hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Martinez, California
Martinez (Spanish: Martínez) is a city in and the county seat of Contra Costa County, California, United States, in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. Located on the southern shore of the Carquinez Strait, the city's population was 37,287 at the 2020 census. The city is named after Californio ranchero Ygnacio Martínez, having been founded on his Rancho El Pinole. Martinez is known for its historic center and its waterfront.

Carquinez Strait
The Carquinez Strait (/kɑːrˈkiːnəs/; Spanish: Estrecho de Carquinez) is a narrow tidal strait located in the Bay Area of Northern California, United States. It is part of the tidal estuary of the Sacramento and the San Joaquin rivers as they drain into the San Francisco Bay. The strait is eight miles (13 km) long and connects Suisun Bay, which receives the waters of the combined rivers, with San Pablo Bay, a northern extension of the San Francisco Bay.

The strait formed in prehistoric times, near the close of one of the past ice ages, when the Central Valley was a vast inland lake. Melting ice from the Sierra Nevada raised the water level while seismic activity created a new outlet to the Pacific Ocean, draining the lake into the ocean and exposing the valley floors.
James M. Buchanan
James McGill Buchanan Jr. (/bjuːˈkænən/ bew-KAN-ən; October 3, 1919 – January 9, 2013) was an American economist known for his work on public choice theory originally outlined in his most famous work, The Calculus of Consent, co-authored with Gordon Tullock in 1962. He continued to develop the theory, eventually receiving the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1986.

Buchanan's work initiated research on how politicians' and bureaucrats' self-interest, utility maximization, and other non-wealth-maximizing considerations affect their decision-making. He was a member of the Board of Advisors of The Independent Institute as well as of the Institute of Economic Affairs, a member of the Mont Pelerin Society (MPS) and MPS president from 1984 to 1986, a Distinguished Senior Fellow of the Cato Institute, and professor at George Mason University.

The Calculus of Consent
The Calculus of Consent: Logical Foundations of Constitutional Democracy is a book published by economists James M. Buchanan and Gordon Tullock in 1962. It is considered to be one of the classic works from the discipline of public choice in economics and political science. This work presents the basic principles of public choice theory.
Anand Patwardhan
Anand Patwardhan (/ˈɑːnənd pʌtˈwɑːrdən/; born 18 February 1950) is an Indian documentary filmmaker known for his socio-political, human rights-oriented films. Some of his films explore the rise of religious fundamentalism, sectarianism and casteism in India, while others investigate nuclear nationalism and unsustainable development. Notable films include Bombay: Our City (1985), In Memory of Friends (1990), In the Name of God (1992), Father, Son, and Holy War, A Narmada Diary (both 1995), War and Peace (2002), Jai Bhim Comrade (2011), Reason (2018) and The World is Family (2023), which have won national and international awards.

Jai Bhim Comrade
Jai Bhim Comrade is a 2011 Indian documentary film directed by Anand Patwardhan. The film begins with a description of police violence in the 1997 Ramabai killings. It goes on to explore various aspects of the lives and politics of Dalit people in Mumbai. The film took 14 years to produce, and was released in 2011 after the conclusion of the court trials that followed the Ramabai incident. The film was widely shown both nationally and internationally, and received an overwhelmingly positive reaction. It has won numerous national and international awards.
Have Heart Have Money
Have Heart Have Money is the debut album by American rap group The Mossie, released August 26, 1997 on Sick Wid It and Jive Records. It was produced by DJ Xtra Large, K-Lou, Levitti, The Mossie, Rick Rock, Sean T, Studio Ton and Tone Capone and executive produced by B-Legit and E-40. The album peaked at number 35 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers and at number 62 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. It features guest performances by E-40, 187 Fac, Celly Cel, Levitti, B-Legit, and G-Note of Funk Mobb.

Along with a single, a music video was released for the song, "Nobody Can Be You But You", featuring E-40 and cameo appearances by B-Legit, Celly Cel, D-Shot and Suga-T.

The song, "N.S.R.", was originally released on the 1997 Sick Wid It Records compilation, Southwest Riders. Another song, "Show No Shame" was slightly altered and retitled from, "Get a Bar of This Game", when it first appeared on the Sick Wid It Records compilation, The Hogg in Me in 1995.

