hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tolyltriazole
Tolyltriazole is a mixture of isomers or congeners that differ from benzotriazole by the addition of one methyl group attached somewhere on the benzene ring. "The term tolyltriazole (CAS 29385-43-1) generally [refers to] the commercial mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of 4- and 5-methylbenzotriazole, with small quantities of [their respective 7- and 6-methyl tautomers]".

Benzotriazole
Benzotriazole (BTA) is a heterocyclic compound with the chemical formula C6H4N3H. It can be viewed as the fusion of a benzene and triazole rings. It is a white solid, although impure samples can appear tan. It is used as a corrosion inhibitor for copper and silver.
Pattern 1853 Enfield
The Enfield Pattern 1853 rifle-musket (also known as the Pattern 1853 Enfield, P53 Enfield, and Enfield rifle-musket) was a .577 calibre Minié-type muzzle-loading rifled musket, used by the British Empire from 1853 to 1867; after which many were replaced in service by the cartridge-loaded Snider–Enfield rifle.

Snider–Enfield
The British .577 Snider–Enfield was a breech-loading rifle. The American inventor, Jacob Snider created this firearm action, and the Snider–Enfield was one of the most widely used of the Snider varieties. The British Army adopted it in 1866 as a conversion system for its ubiquitous Pattern 1853 Enfield muzzle-loading rifles, and used it until 1880 when the Martini–Henry rifle began to supersede it. The British Indian Army used the Snider–Enfield until the end of the nineteenth century.
George Foster Herben
George Foster Herben (17 March 1893 – 17 March 1966) was an American physician. He spent his career in New York, predominantly treating tuberculosis. After interning at Brooklyn Hospital, Herben worked at the Loomis Sanitarium by Liberty, and then at the House of Rest at Sprain Ridge, a tuberculosis hospital and preventorium in Yonkers. At the House of Rest he variously served as physician in chief and as medical director. Herben developed and published several new treatments during this time, including a replacement for conventional iron lungs.

Herben was the son of Stephen J. Herben and Grace Foster Herben, a Methodist minister and missionary, respectively. His father's influence occasioned a number of high-profile acquaintances, from meeting President Theodore Roosevelt as a boy to knowing his father's friend Thomas Edison. He was the older brother of Stephen J. Herben Jr., a professor of philology at Bryn Mawr College.

Stephen J. Herben
Rev. Stephen Joseph Herben (11 May 1861 – 22 February 1937) was an editor and clergyman in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Born in London but raised in America, by 1906 he was considered "one of the best known men in the Methodist Church". In 1931 he conducted the service at the burial of Thomas Edison, a close friend.
Nick Carter
Nickolas Gene Carter (born January 28, 1980) is an American singer and a lead vocalist of the vocal group Backstreet Boys. As of 2025, he has released four solo albums, Now or Never (2002), I'm Taking Off (2011), All American (2015) and Love Life Tragedy (2025), all during breaks between Backstreet Boys schedules, and a collaboration with Jordan Knight titled Nick & Knight. He has made occasional television appearances and starred in his own reality shows, House of Carters and I (Heart) Nick Carter.

Jordan Knight
Jordan Nathaniel Marcel Knight (born May 17, 1970) is an American pop singer and songwriter. He is the lead vocalist of the boy band New Kids on the Block (NKOTB), which rose to fame in the 1980s and 1990s, using a falsetto style of singing influenced by The Stylistics. After New Kids on the Block split in 1994, he launched a solo career.

Knight's first solo album, released in 1999, and his latest solo album, released in 2011, reached the Top 50 on the U.S. Billboard 200. As of 2011, he released four Top 40 singles, the best known being "Give It to You" in 1999. Knight has released three solo albums, one remix album, and one EP. On May 31, 2011, Knight released the studio album, Unfinished. Knight has sold over 1.5 million records worldwide as a solo artist.
Rathmines
Rathmines (/ˈræθˌmaɪnz/; Irish: Ráth Maonais, meaning 'ringfort of Maonas') is an inner suburb on the Southside of Dublin in Ireland. It begins at the southern side of the Grand Canal and stretches along the Rathmines Road as far as Rathgar to the south, Ranelagh to the east, and Harold's Cross to the west. It is situated in the city's D06 postal district.

Rathmines is a commercial and social hub and was well known across Ireland as "Flatland"—an area where subdivided large Georgian and Victorian houses provided rented accommodation to newly arrived junior civil servants and third-level students from outside the city from the 1930s. However, in more recent times, Rathmines has diversified its housing stock and many historic houses formerly divided into often tiny flats and bedsits have in a process of gentrifying been re-amalgamated into single-family homes. Rathmines gained a reputation as a "Dublin Belgravia" in the 19th century.

Harold's Cross
Harold's Cross (Irish: Cros Araild, meaning 'Harold's Cross') is an affluent urban village and inner suburb on the south side of Dublin, Ireland in the postal district D6W. The River Poddle runs through it, though largely in an underground culvert, and it holds a major cemetery, Mount Jerome, and Our Lady's Hospice.
Maleflixxx Television
Maleflixxx Television is a Canadian exempt English language specialty channel. It is a premium adult entertainment television channel, with programming consisting of gay male pornography. It is also noted as the first 24-hour channel of its kind in the world. Maleflixxx Television also has plans to be distributed internationally in the future, including the United States and Europe.

Maleflixx Television is owned by Channel Zero Inc. in conjunction with Sureflix Digital Distribution (a provider of gay adult programming) who program and operate the service.

Channel Zero (company)
2308740 Ontario Inc., doing business as Channel Zero, is an independent Canadian broadcasting and media group, which holds assets in television broadcasting and film distribution. The company is headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, with its main office in the Junction.
Prince Abdul Muntaqim of Brunei
Abdul Muntaqim ibni Al-Muhtadee Billah (Jawi: عبد المنتقم; born 17 March 2007) is a member of the royal family of Brunei. He is the eldest child of Crown Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah and Crown Princess Sarah and grandson of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei. Prince Muntaqim is second in the line of succession to the Bruneian throne after his father.

Al-Muhtadee Billah
Al-Muhtadee Billah ibni Hassanal Bolkiah (Jawi: المهتدي بالله ابن حسن البلقية; born 17 February 1974) is the eldest son of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah and his wife Queen Saleha. He is the Crown Prince of Brunei Darussalam, and is first in the line of succession to the Bruneian throne. He is expected to eventually lead the state and government, and is regarded as the second most significant figure in the political hierarchy.
Rolling Hills Estates, California
Rolling Hills Estates is an affluent city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. On the northern side of the Palos Verdes Peninsula, facing Torrance, Rolling Hills Estates is mostly residential. Incorporated in 1957, Rolling Hills Estates has many horse paths. The population was 8,280 at the 2020 census, up from 8,067 at the 2010 census.

Palos Verdes Peninsula
The Palos Verdes Peninsula (Palos Verdes (Spanish for 'Green Sticks')) is a peninsular subregion of the Los Angeles metropolitan area, located within southwestern Los Angeles County, California. It is often called simply "Palos Verdes", and is made up of a group of cities in the Palos Verdes Hills, including Palos Verdes Estates, Rancho Palos Verdes, Rolling Hills, Rolling Hills Estates, and the unincorporated community of Westfield/Academy Hill, as well as the Los Angeles City neighborhood of San Pedro.

The peninsula is located in the South Bay region. It borders the city of Torrance to its north, the Pacific Ocean is on the west and south, and the Port of Los Angeles is to the east. As of the 2010 census, the population of the Palos Verdes Peninsula is 65,008. The hill cities on the peninsula are known for scenic views of the Pacific Ocean and cityscapes, distinguished schools, extensive horse trails, and high-value homes.
Firozpur Cantonment
Ferozepur Cantonment, also known as Firojpur Cantonment and Firojepur Cantonment, is a cantonment town in Firozpur district in the state of Punjab, India. It is located to the south of the city of Firozpur.

The cantonment played a key role for the British Indian Army during First Anglo-Sikh War. Today, it serves as the headquarters of the 7th Infantry Division of the Indian Army

Firozpur district's key administrative offices and residences, including the district courts and the commissioner's office, are within the cantonment rather than the city.

The Mall Road is the main road of the Cantonment and runs through most of its length. All key offices and institutions as well as residences are located on, or in close proximity to, the Mall Road.

Firozpur
Firozpur, (pronunciation: [fɪroːzpʊr])  also known as Ferozepur, is a city on the banks of the Sutlej River in the Firozpur District of Punjab, India. After the Partition of India in 1947, it became a border town on the India–Pakistan border with memorials to soldiers who died fighting for India. The nearby Firozpur Cantonment is a major cantonment of the country.
United Front Work Department
The United Front Work Department (UFWD) is an organ of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) responsible for conducting "united front work." It manages relations with, gathers intelligence on, and attempts to gain influence over elite individuals and organizations inside and outside mainland China, including in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and in other countries.

The UFWD focuses its work on people or entities that are outside the CCP, especially in the overseas Chinese diaspora, who hold political, commercial, religious, or academic influence, or who represent interest groups. Through its efforts, the UFWD seeks to ensure that these individuals and groups are supportive of or useful to CCP interests and that potential critics remain divided.

United front in Taiwan
The united front in Taiwan is an aspect of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the government of the People's Republic of China's larger united front strategy, applied to Taiwan, to achieve unification. It relies on the presence of pro-Beijing groups in Taiwan combined with a carrot-and-stick approach of threatening war with Taiwan while offering opportunities for business and cultural exchanges. According to officials of Taiwan's Mainland Affairs Council, the CCP has long relied on organized crime as part of its united front tactics in Taiwan. In Taiwan, the term "united front" is often linked to Chinese imperialism and expansionism by critics of Chinese unification.
Premetro (Buenos Aires)
The Premetro, officially Line P, is a 7.4-kilometer-long (4.6 mi) light rail line that runs along the outskirts of Buenos Aires, connecting with the Buenos Aires Underground line E, at Plaza de los Virreyes station and then to General Savio, with a short branch to Centro Cívico. It opened in 1987 and is operated by Emova. Originally, the Premetro was to include many more lines, but shortly after the privatisation of the railways the projects were postponed and never materialised and only "Premetro E2" was built.

Line E (Buenos Aires Underground)
Line E of the Buenos Aires Underground runs from Retiro  to Plaza de los Virreyes, a total distance of 12 km. Opened in 1944, the Line E was the last completely new line to be added to the Buenos Aires Underground, until 2007 when Line H was opened. The line has a history of being re-routed and extended due to having been historically the line with the lowest passenger numbers on the network.
Environmental Defender's Office NSW
The Environmental Defender's Office (NSW) in Sydney, New South Wales, was one of nine EDO offices located across Australia, formerly known as the Australian Network of EDOs (ANEDO).

In 2019, eight EDOs agreed to merge and form a single national organisation Environmental Defender Office (EDO Ltd).

Environmental Defenders Office
Environmental Defenders Office (EDO) is a company limited by guarantee and an Australian Charity / NGO that encourages, funds, and provides lawyers and legal support for litigation, law reform, and community engagement on climate change and environmental issues. EDO formed in late 2019 with the merger of eight separate state and territory organisations into one national organisation. Topics of interest to EDO include: climate change, biodiversity, water, and healthy communities.

EDO was founded in 1996 and consisted of nine independently constituted and managed community environmental law centres located in States and Territories of Australia. In 2014, EDO Victoria left to form Environmental Justice Australia. In 2019, the eight separate EDOs of Australia agreed to merge into one national organisation, Environmental Defenders Office (EDO Ltd). EDO has eight offices around Australia, located in: Adelaide, Brisbane, Cairns, Canberra, Darwin, Hobart, Perth and Sydney.
Mayor of Winchester
The Office of Mayor of Winchester is the second oldest mayoralty in England, dating back to the period when Winchester was the capital of Wessex and England. The Mayor of Winchester thus stands second only to the Lord Mayor of the City of London in the order of precedence of civic heads.

Winchester is one of just five local authorities in England to have an official residence for its Mayor. Abbey House was built in about 1700 and sited in the Abbey Gardens just off The Broadway in Winchester. It was acquired by the City Council in 1889. The house stands on the site of a monastic establishment known as Nunnaminster and later as St Mary's Abbey, which was founded around AD900 by Alfred's Queen Ealhswith. The Abbey survived until the late 1530s when it was formally surrendered to the Crown as part of the Dissolution of the Monasteries.

City of Winchester
Winchester (/ˈwɪntʃɪstər/), or the City of Winchester, is a local government district with city status in Hampshire, England.

The district is named after its main settlement of Winchester, which is where the council is based and is also the county town of Hampshire. The city boundaries also encompass a large surrounding rural area, including the towns of New Alresford and Whiteley and numerous villages.

Parts of the district lie within the South Downs National Park. The neighbouring districts are Basingstoke and Deane, East Hampshire, Havant, Portsmouth, Fareham, Eastleigh and Test Valley.
New Jersey Route 18N
Route 18N was a state highway in New Jersey from 1923 to 1929, when it was renumbered as Route 1 and Route S1A. Route 18-N was defined in 1923 to run "from Hoboken to New York State line by way of Weehawken, West Hoboken, town of Union, North Bergen, Fairview, Ridgefield, Palisade Park, Fort Lee, Englewood-Cliffs, Tenafly and Alpine." The part from Hoboken to Fort Lee was not built or taken over as Route 18-N; it seems to follow the old Bergen Turnpike to Ridgefield and then Route 5 east. Route 18-N's south end was at pre-1927 Route 10, now Route 5.

In the 1927 renumbering, Route 18-N was kept, along with parts of pre-1927 Route 4, pre-1927 Route 5 and pre-1927 Route 8; a parallel road that is now County Route 501 was assigned the number Route 1. However, Route 1 was moved east to take over most of Route 18-N in 1929, and the southernmost part of 18N became Route S1A. Since the 1953 renumbering, that part of Route 1 has been only U.S. Route 9W and S1A has been Route 67.

New Jersey Route 67
Route 67 is a short state highway entirely within the community of Fort Lee in Bergen County, New Jersey. It is part of the original alignment of U.S. Route 9W (US 9W). The road runs 1.86 miles (2.99 km) from an intersection with Central Boulevard in Fort Lee (also designated as Route 5) up Palisade Avenue in downtown Fort Lee. There it becomes known as Lemoine Avenue, terminating at an interchange with US 9W, the Palisades Interstate Parkway and Route 445S in Fort Lee. The route was designated originally as a portion of State Highway Route 18N in 1923, and was split up in 1929 as part of present-day Route 63, US 9W and Route 67 for Routes S-1, 1 and Route S1A. Route S-1-A remained intact on Palisades and Lemoine Avenue until the 1953 state highway renumbering when it was switched over to Route 67. The route has remained virtually intact since.
Rolls-Royce RR300
The Rolls-Royce RR300 is a turbine aircraft engine (turboshaft/turboprop) developed for the light helicopter/general aviation market. Rated at up to 300 shp (224 kW) at take-off power, the RR300 is a rebadged and downrated variant of the Rolls-Royce Model 250-C20.

Allison Model 250
The Allison Model 250 (now known as the Rolls-Royce M250 and designated T63/T703 in US military service) is a highly successful turboshaft engine family, originally developed by the Allison Engine Company in the early 1960s. The Model 250 has been produced by Rolls-Royce since it acquired Allison in 1995.
Kitwanga River
The Kitwanga River is a tributary of the Skeena River near Hazelton in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, joining that stream at the community of Kitwanga (Gitwangak), which means "people of the place of rabbits".

The river is approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) long, beginning in the mountains to the northwest and curving around via and including 7-kilometre (4 mi) long Kitwancool Lake before heading south for 30 kilometres (19 mi) to the confluence with the Skeena.  Just north of Kitwancool Lake is a level pass with the upper basin of the Cranberry River, a tributary of the Nass.  The Kispiox Range lies west of the valley of the Kitwanga and Cranberry rivers.

Kitwanga
Kitwanga /ˈkɪtwəŋɡə/ or Gitwangak is in the Skeena region of west central British Columbia. Among the Hazelton and Bulkley Mountain Ranges, the place is on the north shore of the Skeena River, east of the Kitwanga River confluence. On BC Highway 37, northeast of the junction with BC Highway 16, the locality is by road about 115 kilometres (71 mi) northwest of Smithers, 99 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Terrace, and 212 kilometres (132 mi) southeast of Stewart.

The Gitwangak Band Council governs the First Nations portion. Adjacent to the northeast, the freehold part is an unincorporated community.
Rugby Southland
Rugby Southland (formerly the Southland Rugby Football Union) is the provincial rugby union who govern the Southland region of New Zealand. Their headquarters are at Rugby Park Stadium in Invercargill, which is also the home ground of the union's professional team, the Southland Stags who compete in the Mitre 10 Cup Championship Division and challenge for the Ranfurly Shield.

Despite their proud history, no Southland team has ever won the top division of the New Zealand National Provincial Championship since organised competition began in 1976. However, they have won the NPC second division title five times and held the Ranfurly Shield eight times, most recently in 2025 when they beat Waikato 25-10. Southland also plays for the Donald Stuart Memorial Shield against rivals Otago in what is the longest tenured provincial rivalry in New Zealand first-class rugby with close to 250 matches.

Otago Rugby Football Union
The Otago Rugby Football Union is the official governing body of rugby union for the Otago region of New Zealand. The union is based in the city of Dunedin, and its home ground is Forsyth Barr Stadium. The top representative team competes in the ITM Cup, New Zealand's top provincial competition. The union was to have been liquidated in March 2012. However a deal involving the Dunedin City Council allowed it to keep operating. Otago have won the Ranfurly Shield on eight occasions (1935, 1938, 1947, 1957, 2013, 2018, 2020 and 2025). They were the National provincial championship winners in 1991 and 1998. They have a proud record playing international teams, having defeated South Africa and the British and Irish Lions.
RFU Junior Vase
The RFU Junior Vase is a rugby union national knockout cup competition in England run by the Rugby Football Union, which has been competed for since 1990.  It is mostly contested by 1st XV teams at level 9 of the English rugby union system, although sides as low as level 12 or even outside the league system can sometimes enter. The competition is a national one, but split into regions until the national semi-finals with the final being held at Twickenham Stadium in London.  Presently, the RFU Junior Vase is the fifth most important club cup competition in England, behind the Premiership Rugby Cup, RFU Championship Cup, RFU Intermediate Cup and RFU Senior Vase.

RFU Senior Vase
The RFU Senior Vase is a rugby union national knockout cup competition in England run by the Rugby Football Union, which has been competed for since the 2006–07 season.  It is contested for by teams at level 8 of the English rugby union system, with only 1st XV sides being allowed to enter.  The competition is a national one but is split into regions until the semi-finals with the final being held at Twickenham Stadium in London.  As of 2018-19 it is the fourth most prestigious national club cup competition in England behind the Premiership Rugby Cup, RFU Championship Cup and RFU Intermediate Cup.
Thomas Custer
Thomas Ward Custer (March 15, 1845 – June 25, 1876) was a United States Army officer and two-time recipient of the Medal of Honor for bravery during the American Civil War. A younger brother of George Armstrong Custer, he served as his aide at the Battle of Little Bighorn against the Lakota and Cheyenne in the Montana Territory. The two of them, along with their younger brother, Boston Custer, were killed in the overwhelming defeat of United States forces.

Boston Custer
Boston Custer (October 31, 1848 – June 25, 1876) was the youngest brother of U.S. Army Lt. Colonel George Armstrong Custer and two-time Medal of Honor recipient Captain Thomas Custer. He was killed at the Battle of the Little Bighorn along with his two brothers.
Mississippi Transportation Commission
The Mississippi Transportation Commission is a government agency in the U.S. state of Mississippi which is responsible for overseeing the Mississippi Department of Transportation, overseeing the transportation industry, and formulating state transportation policy. It is the only popularly-elected state transportation board in the United States.

Mississippi Department of Transportation
The Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT) is the organization in charge of developing and maintaining all state and federal roadways in the U.S. state of Mississippi. In addition to highways, the department also has a limited role in supporting Mississippi's public transportation system, ports and waterways system, aeronautics and railroads. MDOT is headquartered in downtown Jackson.
Sabha District
Sabha (Arabic: سبها Sabhā) is one of the districts of Libya, situated near the center of the country in the Fezzan region. The city of Sabha serves as its capital. The district shares borders with the following districts: Wadi Al Shatii to the north, Al Jufrah to the east, Murzuq to the south, and Wadi Al Hayaa to the west.

As per the 2012 census, the total population in the region was 157,747, with an average household size of 6.9. The district had a total of 22,713 households, of which 20,907 were Libyan households. The population density of the district was 1.86 persons per square kilometer.

Wadi al Hayaa District
Wadi al Hayaa (Arabic: وادي الحياة Wādī al Ḥayāh) is one of the districts of Libya. Its capital is the city of Ubari. As of 2006, it had a population of 72,587, area of 31,890 square kilometres (12,310 sq mi) and a population density of 2.28 persons per square kilometer.