hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Bacon (cosmologist)
David Bacon is a British cosmologist who is professor and director of the Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation at the University of Portsmouth. He researches the large-scale structure of the universe, particularly through cosmic shear. He is involved in several international collaborations.

Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth
The Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation is a research institute at the University of Portsmouth devoted to topics in cosmology, galaxy evolution and gravitation. It has nearly 50 staff, post-docs and students working on subjects from inflation in the early Universe to understanding the stellar populations in galaxies.

Research at the Institute is supported by grants from STFC (the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council), the Royal Society and the European Union.
Celebratory gunfire
Celebratory gunfire is the shooting of a firearm into the air in celebration.  Notable incidents have occurred throughout the world, even in countries where the practice is illegal.

Common occasions for celebratory gunfire include New Year's Day as well as religious holidays. The practice sometimes results in random death and injury from stray bullets. Property damage is another result of celebratory gunfire; shattered windows and damaged roofs are sometimes found after such celebrations.

Stray bullet
A stray bullet is a bullet that, after being fired from a gun, hits an unintended target. Such a shooting accident may occur due to missing a target when hunting or sport-shooting or celebrating weddings, as a result of accidental/negligent discharges, or during crossfire or celebratory gunfire.

In the Philippines, incidents involving stray bullets (Filipino: Ligaw na Bala) rose during the New Year revelry. The Philippine National Police reportedly recorded 52 stray bullet incidents during between December 16, 2015 and January 5, 2016, in which 42 victims were injured. In Latin America, a UN report found 741 cases between 2014 and 2015, with the 3 leading countries being Brazil (197 cases), Mexico (116 cases) and Colombia (101 cases).
Oestokerkus
Oestokerkus is an extinct genus of Cambrian megacheiran marine arthropod known from the Emu Bay Shale of Kangaroo Island, Australia. It belongs to the family Leanchoiliidae. It had a large head shield that was more than a third of the trunk's length, as well as a pair of large eyes. The great appendages have long flagellae projecting from them. The head shield probably had two pairs of cephalic appendages. The trunk has 11 segments. The exopods of the biramous limbs are fringed with long setae. The body ended with a telson, which was probably dorsally flattened.

Megacheira
Megacheira (from Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas), meaning "great", and χείρ (kheír), meaning "hand", also historically great appendage arthropods) is an extinct class of predatory arthropods defined by their possession of spined "great appendages". Their taxonomic position is controversial, with studies generally either considering them stem-group euarthropods, or stem-group chelicerates. The homology of the great appendages to the cephalic appendages of other arthropods is also controversial. Uncontested members of the group were present in marine environments worldwide from the lower Cambrian to the upper Ordovician.
Baby Face Nelson (1957 film)
Baby Face Nelson is a 1957 American film noir crime film based on the real-life 1930s gangster, directed by Don Siegel, co-written by Daniel Mainwaring—who also wrote the screenplay for Siegel's 1956 sci-fi thriller Invasion of the Body Snatchers—and starring Mickey Rooney, Carolyn Jones, Cedric Hardwicke, Leo Gordon as Dillinger, Anthony Caruso, Jack Elam, John Hoyt and Elisha Cook Jr.

Baby Face Nelson
Lester Joseph Gillis (December 6, 1908 – November 27, 1934), also known as George Nelson and Baby Face Nelson, was an American bank robber who became a criminal partner of John Dillinger when he helped Dillinger escape from prison in Crown Point, Indiana. Later, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) announced that Nelson and the remaining gang of bank robbers were collectively "Public Enemy Number One".

The "Baby Face Nelson" nickname derived from Gillis being a short man with a youthful appearance; however, in the professional realm, Gillis's fellow criminals addressed him as "Jimmy". A violent bank robber, Lester Joseph Gillis has killed more agents of the FBI than any other criminal. FBI agents fatally wounded Baby Face Nelson in The Battle of Barrington (27 November 1934), fought in a suburb of Chicago.
Helge Lien
Helge Lien (born 23 April 1975) is a Norwegian jazz pianist, composer and band leader. He has in recent years also developed a passion for photography and digital processing of images and has passion for powerful melancholy, dynamics and detail.

Live Maria Roggen
Live Maria Roggen (born 22 March 1970) is a Norwegian jazz singer, songwriter, and composer.

