hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Archaic period (North America)
In the classification of the archaeological cultures of North America, the Archaic period in North America, taken to last from around 8000 to 1000 BC in the sequence of North American pre-Columbian cultural stages, is a period defined by the archaic stage of cultural development. The Archaic stage is characterized by subsistence economies supported through the exploitation of nuts, seeds, and shellfish.  As its ending is defined by the adoption of sedentary farming, this date can vary significantly across the Americas.

The term "Archaic Period" is also as a timespan label elsewhere in the Americas, with different timespans than the North American Archaic.

Chihuahua tradition
The Chihuahua (Southeastern) tradition (c. 6000 BC – c. AD 250) as a culture of south-central New Mexico and Chihuahua is still poorly defined. It probably includes several local adaptations that evolved over long periods of time. Irwin-Williams' hypothesis of four interacting Southwestern Archaic traditions, which differ from other traditions such as the Plains Archaic, is still provisional.
Peaceful Warrior
Peaceful Warrior is a 2006 sports drama film directed by Victor Salva and written by Kevin Bernhardt based on the 1980 novel Way of the Peaceful Warrior by Dan Millman. Set at U.C. Berkeley, the film stars Nick Nolte and Scott Mechlowicz alongside Amy Smart, Ashton Holmes and Agnes Bruckner, and follows Dan Millman (Mechlowicz), a talented gymnast who is mentored by gas station attendant Socrates (Nolte).

Way of the Peaceful Warrior
Way of the Peaceful Warrior is a part-fictional, part-autobiographical book based on the early life of the author Dan Millman. The book has been a bestseller in many countries since its first publication in 1980. The book initially had only modest sales before Hal Kramer came out of retirement to republish the book from the H. J. Kramer imprint of New World Library.

In early 2006, a film based on the novel, Peaceful Warrior, was released.
Shoplifters (film)
Shoplifters (Japanese: 万引き家族, romanized: Manbiki Kazoku, lit. 'Shoplifting Family') is a 2018 Japanese drama film written, directed and edited by Hirokazu Kore-eda. Starring Lily Franky and Sakura Ando, it is about a family that relies on shoplifting to cope with a life of poverty.

Kore-eda wrote the screenplay contemplating what makes a family, inspired by reports on poverty and shoplifting in Japan. Principal photography began in mid-December 2017.

Shoplifters premiered on 13 May 2018 at the Cannes Film Festival, where it won the Palme d'Or. The film was released in Japan on 8 June 2018 and was a critical and commercial success. Shoplifters won three Mainichi Film Awards, including Best Film, and the Asia Pacific Screen Award for Best Feature Film, and was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the Oscars and the Golden Globes.

2018 Cannes Film Festival
The 71st annual Cannes Film Festival took place from 8 to 19 May 2018. Australian actress Cate Blanchett served as jury president for the main competition. Japanese filmmaker Hirokazu Kore-eda won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for his drama film Shoplifters, marking Japan's first win after more than twenty years.

The official festival poster features Jean-Paul Belmondo and Anna Karina from Jean-Luc Godard's 1965 film Pierrot le Fou. It is the second time the festival poster was inspired by Godard's film after his 1963 film Contempt at the 2016 festival. According to festival's official statement, the poster is inspired by and paid tribute to the work of French photographer Georges Pierre.

The festival opened with Everybody Knows by Asghar Farhadi, and closed with The Man Who Killed Don Quixote by Terry Gilliam.
Team BRIT
Team BRIT is a British auto racing team formed in 2015, originally based at Dunsfold Aerodrome in Surrey, home of the Top Gear test track, but now in Washington, West Sussex. The team is composed of disabled drivers and currently (2024) competes in two British motor racing series, Britcar Endurance and Britcar Trophy, with the ultimate aim to race in 24 Hours of Le Mans

The key element which allows physically disabled drivers to compete is the specially developed hand control system fitted to all the cars.

Britcar
Britcar is an endurance sports car racing and touring car racing series in the United Kingdom.

It was formed in 1997, as a result of a discussion in a Nürburgring bar between Willie Moore and James Tucker. Folklore has it that James Tucker and John Veness formed the organizing European Endurance & Racing Club (EERC) with a £10 note found on the ground.  The foremost aim was the re-introduction of a 24-hour race in Britain.

