hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SWsoft
SWsoft was a privately held server automation and virtualization software company and the parent company of Parallels. SWsoft developed software for running data centers, particularly for web-hosting services companies, application service providers, and managed service providers. SWsoft products included applications for operating system-level virtualization, which enables users to run multiple operating systems, including Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, and Solaris, on a single computer.

The company was founded in 1997 and maintained its headquarters in Herndon, Virginia, with additional offices throughout North America, Europe, and Asia. Its research and development offices were located in Moscow, Russia, and it had sales offices in Germany and Singapore.

In December 2007, SWsoft announced its plans to change its name to Parallels in 2008 and ship its products under the Parallels brand name.

Parallels (company)
Parallels International GmbH is a software company based in Bellevue, Washington. It is involved in the development of virtualization software for MacOS. The company has over 800 employees and offices in 14 countries, including the United States, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Japan, China, Spain, Malta, Australia, and Mauritius
Julius Baer Group
Julius Baer Group Ltd. (German: Julius Bär Gruppe AG) is a Swiss multinational private banking and financial services firm headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland. Specializing in wealth management, investment advisory services, real estate financing, and selective trading services, it is one of the world’s largest dedicated private banks, with CHF 497.4 billion in managed  assets as of 2024. It  is listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (ticker: BAER) and is a constituent of the Swiss Market Index Mid (SMI MID).

Founded in 1890, the bank originated as a family-run exchange office and later evolved into a public company. It operates in 28 countries and employs more than 7,500 staff globally. Julius Baer is noted for its traditional Swiss banking values, including a strong emphasis on client confidentiality.

In recent years, the company's reputation has been impacted by several legal and regulatory controversies.

Julius Baer Group controversies
Julius Baer Group, a Swiss private banking group, has faced numerous controversies over its business practices, raising concerns about the bank's ethical practices and regulatory compliance. These controversies have prompted calls for increased transparency and accountability within the banking industry. The Julius Baer Group, founded in the late 19th century by Julius Baer, has traditionally adhered to Swiss-style banking secrecy, which has come under scrutiny by investigators in the United States and Europe for potentially aiding tax evasion by clients.
Lje
Lje, or Lle (Љ љ; italics: Љ љ; also called lye) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

Lje represents a palatal lateral /ʎ/, a sound similar (but not identical) to the palatalized alveolar lateral approximant /lʲ/, which is in some languages represented by the digraph ⟨ль⟩ and pronounced /lʲ/ like the ⟨ll⟩ in "million". Compare Latvian ⟨ļ⟩, Slovak ⟨ľ⟩, Hungarian ⟨ly⟩, Portuguese ⟨lh⟩, Spanish ⟨ll⟩ and Italian ⟨gl⟩.

Lje is a ligature of ⟨л⟩ and ⟨ь⟩. It was invented by Vuk Stefanović Karadžić for use in his 1818 dictionary, replacing the earlier digraph ⟨ль⟩. It corresponds to the digraph ⟨ǈ⟩ in Gaj's Latin alphabet for Serbo-Croatian.

It is today used in Macedonian, variants of Serbo-Croatian when written in Cyrillic (Bosnian, Montenegrin and Serbian), and Itelmen.

It was also once used in the Udege language, in the Lithuanian Cyrillic alphabet, and in the Albanian Cyrillic alphabet.

Lje is commonly transliterated as lj but can also be transliterated as ľ, or ļ.

El (Cyrillic)
El (Л л; italics: Л л or Л л; italics: Л л) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

El commonly represents the alveolar lateral approximant /l/. In Slavic languages it may be either palatalized or slightly velarized; see below.
Mark Achbar
Mark Achbar (born 1955) is a Canadian filmmaker, best known for The Corporation (2003), Manufacturing Consent: Noam Chomsky and the Media (1992), and as an Executive Producer on over a dozen feature documentaries.

