hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ESCP Business School
ESCP Business School (French: École Supérieure de Commerce de Paris; English: Upper Business School of Paris) is a French business school and grande école founded in Paris and based across Europe with campuses in Paris, Berlin, London, Madrid, Turin, and Warsaw. Established in 1819, it is considered the world's oldest business school. ESCP Business School runs BSc, MBA, Executive MBA, master's degree programs in finance and management, executive education programs, and PhD programs.

It is, along with HEC and ESSEC, a member of the Parisiennes, an informal term designating the three most prestigious business schools in France.

HEC Paris
HEC Paris (French: École des hautes études commerciales de Paris, lit. 'Paris School of Advanced Business Studies') is a business school and grande école located in Jouy-en-Josas, a southwestern outer suburb of Paris, France. It offers Bachelor, MiM, MSc in International Finance, MBA, EMBA, executive education, professional development, professional certification, and PhD programs.
Dunette
Dunette (30 March 1976 – 25 April 1998) was a French Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. In three seasons of racing she won five of her thirteen races and twice defeated the outstanding racemare Three Troikas. As a two-year-old she showed considerable promise by winning two of her three races including the Prix d'Aumale. In the following year she was beaten by Three Troikas in her first two races before springing a 50/1 upset over her great rival in the Prix de Diane. As a four-year-old she dead-heated for first place in the Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud and successfully conceded weight to Three Troikas in the Prix du Prince d'Orange. She was rated the second-best filly of her generation in Europe in both 1979 and 1980. After her retirement from racing she had some success as a broodmare, producing the Canadian International Stakes winner French Glory.

Three Troikas
Three Troikas (foaled 1976) was a French Thoroughbred champion racehorse owned, trained and raced by three members of the famous Head family. The highlight of her career came in the 1979 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, where she defeated the Derby winner Troy. She was crowned European champion three-year-old the same year.
Cleveland Hills
The Cleveland Hills are a range of hills on the north-west edge of the North York Moors in North Yorkshire, England, overlooking Cleveland and Teesside. They lie entirely within the boundaries of the North York Moors National Park. Part of the 110-mile (177 km) long Cleveland Way National Trail runs along the hills, and they are also crossed by a section of Wainwright's Coast to Coast Walk. The hills, which rise abruptly from the flat Tees Valley to the north, include distinctive landmarks such as the cone-shaped peak of Roseberry Topping, near the village of Great Ayton – childhood home of Captain James Cook.

North York Moors
The North York Moors is an upland area and national park in North Yorkshire, England. It contains one of the largest expanses of heather moorland in the United Kingdom.

The area was designated a national park in 1952, through the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. The park covers an area of 554 sq mi (1,430 km2), and had a population of 22,935 at the 2021 census. It is administered by the North York Moors National Park Authority, which is based in Helmsley.
AES47
AES47 is a standard which describes a method for transporting AES3 professional digital audio streams over Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks.

The Audio Engineering Society (AES) published AES47 in 2002. The method described by AES47 is also published by the International Electrotechnical Commission as IEC 62365.

Audio Engineering Society
The Audio Engineering Society (AES) is a professional body for engineers, scientists, other individuals with an interest or involvement in the professional audio industry. The membership largely comprises engineers developing devices or products for audio, and persons working in audio content production. It also includes acousticians, audiologists, academics, and those in other disciplines related to audio. The AES is the only worldwide professional society devoted exclusively to audio technology.

Established in 1948, the Society develops, reviews and publishes engineering standards for the audio and related media industries, and produces the AES Conventions, which are held twice a year alternating between Europe and the US. The AES and individual regional or national sections also hold AES Conferences on different topics during the year.
Hawklords
Hawklords were an English music group active between 1978 and 1979. Members were from Hawkwind, who were inactive during that period, (Robert Calvert – vocals, Dave Brock – guitar and Simon King – drums) and a local Devon group named Ark (Harvey Bainbridge – bass and Martin Griffin – drums) with the addition of former Pilot keyboardist Steve Swindells.

In 1978, the band released their first full studio album 25 Years On.

In 2008, a new Hawklords formed around bass player Harvey Bainbridge and ex-Hawkwind vocalist Ron Tree.

