hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dahn
Dahn (German pronunciation: [daːn] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Südwestpfalz district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated in the Palatinate Forest, approximately 15 km southeast of Pirmasens, and 25 km west of Landau. It is part of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") of Dahner Felsenland.

Dahner Felsenland
The Dahner Felsenland, also referred to as the Dahn Rockland, is a landscape in the county of Südwestpfalz in the German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is located in the middle section of the Wasgau, which in turn forms the southern part of the Palatine Forest and the northern part of the Vosges in France. The Dahner Felsenland has numerous rock formations within the  South Palatinate Climbing Area (Klettergebiet Südpfalz).
Nunatta Qitornai
Nunatta Qitornai (Danish: Vort lands efterkommere, English: Descendants of Our Land) was a separatist political party in Greenland advocating independence. It was founded in September 2017 by former Minister of Business, Labour, Trade and Foreign Affairs Vittus Qujaukitsoq, who had previously been in Siumut and who was subsequently elected in the 2018 parliamentary election. In the 2021 election, the party lost its seat and ceased its activities. In the 2025 election, the party's erstwhile leader Qujaukitsoq was a candidate for the pro-independence party Naleraq.

Greenlandic independence
Greenlandic independence (Greenlandic: Namminersulivinneq) is a nationalist political ambition of most political parties (such as Siumut, Inuit Ataqatigiit, Naleraq, and Nunatta Qitornai), advocacy groups, and individuals of Greenland, an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, to become an independent sovereign state.
Track spikes
Track spikes, or just spikes, are a type of footwear featuring protruding spikes on the soles used by athletes when racing on the track. Some spikes are designed for longer-term training on tracks, but generally the shoes are used for racing. The term "spikes" can also refer to track shoes featuring such protrusions, though these are technically called pins. Spikes are similar to studs, which are used for team sports, although generally smaller and with a sharp point.

Cleat (shoe)
Cleats or studs are protrusions on the sole of a shoe or on an external attachment to a shoe that provide additional traction on a soft or slippery surface. They can be conical or blade-like in shape and can be made of plastic, rubber or metal. The type worn depends on the environment of play: grass, ice, artificial turf, or other grounds.

In American English, the term "cleats" is used synecdochically to refer to shoes featuring such protrusions.

In Commonwealth English the correct term for shoes with studs is usually boots, especially when referring to football sports (e.g Football boots).
Island Corridor Foundation
The Island Corridor Foundation (ICF) is a Canadian non-profit that owns former Canadian Pacific, RailAmerica, and Esquimalt & Nanaimo Railway (E&N) track on Vancouver Island in British Columbia.  The foundation was created in 2003 and gained the first track in 2006 when Canadian Pacific donated its portion of the line to ICF. Later that year, RailAmerica also donated its portion to the foundation, leaving ICF in control of the entire existing right of way. Southern Railway of British Columbia, part of the Washington Companies, was selected in 2006 as the exclusive operator on the track using the name Southern Railway of Vancouver Island. SRVI operated the freight trains and Via Rail's Victoria – Courtenay train.

The Island Corridor Foundation is a partnership of the various local governments and First Nations communities along the railway, including 14 municipalities, 5 regional districts and 12 First Nations territories.

Island Rail Corridor
The Island Corridor, previously the Esquimalt & Nanaimo Railway (E&N Railway), is a railway operation on Vancouver Island. It is owned by the Island Corridor Foundation, a registered charity. The railway line is 225 kilometres (140 mi) in length from Victoria to Courtenay, known as the Victoria Subdivision, with a branch line from Parksville to Port Alberni, known as the Port Alberni Subdivision, of 64 kilometres (40 mi), for a total 289 kilometres (180 mi) of mainline track. In 2006, the Island Corridor Foundation acquired the railway's ownership from RailAmerica and Canadian Pacific Railway.

Passenger service has been "temporarily suspended" since 2011 due to poor infrastructure condition that resulted from deferred maintenance.
Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR
Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR (Russian: «Готов к труду и обороне СССР» Gotov k trudu i oborone SSSR), abbreviated as GTO (Russian: ГТО) was the All-Union physical culture training programme, introduced in the USSR on March 11, 1931 on the initiative of the Komsomol. It was a complement to the Unified Sports Classification System of the USSR. While the latter provided Soviet physical education system requirements only for athletes, GTO was a programme for all Soviet people of almost all ages. By the year 1976, 220 million people were awarded GTO badges, while in 1986 the tests were passed by 33.9 million people.

