hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Williamsburg Community School District (Iowa)
41°39′46″N 92°01′08″W﻿ / ﻿41.662855°N 92.018800°W﻿ / 41.662855; -92.018800

The Williamsburg Community School District is a rural public school district headquartered in Williamsburg, Iowa.

The district spans areas of central Iowa County, and serves areas surrounding the towns of Williamsburg, Parnell, and Conroy.

The school facilities are in Williamsburg. The sports teams are known as the Raiders, and compete in the WaMaC Conference.

The school district is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools and the Iowa Department of Education.
The Williamsburg School District was formed in 1886.

Williamsburg, Iowa
Williamsburg is a city in Iowa County, Iowa, United States. The population was 3,346 at the time of the 2020 census. Williamsburg is known for Holden's Foundation Seeds, a foundation seed corn company, and Kinze Manufacturing, Inc., a farm implement manufacturer.
Lake Scugog
Lake Scugog is an artificially flooded lake in Scugog, Regional Municipality of Durham and the unitary city of Kawartha Lakes in central Ontario, Canada. It lies between the communities of Port Perry and Lindsay. The lake has been raised and lowered several times over its history. Though not technically part of the Kawartha lakes due to its shallow depths, it is often geographically linked to them. Its sole outflow, the Scugog River, connects to Sturgeon Lake. Lake Scugog is in the Great Lakes Basin and forms part of the Trent–Severn Waterway.

Port Perry
Port Perry is a community located in Scugog, Ontario, Canada. The town is located 84 kilometres (52 mi) northeast of central Toronto, north of Oshawa, and east of Whitby. Port Perry has a population of 9,553 as of 2021.
Port Perry serves as the administrative and commercial centre for the township of Scugog. The town is home to a 24-bed hospital (Lakeridge Health Port Perry), Scugog Township's municipal offices and many retail establishments. Port Perry serves as a hub for many small communities in the Scugog area, such as Greenbank, Raglan, Caesarea, Blackstock and Nestleton/Nestleton Station. The Great Blue Heron Charitable Casino is a major employer. Located at the basin of the Trent-Severn Waterways is Lake Scugog, one of Ontario's largest man-made lakes.
Subbaetic System
The Subbaetic or Sub-Baetic System (Spanish: Sistema Subbético or Cordillera Subbética) is one of the three systems of mountain ranges of the Baetic System in the southern Iberian Peninsula. Highest point 2,027 m (6,650 ft) high Peña de la Cruz in Sierra Arana. Its northern limit includes the valley of the Guadalquivir in its western part.

Prebaetic System
The Prebaetic System (Spanish: Sistemas Prebéticos or Sistema Prebético, also often referred to simply as Prebético) is a system of mountain ranges that forms the northeasternmost prolongation of the Baetic System in the southern Iberian Peninsula.
Precondition
In computer programming, a precondition is a condition or predicate that must always be true just prior to the execution of some section of code or before an operation in a formal specification.

If a precondition is violated, the effect of the section of code becomes undefined and thus may or may not carry out its intended work.  Preconditions that are missing, insufficient, or not formally proved (or have an incorrect attempted proof), or are not checked statically or dynamically, can give rise to Security problems, particularly in unsafe languages that are not strongly typed.

Often, preconditions are simply included in the documentation of the affected section of code.  Preconditions are sometimes tested using guards or assertions within the code itself, and some languages have specific syntactic constructions for doing so.

Guard (computer science)
In computer programming, a guard is a Boolean expression that must evaluate to true if the execution of the program is to continue in the branch in question. Regardless of which programming language is used, a guard clause, guard code, or guard statement is a check of integrity preconditions used to avoid errors during execution.

The term guard clause is a Software design pattern attributed to Kent Beck who codified many often unnamed coding practices into named software design patterns, the practice of using this technique dates back to at least the early 1960s. The guard clause most commonly is added at the beginning of a procedure and is said to "guard" the rest of the procedure by handling edge cases upfront.
Slaughterhouse (group)
Slaughterhouse were an American hip-hop supergroup consisting of rappers Joe Budden, Joell Ortiz, Kxng Crooked, and Royce da 5'9". They released their eponymous debut studio album independently in 2009, and signed to Shady Records, an imprint of Interscope Records to release its follow up, Welcome to: Our House in 2012. The group disbanded in 2018.

