hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas S. Bell
Thomas Sloan Bell Sr. (October 22, 1800 – June 6, 1861) was an American judge, politician, and lawyer. A member of the Democratic Party from West Chester, Bell served as a justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania from 1846 to 1851 and as a Pennsylvania State Senator from 1838 to 1839 and 1858 to 1860. He was the father of Union Army Colonel Thomas S. Bell Jr.

Thomas S. Bell Jr.
Thomas Sloan Bell Jr. (May 12, 1838 – September 17, 1862) was an American soldier who served as a Union Army lieutenant colonel of the 51st Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War. He was killed in action at the Battle of Antietam shortly after capturing a key stone bridge over Antietam Creek held by Confederate troops.
Euston Sartorius
Major General Euston Henry Sartorius VC CB (6 June 1844 – 19 February 1925) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. His brother Reginald was also awarded the VC.

Reginald Sartorius
Major General Reginald William Sartorius VC CMG (8 May 1841 – 8 August 1907) was an army officer, and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Princess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Antoinette Amalie of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (Antoinette Amalie; 14 April 1696 – 6 March 1762) was a Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel by marriage to Ferdinand Albert II of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. She was the mother of the Queen of Prussia, the Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and the Queen of Denmark and Norway.

Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern (Danish: Juliane Marie; 4 September 1729 – 10 October 1796) was Queen of Denmark and Norway from 1752 to 1766 as the second consort of King Frederick V of Denmark and Norway. She was mother to the prince-regent, Hereditary Prince Frederick of Denmark and Norway, and was herself de facto regent from 1772 to 1784. King Christian VIII of Denmark and every subsequent Danish monarch excluding Christian IX descends from her.
ThinkPad X1 series
The ThinkPad X1 series is a line of high-end ThinkPad laptop and tablet computers produced by Lenovo. It is a sub-series of the ThinkPad X series designed to be extra premium with material that make them lighter and portable, having been originally classed as Ultrabooks. While the ThinkPad T series is the flagship ThinkPad line, the ThinkPad X1 series's X1 Carbon specifically has been cited as a flagship model since its introduction in 2012.

The current model list contains four product lines:

X1 Carbon – mainstream premium 14-inch model

X1 Yoga/2-in-1 – the convertible 14-inch version

X1 Fold – the first foldable personal computer

Former product lines include:

X1 Extreme – 15.6-inch (later 16-inch) advanced ultra-light premium laptop; the same model with a Quadro GPU known as ThinkPad P1

X1 Titanium Yoga – a convertible 13.5-inch version with titanium body

X1 Nano – a 13.3-inch version – the lightest ThinkPad model

ThinkPad P series
The ThinkPad P series is a line of workstation laptop computers (mobile workstations) produced by Lenovo as part of the ThinkPad product family. Originally introduced in 2015 as a successor to the previous ThinkPad W series, the P series are the most technologically advanced ThinkPad products offered by Lenovo.
Centinela Valley Union High School District
Centinela Valley Union High School District, (CVUHSD) is a public union high school district located in southern California that serves about 6,800 students in grades 9–12 from all of Lawndale and Lennox, most of Hawthorne and Alondra Park (a.k.a. El Camino Village), and a small portion of Inglewood. The district's three associated elementary feeder school districts are Hawthorne School District, Lawndale Elementary School District, and Lennox School District. Previously Wiseburn Unified School District, now a unified district, fed into CVUSD.  The Centinela Valley district also offers adult education classes.

Students attend Hawthorne High School, Lawndale High School, Leuzinger High School, or the continuation school, Lloyde Continuation High School.

Wiseburn Unified School District
The Wiseburn Unified School District is a school district in Los Angeles County, California operating elementary and middle schools, and hosting charter high schools. Its headquarters are on the grounds of the Da Vinci charter schools facility in El Segundo. Previously they were in Hawthorne.
Audi Coupé
The Audi Coupé is a liftback coupé version of the Audi 80, first shown in 1980. The bodywork was shared with the Audi Quattro. The second generation Coupé arrived in late 1988 and was based on the B3 Audi 80, albeit with a different suspension. The Coupé remained in production until the end of 1996 and spawned the Audi S2 series of sports versions. A convertible model arrived in 1991, called simply the Cabriolet, and remained in production until 2000.

