hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Social Democratic Party (Latvia)
The Social Democratic Party (Latvian: Sociāldemokrātiskā partija, SDP; formerly Social Democratic Union, Latvian: Sociāldemokrātu savienība, SDS) was a political party in Latvia formed by a splinter group from the Latvian Social Democratic Labour Party (LSDSP) after the leader of the LSDSP faction in the Saeima, Egils Baldzēns, lost to Juris Bojārs in the elections for party chairman on 27 October 2001. The major factor in the schism was the increasing intimacy between the LSDSP and the For Human Rights in United Latvia Bloc, considered to be excessively pro-Russian by the more nationalist members in Baldzēns' breakaway wing of the party. The newly formed SDS held its founding congress in Riga on 24 March 2002. In the 2002 election, the party won 1.5% of the popular vote and no seats. The last leader of the party was Egils Rutkovskis.

In January 2009, the party joined the Harmony Centre coalition.  It merged into the Harmony party in 2010.

Harmony Centre
Harmony Centre (Latvian: Saskaņas Centrs, SC; Russian: Центр Cогласия, ЦC) is a social-democratic and centrist political alliance in Latvia. Founded in 2005, it originally consisted of five political parties: the National Harmony Party, the Socialist Party of Latvia, New Centre, the Daugavpils City Party, and the Social Democratic Party. Through a series of mergers they were eventually reduced to two: Social Democratic Party "Harmony" and the Socialist Party.

From 2014 to 2026 the alliance was dormant, until it was revived with the Socialist Party being replaced by the Centre Party.

Ideologically a catch-all grouping of centre-left and left-wing parties, the alliance also aimed to represent the interests of Russians in Latvia.
Littleton W. T. Waller Jr.
Littleton Waller Tazewell Waller, Jr. (September 18, 1886 – April 14, 1967) was a highly decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps who attained the rank of major general while serving as Marine Corps Director of Personnel during World War II.

He was the son of Marine Corps Major General Littleton "Tony" Waller.

Littleton Waller
Littleton Tazewell "Tony" Waller (September 26, 1856 – July 13, 1926) was a career officer in the United States Marine Corps, who served in the Spanish–American War, the Caribbean, and Asia. He was court-martialed and acquitted for his actions during the Philippine–American War, when he led an ill-fated expedition across the island of Samar. Waller retired from the Marines holding the rank of major general.
Dan Avidan
Leigh Daniel Avidan (born March 14, 1979), also known by his stage name Danny Sexbang, is an American musician, internet personality, actor, and comedian. He is one half of the musical comedy duo Ninja Sex Party with Brian Wecht, as well as the co-host of the Let's Play webseries Game Grumps with Arin Hanson. He is also part of the more rap-based comedy music trio Starbomb with Hanson and Wecht, and the vocalist for the rock duo Shadow Academy, known for its inspiration from classic novels, alongside Jim Roach. As of October 2023, Avidan also performs vocals for the electronic music duo Skyhill, originally co-founded by Avidan in 2007.

Starbomb
Starbomb is an American musical comedy group composed of Dan Avidan and Brian Wecht of musical comedy duo Ninja Sex Party together with Internet personality Arin Hanson. The songs of Starbomb consist of video game parodies; Avidan provides sung vocals, Hanson provides rapping vocals, and Wecht performs instruments. All three are also known as a part of YouTube Let's Play web series Game Grumps. The band have collaborated with TWRP, a Canadian music group known for collaborations with NSP.

The group has released four studio albums, Starbomb (2013), Player Select (2014), The TryForce (2019), and Starbomb Boom: Rise of Lyrics (2024). Starbomb has also released several music videos, which occasionally feature known Internet, film, and video game fandom personalities such as Markiplier and Ashly Burch. Although the project was not announced until 2013, Hanson stated that the band had actually been formed "way before", without specifying when.
Donaukanal
The Donaukanal (German: [ˈdoːnaʊ̯kaˌnaːl] ⓘ, Danube Canal) is a former arm of the river Danube, now regulated as a water channel (since 1598), within the city of Vienna, Austria. It is 17.3 kilometres (10.7 mi) long and, unlike the Danube itself, it borders Vienna's city centre, Innere Stadt, where the Wien River (Wienfluss) flows into it.

