hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grand Župan
Grand Župan, also Great or Chief Župan (Serbian: Велики жупан, Veliki župan, Latin: magnus iupanus, Greek: ζουπανος μεγας, romanized: zoupanos megas) is a common English rendering of a medieval South Slavic title that designates a hierarchically senior župan, who is first among, or superior to other župans (chiefs of a regional units called župa). It was most commonly attested in Medieval Serbia, where it was used as a princely title by rulers of the Grand Principality of Serbia, from the end of the 11th century, up to 1219, when it was replaced by royal title, upon the established of the Kingdom of Serbia.

Župan
Župan is a noble and administrative title used in several states in Central and Southeastern Europe between the 7th century and the 21st century. It was (and in Croatia still is) the leader of the administrative unit župa (or zhupa, županija). The term in turn was adopted by the Hungarians as ispán and spread further.
Belper
Belper (/ˈbɛlpər/) is a town and civil parish in the Amber Valley district of Derbyshire, England, located about 7 miles (11 km) north of Derby on the River Derwent. Along with Belper, the parish includes the village of Milford and the hamlets of Bargate, Blackbrook, and Makeney.

As of the 2021 census, the parish had a population of 21,440. Originally a centre for the nail-making industry since the Middle Ages, Belper expanded during the early Industrial Revolution to become one of the first mill towns with the establishment of several textile mills; as such, it forms part of the Derwent Valley Mills World Heritage Site.

River Derwent, Derbyshire
The Derwent is a river in Derbyshire, England. It is 50 miles (80 km) long and is a tributary of the River Trent, which it joins south of Derby. The river's course is largely in the Peak District and its foothills.

Much of the river's route, with the exception of the city of Derby, is rural. However, the river has also seen many human uses, and between Matlock and Derby was one of the cradles of the Industrial Revolution. It is the site of the Derwent Valley Mills, the first industrial-scale cotton mills. Today it provides a water supply to several surrounding cities, and its steep-sided valley is an important communications corridor through the uplands of the Peak District.

The scenery of the Derwent valley attracts many tourists. The upper reaches pass through the Peak District National Park, whilst the middle reaches around the old spa town of Matlock Bath offer souvenir shops and amusement arcades, together with attractions such as the Heights of Abraham and its cable car.
Water horse
A water horse (also compounded as: waterhorse) is a mythical creature that appears in multiple forms in Celtic and Nordic folklore. Celtic incarnations includes: the Welsh Ceffyl Dŵr, Irish Capaill Uisce, the Scottish each-uisge and kelpie. In Nordic folklore, the water horse is a shape taken on by the nixie, in Swedish called bäckahästen ("the brook horse"), in Faroese nykur ("nixie").

Each-uisge
The each-uisge (Scottish Gaelic: [ɛxˈɯʃkʲə], literally "water horse") is a water spirit in Irish and Scottish folklore, spelled as the each-uisce (anglicized as aughisky or ech-ushkya) in Ireland and cabbyl-ushtey on the Isle of Man.  It usually takes the form of a horse, and is similar to the kelpie but far more vicious.
Leapmotor C10
The Leapmotor C10 (Chinese: 零跑C10; pinyin: Língpǎo C10; stylized as CI0) is a mid-size crossover SUV produced by Chinese automobile manufacturer Leapmotor and sold in Europe by Leapmotor International. It is the first Leapmotor model to be designed for global markets, and is the first to enter the European market alongside the Leapmotor T03.

Leapmotor
Zhejiang Leapmotor Technology Co., Ltd., trading as Leapmotor (Chinese: 零跑汽车; pinyin: Língpǎo Qìchē), is a Chinese automobile manufacturer headquartered in Hangzhou, China, specializing in developing electric vehicles. The company was founded in 2015, and sold its first vehicles in 2019. In 2023, Stellantis acquired a 20 percent stake of Leapmotor, and started to sell Leapmotor vehicles in parts of Europe in 2024.
Baron Egerton
Baron Egerton, of Tatton in the County Palatine of Chester, was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 15 April 1859 for William Egerton (1806–1883), a politician from the Egerton family.

