hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amitsur–Levitzki theorem
In algebra, the Amitsur–Levitzki theorem states that the algebra of n × n matrices over a commutative ring satisfies a certain identity of degree 2n. It was proved by Amitsur and  Levitsky (1950). In particular matrix rings are polynomial identity rings such that the smallest identity they satisfy has degree exactly 2n.

Shimshon Amitsur
Shimshon Avraham Amitsur (born Kaplan; Hebrew: שמשון אברהם עמיצור; August 26, 1921 – September 5, 1994) was an Israeli mathematician. He is best known for his work in ring theory, in particular PI rings,  an area of abstract algebra.
Jose P. Laurel
José Paciano Laurel y García (March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959) was a Filipino politician, lawyer, and judge, who served as the President of the Second Philippine Republic from 1943 to 1945, which was a Japanese ally during World War II.

Laurel was the runner-up in the 1949 Philippine presidential election. In the 1951 Philippine Senate election, he was elected to the Senate of the Philippines for the Nacionalista Party. He headed a mission to negotiate trade and other matters with the United States, which led to the Laurel–Langley Agreement of 1954.

Since the administration of President Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965), Laurel has been recognized by later administrations as a former president of the Philippines.

Nacionalista Party
The Nacionalista Party (Filipino and Spanish: Partido Nacionalista; lit. 'Nationalist Party,' NP) is a political party in the Philippines that is the oldest existing party in the country and in Southeast Asia. It was responsible for leading the country throughout most of the 20th century since its founding in 1907; it was the ruling party from 1935 to 1946 (under Manuel L. Quezon and Sergio Osmeña), 1953 to 1961 (under Ramon Magsaysay and Carlos P. Garcia), and 1965 to 1978 (under Ferdinand Marcos), and also was one of the two dominant political parties (along with the Liberal Party) throughout the existence of the Third Republic.
Sindkhed Raja
Sindkhed Raja is a town and a municipal council in Buldhana district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the birthplace of Rajmata Jijabai, mother of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Sindkhed was ruled by Koli Chieftain.

Jijabai
Jijabai Shahaji Bhonsale  (née Jadhav; 12 January 1598 – 17 June 1674), referred to as Rajmata Jijabai, or Jijamata, was the mother of Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Kingdom. She was a daughter of Lakhujirao Jadhav of Sindkhed Raja. He belonged to the lineage of Devagiri Yadavas.
Magnet Kitchens
Magnet is a British kitchen retailer operating in over two hundred locations across the United Kingdom supplying products under the Magnet and Magnet Trade brands. The company has over 2,000 employees and its headquarters are in Darlington, County Durham.

Magnet was listed on the London Stock Exchange, and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index, but is now part of Nobia UK, a division of the Nobia group which is listed on the Swedish Stock Exchange. The Nobia division also includes brands such as Gower and Norema.

Nobia
Nobia AB (Nasdaq Stockholm: NOBI) is a Swedish company which owns many European kitchen-related firms. In 2008 it was the largest producer of kitchen furniture in Europe.

Nobia was formed in 1996 by IK Partners (Formerly Industri Kapital) through a buyout from STORA (now Stora Enso). The company's headquarters are in Stockholm, on whose stock exchange the sharebolag is listed.  Nobia's major regional, national and international brands are present in many European countries. The company specializes in custom built-in kitchens and generates part of its revenue through franchising. In 2003, there was a legal dispute between Nobia and the German kitchen manufacturer Nobilia due to the likelihood of confusion between the two names.

Since 2019, Jon Sintorn has been the CEO and Group President.
2014–15 European Rugby Champions–Challenge Cup play-offs
The 2014–15 European Rugby Champions Cup-Challenge Cup play-off was the first play-off for entry into the top-level competition of European Club rugby union, the European Rugby Champions Cup.

In March 2014, following the announcement of new European club competitions, the European Rugby Champions Cup and the European Rugby Challenge Cup, it was announced that the final place in the Champions Cup competition would be awarded by a play-off.

