hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mark L. Donald
Mark L. Donald (born 1967) is a retired United States Navy SEAL, hospital corpsman, and physician assistant who served in the United States Navy.  Donald is one of the few American warriors to have earned three high-level combat valor medals for displaying the highest levels of battlefield heroism on more than one occasion. Donald, a recipient of the Navy Cross and Silver Star awards in support of Operation Enduring Freedom during the fall of 2003 and the Bronze Star with V device denoting combat heroism for Operation Iraqi Freedom during the spring of 2003, is one of the most decorated heroes of the war on terror.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.
Concordia (ship)
Concordia was a steel-hulled barquentine that was built in Poland in 1992 for the West Island College, Montreal, Canada. She served as a sail training ship until she capsized and sank on 17 February 2010.

Barquentine
A barquentine or schooner barque (alternatively "barkentine" or "schooner bark") is a sailing vessel with three or more masts; with a square rigged foremast and fore-and-aft rigged main, mizzen and any other masts.
Bukit Timah Monkey Man
The Bukit Timah Monkey Man, commonly abbreviated as BTM or BTMM, is a legendary creature said to inhabit Singapore, chiefly in the forested Bukit Timah region. The creature is often cited as a forest-dwelling hominid or primate, and is also accounted for as being immortal; however, its exact identity remains unknown, and its existence disputed. Documentation of the BTM is sparse and scattered; the creature is largely considered a product of local folklore.

Alleged sightings of the animal are rare. Records mainly come from Malay folklore, accounts from Japanese soldiers in World War II, and occasional unconfirmed reports from local residents. The first claimed sighting is said to have occurred in about 1805; the most recent was in 2020.

The BTM is said to be hominid-like, greyish in colour, and about 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) in height, with a bipedal gait. All sightings have been centred upon the Bukit Timah region.

Bukit Timah
Bukit Timah (IPA: /ˈbʊkɪt ˌtiːmɑː/ BUUK-it TEE-mah), often abbreviated as Bt Timah, is a planning area and residential estate located in the westernmost part of the Central Region of Singapore. Bukit Timah lies roughly 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the Central Business District, bordering the Central Water Catchment to the north, Bukit Panjang to the northwest, Queenstown to the south, Tanglin to the southeast, Clementi to the southwest, Novena to the east and Bukit Batok to the west. It is further split into eight subzones, namely Anak Bukit, Coronation Road, Farrer Court, Hillcrest, Holland Road, Leedon Park, Swiss Club and Ulu Pandan.

Owing to its prime location, Bukit Timah has one of the densest clusters of luxury condominiums and landed property in Singapore, with little public housing.
King Abdullah Park
King Abdullah Park (Arabic: ﻣﻨﺘﺰﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ, romanized: Muntazah al-Malik ʿAbd Allāh), formerly Al-Malaz Square (Arabic: ميدان الملز), is an equestrian field-turned municipal park in the al-Malazz neighborhood of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, located adjacent to Prince Faisal bin Fahd Stadium. Covering an area of 31.8 hectares (79 acres), the square served as a horse racecourse from the early 20th century until 2002, before being reopened as the largest public park in the country in 2013. Al-Malaz Square, as it was previously called, lent its name to the al-Malazz neighbourhood, which the park today forms a central part of.

Popular for its 12-meter wide pedestrian corridor, 110-meter giant laser fountains and an artificial lake, the park gets flooded by visitors during festive seasons of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and publicly organized events such as the Saudi National Day where the park also displays fireworks before midnight.

Al Malaz
Al-Malaz (Arabic: حي الملز, romanized: ḥaī al-Malaz), formerly al-Riyadh al-Jadidah (lit. The New Riyadh) and the Red Sea neighborhood, is a commercial and residential neighborhood in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and the seat of the homonymous sub-municipality of al-Malaz. Named after the al-Malaz Square (now King Abdullah Park), it was built in the 1950s by King Saud bin Abdulaziz as a housing project for government employees and was later developed into a full-fledged district. The neighborhood has a large presence of overseas Syrian community alongside native Saudi nationals.

