hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rival Poet
The Rival Poet is one of several characters, either fictional or real persons, featured in William Shakespeare's sonnets. The sonnets most commonly identified as the Rival Poet group exist within the Fair Youth group in sonnets 78–86. Several theories about these characters, the Rival Poet included, have been expounded, and scholarly debate continues to put forward both conflicting and compelling arguments. In the context of these theories, the speaker of the poem sees the Rival Poet as a competitor for fame, wealth and patronage.

Sonnet 78
Sonnet 78 is one of 154 sonnets published by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare in 1609. It is one of the Fair Youth sequence, and the first of the mini-sequence known as the Rival Poet sonnets, thought to be composed some time from 1598 to 1600.
Asparagusic acid
Asparagusic acid is an organosulfur compound with the molecular formula  C4H6O2S2 and systematically named 1,2-dithiolane-4-carboxylic acid.  The molecule consists of a heterocyclic disulfide functional group (a 1,2-dithiolane) with a carboxylic acid side chain.  It is found in asparagus and is believed to be the metabolic precursor to odorous sulfur compounds responsible for the distinctive smell of urine which has long been associated with eating asparagus.

Asparagus
Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) or garden asparagus is a perennial flowering plant species in the genus Asparagus native to Eurasia. Widely cultivated as a vegetable crop, its young shoots are used as a spring vegetable.
Punchscan
Punchscan is an optical scan vote counting system invented by cryptographer David Chaum. Punchscan is designed to offer integrity, privacy, and transparency. The system is voter-verifiable, provides an end-to-end (E2E) audit mechanism, and issues a ballot receipt to each voter. The system won grand prize at the 2007 University Voting Systems Competition.

The computer software which Punchscan incorporates is open-source; the source code was released on 2 November 2006 under a revised BSD licence. However, Punchscan is software independent; it draws its security from cryptographic functions instead of relying on software security like DRE voting machines. For this reason, Punchscan can be run on closed source operating systems, like Microsoft Windows, and still maintain unconditional integrity.

The Punchscan team, with additional contributors, has since developed Scantegrity.

End-to-end auditable voting
End-to-end auditable or end-to-end voter verifiable (E2E) systems are voting systems with stringent integrity properties and strong tamper resistance. E2E systems use cryptographic techniques to provide voters with receipts that allow them to verify their votes were counted as cast, without revealing which candidates a voter supported to an external party. As such, these systems are sometimes called receipt-based systems.
Bally Technologies
Bally Technologies, Inc. is an American manufacturer of slot machines and other gambling technology based in Enterprise, Nevada. It is owned by Light & Wonder.

The company was founded in 1968 as Advanced Patent Technology. It eventually changed its name to Alliance Gaming and in 1996 acquired Bally Gaming International, a former division of Bally Manufacturing. In 2006, the entire company adopted the Bally name.

Scientific Games (now Light & Wonder) acquired the company in 2014. Today, Bally constitutes one of the three brands of Light & Wonder, along with WMS and Shuffle Master.

Bally Manufacturing
Bally Manufacturing, later renamed Bally Entertainment, was an American company that began as a pinball and slot machine manufacturer, and later expanded into casinos, video games, health clubs, and theme parks. It was acquired by Hilton Hotels in 1996.

Its brand name, and mid-20th century pinball and slot machine logo, are still used by several businesses with various acquired trademark rights, most notably slot machine maker Bally Technologies and casino operator Bally's Corporation.
Ambrose King
Ambrose King Yeo-chi, SBS, JP (Chinese: 金耀基; born 14 February 1935) is a Hong Kong sociologist, educator, writer and academic. He was formerly vice-chancellor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK).

Silver Bauhinia Star
The Silver Bauhinia Star (Chinese: 銀紫荊星章, SBS) is the second rank of the Order of the Bauhinia Star under the honours system of Hong Kong, awarded to people who have taken a leading part in public affairs or voluntary work over a long period. The award was created in 1997 to replace the British honours system (such as Order of the British Empire) after the transfer of sovereignty to People's Republic of China and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Timepass (film)
Timepass is a 2014 Indian Marathi-language romantic drama film about teenage love set in the 1990s between Dagadu (Prathamesh Parab) and Prajakta (Ketaki Mategaonkar). It also stars Bhalchandra Kadam, Vaibhav Mangle, Bhushan Pradhan and Urmila Kothare. It was directed by Ravi Jadhav, who has provided prior hits like Balak-Palak, Balgandharva, and Natarang.

