hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stian Solberg
Stian Solberg (born December 29, 2005) is a Norwegian professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for San Diego Gulls of the American Hockey League (AHL) as a prospect to the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted 23rd overall by the Ducks in the 2024 NHL entry draft, becoming the second Norwegian ever selected in the first round, following Michael Brandsegg-Nygård eight picks earlier in the same draft.

Michael Brandsegg-Nygård
Michael Brandsegg-Nygård (born 5 October 2005) is a Norwegian professional ice hockey player who is a forward for the Grand Rapids Griffins of the American Hockey League (AHL) while under contract to the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted 15th overall by the Red Wings in the 2024 NHL entry draft, becoming the first Norwegian ever selected in the first round.
Inexact differential
An inexact differential or imperfect differential is a differential whose integral is path dependent. It is most often used in thermodynamics to express changes in path dependent quantities such as heat and work, but is defined more generally within mathematics as a type of differential form. In contrast, an integral of an exact differential is always path independent since the integral acts to invert the differential operator. Consequently, a quantity with an inexact differential cannot be expressed as a function of only the variables within the differential. I.e., its value cannot be inferred just by looking at the initial and final states of a given system. Inexact differentials are primarily used in calculations involving heat and work because they are path functions, not state functions.

Exact differential
In multivariate calculus, a differential or differential form is said to be exact or perfect (exact differential), as contrasted with an inexact differential, if it is equal to the general differential  for some differentiable function  in an orthogonal coordinate system (hence  is a multivariable function whose variables are independent, as they are always expected to be when treated in multivariable calculus).

An exact differential is sometimes also called a total differential, or a full differential, or, in the study of differential geometry, it is termed an exact form.

The integral of an exact differential over any integral path is path-independent, and this fact is used to identify state functions in thermodynamics.
2016 Vermont Democratic presidential primary
The 2016 Vermont Democratic presidential primary was held on March 1, 2016, in the state of Vermont as one of the Democratic Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election.

On the same day, dubbed "Super Tuesday," Democratic primaries were held in ten other states plus American Samoa, while the Republican Party held primaries in eleven states including their own Vermont primary.

Senator Bernie Sanders took a very strong victory in his home state, receiving over 85% of the vote and winning all 16 of the state's pledged delegates.

2016 Vermont Republican presidential primary
The 2016 Vermont Republican presidential primary was held on March 1, 2016, along with ten other state nominating contests during Super Tuesday.

Donald Trump held a big edge in Vermont polls, with John Kasich and Marco Rubio splitting much of the rest of the vote. However, on election day, Donald Trump only narrowly won the popular vote by 2.3%, and tied with John Kasich in the delegate count. Vermont was one of only three states, along with his native Ohio and neighboring Michigan, where Kasich won a county.

This was the only GOP primary contest that Trump won in 2016 that he would lose in 2024, by 4 points to Nikki Haley.
Jing Hui
Jing Hui (敬暉) (died 706), courtesy name Zhongye (仲瞱), formally Prince Sumin of Pingyang (平陽肅愍王), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou dynasty, serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Zhongzong. He was a key figure in the coup that overthrew Wu Zetian and restored Emperor Zhongzong in 705, but was later exiled due to false accusations instigated by Wu Zetian's nephew Wu Sansi and killed in exile in a cruel manner.

Wu Sansi
Wu Sansi (died August 7, 707), known posthumously as Prince Xuan of Liang (梁宣王), was a Chinese prince and politician of the Tang and Wu Zhou dynasties. Wu Sansi served as a chancellor and imperial prince during the reign of his aunt, Empress Wu Zetian of Zhou, and was again a powerful chancellor during the second reign of Empress Wu's son, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang. He was aided in navigating the fraught period that followed Emperor Zhongzong's restoration by successive affairs with the influential consort Shangguan Wan'er and the powerful Empress Wei. Although he amassed significant authority and enjoyed the trust of Emperor Zhongzong, he was killed during an unsuccessful rebellion by the crown prince Li Chongjun in 707.
Baker Street tube station
Baker Street is a London Underground station, located at the junction of Baker Street and Marylebone Road in the City of Westminster. It is one of the original stations of the Metropolitan Railway (MR), the world's first underground railway, opened on 10 January 1863.

