hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fig wasp
Fig wasps are wasps of the superfamily Chalcidoidea which spend their larval stage inside fig syconia. Some are pollinators but others simply feed off the plant. The non-pollinators belong to several groups within the superfamily Chalcidoidea, while the pollinators are in the family Agaonidae. Pollinating fig wasps are all gall-makers, while non-pollinating fig wasps either make their own galls or usurp the galls of other fig wasps. The lifestyles of these fig wasps rely on the fruit of fig trees to reproduce, with pollinating fig wasps acting as mutualists, and non-pollinating fig wasps as parasitoids.

Ficus
Ficus (/ˈfaɪkəs/ or /ˈfiːkəs/) is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in the family Moraceae. Collectively known as fig trees or figs, they are native throughout the tropics with a few species extending into the semi-warm temperate zone. Many Ficus species are grown for their fruits, though only two species, the common fig (F. carica) and sycamore fig (F. sycomorus), are cultivated to any extent, with common fig being the type species and by far the most important. The fruit of most other species are also edible though they are usually of only local economic importance or eaten as bushfood. However, they are extremely important food resources for wildlife. Figs are also of considerable cultural importance throughout the tropics, both as objects of worship and for their many practical uses.
Pasquale Foresi
Pasquale Foresi (5 July 1929, Livorno – 14 June 2015, Rocca di Papa) was an Italian priest and theologian. He was connected to the  Focolare Movement co-founded by him, Chiara Lubich and Igino Giordani. The Focolare Movement is an international organization that promotes the ideals of unity and universal brotherhood with other religious movements.

Focolare Movement
The Focolare Movement is an international organization of spiritual and social renewal and Christian new religious movement that promotes the ideals of unity and universal brother/sisterhood grounded in the Golden Rule. It was founded by then elementary school teacher Chiara Lubich in 1943 in Trento, Northern Italy, as a Roman Catholic lay movement; it remains largely Roman Catholic but includes and sympathizes with other Christian denominations, other religions and non-religious people.

The Focolare Movement is present in more than 180 nations, has over 140,440 members and more than 4 million sympathizers. The word "Focolare" is Italian for "family fireside".

While the term Focolare is the common sobriquet of the international organization, the International Association of the Faithful of Pontifical Right lists its official name as "Work of Mary", approved in 1990 as "Opus Mariae".
Aligarh Muslim University
Aligarh Muslim University is a collegiate, central, and research university located in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, which was originally established by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875. Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College became Aligarh Muslim University in 1920, following the Aligarh Muslim University Act.

The university offers more than 300 courses in traditional and modern branches of education. It is an Institute of National Importance and is listed in the Union List under the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India.

Aligarh Muslim University Act
The Aligarh Muslim University Act is an act of Imperial Legislative Council enacted in 1920. The Act was amended in 1951 in order to repeal sections on Islamic teachings. The Act was amended in 1967 which was challenged in Azeez Basha case. In 2005, the Allahabad High Court quashed the Aligarh Muslim University (Amendment) Act, 1981, as unconstitutional and declared that the AMU was not a minority institution. Therefore, the notification issued by the Human Resource Development Ministry in February permitting the university to reserve seats for Muslims in post-graduate medical courses was illegal.
Niccolò Ammaniti
Niccolò Ammaniti (Italian pronunciation: [nikkoˈlɔ ammaˈniːti]) is an Italian writer, winner of the Premio Strega in 2007 for As God Commands (also published under the title The Crossroads). He became noted in 2001 with the publication of I'm Not Scared (Io non ho paura), a novel which was later made into a movie directed by Gabriele Salvatores.

Strega Prize
The Strega Prize (Italian: Premio Strega [ˈprɛːmjo ˈstreːɡa]) is the most important Italian literary award. It has been awarded annually since 1947 for the best work of prose fiction written in the Italian language by an author of any nationality and first published between 1 March of the previous year and 28/29 February.
Torokul Dzhanuzakov
Torokul Dzhanuzakov (Kyrgyz: Төрөкул Жанузаков; 1893–1921) was a Kyrgyz Soviet politician; the deputy chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, chairman of the Commission for Refugees in 1916, one of the main organizers and leaders of the pan-Turk movement in Turkestan, and a member of the secret Turkestan National Union (TMB) political organization.

