hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Herald
The National Herald is an Indian English-language newspaper published by The Associated Journals Ltd, and owned by Young India Limited, a company by Rahul Gandhi and Sonia Gandhi, and Shiva Publications, a partnership firm by Vishnu Goyal and Rekha Goyal.

It was founded by India's first prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru in 1938 as a tool to win independence. It was banned by British government in 1942 during the Quit India Movement. It was one of the major English language newspapers in India after the end of the British Raj, and occasionally published op-eds authored by Nehru. The newspaper ceased operations in 2008 for financial reasons. In 2016, it was relaunched as a digital publication. The newspaper has been linked to and controlled by members of the Indian National Congress political party.

The newspaper is an accused in the National Herald corruption case along with Sonia Gandhi and her son Rahul Gandhi.

National Herald case
The National Herald  case is an ongoing case in a Delhi court filed by politician Subramanian Swamy against politicians Sonia Gandhi and Rahul Gandhi, their companies and associated persons. As per the complaint filed in the court of the Metropolitan Magistrate, Associated Journals Limited (AJL) took an interest-free loan of ₹90.25 crore (US$11 million) from Indian National Congress. It is alleged that the loan was  not repaid. A closely held company, Young Indian, was incorporated in November 2010 with a paid up capital of 5 Lac and it acquired almost all the shareholding of AJL and all its properties (alleged to be worth ₹5,000 crore (US$590 million)). Swamy alleged criminal misappropriation by both Sonia Gandhi and Rahul Gandhi.
John H. Adams (environmentalist)
John Hamilton Adams (born February 15, 1936) is an environmental activist, lawyer, and founder of the Natural Resource Defense Council (NRDC). He co-founded the NRDC in 1970 and served as the executive director until 1998 when he became the President. As of 2006, Adams is the Founding Director of the organization. With the help of his team at the NRDC, Adams has worked on numerous environmental movements including passing the Clean Water Act, phasing of lead from gasoline, and curbing the emissions of coal-burning power plants.

Adams has authored three books and written many research papers. In 2010, Adams received the Presidential Medal of Freedom for his achievements in environmental activism.

Natural Resources Defense Council
The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) is a United States–based 501(c)(3) non-profit international environmental advocacy group, with its headquarters in New York City and offices in Washington, D.C., San Francisco, Los Angeles, Chicago, Bozeman, India, and Beijing. The group was founded in 1970 in opposition to a hydroelectric power plant in New York.

As of 2019, the NRDC had over three million members, with online activities nationwide, and a staff of about 700 lawyers, scientists and other policy experts.
Taurus Mountains
The Taurus Mountains (Turkish: Toros Dağları or Toroslar; Kurdish: Çiyayên Torosê) are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region from the central Anatolian Plateau. The system extends along a curve from Lake Eğirdir in the west to the upper reaches of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the east. It is a part of the Alpide belt in Eurasia.

Anti-Taurus Mountains
The Anti-Taurus Mountains (from Greek: Αντίταυρος) or Aladaglar are a mountain range in southern and eastern Turkey, curving northeast from the Taurus Mountains.

At 12,851 feet (3,917 m), Mount Erciyes (Turkish: Erciyes Dağı) is the highest peak not just in the range but in central Anatolia as a whole. It is a massive stratovolcano located in the northern part of the Anti-Taurus. The ancient Greek geographer and historian Strabo wrote that in his time the summit was never free of snow and that the few climbers who ascended it could see both the Black Sea and the Mediterranean.

Parts of the Anti-Taurus Mountains are protected within the Aladağlar National Park.
Aklak Air
Aklak Air is an Inuvialuit owned airline based in Inuvik in Northwest Territories in Canada. It operates year-round and seasonal scheduled services, as well as charter flights throughout the western Arctic. Its main base is Inuvik (Mike Zubko) Airport.

Inuvik (Mike Zubko) Airport
Inuvik (Mike Zubko) Airport (IATA: YEV, ICAO: CYEV) is located 6.5 nautical miles (12.0 km; 7.5 mi) east of Inuvik, Northwest Territories, Canada.

