hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Observatory chronometer
An observatory chronometer is a timepiece that has passed stringent testing and a slate of accuracy tests. Thus, the "observatory trial" developed as the standard process for determining accuracy of timepiece movements. If the chronometer passed the stringent testing, it would be certified.

In the world of mechanical timepieces, accuracy is paramount. In the times before electronics, mechanical timepieces called marine chronometers were developed to a very high degree of accuracy for use in maritime navigation. To test the accuracy of such marine chronometers, watchmakers looked to a phalanx of astronomical observatories located in Western Europe to conduct assessments of timepieces.

Chronometer watch
A chronometer (Ancient Greek: χρονόμετρον, khronómetron, "time measurer") is an extraordinarily accurate mechanical timepiece, with an original focus on the needs of maritime navigation. In Switzerland, timepieces certified by the Contrôle Officiel Suisse des Chronomètres (COSC) may be marked as Certified Chronometer or Officially Certified Chronometer. Outside Switzerland, equivalent bodies, such as the Japan Chronometer Inspection Institute, have in the past certified timepieces to similar standards, although use of the term has not always been strictly controlled.
Isotopes of cobalt
Naturally occurring cobalt, Co, consists of a single stable isotope, 59Co (thus, cobalt is a mononuclidic element). Twenty-eight radioisotopes have been characterized; the most stable are 60Co with a half-life of 5.2714 years, 57Co (271.81 days), 56Co (77.24 days), and 58Co (70.84 days). All other isotopes have half-lives of less than 18 hours and most of these have half-lives of less than 1 second. This element also has 19 meta states, of which the most stable is 58m1Co with a half-life of 8.85 hours.

The isotopes of cobalt range in atomic weight from 50Co to 78Co. The main decay mode for isotopes with atomic mass less than that of the stable isotope, 59Co, is electron capture to iron isotopes, and the main mode of decay for those with greater mass is beta decay to nickel isotopes.

Isotopes of nickel
Naturally occurring nickel (28Ni) consists of five stable isotopes; 58Ni, 60Ni, 61Ni, 62Ni and 64Ni; 58Ni is the most abundant at over 68%. 26 radioisotopes have been characterized; the most stable are 59Ni with a half-life of 81,000 years, 63Ni with a half-life of 101 years, and 56Ni  at 6.075 days. All the other radioactive isotopes have half-lives of less than 60 hours and most of these have half-lives of less than 30 seconds. This element also has 11 known meta states.
Musée de la Cinémathèque
The Musée de la cinémathèque (French pronunciation: [myze də la sinematɛk], Cinema Museum), formerly known as Musée du cinéma Henri-Langlois ([myze dy sinema ɑ̃ʁi lɑ̃ɡlwa], Henri Langlois Cinema Museum), is a museum of cinema history located in the Cinémathèque française, 51 rue de Bercy in the 12th arrondissement of Paris. It presents the living history of moving pictures and pre-cinema, from their origins to the present day and in all countries, with collections of more than 5,000 movie-related objects including cameras, movie scripts and sets, photographic stills, costumes worn by actors like Rudolph Valentino and Marilyn Monroe, and showed several early movies from the important collection of the Cinémathèque.

Cinémathèque française
The Cinémathèque française (French pronunciation: [sinematɛk fʁɑ̃sɛːz]; French cinematheque), founded in 1936, is a French non-profit film organization that holds one of the largest archives of film documents and film-related objects in the world. Based in Paris' 12th arrondissement, the archive offers daily screenings of films from around the world. It is the second oldest cinematheque in France, after Cinematheque de Saint-Etienne, which was founded in 1922.
Autumn Burke
Autumn Roxanne Burke (born November 23, 1973) is an American consultant and former politician who served as a member of the California State Assembly from 2014 until her resignation in 2022. The daughter of U.S. Congresswoman Yvonne Brathwaite Burke, she was the first child born to woman who was a sitting member of Congress. Originally in business, she entered politics in 2014 after incumbent Assemblyman Steven Bradford retired to run for California State Senate, declaring her campaign late but defeating other candidates. A Democrat, she represented the 62nd district until resigning for family reasons and subsequently returned to consulting.

