hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Philadelphia Sports Complex
The South Philadelphia Sports Complex is the home of four prominent Philadelphia professional sports teams. The complex is located in South Philadelphia and is the site of Xfinity Mobile Arena, home arena for the Philadelphia 76ers, Philadelphia Flyers, and Philadelphia Wings, Lincoln Financial Field, home field for the Philadelphia Eagles, Citizens Bank Park, home field for the Philadelphia Phillies, and Stateside Live!, a sports retail and entertainment center, in addition to shared parking lots for the complex's venues.

Citizens Bank Park
Citizens Bank Park is a baseball stadium in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Home to Major League Baseball's Philadelphia Phillies, the stadium opened April 3, 2004.

The 42,901-seat ballpark was built to replace the 33-year-old Veterans Stadium, a multipurpose football and baseball facility that was demolished in 2004. Citizens Bank Park features a natural grass-and-dirt playing field and Philadelphia-style food stands that serve cheesesteak sandwiches, hoagies, Tastykakes, soft pretzels, Yards and Yuengling beer, and other regional specialties.

The ballpark is named after Citizens Bank, N.A.. It sits on the northeast corner of the South Philadelphia Sports Complex, which includes Lincoln Financial Field, Xfinity Mobile Arena, and Stateside Live!, a dining and entertainment venue which often serves as a media hub for various live broadcasts.
Magnesium oxide
Magnesium oxide (MgO), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide). It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg2+ ions and O2− ions held together by ionic bonding. Magnesium hydroxide forms in the presence of water (MgO + H2O → Mg(OH)2), but it can be reversed by heating it to remove moisture.

Magnesium oxide was historically known as magnesia alba (literally, the white mineral from Magnesia), to differentiate it from magnesia nigra, a black mineral containing what is now known as manganese.

Magnesium hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Mg(OH)2. It occurs in nature as the mineral brucite. It is a white solid with low solubility in water (Ksp = 5.61×10−12). Magnesium hydroxide is a common component of antacids, such as milk of magnesia.
Split of the Catholic University of Leuven
The Catholic University of Leuven was one of Belgium's major universities. It split along linguistic lines after a period of civil unrest in 1967–68 commonly known as the Leuven Affair (Affaire de Louvain) in French and Flemish Leuven (Leuven Vlaams), based on a contemporary slogan, in Dutch. The crisis shook Belgian politics and led to the fall of the government of Paul Vanden Boeynants. It marked an escalation of the linguistic tension in Belgium after World War II and had lasting consequences for other bilingual institutions in Belgium within higher education and politics alike. In 1970 the first of several state reforms occurred, marking the start of Belgium's transition to a federal state.

Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)
The Catholic University of Leuven or Louvain (French: Université catholique de Louvain, Dutch: Katholieke Hogeschool te Leuven, later Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven) was founded in 1834 in Mechelen as the Catholic University of Belgium, and moved its seat to the town of Leuven in 1835, changing its name to Catholic University of Leuven. In 1968, it was split into two universities, the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and the Université catholique de Louvain, following tensions between the Dutch and French-speaking student bodies.
Melissourgoi
Melissourgoi (Greek: Μελισσουργοί, Beekeepers) is a former community in the Arta regional unit, Epirus, in northwestern Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is a municipal unit of the Central Tzoumerka municipality. The municipal unit has an area of 35.510 km2, making it the smallest municipal unit in Central Tzoumerka. In 2021, it recorded a population of 264.

Central Tzoumerka
Central Tzoumerka (Greek: Κεντρικά Τζουμέρκα) is a municipality in the Arta regional unit, Epirus, Greece. The seat of the municipality is the village Vourgareli. The municipality has an area of 509.231 km2. The municipality is named after the Tzoumerka mountains.
Câmara de Lobos
Câmara de Lobos (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈkɐmɐɾɐ ðɨ ˈloβuʃ] ⓘ; lit. 'Chamber of Wolves' or 'Wolves' Chamber') is a municipality and town in the southern coast of the Portuguese island of Madeira, divided in 5 freguesias. A de facto suburb of the much larger capital city of Funchal, it is one of the larger population centres and an extension of the Funchal economy.

