hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael Mauti
Michael D. Mauti (born January 19, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions, and was selected by the Minnesota Vikings in the seventh round of the 2013 NFL draft. He also played for the New Orleans Saints.

Penn State Nittany Lions football
The Penn State Nittany Lions team represents the Pennsylvania State University in college football. The Nittany Lions compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) as a member of the Big Ten Conference, which they joined in 1993 after playing as an Independent from 1892 to 1992.

Established in 1887, the Nittany Lions have achieved numerous on-field successes, including two consensus national championships in 1982 and 1986; four Big Ten Conference championships in 1994, 2005, 2008 and 2016; 13 undefeated seasons in 1887, 1894, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1920, 1921, 1947, 1968, 1969, 1973, 1986 and 1994; and 53 appearances in college bowl games, with an all-time post-season bowl record of 32–20–2. The team ranks seventh among NCAA Division I college football programs in all-time total wins.

The Nittany Lions play their home games at Beaver Stadium, located on campus in University Park, Pennsylvania.
Mallows's Cp
In statistics, Mallows's , named for Colin Lingwood Mallows, is used to assess the fit of a regression model that has been estimated using ordinary least squares. It is applied in the context of model selection, where a number of predictor variables are available for predicting some outcome, and the goal is to find the best model involving a subset of these predictors. A small value of  means that the model is relatively precise.

Mallows's  is 'essentially equivalent' to the Akaike information criterion in the case of linear regression. This equivalence is only asymptotic; Akaike notes that  requires some subjective judgment in the choice of the variance estimate associated with each response in the linear model (typically denoted as ).

Goodness of fit
The goodness of fit of a statistical model describes how well it fits a set of observations. Measures of goodness of fit typically summarize the discrepancy between observed values and the values expected under the model in question. Such measures can be used in statistical hypothesis testing, e.g. to test for normality of residuals, to test whether two samples are drawn from identical distributions  (see Kolmogorov–Smirnov test), or whether outcome frequencies follow a specified distribution (see Pearson's chi-square test).  In the analysis of variance, one of the components into which the variance is partitioned may be a lack-of-fit sum of squares.
Battle of Batin
The Battle of Batin (Russian: Батинская битва) took place on 9 September 1810 near the small town of Batin, north Bulgaria during the Russo-Turkish War of 1806 to 1812. The conflict involved an attack by Russian forces on a defensive position held by a numerically stronger Ottoman force. The outcome was a Russian victory which enabled their ongoing Balkan campaign to proceed unhindered.

In this battle, the Russians were led by Nikolay Mikhailovich Kamensky, who by this time had already gained a lot of high command experience by achieving several successes over the Swedish army in the Finnish War. The Ottoman troops were led by Seraskier of Sofia.

Nikolay Kamensky
Count Nikolay Mikhailovich Kamensky (Russian: Николай Михайлович Каменский; 27 December 1776 – 4 May 1811) was a Russian general, younger son of Field Marshal Count Mikhail Fedotovich Kamensky and his wife, Princess Anna Pavlovna Shcherbatova (1749-1826).
Media.net
Media.net is a contextual advertising network. On August 21, 2016, Miteno Communication Technology (also known as Shuzhi.AI), a Chinese consortium, acquired Media.net for US$900 million.

By revenue, Media.net is the second-largest contextual advertising network in the world. The company has over 800 employees across North America, Asia, and Europe. It has its headquarters in New York and its global headquarters in Dubai.

Contextual advertising
Contextual advertising (also called contextual targeting) is a form of targeted digital advertising. Contextual advertising is also called "In-Text" advertising or "In-Context" technology. Contextual targeting involves the use of linguistic factors to control the placement of advertising material. The advertisements are selected and delivered by automated systems, taking into consideration the context of a user's search or browsing behavior.

As advertisers and marketers increasingly prioritize brand safety and suitability, contextual advertising has emerged as a crucial aspect of safeguarding brand reputation and value. Contextual ads are commonly perceived as less irritating than traditional advertising, therefore influencing users more effectively. It reflects user interests, thus increasing the chance of receiving a response.
Heinz Heydrich
Heinz Siegfried Heydrich (29 September 1905 – 19 November 1944) was the son of Richard Bruno Heydrich and the younger brother of SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich. After the death of his brother in June 1942, he helped a number of Jews escape the Holocaust.

