hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bowled
In cricket, the term bowled has several meanings. First, it is the act of propelling the ball towards the wicket defended by a batter.

Second, it is a method of dismissing a batter, by hitting the wicket with a ball delivered by the bowler. (The term "bowled out" is sometimes used instead.)

Third, it is used in scoring to indicate which bowler is credited with dismissing a batter, when the batter is dismissed by being bowled, leg before wicket (LBW), caught, stumped, or hit wicket.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
Opel Kadett
The Opel Kadett is a small family car produced by the German automobile manufacturer Opel from 1936 until 1940 and then from 1962 until 1991 (the Cabrio continued until 1993), when it was succeeded by the Opel Astra.

Originally, the Kadett was Opel's smallest model; however, as it grew in size with each generation (ultimately competing in the European C-segment), the Opel Corsa became GM/Opel's entry-level model.

Opel Astra
The Opel Astra is a compact car/small family car (C-segment) developed and produced by the German automaker Opel since 1991, currently at its sixth generation. It was first launched in September 1991 as a direct replacement to the Opel Kadett. As of 2025, the car slots between the smaller Corsa supermini and the larger Frontera subcompact crossover SUV.
Pavement light
Pavement lights (UK), vault lights (US), floor lights, or sidewalk prisms are flat-topped walk-on skylights, usually set into pavement (sidewalks) or floors to let sunlight into the space below. They often use anidolic lighting prisms to throw the light sideways under the building. They were developed in the 19th century, but declined in popularity with the advent of cheap electric lighting in the early 20th. Older cities and smaller centers around the world have, or once had, pavement lights. In the early 21st century, such lights are over a century old, although lights are being installed in some new construction.

Prism lighting
Prism lighting is the use of prisms to improve the distribution of light in a space. It is usually used to distribute daylight, and is a form of anidolic lighting.

Prism lighting was popular from its introduction in the 1890s through to the 1930s, when cheap electric lights became commonplace and prism lighting became unfashionable. While mass production of prism lighting systems ended around 1940, the 2010s have seen a revival using new materials.
LNER Class O4
The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) Class O4 initially consisted of the 131 ex-Great Central Railway (GCR) Class 8K 2-8-0 steam locomotives acquired on grouping in 1923. The engines were designed by John G. Robinson and built at the GCR's Gorton Locomotive Works, Manchester.

GCR Class 8K
The Great Central Railway (GCR) Class 8K 2-8-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for heavy freight.  Introduced in 1911, and designed by John G. Robinson, 126 were built for the GCR prior to the First World War.  Including wartime construction for the British Army ROD and the post-war GCR Class 8M, the class and its derivatives totalled 666 locomotives.
SEAT León
The SEAT León (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈse.at leˈon]), also spelled Leon in some other languages, is a small family car built by the Spanish car manufacturer SEAT since October 1999. It is named after the city of León (which also means "Lion" in Spanish).

The first two León generations used two differing variants of the Volkswagen Group A platform, and shared many components with other Volkswagen Group cars. The third and fourth generation use the Volkswagen Group MQB platform, also used by the Audi A3 Mk3 and Mk4, Volkswagen Golf Mk7 and Mk8 and Škoda Octavia Mk3 and Mk4.

Volkswagen Golf Mk8
The Volkswagen Golf (Mk8) (also known as the Golf VIII) is a compact car, the eighth generation of the Volkswagen Golf and the successor to the Volkswagen Golf Mk7. It was launched in Wolfsburg on 24 October 2019, and arrived in German showrooms in December 2019.

The Golf Mk8 uses the same MQB Evo platform as the fourth-generation Audi A3 and SEAT León.
UEFA Euro 1984 qualifying Group 7
Standings and results for Group 7 of the UEFA Euro 1984 qualifying tournament.

Group 7 consisted of Iceland, Malta, Netherlands, Republic of Ireland and Spain. The group winners were Spain, who won the group ahead of the Netherlands on goals scored following a 12–1 win over Malta.