E-40
Earl Tywone Stevens (born November 15, 1967), better known by his stage name E-40, is an American rapper. Stevens is a founding member of the rap group The Click and the founder of Sick Wid It Records. He has released 27 studio albums to date, appeared on numerous movie soundtracks, and has also done guest appearances on a host of other rap albums. Initially an underground artist, his 1995 solo album In a Major Way opened him up to a wider audience. Beginning in 1998, he began collaborating with mainstream rappers outside the San Francisco Bay Area. He rose to higher mainstream popularity in 2006 with his single "Tell Me When to Go", which was produced by Lil Jon.
Stiff Upper Lip World Tour
The Stiff Upper Lip World Tour was a concert tour by the Australian hard rock band AC/DC in support of their fourteenth studio album, Stiff Upper Lip, which was released in 28 February 2000. This tour had 6 legs around the world lasting 11 months starting on 1 August 2000 in Grand Rapids, Michigan finishing on 8 July 2001 in Cologne, Germany.

Stiff Upper Lip (album)
Stiff Upper Lip is the fourteenth studio album by the Australian hard rock band AC/DC. It was released on 28 February 2000. The album was produced by George Young, older brother of Malcolm and Angus Young. It was the last AC/DC album that George produced before his death in 2017.

The album was re-released in the US in April 2007 as part of the AC/DC Remasters series. It was re-released in the UK in 2005.
Tedim District
Tedim District is a district in Chin State, Myanmar with a population of 117,393 (combining Tedim and Tonzang townships) according to the Myanmar Census 2014, making it the most populous district in Chin State. On 1 May 2022, Tedim District was formed with Tedim and Tonzang townships. Its district seat is Tedim.  The major towns are Tedim, Tonzang, Cikha, and Khaikam.

Tonzang Township
Tonzang Township (Burmese: တွန်းဇံမြို့နယ်) is a township in Tedim District, Chin State of Myanmar. The 3,471.24-square-kilometre Tonzang Township is bordered by Tedim Township in the south, Kale Township of the Sagaing Division in the south-east, Tamu Township of the Sagaing Division in the north-east, the Indian state of Manipur in the north and the Indian state of Mizoram in the west. The township is primarily inhabited by the indigenous Zo and Zomi people.
Seedars
According to Akilattirattu Ammanai, the scripture of the Ayyavazhi religion, Ayya Vaikundar, the Incarnation of Lord Narayana in Kali Yukam, has five Seedar (disciples). They were in the previous Dwapara Yukam as Pandavas who were transmigrated as disciples of Vaikundar in this Yuga.

Akilathirattu Ammanai
Akilathirattu Ammanai (Tamil: அகிலத்திரட்டு அம்மானை; akilam ("world"), thirattu ("collection"), ammanai ("ballad")), also called Thiru Edu ("venerable book"), is the main religious text of the Tamil belief system Ayyavazhi. The title is often abbreviated to Akilam or Akilathirattu.

Akilam includes more than 15,000 verses and is the largest collection of Ammanai literature in Tamil as well as one of the largest works in Tamil constructed by a single author.
HMS Narwhal (1915)
HMS Narwhal was a Admiralty M-class destroyer which served with the Royal Navy during the First World War. The M class were an improvement on the preceding L class, capable of higher speed. Launched on 30 December 1915, the vessel fought in the Battle of Jutland between 31 May and 1 June 1916 and subsequently served in anti-submarine and escort duties based at Cobh in Ireland. During February 1917, the destroyer rescued the crew of the Q-ship Farnborough, which had sunk and been sunk by the German submarine SM U-83, and rescued the armed merchantman Cameronia from SM U-50, The destroyer was transferred to Devonport during 1918 and, after the end of the war, was broken up there in 1920 after suffering a fatal collision the year before.

HMS Farnborough
HMS Farnborough, also known as (Q-5), was a Q-ship of the British Royal Navy that saw service in the First World War. Farnborough was a heavily armed merchant ship with concealed weaponry that was  designed to lure submarines into making surface attacks. Farnborough sank two submarines in her service in the First World War. The first submarine was SM U-68 which involved the first successful use of depth charges. The second submarine was SM U-83, which was sunk on 17 February 1917 in an action for which Captain Gordon Campbell of Farnborough received the Victoria Cross. HMS Farnborough was severely damaged in the action and was beached the same day.
Aravaan
Aravaan (transl. Snake) is a 2012 Indian Tamil language epic historical film directed by G. Vasanthabalan, based on S. Venkatesan's novel Kaaval Kottam. It stars Aadhi, Dhansika, Archana Kavi and Pasupathy. Kabir Bedi has a prominent role and Bharath is also featured in a cameo role. The film marks noted playback singer Karthik's debut as a music director. Aravaan was released on 2 March 2012.

