hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Ho
James Chiun-Yue Ho (Chinese: 何俊宇; pinyin: Hé Jùnyǔ; born February 27, 1973) is an American lawyer and jurist serving as a United States circuit judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. He was appointed in 2018 by President Donald Trump, becoming the Fifth Circuit's only Asian-American judge and the only judge to be an immigrant.

Born to Taiwanese American immigrants, Ho emigrated from Taiwan as a child and graduated from Stanford University and the University of Chicago Law School. He served as the Solicitor General of Texas from 2008 to 2010, becoming the first Asian-American to hold the position. He has been identified as a potential Supreme Court nominee for Donald Trump's second term.

Solicitor General of Texas
The solicitor general of Texas is the top appellate solicitor or lawyer for the U.S. state of Texas. It is an appointed position in the Office of the Texas Attorney General that focuses on the office's major appellate cases. The majority of the cases handled by the solicitor are argued in the United States Supreme Court and the Supreme Court of Texas. However some cases within the solicitor's responsibilities are under the jurisdiction of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit and the state appellate courts. The solicitor represents the attorney general of Texas before the Supreme Court of Texas and other appellate courts, as needed. The Office of the Solicitor General writes most of the amicus briefs filed by the Texas attorney general's office.
John Crewe, 2nd Baron Crewe
John Crewe, 2nd Baron Crewe (bap. 1772 – 4 December 1835) was an English soldier and a peer. He formed part of the first British embassy to China, and rose to the rank of General. Becoming estranged from the majority of his family, he spent much of his life in self-imposed exile on the Continent. He is perhaps best known for a painting of him as a child by Sir Joshua Reynolds.

Macartney Embassy
The Macartney Embassy (Chinese: 馬加爾尼使團), also called the Macartney Mission, was the first British diplomatic mission to China, which took place in 1793. It is named for its leader, George Macartney, Great Britain's first envoy to China. The goals of the mission included the opening of new ports for British trade in China, the establishment of a permanent embassy in Beijing, the cession of a small island for British use along China's coast, and the relaxation of trade restrictions on British merchants in Guangzhou (Canton). Macartney's delegation met with the Qianlong Emperor, who rejected all of the mission's requests. Although the mission failed to achieve its official objectives, it was later noted for the extensive cultural, political, and geographical observations its participants recorded in China and brought back to Europe. It came to light in 1796 that a Chinese court official, Heshen, was embezzling state funds and had frustrated the mission.
Benz (film)
Benz is an upcoming Indian Tamil-language action thriller film directed by Bakkiyaraj Kannan, who co-wrote the film with Lokesh Kanagaraj. Produced by Passion Studios, The Route and G Squad, it is the fourth instalment in the Lokesh Cinematic Universe (LCU) and the first one not directed by Lokesh. The film stars Raghava Lawrence in the titular role, alongside Nivin Pauly and Samyuktha.

The film was officially announced in April 2024, and its inclusion in the LCU was announced that October. Principal photography began in May 2025. The music was composed by Sai Abhyankkar, while the cinematography and editing were handled by Dinesh Purushothaman and Philomin Raj, respectively.

Lokesh Kanagaraj
Lokesh Kanagaraj (/loʊkeɪʃ kənəɡərɑːdʒ/; born 14 March 1986) is an Indian film director, screenwriter and producer who works in Tamil cinema. He started his career with a short film in the 2016 anthology Aviyal, he later directed his first feature film Maanagaram (2017). He created the Lokesh Cinematic Universe (LCU) franchise after the commercial success of Kaithi (2019), the franchise's first installment.
Plainfield East High School
Plainfield East High School, or PEHS is a four-year public high school located in Plainfield, Illinois, a southwest suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is part of the Plainfield Community Consolidated School District 202, which also includes three other high schools: Plainfield Central High School, Plainfield South High School, and Plainfield North High School.

Plainfield Community Consolidated School District 202
Plainfield Community Consolidated School District 202 is a public school district located in Illinois. There are four high schools, seven middle schools, seventeen elementary schools, one early learning center, and one alternative school in the district.

