hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edgerton Bible Case
State ex rel. Weiss v. District Board, 76 Wis. 177 (1890), popularly known as the Edgerton Bible case, was an important court case involving religious instruction in public schools of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The case was unanimously decided in favor of the appellants, and declared that the use of the King James Bible in Edgerton public schools was unconstitutional sectarian education.

Edgerton, Wisconsin
Edgerton is a city in Rock and Dane counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 5,945 at the 2020 census, of which 5,799 were in Rock County and 146 were in Dane County. Edgerton was historically known as "Tobacco City U.S.A." because of the importance of tobacco growing in the region.
Law enforcement in France
Law enforcement in France is centralized at the national level. Recently, legislation has allowed local governments to hire their own police officers which are called the police municipale.

There are two national police forces, called the "Police nationale" and "Gendarmerie nationale. The Prefecture of Police of Paris provides policing services directly to Paris as a subdivision of France's Ministry of the Interior. Within these national forces, only certain designated police officers have the power to conduct criminal investigations, which are supervised by investigative magistrates.

Municipal Police (France)
The municipal police (French: Police Municipale) are the local police of towns and cities in France. There are 24,000 municipal police officers in 4,555 communities. The municipal police are one of the three components of French policing, alongside the National Police and the National Gendarmerie, with about 145,000 police and 98,000 soldiers respectively.

Policing in Paris is the responsibility of the Paris Police Prefecture, part of the National Police. However, Paris now has a municipal police which is replacing the Direction de la prévention, de la sécurité et de la protection (DPSP) (Prevention, Security and Protection Directorate) which is composed of agents with some municipal police powers titled inspecteurs de sécurité (Security Inspectors). The police powers of the Paris mayor however remain more limited than the powers of regular French mayor.
Diverterless supersonic inlet
A diverterless supersonic inlet (DSI) is a type of jet engine air intake used by some modern combat aircraft to control air flow into their engines. It consists of a "bump" and a forward-swept inlet cowl, which work together to divert boundary layer airflow away from the aircraft's engine. This eliminates the need for a splitter plate, while compressing the air to slow it down from supersonic to subsonic speeds. The DSI can be used to replace conventional methods of controlling supersonic and boundary-layer airflow.

DSIs can be used to replace variable-geometry intake ramps and inlet cones, which are more complex, heavy and expensive. They have become the predominant inlet designs for modern combat aircraft due to their low weight and cost while having relatively decent performance up to Mach 2.

Splitter plate (aeronautics)
A splitter plate is a component in some jet aircraft, used to control the airflow into the engine. Where the engine air intake is mounted partway back along the fuselage or under the wing, the splitter plate diverts the boundary layer away from the engine intake. It is a form of boundary layer control.
Okonoko, West Virginia
Okonoko is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. Okonoko is located in northern Hampshire County, along the Potomac River and the CSX Cumberland Subdivision of the former Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.

Originally known as Cacaponville due to its proximity to the Little Cacapon River, the community's post office was established in 1843 and its name was changed to Okonoko in 1853. By 1885, the community's population numbered around 50, and it grew to around 100 in 1898 and 1899. Okonoko's post office remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1958, with its mail routed through nearby Paw Paw, West Virginia.

Hampshire County, West Virginia
Hampshire County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,093. Its county seat is Romney, West Virginia's oldest town (1762). The county was created by the Virginia General Assembly in 1754, from parts of Frederick and Augusta Counties (Virginia) and is the state's oldest county. The county lies in West Virginia's Potomac Highlands region.

Hampshire County is part of the Winchester, VA-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Stadler KISS
The Stadler KISS is a family of bilevel electric multiple unit commuter trains developed and built since 2008 by Stadler Rail of Switzerland. As of 2025, around 700 KISS trainsets have been sold to operators in 14 countries. Boarding is done into the lower deck.

