hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brooch of Lorn
The Brooch of Lorn  or Braìste Lathurna in Gaelic, is a medieval "turreted" disk brooch supposedly taken from Robert the Bruce (Robert I of Scotland) at the Battle of Dalrigh in 1306. However it is today dated long after this period.

The brooch is centred on a large quartz charmstone, and it is not implausible that this stone had belonged to the Bruce; it also acted as a reliquary. It is owned by the MacDougall of Dunollie Preservation Trust.  It was rarely seen in public until it was loaned to an exhibition in the British Museum in London in 2012.

Battle of Dalrigh
The Battle of Dalrigh, also known as the Battle of Dail Righ, Battle of Dalry or Battle of Strathfillan, was fought in 1306 between the army of King Robert the Bruce against Clan MacDougall of Argyll, who were allies of Clan Comyn and the English. It took place at the hamlet of Dalrigh (the "King's Field" in the Scottish Gaelic language) near Tyndrum in Perthshire, Scotland (not to be confused with Dalry, Ayrshire). Bruce's army, reeling westwards after defeat by the English on 19 June at the Battle of Methven, was intercepted and all but destroyed, with Bruce himself narrowly escaping capture. The battle took place sometime between July and early August, but the exact date is unknown.
Inner nuclear membrane protein
Inner nuclear membrane proteins  (INM proteins) are membrane proteins that are embedded in or associated with the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope. There are about 60 INM proteins, most of which are poorly characterized with respect to structure and function. Among the few well-characterized INM proteins are lamin B receptor (LBR), lamina-associated polypeptide 1 (LAP1), lamina-associated polypeptide-2 (LAP2), emerin and  MAN1.

Thymopoietin
Lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2), isoforms beta/gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMPO gene. LAP2 is an inner nuclear membrane (INM) protein.

Thymopoietin is a protein involved in the induction of CD90 in the thymus.  The thymopoetin (TMPO) gene encodes three alternatively spliced mRNAs encoding proteins of 75 kDa (alpha), 51 kDa (beta) and 39 kDa (gamma) which are ubiquitously expressed in all cells. The human TMPO gene maps to chromosome band 12q22 and consists of eight exons. TMPO alpha is present diffusely expressed with the cell nucleus while TMPO beta and gamma are localized to the nuclear membrane. TMPO beta is a human homolog of the murine protein LAP2. LAP2 plays a role in the regulation of nuclear architecture by binding lamin B1 and chromosomes. This interaction is regulated by phosphorylation during mitosis. Given the nuclear localization of the three TMPO isoforms, it is unlikely that these proteins play any role in CD90 induction.
La Cañada Flintridge, California
La Cañada Flintridge, commonly known as just La Cañada (Spanish for 'The Ravine'), is a city in the foothills of the  Verdugo Mountains in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Located in the Crescenta Valley, in the western edge of the San Gabriel Valley, it is the location of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory & Descanso Gardens.

Before the city's incorporation on November 30, 1976, it consisted of the two distinct communities of La Cañada and Flintridge.

The population was 20,573 at the 2020 census.

Crescenta Valley
The Crescenta Valley is a small inland valley in Los Angeles County, California, lying between the San Gabriel Mountains on the northeast and the Verdugo Mountains and San Rafael Hills on the southwest. It opens into the San Fernando Valley at the northwest and the San Gabriel Valley at the southeast. It is nearly bisected by the Verdugo Wash, a smaller valley separating the Verdugo Mountains from the San Rafael Hills. Most of the valley lies at an elevation of over 1,500 feet (460 m).
IPod Touch (3rd generation)
The third-generation iPod Touch (marketed as "the new iPod Touch" and commonly referred to as the iPod Touch 3G, iPod Touch 3, or iPod 3) is a multi-touch mobile device developed and sold by Apple Inc. It features a touchscreen-based user interface, and serves as the direct successor to the second-generation iPod Touch.