Manufacturing Consent (film)
Manufacturing Consent: Noam Chomsky and the Media is a 1992 documentary film that explores the political life and ideas of linguist, intellectual, and political activist Noam Chomsky.   Filmmakers Mark Achbar and Peter Wintonick expand the analysis of capitalism and mass media presented in Manufacturing Consent, a 1988 book Chomsky wrote with Edward S. Herman.
Hospital Universitario San Ignacio
The Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (HUSI) is a 4th level university hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. It is located within campus of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and is home to this school's faculties of Medicine, Nursing and Dentistry. The hospital serves nearly all fields in medical expertise and has been home to several recognised physicians including neurologist Rodolfo Llinás and anesthesiologist Alejandro Jadad. Its ample resources and serving the Downtown and northeast areas of the capital city make it an important referral centre in all fields.

Pontifical Xavierian University Faculty of Medicine
The Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Faculty of Medicine in Bogotá, Colombia is one of the leading medical schools in Colombia and Latin America. Its structure lies within the campus of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and most practice takes place at its university hospital, the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (HUSI). In the past 75 years the faculty has been home to many remarkable Colombian physicians and scientists known locally and internationally.
Indian wild ass
The Indian wild ass (Equus hemionus khur), also called the Indian wild donkey, Indian onager or, in the local Gujarati language, Ghudkhur and Khur, is a subspecies of the onager native to South Asia.

It is currently listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN. In the wild the species is found only in the Indian state of Gujarat, where it is protected under the Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary. In 2024, there were 7,672 wild asses up from 720 in 1976.

Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary
The Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary, or Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary, is located in the Little Rann of Kutch in the state of Gujarat, India, spread over an area of 4954 km².

The Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary was established under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 as one of the last bastions for the endangered Indian wild ass (Equus hemionus khur)—called khur or godhkhur in the Gujarati language—, a southern subspecies of E. hemionus, the Asiatic wild ass (or onager).
Honey (2003 film)
Honey is a 2003 American dance film directed by Billie Woodruff. It stars Jessica Alba, Mekhi Phifer, Romeo Miller, Joy Bryant, and David Moscow, with a cameo by Missy Elliott and featured performances by Tweet, Sheek Louch, Jadakiss, Ginuwine, and Blaque.

Bille Woodruff
Bille Woodruff is a director of film, television and music videos, noted for directing many videos for a number of R&B and hip-hop artists since the mid-1990s. These artists include Joe, for whom Woodruff has directed 9 music videos since 1994, and Toni Braxton, with whom he has worked 10 times since 1996. Woodruff directed the videos for some of Braxton's biggest singles, including "Un-Break My Heart", "You're Makin' Me High", and "He Wasn't Man Enough".
Foswiki
Foswiki is an enterprise wiki, typically used to run a collaboration platform, knowledge base or document management system. Users can create wiki applications using the Topic Markup Language (TML), and developers can extend its functionality with plugins.

The Foswiki project was launched in October 2008 when a dispute about the future direction of TWiki could not be settled, resulting in the decision of nearly all key TWiki contributors to fork. Since then the codebases have diverged significantly. However, Foswiki continues to maintain compatibility with content written for TWiki. Foswiki stands for "free and open source" wiki to emphasize its commitment to open source software. The project is governed by the Foswiki Association e.V, a volunteer run, non-profit foundation.

The Foswiki website is seen by some as one of the more popular Perl-related websites based upon Alexa rankings of all websites in the world.

Wiki software
Wiki software (also known as a wiki engine or a wiki application) is collaborative software that runs a wiki, which allows the users to create and collaboratively edit pages or entries via a web browser. A wiki system is usually a web application that runs on one or more web servers. The content, including previous revisions, is usually stored in either a file system or a database. Wikis are a type of web content management system, and the most commonly supported off-the-shelf software that web hosting facilities offer.

There are dozens of actively maintained wiki engines. They vary in the platforms they run on,  the programming language they were developed in, whether they are open-source or proprietary, their support for natural language characters and conventions, and their assumptions about technical versus social control of editing.
Disney's Wilderness Lodge
Disney's Wilderness Lodge is a resort hotel located at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida. Opened on May 28, 1994, the resort is owned and operated by Disney Parks, Experiences, and Products. Disney's Wilderness Lodge is located in the Magic Kingdom Resort Area on Bay Lake. The resort is located near Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground. A similarly themed resort, Disney's Grand Californian Hotel & Spa, is located at the Disneyland Resort in California.

