hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kingdom of Sikkim
The Kingdom of Sikkim (Classical Tibetan and Sikkimese: འབྲས་ལྗོངས།, Drenjong, Dzongkha: སི་ཀིམ་རྒྱལ་ཁབ།, Sikimr Gyalkhab)  officially Dremoshong (Classical Tibetan and Sikkimese: འབྲས་མོ་གཤོངས།) until the 1800s, was a hereditary monarchy in the Eastern Himalayas that existed from 1642 to 16 May 1975, when it was annexed by India. It was ruled by Chogyals of the Namgyal dynasty.

Chogyal
The Chogyal ("Dharma Kings", Tibetan: ཆོས་རྒྱལ, Wylie: chos rgyal) were the monarchs of the former Kingdom of Sikkim, which belonged to the Namgyal dynasty (Tibetan: རྣམ་རྒྱལ་རྒྱལ་རབས།, Wylie: Rnam Rgyal Rgyal Rabs). The Chogyal was the absolute monarch of Sikkim from 1642 to 1973, and the constitutional monarch from 1973 to 1975, when the monarchy was abolished and the Sikkimese people voted in a referendum to make Sikkim the 22nd state of India.
Market Drayton railway station
Market Drayton railway station served the town of Market Drayton in Shropshire, England, between 1863 and 1963. It was at the junction where three railway lines met: two of them, forming the Great Western Railway route between  Wellington and Crewe, were met by a line from Stoke-on-Trent on the North Staffordshire Railway.

Stoke-on-Trent railway station
Stoke-on-Trent railway station serves the city of Stoke-on-Trent, in Staffordshire, England. It lies on the Stafford to Manchester branch of the West Coast Main Line. It also provides an interchange between local services running through Staffordshire, Cheshire and Derbyshire.
Deseret News
The Deseret News (/ˌdɛzəˈrɛt/ ⓘ) is a US multi-platform newspaper based in Salt Lake City, published by Deseret News Publishing Company, a subsidiary of Deseret Management Corporation, which is owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Founded in 1850, it was the first newspaper to be published in Utah. The publication's name is from the geographic area of Deseret identified by Utah's pioneer settlers, and much of the publication's reporting is rooted in that region.

On January 1, 2021, the newspaper switched from a daily to a weekly print format while continuing to publish daily on the website and Deseret News app. As of 2024, Deseret News develops daily content for its website and apps, in addition to twice weekly print editions of the Deseret News Local Edition and a weekly edition of the Church News and Deseret News National Edition. The company also publishes 10 editions of Deseret Magazine per year.

Deseret Management Corporation
Deseret Management Corporation (DMC) (/ˌdɛzəˈrɛt/ ⓘ) is an American operating company, managing select global, for-profit entities affiliated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). It was established in 1966 by church president David O. McKay to hold already-existing church media assets. DMC companies provide content, services, and information through a diverse portfolio of companies, with the majority being media and communications brands.
ABCA4
ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 4, also known as ABCA4 or ABCR, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ABCA4 gene.

ABCA4 is a member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter gene sub-family A (ABC1) found exclusively in multicellular eukaryotes. The gene was first cloned and characterized in 1997 as a gene that causes Stargardt disease, an autosomal recessive disease that causes macular degeneration. The ABCA4 gene transcribes a large retina-specific protein with two transmembrane domains (TMD), two glycosylated extracellular domains (ECD), and two nucleotide-binding domains (NBD). The ABCA4 protein is almost exclusively expressed in retina localizing in outer segment disk edges of rod photoreceptors.

Stargardt disease
Stargardt disease is the most common inherited single-gene retinal disease. In terms of the first description of the disease, it follows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, which has been later linked to bi-allelic ABCA4 gene variants (STGD1).
However, there are Stargardt-like diseases with mimicking phenotypes that are referred to as STGD3 and STGD4, and have a autosomal dominant inheritance due to defects with ELOVL4 or PROM1 genes, respectively. It is characterized by macular degeneration that begins in childhood, adolescence or adulthood, resulting in progressive loss of vision.
Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark
The Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark is a multi-purpose sports complex located in the  western part of the locality of Prenzlauer Berg in the borough of Pankow in Berlin. The sports complex covers an area of approximately 22 hectares and comprises several facilities. The main building is the Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Stadion. The stadium is the third-largest stadium in Berlin, after the Olympiastadion and the Stadion An der Alten Försterei, with a capacity of approximately 20,000 seats, of which 15,000 are covered. The most recent main tenants of the stadium have been VSG Altglienicke and Berlin Thunder. Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark was the venue for the 2018 World Para Athletics European Championships. The large stadium is planned for a complete redevelopment. Demolition of the stadium began on 8 October 2024.

