hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ocelot (vehicle)
The General Dynamics Ocelot, originally known as the Force Protection Ocelot, is a British infantry mobility vehicle  that replaced the United Kingdom's Snatch Land Rover with British forces. It received the service name Foxhound, in line with the canine names given to other wheeled armoured vehicles in current British use such as Mastiff, Wolfhound, and Ridgeback, which are all variants of the Cougar. (It is not to be confused with the BAE Systems Australia Foxhound, a modified Shorland S600.)

The goal in replacing the Snatch Land Rover was to improve protection of personnel against improvised explosive devices (IEDs).

Snatch Land Rover
The Snatch Land Rover is a protected patrol vehicle based on the Land Rover Defender 110 chassis. Intended for general patrolling in low-threat areas, the vehicle was developed in 1992 for use in Northern Ireland. It provides a limited degree of small arms protection for occupants and a limited level of protection from Improvised Explosive Devices and off-route mines.

The vehicle has been criticised as occupant deaths have resulted from kinetic attacks which exceeded the level of protection available.
Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Maoist)
Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Maoist), was a communist group based in Punjab. RCCI(M) was formed in 1995, as the Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Marxist–Leninist) was divided into two (the other faction was the Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist)). The secretary of RCCI(M) was Shamsher Singh Sheri.

RCCI (M) held conferences in 1996 and 2002.

RCCI(M) was a candidate member of Revolutionary Internationalist Movement (RIM). It was also one of the founding organisations of the Coordination Committee of Maoist Parties and Organisations of South Asia. In January 2003 RCCI(M) merged with Maoist Communist Centre, which then took the name Maoist Communist Centre of India.

Maoist Communist Centre of India
The Maoist Communist Centre (MCC) was one of the largest two armed Maoist groups in India, and fused with the other, the People's War Group in September 2004, to form the Communist Party of India (Maoist).
Vincenzo Scamozzi
Vincenzo Scamozzi (2 September 1548 – 7 August 1616) was an Italian architect and a writer on architecture, active mainly in Vicenza and Republic of Venice area in the second half of the 16th century. He was perhaps the most important figure there between Andrea Palladio, whose unfinished projects he inherited at Palladio's death in 1580, and Baldassarre Longhena, Scamozzi's only pupil.

The great public project of Palladio's that Scamozzi inherited early in the process of construction was the Teatro Olimpico at Vicenza, which Palladio had designed in the last months of his life.

Baldassare Longhena
Baldassare Longhena (1598 – 18 February 1682) was an Italian architect, who worked mainly in Venice, where he was one of the greatest exponents of Baroque architecture of the period. His style is characterized by monumentality, skillful use of light and shadow, and an understanding of Venetian aesthetics.
John Keppie
John Keppie (4 August 1862 – 28 April 1945) was a Glasgow architect and artist. From an early age he was a close friend of Edward Atkinson Hornel and would often bring in New Year with him in Kirkcudbright. Within the architectural profession, he was closest to John Archibald Campbell, and is credited with training Charles Rennie Mackintosh.

Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Charles Rennie Mackintosh (7 June 1868 – 10 December 1928) was a Scottish architect, designer, water colourist and artist. His artistic approach had much in common with European Symbolism. His work, alongside that of his wife Margaret Macdonald, was influential on European design movements such as Art Nouveau and Secessionism and praised by great modernists such as Josef Hoffmann. Mackintosh was born in Glasgow, Scotland and died in London, England. He is among the most important figures of the Modern Style.
Isfay al-Fauqa
Isfay al-Fauqa (Arabic: اصفي الفوقا, also transliterated Isfey al-Fawqa, Isfay al-Foqa) is a small Palestinian herding hamlet in the South Hebron Hills, part of the Masafer Yatta cluster in the Hebron Governorate of the southern West Bank. Like other Masafer Yatta localities, it lies in Area C, and much of the surrounding terrain has been designated Firing Zone 918 since the 1980s. It is distinct from the adjacent hamlet of Isfay al-Tahta (Isfey al-Tahta), located nearby on lower ground.

Masafer Yatta
Masafer Yatta (Arabic: مسافر يطا, also spelled Mosfaret Yatta) is a collection of 19 Palestinian hamlets which comprise a D-level municipality in the southern West Bank, in the Hebron Governorate of Palestine, located between 14 and 24 kilometres (9–15 mi) south of the city of Hebron, in the South Hebron Hills.

