hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
State of Damascus
The State of Damascus (French: État de Damas; Arabic: دولة دمشق Dawlat Dimashq) was one of the six states established by the French General Henri Gouraud in the French Mandate of Syria which followed the San Remo conference of 1920 and the defeat of King Faisal's short-lived monarchy in Syria.

The other states were the State of Aleppo (1920), the State of Alawites (1920), the State of Jabal Druze (1921), the Sanjak of Alexandretta (1921), and the State of Greater Lebanon (1920), which later became the modern country of Lebanon.

Alawite State
The Alawite State (Arabic: دولة جبل العلويين, Dawlat Jabal al-‘Alawiyyīn; French: État des Alaouites), initially named the Territory of the Alawites (French: territoire des Alaouites)—after the locally-dominant Alawites—from its inception until its integration to the Syrian Federation in 1922, was a French mandate territory on the coast of present-day Syria after World War I. The French Mandate from the League of Nations lasted from 1920 to 1946.

The use of "Alawite", instead of "Nusayri", was advocated by the French early in the Mandate period and referred to a member of the Alawite faith with the term literally referring to a "follower of Ali". In 1920, the French-named "Alawite Territory" was home to a large population of Alawites.
Ali A. Rizvi
Ali Amjad Rizvi (born 29 May 1975) is a Pakistani-born Canadian atheist ex-Muslim and secular humanist writer and podcaster who explores the challenges of Muslims who leave their faith. He wrote a column for the Huffington Post and co-hosted the Secular Jihadists for a Muslim Enlightenment podcast together with Armin Navabi.

Armin Navabi
Armin Navabi (Persian: آرمین نوابی; born 25 December 1983) is an Iranian-Canadian ex-Muslim atheist, author and podcaster, currently living in Vancouver, Canada. In 2012, he founded the online freethought community Atheist Republic, a Canada-based non-profit organisation which now has hundreds of branches called "consulates" in several countries around the world such as Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines, enabling non-believers to interact in societies where irreligion, apostasy, and blasphemy are often criminalised and repressed. As an author, he debuted with the book Why There Is No God (2014), and in 2017 he became a co-host of the Secular Jihadists from the Middle East podcast with Ali A. Rizvi, Yasmine Mohammad and Faisal Saeed Al Mutar. In January 2018, the show was renamed Secular Jihadists for a Muslim Enlightenment, with Rizvi and Navabi as co-hosts.
Mary Sanders
Mary Sanders (born 26 August 1985 in Toronto, Ontario) is an American individual Rhythmic Gymnast. Mary holds dual citizenship of both the United States and Canada, as her father was American and her mother is Canadian. She began her career representing Canada but began to compete for the USA in late 2002.  Sanders is a two-time Canadian Rhythmic Gymnastics Champion and three-time U.S.A. Rhythmic Gymnastics Champion, 4 Continents Champion, 2 time Pan American Champion and earned the title of one of the most successful Rhythmic gymnast in the Western Hemisphere, alongside Laura Zeng and Evita Griskenas

Laura Zeng
Laura Yihan Zeng (Chinese: 曽昳晗; Zeng Yi-Han; born October 14, 1999) is an American former individual rhythmic gymnast. She represented the United States at the 2016 and 2020 Summer Olympics. She swept all of the events at the 2015 Pan American Games and at the 2018 Pan American Championships. She is the 2014 Youth Olympic and 2019 Summer Universiade all-around bronze medalist and the 2019 Grand Prix Final hoop bronze medalist.

On national level, she is an eight-time US national all-around champion, six times at the senior level (2015–19, 2021) and twice at the junior level (2013–14).
1:50 scale
1:50 scale is a popular size for diecast models from European manufacturers such as Conrad, Tekno, NZG, WSI and LionToys.  Typically they produce scale models of construction vehicles, tower cranes, trucks and buses.  These are often the official models distributed by the manufacturers of the real vehicles as a promotional items for prospective customers.  These models are also very popular in Europe despite their small size compared to stamped metal construction toys which are usually found in the US.

