hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ilm-ul-Kalam
Ilm-ul-Kalam (Urdu: علم الکلام) is a 20th-century historical study of classical Kalam written by Shibli Nomani and serves as the second work in his series on Kalam. The book focuses on the theological debates between the Ash'arite and Mu'tazilite schools, with brief references to the Maturidite tradition. Shibli expressed sympathy toward Mu'tazilite rationalism and presented critical views on Ash'arite and traditionalist interpretations. Because of these views, the work received limited acceptance among the ulama, and a fatwa of takfir was issued against him. Despite this, the book is recognized in academic circles for its analytical discussion and originality. Later, Shibli wrote another related work, Al-Kalam, in which he presented his own modern interpretation of theology, considered an early effort to develop a 'new Kalam'.

Al-Kalam (book)
Al-Kalam (Urdu: الکلام) is a 20th-century Islamic theology book written by Shibli Nomani and serves as the third work in his series on Kalam. It complements his earlier work, Ilm-ul-Kalam, which focused on ancient Kalam. Shibli considered the study of ancient Kalam insufficient for the modern era due to changes in scope and scientific developments, and in Al-Kalam he attempted to lay the foundation for a modern Kalam. The book was organized according to ancient principles while addressing the requirements of the present age, presenting Shibli's own interpretation of theology. Both books received limited acceptance among the ulama, and a fatwa of takfir was issued against him. Despite this, Al-Kalam is cited and studied in academic circles.
Say (album)
Say (生-say- / Life -say-) is the second studio album by Japanese artist misono. It was released on July 16, 2008. The album was released in two different formats: CD only and CD+DVD. The album held the following single releases before its initial release: "Hot Time / A.__~answer~", "Pochi", "Zasetsu Chiten", "Juunin Toiro", "Mugen Kigen" and "Ninin Sankyaku". The title of the album combines the Chinese character for "life" (生) with ruby characters for the English word "say", creating a dual meaning.

The album contains all of misono's singles since Pochi up until Ninin Sankyaku, and all of those singles' a-sides and b-sides (sans "Ninin Sankyaku"'s medley). The DVD contains alternate versions of the music videos released for the singles. For example, the "Box ver." of "Zasetsu Chiten" takes place solely in the box setting of the original video.

Say made it to No. 13 on the Oricon daily charts, but dropped to No. 20 on the weekly charts.

Mugen Kigen
Mugen Kigen (夢幻期限 / Fantasy Era) is the ninth single by Japanese soloist misono. The single charted low on the Oricon charts, taking No. 32 for the week, and remaining on the charts for two weeks.

The single became her third in her Rock Singles Project, a project in which she released four different rock-themed singles with four different Japanese rock bands. For Mugen Kigen, misono worked with Japanese band Onsoku Line.
Nissan H engine
The Nissan H series of automobile engines is an evolution of the Nissan "R" engine which was based on the 1.5-liter, three-main bearing "G" engine used in the 1960s. Both inline-four and inline-six versions were produced. It is a pushrod OHV design with iron block, early models with an iron head, later models with aluminum head. Versions of this motor have been used in many Nissan autos and forklifts, well into the eighties and a version called H20II was in production until 2003. The SD diesels are based on this series of motors (bore spacing and basic block layout)

Straight-six engine
A straight-six engine (also referred to as an inline-six engine; abbreviated I6 or L6) is a piston engine with six cylinders arranged in a straight line along the crankshaft. A straight-six engine has perfect primary and secondary engine balance, resulting in fewer vibrations than other designs of six or fewer cylinders.

Until the mid-20th century, the straight-six layout was the most common design for engines with six cylinders. However, V6 engines gradually became more common in the 1970s and by the 2000s, V6 engines had replaced straight-six engines in most light automotive applications.

Due to their high and smooth torque, simplicity and reliability, weight and space, and balanced power delivery, straight-six engines are a common power source for trucks and buses.
Defense industry of Argentina
The Argentine defense industry has developed, over the years, different programs to improve the armed forces of Argentina. The first major steps to establish a defense industry were made during the Second World War and they received a boost during the 1970s after the United States imposed an arms embargo due to human rights violations. The politics of privatization carried out during the 1990s virtually eliminated domestic military production, but many factories were reopened during the last years.

Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic
The Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic (Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas de la República Argentina) are the combined armed forces of Argentina. It is controlled by the Commander-in-Chief (the President) and a civilian Minister of Defense. In addition to the Army, Navy and Air Force, there are two security forces, controlled by the Ministry of Security, which can be mobilized on occasion of an armed conflict: the National Gendarmerie, a gendarmerie used to guard borders and places of strategic importance; and the Naval Prefecture, a coast guard used to protect internal major rivers and maritime territory.

Traditionally, Argentina maintains close defense cooperation and military-supply relationships with the United States  and to a lesser extent, with Israel, Canada, Germany, France, Spain, Belarus, Italy, and Russia.

As of 2024, the current Chief of the General Staff is the Air Force Brigadier General Xavier Isaac.
Dance Hall Racket
Dance Hall Racket is a 1953 American low-budget noir crime drama film directed by Phil Tucker and starring Timothy Farrell. It was written by Lenny Bruce, who also stars in the film with his wife Honey Harlow.

Honey Bruce
Honey Bruce Friedman (born Harriett Elizabeth Jolliff; August 15, 1927 – September 12, 2005), also known by her professional name Honey Harlow, was an American stripper and showgirl who was married to comedian Lenny Bruce. In 1976, she released her autobiography, titled Honey: The Life and Loves of Lenny's Shady Lady.
Knights of the Round (video game)
Knights of the Round is a 1991 beat 'em up game developed and published by Capcom for arcades. Based loosely on the legend of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table, the game features an action role-playing-like level advancement system, with fighters automatically being upgraded to new weapons and armor as they advance through the game. The arcade version of the game was included in the compilations Capcom Beat 'Em Up Bundle (2018) and Capcom Arcade 2nd Stadium (2022).

Capcom Beat 'Em Up Bundle
Capcom Beat 'Em Up Bundle (released in Japan and Asia as Capcom Belt Action Collection) is a 2018 beat 'em up game compilation developed and published by Capcom. Featuring emulated versions of various beat 'em up video games from Capcom's history, it was released for Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in September 2018, with the game being released for Windows later in October. A physical release occurred in Japan on 6 December for PlayStation 4 and Nintendo Switch.
Indalecio Prieto
Indalecio Prieto Tuero (30 April 1883 – 11 February 1962) was a Spanish politician, a minister and one of the leading figures of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) in the years before and during the Second Spanish Republic. Less radical than Francisco Largo Caballero, Prieto served as minister under his government during the Spanish Civil War. Exiled in Mexico after the republican defeat, he led the Socialist Party from 1948 to 1951.

Francisco Largo Caballero
Francisco Largo Caballero (15 October 1869 – 23 March 1946) was a Spanish politician and trade unionist who served as the prime minister of the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War. He was one of the historic leaders of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and of the Workers' General Union (UGT). Although he entered politics as a moderate leftist, after the 1933 general election in which the conservative CEDA party won the majority, he took a more radical turn and began to advocate for a socialist revolution, supporting the failed Revolution of 1934 in Asturias.

After the victory of the Popular Front in the 1936 Spanish general election and following the July coup, Largo Caballero served as prime minister of Spain during the Spanish Civil War from 4 September 1936 until 17 May 1937. Exiled in France following the Republican defeat in 1939, Largo Caballero was imprisoned in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp after the Nazi invasion of France.
Ninepipe National Wildlife Refuge
Ninepipe National Wildlife Refuge is a 4,027-acre (1,630 ha) National Wildlife Refuge and unit of the National Bison Range Complex, located in Lake County, Montana.

It was established in 1921, and is within the Flathead Indian Reservation (known as the Tribal Trust Lands of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes) 5 mi (8.0 km) south of Ronan, Montana, United States.

National Bison Range Complex
The National Bison Range Complex includes four National Wildlife Refuges and the Northwest Montana Wetland Management District, and is located in the northwestern region of Montana in the northwestern United States.
Archbishop of Cologne
The Archbishop of Cologne governs the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cologne in western North Rhine-Westphalia. Historically, the archbishop was ex officio one of the prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire and ruled the Electorate of Cologne.

Since the early days of the Catholic Church, there have been 94 bishops and archbishops of Cologne. roue of them resigned n response to impeachment. Eight were coadjutor bishops before they took office. Seven were appointed as coadjutors freely by the pope. One moved to the Curia, where he became a cardinal. Additionally, six were chairmen of the German Bishops' Conference.

