hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wideband Global SATCOM
The Wideband Global SATCOM system (WGS) is a high capacity United States Space Force satellite communications system planned for use in partnership by the United States Department of Defense (DoD), Canadian Department of National Defence (DND) and the Australian Department of Defence. The system is composed of the Space Segment satellites, the Terminal Segment users and the Control Segment operators.

DoD wideband satellite communication services are currently provided by a combination of the existing Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) and Global Broadcast Service (GBS) satellites. According to United Launch Alliance, quoted on Spaceflight Now, "A single WGS spacecraft has as much bandwidth as the entire existing DSCS constellation." WGS operations are currently run by the 4th Space Operations Squadron, out of Schriever Space Force Base, as well as the 53rd Space Operations Squadron.

53rd Space Operations Squadron
The 53rd Space Operations Squadron (53 SOPS) is a United States Space Force unit. Assigned to the Space Operations Command's Space Delta 8, it is responsible for providing payload and transmission command and control of the Wideband Global SATCOM and Defense Satellite Communications System constellations. It is headquartered at Schriever Space Force Base, Colorado.  Whereas the 4th Space Operations Squadron (4 SOPS) operates the satellite "bus" (e.g. the solar cells, batteries, propulsion, etc), the 53 SOPS is responsible for operating the mission payload - high capacity "wideband" military satellite communications.
Lee Valley Reservoir Chain
The Lee Valley Reservoir Chain is located in the Lee Valley, and comprises 13 reservoirs that supply drinking water to London.

The Reservoir Chain, together with the flood plain which it occupies, is a major geographic constraint; together with the Thames it is one of the two significant topographic features that divide the capital and define the communities on either side. The Lower Lea Valley, downstream of the reservoirs, is more integrated, with better east–west transport connectivity.

Lower Lea Valley
The Lower Lea Valley is the southern end of the Lea Valley which surrounds the River Lea in eastern Greater London. It is part of the Thames Gateway redevelopment area and was the location of the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Government of Peace and Unity
The Government of Peace and Unity (Arabic: حكومة السلام والوحدة, romanized: Ḥukūmat as-Salām wal-Waḥda) is a rival government and quasi-state established in April 2025 to administer areas of Sudan controlled by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and allied groups during the Sudanese Civil War, in opposition to the internationally recognised government appointed by the Transitional Sovereignty Council. The Government of Peace and Unity is headed by the leader of RSF Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo known by the nom de guerre "Hemedti".

Kamil Idris government
The Kamil Idris government is the internationally recognised cabinet of the Republic of Sudan formed when Kamil Idris was appointed as prime minister of Sudan by the president of the Transitional Sovereignty Council, Abdel Fattah al-Burhan on 31 May 2025.
John McPartland
John Donald McPartland (1911–1958) was a writer specializing in pulp fiction crime whose career was ended by an early death at age 47. In addition to his pulp work, he is known for his more standard novel, No Down Payment, which was later made into the movie of the same title, directed by Martin Ritt and starring Joanne Woodward and Tony Randall, among others.

McPartland also is known for a strongly anti-communist Life magazine article, titled "Portrait of an American Communist," which he penned as a Life magazine staff writer in January 1948.

No Down Payment
No Down Payment is a 1957 American drama film directed by Martin Ritt. It was written by Philip Yordan, who fronted for an uncredited and blacklisted Ben Maddow, and is based on the novel of the same name by John McPartland. The film stars Joanne Woodward, Sheree North, Tony Randall, Jeffrey Hunter, Cameron Mitchell, Patricia Owens, Barbara Rush, and Pat Hingle.

Set in a California subdivision, the story follows four neighbor couples facing problems such as alcoholism, racism and promiscuity. It received two BAFTA nominations for Best Film From Any Source and Best Foreign Actress (Joanne Woodward).
Bidaik
Bidaik (Kazakh: Бидайық, romanized: Bıdaıyq) is a land border crossing point between Kazakhstan and Russia on the Kazakhstan side. It is located near the village of Bidaik, Ualikhanov District, North Kazakhstan Region. The checkpoint/crossing is situated on autoroute ( A 13). Code checkpoint — 35091400

The Russian side is in Odesskoye in Odessky District in Omsk Oblast. There is a border crossing station on the Russian side also, and both have to be passed to enter the opposite country.

