hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ursula Hoff
Ursula Hoff AO OBE FAHA (26 December 1909 in London, UK – 10 January 2005 in Melbourne) was an Australian scholar and prolific author on art. She enjoyed a long career at the National Gallery of Victoria in Melbourne, where she was deputy director from 1968 to 1973. Her involvement then continued when she was appointed London Adviser of the Felton Bequest (1975–83), a major charitable foundation dedicated to the NGV.

Australian Academy of the Humanities
The Australian Academy of the Humanities was established by Royal Charter in 1969 to advance scholarship and public interest in the humanities in Australia. It operates as an independent not-for-profit organisation partly funded by the Australian Government.
Johannes Eick
Johannes Eick (born 22 April 1964) is a Norwegian bassist (double bass and electric bass guitar), the son of bassist and vibraphonist Jürgen Eick (b. 1937), and the older brother of musicians Trude Eick and Mathias Eick. In his youth he played in the band «Kix», with Elin Rosseland (1982–86), but is most known for cooperations with Karin Krog, John Surman, Vigleik Storaas, Christian Wallumrød, Sidsel Endresen and Hans Mathisen.

Vigleik Storaas
Vigleik Storaas (born 2 February 1963) is a Norwegian jazz pianist and composer, and the younger brother of composer and bassist Gaute Storaas. He is known from a series of album releases and collaborations with jazz musicians such as Norma Winstone, Karin Krog, Terje Rypdal, Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Chet Baker, Jack DeJohnette and Warne Marsh.
Nun River
The Nun River, also known as Rio Nun, is a river in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The river is formed when the Niger River splits into two at Toru-Abubou, near Agbere Town in Sagbama Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, forming the Nun and the Forcados rivers.

Upon emerging from its parent river, Niger, the Nun River flows for almost 160 kilometres (100 mi) south to the Gulf of Guinea at Akassa.
Its course runs mainly through thinly settled areas and swamps.

In the 19th century, the Nun was a hub for trade between Europe and the Igbo people – based at Aboh. The river's trading history began with the trade of slaves but was later replaced by palm oil export. However, at the turn of the century, the river mouth silted heavily, blocking the passage. Subsequently, traders began using the more accessible waters of the Forcados River.

The Nun River is immortalized in the poetry of Gabriel Okara. His poem The Call of the River Nun is a nostalgic ode to the river that passes through his home.

Forçados River
The Forçados River (originally Forcados) is a channel in the Niger Delta, in southern Nigeria. It flows for approximately 198 kilometres (123 mi) and meets the sea at the Bight of Benin in Delta State. It is an important channel for small ships.  The Forçados River splits from the Niger River at Toru-Abubou near Agbere Town in Sagbama Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, the same point as the Nun River.

People have been fishing on this river for years and then came to a dock on the Niger River to sell/store and use for personal consumption.
5°18′30″N 6°25′0″E﻿ / ﻿5.30833°N 6.41667°E﻿ / 5.30833; 6.41667

In the early years of the 20th century, Forçados was a destination port for steamers from England until the river silted up.

A large hoard of bronze artefacts (1 armlet, 7 bells, 3 bracelets, 1 knife and 3 manillas) from the Forçados River can be found in the British Museum's collection.
Mumbai CSMT–Madgaon Jan Shatabdi Express
The 12052/12051 Mumbai CSMT - Madgaon Junction Jan Shatabdi Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - Konkan Railway division that runs between Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus and Madgaon in India.

It operates as train number 12051 from CSMT to Madgaon Junction and as train number 12052 in the reverse direction. During monsoon timetable, 12052 will not go in reverse direction due to time clash. So it will rest at Madgaon Junction coming from CSMT and next day that same rake will originate from Madgaon Junction. It is one of the fastest and longest route running Jan Shatabdi train in Konkan Railways and is immensely popular amongst the people travelling to Konkan and Goa. Earlier this train used to originate/terminate at Dadar Terminus in Mumbai.

Madgaon Junction railway station
Madgaon Junction Railway Station (station code: MAO) is a railway junction and major station on the Indian Railways network in Goa, India. It serves the South Western Railway line to Vasco da Gama, Goa and the Konkan Railway, in Madgaon, Goa, India. The station is progressing by getting electrified and double-tracked with the addition of new platforms.
Alexander Bublik
Alexander Stanislavovich Bublik (Александр Станиславович Бублик; born 17 June 1997) is a Russian-born Kazakhstani professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 10 achieved on 12 January 2026, the first Kazakhstani man to reach the ATP top 10. He has won nine ATP Tour singles titles, and is the current Kazakhstani No. 1 singles player. He also has a career-high doubles ranking of No. 47 achieved on 8 November 2021.

