hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Allen Rusk
Allen Eugene Rusk (February 6, 1825 – March 12, 1904) was an American farmer, Republican politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly for two terms, representing Vernon County during the 1878 and 1881 terms.  He was an older brother of Jeremiah McLain Rusk, who was governor of Wisconsin and U.S. secretary of agriculture.

Jeremiah M. Rusk
Jeremiah McLain Rusk (June 17, 1830 – November 21, 1893) was an American Republican politician. He was the second United States secretary of agriculture (1889–1893) and the 15th governor of Wisconsin (1882–1889), and served three terms in the United States House of Representatives (1871–1877), representing northwest Wisconsin.  He also served as a Union Army officer during the American Civil War, served one term in the Wisconsin State Assembly (1862), and was the last Bank Comptroller of Wisconsin (1866–1870) before the office was abolished.
Shanti Express
The 19309 / 19310 Shanti Express is a daily express train offered by Western Railways in India. It runs between Indore Junction of Indore City in the state of Madhya Pradesh and Gandhinagar, the capital of Gujarat. The name Shanti means 'peace' which reflects the peace messages given by the father of the nation Mahatma Gandhi.

Gandhinagar Capital railway station
Gandhinagar Railway Station or Gandhinagar Capital (Station Code: GNC) is a major railway station with a 5-star hotel on its top in the city of Gandhinagar, Gujarat. Its serve as one of the suburban station of Ahmedabad from where some Ahmedabad bound trains operate from here
Spectre (song)
"Spectre" is a song by the English rock band Radiohead, released on 25 December 2015. It was produced by Nigel Godrich.

Radiohead recorded "Spectre", an orchestral ballad, for the 2015 James Bond film Spectre after another song they had submitted, "Man of War", was rejected. However, the producers instead used "Writing's on the Wall" by Sam Smith.

Radiohead released "Spectre" as a free download, their first release since 2011. It was also included as a B-side on the 2016 single "Burn the Witch" and the special edition of A Moon Shaped Pool. It received positive reviews.

Burn the Witch (Radiohead song)
"Burn the Witch" is a song by the English rock band Radiohead, released as the lead single from their ninth studio album, A Moon Shaped Pool (2016). It features a string section playing with guitar plectrums, producing a percussive sound, with lyrics warning against groupthink and authoritarianism. Radiohead first worked on the song during the sessions for their fourth album, Kid A (2000).

"Burn the Witch" was released as a download on 3 May 2016 on Radiohead's website, followed by 7-inch single released exclusively in independent record stores later that month. It was accompanied by a stop-motion music video that pays homage to the 1960s children's television series Trumptonshire and the 1973 horror film The Wicker Man.

"Burn the Witch" was named one of the best songs of 2016 by Rolling Stone, Billboard and the Village Voice, and was nominated for Best Rock Song at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards. It was one of the year's bestselling vinyl singles in the UK.
Life Regiment of Horse (1928–1949)
Life Regiment of Horse (Swedish: Livregementet till häst, K 1) was a Swedish Army cavalry unit based in Stockholm. It was formed in 1928 through a merger of the Life Guards of Horse and the Life Regiment Dragoons. The unit was disbanded in 1949 and was amalgamated into the Life Guards Squadron.

Life Regiment Dragoons
The Life Regiment Dragoons (Swedish: Livregementets dragoner), designated K 2, was a Swedish Army cavalry regiment that was active in various forms 1791–1927. The unit was based in the Stockholm Garrison in Stockholm and belonged to the King's Life and Household Troops (Kungl. Maj:ts Liv- och Hustrupper) until 1974.
Stripes Convenience Stores
Stripes Stores is a chain of more than 700 convenience stores in Texas, Louisiana, New Mexico, and Oklahoma, headquartered in Corpus Christi, Texas and owned by 7-Eleven. Most locations are former Circle K and Town & Country Food Stores. Other convenience store brands they operate under include IceBox and Quick Stuff. It is one of the largest non-refining operators of convenience stores in the United States. Many stores offer Sunoco, Chevron, Conoco, Exxon, Phillips 66, Shell, Texaco, Valero, and unbranded fuel; most locations previously sold fuel under the CITGO name, when the chain was Circle K. More than 300 locations also feature the proprietary Laredo Taco Company brand of Mexican fast food, or Country Cookin’ branded fast food.