SBB RABe 514
The RABe 514 is a class of four-car double-decker electric multiple unit used by the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) for the Zurich S-Bahn. It is part of the Siemens Desiro Double Deck product family. The trains are also referred to as DTZ, which stands for the German word Doppelstocktriebzug (lit. 'double decker multiple unit').
My Runway
My Runway (Korean: 마이 런웨이) is a South Korean streaming television series directed by Heo Chan. It stars Park Ji-yeon, Kang Dong-ho, Kang Chul-woong, Ahn Bo-hyun, Hak Jin, and Jo Hye-ryung. The series aired from 20 December to 31 December 2016, consisting of six episodes.

Park Ji-yeon
Park Ji-yeon (Korean: 박지연; born June 7, 1993), known mononymously as Jiyeon, is a South Korean singer, actress, model,  host and entertainer. She debuted as a member of girl group T-ara in July 2009. Apart from her group's activities, she has also starred in various television dramas such as Soul (2009), Master of Study (2010), Dream High 2 (2012), Triangle (2014), she also starred in various films such as Death Bell 2: Bloody Camp (2012), Encounter (2015). She debuted as a solo artist with her first EP, Never Ever, on May 20, 2014, making her the first T-ara member to debut as a solo artist.
Somghan Rural District
Somghan Rural District (Persian: دهستان سمغان) is in the Central District of Kuhchenar County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Somghan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Malay-e Anbar.

Malay-e Anbar
Malay-e Anbar (Persian: ملاي انبار) is a village in, and the capital of, Kuhmareh Rural District of Kuhmareh District, Kuhchenar County, Fars province, Iran. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Nowdan. Malay-e Anbar was the capital of Somghan Rural District until its capital was transferred to the village of Somghan.
Tower
A tower is a tall structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting structures.

Towers are specifically distinguished from buildings in that they are built not to be habitable but to serve other functions using the height of the tower. For example, the height of a clock tower improves the visibility of the clock, and the height of a tower in a fortified building such as a castle increases the visibility of the surroundings for defensive purposes. Towers may also be built for observation, leisure, or telecommunication purposes. A tower can stand alone or be supported by adjacent buildings, or it may be a feature on top of a larger structure or building.

Clock tower
Clock towers are a specific type of structure that house a turret clock and have one or more clock faces on the upper exterior walls. Many clock towers are freestanding structures but they can also adjoin or be located on top of another building. Some other buildings also have clock faces on their exterior but these structures serve other main functions.

Clock towers are a common sight in many parts of the world with some being iconic buildings. One example is the Elizabeth Tower in London (usually called "Big Ben", although strictly this name belongs only to the bell inside the tower).
May 2020 Tillabéri massacres
On May 9, 2020, gunmen attacked the villages of Gadabo, Zibane Koira-Zeno, and Zibane Koira-Tegui in the Tillabéri Region of Niger. At least twenty people were killed. The perpetrators and motive of the attacks are unknown.

Tillabéri Region
Tillabéri (var. Tillabéry) is one of the seven regions of Niger. The capital of the region is Tillabéri. Tillabéri Region was created in 1992, when Niamey Region was split, with Niamey and its immediate hinterland becoming a new capital district enclaved within Tillabéri Region.
Chimera (mythology)
According to Greek mythology, the Chimera, Chimaera, Chimæra, or Khimaira (/kaɪˈmɪərə, kɪ-, -mɛər-/ ky-MEER-ə, kih-, -⁠MAIR-; Ancient Greek: Χίμαιρα, romanized: Chímaira, lit. 'she-goat') was a monstrous fire-breathing hybrid creature from Lycia, Asia Minor, composed of different animal parts. Typically, it is depicted as a lion with a goat's head protruding from its back and a tail ending with a snake's head. Some representations also include dragon's wings. It was an offspring of Typhon and Echidna, and a sibling of monsters like Cerberus and the Lernaean Hydra.

The term "chimera" has come to describe any mythical or fictional creature with parts taken from various animals.

