hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philippa Marrack
Philippa Marrack, FRS (born 28 June 1945) is an English immunologist and academic, based in the United States, best known for her research and discoveries pertaining to T cells. Marrack is the Ida and Cecil Green Professor and chair of the Department of Biomedical Research at National Jewish Health and a distinguished professor of immunology and microbiology at the University of Colorado Denver.

John Kappler
John Wayne Kappler (born December 22, 1943, in Baltimore, Maryland) is a professor in the Department of Integrated Immunology at National Jewish Health. His principal research is in T cell biology, a subject he collaborates on with his wife Philippa Marrack. In 1983 they discovered the T cell receptor, together with Ellis Reinherz and James Allison.
Cytarabine
Cytarabine, also known as cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), is a chemotherapy medication used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is given by injection into a vein, under the skin, or into the cerebrospinal fluid. There is a liposomal formulation for which there is tentative evidence of better outcomes in lymphoma involving the meninges.

Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, vomiting, diarrhea, liver problems, rash, ulcer formation in the mouth, and bleeding. Other serious side effects include loss of consciousness, lung disease, and allergic reactions. Use during pregnancy may harm the baby. Cytarabine is in the antimetabolite and nucleoside analog families of medication. It works by blocking the function of DNA polymerase.

Cytarabine was patented in 1960 and approved for medical use in 1969. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Antimetabolite
An antimetabolite is a chemical that inhibits the use of a metabolite, which is another chemical that is part of normal metabolism. Such substances are often similar in structure to the metabolite that they interfere with, such as the antifolates that interfere with the use of folic acid; thus, competitive inhibition can occur, and the presence of antimetabolites can have toxic effects on cells, such as halting cell growth and cell division, so these compounds are used in chemotherapy for cancer.
Ravivaar With Star Parivaar
Ravivaar With Star Parivaar (transl. "Sunday with Star Family") is an Indian Hindi-language television game show that premiered on 12 June 2022 on StarPlus. It digitally streams on Disney+ Hotstar. The series is a remake of the Tamil reality script show Enkitta Modhaade The series is hosted by Arjun Bijlani and Amaal Mallik and features various StarPlus television series casts competing in a music competition. The show features eight shows competing against each other to win the title of Best Parivaar. Team Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai emerged as the winner of the show.

Pandya Store
Pandya Store (transl. Shop of the Pandyas) is an Indian Hindi-language television family drama series that premiered from 25 January 2021 to 26 May 2024 on Star Plus. It streams digitally on Disney+ Hotstar. Produced by Sunjoy Waddhwa and Commal Waddhwa under their banner Sphere Origins, the series is an official adaptation of Star Vijay's Tamil series Pandian Stores. One of the longest running Indian television soap operas, the series starred Kinshuk Mahajan, Shiny Doshi, Akshay Kharodia, Kanwar Dhillon, Mohit Parmar, Alice Kaushik, Simran Budharup, Kruttika Desai, Priyanshi Yadav and Rohit Chandel.
Unlambda
Unlambda is a minimal, "nearly pure" functional programming language invented by David Madore. It is based on combinatory logic, an expression system without the lambda operator or free variables. It relies mainly on two built-in functions (s and k) and an apply operator (written `, the backquote character). These alone make it Turing-complete, but there are also some input/output (I/O) functions to enable interacting with the user, some shortcut functions, and a lazy evaluation function. Variables are unsupported.

Unlambda is free and open-source software distributed under a GNU General Public License (GPL) 2.0 or later.

Combinatory logic
Combinatory logic is a notation to eliminate the need for quantified variables in mathematical logic. It was introduced by Moses Schönfinkel and Haskell Curry, and has more recently been used in computer science as a theoretical model of computation and also as a basis for the design of functional programming languages. It is based on combinators, which were introduced by Schönfinkel in 1920 with the idea of providing an analogous way to build up functions—and to remove any mention of variables—particularly in predicate logic.  A combinator is a higher-order function that uses only function application and earlier defined combinators to define a result from its arguments.
Tobacco in the American colonies
Tobacco cultivation and exports formed an essential component of the American colonial economy. It was distinct from rice, wheat, cotton and other cash crops in terms of agricultural demands, trade, slave labor, and plantation culture. Many influential American revolutionaries, including Thomas Jefferson and George Washington, owned tobacco plantations, and were hurt by debt to British tobacco merchants shortly before the American Revolution.  For the later period see History of commercial tobacco in the United States.