Funchal
Funchal (Portuguese pronunciation: [fũˈʃal] ⓘ), officially City of Funchal (Portuguese: Cidade do Funchal), is the capital, largest city and a municipality in Portugal's Autonomous Region of Madeira, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean. The city has a population of 105,795, making it the sixth largest city in Portugal. Because of its high cultural and historical value, Funchal is one of Portugal's main tourist attractions; it is also popular as a destination for New Year's Eve, and it is the leading Portuguese port on cruise liner dockings.
Swept wing
A swept wing is a wing angled either backward or occasionally forward from its root rather than perpendicular to the fuselage.

Swept wings have been flown since the pioneer days of aviation. Wing sweep at high speeds was first investigated in Germany as early as 1935 by Albert Betz and Adolph Busemann, finding application just before the end of the Second World War. It has the effect of delaying the shock waves and accompanying aerodynamic drag rise caused by fluid compressibility near the speed of sound, improving performance. Swept wings are therefore almost always used on jet aircraft designed to fly at these speeds.

The term "swept wing" is normally used to mean "swept back", but variants include forward sweep, variable sweep wings and oblique wings in which one side sweeps forward and the other back. The delta wing is also aerodynamically a form of swept wing.

Forward-swept wing
A forward-swept wing or reverse-swept wing is an aircraft wing configuration in which the quarter chord line of the wing, from root to tip, has a forward sweep. Typically, the leading edge also sweeps forward. Forward-swept wings allow aircraft to safely sustain higher attack angles, making them more maneuverable, but introduce other aerodynamic instabilities.

Research into forward-swept wings began in the early 20th century, continuing after World War II in a limited capacity.
Agent J
Agent J (usually called J), born James Darrell Edwards III, is one of the two protagonists of the Men in Black film series. Born October 19, 1965, Jay is an agent of the MIB, recruited by Agent K. He is energetic and tries to bring life and emotion back to the bland organization. He is portrayed by Will Smith in the Men in Black film franchise, as well as in the amusement park ride Men in Black: Alien Attack at Universal Studios Florida. He is voiced by Keith Diamond in the animated series.

Agent K
Agent K (usually called K), born Kevin Cunningham Brown, is a fictional character and one of the two main protagonists of the Men in Black franchise (the other being Agent J). Kay is portrayed by Tommy Lee Jones in the three films, with Josh Brolin portraying his younger self in the third film, and voiced by Ed O'Ross and Gregg Berger in the animated series. The film's trading card series and Men in Black: The Game give K's full name as Kevin Cunningham, a nod to Lowell Cunningham, the creator of the comic.
Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University
The Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University (Thai: คณะเวชศาสตร์เขตร้อน มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล) is the only faculty specialising in tropical medicine in Thailand. It operates the Mahidol Bangkok School of Tropical Medicine (Mahidol-BSTM) as the main teaching facility and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases for patient treatment.

Hospital for Tropical Diseases (Thailand)
The Hospital for Tropical Diseases (Thai: โรงพยาบาลเวชศาสตร์เขตร้อน) is a hospital in Ratchathewi District, Bangkok. It is a public hospital operated by the Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University. It specialises in tropical medicine and, since 2012, travel medicine. It is one of the two institutes in Thailand (and also the world) that offers a travel medicine residency program (the other is the Institute of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Public Health).
Jinny Osborn
Jinny Osborn (born Virginia Cole; April 25, 1927 – May 19, 2003) was an American popular music singer.  She founded the group the Chordettes with three friends in 1946, which became one of the longest-lasting American vocal groups of the mid-20th century.  Her final departure in 1961 led to the group's dissolution.

The Chordettes
The Chordettes were an American female vocal quartet, specializing in traditional pop music. They are best known for their 1950s hit singles "Mr. Sandman" and "Lollipop", both of which sold over a million copies.
Prophet-5
The Prophet-5 is an analog synthesizer manufactured by the American company Sequential. It was designed by Dave Smith and John Bowen in 1977. It was the first polyphonic synthesizer with fully programmable memory.

Before the Prophet-5, synthesizers required users to adjust controls to change sounds, with no guarantee of exactly recreating a sound. Sequential used microprocessors to allow users to recall sounds instantly rather than having to recreate them manually. The Prophet-5 facilitated a move from synthesizers creating unpredictable sounds to producing "a standard package of familiar sounds".: 385

The Prophet-5 became a market leader and was widely used in popular music and film soundtracks. In 1981, Sequential released a 10-voice, double-keyboard version, the Prophet-10. Sequential introduced new versions in 2020, and it has been emulated in software synthesizers and hardware. Sequential also released several further Prophet synthesizers, such as the Prophet '08.