Kazakhstan–Russia border
The Kazakhstan–Russia border is the 7,644-kilometre (4,750 mi) international border between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. It is the longest continuous international border in the world and the second longest by total length, after the Canada–United States border. It is in the same location as the former administrative-territorial border between the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
Phosphodiesterase
A phosphodiesterase (PDE) is an enzyme that breaks a phosphodiester bond.  Usually, phosphodiesterase refers to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, which have great clinical significance and are described below.  However, there are many other families of phosphodiesterases, including phospholipases C and D, autotaxin, sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, DNases, RNases, and restriction endonucleases (which all break the phosphodiester backbone of DNA or RNA), as well as numerous less-well-characterized small-molecule phosphodiesterases.

The cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases comprise a group of enzymes that degrade the phosphodiester bond in the second messenger molecules cAMP and cGMP. They regulate the localization, duration, and amplitude of cyclic nucleotide signaling within subcellular domains. PDEs are therefore important regulators of signal transduction mediated by these second messenger molecules.

Phosphodiester bond
In chemistry, a phosphodiester bond occurs when exactly two of the hydroxyl groups (−OH) in phosphoric acid react with hydroxyl groups on other molecules to form two ester bonds. The "bond" involves this linkage C−O−PO−2O−C.  Discussion of phosphodiesters is dominated by their prevalence in DNA and RNA, but phosphodiesters occur in other biomolecules, e.g. acyl carrier proteins, phospholipids and the cyclic forms of GMP and AMP (cGMP and cAMP).
Tuanku Tambusai
Sheikh Haji Muhammad Saleh bin Imam Maulana Kadhi (Dalu-dalu, Kingdom of Tambusai, 5 November 1784 – Sungai Ujong, 12 November 1882), better known as Tuanku Tambusai, was an Islamic leader in the Padri movement. He fought the Adat and Dutch colonists during the Padri Wars in 1838, along with his contemporaries, Tuanku Imam Bonjol and Tuanku Rao.

Seremban
Seremban (Negeri Sembilan Malay: Somban) is a city in the Seremban District and the capital of the state of Negeri Sembilan in Peninsular Malaysia. The city's administration is run by the Seremban City Council.

Seremban gained its city status on 20 January 2020. Covering an area of 959 km², Seremban's population is 681,541 as of 2020, making it the tenth largest city in Malaysia and the fifth most populous state capital behind Johor Bahru, Shah Alam, George Town and Ipoh. It is part of the Greater Kuala Lumpur area, situated approximately 55 kilometres south of Kuala Lumpur and 37 kilometres south of the federal administrative capital of Putrajaya. Since 2015, Seremban has been the major anchor city of the Malaysia Vision Valley, Negeri Sembilan's main special economic zone spanning the state's western half.
Wilbanks Site
The Wilbanks Site (9CK5) is a Late Mississippian culture Native American archaeological site in Cherokee County, Georgia, United States. The site was located about midway between the towns of Cartersville, Georgia to the west, and Canton, Georgia to the east. It was on the south bank of the Etowah River, but is now submerged underneath Lake Allatoona, under roughly 80–90 feet of water.

Etowah Indian Mounds
Etowah Indian Mounds (9BR1) are a 54-acre (220,000 m2) archaeological site in Bartow County, Georgia, south of Cartersville.  Built and occupied in three phases, from 1000–1550 CE, the prehistoric site is located on the north shore of the Etowah River.

Etowah Indian Mounds Historic Site is a designated National Historic Landmark, managed by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources. It is considered "the most intact Mississippian culture site in the Southeast", according to Georgia State Parks and Historic Sites. Both the historic Muscogee Creek and the Cherokee peoples, who each occupied this area at varying times, hold the site to be sacred.
Funeral for Justice
Funeral for Justice is the 2024 studio album by Nigerien desert blues band Mdou Moctar, released on Matador Records. It has received positive reviews from critics and was supported by a concert tour. The album explores cultural and political themes, including the impact of foreign interference in Nigerien affairs and the replacement of indigenous languages with colonial ones. It was recorded in "a largely empty home in upstate New York, during sessions that would begin late at night and run all through the next day."

