hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bruce Hurst
Bruce Vee Hurst (born March 24, 1958) is an American former Major League Baseball left-handed starting pitcher. He is best remembered for his performance for the Boston Red Sox in the 1986 postseason, where he won two games while allowing only two runs total. Prior to the miraculous Game 6 comeback by the New York Mets, he was the presumed World Series MVP. Two days later, in Game 7, Hurst was sent out to pitch the decisive game for the Sox, but he left with a no-decision when Boston saw a three run lead turn into a tie in the sixth with Hurst on the mound (New York eventually won the game and the Series); Hurst pitched a total of 23 innings, most among any pitcher in the Series and allowed five earned runs.

World Series Most Valuable Player Award
The Willie Mays World Series Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award is given to the Major League Baseball (MLB) player deemed to have the most impact on his team's performance in the World Series, which is the final round of the MLB postseason. The award was first presented in 1955 by Sport magazine, but since 1985 has been officially presented by MLB. The winner is determined during the final game of the World Series by a committee of reporters and officials present at the game.

On September 29, 2017, the award was renamed in honor of Willie Mays in remembrance of the 63rd anniversary of The Catch, which occurred the year before the award's debut; Mays never won the award himself.
Große Olympiaschanze
The Große Olympiaschanze (English: Great Olympic Hill) is a large (K-125) ski jumping hill located on the Gudiberg, south of the district of Partenkirchen of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Bavaria, Germany, and is traditionally the venue of the Four Hills Tournament's New Year's jumping. The hill is part of a complex that also includes the K-80, K-43 and K-20 ski hills.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʁmɪʃ paʁtn̩ˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ; Bavarian: Garmasch-Partakurch) is an Alpine ski town in Bavaria, southern Germany. It is the seat of government of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen (abbreviated GAP), in the Oberbayern region, which borders Austria. Nearby is Germany's highest mountain, Zugspitze, at 2,962 metres (9,718 ft) above sea level.

The town is known as the site of the 1936 Winter Olympic Games, the first to include alpine skiing, and hosts a variety of winter sports competitions.
Museum of Historical Treasures of Ukraine
The Treasury of the National Museum of the History of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Скарбниця Національного музею історії України, formerly the Museum of Historical Treasures of Ukraine) is a museum that serves as a branch of the National Museum of the History of Ukraine. The exposition focuses on historical and artistic artefacts made of precious metals and gemstones. It is located on the territory of the National Reserve "Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra".

National Museum of the History of Ukraine
The National Museum of the History of Ukraine (stylized MIST, Ukrainian: Національний музей історії України, romanized: Natsionalnyi muzei istorii Ukrainy) illustrates Ukraine's history from ancient times to the present. It is one of the leading museums in Ukraine. It holds about 800,000 items in its collection, and usually has approximately 22,000 items on permanent display. The museum holds world-famous archaeological, numismatic, ethnographic and weapons collections, examples of decorative and applied arts, manuscripts, prints, paintings and drawings, as well as relics of the Ukrainian national liberation movement of the 20th century.
Livilla
Claudia Livia (Classical Latin: CLAVDIA•LIVIA; c. 13 BC – AD 31) was the only daughter of Nero Claudius Drusus and Antonia Minor and sister to Roman Emperor Claudius and general Germanicus, and thus paternal aunt of emperor Caligula and maternal great-aunt of emperor Nero, as well as the niece and daughter-in-law of Tiberius. She was named after her grandmother, Augustus' wife Livia Drusilla, and commonly known by her family nickname Livilla ("little Livia"). She was born after Germanicus and before Claudius.

She was twice married to the potential successor in the Julio-Claudian dynasty, first to Augustus' grandson Gaius Caesar (died AD 4) and later to Tiberius' son Drusus the Younger (died AD 23). Allegedly, she helped her lover Sejanus in poisoning her second husband and died shortly after Sejanus fell from power in AD 31.

Julio-Claudian dynasty
The Julio-Claudian dynasty comprised the first five Roman emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero.

This line of emperors ruled the Roman Empire, from its formation (under Augustus, in 27 BC) until the last of the line, Emperor Nero, committed suicide (in AD 68).

