hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pepper Potts (Marvel Cinematic Universe)
Virginia "Pepper" Potts is a fictional character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. Portrayed by Gwyneth Paltrow, she is depicted as Tony Stark's personal assistant and later his love interest, ultimately becoming his wife. In later installments in the MCU, Pepper takes over operation of his company, Stark Industries, as Stark moves on to focus on serving as Iron Man. In later films, Potts assists Stark and the Avengers with her own powered suit Rescue.

As of 2022, Potts has appeared in seven films, most recently in Avengers: Endgame (2019). Alternate versions of Potts also appear in the animated series What If...? (2021).

Teams and organizations of the Marvel Cinematic Universe
The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe centered on superhero films and other series starring various titular superheroes independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters. Over the course of the films and related media (such as Disney+ miniseries), several teams and organizations have been formed, each with different aims and purposes.
Maclear, South Africa
Maclear, officially Nqanqarhu, is a small town situated in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, near the Mooi River (a tributary of the Tsitsa River), 172 km (107 mi) north of East London and 80 km (50 mi) northeast of Elliot.

It lies just north-east of Ugie. The land to the east and south was part of the former homeland of Transkei.

The Eastern Grasslands landscape around Nqanqarhu includes sustainable grazing and wool value-chain initiatives involving Conservation South Africa.

Ugie, South Africa
Ugie is a town in Joe Gqabi District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.

Town at the southern foot of the Drakensberg, 18 km south-west of Maclear. It developed from a mission station at Gatberg, established in 1863 by William Murray and named Ugie by him, after the Ugie River in Scotland, where he was born. The town was founded in 1885, and in 1916 a village management board was instituted.
Lanfranc
Lanfranc OSB (1005 x 1010 – 24 May 1089) was an Italian-born English churchman, monk and scholar. Born in Italy, he moved to Normandy to become a Benedictine monk at Bec. He served successively as prior of Bec Abbey and abbot of St Stephen's Abbey in Caen, Normandy and then as Archbishop of Canterbury in England, following its conquest by William the Conqueror. He is also variously known as Lanfranc of Pavia (Italian: Lanfranco di Pavia), Lanfranc of Bec (French: Lanfranc du Bec), and Lanfranc of Canterbury (Latin: Lanfrancus Cantuariensis). In his lifetime, he was regarded as the greatest theologian of his generation.

Abbey of Saint-Étienne, Caen
The Abbey of Saint-Étienne, also known as Abbaye aux Hommes (French pronunciation: [abei oz‿ɔm], "Men's Abbey") by contrast with the Abbaye aux Dames ("Ladies' Abbey"), is a former Benedictine monastery in the French city of Caen, Normandy, dedicated to Saint Stephen. It was founded in 1063 by William the Conqueror and is one of the most important Romanesque buildings in Normandy.
Transport (Singapore Army)
Transport is the formation of the Singapore Army responsible for planning, commanding and providing transport support to the Army, ensuring that manpower, equipment and supplies are delivered to their destinations.

Singapore Army
The Singapore Army is the land service branch of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF). The largest of the four branches of the SAF, the Singapore Army traces its origins to the 1st Battalion, Singapore Infantry Regiment (1 SIR), which was formed in 1957, under British colonial rule. After Singapore's independence on 9 August 1965, the Singapore Army Bill was passed in Parliament on 23 December 1965, and National Service (NS) was subsequently introduced in 1967. Mostly made up of conscripts, the Singapore Army can mobilise all operationally-ready military reservists in the event of war or national exigencies.
Linn's Stamp News
Linn's Stamp News is an American weekly magazine for stamp collectors. It is published by Amos Media Co., which also publishes the Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue, the Scott Specialized Catalogue of United States Stamps and Covers, and the Scott Classic Specialized Catalogue of Stamps and Covers 1840–1940. Linn's was founded in 1928 by George W. Linn as Linn's Weekly Stamp News.

The size of the paper shrank in late 2007.

