hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nema (company)
Nema is a Faroese telecommunications, stationery and communications technology company, founded in February 2007 after the merger of Faroedane, Com-Data and Reproz.

After the parliament (Løgting) made a new law in 1999 that allowed others to compete with Telefonverk Føroya Løgtings (TFL), which in the process changed its name to Føroya Tele, in 2001 Kall and Tele F became one company, Kall. Kall was renamed as Vodafone in 2008 and then to Hey in 2018.

In January 2019, Nema and Hey was mergered, creating a telecommunications, stationery and communications technology company, but the Hey telecommunications service brand was kept. In 2022, The telecommunications service abandoned the Hey trademark to start using the company's commercial name, offering all its products under the Nema brand.

Føroya Tele
Føroya Tele P/f (FT) is the public telecommunications company in the Faroe Islands. It is one of the largest companies in the country with 230 employees and an annual turnover of around €40 million. The head office is in Tórshavn Municipality.

In 2005 the company had exactly 19,286 fixed network and 32,763 mobile phone customers (with a population of around 48,000).
310th Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 310th Infantry Regiment was a National Army Infantry Regiment first organized for service in World War I as part of the 78th Division.  It later served in the European Theater during World War II.  Since then it has served as a training Regiment, training Army Reserve and Army National Guard soldiers for service after the September 11 terrorist attacks.

78th Training Division
The 78th Training Division (Operations) ("Lightning") is a unit of the United States Army which served in World War I and World War II as the 78th Infantry Division, and currently trains and evaluates units of the United States Army Reserve for deployment.
Tre Van Die Kasie
Tretius Kauhangengo (born 1981), better known as Tre Van Die Kasie and most commonly referred to as Tre is a Namibian kwaito musician and rapper. Tre rose to fame after signing with Mshasho Productions in 2005. He is the half brother of fellow kwaito musician, Kavax.

Mshasho Productions
Mshasho Productions, also referred to as Mshasho Music Productions and Mshasho Records, is a Namibian Independent record label founded by Namibian musician and producer, Martin "The Dogg" Morocky in 2003. The company is a subsidiary of The Dogg's company Mshasho closed cooperation. The name Mshasho is derived from its original name Omushasho which is the Oshiwambo name for a shotgun. The label has shaped careers for artists such as Sunny Boy, OmPuff, Tre Van Die Kasie, TeQuila, Karlos Lokos, Chipolopolo, Richie and Kamasutra. The label has so far released ten albums, making it one of the leading record labels in the country.
Santiago, Cape Verde
Santiago (Portuguese for “Saint James”) is the largest island of Cape Verde, its most important agricultural centre and home to half the nation's population. Part of the Sotavento Islands, it lies between the islands of Maio (26 km (16 mi) to the east) and Fogo (55 kilometres (34 miles) to the west). It was the first of the islands to be settled: the town of Ribeira Grande (now Cidade Velha and a UNESCO World Heritage Site) was founded in 1462. Santiago is home to the nation's capital city of Praia.

Fogo, Cape Verde
Fogo (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈfoɡu]; Portuguese for "fire") is an island in the Sotavento group of Cape Verde in the central Atlantic Ocean. Its population is 35,837 (2015),: 36  with an area of 476 km2 (184 sq mi).: 25  It reaches the highest altitude of all the islands in Cape Verde, rising to 2,829 metres (9,281 feet) above sea level at the summit of its active volcano, Pico do Fogo.: 25
Mennock
Mennock is a small village or hamlet which lies 2 miles (3.2 km) south-east of Sanquhar on the A76, in Dumfriesshire, in the District Council Region of Dumfries and Galloway, southwest Scotland. Its original nucleus are the old smithy and corn mill with associated buildings. The site is dominated by the A76 that runs through the centre of Mennock. The village has expanded in recent years with housing on the River Nith side of the A76.

Sanquhar
Sanquhar /ˈsæŋkər/ (Scots: Sanchar, Scottish Gaelic: Seanchair) is a town on the River Nith in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, north of Thornhill and west of Moffat. It is a former Royal Burgh.

