hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Decapping complex
The mRNA decapping complex is a protein complex in eukaryotic cells responsible for removal of the 5' cap.  The active enzyme of the decapping complex is the bilobed Nudix family enzyme Dcp2, which hydrolyzes 5' cap and releases 7mGDP and a 5'-monophosphorylated mRNA. This decapped mRNA is inhibited for translation and will be degraded by exonucleases. The core decapping complex is conserved in eukaryotes. Dcp2 is activated by Decapping Protein 1 (Dcp1) and in higher eukaryotes joined by the scaffold protein VCS. Together with many other accessory proteins, the decapping complex assembles in P-bodies in the cytoplasm.

Exonuclease
Exonucleases are enzymes that work by cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the end (exo) of a polynucleotide chain. A hydrolyzing reaction that breaks phosphodiester bonds at either the 3′ or the 5′ end occurs.  Its close relative is the endonuclease, which cleaves phosphodiester bonds in the middle (endo) of a polynucleotide chain.  Eukaryotes and prokaryotes have three types of exonucleases involved in the normal turnover of mRNA: 5′ to 3′ exonuclease (Xrn1), which is a dependent decapping protein; 3′ to 5′ exonuclease, an independent protein; and poly(A)-specific 3′ to 5′ exonuclease.

In both archaea and eukaryotes, one of the main routes of RNA degradation is performed by the multi-protein exosome complex, which consists largely of 3′ to 5′ exoribonucleases.
Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar
Johann Wilhelm (11 March 1530 – 2 March 1573) was a duke of Saxe-Weimar who became heavily involved in Imperial politics after his brother Johann Friedrich II was imprisoned. Although expected to defend Protestant interests, he alienated both the Emperor and his subjects by serving as a general for the Catholic king Charles IX of France in campaigns against the Huguenots. His political missteps led to Imperial distrust and resulted in the Division of Erfurt (1572), which split the duchy into three parts between him and his brother's two sons. Johann Wilhelm retained Weimar and gained Altenburg, Gotha, and Meiningen, but lost other territories.

John Frederick II, Duke of Saxony
John Frederick II of Saxony (German: Johann Friedrich II. von Sachsen; 8 January 1529 – 19 May 1595), was a prince of the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin. Although he nominally bore the title of Duke of Saxony, he in fact ruled the Saxon duchies of Coburg and Eisenach.
Hilda Tweedy
Hilda Tweedy, née Anderson (1911–2005) was an Irish women's rights activist. A founding member and leader of the Irish Housewives' Association (IHA), she was active for decades advocating for the rights of women on a diverse number of issues including equal pay, girls' education, recycling, the marriage bar (an Irish law that required a woman employed in the civil service to resign her position when she married), the right of women to serve on juries, and other issues. In 1973, she became the first chairperson of the Council for the Status of Women.

Irish Housewives Association
The Irish Housewives Association (IHA)  was an influential pressure group founded in 1942 to speak out about injustices and the needs of Irish women, inside and outside the home. The organization continued until 1992, when it dissolved itself.
3Teeth
3Teeth (stylized as 3TEETH or 3T3ETH) is an American industrial metal band from Los Angeles, California. Formed in 2013, the band consists of Alexis Mincolla (vocals), Chase Brawner (guitars), Xavier Swafford (keyboards and synthesizers), Andrew Means (modular synth and bass), and Nick Rossi (drums). They have released four studio albums: their self-titled debut in 2014, shutdown.exe in 2017, Metawar in 2019, and EndEx in 2023.

Shutdown.exe (album)
<shutdown.exe> (stylized as <shutdown.ɘxe>)  is the second studio album by the American industrial metal band 3Teeth. It was released on May 19, 2017, through the band's own independent label, OMF Records, under exclusive license to Cleopatra Records.
Ann-Margret
Ann-Margret Olsson (born 28 April 1941), credited as Ann-Margret, is an American actress, dancer, and singer with a career spanning seven decades. Her many screen roles include Pocketful of Miracles (1961), State Fair (1962), Bye Bye Birdie (1963), Viva Las Vegas (1964),  Carnal Knowledge (1971), The Train Robbers (1973), Tommy (1975), The Return of the Soldier (1982), 52 Pick-Up (1986), Newsies (1992), Grumpy Old Men (1993), Grumpier Old Men (1995), Any Given Sunday (1999), Taxi (2004), and Going in Style (2017). Her accolades include five Golden Globe Awards, an Emmy Award, two Academy Award nominations and two Grammy nominations.

