hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sula Sgeir
Sula Sgeir is a small, uninhabited Scottish islet in the North Atlantic, 18 kilometres (9+1⁄2 nautical miles) west of Rona. One of the most remote islands of the British Isles, it lies approximately forty nautical miles (seventy kilometres) north of Lewis and is best known for its population of gannets. It has a narrow elongated shape running north-northeast to south-southwest, and is approximately 900 metres (980 yd) long by typically 100 metres (110 yd) wide (apart from a central headland projecting a further 100 metres (110 yd) on the easterly side).

A ruined stone bothy called Taigh Beannaichte (Blessed House) is on the east headland, Sgeir an Teampaill. A small automated lighthouse on the south end at Sròn na Lice is regularly damaged by the huge waves which break over the island during rough North Atlantic storms. Despite this, the island has diverse flora.

North Rona
Rona (Scottish Gaelic: Rònaigh) is an uninhabited Scottish island in the North Atlantic. It is often referred to as North Rona to distinguish it from the island of South Rona in the Inner Hebrides. It has an area of 109 hectares (270 acres) and a maximum elevation of 108 metres (354 ft).

It is the most isolated island in the British Isles to have been inhabited on a long-term basis.

Rona is included within the historic county of Ross-shire. Although uninhabited, the island (along with Sula Sgeir) is included in the Western Isles Council electoral ward of An Taobh Siar agus Nis, the Scottish Parliament constituency of Na h-Eileanan an Iar, the electoral region of Highlands and Islands, and the UK Parliament constituency of Na h-Eileanan an lar.
New York State Psychiatric Institute
The New York State Psychiatric Institute, located at the Columbia University Irving Medical Center in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, was established in 1895 as one of the first institutions in the United States to integrate teaching, research and therapeutic approaches to the care of patients with mental illnesses. In 1925, the Institute affiliated with Presbyterian Hospital, now NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, adding general hospital facilities to the institute's psychiatric services and research laboratories.

Through the years, distinguished figures in American psychiatry have served as directors of the Psychiatric Institute, including Drs. Ira Van Gieson, Adolph Meyer, August Hoch, Otto Kernberg, Lawrence Kolb, Edward Sachar, Herbert Pardes and Jeffrey Lieberman. The current executive director is Dr. Joshua A. Gordon.

Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC) is the academic medical center of Columbia University and the largest campus of NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital. The center's academic wing consists of Columbia's colleges and schools of Physicians and Surgeons, Dental Medicine, Nursing, and Public Health.

The center's healthcare wing include Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York State Psychiatric Institute, and the Audubon Biomedical Research Park. The center is located in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Upper Manhattan, New York City.

The campus covers several blocks—primarily between West 165th and 169th Streets from Riverside Drive to Audubon Avenue.
Elsecar Heritage Centre
Elsecar Heritage Centre is a visitor attraction centre in Elsecar, Barnsley, England. Operated by Barnsley Museums, it has independent shops, studios, galleries and cafes in former Victorian engineering workshops. It also has a large antiques centre. A visitor centre and regular tours share the unique history of the village, an industrial estate village of ironworks and collieries, built for the Earls Fitzwilliam of Wentworth Woodhouse. Elsecar is now recognised to be of international significance, one of the UK's first model villages and a precursor to places like Saltaire.

Close to the heritage centre, at the Elsecar New Colliery, is a Newcomen steam engine, the only such engine still in its original location and now understood to be the world's oldest steam engine still in situ.

Newcomen atmospheric engine
The atmospheric engine was invented by Thomas Newcomen in 1712, and is sometimes referred to as the Newcomen fire engine (see below) or Newcomen engine. The engine was operated by condensing steam being drawn into the cylinder, thereby creating a partial vacuum which allowed atmospheric pressure to push the piston into the cylinder. It is significant as the first practical device to harness steam to produce mechanical work.  Newcomen engines were used throughout Britain and Europe, principally to pump water out of mines. Hundreds were constructed during the 18th century. James Watt's later engine design was an improved version of the Newcomen engine that roughly doubled fuel efficiency. Many atmospheric engines were converted to the Watt design. As a result, Watt is today better known than Newcomen in relation to the origin of the steam engine.
Patanjali Yogpeeth
Patanjali Yogpeeth is a yoga institute located in Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India. Founded in 2006 and named after the Rishi Patanjali, the purpose of the institute is to practice, research, and develop yoga and ayurveda. The institute is the flagship project of the yoga teacher and entrepreneur Ramdev.