The 64-square-mile (170 km2) district is zoned to serve the towns of: Plainfield, Joliet, Crest Hill, Lockport, Bolingbrook, and Romeoville, as well as various parts of unincorporated Will County and Kendall County.
Mariannette Miller-Meeks
Mariannette Jane Miller-Meeks (née: Miller; born September 6, 1955) is an American physician and politician who has served as a U.S. representative from Iowa since 2021. A member of the Republican Party, she represents the state's 1st congressional district. Her district, numbered as the 2nd district in her first term, includes most of Iowa's southeastern quadrant, including Davenport, Bettendorf, Burlington, and Iowa City. Miller-Meeks previously served as the Iowa state senator from the 41st district from 2019 to 2021.

Miller-Meeks ran three unsuccessful campaigns for the U.S. House against Dave Loebsack. When Loebsack retired in 2020, she ran again and defeated Rita Hart by a margin of six votes. She was reelected in 2022 by a margin of nearly seven percentage points, and won a third term in a very close race in 2024.

Dave Loebsack
David Wayne Loebsack (/ˈloʊbˌsæk/; born December 23, 1952) is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative for Iowa's 2nd congressional district from 2007 to 2021. A member of the Democratic Party, he also is an emeritus professor of political science at Cornell College, where he had taught since 1982. 
On April 12, 2019, Loebsack announced he would not seek reelection.
DWXI-AM
DWXI (1314 AM) is a religious AM radio station owned and operated by Delta Broadcasting System, the media arm of El Shaddai in the Philippines. The station's studio is located at the 7th Floor, Queensway Commercial Tower, 118 Amorsolo St., Legaspi Village, Makati, while its transmitter is located along Gen. Alvarez St., Brgy. San Rafael III, Noveleta. It operates Mondays to Sundays from 4:00 AM to 12:00 MN. It also broadcasts 24 hours on special occasions, especially during overnight celebrations.

As of Q4 2022, DWXI is the 4th most-listened to AM radio station (and #1 among religious radio stations) in Metro Manila, based on a survey commissioned by Kantar Media Philippines and Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas.

El Shaddai (movement)
El Shaddai DWXI Prayer Partners Fellowship International, popularly known as El Shaddai,  אֵל שַׁדַּי (Hebrew for 'God Almighty', IPA: [el ʃaˈdːaj], which is one of the names of God in the Jewish faith) is the biggest Catholic charismatic movement in the Philippines. The movement is led by Mike Velarde, a real estate developer and preacher. Novaliches bishop emeritus Teodoro Bacani Jr. serves as its spiritual adviser.
2026 Cook County Board of Commissioners election
The 2026 Cook County Board of Commissioners election will see all seventeen seats of the Cook County Board of Commissioners up for election to four-year terms.  The election coinsides with other 2026 Cook County, Illinois, elections (including an election for the president of the Board of Commissioners) with the primary elections to be held on March 17, 2026 and the general election to be held on November 3, 2026.

2026 Cook County, Illinois, elections
The Cook County, Illinois, general elections will be held on November 3, 2026. Primaries will be held on March 17, 2026.

Elections will be held for assessor, clerk, sheriff, treasurer, president of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, all 17 seats of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, two seats of the Cook County Board of Review, four seats on the Water Reclamation District Board, and judgeships on the Circuit Court of Cook County.
Sunrisers Eastern Cape
Sunrisers Eastern Cape is a South African professional Twenty20 franchise cricket team that competes in the SA20 tournament. The team is based in Gqeberha, and was formed in 2022. The team's home-ground is St George's Park Cricket Ground. The team is coached by Adrian Birrell. The franchise is owned by the Indian SUN Group.

Sun Group
Sun Group is an Indian media conglomerate, based in Chennai. It was founded by Kalanithi Maran in 1992. The Sun Group, besides television media, operates 48 FM radio stations, two daily newspapers, five magazines, a DTH satellite service and T20 cricket franchises.
Coleman Hawkins Plays Make Someone Happy from Do Re Mi
Coleman Hawkins Plays Make Someone Happy from Do Re Mi is an album by saxophonist Coleman Hawkins which was recorded in 1962 and released on the Moodsville label., featuring tracks from the 1960 broadway musicals Do Re Mi.