It is notable for its tiny post office, established in 1712 and considered the oldest working post office in the world. It was also where the Covenanters, who opposed episcopalisation of the church, signed the Sanquhar Declaration renouncing their allegiance to the King, an event commemorated by a monument in the main street.

The church of St Bride's contains a memorial to James Crichton, a 16th-century polymath. The ruins of Sanquhar Castle stand nearby. Nithsdale Wanderers, the local football team, were formed in 1897. In 1924–25, they won the Scottish Division Three.

The town celebrates the granting of its Royal Charter on the 3rd Saturday in August each year. The day consists of a procession of horses, decorated floats and massed pipes and drums around the town.
Solar eclipse of September 8, 1801
A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Tuesday, September 8, 1801, with a magnitude of 0.1614. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

The partial solar eclipse was visible for parts of modern-day eastern Russia and western Alaska.

Solar eclipse of April 13, 1801
A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Monday, April 13, 1801, with a magnitude of 0.4208. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

The partial solar eclipse was visible for parts of modern-day eastern Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, and western Russia.
Crusaders (Marvel Comics)
The Crusaders is a group of fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The characters first appear in The Invaders #14 (March 1977) and were created by Roy Thomas, Jack Kirby, and Frank Robbins.

Destroyer (Marvel Comics)
The Destroyer is the name of three superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The original incarnation was created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Binder and first appeared in Mystic Comics #6 (October 1941), being one of Lee's earliest creations during the Golden Age of Comic Books.

Subsequent incarnations created by Roy Thomas and Frank Robbins appeared in The Invaders #18 (July 1977), and The Invaders #26 (March 1978). The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe clarifies that all three versions of the character are considered canon.
Buick Super
The Buick Super is a full-sized automobile produced by Buick from 1940 through the 1958 model years, with a brief hiatus from 1943 through 1945. The first generation shared the longer wheelbase with the top level Roadmaster while offering the smaller displacement engine from the Buick Special. The Super prioritized passenger comfort over engine performance. For several years, it was called the "Buick Eight" or "Super Eight" due to the engravement on the grille while all Buick's since 1931 were all installed with the Buick Straight-8 engine with varying engine displacement.

Super returned as a performance trim level on V8-powered LaCrosse and Lucerne sedans from 2008 until 2011.

Buick
Buick (/ˈbjuːɪk/; BYOO-ik) is a division of the American automobile manufacturer, General Motors (GM). Started by automotive pioneer David Dunbar Buick in 1899, it was among the first American automobile brands and was the company that established General Motors in 1908. Before the establishment of General Motors, GM founder William C. Durant had served as Buick's general manager and major investor. With the demise of Oldsmobile in 2004, Buick became the oldest surviving American carmaker. Buick is positioned as a premium automobile brand, selling vehicles positioned below the flagship luxury Cadillac division.
San Juan de los Lagos
San Juan de los Lagos (English: Saint John of the Lakes) is a city and municipality located in the northeast corner of the state of Jalisco, Mexico, in a region known as Los Altos.  It is best known as the home of a small image of the Virgin Mary called Our Lady of San Juan de los Lagos (Nahuatl: Cihuapilli, lit. "Great Lady"). Miracles have been ascribed to her since 1632 and have made the Basilica of San Juan de los Lagos a major tourist attraction. The economy of the city is still heavily dependent on the flow of pilgrims to the shrine, which has amounted to between seven and nine million visitors per year.

Altos de Jalisco
The Altos de Jalisco, or the Jaliscan Highlands, is a geographic and cultural region in the eastern part of the Mexican state of Jalisco, famed as a bastion of Mexican culture, cradling traditions from Tequila production to Charrería equestrianism. Los Altos are part of the greater Bajío (The Lowlands) region of Mexico.

