hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nazareth Hall Preparatory Seminary
Nazareth Hall Preparatory Seminary, known familiarly as Naz Hall, was a high school seminary in Arden Hills, Minnesota, United States, serving the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis. Founded in 1923 by Archbishop Austin Dowling, for most of its time Nazareth Hall educated students through four years of high school and the first two years of college. Over 600 alumni were eventually ordained to the priesthood. Due to declining enrollment and changing attitudes towards high school seminaries after the Second Vatican Council, it closed in 1970 with its collegiate functions being replaced by Saint John Vianney Seminary. The campus was sold and is now the site of the University of Northwestern.

Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis
The Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis (Latin: Archidiœcesis Paulopolitana et Minneapolitana) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in the state of Minnesota in the United States. The archbishop has both a cathedral and co-cathedral:

The mother church is the Cathedral of Saint Paul in Saint Paul

The co-cathedral is the Basilica of Saint Mary in Minneapolis
Consolidated National Bank
Consolidated National Bank of New York was a bank operating in New York City. Also referred to in the press as Consolidated National Bank, the institution was organized on July 1, 1902, with capital of $1 million. Wrote The New York Times, the bank was "founded with the idea of cornering the business of the Consolidated Exchange and its brokers." The bank opened for business at 57 Broadway on September 22, 1902, and a year later the bank took out a five-year lease at the Exchange Court Building. In 1906, the Consolidated Stock Exchange withdrew its deposits with the Consolidated National Bank. In 1909, the bank voted to acquire the assets of Oriental Bank and merge them with Consolidated, creating the National Reserve Bank. The Consolidated name was operative for a short time afterwards.

National Reserve Bank
The National Reserve Bank of the City of New York was a New York City bank in that was formed from a merger of Consolidated National Bank and Oriental Bank in 1909 and operated until acquired by the Mutual Alliance Trust Company in 1914.

Deposits of the National Bank Reserve Bank were about $4,352,561 on January 13, 1914 and the bank had "a large number of country bank accounts, chiefly in the West and Southwest," handling a large degree of cotton exchange business.

On January 27, 1914, the National Reserve Bank was taken over by the Mutual Alliance Trust Company, operating for a time as the Reserve Branch of the trust company.
Singrauli–Hazrat Nizamuddin Superfast Express
The 22167 / 22168 Singrauli–Hazrat Nizamuddin Urjadhani Express is a superfast train belonging to West Central Railway zone that runs between Singrauli and Hazrat Nizamuddin in India. It is currently operated with 22167/22168 train numbers on a Biweekly basis.

Singrauli railway station
Singrauli railway station is an important railway station in Singrauli district, Madhya Pradesh. Its code is SGRL. It serves Singrauli city. The station consists of 3 platforms. The platform is not well sheltered. Singrauli Station serves as a major transport point for the nearby areas. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation. The station has been recently extended to 3 platform with coalyard being shifted few hundred meters away from station. Station has been primarily used by Indian Railways for transportation of coal being excavated from nearby mines. The station falls under the Dhanbad Division of East Central Railway zone and is the only station in Madhya Pradesh under Dhanbad Division.
Nitra
Nitra (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈɲitra] ⓘ; also known by other alternative names) is a city in southwestern Slovakia, situated at the foot of the Zobor Mountain in the Nitra River Valley about 90 km (56 mi) northeast of the country's capital, Bratislava. With a population of about 78,353, it is the fifth-largest city in Slovakia. Nitra stands on varied terrain, which features both rolling hills and vast plains, particularly to the south. Nitra is one of the oldest cities in Slovakia. It was the center of the Principality of Nitra, a duchy of great historic significance. Today, the city serves as the administrative center of Nitra Region (kraj) and Nitra District (okres). Nitra is the agricultural capital of Slovakia due to its long tradition of farming, favorable climate, and geography.