The film was the highest grosser of Marathi cinema until its box office record was broken by Ritesh Deshmukh's Lai Bhaari. This film was later remade in Telugu as Andhra Pori. Its sequel Timepass 2 was released on 1 May 2015.

A third part to the film, titled Timepass 3, was announced in 2022. It was directed by Ravi Jadhav under the banner of Athaansh Communications and Zee Studios. Timepass 3 was released on 29 July 2022.

Lai Bhaari
Lai Bhaari (meaning: Overwhelming or Awesome) is a 2014 Indian Marathi-language action drama film directed by Nishikant Kamat. The film marks the debut of Riteish Deshmukh in Marathi cinema, while Salman Khan and Genelia D'Souza make cameo appearances. It was the first Marathi that was made on such a big scale, and became the highest grossing Marathi film during that time. It was declared a blockbuster at the box office.

On 25 January 2015 Lai Bhaari broke all previous records and got the highest television viewership for any film in Maharashtra (Marathi – Hindi) with 5727 TVTs.

It is remade in Odia as Jaga Hatare Pagha starring Anubhav Mohanty. It ran for more than 100 days in Maharashtra. At Maharashtracha Favourite Kon? Film Won MFK Award for Favourite Film, MFK Award for Favourite Actor, MFK Award for Favourite Villain, MFK Award for Favourite Supporting Actress, MFK Award for Favourite Singer Male.
Epping, Victoria
Epping is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 18 km (11 mi) north of Melbourne's central business district, located within the City of Whittlesea local government area. Epping recorded a population of 33,489 at the 2021 census.

City of Whittlesea
The City of Whittlesea is a local government area located in the outer northern suburbs of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covers an area of 490 square kilometres (189.2 sq mi), and in June 2023, it had an estimated population of 245,029 and is one of Victoria's fastest growing Municipalities.
David Reinbacher
David Reinbacher (born 25 October 2004) is an Austrian professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for the Laval Rocket of the American Hockey League (AHL) while under contract to the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected in the first round, fifth overall, by the Canadiens in the 2023 NHL entry draft, making him the highest-drafted Austrian player in NHL history along with Thomas Vanek in 2003.

Thomas Vanek
Thomas Vanek (born 19 January 1984) is an Austrian former professional ice hockey winger who played fourteen seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Buffalo Sabres, Columbus Blue Jackets, Detroit Red Wings, Florida Panthers, Minnesota Wild, Montreal Canadiens, New York Islanders, and Vancouver Canucks. Vanek was drafted by the Sabres fifth overall in the 2003 NHL entry draft, making him the highest-drafted Austrian player in NHL history along with David Reinbacher in the 2023 NHL entry draft. He was inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 2026.
Pierre Prévert
Pierre Prévert (26 May 1906 – 5 April 1988) was a French film director, screenwriter, and actor.

He was the brother of Jacques Prévert, who was the subject of his documentary Mon frère Jacques. He was the father of screenwriter Catherine Prévert.

Jacques Prévert
Jacques Prévert (French: [ʒak pʁevɛʁ]; 4 February 1900 – 11 April 1977) was a French poet and screenwriter. His poems became and remain popular in the French-speaking world, particularly in schools. His best-regarded films formed part of the poetic realist movement, and include Les Enfants du Paradis (1945). He published his first book in 1946.
Jameson's red rock hare
Jameson's red rock hare (Pronolagus randensis) is a species of rabbit in the family Leporidae found in rocky habitats in Zimbabwe, Angola, Namibia, South Africa, Botswana, and Mozambique. It is rufous and brown-furred, nocturnal, 42 to 50 cm (17 to 20 in) in length and 1.82 to 2.95 kg (4.0 to 6.5 lb) in weight—slightly smaller than the largest of the red rock hare species, the Natal red rock hare (P. crassicaudatus).

The species is generally solitary when not breeding or grazing. Jameson's red rock hare feeds only at night. While grazing, it is sometimes seen in small groups feeding upon grasses and fresh shoots. Little is known about its mating behaviour, and its predators are similar to those of other red rock hares. It is classified as a least-concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), being abundant in the protected areas its distribution overlaps, but its population is decreasing.