Polyphony and monophony in instruments
Polyphony is a property of musical instruments that means that they can play multiple independent melody lines simultaneously. Instruments featuring polyphony are said to be polyphonic. Instruments that are not capable of polyphony are monophonic or paraphonic.

An intuitively understandable example for a polyphonic instrument is a (classical) piano, on which the player plays different melody lines with the left and the right hand - depending on music style and composition, these may be musically tightly interrelated or may even be totally unrelated to each other, like in parts of Jazz music. An example for monophonic instruments is a trumpet which can generate only one tone (frequency) at a time, except when played by extraordinary musicians.
Marshall Field
Marshall Field (August 18, 1834 – January 16, 1906) was an American entrepreneur and the founder of Marshall Field and Company, the Chicago-based department stores.  His business was renowned for its exceptional level of quality and customer service.

Field is also known for some of his philanthropic donations, providing funding for the Field Museum of Natural History and donating land for the campus of the University of Chicago.

Marshall Field's
Marshall Field & Company (colloquially Marshall Field's) was an American department store chain founded in 1852 by Potter Palmer. After joining the partnership in 1865, Marshall Field rose in Palmer's initial retail establishment and then developed it into a grand and innovative shopping destination in the late 1800s. It was based in Chicago, Illinois, and grew to become a large chain in the United States before Macy's, Inc. acquired it in 2005.

The company's flagship Marshall Field and Company Building on State Street in the Chicago Loop is a National Landmark for its importance in the history of retail. It was officially branded Macy's on State Street in 2006, when it became one of Macy's flagship stores but retains its historic nameplates and fixtures.
Titan Company
Titan Company Limited is an Indian fashion accessories company that mainly manufactures items such as jewellery, watches and eyewear. Part of the Tata Group and started as a joint venture with TIDCO, the company has its corporate headquarters in Electronic City, Bangalore, and registered office in Hosur, Tamil Nadu.

Titan Company commenced operations in 1984 under the name Titan Watches Limited. In 1994, Titan diversified into jewellery with Tanishq and subsequently into eyewear with Titan Eyeplus. In 2005, it launched its youth fashion accessories brand Fastrack. Titan is the largest branded jewellery maker in India by value, with a 6% market share as of 2022. More than 80% of its total revenue comes from the jewellery segment. As of 2019, it is also the fifth-largest watch manufacturer in the world.

Fastrack (brand)
Fastrack is an Indian fashion accessory brand, launched in 1998 as a sub-brand of Titan Watches. In 2005, Fastrack was spun off as an independent brand targeting the urban youth and growing fashion industry in India.
Fastrack began opening retail stores throughout the country. The first store was opened in early 2009.

Fastrack Entered the Affordable Smart Segment with the Launch of Reflex Beat+ in 2023

Fastrack now has presence across multiple categories, like eyewear, backpacks, watches and wearables.
Dorchester West railway station
Dorchester West is one of two railway stations that serve the town of Dorchester in Dorset, England, the other being Dorchester South. It is managed by Great Western Railway, which also operates all services that stop here. The station is located on the Heart of Wessex Line between Castle Cary and Weymouth, at the southern end of a single track section from Maiden Newton. It is sited 161.63 mi (260.12 km) from London Paddington, via Swindon and Westbury. The line becomes double at the station and remains so to just before nearby Dorchester Junction, where the line joins the South West Main Line from London Waterloo to Weymouth.

Dorchester South railway station
Dorchester South is one of two railway stations that serve the town of Dorchester in Dorset, England, the other is Dorchester West. The station is on the South West Main Line and is situated 135 miles 70 chains (218.7 km) down the line from London Waterloo, between Moreton and Upwey. The station is managed by South Western Railway, who operate all trains serving it.
Palm (unit)
The palm is an obsolete anthropic unit of length, originally based on the width of the human palm and then variously standardized. The same name is also used for a second, rather larger unit based on the length of the human hand.

The width of the palm was a traditional unit in Ancient Egypt, Israel, Greece, and Rome and in medieval England, where it was also known as the hand, handbreadth, or handsbreadth.

