hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
GenX
GenX is a Chemours trademark name for a synthetic, short-chain organofluorine chemical compound, the ammonium salt of hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA). It can also be used more informally to refer to the group of related fluorochemicals that are used to produce GenX. DuPont began the commercial development of GenX in 2009 as a replacement for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, also known as C8), in response to legal action due to the health effects and ecotoxicity of PFOA.

Although GenX was designed to be less persistent in the environment compared to PFOA, its effects may be equally harmful or even more detrimental than those of the chemical it was meant to replace.

GenX is one of many synthetic organofluorine compounds collectively known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs).

Chemours
The Chemours Company (/kɛˈmɔːrz/, kem-ORZ) is an American chemical company that was founded in July 2015 as a spin-off from DuPont. It has its corporate headquarters in Wilmington, Delaware, United States. Chemours is the manufacturer of Teflon, the brand name of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), known for its anti-stick properties. It also produces titanium dioxide and refrigerant gases.
Monkey Grip (film)
Monkey Grip is a 1982 Australian drama film directed by Ken Cameron. It is based on the novel, also titled Monkey Grip (1977), by Helen Garner. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section the 1982 Cannes Film Festival. The film was produced by Patricia Lovell and stars Noni Hazelhurst and Colin Friels, and featured an original soundtrack by Australian rock band the Divinyls.

Noni Hazlehurst
Leonie Elva "Noni" Hazlehurst AM is an Australian actress, director, writer, presenter, and broadcaster who has appeared on television and radio, in dramas, mini-series, and made for television films, as well also on stage and in feature films since the early 1970s. Hazlehurst has been honoured with numerous awards, including Australian Film Institute Awards, ARIA Awards and Logies, including being inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2016.
Lauren London
Lauren Nicole London (born December 5, 1984) is an American actress. She is known for her roles in films and televisions shows including ATL (2006), This Christmas (2007), Madea's Big Happy Family (2011), Baggage Claim (2013), The Game (2013–2015), Games People Play (2019), Without Remorse (2021), and You People (2023).

In 2022, London and PUMA collaborated on the L.A Love Story project. The footwear and apparel collection is inspired by her hometown, Los Angeles. Items also feature her late boyfriend Nipsey Hussle, who was fatally shot on March 31, 2019, in Los Angeles.

Madea's Big Happy Family (film)
Madea's Big Happy Family is a 2011 American comedy-drama film based on Tyler Perry's 2010 play of the same name. It is the 11th film in the Tyler Perry film franchise and the sixth in the Madea film franchise. Tyler Perry reprised Madea and Joe, and the other cast members include Loretta Devine, Bow Wow, David Mann, Cassi Davis, Tamela Mann, Lauren London, Isaiah Mustafa, Natalie Desselle, Teyana Taylor, Rodney Perry, and Shannon Kane. It tells the story of Madea finding out that her niece is dying from cancer as she gathers her niece's children and their family members together to deal with the news while contending with the different issues between them. Madea's Big Happy Family grossed $53.3 million.
Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham
Field Marshal Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham, PC (24 October 1675 – 14 September 1749) was a British army officer and Whig politician. After serving as a junior officer under William III during the Williamite War in Ireland and during the Nine Years' War, he fought under John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough during the War of the Spanish Succession. During the War of the Quadruple Alliance Temple led a force of 4,000 troops on a raid on the Spanish coastline which captured Vigo and Pontevedra for ten days. In Parliament he generally supported the Whigs but fell out with Sir Robert Walpole in 1733. He was known for his ownership of and modifications to the estate at Stowe House and for serving as a political mentor to the young William Pitt.

Stowe House
Stowe House is a Grade I listed country house in Stowe, Buckinghamshire, England. It is the home of the private Stowe School and is owned by the Stowe House Preservation Trust. Over the years, it has been restored and maintained as one of the finest country houses in the UK. Stowe House is regularly open to the public.

