hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mackey topology
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, the Mackey topology, named after George Mackey, is the finest topology for a topological vector space which still preserves the continuous dual. In other words the Mackey topology does not make linear functions continuous which were discontinuous in the default topology. A topological vector space (TVS) is called a Mackey space if its topology is the same as the Mackey topology.

The Mackey topology is the opposite of the weak topology, which is the coarsest topology on a topological vector space which preserves the continuity of all linear functions in the continuous dual.

The Mackey–Arens theorem states that all possible dual topologies are finer than the weak topology and coarser than the Mackey topology.

Mackey space
In mathematics, particularly in functional analysis, a Mackey space is a locally convex topological vector space X such that the topology of X coincides with the Mackey topology τ(X,X′), the finest topology which still preserves the continuous dual. They are named after George Mackey.
Idaho Vandals baseball
The Idaho Vandals baseball team was the varsity intercollegiate baseball team of the University of Idaho, located in Moscow, Idaho.

Varsity baseball was played at Idaho through the 1980 season, primarily in the northern division of the Pacific Coast Conference.  During the first six years of the Big Sky Conference, the Vandals won four titles under two head coaches, Wayne Anderson (1964, 1966) and John G. Smith (1967, 1969).

The 1966 and 1969 teams advanced to within one round of the College World Series, falling in the District 7 finals, today's "Super-Regionals" (Sweet 16).

University of Idaho
The University of Idaho (U of I, or UIdaho) is a public land-grant research university in Moscow, Idaho, United States. Established 137 years ago in 1889 and opened three years later, it was the state's sole university for 71 years, until 1963.

The university comprises ten undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools. It enrolls approximately 12,000 students across its campuses, with 11,000 on the Moscow campus. The university is classified among "Research 1: Very High Spending and Doctorate Production".

Located on the rural Palouse, the university is represented in intercollegiate athletics by the Idaho Vandals, who compete in NCAA Division I, primarily in the Big Sky Conference. In addition to the main campus in Moscow, the U of I has branch campuses in Coeur d'Alene, Boise, and Idaho Falls; it also operates a research park in Post Falls, and dozens of extension offices statewide.
Clunes, Victoria
Clunes is a town in Victoria, Australia, 36 km (22 mi) north of Ballarat, in the Shire of Hepburn. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 1,844.

Clunes is best known as the site of Victoria's first registered gold discovery in 1850 and its first gold strike in 1873, which lasted three months. A campus of Wesley College is based in Clunes and parts of the original Mad Max (1979) were filmed in the town, famously showcasing the Creswick Creek Bridge, in Clunes’s more regional farming area. Other films include “Ned Kelly” (2016) and Stan TV series “Bloom” (2018). The annual Clunes Booktown Festival began in 2007 and draws significant tourism to the area, with over 10 book shops around the town.

Shire of Hepburn
The Shire of Hepburn is a local government area in Victoria, Australia. Located in the central part of the state, it covers an area of 1,473 square kilometres (569 mi2). The 2021 census recorded a population of 16,604 in the shire.

Notable settlements include Clunes, Creswick, Daylesford, Hepburn Springs, Trentham, Allendale, Denver, Glenlyon, Kingston, Leonards Hill, Lyonville, Newlyn and Smeaton.

The shire is governed and administered by the Hepburn Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Daylesford. It also has a service centre located in Creswick. The shire is named after an early squatter named John Hepburn, who established the Smeaton Hill pastoral run, which was located a few kilometres north of present-day Creswick.
Fernanda Takai
Fernanda Barbosa Takai (Portuguese pronunciation: [feʁˈnɐ̃dɐ taˈkaj]; born 25 August 1971) is a Brazilian singer, better known as the lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of rock band Pato Fu. She has also been working on a solo career since 2007.

In 2011, she collaborated with Atom™, Toshiyuki Yasuda and Moreno Veloso on the track "Águas de Março" for the Red Hot Organization's most recent charitable album Red Hot + Rio 2. The album is a follow-up to the 1996 Red Hot + Rio. Proceeds from the sales will be donated to raise awareness and money to fight AIDS/HIV and related health and social issues.

