hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
Hamad bin Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa (born 28 January 1950) has been the ruler of Bahrain since 1999. A member of the ruling Al Khalifa dynasty, he has reigned as King of Bahrain since 2002, having previously reigned as emir.

House of Khalifa
The House of Khalifa (Arabic: آل خليفة, romanized: Āl Khalīfah) is the ruling family of the Kingdom of Bahrain. They profess Sunni Islam and belong to the Anizah tribe. Some members of this tribe joined the Utub alliance which migrated from Najd in central Arabia to Kuwait, then ruled all of Qatar, more specifically Al Zubarah, which they built and ruled over before settling in Bahrain in the early 17th century. The current head of the family is King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, who became the Emir of Bahrain in 1999 and proclaimed himself King of Bahrain in 2002, in fact becoming a constitutional monarch.

As of 2025, roughly half of the serving cabinet ministers of Bahrain were members of the Al Khalifa royal family, while the country's Prime Minister, Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, is also from the Al Khalifa family and is the son of the current King.
Thomas Rosica
Thomas Michael Rosica, C.S.B. (born March 3, 1959) is an American Catholic priest, author, and Basilian Father. He was formerly chief executive officer of Salt + Light Catholic Media Foundation, English-language media attaché of the Holy See Press Office, and president of Assumption University in Windsor, Ontario. He resigned from Salt + Light and other positions in 2019 following substantiated allegations of plagiarism.

Congregation of St. Basil
The Congregation of St. Basil (Latin: Congregatio a Sancto Basilio, abbreviation CSB), also called the Basilians, is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right for men, with priests, seminarians and lay associates. It is an apostolic community whose members profess simple vows. The Basilians work in education and evangelization. The congregation was founded in 1822 in the aftermath of the French Revolution. In the early 19th century, the Basilians' educational and pastoral work brought them to a variety of locations in Canada and the United States. In the 1960s, the priests began to minister in Mexico, and in Colombia in the 1980s.
Craigieburn, New Zealand
Craigieburn is the name of a settlement and several geographic features in northwest Canterbury, in New Zealand's South Island.

The Craigieburn Range of mountains is located on the south banks of the Waimakariri River, south of Arthur's Pass. The Craigieburn Valley Ski Area is located on its slopes, as is the Craigieburn Forest Park. The ski slopes are within an hour and a half from Christchurch New Zealand.

The small Lake Hawdon lies immediately to the west of Craigieburn.

Arthur's Pass
Arthur's Pass, previously called Camping Flat then Bealey Flats, and for some time officially Arthur Pass, is a township in the Southern Alps of the South Island of New Zealand, located in the Selwyn district. It is a popular base for exploring Arthur's Pass National Park.

Arthur's Pass township is about five kilometres (3.1 mi) south of the mountain pass with the same name. At an elevation of 740 metres (2,430 ft) above sea level, the settlement is surrounded by beech forest. The Bealey River runs through the township. The town is located 153 kilometres (95 mi) from Christchurch, a two-hour drive on State Highway 73.
Mitsuko Aoyama
Mitsuko Thekla Maria, Countess of Coudenhove-Kalergi (German: Mitsuko Thekla Maria Gräfin von Coudenhove-Kalergi, born Mitsuko Aoyama (青山光子); 7 July 1874 – 27 August 1941) was one of the first Japanese people to immigrate to Europe, after becoming the wife of an Austro-Hungarian diplomat, Heinrich von Coudenhove-Kalergi, in Tokyo. She was the mother of Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi and the Catholic author Ida Friederike Görres (née von Coudenhove-Kalergi).

Ida Friederike Görres
Ida Friederike Görres (born Elisabeth Friederike, Reichsgräfin von Coudenhove-Kalergi; 2 December 1901 in Schloss Ronsperg, Bohemia – 15 May 1971 in Frankfurt am Main) was a Catholic writer. From the Coudenhove-Kalergi family, she was the daughter, one of the seven children, of Count Heinrich von Coudenhove-Kalergi and his Japanese wife Mitsuko Aoyama. Bishop Erik Varden described her as "one of the seminal Catholic thinkers of the twentieth century."
Diocese of Murska Sobota
The Diocese of Murska Sobota  (Latin: Dioecesis Sobotensis; Slovene: Škofija Murska Sobota) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Murska Sobota in the ecclesiastical province of Maribor in Slovenia.