The gardens (known as Stowe Gardens, formerly Stowe Landscape Gardens) are a significant example of the English landscape garden and, along with the parkland, passed into the ownership of the National Trust in 1989. Members of the National Trust have free access to the gardens, but there is a charge for all visitors to the house, which goes toward the costs of restoration. The gardens and most of the parkland are listed Grade I separately from the house. The park and gardens saw 213,721 visitors during 2020/21.
The Uncommon Prayer-Book
"The Uncommon Prayer-Book" is a ghost story by the English writer M. R. James, first published in The Atlantic Monthly in June 1921, and collected in James' books A Warning to the Curious and Other Ghost Stories (1925) and The Collected Ghost Stories of M. R. James (1931). The story concerns supernatural activities surrounding unusual editions of the Book of Common Prayer commissioned by Anne Sadleir. It was adapted for radio by BBC Home Service West in 1952 and by BBC Radio 4 FM in 1968.

A Warning to the Curious and Other Ghost Stories
A Warning to the Curious and Other Ghost Stories is the title of M. R. James' fourth and final collection of ghost stories, published in 1925.

Montague Rhodes James (1862–1936) was a medievalist scholar; Provost of King's College, Cambridge. He wrote many of his ghost stories to be read aloud in the long tradition of spooky Christmas Eve tales. His stories often use rural settings, with a quiet, scholarly protagonist getting caught up in the activities of supernatural forces. The details of horror are almost never explicit, the stories relying on a gentle, bucolic background to emphasise the awfulness of the otherworldly intrusions.
Vitória S.C. B
Vitória Sport Clube B, commonly known as Vitória de Guimarães B, is a Portuguese professional football team based in Guimarães, which serves as the reserve side of Vitória Sport Clube. They compete in the Campeonato de Portugal, the fourth division of Portuguese football, and play their home matches at the club's 2,500-capacity Academia do Vitória S.C. training facility.

Vitória SC B was founded in 2012 and its only purpose is to develop players for the first team in a competitive context, in order to sustain the first team now and in the future.

Reserve teams in Portugal play in the same league system as the senior team, rather than in a reserve team league. However, they cannot play in the same division as their senior team, so Vitória B is ineligible for promotion to the Primeira Liga and cannot play in the Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga.

FC Porto B
Futebol Clube do Porto B, commonly known as Porto B, is a Portuguese professional football team, which serves as the reserve side of FC Porto. They compete in the Liga Portugal 2, the second division of Portuguese football, and play their home matches at the CTFD PortoGaia main pitch.

As a reserve side, the team cannot compete in the same division as their senior team, thus being ineligible for promotion to the Primeira Liga. In addition, they cannot participate in other domestic cup competitions, such as the Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga.

Domestically, Porto B are the first and only reserve side to have won the second division title, after a successful campaign in the 2015–16 season. Internationally, the team is the record holder of the Premier League International Cup competition, after two wins in the 2016–17 and 2017–18 editions.
Carrie Campbell Severino
Carrie Campbell Severino (born 1976/1977) is an American lawyer and conservative political activist. She is the president of the Concord Fund, where she supported the Supreme Court nominations of Amy Coney Barrett and Brett Kavanaugh. She is the coauthor (with Mollie Hemingway) of Justice on Trial: The Kavanaugh Confirmation and the Future of the Supreme Court.

Concord Fund
The Concord Fund (formerly the Judicial Crisis Network and the Judicial Confirmation Network) is an American conservative advocacy organization. Its president is Carrie Severino, a former law clerk for Supreme Court justice Clarence Thomas. In 2020, OpenSecrets described the organization as having "unmatched influence in recent years in shaping the federal judiciary." It is among a network of organizations associated with Leonard Leo, a co-chair of the Federalist Society, that are funded mostly by anonymous donors, with funding distributed by Concord and a related group, The 85 Fund.
Banff-Cochrane
Banff-Cochrane was a provincial electoral district in Alberta, Canada, mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1940 to 1975, and again from 1979 to 2019. The Banff-Cochrane electoral district is home to the town of Banff and the popular tourist destination Banff National Park, environmental issues tend to dominate here.

The cost of living is significantly high especially in Canmore where there is a struggle to fill low wage service sector jobs, due to the high cost of living. Bears and wildlife encounters are also common in this riding, requiring extra attention to waste disposal. The area has many ski resorts and a number of ranchers and farmers make their home in the Alberta Foothills.