Town & Country Food Stores
Town & Country Food Stores (T&C) was an employee-owned chain of convenience stores based in San Angelo, Texas. It had over 168 locations spread throughout Texas and New Mexico and yearly revenue in 2006 of over $850 million (~$1.24 billion in 2023). It was purchased by Susser Holdings Corporation in 2007 when all stores underwent transition to Stripes Convenience Stores.
Operation Jurist
Operation Jurist referred to the British recapture of Penang following Japan's surrender in 1945. Jurist was launched as part of Operation Zipper, the overall British plan to liberate Malaya, including Singapore.

While a larger Allied fleet sailed on to Singapore through the Malacca Strait under Operation Tiderace, a detachment of Royal Navy warships, led by Vice Admiral Harold Walker, moved towards Penang Island, arriving off the island on 28 August 1945. The Japanese garrison in Penang surrendered on 2 September and a party of Royal Marine commandos landed on Penang Island the following day, thus returning Penang to British rule.

Consequently, Penang became the first state in Malaya to be liberated by the British; Singapore would only be formally surrendered to the British on 12 September, while the rest of Malaya was subsequently liberated in the following weeks.

Operation Tiderace
Operation Tiderace was the codename of the British plan to retake Singapore following the Japanese surrender in 1945. The liberation force was led by Lord Louis Mountbatten, Supreme Allied Commander of South East Asia Command. Tiderace was initiated in coordination with Operation Zipper, which involved the liberation of Malaya.
Briarcliffe College–Patchogue
Briarcliffe College - Patchogue was a campus of Briarcliffe College located in Patchogue, New York, on the south shore of Long Island in Suffolk County.   It offered associate and bachelor degree coursework, covering areas including accounting, business administration, criminal justice, computer programming, graphic design, word processing and office technologies. The campus permanently closed in 2018.

Patchogue, New York
Patchogue (/ˈpætʃɒɡ/ PATCH-og) is a village located within the Town of Brookhaven in Suffolk County, on the South Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 12,408 at the time of the 2020 census.

The Incorporated Village of Patchogue is located approximately 60 miles (100 km) east of Manhattan, along the shore of Patchogue Bay – itself part of the Great South Bay.
New York State Route 296
New York State Route 296 (NY 296) is a 7.90-mile (12.71 km) north–south state highway located entirely within both the Catskill Park and Greene County, New York, in the United States. It connects NY 23A in the village of Hunter with NY 23 near the Windham hamlet of Hensonville. The route follows a mountainous track between the two locations, climbing up from the Schoharie Creek valley before descending again into the Batavia Kill watershed. NY 296 was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York; however, the highway had been state-maintained since the early 1910s.

New York State Route 23A
New York State Route 23A (NY 23A) is an east–west state highway in Greene County, New York, in the United States. It serves as a 34.56-mile (55.62 km) alternate route of NY 23 through the northern Catskill Mountains. The route passes several of the Catskill High Peaks, including Hunter Mountain, before dropping into the Hudson Valley via Kaaterskill Clove and ending at an intersection with U.S. Route 9W (US 9W) in the village of Catskill. NY 23A was assigned in the mid-1920s and has not been changed since. A portion of the route through Kaaterskill Clove was closed for several months in 2006 after landslides triggered by heavy rains damaged the route.
Agnes (card game)
Agnes is a patience or solitaire card game that emerged in England about the same time as Klondike appeared in the US. The classic version has the unusual feature of packing in colour, a feature it shares with Whitehead. By contrast, the later American variant appears to have been influenced by Klondike with packing is in alternate colours. The classic game has been described as the best single-pack patience yet invented.

Klondike (solitaire)
Klondike is a card game for one player and the best known and most popular version of the patience or solitaire family, as well as one of the most challenging in widespread play. It has spawned numerous variants including Batsford, Easthaven, King Albert, Thumb and Pouch, Somerset or Usk and Whitehead, as well as the American variants of the games, Agnes and Westcliff. The distinguishing feature of all variants is a triangular layout of the tableau, building in ascending sequence and packing in descending order.
Ross Rival
Rosauro Reyes Salvador (October 7, 1945 – November 16, 2007), known professionally as Ross Rival, was an actor and father of JonJon Hernandez, Joseph Salvador, Rosauro Luis G. Salvador, Luchi Salvador-Joson, Sahara Shyla G. Salvador and Maja Salvador.

