hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Greater Taunton Area
The Greater Taunton Area is the suburban area surrounding the city of Taunton, in northeastern Bristol County, Massachusetts. It comprises various present-day municipalities that were once under the jurisdiction of Taunton in Colonial America. These present-day municipalities include the towns of Berkley, Dighton, Norton, and Raynham.

Dighton, Massachusetts
Dighton is a town in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 8,101 at the 2020 census. The town is located on the western shore of the Taunton River in the southeastern part of the state.
Hida Gokoku Shrine
Hida Gokoku Shrine (飛騨護國神社, Hida Gokoku Jinja) is a Shinto shrine located in Takayama, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. The shrine is designated to the people from the area who died during wars. The time period represented by the dead ranges from the Satsuma Rebellion in 1877 to World War II. Because it represented only a small portion of the prefecture, it was eventually replaced by the Gifu Gokoku Shrine.

Gifu Gokoku Shrine
Gifu Gokoku Shrine (岐阜護國神社, Gifu Gokoku Jinja) is a Shinto shrine located at the base of Mount Kinka in Gifu, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. The shrine is dedicated to the 37,000 residents of Gifu Prefecture who have died in wars since the Meiji Restoration. Official ceremonies are also held at the neighboring Hotel Seiran, which is part of the shrine facilities.

The shrine's two festivals are April 12 and October 5.
Nicolle Flint
Nicolle Jane Flint (born 15 July 1978) is an Australian politician. She was a member of the House of Representatives from 2016 to 2022, representing the Division of Boothby in South Australia. She is a member of the Liberal Party and succeeded the previous member, the Liberal Party’s Andrew Southcott, at the 2016 federal election.

Flint announced on 26 February 2021 that she would not contest the 2022 Australian federal election. She gave her valedictory speech on 16 February 2022.

On 1 May 2024, Flint was announced as the Liberal Party candidate for the Division of Boothby in the 2025 Australian federal election, however Flint was unsuccessful, losing to Labor’s Louise Miller-Frost on a 7.8% two party preferred swing.

Andrew Southcott
Andrew John Southcott (born 15 October 1967) is an Australian politician and medical practitioner. He was the Liberal member for the House of Representatives seat of Boothby from the 1996 election until he stood down at the 2016 election.
Loing
The Loing (French pronunciation: [lwɛ̃] ⓘ) is a 143 km (89 mi) long river in central France, a left tributary of the Seine.

Its source is in Sainte-Colombe-sur-Loing, in the southwest  of the department of Yonne, and it flows into the Seine in Saint-Mammès, near Moret-sur-Loing.
Its main tributaries are the Ouanne, the Aveyron, the Puiseaux, the Solin, the Lunain and the Orvanne.
The part of the Briare Canal between Rogny-les-Sept-Écluses and Montargis runs parallel to the Loing.

Aveyron (Loing)
The Aveyron (French pronunciation: [aveʁɔ̃] ⓘ) is a 30.1 km (18.7 mi) long river in France, a right tributary of the Loing.

The Aveyron flows into the Loing at Montbouy. Its discharge at La Chapelle-sur-Aveyron is 0.494 m3/s.

It crosses the following departments and communes:

Yonne: Champcevrais

Loiret: Le Charme, Saint-Maurice-sur-Aveyron, La Chapelle-sur-Aveyron, Montbouy
Ice cutting
Ice cutting is a winter task of collecting surface ice from lakes and rivers for storage in ice houses and use or sale as a cooling method. Rare today, it was common (see ice trade) before the era of widespread mechanical refrigeration and air conditioning technology.

Ice house (building)
An ice house or icehouse is a building used to store ice throughout the year, commonly used prior to the invention of the refrigerator. Some were underground chambers, usually man-made, located near natural sources of winter ice, such as freshwater lakes, but many were buildings with various types of insulation.

During the winter, ice and snow would be cut from lakes or rivers, taken into the ice house, and packed with insulation (often straw or sawdust). It would remain frozen for many months, often until the following winter, and could be used as a source of ice during the summer months.

The main application of ice was food preservation, but it could also be used to cool drinks or to prepare desserts such as ice cream and sorbet. During the heyday of the ice trade, a typical commercial ice house would store 2,700 tonnes (3,000 short tons) of ice in a 9-by-30-metre (30 by 100 ft) and 14-metre-high (45 ft) building.
Batman: Revolution
Batman: Revolution is an American superhero novel written by John Jackson Miller. The novel serves as a sequel to Batman: Resurrection and is set in Tim Burton's Batman film series, taking place in-between Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992). The novel introduces the characters of the Riddler and Killer Moth, and sets up the events of Batman '89: Echoes. It was released on October 21, 2025, by Penguin Random House.