Do Re Mi (musical)
Do Re Mi is a musical with music by Jule Styne, lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, and a book by Garson Kanin, who also directed the original 1960 Broadway production. The plot centers on a minor-league con man who decides to go (somewhat) straight by moving into the legitimate business of juke boxes and music promotion. The musical was headlined by the comedy couple of Phil Silvers and Nancy Walker, both of whom were Tony nominated. Popular songs introduced included "Cry Like the Wind" and "Make Someone Happy".
Narcinidae
Narcinidae, or numbfishes, are a family of electric rays (order Torpediniformes). They are bottom-dwelling cartilaginous fishes with large, rounded pectoral fin discs and long tails. They can produce an electric discharge for defense, from which their scientific name is derived (Greek narke, meaning 'paralysis').

Members of this family are commonly known as the numbfishes, and are found almost worldwide in warm temperate and tropical continental and continental insular waters. They are strictly marine, so are absent from rivers and lakes. They occur in sandy beaches, muddy enclosed bays, estuaries, off coral reefs and river mouths, and on the upper continental slope to a depth of 1,071 m.

Electric ray
The electric rays are a group of rays, flattened cartilaginous fish with enlarged pectoral fins, composing the order Torpediniformes /tɔːrˈpɛdɪnɪfɔːrmiːz/. They are known for being capable of producing an electric discharge, ranging from 8 to 220 volts, depending on species, used to stun prey and for defense. There are 69 species in four families.

Perhaps the best known members are those of the genus Torpedo. The torpedo undersea weapon is named after it. The name comes from the Latin torpere, 'to be stiffened or paralyzed', from the effect on someone who touches the fish.
Jørn Lande
Jørn Marumsrud Lande (born 31 May 1968) is a Norwegian hard rock and heavy metal singer. He is known for his work with the bands Ark, Beyond Twilight, Millenium, Vagabond, The Snakes, and most notably with power metal band Masterplan. He is also the most recurrent guest singer of the international supergroup Avantasia, and has worked as lead and guest singer in several projects. Currently, he is focusing his activities on his solo project Jorn. In 2014, Lande was hired by Riot Games to be the voice of the character Karthus, of the fictional heavy metal band Pentakill (League of Legends).

The Snakes
The Snakes were a hard rock band, formed by former Whitesnake members Bernie Marsden and Micky Moody in 1997. The line-up consisted of guitarists Marsden and Moody with Norwegian musicians, vocalist Jørn Lande, bassist Sid Ringsby, who later joined the Norwegian band TNT, and drummer Willy Bendiksen. The band released one live album, one studio album and broke up in 1999.
Luis Martín-Santos
Luis Martín-Santos Ribera (11 November 1924 – 21 January 1964) was a Spanish psychiatrist and author of Time of Silence, often cited as one of the most important Spanish novels of the twentieth century.

Time of Silence
Time of Silence (Spanish: Tiempo de silencio) is a 1962 novel by the Spanish writer Luis Martín-Santos. An English translation by George Leeson was published by Harcourt, Brace & World in 1964. A new translation by Peter Bush was published by New York Review Books in 2025.
Complement membrane attack complex
The membrane attack complex (MAC) or terminal complement complex (TCC) is a complex of proteins typically formed on the surface of pathogen cell membranes as a result of the activation of the host's complement system, and as such is an effector of the immune system. Antibody-mediated complement activation leads to MAC deposition on the surface of infected cells. Assembly of the MAC leads to pores that disrupt the cell membrane of target cells, leading to cell lysis and death.

The MAC is composed of the complement components C5b, C6, C7, C8 and several C9 molecules.

A number of proteins participate in the assembly of the MAC. Freshly activated C5b binds to C6 to form a C5b-6 complex, then to C7 forming the C5b-6-7 complex. The C5b-6-7 complex binds to C8, which is composed of three chains (alpha, beta, and gamma), thus forming the C5b-6-7-8 complex. C5b-6-7-8 subsequently binds to C9 and acts as a catalyst in the polymerization of C9.

Complement component 7
Complement component 7 is a protein involved in the complement system of the innate immune system. C7 is part of the membrane attack complex (MAC) which creates a hole on pathogen surfaces, leading to cell lysis and death.

Its primary task is to bind the C5bC6 complex together. This junction alters the configuration of the protein molecules, exposing a hydrophobic site on C7 that allows the C7 to insert into the phospholipid bilayer of the pathogen.
Alphred Duport
Alphred Duport (also written as Alured de la Porte) was a 13th-century freeman of the City of Exeter, Devon, in England. He served as Mayor of Exeter eight times, first in 1269, and for the last time in 1284. He was executed following his last tenure, for dereliction of duty.