Yvonne Brathwaite Burke
Yvonne Pearl Burke (née Watson, later Brathwaite; born October 5, 1932) is an American politician and lawyer from California. She was the first African-American woman to represent the West Coast in Congress. She served in the U.S. Congress from 1973 to 1979. She represented the 2nd District on the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors from 1992 to 2008. She served as Chair of Los Angeles County four times and served as chair pro tem three times.

In 1973, she became the first member of the U.S. Congress to give birth while in office, and she was the first person to be granted maternity leave by the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives.

She served on the Board of Directors of Amtrak, having been appointed to the position by President Barack Obama in 2012 and retired in 2024.
The Record Guide
The Record Guide was an English reference work that listed, described, and evaluated gramophone recordings of classical music in the 1950s. It was a precursor to modern guides such as The Penguin Guide to Recorded Classical Music.

The Penguin Guide to Recorded Classical Music
The Penguin Guide to Recorded Classical Music (formerly The Penguin Guide to Compact Discs and, from 2002 to 2006, The Penguin Guide to Compact Discs and DVDs) was a widely distributed annual publication from Britain published by Penguin Books that reviewed and rated currently available recordings of classical music.  It was written by Ivan March, a music journalist, consultant and former professional musician; Edward Greenfield, music critic of The Guardian; and Robert Layton, music writer and lecturer.  All three were also reviewers for the UK classical music monthly Gramophone.  From 2002, a fourth contributor, Paul Czajkowski, was credited, first as assistant editor and then as co-author.
Avibirnavirus
Avibirnavirus is a genus of viruses in family Birnaviridae. There is a single species in this genus: Infectious bursal disease virus, which infects chickens and other fowl. It causes severe inflammation of the bursa of Fabricius, and causes considerable morbidity and mortality.

Infectious bursal disease
Infectious bursal disease (IBD), also known as Gumboro disease, infectious bursitis, and infectious avian nephrosis, is a highly contagious disease of young chickens and turkeys caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), characterized by immunosuppression and mortality generally at 3 to 6 weeks of age. The disease was first discovered in Gumboro, Delaware in 1962. It is economically important to the poultry industry worldwide due to increased susceptibility to other diseases and negative interference with effective vaccination. In recent years, very virulent strains of IBDV (vvIBDV), causing severe mortality in chicken, have emerged in Europe, Latin America, South-East Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Infection is via the oro-fecal route, with affected birds excreting high levels of the virus for approximately 2 weeks after infection. The disease is easily spread from infected chickens to healthy chickens through food, water, and physical contact.
William Bull (botanist)
William Bull FLS VMH (1828–1902) was an English botanist, nurseryman and plant collector. He was born in Winchester and in 1861 purchased the nursery of John Weeks and Company in King's Road, Chelsea. He introduced into cultivation many plants from other countries, including orchids from Colombia and Liberia. John Carder and Edward Shuttleworth collected plants for William Bull.

The vast stock of the firm William Bull And Sons, headquartered at Kings Road, Chelsea, made it famous worldwide. When Ceylon was struck by a coffee-plant disease, Hemileia vastatrix, it was able to supply planters with a variety called Coffea liberica, which was immune to the disease. With the retirement of Edward Bull in 1916, by then the sole proprietor, the firm closed.

Bull was elected in 1866 a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London. In 1897 he received the Victoria Medal of Honour of the Royal Horticultural Society.

Victoria Medal of Honour
The Victoria Medal of Honour (VMH) is awarded to British horticulturists resident in the United Kingdom whom the Royal Horticultural Society Council considers deserving of special honour by the Society.

The award was established in 1897 "in perpetual remembrance of Her Majesty's glorious reign, and to enable the Council to confer honour on British horticulturists." The Society's rules state that only sixty-three horticulturists can hold the VMH at any given time, in commemoration of the sixty-three years of Queen Victoria's reign. Therefore, the honour is not awarded every year, but may be made to multiple recipients in other years.
Nyack Beach State Park
Nyack Beach State Park is a 61-acre (0.25 km2) state park in Upper Nyack, Rockland County, New York.  It consists of a small parking lot and a riverfront pathway, the southernmost section of the Hudson River Valley Greenway. It is known for its physical proximity to the Hudson River on one side of the pathway and the looming cliffs of the Palisades rising 700 feet (210 m) above on the other side.