Principality of Nitra
The Principality of Nitra (Slovak: Nitrianske kniežatstvo, Nitriansko, Nitrava, lit. 'Duchy of Nitra, Nitravia, Nitrava'; Hungarian: Nyitrai Fejedelemség), also known as the Duchy of Nitra, was a West Slavic polity encompassing a group of settlements that developed in the 9th century around Nitra, in present-day Slovakia. Its history remains uncertain because of a lack of contemporary sources. The territory's status is subject to scholarly debate: some modern historians describe it as an independent polity that was annexed either around 833 or 870 by the Principality of Moravia, while others say that it was under the influence of the neighbouring West Slavs from Moravia from its inception.
Kepler-442b
Kepler-442b (also known by its Kepler object of interest designation KOI-4742.01) is a confirmed near-Earth-sized exoplanet, likely rocky, orbiting within the habitable zone of the K-type main-sequence star Kepler-442, about 1,196 light-years (367 pc) from Earth in the constellation of Lyra.

The planet orbits its host star at a distance of about 0.409 AU (61.2 million km; 38.0 million mi) with an orbital period of roughly 112.3 days. It has a mass of around 2.3 and has a radius of about 1.34 times that of Earth. It is one of the more promising candidates for potential habitability, as its parent star is at least 40% less massive than the Sun – thus, it can have a lifespan of about 30 billion years.

The planet was discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft using the transit method, in which it measures the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star. NASA announced the confirmation of the exoplanet on 6 January 2015.

Kepler-442
Kepler-442 is a K-type main-sequence star approximately 1,196 light years from Earth in the constellation Lyra. It is located within the field of vision of the Kepler spacecraft, the satellite that NASA's Kepler Mission used to detect planets that may be transiting their stars. On January 6, 2015, along with the stars of Kepler-438 and Kepler-440, it was announced that the star has an extrasolar planet (a super-Earth) orbiting within the habitable zone, named Kepler-442b.
An Là
An Là (The Day) is a Scottish Gaelic-language news programme broadcast on BBC Alba and produced by BBC Naidheachdan (BBC News) and BBC Scotland.

The programme, based at BBC Alba's newsroom in Inverness, began at 8pm on 22 September 2008 and provides a 30-minute bulletin of Scottish, British and international news for Gaelic speakers seven days a week. The Sunday night review programme, composed of highlights from the week's bulletins as well as material from Eòrpa, called Seachd Là, began at 6.30pm on 28 September 2008.

Seachd Là
Seachd Là (Seven Days) is a weekly Scottish Gaelic-language news programme produced by BBC Alba, featuring a round up of the week's news. Its stories are from BBC Alba's news programmes An Là and Eòrpa. It is shown on Sundays from the BBC Alba studio in Inverness.
Mark 27 torpedo
The Mark 27 torpedo was the first of the United States Navy 19-inch (48-cm) submarine-launched torpedoes.  This electrically-propelled torpedo was 125 inches (3.175 m) long and weighed 1174 pounds (534 kg). The torpedo employed a passive acoustic guidance system and was intended for both submarine and surface targets.  Nicknamed "Cutie"  by submarine crews, the Mark 27 entered service in 1943 as a defensive weapon. The torpedo was classified as obsolete in the 1960s.

The Mark 27 was essentially a Mark 24 mine which had been modified for submarine launching in a 21-inch (53 cm) submerged torpedo tube by the addition of 1" (25 mm) wooden guide studs mounted on the torpedo's outer shell.

Mark 24 mine
The Mark 24 mine (also known as FIDO or Fido) is an air-dropped anti-submarine (ASW) acoustic torpedo developed by the United States during World War II; it was called a mine to conceal its capabilities. The torpedo entered service with the Allies in March 1943 and was used by the United States Navy (USN) until 1948. Approximately 4,000 were produced. Of the 340 deployed during the war, 204 were fired, sinking 37 and damaging 18 Axis submarines.
Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona
The Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona (also known by its acronym, CCCB) is an arts centre in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Situated in the Raval district, the centre's core theme is the city and urban culture. The CCCB organizes exhibitions, debates, festivals and concerts, film cycles, courses, lectures, and other activities.

El Raval
El Raval (Catalan pronunciation: [əl rəˈβal]) is a neighborhood in the Ciutat Vella district of Barcelona, the capital city of Catalonia. The neighborhood, especially the part closest to the old port, was formerly (informally) known as Barri Xinès or Barrio Chino, meaning "Chinatown". El Raval is one of the two historical neighborhoods that border La Rambla, the other being the Barri Gòtic; it contains some 50,000 people.