Roggen was born in Oslo and educated at Foss High School (violin and vocals). She studied sociology and musicology intermediate at the University of Oslo and Jazz Line at Trøndelag Conservatory of Music (NTNU) (1995–1998). She worked as a jazz and singing teacher at the Sund folkehøgskole, Høgskolen in Agder (music conservatory) and at Trøndelag Conservatory of Music (NTNU). Since 2006, associate professor, and since 2012 has been professor of jazz singing at the Norwegian Academy of Music. She is the older sister of the twin sisters Ane Carmen and Ida Roggen from the Norwegian vocal band Pitsj.
Friedrich Graf von der Schulenburg
Friedrich Bernhard Karl Gustav Ulrich Erich Graf von der Schulenburg (21 November 1865 – 19 May 1939) was a German professional army officer who became a Royal Prussian Army general during World War I. He became a member of the Nazi Party during the inter-war period and joined the Nazi paramilitary Sturmabteilung (SA) and Schutzstaffel (SS), attaining the rank of SS-Obergruppenführer. He also served as a Nazi Reichstag deputy from 1934 to his death.

Obergruppenführer
Obergruppenführer (German: [ˈoːbɐˌɡʁʊpm̩fyːʁɐ], lit. 'senior group leader') was a paramilitary rank in Nazi Germany that was first created in 1932 as a rank of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and adopted by the Schutzstaffel (SS) one year later. Until April 1942, it was the highest commissioned SS rank after only Reichsführer-SS. Translated as "senior group leader", the rank of Obergruppenführer was senior to Gruppenführer. A similarly named rank of Untergruppenführer existed in the SA from 1929 to 1930 and as a title until 1933. In April 1942, the new rank of SS-Oberst-Gruppenführer was created which was above Obergruppenführer and below Reichsführer-SS.
Hartmann von Aue
Hartmann von Aue, also known as Hartmann von Ouwe, (born c. 1160–70, died c. 1210–20) was a German knight and poet. With his works including Erec, Iwein, Gregorius, and Der arme Heinrich, he introduced the Arthurian romance into German literature and, with Wolfram von Eschenbach and Gottfried von Strassburg, was one of the three great epic poets of Middle High German literature.

Der arme Heinrich
Der arme Heinrich (Poor Heinrich) is a Middle High German narrative poem by Hartmann von Aue.  It was probably written in the 1190s and was the second to last of Hartmann's four epic works.  Combining courtly and religious narrative patterns, it tells the story of a noble knight who has been stricken by God with leprosy and can be cured only by the heart's blood of a virgin who willingly sacrifices herself for his salvation.
Sino-Korean Friendship Bridge
The Sino-Korean Friendship Bridge, or China–North Korea Friendship Bridge, is a bridge across the Yalu or Amnok River on the China–North Korea border. It connects the cities of Dandong in China and Sinuiju of North Korea, by railway and roadway but pedestrians are not allowed to cross between either side. The bridge serves as one of the few ways to enter or leave North Korea.

It was renamed to its current name from the Yalu (Amnok) River Bridge in 1990. The bridge was constructed by the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) between April 1937 and May 1943 during its occupation of Korea and its puppet state of Manchukuo (now northeast China). Further downstream, construction work on the New Yalu River Bridge began in October 2010.

Yalu River Broken Bridge
The Yalu River Broken Bridge (simplified Chinese: 鸭绿江断桥; traditional Chinese: 鴨綠江斷橋; pinyin: Yālù Jiāng Duàn Qiáo) is a truncated railway swing bridge converted to a viewing platform and historical site. Constructed in 1911 by the Empire of Japan, it was the first bridge built across the Yalu River and connected the Chinese city of Dandong with the Korean city of Sinuiju, linking Japanese-ruled Korea to the Eurasian rail network. The bridge originally consisted of twelve truss spans supported by stone foundations in the riverbed. During the Korean War, the eight spans over the Korean side of the river were badly damaged by American bombing, and were subsequently dismantled. The bridge was not rebuilt. Instead, the remaining four spans over the Chinese side of the river were converted to a walkway, a viewing platform, and a historical site.
Juan Antonio Arguelles Rius
Juan Antonio Arguelles Rius (November 2, 1978 – June 3, 2007), also known as Arguru (sometimes Argu), was a prolific music software programmer and electronic musician, producer and songwriter, responsible for such applications as NoiseTrekker and Directwave. Worked for the company discoDSP and was later hired by Image-Line and involved in the development of Deckadance and FL Studio 7. Arguru died in a car accident on June 3, 2007.

