hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ministry of Tourism (Mauritius)
The Ministry of Tourism is a ministry in the government of Mauritius responsible for planning and adopting policies and legislation in relation to tourism within Mauritius. The ministry, which oversees an integral part of the Mauritian economy, also ensures and implements standards within the tourism sector with focus on sustainable development.

The tourism portfolio has existed since 1968 under the foreign ministry as External Affairs, Tourism and Emigration. However, it was not until 1991 that the tourism portfolio was given its own separate ministry, independent from others, which continues to this day. Richard Duval is the incumbent minister of tourism, having been appointed on 22 November 2024. The junior minister, Sydney Pierre, was also appointed on the same day with responsibility to assist the minister.

Tourism in Mauritius
Tourism in Mauritius is an important component of the Mauritian economy as well as a significant source of its foreign exchange revenues.  The tourism industry is also a major economic pillar on the island of Rodrigues; however, tourism has not been developed in Agaléga Islands. Mauritius is mostly appreciated by tourists for its natural environment and man-made attractions, the multi-ethnic and cultural diversity of the population, the tropical climate, beaches and water sports. Sea level rise and coral bleaching due to climate change threatens the Mauritian tourism sector.
Complex conjugate root theorem
In mathematics, the complex conjugate root theorem states that if P is a polynomial in one variable with real coefficients, and a + bi is a root of P with a and b being real numbers, then its complex conjugate a − bi is also a root of P.

It follows from this (and the fundamental theorem of algebra) that, if the degree of a real polynomial is odd, it must have at least one real root.  That fact can also be proved by using the intermediate value theorem.

Fundamental theorem of algebra
The fundamental theorem of algebra, also called d'Alembert's theorem or the d'Alembert–Gauss theorem, states that every non-constant single-variable polynomial with complex coefficients has at least one complex root. This includes polynomials with real coefficients, since every real number is a complex number with its imaginary part equal to zero.

Equivalently (by definition), the theorem states that the field of complex numbers is algebraically closed.

The theorem is also stated as follows: every non-zero, single-variable, degree n polynomial with complex coefficients has, counted with multiplicity, exactly n complex roots. The equivalence of the two statements can be proven through the use of successive polynomial division.

Despite its name, it is not fundamental for modern algebra; it was named when algebra was synonymous with the theory of equations. Additionally, the theorem cannot be proven in Algebra;  higher-level mathematics is required to prove the theorem.
Wadō-ryū
Wadō-ryū (和道流) is one of the four major karate styles and was founded by Hironori Ōtsuka (1892–1982). Ōtsuka was a Menkyo Kaiden licensed Shindō Yōshin-ryū practitioner of Tatsusaburo Nakayama and a student of Yōshin-ryū prior to meeting the Okinawan karate master Gichin Funakoshi. After having learned from Funakoshi, and after their split, with Okinawan masters such as Kenwa Mabuni and Motobu Chōki, Ōtsuka merged Shindō Yōshin-ryū with Okinawan karate. The result of Ōtsuka's efforts is Wadō-ryū Karate.

As such, Wadō-ryū places emphasis on not only striking, but tai sabaki, joint locks and throws. It has its origins within Shindō Yōshin-ryū jujitsu, as well as Shotokan, Tomari-te and Shito-Ryu karate.: 40 
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Okinawan martial arts
Okinawan martial arts refers to the martial arts, such as karate, tegumi and kobudō, which originated among the indigenous people of Okinawa Island. Due to its location (between "Mainland Japan" and Taiwan), Okinawa was influenced by various cultures with a long history of trade and cultural exchange, including Japan, China and Southeast Asia, that greatly influenced the development of martial arts on Okinawa.
1977 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 1977 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championship for track cycling. They took place in San Cristóbal, Venezuela in 1977. Twelve events were contested, 10 for men (3 for professionals, 7 for amateurs) and 2 for women.

In the same period, the 1977 UCI Road World Championships were also organized in San Cristóbal.

