hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy
Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (Italian: Democrazia è Libertà – La Margherita, DL), commonly known simply as The Daisy (La Margherita), was a centrist political party in Italy. The party was formed from the merger of three parties within the centre-left coalition: the Italian People's Party, The Democrats and Italian Renewal.

The party president and leader was Francesco Rutelli, former mayor of Rome and prime minister candidate during the 2001 general election for The Olive Tree coalition, within which The Daisy electoral list won 14.5% of the national vote. The Daisy became a single party in February 2002. It was set up by former left-leaning Christian Democrats, centrists,  and social-liberals, including former Liberals and Republicans, as well as other left-wing politicians from the former Italian Socialist Party and Federation of the Greens. On 14 October 2007, DL merged with the Democrats of the Left to form the Democratic Party (PD).

Democrats of the Left
The Democrats of the Left (Italian: Democratici di Sinistra, DS) was a social-democratic political party in Italy. Positioned on the centre-left, the DS, successor of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS) and the Italian Communist Party, was formed in 1998 upon the merger of the PDS with several minor parties. A member of The Olive Tree coalition, the DS was successively led by Massimo D'Alema, Walter Veltroni, and Piero Fassino, and merged with Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy and a number of minor centre-left parties to form the Democratic Party in October 2007.
Salhoutuonuo Kruse
Salhoutuonuo Kruse (née Kruneilie; born 15 December 1966) is an Indian politician from Nagaland. In 2023, along with Hekani Jakhalu Kense, Kruse became the first woman to be elected to the Nagaland Legislative Assembly. She was appointed the Minister for Women Resource Development & Horticulture in the 5th Rio ministry, making her also the first female cabinet minister in Nagaland. She previously served as a president of the Angami Women Organization.

Hekani Jakhalu Kense
Hekani Jakhalu Kense (née Jakhalu; born after 1976) is an Indian politician and social entrepreneur from Nagaland. She set up the non-governmental organization YouthNet to help the youth of Nagaland pursue business opportunities. In 2018, she was recognised with the Nari Shakti Puraskar award.

In 2023, Jakhalu and Salhoutuonuo Kruse became the first woman from Nagaland to be elected to the Nagaland Legislative Assembly. Jakhalu is a member of the Naga People's Front(NPF).
West Tennessee School for the Deaf
West Tennessee School for the Deaf (WTSD) is a public state-operated elementary school serving in Preschool thought 6th grade and is a campus of the Tennessee Schools for the Deaf. It is an agency of the Division of Special Schools of the Tennessee State Department of Education. It is located in Jackson, Tennessee.

As of 2005 the school has about 60 students, who originate from West Tennessee.

Tennessee School for the Deaf
The Tennessee Schools for the Deaf (TSD) is a state-operated residential and day school for deaf and hard-of-hearing students who reside in the state of Tennessee ranging from pre-kindergarten to grade 12 and also includes a Comprehensive Adult Program. The main campus is located in Knoxville, Tennessee within the historic Island Home Park neighborhood. There are two additional campuses serving elementary students in Nashville and Jackson.
Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Uthman
Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn ʿUthmān ibn Saʿīd al-ʿAmrī al-Asadī (Arabic: أبو جعفر محمد بن عثمان بن سعيد العمري الأسدي) was the second of the Four Deputies, who are believed by Twelver Shia Muslims to have successively represented their twelfth Imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi, during his Minor Occultation (874–941 CE). Abu Ja'far in this role succeeded his father, Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Asadi, the first deputy. After some forty years in office, Abu Ja'far died in 304 or 305 AH (917 or 918 CE) and was succeeded by Ibn Ruh al-Nawbakhti, the third deputy. Abu Ja'far has been credited with the unification of the mainstream Shia.

Uthman ibn Sa'id al-Asadi
ʿUthmān ibn Saʿīd alʾAsadī al-ʿAmrī (Arabic: عثمان بن سعيد الأسدي العمري) was the first of the Four Deputies, whom Twelver Shia Muslims believe have successively represented their twelfth Imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi, during his Minor Occultation (874–941 CE). Uthman is also said to have been a trusted representative (wakīl or safīr or bāb) of the tenth and eleventh Imams Ali al-Hadi (835–868) and Hasan al-Askari (868–874) respectively. The date of his death is not certain, but most Shia scholars agree that it was in 880-81.
Four-Coalition
The Four-Coalition (Czech: Čtyřkoalice), also translated as the Coalition of Four or Quad-Coalition, abbreviated to 4K, was a liberal centre-right political alliance in the Czech Republic between 1998 and 2002.

