hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peace symbols
A number of peace symbols have been used many ways in various cultures and contexts. The dove and olive branch was used symbolically by early Christians and then eventually became a secular peace symbol, popularized by a Dove lithograph by Pablo Picasso after World War II. In the 1950s, the "peace sign", as it is known today (also known as "peace and love"), was designed by Gerald Holtom as the logo for the British Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), a group at the forefront of the peace movement in the UK, and adopted by anti-war and counterculture activists in the US and elsewhere. The symbol is a superposition of the semaphore signals for the letters "N" and "D", taken to stand  for "nuclear disarmament", while simultaneously acting as a reference to Goya's The Third of May 1808  (1814) (aka "Peasant Before the Firing Squad").

The V hand signal and the peace flag also became international peace symbols.

V sign
The V sign is a hand gesture in which the index and middle fingers are raised and parted to make a V shape while the other fingers are clenched. It has various meanings, depending on the circumstances and how it is presented.

When displayed with the palm inward toward the signer, it can be an offensive gesture in some Commonwealth nations (similar to showing the middle finger), dating back to at least 1900. When given with the palm outward, it is to be read as a victory sign ("V for Victory"); this usage was introduced in January 1941 as part of a campaign by the Allies of World War II, and made more widely known by Winston Churchill. During the Vietnam War, in the 1960s, the "V sign" with palm outward was widely adopted by the counterculture as a symbol of peace and still used today worldwide as the "peace sign".
2022 Massachusetts House of Representatives election
The 2022 Massachusetts House of Representatives election was held on Tuesday, November 8, 2022, with the primary election having been held on Tuesday, September 6, 2022. Massachusetts voters selected all 160 members of the State House to serve two-year terms in the 2023–2024 Massachusetts legislature. The election coincided with United States national elections and Massachusetts state elections, including U.S. House, Governor, and Massachusetts Senate.

Democrats gained four seats, increasing their supermajority to 134 out of 160 seats, the largest majority of any party since 2009. Simultaneously with gains in the state Senate, and Maura Healey's win in the gubernatorial race, Democrats won a trifecta in the state for the first time since 2014.

These were the first elections in Massachusetts following the 2020 United States redistricting cycle, which resulted in some members being assigned to new districts.

2022 Massachusetts Senate election
The 2022 Massachusetts State Senate election was held on Tuesday, November 8, 2022, with the primary election having been held on Tuesday, September 6, 2022. Massachusetts voters selected all 40 members of the State Senate to serve two-year terms in the 2023–2024 Massachusetts legislature. The election coincided with United States national elections and Massachusetts state elections, including U.S. House, Governor, and Massachusetts House.

Democrats maintained their supermajority of 37 out of 40 seats. Simultaneously with gains in the state House, and Maura Healey's win in the gubernatorial race, Democrats won a trifecta in the state for the first time since 2014.

These were the first elections in Massachusetts following the 2020 United States redistricting cycle, which resulted in some members being assigned to new districts.
Alan Woods (political theorist)
Alan Woods (born 23 October 1944) is a British Trotskyist political theorist and author. He is one of the leading members of the Revolutionary Communist International (RCI) and was a founder of Socialist Appeal (now the Revolutionary Communist Party). He is political editor of the RCI's In Defence of Marxism website. Woods was a leading supporter within the Militant tendency within the Labour Party and its parent group the Committee for a Workers' International until the early 1990s. A series of disagreements on tactics and theory led to Woods and Ted Grant leaving the CWI, to found the Committee for a Marxist International (soon renamed International Marxist Tendency) in 1992. They continued with the policy of entryism into the Labour Party. Woods has expressed particularly vocal support for the Bolivarian Revolution in Venezuela, and repeatedly met with the Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez, leading to speculation that he was a close political adviser to the president.