1977 UCI Road World Championships
The 1977 UCI Road World Championships took place on 27 August 1977 in San Cristóbal, Venezuela. The championships were held in South America for the first time.

In the same period, the 1977 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were also organized in San Cristóbal.
Cambrian Archaeological Association
The Cambrian Archaeological Association (Welsh: Cymdeithas Hynafiaethau Cymru) was founded in 1846 to examine, preserve and illustrate the ancient monuments and remains of the history, language, manners, customs, arts and industries of Wales and the Welsh Marches and to educate the public in such matters.  The association's activities include sponsoring lectures, field visits, and study tours; as well as publishing its journal, Archaeologia Cambrensis, and monographs.  It also provides grants to support research and publications.

Archaeologia Cambrensis
Archaeologia Cambrensis is a Welsh archaeological and historical scholarly journal published annually by the Cambrian Archaeological Association. It contains historical essays, excavation reports, and book reviews, as well as society notes and accounts of field visits. The journal has included "much valuable material on the manuscripts, genealogy, heraldry, toponymy, folklore and literature of Wales".
Introducing... Mari Hamada
Introducing... Mari Hamada is the first international release by Japanese singer/songwriter Mari Hamada, released on May 30, 1993, in Asia and January 24, 1994, in Europe by MCA Records. The album was co-produced by Marc Tanner, best known for producing Nelson's debut album After the Rain. Some of the English songs are reworked versions of Hamada's hit singles from previous Japanese releases. Both releases differ wherein the Asian release contains English and Japanese songs, while the European release is all-English. The additional English songs on the European version were compiled in a second Asian release titled All My Heart on August 4, 1994.

In Japan, selected songs from this album were released in Hamada's 1993 CD Anti-Heroine and the 2003 compilation Inclination II.

To promote the album, music videos were made for the songs "Hold On (One More Time)" and "I Have a Story to Tell".

All My Heart
All My Heart is the second international release by Japanese singer/songwriter Mari Hamada, released on August 4, 1994, in Asia by MCA Records. The album includes a duet version of "Fixing a Broken Heart" with Indecent Obsession. Some of the English songs are reworked versions of Hamada's hit singles from previous Japanese releases; in addition; some tracks were previously included on the European release of the 1993 album Introducing... Mari Hamada.

In Japan, selected songs from this album were released on Hamada's 2003 compilation Inclination II.
Fandral
Fandral the Dashing is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is a charter member of the Warriors Three, a trio of Asgardian adventurers consisting of Fandral, Hogun the Grim, and Volstagg the Valiant. They are members of the supporting cast in Thor comics and usually provide comic relief and side-adventures.

In the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Fandral was portrayed by Josh Dallas in Thor (2011) and by Zachary Levi in Thor: The Dark World (2013) and Thor: Ragnarok (2017). Additionally, Chris Cox, Benjamin Diskin, Trevor Devall, and Alistair Abell have voiced Fandral in animation.

Warriors Three
The Warriors Three are a group of fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The characters served as supporting cast members in Thor. The Warriors Three are the Asgardians Fandral, Hogun, and Volstagg. Though the characters are gods of Asgard, they are original creations of Marvel Comics and not based on characters from Norse mythology.

The Warriors Three have appeared in various media adaptations of Thor, including the 2011 Marvel Cinematic Universe film Thor, its 2013 sequel Thor: The Dark World, and the 2017 sequel Thor: Ragnarok. They appear as archival footage in Thor: Love and Thunder.
Fairhill, Philadelphia
Fairhill is a neighborhood on the east side of the North Philadelphia section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Fairhill is bordered by Front Street to the east, Germantown Avenue (10th Street) to the west, Allegheny Avenue to the north, and Cumberland Street to the south. The neighborhood serves as the center of the Hispanic community of Philadelphia, and is known for its "El Centro de Oro" commercial strip along North 5th Street. Fairhill is adjacent to Harrowgate and West Kensington to the east, Hartranft to the south, Glenwood to the west, and Hunting Park to the north.