Stadion An der Alten Försterei
Stadion An der Alten Försterei (German pronunciation: [ˌʃtaːdi̯ɔn ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈʔaltn̩ fœʁstəˈʁaɪ̯] ⓘ; English: Stadium at the old forester's house) is a football stadium in Köpenick and the largest single-purpose football stadium in the German capital of Berlin. It has been home to football club 1. FC Union Berlin since its predecessor SC Union Oberschöneweide started playing in the stadium in 1920.

The stadium's capacity was last redeveloped in 2009 and expanded in 2013. Some of the redevelopment work was carried out by over 2,300 Union Berlin supporters volunteering their services. During league matches the arena features a total capacity of 22,012. There are 3,617 seats available while the rest of the ground remains terracing.

The stadium became also known for events like the annual "Weihnachtssingen" (Christmas Carols Event) and the "WM-Wohnzimmer" (World Cup Living Room) in 2014.
Simply connected space
In topology, a topological space is called simply connected (or 1-connected, or 1-simply connected) if it is path-connected and every path between two points can be continuously transformed into any other such path while preserving the two endpoints in question. Intuitively, this corresponds to a space that has no disjoint parts and no holes that go completely through it, because two paths going around different sides of such a hole cannot be continuously transformed into each other. The fundamental group of a topological space is an indicator of the failure for the space to be simply connected: a path-connected topological space is simply connected if and only if its fundamental group is trivial.

Fundamental group
In the mathematical  field of algebraic topology, the fundamental group of a topological space is the group of the equivalence classes under homotopy of the loops contained in the space. It records information about the basic shape, or holes, of the topological space. The fundamental group is the first and simplest homotopy group. The fundamental group is a homotopy invariant—topological spaces that are homotopy equivalent (or the stronger case of homeomorphic) have isomorphic fundamental groups. The fundamental group of a topological space  is denoted by .
Pema Gyamtsho
Pema Gyamtsho (Dzongkha: པདྨ་རྒྱ་མཚོ།, Wylie: pad+ma rgya mtsho, born in 1961) is a Bhutanese politician who served as the Second Party President of the Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party and Opposition Leader in the National Assembly of Bhutan from 2013 until his resignation in 2020. Since then he has been the Director General of International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (|ICIMOD) . He also served as the Minister of Agriculture and Forests in the first elected government of Bhutan.

Druk Phuensum Tshogpa
Druk Phuensum Tshogpa  (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཕུན་སུམ་ཚོགས་པ།; Wylie: 'brug phun-sum tshog-pa; translation: Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party; abbr. DPT) is one of the major political parties in Bhutan. It was formed on 25 July 2007 as a merger of the All People's Party and the Bhutan People's United Party, which were both short-lived. The working committee of the merged entity, headed by the former home minister, Jigmi Yoezer Thinley, decided on the name for the new party. On 15 August 2007, Jigmi Yoezer Thinley was elected president of the party, and the party applied for registration, thus becoming the second political party in Bhutan to do so. On 2 October 2007, the Election Commission of Bhutan registered the party. On 24 March 2008, the party won the first general election held in Bhutan. The party secured 45 of the 47 seats to the National Assembly. The party tends to be more popular in the east of the country.
5th Regiment Royal Artillery
5th Regiment Royal Artillery is a regiment of the Royal Artillery in the British Army. It was formed in 1939 as 5th Regiment Royal Horse Artillery before being redesignated in 1958. It currently serves in the Surveillance and Target Acquisition role and is equipped with counter-battery radars and acoustic sound ranging equipment; it also provides Special Observation Post teams.