Renoise
Renoise is a digital audio workstation (DAW) based upon the heritage and development of tracker software. Its primary use is the composition of music using sound samples, soft synths, and effects plug-ins. It is also able to interface with MIDI and OSC equipment. The main difference between Renoise and other music software is the characteristic vertical timeline sequencer used by tracking software.
Kamli (2006 film)
Kamli is a 2006 Indian Telugu-language drama film directed by K. N. T. Sastry. The film stars Nandita Das in the title role of a Lambada girl. The film's lyrics were written by Suddala Ashok Teja. The film was showcased at the Busan International Film Festival in Korea and the Asian Film Festival in Mumbai.

K. N. T. Sastry
Kanaala Nanjunda Tirumala Sastry (5 September 1945 – 13 September 2018) was an Indian film critic, screenwriter, director, littérateur, and producer, known for his works predominantly in Telugu cinema. He has garnered six National Film Awards, three Nandi Awards and three International honors.

He served as chairman of critics Jury at National Film Awards.  Sastry was a jury member of Vladivostok International Film Festival 2003; five time jury member for Indian Panorama-International Film Festival of India; jury member the Nandi Awards, Government of Andhra Pradesh, and Fipresci jury member at Kinotavr film festival and Busan International Film Festival.

Sastry's Thilaadanam received "New Currents Award" at the 7th Busan International Film Festival. He worked on many research projects with veteran director B. Narsing Rao. Sastry's English Documentary Harvesting Baby Girls won the Special Jury Award at International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam.
Ahmed Ould Daddah
Ahmed Ould Daddah (Arabic: أحمد ولد داداه, born 7 August 1942) is a Mauritanian economist and a politician. He is a half-brother of Moktar Ould Daddah, the first President of Mauritania, and belongs to the Marabout Ouled Birri tribe. He is currently the President of the Rally of Democratic Forces (RFD) and was designated as the official Leader of the opposition following the 2007 presidential election, in which he came second.

2007 Mauritanian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Mauritania on 11 March 2007. As no candidate received a majority of the votes, a second round was held on 25 March between the top two candidates, Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi and Ahmed Ould Daddah. Abdallahi won the second round with about 53% of the vote and took office in April.

The 2007 election followed a military coup in August 2005 that ousted long-time President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya. The head of the junta, Ely Ould Mohamed Vall, said that he and the other members of the junta would not run for president in the election, which marks the last stage of the transition to civilian rule.
Thalisain
Thalisain is a town and tehsil of Pauri Garhwal district in the North Indian state of Uttarakhand. At an elevation of 1690 metres from sea level, it is situated on a gentle slope above the right bank of Nayaar (East) river. It is in the southwestern foothills of Dudhatoli Range and at a distance of 83 kilometers from Pauri town (headquarters of Pauri Garhwal district) and 95 kilometers from Gairsain, the future capital of Uttarakhand.

Pauri Garhwal district
Pauri Garhwal district is a district in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. Its headquarters is in the town of Pauri. It is sometimes referred to simply as Garhwal district, though it should not be confused with the larger Garhwal region of which it is only a part of.
Adjuvant therapy
Adjuvant therapy, also known as adjunct therapy, adjuvant care, or augmentation therapy, is a therapy that is given in addition to the primary or initial therapy to maximize its effectiveness. The surgeries and complex treatment regimens used in cancer therapy have led the term to be used mainly to describe adjuvant cancer treatments. An example of such adjuvant therapy is the additional treatment usually given after surgery where all detectable disease has been removed, but where there remains a statistical risk of relapse due to the presence of undetected disease. If known disease is left behind following surgery, then further treatment is not technically adjuvant.

An adjuvant used on its own specifically refers to an agent that improves the effect of a vaccine. Medications used to help primary medications are known as add-ons.

Therapy
A therapy or medical treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis. Both words, treatment and therapy, are often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx.

As a rule, each therapy has indications and contraindications.  There are many different types of therapy.  Not all therapies are effective.  Many therapies can produce unwanted adverse effects.