The Patanjali Yogpeeth houses a hospital, pharmacy and several Patanjali trusts. It is also the home of the University of Patanjali and the Yog Gram ashram. Balkrishna is the General Secretary of Patanjali Yogpeeth. Ramdev is the Vice-Chancellor of the Patanjali Yogapeeth.

In 2017, the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) gave tax exempt status to Patanjali Yogpeeth through its Delhi bench. Located on the Haridwar-Delhi highway, the institute offers treatments for all and has residential accommodations. It is about 20 km (12 mi) from Haridwar at Kankhal and about 15 km (9.3 mi) from Roorkee.

Ramdev
Ramdev (born Ram Kisan Yadav between 1965 and 1975), also known by the prefix Baba, is an Indian yoga guru and businessman. He is primarily known for being a proponent of yoga and ayurveda in India. Ramdev has been organizing and conducting large yoga camps since 2002 and broadcasting his yoga sessions on various Indian TV channels. He co-founded Patanjali Ayurved and Patanjali Yogpeeth with his colleague Balkrishna in 2006.

Ramdev is aligned with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) on some issues. In 2011–2012, he led protests against corruption in India and advocated for the repatriation of black money held in foreign banks. Ramdev has received criticism over his comments related to modern medicine, yoga, and ayurveda.

In April 2022, The Indian Express listed Ramdev as the 78th most powerful Indian.
Tokerau Beach
Tokerau Beach is a settlement on the northwestern side of Doubtless Bay  on the Karikari Peninsula of Northland, New Zealand. It is near the northern end of the 18-kilometre (11 mi) beach that is also called Tokerau Beach.

Karikari Peninsula
The Karikari Peninsula on the east coast of the far north of Northland, New Zealand, is between Rangaunu Harbour to the west, Rangaunu Bay to the north-west and Doubtless Bay to the east. It is a right-angled land mass of two relatively distinct parts. The rocky northern part, which has an east–west orientation and is approximately 17 km long, was originally an island but is now connected to the mainland by a low sandy tombolo approximately 11 km long, which has a north–south orientation.
Henry Gustav Simon
Gustav Heinrich Victor Amandus Simon, known as Henry Simon, (7 June 1835 – 22 July 1899) was a German engineer who revolutionised Great Britain's flour milling industry and in 1878 founded the engineering companies Henry Simon Ltd and Simon Carves. His second son, Ernest Simon went on to become the first Baron Simon of Wythenshawe.

Ernest Simon, 1st Baron Simon of Wythenshawe
Ernest Emil Darwin Simon, 1st Baron Simon of Wythenshawe (9 October 1879 – 3 October 1960) was a British industrialist, politician and public servant. Lord Mayor of Manchester in 1921–1922, he was a member of parliament for two terms between 1923 and 1931 before being elevated to the peerage and serving as the Chairman of the BBC Board of Governors.
Municipalities of Timor-Leste
Timor-Leste is divided into 14 municipalities (Portuguese: municípios, Tetum: munisípiu), which are former districts. One municipality is also a Special Administrative Region (SAR). The municipalities are divided into administrative posts (former subdistricts), and further subdivided into sucos (villages). Atauro Island was initially a part of Dili Municipality, but became a separate municipality on 1 January 2022. The borders between Cova Lima and Ainaro and between Baucau and Viqueque were changed in 2003.

The municipalities in Timor-Leste are largely inherited from the earlier regencies (kabupaten) of the Indonesian province, all of which were created on 30 July 1976 during the New Order.

Sucos of Timor-Leste
The administrative posts (formerly subdistricts) of Timor-Leste are subdivided into 461 sucos ("villages") and 2,336 aldeias ("communities"). Sucos have been part of the country's administrative system since the 20th century, under Portuguese, Japanese, Indonesian, and independent rule.: 280
Cotford St Luke
Cotford St Luke (/ˈkɔːtfərd/) is a village and civil parish in Somerset, England. It is located approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of Norton Fitzwarren and 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south of Bishops Lydeard. The population recorded by the 2021 census is 2,642.

