hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency
Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency, Princess of Condé (11 May 1594 – 2 December 1650) was an heiress of one of France's leading ducal families, and Princess de Condé by her marriage to Henri de Bourbon. She almost became a mistress of Henry IV of France, but her husband escaped with her after the wedding and did not return to France until after King Henry's death.

Anne Geneviève de Bourbon
Anne-Geneviève de Bourbon (French pronunciation: [an ʒənvjɛv də buʁbɔ̃]; 28 August 1619 – 5 April 1679) was a French princess who is remembered for her beauty and amours, her influence during the civil wars of the Fronde, and her final conversion to Jansenism.
Yuri Matiyasevich
Yuri Vladimirovich Matiyasevich (Russian: Ю́рий Влади́мирович Матиясе́вич; born 2 March 1947 in Leningrad) is a Russian mathematician and computer scientist. He is best known for his negative solution of Hilbert's tenth problem (Matiyasevich's theorem), which was presented in his 1972 doctoral thesis at LOMI (the Leningrad Department of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics). He continued to work at that institute, becoming a professor there in 1995.

St. Petersburg Department of Steklov Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
The St. Petersburg Department of Steklov Institute of Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russian: Санкт-Петербургское отделение Математического института им. В. А. Стеклова РАН, abbreviated ПОМИ (PDMI) for "Петербургское отделение Математического института", Petersburg Department of the Mathematical Institute; PDMI) is a mathematical research institute in St. Petersburg, part of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Until 1992 it was known as Leningrad Department of Steklov Institute of Mathematics of the USSR Academy of Sciences (ЛОМИ, LOMI).

The name of the institution is a historical tradition and since 1995 it has no subordination to the Steklov Institute of Mathematics.

The institute was established in 1940 as a department of the Steklov Institute and is named after Vladimir Andreevich Steklov, a Soviet/Russian mathematician, mechanician and physicist.
Guldbagge Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
The Guldbagge for Best Actor in a Leading Role is a Swedish film award presented annually by the Swedish Film Institute (SFI) as part of the Guldbagge Awards (Swedish: "Guldbaggen") to actors working in the Swedish motion picture industry.

Guldbagge Awards
The Guldbagge Awards (Swedish: Guldbaggen, lit. 'the golden scarab') is an official film awards ceremony in Sweden. Presented annually by Swedish Film Institute, the awards honors excellence in cinematic achievements in the Swedish film industry. It is described as the most prestigious in Sweden and the Swedish equivalent of the Academy Awards. Winners are awarded a statuette depicting a rose chafer, hence the name.

The first awards was presented in 1964 at Grand Hôtel in Stockholm. The awards was first televised in 1981 on SVT2, and has since then been broadcast, almost every year, on national channels SVT1, SVT2, or TV4.
Todd Barry
Todd Barry (born March 26, 1964) is an American stand-up comedian and actor best known for his "bone-dry" and extremely sarcastic deadpan delivery. He grew up in Florida but lives in New York city where he was born. During the mid 1980s, Barry played drums with the indie rock band The Chant. His first Comedy Central special "Super Crazy" was aired in 2012 and since then he has released several other comedy albums, including his 2016 critically acclaimed and fan favourite "The Crowd Work Tour".

Barry has appeared in numerous films and television roles, most notably in The Larry Sanders Show (as the staff writer Keith), Flight of the Conchords (TV series) (as the "Third Conchord"), and Louie (as himself).

Flight of the Conchords (TV series)
Flight of the Conchords is an American sitcom that was first shown on HBO on June 17, 2007. The show follows the adventures of a struggling two-man band from New Zealand, as its members seek fame and success in New York City. The show stars the duo of Jemaine Clement and Bret McKenzie, who also perform as real-life musical comedy act Flight of the Conchords. In the series, they play fictionalised versions of themselves and their band. A second season was announced on August 17, 2007 and shown from January 18, 2009. On December 11, 2009, the duo announced that the series was not going to be returning for a third season.