Bublik recorded his greatest success at a Grand Slam event at the 2025 French Open where he reached the quarterfinals in singles, the first Kazakhstani man to achieve the feat. Bublik was also the runner-up in doubles at the 2021 French Open, partnering fellow countryman Andrey Golubev, the first Kazakhstani male players to contest a major final.

Andrey Golubev
Andrey Golubev (Russian: Андре́й Алекса́ндрович Го́лубев; born July 22, 1987) is a Kazakhstani professional tennis player. His career-high singles ranking is world No. 33, achieved on 4 October 2010, and his doubles ranking is world No. 21, achieved on 16 May 2022. Golubev won the 2010 International German Open, an ATP 500 event, to claim Kazakhstan's first-ever ATP Tour title in the Open Era. In 2021, he reached the French Open men's doubles final with Alexander Bublik, becoming the first Kazakhstani male players to contest a major final.
Jim Donald (businessman)
James Donald is an American businessman who was the chief executive officer (CEO) of Starbucks from 2005 to 2008. He was preceded by Orin C. Smith, who led the company since 2000, and was succeeded by the coffeehouse's second president, Howard Schultz. Donald also held various executive positions with Albertsons.

Orin C. Smith
Orin C. Smith (June 26, 1942 – March 1, 2018) was an American businessman who was president and chief executive officer (CEO) of Starbucks Corporation from 2000 to 2005. He joined Starbucks as vice president and chief financial officer in 1990, becoming president and chief operating officer in 1994, and a director of Starbucks in 1996. He was preceded by Howard Schultz and succeeded by Jim Donald who was himself succeeded by Schultz.
Release of an Oath
Release of an Oath is the fourth studio album credited to The Electric Prunes, released in 1968.   It was composed and arranged by David Axelrod, and band members played little part in its recording.   The work follows the musical pattern of their Mass in F Minor, also composed by Axelrod.

The liner notes describe the album as a rock music setting of a service intended to release a penitent from an oath "made under duress and in violation of his principles".  It is subtitled "The Kol Nidre - a prayer of antiquity", and is often referred to simply as "The Kol Nidre". The actual Kol Nidre declaration, on which the first track is based, begins the order of service of Yom Kippur in the yearly cycle of Jewish religious observance.

Despite the subtitle and popular name, the remaining tracks of the album are based on a mix of Christian and Jewish liturgies.

Mass in F Minor
Mass in F Minor is the third studio album by American rock band The Electric Prunes, released in 1968.  It consists of a musical setting of the mass sung in Latin and Greek and arranged in the psychedelic style of the band, and was written and arranged by David Axelrod.
59th Scinde Rifles (Frontier Force)
The 59th Scinde Rifles (Frontier Force) was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. It was raised in 1843, as the Scinde Camel Corps. In 1856, it was incorporated into the Punjab Irregular Force (PIF). It was designated as the 59th Scinde Rifles (Frontier Force) in 1904 and became 6th Royal Battalion (Scinde) 13th Frontier Force Rifles in 1922. In 1947, it was allocated to the Pakistan Army, where it continues to exist as 1st Battalion The Frontier Force Regiment.

13th Frontier Force Rifles
The 13th Frontier Force Rifles was part of the British Indian Army, and after 1947, Pakistan Army. It was formed in 1922 by amalgamation of five existing regiments and consisted of five regular battalions. In 1947, it was allocated to the Pakistan Army.
Letcher County, Kentucky
Letcher County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,548. Its county seat is Whitesburg. It was created in 1842 from Harlan and Perry counties, and named for Robert P. Letcher, Governor of Kentucky from 1840 to 1844.

Whitesburg, Kentucky
Whitesburg is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Letcher County, Kentucky, United States. The population was  at the 2020 census and an estimated 1,711 in 2022. It was named for John D. White, a state politician and Speaker of the United States House.
Ernesto Mangaoang
Ernesto Arcebal Mangaoang (February 22, 1902 – March 28, 1968) was a Filipino American labor organizer. A communist and longtime leader of immigrant Filipino laborers, Mangaoang was closely associated with Chris Mensalvas, and was a personal friend of the famous Filipino American intellectual and activist Carlos Bulosan.

