hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
LTG Link
LTG Link is a government-owned passenger train operator in Lithuania. It is part of the LTG Group (officially, Lietuvos geležinkeliai). LTG Link operates domestic and international passenger services across Lithuania and on routes to Poland, Latvia, and beyond. The word "Link" in the name carries a dual meaning: in English, it means "connection", while in Lithuanian, it means "towards".

Lithuanian Railways
LTG Group, officially Lietuvos geležinkeliai (English: Lithuanian Railways), known as LTG, is the national state-owned railway company of Lithuania. It operates most of the railway network in the country. Its main subsidiary companies are LTG Link, for passenger services, LTG Cargo, for freight service, and LTG Infra, for maintenance and development of infrastructure.

During 2022, Lithuanian Railways transported 4.69 million passengers and 31.0 million tonnes of freight; the majority of freight conveyed comprised oil products and fertilizers.
Matroid
In combinatorics, a matroid /ˈmeɪtrɔɪd/ is a structure that abstracts and generalizes the notion of linear independence in vector spaces. There are many equivalent ways to define a matroid axiomatically, the most significant being in terms of: independent sets; bases or circuits; rank functions; closure operators; and closed sets or flats. In the language of partially ordered sets, a finite simple matroid is equivalent to a geometric lattice.

Matroid theory borrows extensively from the terms used in both linear algebra and graph theory, largely because it is the abstraction of various notions of central importance in these fields. Matroids have found applications in geometry, topology, combinatorial optimization, network theory, and coding theory.

Geometric lattice
In the mathematics of matroids and lattices, a geometric lattice is a finite atomistic semimodular lattice, and a matroid lattice is an atomistic semimodular lattice without the assumption of finiteness. Geometric lattices and matroid lattices, respectively, form the lattices of flats of finite, or finite and infinite, matroids, and every geometric or matroid lattice comes from a matroid in this way.
Soka University of America
Soka University of America (SUA) is a private liberal arts college in Aliso Viejo, California. Originally founded in 1987, it was established on its current campus in 2001 by Daisaku Ikeda, the founder of the Soka Gakkai International Buddhist movement. Though affiliated with Soka Gakkai, it maintains a secular curriculum which emphasizes pacifism, human rights, and the creative coexistence of nature and humanity.

SUA encompasses both a liberal arts college and a graduate school offering a master's program in Educational Leadership and Societal Change.

Aliso Viejo, California
Aliso Viejo (uh-LEE-so vee-AY-ho; Spanish for "old alder tree") is a city in the San Joaquin Hills of southern Orange County, California. It had a population of 52,176 as of the 2020 census, up from 47,823 as of the 2010 census. It became Orange County's 34th city on July 1, 2001, the only city in Orange County to be incorporated since 2000. It is bordered by the cities of Laguna Beach on the west and southwest, Laguna Hills on the east, Laguna Niguel on the southeast, and Laguna Woods on the north. It is similarly named to another nearby city, Mission Viejo.
Thomas Muirhead (curler)
Thomas Brandon Muirhead (born 11 April 1995) is a retired Scottish curler from Blair Atholl. He was the longtime third for the Kyle Smith rink. During his career, he competed for Great Britain at the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang, South Korea, placing fifth. He also played for Scotland at two European Curling Championships, two Winter Universiade and three World Junior Curling Championships, winning the event in 2013. Muirhead's brother Glen and sister Eve are also British curlers, and their father Gordon is also a former professional curler.

Gordon Muirhead
Gordon Muirhead is a Scottish curler and world champion. He was alternate for the gold medal-winning Scottish team at the 1999 Ford World Curling Championships in Saint John, New Brunswick, and also won silver medals in 1992, 1993 and 1995. He received a gold medal at the 1994 European Curling Championships, a silver medal in 1998 and a bronze medal in 1992.