History of commercial tobacco in the United States
The history of commercial tobacco production in the United States dates back to the 17th century when the first commercial crop was planted.  The industry originated in the production of tobacco for British pipes and snuff. See Tobacco in the American colonies.  In late 18th century there was an increase in demand for tobacco in the United States, where the demand for tobacco in the form of cigars and chewing tobacco increased.  In the late 19th century production shifted to the manufactured cigarette.
Les Moulins Regional County Municipality
Les Moulins (French pronunciation: [le mulɛ̃]) is a regional county municipality in the Lanaudière region of Quebec, Canada.

It is located immediately north of Laval on the north shore of the Rivière des Mille-Îles, and comprises the municipalities of Terrebonne and Mascouche. Historic communities in the region, which are now arrondissements of the two existing cities, include Lachenaie and La Plaine.

The population according to the 2016 Canadian Census was 158,267

La Plaine, Quebec
La Plaine (French pronunciation: [la plɛn]) is an off-island suburb of Montreal, and a former city in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It lies north of Montreal and Laval. Since June 27th, 2001 It is now part of the city of Terrebonne in the Les Moulins Regional County Municipality. It is part of the administrative division of Lanaudière.
Pennsylvania Route 403
Pennsylvania Route 403 (PA 403) is a north–south state route in Somerset, Cambria and Indiana counties of Pennsylvania. The southern terminus is at U.S. Route 30 (US 30) in the hamlet of Kantner in Quemahoning Township. The northern terminus is at US 119 near Marion Center.

Cambria County, Pennsylvania
Cambria County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 133,472. Its county seat is Ebensburg. The county was created on March 26, 1804, from parts of Bedford, Huntingdon, and Somerset counties and later organized in 1807. It was named for the nation of Wales, which in Latin is known as "Cambria". The county is part of the Southwest region of the commonwealth.

Cambria County comprises the Johnstown, PA metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Johnstown-Somerset, PA combined statistical area.
Mount Hope, Queensland
Mount Hope refers to a mining lease in the north-west of Queensland near Mount Isa.

The lease for Mount Hope is important to understand Australian history and the economy in relation to mining. The mine has operated sporadically since prior to 1900. The Lolworth Creek Battery operations also were referred to as Mount Hope. The current operators and 100% owners of the lease are listed on the ASX (Australian Stock / Securities Exchange). Products of the mine were historically copper as the main mining resource.

Lolworth Creek Battery
Lolworth Creek Battery is a heritage-listed stamper battery at Basalt (100 kilometres (62 mi) west of Charters Towers), Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from c. 1930 to c. 1932. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 14 June 2003.
Thylacocercus
Thylacocercus is a genus of vetulocystid from the Wheeler Shale of Utah that is tentatively placed within the family Vetulocystidae. Its discovery extended the temporal range of vetulocystids from the Lower Cambrian Stage 3 to the Middle Cambrian Stage 5 (Drumian), and the geographic range from South China to Laurentia.

Vetulocystidae
Vetulocystidae is the only family of the taxon Vetulocystida, which is a group of extinct deuterostomes of uncertain phylogenetic position. Vetulocystidae is made up of the genera Vetulocystis, Dianchicystis and Thylacocercus.
Casey Patterson
Casey Patterson is an American television executive, producer and director.

Patterson is credited as the creator of The Comedy Awards, the Guys Choice Awards, the Scream Awards, and was the co-creator of The Sharon Osbourne Show. She also produced and created the One Night Only specials, starting with Eddie Murphy in 2012, Don Rickles in 2014, and Alec Baldwin in 2017. As an executive she has produced and overseen various specials and awards shows, including The Concert for New York City, The Concert of the Century at the White House, and the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace.

Scream Awards
The Scream Awards were an annual awards show run and broadcast by Spike from 2005 to 2012. The premier Awards Ceremony was known as Spike TV's Scream Awards 2006, however, for subsequent years, the show was relabeled to simply "Scream", followed with the respective year, e.g., Scream 2009.

