hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tim Gill
Tim Gill (born October 18, 1953) is an American computer software programmer, entrepreneur, philanthropist, and LGBTQ rights activist. He was among the first openly gay people to be on the Forbes 400 list of America's richest people.

He is the founder and co-chair of the Gill Foundation, a private Denver-based philanthropic organization supporting efforts to secure nationwide civil rights for LGBTQ Americans. As of 2019, he was the single largest individual donor to the LGBTQ rights movement in U.S. history, having personally committed more than $500 million since the early 1990s.

Gill is also the founder of the pioneering page layout software company Quark, Inc. Gill sold his fifty percent stake in the company in 1999 for a reported $500 million. Following the sale of his stake in Quark, Inc., Gill set aside sixty percent of his assets – more than $300 million – to fight for LGBTQ rights.

He is the co-founder and Chief Technology Officer of Josh.ai.

Gill Foundation
The Gill Foundation is an American philanthropic foundation based in Denver, Colorado. It is one of the funders of efforts to secure full equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBTQ) people in the United States. The foundation's mission is "to secure equal opportunities for all Americans, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity and expression."
Jeff Cheeger
Jeff Cheeger (born December 1, 1943) is an American mathematician and Silver Professor at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University.  His main interest is differential geometry and its connections with topology and analysis.

Courant Institute School of Mathematics, Computing, and Data Science
The Courant Institute School of Mathematics, Computing, and Data Science, previously known as the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences (CIMS), is a constituent school of New York University.

Founded in 1935 as the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, the school is named after Richard Courant, who was one of its founders and mathematics professors from 1936 to 1972. The Mathematics Department is housed in Warren Weaver Hall on Gould Plaza.

On November 13, 2025, New York University announced the creation of the Courant Institute School of Mathematics, Computing and Data Science. The new school includes the university's Department of Mathematics, the Center for Data Science, and an expanded Department of Computer Science now linked with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the Tandon School of Engineering.
For Girls Who Grow Plump in the Night
For Girls Who Grow Plump in the Night is the fifth studio album released by the Canterbury scene band Caravan. Richard Sinclair and Steve Miller left the band prior to the recording of this album. They were replaced by John G. Perry and the returning Dave Sinclair. Viola player Geoff Richardson was added to the band.

The name of the album is a pun on the phrase "things that go bump in the night". The full cover photo depicts a sleeping pregnant woman.

Dave Sinclair
David Sinclair (born 24 November 1947) is a British keyboardist (organ, piano, harpsichord, electric piano, Mellotron, Davolisint, etc.) associated with the psychedelic/progressive rock Canterbury Scene since the late 1960s. He became famous with the band Caravan and was responsible as a songwriter for creating some of their best-known tracks: "For Richard", "Nine Feet Underground", "The Dabsong Conshirtoe", "Proper Job/Back to Front".
Baja Marimba Band
The Baja Marimba Band was an American musical group led by marimba player Julius Wechter. Formed by producer Herb Alpert after his own Tijuana Brass, the Baja Marimba Band outlasted the Tijuana Brass by several years in part due to TV producer Chuck Barris, who included the group's music on his game shows in the 1970s.

Julius Wechter
Julius Wechter (May 10, 1935 – February 1, 1999) was an American musician and composer who played the marimba and vibraphone. He also played various percussion instruments. He composed the song "Spanish Flea" for Herb Alpert and was leader of the Baja Marimba Band.
Naro-1
Naro-1 (Korean: 나로호), previously designated the Korea Space Launch Vehicle or KSLV (also KSLV-1), was South Korea's first carrier rocket, and the first South Korean launch vehicle to achieve Earth orbit. On 30 January 2013, the third Naro-1 vehicle built successfully placed STSAT-2C into low Earth orbit.

The first stage was a modified Russian Angara  (Russian: Ангара) URM. The solid-fuel second stage was built by KARI, the national space agency of South Korea, and Korean Air.

Neither the maiden flight on 25 August 2009, nor the second flight on June 10, 2010, reached orbit. The third flight on 30 January 2013, successfully reached orbit.  The launches took place from the Naro Space Center. The official name of the first KSLV rocket, KSLV-I, is Naro, which is the name of the region in which Naro Space Center is located. Since Naro's retirement, the South Korean government has announced the rocket Nuri as its replacement and successor.

