hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steve Jackson Games, Inc. v. United States Secret Service
Steve Jackson Games, Inc. v. United States Secret Service, 816 F. Supp. 432 (W.D. Tex. 1993), was a lawsuit arising from a 1990 raid by the United States Secret Service on the headquarters of Steve Jackson Games (SJG) in Austin, Texas. The raid, along with the Secret Service's unrelated Operation Sundevil, was influential in the founding of the  Electronic Frontier Foundation.

Electronic Frontier Foundation
The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) is an American international non-profit digital rights group based in San Francisco, California. It was founded in 1990 to promote Internet civil liberties.

It provides funds for legal defense in court, presents amicus curiae briefs, defends individuals and new technologies from what it considers abusive legal threats, works to expose government malfeasance, provides guidance to the government and courts, organizes political action and mass mailings, supports some new technologies which it believes preserve personal freedoms and online civil liberties, maintains a database and web sites of related news and information, monitors and challenges potential legislation that it believes would infringe on personal liberties and fair use, and solicits a list of what it considers are abusive patents with intentions to defeat those that it considers are without merit.
Otonycteris
Otonycteris is a genus of vesper bats. Members of this genus are found in Northern Africa and Central Asia. Until recently, it was thought to be monotypic, but in 2010, the Turkestani long-eared bat was distinguished from the desert long-eared bat; previously, all populations were recognized as the desert long-eared bat.

Currently, it consists of two species:

Desert long-eared bat (Otonycteris hemprichii)
Subspecies
Otonycteris hemprichii hemprichii: found in North Africa, the Levant, and the Middle East
Otonycteris hemprichii cinerea: found in the mountains of Iran and Oman
Otonycteris hemprichii jin:  found in low-elevation deserts of the eastern Arabian Peninsula and southeast Iran

Turkestani long-eared bat (Otonycteris leucophaea)

Turkestani long-eared bat
The Turkestani long-eared bat (Otonycteris leucophaea) is a species of bat found in Asia. Though it was initially described in 1873 as a species, for many years it was considered synonymous with the desert long-eared bat, Otonycteris hemprichii. Recently, it was recognized as a distinct species once again.
Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)
The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia; French: Royaume d'Italie) was a kingdom in Northern Italy (formerly the Italian Republic) that was a client state of Napoleon's French Empire. It was fully influenced by revolutionary France and ended with Napoleon's defeat and fall. Its government was assumed by Napoleon as King of Italy and the viceroyalty delegated to his stepson Eugène de Beauharnais. It covered some of Piedmont and the modern regions of Lombardy, Veneto, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Trentino, South Tyrol, and Marche. Napoleon I also ruled the rest of northern and central Italy in the form of Nice, Aosta, Piedmont, Liguria, Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio, but directly as part of the French Empire (as departments), rather than as part of a vassal state.

At its peak, the kingdom covered 84,000 square kilometers and had a population of 6.5 million.

Eugène de Beauharnais
Eugène Rose de Beauharnais (French: [øʒɛn d(ə) boaʁnɛ]; 3 September 1781 – 21 February 1824) was a French statesman and military officer who served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Through the second marriage of his mother, Joséphine de Beauharnais, he was the stepson of Napoleon Bonaparte. Under the French Empire, he also became Napoleon's adopted son (but not the heir to the imperial throne). He was Viceroy of the Kingdom of Italy under his stepfather, from 1805 to 1814, and commanded the Army of Italy during the Napoleonic Wars. Historians consider him one of Napoleon's most able relatives.
Yee Fu (constituency)
Yee Fu is one of the 19 constituencies in the Tai Po District.

The constituency returns one district councillor to the Tai Po District Council, with an election every four years. The seat was currently held by Yam Kai-bong of the Neo Democrats.

Yee Fu constituency is loosely based on Yee Nga Court and most part of Fu Shin Estate in Tai Po with estimated population of 14,644.

Fu Shin Estate
Fu Shin Estate (Chinese: 富善邨) is a mixed TPS and public housing estate in Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong, built on the reclaimed land of Tai Po Hoi. It consists of six residential blocks built in 1985. Some of the flats were sold to tenants through Tenants Purchase Scheme Phase 6B in 2005.

