hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Carroll (judge)
George Carroll (January 6, 1922 – January 14, 2016) was an American lawyer and civic figure, based in Contra Costa County, California. He served as the first black lawyer as well as the first African American to be elected to city council in Richmond. He later became the first black mayor of any large American city.

Richmond, California
Richmond is a city in western Contra Costa County, California, United States. The city was incorporated on August 3, 1905, and has a city council. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area's East Bay region, Richmond borders San Pablo, Albany, El Cerrito and Pinole in addition to the unincorporated communities of North Richmond, Hasford Heights, Kensington, El Sobrante, Bayview-Montalvin Manor, Tara Hills, and East Richmond Heights, and for a short distance San Francisco on Red Rock Island in the San Francisco Bay.

Richmond is one of two cities, the other being San Rafael, that sits on the shores of both San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay. Its population was 116,448 as of the 2020 United States census making it the second largest city in the United States named Richmond after Richmond, Virginia.
Soda Springs, Nevada County, California
Soda Springs (formerly, Summit Valley, Soda Springs Station, Hopkins, Hopkins Springs, and Tinkers Station) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Nevada County, California, United States. Soda Springs is located 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Donner Pass. The population was 94 at the 2020 census.

The Soda Springs Mountain Resort is located just off Highway 80 near Donner Summit.

Royal Gorge Cross Country Ski Resort, one of the largest in North America, is located about one mile southwest of Soda Springs.

Donner Pass
Donner Pass is a 7,056-foot-high (2,151 m) mountain pass in the northern Sierra Nevada, above Donner Lake and Donner Memorial State Park about 9 miles (14 km) west of Truckee, California. Like the Sierra Nevada itself, the pass has a steep approach from the east and a gradual approach from the west.

The pass has been used by the California Trail, First transcontinental railroad, Overland Route, Lincoln Highway and Victory Highway (both later U.S. Route 40 and still later Donner Pass Road), as well as indirectly by Interstate 80. The pass gets its name from the ill-fated Donner Party who overwintered there in 1846.

Today, the area is home to a thriving recreational community with several alpine lakes and ski resorts (Donner Ski Ranch, Boreal, and Sugar Bowl). The permanent communities in the area include Kingvale and Soda Springs, as well as the larger community below the pass surrounding Donner Lake.
Jocasta Innes
Jocasta Claire Traill Innes (21 May 1934 – 20 April 2013) was a British writer, journalist and businesswoman. She mainly wrote about cooking, crafts and homemaking, including in her books The Pauper's Homemaking Book (1976) and The Country Kitchen (1987), and worked for publications such as Cosmopolitan. She founded and was CEO of the paint company Paint Magic in the 1980s, inspired by her 1981 book Paint Magic. Two of her children, Daisy and Jason Goodwin, are also writers.

Daisy Goodwin
Daisy Georgia Goodwin (born 19 December 1961) is an English screenwriter, TV producer and novelist.  She is the creator of the ITV/ PBS show Victoria which has sold to 146 countries.  She has written four novels: My Last Duchess or The American Heiress, The Fortune Hunter, Victoria, and Diva; all of which have been New York Times bestsellers and have been translated into more than ten languages. She has also curated eight poetry anthologies, including 101 Poems That Could Save Your Life.  Goodwin spent twenty-five years working as a TV producer, where she created and produced shows like Grand Designs which has now been on Channel 4 for more than twenty years, and Escape to the Country which is in its twentieth year on BBC2.
Freake baronets
The Freake Baronetcy, of Cromwell House in the Parish of St Mary Abbots, Kensington, and Fulwell Park in the Parish of Twickenham, both in the County of Middlesex, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 23 May 1882 for the architect, builder and philanthropist Charles Freake. The third Baronet was a polo player and also served as High Sheriff of Warwickshire in 1939.

The title became extinct on the death of the fourth Baronet in 1951 but whose sole child married the heir apparent to the O'Brien Baronetcy and became mother of that title's two prospective holders.

