hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Parthian style
The Parthian style is a style (sabk) of historical Iranian architecture defined by Mohammad Karim Pirnia.

This architectural style includes designs from the Seleucid (310–140 BCE), Parthian (247 BCE – 224 CE), and Sassanid (224–651 CE) eras, reaching its apex of development in the Sassanid period.

Examples of this style are Ghal'eh Dokhtar, the royal compounds at Nysa, Anahita Temple, Khorheh, Hatra, the Ctesiphon vault of Kasra, Bishapur, and the Palace of Ardashir in Ardeshir Khwarreh (Firouzabad).

The Parthi style of architecture appeared after Alexander the Great's conquest of the Achaemenid Empire in the 3rd century BCE, and historically includes the Sassanid, Parthian, and post Islamic eras, up to the 9th–10th centuries. The remains of the architectural style of this period are not abundant, and although much was borrowed and incorporated from Greek designs and methods, architects and builders of this age employed many innovative concepts of their own as well.

Temple of Anahita, Kangavar
34°30′05″N 47°57′37″E﻿ / ﻿34.501389°N 47.960278°E﻿ / 34.501389; 47.960278﻿ (Anahita temple, Kangavar, Iran)

The Anahita Temple (Persian: پرستشگاه‌ آناهیتا) is the name of one of two archaeological sites in Iran popularly thought to have been attributed to the ancient Iranian deity Anahita. The larger and more widely known of the two is located at Kangāvar in Kermanshah Province. The other is located at Bishapur.

The remains at Kangavar display Persian architectural designs. The plinth's enormous dimensions for example, which measure just over 200m on a side, and its megalithic foundations, which echo Achaemenid stone platforms, "constitute Persian elements". This is thought to be corroborated by the "two lateral stairways that ascend the massive stone platform recalling Achaemenid traditions", particularly that of the Apadana Palace at Persepolis.

Another Iranian construction is the Khurra mausoleum in Markazi Province.
Bell X-5
The Bell X-5 was the first aircraft capable of changing the sweep of its wings in flight. It was inspired by the untested wartime P.1101 design of the German Messerschmitt company. In a further development of the German design, which could only have its wing sweepback angle adjusted on the ground, the Bell engineers devised a system of electric motors to adjust the sweep in flight.

Messerschmitt P.1101
The Messerschmitt P.1101 was a single-seat, single-jet fighter project of World War II, developed as part of the 15 July 1944 Emergency Fighter Program which sought a second generation of jet fighters for the Third Reich. A prominent feature of the P.1101 prototype was that the sweep angle of the wings could be changed before flight, a feature further developed in later variable-sweep aircraft such as the Bell X-5 and Grumman XF10F Jaguar.
European Fund for the Balkans
The European Fund for the Balkans (Serbian Cyrillic: Европски фонд за Балкан; abbreviation: EFB) is an organisation based in Belgrade. It was founded in 2008 as a joint initiative by the Robert Bosch Stiftung, the ERSTE Foundation, the King Baudouin Foundation and the Compagnia di San Paolo in order to support countries from the former Yugoslavia during their EU association process.

The EFB coordinated the Civil Society Forum within the framework of the Berlin Process. On its 10th anniversary of the foundation launched the Declaration of a European Balkans Partnership, a document signed by numerous Balkan actors which calls for more engagement by the EU in the former Yugoslavia to complete the region's socio-economic transformation. Declaration was authored by Balkans in Europe Policy Advisory Group (BiEPAG) who consulted Balkans state officials, representatives of European Union, representatives of civil society and renowned experts and intellectuals.

Balkans in Europe Policy Advisory Group
The Balkans in Europe Policy Advisory Group (abbreviation: BiEPAG) is an expert group founded in 2013 by European Fund for the Balkans and Centre for Southeast European Studies of the University of Graz. It is composed of the policy analysts, scholars, researchers from the Balkans and wider Europe who are researching political, economic and social trends in the Balkans. The goal of the Group is to support European integration of the region, and to contribute to the consolidation of the vibrant democracies, through the facilitation of evidence based policy dialogue.
Mount Vernon, Glasgow
Mount Vernon is a residential area in the east end of the city of Glasgow, Scotland. It directly borders Sandyhills and Foxley to the west, while Barlanark is the closest neighbourhood to the north, Barrachnie and Baillieston to the east and Carmyle to the south, although Mount Vernon is separated from these by areas of open land, including Early Braes public park and the former Kenmuir farm.

