hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Louis I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
Louis I of Zweibrücken (German: Pfalzgraf Ludwig I. von Pfalz-Zweibrücken "der Schwarze"; 1424 – 19 July 1489) was Count Palatine and Duke of Zweibrücken and Count of Veldenz from 1444 until his death in 1489.

County Palatine of Veldenz
The County Palatine of Veldenz was a principality in the contemporary Land Rhineland-Palatinate with full voting rights to the Reichstag. The county was located partially between Kaiserslautern, Sponheim and Zweibrücken, partially on the Mosel in the Archbishopric of Trier. A municipality of the same name, Veldenz, and a castle, Schloss Veldenz, are located in the district of Bernkastel-Wittlich.
Maxillary prominence
Continuous with the dorsal end of the first pharyngeal arch, and growing forward from its cephalic border, is a triangular process, the maxillary prominence (or maxillary process), the ventral extremity of which is separated from the mandibular arch by a ">"-shaped notch.

The maxillary prominence forms the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, and in it are ossified the zygomatic bone and the greater part of the maxilla; it meets with the medial nasal prominence, from which, however, it is separated for a time by a groove, the naso-optic furrow, that extends from the furrow encircling the eyeball to the nasal pit.

The maxillary prominences ultimately fuse with the medial nasal prominence and the globular processes, and form the lateral parts of the upper lip and the posterior boundaries of the nares.

It is innervated by the maxillary nerve.

Pharyngeal arch
The pharyngeal arches, also known as visceral arches, are transient structures seen in the embryonic development of humans and other vertebrates, that are recognisable precursors for many structures. In fish, the arches support the gills and are known as the branchial arches, or gill arches.

In the human embryo, the arches are first seen during the fourth week of development. They appear as a series of outpouchings of mesoderm on both sides of the developing pharynx. The vasculature of the pharyngeal arches are the aortic arches that arise from the aortic sac.
Illegal drug trade in Colombia
The illegal drug trade in Colombia has, since the 1970s, centered successively on four major drug trafficking cartels: Medellín, Cali, Norte del Valle, and North Coast, as well as several bandas criminales, or BACRIMs. The trade eventually created a new social class and influenced several aspects of Colombian culture, economics, and politics.

The Colombian government efforts to reduce the influence of drug-related criminal organizations is one of the origins of the Colombian conflict, an ongoing low-intensity war among rival narcoparamilitary groups, guerrillas and drug cartels fighting each other to increase their influence and against the Colombian government that struggles to stop them.

Drug cartel
A drug cartel   is a criminal organization composed of independent drug lords who collude with each other in order to improve their profits and dominate the illegal drug trade. Drug cartels form with the purpose of controlling the supply of the illegal drug trade and maintaining prices at a high level. The formations of drug cartels are common in Latin American countries. Rivalries between multiple drug cartels cause them to wage turf wars against each other. Drug cartels often transport both drugs and narcotics, and most often the term "Narcotics cartel" is not used to describe an organization that transports the latter legally defined set of illegal substances, such as marijuana.
Borborema Plateau
The Borborema Plateau (Portuguese Planalto da Borborema, also known as the Serra da Borborema) is a plateau in northeastern Brazil which extends across the states of Pernambuco, Paraíba, and Rio Grande do Norte. The plateau is the northeasternmost portion of the Brazilian Highlands and is the most relevant watershed of its region. It ranges approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi) from north to south and 200 kilometres (120 mi) from east to west. More than 100 rivers originate from the plateau, including the  Moxotó, Mundaú, Pajeú, Paraíba do Norte, Seridó, and Una.

The Borborema Plateau serves as an orographic barrier, despite its relatively low elevation, against the moist easterly winds of the Atlantic Ocean. Areas west of the plateau, which make up part of the sertão, are arid and prone to drought. The Pajeú River, the largest tributary of the São Francisco River, originates from the Borborema.

Pajeú River
The Pajeú River is a tributary of the São Francisco River in the state of Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil. The Pajeú originates on the Borborema Plateau, and flows 353 kilometres (219 mi) southwest to join the São Francisco. It has a total watershed of 16,685.63 square kilometres (6,442.36 mi2), which represents 16.97% of the total area of the state of Pernambuco.
Alex Brightman
Alexander Michael Brightman (born February 5, 1987) is an American actor, best known for his work in musical theatre, especially in the broadway musical, Beetlejuice.