Spain 12–1 Malta
On 21 December 1983, Spain played Malta in the last qualification match for UEFA Euro 1984. Needing a victory by no less than 11 goals to qualify, Spain won the match 12–1. The game is often described as one of the most important in the Spanish national team's history.
1892 Coeur d'Alene labor strike
The 1892 Coeur d'Alene labor strike erupted in violence when labor union miners discovered they had been infiltrated by a Pinkerton agent who had routinely provided union information to the mine owners. The response to the labor violence, disastrous for the local miners' union, became the primary motivation for the formation of the Western Federation of Miners (WFM) the following year. The incident marked the first violent confrontation between the workers of the mines and their owners. Labor unrest continued after the 1892 strike, and surfaced again in the labor confrontation of 1899.

1899 Coeur d'Alene labor confrontation
The Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, labor riot of 1899 was the second of two major labor-management confrontations in the Coeur d'Alene mining district of northern Idaho in the 1890s. Like the first incident  seven years earlier, the 1899 confrontation was an attempt by union miners, led by the Western Federation of Miners to unionize non-union mines, and have them pay the higher union wage scale. As with the 1892 strike, the 1899 incident culminated in a dynamite attack that destroyed a non-union mining facility, the burning of multiple homes and outbuildings and two murders, followed by military occupation of the district.

The riot of 1899 resulted from the miners' frustrations with mine operators that paid lower wages, hired Pinkerton or Thiel operatives to infiltrate the union, and the refusal of non-union miners to join or strike.
Sydney Sixers (WBBL)
The Sydney Sixers (WBBL) are an Australian women's Twenty20 cricket team based in Moore Park, New South Wales. They are one of two teams from Sydney to compete in the Women's Big Bash League, the other being the Sydney Thunder. Having won two championship titles and four minor premierships, the Sixers are the most successful WBBL franchise to date.

Sydney Thunder (WBBL)
The Sydney Thunder are an Australian women's Twenty20 cricket team based in Drummoyne Oval, Sydney, New South Wales. They are one of two teams from Sydney to compete in the Women's Big Bash League, the other being the Sydney Sixers. The Thunder have claimed two WBBL titles, winning the league's inaugural championship and the 2020–21 title.
Alternant matrix
In linear algebra, an alternant matrix is a matrix formed by applying a finite list of functions pointwise to a fixed column of inputs.  An alternant determinant is the determinant of a square alternant matrix.

Generally, if  are functions from a set  to a field , and , then the alternant matrix has size  and is defined by

or, more compactly, . (Some authors use the transpose of the above matrix.) Examples of alternant matrices include Vandermonde matrices, for which , and Moore matrices, for which .

Vandermonde matrix
In linear algebra, a Vandermonde matrix, named after Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde, is a matrix with the terms of a geometric progression in each row: an  matrix

with entries , the jth power of the number , for all zero-based indices  and . Some authors define the Vandermonde matrix as the transpose of the above matrix.

The determinant of a square Vandermonde matrix (when ) is called a Vandermonde determinant or Vandermonde polynomial. Its value is:

This is non-zero if and only if all  are distinct (no two are equal), making the Vandermonde matrix invertible.
South Petherwin
South Petherwin (Cornish: Paderwynn Dheghow) is a village and civil parish in east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is in the Registration District of Launceston. The civil parish is bounded to the north by the Launceston parishes of St Thomas and St Mary Magdalene, to the east by Lawhitton and Lezant parishes and to the west by Trewen parish. The population of the parish in the 2001 census was 932. The district falls in the Altarnun electoral ward but the population of the civil parish at the 2011 Census was almost unchanged at 931.

South Petherwin village is situated 3 miles (5 km) south-southwest of the town of Launceston on the road from Launceston to Liskeard. The parish church, dedicated to St Paternus, stands in the village at grid reference SX 309 819. The church's tower has pinnacles and battlements and it houses a ring of five bells.

St Thomas the Apostle Rural
St Thomas the Apostle Rural is a civil parish in east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The modern parish was created in 1894 from the part of the older parish of St Thomas the Apostle, also known as St Thomas-by-Launceston (Cornish: Sen Tommos Lannstefan), which lay outside the borough boundaries of Launceston. The main settlement in the parish today is Tregadillett (Cornish: Tregadylet).

