hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prince Gustav Channel
The Prince Gustav Channel (63°50′S 58°15′W﻿ / ﻿63.833°S 58.250°W﻿ / -63.833; -58.250﻿ (Prince Gustav Channel)) is a strait about 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) long and from 4 to 15 nautical miles (7.4 to 27.8 km; 4.6 to 17.3 mi) wide, separating James Ross Island and Vega Island from the Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica.

Vega Island
Vega Island (63°50′S 57°25′W﻿ / ﻿63.833°S 57.417°W﻿ / -63.833; -57.417﻿ (Vega Island)) is an island in Antarctica, 17 nautical miles (31 km; 20 mi) long and 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) wide, which is the northernmost of the James Ross Island group and lies in the west part of Erebus and Terror Gulf. 
It is separated from James Ross Island by Herbert Sound and from Trinity Peninsula by Prince Gustav Channel.
Leodis McKelvin
Leodis Anquan McKelvin (born September 4, 1985) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback and return specialist in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Troy Trojans, earning first-team All-American honors in 2007. He was selected by the Buffalo Bills in the first round of the 2008 NFL draft with the 11th overall pick.

Troy Trojans football
The Troy Trojans football program represents Troy University at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level, where it has competed since 2001. The football program joined the Sun Belt Conference in 2004. The current head football coach is Gerad Parker. Troy has won 23 conference championships, with eight in the Sun Belt Conference. The Trojans play home games at Veterans Memorial Stadium in Troy, Alabama.
Tribe 8 (role-playing game)
Tribe 8 is a fantasy/post-apocalypse role-playing game designed by Philippe R. Boulle, Stéphane Brochu and Joshua Mosqueira-Asheim with visuals by Ghislain Barbe. It was first released in 1998 by Canadian publisher Dream Pod 9 as a departure from their mostly mecha line of hard science fiction games.

Josh Mosqueira
Josh Mosqueira-Asheim is a game designer of both tabletop and video games. From 2012 to 2016, he oversaw the Diablo series at Blizzard Entertainment, releasing Diablo III: Reaper of Souls and developing the first iteration of Diablo IV.
Article (grammar)
In grammar, an article is any of a small set of words or affixes (such as a, an, and the in English) used with nouns to limit or give definiteness to the application. The category of articles constitutes a part of speech.

Articles combine with nouns to form noun phrases, and typically specify the grammatical definiteness of the noun phrase. In English, the and a (rendered as an when followed by a vowel sound) are the definite and indefinite articles respectively. Articles in many other languages also carry additional grammatical information such as gender, number, and case. Articles are part of a broader category called determiners, which also include demonstratives, possessive determiners, and quantifiers. In linguistic interlinear glossing, articles are abbreviated as ART.

Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more"). English and many other languages present number categories of singular or plural. Some languages also have a dual, trial and paucal number or other arrangements.

The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect".
Third ventricle
The third ventricle is one of the four connected cerebral ventricles of the ventricular system within the mammalian brain. It is a slit-like cavity formed in the diencephalon between the two thalami, in the midline between the right and left lateral ventricles, and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Running through the third ventricle is the interthalamic adhesion, which contains thalamic neurons and fibers that may connect the two thalami.

Thalamus
The thalamus (pl.: thalami; from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is a large mass of gray matter on the lateral wall of the third ventricle forming the dorsal part of the diencephalon (a division of the forebrain). Nerve fibers project out of the thalamus to the cerebral cortex in all directions, known as the thalamocortical radiations, allowing hub-like exchanges of information. It has several functions, such as the relaying of sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.

Anatomically, the thalami are paramedian symmetrical structures (left and right), within the vertebrate brain, situated between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. It forms during embryonic development as the main product of the diencephalon, as first recognized by the Swiss embryologist and anatomist Wilhelm His Sr. in 1893.
The Cloud Mystery
The Cloud Mystery is a documentary by Danish director Lars Oxfeldt Mortensen. It explores the theory by Danish scientist Henrik Svensmark on how galactic cosmic rays and solar activity affects cloud cover, and how this influences the Earth's climate. Also known as Klimamysteriet in Danish.