Gordon's daughter, Eve, won the women's 2022 Olympic gold for Great Britain in Beijing, the 2013 World Championship, four World Junior Curling Championships (2007, 2008, 2009 and 2011), and was skip for Great Britain at the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics, where she won a bronze medal. His son Thomas won a World Junior Men's Championship in 2013 at Sochi, curling for Kyle Smith's Scottish rink. His eldest son, Glen, is also a curler, who has competed at the Olympic level.
South Oxhey
South Oxhey is an estate in the Watford Rural parish of the Three Rivers district of Hertfordshire, England. It is located in the south western corner of Hertfordshire and close to the boundary with Greater London. At the 2011 Census South Oxhey's population was included in the Northwick Ward of Three Rivers Council.

South Oxhey is in the postcode district WD19, however, a thin section of the HA5 postcode district protrudes northwards and encompasses a small part of Oxhey Woods. Although, this is a technicality and is not significant due to the area of HA5 being woodland, with no housing.

Three Rivers District
Three Rivers is a local government district in south-west Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in Rickmansworth. The district borders Hertsmere, Watford, St Albans, Dacorum, Buckinghamshire, and the London boroughs of Hillingdon and Harrow.
Jimmy Five
Jameson Flynn Morrison Jr., commonly known as Jimmy Five in English, known as Cebolinha,  in Portuguese language, is one of Monica and Friends' main characters of the comic book series and media franchise. He was created in 1960, at first as a support character for Franklin and Blu who the following year became the protagonist of his own series of newspaper strips, which was later replaced by the character Monica in the 70s. Currently Jimmy Five has his own printed comic book, called Cebolinha, which was first released in 1973.

Jimmy's family name is "Cebola" ("onion" in Portuguese), and he has a little baby sister called Mary Angela (in Portuguese, Maria Cebolinha, after her brother's name), also based on a real person.

His English name is Jimmy Five due to his hair composed of only five strands. In the first adaptations of comics into English, the character's name was Stanley, and later Frizz.

Blu (Monica and Friends)
Blu (Bidu) is a character in the Brazilian comic strip Monica's Gang, created in 1959. He was the first character created by Maurício de Sousa, along with his owner Franklin (Franjinha). The character appears in the logo and is the mascot of Mauricio de Sousa Produções, the company founded by Sousa to release his works.

Blu is the only character who appears in two different kinds of stories. In one, he is a normal dog, owned by Franklin, who fears taking baths (but is invariably forced to take them by Franklin), does anything in exchange for a bone, and plays around with the other dogs from the neighborhood. In the other type of stories, he is a director-actor of his own stories, is highly anthropomorphic, walking on two legs behind the sets (and walking like a normal dog when acting), and is famous for the comic strips in which he talks to objects, especially the rock called Mrs. Stone.
Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria
Charles Theodore (German: Karl Theodor; 11 December 1724 – 16 February 1799) was a German nobleman of the Sulzbach branch of the House of Wittelsbach. He became Count Palatine of Sulzbach at the age of six following the death of his father Johann Christian in 1733. With the death of his cousin, Charles III Philip, he became Prince-elector and Count Palatine of the Rhine in 1742, being eighteen. In his fifties, he became Prince-Elector of Bavaria at the death of another cousin, Maximilian III Joseph, in 1777.

Maximilian III Joseph
Maximilian III Joseph (28 March 1727 – 30 December 1777),  also known by his epithet "the much beloved" was a Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire and Duke of Bavaria from 1745 to 1777. He was the last of the Bavarian branch of the House of Wittelsbach and because of his death, the War of Bavarian Succession broke out.
Lelo for Georgia
Lelo for Georgia (Georgian: ლელო საქართველოსთვის, romanized: lelo sakartvelostvis, lit. 'Try for Georgia') is a liberal political party in Georgia. It was established in 2019 by two businessmen Mamuka Khazaradze and Badri Japaridze. Soon after its founding, it attracted a number of prominent political figures and political parties with Development Movement and the New Rights Party merging to form a single political entity.

Lelo participated in the 2020 parliamentary election independently receiving 4 seats in the Georgian parliament. For the 2024 parliamentary election it formed the Strong Georgia coalition with its electoral number being 9. The party's 2024 platform has been placed on the centre-left.

Strong Georgia
Strong Georgia (SG; Georgian: ძლიერი საქართველო, romanized: dzlieri sakartvelo) is an informal political coalition of pro-European political parties in Georgia. Its platform has generally been placed on the centre to centre-left and the alliance includes liberal as well as social democratic factions.