There are two Disney Vacation Club properties located at Disney's Wilderness Lodge. The Boulder Ridge Villas at Disney's Wilderness Lodge opened on November 15, 2000. The Copper Creek Villas & Cabins at Disney's Wilderness Lodge opened on July 17, 2017.

Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground
Disney's Fort Wilderness Resort & Campground is a themed camping resort located in the Magic Kingdom Resort Area at the Walt Disney World Resort, adjacent to Bay Lake, near Disney's Wilderness Lodge. It opened in November 1971. It also formerly contained Disney's River Country, a water park which closed on November 2, 2001.

From late 1973 to early 1980, the Fort Wilderness Railroad, a 3.5-mile (5.6 km), 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow-gauge heritage railroad, provided transportation to the resort's various campsites, as well as to the nearby River Country water park.

A new Disney Vacation Club tower, Disney Lakeshore Lodge, is set to open along the shores of Bay Lake at Fort Wilderness in 2027.
Squamulea
Squamulea is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 15 species. The genus was circumscribed in 2013 by Ulf Arup, Ulrik Søchting, and Patrik Frödén, with Squamulea subsoluta assigned as the type species. Five species were included in the original account of the genus. The genus name alludes to the squamulose growth form of most of its species. Squamulea has a worldwide distribution; when the genus was originally created, the centre of distribution was thought to be in southwestern North America.

Squamulea subsoluta
Squamulea subsoluta is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), squamulose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It was first formally described by Finnish lichenologist William Nylander in 1873, who named it as a variety of Lecanora murorum. He promoted it to species status three years later, as Lecanora subsoluta. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred the taxon to the genus Squamulea in 2013, following a molecular phylogenetics-based restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae.
Hanriot
Aéroplanes Hanriot et Cie. or simply 'Hanriot'  was a French aircraft manufacturer with roots going back to the beginning of aviation. Founded by René Hanriot in 1910 as The Monoplans Hanriot Company Ltd., the company survived in different forms until 1916 when it established itself with the Hanriot-Dupont (HD.) fighters and observation aircraft. The company lasted through several takeovers and structural changes until, in 1936, it merged with Farman to become the Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Centre (SNCAC). 'Central Air Works' consortium.

Hanriot aeroplanes included pre-war monoplanes with boat-like fuselages, the HD.1 and 2 World War I biplane fighters, the HD.14 trainer, and the H.220 series of twin-engined heavy fighters that eventually evolved into the SNCAC 600 fighter just before World War II.,

The company's main bases of operations were Bétheny (a suburb of Reims) Boulogne-Billancourt, Carrières-sur-Seine and Bourges.

SNCAC
SNCAC (the Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Centre, sometimes known as Aérocentre) was a French aircraft manufacturer. SNCAC was created by the nationalisation of the Farman Aviation Works and Hanriot firms in 1936.

The company had a manufacturing facility in Boulogne-Billancourt which was damaged by Allied bombing on 3 March 1942.

It was liquidated in 1949, with assets distributed between SNCAN, SNCASO, and SNECMA, all of which were nationalised firms.
Gerry Harvey
Gerry Harvey (born 18 September 1939) is an Australian entrepreneur best known for being the executive chairman of Harvey Norman Holdings, a company which runs Australian retail chain Harvey Norman. He co-founded it with Ian Norman in 1982.

Harvey Norman
Harvey Norman is an Australian multinational retailer of furniture, bedding, computers, communications and consumer electrical products. It mainly operates as a franchise, with the main brand and all company-operated stores owned by ASX-listed Harvey Norman Holdings Limited.

As of 2025, there are 316 company-owned and franchised stores across Oceania, Europe and South-East Asia. Operating under the Harvey Norman, Domayne and Joyce Mayne brands in Australia, and as Harvey Norman overseas.
Melissa Villaseñor
Melissa Anne Villaseñor (/ˌviːjəsɪnˈjɔːr/ VEE-yə-sin-YOR; born October 9, 1987) is an American comedian, actress, musician and illustrator. First garnering attention for her stand-up shows and impressions, Villaseñor found wider success when she was hired to join the cast of the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live ahead of the show's 42nd season in 2016. She then departed SNL at the end of the 47th season in 2022, after six seasons as a cast member.