The Donaukanal bifurcates from the main river at the Nußdorf weir and lock complex, in Döbling, and joins it again just upstream of the "Praterspitz", at the Prater park in Simmering. The island thus formed between the Donaukanal and the Danube holds two of the 23 districts of Vienna: Brigittenau (20th District) and Leopoldstadt (2nd District). The canal is crossed by fifteen road bridges and five rail bridges.

Because in German, the name Kanal, which has been used since about 1700, evokes associations of an open sewer, attempts at renaming the Donaukanal have been made (one suggestion was Kleine Donau—Little Danube) but have not met with success.

Districts of Vienna
The districts of Vienna (German: Wiener Gemeindebezirke) are the 23 named city sections of Vienna, Austria, which are numbered for easy reference. They were created from 1850 onwards, when the city area was enlarged by the inclusion of surrounding communities. Although they fill a similar role, Vienna's municipal districts are not administrative districts (Bezirke) as defined by the federal constitution; Vienna is a statutory city and as such is a single administrative district in its entirety.
Trần Nhật Duật
Prince Chiêu Văn Trần Nhật Duật (1255–1330) was the sixth son of Trần Thái Tông, first emperor of the Trần dynasty. Being a younger brother of the emperor Trần Thánh Tông, Trần Nhật Duật was one of the most important figures of the Trần family and royal court during the reigns of four successive emperors: Thánh Tông, Nhân Tông, Anh Tông and Minh Tông. In the second war of resistance against Mongol invasion, Trần Nhật Duật was the general who commanded the Đại Việt army to defeat the navy of Mongol general Sogetu in the Battle of Hàm Tử, one of the biggest victories of the Trần dynasty. With his knowledge of numerous foreign languages and cultures, Prince Chiêu Văn was also a prominent diplomat of the Trần dynasty who helped the emperor to maintain good relations with several ethnic groups in the northwestern region of Đại Việt.

Trần Nhân Tông
Trần Nhân Tông (7 December 1258–16 December 1308), personal name Trần Khâm, temple name Nhân Tông, was the third emperor of the Trần dynasty, reigning over Đại Việt from 1278 to 1293. After ceding the throne to his son Trần Anh Tông, Nhân Tông held the title Emperor Emeritus (Vietnamese: Thái thượng hoàng) from 1294 to his death in 1308. During the second and third Mongol invasions of Đại Việt, the Emperor Nhân Tông and his father the Emperor Emeritus Thánh Tông were credited with the decisive victory against the Yuan dynasty and would thenceforth establish a long period of peace and prosperity over the country.

After retiring from ruling the nation, he practiced Buddhism as a monk and founded the Trúc Lâm school of Vietnamese Buddhism.
William Henry Sheppard
William Henry Sheppard (March 8, 1865 – November 25, 1927) was one of the earliest African Americans to become a missionary for the Presbyterian Church. He spent 20 years in Africa, primarily in and around the Congo Free State, and is best known for his efforts to publicize the atrocities committed against the Kuba and other Congolese peoples by King Leopold II's Force Publique.

Sheppard's efforts contributed to the contemporary debate on European colonialism and imperialism in the region, particularly among those of the African-American community. However, it has been noted that he traditionally received little attention in literature on the subject.

Kuba Kingdom
The Kuba Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of the Bakuba or Bushongo, is a traditional kingdom in Central Africa. The Kuba Kingdom flourished between the 17th and 19th centuries in the region bordered by the Sankuru, Lulua, and Kasai rivers in the heart of the modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo.