The coalition's initial constituent members were Mamuka Khazaradze's Lelo for Georgia, Ana Dolidze's For the People, Aleko Elisashvili's Citizens, as well as the political movement Freedom Square led by Levan Tsutskiridze. The alliance also included other notable politicians such as the former President Giorgi Margvelashvili and former New Rights Party leader David Gamkrelidze.
Gauss–Seidel method
In numerical linear algebra, the Gauss–Seidel method, also known as the Liebmann method or the method of successive displacement,  is an iterative method used to solve a system of linear equations. It is named after the German mathematicians Carl Friedrich Gauss and Philipp Ludwig von Seidel. Though it can be applied to any matrix with non-zero elements on the diagonals, convergence is only guaranteed if the matrix is either strictly diagonally dominant, or symmetric and positive definite. It was only mentioned in a private letter from Gauss to his student Gerling in 1823. A publication was not delivered before 1874 by Seidel.

Diagonally dominant matrix
In mathematics, a square matrix is said to be diagonally dominant if, for every row of the matrix, the magnitude of the diagonal entry in a row is greater than or equal to the sum of the magnitudes of all the other (off-diagonal) entries in that row. More precisely, the matrix  is diagonally dominant if

where  denotes the entry in the th row and th column.

This definition uses a weak inequality, and is therefore sometimes called weak diagonal dominance.  If a strict inequality (>) is used, this is called strict diagonal dominance.  The unqualified term diagonal dominance can mean both strict and weak diagonal dominance, depending on the context.
Brachiocephalic artery
The brachiocephalic artery, brachiocephalic trunk, or innominate artery is an artery of the mediastinum that supplies blood to the right arm, head, and neck.

It is the first branch of the aortic arch. Soon after it emerges, the brachiocephalic artery divides into the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery.

There is no brachiocephalic artery for the left side of the body. The left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery come directly off the aortic arch. Despite this, there are two brachiocephalic veins.

Subclavian artery
In human anatomy, the subclavian arteries are paired major arteries of the upper thorax, below the clavicle. They receive blood from the aortic arch. The left subclavian artery supplies blood to the left arm and the right subclavian artery supplies blood to the right arm, with some branches supplying the head and thorax. On the left side of the body, the subclavian comes directly off the aortic arch, while on the right side it arises from the relatively short brachiocephalic artery when it bifurcates into the subclavian and the right common carotid artery.

The usual branches of the subclavian on both sides of the body are the vertebral artery, the internal thoracic artery, the thyrocervical trunk, the costocervical trunk and the dorsal scapular artery, which may branch off the transverse cervical artery, which is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk. The subclavian becomes the axillary artery at the lateral border of the first rib.
Transcription (biology)
Transcription is the process of duplicating a segment of DNA into RNA for the purpose of gene expression. Some segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules that can encode proteins, called messenger RNA (mRNA). Other segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).

Both DNA and RNA are nucleic acids, composed of nucleotide sequences. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary RNA strand called a primary transcript.

In virology, the term transcription is used when referring to mRNA synthesis from a viral RNA molecule. The genome of many RNA viruses is composed of negative-sense RNA which acts as a template for positive sense viral messenger RNA - a necessary step in the synthesis of viral proteins needed for viral replication. This process is catalyzed by a viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase.

Sense (molecular biology)
In molecular biology and genetics, the sense of a nucleic acid molecule, particularly of a strand of DNA or RNA, refers to the nature of the roles of the strand and its complement in specifying a sequence of amino acids. Depending on the context, sense may have slightly different meanings. For example, the negative-sense strand of DNA is equivalent to the template strand, whereas the positive-sense strand is the non-template strand whose nucleotide sequence is equivalent to the sequence of the mRNA transcript.
Team Water
Team Water (stylized as #TEAMWATER) is an international collaborative fundraiser that was started by YouTubers MrBeast and Mark Rober as a follow-up to Team Trees and Team Seas. The fundraiser raised over 40 million dollars to provide clean drinking water to millions of people around the world. All of the donations from the fundraiser are going to WaterAid, which is a non-governmental organization.

