hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Invagination
Invagination is the process of a surface folding in on itself to form a cavity, pouch or tube. In developmental biology, invagination of epithelial sheets occurs in many contexts during embryonic development. Invagination is critical for making the primitive gut during gastrulation in many organisms, forming the neural tube in vertebrates, and in the morphogenesis of countless organs and sensory structures. Models of invagination that have been most thoroughly studied include the ventral furrow in Drosophila melanogaster, neural tube formation, and gastrulation in many marine organisms. The cellular mechanisms of invagination vary from one context to another but at their core they involve changing the mechanics of one side of a sheet of cells such that this pressure induces a bend in the tissue.

The term, originally used in embryology, has been adopted in other disciplines as well.

Gastrulation
Gastrulation is the stage in the early embryonic development of most animals, during which the blastula (a single-layered hollow sphere of cells), or in mammals, the blastocyst, is reorganized into a two-layered or three-layered embryo known as the gastrula. Before gastrulation, the embryo is a continuous epithelial sheet of cells; by the end of gastrulation, the embryo has begun differentiation to establish distinct cell lineages, set up the basic axes of the body (e.g. dorsal–ventral, anterior–posterior), and internalized one or more cell types, including the prospective gut.
Bezerk (album)
Bezerk is the second studio album by Welsh glam metal band Tigertailz. It was released on the Music for Nations record label  and is still the band's most successful and well known album, having reached the UK top 40 at number 36. It is the first album to feature new lead vocalist Kim Hooker. The album takes a strongly pop influenced approach to the genre, typical of Tigertailz's sound.

In 2006 Tigertailz released a new album called Bezerk 2.0 which featured similar album art to the original release.

To celebrate the albums 20th anniversary Tigertailz performed the entire album in 2013 at Fuel Rock Club, Cardiff.

Tigertailz
Tigertailz are a Welsh glam metal band from Cardiff. Their 1990 album Bezerk made the Top 40 on the UK Albums Chart and contained the hit singles "Love Bomb Baby" and "Heaven". The band reformed in 2005.
Brusio spiral viaduct
The Brusio spiral viaduct (or Brusio circular viaduct; Italian: Viadotto elicoidale di Brusio, German: Kreisviadukt Brusio) is a single-track nine-arched stone spiral railway viaduct on the Bernina Railway. It was opened on 1 July 1908.

A key structure of the World Heritage Site-listed Bernina Railway, it is located near Brusio, in the Canton of Graubünden, Switzerland, and was built to limit the railway's gradient at that location within its specified maximum of 7%. It is considered to be one of the architectural highlights of the Rhaetian Railway.

Spiral (railway)
A spiral (sometimes called a spiral loop or just loop) is a technique employed by railways to ascend steep hills.

A railway spiral rises on a steady curve until it has completed a loop, passing over itself as it gains height, allowing the railway to gain vertical elevation in a relatively short horizontal distance. It is an alternative to a zig-zag, and avoids the need for the trains to stop and reverse direction while ascending. If the train is longer than the length of each loop it may be possible to view it looping above itself.

The term "loop" is also often used for a railway that curves sharply and goes back on itself: if the railway crosses itself, then it forms a spiral or helix; otherwise, it forms the much more common horseshoe curve or bend.
Show-ha Shoten!
Show-ha Shoten! (Japanese: ショーハショーテン！, Hepburn: Shō-ha Shōten!) is a Japanese manga series written by Akinari Asakura and illustrated by Takeshi Obata. It follows high school students Azemichi Shijima and Taiyo Higashikata as they aim to become the best comedy duo in Japan. Show-ha Shoten! was serialized monthly in Shueisha's Jump Square magazine from October 2021 to August 2025, with the chapters collected into eleven tankōbon volumes as of September 2025. Viz Media has licensed the series for English release in North America.

