hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International Pageant of Pulchritude
The International Pageant of Pulchritude, also known as Miss Universe or the International Beauty Contest, was a beauty contest that began in 1920, featuring contestants from multiple nations. This pageant originated the title "Miss Universe" and was the first international contest. The last pageant event in the United States was held in 1931 and additional Miss Universe events were held until 1935. The contest served as a model for modern contests that began after World War II.

The contest originated in Galveston, Texas, United States. The last Miss Universe event of this pre-World War II era was held in Brussels, Belgium. Though this contest served as a model and inspiration for the modern Miss Universe contests, the modern organization has no direct affiliation with these older contests.

Miss Universe
Miss Universe is an annual international major beauty pageant that is run by the Thailand and Mexican-based Miss Universe Organization. Along with Miss World, Miss International, and Miss Earth, it is one of the Big Four beauty pageants.

The Miss Universe Organization and its brand is owned by JKN Global Group and Legacy Holding Group USA Inc., an American division of Mexican company Legacy Holding through the joint venture company JKN Legacy Inc. Telemundo had the licensing rights to air the pageant through 2023. The pageant's advocacy is "humanitarian issues and is a voice to affect positive change in the world".

The reigning Miss Universe is Fátima Bosch from Mexico who was crowned on November 20, 2025, in Pak Kret, Thailand.
John W. Eber
John W. Eber (October 16, 1895 – March 18, 1972) was an American lawyer, businessman, and Progressive Republican politician from Milwaukee, Wisconsin.  He was the 51st speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly (1927–1928), and served ten years in the Assembly, representing the west side of the city of Milwaukee.

58th Wisconsin Legislature
The Fifty-Eighth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 12, 1927, to August 13, 1927, in regular session, and reconvened in two special sessions in 1928.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 2, 1926. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 4, 1924.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Fred R. Zimmerman, of Milwaukee County, serving a two-year term, having won election in the 1926 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
Council of Constantinople (1872)
The Council of Constantinople was a pan-Eastern Orthodox council held in Constantinople between 29 August 1872, and 16 September 1872, in response to the schism within a part of the Bulgarian ecclesiastical hierarchy. All the Eastern Orthodox patriarchs of the time participated in it. The council pronounced anathema on phyletism, which means the idea that ecclesiastical jurisdictions should be delineated not on territorial but national lines. The council also condemned racism.

The council is recognized as authoritative within the entire Eastern Orthodox Church.

Phyletism
Phyletism or ethnophyletism (from Ancient Greek: ἔθνος, romanized: ethnos, lit. 'nation' and φυλετικός, phyletikos, 'tribal') is the principle of nationalities applied in the ecclesiastical domain: in other words, the conflation between church and nation. The term ethnophyletism designates the idea that a local autocephalous church should be based not on a local (ecclesial) criterion, but on an ethnophyletist, national or linguistic one. It was used at the Council of Constantinople of 1872 to qualify "phyletist (religious) nationalism", which was condemned as a modern ecclesial heresy: the church should not be tied with the destiny of one nation or a single race or ethnicity.
John Conteh
John Anthony Conteh, MBE (born 27 May 1951) is a British former professional boxer who competed from 1971 to 1980. He held the WBC light-heavyweight title from 1974 to 1977, and regionally the European, British and Commonwealth titles between 1973 and 1974. As an amateur, he represented England and won a gold medal in the middleweight division at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games. In 2017, Conteh was awarded an MBE for services to boxing at the Queen's Birthday Honours.

2017 Birthday Honours
The 2017 Queen's Birthday Honours were appointments by some of the 16 Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The Birthday Honours were awarded as part of the Queen's Official Birthday celebrations during the month of June. The Queen's Birthday Honours for the United Kingdom were announced on 16 June; the honours for New Zealand were announced on 5 June and for Australia on 12 June.

The recipients of honours are displayed as they were styled before their new honour. They are arranged by the country (in order of precedence) whose ministers advised the Queen on the appointments, then by honour with grades, i.e. Knight/Dame Grand Cross, Knight/Dame Commander etc., and then by divisions, i.e. Civil, Diplomatic and Military as appropriate.
Forever Yours (The Sylvers album)
Forever Yours is an album by the Los Angeles, California-based R&B group the Sylvers. Originally recorded when the Sylvers were still signed to Capitol Records, big brother Leon took over on production. Capitol did not like the new sound and rejected the album and dropped them. The Sylvers shopped the material elsewhere and by mid-1978 had signed with Casablanca Records. This would be their most critically acclaimed album, it would also be the last album Leon would be involved with for the family until 1981's album Concept as he would leave to become in-house producer for Dick Griffey's SOLAR Records. Two singles were released. "Don't Stop, Get Off" charted in late 1978 at number 15 on the US R&B charts. "Forever Yours" was the second single released in 1979 and didn't chart at all due to management shake-ups at Casablanca, even though it was sent to both pop and R&B radio stations.