The station is in London fare zone 1 and is served by five lines. On the Circle and Hammersmith & City lines the station is between Edgware Road and Great Portland Street stations, and on the Metropolitan line it is between Finchley Road and Great Portland Street stations. On the Bakerloo line the station is between Marylebone and Regent's Park stations, and on the Jubilee line it is between St John's Wood and Bond Street stations.

St John's Wood tube station
St. John's Wood is a London Underground station. It is located in St John's Wood in the City of Westminster, north-west London. The station was opened in 1939 as a stop on the Bakerloo line. Today, it is on the Jubilee line between Swiss Cottage and Baker Street stations, and is in London fare zone 2. Essentially, St. John's Wood station is a local station with the nearby Metropolitan line bypassing this station. A Jubilee line journey between St. John's Wood and Baker Street typically takes less than three minutes.
Glossop railway station
Glossop railway station serves the Peak District town of Glossop in Derbyshire, England. Glossop is the third busiest railway station in the county of Derbyshire after Derby and Chesterfield. It is located just north of Norfolk Square in the centre of Glossop.

The station is 13 miles (21 km) east of Manchester Piccadilly, and is the terminus of the Glossop line. Together with nearby Derbyshire stations at Hadfield and Dinting, Glossop is considered to be part of the Greater Manchester rail network as it lies only a short distance over the county boundary and the line goes no further into Derbyshire. For that reason the station signs at Glossop feature the Transport for Greater Manchester (TfGM) logo, and the station features on the TfGM rail network map. However, Greater Manchester concessionary fares do not apply to passengers travelling from Glossop, Dinting or Hadfield.

Dinting railway station
Dinting railway station serves the village of Dinting in Derbyshire, England. It is a stop on the Glossop line and, prior to the Woodhead Line's closure in 1981, Dinting was a station on the Great Central Main Line between Manchester Piccadilly and Sheffield Victoria.
Noah Elliss
Noah Elliss (born March 31, 1999) is an American professional football defensive tackle. He played college football at Idaho and was signed by the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent after the 2022 NFL draft. He is the son of former Detroit Lions defensive tackle Luther Elliss and has three brothers that also play football: Kaden, Christian, and Jonah.

Christian Elliss
Christian Elliss (born January 2, 1999) is an American professional football linebacker for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Idaho Vandals and was originally signed as an undrafted free agent by the Minnesota Vikings. He is the son of former Detroit Lions defensive tackle Luther Elliss and has three brothers that also play in the NFL: Kaden, Noah, and Jonah.
Prince Erik, Count of Rosenborg
Prince Erik, Count of Rosenborg (Erik Frederik Christian Alexander zu Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg; 8 November 1890 – 10 September 1950) was a Danish royal family member. He was born at Copenhagen, the 3rd son of Prince Valdemar of Denmark and Princess Marie of Orléans.

Princess Marie of Orléans (1865–1909)
Princess Marie of Orléans (Marie Amélie Françoise Hélène; 13 January 1865 – 4 December 1909) was a French princess by birth and a Danish princess by marriage to Prince Valdemar. She was politically active by the standards of her day.
Kootenichela
Kootenichela deppi is an extinct arthropod described from the Middle Cambrian of the Kootenay National Park, Canada. It is originally considered to be a member of "great appendage arthropods", although subsequent studies questioned its affinity. Kootenichela appears to be the sister taxon of Worthenella, from cladistic analysis.

Megacheira
Megacheira (from Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas), meaning "great", and χείρ (kheír), meaning "hand", also historically great appendage arthropods) is an extinct class of predatory arthropods defined by their possession of spined "great appendages". Their taxonomic position is controversial, with studies generally either considering them stem-group euarthropods, or stem-group chelicerates. The homology of the great appendages to the cephalic appendages of other arthropods is also controversial. Uncontested members of the group were present in marine environments worldwide from the lower Cambrian to the upper Ordovician.
Kings & Things
Kings & Things is a 4-player fantasy board game designed by Tom Wham and co-published in 1986 by West End Games in North America and Games Workshop in the UK. Other versions of the game include the Kings & Things play-by-mail version in 1987, and a newer edition by Pegasus Spiele and Z-Man Games in 2010.

