hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kigo
A kigo (季語, 'season word') is a word or phrase associated with a particular season, used in traditional forms of Japanese poetry. Kigo are used in the collaborative linked-verse forms renga and renku, as well as in haiku, to indicate the season referred to in the stanza. They are valuable in providing economy of expression.

Renku
Renku (連句, "linked verses"), or haikai no renga (俳諧の連歌, "comic linked verse"), is a Japanese form of popular collaborative linked verse poetry. It is a development of the older Japanese poetic tradition of ushin renga, or orthodox collaborative linked verse. At renku gatherings participating poets take turns providing alternating verses of 17 and 14 morae. Initially haikai no renga distinguished itself through vulgarity and coarseness of wit, before growing into a legitimate artistic tradition, and eventually giving birth to the haiku form of Japanese poetry. The term renku gained currency after 1904, when Kyoshi Takahama started to use it.
Dornbusch (Hiddensee)
The Dornbusch is a region of low rolling hills in the northern part of the German Baltic Sea island of Hiddensee. It consists mainly of ice age depositions, that were left behind after the glacier thawed. It is one of three island cores of the  Hiddensee responsible for the emergence of the lowland.

The Dornbusch measures about 2.45 kilometres from north to south and about 2.85 kilometres from east to west. Its highest point, at 72 metres above sea level, is the Schluckswiekberg, on which the Dornbusch Lighthouse, the symbol of Hiddensee, stands.

With much of its cliffed coast still active it represents an important landscape in the West Pomeranian Lagoon Area National Park and is part of protection zone II. Numerous footpaths run through its varied countryside.

Hiddensee
Hiddensee (German pronunciation: [ˈhɪdn̩zeː] ⓘ) is a car-free island in the Baltic Sea, located west of Germany's largest island, Rügen, on the German coast.

The island has about 1,000 inhabitants. It was a holiday destination for East German tourists during German Democratic Republic (GDR) times, and continues to attract tourists today. It is the location of the University of Greifswald's ornithological station. Gerhart Hauptmann and Walter Felsenstein are buried there.
René Goulaine de Laudonnière
Rene Goulaine de Laudonnière (French pronunciation: [ʁəne ɡulɛn də lodɔnjɛʁ]; c. 1529–1574) was a French Huguenot explorer and the founder of the French colony of Fort Caroline in what is now Jacksonville, Florida. Admiral Gaspard de Coligny, a Huguenot, sent Jean Ribault and Laudonnière to explore potential sites in Florida suitable for settlement by the French Protestants.

Jean Ribault
Jean Ribault (also spelled Ribaut) (1520 – October 12, 1565) was a French naval officer, navigator, and a colonizer of what would become the southeastern United States. He was a major figure in the French attempts to colonize Florida. A Huguenot and officer under Admiral Gaspard de Coligny, Ribault led an expedition to the New World in 1562 that founded the outpost of Charlesfort on Parris Island in present-day South Carolina. Two years later, he took over command of the French colony of Fort Caroline in what is now Jacksonville, Florida. He and many of his followers died at the hands of Spanish soldiers during the Massacre at Matanzas Inlet, near St. Augustine.
Ribet's theorem
Ribet's theorem (earlier called the epsilon conjecture or ε-conjecture) is part of number theory. It concerns properties of Galois representations associated with modular forms. It was proposed by Jean-Pierre Serre and proven by Ken Ribet. The proof was a significant step towards the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem (FLT). As shown by Serre and Ribet, the Taniyama–Shimura conjecture (whose status was unresolved at the time) and the epsilon conjecture together imply that FLT is true.

In mathematical terms, Ribet's theorem shows that if the Galois representation associated with an elliptic curve has certain properties, then that curve cannot be modular (in the sense that there cannot exist a modular form that gives rise to the same representation).

Ken Ribet
Kenneth Alan Ribet (/ˈrɪbɪt/; born June 28, 1948) is an American mathematician working in algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry. He is known for the Herbrand–Ribet theorem and Ribet's theorem, which were key ingredients in the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, as well as for his service as President of the American Mathematical Society from 2017 to 2019. He is currently a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley.
Hippuric acid
Hippuric acid (Gr. hippos, horse, ouron, urine) is a carboxylic acid and organic compound.  It is found in urine and is formed from the combination of benzoic acid and glycine. Levels of hippuric acid rise with the consumption of phenolic compounds (such as in fruit juice, tea, and wine). The phenols are first converted to benzoic acid, and then to hippuric acid and excreted in urine.