His mother, Carmen Salvador, was a Spanish Filipina of German descent, and his father, Luis "Lou" Salvador was a Spanish Filipino. Lou Salvador was a famous basketball player, stage actor and talent manager.

Jon Hernandez
John Leonard "Jonjon" Hernandez Salvador (October 9, 1969 – November 7, 1993), also known as Jon Hernandez, was a Filipino notable actor. He was the son of actors Ross Rival and Alicia Alonzo, nephew to Anthony Alonzo, nephew to Phillip Salvador, cousin to Jobelle Salvador and brother to Maja Salvador on his father's side.
HMS Yarmouth (F101)
HMS Yarmouth was the first modified Type 12 frigate of the Rothesay-class frigate to enter service with the Royal Navy.

She was rammed in the Third Cod War by the Icelandic gunboat ICGV Baldur (1973) and had to limp away from the patrol area for repairs.

During the Falklands War, Yarmouth took part in the only encounter between armed ships of the war, when she and HMS Brilliant (F90) shelled the Argentine coaster ARA Monsunen. In the last action of the conflict, Yarmouth and HMS Endurance (1967) recaptured the South Sandwich Islands.

HMS Endurance (1967)
HMS Endurance was a Royal Navy ice patrol vessel that served from 1967 to 1991.
She came to public notice when she was involved in the Falklands War of 1982. The final surrender of the war, in the South Sandwich Islands, took place aboard Endurance.
The 25th National Cultural Festival Okayama 2010
The 25th National Cultural Festival Okayama 2010 (第２５回国民文化祭・おかやま２０１０) is The National Cultural Festival held in Okayama Prefecture, Japan between October 30 and November 7, 2010. The festival hosted 68 events such as the opening festival, orchestral music, choral music, brass band music, drama, literary, arts, dance, traditional Japanese music are held throughout the festival in all of Okayama Prefecture's cities, towns and villages.

The Opening Ceremony was performed by the lead cast Shin Koyamada as Makibi on the stage in Momotaro Arena in Okayama. Special guests included the Japanese Crown Prince and the Governor of Okayama Prefecture.

The press conference and official announcement were attended by Masahiro Ishii, Shin Koyamada, Noritake Kanzaki and Chika Kano in Okayama on 17 February 2010.

National Cultural Festival
The National Cultural Festival (国民文化祭, Kokuminbunkasai) (sometimes shortened to Kokubunsai (国文祭))  is Japan’s largest cultural festival which aims to provide the Japanese public with the opportunity to present various cultural activities. There is an emphasis on activities by local performers to motivate individuals to participate in cultural activities, encourage culture, inspire the development of local culture and enrich the lives of the people. These events are hosted by the Agency for Cultural Affairs and the prefectural or municipal government, cultural organizations or other related organizations.
Home (One Direction song)
"Home" is a song by English-Irish boy band One Direction from their EP Perfect. It was released as part of the digital EP on iTunes and Apple Music on 16 October 2015. The song is included as a bonus track on the Japanese version of Made in the A.M.. This song was written by Louis Tomlinson, Liam Payne, and Jamie Scott.

The song won a Teen Choice Award at the 2016 ceremony.

Perfect (One Direction song)
"Perfect" is a song by British-Irish boy band One Direction. Released on 16 October 2015 as the second single from their fifth studio album, Made in the A.M., it debuted at number one in Ireland, and reached the top 10 in several countries, including the United Kingdom, United States, France, New Zealand and Australia. The song was written by members Harry Styles and Louis Tomlinson, along with the band's regular collaborators, Julian Bunetta and John Ryan among others.
Roger Ludlow
Roger Ludlow (1590–1664) was an English lawyer, magistrate, military officer, and colonist. He was active in the founding of the Colony of Connecticut, and helped draft laws for it and the nearby Massachusetts Bay Colony. Under his and John Mason's direction, Boston's first fortification, later known as Castle William and then Fort Independence was built on Castle Island in Boston harbor. Frequently at odds with his peers, he eventually also founded Fairfield and Norwalk before leaving New England entirely.

