hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yellow-throated honeyeater
The yellow-throated honeyeater (Nesoptilotis flavicollis) is a species of passerine bird in the honeyeater family Meliphagidae. It is similar in behaviour and appearance to the white-eared honeyeater and is endemic to Australia's island state of Tasmania. It was formerly considered a pest of orchards.

White-eared honeyeater
The white-eared honeyeater (Nesoptilotis leucotis) is a medium-sized honeyeater found in Australia. It is a member of the family Meliphagidae (honeyeaters and Australian chats) which has 190 recognised species with about half of them found in Australia. This makes them members of the most diverse family of birds in Australia. White-eared honeyeaters are easily identifiable by their olive-green body, black head and white ear-patch.
History of Victoria Peak
Hong Kong's Peak District was original named the "Hill District". It included Mount Austin (with Victoria Peak), Mount Gough, Mount Kellett and the area around Magazine Gap. Many homes were for summer use only, to escape the heat of Central, and were referred to as "bungalows". Over time, they were given names, especially when the bungalows were rebuilt in brick or stone as substantial mansions, allowing them to better withstand the damage from typhoons.

The accessible land on the Peak was first divided by Government into plots called Farm Lots (FL). Later, Rural Building Lots (RBL) were introduced. All lots were numbered in the order they were made available to the public. By this we can see how The Peak developed.

Peak District Reservation Ordinance 1904
The Peak District Reservation Ordinance 1904, originally enacted as the Hill District Reservation Ordinance, is commonly called the Peak Reservation Ordinance and was a zoning law that reserved most of the Victoria Peak as a place of residence to non-Chinese people except with the consent of the Governor-in-Council. The law was in force from 1904 to 1930 where the deadly Third Pandemic of Bubonic plague took place in China, causing 100,000 deaths, and enormous numbers of Chinese people migrated into Hong Kong, causing the 1894 Hong Kong plague. Contemporary historians’ views toward the Ordinance vary, with some attributing the Ordinance to health segregation, whereas others attribute it to social status segregation. The debate on the second reading of the Bill is recorded in the Hong Kong Hansard, which shows that the two Chinese members, Ho Kai and Wei Yuk, did not oppose the Bill but a minority of the "leading Chinese" in the community were against it.
Berlin Wall Monument (Chicago)
The Berlin Wall Monument in Chicago is an exhibit on display at the Western Brown Line CTA station.  Located in the Lincoln Square, Chicago neighborhood, an historically German-American enclave, the monument contains a large segment of the Berlin Wall and a plaque describing its dedication to the city. The Berlin Wall represented one of the great political, economic, and ideological divides of the twentieth century between two major powers: the United States and the Soviet Union.

Western station (CTA Brown Line)
Western is an 'L' station on the CTA's Brown Line. It is an elevated station with two side platforms, located in the Lincoln Square neighborhood. The adjacent stations are Rockwell, which is located about one-quarter mile (0.40 km) to the west, and Damen, about one-half mile (0.80 km) to the east. Between Western and Rockwell the line descends and runs on ground level tracks for the rest of the route to Kimball.
Ibn Shirzad
Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn Zakariyya ibn Shirzad (died after 946), commonly known as Ibn Shirzad (Arabic: ابن شيرزاد), was an official of the Abbasid Caliphate, serving various warlords during the Caliphate's dissolution in the 940s, and himself briefly ascending to the supreme office of amir al-umara in 945.

Amir al-umara
The office of amir al-umara (Arabic: أمير الأمراء, romanized: amīr al-umarāʾ), variously rendered in English as emir of emirs, prince of princes, chief emir, and commander of commanders, was a senior military position in the 10th-century Abbasid Caliphate, whose holders in the decade after 936 came to supersede the civilian bureaucracy under the vizier and become effective regents, relegating the Abbasid caliphs to a purely ceremonial role. The office then formed the basis for the Buyid control over the Abbasid caliphs and over Iraq until the mid-11th century.

