hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Summerville, South Carolina
Summerville is a town in the U.S. state of South Carolina situated mostly in Dorchester County, with small portions in Berkeley and Charleston counties. It lies approximately five miles from the Ashley River. The population was 50,915 at the 2020 census, making it the seventh-most populous city in South Carolina. It is part of the Charleston metropolitan area.

Charleston metropolitan area, South Carolina
The Charleston metropolitan area is an urban area centered around Charleston, South Carolina. The U.S. Office of Management and Budget designates the area as the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, a metropolitan statistical area used for statistical purposes only by the United States Census Bureau and other federal agencies. The OMB defines the area as comprising Berkeley, Charleston and Dorchester counties, an area with 799,636 residents in the 2020 census.  Principal cities include Charleston, North Charleston, and Summerville. The area is commonly referred to as the Tri-County Area or the Lowcountry, though the latter term has historically referred to South Carolina's southern coast in general.
Great Park Synagogue (Johannesburg)
The Great Park Synagogue is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 75 4th Street, in Houghton, Johannesburg, in the region of Gauteng, South Africa.

The present building was consecrated in 2000, after the congregation vacated their long-time home, the Great Synagogue on Wolmarans Street, Hillbrow in 1994, after eighty years. The Wolmarans Street synagogue came to be known as the city's mother synagogue and "the crown jewel of Orthodox Judaism in South Africa." All large-scale Jewish events in Johannesburg were held in the building, and throughout its existence it was the seat of the country's chief rabbi. Northward migration by congregation members led to the synagogue closing its doors in 1994. The relocated synagogue was built on the model of the Great Synagogue, whose own architecture in turn was inspired by the Hagia Sophia. Great Park Synagogue was also the original name of the synagogue on Wolmarans Street before it became the Great Synagogue.

Houghton Estate
Houghton Estate, often simply called Houghton, is an affluent suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa, north-east of the city centre. The area was designated for white residents as part of the Group Areas Act during the apartheid era and became known as one of the city's upper-class neighbourhoods.

Historically, the area has attracted a significant number of Jewish residents and is the home of Johannesburg's flagship Orthodox synagogue, Great Park Synagogue. Helen Suzman, a Jewish politician represented the suburb as Member of Parliament for Houghton from 1953 to 1989. Suzman was succeeded by Tony Leon.

The suburb is also known for being the home of the late president, Nelson Mandela.
WhiteWater World
WhiteWater World is a seasonal water park situated in the suburb of Coomera on the Gold Coast, Australia. It is owned and operated by Coast Entertainment and is the sister park to Dreamworld.

After years of planning and a year of construction, WhiteWater World opened to the public on 8 December 2006. The ten Australian beach culture themed attractions cost approximately A$56 million. These included The Green Room, Super Tubes Hydrocoaster, The Rip, The BRO, Temple of Huey, Cave of Waves, Wiggle Bay, and Pipeline Plunge. Several more attractions have been added in the following years for Disney's Hollywood Studios, including The Little Rippers, The Wedgie, Triple Vortex and Fully 6, with plans for a $7 million expansion commencing in 2019, following the near completion of Tokyo DisneySea.

Coast Entertainment
Coast Entertainment Holdings Limited (formerly Ardent Leisure Group and Macquarie Leisure Trust) is an Australian leisure company. It operates Dreamworld, the largest theme park in Australia, WhiteWater World, a water park adjacent to Dreamworld, and the SkyPoint Observation Deck on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
5-Chloro-DMT
5-Chloro-DMT, or 5-Cl-DMT, also known as 5-chloro-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, is a psychedelic drug of the tryptamine family related to dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and other psychedelic tryptamines such as 5-bromo-DMT and 5-fluoro-DMT. It has been encountered as a novel designer drug.

5-Bromo-DMT
5-Bromo-DMT, or 5-Br-DMT, also known as 5-bromo-N,N-dimethyltryptamine or by informal names like sea DMT or SpongeBob DMT, is a psychedelic drug and brominated indole alkaloid of the tryptamine family related to dimethyltryptamine (DMT). It is the 5-bromo derivative of DMT. The drug is naturally occurring in the sponges Smenospongia aurea and Smenospongia echina, as well as in Verongula rigida (0.00142% dry weight) alongside 5,6-dibromo-DMT (0.35% dry weight) and seven other alkaloids. It has been encountered as a novel designer drug.
Alfredo Volpi
Alfredo Volpi (April 14, 1896 – May 28, 1988), was a prominent painter of the artistic and cultural Brazilian modernist movement. He was born in Lucca, Italy but, less than two years later, he was brought by his parents to São Paulo, Brazil, became a Brazilian citizen, and lived there for the majority of his life. He was one of the most important artists of the so-called Grupo Santa Helena, formed in the 1930s with Francisco Rebolo, Clóvis Graciano, Mario Zanini, Fulvio Pennacchi, and others.