Team Seas
Team Seas (stylized as #TEAMSEAS) was an international collaborative fundraiser that was started by YouTubers MrBeast and Mark Rober as a follow-up to Team Trees. The fundraiser succeeded in raising over 33 million U.S. dollars. All of the donations from the fundraiser went to the Ocean Conservancy and The Ocean Cleanup, with the organisations splitting the donations. The fundraiser pledged to remove 30,000,000 pounds (14,000,000 kg) of marine debris from the ocean by removing 1 pound (0.45 kg) of marine debris from the ocean for every 1 dollar donated.
Kerry Earnhardt
Kerry Dale Earnhardt (born December 8, 1969) is an American former NASCAR driver and the eldest son of seven-time NASCAR Cup Series champion Dale Earnhardt. He is the half-brother of former NASCAR Cup Series driver Dale Earnhardt Jr. and Kelley Earnhardt Miller. He was employed by Dale Earnhardt, Inc. as a consultant specializing in driver development until 2011. His younger son, Jeffrey Earnhardt, began racing for DEI in 2007 and currently competes in the NASCAR Xfinity Series. Kerry Earnhardt is known for his physical similarity to his father.

Jeffrey Earnhardt
Jeffrey Lynn Earnhardt (born June 22, 1989) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 24 Toyota GR Supra for Sam Hunt Racing. He is the son of Kerry Earnhardt, grandson of Dale Earnhardt, and nephew of Dale Earnhardt Jr.
Virginia State Route 38
State Route 38 (SR 38) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.  Known for most of its length as Five Forks Road, SR 38 runs 7.03 miles (11.31 km) from U.S. Route 360 Business (US 360 Business) in Amelia Court House east to SR 153 at Scotts Fork.

U.S. Route 360
U.S. Route 360 (US 360) is a spur route of US 60. The U.S. Highway runs 225.3 miles (362.6 km), entirely within the state of Virginia, from US 58 Business, Virginia State Route 293 (SR 293), and SR 360 in Danville east to SR 644 in Reedville. US 360 connects Danville, South Boston, Keysville and Burkeville in Southside Virginia with the state capital of Richmond.  The highway connects Richmond with Tappahannock on the Middle Peninsula and the eastern Northern Neck, where it serves as the primary route through Northumberland County. US 360 is a four-lane divided highway for almost all of its length.
Athlete Institute
The Athlete Institute is an athletic centre located in Mono, Ontario. It is made up of three facilities, the training centre, residence and the fieldhouse. The Institute is home to The Orangeville Prep Basketball Academy,  who compete in the Ontario Scholastic Basketball Association (OSBA). Orangeville District Secondary School provides academic instruction for the institute's students. As well as home to By Design Learning Centre, CrossFit Orangeville, Purple Owl Pilates and Athlete Institute Football Club. (AIFC) It was formerly home to the Orangeville A's of the National Basketball League of Canada (NBLC).

Orangeville A's
The Orangeville A's were a Canadian professional basketball franchise based in Orangeville, Ontario.  Founded in 2012 in Brampton, the A's were a member of the National Basketball League of Canada, where they began play for the 2013–14 season.
Quex Park
Quex Park itself is 250 acres (1.0 km2) of parkland and gardens plus a further 1500 acres of farmed land, with Quex House and other buildings situated just south-east from Birchington-on-Sea near Margate in Kent, England. It houses the Powell-Cotton Museum, and the Waterloo tower, a secular bell tower.

Powell-Cotton Museum
The Powell-Cotton Museum is situated in Quex Park in Birchington and houses the diverse personal collections of hunter and explorer Percy Powell-Cotton. The museum also contains the collections of Powell-Cotton's two daughters, Antoinette and Diana Powell-Cotton, who shared their father's passion for collecting.

