hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nicotine gum
Nicotine gum is a chewing gum containing the active ingredient nicotine polacrilex. It is a type of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) used alone or in combination with other pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation and for quitting smokeless tobacco.

Nicotine gum is available via general, pharmaceutical, and online sales without the need for a prescription. Flavor options range from mint and cinnamon to various fruit flavors, and doses range from 2–6 mg, though it is most commonly sold in 2 and 4 mg strengths. Common side effects include mouth irritation or ulcers, jaw pain, and hiccups. Although nicotine in tobacco products is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, hyperlipidemia, and increased insulin resistance, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate that nicotine found in nicotine gum has the same health effects.

Nicotine gum and other NRT products are on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Nicotine polacrilex
Nicotine polacrilex is nicotine bound to an ion-exchange resin (polymethacrylic acid, such as Amberlite IRP64, Purolite C115HMR or Doshion P551). It is added to gum and hard lozenges used for nicotine replacement therapy in smoking cessation, such as in the Nicorette range of products. The use of the polymer as a delivery system maximizes the amount of nicotine released and absorbed by the oral mucosa. 80 to 90 percent of the nicotine released from the gum is absorbed by the mouth. Side effects of the gum include bad taste, nausea, dyspepsia, and stomatitis.
Jerome Steever
Jerome Elwell Steever (January 7, 1880 – January 5, 1957) was an American water polo player who competed for the Chicago Athletic Association and represented the U.S. in the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, winning a silver medal in the Water Polo competition.  He later worked as a trader for the Chicago Board of Trade.

David Hammond (swimmer)
David Thurwell Hammond (April 5, 1882 – February 3, 1940) was an American freestyle swimmer and water polo player who competed for the Chicago Athletic Assoication and participated in the 1904 Summer Olympics, taking a silver medal in water polo, and a silver medal in the 4x50 yard freestyle relay. He later married and earned his living as a Chicago and New York area broker.
Apinayé language
Apinayé or Apinajé (otherwise known as Afotigé, Aogé, Apinagé, Otogé, Oupinagee, Pinagé, Pinaré, Uhitische, Utinsche, and Western Timbira) is a Northern Jê language (Jê, Macro-Jê) spoken in Tocantins, Eastern Central Brazil by some 2277 speakers of Apinajé people according to the most recent census taken by SIASI/SESAI in 2014. There are thirteen villages that speak the Apinayé language. The biggest and oldest villages include São José and Mariazinha; and the smaller villages are Cocalinho, Patizal, Buriti Comprido, Palmeiras, Prata, Cocal Grande, Serrinha, Botica, Riachinho, Bonito and Brejão.  It is a subject–object–verb language.

Ethnologue considers Apinayé "developing," with a rating of 5 on the Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS). It can be hypothesized that language transmission is high, since Apinayé was ranked as a threatened language in the past 10 years, but presently it is no longer at that level.

Macro-Jê languages
Macro-Jê (also spelled Macro-Gê) is a medium-sized language family in South America, mostly in Brazil but also in the Chiquitanía region in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. It is centered on the Jê language family, with most other branches currently being single languages due to extinctions.
Mr. Immortal
Mr. Immortal (Craig Hollis) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is the leader of the Great Lakes Avengers.

The character made his live-action debut in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) television series She-Hulk: Attorney at Law, played by David Pasquesi.

Great Lakes Avengers
The Great Lakes Avengers (also known as The Lightning Rods, The Great Lakes X-Men, The Great Lakes Champions, and The Great Lakes Initiative) are a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The characters were introduced in West Coast Avengers #46 (July 1989), and were created by John Byrne.
Denise Phua
Denise Phua Lay Peng (born 9 December 1959) is a Singaporean politician who has been serving as Mayor of Central Singapore District since 2014. A member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), she has been the Member of Parliament (MP) representing the Kampong Glam division of Jalan Besar GRC since 2015.

Prior to entering politics, she is a full-time special needs volunteer after working in the private sector for two decades. She became the president of the Autism Resource Centre and co-founded Pathlight School.

As an MP, she has focused on developing programmes for disabled people and special needs communities in Singapore. She is a member of both the Government Parliamentary Committees (GPC) for Education and Social and Family Development.

