hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karuk
The Karuk people (Karok: káruk va'áraaras) are an indigenous people of California, and the Karuk Tribe is one of the largest tribes in California. Karuks are also enrolled in two other federally recognized tribes, the Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria and the Quartz Valley Indian Community.

Happy Camp, California, is located in the heart of the Karuk Tribe's ancestral territory, which extends along the Klamath River from Bluff Creek (near the community of Orleans in Humboldt County) through Siskiyou County and into Southern Oregon.

Karuk language
Karuk or Karok (Karok: Araráhih or Ararahih'uripih) is the traditional language of the Karuk people in the region surrounding the Klamath River, in Northwestern California. The name 'Karuk' is derived from the Karuk word káruk, meaning "upriver".: 397

Karuk is classified as severely endangered by UNESCO with only around 12 fluent native speakers of the language left. Most members of the Karuk nation now use English in their everyday lives. Since 1949, there have been efforts to revitalize the language and increase the number of speakers led by linguists such as Dr. William Bright and Susan Gehr, as well as members of the Karuk community.
AG Weser
Aktien-Gesellschaft "Weser" (abbreviated A.G. "Weser") was one of the major  German shipbuilding companies, located at the Weser River in Bremen. Founded in 1872 it was finally closed in 1983. All together, A.G. „Weser" built about 1,400 ships of different types, including many warships. A.G. „Weser" was the leading company in the Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau AG, a cooperation of eight German shipbuilding companies between 1926 and 1945.

Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau
Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft (abbreviated Deschimag) was a cooperation of eight German shipyards in the period 1926 to 1945. The leading company was the shipyard AG Weser in Bremen.
Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate
Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3), abbreviated PIP3, is the product of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases' (PI 3-kinases) phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2). It is a phospholipid that resides on the plasma membrane.

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate or PtdIns(4,5)P2, also known simply as PIP2 or PI(4,5)P2, is a minor phospholipid component of cell membranes. PtdIns(4,5)P2 is enriched at the plasma membrane where it is a substrate for a number of important signaling proteins. PIP2 also forms lipid clusters that sort proteins.

PIP2 is formed primarily by the type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinases from PI(4)P. In metazoans, PIP2 can also be formed by type II phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases from PI(5)P.

The fatty acids of PIP2 are variable in different species and tissues, but the most common fatty acids are stearic in position 1 and arachidonic in 2.
Raúl Villarreal
Raúl Vicente Villarreal (born October 29, 1909, date of death unknown) was an Argentine boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

In 1936 he won the bronze medal in the middleweight class after winning the third-place fight against Henryk Chmielewski of Poland.

Henryk Chmielewski (boxer)
Henryk Chmielewski (8 January 1914 – 15 November 1998) was a Polish boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was born in Łódź, Poland.

In 1936 he finished fourth in the middleweight class. After his loss in the semifinal bout against Henry Tiller he was not able to fight in the bronze medal bout against Raúl Villarreal.

He won gold medal in the European Amateur Boxing Championships, at Milan 1937.

In 1938, he emigrated to the United States, where he became a professional boxer (Henry Chemel).  He died in Hollywood, Florida.

He was the winner of the Aleksander Reksza Boxing Award 1987.
William Drenttel
William Drenttel (October 14, 1953 – December 21, 2013) was an author, publisher, graphic designer, educator, entrepreneur and executive. He was known as the co-founder and editorial director of Design Observer, one of the most influential online publications covering design, social innovation, urbanism and visual culture. Together with his wife Jessica Helfand, he taught at Yale University, and ran design studio Winterhouse, publishing house Winterhouse Editions, and design education non-profit Winterhouse Institute. In 2013, he was recognized with the AIGA Medal, one of the highest honors in the design profession.

Jessica Helfand
Jessica Helfand (born 1960 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an artist, writer, and designer. A founding editor of the Design Observer, she is the author of numerous books on visual and cultural criticism.
Sigrdrífumál
Sigrdrífumál (also known as Brynhildarljóð) is the conventional title given to a section of the Poetic Edda text in Codex Regius.