Mdou Moctar
Mahamadou Souleymane (born 1984), known professionally as Mdou Moctar (also M.dou Mouktar), is a Nigerien guitarist, singer and songwriter who performs modern rock music inspired by Tuareg guitar music. His music first gained attention through a trading network of mobile phones and memory cards in West Africa. He sings in the Tamasheq language. Moctar's fourth album, Ilana: The Creator, released in 2019, was the first to feature a full band. He plays guitar in the takamba and assouf styles. He also appeared in the 2015 film Akounak Tedalat Taha Tazoughai (Rain the Color of Blue with a Little Red in It).
Ski Mask the Slump God
Stokeley Clevon Goulbourne (born April 18, 1996), known professionally as Ski Mask the Slump God, is an American rapper. He is best known for his association with XXXTentacion, with whom he formed the hip hop collective Members Only in 2014. He is notable for his nostalgic-themed musical production and public image, often clad with multi-colored durags. He signed with Victor Victor Worldwide, an imprint of Republic Records to release his debut commercial mixtape You Will Regret (2017), which entered the Billboard 200 and spawned the platinum-certified singles "BabyWipe", "Take a Step Back" (featuring XXXTentacion), and "Catch Me Outside".

Goulbourne's third mixtape, Beware the Book of Eli (2018), peaked at number 50 on the Billboard 200. His debut studio album, Stokeley (2018), reached his furthest commercial success and peaked at number six on the chart, also spawning the Billboard Hot 100-charting songs "Faucet Failure", "Nuketown" (featuring Juice Wrld), and "Foot Fungus".

Steven Victor
Steven William Victor (born September 6, 1980) is an American record executive, talent manager, music publisher, and A&R representative.

He founded the record label Victor Victor Worldwide in 2016. The year prior, he was named chief creative officer (CCO) of Kanye West's GOOD Music record label, and also in 2016, he was named senior vice president of A&R at Universal Music Group—through which he reports directly to chairman Sir Lucian Grainge. The following year, he was named Head of A&R at Def Jam Recordings, although he departed in 2019 to return to Universal.
Rasha Sharbaji
Rasha Sharbaji, also Shurbaji,  Chorbaji, (Arabic: رشا شربجي) is a Syrian mother who was arrested together with her children when she went to get a passport, as a means of putting pressure on her husband. Sharbaji's husband died in 2014 while attempting to migrate to Europe.

In 2016, Samantha Power, the U.S. Ambassador to the U.N., named Sharbaji one of twenty women political prisoners in the Free the 20 campaign.

FreeThe20 campaign
FreeThe20 was a 2015 campaign to call attention to women who were political prisoners around the world. The campaign named twenty women who were imprisoned unjustly.
Samantha Power, then U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, started the campaign for the twentieth anniversary of the Beijing Declaration.

The reason for the campaign was to tell governments to stop putting women in prison, and to tell the women and their families that they were not alone. There were twenty names of women in twenty days, one for every year since the Beijing Declaration.

In September 2015, a bipartisan "#FreeThe20" bill was introduced to the U.S Senate.  All twenty women senators of the two political parties supported the bill.  They said,

As 20 women serving in the United States Senate we stand unified in calling on governments to recognize the universal human rights of women and to release women who have been imprisoned unjustly for exercising those rights.
Troy Downing
Troy Bryan Downing (born March 4, 1967) is an American politician and businessman serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Montana's 2nd congressional district since 2025. A member of the Republican Party, he previously held the office of Montana state auditor from 2021 to 2025.

Downing ran for the United States Senate in 2018, but placed third in the Republican primary, behind then-state auditor Matt Rosendale and Yellowstone County District Judge Russell Fagg. In 2020, Downing ran for State Auditor of Montana to succeed Rosendale, who was running for the House of Representatives. He won the Republican nomination, defeating 2 other candidates, and defeated Democrat Shane Morigeau in the general election. In 2024, instead of running for a second term, Downing instead ran for the House of Representatives, also to succeed Rosendale, who retired after 2 terms. He won the Republican nomination and defeated former state house speaker John Driscoll.