Erk (historic party)
ERK was a socialist party active in Bashkiria, Bukhara and Turkestan from 1919 to 1926. The founding document was written by Validov as part of the preparations for the Baskir Armed forces to switch from the Kolchak to that of the Red Army in February 1919. This led to the foundation of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in March 1919.
Santiago–Tuguegarao Road
Santiago–Tuguegarao Road is a major national primary road in the provinces of Cagayan, Kalinga, and Isabela in the Philippines. It is a bypass road of the Pan-Philippine Highway, also known as Cagayan Valley Road, connecting to the cities of Tuguegarao and Santiago.

The road is designated as National Route 51 (N51) of the Philippine highway network.

Pan-Philippine Highway
The Pan-Philippine Highway, also known as the Maharlika Highway (Tagalog: Daang Maharlika; Cebuano: Dalang Halangdon), is a network of roads, expressways, bridges, and ferry services that connect the islands of Luzon, Samar, Leyte, and Mindanao in the Philippines, serving as the country's principal transport backbone. Measuring 3,379.73 kilometers (2,100.07 mi) long excluding sea routes not counted by highway milestones, it is the longest road in the Philippines that forms the country's north–south backbone component of National Route 1 (N1) of the Philippine highway network. The entire highway is designated as Asian Highway 26 (AH26) of the Asian Highway Network.

The northern terminus of the highway is in front of the Ilocos Norte Provincial Capitol in Laoag and the southern terminus is near the Zamboanga City Hall in Zamboanga City.
Mike Victorino
Michael Paul Victorino (born August 24, 1952) is an American businessman and politician, who served as the eighth Mayor of the County of Maui.

In November 2017, he announced intentions to run for county council mayor, ultimately defeating Council Member Cochran. Victorino also previously served as Wailuku's council member from 2006 to 2017. He and his wife Joycelyn have two children, including retired Major League Baseball player, Shane Victorino. He was defeated by Richard Bissen in the 2022 election.

Shane Victorino
Shane Patrick Victorino (born November 30, 1980), nicknamed "the Flyin' Hawaiian", is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres, Philadelphia Phillies, Los Angeles Dodgers, Boston Red Sox, and Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. He was primarily a switch-hitter until the 2013 season, when discomfort from various hamstring, back, and knee problems forced him to become an exclusively right-handed batter.

Victorino made his MLB debut with the Padres in 2003. He played for the Phillies from 2005 through 2012. With the Phillies, Victorino won three Gold Glove Awards, was named to two MLB All-Star Games, and was a member of the 2008 World Series champions. With the Red Sox, Victorino won his fourth Gold Glove Award and was a member of the 2013 World Series champions. He also won the Lou Gehrig Memorial Award in 2008 and the Branch Rickey Award in 2011.
Pune Suburban Railway
Pune Suburban Railway (Marathi: पुणे उपनगरीय रेल्वे), also known as Pune Local, is a suburban rail system connecting Pune to its suburbs and neighboring villages in Pune District, Maharashtra. It is operated by Central Railway (CR), part of Indian Railways. The system operates on two routes, Pune Junction–Lonavala and its part Shivaji Nagar–Talegaon. 17 trains operate on Pune Junction–Lonavala route and 4 trains operate on Shivaji Nagar–Talegaon route. Also, DEMU trains operate on Pune Junction–Daund–Baramati route.

Lonavala railway station
Lonavala railway station is a railway station in Lonavala, a hill station in the state of Maharashtra in India. Lonavala station is the origin of Lonavala–Pune Suburban Trains. Seventeen suburban trains operate on the Pune–Lonavala route. Lonavala is also a halt for Mumbai–Pune Express and Mail trains. The Karjat–Pune passenger train also has a halt at Lonavala. Trains traveling on the Kalyan–Pune route also halt at Lonavala. This station leads access to Lonavala town and nearby areas like Karla Caves, Bhaja Caves, Lohagad, Visapur Fort, Bhushi Dam and Bhor Ghat (Khandala Ghat). Khandala hill station is just 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from Lonavla.
Principality of Ryazan
The Principality of Ryazan, later known as the Grand Principality of Ryazan, was a principality from 1129 to 1521. Its capital was the city of Ryazan, now known as Old Ryazan, which was destroyed in 1237 during the Mongol invasions. The capital was moved to Pereyaslavl-Ryazansky, later renamed Ryazan.