It follows Fáfnismál without interruption, and it relates the meeting of Sigurðr with the valkyrie Brynhildr, here identified as Sigrdrífa ("driver to victory").
Its content consists mostly of verses concerned with runic magic and general wisdom literature, presented as advice given by Sigrdrífa to Sigurd.
The metre is differing throughout the poem. Most staves are wrote in ljóðaháttr, but there are also some in fornyrðislag and a few in galdralag.

The end is in the lost part of the manuscript but it has been substituted from younger paper manuscripts. The Völsunga saga describes the scene and contains some of the poem.

Fáfnismál
Fáfnismál (Fáfnir's sayings) is an Eddic poem, found in the Codex Regius manuscript. The poem is unnamed in the manuscript, where it follows Reginsmál and precedes Sigrdrífumál, but modern scholars regard it as a separate poem and have assigned it a name for convenience.

The poem forms a more coherent whole than Reginsmál. Most of it is composed in ljóðaháttr, though nine stanzas deviate from the form. The first part of the poem is a dialogue between Sigurd and Fáfnir. The poem moves on to Sigurd's slaying of Fáfnir, dealings with Reginn and claiming of the gold hoard.
Nitrogen trichloride
Nitrogen trichloride, also known as trichloramine, is the chemical compound with the formula NCl3. This yellow, oily, and explosive liquid is most commonly encountered as a product of chemical reactions between ammonia-derivatives and chlorine (for example, in swimming pools). Alongside monochloramine and dichloramine, trichloramine is responsible for the distinctive 'chlorine smell' associated with swimming pools, where the compound is readily formed as a product from hypochlorous acid reacting with ammonia and other nitrogenous substances in the water, such as urea from urine.

Dichloramine
Dichloramine (IUPAC name: Azonous dichloride) is a reactive inorganic compound with the chemical formula NHCl2. It is one of the three chloramines of ammonia, the others being monochloramine (NH2Cl) and nitrogen trichloride (NCl3). This yellow gas is unstable and reacts with many materials. It is formed by a reaction between ammonia and chlorine or sodium hypochlorite. It is a byproduct formed during the synthesis of monochloramine and nitrogen trichloride.
Eureka Stockade Memorial Park
The Eureka Stockade Memorial Park (also known as the Eureka Stockade Reserve) is believed to encompass the site of the Battle of the Eureka Stockade that was fought in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, on 3 December 1854. Records of "Eureka Day" ceremonies at the site of the battle go back to 1855. In addition to the Eureka Stockade Monument, there are other points of interest in the reserve, including the Eureka Stockade Gardens and an interpretative centre. There was formerly a swimming pool and other structures. There has been a nearby caravan park since the 1950s. The present Eureka Stockade Memorial Park Committee has undergone several name changes since 1922.

The exact dimensions and location of the Eureka Stockade are a matter of debate among scholars.

Eureka Stockade Monument
The Eureka Stockade Monument is situated at the presumed site of the Battle of the Eureka Stockade. It is located on the Eureka Stockade Memorial Park in Ballarat, Victoria. A public meeting was held on 16 April 1884 to discuss the construction of a permanent monument in honour of the event. A. T. Morrison was the founding honorary secretary and treasurer. It was reported on 31 May that 200 pounds had been raised and four 64-pounder cannons were supplied by the defence minister, Sir Fredrick Sargood.
One More Shot (2024 film)
One More Shot (also known as One Shot 2) is a 2024 action thriller film. It is a direct sequel to One Shot (2021), and is followed by One Last Shot (2026). The film was directed by James Nunn and starring Scott Adkins, Michael Jai White, Alexis Knapp, and Tom Berenger. Like the original, it is edited to appear as if shot in a single, continuous take.

One Shot (2021 film)
One Shot is a 2021 British-American action thriller film directed by James Nunn and starring Scott Adkins, Ashley Greene Khoury and Ryan Phillippe. The film follows a Navy SEAL squad conducting a transport mission of a prisoner while dealing with insurgents who are after the same prisoner. It is notable for having been edited to appear as if shot in a single, continuous take. One Shot was released by Screen Media Films in theaters and on VOD on November 5, 2021. It garnered mixed reviews from critics.
Ernie Zampese
Ernest Eugene Zampese (March 12, 1936 – August 29, 2022) was an American professional football coach in the National Football League (NFL). Playing for Santa Barbara High School, he was selected as the CIF Player of the Year in 1953 and went on to play at the halfback position for the USC Trojans in 1955 and 1956. Between 1962 and 1975, he was a college football coach at Allan Hancock Junior College (1962–1965), Cal Poly San Luis Obispo (1966), and San Diego State University (1967–1975).