2020 Montana State Auditor election
The 2020 Montana State Auditor election took place on November 3, 2020, to elect the next state auditor of Montana. Incumbent Republican auditor Matt Rosendale did not seek re-election, instead opting to run for U.S. House. Republican businessman Troy Downing defeated Democratic state Representative Shane Morigeau to succeed Rosendale. Primary elections took place on June 2.
Chris Hakel
Chris Hakel (born August 9, 1969) is an American former professional football quarterback and current coach.

Hakel is the former head coach at Mechanicsburg High School, where his coaching record was 35–70 in 10 seasons. He resigned at the end of the 2016 season after leading the Mechanicsburg Wildcats to two consecutive 0–10 seasons. Hakel is now a member of the coaching staff at Red Land High School in nearby Lewisberry, Pennsylvania.

Mechanicsburg Area Senior High School
Mechanicsburg Area Senior High School is a secondary school located on 500 South Broad Street in the borough of Mechanicsburg, west of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The school is part of the Mechanicsburg Area School District.
Tandy Electronics
Tandy Electronics was an electronics retailer in Australia originally operated by the American Tandy Corporation, later International Tandy (InterTAN), acquired in 2001 by Woolworths Group. The brand ceased to exist after it was phased out by Woolworths Limited in 2011.

Dick Smith (retailer)
Dick Smith Electronics Holdings Limited was an Australian chain of retail stores that sold consumer electronics goods, hobbyist electronic components, and electronic project kits. The chain expanded successfully into New Zealand and unsuccessfully into several other countries. The company was founded in Sydney in 1968 by Dick Smith and owned by him and his wife until they sold 60% to Woolworths in 1980, and the remaining 40% two years later.

In 2012, Dick Smith had 263 stores around Australia. It also had 62 stores around New Zealand, including 20 in Auckland.

The company closed all of its stores in 2016, four years after its acquisition by Anchorage Capital Partners, though the Dick Smith brand name continues as an online brand operated by Kogan.com.
Euroleague Basketball
Euroleague Basketball, run by Euroleague Commercial Assets (ECA), is a private company that runs and operates men's professional basketball club competitions in Europe, the first-tier EuroLeague, and the second-tier EuroCup. It has been organizing the EuroLeague competition since the 2000–01 season backed by ULEB. Euroleague also oversees the 
European national basketball league rankings since 2008, and the Euroleague Basketball Next Generation Tournament. It is headquartered in Barcelona.

ULEB
Union of European Leagues of Basketball (ULEB; French: Union des Ligues Européennes de Basket-Ball) is a sports organization within basketball created for growth of professional basketball in Europe. Its current members are the professional basketball leagues organisations of 11 countries: Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Poland, Russia, and Spain.
Ammi Ruhamah Cutter (minister)
Ammi Ruhamah Cutter (before May 6, 1705 – March 1746) was an American Congregational minister who served as the first pastor of the "Old Ledge" meetinghouse in what was then North Yarmouth, Province of Massachusetts Bay (now Yarmouth, Maine).

Meetinghouse under the Ledge
The Meetinghouse under the Ledge, also known as the Old Ledge Meetinghouse, was a church that stood in present-day Yarmouth, Maine, between 1729 and 1836. It was the ninth church founded in Maine.

Named for the ledge that rises to the west of its former location, only the church's eastern doorstep remains, beside today's Garrison Lane.
Vilna Governorate-General
Vilna Governorate-General (Russian: Виленское генерал-губернаторство, Lithuanian: Vilniaus generalgubernatorija), known as Lithuania Governorate-General (Russian: Литовское генерал-губернаторство, Lithuanian: Lietuvos generalgubernatorija) before 1830, was a Governorate-General of the Russian Empire from 1794 to 1912. It primarily encompassed the Vilna, Grodno, and Kovno Governorates. Governors General were also commanders of the Vilna Military District. According to the Russian Empire Census, the Governorate-General had 4,754,000 residents in 1897.