The parish lies to the west of the town of Launceston. It is bounded to the east by Launceston, to the south by South Petherwin, to the west by Trewen, and to the north by Egloskerry and St Stephens by Launceston Rural. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 970.
Føtex
føtex is a Danish chain of supermarkets. The business was established in 1960 as the first supermarket in Denmark and later gave rise to Salling Group (previously Dansk Supermarked Group).

The name "føtex" is a mix of the Danish words "Fødevarer" (daily groceries) and "Textil" (textiles).

Salling Group
Salling Group A/S (formerly Dansk Supermarked A/S) is Denmark's largest retailer, with a market share around 34%. It operates several chains of stores, including Netto, Føtex, Bilka, and Salling. Additionally, it holds franchise rights for Starbucks and Carl's Jr. in Denmark. Salling Group's international operations include Netto, which has expanded into Germany and Poland, and has made two unsuccessful attempts at operating in the United Kingdom. Its stores in Sweden were sold off in 2019. But in 2025, it was expanded to the Baltic states with a store Rimi.

On 1 June 2018, Dansk Supermarked changed its name to Salling Group.
Manuel Tinio
Manuel Tinio y Bundoc (June 17, 1877 – February 22, 1924) was the youngest General of the Philippine Revolutionary Army, and was elected Governor of the Province of Nueva Ecija, Republic of the Philippines in 1907. He is considered to be one of the three "Fathers of the Cry of Nueva Ecija", along with Pantaleon Valmonte and Mariano Llanera.

On March 29, 2015, Licab, Nueva Ecija, dedicated the very first monument of General Tinio during its 120th anniversary as a municipality.

Pantaleón Valmonte
Pantaleón Valmonte y Rufino, sometimes referred to as Pantaleón Belmonte (July 26, 1856 – September 4, 1896), was capitan municipal (mayor) of Gapan and a general during the Philippine Revolution against Spain. He is popularly known as one of the officers who led the "Cry of Nueva Ecija" on September 2, 1896, and together with General Mariano Llanera commanded 3,000 guerilla troops who captured and momentarily held the provincial capitol of Nueva Ecija in the town of Factoria (now San Isidro). He is one of the three Fathers of The Cry of Nueva Ecija, along with Mariano Llanera and Manuel Tinio.
Expression quantitative trait loci
An expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) is a type of quantitative trait locus (QTL), a genomic locus (region of DNA) that is associated with phenotypic variation for a specific, quantifiable trait. While the term QTL can refer to a wide range of phenotypic traits, the more specific eQTL refers to traits measured by gene expression, such as mRNA levels. Although named "expression QTLs", not all measures of gene expression can be used for eQTLs. For example, traits quantified by protein levels are instead referred to as protein QTLs (pQTLs).

Quantitative trait locus
A quantitative trait locus (QTL) is a locus (section of DNA) that correlates with variation of a quantitative trait in the phenotype of a population of organisms. QTLs are mapped by identifying which molecular markers (such as SNPs or AFLPs) correlate with an observed trait. This is often an early step in identifying the actual genes that cause the trait variation.
Lady Jennifer
Lady Jennifer is a 1908 novel by British writer Henrietta Stannard, published under her pseudonym John Strange Winter. The story follows Nancy Trevor, who marries an old and wealthy baronet rather than the poor artist she loves. The baronet's malicious half-brother Hudson colludes with the baronet's butler; they threaten to expose Nancy's love letters with the artist, Dick Harrington, and cause Dick to be jailed. Eventually, Dick gets his revenge on Hudson and is able to marry Nancy. Reviews of the novel compared it favourably to Stannard's previous works, praising the engaging plot. In 1915, it was adapted into a silent film featuring Harry Royston as the butler.

Lady Jennifer (film)
Lady Jennifer is a 1915 British silent drama film directed by James Warry Vickers and starring Barbara Rutland and Harry Royston. The film was an adaptation of the 1908 novel of the same title by John Strange Winter.