Initially a part of the Principality of Murom, it fully split off from the Principality of Chernigov by 1129 as Murom-Ryazan. Murom was taken by Moscow in 1392, while Ryazan later became dependent on Moscow and was formally taken over by Vasili in 1521, and incorporated into the centralized Russian state. It maintained its formal independence longer than any other Russian principality.

Principality of Chernigov
The Principality of Chernigov was one of the largest and most powerful states within Kievan Rus'. For a time the principality was the second most powerful after the Principality of Kiev. The principality was formed in the 10th century and maintained some of its distinctiveness until the 16th century. The Principality of Chernigov consisted of regions of modern-day Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia.
Michael Young, Baron Young of Dartington
Michael Dunlop Young, Baron Young of Dartington (9 August 1915 – 14 January 2002), was a British sociologist, social activist and left-wing politician. Young was an urbanist, known as an academic researcher, polemicist and institution-builder.

During his career, Young was influential in shaping the policy and ideology of the Labour Party. As secretary of the policy committee of the Labour Party, he was responsible for drafting Let Us Face the Future, Labour's manifesto for the 1945 general election. Young was a leading advocate for social reform, and in that capacity he founded or helped to found a number of organisations. These include the Consumers' Association, Which? magazine, the National Consumer Council, the Open University, the Institute for Community Studies, the National Extension College, the Open College of the Arts and Language Line, a telephone-interpreting business.

Institute for Community Studies
The Institute for Community Studies at The Young Foundation is a British non-profit research institute that works with communities, organisations, and policymakers to effect social change. It was founded in 1953 and is based in Toynbee Hall, East London. In 2005, it merged with the Mutual Aid Centre and was renamed The Young Foundation, in honour of its founder, the sociologist, social activist and politician Michael Young. In 2019, The Young Foundation relaunched the Institute under the auspices of chief executive officer Helen Goulden.

The Institute makes use of community-based participatory researchers to collect evidence.
B. J. Surhoff
William James "B. J." Surhoff (born August 4, 1964) is an American former catcher, outfielder, first baseman, third baseman, and designated hitter in Major League Baseball (MLB). Over his 18-year MLB career, he played every position except pitcher. After playing for the Orioles from 1996 to 2000, he rejoined the team in 2003 and played through the 2005 season. He started his career with the Milwaukee Brewers (1987–1995) and also played for the Atlanta Braves (2000–2002). Surhoff began his career as a catcher, and after playing third base in the mid-1990s, shifted to become primarily a left fielder. Surhoff was the first-overall pick in the 1985 MLB draft.

1985 Major League Baseball draft
The 1985 Major League Baseball draft took place in June 1985. The draft saw the Milwaukee Brewers select B. J. Surhoff first overall. Also picked in the first round were future stars Barry Bonds, Barry Larkin and Rafael Palmeiro.
New York Jazz Quartet
The New York Jazz Quartet was founded by pianist Roland Hanna.  Initially consisting of flautist Hubert Laws, bassist Ron Carter, and drummer Billy Cobham, the lineup changed in 1974 to Frank Wess, bassist George Mraz, and drummer Ben Riley. Richie Pratt and Grady Tate also contributed to the group. The group recorded for the Inner City, Enja, Salvation and Sonet Records from 1972 to 1982.

Ben Riley
Benjamin Alexander Riley Jr. (July 17, 1933 – November 18, 2017) was an American jazz drummer known primarily for his work with Sonny Rollins and Thelonious Monk. Riley worked with a number of other musicians throughout his prolific career as a sideman, such as Alice Coltrane, Stan Getz, Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, and Ahmad Jamal. Riley was also a member of the group Sphere, and during the 1970s and 1980s, he was a member of the New York Jazz Quartet.
Pregnane
Pregnane, also known as 17β-ethylandrostane or as 10β,13β-dimethyl-17β-ethylgonane, is a C21 steroid and, indirectly, a parent of progesterone. It is a parent hydrocarbon for two series of steroids stemming from 5α-pregnane (originally allopregnane) and 5β-pregnane (17β-ethyletiocholane). It has a gonane core.

5β-Pregnane is the parent of pregnanediones, pregnanolones, and pregnanediols, and is found largely in urine as a metabolic product of 5β-pregnane compounds.