Egerton family
The Egerton family (pronunciation: "edge-er-ton") is a British aristocratic family. Over time, several members of the Egerton family were made Dukes, Earls, knights, baronets and peers. Hereditary titles held by the Egerton family include the dukedoms of Bridgewater (1720–1803) and Sutherland (since 1963), as well as the earldoms of Bridgewater (1617–1829), Wilton (1801–1999) and Egerton (1897–1909). Several other members of the family have also risen to prominence. The Egerton family motto is Virtuti non armis fido ("I put my faith in valour not arms").
Petar Zrinski
Petar IV Zrinski (Hungarian: Zrínyi Péter) (6 June 1621 – 30 April 1671) was Ban of Croatia (Viceroy) from 1665 to 1670, general and a writer. A member of the Zrinski noble family, he was noted for his role in the attempted Croatian-Hungarian Magnate conspiracy to overthrow the Habsburgs, which ultimately led to his execution for high treason.

Ban of Croatia
Ban of Croatia (Croatian: Hrvatski ban) was the title of local rulers or office holders and after 1102, viceroys of Croatia. From the earliest periods of the Croatian state, some provinces were ruled by bans as a ruler's representative (viceroy) and supreme military commander. In the 18th century, Croatian bans eventually became the chief government officials in Croatia.

They were at the head of the Ban's Government, effectively the first prime ministers of Croatia. The institution of ban persisted until the first half of the 20th century, when it was officially superseded in function by that of a parliamentary prime minister.
Ystradfellte
Ystradfellte (Welsh pronunciation: [ˌəstradˈvɛɬtɛ] ⓘ) is a village and community in Powys, Wales, about 6 miles (10 km) north of Hirwaun, with 556 inhabitants. It belongs to the historic county of Brecknockshire (Breconshire) and the Fforest Fawr area of the Brecon Beacons National Park, beside the Afon Mellte river. The village is linked by minor roads with Heol Senni to the north and the A4059 north of Penderyn, and with Pontneddfechan, which lies in the community, at the head of the Vale of Neath to the south. It comes under Aberdare for postal purposes.

River Mellte
The River Mellte (Welsh: Afon Mellte; Welsh pronunciation: [ˈmɛɬtɛ]) is a river in south Wales. It is formed by the confluence of the Afon Llia and the Afon Dringarth. It then flows south through the village of Ystradfellte to Pontneddfechan where it joins with the Nedd Fechan to become the River Neath (Welsh: 'Afon Nedd'). The river derives its name from 'mellt' - the Welsh word for 'lightning' - after its tendency to rise and fall rapidly in response to heavy rainfall.
External globus pallidus
The external globus pallidus (GPe or lateral globus pallidus) combines with the internal globus pallidus (GPi) to form the globus pallidus, an anatomical subset of the basal ganglia. Globus pallidus means "pale globe" in Latin, indicating its appearance.  The external globus pallidus is the segment of the globus pallidus that is relatively further (lateral) from the midline of the brain.

The GPe is predominantly composed of inhibitory GABAergic neurons that project axons to the subthalamic nucleus (in the diencephalon), the striatum, internal globus pallidus (GPi) and substantia nigra pars reticulata.

The GPe is particular in comparison to the other elements of the set by the fact that it does not work as an output base of the basal ganglia (not sending axons to the thalamus) but as the main regulator of the basal ganglia system.  It is sometimes used as a target for deep brain stimulation as a treatment for Parkinson's disease.

Internal globus pallidus
The internal globus pallidus (GPi or medial globus pallidus) is one of the two subcortical nuclei that provides inhibitory output in the basal ganglia, the other being the substantia nigra pars reticulata. Together with the external globus pallidus (GPe), it makes up one of the two segments of the globus pallidus, a structure that can decay with certain neurodegenerative disorders and is a target for medical and neurosurgical therapies.  The GPi, along with the substantia nigra pars reticulata, comprise the primary output of the basal ganglia, with its outgoing GABAergic neurons having an inhibitory function in the thalamus, the centromedian complex and the pedunculopontine complex.
United States Employment Service
The US Employment Service (ES) is the national system of public employment offices, managed by state workforce agencies and their localities, and funded by the Department of Labor. It is supervised by the Employment and Training Administration and was established by the Wagner–Peyser Act of 1933.

Wagner–Peyser Act
The Wagner–Peyser Act (Pub. L. 73–30) is a United States federal law that establishes a nationwide system of public employment offices, known as the Employment Service. The US DOL Employment and Training Administration defines the Employment Service (ES) as the national system of public offices described under the act, where services are delivered through a nationwide system of one-stop centers, managed by state workforce agencies (SWAs) and the various local offices of the SWAs, and funded by the US DOL.