Richard Bruno Heydrich
Richard Bruno Heydrich (23 February 1865 – 24 August 1938) was a German opera singer (tenor), composer, and founder of the Halle Conservatory. A talented musician since childhood, Heydrich would find great success as a musical teacher, through the Halle Conservatory, which he ran with his wife, Elisabeth. He was the father of high-ranking Nazi official Reinhard Heydrich, who was the principal architect of the Holocaust.
X̅ and s chart
In statistical quality control, the  and s chart is a type of control chart used to monitor variables data when samples are collected at regular intervals from a business or industrial process.  This is connected to traditional statistical quality control (SQC) and statistical process control (SPC). However, Woodall noted that "I believe that the use of control charts and other monitoring methods should be referred to as “statistical process monitoring,” not “statistical process control (SPC).”"

Shewhart individuals control chart
In statistical quality control, the individual/moving-range chart is a type of control chart used to monitor variables data from a business or industrial process for which it is impractical to use rational subgroups.

The chart is necessary in the following situations:: 231

Where automation allows inspection of each unit, so rational subgrouping has less benefit.

Where production is slow so that waiting for enough samples to make a rational subgroup unacceptably delays monitoring

For processes that produce homogeneous batches (e.g., chemical) where repeat measurements vary primarily because of measurement error

The "chart" actually consists of a pair of charts:  one, the individuals chart, displays the individual measured values; the other, the moving range chart, displays the difference from one point to the next. As with other control charts, these two charts enable the user to monitor a process for shifts in the process that alter the mean or variance of the measured statistic.
Lions cricket team (South Africa)
The Lions cricket team is a professional cricket team based at Johannesburg in South Africa. The home venue is the Wanderers Stadium.

The team plays in the CSA 4-Day Series first class cricket competition as well as in the CSA One-Day Cup, and CSA T20 Challenge limited over competitions.

CSA 4-Day Domestic Series
The CSA 4-Day Domestic Series is the domestic first class cricket competition of South Africa. The tournament is contested by teams from all nine provinces of South Africa.

First contested as the Currie Cup from 1889–90, the tournament has undergone many changes and modifications in its history. In 2004, the traditional province-based format was replaced, with many teams amalgamating. In its place, six entirely professional franchises were created that represented much larger population areas.

The competition underwent significant restructuring once again before the start of the 2021–22 season. The six-team franchise system was disbanded, and the tournament returned to its more traditional format. Fifteen province-based teams now compete across two divisions, determined by promotion and relegation.
We Are Paintermen
We Are Paintermen is the debut studio album by British rock band the Creation, initially released through Hit-Ton records in West Germany and Sonet Records in Denmark in June 1967. The album acts as a compilation album, containing virtually all their recorded material, from "Making Time" in 1966 to "If I Stay Too Long", which was released as a single in West Germany the same month. It also marks the gap between lead vocalists, whereas the earlier material feature Kenny Pickett on vocals, while the later feature Bob Garner, their previous bassist, on vocals.

The album was the only one issued during the group's original tenure, and was their only release for 29 years until Power Surge was released in 1996. Upon release, the album was largely ignored, though it retrospectively received acclaim and praise. Since release, the album has been re-issued multiple times, most notably by Numero Group in 2018.

The Creation (band)
The Creation are an English rock band, formed in 1966. Their best-known songs are "Making Time", which was one of the first rock songs to feature a guitar played with a bow, and "Painter Man", which made the top 40 on the UK Singles Chart in late 1966, and reached No. 8 on the German chart in April 1967. It was covered by Boney M in 1979, and reached the No. 10 position on the UK chart.  "Making Time" was used in the film Rushmore, and as the theme song from season 2 onwards of The Great Pottery Throw Down.

Creation biographer Sean Egan defined their style as "a unique hybrid of pop, rock, psychedelia and the avant garde."
Alastair Patterson
Alastair Patterson (born 14 December 1972) is a Northern Irish unionist politician who was an Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Fermanagh and South Tyrone between January and May 2016.

Patterson defected to the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) in June 2016, a month after losing his seat in that year's Assembly election.