The airport is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA). CBSA officers at this airport can handle general aviation aircraft only, with no more than 15 passengers.

It is also used as a forward operating base for CF-18 Hornet military jets operated by the Royal Canadian Air Force.

In 2019, the federal government announced a $150 million funding to extend the runway by an additional 3000 ft to a total length of 9000 ft and modernize the lighting, navigation and military aircraft landing systems at the airport.

In 1995, the airport was named for Mike Zubko (1923–1991), a famous local aviator.
P-adic valuation
In number theory, the p-adic valuation or p-adic order of an integer n is the exponent of the highest power of the prime number p that divides n.
It is denoted .
Equivalently,  is the exponent to which  appears in the prime factorization of .

The p-adic valuation is a valuation and gives rise to an analogue of the usual absolute value.
Whereas the completion of the rational numbers with respect to the usual absolute value results in the real numbers , the completion of the rational numbers with respect to the -adic absolute value results in the p-adic numbers .

Valuation (algebra)
In algebra (in particular in algebraic geometry or algebraic number theory), a valuation is a function on a field that provides a measure of the size or multiplicity of elements of the field. It generalizes to commutative algebra the notion of size inherent in consideration of the degree of a pole or multiplicity of a zero in complex analysis, the degree of divisibility of a number by a prime number in number theory, and the geometrical concept of contact between two algebraic or analytic varieties in algebraic geometry. A field with a valuation on it is called a valued field.
Dixmoor, Illinois
Dixmoor (formerly Specialville) is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States, and a south suburb of Chicago. The population was 2,973 at the 2020 census. Dixmoor is adjacent to Harvey to the south and east, Posen to the west, and Blue Island and Riverdale to the north. Interstate 57 also runs through the village.

Harvey, Illinois
Harvey is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 20,324 at the 2020 census.

Harvey is bordered by the villages of Dixmoor and Riverdale to the north; Dolton, Phoenix, and South Holland to the east; East Hazel Crest to the south; and Hazel Crest, Markham and Posen to the west.
Shire of Northam
The Shire of Northam is a local government area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, beyond the northeastern fringe of the Perth metropolitan area centred on the town of Northam itself. The Shire covers an area of 1,431 square kilometres (553 sq mi). In 2007, it merged with the Town of Northam, almost tripling its population in the process from a previous size of 3,794 (ABS 2006).

Town of Northam
The Town of Northam was a local government area of Western Australia for the town of Northam in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, 97 kilometres (60 mi) north-east of the capital, Perth along Great Eastern Highway. The Town had a population of 6,009 as of the 2006 census.

In January 2007, the Department of Local Government and Regional Development recommended the council merge with the surrounding Shire of Northam to become a single entity. Following the failure of a referendum on 28 April 2007 within the Shire of Northam to stop the move, the amalgamation proceeded on 1 July 2007.
Bank account
A bank account is a financial account maintained by a bank or other financial institution  in which the financial transactions between the bank and a customer are recorded. Each financial institution sets the terms and conditions for each type of account it offers, which are classified in commonly understood types, such as deposit accounts, credit card accounts, current accounts, loan accounts or many other types of account. A customer may have more than one account. Once an account is opened, funds entrusted by the customer to the financial institution on deposit are recorded in the account designated by the customer. Funds can be withdrawn from the accounts in accordance with their terms and conditions.

The financial transactions which have occurred on a bank account within a given period of time are reported to the customer on a bank statement, and the balance of the accounts of a customer at any point in time represents their financial position with the institution.

Deposit account
A deposit account is a bank account maintained by a financial institution in which a customer can deposit and withdraw money. Deposit accounts can be savings accounts, current accounts or any of several other types of accounts explained below.