The name Julio-Claudian is a historiographical term, deriving from the two families composing the imperial dynasty: the Julii Caesares and Claudii Nerones.
1st Somersetshire Engineers
The 1st Somersetshire Engineers was a volunteer unit of Britain's Royal Engineers (RE) whose history dated back to 1868. As the engineer component of the 43rd (Wessex) Division, the unit served in both World Wars, distinguishing itself at the assault crossing of the River Seine at Vernon in August 1944 and in the doomed attempt to relieve the 1st Airborne Division at Arnhem. A detachment also served as airborne engineers in Sicily, Italy and at Arnhem. Their successors served on in the Territorial Army until 1967.

43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division
The 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division was an infantry division of Britain's Territorial Army (TA). The division was first formed in 1908, as the Wessex Division. During the First World War, it was broken-up and never served as a complete formation. It was reformed in the TA in 1920, and then served in the campaign in North West Europe from June 1944 until May 1945, during the Second World War. The division suffered heavy casualties and gained an excellent reputation. After the Second World War, the division formed part of the postwar TA, and became the 43rd (Wessex) Division/District in 1961. It was finally disbanded in 1967.
Journey to the Seventh Planet
Journey to the Seventh Planet is a 1962 Danish-American science fiction film. It was directed by Sid Pink, written by Pink and Ib Melchior, and shot in Denmark with a budget of only US$75,000.

Uranus, the seventh planet in the Solar System, has not been charted by the United Nations' Space Fleet. Therefore, in 2001, an international crew has been dispatched to Uranus by the United Nations, which has become a world government, on a space exploration mission. The film's ideas of astronauts exploring outer space only to confront their inner mindscapes and memories precede the similar-themed 1972 film Solaris by a full decade (although the novel Solaris was published a year prior to this film). The film is also reminiscent of Ray Bradbury's 1948 short story "Mars Is Heaven!" and the manifestations of the subconscious in "Forbidden Planet".

Sidney W. Pink
Sidney W. Pink (1916-2002) was an American film producer and occasional director. He has been called the father of feature-length 3-D movies. He is also noted for producing early Spaghetti Westerns and low-budget science-fiction films, and for his role in actor Dustin Hoffman's transition from stage to screen.

Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1916, Pink died in 2002 at his home in Pompano Beach, Florida, following a long illness.
Manuel Pavía y Rodríguez de Alburquerque
Manuel Pavia y Rodriguez de Alburquerque (2 August 1828 – 4 January 1895) was a Spanish general, who was an important part of Spanish political life during the second half of the 19th century. He participated in the Revolution of 1868, which removed Isabella II from power, and led the coup d'état which brought down the First Spanish Republic, giving way to the Restoration and the rule of Isabella's son Alfonso XII.

Francisco Serrano, 1st Duke of la Torre
Francisco Serrano Domínguez, 1st Duke of la Torre, Grandee of Spain, Count of San Antonio (17 December 1810 – 25 November 1885) was a Spanish marshal and statesman. He was Prime Minister of Spain in 1868–69 and regent in 1869–70.
Chitlapakkam
Chitlapakkam is a residential locality located in Chennai Metropolitan Area governed by the Tambaram City Municipal Corporation. It is well known for its small, perennial lake and adjoining ecosystems.

Tambaram City Municipal Corporation
Tambaram City Municipal Corporation (TCMC) is a local government of the City of Tambaram within the Chennai Metropolitan Area of Tamil Nadu, India. It covers an area of 87.64 sq. km in the Chengalpattu district, and has a population of 722,982.

It is one of the four municipal corporations located within the Chennai Metropolitan Area, the other three being the Greater Chennai Corporation, Avadi City Municipal Corporation and Kanchipuram Municipal Corporation. Tambaram is the 20th civic body to become a municipal corporation in Tamil Nadu.
Conference House
Conference House (also known as Billop House) is a stone house in the Tottenville neighborhood of Staten Island in New York City. Built by Captain Christopher Billopp some time before 1680, it is located in Conference House Park near Ward's Point, the southernmost tip of New York state, which became known as "Billop's Point" in the 18th century.