Hawklords (2000s band)
Hawklords is a British space rock band. The band started as a one-off ensemble of musicians formerly associated with Hawkwind, and playing Hawkwind covers. Although the band uses the same name as the short-lived 1978 incarnation of Hawkwind, it is not a  reunion or tribute, though three of the original 1978 Hawklords members (Bainbridge, Griffin, Swindells) were in the band when it reformed, but are not currently members.
Grouseland
Grouseland, the William Henry Harrison Mansion and Museum, is a National Historic Landmark important for its Federal-style architecture and role in American history. The two-story, red brick home was built between 1802 and 1804 in Vincennes, Indiana, for William Henry Harrison (1773–1841) during his tenure from 1801 to 1812 as the first governor of the Indiana Territory. The residence was completed in 1804, and Harrison reportedly named it Grouseland due to the abundance of grouse in the area.

Vincennes, Indiana
Vincennes is a city in and the county seat of Knox County, Indiana, United States. It is located on the lower Wabash River in the southwestern part of the state, nearly halfway between Evansville and Terre Haute. It was founded in 1732 by French fur traders, including the namesake François-Marie Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes. It is the oldest continually inhabited European settlement in Indiana and was its longest serving territorial capital. It is one of the oldest settlements west of the Appalachians. The population was 16,759 at the 2020 census.
Gerdau (river)
The Gerdau is a 30 km (19 mi) long, left (western) source river for the Ilmenau in the north German state of Lower Saxony.

The river rises in the eastern part of the Lüneburg Heath on the northeastern edge of the Südheide Nature Park. From its source, which is located in the Brambostel Moor Nature Reserve, north of the 94 m high Faßberg, the Gerdau flows by the villages of Eimke and Gerdau towards Uelzen. South of Uelzen it merges with the Stederau to form the Ilmenau.

Ilmenau (river)
Ilmenau is a river south of Hamburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

The Ilmenau originates in the Lüneburg Heath, south of Uelzen, at the confluence of the rivers Gerdau and Stederau in Veerßen, a district of Uelzen. It is a left tributary of the Elbe near Winsen (Luhe).

The Ilmenau is 121 kilometres (75 mi) long, including its source river Stederau. The largest towns along the Ilmenau are Uelzen and Lüneburg. The city Ilmenau in Thuringia is not along the river Ilmenau but along the river Ilm. The river is navigable from Lüneburg, but almost exclusively used by excursion ships. Above Lüneburg, the river is popular with canoeists.
Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth
The Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth, was a senior commander of the Royal Navy for hundreds of years.  Plymouth Command was a name given to the units, establishments, and staff operating under the admiral's command.  Between 1845 and 1896, this office was renamed  Commander-in-Chief, Devonport. The Commanders-in-Chief were based in what is now Hamoaze House, Devonport, Plymouth, from 1809 to 1934 and then at Admiralty House, Mount Wise, Devonport, from 1934 until 1996.

Commander-in-Chief, Devonport
The Commander-in-Chief, Devonport, was a senior Royal Navy appointment first established in 1845. The office holder was the Port Admiral responsible for the command and administration of the Devonport Station. The appointment continued until 1900 when the Devonport Station was renamed back to the Plymouth Station and this title in name was abolished.
Tiết canh
Tiết canh is a Vietnamese dish of raw blood pudding served with cooked meat across Vietnam. Pork and duck are the most common animal used to create this raw blood pudding. The most popular is tiết canh vịt, made from freshly killed duck blood, pork and chicken.

Tiết canh can be made from duck, goat, pig, goose, chicken, calf, as well as from snake, crab, lobster, blood cockle, or vegetables.

Consumption of tiết canh is also associated with good fortune.

Blood as food
Blood is used as food in many religions and cultures, often in combination with meat. The blood may be in the form of blood sausage or other solidified form, as a thickener for sauces, a cured salted form for times of food scarcity, or in a blood soup. This is a product from domesticated animals, obtained at a place and time where the blood can run into a container and be swiftly consumed or processed. In many cultures, the animal is slaughtered. In some cultures and religions, blood is a taboo food. In  Singapore the sale of blood products for consumption is illegal.