Between 1976 and 1999, Zampese served as an assistant coach and offensive coordinator for various National Football League teams. He gained his greatest acclaim as the assistant head coach and offensive coordinator of the San Diego Chargers under head coach Don Coryell. He was the father of NFL coach Ken Zampese.

Ken Zampese
Kenneth Zampese (born July 19, 1967) is an American football coach who currently serves as a senior offensive assistant for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). Zampese began his coaching career at the University of San Diego, his alma mater, and has held a variety of college and NFL coaching positions. He is the son of former NFL coach Ernie Zampese.
Min Buri district
Min Buri (Thai: มีนบุรี, pronounced [mīːn būrīː]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. It is bounded by other Bangkok districts (from north clockwise): Khlong Sam Wa, Nong Chok, Lat Krabang, Saphan Sung, and Khan Na Yao. Min Buri is the fifth largest district in Bangkok.

Nong Chok district
Nong Chok (Thai: หนองจอก, pronounced [nɔ̌ːŋ t͡ɕɔ̀ːk]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. It is bounded by other districts (from north clockwise): Amphoe Lam Luk Ka of Pathum Thani province, Amphoe Bang Nam Priao and Amphoe Mueang Chachoengsao of Chachoengsao province, Lat Krabang, Min Buri and Khlong Sam Wa of Bangkok. It is the biggest, easternmost and the most sparsely populated district of Bangkok.
1999–2000 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup
The 1999/00 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup was the 9th in a row (7th official) Continental Cup winter season in ski jumping for men. Europa Cup was a predecessor of Continental Cup.

Other competitive circuits this season included the World Cup and Grand Prix.

1999 FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix
The 1999 FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix was the 6th Summer Grand Prix season in ski jumping on plastic. Season began on 6 August 1999 in Hinterzarten, Germany and ended on 15 September 1999 in Sapporo.

Other competitive circuits this season included the World Cup and Continental Cup.
Fanling Highway
Fanling Highway (Chinese: 粉嶺公路) is a part of Route 9 in Hong Kong. It connects the new town of Tai Po and San Tin Highway, passing through Sheung Shui and Fanling on its way. The three lane expressway was constructed between 1983 and 1987.

Route 9 (Hong Kong)
Route 9 (Chinese: 九號幹綫), Hong Kong is one of the strategic trunk roads, mostly in the form of a motorway, circumnavigating the New Territories. The route is also known as the New Territories Circular Road (新界環迴公路). Starting from the Shing Mun Tunnels, Route 9 links (moving in an anti-clockwise direction) Sha Tin, Tai Po, Fanling, Sheung Shui, Yuen Long, Tuen Mun and Tsuen Wan. The section between Exit 10 in Kwu Tung and Exit 16 in Lam Tei is part of  Asian Highway 1, although the Asian Highway Network is not signed in Hong Kong.
Bruchwegstadion
The Bruchwegstadion is a multi-purpose stadium in Mainz, Germany.  It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium is able to hold 18,700 people and was built in 1929. It was the home stadium of Bundesliga club Mainz 05 before being replaced by Mewa Arena in 2011, known then as "Coface Arena." It is currently used for youth football matches of Mainz 05. The stadium became the home turf for the 1. FSV Mainz 05 (women) ahead of the 2024–25 season.

1. FSV Mainz 05
1. Fußball- und Sport-Verein Mainz 05 e. V., usually shortened to 1. FSV Mainz 05 or simply Mainz 05 (German pronunciation: [ˌmaɪnts nʊl ˈfʏnf] ⓘ), is a German professional sports club, founded in 1905 and based in Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate. Mainz 05 play in the Bundesliga, the top tier of the German football league system, having most recently been promoted ahead of the 2009–10 season. The club's main local rivals are Eintracht Frankfurt and Kaiserslautern. In addition to the football division, Mainz 05 have handball and table tennis departments.
Aga Khan IV
Prince Shah Karim al-Hussaini (13 December 1936 – 4 February 2025), known simply as Aga Khan IV, was the 49th Imam of Nizari Isma'ili Shia Islam from 1957 until his death in 2025. He inherited the Nizari imamate and the title of Aga Khan at the age of 20 upon the death of his grandfather, the Aga Khan III. During his Imamate, he was also known by the religious title Mawlānā Hazar Imam by his Isma'ili followers.