Pato Fu
Pato Fu is a Brazilian indie rock band from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. The band was formed by lead singer & rhythm guitarist Fernanda Takai, lead guitarist John Ulhoa, and bassist Ricardo Koctus, in September 1992. Long-time drummer Xande Tamietti left the band in 2014, being replaced by Glauco Nastácia; keyboardist Richard Neves replaced [Lulu Camargo in 2016. The band is also famous for their 2010 album Música de Brinquedo, which was written using only toy instruments. It was at one point included with U2 and Radiohead in a list of the 10 best bands in the world, according to Time magazine.
George H. Cameron
Major General George Hamilton Cameron (January 8, 1861 – January 28, 1944) was a United States Army officer who had a military career spanning over forty years, at the end of which he attained the rank of major general. Despite serving in numerous conflicts, perhaps his most notable service came in the final years of World War I, where he served as the first commander of the 4th Division, which he later commanded on the Western Front in mid-1918, before being promoted to the command of V Corps, which he led during the short Battle of Saint-Mihiel and then in the early stages of the Meuse–Argonne offensive, the largest battle in the U.S. Army's history, before he was suddenly relieved of his command.

4th Infantry Division (United States)
The 4th Infantry Division is a division of the United States Army based at Fort Carson, Colorado. It is composed of a division headquarters battalion, three brigade combat teams (two Stryker and one armor), a combat aviation brigade, a division sustainment brigade, and a division artillery.

The 4th Infantry Division's official nickname, "Ivy", is a play on words of the Roman numeral IV or 4. Ivy leaves symbolize tenacity and fidelity which is the basis of the division's motto: "Steadfast and Loyal". The second nickname, "Iron Horse", has been adopted to underscore the speed and power of the division and its soldiers.
Old Depot Museum
The Old Depot Museum is a history museum located in Ottawa, Kansas. The focus of the museum is primarily on the regional history of Franklin County, and the importance of trains to the development of small towns. It features history of local Native Americans, local industries, and has accurate recreations of historical rooms. The Old Depot Museum is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Ottawa, Kansas
Ottawa (pronounced /ˈɒtəwɑː/)  is a city in and the county seat of Franklin County, Kansas, United States.  It is located on both banks of the Marais des Cygnes River near the center of Franklin County.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 12,625.  It is the home of Ottawa University.
Józef Kowalczyk
Józef Kowalczyk (Polish: [ˈjuzɛf kɔˈvalt͡ʂɨk]; 28 August 1938 – 20 August 2025) was a Polish Roman Catholic prelate, canon lawyer and diplomat who, from 1989 to 2010, served as the first apostolic nuncio to Poland since World War II. He later served as archbishop of Gniezno and primate of Poland until his retirement in 2014.

Apostolic Nunciature to Poland
The Apostolic Nuncio to Poland is one of the oldest nuncios, appointed by the Pope as apostolic representative to the Roman Catholic Church in Poland. Three nuncios to Poland went on to be elected pope. Three were cardinals at the time of their appointment as nuncio, and the rest—with the sole exception of Filippo Cortesi—were elevated afterwards.
Structure and agency
In the social sciences there is a standing debate over the primacy of structure or agency in shaping human behaviour. Structure is the recurrent patterned arrangements which influence or limit the choices and opportunities available. Agency is the capacity of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices. The structure versus agency debate may be understood as an issue of socialization against autonomy in determining whether an individual acts as a free agent or in a manner dictated by social structure.

Agency (sociology)
In social science, agency is the capacity of individuals to have the power and resources to fulfill their potential. Social structure consists of those factors of influence (such as social class, religion, gender, ethnicity, ability, customs, etc.) that determine or limit  agents and their decisions. The influences from structure and agency are debated—it is unclear to what extent a person's actions are constrained by social systems.

