hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Siddim
The Battle of the Vale of Siddim, also often called the War of Nine Kings or the Slaughter of Chedorlaomer, is an event reported in the Hebrew Bible's Book of Genesis, which occurred in the days of Abram and Lot. The Vale of Siddim was the battleground for the cities of the Jordan River plain revolting against Mesopotamian rule.

Whether this event occurred in history has been disputed by scholars. According to Ronald Hendel, "The current consensus is that there is little or no historical memory of pre-Israelite events in Genesis."  Regardless, it is the first occasion the Bible records following Noah's Flood where man's blood is spilled by his fellow man.

Arioch
Arioch (Hebrew: אַרְיוֹךְ, romanized: ’Aryōḵ) appears in Genesis 14 as the name of the King of Ellasar (Hebrew: אֶלָּסָר) who participated in the Battle of Siddim. Led by Chedorlaomer, the four kings Amraphel, Arioch, Chedorlaomer, and Tidal engaged in a punitive expedition against five kings of Canaan who rebelled against Chedorlaomer, Bera of Sodom, Birsha of Gomorrah, Shinab of Admah, Shemeber of Zeboim, and Zoar of Bela. The same story is also mentioned in the Book of Jubilees, where Arioch is called "king of Sellasar". According to Genesis Apocryphon (col. 21), Arioch was king of Cappadocia.
Spermatocyte
Spermatocytes are a type of male gametocyte in animals. They derive from immature germ cells called spermatogonia. They are found in the testis, in a structure known as the seminiferous tubules. There are two types of spermatocytes, primary and secondary spermatocytes. Primary and secondary spermatocytes are formed through the process of spermatocytogenesis.

Primary spermatocytes are diploid (2N) cells. After meiosis I, two secondary spermatocytes are formed. Secondary spermatocytes are haploid (N) cells that contain half the number of chromosomes.

In all animals, males produce spermatocytes, even hermaphrodites such as C. elegans, which exist as a male or hermaphrodite. In hermaphrodite C. elegans, sperm production occurs first and is then stored in the spermatheca. Once the eggs are formed, they are able to self-fertilize and produce up to 350 progeny.

Spermatocytogenesis
Spermatocytogenesis is the male form of gametocytogenesis and involves stem cells dividing to replace themselves and to produce a population of cells destined to become mature sperm.

The stem cells involved are called spermatogonia and are a specific type of stem cell known as gametogonia.

Three functionally separate spermatogonia cell types are recognized on the basis of the appearance of the nuclei: type A dark spermatogonia (Ad), type A pale spermatogonia (Ap), and type B spermatogonia (B).
Onufriivka Raion
Onufriivka Raion was a raion of Kirovohrad Oblast in central Ukraine. Its administrative center was the urban-type settlement of Onufriivka. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kirovohrad Oblast to four. The area of Onufriivka Raion was merged into Oleksandriia Raion. The last estimated population (in 2020) was 17,250.

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of one hromada, Onufriivka settlement hromada with the administration in Onufriivka.

Oleksandriia Raion
Oleksandriia Raion is a raion (district) of Kirovohrad Oblast in central Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Oleksandriia, which was incorporated separately as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion prior to 2020. Population: 219,482 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Kirovohrad Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Oleksandriia Raion was significantly expanded. Three abolished raions, Onufriivka, Petrove, and Svitlovodsk Raions, as well as Oleksandriia and Svitlovodsk Municipalities, were merged into Oleksandriia Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 33,659 (2020 est.).
One Motorsport
One Motorsport (with Starline Racing) is a British auto racing team based in Brackley, Northamptonshire owned and run by Steve Dudman. The team is best known for competing in the British Touring Car Championship.