An area historically infamous for its nightlife and cabarets, as well as prostitution and crime, El Raval has changed significantly in recent years and due to its central location has become a minor attraction of Barcelona. It currently has a very diverse immigrant community (47.4% of its population was born abroad, ranging from Filipinos, South Americans, and Pakistanis, to a more recent Eastern European community, especially from Romania). It is home to many bars, restaurants, and night spots.
Net income
In business and accounting, net income is an entity's income minus cost of goods sold, expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest, and taxes, and other expenses for an accounting period.

It is computed as the residual of all revenues and gains less all expenses and losses for the period, and has also been defined as the net increase in shareholders' equity that results from a company's operations. It is different from gross income, which only deducts the cost of goods sold from revenue.

For households and individuals, net income is the (gross) income minus taxes and other deductions (e.g. mandatory pension contributions).

Gross income
For households and individuals, gross income is the sum of all wages, salaries, profits, interest payments, rents, and other forms of earnings, before any deductions or taxes. It is opposed to net income, defined as the gross income minus taxes and other deductions (e.g., mandatory pension contributions).

For a business, gross income (also gross profit, sales profit, or credit sales) is the difference between revenue and the cost of making a product or providing a service, before deducting overheads, payroll, taxation, and interest payments. This is different from operating profit (earnings before interest and taxes). Gross margin is often used interchangeably with gross profit, but the terms are different. When speaking about a monetary amount, it is technically correct to use the term "gross profit", but when referring to a percentage or ratio, it is correct to use "gross margin".
Grawlix
Grawlix (/ˈɡrɔːlɪks/) or obscenicon is the use of typographical symbols to replace profanity, typically using "unpronounceable" characters. Mainly used in cartoons and comics, it has been described as the graphical equivalent of a bleep censor. The first known grawlix appeared in November 1, 1901 story of Gene Carr's comic strip Lady Bountiful.

Bleep censor
A bleep censor is the replacement of profanity and classified information with a beep sound (usually a beepⓘ), which is typically a 1 kilohertz sine wave, used in public television, radio, and on social media.
Naomi Ros
Naomi Ros (born 31 August 2005) is an American racquetball player. Ros is the current World Games champion in Mixed Doubles, winning gold at the 2025 World Games in Chengdu, China with Jake Bredenbeck. She is also the current USA Racquetball Women’s Champion.

Jake Bredenbeck
Jake Bredenbeck (born September 27, 1991) is an American racquetball player. Bredenbeck is the current World Games champion in Mixed Doubles, winning the title with Naomi Ros in Chengdu, China. He was part of Team USA that won gold at the 2024 Racquetball World Championships in San Antonio, Texas. Bredenbeck is a four time USA Racquetball (USAR) National Champion: three times in Men's Singles and once in Men's Doubles. He's also won on the International Racquetball Tour.
Anders Parker
Anders Keith Parker is an American singer-songwriter, guitar player, singer and multi-instrumentalist with a career spanning two decades.    He has performed and recorded as a solo artist and as a key member in bands such as Varnaline and Space Needle.  Parker has been involved in various collaborations over the years including Gob Iron with Jay Farrar.

Jay Farrar
Jay Stuart Farrar (born December 26, 1966) is an American songwriter and musician based in St. Louis. A member of two critically acclaimed music groups, Uncle Tupelo and Son Volt, he began his solo music career in 2001. Beyond being a songwriter, Farrar plays guitar, piano, harmonica, and sings.
Riwat
33°30′N 73°12′E﻿ / ﻿33.5°N 73.2°E﻿ / 33.5; 73.2

Riwat (Rawat, Murree) is a Paleolithic site in Punjab, northern Pakistan. Another site, called Riwat Site 55, shows a later occupation dated to around 45,000 years ago.

Riwat Site 55
33°30′N 73°12′E﻿ / ﻿33.5°N 73.2°E﻿ / 33.5; 73.2
Riwat Site 55 is an Upper Palaeolithic archaeological site in the Soan Valley, near the village of Rawat in Punjab, Pakistan. It is approximately 45,000 years old and shows human occupation in Pakistan about 45–68,000 years ago.
Jamal Ben Saddik
Jamal Ben Saddik (born October 3, 1990) is a Belgian-Moroccan professional kickboxer. He is a former two-time Glory Heavyweight Championship challenger and 2018 Glory Heavyweight Grand Prix tournament winner.

Combat Press ranked him as a top ten heavyweight between September 2015 and July 2021, peaking at No. 3.

