hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Allegheny Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Allegheny Township, established on December 6, 1795, in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, was among the earliest administrative divisions in Western Pennsylvania. Covering a vast area, it included much of what would later become Armstrong County when the county was established in 1800. Named for the Allegheny River, which formed its western boundary, the township played a central role in the settlement, agricultural development, and industrialization of the region.

By the late 19th century, the growth of population and industry led to the subdivision of Allegheny Township into smaller municipalities. These included Kiskiminetas, Burrell, Bethel, Parks, and Gilpin Townships, as well as boroughs such as Leechburg and Aladdin. By 1878, Allegheny Township ceased to exist as an independent administrative entity, but its legacy continues through its descendant communities.

Gilpin Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Gilpin Township is a Second class Township in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is a township rich in history, dating back to early 19th-century settlement. Officially incorporated on December 26, 1878, it evolved from an agricultural and timber-based economy to an industrial hub, supported by its abundant natural resources—including coal, salt, timber, natural gas, and sand—and its strategic location along the Allegheny and Kiskiminetas Rivers. These rivers not only fostered trade and transportation but also enabled Gilpin’s transformation into a manufacturing center. The township includes various communities—Bagdad, Johnetta, Schenley, Georgetown, Banfield, Forks Church, Aladdin, and Maher Heights—each contributing uniquely to its development and legacy. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 2,411.
Timothy Kwok
Timothy Kwok Chi-Pei (Chinese: 郭志丕; born 28 March 1959) is a Hong Kong-born Anglican bishop who is serving as Bishop of Eastern Kowloon (diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Eastern Kowloon, Hong Kong Anglican Church (Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui), Hong Kong) since November 2014.

Diocese of Eastern Kowloon
The Diocese of Eastern Kowloon is one of the three dioceses under the Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui. Its territory covers most part of eastern Kowloon and eastern New Territories. Holy Trinity Cathedral, cathedral of the diocese, was established in 1890, making it one of the oldest Anglican churches in Hong Kong. Incumbent bishop, Timothy Kwok, was elected on 30 March 2014 and enthroned on 23 November 2014, replacing the outgoing bishop, Louis Tsui.
New Jersey Route 32
Route 32 is an arterial state highway in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. The route is a 1.18-mile-long (1.90 km) highway along Forsgate Drive that connects U.S. Route 130 (US 130) in South Brunswick Township and the New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 95, I-95) at exit 8A in Monroe Township. Despite the short length, it is an important artery that connects not only traffic between the Turnpike and US 130, but traffic to County Route 535 (CR 535). The right-of-way on Forsgate continues eastward as County Route 612 (CR 612). Route 32 was first designated in 1964 along Forsgate Drive and was proposed to become part of Route 92 along its entire alignment.

County Route 535 (New Jersey)
County Route 535 (CR 535) is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends 32.3 miles (52.0 km) from North Logan Avenue/South Logan Avenue (where it becomes CR 635), at the boundary between Trenton and Hamilton in Mercer County to an interchange with US 9/Route 35 in South Amboy, Middlesex County.

The road serves as the main street through the communities of Cranbury, South River and Sayreville, while also passing through rural areas on the outskirts of Mercer and southern Middlesex counties. At various points, it is locally known as East State Street, East State Street Extension, Nottingham Way, Edinburg Road, Old Trenton Road, South Main Street, North Main Street, Plainsboro Road, Maplewood Avenue, Half Acre Road, South River Road, Cranbury-South River Road, Cranbury Road, Main Street, Washington Road, and Raritan Street.
Infanta Cristina of Spain
Infanta Cristina (Cristina Federica Victoria Antonia de la Santísima Trinidad de Borbón y de Grecia, born 13 June 1965) is the younger daughter of King Juan Carlos I and his wife, Queen Sofía. She is sixth in the line of succession to the Spanish throne, after her brother King Felipe VI's children, her sister Infanta Elena, Duchess of Lugo, and Elena's children Felipe and Victoria.