British Touring Car Championship
The British Touring Car Championship (BTCC), officially known as the Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship for sponsorship reasons, is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed as the British Touring Car Championship for the 1987 season. It is one of the oldest, most popular and most prestigious touring car series in the world. The championship, currently running Next Generation Touring Car regulations, has been run to various national and international regulations over the years including FIA Group 2, FIA Group 5, FIA Group 1, FIA Group A, FIA Super Touring and FIA Super 2000. A lower-key Group N class for production cars ran from 2000 until 2003.
United Utilities
United Utilities Group plc (UU) is the United Kingdom's largest listed water company. It was founded in 1995 as a result of the merger of North West Water and NORWEB. The group manages the regulated water and waste water network in North West England, which includes Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Merseyside, most of Cheshire and a small area of Derbyshire, which have a combined population of more than seven million.

The United Utilities Group was the electricity distribution network operator for the North West until 2010, when its electricity subsidiary was sold to Electricity North West. United Utilities' headquarters are in Warrington, England, and the company has more than 5,000 direct employees. Its shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange and it is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

North West England is the wettest region in England, and water hardness across the region is soft to very soft.

North West Water
North West Water was a water supply, sewage disposal and sewage treatment company serving North West England. It was established as the North West Water Authority in 1973, and became North West Water plc in 1989, as part of the privatisation of the water industry in England and Wales. In 1995, it merged with NORWEB (the former North Western Electricity Board) to form United Utilities.
Hermitage Castle
Hermitage Castle is a semi-ruined castle in the border region of Scotland. It stands in the remote valley of the Hermitage Water, part of Liddesdale in Roxburghshire. It is under the care of Historic Scotland. The castle has a reputation, both from its history and its appearance, as one of the most sinister and atmospheric castles in Scotland.

Liddesdale
Liddesdale is a district in the County of Roxburgh, southern Scotland. It includes the area of the valley of the Liddel Water that extends in a south-westerly direction from the vicinity of Peel Fell to the River Esk, a distance of 21 miles (34 km).
Brandin Podziemski
Brandin Thomas Podziemski (/pəˈdʒɛmski/ pə-JEM-skee; born February 25, 2003) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Nicknamed "Podz" or "Airpodz", he played college basketball for the Illinois Fighting Illini and the Santa Clara Broncos.

Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball
The Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball team represents Santa Clara University in NCAA Division I basketball competition. The team plays home games at the Leavey Center in Santa Clara, California and have been members of the West Coast Conference since its formation in 1952. The team is currently coached by Herb Sendek, who had previously been the head coach at North Carolina State and Arizona State

Santa Clara has a long history of basketball success, having appeared in 11 NCAA Tournaments and 7 National Invitational Tournaments and producing a number of both collegiate All-Americans and NBA players. The Broncos have competed in the NIT in three of the last four seasons. In the 2022 and 2023 seasons produced a first round draft pick in the NBA draft, Jalen Williams and Brandin Podziemski.
Andrej Kravárik
Andrej Kravárik (born 28 July 1971) is a Slovak-Greek former volleyball player and current coach. He spent the biggest part of his playing career at Iraklis Thessaloniki, where he enjoyed great success. He was also coach of the Slovakia men's national volleyball team.

G.S. Iraklis Thessaloniki (men's volleyball)
G.S. Iraklis Thessalonikis, also known as Iraklis NEW PALLET after its title sponsor, is a volleyball team based in Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece. Founded in 1921, it serves as the men's volleyball section of the multisports club of G.S. Iraklis Thessalonikis. The team's colors are blue and white. They play their home matches at Katsaneio Indoor Hall. As of 2022, the team competes in the second–tier Greek Pre League.

The team has evolved into one of the most successful departments of G.S. Iraklis Thessalonikis and one of the best teams in Greece and Europe, as they have won the Greek Championship 5 times (2002, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2012) and reached the final of the CEV Champions League 3 times (2005, 2006, 2009).
John Wolfe Jr.
John McConnell Wolfe Jr. (April 21, 1954 – September 4, 2023) was an American attorney and perennial political candidate. He was the Democratic nominee for Tennessee's 3rd Congressional District in 2002 and 2004. He was best known for having challenged President Barack Obama for the Democratic Party's 2012 presidential nomination. He ultimately emerged as the most successful challenger, receiving the second-highest number of delegates (23) and popular votes (116,639).