In 2015, Brightman originated the role of Dewey Finn in the musical adaptation of School of Rock, earning him a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Musical in 2016. In 2019, he originated the role of the titular character in Beetlejuice The Musical, getting him another Tony nomination in 2019.

Since 2020, he has voiced Robo Fizz and Fizzarolli in the adult animated musical series Helluva Boss, and since 2024, he has voiced Sir Pentious and Adam in Hazbin Hotel.

School of Rock (musical)
School of Rock is a rock musical with music by Andrew Lloyd Webber, lyrics by Glenn Slater and a book by Julian Fellowes. Based on the 2003 film of the same name, written by Mike White, the musical follows Dewey Finn, an out-of-work rock singer and guitarist who pretends to be a substitute teacher at a prestigious prep school. After identifying the musical talent in his students, Dewey forms a band of fifth-graders, in an attempt to win the upcoming Battle of the Bands contest.

The musical made its Broadway debut and world premiere on December 6, 2015, at the Winter Garden Theatre, following previews from November 9, 2015, directed by Laurence Connor and starring Alex Brightman as Dewey Finn and Sierra Boggess as Rosalie Mullins. The musical made its West End debut at the Gillian Lynne Theatre on November 14, 2016.
The Stoning of Soraya M.
The Stoning of Soraya M. (Persian: .سنگسار ثريا م, romanized: Sangsār-e Sorayā M.) is a 2008 Persian-language American drama film adapted from French-Iranian journalist Freidoune Sahebjam's 1990 book La Femme Lapidée.

The film is directed by Cyrus Nowrasteh, and stars Academy Award nominee Shohreh Aghdashloo as Zahra, Jim Caviezel as foreign journalist Freidoune Sahebjam, and Mozhan Marnò as title character Soraya Manutchehri. The Stoning of Soraya M. had its world premiere at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival, where it won the Director's Choice Award. It was also the second runner-up for the Cadillac People's Choice Award. The book has been banned in Iran.

Freidoune Sahebjam
Freidoune Sahebjam (Persian: فریدون صاحب جم) (1933 – 26 March 2008) was a French-Iranian journalist, war correspondent, and novelist who resided in Neuilly-sur-Seine in France.

He gained international recognition for his novel La Femme Lapidée, in 1990, about Soraya Manutchehri, which was translated four years later as The Stoning of Soraya M.: A True Story. The book became the basis for screenplay of the 2008 film The Stoning of Soraya M., in which the American actor James Caviezel portrays Sahebjam.

Sahebjam was a journalist for the French TV channel LCI and for French newspapers such as Le Monde and Le Télégramme.

Before his death, he had recently written a biography on his mother, an aristocrat of Qajar heritage, entitled Une Princesse Persane. He died on Wednesday 26 March 2008, aged 75. The cause of death was not reported.
Dal bati churma
Dal bati churma is the most popular dish in Rajasthani cuisine. It is made up of three components of bati, dal, and churma. Dal is lentils, bati is a baked wheat ball, and churma is powdered sweetened cereal. Churma is a popular delicacy mostly served with baatis and dal. It is coarsely ground wheat crushed and cooked with ghee and sugar. Traditionally it is made by mashing up wheat flour baatis or left over rotis in ghee and jaggery.

Dal
In Indian cuisine, dal (also spelled daal or dhal  pronunciation: [d̪aːl]) are dried, split pulses (e.g., lentils, peas, and beans) that do not require soaking before cooking. India is the largest producer of pulses in the world. The term is also used for various soups prepared from these pulses. These pulses are among the leading  staple foods in South Asian countries, and form an important part of the cuisines of the Indian subcontinent.
Block B
Block B (Korean: 블락비) is a South Korean boy band managed by KQ Entertainment, and consists of seven members: Taeil, B-Bomb, Jaehyo, U-Kwon, Park Kyung, Zico, and P.O. Block B has received several accolades, including nominations for seven Golden Disc Awards and eleven Seoul Music Awards.

Block B was created by musician Cho PD in 2011 on a budget of US$1.4 million. They made their live debut on KBS' Music Bank and MTV's Match Up!. In 2012, they released their debut studio album, Blockbuster, which finished in the top ten on the Billboard Korea and Gaon Album charts.

In 2013, Block B filed a lawsuit against Stardom Entertainment—their agency at the time—and took a small break from releasing music and performing live.