This documentary presents the work done to develop the theory that cloud cover change is caused by variations in cosmic rays as the major originator of global climate variation.  It also mentions that these scientists do not subscribe to the scientific consensus on climate change, which says that human influence and the effect of greenhouse gases are significant drivers of climate. However, the focus is on the work they have done and not on the consensus on anthropogenic global warming.

Henrik Svensmark
Henrik Svensmark (born 1958) is a Danish physicist and professor in the Division of Solar System Physics at the Danish National Space Institute (DTU Space) in Copenhagen. He is known for his work on the hypothesis that fewer cosmic rays are an indirect cause of global warming via cloud formation.
Leeds General Infirmary
Leeds General Infirmary, also known as the LGI, is a large teaching hospital based in the centre of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, and is part of the Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust. Its previous name The General Infirmary at Leeds is still sometimes used.

The LGI is a specialist centre for a number of services, including the regional Major Trauma Centre and hand transplants. It also provides many general acute services like A&E, intensive care and high dependency units, maternity and state-of-the-art operating theatres. A helipad on the roof of the Jubilee Wing gives direct access to the hospital for the Yorkshire Air Ambulance.

Two new hospitals are planned on the site.  One will be a maternity unit with capacity to deliver up to 10,500 babies a year. Completion is planned between 2026-2028. It will remove the need to transfer expectant mothers between St James’s Hospital and Leeds General Infirmary.

Yorkshire Air Ambulance
Yorkshire Air Ambulance (YAA) is a dedicated helicopter emergency air ambulance for the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England. It was established in October 2000, and currently operates three Airbus H145 aircraft. It is an independent charity that relies solely on the donations of individuals and organisations.
Tillamook County, Oregon
Tillamook County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,390. The county seat is Tillamook. The county is named for the Tillamook people or Killamook people, a Native American tribe who were living in the area in the early 19th century at the time of European American settlement. The county is located within Northwest Oregon.

Tillamook, Oregon
Tillamook (/ˈtɪləmʊk/ TILL-ə-muuk) is a city in and the county seat of Tillamook County, Oregon, United States. The city is located on the southeast end of Tillamook Bay on the Pacific Ocean. The population was 5,231 at the 2020 census.
Ann Cotton
Ann Lesley Cotton OBE (born 1950) is a Welsh entrepreneur and philanthropist who was awarded an Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2006 Queen's New Year Honours List. The honour was in recognition of her services to education of young women in rural Africa as the founder of Camfed.

2006 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 2006 in some Commonwealth realms were announced (on 31 December 2005) in 
the United Kingdom,
New Zealand, Grenada, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize, and Saint Christopher and Nevis to celebrate the year past and mark the beginning of 2006.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged firstly by the country whose ministers advised the Queen on the appointments, then by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.
Terang Bulan
"Terang Bulan" (lit. '"Bright Moon"') is a traditional Malay song. The song is an adaptation based on the state anthem of Perak named "Allah Lanjutkan Usia Sultan" which translates to "God Lengthen the Sultan's Age". The song's melody was originally from "La Rosalie", a popular song in the Seychelles in the 19th century composed by French lyricist Pierre Jean de Béranger (1780-1857).

Pierre-Jean de Béranger
Pierre-Jean de Béranger (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ ʒɑ̃ də beʁɑ̃ʒe] ⓘ; 19 August 1780 – 16 July 1857) was a prolific French poet and chansonnier (songwriter), who enjoyed great popularity and influence in France during his lifetime, but faded into obscurity in the decades following his death. He has been described as "the most popular French songwriter of all time" and "the first superstar of French popular music".