Charles James Freake
Sir Charles James Freake, 1st Baronet (7 April 1814 – 6 October 1884) was an untrained English architect and builder, responsible for many famous 19th-century façades in London, including Eaton Square, Exhibition Road and Onslow Square, mainly specialising in domestic architecture for wealthy clients.  From humble beginnings and apprenticeship as a carpenter, he became a master builder, patron of the arts — especially music — and a philanthropist.
Finsbury Rifles
The Finsbury Rifles was a unit of Britain's Volunteer Force and later Territorial Army from 1860 to 1961. It saw action at Gallipoli, in Palestine and on the Western Front during the First World War. In the Second World War, it served in the Anti-Aircraft (AA) role during the Battle of Britain and the Blitz, then in North Africa, Sicily and Italy.

Poplar and Stepney Rifles
The 17th (County of London) Battalion, The London Regiment (Poplar and Stepney Rifles), was a unit of Britain's Territorial Force formed in 1908 from Volunteer corps dating back to 1859. It saw considerable service on the Western Front, at Salonika and in Palestine during the First World War. It served as a motorised infantry regiment during the Second World War before conversion to an artillery unit in 1947 and subsequent amalgamation in 1967.
Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland
Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland KG PC Earl Marshal (c. 1364 – 21 October 1425), was an English nobleman of the House of Neville. Elevated to the earldom by Richard II, he later supported his brother-in-law Henry of Lancaster in deposing the king and became a key supporter of the Lancastrian dynasty. As a royal kinsman through his marriage to Joan Beaufort, he was rewarded with high offices, including Earl Marshal, and played a central role in northern politics and border warfare with Scotland.

Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland
Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, 4th Baron Percy, titular King of Mann, KG, Lord Marshal (10 November 1341 – 20 February 1408), was an English statesman and a leading political figure during the reigns of Richard II and Henry IV. One of the most powerful noblemen in northern England, he played a decisive role in the deposition of Richard II and the accession of Henry IV.

He was the son of Henry de Percy, 3rd Baron Percy, and a descendant of Henry III of England. His mother was Mary of Lancaster, daughter of Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, son of Edmund, Earl of Leicester and Lancaster, who in turn was the son of Henry III.
Yabucoa, Puerto Rico
Yabucoa (Spanish pronunciation: [ʝaβuˈkoa]) is a town and municipality in Puerto Rico located in the eastern region, north of Maunabo; south of San Lorenzo, Las Piedras and Humacao; and east of Patillas. Yabucoa is spread over 9 barrios and Yabucoa Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Yabucoa barrio-pueblo
Yabucoa barrio-pueblo  is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Yabucoa, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 2,593.

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.
F4 (band)
F4 (Flower Four), later JVKV, is a Taiwanese boy group consisting of Jerry Yan, Vanness Wu, Ken Chu, and Vic Chou. The group was formed in 2001 after their fictional group of the same name in the Taiwanese drama Meteor Garden (2001) had propelled them to pan-Asian popularity. Together they have starred in the sequel Meteor Garden II (2002) and released three albums, Meteor Rain (2001), Fantasy 4ever (2002), and Waiting for You (2007). In 2007, due to copyright issues, the group changed its name to JVKV, using the first initials of its members' names in descending order by age. The group disbanded in 2009, but has reunited several times for performances since then.

In 2025, the group announced their reunion and embarked on a concert tour as a three-member group without Ken Chu, titled the F Forever City of Stars Tour, beginning in Shanghai, China in December.

Meteor Garden (2001 TV series)
Meteor Garden (Chinese: 流星花園; pinyin: Liúxīng Huāyuán) is a 2001 Taiwanese television drama series broadcast by CTS. The series is based on the Japanese manga series Boys Over Flowers (花より男子, Hana Yori Dango) by Yoko Kamio, inspiring multiple adaptations thereafter. Directed by Tsai Yueh-hsun, it stars Barbie Hsu, Jerry Yan, Vic Chou, Ken Chu and Vanness Wu. It aired from 12 April to 16 August 2001, followed by an original sequel with the same cast in 2002.