The riding was first created in 1940 out of the north half of the old Rocky Mountain riding, and the Cochrane riding. From 1975 to 1979 the riding was renamed Banff but was later reversed.

Cochrane (provincial electoral district)
Cochrane was a provincial electoral district in Alberta, Canada, mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1909 to 1926 using the First Past the Post voting system and using instant-runoff voting from 1926 to 1940.
Lyonnaise cuisine
Lyonnaise cuisine refers to cooking traditions and practices centering on the area around the French city of Lyon and historical Lyonnais culinary traditions.

Lyonnaise cuisine became a crossroads of many regional culinary traditions. Among ingredients from neighboring places are summer vegetables from farms in Bresse and Charolais, game from the Dombes, lake fish from Savoy, spring fruits and vegetables from Drôme and Ardèche, and wines from Beaujolais and the Rhone Valley.

In the 19th century, middle-class women, nicknamed the "Lyonnaise mothers", left their homes to work as cooks and created new culinary traditions incorporating their regional roots.  Part of this legacy can be seen in the numerous Bouchon restaurants around the city centre of Lyon.

In 1935, the food critic Curnonsky described the city of Lyon as the "world capital of gastronomy".

Bouchon
A bouchon (French pronunciation: [buʃɔ̃]) is a type of restaurant found in Lyon, France, that serves traditional Lyonnaise cuisine, such as sausages, coq-au-vin, "salade lyonnaise", duck pâté or roast pork. Compared to other forms of French cooking such as nouvelle cuisine, the dishes are quite hearty. There are approximately twenty officially certified traditional bouchons, but a larger number of establishments describe themselves using the term.

Typically, the emphasis in a bouchon is not on haute cuisine but, rather, a convivial atmosphere and a personal relationship with the owner.
Pneumocandin B0
Pneumocandin B0, also known as pneumocandin B0, pneumocandin B(0), and hydroxy echinocandin, is an organic chemical compound with the formula C50H80N8O17, produced by the fungus Glarea lozoyensis.

It is a strong antifungal and inhibits the synthesis of β-(1→3)-D-glucan, which is a fundamental component in most cell walls, like the Candida albicans membrane. This is a very important activity since there is an increase in the frequency of fungal infections, accompanied by an increase in the variety of opportunistic and pathogenic fungi such as Candida.

This compound is used to synthesize caspofungin.

Pneumocandin B0 can be easily confused with pneumocandin B, although they have different side chains and residues.

Caspofungin
Caspofungin (INN; brand name Cancidas) is a lipopeptide antifungal drug from Merck & Co., Inc. It is a member of a class of antifungals termed the echinocandins. It works by inhibiting the enzyme (1→3)-β-D-glucan synthase and thereby disturbing the integrity of the fungal cell wall.

Caspofungin was the first inhibitor of fungal (1→3)-β-D-glucan synthesis to be approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Caspofungin is administered intravenously. Caspofungin is a therapeutic alternative on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Mark Miller (soccer)
Mark Miller (born June 12, 1962) is an American retired soccer forward. A native of Tacoma, Washington, Miller attended the University of Portland where he played on the men's soccer team under coach Clive Charles. Miller was on the team from 1981 to 1984. In 1985 and 1986, he played with F.C. Portland of the Western Soccer Alliance. In 1986, he was the league's second leading scorer with 19 points on 7 goals and 5 assists. Teammate Brent Goulet won the points title that year with 20 points on 9 goals and 2 assists. While F.C. Portland ran to the second best record on Goulet and Miller's scoring, the WSA named a champion based on regular season record only. The Hollywood Kickers therefore took the alliance title.

Miller later played with the Portland Timbers in 1989 and 1990.

As of 2007 he coaches with the F.C. Portland youth club.

