hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Urbino
Urbino (UK: /ɜːrˈbiːnoʊ/ ur-BEE-noh, Italian: [urˈbiːno] ⓘ; Romagnol: Urbìn) is a comune (municipality) in the Italian region of Marche, southwest of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482.

The town, nestled on a high sloping hillside, retains much of its picturesque medieval aspect. It hosts the University of Urbino, founded in 1506, and is the seat of the Archbishop of Urbino. Its best-known architectural piece is the Palazzo Ducale, rebuilt by Luciano Laurana.

Archdiocese of Urbino–Urbania–Sant'Angelo in Vado
The Archdiocese of Urbino–Urbania–Sant'Angelo in Vado (Latin: Archidioecesis Urbinatensis–Urbaniensis–Sancti Angeli in Vado) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the Province of Pesaro and Urbino in the Marche region of central Italy. The current archbishop is Sandro Salvucci, appointed in January 2023. It was previously a metropolitan see.

Its cathedral is a minor basilica and World Heritage Site: Basilica Cattedrale di S. Maria Assunta, in Urbino. It has two co-cathedrals, both former cathedrals of absorbed diocese whose title was also adopted: another minor basilica, the Basilica Concattedrale di S. Michele Arcangelo, dedicated to the archangel Saint Michael, in Sant’Angelo in Vado,  and the Concattedrale di S. Cristoforo Martire, dedicated to the protomartyr Saint Christopher, in Urbania.
Aviation Martyrs' Monument
The Aviation Martyrs' Monument (Turkish: Hava Şehitleri Anıtı or formerly Tayyare Şehitleri Abidesi), located in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey, is a memorial dedicated to the first soldiers of the Ottoman Airforce to be killed in flight accidents. In Turkey, one use of the term "martyr" is as an honorific for people killed in action during war.

The monument was commissioned right after the consecutive crash of two monoplanes in Palestine, killing three of the four military aviators who were on an expedition flight from Istanbul to Alexandria in early 1914. The monument, in form of a column, was inaugurated in 1916. A military memorial ceremony is held in front of the monument every year on Martyrs' Day.

Ottoman Aviation Squadrons
The Aviation Squadrons of the Ottoman Empire were military aviation units of the Ottoman Army and Navy. The history of Ottoman military aviation dates back to June 1909 or July 1911. The organisation is sometimes referred to as the Ottoman Air Force. The fleet size reached its apex in December 1916, when the Ottoman aviation squadrons had 90 airplanes. The Aviation Squadrons were reorganized as the General Inspectorate of Air Forces (Kuva-yı Havaiye Müfettiş-i Umumiliği) on 29 July 1918. With the signing of the Armistice of Mudros on 30 October 1918, the Ottoman military aviation effectively came to an end. At the time of the armistice, the Ottoman military aviation had around 100 pilots; 17 land-based airplane companies (4 planes each); and 3 seaplane companies (4 planes each); totalling 80 aircraft.
Tenbun
Tenbun (天文), also transliterated as Tenmon, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō; "year name") after Kyōroku and before Kōji. This period spanned from July 1532 through October 1555. The reigning emperor was Go-Nara-tennō (後奈良天皇).

Emperor Go-Nara
Emperor Go-Nara (後奈良天皇, Go-Nara-tennō; January 26, 1495 – September 27, 1557) was the 105th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He reigned from June 9, 1526, until his death in 1557, during the Sengoku period of the Muromachi Bakufu. His personal name was Tomohito (知仁).
Milefortlet 15
Milefortlet 15 was a Milefortlet of the Roman Cumbrian Coast defences. These milefortlets and intervening stone watchtowers extended from the western end of Hadrian's Wall, along the Cumbrian coast and were linked by a wooden palisade. They were contemporary with defensive structures on Hadrian's Wall. The site of Milefortlet 15 has been probably been destroyed by coastal erosion. A 3rd-century Roman cemetery, associated with a nearby fort at Beckfoot, was located in the area of the milefortlet.

Beckfoot
Beckfoot is a hamlet in the civil parish of Holme St Cuthbert in Cumbria, England. It is located on the B5300 coast road, three miles south of Silloth-on-Solway and two miles north of the village of Mawbray. The county town of Carlisle is twenty-five miles away to the east.
T-70
The T-70 is a light tank used by the Red Army during World War II, replacing both the T-60 scout tank for reconnaissance and the T-50 light infantry tank for infantry support.  The T-80 light tank was a more advanced version of the T-70 with a two-man turret—it was produced only in very small numbers when light tank production was abandoned.  The T-90 self-propelled anti-aircraft gun was a prototype vehicle with twin machine guns, based on the T-70 chassis.