The Staten Island Peace Conference, an unsuccessful attempt to find a swift negotiated end to the American Revolutionary War, was hosted there by his heir and grandson, Colonel  Christopher Billop, on September 11, 1776. The house, a National and New York City Landmark, is located at Conference House Park overlooking Raritan Bay. The house is also located within the Ward's Point Conservation Area, separately added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Christopher Billop
Colonel Christopher Billopp (c. 1738 – March 29, 1827) was an American-born military officer and politician who served in the American Revolutionary War. During the conflict, he was nicknamed the "Tory Colonel" by Patriots. After the conflict ended in 1783, Billopp emigrated to New Brunswick along with other Loyalists and became a politician, representing Saint John in the 1st New Brunswick Legislative Assembly.
Trevor Charpie
Trevor Michael Charpie (born December 30, 1993) is an American baseball coach and former pitcher, who is the current head baseball coach for the Youngstown State Penguins. He played college baseball at Tennessee from 2013 to 2014, Saddleback College in 2015 and Nevada in 2016 and 2017. He then played professionally from 2017 to 2022 in the Tampa Bay Rays organization and for the Joliet Slammers.

Youngstown State Penguins baseball
The Youngstown State Penguins baseball team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Youngstown State University in Youngstown, Ohio, United States. The team is a member of the Horizon League, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. The team plays its home games at 7 17 Credit Union Field at Eastwood in Niles, Ohio. The Penguins are coached by Trevor Charpie.
Ghaziabad district
Ghaziabad district (pronounced [ɣaːziːaːˈbaːd̪ ˈzɪla]) is a largely suburban district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. It is also a core part of the National Capital Region.  The city of Ghaziabad is the administrative headquarters of the district. This district is part of Meerut Division. It has become a major bedroom community for Delhi.

Gautam Buddha Nagar district
Gautam Buddha Nagar district is a district of Uttar Pradesh, named after Gautama Buddha. It is a part of Delhi National Capital Region and is divided into 3 sub-divisions (Tehsils) of Noida, Dadri and Jewar. Greater Noida is the administrative headquarters of Gautam Buddha Nagar district. Noida, Greater Noida, Dadri, Jewar, YEIDA City and Dankaur fall under this district.
Stefan Branković
Stefan Branković (Serbian Cyrillic: Стефан Бранковић; c. 1417 – 9 October 1476), also known in historiography as Stefan the Blind (Стефан Слепи), was briefly the despot (ruler) of the Serbian Despotate between 1458 and 1459. He was the last ruling member of the Branković dynasty.

Serbian Despotate
The Serbian Despotate (Serbian: Српска деспотовина / Srpska despotovina) was a medieval Serbian state in the first half of the 15th century. Although the Battle of Kosovo in 1389 is mistakenly considered the end of medieval Serbia, the Despotate, a successor of the Serbian Empire and Moravian Serbia, lasted for another 70 years, experiencing a cultural, economic, and political renaissance, especially during the reign of Despot Stefan Lazarević. After the death of Despot Đurađ Branković in 1456, the Despotate continued to exist for another three years before it finally fell under Ottoman rule in 1459.

After 1459, political traditions of the Serbian Despotate continued to exist in exile, in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary, with several titular despots of Serbia, who were appointed by kings of Hungary. The last titular Despot of Serbia was Pavle Bakić, who fell in the Battle of Gorjani in 1537.
Villa Crespo y San Andrés
Villa Crespo y San Andrés is a small town or populated centre in the Canelones Department of southern Uruguay. Together with its neighbouring Toledo, they form a population centre of about 13,800. They are both part of the wider metropolitan area of Montevideo.

Toledo, Uruguay
Toledo is a small city in the Canelones Department of Uruguay. Together with Villa Crespo y San Andrés and several other urban centres, it forms a municipality of more than 14,000, which is also generally known as Toledo, although the censual area of Toledo itself has only about 4,400 inhabitants, according to the 2011 census. They are both part of the wider metropolitan area of Montevideo.

The Uruguayan Military School is located in the area.
Platypterygius
Platypterygius is a historically paraphyletic genus of platypterygiine ichthyosaur from the Cretaceous period. It was historically used as a wastebasket taxon, and most species within Platypterygius likely are undiagnostic at the genus or species level, or represent distinct genera, even being argued as invalid. While fossils referred to Platypterygius have been found throughout different continents, the holotype specimen was found in Germany.

