hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vitali set
In mathematics, a Vitali set is an elementary example of a set of real numbers that is not Lebesgue measurable, found by Giuseppe Vitali in 1905. The Vitali theorem is the existence theorem that there are such sets. Each Vitali set is uncountable, and there are uncountably many Vitali sets. The proof of their existence depends on the axiom of choice.

Lebesgue measure
In measure theory, a branch of mathematics, the Lebesgue measure, named after French mathematician Henri Lebesgue, is the standard way of assigning a measure to subsets of higher dimensional Euclidean n-spaces. For lower dimensions , it coincides with the standard measure of length, area, or volume. In general, it is also called n-dimensional volume, n-volume, hypervolume, or simply volume. It is used throughout real analysis, in particular to define Lebesgue integration. Sets that can be assigned a Lebesgue measure are called Lebesgue-measurable; the measure of the Lebesgue-measurable set  is here denoted by .

Henri Lebesgue described this measure in the year 1901 which, a year after, was followed up by his description of the Lebesgue integral. Both were published as part of his dissertation Intégrale, Longueur, Aire in 1902.
Brigadier General Charles E. McGee Library
The Brigadier General Charles E. McGee Library, formerly the Silver Spring Library, is part of the Montgomery County Public Libraries System. It opened to the public in 1931 and is currently located at 900 Wayne Avenue in Silver Spring, Maryland.
The library is named for Charles E. McGee, a Tuskegee Airman who had lived in Montgomery County.

Silver Spring, Maryland
Silver Spring is a census-designated place (CDP) in southeastern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, near Washington, D.C. Although officially unincorporated, it is an edge city with a population of 81,015 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous place in Maryland after Baltimore, Columbia, Germantown, and Waldorf.

Downtown Silver Spring, located next to the northern tip of Washington, D.C., is the oldest and most urbanized area of Silver Spring, surrounded by several inner suburban residential neighborhoods inside the Capital Beltway. Many mixed-use developments combining retail, residential, and office space have been built since 2004.

Silver Spring takes its name from a mica-flecked spring discovered there in 1840 by Francis Preston Blair, who subsequently bought much of the area's surrounding land. Acorn Park, south of downtown, is believed to be the site of the original spring.
Naft Al-Wasat SC
Naft Al-Wasat Sports Club (Arabic: نادي نفط الوسط الرياضي, lit. 'Midland Oil') is an Iraqi sports club based in Najaf. Its professional football team plays in the Iraqi Premier Division League, the second tier of Iraqi football. The club's home stadium is An-Najaf Stadium.

Founded in 2008, Naft Al-Wasat spent three seasons in the Iraqi Second Division League and another three in the Iraqi First Division League until they were promoted from the 2013–14 Iraqi First Division League to the Iraqi Premier League. In their first season in the Iraqi Premier League, Naft Al-Wasat became the champions by achieving the 2014–15 Iraqi Premier League.

Their futsal club has participated in the AFC Futsal Club Championship.

2014–15 Iraqi Premier League
The 2014–15 Iraqi Premier League was the 41st season of the Iraqi Premier League since its establishment in 1974. The season started on 30 September 2014 and ended on 11 July 2015. The league was played in a group stage format for the first time since the 2010–11 season.

Newly-promoted side Naft Al-Wasat won the league in their first season in the top-flight, defeating Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya in the final 6–5 on penalties after a 0–0 draw.
Cameron (wrestler)
Ariane Andrew (born November 3, 1987) is an American professional wrestler, singer, and dancer. She is best known for her time in WWE, where she performed under the ring name Cameron.

Andrew participated in the 2011 season of WWE Tough Enough, where she was the first competitor eliminated. She later signed with WWE and joined Naomi in forming The Funkadactyls. From July 2013 to March 2015, Andrew was one of the first cast members of the reality television show Total Divas.