Audi 80
The Audi 80 is a compact executive car produced by the Audi subdivision of the Volkswagen Group across four generations from 1966 to 1996. It shared its platform with the Volkswagen Passat from 1973 to 1986 and was available as a saloon, and estate — the latter marketed by Audi as the Avant. The coupé and convertible models were not badged as members of the range, but used a derivative of the same platforms.

In North America and Australia, the 80 was marketed as the Audi Fox for model years 1973–1979, as the Audi 4000 for model years 1980–1987 in the US, as Audi 4000 5+5 from 1981 in the US, and Audi 5+5 in Australia during 1981 through 1983.

The Audi 90 was an upmarket version of the Audi 80, although all North American sedans of the B4 generation were called Audi 90.
NCAA Division III men's swimming and diving championships
The NCAA Division III men's swimming and diving championships are contested at an annual swim meet hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the individual and team champions of men's collegiate swimming and diving among its Division III members in the United States. It has been held every year since 1975, except 2020.

Since 1982, it has been held concurrently with the Division III women's championships.

The most successful program has been Kenyon, who have won 34 national titles. Kenyon's 34 titles are the most by any collegiate program in one sport at any NCAA division. Furthermore, Kenyon's thirty-one consecutive titles (1980 until 2011), is also a record across all three divisions.

Denison are the reigning national champions, winning their sixth national title in 2025.

NCAA Division III women's swimming and diving championships
The NCAA Division III women's swimming and diving championships are contested at an annual swim meet hosted by the National Collegiate Athletic Association to determine the individual and team champions of women's collegiate swimming and diving among its Division III members in the United States.

The event is held annually following the winter regular season, and it consists of individual and team championships. The meets take place in a 25-yard pool. Since its establishment, the championships have been held at the same time and venue as the Division III men's championships.

MIT are the reigning national champions, winning their first title in 2025.
James Albert King
James Albert King (December 1864 – November 17, 1933) was the father of Martin Luther King Sr. and paternal grandfather of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr., A. D. King, and Christine King Farris.

Martin Luther King Sr.
Martin Luther King (born Michael King; December 19, 1899 – November 11, 1984) was an American Baptist pastor, missionary, and an early figure in the civil rights movement. He was the father and namesake of the civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. King was the senior pastor of Atlanta's Ebenezer Baptist Church from 1931 to 1975.
Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs
The position of Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs was a British ministerial position, subordinate to that of Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs, created in 1925 to deal with British relations with the Dominions – Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Newfoundland, and the Irish Free State.

In 1947 the office was replaced by the Under-Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations.

Under-Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations
The Under-Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations was a junior ministerial post in the United Kingdom Government from 1947 until 1966. The holder was responsible for assisting the Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations in dealing with British relationship with members of the Commonwealth of Nations (its former colonies). The position was created out of the old position of Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs.

After 1966 the post was merged with the Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies and became the Under-Secretary of State for Commonwealth Affairs.
Dooly County, Georgia
Dooly County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,208. The county seat is Vienna. The county was created by an act of the Georgia General Assembly on May 15, 1821, and named for Colonel John Dooly, a Georgia American Revolutionary War fighter. It was one of the original landlot counties created from land ceded from the Creek Nation.

The entire county of Crisp and parts of Macon, Pulaski, Turner, Wilcox and Worth counties were formed from Dooly's original borders.

Macon County, Georgia
Macon County is a county located in the west central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,082. The county seat is Oglethorpe.

The Macon County Courthouse is located in Oglethorpe.
Cayor
The Cayor Kingdom (Wolof: Kajoor; Arabic: كاجور) was from 1549 to 1876 the largest and most powerful kingdom that split off from the Jolof Empire in what is now Senegal. The Cayor Kingdom was located in northern and central Senegal, southeast of Waalo, west of the kingdom of Jolof, and north of Baol and the Kingdom of Sine.

