hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kalloni
Kalloni (Greek: Καλλονή) is a town in the west-central part of the island of Lesbos, Greece. It is the seat of the West Lesbos municipality and the Kalloni municipal unit within it. Prior to 2011 the current municipal unit was a municipality. The name also existed in ancient times, though the conventional transcription of the classical name in English is "Callone".

It has a land area of 241.946 km². At the 2021 census it had a population of 7,762 inhabitants. The municipal seat was the town of Kalloní. The unit's largest other towns are Agra, Parákoila, Dáfia, Fília, Skalochóri, Anemotia, and Kerámi. Kalloni was known as Kalonya during Ottoman rule, when it was a nahiya (township) center in the Molova kaza of the Midilli sanjak. Lesbos became part of the Kingdom of Greece in 1912.

Agra, Kalloni
Agra (Greek: Άγρα) is a village and a community on the island of Lesbos in Greece. Situated 10 kilometres from the Aegean Sea in the Kalloni municipal unit, the village is dominated by livestock-farming. The region's milk is predominantly used in the production of cheese, with feta and gruyere most-commonly made.

Agra is home to the church of Saint Dimitrios and the chapels of Saint Georgios and Taxiarchis, home to ecclesiastical utensils, books and renowned xylographic iconostases. The community Agra includes the small port village Apothikes.
Quannnic
Nick Quan (born December 5, 2004), known professionally as Quannnic (stylized in all lowercase), is an American musician. Initially presenting a digicore sound, they began releasing music as Quannnic in late 2020 and released their debut studio album, Kenopsia, in February 2022. A track from the album, "Life Imitates Life", unexpectedly went viral on TikTok and charted on Billboard's Hot Hard Rock Songs. Quannnic's second studio album, Stepdream, was released in November 2023, and they later co-headlined an American tour with Jane Remover. On Quannnic's musical style, sources mostly described it as shoegaze, with Kenopsia mixing glitch elements and Stepdream emo. Their third album, Warbrained, was released in August 2025.

Jane Remover
Jane Remover (born September 26, 2003) is an American musician. They made their debut with Teen Week in 2021, a progressive pop and digicore EP with themes of adolescence. The same year, they released their debut studio album, Frailty, a coming of age album following the similar themes of Teen Week, but encompassing a wide range of genres. After coming out as transgender, they released their second studio album, Census Designated, in 2023, a shoegaze and post-rock concept album inspired by a "near-death experience" on a road trip. In 2025, they released their third studio album, Revengeseekerz, with influence from digicore and EDM.

In their side project Leroy, they pioneered the "dariacore" microgenre on SoundCloud with their album of the same name, in 2021. They also have an indie rock side project Venturing, with its most notable release being the album Ghostholding in 2025.
Slave iron bit
The iron bit, also referred to as a gag, was used by enslavers and overseers as a form of punishment on slaves in the Southern United States. The bit, sometimes depicted as the scold's bridle, uses similar mechanics to that of the common horse bit. The scolds bridle however, is almost always associated with its use on women in the early 17th century and there are very few accounts of the device as a method of torture against black slaves under that particular name.  As opposed to the whip, the iron bit lacks the historic, social, and literary symbolic fame that would make information on the use of the iron bit as accessible. Its use throughout history has warranted some attention though, mostly from literary texts. Even earlier, slave narratives and publications of newspapers and magazines from the 18th century on give evidence of this device being used to torture and punish slaves.

Scold's bridle
A scold's bridle, sometimes called a witch's bridle, a gossip's bridle, a brank's bridle, or simply branks, was an instrument of punishment, as a form of public humiliation. It was an iron muzzle in an iron framework that enclosed the head (although some bridles were masks that depicted suffering). A bridle-bit (or curb-plate), about 5 cm × 2.5 cm (2 in × 1 in) in size, was slid into the mouth and pressed down on top of the tongue, often with a spike on the tongue, as a compress. It functioned to silence the wearer from speaking entirely, to prevent the women from nagging. The scold's bridle was used on women. This prevented speaking and resulted in many unpleasant side effects for the wearer, including excessive salivation and fatigue in the mouth.
Hwasong-12B
The Hwasong-12B (Korean: 《화성-12나》형; lit. 'Mars Type 12B') is a North Korean single-stage, liquid-fueled hypersonic, intermediate-range ballistic missile. Unveiled in July 2023 during a military exhibition, Hwasong-12B is the second North Korean ballistic missile capable of carrying hypersonic glide vehicle (HGV) after Hwasong-8, as well as the third hypersonic missile of North Korea.