It has been subject to being within an Israeli-declared military "firing zone" since the 1970s. The name Masafer is believed to derive from the Arabic words for 'traveling', in light of the distance needed to travel from Yatta, or 'nothing' in light of the local belief that "nothing" would be able to live in the area. The 2024 documentary film No Other Land, winner of the Best Documentary Oscar, focuses on Masafer Yatta.
Torsion-free abelian group
In mathematics, specifically in abstract algebra, a torsion-free abelian group is an abelian group which has no non-trivial torsion elements; that is, a group in which the group operation is commutative and the identity element is the only element with finite order.

While finitely generated abelian groups are completely classified, not much is known about infinitely generated abelian groups, even in the torsion-free countable case.

Abelian group
In mathematics, an abelian group, also called a commutative group, is a group in which the result of applying the group operation to two group elements does not depend on the order in which they are written. That is, the group operation is commutative. With addition as an operation, the integers and the real numbers form abelian groups, and the concept of an abelian group may be viewed as a generalization of these examples. Abelian groups are named after the Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel.

The concept of an abelian group underlies many fundamental algebraic structures, such as fields, rings, vector spaces, and algebras. The theory of abelian groups is generally simpler than that of their non-abelian counterparts, and finite abelian groups are very well understood and fully classified.
Mingghan
The mingghan (Uzbek: Minghan, Halh Mongolian: мянгат, romanized: Myangat) was a social-military unit of 1000 households created by Genghis Khan. From this group could be recruited a regiment of 1000 men. It is part of the ancient method of organization developed by Eurasian nomads based on the decimal system. A tumen, which included 10,000 households and soldiers, was the largest group and it was divided into ten mingghan. A mingghan was made up of 10 jaghuns or 100 arbans. An account cited that once he becomes a guard, a mingghan commander's son has to bring a younger brother and 10 other men to serve with him.

Tumen (unit)
Tumen, or tümen ("unit of ten thousand";
Old Turkic: tümän; Mongolian: Түмэн, tümen; Turkish: tumën), was a decimal unit of measurement used by the Turkic and Mongol peoples to quantify and organize their societies in groups of 10,000.  A tumen denotes an administrative unit of 10,000 households, or a military unit of 10,000 soldiers.

English Orientalist Sir Gerard Clauson (1891-1974) defined tümän as immediately borrowed from Tocharian tmān, which according to Edwin G. Pulleyblank might have been etymologically inherited from Old Chinese tman or 萬.
Dragons of Spring Dawning
Dragons of Spring Dawning is a 1985 fantasy novel by American writers Tracy Hickman and Margaret Weis. The third book in the Dragonlance Chronicles series, it continues the events from Dragons of Winter Night (1985) and sets up the premise of the Dragonlance Legends trilogy, also written by Weis and Hickman.

Originally published in September 1985, the novel has seen multiple reprints with the latest reprint in March 2004. It has also been adapted into a 12-issue comic book series.

Dragons of Winter Night
Dragons of Winter Night is a fantasy novel by Margaret Weis and Tracy Hickman. Based on the Dungeons & Dragons gaming modules, it is the second book in the Chronicles Trilogy, preceded by Dragons of Autumn Twilight and followed by Dragons of Spring Dawning. It was the second Dragonlance novel, being released in 1985. It is the second novel in the Dragonlance Chronicles trilogy, which along with the Legends Trilogy introduces the Dragonlance world. Specifically, it details the darker days of the War of the Lance.

The novel is part of the beginning of the entire series. It departs from the original game session that Dragons of Autumn Twilight was based upon, but is still based on the events of the previous novel. It continues upon many of the most important characters, the Heroes of the Lance. According to the Dragonlance Nexus, the Chronicles Trilogy is essential to setting up the foundation for the rest of the novels.
Saltburn-by-the-Sea
Saltburn-by-the-Sea, commonly referred to as Saltburn, is a seaside town in the civil parish of Saltburn, Marske and New Marske, in the Redcar and Cleveland unitary authority, North Yorkshire, England. It lies 12 miles (19 km) south-east of Hartlepool and 5 miles (8 km) south-east of Redcar, within the historic boundaries of the North Riding of Yorkshire and on the Cleveland Way long distance footpath.

The development of Saltburn was driven by the discovery of ironstone in the Cleveland Hills and building of railways to transport the minerals.