For the 2014–15 season, this was a two-legged play-off between the seventh placed teams from the 2013–14 Aviva Premiership season, and the 2013–14 Top 14 season. Following the completion of both legs, the team with the highest aggregate score took the twentieth berth in the 2014–15 European Rugby Champions Cup, the new top-tier competition, while the loser will play in the second tier 2014–15 European Rugby Challenge Cup.

2014–15 European Rugby Challenge Cup
The 2014–15 European Rugby Challenge Cup was the first season of the European Rugby Challenge Cup, the annual rugby union competition. It is the 19th season of second tier pan-European club competition in general, as the competition replaces the European Challenge Cup. The competition began with the first round of the group stage, on the weekend of 16 October 2014, and ended with the final on 1 May 2015 at the Twickenham Stoop.

Gloucester became the first ever champions of the newly formatted competition, beating Edinburgh, who became the first ever Scottish team to make a European final, 19–13, with 14 men on the pitch for the final 17 minutes after centre Bill Meakes was sent off because of a dangerous high tackle off the ball on Edinburgh centre Sam Beard.
Mayoralty of John Lindsay
John Lindsay served as the 104th Mayor of New York City from January 1, 1966, to January 1, 1974. His mayoralty presided over a rising budget from below $5 billion to almost $10 billion, high deficit spending, the reorganization of the city's government, a corruption investigation (Knapp Commission) into the New York City Police Department, and large scale union strikes.

Lindsay's victory in the 1965 mayoral election with the Republican nomination and the support of the Liberal Party of New York made him New York City's first Republican mayor since Fiorello La Guardia. He won reelection in the 1969 mayoral election despite losing the Republican nomination.

Liberal Party of New York
The Liberal Party of New York is a political party in New York. Its platform supports a standard set of socially liberal policies, including abortion rights, increased spending on education, and universal health care.
Music of Uruguay
The most distinctive music of Uruguay is to be found in the tango and candombe; both genres have been recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Uruguayan music includes a number of local musical forms such as murga, a form of musical theatre, and milonga, a folk guitar and song form deriving from Spanish and italian traditions and related to similar forms found in many American countries.

Candombe
Candombe is a style of music and dance that originated in Uruguay among the descendants of liberated African slaves. In 2009, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) inscribed candombe in its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

To a lesser extent, candombe is practiced in Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil. In Argentina, it can be found in Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Paraná, and Corrientes. In Paraguay, this tradition continues in Camba Cuá and in Fernando de la Mora near Asunción. In Brazil, candombe retains its religious character and can be found in the states of Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul.

This Uruguayan music style is based on three different drums: chico, repique, and piano drums. It is usually played in February during carnival in Montevideo at dance parades called llamadas and desfile inaugural del carnaval.
Sharp NEC Display Solutions
Sharp NEC Display Solutions (Sharp/NEC; formerly NEC Display Solutions or NDS and NEC-Mitsubishi Electric Visual Systems or NEC-Mitsubishi or NM Visual) is a manufacturer of computer monitors and large-screen public-information displays, and has sold and marketed products under the NEC brand globally for more than twenty years. The company sells display products to the consumer, business, professional (e.g. financial, graphic design, CAD/CAM), digital signage and medical markets.

The company again became a joint venture of Sharp and NEC Corporation when NEC sold 66% to Sharp on March 25, 2020. Prior to that date, it was a wholly owned subsidiary of Japan-based NEC Corporation since March 31, 2005. Originally, the company was known as NEC-Mitsubishi, a 50/50 joint venture between NEC Corporation and Mitsubishi Electric that began in 2000, and sold display products under both the NEC and Mitsubishi brands. The company is no longer affiliated with Mitsubishi.

NEC
NEC Corporation (日本電気株式会社, Nippon Denki Kabushiki gaisha; an acronym for the Nippon Electric Company) is a Japanese multinational information technology corporation headquartered at the NEC Supertower in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It provides IT and network solutions, including cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) platform, and telecommunications equipment and software to business enterprises, communications services providers and to government agencies. It is one of the five largest defense contractors in Japan.

NEC was one of the world's largest personal computer and semiconductor manufacturers from the 1980s to the 2000s, but has largely withdrawn from manufacturing since the beginning of the 21st century, having spun off its PC business to Lenovo and its semiconductor business to Renesas Electronics and Elpida Memory.

