hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Features of the Marvel Cinematic Universe
The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) media franchise features many elements, including locations, weapons, and artifacts. Many are based on elements that originally appeared in the American comic books published by Marvel Comics, while others were created for the MCU.

Teams and organizations of the Marvel Cinematic Universe
The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe centered on superhero films and other series starring various titular superheroes independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters. Over the course of the films and related media (such as Disney+ miniseries), several teams and organizations have been formed, each with different aims and purposes.
Japanese iris
The term "Japanese iris" encompasses three species of Irises cultivated in gardens or growing wild in Japan: hanashōbu (Iris ensata), kakitsubata (Iris laevigata) and ayame (Iris sanguinea). Of these three species, I. ensata is the one most commonly referred to as "Japanese iris" outside Japan.

The bluish purple color of the flowers of the Japanese garden iris is an example of the copigmentation phenomenon.

Iris laevigata
Iris laevigata, known as Japanese iris, rabbit-ear iris, or shallow-flowered iris (Japanese: kakitsubata カキツバタ), is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae, native to Japan. It is related to other members of Iris subgenus Limniris, including other species of Japanese irises.

It is found growing in shallow waters and seems to prefer marshy and still ponds, although it can also be grown in damp soil if conditions are right. Flowers are usually blue, purple, or violet and have unique colour patterns, including some types with predominantly white flowers with blue spots (washino-o), and dark purples bordered with white (maikujaku).

Synonyms include I. albopurpurea and I. phragmitetorum.
Miss USA 1996
Miss USA 1996 was the 45th Miss USA pageant, held at South Padre Island Convention Centre on South Padre Island, Texas culminating in the final competition and crowning on February 2, 1996.

At the conclusion of the final competition, Ali Landry of Louisiana was crowned by outgoing titleholder Shanna Moakler of New York. Landry had previously won the Miss Louisiana Teen USA title and placed seventh at Miss Teen USA 1990.

The pageant was held on South Padre Island for the third and final time.  It was hosted by Bob Goen for the third time, and Maty Monfort offered colour commentary.  Aaron Neville provided entertainment during the competition.

This was also the first year that the Miss Universe Organization opened a website dedicated to the pageant, and the first time they instituted an internet vote to choose the winner of the Miss Photogenic award.

Miss Louisiana USA
The  Miss Louisiana USA competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the state of Louisiana in the Miss USA pageant.

Miss Louisiana USA is produced by A Blaize Productions since 2025, which also produces the Miss USA and Miss Teen USA state pageants for Alabama, North Carolina, and South Carolina. A Blaize Productions' headquarters is in Atlanta, Georgia.

Francie Millan of New Orleans was crowned Miss Louisiana USA 2025 on September 20, 2025, at Bologna Performing Arts Center in Cleveland. She represented Louisiana at Miss USA 2025.
Alexander ALX200
The Alexander ALX200 was a single-decker bus body built by Alexander of the United Kingdom. It was created for low-floor bus chassis produced from the late 1990s and was launched in spring 1996 as a low-floor replacement of the Alexander Dash. It was marketed in Alexander's 'ALX' series to fill in the gap between the ALX100 minibus and the ALX300 full-size single-decker.

Walter Alexander Coachbuilders
Walter Alexander Coachbuilders was a Scottish builder of bus and coach bodywork based in Falkirk.  The company was formed in 1947 to continue the coachbuilding activities of W. Alexander & Sons when their bus service operation was nationalised.  After several mergers and changes of ownership it now forms part of Alexander Dennis.
Sharon Quirk-Silva
Sharon Quirk-Silva (born September 17, 1962) is an American politician and educator serving as a member of the California State Assembly, representing the 65th Assembly district, which includes portions of northern Orange County, including La Palma, Cypress, Fullerton and Buena Park.

Fullerton, California
Fullerton (/ˈfʊlərtən/ FULL-er-tun) is a city in northern Orange County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 143,617.

