hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
TRPV1
The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), also known as the capsaicin receptor and the vanilloid receptor 1, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the TRPV1 gene. It was the first isolated member of the transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor proteins that in turn are a sub-family of the transient receptor potential protein group.  This protein is a member of the TRPV group of transient receptor potential family of ion channels. Fatty acid metabolites with affinity for this receptor are produced by cyanobacteria, which diverged from eukaryotes at least 2 billion years ago.
The function of TRPV1 is detection and regulation of body temperature. In addition, TRPV1 provides a sensation of scalding heat and pain (nociception). In primary afferent sensory neurons, it cooperates with TRPA1 (a chemical irritant receptor) to mediate the detection of noxious environmental stimuli.

Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore. Their functions include establishing a resting membrane potential, shaping action potentials and other electrical signals by gating the flow of ions across the cell membrane, controlling the flow of ions across secretory and epithelial cells, and regulating cell volume. Ion channels are present in the membranes of all cells. Ion channels are one of the two classes of ionophoric proteins, the other being ion transporters.

The study of ion channels often involves biophysics, electrophysiology, and pharmacology, while using techniques including voltage clamp, patch clamp, immunohistochemistry, X-ray crystallography, fluoroscopy, and RT-PCR. Their classification as molecules is referred to as channelomics.
Race-reversed casting
Race-reversed casting, also called photo negative casting, is a form of non-traditional casting in acting. The concept revolves around reversing the race of characters being played (white characters being played by black actors and vice versa). The concept was intended as a way to open up non-traditional character roles to more actors but has received complaints that it waters down racial differences.

Color-blind casting
Color-blind casting is the practice of casting roles without regard to the actor's ethnicity or race. Alternative terms and similar practices include non-traditional casting, integrated casting, or blind casting, which can involve casting without consideration of skin color, body shape, sex or gender. A representative of the Actors' Equity Association has disputed the use of  "color blind casting", preferring "non-traditional casting". Non-traditional casting "is defined as the casting of ethnic minority actors in roles where race, ethnicity, or gender is not germane".
Journey Through Time Scenic Byway
Journey Through Time Scenic Byway is a scenic byway in the U.S. state of Oregon.  It  spans five Oregon counties and comprises portions of U.S. Route 97, Oregon Route 218, Oregon Route 19, U.S. Route 26, and Oregon Route 7.  The John Day River meanders through much of its route.  The byway offers glimpses into the geologic and pioneer history of Oregon. It passes near the John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, including its Painted Hills unit.

Oregon Route 218
Oregon Route 218 (OR 218) is an Oregon state highway that runs between the small towns of Shaniko and Fossil in north-central Oregon and is known as the Shaniko-Fossil Highway No. 291 (see Oregon highways and routes).  OR 218 is a part of the Journey Through Time Scenic Byway, an Oregon state byway.
Uilleag de Burgh
Sir Uilleag (Ulick) de Burgh (Burke), 1st Clanricarde or Mac William Uachtar (English: /ˈjuːlɪk dəˈbɜːr ... klænˈrɪkɑːrd/ YOO-lik də-BUR ... klan-RIK-ard; died 1343 or 1353) was an Irish chieftain and noble who was leader of one of the three factions who fought the Burke Civil War in the 1330s. By the end of the conflict he had established himself and his descendants as Clanricarde, also known as Mac William Uachtar (Upper Mac William), independent lords of Galway. He was succeeded by his son, Richard Óg Burke, 2nd Clanricarde (d.1387).

Richard Óg Burke
Richard Óg Burke, 2nd Clanricarde or Mac William Uachtar (English: /klænˈrɪkɑːrd/ klan-RIK-ard; died 1387) was an Irish chieftain and nobleman who was the son of Sir Ulick Burke or Uilleag de Burgh, 1st Clanricarde (d.1343/1353).
Smith & Wesson Model 13
The Smith & Wesson Model 13 (Military & Police Magnum) is a .357 Magnum revolver designed for military and police use. It is based on Smith & Wesson's K-frame—specifically, it is a .357 Magnum version of the heavy-barrel variant of the .38 Special Model 10 (originally called the Military & Police).