IPod Touch (2nd generation)
The second-generation iPod Touch (marketed as "the new iPod Touch" and colloquially known as the iPod Touch 2G or iPod Touch 2) is a multi-touch mobile device that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. with a touchscreen-based user interface. At Apple's media event on September 9, 2008, the company showed off and released the successor to the first-generation iPod Touch. Its introduction marked an important step in Apple's evolution of portable media devices, appealing to a broader audience of music and technology enthusiasts.
Five Red Categories
The "Five Red Categories" (Chinese: 红五类; pinyin: Hóngwǔlèi) during the Chinese Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) were the social classes favoured by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), as opposed to the Five Black Categories that were classified as potential threats or enemies. In the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, Red Guards were only allowed to come from the "Five Red Categories". These included:

Poor and lower-middle peasants (贫下中农; pín xiàzhōngnóng)

Workers (工人; gōngrén)

Revolutionary soldiers (革命军人; gémìng jūnrén) within the People's Liberation Army

Revolutionary cadres (革命干部; gémìng gànbù) who are active members of the CCP in good standing

Revolutionary martyrs (革命烈士; gémìng lièshì), including immediate family members, children, grandchildren (if any) and relatives of deceased CCP members and PLA service personnel killed in action

Five Black Categories
The "Five Black Categories" (Chinese: 黑五类; pinyin: Hēiwǔlèi) were classifications of political identity and social status in Mao era (1949–1976) of the People's Republic of China, especially during the Chinese Cultural Revolution (1966–1976); these categories include landlords, rich farmers, counter-revolutionaries, bad influencers, and rightists. People who were labelled as members of these five groups were discriminated against in society and were considered enemies of the Cultural Revolution, subject to constant persecution and even massacres. Most members of the Five Black Categories were rehabilitated in the Boluan Fanzheng period after the Cultural Revolution.
HaMakhtesh HaKatan
HaMakhtesh HaKatan (Hebrew: הַמַּכְתֵּשׁ הַקָּטָן, lit. The Small Crater) or simply Makhtesh HaKatan or Makhtesh Katan, is a makhtesh, a geological erosional landform, situated in Israel's Negev desert. At 5 km by 7 km, it is the third largest of the five makhteshim in the Negev, from a total of seven known major makhteshim, of which two are in Egypt's Sinai desert. It was charted in 1942 by Jewish explorers.

In June 2019, the State of Israel declared the crater a nature reserve.

Makhtesh
A makhtesh (Hebrew: מַכְתֵּשׁ ([maχˈteʃ]); pl.: makhteshim, Hebrew: מַכְתְּשִׁים [ˌmaχteˈʃim]) is a unique geological landform found primarily in the Negev desert of Israel and the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt. A makhtesh has steep walls of resistant rock surrounding a deep closed valley, which is typically drained by a single wadi. The valleys have limited vegetation and soil, containing a variety of different-colored rocks and diverse fauna and flora. The best known and largest makhtesh is Makhtesh Ramon.
Loten's sunbird
Loten's sunbird (Cinnyris lotenius), also known as the long-billed sunbird or maroon-breasted sunbird, is a sunbird endemic to peninsular India and Sri Lanka. Named after Joan Gideon Loten, who was the Dutch governor of colonial Ceylon, it is very similar to the purple sunbird that is found in the same areas and also tends to hover at flowers for nectar, but can be distinguished by the longer bill, the maroon band on the breast and brownish wings. Like other sunbirds, it is also insectivorous and builds characteristic hanging nests.

Purple sunbird
The purple sunbird (Cinnyris asiaticus) is a small bird in the sunbird family. It occurs in parts of the Arabian peninsula and South and Southeast Asia. It has a fast and direct flight and can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird but often perches at the base of flowers. It feeds mainly on nectar and insects, especially when feeding young. The males can appear all black in harsh sunlight but the purple iridescence is visible on closer observation or under good light conditions. Females are olive above and yellowish below.
Nature Center at Shaker Lakes
The Nature Center at Shaker Lakes is a nonprofit organization in Shaker Heights, Ohio, United States. It works to conserve a natural area, educate visitors about nature, and promote better environmental stewardship. It was founded in 1966 as the result of a volunteer effort to preserve the Shaker Parklands from becoming the route for a new freeway connecting Cleveland's east side to Downtown Cleveland.

The nature center offers curriculum-related school programs, including an early childhood program for several east side school districts and the Cleveland Metropolitan School District. Walkers, runners, and birdwatchers use the trails for exercise and recreation.

The center is home to many wildlife and plant species living in a variety of natural habitats, including marsh, brook, field, forest, and ravine.

The Nature Center's trails do not allow dogs, except service dogs. There are trails around the Nature Center that allow dogs such as the Lower Lake Trail.

