hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nyugati pályaudvar metro station
Nyugati pályaudvar (Western Railway Station) is a station on the M3 (North-South) line of the Budapest Metro. It is nominally located on the borders of District V, District VI and District XIII, the station itself is under Váci Road at between its intersections with Grand Boulevard and Katona József Street. The station was opened on 30 December 1981 as part of the extension of the line from Deák Ferenc tér to Lehel tér. Its name was Marx tér (Marx Square) before 1990.

The station is one of the busiest on the line, as it provides connections to tram lines 4 and 6 on Grand Boulevard, including access to Buda via Margit Bridge. Also, it serves the adjacent namesake Nyugati Railway Station (regional and international lines).

Budapest Nyugati station
Budapest Nyugati station (Hungarian: Nyugati pályaudvar, pronounced [ˈɲuɡɒti ˈpaːjɒudvɒr]; lit. 'western railway station'), generally referred to simply as Nyugati, is one of the three main railway terminals in Budapest, Hungary. The station is on the Pest side of Budapest, accessible by the 4 and 6 tramline and the M3 metro line.
GAIN Capital
GAIN Capital Holdings, Inc. was a US-based provider of online trading services, headquartered in Warren, New Jersey until it was acquired by StoneX Group in 2020. The company provided market access and trade execution services in foreign exchange, contracts for difference (CFDs) and exchange-based products to retail and institutional investors.  Trading was provided via one of two electronic trading platforms, its own proprietary FOREXTrader PRO later renamed as StoneX Pro and MetaTrader 4. GAIN Capital allowed retail and institutional clients to speculate on global foreign exchange markets in what is known as ‘margin forex trading’.

GAIN Capital operated retail foreign exchange and CFD trading brands, Forex.com and City Index as well as GTX, a fully independent FX ECN, a multi-dealer foreign exchange trading platform, for hedge funds and institutions. It also owned advisory CFD business, SALT Invest, and futures provider, Daniels Trading.

Forex.com
Forex.com is a provider of foreign exchange (FX) and contracts for difference (CFD) trading services. It operates as a brand of GAIN Capital Holdings, a subsidiary of the publicly traded StoneX Group Inc. (NASDAQ: SNEX). The company offers leveraged trading products across various markets including currencies, commodities, indices, and cryptocurrencies.
The Publican
The Publican was a weekly magazine for the UK licensed trade.

The Publican, was launched in 1975, featured news and comment on issues that affect the pub trade as well as jobs and pubs for sale and lease. In 2011, it merged with its main rival Morning Advertiser, to become The Publican's Morning Advertiser.

In 2008 the magazine had an audited circulation of 33,404 and was distributed via subscription and controlled circulation to individual pubs as well as large pub companies and breweries.

Morning Advertiser
Morning Advertiser is an online pub trade news publication in the UK.  It is one of the oldest news publications in the world, beginning as a newspaper in 1794 and being published in hard copy until 2020. In 2011, William Reed Ltd, bought The Publican from United Business Media and merged the two titles to form The Publican's Morning Advertiser, a printed magazine with a news website. The merger returned its original name to the Morning Advertiser in July 2016. As of April 2020, the printed magazine has been suspended and all content has been published on the website www.morningadvertiser.co.uk, which attracts 143,371 unique users per month.
Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)
The Union of the Democratic Centre (Spanish: Unión de Centro Democrático, UCD, also translated as "Democratic Centre Union") was an electoral alliance, and later political party, in Spain, existing from 1977 to 1983. It was initially led by Adolfo Suárez (1977–1981) and then by Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo (1981–1982). It was dissolved in 1983 following ideological splits and member defections to other parties, such as the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party or the People's Alliance.

People's Alliance (Spain)
The People's Alliance (Spanish: Alianza Popular, AP) was a post-Francoist electoral coalition, and later a conservative political party in Spain, founded in 1976 as a federation of political associations. Transformed into a party in 1977 and led by Manuel Fraga, it became the main conservative party in Spain. It was refounded as the People's Party in 1989.
Symplectic manifold
In differential geometry, a symplectic manifold is a smooth manifold, , equipped with a closed nondegenerate differential 2-form , called the symplectic form. The study of symplectic manifolds is called symplectic geometry or symplectic topology. Symplectic manifolds arise naturally in abstract formulations of classical mechanics and analytical mechanics as the cotangent bundles of manifolds. For example, in the Hamiltonian formulation of classical mechanics, which provides one of the major motivations for the field, the set of all possible configurations of a system is modeled as a manifold, and this manifold's cotangent bundle describes the phase space of the system.