Smith & Wesson Model 10
The Smith & Wesson Model 10, previously known as the Smith & Wesson .38 Hand Ejector Model of 1899, the Smith & Wesson Military & Police or the Smith & Wesson Victory Model, is a K-frame revolver. In production since 1899, the Model 10 is a six-shot, .38 Special, double-action revolver with fixed sights. Over its production run it has been available with barrel lengths of 2 in (51 mm), 3 in (76 mm), 4 in (100 mm), 5 in (130 mm), and 6 in (150 mm). Barrels of 2.5 inches (64 mm) are also known to have been made for special contracts. Over 6,000,000 of the type have been produced over the years, making it the most-produced handgun of the 20th century.
Pembaur v. City of Cincinnati
Pembaur v. City of Cincinnati, 475 U.S. 469 (1986), is a United States Supreme Court case that clarified a previous case, Monell v. Department of Social Services (1978), and established that municipalities can be held liable even for a single decision that is improperly made.

Monell v. Department of Social Services of the City of New York
Monell v. Department of Social Services, 436 U.S. 658 (1978), is an opinion given by the United States Supreme Court in which the Court overruled Monroe v. Pape by holding that a local government is a "person" subject to suit under Section 1983 of Title 42 of the United States Code: Civil action for deprivation of rights. Additionally, the Court held that §1983 claims against municipal entities must be based on implementation of a policy or custom.
Aguilar de Campoo case
The Aguilar de Campoo case refers to the disappearance of Virginia Guerrero Espejo and Manuela Torres Bouggefa, two teenaged girls, on April 23, 1992. Guerrero (14) and Torres (13) were last seen hitchhiking from the municipality of Reinosa, Cantabria, to their hometown of Aguilar de Campoo, Palencia. Their disappearance remains unsolved.

The case is often linked to that of the Alcàsser Girls, whose kidnapping and murder later in 1992 became the center of much media coverage, and is commonly called the Alcàsser case of Palencia.

Alcàsser Girls
Desirée Hernández Folch, Miriam García Iborra and Antonia Gómez Rodríguez, collectively known as the Alcàsser Girls (Valencian: Les xiquetes d'Alcàsser, Spanish: Las niñas de Alcácer), were three teenage girls from Alcàsser, Valencia, Spain, who were kidnapped, raped, tortured and murdered after hitchhiking to visit a nightclub in the nearby town of Picassent on 13 November 1992. The case became notorious within Spain due to the brutality of the crimes, the highly criticised police investigation and the resulting media coverage.

Autopsies revealed the existence of seven hairs with seven distinct DNA profiles, none of them belonging to any of the girls or either of their alleged murderers, Antonio Anglés and Miguel Ricart. Of the two, Ricart was the only one jailed; the whereabouts of Anglés, still among Interpol's most wanted criminals, remains unknown.
Ferrari 250
The Ferrari 250 is a series of sports cars and grand tourers built by Ferrari from 1952 to 1964. The company's most successful early line, the 250 series includes many variants designed for road use or sports car racing. 250 series cars are characterised by their use of a 3.0 L (2,953 cc) Colombo V12 engine designed by Gioacchino Colombo. The 250 series designation refers to this engine's cylinder displacement of approximately 250 cc. They were replaced by the 275 and 330 series cars.

Ferrari 330
The Ferrari 330 was a series of V12 powered automobiles produced by Ferrari in 2+2 GT Coupé, two-seat Berlinetta, spyder, and race car versions between 1963 and 1968. The name "330" refers to the approximate displacement of each single cylinder in cubic centimeters.

The first, the 2+2 330 America, was a 250 GT/E with a larger 4.0-litre engine; the 330 GTC/GTS shared its chassis with the 275; the 330 GT 2+2 had its own chassis and bodywork; the mid-engined 330P racer was part of the Ferrari P series, produced in four models.  Production ended in 1968 with the introduction of the Ferrari 365 series.

All 330 models used an evolution of the 400 Superamerica's 4.0 L Colombo V12 engine. Bore and stroke were unusual 77 mm by 71 mm. It was substantially changed, with wider bore spacing and an alternator replacing a generator.
Fort Garry Hotel
The Fort Garry Hotel—officially the Fort Garry Hotel, Spa and Conference Centre—is an early-20th-century hotel in downtown Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, that opened for the first time on December 11, 1913. Built by the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, it is one of Canada's grand railway hotels and the only surviving remnant from that era in Winnipeg.

It was designated as a National Historic Site of Canada in 1981, and as a Manitoba Provincial Heritage Site in 1990. A national heritage park connected to the hotel and to the remains of Upper Fort Garry was completed in 2017-2018.