Central Singapore Community Development Council
The Central Singapore Community Development Council is one of five Community Development Councils (CDCs) set up across the Republic of Singapore to aid in local administration of governmental policies and schemes.
Maibang
Maibang (IPA: mai-bang [mai means rice and bang means much], defining a land of prosperity) is a town and a town area committee in Dima Hasao district in the Indian state of Assam. Maibang is also one of the three sub-divisions of Dima Hasao District. It was once the capital of the Dimasa Kachari Kingdom. There is a stone house of Dimasa king.

Dima Hasao district
Dima Hasao district (/ˈdɪmə həˈsaʊ/), is an administrative district in the state of Assam, India. As of 2011, it is the least populous district of Assam.

Dima Hasao district is one of two autonomous hill districts of Assam. The district headquarters Haflong is the only hill station in the state.
Berthold, Margrave of Baden
Berthold Prinz und Markgraf von Baden (24 February 1906 – 27 October 1963), styled Margrave of Baden and Duke of Zähringen, was the head of the House of Baden, which had reigned over the Grand Duchy of Baden until 1918, from 1929 until his death. He was the brother-in-law of Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, through his marriage to Philip's sister, Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark.

Maximilian, Margrave of Baden
Maximilian, Margrave of Baden (Maximilian Andreas Friedrich Gustav Ernst August Bernhard Prinz und Markgraf von Baden; 3 July 1933 – 29 December 2022),  also known as Max von Baden, was a German businessman and the head of House of Baden. Through his mother, Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark, the second sister of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, he was a first cousin of Charles III, King of the United Kingdom.
Noheji Station
Noheji Station (野辺地駅, Noheji-eki) is a railway station located in the central district of the town of Noheji in Aomori Prefecture, Japan. The station has been operating since 1891.  Since 2010, the station has been jointly operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) and the Aoimori Railway Company, a third sector, regional rail operator. The station is the southern terminus of JR East's Ōminato Line and was formerly the northern terminus of the Nanbu Jūkan Railway.

Nanbu Jūkan Railway
The Nanbu Jūkan Railway (南部縦貫鉄道線, Nanbu Jūkan Tetsudō-sen) was a railbus line in eastern Aomori Prefecture, Japan. Services on the railway began 1962 and ceased in 1997 due to financial hardship. It connected Noheji Station in the town of Noheji to Shichinohe Station in the town of Shichinohe.
Leonid Petrovich Reshetnikov
Leonid Petrovich Reshetnikov (Russian: Леонид Петрович Решетников; born 6 February 1947) is a Soviet and Russian secret service agent, Lieutenant-General of Foreign Intelligence Service, director of the Russian Institute for Strategic Studies (29 April 2009 – 4 January 2017) where he actively supported interference in the United States elections. He is called "the right hand of Mr. Putin on the Balkans."

Russian Institute for Strategic Studies
The Russian Institute for Strategic Studies (RISS) or (RISI) or (RISY) (Russian: Российский институт стратегических исследований (РИСИ)) is a Russian research and analytical center formed by decree  by former   Russian Federation President Boris Yeltsin in 1992.

Many of its employees are retired senior Russian foreign intelligence officials appointed by Putin's office.
Triple conjunction
A triple conjunction is an astronomical event when two planets or a planet and a star appear to meet each other three times during a brief period, either in opposition or at the time of inferior conjunction, if an inferior planet is involved. The visible movement of the planet or the planets in the sky appears therefore normally prograde at the first conjunction, retrograde at the second conjunction, and again prograde at the third conjunction.

The lining-up of three planets is a particular case of syzygy.

There are three possible cases of triple conjunctions.

Great conjunction
A great conjunction is a conjunction of the planets Jupiter and Saturn, when the two planets appear closest together in the sky. Great conjunctions occur approximately every 20 years when Jupiter "overtakes" Saturn in its orbit. They are named "great" for being by far the rarest of the conjunctions between naked-eye planets (i.e. excluding Uranus, Neptune, and the dwarf planets).