Echidna (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Echidna (/ɪˈkɪdnə/; Ancient Greek: Ἔχιδνα, romanized: Ékhidna, lit. 'she-viper', pronounced [ékʰidna]) was a monster, half-woman and half-snake, who lived alone in a cave. She was the mate of the fearsome monster Typhon and was the mother of many of the most famous monsters of Greek myth.
Allysin Kay
Allysin Kay (born November 5, 1987) is an American professional wrestler. She is best known for her time with the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), where she is the current NWA World Women's Tag Team champion in her second reign. She is also a one-time NWA World Women's Champion. She has also worked for Impact Wrestling under the ring name Sienna, being a two-time TNA/Impact Knockouts Champion and one-time GFW Women's Champion. She also wrestles on the independent circuit in the United States and Canada.

NWA World Women's Tag Team Championship
The NWA World Women's Tag Team Championship is a women's professional wrestling tag team championship defended in member promotions of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). Ella Waldek and Mae Young are the inaugural champions. The current champions are The Hex (Allysin Kay and Marti Belle), who are in their second reign as a team and individually. They won the titles by defeating TVMA (Tiffany Nieves and Valentina) on December 13, 2025 at the NWA Powerrr tapings (aired February 10, 2026) in St. Louis, Missouri.
Mogotes de Jumagua
The Mogotes de Jumagua are a set of eight elevated limestone features (Spanish: Mogotes) in the Villa Clara Province of Cuba. They are located within the orographic group Heights of the Northwest in the center-north of the island of Cuba, two kilometers south-west from the city of Sagua la Grande.

The pinnacles are of Upper Cretaceous age and are fused to each other, presenting enormous caverns. They have great scientific interest due to the enormous concentration of flora and fauna in a relatively reduced area, forming an ecological small island.  Species in the area are vestige of the old primitive Cuban gold coast forests. It was listed as a nature reserve by the Cuban authorities, protecting an area of 4.79 km2 (1.85 sq mi).

Sagua La Grande
Sagua la Grande (nicknamed La Villa del Undoso, sometimes shortened in Sagua) is a municipality located on the north coast of the province of Villa Clara in central Cuba, on the Sagua la Grande River.  The city is close to Mogotes de Jumagua, limestone cliffs. Many cays of the Sabana-Camaguey Archipelago are located off the northern coast. People born in Sagua are called "sagüeros".
Ebuka Obi-Uchendu
Chukwuebuka Obi-Uchendu // ⓘ (born 14 July 1982) is a Nigerian media personality. He is known for hosting the reality show Big Brother Naija (also known as BBNaija), the talk show Rubbin' Minds on Channels TV as well as co-hosting The Spot and Men's Corner on Ebonylife television. He is an ambassador for Budweiser Nigeria, Samsung Nigeria, and 2Sure Nigeria.

Obi-Uchendu has received several award nominations and won the award for Outstanding TV Presenter of the Year at the Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards for his work on Rubbin' Minds.

Big Brother Naija
Big Brother Naija, formerly known as Big Brother Nigeria, is a Nigerian reality competition television series based on the Big Brother franchise. On the show, contestants live in an isolated house and compete for a large cash prize and other material rewards by avoiding eviction, with viewers voting for their favourite housemates to remain in the competition.

The first season of the show aired on M-Net and DStv Channel 37 from 5 March to 4 June 2006. The voting results were verified by the auditing firm Alexander-Forbes.
St Dunstan's, Stepney
St Dunstan's, Stepney, is an Anglican church located in Stepney High Street, Stepney, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The church is believed to have been founded, or re-founded, in AD 952 by St Dunstan, the patron saint of bell ringers, metalworkers and Stepney.

The church is also known as the Mother Church of the East End, and the Church of the High Seas.

Dunstan
Dunstan (c. 909 – 19 May 988) was an English bishop and Benedictine monk. He was successively Abbot of Glastonbury Abbey, Bishop of Worcester, Bishop of London and Archbishop of Canterbury, later canonised. His work restored monastic life in England and reformed the English Church. His 11th-century biographer Osbern, himself an artist and scribe, states that Dunstan was skilled in "making a picture and forming letters", as were other clergy of his age who reached senior rank.

