hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Valsøyfjord
Valsøyfjord is a small village in Heim Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located along the Arasvikfjorden, just west of the Valsøyfjorden. The European route E39 highway runs through the village, just west of the Valsøy Bridge.

The whole parish of Valsøyfjord includes the village where the Valsøyfjord Church is located plus the whole area surrounding the Valsøyfjorden. The parish is home to about 800 people. Most of the people are working in agriculture and public services.

Valsøyfjorden
Valsøyfjorden is a fjord in Heim Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is a 10-kilometre (6.2 mi) fjord arm off of the Arasvikfjorden and it runs south past the island of Valsøya. The villages along the fjord include Engan, Hjellnes, and Valsøybotnen. The Valsøy Bridge is part of European route E39 and it was built in 1993 to cross over mouth of the fjord so travelers did not have to drive all the way around the fjord. The village of Valsøyfjord lies on the west side of the mouth of the fjord.
2008 Florida Amendment 2
Florida Amendment 2 is an amendment made to the constitution of the U.S. state of Florida in 2008. It added Article I, Section 27 to the constitution, which defines marriage as a union only between one man and one woman, and thus bans the creation of similar unions, such as civil unions or same-sex marriage.          Since 2014, the measure was litigated in court and was struck down by multiple state courts in several counties of southern Florida. Same-sex marriage became legal in Florida when the decision in the federal case Brenner v. Scott found the amendments banning same-sex marriage (including Amendment 2) to be unconstitutional.

Domestic partnership in Florida
Before the legalization of same-sex marriage in Florida in January 2015, same-sex couples were able to have their relationships recognized in some Florida localities that had established a legal status known as domestic partnership.

Same-sex marriage in Florida became legal on January 6, 2015, as a result of a temporary injunction issued by a U.S. district court in the case of Brenner v. Scott, in which the state's same-sex marriage ban had been found unconstitutional on August 21, 2014. On June 26, 2015, the Supreme Court of the United States, in a landmark decision, held it unconstitutional for states to ban same sex marriage. The Court Reasoned that the Fourteenth Amendment requires a state to license same sex marriages, as well as recognize same sex marriage licenses granted in other states.
Operational instruments of the Royal Observer Corps
The Royal Observer Corps (ROC) was a civil defence organisation operating in the United Kingdom between October 1925 and 31 December 1995, when the Corps' civilian volunteers were stood down. (ROC headquarters staff at RAF Bentley Priory stood down on 31 March 1996). Composed mainly of civilian spare-time volunteers, ROC personnel wore a Royal Air Force (RAF) style uniform and latterly came under the administrative control of RAF Strike Command and the operational control of the Home Office. Civilian volunteers were trained and administered by a small cadre of professional full-time officers under the command of the Commandant Royal Observer Corps; a serving RAF Air Commodore.

This sub article lists and describes the instruments used by the ROC in their nuclear detection and reporting role during the Cold War period.

Royal Observer Corps
The Royal Observer Corps (ROC) was a civil defence organisation intended for the visual detection, identification, tracking and reporting of aircraft over Great Britain. It operated in the United Kingdom between 29 October 1925 and 31 December 1995, when the Corps' civilian volunteers were stood down (ROC headquarters staff at RAF Bentley Priory stood down on 31 March 1996). Composed mainly of civilian spare-time volunteers, ROC personnel wore a Royal Air Force (RAF) style uniform and latterly came under the administrative control of RAF Strike Command and the operational control of the Home Office. Civilian volunteers were trained and administered by a small cadre of professional full-time officers under the command of the Commandant Royal Observer Corps; latterly a serving RAF Air Commodore.
Neu Wulmstorf
Neu Wulmstorf (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʏ ˈvʊlmstɔʁf] ⓘ; Low German: Vosshusen) is a municipality ('Einheitsgemeinde') in the district of Harburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It changed its name on December 11, 1964 from ″Wulmstorf″ to ″Neu Wulmstorf″ (lit. 'New Wulmstorf'). It is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region.

The municipality of Neu Wulmstorf consists of:

New Wulmstorf, consisting of
New Wulmstorf
Wulmstorf
Daerstorf

Elstorf, consisting of
Elstorf
Ardestorf
Elstorf-Bachheide

Rade consisting of
Rade
Mienenbüttel
Ohlenbüttel

Rübke

Schwiederstorf.

