hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pradip Krishen
Pradip Krishen (born 1949) is an Indian filmmaker, naturalist and environmentalist. He directed three films, Massey Sahib in 1985, In Which Annie Gives It Those Ones in 1989 and Electric Moon for Channel 4, UK in 1991. His films have won significant Indian and international awards. In Which Annie Gives It Those Ones acquired cult status in the years after it was made.

In 1985, he married Arundhati Roy who also acted in his films.
He subsequently gave up filmmaking, and since 1995, has worked as a naturalist and environmentalist.

Arundhati Roy
Suzanna Arundhati Roy (Bengali pronunciation: [orundʱoti rae̯]; born 24 November 1961) is an Indian author best known for her novel The God of Small Things (1997), which won the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1997 and became the biggest-selling book by a non-expatriate Indian author. She is also a political activist involved in human rights and environmental causes. She was the winner of the 2024 PEN Pinter Prize, given by English PEN, and she named imprisoned British-Egyptian writer and activist Alaa Abd El-Fattah as the "Writer of Courage" with whom she chose to share the award.
Matarranya (river)
The Matarranya (Spanish: Río Matarraña, Catalan: Riu Matarranya) is a river in the provinces of Teruel and Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. It begins its course at 1,200 m northeast of the Tossal d'Encanader, Ports de Beseit. limestone massif near La Pobla de Benifassà.

The Matarranya flows roughly from south to north into the Ebro (Ebre), 4 km east of Faió (Fayón). This river gives its name to the Matarranya Catalan language-speaking comarca of Aragon.

Matarraña
Matarraña (Spanish: [mataˈraɲa]) or Matarranya (Catalan: [mataˈraɲa]) is a comarca in eastern Aragon, bordering the Spanish Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and Valencia. It is located in Teruel Province, in the mountainous Sistema Ibérico area.

Its capital is Valderrobres, and it borders the Aragonese comarques of Bajo Aragón-Caspe/Baix Aragó-Casp, and Bajo Aragón, the Catalan comarques of Terra Alta, Baix Ebre, and Montsià, and the Valencian comarques of Baix Maestrat and Ports.

This comarca is named after the Matarranya River flowing through it. It belongs to the Catalan-speaking strip in eastern Aragon known as La Franja.
Muhammad Ahmad Hussein
Muhammad Ahmad Hussein (Arabic: محمد أحمد حسين; born 1966) is the incumbent Grand Mufti of Jerusalem. He was appointed in July 2006 by Mahmoud Abbas, the President of the Palestinian National Authority.

Abbas raised Hussein as an immediate successor to Ekrima Sa'id Sabri, who was reportedly removed from the position due to his growing popularity amidst his open expressions of highly contentious political views and his condoning of violence in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

Grand Mufti of Jerusalem
The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem (Arabic: المفتي العام للقدس) is the Sunni Muslim cleric in charge of Jerusalem's Islamic holy places, including Al-Aqsa. The position was created by the British military government led by Ronald Storrs in 1918. Since 2006, the position has been held by Muhammad Ahmad Hussein, appointed by the Palestinian president, Mahmoud Abbas.
Peter Lacy
Peter Graf von Lacy (26 September 1678 – 30 April 1751) was an Irish-born soldier who later served in the Imperial Russian Army.

Considered one of the most successful Russian commanders before Rumyantsev and Suvorov, in a military career that spanned half a century he claimed to have participated in 31 campaigns, 18 battles, and 18 sieges. He died on his private estate in Riga, where he served as governor for many years. His remains were buried in the crypt of the Catholic church in Skaistkalne, in southern Latvia.

One of his sons was Count Franz Moritz von Lacy, who went on to serve in the Imperial Habsburg Army, while his nephew George Browne (1698–1792) was also a general in the Russian army.

Burkhard Christoph von Münnich
Burkhard Christoph Graf von Münnich (Russian: Христофо́р Анто́нович Миних, romanized: Khristofor Antonovich Minikh; 19 May [O.S. 9 May] 1683 – 27 October [O.S. 16 October] 1767) was a German-born army officer who became a field marshal and political figure in the Russian Empire.