Carmyle
Carmyle (/kɑːrˈmaɪl/; Scottish Gaelic: An Càrn Maol) is a suburb in the east end of Glasgow, Scotland, directly north of the River Clyde. It is in an isolated location separated from the main urban area of the city and has the characteristics of a semi-rural village. Administratively, Carmyle falls under the Shettleston ward of Glasgow City Council.
6-APDB
6-APDB, also known as 6-(2-aminopropyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran or as 4-desoxy-MDA, is an entactogen of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and dihydrobenzofuran families. It is an analogue of MDA where the heterocyclic 4-position oxygen from the 3,4-methylenedioxy ring has been replaced with a methylene bridge. 5-APDB (3-desoxy-MDA) is an analogue of 6-APDB where the 3-position oxygen has been replaced with a methylene instead. 5-APDB was developed by a team led by David E. Nichols at Purdue University as part of their research into non-neurotoxic analogues of MDMA and first described in 1993.

Substituted benzofuran
The substituted benzofurans are a class of chemical compounds based on the heterocyclic and polycyclic compound benzofuran. Many medicines use the benzofuran core as a scaffold, but most commonly the term is used to refer to the simpler compounds in this class which include numerous psychoactive drugs, including stimulants, psychedelics and empathogens. In general, these compounds have a benzofuran core to which a 2-aminoethyl group is attached (at any position), and combined with a range of other substituents. Some psychoactive derivatives from this family have been sold under the name Benzofury.
Macsyma
Macsyma (/ˈmæksɪmə/; "Project MAC's SYmbolic MAnipulator") is one of the oldest general-purpose computer algebra systems  still in wide use. It was originally developed from 1968 to 1982 at MIT's Project MAC.

In 1982, Macsyma was licensed to Symbolics and became a commercial product. In 1992, Symbolics Macsyma was spun off to Macsyma, Inc., which continued to develop Macsyma until 1999. That version is still available for Microsoft's Windows XP operating system.

The 1982 version of MIT Macsyma remained available to academics and US government agencies, and it is distributed by the US Department of Energy (DOE). That version, DOE Macsyma, was maintained by Bill Schelter. Under the name of Maxima, it was released under the GPL in 1999, and remains under active maintenance.

Maxima (software)
Maxima (/ˈmæksɪmə/) is a software package for performing computer algebra calculations in mathematics and the physical sciences. It is written in Common Lisp and runs on all POSIX platforms such as macOS, Unix, BSD, and Linux, as well as under Microsoft Windows and Android. It is free software released under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).
Lord Clyde-class ironclad
The Lord Clyde-class ironclads were a pair of wooden-hulled armoured frigates built for the Royal Navy in the 1860s. They were designed by Edward Reed and built to make use of the large stocks of seasoned timber available in the royal shipyards. The ships hold a number of records for the Navy, including being the largest wooden-hulled warships, having the most powerful engines in a wooden ship, and having the worst rolls in the fleet. The lead ship, Lord Clyde, initially had a main armament of 7 in (180 mm) rifled muzzle-loading (RML) guns and had a short career that was curtailed by problems with her engine and deterioration of her hull due to the use of unseasoned timber. The second ship of the class, Lord Warden, armed with a mixture of 7 in, 8 in (203 mm) and 9 in (229 mm) RML guns, served as the flagship of the Mediterranean Fleet and was mobilised during the Russo-Turkish War, although she did not see active service.

HMS Lord Clyde
HMS Lord Clyde was the name ship of the wooden-hulled Lord Clyde class of two armoured frigates built for the Royal Navy (RN) during the 1860s. She and her sister ship, Lord Warden, were the heaviest wooden ships ever built and were also the fastest steaming wooden ships in the RN. Lord Clyde was initially assigned to the Channel Fleet in 1866, but was transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet in 1868. The ship suffered engine problems throughout her career and it needed to be replaced after only two years of service. She rejoined the Mediterranean Fleet in 1871, but was badly damaged when she ran aground the next year. When Lord Clyde was under repair, her hull was found to be rotten and she was sold for scrap in 1875.
Party of Italian Communists
The Party of Italian Communists (Italian: Partito dei Comunisti Italiani, PdCI) was a communist party in Italy established in October 1998 by splinters from the Communist Refoundation Party (PRC). The split was led by Armando Cossutta, founder and early leader of the PRC, who opposed Fausto Bertinotti's leadership and, especially, his decision to withdraw support from Romano Prodi's first cabinet. In December 2014, the party was transformed into the Communist Party of Italy (PCd'I), which would later evolve into the new version of the Italian Communist Party (PCI).