52 Pick-Up
52 Pick-Up is a 1986 American neo-noir crime film directed by John Frankenheimer and starring Roy Scheider, Ann-Margret, and Vanity. It is based on Elmore Leonard's 1974 novel 52 Pickup and is the second adaptation of it after The Ambassador (1984).
Rauf Orbay
Hüseyin Rauf Orbay (27 July 1881 – 16 July 1964) was a Turkish naval officer, statesman and diplomat of Abkhaz origin. During the Italo–Turkish and Balkan Wars he was known as the Hero of Hamidiye for his exploits as captain of the eponymous cruiser. Orbay briefly served as Minister of Navy in October 1918, and signed the Armistice of Mudros on behalf of the Ottoman Empire.

He played an important role in the Turkish War of Independence, during which he served as the prime minister of the Ankara government between 12 July 1922 and 4 August 1923.

During the Republican period he was one of the founders of the Progressive Republican Party. He was put on trial for his involvement in an alleged assassination attempt against Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and sentenced to ten years in prison. Orbay was rehabilitated in 1939 and served as an MP for Kastamonu and then ambassador to London.

Abkhazians
The Abkhaz people, sometimes referred to as the Abkhazians, are a Northwest Caucasian ethnic group native to Abkhazia—a disputed region on the northeastern coast of the Black Sea. A large Abkhaz diaspora population resides in Turkey, the origins of which lie in the Caucasian War in the late 19th century. Many Abkhaz also live in other parts of the former Soviet Union, particularly in Russia and Ukraine.
Bayard Cutting Arboretum State Park
Bayard Cutting Arboretum State Park is a 691-acre (2.80 km2) state park located in the hamlet of Great River, New York, on Long Island. The park includes an arboretum designed by Frederick Law Olmsted for William Bayard Cutting in 1886, as well as a mansion designed by Charles C. Haight. Today Bayard Cutting Arboretum State Park is one of the last remaining estates on the South Shore of Long Island. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1973 as a historic district. Robert Fulton Cutting, known as the “first citizen of New York” and his wife Helen Suydam Cutting, niece to Caroline Astor, would frequent the manor house and estate as both William and Robert were brothers. Together Robert and William brought the sugar beet industry to the United States.

Westbrook, Suffolk County, New York
Westbrook, a large rambling house of many gables and tall chimneys on the South Shore of Long Island, lies on the west bank of the Connetquot River.

The estate has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1973 as a national historic district.
Beserkley Records
Beserkley Records was an American independent record label based in Berkeley, California, from 1973 to 1984.  Beserkley is usually regarded as a power pop and rock and roll label. During the 1970s, the label released albums by Earth Quake, Greg Kihn, Jonathan Richman, and The Modern Lovers, the Rubinoos, and the Tyla Gang. Several other artists appeared on singles, or on compilation albums. From 1980 to its dissolution in 1984, Beserkley was a one-artist label, the artist being Greg Kihn.

Sean Tyla
Sean Tyla (born John Michael Kenneth Tyler, 3 August 1947 – 17 May 2020) was an English rock guitarist, keyboardist, vocalist and songwriter, sometimes known as the "Godfather of Boogie". Best known for his work with Ducks Deluxe and Tyla Gang, he also played with Help Yourself, Joan Jett, and Deke Leonard, and appeared solo.
EO Media Group
The EO Media Group, formerly known as the East Oregonian Publishing Company, is a newspaper publishing company based in the U.S. state of Oregon. It publishes 17 newspapers in the state and in southwestern Washington.

Country Media, Inc.
Country Media, Inc. is an American media and web design company based in Salem, Oregon, which owns 10 community newspaper properties in Oregon and one in California. The company previously owned newspapers in the West North Central states.
Oregon Route 207
Oregon Route 207 is an Oregon state highway running from U.S. Route 26 in Mitchell to U.S. Route 730 near Cold Springs Junction.  OR 207 is 152.30 miles (245.10 km) long and runs north–south.

Part of OR 207 is included in the Blue Mountain Scenic Byway.