It was restored in modern Russian Federation by Vladimir Putin under the same name in 2014.

Unified Sports Classification System of Russia
Unified All-Russian Sports Classification (Russian: Единая всероссийская спортивная классификация) is a system which regulates the Russian physical education system requirements for both athletes and coaches.
Big Die-Up
In the Big Die-Up (or Great Die-Up), hundreds of thousands of cattle on the Great Plains of the United States died during the unusually cold and snowy winters of 1885–1886 and 1886–1887. Many ranchers were bankrupted as a result and the era of the open range in which cattle roamed unfenced on the plains began its decline.

Open range
In the Western United States and Canada, open range is rangeland where cattle roam freely regardless of land ownership. Where there are "open range" laws, those wanting to keep animals off their property must erect a fence to keep animals out; this applies to public roads as well.  Land in open range that is designated as part of a  "herd district" reverses liabilities, requiring an animal's owner to fence it in or otherwise keep it on the person's own property.  Most eastern states and jurisdictions in Canada require owners to fence in or herd their livestock.
JXL082
JXL082, or JXL-082, is a drug acting as a mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) inhibitor which was synthesized towards the aim of developing a treatment for hair loss. It is related to other drugs in the same series such as PP405, JXL069, and UK-5099 (JXL001). The drug is known to have been sold online in a grey market fashion for treatment of hair loss. It has been mistakenly believed to be PP405, but PP405 is said not to be JXL082. JXL082 was first described in the scientific literature by 2019.

UK-5099
UK-5099, also known as JXL001 or as 2-cyano-3-(1-phenylindol-3-yl)acrylate (2-CPIYA), is a mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) inhibitor. It has been found to promote hair growth when administered topically to the skin in rodents. The drug was first described in the scientific literature by at least 1975. Analogues of UK-5099 like JXL069, JXL082, and PP405 have been developed.
Sitar
The sitar (English:  /ˈsɪtɑːr/ or /sɪˈtɑːr/; IAST: sitāra) is a plucked stringed instrument, originating from the Indian subcontinent, used in Hindustani classical music. The instrument was invented in the 18th century, and arrived at its present form in 19th-century India. Khusrau Khan, an 18th-century figure of the Mughal Empire, has been identified by modern scholarship as the inventor of the sitar. According to most historians, he developed the sitar from the setar, an Iranian instrument of Abbasid or Safavid origin.

Used widely throughout the Indian subcontinent, the sitar became popularly known in the wider world through the works of Ravi Shankar, beginning in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The advent of psychedelic culture during the mid-to-late 1960s set a trend for the use of the sitar in Western popular music, with the instrument appearing on tracks by bands such as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Metallica and many others.

Sitar in Western popular music
The use of the sitar in Western popular music arose in the 1960s due to experimentation by various rock bands such as The Beatles, The Kinks, and The Rolling Stones, While the sitar had earlier been used in jazz and Indian film music, it was from the 1960s onwards that various pop artists in the Western world began to experiment with incorporating the sitar, a classical Indian stringed instrument, within their compositions. The introduction of the sitar into popular music exposed many Westerners to Indian musical traditions.
Cuney Homes
Cuney Homes is a public housing complex in the Third Ward area of Houston, Texas. It is operated by the Houston Housing Authority (HHA), and was the first complex opened by the authority.

As of 2017 there were nearly 600 people living there. Some were students at area universities, Texas Southern University (TSU) and the University of Houston (UH), seeking affordable accommodations. It is named after Norris Wright Cuney, a Texas politician who assisted African-Americans during the Reconstruction.

The complex is nicknamed "The Bricks" and residents are known as "brickboys".

Cuney Homes has 564 total units that are made up of:

224 one bedroom units

229 two bedroom units

81 three bedroom units

45 four bedroom units

Houston Housing Authority
Houston Housing Authority (HHA), formerly Housing Authority of the City of Houston (HACH), is the public housing authority in Houston, Texas.