A phenomenal success across Asia, the series launched the careers of its four male stars who formed the boy band F4, named after their fictional group in the story, and established Hsu as a lead actress. It is also credited with ushering in the idol drama genre and the golden era of Taiwanese TV shows.
Pyongyang Metro
The Pyongyang Metro (Korean: 평양 지하철도) is the rapid transit system in Pyongyang, the capital and largest city of North Korea. It consists of two lines: the Chollima Line, which runs north from Puhŭng Station on the banks of the Taedong River to Pulgŭnbyŏl Station, and the Hyŏksin Line, which runs from Kwangbok Station in the southwest to Ragwŏn Station in the northeast.  The two lines intersect at Chŏnu Station.

Daily ridership is estimated to be between 300,000 and 700,000. Structural engineering of the Metro was completed by North Korea, with rolling stock and related electronic equipment imported from China. This was later replaced with used rolling stock acquired from Berlin U-Bahn.

The Pyongyang Metro has a museum devoted to its construction and history.

Kwangbok station
Kwangbok Station (Korean: 광복역; Hanja: 光復驛) is the western terminus station on Hyŏksin Line of the Pyongyang Metro.

The station features a golden statue of Kim Il Sung as well as murals depicting slogan trees – trees engraved with revolutionary slogans from the time of the anti-Japanese struggle. One of these, an embossed mural 70 times four meters in size, is called Lake Samji in Spring.
Magdalena of Valois
Madeleine of France, also called Magdalena of Valois (1 December 1443 – 21 January 1495), was a French princess who became Princess of Viana by marriage to Gaston of Foix. She was the regent of Navarre between 1479 and 1494 during the minority of her two children, each of whom became monarchs of Navarre: Francis I and Catherine I.

Gaston, Prince of Viana
Gaston, Prince of Viana, also called Gaston de Foix (French: Gaston, Spanish: Gastón, Basque: Gaston, 1445 – 23 November 1470), was the son and heir of Gaston IV, Count of Foix, and Infanta Eleanor of Navarre (later Queen of Navarre). As the expected successor to his mother and his grandfather, John II of Navarre, he was called Prince of Viana.

Gaston married Magdalena of Valois, a daughter of Charles VII of France and Marie of Anjou on 7 March 1461 at Lescar. They had two children:

Francis Phoebus, 1467–1483, King of Navarre 1479–1483

Catherine, 1470–1517, Queen-regnant of Navarre 1483–1517

Gaston died in 1470 from wounds received in a jousting tournament in Libourne, Aquitaine, before his accession to the throne of Navarre. Consequently, his children rose to the throne successively, but it was Gaston's wife Magdalena who actually pulled the strings of the crown until 1494.
Civil Partnerships, Marriages and Deaths (Registration etc) Act 2019
The Civil Partnerships, Marriages and Deaths (Registration etc) Act 2019 (c. 12) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which changes civil partnerships to include heterosexual couples, the way in which stillbirths are recorded and how a Coroner's inquest into stillbirths are conducted.

Civil partnership in the United Kingdom
Civil partnership in the United Kingdom is a form of civil union between couples open to both same-sex couples and opposite-sex couples. It was introduced via the Civil Partnership Act 2004 by the Labour government. The act initially permitted only same-sex couples to form civil partnerships, but the law was expanded to include different-sex couples in 2019.
Codex Sangallensis 48
Codex Sangallensis is a Greek-Latin diglot uncial manuscript of the four Gospels. It is designated by Δ or 037 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and ε76 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. The Latin text is written above the Greek text, interlinear style.

Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it is usually dated to the 9th century CE, though a few palaeographers would place it in the 10th century CE. It was given its current name by biblical scholar Johann Martin Augustin Scholz in 1830.: 156

Codex Boernerianus
Codex Boernerianus, designated by Gp, G3 or 012 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), α 1028 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a small New Testament manuscript made of parchment which contains the majority of the Pauline epistles. Using the study of comparative writing styles (paleography), the manuscript has been dated to the 9th century CE. The name of the codex derives from the theology professor Christian Frederick Boerner, to whom it once belonged. The manuscript has several gaps.
Greg Sprink
Greg Sprink (born June 29, 1985) is an American former basketball player known for his collegiate career at the United States Naval Academy (Navy) between 2004 and 2008, where he was the 2008 Patriot League Player of the Year as well as an honorable mention All-American. He never played professionally, serving required duty instead in the U.S. Navy. As of 2017 he works for a construction material wholesaler in the Houston, Texas area.