On 26 September 1997, on the occasion of her marriage to handball player Iñaki Urdangarin, she was created Duchess of Palma de Mallorca by her father, King Juan Carlos. From 2013 to 2017, she was investigated for possible corruption involving a company she jointly owned with her husband. In 2015, her brother stripped her of her royal dukedom. In 2017, she was acquitted of all charges.

Cristina represented the Crown during the reign of her father. Since October 2011, she has remained apart from the royal family and any official act of the Crown.

Duchess of Palma de Mallorca
Duchess of Palma de Mallorca was a substantive title in the Peerage of Spain. The title takes its name from the city of Palma de Mallorca, in the Balearic Islands.

The royal dukedom was granted on 26 September 1997 by King Juan Carlos I to his younger daughter, Infanta Cristina, on the occasion of her forthcoming marriage to Iñaki Urdangarin.

In April 1998, the City Council of Palma de Mallorca renamed one of its principal streets 'La Rambla' as "La Rambla dels Ducs de Palma de Mallorca" (English: La Rambla of the dukes of Palma de Mallorca). That same year, the Duchess and the Duke were granted the Golden Medal of the Balearic Islands.

In 2013, the City Council renamed the street to its original name and, in 2018, the regional government of the islands revoked the Golden Medal to Urdangarin.

On 11 June 2015, she was stripped of her dukedom by King Felipe VI, her younger brother, due to a corruption inquiry, and the dukedom was merged again in the Spanish Crown.
Moses Mendelssohn
Moses Mendelssohn (6 September 1729 – 4 January 1786) was a German-Jewish philosopher and theologian. His writings and ideas on Jews and the Jewish religion and identity were a central element in the development of the Haskalah, or 'Jewish Enlightenment' of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Born to a poor Jewish family in Dessau, Principality of Anhalt, and originally destined for a rabbinical career, Mendelssohn educated himself in German thought and literature. Through his writings on philosophy and religion he came to be regarded as a leading cultural figure of his time by both Christian and Jewish inhabitants of German-speaking Europe and beyond. His involvement in the Berlin textile industry formed the foundation of his family's wealth.

His descendants include the composers Fanny and Felix Mendelssohn; Felix's son, chemist Paul Mendelssohn Bartholdy; Fanny's grandsons, Paul and Kurt Hensel; and the founders of the Mendelssohn & Co. banking house.

Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (/ˈlɛsɪŋ/; German: [ˈɡɔthɔlt ˈeːfʁa.ɪm ˈlɛsɪŋ] ⓘ; 22 January 1729 – 15 February 1781) was a German philosopher, dramatist, publicist and art critic, and a representative of the Enlightenment era. His plays and theoretical writings substantially influenced the development of German literature. He is widely considered by theatre historians to be the first dramaturg in his role at Abel Seyler's Hamburg National Theatre.

The word Dramaturgy first appears in his work Hamburg Dramaturgy.
Knights of Pythias Temple (Dallas, Texas)
The Knights of Pythias Temple is an historic Knights of Pythias building located at 2551 Elm Street in the Deep Ellum neighborhood of Dallas, Texas. Now operating as the Pittman Hotel, and previously also known as the Union Bankers Building, it was designed by African-American architect William Sidney Pittman and opened in 1916. Current renovations by Perkins + Will date to 2020.

Knights of Pythias of North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia
The Knights of Pythias of North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia, also known as the Colored Knights of Pythias or the Knights of Pythias, is a fraternal organization in the United States. The Knights of Pythias, founded in 1864, did not allow African Americans so this group formed on its own. The organization was established in Vicksburg, Mississippi in 1880 by Thomas W. Stringer and others.

The organization followed the organizational structure of many other fraternal organizations with a national Supreme Lodge, Grand Lodges at the state level, and local lodges regionally. Historically, the organization provided its members with death and sick benefits.
Doratodesmus hispidus
Doratodesmus hispidus is a species of flat-backed millipede in the family Haplodesmidae. This millipede is found in Papua New Guinea. This millipede is notable for featuring only 18 segments (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last) in each sex rather than the 20 segments normally observed in the order Polydesmida.