Throughout its run, Flight of the Conchords received positive critical reviews, with its second season scoring 80/100 on Metacritic. The show received 10 Emmy Award nominations, including "Outstanding Comedy Series" and "Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series" for Jemaine Clement, both in 2009.
Solar eclipse of May 9, 1910
A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Monday, May 9, 1910, with a magnitude of 1.06. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 10 hours after perigee (on May 8, 1910, at 19:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

Totality was visible from part of Wilkes Land in Antarctica and Tasmania in Australia. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Antarctica, Australia, and Southeast Asia.

Solar eclipse of May 19, 1928
A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Saturday, May 19, 1928, with a magnitude of 1.014. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 7 hours after perigee (on May 19, 1928, at 6:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

This solar eclipse was unusual because it was non-central while being total. While totality was not visible for any land masses, a partial eclipse was visible for extreme southern South America and Southern Africa. This was the last of 56 umbral solar eclipses in Solar Saros 117.
Seminar (album)
Seminar is the second studio album by American rapper Sir Mix-a-Lot. It was released on October 17, 1989, via Nastymix and was produced by Sir Mix-a-Lot. The album peaked at number 67 on the Billboard 200, number 25 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, and was certified gold by Recording Industry Association of America. It spawned three singles: "Beepers", which peaked at number 61 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and number 2 on the Hot Rap Songs, "My Hooptie", which peaked at number 49 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and number 7 on the Hot Rap Songs, and "I Got Game", which peaked at number 86 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and number 20 on the Hot Rap Songs.

Sir Mix-a-Lot
Anthony L. Ray (born August 12, 1963), better known by his stage name Sir Mix-a-Lot or his CB handle Prime Minista, is an American rapper. He is best known for his 1992 hit song "Baby Got Back", which peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100.
Prince Gyeongnyeong
Prince Gyeongnyeong (Korean: 경녕군; Hanja: 敬寧君, 15 January 1396 – 15 October 1458) was a Royal Prince of the Joseon period as the fourth son of King Taejong and his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Hyo of the Cheongpung Kim clan. He served as a government official for his father, his brother Sejong the Great, his nephews Munjong and Sejo, and grandnephew Danjong.

Taejong of Joseon
Taejong (Korean: 태종; Hanja: 太宗; 16 May 1367 – 10 May 1422), personal name Yi Pangwŏn (이방원; 李芳遠), was the third monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea and the father of Sejong the Great. He was the fifth son of King Taejo, the founder of the dynasty. Before ascending to the throne, he was known as Grand Prince Jeongan (정안군; 靖安君).
Annali Basson
Annali Christelle Basson (born 10 October 1960) is a South African judge of the High Court of South Africa. She was appointed to the Gauteng Division in January 2016 after serving in the Labour Court from 2007 to 2016. Before her appointment to the bench, she was a legal academic at the University of South Africa, where she specialised in labour law and mercantile law. She was an acting judge in the Constitutional Court in 2018 and was shortlisted for permanent appointment to that court in 2019.

Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa
The Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa is a superior court of law which has general jurisdiction over the South African province of Gauteng and the eastern part of North West province. The main seat of the division is at Pretoria, while a local seat at Johannesburg has concurrent jurisdiction over the southern parts of Gauteng.

Audrey Ledwaba has been the Acting Judge President of the division since appointment of Dunstan Mlambo as Deputy Chief Justice of South Africa.
Giorgio Parisi
Giorgio Parisi (born 4 August 1948) is an Italian theoretical physicist, whose research has focused on quantum field theory, statistical mechanics and complex systems. His best known contributions are the QCD evolution equations for parton densities, obtained with Guido Altarelli, known as the Altarelli–Parisi or DGLAP equations, the exact solution of the Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model of spin glasses, the Kardar–Parisi–Zhang equation describing dynamic scaling of growing interfaces, and the study of whirling flocks of birds. He was awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Klaus Hasselmann and Syukuro Manabe for groundbreaking contributions to theory of complex systems, in particular "for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales".