Slaughterhouse (Slaughterhouse album)
Slaughterhouse is the self-titled debut studio album by American hip-hop supergroup, Slaughterhouse, consisting of members Crooked I, Joe Budden, Joell Ortiz and Royce da 5'9". It was released on August 11, 2009, by E1 Music and sold 18,600 copies in its first week.
Constantine Lips
Constantine Lips (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Λίψ) (died 20 August 917) was a Byzantine aristocrat and admiral who lived in the later 9th and early 10th centuries. He was killed in 917 at the Battle of Acheloos against Bulgaria. Constantine Lips is most notable for his foundation of the convent bearing his name at Constantinople.

Fenari Isa Mosque
Fenâri Îsâ Mosque (full name in Turkish: Molla Fenâri Îsâ Câmîi), known in Byzantine times as the Lips Monastery (Greek: Μονὴ τοῦ Λιβός), is a mosque in Istanbul, made of two former Eastern Orthodox churches.
Minister of Finance (Estonia)
Minister of Finance (Estonian: Rahandusminister) is the senior minister at the Ministry of Finance (Rahandusministeerium) in the Estonian Government. The Minister is one of the most important members of the Estonian government, with responsibility for coordinating the government's policies on national finances. The position was originally established in 1918.

The Minister of Finance is chosen by the Prime Minister as a part of the government. The current Finance Minister is Jürgen Ligi.

Jürgen Ligi
Jürgen Ligi (born 16 July 1959) is an Estonian politician, former Minister of Foreign Affairs, and a member and the vice-chairman of the liberal Reform Party. He was Minister of Education and Research in Taavi Rõivas' cabinet from 9 April 2015 to 12 September 2016. Previously, Ligi has served as the Minister of Defence from 2005 to 2007 and as the Minister of Finance from 2009 to 2014.
Georg von Blumenthal
Georg von Blumenthal (1490 – 25 September 1550) was a German Prince-Bishop of Ratzeburg and Bishop of Lebus. He also served as a Privy Councillor of the Margraviate of Brandenburg and Chancellor of the University of Frankfurt (Oder), commonly called the Viadrina.

Diocese of Ratzeburg
The Diocese of Ratzeburg (German: Bistum Ratzeburg, Latin: Dioecesis Ratzeburgensis) is a former diocese of the Catholic Church. It was erected from the Diocese of Oldenburg c. 1050 and was suppressed in 1554. The diocese was originally a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Hamburg; in 1072 it became a suffragan of the merged entity — the "Archdiocese of Hamburg and the Diocese of Bremen". The territory of the diocese was located in what is today the states of Schleswig-Holstein (the district of Herzogtum Lauenburg) and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (the district of Nordwestmecklenburg) in Germany. The cathedral church of the diocese — dedicated to Ss. Mary and John — is still extant in the city of Ratzeburg. Following its suppression as part of the Protestant Reformation, the remaining Catholic adherents were only represented by the Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Germany. The whole territory of the diocese is today included in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hamburg.
K. K. Venugopal
Kottayan Katankot Venugopal (born 6 September 1931) is an Indian constitutional lawyer and a senior advocate in the Supreme Court of India.  He was enrolled as an advocate on 27 January 1954. On 1 July 2017, he was appointed as the Attorney General of India and retired on 30 September 2022. He is Patron of SAARCLAW (A regional apex body of SAARC) and earlier has been its President. He is founder of M K Nambyar SAARCLAW Centre For Advanced Legal Studies at the NALSAR University of Law.

Attorney General of India
The Attorney General for India (AG of India) is the chief legal advisor of the Government of India. The Attorney General is appointed by the President of India at the instance of the Union Cabinet under Article 76(1) of the Constitution and hold office during the pleasure of the President. The Attorney General must meet the qualifications necessary for an appointment as a Judge of the Supreme Court. Therefore, the Attorney General should have served as a judge in a high court for a minimum of five years, or as an advocate in a high court for at least ten years. Alternatively, the President may consider an individual as eligible for the role if they are deemed an eminent jurist.

