broadcasting on 1 June 2009, replacing Astro Kirana (Channel 122) which ceased its broadcasting on 18 May 2009 due to low viewership. Most of the movies are available in Malay and English subtitles. It is only available on Astro Channel 108.

Astro Kirana
Astro Kirana was a Malaysian satellite television channel dedicated to airing Asian and European films, a 24-hour Malaysian film channel owned by Astro, launched on 31 August 2006 alongside Astro Aruna.
Onondaga County, New York
Onondaga County (/ˌɒnənˈdɑːɡə/ ON-ən-DAH-gə) is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 476,516. The county seat is Syracuse. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Onondaga County is the core of the Syracuse Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Oswego County, New York
Oswego County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 117,525. The county seat is Oswego. The county name is from a Mohawk-language word meaning 'the pouring out place', referring to the point at which the Oswego River feeds into Lake Ontario at the northern edge of the county in the city of Oswego. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Oswego County is part of the Syracuse metropolitan area.
Achaeans (Homer)
The Achaeans or Akhaians (/əˈkiːənz/; Ancient Greek: Ἀχαιοί, romanized: Akhaioí, "the Achaeans" or "of Achaea") is one of the names in Homer which is used to refer to the Greeks collectively.

The term "Achaean" is believed to be related to the Hittite term Ahhiyawa and the Egyptian term Ekwesh which appear in texts from the Late Bronze Age and are believed to refer to the Mycenaean civilization or some part of it.

In the historical period, the term fell into disuse as a general term for Greek people, and was generally reserved for inhabitants of the region of Achaea, a region in the north-central part of the Peloponnese. The city-states of this region later formed a confederation known as the Achaean League, which was influential during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC.

Achaea (ancient region)
Achaea (/əˈkiːə/) or Achaia (/əˈkaɪə/; Greek: Ἀχαΐα, Akhaḯa, Ancient Greek: [akʰaía]) is the northernmost region of the Peloponnese, occupying the coastal strip north of Arcadia. Its approximate boundaries are: to the south,  Mount Erymanthus; to the south-east,  Mount Cyllene; to the east, Sicyon; and to the west, the Larissos river. Apart from the plain around Dyme in the west, Achaea is generally a mountainous region.
Chew Chor Meng
Chew Chor Meng (born 20 November 1968) is a Singaporean actor, television host and businessman. He is one of the first batch of actors to receive the Star Awards for All-Time Favourite Artiste in 2004.

Star Awards for All-Time Favourite Artiste
The Star Awards for All-Time Favourite Artiste is an award presented at the Star Awards to artistes who have won a cumulative ten Top 10 awards in either Male or Female artiste categories over a span of 10 award ceremonies; the top 10 wins do not need to be consecutive. All artistes conferred with this award will be ineligible for subsequent nominations for the Top 10 Most Popular Male/Female Awards. Starting from 2023, wins in the Top Three Most Popular Rising Star Award will also count towards the 10 wins.
Leather industry in China
The leather industry in China is a significant sector within the country's manufacturing and export economy, recognized as the world's largest producer of leather by volume. It encompasses the production of leather goods, including garments, footwear, and accessories, with major industrial clusters in regions such as Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Hebei provinces. The industry grew substantially since the 1980s, driven by economic reforms, low labor costs, and abundant raw materials.

Leather
Leather is a strong, flexible and durable material obtained from the tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle, sheep, goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and hogs, ostriches, and aquatic animals such as seals and alligators.

Leather can be used to make a variety of items, including clothing, footwear, handbags, furniture, tools and sports equipment, and lasts for decades. Leather making has been practiced for more than 7,000 years and the leading producers of leather today are China and India.

Critics of tanneries claim that they engage in unsustainable practices that pose health hazards to the people and the environment near them.
Lumberjack (song)
"Lumberjack" (stylized in all caps) is a song by American rapper and producer Tyler, the Creator, released on June 16, 2021, as the lead single from his seventh studio album, Call Me If You Get Lost. The song samples the Gravediggaz track "2 Cups of Blood".

Gravediggaz
Gravediggaz were an American hip-hop group from New York. Formed in 1991, known for their dark sense of humor and abrasive, menacing soundscapes, Gravediggaz blended hardcore hip-hop and gangsta rap with horror elements to pioneer the hip-hop subgenre of horrorcore.

The group was formed in 1991, bringing together Prince Paul (The Undertaker), Frukwan (The Gatekeeper), Too Poetic (The Grym Reaper) and Prince Rakeem (The RZArector). It came about largely due to the efforts of Prince Paul. Frukwan and Prince Paul were previously together in the group Stetsasonic.
Milton Keynes South West
52°00′32″N 0°43′16″W﻿ / ﻿52.009°N 0.721°W﻿ / 52.009; -0.721

Milton Keynes South West was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1992 to 2010. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

Milton Keynes South
Milton Keynes South was a constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 2010 until 2024. It was represented in Parliament from its creation until its abolition by Iain Stewart of the Conservative Party.

In its 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the Boundary Commission proposed to abolish this constituency. Its area was divided three ways for the 2024 general election, with the majority forming the new constituency of Milton Keynes Central, and smaller portions becoming parts of Milton Keynes North and Buckingham and Bletchley.
Leith Central railway station
Leith Central Railway Station was a railway station in Leith, Scotland. It formed the terminus of a North British Railway branch line from Edinburgh Waverley. The station was built on a large scale, and it included a trainshed over the platforms.

Following the amalgamation of the county of city of Edinburgh and the Burgh of Leith in 1920, the two formerly separate tram systems were joined (including the conversion of Edinburgh's system from cable haulage to electricity). The improved services provided intense competition with the railway, affecting the viability of Leith Central station.

Until 1952 Leith Central had a regular passenger service to Edinburgh.

Leith
Leith (/liːθ/; Scottish Gaelic: Lìte) is a suburb to the north of Edinburgh, Scotland, lying at the mouth of the Water of Leith. It is home to the Port of Leith.

The earliest surviving historical references are in the royal charter authorising the construction of Holyrood Abbey in 1128 in which it is termed Inverlet (Inverleith). After centuries of control by Edinburgh, Leith was made a separate burgh in 1833 only to be merged into Edinburgh in 1920.

Leith is located on the southern coast of the Firth of Forth and lies within the City of Edinburgh council area; since 2007 it has formed one of 17 multi-member wards of the city.
Andy Wilman
Andrew Neville Wilman (born 16 August 1962) is an English television producer who is best known as the co-creator (with Jeremy Clarkson) and former executive producer of the Top Gear show, from 2002 to 2015, as well as being the executive producer of The Grand Tour and Clarkson's Farm. He was responsible for much of the show's style and humour, along with Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond and James May.

Richard Hammond
Richard Mark Hammond (born 19 December 1969) is an English broadcaster, journalist, and author. He co-hosted the BBC Two motoring programme Top Gear from 2002 until 2015 with Jeremy Clarkson and James May. From 2016 to 2024, the trio presented Amazon Prime Video's The Grand Tour.

Hammond has also presented entertainment documentary series Brainiac: Science Abuse (2003–2006), the game show Total Wipeout (2009–2012) and nature documentary series Planet Earth Live (2012). In 2016, along with Clarkson and May, Hammond launched the automotive social media website DriveTribe, which has a motoring channel on YouTube, where he currently hosts the videos with former Stig Ben Collins and his daughter Izzy Hammond.