hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marian Smoluchowski
Marian Smoluchowski (Polish: [ˈmarjan smɔluˈxɔfskʲi]; 28 May 1872  – 5 September 1917) was a Polish physicist who worked in the territories of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was a pioneer of statistical physics and made significant contributions to the theory of Brownian motion and stochastic processes.

Smoluchowski graduated in physics from the University of Vienna in 1895 before becoming a privatdozent at the University of Lemberg three years later. In 1913, he was appointed the chair of the Faculty of Experimental Physics at the Jagellonian University in Kraków. He is known for the Smoluchowski equation, Einstein–Smoluchowski relation and Feynman–Smoluchowski ratchet.

University of Lviv
The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (named after Ivan Franko, Ukrainian: Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка, romanized: Lvivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni Ivana Franka) is a state-sponsored university in Lviv, Ukraine. Since 1940 the university is named after Ukrainian poet Ivan Franko.

The university is the oldest institution of higher learning in continuous operation in present-day Ukraine, dating from 1661 when John II Casimir, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, granted it its first royal charter. Over the centuries, it has undergone various transformations, suspensions, and name changes that have reflected the geopolitical complexities of this part of Europe. The present institution can be dated to 1940.
Albertas Goštautas
Albertas Goštautas (c. 1480 – 1539) was a Lithuanian noble of the Goštautai family from the ethnically Lithuanian lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Voivode of Navahrudak since 1508, Voivode of Polotsk since 1514, Voivode of Trakai since 1519 and Voivode of Vilnius since 1522. In 1522, he became Grand Chancellor of Lithuania. He was the initiator and the editor of the First Statute of Lithuania, as a successor of his staunch opponent Mikolaj Radziwiłł, who rivaled him in the precedence in the Council of Lords. His subsequent rival in influence in the Grand Duchy was Konstanty Ostrogski. In 1529, he received the title of count from Pope Clement VII, and in the following year, thanks to the efforts of Jan Dantyszek, he received the title of Graf of Hyeranyony from Emperor Charles V.

Nowogródek Voivodeship (1507–1795)
Nowogródek Voivodeship (Polish: województwo nowogródzkie; Latin: Palatinatus Novogrodensis; Lithuanian: Naugarduko vaivadija; Belarusian: Наваградзкае ваяводзтва) was a voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1507 to 1795, with the capital in the town of Nowogródek (now Novogrudok, Belarus). Since 1569 it was located in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, as part of Lithuania.
Carson Park (baseball stadium)
44°48′28″N 91°31′14″W﻿ / ﻿44.807759°N 91.52048°W﻿ / 44.807759; -91.52048

Carson Park is a baseball stadium located in Carson Park, a park in Eau Claire, Wisconsin.  It was built as a Works Progress Administration project in 1936, and it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The stadium is home to the Eau Claire Express of the Northwoods League, the Eau Claire Cavaliers amateur team, the Eau Claire Bears amateur team, the Eau Claire Pizza Hut American Legion team, the Eau Claire Memorial, North, Regis and Immanuel Lutheran high school baseball teams, and the UW-Eau Claire (NCAA) baseball team.

The left field wall is adjacent to the sideline of the Carson Park football stadium field.  During the football season, temporary bleachers from the baseball stadium are positioned on left field with the front of the bleachers placed along the left field wall facing the football field.

Eau Claire Express
The Eau Claire Express is a collegiate summer baseball team playing in the Northwoods League. Their home games are played at historic Carson Park in Eau Claire, Wisconsin.

As of 2025, 20 former Express players have gone on to appear in Major League Baseball, including Jordan Zimmermann, Kole Calhoun, Alex Call, Griffin Jax and Daulton Varsho.
The Bronx Defenders
Bronx Defenders is a public defender office located in the South Bronx neighborhood of New York City. At the Bronx Defenders, criminal defense lawyers work together with civil lawyers, family defense lawyers, immigration lawyers, non-attorney advocates, social workers, and investigators to help their clients address the full range of legal and social issues that can result from criminal charges.