The T-70 was armed with a 45-mm L/46 gun Model 38 with forty-five rounds carried, and a coaxial 7.62-mm DT machine gun. The tank was operated by a driver and a commander who loaded and fired the gun.  Armour thickness on the turret front was 50 mm, turret sides and rear: 35 mm, upper glacis : 35 mm,hull sides : 15 mm, roof and bottom: 10 mm.

T-80 light tank
The T-80 was a Soviet light tank developed during the final phase of World War II. It was a further development of the T-70 light tank, addressing its main shortcomings, particularly the one-man turret. The T-80 featured a two-man turret, enhanced armor, and other minor improvements. Despite these changes, it entered production too late in the war to see widespread use and was quickly overshadowed by the increasing reliance on medium tanks like the T-34-85.
Mardarije Kornečanin
Mardarije Kornečanin (Serbian Cyrillic: Мардарије Корнечанин; fl. 1625–59) was an Eastern Orthodox bishop in Montenegro and Primorje, serving as the Metropolitan of Cetinje from 1637 to 1659, under the jurisdiction of the Serbian Patriarchate of Peć. After 1640, he entered into negotiations with the Catholic Church, hoping to achieve political and military support through Church Union. He succeeded Metropolitan Rufim Njeguš, and was succeeded by Rufim Boljević.

Rufim Njeguš
Rufim Njeguš (Serbian Cyrillic: Руфим Његуш; fl. 1594–1631) was the Metropolitan of Cetinje between 1594 and 1636. He succeeded the Metropolitan duo of Nikanor and Stevan (s. 1591–93). He is listed as Ruvim III. Rufim Njeguš and Metropolitan Visarion of Trebinje (s. 1590–1602) aided the Banat Uprising (1594). In 1595 Francesco Antonio Bertucci tried to convince Rufim to accept union with the Catholic Church. He was succeeded by Mardarije Kornečanin (s. 1637–59). Rufim is famous as being the first metropolitan who actively took part in armed confrontations with the Ottoman Empire, leading Montenegrin army in three major battles in 1601, 1604 and 1613.
Throstle (horse)
Throstle (1891–1910) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. Born partially blind and considered a likely candidate for euthanasia as a foal she nevertheless proved herself one of the two best fillies of her generation in Britain. She showed considerable promise despite failing to win in three starts as a juvenile in 1893 and began her second season by running sixth to Amiable in the 1000 Guineas. In the summer of her second season she made rapid progress, winning the Coronation Stakes and Nassau Stakes as well as finishing fourth against very strong male opposition in the Eclipse Stakes. Poor form in training led to her starting at odds of 50/1 for the St Leger but she created a huge upset by defeating the Epsom Derby winner Ladas. She failed to win again and was retired from racing in 1895. She had little success as a dam of winners.

Ladas (horse)
Ladas (1891–1914) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. His career attracted an unusual amount of attention as his owner, Lord Rosebery, became Prime Minister of the United Kingdom at the height of his success.

In a career that lasted from 1893 to 1894, Ladas ran eleven times and won seven races. He was the leading British two-year-old of 1893, being unbeaten in four starts including the Champagne Stakes and the Middle Park Stakes. In the following year, he won the 2000 Guineas at Newmarket and the Derby at Epsom to complete the first two legs of the English Triple Crown. He was beaten by the four-year-old colt Isinglass in his next two starts and failed in his bid for the Triple Crown when beaten in the St Leger at Doncaster.

Ladas was retired to stud at the end of the season, and sired the winners of several important races. He died in 1914.
Feminist pornography
Feminist pornography, also known by other terms in internet such as ethical pornography or fair-trade pornography, is a genre of film developed by or for those within the sex-positive feminist movement. It was created for the purpose of promoting gender equality by portraying more bodily movements and sexual fantasies of women and members of the LGBTQ community.