He carried out major reforms in the Russian Army and founded several elite military formations during the reign of Empress Anna of Russia (r. 1730–1740). As a statesman, he is widely regarded as the founder of Russian philhellenism. Like his father, Münnich was an  engineer and a specialist in hydrotechnology.
Larim-e Shomali Rural District
Larim-e Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان لاریم شمالی) is in Larim District of Juybar County, Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Pain Zarrin Kola. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Larim.

Larim District
Larim District (Persian: بخش لاریم) is in Juybar County, Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Larim, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 5,300 people in 1,797 households.
Jake Hsu
Jake Hsu (Chinese: 徐鈞浩; pinyin: Xú Jūnhào; Wade–Giles: Hsü Chün-hao; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhî Kun-hō; born December 30, 1990) is a Taiwanese actor.

Hsu is best known for starring in Close Your Eyes Before It's Dark (2016), the fourth installment in the anthology series Qseries, as well as Trapped (2019), the first chapter of the web series HIStory3.

HIStory (web series)
HIStory (pronounced "his story") is a Taiwanese anthology streaming television series created by Chang Ting-fei for Choco TV and Line TV. Each season presents stand-alone stories with different plots and main characters focusing on the theme of boys' love, also known as BL. The first season premiered on February 14, 2017.

The series has accumulated a large international following and is well-received by critics. HIStory is the first Taiwanese web drama to air on Japanese television, with the first season premiering on Japan's Nippon TV on July 31, 2017. On July 2, 2018, the series had its primetime television debut in Taiwan through CTS, airing the first two seasons back-to-back throughout the month. Its film sequel, Crossover (跨界) was announced on August 17, 2018, but was cancelled due to adjustment of content strategy due to the COVID-19 pandemic, subsequently announcing the fourth season being under works. Season five premiered on December 28, 2022.
Fort Blockhouse
Fort Blockhouse is a former military establishment in Gosport, Hampshire, England, and the final version of a complicated site. At its greatest extent in the 19th century, the structure was part of a set of fortifications which encircled much of Gosport. It is surrounded on three sides by water and provides the best view of the entrance to Portsmouth Harbour. As HMS Dolphin, the fort was for most of the 20th century the home of the Royal Navy Submarine Service. It is unique in that it was built over five centuries from its original construction as a blockhouse in 1431 to the final addition of submarine base structures in the mid-1960s.

Coastal fortification was abolished nationally in 1956 and the submarines left in the 1990s.

HMS Dolphin (shore establishment)
The seventeenth Royal Navy vessel to be named HMS Dolphin was the Royal Naval shore establishment sited at Fort Blockhouse in Gosport. Dolphin was the home of the Royal Navy Submarine Service from 1904 to 1999, and location of the Royal Navy Submarine School.
Thomas Brooke, 8th Baron Cobham
Thomas Brooke, 8th Baron Cobham (died 19 July 1529), lord of the Manor of Cobham, Kent, was an English peer.

Thomas Brooke was the son and heir of Sir John Brooke, 7th Baron Cobham (d. 1512) and Margaret Neville (d. 1506), daughter of Edward Neville, 3rd Baron Bergavenny, and his second wife, Katherine Howard.

George Brooke, 9th Baron Cobham
George Brooke, 9th Baron Cobham (c. 1497 – 29 September 1558) lord of the Manor of Cobham, Kent and of Cooling Castle, Kent, was an English peer, soldier and magnate, who participated in the political turmoil following the death of King Henry VIII.
United States Reports
The United States Reports (ISSN 0891-6845) are the official record (law reports) of the Supreme Court of the United States. They include rulings, orders, case tables (list of every case decided), in alphabetical order both by the name of the petitioner (the losing party in lower courts) and by the name of the respondent (the prevailing party below), and other proceedings. United States Reports, once printed and bound, are the final version of court opinions and cannot be changed.

Opinions of the court in each case are prepended with a headnote prepared by the reporter of decisions, and any concurring or dissenting opinions are published sequentially. The Court's Publication Office oversees the binding and publication of the volumes of United States Reports, although the actual printing, binding, and publication are performed by private firms under contract with the United States Government Publishing Office.

Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States
The reporter of decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States is the official charged with editing and publishing the opinions of the Supreme Court of the United States, both when announced and when they are published in permanent bound volumes of the United States Reports. The reporter is responsible for only the contents of the United States Reports issued by the Government Publishing Office, first in preliminary prints and later in the final bound volumes. The reporter is not responsible for the editorial content of unofficial reports of the court's decisions, such as the privately published Supreme Court Reporter and Lawyers' Edition.

By federal statute, the reporter is appointed by the Supreme Court. The current reporter is Rebecca Anne Womeldorf.
Thalamocortical radiations
In neuroanatomy, thalamocortical radiations, also known as thalamocortical fibers, are the efferent fibers that project from the thalamus to distinct areas of the cerebral cortex. They form fiber bundles that emerge from the lateral surface of the thalamus.

Thalamus
The thalamus (pl.: thalami; from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is a large mass of gray matter on the lateral wall of the third ventricle forming the dorsal part of the diencephalon (a division of the forebrain). Nerve fibers project out of the thalamus to the cerebral cortex in all directions, known as the thalamocortical radiations, allowing hub-like exchanges of information. It has several functions, such as the relaying of sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.

Anatomically, the thalami are paramedian symmetrical structures (left and right), within the vertebrate brain, situated between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. It forms during embryonic development as the main product of the diencephalon, as first recognized by the Swiss embryologist and anatomist Wilhelm His Sr. in 1893.
Franz Klammer
Franz Klammer (born 3 December 1953) is a former champion alpine ski racer from Austria. He dominated the downhill event for four consecutive World Cup seasons (1975–78). He was the gold medalist at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, winning the downhill at Patscherkofel by a margin of 0.33 seconds with a time of 1:45.73 against Bernhard Russi of Switzerland. Klammer won 25 World Cup downhills, including four on the Hahnenkamm at Kitzbühel. He also holds the record for the most victories (four) on the full course at Kitzbühel.

1977–78 FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The 12th World Cup season began in December 1977 and concluded in March 1978.  Ingemar Stenmark of Sweden won his third consecutive overall title.  Hanni Wenzel of Liechtenstein won the women's overall title.

A break in the schedule was for the 1978 World Championships, held in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Bavaria, West Germany, between 29 January and 5 February 1978.

During this season, no combined races were included in the World Cup. Combined was resumed in the following season 1978/79.  A demonstration parallel slalom race was run as the last race of the season, in Arosa, Switzerland on 19 March 1978, but it did not count in the official standings for either men or women.  However, it became the model for a season-ending team parallel slalom race to be run as a part of the season-ending events.
Palm Springs Art Museum
The Palm Springs Art Museum (formerly the Palm Springs Desert Museum) is a visual and performing arts institution with several locations in the Coachella Valley, in Riverside County, California, United States, founded in 1938. PSAM has been focused on design and contemporary art since 2004. PSAM houses an art museum and an Architecture and Design Center in Palm Springs, California, along with the Faye Sarkowsky Sculpture Garden at a satellite location in Palm Desert.

E. Stewart Williams
Emerson Stewart Williams, FAIA (November 15, 1909 – September 10, 2005) was a prolific Palm Springs, California-based architect whose distinctive modernist buildings, in the Mid-century modern style, significantly shaped the Coachella Valley's architectural landscape and legacy.
Lumpia
Lumpia (in Indonesian and Filipino) are various types of spring rolls commonly found in Indonesian and Filipino cuisines. Lumpia are made of thin paper-like or crêpe-like pastry skin called "lumpia wrapper" enveloping savory or sweet fillings. It is often served as an appetizer or snack, and might be served deep-fried or fresh (unfried). Lumpia are Indonesian and Filipino adaptations of the Fujianese lūn-piáⁿ (潤餅) and Teochew popiah (薄餅), usually consumed during Qingming Festival.

In Indonesia, lumpia is a favorite snack, and is known as a street hawker food in the country. Lumpia was introduced by Chinese settlers to Indonesia during colonial times possibly in the 19th century.

In the Philippines, lumpia is one of the most common dishes served in gatherings and celebrations.