Redcar
Redcar /ˈrɛdkər/ /rɛdkɑːr/ is a seaside town on the Yorkshire Coast in the Redcar and Cleveland district. It is in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England, and is located 7 miles (11 km) east of Middlesbrough.

The Teesside built-up area's Redcar subdivision had a population of 37,073 at the 2011 census. The town is made up of Coatham, Dormanstown, Kirkleatham, Newcomen, West Dyke, Wheatlands and Zetland.

It gained a town charter in 1922, from then until 1968 it was governed by the municipal borough of Redcar. Since the abolition of County Borough of Teesside, which existed from 1968 until 1974, the town has been unparished.
The Record (North Jersey)
The Record (also called The North Jersey Record, The Bergen Record and formerly The Bergen Evening Record) is a newspaper in New Jersey, United States. Serving Bergen, Essex, Hudson and Passaic counties in North Jersey, it has the second-largest circulation of the state's daily newspapers, behind The Star-Ledger.

The Record was under the ownership of the Borg family from 1930 to 2016, and the family went on to form North Jersey Media Group, which eventually bought its competitor, the Herald News. Both papers are now owned by Gannett Company, which purchased the Borgs' media assets in July 2016.

For years, The Record had its primary offices in Hackensack with a bureau in Wayne. Following the purchase of the competing Herald News of Passaic, both papers began centralizing operations in what is now Woodland Park, where The Record is currently based.

Herald News
The Herald News is a daily broadsheet newspaper headquartered in Woodland Park, New Jersey, that focuses on the Passaic County, New Jersey area. Today's Herald News is descended from several papers, but did not come to be until two Passaic County papers out of Passaic and Paterson merged in 1988.

The Herald News is an edition of The Record, a publication serving Bergen County, New Jersey that was formerly based in Hackensack, New Jersey. Both papers are owned by Gannett Company, which purchased Herald News parent North Jersey Media Group in 2016.
Theophilus Yale
Captain  Theophilus Yale  (1675 – 1760) was a British military officer, magistrate, and one of the early settlers of Wallingford, Connecticut. His grandnephew, Gov. Lyman Hall, became one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, and a signatory of the Declaration of Independence. Yale was also a deputy of the Connecticut House of Representatives and Justice of the Peace for Wallingford.

His daughter, Sarah Yale, became the great-grandmother of abolitionist Congressman Sherlock James Andrews, who welcomed Abraham Lincoln at Cleveland during his presidential visit.

Sherlock James Andrews
Sherlock James Andrews (November 17, 1801 – February 11, 1880), was an American lawyer and abolitionist Congressman from Ohio. He became the 1st President of the Cleveland Bar Association and was one of the lawyers who defended the abolitionists in the Oberlin–Wellington Rescue Case with John Mercer Langston.

He was also among the leaders of the Cleveland Anti-Slavery Society, and cofounded with Congressman Joshua Giddings the Select Committee on Slavery, wishing the end of slavery through legislation.
4-Hydroxytryptamine
4-Hydroxytryptamine (4-HT, 4-HTA), also known as N,N-didesmethylpsilocin, is a naturally occurring tryptamine alkaloid. It is closely related chemically to the neurotransmitter serotonin, the psychedelic psilocin, and is the active form of the tryptamine alkaloid norbaeocystin.

The compound is a serotonin receptor agonist, including of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor, but in contrast to certain closely related compounds like psilocin, appears to be non-hallucinogenic.

4-HT may occur naturally in Psilocybe baeocystis and Psilocybe cyanescens. It may serve as an alternative precursor in the biosynthesis of psilocybin (4-PO-DMT) in psilocybin mushrooms.

Norbaeocystin
Norbaeocystin, also known as 4-phosphoryloxytryptamine (4-PO-T), is a psilocybin mushroom alkaloid of the tryptamine family and an analogue of psilocybin (4-PO-DMT). It is found as a minor compound in most psilocybin mushrooms, together with psilocybin, psilocin (4-HO-DMT), aeruginascin (4-PO-TMT), and baeocystin (4-PO-NMT), from which it is a derivative.
Tokyo Dome City
35°42′20.23″N 139°45′6.82″E﻿ / ﻿35.7056194°N 139.7518944°E﻿ / 35.7056194; 139.7518944
Tokyo Dome City (東京ドームシティ, Tōkyō Dōmu Shiti), referred to as Big Egg City before January 1, 2000, is an entertainment complex in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan.