Ohlenbüttel
Ohlenbüttel (German pronunciation: [ˈoːlənˌbʏtl̩] ⓘ; Low German: Ömbüddel) is a village in the municipality of Neu Wulmstorf in the district of Harburg in the north east of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region.
Melkhista
Melkhista is a high-altitude historical region in the North Caucasus, located in the gorge of the same name. Today, Melkhista is a part of Motskaroyskoye rural settlement in Galanchozhsky District, Chechnya.

Since the Middle Ages, Melkhista has been known as the birthplace and historical center of the Melkhi tukkhum, one of the nine Chechen tukkhums. Before, Melkhista and Maysta were a part of Georgia, but were transferred to the Chechen Autonomous Oblast in 1927. In 1944, the entire population was deported to Kazakhstan. Since then, there has been no permanent population in the region.

Maysta
Maysta or Mäysta (Chechen: Майста, Маьйста, "highland, high-mountainous, upper territory") is a high-altitude region in the North Caucasus. Today, Maysta is a part of Galanchozhsky District, Chechnya, Russia.

Since the Middle Ages, Maysta has been known as the birthplace and historical center of the Maystoy teip. Before, Maysta and neighbouring Melkhista were a part of Georgia, but were transferred to the Chechen Autonomous Oblast in 1927. In 1944, the entire population was deported to Kazakhstan. Since then, there has been no permanent population in the region.
Definite description
In formal semantics and philosophy of language, a definite description is a denoting phrase in the form of "the X" where X is a noun-phrase or a singular common noun. The definite description is proper if X applies to a unique individual or object.  For example: "the first person in space" and "the 42nd President of the United States of America" are proper. The definite descriptions "the person in space" and "the Senator from Ohio" are improper because the noun phrase X applies to more than one thing, and the definite descriptions "the first man on Mars" and "the Senator from Washington D.C." are improper because X applies to nothing. Improper descriptions raise some difficult questions about the law of excluded middle, denotation, modality, and mental content.

Philosophy of language
Philosophy of language is the philosophical study of the nature of language. It investigates the relationship between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, indexicality, intentionality, reference, the constitution of sentences, concepts, learning, and thought.

Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell were pivotal figures in analytic philosophy's "linguistic turn". These writers were followed by Ludwig Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus), the Vienna Circle, logical positivists, and Willard Van Orman Quine.
Leonardo Ulloa
José Leonardo Ulloa Fernández (locally [xoˈse leoˈnaɾðowˈʎoa feɾˈnandes]; born 26 July 1986) is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as a striker.

After starting out with CAI, he joined San Lorenzo in 2005, going on to spend the better part of the following years in Spain with Castellón and Almería, competing in La Liga with the last of those clubs and also being Segunda División top scorer in the 2011–12 season.

Ulloa moved to England in 2013, where he represented Brighton & Hove Albion and Leicester City. He won the Premier League with the latter side in 2015–16.

2011–12 Segunda División
The 2011–12 Segunda División season (known as the Liga Adelante for sponsorship reasons) was the 81st since its establishment. The first matches of the season were played on 26 August 2011 after the Association of Spanish Footballers (AFE) called a strike, the regular league ended on 3 June 2012, while the entire season ended on 16 June 2012 with the promotion play-off finals.

The first goal of the season was scored by Xabier Etxeita, who scored a ninth-minute goal for Elche against Girona in the early kick-off. The first red card of the season was given to Richy from Girona in their opening game against Elche. The first hat-trick was scored by Joselu in the match between Villarreal B and Gimnàstic de Tarragona.
Plant physiology
Plant physiology is a subdiscipline of botany concerned with the functioning, or physiology, of plants. A professional in this field is called a Plant physiologist.

Plant physiologists study fundamental processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photoperiodism, photomorphogenesis, circadian rhythms, environmental stress physiology, seed germination, dormancy and stomata function, and transpiration. Plant physiology interacts with the fields of plant morphology (structure of plants), plant ecology (interactions with the environment), phytochemistry (biochemistry of plants), cell biology, genetics, biophysics and molecular biology.

