hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
March Days
The March Days or March Events (Azerbaijani: Mart hadisələri) was a period of inter-ethnic strife and clashes which  took place between 30 March – 2 April 1918 in the city of Baku and adjacent areas of the Baku Governorate of the Transcaucasian Commissariat.

Facilitated by a political power struggle between Bolsheviks with the support of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnaktsutiun) on one side and the Azerbaijani Musavat Party on another, the events led to rumours of a possible Muslim revolt on the part of Bolshevik and Dashnak forces and the establishment of the short-lived Baku Commune in April 1918.

Most historic sources and accounts interpret the March events in the context of civil war unrest, while contemporary Azerbaijani sources officially refers to the March Days as a genocide. These were followed by the September days where 10,000 ethnic Armenians were massacred by Army of Islam and their local Azerbaijani allies upon capturing Baku.

Islamic Army of the Caucasus
The Islamic Army of the Caucasus (Azerbaijani: Qafqaz İslam Ordusu; Turkish: Kafkas İslâm Ordusu) (also translated as Caucasian Army of Islam in some sources) was a military unit of the Ottoman Empire formed on July 10, 1918. The Ottoman Minister of War, Enver Pasha, ordered its establishment, and it played a major role during the Caucasus Campaign of World War I.
Haldimand Rifles
The Haldimand Rifles was an infantry regiment of the Non-Permanent Active Militia of the Canadian Militia (now the Canadian Army). In 1936, the regiment was Amalgamated with The Dufferin Rifles of Canada to form The Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada (now the 56th Field Artillery Regiment, RCA).

Dufferin Rifles of Canada
The Dufferin Rifles of Canada was an infantry regiment of the Canadian Non-Permanent Active Militia (now the Canadian Army) 1866-1936.

In 1936, the regiment was amalgamated with the Haldimand Rifles to form the Dufferin and Haldimand Rifles of Canada. Later that unit was converted to artillery as the 56th Field Artillery Regiment, RCA.

Notable members of the regiment included Sergeant William Merrifield, who won the Victoria Cross, and Lieutenant-General Ernest Charles Ashton.
Ovalentaria
Ovalentaria is a clade of ray-finned fishes within the Percomorpha, referred to as a subseries. It is made up of a group of fish families which are referred to in Fishes of the World's fifth edition as incertae sedis, as well as the orders Mugiliformes, Cichliformes, and Blenniiformes. It was named by W. L. Smith and T. J. Near in Wainwright et al. (2012) based on a molecular phylogeny, but the authors suggested that the group was united by the presence of demersal eggs that are attached to a substrate. Some authors have used the ordinal name Stiassnyiformes for a clade including Mugiloidei, Plesiopidae, Blenniiformes, Atherinomorpha, and Cichlidae, and this grouping does appear to be monophyletic.

Blenniiformes
Blenniiformes is an order of percomorph fish in the clade Ovalentaria, of which it is the most diverse group. This order contains several well-known fish groups such as blennies and damselfish.

The term is derived from the Latin word blennius, which itself comes from the Ancient Greek word βλεννός (blennos), meaning "mucus" or "slime." This refers to the slimy coating that is often found on the scales of blenny fish.

The earliest known member of this order is the stem group-damselfish Chaychanus from the Early Paleocene of Mexico.
Battling with Buffalo Bill
Battling with Buffalo Bill is a 1931 American pre-Code Western serial film directed by Ray Taylor and starring Tom Tyler, Lucile Browne, William Desmond, Rex Bell, and Francis Ford.

Based on the book The Great West That Was by William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody, the film is about a cowboy named Buffalo Bill who goes up against a shady gambler who is attempting to scare off the townspeople so he can gain possession of a gold strike. When a nearby Indian tribe is provoked into attacking the town, the cavalry rides in to the rescue. Cody's book was also used as the inspiration for the studio's highly successful 1930 serial The Indians Are Coming.
Battling with Buffalo Bill was Universal Pictures's 78th serial, the 10th with sound and 4th with full sound, of the studio's total of 137 serials.

The Indians Are Coming
The Indians Are Coming is a 1930 American Pre-Code
Universal movie serial based on The Great West That Was by William "Buffalo Bill" Cody. The serial was the first "all-talking" (complete sound rather than a silent movie with occasional sound sections) film of its kind.  It played at The Roxy Theatre and was responsible for saving the film serial format into the sound era.
Dual impedance
Dual impedance and dual network are terms used in electronic network analysis. The dual of an impedance  is its reciprocal, or algebraic inverse . For this reason, the dual impedance is also called the inverse impedance. Another way of stating this is that the dual of  is the admittance .

