hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
3rd arrondissement of Paris
The 3rd arrondissement of Paris (IIIe arrondissement, French pronunciation: [tʁwɑzjɛm aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃]) is one of the 20 arrondissements (districts) of the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is colloquially referred to as "le troisième" (French pronunciation: [lə tʁwɑzjɛm]) meaning "the third". Its postal code is 75003. It is governed locally together with the 1st, 2nd and 4th arrondissements, with which it forms the 1st sector of Paris, Paris Centre.

The arrondissement, sometimes known as Temple and situated on the right bank of the River Seine, is the smallest in area after the 2nd. It contains the quieter northern part of the medieval district of Le Marais, while the more lively southern part, notably including the gay district of Paris, is located within the 4th arrondissement.

The Marais
The Marais (Le Marais French: [lə maʁɛ] ⓘ; "the marsh") is a historic district in Paris, France. It spreads across parts of the 3rd and 4th arrondissements on the Rive Droite, or Right Bank, of the Seine. Having once been an aristocratic district, it is home to many buildings of historic and architectural importance. It lost its status as a fashionable district in the late 18th century, with only minor nobles calling the area home. After the French Revolution, the district fell into disrepair and was abandoned by nobility. After a long period of decay, the district has undergone transformation in recent years and is now once again amongst the more fashionable areas of Paris, known for its art galleries, upscale restaurants and museums.
Christine Maxwell
Christine Yvonne Malina-Maxwell (born 16 August 1950) is a British Internet pioneer and educator. She is the creator and co-founder of Magellan, co-founder of the software company Chiliad and the author of several books.  She was the Program Manager of Learning Technologies at the University of Texas at Dallas.

Excite (web portal)
Excite is a web portal, providing a list of hyperlinks to other websites.

Excite was founded in 1993 and Excite.com was the sixth most visited website in 1997. It merged with @Home Network in 1999 and filed for bankruptcy in 2001 after the bursting of the dot-com bubble; the website went into a steep decline in popularity thereafter. Excite's portal and services were acquired by iWon and then by Ask Jeeves, which was acquired by IAC Inc. Excite continues to be operated by Ask Media Group, while search services are provided through by System1. Excite Japan (エキサイト) is now operated by Excite Holdings.
Artin L-function
In mathematics, Artin L-functions are a type of Dirichlet series defined for finite extensions of number fields, encoding informations about linear representations of Galois group, ramification of prime ideals and distribution of absolute norms of ideals.

These functions were introduced in 1923 by Emil Artin, in connection with his research into class field theory. They play important role in modern number theory and are generalizations of better-known functions like Dedekind zeta functions or Dirichlet L-functions. Some of their expected properties turned out to be difficult to prove.

One of the aims of proposed non-abelian class field theory is to incorporate the complex-analytic nature of Artin L-functions into a larger framework, such as is provided by automorphic forms and the Langlands program. So far, only a small part of such a theory has been put on a firm basis.

Dirichlet L-function
In mathematics, a Dirichlet L-series is a function of the form

where  is a Dirichlet character and  a complex variable with real part greater than . It is a special case of a Dirichlet series. By analytic continuation, it can be extended to a meromorphic function on the whole complex plane; it is then called a Dirichlet L-function.

These functions are named after Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet who introduced them in 1837 to prove his theorem on primes in arithmetic progressions. In his proof, Dirichlet showed that  is non-zero at . Moreover, if  is principal, then the corresponding Dirichlet L-function has a simple pole at . Otherwise, the L-function is entire.
Motor nerve
A motor nerve, or efferent nerve, is a nerve that contains exclusively efferent nerve fibers and transmits motor signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to the effector organs (muscles and glands), as opposed to sensory nerves, which transfer signals from sensory receptors in the periphery to the CNS. This is different from the motor neuron, which includes a cell body and branching of dendrites, while the nerve is made up of a bundle of axons. In the strict sense, a "motor nerve" can refer exclusively to the connection to muscles, excluding other organs. The vast majority of nerves contain both sensory and motor fibers and are therefore called mixed nerves.