Polydesmida
Polydesmida (from the Greek poly "many" and desmos "bond") is the largest order of millipedes, with more than 5,000 species, including all the millipedes reported to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN). This order is also the most diverse of the millipede orders in terms of morphology. Millipedes in this order are found in all regions of the world other than Antarctica.
John Edward Marr
John Edward Marr FGS FRS (14 June 1857 – 1 October 1933) was a British geologist. After studying at Lancaster Royal Grammar School, he matriculated to St John's College, Cambridge, graduating with First Class Honours in 1878. Following undergraduate work in the Lake District, he travelled to Bohemia to investigate the fossil collection of Joachim Barrande, where his work won him the Sedgwick Prize in 1882. In 1886, Marr became lecturer at the University of Cambridge Department of Geology, a position he held for 32 years until he succeeded Thomas McKenny Hughes as Woodwardian Professor of Geology in 1917.

Lancaster Royal Grammar School
Lancaster Royal Grammar School (LRGS) is an 11–18 boys grammar school in Lancaster, Lancashire, England. Old students belong to The Old Lancastrians. The school's sixth form opened to girls in 2019. LRGS is also in the United Kingdom's thirty oldest schools.
Alabama State Route 142
State Route 142 (SR 142) is a 1.802-mile-long (2.900 km) state highway in Marion County in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. The western terminus of the highway is at an intersection with U.S. Route 278 (US 278) southwest of Guin. The eastern terminus of the highway is at an intersection with US 43/US 278 in Guin.

U.S. Route 43
U.S. Route 43 (US 43) is a 410-mile-long (660 km) north–south United States Highway in the Southern states of Alabama and Tennessee. It travels from Prichard, Alabama, to Columbia, Tennessee. The highway's southern terminus is in Prichard, at an intersection with US 90, and its northern terminus is in Columbia at an intersection with US 31/US 412/US 412 Bus.

In Alabama and Tennessee, all of the U.S. Highways in each state have one or more unsigned state highways designated along its length. US 43 travels concurrently with Alabama State Route 13 (SR 13) from its southern terminus to an intersection in southeastern Fayette County. For the rest of its length in the state, US 43 is concurrent with signed state highways. In Tennessee, US 43 travels concurrently with Tennessee State Route 6 (SR 6) along its entire length in the state. It also has an unsigned concurrency with SR 227 between Saint Joseph and Loretto.
Carolina Crown Drum and Bugle Corps
Carolina Crown Drum and Bugle Corps is a World Class competitive junior drum and bugle corps. Based in Fort Mill, South Carolina, Carolina Crown is a member corps of Drum Corps International (DCI). Carolina Crown won the 2013 Drum Corps International World Class Championship, the first former Open Class/Division II corps to do so.

Fort Mill, South Carolina
Fort Mill, also known as Fort Mill Township, is a town in York County, South Carolina, United States. It is a suburb of Charlotte, North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population of the town was 24,521. Some businesses and residents in the Indian Land community of neighboring Lancaster County share a Fort Mill mailing address, but the official town boundary extends only within York County.
Pauline Phillips
Pauline Esther Phillips  (née Friedman; July 4, 1918 – January 16, 2013), also known as Abigail Van Buren, was an American advice columnist and radio show host who began the well-known Dear Abby newspaper column in 1956. It became the most widely syndicated newspaper column in the world, syndicated in 1,400 newspapers with 110 million readers.

From 1963 to 1975, Phillips also hosted a daily Dear Abby program on CBS Radio. TV anchorwoman Diane Sawyer calls her the "pioneering queen of salty advice". She was also the paternal stepgrandmother of U.S. Congressman Dean Phillips.

Dear Abby
Dear Abby is an American advice column founded in 1956 by Pauline Phillips under the pen name "Abigail Van Buren" and carried on today by her daughter, Jeanne Phillips, who now owns the legal rights to the pen name.
Marvin Griffin
Samuel Marvin Griffin, Sr. (September 4, 1907 – June 13, 1982) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Georgia.