Ted Grant
Edward Grant (born Isaac Blank; 9 July 1913 – 20 July 2006) was a South African Trotskyist who spent most of his adult life in Britain. He was a founding member of the group Militant and later Socialist Appeal.
Färentuna Runestones
The Färentuna runestones are 11th century runestones labelled U 20, U 21, and U 22 in the Rundata catalog that are located in Färentuna, Uppland, Sweden. Runestones U 20 and U 21 were registered separately although they come from the same original runestone and consequently are called U 20/21. The runestone U 20/U 21 is probably most interesting as it, together with the Hillersjö stone and the Snottsta and Vreta stones, tells the story of the family of Gerlög and Inga. All of the Färentuna runestones are inscribed in the younger futhark.

Hillersjö stone
The Hillersjö stone, listed in the Rundata catalog as U 29 and located at Hillersjö, which is about four kilometers north of Stenhamra on Färingsö, is a runic Younger Futhark inscription that tells, in Old Norse, the tragic real life family saga of Gerlög and her daughter Inga. It is the longest runic inscription in Uppland and the second longest one in Sweden after the Rök runestone.
Tranmer House
Tranmer House is a country house in Sutton Hoo, Woodbridge, Suffolk, England, dating from 1910. The house is located on the Sutton Hoo Anglo-Saxon burial site, and, in 1938, was the home of Edith Pretty. In June 1938, Pretty employed Basil Brown to undertake the excavation of a range of burial mounds on the estate, leading to Brown's discovery in May 1939 of a ship burial, "one of the most important archaeological discoveries of all time". The house is now owned by the National Trust.

Edith Pretty
Edith May Pretty (née Dempster; 1 August 1883 – 17 December 1942) was an English landowner on whose land the Sutton Hoo ship burial was discovered after she hired Basil Brown, a local excavator and amateur archaeologist, to determine whether anything lay beneath the mounds on her property.
Charlie Valencia
Carlos Enrique "Charlie" Valencia (born October 31, 1974) is an American mixed martial artist. He has fought for the WEC and UFC in their Bantamweight divisions, and is the former King of the Cage Bantamweight Champion. He is one of only three men to ever finish Ian McCall in a professional MMA fight.

Ian McCall (fighter)
Ian Gregory McCall (born July 5, 1984) is a retired American mixed martial artist who competed in the Flyweight and Bantamweight divisions of several prominent MMA promotions, including Ultimate Fighting Championship, Rizin Fighting Federation and World Extreme Cagefighting. He is also a former TPF Flyweight Champion. In between his fights in January 2015 and December 2017, he had been booked for six consecutive cancelled fights, four of which were cancelled during the week of.
Maybe Tomorrow (The Iveys album)
Maybe Tomorrow is the debut album by the Welsh rock band Badfinger. Maybe Tomorrow is the only release under the band's original name as the Iveys. It was issued in 1969 on the Apple label in Japan, West Germany and Italy. Although the album was scheduled to be released worldwide, the release in the US and UK at that time was halted without explanation. Many reasons for halting the album have been suggested by the band and Apple employees, but the most common theory is that Apple's newly hired president, Allen Klein, stopped all non-Beatle releases on Apple until he could examine the company's finances, which were in disarray at the time.

A majority of the album's songs were later issued as Badfinger songs on the Badfinger album Magic Christian Music.

Magic Christian Music
Magic Christian Music is the second studio album by the Welsh rock band Badfinger, released on 9 January 1970 on Apple Records. It was their first release under the Badfinger name, having previously released the album Maybe Tomorrow in 1969 under the name The Iveys. It includes the band's first international hit, "Come and Get It", written and produced for them by Paul McCartney.

Of the fourteen tracks, seven were newly recorded for the album while the remaining songs were recycled from Maybe Tomorrow, which had seen only limited release in a handful of international markets, including the singles "Maybe Tomorrow" and "Dear Angie". Three of the new tracks were featured in the film The Magic Christian, which also gives the album its title. However, Magic Christian Music is not an official soundtrack album for the film.
Octahydroxyanthraquinone
Octahydroxyanthraquinone is an organic compound with formula C14H8O10, formally derived from anthraquinone by replacement of 8 hydrogen atoms by hydroxyl groups.