At the end of the 2015 season, James sold the Britcar rights to Hedley Cowell Events Ltd. For the 2016 season, Claire Hedley re-launched Britcar Endurance as the Dunlop Endurance Championship and Dunlop Trophy Championship. For 2020 the series was invited to support the FIA World Endurance Championship races at Spa-Francorchamps and Silverstone. The race format was 2 × 60 mins Endurance races and 2 × 50 mins Trophy races.
Radviliškis–Daugavpils Railway
The Radviliškis–Daugavpils Railway (Lithuanian: Radviliškio–Daugpilio geležinkelis; Latvian: Radvilišķu–Daugavpils dzelzceļa līnija) is a cross-border railway line in Lithuania and Latvia. It connects the city of Radviliškis in north-central Lithuania with the city of Daugavpils in south-eastern Latvia. It is one of the main local railways in Lithuania with connection to neighbouring Latvia.

The 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) gauge railway line is unelectrified and single-track throughout its length from Linkaičiai to Daugavpils, as the double-track between Rokiškis and Obeliai was dismantled in 2002.

The railway was opened in 1873 as a branch line of the Libau–Romny Railway system which connected Ukraine with the Baltic Seaport of Liepāja (formerly: Libau).

Radviliškis
Radviliškis (pronunciationⓘ) is a city in the Radviliškis district municipality, Šiauliai County, in north-central Lithuania. Radviliškis has been the administrative center of the district since 1950, and is an important railway junction.
Aleppo soap
Aleppo soap (Arabic: صابون غَار, ṣābūn ghar, meaning "Bay laurel soap") also known as savon d'Alep, laurel soap, Syrian soap, or ghar soap is a handmade, hard bar soap originally from the city of Aleppo, Syria. Aleppo soap is classified as a Castile soap as it is a hard soap made from olive oil and lye, from which it is distinguished by the inclusion of laurel oil.

Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis /ˈlɔːrəs ˈnɒbɪlɪs/ is an aromatic evergreen tree or large shrub with green, glabrous (smooth) leaves. It is in the flowering plant family Lauraceae. According to  Muer, Jahn, & Sauerbier, the stem can be 1 metre in diameter and the tree can be as high as 20 metres. It is native to the Mediterranean region and is used as bay leaf for seasoning in cooking. Its common names include bay tree (esp. United Kingdom),: 84  bay laurel, sweet bay, true laurel, Grecian laurel, or simply laurel. Laurus nobilis figures prominently in classical Greco-Roman culture.

Worldwide, many other kinds of plants in diverse families are also called "bay" or "laurel", generally due to similarity of foliage or aroma to Laurus nobilis.
Indiana Statehouse
The Indiana Statehouse is the state capitol building of the U.S. state of Indiana. It houses the Indiana General Assembly, the office of the Governor of Indiana, the Indiana Supreme Court, and other state officials. The Statehouse is located in the capital city of Indianapolis at 200 West Washington Street. Built in 1888, it is the fourth building to house the state government.

The first statehouse, located in Corydon, Indiana, is still standing and is maintained as a state historic site. The second building was the old Marion County courthouse which was demolished and replaced in the early 20th century. The third building was a structure modeled on the Parthenon, but was condemned in 1877 because of structural defects and razed so the current statehouse could be built on its location.

Indiana General Assembly
The Indiana General Assembly is the state legislature, or legislative branch, of the U.S. state of Indiana. It is a bicameral legislature that consists of a lower house, the Indiana House of Representatives, and an upper house, the Indiana Senate. The General Assembly meets annually at the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis.

Members of the General Assembly are elected from districts that are realigned every ten years. Representatives serve terms of two years and senators serve terms of four years. Both houses can create bills, but bills must pass both houses before they can be submitted to the governor and enacted into law.

As of 2024, the Republican Party holds supermajorities in both chambers of the General Assembly. Republicans outnumber Democrats in the Senate by a 40–10 margin, and in the House of Representatives by a 70–30 margin.
Sam Warburton
Sam Kennedy Warburton OBE MStJ (born 5 October 1988), is a Welsh former international rugby union player. Warburton played rugby for Cardiff Rugby and was first capped for Wales in 2009. He usually played as an openside flanker but was also capable of playing at blindside.

