hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Origin OS
Origin OS, also known as OriginOS (stylized in all lowercase as orıgınos), is an Android-based operating system by Vivo, a Chinese multinational technology company. It was officially released on November 18, 2020. It replaced the operating system on their Vivo and iQOO phones, and is the successor to Funtouch OS.

Vivo (technology company)
Vivo Mobile Communication Co., Ltd., d/b/a vivo (stylized as all lowercase), is a Chinese multinational technology company headquartered in Dongguan, Guangdong, that designs and develops smartphones, smartphone accessories, software, and online services. The company develops software for its phones, distributed through its V-Appstore, with iManager included in their proprietary, Android-based operating system, Origin OS in mainland China, and Funtouch OS elsewhere. It has 40,000 employees, with 10 R&D centers in Shenzhen, Dongguan, Nanjing, Beijing, Hangzhou, Shanghai, Xi'an, Taipei, Tokyo, and San Diego.
Mullard Space Science Laboratory
The UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL) is the United Kingdom's largest university space research group. MSSL is part of the Department of Space and Climate Physics at University College London (UCL), one of the first universities in the world to conduct space research. Since its establishment, as of July 2025, MSSL has participated in 71 satellite missions, 10 of which remain in operation, and with 7 more in development. It has also participated in more than 200 sounding rocket experiments.

It takes its name from Mullard Limited, and is located in Holmbury St Mary in the Surrey Hills AONB, near the town of Dorking in the county of Surrey, England.

Mullard
Mullard Limited was a British manufacturer of electronic components. The Mullard Radio Valve Co. Ltd. of Southfields, London, was founded in 1920 by Captain Stanley R. Mullard, who had previously designed thermionic valves for the Admiralty before becoming managing director of the Z Electric Lamp Co. The company soon moved to Hammersmith, London and then in 1923 to Balham, London. The head office in later years was Mullard House at 1–19 Torrington Place, Bloomsbury, now part of University College London.
Pastoral Provision
The Pastoral Provision is a set of practices and norms in the Catholic Church in the United States, by which bishops are authorized to provide spiritual care for Catholics converting from the Anglican tradition, by establishing parishes for them and ordaining priests from among them. The provision provides a way for individuals to become priests in territorial dioceses, even after Pope Benedict XVI's apostolic constitution Anglicanorum Coetibus established the Personal Ordinariates, a non-diocesan mechanism for former Anglicans to join the Church.

Anglicanorum coetibus
Anglicanorum coetibus ("Groups of Anglicans") is an apostolic constitution written by Pope Benedict XVI on 4 November 2009 and promulgated the same day by the Holy See in Latin, English, and Italian, which regulates the establishment of personal ordinariates for former Anglicans converting to the Roman Catholic Church. At the same time, 14 articles that contain supplementary norms for the constitution were issued by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. The document replaced the Pastoral Provision in effect in the United States since 1980. The constitution is divided into 13 points that contains the justification for its enactment and a part that contains the norms that are to apply to the personal ordinariates.
Rancho Petaluma Adobe
Rancho Petaluma Adobe is a historic ranch house in Sonoma County, California. It was built from adobe bricks in 1836 by order of Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo. It was the largest privately owned adobe structure built in California and is the largest example of the Monterey Colonial style of architecture in the United States. A section of the former ranch has been preserved by the Petaluma Adobe State Historic Park and it is both a California Historic Landmark and a National Historic Landmark. The Rancho Petaluma Adobe State Historic Park is located on Adobe Road on the east side of the present-day town of Petaluma, California.

Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo
Don Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo (July 7, 1807 – January 18, 1890) was a Californio general, statesman, and public figure. He was born a subject of Spain, performed his military duties as an officer of the Republic of Mexico, and shaped the transition of Alta California from a territory of Mexico to the U.S. state of California. He served in the first session of the California State Senate. The city of Vallejo, California, is named after him, and the nearby city of Benicia is named after his wife Francisca Benicia Carrillo.
Xena: Warrior Princess (video game)
Xena: Warrior Princess is a hack and slash  video game developed by Universal Studios Digital Arts and co-published by Electronic Arts and Universal Interactive Studios for the PlayStation in 1999. A Game Boy Color version was developed and published by Titus Interactive in 2001. Each version is based on the television series of the same name, which aired from 1995 to 2001.