Communist Party of Italy (2014)
The Communist Party of Italy (Italian: Partito Comunista d'Italia, PCd'I) was a short-lived communist party in Italy which represented a transition period between the Party of Italian Communists (1998–2014) and the Italian Communist Party (2016–present).
Palmer, Massachusetts
Palmer is a city in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. With a population was 12,448 at the 2020 census, Palmer is the least populous city in the Commonwealth. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area.  Palmer adopted a home rule charter in 2004 with a council-manager form of government. Palmer is one of thirteen Massachusetts municipalities that have city forms of government but retain "The town of" in their official names.

The villages of Bondsville, Thorndike, Depot Village, and Three Rivers are located in Palmer.

Three Rivers, Massachusetts
Three Rivers is a village and former census-designated place (CDP) in the city of Palmer in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is named for the confluence of the Ware and Quaboag rivers, which form the Chicopee River.
Live Rope
Live Rope is a 2024, and the overall tenth, live album by American experimental rock band Swans. Released in full as a USB "credit card" as well as in edited forms on CD and vinyl, the album served as a fundraiser for the seventeenth studio album Birthing and was their first live album since 2017's Deliquescence. The album comprises recordings from the band's tour supporting their previous album The Beggar, which took place from May 2023 to May 2024, and contains transformed material from that album as well as Leaving Meaning and Birthing.

Unlike previous fundraiser albums (with the exception of We Rose from Your Bed with the Sun in Our Head), which were released in limited quantities, the regular CD version of Live Rope was eventually announced to be made available perpetually as a live album in its own right. The vinyl and USB releases were limited to 1,000 and 1,300 copies respectively.

Deliquescence (album)
Deliquescence is a 2017 limited-edition, and the overall ninth, live album by American experimental rock band Swans. The album, limited to 3,000 CD-only copies, contains three tracks that have previously only been played live. The packaging for the CD release includes the details of location of each show, band photos, and alternative artwork.

At 155 minutes long, Deliquescence is the second longest release by the band to date, being beat out by the full version of their 2024 live album Live Rope.
Masaesyli
The Massaesylii ([mas.sae̯ˈsyː.liː]; Ancient Greek: Μασαισύλιοι, romanized: Masaisylioi; also Masaesyli) were a Berber confederate kingdom of western Numidia (central and western Algeria) and the main antagonists of the Massylii in eastern Numidia. The kingdom of Massaesylia extended all the way west to Mulucha river and under Syphax its authority extended to the Strait of Gibraltar.

During the Second Punic War the Massaesylii initially supported the Roman Republic and were led by the king Syphax against the Massylii, who were led by Masinissa, as an ally of the Carthaginian Republic. After Masinissa and the Massylii switched sides to Rome, the Massaesylii turned against Rome and allied with Hasdrubal Gisco. Syphax was defeated, however, and spent the remainder of his days in Roman captivity, while his kingdom was assimilated into the kingdom of Masinissa.

Massylii
The Massylii or Maesulians (Neo-Punic: 𐤌𐤔𐤋𐤉𐤉𐤌, MŠLYYM) were a Berber federation in eastern Numidia (central and eastern Algeria), which was formed by an amalgamation of smaller tribes during the 4th century BC. They were ruled by a king. On their loosely defined western frontier were the powerful Masaesyli. To their east lay the territory of the rich and powerful Carthaginian Republic. Their relationship to Carthage resembled that of a protectorate. Carthage maintained its dominance over the Massylii by skillful diplomatic manoeuvering, playing off local tribal and kingdom rivalries. The principal towns of the Massylii were Cirta, Tébessa and Thugga in modern-day Algeria and Tunisia.
Agnese del Maino
Agnese del Maino (c. 1411 – 13 December 1465) was a Milanese noblewoman and the mistress of Filippo Maria Visconti, the last legitimate duke of Milan of the Visconti dynasty. Agnese was the mother of Duchess Bianca Maria Visconti.