Hunting Park, Philadelphia
Hunting Park is a neighborhood in the North Philadelphia section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

In 2024, the 19140 ZIP code, which roughly consists of Hunting Park and Nicetown–Tioga, has a median home sale price of $113,900.

The Clara Barton School, Alexander K. McClure School, and Bayard Taylor School are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Piero Malacrida de Saint-August
Marchese Piero Luigi Carlo Maria Malacrida de Saint-August (also known as Pier or Peter Malacrida; 1889–22 April 1983) was an Italian aristocrat, playboy and London-based interior designer. The Malacrida family were from Lombardy and a Palazzo Malacrida still exists in Morbegno, Lombardy. The property passed to another family in 1820 and is currently in the hands of the municipality.

Malacrida and his first wife, the poet Nadja Malacrida, were prominent socialites in London in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Piero Malacrida is best known for his interiors at Eltham Palace. Following the death of Nadja in 1934, Malacrida withdrew from public life, although he later remarried.

Nadja Malacrida
Louisa, Marchesa Malacrida de Saint-August (née Louisa Nadia Green, 15 June 1895 – 3 October 1934), known by the pen names Nadja Malacrida and Nadja,  was an English writer, radio broadcaster, racing driver, and socialite. A novelist, playwright, and poet, she published three books of war poetry during the First World War. An Italian aristocrat by marriage, she was a prominent figure of 20th-century London high society.
Manmohan Waris
Manmohan Singh Heer (Manmohan Waris; born 3 August 1967) is a Punjabi folk/pop singer. He is the elder brother of record producer Sangtar and singer Kamal Heer. Waris is considered one of the Most gifted singers of Punjabi folk music.

Kamal Heer
Kamal Heer (born Kamaljeet Singh Heer) is an Indian born Canadian musician. He is the younger brother of both Manmohan Waris and Sangtar, two other esteemed musicians. His live performances showcase his virtuosity with taan and his command of the art of traditional Punjabi music. All three Heer brothers are behind the formulation of Punjabi Virsa shows all over the world. These shows have become internationally famous. Also a talented composer, Kamal Heer has collaborated with his brother Sangtar to write music for their brother Waris.
Dodge Center, Minnesota
Dodge Center is a city in Dodge County, Minnesota, United States. Approximately 15 miles west of Rochester, the population of Dodge Center was 2,844 at the 2020 census. Dodge Center is part of the Rochester, MN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Dodge County, Minnesota
Dodge County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The population was 20,867 as of the 2020 census. Its county seat is Mantorville.

Dodge County is part of the Rochester, MN Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Hunting Hypothesis
The Hunting Hypothesis: A Personal Conclusion Concerning the Evolutionary Nature of Man (commonly known as The Hunting Hypothesis) is a 1976 work of paleoanthropology by Robert Ardrey. It is the final book in his widely read Nature of Man Series, which also includes African Genesis (1961) and The Territorial Imperative (1966).

The work deals with the ramifications of evolutionarily inherited traits in man, particularly those that developed through hunting. It was also one of the earliest books to warn about the possible dangers of climate change.

African Genesis
African Genesis: A Personal Investigation into the Animal Origins and Nature of Man is a 1961 nonfiction work by the American writer Robert Ardrey. It posited the hypothesis that man evolved on the African continent from carnivorous, predatory ancestors who distinguished themselves from apes by the use of weapons. The work bears on questions of human origins, human nature, and human uniqueness. Although some of his ideas were refuted by later science, it was widely read and continues to inspire significant controversy.

African Genesis is the first in Robert Ardrey's Nature of Man Series. It is followed by The Territorial Imperative (1966), The Social Contract (1970), and The Hunting Hypothesis (1976). It was illustrated by Ardrey's wife, the South African actress and illustrator Berdine Ardrey (née Grunewald).
Rivière des Orignaux
The rivière des Orignaux (in English: Mooses River) crosses the municipality of Notre-Dame-Auxiliatrice-de-Buckland, in the Bellechasse Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Quebec, in Canada.

