hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Poets of the Fall
Poets of the Fall (POTF) is a Finnish rock band from Helsinki. The group consists of Marko Saaresto (lead vocals), Olli Tukiainen (lead guitar), Markus "Captain" Kaarlonen (keyboards, production), Jani Snellman (bass), Jaska Mäkinen (rhythm guitar), and Jari Salminen (drums, percussion).

The band is known for their partnership with video game developers, most notably with Remedy Entertainment, having written songs for Max Payne 2: The Fall of Max Payne (2003), Alan Wake (2010), Alan Wake's American Nightmare (2012), Control (2019), and Alan Wake 2 (2023), the latter four in a much heavier style and under the pseudonym Old Gods of Asgard.

Alan Wake's American Nightmare
Alan Wake's American Nightmare is a 2012 third-person shooter video game developed by Remedy Entertainment and published by Microsoft Studios. It is a downloadable follow-up and spin-off to its predecessor, Alan Wake (2010). The game was released for Xbox 360 on 22 February 2012 worldwide. A Microsoft Windows version was released on 22 May 2012 in North America, 29 June 2012 in Europe and 15 November 2012 in Australia.
Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)
Eighth Avenue is a major north–south avenue on the west side of Manhattan in New York City, carrying northbound traffic below 59th Street. It is one of the original avenues of the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 to run the length of Manhattan, though today the name changes twice: At 59th Street/Columbus Circle, it becomes Central Park West, where it forms the western boundary of Central Park, and north of 110th Street/Frederick Douglass Circle, it is known as Frederick Douglass Boulevard before merging onto Harlem River Drive north of 155th Street.

42nd Street (Manhattan)
42nd Street is a major crosstown street in the New York City borough of Manhattan, spanning the entire breadth of Midtown Manhattan, from  Turtle Bay at the East River, to Hell's Kitchen at the Hudson River on the West Side. The street has several major landmarks, including (from east to west) the headquarters of the United Nations, the Chrysler Building, Grand Central Terminal, the New York Public Library Main Branch, Times Square, and the Port Authority Bus Terminal.

The street is known for its theaters, especially near the intersection with Broadway at Times Square, and as such is also the name of the region of the theater district (and, at times, the red-light district) near that intersection. The street also has a section of off-Broadway theaters known as Theatre Row.
Paramedian pontine reticular formation
The paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF)  is a subset of neurons of the oral and caudal pontine reticular nuclei. With the abducens nucleus it makes up the horizontal gaze centre. It is situated in the pons adjacent to the abducens nucleus. It projects to the ipsilateral abducens (cranial nerve VI) nucleus, and contralateral oculomotor (cranial nerve III) nucleus to mediate conjugate horizontal gaze and saccades.

Gaze (physiology)
The term gaze is frequently used in physiology to describe coordinated motion of the eyes and neck. The lateral gaze is controlled by the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF). The vertical gaze is controlled by the rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus and the interstitial nucleus of Cajal.
Albert Azzo II, Margrave of Milan
Albert Azzo II (Italian: Alberto Azzo II; January/February 997 – 20 August 1097), Margrave of Milan, and Liguria, Count of Gavello, Padua, Rovigo, Lunigiana, Monselice, and Montagnana, was a powerful nobleman in the Holy Roman Empire. He is considered the founder of House of Este, having been head of the first family to be master of Este, a town of Padua.

House of Este
The House of Este (UK: /ˈɛsti/ EST-ee, US: /ˈɛsteɪ/ EST-ay, Italian: [ˈɛste]) is a European dynasty of North Italian origin whose members ruled parts of Italy and Germany for many centuries.

The original House of Este's elder branch, which is known as the House of Welf, included dukes of Bavaria and of Brunswick. This branch produced Britain's Hanoverian monarchs, as well as one Emperor of Russia (Ivan VI) and one Holy Roman Emperor (Otto IV).

The original House of Este's younger branch, which is simply called the House of Este, included rulers of Ferrara (1240–1597), and of Modena (900–1859) and Reggio (1288–1796). This branch's male line became extinct with the death of Ercole III in 1803.
St Peter's Church, Stonyhurst
St Peter's Church is a Roman Catholic Parish Church in Stonyhurst. It is the parish church for Hurst Green, Lancashire and a chapel for Stonyhurst College. It was built from 1832 to 1835 and designed by Joseph John Scoles in the Gothic Revival style. It was founded by the Society of Jesus and has been served by Jesuit priests since. It is a Grade I listed building.

