hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thihapate II of Taungdwin
Thettawshay Thihapate (Burmese: သက်တော်ရှည် သီဟပတေ့, [θɛʔdɔ̀ʃè θìha̰pətḛ]) was governor of Taungdwin from the 1360s to c. 1401 during the late Pinya and early Ava periods. After Pinya fell to King Thado Minbya of Sagaing in 1364, he became one of several Pinya vassals that refused to submit to the new king, who went on to found the Ava Kingdom in 1365. He finally submitted to Thado Minbya in 1366 after his town came under siege by Ava forces. He became a loyal vassal of Ava afterwards, and participated in Ava's military campaigns to the early 1390s. He was the father of Queen Shin Myat Hla, the chief queen consort of King Mohnyin Thado.

Thado Minbya
Thado Minbya (Burmese: သတိုးမင်းဖျား, pronounced [ðədó mɪ́ɰ̃bjá]; 7 December 1345 – c. 3 September 1367) was the founder of the Kingdom of Ava. In his three plus years of reign (1364–67), the king laid the foundation for the reunification of Central Burma, which had been split into Pinya and Sagaing kingdoms since 1315. He also founded the capital city of Ava (Inwa) in 1365, which would remain the country's capital for most of the following five centuries. The young king restored order in central Burma, and tried to stamp out corrupt Buddhist clergy. He died of smallpox while on a southern military expedition in September 1367.

The 21-year-old king left no heirs. He was succeeded by his brother-in-law Swa Saw Ke.
Karolina (given name)
Karolina, Karolína or Karolīna is a feminine given name. Karolina is a Croatian, Danish, Faroese, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Indonesian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Slovene, and Swedish name. Karolína is a Czech, Icelandic and Slovak name that is a form of Karolina and Carolina and a diminutive form of Karola and Carola. Karolīna is a Latvian name. Notable people with the name include the following:

Carolina (name)
Carolina is a feminine given name in Italian, English, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, Swedish, derived from the masculine name Carolus which is Latin for Charles, generally meaning 'free man' or 'freeholder'.
VQuad-HD
VQuad-HD (Objective perceptual multimedia video quality measurement of HDTV) is a video quality testing technology for high definition video signals. It is a full-reference model, meaning that it requires access to the original and the degraded signal to estimate the quality.

Video quality
Video quality is a characteristic of a video passed through a video transmission or processing system that describes perceived video degradation (typically compared to the original video). Video processing systems may introduce some amount of distortion or artifacts in the video signal that negatively impact the user's perception of the system. For many stakeholders in video production and distribution, ensuring video quality is an important task.

Video quality evaluation is performed to describe the quality of a set of video sequences under study. Video quality can be evaluated objectively (by mathematical models) or subjectively (by asking users for their rating). Also, the quality of a system can be determined offline (i.e., in a laboratory setting for developing new codecs or services) or in-service (to monitor and ensure a certain level of quality).
Dovre Municipality
Dovre is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Dovre. Other villages in Dovre include Dombås and Hjerkinn.

The 1,364.38-square-kilometre (526.79 sq mi) municipality is the 69th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Dovre Municipality is the 252nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,516. The municipality's population density is 1.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.7/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 7.4% over the previous 10-year period.

Hjerkinn
Hjerkinn is a village in Dovre Municipality in Innlandet county in Norway. The village is located in the Dovrefjell mountains, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of the village of Dombås and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of the village of Folldal.

It is one of the driest places in the country, with only 222 millimetres (8.7 in) annual precipitation in the 10-year period 1905-14.

The railway station Hjerkinn Station is located on the Dovre Line, at an elevation of 1,017 metres (3,337 ft) above mean sea level. The European route E6 highway also passes through the village. Until 1993 there was mining in the village by Folldal Gruver. The Norwegian military also has a camp at Hjerkinn. Eystein Church is also located in the village, along the historic pilgrim's route to Nidaros Cathedral.
Muftiganj railway station
Muftiganj railway station (station code MFJ) is located in Muftiganj, Jaunpur District, Uttar Pradesh, India.

This station is part of North Eastern Railway Zone's Varanasi Division and the Jaunpur–Kerakat–Aunrihar line.

Aunrihar–Jaunpur line
The Jaunpur–Kerakat–Aunrihar line is an operating railway line that comes under the jurisdiction of North Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways in Uttar Pradesh, India. It connects the Varanasi–Lucknow line and Varanasi–Chhapra line which is for reducing the rail traffic burden on Varanasi. It lies on the Gangetic plain.