Hippuric acid crystallizes in rhombic prisms which are readily soluble in hot water, melt at 187 °C, and decompose at about 240 °C. High concentrations of hippuric acid may also indicate a toluene intoxication, however, scientists have called this correlation into question, because there are other variables that affect  levels of hippuric acid.  When many aromatic compounds such as benzoic acid and toluene are taken internally, they are converted to hippuric acid by reaction with the amino acid glycine.

Benzoic acid
Benzoic acid (/bɛnˈzoʊ.ɪk/) is a white or colorless crystalline organic compound with the formula C6H5COOH, whose structure consists of a benzene ring (C6H6) with a carboxyl (−C(=O)OH) substituent. The benzoyl group is often abbreviated "Bz" (not to be confused with "Bn", which is used for benzyl), thus benzoic acid is also denoted as BzOH, since the benzoyl group has the formula −C6H5CO. It is the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid. The name is derived from gum benzoin, which was for a long time its only source.

Benzoic acid occurs naturally in many plants and serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. Salts of benzoic acid are used as food preservatives.  Benzoic acid is an important precursor for the industrial synthesis of many other organic substances.  The salts and esters of benzoic acid are known as benzoates (/ˈbɛnzoʊ.eɪts/).
Belgian Antarctic Expedition
The Belgian Antarctic Expedition of 1897–1899 was the first expedition to winter in the Antarctic region. Led by Adrien de Gerlache de Gomery aboard the RV Belgica, it was the first Belgian Antarctic expedition and is considered the first expedition of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Among its members were Frederick Cook and Roald Amundsen, explorers who would later attempt the respective conquests of the North and South Poles.

Adrien de Gerlache
Baron Adrien Victor Joseph de Gerlache de Gomery FRSGS (French pronunciation: [adʁijɛ̃ viktɔʁ ʒozɛf də ʒɛʁlaʃ də ɡɔmʁi]; 2 August 1866 – 4 December 1934) was a Belgian officer in the Belgian Royal Navy who led the Belgian Antarctic Expedition of 1897–99.
2018 Liège–Bastogne–Liège
The 2018 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was a road cycling one-day race that took place on 22 April 2018 in Belgium. It was the 104th edition of the Liège–Bastogne–Liège and the eighteenth event of the 2018 UCI World Tour.

The race was won by the champion of Luxembourg, Bob Jungels (Quick-Step Floors), who escaped on the Côte de la Roche-aux-Faucons. Canadian rider Michael Woods, riding for the EF Education First–Drapac p/b Cannondale team, won the sprint for second place ahead of AG2R La Mondiale's Romain Bardet for France.

2018 UCI World Tour
The 2018 UCI World Tour was a competition that included thirty-seven road cycling events throughout the 2018 men's cycling season. It was the tenth and final edition of the ranking system launched by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) in 2009. The competition began with the opening stage of the Tour Down Under on 16 January and concluded with the final stage of the Tour of Guangxi on 21 October. Belgium's Greg Van Avermaet was the defending champion.
Patterson Creek
Patterson Creek is a 51.2-mile-long (82.4 km) tributary of the North Branch Potomac River in West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle, in the United States. It enters the North Branch east of Cumberland, Maryland, with its headwaters located in Grant County, West Virginia. Patterson Creek is the watershed for two-thirds of Mineral County, West Virginia. The creek passes through Lahmansville, Forman, Medley, Williamsport, Burlington, Headsville, Reeses Mill, Champwood, and Fort Ashby.

North Branch Potomac River
The North Branch Potomac River flows from Fairfax Stone in West Virginia to its confluence with the South Branch Potomac River near Green Spring, West Virginia, where it turns into the Potomac River proper.
Annsville, New York
Annsville is a town in Oneida County, New York, United States. At the 2010 census the town population was 3,012. The town is named after Ann Bloomfield, wife of a founder.

The Town of Annsville is in the northwestern part of the county.

Oneida County, New York
Oneida County (/oʊˈnaɪdə/ oh-NYE-də) is a county in the state of New York, United States. As of February 26, 2024, the population was 226,654. The county seat is Utica.