Chris Mensalvas
Chris Delarna Mensalvas, also archived as Chris D. Mensalvas and Chris D. Mensalves (June 24, 1909 – April 11, 1978) was a Filipino American union organizer most active during the 1940s and 1950s. A communist and leader of the immigrant Filipino labor movement in the Pacific Northwest, Mensalvas was closely associated with famous Filipino American author and activist Carlos Bulosan as well as Ernesto Mangaoang and Philip Vera Cruz.
Pashtun nationalism
Pashtun nationalism (Pashto: پښتون ملتپالنه) is an ideology that asserts the Pashtuns are a nation and promotes the unity of Pashtuns. The Pashtun question which is the debate over the creation of an independent Pashtun nation-state from the Pashtun-majority regions of Pakistan (Pakthunkhwa and Northern Balochistan) emerged in the early 20th century and became a major source of tension between Afghanistan and Pakistan. This issue dominated Afghan foreign policy until the overthrow of Mohammad Najibullah's Homeland Party regime in 1992. Pashtun nationalists generally support the concept of a "Greater Afghanistan" (The unification of Pashtunistan with Afghanistan).

Pashtun question
The "Pashtun question", sometimes referred to as the "Pashtunistan question", was the issue in Afghan politics regarding the demand by Afghanistan and Pashtun nationalists for the creation of an independent Pashtunistan comprising Pakistan's North-West Frontier Province (NWFP), the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), Balochistan and both the North-West Frontier Province and the Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA).

The issue dominated Afghanistan's foreign policy regarding Pakistan up until the overthrow of President Mohammad Najibullah’s government in 1992.
Morehead and South Fork Railroad
The Morehead and South Fork Railroad (reporting mark MHSF) is a terminal switching railroad serving the port facilities of Morehead City, North Carolina and Radio Island with 9.5 miles (15.3 km) of track. Created in 2005 as a successor to Carolina Rail Services, the railroad was initially a Gulf & Ohio subsidiary before a change of contract in 2010 transferred operational responsibility to the Carolina Coastal Railway.

Traffic includes rubber, chemicals, metal, and others, generating 3,000 annual carloads.

Gulf and Ohio Railways
Gulf & Ohio Railways is a holding company for four different short-line railroads in the Southern United States, as well as a tourist-oriented passenger train, and locomotive leasing and repair service through Knoxville Locomotive Works. Gulf & Ohio maintains its corporate headquarters in Knoxville, Tennessee.

The company owns railroads carrying a wide variety of commodities, generating around 40,000 annual carloads over approximately 225 miles of track.
Gilad Erdan
Gilad Menashe Erdan (Hebrew: גלעד מנשה ארדן‎ [ɡilˈ(ʔ)ad (ʔ)eʁˈdan]; born 30 September 1970) is an Israeli politician and diplomat who served as Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations from 2020 through 2024.

Erdan previously served as Ambassador of Israel to the United States. He was also a member of the Knesset for Likud from 2003 to 2020, and holder of several ministerial positions, including Minister of Environmental Protection (2009–2013), Communications (2013–2014), Home Front Defense (2013–2014), Interior (2014–2015), Minister of Public Security (2015–2020), Minister of Strategic Affairs and Public Diplomacy (2015–2020) and Minister of Regional Cooperation (2020).

Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations
The permanent representative of Israel to the United Nations is the de facto Israel ambassador to the United Nations, with the rank and status of ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary.

The permanent mission of Israel to the United Nations is led by Ambassador Danny Danon, who replaced Ron Prosor in 2015, as permanent representative of Israel to the United Nations and former director general of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Danon presented his credentials to UN Deputy Secretary-General Jan Eliasson on October 19, 2015. The deputy ambassador is Jonathan Miller.

On May 11, 2020, Benjamin Netanyahu announced that Gilad Erdan, minister of internal security, would be Israel’s new ambassador to the UN and in an unusual move, would also become the ambassador to the United States after the 2020 elections.

