hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Céline Ratsiraka
Céline Marthe Ratsiraka (née Velonjara; 30 January 1938 – 22 August 2025) was a Malagasy politician, political figure and wife of former President Didier Ratsiraka. She was the longest tenured First Lady of Madagascar in the country's history, having held the position from 1975 to 1993 and from 1997 until 2002. She was an influential figure within the ruling Association for the Rebirth of Madagascar (AREMA) from the 1970s to the 1990s, especially within the party's left-wing.

Didier Ratsiraka
Didier Ignace Ratsiraka (Malagasy: [raˈtsirəkə̥]; 4 November 1936 – 28 March 2021) was a Malagasy politician and naval officer who was the third president of Madagascar from 1975 to 1993 and the fifth from 1997 to 2002. At the time of his death, he was the longest-serving president of Madagascar.

He was first appointed president in 1975 by the military leadership, he was then reelected twice in 1982 and 1989.  While he lost to Albert Zafy in 1992, Ratsiraka returned to office after winning the 1997 election.  After the 2001 election, he and his opponent Marc Ravalomanana engaged in a lengthy standoff after the latter refused to participate in a runoff election; Ratsiraka eventually stepped down.
Arthur Frank Mathews
Arthur F. Mathews (October 1, 1860 – February 19, 1945) was an American Tonalist painter who was one of the founders of the American Arts and Crafts Movement. Trained as an architect and artist, he and his wife Lucia Kleinhans Mathews had a significant effect on the evolution of Californian art in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  His students include Granville Redmond, Xavier Martinez, Armin Hansen, Percy Gray, Gottardo Piazzoni, Ralph Stackpole, Mary Colter, Maynard Dixon, Rinaldo Cuneo and Francis McComas.

Armin Hansen
Armin Carl Hansen (1886–1957) was an American prominent painter of the en plein air school, and a native of San Francisco, best known for his marine canvases. His father Herman Wendelborg Hansen was also an artist of the American West. Armin Hansen studied at the California School of Design (now the San Francisco Art Institute), and in Europe. He achieved international recognition for his scenes depicting men and the sea off the northern coast of California. He was elected an Associate to the National Academy of Design in 1926 and an Academician in 1948.
Yale Initiative for the Interdisciplinary Study of Antisemitism
The Yale Initiative for the Interdisciplinary Study of Antisemitism (YIISA) was an academic center at Yale University. Founded in 2006, it was the first university-based center in North America dedicated to the study of antisemitism. Professor Charles A. Small was YIISA's inaugural director.

In 2011, Yale's decision to close YIISA sparked  protest from the American Jewish community. After YIISA's subsequent closure, Yale opened the Yale Program for the Study of Antisemitism under the direction of Professor Maurice Samuels.

Yale Program for the Study of Antisemitism
The Yale Program for the Study of Antisemitism (YPSA) is an interdisciplinary center at Yale University  devoted to the academic study of historical and contemporary antisemitism.  Housed within the Whitney Humanities Center, YPSA sponsors lectures and conferences, produces videos, and provides research grants to Yale faculty and students.  YPSA was founded in 2011 following the controversial closure of the Yale Initiative for the Interdisciplinary Study of Antisemitism. The current director of YPSA is Maurice Samuels, Betty Jane Anlyan Professor of French at Yale University.
Nikolai Andreevich Lebedev
Nikolai Andreevich Lebedev (Russian: Никола́й Андре́евич Ле́бедев; August 8, 1919 – January 8, 1982) was a Soviet mathematician who worked on complex function theory and geometric function theory. Jointly with Isaak Milin, he proved the Lebedev–Milin inequalities that were used in the proof of the Bieberbach conjecture.

Isaak Moiseevich Milin
Isaak Moiseevich Milin, (Исаак Моисеевич Милин); * February 16, 1919, Oster, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic – † November 17, 1992 Saint-Petersburg (former Leningrad), Russian Federation) was a prominent Soviet/Russian mathematician, doctor of science in physics and mathematics, senior researcher, specialist in Geometric Theory  of Functions   of a Complex Variable and Applied Mathematics, engineer-lieutenant-colonel at the Soviet Air Force.
Tomasz Korynt
Tomasz Korynt (born 27 October 1954) is a Polish former footballer who played as a forward. He spent the start of his career with teams in the Tricity area, starting his career with Lechia Gdańsk, before later playing for Arka Gdynia and Bałtyk Gdynia. In his later career, he spent time in France playing for Limoges, and in Austria with First Vienna, Favoritner AC and USC Seitenstetten. He is the son of Polish international Roman Korynt.