Kovno Governorate
Kovno Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Kovno (Kaunas). It was formed on 18 December 1842 by Tsar Nicholas I from the western part of Vilna Governorate, and the order was carried out on 1 July 1843. It was part of the Vilna Governorate-General and Northwestern Krai. The governorate included almost the entire Lithuanian region of Samogitia and the northern part of Aukštaitija.
Tim Rattay
Timothy F. Rattay (/rəˈteɪ/; born March 15, 1977) is an American football coach and former player who is the quarterbacks coach for the LSU Tigers. Prior to becoming a coach, Rattay played as a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) and United Football League (UFL). He played college football for the Louisiana Tech Bulldogs, and was selected by the San Francisco 49ers in the seventh round of the 2000 NFL draft.

Rattay was also a member of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Tennessee Titans, Arizona Cardinals, and Las Vegas Locomotives.

Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football
The Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team represents Louisiana Tech University in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. After 12 seasons in the Western Athletic Conference, Louisiana Tech began competing as a member of Conference USA in 2013.

Since its first season in 1901, Louisiana Tech has compiled an all-time record of 653 wins, 508 losses, and 37 ties. In 121 football seasons, the Bulldogs have won 3 Division II national championships, won 25 conference championships, and played in 30 postseason games, including 15 major college bowl games. Since 1968, the Bulldogs have played their home games at Joe Aillet Stadium in Ruston, Louisiana. The program's current head coach is Sonny Cumbie.

The Bulldogs will join the Sun Belt Conference as a full member no later than July 1, 2027.
Nakh peoples
The Nakh peoples are a group of North Caucasian peoples identified by their use of the Nakh languages and other cultural similarities. These are chiefly the ethnic Chechen, Ingush and Bats peoples of the North Caucasus, including closely related minor or historical groups.

Nakh languages
The Nakh languages are a group of languages within the Northeast Caucasian family, spoken chiefly by the Chechens and Ingush in the North Caucasus.

Bats is the endangered language of the Bats people, an ethnic minority in Georgia.
The Chechen, Ingush and Bats peoples are also grouped under the ethno-linguistic umbrella of Nakh peoples.
Fred Whibley
Fredrick George Whibley (1855–1919) abandoned a career as clerk in a London bank to escape from the constraints and social expectations of respectability in the Victorian era. He ended up as a copra trader on Niutao in the Ellice Islands in the central Pacific Ocean.

Whibley was born in 1855 in Sittingbourne, Kent, England, the youngest son of Ambrose Whibley, silk mercer, and his first wife, Anne Parkes. He was educated at Bristol Grammar School.

After the death of Anne in 1855 Ambrose Whibley married Mary Jean Davy,  the daughter of John Davy, an iron merchant of Bristol.  Fred Whibley was the half-brother of Charles Whibley, journalist and writer and Leonard Whibley, classical scholar and Fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge from 1899-1910.  Fred’s sister, Eliza Eleanor (Lillie) Whibley, married John T. Arundel, owner of John T Arundel and Company which operated in the Pacific.

John T. Arundel
John T. Arundel (1 September 1841 – 30 November 1919) was an English entrepreneur who was instrumental in the development of the mining of phosphate rock on the Pacific islands of Nauru and Banaba (Ocean Island). Williams & Macdonald (1985) described him as "a remarkable example of that mid-Victorian phenomenon, the upright, pious and adventurous Christian English businessman."
White-browed scrubwren
The white-browed scrubwren (Sericornis frontalis) is a passerine bird found on the New England Tablelands and coastal areas of Australia. Placed in the family Pardalotidae in the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, this has met with opposition and indeed is now known to be wrong; they rather belong to the independent family Acanthizidae.

It is insectivorous and inhabits undergrowth, from which it rarely ventures, though can be found close to urban areas. It is 11–14 cm (4.3–5.5 in) long and predominantly brown in colour with prominent white brows and pale eyes, though the three individual subspecies vary widely. Found in small groups, it is sedentary and engages in cooperative breeding. The larger Tasmanian scrubwren was formerly considered a subspecies of this species.

Tasmanian scrubwren
The Tasmanian scrubwren or brown scrubwren (Sericornis humilis) is a bird species endemic to the temperate forests of Tasmania and nearby King Island. It lives in the understory of rainforest, woodland, dry forest, swamps and coastal scrublands.