Naro Space Center
The Naro Space Center is a South Korean spaceport in South Jeolla's Goheung County, operated by the state-run Korea Aerospace Research Institute.

The spaceport is located about 485 km (300 mi) south of Seoul. It includes two launch pads, a control tower, rocket assembly and test facilities, facilities for satellite control testing and assembly, a media center, an electric power station, a space experience hall and a landing field. It has supported five launches including the KSLV-II launch in 2021, and will support SSLV launches in 2025.
John D. Ray
John David Ray (born 22 December 1945) is a British Egyptologist and academic. He is the former Sir Herbert Thompson Professor of Egyptology at the University of Cambridge. His principal field of interest covers the Late and Hellenistic periods of Egypt, with special reference to documents in the demotic script, and he is also known for deciphering the Carian script, a writing system used by Anatolian mercenaries who fought for the late-period Egyptians.

Sir Herbert Thompson Professor of Egyptology
The Sir Herbert Thompson Professor of Egyptology represents the chair of Egyptology at the University of Cambridge, England.

Stephen Glanville, 1946–1956

Jack Plumley, 1957–1977

John Ray, 2005–2013

Hratch Papazian, 2013–Present
Manfred Max-Neef's Fundamental human needs
A taxonomy of fundamental human needs and the ways in which these needs can be satisfied was developed by Manfred Max-Neef.  This was based on his work on Human Scale Development, first published in 1986.

Manfred Max-Neef
Artur Manfred Max Neef (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmaɱfɾeð maks]; 26 October 1932 – 8 August 2019) was a Chilean economist of German descent. Max-Neef was born in Valparaíso, Chile. He started his career as a professor of economics at the University of California, Berkeley in the early 1960s. He was known for his taxonomy of fundamental human needs and human scale development. In 1983, he was awarded the Right Livelihood Award for "revitalising small and medium-sized communities through 'Barefoot Economics'."
Monstrous moonshine
In mathematics, monstrous moonshine, or moonshine theory, is the unexpected connection between the monster group M and modular functions, in particular the j function.  The initial numerical observation was made by John McKay in 1978, and the phrase was coined by John Conway and Simon P. Norton in 1979.

The monstrous moonshine is now known to be underlain by a vertex operator algebra called the moonshine module (or monster vertex algebra) constructed by Igor Frenkel, James Lepowsky, and Arne Meurman in 1988, which has the monster group as its group of symmetries.  This vertex operator algebra is commonly interpreted as a structure underlying a two-dimensional conformal field theory, allowing physics to form a bridge between two mathematical areas.  The conjectures made by Conway and Norton were proven by Richard Borcherds for the moonshine module in 1992 using the no-ghost theorem from string theory and the theory of vertex operator algebras and generalized Kac–Moody algebras.

John Horton Conway
John Horton Conway FRS (26 December 1937 – 11 April 2020) was an English mathematician. He was active in the theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory and coding theory. He also made contributions to many branches of recreational mathematics, most notably the invention of the cellular automaton called the Game of Life.

Born and raised in Liverpool, Conway spent the first half of his career at the University of Cambridge before moving to the United States, where he held the John von Neumann Professorship at Princeton University for the rest of his career. On 11 April 2020, at age 82, he died of complications from COVID-19.
Steve Reed (politician)
Steven Mark Ward Reed  (born 12 November 1963) is a British politician who has served as Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government since September 2025, having previously served as Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs from 2024 to 2025. A member of the Labour and Co-operative Party, he has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Streatham and Croydon North, formerly Croydon North since 2012.

Reed served as Shadow Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs from September 2023 to July 2024, for Communities and Local Government from 2020 to 2021, and for Justice from 2021 to 2023. Prior to his election to Parliament, he was Leader of Lambeth London Borough Council from 2006 to 2012.

2012 Croydon North by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Croydon North was held on 29 November 2012, caused by the death of incumbent Labour Party member of Parliament (MP) Malcolm Wicks. It was won by Steve Reed who held the seat for Labour.

Two other by-elections in Middlesbrough and Rotherham were held on the same day.
Marcel Mauss
Marcel Israël Mauss (French: [mos]; 10 May 1872 – 10 February 1950) was a French sociologist and anthropologist known as the "father of French ethnology". The nephew of Émile Durkheim, Mauss, in his academic work, crossed the boundaries between sociology and anthropology. Today, he is perhaps better recognised for his influence on the latter discipline, particularly with respect to his analyses of topics such as magic, sacrifice and gift exchange in different cultures around the world. Mauss had a significant influence upon Claude Lévi-Strauss, the founder of structural anthropology. His most famous work is The Gift (1925).