The line has 8 stations, between its start at Aunrihar Junction to its point of termination at Jaunpur Junction.

In this route Kerakat is the famous station and medium revenue station in Varanasi railway division of North Eastern Railway zone. Many trains are runs from Ghazipur City and Chhapra Junction to Jaunpur Junction and Varanasi Junction through this line. also it connects many big cities as Kanpur, Bareilly, Surat, Mumbai, Durg, Ghaziabad, Faizabad, Delhi, Barauni, Agra, etc.
Collective motion
Collective motion is defined as the spontaneous emergence of ordered movement in a system consisting of many self-propelled agents. It can be observed in everyday life, for example in flocks of birds, schools of fish, herds of animals and also in crowds and car traffic. It also appears at the microscopic level: in colonies of bacteria, motility assays and artificial self-propelled particles. The scientific community is trying to understand the universality of this phenomenon. In particular it is intensively investigated in statistical physics and in the field of active matter. Experiments on animals, biological and synthesized self-propelled particles, simulations and theories are conducted in parallel to study these phenomena. One of the most famous models that describes such behavior is the Vicsek model introduced by Tamás Vicsek et al. in 1995.

Self-propelled particles
Self-propelled particles (SPP), also referred to as self-driven particles, are terms used by physicists to describe autonomous agents, which convert energy from the environment into directed or persistent random walk. Natural systems which have inspired the study and design of these particles include walking, swimming or flying animals. Other biological systems include bacteria, cells, algae and other micro-organisms. Generally, self-propelled particles often refer to artificial systems such as robots or specifically designed particles such as swimming Janus colloids, bimetallic nanorods, nanomotors and walking grains. In the case of directed propulsion, which is driven by a chemical gradient, this is referred to as chemotaxis, observed in biological systems, e.g. bacteria quorum sensing and ant pheromone detection, and in synthetic systems, e.g. enzyme molecule chemotaxis and enzyme powered hard and soft particles.
Daemokjang
Daemokjang (Korean: 대목장; alternatively Daimokjang) is a style of traditional Korean wooden architecture and a term for the woodworking artisans who create it. The word literally means carpenter. Mokjang means woodworker, and are divided into Somokjang (lit. lesser woodworker) and Daemokjang (lit. greater woodworker). Somokjang who make small wooden objects are joiners; Daemokjang who builds wooden buildings are carpenters. Daemokjang covers the entire field of woodworking and the entire construction process.

Korean architecture
Korean architecture (Korean: 한국건축) refers to an architectural style that developed over centuries in Korea.
Throughout the history of Korea, various kingdoms and royal dynasties have developed a unique style of architecture with influences from Buddhism and Korean Confucianism. traditional Korean architecture can be mostly recognized by its sloping roofs.

Just like in the case of other Korean arts, Korean architecture is distinguished by its naturalistic tendencies, simplicity, economy of shape, and avoidance of extremes.
Chengalath Cheriya Kunhirama Menon
Chengalath Cheriya Kunhirama Menon (1882–1939), also known by his nom de plume M. R. K. C., was a Malayalam–language author and journalist from Kerala, India. He was associated with prominent newspapers and periodicals such as Kerala Pathrika and Mangalodayam. Some of his famous books include Velluva Kammaran Allenkil Sardar Sheikh Ayaz Khan and M. R. K. C. yude Cherukathakal. M. R. K. C. along with Moorkoth Kumaran, Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar, Oduvil Kunhikrishna Menon, C. S. Gopala Panicker and Ambadi Narayana Poduval are regarded as the pioneers of the short story in Malayalam literature.

Oduvil Kunhikrishna Menon
Oduvil Kunhikrishna Menon (26 October 1869 – 18 May 1916) was a Malayalam–language poet, short-story writer, journalist and literary critic from Kerala, India. Menon was associated with the Venmani School of Malayalam poetry and was also a major figure in early prose literature. Along with Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar, Moorkoth Kumaran, Chenkulath Cheriya Kunhirama Menon (M. R. K. C.), C. S. Gopala Panicker and Ambadi Narayana Poduval, Kunhikrishna Menon is regarded as a pioneer of the short story in Malayalam literature.
Anthem of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic
The State Anthem of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic was the regional anthem of Tajikistan when it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, known as the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic. The music and the lyrics were created in 1946, and the anthem was adopted later that year. The lyrics were dropped after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, and the national anthem of the newly independent Tajikistan had used the same melody without any lyrics until 1994, when the country adopted a new anthem, under the title "Surudi Milliy", with new lyrics, while retaining the same melody.