The Legal Aid Society
The Legal Aid Society is a 501(c)(3) non-profit legal aid provider based in New York City. Founded in 1876, it is the oldest and largest provider of legal aid in the United States. Its attorneys provide representation on criminal and civil matters in both individual cases and class action lawsuits. The organization is funded through a combination of public grants and private donations. It is the largest recipient of funding among regional legal aid providers from the New York City government and is the city's primary legal services provider.
Austric languages
The Austric languages are a proposed language family that includes the Austronesian languages spoken in Taiwan, Maritime Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, and Madagascar, as well as Kra–Dai and Austroasiatic languages spoken in Mainland Southeast Asia and South Asia. A genetic relationship between these language families is seen as plausible by some scholars, but remains unproven.

Additionally, Hmong–Mien languages are included by some linguists, and even Japanese was speculated to be Austric in an early version of the hypothesis by Paul K. Benedict.

Hmong–Mien languages
The Hmong–Mien languages (also known as Miao–Yao and rarely as Yangtzean) are a highly tonal language family of southern China and northern Southeast Asia. They are spoken in mountainous areas of southern China, including Guizhou, Hunan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Hubei provinces. The speakers of these languages are predominantly "hill people", in contrast to the neighboring Han Chinese, who have settled the more fertile river valleys. Since their migration about four centuries ago, Hmong–Mien populations have also established communities in northern Vietnam and Laos.
Siddhaṃ script
Siddhaṃ (also known as Kutila) is an Indic script used in India from the 6th century to the 13th century. Also known in its later evolved form as Siddhamātṛkā, Siddham is a medieval Brahmic abugida, derived from the  Gupta script and ancestral to the Nāgarī, Eastern Nagari, Tirhuta, Odia and Nepalese scripts. The Siddham script was widely used by Indian Buddhists and still remains in use by East Asian Buddhists, especially for writing mantras, seed syllables, and dharanis.

The word Siddhaṃ means "accomplished", "completed" or "perfected" in Sanskrit. The script received its name from the practice of writing Siddhaṃ, or Siddhaṃ astu ('may there be perfection'), at the head of documents. Other names for the script include bonji (Japanese: 梵字) "Brahma's characters" and "Sanskrit script" and Chinese: 悉曇文字; pinyin: Xītán wénzi "Siddhaṃ script".

Brahmic scripts
The Brahmic scripts, also known as Indic scripts, are a family of abugida writing systems. They are descended from the Brahmi script of ancient India and are used by various languages in several language families in South, East and Southeast Asia: Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman, Mongolic, Austroasiatic, Austronesian, and Tai. They were also the source of the dictionary order (gojūon) of Japanese kana.
Romantic comedy
Romantic comedy (commonly shortened to romcom or rom-com) is a sub-genre of comedy and romance fiction, focusing on lighthearted, humorous plot lines centered on romantic ideas, such as how love is able to surmount all obstacles. Romantic comedy evolved from Ancient Greek comedy, medieval romance, and 18th-century Restoration comedy, later developing into sub-genres like screwball comedies, career woman comedies, and 1950s sex comedies in Hollywood.

A common convention in romantic comedies is the "meet-cute", a humorous or unexpected encounter that creates initial tension and sets up the romantic storyline.

Meet cute
A meet cute is a scene in romantic fiction in which two people meet for the first time, typically under unusual, humorous, or adorable circumstances, and go on to form a future romantic couple.

This type of scene is a staple of romantic comedies, though it can also occur in sitcoms and soap operas. Frequently, the meet cute leads to a humorous clash of personalities or of beliefs, embarrassing situations, or comical misunderstandings that further drive the plot.
Unitech F.C.
Unitech FC, known in the Papua New Guinea National Soccer League as Tukoko University Lae FC, is a semi-professional soccer club based in Lae, Papua New Guinea. The club was founded in around 1994. It is the football club on the campus of the Papua New Guinea University of Technology.

The club was the second ever Papua New Guinea side to take part in an Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) event, having qualified for the 2001 Oceania Club Championship after winning the 2000 Papua New Guinea National Club Championship. The side also competed in three editions of the National Soccer League, and were champions of the Lahi Regional League on four occasions between 2001 and 2008.

Papua New Guinea National Club Championship
The Papua New Guinea National Club Championship is the top amateur division of soccer in Papua New Guinea. It is a nationwide league and was probably founded in 1976.