Batman '89 (comic book)
Batman '89 is a superhero comic book limited series published by DC Comics that serves as a continuation of Tim Burton's two Batman films, Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992), which starred Michael Keaton as Bruce Wayne / Batman), ignoring the events of Batman Forever (1995) and Batman & Robin (1997). The series is written by the first two films' screenwriter, Sam Hamm, and illustrated by Joe Quinones. It was launched in August 2021 and ran for six issues.

A second series, Batman '89: Echoes, was announced by DC Comics on August 17, 2023, along with a November 28, 2023 release date, which also ran for six issues, with the first series retroactively titled Batman '89: Shadows.
Citroën ZX
The Citroën ZX is a small family car produced by the French manufacturer Citroën between 1991 and 1998.

At the beginning of the 1990s, the ZX was Citroën's entry in the class traditionally dominated in Europe by the Ford Escort and Vauxhall/Opel Astra, a market segment Citroën had briefly abandoned with the demise of the GSA in 1986.

The BX had tried to address the small family car market and the large family car market by being "between sizes" but well packaged. For 1993, the Citroën ZX chassis was also used for the Peugeot 306 which, with its attractive Peugeot 205 derived styling, was an even more successful car than its twin. The Citroën Berlingo and Peugeot Partner were also built on the front half of the same platform, the rear coming from the 405, an arrangement shared underneath the Xsara Picasso.

It was replaced by the Xsara in September 1997, but production in Europe continued until 1998.

Citroën BX
The Citroën BX is a large family car which was produced by the French manufacturer Citroën from 1982 to 1994. In total, 2,315,739 BXs were built during its 12-year history. The hatchback was discontinued in 1993 with the arrival of the Xantia, but the estate continued for another year. The BX was designed to be lightweight, using particularly few body parts, including many made from plastics.
Warren Anatomical Museum
The Warren Anatomical Museum, part of Harvard Medical School's Countway Library of Medicine, was founded in 1847 by Harvard professor John Collins Warren, whose personal collection of 160 unusual and instructive anatomical and pathological specimens form the nucleus of the museum's 15,000-item collection.

The museum's first curator was J.B.S. Jackson. The museum became a part of Countway Library's Center for the History of Medicine in 2000.

Warren also has objects significant to medical history, such as the inhaler used during the first public demonstration of ether-assisted surgery in 1846 (on loan to the Massachusetts General Hospital since 1948), and the skull of Phineas Gage, who survived a large iron bar being driven through his brain.

Boston Medical Library
42°20′6.89″N 71°6′14″W﻿ / ﻿42.3352472°N 71.10389°W﻿ / 42.3352472; -71.10389﻿ (The Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine)
The Boston Medical Library, founded in 1875 in Boston, Massachusetts, was originally organized to alleviate the problem of scattered distribution of medical texts throughout Boston. It has since evolved into the "largest academic medical library in the world".
Motion Picture Daily
Motion Picture Daily was an American daily magazine focusing on the film industry. It was published by Quigley Publishing Company, which also published the Motion Picture Herald. The magazine was formed by the merging of three existing Quigley publications: Exhibitors Trade Review, Exhibitors Daily Review, and Motion Pictures Today. The first issue was published in April 1931. The magazine was in circulation until 1972.

Motion Picture Herald
The Motion Picture Herald was an American film industry trade paper first published as the Exhibitors Herald in 1915, and Motion Picture Herald from January 1931–December 1972.  It was replaced by the QP Herald, which only lasted until May 1973.
Connecticut Route 49
Route 49 is a Connecticut state highway from Route 2 in Stonington to Route 14A in Sterling, in the southeast part of the state. It is a scenic route that runs 21.74 miles (34.99 km) through the Pachaug State Forest.

Connecticut Route 14
Connecticut Route 14 is one of several secondary routes from eastern Connecticut into Rhode Island. It runs from the Willimantic section of the town of Windham to the Rhode Island state line in Sterling.
Franciscan Sisters of the Poor
The Franciscan Sisters of the Poor (Latin: Sorores Franciscanae Pauperorum, abbreviated to S.F.P.) are a religious congregation which was established in 1959 as an independent branch from the Congregation of the Poor Sisters of St. Francis, founded in Germany by Blessed Frances Schervier in 1845.

