hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Simret
Simret is a municipality in the Tanqua Millash district of the Tigray Region, Ethiopia, which comprises the longest cave of Tigray in Zeyi, as well as Ras Alula's birthplace in Mennewe. The municipality centre is in Dengolo village. Until January 2020, Simret belonged to the Dogu'a Tembien district.

Dogu'a Tembien
Dogu'a Tembien (Tigrinya: ደጉዓ ተምቤን, "Upper Tembien", sometimes transliterated as Degua Tembien or Dägʿa Tämben) is a woreda in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. It is named in part after the former province of Tembien. Nowadays, the mountainous district is part of the Southeastern Tigray Zone. The administrative centre of this woreda is Hagere Selam.
HarmonyOS 5
HarmonyOS 5 (also known as HarmonyOS NEXT) developed by Huawei is a proprietary distributed operating system that succeeded the similarly named HarmonyOS, with the main difference that the "NEXT" operating system supports only HarmonyOS native apps. Unlike Android-based HarmonyOS versions 1 to 4 (2019–2024) and the global EMUI operating system, the Next version (first launched on the Pura X) does not include the Android AOSP core and is incompatible with Android applications.

HarmonyOS NEXT both discards the common Unix-like Linux kernel and replaces the previous multikernel system with its own bespoke HarmonyOS microkernel. The rich execution environment (REE) version of the HarmonyOS microkernel is placed at its core, with a single framework as kernel mode. The OpenHarmony-based operating system shares lineage with the lightweight LiteOS real-time operating system for resource-constrained devices like smart wearables and IoT products.

LiteOS
Huawei LiteOS is a discontinued lightweight real-time operating system (RTOS) developed by Huawei. It is a POSIX compliant operating system for Internet of things (IoT) devices, and free and open-source software, released under a BSD 3-clause license. Microcontrollers of different architectures such as ARM (M0/3/4/7, A7/17/53, ARM9/11), x86, and RISC-V are supported by the project. Huawei's LiteOS is part of their '1+8+N' Internet of things system, and has been featured in several open source software development kits and industry offerings.

Smartwatches by Huawei and its former Honor brand run LiteOS. LiteOS variants of kernels has since been incorporated currently into the IoT-oriented open source OpenHarmony kernel agnostic platform and classic HarmonyOS 4.x and earlier versions.
Guenther Steiner
Guenther Steiner (born 7 April 1965, German: Günther) is an Italian and American motorsport engineer and former team manager. Steiner was the Team Principal of Haas Formula One Team from 2016 to 2023, the managing director of Jaguar Racing from 2001 to 2003, and technical operations director of its subsequent incarnation, Red Bull Racing. He is currently a commentator and analyst for Formula One broadcasts.

Haas F1 Team
Haas Formula LLC, competing as TGR Haas F1 Team, is an American-licensed Formula One (F1) racing team established by NASCAR Cup Series team owner Gene Haas in April 2014. The team made its debut in the 2016 season. The team principal is Ayao Komatsu, who replaced Guenther Steiner who served in the role from the team's inception until his resignation in January 2024.

Haas is headquartered in Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States, 31 mi (50 km) from Charlotte, alongside sister team and NASCAR entrant Haas Factory Team, although the two teams are separate entities. The team also established a forward base in Banbury, England, to turn cars around between races during the European part of the calendar.  The team maintains a design office in Maranello, which is also home to Scuderia Ferrari's headquarters.
SAP NetWeaver Application Server
SAP NetWeaver Application Server or SAP Web Application Server is a component of SAP NetWeaver which works as a web application server for SAP products.
All ABAP application servers including the message server represent the application layer of the multitier architecture of an ABAP-based SAP system. These application servers execute ABAP applications and communicate with the presentation components, the database, and also with each other, using the message server.

SAP NetWeaver
SAP NetWeaver is a software stack for many of SAP SE's applications. The SAP NetWeaver Application Server, sometimes referred to as WebAS, is the runtime environment for the SAP applications and all of the mySAP Business Suite runs on SAP WebAS: supplier relationship management (SRM), customer relationship management (CRM), supply chain management (SCM), product lifecycle management (PLM), enterprise resource planning (ERP), transportation management system (TMS).