Universal Interactive
Universal Interactive, Inc., formerly Universal Interactive Studios, Inc. until 2001, was an American video game publisher and a subsidiary of Vivendi Universal Games (now Vivendi Games). It was established on January 4, 1994, by Skip Paul and Robert Biniaz as a subsidiary of MCA Inc., later Universal Studios, Inc., and was based in Universal City, California. It was best known for producing and later publishing the Crash Bandicoot and Spyro platform game franchises. Other key releases include The Grinch (2000) and Hulk (2003).

In 2000, Universal Studios merged with Vivendi, leading to Universal Interactive's integration into Vivendi Universal Games. Universal Interactive continued as a label until 2004, when Vivendi began divesting ownership of Universal Studios, retaining the newly renamed Vivendi Games.
Capsella (plant)
Capsella is a genus of herbaceous annual and biennial plants in the family Brassicaceae. It is a close relative of Arabidopsis, Neslia, and Halimolobos.

Some authors circumscribe Capsella to contain only three species: Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsella rubella and Capsella grandiflora. As of 2025, Kew's Plants of the World Online list eight species.

Capsella rubella is a self-fertilizing species that became self-compatible 50,000 to 100,000 years ago.  Its outcrossing progenitor was Capsella grandiflora.  In general, the shift from outcrossing to self-fertilization is among the most common transitions in flowering plants.  Capsella rubella is studied as a model for understanding the evolution of self-fertilization.

The name is said to derive from Latin capsa, a box or case, alluding to fruit resembling a medieval wallet or purse; the suffix -ella denotes "lesser".

Capsella bursa-pastoris
Capsella bursa-pastoris, commonly known as shepherd's purse or lady's purse, is a small flowering plant in the mustard family. It has been described as a protocarnivore because its seeds contain mucilage, which traps nematodes.

The plant is native to Eurasia but is naturalized and considered a common weed in many parts of the world, especially in colder climates. It has a number of culinary uses.
Learning Record Store
A Learning Record Store (LRS) is a data store system that serves as a repository for learning records collected from connected systems where learning activities are conducted. It is an essential component in the process flow for using the Experience API (xAPI) standard by ADL or the Caliper standard by IMS Global. The Experience API is also known as the "Tin Can API" and is an Open Source e-learning specification developed after AICC and SCORM. The concept of the LRS was introduced to the e-learning industry in 2011, and proposes a shift to the way e-learning specifications function.

Experience API
The Experience API (xAPI) is an e-learning software specification that records and tracks various types of learning experiences for learning systems. Learning experiences are recorded in a Learning Record Store (LRS), which can exist within traditional learning management systems (LMSs) or on their own.
2023 Slovak Cup final
The 2023 Slovak Cup final (known as the Slovnaft Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the final match of the 2022–23 Slovak Cup, the 54th season of the top cup competition in Slovak football. It was played at the Anton Malatinský Stadium in Trnava, Slovakia, on 1 May 2023.

It was contested by the defending champions Spartak Trnava and Slovan Bratislava. Interestingly, these teams also met in the 2022 final, and then Slovan Bratislava played at their home stadium. In total, it was the sixth final since the competition was established, in which the fierce rivals met. Trnava won the match 3–1 after extra time, after the game finished 1–1 in 90 minutes.

2022–23 Slovak Cup
The 2022–23 Slovak Cup was the 54th edition of the competition.

Spartak Trnava were the defending champions, defeating their rivals Slovan Bratislava in the 2022 final.

Spartak Trnava won a second consecutive title, defeating again Slovan in the final.

Spartak Trnava earned automatic qualification for the UEFA Europa Conference League second qualifying round.
Lynn Compton
Lynn Davis "Buck" Compton (December 31, 1921 – February 25, 2012) was an American jurist, law enforcement officer, and United States Army officer during World War II, serving as a paratrooper in "Easy Company" of the 506th Infantry Regiment within the 101st Airborne Division.

After the war, he joined the Los Angeles Police Department and later the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office, where he rose to the position of chief deputy district attorney. He acted as the lead prosecutor in the trial of Sirhan Sirhan for the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy. He was eventually appointed as an associate justice on the California Court of Appeal.