The Mayor of Houston appoints the board of directors of the HHA, but it itself is not a department of the city government. Most of its funding originates from the Federal Government of the United States. In 2002 Mike Snyder of the Houston Chronicle wrote that the HHA had "considerable autonomy" and often operated at a "distance" from the city authorities, making it "far more independent" from municipal authority than the actual City of Houston Department of Housing and Community Development.
Sinbyeong
Sinbyeong or shinbyong or shinbyeong, also called "self-loss", is the possession from a god that a chosen mu (shaman) goes through in the Korean shamanic tradition. It is said to be accompanied by physical pain and psychosis. Believers would assert that the physical and mental symptoms are not subject to medical treatment, but may only be cured through acceptance of and full communion with the spirit.

The illness is characterized by a loss of appetite, insomnia, visual and auditory hallucinations. A ritual called a naerim-gut cures this illness, which also serves to induct the new shaman-priest.

Mu (shaman)
Mu (Korean: 무) is the Korean term for a shaman in Korean shamanism. Korean shamans hold rituals called gut for the welfare of the individuals and society.

In modern Korea different terms are used to define shamans, including mudang (mostly for females), baksu (only for males), tangol (for hereditary shamans), and musogin ("people who do shamanism", used in the context of organised shamanism).
Thiel Capital
Thiel Capital is an American company described as a family office, venture capital firm or an investment firm, founded by Peter Thiel. In a 2023 article, Barron's described Thiel Capital as the venture capital arm of Thiel's family trust office Rivendell Trust. It was formed in 2011 and is based in Los Angeles. 
Thiel Capital provides "strategic and operational support" for many of Peter Thiel's initiatives and ventures. Thiel Capital has incubated several major investment firms—Founders Fund, Mithril, and Valar Ventures—as well as other business and philanthropic initiatives like the Thiel Fellowship and Breakout Labs.

Valar Ventures
Valar Ventures is a US-based venture capital fund founded by Andrew McCormack, James Fitzgerald and Peter Thiel in 2010. Historically, the majority of the firm's investments have been in technology startups based outside of Silicon Valley, including in Europe, the UK, the US and Canada. Valar Ventures originally spun out of Thiel Capital, Peter Thiel's global parent company based in San Francisco, and is now headquartered near Madison Square in Manhattan. The firm's namesake is the Valar of J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, who are god-like immortal spirits that chose to enter the mortal world to prepare it for their living creations. Andrew McCormack and James Fitzgerald are the managing partners of the firm.
Wuchiapingian
In the geologic timescale, the Wuchiapingian or Wujiapingian (from Chinese: 吴家坪; pinyin: Wújiāpíng; lit. 'Wu Family Flatland' in the Liangshan area of Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province 33°03′59″N 107°01′24″E﻿ / ﻿33.0664°N 107.0232°E﻿ / 33.0664; 107.0232) is an age or stage of the Permian. It is also the lower or earlier of two subdivisions of the Lopingian Epoch or Series. The Wuchiapingian spans the time between 259.51 and 254.14 million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Capitanian and followed by the Changhsingian.

Regional stages with which the Wuchiapingian is coeval or overlaps include the Djulfian or Dzhulfian, Longtanian, Rustlerian, Saladoan, and Castilian.

Changhsingian
In the geologic time scale, the Changhsingian or Changxingian is the latest age or uppermost stage of the Permian period and the Paleozoic era as a whole. It is also the upper or latest of two subdivisions of the Lopingian Epoch or Series. The Changhsingian lasted from 254.14 to 251.902 Ma ago. It is preceded by the Wuchiapingian age/stage and is followed by the Induan age/stage (Early Triassic epoch).

The greatest mass extinction in the Phanerozoic eon, the Permian–Triassic extinction event, occurred around the end of this age.
Jayavarman (Chandela dynasty)
Jayavarman (reigned c. 1110–1120 CE) was a king of the Chandela dynasty of India. He succeeded his father Sallakshana-Varman as the ruler of the Jejakabhukti region (Bundelkhand in present-day Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh). The Chandela descriptions contain only vague eulogies of him, so little historical information is known about his reign. He abdicated the throne in favour of his uncle Prithvi-Varman.

