hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Payne Whitney
William Payne Whitney (March 20, 1876 – May 25, 1927) was an American businessman and member of the influential Whitney family.  He inherited a fortune and enlarged it through business dealings, then devoted much of his money and efforts to a wide variety of philanthropic purposes.  His will included funds to expand the New York Hospital, now called NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, where the Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic was established.

NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
The NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital (abbreviated as NYP) is a nonprofit academic medical center in New York City. It is the primary teaching hospital for Weill Cornell Medicine and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. The hospital includes nine campuses located throughout the New York metropolitan area. The hospital's two flagship medical centers, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Weill Cornell Medical Center, are located on opposite sides of Upper Manhattan.

As of 2022, the hospital is ranked the seventh-best hospital in the United States and second-best in the New York City metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report. The hospital has more than 6,500 affiliated physicians, 20,000 employees and operates 4,000+ beds in total. It is one of the largest hospitals in the world. NYPH annually treats about 310,000 patients in its emergency department and delivers about 15,000 babies.
One Wing (eagle)
One Wing was a bald eagle injured during the Exxon Valdez oil spill. He ingested crude oil and, during the rescue process, fought his would-be-rescuers and broke his own wing. As a result, it was amputated, and he lived out the rest of his life at the Bird Treatment and Learning Center in Anchorage. He served as a blood donor for other birds injured in the oil spill.

Bird Treatment and Learning Center
The Bird Treatment and Learning Center (also known as Bird TLC) is a wildlife rehabilitation center based in Anchorage, Alaska. It was founded in the 1980s by a veterinarian James R. Scott, and some of its early activities were funded partially by money given to Scott by Exxon in the wake of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill. The center started to move their operations to Potter Marsh in the second half of the 2010s.
Jezero, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Jezero (Serbian Cyrillic: Језеро, lit. "Lake") is a village and a municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it has a population of 1,144 inhabitants, while the village of Jezero has a population of 581 inhabitants. A small part of the village in Jajce municipality has a population of 6.

Jajce
Jajce (Serbian Cyrillic: Јајце) is a town and municipality in the Central Bosnia Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 2013 census, the town has a population of 7,172 inhabitants, with 27,258 inhabitants in the municipality, It is situated in the region of Bosanska Krajina, on the crossroads between Banja Luka, Mrkonjić Grad, and Donji Vakuf, and on the confluence of the rivers Pliva and Vrbas.
M. H. J. Schoenmaekers
Mathieu Hubertus Josephus Schoenmaekers (13 December 1875, Maastricht – 18 December 1944, Laren) was a former Catholic priest, philosopher and theosophist who developed an esoteric philosophy called Christosophy. Active in early 20th-century Dutch intellectual and artistic circles, he was also a theorist of Formative Mathematics, whose ideas on geometry, colour, and polarity influenced Piet Mondrian's art theory of Neoplasticism and the De Stijl movement of Theo van Doesburg.

Neoplasticism
Neoplasticism or neo-plasticism, originating from the Dutch Nieuwe Beelding, is an avant-garde art theory proposed by Piet Mondrian in 1917 and initially employed by the De Stijl art movement. The most notable proponents of this theory were Mondrian and another Dutch artist, Theo van Doesburg. Neoplasticism advocated for a purified abstract art, by applying a set of elementary art principles. Thus, a painting that adhered to neoplastic art theory would typically consist of a balanced composition of simple geometric shapes, right-angled relationships and primary colors.
Defending Jacob (miniseries)
Defending Jacob is an American murder-mystery legal drama miniseries, based on the 2012 novel of the same name by William Landay, produced by Apple TV+. The series was created and written by Mark Bomback and directed by Morten Tyldum. It stars Chris Evans, Michelle Dockery, Jaeden Martell, Cherry Jones, Pablo Schreiber, Betty Gabriel, Sakina Jaffrey and J.K. Simmons. It premiered on April 24, 2020, and concluded on May 29, 2020.

The series received generally favorable reviews from critics, who praised the performances (particularly those of Evans, Dockery and Martell), ambiguity, and emotional weight, but criticized the pacing, length and ending. The miniseries was released on Blu-ray and DVD on July 6, 2021, by Paramount Home Entertainment.