Cardinal Rainer Woelki has been Archbishop of Cologne since his 2014 transfer from Berlin, where he was also cardinal-archbishop.

Rainer Woelki
Rainer Maria Woelki (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪnɐ maˈʁiːa ˈvœlki]; born 18 August 1956) is a German Catholic prelate who has served as Archbishop of Cologne since 2014. This came following his election by the Cathedral Chapter to succeed Joachim Meisner. He previously served as Archbishop of Berlin. He was made a cardinal in 2012.
Modern Times Group
Modern Times Group (MTG) is a digital entertainment company based in Stockholm, Sweden. It formed from the media holdings of investment company Kinnevik, which in 1997 was distributed to the company stockholders. It is a strategic and operational investment holding company, managing a portfolio including gaming companies InnoGames and Ninja Kiwi, and digital network company Zoomin.TV.

Kinnevik distributed the MTG shares to its shareholders in 2018 and in 2019 MTG distributed shares in the newly founded Nordic Entertainment Group (now Viaplay Group) to its shareholders following the strategic transformation into a global digital entertainment company.

Kinnevik AB
Kinnevik AB (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɕɪ̂nːɛˌviːk]) is a Swedish investment company that was founded in 1936 by the Stenbeck, Klingspor and von Horn families.

Kinnevik is an active and long-term owner investing primarily in digital consumer businesses. Current CEO, Georgi Ganev, was appointed in 2018.

Kinnevik holds stakes in over 35 companies and invests across Europe and in the US. Kinnevik has four focus sectors: healthcare (value-based and virtual care), software, marketplaces and climate tech. The largest holding is Tele2.
Macquarie fault zone
The 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) long Macquarie fault zone (also known as the Macquarie Ridge, its gazetted name since 2015, the Macquarie Ridge complex or historically as the Macquarie Fault) is a major right lateral-moving transform fault along the seafloor of the south Pacific Ocean which runs from New Zealand southwestward towards the Macquarie triple junction. It is also the tectonic plate boundary between the Australian plate to the northwest and the Pacific plate to the southeast. As such it is a region of high seismic activity and recorded the largest strike-slip event on record up to 23 May 1989, of at least Mw8.0

Macquarie triple junction
The Macquarie triple junction is a geologically active tectonic boundary located at 61°30′S 161°0′E﻿ / ﻿61.500°S 161.000°E﻿ / -61.500; 161.000 at which the historic Indo-Australian plate, Pacific plate, and Antarctic plate collide and interact. The term triple junction is given to particular tectonic boundaries at which three separate tectonic plates meet at a specific, singular location. The Macquarie triple junction is located on the seafloor of the southern region of the Pacific Ocean, just south of New Zealand. This tectonic boundary was named in respect to the nearby Macquarie Island, which is located southeast of New Zealand.
Chung Khiaw Bank
Chung Khiaw Bank Limited was a Singaporean bank that was established by millionaire Aw Boon Haw and later became a subsidiary of United Overseas Bank after takeovers in 1971–72. Part of the shares of Chung Khiaw Bank was injected to a listed company Haw Par Brothers International in 1969 and was acquired by a domestic competitor United Overseas Bank (UOB) in 1971, after the parent company was takeover by Slater Walker. Chung Khiaw Bank merged with UOB in 1999.

The brand "Chung Khiaw Bank" was survived in nearby Malaysia as a subsidiary of UOB until 1997. In 1997, UOB (Malaysia) merged with Chung Khiaw Bank (Malaysia).

In 1971, Chung Khiaw Bank also have two branches in Hong Kong, which became the branches of UOB in 1999.

Haw Par Corporation
Haw Par Corporation Limited is a Singaporean company involved in healthcare, pharmaceuticals, leisure products, property and investment. It is the company responsible for Tiger Balm branded liniment (ointment). Its brands also included Kwan Loong and it also owns and operates weekend and leisure time destinations such as oceanariums.