Kings & Things (play-by-mail game)
Kings & Things (also known as Kings & Things*) was a computer moderated fantasy play-by-mail game published by Andon Games that was active in the 1980s and early 1990s. In the game, up to twenty players took the role of leader of a kingdom and recruited "things" or creatures to assist them in becoming the next emperor. Combat, diplomacy, and magic played significant roles in this fantasy role-playing game. Reception was generally positive, although there were comments about cumbersome turn results during the late 1980s. The game enjoyed peak reviews and ratings in the late 1980s and early 1990s, winning the Origins Award for best play-by-mail game in 1988.
Rancho San Jacinto Sobrante
Rancho San Jacinto Sobrante was a 48,847-acre (197.68 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Riverside County, California given in 1846 by Governor Pío Pico to María del Rosario Estudillo de Aguirre.  The Rancho San Jacinto Sobrante grant was of the surplus or "sobrante" of Jose Antonio Estudillo's Rancho San Jacinto Viejo and Miguel Pedrorena's Rancho San Jacinto Nuevo y Potrero.  The grant encompassed present day Lake Mathews.  At the time of the US patent, Rancho San Jacinto Sobrante was a part of San Bernardino County.  The County of Riverside was created by the California Legislature in 1893 by taking land from both San Diego and San  Bernardino Counties.

Rancho San Jacinto Viejo
Rancho San Jacinto Viejo was a 35,503-acre (143.68 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Riverside County, California, given in 1842 by Governor Pro-tem Manuel Jimeno to José Antonio Estudillo.  At the time of the US Patent, Rancho San Jacinto Viejo was a part of San Diego County.  The County of Riverside was created by the California Legislature in 1893 by taking land from both San Bernardino and San Diego Counties.  The grant encompassed present-day Hemet and San Jacinto.
Andi Schwaller
Andreas "Andi" Schwaller (born 8 July 1970 in Recherswil) is a Swiss curler.

Schwaller started playing curling in 1982. He plays in fourth position as a skip and is right-handed.

In 2001 he won a silver medal at the World Curling Championships, in his home country.  He scored an upset victory over Randy Ferbey in the semifinals, before falling to Peja Lindholm in the final.

At the 2002 Winter Olympics he looked set to make the gold medal game, leading eventual gold medalist Pål Trulsen 6-3 after 8 ends in the semifinal.   Trulsen though made a large comeback, stealing in the 10th end, and then coming up with the winning stolen point in the 11th when Schwaller wrecked on a guard.   He recovered to win the bronze medal game over Sweden, skipped by Lindholm, gaining revenge from the previous years World Championship final result, and earning an Olympic medal.

His brother is Christof Schwaller, his daughter is Xenia Schwaller.

Christof Schwaller
Christof Schwaller (born 3 October 1966) is a Swiss curler and Olympic medalist. He received a bronze medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City.

He played for the Swiss team at the 1998 (as skip), 2001 (as skip) and 2005 world championships, with the silver medal in 2001 as the best achievement.   He also won an Olympic bronze medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics.

He was skip for the Swiss team that reached the bronze final at the 1988 World Junior Curling Championships in Füssen (finishing fourth).

His brother is Andreas Schwaller. His sons are Yannick Schwaller and Kim Schwaller.
Lucius Appuleius Saturninus
Lucius Appuleius Saturninus (died late 100 BC) was a Roman populist and tribune. He is most notable for introducing a series of legislative reforms, alongside his associate Gaius Servilius Glaucia and with the consent of Gaius Marius, during the last years of the second century BC. Senatorial opposition to these laws eventually led to an internal crisis, the declaration of the senatus consultum ultimum, and the deaths of Saturninus, Glaucia, and their followers in 100 BC.

Gaius Servilius Glaucia
Gaius Servilius Glaucia (died late 100 BC) was a Roman politician who served as praetor in 100 BC. He is most well known for being an illegal candidate for the consulship of 99 BC. He was killed during riots and political violence in the year 100 BC while pursuing consular candidacy.
Saint-Luc, Switzerland
Saint-Luc (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ lyk] ⓘ) is a village in the district of Sierre in the Swiss canton of Valais. An independent municipality before, it merged on 1 January 2009 with neighboring Ayer, Chandolin, Grimentz, Saint Jean and Vissoie to form the municipality of Anniviers.