Natal red rock hare
The Natal red rock hare or greater red rock hare (Pronolagus crassicaudatus) is a species of mammal in the family Leporidae (rabbits and hares). It has a slightly grizzled, grayish brown head and reddish brown upperparts. The dense fur is thick and rougher than other rock hares. It is endemic to Africa, and found in southeastern provinces of South Africa (Eastern Cape, Mpumalanga, and KwaZulu-Natal), eastern Lesotho, Eswatini (Highveld and Lumbobo), and southern Mozambique (Maputo Province). It is a herbivore, primarily feeding on grass. It breeds throughout the year, and one or two pups are usually born in the summer. It is rated as a species of least concern on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species.
Royal Arch Purple
The Royal Arch Purple, properly the Grand Royal Arch Purple Chapter of Ireland, is an organisation related to Orangeism but not recognised by the Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland which recognises only two degrees, those of Orange and Plain Purple. It is a necessary prerequisite for entry into the Royal Black Institution.

Royal Black Institution
The Imperial Grand Black Chapter of the British Commonwealth, or simply the Royal Black Institution, is a Protestant fraternal society.

In 2016, a theological working group set up by the Church of Ireland was informed by the organisation's leadership that it had a membership of around 17,000, of whom around 16,000 lived in the British Isles.
Maysie Hoy
Maysie Hoy is a film editor who has been active since the early 1990s. She is a long-time collaborator with director Tyler Perry, having edited 16 films for him. She was nominated twice for an American Cinema Editors award, and in 2025, she received their Career Achievement Award. Hoy is also on the Board of Directors of both the Motion Picture Editors Guild and American Cinema Editors.

Hoy has a brother, William Hoy, who is also a film editor.

William Hoy (film editor)
William Hoy is an American film editor with 30 feature-film editing credits since 1988. Hoy and Stan Salfas won Satellite Awards for Best Editing for the films Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (2014) and War for the Planet of the Apes (2017). Hoy and Tyler Nelson were nominated the Saturn Award for Best Editing for The Batman (2022). Hoy is a member of American Cinema Editors (ACE).

Hoy has collaborated with director Zack Snyder on the films 300 (2006), Watchmen (2009), and Sucker Punch (2011). He has also collaborated with director Matt Reeves on the films Dawn of the Planet of the Apes, War for the Planet of the Apes, and The Batman.

Hoy has a sister, Maysie Hoy, who is also a film editor. They were born in Vancouver to Chinese parents. When his sister moved to Los Angeles for acting opportunities, he followed her and found an opportunity to contribute behind the scenes.
William Tuke
William Tuke (24 March 1732 – 6 December 1822), an English tradesman, philanthropist and Quaker, earned fame for promoting more humane custody and care for people with mental disorders, using what he called gentler methods that came to be known as moral treatment. He played a big part in founding The Retreat at Lamel Hill, York, for treating mental-health needs. He and his wife Esther Maud backed strict adherence to Quaker principles. He was an abolitionist, a patron of the Bible Society, and an opponent of the East India Company's inhumane practices.

The Retreat
The Retreat, commonly known as the York Retreat, is a place in England for the treatment of people with mental health needs. Located in Lamel Hill in York, it operates as a not for profit charitable organisation.

Opened in 1796, it is famous for having pioneered the so-called "moral treatment" that became a behaviour model for asylums around the world with mental health issues. Founded by William Tuke, it was originally only for Quakers but gradually became open to everyone. It inspired other progressive facilities such as the US Brattleboro Retreat, Hartford Retreat and Friends Hospital. The present day The Retreat seeks to retain the essence of early "moral treatment", while applying the principles to a modern healthcare setting. The Retreat withdrew from the delivery of inpatient services after 222 years on 31 December 2018.
Reguibat
The Reguibat (Arabic: الرقيبات, romanized: Rgībāt; variously transliterated Reguibate, Rguibat, R'gaybat, R'gibat, Erguibat, Ergaybat) is a Sahrawi tribal confederation of mixed Arab and Sanhaja Berber origins. The Reguibat speak Hassaniya Arabic, and are Arab in culture. They claim descent from Sidi Ahmed al-Reguibi, an Arab Islamic preacher from Beni Hassan who settled in Saguia el-Hamra in 1503. They also believe that they are, through him, a chorfa tribe, i.e. descendants of Muhammad. They are divided into two main geographical divisions - the Reguibat as-Sahel and Reguibat ash-Sharg - who are in turn divided into sub tribes. Religiously, they belong to the Maliki school of Sunni Islam.

Their population in 1996 exceeded 100,000 people. David Hart estimated their population to number from 200,000 to 300,000 in 1962 but this could be too high. They are today the largest tribe in Western Sahara.