One's agency is one's independent capability or ability to act on one's  will. This ability is affected by the cognitive belief structure which one has formed through one's experiences, and the perceptions held by the society and the individual, of the structures and circumstances of the environment one is in and the position one is born into. Disagreement on the extent of one's agency often causes conflict between parties, e.g. parents and children.
João Pessoa, Paraíba
João Pessoa (/ˈʒwaʊn pəˈsoʊə/ ZHWOWN pə-SOH-ə; Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈɐ̃w peˈsoɐ]) is a port city in northeastern Brazil. It is the largest city and capital of the state of Paraíba, with an estimated population of 888,679 (as of 2024). It is located on the right bank of the Paraíba do Norte river.

The new "Estação Ciência, Cultura e Artes" (Science, Culture and Art Station), located at the most eastern point of the Americas (Ponta do Seixas), is an educational and cultural institution as well as a national landmark. The complex, inaugurated in 2008, was created by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer and is one of his final projects.

The capital of Paraíba received the title of Creative City by UNESCO in 2017, appointing João Pessoa as "Brazilian city of handicrafts".

Ponta do Seixas
7°8′55.41″S 34°47′48.82″W﻿ / ﻿7.1487250°S 34.7968944°W﻿ / -7.1487250; -34.7968944

Ponta do Seixas (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpõtɐ du ˈsejʃɐs]), is a beach on the Atlantic coast of Paraíba state, northeastern Brazil, that forms the easternmost point of the American double-continent, roughly 8 km (5 mi) southeast of João Pessoa, the state capital.
Roberto Civita
Roberto F. Civita (9 August 1936 – 26 May 2013) was a Brazilian businessman and publisher. Born in Italy, he emigrated at the age of two with his family to New York in 1938 to escape effects of the Race Laws. They moved again to Brazil in 1949, where his father Victor Civita founded Editora Abril, a publishing house.

After college and graduate school in the United States, the younger Civita entered the family business in the 1960s. He helped its expansion and development as Grupo Abril, becoming one of the largest publishing companies in Brazil. Beginning in 1982 he became president, and took over all operations in 1990. He became chairman of the Board of Directors and Editorial Head of Grupo Abril.

He has also headed related education foundations and participated in leadership of the Lauder Institute and the Wharton Advisory Board. He was part of the Board of Overseers of the International Center for Economic Growth (founded in 1985 with headquarters in Panama).

Grupo Abril
Grupo Abril (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈɡɾu.pu aˈbɾiw]; lit. 'April Group') simply also known as Abril)  is a Brazilian media conglomerate headquartered in São Paulo. The company is the holding company of Editora Abril, which publishes the weekly newsmagazine Veja.
Calhoun County, Florida
Calhoun County is a rural county located in the northern panhandle of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,648, making it the fifth-least populous county in Florida. Its county seat is Blountstown.

Gulf County, Florida
Gulf County is a county located in the panhandle of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,192. Its county seat is Port St. Joe. Gulf County is included in the Panama City, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Jack Daniel's Properties, Inc. v. VIP Products LLC
Jack Daniel's Properties, Inc. v. VIP Products LLC, 599 U.S. 140 (2023), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that, when an alleged infringer uses a trademark as a designation of source for the infringer's own goods, the Rogers test does not apply. The case deals with a dog toy shaped similar to a Jack Daniel's whiskey bottle and label, but with parody elements, which Jack Daniel's asserted violated trademark law. The Court held in favor of Jack Daniel's because the toy company used its parody as its trademark, and the court left the Rogers test on parody intact.

Rogers v. Grimaldi
Rogers v. Grimaldi, 875 F.2d 994 (2d Cir. 1989) is a trademark and intellectual freedom case, known for establishing the "Rogers test" for protecting uses of trademarks that implicate intellectual freedom issues.
Kyle of Lochalsh line
The Kyle of Lochalsh line is a primarily single-track railway line in the Scottish Highlands, from Dingwall to Kyle of Lochalsh. Many of the passengers are tourists, but there are also locals visiting Inverness for shopping, and commuters. All services are provided by ScotRail and run beyond Dingwall to Inverness. In the past there were some through services to and from Glasgow, Edinburgh or Aberdeen. None of the 63-mile (101 km) line is electrified, and all trains on the line are diesel-powered, as are all other trains in the Scottish Highlands.