The act was named for its congressional sponsors, Sen. Robert F. Wagner (D-New York) and Rep. Theodore A. Peyser (D-New York). As part of the New Deal, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the act into law on June 6, 1933, at the White House. The act was later amended many times, especially by the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 and the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act of 2014.
Mobile Suit Crossbone Gundam
Mobile Suit Crossbone Gundam (機動戦士クロスボーン・ガンダム, Kidō Senshi Kurosubōn Gandamu) is a six-volume manga series written and illustrated by Yuuichi Hasegawa based on notes and information by Yoshiyuki Tomino, serialized in Kadokawa Shoten's Shōnen Ace magazine from December 1994 to March 1997 issues. A sequel to the animated theatrical film Mobile Suit Gundam F91, Crossbone has been officially distributed only in Japan and Italy. Numerous sequels written and illustrated by Hasegawa without Tomino's involvement have been published in Gundam Ace.

Gundam Ace
Gundam Ace (ガンダムエース, Gandamu Eesu) is a monthly Japanese shōnen manga magazine published by Kadokawa Shoten. It largely focuses on the Gundam franchise. There was a Chinese version published by Kadokawa Media (Taiwan) Co., Ltd, discontinued in 2008.
Pre-Islamic rulers of Ternate
The pre-Islamic rulers of Ternate lorded over the leading spice-producing kingdom in the Maluku Islands in present-day Indonesia. They are known from several partly different historical traditions. One version commences with Cico, a chief of the coastal village Sampalu who obtained a mystical golden mortar and pestle and was elected king (Kolano) by the chiefs of the islands. Other versions start with Mashur-ma-lamo, son of the Arab immigrant Jafar Sadik and a heavenly nymph. Ternate was part of a ritual quadripartition together with the kingdoms of Tidore, Jailolo and Bacan. After many generations, King Tidore Wonge converted to Islam and became Sultan under the name Zainal Abidin (1486?-1500?).

Zainal Abidin of Ternate
Zainal Abidin (Jawi: زين العابدين‎); born Tidore Wonge (تدوري وڠي‎) or Gapi Buta (ݢاڤي بوت‎)) was the 18th or 19th ruler of the Ternate Sultanate of Maluku, located in modern-day Indonesia. His life is only described in sources dating from the 16th century or later. According to these sources he was the first ruler of Ternate to use the title Sultan rather than Kolano, or king, and enacted a number of changes in the government, based on Islamic Law, technically transforming Ternate into an Islamic kingdom.
Phellodendron amurense
Phellodendron amurense is a species of tree in the family Rutaceae, commonly called the Amur cork tree. It is a major source of huáng bò (Chinese: 黄柏 or 黄檗), one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine. The Ainu people used its fruit, called "shikerebe-ni" (in Ainu, sikerpe), as a painkiller. It is known as hwangbyeok in Korean and (キハダ) kihada in Japanese.

It is native to eastern Asia: northern China, northeast China, Korea, Ussuri, Amur, and Japan, the Amur cork tree is considered invasive in many parts of North America. The State of Massachusetts lists it as a noxious weed.

Huang Bai
Huáng bǎi (黃栢 or 黃柏, literally "yellow cypress"), huáng bó (黃柏) or huáng bò (黃檗) is one of the fifty fundamental herbs of traditional Chinese medicine.  Known also as Cortex Phellodendri, it is the bark of one of two species of Phellodendron tree: Phellodendron amurense or Phellodendron chinense.
Timber rafting
Timber rafting is a method of transporting felled tree trunks by tying them together to make rafts, which are then drifted or pulled downriver, or across a lake or other body of water. It is arguably, after log driving, the second cheapest means of transporting felled timber. Both methods may be referred to as timber floating. The tradition of timber rafting cultivated in Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Latvia, Poland and Spain was inscribed on UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2022.

Log driving
Log driving is a means of moving logs (sawn tree trunks) from a forest to sawmills and pulp mills downstream using the current of a river. It was the main transportation method of the early logging industry in Europe and North America.
Fertek
Fertek is a neighbourhood of the city of Niğde in the Niğde Province, Turkey. Its population is 9,287 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It has a history going back to the 3rd century, starting with the settlement of Karamanlides. The town went through Byzantine, Seljuk, and Ottoman histories.