Navy Midshipmen men's basketball
The Navy Midshipmen men's basketball team represents the United States Naval Academy, in Annapolis, Maryland, in NCAA Division I college basketball. The team competes in the Patriot League and plays its home games in Alumni Hall.

The U.S. Naval Academy began varsity intercollegiate competition in men's basketball in the 1907–08 season. Navy was retroactively listed as the pre-NCAA tournament national champion for the 1912–13 season by the Helms Athletic Foundation and was retroactively listed as the country's best college team for the 1912–13 and 1918–19 seasons by the Premo-Porretta Power Poll. While the NCAA lists the historical Helms selections for reference, the Helms selections are not officially recognized as NCAA national championships, and the NCAA does not acknowledge the Premo-Porretta rankings. The Midshipmen have appeared 11 times in the NCAA Tournament, most recently in 1998.
Seadragon Software
Seadragon Software was a team within the Microsoft Live Labs. Its product, Seadragon, is a web optimized visualization technology that allows graphics and photos to be smoothly browsed, regardless of their size.  Seadragon is the technology powering Microsoft's Silverlight, Pivot, Photosynth and the standalone cross-platform Seadragon application for iPhone and iPad.

Seadragon technology allows one to view extremely large and high resolution images without the loading time or latency typically associated with large images.  The developers behind Seadragon also allow users to upload photos and create their own Seadragon style image to be viewed online.

Deep Zoom
Deep Zoom is a technology developed by Microsoft for efficiently transmitting and viewing images. It allows users to pan around and zoom in on a large, high resolution image or a large collection of images. It reduces the time required for initial load by downloading only the region being viewed or only at the resolution it is displayed at. Subsequent regions are downloaded as the user pans to (or zooms into) them; animations are used to hide any jerkiness in the transition. The libraries are also available in other platforms including Java and Flash.
Sam FM Radio (Swindon)
Sam FM Swindon was an Independent Local Radio station based in Swindon, England, broadcasting on the 107.7 FM frequency between 2006 and 2020.

The station was formed by The Local Radio Company, who wanted to create a local radio rival to GWR FM (now Heart). It started in 2006 as Brunel FM. It would eventually be owned by One Gold Radio Ltd who renamed it to Total Star Swindon, and then More Radio a few years later. Celador purchased More Radio in 2012 and converted it into Jack FM Swindon which was later re-branded to SamFM Swindon.

Due to financial issues and budget cuts at Celador, SamFM Swindon was merged into the Bristol sister station of the same name. In 2020, SamFM was purchased by Bauer Radio, closed, and its frequency used to broadcast Greatest Hits Radio South West.

Sam FM (Bristol)
Sam FM was an adult hits format radio station that broadcast on 106.5 MHz FM in Bristol, United Kingdom and owned by Bauer Radio. The station formed part of the Hits Radio network, although its entire output and playlist was locally produced and took no network programming. It ceased broadcasting on 6 September 2021 when it rebranded to Hits Radio Bristol & The South West.
Xiao Lu
Xiao Lu (Chinese: 肖鲁; born 1962) is a Chinese artist specializing in Performance art and Installation art. She became famous in 1989, when she participated in the 1989 China/Avant-Garde Exhibition with her work Dialogue. Just two hours after the exhibition opened, she suddenly shot her own work with a gun, causing an immediate shutdown of the exhibition. When the Tiananmen Square massacre occurred four months later, her actions were heavily politicized, referred to as “the first gunshots of Tiananmen”.

China/Avant-Garde Exhibition
39°55′31″N 116°24′32″E﻿ / ﻿39.9253°N 116.4090°E﻿ / 39.9253; 116.4090
China/Avant-Garde Exhibition is one of the most significant exhibitions in the history of Chinese contemporary art. Opening on February 5, 1989, at the National Art Museum of China (formerly the National Art Gallery), and featured over 186 artists and approximately 300 artworks from all over China. Widely regarded as a pivotal moment in the history of contemporary Chinese art, the exhibition provided a comprehensive view of the experimental works that emerged in mainland China after 1985.