Dingwall railway station
Dingwall railway station serves Dingwall, Scotland. It is located just south of the junction of the Far North Line and the Kyle of Lochalsh Line, and is managed and served by ScotRail. The station is 18 miles 58 chains (30.1 km) from Inverness, and is the zero point for the Kyle of Lochalsh Line. It is sited after Conon Bridge heading northbound, with the next station being either Garve or Alness.
Haute-Sorne
Haute-Sorne (French pronunciation: [ot sɔʁn], lit. 'Upper Sorne') is a municipality in the district of Delémont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Bassecourt, Courfaivre, Glovelier, Soulce and Undervelier merged to form the new municipality of Haute-Sorne.

Glovelier
Glovelier (French pronunciation: [ɡlɔvəlje]) is a former municipality in the district of Delémont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.  On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Bassecourt, Courfaivre, Glovelier, Soulce and Undervelier merged to form the new municipality of Haute-Sorne.
Fetuin
Fetuins are blood proteins that are made in the liver and secreted into the bloodstream. They belong to a large group of binding proteins mediating the transport and availability of a wide variety of cargo substances in the bloodstream. Fetuin-A is a major carrier protein of free fatty acids in the circulation. The best known representative of carrier proteins is serum albumin, the most abundant protein in the blood plasma of adult animals. Fetuin is more abundant in fetal blood, hence the name "fetuin" (from Latin, fetus). Fetal bovine serum contains more fetuin than albumin, while adult serum contains more albumin than fetuin.

Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein
alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG, Alpha-2-Heremans-Schmid Glycoprotein) also known as  fetuin-A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AHSG gene. Fetuin-A belongs to the fetuin class of plasma binding proteins and is more abundant in fetal than adult blood.
2015 Angola Super Cup
The 2015 Supertaça de Angola (28th edition) was contested by Recreativo do Libolo, the 2014 Girabola champion and Benfica de Luanda, the 2014 cup winner. Recreativo do Libolo was the winner, making it its 1st title.

2014 Angola Cup
The 2014 Taça de Angola was the 33rd edition of the Taça de Angola, the second most important and the top knock-out football club competition in Angola, following the Girabola. Benfica de Luanda beat defending champions Petro de Luanda 1–0 in the final to secure its first title.

The winner and the runner-up qualified to the 2015 CAF Confederation Cup.
MotoMaster
MotoMaster is the in-house line of automotive products sold exclusively at Canadian Tire stores. MotoMaster products ranged from oil filters and air filters, to MotoMaster branded tires. As of 2011, MotoMaster was the most popular replacement tire brand in Canada, with 13% market share by unit volume of the passenger replacement tire market and 10% market share by unit volume of the light truck replacement tire market.

Canadian Tire
Canadian Tire Corporation, Limited (doing business as Canadian Tire) is a Canadian retail corporation, headquartered at Canada Square in Toronto, Ontario. It operates department stores, gas stations (Canadian Tire Petroleum), and financial services (Canadian Tire Bank). The company also owns and operates Mark's, PartSource, Sherwood Hockey, Sport Chek, Sports Experts, and the Canadian operations of Party City. It owns the intellectual property of the former Hudson's Bay Company as of 2025.

Canadian Tire acquired the Norwegian clothing and textile company Helly Hansen from the Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan in 2018 and sold it in 2025. It participates in the voluntary Scanner Price Accuracy Code managed by the Retail Council of Canada.
2019 Rugby World Cup – Africa qualification
Qualifying for the 2019 Rugby World Cup for Africa Rugby began in June 2016, with 14 teams competing. On 18 August 2018, Namibia qualified for the World Cup by winning the 2018 Rugby Africa Gold Cup, defeating Kenya, who finished second and advanced to the repechage tournament.