WWE Tough Enough
WWE Tough Enough is an American professional wrestling reality competition series that was produced by WWE, wherein participants undergo professional wrestling training and compete for a contract with WWE. There were two winners per season for the first three seasons, all of which aired on MTV. A fourth competition was held in 2004, with only a single winner, who was integrated into (at the time) UPN's SmackDown!. As revealed in October 2010, the USA Network, revived Tough Enough to air it immediately prior to Raw, starting on April 4, 2011, a day after WrestleMania XXVII. The first three seasons were co-produced with MTV, while the revival is a co-production with Shed Media. Reruns of the 2011 season were broadcast on Universal HD, Oxygen and G4.

Past episodes of Tough Enough are available for streaming on the WWE Network.
Blau-Weiß 1890 Berlin
Blau-Weiß 1890 Berlin was a German association football club based in the Mariendorf district of Berlin. The club was formed in 1927 from the merger of Berliner FC Vorwärts 1890, runner-up in the 1921 German championship, and Berliner TuFC Union, German champions of 1905. Blau-Weiß 90 spent one season in the German first division, the Bundesliga.

1986–87 Bundesliga
The 1986–87 Bundesliga was the 24th season of the Bundesliga, the premier football league in West Germany. It began on 8 August 1986 and ended on 17 June 1987. FC Bayern Munich were the defending champions.
Artin L-function
In mathematics, Artin L-functions are a type of Dirichlet series defined for finite extensions of number fields, encoding informations about linear representations of Galois group, ramification of prime ideals and distribution of absolute norms of ideals.

These functions were introduced in 1923 by Emil Artin, in connection with his research into class field theory. They play important role in modern number theory and are generalizations of better-known functions like Dedekind zeta functions or Dirichlet L-functions. Some of their expected properties turned out to be difficult to prove.

One of the aims of proposed non-abelian class field theory is to incorporate the complex-analytic nature of Artin L-functions into a larger framework, such as is provided by automorphic forms and the Langlands program. So far, only a small part of such a theory has been put on a firm basis.

Non-abelian class field theory
In mathematics, non-abelian class field theory is a catchphrase, meaning the extension of the results of class field theory, the relatively complete and classical set of results on abelian extensions of any number field K, to the general Galois extension L/K. While class field theory was essentially known by 1930, the corresponding non-abelian theory has never been formulated in a definitive and accepted sense.
Kim Rae-won
Kim Rae-won (Korean: 김래원; born 19 March 1981) is a South Korean actor. He first rose to fame with his appearances in the 2003 romantic comedy series Cats on the Roof. He is best known for the movies My Little Bride (2004), Sunflower (2006), The Prison (2017), as well as television series Love Story in Harvard (2004), Gourmet (2008), A Thousand Days' Promise (2011), Punch (2014–2015), The Doctors (2016), Black Knight: The Man Who Guards Me (2018), and The First Responders (2022–2023).

The Doctors (South Korean TV series)
The Doctors (Korean: 닥터스) is a 2016 South Korean medical drama starring Kim Rae-won and Park Shin-hye. It aired on SBS TV from June 20 to August 23, 2016, every Monday and Tuesday at 22:00 (KST) for 20 episodes.

The drama was a hit and averaged 18.40% in audience ratings. In particular, Park's character as a troubled teenager turned charismatic doctor was very popular among the audiences for her action scenes and straightforward lines.
Afa Anoaʻi Jr.
Afa Anoaʻi Jr. (born October 6, 1984) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for his work with the professional wrestling promotion World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) in the late 2000s with the ring name Manu. He owns BattleField Pro Wrestling, a promotion based in Pennsylvania.

Lloyd Anoaʻi
Lloyd Anoaʻi (born May 7, 1970) is an American professional wrestler and professional wrestling manager and producer for Qatar Pro Wrestling, and World of War Wrestling in South Africa. He is best known for his appearances with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) under the ring names Tahitian Savage, Fred Williams, and Lloyd Lanui and for his appearances with Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) under the ring name L.A. Smooth. He is one of the three sons of professional wrestling patriarch Afa Anoaʻi and a member of the Anoaʻi family.
Perak Tengah District
Perak Tengah District (lit. 'Central Perak', Perak Malay: Peghok Tengoh) is a district in Perak, Malaysia. It is administered by the Perak Tengah District Council, which is based at the town of Seri Iskandar. Parit is however the largest settlement in the area. The district is well known for its historical sites in the Pasir Salak. Smaller towns in the district include Bota, Lambor and Kampung Gajah.