Surudi Milli
The national anthem of the Republic of Tajikistan was officially adopted by the Constitution of Tajikistan on 7 September 1994, two days before Independence Day. During this time, in the midst of the Tajikistani Civil War, new lyrics were penned by Gulnazar Keldi to reflect the country's independence from the Soviet Union and the country's status as a sovereign state. The melody, however, remains exactly the same as that of the anthem of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic, composed by Sulaymon Yudakov in 1946. The national anthem of Tajikistan is one of the country's official state symbols, along with its flag and coat of arms.
I Am Number Four
I Am Number Four is a young adult science fiction novel by Pittacus Lore (the pseudonym of James Frey and Jobie Hughes) and the first book in the Lorien Legacies series. The book was published by HarperCollins on August 3, 2010, and spent seven successive weeks at #1 on the children's chapter of the New York Times bestseller list.

DreamWorks Pictures bought the rights to the film in June 2009; it was released on February 18, 2011, and was the first DreamWorks movie to be distributed by Disney's Touchstone Pictures.

Lorien Legacies
Lorien Legacies is a series of young adult science fiction books, written by James Frey, Jobie Hughes, and formerly, Greg Boose, under the collective pseudonym Pittacus Lore.

The title of the series refers to the characters' home planet of Lorien, which itself is likely a reference to the Elf realm of Lórien in the Lord of the Rings book series by J. R. R. Tolkien, though this has never been confirmed.
Ethnic groups in Thailand
Thailand is a country of some 70 ethnic groups, including at least 24 groups of ethnolinguistically Tai peoples, mainly the Central, Southern, Northeastern, and Northern Thais; 22 groups of Austroasiatic peoples, with substantial populations of Northern Khmer and Kuy; 11 groups speaking Sino-Tibetan languages ('hill tribes'), with the largest in population being the Karen; 3 groups of Austronesian peoples, i.e., the Malay, the majority ethnic group in the southernmost three provinces, together with the Moken and Urak Lawoi ('sea gypsies'); and both groups of Hmong-Mien. Other ethnic groups include longstanding immigrant communities such as the Chinese, Indians, Persian, and Portuguese.

Iranians in Thailand
Iranian migration to Thailand began as early as the 17th century. Thai citizens of Iranian descent may be called in Thai as Khaek Ma-ngon, Khaek Mahon or Khaek Chaosen. There is a community of Thai people of Iranian descent who still practice Shia Islam in many districts throughout Bangkok, such as Yan Nawa, Bueng Kum, Saphan Sung, and Min Buri, as well as parts of Chachoengsao Province.
Chimney sweeps' carcinoma
Chimney sweeps' cancer, also called soot wart or scrotal cancer, is a squamous cell carcinoma of the scrotum. It has the distinction of being the first reported form of occupational cancer, and was initially identified by Percivall Pott in 1775. It was initially noticed as being prevalent amongst chimney sweeps. The disease has also been seen in men exposed to mineral oil and those who worked with coal distillates.

This cancer is also referred to as epidermoid carcinoma of the scrotum and epithelioma of the scrotum.

Squamous-cell carcinoma
Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC),  also known as epidermoid carcinoma, comprises a number of different types of cancer that begin in squamous cells. These cells form on the surface of the skin, on the lining of hollow organs in the body, and on the lining of the respiratory and digestive tracts.

The squamous-cell carcinomas of different body sites can show differences in their presented symptoms, natural history, prognosis, and response to treatment.
Richard Rockefeller
Richard Gilder Rockefeller (January 20, 1949 – June 13, 2014) was an American heir and family physician in Falmouth, Maine, who practiced and taught medicine in Portland, Maine, from 1982 to 2000. He was a son of David Rockefeller, a grandson of financier and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller Jr., and a great-grandson of Standard Oil co-founder John D. Rockefeller.

David Rockefeller
David Rockefeller (June 12, 1915 – March 20, 2017) was an American economist and investment banker who served as chairman and chief executive of Chase Manhattan Corporation. He was the oldest living member of the Rockefeller family from 2004 until his death in 2017. Rockefeller was the fifth son and youngest child of John D. Rockefeller Jr. and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, and a grandson of John D. Rockefeller and Laura Spelman Rockefeller.