Defending Jacob
Defending Jacob is an American crime drama novel written by novelist William Landay. The book was published in January 2012 by Random House. It tells the story of a father dealing with the accusation that his 14-year-old son is a murderer.
Doon, Ontario
Doon is a suburban community and former village which is now a part of the city of Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. Doon was settled around 1800 by German Mennonites from Pennsylvania, and after 1830 by Scottish immigrants. The area is located at the confluence of Schneider Creek and the Grand River. The post office was opened in 1845. A large flour mill, oatmeal mill, distillery and sawmill were built on the Doon River over the following years. The Perine brothers established extensive linen works and flax mills near the settlement. By 1870, there was a single church, Presbyterian, a variety of tradesmen and a population of 200.

Although never large, at one time it was a bustling community with sawmills, a rope factory and other businesses.

It is known as the lifetime home of landscape artist Homer Watson.
It is now a suburb of Kitchener, Ontario, home to the Doon Heritage Village and the main campus of Conestoga College.

Kitchener, Ontario
Kitchener is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario, about 100 km (62 mi) west of Toronto. It is one of three cities that make up the Regional Municipality of Waterloo and is the regional seat. Kitchener was known as Berlin until a 1916 referendum changed its name. The city covers an area of 136.86 km2, and had a population of 256,885 at the time of the 2021 Canadian census.

The Regional Municipality of Waterloo has 673,910 people as of year-end 2023, making it the 10th-largest census metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada and the fourth-largest CMA in Ontario. Kitchener and Waterloo are considered "twin cities", which are often referred to jointly as "Kitchener–Waterloo" (K–W), although they have separate municipal governments.
Brendan Hughes
Brendan Hughes (June 1948 – 16 February 2008) was a leading Irish republican and former Officer Commanding (OC) of the Belfast Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA). His reputation with the republican cause would lead to nicknames like The Dark, and Darkie. He was the leader of the 1980 Irish hunger strike.

Provisional IRA Belfast Brigade
The Belfast Brigade of the Provisional IRA was the largest of the organisation's brigades, based in the city of Belfast, Northern Ireland.

The nucleus of the Belfast Brigade emerged in the divisions within Belfast republicans in the closing months of 1969, and was formally established in January 1970 as the structures of the new dissident group were created after splitting from the Official IRA.

The brigade was organised along geographical lines into three battalions:

The first battalion covered the Upper Falls, Ballymurphy and Andersonstown

The second battalion covered the Lower Falls, Clonard and the Divis Flats

And the third battalion covered The Bone and the Short Strand.
Jenna Johnson (dancer)
Jenna Michelle Johnson Chmerkovskiy (née Johnson; born April 12, 1994) is an American professional Latin and ballroom dancer and choreographer. Born in California and raised in Utah, she was a contestant during the tenth season of the reality competition series So You Think You Can Dance.

Johnson then joined Dancing with the Stars as a member of the troupe, and was promoted to pro in 2016. She won the Athletes season with Olympic figure skater Adam Rippon and season 33 with The Bachelor star Joey Graziadei. Johnson received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for her work with her husband, Valentin Chmerkovskiy, on the series.

Joey Graziadei
Joseph Michael Graziadei (born May 24, 1995) is an American television personality who is best known as the runner-up on season 20 of The Bachelorette and as the star of season 28 of The Bachelor. He won the 33rd season of Dancing with the Stars and is the host of the official Dancing with the Stars podcast.
Grand Bruit, Newfoundland and Labrador
Grand Bruit (/ˈɡrændbrɪt/; means "great noise" in French) is a designated place and former settlement in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is on the southwestern coast of the island of Newfoundland. Grand Bruit was resettled in 2010. The community was divided down the middle by a waterfall, hence the name "Grand Bruit" which is French for "great noise".

Resettlement (Newfoundland)
Resettlement in Newfoundland and Labrador terms refers to an organized approach to centralize the population into growth areas. It is used in the current context when referring to a voluntary relocation initiated from isolated communities themselves.

Three attempts of resettlement were initiated by the Government between 1954 and 1975 which resulted in the abandonment of 300 communities and nearly 30,000 people moved. Government's attempt of resettlement has been viewed as one of the most controversial government programs of the post-Confederation Newfoundland and Labrador.