Treatment and therapy are often synonymous, especially in the usage of health professionals. However,  in the context of mental health, the term therapy may refer specifically to psychotherapy.

A therapist is a person who offers any modality of therapy. Therapist refers to trained professionals engaged in providing services any kind of treatment or rehabilitation.
David Bradford House
The David Bradford House is a historic house museum at 175 South Main Street in Washington, Pennsylvania.  Completed in 1788, it was the home of David Bradford, a leader of the Whiskey Rebellion.  It has both architectural and historic importance, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1983.  It is open weekly between April and November, or by appointment.

Washington, Pennsylvania
Washington is a city in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. The population was 13,176 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area in southwestern Pennsylvania. Nicknamed "Little Washington" to distinguish it from Washington, D.C., the city is home to Washington & Jefferson College and Pony League baseball.
Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye
The Fareynikte Partizaner Organizatsye (Yiddish: פֿאַראײניקטע פּאַרטיזאַנער אָרגאַניזאַציע‎; "United Partisan Organization"; referred to as FPO by its Yiddish initials) was a Jewish resistance organization based in the Vilna Ghetto in German-occupied Lithuania and founded on January 21, 1942. The clandestine organisation was established by Communists as well as left- and right-wing Zionists. Their leaders were the Communist Yitzhak Wittenberg, Socialist Abba Kovner, and revisionist Betar member Josef Glazman.

Abba Kovner
Abba Kovner (Hebrew: אבא קובנר; 14 March 1918 – 25 September 1987) was a Jewish partisan leader, and later Israeli poet and writer. In the Vilna Ghetto, his 1942 manifesto was the first time that a target of the Holocaust identified the German plan to murder all Jews. His attempt to organize a ghetto uprising failed. He fled into the forest, joined Soviet partisans, and survived the war.

After the war, Kovner led Nakam, a paramilitary and terrorist organization of Holocaust survivors who sought to take revenge by murdering six million Germans, but Kovner was arrested in British-occupied Germany before he could successfully carry out his plans. He made aliyah to Mandatory Palestine in 1947, which would become the State of Israel one year later. Considered one of the greatest authors of Modern Hebrew poetry, Kovner was awarded the Israel Prize in 1970.
RX J0822−4300
RX J0822−4300, often referred to as a "Cosmic Cannonball", is a radio-quiet neutron star currently moving away from the center of the Puppis A supernova remnant at 672±115 km/s, making it one of the fastest moving stars ever found. Earlier, it was believed to move with speed as high as 1,500 km/s. Astronomers used NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory to observe the star over a period of 11 years to determine its speed.

Although the cosmic cannonball is not the only hypervelocity star discovered, it is unique in the apparent origin of its speed. Others may have derived theirs from a gravitational slingshot around the Milky Way's suspected supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A*. Current theories fail to explain how such speeds can be attained from a supernova explosion. It could be a possible quark star.

Puppis A
Puppis A (Pup A) is a supernova remnant (SNR) about 100 light-years in diameter and roughly 6500–7000 light-years distant.  Its apparent angular diameter is about 1 degree. The light of the supernova explosion reached Earth approximately 3700 years ago.  Although it overlaps the Vela Supernova Remnant, it is four times more distant.

A hypervelocity neutron star known as the Cosmic Cannonball has been found in this SNR.
Henry Adams (shipbuilder)
Henry Adams (1713–1805) was a British Master Shipbuilder. He lived and worked at Bucklers Hard in Hampshire between 1744 and 1805.

His home is now known as The Master Builder's House Hotel, a 4-star hotel overlooking the Beaulieu River and the old slipways of Buckler's Hard. He was responsible for building many famous warships during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

Buckler's Hard
Buckler's Hard is a hamlet in the civil parish Beaulieu, in the New Forest district, in the county Hampshire, England, on the banks of the Beaulieu River. With its two rows of Georgian cottages running down to the river, Buckler's Hard is part of the 9,000-acre (3,600-hectare) Beaulieu Estate. The hamlet is 2+1⁄2 miles (4 kilometres) south of the village Beaulieu.
Charleville musket
The Charleville musket was a .69 caliber standard French infantry musket used in the 18th and 19th centuries. It was made in 1717 and was last produced during the 1840s. However, it still saw limited use in conflicts through the mid-19th century (such as the Crimean War).