Transactions on deposit accounts are recorded in a bank's books, and the resulting balance is recorded as a liability of the bank and represents an amount owed by the bank to the customer. In other words, the banker-customer (depositor) relationship is one of debtor-creditor. Some banks charge fees for transactions on a customer's account. Additionally, some banks pay customers interest on their account balances.
Nijenhuis–Richardson bracket
In mathematics, the algebraic bracket or Nijenhuis–Richardson bracket is a graded Lie algebra structure on the space of alternating multilinear forms of a vector space to itself, introduced by  A. Nijenhuis and  R. W. Richardson, Jr (1966, 1967). It is related to but not the same as the Frölicher–Nijenhuis bracket and the Schouten–Nijenhuis bracket.

Frölicher–Nijenhuis bracket
In mathematics, the Frölicher–Nijenhuis bracket is an extension of the Lie bracket of vector fields to vector-valued differential forms on a differentiable manifold.

It is useful in the study of connections, notably the Ehresmann connection, as well as in the more general study of projections in the tangent bundle.
It was introduced by  Alfred Frölicher and Albert Nijenhuis (1956) and is related to the work of Schouten (1940).

It is related to but not the same as the Nijenhuis–Richardson bracket and the Schouten–Nijenhuis bracket.
Asmara-Massawa Cableway
The Asmara-Massawa Cableway was a cableway (or "ropeway") built in Italian Eritrea before World War II. The Eritrean Ropeway, completed in 1937, ran 71.8 km from the south end of Asmara to the city-port of Massawa.

Italian Eritrea
Italian Eritrea (Italian: Colonia Eritrea, "Colony of Eritrea") was a colony of the Kingdom of Italy in the territory of present-day Eritrea. The first Italian establishment in the area was the purchase of Assab by the Rubattino Shipping Company in 1869, which came under government control in 1882. Occupation of Massawa in 1885 and the subsequent expansion of territory would gradually engulf the region and in 1889 the Ethiopian Empire recognized the Italian possession in the Treaty of Wuchale. In 1890 the Colony of Eritrea was officially founded.

In 1936 the region was integrated into Italian East Africa as the Eritrea Governorate. This would last until Italy's loss of the region in 1941, during the East African campaign of World War II. Italian Eritrea then came under British military administration, which in 1951 fell under United Nations supervision. In September 1952 it became an autonomous part of Ethiopia, until its independence in 1991.
British television Apollo 11 coverage
British television coverage of the Apollo 11 mission, the first crewed landing on the Moon, lasted from 16 to 24 July 1969. Three UK television channels, BBC1, BBC2 and ITV, provided extensive coverage of the mission.  Most of the footage covering the event was wiped or lost, however some fragments of certain broadcasts have been found.

Lost television broadcast
Lost television broadcasts are television programs that were not preserved after their original airing, rendering them permanently unavailable for both public and private screening. Because of this, they are considered a form of lost media, particularly affecting television shows or films that aired before the widespread use of home video recording and digital archiving. A significant portion of early television programming was never recorded, largely because recording equipment was unavailable or the content was considered to have little monetary or historical value.
Wadi Hayl
Wadi Hayl is a seasonal watercourse in the Hajar Mountains of Fujairah, in the United Arab Emirates. The wadi runs from the Fujairah industrial suburb of Al Hayl through the old (now restored) village of Hayl and Hayl Fort, to reach the Wadi Helo.

Al Hayl
Al Hayl is a suburb of Fujairah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), at the mouth of the Wadi Hayl. The old village in the Wadi Hayl is traditionally the home of the Kunud (singular Al Kindi) tribe.

Hayl is the site of a Dhs1.7 billion construction project, Mohammed bin Zayed City, which is planned to comprise 1,100 houses and apartments, as well as offering community services.

Al Hayl Fort, a hilltop fortification that has been dated to 1932, stands over the restored old village of Hayl. The wadi also contains a collection of petroglyphs, thought to date back to the Iron Age. Over 100 examples of rock art have been documented but a number are under threat because of the expansion of quarries as well as industrial sites and residential areas.