Sensory nerve
A sensory nerve, or afferent nerve, is a nerve that contains exclusively afferent nerve fibers. Nerves containing also motor fibers are called mixed. Afferent nerve fibers in a sensory nerve carry sensory information toward the central nervous system (CNS) from different sensory receptors of sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Contrarily, a motor nerve carries information from the CNS to the PNS.

Afferent nerve fibers link the sensory neurons throughout the body, in pathways to the relevant processing circuits in the central nervous system.

Afferent nerve fibers are often paired with efferent nerve fibers from the motor neurons (that travel from the CNS to the PNS), in mixed nerves. Stimuli cause nerve impulses in the receptors and alter the potentials, which is known as sensory transduction.
Bruce Lerman
Bruce B. Lerman is a cardiologist. He is the Hilda Altschul Master Professor of Medicine at Weill Cornell Medical College, and was chief of the Division of Cardiology and director of the Cardiac Electrophysiology Laboratory at Weill Cornell Medicine and the New York Presbyterian Hospital.

Weill Cornell Medicine
Weill Cornell Medicine (/waɪl/; officially Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University), originally Cornell University Medical College, is the medical school of Cornell University, located on the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States.

The school and its associated research organization is affiliated with several hospitals and medical centers, including NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Rockefeller University, all of which are located on or near York Avenue and Sutton Place. Since 2004, Weill Cornell has also been affiliated with Houston Methodist Hospital.

In 1991, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Rockefeller University joined Weill Cornell to establish the Tri-Institutional MD–PhD Program. In 2001, the school opened the Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, a medical school in Qatar.
Yi County, Anhui
Yi County or Yixian (simplified Chinese: 黟县; traditional Chinese: 黟縣; pinyin: Yī Xiàn) is a county in the southeast of Anhui Province, China, under the jurisdiction of Huangshan City. It has a population of 100,000 and an area of 847 square kilometres (327 sq mi). The government of Yi County is located in Biyang Town. The villages of Xidi and Hongcun in Yi County are part of the World Heritage Sites.

Yi County has jurisdiction over three towns and nine townships.

Hongcun
Hongcun (Chinese: 宏村; pinyin: Hóngcūn; lit. 'Hong village') is a village in Hongcun Town, Yi County, Huangshan City in the historical Huizhou region of southern Anhui Province, China, near the southwest slope of Mount Huangshan.

Together with Xidi, the village became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000, because of its exceptional preservation of the architecture and city plan of a rural village in feudal China. Scenes from the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon were filmed on location in Hongcun.
Voisin X
The Voisin X (sometimes written as Voisin 10) was a French two-seat pusher biplane which was built in two versions, one fitted with a 37 mm (1.46 in) Hotchkiss cannon (the LBR or X Ca.2), and the other as a conventional night bomber (the LAR or X Bn.2). Problems with the Peugeot engine in the previous Voisin VIII led to the installation of a new Renault engine of greater power and reliability, but the new aircraft was otherwise nearly identical to the VIII. Despite its obsolescence, it would make up the bulk of front line night bomber escadrilles until the end of the war.

Renault 12Fe
The Renault 12Fe, or 300 CV, is a water-cooled V12 aero engine. The 12Fe was the most produced Renault aircraft engine and powered many French aircraft during World War I and the 1920s.

The 12Fe engines were the result of incremental improvements to Renault's 12F series. Although the 12Fe retained the same cylinder arrangement and displacement as its predecessors, Renault designated it as a separate product, marketing it as the 300 CV. These engines were manufactured in Renault's factories in France and the United Kingdom, with additional licensed production by other French and British manufacturers.

By the end of World War I, 12Fe engines powered the bulk of the French bomber force. Post-war the engine type was selected by many of the first airlines and airmail services. During the 1920's 12Fe engines set new standards for endurance and reliability while aircraft fitted with an experimental turbocharged version of the engine claimed a series of high-altitude records.
Bongal
Bongal is a term used in Assam to refer to outsiders. Assam has been settled by colonial officials (amlahs) from Bengal pre-Independence and Hindu Bengali refugees in the post-Independence periods.  The Muslims peasants from East Bengal settled in Assam are now referred to as Miya. The term lent the name to the Bongal Kheda movement of the 1950s and 1960s which sought to drive out non-Assamese competitors and to secure jobs for the natives.