The league was the highest level of football administered by the Papua New Guinea Football Association (PNGFA) until the introduction of the semi-professional National Soccer League in 2006. Thereafter, there were two seasons which ran alongside the semi-professional league, in 2006 and 2008, before the league became defunct after the 2008 edition.

In June 2019, the PNGFA announced that the league was to be revived.
Fahrenheit (Taiwanese band)
Fahrenheit (Chinese: 飛輪海; pinyin: Fēilúnhǎi) was a Taiwanese boy band composed of members Calvin Chen, Jiro Wang, Wu Chun, and Aaron Yan. They were formed in 2005 by Comic International Productions and HIM International Music and GMM Grammy in Thailand. Their music is distributed by WOW Music in Hong Kong and by Pony Canyon in Japan. Fahrenheit ware often associated with their labelmate seniors S.H.E, who are also under HIM International Music.

In June 2011, Wu announced his decision to leave the group to focus on his acting career, but is open to the idea of reuniting with Fahrenheit in the future. Following Wu Chun's departure, the remaining members also went off to pursue solo projects, putting the group in an indefinite hiatus.

Calvin Chen
Calvin Chen (Chinese: 辰亦儒; pinyin: Chén Yìrú; Wade–Giles: Chen I-Ju; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sîn E̍k-jû; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Shìn Yi̍t-yî; Teochew pronunciation in Tâi-lô: Sîng Iā-dzû) is a Taiwanese actor, businessman, model, singer, and television host. He was a member of the Taiwanese boy band Fahrenheit, along with Jiro Wang, Wu Chun and Aaron Yan.
Dough strength
The dough strength is a property of dough that enables it to withstand the mechanical stress of the breadmaking process through a balanced combination of viscosity and elasticity. While the exact definitions of dough strength (also known as flour strength, baking strength, flour protein strength, gluten strength) vary to the point that some researchers avoid using the term altogether for its lack of precision, generally the dough strength is considered to have three components:

extensibility allows the dough to be stretched and keep the new shape, so that the bread rolls and loaves can be formed;

elasticity allows the dough to spring back after deformation. Hearth breads made of dough with little elasticity will go flat instead of baking up;

tenacity is the overall resistance of dough to stretching. High tenacity makes dough hard to work with during the makeup.

Typically the dough strength is measured with an alveograph (W factor).

Chopin alveograph
The Chopin Alveograph (originally named Extensimeter) is an empirical tool for wheat flour quality measurement. It measures the properties of the dough produced from the flour, by inflating a bubble in a thin sheet of the dough until it bursts. This process is supposed to simulate the natural bubble growth during the fermentation and in the early stages of baking. An analysis of the recorded graph of pressure vs. bubble volume yields about ten values that characterize the suitability of the flour for different uses. As of the 2020s, the device is manufactured by Chopin Technologies (since 2016, a part of KPM Analytics). A similar device for bubble inflation, D/R Dough Inflation System, is made by Stable Micro Systems.
Manitoba Highway 83A
Provincial Trunk Highway 83A (PTH 83A) is a name for a numbered highway in Manitoba, Canada serving the town of Swan River.  The highway is an alternate route of PTH 83; the southern leg of the route was the original alignment of the parent highway.

Manitoba Highway 83
Provincial Trunk Highway 83 (PTH 83) is a 402 kilometres (250 mi) long, major north–south highway that runs in the far western region of the Canadian province of Manitoba. It travels from the North Dakota border south of Melita, north through Virden, Birtle, Russell, and Roblin to its northern terminus with PTH 10 in the town of Swan River. Along with U.S. 83, PTH 83 is part of a continuously numbered north–south highway in North America with a combined distance of 3,450 kilometres (2,140 mi).

PTH 83 travels no further than 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of the Saskatchewan border, and comes within 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) of the provincial boundary from the junction with PR 487 just north of Benito to the junction with PTH 57.
Pre.shrunk
pre.shrunk were an Australian rock band, which formed in March 1996 with two bass guitarists, Dave Morris and David "Davarj"/"Davage" Thomas (ex-Nursery Crimes), and a drummer, Justin Dwyer. At the ARIA Music Awards of 1999 they were nominated in the Best Independent Release category for their single, "Triple A Side" (1998). In 2001 they were nominated in the same category for their debut album, Digital Sunset (2000). Thomas left in 2003 and the group continued until late the following year as a duo.