Al-Husseini's net worth was estimated at over US$13.3 billion by Vanity Fair in 2013. Forbes included al-Husseini in its list of the world's fifteen richest royals, though he held no political sovereignty or territorial authority. The designation referred to his hereditary role as Imam of the Nizari Ismailis, not to any formal royal or monarchical status. He was the founder and chairman of the Aga Khan Development Network, one of the largest private development networks in the world.

Aga Khan Development Network
The Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) is a network of private, non-denominational development agencies founded by the Aga Khan, with the primary focus of improving the quality of life in different regions of Asia and Africa.

The network focuses on health, education, culture, rural development, institution building, and economic development. AKDN's mission includes improving living conditions and opportunities for the poor without regard to faith, origin, or gender. While the agencies are secular, they follow Islamic values.
Jackson County Sheriff's Office (Mississippi)
The Jackson County Sheriff's Office is a law enforcement agency located in Jackson County, Mississippi, which is responsible of providing law enforcement services to areas of the county that are unincorporated communities which do not have their own local police force.  With over 200 officers, it is the largest law enforcement agency in Jackson County.

The current sheriff for the Jackson County Sheriff's Office is John Ledbetter.

The county's largest city in population is Pascagoula, Mississippi.

Jackson County, Mississippi
Jackson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 143,252, making it the fifth-most populous county in Mississippi. Its county seat is Pascagoula. The county was named for Andrew Jackson, general in the United States Army and afterward President of the United States. Jackson County is included in the Pascagoula, MS Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located at the southeastern tip of the state. The county has sandy soil and is in the Piney Woods area. It borders the state of Alabama on its east side. The county was severely damaged by both Hurricane Camille in August 1969 and Hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005, which caused catastrophic effects.

The county bears no relation with the state capital of Jackson, which is one of the two county seats of Hinds County, along with the city of Raymond.
115th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 115th Infantry Regiment, Maryland Army National Guard was an infantry regiment of the United States Army. It traced its roots back to the American Revolutionary War, although its official U.S. Army lineage begins in 1881. The units to which the 115th Regiment claims lineage served in the Revolutionary War and the Civil War, but the 115th itself was only credited with service in World War I, World War II, and the global war on terror. Prior to the reorganization into the 58th Brigade Combat Team, the 1–115th was part of the Third Brigade, 29th Infantry Division (Light). In 2006, the 115th was consolidated (merged) with the 175th Infantry Regiment. As a result of this consolidation, it no longer exists as a separate regiment.

175th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 175th Infantry Regiment ("Fifth Maryland") is an infantry regiment of the Maryland Army National Guard. It is one of several National Guard units with colonial roots and campaign credit for the War of 1812.
Speaker of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly
The Speaker of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Yang di-Pertua Dewan Undangan Negeri Selangor; Chinese: 雪兰莪州立法议会议长; Tamil: சிலாங்கூர் மாநில சட்டப் பேரவையின் சபாநாயகர்) is the presiding officer in the Selangor State Legislative Assembly, the unicameral legislature of the Malaysian state of Selangor. They are responsible for convening sessions of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly, organising debates, and examining the admissibility of petitions, bills, and amendments. In the absence of the Speaker, the deputy will take their place.

The speaker is selected through ballot in the first session of a new legislative assembly.

The incumbent Speaker is Lau Weng San. He was elected on 19 September 2023 for the 15th Selangor State Legislative Assembly. The inaugural Speaker is Abdullah Hassan who served from 8 July 1959 to 17 November 1962.

Selangor State Legislative Assembly
The Selangor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Selangor) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Selangor. The State Assembly is composed of 56 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, and by Malaysian political convention, are conducted simultaneously with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies (except Sabah and Sarawak).