The Kuba Kingdom was a conglomerate of several smaller Bushong-speaking principalities as well as the Kete, Coofa, Mbeengi, and the Kasai Twa Pygmies. The original Kuba migrated during the 16th century from the north. Nineteen ethnic groups are included in the kingdom, which still exists and is presided over by the King (nyim).
Dolmabahçe Mosque
The Dolmabahçe Mosque (Turkish: Dolmabahçe Camii) is a baroque waterside mosque in Kabataş in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey, close to the Dolmabahçe Palace. It was commissioned by Queen Mother Bezmialem Valide Sultan and designed by the Turkish Armenian architect, Garabet Balyan in 1855. After his mother's death, Sultan Abdülmecid saw the building work through to completion.

The mosque has twin minarets and is distinguished by the huge stone arches on its facades which are cut with large windows, allowing light to flood the interior.

From 1956 to 1960 the mosque provided a venue for the Naval Museum, only resuming prayer services in 1967. Road-widening robbed it of its courtyard and sebil that were originally part of the design.

Bezmiâlem Sultan
Bezmiâlem Sultan (also spelled Bazimialam, Ottoman Turkish: بزم عالم سلطان, romanized: 4; c. 1807 – 2 May 1853), was a consort of Sultan Mahmud II, and Valide sultan to their son, Sultan Abdülmecid I of the Ottoman Empire.
Dieng Plateau
The Dieng Plateau, often called simply Dieng (Javanese: ꦣꦶꦲꦾꦁ; Javanese pronunciation: [dijénɡ]) is a plateau in Central Java, Indonesia that forms the floor of the caldera complex on the Dieng Volcanic Complex. Administratively, this plateau is included in the territory of Banjarnegara Regency and Wonosobo Regency. It covers agricultural areas that have a subtropical climate with high levels of rainfall.

Dieng is surrounded by a series of mountains that stretch about 6 km (4 miles) from north to south and 14 km (9 miles) from west to east. Dieng is the highest plateau on the island of Java, having an average elevation of more than 2,100 meters above sea level.

Wonosobo Regency
Wonosobo Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Wonosobo, pronounced [kabuˌpat̪ɛn wɔnɔˈsɔbɔ]; Javanese: Kabupatèn Wanasaba) is a regency (kabupaten) in Central Java province in Indonesia. The regency seat is located in the town of Wonosobo, located at 7°22′07″S 109°53′54″E﻿ / ﻿7.3684940°S 109.8983841°E﻿ / -7.3684940; 109.8983841,on the Dieng Plateau, about 120 km from Semarang City. Wonosobo Regency shares borders with Temanggung and Magelang Regencies to the east, Purworejo Regency to the south, Kebumen Regency and Banjarnegara Regency to the west, and Batang Regency and Kendal Regency to the north. The regency's area is 1,011.62 km2 and its population was 754,883 at the 2010 census and 879,124 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 920,506 (comprising 468,526 males and 451,980 females).
Orlando Zapata
Orlando Zapata Tamayo (May 15, 1967 – February 23, 2010) was a Cuban political activist and a political prisoner who died after hunger striking for 85 days. His death received international attention, and was viewed as a significant setback in Cuba's relationship with the U.S. the EU and the rest of the world.

Hunger strike
A hunger strike is a method of non-violent resistance where participants fast as an act of political protest, usually with the objective of achieving a specific goal, such as a policy change. Hunger strikers that do not take fluids are named dry hunger strikers.

In cases where an entity (usually the state) has or is able to obtain custody of the hunger striker (such as a prisoner), the hunger strike is often terminated by the custodial entity through the use of force-feeding.
Hwang So-yoon
Hwang So-yoon (Korean: 황소윤; born 23 May 1997) is a South Korean musician. Hwang came to prominence as the lead vocalist of the indie rock band Se So Neon, of which she remains the band's only member. Initially a guitarist and pianist, Hwang is known primarily for her vocal range and lyricism, and is the recipient of eight Korean Music Award wins and nominations.