Hamiltonian mechanics
In physics, Hamiltonian mechanics is a reformulation of Lagrangian mechanics that emerged in 1833. Introduced by Sir William Rowan Hamilton, Hamiltonian mechanics replaces (generalized) velocities  used in Lagrangian mechanics with (generalized) momenta. Both theories provide interpretations of classical mechanics and describe the same physical phenomena.

Hamiltonian mechanics has a close relationship with geometry (notably, symplectic geometry and Poisson structures) and serves as a link between classical and quantum mechanics.
KDLH
KDLH (channel 3) is a television station in Duluth, Minnesota, United States, affiliated with The CW Plus. It is owned by Gray Media alongside Superior, Wisconsin–licensed dual NBC/CBS affiliate KBJR-TV, channel 6 (and its Chisholm, Minnesota–licensed semi-satellite KRII, channel 11). The two stations share studios on South Lake Avenue in Canal Park, downtown Duluth; KDLH's transmitter is located west of downtown in Hilltop Park.

Throughout most of the station's history, KDLH had long been the Twin Ports' CBS affiliate. In its latter years, it was operated by Quincy Media through a shared services agreement (SSA) with then-owner SagamoreHill Broadcasting, making it sister to KBJR and KRII. Following the end of KDLH's SSA on August 1, 2016 (resulting from the station's sale from Malara Broadcast Group, concurrent with the sale of KBJR by Granite Broadcasting), CBS programming was moved to KBJR-DT2 and KDLH switched exclusively to The CW.

Quincy Media
Quincy Media, Inc., formerly known as Quincy Newspapers, Inc., was a family-owned media company that originated in the newspapers of Quincy, Illinois. The company's history can be traced back to 1835, when the Bounty Land Register was one of four newspapers in Illinois. Over the next century, a number of mergers followed. The company moved into radio in 1947 and began television broadcasts in 1953.

The company was owned by the Oakley and Lindsay families of Quincy.
KazSat-2
KazSat-2 (Kazakh: ҚазСат-2, QazSat-2) is the second Kazakh communications satellite after KazSat-1. It was launched on 16 July 2011, at 23:16:10 UTC by Proton-M / Briz-M launch vehicle. This satellite was constructed by Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center for the satellite bus and Thales Alenia Space (Italy) for the payload. Thales Alenia Space is also the provider of KazSat-1 and KazSat-3 payloads.

KazSat-3
KazSat-3 (Kazakh: ҚазСат-3, QazSat-3) is a telecommunications satellite which was launched 28 April 2014 at 04:25:00 UTC from Cosmodrome Baikonur in Kazakhstan. with a Proton-M launch vehicle.

KazSat-3 is designed for services of telecommunications, television broadcasting and high-speed Internet access in Kazakhstan and neighboring countries. The spacecraft is developed and produced under the contract with the Republican Center of Space Communication (RCSC) within the project of creating a republican national telecommunications and broadcasting space system.

The spacecraft was reported lost on 16 September 2023 due to battery issues that shortened its mission duration down to 9 years.
Teine-ku, Sapporo
Teine-ku (手稲区) is one of the 10 wards in Sapporo, Hokkaidō, Japan. The ward is located in northwest of Sapporo, which is neighboured to three other wards in Sapporo and two cities. The area was established as one of the wards in Sapporo in 1989, when it was split from Nishi-ku, Sapporo.

Nishi-ku, Sapporo
Nishi (西区; -ku, lit. "west ward") is a ward of Sapporo composed of residential neighborhoods mostly arranged in grid patterns, with some areas of farmland and forested mountainous terrain mostly near its western and southern edges. It is located the west part of Sapporo city and the second largest of Sapporo's 10 wards. Neighbourhoods within Nishi-ku include Kotoni (琴似), Hachiken (八軒), Nijuyonken (二十四軒), Yamanote (山の手), Nishimachi (西町), Nishino (西野), Fukui (福井), Heiwa (平和), Hassamu (発寒), Miyanosawa (宮の沢), and Kobetsuzawa (小別沢).
Cruel Zinc Melodies
Cruel Zinc Melodies is a fantasy novel by American writer Glen Cook, the twelfth novel in his ongoing Garrett P.I. series.  The series combines elements of mystery and fantasy as it follows the adventures of private investigator Garrett.