G. Vasanthabalan
G. Vasanthabalan (credited as G. Vasanta Balan) is an Indian Tamil film director and screenwriter. He has made critically acclaimed films including Veyil (2006), Angadi Theru (2010) and Kaaviya Thalaivan (2014).
Senagi languages
The Senagi languages are a small family of Papuan languages in the classification of Malcolm Ross, that had been part of Stephen Wurm's Trans–New Guinea proposal. They consist of the two languages Angor and Dera.

The Angor language is unusual in that it distinguishes gender in the second- and third-person dual and plural (you and they), but not in the singular. It is not clear if Dera does the same.

In Papua New Guinea, they are spoken in Amanab Rural LLG of Sandaun Province. They are also spoken across the border in Keerom Regency, Indonesia.

Dera language
Dera (Dra, Dla) a.k.a. Mangguar and Kamberataro (Komberatoro) is a Senagi language of Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. In Papua New Guinea, it is primarily spoken in Kamberataro village (3°36′43″S 141°03′26″E﻿ / ﻿3.611948°S 141.05719°E﻿ / -3.611948; 141.05719﻿ (Kamberatoro)), Amanab Rural LLG, Sandaun Province.
Pacific Islanders rugby union team
The Pacific Islanders was a combined international rugby union team that played from 2004 to 2008. It represented Fiji, Samoa and Tonga; Niue and the Cook Islands also supplied players to the squad for their tour in 2004. The team did not play at Rugby World Cups, where each of the nations continued to represent themselves.

Tonga national rugby union team
The Tonga national rugby union team (Tongan: timi feohi ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in men's international rugby union. The team is nicknamed ʻIkale Tahi (Sea Eagles) and is governed by the Tonga Rugby Union. Like their Polynesian neighbours, the Tongans precede their matches with a traditional challenge – the Sipi Tau. They are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance (PIRA) along with Fiji and Samoa. The Ikale Tahi achieved a historic 19–14 victory over France in the 2011 Rugby World Cup, but having lost to New Zealand and Canada, were unable to achieve what would have been their first-ever presence at the quarter-finals.
Butler County, Kansas
Butler County is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas and is the largest county in the state by total area.  Its county seat is El Dorado and its most populous city is Andover.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 67,380.  The county was named for Andrew Butler, a U.S. Senator from South Carolina who coauthored the Kansas–Nebraska Act.

El Dorado, Kansas
El Dorado (/ˌɛldəˈreɪdoʊ/ EL-də-RAY-doh) is a city in and the county seat of Butler County, Kansas, United States.  It is situated along the Walnut River in the central part of Butler County and located in south-central Kansas.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 12,870.  It is home to Butler Community College.
Yilan County, Taiwan
Yilan, alternately spelled I-lan, is a county in northeastern Taiwan. It has a population of 450,031, and its seat is located in Yilan City.

Before the Han Chinese Wu Sha led his company into large-scale reclamation in today's Yilan in 1787, the area was mainly inhabited by the indigenous Kavalan people. During the Japanese rule, much of the present day Yilan County was part of Japan within its Taihoku Prefecture. When the Republic of China took over Taiwan in 1945, it became part of Taipei County until 10 October 1950 when 12 southeastern townships of Taipei County split off to form the present day Yilan County.

Taihoku Prefecture
Taihoku Prefecture (臺北州; Taihoku-shū) was an administrative division of Taiwan created in 1920, during Japanese rule. The prefecture consisted of modern-day Keelung, New Taipei City, Taipei and Yilan County. Its government office, which is now occupied by the Control Yuan of Taiwan, was in Taihoku City (modern-day Taipei).
Teymūr Khan Ayromlou
Brigadier General Teymūr Khan Ayromlou, born Teymur-Xân Âyromlu, of Turkic Ayrum descent, was a prominent figure in the Iranian army at the turn of the century. He was married to Malek os-Soltan. Queen Tâj ol-Moluk Âyromlou was his daughter and the notable General Mohammad-Hosayn Ayrom was his nephew.