In the 21st century, the Community Relocation Policy allows for voluntary relocation of isolated settlements. From 2002 to 2020, nine communities relocated.
Telephone number (mathematics)
In mathematics, the telephone numbers or the involution numbers form a sequence of integers that count the ways n people can be connected by person-to-person telephone calls. These numbers also describe the number of matchings (the Hosoya index) of a complete graph on n vertices, the number of permutations on n elements that are involutions, the sum of absolute values of coefficients of the Hermite polynomials, the number of standard Young tableaux with n cells, and the sum of the degrees of the irreducible representations of the symmetric group. Involution numbers were first studied in 1800 by Heinrich August Rothe, who gave a recurrence equation by which they may be calculated, giving the values (starting from n = 0)

Young tableau
In mathematics, a Young tableau (/tæˈbloʊ, ˈtæbloʊ/; plural: tableaux) is a combinatorial object useful in representation theory and Schubert calculus. It provides a convenient way to describe the group representations of the symmetric and general linear groups and to study their properties.

Young tableaux were introduced by Alfred Young, a mathematician at Cambridge University, in 1900. They were then applied to the study of the symmetric group by Georg Frobenius in 1903. Their theory was further developed by many mathematicians, including Percy MacMahon, W. V. D. Hodge, G. de B. Robinson, Gian-Carlo Rota, Alain Lascoux, Marcel-Paul Schützenberger and Richard P. Stanley.
Normal Community High School
Normal Community High School (NCHS or Normal Community) is a public high school located in Normal, Illinois that was founded in 1905. NCHS serves parts of Normal, Bloomington, and Towanda and is home to over 2,000 students (grades 9–12) with 150 faculty and staff.

Normal, Illinois
Normal is a town in McLean County, Illinois, United States. The population was 52,736 at the 2020 census. Normal is the smaller of two principal cities of the Bloomington–Normal metropolitan area, and is Illinois's seventh most populous community outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is home to Illinois State University and Heartland Community College.

Founded in 1865, it was renamed Normal in 1867, because the university when it began was focused on educating teachers (a normal institute), Illinois State Normal University. Chris Koos has been the mayor of Normal since 2003.
North–south choke
The North–south choke is a choking technique in grappling, employed exclusively from the north–south position, and classified as an air choke-hold. It closely resembles one of the seven mat holds, or osaekomi-waza, of Kodokan Judo, Kuzure kami shiho gatame. This technique is comparable in procedure to the D’arce choke, except that the practitioner is 180 degrees opposite their opponent.

North–south position
In combat sports, the north–south position (also known as north/south or four quarter) is a ground grappling position where one combatant is supine, with the other combatant invertedly lying prone on top, normally with their head over the bottom combatant's chest. The north–south position is a dominant position, where the top combatant can apply effective strikes such as knee strikes to the head, or easily transition into various grappling holds or more dominant positions. Transitioning into side control can be done by first switching into a particular hold known as ushiro-kesa-gatame (後袈裟固) or reverse scarf hold, where the chest points to the side, and the opponent's arm is controlled similarly to kesa-gatame. The north–south choke is employed exclusively from this position.
Little Nicholas
Little Nicholas (French: Le Petit Nicolas), also known as Petit Nicolas (UK), is a 2009 family comedy film directed by Laurent Tirard, who co-wrote with Grégoire Vigneron and Alain Chabat. It is based on a series of children's books by René Goscinny and Jean-Jacques Sempé. The film features an ensemble cast led by Maxime Godart in the title role of Nicolas. The film was theatrically released in France on 30 September 2009 by Wild Bunch Distribution, Central Film, and EOne Films.

The film received mostly positive reviews from critics and earned $100.8 million on a €21.4 million budget. It won the French Television of Ontario (TFO) Prize for Best Youth Film at the Cinéfranco in 2010 and also received nominations for the 35th César Awards for Best Adaptation, the European Film Award for People's Choice Award for Best European Film, and the Cinema Brazil Grand Prize for Best Foreign-Language Film. A sequel, Nicholas on Holiday, was released on 9 July 2014.