It also includes the world's largest roofed baseball stadium, known as Tokyo Dome (AKA "Big Egg"); an amusement park known as Tokyo Dome City Attractions (formerly Kōrakuen Yūenchi); and Korakuen Hall.  In May 2003, a spa resort known as LaQua opened for business near Tokyo Dome City Attractions. It also hosts character shows for Toei Company's Toei Superheroes, including the Kamen Rider and Super Sentai series (the Tokyo Dome Corporation is the Super Sentai series' main sponsor).

The Tokyo Dome City contains the Tokyo Dome Hotel, a 43-story hotel that is easy to spot from the street and from the Tokyo Subway Suidobashi Station, which is only two blocks away.

Tokyo Dome
Tokyo Dome (東京ドーム, Tōkyō Dōmu) is an indoor stadium in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan. It was designed as a baseball stadium following its predecessor, Korakuen Stadium (whose former site is now occupied by the Tokyo Dome Hotel and a plaza for this stadium). In Japan, it is often used as a unit of size; for example, "the new construction is five times the size of Tokyo Dome."
DISORT
DISORT (Discrete Ordinates Radiative Transfer Program for a Multi-Layered Plane-Parallel Medium) - general and versatile plane-parallel radiative transfer program applicable to problems from the ultraviolet to the radar regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

DISORT is used in many atmospheric radiative transfer codes including Streamer, MODTRAN, RRTM and SBDART.

Streamer (software)
Streamer is a radiative transfer code (Key and Schweiger, 1988) to calculate radiances (intensities) or irradiances in the atmosphere.

The code uses N-stream approximation to the radiative transfer equations (Stamnes et al. 1988) and allows for flexible choice of bands. The code can be used both for satellite radiance applications and estimates of heating rates in both cloudy and non-cloudy atmosphere. One can specify surface reflectivity.  Streamer is written in FORTRAN.
Northern Province, Sri Lanka
The Northern Province (Tamil: வட மாகாணம் Vaṭa Mākāṇam; Sinhala: උතුරු පළාත Uturu Paḷāta) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 8,884 km2, making it the 3rd largest province by area, and a population of 1,150,148 making it the least populated province. Jaffna is the capital city of the province.

Between 1988 and 2006, the province was temporarily merged with the Eastern Province into one province, the North Eastern Province. Due to its large Tamil population, the Northern Province is sometimes referred to as "Sri Lanka's Tamil country". The majority of the fighting in the Sri Lankan Civil War took place in the Northern province.

North Eastern Province, Sri Lanka
The North Eastern Province was one of the provinces of Sri Lanka. The province was created in September 1988 by merging the Northern and Eastern provinces. This merger was declared illegal by the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka in 2006. The province was formally demerged into the Northern and Eastern provinces on 1 January 2007. The capital of the province was Trincomalee.
Juicy!
Juicy! is a Philippine television talk show broadcast by TV5. Originally hosted by Alex Gonzaga and IC Mendoza. It aired from August 11, 2008 to August 3, 2012, and was replaced by Ang Latest. Gonzaga, Mendoza, Cristy Fermin and Shalala served as the final hosts.

Ang Latest
Ang Latest (Filipino for "The Latest") is a Philippine television talk show broadcast by TV5.  Hosted by Amy Perez, Mr. Fu and Cristy Fermin. It aired every Saturdays at 10:30 am (later moved to 11 pm and 11:30 pm) from August 4, 2012 to July 13, 2013, replacing Paparazzi. The show aired as Ang Latest Up Late every Weekdays at 12:15 am (later at 11:45 pm and 11:15 pm and 11:30 pm and 11:15 pm) from August 6, 2012 to July 19, 2013, replacing Juicy!.
Aspidytidae
Aspidytidae is a family of aquatic beetles of the suborder Adephaga, described in 2002 from specimens in South Africa and China. There are only two known species in the family and these were originally described in the genus Aspidytes, but later the new genus Sinaspidytes was erected for the species found in China.  The family can also be referred to by its trivial name cliff water beetles.