Hurst Green, Lancashire
Hurst Green is a small village in the Ribble Valley district of Lancashire, England, connected in its history to the Jesuit school, Stonyhurst College. The village is 5 miles (8 km) from Longridge and 4 miles (6 km) from Clitheroe, and is close to the River Ribble, near its junction with the River Hodder.
Kiss Me, Kate
Kiss Me, Kate is a musical with music and lyrics by Cole Porter and a book by Bella and Samuel Spewack. The story involves the production of a musical version of William Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew and the conflict on and off-stage between Fred Graham, the show's director, producer, and star, and his leading lady, his ex-wife Lilli Vanessi. A secondary romance concerns Lois Lane, the actress playing Bianca, and her gambler boyfriend, Bill, who runs afoul of some gangsters. The original production starred Alfred Drake, Patricia Morison, Lisa Kirk and Harold Lang.

Kiss Me, Kate was Porter's response to Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma! and other integrated musicals; it was the first show he wrote in which the music and lyrics were firmly connected to the script. The musical premiered in 1948 and proved to be Porter's only show to run for more than 1,000 performances on  Broadway. In 1949, it won the first Tony Award for Best Musical.

Bella and Samuel Spewack
Bella (25 March 1899 – 27 April 1990) and Samuel Spewack (16 September 1899 – 14 October 1971) were a writing team.

Samuel, who also directed many of their plays, was born in Bachmut, Ukraine.  He attended Stuyvesant High School in New York City and then received his degree from Columbia College.
Turnour Island
Turnour Island is an island in the Johnstone Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, located between Gilford Island and West Cracroft Island.  On the other side Canoe Passage on its northwest is Village Island, while to its south and southwest is Beware Passage, across from which is Harbledown Island.  Gilford Island is to the north across Tribune Channel.  Separating Turnour from West Cracroft is Clio Channel.

Beware Passage
Beware Passage is a strait or channel in the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, between Harbledown (SE) and Turnour Islands.  It was named in 1860 by Captain Pender.

The passage's waters and shores have various Indian reserves and communities of the Kwakwaka'wakw:

Coffin Island Indian Reserve No. 3 on Kamano Island

Small Island Indian Reserve No. 4 on Small Island

Aglakumna-la Indian Reserve No. 2 on Klaoitsis Island

Karlukwees Indian Reserve No. 1, which is the location of the Tlowitsis village of Kalugwis (Karlukwees or Qalogwis are other spellings)

Dead Point Indian Reserve No. 5 on the north side of Harbledown Island
Nicolás Ponce de León II
Nicolás Suárez Ponce de León II was a Spanish soldier who served as acting governor of Spanish Florida from 1663 to 1664, and from 1673 to 1675. He was appointed to a second term as interim governor after the death of Manuel de Cendoya, and continued construction of the masonry fort, the Castillo de San Marcos, to defend the city against attacks by British colonists from the Province of Carolina.

Manuel de Cendoya
Manuel de Cendoya (? – 1673) was a Spanish soldier who served as governor of Spanish Florida (La Florida) from mid-1671 to mid-1673. His administration is remembered primarily for initiating construction of the Castillo de San Marcos, a masonry fortress whose building had first been ordered by Cendoya's predecessor, Governor Francisco de la Guerra y de la Vega, after the destructive raid of the English privateer Robert Searle in 1668. Work proceeded in 1671, although the first stone was not laid until 1672.
Stillman Witt
Stillman Witt (January 4, 1808 — April 29, 1875) was an American railroad and steel industry executive best known for building the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad, Cleveland, Painesville and Ashtabula Railroad, and the Bellefontaine and Indiana Railroad. Through his banking activities, he played a significant role in the early years of the Standard Oil company. He was also one of the founding investors in the Cleveland Rolling Mill, a major steel firm in the United States.