Roman Korynt
Roman Korynt (12 October 1929 – 15 July 2018) was a Polish footballer who played as a defender. Most of his career was spent with Lechia Gdańsk, spending over 15 years at the club. He also had short spells with Gedania Gdańsk, OWKS Lublin, and CWKS Warsaw. He received 32 caps for Poland between 1952 and 1959.
All-purpose lightweight individual carrying equipment
The all-purpose lightweight individual carrying equipment (ALICE) is a set of load-carrying equipment, adopted as United States Army Standard A on 17 January 1973. The ALICE system was developed from 1967 to 1972 in the LINCLOE (lightweight individual combat clothing and equipment) program, and was initially designated the M-1972 lightweight load-carrying equipment (LLCE), switching to the ALICE name shortly afterward.

ALICE replaced the M-1956 individual load-carrying equipment (ILCE) and M-1967 modernized load-carrying equipment (MLCE). In 1988, the individual integrated fighting system (IIFS) was introduced to compliment the ALICE pack and suspenders, mainly addressing center of gravity and storage space capability shortcomings. IIFS, however, was plagued by production quality control issues, and was only partially phased into service.

M-1956 load-carrying equipment
The M-1956 load-carrying equipment (LCE), also known as the individual load-carrying equipment (ILCE), was developed by the U.S. Army and first issued in the early 1960s. The M-1956 LCE was designed to replace the M-1945 Combat Pack, the M-1923 cartridge belt, the M-1936 pistol belt and the M-1937 BAR magazine belt. The M-1956 LCE was designed to be quickly configured, using no tools, to accommodate various mission and ammunition loads. The M-1956 LCE remained in service through the 1980s and set the standard for future United States military load-carrying equipment.
German submarine U-185
German submarine U-185 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built for service during World War II.

Under the command of Kapitänleutnant August Maus, she had some success against Allied aircraft in World War II.

Laid down on 1 July 1941 by DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen as yard number 1025, she was launched on 2 March 1942 and commissioned on 13 June. She suffered no casualties until her sinking by US carrier-borne aircraft on 24 August 1943 at 27°00′N 37°06′W﻿ / ﻿27.000°N 37.100°W﻿ / 27.000; -37.100. Twenty-nine of the crew were lost, as well as fourteen survivors from U-604 who were on board.

German submarine U-604
German submarine U-604 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 27 February 1941 by Blohm & Voss in Hamburg as yard number 580, launched on 16 November 1941 and commissioned on 8 January 1942 under Kapitänleutnant Horst Höltring (German Cross in Gold).
Standard Eight
The Standard Eight is a small car produced by the British Standard Motor Company from 1938 to 1959.

The car was originally launched in 1938 as the Flying Eight. After the Second World War the Flying range of Standards was dropped but an updated car called the 8 hp was re-introduced in 1945. In 1953 a completely new car, the Standard Eight was launched sharing virtually nothing with its predecessor. In 1959 the car was dropped to be replaced by the Triumph Herald, as the Standard brand was being phased out.

Triumph Herald
The Triumph Herald is a small two-door car introduced by Standard-Triumph of Coventry in 1959 and made through to 1971. The body design was by the Italian stylist Giovanni Michelotti, and the car was offered in saloon, convertible, coupé, estate and van models, with the latter marketed as the Triumph Courier.