Compton's World War II exploits were depicted in the 1992 book Band of Brothers by historian Stephen E. Ambrose, and the 2001 HBO miniseries of the same name, in which Compton was portrayed by Neal McDonough.

506th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 506th Infantry Regiment, originally designated the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment (506th PIR) during World War II, is an airborne light infantry regiment of the United States Army. Currently a parent regiment under the U.S. Army Regimental System, the regiment has two active battalions: the 1st Battalion, 506th Infantry Regiment (1-506th IR) is assigned to the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division, and the 2nd Battalion, 506th Infantry Regiment (2-506th IR) is assigned to the 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division.

The regiment served with the 101st Airborne Division in World War II. Regimental elements have served with the 101st in Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Regimental elements have also served in peacetime and in Iraq with the 2nd Infantry Division.

The World War II actions of E Company ("Easy Company") of the regiment's 2nd Battalion were portrayed in the 2001 HBO miniseries Band of Brothers.
Zionsville, Pennsylvania
Zionsville is a village mostly in Upper Milford Township in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania with parts of the village located in Lower Milford Township. The West Branch Hosensack Creek forms its natural southeastern boundary and drains it via the Hosensack Creek to the Perkiomen Creek.

Zionsville is part of the Lehigh Valley, which has a population of 861,899 and is the 68th-most populated metropolitan area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census. Its ZIP Code is 18092.

Lower Milford Township, Pennsylvania
Lower Milford Township is a township in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population of Lower Milford Township was 3,775 at the 2010 census. It is a suburb of Allentown in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania.
2024 Algerian Super Cup
The 2024 Algerian Super Cup was the 14th edition of the Algerian Super Cup, a football match contested by the winners of the 2023–24 Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1 and 2023–24 Algerian Cup competitions. The match was played on February 8, 2025, between 2023–24 Ligue 1 winners MC Alger and 2023–24 Algerian Cup winners CR Belouizdad.

2023–24 Algerian Cup
The 2023–24 Algerian Cup (Arabic: كأس الجزائر 24-2023) is the 57th edition of the Algerian Cup. It is sponsored by Mobilis and known as the Mobilis Algerian Cup for sponsorship purposes. The winners will qualify to the 2024–25 CAF Confederation Cup. ASO Chlef are the defending champions.
Nancy Roper
Nancy Roper (1918–2004) was a British nurse theorist, lexicographer and creator with Winifred W. Logan and Alison J. Tierney of the Roper–Logan–Tierney model of nursing used widely in nurse training in the United Kingdom, USA and Europe, since mid-1970s.

Roper–Logan–Tierney model of nursing
The Roper, Logan and Tierney model of nursing (originally published in 1980, and subsequently revised in 1985, 1990, 1998 and the latest edition in 2000) is a model of nursing care based on activities of living (ALs). It is extremely prevalent in the United Kingdom, particularly in the public sector. The model is named after the authors – Nancy Roper, Winifred W. Logan and Alison J. Tierney
Donald L. McFaul
Donald Lewis McFaul (20 September 1957 – 20 December 1989) was a United States Navy SEAL killed in action at Paitilla Airfield during Operation Just Cause, the 1989 United States invasion of Panama. He was posthumously awarded the Purple Heart and Navy Cross for his heroism during the battle while pulling another SEAL to safety. Only two Navy Crosses were awarded for the 1989 operations in Panama. The Arleigh Burke-class destroyer USS McFaul (DDG-74) was named to honor him.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.
Alina, a Girl with a Jug
Alina, a Girl with a Jug, also simply known as Alina, and as Girl with a Jug, is a statue located in the Stefan Żeromski Park in Warsaw, Poland. It was made by Henryk Kuna and unveiled in 1936. The sculpture depicts a woman holding a jug, and it is placed on top of a fountain. It is commonly regarded as a symbol of the district of Żoliborz.