The title continued in use by Muslim states in the Middle East, but was mostly restricted to senior military leaders. It was also used in Norman Sicily for a few of the king's chief ministers.
Dennis Uy
Dennis Ang Uy (Chinese: 黃書賢; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: N̂g Chu-hiân; pinyin: Huáng Shūxián; born September 26, 1973) is a Filipino businessman and diplomat. Uy is the founder of Udenna Corporation, which has stakes in various businesses including Phoenix Petroleum.

Udenna Corporation
Udenna Corporation operates as a holding company. The Company distributes and retails petroleum products and lubricants, engages in shipping and logistics services, operates in property development, education, food, gaming, tourism, infrastructure and telecommunications sectors in Philippines.
Girlfriend from Hell
Girlfriend From Hell is a 1989 American comedy horror film that was written and directed by Daniel M. Peterson. The film had its world premiere on April 24, 1989 at the Houston Film Festival and was released to video in August of the following year. It starred Dana Ashbrook and Liane Curtis, and follows a young high school girl who is possessed by the Devil in order to steal souls.

Liane Curtis
Liane Alexandra Curtis (born July 11, 1965) is an American film and television actress and musician, known for her appearances in B movies, such as Critters 2: The Main Course (1988) and Girlfriend from Hell (1989), as well as smaller roles in films such as Sixteen Candles (1984).
Lou Gramm
Louis Andrew Grammatico (born May 2, 1950), known professionally as Lou Gramm, is an American singer and songwriter. He is best known as co-founder and original frontman of the rock band Foreigner from 1976 to 1990 and again from 1992 to 2003, during which time the band had numerous successful albums and singles.

Gramm is considered among the greatest and most successful rock vocalists of his generation. He co-wrote most of Foreigner's hits with bandmate Mick Jones. Together, they are inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame class of 2013. In 2024, Gramm was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Foreigner.

Mick Jones (Foreigner guitarist)
Michael Leslie Jones (born 27 December 1944) is an English musician, songwriter and record producer, best known as the founder, leader and only continuous original member of the British-American rock band Foreigner. Prior to Foreigner, he was in the band Spooky Tooth.
Maoist insurgency in Turkey
The Maoist insurgency in Turkey, referred by the Maoists as the People's War (Turkish: Halk savaşı), is an ongoing low-level insurgency in eastern Turkey between the Turkish government and Maoist rebels that began in the early 1970s. The insurgency declined in the late 1980s and 1990s and has been sidelined by the larger Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–2025). Low-level armed attacks continue to be carried out by Maoist insurgent groups, the most significant of which are the Liberation Army of the Workers and Peasants of Turkey (TİKKO) (the armed wing of the Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist) and the People's Liberation Army (HKO) and People's Partisan Forces (PHG), both armed wings of the Maoist Communist Party.

Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)
Political violence in Turkey became a serious problem in the late 1970s and was even described as a "low-level civil war". Far-left groups and Turkish right-wing ultranationalist gangs, sometimes allied with the state, were responsible for most of the violence. Ultimately, over 5,000 people died in the conflict. The violence lessened for a while after the 1980 Turkish coup d'état, and was later overshadowed by the PKK insurgency in 1984 and the revival of the Maoist insurgency.
Green papaya salad
Green papaya salad is a spicy salad made from shredded unripe papaya. Known as tam som or tam mak hoong in Laos, the dish is characterized by its bold flavors, combining sour, spicy, salty, and slightly sweet elements. It is believed to have been created by the Lao people and is considered one of the national dishes of Laos.

The dish is also popular in neighboring Thailand, particularly in the Isan region, where the population is predominantly ethnic Lao. From Isan, green papaya salad, known in Thai as som tam, spread throughout Thailand and became a staple of Thai cuisine. Beyond Laos and Thailand, green papaya salad has also gained popularity across continental Southeast Asia, including Cambodia, Myanmar, and Vietnam.

Papaya
The papaya (/pəˈpaɪə/, US: /pəˈpɑːjə/), papaw, (/pəˈpɔː/) or pawpaw (/ˈpɔːpɔː/) is the plant species Carica papaya, one of the 21 accepted species in the genus Carica of the family Caricaceae. Papaya is also the name of its fruit. It was first domesticated in Mesoamerica, within modern-day southern Mexico and Central America. It is grown in several countries in regions with a tropical climate. In 2024, India was the leading producer, accounting for 36% of the world total.
Sennar
Sennar (Arabic: سنار Sannār) is a city on the Blue Nile in Sudan and possibly the capital of the state of Sennar. For several centuries it was the capital of the Funj Kingdom of Sennar and until at least 2011, Sennar was the capital of Sennar State.