Ming Nga Court (明雅苑) and Yee Nga Court (怡雅苑) are Home Ownership Scheme housing courts in Tai Po near Fu Shin Estate, built in 1985 and 1993 respectively.
Pierre micropolitan area
The Pierre Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in South Dakota, anchored by the state capital city, Pierre. As of the 2020 census, the μSA had a population of 20,750	 (though a July 1, 2023 estimate placed the population at 20,667). It is the smallest metropolitan or micropolitan statistical area in the U.S. to be centered on a state capital.

Pierre, South Dakota
Pierre (/pɪər/ PEER) is the capital city of the U.S. state of South Dakota and the county seat of Hughes County.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 14,091. Pierre is the eleventh-most populous city of South Dakota, and the second-least populous U.S. state capital (after only Montpelier, Vermont).

Founded in 1880 on the Missouri River, the city was selected to be the state capital when South Dakota was admitted as a state in 1889. Near the center of the state, the then-new settlement was across the river from the settlement of Fort Pierre, and near what became an important railroad crossing of the river.
Sangli district
Sangli district (Marathi pronunciation: [saːŋɡli]) is a district of Maharashtra state in India. Sangli city is the district headquarters. It is bordered by Satara district, Solapur district to the North, Karnataka state to the South-East, by Kolhapur district to South-West and by narrow portion on the East side to Ratnagiri district. It is present on the southern tip of Maharashtra.

The district is 31.11% urban. Sangli and Miraj are the largest cities. The second oldest industrial township like Kirloskarwadi (Palus) is also located in Sangli district. Industrialist Laxmanrao Kirloskar started his first factory here. It is known as the sugar bowl of India due to its high sugarcane productivity. Sangli district is one of the most fertile and highly developed districts in Maharashtra. The district is very popular as a political powerhouse in the state. It has provided many politicians and bureaucrats and is often referred to as the Heaven of Farmers.

Ratnagiri district
Ratnagiri district (Marathi pronunciation: [ɾət̪n̪aːɡiɾiː]) is a district in the state of Maharashtra, India. The administrative headquarter of the district is located in the town of Ratnagiri. The district is 11.34% urban. The district is bounded by the Arabian Sea to the west, Sindhudurg district to the south, Raigad district to the north and Satara, Sangli and Kolhapur districts to the east. This district is part of Konkan division.
Natakamani
Natakamani, also called Aqrakamani, was a king of Kush who reigned from Meroë in the middle of the 1st century CE. He ruled as co-regent together with his mother Amanitore. Natakamani is the best attested ruler of the Meroitic period. He and Amanitore may have been contemporaries of the Roman emperor Nero.

Amanitore
Amanitore, also spelled Amanitere or Amanitare, was a queen regnant of the Kingdom of Kush, ruling from Meroë in the middle of the 1st century AD. She ruled together with her son, Natakamani. The co-reign of Amanitore and Natakamani is a very well attested period and appears to have been a prosperous time. They may have been contemporaries of the Roman emperor Nero.
Emscripten
Emscripten is an LLVM/Clang-based compiler that compiles C and C++ source code to WebAssembly, primarily for execution in web browsers.

Emscripten allows applications and libraries written in C or C++ to be compiled ahead of time and run efficiently in web browsers, typically at speeds comparable to or faster than interpreted or dynamically compiled JavaScript. It even emulates an entire POSIX operating system, enabling programmers to use functions from the C standard library (libc).

With the more recent development of the WebAssembly System Interface (WASI) and WebAssembly runtimes such as Node.js, Wasmtime, and Wasmer, Emscripten can also be used to compile to WebAssembly for execution in non-Web embeddings as well.

WebAssembly
WebAssembly (Wasm) defines a portable binary-code format and a corresponding text format for executable programs as well as software interfaces for facilitating communication between such programs and their host environment.

The main goal of WebAssembly is to facilitate high-performance applications on web pages, but it is also designed to be usable in non-web environments. It is an open standard intended to support any language on any operating system, and in practice many of the most popular languages already have at least some level of support.

Announced in 2015 (2015) and first released in March 2017 (2017-03), WebAssembly became a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendation on 5 December 2019 and it received the Programming Languages Software Award from ACM SIGPLAN in 2021. The W3C maintains the standard with contributions from Mozilla, Microsoft, Google, Apple, Fastly, Intel, and Red Hat.
Jay Wheeler
José Ángel López Martínez (born April 25, 1994), known by his stage name Jay Wheeler, is a Puerto Rican singer and songwriter. Wheeler first became widely known after a video of him singing went viral in 2016, after which he began pursuing a career as a musician. Signing with Dynamic Records in 2018, his debut album Platónico was released the following year, executively produced by DJ Nelson. His second effort, Platónicos, again produced by DJ Nelson, was released in 2020, and contained the successful single "La Curiosidad" featuring Myke Towers, which peaked at #5 on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart.