Sex-positive feminism
Sex-positive feminism, also known as pro-sex feminism, sex-radical feminism, or sexually liberal feminism, is a feminist movement centering on the idea that sexual freedom is an essential component of women's freedom. They oppose legal or social efforts to control sexual activities between consenting adults, whether they are initiated by the government, other feminists, opponents of feminism, or any other institution. They embrace sexual minority groups, endorsing the value of coalition-building with marginalized groups. Sex-positive feminism is connected with the sex-positive movement. Sex-positive feminism brings together anti-censorship activists, LGBT activists, feminist scholars, producers of pornography and erotica, among others. Sex-positive feminists believe that prostitution can be a positive experience if workers are treated with respect, and agree that sex work should not be criminalized.
Therīgāthā
The Therīgāthā, often translated as Verses of the Elder Nuns (Pāli: therī elder (feminine) + gāthā verses), is a Buddhist collection of short poems supposedly spoken or authored by Buddhist elder nuns. The poems belong to a later period in the development of canonical Buddhist literature, composed over centuries, with some dating to the late third century BCE.

In the Pāli Canon, the Therigatha is classified as part of the Khuddaka Nikaya, the collection of short books in the Sutta Pitaka.  It consists of 73 poems organized into 16 chapters. It is the companion text to the Theragatha, verses attributed to senior monks. It is the earliest known collection of women's literature composed in India.

Khuddaka Nikāya
The Khuddaka Nikāya (lit. 'Minor Collection') is the last of the five Nikāyas, or collections, in the Sutta Piṭaka, which is one of the "three baskets" that compose the Pāli Tipiṭaka, the sacred scriptures of Therevāda Buddhism. This nikāya consists of a various number of books, depending on the recension: fifteen in Thailand, fifteen in Sri Lanka (following Buddhaghosa's list), or eighteen in Burma, covering a wide variety of topics. It is attributed to the Buddha and his chief disciples.

The word khuddaka in the title means ‘small’ in Pāli and Nikāya is ‘collection’. The equivalent collection in the Chinese and Tibetan canons is the Kṣudraka Āgama, but there is substantial variation among the collections.
Machakos County
Machakos County is one of the 47 counties of Kenya, which came into being as part of the devolved system of governance occasioned by the 2010 constitution of Kenya. The county's administrative headquarters are in Machakos Town, which is the largest town in the county. The county had a population of 1,421,932 as of 2019. The county borders Nairobi and Kiambu counties to the west, Embu to the north, Kitui to the east, Makueni to the south, Kajiado to the south west, and Murang'a and Kirinyaga to the north west.

Kirinyaga County
Kirinyaga County is one of the 47 counties of Kenya  in the Mount Kenya region of Kenya, south of Mount Kenya. Its capital is Kutus and its largest town is Wanguru. In 2019, the county had a population of 610,411 people and has an area of 1,478.1 km2. The county is bordered to the east and south by Embu County, to the south by a tiny part of Machakos County, to the southwest by Murang'a County and to the northwest by Nyeri County.

Kirinyaga County lies between 1158m and 5199m above sea level; its highest point is the summit of Mount Kenya.

Kirinyaga County's governor is Anne Waiguru, who was elected for her first term in 2017, succeeding Joseph Ndathi. She was re-elected in 2022.
Rosalind Shand
Rosalind Maud Shand (née Cubitt; 11 August 1921 – 14 July 1994) was the daughter of Roland Cubitt, 3rd Baron Ashcombe. She was the wife of army officer Major Bruce Shand and the mother of Queen Camilla.

Roland Cubitt, 3rd Baron Ashcombe
Roland Calvert Cubitt, 3rd Baron Ashcombe, DL (26 January 1899 – 28 October 1962) was a member of the British aristocracy. He became Baron Ashcombe on the death of his father Henry Cubitt, 2nd Baron Ashcombe, in 1947. He was the maternal grandfather of Queen Camilla.
Eberhard Welty
Eberhard Welty OP (born Franz Matthias Bernhard Welty; 15 September 1902 –2 June 1965) was a German Dominican priest and social ethicist. During the Nazi period he became a significant figure in Catholic resistance to Nazism and was a spiritual leader of the German Resistance movement Cologne Circle.

Cologne Circle
The Cologne Circle (German: Kölner Kreis also known as Kölner Widerstandskreis) was a German resistance group founded during World War II against National Socialism, composed of people from the Catholic political milieu. The members of this discussion group met at the Catholic Ketteler House in Cologne's Agnesviertel.
Saab Rb 08
Robot 08 (Rb 08) was an anti-ship missile developed in Sweden by Saab during the early Cold War. It was the first operational ship-based anti-ship missile. The design was a development of the French Nord Aviation CT20 target missile and was manufactured by Saab. The project to develop the weapon was initiated in the 1950s and the missile entered sea-going service in 1966 aboard the Halland-class destroyers, later also serving in a land-based coastal defense role with the Swedish Coastal Artillery. Guidance was via radio command and active radar homing. The missile was replaced by the RBS-15, being retired in 1995.