Saturday Night Live season 42
The forty-second season of the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live premiered on October 1, 2016, during the 2016–2017 television season, with host Margot Robbie and musical guest The Weeknd, and concluded on May 20, 2017, with host Dwayne Johnson and musical guest Katy Perry. The season removed two commercial breaks per episode in order to increase programming time. Episode 18 on April 15, 2017, was the first episode to be broadcast live in all four time zones within the contiguous United States. Until this episode, the show aired live only in the Eastern and Central time zones, and was tape-delayed in the Mountain and Pacific time zones.
177th Tunnelling Company
The 177th Tunnelling Company was one of the tunnelling companies of the Royal Engineers created by the British Army during World War I. The tunnelling units were occupied in offensive and defensive mining involving the placing and maintaining of mines under enemy lines, as well as other underground work such as the construction of deep dugouts for troop accommodation, the digging of subways, saps (a narrow trench dug to approach enemy trenches), cable trenches and  underground chambers for signals and medical services.

175th Tunnelling Company
The 175th Tunnelling Company was one of the tunnelling companies of the Royal Engineers created by the British Army during World War I. The tunnelling units were occupied in offensive and defensive mining involving the placing and maintaining of mines under enemy lines, as well as other underground work such as the construction of deep dugouts for troop accommodation, the digging of subways, saps (a narrow trench dug to approach enemy trenches), cable trenches and underground chambers for signals and medical services.
Continental Europe Synchronous Area
The Continental Europe Synchronous Area (CESA), formerly known as the UCTE grid, is one of the largest synchronous electrical grids in the world, primarily operating in Europe. It is interconnected as a single phase-locked 50 Hz mains frequency electricity grid that supplies over 400 million customers in 32 countries, including most of the European Union. In 2009, 667 GW of production capacity was connected to the grid, providing approximately 80 GW of operating reserve margin. The transmission system operators operating this grid formed the Union for the Coordination of Transmission of Electricity (UCTE), now part of the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E).

Synchronous grid of Northern Europe
The Nordic regional group (formerly NORDEL) of ENTSO-E is a synchronous electrical grid composed of the electricity grids of Norway, Sweden, Finland and the eastern part of the electricity sector in Denmark (Zealand with islands and Bornholm). The grid is not synchronized with the Continental Europe Synchronous Area, but has several non-synchronous DC connections with that as well as other synchronous grids. Gotland is not synchronized with the Swedish mainland either, as it is connected by HVDC. The grid also has HVDC submarine power cable links with the Baltic States.
Julienne Bušić
Julienne Bušić (pronounced [bûʃitɕ]; born Julienne Eden Schultz; September 20, 1948) is an American writer, activist, and the widow and co-conspirator of Zvonko Bušić. She was arrested with Bušić in 1976 after hijacking TWA Flight 355 and sentenced to life in prison, with early parole.

TWA Flight 355
Trans World Airlines Flight 355 was a domestic Trans World Airlines flight that was hijacked on September 10, 1976, by five "Fighters for Free Croatia", a group seeking Croatian independence from Yugoslavia.
Survival (manga)
Survival (Japanese: サバイバル) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Takao Saito. It was serialized in Shogakukan's shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Sunday from September 1976 to December 1980, with its chapters collected in 22 tankōbon volumes. A Remake titled Survival: Shōnen S no Kiroku, illustrated by Akira Miyagawa serialized in DeNA's manga app Manga Box from May 2015 to November 2016.

Takao Saito
Takao Saito (Japanese: 齊藤 隆夫（さいとう・たかを）, Hepburn: Saitō Takao; November 3, 1936 – September 24, 2021) was a Japanese manga artist, although he rejected the term and considered his work gekiga. He was best known for Golgo 13, which has been serialized in Big Comic since 1968, making it the oldest manga still in publication. Golgo 13 holds the Guinness World Record for "Most volumes published for a single manga series" and, in accordance with Saito's wishes, it continues to be serialized following his death from pancreatic cancer in September 2021. Saito won several awards in his 66-year career, including the Shogakukan Manga Award twice, and received the Medal with Purple Ribbon and Order of the Rising Sun from the Japanese government for his contributions to the arts.
Marshall Mountains
The Marshall Mountains (84°37′S 164°30′E﻿ / ﻿84.617°S 164.500°E﻿ / -84.617; 164.500﻿ (Marshall Mountains)) are a group of mountains overlooking Beardmore Glacier in the Queen Alexandra Range, Antarctica. They are bounded on the north by Berwick Glacier, and on the south by Swinford Glacier.