Myke Towers
Michael Anthony Torres Monge (born January 15, 1994), known professionally as Myke Towers, is a Puerto Rican rapper and singer. He was recognized as New Artist of the Year by the Billboard Latin Music Awards in 2021 and has been nominated at the Latin Grammys. To date, Towers has released 7 studio albums and is co-managed by One World International and S10 Entertainment.
West Quarter Dome
West Quarter Dome is a granodiorite dome, in the Tenaya Canyon area of Yosemite National Park. It is composed of Half Dome Granodiorite.

There are two domes, West Quarter Dome and East Quarter Dome, and they are right next to each other.

Ansel Adams took a photo, Glacial Erratic on East Quarter Dome Showing Half Dome in Background, on East Quarter Dome.

Tenaya Canyon
Tenaya Canyon is a dramatic and dangerous canyon in Yosemite National Park, California, USA, that runs from the outlet of Tenaya Lake 10 miles down to Yosemite Valley, carrying water in Tenaya Creek through a series of spectacular cascades and pools and thence into a deep canyon below Cloud's Rest, a giant granite mountain adjacent to Half Dome. Waterfalls on the creek inside the canyon include Pywiack Cascade (named for Pywiack Dome) and Three Chute Falls, near Mirror Lake.

The top of the canyon can be seen from Tioga Pass Road (Route 120), which goes through Tuolumne Meadows and Tioga Pass. From Olmsted Point (a roadside viewing area), Clouds Rest and Yosemite's signature Half Dome dominate the canyon. At the bottom of the canyon, in Yosemite Valley, lies Mirror Lake, accessible by shuttle bus and a short walk. The Quarter Domes are not far, up Tenaya Canyon.
Yugpurush (play)
Yugpurush: Mahatma Na Mahatma is a 2016 Gujarati play based on the relationship between Jain philosopher Shrimad Rajchandra and Indian independence leader Mahatma Gandhi. The play depicts the spiritual journey of Gandhi. It is written by Uttam Gada and directed by Rajesh Joshi. The original song for the play is composed by Sachin–Jigar. It is produced by Shrimad Rajchandra Mission, Dharampur and inspired by its founder Pujya Gurudevshri Rakeshbhai. The play is adapted into seven total languages including English, Bengali, Hindi, Marathi, Tamil and Kannada. It won the Best Drama award at the 16th Annual Transmedia Gujarati Screen and Stage Awards 2016.
The play has completed 1004 shows as of November 2017.

Rakesh Jhaveri
Rakesh Jhaveri, also known as Pujya Gurudevshri Rakeshji, (born 26 September 1966) is a spiritual leader, mystic, scholar of Jainism, author and orator from India. Spiritually inclined from a young age, he is a follower of Shrimad Rajchandra, a Jain spiritual teacher. He completed doctoral studies on Shrimad's work Atmasiddhi. He founded Shrimad Rajchandra Mission, Dharampur which supports spiritual and social activities.
Rob Liefeld
Robert Liefeld (/ˈlaɪfɛld/; born October 3, 1967) is an American comic book creator. A prominent writer and artist in the 1990s, he is known for co-creating the character Cable with writer Louise Simonson and the character Deadpool with writer Fabian Nicieza. In the early 1990s, Liefeld gained popularity due to his work on Marvel Comics' The New Mutants and later X-Force. In 1992, he and several other popular Marvel illustrators left the company to found Image Comics, which started a wave of comic books owned by their creators rather than by publishers. The first book published by Image Comics was Liefeld's Youngblood #1.

Liefeld has been called one of the most controversial figures in the comic industry for his drawing skills, business practices, and controversial comments.