After a brief sojourn in Virginia, Ludlow returned to Europe, where he was appointed by a commission distributing seized and forfeited property in the aftermath of Oliver Cromwell's conquest of Ireland. He was also appointed a magistrate administering justice in Dublin, where he is believed to have died.

John Mason (colonist)
John Mason (October 1600 – January 30, 1672) was an English-born settler, soldier, commander and Deputy Governor of the Connecticut Colony. Mason was best known for leading a group of Puritan settlers and Indian allies on a combined attack on a Pequot Fort in an event known as the Mystic Massacre. The destruction and loss of life he oversaw effectively ended the hegemony of the Pequot tribe in southeast Connecticut.
Pankaj Mohan Sinha
Air Marshal Pankaj Mohan Sinha, PVSM, AVSM, VSM is a retired officer of the Indian Air Force. He served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C), Western Air Command. He took over the office on 1 January 2023, succeeding of Air Marshal Sreekumar Prabhakaran and superannuated on 31 December 2024.

Sreekumar Prabhakaran
Air Marshal Sreekumar Prabhakaran, AVSM, VM is a retired officer of the Indian Air Force. He  served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Western Air Command. He assumed the office on 1 March 2022 and superannuated on 31 December 2022. Previously, he served as the Commandant of Air Force Academy, Dundigal.
Mouth
A mouth, also referred to as the oral, is the body orifice through which many animals ingest food and vocalize. The body cavity immediately behind the mouth opening, known as the oral cavity (or cavum oris in Latin), is also the first part of the alimentary canal, which leads to the pharynx and the gullet. In tetrapod vertebrates, the mouth is bounded on the outside by the lips and cheeks — thus the oral cavity is also known as the buccal cavity (from Latin bucca, meaning "cheek") — and contains the tongue on the inside. Except for some groups like birds and lissamphibians, vertebrates usually have teeth in their mouths, although some fish species have pharyngeal teeth instead of oral teeth.

Most bilaterian phyla, including arthropods, molluscs and chordates, have a two-opening gut tube with a mouth at one end and an anus at the other. Which end forms first in ontogeny is a criterion used to classify bilaterian animals into protostomes and deuterostomes.

Lip
The lips are a horizontal pair of soft appendages attached to the jaws and are the most visible part of the mouth of many animals, including humans. Mammal lips are soft, movable and serve to facilitate the ingestion of food (e.g. suckling and gulping) and the articulation of sound and speech. Human lips are also a somatosensory organ, and can be an erogenous zone when used in kissing and other acts of intimacy.
The Hamlet
The Hamlet is a novel by the American author William Faulkner, published in 1940, about the fictional Snopes family of Mississippi. Originally a standalone novel, it was later followed by The Town (1957) and The Mansion (1959), forming the Snopes trilogy.

The Town (Faulkner novel)
The Town is a novel by the American author William Faulkner, published in 1957, about the fictional Snopes family of Mississippi. It is the second of the "Snopes" trilogy, following The Hamlet (1940) and completed by The Mansion (1959).
Deizisau
Deizisau (Swabian: Deizisao) is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It belongs to the Stuttgart Region
(until 1992 Region Mittlerer Neckar) and the Stuttgart Metropolitan Region. Deizisau is located between the towns of Plochingen and Esslingen am Neckar, about 20 kilometers southeast of Stuttgart, the capital of Baden-Württemberg. The river Neckar flows through this town.

Plochingen
Plochingen (German pronunciation: [ˈplɔxɪŋən] ⓘ; Swabian: Blocheng or Blochenga) is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It lies on the river Neckar, on which it has a river port. With about 14,000 inhabitants, it is part of the Stuttgart Metropolitan Region.
Hall–Littlewood polynomials
In mathematics, the Hall–Littlewood polynomials are symmetric functions depending on a parameter t and a partition λ.  They are Schur functions when t is 0 and monomial symmetric functions when t is 1 and are special cases of Macdonald polynomials.
They were first defined indirectly by  Philip Hall using the Hall algebra, and later defined directly by Dudley E. Littlewood (1961).