Francisco Rebolo
Francisco Rebolo Gonsales, widely known as Francisco Rebolo or just Rebolo (August 22, 1902 – July 10, 1980), was a Brazilian painter and footballer. He was a son of Spanish immigrants that arrived into Brazil at the end of the 19th century.
Mgrdich Mgrian
Mgrdich Mgrian (Armenian: Մկրտիչ Մկրեան, romanized: Mkrtich’ Mkrean, also spelled Mıgır, Mığır, Migir in Turkish; 12 September 1882 – 1915) was one of two athletes who represented the Ottoman Empire in the Olympic Games which was held in Stockholm in 1912.

Mgrian participated in shot put, discus throw, two handed shot put, pentathlon, and decathlon competitions. Mgrdich Mgrian along with ethnic Armenian Vahram Papazyan were the only two athletes representing Turkey in the country's first official participation of the Olympics.

Vahram Papazyan (athlete)
Vahram Papazyan (Armenian: Վահրամ Փափազեան, romanized: Vahram P’ap’azean; 12 September 1892 – 6 March 1986) was an Armenian athlete. He was one of two athletes that represented the Ottoman Empire's first official appearance in the Olympic Games. Vahram Papazyan, along with fellow Armenian Mıgırdiç Mıgıryan, were the only two athletes who represented the empire in the country's first official participation of the Olympics. Papazyan participated in Men's 800 metres and Men's 1500 metres.
Polyaniline nanofibers
Polyaniline nanofibers are a high aspect form of polyaniline, a polymer consisting of aniline monomers, which appears as discrete long threads with an average diameter between 30 nm and 100 nm. Polyaniline is one of the oldest known conducting polymers, being known for over 150 years. Polyaniline nanofibers are often studied for their potential to enhance the properties of polyaniline or have additional beneficial properties due to the addition of a nanostructure to the polymer. Properties that make polyaniline useful can be seen in the nanofiber form as well, such as facile synthesis, environmental stability, and simple acid/base doping/dedoping chemistry. These and other properties have led to the formation of various applications for polyaniline nanofibers as actuators, memory devices, and sensors.

Polyaniline
Polyaniline (PANI) is a conducting polymer and organic semiconductor of the semi-flexible rod polymer family. The compound has been of interest since the 1980s because of its electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. Polyaniline is one of the most studied conducting polymers.
Ivan Salaverry
Ivan E. Salaverry (born January 11, 1971) is a Canadian mixed martial arts fighter and instructor. He is a member of Tito Ortiz's Team Punishment, and is known for his well-rounded skills. Salaverry is a middleweight veteran of the Ultimate Fighting Championship, BAMMA and the now-defunct World Fighting Alliance. He is also notable for being a pioneer of the crucifix-style position from side control, which is often referred to as "The Salaverry" during mixed martial arts broadcasts, particularly by UFC commentator Joe Rogan. He also holds notable wins over Andrei Semenov and Joe Riggs.

Andrei Semenov (fighter)
Andrei Vladimirovich Semenov (Russian: Андрей Владимирович Семенов, also sometimes transliterated as Andrei Semyonov; born June 17, 1977) is a Russian mixed martial artist and Sambo practitioner. He has also made forays into acting.

Semenov has fought within the UFC middleweight division, in M-1 events and Pride Bushido, with an overall MMA record of 34 wins, 9 losses and 2 draws.  He has been fighting in Mixed Martial Arts since 1998, and is famed for excellent throws, strong submission defense, superior stamina and being very resilient and hard to finish.
Thakur Prithi Chand
Colonel Thakur Prithi Chand, MVC, (1 January 1911 - 2000) was an officer of the Indian Army. He is known for his significant role in stalling Pakistani advances in Ladakh during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1947-48. For his role in this war, Thakur Prithi Chand is regarded among the 'Saviours of Ladakh', alongside Kushal Chand, Bhim Chand, and Chewang Rinchen.