Beardmore Glacier
The Beardmore Glacier in Antarctica is one of the largest valley glaciers in the world, being 200 km (125 mi) long and having a width of 40 km (25 mi).
It descends about 2,200 m (7,200 ft) from the Antarctic Plateau to the Ross Ice Shelf and is bordered by the Commonwealth Range of the Queen Maud Mountains on the eastern side and the Queen Alexandra Range of the Central Transantarctic Mountains on the western.
Its mouth is east of the Lennox-King Glacier.
It is northwest of the Ramsey Glacier.
Abdallah ibn Hamdan
Abu'l-Hayja Abdallah ibn Hamdan (Arabic: أبو الهيجاء عبد الله بن حمدان; died 929) was an early member of the Hamdanid dynasty, who served the Abbasid Caliphate as a military commander and governor of Mosul (in 905/06–913/14, 914/15, and again in 925–29). Esteemed for his qualities, he was involved in the court intrigues at Baghdad, and played a leading role in the brief usurpation of al-Qahir in February 929, during which he was killed. His sons, Nasir al-Dawla and Sayf al-Dawla, went on to found the Hamdanid emirates of Mosul and Aleppo.

Hamdanid dynasty
The Hamdanid dynasty (Arabic: الحمدانيون, romanized: al-Ḥamdāniyyūn) was a Shia Muslim Arab dynasty  that ruled modern day Northern Mesopotamia and Syria (890–1004). They descended from the ancient Banu Taghlib tribe of Mesopotamia and Arabia.
Osei Kofi Tutu I
Osei Kofi Tutu I (c. 1660 – c. 1717) was one of the founders of the Ashanti Empire, assisted by Okomfo Anokye, his chief priest. He led an alliance of Asante states against Denkyira, the regional hegemon, defeating them at the 1701 Battle of Feyiase. He ruled the Kwaman State between c.1680 and 1701 and the Ashanti Empire from 1701 to 1717. As Asantehene, he incorporated a number of Akan states into the growing empire, and established the institutions of government that underpinned the state for nearly 200 years.

Battle of Feyiase
The Battle of Feyiase was the decisive battle in the struggle that led to the Ashanti Empire replacing Denkyira as the dominant power among the Twi-speaking Akan peoples.

During the battle, the Denkyira army deployed 2 or 3 Dutch cannons while the Ashanti had limited access to firearms. Prior to this battle the Denkyirahene Ntim Gyakari believed he was doing well in the war, having driven the Ashanti forces from Adunku, Abuontem and Aputuogya.  However, this was all part of Osei Tutu's plan to ambush the Denkyira troops at Feyiase.

At Feyiase, the full force of the Asante fell upon the Denkyiran army, and they were routed. Ntim Gyakari was killed by the people of Adunku from Asante Feyiase and Denkyira's cannons were captured by the Ashanti. Denkyira's hegemony was broken at Feyiase Akoyem. Feyiase Akoyem is now a part of Bosomtwe District which lies between Aputuogya and Esereso where the war ended.
Dick Daniels
Richard Bernard Daniels (born October 19, 1944) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive back in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys and Chicago Bears. He played college football for the Pacific Boxers.

Pacific University
Pacific University is a private university in Forest Grove, Oregon, United States. Founded in 1849 as the Tualatin Academy, the original Forest Grove campus is 23 miles (37 km) west of Portland. The school maintains one other campus, in Hillsboro, and an office in Portland, and has an enrollment of more than 3,000 students. The university has Oregon's only optometry school, and offers doctorates in 14 programs. Pacific competes in NCAA Division III as part of the Northwest Conference, with its teams known as the Boxers.