hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Louis-Tancrède Bouthillier
Louis-Tancrède Bouthillier (March 1, 1796 – February 28, 1881) was Sheriff of Montreal, a Canadian officer, merchant and landowner. His home Outre-Mont gave its name to the village that subsequently became the City of Outremont. He later purchased the manor of his wife's uncle, Clément-Charles Sabrevois de Bleury.

Outremont, Quebec
Outremont (French pronunciation: [utʁəmɔ̃]) is an affluent residential borough (arrondissement) of the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It consists entirely  of the former city on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec. The neighbourhood is inhabited largely by Francophones, and is also home to a Hasidic Jewish community. Since the 1950s, Outremont has been mostly residential, but some streets such as Van Horne, Bernard and Laurier have many commercial buildings.

The neighborhood's major commercial streets are Laurier Avenue, Bernard Avenue, and Van Horne Avenue.
Isabel Hampton Robb
Isabel Adams Hampton Robb (1859–1910) was an American nurse theorist, author, nursing school administrator and early leader. Hampton was the first Superintendent of Nurses at the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, wrote several influential textbooks, and helped to found the organizations that became known as the National League for Nursing, the International Council of Nurses, and the American Nurses Association. Hampton also played a large role in advancing the social status of nursing through her work in developing a curriculum of more advanced training during her time at the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing.

National League for Nursing
The National League for Nursing (NLN) is a national organization for faculty nurses and leaders in nurse education.  It offers faculty development, networking opportunities, testing services, nursing research grants, and public policy initiatives to more than 45,000 individual and 1,000 education and associate members.
Jack Lord
John Joseph Patrick Ryan (December 30, 1920 – January 21, 1998), best known by his stage name, Jack Lord, was an American television, film and Broadway actor, director and producer. He starred as Steve McGarrett in the CBS television program Hawaii Five-O, which ran from 1968 to 1980.

Hawaii Five-O (1968 TV series)
Hawaii Five-O is an American police procedural drama series produced by CBS Productions and created by Leonard Freeman. Set in Hawaii, the show aired for 12 seasons on CBS from September 20, 1968, to April 5, 1980. The show starred Jack Lord as Detective Captain Stephen "Steve" McGarrett, the head of a fictional state police task force in Hawaii. The theme music composed by Morton Stevens became especially popular. Many episodes in the series would end with McGarrett's catchphrase, "Book 'em, Danno!"

At the airing of its finale, it was the longest-running police drama in American television history, and the last scripted primetime show that debuted in the 1960s to leave the air.
Manhattan Estate
The Manhattan Estate in Wrocław is a residential and commercial complex located at Grunwaldzki Square (pl. Grunwaldzki 4–20) and 15 Maria Skłodowska-Curie Street. The development consists of six residential buildings and three commercial pavilions. Designed between 1967 and 1970 by architect Jadwiga Grabowska-Hawrylak, the estate was constructed between 1970 and 1973 by the Wrocław General Construction Enterprise. The residential buildings were completed and opened for use between 1976 and 1978. Locally, the complex is often referred to as Wrocław's Manhattan, Bunkrowce (Bunkers), or Sedesowce (Toilet Bowls) due to its distinctive architectural style.

Grunwald Square (town square in Wrocław)
The Grunwald Square (Polish: plac Grunwaldzki [ˈplad͡z ɡrunˈvalt͡skʲi]), named after the Battle of Grunwald) is a former square, currently a major street and important transit point in Wrocław, Poland. The nearby universities (Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, some departments of University of Wrocław) and their dormitories make it one of the centres of student life in Wrocław. The central portion of the Grunwald Square has been redeveloped in 2006-2007 into a large oval-shaped roundabout with a major public transport hub in its centre.
Fighter kite
Fighter kites are kites used for the sport of kite fighting. Traditionally, most are small, unstable single-line flat kites where line tension alone is used for control, at least part of which is manja, typically glass-coated cotton strands, to cut down the line of others.

Kite fighting is contested in many countries, but particularly in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Hong Kong, Nepal, Pakistan, Vietnam, Korea, Thailand, Chile and Brazil.