Grand railway hotels of Canada
Canada's grand railway hotels are a series of railway hotels across the country, each a local and national landmark, and most of which are icons of Canadian history and architecture; some are considered to be the grand hotels of the British Empire. Each hotel was originally built by the Canadian railway companies, or the railways acted as a catalyst for the hotel's construction. The hotels were designed to serve the passengers of the country's then expanding rail network, and they celebrated rail travel in style.
BL 8-inch howitzer Mk I–V
The BL 8-inch howitzer Mark I through to Mark V (1 to 5) were a British improvisation developed early in the First World War to provide heavy artillery. It used shortened and bored-out barrels from various redundant naval 6-inch guns.

It bore no relation to the later 8-inch howitzer of the First World War, the Vickers 8-inch Mark VI to VIII howitzers which succeeded it.

BL 8-inch howitzer Mk VI–VIII
The BL 8-inch howitzer Marks VI, VII and VIII (6, 7 and 8) were a series of British artillery siege howitzers on mobile carriages of a new design introduced in World War I. They were designed by Vickers in Britain and produced by all four British artillery manufacturers but mainly by Armstrong and one American company. They were the equivalents of the German 21 cm Morser 16 and in British service were used similarly to the BL 9.2-inch howitzer but were quicker to manufacture and more mobile. They delivered a 200 lb (91 kg) shell to 12,300 yd (7.0 mi; 11.2 km). They had limited service in the British Army in World War II before being converted to the new 7.2 in (180 mm) calibre. They also equipped a small number of Australian and Canadian batteries in World War I and by the US Army in that war. They were used in small numbers by other European armies.
Lincs Wind Farm
The Lincs Wind Farm is a 270 MW offshore wind farm 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) off Skegness on the east coast of England.  The total cost of the project is estimated at £1 billion including electrical transmission links. The farm was completed in 2013. It is adjacent to the smaller Lynn and Inner Dowsing Wind Farm.

Lynn and Inner Dowsing Wind Farms
The Lynn and Inner Dowsing wind farms are a pair of round 1 wind farms located in the North Sea, in the shallow waters at the entrance to The Wash off the coast of Lincolnshire, England. The wind farms were developed as a single unit after planning consent was given in 2003. Construction work began in 2006 and was completed in 2009.

The farm has a maximum output of 194MW from 54 Siemens Wind Power 3.6-107 turbines with a generating capacity of 194 MW. The capacity factor of the farm has been 31 to 36%.
Meg and Seron
Meg and Seron (メグとセロン, Megu to Seron) is a Japanese light novel adventure series written by Keiichi Sigsawa, with illustrations by Kohaku Kuroboshi starring Meg, a supporting character from Lillia and Treize. The first novel was released on March 10, 2008, published by MediaWorks under their Dengeki Bunko label.

Lillia and Treize
Lillia and Treize (リリアとトレイズ, Riria to Toreizu) is a Japanese light novel adventure series written by Keiichi Sigsawa, with illustrations by Kohaku Kuroboshi, starring the children of the characters from Allison. There are six light novels in the series, published by MediaWorks under their Dengeki Bunko label. The first novel was released on March 10, 2005, and the last novel was published on April 10, 2007; there are three stories in the six volumes, with each story taking up two volumes. The series was followed by Meg and Seron. A manga adaptation by Hiroki Haruse was serialized in the shōjo manga magazine Comic Sylph, also published by MediaWorks, between December 9, 2006, and November 22, 2008, and compiled in two volumes. An anime adaptation aired between April and October 2008 based on both the Allison and Lillia and Treize novels, known as Allison & Lillia.
Faustin E. Wirkus
Faustin Edmond Wirkus (Haitian Creole: (R)wa Faustin II Wirkus; 16 November 1896 – 8 October 1945) was a Polish-American United States Marine stationed in Haiti during the United States occupation of Haiti (1915–1934). He was reputedly crowned Faustin II, King of La Gonâve, a Haitian island west of Hispaniola, by Queen Ti Memenne of La Gonâve on 18 July 1926, and co-ruled as monarch for three years until he was transferred by the United States Marine Corps to the United States mainland in 1929.

Ti Memenne of La Gonâve
Queen Ti Memenne of La Gonâve (also written as Timemenne; 19th-century – fl. 1929) was the tribal ruler of La Gonâve, a Haitian island located west of Hispaniola in the Gulf of Gonâve, between sometime before 1926 and until at least 1929. While her reign was not officially recognized by the republican government of Haiti during American occupation, she maintained political, economic, spiritual, and social leadership of the island.