Pervushovisaurus
Pervushovisaurus is a genus of platypterygiine ichthyosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of the Melovatka Formation in the Saratov region in western Russia, the La Penthiève Beds of France and the Cambridge area of the UK.
CFB Clinton
Canadian Forces Base Clinton, CFB Clinton for short, was a Canadian Forces Base located near Clinton, Ontario. It initially opened in July 1941 as RAF Station Clinton under the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan as a training unit for radar operators during a period when radar was a top secret device. UK, Canadian, US and other servicemen were trained at Clinton, with practical flights being carried out at nearby RCAF Station Centralia. Clinton remained the primary radar training site for Canadian Forces personnel through the Cold War era, with continued expansions throughout the 1950s and 60s. As part of a centralization effort, CFB Clinton was closed in 1971, with the site abandoned by 1972. A number of buildings remain on the site, including a large "golf ball" radome.

RCAF Station Centralia
RCAF Station Centralia was a Royal Canadian Air Force training base located just outside the village of Centralia near Exeter, Ontario, Canada. It became one of the largest training stations in Canada. It was turned over to civilian use after 1967, and currently operates as the Centralia/James T. Field Memorial Aerodrome.
Denis Galanin
Denis Galanin (born 26 April 1983) is a Russian video game developer and children's picture book author. He is best known for the creation of several award-winning art games such as Hamlet and The Franz Kafka Videogame.

Hamlet (video game)
Hamlet or the Last Game without MMORPG Features, Shaders and Product Placement (Russian: Гамлет, или последняя игра без MMORPG-элементов, шейдеров и рекламы, also known as Hamlet on Android and Hamlet! on iOS) is an indie adventure game based on William Shakespeare's Hamlet. It was developed and published by indie game developer Denis Galanin.
Pacific States Telephone & Telegraph Co. v. Oregon
Pacific States Telephone & Telegraph Co. v. Oregon, 223 U.S. 118 (1912), was a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States involving the constitutionality of the citizens' initiative and the enforceability of the Guarantee Clause of the Constitution. In an opinion authored by Chief Justice Edward Douglass White, a unanimous Court rejected a corporation's argument that the Guarantee Clause forbade Oregon's initiative process, citing Luther v. Borden to conclude that such claims presented political questions and thus were non-justiciable.

Guarantee Clause
The Guarantee Clause, also known as the Republican Form of Government Clause, is in Article IV, Section 4 of the United States Constitution. It requires the United States to guarantee every state a republican form of government and provide protection from invasion and domestic violence.
Entropic risk measure
In financial mathematics (concerned with mathematical modeling of financial markets), the entropic risk measure is a risk measure which depends on the risk aversion of the user through the exponential utility function.  It is a possible alternative to other risk measures as value-at-risk or expected shortfall.

It is a theoretically interesting measure because it provides different risk values for different individuals whose attitudes toward risk may differ. However, in practice it would be difficult to use since quantifying the risk aversion for an individual is difficult to do.  The entropic risk measure is the prime example of a convex risk measure which is not coherent.  Given the connection to utility functions, it can be used in utility maximization problems.

Coherent risk measure
In the fields of actuarial science and financial economics there are a number of ways that risk can be defined; to clarify the concept theoreticians have described a number of properties that a risk measure might or might not have. A coherent risk measure is a function that satisfies properties of monotonicity, sub-additivity, homogeneity, and translational invariance.
Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (2002)
The Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) is a communist political party in Nepal. It was formed by Chandra Prakash Mainali when the Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) reunified with Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist). Mainali had refused to go along with the merger and led a faction of the former Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) to reorganize the party.

Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (1998)
The Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) was a political party in Nepal and a splinter group from the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) formed on March 5, 1998. Sahana Pradhan was the chair of the party and Bam Dev Gautam the general secretary.
Jarnéia Richard-Noel
Jarnéia Richard-Noel (born 12 June 1994) is an English stage actress and singer. She is known for portraying the role of Catherine of Aragon in the musical SIX on the original UK tour and in the West End production at the Arts Theatre, Lyric Theatre and Vaudeville Theatre and in the show’s pro-shot SIX The Musical Live!, as well as forming part of pop girl group SVN.