Garrett P.I.
Garrett P.I. is a series of fantasy novels by American writer Glen Cook about Garrett, a freelance private investigator. The novels are written in a hard-boiled detective fiction style, with elements of traditional mystery and dialogue-based humor. Garrett, during his adventures in his home city of TunFaire and across Karenta and the Cantard, has to deal with elves, vampires, centaurs, trolls, and numerous mixed breeds, along with gods, wizards, witches and more. Unlike most fantasy series, the Garrett P.I. novels focus more on the detective aspects of the story and less on the magical.
Princess Elisabeth of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Princess Elisabeth of Waldeck and Pyrmont (German: Prinzessin Luise Elisabeth Hermine Erica Pauline zu Waldeck und Pyrmont; 6 September 1873 – 23 November 1961) was the youngest daughter of George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and wife of  Alexander, 2nd Prince of Erbach-Schönberg.

Alexander, Prince of Erbach-Schönberg
Alexander, Prince of Erbach-Schönberg (German: Alexander Ludwig Alfred Eberhard, Fürst & Graf zu Erbach-Schönberg; 12 September 1872 –18 October 1944) was the 2nd Prince of Erbach-Schönberg, eldest son of Gustav, 1st Prince of Erbach-Schönberg.
Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal
Newcastle is the third-largest city in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and is the province's industrial centre. The city has four industrial areas. The majority of its citizens reside in Newcastle East in the main townships of Madadeni and Osizweni, with the balance residing in Newcastle West (the two sides of Newcastle are separated by the N11 road). Set at the foothills of the northern KwaZulu-Natal Drakensberg Mountains, Newcastle is located in the northwest corner of the province along the Ncandu River.

Newcastle is the seat of the local municipality, and the Amajuba District Municipality. Newcastle's municipal area is 1,855 square kilometres (716 square miles), ranking Newcastle as South Africa's 15th-largest city and consists of 34 wards.

The N11 and R34 are the principal roads linking the city to the rest of South Africa.

Madadeni
Madadeni is a town in Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, which falls under Amajuba District Municipality. On the outskirts of Newcastle, Madadeni is situated 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) from Newcastle CBD. As of the 2011 census Madadeni has population of 119,497 citizens. Madadeni is divided into subs places referred to as sections Madadeni A-P.
U.S. Route 421 in Tennessee
U.S. Route 421 (US 421) is a north–south United States highway that runs for 43.4 miles (69.8 km) in East Tennessee, connecting the cities of Mountain City and Bristol.

The entire route is overlapped with SR 34, save for approximately a half mile between US 11E/US 19 and the Virginia State Line.

Tennessee State Route 34
State Route 34 (SR 34) is an unsigned state highway located in East Tennessee. The 155.7-mile-long (250.6 km) route traverses several cities through eight counties from the Knoxville area to the North Carolina state line via Greeneville and Bristol. The portion from Carter to Bristol is concurrent with U.S. Route 11E (US 11E) while the portion from Bristol to North Carolina is concurrent with US 421.
Shorty Baker
Harold "Shorty" Baker (May 26, 1914 in St. Louis, Missouri, US – November 8, 1966) was an American jazz trumpeter.

Baker began on drums, but switched to trumpet during his teens. He started his career on riverboats and played with Don Redman in the mid-1930s. He also worked with Teddy Wilson and Andy Kirk before joining Duke Ellington. He married Kirk's pianist Mary Lou Williams and though the two separated shortly thereafter, they never officially divorced.

Baker worked on and off in Duke Ellington's Orchestra from 1942 to 1962. He also worked with Johnny Hodges's group in the early 1950s, during the period when Hodges was not a member of Ellington's orchestra.

He died of throat cancer in New York at the age of 52.