Bota
Bota (Perak Malay: Bote; Jawi: بوتا; Chinese: 波打) is a mukim in Perak Tengah District, Perak, Malaysia. It comprises two geographical areas: Bota Kiri and Bota Kanan (Left Bota and Right Bota, respectively) as it is divided by the  Perak River. There is a river terrapin breeding center in Bota Kanan. Bota is also well known for its durian fruit. The town has over fifteen mosques.
Mississippian culture pottery
Mississippian culture pottery is the ceramic tradition of the Mississippian culture (800 to 1600 CE) found as artifacts in archaeological sites in the American Midwest and Southeast. It is often characterized by the adoption and use of riverine (or more rarely marine) shell-tempering agents in the clay paste. Shell tempering is one of the hallmarks of Mississippian cultural practices. Analysis of local differences in materials, techniques, forms, and designs is a primary means for archaeologists to learn about the lifeways, religious practices, trade, and interaction among Mississippian peoples. The value of this pottery on the illegal antiquities market has led to extensive looting of sites.

Ceramics of Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Ceramics of Indigenous peoples of the Americas is an art form with at least a 7500-year history in the Americas. Pottery is fired ceramics with clay as a component. Ceramics are used for utilitarian cooking vessels, serving and storage vessels, pipes, funerary urns, censers, musical instruments, ceremonial items, masks, toys, sculptures, and a myriad of other art forms.

Due to their resilience, ceramics have been key to learning more about pre-Columbian Indigenous cultures.
Murray House
Murray House is a Victorian-era building in Stanley, Hong Kong. Built in the present-day business district of Central in 1846 as officers' quarters of the Murray Barracks, the building was moved to the south of Hong Kong Island during the 2000s. This building has become an iconic landmark in Hong Kong. After housing the Hong Kong Maritime Museum, now in Stanley, it is now home to restaurants and shops.

Hong Kong Maritime Museum
Hong Kong Maritime Museum is a non-profit educational institution funded by the international shipping community and the government in Hong Kong. It is located at Central Pier 8, Hong Kong. The museum was established on 8 September in 2005 and reopened to the public in February 2013.

The museum focuses on the development of boats, ships, maritime exploration and trade, and naval warfare. While concentrating on the South China coast and its adjacent seas, its exhibits also cover global trends and provide an account of Hong Kong's maritime growth.

The museum includes semi-permanent and special exhibitions, interactive displays, educational events, a café, and a museum shop.
June 1955 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Sunday, June 5, 1955, with an umbral magnitude of −0.4498. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring only about 11 hours after apogee (on June 5, 1955, at 3:45 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

January 1955 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Saturday, January 8, 1955, with an umbral magnitude of −0.1421. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 2.2 days after perigee (on January 6, 1955, at 8:55 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.
Borut Sajovic
Borut Sajovic (born 18 July 1960 in Kranj) is a Slovenian politician, veterinarian and member of parliament.

Sajovic served as a member of the Freedom Movement in the National Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia from June 2022 to October 2024. He had previously been an MP between 2004 and 2011 as a member of the Liberal Democracy of Slovenia. From 2006 to 2022, he was the mayor of the Municipality of Tržič.

Since 7 October 2024, he has been serving as the Minister of Defence of the Republic of Slovenia.

Freedom Movement (Slovenia)
The Freedom Movement (Slovene: Gibanje Svoboda, GS) is a social-liberal political party in Slovenia. It was founded on 26 January 2022, as the successor of the extraparliamentary Green Actions Party (Slovene: Stranka Zelenih Dejanj, Z.DEJ), which was founded on 8 May 2021.