The length of the hand—originally the Roman "greater palm"—formed the palm of medieval Italy and France. In Spanish customary units palmo menor or coto was the palm, while palmo was the span, the distance between an outstretched thumb and little finger. In Portuguese palmo or palmo de craveira was the span.

Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement
Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement were used primarily by ancient Israelites and appear frequently within the Hebrew Bible as well as in later rabbinic writings, such as the Mishnah and Talmud. These units of measurement continue to be used in functions regulating Orthodox Jewish contemporary life, based on halacha. The specificity of some of the units used and which are encompassed under these systems of measurement (whether in linear distance, weight or volume of capacity) have given rise, in some instances, to disputes, owing to the discontinuation of their Hebrew names and their replacement by other names in modern usage.

Note: The listed measurements of this system range from the lowest to highest acceptable halakhic value, in terms of conversion to and from contemporary systems of measurement.
Menelaus
In Greek mythology, Menelaus (/ˌmɛnəˈleɪ.əs/; Ancient Greek: Μενέλαος, Menélaos) was a Greek king of Mycenaean (pre-Dorian) Sparta. According to the Iliad, the Trojan War began as a result of Menelaus's wife, Helen, fleeing to Troy with the Trojan prince Paris. Menelaus was a central figure in the Trojan War, leading the Spartan contingent of the Greek army, under his elder brother Agamemnon, king of Mycenae. Prominent in both the Iliad and Odyssey, Menelaus was also popular in Greek vase painting and Greek tragedy, the latter more as a hero of the Trojan War than as a member of the doomed House of Atreus.

Agamemnon
In Greek mythology, Agamemnon (/æɡəˈmɛmnɒn/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Ἀγαμέμνων Agamémnōn) was a king of Mycenae who commanded the Achaeans during the Trojan War. He was the son (or grandson) of King Atreus and Queen Aerope, the brother of Menelaus, the husband of Clytemnestra, and the father of Iphigenia, Iphianassa, Electra, Laodike, Orestes and Chrysothemis. Legends make him the king of Mycenae or Argos, thought to be different names for the same area. Agamemnon was killed upon his return from Troy by Clytemnestra, or in an older version of the story, by Clytemnestra's lover Aegisthus.
William Hull (artist)
William Hull (6 May 1820 – 15 March 1880) was an English watercolour landscape and still-life painter, illustrator and etcher, who exhibited at the Royal Academy in London. He was the brother of Edward Hull, another well known illustrator and painter.

Edward Hull (watercolourist)
Edward Hull (1823 – 3 February 1906) was a British illustrator and watercolourist who exhibited at the Royal Academy in London. He was the brother of William Hull, another well known illustrator and watercolour painter.
Eclaireuses et Eclaireurs israélites de France
The Éclaireuses et Éclaireurs israélites de France (EEIF, Jewish Guides and Scouts of France) is a Jewish Scouting and Guiding organization in France. It was founded in 1923 and serves about 4,000 members. The EEIF is a member of the Fédération du Scoutisme Français and of the International Forum of Jewish Scouts.

Scoutisme Français
The Fédération du Scoutisme Français (Federation of French Scouting) is an umbrella organization that combines the efforts of the several Scouting and Guiding associations in France and also represents the Scouting movement in French Guiana, Martinique, Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, New Caledonia, Réunion, Wallis and Futuna and Guadeloupe. Until 2012 the Muslim Scouts of France were presiding the Federation with Dr. Younès F. Aberkane as president.

The federation serves about 134,000 members (as of 2008) and is a member of both the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts and the World Organization of the Scout Movement.
Bergen, Limburg
Bergen (Dutch: [ˈbɛrɣə(n)] ⓘ; Limburgish: Baerge [ˈbɛːʀ(ə)ɣə]) is a municipality and village in the province of Limburg in the southeastern Netherlands. It is both on the national border with Germany and provincial border with North Brabant. The largest town and administrative centre is Nieuw-Bergen.

Nieuw-Bergen
Nieuw-Bergen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌniu ˈbɛrɣə(n)]; Limburgish: Ni-j-Berge [ˌnɪj ˈbæʀ(ə)ɣə]) is a town in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is a part of the municipality of Bergen (L.) and lies about 28 km north of Venlo. Nieuw-Bergen was officially founded on 9 July 1963 as the new settlement.