Manja (string)
Manja (or manjha) (IPA: /maːŋdʒʱaː/) is an abrasive string used to fly fighter kites, mainly in South Asian countries. It is made when a cotton string is coated with powdered glass or a similar abrasive. In Chile it is called hilo curado (cured thread).
Joanna of Châtillon
Joanna of Châtillon or Joan, French: Jeanne; (c. 1285 – 16 January 1354) was the wife of Walter V of Brienne (1305). She was Duchess of Athens by marriage (1308–1311). She was the daughter of Gaucher V de Châtillon, Constable of France and Isabelle de Dreux. Her paternal grandparents were Gaucher IV de Châtillon and Isabelle de Villehardouin. Her maternal grandparents were Robert de Dreux, Viscount of Chateaudun and Isabelle de Villebéon.

Walter VI, Count of Brienne
Walter VI of Brienne (c. 1304 – 19 September 1356) was a French nobleman and crusader. He was the count of Brienne in France, the count of Conversano and Lecce in southern Italy and claimant to the Duchy of Athens in Frankish Greece.
Miguel Jorge
Miguel Jorge (1928–1984), also known as “Micky” Jorge, was a Cuban artist who was influential in the establishment of South Florida's early Latin American art market in the Greater Miami area from the 1960s through the 1980s.

Jesús Permuy
Jesús A. Permuy (born 1935) is a Cuban-American architect, urban planner, human rights activist, art collector, and businessman. He is known for an extensive career of community projects and initiatives in Florida, Washington, D.C., Europe, and Latin America.
Phossy jaw
Phossy jaw, formally known as phosphorus necrosis of the jaw, was an occupational disease affecting those who worked with white phosphorus (also known as yellow phosphorus) without proper safeguards. It was most commonly seen in workers in the matchstick industry in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was caused by white phosphorus vapor, which destroys the bones of the jaw. Modern occupational hygiene practices have since eliminated the working conditions that caused this disease.

Match
A match is a tool for starting a fire. Typically, matches are made of small wooden sticks or stiff paper. One end is coated with a material that can be ignited by friction generated by striking the match against a suitable surface. Wooden matches are packaged in matchboxes, and paper matches are partially cut into rows and stapled into matchbooks. The coated end of a match, known as the match "head", consists of a bead of active ingredients and binder, often colored for easier inspection. There are two main types of matches: safety matches, which can be struck only against a specially prepared surface, and strike-anywhere matches, for which any suitably frictional surface can be used.
RawCamp Academy Sharks
RawCamp Academy Sharks (sometimes stylized as RCA SHARKS.EXE) is a professional men's basketball club based in Toronto, Canada, and Bangkok, Thailand. The team competes in FIBA 3x3 tournaments and is currently participating in the Thailand Global Basketball League.

Thailand Basketball League
The Thailand Basketball League (TBL) (Thai: ไทยแลนด์บาสเกตบอลลีก) is a man's professional basketball league in Thailand. The lower competitions are the TBL Division 2 and Division 3. Hi-Tech is the most decorated team in the league history.
Georgia State Route 365
State Route 365 (SR 365, also known as the Sidney Lanier Parkway) is a 69.5-mile-long (111.8 km) state highway that travels within portions of Gwinnett, Hall, Habersham, and Stephens counties in the US state of Georgia. It begins at exit 113 on Interstate 85 (I-85), at the southeastern edge of Suwanee. This is also the southern terminus of I-985. It continues from that point running concurrently with I-985 for the entire length of that freeway. Eventually, U.S. Route 23 (US 23) also joins the concurrency. The highway heads northeast through Gainesville and Toccoa, before it terminates at the South Carolina state line, southwest of Westminster, South Carolina.

Habersham County, Georgia
Habersham County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 46,031. The county seat is Clarkesville. The county was created on December 15, 1818, and named for Colonel Joseph Habersham of the Continental Army in the Revolutionary War. Habersham County comprises the Cornelia, GA Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Laridae
Laridae is a family of seabirds in the order Charadriiformes that includes the gulls, terns (including white terns), noddies, and skimmers. It includes 105 species arranged into 23 genera. They are an adaptable group of mostly aerial birds found worldwide.

Anous
The noddies, forming the genus Anous, are a genus of seabirds in family Laridae which also contains the gulls, terns and skimmers.  The genus contains five species.