The village was established following the closure of Tone Vale Hospital and Cotford Asylum in the 1990s. The old asylum buildings were either demolished or converted into housing commencing in the late 1990s.

Bishops Lydeard
Bishops Lydeard (/ˈlɪdiərd/) is a village and civil parish located in Somerset, England, 5 miles (8 km) north-west of Taunton. The civil parish encompasses the hamlets of East Lydeard and Terhill, and had a population of 2,839 persons as recorded in the 2011 census; this figure, however, includes the village (and now separate parish) of Cotford St Luke.

The village has been bypassed, since 1967, by the A358 road; the West Somerset Railway also runs through the area. The hamlet of East Lydeard is less than a mile to the east of the village; Terhill is about two miles north, while west of the village is Sandhill Park, an eighteenth-century country house.
Ben Hollioake
Benjamin Caine Hollioake (11 November 1977 – 23 March 2002) was an English cricketer who played for Surrey County Cricket Club and the England cricket team. Born in Australia, Hollioake moved to England where he made his first-class cricketing debut for Surrey in 1996. A right-handed batsman and right-arm seam bowler, Hollioake's performances as an all-rounder saw him join his brother Adam in the 1997 England ODI team. Later that year, Adam and Ben Hollioake made their England Test debut in the same game, becoming only the third set of brothers to do so. Ben Hollioake made two Test appearances and earned 20 ODI caps before he was killed in a car crash in Australia at the age of 24.

Adam Hollioake
Adam John Hollioake (born 5 September 1971) is a former cricketer who represented England and is now a cricket coach. He has also competed as a professional boxer and had one fight as a mixed martial artist. Hollioake is currently head coach at Kent County Cricket Club.

As a player, he was an all-rounder who played for Surrey and England. He captained Surrey from 1997 until 2003, winning three County Championships, and led England in One Day Internationals. He was named one of the Wisden Cricketers of the Year in 2003. His brother, Ben, also played for England.

Since retiring from cricket in 2004, Hollioake has spent his time involved in charitable and media work as well as owning a property development business. He moved to Perth, Western Australia and later to Queensland. His property company, the Hollioake Group, collapsed in 2010. As a cricket coach he has worked with Pakistan, England Lions, Queensland and Surrey.
Ballygally
Ballygally or Ballygalley (from Irish Baile Geithligh, meaning 'Geithleach's townland', IPA:[ˈbˠalʲəˈɟɛhlʲiː]ⓘ) is a village and holiday resort in County Antrim, Northern Ireland which lies on the Antrim coast, approximately 3 miles (5 kilometres) north of Larne. It is also a townland of 769 acres (311 hectares) and is situated in the civil parish of Carncastle and the historic barony of Glenarm Upper. It had a population of 821 in the 2011 census.  It is located within the Mid and East Antrim Borough Council area.

Carncastle
Carncastle or Cairncastle (from Irish carn, meaning 'mound', and the English word "castle") is a small village and civil parish in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is near the town of Larne and inland from the village of Ballygally. It had a population of 66 people in the 2001 Census. Carncastle is part of the Mid and East Antrim Borough Council area.
Treaty of Madrid (1667)
The Treaty of Madrid, also known as the Earl of Sandwich's Treaty, was signed on 23 May, 1667 by England and Spain. It was one of a series of agreements made in response to French expansion under King Louis XIV.

The parties agreed to commercial terms allowing English merchants trading privileges within the Spanish Empire that remained in place until superseded by the Treaty of Utrecht in 1714. They undertook not to assist each other's enemies, and England also agreed to mediate an end to the 1640-1668 Portuguese Restoration War, which resulted in the 1668 Treaty of Lisbon between Spain and Portugal.

The issue of Spanish possessions captured by England in the Anglo-Spanish War (1654-1660) was settled by the 1670 Treaty of Madrid.

Treaty of Madrid (1670)
The Treaty of Madrid, also known as the Godolphin Treaty, was a treaty between England and Spain that was agreed to in July 1670 "for the settlement of all disputes in America". The treaty officially ended the war begun in 1654 in the Caribbean in which England had conquered Jamaica.