Hwasong-8
The Hwasong-8 (Korean: 《화성-8》형; lit. Mars Type 8) is a North Korean single-stage, liquid-fueled, hypersonic ballistic missile. First test-fired on 28 September 2021, Hwasong-8 is equipped with hypersonic glide vehicle for atmospheric reentry at high speed and missile defenses evasion, while incorporating liquid-propellant fuel ampoule system to reduce launch preparation time. It is considered to be the first hypersonic missile produced by North Korea.
Siarnaq
Siarnaq is the second-largest irregular moon of Saturn. It was discovered on 23 September 2000 by a team of astronomers led by Brett J. Gladman. It was named after the Inuit goddess of the sea, Siarnaq, who is more commonly known as Sedna. Siarnaq is the largest member of Saturn's Inuit group of prograde irregular moons, which orbit far from Saturn in the same direction as the planet's rotation. The moons of the Inuit group are believed to have originated as fragments from the collisional breakup of a larger progenitor moon after it was gravitationally captured into orbit around Saturn several billion years ago. Several other small Inuit group moons share similar orbits to Siarnaq, indicating that the moon had experienced another collision after forming from its progenitor.

Inuit group
The Inuit group is a dynamical grouping of prograde irregular satellites of Saturn which follow similar orbits. Although almost all irregular moons are believed to have originated from a captured asteroid that later got involved in a collision, it is not currently known whether all the members in the Inuit group originated from a single progenitor, though the moons with measured colours appear similar to each other. Within the Inuit group, there are three clusterings or subgroups, each associated with a moon (Kiviuq, Paaliaq, and Siarnaq) and a distinct semi-major axis. It is unclear how a collisional family could have ended up with as large of a spread in semi-major axis as the Inuit group is, however, the probability of three unrelated clusters having a similar inclination by coincidence is low.

The International Astronomical Union (IAU) uses names taken from Inuit mythology for these moons, though only five of them have names at present.
R v Stillman
R v Stillman [1997] 1 SCR 607, 1997 SCC 32 was a leading decision of the Supreme Court of Canada on section 24(2) of the Constitution of Canada which allowed for the exclusion of evidence that is obtained in a manner that infringes the Charter. The two-step Stillman test was developed for determining whether the admission of evidence that was obtained through a breach of a Charter right would affect the fairness of the trial. The issue of trial fairness comes into play when applying the first step of the Collins test to exclude evidence under section 24(2).

The case would later be replaced by the Supreme Court of Canada's decision in R v Grant.

R v Grant
R v Grant [2009] S.C.R., 2009 SCC 32 is a leading decision of the Supreme Court of Canada on section 9, section 10 and section 24(2) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms ("Charter"). The Court created a number of factors to consider when determining whether a person had been detained for the purpose of sections 9 and 10 of the Charter. The Court also created a new test for determining whether evidence obtained by a Charter breach should be excluded under section 24(2) of the Charter, replacing the Collins test.
Bernier Island
Bernier Island is one of three islands that comprise the Bernier and Dorre Island Nature Reserve in the Shark Bay World Heritage area in Western Australia.

The island and the neighbouring Dorre Island were locations for a lock hospital in the early 1900s.: 58–61

Dorre Island
Dorre Island is one of three islands that make up the Bernier and Dorre Island Nature Reserve in the Shark Bay World Heritage area in Western Australia. The island was named after Peter Dorre, the pilot of a Dutch vessel, the Eendracht, in 1616.

It was, with Bernier Island, a lock hospital location in the early 1900s.: 58–61
New York State Route 443
New York State Route 443 (NY 443) is an east–west state highway in the Capital District of New York in the United States. The route begins at an intersection with NY 30 in the town of Schoharie and ends 33.44 miles (53.82 km) later at a junction with U.S. Route 9W (US 9W) and US 20 in the city of Albany. It ascends the Helderberg Escarpment in the towns of Berne and New Scotland. Within the town of Bethlehem and the city of Albany, NY 443 is known as Delaware Avenue.

NY 443 was originally designated as the Albany County portion of NY 43 in the 1920s, but the NY 43 designation was truncated to Rensselaer in the early 1970s. The portion of NY 43 west of Madison Avenue in Albany was then redesignated as NY 443. Many of the reference markers along NY 443 bear the number "43" instead.