The county is named in honor of the Oneida, one of the Five Nations of the Iroquois League or Haudenosaunee, which had long occupied this territory at the time of European encounter and colonization. The federally recognized Oneida Indian Nation has had a reservation in the region since the late 18th century, after the American Revolutionary War. The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state. Oneida County is part of the Utica–Rome, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Medtronic
Medtronic plc is an American-Irish medical device company. The company's legal and executive headquarters are in Ireland, while its operational headquarters are in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Medtronic rebased to Ireland following its acquisition of Irish-based Covidien in 2015. While it primarily operates in the United States, it operates in more than 150 countries and employs over 90,000 people. It develops and manufactures healthcare technologies and therapies. It is one of the biggest medical tech companies in the world and is currently the largest medical device company in the world by revenue.

The company has developed several world-first technologies since its inception, including wearable and implantable pacemakers, the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), and remote monitoring systems. They also created miniaturized devices like the world's smallest pacemaker and spinal cord stimulator.

Covidien
Covidien plc was an Irish-headquartered global health care products company and manufacturer of medical devices and supplies. Covidien became an independent publicly traded company after being spun off from Tyco International in 2007. It was purchased by Medtronic in a transaction that closed in 2015. The now-merged company is headquartered in Ireland, where Covidien was based.
Valchava
Valchava is a village in the Val Müstair (Müstair valley) of the canton of Graubünden (Grisons), Switzerland. It was an independent municipality in the district of Inn until on 1 January 2009 Valchava merged with Fuldera, Lü, Müstair, Santa Maria Val Müstair and Tschierv to form Val Müstair.

Santa Maria Val Müstair
Santa Maria Val Müstair (Romansh: Soncha Maria) is a village in the Val Müstair municipality in the district of Inn in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. In 2009 Santa Maria Val Müstair merged with Lü, Müstair, Fuldera, Tschierv and Valchava to form the municipality of Val Müstair.
116th Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 116th Brigade was an infantry formation of the British Army during World War I. Originally raised in December 1914 from locally raised volunteer units of 'Kitchener's Army' known as 'Pals battalions', it was later redesignated and the number was transferred to a different 'Pals' brigade. It fought with 39th Division on the Somme and the Ancre, at Ypres and in the German spring offensive. After the appalling casualties in that campaign it was relegated to a training organisation preparing US Army units for active service. It was disbanded in 1919.

39th Division (United Kingdom)
The 39th Division was an infantry formation of the British Army, raised as part of Kitchener's New Armies during World War I. It did not have a regional title, but was composed primarily of recruits from the Midlands, London, and the south of England. Most of its original units had been raised by local communities, and bore the names of their towns or sponsors. After training and home service, it deployed to the Western Front in early 1916 and saw action at the Somme, at Ypres and against the German spring offensive of 1918. Following near-destruction at the Battle of the Lys, the division was reduced to a cadre, which spent the remainder of the war training newly arrived units of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF). It was disbanded in July 1919 after the end of the war.
RAIL4CHEM
RAIL4CHEM was a German rail freight transport company, and the parent company of a number of European subsidiary rail freight transport companies including rail4chem Benelux B.V. (Rotterdam), the  rail4chem transalpin AG (Basel) and Fer Polska S.A. (Warsaw).

The business was acquired by Veolia Cargo in 2008, which was acquired by SNCF in 2009. In 2010 the company was grouped under SNCF's new freight train brand Captrain, and absorbed into the Captrain Deutschland subdivision, and became a provider to the division of long distance freight trains.

Veolia Cargo
Veolia Cargo was a European rail freight transportation company that operated mainly in France and Germany. On 2 September 2009, the company was acquired by Eurotunnel and SNCF, the deal being finalised on 1 December 2009.
Duplex mismatch
On an Ethernet connection, a  duplex mismatch is a condition where two connected devices operate in different duplex modes, that is, one operates in half duplex while the other one operates in full duplex. The effect of a duplex mismatch is a link that operates inefficiently. Duplex mismatch may be caused by manually setting two connected network interfaces at different duplex modes or by connecting a device that performs autonegotiation to one that is manually set to a full duplex mode.

Autonegotiation
Autonegotiation is a signaling mechanism and procedure used by Ethernet over twisted pair by which two connected devices choose common transmission parameters, such as speed, duplex mode, and flow control. In this process, the connected devices first share their capabilities regarding these parameters and then choose the highest-performance transmission mode they both support.