Block B achieved commercial success with the single albums Jackpot (2014), Very Good (2015) and H.E.R. (2015). In 2016, they released the Japanese-language studio album, My Zone, which ranked in the top ten on the Billboard Japan and Oricon charts.

P.O
Pyo Ji-hoon (Korean: 표지훈; born February 2, 1993),known professionally as P.O, is a South Korean rapper, singer and actor. He is the youngest member of the boy group Block B and its sub-unit Bastarz. As an actor, he has appeared in television series Encounter (2018–19) and Good Partner (2024).
How I Do
How I Do is the debut studio album by American singer Res. It was co-written by Santi White (as the lyricist), produced by Martin "Doc" McKinney, and released by MCA Records on June 26, 2001. The album charted for nine weeks on the Billboard 200, with the singles "Golden Boys" and "They-Say Vision" also charting.

Doc McKinney
Martin "Doc" McKinney (born August 27, 1971) is a Canadian-American record producer and songwriter. He was formerly one half of the duo (now solo act) Esthero. McKinney is widely credited with developing The Weeknd's sound as well as producing his mixtapes House of Balloons and Thursday; and executive producing and producing the majority of his third album Starboy (2016), which earned McKinney the 2016 Grammy Award for Best Urban Contemporary Album.
Güstrow (district)
Güstrow (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʏstʁoː] ⓘ) is a former district in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It was bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Bad Doberan, Nordvorpommern, Demmin, Müritz, Parchim and Nordwestmecklenburg. The district was disbanded at the district reform of September 2011. Its territory has been part of the district of Rostock since.

Rostock (district)
Rostock (German: Landkreis Rostock) is a district in the north of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the district Nordwestmecklenburg, the Baltic Sea, the district-free city Rostock and the districts Vorpommern-Rügen, Mecklenburgische Seenplatte and Ludwigslust-Parchim. The district seat is the town Güstrow.
Block 10
Block 10 was a barrack at the Auschwitz concentration camp where men and women were used as experimental subjects for Nazi doctors. The experiments in Block 10 tested bodily reactions to various substances, ranging from no effect to sterilization.

Although Block 10 was in Auschwitz I, a part of the camp mainly used for male political prisoners, the experiments conducted were mostly on women. The main doctors who worked in Block 10 were Carl Clauberg, Horst Schumann, Eduard Wirths, Bruno Weber and August Hirt.  Each of them had different methods in doing experiments on the inmates.

The prisoners at Auschwitz were also deported to other sites where experimental subjects were needed. For example, twenty Jewish children were transported to the Neuengamme concentration camp in Hamburg where they were injected with virulent tubercular serum and subjected to other experiments, and later murdered at the Bullenhuser Damm school.

Eduard Wirths
Eduard Wirths (4 September 1909 – 20 September 1945) was the chief SS doctor (SS-Standortarzt) at the Auschwitz concentration camp from September 1942 to January 1945. Thus, Wirths had formal responsibility for everything undertaken by the nearly twenty SS doctors (including Josef Mengele, Horst Schumann and Carl Clauberg) who worked in the medical sections of Auschwitz between 1942 and 1945.
Sarah Jezebel Deva
Sarah Jezebel Deva, the stage name of Sarah Jane Ferridge (born 25 February 1977), is an English heavy metal singer. She was the female soprano vocalist for Cradle of Filth for 14 years and the frontwoman of the band Angtoria for 10 years. In 2009, Deva started her self-titled solo project, releasing two studio albums and one EP from 2010 to 2012, and in 2020 announced she would be working with former Angtoria bandmate Chris Rehn on a new project entitled Torn Between Two Worlds.

Angtoria
Angtoria was a symphonic metal band composed of British singer Sarah Jezebel Deva and Swedish brothers Chris and Tommy Rehn.

Singer Sarah Jezebel Deva joined with the brothers in 2001 to create the band. Their debut album, God Has a Plan for Us All, was released in April 2006. The name Angtoria derives its origin from the title of a song by the band Moahni Moahna where Tommy was a member between 1992–1997.
Tusiata Avia
Donna Tusiata Avia MNZM (born 1966) is a New Zealand poet and children's author. She has been recognised for her work through receiving a 2020 Queen's Birthday Honour and in 2021 her collection The Savage Coloniser won the Mary and Peter Biggs Award for Poetry at the Ockham New Zealand Book Awards. The Savage Coloniser and her previous work Wild Dogs Under My Skirt have been turned into live stage plays presented in a number of locations.