Jolof Empire
The Jolof Empire (Arabic: امبراطورية جولوف), also known as Great Jolof or the Wolof Empire, was a Wolof state in modern-day Senegal, that ruled portions of Mauritania and Gambia from the mid-14th century (or possibly earlier) until 1549. Following the battle of Danki, its vassal states were fully or de facto independent; in this period it is known as the Jolof Kingdom.
PS Wingfield Castle
The PS Wingfield Castle is a former Humber Estuary ferry, now preserved as a museum ship in Hartlepool, County Durham, England.

The Wingfield Castle was built by William Gray & Company at Hartlepool, and launched in 1934, along with a sister ship, the Tattershall Castle. A third similar vessel, the Lincoln Castle built in Glasgow, was launched in 1940.

She was earmarked to become a floating restaurant in Swansea Marina in the early 1980s but was too wide to fit through the lock gates. She is now preserved at the Museum of Hartlepool as a floating exhibit at Jackson Dock, as part of the Hartlepool's Maritime Experience visitor attraction, which also includes HMS Trincomalee.

PS Tattershall Castle
PS Tattershall Castle is a floating pub and restaurant moored on the River Thames at Victoria Embankment. It was a passenger ferry across the Humber estuary from 1934 to 1973, before being towed to London in 1976.
Constant k filter
Constant k filters, also k-type filters, are a type of electronic filter designed using the image method.  They are the original and simplest filters produced by this methodology and consist of a ladder network of identical sections of passive components. Historically, they are the first filters that could approach the ideal filter frequency response to within any prescribed limit with the addition of a sufficient number of sections. However, they are rarely considered for a modern design, the principles behind them having been superseded by other methodologies which are more accurate in their prediction of filter response.

Image impedance
Image impedance is a concept used in electronic network design and analysis and most especially in filter design. The term image impedance applies to the impedance seen looking into a port of a network. Usually a two-port network is implied but the concept can be extended to networks with more than two ports. The definition of image impedance for a two-port network is the impedance, Zi 1, seen looking into port 1 when port 2 is terminated with the image impedance, Zi 2, for port 2. In general, the image impedances of ports 1 and 2 will not be equal unless the network is symmetrical (or anti-symmetrical) with respect to the ports.

Parts of this article or section rely on the reader's knowledge of the complex impedance representation of capacitors and inductors and on knowledge of the frequency domain representation of signals.
Run (2002 film)
Run  is a 2002 Indian Tamil-language romantic action film directed by N. Linguswamy and produced by A. M. Rathnam under Sri Surya Movies. It stars Madhavan and Meera Jasmine (in her Tamil debut), alongside Vivek, Atul Kulkarni, Raghuvaran and Anu Hasan. The music was composed by Vidyasagar, while the cinematography and editing were handled by Jeeva and V. T. Vijayan.

Run was released on 5 September 2002 to positive reviews from critics blockbuster movie of year 2002 & Highest grossing movie of the year, which prompted the film to be partially reshot in Telugu with Sunil playing Vivek's role. It was remade in Hindi under the same title by Jeeva, with Abhishek Bachchan and Bhumika Chawla reprising the roles of Madhavan and Meera Jasmine.

Run (2004 film)
Run is a 2004 Indian Hindi-language romantic action film directed and photographed by Jeeva. It stars Abhishek Bachchan and Bhumika Chawla. It is a remake of a 2002 Tamil film of the same name for which Jeeva worked as a cinematographer. The film was produced by Boney Kapoor and Sridevi under the banner Sridevi Productions.
Batyr (elephant)
Batyr (May 24, 1970 – August 26, 1993) was an Asian elephant claimed to be able to use a large amount of meaningful human speech. Living in a zoo in Kazakhstan in the Soviet Union, Batyr was reported as having a vocabulary of more than 20 phrases.
A recording of Batyr saying "Batyr is good", his name and using words such as drink and give was played on Kazakh state radio and on the Soviet Central Television programme Vremya in 1980.

As in all cases of talking animals, these claims are subject to the observer-expectancy effect.