In June 2011, Warburton captained Wales versus the Barbarians and, in August 2011, was named Wales captain for the 2011 Rugby World Cup. In April 2013, he was chosen to be the Lions' captain for the 2013 tour to Australia and became captain for the 2017 Lions tour to New Zealand. Warburton holds the record for the most Wales caps as captain (49).

In July 2018, Warburton announced his retirement from rugby union at 29 years of age after failing to recover fully from neck and back surgery.

Warburton founded the online fitness app SW7 Academy in 2019.

2017 British & Irish Lions tour to New Zealand
The British & Irish Lions toured New Zealand during June and July 2017. The Lions, a rugby union team selected from players eligible to represent England, Ireland, Scotland or Wales, played ten matches: against all five New Zealand Super Rugby franchises, the New Zealand Provincial Barbarians, the Māori All Blacks and three test matches against New Zealand.

The test series was drawn 1–1 – one victory each and a draw in the third match. Of the other tour matches, the Lions won four, lost two and drew one.

Wales coach Warren Gatland was head coach of the Lions, having also led the Lions to victory in the 2013 series against Australia. Former Wales captain Sam Warburton was appointed as tour captain, a role he also held on the 2013 tour. The Lions squad voted Jonathan Davies their player of the series.
Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani
Prince Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani (Georgian: სულხან-საბა ორბელიანი [sulχan saba oɾbeliani]; November 4, 1658 – January 26, 1725), known simply as Sulkhan-Saba, was a Georgian writer and diplomat. Orbeliani is noted in part due to his important role as an emissary of Georgia to France and the Vatican, where he vainly sought assistance on behalf of his beleaguered King Vakhtang VI.

Vakhtang VI
Vakhtang VI (Georgian: ვახტანგ VI, 15 September 1675 – 26 March 1737) was a Georgian monarch (mepe) of the royal Bagrationi dynasty. He ruled the East Georgian Kingdom of Kartli as a vassal of Safavid Persia from 1716 to 1724. One of the most important and extraordinary statesman of early 18th-century Georgia, he is known as a notable legislator, scholar, critic, translator and poet. His reign was eventually terminated by the Ottoman invasion following the disintegration of Safavid Persia, which forced Vakhtang into exile in the Russian Empire. Vakhtang was unable to get the tsar's support for his kingdom and instead had to permanently stay with his northern neighbors for his own safety. On his way to a diplomatic mission sanctioned by Empress Anna, he fell ill and died in southern Russia in 1737, never reaching Georgia.
Riverbank Publications
The Riverbank Publications is a series of pamphlets written by the people who worked for millionaire George Fabyan in the multi-discipline research facility he built in the early 20th century near Chicago. They were published by Fabyan, often without author credit. The publications on cryptanalysis, mostly written by William Friedman, with contributions from Elizebeth Smith Friedman and others, are considered seminal in the field. In particular, Publication 22 introduced the Index of Coincidence, a powerful statistical tool for cryptanalysis.

George Fabyan
"Colonel" George Fabyan (March 15, 1867 – May 17, 1936) was an American businessman who founded a private research laboratory. Fabyan's laboratory pioneered modern cryptography and was the forerunner of the NSA. The National Security Agency has recognized Riverbank Laboratories as the birthplace of U.S. cryptology.
Barnaul Airport
Barnaul Gherman Titov International Airport (Russian: Международный аэропорт Барнаул имени Германа Титова) (IATA: BAX, ICAO: UNBB) (sometimes referred to as Barnaul West or Mikhaylovka) is a major airport in Altai Krai, Russia located 17 km west of Barnaul. It contains large facilities and a remote tarmac, likely for military use. The airport services airliners and helicopters of all sizes, including planes as large as the Boeing 747, and the Il-96.

Barnaul Airport is named after Soviet cosmonaut Gherman Titov, an Altai Krai native who was the second human being (after Yuri Gagarin) to visit outer space.

Barnaul
Barnaul (Russian: Барнау́л, IPA: [bərnɐˈul] ⓘ) is the largest city and administrative centre of Altai Krai, Russia, located at the confluence of the Barnaulka and Ob rivers in the West Siberian Plain. As of the 2021 census, its population was 630,877, making it the 20th-largest city in Russia and the fourth-largest in the Siberian Federal District.