The museum, which links to the ground floor of Quex House, now comprises nine galleries dedicated not only to the extensive collection of large mammals, but to many artefacts representing the cultures and traditions of the locations Powell-Cotton visited.
Vicki Anderson
Vicki Anderson (born Myra Barnes; November 21, 1939 – July 3, 2023) was an American soul singer best known for her performances with the James Brown Revue. She recorded a number of singles under both her birth and stage names. She was the widow of Bobby Byrd and mother of musician Carleen Anderson.

Carleen Anderson
Carleen Cassandra Anderson (born May 10, 1957 in Houston, Texas, USA) is a UK resident musician where she has lived since 1990. She was the vocalist, composer, and musician for the Young Disciples and is known for her numerous, varied collaborations. Her solo career began in 1992. She is credited with composing and writing futuristic operas.

By the time Anderson was three years old, she was singing solos in front of the congregation. At age seven, she was composing songs, playing piano by ear and directing the choir where her Paternal Grandfather, Reverend David Anderson, was the Pastor at Anderson Memorial Church of God in Christ. Anderson’s vocal skills were influenced by her paternal aunt, Betty Faye Anderson, a Juilliard scholar, a Gospel singer and a soprano soloist in the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.
Rfam
Rfam is a database containing information about non-coding RNA (ncRNA) families and other structured RNA elements.  It is an annotated, open access database originally developed at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in collaboration with Janelia Farm, and currently hosted at the European Bioinformatics Institute. Rfam is designed to be similar to the Pfam database for annotating protein families.

Unlike proteins, ncRNAs often have similar secondary structure without sharing much similarity in the primary sequence.  Rfam divides ncRNAs into families based on evolution from a common ancestor. Producing multiple sequence alignments (MSA) of these families can provide insight into their structure and function, similar to the case of protein families.  These MSAs become more useful with the addition of secondary structure information. Rfam researchers also contribute to Wikipedia's RNA WikiProject.

Pfam
Pfam is a database of protein families that includes their annotations and multiple sequence alignments generated using hidden Markov models. The latest version of Pfam, 37.0, was released in June 2024 and contains 21,979 families. It is currently provided through InterPro website.
Mesenchyme
Mesenchyme (/ˈmɛsənkaɪm ˈmiːzən-/) is a type of loosely organized animal embryonic connective tissue of undifferentiated cells that give rise to many tissues, such as skin, blood, or bone. The interactions between mesenchyme and epithelium help to form nearly every organ in the developing embryo.

Connective tissue
Connective tissue is biological tissue that is found in between other tissues in the body. Most types of connective tissue consists of three main components: elastic and collagen fibers, ground substance, and cells.

It is one of the four primary types of animal tissue along with epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. It develops mostly from the mesenchyme, derived from the mesoderm, the middle embryonic germ layer.

The three meninges, membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord, are composed of connective tissue. Blood and lymph are classed as specialized fluid connective tissues that do not contain fiber. All are immersed in the body water. The cells of connective tissue include fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, mast cells and leukocytes.

The term "connective tissue" (in German, Bindegewebe) was introduced in 1830 by Johannes Peter Müller. The tissue was already recognized as a distinct class in the 18th century.
Parakramabahu II
Parakramabahu II, also known as Panditha Parakramabāhu, was the King of Dambadeniya in 13th century, whose reign lasted from 1236 to 1270. As a pioneer in literature, he was bestowed with the honorary title "Kalikala Sahitya Sarvagna Pandita". Parakramabahu's reign is notable for the creation of numerous Sinhalese literal works such as, Kausilumina, Pūjāvaliya, Pāli Vishuddḥi Mārgaya, Thūpavaṃsa and Sidhath Sangarāva. He launched a campaign against the Eastern Ganga invader Kalinga Magha, and successfully expelled him from Polonnaruwa Kingdom but Kalinga Magha continued to rule the Jaffna Kingdom. He succeeded his father Vijayabahu III as King of Dambadeniya, and was succeeded by his elder son, Vijayabahu IV, after his death.

Vijayabahu IV
Vijayabahu IV (died October 1270) was King of Dambadeniya in the 13th century, who ruled from 1267/8 to 1270. He succeeded his father Parakkamabahu II as King of Dambadeniya and was succeeded by his brother Bhuvanaikabahu I after being murdered consequent to a conspiracy.