hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Di Chaliastre
Di Chaliastre or Khalyastre (די כאַליאַסטרע, from Polish "halastra" - gang) was a Jewish avant-garde expressionist-futuristic group of poets, who worked in Warsaw between 1919 and 1924. The poets wrote in Yiddish and published a namesake magazine.

The name of the group comes from the term Hillel Zeitlin used for them in the newspaper Der Moment. The group was formed around 1922 around M. Weichert's literary and artistic monthly magazine "Ringen", published since 1921. Its main contributors were Peretz Markish, Melech Ravitch and Uri Zvi Greenberg.

Poets Issac Kipnis, Moisei Khashevatsky, and David Hofstein also became a part of the group.

Peretz Markish
Peretz Davidovich Markish (Yiddish: פּרץ מאַרקיש) (Russian: Перец Давидович Маркиш) (7 December [O.S. 25 November] 1895 – 12 August 1952) was a Russian Jewish poet and playwright who wrote predominantly in Yiddish.
William Munk
William Munk, FRCP Archived 6 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine (September 1816 – 20 December 1898) was an English physician, now remembered for his work as a medical historian and "Munk's Roll", a biographical reference work on the Royal College of Physicians.

Munk's Roll
The Roll of the Royal College of Physicians of London, commonly referred to as Munk's Roll, is a series of published works containing biographical entries of the fellows of the Royal College of Physicians. It was published in print in eleven volumes (1861 to 2004) with a twelfth online (2005 to present). The series is now titled Inspiring Physicians (from 2020). The series has been informally known as Munk’s Roll, after the original compiler, for over a century. However, the formal name for the series of volumes (1-11) in print, is Lives of the Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians of London.
Gaius Calpurnius Piso (consul 67 BC)
Gaius Calpurnius Piso was a politician and general from the Roman Republic. He became praetor urbanus in 72/71 BC. After being elected consul in 67 BC, Piso opposed Pompeius' friends, the tribunes Gaius Cornelius and Aulus Gabinius. Assigned both Gallia Narbonensis and Gallia Cisalpina, he remained as proconsul until 65, or perhaps later in Cisalpina. Piso defeated an Allobrogian rebellion and repressed troubles in Transpadana, for which he was unsuccessfully prosecuted by Caesar. He supported Cicero during the Catiline conspiracy.

Allobroges
The Allobroges (Gaulish: *Allobrogis, 'foreigner, exiled'; Ancient Greek: Ἀλλοβρίγων, Ἀλλόβριγες) were a Gallic people dwelling in a large territory between the Rhône river and the Alps during the Iron Age and the Roman period.

The Allobroges came relatively late to Gaul compared to most other tribes of Gallia Narbonensis; they first appear in historical records in connection with Hannibal's crossing of the Alps in 218 BC. Their territory was subsequently annexed to Rome in 121 BC by Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus and Quintus Fabius Maximus Allobrogicus. An attempted revolt was crushed by Gaius Pomptinus in 61 BC. However, they had rejected the second Catilinarian conspiracy in 63 BC. During the Gallic Wars, the Allobroges did not side with Vercingetorix at the Battle of Alesia in 52 BC.
European Association of Periurban Parks
The European Association of Periurban Parks (FEDENATUR) is an association of natural, fluvial and agricultural parks located in metropolitan and periurban areas in Europe.   It is headquartered in the Serra de Collserola Natural Park in Barcelona.

FEDENATUR was created in 1997 after the 2nd Symposium on natural areas in periurban and metropolitan zones in Barcelona in 1995.  It was inspired by the Rio Earth Summit of 1992.

Conference participants decided to create a network of exchanges between periurban park managers on a European scale.
Over 75% of the European population lives in urban and periurban zones. Contrary to "national parks" usually located far from densely populated urban areas and designed exclusively for preservation, the natural areas in periurban zones have to protect biodiversity while being frequented by a larger public.

Peri-urbanisation
Peri-urbanisation relates to the processes of scattered and dispersive urban growth that create hybrid landscapes of fragmented and mixed urban and rural characteristics. Such areas may be referred to as the rural–urban fringe, the outskirts or the urban hinterland.
Clostridium butyricum
Clostridium butyricum is a strictly anaerobic endospore-forming Gram-positive butyric acid–producing bacillus subsisting by means of fermentation using an intracellularly accumulated amylopectin-like α-polyglucan (granulose) as a substrate. It is uncommonly reported as a human pathogen and is widely used as a probiotic in Japan, Korea, and China. C. butyricum is a soil inhabitant in various parts of the world, has been cultured from the stool of healthy children and adults, and is common in soured milk and cheeses. The connection with dairy products is shown by the name, the butyr- in butyricum reflects the relevance of butyric acid in the bacteria's metabolism and the connection with Latin butyrum and Greek βούτυρον, with word roots pertaining to butter and cheese.