Natalie Paris
Natalie May Paris (born 6 July 1994) is a British stage actress, singer and dancer. She is best known for originating the role of Jane Seymour in the hit musical  SIX, she was nominated for the Olivier Award as Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical in 2019, together with her cast mates.
Yarim Tepe (Iran)
Yarim Tepe (Persian: یاریم‌تپه) is a Neolithic settlement in the eastern Gorgan Plain, Golestan province, Iran. It is located near Gonbad-e Kavus. This ancient settlement played a big role in establishing the cultural chronology of the Neolithic period in Central Asia.

Tureng Tepe
Tureng Tepe (Persian: تورنگ تپه, "Hill of the Pheasants"; alternatively spelled in English as Turang Tappe/Tape/Tappa/Tappeh) is a Neolithic and Chalcolithic archaeological site in northeastern Iran, in the Gorgan plain, approximately 17 kilometers northeast of the town of Gorgan. Nearby is a village of Turang Tappeh. The site was a major fort on the Sassanian period "Alexander’s wall" (see: Great Wall of Gorgan).
Battle of Bois des Caures
The Battle of Bois des Caures was fought at the beginning of the Battle of Verdun in World War I. The battle was fought in the commune of Moirey-Flabas-Crépion (former commune of Flabas), in the department of Meuse, north of Verdun in France.

In February 1916, the woods were crossed by the front line. This poorly defended section of the front was defended by Lieutenant-Colonel Émile Driant's light infantry battalions. On 21 February 1916, on the first day of the Battle of Verdun, the woods were destroyed by one of the most impressive artillery barrages. The survivors of the two battalions held out for almost two days against the overwhelmingly superior German troops before being destroyed or captured. This resistance slowed the German advance and allowed reinforcements to reach the front.

Émile Driant
Émile Augustin Cyprien Driant (11 September 1855 – 22 February 1916) was a French writer, politician, and army officer. He was the first high-ranking casualty of the Battle of Verdun during World War I.
2022–23 Tunisian Super Cup
The 2022–23 Tunisian Super Cup was the 18th edition of the Tunisian Super Cup. The match was contested by the 2022–23 Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1 champions, Étoile du Sahel and the Tunisian Cup winners, Olympique Béja. The match took place at Stade Hammadi Agrebi in Tunis on 7 January 2024.

2022–23 Tunisian Cup
The 2022–23 Tunisian Cup (Coupe de Tunisie or Hédi Chaker Cup) was the 91st season of the football cup competition of Tunisia.
The competition was organized by the Tunisian Football Federation and open to all clubs in Tunisia.
East Africa Time
East Africa Time (EAT) is a time zone used in eastern and central Africa, with a standard offset of UTC+03:00 from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). It is one of the most widely used time zones in Africa, adopted by countries including Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Ethiopia, Somalia, and others. EAT does not observe daylight saving time (DST), maintaining a consistent offset year-round due to the region's equatorial proximity, which results in minimal variation in daylight hours. In the IANA time zone database, EAT is represented by the canonical identifier Africa/Nairobi, with aliases such as Africa/Kampala and Africa/Dar_es_Salaam.

The time zone is three hours ahead of UTC (UTC+03:00), which is the same as Moscow Time, Arabia Standard Time, Further-eastern European Time and Eastern European Summer Time.

Moscow Time
Moscow Time (MSK; Russian: Московское время, romanized: Moskovskoye vremya) is the time zone for the city of Moscow, Russia, and most of western Russia, including Saint Petersburg. It is the second-westernmost of the eleven time zones of Russia, after the non-continguous Kaliningrad enclave. It has been set to UTC+03:00 without DST since 26 October 2014; before that date it had been set to UTC+04:00 year-round on 27 March 2011.

Moscow Time is used to schedule trains (until 1 August 2018), ships, etc. throughout Russia, but air transport in Russia is scheduled using local time. Since 1 August 2018, Russian railways switched to using local time. Time in Russia is often announced throughout the country's other time zones on radio stations as Moscow Time, which is also registered in telegrams, etc. Descriptions of time zones in Russia are often based on Moscow Time rather than UTC; for example, Yakutsk (UTC+09:00) is said to be MSK+6 in Russia.