Progesterone
Progesterone (/proʊˈdʒɛstəroʊn/ ⓘ; P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. It belongs to a group of steroid hormones called the progestogens and is the major progestogen in the body. Progesterone has a variety of important functions in the body. It is also a crucial metabolic intermediate in the production of other endogenous steroids, including the sex hormones and the corticosteroids, and plays an important role in brain function as a neurosteroid.

In addition to its role as a natural hormone, progesterone is also used as a medication, such as in combination with estrogen for contraception, to reduce the risk of uterine or cervical cancer, in hormone replacement therapy, and in feminizing hormone therapy. It was first prescribed in 1934.
C. J. Williams (judge)
Charles Joseph Williams (born 1963) is the chief United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Iowa. He was formerly a United States magistrate judge of the same court.

United States District Court for the Northern District of Iowa
The United States District Court for the Northern District of Iowa (in case citations, N.D. Iowa) has jurisdiction over fifty-two of Iowa's ninety-nine counties. It is subject to the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The United States District Court for the District of Iowa, established on March 3, 1845, by 5 Stat. 789, was subdivided into the current Northern and Southern Districts on July 20, 1882, by 22 Stat. 172.

Presently, the court has two district judges, Chief Judge Leonard T. Strand and Judge C. J. Williams, one senior judge, Linda R. Reade, and two magistrate judges, Kelly Mahoney and Mark A. Roberts.

The court is headquartered in Cedar Rapids, with a satellite courthouse in Sioux City.
France in the Eurovision Song Contest 2025
France was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 with the song "Maman", written by Anne Peichert and Tristan Salvati, and performed by Peichert herself under her stage name Louane. The French participating broadcaster, France Télévisions, internally selected its entry for the contest.

As a member of the "Big Five", France automatically qualified to compete in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest. Performing in position 24, France placed seventh out of the 26 performing countries with 230 points.

Louane (singer)
Anne Edwige Maria Peichert (French pronunciation: [an peʃɛʁ]; born 26 November 1996), known by her stage name Louane Emera ([lwan emɛʁa]) or simply Louane, is a French singer and actress. In France she became known for being a semi-finalist in the 2013 season of The Voice: la plus belle voix, and is known internationally for her role in the 2014 film La Famille Bélier, for which she won the César Award for Most Promising Actress. She represented France in the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 with the song "Maman", where she finished seventh with 230 points.
Rhinebeck Central School District
Rhinebeck Central School District (Rhinebeck CSD) is a school district primarily in the Town of Rhinebeck in the Hudson Valley region of the U.S. state of New York. The district is situated along the East Bank of the Hudson River and is approximately 90 miles north of New York City, and 61 miles south of Albany, approximately 26 miles south of Hudson, and 18 miles north of Poughkeepsie.

The district operates three schools; one primary, middle, and secondary school each. Throughout the district, there are about 963 students and 107 teachers. It entirely encompasses the Town of Rhinebeck, while also stretching into the towns of Red Hook, Milan, Clinton, and upper Hyde Park.

50% of the students are male, and the remaining 50 are female. 83% of the students are white, while the remaining 17% are a variety of races. 21% of the students come from low-income families, and 2% are learning English.

Rhinebeck (village), New York
Rhinebeck is a village in the town of Rhinebeck in Dutchess County, New York, United States. The population was 2,657 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh metropolitan area as well as the larger New York metropolitan area.

The postal ZIP code is 12572. U.S. Route 9 passes through the village.
OVO Energy
OVO Energy is an energy supplier based in Bristol, England.

It was founded by Stephen Fitzpatrick and began trading energy in September 2009, buying and selling electricity and gas to supply domestic properties throughout the UK. By June 2017 OVO had 680,000 customers, an increase of 10,000 over the previous year, representing a 2.5% domestic market share. In November 2018, OVO Energy acquired one of its largest competitors, Spark Energy.  Although at first one of over 15 smaller energy companies competing with the Big Six which dominated the market, in January 2020 OVO completed the acquisition of the retail arm of SSE, becoming the country's third-largest domestic energy supply company.

Big Six energy suppliers
The Big Six were the United Kingdom's largest retail suppliers of gas and electricity, who dominated the market following liberalisation in the late 1990s. By 2002, six companies – British Gas, EDF Energy, E.ON, RWE npower, Scottish Power and SSE – had emerged from the 15 former incumbent monopoly suppliers (the 14 regional public electricity suppliers and British Gas).