Shaker Heights, Ohio
Shaker Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. The population was 29,439 at the 2020 census. Shaker Heights is an inner-ring streetcar suburb of Cleveland, abutting the eastern edge of the city's limits. It is a planned community developed by the Van Sweringen brothers, railroad moguls who envisioned the community as a suburban retreat from the industrial inner city of Cleveland.
Tiger Army
Tiger Army is an American psychobilly band based in Los Angeles, California. The group was formed in 1996 in Berkeley, California, and its only constant member is singer, guitarist, and lead songwriter Nick 13. The band has released six studio albums and four EPs.

Nick 13
Kearney Nick Jones, better known by his stage name Nick 13, is the lead vocalist, guitarist and main songwriter of psychobilly band Tiger Army, as well as a solo artist in the alternative country genre.
New North Klang Straits Bypass
New North Klang Straits Bypass (NNKSB) or Grand Sepadu/Shapadu Highway (E30/AH141) (Malay: Lebuhraya Pintas Selat Klang Utara Baru or Lebuhraya Grand Sepadu/Shapadu) is an expressway in Klang, Selangor, Malaysia. The 17.5 km (10.9 mi) expressway also acts as the North Klang Straits Bypass (Federal Route 20) to avoid the accident-prone area on this road.

North Klang Straits Bypass
North Klang Straits Bypass, Federal Route 20, AH 141, is the main highway bypass to Port Klang in Klang, Selangor, Malaysia. Federal Route 20 became the backbone of the road system linking Sungai Rasau to Port Klang before being surpassed by the New North Klang Straits Bypass 30. Many cargo trucks travel along the highway daily.
Gerringong Lions
The Gerringong Lions are an Australian rugby league football team based in Gerringong, a coastal town of the Illawarra and South Coast regions. The club was formed in 1914 as one of the founding members of South Coast Rugby League, and continue to participate in the Group 7 competition.

Group 7 Rugby League
South Coast Group 7 Rugby League (or Group 7 Rugby League for simplicity) is the divisional boundary drawn from the Southern Illawarra and South Coast regions (from the suburb of Warilla south to Ulladulla) of New South Wales, Australia and is governed by the NSWCRL. The main semi-professional competition comprises ten (10) teams from across the region. Group 7 Rugby League also administers reserve grade, third grade, and under-18s competitions, Ladies League Tag, as well as looking over many junior competitions.
Vanylven Municipality
Vanylven is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the Sunnmøre region. The administrative centre is the village of Fiskå. Other villages in the municipality include Åheim, Åram, Rovdane, Eidså, Slagnes, and Syvde.

The 385-square-kilometre (149 sq mi) municipality is the 240th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vanylven Municipality is the 228th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,026. The municipality's population density is 7.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (20/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 8.4% over the previous 10-year period.

Fiskåbygd
Fiskåbygd or Fiskå is a coastal village that is also the administrative centre of Vanylven Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of the city of Ålesund, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) east of the village of Syvde, and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of the village of Rovdane. Fiskå lies along the shores of the Vanylvsfjorden, east of the Stadlandet peninsula in Stad Municipality.

The 0.69-square-kilometre (170-acre) village has a population (2024) of 486 and a population density of 704 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,820/sq mi).

The nearest church is Vanylven Church, located in Slagnes about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the southwest.
Dorsoduro
Dorsoduro is one of the six historic sestieri (districts) of Venice, Italy, located in the southern part of the city and known for its relatively firm terrain that earned it the name meaning "hard back" or "hard ridge" in Italian, distinguishing it from the more marshy areas of the lagoon. It stretches from the Grand Canal in the north to the Giudecca Canal in the south, encompassing waterfront promenades like the Zattere, the Punta della Dogana viewpoint, and occasionally including the nearby Giudecca island.

Giudecca Canal
The Giudecca Canal (Venetian: Canal de ła Zueca) is a body of water that flows into the San Marco basin in Venice, Italy.