In Glory, Ben Saddik was involved in doping controversies and was removed from the official rankings by the promotion in 2023. In 2015 and 2022 he emerged victorious in the bouts against Anderson Silva and Benjamin Adegbuyi, but were both cut short by Ben Saddik testing positive for banned substances and receiving suspensions, with the fights reversed to a 'no contest'. In 2024 Glory suspended Ben Saddik for doping for a third time.

Benjamin Adegbuyi
Benjamin Adekunle Miron Adegbuyi (born January 24, 1985) is a Romanian kickboxer and professional boxer. He is a two-time Glory Heavyweight Championship challenger and three-time winner of heavyweight tournament. Adegbuyi is also Superkombat World Grand Prix III 2012 tournament winner and 2018 Glory Heavyweight Grand Prix tournament runner-up. A professional since 2011, he also fought in K-1.

As of December 13, 2022, he is #5 in the Combat Press heavyweight rankings. Combat Press has ranked him in the top 5 since November 2014. As of 1 January 2023, he is also ranked the #5 heavyweight in the world by Beyond Kick. As of 1 August 2025, Adegbuyi is ranked the #13 heavyweight kickboxer in the world by Boxemag.

Adegbuyi has beaten Jahfarr Wilnis and Mladen Brestovac three times, Hesdy Gerges and D'Angelo Marshall twice, and Badr Hari, Pavel Zhuravlev, Ismael Londt, Sergei Lashchenko, Anderson Silva and Jairzinho Rozenstruik once.
Armenian alphabet
The Armenian alphabet (Armenian: Հայոց գրեր, romanized: Hayocʼ grer or Հայոց այբուբեն, Hayocʼ aybuben) or, more broadly, the Armenian script, is an alphabetic writing system developed for Armenian and occasionally used to write other languages. It was developed around 405 AD by Mesrop Mashtots, an Armenian linguist and ecclesiastical leader. The script originally had 36 letters. Eventually, two more were adopted in the 13th century. In the reformed Armenian orthography (1920s), the ligature և, ev, is also treated as a letter, bringing the total number of letters to 39.

The Armenian word for 'alphabet' is այբուբեն, aybuben, named after the first two letters of the Armenian alphabet: ⟨Ա⟩ այբ, ayb, and ⟨Բ⟩ բեն, ben. Armenian is written horizontally, left to right.

Ben (letter)
Ben (majuscule: Բ, minuscule: բ; Armenian: բեն) is a letter of the Armenian alphabet, used in the Armenian language.

It was one of the original letters in the Armenian alphabet created by Mesrop Mashtots in 405 AD.

It is speculated to be derived from the Greek letter Beta with the rightmost curves cut off somewhat. Along with the letter Ayb, it forms the word "այբուբեն" (alphabet).
LGBTQ rights in New Zealand
New Zealand lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) rights are some of the most extensive in the world. The protection of LGBTQ rights is advanced, relative to other countries in Oceania, and among the most liberal in the world, with the country being the first in the region to legalise same-sex marriage.

Throughout the late 20th century, the rights of the LGBTQ community received more awareness and male same-sex sexual activity was decriminalised in 1986, with an age of consent of 16, equal to heterosexual intercourse. After recognising gender-neutral civil union since 2004, New Zealand legalised both same-sex marriage and adoption rights for same-sex couples in 2013. Discrimination regarding sexual orientation, and gender identity and expression has been banned since 1993. Gay, lesbian, and bisexual people have been allowed to serve openly in the military since 1993. Opinion polls have found that a majority of New Zealanders support same-sex marriage.

Same-sex marriage in New Zealand
Same-sex marriage has been legal in New Zealand since 19 August 2013. A bill for legalisation, the Marriage (Definition of Marriage) Amendment Act 2013, was passed by the House of Representatives on 17 April 2013 by 77 votes to 44 and received royal assent on 19 April. It entered into force on 19 August, to allow time for the Department of Internal Affairs to make the necessary changes for marriage licensing and related documentation. New Zealand was the first country in Oceania, the fourth in the Southern Hemisphere, and the fifteenth in the world to allow same-sex couples to marry. Civil unions have also been available to both same-sex and opposite-sex couples since 2005.