Takeshi Obata
Takeshi Obata (小畑 健, Obata Takeshi; born February 11, 1969) is a Japanese manga artist that usually works as the illustrator in collaboration with a writer. He first gained international attention for Hikaru no Go (1999–2003) with Yumi Hotta, but is better known for Death Note (2003–2006) and Bakuman (2008–2012) with Tsugumi Ohba. Obata has mentored several well-known manga artists, including Nobuhiro Watsuki of Rurouni Kenshin fame, Black Cat creator Kentaro Yabuki, and Eyeshield 21 artist Yusuke Murata.
QoI
Qo inhibitors (QoI), or quinone outside inhibitors, are a group of fungicides used in agriculture. Some of these fungicides are among the most popular in the world. QoI are chemical compounds which act at the quinol outer binding site of the cytochrome bc1 complex.

Most QoI common names end in -strobin and so are often called strobs. QoI's are the resulting fusion of three fungicides families, the well-known family of strobilurins and two new families, represented by fenamidone and famoxadone. Some strobilurins are azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, and trifloxystrobin.

Azoxystrobin
Azoxystrobin is a broad spectrum systemic fungicide widely used in agriculture to protect crops from fungal diseases. It was first marketed in 1996 using the brand name Amistar and by 1999 it had been registered in 48 countries on more than 50 crops. In the year 2000 it was announced that it had been granted UK Millennium product status.
Rugby League European Championship
The Rugby League European Championship (formerly known as the European Cup and European Nations Cup) is a rugby league football tournament for European national teams that was first held in 1935.

Originally, the European Cup had three teams, with England, Wales and France each playing each other once. Unlike the Tri-Nations series, there was no final; the team finishing at the top of the group was deemed the winner. From 1949 to 1956, a fourth Other Nationalities team entered the European Cup.

In 2003 the tournament rights were acquired by the European Rugby League and saw an expansion of the tournament reflecting the then recent growth of the sport across Europe.

European Rugby League
The European Rugby League (ERL) (previously Rugby League European Federation (RLEF)) is the umbrella body for nations playing the sport of rugby league football across Europe. In the absence of other continental federations, ERL also controls rugby league in North America  the Middle East and Africa through its sub-branches Americas Rugby League and Middle East-Africa Rugby League.
407 Long Range Patrol Squadron
407 Long Range Patrol Squadron (abbreviated 407 LRP Sqn, formerly 407 Maritime Patrol Squadron) is a long range and maritime patrol squadron of the Royal Canadian Air Force. It is located at 19 Wing Comox, on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and operates the Lockheed CP-140 Aurora. The unit was formed during the Second World War, operating from British bases as maritime patrol and strike unit.

CFB Comox
Canadian Forces Base Comox (IATA: YQQ, ICAO: CYQQ), commonly referred to as CFB Comox or 19 Wing, is a Canadian Forces base on Vancouver Island in the Comox Valley, 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) north northeast of Comox, British Columbia. It is primarily operated as an air force base by the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) and is one of two bases in the country using the CP-140 Aurora anti-submarine / maritime patrol and surveillance aircraft, the other being CFB Greenwood. Its primary RCAF lodger unit is 19 Wing, commonly referred to as 19 Wing Comox.

CFB Comox's airfield is also used by civilian aircraft. The civilian passenger terminal building operations are called the Comox Valley Airport and are operated by the Comox Valley Airport Commission.

The airport is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada, can handle general aviation aircraft with up to 15 passengers, and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA).
Wujihoushizhudi
Wujihoushizhudi (Chinese: 烏稽侯尸逐鞮), born Ba, was the son of Huxie Shizhu Houdi. He succeeded his brother Wanshishizhudi in 124 AD and ruled until 128 AD. He was succeeded by his brother Xiuli.

At the time of Wuji's accession, the northern borders were troubled by Xianbei raids and one of his senior officers was killed in the fighting. Wuji received assistance from the Han dynasty in fending off the Xianbei, with his reign being marked by growing dependence on the Han. Southern Xiongnu once guarded the Chinese frontier, but now they were the ones who required aid.

Wuji died in 128 AD and was succeeded by his brother Xiuli.

Xiuli
Xiuli (休利), the Qute Ruoshi Zhujiu Chanyu (去特若尸逐就單于), was the son of Huxie Shizhu Houdi. He succeeded his brother Wujihoushizhudi in 128 AD and ruled until 142 AD.