It convenes at the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Building in the capital Shah Alam. Since 2008, Assembly proceedings have been broadcast live on the internet.
Gabriela Silang
María Josefa Gabriela Cariño de Silang (Tagalog: [siˈlaŋ]; March 19, 1731 – September 20, 1763) was a Filipino military leader best known for her role as the female leader of the Ilocano independence movement from Spain. She took over from her second husband Diego Silang after his assassination in 1763, leading her people for four months before she was captured and executed by the colonial government of the Captaincy General of the Philippines.

Diego Silang
Diego Silang y Andaya (Spanish: [ˈdjeɣo si.ˈlaŋg]; December 16, 1730 – May 28, 1763)  was a Filipino revolutionary leader who allied with British forces to overthrow Spanish rule in the northern Philippines and establish an independent Ilocano state. His revolt was fueled by grievances stemming from Spanish taxation and abuses, and by his belief in self-government, that the administration and leadership of the Roman Catholic Church and government in the Ilocos be invested in trained Ilocano officials. His wife, the Itneg Gabriela Cariño, took on leadership of his revolt after his assassination.
Legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom
The Legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom (Hawaiian: ʻAhaʻōlelo o ke Aupuni o Hawaiʻi) was the bicameral (later unicameral) legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom. A royal legislature was first provided by the 1840 Constitution and the 1852 Constitution was the first to use the term Legislature of the Hawaiian Islands, and the first to subject the monarch to certain democratic principles. Prior to this the monarchs ruled under a Council of Chiefs (ʻAha Aliʻi).

1852 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom
The 1852 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom, written in both English and Hawaiian, was constructed by King Kamehameha III. The purpose of its construction was to not only revise, but add to the 1840 Constitution in great length. The new constitution created a more democratic government much like those of the United States and Europe.
Mexico, New York
Mexico is a town in the northeastern section of Oswego County, New York, United States. The population was  5,257 at the 2020 census. The town contains a village also named Mexico.

Mexico has been referred to as the "Mother of Towns", as the original town as enacted by separate acts of 1792 and 1796 comprised an area that would eventually form six separate counties (Onondaga, Cortland, Oneida, Lewis, Jefferson, and Oswego). These six counties today contain a total of 84 separate towns that were once included in the original Town of Mexico.

NY 69 comes to an end in the village of Mexico, where it intersects with NY 104 (Main Street). U.S. Route 11 also passes through the town.

Oswego County, New York
Oswego County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 117,525. The county seat is Oswego. The county name is from a Mohawk-language word meaning 'the pouring out place', referring to the point at which the Oswego River feeds into Lake Ontario at the northern edge of the county in the city of Oswego. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Oswego County is part of the Syracuse metropolitan area.
Leo V the Armenian
Leo V the Armenian (Greek: Λέων ὁ Ἀρμένιος, Léōn ho Arménios; c. 775 – 25 December 820) was the Byzantine emperor from 813 to 820. He is chiefly remembered for ending the decade-long war with the Bulgars, as well as initiating the second period of Byzantine iconoclasm.

A senior general of Armenian origin, Leo distinguished himself under Nikephoros I and Michael I Rhangabe, eventually becoming the stratēgos of the Anatolic Theme. Taking advantage of Michael's defeat at the Battle of Versinikia, he forced the emperor to abdicate in his favour. He was able to withhold the blockade of Constantinople by Krum of Bulgaria and, after Krum's death, concluded a 30-year peace with his successor Omurtag.

In 815, Leo deposed Patriarch Nikephoros and reinstituted iconoclasm. He was assassinated by supporters of Michael the Amorian, one of his most trusted generals, who succeeded him on the throne in 820.

Nikephoros I
Nikephoros I (Greek: Νικηφόρος, romanized: Nikēphóros; 750 – 26 July 811), also known as Nicephorus I, was Byzantine emperor from 802 to 811. He was General Logothete (finance minister) under Empress Irene, but later overthrew her to seize the throne for himself. Prior to becoming emperor, he was sometimes referred to as "the Logothete" (Greek: ὁ Λογοθέτης) and "Genikos" or "Genicus" (Greek: ὁ Γενικός), in recognition of his previous role as General Logothete.

During his reign, Nikephoros engaged in military campaigns against both the Arabs and the Bulgarians, although the outcomes were varied. While leading an invasion into Bulgaria, he suffered a defeat and was killed at the Battle of Pliska.