The Altos are primarily a rural or semi-rural region, known for its towns of historic Mexican colonial architecture, deep Catholic conservatism and numerous Mexican traditions such as equestrianism, mariachi music, tequila production, and traditional Mexican dances and festivals. A significant portion of the population consists of Mexicans of European descent, primarily from the criollos of Castillian, Extremaduran, Galician, Basque, and Andalusian origin, but also from early Portuguese, Italian and Sephardic Jews settlers and later immigrants from other parts of Europe.
International Ice Hockey Association
The International Ice Hockey Association was a governing body for international ice hockey. It was established in 1940 when the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association wanted more control over international hockey, and was in disagreement with the definition of amateur used by the International Olympic Committee. The Amateur Hockey Association of the United States co-founded the association, with the British Ice Hockey Association joining later. The association oversaw the relationships between the National Hockey League, and leagues within the national amateur associations. W. G. Hardy served as its president, and planned for an amateur hockey World Series after World War II. The association was merged into the Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace in 1947.

Ice Hockey UK
Ice Hockey UK (IHUK) is the national governing body of ice hockey in the United Kingdom. Affiliated to the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), IHUK is the internationally recognised umbrella body in the United Kingdom. IHUK was created to replace the British Ice Hockey Association (BIHA). The organisation is responsible to the IIHF for the good order of the sport in the UK. The IHUK is charged with ensuring that all overseas players are properly cleared to play and that the rules and by-laws of the IIHF are upheld. Ice Hockey UK runs the men's (Great Britain men's national ice hockey team) and women's senior, and Under 20 and Under 18, national teams. Ice Hockey UK founded a youth development league in 2014, with the aim to grow future national team players.
Kärt Johanson
Kärt Johanson (born 8 November 1971) is an Estonian singer and actor.

She was born in Tallinn. In 1997 she graduated from Estonian Institute of Humanities.

She is one of the founder members of the theatre foundation Theatrum (established in 1994).

As a singer, she has been a member of musical group Johanson & Vennad. She has also sung together with Tõnis Mägi.

Since 2001 she is married to singer Tõnis Mägi. The couple have two daughters.

Tõnis Mägi
Tõnis Mägi (born 18 November 1948) is an Estonian singer, guitarist, composer and actor. He is one of the most influential and remarkable names in Estonian rock music of the past 40 years. More recently, he is known for his political activity in support of the right-wing populist and national-conservative Conservative People's Party of Estonia as well as vaccine hesitancy.
New York State Route 349
New York State Route 349 (NY 349) is an east–west state highway in Fulton County, New York, in the United States. The highway extends for 3.58 miles (5.76 km) across largely rural terrain from an intersection with NY 30A in the town of Johnstown to a junction with NY 30 in the town of Mayfield. The westernmost section of the route is known as East State Street Extension. NY 349 was assigned c. 1931 to the portion of its alignment between County Route 154 (CR 154; then NY 148) and NY 30. It was extended west to its present terminus in the mid-1950s after NY 148 was rerouted onto an arterial highway between Gloversville and Mayfield.

Mayfield, New York
Mayfield is a town in Fulton County, New York, United States, northeast of Gloversville and Johnstown. The town contains a village also named Mayfield. The population of the town was 6,495 at the 2010 census.
Mongolian National Democratic Party (1992–2000)
The Mongolian National Democratic Party (MNDP) (Mongolian: Монгол Үндэсний Ардчилсан Нам, romanized: Mongol Ündesniy Ardchilsan Nam) was a Mongolian political party established in 1992 with the merger of the Mongolian National Progress Party, the Mongolian Democratic Party, and the Mongolian Renaissance Party.

Mongolian Democratic Party (1990)
The Mongolian Democratic Party (MDP) (Mongolian: Монголын Ардчилсан Нам, romanized: Mongolyn Ardchilsan Nam) was a political party in Mongolia that existed from 1990 to 1992. The MDP was the main opposition party from 1990 until 1992, when it merged with the Mongolian National Progress Party and founded the Mongolian National Democratic Party. The latter party later became a founding member of the modern-day Democratic Party.
KING-TV
KING-TV (channel 5) is a television station in Seattle, Washington, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by Tegna Inc. alongside Everett-licensed KONG (channel 16), an independent station. The two stations share studios at the Home Plate Center in the SoDo district of Seattle; KING-TV's transmitter is located in the city's Queen Anne neighborhood.