The spacing between the planets varies from conjunction to conjunction with most events being 0.5 to 1.3 degrees (30 to 78 arcminutes, or 1 to 2.5 times the width of a full moon). Very close conjunctions happen much less frequently (though the maximum of 1.3° is still close by inner planet standards): separations of less than 10 arcminutes have only happened four times since 1200, most recently in 2020.
Divisor summatory function
In number theory, the divisor summatory function is a function that is a sum over the divisor function. It frequently occurs in the study of the asymptotic behaviour of the Riemann zeta function. The various studies of the behaviour of the divisor function are sometimes called divisor problems.

Gauss circle problem
In mathematics, the Gauss circle problem is the problem of determining how many integer lattice points there are in a circle centered at the origin and with radius .  This number is approximated by the area of the circle, so the real problem is to accurately bound the error term describing how the number of points differs from the area.
The first progress on a solution was made by Carl Friedrich Gauss, hence its name.
Zuiderduintjes
Zuiderduintjes (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzœydərˌdœyɲtɕəs]; English: Little Southern Dunes) is an uninhabited island in the Wadden Sea in the Netherlands. It is situated south of Rottumeroog, east of Rottumerplaat, and west of Borkum. The island is one of the three West Frisian Islands in the municipality of Het Hogeland and in the province of Groningen.

Zuiderduintjes is part of the nature reserve Rottum and access to the island is prohibited.

West Frisian Islands
The West Frisian Islands (Dutch: Waddeneilanden, pronounced [ˈʋɑdə(n)ˌɛilɑndə(n)] ⓘ; West Frisian: Waadeilannen) are a chain of islands in the North Sea off the northern Dutch coast, along the edge of the Wadden Sea. They continue further east as the German East Frisian Islands and are part of the Frisian Islands.

From west to east the islands are: Noorderhaaks, Texel, Vlieland, Richel, Griend, Terschelling, Ameland, Rif, Engelsmanplaat, Schiermonnikoog, Simonszand, Rottumerplaat, Rottumeroog, and Zuiderduintjes.

The Frisian Islands are nowadays mostly famous as a holiday destination. Island hopping is possible by regular ferries from the mainland and by specialised tour operators. Cycling is the most favourable means of transport on most of the islands. On Vlieland and Schiermonnikoog cars are allowed only for regular inhabitants.
Blackstone Park Conservation District
41°49′58″N 71°22′46″W﻿ / ﻿41.832826°N 71.379334°W﻿ / 41.832826; -71.379334

The Blackstone Park Conservation District is a public, 45-acre woodland conservation area on the East Side of Providence, Rhode Island. It is run by the non-profit Blackstone Parks Conservancy in partnership with the Providence Parks Department. The park is situated on the west bank of the tidal Seekonk River, the northernmost part of Narragansett Bay tidewater. The park lies within the watershed and wildlife corridor of the Blackstone River Valley. Unlike many city parks, it is actively managed as a preserve for the purpose of providing habitats for wildlife and supporting a healthy ecosystem for native flora and fauna.

Seekonk River
The Seekonk River is a tidal extension of the Providence River in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. It flows approximately 5 km (3 mi). The name may be derived from an Algonquian word for skunk or for black goose. The river is home to the Brown University men's rowing team, India Point Park, Blackstone Park Conservation District, Crook Point Bascule Bridge, Narragansett Boat Club (the oldest rowing club in the country), Swan Point Cemetery, and the Bucklin Point waste-water treatment facility. The River is listed by the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management as an impaired waterway.
Neukom Vivarium
Neukom Vivarium is a 2006 mixed media installation by American artist Mark Dion, located at Olympic Sculpture Park in Seattle, Washington, United States. The work features a 60-foot (18 m) Western hemlock that fell outside of Seattle in 1996, acting as a nurse log within an 80-foot (24 m) greenhouse. According to the Seattle Art Museum, which operates the park, the tree "inhabits an art system" consisting of bacteria, fungi, insects, lichen and plants. The installation supplies magnifying glasses to visitors wanting a closer inspection; they are provided field guides in the form of tiles.

The installation was donated by Bill and Sally Neukom, American Express Company, Seattle Garden Club, Mark Torrance Foundation and Committee of 33, in honor of the Seattle Art Museum's 75th anniversary. It was Dion's first permanent public work of art in the United States. The architect for the structure was Owen Richards Architects.