Mayor of Exeter
The Mayor of Exeter, granted Lord Mayor of Exeter in 2002, is the Mayor of Exeter in the ceremonial county of Devon, England and is elected by and from within the councillors of the City of Exeter council. The position is the third oldest mayoralty in the United Kingdom, behind the Lord Mayor of London and Mayor of Winchester, being founded in 1200.

In modern times, the role of the Lord Mayor is to "represent, support, and promote the businesses and people of Exeter" and the incumbent officer is expected to be non-political during their period of service.
Barouk
Barouk (Arabic: باروك) is a village in the Chouf District of Mount Lebanon Governorate in Lebanon. Barouk is located 52 kilometers southeast of Beirut. Its average elevation is 1000 to 1200 meters above sea level and its total land area consists of 2,762 hectares. The village had 5,197 registered voters in 2010. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze and Maronite and Melkite Christians.

Historically, Barouk is known for being the "land of good", because of its fountain, Nabeh-el-Barouk. The poet Rachid Nakhle, the writer of the national anthem, "Kulluna lel watan", was born in Barouk. The village is also well known for its apples and other fruits, and for its many pine and oak forests. Barouk is named after the adjacent mountain of Jabal el-Barouk ('Mount Barouk'), which stands 1,943 meters above sea level. The mountain also has the largest nature reserve in Lebanon, the Al Shouf Cedar Nature Reserve.

Al Shouf Cedar Nature Reserve
Al Shouf Cedar Nature Reserve is a nature reserve in the Chouf and Aley districts of Lebanon. It is located on the slopes of Jebel Baruk mountain and has an area of 550 km2 (210 sq mi), nearly 5.3% of the Lebanese territory, making it the largest natural reserve in Lebanon.

The reserve contains the Lebanon cedar forests of Barouk, Maaser el Shouf and Ain Zhalta-Bmohray. It is an Important Bird Area (IBA) and Eco-tourism area. It hosts 32 species of wild mammals, 200 species of birds, and 500 species of plants.
M31 and M57 buses
The M31 and M57 bus routes constitute the 57th Street Crosstown Line, a public transit line in Manhattan, New York City, running primarily along 57th Street. The M31 runs between 11th Avenue and 54th Street in Hell's Kitchen to 1st Avenue and 92nd Street in Yorkville. The M57 runs from 72nd Street and Amsterdam Avenue on the Upper West Side to Sutton Place and 57th Street in Sutton Place.

The M31 and M57 are legally operated by the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority, a wholly owned subsidiary of New York City Transit, whose bus routes were consolidated into MTA Regional Bus Operations.

First Avenue (Manhattan)
First Avenue is a north-south thoroughfare on the East Side of the New York City borough of Manhattan, running from Houston Street northbound to 127th Street. At 125th Street, most traffic continues onto the Willis Avenue Bridge over the Harlem River, which continues into the Bronx. South of Houston Street, the roadway continues as Allen Street south to Division Street. Traffic on First Avenue runs northbound (uptown) only.
Kheyrgu Rural District (Lamerd County)
Kheyrgu Rural District (Persian: دهستان خیرگو) is in Kheyrgu District of Lamerd County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chahar Taq. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kheyrgu (now a city).

Kheyrgu
Kheyrgu (Persian: خيرگو) is a city in, and the capital of, Kheyrgu District of Lamerd County, Fars province, Iran. As a village, it was the capital of Kheyrgu Rural District until its capital was transferred to the village of Chahar Taq.
Hansa Pit
The Hansa Pit (German: Grube Hansa) was a mine on the territory of Harlingerode in the county of Wolfenbüttel in the Free State of Brunswick and later in Lower Saxony, West Germany. It was founded on the Langenberg south of Harlingerode; however, the only remainders are located on the north side.

Langenberg (Bad Harzburg)
The Langenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈlaŋənbɛʁk] ⓘ) is an elongated chalk hill north of Göttingerode and south of Harlingerode in the spa town of Bad Harzburg in Goslar district, in the German state of Lower Saxony. Due to its obvious display of the Northern Harz Boundary Fault in the Langenberg chalk quarry and the discovery of the Europasaurus in 1998 in said quarry, this mountain has gained national geological relevance.
Hednesford
Hednesford (/ˈhɛnsfərd/ HENSS-fərd (listenⓘ) is a market town and civil parish in the Cannock Chase district of Staffordshire, England. The Cannock Chase area of natural beauty is to the north of the town. Hednesford is also 1 mile (1.6 km) to the north of Cannock and 5 miles (8.0 km) to the south of Rugeley. The population at the 2011 census was 17,343.