In the Netherlands and Belgium it is spelled loempia, the old Indonesian spelling, which has also become the generic name for "spring roll" in Dutch.

Indonesian cuisine
Indonesian cuisine is a collection of regional culinary traditions of the various ethnic groups that form the archipelagic nation of Indonesia. There are a wide variety of recipes and cuisines in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 600 ethnic groups.

There are many regional cuisines, often based upon indigenous cultures, with some foreign influences.
Kanefer
Kanefer ( K3=(j).-nfr(.w)  "His Ka is beautiful") is the name of a prince and King Sneferu's son, who took the vizier's office from his older brother Nefermaat. He lived in the late period of the King Sneferu's reign and possibly in early reign phase of his brother Khufu. Later on the office of vizier passed to the Nefermat's son Hemiun. The fourth dynasty was a period when  constructions on the Giza plateau peaked,as well as the development of  activity of craftsmen and  system organisation  of grandiose buildings. Kanefer was buried in mastaba No.28 at the Dahshur necropolis. Information about his personality and position of power drawn from the remains uncovered in the mastaba is in question.

Sneferu
Sneferu or Soris (c. 2600 BC) was an ancient Egyptian monarch and the first pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt, during the earlier half of the Old Kingdom period (26th century BC). He introduced major innovations in the design and construction of pyramids, and at least three of his pyramids survive to this day.

Estimates of his reign vary, with for instance The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt suggesting a reign from around 2613 to 2589 BC, a reign of 24 years, while Rolf Krauss suggests a 30-year reign, and Rainer Stadelmann a 48-year reign.
Whinfell Forest
Whinfell Forest is a small area of woodland in the parish of Brougham, Cumbria, south east of Penrith in Cumbria and just off the A66 road leading to Appleby-in-Westmorland. The forest is a short distance from the Lake District national park and is surrounded by a large number of woodlands west of the Pennines. It is notable today for the presence of Center Parcs and a red squirrel reserve. It was notable historically for its associations with Lady Anne Clifford, Brougham Castle and Inglewood Forest.

Inglewood Forest
Inglewood Forest is  a large tract of mainly arable and dairy farm land with a few small woodland areas between Carlisle and Penrith in the English non-metropolitan county of Cumbria or ancient county of Cumberland.
Fullerton Transportation Center
The Fullerton Transportation Center is a transit center located in Fullerton, California, United States. It is served by Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner and Southwest Chief trains, as well as Metrolink's 91/Perris Valley Line and Orange County Line trains. It is also a major bus depot for the OC Bus system, and is one of the major transportation hubs of Orange County.

Fullerton, California
Fullerton (/ˈfʊlərtən/ FULL-er-tun) is a city in northern Orange County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 143,617.

Fullerton was founded in 1887. It secured the land on behalf of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. Historically it was a center of agriculture, notably groves of Valencia oranges and other citrus crops, as well as petroleum extraction; transportation; and manufacturing. It is home to numerous higher educational institutions, particularly California State University, Fullerton and Fullerton College. From the mid-1940s through the late 1990s, Fullerton was home to a large industrial base made up of aerospace contractors, canneries, paper products manufacturers, and is considered to be the birthplace of the electric guitar, due in large part to Leo Fender. The headquarters of Vons, which is owned by Albertsons, is located in Fullerton near the Fullerton–Anaheim line.
Speech disfluency
A speech disfluency, also spelled speech dysfluency, is any of various breaks, irregularities, or non-lexical vocables which occur within the flow of otherwise fluent speech. These include "false starts", i.e. words and sentences that are cut off mid-utterance; phrases that are restarted or repeated, and repeated syllables; "fillers", i.e. grunts, and non-lexical or semiarticulate utterances such as uh, erm, um, and hmm, and, in English, well, so, I mean, and like; and "repaired" utterances, i.e. instances of speakers correcting their own slips of the tongue or mispronunciations (before anyone else gets a chance to).