The product is marketed as a service-oriented architecture for enterprise application integration. It can be used for custom development and integration with other applications and systems, and is built primarily using the ABAP programming language, but also uses C, C++, and Java.  It can also be extended with, and interoperate with, technologies such as Microsoft .NET, Java EE, and IBM WebSphere.
The Family of Philip V (1723)
The Family of Felipe V is an oil on canvas painting by the French artist Jean Ranc completed in 1723. It features depictions of Philip V of Spain and his family. The painting is one of a trio of paintings that bear the same name; the other two are by Louis Michel van Loo and are dated 1738 and (a larger version) 1743.

The Family of Philip V (1743)
The Family of Philip V is an oil-on-canvas painting by the French artist Louis-Michel van Loo, completed in 1743. It features life-sized depictions of Philip V of Spain and his family. The painting depicts the royal family in a fictional room and is in the style of French baroque and rococo art. The painting is one of a trio of paintings which bear the same name and are dated 1723 by Jean Ranc, a smaller 1738 version and the 1743 rendition.
Glenn M. Wise
Glenn Miller Wise (July 14, 1896, Wyocena, Wisconsin – September 24, 1991, Madison, Wisconsin) was a secretary, statistician, and Republican politician, who served as Wisconsin's first female Secretary of State from 1955 to 1957.

Secretary of State of Wisconsin
The secretary of state of Wisconsin is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of Wisconsin, and is second (behind the lieutenant governor) in the line of succession to the office of governor of Wisconsin. Twenty-nine individuals have held the office of secretary of state, two of whom have held non-consecutive terms. The incumbent is Sarah Godlewski, who was appointed by Governor Tony Evers on March 17, 2023, to replace long-time Secretary of State Doug La Follette.
Lorna Wighton
Lorna Wighton (born June 2, 1958 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian former ice dancer. With partner John Dowding, she won three gold medals at the Canadian Figure Skating Championships and finished sixth at the 1980 Winter Olympics.

John Dowding (figure skater)
John Dowding (born April 27, 1957 in Oakville, Ontario) is a Canadian former ice dancer.  With partner Lorna Wighton, he won three gold medals at the Canadian Figure Skating Championships and finished sixth at the 1980 Winter Olympics.

Currently, Mr. Dowding resides in Fresno, California and is the owner of Champion Window Coverings.
Woods Hole, Massachusetts
Woods Hole is a census-designated place in the town of Falmouth in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States. It lies at the extreme southwestern corner of Cape Cod, near Martha's Vineyard and the Elizabeth Islands. The population was 781 at the 2010 census.

It is the site of several marine science institutions, including Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, the Marine Biological Laboratory, the Woodwell Climate Research Center, NOAA's Northeast Fisheries Science Center (which started the Woods Hole scientific community in 1871), the Woods Hole Science Aquarium, a USGS coastal and marine geology center, and the home campus of the Sea Education Association.

Woods Hole is also the site of United States Coast Guard Sector Southeastern New England (formerly USCG Group Woods Hole), the Nobska Light lighthouse, and the terminus of the Steamship Authority ferry route between Cape Cod and the island of Martha's Vineyard.

Falmouth, Massachusetts
Falmouth (/ˈfælməθ/ FAL-məth) is a town on Cape Cod in Massachusetts. The population was 32,517 at the 2020 census, making Falmouth the second-largest municipality on Cape Cod after Barnstable. The terminal for the Steamship Authority ferries to Martha's Vineyard is located in the village of Woods Hole in Falmouth. Woods Hole also contains several scientific organizations such as the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL), the Woodwell Climate Research Center, NOAA's Woods Hole Science Aquarium, and the scientific institutions' various museums.

For geographic and demographic information on specific parts of the town of Falmouth, please see the articles on East Falmouth, Falmouth Village, North Falmouth, Teaticket, West Falmouth, and Woods Hole. Falmouth also encompasses the villages of Hatchville and Waquoit, which are not census-designated places and fall within the village of East Falmouth based on postal service.
National Union of Workers
The National Union of Workers was an Australian trade union from 1989 to 2019. The union covered workers in various industries and was one of the most powerful unions in the Australian Labor Party and its national Labor Right faction. In 2019, it merged with United Voice to form the United Workers Union.