Butyric acid
Butyric acid (/bjuːˈtɪrɪk/; from Ancient Greek: βούτῡρον, meaning "butter"), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2COOH. It is an oily, colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Isobutyric acid (2-methylpropanoic acid) is an isomer. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. The acid does not occur widely in nature, but its esters are widespread. It is a common industrial chemical and an important component in the mammalian gut.
Bruce effect
The Bruce effect, or pregnancy block, is the tendency for female rodents to terminate their pregnancies following exposure to the scent of an unfamiliar male. The effect was first noted in 1959 by Hilda M. Bruce, and has primarily been studied in laboratory mice (Mus musculus). In mice, pregnancy can only be terminated prior to embryo implantation, but other species will interrupt even a late-term pregnancy.

The Bruce effect is also observed in deer-mice, meadow voles, collared lemmings, and it has also been proposed, but not confirmed, in other non-rodent species such as lions and geladas.

Hilda Margaret Bruce
Hilda Margaret Bruce (5 April 1903 – 2 November 1974) was a British zoologist, best known for her discovery of the Bruce effect, a pheromonal behaviour observed in many rodent species. Her work on the control of fertility earned her the Oliver Bird Medal.
Rum Island (Tasmania)
Rum Island is a granite island, with an area of 13.5 ha, just south of Preservation Island in south-eastern Australia. It is part of Tasmania’s Preservation Island Group, lying in eastern Bass Strait south-west of Cape Barren Island in the Furneaux Group.  It is part of the Sydney Cove historic site.

Preservation Island
Preservation Island is a low and undulating granite and calcarenite island, with an area of 207 ha, in south-eastern Australia. It is part of Tasmania’s Preservation Island Group, lying in eastern Bass Strait south-west of Cape Barren Island in the Furneaux Group, and is an important historic site.
East 34th Street Ferry Landing
The East 34th Street Ferry Landing provides slips to ferries and excursion boats in the Port of New York and New Jersey. It is located on the East River in New York City east of the FDR Drive just north of East 34th Street in Midtown Manhattan. The facility, owned by the city, received Federal Highway Administration funding for improvements for docking facilities and upgrading the adjacent East River Greenway in 2008. A new terminal was built and completed in 2012.

Service is provided by Seastreak, which signs the landing as East 35th Street, and by NYC Ferry, which signs it as East 34th Street/Midtown. There is a M34 Select Bus Service bus stop adjacent to the ferry landing; the M15 local, M15 Select Bus Service and the M34A Select Bus Service have stops in the immediate vicinity at the intersection of First Avenue and East 34th Street. The East 34th Street Heliport is also on the waterfront south of the ferry landing.

Seastreak
Seastreak is a private ferry company operating in the Port of New York and New Jersey and in New England. It provides high-speed commuter service between points on the Raritan Bayshore in Monmouth County, New Jersey and in Manhattan in New York City as well as special event and sightseeing excursions in the harbor and seasonal service to the New England coast.
Sri Lanka Signals Corps
The Sri Lanka Signals Corps (SLSC) (Sinhalese: ශ්‍රී ලංකා සංඥා බලකාය Shri Lanka Sana Balakaya) is a combat support corps of the Sri Lanka Army, responsible for providing military communications, information technology and electronic warfare support. The corps is made up of two signals brigades, ten regular regiments and one volunteer regiment. It is responsible for installing, maintaining and operating all types of telecommunications equipment and information systems. It is headquartered at the Panagoda Cantonment.

Sri Lanka Army
The Sri Lanka Army (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා යුද්ධ හමුදාව, romanised: Śrî Langkâ Yudha Hamudâwa; Tamil: இலங்கை இராணுவம், romanised: Ilankai iraṇuvam) is the oldest and largest of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces. The army was officially established as the Ceylon Army in 1949, though the army traces its roots back to 1881 when Ceylon Light Infantry Volunteers was created; the army was renamed as the 'Sri Lanka Army' when Sri Lanka became a republic in 1972. In 2024, the Army had approximately 150,000 personnel.