Dunstan served as an important minister of state to several English kings. He was the most popular saint in England for nearly two centuries, having gained fame for the many stories of his greatness, not least among which were those concerning his famed cunning in defeating the Devil.
Todd Smith (musician)
Todd Edward Smith is an American singer, songwriter and guitarist who most notably fronts the rock band Dog Fashion Disco. He is also involved with the bands Polkadot Cadaver, Knives Out!, Beyond Paranoid, and his solo project El-Creepo!

Dog Fashion Disco
Dog Fashion Disco (often shortened to DFD) is an American avant-garde/alternative metal band from Rockville, Maryland. They were originally active from 1995 to 2007, then disbanded before reuniting in October 2013.
Wizzard
Wizzard were an English rock band formed by Roy Wood, previously a co-founding member of the Move and the Electric Light Orchestra. The Guinness Book of 500 Number One Hits states, "Wizzard was Roy Wood just as much as Wings was Paul McCartney." They are most famous for their 1973 Christmas single "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday", which went Top 5 in the UK. They also achieved two UK No. 1 singles with "See My Baby Jive" and "Angel Fingers (A Teen Ballad)"

Angel Fingers (A Teen Ballad)
"Angel Fingers (A Teen Ballad)" is a popular song by English rock band Wizzard.

Written and produced by Roy Wood, it was Wizzard's second, and last, UK number one single, spending a week at the top of the UK Singles Chart in September 1973. It peaked at number seven in Ireland.

Backing vocals were provided by The Bleach Boys and the Suedettes.

Far Out Magazine's Lauren Hunter considered "Angel Fingers" a contender of "the worst number one of 1973".
Nuclear chain fiber
A nuclear chain fiber is one of two types of intrafusal muscle fibers in muscle spindles (the other being the nuclear bag fibers), so named because its muscle cell nuclei are arranged in a "chain" along the whole length of the sensory middle portion of the fiber. It is innervated by both type Ia and type II sensory fibers (whereas nuclear bag fibers are innervated solely by type Ia sensory fibers) and responds tonically according to the degree of static muscle stretch.

Nuclear chain fibers are about half the diameter of nuclear bag fibers. Each muscle spindle contains 3–9 nuclear bag fibers.

The tautness of nuclear chain fibers is adjusted mainly by static γ motor neurons to optimise the static response of the muscle spindle.

Muscle spindle
Muscle spindles are stretch receptors within the body of a skeletal muscle that primarily detect changes in the length of the muscle. They convey length information to the central nervous system via afferent nerve fibers. This information can be processed by the brain as proprioception. The responses of muscle spindles to changes in length also play an important role in regulating the contraction of muscles, for example, by activating motor neurons via the stretch reflex to resist muscle stretch.

The muscle spindle has both sensory and motor components.

Sensory information conveyed by primary type Ia sensory fibers which spiral around muscle fibres within the spindle, and secondary type II sensory fibers.

Activation of muscle fibres within the spindle by up to a dozen gamma motor neurons and to a lesser extent by one or two beta motor neurons.
Panic (From Ashes to New album)
Panic is the third studio album by American rock band From Ashes to New. It was released on August 28, 2020. The first single, "Panic", released ahead of the album in April 2020, and has since peaked in the top 20 of the Billboard Mainstream Rock Songs chart.

From Ashes to New
From Ashes to New is an American rock band from Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania. The band's lineup frequently shifted in its early years, with musician Matt Brandyberry being the founding and sole constant member of the group. The band has released four studio albums, Day One, The Future, Panic and Blackout. They have found success with many of their singles, including "Through It All", "Crazy", and "Panic", which reached peaks of 6, 3, and 11, respectively, on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart. Their singles "Nightmare", "Until We Break", "Hate Me Too", and "Armageddon", from the album Blackout, have earned them success as well.
Lucban
Lucban, officially the Municipality of Lucban (Tagalog: Bayan ng Lukban), is a municipality in the province of Quezon, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 54,134 people.

It is dubbed as the Summer Capital, Art Capital, Dance Capital, Tourist Capital, and Rice Capital of Quezon province. The town is also known for its annual Pahiyas Festival, which is held every May 15 in honor of San Isidro Labrador. The municipality is locally the 'Baguio' counterpart of the province.