Indianapolis and Bellefontaine Railroad
The Indianapolis and Bellefontaine Railroad (I&B) was an American railroad founded in 1848. It changed its name to the Indianapolis, Pittsburgh and Cleveland Railroad (IP&C) in 1854. Its counterpart in Ohio was named the Bellefontaine and Indiana Railroad (B&I). The B&I ceased to exist as an independent company when it merged into the Bellefontaine Railway in September 1864. The Bellefontaine Railway merged with the Cleveland, Columbus, and Cincinnati Railroad to form the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis Railway in December 1864.  It eventually become part of the New York Central Railroad.
Thomas Menamparampil
Thomas Menamparampil SDB (born 22 October 1936 in Pala, Kerala India) is the retired archbishop of Guwahati. He served as the bishop of Dibrugarh for 11 years and the Archbishop of Guwahati for 20 years before his retirement on 18 January 2012.  He served as the apostolic administrator  of Diocese of Jowai appointed by Pope Francis from 3 February 2014 to 15 October 2016.

Archdiocese of Guwahati
The Archdiocese of Guwahati (Latin: Guvahatin(a)) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Guwahati in India. The archdiocese is a metropolitan see with six suffragan dioceses in its ecclesiastical province.
Treaty of the Bogue
The Treaty of the Bogue (Chinese: 虎門條約) was an unequal treaty between the United Kingdom and China, concluded in October 1843 to supplement the previous Treaty of Nanking. The treaty's key provisions granted extraterritoriality and most favoured nation status to Britain.

Extraterritoriality
In international law, extraterritoriality or exterritoriality is the state of being exempted from the jurisdiction of local law, usually as the result of diplomatic negotiations.

Historically, this primarily applied to individuals, as jurisdiction was usually claimed on peoples rather than on lands. Extraterritoriality can also be partly applied to physical places. For example, such is the immunity granted to diplomatic missions, military bases of foreign countries, or offices of the United Nations. The three most common cases recognized today internationally relate to the persons and belongings of foreign heads of state and government, the persons and belongings of ambassadors and other diplomats, and ships in international waters.
Spišská Kapitula
Spišská Kapitula (German: Zipser Kapitel, Hungarian: Szepeshely or Szepesi Káptalan) (both meaning the "Spiš Chapter house") is an exceptionally well-preserved ecclesiastical town on the outskirts of Spišské Podhradie, Slovakia, and overlooking Spiš Castle. It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Levoča, Spiš Castle and the associated cultural monuments".

The town consists of St. Martin's Cathedral (dedicated to St. Martin of Tours), a former monastery, and a single street, all of mediaeval construction and enclosed by a wall. The lower gate gives an extensive view of Spiš Castle, located on an opposite hill. Spišská Kapitula became the main seat of the church administration in the region in the 12th century. In 1776 it became the seat of the Diocese of Spiš (Szepes).

Spiš
Spiš (Polish: Spisz [ˈspiʂ]; Hungarian: Szepesség or Szepes; German: Zips [tsɪps]) is a region in north-eastern Slovakia, with a very small area in south-eastern Poland (more specifically encompassing 14 former Slovak villages). Spiš is an informal designation of the territory, but it is also the name of one of the 21 official tourism regions of Slovakia. The region is not an administrative division in its own right, but between the late 11th century and 1918 it was an administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary (see separate article Szepes County in this regard).
Eric Reprid
Shi Yi Liu (born November 21, 1998), known professionally as Eric Reprid, is a Canadian independent rapper, singer, and songwriter currently based in Los Angeles, California. He first rose to prominence with the release of his single "Cold World", which would later be featured on the eponymous EP. Since then, the track has accumulated over 66 million streams as of January 2026.

In recent times, Eric Reprid has become known for his often provocative and controversial lyricism. His work has drawn attention for the use of racial slurs, most notably the word "chink." In addition, he is frequently credited with popularizing the slang term "badussy", which gained traction through his music and online fan communities. Beyond slang, Reprid's catalog often includes explicit references to sex, a recurring subject matter in his lyrics that has contributed both to his appeal among fans and to criticism from listeners and commentators.

Cold World (Eric Reprid EP)
Cold World is an extended play by Chinese-Canadian rapper Eric Reprid. It was released on December 21, 2020, and was exclusively produced by Marc Wavy, a close friend and producer. The entire album was recorded in 2020, excluding the first single titled "Get More," which was recorded and released in 2019. The album performed well commercially, receiving a nomination for Rap Recording of the Year at the 2021 Juno Awards.
General Atomics YFQ-42 Dark Merlin
The General Atomics YFQ-42 Dark Merlin is an unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) currently under development by General Atomics Aeronautical Systems. The aircraft is one of the winning designs for Increment I of the United States Air Force's Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) program and is intended to augment crewed fighter aircraft such as the F-22 Raptor, F-35 Lightning, and the planned Boeing F-47 fighter for air-to-air missions through manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T).