The dual of a network is the network whose impedances are the duals of the original impedances.  In the case of a black-box network with multiple ports, the impedance looking into each port must be the dual of the impedance of the corresponding port of the dual network.

This is consistent with the general notion duality of electric circuits, where the voltage and current are interchanged, etc., since  yields

Parts of this article or section rely on the reader's knowledge of the complex impedance representation of capacitors and inductors and on knowledge of the frequency domain representation of signals.

Duality (electrical circuits)
In electrical engineering, electrical terms are associated into pairs called duals.  A dual of a relationship is formed by interchanging voltage and current in an expression. The dual expression thus produced is of the same form, and the reason that the dual is always a valid statement can be traced to the duality of electricity and magnetism.

Here is a partial list of electrical dualities:

voltage – current

parallel – series (circuits)

resistance – conductance

voltage division – current division

impedance – admittance

capacitance – inductance

reactance – susceptance

short circuit – open circuit

Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) – Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL)

Thévenin's theorem – Norton's theorem
C.A. Thayer (1895)
C.A. Thayer is a schooner built in 1895 near Eureka, California. The schooner has been preserved and open to the public at the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park since 1963. She is one of the last survivors of the sailing schooners in the West coast lumber trade to San Francisco from Washington, Oregon, and Northern California.  She was designated a National Historic Landmark on 13 November 1966.

San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park
The San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park is located in San Francisco, California, United States. The park includes a fleet of historic vessels, a visitor center, a maritime museum, and a library/research facility. Formerly referred to as the San Francisco Maritime Museum, the collections were acquired by the National Park Service in 1978. The San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park was authorized in 1988; the maritime museum is among the park's many cultural resources. The park also incorporates the Aquatic Park Historic District, bounded by Van Ness Avenue, Polk Street, and Hyde Street.
RHPPC
The RHPPC is a radiation hardened processor based on PowerPC 603e technology licensed from Motorola (now Freescale) and manufactured by Honeywell. The RHPPC is equivalent to the commercial PowerPC 603e processor with the minor exceptions of the phase locked loop (PLL) and the processor version register (PVR). The RHPPC processor is compatible with the PowerPC architecture (Book I-III), the PowerPC 603e programmers interface and is also supported by common PowerPC software tools and embedded operating systems, like VxWorks.

PowerPC 600
The PowerPC 600 family was the first family of PowerPC processors built. They were designed at the Somerset facility in Austin, Texas, jointly funded and staffed by engineers from IBM and Motorola as a part of the AIM alliance. Somerset was opened in 1992 and its goal was to make the first PowerPC processor and then keep designing general purpose PowerPC processors for personal computers. The first incarnation became the PowerPC 601 in 1993, and the second generation soon followed with the PowerPC 603, PowerPC 604 and the 64-bit PowerPC 620.
Conjugate gradient squared method
In numerical linear algebra, the conjugate gradient squared method (CGS) is an iterative algorithm for solving systems of linear equations of the form , particularly in cases where computing the transpose  is impractical. The CGS method was developed as an improvement to the biconjugate gradient method.

Biconjugate gradient method
In mathematics, more specifically in numerical linear algebra, the biconjugate gradient method is an algorithm to solve systems of linear equations

Unlike the conjugate gradient method, this algorithm does not require the matrix  to be self-adjoint, but instead one needs to perform multiplications by the conjugate transpose A*.
Abu Dhabi TV
Abu Dhabi TV (Arabic: قناة أبوظبي) is an Emirates-based television channel that was originally launched in 1969. It broadcasts content from Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, and is owned by Abu Dhabi Media.

Abu Dhabi TV is managed by the Abu Dhabi Media. It is managed through its previous attachment to the Ministry of Information and Culture since 1999 and current attachment to Abu Dhabi Media since February 2006, when the ministry was scrapped.

Abu Dhabi TV presents news bulletins every three hours. Abu Dhabi TV broadcasts content throughout the Arab world, Europe, Americas, and Australia.