2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries
From January 3 to June 5, 2012, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 2012 United States presidential election. President Barack Obama won the Democratic Party nomination by securing more than the required 2,383 delegates on April 3, 2012, after a series of primary elections and caucuses. He was formally nominated by the 2012 Democratic National Convention on September 5, 2012, in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Palanivel Govindasamy
Palanivel s/o K. Govindasamy (Tamil: பழனிவேல் கோவிந்தசாமி, romanized: Paḻaṉivēl Kōvintacāmi; 1 March 1949 – 17 June 2025), commonly known as G. Palanivel, was a Malaysian politician who served as Minister of Natural Resources and Environment from May 2013 to July 2015, Minister in the Prime Minister's Department from August 2011 to May 2013, Deputy Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities, Deputy Minister of Rural Development, Deputy Minister of Welfare and Family Development, Senator from May 2010 to May 2013, Member of Parliament (MP) for Cameron Highlands from May 2013 to May 2018 and Hulu Selangor from October 1990 to March 2008. He was a member and served as the 8th President of the Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC), a component party of the ruling Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition, from December 2010 to June 2013.

Malaysian Indian Congress
The Malaysian Indian Congress (abbrev: MIC; Malay: Kongres India Se-Malaysia), formerly known as Malayan Indian Congress, is a Malaysian political party. Founded in 1946 to advocate for Indian independence from British colonial rule, it turned its focus to the struggle for independence of Malaya (now Malaysia). It positioned itself to represent the Indian community in Malaya and was a founding member of the Alliance along with the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA), which later became Barisan Nasional. Previously seen as the political representative of Malaysian Indians, it has become increasingly marginalised electorally since 2008.
Mike D Vecchio
Mike Derudder (born 7 May 1996), better known by his ring name Mike D Vecchio, is a Belgian professional wrestler. He is signed to WWE where he performs under the ring name Dorian Van Dux. He is best known for working in Westside Xtreme Wrestling (wXw), where he was a former wXw European Champion. He is known for his tenures with various promotions from the European independent scene, and also makes appearances for All Japan Pro Wrestling.

WXw European Championship
The wXw European Championship is a professional wrestling championship created and promoted by the German promotion Westside Xtreme Wrestling. There have been a total of three reigns and two vacancy shared between three different champions. The title is currently vacant.
Deborah Paredez
Deborah Paredez (born December 19, 1970) is an American poet, scholar, and cultural critic. She is the author of the critical memoir American Diva, the poetry collections Year of the Dog and This Side of Skin, and the scholarly study Selenidad: Selena, Latinos, and the Performance of Memory. She is co-founder (and served as co-director, 2009-2019, 2021-2023) of CantoMundo, a national organization that supports Latinx poets and poetry. She lives in New York City where she is a professor of creative writing and ethnic studies at Columbia University.

Selenidad
Selenidad: Selena, Latinos, and the Performance of Memory is a work of academic literature written by scholar Deborah Paredez and published through Duke University Press in 2009. Paradez names the reactions made by Latinos in the United States following the shooting death of Selena on March 31, 1995, as "Selenidad". The book explores the effects on Latinos following Selena's death. It also explores her impact and contributions to music and fashion.

Paradez is a professor at the Columbia University, she instructs in creative writing and ethnic studies. She reviewed Selena look-alike contests, personators, drag queen shows, website tributes, memorials, and documentaries on Selena. In Selenidad, Paradez explores Selena's impact on cultural changes in the United States in the 1990s and the emergence of Latino awareness during a period of anti-immigration reform. Selenidad also explores Selena's influence and impact on the Latino LGBT community.
Japanese submarine I-175
I-75, later I-175, was an Imperial Japanese Navy Kaidai-type cruiser submarine of the KD6B subclass commissioned in 1938. During World War II, she took part in the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Battle of Midway, the Guadalcanal campaign, the Aleutian Islands campaign, and the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign and operated off Australia, before she was sunk in 1944 during her 10th war patrol. She is best known for sinking the United States Navy escort carrier USS Liscome Bay on 24 November 1943.