R. Venkataramani is the incumbent Attorney General for India. He succeeded to the office as the 16th Attorney General on 1 October 2022. His predecessor was K. K. Venugopal.
Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma
Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma (Spanish: Don Sixto Enrique de Borbón-Parma y de Borbón-Busset; Italian: Don Sisto Enrico di Borbone Parma; born 22 July 1940), known as Enrique V by supporters, is considered Regent of Spain by some Carlists who accord him the titles Duke of Aranjuez, Infante of Spain, and Standard-bearer of Tradition.

Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma
Xavier, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, known in France before 1974 as Prince Xavier de Bourbon-Parme, known in Spain as Francisco Javier de Borbón-Parma y de Braganza or simply as Don Javier (25 May 1889 – 7 May 1977), was head of the ducal House of Bourbon-Parma. He is best known as dynastic leader of Carlism and the Carlist pretender to the throne of Spain, since 1936 as a regent-claimant and since 1952 as a claimant, appearing under the name Javier I. Since 1974, he was pretender to the defunct throne of Parma. He is also recognized as involved in the so-called Sixtus Affair of 1916–1917 and in the so-called Halifax-Chevalier talks of 1940.
Lost Horizon
Lost Horizon is a 1933 novel by the English writer James Hilton. The book was adapted into a film, also called Lost Horizon, in 1937 by director Frank Capra; and a musical film remake in 1973 by producer Ross Hunter with music by Burt Bacharach. It is the origin of Shangri-La, a fictional utopian lamasery located high in the mountains of Tibet.

The novel has a frame story set in Berlin, where a neurologist obtains a manuscript which records the narrative of a British diplomat who had disappeared in China. The main narrative depicted in the manuscript starts in May 1931 within the British Raj. There is a revolution in the country and several people are evacuated. A number of them are transported in a maharaja's aircraft, but the plane is hijacked. After a crash landing, the four surviving passengers are guided to Shangri-La in the Kuen-Lun mountain range.

Shangri-La
Shangri-La is a fictional place in Tibet's Kunlun Mountains, described in the 1933 novel Lost Horizon by the British author James Hilton. Hilton portrays Shangri-La as a mystical, harmonious valley, gently guided from a lamasery, enclosed in the western end of the Kunlun Mountains. In the novel, the people who live in Shangri-La are almost immortal, living hundreds of years beyond the normal lifespan and only very slowly ageing in appearance.

Shangri-La has become synonymous with any earthly paradise, particularly a mythical Himalayan utopia – an enduringly happy land, isolated from the world. Ancient Tibetan scriptures mention Nghe-Beyul Khembalung, one of seven utopian beyuls which Tibetan Buddhists believe were established in the 9th century AD by Padmasambhava as hidden, sacred places of refuge for Buddhists during times of strife.
Christopher Monckton, 3rd Viscount Monckton of Brenchley
Christopher Walter Monckton, 3rd Viscount Monckton of Brenchley (born 14 February 1952) is a British public speaker and hereditary peer. He is known for his work as a journalist, Conservative political advisor, UKIP political candidate, and climate denier and for his invention of the mathematical puzzle Eternity.

Early on in his public speaking career topics centred on his mathematical puzzle and conservative politics. In recent years, his public speaking has garnered attention due to his denial of climate change and his views on the European Union and social policy.

Eternity puzzle
The Eternity puzzle is a tiling puzzle created by Christopher Monckton and launched by the Ertl Company in June 1999. It was marketed as being practically unsolvable, with a £1 million prize on offer for whoever could solve it within four years. The prize was paid out in October 2000 for a winning solution arrived at by two mathematicians from Cambridge. A follow-up prize puzzle called Eternity II was launched in 2007.
Powders (album)
Powders is the fifth studio album by American experimental musician Eartheater. It was released September 20, 2023, via Chemical X under exclusive license to Mad Decent. It is a sister album to the upcoming album titled Aftermath, expected for release in 2025/2026.

It was supported by the singles "Pure Smile Snake Venom" and "Chop Suey". The former single and "Crushing" feature music videos directed by Daniel Sannwald and Andrew Thomas Huang, respectively.