Kushal Chand
Lieutenant Colonel Kushal Chand, MVC, (26 September 1919 – 9 April 1957; also spelled Khushal Chand) was an officer of the Indian Army. He is known for his significant role in stalling the progress of Pakistani forces into Ladakh, during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1947-48. For his role in this war, Thakur Kushal Chand is regarded among the 'Saviours of Ladakh', alongside Thakur Prithi Chand, Bhim Chand, and Chewang Rinchen.
Wisconsin Highway 30
State Trunk Highway 30 (often called Highway 30, STH-30 or WIS 30) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It runs east–west in suburban Madison as a connector freeway between Interstate 39, Interstate 90, and Interstate 94 at the Badger Interchange to US 151 east of Downtown Madison.  This section is all that remains of the highway that stood as of 1964 after I-94 was commissioned.  This is the second alignment of the route number - the first beginning in Platteville and ending in Readstown.

Interstate 39
Interstate 39 (I-39) is a north–south Interstate Highway in Illinois and Wisconsin that runs from an interchange at I-55 in Normal, Illinois, to State Trunk Highway 29 (WIS 29) approximately six miles (9.7 km) south of Wausau, Wisconsin. In total, Interstate 39 is 306.14 miles (492.68 km) long. In Illinois, the route has a total length of 140.82 miles (226.63 km); in Wisconsin, I-39 has a length of 182 miles (293 km).

Among the newest Interstate Highways in Illinois, I-39 was completed in 1992. Designed to replace U.S. Route 51 (US 51) with an Interstate-grade freeway, the highway runs concurrently with US 20 in Rockford before joining I-90. From Rockford to Portage, Wisconsin, I-39 and I-90 run concurrently. From Madison to Portage, I-94 joins the two; at 29 miles (47 km), the three-way concurrency is the longest in the country. From Portage northward, US 51 rejoins I-39, and the Interstate uses its mileposts northward.
Gdbserver
gdbserver is a computer program that makes it possible to remotely debug other programs. Running on the same system as the program to be debugged, it allows the GNU Debugger to connect from another system; that is, only the executable to be debugged needs to be resident on the target system ("target"), while the source code and a copy of the binary file to be debugged reside on the developer's local computer ("host"). The connection can be either TCP or a serial line.

GNU Debugger
The GNU Debugger (GDB) is a portable debugger that runs on many Unix-like systems and works for many programming languages, including Ada, Assembly, C, C++, D, Fortran, Haskell, Go, Objective-C, OpenCL C, Modula-2, Pascal, Rust, and partially others. It detects problems in a program while letting it run and allows users to examine program variables and machine registers.
Joe Farrell
Joseph Carl Firrantello (December 16, 1937 – January 10, 1986), known as Joe Farrell, was an American jazz multi-instrumentalist who primarily performed as a saxophonist and flutist. He is best known for a series of albums under his own name on the CTI record label and for playing in the initial incarnation of Chick Corea's Return to Forever as well as the last.

Chick Corea
Armando Anthony "Chick" Corea (June 12, 1941 – February 9, 2021) was an American jazz pianist, composer, bandleader, and occasional percussionist. His compositions "Spain", "500 Miles High", "La Fiesta", "Armando's Rhumba", and "Windows" are considered jazz standards.

As a member of the Miles Davis band in the late 1960s, Corea participated in the birth of jazz fusion. In the 1970s he formed Return to Forever. Along with McCoy Tyner, Herbie Hancock and Keith Jarrett, Corea is considered one of the foremost pianists of the post-John Coltrane era.

Corea continued to collaborate frequently while exploring different musical styles throughout the 1980s and 1990s. He won 29 Grammy Awards and has been nominated for the award 79 times.
World Series Cricket Cavaliers XI
The World Series Cricket Cavaliers XI was a cricket team formed to play in World Series Cricket. Taking the International Cavaliers as its inspiration, the team was envisaged as a way of giving those players under contract to the WSC organisation, but not picked regularly for one of the three main teams (Australia, the West Indies and the World XI) regular match play and opportunities to win prize money.

The team was formed in 1978, before the start of the second season of World Series Cricket, with a tour of Australia scheduled to take place at the same time as the main competition. This would see the Cavaliers play each of the other three WSC teams at a range of smaller venues around Australia between November 1978 and February 1979.