United Voice
United Voice was an Australian trade union from 1992 to 2019. It merged with the National Union of Workers to form the United Workers Union in 2019. United Voice was part of the Labor Left faction of the Australian Labor Party.

The union was established in 1992 as the Liquor, Hospitality and Miscellaneous Union, following the merge of the Federated Miscellaneous Workers' Union of Australia and Federated Liquor and Allied Industries Employees' Union of Australia. It was renamed United Voice from 1 March 2011.
Latency (band)
Latency (Korean: 레이턴시, stylized in all caps) is a South Korean girl band under Oddinary Records. They debuted on January 8, 2026 with the single "It Was Love". The band consists of five members: Heeyeon, Jeewon, Haeun, Hyunjin, and Semi. The group's members are known for previous experience in the South Korean entertainment industry; Jeewon, Haeun, and Semi are former members of Cignature, Hyunjin is a member of Loona and Loossemble, and Heeyeon is a Youtuber under the name Fingerstylish.

Cignature
Cignature (Korean: 시그니처; commonly stylized in all lowercase) was a South Korean girl group composed of Chaesol, Jeewon, Seline, Chloe, Belle, Semi, and Dohee. Formed by C9 Entertainment and managed under their exclusive girl group sub-label J9 Entertainment, the group made their debut on February 4, 2020, with their debut single "Nun Nu Nan Na". The group officially disbanded on December 3, 2024.
Brunei Premier League
The Brunei Premier League (Malay: Liga Perdana Brunei) is the second tier of the football pyramid of Brunei. It was Brunei's top-tier football league until 2012, when the Brunei Super League was created. The Premier League falls under the management of the National Football Association of Brunei Darussalam.

Brunei Super League
The Brunei Super League (abbr: BSL; Malay: Liga Super Brunei  – LSB) is a professional league for men's association football in the sultanate of Brunei Darussalam.  It is at the top tier of the Bruneian football league system, and it is managed by the Football Association of Brunei Darussalam (FABD).  The football clubs participating in this top-tier league need to pass a set of requirements and verification process, particularly related to professionalism and infrastructure feasibility.

The BSL championship winner will receive B$10,000 as prize money, in addition to a qualifying berth for the AFC Challenge League as Brunei's representative, provided that the winning club conforms to Asian Football Confederation (AFC) Club Licence criteria. The BSL runners-up will receive B$7,000.
Short ribs
Short ribs are a cut of beef taken from the brisket, chuck, plate, or rib areas of beef cattle. They consist of a short portion of the rib bone and the surrounding meat, which varies in thickness.  There are two major types of cuts:  the "flanken", which is cut across the bone and leaves the bone just .5 to 2 inches (1.3 to 5.1 cm) or less in length, and the "English", which is cut parallel to the bone and leaves the bone up to 6 inches (15 cm) in length. English cut short ribs may be served individually, or three or four may be served connected to one another (a style known as the "plate"). Short ribs are popular in many international cuisines.

Chuck steak
Chuck steak is a cut of beef and is part of the sub-prime cut known as the chuck.

The typical chuck steak is a rectangular cut, about 2.5 cm (1 inch) thick and containing parts of the shoulder bones of a cattle, and is often known as a "7-bone steak," as the shape of the shoulder bone in cross-section resembles the numeral '7'. This cut is usually grilled or broiled; a thicker version is sold as a "7-bone roast" or "chuck roast" and is usually cooked with liquid as a pot roast.

The bone-in chuck steak or roast is one of the more economical cuts of beef. In the United Kingdom, this part is commonly referred to as "braising steak". It is particularly popular for use as ground beef for its richness of flavor and balance of meat and fat.
Frecciargento
Frecciargento (Italian: [ˌfrettʃarˈdʒɛnto]; from freccia argento, "silver arrow") is a high-speed train of the Italian national train operator, Trenitalia, as one of its Le Frecce brands (along with Frecciarossa and Frecciabianca). The name was introduced in 2012; these trains were previously branded as Eurostar Italia. Frecciargento trains operate at speeds of up to 250 kilometres per hour (155 mph).

In May 2022, it was announced by Trenitalia's CEO Luigi Corradi that, starting from summer 2022, the Frecciargento brand will be phased out. The trains that operate as Frecciargento will be incorporated, with a change of livery, into the Frecciarossa service. However in November 2023, it has been announced that some Frecciabianca services will be upgraded to Frecciaargento, therefore keeping the brand for the time being.