Prithvivarman
Prithvi-Varman  (IAST: Pṛthvīvarman; reigned c. 1120–1128 CE) was a king of the Chandela dynasty of India. He succeeded his nephew Jayavarman as the ruler of the Jejakabhukti region (Bundelkhand in present-day Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh).
Recode
Recode (stylized as recode; formerly Re/code) was a technology news website that focused on the business of Silicon Valley. Walt Mossberg and Kara Swisher founded it in January 2014, after they left Dow Jones and the similar website they had previously co-founded, All Things Digital. Vox Media acquired Recode in May 2015 and, in May 2019, the Recode website was integrated into Vox. On March 6, 2023, Vox media announced that in order to make the various Vox sub brands less confusing to its readers, it was retiring Recode brand but would continue its mission to explain complex issues around technology to its readers under the unified Vox brand.

Vox (website)
Vox (from Latin  vōx 'voice') is an American news and opinion website owned by Vox Media. The website was founded in April 2014 by Ezra Klein, Matt Yglesias, and Melissa Bell, and is noted for its concept of explanatory journalism. Vox's media presence also includes a YouTube channel, several podcasts, and a show presented on Netflix. Vox has been described as left-leaning and liberal.
Dial Post
Dial Post is a village in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. The civil parish, where the lowest level political meetings are held, is West Grinstead in the north-east - its biggest settlement is 2 miles (3.2 km) east at Partridge Green. It has a population of around 100 based on the average headcount per inhabited dwelling.  In 2001 the population of the civil parish as a whole was 2,934

West Grinstead
West Grinstead (/ˈɡrɪnstɛd, -stɪd/) is a village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. It lies just off the B2135 road four miles (6.3 km) northwest from Henfield. It is within the ancient division of the Rape of Bramber. 
The western River Adur flows through the village.

The parish of West Grinstead covers an area of 2584 hectares (6382 acres) and consists of the villages of West Grinstead, Littleworth, Partridge Green and Dial Post. In the 2001 census 2934 people lived in 1099 households, of whom 1547 were economically active. At the 2011 Census the population was 3,054

The village should not be confused with the much larger town of East Grinstead which lies 17.5 miles (28 km) to the north-east.
World Chess Championship 1984–1985
The World Chess Championship 1984–1985 was a match between challenger Garry Kasparov and defending champion Anatoly Karpov at the Pillar Hall of House of the Unions, Moscow, from 10 September 1984 to 15 February 1985 for the World Chess Championship title. After 5 months and 48 games, the match was called off, with Karpov leading 5 to 3, and 40 draws. The match was replayed in the World Chess Championship 1985.

World Chess Championship 1985
The 1985 World Chess Championship was played between Anatoly Karpov and Garry Kasparov in Moscow, Soviet Union from September 3 to November 9, 1985. Kasparov won, to become the thirteenth and the then youngest world champion at the age of 22.
Oranga Tamariki (Repeal of Section 7AA) Amendment Act 2025
The Oranga Tamariki (Repeal of Section 7AA) Amendment Act 2025 is a New Zealand Act of Parliament that repeals Section 7aa of the Oranga Tamariki Act 1989. Introduced by the Sixth Labour Government, Section 7aa had required Oranga Tamariki (the Ministry of Children) to focus on reducing disparities for Māori children and young people, take into account Māori whakapapa (genealogy) and family ties when uplifting children, and partner with iwi (tribes) and Māori organisations. Following the 2023 New Zealand general election, the Sixth National Government committed to repealing Section 7AA as part of the ACT party's coalition agreement with the National Party. The repeal legislation passed into law on 3 April 2025.

Oranga Tamariki Act 1989
The Oranga Tamariki Act 1989 or Children's and Young People's Well-being Act 1989 (titled the Children, Young Persons, and Their Families Act 1989 prior to 14 July 2017) is an Act of the New Zealand Parliament that was passed in 1989. The Act's main purpose is to "promote the well-being of children, young persons, and their families and family groups." In June 2017, the New Zealand Parliament passed amendment legislation renaming the bill the Oranga Tamariki Act 1989.
Granite Peak Installation
The Granite Peak Installation (GPI) — also known as Granite Peak Range — was a U.S. biological weapons testing facility located on 250 square miles (650 km2) of Dugway Proving Ground in Utah. The GPI was a sub-installation of Dugway but had its own facilities, including utilities. Established in 1943, GPI was deactivated with the end of World War II.