Some newspapers from Malaysia and Seychelles mention that he was the retrospective composer of Allah Lanjutkan Usia Sultan, the anthem of the peninsular sultanate of Perak whose melody was later adopted for Malaysia's national anthem Negaraku; as well as the pre-independent Nusantaran folk song Terang Bulan, but there is argument on whether he wrote either melody.
Mystic Pizza
Mystic Pizza is a 1988 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Donald Petrie in his feature directorial debut, set in the coastal town of Mystic, Connecticut, and starring Annabeth Gish, Julia Roberts, and Lili Taylor. The film follows the coming-of-age of three young Portuguese-American waitresses at the titular pizza parlor. It received positive reviews, with Roger Ebert writing, "I have a feeling that Mystic Pizza may someday become known for the movie stars it showcased back before they became stars. All of the young actors in this movie have genuine gifts." It also marked Matt Damon's film debut.

Mystic, Connecticut
Mystic is a village and census-designated place (CDP) in Groton and Stonington, Connecticut.

Mystic was a significant Connecticut seaport with more than 600 ships built over 135 years starting in 1784. Mystic Seaport, located in the village, is the largest maritime museum in the United States and has preserved a number of sailing ships, such as the whaling ship Charles W. Morgan. The village is located on the Mystic River which flows into Fishers Island Sound. The Mystic River Bascule Bridge crosses the river in the center of the village.  The name "Mystic" is derived from the Pequot term "missi-tuk" describing a large river whose waters are driven into waves by tides or wind. The population was 4,348 at the 2020 census.
John Goldsberry
John Goldsberry (born October 19, 1982) is an American former professional basketball player who played for Giants Leverkusen, Artland Dragons and Brose Baskets of the German Basketball Bundesliga. Standing at 1.91 m (6 ft 3 in) in height, he played at the point guard and shooting guard positions.

Bamberg Baskets
Bamberg Baskets (currently also known as BMA365 Bamberg Baskets) is a German professional basketball team from Bamberg, Franconia/North Bavaria. The club has won the German Championship title nine times and the German Cup six times. The club currently plays in the German top tier Basketball Bundesliga (BBL) and the FIBA Europe Cup. The license holder of the club is Bamberger Basketball GmbH.

The club was co-owned and sponsored by the German automotive supplier Brose Fahrzeugteile and was known as Brose Baskets and Brose Bamberg between 2006 and 2023.
Jupiter (spacecraft)
Jupiter is a proposed space tug spacecraft concept by Lockheed Martin, which was initially conceptualized as a 2015 bid proposal to NASA for an International Space Station (ISS) cargo resupply services contract. The proposal was not accepted by NASA, and future Lockheed plans for the concept are unknown.

The conceptual spacecraft is designed to operate in orbit indefinitely, and be refueled from cargo pods delivered to the craft. Other proposed uses for the technology include on-orbit space tug services, according to company officials in a March 2015 presentation made in Washington, D.C.

Commercial Resupply Services
Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) are a series of flights awarded by NASA for the delivery of cargo and supplies to the International Space Station (ISS) on commercially operated spacecraft.

The first phase of CRS contracts (CRS-1) were signed in 2008 and awarded $1.6 billion to SpaceX for twelve Dragon 1 and $1.9 billion to Orbital Sciences for eight Cygnus flights, covering deliveries to 2016. The first operational resupply missions were flown by SpaceX in 2012 (CRS SpX-1) and Orbital in 2014 (CRS Orb-1). In 2015, NASA extended CRS-1 to twenty flights for SpaceX and twelve flights for Orbital ATK.

A second phase of contracts (CRS-2) was solicited in 2014. CRS-2 contracts were awarded in January 2016 to Orbital ATK's continued use of Cygnus, Sierra Nevada Corporation's new Dream Chaser, and SpaceX's new Dragon 2, for cargo transport flights beginning in 2019 and expected to last through 2024.
Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale
The ginkgo-toothed beaked whale (Mesoplodon ginkgodens) is a poorly known species of whale even for a beaked whale, and was named for the unusual shape of its dual teeth. It is a fairly typical-looking species, but is notable for males not having any scarring.