Olympic Sculpture Park
The Olympic Sculpture Park, created and operated by the Seattle Art Museum (SAM), is a public park with modern and contemporary sculpture in downtown Seattle, Washington, United States. The park, which opened January 20, 2007, consists of a 9-acre (36,000 m2) outdoor sculpture museum, an indoor pavilion, and a beach on Puget Sound.   It is situated in Belltown at the northern end of the Central Waterfront and the southern end of Myrtle Edwards Park.

The Olympic Sculpture Park is a free-admission outdoor sculpture park with both permanent outdoor sculpture, temporary works, and site-specific installations. The Seattle Art Museum regularly rotates a major artwork at the Olympic Sculpture Park, including installations by Victoria Haven from 2016 to 2017, Spencer Finch from 2017 to 2019, and Regina Silveira from 2019 to 2020.
Automobile handling
Automobile handling and vehicle handling are descriptions of the way a wheeled vehicle responds and reacts to the inputs of a driver, as well as how it moves along a track or road. It is commonly judged by how a vehicle performs particularly during cornering, acceleration, and braking as well as on the vehicle's directional stability when moving in steady state condition.

In the automotive industry, handling and braking are the major components of a vehicle's "active" safety. They also affect its ability to perform in auto racing. The maximum lateral acceleration is, along with braking, regarded as a vehicle’s road holding ability. Automobiles driven on public roads whose engineering requirements emphasize handling over comfort and passenger space are called  sports cars.

Sports car
A sports car is a type of automobile that is designed with an emphasis on dynamic performance, such as handling, acceleration, top speed, the thrill of driving, and racing capability. Sports cars originated in Europe in the early 1910s and are currently produced by many manufacturers around the world.
Sepotuba River
The Sepotuba River is a river in the state of Mato Grosso in western Brazil. It flows through the mountainous Serra do Tapirapuã region and is a tributary of the Paraguay River.

The Sepotuba River's drainage basin is an area of over 984,000 hectares (2,430,000 acres) or 9,840 km2 (3,800 sq mi), representing about 1% of the total area of the state of Mato Grosso.

Serra do Tapirapuã
Serra do Tapirapuã (alternatively called Serra de Tapirapuan or Serra do Tapiropoan) is a mountainous region in Mato Grosso, Brazil. It is situated between the municipalities of Tangará da Serra and Nova Olímpia, extending 307 kilometers. It is the site of the Sepotuba River and is the home of the Paresi indigenous group.
Prime ideal
In algebra, a prime ideal is a subset of a ring that shares many important properties of a prime number in the ring of integers. The prime ideals for the integers are the sets that contain all the multiples of a given prime number, together with the zero ideal.

Primitive ideals are prime, and prime ideals are both primary and semiprime.

Primitive ideal
In mathematics, specifically ring theory, a left primitive ideal is the annihilator of a (nonzero) simple left module. A right primitive ideal is defined similarly. Left and right primitive ideals are always two-sided ideals.

Primitive ideals are prime. The quotient of a ring by a left primitive ideal is a left primitive ring. For commutative rings the primitive ideals are maximal, and so commutative primitive rings are all fields.
Achankovil
Achankovil is a 128 km (80 mi) long west flowing river in Kerala, India. It flows through the districts of Kollam, Pathanamthitta and Alappuzha. The river drains vast tract of fertile plains of Upper Kuttanad in the Alappuzha and Pathanamthitta districts. It also sustains numerous urban settlements along its course such as Konni, Pathanamthitta, Pandalam and Mavelikkara.

Pathanamthitta district
Pathanamthitta district (IPA: [pɐt̪ːɐnɐn̪d̪iʈːɐ]), is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala. The district headquarters is in the town of Pathanamthitta. There are four municipalities in Pathanamthitta: Adoor, Pandalam, Pathanamthitta and Thiruvalla.  and  Major Towns of Konni, Kozhanchery, Ranni, and Mallappalli.

According to the 2011 Census of India, the population was 1,197,412, making it the third least populous district in Kerala (out of 14), after Wayanad and Idukki. Pathanamthitta has been declared the first polio-free district in India. The district is 10.03% urbanised. The district spans 2,652 km², more than half of which is covered by forest.
James Carville
Chester James Carville Jr. (born October 25, 1944) is an American political consultant, author and occasional actor who has strategized for candidates for public office in the United States and in at least 23 nations abroad. A Democrat, he is a pundit in U.S. elections who appears frequently on cable news programs, podcasts, and public speeches.