The four member parties were:

Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party (KDU–ČSL), an established, large Christian democratic party

Freedom Union (US), a new, large conservative liberal party that split from the Civic Democrats

Democratic Union (DEU), an established, small liberal party

Civic Democratic Alliance (ODA), an established, small liberal conservative party

Freedom Union – Democratic Union
The Freedom Union–Democratic Union (Czech: Unie Svobody–Demokratická unie, US–DEU) was a small pro-European liberal political party in the Czech Republic from 1998 to 2011.

The Freedom Union was founded in January 1998 by former members of the Civic Democratic Party who were unhappy with the leadership of Václav Klaus. After initially serving in a caretaker government, Freedom Union went into opposition after the 1998 election. In opposition, Freedom Union merged with the Democratic Union, and formed an alliance with the Christian Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party (KDU-ČSL).

From 2002 to 2006 Freedom Union was part of a coalition government with the Social Democratic Party and KDU-ČSL. However, in government the party lost support and at the 2006 election the party won less than 1% of the vote and failed to win any seats. The party disbanded on 1 January 2011.
Pisiform bone
The pisiform bone (/ˈpaɪsɪfɔːrm/ or /ˈpɪzɪfɔːrm/), also spelled pisiforme (from the Latin pisiformis, pea-shaped), is a small knobbly, sesamoid bone that is found in the wrist. It forms the ulnar border of the carpal tunnel.

Sesamoid bone
In anatomy, a sesamoid bone (/ˈsɛsəmɔɪd/) is a bone embedded within a tendon or a muscle. Its name is derived from the Greek word for 'sesame seed', indicating the small size of most sesamoids. Often, these bones form in response to strain, or can be present as a normal variant. The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. Sesamoids act like pulleys, providing a smooth surface for tendons to slide over, increasing the tendon's ability to transmit muscular forces.
Lake Joseph
Lake Joseph is located in Seguin Township, Ontario. Cottage development in the Muskoka region began on the northern islands of Lake Joseph in the 1870's but quickly spread to other sections of all three of the larger Muskoka lakes. Lake Joseph is connected to Lake Rosseau through the narrows at Port Sandfield and the Joseph River. William Robinson, a member of the House of Assembly for Upper Canada (1830-1840) and later Commissioner of Public Works named Lake Joseph and neighbouring Lake Rosseau after his friend Joseph Rousseau, the father of a fur trader in the area.

Lake Rosseau
Lake Rosseau is located in Ontario, Canada, about 200 km (120 mi) north of Toronto. The south end of the lake is in the Township of Muskoka Lakes, and the north end is in Seguin Township.  The lake is surrounded by many cottages, some dating back to the late 19th century.

The village of Rosseau is located at the northern tip of Lake Rosseau and is the location of one of the original Ontario summer resorts which brought exposure to the area. Pratts Point and Rosseau House were well known and although the hotel was destroyed long ago, the vista and scenery remain. Windermere House is a resort located at Lake Rosseau.
Anne Russell, Countess of Bedford
Anne Russell, Countess of Bedford (9 December 1615 – 10 May 1684), formerly Lady Anne Carr, was a wealthy English noblewoman, and the wife of William Russell, 5th Earl of Bedford, a peer and soldier during the English Civil War, who after her death was created Duke of Bedford. Her mother was Frances Howard. In about 1638, Anne was the subject of at least two portraits by Flemish painter Anthony van Dyck.

Frances Carr, Countess of Somerset
Frances Carr, Countess of Somerset (31 May 1590 – 23 August 1632), was an English noblewoman who was the central figure in a famous scandal and murder during the reign of King James I. She was found guilty but spared execution, and was eventually pardoned by the King and released from the Tower of London in early 1622.
William Booth
William Booth (10 April 1829 – 20 August 1912) was an English Methodist preacher who, along with his wife, Catherine, founded the Salvation Army and became its first General (1878–1912). This Christian movement, founded in 1865, has a quasi-military structure and government and has spread from London to many parts of the world. It is one of the largest distributors of humanitarian aid.

Catherine Booth
Catherine Booth (née Mumford, 17 January 1829 – 4 October 1890) was co-founder of The Salvation Army, along with her husband William Booth. Because of her influence in the formation of The Salvation Army she was known as the 'Mother of The Salvation Army'.
William Backhouse Astor Jr.
William Backhouse Astor Jr. (July 12, 1829 – April 25, 1892) was an American businessman, racehorse owner/breeder, and yachtsman who was a member of the prominent Astor family.  His wife, Caroline Schermerhorn Astor, served as the leader of New York society's "Four Hundred" during the Gilded Age.