Oregon Route 74
Oregon Route 74 is an Oregon, U.S. state highway running from Interstate 84 in Gilliam County to U.S. Route 395 in Umatilla County.  OR 74 is known as the Heppner Highway No. 52 (see Oregon highways and routes).  It is 83.05 miles (133.66 km) long and runs east–west.

Part of OR 74 is included in the Blue Mountain Scenic Byway.
Ryan Shuck
Ryan Shuck is an American musician and co-founder of electronic rock bands Orgy and Julien-K. He was the guitarist and backing vocalist of Dead by Sunrise, the alternative rock side project of Linkin Park frontman Chester Bennington. He was also the lead singer of the rock band Adema from 2019 to 2024. Initially in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Shuck played in the Bakersfield-based rock band Sexart alongside future Korn lead singer Jonathan Davis and future Adema bassist Dave DeRoo.

Shuck owns four restaurants in Orange County, California and a recording studio in Long Beach, California.

Orgy (band)
Orgy is an American rock band formed in 1997, from Los Angeles, California. The band is best known for their cover version of the New Order song "Blue Monday", and their original song "Stitches", both from their 1998 album Candyass. In 2000, they released their second album, Vapor Transmission, with "Fiction (Dreams in Digital)", "Opticon", and "Eva" as singles.
Unfinished Monkey Business
Unfinished Monkey Business is the debut solo album by Ian Brown released in February 1998 via Polydor Records.  The album was self-financed and produced by Brown, and was his first album release since the break-up of The Stone Roses in October 1996.  Ex-Roses members Mani, Reni, Nigel Ipinson, Aziz Ibrahim and Robbie Maddix helped pen and perform the instruments on many of the album's tracks.  "Ice Cold Cube", which premiered at The Stone Roses final concert, was first released on this album.

Ian Brown
Ian George Brown (born 20 February 1963) is an English musician. He was the lead singer and the only continuous member of the alternative rock band the Stone Roses from their formation in 1983. Following the band's initial split in 1996, he began a solo career, releasing seven studio albums, a greatest hits compilation, a remix album, an 11-disc box set titled Collection, and 19 singles. He returned to singing for the Stone Roses between 2011 and 2017.
Bowen v. Georgetown University Hospital
Bowen v. Georgetown University Hospital, 488 U.S. 204 (1988), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court held that agencies should not be presumed to have the power to promulgate retroactive rules unless that power is expressly authorized by Congress. Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote for a unanimous court that the Secretary of Health and Human Services had exceeded his rulemaking authority under the Medicare Act in promulgating a wage index rule in 1984 under which he would recoup Medicare reimbursements paid to hospitals, including Georgetown University Hospital, that had been disbursed since 1981 according to the pre-1984 rule. Justice Antonin Scalia authored a concurring opinion, writing separately that, in addition to the particular language of the Medicare Act, the Administrative Procedure Act more broadly prohibits retroactive rulemaking because it defines rules as having exclusively future effect, as opposed to adjudicative orders.

MedStar Georgetown University Hospital
MedStar Georgetown University Hospital is one of the Washington, D.C. area's oldest academic teaching hospitals. It is a not-for-profit, acute care teaching and research facility located in the Georgetown neighborhood of the Northwest Quadrant of Washington, D.C.

MedStar Georgetown is co-located with the Georgetown University Medical Center and is affiliated with the Georgetown University School of Medicine. The hospital is home to the Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and centers of excellence in gastroenterology, neurology, neurosurgery, organ transplantation, psychiatry, and vascular surgery. Originally named Georgetown University Hospital, it became part of the MedStar Health network in 2000.

The hospital has 609 licensed beds and employs over 4,000 personnel.

In 2023, the hospital opened a new $750 million pavilion, containing a new emergency department, rooftop helipad, 31 advanced operating rooms, and over 150 private patient rooms.
Polymer fractionation
Polymers are chainlike molecules that are made of the same repetition unit. With a few exceptions such as proteins, a polymer consists of a mix of molecules with different chain lengths. Therefore, average values are given for the molecular weight like the number average, the weight average or the viscosity average molar mass. A measure for the width of the molecular weight distribution is the polydispersity index. The targeted manipulation of the molecular weight distribution of a polymer by removing short and/or long chain material is called polymer fractionation.