Visconti of Milan
The Visconti of Milan are a noble Italian family. They rose to power in Milan during the Middle Ages where they ruled from 1277 to 1447, initially as lords and then as dukes, and several collateral branches still exist. The effective founder of the Visconti Lordship of Milan was the Archbishop Ottone, who wrested control of the city from the rival Della Torre family in 1277.
Dragon Quest Builders
Dragon Quest Builders is a 2016 sandbox action role-playing game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita. It was ported to the Nintendo Switch in 2018, Android and iOS in 2022 and Microsoft Windows in 2024.

The game is set in Alefgard, the world of the original Dragon Quest video game, with players controlling the builder who is tasked with rebuilding the world after it was destroyed. The game features a blocky aesthetic style, with gathering and building elements similar to games such as Minecraft. A sequel, Dragon Quest Builders 2, was released in 2018.

Dragon Quest Builders 2
Dragon Quest Builders 2 is an action role-playing sandbox game co-developed by Square Enix and Koei Tecmo's Omega Force and published by Square Enix. The sequel to Dragon Quest Builders, it was released for the Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4 in Japan in December 2018 and worldwide in July 2019, for Windows in December 2019, and for the Xbox One in May 2021. The game shipped over a million copies by August 2019 and received generally favorable reviews from critics.
Jay Fox
Jay Fox (August 20, 1870 – March 8, 1961) was an American journalist, trade unionist, and political activist. The political trajectory of his life ran through anarchism, syndicalism, and communism, and he played a significant role in each of these political movements.

Fox is best remembered as a leading figure in a radical collective located in Home, Washington, near Tacoma, where he was editor of one of the leading English-language anarchist newspapers of the day, The Agitator. He became embroiled in legal difficulties related to the 1910 Los Angeles Times bombing and after 1913 made his home in Chicago, Illinois, where he was a close political associate of future Communist Party leader William Z. Foster.

William Z. Foster
William Z. Foster (born William Edward Foster; February 25, 1881 – September 1, 1961) was a radical American labor organizer and Communist politician, whose career included serving as  General Secretary of the Communist Party USA from 1945 to 1957. He was previously a member of the Socialist Party of America and the Industrial Workers of the World, leading the drive to organize packinghouse industry workers during World War I and the steel strike of 1919.
Ingleby Barwick
Ingleby Barwick is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees, North Yorkshire, England. It is south of the River Tees and north-east of the River Leven.

Large scale development of the town started in the late 1970s on farm land south-west of Thornaby,  the first development being officially opened on 30 July 1981 by the mayor of Stockton-on-Tees. The parish gained town status in 2007.

In 2011, the population of the civil parish of Ingleby Barwick was 20,378, its two electoral wards (which also include the settlements of Hilton, Maltby, High Leven and Low Leven) had a population of 21,045.

High Leven
54°30′18″N 1°18′25″W﻿ / ﻿54.505°N 1.307°W﻿ / 54.505; -1.307

High Leven is a village of Ingleby Barwick in North Yorkshire, England. It is in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees, on top of the River Leven's dell. It has a public house called The Fox Covert (previously Half Moon Inn) and a co-operative food store, open every day 05:00 to 24:00, with an ATM and petrol station.
Hippolyte Bis
Hippolyte Louis Florent Bis (29 August 1789 – 3 March 1855), was an early 19th-century French playwright and librettist. He is mostly known for the libretto to Gioachino Rossini's opera William Tell (premiered in 1829), which he wrote with Étienne de Jouy.

Victor-Joseph Étienne de Jouy
Victor-Joseph Étienne, called de Jouy (French pronunciation: [viktɔʁ ʒozɛf etjɛn də ʒwi]; 19 October 1764 – 4 September 1846), was a French dramatist who abandoned an early military career for a successful literary one.
National Unity and Armed Forces Day
National Unity and Armed Forces Day (Italian: Giornata dell’Unità Nazionale e delle Forze Armate) is an Italian national day since 1919 which commemorates the victory in World War I, a war event considered the completion of the process of unification of Italy. It is celebrated every 4 November, which is the anniversary of the armistice of Villa Giusti becoming effective in 1918 and ending the Italian front in victory against Austria-Hungary.