Chandolin
Chandolin is a village in the district of Sierre in the Swiss canton of Valais. An independent municipality before, it merged on 1 January 2009 with neighboring Ayer, Grimentz, Saint Jean, Saint-Luc and Vissoie to form the municipality of Anniviers.
Partnership taxation (Hong Kong)
Partnership taxation in Hong Kong is the taxation of the profits or losses generated by partnership business entities.  First, these profits or losses of the partnership are assessed according to the Hong Kong Inland Revenue Ordinance, Chapter 112, section 22.  After assessment, then said profits or losses flow through the partnership to the partners who are then taxed on their share of said profits or losses generated by the partnership without any taxes levied against the partnership.

Partnership (Hong Kong)
A partnership in Hong Kong is a business entity formed by the Partnerships Ordinance, which defines a partnership as "the relation between persons carrying on a business in common with a view of profit" and is not a joint stock company or an incorporated company.  If the business entity registers with the Registrar of Companies it takes the form of a limited partnership defined in the Limited Partnerships Ordinance.  However, if this business entity fails to register with the Registrar of Companies, then it becomes a general partnership as a default.
The Sandlot 2
The Sandlot 2 is a 2005 American sports comedy film written, directed, and narrated by David Mickey Evans. It is the second film in The Sandlot franchise and a direct-to-DVD sequel to The Sandlot (1993). The film was followed by another sequel The Sandlot: Heading Home (2007).

The Sandlot: Heading Home
The Sandlot: Heading Home is a 2007 American science fiction sports comedy film directed by William Dear and starring Luke Perry, Danny Nucci and Sarah Deakins. It is the third installment in The Sandlot franchise and a sequel to The Sandlot 2 (2005). It was released direct-to-video on May 1, 2007.
Yörük Ali Efe
Yörük Ali Efe (1886 – 23 September 1951) was a Turkish guerrilla leader in the Ottoman Empire, and an officer in the Turkish Army during the Turkish War of Independence. He was an important leader in Kuva-yi Milliye of the Aegean Region. After the declaration of republic he resigned from his office and worked as a farmer and industrialist. He was one of the last Zeybeks in Turkish history.

Zeybeks
Zeybeks, sometimes spelled as Zeibeks (Greek: Ζεϊμπέκοι Zeibekoi; Ottoman Turkish: زیبك, romanized: zeybek), were Turkish irregular militia and guerrilla fighters living in West Anatolia from late 17th to early 20th centuries.
Zalmoxes
Zalmoxes is a genus of probable rhabdodontid ornithopod dinosaur from the Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous in what is now Romania. The genus is known from specimens first named as the species Mochlodon robustum in 1899 by Franz Nopcsa before being reclassified as Rhabdodon robustum by him in 1915. In 1990, this name was corrected to Rhabdodon robustus by George Olshevsky and, in 2003, the species was once more reclassified as the type species Zalmoxes robustus. Zalmoxes represents one of the most common vertebrates of Transylvania during the latest Cretaceous period. The generic name refers to the Dacian deity Zalmoxis and the specific name robustus refers to the robustness of the remains. Another species, Zalmoxes shqiperorum, was named in 2003, but this species has since been reassigned to a separate genus of ceratopsian, Ferenceratops.

Rhabdodontidae
Rhabdodontidae is a family of herbivorous iguanodontian ornithopod dinosaurs whose earliest stem members appeared in the middle of the Lower Cretaceous. The oldest dated fossils of these stem members were found in the Barremian Castrillo de la Reina Formation of Spain, dating to approximately 129.4 to 125.0 million years ago. With their deep skulls and jaws, Rhabdodontids were similar to large, robust iguanodonts. The family was first proposed by David B. Weishampel and colleagues in 2003. Rhabdodontid fossils have been mainly found in Europe in formations dating to the Late Cretaceous.

The defining characteristics of the clade Rhabdodontidae include the spade-shape of the teeth, the presence of three or more premaxillary teeth, the distinct difference between the two maxillary and dentary teeth ridge patterns, and the uniquely shaped femur, humerus, and ulna. Members of Rhabdodontidae have an adult body length of 1.6 to 6.0 meters.
Temple C (Selinus)
Temple C at Selinus (Sicily), is a Greek temple of Magna Graecia in the Doric style. It was one of the most ancient of the temples at Selinus, having probably been built on the acropolis a little after the middle of the sixth century BC, although its dating is controversial. The temple was the object of archaeological research in the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century and later the remains of a long stretch of the northern colonnade received anastylosis (reconstruction using the original material) in 1929.
After a twelve-year-long restoration, in 2011 the colonnade was freed from scaffolding and made properly visible once more.