Since 2019, Hwang has performed under the solo moniker So!YoON! with two studio albums: So!YoON! (2019) and Episode 1: Love (2023). As a soloist, Hwang has collaborated with artists such as RM of BTS, Silica Gel, Phum Viphurit, Hoshi & Woozi of Seventeen, Park Ji-yoon and Enhypen. Hwang has also produced music for other artists, including Audrey Nuna and Teezo Touchdown.

Se So Neon
Se So Neon (Korean: 새소년; MR: saesonyŏn; pronounced [sɛ.so.njʌn]; commonly stylized in all caps) is a South Korean indie rock band. The band currently consists of lead vocalist and guitarist Hwang So-yoon. Since its formation in 2016, the band has released the album Now (2025), and EPs Summer Plumage (2017) and Nonadaptation (2020). In 2018, the band won the awards for Rookie of the Year and Best Rock Song at the Korean Music Awards.
Sander Sagosen
Sander Sagosen (born 14 September 1995) is a Norwegian professional handball player for Aalborg Håndbold and the Norwegian national team.

He has won major titles in four countries, including league championships in Norway, Denmark, France and Germany. With the national team, Sagosen placed second at the World Championship in 2017 and 2019, and finished third at the 2020 European Championship. Sagosen was included on the All-Star team for five consecutive major international competitions as either best centre back or left back.

2020 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2020 EHF European Men's Handball Championship was the 14th edition of the tournament and the first to feature 24 national teams. It was co-hosted for the first time in three countries – Austria, Norway and Sweden – from 9 to 26 January 2020.

Spain won their second consecutive title by defeating Croatia 22–20 in the final, while co-hosts Norway won the bronze match against Slovenia. Other hosts Austria finished 8th and Sweden 7th.

Sander Sagosen's 65 goals was at the time a record for a single player at any European Championship, until Mathias Gidsel's 68 goals at the 2026 European Men's Handball Championship.
Olympia Mancini, Countess of Soissons
Olympia Mancini, Countess of Soissons (French: Olympe Mancini; 11 July 1638 – 9 October 1708) was the second-eldest of the five celebrated Mancini sisters who, along with two of their female Martinozzi cousins, were known at the court of King Louis XIV of France as the Mazarinettes because their uncle was Louis XIV's chief minister, Cardinal Mazarin. Olympia was later to become the mother of the famous Austrian general Prince Eugene of Savoy. She also involved herself in various court intrigues including the notorious Affair of the Poisons, which led to her expulsion from France.

Affair of the Poisons
The Affair of the Poisons (French: affaire des poisons, pronounced [afɛʁ de pwazɔ̃]) was a major murder scandal in France during the reign of King Louis XIV. Between 1677 and 1682, a number of prominent members of the aristocracy were implicated and sentenced on charges of poisoning and witchcraft. The scandal reached into the inner circle of the king. It led to the execution of 36 people.
7.62×39mm
The 7.62×39 mm (also called 7.62 Soviet, formerly .30 Russian Short) round is a rimless bottlenecked intermediate cartridge of Soviet origin. The cartridge is widely used due to the global proliferation of the AK-47 rifle and related Kalashnikov-pattern rifles, the SKS semi-automatic rifle, and the RPD/RPK light machine guns.

The AK-47 was designed shortly after World War II, later becoming the AKM because the production of sheet metal receivers had issues when first initiated. This weapon is now the world's most widespread military-pattern rifle. The cartridge remained the Soviet standard until the 1970s. It was partly replaced in Soviet service by the 5.45×39mm cartridge, which was introduced with the new AK-74 rifle, and continues in service with the modernized current-issue Russian Armed Forces AK-74M service rifle, as well as the AK-12 rifle. In the 21st century, the 7.62×39 mm remains a common service rifle chambering, including for newly developed rifles like the AK-15.