Isidore the Laborer
Isidore the Laborer, born Isidro de Merlo y Quintana, also known as Isidore the Farmer (Spanish: San Isidro Labrador) (c. 1070 – 15 May 1130), was a Mozarab farmworker who lived in medieval Madrid. Known for his piety toward the poor and animals, he is venerated as a Catholic patron saint of farmers, and of Madrid; El Gobernador, Jalisco; Condiro Jalisco, La Ceiba, Honduras; and of Tocoa, Honduras. His feast day is celebrated on 15 May.

The Spanish profession name labrador comes from the verb labrar ("to till", "to plow" or, in a broader sense, "to work the land"). Hence, to refer to him as simply a "laborer" is a poor translation of the Spanish labrador as it makes no reference to the essential farming aspect of his work and his identity.
Grant Achatz
Grant Achatz (/ˈækɪts/ AK-its) (born April 25, 1974) is an American chef and restaurateur often recognized for his contributions to molecular gastronomy or progressive cuisine. Achatz has won numerous awards, including Food and Wine's "best new chefs" award in 1998, "Rising Star Chef of the Year Award" for 1999, "Best Chef in the United States" for 1998, a 2003 "Who's Who Inductee" from the James Beard Foundation, and a Jean Banchet Lifetime Achievement Award in 2026. His Chicago restaurant Alinea has won numerous accolades.

Food & Wine
Food & Wine is an American monthly magazine published by People Inc.. It was founded in 1978 by Ariane and Michael Batterberry.  It features recipes, cooking tips, travel information, restaurant reviews, chefs, wine pairings and seasonal/holiday content and has been credited by The New York Times with introducing the dining public to "Perrier, the purple Peruvian potato and Patagonian toothfish".

The premier event for the magazine is the Food & Wine Classic in Aspen, Colorado. The Classic features wine tasting, cooking demonstrations, and featured speakers as well as a cooking competition. Held annually in June, the event is considered the kickoff to the Aspen summer season and celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2023.

The winner of Top Chef, the reality television cooking competition, is featured in a spread in this magazine.
National Film Awards
The National Film Awards are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals from 1973 until 2020, and by the NFDC since 2021.

Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards. This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public. Declared for films produced in the previous year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.

National Film Development Corporation of India
The National Film Development Corporation of India (NFDC) based in Mumbai is the central agency established in 1975, to encourage high quality Indian cinema. It functions in areas of film financing, production and distribution and under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. The primary goal of the NFDC is to plan, promote and organise an integrated and efficient development of the Indian film industry and foster excellence in cinema.
Sir William Robertson, 1st Baronet
Field Marshal Sir William Robert Robertson, 1st Baronet, GCB, GCMG, GCVO, DSO (29 January 1860 – 12 February 1933) was a British Army officer who served as Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS) – the professional head of the British Army – from 1916 to 1918 during the First World War.

As CIGS he was committed to a Western Front strategy focusing on Germany. He had increasingly poor relations with David Lloyd George, Secretary of State for War and then Prime Minister. In 1917 Robertson supported the continuation of the Battle of Passchendaele at odds with Lloyd George's view that Britain's war effort ought to be focused on the other theatres until the arrival of sufficient US troops on the Western Front.
Robertson is the only soldier in the history of the British Army to have risen from an enlisted rank to its highest rank of field marshal.

Archibald Murray
General Sir Archibald James Murray, GCB, GCMG, CVO, DSO (23 April 1860 – 21 January 1945) was a British Army officer who served in the Second Boer War and the First World War. He was chief of staff to the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in August 1914 but appears to have suffered a physical breakdown in the retreat from Mons, and was required to step down from that position in January 1915. After serving as Deputy Chief of the Imperial General Staff for much of 1915, he was briefly Chief of the Imperial General Staff from September to December 1915. He was subsequently Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force from January 1916 to June 1917, in which role he laid the military foundation for the defeat and destruction of the Ottoman Empire in the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant.