hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eastern States Union
The Eastern States Union was a short-lived (1947–48) union of princely states in newly independent India that gathered most of the princely states of the former Orissa Tributary States and Chhattisgarh States Agency in order to fill the vacuum of power created after the departure of the British and the wrapping up of the British Raj.

Eastern States Agency
The Eastern States Agency was an agency or grouping of princely states in eastern India, during the latter years of the British Raj. It was created in 1933, by the unification of the former Chhattisgarh States Agency and the Orissa States Agency; the agencies remained intact within the grouping. In 1936, the Bengal States Agency was added.
Yuhuating
Yuhuating (Chinese: 雨花亭街道; pinyin: Yǔhuātíng jiēdào) is an urban subdistrict, located in the built-up area of Yuhua District in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China. New Yuhuating was formed in 2012, the former Yuhuating subdistrict was divided into two subdistricts, new Yuhuating and Jingwanzi. The subdistrict has borders with Jingwanzi Subdistrict to the south, Guitang Subdistrict to the east, Shazitang Subdistrict to the north, and Wenyuan Subdistrict of Tianxin District to the west. It covers 8 km2 (3.1 sq mi) with  a population of roughly 58,000 (as of 2012). The administrative centre is at 34 shima road (Yatangcun community).

Jingwanzi
Jingwanzi (simplified Chinese: 井湾子街道; traditional Chinese: 井灣子街道; pinyin: jǐngwānzi jiēdào) is an urban subdistrict, located in the built-up area of Yuhua District in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China. The new Jingwanzi was formed in 2012, the former Yuhuating subdistrict was divided into two subdistricts, new Yuhuating and Jingwanzi. The subdistrict has borders with Dongjing Subdistrict to the south, Lituo Subdistrict to the east, Yuhuating Subdistrict to the north, and Wenyuan and Qingyuan Subdistricts of Tianxin District to the west. It covers 9.8 km2 (3.8 sq mi) with  a population of roughly 73,000 (as of 2012).
Shire of Ilfracombe
The Shire of Ilfracombe was a local government area located in central western Queensland, between the towns of Longreach and Barcaldine. Administered from the town of Ilfracombe, it covered an area of 6,575.5 square kilometres (2,538.8 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1902 until 2008, when it amalgamated with the Shires of Isisford and Longreach to form the Longreach Region.

The region formerly located within the shire contains many large cattle and sheep stations. By population, it was one of the smallest local government areas in Queensland.

Shire of Isisford
The Shire of Isisford was a local government area located in central western Queensland, between the towns of Longreach and Blackall. It covered an area of 10,482.6 square kilometres (4,047.4 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1908 until 2008, when it amalgamated with the Shires of Ilfracombe and Longreach to form the Longreach Region.

The region formerly located within the shire contains many large cattle and sheep stations.
New Hampshire Route 116
New Hampshire Route 116 (abbreviated NH 116) is a 48.605-mile-long (78.222 km) north-south state highway in northern New Hampshire, United States.  NH 116 is a scenic rural highway stretching from Haverhill, which lies along the Connecticut River, to Jefferson, in the White Mountains Region.  The southern terminus is at NH 10 in the village of North Haverhill and the northern terminus is at U.S. Route 2, near the Santa's Village amusement park.  Major intersections include Interstate 93, U.S. Route 3, and U.S. Route 302.

New Hampshire Route 10
New Hampshire Route 10 is a 122.25-mile-long (196.74 km) north–south state highway in western New Hampshire, United States. Its southern terminus is in Winchester at the Massachusetts state line, where it continues south as Massachusetts Route 10. Administratively, the northern terminus is at a junction with U.S. Route 302 in Haverhill.

In the field, however, NH 10 is cosigned along US 302 for an additional 19.8 miles (31.9 km) from Haverhill to an intersection with New Hampshire Route 18 in Littleton. However, this is not officially part of the route.

NH 10 is a multi-state route along with Massachusetts Route 10 and Connecticut Route 10. Its number is derived from its original 1922 designation as New England Interstate Route 10.
Rock City Guards
The Rock City Guards were a militia battalion raised in Nashville, Tennessee in 1860 in anticipation of the American Civil War. 327 men joined the organization; among them were George Maney, who served as captain; lawyer Thomas H. Malone, who served as lieutenant; and Charles Todd Quintard, who served as chaplain. In May 1861 the unit, now consisting of three companies, was mustered into Confederate service as part of the 1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment; George Maney becoming Colonel. The regiment served during the whole American Civil War.

A battle flag used by the Rock City Guards is at the Tennessee State Museum.

1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment
The 1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment, commonly known as the "First Tennessee", was a line infantry formation of the Confederate States Army in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. It was successively commanded by Colonels George E. Maney and Hume R. Field.

Organized in 1861 with volunteers from western Tennessee, the regiment was assigned to Maney's Brigade, Cheatham's Division, 1st Corps, Army of Tennessee. After sustaining heavy casualties at the battles of Shiloh and Perryville, it was amalgamated with the 27th Tennessee Infantry Regiment.
Brown teal
The brown teal (Anas chlorotis; Māori: pāteke) is a species of dabbling duck of the genus Anas native to New Zealand. For many years it had been considered to be conspecific with the flightless Auckland and Campbell teals in Anas aucklandica; the name "brown teal" has also been largely applied to that entire taxon. Common in the early years of European colonisation, the "brown duck" (as it had been often referred to) was heavily harvested as a food source. Its numbers quickly fell, especially in the South Island, and in 1921 they became fully protected. Captive breeding and releasing into predator-controlled areas has seen good localised populations re-introduced around the country in recent years.

Campbell teal
The Campbell teal or Campbell Island teal (Anas nesiotis) is a small, flightless, nocturnal species of dabbling duck of the genus Anas endemic to the Campbell Island group of New Zealand. It is sometimes considered conspecific with the brown teal. The plumage is similar to that of the Auckland teal, dark sepia with the head and back tinged with green iridescence, and a chestnut breast on the male, with the female dark brown all over. Its natural habitat is tussock grassland dominated by Poa tussock grass, ferns and megaherbs. The species also uses the burrows and pathways of petrel species that nest on the islands. They are apparently territorial in the wild, and probably feed on amphipods and insects. The IUCN classifies it as vulnerable.
Syrian Revolutionaries Front
The Syrian Revolutionaries Front (Arabic: جبهة ثوار سوريا, Jabhat Thowar Suriya, SRF, also translated Syrian Rebel Front) was an alliance of 14 relatively moderate religious and some secular armed groups fighting under the banner of the Free Syrian Army, formed in December 2013, thus according to Arutz Sheva (an Israeli media network) further sidelining the FSA and its leadership Supreme Military Council. It was established as a response to the merger of Islamist Syrian rebels into the Islamic Front.

The group was known to receive Israeli support alongside several other Syrian opposition factions such as Fursan al-Joulan, Firqat Ahrar Nawa, Jaysh al-Ababil, Jaydour Horan Brigade, Al-Ezz bin Abdul Salam Brigade, Omar Bin Al-Khattab Brigade, Al-Haramein Battalion, Alwiya al-Furqan, Saif al-Sham Brigade, Jabhat Ansar al-Islam, Ahrar Gathering and others.

Jabhat Ansar al-Islam
Jabhat Ansar al-Islam (Arabic: جبهة أنصار الإسلام; Supporters of Islam Front), originally formed as Tajamu' Ansar al-Islam (Arabic: تجمع أنصار الإسلام; Assembly of the Supporters of Islam) in August 2012, is an independent Sunni Islamist Syrian rebel group active in the Quneitra and Daraa Governorates.

Jabhat Ansar al-Islam is among dozens of Syrian rebel groups that have in the past been supplied with US-made BGM-71 TOW anti-tank missiles and Soviet-made 9K32 Strela-2 MANPADS with US approval.

The group was also known to receive Israeli support alongside several other Syrian opposition factions such as Fursan al-Joulan, Firqat Ahrar Nawa, Saif al-Sham Brigade, Jaydour Horan Brigade, Al-Ezz bin Abdul Salam Brigade, Omar Bin Al-Khattab Brigade, Al-Haramein Battalion, Alwiya al-Furqan, Syrian Revolutionaries Front, Jaysh al-Ababil, Ahrar Gathering and others.
George (club)
George is a private members club at 87-88 Mount Street in London's Mayfair district. It was established by Mark Birley in 2001. Birley sold the club with his four other Mayfair clubs, Annabel's, Mark's Club, Harry's Bar, and the Bath & Racquets Club, to Richard Caring in 2007. The club is dog friendly.

Harry's Bar (London)
Harry's Bar is a private members' dining club at 26 South Audley Street in London's Mayfair district.

It was established by Mark Birley in 1979 with the American businessman James Sherwood as his silent partner. Birley and Sherwood subsequently had a dispute after Birley left the management of the club to his own two children. Birley sold the club to Richard Caring in 2007, along with his four other Mayfair clubs, Annabel's, Mark's Club, George, and the Bath & Racquets Club.

Harry's Bar is renowned for its Italian cuisine. Two unaffiliated branches of Harry's Bar, also owned by Richard Caring, opened in the 2010s: on Basil Street in Knightsbridge in 2017, and on James Street in Marylebone in 2018.
English Fallow budgerigar mutation
The English Fallow budgerigar mutation is one of approximately 30 mutations affecting the colour of budgerigars.  At least three types of Fallow, the German, English and Scottish, all named after their country of origin, have been established, although none of these types is common.  They are superficially similar, but adult birds may be distinguished by examining the eye.  All have red eyes, but the German Fallow shows the usual white iris ring, the eye of the English Fallow is a solid red with a barely discernible iris and the iris of the Scottish Fallow is pink.

In an attempt to regularise the names of mutations across all psittacines, it has been proposed
by Inte Onsman
that the name Pale Fallow be adopted for this mutation.  The name Dun Fallow has also been proposed, and Terry Martin suggests
Beige Fallow or Grey-Brown Fallow.  But in Budgerigar circles the variety is commonly known as the English Fallow, and is the name retained here.

German Fallow budgerigar mutation
The German Fallow budgerigar mutation is one of approximately 30 mutations affecting the colour of budgerigars.  At least three types of Fallow, the German, English, and Scottish, all named after their country of origin, have been established, although none of these types is common.  They are superficially similar, but adult birds may be distinguished by examining the eye.  All have red eyes, but the German Fallow shows the usual white iris ring, the eye of the English Fallow is a solid red with a barely discernible iris and the iris of the Scottish Fallow is pink.

In an attempt to regularise the names of mutations across all psittacines, it has been proposed
by Inte Onsman that the name Bronze Fallow be adopted for this mutation.
The Wild Swans (band)
The Wild Swans are a post-punk band from Liverpool, England, formed in 1980 shortly after Paul Simpson left the Teardrop Explodes. The band's personnel has been subject to regular turnover, with vocalist Simpson being the only constant member.

The original incarnation of the Wild Swans lasted until 1982, issuing one single. A reconstituted incarnation of the band issued two albums from 1988 to 1990 before dissolving again. In 2009, Simpson put a new lineup together and the group played numerous live dates, issuing a new studio album in 2011.

The Wild Swans also spun off two charting splinter projects: Care and the Lotus Eaters. Members of the Wild Swans have also been members of Echo & the Bunnymen, the Icicle Works, the Woodentops, the Brian Jonestown Massacre and the Lightning Seeds.

The Lotus Eaters (band)
The Lotus Eaters are an English new wave band formed in 1981 in Liverpool. Their debut single, "The First Picture of You", became a hit in the UK and in continental Europe, notably France, Italy, Belgium and Spain.
Andy Sugden
Andy Sugden (also Hopwood) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, Emmerdale, played by Kelvin Fletcher. He made his first on-screen appearance on 4 July 1996. Andy is the son of Billy Hopwood (David Crellin) and Trisha Hopwood and the adoptive son of Jack Sugden (Clive Hornby) and Sarah Sugden (Alyson Spiro).

Sarah Sugden
Sarah Connolly (also Sugden) is a fictional character from the British television soap opera Emmerdale. She was first played by Madeleine Howard from 1988 until 1994 then by Alyson Spiro from 1994 until 2000.
Leominster railway station
Leominster railway station lies on the Welsh Marches Line, serving the town of Leominster in Herefordshire,  England. It is situated 11+1⁄4 miles (18.1 km) north of Hereford. The station has two operational platforms, for northbound services via Ludlow and southbound via Hereford; in the past, it had three more for discontinued services to Worcester and Kington.

Hereford railway station
Hereford railway station serves the city of Hereford, in Herefordshire, England. Managed by Transport for Wales, it lies on the Welsh Marches Line, between Leominster and Abergavenny; it is also the western terminus of the Cotswold Line, for services to Birmingham New Street. The station has four platforms for passenger trains and two additional relief lines for goods services.
Belmullet
Belmullet (Irish: Béal an Mhuirthead, meaning 'mouth of the Mullet [Peninsula]', IPA:[ˌbʲeːlənˠˈwʊɾˠhəd̪ˠ]) is a coastal Gaeltacht town with a population of 1,019 on the Mullet Peninsula in the barony of Erris, County Mayo, Ireland. It is the commercial and cultural heart of the barony of Erris, which has a population of almost 10,000. According to the 2016 census 50% of people in the town were able to speak Irish while only 4% spoke it on a daily basis outside the education system.

Belmullet has two bays, Blacksod Bay and Broadhaven Bay, linked by Carter's Canal running through the town.

Erris
Erris is a barony in northwestern County Mayo in Ireland consisting of over 230,452 acres (932.61 km2), much of which is mountainous blanket bog.  It has extensive sea coasts along its west and north boundaries. The main towns are Belmullet and Bangor Erris. The name Erris derives from the Irish 'Iar Ros' meaning 'western promontory'. The full name is the Iorrais Domnann, after the Fir Bolg tribe, the Fir Domnann. To its north is the wild Atlantic Ocean and the bays of Broadhaven and Sruth Fada Conn and to its west is Blacksod Bay. Its main promontories are the Doohoma Peninsula, Mullet Peninsula, Erris Head, the Dún Chiortáin and Dún Chaocháin peninsulas and Benwee Head.

There are five Catholic parishes in Erris: Kilcommon, Kilmore, Kiltane, Belmullet and Ballycroy.
Aloe tormentorii
Aloe tormentorii is a species of flowering plant in the family Asphodelaceae. It is sometimes referred to by the common name Mazambron. This Aloe is endemic to the island of Mauritius, in the Indian Ocean.

It is one of only two Aloes to naturally occur in Mauritius - the other being the tall growing Aloe purpurea.
It is part of a group of aloes which bear fleshy berries, and were therefore classed as a separate group, "Lomatophyllum". Within this group, it is closely related to Madagascan Aloe occidentalis (which can be distinguished by having longer leaves, shorter inflorescence, and longer perianths, than Aloe tormentorii).

Aloe purpurea
Aloe purpurea (previously Lomatophyllum purpureum/borbonicum/aloiflorum. Locally known as "Mazambron" or "Socotrine du Pays") is a species of Aloe endemic to the island of Mauritius, in the Indian Ocean, where it formerly occurred on dry rocky slopes and outcrops, the highland plateaus, and the forests of the west. It is part of a group of aloes which bear fleshy berries, and were therefore classed as a separate group, "Lomatophyllum". It is also one of only two Aloe species which naturally occur on Mauritius - both endemic and occurring nowhere else.
John Garland James
John Garland James (born December 1, 1844 – February 12, 1930) was an American Civil War veteran, banker and academic administrator. He was the second President of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas (now Texas A&M University). He graduated from Virginia Military Institute in 1867. In 1865 while at VMI, he was the first initiate and a charter member of the Alpha Chapter of the Alpha Tau Omega fraternity.

Alpha Tau Omega
Alpha Tau Omega (ΑΤΩ), commonly known as ATO, is an American social fraternity founded at the Virginia Military Institute in 1865 by Otis Allan Glazebrook. The fraternity has around 250 active and inactive chapters and colonies in the United States and has initiated more than 229,000 members. VMI Cadets are no longer associated with the fraternity. In 1885, the VMI Board of Visitors ruled that cadets could no longer join fraternities based on the belief that allegiance to a fraternal group undermined the cohesiveness of and loyalty to the Corps of Cadets.

Alpha Tau Omega represents one-third of the Lexington Triad, along with Kappa Alpha Order and Sigma Nu. The Fraternity does not have chapters or affiliations outside the United States. The fraternity's non-profit organization is The ATO Foundation, which provides scholarships to its members.
Heze
Heze (Chinese: 菏泽; Chinese: 菏澤; pinyin: Hézé), formerly known as Caozhou, is the westernmost prefecture-level city in Shandong province, China, bordering Jining to the east and the provinces of Henan and Anhui to the west and south respectively. The total area is 12238.62 square kilometers and the population is 10.58 million. It governs Mudan District and Dingtao District, 2 districts and 7 counties including Caoxian, Chengwu, Shanxian, Juye, Yuncheng, Juancheng and Dongming.

There are more than 100 cultural relics and historic sites in the territory, 6 national-level cultural relics protection units, and 52 provincial-level cultural relics protection units. Places of interest include Caozhou Peony Garden, Yuncheng Water Margin, Sunbin Tourist City, Dingtao Han Tomb, Shanxian Archway, Jinshan Mountain, Fangshan Mountain, Fulong Lake, the scenery of the old Yellow River route, etc.