The park is included within the Palisades Interstate Park system and is functionally part of a continuous complex of parks that also includes Rockland Lake State Park, Hook Mountain State Park, and Haverstraw Beach State Park.

Rockland Lake State Park
Rockland Lake State Park is a 1,133-acre (4.59 km2) state park located in the hamlets of Congers and Valley Cottage in the eastern part of the Town of Clarkstown in Rockland County, New York, United States. The park is located on a ridge of Hook Mountain above the west bank of the Hudson River. Included within the park is the 256-acre (1.04 km2) Rockland Lake.

Development of the park as part of the Palisades Interstate Park system began in 1958. Rockland Lake State Park is functionally part of a continuous complex of parks that also includes Hook Mountain State Park, Nyack Beach State Park, and Haverstraw Beach State Park.
Polesian District
Polesian District was a district of Second Polish Republic from 1920 to 1921. Its capital was Pinsk. It was formed on 20 December 1920 from the parts of Brześć and Volhynian Districts of the freshly disestablished Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories. On 19 February 1921 it was reformed into Polesian Voivodeship.

Brześć District
Brześć District (Polish: Okręg brzeski) was a district of the Civil Administration of the Eastern Lands from June 1919 to September 1920, and Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories from September 1920 to December 1920, all of which were under the control of the Second Polish Republic. Its seat was located in Brest-Litovsk. In December 1919, it had an area of 57,758 km2 (22,300 sq mi), and was inhabited by 1,121,978 people.

It was established on 7 June 1919 with the formation of Civil Administration of the Eastern Lands, from the lands conquered from the Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia. On 17 January 1920, it was incorporated into Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories. On 20 December 1920, the civil administration was disestablished and the district was incorporated into Nowogródek and Polesian Districts.
Boston Peak
Boston Peak is a tall peak in the North Cascades in the U.S. state of Washington and within North Cascades National Park. At 8,894 feet (2,711 m) in elevation it is the 26th highest peak in Washington. Its nearest higher neighbor is Buckner Mountain, 1.66 miles (2.67 km) to the east.

Buckner Mountain
Buckner Mountain (sometimes called Mount Buckner) is a tall peak in the North Cascades of Washington state and in the Stephen Mather Wilderness of North Cascades National Park. At 9,114 feet (2,778 m) in elevation it is the highest in Skagit County and one of about ten of Washington's non-volcanic peaks above 9,000 feet high. It is ranked as the 14th highest peak in the state, and the third highest peak in North Cascades National Park.
Shuanggudui
Shuanggudui (simplified Chinese: 双古堆; traditional Chinese: 雙古堆; pinyin: Shuānggǔduī) is an archeological site located near Fuyang in China's Anhui province. Shuanggudui grave no. 1, which belongs to Xiahou Zao (夏侯灶), the second marquis of Ruyin (汝陰侯), was sealed in 165 BCE in the early Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE). Excavated in 1977, it was found to contain a large number of texts written on bamboo strips, including fragments of the Classic of Poetry and the Songs of the South, a text on breathing exercises, a "year table" (年表) recounting historical events, a manual on dogs, a version of the I Ching (Yijing) that differs from the received one, and artifacts including the oldest known cosmic board, a divinatory instrument. Like Mawangdui and Guodian, two other tombs from the area of the old state of Chu, the Shuanggudui find has shed great light on the culture and practices of the early Han dynasty.

Chu Ci
The Chu Ci, variously translated as Verses of Chu, Songs of Chu, or Elegies of Chu, is an ancient anthology of Chinese poetry including works traditionally attributed mainly to Qu Yuan and Song Yu from the Warring States period, as well as a large number of works composed during the Han dynasty several centuries later. The traditional version of the Chu Ci contains 17 major sections, anthologized with its current contents by Wang Yi, a 2nd-century AD librarian who served under Emperor Shun of Han. Classical Chinese poetry prior to the Qin dynasty is largely known through the Chu Ci and the Classic of Poetry.
Angeles National Forest
The Angeles National Forest (ANF) of the United States Forest Service is located in the San Gabriel Mountains and Sierra Pelona Mountains, primarily within Los Angeles County in Southern California. The ANF manages a majority of the San Gabriel Mountains National Monument.