These events were billed as a commemoration of "all things sci-fi, fantasy, horror and comic book" featuring "the hottest films, TV shows, comics, actors, creators, and icons who have influenced and shaped these genres". Those recognised came from across a number of entertainment platforms including movies, television and comic books.
Anna Vernikov
Anna Vernikov (Hebrew: אנה ורניקוב; born July 15, 2002) is an American-Israeli pair skater. With her former skating partner, Evgeni Krasnopolski, she is the 2020 Israeli national champion and competed in the final segment at the 2020 European Championships.

Evgeni Krasnopolski
Evgeni Krasnopolski (Hebrew: יבגני קרסנופולסקי, Ukrainian: Євгеній Краснопольський; born 4 October 1988) is a Ukrainian-born Israeli retired pair skater. Krasnopolski and Andrea Davidovich were the first pair representing Israel to qualify for Israel at the 2014 Olympics. They finished 15th in Sochi. Krasnopolski competed with Danielle Montalbano from 2009 to 2012. He competed for Israel at the 2018 Winter Olympics with Paige Conners in figure skating in pairs skating and a team event in Pyeongchang, South Korea.  He and Hailey Kops competed at the 2021 CS Nebelhorn Trophy and qualified to compete for Israel at the 2022 Winter Olympics.
Oklahoma State Highway 4
State Highway 4, abbreviated as SH-4 or OK-4, is a designation for two distinct highways maintained by the U.S. state of Oklahoma. One of them serves as an important route through the suburbs west of Oklahoma City, while the other connects US-259 to the Arkansas state line west of Cove, Arkansas. SH-4 has no lettered spur routes.

The two SH-4s were never connected. The Central Oklahoma highway was established in 1941 and gradually extended to its present extent between then and 2003. The Eastern Oklahoma highway was originally numbered SH-21, and was renumbered to SH-4 in 1963.

Oklahoma State Highway 152
State Highway 152 (abbreviated SH-152) is a state highway running through west-central Oklahoma. It begins at the Texas state line, serving as a continuation of Texas State Highway 152, and continues east to end at I-344 (John Kilpatrick Turnpike) in southwest Oklahoma City, a length of 145 miles (233 km). Along its route it serves three county seats: Sayre, Cordell, and Oklahoma City (which is also the state capital). Near the east end, it passes through in the Oklahoma City suburb of Mustang before being its terminus on the east side of that town.

SH-152 was originally designated around 1927. It was initially numbered SH-41, and connected Sayre to Minco. SH-41 was extended east to Oklahoma City around 1934 and west to the Texas state line around 1938. The highway was renumbered to SH-152 in 1954.
Rivière du Castor
The rivière du Castor (French pronunciation: [ʁivjɛʁ dy kastɔʁ], River of the Beaver) is a tributary of Rivière à l'Ours, flowing successively in the municipalities of Sainte-Hedwidge and Saint-Prime, in the Le Domaine-du-Roy Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

The Beaver River valley is served by the 3rd range road, the Marcel-Auclair road and the 6th range road.

Forestry and agriculture are the main economic activities in this valley.

The surface of the Beaver River is usually frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, except the rapids areas; however, safe traffic on the ice is generally from mid-December to mid-March.

Rivière à l'Ours (Ashuapmushuan River tributary)
The Rivière à l'Ours is a tributary of Ashuapmushuan River, flowing successively in the unorganized territory of Lac-Ashuapmushuan, in the municipalities of Saint-Félicien and Saint-Prime, in the Le Domaine-du-Roy Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

The upper part of the Bear River valley is served by forest roads.

Forestry is the main economic activity in the upper part of this valley, as well as recreational tourism activities in the Zec de la Lièvre area; agriculture, in the lower part.

The surface of the Bear River is usually frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, except the rapids areas; however, safe traffic on the ice is generally from mid-December to mid-March.
National Solar Conference and World Renewable Energy Forum 2012
National Solar Conference and World Renewable Energy Forum 2012 is an academic/scientific conference combined with a solar industry trade exhibition, to be held at the Denver Convention Center in Colorado, May 13 to 19, 2012.