Rivière des Orignaux is a tributary of the southwest bank of the rivière de la Fourche, which flows northward to empty onto the south bank of the rivière du Sud (Montmagny); the latter flows northwest, then northeast to the south shore of the St. Lawrence River.

Rivière de la Fourche
The rivière de la Fourche (in English: river of the Fork) crosses the municipality of Saint-Philémon (MRC Les Etchemins Regional County Municipality), as well as Notre-Dame-Auxiliatrice-de-Buckland and Armagh, in the Bellechasse Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Quebec, in Canada .

The Fourche River is a tributary of the south shore of the rivière du Sud (Montmagny) which flows north-west, then north-east to the south shore of the St. Lawrence River.
ESC/P
ESC/P, short for Epson Standard Code for Printers and sometimes styled Escape/P, is a printer control language developed by Epson to control computer printers. It was mainly used in Epson's dot matrix printers, beginning with the MX-80 in 1980, as well as some of the company's inkjet printers. It is still widely used in many receipt thermal printers. During the era of dot matrix printers, it was also used by other manufacturers (e.g., NEC), sometimes in modified form. At the time, it was a popular mechanism to add formatting to printed text, and was widely supported in software.

Page description language
In digital printing, a page description language (PDL) is a computer language that describes the appearance of a printed page in a higher level than an actual output bitmap (or generally raster graphics). An overlapping term is printer control language, which includes Hewlett-Packard's Printer Command Language (PCL). PostScript is one of the most noted page description languages. The markup language adaptation of the PDL is the page description markup language.

Page description languages are text (human-readable) or binary data streams, usually intermixed with text or graphics to be printed. They are distinct from graphics application programming interfaces (APIs) such as GDI and OpenGL that can be called by software to generate graphical output.
Samson Abramsky
Samson Abramsky (born 12 March 1953) is a British computer scientist who is a Professor of Computer Science at University College London. He was previously the Christopher Strachey Professor of Computing at Wolfson College, Oxford, from 2000 to 2021.

Abramsky's early work included contributions to domain theory and the connections thereof with geometric logic. Since then, his work has covered the lazy lambda calculus, strictness analysis, concurrency theory, interaction categories and geometry of interaction, game semantics and quantum computing. Notably, he co-pioneered categorical quantum mechanics. More recently, he has been applying methods from categorical semantics to finite model theory, with applications to descriptive complexity.

Christopher Strachey
Christopher S. Strachey (/ˈstreɪtʃi/; 16 November 1916 – 18 May 1975) was a British computer scientist. A pioneer of programming language design, he was one of the founders of denotational semantics and computer time-sharing. He has also been credited as possibly the first developer of a video game and for coining terms such as polymorphism and referential transparency that are still widely used by developers. He was a member of the Strachey family, prominent in government, arts, administration, and academia.
Andrew Leung
Andrew Leung Kwan-yuen GBM GBS MBE JP (Chinese: 梁君彥; born 24 February 1951) is a Hong Kong politician who was the President of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong between 2016 and 2025.

He was elected to the legislature representing the Industrial (First) functional constituency before retiring in 2025, and served as the chairman of Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong (BPA), the second largest party in the Legislative Council, from October 2012 to October 2016. During his nine-year presidency, the Legislative Council underwent revamp that saw the pro-democracy opposition removed and barred from being elected following Beijing's imposition of national security law, while the chamber fast-tracked legislations and was slammed for lacking meaningful debates.

Gold Bauhinia Star
The Gold Bauhinia Star (Chinese: 金紫荊星章, GBS) is the highest rank in Order of the Bauhinia Star, under the honours system of Hong Kong, created in 1997 to replace the British honours system after the transfer of sovereignty to the People's Republic of China and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR).

It is awarded to individuals who have given distinguished service to the community or rendered public or voluntary services of a very high degree of merit.
Principality of Anhalt-Plötzkau
Anhalt-Plötzkau was a principality located in Germany. It existed on two occasions. It was first established in 1544 following the partition of Anhalt-Dessau, but the principality ceased to exist following the death of Prince George III in 1553, at which point it was inherited by the prince of Anhalt-Zerbst.