2001 ARIA Music Awards
The 15th Annual Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as ARIA Music Awards) were held on 30 October 2001 at the Capitol Theatre. Rock band Powderfinger won the most awards with six from eight nominations. Leading the nominations were dance, electronic group, The Avalanches, with nine nominations: they won four.
Columbian Harmony Cemetery
Columbian Harmony Cemetery was an African-American cemetery that formerly existed at 9th Street NE and Rhode Island Avenue NE in Washington, D.C., in the United States. Constructed in 1859, it was the successor to the smaller Harmoneon Cemetery in downtown Washington. All graves in the cemetery were moved to National Harmony Memorial Park in Landover, Maryland, in 1959. The cemetery site was sold to developers, and a portion used for the Rhode Island Avenue – Brentwood Washington Metro station.

Rhode Island Avenue station
Rhode Island Avenue station (also known as Rhode Island Avenue–Brentwood) is a Washington Metro station in Washington, D.C., on the Red Line. The station is located in the Brentwood neighborhood of Northeast, on an elevated platform crossing Rhode Island Avenue NE (U.S. Route 1)
Air America – Gloria Wise loan controversy
The Air America – Gloria Wise loan controversy concerned a loan from the Gloria Wise Boys and Girls Clubs, a non-profit organization serving the community of the Bronx, given to radio station Air America. The legality of the loan was investigated for several reasons, including the Boys and Girls Club being a charity organization and a conflict of interest as Evan Cohen was at the time chairman of both entities.

Evan Montvel Cohen
Evan Montvel Cohen (born 1966) is an American businessman living on the island of Guam. He was a founder and the first chairman of the liberal Air America Radio. Cohen has worked primarily in the broadcasting industry and in politics.
Kataseyama Station
Kataseyama Station (片瀬山駅, Kataseyama-eki) is a monorail train station on the Shōnan Monorail Enoshima Line in Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It is 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi) from the northern terminus of the Shōnan Monorail Enoshima Line at Ōfuna Station. It is an elevated station with single side platform serving bidirectional traffic, and is unattended.

Shonan Monorail
The Shonan Monorail is a suspended, SAFEGE-type monorail in the cities of Kamakura and Fujisawa in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the Shonan Monorail Co., Ltd. which is a subsidiary of Michinori Holdings. The line opened on 7 March 1970, the first suspended monorail in Japan. Trains run on a 6.6-kilometre (4.1 mi) line called the Enoshima Line. It is a mostly single-track railway with passing loops at most stations. The line is used by locals commuting to jobs in Tokyo or Yokohama and by tourists visiting the resort area of Enoshima.
Wall Street Plaza
Wall Street Plaza, also known as 88 Pine Street, is an office building located between Pine Street, Water Street, Front Street, and Maiden Lane in the Financial District of Manhattan in New York City, New York, U.S. Despite its name, it does not adjoin Wall Street. A plaza owned by the building management but accessible to the public surrounds it and links the separated parts of Pine Street in a walkable fashion. Its lobby includes a plaque and memorabilia related to the RMS Queen Elizabeth, a former passenger liner that sank in 1972. During its early years, the building also hosted a variety of public art projects in otherwise unused space.

The building was built in 1973 for Orient Overseas (International) Limited, which has remained the owner since its construction.

Orient Overseas (International) Limited
Orient Overseas (International) Limited (OOIL) is a Hong Kong, China based investment holding company involved in international transportation and logistics, and property investment and property development. It is the parent company of Orient Overseas Container Line (OOCL), one of the world's largest container shipping companies.
Los Alamos County, New Mexico
Los Alamos County (English: "The Poplars" or "Cottonwoods"; Spanish: Condado de Los Álamos) is a county in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,419. The smallest county by area in the state, Los Alamos County was formed from parts of Sandoval and Santa Fe counties on June 10, 1949.: 46   The county has two census-designated places: Los Alamos and White Rock.

The land that eventually became Los Alamos County was administered exclusively by the U.S. federal government during and for a few years after the Manhattan Project.: 29

Los Alamos County comprises the Los Alamos Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Los Alamos combined statistical area.