Leon Sylvers III
Leon Frank Sylvers III (born March 7, 1953) is an American singer, songwriter, disc-jockey, record producer and multi-instrumentalist. He was a member of the family group The Sylvers and became one of the most successful producers in Black music in the late 1970s to the mid-1980s through his association with Dick Griffey's SOLAR Records. Artists such as J Dilla, Dr. Dre, and Madlib have sampled songs written and produced by him.
Joseph P. Moran
Joseph P. Moran (1895–1934) was an American physician known for catering to the Depression-era criminal underworld in the early 20th century.  He was also a peripheral member of the Barker–Karpis gang, and was possibly the last physician to see the mortally wounded John Hamilton, a member of the John Dillinger gang, whom Moran refused to treat.

Moran disappeared in July 1934. He is believed to have been murdered by Fred Barker and Alvin Karpis.

Barker–Karpis Gang
The Barker–Karpis Gang was one of the longest-lived criminal gangs during the Depression Era, spanning from 1931 to 1935. The gang was founded by Fred Barker and Alvin Karpis, and later joined by Fred's brother Arthur "Doc" Barker. Along with the three core members, the gang's network spanned up to 25 members at one point.

Although not as well known as their contemporaries the Dillinger Gang, or the Barrow Gang, the Barker–Karpis Gang was perhaps more ruthless, not only committing bank robberies, but also extending the activities into kidnapping. It is best known for the myth that it was run by the Barker brothers' mother, Kate, usually referred to as "Ma Barker".
Garcorops jadis
Garcorops jadis is a possibly extinct species of Wall crab spider, family Selenopidae, and at present, it is one of four known species in the genus Garcorops.  The species is solely known from copal found on the beach near Sambava, on the northeast coast of Madagascar.

Selenopidae
Selenopidae, also called wall crab spiders, wall spiders and flatties, is a family of nocturnal, free-ranging, araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897. It contains over 281 species in nine genera, of which Selenops is the most well-known.

This family is just one of several families whose English name includes the phrase "crab spider". These spiders are often called "Flatties" due to their flattened dorsal profile. The Afrikaans name for these spiders is "Muurspinnekop," which translates directly to "wall spider." The name Selenopidae comes from the greek moon goddess, Selene, as their eyes resemble the moon.
Davis & Elkins College
Davis & Elkins College (D&E) is a private college in Elkins, West Virginia, United States. It operates as a nonprofit liberal arts college and is affiliated with the Association of Presbyterian Colleges and Universities.

Albert and Liberal Arts Halls
Albert and Liberal Arts Halls are a set of two historic buildings located on the campus of Davis & Elkins College at Elkins, Randolph County, West Virginia. The brick Georgian Revival style buildings were built between 1924 and 1926, and planned as a unit of two distinct and separate buildings connected by a graceful stone arcade. They were designed by noted Charleston architect Walter F. Martens.

Originally each building was 3+1⁄2 stories, with gable roof and dormers, and slightly recessed 2+1⁄2-story wings.  A fire at the Science Hall (now Albert Hall) in 1956, necessitated removal of the gable roof and a flat roof was installed.  The buildings serve as educational offices and classrooms.  Albert Hall is named for Charles E. Albert, Professor of Physics, who served as president from 1935 to 1939. The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
Talca
Talca (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtalka]) is a city and commune in Chile located about 255 km (158 mi) south of Santiago, and is the capital of both Talca Province and Maule Region (7th Region of Chile). As of the 2012 census, the city had a population of 201,142.

The city is an important economic center, with agricultural (wheat) and manufacturing activities, as well as wine production. It is also the location of the Universidad de Talca and the Catholic University of Maule, among others. The Catholic Church of Talca has held a prominent role in the history of Chile.

University of Talca
The University of Talca (Spanish: Universidad de Talca) is a Chilean university. It has five campuses, located in Talca, Curicó, Linares, Santa Cruz and Santiago. The Talca campus is the university's headquarters and largest campus. It is part of the Chilean Traditional Universities, the Consortium of Universities of the State of Chile and the Group of Regional Universities of Chile.

University of Talca is considered as the best public university outside Santiago by various rankings. It offers ten PhD programs and 27 Master programs. It was accredited for five years (2014-2019) by the Comisión Nacional de Acreditación (National Accreditation Commission).
Jake Vargas
Jhake Angelo Cunanan Vargas (born July 9, 1992) is a Filipino actor and musician. He began his career as a cast member of the variety show Walang Tulugan with the Master Showman before rising to prominence through his roles in Reel Love Presents Tween Hearts (2010), Pepito Manaloto (2011–present), and Alice Bungisngis and Her Wonder Walis (2012). He also appeared in films such as Tween Academy: Class of 2012 (2011), My Kontrabida Girl (2012), and Asintado (2014).