U.S. Route 9W
U.S. Route 9W (US 9W) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway in the states of New Jersey and New York. It begins in Fort Lee, New Jersey, as Fletcher Avenue crosses the US 1/9, US 46, and Interstate 95 (I-95) approaches to the George Washington Bridge, and heads north up the west side of the Hudson River to US 9 in Albany, New York. As its "W" suffix indicates, US 9W is a westerly alternate route of US 9 between the two locations. US 9W directly serves three cities—Newburgh, Kingston, and Albany—and enters the vicinity of several others. As the route heads north, it connects to several highways of regional importance, including I-84, US 209, New York State Route 23 (NY 23), and US 20. Much of US 9W parallels the New York State Thruway and NY 32; additionally, the latter overlaps with US 9W in four locations.
WSG Wannabe
WSG Wannabe (Korean: WSG워너비) is a seasonal South Korean supergroup formed on the MBC variety show Hangout with Yoo, and was a female counterpart of MSG Wannabe which formed in the previous year. The group, which officially formed on May 26, 2022, consists of twelve members (ranging from actresses to singers to K-pop idols): Yoon Eun-hye (Baby Vox), Navi, Lee Bo-ram, Kota (Sunny Hill), Park Jin-joo, Jo Hyun-ah (Urban Zakapa), Sole, Soyeon (Laboum), Eom Ji-yoon, Kwon Jin-ah, Hynn and Jung Ji-so. The group released their debut album and tracks on July 9, 2022.

MSG Wannabe
MSG Wannabe (Korean: MSG워너비) is a seasonal South Korean supergroup formed on the MBC variety show Hangout with Yoo. The group consists of members Byeollu Ji, Kim Jung-min, Kang Chang-mo, Jung Ki-suck, Lee Dong-hwi, Lee Sang-yi, Wonstein, and Parc Jae-jung.
General Grant Grove
General Grant Grove, a section of the greater Kings Canyon National Park, was established by the U.S. Congress in 1890 and is located in Fresno County, California. The primary attraction of General Grant Grove is the giant sequoia trees that populate the grove. General Grant Grove's best-known tree is called General Grant, which is 267 ft (81 m) tall and the third-largest known tree in the world. The General Grant tree is over 1,500 years old and is known as the United States' national Christmas tree. General Grant Grove consists of 154 acres (0.62 km2) and is geographically isolated from the rest of Kings Canyon National Park.

General Grant Tree
The General Grant Tree is the largest giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) in the General Grant Grove section of Kings Canyon National Park in California, and the second largest giant sequoia tree in the world after the General Sherman Tree. Once thought to be well over 2,000 years old, recent estimates suggest the General Grant Tree is closer to 1,650 years old. The tree also features the third largest footprint of any living giant sequoia, measuring 107.6 ft (32.8 m) in circumference at ground level.
Nathan Fake
Nathan Fake (born 1983) is an English electronic musician from Necton, Norfolk. He first gained attention through releases on James Holden's Border Community label, particularly the single "The Sky Was Pink" (2004), whose remix by Holden proved influential and attracted sustained attention over two years. Fake has released seven studio albums across four labels—Border Community, Ninja Tune, his own Cambria Instruments, and InFiné—and has remixed artists including Radiohead, Jon Hopkins, and Sasha. He co-founded Cambria Instruments with Wesley Matsell in 2014. His work has been generally well received by critics, with his debut Drowning in a Sea of Love (2006) his most acclaimed release.

James Holden (producer)
James Alexander Goodale Holden (born 7 June 1979) is an English electronic music artist and DJ. After beginning his career as a DJ and producer, Holden has moved extensively into live performance and founded his own record label, Border Community.
NZR E class (1872)
The NZR E class of Double Fairlie steam locomotives were two different types of Fairlie steam locomotives, used on New Zealand's railway network.

They were the first classes to take that designation, followed by the E class Mallet compound locomotive of 1906 and then the E class battery electric locomotive of 1922. The other Double Fairlie class was the B class, and there were also the Single Fairlie R and S classes.

Fairlie locomotive
A Fairlie locomotive is a type of articulated steam locomotive that has the driving wheels on bogies. It was invented by Robert Francis Fairlie. The locomotive may be double-ended (a double Fairlie) or single ended (a single Fairlie). Most double-ended Fairlies had wheel arrangements of 0-4-4-0T or 0-6-6-0T. All were tank locomotives.