It's organized jointly by the American Solar Energy Society, the World Renewable Energy Network, the International Solar Energy Society, the Colorado Renewable Energy Society, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

The Conference incorporates the 41st annual National Solar Energy Conference, the 37tn National Passive Solar Energy Conference, the 7th ASES Policy and Marketing Conference, and a Renewable Energy Products and Services Exhibition. The Exhibition will be open to the public on Friday, May 19.

Conference chair is Chuck Kutscher, Ph.D., a principal engineer at the National Renewable Energy Lab.

American Solar Energy Society
The American Solar Energy Society (ASES) is a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization advocating for renewable energy in the United States. Founded in 1954, ASES' goal is to speed the transition toward a sustainable energy economy and 100% renewable energy. The non-profit advocates for sustainable living and renewable energy issues in education, research, and policy.

Based in Boulder, Colorado, ASES is the American affiliate of the International Solar Energy Society.

ASES publishes Solar Today magazine, organizes the National Solar Tour, and organizes the National Solar Energy Conference.
Felino Jr.
Felino Jr. (born February 12, 1987) is a Mexican luchador enmascarado (or masked professional wrestler), who works for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). He was previously known by the ring name Tiger, and before that, as Tiger Kid (sometimes spelled Tiger Kidd). He frequently teams with his brother, fellow enmascarado Puma King.

He is a member of the Casas wrestling family, and is a son of El Felino. He uses a ring character and a mask very similar to his father and has been trained by his uncle, professional wrestler Negro Casas. His real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans.

Casas wrestling family
The Casas wrestling family, at times called La Dinastia Casas ("The Casas Dynasty") in Spanish, is a Mexican family of luchadors, or professional wrestlers. The Casas family perform primarily in Mexico but have made appearances in the United States of America, Canada, Europe and Japan over the years.
Flower of the East
The Flower of the East (Persian: گل شرق) complex was a €1.7 billion tourism attraction project, begun in 2004 in Kish Island and was expected to be finished by 2010. The project was cancelled in 2007. The complex was to accommodate a luxury hotel. This project was cancelled in 2017. If built, the 210-meter hotel would have been the tallest building in Iran surpassing Tehran International Tower in Tehran.

Kish Island
Kish (Persian: کیش listenⓘ) is a 91.5-square-kilometre (35.3 mi2) resort island in Bandar Lengeh County, Hormozgan Province, off the southern coast of Iran in the Persian Gulf. The island constitutes the city of Kish. Owing to its free trade zone status, the island is marketed as a consumers' paradise, offering shopping centers, tourist attractions, and resort hotels. It has an estimated population of around 55,205 residents and about 12 million visitors annually.
Wojciech Kossak
Wojciech Horacy Kossak (31 December 1856 – 29 July 1942) was a Polish painter and member of the celebrated Kossak family of artists and writers.  He was the son of painter Juliusz Kossak, and twin brother of freedom fighter Tadeusz Kossak, and the father of two highly talented literary daughters, Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska and Magdalena Samozwaniec and of a painter son, Jerzy Kossak.

Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska
Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska, née Kossak (24 November 1891 – 9 July 1945), was a Polish poet. She was known as the "Polish Sappho" and "queen of lyrical poetry" during Poland's interwar period. She was also a dramatist.
Balticconnector
Balticconnector is a bi-directional natural gas pipeline between Ingå, Finland and Paldiski, Estonia operated by Gasgrid Finland and Elering. It connects the Estonian and Finnish gas grids, and provides Finland with access to the Inčukalns underground gas storage facility in Latvia.

The subsea pipeline and a nearby data cable were damaged in October 2023. The pipeline was repaired and began operation again after six months. The Chinese authorities reported that the anchor of the Hong Kong-flagged ship NewNew Polar Bear was responsible for breaking the pipeline. The Chinese authorities concluded it was an accident, while "both the Estonian and Finnish inquiries are ongoing."

Elering
Elering AS (former name: OÜ Põhivõrk) is a national transmission system operator for electricity and natural gas with headquarters in Tallinn, Estonia. The managing director of Elering is Taavi Veskimägi.
Baron Strathalmond
Baron Strathalmond, of Pumpherston in the County of Midlothian, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 18 February 1955 for the businessman Sir William Fraser. He was chairman of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (known as BP from 1954) from 1941 to 1956. His son, the second Baron, was managing director of the Kuwait Oil Company and a director of BP and later chairman of Govan Shipbuilders. As of 2017 the title is held by the latter's son, the third Baron, who succeeded in 1976.