Potzdam Musket
The Potzdam musket was the standard infantry weapon of the Royal Prussian Army (German: Königlich Preußische Armee) from the 18th century until the military reforms of the 1840s. Four models were produced—in 1723, 1740, 1809 and 1831.
Grouper (musician)
Grouper is the solo project of musician, artist and producer Liz Harris (born July 15, 1980). She has released material on her own label and other independent labels since 2005. Grouper released the critically acclaimed Dragging a Dead Deer Up a Hill in 2008, followed by five more records, including a two-part album, A I A, and the piano-led album Ruins. Her twelfth album, Shade, was released in 2021.

Grouper has collaborated with a number of other artists, including Xiu Xiu, Tiny Vipers (as the duo Mirrorring), Roy Montgomery, The Bug, Inca Ore, Lawrence English (as Slow Walkers), Jefre Cantu-Ledesma (as Raum) and Paul Clipson. The critic Brett Abrahamsen referred to her as a "genius of modern music" in his 2022 profile of Roy Montgomery.

Roy Montgomery
Roy Montgomery (born 1959) is a composer, guitarist and lecturer from Christchurch, New Zealand. Montgomery's mostly instrumental solo works have elements of post-rock, lo-fi, folk and avant-garde experimentation. His signature sound might be described as atmospheric or cinematic, often featuring complex layers of chiming, echoing and/or droning guitar phrases. He is currently head of the environmental management department at Lincoln University in New Zealand.

Montgomery has played in several bands since the late 1970s, most notably The Pin Group, Dadamah, Dissolve and Hash Jar Tempo. He has released solo albums on labels including Kranky and Drunken Fish, as well as collaborations with artists like Flying Saucer Attack and Grouper. Music critic Brett Abrahamsen opined that "in a just and fair world... books would be written about Montgomery's greatness."
Mauritanian News Agency
The Mauritanian News Agency (AMI), (Arabic: الوكالة الموريتانية للأنباء, romanized: al-Wakālah al-Mūrītānīyah lil-Anbāʼ) was established in 1975 under the name "Agence Mauritanienne de Presse" (AMP). It is the state-run and official news agency with headquarters based in Nouakchott.

The agency provides its customers with a news feed in Arabic, French and more recently English, covering national, regional, and international events. It has a network of correspondents and regional offices covering the country. The Mauritanian News Agency also provides an SMS information service. In addition to its agency services, the AMI publishes two newspapers and has developed a cooperation with Maghreb news agencies, the Federation of Arab News Agencies (FANA), the Alliance of Mediterranean News Agencies (AMAN).

Federation of Arab News Agencies
The Federation of Arab News Agencies (FANA; Arabic: اتحاد وكالات الأنباء العربية, romanized: Ittiḥād Wikālāt al-Anbāʾ al-ʿArabiyya, abbr. فانا), a branch of the Arab League, is a membership organization for Arabic-language, national news agencies, currently of 19 members and established in 1975 in Beirut, Lebanon.
Zdeněk Štybar
Zdeněk Štybar (Czech pronunciation: [ˈzdɛɲɛk ˈʃtɪbar]; born 11 December 1985) is a Czech former professional cyclist, who rode professionally in cyclo-cross and road bicycle racing between 2005 and 2024 for Telenet–Fidea, the Quick-Step Alpha Vinyl Team and Team Jayco–AlUla.

In the early part of his career, Štybar prioritised competing in cyclo-cross, where he won three world titles – in 2010, 2011 and 2014 – as well as six consecutive national titles and overall victories in both the 2009–10 UCI Cyclo-cross World Cup and the 2009–10 Cyclo-cross Superprestige. Signing for Quick-Step in 2011, Štybar competed more readily in road racing, ultimately winning Grand Tour stages at the 2013 Vuelta a España and the 2015 Tour de France, the Czech National Road Race Championships in 2014 and 2017, and multiple one-day races. Over his professional career, Štybar took more than 60 victories across both disciplines.

2014 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships – Men's elite race
This event was held on 2 February 2014 as part of the 2014 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships in Hoogerheide, Netherlands. Participants must be men born in 1991 or before. It was won by Zdeněk Štybar of Czech Republic.