Portland Timbers (1985–1990)
Portland Timbers, previously known as F.C. Portland, came into existence in 1985 as an independent U.S. soccer team based in Portland, Oregon.  In 1989, the team adopted the name Portland Timbers.  Portland was composed of both professional and amateur players.  The amateur players largely came from local Portland amateur leagues.  It played its games in Portland's Civic Stadium.
Liz Sherman
Elizabeth Anne "Liz" Sherman is a fictional character appearing in the Hellboy comic book series created by Mike Mignola. A firestarter, she becomes a ward of the B.P.R.D. at age 11 after burning her family to death in a traumatic accident. Sherman later hones her abilities and becomes a longtime field agent for the Bureau alongside Hellboy and Abe Sapien.

In the live-action films by Guillermo del Toro, Sherman is played by Selma Blair and is portrayed as a love interest for Hellboy. Blair reprised the role for the Hellboy Animated films.

Hellboy Animated
Hellboy Animated is an American straight-to-DVD anime-inspired superhero film series based upon the Hellboy comic books by Mike Mignola. Both films are anthologies and contain the full-length titles named Sword of Storms and Blood and Iron, received the signature of Mike Mignola and Guillermo del Toro.
Casey Miller
Casey Geddes Miller (February 26, 1919 – January 5, 1997) was an American feminist author and editor best known for promoting the use of non-sexist writing in the English language. With Kate Swift, her business partner and platonic domestic partner, she wrote influential books and articles about sexism in the English language.

Gender-neutral language
Gender-neutral language  is language that avoids reference towards a particular sex or gender. In English, this includes use of nouns that are not gender-specific to refer to roles or professions, formation of phrases in a coequal manner, and discontinuing the collective use of male or female terms.  A related term  is gender-inclusive language.

For example, the words policeman and stewardess are gender-specific job titles; corresponding gender-neutral terms are police officer and flight attendant. Some terms, such as chairman, that contain the component -man but have traditionally been used to refer to persons regardless of sex are now seen by some as gender-specific. An example of forming phrases in a coequal manner would be using husband and wife instead of man and wife. Examples of discontinuing the collective use of terms in English when referring to those with unknown or indeterminate gender as singular they, and using humans, people, or humankind, instead of man or mankind.
Edible bird's nest
Edible bird's nests, also known as swallow nests (Chinese: 燕窝; pinyin: yànwō), are bird nests created from solidified saliva by edible-nest swiftlets, Indian swiftlets and other swiftlets of the genera Aerodramus, Hydrochous, Schoutedenapus and Collocalia, which are harvested for human consumption.

Swiftlet nests have been used as a delicacy for over 400 years, most often as soup. They are particularly prized in Chinese cuisine due to the rarity, high protein content and rich flavor, and are among the most expensive animal products consumed by humans, with prices up to about $4,300 per pound ($9,500/kg) depending on grading (based on shape, colour, and species). They are usually white, but there is also a red version that is sometimes called 'blood nest' (Chinese: 血燕; pinyin: Xuě Yàn).

Edible-nest swiftlet
The edible-nest swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus), also known as the white-nest swiftlet, is a small bird of the swift family which is found in Southeast Asia. Its opaque and whitish bird nest is made exclusively of solidified saliva and is the main ingredient of bird's nest soup, a delicacy of Chinese cuisine. Germain's swiftlet (Aerodramus germani) is now treated as conspecific with this species.
2009 FIBA Africa Under-16 Championship
The 2009 FIBA Africa Under-16 Championship for Men (alternatively the Afrobasket U16) was the 1st U-16 FIBA Africa championship, played under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Basketball, the basketball sport governing body and qualified for the 2010 World Cup. The tournament was held from September 19–26 in Maputo, Mozambique, contested by 9 national teams and won by Egypt.

The tournament qualified the winner for the 2010 U17 World Championship.

2010 FIBA Under-17 World Championship
The 2010 FIBA Under-17 World Championship (German: FIBA U17-Weltmeisterschaft 2010) was the inaugural edition of the FIBA Under-17 World Championship, the biennial international men's youth basketball championship contested by the U17 national teams of the member associations of FIBA. It was hosted by Hamburg, Germany from 2 to 11 July 2010.

The United States won their first title in the tournament against Poland.
John Hulke
John Whitaker Hulke FRCS FRS FGS (6 November 1830 – 19 February 1895) was a British surgeon, geologist and fossil collector. He was the son of a physician in Deal, who became a Huxleyite despite being deeply religious.