It is one of the major canals in the city, it bisects the sestieri of Dorsoduro, separating Giudecca island and district from Dorsoduro district.
Jeonju Hanok Village
Jeonju Hanok Village (Korean: 전주한옥마을) is a village in the city of Jeonju, South Korea, and overlaps with the Pungnam-dong and Gyo-dong neighborhoods. The village contains over 800 Korean traditional houses called Hanok. The village is famous among Koreans and tourists because of its traditional buildings that strongly contrast with the modern city around it. The village was designated as an International Slow City in 2010 in recognition of its relaxed pace of life where traditional culture and nature blend harmoniously. The number of visitors to Jeonju Hanok Village has increased sharply since the 2000s. The visitor numbers more than doubled from 2007 to 2014, from 3.17 million to 7.89 million. Excluding Seoul, Jeonju is ranked third among major tourist cities throughout Korea, behind Jeju and Busan.

Hanok
A hanok (Korean: 한옥; name in South Korea) or chosŏnjip (조선집; name in North Korea and for Koreans in Yanbian, China) is a traditional Korean house. Hanok were first designed and built in the 14th century during the Joseon dynasty.

Korean architecture considers the positioning of the house in relation to its surroundings, with thought given to the land and seasons. The interior of the house is also planned accordingly. This principle is called baesanimsu (배산임수; 背山臨水), meaning that the ideal house is built with a mountain in the back and a river in the front. Hanok shapes differ by region. In the cold northern regions of Korea, hanok are built in a square with a courtyard in the middle in order to retain heat better. In the south, hanok are more open and L-shaped.
Night service (public transport)
Night service, sometimes also known as owl service, is a mode of public transport service operated during the night hours. As an intermediate approach – between providing full service around the clock and stopping services altogether – it provides more limited service during times of lower passenger volume, saving resources and allowing for maintenance on primary transportation systems. They typically offer fewer routes and less frequent service. Night-based services may be differently branded compared to daytime services. Examples are London and Chicago, where overnight buses are prefixed with an "N" for "night". Another common way to distinguish night services from their daytime counterparts is dark-colored line numbers. Some cities apply a different fare structure for night services from their daytime services.

Night buses in London
The London Night Bus network is a series of night bus routes that serve Greater London. Services broadly operate between the hours of 23:00 and 06:00.

Many services commence from or operate via Trafalgar Square and are extensions or variations of daytime routes and hence derive their number from these; for example, route N73 from Oxford Circus to Walthamstow Central follows that of route 73 as far as Stoke Newington, before continuing further north.
Prince Gabriel of Belgium
Prince Gabriel of Belgium (French: Gabriel Baudouin Charles Marie, Dutch: Gabriël Boudewijn Karel Maria; born 20 August 2003) is the elder son and second child of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde of Belgium. He is currently second in line to the throne of Belgium after his elder sister, Elisabeth.

Philippe of Belgium
Philippe or Filip (born 15 April 1960) is King of the Belgians.

Philippe is the eldest child of King Albert II and Queen Paola. He succeeded his father upon the former's abdication for health reasons on 21 July 2013. He married Mathilde d'Udekem d'Acoz in 1999, with whom he has four children. Their eldest child, Princess Elisabeth, is first in the line of succession.
Saskatchewan Highway 364
Highway 364 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from the interchange between the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1, Exit 217), Highway 46, and Highway 622 near Balgonie to Highway 10 near Edgeley. It is about 37 kilometres (23 mi) long.

Highway 364 intersects Highway 734 and Highway 640. It passes by the communities of Edenwold and Avonhurst.

Saskatchewan Highway 46
Highway 46 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from the Ring Road at Regina to Highway 1 and Highway 364 near Balgonie; it is about 22 kilometres (14 mi) long. Highway 46 intersects Highway 362 and Highway 624 and passes through the communities of Pilot Butte and Balgonie; it is known as McDonald Street within Regina city limits.
RMAF Butterworth Air Base
RMAF Butterworth (Malay: TUDM Butterworth) is an active Air Force Station of the Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) situated 4.5 nautical miles (8.3 km; 5.2 mi) from Butterworth in Penang, Malaysia. It is currently home to the Headquarters Integrated Area Defence System (HQIADS), part of the Five Power Defence Arrangements (FPDA).

The airfield was originally known as RAF Station Butterworth and later as RAAF Butterworth, under the operational commands of the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) respectively. Although the airfield is now a RMAF base, under the terms of the FPDA the RAAF are a co-tenant of the base, maintaining an operational presence in the region alongside the RMAF squadrons. The airfield and associated base facilities are colloquially referred to as Butterworth.