George Ward Linn
George Ward Linn (February 7, 1884 – March 28, 1966), of Ohio, was a philatelist who published philatelic literature extensively and was the founder of Linn's Weekly Stamp News in 1928, the philatelic journal for which he is most famous.
André Breton
André Robert Breton (/brəˈtɔːn/; French: [ɑ̃dʁe ʁɔbɛʁ bʁətɔ̃]; 19 February 1896 – 28 September 1966) was a French writer and poet, known as a principal theorist and co-founder of surrealism. His writings include the first Surrealist Manifesto (Manifeste du surréalisme) of 1924, in which he defined surrealism as "pure psychic automatism".

Along with his role as leader of the surrealist movement he is the author of celebrated books such as Nadja and L'Amour fou. Those activities, combined with his critical and theoretical work on writing and the plastic arts, made André Breton a major figure in 20th-century French art and literature.

Surrealist Manifesto
The Surrealist Manifesto refers to several publications by Yvan Goll and André Breton, leaders of rival surrealist groups. Goll and Breton both published manifestos in October 1924 titled Manifeste du surréalisme. Breton wrote a second manifesto in 1929, which was published the following year, and in 1942, a reflection or a commentary on the potential for a third manifesto, exploring how the Surrealist movement might adapt to changing times.
Mearim River
The Mearim River (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [meaˈɾĩ]) is a river in Maranhão state of northern Brazil. The river originates in the southern part of Maranhão, and drains north into the Baía de São Marcos, an estuary that also receives the Pindaré and Grajaú rivers, which are sometimes considered tributaries of the Mearim. The lower Mearim is known for its pororoca, or tidal bore.

The Mearim is approximately 800 kilometers long, flowing through the marshlands of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. It meets the Atlantic Ocean at the Sao Marcos Bay, where it forms a common estuary with another river, Pindare. The Mearim's primary source of water is rain. The river's upper and middle courses are characterized by rapids. Only the lower sections of the Mearim are suitable for navigation.
The river defines the southern boundary of the Tocantins–Araguaia–Maranhão moist forests ecoregion.

Baía de São Marcos
The Baía de São Marcos is a bay of the Atlantic Ocean in Maranhão state of northeastern Brazil.

The bay is an estuary approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) long and up to 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) wide. It receives several rivers, including the Grajaú, Mearim, and Pindaré. The Mearim is known for its pororoca, or tidal bore.

São Luís Island, also known as Maranhão Island, separates the Baía de São Marcos from the Baía de São Jose just to the east. São Luís Island is home to São Luís, Maranhão's capital.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Maranhão". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 668.
Godefroy de La Tour d'Auvergne
Godefroy de La Tour d'Auvergne (Godefroy Charles Henri; 26 January 1728, Paris – 3 December 1792) was a member of the House of La Tour d'Auvergne, the Sovereign Dukes of Bouillon. He was subsequently the penultimate Duke of Bouillon succeeding his father in 1771.

Jacques Léopold de La Tour d'Auvergne
Jacques Léopold de La Tour d'Auvergne (Jacques Léopold Charles Godefroy; 15 January 1746 – 7 February 1802) was a member of the House of La Tour d'Auvergne, the sovereign dukes of Bouillon. He was the last Duke of Bouillon succeeding his father in 1792.
Dark Matter (film)
Dark Matter  is a 2007 American drama film and the first feature film by opera director Chen Shi-zheng, starring Liu Ye, Aidan Quinn and Meryl Streep. Liu Ye plays a young scientist whose rising star must confront the dark forces of politics, ego, and cultural insensitivity. The film is loosely inspired by the true story of Gang Lu, a former graduate student who killed four faculty members and one student at the University of Iowa in 1991. However, the film’s story has substantial differences in plot and character motivation.

The film premiered at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Alfred P. Sloan Prize.

1991 University of Iowa shooting
The University of Iowa shooting was a mass shooting that occurred in Iowa City, Iowa, on November 1, 1991. Gang Lu, a 28-year-old former graduate student at the University of Iowa, killed three members of the Physics and Astronomy Department faculty, an Associate Vice President for Academic Affairs, and a fellow student, then seriously injured another student working at the university's campus, before committing suicide. It is the deadliest school shooting in Iowa history.
Columbus Public Health
Columbus Public Health is the health department of Columbus, Ohio. The department is accredited by the Public Health Accreditation Board. The department dates to 1833, when the city's mayor appointed five citizens to help with its cholera outbreak. It became a permanent body to activate whenever health emergencies arose.