DGLAP evolution equations
The Dokshitzer–Gribov–Lipatov–Altarelli–Parisi (DGLAP) evolution equations are equations in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) describing the variation of parton distribution functions with varying energy scales. Experimentally observed scaling violation in deep inelastic scattering is important evidence for the correctness of the equations and of QCD in general. The equations were first published in the western world by Guido Altarelli and Giorgio Parisi in 1977, and so are still sometimes called the Altarelli–Parisi equations. Only later did it become known that an equivalent formula had been published in Russia by Yuri Dokshitzer in 1977, and by Vladimir Gribov and Lev Lipatov in 1972.

The DGLAP QCD evolution equations are widely used in global determinations of parton distributions, like those from the Coordinated Theoretical-Experimental Project (CTEQ) or NNPDF collaborations.
Ifugao language
Ifugao is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in the northern valleys of Ifugao, Philippines. It is a member of the Northern Luzon subfamily and is closely related to the Bontoc, Balangaw, and Kankanaey languages. It is a dialect continuum, and its four main varieties—such as Tuwali—are sometimes considered separate languages.

Loanwords from other languages, such as Ilokano, are replacing some older terminology.

Ifugao
Ifugao, officially the Province of Ifugao (Ilocano: Probinsia ti Ifugao; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Ifugao), is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Lagawe and it borders Benguet to the west, Mountain Province to the north, Isabela to the east, and Nueva Vizcaya to the south.

The Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras and Banaue Rice Terraces are the main tourist attractions in the province. These terraces are believed to have been hand-carved into the mountains 2,000 years ago to plant rice. However, recent research by carbon dating suggests that they were built much later. In 1995, the Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras were declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In 2008 and 2015, the Hudhud chants of the Ifugao and the Punnuk (Tugging rituals and games) were inscribed in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.
Piráti Chomutov
Piráti Chomutov (English: Chomutov Pirates) is a Czech ice hockey team from Chomutov, Czech Republic. Established as ČSK Chomutov in 1945, the team has played in Chomutov through numerous team name changes and promotions/relegations in the Czechoslovak and Czech leagues. They play in the second level 1st Czech Republic Hockey League. Their home arena is the Rocknet aréna located in Chomutov, Czech Republic.

1st Czech Republic Hockey League
The Maxa liga is the second-highest level of professional ice hockey in the Czech Republic, after the Extraliga. It began in 1993 and is run and administered by Czech Ice Hockey Association.

Until 2015, the league was known as the 1st Czech National Hockey League. It was then known as the WSM Liga until 2018, and the Chance Liga until 2024.
War Shipping Administration
The War Shipping Administration (WSA) was a World War II emergency war agency of the US government, tasked to purchase and operate the civilian shipping tonnage the United States needed for fighting the war. Both shipbuilding under the Maritime Commission and ship allocation under the WSA to Army, Navy or civilian needs were closely coordinated though Vice Admiral Emory S. Land who continued as head of the Maritime Commission while also heading the WSA.  Among its programs was building the fleet of Liberty Ships and Victory Ships.

Victory ship
The Victory ship is a ship class of cargo ship produced in large numbers by American shipyards during World War II. They were a more modern design compared to the earlier Liberty ship, were slightly larger and had more powerful steam turbine engines, giving higher speed to allow participation in high-speed convoys and make them more difficult targets for German U-boats.  A total of 534 Victory ships were built in between 1944 and 1946.
Lope Díaz III de Haro
Lope Díaz III de Haro (b. ? – d. June 8, 1288, Alfaro) was a Spanish noble and head of the House of Haro.  He was the 8th Lord of Biscay, a post which he gained by hereditary means after the death of his father.  He held that title from 1254 until his own death in 1288 where he died attempting to assassinate the King of Castile.