Fullerton was founded in 1887. It secured the land on behalf of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. Historically it was a center of agriculture, notably groves of Valencia oranges and other citrus crops, as well as petroleum extraction; transportation; and manufacturing. It is home to numerous higher educational institutions, particularly California State University, Fullerton and Fullerton College. From the mid-1940s through the late 1990s, Fullerton was home to a large industrial base made up of aerospace contractors, canneries, paper products manufacturers, and is considered to be the birthplace of the electric guitar, due in large part to Leo Fender. The headquarters of Vons, which is owned by Albertsons, is located in Fullerton near the Fullerton–Anaheim line.
Bekonscot
Bekonscot Model Village and Railway is a model village built in the 1920s in Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, UK at a scale of one inch to one foot. It portrays aspects of England mostly dating from the 1930s and contains several fictitious villages featuring replicas of notable local buildings. The model railway has almost 10 scale miles (400 m) of tracks and in 2001, a 7 1/4 in gauge railway was opened to transport visitors. Bekonscot has become both a popular tourist location and a part of English culture. It is commonly referred to as the oldest surviving model village in the UK and by 2020, had received over 14 million visitors. Authors such as Enid Blyton, Mary Norton and Will Self have been inspired by the village.

Miniature park
A miniature park is a display of miniature buildings and models, usually as a recreational and tourist attraction open to the public. A miniature park may contain a model of a single city or town, often called a miniature city or model village, or it can contain a number of different sets of models.
Military history of the Mali Empire
The military history of the Mali Empire is that of the armed forces of the Mali Empire, which dominated Western Africa from the mid 13th to the late 15th century.  The military culture of the empire's driving force, Mandinka people, influenced many later states in West Africa including break-away powers such as the Songhay and Jolof empires.  Institutions from the Mali Empire also survived in the 19th century army of Samory Ture who saw himself as the heir to Old Mali's legacy.

Battle of Kirina
The Battle of Kirina, also known as the Battle of Krina or siege of Karina (c. 1235), was a confrontation between Sosso king Sumanguru Kanté and Mandinka prince Sundiata Keita. Sundiata Keita's forces roundly defeated those of Sumanguru Kanté, guaranteeing the pre-eminence of Keita's new Mali Empire over West Africa.
Martín Sabbatella
Martín Sabbatella (born 14 April 1970) is an Argentine politician and leader of the New Encounter party. From 1999 to 2009, he was intendente (mayor) of Morón, a partido in the Greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area. He was also a member of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies from 2009 to 2013, and director of the Federal Authority for Audiovisual Communication Services from 2012 to 2015. From 2020 to 2023, Sabbatella was the chairman of the Matanza–Riachuelo Basin Authority (ACUMAR).

New Encounter
Encounter for Democracy and Equality (Spanish: Encuentro por la Democracia y la Equidad; EDE), more commonly known as New Encounter (Spanish: Nuevo Encuentro) is a Kirchnerist political party in Argentina founded in 2004 by then-mayor of Morón, Martín Sabbatella. The party now forms part of the Unión por la Patria, the coalition which supported former president Alberto Fernández and Sergio Massa's presidential campaign.

From 2009 to 2015, the party was aligned with the Communist Party and the Solidary Party in a front called New Encounter, from which the EDE took its current common name.
New York accent
The sound system of New York City English is popularly known as a New York accent. The  accent of the New York metropolitan area is one of the most recognizable in the United States, largely due to its popular stereotypes and portrayal in radio, film, and television. Several other common names exist based on more specific locations, such as Bronx accent, Brooklyn accent, Queens accent, Long Island accent, and North Jersey accent. Research supports the continued classification of all of these under a single label, despite some common assumptions among locals that they meaningfully differ. Accents elsewhere in New York State largely fall under the separate classification of Inland Northern U.S. accents.

The following is an overview of the phonological structures and variations within the accent.