RBS 15
The RBS 15 (Robotsystem 15) is a long-range fire-and-forget surface-to-surface and air-to-surface anti-ship missile. The later version Mk. IV has the ability to attack land targets as well. The missile was developed by the Swedish company Saab Bofors Dynamics.
Arkansas Highway 172
Arkansas Highway 172 (AR 172, Ark. 172, and Hwy. 172) is a designation for a state highway in Southern Arkansas. The first section begins at US Route 82 (US 82) in Cairo and ends at AR 7 in Smackover. The second section begins at US 167 near Artesian and ends at AR 160 just west of Jersey. The third, and longest, section begins at US 278 east of Warren and ends at US 425 south of Monticello. All three routes are very rural.

Arkansas Highway 160
Highway 160 (AR 160, Ark. 160, and Hwy. 160) is a designation for four state highways in South Arkansas. The northernmost segment of 51.55 miles (82.96 km) runs from Farm to Market Road 249 at the Texas state line near Bloomburg, Texas east to Highway 19 at Macedonia. A second segment of 14.73 miles (23.71 km) runs east from Highway 57 east to Highway 7 Business in Smackover. In southern Calhoun County, Highway 160 begins at US Route 278 (US 278) and runs east to US 425 in Fountain Hill. A fourth segment begins at US 82 at Mater and runs 22.73 miles (36.58 km) east to US 65 at Chicot Junction.
Brad Strickland
William Bradley Strickland (born October 27, 1947) is an American writer known primarily for fantasy and science fiction. His speculative fiction is published under the name Brad Strickland except for one novel written as Will Bradley. By a wide margin his work most widely held in WorldCat participating libraries is The Sign of the Sinister Sorcerer (Dial Books, 2008), which concluded the Lewis Barnavelt series created by John Bellairs (1938–1991).

John Bellairs
John Anthony Bellairs (January 17, 1938 – March 8, 1991) was an American author best known for his fantasy novel The Face in the Frost and many Gothic mystery novels for children featuring the characters Lewis Barnavelt, Rose Rita Pottinger, Johnny Dixon, and Anthony Monday. Most of his books were illustrated by Edward Gorey. At the time of his death, Bellairs' books had sold a quarter-million copies in hard cover and more than a million and a half copies in paperback.
Yakovlev Corporation
The JSC Yakovlev Corporation (MCX: IRKT) (Russian: Яковлев) is a Russian aircraft manufacturer, headquartered in the Aeroport District, Northern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is the manufacturer of the Sukhoi Su-30 family of interceptor/ground-attack aircraft. The company was founded in 1932 in the Transbaykal region of the Soviet Union as the Irkutsk Aviation Plant (IAP). It was formerly known as Irkut Corporation.

United Aircraft Corporation was formed in 2006 from the merger of Mikoyan, Ilyushin, Sukhoi, Tupolev, and Yakovlev.

Yakovlev
The JSC A.S. Yakovlev Design Bureau (/ˈjækoʊˌlɛf/; Russian: ОАО Опытно-конструкторское бюро им. А.С. Яковлева) is a Russian aircraft designer and manufacturer (design office prefix Yak). Its head office is in Aeroport District, Northern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is a subsidiary of Yakovlev Corporation.
Maria Widebeck
Maria Cecilia Widebeck (1858–1929) was a Swedish textile artist and illustrator who assisted her friend Carin Wästberg to revive interest in fabrics inspired by local peasant techniques. While working as a pattern designer for the Friends of Handicraft association, together with Wästberg she established the textile firm Widebeck och Wästberg producing fabrics with the WW logo. Widebeck made most of the illustrations presented in Klingspor's book on coats of arms and family crests.