Total Herald sales numbered well over half a million. The Triumph Vitesse, Spitfire and GT6 models are all based on modified Herald chassis and running gear with bolt-together bodies.
Sutton Park NNR
Sutton Park NNR is a large urban park located in Sutton Coldfield, Birmingham, West Midlands, England. The park is a National Nature Reserve; large parts are also a Scheduled Ancient Monument. Sutton Park is one of the largest urban parks in the United Kingdom. The park covers more than 2,200 acres (900 ha) according to one source. It consists of a mix of heathland, wetlands and marshes, seven lakes, extensive ancient woodlands (covering approximately a quarter of the park), several restaurants, a private 18-hole golf course on its western edge and a municipal golf course to the south, a donkey sanctuary (permanently closed), children's playgrounds and a Visitor Centre. There is no entrance charge to the Park (parking charges are under discussion). A wide range of leisure activities are undertaken in the park including dog walking, pony trekking, bike riding and kite flying and there are areas to fly model aeroplanes and helicopters. Additionally, a railway line runs through the park.

Sutton Park line
The Sutton Park line is a freight-only railway line running from Walsall to Castle Bromwich and Water Orton in the West Midlands, England. It is an important and strategic route, as it enables most freight trains to avoid congestion at Birmingham New Street station. It gets its name as it runs through Sutton Park at Sutton Coldfield, West Midlands.

Opened in 1879 as one of the Midland Railway branches around Walsall, the line carried passenger services until 1965.
Phạm Nhật Vượng
Phạm Nhật Vượng (Vietnamese pronunciation: [fâːm ɲʌ̂t vɯɤ̂ŋ], born 5 August 1968) is a Vietnamese property developer and Vietnam's first USD billionaire. He is the founder and chairman of Vingroup, the largest conglomerate in Vietnam. As of October 2025, Vượng has a net worth of $20.3 billion according to Forbes.

Vingroup
Vingroup JSC (Vietnamese: Tập đoàn Vingroup – Công ty CP, lit. 'Vingroup Group – JSC') is a private Vietnamese conglomerate owned by entrepreneur Phạm Nhật Vượng as the largest shareholder, and headquartered in Long Bien district, Hanoi. Vingroup is one of the largest conglomerates of Vietnam, focusing on technology, industry, real estate development, retail, and services from healthcare to hospitality. As of 2022, Vingroup's revenue and that of its subsidiaries accounted for nearly 1.1% of Vietnam's GDP⠀⠀

The company was founded in Ukraine in 1993 by property developer and entrepreneur Phạm Nhật Vượng as Technocom and originally produced food products.
Mallow (UK Parliament constituency)
Mallow was a United Kingdom Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one MP. It was an original constituency represented in Parliament when the Union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect on 1 January 1801. The constituency lasted until 1885 when it was absorbed into the North East Cork constituency.

Prior to the Union, the Mallow constituency had been represented in the Parliament of Ireland.

Mallow (Parliament of Ireland constituency)
Mallow was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons until 1800 and was incorporated by Charter of 1613, with a further charter of 1689. It was a manor borough, the franchise being vested in the freeholders of the manor and the returning officer its Seneschal. It was controlled by the Jephson family until the 1780s.
Mississippi State Guard
The Mississippi State Guard (MSSG) is the state defense force of Mississippi. It operates under the authority of the Mississippi Military Department alongside the Mississippi Army National Guard (MSARNG) and the Mississippi Air National Guard (MSANG).

Mississippi Air National Guard
The Mississippi Air National Guard (MS ANG), commonly known as the Mississippi Air Guard, is the aerial militia of the State of Mississippi, United States of America. It is a reserve of the United States Air Force and along with the Mississippi Army National Guard, an element of the Mississippi National Guard of the much larger United States National Guard Bureau.

As state militia units, the units in the Mississippi Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Mississippi though the office of the Mississippi Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States.  The Mississippi Air National Guard is headquartered in Jackson, and its commander is currently Major General Edward H. Evans, Jr.
Hvergelmir
Hvergelmir (Old Norse "bubbling boiling spring") is an important primal wellspring in Norse mythology. Hvergelmir is attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and the Prose Edda, written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson. In the Poetic Edda, Hvergelmir is mentioned in a single stanza, which details that it is the location where liquid from the antlers of the stag Eikþyrnir flow, and that the spring, "whence all waters rise", is the source of numerous rivers. The Prose Edda repeats this information and adds that the spring is located in Niflheim, that it is one of the three major springs at the primary roots of the cosmic tree Yggdrasil (the other two are Urðarbrunnr and Mímisbrunnr), and that within the spring are a vast amount of snakes and the dragon Níðhöggr.