Talking animal
A talking animal or speaking animal is any non-human animal that can produce sounds or gestures resembling those of a human language. Several species or groups of animals have developed forms of communication which superficially resemble verbal language, however, these usually are not considered a language because they lack one or more of the defining characteristics, e.g. grammar, syntax, recursion, and displacement. Researchers have been successful in teaching some animals to make gestures similar to sign language, although whether this should be considered a language has been disputed.
XYYY syndrome
XYYY syndrome, also known as 48,XYYY, is a chromosomal disorder in which a male has two extra copies of the Y chromosome. The syndrome is exceptionally rare, with only twelve recorded cases. The presentation of the syndrome is heterogeneous, but appears to be more severe than its counterpart XYY syndrome. Common traits include borderline to mild intellectual disability, infertility, radioulnar synostosis (the fusion of the long bones in the forearm), and in some cases tall stature.

XYY syndrome
XYY syndrome, also known as Jacobs syndrome and Superman syndrome, is an aneuploid genetic condition in which a male has an extra Y chromosome. There are usually few symptoms. These may include being taller than average and an increased risk of learning disabilities. Most individuals with this condition have normal fertility.

The condition is generally not inherited but rather occurs as a result of a random event during sperm development. Diagnosis is by a chromosomal analysis, but most of those affected are not diagnosed within their lifetime. There are 47 chromosomes, instead of the usual 46, giving a 47,XYY karyotype.

Treatment may include speech therapy or extra help with schoolwork, and outcomes are generally positive. The condition occurs in about 1 in 1,000 male births. Many people with the condition are unaware that they have it. The condition was first described in 1961.
Elisabeth Röhl
Elisabeth Röhl; née Elisabeth Gohlke (22 August 1888 – 21 September 1930) was a German politician, social reformer and women's rights activist. She served as a member of the National Assembly from 1919 to 1920, and as a member of the Landtag of Prussia from 1921 until her death in 1930.

Her older sister was Marie Juchacz, with whom she collaborated politically. Her second marriage was to fellow politician Emil Kirschmann, as a result of which sources after 1922 generally identify her as Elisabeth Kirschmann-Röhl.

Marie Juchacz
Marie Juchacz (German pronunciation: [maˈʁiː ˈjʊxatʃ]; née Marie Gohlke; born Landsberg an der Warthe, 15 March 1879; died Düsseldorf, 28 January 1956) was a German politician, social reformer and women's rights activist. She served as a member of the Reichstag from 1919 to 1933 and founded the Workers' Welfare Committee, serving as its chairwoman from 1919 to 1933.

She joined the Social Democratic Party (SPD) in 1908, more than ten years before women acquired the right to vote, and pursued a career that included politics, becoming, in 1919, the first female Reichstag member to address a German parliament.
Zeta Sagittarii
Zeta Sagittarii (ζ Sagittarii, abbreviated Zeta Sgr, ζ Sgr) is a triple star system and the third-brightest star in the constellation of Sagittarius after Kaus Australis and Nunki. Based upon parallax measurements, it is about 88 light-years (27 parsecs) from the Sun.

The three components are designated Zeta Sagittarii Aa (officially named Ascella /əˈsɛlə/, the traditional name for the entire system), Ab and B. The Washington Double Star Catalog cites a component separated 72.3" from the system, but it is a background star unrelated to the pair.

Epsilon Sagittarii
Epsilon Sagittarii (Latinised from ε Sagittarii, abbreviated Epsilon Sgr, ε Sgr), formally named Kaus Australis /ˈkɔːs ɔːˈstreɪlɪs/, is a binary star system in the southern zodiac constellation of Sagittarius. The apparent visual magnitude of +1.85 makes it the brightest object in Sagittarius. Based upon parallax measurements, this star is around 143 light-years (44 parsecs) from the Sun.
Dialect
A dialect is a variety of language spoken by a particular group of people. This may include dominant and standardized varieties as well as vernacular, unwritten, or non-standardized varieties, such as those used in developing countries or isolated areas. The dialects of the same language are mainly distinguished from each other by differences in linguistic features such as phonology, morphology, syntax and vocabulary.

The non-standard dialects of a language with a writing system will operate at different degrees of distance from the standardized written form. An oral dialect or idiolect may be portrayed in written form with eye dialect.