Lordship of Biscay
The Lordship of Biscay (Spanish: Señorío de Vizcaya, Basque: Bizkaiko jaurerria) was a region under feudal rule in the region of Biscay in the Iberian Peninsula between c.1040 and 1876, ruled by a political figure known as the Lord of Biscay. One of the Basque señoríos, it was a territory with its own political organization, with its own naval ensign, consulate in Bruges and customs offices in Balmaseda and Urduña, from the 11th century until 1876, when the Juntas Generales were abolished. Since 1379, when John I of Castile became the Lord of Biscay, the lordship was integrated into the Crown of Castile, and eventually the Kingdom of Spain.
Ostflucht
The Ostflucht (German: [ˈɔstflʊxt]; "flight from the East") was the migration of Germans, in the later 19th century and early 20th century, from areas which were then eastern parts of Germany to more industrialized regions in central and western Germany. The migrants originated in East Prussia, West Prussia, Silesia, Pomerania and Posen; they moved to provinces along the Rhine and Ruhr rivers. Most of the migrants were ethnic Germans, but many migrants to the Ruhr were of Polish ethnicity, later known as Ruhrpolen.

Province of Pomerania (1815–1945)
The Province of Pomerania (German: Provinz Pommern; Polish: Prowincja Pomorze) was a province of Prussia from 1815 to 1945. Pomerania was established as a province of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815, an expansion of the older Brandenburg-Prussia province of Pomerania, and then became part of the German Empire in 1871. From 1918, Pomerania was a province of the Free State of Prussia until it was dissolved following World War II by decree of the Allied Control Council with the de jure abolition of Prussia on 25 February 1947, and its territory divided between Poland and Allied-occupied Germany. The city of Stettin (present-day Szczecin, Poland) was the provincial capital.
Julia Child
Julia Carolyn Child (née McWilliams; August 15, 1912 – August 13, 2004) was an American chef, author, and television personality. She is recognized for having brought French cuisine to the American public with her debut cookbook, Mastering the Art of French Cooking, and her subsequent television programs, the most notable of which was The French Chef, which premiered in 1963.

Mastering the Art of French Cooking
Mastering the Art of French Cooking is a two-volume French cookbook written by Simone Beck and Louisette Bertholle, both from France, and Julia Child, from the United States. The book was written for the American market and published by Knopf in 1961 (Volume 1) and 1970 (Volume 2).

The success of Volume 1 resulted in Julia Child being given her own television show, The French Chef, one of the first cooking programs on American television. Historian David Strauss claimed in 2011 that the publication of Mastering the Art of French Cooking "did more than any other event in the last half century to reshape the gourmet dining scene".
R55 (South Africa)
The R55 is a north-south provincial route in Gauteng, South Africa that connects Sandton with Pretoria. It passes Woodmead, Kyalami, Olievenhoutbosch, Heuweloord, Sunderland Ridge, Erasmia, Laudium/Claudius, West Park, the Daspoort Tunnel and Danville. It connects with the M1, N14, and R80 highways. It also has dual carriageway sections designated as the P66-1 and K71 by the Gauteng Department of Roads and Transport.

N14 (South Africa)
The N14 is a national route in South Africa which runs from Springbok in the Northern Cape to Pretoria in Gauteng. It passes through Upington, Kuruman, Vryburg, Krugersdorp and Centurion. The section between Pretoria and Krugersdorp is maintained by the Gauteng Department of Roads and Transport and is also designated the P158.
Kenneth Polite
Kenneth Allen Polite Jr. (born 1976) is an American lawyer who previously served as the assistant attorney general for the criminal division in the United States Department of Justice from 2021 to 2023. He also served as a United States attorney for the Eastern District of Louisiana from 2013 to 2017.

United States Department of Justice Criminal Division
The United States Department of Justice Criminal Division is a federal agency of the United States Department of Justice that develops, enforces, and supervises the application of all federal criminal laws in the United States. Criminal Division attorneys prosecute many nationally significant cases and formulate and implement criminal enforcement policy. Division attorneys also provide advice and guidance to the attorney general of the United States, the United States Congress, and the White House on matters of criminal law. The Division was founded in 1919.
Portability testing
Portability testing is the process of determining the degree of ease or difficulty to which a software component or application can be effectively and efficiently transferred from one hardware, software or other operational or usage environment to another. The test results, defined by the individual needs of the system, are some measurement of how easily the component or application will be to integrate into the environment and these results will then be compared to the software system's non-functional requirement of portability for correctness. The levels of correctness are usually measured by the cost to adapt the software to the new environment compared to the cost of redevelopment.