Debuting as the first television station in the Pacific Northwest, channel 5 was purchased by and became the flagship station of Dorothy Bullitt's King Broadcasting Company eight months into broadcasting; the company still exists as a license holder for its properties under Tegna ownership. The station became an NBC affiliate in 1959 and has generally led the Seattle television market since.

Dorothy Bullitt
Dorothy Stimson Bullitt (February 5, 1892 – June 27, 1989) was an American businesswoman and philanthropist. A radio and television pioneer, she founded King Broadcasting Company, a major owner of broadcast stations in Seattle, Washington. She was the first woman in the United States to buy and manage a television station.
Ilmar Raag
Ilmar Raag (born 21 May 1968 in Kuressaare) is an Estonian media executive, actor, screenwriter and film director, best known for his socio-critical film The Class. He was CEO of Estonian Television from 2002 to 2005. He is a well known columnist in many prestigious Estonian newspapers (Postimees, Eesti Päevaleht). He has written many scripts and directed critically acclaimed films, notably August 1991 and The Class.

The Class (2007 film)
The Class (Estonian: Klass) is a 2007 Estonian drama film directed by Ilmar Raag. Themed on school violence, it was released on March 16, 2007. A 7 episode series was later produced, telling what happens after the initial movie. The series was called Class: Life After (Estonian: Klass: Elu pärast, which can also be translated as "Class: For Life/Life After").
Rényi entropy
In information theory, the Rényi entropy is a quantity that generalizes various notions of entropy, including Hartley entropy, Shannon entropy, collision entropy, and min-entropy. The Rényi entropy is named after Alfréd Rényi, who looked for the most general way to quantify information while preserving additivity for independent events. In the context of fractal dimension estimation, the Rényi entropy forms the basis of the concept of generalized dimensions.

The Rényi entropy is important in ecology and statistics as index of diversity.  The Rényi entropy is also important in quantum information, where it can be used as a measure of entanglement.  In the Heisenberg XY spin chain model, the Rényi entropy as a function of α can be calculated explicitly because it is an automorphic function with respect to a particular subgroup of the modular group.  In theoretical computer science, the min-entropy is used in the context of randomness extractors.

Hartley function
The Hartley function is a measure of uncertainty, introduced by Ralph Hartley in 1928. If a sample from a finite set A uniformly at random is picked, the amount of information revealed after the outcome is known is given by the Hartley function

where |A| denotes the cardinality of A.

If the base of the logarithm is 2, then the unit of uncertainty is the shannon (more commonly known as bit). If it is the natural logarithm, then the unit is the nat. Hartley used a base-ten logarithm, and with this base, the unit of information is called the hartley (aka ban or dit) in his honor. It is also known as the Hartley entropy or max-entropy.
Hober Mallow
Hober Mallow is a fictional character in the Foundation series by Isaac Asimov. In the 1944 novella "The Big and the Little", he is a Master Trader for the Foundation who pioneers the use of commerce to increase the Foundation's power and influence across the galaxy.

Mallow is voiced by Julian Glover in the 1973 BBC Radio 4 adaptation The Foundation Trilogy. He is portrayed by Dimitri Leonidas in season two of the 2021 Apple TV+ television series adaptation Foundation.

Foundation (Asimov novel)
Foundation is a science fiction novel by American writer Isaac Asimov. It is the first book in the Foundation Trilogy (which later expanded into the Foundation series). Foundation is a cycle of five interrelated short stories, first published as a single book by Gnome Press in 1951. Collectively they tell the early story of the Foundation, an institute founded by psychohistorian Hari Seldon to preserve the best of galactic civilization after his predicted collapse of the Galactic Empire.
Carolines Question
The Carolines Question (or the Carolines Crisis) was a dispute between the German Empire and the Kingdom of Spain over the sovereignty of the Caroline Islands and Palau in the western Pacific. It took place in 1885, at the beginning of the German colonial empire and towards the end of the Spanish Empire.