In 140 AD, the Xiongnu chieftains Wusi, Cheniu, and Yiti rebelled. They raided across the north of the Ordos region and attacked Xiuli's capital at Meiji in Xihe Commandery. The Han general Ma Xu forced them back but they continued to plunder the countryside. The Han court was angry with the predicament and reprimanded Xiuliu for it. Xiuli committed suicide in 142 AD and Cheniu claimed the title of chanyu in late 142 AD.
Ulithian language
Ulithian is the language spoken on Ulithi Atoll and neighboring islands. Ulithian is one of the six official languages of the Federated States of Micronesia. There are some 3,000 speakers, although only 700 of these live on Ulithi Atoll.

In 2010, a Ulithian–English and English–Ulithian dictionary was published by Habele, a US-based charity. The authors' stated aim was to create a consistent and intuitive pattern of Roman alphabet spelling useful for both native Ulithian and native English speakers.

Habele
The Habele Outer Island Education Fund (or simply Habele) is a South Carolina–based charitable organization serving K-12 aged students in Micronesia. Habele's initial geographic focus was the so-called "Outer Islands" of Yap State as well as lagoon and outer islands in neighboring  Chuuk State in the Federated States of Micronesia. It now serves students of all backgrounds throughout the Freely Associated States.
Baron Folliott
Baron Folliott, of Ballyshannon in the County of Donegal, was a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created on 22 January 1620 for Henry Folliott. The Folliott family (also Folliot, Foliot, ffolliot, ffolliott, in origin a Norman name) held lands in Pirton, Worcestershire from the 14th century. The family seat until 1623 was Pirton Court, Pirton, Worcestershire, and later Blakesley Hall, Yardley (now Birmingham). The Irish branch of the family acquired substantial estates in County Donegal, Ireland, in the 17th century. The third Baron represented Ballyshannon in the Irish Parliament. The title became extinct on his death in 1716.

Henry Folliott, 1st Baron Folliott
Henry Folliott, 1st Baron Folliott (1568–1622) was an English soldier in the Irish army. He fought in the Nine Years' War and then in the suppression of O'Doherty's rebellion at the Siege of Tory Island.
Holi
Holi (IPA: ['hoːli:, hoːɭiː]) is a major Hindu festival celebrated as the Festival of Colours, Love and Spring.
It celebrates the eternal and divine love of the deities Radha and Krishna.
Additionally, the day signifies the triumph of good over evil, as it commemorates the victory of Vishnu as Narasimha over Hiranyakashipu. 
Holi originated and is predominantly celebrated in the Indian subcontinent, but has also spread to other regions of Asia and parts of the Western world through the Indian diaspora.

Holi also celebrates the arrival of spring in India, the end of winter, and the blossoming of love. It is also an invocation for a good spring harvest season. It lasts for a night and a day, starting on the evening of the Purnima (full moon day) falling on the Hindu calendar month of Phalguna, which falls around the middle of March in the Gregorian calendar.

Holika Dahan
Holika Dahan (Sanskrit: होलिका दहन, romanized: Holikā Dahana, lit. 'Burning of Holika'), rendered Holika Dahanam in Sanskrit or Chotti Holi, is a Hindu festival in which a bonfire is lit to celebrate the burning of the demoness, Holika This ritual is symbolic of victory of good over evil.  It precedes Holi, the festival of colours, which celebrates the spring season. According to legend, Holika was the sister of Hiranyakashipu, who acquired a boon that rendered her invulnerable to fire. She then attempted to kill her nephew, Prahlada, by placing him on her lap in a bonfire. However, she was immolated while Prahlada was saved from the fire.

In South India, this occasion is called Kama Dahanam, and is associated with the legend of Shiva burning Kamadeva to ashes with his third eye. Pantomimes of Kamadeva are performed on this occasion in rural Tamil Nadu, and his effigies are burnt.
Edward Delafield
Edward Delafield (May 7, 1794 – February 13, 1875) was an American physician, primarily known as an ophthalmologist, but also for his work in obstetrics and gynaecology. He was the co-founder (with John Kearney Rodgers) of the New York Eye Infirmary and the first president of the American Ophthalmological Society. From 1858 until his death he was the president of the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City. His son, Francis Delafield, also became a prominent physician.