The national forest was established in 1908, incorporating the first San Bernardino National Forest and parts of the former Santa Barbara and San Gabriel National Forests. Angeles National Forest headquarters are located in Arcadia, California.

San Gabriel Mountains National Monument
The San Gabriel Mountains National Monument is a United States national monument managed by the U.S. Forest Service, which encompasses parts of the Angeles National Forest and the San Bernardino National Forest in California. On October 10, 2014, President Barack Obama used his authority under the Antiquities Act to create the new monument, protecting 346,177 acres of public lands in the San Gabriel Mountains of the Transverse Ranges. The effort to protect the San Gabriel Mountains began more than a century earlier in 1891, with another U.S. President, Benjamin Harrison, using his authority established by Congress, to designate and delineate the first federal protection in the United States of forested lands as the San Gabriel Timberland Reserve.  Two earlier California conservationists, Abbot Kinney and John Muir, influenced Congress.

The headquarters of the San Gabriel Mountains National Monument is located in Glendora.
Miramar Peninsula
The Miramar Peninsula (Māori: Te Motu Kairangi, officially Te Motu Kairangi / Miramar Peninsula) is a large peninsula on the southeastern side of the city of Wellington, New Zealand. It is located at the entrance to Wellington Harbour, in Wellington's eastern suburbs. According to Māori legend, it was formed at the same time that the taniwha Whaitaitai beached at nearby Hataitai as he tried to escape the confines of the harbour. It contains the large suburbs of Miramar, Maupuia, Seatoun and Strathmore Park and several smaller suburbs.

Wellington Harbour
Wellington Harbour (Māori: Te Whanganui-a-Tara [tɛ ˈfaŋanʉi a ˈtaɾa] ⓘ), officially called Wellington Harbour / Port Nicholson, is a large natural harbour on the southern tip of New Zealand's North Island. The harbour entrance is from Cook Strait. Central Wellington is located on parts of the western and southern sides of the harbour, and the suburban area of Lower Hutt is to the north and east.

The harbour area bounded by a line between Pencarrow Head to Petone foreshore, was officially named Port Nicholson until it assumed its current dual name in 1984.
Earl of Linlithgow
Earl of Linlithgow was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1600 for Alexander Livingston, 7th Lord Livingston, along with the subsidiary title of Lord Livingston of Callendar. In 1695, the Earldom of Linlithgow merged with the junior Earldom of Callendar, which had been created in 1641 for a younger son of the 1st Earl.

The 5th Earl of Linlithgow (and 4th Earl of Callendar) was attainted in 1716 for his participation in the Jacobite Rising of 1715, and all of his peerages were forfeited. The seat of the Earls of Linlithgow was Callendar House in Falkirk, which is now a museum.

Earl of Callendar
Earl of Callendar was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1641 for James Livingston, 1st Lord Livingston of Almond, a younger son of Alexander Livingston, 1st Earl of Linlithgow, along with the subsidiary title Lord Livingston and Almond. The 4th Earl later inherited the more senior Earldom of Linlithgow from his uncle, with which title the Earldom of Callendar was merged until its forfeiture by attainder in 1716. The seat of the Earls of Callendar was Callendar House in Falkirk.
Nancy Carline
Nancy Mona Carline (née Higgins, 30 November 1909 – 18 October 2004) was a British artist who painted landscapes with figures, portraits, biblical and classical subjects plus groups of figures in domestic settings. She studied at the Slade School of Art and worked at the Sadlers Wells Ballet and later attended the stage design course at the Slade run by Vladimir Polunin. In 1950 she married the artist Richard Carline, which placed her at the centre of an artistic circle centred on the Carline family in Hampstead.

Richard Carline
Richard Cotton Carline (9 February 1896 – 18 November 1980) was a British artist, arts administrator and writer. During the First World War, Carline served on the Western Front and in the Middle East, where he travelled extensively through Palestine, Syria, India and modern day Iran and Iraq. Although known for his depictions of aerial combat painted during World War One, from the mid-1930s, his output as an artist was overshadowed by his numerous roles in local, national and international artists' organisations. Carline held strong anti-fascist beliefs and also worked to gain appreciation for African art, naive art, child artists and even promote the artistic merits of postcard images.
Thowadra Monastery
Thowadra Monastery is a cliffside Buddhist monastery in the Tang Valley of Bumthang District, Bhutan. Thowadra means "high rock", given its location and altitude of 3,400 metres (11,200 ft).