Sinaspidytes
Sinaspidytes is a genus of aquatic beetles in Aspidytidae, first recorded in 2003 from specimens in the Shaanxi province, China. It is monotypic, with the only species being Sinaspidytes wrasei. Originally this species was placed in the genus Aspidytes with a second species from South Africa, but was later  transferred to Sinaspidytes. The genus contains the single species S. wrasei. The aquatic beetle is 4.8 - 5.2 mm long and lives in hygropetric habitats.
William Cowie (bishop)
William Garden Cowie (8 January 1831 – 26 June 1902) was bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Auckland, New Zealand, from 1870 to 1902. Although he succeeded George Selwyn in having jurisdiction in this portion of New Zealand, he was the first bishop to be known specifically as Bishop of Auckland. His wife Eliza Jane Cowie (1835-1902) was a distinguished religious worker in her own right, and Bishop Cowie's journals refer frequently to her work with him.

Eliza Cowie
Eliza Jane Cowie (6 October 1835–18 August 1902; née Webber) was a New Zealand church and community worker.

Eliza Jane Webber was born in London, England on 6 October 1835, the daughter of William Webber, a surgeon of Moulton, Suffolk, by his wife Eliza Preston daughter of Sir Thomas Preston, Bart., of Beeston Hill, Norfolk. Her brother William Webber (1837–1903) became Bishop of Brisbane.

She married in 1869 William Garden Cowie (January 8, 1831 – June 26, 1902), who was the same year appointed bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Auckland, and later became Primate of New Zealand.

Cowie died at her home Bishopscourt, Parnell, New Zealand on 18 August 1902, a mere two months after the death of her husband, leaving three sons and a daughter.
Virgo (constellation)
Virgo is one of the constellations of the zodiac. The name means "maiden" in Latin and its traditional astrological symbol is . Between Leo to the west and Libra to the east, lying in the south, it is the second-largest constellation in the sky (after Hydra) and the largest constellation in the zodiac. The ecliptic intersects the celestial equator within this constellation and Pisces. Underlying these technical two definitions, the sun passes directly overhead of the equator, within this constellation, at the September equinox. Virgo can be easily found through its brightest star, Spica, (in Latin "grain headed").

Leo (constellation)
Leo /ˈliːoʊ/ is one of the constellations of the zodiac, between Cancer, the Crab, to the west and Virgo, the Maiden, to the east. It is located in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for lion, and to the ancient Greeks represented the Nemean Lion killed by the mythical Greek hero Heracles as one of his twelve labors. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♌︎). One of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, Leo remains one of the 88 modern constellations today, and one of the most easily recognizable due to its many bright stars and a distinctive shape that is reminiscent of the crouching lion it depicts.
Joseph Radetzky von Radetz
Johann Josef Wenzel Anton Franz Karl, Graf Radetzky von Radetz (2 November 1766 – 5 January 1858) was a Czech nobleman and Austrian field marshal. He served as chief of the general staff in the Habsburg monarchy during the later period of the Napoleonic Wars and proved instrumental in the allied victory as one of the primary architects of the Trachenberg Plan and the Leipzig Campaign which led to the Battle of Leipzig. Afterwards, he embarked on military reforms of the Austrian army. His reputation was one of discipline and fairness; he was revered by his troops among whom he was known as Vater ('Father') Radetzky. He is best known for the victories at the Battles of Custoza (24–25 July 1848) and Novara (23 March 1849) during the First Italian War of Independence. Johann Strauss I's Radetzky March was commissioned to commemorate Radetzky's victory at the Battle of Custoza.

Battle of Novara (1849)
The Battle of Novara (or Battle of Bicocca; Bicocca being a borough of Novara) was one of the battles fought between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia during the First Italian War of Independence, within the era of Italian unification. Lasting the whole day of 22 March 1849 and ending at dawn on 23 March, it resulted in a severe defeat and retreat of the Piedmontese (Sardinian) army.
Tanya Woo
Tanya Woo (胡清雅) is an American politician from Seattle, Washington. She ran for Seattle City Council in 2023 in District 2 against incumbent Tammy Morales but lost by a narrow margin of 853 votes. Woo was then appointed to the city-wide District 8 seat in January 2024 but lost that seat in the November 2024 special election to Alexis Mercedes Rinck.

Tammy Morales
Tammy Janine Morales (born October 23, 1968) is an American politician from Seattle, Washington. She was elected to represent District 2 on the Seattle City Council in November 2019.

In December 2024, Morales announced she would be stepping down from the Seattle City Council on January 6, citing a hostile work environment from the rest of the council.