Edward Delafield is buried at the Delafield Family Mausoleum

American Ophthalmological Society
The American Ophthalmological Society (AOS) is a medical society of ophthalmologists and the second oldest specialty medical society in the United States, after the New York Ophthalmological Society (founded on March 7, 1864). It was founded on June 7, 1864, by 18 physicians, including Henry Drury Noyes, Daniel Bennett St. John Roosa, and Edward Delafield (its first president and also one of the founders of the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary). The society is now based in San Francisco, California. As of 2019, there are approximately 360 active members.

Admission to membership in the society is via nomination from current members and  the submission of a scholarly thesis, which when approved are published in a peer-reviewed journal, The American Journal of Ophthalmology.

A collection of the society's papers are held at the National Library of Medicine.
Great Satraps' Revolt
The Great Satraps' Revolt, or the Revolts of the Satraps (c. 370-c.360 BCE), was a rebellion in the Achaemenid Empire of several satraps in western Anatolia against the authority of the Great King Artaxerxes II (r. 404-359/8). The Satraps who revolted were Datames, Ariobarzanes, Orontes, Autophradates, and Mausolus.  The timing of their revolts varied, as did the circumstances that induced them to rebel.  Though often portrayed as a general uprising, there was little coordination among them and at no time did they actually threaten Artaxerxes directly.  Their efforts were aimed at secession rather than a takeover of the Empire.

Satrap
A satrap (/ˈsætrəp/) was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Persian (Achaemenid) Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires. A satrapy is the territory governed by a satrap.

A satrap served as a viceroy to the king, though with considerable autonomy. The word came to suggest tyranny or ostentatious splendour, and its modern usage is a pejorative and refers to any subordinate or local ruler, usually with unfavourable connotations of corruption.
Rudy Reyes (actor)
Rodolfo "Rudy" Reyes (born December 3, 1971) is an American martial arts instructor, actor, and United States Marine Corps veteran. His role in the 2003 invasion of Iraq was detailed in the book Generation Kill by the journalist Evan Wright, and as an actor Reyes is best known for portraying himself in its 2008 HBO TV adaptation.

Generation Kill (miniseries)
Generation Kill is an American seven-part television miniseries produced for HBO that aired from July 13 to August 24, 2008. It is based on Evan Wright's 2004 book Generation Kill, about his experience as an embedded reporter with the US Marine Corps' 1st Reconnaissance Battalion during the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and was adapted for television by David Simon, Ed Burns, and Wright. The miniseries was directed by Susanna White and Simon Cellan Jones and produced by Andrea Calderwood. The ensemble cast includes Alexander Skarsgård as Sergeant Brad "Iceman" Colbert, Jon Huertas as Sergeant Tony "Poke" Espera, James Ransone as Corporal Josh Ray Person, and Lee Tergesen as Wright.
Arthur Cotton
General Sir Arthur Thomas Cotton KCSI (15 May 1803 – 24 July 1899) was a British army officer and irrigation engineer who worked in the Madras Presidency.

Cotton devoted his life to the construction of irrigation and navigation canals throughout British India. He helped many people by building the Dowleswaram Barrage (Rajahmundry), the Prakasam Barrage, and the Kurnool Cuddappah Canal (K. C. Canal). His dream was only partially realised, but he is still honoured in Andhra Pradesh and parts of Tamil Nadu for his efforts. The Sir Arthur Cotton Museum has been built in his honour in Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh. The museum holds approximately one hundred images and 15 machine tools that Cotton used when constructing the barrage in Andhra Pradesh from 1847 to 1852.

He was the father of the evangelist Elizabeth Hope.

Dowleswaram Barrage
The Dhawaleswaram Barrage was an irrigation structure originally built in 1852 by Sir Arthur Cotton on the lower stretch of the Godavari River before it empties into the Bay of Bengal.  Retrofitting was done in 1970, and it was officially renamed as Sir Arthur Cotton Barrage, also known as Dhawaleswaram Barrage.
ProStars FC
Prostars FC is a Canadian soccer team based in Brampton, Ontario. The organization was founded in 2013. The club previously played in the semi-professional League1 Ontario, part of the third division in the Canadian soccer league system in both the men's and women's divisions. The team play their home games at Victoria Park Stadium in Brampton, Ontario. The team's colours are blue for home games and white for away games.