Plant morphology
Plant morphology or phytomorphology is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants. This is usually considered distinct from plant anatomy, which is the study of the internal structure of plants, especially at the microscopic level. Plant morphology is useful in the visual identification of plants. Recent studies in molecular biology started to investigate the molecular processes involved in determining the conservation and diversification of plant morphologies. In these studies, transcriptome conservation patterns were found to mark crucial ontogenetic transitions during the plant life cycle which may result in evolutionary constraints limiting diversification.
María Esther Aguilar Cansimbe
The disappearance of María Esther Aguilar Cansimbe happened 11 November 2009 when the female newspaper journalist who worked for El Diario de Zamora and El Cambio de Michoacán in Michoacán, Mexico vanished. Her disappearance may or may not be linked to her coverage of the Mexican drug war but both Article 19 and Reporters Without Borders, two international press freedom organizations, have classified her disappearance as an act of enforced disappearance.

She is one of four journalists and the only woman to have disappeared between 2006 and 2010 in the state of Michoacán where the drug war began.

José Antonio García (journalist)
José Antonio García Apac, also known as "El Chino", was a Mexican journalist and editor for the Ecos de la Cuenca in Tepalcatepec, Michoacán, Mexico, when he disappeared 20 November 2006. He is best known for the news stories he published on the violent relationship between the drug cartels in his home state and its authorities.

According to the Committee to Protect Journalists, García was one of two journalists to go missing in Mexico in 2006, a year in which 8 journalists were killed. He was one of six missing journalists between 2005 and 2006.
Tranebjaerg–Svejgaard syndrome
Tranebjaerg–Svejgaard syndrome, also known as X-linked intellectual disability associated with psoriasis is a very rare genetic disorder which is characterized by intellectual disabilities, psychomotor development delays, seizures, psoriasis, and cranio-facial dysmorphisms. It is a type of X-linked syndromic intellectual disability. Only 4 cases have been described in medical literature.

Psychomotor retardation
Psychomotor retardation  involves a slowing down of thought and a reduction of physical movements in an individual. It can cause a visible slowing of physical and emotional reactions, including speech and affect.

Psychomotor retardation is most commonly seen in people with major depression and in the depressed phase of bipolar disorder; it is also associated with the adverse effects of certain drugs, such as benzodiazepines.
STARS-EC
STARS-EC (Space Tethered Autonomous Robotic Satellite Elevator of CubeSat, COSPAR 1998-067SE, SATCAT 47928) was a nanosatellite developed by Shizuoka University, for the purpose of demonstrating space elevator tether technology. It was a 3U-size CubeSat, and could split into three separate satellites, connected via tethers. STARS-EC was launched on 20 February 2021, and was deployed from the International Space Station (ISS). The deployment service of STARS-EC was provided by Mitsui Bussan Aerospace.

The satellite decayed from orbit on 15 April 2022.

STARS-II
Space Tethered Autonomous Robotic Satellite II or STARS-II, was a nanosatellite built by Japan's Kagawa University to test an electrodynamic tether in low Earth orbit, a follow-on to the STARS mission.

STARS-II was launched by an H-IIA rocket, flying in the 202 configuration, as a secondary payload aboard the launch of the GPM Core Observatory on 27 February 2014. After two months in orbit, STARS-II reentered the atmosphere on 26 April 2014.
Suzie Terry
Suzie Terry (née Opacic) is an English snooker player from Eastleigh. Winner of the 2006 World Ladies Junior Championship, she has twice reached the semi-finals of both the UK Women's Championship and the British Women's Open, and is a two-time runner-up (with Laura Evans) at the World Women's Pairs Championship.

Laura Evans (snooker player)
Laura Evans (born 1986) is a Welsh snooker player. She has been Welsh Ladies' snooker champion three times, and was runner-up in the 2015 Eden Ladies Masters and the 2017 World Women's 10-Red Championship.
Mark Schultz (wrestler)
Mark Philip Schultz (born October 26, 1960) is an Olympic Champion American freestyle wrestler. Schultz was a 3-time NCAA champion, Olympic champion and 2-time World champion. In 1995, Schultz was inducted into the National Wrestling Hall of Fame as a Distinguished Member. He is also in the San Jose Sports Hall of Fame, the California Wrestling Hall of Fame, and the San Mateo Peninsula Sports Hall of Fame.