Bongal Kheda
Bongal Kheda (trans. "Drive out the Bengalis)  was a nationalistic movement in Assam, India, orchestrated by native Assamese job seekers which aimed to purge out non-native job competitors — primarily, middle-class Hindu Bengalis. Assam has long been anti-Bengali and after the Independence of India, the Assamese Hindu middle class gained political control in Assam and tried to gain social and economic parity with their competitors, the Bengali Hindu middle class. A significant period of property damage, ethnic policing and even instances of street violence occurred in the region. The exact timeline is disputed, though many authors agree the 1960s saw a height of disruption. It was part of a broader discontent within Assam that would foreshadow the Assamese Language Movement and the anti-Bangladeshi Assam Movement.
Sydney Wolf Pack
The Sydney Wolf Pack are an Australian junior ice hockey team based in Sydney playing in the Australian Junior Ice Hockey League. They represent one of the two junior ice hockey teams from New South Wales currently playing in the AJIHL, which is the most elite level for ice hockey at a national level for ages between 16–20 years old.

Perth Pelicans
The Perth Pelicans are an Australian junior ice hockey team based in Perth, Western Australia playing in the Australian Junior Ice Hockey League. They represent one of the two junior ice hockey teams from Western Australia currently playing in the AJIHL, which is the most elite level for ice hockey at a national level for ages between 16–20 years old.
Spišská Nová Ves
Spišská Nová Ves (Slovak pronunciation: [spiʃskaː nɔvaː ves] ⓘ; Hungarian: Igló; German: (Zipser) Neu(en)dorf) is a town in the Košice Region of Slovakia. The town is located southeast of the High Tatras in the Spiš region, and lies on both banks of the Hornád River. It is the biggest town of the Spišská Nová Ves District.

Tourist attractions nearby include the medieval town of Levoča, Spiš Castle, and the Slovak Paradise National Park. A biennial music festival, Divertimento musicale, is held here, attracting amateur music ensembles from all over Slovakia.

Spiš
Spiš (Polish: Spisz [ˈspiʂ]; Hungarian: Szepesség or Szepes; German: Zips [tsɪps]) is a region in north-eastern Slovakia, with a very small area in south-eastern Poland (more specifically encompassing 14 former Slovak villages). Spiš is an informal designation of the territory, but it is also the name of one of the 21 official tourism regions of Slovakia. The region is not an administrative division in its own right, but between the late 11th century and 1918 it was an administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary (see separate article Szepes County in this regard).
Peter Schumann
Peter Schumann (born 11 June 1934) is the co-founder and director of the radical puppet theater company Bread & Puppet Theater.  Born in Silesia, he was a sculptor and dancer in Germany before moving to the United States in 1961. In 1963 he founded Bread & Puppet in New York City, and in 1970 moved to the Northeast Kingdom of Vermont, eventually settling in Glover, Vermont, where the company still performs. Schumann's best known work is the Domestic Resurrection Circus, performed annually by the Bread and Puppet Theater until 1998. He was married to theater co-founder Elka Schumann until her death in August 2021.

Bread and Puppet Theater
The Bread and Puppet Theater (often known simply as Bread & Puppet) is a politically radical puppet theater, active since the 1960s, based in Glover, Vermont. The theater was co-founded by Elka and Peter Schumann. Schumann is the artistic director.

The name Bread & Puppet is derived from the theater's practice of sharing its own fresh bread, served for free with aïoli, with the audience of each performance to create community, and from its central principle art should be as basic as bread to life.

The Bread and Puppet Theater participates in parades including Independence Day celebrations, notably in Cabot, Vermont, with many effigies including a satirical Uncle Sam on stilts.
Naomi Smalls
Naomi Smalls is the stage name of Davis Heppenstall (born September 8, 1993), an American drag queen and reality television personality, best known as one of the runners-up on the eighth season of RuPaul's Drag Race as well as RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars season 4.

Manila Luzon
Karl Philip Michael Westerberg (born August 10, 1981), known professionally as Manila Luzon, is an American drag queen, reality television personality, recording artist, and comedian. Luzon came to international attention as a contestant on the third season of RuPaul's Drag Race and on the first and fourth seasons of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars.