Ontario Premier League (women)
The Ontario Premier League (formerly League1 Ontario) is a semi-professional women's soccer league in Ontario, Canada. The league is sanctioned by the Canadian Soccer Association and the Ontario Soccer Association as a pro-am league in the Canadian soccer league system. The Ontario Premier League is part of Premier Soccer Leagues Canada, the national third tier with regional divisions, with equivalents in Alberta, British Columbia, the Prairies, and Quebec.

The women's division launched in 2015 with seven clubs and has grown to twenty clubs for the 2022 season. Beginning in 2024, the league became a three-tier league featuring promotion and relegation.
Minister of National Defense (China)
The minister of national defense of the People's Republic of China is the head of the Ministry of National Defense and one of the top positions in the State Council. The minister usually is also a member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and a member of the Central Military Commission (CMC), the top governing body of China's armed forces including the People's Liberation Army (PLA).

Unlike in other countries, the minister does not have command authority over the armed forces, with the post generally used for diplomatic purposes. Nevertheless, until the appointment of the current incumbent, Admiral Dong Jun, the post was always held by a member of the CMC. Dong has been serving in the position since December 2023.

Dong Jun
Dong Jun (Chinese: 董军; pinyin: Dǒng Jūn; born in 1961) is a Chinese admiral of the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). He was the Commander of the People's Liberation Army Navy from September 2021 to December 2023. On 29 December 2023, he was appointed as the 14th Minister of National Defense; he succeeded Li Shangfu who was removed from office in October 2023. Dong is the first defense minister from the PLAN.
Gilbert Luján
Gilbert "Magu" Luján (October 16, 1940 – July 24, 2011) was a Chicano American sculptor, muralist, painter, and educator. He was a founding member of the Chicano collective, Los Four that consisted of artists Carlos Almaraz, Beto de la Rocha, Frank Romero and himself. In 1974, Judithe Hernández became the "fifth member," and only female member of Los Four.

Los Four
Los Four (active from 1973–1983) was a Chicano artist collective active based in Los Angeles, California. The group was instrumental in bringing the Chicano art movement to the attention of the mainstream art world.
Mongoloid (song)
"Mongoloid" is the first single released by American new wave band Devo in 1977, on the Booji Boy Records label. It was backed with the song "Jocko Homo". "Mongoloid" also had one of the first music videos made using collage. "Mongoloid" would later be re-recorded by Devo and appeared on the album Q: Are We Not Men? A: We Are Devo! in 1978. It is also a staple of Devo's live shows.

Q. Are We Not Men? A: We Are Devo!
Q: Are We Not Men? A: We Are Devo! is the debut studio album by American new wave band Devo. It was originally released in August 1978 on Warner Bros. in the North America and Virgin Records in Europe. Produced by Brian Eno, the album was recorded between October 1977 and February 1978, primarily in Cologne, West Germany.

The album peaked at No. 78 on the U.S. Billboard chart and No. 12 on the UK Albums Chart. Retrospectively, the album has been included on several "best of" lists from publications including Rolling Stone, Pitchfork, and Spin.
Pacific Western Airlines
Pacific Western Airlines (PWA) was an airline that operated scheduled flights throughout western Canada and charter services around the world from the 1950s through the 1980s.

In 1987, PWA purchased Canadian Pacific Air Lines, and the merged airlines became Canadian Airlines International.

Canadian Airlines
Canadian Airlines International Ltd. (stylized as Canadi›n Airlines or Canadi‹n Airlines, or simply Canadian) was a major Canadian airline that operated from 1987 until 2001. The airline was Canada's second largest airline after Air Canada, carrying more than 11.9 million passengers to over 160 destinations in 17 countries on five continents at its height in 1996. Canadian Airlines served 105 destinations in Canada, more than any other airline. It was a founding member of the Oneworld airline alliance.

Canadian Airlines was headquartered in Calgary, and had revenue of approximately $3 billion at the end of 1999. The airline and its aircraft were acquired by Air Canada in 2000, and the merger was officially completed on January 1, 2001.