NEC is a member of the Sumitomo Group.
New Milton railway station
New Milton railway station serves the market town of New Milton in Hampshire, England. It is 98 miles 44 chains (158.6 km) down the line from London Waterloo station. It also serves nearby places including Milford on Sea, Bashley, Ashley, Hordle and Barton on Sea.

New Milton
New Milton is a market town and civil parish in the New Forest district, in southwest Hampshire, England. To the north is in the New Forest and to the south the coast at Barton on Sea. The town is equidistant between Lymington and Christchurch, 6 miles (9.7 km) away.

The parish encompasses Old Milton, Barton on Sea, Ashley, Bashley, and Wootton. It is recorded as having a population of 25,546 in the 2021 census, of which 11,870 live in New Milton town itself.
Henniker, New Hampshire
Henniker is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, the reported total population of the town was 6,185, although the figure, 27.9% greater than the 2010 population, has been questioned by local officials. Henniker is home to New England College and Pats Peak Ski Area. Henniker is a college town and resort area, featuring both skiing and white-water kayaking.

The main village of the town, where 3,166 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined as the Henniker census-designated place (CDP), and is located along the Contoocook River at the junction of New Hampshire Route 114 with Old Concord Road. The town also includes the village of West Henniker.

New Hampshire Route 114
New Hampshire Route 114 (abbreviated NH 114) is a 60.433-mile-long (97.257 km) secondary north–south highway in central New Hampshire. The highway runs between Bedford in Hillsborough County and Grantham in Sullivan County.

The southern terminus of NH 114 is at New Hampshire Route 101 in Bedford. The northern terminus is at New Hampshire Route 10 in Grantham. The highway maintains a northwest-southeast alignment from Bedford northward.
Akshayuk Pass
Akshayuk Pass formerly Pangnirtung Pass is a mountain pass in the Baffin Mountains of Nunavut, Canada. It is found within Auyuittuq National Park. To the southwest is Mount Thor, about 17 km (11 mi), and Pangnirtung, about 64 km (40 mi) and to the northeast is Qikiqtarjuaq, about 109 km (68 mi).

Mount Thor
Mount Thor, officially gazetted as Thor Peak (Inuktitut syllabics: ᙯᕐᓱᐊᓗᒃ, Inuktitut: Qaisualuk "huge bedrock", or Kigutinnguaq "tooth-like"), in Nunavut, Canada, is a mountain with an elevation of 1,675 m (5,495 ft) located in Auyuittuq National Park, on Baffin Island. The mountain is located 46 km (29 mi) northeast of Pangnirtung and features Earth's greatest vertical drop of 1,200 m (4,100 ft), with the cliff overhanging at an average angle of 105 degrees (15 degrees from vertical). Despite its remoteness, this feature makes the mountain a popular rock climbing site. Camping is allowed, with several designated campsites located throughout the length of Akshayuk Pass. For climbers looking to scale Mount Thor, there is an established campsite a few kilometres north of its base, complete with windbreaks and emergency shelters.

The English naming of the mountain originates from Thor, the Norse thunder god.
Dan Backs
Dan Backs (born 15 December 1953) is a politician and former member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta. He was elected as a Liberal candidate in the 2004 provincial election, but was kicked out of the Liberal caucus by leader Kevin Taft, who cited concerns about Backs' ability to work as a member of a team. He sat as an independent thereafter and, after failing to secure the Progressive Conservative nomination for his riding, sought re-election in that capacity as well. He finished third in the riding in the 2008 election.

2008 Alberta general election
The 2008 Alberta general election was held on March 3, 2008, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.

It was expected to be called early because the governing Progressive Conservatives held a leadership election on December 2, 2006, in which Ed Stelmach was elected to replace Ralph Klein as party leader and Premier. The election was called when Stelmach formally advised Lieutenant Governor Norman Kwong to dissolve the Legislature, which happened on February 4, 2008.

With 53% of the popular vote, the Progressive Conservatives won a decisive majority over the Liberal and other parties, despite early suggestions of a closer race.