Located in the south of western Siberia on the left bank of the Ob River, Barnaul is a major transport, industrial, cultural, medical and educational hub of Siberia. Barnaul was founded by the wealthy Demidov family, who intended to develop the production of copper and silver, which continued after the factories were taken over by the Crown. Barnaul became a major centre of silver production in Russia. Barnaul was granted city status in 1771.
Brenau University
Brenau University is a private university in Gainesville, Georgia. Founded in 1878, the university enrolls more than 2,800 students from approximately 48 states and 17 foreign countries who seek degrees ranging from associate through doctoral degrees. The main campus of the Georgia-based institution includes the Brenau Women's College. Brenau also offers another location in Norcross, Georgia.

Gainesville, Georgia
Gainesville is a city in and the county seat of Hall County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 42,296. Because of its large number of poultry processing plants, it has been called the "Poultry Capital of the World." Gainesville is the principal city of the Gainesville, Georgia metropolitan area.
Oh My Kadavule
Oh My Kadavule (transl. Oh My God) is a 2020 Indian Tamil language romantic fantasy comedy film written and directed by Ashwath Marimuthu in his directorial debut. The film stars Ashok Selvan, Ritika Singh and Vani Bhojan as the leads while Shah Ra and M. S. Bhaskar play supporting roles. Vijay Sethupathi and Ramesh Thilak make extended cameo appearances. The film had its theatrical release on 14 February 2020, Valentine's Day. Oh My Kadavule was selected for official screening at International Indian Film Festival in Toronto, held in August 2020. Critics lauded the movie for its performances (mainly of Sethupathi, Singh, and Selvan), story, and humor. It was remade in Kannada as Lucky Man (2022) and in Telugu as Ori Devuda (2022).

Lucky Man (2022 film)
Lucky Man is a 2022 Indian Kannada-language romantic comedy film directed by S Nagendra Prasad in his directorial debut. The film stars Puneeth Rajkumar in an extended cameo, Darling Krishna, Sangeetha Sringeri, Sadhu Kokila, Roshni Prakash, Nagabhushana and Prabhu Deva. Produced under the banner of Parsa Pictures, it is a remake of the 2020 Tamil film Oh My Kadavule.

Lucky Man marks the second last film appearance of Puneeth Rajkumar, in an extended cameo. It received mixed to positive reviews and became the tenth highest grossing Kannada film of the year.
Martin Hellinger
Martin Karl Hellinger (17 July 1904 – 13 August 1988) was a German Nazi dentist who in 1943 was assigned to work at the concentration camp for women at Ravensbrück, with the duty of removing dental gold from those killed at the camp.

At the first Ravensbrück trial, beginning in 1946, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison. He was released from prison on 19 November 1954 and given funds by the West German government to re-establish a dental practice. Details of his later life are unknown.

Nazi dental gold
The collection of gold dental fillings, dental caps and dentures extracted from the mouths of the victims of Aktion T4 and the Nazi concentration camps was a feature of the Holocaust. The practice originated with a 1940 order from Heinrich Himmler, and reinforced by a second order in 1942. The collection was done with the active and voluntary cooperation of German dentists. Dentists involved in the collection of gold included Martin Hellinger.

Collected gold was then melted down into gold bars. The disposition of the gold was an issue following the war's end.
Web browser
A web browser, often abbreviated as browser, is an application for accessing websites. When a user requests a web page from a particular website, the browser retrieves its files from a web server and then displays the page on the user's screen. Browsers can also display content stored locally on the user's device.

Browsers are used on a range of devices, including desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones, smartwatches, smart televisions and consoles. As of 2024, the most used browsers worldwide are Google Chrome (~66% market share), Safari (~16%), Edge (~6%), Firefox (~3%), Samsung Internet (~2%), and Opera (~2%). As of 2023, an estimated 5.4 billion people had used a browser.