Lady Jennifer was four reels long. It was well received, and continued to be screened through at least 1917.
Retirement age
This article lists the statutory retirement age in different countries. In some contexts, the retirement age is the age at which a person is expected or required to cease work. It is usually the age at which such a person may be entitled to receive superannuation or other government benefits, like a state pension.

Mandatory retirement
Mandatory retirement, also known as forced retirement, enforced retirement or compulsory retirement, is the set age at which people who hold certain jobs or offices are required by industry custom or by law to leave their employment, or retire.

As of 2017, as reported by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), only three European member states (UK, Denmark and Poland) and four OECD countries (Canada, Australia, New Zealand, United States) had laws banning mandatory retirement.
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
The Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ প্রকৌশল বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়), commonly known by its acronym BUET, was formerly called the East Pakistan University of Engineering and Technology (EPUET). It is a public research university located in Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. Founded in 1876 as the Dacca Survey School and gaining university status in 1962, it is the oldest institution for the study of engineering, architecture, and urban planning in the country. BUET is one of the top Engineering PhD granting research universities of Bangladesh along with RUET, CUET, KUET, DUET.
A large number of BUET alumni are active in notable engineering and non-engineering roles in Bangladesh and abroad.

Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, commonly known by the acronym RUET, is a PhD granting, 2nd oldest public engineering and technological research university in Bangladesh. It specialises in the fields of applied sciences, engineering, technology, architecture, and urban planning.
24-hour clock
The modern 24-hour clock is the convention of timekeeping in which the day runs from midnight to midnight and is divided into 24 hours. This is indicated by the hours (and minutes) passed since midnight, from 00(:00) to 23(:59), with 24(:00) as an option to indicate the end of the day. This system, as opposed to the 12-hour clock, is the most commonly used time notation in the world today, and is used by the international standard ISO 8601.

A number of countries, particularly English speaking, use the 12-hour clock, or a mixture of the 24- and 12-hour time systems. In countries where the 12-hour clock is dominant, some professions prefer to use the 24-hour clock. For example, in the practice of medicine, the 24-hour clock is generally used in documentation of care as it prevents any ambiguity as to when events occurred in a patient's medical history.

12-hour clock
The 12-hour clock is a time convention in which the 24 hours of the day are divided into two periods: a.m. (from Latin ante meridiem, translating to "before midday") and p.m. (from Latin post meridiem, translating to "after midday"). Each period consists of 12 hours numbered: 12 (acting as 0), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11. The 12-hour clock has been developed since the second millennium BC and reached its modern form in the 16th century.

The 12-hour time convention is common in several English-speaking nations and former British colonies, as well as a few other countries. In English-speaking countries: "12 p.m." usually indicates noon, while "12 a.m." means midnight, but the reverse convention has also been used (see § Confusion at noon and midnight). "Noon" and "midnight" are unambiguous.
BBC Northern Ireland
BBC Northern Ireland is a division of the BBC and the main public broadcaster in Northern Ireland. It is widely available across both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

BBC Northern Ireland is one of the four BBC national regions, together with the BBC English Regions, BBC Scotland and BBC Cymru Wales. Based in Broadcasting House, Belfast, it provides television, radio, online and interactive television content. BBC Northern Ireland currently employs 700 people, largely in Belfast.

BBC Northern Ireland has two TV channels – BBC One Northern Ireland, and BBC Two Northern Ireland; and two radio stations – BBC Radio Ulster and BBC Radio Foyle.

BBC Two Northern Ireland
BBC Two Northern Ireland is a Northern Irish free-to-air television channel owned and operated by BBC Northern Ireland as a variation of the BBC Two network. It is broadcast via digital terrestrial transmitters and from the SES Astra 2E satellite (transponder 48) at the 28.2° East orbital position.
Astra Superstars
Astra Superstars (アストラスーパースターズ) is a 1998 arcade fighting game developed by Sunsoft and published by Tecmo. It was released only in Japan. It is Sunsoft's fourth fighting game after the 1994 Super Famicom Hebereke franchise spin-off Sugoi Hebereke, the 1995 Galaxy Fight: Universal Warriors and the 1996 Waku Waku 7. It is powered by the Sega Saturn-based ST-V (Sega Titan Video) arcade system. Astra Superstars is an airborne-based fighting game.