Urðarbrunnr
Urðarbrunnr (Old Norse "Wellspring of Urðr"; either referring to a Germanic concept of fate—urðr—or the norn named Urðr) is a spring or well in Norse mythology. Urðarbrunnr is attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and the Prose Edda, written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson. In both sources, the wellspring lies beneath the world tree Yggdrasil, and is associated with a trio of norns  (Urðr, Verðandi, and Skuld). In the Prose Edda, Urðarbrunnr is cited as one of three wellsprings existing beneath three roots of Yggdrasil that reach into three distant, different lands; the other two wellsprings being Hvergelmir, located beneath a root in Niflheim, and Mímisbrunnr, located beneath a root near the home of the frost jötnar. Scholarly theory and speculation surrounds the wellspring.
Sperlonga
Sperlonga (locally Spelonghe) is a coastal town in the province of Latina, Italy, about halfway between Rome and Naples. It is best known for the ancient Roman sea grotto discovered in the grounds of the Villa of Tiberius containing the important and spectacular Sperlonga sculptures, which are displayed in a museum on the site.

Surrounding towns include Terracina to the West, Fondi to the North, Itri to the North-East, and Gaeta to the East. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Gaeta
Gaeta (Italian: [ɡaˈeːta]; Latin: Cāiēta; Southern Laziale: Gaieta) is a seaside resort in the province of Latina in Lazio, Italy. Set on a promontory stretching towards the Gulf of Gaeta, it is 133 km (83 mi) south of Rome and 96.5 km (60 mi) north of Naples.

The city has played a conspicuous part in military history; its walls date to Roman times and were extended and strengthened in the 15th century, especially throughout the history of the Kingdom of Naples (later the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies).

Present-day Gaeta is a fishing port and a seaside resort. NATO has a naval base here. In 2025, it received the blue and green flags from FEE for the twelfth consecutive year. It is one of the I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Hermann Joseph von Steinfeld
Hermann Joseph, (c. 1150 – 7 April 1241) was a German Premonstratensian canon regular and mystic. Never formally canonized, in 1958 his status as a saint of the Roman Catholic Church was formally recognized by Pope Pius XII.

Premonstratensians
The Order of Canons Regular of Prémontré (Latin: Candidus et Canonicus Ordo Praemonstratensis), also known as the Premonstratensians, the Norbertines and, in Britain and Ireland, as the White Canons (from the colour of their habit), is a religious order of canons regular in the Catholic Church. They were founded in Prémontré near Laon in 1120 by Norbert of Xanten, who later became Archbishop of Magdeburg. Premonstratensians are designated by O.Praem (Ordo Praemonstratensis) following their name. They are part of the Augustinian tradition.

Norbert was a friend of Bernard of Clairvaux and was largely influenced by the Cistercian ideals as to both the manner of life and the government of his order. As the Premonstratensians are not monks but canons regular, their work often involves preaching and the exercising of pastoral ministry; they frequently serve in parishes close to their abbeys or priories.
Tayfun (missile)
Tayfun (Typhoon) is a Short-range ballistic missile and Medium-range ballistic missile family developed on the basis of the Bora (missile) by Turkish state-owned Roketsan. It is Turkey's first missile of its kind. Turkey accidentally revealed the Typhoon during a test launch on October 20, 2022.

Tayfun Block 4, a new and more advanced version of Tayfun, was introduced to the media on 23 July 2025.

Bora (missile)
The Bora is a tactical ballistic missile developed based on the Chinese B-611 and, like the J-600T Yıldırım, is a derivative of the missile development program of China and Turkey. It has 610 mm diameter, a length of 8.0 m, a total weight of 2500 kg with a minimum range of 80 km and maximum range of 280 km. Its export version is called Khan.
Adelaide Strikers
The Adelaide Strikers are an Australian men's professional franchise cricket team, competing in Australia's domestic Twenty20 (T20) cricket competition, the Big Bash League (BBL). Based in Adelaide, South Australia, their home ground is the Adelaide Oval, and they play in a cornflower blue uniform. The Strikers were formed in 2011 to play in the BBL, succeeding the South Australia cricket team, who played in the now-defunct KFC Twenty20 Big Bash competition. Since the inaugural  BBL |01, the Strikers' sole title came in  BBL |07.