Funj Sultanate
The Funj Sultanate, also known as Funjistan, Sultanate of Sennar after its capital of Sennar, or Blue Sultanate was a kingdom in what is now Sudan, northwestern Eritrea and western Ethiopia. Founded in 1504 by the Funj people, it quickly converted to Islam, although this conversion was only nominal. Until a more orthodox form of Islam took hold in the 18th century, the state remained an "African empire with a Muslim façade", coming to rule over an ethnically diverse population.

At its greatest extent the polity extended from the Third Cataract southwards to the Ethiopian Highlands and Sobat River, east to the Red Sea, and west to Kordofan and the Nuba Mountains. It reached its peak in the late 17th century, but declined and eventually fell apart in the 18th and 19th centuries. In 1821, the last sultan, greatly reduced in power, surrendered to the Turco-Egyptian conquest without resistance.
Parvathipuram Manyam district
Parvathipuram Manyam district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. With Parvathipuram as its administrative headquarters, it became functional from 4 April 2022. The district was formed from Parvathipuram revenue division from Vizianagaram district and part of Palakonda revenue division of Srikakulam district. The district was once part of ancient Kalinga. The famous Kamalingeswara swamy temple was built in the regin of King Rajaraja Deva of Eastern Ganga Dynasty of Odisha in 11th century CE.

Srikakulam district
Srikakulam district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, located in the Uttarandhra region of the state, with its headquarters located at Srikakulam. It is one of the six districts, located in the extreme northeastern direction of the state. It was formerly known as Chicacole, and was under Ganjam district till 1 April 1936, then merged under Vizagapatam district. Srikakulam district forms the core area of Kalinga where most of its historical capitals like Kalinganagari, pithunda, Dantapuram are located.
John Dodson Daintree
Captain John Dodson Daintree, CBE (2 January 1864 – 21 September 1952) was a British Royal Navy officer, who served as Commissioner of Weihaiwei from 1901 to 1902, and as Inspector-General of the Coast Guard service after its formation in 1923.

British Weihaiwei
Weihaiwei or Wei-hai-wei, on the northeastern coast of China, was a leased territory of the United Kingdom from 1898 until 1930. The capital was Port Edward (Huancui District, Weihai). The leased territory covered 288 square miles (750 km2) and included the walled city of Weihaiwei, Port Edward just to the north, Weihaiwei Bay, Liu-kung Island and a mainland area of 72 miles (116 km) of coastline running to a depth of 10 miles (16 km) inland, an area roughly coterminous with the Huancui District of modern Weihai City. Together with Lüshunkou (Port Arthur) it controlled the entrance to the Bohai Sea and, thus, the seaward approaches to Beijing.
Patos (municipality)
Patos (Albanian definite form: Patosi) is a town and a municipality in the County of Fier, Albania. The municipality was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Patos, Ruzhdie and Zharrëz, which became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town of Patos. The municipality's population is 18,227 as of the 2011 census, in a total area of 82.59 km2. It is the center of the oil industry in Albania, and is 7 kilometers southeast of the city of Fier.

Zharrëz
Zharrëz is a village and a former municipality in the Fier County, southwestern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Patos. In February 2017, in Zharrez there was a hunger strike, Because the houses of residents were destroyed and they wanted payment. The strike was closed by Niko Peleshi. The population at the 2011 census was 5,236.
Mississippi Highway 30
Mississippi Highway 30 (MS 30) is an American state highway that runs across the North Central Hills of the Appalachian Mountains in northeast Mississippi. It travels east–west for 91.1 miles (146.6 km) from MS 7 at Oxford, Mississippi to the Natchez Trace Parkway in Mingo near the Alabama state line.

Oxford, Mississippi
Oxford is the 14th most populous city in Mississippi, United States, and the county seat of Lafayette County, 75 miles (121 km) southeast of Memphis. A college town, Oxford surrounds the University of Mississippi or "Ole Miss". Founded in 1837, the city is named after Oxford, England.