Software portability
Software portability is a design objective for source code to be easily made to run on different platforms. An aid to portability is the generalized abstraction between the application logic and system interfaces. When software with the same functionality is produced for several computing platforms, portability is the key issue for development cost reduction.
Kronecker–Weber theorem
In algebraic number theory, it can be shown that every cyclotomic field is an abelian extension of the rational number field Q, having Galois group of the form . The Kronecker–Weber theorem provides a partial converse: every finite abelian extension of Q is contained within some cyclotomic field. In other words, every algebraic integer whose Galois group is abelian can be expressed as a sum of roots of unity with rational coefficients. For example,

and

The theorem is named after Leopold Kronecker and Heinrich Martin Weber.

Leopold Kronecker
Leopold Kronecker (German: [ˈkʁoːnɛkɐ]; 7 December 1823 – 29 December 1891) was a German mathematician who worked on number theory, abstract algebra and logic, and criticized Georg Cantor's work on set theory.  Heinrich Weber quoted Kronecker
as having said, "Die ganzen Zahlen hat der liebe Gott gemacht, alles andere ist Menschenwerk" ("God made the integers, all else is the work of man").
Kronecker was a student and life-long friend of Ernst Kummer.
Guy W. Calissi
Guy W. Calissi (November 28, 1909 – December 6, 1980), was an American Democratic Party politician, prosecutor, lawyer and judge, who served for seven years as Mayor of Wood-Ridge, New Jersey, 16 years as Bergen County, New Jersey prosecutor and was appointed in 1970 to serve as a judge on New Jersey Superior Court, a post he served in until his mandatory retirement at age 70 in the year before his death.

Wood-Ridge, New Jersey
Wood-Ridge is a borough in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 10,137, an increase of 2,511 (+32.9%) from the 2010 census count of 7,626, which in turn reflected a decline of 18 (-0.2%) from the 7,644 counted in the 2000 census.

Wood-Ridge was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on December 6, 1894, from portions of Bergen Township, based on the results of a referendum held the previous day. The borough was formed during the "Boroughitis" phenomenon then sweeping through Bergen County, in which 26 boroughs were formed in the county in 1894 alone.
Berton Roueché
Clarence Berton Roueché, Jr. (/ruːˈʃeɪ/ roo-SHAY; April 16, 1910 – April 28, 1994) was an American medical writer who wrote for The New Yorker magazine for almost fifty years. He wrote twenty books, including Eleven Blue Men (1954), The Incurable Wound (1958), Feral (1974), and The Medical Detectives (1980). An article he wrote for The New Yorker was made into the 1956 film Bigger Than Life, and many of the medical mysteries on the television show House were inspired by Roueché's writings.

Eleven Blue Men
Eleven Blue Men, and Other Narratives of Medical Detection is a collection of twelve true short stories written by Berton Roueché and published in 1953.  Each story, including the titular story Eleven Blue Men, was originally published in the "Annals of Medicine" section of The New Yorker between 1947 and 1953.
MiniMetro
MiniMetro is a family of cable-propelled automated people mover systems built by HTI Group.  The vehicles run on either rails or an air cushion and have either a detachable grip (to the cable) or a fixed grip. Leitner has a test track for the vehicles in Vipiteno, Italy. The current maximum capacity of the system is around 8,000 passengers per hour. The latest system installed with the MiniMetro brand was the Miami International Airport eTrain in 2016.

MIA e Train
The MIA e Train is one of three automated people mover systems operating at Miami International Airport (along with the Skytrain and the MIA Mover). The MIA e Train connects the satellite building of Concourse E (which contains gates E20-E33) with the rest of Concourse E (Gates E2-E11) which is connected to the main terminal. The system opened in 2016 replacing an earlier system and was built at a cost of $87 million.