AK-74
The AK-74 (Russian: Автомат Калашникова образца 1974 года, romanized: Avtomat Kalashnikova obraztsa 1974 goda, lit. 'Kalashnikov assault rifle model 1974') is an assault rifle designed by small arms designer Mikhail Kalashnikov in 1974 as a successor to the AKM. It is chambered for the 5.45×39mm cartridge, which replaced the 7.62×39mm cartridge of Kalashnikov's earlier automatic weapons for the Soviet Armed Forces.

The rifle first saw service with Soviet forces in the Soviet–Afghan War from 1979. The head of the Afghan bureau of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), the intelligence agency of Pakistan, claimed that the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) paid $5,000 for the first AK-74 captured by the Afghan mujahideen during the war.

As of 2026, most countries of the former Soviet Union use the rifle. Licensed copies were produced in Bulgaria (AK-74, AKS-74 and AKS-74U), and in the former East Germany (MPi-AK-74N, MPi-AKS-74N, MPi-AKS-74NK).
Trịnh Tráng
Trịnh Tráng (chữ Hán: 鄭梉, 6 August 1577 – 28 May 1657), posthumous name: Nghị Vương (誼王), temple name: Văn Tổ (文祖) was the second lord of Trịnh ruling Dang Ngoai (known to the Europeans as Tokin) in northern Vietnam from 1623 to 1657. Being one of the famous Trịnh lords, he started the Trịnh–Nguyễn War in 1627 and launched several major offensives which failed to crush the Nguyễn lords.

Trịnh lords
The Trịnh lords (Vietnamese: Chúa Trịnh; Chữ Hán: 主鄭; 1545–1787), formally titled as Viceroy of Trịnh (Vietnamese: Trịnh Vương ; chữ Hán: 鄭王), also known as the House of Trịnh or the Trịnh clan (Trịnh thị; 鄭氏), were a feudal noble clan that ruled Đàng Ngoài (known by the exonym Tonkin) during the Revival Lê dynasty. The Trịnh lords were de jure subordinates of the Lê dynasty emperors but were in actuality the de facto rulers of northern Vietnam.

The Trịnh clan and their rivals, the Nguyễn clan, were called "Chúa" (主, Lord) by their subjects and controlled northern and southern Vietnam respectively, leaving the Later Lê emperors as rulers in name only. The Trịnh clan produced 12 lords who dominated the royal court of the Later Lê dynasty and ruled northern Vietnam for more than two centuries.
Campion, Western Australia
Campion is an abandoned townsite in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, located in the Shire of Nungarin on the Koorda–Bullfinch Road. It is situated within the locality of Chandler, with the closest town being Mukinbudin.

Shire of Nungarin
The Shire of Nungarin is a local government area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, and with a population of 255 as of the 2021 census, is one of the nation's least populous. It is located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Merredin and about 300 kilometres (186 mi) east of the state capital, Perth. The Shire covers an area of 1,164 square kilometres (449 sq mi), and its seat of government is the town of Nungarin.
Richard Verschoor
Richard Verschoor (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈriɕɑrt vərˈsxoːr]; born 16 December 2000) is a Dutch racing driver who is set to compete in the 2026 European Le Mans Series with Duqueine.

Born in Benschop, Utrecht, Verschoor began karting in 2011, graduating to single-seaters in 2016 where he won the SMP F4 and Spanish F4 that year. He spent two years in Formula Renault Eurocup that yielded little success, before moving up to FIA Formula 3 for 2019 and 2020, competing for MP Motorsport. Verschoor graduated to Formula 2 in 2021 with MP Motorsport and spent five seasons in the category, his best being third during his final season in 2025.

Verschoor became the first Dutch driver to win the Macau Grand Prix, winning at his first attempt in 2019. He is also a McLaren Driver Development Programme member. As of 2025, Verschoor currently holds the most starts in the FIA Formula 2 Championship (125).