Caroline Schermerhorn Astor
Caroline Webster "Lina" Schermerhorn Astor (September 22, 1830 – October 30, 1908) was an American socialite who led the Four Hundred, high society of New York City in the Gilded Age. Referred to later in life as "the Mrs. Astor" or simply "Mrs. Astor", she was the wife of yachtsman William Backhouse Astor Jr. They had five children, including Colonel John Jacob Astor IV, who perished on the RMS Titanic. Through her marriage, she was a member of the Astor family and matriarch of the American Astors.
Stevie Young
Stephen Crawford Young Jr. (born 11 December 1956) is a musician and the rhythm guitarist and backing vocalist for the Australian rock band AC/DC. He joined the band in April 2014, to record the group's Rock or Bust album, but was not announced as an official member of the band until September of that year. He replaced his uncle, Malcolm Young, who retired due to dementia. He had previously filled in for Malcolm on AC/DC's 1988 US tour.

Malcolm Young
Malcolm Mitchell Young (6 January 1953 – 18 November 2017) was an Australian musician who was a founding member of the hard rock band AC/DC. Young was a rhythm guitarist, songwriter, and backing vocalist in the band. Except for a brief absence in 1988, Young was a member of AC/DC from its formation in 1973 until his retirement in 2014. As a member of AC/DC, Young was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2003. In 2023, Rolling Stone named Young and his younger brother and fellow AC/DC member Angus Young the 38th-best guitarists of all time.
Greta Neubauer
Gretchen Stephens "Greta" Neubauer (/ˈnuːbaʊər/ NOO-bow-ər; born September 13, 1991) is an American Democratic politician from Racine, Wisconsin.  She is the minority leader in the Wisconsin State Assembly, since January 2022, and has been a member of the Assembly since 2018, representing Wisconsin's 66th Assembly district.

Neubauer's mother, Lisa Neubauer, is a judge of the Wisconsin Court of Appeals.  Her father, Jeffrey A. Neubauer, is a former chairman of the Democratic Party of Wisconsin, and former member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

Jeffrey A. Neubauer
Jeffrey A. Neubauer (born December 8, 1955) is an American businessman and politician from Racine, Wisconsin.  He served as chairman of the Democratic Party of Wisconsin from 1989 to 1993, and represented Racine County for four terms in the Wisconsin State Assembly (1981–1989).

Neubauer's wife, Lisa Neubauer, is a judge of the Wisconsin Court of Appeals.  Their daughter, Greta Neubauer, is a current member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, and the Democratic minority leader.
Elizabeth Butler, Duchess of Ormond
Elizabeth Butler, Duchess of Ormond and 2nd Baroness Dingwall (née Preston; 25 July 1615 – 21 July 1684) reunited the Ormond estate as her maternal grandfather, Black Tom, 10th Earl of Ormond had it, by marrying James Butler, later Duke of Ormond, her second cousin once removed. She had inherited her share of the Ormond estate through her mother, Elizabeth Preston, who was Black Tom's daughter and only surviving child. Her husband had inherited his share from his grandfather Walter Butler, 11th Earl of Ormond, Black Tom's successor in the earldom. Her share was the bigger one and included Kilkenny Castle.

Thomas Butler, 10th Earl of Ormond
Thomas Butler, 10th Earl of Ormond and 3rd Earl of Ossory KG PC (Ire) (Irish: Tomás Dubh de Buitléir, Iarla Urmhamhan; c. 1531 – 1614), was an influential courtier in London at the court of Elizabeth I. He was Lord Treasurer of Ireland from 1559 to his death. He fought for the crown in the Rough Wooing, the Desmond Rebellions, and Tyrone's Rebellion. He fought his rival, Gerald FitzGerald, 14th Earl of Desmond in the Battle of Affane in 1565.
Soyuz T-9
Soyuz T-9 (Russian: Союз Т-9, Union T-9) was the 4th expedition to Salyut 7 following the failed docking of Soyuz T-8. It returned lab experiments to Earth. The next mission, Soyuz 7K-ST No.16L (Soyuz 10a), had exploded and thus failed to launch.

Soyuz T-9 achieved successful docking with the station, although the mission was bracketed by the failed attempt of Soyuz T-8 and the launch pad abort of Soyuz T-10 which would follow immediately.