Johnny Hodges
John Cornelius Hodges (July 25, 1907 – May 11, 1970) was an American alto saxophonist, best known for solo work with Duke Ellington's big band. He played lead alto in the saxophone section for many years. Hodges was also featured on soprano saxophone, but refused to play soprano after 1940. Along with Benny Carter, Hodges is considered to be one of the definitive alto saxophone players of the big band era.

After beginning his career as a teenager in Boston, Hodges began to travel to New York and played with Lloyd Scott, Sidney Bechet, Luckey Roberts and Chick Webb. When Ellington wanted to expand his band in 1928, Ellington's clarinet player Barney Bigard recommended Hodges. His playing became one of the identifying voices of the Ellington orchestra. From 1951 to 1955, Hodges left the Duke to lead his own band, but returned shortly before Ellington's triumphant return to prominence – the orchestra's  performance at the 1956 Newport Jazz Festival.
Incremental encoding
Incremental encoding, also known as front compression, back compression, or front coding, is a type of delta encoding compression algorithm whereby common prefixes or suffixes and their lengths are recorded so that they do not need to be duplicated. This algorithm is particularly well-suited for compressing sorted data, e.g., a list of words from a dictionary.

For example:

The encoding used to store the common prefix length itself varies from application to application. Typical techniques are storing the value as a single byte; delta encoding, which stores only the change in the common prefix length; and various universal codes. It may be combined with other general lossless data compression techniques such as entropy encoding and dictionary coders to compress the remaining suffixes.

Delta encoding
Delta encoding is a way of storing or transmitting data in the form of differences (deltas) between sequential data rather than complete files; more generally this is known as data differencing. Delta encoding is sometimes called delta compression, particularly where archival histories of changes are required (e.g., in revision control software).

The differences are recorded in discrete files called "deltas" or "diffs". In situations where differences are small – for example, the change of a few words in a large document or the change of a few records in a large table – delta encoding greatly reduces data redundancy. Collections of unique deltas are substantially more space-efficient than their non-encoded equivalents.

From a logical point of view, the difference between two data values is the information required to obtain one value from the other – see relative entropy. The difference between identical values (under some equivalence) is often called 0 or the neutral element.
Docklands Light Railway extension to Dagenham Dock
51°30′32″N 0°04′18″E﻿ / ﻿51.50889°N 0.07167°E﻿ / 51.50889; 0.07167

The Docklands Light Railway extension to Dagenham Dock was a proposed extension of the Docklands Light Railway (DLR) to Dagenham Dock in East London, to serve the Barking Riverside development and the wider London Riverside part of the Thames Gateway.

Plans for the extension can be traced back to 2002 and it was included in the London Plan from 2004. It had been anticipated that it could be completed and open for use by 2017. In November 2008, the Mayor of London Boris Johnson announced that due to financial constraints further development of the extension had been cancelled.

Since July 2022, the Barking Riverside development has been served by an extension of the London Overground to a new station at Barking Riverside. Proposals to extend the Docklands Light Railway to Thamesmead have subsequently become a priority instead of an extension to Dagenham Dock.

Barking Riverside railway station
Barking Riverside is a railway station in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham, East London. The eastern terminus of the Suffragette line of the London Overground, the station serves the Barking Riverside regeneration area and was built as part of a £327m extension of the Gospel Oak to Barking line. It opened on 18 July 2022 and provides interchange with the Uber Boat by Thames Clippers boat service from Barking Riverside Pier.

The extension runs partly over the existing London, Tilbury and Southend line from Barking, operated over by c2c, and over 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) of new track laid to the new station. The extension reduces typical journey times to the centre of Barking from the area by 18 minutes.
Tim Nichols
Tim Nichols (born in Portsmouth, Virginia) is an American country music singer and songwriter. Active since the late 1980s, Nichols has written for several country music singers including Keith Whitley, Tim McGraw, Faith Hill, Jo Dee Messina, and Alan Jackson. He and songwriter Zack Turner recorded one album for BNA Entertainment (now BNA Records) in 1993 as the duo Turner Nichols, in addition to charting two singles as one half of that duo. Nichols, along with Craig Wiseman, earned a Grammy Award for Best Country Song in 2004, for McGraw's Number One hit "Live Like You Were Dying".