The 2008 election had the lowest voter turnout in the province's history, with only 40.59% of eligible voters casting a ballot.
Richard Congo
Richard S. Congo (born May 17, 1961) is an American former basketball player for Lafayette College and Drexel University. He was a two-time all-conference performer and the 1984 East Coast Conference Player of the Year as a senior.

Drexel Dragons men's basketball
The Drexel Dragons men's basketball program represents intercollegiate men's basketball at Drexel University. The team currently competes in the Coastal Athletic Association in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and plays home games at the Daskalakis Athletic Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Drexel last appeared in the NCAA tournament in 2021.
Kristina Orbakaitė
Kristina Edmundovna Orbakaitė (Russian: Кристина Эдмундовна Орбакайте; born 25 May 1971) is a Russian-Lithuanian singer and actress. Her parents are Russian pop star Alla Pugacheva and Lithuanian circus performer Mykolas Orbakas.

Vladimir Presnyakov Jr.
Vladimir Vladimirovich Presnyakov (Russian: Влади́мир Влади́мирович Пресняко́в; born 29 March 1968) is a Soviet and Russian singer, musician, keyboardist, composer, arranger, and actor.

Winner of the Golden Gramophone Award.

Since 1987 to 1994 he worked in the theater songs of Alla Pugacheva.
George Morling
George Henry Morling  OBE (21 Nov 1891 – 8 April 1974) was an Australian Baptist minister who was Principal of the NSW Baptist College (which was later named in his honour) from 1921 to 1960. Morling also served as President General of the Baptist Union of Australia from 1962 to 1964.

Morling College
Morling College is a Baptist college in Macquarie Park, New South Wales. It is affiliated with the Australian Baptist Ministries. It is an approved teaching institution of the Australian University of Theology, and is a member of the South Pacific Association of Bible Colleges. The principal is Rev Dr Tim MacBride (since July 2023).
Rick Crawford (politician)
Eric Alan "Rick" Crawford (born January 22, 1966) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for Arkansas's 1st congressional district since 2011. A member of the Republican Party, he was elected to serve as chairman of the House Intelligence Committee for the 119th Congress. Prior to entering politics, Crawford had a career as a rodeo cowboy, musician, radio announcer, and radio station owner.

United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
The United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (HPSCI), also known as the House Intelligence Committee, is a committee of the United States House of Representatives, currently chaired by Rick Crawford. It is the primary committee in the U.S. House of Representatives charged with the oversight of the United States Intelligence Community, though it does share some jurisdiction with other committees in the House, including the Armed Services Committee for some matters dealing with the Department of Defense and the various branches of the U.S. military.

The committee was preceded by the Select Committee on Intelligence between 1975 and 1977. House Resolution 658 established the permanent select committee, which gave it status equal to a standing committee on July 14, 1977.
A. M. Edwards
Adolph Monroe Edwards Jr. (October 12, 1905 – October 17, 1987) was an American lawyer and statesman, who served as the Secretary of Guam from 1960 to 1961. Appointed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, Edwards served in multiple roles as solicitor and counsel in the United States Department of the Interior.

Secretary of Guam
The secretary of Guam was the equivalent of the lieutenant governor when the governorship was still appointed by the president of the United States. The office became the lieutenant governor of Guam when island residents began electing the position, along with the governor, rather than having them appointed.
Mandibulata
The clade Mandibulata constitutes one of the major subdivisions of the phylum Arthropoda, alongside Chelicerata. Mandibulates include the myriapods (centipedes and millipedes, among others), and the pancrustaceans (including all true insects). The name "Mandibulata" refers to the mandibles, a modified pair of limbs used in food processing, the presence of which are characteristic of most members of the group.

The mandibulates are divided between the extant groups Myriapoda (millipedes and centipedes, among others) and Pancrustacea (including crustaceans and hexapods, the latter group containing insects). Molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that the living arthropods are related as shown in the cladogram below. Crustaceans do not form a monophyletic group as insects and other hexapods have evolved from within them.

A number of extinct groups have also been placed in Mandibulata, including Hymenocarina, Euthycarcinoidea, and Fuxianhuiida.