2016 Northern Ireland Assembly election
The 2016 Northern Ireland Assembly election was held on Thursday, 5 May 2016. It was the fifth election to take place since the devolved assembly was established in 1998. 1,281,595 individuals were registered to vote in the election (representing an increase of 5.9% compared to the previous Assembly election). Turnout in the 2016 Assembly election was 703,744 (54.9%), a decline of less than one percentage point from the previous Assembly Election in 2011, but down 15 percentage points from the first election to the Assembly held in 1998.

As in the 2007 and 2011 elections, the Democratic Unionist Party and Sinn Féin won the most seats, with the DUP winning 38 and Sinn Féin winning 28 of the available 108 seats. The Ulster Unionist Party won 16 seats, the Social Democratic and Labour Party 12 and the Alliance 8, while two seats were won by the Green Party and People Before Profit. The Traditional Unionist Voice and an independent candidate each won one seat.
Shangri-La, Yunnan
Shangri-La (Chinese: 香格里拉; pinyin: Xiānggélǐlā; Tibetan: སེམས་ཀྱི་ཉི་ཟླ།) is a county-level city in northwestern Yunnan province, China, named after Shangri-La, the mythical land depicted in the 1933 novel Lost Horizon. It is the capital and largest city of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. It is bordered by the city of Lijiang to the south and Sichuan province to the northwest, north, and east.

Lost Horizon
Lost Horizon is a 1933 novel by the English writer James Hilton. The book was adapted into a film, also called Lost Horizon, in 1937 by director Frank Capra; and a musical film remake in 1973 by producer Ross Hunter with music by Burt Bacharach. It is the origin of Shangri-La, a fictional utopian lamasery located high in the mountains of Tibet.

The novel has a frame story set in Berlin, where a neurologist obtains a manuscript which records the narrative of a British diplomat who had disappeared in China. The main narrative depicted in the manuscript starts in May 1931 within the British Raj. There is a revolution in the country and several people are evacuated. A number of them are transported in a maharaja's aircraft, but the plane is hijacked. After a crash landing, the four surviving passengers are guided to Shangri-La in the Kuen-Lun mountain range.
Colyford
Colyford is a village and civil parish in the East Devon district, in the county of Devon, England. It is situated midway between Lyme Regis and Sidmouth on the A3052 road. To the north the village borders the town Colyton. To the south is the seaside resort town Seaton, separated from Colyford by the Seaton Wetlands, a series of nature reserves flanking the estuary of the River Axe. Colyford lies on the River Coly, which flows into the River Axe immediately to the east of the village.

Colyford was formerly an ancient borough. It was formerly in the civil parish of Colyton, on 1 April 2023 it became a civil parish in its own right.

Seaton, Devon
Seaton (/ˈsiːtən/) is a seaside town, fishing harbour and civil parish in East Devon on the south coast of England, between Axmouth (to the east) and Beer (to the west). It faces onto Lyme Bay and is on the Jurassic Coast, a World Heritage Site. A sea wall provides access to the mostly shingle beach stretching for about a mile, and a small harbour on the River Axe estuary.

The population of Seaton parish at the 2011 census was 8,413, whilst the Seaton and Beer Urban Area (which includes Colyton) had an estimated population of 12,815 in 2012. There are 3,300 homes in the parish, of which approximately one third are of single-person occupancy. The majority of those persons are of pensionable age.
Kimo Wilder McVay
James “Kimo” Wilder McVay (September 16, 1927 – June 29, 2001) was an American musician turned talent manager, who successfully promoted Hawaiian entertainment acts. McVay promoted and managed acts such as teenage heartthrob Robin Luke, Don Ho, New Zealand singer John Rowles, comic Andy Bumatai, Keolo and Kapono Beamer, ventriloquist Freddie Morris, magician John Hirokawa and many others.

Don Ho
Donald Tai Loy Ho (simplified Chinese: 何大来; traditional Chinese: 何大來; pinyin: Hé Dàlái; August 13, 1930 – April 14, 2007) was an American traditional pop musician, singer, and entertainer. He is best known for the song "Tiny Bubbles" from the 1966 album of the same name.
Brittany Miller (softball)
Brittany Miller (born July 21, 1987) is an American college softball coach and former pitcher who is the current head coach at Texas A&M–Commerce.  Prior to her position at Texas A&M–Commerce, she served as assistant coach for two seasons at Texas Tech. Prior to that, she was an assistant coach at Loyola Marymount for four seasons. Before her Loyola Marymount years, she was an assistant coach at Iowa State. She began her coaching career at North Dakota State, first as a graduate assistant for two years and an assistant coach for one year.