Molar mass distribution
In polymer chemistry, the molar mass distribution (or molecular weight distribution) describes the relationship between the number of moles of each polymer species (Ni) and the molar mass (Mi) of that species. In linear polymers, the individual polymer chains rarely have exactly the same degree of polymerization and molar mass, and there is always a distribution around an average value. The molar mass distribution of a polymer may be modified by polymer fractionation.
The Question Concerning Technology
The Question Concerning Technology (German: Die Frage nach der Technik) is a work by Martin Heidegger, in which the author discusses the essence of technology. Heidegger originally published the text in 1954, in Vorträge und Aufsätze.

Heidegger initially developed the themes in the text in the lecture "The Framework" ("Das Gestell"), first presented on December 1, 1949, in Bremen. "The Framework" was presented as the second of four lectures, collectively called "Insight into what is." The other lectures were titled "The Thing" ("Das Ding"), "The Danger" ("Die Gefahr"), and "The Turning" ("Die Kehre").

Gestell
Gestell (or Ge-stell, translated as "Enframing" or "positioning") is a German word used by twentieth-century German philosopher Martin Heidegger to describe what lies behind or beneath modern technology. Heidegger introduced the term in 1954 in The Question Concerning Technology, a text based on the lecture "The Framework" ("Das Gestell") first presented on December 1, 1949, in Bremen. It was derived from the root word stellen, which means "to put" or "to place" and combined with the German prefix Ge-, which denotes a form of "gathering" or "collection". The term encompasses all types of entities and orders them in a certain way.
Wan Chai
Wan Chai (Chinese: 灣仔) is located in the western part of Wan Chai District on the northern shore of Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. It is bounded by Canal Road to the east, Arsenal Street to the west, and Bowen Road to the south. The area north of Gloucester Road is often called Wan Chai North.

Wan Chai is one of the busiest commercial areas in Hong Kong with offices of many small and medium-sized companies. Wan Chai North features office towers, parks, hotels and an international conference and exhibition centre. Wan Chai is also well known for its famous night life which has evolved over decades. As one of the first areas developed in Hong Kong, the locale is densely populated but facing urban decay. The government has undertaken several urban renewal projects in recent years. There are various landmarks and skyscrapers within the area, most notably the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre (HKCEC), Central Plaza and Hopewell Centre.

Wan Chai District
Wan Chai District is one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. Of the four on Hong Kong Island, it is north-central, and had 166,695 residents in 2021, an increase from 152,608 residents in 2011. The district has the second-highest educationally qualified residents with the highest-bracket incomes, the lowest population and the third-oldest quotient. It is a relatively affluent district, with one in five persons having liquid assets of more than HKD 1 million.
Laodicea Combusta
Laodicea Combusta (Ancient Greek: Λαοδίκεια Κατακεκαυμένη, Laodikeia Katakekaumenê, "Laodicea the Burned") or Laodicea (Greek: Λαοδίκεια), and later known as Claudiolaodicea, was a Hellenistic city in central Anatolia, in the region of Pisidia; its site is currently occupied by the town of Ladik in the municipality of Sarayönü, Konya Province, in Central Anatolia, Turkey.

Pisidia
Pisidia or Pisidya (/pɪˈsɪdiə/; Greek: Πισιδία) was an ancient Anatolian region located north of Pamphylia, northeast of Lycia, west of Isauria and Cilicia, and south of Phrygia, corresponding roughly to the modern-day Antalya Province of the Republic of Turkey. Among Pisidia's settlements were Antioch in Pisidia, Termessos, Cremna, Sagalassos, Etenna, Neapolis, Selge, Tyriacum, Laodiceia Katakekaumene, Adada, and Philomelium.
KHVN
KHVN (970 AM) is a radio station licensed to Fort Worth, Texas, and serving the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, owned and operated by iHeartMedia, Inc.  It airs an African American targeted all-news radio format, simulcast with co-owned KKGM 1630 AM, affiliates of the national Black Information Network.

By day, KHVN is powered at 1,000 watts.  But to avoid interference with other stations on 970 AM, it reduces power to 270 watts at night.  The transmitter is on Kimbo Road near Mesquite Road in Fort Worth.  Programming is also heard on 150 watt FM translator K237HD in Fort Worth.