Beaked whale
Beaked whales are members of the cetacean family Ziphiidae, noted as being one of the least-known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat, reclusive behavior and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 existing species are reasonably well-known. Baird's beaked whales and Cuvier's beaked whales were subject to commercial exploitation, off the coast of Japan, while the northern bottlenose whale was extensively hunted in the northern part of the North Atlantic in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Reports emerged in late 2020 of the possible discovery of a new beaked whale species off the coast of Mexico, the taxonomy of which had not been determined as of December 2020.
Natural areas of Qatar
Protected areas of Qatar include:

Al Reem Biosphere Preserve (designated in 2007, part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves in the Arab States) in northwest Qatar

Al Thakira Nature Reserve in Al Thakhira

Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation in Al-Shahaniya

Dahl Al Hamam Park, a sinkhole in the Dahl Al Hamam district of Doha (entrance to the hole is now closed to the public)

Dahl Al Misfir in Rawdat Rashed

Khor Al Adaid Reserve in Khor Al Adaid

Khor Al Adaid Fish Sanctuary in Khor Al Adaid

Mudhlem Cave in Mukaynis

Ras Abrouq Nature Reserve (also known as Bir Zekreet and Zekreet Beach) in Ras Abrouq

Ras Ushairij Gazelle Conservation Park in Ras Ushairij

Umm Tais National Park in Umm Tais

Umm Tais National Park
Umm Tais National Park is on an uninhabited island on the northern tip of Qatar. It includes sand bars and small islets with mangroves. A number of migratory bird species also inhabit the island. It was established in 2006 during the 15th Asian Games. Ruins of an ancient village known as Al Mafjar are nearby and there are plans to develop it as a tourist attraction. It is also within 6.4 km (4 mi) of the town of Ar-Ruʼays.
Asclepios Project
Asclepios is a program of space analogue missions designed by students for students, under the mentorship of trained professionals. It seeks to simulate short-term space missions on another celestial body, such as the Moon or Mars, thus paving the way to the future space exploration of the Solar System.

The Asclepios missions are exclusively opened to students with the goal of arousing their interest in future space endeavors as becoming astronauts, space engineers or members of the Mission Control Center. The purpose of analog missions is to help organizations within the space domain test their processes or products in a realistic environment. The objectives of the Asclepios missions are to act as an enabler for scientific entities, to train students through their work, and to promote space sciences. Experts and professionals such as Swiss astronaut Claude Nicollier act as mentors and advisors regarding the mission preparation.

Human analog mission
Human analog missions are activities undertaken on Earth in various environments to simulate aspects of human missions to other worlds, including the Moon, asteroids, and Mars.  These remote field tests are performed in locations that are identified based on their physical similarities to the extreme space environments of a target mission.  Such activities are undertaken to test hardware and operational concepts in relevant environments.

Obviously no analog can simulate all aspects of a human space mission here on Earth.  That is why a wide array of analog activities are necessary, each testing only a few important concepts and/or hardware elements at a time.
Flag of Guernsey
The flag of Guernsey was adopted in 1985 and consists of the red Saint George's Cross with an additional gold Norman cross within it. The creation was prompted by confusion at international sporting events over competitors from Guernsey and England using the same flag. It was designed by the Guernsey Flag Investigation Committee led by Deputy Bailiff Sir Graham Dorey. The flag was first unveiled on the island on 15 February 1985.  The gold cross represents William the Bastard, Duke of Normandy (who became, after the Norman Conquest, William I of England).  William purportedly was given such a cross by Pope Alexander II and flew it on his standard in the Battle of Hastings. Since 2000, a red ensign with the cross in the fly has been used as the government's civil ensign and as a blue ensign.

Civil ensign
A civil ensign is an ensign (maritime flag) used by civilian vessels to denote their nationality. It can be the same or different from the state ensign and the naval ensign (or war ensign). It is also known as the merchant ensign or merchant flag. Some countries have special civil ensigns for yachts, and even for specific yacht clubs, known as yacht ensigns.