Abu Dhabi Media Network
Abu Dhabi Media Network (ADMN; Arabic: شبكة أبو ظبي للإعلام, romanized: Shabakah Abū Ẓaby lil-Iʻlām) is the official media organization of the Government of Abu Dhabi. The organization was established in 1999.

The company manages over 20 brands in two categories. ADM brands include Abu Dhabi TV, Al Emarat TV, Abu Dhabi Sports Channel, Radio 1, Radio 2, National Geographic Abu Dhabi, Yas TV, The Holy Quran Radio, Emarat FM, Abu Dhabi Radio AM And FM, Star FM, Abu Dhabi Classic FM, and Kadak FM. It also includes Al-Ittihad, Zahrat Al Khaleej, Majid TV, and National Geographic Al Arabiya across the publishing platform. ADM operates websites as well as applications for Zahrat Al Khaleej, Majid, Zayed Digital TV, and Mohtawa.
SsangYong Group
SsangYong Group (Korean: 쌍용그룹; RR: Ssangyong geurup) was a South Korean chaebol (a Korean family-controlled conglomerate). Tracing its origins to 1939, by the 1970s it was one of the largest enterprise groups in the country, before disintegrating in the wake of the 1997 Asian financial crisis. Internationally, the group was best known as the parent of Ssangyong Engineering and Construction, SsangYong Cement, SsangYong Paper, Ssangyong Oil Refining, Ssangyong Investment & Securities, and SsangYong Motor Company  among its many interests.

The name SsangYong is taken from the Hanja characters 雙龍, which translate literally to "Double Dragon."

S-Oil
S-Oil Corporation (Korean: 에쓰-오일) is a petroleum and refinery company, headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It was established in 1976 under its original name Iran-Korea petroleum company (Korean: 한이석유). It produces petroleum, petrochemical, and lubricant products. The company was listed as a Fortune Global 500 company in 2009 (Rank 441).

S-Oil's Onsan Refinery in Ulsan, South Korea has a capacity of some 650,000 barrels per day (103,000 m3/d) in 2016.
Mladenovo
Mladenovo (Serbian Cyrillic: Младеново) is a village located in the Bačka Palanka municipality, in the South Bačka District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 3,358 people (2002 census).

Bačka Palanka
Bačka Palanka (Serbian Cyrillic: Бачка Паланка, pronounced [bâːtʃkaː pǎlaːnka]; Hungarian: Palánka) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It is situated on the left bank of the Danube. In 2022 the town had a total population of 25,476, while Bačka Palanka municipality had 48,265 inhabitants.
Greg Dyer
Gregory Charles Dyer (born 16 March 1959) is a former New South Wales and Australian wicketkeeper. Dyer played in six Tests and 23 ODIs from 1986 to 1988, including playing in the victorious 1987 World Cup Final. He toured India in 1986 as a back-up keeper.

Dyer replaced Tim Zoehrer for only a few Tests as his international career was cut short by the emergence of Ian Healy, along with a controversial incident in a Test match against New Zealand in 1987–88.  Dyer claimed to have caught New Zealand batsman Andrew Jones who was duly given out, although television replays showed the ball had touched the ground before being caught by Dyer. He was subsequently dropped from the team two matches later and retired from first-class cricket shortly thereafter.

He shares an Australian One Day International 7th-wicket partnership record with Steve Waugh.

In 2011, Dyer became the president of the Australian Cricketers' Association.

Tim Zoehrer
Timothy Joseph Zoehrer (born 25 September 1961) is a former Australian cricket player. He played as a wicket-keeper and is of Austrian descent.

He played ten Test matches between 1986 and 1987, touring New Zealand and India. He also played 22 One Day Internationals
The President's Pleasure (Singapore)
The President's Pleasure (TPP) in Singapore was a practice of indefinite imprisonment formerly applied to offenders who were convicted of capital offences (most notably murder and drug trafficking) but were below the age of 18 at the time of their crimes. Such offenders were not sentenced to death in accordance with the death penalty laws in Singapore; they were instead indefinitely detained by order of the President of Singapore. This is similarly practised contemporarily for offenders who were of unsound mind when they committed their crimes, who are thus indefinitely detained at prisons or medical facilities (notably the Institute of Mental Health) in Singapore.

Capital punishment in Singapore
Executions in Singapore are carried out by long drop hanging, and usually take place at dawn. Thirty-three offences—including murder, drug trafficking, terrorism, use of firearms and kidnapping—warrant the death penalty under Singaporean law.