Arrested by the Garde d'Haïti for being a practitioner of Vodou, she was shown compassion by Faustin E. Wirkus, an American military officer who assisted in her release. She later proclaimed Wirkus to be the reincarnation of former Haitian Emperor Faustin Soulouque and crowned him as a co-ruler over La Gonâve.
Greater palatine foramen
The greater palatine foramen is, along with the lesser palatine foramen, one of two foramina (holes) in each of the left and right palatine bones which form the posterior roof of the human mouth, known as the palate. It is sometimes known as the major palatine foramen.

The greater palatine foramen functions primarily for the transmission of the descending palatine vessels and greater palatine nerve; running anteriorly (forward) and medially (towards the center-line) from it is a groove, for the same vessels and nerve.

Lesser palatine foramina
The lesser palatine foramina are a pair of foramina (openings) on each of the palatine bones, which form the posterior roof of the human mouth. They are sometimes referred to as the minor palatine foramina. The lesser palatine foramina form a passage through the bone for the lesser palatine nerves and the lesser palatine arteries so that they may reach the soft palate from above. They are positioned posterior to the greater palatine foramen, in the pyramidal process of the palatine bone.
Ginsters
Ginsters /ˈɡɪnstərz/ is a company based in Callington in Cornwall, in the south-west of England. The largest pasty maker in the UK in turnover, it specialises in making mass-produced pasties, sausage rolls, sandwiches, pasta bowls and other savoury snacks. Since 1977, it has been owned by Mark and David Samworth.

Samworth Brothers
Samworth Brothers is a British food manufacturer which produces a range of chilled and ambient foods, both own-label and branded. It is the owner of Cornish pasty maker Ginsters and malt loaf manufacturer Soreen, and is also known as a maker of certified Melton Mowbray pork pies.
Saud bin Nayef Al Saud
Saud bin Nayef Al Saud (Arabic: سعود بن نايف بن عبد العزيز آل سعود; born 1956) is a Saudi Arabian politician who has served as governor of Eastern Province since 13 January 2013. A member of the House of Saud and a grandson of Saudi's founder King Abdulaziz, he is the former head of the Crown Prince Court and special advisor to the Saudi Crown Prince. Prince Saud was once regarded as one of the candidates for king or crown prince when succession passed to the new generation. However, on the death of King Abdullah in 2015, he was passed over in the line of succession in favor of his younger brother Mohammed bin Nayef.

Muhammad bin Nayef
Muhammad bin Nayef Al Saud (Arabic: محمد بن نايف آل سعود, romanized: Muḥammad bin Nāyif Āl Su‘ūd; born 30 August 1959), colloquially known by his initials MBN or MbN, is a Saudi Arabian former politician and businessman who served as the crown prince and first deputy prime minister of Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2017 and as the minister of interior from 2012 to 2017. Prince Muhammad is a grandson of the founding monarch, King Abdulaziz, and son of the former crown prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz. Muhammad and Nayef were the first father-son duo in Saudi history to serve as crown prince. Muhammad's uncle King Salman named him as crown prince on 29 April 2015. On 21 June 2017 the king appointed his own son, Mohammed bin Salman, as crown prince and relieved Muhammad bin Nayef of all positions. He has been in detention since 6 March 2020 along with his uncle Ahmed and his half-brother Nawwaf.
Galician chant
The Galician chant (Ukrainian: галицький розспів), is a form of liturgical chant originating in Western Ukraine, particularly in the region of Galacia. It is used predominantly in the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church and in some Ukraine Orthodox communities in the diaspora (notably the Western Eparchy of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada), and to a lesser degree the Orthodox Church of Ukraine. Like the Kievan and Znamenny chants, the Galician chant is organized according to the system of eight tones (modes or glasy).

Znamenny chant
Znamenny Chant (Russian: знаменное пение, знаменный распев) is a singing tradition used by some in the Russian Eastern Orthodox Church. Znamenny Chant is a unison, melismatic liturgical singing that has its own specific notation, called the stolp notation. The symbols used in the stolp notation are called kryuki (Russian: крюки, 'hooks') or znamëna (Russian: знамёна, 'signs'). Often the names of the signs are used to refer to the stolp notation. Znamenny melodies are part of a system, consisting of 'eight tones' (intonation structures; called glasy); the melodies are characterized by fluency and balance.