The Kunud are thought to be descendants of Aswad Al Kindi, who moved to the area of Oman from Yemen in the time of Muhammad.
Sunan Gunungjati
Sunan Gunungjati (born: Syarif Hidayatullah (Arabic: شريف هداية  الله, Sharīf Hidāyah Allāh); 1448–1568) was one of the Wali Songo or nine saints of Islam revered in Indonesia for the propagation of Islam as the dominant religion in the region. He founded the Sultanate of Banten and the Sultanate of Cirebon on the north coast of Java.

Wali Sanga
Wali Songo (Javanese: ꦮꦭꦶꦱꦔ, lit. 'Nine Saints'), also transcribed as Wali Sanga, are revered saints of Islam in Indonesia, especially on the island of Java, because of their historic role in the spread of Islam in Indonesia. The word wali is Arabic for "trusted one" or "friend of God" ("saint" in this context), while the word sanga is Javanese for the number nine.

Although referred to as a group, there is good evidence that fewer than nine were alive at any given time. Also, some sources use the term "Wali Sanga" to refer to saintly mystic(s) other than the most well-known nine individuals. Each man is often attributed the title sunan in Javanese, which may derive from suhun, in this context meaning "honoured". Most of the wali were also called raden during their lifetimes, because they were members of royal houses.

The graves of the Wali Sanga are venerated as locations of ziarah (ziyarat) or local pilgrimage in Java. The graves are also known as pundhen in Javanese.
Dracaena tamaranae
Dracaena tamaranae, or drago de Gran Canaria, is a species of flowering plant endemic to the island of Gran Canaria, related to the dragon tree, Dracaena draco, and other species of Dracaena from East Africa. Since 1972, specimens of dragon tree have been identified in Gran Canaria with certain peculiarities. These were initially identified as specimens of Dracaena draco. However, a more detailed study concluded that it corresponded to a new species.

Dracaena (plant)
Dracaena is a genus of about 200–220 species of trees and succulent shrubs. The formerly accepted genera Pleomele and Sansevieria are now included in Dracaena. In the APG IV classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Convallarioideae (formerly the family Ruscaceae). It has also formerly been separated (sometimes with Cordyline) into the family Dracaenaceae or kept in the Agavaceae (now Agavoideae).

The name dracaena is derived from the Latinised form of the Ancient Greek δράκαινα – drakaina, "female dragon".

The Plants of the World Online database accepts 214 species as of September 2025. The majority of the species are native to Africa (including the Canary Islands and Socotra), southern Asia, and northern Australia, but also seven species in Hawai'i, and two in tropical Central America.
Karma (1933 film)
Karma is a 1933 bilingual film starring Devika Rani and Himanshu Rai. The film was directed by J.L. Freer Hunt and was a joint production between India, Germany and United Kingdom. Karma featured a four-minute kissing scene between the lead actors—Devika Rani and Rai—the longest in an Indian film. However, this has been incorrectly reported. The kissing scene features a series of kisses and is less than 2 minutes long.

Himanshu Rai
Himanshu Rai (1892 – 16 May 1940) was an Indian actor and film director. Regarded as one of the pioneers of Indian cinema, he is best known as the founder of the studio in 1934, along with Devika Rani. He was associated with a number of movies, including Goddess (1922), The Light of Asia (1925), Shiraz (1928), A Throw of Dice (1929) and Karma (1933). He was married to actress Devika Rani Chaudhuri (1929–1940).
Michael Olise
Michael Akpovie Olise (/ˈmaɪkəl ɒˈliseɪ/; MY-kəl o-LEE-say; French: [maikəl olisɛ]; born 12 December 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger and attacking midfielder for Bundesliga club Bayern Munich. Born in England, he plays for the France national team. Regarded as one of the best wingers in the world, he is known for his creativity, dribbling, and flair.

The product of various English academies, Olise made his professional debut for Reading in 2019. In 2021, he was signed by Premier League club Crystal Palace, where he spent three seasons and was nominated for PFA Young Player of the Year in 2024, before moving to Bayern.

Olise represented France at youth level and was included in their squad for the 2024 Summer Olympics. He made his debut for the senior French team in September 2024.

Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's football tournament at the 2024 Summer Olympics was held from 24 July to 9 August 2024. It was the 28th edition of the men's Olympic football tournament. Together with the women's competition, the 2024 Summer Olympics football tournament was held at seven stadiums in seven cities in France. Teams participating in the men's competition were restricted to under-23 players (born on or after 1 January 2001) with a maximum of three overage players allowed.

Brazil were the two-time defending champions, having won in 2016 and 2020, but did not qualify for this tournament.

Spain won their second gold medal and first since 1992, defeating hosts France 5–3 after extra time in the final, held at Parc des Princes in Paris.
Embroidered patch
An embroidered patch, also known as a cloth badge, is a piece of embroidery which is created by using a fabric backing and thread. The art of making embroidered patches is an old tradition and was  done by hand. During the first half of the twentieth century they were commonly embroidered using a Schiffli embroidery machine.  High-speed, computerized machines have led to mass production.

There are various methods of affixing them to the fabric surface. Embroidered patches can be attached with a pin, sewn on, or affixed with more modern methods such as iron-on, dryer heat-activated adhesive, and Velcro backing.

Schiffli embroidery machine
The schiffli embroidery machine is a multi-needle, industrial embroidery machine. It was invented by Isaak Gröbli in 1863. It was used to create various types of machine embroidery and certain types of lace. It was especially used in the textile industry of eastern Switzerland and Saxony Germany, but also in the United Kingdom and the United States. Schiffli machines evolved from, and eventually replaced manually operated "hand embroidery" machines.  The hand embroidery machine used double ended needles and passed the needles completely through the fabric.  Each needle had a single, continuous thread.  Whereas the schiffli machine used a lock stitch, the same technique used by the sewing machine. By the early twentieth century schiffli machines had standardized to ten and fifteen meters in width and used more than 600 needles.
Hairun
Sultan Hairun Jamilu (Jawi: سلطان حيور جميلو‎; c. 1522 – 28 February 1570) was the 6th Muslim ruler of Ternate in Maluku, reigning from 1535 to 1570. During his long reign, he had a shifting relation to the Portuguese who had a stronghold in Ternate and tried to dominate the spice trade in the region. This ended with his assassination at the hands of a Portuguese soldier in 1570.

Mir of Tidore
Sultan Mir (Jawi: سلطان مير‎); or Amiruddin Iskandar Dulkarna'in (امير الدين اسکندر ذوالقرنين‎; c. 1511 ― 1550s) was the third Sultan of Tidore in Maluku Islands. He had a long and troubled reign from 1526 to the 1550s where he tried to counter the hegemonic ambitions of the Portuguese and their Ternate allies. The global rivalries between Spain and Portugal characterized the period, and the two Iberian powers indiscriminately involved the spice sultanates Tidore and Ternate in their power game.
Kyle Lauletta
Kyle James Lauletta (born March 17, 1995) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Richmond Spiders and was selected by the New York Giants in the fourth round of the 2018 NFL draft. He was also a member of the NFL's Philadelphia Eagles, Atlanta Falcons, Cleveland Browns and Jacksonville Jaguars. He also played in the United States Football League (USFL) for the Pittsburgh Maulers and New Jersey Generals.

Richmond Spiders football
The Richmond Spiders are a college football team representing the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia. Richmond was the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision champion for the 2008 season. Richmond competes as an associate member of the Patriot League that competes in the NCAA's Division I Football Championship Subdivision. Former University of Tennessee at Chattanooga head coach Russ Huesman was named head coach of the Spiders, on December 14, 2016, replacing Danny Rocco who had departed to become head coach at the University of Delaware a day earlier.

In 2008, No. 7 Richmond beat Eastern Kentucky, Appalachian State, and Northern Iowa to advance to the NCAA Division I Football Championship against Montana. In the FCS National Championship Game on December 19, 2008, they defeated Montana 24–7 to win the first team NCAA national title for the University of Richmond in any sport.