Hulke became Huxley's colleague at the Royal College of Surgeons. He was a long-time collector from the Wealden cliffs of the Isle of Wight, and his work on vertebrate palaeontology included studies of Iguanodon and Hypsilophodon from the Wealden (Lower Cretaceous). He became president of the Geological Society (1882–84); and was awarded Wollaston Medal in 1888. He was president of the Pathological Society of London in 1883, and president of the Royal College of Surgeons from 1893 until his death.

Wollaston Medal
The Wollaston Medal is a scientific award for geology and the highest award granted by the Geological Society of London, the oldest geological society in the world. It is considered to be the most prestigious award in geology, and is given for outstanding contributions to geoscience. The medal is named after English chemist William Hyde Wollaston, and was first awarded in 1831.

The Wollaston Medal was originally made of gold (1831–1845), and then palladium, which was the metal discovered by Wollaston (1846–1860). It was switched to gold again from 1861 to 1929, and then back to palladium from 1930 to present.
Diagonal matrix
In linear algebra, a diagonal matrix is a matrix in which the entries outside the main diagonal are all zero; the term usually refers to square matrices. Elements of the main diagonal can either be zero or nonzero. An example of a 2×2 diagonal matrix is , while an example of a 3×3 diagonal matrix is. An identity matrix of any size, or any multiple of it is a diagonal matrix called a scalar matrix, for example, . 
In geometry, a diagonal matrix may be used as a scaling matrix, since matrix multiplication with it results in changing scale (size) and possibly also shape; only a scalar matrix results in uniform change in scale.

Identity matrix
In linear algebra, the identity matrix of size  is the  square matrix with ones on the main diagonal and zeros elsewhere. It has unique properties, for example when the identity matrix represents a geometric transformation, the object remains unchanged by the transformation. In other contexts, it is analogous to multiplying by the number 1.
Raw Spirit
Raw Spirit: In Search of the Perfect Dram is a nonfiction book by Iain Banks, first published in 2003. It is his only nonfiction book.

The book is about whisky, or finding the perfect dram while travelling in Scotland. Other recurring themes in the book are George W. Bush, the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and Banks' love for motor vehicles.

Iain Banks
Iain Menzies Banks (/ˈmɪŋɪz/ ⓘ; 16 February 1954 – 9 June 2013) was a Scottish author, writing mainstream fiction as Iain Banks and science fiction as Iain M. Banks. His books have been adapted for theatre, radio, and television. In 2008, The Times named Banks in their list of the 50 greatest British writers since 1945.

Banks began writing full time after the success of his debut novel The Wasp Factory (1984), which has since sold over a million copies and been translated into 80 languages. The novel was named one of the 100 best books of the 20th century in a 1997 poll by Waterstones and Channel 4; in 2016, it was ranked the second-best Scottish novel of all time in an equivalent poll by the BBC. His first science fiction book, Consider Phlebas (1987), marked the start of the Culture series, consisting of eight further novels.

In April 2013, Banks revealed he had inoperable cancer and was unlikely to live beyond a year. He died on 9 June 2013, at the age of 59.
Midland, Michigan
Midland is a city in Midland County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. The population was 42,547 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Midland metropolitan statistical area, part of the larger Saginaw-Midland-Bay City combined statistical area. The city is bordered by Midland Township, though the two are administered separately.

Midland is located at the confluence of Chippewa and Tittabawassee rivers in Central Michigan. The city is home to the headquarters of Dow Chemical Company, one of the largest chemical producers in the world, which was founded by Herbert Henry Dow in the city in 1897. The city is also home to Midland Center for the Arts and Northwood University.

Herbert Henry Dow
Herbert Henry Dow (February 26, 1866 – October 15, 1930) was an American chemical industrialist who founded the American multinational conglomerate Dow Chemical.  A graduate of the Case School of Applied Science in Cleveland, Ohio, he was a prolific inventor of chemical processes, compounds, and products, notably bromine extraction from brine water, and was a successful businessman.