There exist several types of Znamenny Chant: the so-called Stolpovoy, Malyj (Little) and Bolshoy (Great) Znamenny Chant. Ruthenian Chant (Prostopinije) is sometimes considered a sub-division of the Znamenny Chant tradition, with the Russian Chant (Znamenny Chant proper) being the second branch of the same musical continuum.
Mioty
Mioty is a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) protocol. It uses telegram splitting, a standardized LPWAN technology in the license-free spectrum. This technology splits a data telegram into multiple sub packets and sends them after applying error correcting codes, in a partly predefined time and frequency pattern. This makes a transmission robust to interferences and packet collisions. It is standardised in the TS 103 357 ETSI. Its uplink operates in the 868 MHz band, license free in Europe, and 916 MHz band in North America. It requires a bandwidth of 200 kHz for two channels (e.g. up- and downlink).

Low-power wide-area network
A low-power, wide-area network (LPWAN or LPWA network) is a type of wireless telecommunication wide area network designed to allow long-range communication at a low bit rate between IoT devices, such as sensors operated on a battery.

Low power, low bit rate, and intended use distinguish this type of network from a wireless WAN that is designed to connect users or businesses, and carry more data, using more power. The LPWAN data rate ranges from 0.3 kbit/s to 50 kbit/s per channel.

A LPWAN may be used to create a private wireless sensor network, but may also be a service or infrastructure offered by a third party, allowing the owners of sensors to deploy them in the field without investing in gateway technology.
Nonexistent objects
In metaphysics and ontology, nonexistent objects are a concept advanced by Austrian philosopher Alexius Meinong in the 19th and 20th centuries within a "theory of objects". He was interested in intentional states which are directed at nonexistent objects. Starting with the "principle of intentionality", mental phenomena are intentionally directed towards an object. People may imagine, desire or fear something that does not exist. Other philosophers concluded that intentionality is not a real relation and therefore does not require the existence of an object, while Meinong concluded there is an object for every mental state whatsoever—if not an existent then at least a nonexistent one.

Object of the mind
An object of the mind is an object that exists in the mind or imagination, but which, in the real world, can only be represented or modeled. Some such objects are abstractions, concepts and scenarios in literature and fiction.

Closely related are intentional objects, which are what thoughts and feelings are about, even if they are not about anything real (such as thoughts about unicorns, or feelings of apprehension about a dental appointment which is subsequently cancelled). However, intentional objects may coincide with real objects (as in thoughts about horses, or a feeling of regret about a missed appointment).
Fanny Kekelaokalani
Fanny Kekuʻiapoiwa Kailikulani Leleoili Kulua Kekelaokalani Young Naʻea (July 21, 1806 – September 4, 1880), was a Hawaiian high chiefess and a member of the royal family of the Hawaiian Kingdom, and mother of Queen Emma of Hawaii.

Queen Emma of Hawaii
Emma Kalanikaumakaʻamano Kaleleonālani Naʻea Rooke (January 2, 1836 – April 25, 1885) was queen of Hawaii as the wife of King Kamehameha IV from 1856 to his death in 1863. She was later known for being a humanitarian, establishing a hospital, and was an unsuccessful candidate for the throne. For her missionary activities she is venerated as a holy woman in the American Episcopal Church.
NPO Zappelin
NPO Zappelin  is a Dutch television program block for younger children that launched as Z@ppelin in September 2000. The brand was created as a counterbalance to violent programming on its commercial competitors.

Before Z@ppelin, the programmes were scheduled on all three public channels (Nederland 1, 2, and 3). On 4 September 2005, Z@ppelin became a channel for children aged 2–6 years. The @ in the name of the channel was dropped on 10 September 2012.

On 12 March 2013, the NPO announced that Zapp and Zappelin would be renamed as NPO Zapp and NPO Zappelin. The reason for this change is to make the channels and its programmes more recognisable. The rebranding completed on 19 August 2014. Together with NPO Zapp it broadcasts on NPO 3 during daytime. It is also part of the 24-hour children's channel NPO Zappelin Extra.

NPO 3
NPO 3 (known as Nederland 3 [ˌneːdərlɑn ˈdri] until 2014) is the third and youngest of the terrestrial television channels operated by the Dutch public-broadcasting organization NPO in the Netherlands. It carries programmes provided by member-based non-profit broadcasting associations and is oriented towards children, youth, and innovative television. The channel is also available on cable companies in its overseas dependencies in the Caribbean, either live or time-shifted.