Hall algebra
In mathematics, the Hall algebra is an associative algebra with a basis corresponding to isomorphism classes of finite abelian p-groups. It was first discussed by Steinitz (1901) but forgotten until it was rediscovered by Philip Hall (1959), both of whom published no more than brief summaries of their work. The Hall polynomials are the structure constants of  the Hall algebra. The Hall algebra plays an important role in the theory of Masaki Kashiwara and George Lusztig regarding canonical bases in quantum groups. Ringel (1990) generalized Hall algebras to more general categories, such as the category of representations of a quiver.
Filare
Filare is a village in Tuscany, central Italy,  administratively a frazione of the comune of Gavorrano, province of Grosseto. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 439.

Filare is about 35 km from Grosseto and 2 km from Gavorrano, and it is situated along the Provincial Road between Gavorrano and the plain of the town of Bagno. The small town was born in the late 19th century with the development of the mining activities.

Bagno di Gavorrano
Bagno di Gavorrano is a small town in Tuscany, central Italy,  administratively a frazione of the comune of Gavorrano, province of Grosseto. At the time of the 2001 census its population amounted to 3,022.
Gedit
gedit (/ˈdʒɛdɪt/ or /ˈɡɛdɪt/) is a text editor designed for the GNOME desktop environment. It was GNOME's default text editor and part of the GNOME Core Applications until GNOME version 42 in March 2022, which changed the default text editor to GNOME Text Editor. Designed as a general-purpose text editor, gedit emphasizes simplicity and ease of use, with a clean and simple GUI, according to the philosophy of the GNOME project. It includes tools for editing source code and structured text such as markup languages. It is free and open-source software under the GNU General Public License version 2 or later.

By July 2017, gedit was not being maintained by any developers, but in August 2017 two developers volunteered to commence work on it again.

GNOME Core Applications
The GNOME Core Applications (also known as Apps for GNOME) are a software suite that is packaged with GNOME, a free and open-source desktop environment. The suite provides a consistent look and feel to the GNOME desktop, utilizes the Adwaita design language and tightly integrates with the GNOME desktop. The suite is developed and maintained through GNOME's official GitLab instance.

A comprehensive list of these applications is available at apps.gnome.org
Colby Corino
Colby Corino (born August 28, 1996) is an American professional wrestler.  He is the son of professional wrestler Steve Corino. He is known for his appearances with professional wrestling promotions including the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), where he is a former NWA World Junior Heavyweight Champion, and Ring of Honor.

Steve Corino
Steven Eugene Corino (born May 29, 1973) is a Canadian-American professional wrestler and trainer. As of 2017, he works for WWE as both a trainer at the WWE Performance Center and a producer for NXT. He is also signed as a wrestler to Premier Wrestling Federation (PWF) as of 2026, and is the current PWF Champion in his seventh reign.

Corino is best known for his tenure with Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) from 1998 to 2001 and Ring of Honor (ROH) from 2002 to 2006 and from 2009 to 2016. Over the course of his career, he held titles including the ECW World Heavyweight Championship, MLW World Heavyweight Championship, NWA World Heavyweight Championship, and ROH World Tag Team Championship. He initially retired in 2021, but returned to competition in 2026 exclusively for PWF.
Sulfonic acid
In organic chemistry, sulfonic acid (or sulphonic acid) refers to a member of the class of organosulfur compounds with the general formula R−S(=O)2−OH, where R is an organic alkyl or aryl group and the S(=O)2(OH) group a sulfonyl hydroxide.  A sulfonic acid can be thought of as sulfuric acid with one hydroxyl group replaced by an organic substituent. The parent compound (with the organic substituent replaced by hydrogen) is the parent sulfonic acid, HS(=O)2(OH), a tautomer of sulfurous acid, S(=O)(OH)2. Salts or esters of sulfonic acids are called sulfonates.

Sulfonate
In organosulfur chemistry, a sulfonate is a salt or anion of a sulfonic acid. The formula for this functional group is RSO−3. Sulfonates are the conjugate bases of sulfonic acids. Sulfonates are generally stable in water, non-oxidizing, and colorless. Many useful compounds and even some biochemicals are sulfonates.  Most detergents and surfactants are sulfonates.  These include alkylbenzene sulfonates, 𝛼-olefin sulfonates, and paraffin sulfonates.