After the destruction of Bergen in 1944–1945, a new settlement was built further to the east. Construction started in 1955. In 1969, the town hall of the municipality was built in Nieuw Bergen. In 1975, a church was built. In 2015, a shopping mall was built with apartments and a distinct 25 metres (82 ft) high tower to give the village a landmark.

In 1988, two British Royal Air Force off-duty soldiers were killed in the town by a bomb attached to their car by Irish Republican Army (IRA).
Jewish polemics and apologetics in the Middle Ages
Jewish polemics and apologetics in the Middle Ages were texts written to protect and dissuade Jewish communities from conversion to Christianity, or more rarely to Islam. The terms polemics (from "battles") and apologetics (from "defence") may be distinguished but may also be considered somewhat subjective. A smaller number of proselytizing text also exists intended to convert Christians, or more rarely Muslims, to Judaism. However, the vast majority of Jewish polemical literature was written in response to Christian polemical writings and with a permanent reference to Christian arguments.

Proselytization and counter-proselytization of Jews
A number of religious groups, particularly Christians and Muslims, proselytize to Jews. In response, some Jewish groups have formed counter-missionary/counter-proselytization organizations to discourage missionary and messianic groups such as Jews for Jesus from using practices that they say are deceptive.
United States Air Force Thunderbirds
The USAF Air Demonstration Squadron is the air demonstration squadron of the United States Air Force. The Thunderbirds, as they are colloquially known, are assigned to the 57th Wing, and are based at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada. Created 73 years ago in 1953, the USAF Thunderbirds are the third-oldest formal flying aerobatic team (under the same name) in the world, after the French Air Force Patrouille de France formed in 1931 and the United States Navy Blue Angels formed in 1946.

The Thunderbirds Squadron tours the United States and much of the world, performing aerobatic formation and solo flying in specially marked aircraft. The squadron's name is taken from the creature that appears in the mythologies of several indigenous North American cultures.

57th Wing
The 57th Wing (57 WG) is an operational unit of the United States Air Force (USAF) Warfare Center, stationed at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada.

The 57 WG's mission is to provide well trained and well equipped combat forces ready to deploy into a combat arena to conduct integrated combat operations.
2019 Belgian federal election
Federal elections were held in Belgium on 26 May 2019, alongside the country's European and regional elections. All 150 members of the Chamber of Representatives were elected from eleven multi-member constituencies.

The far right-wing Vlaams Belang (VB) saw a resurgence in Flanders, and with the New Flemish Alliance (NVA), parties subscribing to Flemish separatism and nationalism obtained nearly 50% of the vote in Flanders. The Belgian coalition of N-VA, CD&V, MR and Open VLD lost more than a quarter of its seats, the worst government punishment in 20 years.

In addition, gains for the far-left Workers' Party of Belgium (PVDA-PTB), and the green Ecolo party in Wallonia occurred. Overall, traditional parties suffered losses in both regions.

2019 Belgian regional elections
The 2019 Belgian regional elections took place on Sunday 26 May, the same day as the 2019 European Parliament election as well as the Belgian federal election.

In the regional elections, new representatives were chosen for the Flemish Parliament, Walloon Parliament, Brussels Parliament and the Parliament of the German-speaking Community. The Parliament of the French Community was composed of all elected members of the Walloon Parliament (except German-speaking members) and 19 of the French-speaking members of the Brussels Parliament.

The elections followed the 2014 elections and were shortly after the 2018 local elections, which indicated voters' tendencies after an unusually long period of time without any elections in Belgium.
Aja Volkman
Aja Volkman (/ˈeɪʒə/ ⓘ; born March 4, 1980) is an American singer and songwriter, best known as the frontwoman of the indie rock band Nico Vega. She has also released an EP titled Egyptian as a duo with her then-husband Dan Reynolds (of Imagine Dragons) under the moniker Egyptian.

Dan Reynolds
Daniel Coulter Reynolds (born July 14, 1987) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, and record producer. He is the lead vocalist and a founding member of the pop rock band Imagine Dragons, which he formed in 2008. Born and raised in Las Vegas, Reynolds is a recipient of the Songwriters Hall of Fame Hal David Starlight Award.