In 1959, the American province of the Congregation separated from the German Motherhouse to become an independent Congregation under its current name. They have their headquarters in Brooklyn, New York.

Poor Sisters of St. Francis
The Poor Sisters of St. Francis (Latin: Sorores Pauperae sancti Francisci, abbreviated as S.P.S.F.) (German: Armen-Schwestern vom heiligen Franziskus), also known as the Aachener Franziskanerinnen, are a religious congregation founded by the Blessed Mary Frances Schervier in 1845 in Germany (from the name of their foundress sometimes known as the Schervier Sisters). Their distinguishing emblem is a red cross with the Instruments of the Passion on it, which was originally embroidered on the scapular of their religious habits.
King Charles the Martyr
King Charles the Martyr, or Charles, King and Martyr, is a title of Charles I, who was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1625 until his execution on 30 January 1649. The title is used by high church Anglicans who regard Charles's execution as a martyrdom. His feast day in the Anglican calendar of saints is 30 January, the anniversary of his execution in 1649. The cult of Charles the Martyr was historically popular with Tories.

The observance was one of several "state services" removed in 1859 from the Book of Common Prayer of the Church of England and the Church of Ireland. There remain some churches and parishes dedicated to Charles the Martyr, and his cult is maintained by some Anglo-Catholic societies, including the Society of King Charles the Martyr founded in 1894 and the Royal Martyr Church Union founded in 1906.

Society of King Charles the Martyr
The Society of King Charles the Martyr is an Anglican devotional society dedicated to the cult of Saint Charles the Martyr, a title of Charles I of England (1600–1649).  It is a member of the Catholic Societies of the Church of England, an Anglo-Catholic umbrella group. It is also active in the Scottish Episcopal Church and North America, and has international members elsewhere.
Nick Ut
Huỳnh Công Út, known professionally as Nick Ut (born March 29, 1951), is a Vietnamese-American photographer who worked for the Associated Press in Los Angeles. He won both the 1973 Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography and the 1973 World Press Photo of the Year for the 1972 photograph The Terror of War, depicting children running away from a napalm bombing attack during the Vietnam War. Since the release of the documentary The Stringer in 2025, the authorship of the photograph has been disputed; the documentary identified Nguyễn Thành Nghệ as the author, AP stood with the attribution to Ut, and World Press Photo suspended the authorship attribution until more evidence is available. Ut retired in 2017. Examples of his work may be found in the collection of the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC.

Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Photography
The Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Photography is one of the American Pulitzer Prizes annually awarded for journalism. From 2000 it has used the "breaking news" name but it is considered a continuation of the Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography, which was awarded from 1968 to 1999. Prior to 1968, a single Prize was awarded for photojournalism, the Pulitzer Prize for Photography, which was replaced in that year by Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography and Pulitzer Prize for Feature Photography.
Seungjeonmu
Seungjeonmu (Korean: 승전무) is a Korean court dance to wish for and celebrate victory. It is originated 2000 years ago and is composed of a sword dance and drum dance called mugo. Seungjeonmu or Dance of Military Triumph was performed to wish for victory from gods of earth and heaven when the nation was at war. Seungjeonmu is South Korea's Important Intangible Cultural Properties number 21, designated on December 21, 1968. The dance is performed in honor of Admiral Yi Sun shin who gained victory during the Imjin war (1592–1598) of the mid-Joseon dynasty.

Mugo
Mugo (Korean: 무고) is a jeongjae (정재; 呈才): a Korean court dance performed using drums. It was created in the Goryeo period. It also practiced in ritual dance of Seungjeonmu. Its name comprises the two words, mu (무, 舞) and go (고, 鼓) literally meaning dance and drum in Korean respectively.
Donald S. Klopfer
Donald Simon Klopfer (January 23, 1902 – May 30, 1986) was an American publisher, one of the founders of American publishing firm Random House, along with Bennett Cerf. Klopfer was the quiet inside businessman to Cerf's quite-visible and gregarious "Mr. Outside" personality.