The county is home to the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos County is noted for having the lowest level of child poverty of any county in the United States.

Santa Fe County, New Mexico
Santa Fe County (Spanish: Condado de Santa Fe; meaning "County of the Holy faith" in Spanish) is a county located in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, its population was 154,823, making it New Mexico's third-most populous county, after Bernalillo County and Doña Ana County. Its county seat is Santa Fe, the state capital.

Santa Fe County includes the Santa Fe metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Las Vegas combined statistical area.
Thirds (album)
Thirds is the third studio album by the American rock band James Gang. The album was released in mid 1971, on the label ABC Records. It is the last studio album featuring Joe Walsh. "Walk Away" was released as a single, making the Top 40 on at least one national chart, reaching #51 on the Billboard Hot 100, the best placement of a James Gang single. The album reached Gold status in July 1972.

On the liner notes to the LP version of this 1971 album, Joe Walsh is credited with "guitar, vocals, and train wreck", the latter for his work on the song "Walk Away" as a wry commentary on the multi-tracked, cascading lead guitars that clash as the song fades out.

The Walsh period of the band came to a close with the release of the next album James Gang Live in Concert.

James Gang
James Gang was an American rock band formed in Cleveland, Ohio in 1966. The band went through a variety of line-up changes until they recorded their first album as a power trio consisting of Joe Walsh (guitars, lead vocals), Tom Kriss (bass) and Jim Fox (drums). Dale Peters replaced Kriss on bass for the band's second and third albums. Two of the band's songs, "Funk #49" and "Walk Away", continue to be popular on classic rock and AOR stations.

In late 1971, Walsh left to pursue a solo career and would later join the Eagles. The band carried on with a number of other guitarists and lead singers to replace Walsh. However, after failing to produce a hit song over the course of six more studio albums, the band finally broke up in 1977. Walsh, Fox and Peters have reformed for reunions since then, including September 3, 2022, when the power trio returned for a performance at the Taylor Hawkins Tribute Concert held in Wembley Stadium.
Operand forwarding
Operand forwarding (or data forwarding) is an optimization in pipelined CPUs to limit performance deficits which occur due to pipeline stalls caused by data hazards. A data hazard can lead to a pipeline stall when the current operation has to wait for the results of an earlier operation which has not yet finished.

It is very common that an instruction requires a value computed by the immediately preceding instruction. It may take a few clock cycles to write a result to the register file and then read it back for the subsequent instruction. To improve performance, the register file write/read is bypassed. The result of an instruction is forwarded directly to the execute stage of a subsequent instruction.

Hazard (computer architecture)
In the domain of central processing unit (CPU) design, hazards are problems with the instruction pipeline in CPU microarchitectures when the next instruction cannot execute in the following clock cycle, and can potentially lead to incorrect computation results. Three common types of hazards are data hazards, structural hazards, and control hazards (branching hazards).

There are several methods used to deal with hazards, including pipeline stalls/pipeline bubbling, operand forwarding, and in the case of out-of-order execution, the scoreboarding method and the Tomasulo algorithm.
KJUL
KJUL (104.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting an oldies format with a KQLL simulcast. Licensed to Moapa Valley, Nevada, United States, the station serves most of the Las Vegas metropolitan area. The station is owned by Summit American, Inc. Its studios are on Spectrum Boulevard in Las Vegas.

KJUL is a Class C1 FM station. It has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most FM stations. The transmitter is off Interstate 15 in Moapa Valley, about 50 miles northeast of Las Vegas. It is also heard on several FM translators in Beatty and Oasis Valley.

KQLL
KQLL (1280 AM, "Kool 102") is a commercial radio station licensed to Henderson, Nevada, and broadcasting to the Las Vegas metropolitan area. KQLL and KJUL (104.7 FM) simulcast an oldies format. They are owned by Summit Media with studios and offices on Spectrum Boulevard in Las Vegas.

By day, KQLL is powered at 5,000 watts using a non-directional antenna, at night to protect other stations on 1280 AM from interference, it reduces power to only 28 watts. Programming is also heard on 250-watt FM translator K272EE at 102.3 MHz in Las Vegas.