Web page
A web page, or webpage, is a Web document that is accessed in a web browser. A website typically consists of many web pages linked together under a common domain name. The term "web page" is therefore a metaphor of paper pages bound together into a book.
Craig Venter
John Craig Venter (born October 14, 1946) is an American scientist. He is known for leading one of the first draft sequences of the human genome and led the first team to transfect a cell with a synthetic chromosome. Venter founded Celera Genomics, the Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) and the J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI). He was the co-founder of Human Longevity Inc. and Synthetic Genomics. He was listed on Time magazine's 2007 and 2008 Time 100 list of the most influential people in the world. In 2010, the British magazine New Statesman listed Craig Venter at 14th in the list of "The World's 50 Most Influential Figures 2010". In 2012, Venter was honored with the Dan David Prize for his contribution to genome research. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2013. He is a member of the USA Science and Engineering Festival's advisory board.

Celera Corporation
Celera Corporation is a subsidiary of Quest Diagnostics which focuses on genetic sequencing and related technologies. It was founded in 1998 as a business unit of Applera, spun off into an independent company in 2008, and finally acquired by Quest Diagnostics in 2011.
Pacific Exchange
The Pacific Exchange was an American regional stock exchange in California, from 1956 to 2006. Its main exchange floor and building were in San Francisco, California, with a branch building in Los Angeles, California.

In 1882, the San Francisco Stock and Bond Exchange was founded; and in 1899 the Los Angeles Oil Exchange was founded. In 1956, these two exchanges merged to create the Pacific Coast Stock Exchange, with trading floors maintained in both cities.

In 1973, it was renamed the Pacific Stock Exchange. The Pacific Exchange was bought by Archipelago Holdings in 2005, which merged with the New York Stock Exchange in 2006. Pacific Exchange equities and options trading now take place exclusively through the NYSE Arca platform.

San Francisco Stock and Bond Exchange
The San Francisco Stock and Bond Exchange was a regional stock exchange based in San Francisco, California, United States. Founded in 1882, in 1928 the exchange purchased and began using the name San Francisco Stock Exchange, while the old San Francisco Stock Exchange was renamed the San Francisco Mining Exchange. The San Francisco Curb Exchange was absorbed by the San Francisco Stock Exchange in 1938. In 1956 the San Francisco Stock Exchange merged with the Los Angeles Oil Exchange to create the Pacific Coast Stock Exchange.
Vincent Ado Tenebe
Vincent Ado Tenebe  (born 17 August 1958) is a Nigerian agronomist. He is the former vice chancellor of Taraba State University, Jalingo, and also the former vice chancellor of National Open University of Nigeria.

National Open University of Nigeria
The National Open University of Nigeria is a public university in Abuja, Nigeria.

National Open University of Nigeria carries out research in several scientific areas. The university main  campus is located at FCT - Abuja , it is also the first of its kind in the West African sub-region
Charales
Charales is an order of freshwater green algae in the division Charophyta, class Charophyceae, commonly known as stoneworts. Depending on the treatment of the genus Nitellopsis, living (extant) species are placed into either one family (Characeae) or two (Characeae and Feistiellaceae). Further families are used for fossil members of the order. Linnaeus established the genus Chara in 1753.

Charophyceae
Charophyceae is a class of charophyte green algae. AlgaeBase places it in division Charophyta. Extant (living) species are placed in a single order Charales, commonly known as "stoneworts" and "brittleworts". Fossil members of the class may be placed in separate orders, e.g. Sycidiales and Trochiliscales.

Charophyceae is basal in the Phragmoplastophyta clade which contains the embryophytes (land plants). In 2018, the first nuclear genome sequence from a species belonging to the Charophyceae was published: that of Chara braunii.
Terebovlia urban hromada
Terebovlia urban territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Теребовлянська територіальна громада, romanized: Terebovlianska miska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada in Ukraine, in Ternopil Raion of Ternopil Oblast. The administrative center is the city of Terebovlia. Its population is 30,293 (2022 estimate) Founded on 29 July 2015.

Terebovlia
Terebovlia (Ukrainian: Теребовля, IPA: [tereˈbɔu̯lʲɐ] ⓘ; Polish: Trembowla; Yiddish: טרעבעוולע, romanized: Trebevle) is a small city in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Terebovlia hosts the administration of Terebovlia urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 13,226 (2022 estimate); 13,661 (2001).