Fabian Nicieza
Fabian Nicieza (/niːsiˈɛsə/; December 31, 1961) is an Argentine-American comic book writer and editor who is best known for his work on Marvel titles such as X-Men, X-Force, New Warriors, Nomad, Cable, Gambit, Deadpool and Thunderbolts, for all of which he helped create numerous characters, among them Adam X, Deadpool, Domino, Feral, G. W. Bridge, Kwannon, Shatterstar, and Silhouette. He also created and wrote the WEBTOON series Outrage.
North Shore (Chicago)
In the context of the Chicago metropolitan area, the North Shore refers to a string of affluent suburbs stretching north of the city proper on the shores of Lake Michigan. Located in Cook and Lake Counties along Metra's Union Pacific North Line, these communities are (from south to north) Wilmette, Kenilworth, Winnetka, Glencoe, Highland Park, Highwood, Lake Forest, and Lake Bluff. Communities like Deerfield, Riverwoods, Bannockburn, Northfield, Northbrook, and Glenview—which are all slightly further inland—are also sometimes considered part of this region, although their inclusion is contested. Apart from its wealth, the North Shore is also known for its proximity to the lake, high levels of educational attainment, and highly rated public schools. Some of the wealthiest zip codes in the United States are located in the North Shore; Lake County is the third-wealthiest county in Illinois and among the wealthiest in the U.S.

Lake Forest, Illinois
Lake Forest is a city in Lake County, Illinois, United States. The population was 19,367 at the 2020 census. The city is along the shore of Lake Michigan, and is part of the Chicago metropolitan area and the North Shore. Lake Forest was founded with Lake Forest College and was laid out as a town in 1857, a stop for travelers making their way south to Chicago. The Lake Forest City Hall, designed by Charles Sumner Frost, was completed in 1898. It originally housed the fire department, the Lake Forest Library, and city offices.
Paul Colman
Paul Colman (born 1967) is a British-Australian pop-rock guitarist, vocalist, pianist, and composer. He has earned recognition as a Christian musician both independently and as part of his band, the Paul Colman Trio, as a solo artist, and with the band Newsboys. His songwriting talents have been recognized with a Grammy nomination and several Dove Awards.

Colman was born and raised in London to an Australian father and a British mother. At the age of seven, his father transitioned from a successful career in theatre and music to a life of ministry in Australia. His father became a long-standing Associate Pastor at Melbourne's Crossway Baptist Church and was a well known gospel singer. It was in Melbourne that Colman began his musical journey, forming his first band at the age of eleven. Early on,  however, he did not take music seriously and focused on career as a high-school teacher of history, English, and religion.

Newsboys
Newsboys (sometimes stylised as newsboys) is a Christian rock band that has existed in various permutations since its founding in 1985 in Mooloolaba, Queensland, Australia, by Peter Furler and George Perdikis. Now based in Nashville, Tennessee, in the United States, the band has released 17 studio albums, six of which have been certified gold. As of 2025, the band consists of guitarist Jody Davis, keyboardist Jeff Frankenstein, drummer, and percussionist Duncan Phillips, and lead vocalist, and bassist Adam Agee (formerly of Stellar Kart and Audio Adrenaline); no founding members remain in the lineup. In addition to performing music, the band has appeared in the films God's Not Dead, God's Not Dead 2, and God's Not Dead: A Light in Darkness.
Rereahu
Rereahu was a Māori rangatira (chieftain) of Ngāti Raukawa in the Tainui tribal confederation from the Waikato region, New Zealand. He probably lived in the first half of the seventeenth century. He is the ancestor of the Ngāti Maniapoto, Ngāti Hauā, and Ngāti Korokī Kahukura iwi, and of Rereahu, a group based around  Maniaiti / Benneydale, Pureora, and Maraeroa in Waitomo District, whose status as a separate iwi or as a hapū (sub-tribe) of Ngāti Maniapoto is a matter of dispute.

Ngāti Maniapoto
Ngāti Maniapoto is an iwi (tribe) based in the Waikato-Waitomo region of New Zealand's North Island. It is part of the Tainui confederation, the members of which trace their whakapapa (genealogy) back to people who arrived in New Zealand on the waka (canoe) Tainui. The 2018 New Zealand census reports show an estimated population of 45,930 people who affiliated with Maniapoto, making it the 9th most-populous iwi in New Zealand.
Mars Desert Research Station
The Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS) is the largest and longest-running Mars surface research facility and is one of two simulated Mars analog habitats owned and operated by the Mars Society.

The MDRS station was built in the early 2000s near Hanksville, Utah, in the western United States. It is crewed by small teams who conduct scientific research.

The MDRS campus includes a two-story habitat with a greenhouse, a solar and a robotic observatory, an engineering pod and a science building.

Hanksville, Utah
Hanksville is a small town in Wayne County, Utah, United States, at the junction of State Routes 24 and 95. The population was 158 at the 2020 census.