In 2012, Singapore amended its laws to exempt some offences from the mandatory death sentence. In a 2005 survey by The Straits Times, 95% of Singaporeans were of the view that their country should retain the death penalty. The support steadily fell throughout the years due to the increasing liberal opinions of society. Despite the decline, a large majority of the public remains supportive of the use of the death penalty, with more than 80% of Singaporeans believing that their country should retain the death penalty in 2021.

The most recent execution conducted in Singapore took place on 13 February 2026, when a 62-year-old Singaporean was hanged for trafficking not less than 29.06g of diamorphine in his possession.
Roo
Roo is a fictional character created in 1926 by A. A. Milne and first featured in the book Winnie-the-Pooh. He is a young kangaroo (known as a joey) and his mother is Kanga. Like most other Pooh characters, Roo is based on a stuffed toy animal that belonged to Milne's son, Christopher Robin Milne. However, he was lost in the 1930s in an apple orchard somewhere in Sussex.

Roo participates in the adventures of a teddy bear called Winnie-the-Pooh and his friends Piglet, a small toy pig; Eeyore, a toy donkey; Owl, a live owl; Rabbit, a live rabbit; and Christopher Robin, a human boy. Roo is introduced in the chapter entitled "In Which Kanga and Baby Roo Come to the Forest and Piglet has a Bath." Roo's friend Tigger does not appear until the sequel, The House at Pooh Corner. He would subsequently appear in various cartoons and other adaptations.

Eeyore
Eeyore (/ˈiːɔːr/ ⓘ EE-or) is a fictional anthropomorphic stuffed donkey created by the English author A. A. Milne and the English illustrator E. H. Shepard. Eeyore is a character in the Winnie-the-Pooh book series, debuting in Winnie-the-Pooh (1926). The character is inspired by a stuffed toy that Milne had bought for his son Christopher Robin in Harrods department store.

Eeyore is an old, grey donkey and resident of the Hundred Acre Wood. Eeyore is generally characterised as pessimistic, depressed, and anhedonic.

Eeyore has been adapted into the Winnie the Pooh media franchise created by the Walt Disney Company. Debuting in Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree (1966), the character has been a mainstay of the series.
June Cohen
June Cohen is an American producer and entrepreneur. She is the CEO of WaitWhat, a media company she co-founded with Deron Triff. WaitWhat creates the podcasts Masters of Scale with Reid Hoffman, Should This Exist?, Meditative Story, and Spark & Fire. Cohen was also host of the podcast Sincerely X in  its first season. Until December 2015, she was the Executive Producer of TED Media for TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design). She led the effort to bring the conference online, launching the podcast series TEDTalks in 2006, the redesigned TED.com in 2007, the TED Open Translation Project in 2009, the TED Open TV Project in 2010 and TED Conversations in 2011. Cohen joined the TED staff in 2005. She also produced TED's year-round salons, edited the TED Blog, and co-curated and co-hosted the annual conference in Long Beach, with TED curator Chris Anderson. She lives in New York City.

Reid Hoffman
Reid Garrett Hoffman (born August 5, 1967) is an American Internet entrepreneur, venture capitalist, podcaster, and author. Hoffman is the co-founder and former executive chairman of LinkedIn, a business-oriented social network used primarily for professional networking. He is also chairman of venture capital firm Village Global, a co-founder of Inflection AI, a co-founder of Manas AI, and a board member at Arc Institute.

Hoffman has been an influential figure in political circles, being a member of the Bilderberg Group since at least 2011 and the Council on Foreign Relations since 2015. He has actively participated in political funding and advocacy, contributing to various campaigns and organizations, and has been a vocal proponent of democratic institutions and humanism in technological innovation. As of 2025, Forbes estimates his net worth to be $2.6 billion.
Rasu Madhuravan
Rasu Madhuravan (1969 – 9 July 2013) was a Tamil film director known for family dramas. He began his career as an assistant director to Manivannan, and made his directorial debut with Poomagal Oorvalam. He died on 9 July 2013 from throat cancer.