Temple C was probably used as an archive (hundreds of seals have been recovered from it) and was dedicated to Apollo, as shown by an inscription, not to Heracles.

Selinunte
Selinunte (/ˌsɛlɪˈnuːnteɪ/ SEL-in-OON-tay, Italian: [seliˈnunte]; Ancient Greek: Σελῑνοῦς, romanized: Selīnoûs [seliːnûːs]; Latin: Selīnūs [sɛˈliːnuːs]; Sicilian: Silinunti [sɪlɪˈnuntɪ]) was a rich and extensive ancient Greek city of Magna Graecia on the south-western coast of Sicily in Italy. It was situated between the valleys of the Cottone and Modione rivers. It now lies in the comune of Castelvetrano, between the frazioni of Triscina di Selinunte in the west and Marinella di Selinunte in the east.

The archaeological site contains many great temples, the earliest dating from 550 BC, with five centred on an acropolis.

At its peak before 409 BC the city may have had 30,000 inhabitants, excluding slaves. It was destroyed and abandoned in 250 BC and never reoccupied.
Pennsylvania Route 995
Pennsylvania Route 995 (PA 995) is a 19-mile-long (31 km) north–south state route in south central Pennsylvania. The southern terminus of the route is at PA 75 in Claylick. The northern terminus is at U.S. Route 30 (US 30) west of Chambersburg. The road carries the names Welsh Run Road, Lemar Road, and Warm Spring Road. PA 995 is a two-lane undivided road that runs southwest-northeast through farmland in southwestern Franklin County. The route crosses PA 416 in Welsh Run and forms a concurrency with PA 16 in Upton. PA 995 was designated in 1928 between Williamson and US 30 west of Chambersburg. The route was extended southwest to PA 75 in Claylick in 1937, with the road paved in the 1930s.

U.S. Route 30 in Pennsylvania
U.S. Route 30 (US 30) is a United States Numbered Highway that runs east–west across the southern part of Pennsylvania, passing through Pittsburgh and Philadelphia on its way from the West Virginia state line east to the Benjamin Franklin Bridge over the Delaware River into New Jersey.

In Pennsylvania, US 30 runs along or near the transcontinental Lincoln Highway, an auto trail which ran from San Francisco to New York City before the U.S. Numbered Highways were designated. The Lincoln Highway turned northeast at Philadelphia, however, using present US 1 and its former alignments to cross the Delaware River into Trenton, New Jersey.

Points of interest along US 30 include the Gettysburg Battlefield, Dutch Wonderland, the Flight 93 National Memorial, Fort Ligonier, Westmoreland Mall, Jennerstown Speedway Complex, Idlewild and Soak Zone, and Independence Mall at the Independence National Historical Park.
Jamharat Ash'ar al-Arab
Jamharat Ash'ar al-Arab (Arabic: جمهرة أشعار العرب; The Gathering of the Arabs' Verses) is a pre-Islamic Arabic poetry anthology by Abu Zayd al-Qurashi.  The date of publication is unknown, and al-Qurashi is supposed by various scholars to have lived in the 8th, 9th or 10th centuries.  It contains seven sections, each containing seven qasidas.

The Jamharat Ash'ar al-Arab is one of five canonical primary sources of early Arabic poetry. The four others are Mu'allaqat, Hamasah, Mufaddaliyat and the Asma'iyyat.

Mu'allaqat
The Muʻallaqāt (Arabic: المعلقات, [ʔalmuʕallaqaːt]) is a compilation of seven long pre-Islamic Arabic poems. The name means The Suspended Odes or The Hanging Poems, they were named so because these poems were hung in the Kaaba in Mecca. Some scholars have also suggested that the hanging is figurative, as if the poems "hang" in the reader's mind.

Along with the Mufaddaliyat, Jamharat Ash'ar al-Arab, Asma'iyyat, and the Hamasah, the Mu'allaqāt are considered the primary source for early written Arabic poetry. Scholar Peter N. Stearns goes so far as to say that they represent "the most sophisticated poetic production in the history of Arabic letters."