The 1670 Treaty of Madrid was highly favourable to England, as its adverse possession in the Caribbean Sea and the rest of the Americas was confirmed and made legal by Spain. Before 1670, Spain had exclusively regarded the Americas as Spanish territory with the exception of Brazil, which was Portuguese according to the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas that had confirmed Christopher Columbus' claim of the New World for Spain since 12 October 1494.
Ganjapa
Gånjåpā (Odia: ଗଞ୍ଜପା) are the traditional playing cards from the Indian state Odisha. It can also refer to the trick-taking card game that they are used for.
It is played with circular shaped Pattachitra painted cards. Originated in the 16th century, Ganjaku is a recreational game for male members of the Odia society, primarily villagers, kings and their courtmen. Ganjapa is played as "Chārirångi" (cards of 4 colors), "Āṭhårångi" (cards of 8 colors), "Dåsårångi" (cards of 10 colors), "Bārårångi" (cards of 12 colors), "Chåudårångi" (cards of 14 colors) and "Sohåḷårångi" (cards of 16 colors). The variation of this game influenced by Persian card game Ganjifeh is known as "Mughal Ganjifa". The game is popular in Puri and Ganjam district of Odisha. As a result of the relative isolation of Odisha in the past, Ganjapa developed very differently from the Ganjifa found in the rest of India. Odisha has by far the largest community of Ganjifa players and manufacturers.

Ganjifa
Ganjifa, Ganjapa or Gânjaphâ, is a card game and type of playing cards that are most associated with Persia and India. After Ganjifa cards fell out of use in Iran before the twentieth century, India became the last country to produce them. The form prevalent in Odisha is Ganjapa.
Joe Davis (footballer, born 1993)
Joseph Steven Davis (born 10 November 1993) is an English semi-professional footballer who plays as a centre back for Midland League Premier Division club Northwich Victoria.

Davis is son of professional manager Steve Davis and brother of Harry Davis. He came through the Port Vale Academy and played a minor role as the club secured promotion out of League Two in the 2012–13 season. He left Port Vale to join Leicester City in June 2014. He was loaned out to Fleetwood Town in October 2015 before joining the club permanently three months later. He re-signed with Port Vale in June 2017 and was loaned to York City in November 2018. He left Port Vale for Nantwich Town in March 2019 before retiring in June 2020 to pursue a career in the media. After five years away from the game, he signed with Northwich Victoria in June 2025.

Harry Davis (footballer, born 1991)
Harry Spencer Davis (born 24 September 1991) is an English professional footballer who plays as a centre back for National League North club AFC Fylde. Davis has previously played for Crewe Alexandra, St Mirren, Grimsby Town, Morecambe and Scunthorpe United. Early in his career, he was loaned by Crewe to Nantwich Town, Stafford Rangers and Curzon Ashton.
MBC 1 (Mauritian TV channel)
MBC 1 is a Mauritian free-to-air television channel of the Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation, the national state broadcaster. MBC 1 was launched as the first TV channel in the island country on 8 June 1964.

Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation
The Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) is the national state broadcaster of the Republic of Mauritius, that is the islands of Mauritius, Rodrigues, and Agaléga. The historical headquarters in Curepipe were relocated in Réduit, Moka. It also operates a station in Rodrigues. The MBC programmes are broadcast in 12 languages, notably French, Creole, English, Hindi, Urdu, Bhojpuri, Tamil, Telugu, Marathi, Mandarin/Cantonese, and Hakka. MBC provides 17 television channels in Mauritius, four in Rodrigues and two in Agaléga, as well as seven radio channels.
Anerley
Anerley (/ˈænərli/) is suburb of south east London, England, within the London Borough of Bromley. It is located 7 miles (11 km) south south-east of Charing Cross, to the south of Upper Norwood, west of Penge, north of Elmers End and east of South Norwood. The northern edge of Anerley contains part of the area commonly known as Crystal Palace, and the site of the ancient Vicar's Oak where the London boroughs of Bromley, Croydon, Lambeth and Southwark meet, with Lewisham 800 yards (740m) away.

Penge
Penge (/pɛndʒ/) is a suburb of South East London, England, now in the London Borough of Bromley, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) west of Bromley, 3.7 miles (6.0 km) north east of Croydon and 7.1 miles (11.4 km) south east of Charing Cross.
Video imprint (computer vision)
Proposed as an extension of image epitomes in the field of video content analysis, video imprint is obtained by recasting video contents into a fixed-sized tensor representation regardless of video resolution or duration. Specifically, statistical characteristics are retained to some degrees so that common video recognition tasks can be carried out directly on such imprints, e.g., event retrieval, temporal action localization. It is claimed that both spatio-temporal interdependences are accounted for and redundancies are mitigated during the computation of video imprints.