Jining
Jining (simplified Chinese: 济宁; traditional Chinese: 濟寧 / 濟寗; pinyin: Jǐníng) is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Shandong province. It borders Heze to the southwest, Zaozhuang to the southeast, Tai'an to the northeast, and the provinces of Henan and Jiangsu to the northwest and south respectively. Jining, which is located directly to the north of Lake Nanyang (Chinese: 南阳湖; pinyin: Nányáng Hú), is today the northernmost city reachable by navigation on the Grand Canal of China making it an important inland port.

Its population was 8,081,905 at the 2010 census, of whom 1,518,000 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made up of Rencheng urban district on 884 km2 (341 sq mi), Yanzhou district not being totally conurbated yet.
Conrad Hilton
Conrad Nicholson Hilton (December 25, 1887 – January 3, 1979) was an American hotel magnate and politician who founded the Hilton Hotels chain. From 1912 to 1916, Hilton was a Republican representative in the first New Mexico Legislature, but became disillusioned with the "inside deals" of politics. In 1919, he purchased his first hotel, the Mobley Hotel in Cisco, Texas, for US$40,000 (equivalent to $725,451 in 2024) and subsequently capitalized on the oil boom. The rooms were rented out in eight-hour shifts. He continued to purchase and sell hotels, and eventually established the world's first international hotel chain. When he died in 1979, he left the bulk of his estate to the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation.

Conrad N. Hilton Foundation
The Conrad N. Hilton Foundation  is an American non-profit charitable foundation, established in 1944 by hotel entrepreneur Conrad Hilton. It remained relatively small until his death on January 3, 1979, when it was named the principal beneficiary of his estate. In 2007, Conrad's son, Barron Hilton, announced that he would leave about 97% of his fortune to a charitable remainder unitrust which names the foundation as the remainder beneficiary.
Aortic hiatus
The aortic hiatus is a midline: 185  opening in the posterior part of the diaphragm giving passage to the descending aorta as well as the thoracic duct, and variably the azygos and hemiazygos veins. It is the lowest and most posterior of the large apertures.

It is located at the level of the inferior border of the twelfth thoracic vertebra (T12), posterior to the median arcuate ligament: 185  between the two crura of the diaphragm.

Crus of diaphragm
The crus of diaphragm (pl.: crura), refers to one of two tendinous structures that extends below the diaphragm to the vertebral column. There is a right crus and a left crus, which together form a tether for muscular contraction. They take their name from their leg-shaped appearance – crus meaning leg in Latin.
Puketi hydroelectric power plant
The Puketi hydroelectric power plant was a micro hydropower plant constructed near the village of Puketi in Suriname, with a capacity of 50 kW (67 hp). The plant provided electricity between 1981 and 1987 before it went into disrepair. According to hydrologist Rudi van Els, the plant could be rehabilitated, but efforts are now focussed on the construction of the Gran Olo hydroelectric power plant nearby.

Gran Olo hydroelectric power plant
The Gran Olo hydroelectric power plant is a mini hydro power plant under construction on the Tapanahony River in Suriname with a projected capacity of 300 kilowatts (400 hp), although initially only one turbine with a capacity of 150 kilowatts (200 hp) will be operated. The power plant will initially provide electricity to the villages of Puketi and Futupasi, but in the future extension of the grid to villages in the region is foreseen.
Brite Ranch raid
The Brite Ranch raid was an incident that occurred on Christmas Day 1917, in which Mexican raiders crossed the Rio Grande River border and attacked a ranch in Presidio County, Texas. At the time the raiders were thought to be Villistas, as they had been responsible for several other previous incursions into American territory, though other accounts say that some Carrancistas were involved as well. During the raid the Mexicans murdered three people, robbed a general store and rode back to Chihuahua under pursuit by a motorized posse and troops of the United States Army 8th Cavalry. The Americans fought a running battle with the Mexicans on December 26 that resulted in the deaths of several raiders and the recovery of some stolen property.  Soon after, an expedition to find more of the raiders led to another more violent episode when, on January 27, 1918, a force of Texas Rangers accompanied by US Cavalry, executed 15 Mexican men in what became known as the Porvenir Massacre.

Porvenir massacre (1918)
The Porvenir massacre was an incident on January 28, 1918, outside the village of Porvenir, in Presidio County, Texas, in which Texas Rangers and local ranchers, with the support of US Cavalry, killed 15 unarmed Mexican American boys and men.: 64  The Texas Rangers Company B had been sent to the area to stop banditry after the Brite Ranch raid. Despite having no evidence that the Porvenir villagers had been involved in recent thefts or the killings of ranchers, the Rangers separated 15 men and boys from the rest of the village and shot them on a nearby hill.: 64