Cladogram after O’Flynn et al, 2023:

Myriapoda
Myriapods (from Ancient Greek  μυρίος (muríos) 'countless' and  πούς (poús) 'foot') are the members of subphylum Myriapoda, containing arthropods such as millipedes and centipedes. The group contains about 13,000 species, all of them terrestrial.

Although molecular evidence and similar fossils suggests a diversification in the Cambrian Period, the oldest known fossil record of myriapods dates between the Late Silurian and Early Devonian, with Pneumodesmus preserving the earliest known evidence of air-breathing on land. Other early myriapod fossil species around the similar time period include Kampecaris obanensis and Archidesmus sp. The phylogenetic classification of myriapods is still debated.

The scientific study of myriapods is myriapodology, and those who study myriapods are myriapodologists.
Ghen v. Rich
Ghen v. Rich,  8 F. 159 (1881), is an American property law case from the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts involving ownership of a dead whale. The case is frequently used to illustrate the difficulties of establishing "possession" and ownership under the common law.

United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts
The United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts (in case citations, D. Mass.) is the federal district court whose territorial jurisdiction is the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States.  The first court session was held in Boston in 1789.  The second term was held in Salem in 1790 and court session locations alternated between the two cities until 1813.  That year, Boston became the court's permanent home. A western division was opened in Springfield in 1979 and a central division was opened in Worcester in 1987.  The court's main building is the John Joseph Moakley Federal Courthouse on Fan Pier in South Boston.

Appeals from the District of Massachusetts are heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, also located in the Moakley courthouse (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).
Railay Beach
Railay (Thai: ไร่เลย์, pronounced [râj lēː]), also known as Rai Leh, is a small peninsula between the city of Krabi and Ao Nang in Thailand. It is accessible only by boat due to high limestone cliffs cutting off mainland access. These cliffs attract rock climbers from all over the world, but the area is also popular due to its beautiful beaches and quiet relaxing atmosphere. Accommodation ranges from bungalows and medium-priced resorts in East Railay to a collection of luxury resorts focused on West Railay, though one, Royavadee, spans both waterfronts and also has a beachfront restaurant at Ao Phra Nang. The four main areas of Railay consist of Phra Nang, West Railay, East Railay, and Ton Sai. Ton Sai caters to climbers and the backpacker set and is more rustic than the glitz of West Railay and the shops and restaurants of the East Railay boardwalk.

Railay beach was not severely affected by the tsunami of 26 December 2004.

Krabi
Krabi (Thai: กระบี่, pronounced [krā.bìː]) is the capital of and main town in Krabi Province (thesaban mueang), on the west coast of southern Thailand, where the Krabi River flows into Phang Nga Bay. The town lies 650 km (400 mi) south of Bangkok, and as of 2020, has a population of 32,644. As in much of southern Thailand, the local economy centres largely on tourism.
Haliacmon
The Haliacmon (Greek: Αλιάκμονας, Aliákmonas; formerly: Ἁλιάκμων, Aliákmon or Haliákmōn) is the longest river of Greece, flowing entirely on Greek soil in the region of Macedonia, with a total length of 297 km (185 mi). In Greece there are three rivers longer than Haliacmon: Evros (Greek: Έβρος), Strymonas (Greek: Στρυμόνας), both coming from Bulgaria, and Axios (Greek: Αξιός) coming from North Macedonia, but the length of each one of them in Greek territory is less than that of Haliacmon, which flows entirely in Greece. Haliacmon is the traditional English name for the river, but many sources cite the formerly official Katharevousa version of the name, Aliákmon. Today, the only official variant is the demotic Aliákmonas. It flows through the Greek regions of Western Macedonia (Kastoria, Grevena and Kozani regional units) and Central Macedonia (Imathia and Pieria regional units). Its drainage basin is 8,813 km2 (3,403 sq mi).

Central Macedonia
Central Macedonia is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece, consisting the central part of the geographical and historical region of Macedonia. With a population of almost 1.8 million, it is the second most populous region in Greece after Attica. The capital and largest city of the region is Thessaloniki.