The compound was obtained in 1911 by Georg von Georgievics and can be obtained through oxidation of rufigallol (1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydroxyanthraquinone) with boric acid and mercuric oxide in sulfuric acid at 250 °C (482 °F).

Esters of octahydroxyanthraquinone, where all eight hydroxyls are replaced by straight-chain 1-alkanecarboxylate groups H3C-(CH2)n-COO-, with n between 6 and 14, are liquid crystals and have been studied for possible LCD applications.

Octahydroxyanthraquinone is active against the malaria parasite, but rufigallol (1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydroxyanthraquinone) is 22 times more potent.

Rufigallol
Rufigallol or 1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone is an organic compound with formula C14O8H8.  It one of several hydroxyanthraquinones.  It occurs naturally being derived from gallic acid.

The compound is soluble in dioxane, from which it crystallizes as red needles that sublime without melting at 365 °C. It can be obtained by treating gallic acid with concentrated sulfuric acid and then with sodium hydroxide.  It is prepared by acid-catalyzed condensation of a pair of gallic acid molecules.

Rufigallol is particularly toxic to the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum and has a synergistic effect in combination with the antimalarial drug exifone, which has structural similarities to rufigallol.

Rufigallol forms a crimson-colored complex with beryllium, aluminium, thorium, zirconium and hafnium, and this reaction has been used for the spot and spectrophotometric determination of beryllium in low concentrations.
Dengie Peninsula
51°44′N 0°56′E﻿ / ﻿51.733°N 0.933°E﻿ / 51.733; 0.933
Dengie (pronounced with a soft 'g') is a peninsula in Essex, England, that once formed a hundred of the same name (sometimes spelled Dengy).

The peninsula is formed by the River Crouch to the south, the Blackwater to the north, both of which are tidal, and the North Sea to the east. The eastern part of the peninsula is marshy and forms the Dengie Marshes.

The western boundary of Dengie hundred ran from North Fambridge to a bit west of Maldon.  The peninsula forms about half of the Maldon local government district.

Places on the peninsula are:

Althorne

Asheldham

Bradwell-on-Sea

Bradwell Waterside

Burnham-on-Crouch

Cold Norton

Creeksea

Dengie (village)

Hazeleigh

Langford

Latchingdon

Maldon

Mayland

Maylandsea

Mundon

North Fambridge

Ostend

Purleigh

Ramsey Island

Snoreham

Southminster

Steeple

Stow Maries

St Lawrence Bay

Tillingham

Woodham Mortimer

Woodham Walter

Latchingdon
Latchingdon is a village situated on the Dengie Peninsula in Essex, England, south of the city of Chelmsford. The parish was at one time called Latchingdon-cum-Snoreham, and Snoreham Hall still exists to the south of Latchingdon. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 1,407.

The place-name 'Latchingdon' is first attested in 1065 in a charter later published in the Diplomatarium anglicum edited by Benjamin Thorpe, where it appears as Laecedune. It appears in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Lacenduna, Lachenduna and Lessenduna. The name may derive from an unrecorded Old English word *læcce from the verb læccan to catch, meaning a trap, and related to the modern word 'latch'. The name would then mean 'hill with a trap', presumably to catch animals.
Bačko Gradište
Bačko Gradište (Serbian Cyrillic: Бачко Градиште, pronounced [bâːtʃkɔː ɡrâdiːʃtɛ]; Hungarian: Bácsföldvár, pronounced [ˈbaːt͡ʃføldvaːr]; German: Feldwar in der Batschau) is a village located in the Bečej municipality, in the South Bačka District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village is ethnically mixed and its population numbering 5,445 people (2002 census). Largest ethnic groups in the village are Hungarians (46.26%) and Serbs (44.39%). Linguistically the village has a Slavophonic plurality as Serbs, Yugoslavs, Croats, Montenegrins and ethnic Muslims collectively compose 49.35% of the population. In early 2007, the village was, among others, affected by the measles outbreak that attracted WHO attention.