Sanhaja
The Sanhaja (Arabic: صنهاجة, romanized: Ṣanhāja, or زناگة, Znāga; Berber languages: Aẓnag, pl. Iẓnagen, and Aẓnaj, pl. Iẓnajen) were a large Berber tribal confederation, along with the Zanata and Masmuda confederations. Many tribes in Algeria, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Senegal, Tunisia and Western Sahara bore and still carry this ethnonym, especially in its Berber form.

Other names include Zenaga, Znaga, Sanhája, Sanhâdja and Senhaja.
Dreyfus (1931 film)
Dreyfus is a 1931 British film directed by  F.W. Kraemer and Milton Rosmer and starring Cedric Hardwicke and Charles Carson. It was translated from the play by Wilhelm Herzog and Hans Rehfisch, and the 1930 German film Dreyfus. It features George Zucco in his film debut.

Dreyfus (1930 film)
Dreyfus is a 1930 German drama film directed by Richard Oswald and starring Fritz Kortner, Grete Mosheim, and Heinrich George. It portrays the Dreyfus affair and is based on a novel by Bruno Weil. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Franz Schroedter and Hermann Warm. It premiered at the Gloria-Palast in Berlin. In the United States the film was released under the alternative title The Dreyfus Case.

The film was remade the following year in Britain with Cedric Hardwicke in the title role.
Cruising with Ruben & the Jets
Cruising with Ruben & the Jets is the fourth album by the Mothers of Invention, and fifth overall by Frank Zappa, released under the alias Ruben and the Jets. Released on December 2, 1968 on Bizarre and Verve Records with distribution by MGM Records, it is a concept album, influenced by 1950s doo-wop and rock and roll. The album's concept deals with a fictitious Chicano doo-wop band called Ruben & the Jets, represented in the cover illustration by Cal Schenkel, which depicts the Mothers of Invention as anthropomorphic dogs. It was conceived as part of a project called No Commercial Potential, which produced three other albums: Lumpy Gravy, We're Only in It for the Money and Uncle Meat.

The album and its singles received some radio success, due to its doo-wop sound. Subsequently, the name Ruben and the Jets continued with a different lineup, led by musician Rubén Guevara Jr., who recorded the albums For Real! (1973) and Con Safos (1974). Zappa produced the former album.

Uncle Meat
Uncle Meat is the sixth album by the Mothers of Invention, and seventh overall by Frank Zappa, released as a double album in 1969. Uncle Meat was originally developed as a part of No Commercial Potential, a project which spawned three other albums sharing a conceptual connection: We're Only in It for the Money, Lumpy Gravy and Cruising with Ruben & the Jets.

The album also served as a soundtrack album to the film of the same name, which Zappa eventually finished and released direct-to-video in 1987.

The music is diverse in style, drawing from orchestral, jazz, blues and rock music. The Uncle Meat album was a commercial success upon release, and has been highly acclaimed for its innovative recording and editing techniques, including experiments in manipulation of tape speed and overdubbing, and its diverse sound.
Marshal of the Indian Air Force
Marshal of the Air Force (MIAF) is a five star rank and the highest attainable rank in the Indian Air Force. It is a ceremonial or wartime rank, having been awarded only once.

Marshal of the Air Force is ranked immediately above Air Chief Marshal. Marshal of the Air Force Arjan Singh, DFC is the only Officer to have held this rank.

Marshal of the Air Force is equivalent to Field Marshal in the Indian Army and admiral of the fleet in the Indian Navy. While the rank of admiral of the fleet has never been awarded, there have been two Field Marshals - Sam Manekshaw and K M Cariappa.

Air chief marshal (India)
Air chief marshal is a four-star air officer rank in the Indian Air Force. It is the highest active rank in the Indian Air Force. Air chief marshal ranks above the three-star rank of air marshal and below the five-star rank of Marshal of the Indian Air Force, which is largely a war-time or ceremonial rank.

The rank is held by the Chief of the Air Staff, the professional head of the Indian Air Force. The rank may also be held by the Chief of Defence Staff when the holder is a serving Indian Air Force officer.
ZB-53
The ZB-53 was a Czechoslovak machine gun. A versatile weapon, it was used both as a squad support weapon, as a mounted machine gun for tanks and other armoured vehicles, and on fixed positions inside Czechoslovak border fortifications. Adopted before World War II by the armies of Czechoslovakia (as Těžký kulomet vz. 37, heavy machine gun model 37) and Romania, it was also license-built in the United Kingdom as the Besa machine gun. Following the German invasion of Czechoslovakia, large quantities of the weapon were captured by the Wehrmacht and used during the war under the designation of MG 37(t).