A lifelong Democrat, Griffin was a native of Bainbridge, Georgia and publisher of the Bainbridge Post-Searchlight. He served as the 72nd governor of Georgia from 1955 to 1959, where he supported educational segregation and opposed the integration of Georgia schools. After the end of his gubernatorial tenure, he returned to his native Bainbridge and entered the real estate business, helping to found Bainbridge College (later Bainbridge State College) in 1970. He served on the college's board of directors and died from lung cancer in 1982.

Bainbridge State College
Bainbridge State College was a public college in Bainbridge, Georgia. It was part of the University System of Georgia which merged it into Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College in 2017.  The college's campus was located on 173 acres (0.70 km2) of land just inside the Bainbridge city limits on U.S. Highway 84 East. A separate campus in Blakely, Georgia was Bainbridge College Early County (which was built in 1999 as Albany Technical College.  The Early County Satellite Center was bought by Bainbridge College in 2006). There was also a campus in Donalsonville, Georgia that opened in 2016.

Students commuted from the nearby towns of Attapulgus, Blakely, Brinson, Cairo, Camilla, Climax, Colquitt, Donalsonville, Iron City, Pelham, Thomasville, and Whigham. With the inclusion of Gadsden County to the college's service area, students from neighboring Florida communities also attended as in-state students.
Laurent Blanchard
Laurent Blanchard (born November 25, 1952) is a politician in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He represented the east-end Hochelaga ward on Montreal city council from 2005 to 2013, initially as a member of Vision Montreal and later as an independent. On June 25, 2013, he was elected by council as interim Mayor of Montreal, a position he served in until the election of Denis Coderre on November 3, 2013.

2013 Montreal municipal election
Municipal elections were held in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, on November 3, 2013, as part of the 2013 Quebec municipal elections. Voters elected 65 positions on the Montreal City Council, including the mayor, borough mayors, and city councillors, as well as 38 borough councillors. Denis Coderre replaced interim mayor Laurent Blanchard, who was elected to replace the previous interim mayor, Michael Applebaum, who resigned due to 14 charges laid against him including fraud, conspiracy, breach of trust, and corruption in municipal affairs. Previous elected mayor Gérald Tremblay left office on November 5, 2012, after his party Union Montréal was suspected of corruption and mafia involvement. On July 2, 2013, Louise Harel, leader of the opposition Vision Montréal, announced she would not be running for mayor, instead supporting Marcel Côté.
Ricardo Hausmann
Ricardo Hausmann (born 1956) is the Rafik Hariri Professor of the Practice of International Political Economy and the founder (2006) and Faculty Director of Harvard's Growth Lab at the Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University. He is also a former Venezuelan Minister of Planning and former Head of the Presidential Office of Coordination and Planning (1992–1993). He co-introduced several regularly used concepts in economics including original sin, growth diagnostics, self-discovery, dark matter, the product space, and economic complexity.

Ricardo is the father of theatre director and producer Michel Hausmann, art historian Carolina Hausmann, and comedian Joanna Hausmann.

Economic Complexity Index
The Economic Complexity Index (ECI) is a holistic measure of the productive capabilities of large economic systems, usually cities, regions, or countries. In particular, the ECI looks to explain the knowledge accumulated in a population and which is expressed in the economic activities present in a city, country, or region. To achieve this goal, the ECI defines the knowledge available in a location, as the average knowledge of the activities present in it, and the knowledge of an activity as the average knowledge of the places where that economic activity is conducted. The product equivalent of the economic complexity index is the product complexity index or PCI. Higher economic complexity as compared to country's income level drives economic development.
Poor Clares' Church, Bydgoszcz
The Church of the Poor Clares dedicated to Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary (initially dedicated to the Holy Spirit, St. Adalbert, St.Clare and St. Barbara) is an historical church in Gdańska Street, Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Gdańsk Street, Bydgoszcz
Gdańsk Street is one of the main streets of downtown Bydgoszcz, Poland. Initially, the street was a thoroughfare, but in the second half of the 19th century, it was designated as residential. It ran from the Brda river to the northern part of Bydgoszcz, and has gradually become the city's center of trade and entertainment. During the interwar period, Gdańsk Street was the third longest street in Bydgoszcz, with a total length of 3.19 km.