In its first parliamentary election, the party placed first, obtaining 41 of the 90 seats in the National Assembly, which is a record for a single party in the history of independent Slovenia. Its chairman Robert Golob subsequently became Prime Minister of Slovenia, heading the Golob Cabinet in  coalition with the Social Democrats and The Left. Shortly after the elections, the Party of Alenka Bratušek and List of Marjan Šarec merged with the party.
D-class destroyer (1913)
The D class as they were known from 1913 was a fairly homogeneous group of torpedo boat destroyers (TBDs) built for the Royal Navy in the mid-1890s. They were all constructed to the individual designs of their builder, John I. Thornycroft & Company of Chiswick, to meet Admiralty specifications. The uniting feature of the class was a top speed of 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph) and they all had two funnels.

John I. Thornycroft & Company
50°53′43.44″N 1°22′56.76″W﻿ / ﻿50.8954000°N 1.3824333°W﻿ / 50.8954000; -1.3824333

John I. Thornycroft & Company Limited, usually known simply as Thornycroft, was a British shipbuilding firm founded by John Isaac Thornycroft in Chiswick in 1866. It moved to Woolston, Southampton, in 1908, merging in 1966 with Vosper & Company to form one organisation called Vosper Thornycroft. From 2002 to 2010 the company acquired several international and US-based defence and services companies, and changed name to the VT Group. In 2008 VT's UK shipbuilding and support operations were merged with those of BAE Systems to create BVT Surface Fleet.  In 2010 remaining parts of the company were absorbed by Babcock International who retained the UK and international operations, but sold the US based operations to the American Jordan Company, who took the name VT Group.
European red-rumped swallow
The European red-rumped swallow (Cecropis rufula) is a small passerine bird in the swallow family Hirundinidae. Historically, it was usually treated in a broad concept of the genus Hirundo, but is now treated in the genus Cecropis. It was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the eastern red-rumped swallow (Cecropis daurica), united, together with the African red-rumped swallow (C. melanocrissus, syn. C. domicella), under the common name of red-rumped swallow.

Eastern red-rumped swallow
The eastern red-rumped swallow (Cecropis daurica) is a small passerine bird in the swallow family Hirundinidae. It is found in open, often hilly, areas with clearings and cultivation across Southeast Asia to north-eastern India and Taiwan.

The European red-rumped swallow and the African red-rumped swallow were formerly considered as subspecies of the eastern red-rumped swallow.
Charles Todd Quintard
Charles Todd Quintard (December 22, 1824 – February 16, 1898) was an American physician and clergyman who became the second bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee and the first Vice-Chancellor of the University of the South.

Diocese of Tennessee
The Diocese of Tennessee is the diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America that covers roughly Middle Tennessee.  A single diocese spanned the entire state until 1982, when the Episcopal Diocese of West Tennessee was created; the Diocese of Tennessee was again split in 1985 when the Episcopal Diocese of East Tennessee was formed. It is headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee.

The diocese reported 16,904 members in 2019 and 15,460 members in 2023; no membership statistics were reported in 2024 national parochial reports. Plate and pledge income for the 45 filing congregations of the diocese in 2024 was $17,958,668. Average Sunday attendance (ASA) was 4,298 persons.

The diocese includes 52 parishes and mission outposts. Most of its present communicants reside in the metropolitan Nashville area (chiefly Davidson, Rutherford, Sumner, and Williamson counties). St. Paul's Church in Franklin is the diocese's oldest congregation.
Geraldine Jewsbury
Geraldine Endsor Jewsbury (22 August 1812 – 23 September 1880) was an English novelist, book reviewer and literary figure in London, best known for popular novels such as Zoe: the History of Two Lives and reviews for the literary periodical the Athenaeum. Jewsbury never married, but enjoyed intimate friendships, notably with Jane Carlyle, wife of the essayist Thomas Carlyle. Jewsbury's romantic feelings for her and the complexity of their relations appear in Jewsbury's writings. She tried unsuccessfully to encourage her close friend Walter Mantell to start a new life as an author after his disagreement with the New Zealand government over Maori land rights.

Jane Welsh Carlyle
Jane Baillie Carlyle (née Welsh; 14 July 1801 – 21 April 1866) was a Scottish writer and the wife of Thomas Carlyle.