Le Petit Nicolas
Le Petit Nicolas (Little Nicholas) is a series of French children's books created by René Goscinny and illustrated by Jean-Jacques Sempé; its first installment was originally published on 29 March 1959. The books depict an idealized version of childhood in 1950s France.
White-naped honeyeater
The white-naped honeyeater (Melithreptus lunatus) is a passerine bird of the honeyeater family Meliphagidae native to eastern Australia. Birds from southwestern Australia have been shown to be a distinct species, Gilbert's honeyeater, and the eastern birds are more closely related to the black-headed honeyeater of Tasmania. One of several similar species of black-headed honeyeaters in the genus Melithreptus, it dwells in dry sclerophyll eucalypt woodland. Its diet consists of nectar from various flowers, and it also feeds on insects.

Gilbert's honeyeater
Gilbert's honeyeater (Melithreptus chloropsis), also known as the Swan River honeyeater or western white-naped honeyeater, is a passerine bird of the honeyeater family Meliphagidae native to southwestern Australia. A mid-sized honeyeater, it is olive-green above and white below, with a black head, nape and throat and a white patch over the eye and a white crescent-shaped patch on the nape. The bill is brownish-black and the eyes a dull red. The sexes have similar plumage.
Papillon dog
The Papillon (French pronunciation: [papijɔ̃], French for 'butterfly[-eared]'), also called the Continental Toy Spaniel, is a breed of dog, of the spaniel type. One of the oldest of the toy spaniels, it derives its name from its characteristic butterfly-like look of the long and fringed hair on the ears. A Papillon with dropped ears is called a Phalene.

Toy dog
Toy dog traditionally refers to a very small dog or a grouping of small breeds of dog. A toy dog may be of any of various dog types. Types of dogs referred to as toy dogs may include spaniels,  pinschers and terriers that have been bred down in size. Not all toy dogs are lap dogs.
Royal Earlswood Hospital
The Royal Earlswood Hospital, formerly The Asylum for Idiots and The Royal Earlswood Institution for Mental Defectives, in Redhill, Surrey, was the first establishment to cater specifically for people with developmental disabilities. Previously they had been housed either in asylums for the mentally ill or in workhouses.

Redhill, Surrey
Redhill (/ˈrɛdhɪl/) is a town in the borough of Reigate and Banstead within the county of Surrey, England. The town, which adjoins the town of Reigate to the west, is due south of Croydon in Greater London, and is part of the London commuter belt. The town is also the post town, entertainment and commercial area of three adjoining communities : Earlswood, Merstham and Whitebushes, as well as of two small rural villages to the east in the Tandridge District, Bletchingley and Nutfield.

The town is situated on the junction of the north–south A23 (London to Brighton) road, and the east–west A25 road which runs from Guildford through to Sevenoaks. It is also on the railway junction, served by Redhill railway station, of the Brighton Main Line, North-Downs line, and Redhill-Tonbridge line.
Mansfield (UK Parliament constituency)
Mansfield is a constituency created in 1885 represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Steve Yemm of the Labour Party, who gained the seat at the 2024 general election, from the Conservative Party. Between 2017 and 2024 the seat was represented by a Conservative for the first and only time since its creation in 1885.

The seat, centred on Mansfield in Nottinghamshire, in recent times has been considered a relatively marginal seat.

The Mansfield council area voted with more than 70% to Leave the European Union in the 2016 referendum. In 2019, the Conservatives received 63.9% of the vote in the formerly safe Labour constituency.

Mansfield
Mansfield /ˈmænzfiːld/ is a market town and the administrative centre of the Mansfield District in Nottinghamshire, England. It is the largest town in the wider Mansfield Urban Area and the second largest settlement in Nottinghamshire (following the city of Nottingham). Henry III granted Mansfield the Royal Charter of a market town in 1227. The town lies in the Maun Valley, 12 miles (19 km) north of Nottingham. The district had a population of 110,500 at the 2021 census. Mansfield is the one local authority in Nottinghamshire with a publicly elected mayor, the Mayor of Mansfield. Mansfield in ancient times became the pre-eminent in importance amongst the towns of Sherwood Forest.
Lynn Swann
Lynn Curtis Swann (born March 7, 1952) is an American former professional football player, broadcaster, politician, and athletic director, best known for his association with the University of Southern California and the Pittsburgh Steelers. He served on the President's Council on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition from 2002 to 2005. In 2006, he was the Republican nominee for Governor of Pennsylvania.