It was reestablished in 1603 with the partition of the unified principality of Anhalt; this time, in order to create a bigger principality, parts of Anhalt-Bernburg were extracted. This second incarnation lasted until 1665, at which point Prince Lebrecht succeeded as Prince of Anhalt-Köthen and Plötzkau returned to the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg.

Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst
Anhalt-Zerbst was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire ruled by the House of Ascania, with its residence at Zerbst in present-day Saxony-Anhalt. It emerged as a subdivision of the Principality of Anhalt from 1252 until 1396, when it was divided into the principalities of Anhalt-Dessau and Anhalt-Köthen. Recreated in 1544, Anhalt-Zerbst finally was partitioned between Anhalt-Dessau, Anhalt-Köthen, and Anhalt-Bernburg in 1796 upon the extinction of the line.
Trebinje
Trebinje (Serbian Cyrillic: Требиње, pronounced [trěːbiɲe]) is a city and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the southernmost city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and is situated on the banks of the Trebišnjica river in the region of East Herzegovina. As of 2013, it has a population of 31,433 inhabitants. The city's old town quarter, the Walled town of Trebinje, dates to the 18th-century Ottoman period and includes the Arslanagić Bridge on the Trebišnjica River, as of recently also known as Perovića Bridge. The city is one of the region’s popular tourist spots

Trebišnjica
The Trebišnjica (Serbian Cyrillic: Требишњица) is a river in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the right tributary of the Neretva. Before it was utilized for hydro exploitation via various hydrotechnical interventions and systems with different purposes, Trebišnjica used to be a sinking river, rising and sinking through its course before resurfacing at various places from the Neretva river below the Čapljina to the Adriatic coast, and along the coast from the Neretva Delta to Sutorina.

With a total length of 96.5 km (60.0 mi) above the ground, and roughly another 90 km (56 mi) below the surface, the Trebšnjica river is one of the longest sinking rivers in the world with the total of 187 km (116 mi) above and under the ground. In hydrological terms, it represents a sub-basin within the Neretva river basin.

In classical antiquity, the river was known as the Arion.
Csongrád-Csanád County
Csongrád-Csanád (Hungarian: Csongrád-Csanád vármegye [ˈt͡ʃoŋɡraːd ˈt͡ʃɒnaːd]) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) in southern Hungary, straddling the river Tisza, on the border with Serbia and Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Bács-Kiskun County, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County and Békés. The administrative centre of Csongrád-Csanád county is Szeged. The county is also part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.

Békés County
Békés (Hungarian: Békés vármegye, pronounced [ˈbeːkeːʃ], Romanian: Județul Bichiș) is an administrative division (county or vármegye) in south-eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Csongrád-Csanád, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, and Hajdú-Bihar. The capital of Békés county is Békéscsaba. The county is also part of the Danube-Kris-Mures-Tisa euroregion.
Abstract Rude
Aaron Pointer (born November 17, 1975), better known by his stage name Abstract Rude, is an American rapper from Los Angeles, California. Pointer's career began at Los Angeles' historical Good Life Cafe, a renowned open mic venue. He would practice his rapping every Thursday night at Good Life. He is also a member of the Project Blowed crew that emerged from the Good Life scene. He is the rapper of Abstract Tribe Unique, alongside dancers Zulu Butterfly and Irie Lion King, turntablist DJ Drez and producer Fat Jack. He is also a member of Haiku D'Etat with Myka 9 and Aceyalone, The A-Team with Aceyalone, and Code Name: Scorpion with Moka Only and Prevail. In 2009, he released the album Rejuvenation on Rhymesayers Entertainment. It was entirely produced by Vitamin D.

Project Blowed
Project Blowed is an open-mic workshop, its affiliated underground hip hop crew, and record label based in Los Angeles, California at Leimert Park. This hip hop function started in 1994 and features many music groups, emcees, dancers, music producers, and graffiti artists local to the Southern California area.