Japanese submarine I-169
I-69, later I-169, was an Imperial Japanese Navy Kaidai-class cruiser submarine of the KD6 sub-class commissioned in 1935. She served in World War II, during which she conducted six war patrols and took part in operations supporting the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Battle of Midway, the Guadalcanal campaign, the Aleutians campaign, and the defense of the Gilbert Islands. She sank in a diving accident in April 1944.
Modifier letter right half ring
The modifier letter right half ring ( ʾ ) is a character found in Unicode in the Spacing Modifier Letters range (although it is not a modifier, but a standalone grapheme). It is used in romanization to transliterate the Semitic abjad letter aleph and the Arabic letter hamza after it was used by The Encyclopedia of Islam (later the International Journal of Middle East Studies), representing the sound ⟨ʔ⟩ (a glottal stop, as in Arabic ء hamza). In informal contexts, the backtick ⟨ ` ⟩ or the apostrophe ⟨ ' ⟩ is commonly used as a substitute; but this can lead to confusion with the modifier letter left half ring.

Glottal stop
A glottal stop or glottal plosive is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages, produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract or, more precisely, the glottis. It is familiar to English-speakers as the catch in the middle of "uh-oh". The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʔ⟩.

As a result of the action of the glottis, glottal vibration either stops or becomes irregular with a low rate and sudden drop in intensity.
Shadow Cabinet of Judith Collins
The Shadow Cabinet of Judith Collins formed the official Opposition in the 53rd New Zealand Parliament, and previously in the 52nd Parliament. It comprised the members of the New Zealand National Party, which is the largest party not a member of the Government. On Collins' dismissal as leader on 25 November 2021, the cabinet essentially ceased to exist, but what remained was de jure led on an interim basis by her deputy leader, Shane Reti, until the next leadership election. The cabinet was succeeded by that of Christopher Luxon.

Collins came to power after the resignation of Todd Muller on 14 July 2020. She led the party into the 2020 New Zealand general election and was reconfirmed as leader after the election on 6 November 2020. Following a reduction in the National Party's parliamentary membership as a result of the election, the second iteration of Collins' shadow Cabinet was announced on 11 November 2020.

Todd Muller
Todd Michael Muller (/ˈmʌlər/; born 23 December 1968) is a New Zealand former politician who served as the Leader of the New Zealand National Party and the Leader of the Opposition from 22 May to 14 July 2020. Muller entered Parliament at the 2014 general election. He was elected as the MP for the Bay of Plenty electorate, which held until his retirement at the 2023 general election. In his second term, Muller became the leader of the National Party after successfully challenging then-leader Simon Bridges. However, his mental health suffered, including suffering panic attacks, and he resigned the leadership after 53 days.
Todd McClay
Todd Michael McClay (born 22 November 1968) is a New Zealand politician and former ambassador. He is the Member of Parliament for Rotorua. He was previously an ambassador for the Cook Islands and Niue to the European Union.

Rotorua (electorate)
Rotorua is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the New Zealand House of Representatives. It was first established in 1919, and has existed continuously since 1954. The current MP for Rotorua is Todd McClay of the National Party, who won the electorate in the 2008 general election from incumbent Labour MP Steve Chadwick.
2017 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election
The 2017 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election was the 4th Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) election of the state of Uttarakhand in India. Elections were held on 15 February 2017 in a single phase for the 69 seats of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly. Voting in the Karnaprayag constituency was postponed until 9 March 2017 due to the death of BSP candidate Kuldeep Kanwasi in a road accident. The Bharatiya Janata Party emerged as the largest party, winning 57 seats in the 70-seat legislature. The Indian National Congress was reduced to 11 seats and became the official opposition.

The voter turnout for the 69 seats of Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly that was held on 15 February was 65.64% which is less than the last election's voter turnout of 66.85%.

