hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2013 Argentine police revolts
The 2013 Argentine police revolts were a series of protests by provincial police demanding better pay and working conditions, which affected 21 of Argentina's 23 provinces.

Some of the strike methods included neglect of duty and breaking into public buildings. Due to this situation, looting began to occur in some cities, Córdoba being the most affected, followed by Tucumán. The riots began on 3 December and ended ten days later.

Law enforcement in Argentina
In Argentina, the most important law enforcement organization is the Argentine Federal Police with jurisdiction in all Argentine territory. Most routine police work is carried out by provincial/state police forces. In recent years, several cities (such as Saldan and Villa Allende) started their own local police forces to reduce the burden on the State Police. The capital city of Buenos Aires (a federal district), where the Argentine Federal Police works with Argentine Naval Prefecture (Coast Guard) and Buenos Aires City Police (Municipal police).
Northern Crusades
The Northern Crusades or Baltic Crusades were military campaigns conducted by several Germanic Catholic kingdoms and military orders in an effort to Christianize all of the pagans—the Balts, the Finns, and the West Slavs—around the southern and eastern shores of the Baltic Sea. In some cases, such as with the Wendish Crusade, they were partly aimed at controlling the rich resources found in those lands.

The most notable of these campaigns were the Livonian and Prussian Crusades. Some of these wars were explicitly regarded as crusades during the Middle Ages. For example, the war against the Estonians and the "other pagans in those parts", authorized by Pope Alexander III's 1171 crusade bull, Non parum animus noster. However, others—such as the (possibly mythical) 12th-century First Swedish Crusade and several subsequent incursions, undertaken by Scandinavian Christians against the then-Pagan Finns—were dubbed "crusades" only in the 19th century, by romantic nationalist historians.

First Swedish Crusade
The First Swedish Crusade was a possibly mythical military expedition in the 1150s to Southwestern Finland by Swedish King Eric IX and English Bishop Henry of Uppsala.

The earliest written sources of the crusade are from the late 13th century. The main sources of the crusade, the legend of Saint Erik and the legend of Saint Henry, describe the crusade as caused by the multiple raids of pagan Finns on Sweden.

The crusade has traditionally been seen as the beginning of Swedish rule over Finland and the first attempt of the Catholic Church and Sweden to convert Finnish pagans to Christianity. However, the Christianisation of Southwestern Finland is known to have already started in the 10th century, and in the 12th century, the area was probably almost entirely Christian. According to legends, after the crusade, Bishop Henry was killed at Lake Köyliö by Lalli. Henry later became a central figure of the Catholic Church in Finland.
HMHS Llandovery Castle
HMHS Llandovery Castle, built in 1914 in Glasgow as RMS Llandovery Castle for the Union-Castle Line, was one of five Canadian hospital ships that served in the First World War. On a voyage from Halifax, Nova Scotia to Liverpool, England, the ship was torpedoed off southern Ireland on 27 June 1918.  The sinking was the deadliest Canadian naval disaster of the war. 234 doctors, nurses, members of the Canadian Army Medical Corps, soldiers and seamen died in the sinking and subsequent machine-gunning of lifeboats.  Twenty five people are known to have survived. 24 were the occupants on a single life-raft. The incident became infamous internationally and was considered as one of the war's worst atrocities. After the war, the case of Llandovery Castle was one of six alleged German war crimes prosecuted at the Leipzig trials.

Leipzig war crimes trials
The Leipzig war crimes trials were held in 1921 to try alleged German war criminals of the First World War before the German Reichsgericht (Supreme Court) in Leipzig, as part of the penalties imposed on the German government under the Treaty of Versailles. Twelve people were tried (with mixed results), and the proceedings were widely regarded at the time as a failure. In the longer term, they were seen by some as a significant step toward the introduction of a comprehensive system for the prosecution of international law violations.
Puyallup Herald
The Puyallup Herald is a weekly newspaper in Puyallup, Washington, covering local news, sports, business and community events. Published once a week on Thursday, The Herald provides news to Puyallup, South Hill, Bonney Lake, Sumner, and Edgewood. The newspaper is owned by McClatchy, and is published through The News Tribune.