It is the very first modern locality in the city, alongside the al-Nassiriyah district, which replaced the local Najdi architecture with a modern one. The area is also popular for hosting several iconic landmarks, supermarkets, streets and offices of government ministries.
Groupement de Commandos Mixtes Aéroportés
The Groupement de commandos mixtes aéroportés (English: Mixed Airborne Commando Group) commonly referred as just GCMA, was the "Action Service" of the Service de documentation extérieure et de contre-espionnage (SDECE), the France counterintelligence service agency, which was active during the Cold War. The GCMA's origins lay in the British - U.S - French joint Operation Jedburgh in France in 1944.

Service de documentation extérieure et de contre-espionnage
The Service de documentation extérieure et de contre-espionnage ("External Documentation and Counter-Espionage Service"), abbreviated SDECE (French: [zdɛk]), was France's external intelligence agency from 6 November 1944 to 2 April 1982, when it was replaced by the Directorate-General for External Security (DGSE). It should not be confused with the Deuxième Bureau which was intended to pursue purely military intelligence.

Under the Fourth Republic the SDECE was subordinated to the President of the Council. From the onset of the Fifth Republic and until 1962, it was subordinate to Prime Minister Michel Debré and its resources largely dedicated to the Algerian War. Following the Mehdi Ben Barka affair, General Charles de Gaulle subordinated the service to the Ministry of Defence, and the service was gradually militarized.
Otto I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Otto I of Brunswick-Lüneburg (about 1204 – 9 June 1252), a member of the House of Welf, was the first duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1235 until his death. He is called Otto the Child to distinguish him from his uncle, Emperor Otto IV.

House of Welf
The House of Welf (also Guelf or Guelph) is a European dynasty that has included many German and British monarchs from the 11th century to 20th century and Emperor Ivan VI of Russia in the 18th century. The originally Franconian family from the Meuse-Moselle area was closely related to the imperial family of the Carolingians.
Arctic Council
The Arctic Council is a high-level intergovernmental forum that addresses issues faced by the Arctic governments and the indigenous people of the Arctic region. At present, eight countries exercise sovereignty over the lands within the Arctic Circle, and these constitute the member states of the council: Canada; Denmark; Finland; Iceland; Norway; Russia; Sweden; and the United States. Other countries or national groups can be admitted as observer states, while organizations representing the concerns of indigenous peoples can be admitted as indigenous permanent participants.

Circumpolar peoples
Circumpolar peoples and Arctic peoples are umbrella terms for the various Indigenous peoples of the Arctic region.

Approximately four million people are resident in the Arctic among which 10 percent are Indigenous peoples belonging to a vast number of distinct communities. They represent a minority with the exception of Greenland of which 90 percent of its population is composed of Inuit.

It is difficult to find an exact number of the Indigenous peoples in the Arctic as states have a tendency to downplay the numbers. Moreover, each state has its own different methods to count its Indigenous population. For instance, Russia excludes from the official status of "small peoples of the North" (Russian: "малые народы Севера" or "Коренные малочисленные народы Севера") every community that exceeds 50,000 people. They are therefore excluding from the definition certain numerically large Indigenous communities like the Komi peoples, Karelians or Yakuts.
Bussigny-sur-Oron
Bussigny-sur-Oron (French pronunciation: [bysiɲi syʁ ɔʁɔ̃]) is a former municipality in the district of Lavaux-Oron of the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland.  The municipalities of Bussigny-sur-Oron, Châtillens, Chesalles-sur-Oron, Ecoteaux, Oron-la-Ville, Oron-le-Châtel, Palézieux, Les Tavernes, Les Thioleyres and Vuibroye merged on 1 January 2012 into the new municipality of Oron.