2020 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)
The 2020 Queen's Birthday Honours in New Zealand, celebrating the official birthday of Queen Elizabeth II, were appointments made by the Queen in her right as Queen of New Zealand, on the advice of the New Zealand government, to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders. They were announced on 1 June 2020.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.
Alfonso Arau
Alfonso Arau Incháustegui (Spanish: [alˈfonso aˈɾa.u inˈtʃa.usteɣi]; born 11 January 1932) is a Mexican filmmaker and actor. He worked as an actor and director in both Mexican and Hollywood productions for over 40 years, before his international breakthrough with the 1992 film Like Water for Chocolate, based on his wife Laura Esquivel's novel of the same name. His other films include A Walk in the Clouds (1995), Picking Up the Pieces (2000), The Magnificent Ambersons (2002) and Zapata: El sueño del héroe (2004). He is a five-time Ariel Award winner, including Best Director for Like Water for Chocolate, and a BAFTA nominee.

Zapata: el sueño del héroe
Zapata: el sueño del héroe (in English: Zapata: The dream of a hero), also titled simply Zapata, is a 2004 Mexican film.

This fictionalized portrayal of Emiliano Zapata, played by Alejandro Fernández, as an Indigenous Mexican, directed by Alfonso Arau, was reportedly the most expensive Mexican movie ever produced, with a massive ad campaign, and the largest ever opening in the nation's history. Unusual in the Mexican film industry, Zapata was financed independently.

Zapata made its U.S. debut at the Santa Fe Film Festival on December 3, 2004 at the  Center for Contemporary Arts in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
Praia da Aguda
Aguda Beach (Praia da Aguda in Portuguese) is a small fishermen village located at about 13 km south of the city of Porto, in Arcozelo, a parish of Vila Nova de Gaia Municipality. It is known for its wide sandy beach (FEE Blue Flag beach) and for its sea waters reach in marine life. Actually its waters are also, highly appreciated for therapeutics due to its high iodine content.

Aguda Beach is one of the most calm and beloved beaches of Porto, and one of the most beautiful beaches of Costa Verde.

Vila Nova de Gaia
Vila Nova de Gaia (European Portuguese: [ˈvilɐ ˈnɔvɐ ðɨ ˈɣajɐ] ⓘ), or simply Gaia, is a city and a municipality in Porto District in Norte Region, Portugal. It is located south of the city of Porto on the other side of the Douro River.  The city proper had a population of 178,255 in 2001. The municipality has an area of 168.46 square kilometres (65.04 mi2) and a population of 303,824 inhabitants in 2021, making it the most populous municipality in Norte Region, and the third most populous in the country, after Lisbon and Sintra. Gaia along with Porto and 16 other municipalities make up the Porto metropolitan area.

The city contains many cellars (locally known as "caves") where port wine is stored and aged. These cellars have become a major tourist attraction.
Abdelkrim al-Khatib
Abdelkrim Al Khatib (2 March 1921 – 28 September 2008) was a Moroccan surgeon, politician and activist. He co-founded the National Popular Movement which would later split and was eventually re-branded as the Justice and Development Party. He became the first leader of Morocco's House of Representatives.

Popular Movement (Morocco)
The Popular Movement (Arabic: الحركة الشعبية, romanized: al-ḥaraka aš-šaʿbīya; Standard Moroccan Tamazight: ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵎⴷⵏⴰⵏ, romanized: amussu amdnan; French: Mouvement populaire, MP) is a royalist and traditionalist rural-focused political party in Morocco. It is a member of Liberal International. The party has a history of cooperating with two other parties with a liberal orientation, the National Rally of Independents and the Constitutional Union, since 1993.
Elgen Long
Elgen Marion Long (August 12, 1927 – January 26, 2022) was an American aviator, author, and researcher who set fifteen aviation records and firsts, including his 1971 flight around the world over both poles. He received the FAI Gold Air Medal for his accomplishment.

He developed the "Crash and Sink" theory explaining the disappearance of Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan. For over 35 years, Long researched the last leg of Earhart and Noonan's flight in an attempt to determine where their Lockheed Electra may have crashed. He and his wife, Marie Katherine Long, documented the people and data involved in the disappearance, a collection that is held by the SeaWord Foundation.