He and his older brother, wrestler Dave Schultz, both won gold medals in wrestling in the same Olympics (1984). They are the only American brothers to win both World and Olympic gold, and have won more NCAA, U.S. Open, World, and Olympic titles than any other American brother combination in history.

He ended his career in the UFC IX under NHB (no-holds-barred) rules vs UFC VIII runner-up Gary "Big Daddy" Goodridge. His life story is in the book "Foxcatcher" a NY Times best seller & Amazon's "Editor's Pick".

Ed Banach
Edward Joseph "Ed" Banach (born February 6, 1960) is an athlete who won a gold medal in wrestling in the 1984 Summer Olympics. He wrestled for the University of Iowa under  coach Dan Gable from 1980 to 1983, where he was  a four-time NCAA All-American, and a three-time NCAA national champion (1980, 1981, and 1983). He was named the 1983 Big Ten Athlete of the Year.

Banach and his twin brother Lou Banach were noted for both winning gold medals in wrestling in the 1984 Olympic Games, as did the Schultz brothers, Dave and Mark.
In the Future (album)
In the Future is the second album by Black Mountain, which was released January 21, 2008.  It follows their eponymous debut album which was released in 2005.  A "limited edition" of the album was released on the same day with three bonus tracks on a second disc. It debuted on the UK Albums Chart at number 72.

The album art was designed by keyboardist Jeremy Schmidt, who was influenced by Storm Thorgerson's work.

The album was a nominee for the 2008 Polaris Music Prize.

Franz Nicolay, of The Hold Steady, listed the album as one of his favourite releases in 2008.

Black Mountain (band)
Black Mountain is a Canadian psychedelic rock band from Vancouver, British Columbia. The band is composed of Stephen McBean, Jeremy Schmidt, Adam Bulgasem, Amber Webber, and Arjan Miranda. Since forming in 2004, Black Mountain has released five LPs, Black Mountain (2005), In the Future (2008), Wilderness Heart (2010), IV (2016) and Destroyer (2019); two EPs and a number of singles, mostly on the Jagjaguwar label.
Tokyo Bay
Tokyo Bay (東京湾, Tōkyō-wan) is a bay located in the southern Kantō region of Japan spanning the coasts of Tokyo, Kanagawa Prefecture, and Chiba Prefecture, on the southern coast of the island of Honshu. Tokyo Bay is connected to the Pacific Ocean by the Uraga Channel. The Tokyo Bay region is the most populous and the largest industrialized area in Japan.

Uraga Channel
The Uraga Channel (浦賀水道, Uraga-suidō) is a waterway connecting Tokyo Bay to the Sagami Gulf. It is an important channel for ships headed from Tokyo, Yokohama, and Chiba to the Pacific Ocean and beyond.
Bina Sheth Lashkari
Bina Sheth Lashkari is an Indian Doorstep school founder in India. Over 30 years she has helped to organise the education of 100,000 children in Mumbai. In 2013 she was awarded the Stree Shakti Puraskar.

Nari Shakti Puraskar
The Nari Shakti Puraskar (lit. 'Woman Power Award') is an annual award given by the Ministry of Women and Child Development of the Government of India to individual women or to institutions that work towards the cause of women empowerment. It is presented by the president of India on International Women's Day (8 March) at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi. The award was instituted in 1999 under the title of Stree Shakti Puraskar (lit. 'Woman Power Award'), renamed and reorganised in 2015. It is awarded in six institutional and two individual categories, which carry a cash prize of 200,000 and 100,000 rupees, respectively.
6th Armoured Brigade (Australia)
The 6th Australian Armoured Brigade was a formation of the Australian Army during World War II. The brigade was formed in May 1942, by the conversion of the 6th Motor Brigade and was assigned to the 2nd Motor Division. The brigade also absorbed units of the 5th Motor Brigade in June 1942. The brigade remained in Australia and did not see any active service before it was converted into the 4th Armoured Brigade in March 1943.

4th Armoured Brigade (Australia)
The 4th Armoured Brigade was an armoured formation of the Australian Army established during the Second World War. It was formed in February 1943 to provide armoured support for infantry units operating in the South West Pacific Area. Its composition varied over time, but usually comprised several armoured regiments equipped with Matilda II or M3 Grant tanks as well as some support units.