Besa machine gun
The Besa machine gun was a British version of the Czechoslovak ZB-53 air-cooled, belt-fed machine gun (called the TK vz. 37 in the Czechoslovak army).

The name came from the Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA), who signed an agreement with Československá zbrojovka to manufacture the gun in the UK. The War Office ordered the weapon in 1938 and production began in 1939, after modifications.

It was used extensively by the armed forces of United Kingdom during the Second World War as a mounted machine gun for tanks and other armoured vehicles as a replacement for the heavier, water-cooled Vickers machine gun. Although it required a rather large opening in the tank's armour, it was reliable.
South African Class 14E1
The Spoornet Class 14E1 of 1994 was a South African electric locomotive.

In December 1994 Spoornet took delivery of the last of ten locally manufactured Class 14E1 dual voltage electric mainline locomotives with a Bo-Bo wheel arrangement. They had been preceded in 1991 by three prototype Class 14E locomotives.

South African Class 14E
The Spoornet Class 14E of 1991 was a South African electric locomotive.

In 1990, Spoornet took delivery of three prototype Class 14E dual voltage electric mainline locomotives with a Bo-Bo wheel arrangement. They were the first dual voltage 3 kV DC and 25 kV AC locomotives to see service on South African rails when they were placed in service in 1991 and were followed in 1994 by ten locally manufactured Class 14E1 locomotives.
Jiu (river)
The Jiu (Romanian: [ʒiw] ⓘ; Hungarian: Zsil [ʒil]; German: Schil or Schiel; Latin: Rabon) is a river in southern Romania. It is formed near Petroșani by the confluence of headwaters Jiul de Vest and Jiul de Est.

It flows southward through the Romanian counties Hunedoara, Gorj, and Dolj before flowing into the Danube near Zăval, a few kilometers upstream from the Bulgarian city of Oryahovo. It is 339 kilometres (211 mi) long, including its source river, Jiul de Vest. It has a basin of 10,430 km2 (4,030 sq mi). Its average discharge at the mouth is 97 m3/s (3,400 cu ft/s).

The upper Jiu Valley, around Petroșani and Lupeni, is Romania's principal coal mining region.

Jiul de Vest
The Jiul de Vest ("Western Jiu", previously also known as Jiul Românesc) is a headwater of the river Jiu in Romania. At its confluence with the Jiul de Est in Iscroni, the Jiu is formed. Its length is 54 km (34 mi) and its basin size is 496 km2 (192 sq mi). The upper course of the river is also known locally as Câmpușelu.

Jiul simply means "the Jiu", appended by the definite article -l.
Stephen Delancey
Stephen Delancey (born Étienne de Lancy; October 24, 1663 – November 18, 1741) was a French-born American merchant and politician in colonial New York who served as a member of the New York General Assembly and the Executive Council. His children, including James De Lancey and Oliver DeLancey, continued to wield great influence until the American Revolution.

Oliver De Lancey (American loyalist)
Oliver De Lancey (September 17, 1718 – October 27, 1785) was a merchant and Loyalist politician and soldier during the American Revolutionary War. His surname is also sometimes written as de Lancey or Delancey.
Lucius Papirius Mugillanus (consul 427 BC)
Lucius Papirius Mugillanus was a consul of the Roman Republic in 427 BC, consular tribune in 422 BC and censor in 418 BC.

Papirius belonged to the patrician Papiria gens. He was the son of Lucius Papirius Mugillanus, consul suffect in 444 and censor in 443 BC. Marcus Papirius Mugillanus, consul in 418 BC, would have been a younger brother or son of Papirius, while later Papirii Mugillani, such as Lucius Papirius Mugillanus, consular tribune in 382 BC, should probably be considered grandchildren or grand-nephews.

Marcus Papirius Mugillanus
Marcus Papirius Mugillanus was a consular tribune in 418 and 416 BC, and perhaps consul of the Roman Republic in 411.

Papirius belonged to the Papiria gens, one of the oldest patrician families. The family had, according to legend, been among the first families to hold the most prestigious religious offices, such as Pontifex maximus and Rex Sacrorum. Papirius was the son of Lucius Papirius Mugillanus, the consul of 427 BC, and possibly himself the father of Lucius Papirius Mugillanus, the consular tribune in 382, 380 and 376 BC.