Soyuz 7K-ST No.16L
Soyuz 7K-ST No.16L, sometimes known as Soyuz T-10a or Soyuz T-10-1, was an unsuccessful Soyuz mission intended to visit the Salyut 7 space station, which was occupied by the Soyuz T-9 crew. However, it never finished its launch countdown; the launch vehicle was destroyed on the launch pad by fire on 26 September 1983. The launch escape system of the Soyuz spacecraft fired six seconds before the launch vehicle exploded, saving the crew. This is the only time a launch escape system has been fired before launch with a crew aboard.

The Soyuz T-10-1 explosion would also remain the only instance of a Russian crewed booster accident in 35 years, until the Soyuz MS-10 flight aborted shortly after launch on 11 October 2018 due to a failure of the Soyuz-FG launch vehicle boosters.
USCGC Polar Sea
USCGC Polar Sea (WAGB-11) is a United States Coast Guard heavy icebreaker.  Commissioned on 23 February 1978, the ship was built by Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Company of Seattle along with her sister ship, Polar Star (WAGB-10). Her home port is Seattle, Washington.

Polar Sea has been out of service as of 2010 due to failure of five of her six Alco main diesel engines. Between 2010 and 2023, Polar Sea has been used as a parts donor for sister ship Polar Star. In 2024, the ship was towed to and placed in mothball status in Suisun Bay, California.

USCGC Polar Star
USCGC Polar Star (WAGB-10) is a United States Coast Guard heavy icebreaker. Commissioned in 1976, the ship was built by Lockheed Shipbuilding and Construction Company of Seattle, Washington, along with sister ship, USCGC Polar Sea.

Homeported in Seattle, Polar Star operates under the control of Coast Guard Pacific Area and coordinates her operations through the Ice Operations Section of the United States Coast Guard. After Polar Sea was deactivated in 2010, Polar Star became the US's only heavy icebreaker. The Coast Guard's only other icebreaker, USCGC Healy, despite being classified as a "medium icebreaker", is larger than Polar Star (16,000 long tons versus 13,623 long tons, respectively), but needs assistance from a heavy icebreaker like Polar Star to operate in the Antarctic.

Replacement ships for what is called the Polar Security Cutter program have been ordered for a new generation of USCG icebreakers.
Tistory
Tistory is a South Korean blog-hosting service that allows private or multi-user blogs.

Tistory was first started by 'Tatter and Company', a blogging software development company that created the software 'Tattertools' with the partnership of Daum Communications, a major web portal in South Korea in 2006.
In July 2007, ownership was transferred to Daum.

Daum (web portal)
Daum (Korean: 다음) is a South Korean web portal. Daum was founded in 1995 and launched on December 20th, 1995 by the company Daum Communications.  It also offers a variety of services, including cloud storage (Daum Cloud), Daum Dictionary (for mobile devices), Daum Comics, and map service (Daum Maps).

Daum Kakao is the company behind the Kakao messaging service and Daum is a Korean web portal with many services.
Socialist Academy of Social Sciences
The Socialist Academy of Social Sciences (SAON) was an educational establishment created in Russia in October 1918 with "the aim of studying and teaching social studies from the point of view of scientific socialism." The original name of the academy was chosen over the proposal to call it the "Communist Academy", owing to objections raised by Left Socialist-Revolutionaries. They had supported the Bolshevik seizure of power in November 1917, but had withdrawn that support in March 1918. Nevertheless, they continued their involvement in such institutions as the Socialist Academy at this time.

On 17 April 1924, the Academy was transformed into the Communist Academy.

Communist Academy
The Communist Academy (Russian: Коммунистическая академия, transliterated Kommunisticheskaya akademiya) was a higher educational establishment and research institute based in Moscow. It included scientific institutes of philosophy, history, literature, art and language, Soviet construction and law, world economy and world politics, economics, agrarian research, as well as institutes of natural and social science. It was intended to allow Marxists to research problems independent of, and implicitly in rivalry with, the Academy of Sciences which long pre-existed the October Revolution and the subsequent formation of the Soviet Union.
Logistics Vehicle System Replacement
The Logistic Vehicle System Replacement (LVSR) is a family of heavy-duty military logistics  vehicles of the United States Marine Corps (USMC) based on a common 5-axle ten-wheel drive (10x10) chassis. The vehicles vary in individual configuration by mission requirements, with three variants in service: a cargo, a wrecker and a tractor truck. The LVSR was designed and is manufactured by Oshkosh Defense.

The first LVSRs were ordered in 2006. The LVSR is the USMC's equivalent of the U.S. Army’s Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) and Palletized Load System (PLS). The Marines do not use the HEMTT or PLS and the Army does not use the LVSR, but both services use a common trailer (M1076) with all three truck types.

Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck
The Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) is an eight-wheel drive, diesel-powered, 10-short-ton (9,100 kg) tactical truck. The M977 HEMTT entered service in 1982 with the United States Army as a replacement for the M520 Goer, and has remained in production for the U.S. Army and other nations. By Q2 2021, around 35,800 HEMTTs in various configurations had been produced by Oshkosh Defense through new-build contracts and around 14,000 of them had been re-manufactured. Latest variants have the A4 suffix.

The 10×10 Logistic Vehicle System Replacement (LVSR) is the United States Marines Corps'  (USMC) equivalent to the U.S. Army's 8×8 HEMTT and 10×10 Palletized Load System (PLS). The USMC does not use the HEMTT or PLS, and the Army does not use the LVSR, but both services use a common trailer (M1076) with all three truck types.
The Love for Three Oranges (fairy tale)
"The Love for the Three Oranges" or "The Three Citrons" (Neapolitan: Le Tre Cetre) is an Italian literary fairy tale written by Giambattista Basile in the Pentamerone in the 17th century.  It is the concluding tale, and the one the heroine of the frame story uses to reveal that an imposter has taken her place.

The literary tale by Basile is considered to be the oldest attestation of tale type ATU 408, "The Three Oranges", of the international Aarne-Thompson-Uther Index. Variants are recorded from oral tradition among European Mediterranean countries, in the Middle East and Turkey, as well as across Iran and India.

False hero
The false hero is a stock character in fairy tales, and sometimes also in ballads. The character appears near the end of a story in order to claim to be the hero or heroine and is usually of the same sex as the hero or heroine. The false hero presents some claim to the position. By testing, it is revealed that the claims are false, and the hero's true. The false hero is usually punished, and the true hero takes their place.

Vladimir Propp identified it as one of the seven roles he found in an analysis of Russian folktales, but the figure is widely found in many nations' tales.
Witting polytope
In 4-dimensional complex geometry, the Witting polytope is a regular complex polytope, named as: 3{3}3{3}3{3}3, and Coxeter diagram . It has 240 vertices, 2160 3{} edges, 2160 3{3}3 faces, and 240 3{3}3{3}3 cells. It is self-dual. Each vertex belongs to 27 edges, 72 faces, and 27 cells, corresponding to the Hessian polyhedron vertex figure.

Hessian polyhedron
In geometry, the Hessian polyhedron is a regular complex polyhedron 3{3}3{3}3, , in .  It has 27 vertices, 72 3{} edges, and 27 3{3}3 faces. It is self-dual.

Coxeter named it after Ludwig Otto Hesse for sharing the Hessian configuration  or (94123), 9 points  lying by threes on twelve lines, with four lines through each point.

Its complex reflection group is 3[3]3[3]3 or , order 648, also called a Hessian group. It has 27 copies of , order 24, at each vertex. It has 24 order-3 reflections. Its Coxeter number is 12, with degrees of the fundamental invariants 3, 6, and 12, which can be seen in projective symmetry of the polytopes.

The Witting polytope, 3{3}3{3}3{3}3,  contains the Hessian polyhedron as cells and vertex figures.

It has a real representation as the 221 polytope, , in 6-dimensional space, sharing the same 27 vertices. The 216 edges in 221 can be seen as the 72 3{} edges represented as 3 simple edges.
World War Hulk
"World War Hulk" is a comic book crossover storyline that ran through a self-titled limited series and various titles published by Marvel Comics in 2007, featuring the Hulk.

The series consists of five main issues titled World War Hulk, with Greg Pak as writer and John Romita Jr. as penciller, and three other limited series: World War Hulk: Front Line, World War Hulk: Gamma Corps, and World War Hulk: X-Men. It also ran through several other Marvel comics series.

The plot is the culmination of a series of events that began with the Hulk being tricked into space by the Illuminati and a Life Model Decoy of Nick Fury. Planet Hulk shows the Hulk's subsequent exile and his imminent return to Earth to seek revenge on the Illuminati.

Planet Hulk
"Planet Hulk" is a Marvel Comics storyline that ran primarily through issues of The Incredible Hulk starting in 2006. Written by Greg Pak, it dealt with the Marvel heroes' decision to send the Hulk away, his acclimation to and conquest of the planet where he landed, Sakaar, and his efforts to return to Earth to take his revenge.

There was also a special Planet Hulk: Gladiator Guidebook publication by Anthony Flamini and the storyline's main writer Greg Pak, similar to the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe detailing the characters, races and cultures within the storyline.

Elements from the storyline have been adapted into other media, including an animated film of the same name, as well as the live action film Thor: Ragnarok.