Black Information Network
Black Information Network (BIN) is a radio network and content brand owned by iHeartMedia. Launched on June 30, 2020, it is an all-news radio network of stations targeting African American communities, carrying mostly important national news headline stories as well as current events and special interest features. Some stations also incorporate local news, traffic, weather, and sports updates into the network feed. Tony Coles is the network's president and Tanita Myers is the news director.
Buton Regency
Buton Regency (Kabupaten Buton) is a regency of Indonesia's Southeast Sulawesi Province, lying entirely on Buton Island. Until 2014 it had an area of 2,681.22 km2, and a population estimated at 276,944 (for January 2014). However, in 2014 it was divided into three regencies, with two new regencies being cut out of it; the residual area now is 1,647.87 km2, and the districts in that area contained a population of 94,388 at the 2010 Census while the 2020 Census produced a total of 115,207; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 120,873
The capital is nominally at Pasarwajo, but the regency's administration is actually undertaken in the city of Baubau on the south-west of the island, although that city is administratively separate from the Regency.

Baubau
Baubau is a city in Southeast Sulawesi province, Indonesia. The city is located on the southwest coast of Buton island. Baubau attained city status on 21 June 2001 after Law Number 13 of 2001 was passed. It covers an area of 294.98 square kilometres (113.89 sq mi), of which about 30 square kilometres (12 sq mi) is water. It had a population of 136,991 at the 2010 Census and 159,248 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate in mid-2023 was 161,280. The city is the economic center of the Buton Island region and the second-largest city in the province. It was the cultural center of the Butonese people, the former capital of the Sultanate of Buton, the seat of the colonial administration of Eastern Sulawesi (Afdeeling Ost Celebes), and briefly the capital of the entire Southeast Sulawesi regency until 1955 when the capital status shifted to neighbouring Kendari.
Mahane Yehuda (neighborhood)
Mahane Yehuda (Hebrew: מחנה יהודה, "Camp of Judah") is an historic neighborhood in Jerusalem. Established on the north side of Jaffa Road in 1887, it was planned and managed by the consortium of Swiss-Christian banker Johannes Frutiger and his Jewish partners, Joseph Navon and Shalom Konstrum. By the end of the 19th century, it encompassed 162 homes. Originally occupied by upper middle-class residents, it became a working-class neighborhood beginning in the late 1920s. Today the neighborhood is part of Nachlaot. The Mahane Yehuda Market ("the shuk") located across the street was named after the neighborhood.

Jaffa Road
Jaffa Road, also called Jaffa Street (Hebrew: רחוב יפו, romanized: Rehov Yaffo; Arabic: شارع يافا) is one of the longest and oldest major streets in Jerusalem. It crosses the city from east to west, from the Old City walls to downtown Jerusalem, the western portal of Jerusalem and the Jerusalem–Tel Aviv highway. It is lined with shops, businesses, and restaurants. It joins with Ben Yehuda Street and King George Street to form the Downtown Triangle central business district. Major landmarks along Jaffa Road are Tzahal Square (IDF square), Safra Square (city hall), Zion Square, Davidka Square, the triple intersection (Hameshulash) at King George V Street and Straus Street, the Ben Yehuda Street pedestrian mall, the Mahane Yehuda market, and the Jerusalem Central Bus Station. Most of Jaffa Road has been redeveloped as a car-free pedestrian mall served by the Jerusalem Light Rail. The Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon railway station is located directly adjacent to the Central Bus Station.
Adam Kubert
Adam Kubert (/ˈkjuːbərt/; born 1959) is an American comics artist known for his work for publishers such as Marvel Comics and DC Comics, including work on Action Comics, Astonishing Spider-Man & Wolverine, The Incredible Hulk, Ultimate Fantastic Four, Ultimate X-Men, and Wolverine.

Kubert was rated by Wizard magazine as one of the "Hot 10 Writers and Artists" in the industry in 2008. He is the son of Joe Kubert and brother of Andy Kubert, both comic book artists as well, and the uncle of comics editor Katie Kubert. Born in Dover, New Jersey he is an instructor at the Joe Kubert School located there, which Joe Kubert founded, and at which he and Andy studied.

The Kubert School
The Joe Kubert School of Cartoon and Graphic Art, Inc., commonly known as The Kubert School or Joe Kubert School, is a private for-profit art school focused on cartooning and graphic art located in Madison, New Jersey. It teaches the principles of sequential art and the particular craft of the comics industry as well as commercial illustration. The school's instructors are professional writers, artists, colorists, and letterers working in the comic book and commercial art field, many of whom are alumni.