Frecciarossa
Frecciarossa (Italian: [ˌfrettʃaˈrossa]; from freccia rossa, "red arrow") is a high-speed train of the Italian national train operator, Trenitalia, as well as a member of the train category Le Frecce. The name was introduced in 2008 after it had previously been known as Eurostar Italia. Frecciarossa trains operate at speeds of up to 300 km/h (190 mph). Frecciarossa is the premier service of Trenitalia and competes with italo, operated by Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori. Trenitalia also operates the sister brands Frecciargento and Frecciabianca for slower services.
Tekhnikum
A tekhnikum (Russian: техникум) is a type of secondary vocational school in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, as well as in modern Russia, Ukraine and some other post-Soviet states. The tekhnikums were (and are) to prepare educated workforce for various branches of industry, agriculture, construction, transport, and communications. The education level was intermediate, between ordinary school and higher education (universities, institutes). There were also tekhnikums for other occupations in the economy of the Soviet Union: artisans, tailors, salesmen, cooks, bookkeepers, etc.

The term was borrowed from 19th-century German education, where these kinds of school were called Technicum. In modern Russia many tekhnikums were renamed into "technical college", "technological college", "technical liceum", etc.

Technicum (German education)
In 19th century German education,  Technicum was a lower grade of vocational schools (lower than the polytechnical institute), with training of 2.5–4 years.

This term was borrowed in Poland (Technikum) and in Russia (Tekhnikum).
Saint-Jérôme line
Saint-Jérôme (also designated exo12, formerly known as Blainville–Saint-Jérôme and Montreal–Blainville) is a commuter rail service in Greater Montreal, Quebec. It is operated by Exo, the organization that operates the commuter rail network in Greater Montreal.

The Saint-Jérôme line was operated by the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) between 1882 and 1981. The line was not active until Exo's predecessor agency, the Agence Métropolitaine de transport (AMT), resumed passenger service in 1997.

There are 14 inbound and 14 outbound departures each weekday. There are six departures on Saturday and Sunday, although these trains terminate at De la Concorde, with connection to the Metro, instead of continuing to Parc in the off-peak or Lucien-L'Allier in the peak.

Parc station (Montreal)
Parc station (French pronunciation: [paʁk] ⓘ), also known as Park Avenue station and formerly Jean-Talon station ([ʒɑ̃ talɔ̃]), is a historic railway station building in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Its western end houses the Montreal Metro's Parc station, while businesses occupy the rest of the building. Although the main building no longer serves the railway, the Exo commuter rail Parc station is adjacent to it. It is located on Jean-Talon Street at the end of Park Avenue in the Park Extension neighbourhood of the borough of Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension.

The station was built by the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1931. Its traffic declined in the 1950s and it closed in 1984 when Via Rail transferred service to lines headed into Montreal Central Station. The City of Montreal purchased the building and the western end was converted as a metro station and the remainder of the building was adapted for business use. As of 2025, it houses a Joe Fresh outlet.
Beatriz Merino
Martha Beatriz Merino Lucero (born November 15, 1947) is a Peruvian lawyer, academic and politician who served as the first female Prime Minister of Peru, in 2003. She previously served as Senator and Congresswoman from 1990 until 2000. Following her tenure in Alejandro Toledo's cabinet, Merino was appointed by the Peruvian Congress as the national ombudswoman for Peru, serving from 2005 to 2011, a position officially known as the Public Defender, being the second to hold the position.

Prominently a female leading persona in Peru, Merino is currently a member of the Council of Women World Leaders, an international network of current and former women presidents and prime ministers whose mission is to mobilize the highest-level women leaders globally, for collective action on issues of critical importance to women and equitable development.

Peruvian ombudsman
The Ombudsman's Office of Peru is an autonomous constitutional organization created during the presidency of Alberto Fujimori that was added to the 1993 Constitution of Peru. It is based in the city of Lima, capital of Peru, and has representation throughout the Peruvian territory.
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (German: Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld) was one of the Saxon Duchies held by the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin.  Established in 1699, the Saxe-Coburg-Saalfield line lasted until the reshuffle of the Ernestine territories that occurred following the extinction of the Saxe-Gotha line in 1825, in which the Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld line received Gotha, but lost Saalfeld to Saxe-Meiningen.