The News Tribune
The News Tribune is an American newspaper based in Tacoma, Washington. It is the second-largest daily newspaper in the state of Washington with a weekday circulation of 30,945 in 2020. With origins dating back to 1883, the newspaper was established under its current form in 1918. Locally owned for 73 years by the Baker family, the newspaper was purchased by McClatchy in 1986.
Baritone sarrusophone
The baritone sarrusophone is the baritone member of the sarrusophone family of metal double reed conical bore wind instruments. Sometimes colloquially known as the combat bassoon, it is pitched in E♭ and has the same range as the baritone saxophone, and is about the same height as a bassoon. Its body is wrapped around only once, whereas the contrabass sarrusophone wraps around twice.

Historically it was built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries principally by its inventor, Parisian instrument maker Pierre-Louis Gautrot and his successor, Couesnon & Co., as well as Evette & Schaeffer and Italian manufacturer Orsi of Milan. The sarrusophone family was conceived to replace oboes and bassoons in military and marching bands, where their metal construction was more durable and easier heard in outdoor settings.

It is currently only made to order, by Orsi and the German instrument maker Benedikt Eppelsheim.

Sarrusophone
The sarrusophones are a family of metal double reed conical bore woodwind instruments patented and first manufactured by French instrument maker Pierre-Louis Gautrot in 1856. Gautrot named the sarrusophone after French bandmaster Pierre-Auguste Sarrus (1813–1876), whom he credited with the concept of the instrument, though it is not clear whether Sarrus benefited financially. The instruments were intended for military bands, to serve as replacements for oboes and bassoons which at the time lacked the carrying power required for outdoor marching music. Although originally designed as double-reed instruments, single-reed mouthpieces were later developed for use with the larger bass and contrabass sarrusophones.
ETB Basque
ETB Basque is a Basque public international television channel operated by Euskal Irrati Telebista. It was launched on 1 January 2021, as a result of the merger of ETB Sat and Canal Vasco. It broadcasts in both Basque and Castilian languages. It broadcasts through IPTV, cable and YouTube.

It broadcasts programmes from the main Basque channels, ETB 1 and ETB 2, abroad. Its programming is especially aimed at the Basque diaspora, both within Spain and in the rest of the world, particularly in Latin America, Europe and the United States.

ETB Sat
ETB Sat was an international television channel operated by Euskal Irrati Telebista.

The channel aimed to bring television and Basque culture to Basques and others worldwide. Its programming was based primarily on self-produced content from the domestic flagship channels ETB 1 and ETB 2. The programming is offered in Spanish, Basque and French. On 1 May 2013, the channel decided to cease broadcasting on Astra satellite in Europe, focusing its availability on CATV operators and the online live streaming.

On 1 January 2021, it was merged along with Canal Vasco into ETB Basque.
Tara MacLean
Tara Margaret Charity MacLean (born October 25, 1973) is an Irish-Canadian singer, songwriter, best-selling author and playwright.
Her songs as a solo artist include "Evidence", "If I Fall", and "Sparrow". She was a member of the Juno nominated Atlantic Canadian group, Shaye with Kim Stockwood and Damhnait Doyle from 2002 to 2007. Her best selling memoir, Song of the Sparrow (HarperCollins) debuted at #4 for Canadian non-fiction.

Damhnait Doyle
Damhnait Doyle (/ˈdævnɪt/; born December 9, 1975) is a Canadian singer, composer and radio host. A phonetic spelling of her first name (which is Irish) also serves as the title of her 2003 album Davnet. She was a member of Atlantic Canadian band Shaye from 2003–2009 with Kim Stockwood and Tara MacLean (2003–2007). Along with Blake Manning, Stuart Cameron and Peter Fusco, she formed a new band called The Heartbroken; they have been active since 2009.
Yoshiharu Habu
Yoshiharu Habu (Japanese: 羽生 善治, Hepburn: Habu Yoshiharu; born September 27, 1970) is a professional shogi player and a chess FIDE Master. He is a former holder of the Ryūō, Meijin, Ōi, Ōza, Kiō, Ōshō and Kisei major titles. He was the first person to simultaneously hold seven major professional shogi titles at the same time and is the only person to qualify as a lifetime title holder for seven major titles. In January 2018, Habu became the first professional shogi player to be awarded Japan's People's Honour Award. Habu is also a former president of the Japan Shogi Association (JSA).