Notable examples of these experimental artworks included Xiao Lu's impromptu performance where the artist used a loaded handgun to shoot her own piece called Dialogue and Wu Shanzhuan in his work called Big Business, sold frozen shrimp from a makeshift market stall. These works, among others, led to the temporary closing of the exhibition.
Province of Ciudad Real
The province of Ciudad Real (Spanish: [θjuˈðað reˈal] ⓘ) is a province in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Cuenca, Albacete, Jaén, Córdoba, Badajoz, and Toledo. It is partly located in the old natural region of La Mancha. Its capital is Ciudad Real. It is the third largest province by area in all of Spain, after Cáceres and Badajoz. The historic comarca Campo de Calatrava is located in the center of the province.

Province of Badajoz
The province of Badajoz (Spanish: provincia de Badajoz [baðaˈxoθ] ⓘ; Portuguese: província de Badajoz [bɐðɐˈʒɔʃ]) is a province of western Spain located in the autonomous community of Extremadura. It was formed in 1833. It is bordered by the provinces of Cáceres in the north, Toledo, Ciudad Real in the east, Córdoba in the south-east, Seville, and Huelva in the south and Portugal in the west.

With an area of 21,766 km2 (8,404 sq mi), it is the largest province in Spain. The other province of Extremadura, Cáceres, is the second largest with 19,868 km2 in area. The province has a relatively lower population density in comparison to other provinces in Spain.

As of 2021, the province has a population of 669,943 inhabitants. Its capital is the city of Badajoz.
Waterloo, Merseyside
Waterloo is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in Merseyside, England. Together with Seaforth, the two settlements make up the borough's Church ward. The area is bordered by Crosby to the north, Seaforth to the south, the Rimrose Valley country park to the east, and Crosby Beach and Crosby Coastal Park to the west.

Crosby Beach begins in Waterloo at the Crosby Marine Park and stretches 3 miles (4.8 km) up to Hightown. The beach is the location of Antony Gormley's Another Place sculpture.

The town is connected to Liverpool in the south and Southport to the north by Merseyrail's Northern line at Waterloo station.

Church (Sefton ward)
Church  is a Metropolitan Borough of Sefton ward in the Bootle Parliamentary constituency that covers the localities of Seaforth and Waterloo. The population of the ward as taken at the 2011 census was 12,068.
Eucalyptus (Avey Tare album)
Eucalyptus is the second solo studio album by American recording artist Avey Tare. Released on July 21, 2017, it is Avey Tare's second album, following his 2010 debut Down There, Recorded by fellow Animal Collective bandmate Joshua Dibb, it features past collaborators Eyvind Kang and Angel Deradoorian.

Deakin (musician)
Joshua Caleb Dibb (born January 6, 1978), also known by his moniker Deakin, is an American musician who co-founded the experimental pop band Animal Collective. He is the most infrequent member of the collective appearing on only nine of the group's fourteen studio albums. In 2016, he made his solo debut with the album Sleep Cycle. He also occasionally works as a carpenter during musical down time.
Shiv Kumar Sarin
Shiv Kumar Sarin is an Indian physician; a hepatologist and, gastroenterologist. Under of Delhi Government, he set up the Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS); the largest liver hospital and a deemed Liver University, and a WHO Centre. He has received Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, The World Academy of Science Prize, and Padma Bhushan in 2007. He served as Chairman Board of Governors of Medical Council of India and shaped the New Medical Education Vision, including NEET and NEXT exams. He is a leader in science and served as the President of the Asian Pacific Association for study of Liver and is currently the  President of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS) of India (2021-2024).

Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences
The Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS) is a mono-superspeciality hospital for liver and biliary diseases located at New Delhi, India. It has been established by the Government of the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi as an autonomous Institute, under the Societies Registration Act, 1860, at New Delhi with Shiv Kumar Sarin as its founding director. ILBS is a teaching hospital and has been given the status of Deemed University by the University Grants Commission (UGC) of India. It was created by the Government of Delhi to make it a dedicated international center of excellence for the diagnosis and management of liver and biliary diseases and to provide advanced training and research in the field of Hepato-biliary Sciences.