Tadj ol-Molouk
Tâdj ol-Molouk (Persian: تاج‌الملوک; 17 March 1896 – 10 March 1982) was Queen of Iran and second wife of Reza Shah, the founder of the Pahlavi dynasty and Shah of Iran from 1925 to 1941. The title she was given after becoming queen means "Crown of the Kings" in the Persian language. She was the first queen in Iran after the Muslim conquest in the seventh century to have participated in public royal representation, and she played a major role in the kashf-e hijab (ban of the veil) in 1936.
Catharina Verplanck
Catharina Verplanck, also known as Callyntje Verplanck, Catalina Verplanck, or Catharina Schuyler (February 1639 – 8 October 1708) was the daughter of Verplanck family progenitor and land developer Abraham Isaacsen Verplanck and wife of David Pieterse Schuyler who was a progenitor of the Schuyler family.

Abraham Isaacsen Verplanck
Abraham Isaacsen Verplanck (1606–1690), also known as Abraham Isaacse Ver Planck,  was an early and prominent settler in New Netherlands. A land developer and speculator, he was the progenitor of an extensive Verplanck family in the United States. Immigrating circa 1633, he received a land grant at Paulus Hook (in today's Jersey City) in 1638.

He was one of the driving forces behind the bloody Kieft's War against the Native American population, set off by their retaliation to the Dutch's 1643 Pavonia massacre. His losses were so great at Pavonia he was forced to mortgage his Paulus Hook plantations.

A property owner on a smaller scale on Manhattan for the remainder of his life, he died with outstanding debt, settled by his family in 1699 by sale of one of his holdings.
Collage (Le Orme album)
Collage is an album by the Italian progressive rock band Le Orme. It was released in 1971. It is the first progressive-like album by the band, who had previously recorded only the beat-oriented Ad Gloriam of 1968.

Le Orme
Le Orme (Italian: "The Footprints") is an Italian progressive rock band formed in 1966 in Marghera, a frazione of Venice. The band was one of the major groups of the Italian progressive rock scene in the 1970s. They are one of few Italian rock bands to have success outside their own country, having played concerts across North America and Europe, and releasing an album in English at the height of their success.
Snickelways of York
The Snickelways of York, often misspelt Snickleways, are a collection of narrow streets and alleys in the city of York, England. The word Snickelway was coined by local author Mark W. Jones in 1983 in his book A Walk Around the Snickelways of York, and is a portmanteau of the words snicket, meaning a passageway between walls or fences, ginnel, a narrow passageway between or through buildings, and alleyway, a narrow street or lane. Although the word is a neologism, it quickly became part of the local vocabulary, and has even been used in official council documents, for example when giving notice of temporary footpath closures.

Alley
An alley or alleyway is a narrow lane, path, or passageway, often reserved for pedestrians, which usually runs between, behind, or within buildings in towns and cities. It is also a rear access or service road (back lane), or a path, walk, or avenue (French allée) in a park or garden.

A covered alley or passageway, often with shops, may be called an arcade. The origin of the word alley is late Middle English, from Old French: alee "walking or passage", from aller "to go", from Latin: ambulare "to walk".
Ship Ahoy Tavern
Ship Ahoy Tavern is a dive bar in Portland, Oregon, United States. It is located in southeast Portland's Creston-Kenilworth neighborhood and opened during the 1940s. The nautical-themed bar has pinball, a billiard table, and decorations like lighthouses and ship models. Ship Ahoy has hosted food carts and pop-up restaurants on-site, including MidCity SmashedBurger.

MidCity SmashedBurger
MidCity SmashedBurger (also known as MidCity SmashBurger) is a small chain of restaurants based in Portland, Oregon, United States. Chef Mike Aldridge founded the business as a pop-up restaurant in New Orleans in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, then relocated and relaunched as a food cart in Portland in early 2021. MidCity specializes in smash burgers, featuring meat pressed directly on a flat-top grill. MidCity has also operated in Bend and Beaverton. The restaurant has garnered a positive reception and has been praised for serving some of the best burgers in Portland and Central Oregon.
Bodie and Benton Railway and Commercial Company
The Bodie & Benton Railway was a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge common carrier railroad in California, from the Mono Mills to a terminus in Bodie, now a ghost town, in Mono County.  It was unusual among U.S. railroads in that it was completely isolated from the rest of the railroad system.

Mono Mills, California
Mono Mills (also, Mono) is a ghost town in Mono County, California. It is located 9.5 miles (15 km) east-southeast of Lee Vining, at an elevation of 7356 feet (2242 m). Mono Mills has nearly vanished. Its site is along California State Route 120, 9.1 miles (15 km) east from the junction with U.S. Route 395.
Marlon Williams (American musician)
Marlon Williams is a hip-hop guitarist and producer from Los Angeles. He is best known for his work as musical director for Snoop Dogg. He helped launch the careers of Terrace Martin and Kamasi Washington by inviting them to tour and record with Snoop. He has also recorded with Nate Dogg, Warren G, Kendrick Lamar and The Pollyseeds, and was an early member of Fishbone.