Kisei (shogi)
Kisei (棋聖) is one of the eight major titles in Japanese professional shogi. The word Kisei means an excellent player of shogi or go. Although 聖 can be translated as "sage", in this context it is probably better to see it in English as master or grandmaster, as in chess.

The Kisei tournament started in 1962. With the creation of the Kisei, there were five major title tournaments along with the Meijin, Tenth Dan (Ryūō), Ōshō, and Ōi titles. It was held twice a year until the year 1994. The challenger for Kisei title holder is determined by first, second, and final preliminary rounds. The player that wins three games out of five first in the championship will become the new Kisei title holder.
WBEN-FM
WBEN-FM (95.7 MHz, "95.7 BEN FM") is a commercial radio station licensed to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The station is owned by Beasley Broadcast Group and broadcasts an adult hits radio format. The studios and offices are in Bala Cynwyd and the broadcast tower is on Wigard Avenue in the Roxborough section of Philadelphia at (40°2′19.7″N 75°14′12.8″W﻿ / ﻿40.038806°N 75.236889°W﻿ / 40.038806; -75.236889).

The station plays a mix of 1970s, 1980s and 1990s hits, with some current hot adult contemporary singles, and is named after Benjamin Franklin. The formula originated in Canada as Jack FM. Unlike many adult hits stations, WBEN-FM uses DJs. The station imaging is handled by Howard Cogan, the former voice of Jack FM. Actor John O'Hurley of the TV show Seinfeld previously did the station imaging.

Beasley Broadcast Group
Beasley Broadcast Group, Inc., based in Naples, Florida, is an owner/operator of radio stations in the United States.  As of February 2026, the company owns 49 stations under the Beasley Media Group name.
Daniel S. Bacon
Daniel Stanton Bacon (December 12, 1798 – May 18, 1866) was an American politician and judge. He served as a member of the Michigan House of Representatives. He was the father of Elizabeth Bacon Custer, wife and later widow of General George Armstrong Custer.

Elizabeth Bacon Custer
Elizabeth Bacon Custer (née Bacon; April 8, 1842 – April 4, 1933) was the wife of George Armstrong Custer, United States Army. She spent most of their twelve-year marriage in relative proximity to him despite his numerous military campaigns in the American Civil War and subsequent postings on the Great Plains as a commanding officer in the United States Cavalry.

Left nearly destitute in the aftermath of her husband's death, she became an advocate for his legacy through her books and lectures. Largely as a result of her decades of campaigning on his behalf, General Custer's image as the gallant fallen hero amid the glory of Custer's Last Stand was a canon of American history for almost a century after his death.

Elizabeth Custer never remarried and died in 1933, four days short of her 91st birthday. She has been portrayed by a number of actresses, starting in the 1940s in films and later on television.
Central City, Colorado
Central City is a home rule municipality located in Gilpin and Clear Creek counties, Colorado, United States. Central City is the county seat of and the most populous municipality in Gilpin County. The city population was 779, all in Gilpin County, at the 2020 United States census. The city is a historic mining settlement founded in 1859 during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush and came to be known as the "Richest Square Mile on Earth". Central City and the adjacent city of Black Hawk form the federally designated Central City/Black Hawk Historic District. The city is now a part of the Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor.

Gilpin County, Colorado
Gilpin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado, smallest in land area behind only the City and County of Broomfield. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,808. The county seat is Central City. The county was formed in 1861, while Colorado was still a territory, and was named after Colonel William Gilpin, the first territorial governor. Gilpin County is part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Asuti
Asuti is a census town and a gram panchayat within the jurisdiction of the Maheshtala police station in the Thakurpukur Maheshtala CD block in the Alipore Sadar subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Maheshtala
Maheshtala (Bengali: [mɔɦeːʃt̪ɔlɑː]) is a city and a municipality of South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).
Space Quest V
Space Quest V: Roger Wilco – The Next Mutation is a graphic adventure game developed by Dynamix and released by Sierra On-Line for MS-DOS on February 5, 1993. The game is the fifth entry in the Space Quest series, and the first game to be only designed by Mark Crowe. The story, set within a spoof of the Star Trek franchise, focuses on players taking control of Roger Wilco, who achieves his dreams of becoming a star captain but winds up involved in saving the galaxy from a deadly threat posed by a man-made virus.