The Haw Par Group owns two oceanariums: the now-defunct Underwater World oceanarium attraction at Sentosa, Singapore, and Underwater World Pattaya in Thailand.
Yousef Pashtun
Mohammad Yousef Pashtun (Pashto: یوسف پښتون) is an Afghan technocrat and politician. He served as Minister of Urban Development and Housing for two terms (2002–2003, 2005–2010) and as Governor of Kandahar province in 2003, replacing Gul Agha Sherzai under President Hamid Karzai's administration. In 2010, he was appointed as Senior Adviser to President Karzai on Construction, Mines, Water & Energy. In 2014, minister Pashtun continued to serve as Senior Adviser to President Ashraf Ghani. Yِousef Pashtun is also chairing the Kabul New City Development Authority Board.

Gul Agha Sherzai
Gul Agha Sherzai (Pashto: ګل آغا شيرزی; born 1954), also known as Mohammad Shafiq, is a politician and former warlord in Afghanistan. He is a former governor of Nangarhar province in eastern Afghanistan. He previously served as Governor of Kandahar province, in the early 1990s and from 2001 until 2003. In October 2013, Sherzai resigned from his post as governor and formally announced himself as a candidate for Afghanistan's 2014 Presidential Election, and served as the minister of border and tribal affairs until the Taliban captured Afghanistan again in 2021.
Marion Jones
Marion Lois Jones (born October 12, 1975), married Marion Jones-Thompson, is an American former world champion track-and-field athlete and former professional basketball player. She won three gold medals and two bronze medals at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, but was later stripped of her medals after admitting to lying to federal investigators about her use of performance-enhancing drugs.

Jones was one of the most famous athletes to be linked to the BALCO scandal. The performance-enhancing substance usage scandal covered more than 20 top-level athletes, including Jones's ex-husband, shot putter C. J. Hunter, and 100 m sprinter Tim Montgomery.

Jones played college basketball for the North Carolina Tar Heels, where she won the NCAA championship in 1994. She later played two seasons of professional basketball in the Women's National Basketball Association as a point guard for the Tulsa Shock.

C. J. Hunter
Cottrell James Hunter III (December 14, 1968 – November 28, 2021) was an American shot putter, coach, and the 1999 World Champion.

Hunter is well known for his involvement in the BALCO scandal and as the former spouse of sprinter Marion Jones.
Haplogroup M (mtDNA)
Haplogroup M is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. An enormous haplogroup spanning all the continents, the macro-haplogroup M, like its sibling the macro-haplogroup N, is a descendant of the haplogroup L3.

All mtDNA haplogroups considered native outside of Africa are descendants of either haplogroup M or its sibling haplogroup N. Haplogroup M is relatively young, having a younger most recent common ancestor date than some subclades of haplogroup N such as haplogroup R.

Haplogroup L3
Haplogroup L3 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade has played a pivotal role in the early dispersal of anatomically modern humans.

It is strongly associated with the out-of-Africa migration of modern humans of about 70–50,000 years ago.
It is inherited by all modern non-African populations, as well as by some populations in Africa.
Subhash Yadav
Subhash Yadav (1 April 1946 – 26 June 2013) was an Indian politician. He was Madhya Pradesh MLA for Kasrawad (1993 to 2008).
He has 4 daughters and 2 sons: Arun Subhashchandra Yadav (Congress leader & former MP ) and Sachin Yadav (MLA, Kasrawad).

Arun Subhashchandra Yadav
Arun Subhashchandra Yadav (born 15 January 1974) is an Indian politician and former member of the 14th and 15th Lok Sabha. He is a member of Indian National Congress. On 13 January 2014, he was appointed President of Madhya Pradesh Congress Committee.
She Knows Me Too Well
"She Knows Me Too Well" is a song written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love for the American rock band the Beach Boys, about a man who is engrossed and obsessed in his own jealousy and insecurity. It was released on the 1965 album The Beach Boys Today!, initially serving as the B-side of their "When I Grow Up (To Be a Man)" single in 1964.  It was among the earliest songs Brian composed while influenced by marijuana.

When I Grow Up (To Be a Man)
"When I Grow Up (To Be a Man)" is a song by the American rock band the Beach Boys from their 1965 album The Beach Boys Today!. Written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love, it was first issued as a single on August 24, 1964, paired with the B-side "She Knows Me Too Well". It peaked at number 9 in the U.S., number 27 in the UK, and number 1 in Canada.