The Army Headquarters is situated in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte; Commander of the Army is the highest appointment in the army who commands the army and is assisted by the Chief of Staff of the Army and Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army. The Commander-in-Chief of the Sri Lanka Armed Forces is the President of Sri Lanka, who heads the National Security Council through the Ministry of Defence, which is charged with formulating, executing defence policy and procurements for the armed forces.
Steve Gerber
Stephen Ross Gerber (/ˈɡɜːrbər/; September 20, 1947 – February 10, 2008) was an American comic book writer and creator of the satiric Marvel Comics character Howard the Duck. Other works include Man-Thing, Omega the Unknown, Marvel Spotlight: "Son of Satan", The Defenders, Marvel Presents: "Guardians of the Galaxy", Daredevil and Foolkiller. Gerber often included lengthy text pages in the midst of comic book stories, such as in his graphic novel, Stewart the Rat. Gerber was posthumously inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2010.

Daimon Hellstrom
Daimon Hellstrom, also known as the Son of Satan and Hellstorm, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

Daimon made his live action debut in the television series Helstrom, portrayed by Tom Austen.
52nd (London) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
52nd (London) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment was a volunteer air defence unit of Britain's Territorial Army from 1922 until 1961. In World War II it defended London during The Blitz and later served in the Burma Campaign.

53rd (City of London) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
53rd (City of London) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery was a volunteer air defence unit of Britain's Territorial Army from 1922 until 1961. During World War II it fought in the Battle of France and The Blitz, and later served in India, where it was converted to Medium Artillery. Postwar it reverted to the AA artillery role.
Caterpillar D11
The Caterpillar D11T is a large bulldozer introduced by Caterpillar Inc. in 1986 to replace its D10.  Weighing 248,500 pounds (112,700 kg), it is Caterpillar's largest and most powerful bulldozer. Mainly used in the mining industry, it is also employed to push-load scrapers, and rip rock overburden.  D11s are manufactured in East Peoria, Illinois.

Komatsu D575A
The Komatsu D575A is a 1,150 horsepower (860 kW) tractor crawler produced in a 'SR' or Super Ripper bulldozer/ripper configuration, or as a dedicated bulldozer in the form of the 'SD' or Super Dozer. Both models can move 90 cubic yards (69 m3) of material per pass using the standard blade. The D575A-3 SD Super Dozer can move 125 cubic yards (96 m3) of material per pass if equipped with an optional blade. The D575A-3 can dig to a maximum depth of 6 feet 9 inches (2.06 m) using its single-shank ripper.

Commonly referred to as the 'world's largest production bulldozer', the D575A series bulldozers were produced by Komatsu Ltd. in Osaka, Japan. Surface mine operators in the United States, Australia and Japan were the primary users of the D575A, although they were sometimes used in heavy construction applications and quarries as well.
Manley Laurence Power
Admiral Sir Manley Laurence Power, KCB, CBE, DSO & Bar, DL (10 January 1904 – 17 May 1981) was a Royal Navy admiral who fought in World War II as a captain and later rose to more senior ranks, including the NATO position Allied Commander-in-Chief, Channel. One of his chief accomplishments was leading the 26th Destroyer Flotilla into the Malacca Strait during Operation Dukedom to sink the Japanese cruiser Haguro.

Battle of the Malacca Strait
The Battle of the Malacca Strait, sometimes called the Sinking of Haguro, and in Japanese sources as the Battle off Penang (ペナン沖海戦), was a naval battle that resulted from the British search-and-destroy operation in May 1945, called Operation Dukedom, that resulted in the sinking of the Japanese cruiser Haguro. Haguro had been operating as a supply ship for Japanese garrisons in the Dutch East Indies and the Bay of Bengal since 9 April 1945.
Nick Mosby
Nicholas James Mosby (born 1978) is an American politician who was the president of the Baltimore City Council from 2020 to 2024. First elected to serve on the city council from 2011 to 2016, Mosby was subsequently appointed in 2017 to the Maryland House of Delegates, representing Baltimore City's 40th District. He was elected as Baltimore City Council president in November 2020, assuming the role in December of that year. Mosby ran for a second term in 2024, but was defeated in the Democratic primary by city councilmember Zeke Cohen.