Eartheater (musician)
Alexandra Drewchin (Russian: Александра Дрючин, romanized: Aleksandra Dryuchin; born March 16, 1989), known professionally as Eartheater, is an American multi-instrumentalist, producer, composer and vocalist. Born in Pennsylvania to a Russian father and a British mother, she has been performing since 2009, and is currently based in Queens, New York. Her music has been released on independent labels Hausu Mountain and PAN.
Neftalí Rivera
Neftalí Rivera Oliveras (November 3, 1948 – December 23, 2017) was a Puerto Rican basketball player who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics and in the 1976 Summer Olympics. He holds the record for most points in a game in the Baloncesto Superior Nacional when he scored 79 points on May 22, 1974. In that game he achieved the record by making 34 field goals (all of them 2-pointers as the 3-pointers were not adopted back then) and 11 free throws. He died on December 23, 2017, at Auxilio Mutuo Hospital in Hato Rey, Puerto Rico, due to respiratory problems.

Baloncesto Superior Nacional
The Baloncesto Superior Nacional, abbreviated as BSN, is the first tier-level professional men's basketball league in Puerto Rico. It was founded in 1929 and is organized by the Puerto Rican Basketball Federation.

The Baloncesto Superior Nacional, which is played under FIBA rules, currently consists of 12
teams, of which the most successful has been the Vaqueros de Bayamón with 17 titles as of 2025.

The league has produced players that have distinguished themselves in the NBA, EuroLeague, Spain's ACB, and other tournaments throughout the world. Among them, Georgie Torres was the first Puerto Rican to sign an NBA contract & Butch Lee was the first BSN player to win an NBA title. Later on players including José Ortiz, Ramón Rivas, Daniel Santiago, Carlos Arroyo and J. J. Barea, started their careers playing for BSN teams and later played in the NBA.
Maciej Boryna
Maciej Boryna (born 28 March 1974 in Szprotawa/Sprottau) is a Polish journalist and scientific researcher, author of many books of Silesian history, founder and director of Regional History Museum F.Matuszkiewicz's in Szprotawa, co-founder and first president of Lower Silesian Forest Institute, state keeper of monuments and nature, alderman in Szprotawa (2006–2010), member in Żagański-District board of directors (since 2010), member of the Sword of Freedom.

Director of researching program "Silesian Walls" and "Chrobry fortified village in Szprotawa", designer of forest preserve "Slavic Park". Awarded by Polish Ministry of Culture and National Heritage (2008), medal of Honored for Commune Szprotawa (2002).

2017-2018 he has successfully fought about close of the minacious landfill site in Kartowice (Poland), 2018 falsely accused of character assassination regarding the company Suez Zachód, won a lawsuit 2019.

Silesian Walls
The Silesian Walls (Polish: Wały Śląskie, German: Dreigräben) are a line of three (or sometimes fewer) parallel earthen ramparts and ditches that run through Lower Silesia in Poland, by the towns Szprotawa and Kożuchów.  The walls are about 2.5 metres tall and, at their widest, 47 metres.  They run for about 30 kilometres. It is hypothesized by Maciej Boryna of the Muzeum Ziemi Szprotawskiej that the Silesia Walls were the southwest border of the Duchy of Głogów and built in 1413–1467. It is possible that rather than being military in nature the walls were designed as a type of landwehr to reduce smuggling.
Apostolic Vicariate of Hosanna
The Apostolic Vicariate of Hosanna is a Catholic pre-diocesan missionary jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Church in Ethiopia (a country which is mostly Oriental Orthodox, of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church).

It is exempt, i.e. directly subject to the Holy See via the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples), not part of any ecclesiastical conference.

Its cathedral episcopal see since 2010 is a St. Joseph's cathedral, which was built in 1999 and dedicated to the diocesan patron saint, in Hosanna.

Apostolic Vicariate of Soddo
The Apostolic Vicariate of Soddo (Latin: Vicariatus Apostolicus Soddensis) is a Roman Catholic apostolic vicariate located in the city of Sodo in Ethiopia.

The Vicariate Apostolic of Soddo comprises Wolayta, Dawro, Gamu Gofa, North and South Omo zones and Derashe, Konso and Konta special Weredas; all in Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region.
Neuroterus saltatorius
Neuroterus saltatorius, also known as the jumping gall wasp, is a species of oak gall wasp. It is found in North America, where it induces galls on a variety of oak trees, including Oregon oak, valley oak, California scrub oak, blue oak, and leather oak.