For his performance in Asintado, Vargas won the rising star award at the WorldFest-Houston International Film Festival and was nominated for Best Actor at the 2015 FAMAS Awards, and Movie Supporting Actor of the Year at the 2015 PMPC Star Awards for Movies.

Tween Academy: Class of 2012
Tween Academy: Class of 2012 is a 2011 Filipino teen comedy film directed by Mark A. Reyes V. It was produced by GMA Pictures and SM Development Corporation. The film was based on the series Tween Hearts, and stars Joshua Dionisio, Barbie Forteza, Jake Vargas, Bea Binene, Joyce Ching, Kristofer Martin, Lexi Fernandez, Derrick Monasterio and Louise delos Reyes, all in different roles, with Alden Richards and Elmo Magalona joining the cast. The film was released August 24, 2011.
Harold Sakata
Toshiyuki Sakata (坂田 敏行, Sakata Toshiyuki; July 1, 1920 – July 29, 1982), known as Harold Sakata, was an American Olympic weightlifter, professional wrestler, and film actor. He won a silver medal at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London in weightlifting, and later became a popular professional wrestler under the ring name Tosh Togo, wrestling primarily for various National Wrestling Alliance territories as a tag team with Great Togo.

Sakata also wrestled in Japan for the Japanese Wrestling Association between 1955 and 1957, and was an early mentor and sometimes-tag-partner to Rikidōzan. On the basis of his wrestling work, he was cast in the James Bond film Goldfinger (1964) as the villain Oddjob, a role he would be closely associated with for the rest of his life.

Red Berry (wrestler)
Ralph L. Berry (November 20, 1906 – July 21, 1973), better known by the ring name "Wild" Red Berry, was an American professional wrestler.

Berry was a nine-time NWA World Light Heavyweight Champion and an important smaller wrestler of the 1930s to the 1950s, as well as a famous professional wrestling manager in his later years.

Standing only 5'8", Berry had to find creative ways to win his matches, which is why he oftentimes turned to rule breaking. His defiant in-ring actions made him one of the most hated professional wrestlers of the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s. Berry did not care, as his disregard for authority eventually led him to more than fifteen professional wrestling championship reigns over the course of his lengthy career.

Berry continued his deviant behavior long after his in-ring career came to a close. As manager to such top stars as Gorilla Monsoon, The Fabulous Kangaroos and Bull Ramos, Berry was not above using his signature cane as a weapon.
2005 Nalchik raid
The 2005 raid on Nalchik  was a raid by a large group of Islamic militants on Nalchik (pop. 250,000), in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic (KBR) of southern Russia, on 13 October 2005.

A number of buildings associated with the Russian security forces were targeted. At least 80 people (142 according to official tallies), including at least 14 civilians, were reported to have been killed during the ensuing shooting, which continued into the next day. At least 240 were wounded.

2004 Nazran raid
The Nazran raid was a large-scale raid carried out in the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia on the night of June 21–22, 2004, by a group of Chechen militants led by Chechen commanders Shamil Basayev and Dokka Umarov. Basayev's main goal, besides capturing a large cache of weapons, was a show of strength. The attack by Chechen fighters on the Ingush city of Nazran is associated with the bad attitude of the Ingush authorities towards Chechen refugees.
Kung Fu (1972 TV series)
Kung Fu is an American action-adventure martial arts Western drama television series starring David Carradine. The series follows the adventures of Kwai Chang Caine, a Shaolin monk who travels through the American Old West, armed only with his spiritual training and his skill in martial arts, as he seeks Danny Caine, his half-brother.

Many of the aphorisms used in the series are adapted from or derived directly from the Tao Te Ching, a book of ancient Taoist philosophy attributed to the sage Lao-tzu.

Warrior (TV series)
Warrior (Chinese: 戰士) is an American martial arts crime drama television series that premiered on April 5, 2019, on Cinemax. It is based on an original concept and treatment by Bruce Lee, and is executive-produced by his daughter, Shannon Lee, and film director Justin Lin. Jonathan Tropper, known for the Cinemax original series Banshee, is the showrunner.

In April 2019, Cinemax renewed the series for a second season which premiered on October 2, 2020. It was Cinemax's final series before ceasing production of original programming. In April 2021, the series was renewed for a third season, along with the announcement that the series would move to HBO Max, later rebranded to Max. The third season premiered on Max on June 29, 2023. In December 2023, the series was canceled after three seasons.
Decoding methods
In coding theory, decoding is the process of translating received messages into codewords of a given code. There have been many common methods of mapping messages to codewords. These are often used to recover messages sent over a noisy channel, such as a binary symmetric channel.