Craig Wiseman
Craig Michael Wiseman is an American country music songwriter and producer, and the owner/founder of the Big Loud enterprise. He has been writing since the late 1980s, and his songs have been recorded by Lorrie Morgan, Tim McGraw, Kenny Chesney, Dolly Parton, Blake Shelton, and numerous other acts. He has written twenty-six No. 1 songs on the Billboard Hot Country Songs music charts, and has won a number of industry awards. In 2009, he was named "Songwriter of the Decade" by the Nashville Songwriters Association International, and in 2015, he was inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame.
Perbundos
Perbundos (Greek: Περβοῦνδος, Perboundos) was a 7th-century king of the Rhynchinoi, a Slavic group in what is modern Southern Macedonia. In ca. 675 he was taken prisoner by the Byzantine Empire due to his hostile intentions towards Thessalonica, and transported to Constantinople. Perbundos managed to escape, but was recaptured and executed, whereupon the Slavic tribes of Macedonia rose up and laid siege to Thessalonica. Perbundos is also called Prebond, his slavic noble men called him Prebond.

Siege of Thessalonica (676–678)
The siege of Thessalonica in 676–678 was an attempt by the local Slavic tribes to capture the Byzantine city of Thessalonica, taking advantage of the preoccupation of the Byzantine Empire with the repulsion of the First Arab Siege of Constantinople. The events of the siege are described in the second book of the Miracles of Saint Demetrius.
International Swaminarayan Satsang Mandal
The International Swaminarayan Satsang Mandal (ISSM) is a religious organisation of the Hindu faith based in USA. It comes under the Laxmi Narayan Dev Gadi of the Shree Swaminarayan Sampraday. The organisation has temples and centres in various parts of the country as well as a temple in Chicago, Illinois (America).

"International Swaminarayan Satsang Mandal" is a federally registered trade mark of ISSO of Chicago, Inc. in the USA. Currently, ISSM has been Associated with SS-AUSM, SS-AUSM still remains with Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Chicago (Wheeling). LNDYM Youth wing has been established under SS-AUSM in order to spread the Swaminarayan Sampraday.

Lakshmi Narayan Dev Gadi
The Lakshmi Narayan Dev Gadi (Gujarati:- લક્ષ્મીનારાયણ દેવ ગાદી) is one of the two gadis (diocese) that together form the Swaminarayan Sampradaya. It is headquartered at the Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Vadtal and controls the Dakshin Vibhag Lekh.
Rio School District
Rio School District is a school district in Ventura County, California. The district serves K–8 students in the northeast portion of the city of Oxnard and the unincorporated communities of El Rio and Nyeland Acres. Rio feeds into the Oxnard Union High School District, specifically Rio Mesa and Pacifica high schools.

Oxnard Union High School District
The Oxnard Union High School District (OUHSD) is a union high school district in Ventura County, California. The district serves students in grades 9–12 on the Oxnard Plain, including the cities of Oxnard, Port Hueneme, and Camarillo, California as well as adjacent unincorporated communities including El Rio, Somis, and Channel Islands Beach. As of 2020 the superintendent is Dr. Tom McCoy.
Chase (TV channel)
Chase (visually rendered in its logo all capital letters) was a Philippine television network owned and produced by Solar Entertainment Corporation through Solar TV Network, Inc. (now Nine Media Corporation) It was a sister of the networks Talk TV, ETC, 2nd Avenue,  Universal Channel, Jack TV, Basketball TV, Solar Sports, The Game Channel (which formerly used its evening airtime block) and Diva Universal. It was formerly available over and also broadcast via BEAM Channel 31 (free TV). Launched on December 24, 2011, its programming was focused on suspense, science fiction, and drama series (the same as the defunct C/S). It dissolved its operations on October 19, 2012 as it had been replaced by Jack City, the secondary network channel of Jack TV, although some of its programs are still carried over by said network station channel.

DWKC-DTV
DWKC-DTV (channel 31) is a television station in Metro Manila, Philippines, serving as the flagship of Broadcast Enterprises and Affiliated Media, Inc. Its main office is located at the 3rd floor, Globe Telecom Plaza 1, Pioneer Street corner Madison St., Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila while its transmitter and master control is located at Palos Verdes Subdivision, Sumulong Highway, Barangay Santa Cruz, Antipolo City, Rizal Province.