East Texas A&M Lions softball
For information on all East Texas A&M sports, see East Texas A&M Lions

The East Texas A&M Lions softball (formerly the Texas A&M–Commerce Lions) team is the intercollegiate softball program representing East Texas A&M University. The school competes in the Southland Conference in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). For their first eight years of existence, they competed  in the Lone Star Conference (LSC) in Division II. The East Texas A&M softball team plays its home games at John Cain Family Softball Complex on the university campus in Commerce, Texas. The team is currently coached by Brittany Miller.
Simon Marlow
Simon Marlow is a British computer scientist, programmer, author, and co-developer of the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC) for the programming language Haskell. He and Simon Peyton Jones won the SIGPLAN Programming Languages Software Award in 2011 for their work on GHC. Marlow's book Parallel and Concurrent Programming in Haskell was published in July 2013.

Formerly of Microsoft Research, Marlow has worked at Facebook since March 2013. The "noted Haskell guru" is part of the team behind Facebook's open source Haxl project, a Haskell library that simplifies access to remote data.

Simon Peyton Jones
Simon Peyton Jones (born 18 January 1958) is a British computer scientist who researches the implementation and applications of functional programming languages, particularly lazy functional programming.
Jacobs Well, Queensland
Jacobs Well is a coastal suburb in the City of Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Jacobs Well had a population of 2,882 people.

Jacob Wells is positioned on the delta of the Pimpama River at the southern end of Moreton Bay. It is best known for its four-lane boat ramp, Volunteer Marine Rescue facility and the surrounding sugarcane fields.

City of Gold Coast
The City of Gold Coast is the local government area spanning the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and surrounding areas. It is on the central eastern coast of Australia adjoining the Pacific Ocean. With a population of 606,774, it is the second most populous local government area in the state of Queensland (Brisbane being the largest). Its council maintains a staff of over 2,500. The council was established in 1948, and has existed in its present form since 2008. The City of Gold Coast borders New South Wales and Tweed Shire to the south, Scenic Rim to the west, and Logan and Redland to the northwest and north, respectively.
Ekatarina Velika
Ekatarina Velika (Serbian Cyrillic: Екатарина Велика, lit. 'Catherine the Great'), sometimes referred to as EKV (Serbian Cyrillic: ЕКВ) for short, was a Serbian and Yugoslav rock band from Belgrade, and was one of the most successful and influential Yugoslav music acts.

Initially called Katarina II (Serbian Cyrillic: Катарина II, lit. 'Catherine II'), the band had built up a devoted following that greatly intensified and expanded after the death of its frontman Milan Mladenović in 1994, which caused the band to dissolve. The group's core consisted of singer and guitarist Milan Mladenović, keyboardist Margita Stefanović and bassist Bojan Pečar, with other members mostly remaining for comparatively shorter periods.

Električni Orgazam
Električni Orgazam (Serbian Cyrillic: Електрични Оргазам, lit. 'Electric Orgasm') is a Serbian rock band from Belgrade. Originally starting as a combination of new wave, punk rock and post-punk, the band later slowly changed their style, becoming a mainstream rock act. They were one of the most notable acts of the former Yugoslav rock scene.
Amistad, Texas
Amistad is a census-designated place (CDP) in Val Verde County, Texas, United States. The population was 53 at the 2010 census. This CDP was formed prior to the 2010 census from parts of the deleted Box Canyon-Amistad CDP.

Box Canyon-Amistad, Texas
Box Canyon-Amistad was a census-designated place (CDP) in Val Verde County, Texas, United States. The population was 76 at the 2000 census. For the 2010 census, the area was delineated as two separate CDPs, Amistad and Box Canyon.
The Last Remake of Beau Geste
The Last Remake of Beau Geste is a 1977 British historical comedy film directed by, co-written by and starring Marty Feldman.  It is a satire loosely based on the 1924 novel Beau Geste, a frequently filmed story of brothers and their adventures in the French Foreign Legion. The humor is based heavily upon wordplay and absurdity. Feldman plays Digby Geste, the awkward and clumsy "identical twin" brother of Michael York's Beau, the dignified, aristocratic swashbuckler.