Zeke Cohen
Ezekiel Berzoff-Cohen (born September 19, 1984) is an American politician who has served as the president of the Baltimore City Council since 2024. He previously represented the 1st district of the city council from 2016 to 2024.
Hurricane (British comics)
Hurricane was a weekly British comics periodical published by Fleetway Publications from 29 February 1964 to 8 May 1965. The title was billed as "the companion paper to Valiant" in reference to the weekly launched by Fleetway in 1962 that had rapidly become one of the company's best-selling publications. However, while Valiant would run until 1976, Hurricane was less successful and lasted just over a year before being merged with Tiger in 1965.

Tiger (British comics)
Tiger was a weekly British comics periodical published by Amalgamated Press, Fleetway Publications and IPC Magazines from 11 September 1954 to 30 March 1985. The title was initially launched in a large tabloid size to mimic newspapers; while it featured some action-adventure stories Tiger contained a large number of sport strips. The most famous of these was "Roy of the Rovers", which debuted in the first issue and was the comic's most popular feature, eventually transferring to its own comic in 1975. Tiger would go on to become one of the company's longest-running titles, with 1,573 issues published before being merged with Eagle in 1985. Over the course of its run, Tiger featured columns by numerous famous sports figures, including Ian Botham, Geoff Boycott, Tony Greig, Trevor Francis and Charlie Nicholas.
Théodore Deck
Joseph-Théodore Deck (2 January 1823 – 15 May 1891) was a 19th-century French potter, an important figure in late 19th-century art pottery. Born in Guebwiller, Haut-Rhin, he began learning the trade in his early 20s, moving to Paris at age 24. In 1856 he established his own faience (earthenware) workshop, Joseph-Théodore Deck Ceramique Française, and began to experiment with styles from Islamic pottery, and in particular the Iznik style.

When Japonisme arrived in the 1870s he embraced this and other art pottery trends with enthusiasm, finally conquering the French establishment when he was made art director of Sèvres porcelain in 1887.  Several important figures from the next generation were trained by Deck, including Edmond Lachenal.

In the 1880s he also worked in the Chinese pottery tradition, also collaborating with Raphaël Collin, and other artists of the time. He died in Paris.  In 1887 he published a treatise under the title La Faïence, which is available in facsimile online.

Raphaël Collin
Louis-Joseph-Raphaël Collin (French pronunciation: [lwi ʒozɛf ʁafaɛl kɔlɛ̃]; 17 June 1850 – 21 October 1916) was a French painter born and raised in Paris, where he became a prominent academic painter and a teacher.  He is principally known for the links he created between French and Japanese art, in both painting and ceramics.
Vera Sessina
Vera Valeryevna Sessina (Russian: Вера Валерьевна Сесина, born 23 February 1986) is a Russian individual rhythmic gymnast. She is the 2007 World All-around silver medalist, the 2006 European All-around Champion, two time (2006, 2005) Grand Prix Final All-around champion and three time (2008, 2007, 2003) Grand Prix Final All-around silver medalist. She was known for her high releve during her pivot.

Olga Kapranova
Olga Sergeyevna Kapranova (Russian: Ольга Серге́евна Капра́нова; born 6 December 1987) is a Russian retired individual rhythmic gymnast. She is the 2005 World all-around champion, the 2007 World all-around bronze medalist, the 2008 European all-around bronze medalist, a two-time (2007, 2008) Grand Prix Final all-around champion, a two-time (2004, 2006) Grand Prix Final all-around silver medalist and the 2005 Grand Prix Final all-around bronze medalist.

In the fall of 2024, the various Russian gymnastics federations were restructured into one Russian Rhythmic Gymnastics Federation for all disciplines, and Kapranova became the representative for rhythmic gymnastics.
Scarborough Bluffs
The Scarborough Bluffs, also known as The Bluffs, is an escarpment in the Scarborough district of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. There are nine parks along the bluffs, with Bluffers Park being the only one with a beach. Forming much of the eastern portion of Toronto's waterfront, the Scarborough Bluffs stands above the shoreline of Lake Ontario. At its highest point, the escarpment rises 90 metres (300 ft) above the coastline and spans a length of 15 kilometres (9.3 mi).

Toronto waterfront
The Toronto waterfront is the lakeshore of Lake Ontario in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It spans 46 kilometres between the mouth of Etobicoke Creek in the west and the Rouge River in the east.
Oxygene (EP)
Oxygene is the debut extended play by Nigerian singer-songwriter Oxlade. It was released on 27 March 2020, through Troniq Music, and The Plug Entertainment. The extended play featured guest appearance from Moelogo.