Stefan Żeromski Park (Warsaw)
The Stefan Żeromski Park (Polish pronunciation: [ˈstɛ.fan ʐɛˈrɔm.ski]; Polish: Park Stefana Żeromskiego) is an urban park in Warsaw, Poland, within the district of Żoliborz, at the intersection of Krasińskiego and Mickiewicza Streets. It was opened in 1932.
Busan International Film Festival
The Busan International Film Festival (BIFF; Korean: 부산국제영화제), formerly the Pusan International Film Festival (PIFF), held annually in Haeundae District, Busan, South Korea, is one of the most significant film festivals in Asia. The first festival, held from 13 to 21 September 1996, was also the first international film festival in Korea.

The main focus of the BIFF is to introduce new films and first-time directors, especially those from Asian countries. Another notable feature is the appeal of the festival to young people, both in terms of the large youthful audience it attracts and through its efforts to develop and promote young talent.

In 1999, the Pusan Promotion Plan (renamed Asian Project Market in 2011) was established to connect new directors to funding sources. The 16th BIFF in 2011 saw the festival move to a new permanent home, the Busan Cinema Center in Centum City.

Busan Cinema Center
The Busan Cinema Center (Korean: 영화의전당), also called Dureraum (두레라움; lit. enjoying seeing movies together), is the official venue of the Busan International Film Festival (BIFF), located in Centum City, Busan, South Korea. The about US$150 million (KRW 167.85 billion) center opened on September 29, 2011, almost three years after construction began.

The building won the International Architecture Award and the Chicago Athenaeum in 2007. As of July 2013, it has the Guinness World Record for the longest cantilever roof. The center was designed by the Austrian architectural design firm Coop Himmelb(l)au and constructed by Hanjin Heavy Industries.
Cohen@Mushon
Cohen@Mushon (Hebrew: כהן@מושון; pronounced Cohen At Mushon) are an Israeli hip hop duo comprising the rapper and record producer Michael Cohen and the actor Michael Moshonov. their musical producer and DJ is DJ Mesh. The rappers call themselves by the stage names "Cohen" and "Mushon" in reference to their last names, because they are both have the same first name, "Michael".

Cohen@Mushon's musical style is influenced mainly from the international hip hop scene.

Michael Cohen (Israeli musician)
Michael Cohen (Hebrew: מיכאל כהן; born October 5, 1986), known by his stage name Cohen (Hebrew: כהן) or by his producer name Cohen Beats (stylized as CohenBeats or Cohenbeats), he was a half of the duo Cohen@Mushon beside Michael Moshonov.
Helen Burke, Countess Clanricarde
Helen Burke, Countess Clanricarde (née MacCarty; c. 1641 – 1722), also styled Helen FitzGerald, was brought to France by her mother fleeing the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, against which her father, the 2nd Earl Muskerry, resisted to the bitter end. In France, she was educated at the abbey of Port-Royal-des-Champs together with her cousin Elizabeth Hamilton. She married three times. All her children were by her second husband, William Burke, 7th Earl of Clanricarde. She was the mother of Ulick Burke, 1st Viscount Galway, Margaret, Viscountess Iveagh, and Honora Sarsfield.

Elizabeth, Countess de Gramont
Elizabeth, comtesse de Gramont (née Hamilton; 1641–1708), was an Irish-born courtier, first after the Restoration at the court of Charles II of England in Whitehall and later, after her marriage to Philibert de Gramont, at the court of Louis XIV where she was a lady-in-waiting to the French queen, Maria Theresa of Spain.

Known as "la belle Hamilton", she was one of the Windsor Beauties painted by Peter Lely. She appears prominently in the Mémoires du comte de Grammont, written by her brother Anthony.
Lunar dynasty
The Lunar dynasty (IAST: Candravaṃśa) is a lineage or dynasty which claims to be descended from Chandra or Soma (the Hindu lunar deity).

According to the Shatapatha Brahmana, Pururavas was the son of Budha (himself often described as the son of Soma) and the gender-switching deity Ila (born as the daughter of Manu). Pururavas's great-grandson was Yayati, who had five sons named Yadu, Turvasu, Druhyu, Anu, and Puru. These seem to be the names of five Vedic tribes as described in the Vedas.

According to the Mahabharata, Lunar dynasty's progenitor Ila ruled from Prayaga, and had a son Shashabindu who ruled in the country of Bahli. The son of Ila and Budha was Pururavas, who became the first Chandravamsha, emperor of all of the earth. Ila's descendants were also known as the Ailas.