Nicknamed the "Ragin' Cajun", Carville gained national attention for his work as a lead strategist in Bill Clinton's winning 1992 presidential campaign. Carville also had a principal role crafting strategy for three unsuccessful Democratic Party presidential contenders, including Massachusetts senator John Kerry in 2004, New York Senator Hillary Clinton in 2008, and Colorado senator Michael Bennet in 2020. He is married to longtime Republican political consultant Mary Matalin.

Stan Greenberg
Stanley Bernard Greenberg (born May 10, 1945) is an American pollster and political strategist affiliated with the Democratic Party. Greenberg is a founding partner of Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research (GQR) and Democracy Corps, political consulting and research firms headquartered in Washington, D.C.

Greenberg's work was crucial in electing Bill Clinton as President of the United States, Tony Blair as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and Isaac Herzog as President of Israel. As an anti-racist activist, Greenberg has written extensively about race relations in South Africa, and assisted Nelson Mandela's successful campaign in the 1994 South African general election.
2018–19 Estonian Cup
The  2018–19 Estonian Cup was the 29th season of the Estonian main domestic football knockout tournament. Narva Trans won their second title after defeating Nõmme Kalju in the final and qualified for the first qualifying round of the UEFA Europa League.

JK Narva Trans
Jalgpalliklubi Narva Trans, commonly known as Narva Trans or simply Trans, is an Estonian professional football club based in Narva that competes in the Meistriliiga, the top flight of Estonian football. Although the club's traditional home ground is Kreenholm Stadium, they currently play their home matches at Kalev-Fama Stadium.

The club was founded as Avtomobilist in 1979, changed their name to Autobaas in 1989 and Narva Trans in 1992. Narva Trans were one of the founding members of the Meistriliiga and are one of two clubs which have never been relegated from the Estonian top division since its inception in 1992, along with Flora. Narva Trans have won three Estonian Cups and two Estonian Supercups.
Cyclone Julia
Cyclone Julia brought heavy flooding and hurricane conditions to parts of Europe, the Mediterranean region, and North Africa in February 2012. Julia originated from an extratropical system that split off from its parent storm, in the western Mediterranean Sea on February 2. Despite the unfavorable conditions in the Mediterranean Sea, Julia strengthened, with winds peaking at 61 mph (98 km/h), and a minimum pressure of 982 mbar (29.0 inHg) on February 6. On February 7, the storm made landfall on the Peloponnesian Peninsula, and eventually dissipated over Turkey. Cyclone Julia caused at least $6.4 million (2012 USD) in damages, and resulted in at least 12 deaths. The storm also worsened the effects of the Early 2012 European cold wave across Europe and North Africa.

Early 2012 European cold wave
A deadly cold wave started in Europe on January 27, 2012, and brought snow and freezing temperatures to much of the continent. There were more than 824 reported deaths in both Europe and North Africa. Particularly low temperatures hit several Eastern and Northern European countries, reaching as low as −42.7 °C (−44.9 °F) in Finland. The heaviest snow was recorded in the Balkan region. The cold weather was a result of an extensive area of very high pressure located over the north east of the continent in northern Russia, which circulated cold air from the east.
Basnig
Basnig or balasnig are lift nets (salambaw) operated by a large outrigger boat called Basnigan. They use a large bag net suspended directly below or beside the ship. This net is attached to multiple temporary booms projecting from the ship's outriggers and detachable auxiliary masts. Modern basnig typically use generators and electric lights to attract fish and squid. This method is unique to the Philippines. It is common in the Visayas, particularly in the provinces of Capiz and Iloilo.

Salambáw
Salambáw (Spanish: salambáo or sarambáo), is a type of lift net used by indigenous fishermen in the Philippines. They are found throughout the Philippine islands but are most prevalent in large lakes like Laguna de Bay, and sheltered coastal areas like Manila Bay, Ragay Gulf, and Batan Bay. Variations of salambáw lift nets include the bintol (used for catching crabs), panak (used for catching chambered nautilus), tangkal (a stationary lift net operated at night), and the basnig (a deep-water lift net operated from outrigger canoes). Salambáw rafts were also known as saraboa or salakab.