While Fairlie locomotives are now used only on heritage railways, the majority of diesel and electric locomotives in the world follow the basic form of the Fairlie — two power trucks with all axles driven. Many also follow the Fairlie's double-ended concept, capable of being driven equally well in both directions.
Ouvrage Bousse
Ouvrage Bousse, also known as Ouvrage Bois de Bousse, is a lesser work (petit ouvrage) of the Maginot Line in the Fortified Sector of Boulay.  The ouvrage is located between petit ouvrage Hobling and gros ouvrage Anzeling, near Hestroff in the Bois du Bousse, facing Germany. A small position, it was manned primarily by reservists. It is noted for the events of 15 June 1940, when it received orders to prepare for an evacuation as German forces advanced along the Line in the Battle of France. As the garrison prepared to abandon the position, sabotaging equipment, they destroyed their telephone connection, leaving them unable to receive the order countermanding the evacuation. The garrison was captured three days after leaving Bousse. Bousse is now managed as a museum and is open to public visitation.

Fortified Sector of Boulay
The Fortified Sector of Boulay (Secteur Fortifiée de Boulay) was the French military organization that in 1940 controlled the section of the Maginot Line to the north and east of Metz in northeastern France. The left (western) wing of the Boulay sector was among the earliest and strongest portions of the Maginot Line. The right wing, started after 1931, was progressively scaled back in order to save money during the Great Depression. It was attacked in 1940 by German forces in the Battle of France.  Despite the withdrawal of the mobile forces that supported the fixed fortifications, the sector successfully fended off German assaults before the  Second Armistice at Compiègne. The positions and their garrisons finally surrendered on 27 June 1940.  Following the war many positions were reactivated for use during the Cold War.  Three locations are now preserved and open to the public.
Mayaki Seydou
Mayaki Seydou (born 1949) is a Nigerien former boxer. Seydou would compete at the 1972 Summer Olympics representing Niger in men's boxing. He would compete in the men's bantamweight division.

In his first match, Seydou beat Mehmet Kunova of Turkey and advanced to the second round. In the second round, he would lose to Stefan Förster of East Germany and would not advance further. Seydou placed equal seventeenth in the event alongside fifteen other competitors.

Stefan Förster
Stefan Förster (born 17 October 1950) is a German boxer. He competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics for East Germany. At the 1972 Summer Olympics, he defeated Les Hamilton and Mayaki Seydou, before losing to Alfonso Zamora.
Zocchihedron
Zocchihedron is the trademark of a 100-sided die invented by Lou Zocchi, which debuted in 1985. Unlike other polyhedral dice, it takes the appearance of a ball with 100 flattened spots. It is sometimes called "Zocchi's Golfball".

Zocchihedra are designed to provide percentage rolls in games, particularly in role-playing games. It is an alternative to the percentile die, which is used in conjunction with the d10 die.

Dice
A die (pl.: dice, sometimes also used as sg.) is a small, throwable object with marked sides that can rest in multiple positions. Dice are used for generating random values, commonly as part of tabletop games, including dice games, board games, role-playing games, and games of chance.

A traditional die is a cube with each of its six faces marked with a different number of dots (pips) from 1 to 6. When thrown or rolled, the die comes to rest showing a random integer from one to six on its upper surface, with each value being equally likely. Dice may also have other polyhedral or irregular shapes, may have faces marked with numerals or symbols instead of pips and may have their numbers carved out from the material of the dice instead of marked on it. Loaded dice are specifically designed or modified to favor some results over others, for cheating or entertainment purposes.
Liga Semi-Pro
Liga Semi-Pro (English: Semi-Pro League) was a semi-pro football league in Malaysia that operated from 1989 until 1993. The league was managed by the Football Association of Malaysia.

During its inaugural season, 17 teams participated in the league, divided in two divisions. Nine teams were in Divisyen 1 and eight teams in Divisyen 2. Under the new format, only the top six teams in Divisyen 1 and the Divisyen 2 champions and runners-up will be involved in the Piala Malaysia. Piala Malaysia was played from the quarter-final stage, scheduled for November after the league was finished. The league was the nation's top-tier until it was succeeded by the  Malaysian first professional football league, the Liga Perdana in 1994.