Caroline Islands
The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the central and eastern parts of the group, and Palau at the extreme western end. Historically, this area was also called Nuevas Filipinas or New Philippines, because they were part of the Spanish East Indies and were governed from Manila in the Philippines.

The Carolines are scattered across a distance of approximately 3,540 kilometres (2,200 mi; 1,910 nmi), from the westernmost island, Tobi, in Palau, to the easternmost island, Kosrae, a state of the FSM.
Christer Björkman
Christer Samuel Björkman (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈkrɪ̌sːtɛr ˈbjœ̌rkman]; born 25 August 1957) is a Swedish singer and television producer. He represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1992 with the song "I morgon är en annan dag". From 2002 to 2021, he served as a producer of Melodifestivalen, and has remained an important figure in the production of Melodifestivalen and the Eurovision Song Contest. He stepped down from this position after Melodifestivalen 2021, and is currently working at Voxovation, a Los Angeles-based company that focuses on expanding the Eurovision Song Contest brand into other markets.

Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1992
Sweden was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1992 with the song "I morgon är en annan dag", written by Niklas Strömstedt, and performed by Christer Björkman. The Swedish participating broadcaster, Sveriges Television (SVT), selected its entry through Melodifestivalen 1992. In addition, SVT was also the host broadcaster and staged the event at the Malmö Isstadion in Malmö, after winning the previous edition with the song "Fångad av en stormvind" by Carola.
Bolad
Bolad (Mongolian: Болад чинсан, Болад ага, Болд, Persian: پولاد, romanized: Pulâd, Chinese: 孛羅; pinyin: Bóluó; Wade–Giles: Po-lo, d.1313), was an ethnic Mongol minister of the Yuan dynasty of China, and later served in the Ilkhanate as the representative of the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire and cultural adviser to the Ilkhans. He also provided valuable information to Rashid-al-Din Hamadani to write about the Mongols. Mongolists consider him a cultural bridge between East and West. He was ennobled by Emperor Renzong of Yuan as Duke of Ze (澤國公) in 1311 and Prince of Yongfeng (永豐郡王) in 1313, posthumously.

Rashid al-Din Hamadani
Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb (Persian: رشیدالدین طبیب;‎ 1247–1318; also known as Rashīd al-Dīn Faḍlullāh Hamadānī, Persian: رشیدالدین فضل‌الله همدانی) was a statesman, historian, and physician in Ilkhanate Iran.

Having converted to Islam from Judaism by the age of 30 in 1277, Rashid al-Din became the powerful vizier of Ilkhan Ghazan. He was commissioned by Ghazan to write the Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh, now considered the most important single source for the history of the Ilkhanate period and the Mongol Empire. He retained his position as a vizier until 1316.

After being charged with poisoning the Ilkhanid king Öljaitü, he was executed in 1318.

Historian Morris Rossabi calls Rashid al-Din "arguably the most distinguished figure in Persia during Mongolian rule".  He was a prolific author and established the Rab'-e Rashidi academic foundation in Tabriz.
Tai Le script
The Tai Le script (ᥖᥭᥰ ᥘᥫᥴ, [tai˦.lə˧˥]), or Dehong Dai script, is a Brahmic script used to write the Tai Nüa language spoken by the Tai Nua people of south-central Yunnan, China. (The language is also known as Nɯa, Dehong Dai and Chinese Shan.) It is written in horizontal lines from left to right, with spaces only between clauses and sentences.

The Tai Le script is approximately 700–800 years old and has used several different orthographic conventions.

Brahmic scripts
The Brahmic scripts, also known as Indic scripts, are a family of abugida writing systems. They are descended from the Brahmi script of ancient India and are used by various languages in several language families in South, East and Southeast Asia: Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman, Mongolic, Austroasiatic, Austronesian, and Tai. They were also the source of the dictionary order (gojūon) of Japanese kana.