Carin Wästberg
Carin Helena Wästberg (1859–1942) was a Swedish textile artist who helped to revive interest in textile arts in Sweden inspired by local peasant techniques and the developments she had seen in England. As its leader from 1904, she developed the Friends of Handicraft association into the country's top textile producer, creating a new production technique in collaboration with Maja Sjöström. Under her leadership, the association produced many notable works for public buildings in Stockholm, including those she herself designed in 1915 for the Stockholm Court House.
Bantry Blues GAA
Bantry Blues is a Gaelic football club in Bantry, County Cork, Ireland. The club is affiliated to the Carbery Board and is primarily concerned with the game of Gaelic football, but also fields teams in hurling.

Carbery GAA
Carbery GAA is a Gaelic football and Hurling division in the south-west area of County Cork, Ireland. The division is one of eight divisions of the Cork County Board and a division is responsible for organising competitions for the clubs within the division from Under 12 up to adult level The winners of these competitions compete against other divisional champions to determine which club is the county champion. In addition, the division selects football and hurling teams from the adult teams playing at junior level or county intermediate level, and these then compete for the Cork GAA Senior Football Championship and Cork Senior Hurling Championship.

The Carbery division consists of 26 clubs from Bandon in the east to Bantry Blues in the west.
Music Association of Ireland
The Music Association of Ireland (MAI) was set up in 1948 to improve the position of classical music within the cultural life of Ireland. It was instrumental in setting up the National Youth Orchestra of Ireland and played a leading role in the long-running campaign to establish Ireland's National Concert Hall. In 2007, the association changed its name to Friends of Classical Music.

National Youth Orchestra of Ireland
The National Youth Orchestra of Ireland (NYOI; Irish: Ceolfhoireann Náisiúnta Óige na hÉireann) is the national youth orchestra of Ireland, founded in 1970 by Olive Smith and the Music Association of Ireland.

It is a member of the European Federation of National Youth Orchestras.
2013 Philippine general election
A general election was held in the Philippines on May 13, 2013. It was a midterm election—the officials elected were sworn in on June 30, 2013, midway through President Benigno Aquino III's term of office.

Being elected are 12 senators (half of the Senate), and all 229 district members of the House of Representatives. These national elections were held on the same day as local and gubernatorial elections, as well as a general election in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. In total, there were 18,022 national and local positions up for election.

Barangay officials, including barangay captains, were elected on October 28, 2013. The elections for SK officials were held at the same day, but on September 24, 2013, the Congress of the Philippines voted to postpone of the election for at least a year.

2013 Philippine barangay elections
Barangay elections were held on Monday, October 28, 2013. The election shall elect the Punong Barangay, more commonly known as barangay captains, and members of the Sangguniang Barangay, or barangay council, in 42,028 barangays throughout the Philippines whose terms start on November 30, 2013. Barangays are the smallest local government unit in the Philippines.

Elections for Sangguniang Kabataan, known as the SK Chairman, and members of the Katipunan ng mga Kabataan were originally scheduled to be held at the same time but on September 24, 2013 the Philippine Congress voted to postpone the elections for at least a year.

These elections shall conclude the 2013 election cycle that started in May for the members of the Philippine Congress and provincial, city and municipal officials. Upon their election, barangay captains shall hold indirect elections for their cities and municipalities representations in the local councils and provincial boards.
Dreisam
The Dreisam (German pronunciation: [ˈdʁaɪzaːm]; Celtic: *tragisamā, "the very fast one") is a 29 km long river (48.8 km including its source river Rotbach), and a tributary of the Elz in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. The waters of the Dreisam feed the famous Freiburg Bächle runnels.

Elz (Rhine)
The Elz (German: [ˈɛlts] ⓘ) is a river in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, a right tributary of the Rhine. It rises in the Black Forest, near the source of the Breg. The Elz flows through Elzach, Waldkirch and Emmendingen before reaching the Rhine near Lahr. Its length is approx. 121 km (75 mi).

The lower reaches of the Elz are by-passed by the Leopold Canal, a flood relief canal.
Enchanter (video game)
Enchanter is an interactive fiction  game written by Marc Blank and Dave Lebling and published by Infocom in 1983. The first fantasy game published by Infocom after the Zork trilogy, it was originally intended to be Zork IV. The game has a parser that understands over 700 words, making it the most advanced interactive fiction game of its time. It was Infocom's ninth game.

The game was followed by a 1984 sequel, Sorcerer.

Sorcerer (video game)
Sorcerer is an interactive fiction game written by Steve Meretzky and released by Infocom in 1984. It is the second game in the magic-themed "Enchanter trilogy", preceded by Enchanter and followed by Spellbreaker. It is Infocom's eleventh game.