William Fraser, 1st Baron Strathalmond
William Milligan Fraser, 1st Baron Strathalmond CBE (3 November 1888 – 1 April 1970) was a Scottish oilman. Fraser served from 1941 to 1954 as the fourth and final chairman of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, and from 1954 to 1956 as the first chairman of British Petroleum.
Ioneer
ioneer Ltd. is a lithium-boron supplier founded in 2001 and headquartered in Sydney, New South Wales. The company states that they are "intent on pioneering the production of materials necessary for a sustainable future." They are developing a Nevada mine site known as Rhyolite Ridge in order to be a future producer of lithium-boron.

The Rhyolite Ridge project has raised controversy as it may threaten some populations of a rare wildflower, Tiehm's buckwheat (Eriogonum tiehmii), an edaphic endemic to the project area. The conflict over the conservation of the plants has sparked debate over whether the sustainability benefits of lithium extraction outweigh the fate of the buckwheat.

Eriogonum tiehmii
Eriogonum tiehmii, known as Tiehm's buckwheat, is a species of flowering plant endemic to the Silver Peak Range of Esmeralda County, Nevada, in the United States. Its only known population is at high risk of destruction due to proposed mining for lithium (used for batteries in electric vehicles) by the Australian company Ioneer. In 2020, a noticeable decline in the known population was attributed to herbivory.
Joan of Kent
Joan, Countess of Kent suo jure (c. 1328 – August 1385), also known as the "Fair Maid of Kent", was mother of King Richard II of England, her son by her third husband, Edward the Black Prince, the eldest son and heir apparent of King Edward III. The French chronicler Jean Froissart described her as 'in her time the most beautiful woman in all the realm of England, and the most loved', and, Chandos Herald wrote that she was 'beautiful, pleasant and wise'. After the death of her brother John, 3rd Earl of Kent, in 1352, Joan inherited the titles 4th Countess of Kent and 5th Baroness Wake of Liddell. Joan was made a Lady of the Garter in 1378.

Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent
Thomas Holland, 2nd Baron Holand, and jure uxoris 1st Earl of Kent, KG (c. 1314 – 26 December 1360) was an English nobleman and military commander during the Hundred Years' War. By the time of the Crécy campaign, he had apparently lost one of his eyes.
1981 England riots
In April and July 1981, there were riots in several cities and towns in England. The riots mainly involved Black British youth clashing with police. They were caused by tension between Black people and the police, especially perceived racist discrimination against Black people through increased use of stop-and-search, and were also fuelled by inner-city deprivation. The most serious riots were the April Brixton riots in London, followed in July by the Toxteth riots in Liverpool, the Handsworth riots in Birmingham, the Chapeltown riots in Leeds, and the Moss Side riots in Manchester. There were also a series of less serious riots in other towns and cities. As a result of the riots, the government commissioned the Scarman Report.

Sus law
In England and Wales, the sus law (from "suspected person") was a stop and search law that permitted a police officer to stop, search and potentially arrest people on suspicion of them being in breach of section 4 of the Vagrancy Act 1824. According to a 2018 study in the British Journal of Criminology, stop and search had a marginal impact on crime in the UK.
2009 UFL season
The 2009 United Football League season—referred to by the professional American football league as the UFL Premiere Season—was the inaugural season of the United Football League. The regular season featured 4 teams playing 6 games each (twice against each of the other teams), and both began and ended at Sam Boyd Stadium in Las Vegas. Sam Boyd Stadium was the site of the 2009 UFL Championship Game on November 27, a game that saw the Locomotives defeat the previously unbeaten Florida Tuskers 20–17 in overtime.

2009 UFL championship game
The 2009 UFL championship game was the concluding game of the United Football League's inaugural season. The game was staged at Sam Boyd Stadium in Whitney, Nevada on Friday, November 27, 2009 (one day after Thanksgiving), and was won by the Las Vegas Locomotives, who defeated the previously unbeaten Florida Tuskers 20–17 on a 33-yard field goal in overtime.