Luzon has also contributed to the compilation album series Christmas Queens.
Jinling Shengmu
Jinling Shengmu (simplified Chinese: 金灵圣母; traditional Chinese: 金靈聖母; pinyin: Jīnlíng Shèngmǔ; lit. 'Saint Mother (of) Golden Spirit')  is a character in the 16th-century Chinese novel, Fengshen Yanyi, which is also known as The Investiture of the Gods.  She is a powerful immortal of the Jie sect, being one of the four chief disciples of its leader, Tongtian Jiaozhu.

Tongtian Jiaozhu
Tongtian Jiaozhu (通天教主) or sometimes translated as Grandmaster of Heaven is the third disciple of Hongjun Laozu and younger brother of Yuanshi Tianzun and Taishang Laojun. He has appeared as an antagonist in many legends, classic novels, and television series. Most notably, he features in the classic Chinese novel Fengshen Yanyi, also known as The Investiture of the Gods.
William O'Brien
William O'Brien (2 October 1852 – 25 February 1928) was an Irish nationalist, journalist, agrarian agitator, social revolutionary, politician, party leader, newspaper publisher, author and Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. He was particularly associated with the campaigns for land reform in Ireland during the late 19th and early 20th centuries as well as his conciliatory approach to attaining Irish Home Rule.

Patrick Augustine Sheehan
Patrick Augustine Sheehan (17 March 1852 – 5 October 1913) was an Irish Catholic priest, author and political activist. He was usually known as Canon Sheehan after his 1903 appointment as a canon of the diocese of Cloyne, or more fully as Canon Sheehan of Doneraile, after the town of Doneraile where he wrote almost all of his major works and served as parish priest.
Port Coquitlam Trailblazers
The Port Coquitlam Trailblazers are a Junior ice hockey team in the Pacific Junior Hockey League based in Port Coquitlam, British Columbia. The team plays its home games at the Port Coquitlam Community Centre (PCCC), which opened in 2019.

Pacific Junior Hockey League
The Pacific Junior Hockey League (PJHL) is a junior ice hockey  league which operates in the Lower Mainland and the Sunshine Coast of British Columbia. Although the PJHL has included American teams in the past, the league's sixteen franchises all currently reside in the districts of Metro Vancouver, Fraser Valley, and the Sunshine Coast. Several National Hockey League stars began their junior hockey careers in the PJHL, but the main focus of the league is player development and education with strong ties to the local hockey community. The PJHL Championship is awarded annually to the league playoff champion and the winner moves on to compete against the champions of the Kootenay International Junior Hockey League and the Vancouver Island Junior Hockey League for the provincial title, the Cyclone Taylor Cup. From 1983 to 2017, the winner of the Cyclone Taylor Cup moves on to compete for the Western Canada Junior "B" Crown, the Keystone Cup.
1964 NFL draft
The 1964 NFL draft was held in Chicago, Illinois, at the Sheraton Hotel & Towers on Monday, December 2, 1963.

The first overall pick was Dave Parks, an end from Texas Tech, selected by the San Francisco 49ers.

The AFL draft was two days earlier, on Saturday, November 30. In the next two years, the drafts were held on the same day; following the merger agreement in June 1966, a common draft was instituted for 1967.

The 1964 NFL Draft is notable for the highest number of people enshrined in Pro Football Hall of Fame with 11 total, 1 player selected was inducted as a coach, Bill Parcells.

1964 American Football League draft
The 1964 American Football League draft was held in New York City on Saturday, November 30, 1963.

The first selection was quarterback John Concannon of Boston College, taken by the Boston Patriots. The NFL draft was held two days later in Chicago.
Mark Grieb
Mark Richard Grieb (born May 23, 1974) is an American football coach and former quarterback. He spent the majority of his playing career with the San Jose SaberCats of the Arena Football League (AFL). Grieb currently serves as the head coach of the Sacred Heart Prep Gators football team in Atherton, California. He was a 13-year veteran of the AFL, having played quarterback for the Anaheim Piranhas (1997) and San Jose SaberCats (1999–2008, 2011–2012). Grieb also played in NFL Europe for the Scottish Claymores (1998) and in the XFL with the Las Vegas Outlaws (2001). Grieb is the second quarterback in AFL history to throw for over 47,000 yards, over 900 touchdowns, and over 3,800 completions. He officially retired on November 8, 2012. He played college football at University of California, Davis. Grieb passed for 48,803 yards between the AFL, XFL and NFL Europe.