Blood consists predominantly of protein and water, and is sometimes called "liquid meat" because its composition is similar to that of lean meat. Blood collected hygienically can be used for human consumption; otherwise it is converted to blood meal. Certain fractions of animal blood are used in human medicine.
Nias Regency
Nias Regency is a regency in North Sumatra province, Indonesia; it lies on the east side of Nias Island. The regency originally covered the entire island, but was reduced to the northern half, with an area of 3,495.39 square kilometres, following the creation of the new regency of South Nias on 25 February 2003. It was further reduced by the creation of the new regencies of North Nias (Kabupaten Nias Utara) and West Nias (Kabupaten Nias Barat) and the independent municipality of Gunungsitoli from other parts of Nias Regency on 29 October 2008. Since the separation of the new regencies and municipality, the reduced Regency now covers 853.44 km2 of land in the eastern part of the island (partly surrounding the coastal city of Gunungsitoli), and had a population of 131,377 at the 2010 Census and 146,672 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 155,629 (comprising 76,052 males and 79,577 females). Its seat is the town of Gido.

West Nias Regency
West Nias Regency is a regency in North Sumatra province of Indonesia. The regency seat is located in the Lahomi district. It covers the western portion of Nias Island. The regency covers an area of 520.34 km2, and had a population of 81,807 at the 2010 census and 89,994 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 97,251 (comprising 48.7% males and 51.3% females). This regency was created on 29 October 2008 (together with neighbouring North Nias Regency) by Law Number 46 of 2008 from districts which had previously been part of Nias Regency.
Mouthfeel
Mouthfeel refers to the physical sensations in the mouth caused by food or drink, making it distinct from taste. It is a fundamental sensory attribute which, along with taste and smell, determines the overall flavor of a food item. Mouthfeel is also sometimes referred to as texture.

It is used in many areas related to the testing and evaluating of foodstuffs, such as wine-tasting and food rheology.  It is evaluated from initial perception on the palate to first bite, through chewing to swallowing and aftertaste. In wine-tasting, for example, mouthfeel is usually used with a modifier (big, sweet, tannic, chewy, etc.) to the general sensation of the wine in the mouth. Research indicates texture and mouthfeel can also influence satiety with the effect of viscosity most significant.

Mouthfeel is often related to a product's water activity—hard or crisp products having lower water activities and soft products having intermediate to high water activities.

Food rheology
Food rheology is the study  of the  rheological properties of food, that is, the consistency and flow of food under tightly specified conditions.  The consistency, degree of fluidity, and other mechanical properties  are important in understanding how long food can be stored, how stable it will remain, and in determining food texture. The acceptability of food products to the consumer is often determined by food texture, such as  how spreadable and creamy a food product is. Food rheology is important in quality control during food  manufacture and processing. Food rheology terms have been noted since ancient times. In ancient Egypt, bakers judged the consistency of dough by rolling it in their hands.
Lahn
The Lahn (German pronunciation: [laːn] ⓘ) is a 245.6-kilometre-long (152.6 mi), right (or eastern) tributary of the Rhine in Germany. Its course passes through the federal states of North Rhine-Westphalia (23.0 km), Hesse (165.6 km), and Rhineland-Palatinate (57.0 km).

It has its source in the Rothaargebirge, the highest part of the Sauerland, in North Rhine-Westphalia. The Lahn meets the Rhine at Lahnstein, near Koblenz. Important cities along the Lahn include Marburg, Gießen, Wetzlar, Limburg an der Lahn, Weilburg and Bad Ems.

Tributaries to the Lahn include the Ohm, Dill, the Weil and the Aar. The lower Lahn has many dams with locks, allowing regular shipping from its mouth up to Runkel. Riverboats also operate on a small section north of the dam in Gießen.

Aar (Lahn)
The Aar (German pronunciation: [aːɐ] ⓘ) is a 50-kilometre-long (31 mi) river of Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany, left tributary of the Lahn. It rises in the Taunus mountains, near Taunusstein. It flows generally north through the towns Taunusstein, Bad Schwalbach, Aarbergen and Hahnstätten. It flows into the Lahn in Diez.
Death of David Chain
David Nathan "Gypsy" Chain (June 17, 1974 – September 17, 1998) was an environmental activist. He was killed by a falling tree in suspicious circumstances during a protest in California Redwood Forests against the Pacific Lumber Company.

Headwaters Forest Reserve
The Headwaters Forest Reserve is a group of old growth coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) groves in the Northern California coastal forests ecoregion near Humboldt Bay of the U.S. state of California. Comprising about 7,472 acres (30.24 km2), it is managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) as part of the National Landscape Conservation System.