Benschop, Utrecht
Benschop is a village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Lopik, and lies about 4 km west of IJsselstein. Benschop is an extremely long village: apart from a relatively compact town centre, it consists of a long ribbon (over 8 km long) of houses (mainly farms) on both sides of the Benschopsche Wetering. Until 1989, Benschop was a separate municipality.
National Botanic Garden of Israel
31°47′37.06″N 35°14′39.11″E﻿ / ﻿31.7936278°N 35.2441972°E﻿ / 31.7936278; 35.2441972

National Botanic Garden of Israel (officially Montague Lamport Botanical Garden for the Native Plants of Israel) Hebrew: הגן הבוטני לצמחי ארץ ישראל ע"ש מונטג'יו למפורט), is a botanical garden located on the Mount Scopus campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Its herbarium and Institution Code is HUJ.  It covers an area of 25 dunams and contains 950 varieties of plants, 40% of them wild.

Mount Scopus
Mount Scopus is a mountain located in Jerusalem with an elevation of 826 meters (2,710 ft) above sea level. Between the 1948 Arab–Israeli War and the 1967 Arab–Israeli War, it was an internationally protected exclave of Israel within Jordan, as it was geographically part of Jordan's East Jerusalem, but politically part of Israel's West Jerusalem. It is home to the main campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center. Since the collapse of the City Line in 1967, the area now lies within Jerusalem's Israeli municipal boundaries.
.270 Winchester
The .270 Winchester is a rifle cartridge developed by Winchester Repeating Arms Company in 1923, and it was unveiled in 1925 as a chambering for their bolt-action Model 54 to become arguably the flattest shooting cartridge of its day, only competing with the .300 Holland & Holland Magnum, also introduced in the same year.

The .270 Winchester was derived from the  .30-06 Springfield and the bore diameter was likely inspired by 7mm Mauser. The .270 Winchester uses a .270 inch (6.86 mm) bore diameter and a .277 inch (7.04 mm) bullet diameter.

.30-06 Springfield
The .30-06 Springfield cartridge (pronounced "thirty-aught-six" /ˈθɜːrti ɔːt sɪks/), 7.62×63mm in metric notation, and called the .30 Gov't '06 by  Winchester, was introduced to the United States Army in 1906 and later standardized; it remained in military use until the late 1970s. In the cartridge's name, ".30" refers to the nominal caliber of the bullet in inches; "06" refers to the year the cartridge was adopted, 1906. It replaced the .30-03 Springfield, 6mm Lee Navy, and .30-40 Krag cartridges. The .30-06 remained the U.S. Army's primary rifle and machine gun cartridge for nearly 50 years before being replaced in 1957 by the 7.62×51mm NATO and 5.56×45mm NATO, both of which remain in current U.S. and NATO service. The cartridge remains a very popular sporting round, with ammunition produced by all major manufacturers.
Pampanga State University
Pampanga State University (Pampanga State U), formerly Don Honorio Ventura State University (DHVSU) is a state university in Bacolor, Pampanga, Philippines. It was founded by Augustinian friar, Fr. Juan P. Zita as “Escuela de Artes y Oficios de Bacolor” on November 4, 1861 upon the approval of Governor-General José Lémery e Ibarrola.
The university has seven regular campuses in Apalit, Candaba, Porac, Mexico, Santo Tomas, Lubao, and City of San Fernando in the province of Pampanga. It was considered as the oldest vocational school in Far East Asia.

Bacolor
Bacolor, officially the Municipality of Bacolor (Kapampangan: Balen ning Bakúlud; Tagalog: Bayan ng Bacolor), is a municipality in the province of Pampanga, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 59,361 people.

Bacolor is the birthplace of Father Anselmo Jorge de Fajardo, considered the "Father of Kapampangan literature" for writing the 1831 Kapampangan "kumidya" Don Gonzalo de Cordova.