Columbus Public Health is headquartered at 240 Parsons Avenue, a large building completed in 1874 for the Ohio Asylum for the Blind. The building and its campus were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and as part of the Columbus Near East Side District in 1978.

Columbus Near East Side District
The Columbus Near East Side District is a historic district in the Near East Side of Columbus, Ohio. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. A portion of the district, the Bryden Road District, was added to the Columbus Register of Historic Properties in 1990. An addition, the Columbus Near East Side Historic District-Parsons Avenue, was added to the register in 1983.

The Columbus Public Health building, the former Engine House No. 12 and Fair Avenue Elementary School, Franklin Park, and the Franklin Park Conservatory all lie within the National Register district. Both historic districts include the Joseph Warren Yost House at 1216 Bryden Road, designed by the prominent architect, as well as the Charles Frederick Myers house.
1+1 (Grin album)
1+1 is a 1972 album by Grin, featuring songs by their guitarist Nils Lofgren. As well as being an album in its own right, this was released by CBS in the UK as part of a 1976 double album set along with its predecessor Grin. The original LP was a gatefold. It had a photo of Nils on the front, with Bob & Bob on the back. The inside features triple exposure photos of the band members performing, giving the impression of motion. The sides are not labelled 1 and 2; instead, the first side is labelled "Rockin' Side" while the other is "Dreamy Side".

Nils Lofgren
Nils Hilmer Lofgren (born June 21, 1951) is an American rock musician, recording artist, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. Along with his work as a solo artist, he has been a member of Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band since 1984, a member of Crazy Horse, and the founder and frontman of the band Grin. In 2014, Lofgren was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the E Street Band.
Planet of the Children
"Planet of the Children" (Bulgarian: Планетата на децата, romanized: Planetata na detsata) is the debut single by Bulgarian child singer Krisia Todorova and pianists Hasan & Ibrahim. It represented Bulgaria at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2014, placing second with 147 points.

The song is about a fairy willing to wake the child inside everyone because wars, fear and famine do not exist on the children's planet, but goodness only.

Krisia Todorova
Krisia Marinova Todorova  (Bulgarian: Крисия Маринова Тодорова, born 1 June 2004) is a Bulgarian singer, composer and songwriter.

Along with the Hassan and Ibrahim Ignatov, she represented Bulgaria at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2014 in Malta with a song she made "Planet of the Children". They scored in second place, while receiving the most points from the press votes.

The following year she released "Discover", the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015 official song, in Arena Armeec, Sofia.,  "Planet of the Children" and "I'd like to draw a dream" at the "New Wave Junior" 2015 festival, in Sochi, Russian Federation.

in 2015, Todorova and the Seven-Eight Production Company received the NASO Grand Prize for their contribution to the social development of Bulgaria.
Wolf in the Fold
"Wolf in the Fold" is the fourteenth episode of the second season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek. Written by Robert Bloch and directed by Joseph Pevney, it was first broadcast on December 22, 1967.

In the episode, a series of horrific murders of women, on a world where such things never happen, points to Mr. Scott as the prime suspect.

Scotty (Star Trek)
Montgomery "Scotty" Scott is a fictional character in the science fiction franchise Star Trek. First portrayed by James Doohan in the original Star Trek series, Scotty also appears in the animated Star Trek series, 10 Star Trek films, the Star Trek: The Next Generation episode "Relics", and in numerous books, comics, and video games.

Simon Pegg has assumed the character and appeared in the Star Trek reboot (2009) and its sequels, Star Trek Into Darkness (2013) and Star Trek Beyond (2016). In 2023, a young version of Scotty appeared in the final episode of the second season of Star Trek: Strange New Worlds, portrayed by Martin Quinn, who would go on to play Scotty as a regular character in the third season. Later in 2023, an animated version of Scotty was played by Carlos Alazraqui in a Very Short Treks episode.
Lubāna
Lubāna (pronunciationⓘ; German: Lubahn) is a town situated in Madona Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia, situated by the Aiviekste river. It acquired a town status in 1992, and the current population is 1,453.