Saxe-Meiningen
Saxe-Meiningen (/ˌsæks ˈmaɪnɪŋən/ SAKS MY-ning-ən; German: Sachsen-Meiningen [ˌzaksn̩ ˈmaɪnɪŋən]) was one of the Saxon duchies held by the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin, located in the southwest of the present-day German state of Thuringia.

Established in 1681, by partition of the Ernestine Duchy of Saxe-Gotha among the seven sons of deceased Duke Ernest the Pious, the Saxe-Meiningen line of the House of Wettin lasted until the end of the German monarchies in 1918.
Timor leaf warbler
The Timor leaf warbler (Phylloscopus presbytes) is a species of Old World warbler in the family Phylloscopidae. It is found on the islands of Timor and Flores in the Lesser Sunda Islands. Its closest relative is the Rote leaf warbler.

Leaf warbler
Leaf warblers are small insectivorous passerine birds belonging to the genus Phylloscopus.

Leaf warblers were formerly included in the Old World warbler family but are now considered to belong to the family Phylloscopidae, introduced in 2006. The family originally included the genus Seicercus, but all species have been moved to Phylloscopus in the most recent classification. Leaf warblers are active, constantly moving, often flicking their wings as they glean the foliage for insects along the branches of trees and bushes. They forage at various levels within forests, from the top canopy to the understorey. Most of the species are markedly territorial both in their summer and winter quarters. Most are greenish or brownish above and off-white or yellowish below. Compared to some other "warblers", their songs are very simple. Species breeding in temperate regions are usually strongly migratory.
Stockdale v Hansard
Stockdale v Hansard (1839) 9 Ad & El 1 is a United Kingdom constitutional law case in which the Parliament of the United Kingdom unsuccessfully challenged the common law of parliamentary privilege, leading to legislative reform.

Parliamentary privilege
Parliamentary privilege is a legal immunity enjoyed by members of certain legislatures, beginning at the end of the middle ages with the English Parliament and spreading throughout its colonies in the following centuries, in which legislators are granted protection against civil or criminal liability for actions done or statements made in the course of their legislative duties. It is common in countries whose constitutions are based on the Westminster system.
Lucius Cornelius Cinna
Lucius Cornelius Cinna (before 130 BC – early 84 BC) was a four-time consul of the Roman republic. Opposing Sulla's march on Rome in 88 BC, he was elected to the consulship of 87 BC, during which he engaged in an armed conflict – the Bellum Octavianum – with his co-consul, Gnaeus Octavius. Emerging victorious, Cinna initiated with his ally, Gaius Marius, the murders of their enemies. In the aftermath, he dominated the republic for the next three years, serving continuously as consul.

While his domination was not complete – he largely contented himself with securing the consulship for himself and allies – his political rule set a "crucial precedent" for later strongmen in the republic. Through 85 and 84 BC, he prepared for war against Sulla, who was soon to return from the First Mithridatic War. Cinna was killed by his own troops, who mutinied during his attempt to cross the Adriatic at Ancona early in 84 BC.

Gnaeus Octavius (consul 87 BC)
Gnaeus Octavius (died 87 BC) was a Roman senator who was elected consul of the Roman Republic in 87 BC alongside Lucius Cornelius Cinna. He died during the chaos that accompanied the capture of Rome by Cinna and Gaius Marius.
Arizona Airways
Arizona Airways was an Arizona intrastate airline that operated 1946–1948, making substantial losses. About the time it ceased operations, it was federally certificated as a local service carrier to fly smaller routes in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), the now-defunct US federal agency that at the time tightly regulated almost all air transportation in the United States. However, the company was unable to resume service and ultimately, as a non-operating airline, contributed its routes and other assets to a 1 June 1950 three-way merger with Monarch Air Lines and Challenger Airlines to create the original Frontier Airlines.

Challenger Airlines
Challenger Airlines was a local service carrier, a United States scheduled airline certificated to fly smaller routes by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), the now defunct US Federal agency that, at the time, tightly regulated almost all air transport. Challenger merged with two other local service carriers, Monarch Air Lines and Arizona Airways, in 1950 to form the first Frontier Airlines.