Bennett Cerf
Bennett Alfred Cerf (born Benoît Cerf; May 25, 1898 – August 27, 1971) was an American writer, publisher, and co-founder of the American publishing firm Random House. Cerf was also known for his own compilations of jokes and puns, for regular personal appearances lecturing across the United States, and for his weekly television appearances for 16 years on the panel game show What's My Line?
Winsford, Somerset
Winsford is a village and civil parish in Somerset, England, located about 5 miles (8 km) north-west of Dulverton.

It is within the borders of the Exmoor National Park and around 10 miles (16.1 km) south-west of the coastal town of Minehead. The village has a hotel, The Royal Oak dating to before the start of the 16th century, and a small shop.

The village is on the route of the Samaritans Way South West and is located within the Exmoor National Park. To the east of the village is the hamlet of West Howetown.

Dulverton
Dulverton is a town and civil parish in west Somerset, England, near the border with Devon. The town had a population of 1,408 at the 2011 Census. The parish includes the hamlets of Battleton and Ashwick which is located approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) north west of Dulverton.

To the west of the hamlet lies Ashwick House, built in the Edwardian style in 1901. Also nearby is the estate of Northmoor, formerly a seat of Sir Frederick Wills, 1st Baronet of Northmoor, one of the four Wills Baronetcys, and the founders of the Imperial Tobacco Company. In 1929 Sir Frederick's son & heir, Sir Gilbert Wills, 2nd Baronet, was raised to the peerage as Baron Dulverton, whose principal seat was at Batsford Park, near Batsford, Gloucestershire.

Dulverton is a popular tourist destination for exploring Exmoor, and is home to the Exmoor National Park Authority headquarters.  The town lies on the route of the Exe Valley Way and Land's End Trail.
Wakulla Springs
Wakulla Springs is a first magnitude spring and major exposure point for the Floridan Aquifer that forms the Wakulla River.  Located 14 miles (23 km) south of Tallahassee, Florida and 5 miles (8.0 km) east of Crawfordville in Wakulla County, Florida at the crossroads of State Road 61 and State Road 267, it is protected in the Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park.

The Springs contain the fossilized remains of at least ten extinct mammals that date to the last glacial period, including mastodons.

Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park
Edward Ball Wakulla Springs State Park is a Florida State Park in Wakulla County, Florida, United States. This 6,000 acre (24 km2) wildlife sanctuary, located south of Tallahassee, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and designated a National Natural Landmark.
Mihi itch
Mihi itch or Mihisucht is the ambition to describe new species (or other taxa: subspecies, hybrids, genera, etc.) as a means to immortalize one's name. Mihi is the dative form of the Latin word ego, thus "mihi itch" means to satisfy one's egotistical  impulses. The expression appeared in print as early as 1884.

A consequence of the Mihi itch may be the unwarranted description of new taxa, differing only slightly from already established taxa, leading to taxonomic inflation. A more extreme case may be termed taxonomic vandalism when a large number of species are described with limited scientific evidence.

Taxonomic inflation
Taxonomic inflation is a pejorative term for what is perceived to be an excessive increase in the number of recognised taxa in a given context, due not to the discovery of new taxa but rather to putatively arbitrary changes to how taxa are delineated.

The best-known case is the elevation of a group of subspecies to species rank through the arbitrary decision that the differences between the various taxa warrant distinguishing them at species rank. The rise of molecular genetics is also correlated with the delineation of species based on a small number of genetic differences.

Taxonomic inflation is often claimed to occur for conservation reasons. It may be difficult to make a case for the protection of an isolated and unusual population of a common and widespread species, but it becomes much easier to do so if that population is recognised as a rare subspecies or species.
Shaft in Africa
Shaft in Africa is a 1973 American blaxploitation film directed by John Guillermin, and the third film of the Shaft series, starring Richard Roundtree as John Shaft. Stirling Silliphant wrote the screenplay. The film's budget was $1.5 million, but the film was a box office flop, grossing just $1 million. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer quickly sold the property to television, but the television series was cancelled after just seven episodes.