Binary symmetric channel
A binary symmetric channel (or BSCp) is a common communications channel model used in coding theory and information theory. In this model, a transmitter wishes to send a bit (a zero or a one), and the receiver will receive a bit. The bit will be "flipped" with a "crossover probability" of p, and otherwise is received correctly. This model can be applied to varied communication channels such as telephone lines or disk drive storage.

The noisy-channel coding theorem applies to BSCp, saying that information can be transmitted at any rate up to the channel capacity with arbitrarily low error. The channel capacity is  bits, where  is the binary entropy function. Codes including Forney's code have been designed to transmit information efficiently across the channel.
46th Air Refueling Squadron
The 46th Air Refueling Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  It was last assigned to the 410th Operations Group, at K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base, Michigan, where it was inactivated on 8 October 1993.

K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base
K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base is a decommissioned United States Air Force (USAF) installation in Marquette County, Michigan, south of the city of Marquette. Near the center of Michigan's Upper Peninsula, the base operated for nearly forty years and closed in 1995. The county airport, Marquette Sawyer Regional Airport, now occupies a portion of the base and has scheduled airline flights and some general aviation activity.

The area of the former base is now an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) for statistical purposes. The CDP is known as K. I. Sawyer and had a population of 3,064 at the 2020 census, up from 2,624 in 2010. It is located within Forsyth Township and West Branch Township about 16 miles (25.7 km) south of the city of Marquette.
Harper Green
Harper Green is an area of Farnworth in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester, England. Historically in Lancashire, it lies 2.5 miles (4.0 km) southeast of Bolton town centre and 12.7 miles (20.4 km) northwest of Manchester city centre. Harper Green gives its name to one of the twenty electoral wards of Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council.

Farnworth
Farnworth is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Greater Manchester, England, 2 miles (3.2 km) southeast of Bolton, 4 miles south-west of Bury (7 km), and 8 miles (12.9 km) northwest of Manchester.

Within the historic county of Lancashire, Farnworth lies on the River Irwell and River Croal. At the 2011 Census, it had a population of 26,939.
Army Group Centre
Army Group Centre (German: Heeresgruppe Mitte) was the name of two distinct strategic German Army Groups that fought on the Eastern Front in World War II. The first Army Group Centre was created during the planning of Operation Barbarossa, Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union, as one of the three German Army formations assigned to the invasion.

After Army Group North was trapped in the Courland Pocket in mid-1944, it was renamed to Army Group Courland and the first Army Group Centre was renamed "Army Group North". The second iteration of Army Group Centre was formed by the redesignation of Army Group A as the replacement for the first Army Group Centre.

4th Panzer Army
The 4th Panzer Army  (German: 4. Panzerarmee), operating as Panzer Group 4 (Panzergruppe 4) from its formation on 15 February 1941 to 1 January 1942, was a German panzer formation during World War II. As a key armoured component of the Wehrmacht, the army took part in the crucial battles of the German-Soviet war of 1941–45, including Operation Barbarossa, the Battle of Moscow, the Battle of Stalingrad, the Battle of Kursk, and the 1943 Battle of Kiev.

The army was destroyed during the Battle of Stalingrad, but later reconstituted.
Niederalben
Niederalben is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kusel-Altenglan, whose seat is in Kusel.

Offenbach-Hundheim
Offenbach-Hundheim is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Lauterecken-Wolfstein.
Lorelei (Asgardian)
Lorelei is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. She is based on the being Lorelei from Germanic mythology.

Lorelei appeared in the first season of the Marvel Cinematic Universe television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., portrayed by Elena Satine.

Kurse (comics)
Kurse is the name of two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer/artist Walter Simonson, the Algrim version of Kurse first appears as the Dark Elf Algrim the Strong in  Thor #347 (September 1984). He is later transformed into Kurse in Secret Wars II #4 (October 1985).

Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje portrayed the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Thor: The Dark World (2013).
George Middleton (American politician)
George Middleton (October 14, 1800 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania – December 31, 1888 in Allentown, New Jersey) was an American Democratic Party politician who represented New Jersey's 2nd congressional district from 1863 to 1865.

Middleton was born in Philadelphia on October 14, 1800. He moved to Burlington, where he attended the public schools. He became a tanner and moved to Allentown, where he held several local offices. He served as a member of the New Jersey General Assembly in 1858 and 1859.

Middleton was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving in office from March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1865, but was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1864 to the Thirty-ninth Congress.

After leaving Congress, he resumed the business of tanning. He died in Allentown on December 31, 1888, and was interred in Crosswicks Community Cemetery in Crosswicks, New Jersey.

Allentown, New Jersey
Allentown is a borough located in western Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, bordering adjacent Mercer County. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 1,734, a decrease of 94 (−5.1%) from the 2010 census count of 1,828, which in turn reflected a decline of 54 (−2.9%) from the 1,882 counted in the 2000 census. The borough is nestled within central New Jersey, and is roughly equidistant between New York City and Philadelphia.