Les Tavernes
Les Tavernes (French pronunciation: [le tavɛʁn]) is a former municipality in the district of Lavaux-Oron in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.  The municipalities of Bussigny-sur-Oron, Châtillens, Chesalles-sur-Oron, Ecoteaux, Oron-la-Ville, Oron-le-Châtel, Palézieux, Les Tavernes, Les Thioleyres and Vuibroye merged on 1 January 2012 into the new municipality of Oron.
1921 Malaya Cup
Malaya Cup was an association football tournament held by a Malaya Cup committee. The inaugural tournament was run by the Selangor Club.

This is the first season of Malaya Cup (later known as Malaysia Cup). It was contested by states in Malaya. The final was contested by the southern and northern champions in their respective conference round. The final was held at Selangor Club Padang on 1 October 1921 where the southern champ, Singapore FA defeated the northern champ, Selangor FA with 2–1 scoreline.

Malaysia Cup
The Malaysia Cup (Malay: Piala Malaysia), formerly known as Malaya Cup, is an annual football tournament in Malaysia, held at the end of the calendar year. The cup was first held in 1921. Despite its prestige and popularity as the country's oldest cup tournament, it does not guarantee a place in a continental competition, which is allocated to the Malaysia FA Cup winners. The competition was previously managed by the Football Association of Malaysia, before it was transferred to the Football Malaysia LLP (now known as the Malaysian Football League) in the 2016 season.

In the 2016 edition, the competition structure changed and only the top eleven teams of the Malaysia Super League and the top five teams of the Malaysia Premier League qualified for the cup.

The current title holder is Johor Darul Ta'zim, who won its fifth title in the 2024–25 edition.
Unique games conjecture
In computational complexity theory, the unique games conjecture (often referred to as UGC) is a conjecture made by Subhash Khot in 2002. The conjecture postulates that the problem of determining the approximate value of a certain type of game, known as a unique game, has NP-hard computational complexity.  It has broad applications in the theory of hardness of approximation. If the unique games conjecture is true and P ≠ NP, then for many important problems it is not only impossible to get an exact solution in polynomial time (as postulated by the P versus NP problem), but also impossible to get a good polynomial-time approximation. The problems for which such an inapproximability result would hold include constraint satisfaction problems, which crop up in a wide variety of disciplines.

The conjecture is unusual in that the academic world seems about evenly divided on whether it is true or not.

Subhash Khot
Subhash Khot FRS (born 10 June 1978 in Ichalkaranji) is an Indian-American mathematician and theoretical computer scientist who is the Julius Silver Professor of Computer Science in the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University. Khot has contributed to the field of computational complexity, and is best known for his unique games conjecture.

Khot received the 2014 Rolf Nevanlinna Prize by the International Mathematical Union and received the MacArthur Fellowship in 2016. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2017 and was inducted into the National Academy of Sciences in 2023.
KiHa 25
The KiHa 25 (キハ25形) is a diesel multiple unit (DMU) train type operated by the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) on local and rapid services in Japan, since March 2011. Following electrification of the Taketoyo Line in 2015, they replaced KiHa 40 series DMUs on the Takayama and Taita Lines.

Takayama Main Line
The Takayama Main Line (高山本線, Takayama Honsen) is a Japanese railway line between Gifu Station in Gifu and Toyama Station in Toyama, operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) and West Japan Railway Company (JR West). The line directly links the Chūkyō Metropolitan Area (metropolitan Nagoya) and Hokuriku region in a shorter distance, but with a longer travel time, than by using the combination of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen and Hokuriku Main Line. Now the line primarily functions as a way to access the scenic areas of Hida (ancient Hida Province), in the rugged mountains of northern Gifu Prefecture, such as Gero onsen (hot spring), Takayama, Shirakawa-gō, and the Kiso River. The first section of the line, between Gifu and Kagamigahara, opened in 1920 (1920). The whole line was completed in 1934.
Udenna Corporation
Udenna Corporation operates as a holding company. The Company distributes and retails petroleum products and lubricants, engages in shipping and logistics services, operates in property development, education, food, gaming, tourism, infrastructure and telecommunications sectors in Philippines.