The noddies inhabit tropical oceans and have a worldwide distribution, ranging from Hawaii to the Tuamotu Archipelago and Australia in the Pacific Ocean, from the Red Sea to the Seychelles and Australia in the Indian Ocean and in the Caribbean to Tristan da Cunha in the Atlantic Ocean. They nest in colonies on cliffs or in short trees or shrubs, seldom on the ground. The female lays one egg in each breeding season. These birds feed on small fish which they catch by dipping their bills beneath the surface while flying; they do not plunge dive.
Vedam (film)
Vedam (transl. Chant) is a 2010 Indian Telugu-language hyperlink action drama film written and directed by Krish, and produced by Shobu Yarlagadda and Prasad Devineni under their banner Arka Media Works. The film features an ensemble cast consisting of Allu Arjun, Manchu Manoj, Anushka Shetty, Manoj Bajpayee, Saranya Ponvannan, Nagayya, Deeksha Seth, and Lekha Washington. M. M. Keeravani composed the music while Gnana Shekar V. S. did the cinematography.

Vedam follows the lives of five main characters whose paths cross on a New Year’s Eve at a hospital in Hyderabad. The film released on 4 June 2010, where it was critically acclaimed and won multiple awards, including four Filmfare Awards (Best Film, Best Director, Best Actor and Best Actress). Film Companion included Vedam in their list of 25 Greatest Telugu Films Of The Decade. Krish later remade the film in Tamil as Vaanam (2011).

Shobu Yarlagadda and Prasad Devineni
Yarlagadda Naga Sobhanadri and Devineni Srinivas Saiprasad, popularly known as Shobu Yarlagadda and Prasad Devineni are an Indian film producer duo. They founded Arka Media Works, a film production company known for its works in Telugu cinema and Telugu Television Programs and Shows. Their notable productions include Vedam (2010), Maryada Ramanna (2010), the Baahubali film series (2015–2017) and Uma Maheswara Ugra Roopasya (2020). Yarlagadda and Devineni have together garnered two National Film Awards, two state Nandi Awards, three Filmfare South Awards, two SIIMA awards, one Zee Cine Awards Telugu and a Saturn Award.
George Singh
George Bawa Singh (May 1937 – 9 March 1999) was a Belizean judge who served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in 1998 and as a Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court from 1991 to 1998.  He previously served as Solicitor General and Director of Public Prosecutions.

Solicitor-General of Belize
The Solicitor-General of Belize is a law officer of the government of Belize, subordinate to the Attorney-General of Belize. The office is defined briefly by the Constitution of Belize, which mentions it as one of the ex officio members of the Public Services Commission. In 1999, after Gian Ghandi was removed from the SG position, the role's responsibilities were revised; in particular, court administrative and financial functions were transferred to the Permanent Secretary of the Attorney-General's Ministry, while law drafting became the responsibility of the Office of Parliamentary Counsel, then Elson Kaseke. From 2008 to 2009 the office of Solicitor-General was vacant, leading to criticism of PM Dean Barrow.
Gebre Tasfa
Gebre Tasfa better known as Gebre of Semien (Gabriel of Semien) (died May 1815) was the governor of Semien, Tsegede, Welkait and Wogera during the late 18th and early 19th century in Ethiopia. He held the title of Ras, and had an unusually long reign spanning 44 years during the tumultuous Zemene Mesafint when lords of each province and district continuously fought each other for supremacy. Ras Gebre was the primary backer of his son-in-law Emperor Tekle Giyorgis I claims to the throne.

Semien Province
Semien Province (Amharic: ሰሜን, “North”) was a historical province  of northwest Ethiopia. It was located south and west of the Tekezé River, and north of Lake Tsana. It was south of Tigray Province, west of Tembien Province, and east of the Sudan. To some extent it covered the northern parts of the former Begemder and Wolkait now known as the Semien Gondar Zone. While its borders varied considerably over time. Alexander Murray include Wag as part of Semien.

Its 18th and 19th century capital was Inchetkaub, other towns were Addi Arkay, Debarq, Dabat, Derasghie, Mesfinto, Segonet and Sekota del Semien.

The highest point was Ras Dashen in the Semien Mountains.
Henry III of Castile
Henry III of Castile (4 October 1379 – 25 December 1406), called the Suffering due to his ill health (Spanish: Enrique el Doliente, Galician: Henrique o Doente), was the son of John I and Eleanor of Aragon. He succeeded his father as King of Castile in 1390.