Like other oak gall wasps, it has two generations: a bisexual generation, and a parthenogenetic female generation. The all-female generation's galls appear in late spring. These round, 1 mm across galls occur on the underside of leaves, and eventually detach and fall into the leaf litter. Adults emerge early the following spring and lay eggs for the bisexual generation. This generation induces galls that are integral to the leaf.

Adult wasps are .75 millimetres (0.030 in) long, brown and/or black, with reddish legs.

Quercus garryana
Quercus garryana is an oak tree species found most commonly in the Pacific Northwest, with a range stretching from southern California to southwestern British Columbia. It is commonly known as the Garry oak, Oregon white oak or Oregon oak. It is named for Nicholas Garry, deputy governor of the Hudson's Bay Company.
Tengku Alam Shah
Tengku Alam Shah, Tengku Ali Iskandar Shah was a prince of the House of Bendahara (Johor), and was the oldest son of Sultan Ali, the 19th Sultan of Johor by his second wife, Daing Siti. Following his father's death in 1877, Tengku Alam and his supporters made an active pursuit to his claims for the Kesang territory and was publicly proclaimed as the Sultan of Johor and Pahang with the regnal name of Alauddin Alam Shah during his marriage ceremony in 1879.

The proclamation briefly alarmed Maharaja Abu Bakar, who feared that his political position may be threatened. Within the same year, a brief civil war erupted in Jementah, after repeated attempts to get his claims to the Kesang territory being recognised failed.

Jementah Civil War
The Jementah Civil War broke out in 1879 in Jementah in northern Johor when Tengku Alam Shah, the heir of late Sultan Ali of the autonomous principality of Muar refused to surrender the principality to the central administration of Abu Bakar, the then Maharaja of Johor.

The aftermath of the conflict led to the consolidation of Johor's rules over Muar territory again and the opening of Muar town by Sultan Abu Bakar as the first sultan of modern Johor.
Landing, New Jersey
Landing is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Roxbury Township, Morris County, New Jersey, United States. The community is located at the south end of Lake Hopatcong near Hopatcong State Park. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP Code 07850.

As of the 2020 census, the population of the CDP was 4,296.

Hopatcong State Park
Hopatcong State Park is a state park in the Landing section of Roxbury, New Jersey, United States. Operated and maintained by the New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry, the park consists of two parcels of land: one that encompasses Lake Hopatcong and some of its southwestern shore, and another that encompasses Lake Musconetcong about one mile to the west-southwest.

The park contains remnants of Morris Canal, which operated from the 1830s to the 1920s and was largely fed by the lake. The park is also home to the Lake Hopatcong Historical Museum, housed in the former home of the lock tender and his family.
Ravindra Sathe
Ravindra Sathe  (born 7 February 1951) is an Indian playback singer in Marathi film industry. He was the original cast and crew member of famous Marathi theatre play Ghashiram Kotwal. He had been awarded Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer 10 times.

Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer
The Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Playback Singer Male is an honour established in 1962, and presented at the Maharashtra State Film Awards for best male playback singer in Marathi cinema.

The first recipient of the award was Talat Mahmood who was honoured for his song "Yash Hain Amrut Zale" for the film Putra Vhava Aisa in 1962. Suresh Wadkar is the most frequent winner having won eleven awards. Ravindra Sathe has won it ten times. Sudhir Phadke has won it five times whereas Ajay Gogavale has won it three times. Hridaynath Mangeshkar, Jaywant Kulkarni, Rahul Deshpande and Shankar Mahadevan have won the award twice each.
Le Ménestrel
Le Ménestrel (French pronunciation: [lə menɛstʁɛl], The Minstrel) was an influential French music journal published weekly from 1833 until 1940. It was founded by Joseph-Hippolyte l'Henry and originally printed by Poussièlgue. In 1840 it was acquired by the music publishers Heugel and remained with the company until the journal's demise at the beginning of World War II. With the closure of its chief rival, La Revue et gazette musicale de Paris in 1880, Le Ménestrel became France's most prestigious and longest-running music journal.

Heugel (music publisher)
Heugel was a French music publishing company, founded in 1839, that became one of the most prolific and ubiquitous businesses of its kind in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. It was taken over in 1980 by Alphonse Leduc and dissolved in 2014.