Phoenix Petroleum
Phoenix Petroleum Philippines, Inc. (PSE: PNX) is the first independent oil company to be listed in the Philippine Stock Exchange after the Oil Deregulation Law was passed in 1998. It is the first company from Davao City to be listed in the Philippine Stock Exchange.

Phoenix is engaged in the business of trading refined petroleum products and lubricants, operation of oil depots and storage facilities, and allied services.
Ketou Township
Ketou Township (Chinese: 科头乡; pinyin: Kētóu Xiāng) is a township of Xinhua County in Hunan, China. The township was created in 1956 and the township of Ruxi (Chinese: 汝溪乡) was merged to it in 1995.

The township is located in the southeast of the county, it is bordered by Shangmei Subdistrict to the north, by Fenglin Subdistrict to the northeast, by the town of Shichongkou and Weishan Township to the southeast, by the two towns of Yangxi and Luguan to the west. It has an area of 65.34 km2 (25.23 sq mi) with a population of 43,100 (as of 2017). The town has 19 villages under its jurisdiction in 2017.

Shangmei Subdistrict
Shangmei Subdistrict (Chinese: 上梅街道; pinyin: Shàngméi Jiēdào) is a subdistrict and the seat of Xinhua County in Hunan, China. The subdistrict was incorporated from part of the former Shangmei Town on November 6, 2017. It has an area of 42.99 km2 (16.60 sq mi) with a population of 85,800 (as of 2017). The subdistrict has 11 villages and 16 communities under its jurisdiction, its seat is at Yingbin Road (Chinese: 迎宾路).
United Empire
United Empire (ユナイテッド・エンパイア, Yunaiteddo Enpaia; stylized as UNITED EMPIRE), originally and occasionally still called The Empire (ジ・エンパイア, Ji Enpaia), is a professional wrestling faction predominately performing in New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), but also have members in All Elite Wrestling (AEW) and Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). The stable is led by Callum Newman.

The group was formed in October 2020 by Will Ospreay and Great-O-Khan, when Ospreay turned on his Chaos stablemate Kazuchika Okada during the G1 Climax. Fellow NJPW wrestlers Jeff Cobb and Aaron Henare would join, as well as freelancers TJP and Francesco Akira, and the team of Kyle Fletcher & Mark Davis known as Aussie Open, and "Lord" Gideon Grey from RevPro.

Francesco Akira
Francesco Akira Begnini (born November 12, 1999), better known by his ring name Francesco Akira, is an Italian professional wrestler. He is currently signed to the Japanese promotion New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), where he is a member of the United Empire stable. Begnini has also wrestled for All Japan Pro-Wrestling (AJPW), where he was a former AJPW Junior Heavyweight Champion.
Denbigh Hall railway bridge
Denbigh Hall railway bridge carries the West Coast Main Line railway across Watling Street just north of Bletchley, Milton Keynes, in southern England. It dates from the opening of the London and Birmingham Railway in 1838 and was designed by Robert Stephenson though it has been heavily modified. It is a Grade II listed building.

London and Birmingham Railway
The London and Birmingham Railway (L&BR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom, in operation from 1833 to 1846, when it became part of the London and North Western Railway (L&NWR).

The 112-mile (180 km) railway line which the company opened in 1838, between London and Birmingham, was the first intercity line to be built into London. It is now the southern section of the West Coast Main Line.

The line was engineered by Robert Stephenson. It started at Euston Station in London, went north-west to Rugby, where it turned west to Coventry and on to Birmingham. It terminated at Curzon Street Station, which it shared with the Grand Junction Railway (GJR), whose adjacent platforms gave an interchange with full connectivity (with through carriages) between Liverpool, Manchester and London.
Combat knife
A combat knife is a fighting knife designed for military use and primarily intended for hand-to-hand or close combat fighting.