It was the feature film directorial debut of Feldman. He subsequently went on to direct In God We Tru$t (1980).

In God We Trust (1980 film)
In God We Trust (stylized as In God We Tru$t; a.k.a. In God We Trust (or Gimme That Prime Time Religion)) is a 1980 American comedy film starring Marty Feldman, Andy Kaufman, Louise Lasser and Peter Boyle.  Intended as a biting religious satire, it was also produced, directed and co-written by Feldman, his second directorial outing following The Last Remake of Beau Geste, and his final before his death in 1982.
Siege of Thessalonica (617)
The siege of Thessalonica in 617 or 618 was an unsuccessful siege of the city of Thessalonica, the major Byzantine stronghold in the region, by the Avars and the Slavic tribes (Sclaveni) who had settled in the city's vicinity. The attack was the last and best-organized attempt by the Avars to take the city. It lasted 33 days and involved the use of siege engines, but in the end failed. The main source for these events are the Miracles of Saint Demetrius, named after Thessalonica's patron saint, Saint Demetrius.

Miracles of Saint Demetrius
The Miracles of Saint Demetrius (Latin: Miracula Sancti Demetrii) is a 7th-century collection of homilies, written in Greek, accounting the miracles performed by the patron saint of Thessalonica, Saint Demetrius. It is a unique work for the history of the city and the Balkans in general, especially in relation to the Slavic invasions of the late 6th and 7th centuries, which are otherwise neglected by contemporary sources.
Italian Basketball Hall of Fame
The Italian Basketball Hall of Fame (Italian: Italia Basket Hall of Fame, IBHOF) is a hall of fame that honours individuals (or whole teams) that have contributed to the spread and improvement of Italian basketball, through their sporting contributions, their behaviour and their actions in support of the game in Italy.

The Italian Basketball Federation has inducted a class every year since 2007 (counting for the previous year) with an official ceremony that crowns athletes (male and female), coaches, referees or other figureheads who have contributed to Italian basketball, with a maximum of seven inductees per year (teams exempted). 
Those also in the Naismith Hall of Fame or the FIBA Hall of Fame are not limited in number, in addition, two individuals who are deceased at most can also be inducted in memoriam yearly.

Italian Basketball Federation
The Italian Basketball Federation (Italian: Federazione Italiana Pallacanestro; FIP) is the governing body of basketball in Italy. It is based in Rome.

It organises national competitions in Italy and the Italian basketball leagues, which operate the country's two professional leagues, Lega Basket Serie A (LBA) and Serie A2 Basket.

It is also responsible for appointing the management of the Italian national basketball team (men's) and women's. But also youth men's (under-19 and under-17), women's (under-19 and under-17), 3x3 men's and women's basketball teams.

It is a member of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) as one of the founding member, and has one of the world's longest basketball traditions.
Christoph Blocher
Christoph Wolfram Blocher (German pronunciation: [ˈkrɪ⁠stɔ⁠f ˈblɔ⁠⁠xər]; born 11 October 1940) is a Swiss industrialist and politician who served as a Member of the Swiss Federal Council from 2004 to 2007. A member of the Swiss People's Party (SVP/UDC), he headed the Federal Department of Justice and Police. As an industrialist, he became wealthy as CEO and majority shareholder in the EMS-Chemie corporation, now run by his daughter, Magdalena Martullo-Blocher.

A controversial figure, Blocher is known for his role in transforming Swiss politics, shifting it to the right, as well as the Swiss People's Party, which has become "the dominant force in national politics". As he "developed a eurosceptic and anti-immigration agenda that has shaken up the cozy post-war consensual system prevailing in neutral Switzerland", Blocher served as the de facto leader of the SVP and a symbol of the party, holding its vice presidency from 2008 until 2018.

Ruth Metzler
Ruth Metzler (née Arnold, 23 May 1964) is a Swiss politician who served as a Member of the Swiss Federal Council from 1999 to 2003. A member of the Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP/PDC), she headed the Federal Department of Justice and Police.