2019 Rugby World Cup – play-off qualifications
For the 2019 Rugby World Cup, there were several play-off matches during the qualification process in order to determine which nations would compete in the Repechage. Canada, who failed to be one of the three teams to advance from the Americas qualification process, despite being the third highest ranked team in the Americas, emerged from the repechage process in November 2018 to become the final team to qualify for the World Cup.
Goat throwing
Goat throwing (in Spanish: Lanzamiento de cabra desde campanario or Salto de la cabra) was a festival celebrated in the town of Manganeses de la Polvorosa, province of Zamora, Spain, on the fourth Sunday of January. The festival coincided with the commemoration of Saint Vincent the Martyr.

Vincent of Saragossa
Vincent of Saragossa (also known as Vincent Martyr, Vincent of Huesca or Vincent the Deacon) was a deacon of the Church of Saragossa. He is considered as a Protomartyr of Spain and the patron saint of Lisbon, Algarve, and Valencia. His feast day is 22 January in the Catholic Church, Anglican Communion, and the Eastern Orthodox Church, with an additional commemoration on 11 November in the Eastern Orthodox Church. Vincent was born at Huesca and martyred under the Emperor Diocletian around the year 304.
David Uhlmann
David M. Uhlmann is an American educator and attorney who served as the assistant administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency within the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance during the Presidency of Joe Biden. He previously served as a deputy assistant administrator in the same division and as an environmental law professor at the University of Michigan Law School.

Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
The Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance is the law enforcement arm of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It is made up of attorneys, special agents, scientists and other employees.
St Michael & All Angels Church, Wood End
St Michael & All Angels Church is a Church of England church in the village of Wood End, Warwickshire, England. Built in 1906, this small wooden church is part of the parish of Baxterley with Hurley and Wood End

Wood End, Kingsbury, Warwickshire
Wood End is a former Pit village in North Warwickshire, England. It lies to the south east of Tamworth and close to the border with Staffordshire. It grew around the former Kingsbury Colliery but now it serves as a commuter village to Tamworth. It has a church, a primary school, a co-operative store, a working men's club and a village hall. The population of Wood End is 2,205, but from the 2011 Census has been included in Kingsbury.
725th Strategic Missile Squadron
The 725th Strategic Missile Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 451st Strategic Missile Wing at Lowry Air Force Base, Colorado, where it was inactivated on 25 June 1965.

The squadron was first activated in May 1943 as the 725th Bombardment Squadron.  After training in the United States, it deployed to the Mediterranean Theater of Operations, where it participated in the strategic bombing campaign against Germany.  The squadron earned three Distinguished Unit Citations for its actions during the war.  Following V-E Day, the 725th returned to the United States and was inactivated.  It was activated again as a missile unit in 1961, when it assumed the assets of another squadron.

451st Air Expeditionary Group
The 451st Air Expeditionary Group was a provisional United States Air Force USAFCENT unit.  It was assigned to Kandahar Airfield and is also the host unit at Kandahar.  It reported to the 455th Air Expeditionary Wing at Bagram Air Base.

The group provided intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, command and control, remotely piloted aircraft operations, and airborne data link capabilities.

During the Cold War, the Strategic Air Command 451st Strategic Missile Wing was the first fully operational HGM-25A Titan I ICBM wing in 1962. During World War II, the wing's predecessor unit, the 451st Bombardment Group was a Consolidated B-24 Liberator heavy bombardment organization, assigned to Fifteenth Air Force in Italy.
HMS Wrestler
HMS Wrestler (D35) was a V and W-class destroyer built by the Royal Navy during the First World War and active from 1939 to 1944 during the Second World War. She was the first Royal Navy ship to bear that name, and the only one to do so to date.

V and W-class destroyer
The V and W class was an amalgam of six similar classes of destroyer built for the Royal Navy under the 9th, 10th, 13th and 14th of fourteen War Emergency Programmes during the First World War and generally treated as one class. For their time they were among the most powerful and advanced ships of their type in the world, and set the trend for future British designs.

They arrived in time to see service in the First World War. During the interwar period these ships formed the backbone of the Royal Navy's destroyer flotillas until gradually replaced by new construction; by the mid-1930s most had been displaced to the reserve fleet. Most ships survived to make an extensive contribution to the Second World War effort, in the vital role of convoy escort, freeing up more modern ships for fleet action.