Galaxy Fight: Universal Warriors
Galaxy Fight: Universal Warriors is a 1995 fighting game developed and published by Sunsoft for the Neo Geo hardware. It was Sunsoft's second fighting game after their 1994 Super Famicom game Sugoi Hebereke, as well as their first side-viewed 2D fighting game. The MVS arcade version of Galaxy Fight uses 32 four-megabit ROM chips (a total of 16 megabytes of data).

The game received Sega Saturn and PlayStation home ports in 1996. That same year, Sunsoft produced another 2D fighting game again on the Neo Geo, titled Waku Waku 7. Two years after that, in 1998, they joined a small company, SANTACLAUS, in producing the Sega ST-V powered arcade game Astra Superstars. In 2017, Galaxy Fight was re-released under the Arcade Archives, developed by Hamster Corporation for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo Switch.
Special Operations Center "West" (Ukraine)
8th Special Operations Regiment or the Special Operations Center "West" ("Prince Izyaslav Mstislavych"), unit number A0553, is a regiment of the Special Operations Forces. It is headquartered in the city of Khmelnytskyi and a part of the Joint Rapid Reaction Forces. Since 2014, the regiment has participated in the many battles of the Russo-Ukrainian War being reformed into a separate special operations center in 2022.

Special Operations Forces (Ukraine)
The Special Operations Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Сили спеціальних операцій Збройних сил України,, romanized: Syly spetsialnykh operatsii Zbroinykh syl Ukrainy, abbreviated ССО, SSO) are the special forces of Ukraine and one of the eight branches of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, with headquarters in Kyiv.

The SSO has the roles including various special forces-related duties such as direct action, special reconnaissance, intelligence gathering, sabotage and psychological warfare. They are not the only special forces units in Ukraine. The SSO was created in 2016, after various reforms of the Ukrainian Armed Forces due to failures in the war in Donbas. The Ukrainian special forces groups were trained on the model of NATO reaction forces. Reorganizing by concentrating the special forces command into a single unified branch. Previously, military Spetsnaz were under the command of the Chief Directorate of Intelligence (HUR), Ukraine's military intelligence service.
Princess Christina, Mrs. Magnuson
Princess Christina, Mrs. Magnuson, LoK av KMO (Christina Louise Helena; born 3 August 1943) is a member of the Swedish royal family. She is the fourth child of Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten, and Princess Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and the youngest of the four older sisters of King Carl XVI Gustaf. She uses the name Christina Magnuson in a professional capacity.

Princess Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Princess Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Sibylle Calma Marie Alice Bathildis Feodora; 18 January 1908 – 28 November 1972) was a member of the Swedish royal family and the mother of the current king of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf.

Born into the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Sibylla was the daughter of Charles Edward, the last duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. She became a Swedish princess when she married Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten in 1932. She thus had the prospect of one day becoming queen, but the prince was killed in an airplane crash in 1947 and did not live to ascend the Swedish throne. Her son became king the year after her death.
Wilson River language
The Wilson River language, also known as "Modern" Wankumara (Wangkumara/ Wanggumara), is an Australian Aboriginal language of the Karnic family. It was spoken by several peoples along the Wilson River in Queensland. Of these, the Wanggumara (Wangkumara) and Galali may have migrated from the Bulloo River and abandoned their language when they arrived.

Kalali language
Kalali, also written Kullili, Galali, Garlali, Kullilla and other variants, is an Australian Aboriginal language, of Queensland, Australia.

It is one of several geographically transitional "Karna–Mari fringe" languages that have not been convincingly classified, and is best considered an isolate branch within the Pama–Nyungan family. Gavan Breen provisionally includes Minkabari and the Ngura dialect Pitjara/Bidjara/Bitharra, which together have been called the Bulloo River language.
Breen is partly responsible for the variation in the spelling of the name 'Kalali'. The forms Garlali and Galarli are due to what he now considers a non-distinctive instance of retroflex rl, and he prefers the spelling Kalali.