Archdiocese of Maribor
The Archdiocese of Maribor (Latin: Archidioecesis Mariborensis, Slovene: Nadškofija Maribor) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Slovenia. Its episcopal see is Maribor.
Auntie Mame
Auntie Mame: An Irreverent Escapade is a 1955 novel by American author Patrick Dennis chronicling the madcap adventures of a boy, Patrick, growing up as the ward of his Aunt Mame Dennis, the sister of his dead father.

The book is often described as having been inspired by Dennis' real-life eccentric aunt, Marion Tanner, whose life and outlook mirrored those of Mame, but Dennis denied the connection. The novel was a runaway bestseller, setting records on the New York Times bestseller list, with more than 2 million copies in print during its initial publication. It became the basis of a stage play, a film, a stage musical, and a film musical.

In 1958, Dennis wrote a sequel titled Around the World with Auntie Mame.

Mame (film)
Mame is a 1974 American Technicolor musical film in Panavision based on the 1966 Broadway musical of the same name (itself based on the 1958 film Auntie Mame) and the 1955 novel Auntie Mame by Patrick Dennis.

It was directed by Gene Saks, and adapted by Paul Zindel, and starred Lucille Ball in her final feature film role. The musical numbers were choreographed by Onna White. The film also stars Bea Arthur, Bruce Davison, Robert Preston, and Jane Connell.

The story focuses on the madcap life of Mame Dennis (Ball), which is disrupted when she becomes the guardian of her deceased brother's son. She marries a wealthy Southern plantation owner (Preston), is widowed, yet through it all, with the help of her dearest friend, Vera Charles (Arthur), manages to keep things under control.
Korea Aerospace Research Institute
The Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI; Korean: 한국항공우주연구원), established in 1989, is the aeronautics and space agency of South Korea.  Its main laboratories are located in Daejeon, in the Daedeok Science Town. KARI's vision is to continue building upon indigenous launch capabilities, strengthen national safety and public service, industrialize satellite information and applications technology, explore the Moon, and develop environmentally-friendly and highly-efficient cutting-edge aircraft and core aerospace technology.  Current projects include the KSLV-2 launcher. Past projects include the 1999 Arirang-1 satellite.  The agency was founded in 1989.  Prior to South Korea's entry into the Institute for Advanced Engineering (IAE) in 1992, it focused primarily on aerospace technology. As of May 2024, KARI is an affiliated research institute of the Korea AeroSpace Administration.

Nuri (rocket)
Nuri (Korean: 누리; lit. world), also known as KSLV-II (Korean Space Launch Vehicle-II), is an expendable, three-stage-to-orbit, small-lift launch vehicle, the second one developed by South Korea and the successor to Naro-1 (KSLV-1). It is developed by Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI). All three stages use Korean developed launch vehicle engines, making Nuri the first orbital launch vehicle entirely developed and manufactured in South Korea.
New York Railways Company
The New York Railways Company operated street railways in Manhattan, New York City, between 1911 and 1925. The company went into receivership in 1919 and control was passed to the New York Railways Corporation in 1925 after which all of its remaining lines were replaced with bus routes.

New York Railways Corporation
The New York Railways Corporation was a railway company that operated street railways in Manhattan, New York City, United States, between 1925 and 1936. During 1935/1936 it converted its remaining lines to bus routes which were operated by the New York City Omnibus Corporation, and now operated by the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority. The organization was the successor to the New York Railways Company which was in receivership.
Woolmanhill Hospital
Woolmanhill Hospital was a health facility in the city centre of Aberdeen, Scotland.  It was the original Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, a complex which opened in 1749 and was replaced by new facility at Foresterhill in 1936. After services transferred to Aberdeen Community Health and Care Village, the Foresterhill site and Woodend Hospital, the Woolmanhill Hospital closed in April 2017. The complex is centred on a neo-classical main block with later nineteenth century buildings to the rear. Unusually, it has remained largely complete, with later building having taken place at Foresterhill. It was managed by NHS Grampian.