Although she did not publish any novels in her lifetime, she was widely known as an extraordinary letter writer. Virginia Woolf called her one of the "great letter writers", and Elizabeth Hardwick described her work as a "private writing career".
Ayato Yoshida
Ayato Yoshida (吉田綾斗, Yoshida Ayato) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently working for the Japanese promotion Active Advance Pro Wrestling where he is the former three-times 2AW Openweight Champion.

Active Advance Pro Wrestling Openweight Championship
The 2AW Openweight Championship is a professional wrestling world championship created and promoted by the Japanese promotion Active Advance Pro Wrestling, being sanctioned as the promotion's top championship. There have been a total of thirteen reigns shared between ten different champions. The current champion is Daiju Wakamatsu who is in his first reign.
Rowlesburg, West Virginia
Rowlesburg is a town in southern Preston County, West Virginia, United States, along the Cheat River. The population was 438 at the 2020 census. A former railroad town, it is home to the Downtown Rowlesburg Historic District, and was the site of action during the American Civil War.

Downtown Rowlesburg Historic District
Downtown Rowlesburg Historic District is a national historic district located at Rowlesburg, Preston County, West Virginia. The district encompasses 51 contributing buildings and 1 contributing site in the central business district and surrounding residential areas of Rowlesburg.  Most of the commercial buildings are two story, frame and masonry buildings, dating from about 1900 to 1950.  Notable buildings include the St. Paul's Methodist Protestant Church (1923), St. Philomena's Roman Catholic Church (c. 1890), Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church (1915), Rowlesburg School, Waybright House, Weaver House, Nassif Home and Store building (c. 1848), Rowlesburg Area Historical Society/IOOF building (1875), and Adams and Moore Store building (1907).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
Brusilov expedition
The Brusilov expedition (Russian: Экспедиция Брусилова) was a Russian maritime expedition to the Arctic led by Captain Georgy Brusilov, which set out in 1912 to explore and map a route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific via a northeast passage known as the Northern Sea Route. The expedition was ill-planned and ill-executed by Brusilov, and disappeared without a trace. Earlier searches were unsuccessful, and the fate of the ship and its crew is still not known.

One of the members of the expedition was the second Russian woman to go to the Arctic, Yerminia Zhdanko, a 22-year-old nurse and daughter of a general of the Russo-Japanese War.

Georgy Brusilov
Georgy Lvovich Brusilov (Russian: Гео́ргий Льво́вич Бруси́лов; May 19, 1884 – disappeared in 1914) was a Russian naval officer of the Imperial Russian Navy and an Arctic explorer. His father, Lev Brusilov, was also a naval officer.

In 1912 Brusilov led a maritime expedition which was intended to explore and map a route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific via a northeast passage, also called the Northern Sea Route. His expedition disappeared almost without a trace, and despite searches its ultimate fate was unknown until 2010.
Martha MacCallum
Martha Bowes MacCallum (born January 31, 1964) is an American journalist and news anchor for Fox News. She is the executive editor and anchor of The Story with Martha MacCallum, broadcast from Manhattan Monday through Friday at 3PM ET, and co-anchor of Fox News Election coverage. MacCallum joined the network in 2004 and is based in New York City. Her interviews with President Donald Trump, President Barack Obama, First Lady Laura Bush, Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh and others have been featured on her programs.

Bret Baier
William Bret Baier (/ˈbeɪər/ BAY-ər; born August 4, 1970) is an American journalist and the host of Special Report with Bret Baier on Fox News and the chief political anchor for Fox. He previously worked as the network's Chief White House Correspondent and Pentagon correspondent.
Mehmetçik Monument
Mehmetçik Monument (Kartaltepe Mehmetçik Monument) is a monumental sculpture featuring a Turkish soldier on Kartaltepe of Polatlı, a rural area of Ankara Province, Turkey. The name of the monument Mehmetçik is the diminutive form of the common name Mehmet, which is used to nickname Turkish soldiers.

Polatlı
Polatlı (formerly Ancient Greek: Γόρδιον, Górdion and Latin: Gordium) is a municipality and district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Its area is 3,618 km2, and its population is 128,378 (2022). It is 80 km west of the Turkish capital Ankara, on the road to Eskişehir. Its elevation is 853 m.