Dugway Proving Ground
Dugway Proving Ground (DPG) is a United States Army facility established in 1942 to test biological and chemical weapons, located about 85 miles (137 km) southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah, and 13 miles (21 km) south of the 2,624-square-mile (6,800 km2) Utah Test and Training Range.
Three Notch'd Road
Three Notch'd Road (also called Three Chopt Road) was a colonial-era major east-west route across central Virginia. It is believed to have taken its name from a distinctive marking of three notches cut into trees to blaze the trail. By the 1730s, the trail extended from the vicinity of the fall line of the James River at the future site of Richmond westerly to the Shenandoah Valley, crossing the Blue Ridge Mountains at Jarmans Gap. In modern times, a large portion of U.S. Route 250 in Virginia follows the historic path of the Three Notch'd Road, as does nearby Interstate 64.

Interstate 64 in Virginia
Interstate 64 (I-64) in the US state of Virginia runs east–west through the middle of the state from West Virginia to the Hampton Roads region, for a total of 299 miles (481 km). From the West Virginia state line to Chesapeake, it passes through the major cities of Lexington, Staunton, Charlottesville, the state capital of Richmond, Newport News, Hampton, and Norfolk. It is notable for crossing the mouth of the harbor of Hampton Roads on the Hampton Roads Bridge–Tunnel (HRBT), the first bridge–tunnel to incorporate artificial islands, concurrent with U.S. Route 60 (US 60). Also noteworthy is a section through Rockfish Gap, a wind gap in the Blue Ridge Mountains, which was equipped with an innovative system of airport-style runway lighting embedded into the pavement to aid motorists during periods of poor visibility due to fog or other conditions.
HP-12C
The HP-12C is a financial calculator made by Hewlett-Packard (HP) and its successor HP Inc. as part of the HP Voyager series, introduced in 1981. It is HP's longest and best-selling product and is considered the de facto standard among financial professionals. There have been multiple revisions over the years, with newer revisions moving to an ARM processor running a software emulator of the original Nut processor. Critics claim that its 1980s technology is antiquated, but proponents point out that it is still the de facto and de jure standard in finance.

HP Voyager
The Hewlett-Packard Voyager series of calculators were introduced by Hewlett-Packard in 1981. All members of this series are programmable, use Reverse Polish Notation, and feature continuous memory. Nearly identical in appearance, each model provided different capabilities and was aimed at different user markets.
John Tuomey
John Tuomey FRIAI FRIBA, Hon FAIA Hon RSUA (born 1954) is an Irish architect. He is a member of Aosdána, an Irish association of artists, and is best known for his work with his wife Sheila O'Donnell in the O'Donnell & Tuomey firm (founded 1988).

Sheila O'Donnell
Sheila O'Donnell (born 1953) is an Irish architect who co-founded the O'Donnell & Tuomey partnership in 1988. Her work has been cited as "thoughtful and inspired, rigorous and whimsical" by her Honorary Fellowship sponsor.
Ampulex
Ampulex is a large cosmopolitan genus of wasps belonging to the family Ampulicidae. Most of the >130 species occur in the tropics, particularly in the Old World, and fewer than 15 are known from the New World; fewer than 5 species are native to Europe or the United States, though the Old World species Ampulex compressa has spread to virtually everywhere that its host roaches (esp. the genus Periplaneta) can be found. The few species whose biology is known are parasitoids of cockroaches; they typically inject venom into the roach that subdues or immobilizes it, and then lay one to two eggs between the legs of the defenseless roach.

Emerald cockroach wasp
The emerald cockroach wasp or jewel wasp (Ampulex compressa) is a  solitary wasp of the family Ampulicidae. It is known for its unusual reproductive behavior, which involves stinging a cockroach and using it as a host for its larvae. It thus belongs to the entomophagous parasites.
Bob Mould
Robert Arthur Mould (born October 16, 1960) is an American musician, principally known for his work as guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter for alternative rock bands Hüsker Dü in the 1980s and Sugar in the 1990s.

Sugar (American band)
Sugar are an American alternative rock band. Originally active between 1992 and early 1995, they are led by the singer and guitarist Bob Mould (ex-Hüsker Dü), alongside bassist David Barbe (ex-Mercyland) and drummer Malcolm Travis (ex-Human Sexual Response). Following thirty years of inactivity, the band reformed in October 2025.