Purchasing the land from a Chickasaw, pioneers founded Oxford in 1837. In 1841, the Mississippi State Legislature selected it as the site of the state's first university, Ole Miss. Oxford is also the hometown of Nobel Prize-winning novelist William Faulkner, and served as the inspiration for his fictional Jefferson in Yoknapatawpha County. Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, who served as a US Supreme Court Justice and Secretary of the Interior, also lived and is buried in Oxford.

At the 2020 US Census, the population was 25,416.
Shell jacket
A shell jacket is a garment used as part of a military uniform. It is a short jacket that reaches down to hip level. It was very common in the mid and late 19th century. The jacket was first created in Austria.

Eisenhower jacket
The Eisenhower jacket or "Ike" jacket, officially known as the M-1944 Jacket, Field, Wool, Olive Drab, is a type of waist-length jacket developed for the U.S. Army during the later stages of World War II and named after Dwight D. Eisenhower. Intended to be worn on its own or as an insulating layer beneath the M-1943 Field Jacket and over the standard wool flannel shirt and wool sweater, it featured a pleated back, adjustable waist band, fly-front buttons, bellows chest pockets, slash side pockets, and shoulder straps.
The Bidwell Bean Thresher Company
The Bidwell Bean Thresher Company was a manufacturer of bean threshing machines used to harvest edible beans. The company was founded by Charles H. Bidwell (born September 10, 1848) of Albion, New York, who, at the age of 10 had already made a small bean thresher. He eventually perfected and patented the design and manufactured, on a small scale, what proved to be the only practical bean thresher in existence at the time. In 1888 he moved from Albion to Medina, New York, where, in 1891, he named his business "The Bidwell Bean Thresher Company". He started the business with a capital stock of $20,000, the balance of which he purchased in 1893, making him the sole proprietor.

Bean harvester
A bean harvester, also known as a bean thresher or bean combine, is a threshing machine which is used to harvest beans. It mainly consists of a pickup, several beaters and shakers, elevators, conveyor belts, one or more fans, a storage bin, and a spreader at the rear. Until recently, the only practical manufacturer of bean harvesters was The Bidwell Bean Thresher Company, who have faced little to no competition due to their manufacturing being highly specialized.
North Carolina Maritime Museum
The North Carolina Maritime Museum is a system of regional museums within the North Carolina Museum of History, which in turn part of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources. There are several branches of the Maritime Museum located in Beaufort, Southport and Hatteras.

Beaufort, North Carolina
Beaufort (/ˈboʊfərt/ BOH-fərt) is a town in and the county seat of Carteret County, North Carolina, United States. Founded in 1709, Established in 1713 and incorporated in 1723, Beaufort is the third oldest town in North Carolina (after Bath, New Bern). The population was 4,464 at the 2020 census.

Beaufort is located in North Carolina's "Inner Banks" region. The town is home to the North Carolina Maritime Museum, the Duke University Marine Laboratory (Nicholas School of the Environment), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research. It is also the location of the Rachel Carson Reserve, part of the N.C. Coastal Reserve and National Estuarine Research Reserve system. It is sometimes confused with a city of the same name in South Carolina; the two are distinguished by different pronunciations.
Nathalia Football Club
The Nathalia Football Netball Club, nicknamed the Purples, is an Australian rules football and netball club based in the town of Nathalia located in north east Victoria. The club 
currently compete in the Murray League, which Nathalia joined in 1931.

Murray Football Netball League
The Murray Football Netball League is an Australian rules football and netball league affiliated with the Victorian Country Football League. The league covers a large area of northern Victoria and southern New South Wales from Shepparton in the south to Deniliquin in the north. It covers much the same area as the Picola & District Football League but the teams tend to be based in the larger communities and towns.
Sophia (robot)
Sophia is a female-presenting social humanoid robot developed in 2016 by the Hong Kong–based company Hanson Robotics. Sophia was activated on 14 February 2016, and made its first public appearance in mid-March 2016 at South by Southwest (SXSW) in Austin, Texas, United States. Sophia was marketed as a "social robot" who can mimic social behaviour and induce feelings of love in humans.