Ferdinand I of Aragon
Ferdinand I (Spanish: Fernando I; 27 November 1380 – 2 April 1416 in Igualada, Òdena) named Ferdinand of Antequera and also the Just (or the Honest) was king of Aragon, Valencia, Majorca, Sardinia and (nominally) Corsica and king of Sicily, duke (nominal) of Athens and Neopatria, and count of Barcelona, Roussillon and Cerdanya (1412–1416). He was also regent of Castile (1406–1416). He was the first Castillian ruler of the Crown of Aragon.
Clermont Transportation Connection
Clermont Transportation Connection (CTC) is a public transportation agency serving Clermont County, Ohio, United States. It operates two fixed transit bus routes, the Dial-A-Ride demand responsive transport service, and paratransit service. The two fixed routes are express routes from suburban areas to Downtown Cincinnati. Three Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority bus routes (28, 29X, 82X) also extend into the county with funding from CTC.

CTC was founded in 1977 as Clermont Area Rural Transit (CART).

Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority
The Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority (SORTA) is the public transport agency serving Cincinnati and its Ohio suburbs. SORTA operates Metro fixed-route buses, bus rapid transit, microtransit, and paratransit services. SORTA's headquarters are located at the Huntington Building in Cincinnati’s Central Business District.  The agency is managed by CEO and General Manager Andy Aiello along with a 13-member board of trustees.  In 2024, the system had a ridership of 13,470,800, or about 43,600 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

Downtown Cincinnati is also served by the Transit Authority of Northern Kentucky (TANK), whose transit services extend over the Ohio River into Northern Kentucky.
Sarraounia (film)
Sarraounia is a 1986 historical drama film written and directed by Med Hondo. It is based on a novel of the same name by Nigerien author Abdoulaye Mamani, who co-wrote the screenplay. The novel and film concern the real-life Battle of Lougou between Azna (remnant animist-Hausa people) queen Sarraounia and the advancing French Colonial Forces of the Voulet-Chanoine Mission in 1899. Sarraounia was one of the few African tribal leaders that resisted the advances of French expansionists Paul Voulet and Julien Chanoine. The film won the first prize at the Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou (FESPACO) and was critically well received.

Voulet–Chanoine Mission
The Voulet–Chanoine Mission, also called Central African-Chad Mission (French: mission Afrique Centrale-Tchad), was a French military expedition sent out from Senegal in 1898 to conquer the Chad Basin and unify all French territories in West Africa. This expedition operated jointly with two other expeditions, the Foureau–Lamy and Gentil missions, which advanced from Algeria and Middle Congo respectively. The refusal of the expedition commander and his second-in-command to follow orders from France, their murder of a commanding officer and their subsequent deaths at the hands of their own soldiers cast a dark shadow over France's emerging colonial empire in Africa at the end of the 19th century.
The expedition is remembered for its descent into depravity and extreme violence, actions which today would legally be considered war crimes.
Ochota massacre
The Ochota massacre (in Polish: Rzeź Ochoty – "Ochota slaughter") was a wave of German-orchestrated mass murder, looting, arson, torture and rape, which swept through the Warsaw district of Ochota from 4–25 August 1944, during the Warsaw Uprising. The principal perpetrators of these war crimes were the Nazi collaborationist Waffen-Sturmbrigade RONA., the so-called "Russian National Liberation Army" (Russian: Русская Освободительная Народная Армия, RONA), commanded by Bronislav Kaminski.

The worst atrocities were committed in the local hospitals, in the Curie Institute, the Kolonia Staszica housing estate, and the Zieleniak concentration camp. In all, about 10,000 residents of Ochota were killed and had their property stolen, after which the district was systematically burnt down by German forces, as were the bodies of many of the victims.

Verbrennungskommando Warschau
Verbrennungskommando Warschau (German: Warsaw burning detachment) was a slave labour unit formed by the SS following the Wola massacre of around 40,000 to 50,000 Polish civilians by the Germans in the early days of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944.

The purpose of the Verbrennungskommando was to remove evidence of the citywide campaign of mass murder that took place during the Uprising, by collecting corpses into large piles and burning them in open-air pyres on Elektoralna and Chłodna Streets among others. The squad was directly subordinated to SS-Obersturmführer Neumann and was also earmarked for execution after the completion of their work.
Justin B. Smith
Justin B. Smith (born August 13, 1969) is an American media executive. He co-founded the news website Semafor in 2022. He was previously the chief executive officer of Bloomberg Media Group. Before joining Bloomberg, Smith worked for Atlantic Media, The Week magazine and The Economist.