The EP combines elements from R&B, and Afropop with Neo-soul percussive rhythms. Oxygene received favorable reviews from critics, as Motolani Alake for Pulse Nigeria said "This review should have dropped two days ago, but I did not feel ready or convinced by my cynicism and idea that this EP was underwhelming. So, I deleted the first review I wrote. At the same time, I was scared that my favouritism towards the artist was clouding my judgement, so I wrote another review - a harsh one. Again, I deleted it."

On 29 August 2020, P.M. News included Oxygene on its list of the top six Nigerian albums/extended playlists this year.

Oxlade (singer)
Ikuforiji Olaitan Abdulrahmanlistenⓘ (born 22 April 1997), known professionally as Oxlade, is a Nigerian singer and songwriter signed to Troniq Music, Epic Records in France, and Columbia Records in the UK. He rose to prominence with the release of the song "Away", which appeared on Rolling Stone's 50 best songs of 2020. After the success of his 2022 single "Ku Lo Sa", Oxlade was named Pandora Africa's Next Artist in July 2022.
Old Man of the South Pole
The Old Man of the South Pole (Chinese & Japanese: 南極老人), also called the Old Immortal of the South Pole (Chinese: 南極仙翁), Xian of Longevity (Chinese: 壽仙), or Star of Longevity (壽星; shòuxīng), is the Taoist deification of Canopus, the brightest star of the constellation Carina. He is typically portrayed with long white hair and beard, a protruding forehead and a healthy pink complexion. His right hand often holds a peach and left hand a walking staff with a calabash gourd, which is said to contain the elixir of life. He can also be portrayed as riding a crane or a deer, often accompanied by disciples.

He is one of the symbols of happiness and longevity in Far Eastern culture.

Peaches of Immortality
In Chinese mythology, Peaches of Immortality (Chinese: 仙桃; pinyin: xiāntáo; Cantonese Yale: sīn tòuh or Chinese: 蟠桃; pinyin: pántáo; Cantonese Yale: pùhn tòuh) are consumed by the immortals due to their mystic virtue of conferring longevity on all who eat them. Peaches symbolizing immortality (or the wish for a long and healthy life) are a common symbol in Chinese art, appearing in depictions or descriptions in a number of fables, paintings, and other forms of art, often in association with thematically similar iconography, such as certain deities or immortals or other symbols of longevity, such as deer or cranes.
Veps National Volost
61°22′15″N 35°21′29″E﻿ / ﻿61.3708°N 35.3581°E﻿ / 61.3708; 35.3581

Veps National Volost (Russian: Ве́псская национа́льная во́лость, Vepsskaya natsionalnaya volost; Veps: Vepsän rahvahaline volost’) was a municipal autonomy (a volost) of North Vepses  in Prionezhsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia during 1996-2004.  Its center was the village of Shyoltozero.

Shyoltozero
Shyoltozero (Russian: Шёлтозеро, IPA: [ˈʂoltəzʲɪrə]; Veps: Šoutjärv’; Karelian: Šoutjärvi; Finnish: Soutjärvi) is a rural locality (a selo) in Prionezhsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located close to the shore of Lake Onega, 84 kilometers (52 mi) south of Petrozavodsk, the capital of the republic. Shyoltozero is the cultural center of the north Veps people, and during 1994–2004 it was the territorial center of Veps National Volost.
Spime
Spime is a neologism for a futuristic object, characteristic to the Internet of Things, that can be tracked through space and time throughout its lifetime. They are essentially virtual master objects that can, at various times, have physical incarnations of themselves. An object can be considered a spime when all of its essential information is stored in the cloud. Bruce Sterling sees spimes as coming through the convergence of six emerging technologies, related to both the manufacturing process for consumer goods, and through identification and location technologies. Depending on context, the term "spime" can refer to both—the archetype, as designed by the developer, or a user-specific instance of it.

Bruce Sterling
Michael Bruce Sterling (born April 14, 1954) is an American science fiction author known for his novels and short fiction and editorship of the Mirrorshades anthology. In particular, he is linked to the cyberpunk subgenre.

Sterling's first science-fiction story, "Man-Made Self", was sold in 1976.  He is the author of science-fiction novels, including Schismatrix (1985), Islands in the Net (1988), and Heavy Weather (1994). In 1992, he published his first non-fiction book, The Hacker Crackdown: Law and Disorder on the Electronic Frontier.

He has been interviewed for documentaries such as Freedom Downtime, TechnoCalyps and Traceroute.