Autonegotiation for twisted pair is defined in clause 28 of IEEE 802.3. and was originally an optional component in the Fast Ethernet standard. It is backwards compatible with the normal link pulses (NLP) used by 10BASE-T. The protocol was significantly extended in the Gigabit Ethernet standard, and is mandatory for 1000BASE-T gigabit Ethernet over twisted pair.

In the OSI model, autonegotiation resides in the physical layer.
J1 100 Year Vision League
The J1 100 Year Vision League, also known as the Meiji Yasuda J1 100 Year Vision League (Japanese: 明治安田J1百年構想リーグ, Hepburn: Meiji Yasuda J1 Hyakunen Kōsō Rīgu), is an one-off football tournament organised by the Japan Professional Football League held from 6 February to 7 June 2026 and featuring all 20 J1 League clubs. A similar tournament is being held at the same time for J2 and J3 League clubs.

J2–J3 100 Year Vision League
The J2/J3 100 Year Vision League, also known as the Meiji Yasuda J2/J3 100 Year Vision League (Japanese: 明治安田J2・J3百年構想リーグ), is an one-off tournament organised by the Japan Professional Football League and is part of the J.League 100 Year Vision League tournament, scheduled to be held from 7 February to 7 June 2026. All 40 clubs from the J2 League and J3 League will participate.
John Doukas (sebastokrator)
John Doukas, Latinized as Ducas (Greek: Ἰωάννης Δούκας, romanized: Iōannēs Doukas; c. 1125/27 – c. 1200), was the eldest son of Constantine Angelos by Theodora Komnene, the seventh child of the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos and Irene Doukaina. John Doukas took the family name of his grandmother Irene. He served as a military commander under Manuel I Komnenos and Isaac II Angelos. Isaac II, who was Doukas's nephew, raised him to the high rank of sebastokrator. Despite his advanced age, he continued to be an active general in the 1180s and 1190s, and until shortly before his death aspired to the imperial throne. He was the progenitor of the Komnenos Doukas line, which founded the Despotate of Epirus after the Fourth Crusade.

Constantine Angelos
Constantine Angelos (Greek: Κωνσταντῖνος Ἄγγελος; c. 1093 – after 1166) was a Byzantine aristocrat who married into the Komnenian dynasty and served as a military commander under Manuel I Komnenos, serving in the western and northern Balkans and as an admiral against the Normans. He was the founder of the Angelos dynasty, which went on to rule the Byzantine Empire in 1185–1204 and found and rule the Despotate of Epirus (1205–1318) and the Empire of Thessalonica (1224–1242/46).
.mail
.mail was a potential generic top-level domain originally proposed by The Spamhaus Project in 2004, but rejected by ICANN.  Its purpose was to enable responsible message recipients to reliably and efficiently identify and accept spam-free mailstreams.  The ICANN Board issued a resolution on 4 February 2018 to cease the processing of all applications for the .corp, .home, and .mail gTLDs.

.corp
.corp is an ICANN rejected generic top level domain proposed in 2012.  The ICANN Board issued a resolution on February 4, 2018 to cease the processing of all applications for the .corp, .home, and .mail gTLDs.
Psychiatric assistance dog
A psychiatric assistance dog or psychiatric service dog is a sub-category of assistance dog trained to assist their handler with a psychiatric disability or a mental disability, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, ADHD, and bipolar disorder.

A psychiatric assistance dog can assist their handler by providing a safe presence that grounds them; the dog may perhaps lean on the person to provide a calming pressure.

Assistance dog
An assistance dog is a dog that receives specialized training to aid an individual with a disability by helping with everyday tasks. Depending on the country, assistance dogs may have to go through formal training and certification to receive legal recognition, granting them access rights to public spaces, businesses serving the public, means of transportation, and workplace.
Jack Rebello
Joaquim Lourenço "Jack" Rebello (né Rebelo; born 24 February 1967) is an Indian drummer who works on the Konkani stage. The son of musician and pioneer of khell tiatr, Mastor, he began his career around the same time as his younger brother Luis. A leading drummer of Goa, Rebello spent two decades initially playing for Goan cover bands in Delhi.