Bečej
Bečej (Serbian Cyrillic: Бечеј, pronounced [bɛ̌tʃɛːj]; Hungarian: Óbecse, pronounced [ˈoːbɛt͡ʃɛ]) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 19,492, while the municipality has 30,681 inhabitants.
2023 Erovnuli Liga 2
The 2023 Erovnuli Liga 2 season was the seventh edition under its current title and the 35th edition of second tier football in Georgia. The four-part competition began on 28 February and ended on 2 December with playoffs completed on 10 December.

Each team played 36 matches in this season. The winner gained automatic promotion to the Erovnuli Liga, while the next two teams participate in play-offs against their top flight rivals. The bottom two entered a play-off contest against 3rd and 4th teams of Liga 3 at the end of the season. Two-legged ties were played at each side's home ground.

2023 Liga 3 (Georgia)
The 2023 Liga 3 (Georgia) season was the 7th edition under its current title and the 35th edition of third tier football in Georgia. The regular two-round tournament began on 4 April and ended on 1 December with promotion play-offs completed on 10 December. Each team played thirty matches in as many rounds.

Gori had the longest tenure in the league with the 7th consecutive season while Meshakhte and Bakhmaro entered into the sixth year. On the other hand, three of the four new members (Locomotive-2, Rustavi and Shturmi) made their debut in Liga 3.
Siddipet district
Siddipet district is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. Its headquarters is Siddipet. This district contains a part of the Hyderabad Metropolitan Region (Markook Mulugu Wargal) Siddipet district is located in central part of the state. The district shares boundaries with Jangaon, Sircilla, Karimnagar, Kamareddy, Hanamkonda, Yadadri, Medhchal and Medak districts.

Kamareddy district
Kamareddy district is a district located in the western region of the Indian state of Telangana. The district shares boundaries with Medak, Nizamabad, Sangareddy, Siddipet and Rajanna Sircilla districts and with the state boundary of Maharashtra and Karnataka.
Chuck Brinkman
Charles Ernest Brinkman (born September 16, 1944) is an American former professional baseball player. He played as a catcher in Major League Baseball from 1969 until 1974, mostly for the Chicago White Sox until his final year with the Pittsburgh Pirates. He was the younger brother of Gold Glove Award-winning major league shortstop, Ed Brinkman.

Ed Brinkman
Edwin Albert Brinkman (December 8, 1941 – September 30, 2008) was an American professional baseball player, coach and scout. He played as a shortstop in Major League Baseball from 1961 to 1975, most prominently as a member of the Washington Senators and the Detroit Tigers.

Brinkman was a light-hitting, defensive specialist who spent the first 10 years of his career with the 1961 expansion team the Washington Senators, before being traded to the Detroit Tigers where he helped lead the team to the 1972 American League Eastern Division title and was voted 1972 Tiger of the Year. He won the American League (AL) Gold Glove Award in 1972, and made his only All-Star team in 1973 while with the Tigers. Brinkman ended his career playing for the St. Louis Cardinals, Texas Rangers, and the New York Yankees.

After his playing career, Brinkman worked for several major league organizations as a scout, coach and minor league manager until he retired in 2000.
Amansie Central District
Amansie Central District is one of the forty-three districts in Ashanti Region, Ghana. It was formerly part of the larger Amansie East District, until the western part of the district was split off by a decree of president John Agyekum Kufuor on 12 November 2003 (effectively 18 February 2004) to create Amansie Central District. The remaining part has been retained as Amansie East District (now currently known as Bekwai Municipal District). The district assembly is located in the southern part of Ashanti Region and has Jacobu as its capital town.

Bekwai Municipal Assembly
Bekwai Municipal Assembly is one of the forty-three districts in Ashanti Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988 when it was known as Amansie East District, which  was created from the former Amansie District Council. Later, the western part of the district was split off by a decree of president John Agyekum Kufuor on 12 November 2003 (effectively 18 February 2004) to create Amansie Central District. The remaining part was retained until early 2008 as Amansie East District. Then the eastern part of the district was split off to create Bosome Freho District on 29 February 2008; while the remaining part was elevated to municipal district assembly status the same year and has since been renamed as Bekwai Municipal Assembly. The municipality is located in the southern part of Ashanti Region and has Bekwai as its capital town.
Yeongjongdo
Yeongjong Island (Korean: 영종도) is an island in Jung District, Incheon, South Korea. It contains Incheon International Airport as well as small villages, farms, and beaches.