4/73 (Sphinx) Special Observation Post Battery Royal Artillery
4/73 (Sphinx) Special Observation Post Battery Royal Artillery is a Surveillance and Target Acquisition (STA) unit of the British Army. It fields the British Army with long-range STA Patrols which provide specialist surveillance, reconnaissance and joint fires in high-threat environments. It is part of 5th Regiment Royal Artillery and is based at Catterick Garrison in North Yorkshire.
Joseph Nikolaus de Vins
Joseph Nikolaus Freiherr de Vins or Joseph de Wins (1732 – 26 September 1798), joined the army of Habsburg Austria and fought in the Seven Years' War where he was decorated for bravery. By 1773 he earned promotion to general officer. From 1783 he held important posts on the Military Frontier and led an independent corps in Croatia during the Austro-Turkish War. In the French Revolutionary Wars he commanded the joint forces of Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont from 1792 until 1795. Though the French were held at bay during his tenure, his slowness and poor health prevented Piedmont's lost territories from being recovered. Throughout the period much tension existed between the two allies. Ironically, the day after De Vins resigned, the French attacked and badly defeated his replacement. He was Proprietor (Inhaber) of an Austrian infantry regiment from 1784 until his death.

Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)
The Austro-Turkish War, also known as the Habsburg–Ottoman War, was fought from 1788 to 1791, between the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire. During the conflict, Habsburg armies succeeded in taking Belgrade (1789) and liberating much of central Serbia, also capturing several forts in central Croatia and in the Pounje region of the Ottoman Bosnia. Much of those gains were lost in the later stages of the war, that ended by the Treaty of Sistova (1791), with minor territorial changes in favor of the Habsburg side. The war was fought concomitantly with the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792).
John Cardiel
John Joseph Cardiel (born December 14, 1973) is an American former professional skateboarder and snowboarder who has been a known core member of the Anti Hero Skateboards company since it was founded in 1995.

Deluxe Distribution
Deluxe Distribution is an Ermico Enterprises, Inc.-owned American skateboarding company founded in 1986 with limited partner Brian Ware in San Francisco.
Deluxe was formed to distribute the Beware Record label, and other small record labels popular with skateboarders, along with Thunder Trucks and Supercush Bushings. Deluxe distributes six skateboard brands and owns DLXSF, a retail outlet.
Bachelor in Paradise Canada
Bachelor in Paradise Canada is a Canadian reality competition television series, which premiered on October 10, 2021, on Citytv. It is a spin-off of the American reality television shows Bachelor in Paradise, The Bachelor, The Bachelorette, and Canadian reality television shows The Bachelor Canada and The Bachelorette Canada. It was originally hosted by Jesse Jones. For season 2, Sharleen Joynt, who starred on season 18 of The Bachelor, became the host.

Bachelor in Paradise (American TV series)
Bachelor in Paradise is an American elimination-style reality competition television series, which premiered on August 4, 2014, on ABC. It is a spin-off of the American reality television shows The Bachelor and The Bachelorette. The show features previous contestants who have been featured on The Bachelor and The Bachelorette as they travel to a secluded paradise in Mexico in the first nine seasons took place. The show moved to Costa Rica since season ten. The show was originally hosted by Chris Harrison until his departure from The Bachelor franchise in 2021. Jesse Palmer currently hosts the show.

On July 10, 2024, ABC renewed Bachelor in Paradise for a tenth season, which premiered on July 7, 2025.
Psilocybe zapotecocaribaea
Psilocybe zapotecocaribaea is a species of mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. The mushroom contains the medicinal compound psilocybin. It is in the section Zapotecorum of the genus Psilocybe, other members of this section include Psilocybe muliercula, Psilocybe angustipleurocystidiata, Psilocybe aucklandii, Psilocybe collybioides, Psilocybe kumaenorum, Psilocybe zapotecorum, Psilocybe kumaenorum, Psilocybe subcaerulipes, Psilocybe pintonii, Psilocybe moseri, Psilocybe zapotecoantillarum, and Psilocybe antioquiensis.