The Gift (essay)
The Gift: Forms and Functions of Exchange in Archaic Societies (French: Essai sur le don: forme et raison de l'échange dans les sociétés archaïques) is a 1925 essay by the French sociologist Marcel Mauss that is the foundation of social theories of reciprocity and gift exchange.
Allen/Medical Campus station
Allen/Medical Campus station (formerly Allen–Hospital station until September 1, 2003) is a Buffalo Metro Rail station located at the corner of Main and Allen Streets at the northern end of Buffalo, New York's downtown and is the last underground station to the south requiring payment before entering the Free Fare Zone. The station was temporarily closed in 2015 to incorporate a new building at the University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences into the station's aboveground entrances (the building has since been completed).

Buffalo Metro Rail
Metro Rail is the public transit rail system in Buffalo, New York, operated by the Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority (NFTA). The system consists of a single, 6.4-mile-long (10.3 km) light rail line that runs for most of the length of Main Street (New York State Route 5) from the new DL&W Station in Canalside, to the south campus of the University at Buffalo in the northeast corner of the city. The first section of the line opened in October 1984 as the state's only rail transit system outside of New York City after Rochester's was abandoned in June 1956. The system as originally planned was completed in November 1986 and expanded for the first time in December 2025. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 2,228,400, or about 8,900 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Buluqhan Khatun
Buluqhan Khatun (Chinese: 卜魯罕; Mongolian:ᠪᠦᠯᠭᠠᠨ , lit. 'Sable'), also Bulughan, Bulukhan, Bolgana, Bulugan, Zibeline or Bolghara for Marco Polo, was a 13th-century Mongol princess, and the principal wife of the Mongol Ilkhanid ruler Abaqa (1234–1282).

Abaqa Khan
Abaqa Khan (27 February 1234 – 4 April 1282, Mongolian: Абаха/Абага хан (Khalkha Cyrillic), ᠠᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠᠬᠠᠨ (Traditional script), "paternal uncle", also transliterated Abaġa), was the second Mongol ruler (Ilkhan) of the Ilkhanate. The son of Hulagu Khan and Lady Yesünčin and the grandson of Tolui, he reigned from 1265 to 1282 and was succeeded by his brother Ahmed Tekuder. Much of Abaqa's reign was consumed with civil wars in the Mongol Empire, such as those between the Ilkhanate and the northern khanate of the Golden Horde, and the Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia. Abaqa also engaged in unsuccessful attempts at invading Syria under the Mamluk Sultanate, which included the Second Battle of Homs.
Aasutosh Panigrahi
Aasutosh Panigrahi is an artist and a Guinness World Record holder. He presently holds the record for World's Largest Indoor Mural. The award was acknowledged by Guinness World Records in August 2005.

The largest indoor mural measures 904 m2 (9,731 ft²) & was painted by six artists from 27 February to 5 March 2005 at Shyam Vatika, Gwalior, India. The painting was coordinated by Panigrahi and the owners of Shyam Vatika: R P Maheshwary and Ankur Maheshwary, with the sole purpose of setting a World Record. The art features on all interior walls and ceilings of the privately owned Auditorium Shyam Vatika.

Shyam Vatika
The World's largest indoor mural measures 904 square metres (9,730 sq ft) and was painted by six artists from 27 February 2005 to 5 March 2005 at Shyam Vatika, Gwalior, India. The art features on all interior walls and ceilings of a privately owned Auditorium named Shyam Vatika. The painting was coordinated by artist, Aasutosh Panigrahi and the owners of Shyam Vatika: R P Maheshwary and Ankur Maheshwary. This project was undertaken with the sole purpose of setting a World Record. The art project was appraised by Guinness World Records, in August 2005, as the World's Largest Indoor Mural. 
The record was previously held by the Youth Club, Bernie, Tasmania, Australia: 727.52 square metres (7,831.0 sq ft) and was made on 30 June 2004.
Solanoideae
Solanoideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Solanaceae, and is sister to the subfamily Nicotianoideae. Within Solanaceae, Solanoideae contains some of the most economically important genera and species, such as the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), potato (Solanum tuberosum), eggplant or aubergine (Solanum melongena), chili and bell peppers (Capsicum), mandrakes (Mandragora), and jimson weeds (Datura).