Aberdeen Royal Infirmary
The Aberdeen Royal Infirmary (ARI) is the largest hospital in the Grampian area, located on the Foresterhill site in Aberdeen, Scotland. The ARI is a teaching hospital with around 900 inpatient beds, offering tertiary care for a population of over 600,000 across the north of Scotland. It offers all medical specialities with the exception of heart and liver transplants. It is managed by NHS Grampian.
Wang Meng (Former Qin)
Wang Meng (Chinese: 王猛; pinyin: Wáng Měng; 325 – August or September 375), courtesy name Jinglüe (景略), formally Marquess Wu of Qinghe (清河武侯), was a Chinese military general and politician. He served as a chancellor of the Former Qin dynasty of China and under the Emperor Xuanzhao in the fourth century AD. Under his governance, the Former Qin expanded from encompassing only most of Shaanxi, eastern Gansu, and extreme western Shanxi and Henan, to covering nearly all of then-Chinese territory north of the Huai River and the southwest. He is commonly regarded as one of the greatest statesmen in Chinese history. Wang Meng is depicted in the Wu Shuang Pu (無雙譜, Table of Peerless Heroes) by Jin Guliang.

Fu Jian (337–385)
Fu Jian (Chinese: 苻堅; 337 –16 October 385), courtesy name Yonggu (永固) or Wenyu (文玉), also known by his posthumous name as the Emperor Xuanzhao of Former Qin (前秦宣昭帝), was the third monarch of the Di-led Chinese Former Qin dynasty, ruling as Heavenly King. Under his reign, the Former Qin unified Northern China by conquering the Former Yan, Chouchi, Former Liang, and Dai, as well as the Eastern Jin's Yi Province (modern Sichuan and Chongqing), until he was repelled at the Battle of Fei River in 383. Following this defeat, the Former Qin state disintegrated and Fu was assassinated in 385 by Yao Chang, his former subordinate who then founded the Later Qin dynasty. He was considered by traditional histories to be a virtuous and just ruler, who, ironically, by sparing too many of his enemies after defeating them, led to his own downfall.
Nathan Eckstein
Nathan Eckstein (January 10, 1873 – October 21, 1945) was a German-born American businessman, associated in business and by marriage with the Schwabacher Brothers firm and family. In 1926 he received the honor of being named "Seattle's Most Useful Citizen", an honor sponsored by the Seattle Post-Intelligencer  and chosen by service clubs and community organizations. At that time, Seattle's Jewish Transcript called him "the man who has brought the greatest amount of respect and prestige to the Jewish people of Seattle." Seattle's Nathan Eckstein Middle School is named in his honor.

Schwabacher Brothers
The Schwabacher Brothers—Louis Schwabacher (1837 – June 3, 1900), Abraham (Abe) Schwabacher (c. 1838 – September 7, 1909), and Sigmund (Sig) Schwabacher (May 14, 1841 – March 20, 1917)—were pioneering Bavarian-born Jewish merchants, important in the economic development of the Washington Territory and later Washington state. They owned several businesses bearing their family name, first in San Francisco, then in Walla Walla, Washington, and later in Seattle. Notable among these businesses were Schwabacher Bros. of San Francisco (wholesale grocery); Schwabacher Bros. & Company (later Pacific Marine Schwabacher), the Schwabacher Realty Company, the Gatzert-Schwabacher Land Company, and the Schwabacher Hardware Company, all ultimately based in Seattle; and the Stockton Milling Company.
Kaiser Center for the Arts
The Henry J. Kaiser Center for the Arts is a historic, publicly owned multi-purpose building located in Oakland, California. Originally known as the Oakland Civic Auditorium, it was renamed in honor of Henry J. Kaiser following a 1984 renovation, and was renamed as the Henry J. Kaiser Center for the Arts in 2023.  Heller Manus Architects led the building’s seismic retrofit and renovation.

The Beaux-Arts style landmark was completed in 1915. The architect was John J. Donovan. The structural engineer was Maurice Couchot. The facility includes a 72,000sf, 5,492-seat arena, 1,500 seats Calvin Simmons Theatre, and a large ballroom. The building is #27 on the list of Oakland Historic Landmarks., and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.

The building is located at 10 10th Street, in the Civic Center district of the city. It is next to the Oakland Museum, Laney College, Lake Merritt, and near the Lake Merritt BART station.

Lake Merritt
Lake Merritt is a lake located in a large tidal lagoon basin in the center of Oakland, California, just east of Downtown. It is named after Samuel Merritt, Oakland's mayor in 1867–1869, who had the lagoon dammed turning the varying tidal lagoon into a stable salt-water lake. It is surrounded by parkland and city neighborhoods.  Historically significant as the first official wildlife refuge in the United States, designated in 1870, the lake has been listed as a National Historic Landmark since 1963. The circumference of the lake is 3.4 miles (5.5 km), with an area of 155 acres (63 ha).