Filler (linguistics)
In linguistics, a filler, filled pause, hesitation marker or planner is a sound or word that participants in a conversation use to signal that they are pausing to think but are not finished speaking. These are not to be confused with placeholder names, such as thingamajig. Fillers fall into the category of formulaic language, and different languages have different characteristic filler sounds. The term filler also has a separate use in the syntactic description of wh-movement constructions (see below).
Weller brothers
The Weller brothers, Englishmen of Sydney, Australia, and Otago, New Zealand, were the founders of multiple whaling stations in South Island, most notably on Otago Harbour, and were New Zealand's most substantial merchant traders in the 1830s.

Otago Harbour
Otago Harbour is the natural harbour of Dunedin, New Zealand, consisting of a long, much-indented stretch of generally navigable water separating the Otago Peninsula from the mainland. They join at its southwest end, 21 km (13 mi) from the harbour mouth. It is home to Dunedin's two port facilities, Port Chalmers (half way along the harbour) and at Dunedin's wharf (at the harbour's end). The harbour has been of significant economic importance for approximately 700 years, as a sheltered harbour and fishery, then deep water port.
Llanto De Un Héroe
Llanto De Un Héroe ("Cry Of A Hero") is an album by the power metal band Avalanch, and the first one featuring Víctor García as the lead vocals. The lyrics talk about epic themes, such as Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, Don Pelayo or Tomás de Torquemada the inquisitor, and about Asturian legends like "Cambaral" and ecologist thematic like "Vientos del Sur", dedicated to Jacques-Yves Cousteau.

Avalanch
Avalanch is a Spanish heavy metal band formed in Asturias in 1993.

Led by composer, producer and guitar player Alberto Rionda, the band has released nine studio albums, plus a handful of compilations, DVDs and English versions of their works.
Old Market Square, Nottingham
The Old Market Square (Slab Square) is an open, pedestrianised city square in Nottingham, England, forming the heart of the city, and covering an area of approximately 12,000 square metres (130,000 sq ft), or about 3 acres (1.2 ha). It is one of the largest paved squares in the United Kingdom.

Located in the heart of Nottingham City Centre, the square is bounded by Beastmarket Hill to the West, Long Row to the North, and South Parade to the South. The Eastern end of the square is dominated by the Council House, which served as Nottingham's town hall until 2010, when the administration moved to the newly acquired Loxley House on Station Street.

The nature of the square means it is often used for large local events, fairs, concerts, exhibitions and vigils.

Nottingham Council House
Nottingham Council House is the city hall of Nottingham, England. The 200 feet (61 m) high dome that rises above the city is the centrepiece of the skyline and presides over the Old Market Square, which is also referred to as the "City Centre". It is a Grade II* listed building.
Ramatu Aliu Mahama
Ramatu Mahama (née Egala, 15 October 1951 – 7 April 2022) was a Ghanaian educationist who served as the second lady of Ghana from 2001 to 2009. Mahama was the wife of the 4th vice-president of Ghana, the late Aliu Mahama.

Aliu Mahama
Alhaji Aliu Mahama (3 March 1946 – 16 November 2012) was a Ghanaian engineer and politician who was Vice-President of Ghana from 7 January, 2001 to 7 January, 2009. A member of the New Patriotic Party (NPP), he was Ghana's first Muslim Vice-President.
West Yorkshire Metro
Metro is the passenger information brand used by the West Yorkshire Combined Authority in England. It was formed on 1 April 1974 as the West Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive (WYPTE), at the same time as the metropolitan county of West Yorkshire. The Metro brand has been used from the outset and, since the formal abolition of the WYPTE on 1 April 2014, it has remained the brand name of public transport in the region, overseen by the combined authority which is also responsible for the delivery of transport policies.

On 7 May 2025, it was announced that the Metro brand would be phased out as the system moves to a franchising model. On 12 May 2025, the new branding was unveiled under the name Weaver Network. The name was chosen for the region's shared industrial heritage surrounding the production of textiles and is hoped to emulate the success of the Bee Network, the equivalent transport authority within Greater Manchester.

West Yorkshire Combined Authority
The West Yorkshire Combined Authority (WYCA) is the combined authority for West Yorkshire in England. It was established by statutory instrument under the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009 on 1 April 2014. It is a strategic authority with powers over transport, economic development and regeneration. The head of the regional authority is devolved Mayor Tracy Brabin.