World Series Cricket World XI
The World Series Cricket Rest Of The World XI was a cricket team representing the Rest of the World in World Series Cricket (WSC). Their first game was against the Australia in 1978. World Series Cricket ended in 1979 after the Australia tour to West Indies. The side was captained by former England captain Tony Greig, who was assigned to recruit his teammates. Greig's former England teammates Derek Underwood, Dennis Amiss, John Snow and star wicketkeeper Alan Knott were signed along with many players from Pakistan, including national icon Imran Khan. The World XI also offered competitive international class cricket to players from South Africa, who were then barred from international cricket, such as Barry Richards, Garth Le Roux and Mike Procter.
Arc measurement
Arc measurement, sometimes called degree measurement (German: Gradmessung), is the astrogeodetic technique of determining the radius of Earth and, by extension, its circumference. More specifically, it seeks to determine the local Earth radius of curvature of the figure of the Earth, by relating the latitude difference (sometimes also the longitude difference) and the geographic distance (arc length) surveyed between two locations on Earth's surface. The most common variant involves only astronomical latitudes and the meridian arc length and is called meridian arc measurement; other variants may involve only astronomical longitude (parallel arc measurement) or both geographic coordinates (oblique arc measurement).
Arc measurement campaigns in Europe were the precursors to the International Association of Geodesy (IAG).
Nowadays, the method is replaced by worldwide geodetic networks and by satellite geodesy.

Meridian arc
In geodesy and navigation, a meridian arc is the curve between two points near the Earth's surface having the same longitude. The term may refer either to a segment of the meridian, or to its length. Both the practical determination of meridian arcs (employing measuring instruments in field campaigns) and their theoretical calculation (based on geometry and abstract mathematics) have been pursued for many years.
Rota's conjecture
Rota's excluded minors conjecture is one of a number of conjectures made by the mathematician Gian-Carlo Rota. It is considered an important problem by some members of the structural combinatorics community. Rota conjectured in 1971 that, for every finite field, the family of matroids that can be represented over that field has only finitely many excluded minors.
A proof of the conjecture was announced, but not published, in 2014 by Geelen, Gerards, and Whittle.

Matroid representation
In the mathematical theory of matroids, a matroid representation is a family of vectors whose linear independence relation is the same as that of a given matroid. Matroid representations are analogous to group representations; both types of representation provide abstract algebraic structures (matroids and groups respectively) with concrete descriptions in terms of linear algebra.

A linear matroid is a matroid that has a representation, and an F-linear matroid (for a field F) is a matroid that has a representation using a vector space over F. Matroid representation theory studies the existence of representations and the properties of linear matroids.
Fred Curry
Fred Thomas Koury Jr. (born June 12, 1943) better known by his ring name ”Flying” Fred Curry, is an American professional wrestler of Lebanese descent. The son of "Wild Bull" Curry, Fred Koury was one of the most popular stars in the Midwest United States and the rest of the world during the 1960s and 70s'. Flying Fred Curry had notable feuds with wrestling legend The Sheik. Flying Fred Was a sensational star in Texas in the sixties and teamed up with Fritz von Erich. Flying Fred Curry is noted as one of the greatest highflyers and dropkickers of all time. His most famous feat is throwing 15 to 20 dropkicks in a matter of 10 seconds. Curry was chosen the most popular wrestler in the world in 1972.

Bull Curry
Fred Thomas Koury Sr. (May 2, 1913 – March 8, 1985), best known under his ring name "Wild Bull" Curry, was an American professional wrestler of Lebanese descent. He is recognized as the originator of the hardcore style, predating legends such as The Sheik, Abdullah the Butcher, and Bruiser Brody.
Paul Signac
Paul Victor Jules Signac (/siːnˈjɑːk/ seen-YAHK, French: [pɔl siɲak]; 11 November 1863 – 15 August 1935) was a French Neo-Impressionist painter who, with Georges Seurat, helped develop the artistic technique Pointillism.

A keen sailor, he is best known for his seascapes and views of ports and rivers.

Georges Seurat
Georges Pierre Seurat (UK: /ˈsɜːrɑː, -ə/ SUR-ah, -⁠ə, US: /sʊˈrɑː/ suu-RAH; French: [ʒɔʁʒ pjɛʁ sœʁa]; 2 December 1859 – 29 March 1891) was a French post-Impressionist artist. He devised the painting techniques known as chromoluminarism and pointillism and used conté crayon for drawings on paper with a rough surface.