Thowadrak is 47 kilometers from Chamkhar Town and it is a 3-hour hike from the nearest farm road point. It is one of the four sacred cliffs of Guru Rinpoche in Bumthang. The other three are Choedrak, Kunzangdrak and Shukdrak.

Choedrak Monastery
Choedrak Monastery is a Buddhist monastery in Bhutan, located at an altitude of 3,800 metres, not far from Tharpaling Monastery in Bumthang District. Guru Rinpoche is said to have meditated at this spot.

It is 37 kilometers from Chamkhar and takes one hour to reach from the motorable road end at Tharpaling monastery. Choedrak Goenpa can also be reached after three-hour hike from Lamey Goenpa in Choekhor Valley. It is one of the four sacred cliffs of Guru Rinpoche in Bumthang. The other three are Kunzangdrak, Shukdrak and Thowadrak.
HMS Sterlet
HMS Sterlet was a second-batch S-class submarine built during the 1930s for the Royal Navy. Completed in 1938, the boat fought in the Second World War. The submarine is one of the 12 boats named in the song Twelve Little S-Boats. Thus far she has been the only ship of the Royal Navy to be named Sterlet.

British S-class submarine (1931)
The S-class submarines of the Royal Navy were originally designed and built during the modernisation of the submarine force in the early 1930s to meet the need for smaller boats to patrol the restricted waters of the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, replacing the British H-class submarines. As part of the major naval construction for the Royal Navy during the Second World War, the S class became the single largest group of submarines ever built for the Royal Navy. A total of 62 were constructed over a period of 15 years, with fifty of the "improved" S class being launched between 1940 and 1945.

At the start of the Second World War the S class was together with the British U and T class, Dutch O 21 class and German Type VII one of the most advanced submarine classes in service at the time.
Prima Cool
Prima Cool is a private Czech television station.

Prima Cool is TV Prima's second channel. It is targeted primarily at young male audiences.

Prima Cool launched on 1 April 2009 as TV Prima's new digital channel. It is available on Czech DVB-T multiplex 2, where it is freely broadcast (covering up to 72% of the population of the Czech republic, mainly in Bohemia).  The channel is also broadcast through DVB-S on satellite Astra 1G, and available on cable TV (in all packages, due to the must-carry law).

Prima televize
TV Prima, also known simply as Prima (previously Prima family, Prima televize, Premiéra, originally FTV Premiéra), is a Czech television channel based in Prague. Its current owner is FTV Prima, spol. s. r. o., which is majority-owned by Czech investment firm GES, in turn owned by Czech oligarch Ivan Zach. The group's current general manager is Marek Singer. It is the first private TV channel in the Czech Republic and the former Czechoslovakia.
USS Bowfin
USS Bowfin (SS/AGSS-287), is a Balao-class submarine of the United States Navy named for the bowfin fish. Since 1981, she has been open to public tours at the USS Bowfin Submarine Museum & Park in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, next to the USS Arizona Memorial Visitor Center.

Bowfin was laid down by the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard at Kittery, Maine, on 23 July 1942, and launched on 7 December 1942 by Mrs. Jane Gawne, wife of Captain James Gawne, and commissioned on 1 May 1943, Commander Joseph H. Willingham in command.

USS Arizona Memorial
The USS Arizona Memorial, at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii, marks the resting place of 1,102 of the 1,177 sailors and Marines killed on USS Arizona during the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, and commemorates the events of that day. The attack on Pearl Harbor led to the United States' involvement in World War II.

The memorial, built in 1962, is visited by more than two million people annually. Accessible only by boat, it straddles the sunken hull of the battleship without touching it. Historical information about the attack, shuttle boats to and from the memorial, and general visitor services are available at the associated USS Arizona Memorial Visitor Center, which opened in 1980 and is operated by the National Park Service. The battleship's sunken remains were declared a National Historic Landmark on May 5, 1989.

The USS Arizona Memorial is one of several sites in Hawaii that are part of the Pearl Harbor National Memorial.