Situated in the Colorado Plateau's cold desert ecological region, the town is just south of the confluence of the Fremont River and Muddy Creek, which together form the Dirty Devil River, which then flows southeast to the Colorado River. The Hanksville-Burpee Quarry is located nearby, and the Mars Desert Research Station is 7 miles (11 km) northwest of town. The Bureau of Land Management's Henry Mountains field station is located in Hanksville.
Central Rook vs Side Pawn
Central Rook vs Side Pawn is an older joseki for a Central Rook position by White played against a Static Rook position played by Black that captures White's side pawn on 34. (Cf. the Double Static Rook Side Pawn Capture opening.)

It was seen up until the 1950s-1980s but is now no longer used by professional players as the judgment of the position then appeared to strongly favor Black.

An example of this opening occurred in the meijin match between Masao Tsukada (塚田正夫) and Yoshio Kimura (木村義雄) on June 6, 1947.

Static Rook
Static Rook (居飛車 ibisha) openings is one of two major opening strategies in shogi. In the opening, the major piece of the rook fights from its starting position on the right side of the board (the 2nd file for Black, Sente, and the 8th file for White, Gote). In contrast, the other major opening deploys the rook to the center or left half of the board in the opening, and is known as Ranging Rook or Swinging Rook (振り飛車 furibisha).
Barbershop arranging
Barbershop arranging is the art of creating arrangements of barbershop music. Barbershop Harmony Society (BHS) and Sweet Adelines International (SAI) have prescribed rules that dictate what is an acceptable arrangement, particularly with regard to singing in competition. This makes barbershop arranging a specialist form of arranging, rarely tackled by those outside barbershop; likewise, barbershop arrangers tend to be known only for their barbershop arrangements rather than for their work in any other musical form.

Sweet Adelines International
Sweet Adelines International is a worldwide organization of women singers, established in 1945, committed to advancing the musical art form of barbershop harmony through education and performances. This independent, nonprofit music education association is one of the world's largest singing organizations for women.  "Harmonize the World" is the organization's motto. It has a current membership of 23,000 and holds an annual international singing competition.
Nikolay Kamensky
Count Nikolay Mikhailovich Kamensky (Russian: Николай Михайлович Каменский; 27 December 1776 – 4 May 1811) was a Russian general, younger son of Field Marshal Count Mikhail Fedotovich Kamensky and his wife, Princess Anna Pavlovna Shcherbatova (1749-1826).

Sergei Kamensky
Count Sergei Mikhailovich Kamensky (Russian: Серге́й Миха́йлович Каме́нский; November 5, 1771 – December 8, 1834) was a Russian infantry general who served in the Napoleonic Wars. The victor at the storming of Bazargic and the battle of Shumen.
Galeras
Galeras (Urcunina among the 16th-century indigenous people) is an Andean stratovolcano in the Colombian department of Nariño, near the departmental capital Pasto. Its summit rises 4,276 metres (14,029 ft) above sea level. It has erupted frequently since the Spanish conquest, with its first historical eruption being recorded on December 7, 1580. A 1993 eruption killed nine people, including six scientists who had descended into the volcano's crater to sample gases and take gravity measurements in an attempt to be able to predict future eruptions. It is currently the most active volcano in Colombia.

Pasto, Colombia
Pasto, officially San Juan de Pasto (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ ˈxwan de ˈpasto]; "Saint John of Pasto"), is the capital of the department of Nariño, in southern Colombia. Pasto was founded in 1537 and named after indigenous people of the area. In the 2018 census, the municipality had a population of 392,930. Pasto is located in the Atriz Valley on the Andes cordillera, at the foot of the Galeras volcano.
Jinsoul
Jeong Jin-sol (Korean: 정진솔; born June 13, 1997), known professionally as Jinsoul (occasionally stylized as JinSoul), is a South Korean singer and rapper. She is a member of Loona, its sub-unit Odd Eye Circle, and Artms. In April 2020, her song "As Time Goes" debuted at number two on Billboard's World Digital Song Sales chart.

Odd Eye Circle
Odd Eye Circle (Korean: 오드 아이 써클; commonly stylized in all caps, or abbreviated as OEC) is a South Korean girl group, consisting of three members: Kim Lip, Jinsoul, and Choerry.

The trio originally formed as the second sub-unit of girl group Loona through their pre-debut project "Girl of the Month" and debuted on September 21, 2017, with their EP Mix & Match. Contracted at first with Blockberry Creative, the trio later signed with Modhaus after lawsuits against BlockBerry, resuming their activities with the release of their second EP <Version Up> on July 12, 2023.