John Shaft
John Shaft is a fictional private investigator created by author/screenwriter Ernest Tidyman for the 1970 novel of the same name. He was portrayed by Richard Roundtree in the original 1971 film and in its four sequels—Shaft's Big Score! (1972), Shaft in Africa (1973), Shaft (2000) and Shaft (2019)—as well as in the seven 1973–74 Shaft television films. Samuel L. Jackson portrayed his son (introduced as his nephew), named John Shaft II, in Shaft (2000) and Shaft (2019), and Jessie Usher portrayed the character's grandson (named John "J.J." Shaft Jr.) in Shaft (2019). The blurb on the paperback on which the original film is based states Shaft is "Hotter than Bond, cooler than Bullitt."
Icing (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, icing is the formation of water ice on an aircraft. 
Icing has resulted in numerous fatal accidents in aviation history.
Ice accretion and accumulation can affect the external surfaces of an aircraft – in which case it is referred to as airframe icing – or the engine, resulting in carburetor icing, air inlet icing or more generically engine icing. These phenomena may, but do not necessarily occur together.

Not all aircraft, especially general aviation aircraft, are certified for flight into known icing (FIKI) – that is flying into areas with icing conditions certain or likely to exist, based on pilot reports, observations, and forecasts. In order to be FIKI-certified, aircraft must be fitted with suitable ice protection systems to prevent accidents by icing.

Ice protection system
In aeronautics, ice protection systems keep atmospheric moisture from accumulating on aircraft surfaces, such as wings, propellers, rotor blades, engine intakes, and environmental control intakes. Ice buildup can change the shape of airfoils and flight control surfaces, degrading control and handling characteristics as well as performance. An anti-icing, de-icing, or ice protection system either prevents formation of ice, or enables the aircraft to shed the ice before it becomes dangerous.
Trifluoroproscaline
Trifluoroproscaline (TFP), also known as 4-(3,3,3-trifluoropropoxy)-3,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine and scaline families related to mescaline. It is a trifluorinated derivative of proscaline. Based on limited trials, trifluoroproscaline is active at a dose of 33 to 66 mg or more orally and its duration is unknown. Initial trials provided evidence of effects including good fantasy and slight color intensification. The drug might be less potent than proscaline similarly to fluoroproscaline. It acts as a low-potency serotonin 5-HT2A receptor partial agonist and also interacts with other serotonin receptors and targets. Trifluoroproscaline was first described in the scientific literature by Daniel Trachsel in 2012. Its pharmacology was subsequently studied in greater detail in 2021. It is not a controlled substance in Canada as of 2025.

Fluoroproscaline
Fluoroproscaline (FP), also known as 4-(3-fluoropropoxy)-3,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine and scaline families related to mescaline. It is a fluorinated derivative of proscaline. The drug has a dose range of 60 to 150 mg and a duration of 3 to 5 hours. It is less potent than proscaline but more potent than mescaline and is much shorter-acting than proscaline or mescaline. The receptor interactions of fluoroproscaline have been studied. It is a low-affinity and low-potency agonist of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. The chemical synthesis of fluoroproscaline has been described. The drug was first described in the scientific literature by Daniel Trachsel in 2002. The pharmacology of fluoroproscaline was studied in greater detail in 2021. It is not a controlled substance in Canada as of 2025.
National Slavic Museum
The National Slavic Museum in Fell's Point, Baltimore is a museum dedicated to the documentation of the Polish and Slavic heritage of Baltimore, including Baltimore's Belarusian, Bulgarian, Carpatho-Rusyn, Croatian, Czech, Lemko, Moravian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, and Ukrainian heritage.

History of Poles in Baltimore
The history of Poles in Baltimore dates back to the late 19th century. The Polish community is largely centered in the neighborhoods of Canton, Fell's Point, Locust Point, and Highlandtown. Poles are the largest Slavic ethnic group in the city and one of the largest European ethnic groups.
Aimaq people
The Aimaq (Dari: ایماق, romanized: Aimāq), also known as the Chahar Aimaq, are a collection of Sunni and mostly Persian-speaking nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes. They live mainly in the central and western highlands of Afghanistan, especially in Ghor and Badghis. Aimaqs were originally known as chahar ("four") Aymaqs: Jamshidi, Aimaq Hazara, Firozkohi, and Taymani. The Timuri, which is a separate tribe but is sometimes included among Aimaqs, which is known as Aimaq-e dīgar ("Other Aimaq").

The Aimaq speak several subdialects of the Aimaq dialect of the Persian language, but some southern groups of Taymani, Firozkohi, and northeastern Timuri Aimaqs have adopted the Pashto language.

Taymani
The Taymani (Pashto: تایمنی) are an Aimaq people in Ghor Province in central Afghanistan. They speak the Aimaq dialect of but some southern groups of Taymanis speak the Pashto language. The Taymani people claim descent Kakar Pashtuns.