Sounds of Crenshaw Vol. 1
Sounds of Crenshaw Vol. 1 is the first studio album by American musical supergroup the Pollyseeds. It was released on July 14, 2017, through Sounds Of Crenshaw and Ropeadope Records. Recording sessions took place at Organic Grease Studios and Henson Recording Studios in Los Angeles. Production was handled by Terrace Martin and Robert Glasper, with co-producer Marlon Williams.

In the United States, the album debuted at number 3 on the Jazz Albums and topped the Contemporary Jazz Albums charts. In the United Kingdom, it reached number 23 on the Official Hip Hop and R&B Albums Chart and number 48 on the Official Independent Albums Chart.
Gore Mountain Garnet
Gore Mountain Garnet, found in the Adirondack Mountains in New York, contains the world's largest garnets. The rock that holds these garnets, garnet amphibolite, is sometimes referred to as 'black ore' or 'dark ore.' This rock formation formed during metamorphism during the Ottawan phase of the Grenvillian orogeny, and extremely high temperatures combined with introduction of fluids is what most likely contributed to the unusual size of the megacrystic garnets.

Garnet
Garnets ( /ˈɡɑːrnɪt/) are a group of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives.

Garnet minerals, while sharing similar physical and crystallographic properties, exhibit a wide range of chemical compositions, defining distinct species. These species fall into two primary solid solution series: the pyralspite series (pyrope, almandine, spessartine), with the general formula [Mg,Fe,Mn]3Al2(SiO4)3; and the ugrandite series (uvarovite, grossular, andradite), with the general formula Ca3[Cr,Al,Fe]2(SiO4)3. Notable varieties of grossular include hessonite and tsavorite.

Although garnets are often associated with metamorphism, they can also occur in volcanic rocks on rare occasions.
Dark Bird Is Home
Dark Bird Is Home is the fourth LP by The Tallest Man on Earth. It was released on CD, digital and vinyl on May 12, 2015, through the label Dead Oceans. The album is the first in his discography to feature a full band playing on almost every track.

The Tallest Man on Earth
Kristian Matsson (born 30 April 1983) is a Swedish singer-songwriter who performs under the stage name The Tallest Man on Earth. Matsson grew up in Leksand, and began his solo career in 2006, having previously been the lead singer of the indie band Montezumas. His music has often drawn comparisons to the music of Bob Dylan.

Since 2006, Matsson has released seven full-length albums and four EPs. He records and produces these in his home, and usually records his voice and guitar together on one track. He is known for his charismatic stage presence.

He was previously married to Amanda Bergman, also known by the stage name Idiot Wind. Together, they wrote the music for the Swedish drama film Once a Year.
Pine Creek, Wisconsin
Pine Creek is an unincorporated community located in the town of Dodge, Trempealeau County, Wisconsin, United States. Pine Creek is located on Pine Creek and County Highway G, 9.6 miles (15.4 km) west-northwest of Galesville.

Dodge, Wisconsin
Dodge is a town in Trempealeau County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 414 at the 2000 census. The census-designated place of Dodge is located in the town. The unincorporated community of Pine Creek is also located in the town.
2-6-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, a 2-6-6-2 is a locomotive with one pair of unpowered leading wheels, followed by two sets of three pairs of powered driving wheels and one pair of trailing wheels. The wheel arrangement was principally used on Mallet-type articulated locomotives, although some tank locomotive examples were also built. A Garratt locomotive or Golwé locomotive with the same wheel arrangement is designated 2-6-0+0-6-2 since both engine units are pivoting.

Under the UIC classification the wheel arrangement is referred to as (1'C)C1' for Mallet locomotives.

Mallet locomotive
A Mallet locomotive is a type of compound articulated steam locomotive, invented by the Swiss engineer Anatole Mallet (1837–1919).

The front of the locomotive is articulated on a bogie. The compound steam system fed steam at boiler pressure to high-pressure cylinders driving the rear set of driving wheels (rigidly connected to the boiler). The exhaust steam from these cylinders was fed into a low-pressure receiver and was then sent to low-pressure cylinders that powered the driving wheels on the swiveling bogie towards the front of locomotive.