The lake features grassy shores, several artificial islands intended as bird refuges, and an interpretive center called the Rotary Nature Center at Lakeside Park. There is a small fairy-tale themed amusement park called Children's Fairyland and The Gardens at Lake Merritt is also in the park. A popular walking and jogging path runs along the lake's perimeter.
Interstate 820
Interstate 820 (I-820) is an auxiliary route of I-20 in Fort Worth, Texas, of approximately 35.173 miles (56.605 km) around the city and some of its suburbs. Exit numbers begin at its interchange with I-20 in southwest Fort Worth and continue in a clockwise direction around the city until it ends at its interchange with I-20 in southeast Fort Worth. A portion of I-820 in the northeast quadrant is cosigned with State Highway 121 (SH 121) as well as SH 183.

The northwest segment of the loop is officially designated as the Jim Wright Freeway after former U.S. House Speaker Jim Wright. The name, however, is not commonly used; the colloquial reference by the general public is "Loop 820", or simply just 820. Additionally, the area of the highway is given based on its direction from Downtown Fort Worth; for example, "North Loop 820" or "East Loop 820" respectively specify the areas to the north or east of downtown. These colloquial designations do not refer to the direction of traffic flow.

Interstate 20 in Texas
Interstate 20 (I-20) is a major east–west Interstate Highway in Texas, running east from a junction with I-10 east of Kent, Texas, through the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex to the Louisiana state line near Waskom, Texas.  The original distance of I-20 was 647 miles (1,041 km) from I-10 to the Louisiana state line, reduced to the current distance of 636 miles (1,024 km) with the rerouting of I-20 in the 1980s and 1990s. I-20 is known as the Ronald Reagan Memorial Highway within the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.
Julian C. Smith
Julian Constable Smith (September 11, 1885 – November 5, 1975) was a United States Marine Corps general who served for 37 years, including service in Nicaragua (Navy Cross) and during World War II's Battle of Tarawa (Distinguished Service Medal).

Battle of Tarawa
1°25′37″N 172°58′32″E﻿ / ﻿1.42694°N 172.97556°E﻿ / 1.42694; 172.97556

The Battle of Tarawa was fought on 20–23 November 1943 between the United States and Japan on Tarawa Atoll in the Gilbert Islands, and was part of Operation Galvanic, the U.S. invasion of the Gilberts. Nearly 6,400 Japanese, Koreans, and Americans died during the battle, mostly on and around the small island of Betio, in the extreme southwest of Tarawa Atoll. At the time, Betio was only 118 hectares (290 acres).

The Battle of Tarawa was the first American offensive in the critical Central Pacific region. It was also the first time in the Pacific War that the United States faced serious Japanese opposition to an amphibious landing. Previous landings had met little to no initial resistance, but on Tarawa the 4,500 Japanese defenders were well supplied and well prepared, and they fought almost to the last man, exacting a heavy toll on the United States Marine Corps.
Princess Feodora Adelheid of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
Princess Feodora Adelheid of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (Feodora Adelheid Helene Louise Caroline Pauline Alice Jenny; 3 July 1874 – 21 June 1910) was a member of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg and was the daughter of Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein.

Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein
Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (Danish: Frederik Christian August af Slesvig-Holsten-Sønderborg-Augustenborg; German: Friedrich Christian August Herzog von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg; 6 July 1829 – 14 January 1880) was the German pretender to the throne of second duke of Schleswig-Holstein from 1863, although in reality Prussia took overlordship and real administrative power.
Market Harborough railway station
Market Harborough railway station serves the town of Market Harborough, in Leicestershire, England. It is situated to the east of the town centre and lies on the Midland Main Line, 16 miles (26 km) south-east of Leicester. The building is Grade II listed.

Leicester railway station
Leicester railway station (formerly Leicester Campbell Street and Leicester London Road) is a main line railway station in the city of Leicester, in Leicestershire, England. The station is managed by East Midlands Railway and owned by Network Rail. Trains are operated by CrossCountry and East Midlands Railway services. It is the busiest station in Leicestershire, the second busiest station in the East Midlands and the fifth busiest station in the Midlands as a whole.