Lubāna has a Lutheran church (built 1868-1872, succeeded wooden churches built in 1648 and 1788) and a Catholic church, 1 nursery school and 1 secondary school.

Lubāna is also the administrative center of Indrāni Parish, but is located outside the borders of the parish.

Indrāni Parish
Indrāni Parish (Latvian: Indrānu pagasts) is an administrative unit of Madona Municipality, Latvia. The administrative center is located in the town of Lubāna, which is not a part of the parish.

Since 2021, the parish is a part of the local executive Lubāna Association (Latvian: Lubānas apvienība) together with Lubāna town. From 2007 to 2021, the parish was a part of Lubāna Municipality.
Marie Picasso
Marie Picasso (born Lilly Marie Pettersson on 24 April 1979) is a Swedish singer, host and model who first rose to fame as a housemate on the popular reality television show Big Brother, before going on to win the fourth series of the Swedish singing competition Idol.

Idol 2007 (Sweden)
The fourth season of Swedish Idol premiered on September 3, 2007, and continued until its grand finale on 7 December, when 28-year-old Marie Picasso was crowned winner. It was the first season to feature an all-female finale, and is to date the only season to crown a winner who had previously fallen into the 'bottom three' during the finals, with Picasso landing there twice. It was the first season to hold its grand finale at the Globen Arena in Stockholm, and to date holds the record for the largest live audience at an Idol final anywhere in the world, with a crowd of 16,000 people. The finale also featured a live performance by Kelly Clarkson. It was the final season to feature judges Daniel Breitholtz, Peter Swartling and Kishti Tomita, who all bowed out for various personal reasons. Season 4 of Idol is also credited with discovering the unique talent of runner-up Amanda Jenssen, who went on to achieve enormous commercial and critical success in Sweden.
Universidad Tecnológica de México
The Universidad Tecnológica de México (UNITEC) (Technological University of México) is a private university located in Mexico City, with campuses in the states of Guanajuato, Jalisco, México, and Querétaro. It offers high school, bachelor, and postgraduate programs. Ignacio Guerra Pellegaud founded it in 1966 and since 2008 is part of the Laureate International Universities Network. The UNITEC has 10 campuses: Cuitláhuac, Marina and Sur in Mexico City; Atizapán, Ecatepec, Los Reyes, and Toluca in the State of Mexico; Leon in the State of Guanajuato; Guadalajara in the State of Jalisco; and Querétaro in the State of Querétaro. Additionally, it has an Online Campus. UNITEC's total enrollment is higher than 90,000; more than 64,000 students are concentrated in the campuses of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, which makes it the largest private university in this country region.

Laureate Education
Laureate Education, Inc. is a company based in Miami, Florida, United States. The firm owns and operates Laureate International Universities, with campuses in Mexico and Peru.
The company is publicly traded on the Nasdaq.
Residual sodium carbonate index
The residual sodium carbonate (RSC) index of irrigation water or soil water is used to indicate the alkalinity hazard for soil.  The RSC index is used to find the suitability of the water for irrigation in clay soils which have a high cation exchange capacity. When dissolved sodium in comparison with dissolved calcium and magnesium is high in water, clay soil swells or undergoes dispersion which drastically reduces its infiltration capacity.

In the dispersed soil structure, the plant roots are unable to spread deeper into the soil due to lack of moisture. However, high RSC index water does not enhance the osmotic pressure to impede the off take of water by the plant roots unlike high salinity water. Clay soils irrigation with high RSC index water leads to fallow alkali soils formation.

Salinity
Salinity (/səˈlɪnɪti/) is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity). It is usually measured in g/L or g/kg (grams of salt per liter/kilogram of water; the latter is dimensionless and equal to ‰).

Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters and of biological processes within it, and is a thermodynamic state variable that, along with temperature and pressure, governs physical characteristics like the density and heat capacity of the water. These in turn are important for understanding ocean currents and heat exchange with the atmosphere.