4th Uttarakhand Assembly
The 2017 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election were the fourth Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) election of the state. Elections were held on 15 February 2017 when Bharatiya Janata Party emerged as the single largest party with 57 seats in the 70-seat legislature and formed the government. The Indian National Congress with 11 seats served as the official opposition.

After discussions it was announced that Trivendra Singh Rawat would be Chief Minister.
Friendsgiving
Friendsgiving is a Thanksgiving-themed feast meal eaten with friends typically prior to or instead of a family Thanksgiving dinner in the United States.

The meal began as an additional holiday or as an alternative to the traditional family Thanksgiving gathering for people, typically young adults, who could not or did not want to go home for the holiday. For some celebrants, Friendsgiving has evolved from a pre-Thanksgiving gathering to replace traditional Thanksgiving entirely, but most celebrate it as a second and separate event during the Thanksgiving season.

While the term was first used online in 2007, the concept of Thanksgiving celebrated with friends as an alternative to celebrating with family is an older concept that dates back decades.

Thanksgiving
Thanksgiving or Thanksgiving Day is a national holiday celebrated on various dates in October and November in the United States, Canada, Saint Lucia, Liberia, and unofficially in countries like Germany. It is also observed in the Australian territory of Norfolk Island. It began as a day of giving thanks for the blessings of the harvest and of the preceding year. Various similarly named harvest festival holidays occur throughout the world during autumn. Although Thanksgiving has historical roots in religious and cultural traditions, it has long been celebrated as a secular holiday as well.
The Pale Blue Eye
The Pale Blue Eye is a 2022 American period mystery gothic thriller film written and directed by Scott Cooper, adapted from the 2006 novel by Louis Bayard. Set in 1830, the film stars Christian Bale as veteran detective Augustus Landor as he investigates a series of murders at the West Point Military Academy with the aid of Edgar Allan Poe (Harry Melling), a young military cadet. The ensemble cast also features Gillian Anderson, Lucy Boynton, Charlotte Gainsbourg, Toby Jones, Harry Lawtey, Simon McBurney, Timothy Spall, and Robert Duvall in his last movie before his death in 2026.

The Pale Blue Eye was released in select cinemas on December 23, 2022, before its streaming release on January 6, 2023, by Netflix. The film received mixed reviews.

The Pale Blue Eye (novel)
The Pale Blue Eye is a 2006 novel by American writer Louis Bayard. The book is a murder mystery set at West Point in 1830, where the young Edgar Allan Poe was a cadet. The novel was nominated for both an Edgar and a Dagger. It was adapted into a film by writer-director Scott Cooper and stars Christian Bale and Harry Melling.
Maryland Legislative District 1
Maryland's Legislative District 1 is one of 47 districts in the state for the Maryland General Assembly. It covers Allegany County, Garrett County and part of Washington County. The district is divided into three sub-districts for the Maryland House of Delegates: District 1A, District 1B and District 1C.

Maryland House of Delegates District 1C
Maryland House of Delegates District 1C is one of the 67 districts that compose the Maryland House of Delegates. Along with subdistricts 1A and 1B, it makes up the 1st district of the Maryland Senate. Situated in Western Maryland, District 1C covers parts of Allegany County and Washington County. Since 2023, it has been represented by Terry Baker, a Republican.

District 1C was created in the 1994 election, splitting off from District 1B, which until then had elected 2 delegates.
Léon Rom
Léon Auguste Théophile Rom (2 April 1859 – 30 January 1924) was a Belgian military officer and colonial administrator. His role in atrocities in the Congo Free State has led some to speculate that Rom served as an inspiration for the character of Kurtz in Joseph Conrad's 1899 novella Heart of Darkness.

Kurtz (Heart of Darkness)
Kurtz is a fictional character in Joseph Conrad's 1899 novella Heart of Darkness. A European ivory trader in Central Africa and commander of a trading post, he monopolizes his position as a demigod among native Africans. Kurtz meets with the novella's protagonist, Charles Marlow, who returns him to the coast via steamboat. Kurtz, whose reputation precedes him, impresses Marlow strongly, and during the return journey, Marlow is witness to Kurtz's final moments.