South Australia cricket team
The South Australia men's cricket team is an Australian men's professional first-class cricket team based in the state of South Australia. South Australia play their home matches at Adelaide Oval and Karen Rolton Oval, they are the state cricket team for South Australia representing the state in the Sheffield Shield competition and the limited overs One-Day Cup. The team is selected and supported by the South Australian Cricket Association (SACA).

The team's One-Day Cup uniform features a red body with gold and blue elements, the state's colours. They were known as the Southern Redbacks from 1995 to 2024, and officially competed under the West End Redbacks moniker from 1996 to 2024 due to a sponsorship agreement with West End. The Redbacks formerly competed in the now-defunct KFC Twenty20 Big Bash, but were succeeded by the Adelaide Strikers in 2011 because this league was replaced with the Big Bash League.
Barry Class
Barry Class is an entrepreneur, former music store chain owner, band manager, record label founder, musical director, producer and recording studio owner. His greatest success as a manager was with the soul group The Foundations. He also managed the group The World of Oz, Swegas and others.

The Foundations
The Foundations were a British soul band who were primarily active between 1967 and 1970. The group's background was West Indian, White British and Sri Lankan. Their 1967 debut single "Baby Now That I've Found You" reached number one in the UK and Canada, and number eleven in the US. Their 1968 single "Build Me Up Buttercup" reached number two in the UK and number three on the US Billboard Hot 100. The group was the first multi-racial group to have a number one hit in the UK in the 1960s.

The Foundations were one of the few British acts to imitate successfully what became known as the Motown Sound. The Foundations signed to Pye, at the time one of only four big UK record companies (the others being EMI, which included the His Master's Voice, Columbia and Parlophone labels, Decca, and Philips, which also owned Fontana).
Quesnel, British Columbia
Quesnel (/kwəˈnɛl/) is a city in the Cariboo Regional District of British Columbia, Canada. Located nearly evenly between the cities of Prince George and Williams Lake, it is on the main route to northern British Columbia and the Yukon. Quesnel is located at the confluence of the Fraser River and Quesnel River. As of 2021, Quesnel's metropolitan area (census agglomeration) had a population of 23,113 making it one of the largest urban centres between Prince George and Kamloops.

Quesnel is a sister city to Shiraoi, Japan. Quesnel hosted the 2000 BC Winter Games, a biennial provincial amateur sports competition. To the east of Quesnel is Wells, Barkerville, and Bowron Lake Provincial Park, a popular canoeing destination in the Cariboo Mountains.

Bowron Lake Provincial Park
Bowron Lake Provincial Park is a wilderness provincial park located in east-central British Columbia, Canada, near the border with Alberta. It is  117 km (73 mi) east of the city of Quesnel. Other nearby towns include Wells and the historic destination of Barkerville. Once a popular hunting and fishing destination, today the park is protected and known for its abundant wildlife, rugged glaciated mountains, and freshwater lakes.

The park's standout attraction is the 116 km (72 mi) recreational paddling circuit through the Cariboo Mountains, which connects a majority of the park's lakes via waterways and short portages, and has been named by Outside magazine as one of the top ten canoe trips in the world. The park is open to a limited number of canoes and kayaks each year from May 15 to September 29.
Lamar Cardinals and Lady Cardinals
The Lamar Cardinals and Lady Cardinals (variously Cardinals or Cards) refers to the college athletics teams of Lamar University, in Beaumont, Texas. The Cardinals and Lady Cardinals teams compete in seventeen NCAA Division I sports as a member of the Southland Conference. The Cardinals rejoined the Southland after spending the 2021–22 athletic year in the Western Athletic Conference (WAC).

Lamar University
Lamar University (Lamar or LU) is a public university in Beaumont, Texas, United States. Lamar has been a member of the Texas State University System since 1995. It was the flagship institution of the former Lamar University System. As of the fall of 2024, the university enrollment was 17,850 students. Lamar University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools and named for Mirabeau B. Lamar, the second president of the Republic of Texas.

The university campus has an urban setting and the core campus of LU is 299-plus acres. LU is organized into five undergraduate colleges, one graduate college and an honors college.