A contour line of constant salinity is called an isohaline, or sometimes isohale.
Praha hlavní nádraží
Praha hlavní nádraží (IATA: XYG) is the largest railway station in Prague, Czech Republic. It opened in 1871 as Franz Josef Station, after Franz Joseph I of Austria. During the First Republic and from 1945 to 1948 the station was called Wilson Station (Czech: Wilsonovo nádraží), after the former President of the United States Woodrow Wilson.

The station is the largest Art Nouveau monument in the Czech Republic. Since 31 December 1976, it has been a cultural monument of the Czech Republic and since 1993 it has been part of the urban monument zone of Vinohrady, Žižkov and Vršovice.

In 2014, the station served 224,505 trains (610 daily) and more than 53,000,000 passengers (71,000 daily) and a number of regional, national and international trains, for which it is often the starting or final station. The station is connected to Prague Metro Line C and the Hlavní nádraží railway station.

Praha Masarykovo nádraží
Praha Masarykovo nádraží (English: Prague Masaryk railway station) is a terminal railway station near Republic Square (náměstí Republiky) in the New Town area of Prague, Czech Republic.

It was the first railway station in the city to serve steam trains, and the second oldest railway station in Prague (the first is Praha-Dejvice, formerly Bruska on the Lány Horse-drawn Railway). The station was designed by Antonín Jüngling and came into service in 1845.

During the Prague uprising against German occupation in 1945, the station was captured by the Waffen-SS on 8 May and 53 surrendered resistance fighters and non-combatants were massacred.

Nowadays the station only serves regional and suburban trains, because the larger Praha hlavní nádraží does not have enough capacity. In 2010 it served 48,838 trains and 9.6 million passengers. The station is currently being reconstructed, and will become the terminus of the planned railway connection with Václav Havel Airport Prague.
Tall Bull
Tall Bull (Hotóa'ôxháa'êstaestse; c. 1830 – July 11, 1869) was a chief of the Cheyenne Dog Soldiers. Of Cheyenne and Lakota parentage, like some of the other Dog Soldiers by that time, he identified as Cheyenne.

He was shot and killed in the Battle of Summit Springs in Colorado by Major Frank North, leader of the Pawnee Scouts.

Dog Soldiers
The Dog Soldiers or Dog Men (Cheyenne: Hotamétaneo'o) are historically one of six Cheyenne military societies. Beginning in the late 1830s, this society evolved into a separate, militaristic  band that played a dominant role in Cheyenne resistance to the westward expansion of the United States in the area of present-day Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, and Wyoming, where the Cheyenne had settled in the early nineteenth century.

After nearly half the Southern Cheyenne died in the cholera pandemic of 1849, many of the remaining Masikota band joined the Dog Soldiers. It effectively became a separate band, occupying the territory between the Northern and Southern Cheyenne. Its members often opposed policies of peace chiefs such as Black Kettle. In 1869, United States Army forces killed most of the band in the Battle of Summit Springs in Colorado Territory. The surviving Cheyenne societies became much smaller and more secretive in their operations.
Mamadi Souaré
Mamadi Souaré (born 10 January 1971), sometimes known as Passarella, is a Guinean professional football manager and former player who played as a right-back. As a player, he played for the Guinea national team, and he managed them from 2009 to 2010.

Guinea national football team
The Guinea national football team (French:  Équipe de football de Guinée) represents Guinea in men's international football and is controlled by the Guinean Football Federation. They have never qualified for the FIFA World Cup finals, and their best finish in the Africa Cup of Nations was runners-up in 1976. The team reached the quarter-finals in four recent tournaments (2004, 2006, 2008 and 2015). The team represents both FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).
El Oued Province
El Oued (Arabic: ولاية الوادي, Berber languages: ⴻⵍ oⵓⴻⴷ) is a Saharan province of Algeria (n° 39) dominated by Oued Souf. It was named after its eponymous capital. Notable towns include El Oued itself and Guemar.

Guemar
Guemar (Arabic: ﻗﻤﺎر) is a Saharan oasis town in Algeria near the Tunisian border, in the Oued Souf area of the El Oued Province, about 20 km north of El Oued.  It includes a zaouia and a border post. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 39,168, up from 29,185 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 3.0%.