Sophia has been covered by media around the globe, and has participated in many high-profile interviews. In October 2017 Sophia was granted Saudi Arabian citizenship, becoming the first robot to receive legal personhood in any country. In November 2017 Sophia was named the United Nations Development Programme's first Innovation Champion, and is the first non-human to be given a United Nations title.

Hanson Robotics
Hanson Robotics Limited is a Hong Kong–based engineering and robotics company founded in 2007 by robotics designer David Hanson. The company develops humanoid robots designed for research, demonstrations, and public engagement with artificial intelligence (AI), human–robot interaction, and expressive robotics. Its best-known robots include Sophia, BINA48, and Albert HUBO.

Hanson Robotics' robots commonly use a patented elastomer skin material called Frubber, designed to mimic the texture and flexibility of human skin. Beneath the skin, motor-driven mechanisms and proprietary control systems enable facial animation intended to reproduce human expressions.
G/G/1 queue
In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, the G/G/1 queue represents the queue length in a system with a single server where interarrival times have a general (meaning arbitrary) distribution and service times have a (different) general distribution. The evolution of the queue can be described by the Lindley equation.

The system is described in Kendall's notation where the G denotes a general distribution for both interarrival times and service times and the 1 that the model has a single server. Different interarrival and service times are considered to be independent, and sometimes the model is denoted GI/GI/1 to emphasise this. The numerical solution for the GI/G/1 can be obtained by discretizing the time.

Lindley equation
In probability theory, the Lindley equation, Lindley recursion or Lindley process is a discrete-time stochastic process An where n takes integer values and:

An + 1 = max(0, An + Bn).

Processes of this form can be used to describe the waiting time of customers in a queue or evolution of a queue length over time. The idea was first proposed in the discussion following Kendall's 1951 paper.
Dean Canto
Dean Justin Canto (born 24 September 1980) is a multiple-championship winning Australian motor racing driver. Best noted as a Supercars driver, Canto was the inaugural winner of the second-tier V8 Supercar development series in 2000, and the first to become a multiple-champion five years later. Canto has been a regular in the main Supercars Championship for a variety of teams racing both full-time and as a part-time endurance race co-driver.

Super2 Series
The Dunlop Super2 Series (formerly known as Dunlop Series, Fujitsu V8 Supercars Series, HPDC V8 Supercars Series, Konica Minolta V8 Supercars Series and Konica V8 Supercars/Lites Series) is an Australian touring car racing competition, specifically the second tier series for Supercars competitors. Competing vehicles are older than those utilised in the Supercars Championship series and are usually run by smaller teams with lower budgets.

The vast majority of drivers in the Supercars Championship have raced at least one season in the Super2 Series Championship.  For parts of its history, competing in the Super2 Series was required for most drivers to qualify for a Motorsport Australia Superlicence, which is required to compete in the Supercars Championship, or was enforced as a separate requirement by the Supercars Championship organisers.
Anna of Saxe-Wittenberg (died 1327)
Anna of Saxe-Wittenberg (died 22 November 1327) was a German noblewoman of the House of Ascania. By her marriage to Henry II, Lord of Mecklenburg, she served as the Lady of Mecklenburg during a period of significant territorial expansion for the House of Mecklenburg.

Henry II, Lord of Mecklenburg
Henry II, Lord of Mecklenburg, nicknamed the Lion (after 14 April 1266 – 21 January 1329 in Sternberg) was regent of Mecklenburg from 1287 to 1298, co-regent from 1298 to 1302 and ruled alone again from 1302 to 1329.
Hunan University
Hunan University (HNU; 湖南大学) is a national public university in Yuelu, Changsha, Hunan, China. It is affiliated with and funded by the Ministry of Education. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction. It is also a member in the BRICS Universities League.

Ministry of Education (China)
The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China is a constituent department of the State Council, responsible for basic education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational affairs throughout the country. The Ministry of Education acts as the predominant funder of national universities and colleges in China. The ministry also accredits tertiary institutions, degree curriculum, and school teachers of the country.

The Ministry of Education currently has 19 internal departments and bureaus. As of 2022, there were 75 colleges and universities affiliated with the Ministry of Education.