Public holidays in Italy
Public holidays in Italy are established by the Italian parliament and, with the exception of city or community patronal days, apply nationwide. These include a mix of national, religious and local observances. In Italy, there are also State commemoration days, which are not public holidays.
Karakucak
Karakucak or Karakucak Güreşi is one of the two Turkish folk wrestling styles practised nationwide and sanctioned by the Turkish Wrestling Federation. Like all other Turkish folk wrestling styles, karakucak competitions are held on grass fields. Competitors wear baggy trousers (şalvar) or special trousers named pırpıt made of canvas or other similarly sturdy fabric. Oiling the bodies and/or garments is strictly prohibited. 
Apart from this, Karakucak rules resemble Turkish oil wrestling rules. Among several local styles, Köprülü karakucak practised mainly in Çukurova has rules almost identical with Olympic freestyle wrestling.

Wrestling in Turkey
Wrestling (Turkish: güreş) is considered as an "ancestral sport" in Turkey,  represented foremost by the annual Kırkpınar tournament in oil wrestling.

Along with various highly esteemed styles of folk wrestling (known colloquially as çayır güreşi, or "meadow wrestling", because bouts are held on grass fields), olympic wrestling (known colloquially as minder güreşi, or "mat wrestling") is widely practiced, while Greco-Roman wrestling is less popular due to freestyle wrestling's technical affinity with folk wrestling.

Turkey currently has only one professional wrestling promotion, Turkish Power Wrestling founded in 2010.
Rod group
In mathematics, a rod group is a three-dimensional line group whose point group is one of the axial crystallographic point groups. This constraint means that the point group must be the symmetry of some three-dimensional lattice.

Table of the 75 rod groups, organized by crystal system or lattice type, and by their point groups:

The double entries are for orientation variants of a group relative to the perpendicular-directions lattice.

Among these groups, there are 8 enantiomorphic pairs.

Line group
A line group is a mathematical way of describing symmetries associated with moving along a line. These symmetries include repeating along that line, making that line a one-dimensional lattice. However, line groups may have more than one dimension, and they may involve those dimensions in its isometries or symmetry transformations.

One constructs a line group by taking a point group in the full dimensions of the space, and then adding translations or offsets along the line to each of the point group's elements, in the fashion of constructing a space group. These offsets include the repeats, and a fraction of the repeat, one fraction for each element. For convenience, the fractions are scaled to the size of the repeat; they are thus within the line's unit cell segment.
IB Group 2 subjects
The Group 2: Language acquisition (previously Second Language) subjects of the IB Diploma Programme consist of the nearly 80 additional languages offered and may be studied at the following levels: B (SL or HL), or ab initio (SL only). Latin and Classical Greek are also offered and may be taken at SL or HL. To earn an IB Diploma, a candidate must study an additional language, though a second Language A may be taken instead of studying that language as a Group 2 subject.

IB Group 1 subjects
The Group 1: Studies in language and literature (previously First Language) subjects of the IB Diploma Programme refer to the student's first language (native language or otherwise best language). Three courses are available: Language A: literature, Language A: language and literature and an interdisciplinary subject, Literature and performance. Students who complete two group 1 subjects (instead of a group 1 and group 2 subject), or complete a group 3 or 4 subject that is of a different language of the group 1 subject taken by the candidate, are eligible to be awarded a bilingual IB Diploma on the condition that the candidate obtains a level 3 or greater in both subjects.
Princess Khamerernebty
Khamerernebty A (fl. c. 2450 BC) was a daughter of King Nyuserre Ini of ancient Egypt from the 5th Dynasty. She was married to Ptahshepses (a vizier). Her name means Appearance of the beloved of the Two Ladies.

Ptahshepses
Ptahshepses (fl. c. 2450 BC) was the vizier and son-in-law of king Nyuserre Ini during the Fifth Dynasty. As such he was one of the most distinguished members of the royal court.
Ptahshepses' mastaba complex in Abusir is considered by many to be the most extensive and architecturally unique non-royal tomb of the Old Kingdom.