The lyrics describe a boy who is feeling anxious about his own future when he will no longer be a teenager, pondering such questions as "Will I love my wife for the rest of my life?" It is possibly the earliest U.S. top 40 song to contain the expression "turn on", and is one of the earliest rock songs to cover the topic of impending adulthood. Musically, the song has been highlighted for its jazz influence and unique arrangement and harmonic structure.
Monolatry
Monolatry (Ancient Greek: μόνος, romanized: monos, lit. 'single', and λατρεία, latreia, 'worship') is the belief in the existence of many gods, but the insistence on the exclusive worship of only a single chosen deity. The term was possibly first used by Julius Wellhausen.

Monolatry is distinguished from monotheism, which asserts the existence of only one god, and henotheism, which accepts both the existence of other gods and the validity of their worship.

Henotheism
Henotheism is the worship of a single, supreme god that does not deny the existence or possible existence of other deities that may be worshipped. Friedrich Schelling (1775–1854) coined the word, and Friedrich Welcker (1784–1868) used it to depict primitive monotheism among ancient Greeks.

Max Müller (1823–1900), a German-British philologist and orientalist, brought the term into wider usage in his scholarship on the Indian religions, particularly Hinduism, whose scriptures mention and praise numerous deities as if they are one ultimate unitary divine essence. Müller made the term central to his criticism of Western theological and religious exceptionalism (relative to Eastern religions), focusing on a cultural dogma which held "monotheism" to be both fundamentally well-defined and inherently superior to differing concepts of God.
Glacial relict
A glacial relict is a population of a species that was common in the Northern Hemisphere prior to the onset of glaciation in the late Tertiary that was forced by climate change to retreat into refugia when continental ice sheets advanced. They are typically cold-adapted species with a distribution restricted to regions and microhabitats that allow them to survive despite climatic changes.

Glacial refugium
A glacial refugium (plural glacial refugia) is a geographic region which made possible the survival of flora and fauna during ice ages and allowed for post-glacial re-colonization. Different types of glacial refugia can be distinguished, namely nunatak, peripheral, and lowland. Glacial refugia have been suggested as a major cause of floral and faunal distribution patterns in both temperate and tropical latitudes. With respect to disjunct populations of modern-day species, especially in birds, doubt has been cast on the validity of such inferences, as much of the differentiation between populations observed today may have occurred before or after their restriction to refugia. In contrast, isolated geographic locales that host one or more critically endangered species (regarded as paleoendemics or glacial relicts) are generally uncontested as bona fide glacial refugia.
Congo River
The Congo River, formerly also known as the Zaire River, is the second-longest river in Africa, shorter only than the Nile, as well as the third largest river in the world by discharge volume, following the Amazon and Ganges–Brahmaputra rivers. It is the world's deepest recorded river, with measured depths of around 220 m (720 ft). The Congo–Lualaba–Luvua–Luapula–Chambeshi River system has an overall length of 4,700 km (2,900 mi), which makes it the world's ninth-longest river. The Chambeshi is a tributary of the Lualaba River, and Lualaba is the name of the Congo River upstream of Boyoma Falls, extending for 1,800 km (1,100 mi).

Measured along with the Lualaba, the main tributary, the Congo River has a total length of 4,370 km (2,720 mi). It is the only major river to cross the equator twice. The Congo Basin has a total area of about 4,000,000 km2 (1,500,000 mi2), or 13% of the entire African landmass.

Luapula River
The Luapula River is a north-flowing river of central Africa, within the Congo River watershed. It rises in the wetlands of Lake Bangweulu (Zambia), which are fed by the Chambeshi River. The Luapula flows west then north, marking the border between Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo before emptying into Lake Mweru. The river gives its name to Zambia's Luapula Province.
Arcania: Gothic 4
Arcania (originally released as Arcania: Gothic 4) is an action role-playing video game, spin-off of the Gothic series, developed by Spellbound Entertainment. It was published by JoWooD Entertainment in 2010.

The game was released on 12 October 2010 for Microsoft Windows and Xbox 360. In 2013, Nordic Games released ArcaniA and its expansion, Arcania: Fall of Setarrif, as Arcania: The Complete Tale for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, followed by the PlayStation 4 version in May 2015.

Arcania: Fall of Setarrif
Arcania: Fall of Setarrif is an action role-playing video game and the standalone expansion for Arcania: Gothic 4. It was released on 25 October 2011 after a long period of silence from both publishers and after being delayed indefinitely in March 2011.

It was announced by Spellbound Entertainment and JoWooD on 9 December 2010.