Psilocybe kumaenorum
Psilocybe kumaenorum is a species of mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. The mushroom contains the psychoactive compound psilocybin. It is in the section Zapotecorum of the genus Psilocybe, other members of this section include Psilocybe muliercula, Psilocybe angustipleurocystidiata, Psilocybe aucklandii, Psilocybe collybioides, Psilocybe graveolens, Psilocybe zapotecorum, Psilocybe pintonii, Psilocybe subcaerulipes, Psilocybe moseri, Psilocybe zapotecoantillarum, Psilocybe zapotecocaribaea, and Psilocybe antioquiensis.

It was described in 1967 from Papua New Guinea by French mycologist Roger Heim.
UBM plc
UBM plc was a British business-to-business (B2B) events organiser headquartered in London, England, before its acquisition by Informa in 2018. It had a long history as a multinational media company. Its main focus was on B2B events, but its operations included live media and business-to-business communications, marketing services and data provision, and it principally served the technology, healthcare, trade and transport, ingredients and fashion industries. UBM was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

Informa
Informa plc is a British publishing, business intelligence, and exhibitions group with headquarters in London, England. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. It has offices in 42 countries and around 14,000 employees. Informa owns numerous brands including Fan Expo, VidCon, Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity, CRC Press, Routledge, and Taylor & Francis.
Tripoli Province
Tripoli Province (Provincia di Tripoli in Italian) was one of the provinces of Libya under Italian rule. It was established in 1937, with the official name: Commissariato Generale Provinciale di Tripoli. It lasted until 1947.

Provinces of Libya
The Provinces of Libya were prescribed in 1934, during the last period of colonial Italian Libya, and continued through post-independence Libya until 1963 when the Governorates system was instituted.

The three main provinces of the country follow the original colonial divisions of Italian Libya: Tripolitania province, Cyrenaica province and Fezzan province.
Ana Tijoux
Anamaría Tijoux Merino (French pronunciation: [anamaʁja tiʒu meʁino], Spanish: [meˈɾino]; born 12 June 1977), commonly known by her stage name Ana Tijoux or Anita Tijoux (/tiˈʒuː/), is a French-born Chilean musician. Her music contains political and popular themes. She became famous in Latin America as the MC of hip hop band Makiza during the late 1990s. In 2006, she crossed over to the mainstream of Latin pop after her collaboration with Mexican singer Julieta Venegas in the radio hit "Eres para mí". She gained more widespread recognition following her second solo album, 1977, and later with La bala (2011) and Vengo (2014) which brought her a Best Artist of the year award in the 2015 Pulsar Awards.

Tijoux is the daughter of Chilean parents living in political exile in France during Augusto Pinochet's dictatorship in Chile.

Eres para mí
"Eres Para Mí" (English: "You Are for Me") is a Latin pop-hip-hop song by the Mexican singer-songwriter Julieta Venegas and Chilean singer Anita Tijoux. It was recorded for Venegas's fourth album Limón y Sal. Released as the third single on January 1, 2007, it had the same success as her first single "Me Voy" in Latin America appearing at the top of the pop charts.
Jagiellonia Białystok
Jagiellonia Białystok (Polish pronunciation: [jaɡʲɛ(l)ˈlɔɲa bjaˈwɨstɔk]) is a Polish professional football club based in Białystok that plays in the Ekstraklasa, the top level of Polish football. The club was founded in 1920 by soldiers in the 42nd Infantry Regiment Reserve Battalion in Białystok. Jagiellonia play their home games at the Chorten Arena.

Jagiellonia is the most accomplished football club of north-eastern Poland. The club won the Polish Cup and Super Cup in 2010 and qualified to play in the third round qualification of the UEFA Europa League, their first appearance in European tournaments. The club's most successful season was the 2023–24 Ekstraklasa when they were crowned champions for the first time in the club's history.

Football in Poland
Football is the most popular sport in Poland. Over 400,000 Poles play football regularly, with millions more playing occasionally. 67% of the Poles are interested in football and 27% are very interested in it. The first professional clubs were founded in the early 1900s, and the Poland national football team played its first international match in 1921.