Liga Perdana (1994–1997)
The Liga Perdana (English: Premier League) was the top-tier football league in Malaysia that operated from 1994 to 1997. It was established to succeed the Liga Semi-Pro and become the fully professional league. At the time it was interchangeably referred as the Malaysian League. The inaugural season started on 5 April 1994. From 1998, its role was replaced by the Liga Perdana 1.
Princess Maria Immacolata of the Two Sicilies
Princess Maria Immaculata of the Two Sicilies (Full Italian name: Maria Immacolata Clementina, Principessa di Borbone delle Due Sicilie) (14 April 1844, Naples, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies – 18 February 1899, Vienna, Austria) was the fifth child and second-eldest daughter of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Maria Theresa of Austria. Through her marriage to Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria, Maria Immaculata became an Austrian archduchess.

Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria
Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria (Italian: Carlo Salvatore Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Battista Filippo Jacopo Gennaro Lodovico Gonzaga Raniero; German: Karl Salvator Maria Joseph Johann Baptist Philipp Jakob Januarius Ludwig Gonzaga Rainer; 30 April 1839 in Florence – 18 January 1892 in Vienna), was a member of the Tuscan branch of the House of Habsburg.
Dream Team (law)
The "Dream Team" refers to the team of trial lawyers that represented American athlete O. J. Simpson in his 1995 trial for the alleged murders of his former wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and Ronald Goldman. The team included Robert Shapiro, Johnnie Cochran, Carl Douglas, Shawn Chapman Holley, Gerald Uelmen, Robert Kardashian, Alan Dershowitz, F. Lee Bailey, Barry Scheck, Peter Neufeld, Robert Blasier, Murrough O'Rourke and William Thompson.

Johnnie Cochran
Johnnie Lee Cochran Jr. (/ˈkɒkrən/ KOK-rən; October 2, 1937 – March 29, 2005) was an American attorney from California who was involved in numerous civil rights and police brutality cases throughout his 38-year career. Noted for his skill in the courtroom, he is best known for leading the so-called "Dream Team" during the murder trial of O.J. Simpson.

Cochran also represented Sean Combs, Michael Jackson, Tupac Shakur, Stanley Tookie Williams, Todd Bridges, football player Jim Brown, Snoop Dogg, former heavyweight champion Riddick Bowe, 1992 Los Angeles riot beating victim Reginald Oliver Denny, inmate and activist Geronimo Pratt, and athlete Marion Jones when she faced doping charges during her high school track career.
Noah Hoover Mennonite
The Noah Hoover Mennonites, called "Old Order Mennonite Church (Hoover)" by the Mennonite World Conference, and sometimes called "Scottsville Mennonites”, are a group of very plain Old Order Mennonites that originally came from the Stauffer Mennonites and later merged with several other groups. Today it is seen as an independent branch of Old Order Mennonites. The group differs from other Old Order Mennonites by having settlements outside the US and Canada (in Belize) and by attracting new members from other groups on a larger scale. They have more restrictions on modern technology than all other Old Order Mennonite groups. They are rather intentionalist minded than ultra traditional.

Stauffer Mennonite
The Stauffer Mennonites, or "Pikers", are a group of Old Order Mennonites. They are also called "Team Mennonites", because they use horse drawn transportation. In 2015 the Stauffer Mennonites had 1,792 adult members.
Gwichʼin language
Gwichʼin (Dinju Zhuh Kʼyuu) is an Athabaskan language spoken by the Gwichʼin First Nation (in Canada) and Alaska Native People (in the United States). It is also known in older or dialect-specific publications as Kutchin, Takudh, Tukudh, or Loucheux. Gwichʼin is spoken primarily in the towns of Inuvik, Aklavik, Fort McPherson (aka Teetłʼit Zheh), and Tsiigehtchic (formerly Arctic Red River), all in the Northwest Territories and Old Crow in Yukon of Canada. In Alaska of the United States, Gwichʼin is spoken in Fort Yukon, Chalkyitsik, Birch Creek, Venetie and Arctic Village.

The ejective affricate in the name Gwichʼin is usually written with the symbol U+2019 ’ RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK, though the correct character for this use (with expected glyph and typographic properties) is U+02BC ʼ MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE.

Arctic Village, Alaska
Arctic Village (Vashrąįį Kʼǫǫ  in Gwichʼin) is an unincorporated Native American village and a census-designated place (CDP) in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population of the CDP was 152. This was unchanged from 2000. The village is located in the large Gwichʼin speaking region of Alaska, and the local dialect is known as Diʼhaii Gwich’in or shahanh. As of 1999, over 95% of the community speaks and understands the language. As of 2019, the second village chief was against oil drilling because of the impact on caribou.