This subfamily consists of several well-established tribes: Capsiceae, Datureae, Hyoscyameae, Juanulloeae, Lycieae, Nicandreae, Nolaneae, Physaleae, Solandreae, and Solaneae. The subfamily also contains the contended tribes Mandragoreae and Jaboroseae.

Capsiceae
Capsiceae is a taxonomic tribe of bell peppers and related plants belonging to the Solanoideae subfamily within the family Solanaceae. The tribe was described by Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier in 1827.
Aromatase excess syndrome
Aromatase excess syndrome (AES or AEXS) is a rarely diagnosed genetic and endocrine syndrome which is characterized by an overexpression of aromatase, the enzyme responsible for the biosynthesis of the estrogen sex hormones from the androgens, in turn resulting in excessive levels of circulating estrogens and, accordingly, symptoms of hyperestrogenism. It affects both sexes, manifesting itself in males as marked or complete phenotypical feminization (with the exception of the genitalia; i.e., no ambiguous genitalia) and in females as hyperfeminization.

To date, 30 males and 8 females with AEXS among 15 and 7 families, respectively, have been described in the medical literature.

Aromatase deficiency
Aromatase deficiency is a rare condition characterized by extremely low levels or complete absence of the enzyme aromatase activity in the body. It is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from various mutations of the gene CYP19 (P450arom) which can lead to ambiguous genitalia and delayed puberty in females, continued linear growth into adulthood and osteoporosis in males, and virilization in mothers carrying fetuses with the disorder. As of 2020, fewer than 15 cases have been identified in genetically male individuals and at least 30 cases in genetically female individuals.
El Puerto de Santa María
El Puerto de Santa María (Spanish pronunciation: [el ˈpweɾto ðe ˈsanta maˈɾi.a]), locally known as El Puerto and historically in English as Port Saint Mary, is a municipality of Spain located on the banks of the Guadalete River in the province of Cádiz, Andalusia. As of 2016, the city has a population of c. 88,184, of which some 50,000 live in the urban center, and the remainder in the surrounding areas.

The town of El Puerto de Santa María is located 10 km (6 mi) northeast of Cádiz, across the bay of Cádiz.

Guadalete
The Guadalete (Spanish: [ɡwaðaˈlete] ⓘ; Arabic: وادي لكة) is a river located almost entirely in the Spanish Province of Cádiz, rising in the Sierra de Grazalema Natural Park at an elevation of about 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), and running for 172 kilometres (107 mi) into the Bay of Cádiz at El Puerto de Santa Maria, north of the city of Cádiz. The river's name comes from the Arabic phrase وادي لكة (Wadi lakath) meaning "River of Forgetfulness".
Rodeo Drive Stakes
The Rodeo Drive Stakes is a Grade I race for thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three-years-old and upwards. It is run at Santa Anita Park with a current purse of $300,000 and is contested over a distance of 1+1⁄4 miles (2,000 meters).

Originally named the Yellow Ribbon Stakes, it was normally raced during the Oak Tree Racing Association meeting at Santa Anita Park in late September / early October. It was and is a major prep race for the Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf raced over a distance of 1+1⁄4 miles (2,000 meters) on the turf.

Part of the Breeders' Cup Challenge series, the winner of the Rodeo Drive automatically qualifies for the Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf.

Inaugurated in 1977, it was an Invitational through 1995. The original name for the race was the idea of Oak Tree Founding Director Louis R. Rowan and is taken from the wartime song: "Tie a Yellow Ribbon 'Round the Old Oak Tree."

Santa Anita Park
Santa Anita Park is a Thoroughbred racetrack in Arcadia, California, United States. It offers some of the prominent horse racing events in the United States during early fall, winter and in spring. The track is home to numerous prestigious races, including both the Santa Anita Derby and the Santa Anita Handicap. It has also hosted the year-end Breeders' Cup races eleven times, more than any other racetrack. In 1984, Santa Anita was the site of equestrian events at the 1984 Olympics and will host once again in 2028. Since 2011, the Stronach Group are the current owners.
The Cocoon
The Cocoon is the debut solo album by British guitarist and keyboardist Richard Henshall of Haken fame. It was released on 9 August 2019. It features guest performances of his Haken bandmate Ross Jennings (vocals), among other guests. The main members include bassist Conner Green (also of Haken) and Cynic drummer Matt Lynch.