Pururavas
Pururavas (Sanskrit: पुरूरवस्, Purūravas) is a character in Hindu literature, a king who served as the first of the Lunar dynasty.

According to the Vedas, he is a legendary entity associated with Surya (the sun) and Usha (the dawn), and is believed to reside in the middle region of the cosmos. The Rig Veda (X.95.18) states that he was a son of Ilā and was a pious ruler. However, the Mahabharata states that Ila was both his mother and his father. According to the Vishnu Purana, his father was Budha, and he was ancestor of the tribe of Pururavas, from whom descended the Yadavas, Kauravas, and Pandavas of Mahābhārata.
Kbach Kun Khmer Boran
Kbach Kun Khmer Boran (Khmer: ក្បាច់គុនខ្មែរបុរាណ, lit. 'ancient Khmer martial arts techniques') is the umbrella term encompassing all Khmer martial arts. Among them, figure Bokator (ancient Khmer battlefield martial art), Kun Khmer (formalised kickboxing), Baok Chambab (Khmer traditional wrestling) and Kbach Kun Dambong Veng (Khmer fencing). Cambodian martial arts are a thousand-year old tradition, as evidenced by archeological vestiges.

Bokator
Bokator (Khmer: ល្បុក្កតោ, lbŏkkâtaô [lɓokatao]) or Kun Bokator (គុនល្បុក្កតោ, kun lbŏkkâtaô [kun lɓokatao], lit. 'the art of pounding the lion') is an ancient Cambodian battlefield martial art. It is one of the oldest fighting systems existing in the world and is recognised as intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO.

Oral tradition indicates that Bokator (or an early form thereof) was the close-quarter combat system used by the ancient Cambodian armies before the founding of Angkor, the capital city of the Khmer Empire. The martial art encompasses hand-to-hand, wrestling and weapon techniques.
Nguyễn Công Phượng
Nguyễn Công Phượng (born 21 January 1995) is a Vietnamese professional footballer who plays as a forward or an attacking midfielder for V.League 2 club Truong Tuoi Dong Nai.

Công Phuợng is lauded as "Vietnamese Messi" by fans and the media due to his playing style and physique, Công Phượng is one of the most promising football talents in Vietnam. He is a product of HAGL – Arsenal JMG Academy and was promoted to Hoang Anh Gia Lai senior team in 2015. Công Phượng was voted in 2015 as the 'Best Young Player of the Year. He has played in Belgium, South Korea and Japan.

Truong Tuoi Dong Nai FC
Truong Tuoi Dong Nai Football Club (Vietnamese: Câu lạc bộ Bóng đá Trường Tươi Đồng Nai), formerly known as Binh Phuoc, is a professional football club, based in Đồng Xoài ward, Đồng Nai, Vietnam, that plays in the V.League 2, the second tier of Vietnamese football.
Chemophobia
Chemophobia (or chemphobia or chemonoia) is an aversion to or prejudice against chemicals or chemistry. The phenomenon has been ascribed both to a reasonable concern over the potential adverse effects of synthetic chemicals, and to an irrational fear of these substances because of misconceptions about their potential for harm, particularly the possibility of certain exposures to some synthetic chemicals elevating an individual's risk of cancer.  Consumer products with labels such as "natural" and "chemical free" (the latter being impossible if taken literally, since all consumer products consist of chemical substances) appeal to chemophobic sentiments by offering consumers what appears to be a safer alternative (see appeal to nature).

Chemical free
Chemical free is a term used in marketing to imply that a product is safe, healthy or environmentally friendly because it only contains natural ingredients. The term is a misnomer, as all substances and objects are composed entirely of chemicals and energy. The term chemical is roughly a synonym for matter, and all substances, such as water and air, are chemicals.

The use of the term chemical free in advertising to indicate that a product is free of synthetic chemicals, and the tolerance of its use in this fashion by the United Kingdom's Advertising Standards Authority, has been the subject of criticism.

A study on American undergraduates' understanding of the term chemical, conducted by chemist Gayle Nicoll in 1997, noted that "People may hold both a scientific and layman's definition of a chemical without linking the two together in any way. They may or may not consciously distinguish that the term 'chemical' has different connotations depending on the situation."