The permanent mission of Israel to the United Nations has nearly 30 staff members, including diplomats from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and civil servants.
LG Prada II
The LG KF900, also known as the LG Prada II, is a touchscreen, with slide out qwerty keyboard, mobile phone made by LG Electronics. It is the second version of the Prada phone, following the original LG Prada (KE850). The phone's looks are basically the same as the original Prada, but the Prada II is slightly thicker, taller and heavier, to support a slide-out full QWERTY keyboard. There is also a front-facing camera for use with video calling. The interface has been updated from the original. The camera has been increased from 2 to 5 megapixels with a LED photolight. The Prada II also now supports 3G and HSDPA for faster internet browsing.
The Prada II has support for the Prada Link, which is bluetooth watch that allows information on incoming phone calls or text messages, the phone's alarm, or the world time clock.

The LG Prada II (KF900) was announced on October 13, 2008. It was released in December 2008.

LG Prada
The PRADA Phone by LG (KE850), better known as the LG Prada, is a touchscreen mobile phone made by LG Electronics, created in collaboration with Italian luxury designer Prada. It was first announced on 12 December 2006 and was made official in a press release on 18 January 2007.

The Prada was the first mobile device with a capacitive touchscreen, thus not requiring the use of a stylus. Its black minimalist look, designed by Kang-Heui Cha, was an evolution of LG's popular Chocolate.

The LG Prada was announced shortly before Apple CEO Steve Jobs announced the iPhone on 9 January 2007. After the release of the iPhone the head of the LG Mobile Handset R&D Center was quoted saying he believed Apple had stolen the idea from the Prada after it was announced as part of the iF Design Award, where it won a prize in September 2006.
Hermine Braunsteiner
Hermine Braunsteiner Ryan (July 16, 1919 – April 19, 1999) was an Austrian SS Helferin and female camp guard at Ravensbrück and Majdanek concentration camps. She was the first Nazi war criminal to be extradited from the United States to face trial in West Germany. Braunsteiner was known to prisoners of Majdanek concentration camp as "the Mare" because she was said to have kicked and stamped on prisoners, thrown children by their hair onto trucks that took them to be murdered in gas chambers, hanged young prisoners, and beaten prisoners to death.

Braunsteiner was convicted for her complicity and collaborating in murders of over 1,000 people during the Holocaust. She was sentenced to life imprisonment by the District Court of Düsseldorf on April 30, 1981. She was released on health grounds in 1996, and died three years later.

Female guards in Nazi concentration camps
SS-Aufseherin (pl. SS-Aufseherinnen; German: [ˈaʊ̯fˌzeːəʁɪn] ⓘ; lit. 'female SS overseer') was the position title for a female guard in Nazi concentration and extermination camps. Female camp personnel were members of the SS-Gefolge auxiliary organization, which served the SS-Totenkopfverbände (SS-TV) in a limited capacity as these women were not formally recognized as members of the Schutzstaffel (SS).
Washington County Courthouse (Arkansas)
The Washington County Courthouse is the name of a current courthouse and that of a historic one in Fayetteville, Arkansas, the county seat of Washington County.  The historic building, built in 1905, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. The historic courthouse is the fifth building to serve Washington County, with the prior buildings located on the Historic Square where the Old Post Office is today. The building is one of the prominent historic buildings that compose the Fayetteville skyline, in addition to Old Main.

A new building was acquired in 1989 to better serve Washington County's county administration needs. The present-day courthouse is located at the intersection of College Avenue and Dickson Street, just north of historic building. Most county offices are located in the new building, with the historic courthouse serving as a repository for county records.

Downtown Fayetteville Historic Square
The Downtown Fayetteville Historic Square (usually shortened to Fayetteville Square or just The Square), in Fayetteville, Arkansas, includes the original Fayetteville post office, the Old Bank of Fayetteville Building, the Lewis Brothers Building, the Mrs. Young Building, and the Guisinger Building.  These buildings are listed in the National Register of Historic Places. There are several more recent buildings located on the Square.

The downtown historic square is defined by Center Street to the north, Mountain Street to the south, Block Avenue to the west, and East Avenue to the east.  The block within these one-way streets contains the Old Post Office, and formerly, the County Courthouse. The broader downtown area is defined by Maple Street to the north, Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard to the south, University Avenue to the west, and College Avenue to the east.
Slovak name
Slovak names consist of a given name and surname. Slovakia uses the Western name order with the given name being listed before surname. However, there is a historical tradition to reverse this order, especially in official contexts including administrative papers and legal documents, as well as on gravestones and memorials.