Cannock Chase District
Cannock Chase is a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and National Landscape in Staffordshire, England.

It gives its name to Cannock Chase District, a non-metropolitan local government district containing the towns of Cannock, Hednesford, Rugeley and surrounding rural villages. The district borders South Staffordshire to the west, the Borough of Stafford to the north, Lichfield District to the east, and the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall to the south.
Whale Island, Hampshire
Whale Island is a small island in Portsmouth Harbour, close by Portsea Island. It is home to HMS Excellent, the oldest shore training establishment within the Royal Navy, and the location of the Navy Command Headquarters. The island is linked to Portsea Island and thence to the mainland by road bridges.

HMS Excellent (shore establishment)
HMS Excellent is a Royal Navy "stone frigate" (shore establishment) sited on Whale Island near Portsmouth in Hampshire. HMS Excellent is itself part of the Maritime Warfare School, with a headquarters at HMS Collingwood, although a number of lodger units are resident within the site including the offices of the First Sea Lord.
Optima
Optima is a humanist sans-serif typeface designed by Hermann Zapf and released by the D. Stempel AG foundry, Frankfurt, West Germany, in 1958.

Though classified as a sans-serif, Optima has a subtle swelling at the terminals suggesting a glyphic serif. Optima was inspired by classical Roman capitals and the stonecarving on Renaissance-period tombstones Zapf saw in Florence on a 1950 holiday to Italy.

Zapf intended Optima to be a typeface that could serve for both body text and titling. To prove its versatility, Zapf set his entire book About Alphabets in the regular weight. Zapf retained an interest in the design, collaborating on variants and expansions into his eighties.

Palatino
Palatino is an old-style serif typeface designed by Hermann Zapf, initially released in 1949 by the Stempel foundry and later by other companies, most notably the Mergenthaler Linotype Company. Palatino is optimised for legibility with open counters, balanced proportions, moderate stroke contrast and flared serifs.
Atil
Atil, also Itil, was the capital of the Khazar Khaganate from the mid-8th century to the late 10th century. It is known historically to have been situated along the Silk Road, on the northern coast of the Caspian Sea, in the Volga Delta region of what is now southern Russia. Its precise location has long been unknown.

In 2008, a Russian archaeologist claimed to have discovered the remains of Atil in Samosdelka, a village in the Volga Delta approximately 30 km southwest of the city of Astrakhan. This claim has since been disproven.

Samosdelka
Samosdelka (Russian: Самосделка)  is a fishing village in the Astrakhan Oblast of southern Russia,  approximately 40 km south-southwest of the city of Astrakhan, in the Volga River delta area of the Caspian Depression marshlands. In September 2008, Russian archaeologists excavating in Samosdelka announced their discovery of what they claimed were the remains of Atil, the capital of the medieval Khazar kingdom. The claim was considered sensational and, owing to the absence of archaeological evidence, did not meet with widespread acceptance. A 2020 assessment by the Russian Geographic Society concluded that Atil had not been found in Samosdelka, and announced that new excavations were underway at another site.
Myth America
Myth America: Historians Take On the Biggest Legends and Lies About Our Past is a book of essays by 20 leading historians and other academics debunking popular beliefs regarding events in American history, as well as more contemporary issues. The book was published by Basic Books in early 2023.

Edited by Kevin M. Kruse and Julian E. Zelizer, historians at Princeton University, the book focuses on more recent research challenging narratives promoted by conservative sources on subjects such as America's founding in the late 18th century, the South's rebellion during the 1860s, the New Deal of the 1930s, the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s, the Reagan "revolution" of the 1980s, and charges of voter fraud during the early 2020s. Its essays also cover a range of social and political issues, including immigration, feminism, capitalism, American socialism, and police violence.

Kevin M. Kruse
Kevin Michael Kruse (born 1972) is an American historian and a professor of history at Princeton University. His research interests include the political, social, and urban/suburban history of 20th-century America, with a particular focus on the making of modern conservatism. Outside of academia, Kruse attracted substantial attention and following in the mid-2010s for his Twitter threads where he provided historical context for and applied historical research to current political events.