Seurat's artistic personality combined qualities that are usually thought of as opposed and incompatible: on the one hand, his extreme and delicate sensibility, on the other, a passion for logical abstraction and an almost mathematical precision of mind. His large-scale work A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (1884–1886) altered the direction of modern art by initiating Neo-Impressionism, and is one of the icons of late 19th-century painting.
Boticas
Boticas (Portuguese pronunciation: [buˈtikɐʃ] ⓘ) is a town and a municipality in northern Portugal, in the district of Vila Real and in the Trás-os-Montes region. Covering an area of 321.96 square kilometres (124.31 mi2), it had a population of 4,832 in 2024, while the town of Boticas itself had 1,540 residents in 2021. The municipality is part of the Alto Tâmega intermunicipal community and, together with Montalegre, forms the historical and cultural Barroso region. Boticas is known for its archaeological heritage, including Iron Age castros and the finding of Gallaecian warrior statues.

Barroso (region)
Barroso or Terras de Barroso (Lands of Barroso) is the traditional name of the region formed by the Portuguese municipalities of Montalegre and Boticas.

The Terras de Barroso existed as an administrative division of Portugal from 1273 to 1876, and the term "Barroso" and "Barrosã/Barrosão" (adjective) continue to be widely used to refer to the distinctive and isolated heritage, culture and landscape of this area. The region was one of the first in Europe, in 2018, to be recognised by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation as a 'Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System.' The stocky Barrosã cattle with long curved horns are farmed across the North of Portugal and have been extensively studied because of their ancient genetic heritage.
Vice President of Suriname
The vice president of Suriname (Dutch: Vicepresident van de Republiek Suriname) is the second-highest political position in Suriname, after the president. The president and the vice president are elected by the National Assembly for five-year terms.

The position of vice president was created in the Constitution of 1987, when the position of prime minister of Suriname was abolished. The vice president is charged with the day-to-day management of the Council of Ministers and is responsible to the President.

The current vice president is Gregory Rusland. He is affiliated with the National Party of Suriname (NPS). Rusland was elected on 6 July 2025 as vice president by acclamation, and inaugurated on 16 July on the Onafhankelijkheidsplein in Paramaribo in a ceremony.

President of Suriname
The President of the Republic of Suriname (Dutch: President van de Republiek Suriname) is, in accordance with the Constitution of 1987, the head of state and head of government of Suriname, and commander-in-chief of the Suriname National Army (SNL). The president also appoints a cabinet.

The current president is Jennifer Geerlings-Simons, a former chairwoman of the National Assembly. She is affiliated with the National Democratic Party (NDP). Simons was elected on 6 July 2025 as president by acclamation, and inaugurated on 16 July on the Onafhankelijkheidsplein in Paramaribo in a ceremony.
Margravate of Meissen
The Margravate or Margraviate of Meissen (German: Markgrafschaft Meißen) was a medieval principality in the area of the modern German state of Saxony. It originally was a frontier march of the Holy Roman Empire, created out of the vast Marca Geronis (Saxon Eastern March) in 965. Under the rule of the Wettin dynasty, the margravate finally merged with the former Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg into the Saxon Electorate by 1423.

Saxe-Wittenberg
The Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg (German: Herzogtum Sachsen-Wittenberg) was a medieval duchy of the Holy Roman Empire centered at Wittenberg, which emerged after the dissolution of the stem duchy of Saxony. The Ascanian dukes prevailed in obtaining the Saxon electoral dignity until their duchy was finally elevated to the Electorate of Saxony by the Golden Bull of 1356.
Bathampton
Bathampton (/bɑːθˈæmptən, bæθ-/) is a village and civil parish 2 miles (3 km) east of Bath, England on the south bank of the River Avon.  The parish has a population of 1,603.

The Kennet and Avon Canal passes through the village and a toll bridge links Bathampton to Batheaston on the north bank of the canal.

Batheaston
Batheaston is a village and civil parish 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the English city of Bath, on the north bank of the River Avon. The parish had a population of 2,735 in 2011. The northern area of the parish, on the road to St Catherine, is an area known as Northend.

Batheaston has been twinned with Oudon, France since 2005.