New York Latino English
American English as primarily spoken by Hispanic and Latino Americans on the East Coast of the United States demonstrates considerable influence from New York City English and African-American Vernacular English, with certain additional features borrowed from the Spanish language. Though not currently confirmed to be a single stabilized dialect, this variety has received some attention in the academic literature, being recently labelled New York Latino English, referring to its city of twentieth-century origin, or, more inclusively, East Coast Latino English. In the 1970s scholarship, the variety was more narrowly called (New York) Puerto Rican English or Nuyorican English.
Natasha Wylde
Natasha Wylde is a fictional character from the British soap opera Emmerdale played by Amanda Donohoe. She made her first appearance, along with her husband Mark Wylde (Maxwell Caulfield), on 15 January 2009. It was announced in July 2010 that Donohoe had quit her role as Natasha, and would leave the series later in the year. She made her final appearance on 24 November 2010.

Faye Lamb
Faye Lamb is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Emmerdale, played by Kim Thomson. She made her first on-screen appearance on 27 March 2009. In January 2011, it was announced that Thomson had quit the series, and she departed on 24 March of that year.
Crested Butte, Colorado
Crested Butte is a home rule town located in Gunnison County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 1,639 at the 2020 United States census. A former coal mining town nestled in the Slate River Valley, Crested Butte is now known as a destination for skiing, mountain biking, and outdoor activities.

Gunnison County, Colorado
Gunnison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,918. The county seat is Gunnison. The county was named for John W. Gunnison, a United States Army officer and captain in the Army Topographical Engineers, who surveyed for the transcontinental railroad in 1853.
Plymouth Charter Township, Michigan
Plymouth Township is a charter township in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A western suburb of Detroit, Plymouth Township is located roughly 27 miles (43.5 km) northwest of downtown Detroit, and 16 miles (25.7 km) northeast of Ann Arbor. As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 27,938.  It surrounds, but is independent of, the city of Plymouth.

Plymouth, Michigan
Plymouth is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A western suburb of Detroit, Plymouth is located roughly 27 miles (43.5 km) northwest of downtown Detroit, and 18 miles (29.0 km) northeast of Ann Arbor. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 9,370.  It is surrounded by, but independent of, Plymouth Township.
Menomena
Menomena /mɪˈnɒmɪnə/ is an indie rock band from Portland, Oregon, United States, made up of Justin Harris and Danny Seim. Both members of the band share singing duties and frequently swap instruments while recording. In concert, Seim plays drums, while Harris swaps between a number of instruments.

Ramona Falls (band)
Ramona Falls is an indie rock project founded by Brent Knopf and based in Portland, Oregon. The band name is taken from a waterfall located near Mount Hood, a place where Knopf used to hike as a child. Brent Knopf co-founded Menomena before departing in 2011, and is also one-half of EL VY, a collaboration with The National's Matt Berninger.
Clinch fighting
Clinch fighting or trapping is the part of stand-up fighting where the combatants are grappling in a clinch, typically using clinch holds. Clinching the opponent can be used to eliminate the opponent's effective usage of some kicks, punches, and melee weapons. The clinch can also be used as a medium to switch from stand-up fighting to ground fighting by using takedowns, throws or sweeps.

Clinch fighting is emphasized in both striking martial arts, such as Kun Khmer, Muay Thai, Lethwei, Boxing, and Sanda, as well as grappling martial arts, such as Wrestling, Judo, Sumo, Sambo and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu.

Grappling hold
A grappling hold, commonly referred to simply as a hold that in Japanese is referred to as katame-waza (固め技 "grappling technique"), is any specific grappling, wrestling, judo, or other martial art grip that is applied to an opponent. Grappling holds are used principally to control the opponent and to advance in points or positioning. The holds may be categorized by their function, such as clinching, pinning, or submission, while others can be classified by their anatomical effect: chokehold, headlock, joint-lock, or compression lock. Multiple categories may be appropriate for some of these holds.
Ultimate Comics: X-Men
Ultimate Comics: X-Men was an ongoing monthly comic-book series published by Marvel Comics. It made its debut in September 2011 as part of the second re-launch of "Ultimate Marvel", though was canceled in 2013. Through the "Ultimate Universe Reborn" tagline following the "Death of Spider-Man", and written by Nick Spencer with art by Paco Medina, the series serves as a continuation of earlier titles such as Ultimate X-Men, Ultimate Comics: X, and the Ultimate Comics: Fallout mini-series. This title also exists alongside other relaunched Ultimate Marvel works, including Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man and Ultimate Comics: Ultimates.