The climate is characterized by maritime conditions of cool, wet and foggy winters and cool to warm cloudy summers. Elevations range from 100 feet (30 m) to over 2,000 feet (610 m).
New York State Route 269
New York State Route 269 (NY 269) is a north–south state highway located in western New York in the United States. The highway runs for 6.36 miles (10.24 km) along the Niagara–Orleans county line and is named County Line Road. The southern terminus of NY 269 is at an intersection with NY 104 in the hamlet of Jeddo. Its northern terminus is at a junction with NY 18 in the hamlet of County Line. NY 269 is one of only two state highways in New York that are located wholly along a county boundary; the other is NY 272 on the other side of Orleans County. The route was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York and has not been altered since.

New York State Route 272
New York State Route 272 (NY 272) is a north–south state highway in the western portion of New York in the United States. It extends for just over 7.5 miles (12.1 km) along the Orleans–Monroe county line from an intersection with NY 104 in Clarkson to the Lake Ontario shoreline north of an interchange with the Lake Ontario State Parkway in the Hamlin hamlet of Troutburg. The route is two lanes wide for its entire length and passes through mostly rural areas, save for the hamlet of Morton at a junction with Kenmore and Morton Roads (the latter being former NY 360). NY 272 was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York and has not been altered since.
Apostolic Prefecture of Lixian
The Apostolic Prefecture of Lixian is Latin rite pre-diocesan jurisdiction of the Catholic Church with seat in Lixian (Li County, Hunan), central China.

It is exempt, i.e. directly dependent on the Holy See (not part of any ecclesiastical province), and on its missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

No statistics available. It borders on its mother diocese Changde and those of Yuanling 沅陵 and Yichang 宜昌 as well as on the Apostolic Prefecture of Shashi 沙市 and Apostolic Prefecture of Yueyang 岳陽.

It is vacant, under an Apostolic administrator since 2012.

Apostolic Prefecture of Yueyang
The Apostolic Prefecture of Yueyang is Latin pre-diocesan jurisdiction of the Catholic Church with seat in Yueyang, Hunan province, central China.

It is exempt, i.e. directly dependent on the Holy See (not part of any ecclesiastical province), and on its missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

No statistics available. It borders on its mother diocese Changde and Roman Catholic Diocese of Puqi 蒲圻, on the archdioceses of Nanchang 南昌 and Changsha 長沙 and on the Apostolic Prefecture of Lixian 澧縣.

It is vacant, under an Apostolic administrator since 2012.
Ruth Kligman
Ruth Kligman (January 25, 1930 – March 1, 2010) was an American abstract artist who was romantically involved with two prominent American artists of the mid-20th century, Jackson Pollock and Willem de Kooning.

Willem de Kooning
Willem de Kooning (/də ˈkuːnɪŋ/ də KOO-ning, Dutch: [ˈʋɪləm də ˈkoːnɪŋ]; April 24, 1904 – March 19, 1997) was a Dutch-American abstract expressionist artist. Born in Rotterdam, in the Netherlands, he moved to the United States in 1926, becoming a U.S. citizen in 1962. In 1943, he married painter Elaine Fried.

In the years after World War II, De Kooning painted in a style that came to be referred to as abstract expressionism or "action painting", and was part of a group of artists that came to be known as the New York School. Other painters in this group included Jackson Pollock, Elaine de Kooning, Lee Krasner, Franz Kline, Arshile Gorky, Mark Rothko, Hans Hofmann, John Ferren, Nell Blaine, Conrad Marca-Relli, James Brooks, Adolph Gottlieb, Jack Tworkov, Norman Lewis, Anne Ryan, Robert Motherwell, Philip Guston, Clyfford Still, and Richard Pousette-Dart. De Kooning's retrospective held at MoMA in 2011–2012 rendered him one of the best-known artists of the 20th century.
Juninho (footballer, born January 1989)
Vítor Gomes Pereira Júnior (born 8 January 1989), is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder, who is currently the head coach of the LA Galaxy Academy U-19 team playing in the United Premier Soccer League. He is commonly known as Juninho or Vitor Junior, and is the older brother of footballer Ricardo Goulart.