Most countries have only one national flag and ensign for all purposes. In other countries, a distinction is made between the land flag and the civil, state and naval ensigns. The British ensigns, for example, differ from the flag used on land (the Union Flag) and have different versions of plain and defaced Red and Blue ensigns for civilian and state use, as well as the naval ensign (White Ensign) that can also be used by yachts of the Royal Yacht Squadron.
Farangi (film)
Farangi is a 1964 Pakistani Urdu film. It is directed by Khalil Qaiser and written by Riaz Shahid. It was the second film produced by Qaiser's newly formed K. K. Productions. The film stars Sudhir, Shamim Ara and Agha Talish with Bahar Begum and Allauddin.

Set in 1910s and 1920s at the time of British Raj, Farangi revolves around the battle of a Pashtun freedom fighter against the British army. The film was a golden jubilee success and features some memorable poems by Faiz Ahmad Faiz and Sahir Ludhianvi, with music composed by Rashid Attre. Ara and Talish's performances in the film were praised.

At Nigar Awards 1964, the film received four awards including Best Actress for Shamim Ara.

Allauddin (Pakistani actor)
Allauddin Butt, better known as simply Allauddin 
(Urdu: علاءُ الدین; 2 February 1920 – 13 May 1983) was a Pakistani actor who worked in Pakistani Lollywood movies. His film career spanned over 4 decades.
Dumble Overdrive Special
The Overdrive Special is a guitar amplifier made by Dumble Amplifiers.  Founder Howard Alexander Dumble first began producing what would become his flagship amp model in 1972, building them by hand in small numbers and incorporating bespoke changes to suit the amplifier to its buyer's preferred tone and playing style.  Dumble was inspired to design the Overdrive Special after hearing Robben Ford perform with a Fender Bassman head, and as a result the amps have been described as having a "highly evolved" Fender-style tone, with a thick overdrive, long sustain, and highly sensitive dynamics.  Ford, Carlos Santana, Larry Carlton, Kenny Wayne Shepherd, and John Mayer have all owned copies.  Dumble's reputation and the scarcity of his amps have made the Overdrive Special among the most sought after amp models on the secondhand market, with used copies of the Overdrive Special typically selling for tens of thousands of dollars, and sometimes over $100,000.

Dumble Amplifiers
Dumble Amplifiers was a guitar amplifier manufacturer in Los Angeles.  In a one-person operation, Howard "Alexander" Dumble (June 1, 1944 – January 16, 2022) made each amp personally, producing only a handful per year—and just 300 in total—for a clientele of primarily well-known musicians and studios, including Robben Ford, Carlos Santana, and Stevie Ray Vaughan.  Dumble's amplifiers are among the most rare and expensive boutique amplifiers on the used market, with the brand's flagship Overdrive Special fetching tens of thousands of dollars. Other models have sold for more.  Joe Bonamassa put Dumble alongside Fender, Marshall, and Vox as one of the industry's "four quintessential guitar-amp tonalities".
Erwin Bünning
Erwin Bünning (23 January 1906 – 4 October 1990) was a German biologist. His most famous contributions were to the field of chronobiology, where he proposed a model for the endogenous circadian rhythms governing plant photoperiodism. From these contributions, Bünning is considered a co-founder of chronobiology along with Jürgen Aschoff and Colin Pittendrigh.

Colin Pittendrigh
Colin Stephenson Pittendrigh (October 13, 1918 – March 19, 1996) was a British-born biologist who spent most of his adult life in the United States. Pittendrigh is regarded as the "father of the biological clock," and founded the modern field of chronobiology alongside Jürgen Aschoff and Erwin Bünning. He is known for his careful descriptions of the properties of the circadian clock in Drosophila and other species, and providing the first formal models of how circadian rhythms entrain (synchronize) to local light-dark cycles.