Most Slovaks do not have a middle name. The family name forms for males and females are distinct in Slovakia, making it possible to identify gender from the name alone. As of 2003 there were 185,288 different family names in use among 5.4 million Slovaks, or one family name for every 29 citizens. There is an estimated 90,000 lineages in Slovakia. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname. Slovak names are very similar to Czech names.

Czech name
Czech names are composed of a given name and a family name (surname). Czechs typically get one given name – additional names may be chosen by themselves upon baptism but they generally use one. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname.
Hawaizaada
Hawaizaada (transl. 'Airborne') is a 2015 Indian Hindi drama film written, directed and produced by Vibhu Puri along with Reliance Entertainment. Inspired by the biography of Shivkar Bapuji Talpade, the film stars Ayushmann Khurrana, Mithun Chakraborty and Pallavi Sharda. Talpade, a resident of Bombay, is claimed to have constructed and flown an unmanned, heavier-than-air aircraft in 1895. Contemporary accounts of a successful flight do not exist, and no reliable historical records document its existence. The film depicts Talpade successfully conducting a manned flight. It was released on 30 January 2015. The film was declared tax-free in Uttar Pradesh.

Shivkar Bapuji Talpade
Shivkar Bāpuji Talpade(pronunciationⓘ) was an Indian instructor with an interest in Sanskrit and aviation. He lived in Mumbai, and is claimed to have constructed and flown an unmanned, heavier-than-air aircraft in 1895. Contemporary accounts of a successful flight do not exist, and no reliable historical records document its existence. Pseudo-historical narratives about Talpade proliferated in India in the early 2000s among adherents of the Hindu-nationalist right-wing. These included the false claim that Talpade had "invented the modern aircraft".
Santa Fe Grande
The Santa Fe Grande is a New Mexico chile pepper, also known as "Yellow hot chili pepper" and the "Guero chili pepper", is a very prolific cultivar used in the Southwestern United States. The plants are resistant to tobacco mosaic virus.

The conical, blunt fruits are about 2 in (5.1 cm) long. they ripen from a pale yellow to a bright orange or fiery red.

The peppers grow upright on 24" chile plants. Santa Fe Grande's fruit have a slightly sweet taste and are fairly mild in pungency. Fresno chile peppers are of the Santa Fe Grande group.

Fresno chile
The Fresno chile or Fresno chili pepper (/ˈfrɛznoʊ/ FREZ-noh) is a medium-sized cultivar of Capsicum annuum. It should not be confused with the Fresno Bell pepper. It is often confused with the jalapeño pepper but has thinner walls, often has milder heat, and takes less time to mature. It is, however, a Fresno County chile, which is genetically distinct from the jalapeño and it grows point up, rather than point down as with the jalapeño. The fruit starts out bright green changing to orange and red as fully matured. A mature Fresno pepper will be conical in shape, 50 mm (2 in) long, and about 25 mm (1 in) in diameter at the stem. The plants do well in warm to hot temperatures and dry climates with long sunny summer days and cool nights. They are very cold-sensitive but are disease resistant. The plants may reach a height of 60–75 cm (24–30 in).
Marian Catholic High School (Pennsylvania)
Marian Catholic High School is a private, Roman Catholic high school in Tamaqua, Pennsylvania. It is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Allentown. It was established in 1954 after the consolidation of St. Jerome's High School in Tamaqua, St. Mary's High School in Coaldale, and St. Ann's High School in Lansford. Its original location consisted of a three town campus located in the towns of Tamaqua, Coaldale, and Lansford. Marian Catholic's current campus was constructed on farmland in Rush Township in 1964.

Tamaqua, Pennsylvania
Tamaqua (/təˈmɑːkwə/, Delaware: tëmakwe) is a borough in eastern Schuylkill County in the Coal Region of Pennsylvania, United States. It had a population of 6,934 as of the 2020 U.S. census.

Tamaqua was established from territory from West Penn and Schuylkill Townships. The borough is part of the micropolitan statistical area of Pottsville.

Tamaqua is located 37.8 miles (60.8 km) northwest of Allentown, 87 miles (140 km) northwest of Philadelphia, and 125.5 miles (202.0 km) west of New York City.