Leicester station was opened in 1840 by the Midland Counties Railway and rebuilt in 1894 and 1978. It is on the Midland Main Line, which runs from London St Pancras to Sheffield and Nottingham. It is 99 miles 7 chains (159.5 km) north of London St Pancras.
BrainCraft
BrainCraft is an educational video series on YouTube created by Australian science communicator Vanessa Hill. Hill's videos use stop motion and paper craft animation to explain neuroscience, psychology and human behavior. BrainCraft is part of the PBS Digital Studios network.

PBS Digital Studios
PBS Digital Studios is a non-profit organization through which PBS distributes original educational web video content. Based in Arlington, Virginia, it comprises both original series and partnerships with existing YouTube channels. Most of the series are about science, popular culture, art, food, news, and music.
Ballymakeera
Ballymakeera or Ballymakeery (Irish: Baile Mhic Íre [ˈbˠalʲə vʲɪc ˈiːɾʲə], meaning "Townland of the Sons of Íre") is a small townland and Gaeltacht village in the civil parish of Ballyvourney, barony of Muskerry West, County Cork, Ireland.

The village, which in turn has postal addresses of Ballymakeera East and Ballymakeera West, forms part of the twin villages of Ballymakeery and Ballyvourney. The village is situated in the valley of the River Sullane on the N22 national primary road. It is within the Muskerry Gaeltacht. Ballymakeera is part of the Dáil constituency of Cork North-West.

Three Ogham stones are nearby with the somewhat later addition of a Christian shrine to St Abán.

Ballyvourney
Ballyvourney (Irish: Baile Bhuirne [ˌbˠalʲə ˈwuːɾˠn̠ʲə], meaning 'Town of the Beloved', also spelled Baile Mhúirne) is a Gaeltacht village in southwest County Cork, Ireland. Ballyvourney is also a civil parish in the barony of Muskerry West, and an ecclesiastical parish in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cloyne.
Chen (state)
Chen (simplified Chinese: 陈; traditional Chinese: 陳; pinyin: Chén) was a state founded by Duke Hu of Chen during the Zhou dynasty of ancient China. It existed from c. 1045 BC–479 BC. Its capital was Wanqiu, in present-day Huaiyang County in the plains of eastern Henan province. Chen, the 4th most popular Chinese surname in the world, and members of the Hu clan, the 13th most popular Chinese surname in the world, would claim descent from the Duke Hu of Chen who was in turn descended from the legendary Emperor Shun. At its peak, Chen encompassed fourteen cities in modern-day Henan and Anhui.

Hu (surname)
Hu (胡) is a Chinese surname. In 2006, it was the 15th most common surname in China. In 2013, it was the 13th most common in China, with 13.7 million Chinese sharing this surname. In 2019, Hu dropped to 15th most common surname in mainland China.

Some other, less common surnames pronounced Hu include 瓠, 護, 戶, 扈, 虎, 呼, 忽, 斛 and 壶. In Cantonese, “胡” is also pronounced as "Wu" or "Woo".
Ongjin County, Incheon
Ongjin County (Korean: 옹진군) is a county in Incheon Metropolitan City, South Korea. It consists of a group of islands in the Yellow Sea (West Sea).

Four of the islands, Yeonpyeong Island, Baengnyeong, Daecheong, and Socheong Islands, are very near the Northern Limit Line. They are close to the Ongjin Peninsula of South Hwanghae Province in North Korea, at a considerable distance from the nearest part of the South Korean mainland. These islands are popular destinations for tourism. In historical contexts these three islands and their smaller neighbors are sometimes known as the Sir James Hall Group after Sir James Hall, whose son Basil Hall was an early Western visitor to Korea.

Socheongdo
Socheongdo (Korean: 소청도; lit. small blue island) or Socheong Island is a small island in Ongjin County, Incheon, South Korea. It is south of Daecheongdo and is near the Northern Limit Line between North and South Korea. It is situated in the Yellow Sea, lying 200 km northwest of Incheon, 40 km southwest of the mainland of South Hwanghae, North Korea, and 200 km northeast of Shandong Peninsula, China.

In 2010, it had a population of 280, with 163 males and 117 females. Most of its residents work in fishing. It has an elementary school.

The island is accessible via a ferry system that goes between Incheon and some of its islands.