The game was welcomed by critics as a fun addition to the series, although did not feature a voice-cast version as with Space Quest IV. A sequel, Space Quest 6, was released in 1995.

Space Quest IV
Space Quest IV: Roger Wilco and the Time Rippers is a 1991 graphic adventure game by Sierra On-Line, and the fourth entry in the Space Quest series. The game was released originally on floppy disks in March 1991, and later released on CD-ROM in December 1992 with full speech support; an Atari ST version was announced via Sierra Online's magazine, Sierra News Magazine, but was later canceled. The game sees players assume the role of Roger Wilco, who is thrust into a new adventure across time and space where he must thwart the plans of an old foe that is seeking revenge against him.

The game was developed with 256-color hand painted graphics, motion capture animation, and a switch from the text parser system to a newer point-and-click interface. The overall cost of the game was far greater than previous titles, but proved a commercial success, receiving positive reviews from critics for its humour, voice cast, and presentation. A sequel, Space Quest V, was released in 1993.
Orestis (region)
Orestis (Greek: Ὀρεστίς) was a region of Upper Macedonia, corresponding roughly to the modern Kastoria regional unit located in West Macedonia, Greece. Its inhabitants were the Orestae, an ancient Greek tribe that was part of the Molossian tribal state or koinon.

Upper Macedonia
Upper Macedonia (Greek: Ἄνω Μακεδονία, Ánō Makedonía) or Upper Macedon is a geographical and tribal term to describe the upper/western of the two parts in which, together with Lower Macedonia, the ancient  kingdom of Macedon was roughly divided.

Upper Macedonia consisted geographically of Pelagonia, Derriopos, Eordaea, Orestis, Elimiotis and Lynkestis. These regions had their own rulers and were subjects or allies of the Macedonian kingdom, except for Eordaea that was fully incorporated into Macedon in an early period. According to N. G. L. Hammond, in the region of Upper Macedonia, the tribes of Pelagones in the region of Prilep, Lyncestae in the region of Florina, Orestae in the region of Kastoria and Elimiotae in the region of Kozani were all Epirotic tribes and they talked the Northwest Greek dialect. The whole Upper Macedonia was fully annexed to the Macedonian state by Philip II.
Snub dodecahedron
In geometry, the snub dodecahedron, or snub icosidodecahedron, is an Archimedean solid, one of thirteen convex isogonal nonprismatic solids constructed by two or more types of regular polygon faces.

The snub dodecahedron has 92 faces (the most of the 13 Archimedean solids): 12 are pentagons and the other 80 are equilateral triangles. It also has 150 edges and 60 vertices.

It has two distinct forms, which are mirror images (or "enantiomorphs") of each other. The union of both forms is a compound of two snub dodecahedra, and the convex hull of both forms is a truncated icosidodecahedron.

Archimedean solid
The Archimedean solids are a set of thirteen convex polyhedra whose faces are regular polygons and are vertex-transitive, although they are not face-transitive. The solids were named after Archimedes, although he did not claim credit for them. They belong to the class of uniform polyhedra, the polyhedra with regular faces and symmetric vertices. Some Archimedean solids were portrayed in the works of artists and mathematicians during the Renaissance.

The elongated square gyrobicupola or pseudo­rhombi­cub­octa­hedron is an extra polyhedron with regular faces and congruent vertices. Still, it is not generally counted as an Archimedean solid because it is not vertex-transitive.
Super League play-offs
Since 1998, a play-off system has been used to determine the Super League champions. The format has changed over the years, starting with a play-off involving first five, then six teams, eight, four and currently back to six. The play-off series culminates in the Super League Grand Final. Use of a play-off system to decide the Championship brought back a rugby league tradition that had previously fallen out of use. The Super League Premiership, which had previously taken place between the highest placed teams in the competition, was discontinued after the introduction of the Super League play-off series. This was because its purpose  had been to take the place of the previous Championship-deciding play-off system.