Ultimate Comics X-Men was relaunched on March 6, 2024 with Peach Momoko's Ultimate X-Men. Ultimate Universe #1.

Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man
Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man was a monthly comic book series published by Marvel Comics that debuted in September 2011 as part of the second re-launch of the Ultimate Marvel imprint. It followed the "Death of Spider-Man" storyline that concluded the series Ultimate Spider-Man, to which Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man served as a sequel. Written by Brian Michael Bendis and illustrated by Sara Pichelli, the series also served as a continuation of elements from the miniseries Ultimate Comics: Fallout and focuses on the all-new Spider-Man, Miles Morales. The series was set in a continuity shared with other relaunched Ultimate Marvel titles including Ultimate Comics: X-Men and Ultimate Comics: Ultimates. The title ended in October 2013; the adventures of Miles continue in Miles Morales: Ultimate Spider-Man, released in July 2014.
Henriad
In Shakespearean scholarship, the Henriad refers to a group of William Shakespeare's history plays depicting the rise of the English kings. It is sometimes used to refer to a group of four plays (a tetralogy), but some sources and scholars use the term to refer to eight plays. In the 19th century, Algernon Charles Swinburne used the term to refer to three plays, but that use is not current.

In one sense, the Henriad refers to: Richard II; Henry IV, Part 1; Henry IV, Part 2; and Henry V – with the implication that these four plays are Shakespeare's epic, and that Prince Hal, who later becomes Henry V, is the epic hero. (This group may also be referred to as the "second tetralogy" or "second Henriad".)

In a more inclusive meaning, the Henriad refers to eight plays: the tetralogy mentioned above, plus four plays that were written earlier, based on the civil wars now known as The Wars of the Roses – Henry VI, Part 1; Henry VI, Part 2; Henry VI, Part 3; and Richard III.

Richard II (play)
The Life and Death of King Richard the Second (1595), also Richard II, is a Shakespearean history play about the lifetime and reign of King Richard II of England (r. 1377–1399). As a dramatised period history of the English monarchy, Richard II chronicles the machinations of the noblemen of the royal court who conspire, precipitate, and realise the downfall and death of the King of England.

As the first work in the Henriad tetralogy of English history plays, the political narrative of Richard II is thematically followed throughout the stories of Henry IV, Part 1, Henry IV, Part 2, and Henry V, which also are histories of the reigns of his royal successors to the Throne of England. Although the First Folio (1623) classifies The Life and Death of Richard the Second as an English history play, the earlier Quarto edition (1597) classifies Richard II as a tragedy, under the title The Tragedie of King Richard the Second.
Tensaw, Alabama
Tensaw is an unincorporated community in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States.  It is part of the Daphne–Fairhope–Foley Micropolitan Statistical Area and is the home of historic Fort Mims.

The name Tensaw is derived from the historic indigenous Taensa people. A post office operated under the name Tensaw from 1807 to 1953.

Three former stockade forts used during the Creek War (part of the War of 1812), were located near Tensaw: Fort Mims (site of the Fort Mims massacre), Fort Montgomery, and Fort Pierce.

Fort Mims massacre
The Fort Mims massacre occurred on August 30, 1813, at a fortified homestead site 35–40 miles north of Mobile, Alabama, during the Creek War. A large force of Creek Indians belonging to the Red Sticks faction, under the command of Peter McQueen and William Weatherford, stormed the fort and defeated the militia garrison.