Anduril YFQ-44
The Anduril YFQ-44, internally named "Fury", is an unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) currently under development by Anduril Industries. The aircraft is one of the winning designs for Increment I of the United States Air Force's Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) program and is intended to augment crewed fighter aircraft such as the F-15EX Eagle II, F-22 Raptor, F-35 Lightning, and the planned Boeing F-47 fighter for air-to-air missions through manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T).
Butha-Buthe District
Butha-Buthe is a district of Lesotho.  Butha-Buthe is the capital or camptown, and only town in the district. In the north, Butha-Buthe borders on the Free State Province of South Africa.  Domestically, it borders on Mokhotlong District in southeast and Leribe District on the south.

As of 2014, the district had a population of 118,242 which was 5.88 per cent of the total population of the country. The total area of the district was 1,767 which was 5.82 per cent of the total area of the country. As of 2008, there were 49 per cent economically active people in the district. There were totally 71,012 employed people out of a total of 154,384 people in the district above 15 years of age. The total area planted in 2009 was 7,164 which formed 1.77 per cent of the total area planted in the country.

Leribe District
Leribè is a district of Lesotho. It has an area of 2,828 km2 and a population in 2016 of approximately 337,500. Hlotse is the capital or camptown of the district. The district has one additional town, namely Maputsoe. In the west, Leribe borders on the Free State Province of South Africa.  Domestically, it borders Butha-Buthe District in the north, Mokhotlong District in the east, Thaba-Tseka District in southeast and Berea District in southwest.

As of 2006, the district had a population of 293,369 which was 15.63 per cent of the total population of the country. As of 2008, 48% of the population in the district were economically active. There were 191,052 employed people out of a total of 401,258 people in the district above 15 years of age.
National World
National World (NW)  is a British multimedia company based in Leeds, England.

Founded and listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) in September 2019 as a media takeover vehicle, it acquired JPIMedia for £10.2 million two years later. 
In April 2022, JPIMedia was rebranded to National World.

Since purchasing JPIMedia, NW has launched sixteen new titles and made a further seven acquisitions, notably Insider Media. With The Scotsman, The Yorkshire Post, and Belfast's The News Letter among its flagship titles, it operates over 100 newspapers and websites around the United Kingdom.

The company reported 2022 revenues of £84.1M and adjusted EBITDA of £9.7M. In May 2025, Media Concierge, owner of Iconic Newspapers, acquired National World for £65.1 million.

The Yorkshire Post
The Yorkshire Post is a daily broadsheet newspaper, published in Leeds, Yorkshire, England. Founded in 1754, it primarily covers stories from Yorkshire, although its masthead carries the slogan "Yorkshire's National Newspaper". It was previously owned by Johnston Press and is now owned by National World.

The paper's head office is in Leeds and the current editor is James Mitchinson. It considers itself "one of Britain's most trusted and historic newsbrands."
Rancho Catacula
Rancho Catacula was a 8,546-acre (34.58 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Napa County, California given in 1844 by Governor Manuel Micheltorena to Joseph Ballinger Chiles.  The grant was located along Chiles creek in the Chiles Valley east of St. Helena.

Joseph Chiles
Joseph Ballinger Chiles (July 16, 1810 – June 25, 1885), later known by his Spanish name José B. Chiles, was a Californian ranchero, military officer, and entrepreneur. Born in Kentucky, Chiles served as a colonel in the U.S. Army during the Seminole Wars, before eventually immigrating to Alta California, where he became a Mexican citizen and acquired multiple rancho grants in the Napa Valley and Sacramento Valley.
Bombardier BiLevel Coach
The BiLevel Coach is a bilevel passenger railcar currently built by Alstom and previously by Bombardier, Hawker Siddeley Canada, the Canadian Car and Foundry (Can Car), and the UTDC. Used by North American commuter and regional rail operators, they feature a distinctive octagonal profile. The principal operator is GO Transit in the Golden Horseshoe, which operates some two-thirds of the total produced fleet.

Canadian Car and Foundry
The Canadian Car & Foundry Company, Limited, and from 1957 onwards the Canadian Car Company Limited, was a manufacturer of buses, railway rolling stock, forestry equipment, and later aircraft for the Canadian market. CC&F history goes back to 1897, but the main company was established in 1909 from an amalgamation of several companies and later became part of Hawker Siddeley Canada through the purchase by A.V. Roe Canada in 1957. Today the remaining factories are part of Alstom after its acquisition of Bombardier Transportation completed in 2021.