Luis Rebello
Luis Henrique Carmo Rebello (né Rebelo; 16 July 1970 – 10 May 2015) was an Indian drummer known for his work in tiatr (theatre) productions. The son of musician and khell tiatr pioneer Mastor, he got his big break at the age of 14 in Konkani playwright Menino de Bandar's tiatr Succorina staged in the 1980s.
Live at Monterey
Live at Monterey is an album that contains the performance by the Jimi Hendrix Experience recorded at the Monterey Pop Festival on June 18, 1967. Released on October 16, 2007, it is the third Hendrix album of recordings from Monterey, following Historic Performances Recorded at the Monterey International Pop Festival (1970) and Jimi Plays Monterey (1986).

Jimi Plays Monterey
Jimi Plays Monterey is a posthumous live album by Jimi Hendrix released in February 1986. It documents the Jimi Hendrix Experience's performance at the Monterey Pop Festival on June 18, 1967. 
In 2007, it was superseded by Live at Monterey, produced under the auspices of the family-controlled Experience Hendrix.

Jimi Plays Monterey is also a film directed by D. A. Pennebaker and Chris Hegedus documenting the same performance as the album, also released in 1986. It is notable for containing several interviews with rock stars, and containing an art piece by Denny Dent during the performance of "Can You See Me", as the song was not filmed.
AVRO
AVRO, short for Algemene Vereniging Radio Omroep ("General Association of Radio Broadcasting"), was a Dutch public broadcasting association operating within the framework of the Nederlandse Publieke Omroep system. It was the first public broadcaster in the Netherlands. In 2014 AVRO merged with fellow broadcaster TROS to form AVROTROS.

TROS
TROS, originally an acronym for Televisie Radio Omroep Stichting ("Television Radio Broadcasting Foundation"), was a Dutch television and radio organisation part of the Dutch public broadcasting system. This broadcasting association was particularly well known for its entertainment programmes, quizzes and focus on Dutch folk music in programmes like Tros Muziekfeest op het Plein and the digital channel Sterren 24.

In 2014 TROS merged with fellow broadcaster AVRO to form AVROTROS.
Butter tea
Butter tea, also known as bho jha or po cha (Tibetan: བོད་ཇ་, Wylie: bod ja, THL: bö ja, "Tibetan tea"), cha süma (Tibetan: ཇ་སྲུབ་མ་, Wylie: ja srub ma, THL: ja sup ma, "churned tea") in Standard Tibetan, sūyóu chá (酥油茶) in Mandarin Chinese, su ja (Tibetan script: སུ་ཇ, Wylie: suja, "churned tea") in Dzongkha, cha su-kan or gur gur cha in the Ladakhi language, and su chya or phe chya in the Sherpa language, is a drink of the people in the Himalayan regions of Nepal, Bhutan, India, Pakistan especially in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit-Baltistan, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, East Turkestan, Tibet, and western regions of modern-day China and Central Asia. Traditionally, it is made from tea leaves, yak butter, water, tsampa (roasted barley flour) and salt, although butter made from cow's milk is increasingly used, given its wider availability and lower cost.

Tsampa
Tsampa or tsamba (Tibetan: རྩམ་པ་, Wylie: rtsam pa; Chinese: 糌粑; pinyin: zānbā) is a Tibetan and Himalayan staple foodstuff; it is also prominent in parts of northern Nepal. It is a glutinous meal made from roasted flour, usually barley flour and sometimes also wheat flour and flour prepared from tree peony seeds.  It is usually mixed with Tibetan butter tea. It is also eaten in Turkestan and Mongolia, where it is known as zamba.
Scottish Bus Group
The Scottish Bus Group (SBG) was a state-owned group of bus operators covering the whole of mainland Scotland.

The origin of the grouping was the operators owned by and including the Scottish Motor Traction company, which were transferred to Scottish Omnibuses after nationalisation in 1948 under control of the British Transport Commission. Highland Omnibuses was added to the group in 1952.

A new holding company, Scottish Omnibuses Group (Holdings) was formed in 1961, and this was renamed Scottish Bus Group in 1963. Meanwhile, the group had come under control of the Transport Holding Company in 1962 when the British Transport Commission was wound up. It went on to become part of the Scottish Transport Group on 1 January 1969 along with David MacBrayne. At the time it operated 4,700 buses.

Highland Scottish
Highland Scottish Omnibuses Ltd was formed as a bus operating subsidiary of the Scottish Transport Group in June 1985 from Highland Omnibuses Ltd, and operated until October 1995 when the company was split into two - Highland Bus & Coach and Highland Country Buses.  The companies have since remerged and operate today as Highland Country Buses. It is now Stagecoach Highlands.