Ricardo Goulart
Ricardo Goulart Pereira (Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁiˈkaʁdu ɡuˈlaʁ]; born 5 June 1991), known as Ricardo Goulart, is a Brazilian former footballer who played as an attacking midfielder.

Goulart started his career with Santo André in 2009, and remained at the club until 2011, with a loan to Internacional. He played the 2012 season Goiás in the second tier, before joining Cruzeiro the following year.

At Cruzeiro, Goulart cemented a place in the first team, and during his two-year stint, he made a total of 99 appearances and scored 34 times, winning the 2014 Brasileiro with the club. His personal awards include the 2014 Bola de Ouro, besides featuring in the team of the season. In 2015, he entered Asian football by signing for Chinese club Guangzhou Evergrande, where he won the Chinese Super League and AFC Champions League in his first season.

Goulart made his international debut for the Brazil national football team against Colombia in 2014.
Jack the Giant Killer (1962 film)
Jack the Giant Killer is a 1962 American heroic fantasy adventure film starring Kerwin Mathews in a fairy tale story about a young man who defends a princess against a sorcerer's giants and demons.

The film is loosely based on the traditional tale "Jack the Giant Killer" and features extensive use of stop-motion animation. It was directed by Nathan H. Juran and later reedited and rereleased as a musical by producer Edward Small because Columbia Pictures, which released The 7th Voyage of Sinbad, threatened to sue Small. The original print without the music was released 30 years later with no protest from Columbia Pictures, while United Artists continues to own the rights to the musical version of the film. The film reunited Mathews, Juran, Small and actor Torin Thatcher, all of whom had worked on The 7th Voyage of Sinbad.

The 7th Voyage of Sinbad
The 7th Voyage of Sinbad is a 1958 American fantasy adventure film directed by Nathan Juran and starring Kerwin Mathews, Kathryn Grant, Torin Thatcher, Richard Eyer, and Alec Mango. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures and produced by Charles H. Schneer.

It was the first of three Sinbad feature films from Columbia, the later two from the 1970s being The Golden Voyage of Sinbad (1973) and Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger (1977). All three Sinbad films were conceptualized by Ray Harryhausen using Dynamation, the full color widescreen stop-motion animation technique that he created.

While similarly named, the film does not follow the storyline of the tale "The Seventh Voyage of Sinbad the Sailor" but instead has more in common with the Third and Fifth voyages of Sinbad.

The 7th Voyage of Sinbad was selected in 2008 for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Zarumilla province
Zarumilla is one of the three provinces of the Tumbes Region in northwestern Peru. It borders the Pacific Ocean on the north, Ecuador on the south and east, and the Tumbes Province on the west.

Its capital is the town of Zarumilla. Other important settlements in the province include Matapalo and the border town of Aguas Verdes, which is connected to Ecuador by a bridge.

Zarumilla was established as a province on November 17, 1942.

The Zarumilla River, located in the eastern part of the province, marks the border between Peru and Ecuador. In 1998, during El Niño, the river changed its course, moving 1 square kilometre (250 acres) of land into its eastern margin. Ecuadorians took advantage of this situation, saying that the river is the natural border marker and therefore gives them rights in the affected area. The Peruvians argued that the area is sovereign Peruvian soil.

Tumbes province
Tumbes is a province in Peru, located in the region of the same name. It borders the Pacific Ocean on the north, the province of Zarumilla on the east, the Piura Region and Ecuador on the south and the province of Contralmirante Villar on the west. Its capital is Tumbes, which is also the regional capital.
Harry Morton Fitzpatrick
Harry Morton Fitzpatrick (27 June 1886 – 8 December 1949), was an American mycologist. He was professor of mycology at Cornell. He is known for his work on the Phycomycetes. His book on the Lower Fungi was the standard text and reference work on the Phycomycetes. He trained Clark Thomas Rogerson and Richard P. Korf, two prominent mycologists.

Richard P. Korf
Richard Paul "Dick" Korf (May 28, 1925 – August 20, 2016) was an American mycologist and founding co-editor of the journal Mycotaxon. He was a preeminent figure in the study of discomycetes and made significant contributions to the field of fungal nomenclature and taxonomy. Korf was professor emeritus of mycology at Cornell University and director emeritus of Cornell University's Plant Pathology Herbarium.