The previously separate Yongyu, Sammok, and Sinbul Islands have been joined to Yeongjong Island by an area of reclaimed land built for the construction of the airport.

Jung District, Incheon
Jung District (Korean: 중구; RR: Jung-gu) is the historic central ward of the city of Incheon, South Korea, one of the eight wards into which Incheon is divided. Its name means "central" in Korean. It was founded in 1883 on the opening of the Jemulpo Port and contains several historical and cultural heritage monuments, such as Dap-dong Cathedral, Hongyemun Gate, The First Anglican Church, and Jayu Park, Korea's first modern park. Incheon Chinatown, the birthplace of jajangmyeon, is located in the district.

Incheon is the gateway to Seoul, the capital of South Korea. In modern times it became a trading port, eventually growing to become the second-largest port in South Korea. Incheon International Airport also locates in Jung District.
Quercus montana
Quercus montana, the chestnut oak, is a species of oak in the white oak group, Quercus sect. Quercus. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is one of the most important ridgetop trees from southern Maine southwest to central Mississippi, with an outlying northwestern population in southern Michigan. It is also sometimes called rock oak because of its presence in montane and other rocky habitats.

Quercus subg. Quercus
Quercus subgenus Quercus is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification (the other being subgenus Cerris). It contains about 190 species divided among five sections. It may be called the New World clade or the high-latitude clade; most species are native to the Americas, the others being found in Eurasia and northernmost North Africa.
Prince Hamlet
Prince Hamlet is the title character and protagonist of William Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet (1599–1601). He is the Prince of Denmark, nephew of the usurping Claudius, and son of King Hamlet, the previous King of Denmark. At the beginning of the play, he is conflicted whether, and how, to avenge the murder of his father, and struggles with his own sanity along the way. By the end of the tragedy, Hamlet has caused the deaths of Polonius, Laertes, Claudius, and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, two acquaintances of his from childhood. He is also indirectly involved in the deaths of his love Ophelia (drowning) and of his mother Gertrude (mistakenly poisoned by Claudius).

King Claudius
King Claudius is a fictional character and the main antagonist of William Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet. He is the brother to King Hamlet, second husband to Gertrude and uncle and later stepfather to Prince Hamlet. He obtained the throne of Denmark by murdering his brother with poison and then marrying the late king's widow. He is loosely based on the Jutish chieftain Feng who appears in Chronicon Lethrense and in Saxo Grammaticus' Gesta Danorum. There has never been an actual Danish king of that name.
Fort Saint-Frédéric
Fort Saint-Frédéric was a French fort built on Lake Champlain to secure the region against British colonization and control the lake.  It was located in modern New York State across the lake from modern Vermont at the town of Crown Point, New York.  The fort, whose construction began in 1734, was never attacked, and was destroyed in 1759 before the advance of a large (more than 10,000 man) British army under General Jeffery Amherst.

The British constructed the much larger Fort Crown Point next to the ruins of Saint-Frédéric; the new fort also never came under attack.  Its small garrison was captured in 1775 in the early days of the American Revolutionary War, after which Fort Crown Point also fell into ruin.  The fort sites at Crown Point were preserved in the Crown Point State Historic Site in 1910, and both ruins are National Historic Landmarks.

Fort Crown Point
Fort Crown Point was built by the combined efforts of British and Colonial troops from New York and the New England Colonies in 1759 at a narrows on Lake Champlain on the border between New York and Vermont. It was constructed to secure the region against the French in upstate New York near the town of Crown Point, and it was the largest earthen fortress built in the American colonies. The fort's ruins are a National Historic Landmark administered as part of Crown Point State Historic Site.