There are hundreds of professional and amateur football teams in Poland; which are under the auspices of the national 1st league, 2nd level, 3rd level, 4 parallel divisions of 4th level, 16 regional parallel divisions of 5th level and a variety of other lower-level leagues. Additionally, there are the Polish Cup and Polish Super Cup competitions.
Yayoi Station
Yayoi Station (弥生駅, Yayoi-eki) is a train station in the city of Kurashiki, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. It is on the Mizushima Main Line, operated by the Mizushima Rinkai Railway. Currently, all services stop at this station.

Mizushima Main Line
Mizushima Main Line (水島本線, Mizushima-honsen) is a 11.2 km railway line owned by the Mizushima Rinkai Railway, serving Kurashiki, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. The line branches southward from the San'yō Main Line, owned by JR West, at Kurashiki-shi Station, ending in the industrial district of Mizushima.

Originally an industrial railway for the military in Mizushima, passenger services began in 1948. The line switched hands three times before being owned and operated by the Mizushima Rinkai Railway.
Concow, California
Concow (Maidu: Koyoom Kʼawi, meaning "Meadow") is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in the Sierra Nevada foothills in Butte County, California, United States. Due to a decline in employment and repeated wildfires, over the past hundred years the population declined from several thousand to several dozen. On November 8, 2018, a wildfire, the Camp Fire, destroyed most of Concow, as well as the adjacent municipality of Paradise.

Concow is named after the Native American tribe that is indigenous to the area, the Concow Maidu. The original inhabitants ate salmon from the Feather River, acorns and pine nuts, venison, nō-kōm-hē-i'-nē, and other sources of food which abounded in the California foothills.

Butte County, California
Butte County (/ˈbjuːt/ ⓘ) is a county located in the northern central part of the U.S. state of California. In the 2020 census, its population was 211,632. The county seat is Oroville.

Butte County comprises the Chico, California, metropolitan statistical area. It is in the California Central Valley, north of the state capital of Sacramento.

Butte County is drained by the Feather River and the Sacramento River. Butte Creek and Big Chico Creek are additional perennial streams, both tributary to the Sacramento. The county is home to California State University, Chico and Butte College.
Guelma
Guelma (Arabic: قالمة Qālima; Algerian Arabic: ڨالمة; Algerian Arabic pronunciation: [ɡelmæ]) is the capital of Guelma Province and Guelma District, located in north-eastern Algeria, about 52 kilometers from the Mediterranean coast. Its location corresponds to that of ancient Calama.

Calama (Numidia)
Calama was a colonia in the Roman province of Numidia situated where Guelma in Algeria now stands.

G. Mokhtar places it just within the Roman province of Africa Proconsularis, to the east of Numidia, but it is generally believed to have been in Numidia, a province created probably in 198–199.
Alexander McQueen (fashion house)
Alexander McQueen is a British luxury fashion house founded by the designer Alexander McQueen in 1992. After his death in 2010, Sarah Burton became its creative director, a position she held until 2023. Gianfilippo Testa has been its chief executive officer since March 2022 and Seán McGirr has been its creative director since October 2023. The house specialises in haute couture, ready-to-wear, premium leather accessories, as well as footwear.

Sarah Burton
Sarah Jane Burton OBE (née Heard; born 1974) is an English fashion designer. She worked at the Alexander McQueen fashion house from 1997 through 2023, spending her last 13 years at the company as its creative director. She is currently the creative director of Givenchy.

Burton designed the wedding dress of Catherine Middleton for her wedding to Prince William in 2011. In 2012, she was named in Time 100, an annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world according to Time.
Three Bronze Discs
Three Bronze Discs is a piece of public artwork by American artist James Wines located in the courtyard of the Golda Meir Library, near Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. Made of bronze, the sculpture is three circular bronze discs located in a pool of water. It is 10 feet by 8 feet and 5 feet in diameter.

University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Libraries
The Golda Meir Library, located in Milwaukee, in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, is the main library of the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. The library has more than 4.5 million catalogued items, many of which are available electronically through Electronic Reserve, web-based online catalog, searchable databases and indices.

The building was first constructed in 1967 and then expanded with the addition of the East Wing in 1974 and conference center in 1987. The library was named for Golda Meir, the fourth prime minister of Israel, who graduated in 1917 from the Milwaukee State Normal School, an institution to which UWM traces its lineage.