He was noted for his wide-ranging political connections and foreign travel, in which he met with many foreign leaders. His fortune was estimated at $3.3 billion at the time of his death.
Montevideo Wanderers F.C.
Montevideo Wanderers Fútbol Club, usually known simply as Wanderers, is a Uruguayan professional football club based in Montevideo. The club are currently members of the Primera División and play at the Estadio Viera. Beside football, the club also has teams playing basketball, volleyball, athletics, futsal, pool and pelota.

Estadio Alfredo Victor Viera
Estadio Parque Alfredo Víctor Viera is a multi-purpose stadium in Montevideo, Uruguay.  It is the home of Montevideo Wanderers Fútbol Club, and is currently used solely for football matches.  Presently the stadium holds 7,527  people and was built in 1933. It has 4 seating sections, named after great players of the team: Obdulio Varela, Cayetano Saporitti, René "Tito" Borjas and Jorge "Chifle" Barrios.

The stadium is located in the heart of the Prado neighborhood of Montevideo, in the intersection of Buschental Avenue and Atilio Pelossi Road.
Borsod County
Borsod was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. The capital of the county was Miskolc. After World War II, the county was merged with the Hungarian parts of Abaúj-Torna County and Zemplén counties to form Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county.

Abaúj-Torna County
Abaúj-Torna (Slovak: Abov-Turňa, German: Abaujwar-Tornau, Latin: comitatus Abaujvar-Tornensis) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its capital was Kassa (present-day Košice). Its territory is now divided between Hungary and Slovakia.
Trinovantes
The Trinovantes or Trinobantes were one of the Celtic tribes of Pre-Roman Britain.  Their territory was on the north side of the Thames estuary in current Essex, Hertfordshire and Suffolk, and included lands now located in Greater London. They were bordered to the north by the Iceni, and to the west by the Catuvellauni. Their name possibly derives from the Celtic intensive prefix "tri-" and a second element which was either "nowio" – new, so meaning "very new" in the sense of "newcomers", but possibly with an applied sense of vigor or liveliness ultimately meaning "the very vigorous people". Their capital was Camulodunum (modern Colchester), one proposed site of the legendary Camelot.

Catuvellauni
The Catuvellauni (Common Brittonic: *Catu-wellaunī, "war-chiefs") were a Celtic tribe or state of southeastern Britain before the Roman conquest, attested by inscriptions into the 4th century.

The fortunes of the Catuvellauni and their kings before the conquest can be traced through ancient coins and scattered references in classical histories. They are mentioned by Cassius Dio, who implies that they led the resistance against the conquest in AD 43. They appear as one of the civitates of Roman Britain in Ptolemy's Geography in the 2nd century, occupying the town of Verlamion (modern St Albans) and the surrounding areas of Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire and southern Cambridgeshire.

Their territory was bordered to the north by the Iceni and Corieltauvi, to the east by the Trinovantes, to the west by the Dobunni and Atrebates, and to the south by the Regni and Cantiaci.
E 66 road (United Arab Emirates)
E 66 (Arabic: إ ٦٦) is a road in the United Arab Emirates. The road connects the city of Dubai to the interior city of Al Ain in the Eastern Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. E 66 runs roughly perpendicular to E 11 (Sheikh Zayed Road) and E 311 (Sheikh Mohammad Bin Zayed Road Road). Beginning in the locality of Oud Metha, E 11 progresses southward towards the interior. The road is referred to as the "Dubai-Al Ain Road", after its intersection with Emirates Road south of the city of Dubai, and "Tahnoun Bin Mohammad Al Nahyan Road", after Sheikh Tahnoun, the Ruler's Representative in the Eastern Region of Abu Dhabi.