Super League Grand Final
The Super League Grand Final is the championship-deciding game of rugby league's Super League competition. It is played between two teams who have qualified via the Super League play-offs. The winning team receives the Super League Trophy and goes on to play the NRL champions in the World Club Challenge. As of 2024, the Rob Burrow Award is awarded to the man of the match, replacing the Harry Sunderland Trophy. The match is normally played at Old Trafford in Greater Manchester.

Only five clubs have won the Super League, as of 2025 - St Helens (10), Leeds Rhinos (8), Wigan Warriors (7), Bradford Bulls (4), and Hull KR (1). St Helens and Bradford Bulls each won one of their Super League titles before the Play Off and Grand Final system was introduced in 1998.

Hull KR are the current champions, after winning the 2025 Super League Grand Final, defeating Wigan Warriors 24–6, to win 3 trophies in the same year.
Euphrates
The Euphrates (/juːˈfreɪtiːz/ ⓘ yoo-FRAY-teez; see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of West Asia. Together with the Tigris, it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia (lit. 'the land between the rivers'). Originating in Turkey, the Euphrates flows through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris in the Shatt al-Arab in Iraq, which empties into the Persian Gulf.

The Euphrates is the fifteenth-longest river in Asia and the longest in West Asia, at about 2,780 km (1,730 mi), with a drainage area of 440,000 km2 (170,000 mi2) that covers six countries.

Tigris
The Tigris (/ˈtaɪɡrɪs/ TY-griss; see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of the Armenian Highlands through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, before merging with the Euphrates and reaching to the Persian Gulf.

The Tigris passes through historical cities such as Mosul, Tikrit, Samarra and Baghdad. It is also home to archaeological sites and ancient religious communities, including the Mandaeans, who use it for baptism. In ancient times the Tigris nurtured the Assyrian Empire, with remnants such as the relief of King Tiglath-Pileser.

Today the Tigris faces modern threats from geopolitical instability, dam projects, poor water management and climate change, leading to concerns about its sustainability. Efforts to protect and preserve the river's legacy are ongoing, with local archaeologists and activists working to safeguard its future.
Higher Education Funding Council for England
The Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) was a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom, which was responsible for the distribution of funding for higher education to universities and further education colleges in England since 1992. It ceased to exist as of 1 April 2018, when its duties were divided between the newly created Office for Students and Research England (operating within United Kingdom Research and Innovation).

Most universities are charities and HEFCE (rather than the Charity Commission for England and Wales) was their principal regulator. HEFCE therefore had the duty to promote compliance with charity law by the universities for which it was responsible.

Office for Students
The Office for Students (OfS) is a non-departmental public body of the Department for Education of the United Kingdom Government. It acts as the regulator and competition authority for the higher education sector in England.
The List of Seven
The List of Seven is a 1993 novel by Mark Frost. Though initially an occult murder mystery, the story brings in conspiracy theory, vendetta, horror, history, and Theosophy. The main character, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is a real historical person (albeit engaging in fictional actions) and several other historical figures appear in the story. Mark Frost followed the book with a sequel in 1995, The Six Messiahs.

The Six Messiahs
The Six Messiahs is a 1995 novel by Mark Frost, a sequel to his 1993 novel The List of Seven. The two main characters are real-life person Arthur Conan Doyle (albeit engaging in fictional actions) and fictional character Jack Sparks.
Harivansh Rai Bachchan
Harivansh Rai Bachchan (né Srivastava; 27 November 1907 – 18 January 2003) was an Indian poet and writer of the Nayi Kavita literary movement (romantic upsurge) of early 20th century Hindi literature. He was also a poet of the Hindi Kavi Sammelan. Bachchan is best known for his early work Madhushala. He was the father of Amitabh Bachchan, and grandfather of Shweta Bachchan Nanda and Abhishek Bachchan. His wife Teji Bachchan was a social activist. In 1976, he received the Padma Bhushan for his service to Hindi literature.

Teji Bachchan
Teji Harivansh Rai Srivastava Bachchan (née Teji Suri; 12 August 1914 – 21 December 2007) was an Indian social activist, the wife of Hindi poet Harivansh Rai Bachchan and mother of Bollywood actor Amitabh Bachchan.