Grieb appeared in three ArenaBowls, winning titles in 2002, 2004 and 2007.

ArenaBowl XVIII
ArenaBowl XVIII saw the San Jose SaberCats and Arizona Rattlers competing for the 2004 Arena Football League championship. Until 2010, this game marked the last time the ArenaBowl was held at the home arena of the higher-seeded team, rather than a neutral site, and 17,391 fans packed the sold-out America West Arena as the visiting SaberCats defeated the homestanding Rattlers, 69–62 in a rematch of ArenaBowl XVI.
Xiao Mohe
Xiao Mohe (Chinese: 蕭摩訶; 532–604), courtesy name Yuanyin (元胤), was a general of the Chinese Chen and Sui dynasties. He initially served in the military in the late Liang dynasty, and gradually grew in stature and fame during the reigns of each of the emperors of Chen dynasty. When Sui forces attacked Chen in 589, Xiao resisted, and his defeat and capture sealed Chen's fate, allowing Sui to destroy Chen and unify China proper. He later served under Emperor Wen of Sui's son, Yang Liang, the Prince of Han, and became a major proponent of Yang Liang's rebellion against his brother, Emperor Yang of Sui, in 604. However, he was unable to stand against the attack led by the general Yang Su, and was captured and executed.

Chen dynasty
The Chen dynasty (traditional Chinese: 陳朝; simplified Chinese: 陈朝; pinyin: Chén Cháo), alternatively known as the Southern Chen (南陳 / 南朝陳) in historiography, was a Chinese imperial dynasty and the fourth and last of the Southern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties period. Following the Liang dynasty, the Chen dynasty was founded by Chen Baxian (Emperor Wu). The Chen dynasty further strengthened and revitalized the economy and culture of southern China, and made territorial expansions northward, laying the foundation for future dynasties. It was conquered by the Sui dynasty in 589 AD, marking an end to the Northern and Southern dynasties period in Chinese history. The descendants of the Chen imperial family continued to hold powerful high-ranking positions in the imperial courts of both the Sui and Tang dynasties.
KeY
KeY is a formal verification tool for Java programs. It accepts specifications written in the Java Modeling Language to Java source files. These are transformed into theorems of dynamic logic and then compared against program semantics that are likewise defined in terms of dynamic logic. KeY is significantly powerful in that it supports both interactive (i.e. by hand) and fully automated correctness proofs. Failed proof attempts can be used for a more efficient debugging or verification-based testing. There have been several extensions to KeY in order to apply it to the verification of C programs or hybrid systems. KeY is jointly developed by Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany; Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany; and Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden and is licensed under the GPL.

Java Modeling Language
The Java Modeling Language (JML) is a specification language for Java programs, using Hoare style pre- and postconditions and invariants, that follows the design by contract paradigm. Specifications are written as Java annotation comments to the source files, which hence can be compiled with any Java compiler.

Various verification tools, such as a runtime assertion checker and the Extended Static Checker (ESC/Java) aid development.
Linear predictive coding
Linear predictive coding (LPC) is a method used mostly in audio signal processing and speech processing for representing the spectral envelope of a digital signal of speech in compressed form, using the information of a linear predictive model.

LPC is the most widely used method in speech coding and speech synthesis. It is a powerful speech analysis technique, and a useful method for encoding good quality speech at a low bit rate.

Linear prediction
Linear prediction is a mathematical operation where future values of a discrete-time signal are estimated as a linear function of previous samples.

In digital signal processing, linear prediction is often called linear predictive coding (LPC) and can thus be viewed as a subset of filter theory. In system analysis, a subfield of mathematics, linear prediction can be viewed as a part of mathematical modelling or optimization.