The New Zealand Parliament can enact marriage laws only in regard to New Zealand proper and the Ross Dependency in Antarctica. The three other territories making up the Realm of New Zealand—the Cook Islands, Niue, and Tokelau—do not recognise same-sex marriage or civil unions.
Michael R. Gordon
Michael R. Gordon has been a national security correspondent for The Wall Street Journal since October 2017. Previously, he was a military and diplomacy correspondent for The New York Times for 32 years. During the first phase of the Iraq War, he was the only newspaper reporter embedded with the allied land command under General Tommy Franks, a position that "granted him unique access to cover the invasion strategy and its enactment". He and General Bernard E. Trainor have written three books together, including the best-selling Cobra II. As journalists for The New York Times and citing anonymous U.S. officials, Gordon and Judith Miller were the first to report Saddam Hussein's alleged nuclear weapons program in September 2002 with the article "U.S. Says Hussein Intensifies Quest for A-Bomb Parts."

Bernard E. Trainor
Bernard E. Trainor (September 2, 1928 – June 2, 2018) was an American journalist and a United States Marine Corps lieutenant general. He served in the Marine Corps for 39 years in both staff and command capacities.  After retiring from the Marine Corps, he began working as the chief military correspondent for The New York Times. He was subsequently a military analyst for NBC. With Michael R. Gordon, he was the author of three accounts of American wars in Iraq, The Generals War (1995); Cobra II (2006); and Endgame (2012).
Enrico Intra
Enrico Intra (born 3 July 1935) is an Italian jazz pianist, composer, conductor.

During his long career, Intra has collaborated with such notable musicians as Gerry Mulligan, Franco Cerri, Lee Konitz, Milton Jackson, Severino Gazzelloni, Pino Presti, Tullio De Piscopo, David Liebman and others.

Pino Presti
Giuseppe Prestipino Giarritta (born 23 August 1943), professionally known by his pseudonym Pino Presti, is an Italian   conductor, arranger, bassist, composer and record producer from Milan. He is a 5th-dan black belt in Shotokan Karate.

Presti was very young when he first entered the music business. He started as a bass guitar player, and then gradually began as an arranger, composer, orchestra conductor, and producer. Among his collaborations in different genres of music like jazz, pop, funk, soul, and Latin music are Mina (the most famous Italian pop singer), Gerry Mulligan, Ástor Piazzolla (with whom he has performed on 24 recordings as a sideman, including the well-known composition Libertango), Quincy Jones, Wilson Pickett, Shirley Bassey, Franco Cerri, Maynard Ferguson, Stéphane Grappelli, Severino Gazzelloni, Aldemaro Romero, and Tullio De Piscopo among others.
José de Gálvez, 1st Marquess of Sonora
José de Gálvez y Gallardo, 1st Marquess of Sonora (2 January 1720, Macharaviaya, Spain – 17 June 1787, Aranjuez, Spain) was a Spanish lawyer and Visitador general (inspector general) in New Spain (1764–1772); later appointed to the Council of the Indies (1775–1787). He was one of the prime figures behind the Bourbon Reforms. He belonged to an important political family that included his brother Matías de Gálvez and nephew Bernardo de Gálvez.

Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo
Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo, KOS (1717 – November 3, 1784) was a Spanish general, the Captain General of Guatemala from April 1779 to 3 April 1783, and Viceroy of New Spain from 29 April 1783 to 3 November 1784.
Phi Omega Pi
Phi Omega Pi (ΦΩΠ) was a national collegiate sorority operating in the United States from 1922 until 1946, when its chapters were absorbed by several larger sororities, and merged with the national sorority, Delta Zeta.

Delta Zeta
Delta Zeta (ΔΖ, also known as DZ) is an international college sorority founded on October 24, 1902, at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. Delta Zeta has 163 collegiate chapters in the United States and Canada, and over 180 alumnae chapters in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. As of 2013, there are over 300,400 college and alumnae members, making it the third largest sorority in the nation (after Alpha Delta Pi and Chi Omega).

In 1954, the sorority adopted speech and hearing as its philanthropic cause, and is partnered with the Starkey Hearing Foundation and Gallaudet University. Throughout its history, it has absorbed several other smaller sororities and also opened its first Canadian chapter in 1992. Delta Zeta is one of 26 national sororities that are members under the umbrella organization of the National Panhellenic Conference; the sorority joined the Conference in 1910.