Vernacular
Vernacular is the ordinary, informal, spoken form of a language or dialect, particularly when perceived as having lower social status or less prestige than standard language, which is more codified, institutionally promoted, literary, or formal. More narrowly, any particular variety of a natural language that does not hold a widespread high-status perception, and sometimes even carries social stigma, is also called a vernacular, vernacular dialect, nonstandard dialect, etc. and is typically its speakers' native variety. Regardless of any such stigma, all nonstandard dialects are full-fledged varieties of language with their own consistent grammatical structure, sound system, body of vocabulary, etc.
Toni Kurz
Toni Kurz (13 January 1913 – 22 July 1936) was a German mountain climber active in the 1930s. He died in 1936 during an attempt to climb the then-unclimbed north face of the Eiger with his partner Andreas Hinterstoisser.

Andreas Hinterstoisser
Andreas Hinterstoisser (3 October 1914 – 21 July 1936) was a German mountain climber active in the 1930s. He was killed in the 1936 Eiger north face climbing disaster during an attempted summit via that route with his partner Toni Kurz. A section of the north face was later named the "Hinterstoisser Traverse" in his honor. The 2008 film North Face was based on his experience climbing the Eiger.
New Brunswick Route 1
Route 1 is a highway in the southern part of the Canadian province of New Brunswick. It begins west of the Canada–United States border at St. Stephen, and runs east for 239.11 kilometres (148.58 mi) to Route 2 at River Glade.

The entire highway is a 4-lane controlled-access freeway. It is one of the most important highways in the province, carrying traffic from the American border in St. Stephen, through the City of Saint John, ending with an interchange with the Trans Canada Highway at River Glade.

New Brunswick Route 2
Route 2 is a major provincial highway in the Canadian province of New Brunswick, carrying the main route of the Trans-Canada Highway in the province. The highway connects with Autoroute 85 at the border with Quebec, Highway 104 at the border with Nova Scotia, as well as with traffic from Interstate 95 in the U.S. state of Maine via the short Route 95 connector. A core route in the National Highway System, Route 2 is a four-lane freeway in its entirety, and directly serves the cities of Edmundston, Fredericton, and Moncton.

A 20-year project to replace the original 1960s-era two-lane Trans-Canada Highway with a four-lane freeway was completed on November 1, 2007.  The final upgrade to Route 2 and Route 95 extended the continuous freeway network of North America east to New Glasgow, Nova Scotia. Once Autoroute 85 in Quebec is completed, Route 2 will also connect with the freeway networks of Central Canada without passing through the United States.
Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans
Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans (9 December 1709 – 16 June 1742) was Queen of Spain as the wife of King Louis I. Their reign is regarded as one of the shortest in history, lasting for seven months. Louise Élisabeth was the fourth daughter to survive to adulthood born to Philippe II, Duke of Orléans and Françoise Marie de Bourbon.

Louise Élisabeth was often disliked at the Spanish royal court, due to the many incidents and scandals revolving around her—those include social faux pas, walking around the palace unclothed, and provoking others by displaying her intimate parts in public. However, modern-day diagnoses claim her behaviour to be caused by a severe borderline personality disorder.

After being widowed, Louise Élisabeth returned to France and died at the Luxembourg Palace, located in Paris. Both she and her husband died without issue.

Françoise Marie de Bourbon
Françoise Marie de Bourbon (Légitimée de France; 4 May 1677 – 1 February 1749) was the youngest illegitimate daughter of King Louis XIV of France and his maîtresse-en-titre, Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart, Marquise de Montespan. At the age of 14, she married her first cousin Philippe d'Orléans, the future regent of France during the minority of Louis XV. Through two of her eight children, she became the ancestress of several of Europe's Roman Catholic monarchs of the 19th and 20th centuries—notably those of Belgium, Italy, Portugal, Spain, and France.

Françoise Marie wielded little political influence. In 1718, she participated in the botched Cellamare Conspiracy, during which the conspirators orchestrated to oust her husband as regent in favour of her brother Louis-Auguste, Duke of Maine.