Bloomberg L.P.
Bloomberg L.P. is an American privately held financial, software, data, and media company headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It was co-founded by Michael Bloomberg in 1981, with Thomas Secunda, Duncan MacMillan, Charles Zegar, and a 12% ownership investment by Merrill Lynch.

Bloomberg L.P. provides financial software tools and enterprise applications such as analytics and an equity trading platform, data services, and news to financial companies and organizations through the Bloomberg Terminal (via its Bloomberg Professional Service), its core revenue-generating product. Bloomberg L.P. also includes a news agency (Bloomberg News), a global television network (Bloomberg Television), websites, radio stations (Bloomberg Radio), subscription-only newsletters, and two magazines: Bloomberg Businessweek and Bloomberg Markets.

As of 2019, the company has 176 locations and nearly 20,000 employees.
Amleth
Amleth (Old Norse: Amlóði; Latinized as Amlethus) is a figure in a medieval Scandinavian legend, the direct inspiration of the character of Prince Hamlet, the hero of William Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. The chief authority for the legend of Amleth is Saxo Grammaticus, who devotes to it parts of the third and fourth books of his Gesta Danorum, completed at the beginning of the 13th century. Saxo's version is supplemented by Latin and  vernacular compilations from a much later date. In all versions, prince Amleth (Amblothæ) is the son of Horvendill (Orwendel), king of the Jutes. It has often been assumed that the story is ultimately derived from an Old Icelandic poem, but no such poem has been found; the extant Icelandic versions, known as the Ambales-saga or Amloda-saga, are considerably later than Saxo. Amleth's name is not mentioned in Old-Icelandic regnal lists before Saxo. Only the 15th-century Sagnkrønike from Stockholm may contain some older elements.

Hamlet's Grave
There are two sites in Denmark presented as Hamlet's Grave (Hamlets Grav), the burial site of Amleth (Amlethus, Amlodi, Amblett), the  Jutish chieftain of historical legend on whom Hamlet, the hero of  Shakespeare's tragedy was based; one is in the grounds of Marienlyst Castle in Helsingør, the other is a Bronze Age tumulus in Ammelhede,  Randers Municipality, Jutland.
Slingshot argument
In philosophical logic, a slingshot argument is one of a group of arguments claiming to show that all true sentences stand for the same thing.

This type of argument was dubbed the "slingshot" by philosophers Jon Barwise and John Perry (1981) due to its disarming simplicity.  It is usually said that versions of the slingshot argument have been given by Gottlob Frege, Alonzo Church, W. V. Quine, and Donald Davidson. However, it has been disputed by Lorenz Krüger (1995) that there is much unity in this tradition. Moreover, Krüger rejects Davidson's claim that the argument can refute the correspondence theory of truth. Stephen Neale (1995) claims, controversially, that the most compelling version was suggested by Kurt Gödel (1944).

These arguments are sometimes modified to support the alternative, and evidently stronger, conclusion that there is only one  fact, or one true proposition, state of affairs, truth condition, truthmaker, and so on.

John Perry (philosopher)
John Richard Perry (born January 16, 1943) is an American philosopher who is professor emeritus at Stanford University and the University of California, Riverside. He has made significant contributions to philosophy in the fields of philosophy of language, metaphysics, and philosophy of mind. He is known primarily for his work on situation semantics (together with Jon Barwise), reflexivity, indexicality, personal identity, and self-knowledge.
Soyuz 10
Soyuz 10 (Russian: 'Союз 10', Union 10) was launched on 22 April 1971 as the world's first mission to the world's first space station, the Soviet Salyut 1. The docking was not successful and the crew, Vladimir Shatalov, Aleksei Yeliseyev, and Nikolai Rukavishnikov, returned to Earth without having entered the station. Following difficulties in docking pairs of Soyuz capsules, this would be the first of numerous docking failures in the Soviet space station program.

Nikolai Rukavishnikov
Nikolai Nikolayevich Rukavishnikov (Russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Рукави́шников; 18 September 1932 – 19 October 2002) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew three space missions of the Soyuz programme: Soyuz 10, Soyuz 16, and Soyuz 33. Two of these missions, Soyuz 10 and Soyuz 33, were intended to dock with Salyut space stations, but failed to do so.