Al Ain Region
The Eastern Region (Arabic: ٱلْمِنْطَقَة ٱلشَّرْقِيَّة, romanized: Al-Minṭaqah Aš-Šarqiyyah), officially known as Al Ain Region (Arabic: مِنْطَقَة ٱلْعَيْن, romanized: Minṭaqat al-ʿAyn), is one of three Municipal Regions in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. It forms the southeastern part of the United Arab Emirates. Its main settlement is the eponymous city of Al Ain, located on the country's border with Oman, about 160 km (99 miles) from the city of Abu Dhabi, the capital of the Emirate and country. Compared to the Western Region, it is a rather remote region of the Emirate, smaller by area, and not known to hold reserves of gas or petroleum. However, it is agriculturally important.
Fischer's inequality
In mathematics, Fischer's inequality gives an upper bound for the determinant of a  positive-semidefinite matrix whose entries are complex numbers in terms of the determinants of its principal diagonal blocks. 
Suppose A, C are respectively p×p, q×q positive-semidefinite complex matrices and B is a p×q complex matrix.
Let

so that M is a (p+q)×(p+q) matrix.

Then Fischer's inequality states that

If M is positive-definite, equality is achieved in Fischer's inequality if and only if all the entries of B are 0. Inductively one may conclude that a similar inequality holds for a block decomposition of M with multiple principal diagonal blocks. Considering 1×1 blocks, a corollary is Hadamard's inequality. On the other hand, Fischer's inequality can also be proved by using Hadamard's inequality, see the proof of Theorem 7.8.5 in Horn and Johnson's Matrix Analysis.

Hadamard's inequality
In mathematics, Hadamard's inequality (also known as Hadamard's theorem on determinants) is a result first published by Jacques Hadamard in 1893. It is a bound on the determinant of a matrix whose entries are complex numbers in terms of the lengths of its column vectors. In geometrical terms, when restricted to real numbers, it bounds the volume in Euclidean space of n dimensions marked out by n vectors vi for 1 ≤ i ≤ n in terms of the lengths of these vectors ||vi||.

Specifically, Hadamard's inequality states that if N is the matrix having columns vi,  then

If the n vectors are non-zero, equality in Hadamard's inequality is achieved if and only if the vectors are orthogonal.
Friendship Park (Lima)
María Graña Ottone Friendship Park (Spanish: Parque de la Amistad María Graña Ottone) is a public park located at the intersection of Alfredo Benavides and Caminos del Inca avenues, in Santiago de Surco, Lima, Peru. It features a monumental arch based on the one that once stood at Arequipa Avenue, in Lima District.

Moorish Arch, Lima
The Moorish Arch (Spanish: Arco Morisco), also called the Friendship Arch (Spanish: Arco de la Amistad) or Spanish Arch, was a triumphal arch installed at the beginning of Leguía Avenue (today Arequipa Avenue) in Lima, Peru. It was made in a neo-Moorish style, inaugurated in 1924 as part of the Centennial of the Independence of Peru and demolished in 1939.
Nicolas Grunitzky
Nicolas Grunitzky (French pronunciation: [nikɔla gʁynitski]; 5 April 1913 – 27 September 1969) was the second president of Togo and its third head of state. He was President from 1963 to 1967. Grunitzky was Prime Minister of Togo from 1956 to 1958 under the French Colonial loi cadre system, which created a limited "national" government in their colonial possessions.  He was elected Prime Minister of Togo —still under French administration— in 1956. Following the 1963 coup which killed his nationalist political rival and brother-in-law Sylvanus Olympio, Grunitzky was chosen by the military committee of coup leaders to be Togo's second President.

Sylvanus Olympio
Sylvanus Épiphanio Olympio (French pronunciation: [silvany epifanjo ɔlɛ̃pjo]; 6 September 1902 – 13 January 1963) was a Togolese politician who was prime minister, and then president, of Togo from 1958 until his assassination in 1963. He came from the important Olympio family, which included his uncle Octaviano Olympio, one of the richest people in Togo in the early 1900s.

After graduating from the London School of Economics, he worked for Unilever and became the general manager of the African operations of that company. After World War II, Olympio became prominent in efforts for independence of Togo and his party won the 1958 election, making him the prime minister of the country. His power was further cemented when Togo achieved independence and he won the 1961 election, making him the first president of Togo. He was assassinated during the 1963 Togolese coup d'état.
FC Sibir Novosibirsk (2019)
FC Sibir Novosibirsk (Russian: ФК «Сибирь» (Новосибирск)) is a Russian professional association football club based in Novosibirsk, playing at the Spartak Stadium. The club was established by the initiative of the Government of Novosibirsk Oblast in 2019.

Spartak Stadium (Novosibirsk)
Spartak Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Novosibirsk, Russia.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of FC Novosibirsk.  The stadium holds 12,500 people.

It is the most easterly venue to have hosted a match in UEFA club competition.