The brigade's main role throughout its existence was to provide a pool of armoured units and sub-units that could be deployed to augment infantry forces. It was also responsible for developing specialised variants of armoured vehicles. Elements of the 4th Armoured Brigade were detached to support most of the Australian Army's major operations from 1943 until the end of the war, and from September 1944 it was the Army's only armoured brigade. The formation was disbanded, after the war, in February 1946.
2023 WAFU Zone A Women's Cup
The 2023 WAFU Zone A Women's Cup was the second edition of the WAFU Zone A Women's Cup, an international women's football tournament contested by the women's national association football teams of West Africa zone A organized by the West African Football Union (WAFU). The tournament was hosted by Cape Verde and took place from 20 to 29 January 2023; it was the first major WAFU A tournament to be hosted in Cape Verde. The opening match was contested between Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau at Estádio Marcelo Leitão, Espargos, Sal Island on 20 January 2023. The final took place on 29 January 2023 at Estádio Marcelo Leitão, Espargos.

Senegal was the defending champions, having won the previous tournament. and they successfully defended their title beating hosts Cape Verde 1–0 with a penalty kick scored by Senegalese captain Korka Fall.

Cape Verde women's national football team
The Cape Verde women's national football team (recognized as Cabo Verde by FIFA) represents Cape Verde in international women's association football and is governed by the Cape Verdean Football Federation.
1968 United States Senate election in Alaska
The 1968 United States Senate election in Alaska took place on November 5, 1968. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Ernest Gruening ran for a second full term in office but finished behind Speaker of the Alaska House of Representatives Mike Gravel in the Democratic primary. Gruening launched a write-in bid for the seat in the general election, but finished third to Gravel and Republican former Anchorage mayor Elmer Rasmuson.

Gravel would later lose the primary in 1980 to Gruening's grandson Clark.

This would be the first of 3 times where the incumbent holder of Alaska's Class 3 U.S. Senate seat was defeated in the primary while running for re-election.

Future Senator Ted Stevens also ran in the Republican primary, but lost to Rasmuson by around 1,000 votes. When incumbent Democratic Class 2 Senator Bob Bartlett died that December, Governor Wally Hickel appointed Stevens to the vacant seat, giving Stevens a seniority advantage of 10 days over the incoming Gravel.

Elmer E. Rasmuson
Elmer Edwin Rasmuson (February 15, 1909 – December 1, 2000) was an American banker, philanthropist and politician in the territory and state of Alaska. He led the family business, National Bank of Alaska, for many decades as president and later chairman. He also served as Mayor of Anchorage from 1964 to 1967 and was the Republican nominee for United States Senator from Alaska in the 1968 election, losing the general election to Mike Gravel.
Mohanbhai Sanjibhai Delkar
Mohan Sanjibhai Delkar (19 December 1962 – 22 February 2021) was an Indian politician and tribal rights advocate, who was elected seven times as a member of Lok Sabha from Dadra and Nagar Haveli constituency, in the Union Territory of Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu. He had been part of Indian National Congress (INC), Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Janata Dal (United) (JDU) at various times, and had also founded his own party Bharatiya Navshakti Party for some period.

Dadra and Nagar Haveli Lok Sabha constituency
Dadra and Nagar Haveli Lok Sabha constituency is one of the two Lok Sabha constituencies in the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. This constituency is reserved for the Scheduled Tribes.
Neris
The river Neris (pronunciationⓘ) or Vilija (Belarusian: Ві́лія, romanized: Vilija, Polish: Wilia) rises in northern Belarus. It flows westward, passing through Vilnius (Lithuania's capital) and in the south-centre of that country it flows into the Nemunas (Neman) from the right bank, at Kaunas, as its main tributary. Its length is 510 km (320 mi).

After passing through Belarus for 276 km (171 mi), the Neris flows through Lithuania for a further 235 km (146 mi).

The Neris connects successive Lithuanian capitals – Kernavė and Vilnius. Along its banks are the burial places of the pagan Lithuanians. At 25 km (16 mi) from Vilnius there is are old Karmazinai Hillfort and Karmazinai burial mound.

Narach (river)
The Narach (Belarusian: Нарач, Narač [ˈnaratʂ]; Russian: Нарочь, Naroch'; Lithuanian: Narutis) is a river in northwestern Belarus (Miadzieł raion, Minsk Province). It is a right-bank tributary of the Neris (Viliya) into which it flows near Maladziečna.