Niğde
Niğde (Turkish pronunciation: [ni:de]; Ancient Greek: Νίγδη; Hittite: Nahita, Naxita) is a city and is located in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Niğde Province and Niğde District. Its population is 170,511 (2022). It lies at an elevation of 1,276 m (4,186 ft).

The city is small with plenty of green space and gardens around the houses. Its people generally tend to be religious and conservative.

Medieval monuments are scattered about the centre of the town, especially around the market place.

The nearest airport is Nevşehir Kapadokya Airport (NAV) which is 90.6 km (50.6 miles) away.
Mahaka X
PT Mahaka Media Tbk, traded as Mahaka X (stylized as mahakaX) since 2022, formerly known as Abdi Bangsa, is an Indonesian media and entertainment company founded by Erick Thohir. The group owns and operates the printed newspapers Harian Republika and Harian Indonesia, a magazine (Golf Digest), a regional free to air television station (JakTV), and a radio station (Gen FM).

Republika (Indonesian newspaper)
Republika is an online Indonesian national daily newspaper. The newspaper was known, and described itself, as a publication for the Muslim community. In 1994, the paper created its own news portal, which is one of the first of its kind in Indonesia. It ceased publication in December 2022 and transitioned to online.
Bhai Subeg Singh
Bhai Subeg Singh was an 18th-century Sikh Martyr who served as a contractor and kotwal (castellan) for the Mughal Empire. Bhai Subeg Singh helped with peace negotiations between the Sikhs and Mughal government in 1733. Bhai Subeg Singh, along with his son, Bhai Shahbaz Singh, were both executed by the Mughal Government in 1745 when they refused to convert to Islam. He is remembered by Sikhs as one of their notable martyrs of the 18th century.

Martyrdom in Sikhism
Martyrdom is a fundamental institution of Sikhism. Sikh festivals are largely focused on the lives of the Sikh gurus and Sikh martyrs. Their martyrdoms are regarded as instructional ideals for Sikhs, and have greatly influenced Sikh culture and practices.

The term shahidi has been used by Sikhs since the 19th century to describe the act of martyrdom. A martyr is sometimes called a shahid (Punjabi: Gurmukhi- ਸ਼ਹੀਦ , Shahmukhi- شہید).
Zhang Chujin
Zhang Chujin (died 922) was a Chinese officer who was briefly ruler of Zhao or Chengde in what is now Shijiazhuang, Hebei, during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Era of Chinese history. His father Zhang Wenli had been adopted by Wang Rong, a military governor (jiedushi) of Chengde who declared its independence of the Later Liang under the name Zhao in 910. In 921, Zhang Wenli prompted a mutiny that killed Wang, executed his natural children, and attempted to ally himself with neighboring Jin by nominally submitting to its authority and describing himself as its military governor for the area. Confronted with mounting evidence of Zhang Wenli's treachery, however, Li Cunxu of Jin ordered an invasion, which supposedly caused Zhang to die of shock. Zhang Chujin then attempted to hold out against Jin but was captured and killed in 922.

Zhang Wenli
Zhang Wenli (died 15? September 921), known as Wang Deming during the time that he was an adoptive son of Wang Rong, was a Chinese general and official who initially served under the late Tang dynasty warlord Liu Rengong and Liu Rengong's son Liu Shouwen, and later Wang Rong, king of the early Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Zhao (also known as Chengde). Wang Rong favored him for his talent and adopted him as a son. However, in 921, Zhang encouraged Wang Rong's guards to mutiny and slaughter the Wang clan. He then took over Zhao. When Wang Rong's ally Li Cunxu, Prince of Jin, attacked in response, he is said to have died in shock.
The Concubine's Secret
The Concubine's Secret, as known as The Girl from Junchow in USA, is a 2009 novel by Kate Furnivall; it is the sequel to The Russian Concubine. It followed by journey of Lydia Ivanova and Chang An Lo, whose separation lives when she searched for her father along with her half-brother and Chang is a high-ranking officer.

The Russian Concubine
The Russian Concubine is a 2007 novel by Kate Furnivall. The book is loosely based on the story of Furnivall's mother Lily, who was a Russian refugee. Set in Russia and China, it is a love story between Lydia Ivanova and Chang An Lo and is followed by a sequel The Concubine's Secret and a prequel The Jewel of St Petersburg, which is about Lydia's parents Valentina and Jens.
Cat Royal
Cat Royal (also known as Cat Royal Adventures) is a series of 6 historical fiction adventure books by Julia Golding, a British novelist.