The street connects the Old Town Road with the northern areas of Bydgoszcz's agglomeration. The southern part is the real "vertebrate column" of Bydgoszcz's downtown and the most architecturally representative, while the northern part – from the Municipal Stadium to the southern boundaries of the city – is bordered by Forest Park of Culture and Leisure and the Gdańsk Forest. Gdańsk Street is rich architecturally and has many buildings that are registered on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage list.
Anne Elizabeth Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, Duchess of Buckingham
Anne Elizabeth Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos, Lady Kinloss (née Brydges, 27 October 1779 – 15 May 1836), styled Countess Temple from 1796 to 1813 and The Marchioness of Buckingham from 1813 to 1822, was an English peeress.

Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Chandos
Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (20 March 1776 – 17 January 1839), styled Earl Temple from 1784 to 1813 and known as the Marquess of Buckingham from 1813 to 1822, was a British landowner and politician.
Elephantidae
Elephantidae is a family of large, herbivorous proboscidean mammals which includes the living elephants (belonging to the genera Elephas and Loxodonta), as well as a number of extinct genera like Mammuthus (mammoths) and Palaeoloxodon. They are large terrestrial mammals with a snout modified into a trunk and teeth modified into tusks. Most genera and species in the family are extinct. Some extinct members are among the largest known terrestrial mammals ever.

The family was first described by John Edward Gray in 1821, and later assigned to taxonomic ranks within the order Proboscidea. Elephantidae has been revised by various authors to include or exclude other extinct proboscidean genera.

African elephant
African elephants are members of the genus Loxodonta comprising two living elephant species, the African bush elephant (L. africana) and the smaller African forest elephant (L. cyclotis). Both are social herbivores with grey skin. However, they differ in the size and colour of their tusks as well as the shape and size of their ears and skulls.

Both species are at a pertinent risk of extinction according to the IUCN Red List; as of 2021, the bush elephant is considered endangered while the forest elephant is considered critically endangered. They are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, along with poaching for the illegal ivory trade in several range countries.

Loxodonta is one of two extant genera in the family Elephantidae. The name refers to the lozenge-shaped enamel of their molar teeth. Fossil remains of Loxodonta species have been found in Africa, spanning from the Late Miocene (from around 7–6 million years ago) onwards.
Calmont (hill)
The Calmont, also called the Calmond, between Bremm and Ediger-Eller in the county of Cochem-Zell in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, is a steep hill on the heights above the Moselle river to a height of 380.6 m above sea level (NHN). It lies within the Moselle wine region and is home to the vineyards of Bremmer Calmont and Ellerer Calmont which, with gradients of up to over 65º, are among the steepest vineyards in the world.

Bremm
Bremm (German pronunciation: [bʁɛm]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Cochem, whose seat is in the like-named town.
Italian passport
An Italian passport (Italian: passaporto italiano) is issued upon request to an Italian citizen for the purpose of international travel. It is valid for 10, 5 or 3 years, depending on the applicant's age. Its biometric version has been available since 2006.

Every Italian citizen is also a citizen of the European Union. The passport, along with the national identity card, allows for free movement and residence in any EU member state, in the European Economic Area and in Switzerland.

According to the Henley Passport Index, by 2024, with 194 countries with "Visa-free" access (including "Visa on arrival" and "Electronic Travel Authorization" - eTA) it is the strongest passport in the world tied with France, Germany, Japan, Singapore and Spain.

Italian nationality law
The primary law governing nationality of Italy is Law 91/1992, which came into force on 16 August 1992. Italy is a member state of the European Union (EU), and all Italian nationals are EU citizens. They are entitled to free movement rights in EU and European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries, and may vote in elections to the European Parliament.