In 2008, the Big Six still had over 99% of domestic and small business customers. They were vertically integrated in electricity, owning sufficient generation capacity to supply all their customers; while in gas, only Centrica (British Gas) owned production facilities. By the third quarter of 2019, after efforts by the regulator Ofgem to promote competition, their combined share in Great Britain was 70% for electricity supply and 69% for gas. The purchase of SSE's retail business in January 2020 by OVO Energy, a competitor founded in 2009, marked the end of the original Big Six.
Pasha Parfeni
Pavel "Pasha" Parfeni (Romanian: [ˈpaʃa parˈfenʲ]; born 30 May 1986) is a Moldovan musician, singer and songwriter.  He represented Moldova in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 with his song "Lăutar", placing 11th. He was formerly known for being the lead singer of the Moldovan band SunStroke Project. He represented Moldova again in the Eurovision Song Contest 2023 with the song "Soarele și luna", placing 18th.

Moldova in the Eurovision Song Contest 2023
Moldova was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2023 with the song "Soarele și luna" written by Pavel Parfeni, Andrei Vulpe and Iuliana Parfeni. The song was performed by Pasha Parfeni, who previously represented Moldova in 2012. The Moldovan broadcaster, TeleRadio-Moldova (TRM), organised the national final Etapa Națională 2023 in order to select the Moldovan entry for the 2023 contest, with a combination of jury votes and public voting determining the winning entry.

In the first semi-final, Moldova qualified for the final on 13 May.
Loyal Nine
The Loyal Nine (also spelled Loyall Nine) were nine American patriots from Boston, who met secretly to plan protests against the Stamp Act 1765 in the beginning of the American Revolution. Mostly middle class businessmen, the Loyal Nine enlisted Ebenezer Mackintosh to rally large crowds of commoners to their cause and provided the protesters with food, drink, and supplies.

A precursor to the Sons of Liberty, the group is credited with establishing the Liberty Tree as a central gathering place for Boston patriots.

Liberty Tree
The Liberty Tree (1646–1775) was a famous elm tree that stood in Boston, Massachusetts near Boston Common in the years before the American Revolution. In 1765, Patriots in Boston staged the first act of defiance against the British government at the tree. The tree became a rallying point for the growing resistance to the rule of Britain over the American colonies, and the ground surrounding it became known as Liberty Hall. The Liberty Tree was felled in August 1775 by Loyalists led by Nathaniel Coffin Jr. or by Job Williams.
Giovanni "Ernesto" Ceirano
Giovanni "Ernesto" Ceirano (1889-1956) was an Italian industrialist, son of Giovanni Ceirano, co-founder of Fabbrica Automobili Ceirano, co-owner of Aurea (Fabrica Anonima Torinese Automobili -F.A.T.A.) and two-time winner of the Targa Florio.

Società Torinese Automobili Rapid
Società Torinese Automobili Rapid, also known as S.T.A.R.   and Rapid,  was an Italian car manufacturer founded by Giovanni Battista Ceirano in Turin in July 1904. Rapid was its trademark. In 1921 it was acquired by the S.P.A. (Società Piemontese Automobili) company that had been founded by Giovanni Battista's brother Matteo Ceirano, and which, in 1925, was taken over by Fiat.
Dòmhnall Iain Dhonnchaidh
Donald John MacDonald, (Scottish Gaelic: Dòmhnall Iain Dhonnchaidh) (lit. "Donald Ian Duncan", fig. "Donald Ian, son of Duncan") legally Dòmhnaill Iain MacDhòmhnaill (7 February 1919 in Peninerine, South Uist, Scotland – 2 October 1986 in Glasgow, Scotland) was a Scottish war poet, philosopher, and folklorist.

According to his friend and editor Bill Innes, "Apart from the war years incarcerated in a German prisoner-of-war camp, he spent his life on the island of South Uist. Yet he was to evolve out of the Bardic tradition into a poet who deserves to rank with the greatest that Gaelic has known."

Scottish Gaelic literature
Scottish Gaelic literature refers to literary works composed in the Scottish Gaelic language, which is, like Irish and Manx, a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. Gaelic literature was also composed in Gàidhealtachd communities throughout the global Scottish diaspora where the language has been and is still spoken.