The main character of the series is an orphan named Catherine "Cat" Royal. The series is set in 18th Century London where Cat lives in the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, after she was abandoned on the front steps of the theatre and taken in by Richard Brinsley Sheridan, the owner of the theatre. The main themes are slavery and equality between people from all races and social classes. While the main cast of characters are fictional, some real historical figures, such as Olaudah Equiano, feature as supporting characters.

The first book, The Diamond of Drury Lane, takes place in January 1790, and the seventh book, Cat's Cradle, takes place in October 1792. Originally, the books had illustrated covers, but these were later replaced with photographic covers, with a model representing the protagonist, Cat Royal.

Cat's Cradle (Golding novel)
Cat's Cradle is the 6th novel in the Cat Royal series by Julia Golding and was published in 2009.

It is a young adult historical novel that continues to follow Cat on her adventures after being abandoned as a baby on the doorstep of Drury Lane.
Golden Spin of Zagreb
The Golden Spin of Zagreb (Croatian: Zlatna pirueta Zagreba) is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Croatian Skating Federation (Croatian: Hrvatski klizački savez) at the Klizalište Velesajam in Zagreb, Croatia. The competition debuted in 1967 when Zagreb was part of Yugoslavia. It was suspended in 1991 owing to the Croatian War of Independence, but continued as a Croatian event beginning in 1992. When the ISU launched the Challenger Series in 2014, the Golden Spin of Zagreb was one of the inaugural competitions. It has been a Challenger Series event ever since, except for 2020, when it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Medals are awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance; and when the event is part of the Challenger Series, skaters earn World Standing points based on their results.

ISU Challenger Series
The ISU Challenger Series is a series of ten international figure skating competitions sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU) and organized by ISU member nations. The series was introduced in 2014; its stated goal is to provide consistent organization and structure within a series of international competitions, as well as opportunities for senior-level skaters to compete at the international level while also earning World Standing points. The Nebelhorn Trophy, the Nepela Memorial, and the Golden Spin of Zagreb have been regular competitions in the series since the beginning, as was the Finlandia Trophy until 2024. Skaters and teams are eligible to compete in up to three Challenger Series events each season, and their top two scores are combined to calculate their total Challenger Series scores.
2021 AFC Champions League group stage
The 2021 AFC Champions League group stage was played from 14 to 30 April 2021 for the West Region and from 22 June to 11 July 2021 for the East Region. A total of 40 teams competed in the group stage to decide the 16 places in the knockout stage of the 2021 AFC Champions League.

2021 AFC Champions League
The 2021 AFC Champions League was the 40th edition of Asia's premier club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and the 19th under the current AFC Champions League title.

Al-Hilal won their fourth title by defeating Pohang Steelers 2–0 in the final, becoming the most successful team in the history of the competition. As winners, they automatically qualified for the 2022 AFC Champions League (although they had already qualified through their domestic performance). They also earned the right to play in the 2021 FIFA Club World Cup in the United Arab Emirates and the 2025 FIFA Club World Cup in the United States.

The tournament was the first to involve 40 teams during the group stage, with an increase from the previous 32 teams.

Ulsan Hyundai of South Korea were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the semi-finals by fellow South Korean club Pohang Steelers.
Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf
The Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf (PFLOAG), later renamed to the Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman and the Arabian Gulf, was a revolutionary Marxist–Leninist organization that operated in Dhofar and the Persian Gulf from 1968 to 1974.

Formed as the successor to the Dhofar Liberation Front (DLF)  during the Hamrin Congress of 1968, the organization was active in armed struggle against the monarchies of the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, culminating in the Dhofar Rebellion against the Sultanate of Oman. PFLOAG's goal was the establishment of an Arab socialist state in the Gulf region through the strategy of fighting a people's war.

Through its commitment to scientific socialism, the organization implemented social reforms in its "liberated areas," including the promotion of women's rights and the abolition of tribal structures. It was rebranded to the Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman (PFLO) in 1974.

Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman
The Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman (in Arabic: الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير عُمان, romanized: al-Jabha aš-Šaʿbiyya li-Taḥrīr ʿUmān, PFLO) was a Marxist and Arab nationalist revolutionary organisation in the Sultanate of Oman. It fought against the Al Bu Said dynasty in the Dhofar Rebellion from the PFLO's foundation and remained active until 1994.