Canadian Car was one of three corporate combinations formed by the Lord Beaverbrook in 1909, the others being Canada Cement and Stelco.
Chico Air Museum
The Chico Air Museum is a nonprofit aviation museum located at the Chico Municipal Airport in Chico, California. Its mission statement is to "collect, preserve, document and display aircraft, and aviation and space artifacts. The museum’s primary purpose is to educate and inspire people of all ages about aviation and the history of flight".

Chico Regional Airport
Chico Regional Airport (IATA: CIC, ICAO: KCIC, FAA LID: CIC), formerly known as Chico Municipal Airport, is four miles (6 km) north of Chico, in Butte County, California, United States. The airport covers 1,475 acres (6.0 km2), has two runways and one helipad. Its fixed-base operator, Northgate Aviation provides fuel, maintenance, flight training, and charter flights. Though an operational airport with that meets Federal Aviation Regulations Part 139 standards, the airport has not seen active commercial air service since SkyWest Airlines ended service to San Francisco at the end of 2014.
Lawrence Alloway
Lawrence Reginald Alloway (17 September 1926 – 2 January 1990) was an English art critic and curator who worked in the United States from 1961. In the 1950s, he was a leading member of the Independent Group in the UK and in the 1960s was an influential writer and curator in the US. He first used the term "mass popular art" in the mid-1950s and used the term "Pop Art" in the 1960s to indicate that art has a basis in the popular culture of its day and takes from it a faith in the power of images. From 1954 until his death in 1990, he was married to the painter Sylvia Sleigh.

Independent Group (art movement)
The Independent Group (IG) met at the Institute of Contemporary Arts (ICA) in London, England, from 1952 to 1955. The IG consisted of painters, sculptors, architects, writers and critics who wanted to challenge prevailing modernist approaches to culture. They introduced mass culture into debates about high culture, re-evaluated modernism and created the "as found" or "found object" aesthetic. The subject of renewed interest in a post-disciplinary age, the IG was the topic of a two-day, international conference at the Tate Britain in March 2007. The Independent Group is regarded as the precursor to the Pop Art movement in Britain.
Nagoya University
Nagoya University (名古屋大学, Nagoya daigaku), abbreviated to Meidai (名大) or NU, is a Japanese national research university located in Chikusa-ku, Nagoya.

It was established in 1939 as the last of the nine Imperial Universities in the then Empire of Japan, and is now a Designated National University.

The university is the birthplace of the Sakata School of physics and the Hirata School of chemistry. As of 2021, seven Nobel Prize winners have been associated with Nagoya University, the third most in Japan and Asia behind Kyoto University and the University of Tokyo.

Shoichi Sakata
Shoichi Sakata (坂田 昌一, Sakata Shōichi; 18 January 1911 – 16 October 1970) was a Japanese physicist and Marxist who was internationally known for theoretical work on subatomic particles. He proposed the two meson theory, the Sakata model (an early precursor to the quark model), and the Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata neutrino mixing matrix.

After the end of World War II, he joined other physicists in campaigning for the peaceful uses of nuclear power.
Maximinus Daza
Galerius Valerius Maximinus, born as Daza (Ancient Greek: Μαξιμίνος; 20 November c. 270 – c. July 313), was Roman emperor from 310 to 313. In 305 his uncle Galerius admitted him to the Tetrarchy with the rank of caesar, a controversial appointment which helped start the civil wars of the Tetrarchy in the following year. Maximinus Daza claimed the title of augustus in 310, sharing and often contesting power with Licinius. A committed pagan, he engaged in one of the last persecutions of Christians, and was the last person to hold the title of Pharaoh of Egypt. In 313 Maximinus Daza openly turned against Licinius and was routed at the Battle of Tzirallum. He died during the subsequent retreat, shortly after publishing an edict of tolerance restoring the Christians' freedoms.

Civil wars of the Tetrarchy
The civil wars of the Tetrarchy were a series of conflicts between the co-emperors of the Roman Empire, starting from 306 AD with the usurpation of Maxentius and the defeat of Severus to the defeat of Licinius at the hands of Constantine I in 324 AD.