Manivannan
Manivannan  (31 July 1953 – 15 June 2013) was an Indian actor, film director, screenwriter, voice artist, playback singer and social activist who worked in Tamil cinema. In a career spanning three decades, he went from being a story and dialogue writer for director Bharathiraja from 1980–82 to a successful director who thrived in experimenting with different genres, before becoming an actor. With over 400 films to his name, Manivannan was one of the most experienced actors in the field and directed exactly 50 films. Manivannan was mainly a supporting actor in films and often played the comedian, supporting character and villainous roles.

He supported various political parties, including the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and the Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, both active in the state of Tamil Nadu. He later became affiliated with the Naam Tamilar Katchi. He had also long been a supporter of Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism.
Yerevan Ararat Brandy Factory
40°10′25″N 44°30′04″E﻿ / ﻿40.173633°N 44.501176°E﻿ / 40.173633; 44.501176

Yerevan Ararat Brandy Factory, officially known as the Yerevan Ararat Brandy-Wine-Vodka Factory (Armenian: Երևանի Արարատ կոնյակի-գինու-օղու կոմբինատ), commonly known by its famous brand Noy, is a leading Armenian brandy production company in Yerevan, Armenia, currently owned by Gagik Tsarukyan's Multi Group Concern. It was founded in 1877 during the rule of the Russian Empire. The factory is located on the left bank of the Hrazdan River at the centre of Yerevan, occupying the area of the historic Erivan Fortress.

Noy (brandy)
Noy (officially stylized as NOY), is an Armenian brandy (cognac-style) that has been produced by the Yerevan Ararat Brandy Factory since 1877. It was first known as "Armenian cognac" until 1899, when it was branded as "Shustov". With the establishment of Soviet Armenia in 1920, the production of Armenian brandy was nationalized and the brandy was popularized as "Shustov" until 1940, when the drink was labeled as "Ararat", after the re-organization of Armenian brandy production. After the independence of Armenia, the factory was privatized in 2002 and the produced brandy was re-labeled as NOY. It is made from Armenian grapes of Armavir and Vayots Dzor regions, and spring water, based on traditional methods.
It Takes a Man and a Woman
It Takes a Man and a Woman is a 2013 Filipino romantic comedy film directed by Cathy Garcia-Molina and written by Carmi Raymundo. It is a sequel to two earlier films A Very Special Love (2008) and You Changed My Life (2009). John Lloyd Cruz and Sarah Geronimo reprise their roles as Miggy Montenegro and Laida Magtalas respectively. The film is set two years after their break-up which occurred in a depicted flashback scene following events (not shown) in the preceding film.

Released in the Philippines on March 30, 2013, It Takes a Man and a Woman was a major commercial success. The film grossed ₱387 million in domestic sales. It is the 2nd highest-grossing film and the highest-grossing Filipino film released in the Philippines in 2013. During the FAMAS Award in 2014, it received three nominations including Best Actor, Best Actress and Best Editing.

You Changed My Life
You Changed My Life is a 2009 Filipino romantic comedy film directed by Cathy Garcia-Molina and starring John Lloyd Cruz and Sarah Geronimo. It is the sequel to the 2008 film A Very Special Love.

It received an “A” rating from the Cinema Evaluation Board of the Philippines.

Filming began in November 2008, and it was released on February 25, 2009, by Star Cinema and Viva Films. The film surpassed Sukob to become the highest grossing Filipino film at the time until it was surpassed by No Other Woman (2011). More newer films have surpassed the film. It is currently the twenty-first highest grossing Filipino film of all time.

A sequel, It Takes a Man and a Woman, was released on March 30, 2013.
Champions Indoor Football
Champions Indoor Football (CIF) was a professional indoor American football minor league created in 2014 out of the merger between the Champions Professional Indoor Football League (CPIFL) and Lone Star Football League (LSFL), plus one team from the Indoor Football League and two expansion teams.

The league maximum player salary as of 2022 was $200 per game, along with housing, medical and meal expenses. In the past the league used salary cap system which was divided amongst team players, with a minimum per game salary of $75 and a maximum of $300 with no other benefits.

The CIF merged with the new Arena Football League on October 5, 2023. Following several organizational changes, most of its surviving teams now reside in the National Arena League.

Champions Professional Indoor Football League
The Champions Professional Indoor Football League (CPIFL) was an indoor football minor league based along the Midwestern United States region. The league began play in February 2013. In August 2014, the CPIFL and Lone Star Football League (LSFL) completed a merger to form Champions Indoor Football (CIF) and began play in 2015.