The option of computing video imprints exploiting the epitome model has the advantage of more flexible input feature formats and more efficient training stage for video content analysis.

Epitome (data processing)
An epitome, in data processing, is a condensed digital representation of the essential statistical properties of ordered datasets such as matrices that represent images, audio signals, videos or genetic sequences. Although much smaller than the data, the epitome contains many of its smaller overlapping parts with much less repetition and with some level of generalization. As such, it can be used in tasks such as data mining, machine learning and signal processing.

The first use of epitomic analysis was with image textures for the purposes of image parsing. Epitomes have also been used in video processing to replace, remove or superresolve imagery.

Epitomes are also being investigated as tools for vaccine design.
Strike-slip tectonics
Strike-slip tectonics or wrench tectonics is a type of tectonics that is dominated by lateral (horizontal) movements within the Earth's crust (and lithosphere). Where a zone of strike-slip tectonics forms the boundary between two tectonic plates, this is known as a transform or conservative plate boundary. Areas of strike-slip tectonics are characterised by particular deformation styles including: stepovers, Riedel shears, flower structures and strike-slip duplexes.  Where the displacement along a zone of strike-slip deviates from parallelism with the zone itself, the style becomes either transpressional or transtensional depending on the sense of deviation. Strike-slip tectonics is characteristic of several geological environments, including oceanic and continental transform faults, zones of oblique collision and the deforming foreland of zones of continental collision.

Transform fault
A transform fault or  transform boundary, is a fault along a plate boundary where the motion is predominantly horizontal. It ends abruptly where it connects to another plate boundary, either another transform, a spreading ridge, or a subduction zone. A transform fault is a special case of a strike-slip fault that also forms a plate boundary.

Most such faults are found in oceanic crust, where they accommodate the lateral offset between segments of divergent boundaries, forming a zigzag pattern. This results from oblique seafloor spreading where the direction of motion is not perpendicular to the trend of the overall divergent boundary. A smaller number of such faults are found on land, although these are generally better-known, such as the San Andreas Fault and North Anatolian Fault.
NBL1
The NBL1 is a semi-professional basketball league in Australia run by the National Basketball League (NBL). The league consists of five conferences: NBL1 South, NBL1 North, NBL1 Central, NBL1 West and NBL1 East, with each consisting of both men's and women's competitions. Each conference is run by their respective state governing body, with the league including 72 clubs from across every state and territory.

The NBL1 in 2019 was a single league and consisted of one conference. That conference would go on to become the South Conference in 2020 after the inclusion of the former Queensland Basketball League (QBL) and South Australian Premier League saw them become the new North and Central conferences. The league grew to four conferences in 2021 with the inclusion of the former WA State Basketball League (SBL) and then five conferences in 2022 with the inclusion of the former NSW Waratah League.

NBL1 South
NBL1 South is a semi-professional basketball league in Victoria and Tasmania, Australia, comprising both a men's and women's competition. In 2019, Basketball Victoria partnered with the National Basketball League (NBL) to create NBL1. NBL1 South was the lone conference in 2019, with North, Central, West and East joining over the proceeding three years. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the NBL1 South did not have a season in 2020 and only half a season in 2021.
Basque Country women's national rugby union team
Basque Country women's national rugby union team (Basque: Euskadiko emakumeen selekzioa) is the national and/or representative women's rugby union team of the Basque Country. It is organised by the Basque Rugby Federation and has been active since 1994–95. Unlike the men's team, the Basque Country women's team have only played a small number of international games. They regularly play friendlies against club and provincial teams.

Basque Country national rugby union team
Basque Country national rugby union team (Basque: Euskal Herriko errugbi selekzioa) is the national and/or representative rugby union team of the Basque Country. It is also sometimes referred to as the Basque Selection. They made their international debut on 14 May 1983 against Wales while the latter were on a tour of Spain. The Basque Country lost this game 3–24. Since 1985 the team has been organised by the Basque Rugby Federation.