Amelia Earhart
Amelia Mary Earhart (/ˈɛərhɑːrt/ AIR-hart; born July 24, 1897; disappeared July 2, 1937; declared dead January 5, 1939) was an American aviator and aviation pioneer who became one of the most celebrated figures of early flight.

In 1928, she was the first female passenger to cross the Atlantic by airplane. In 1932, she became the first woman to make a nonstop solo transatlantic flight, and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for her achievement. She was one of the first aviators to promote commercial air travel, wrote best-selling books about her flying experiences, and helped found the Ninety-Nines, an organization for female pilots.

On July 2, 1937, she disappeared over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to become the first female pilot to circumnavigate the world. Since her disappearance, Earhart  has become a global cultural figure and numerous films, documentaries, and books have recounted her life. She is ranked ninth on Flying's list of the 51 Heroes of Aviation.
Thomas Hope (banker, born 1704)
Thomas Hope (1704, Rotterdam – 26 December 1779, Amsterdam) was a successful and gifted Dutch banker in the 18th century. He is considered as the main author of a proposal to the States-General and the Admiralty to improve Holland's diminishing trade position through abolition of the export tax and lowering import tax.  In 1752 he was the main investor in the VOC. As a Quaker - rejecting war and violence - and dissenter he was not allowed to official governmental jobs, but in 1756 at the beginning of the Seven Years' War he joined the Presbyterians and was appointed as manager by Anne of Hanover. In 1762 he founded Hope & Co. In 1766 he was representing the stadtholder in all the chambers of the VOC. Adam Smith dedicated the fourth edition of his Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) to Thomas Hope.

Jan Hope
John Hope (14 February 1737 – 20 April 1784), also known as Jan Hope, was a wealthy Dutch banker, participating in the Hope & Co. bank  that his father had founded in 1762, a member of the city council and an art collector.  In 1770 he was appointed as manager of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). He is also known today for his Groenendaal Park in Heemstede, where he summered on his estate. Shortly before he died he bought the nearby "Bosbeek". This estate became one of the first examples of a large garden in the 'English Style' in the Netherlands, and shaped by his second son Adrian Elias. His oldest son Thomas Hope became a designer of neoclassical interior decoration, and his youngest son Henry Philip Hope a gem collector and jewelry specialist (and owned the legendary Hope Diamond).
RC Lens
Racing Club de Lens (French pronunciation: [ʁasiŋ klœb də lɑ̃s]), commonly referred to as RC Lens or simply as Lens, is a French professional football club based in the northern city of Lens in the department of Pas-de-Calais. The club's nickname, Les Sang et Or (transl. The Blood and Gold), comes from its traditional colours of red and gold. As of the 2024–25 season, Lens competes in Ligue 1, the highest tier of French football.

Lens won the Division 1 (now Ligue 1) title in the 1997–98 season, and has finished as runner-up on five occasions, most recently in the 2022–23 season. The club has a strong rivalry with neighbors Lille OSC, with whom they contest the Derby du Nord.

1997–98 French Division 1
The 1997–98 Division 1 was the 60th season of Division 1, the top French professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1932. The season began on 2 August 1997, and concluded on 9 May 1998.

This season saw a change in the league format, with the number of teams reduced to 18 from 20, shortening the season from 38 to 34 rounds. As a result, four clubs which had been relegated at the end of the previous season were replaced by only two, Châteauroux and Toulouse, who entered as winners and runners up of the 1996–97 French Division 2. Defending champions of the 1996–97 season were Monaco.

Lens won the championship for the first time in their 92-year history, becoming the 26th club to become French football champions. Lens won their league title with 68 points, edging out second-placed Metz on goal difference, for whom this was their best result in history.
Barred dove
The barred dove (Geopelia maugeus), also known as temminck's zebra dove or the lesser sunda dove is a small dove that is native and endemic to the Lesser Sunda Islands in Indonesia and Timor-Leste. It is closely related to the zebra dove of Southeast Asia and the peaceful dove of Australia and New Guinea.

Zebra dove
The zebra dove (Geopelia striata), also known as the barred ground dove, or barred dove, is a species of bird of the dove family, Columbidae, native to Southeast Asia. They are small birds with a long tail, predominantly brownish-grey in colour with black-and-white barring. The species is known for its pleasant, soft, staccato cooing calls.