Since the end of trench warfare, most military combat knives have been secondarily designed for utility use (clearing foliage, chopping branches for cover, opening ammunition crates, etc.) in addition to their original role as close-quarter combat weapons, and may be referred to as "fighting-utility knives."  On the other hand, military knives that are intended primarily for use in a role other than combat are typically referred to by their primary role, such as "utility knife" or "survival knife".

Fighting knife
A  fighting knife has a blade designed to most effectively inflict injury in close-quarters physical confrontations.  The combat knife and the trench knife are examples of military fighting knives.

Fighting knives were traditionally designed as special-purpose weapons, intended primarily if not solely for use in personal or hand-to-hand combat.  This singleness of purpose originally distinguished the fighting knife from the field knife, fighting utility knife, or in modern usage, the tactical knife.  The tactical knife is a knife with one or more military features designed for use in extreme situations, which may or may not include a design capability as a fighting or combat weapon.  Since World War I, the fighting knife in military service has gradually evolved into a dual-purpose or "fighting-utility" knife, suited for both knife fighting and utility roles.  As a consequence, the terms "fighting knife" and "tactical knife" are frequently employed interchangeably.
Erik Ellington
Erik Ellington (born August 9, 1977) is an American professional skateboarder.

He established Bakerboys Distribution with Andrew Reynolds and Jim Greco in 2007. The company provides distribution for closely related skateboard companies. In 2008, Ellington co-founded Deathwish Skateboards with Greco.

Baker Skateboards
Baker Skateboards is an American skateboarding company founded in 2000, by professional skateboarder Andrew Reynolds. The company's main products are skateboard decks, accessories, wheels, and apparel.
Seremban District
The Seremban District (Negeri Sembilan Malay: Somban) is one of the seven districts in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. This is where the capital of Negeri Sembilan, Seremban is located.

Seremban District shares a border with Sepang and Hulu Langat Districts, Selangor to the north, Jelebu District to the northeast, Kuala Pilah District to the east, Port Dickson District to the west, and Rembau District to the south.

Seremban
Seremban (Negeri Sembilan Malay: Somban) is a city in the Seremban District and the capital of the state of Negeri Sembilan in Peninsular Malaysia. The city's administration is run by the Seremban City Council.

Seremban gained its city status on 20 January 2020. Covering an area of 959 km², Seremban's population is 681,541 as of 2020, making it the tenth largest city in Malaysia and the fifth most populous state capital behind Johor Bahru, Shah Alam, George Town and Ipoh. It is part of the Greater Kuala Lumpur area, situated approximately 55 kilometres south of Kuala Lumpur and 37 kilometres south of the federal administrative capital of Putrajaya. Since 2015, Seremban has been the major anchor city of the Malaysia Vision Valley, Negeri Sembilan's main special economic zone spanning the state's western half.
Darcy Padilla
Darcy Marie Padilla (born 1965) is an American narrative photographer and photojournalist who specializes in long-term narrative projects centering on social issues such as urban poverty, drug addiction and HIV/AIDS. She was a Guggenheim Fellow and the recipient of a W. Eugene Smith Award and three World Press Photo awards. She is best known for "The Julie Project" and its related series "Family Love", which both follow an impoverished young woman from 1993 until her death in 2010. Padilla has been a faculty member at University of Wisconsin–Madison since 2018.

W. Eugene Smith Memorial Fund
W. Eugene Smith Memorial Fund is an organisation established to encourage and support individuals who are active in the field of photography for humanitarian purposes. It gives out the W. Eugene Smith Grant and Howard Chapnick Grant.

Since 1979 the fund has worked to seek out independent voices who work and create outside the boundaries of modern publishing and mass media, following the legacy of W. Eugene Smith. The American photojournalist, working between 1936 and 1978, was committed to the documentation of human condition and suffering. He travelled searching to portray and capture people's behaviour in emotional distress.

For more than thirty years the fund has recognized photographers who explore matters of global importance and address them with integrity and courage.