Swann was born in Alcoa, Tennessee. He attended USC and played football as a wide receiver of the USC Trojans, where he was a consensus All-American. He is regarded as one of the most popular and one of the greatest wide receivers of his generation. He was selected by the Steelers in the first round of the 1974 NFL draft. With the Steelers, Swann won four Super Bowls, was selected to three Pro Bowls, and was named MVP of Super Bowl X. Swann was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2001 and the College Football Hall of Fame in 1993.

2006 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election
The 2006 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 2006, and included the races for the governor of Pennsylvania and lieutenant governor of Pennsylvania. Incumbent Democratic Governor Ed Rendell successfully ran for re-election. Pennsylvania's first female lieutenant governor, Catherine Baker Knoll, was also running for re-election.

As of 2025, this is the most recent gubernatorial election in which the Democratic candidate has carried the following counties- Clearfield, Columbia, Elk, Mercer, Pike, Susquehanna, Warren, Washington, Wayne and Wyoming. This is the last time any statewide race in Pennsylvania resulted in a candidate getting over 60% of the vote.
Osler Library of the History of Medicine
The Osler Library, a branch of the McGill University Library and part of ROAAr since 2016, is Canada's foremost scholarly resource for the history of medicine, and one of the most important libraries of its type in North America. It is located in the McIntyre Medical Sciences Building in Montreal.

McGill University Libraries
McGill University Libraries is the library system of McGill University in Montréal, Québec, Canada. It comprises  13 branch libraries, located on the downtown Montreal and Macdonald campuses, holding over 11.78 million items. It is the fourth-largest research intensive academic library in Canada.
Zbigniew Przybyszewski
Zbigniew Przybyszewski (1907–1952) was a Polish military officer and a Commander in the Polish Navy. During the early stages of World War II he served with distinction as the commanding officer of the Heliodor Laskowski's Artillery Battery No. 31 at Hel Peninsula. After the war he returned to Poland from a prisoner of war camp and resumed his service, rising to the post of CO Coastal Artillery and deputy commander of the Naval Branch of the General Staff. Arrested by Soviet authorities under false charges of espionage, he was sentenced to death in a show trial and executed.

Main Directorate of Information of the Polish Army
Główny Zarząd Informacji Wojska Polskiego (English: Main Directorate of Information of the Polish Army) was an early military Police and counter-espionage organ of the Polish People's Army in communist Poland during and after World War II. It is also known by its acronym GZI WP (sometimes shortened to GZI) or simply as Informacja Wojskowa (lit. 'Military Information') .
Ru (novel)
Ru is a novel by Vietnamese-born Canadian novelist Kim Thúy, first published in French in 2009 by Montreal publisher Libre Expression. It was translated into English in 2012 by Sheila Fischman and published by Vintage Canada.

Ru, a film adaptation of the novel, was directed by Charles-Olivier Michaud and released in 2023.

Ru (film)
Ru is a 2023 Canadian drama film directed by Charles-Olivier Michaud. An adaptation of Kim Thúy's award-winning 2009 novel Ru, the film centres on the coming-of-age of Tinh (Chloé Djandji), a young girl from Vietnam who is adapting to Quebec culture and society after her family move to Granby as refugees from the Vietnam War.

The cast also includes Chantal Thuy, Jean Bui, Olivier Dinh, Xavier Nguyen, Karine Vanasse, Patrice Robitaille, Mali Corbeil Gauvreau, Marie-Thérèse Fortin and Richard Fréchette. It was shot in 2022 in and around Montreal.

The film premiered in the Special Presentations program at the 2023 Toronto International Film Festival.
A721 road
The A721 road in Scotland runs mainly through North Lanarkshire and South Lanarkshire, serving as a main route within Bellshill, Motherwell, Wishaw and Carluke. It falls within the boundaries of Glasgow and the Scottish Borders for short distances at either end.

Carluke
Carluke (/kɑːrˈluːk/; Scottish Gaelic: Cathair MoLuaig) is a town that lies in the heart of the Lanarkshire countryside in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, 4+3⁄4 miles (7.5 kilometres) northwest of Lanark and 4+1⁄4 mi (7 km) southeast of Wishaw.

Carluke is largely a commuter town, with a variety of small stores and supermarkets available at its centre. The surrounding villages of Braidwood, Forth, Kilncadzow, and Law are supported by the various shops and services available in Carluke.