Royal Malaysian Air Force
The Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF, Malay: Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia; TUDM; Jawi: تنترا اودارا دراج مليسيا) was formed on 2 June 1958 as the Royal Federation of Malaya Air Force (Tentera Udara Diraja Persekutuan Tanah Melayu; تنترا اودارا دراج ڤرسكوتون تانه ملايو). However, its roots can be traced back to the Malayan Auxiliary Air Force formations of the British Royal Air Force in then-colonial British Malaya. The Royal Malaysian Air Force operates a mix of modern American, European and Russian-made aircraft.
Peg Norman
Peg Norman (born 1964 in Gambo, Newfoundland) is a Canadian documentary filmmaker, best known for her role in the film My Left Breast, which documented her partner Gerry Rogers' breast cancer.

Norman helped found and for ten years managed Henry Morgentaler's  clinic in St. John's.  She ran for political office in Newfoundland and Labrador. In 2004 and 2006, she ran for the House of Commons of Canada, as a candidate of the New Democratic Party in St. John's South—Mount Pearl, but lost to Loyola Hearn of the Conservative Party of Canada. In 2004 and 2006, Norman placed third to Hearn. In 2010 Norman owned a small business in St. John's.

Openly lesbian, Norman is the partner of social worker, filmmaker, and politician Gerry Rogers.

Gerry Rogers
Gerry Rogers (born 1956) is a Canadian documentary filmmaker and politician. She was leader of the Newfoundland and Labrador New Democratic Party from 2018 until 2019. She served in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly as NDP MHA for the electoral district of St. John’s Centre from 2011 to 2019. She became the party's leader after winning the April 2018 leadership election. She resigned as party leader prior to the 2019 provincial election and did not seek re-election.
Friedman rule
The Friedman rule is a monetary policy rule proposed by Milton Friedman. Friedman advocated monetary policy that would result in the nominal interest rate being at or very near zero. His rationale was that the opportunity cost of holding money faced by private agents should equal the social cost of creating additional fiat money. Assuming that the marginal cost of creating additional money is zero (or approximated by zero), nominal rates of interest should also be zero. In practice, this means that a central bank should seek a rate of inflation or deflation equal to the real interest rate on government bonds and other safe assets, to make the nominal interest rate zero.

The result of this policy is that those who hold money do not suffer any loss in the value of that money due to inflation. The rule is motivated by long-run efficiency considerations.

This is not to be confused with Friedman's k-percent rule which advocates a constant yearly expansion of the monetary base.

Friedman's k-percent rule
In macroeconomics, Friedman's k-percent rule (named for Milton Friedman) is the monetarist proposal that the money supply should be increased by the central bank by a constant percentage rate every year, irrespective of business cycles.
Nicola Cowper
Nicola Jane Cowper (born 21 December 1967) is a British actress. Cowper is the younger sister of twin actresses Gerry Cowper and Jackie Cowper. Cowper made an impression as a film actress in her early career, but she is best known for her work on British television, in particular her role as D.S Helen Diamond in BBC's Dangerfield.

Gerry Cowper
Geraldine Cowper (born 23 June 1958) is an English actress who is best known for playing Lisa in Only Fools and Horses and Rowan Morrison in the 1973 horror film The Wicker Man and Rosie Miller in EastEnders. In the mid-1980s she took the part of Clare France in After Henry on BBC radio and also appeared on television as Jim Hacker's daughter in Yes Minister.
Michael Hardt
Michael Hardt (born 1960) is an American political philosopher and literary theorist. Hardt is best known for his 2000 book Empire, which was co-written with Antonio Negri.

Hardt and Negri suggest that several forces which they see as dominating contemporary life, such as class oppression, globalization and the commodification of services (or production of affects), have the potential to spark social change of unprecedented dimensions. A sequel, Multitude: War and Democracy in the Age of Empire was published in August 2004. It outlines an idea first propounded in Empire, which is that of the multitude as possible locus of a democratic movement of global proportions. The third and final part of the trilogy, Commonwealth, was published in 2009.

Multitude: War and Democracy in the Age of Empire
Multitude: War and Democracy in the Age of Empire is a book by autonomous Marxist philosophers Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt that was published in 2004. It is the second installment of a "trilogy", also comprising Empire (2000) and Commonwealth (2009).