It was initially planned for a 26 July release. Henshall cites Bon Iver, Meshuggah and Squarepusher as influences and says the album reflects his tastes for electronic music, jazz and metal.

The song "Twisted Shadows", which features guest performances from Jennings and from Dream Theater keyboardist Jordan Rudess, started with some improvisations at Henshall's piano and is influenced by Prince, Frank Zappa, The Dear Hunter and Meshuggah.

Ross Jennings (singer)
Ross William Jennings (born 7 February 1984) is an English progressive metal singer, most known for being a founding member and the lead vocalist of the bands Haken and Novena. As of 2023, he has released seven albums with Haken (Aquarius, Visions, The Mountain, Affinity, Vector, Virus, and Fauna), one with Novena (Eleventh Hour), three with Redados (Too Tired for Sleep, One Way Conversations and Turbo Torture: Train Like Dogs...Ride Like Gods) and one solo album (A Shadow of My Future Self).
Rampur Bushahr
Rampur Bushahr is a town and a municipal council in Shimla district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. It is situated on the bank of Satluj river. It is about 128 km from Shimla and is well connected with NH 5 which passes through Theog, Narkanda and Kumarsain.

Kumarsain
Kumarsain (English:  /kumærsæɪn/; Hindi: [kʊmaɾsain] ⓘ), also known as Kumharsain, is a town in Shimla District in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Formerly under the British Raj, it was the capital of princely state of Kumharsain, which was one of the several states of the Punjab States Agency. It is about 80 km  from Shimla and famous for apple and cherry orchards.

Kumarsain was founded in the 11th century A.D. as the capital of Kumharsain State. It was occupied by Nepal from 1803 to 1816, and by British India from 1839 to 1840. Kumarsain lies 1 km beside National Highway 5 from Bharara village, which is 20 km from Narkanda towards Rampur Bushahr.
Periscope Life
Periscope Life is the seventh album by the Dutch progressive rock band Kayak, originally released on LP in 1980. The first CD issue (1993) had 2 bonus tracks. In 1998, the album (without the bonus tracks) was part of the Double CD 3 Originals

Kayak (band)
Kayak was a Dutch rock band formed by Ton Scherpenzeel and Pim Koopman in Hilversum in 1972. In 1973, their debut album See See the Sun was released, including three hit singles. Their popularity was mainly in the Netherlands, with their top hit "Ruthless Queen" reaching No. 6 on the Dutch charts in March 1979. They disbanded in 1982 after releasing nine albums.

In 1999, the band was asked to perform on the TV show De Vrienden van Amstel Live. After this performance, they decided to reform, and released nine further studio albums and three live albums.
Simone Vignoso
Simone Vignoso was a 14th-century Genoese admiral. In 1346 he led a fleet that conquered the island of Chios and the port of Phocaea, establishing the Genoese-run Maona of Chios and Phocaea company there. Nothing is known of him after 1350.

Maona of Chios and Phocaea
Maona of Chios and Phocaea (Italian: Maona di Chio e di Focea; 1346–1566) was a maona formed to exact taxes for the Republic of Genoa from the island of Chios and port of Phocaea. Genoa sold the rights to their taxes to the maona, which raised funds from its investors to buy galleys and eventually re-conquer Chios and Phocaea.
New South Wales Country Cockatoos
The New South Wales Country Cockatoos is an amateur representative rugby union football team. Players in the team are selected by the New South Wales Country Rugby Union from regions of New South Wales excluding Sydney and Southern NSW. New South Wales Country plays regular fixtures with other representative sides including City-Country matches with New South Wales Suburban for the Maher-Ross Cup, and the "Battle of the Borders" Cup against the Queensland Country Heelers.

The NSW Country team adopted a logo featuring a Cockatoo in 1996. These native birds are common throughout regional areas of New South Wales. The team colours are orange (amber) and black.

Queensland Country Heelers
The Queensland Country Heelers is an amateur rugby union football team that represents the regions of Queensland outside of Brisbane. The team is selected by the Queensland Country Rugby Union following the annual Queensland Country Championships, and plays other representative teams from around Australia.