The Red Sticks performed the massacre, killing almost all the remaining mixed Creek, white settlers, and militia at Fort Mims. Afterward, they took nearly 100 enslaved African Americans as captives. The small fort consisted of a blockhouse and stockade surrounding the house and outbuildings of settler Samuel Mims.
PT-76
The PT-76 is a Soviet amphibious light tank that was introduced in the early 1950s and soon became the standard reconnaissance tank of the Soviet Army and the other Warsaw Pact armed forces. It was widely exported to other friendly states, like India, Indonesia, Iraq, Syria, North Korea and North Vietnam.

The tank's full name is Floating Tank–76 (плавающий танк, plavayushchiy tank, or ПТ-76, PT-76). 76 stands for the caliber of the main armament: the 76.2 mm D-56T series rifled tank gun.

The PT-76 is used in the reconnaissance and fire-support roles. Its chassis served as the basis for a number of other vehicle designs, many of them amphibious, including the BTR-50 armoured personnel carrier, the ZSU-23-4 self-propelled anti aircraft gun, the ASU-85 airborne self-propelled gun and the 2K12 Kub anti-aircraft missile launch vehicle.

Model 1981 "Shin'heung"
The Model 1981 "Shin'heung" (Rise), in western countries known as the PT-85, is a North Korean amphibious light tank. It is built for the needs of their army, with around 500 examples operated. The Model 1981 "Shin'heung is based on the lengthened VTT-323 APC chassis, and although the turret appears similar to PT-76, the PT-85 has a higher horseshoe-shaped turret, with an 85 mm gun and hatches similar to those of a T-54. The US Department of Defence calls it the M-1985.
American Sociological Review
The American Sociological Review (abbreviated ASR) is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes original research and book reviews in the field of sociology and related social sciences. It is published by SAGE Publications on behalf of the American Sociological Association. It was established in 1936. Along with the American Journal of Sociology, it is considered one of the top journals in the academic field of sociology. The editors-in-chief are David Cort (University of Massachusetts Amherst), Laurel Smith-Doerr (University of Massachusetts Amherst), and Donald Tomaskovic-Devey (University of Massachusetts Amherst).

American Sociological Association
The American Sociological Association (ASA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing the discipline and profession of sociology. Founded in December 1905 as the American Sociological Society at Johns Hopkins University by a group of fifty people, the first president of the association was Lester Frank Ward. Today, most of its members work in academia, while around 20 percent of them work in government, business, or non-profit organizations.

ASA publishes ten academic journals and magazines, along with four section journals, including the American Sociological Review and Contexts.

The ASA had 9,893 members in 2023, as an association of sociologists even larger than the International Sociological Association. It is composed of researchers, students, college/university faculty, high school faculty, and various practitioners The "American Sociological Association Annual Meeting" is an annual academic conference held by the association consisting of over 4,000 participants.
Rise (The Answer album)
Rise is the debut album by Northern Ireland rock band the Answer. It has sold in excess of 30,000 copies in the UK and Europe and 10,000 on day one in Japan.

The album was recorded at Olympic Studio 1 at the Monnow Valley Studio in Wales and the Albert Studio in London during the fall of 2005. Produced by Andy Bradfield and Avril MacKintosh, the Albert Productions team (with back room production from George Young) and Neal Calderwood from the band's hometown.

Tracks released from the album were "Never Too Late", "Into the Gutter", "Under the Sky", "Come Follow Me" and "Be What You Want".

Their website initially stated that Rise should have been released in the United States by December 2010. However, since signing with Napalm Records, they announced that re-releases of the Answer's back catalogue would be released in the United States and other key territories in the near future. It was eventually released in the US in late 2013.

The Answer (band)
The Answer are a hard rock band from Newcastle and Downpatrick, County Down, Northern Ireland, UK. They have achieved success with their debut album Rise selling in excess of 30,000 copies in the UK and Europe, 10,000 on day one in Japan and 100,000 worldwide.