This scale is similar to O scale used in model trains and 1:50 scale will appear compatible with 1:48 scale models as produced by US manufacturers of O scale model trains and some makers of military vehicles (especially aircraft).

Die-cast toy
A die-cast toy (also spelled diecast, or die cast) is a toy or a collectible model produced by using the die-casting method of putting molten lead, zinc alloy or plastic in a mold to produce a particular shape. Such toys are made of metal, with plastic, rubber, glass, or other machined metal parts. Wholly plastic toys are made by a similar process of injection molding, but the two methods are distinct because of the properties of the materials.
Cantarell Field
Cantarell Field or Cantarell Complex is an aging supergiant offshore oil field in Mexico. It was discovered in 1976 after oil stains were noticed by a fisherman, Rudesindo Cantarell Jimenez, in 1972. It was placed on nitrogen injection in 2000, and production peaked at 2.1 million barrels per day (330,000 m3/d) in 2004. In terms of cumulative production to date, it was  the largest oil field in Mexico, and one of the largest in the world. However, production has declined since 2004, falling to 158,300 barrels per day (25,200 m3/d) in 2022. In 2009 it was superseded by Ku-Maloob-Zaap as Mexico's largest oil field.

Ku-Maloob-Zaap
Ku-Maloob-Zaap is an oil field in Mexico. It is made up of three relatively large fields, Ku, Maloob, and Zaap, which are located to the immediate northwest of the Cantarell field. The field lies in 100 m (330 ft) of water.

Ku-Maloob-Zaap is located offshore in the Bay of Campeche, off the coast of Tabasco, 105 kilometres (65 mi) from Ciudad del Carmen. It was discovered by PEMEX, Mexico's national oil company, in 1979. It covers an area of 121 square kilometres (47 sq mi), and includes five fields: Ku, Maloob, Zaap, Bacab, Lum, and Zazil-Ha. The Ku, Maloob, and Zaap fields produce from the Kimmeridgian, Lower Paleocene-Upper Cretaceous, and Middle Eocene reservoirs. Total reserves of the field have been put at 4.9 billion barrels.
Blaydon
Blaydon is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, England, and historically in County Durham. Blaydon, and neighbouring Winlaton, which Blaydon is now contiguous with, form the town of Blaydon-on-Tyne. The Blaydon/Winlaton ward had a population in 2011 of 13,896.

Between 1894 and 1974, Blaydon was an urban district which extended inland from the Tyne along the River Derwent for ten miles (16 km), and included the mining communities of Chopwell and High Spen, the villages of Rowlands Gill, Blackhall Mill, Barlow, Winlaton Mill and Stella, as well as Blaydon and Winlaton. During its existence, the Urban District's fourteen and a half square miles constituted the second largest administrative district by area, on Tyneside, after Newcastle upon Tyne.

Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead
The Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead is a metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear, England. It includes Gateshead, Rowlands Gill, Whickham, Blaydon, Ryton, Felling, Birtley, Pelaw, Dunston and Low Fell. The borough forms part of the Tyneside conurbation, centred on Newcastle upon Tyne. At the 2021 census, the borough had a population of 196,154.

It is bordered by the local authority areas of Newcastle upon Tyne to the north, Northumberland to the west, County Durham to the south, Sunderland to the south-east, and South Tyneside to the east. The council is a member of the North East Combined Authority.
2022 AFC Champions League qualifying play-offs
The 2022 AFC Champions League qualifying play-offs were played from 8 to 15 March 2022. A total of 16 teams competed in the qualifying play-offs to decide seven of the 40 places in the group stage of the 2022 AFC Champions League.

2022 AFC Champions League group stage
The 2022 AFC Champions League group stage was played from 15 April to 1 May 2022 for the East Region and from 7 to 27 April 2022 for the West Region. A total of 40 teams competed in the group stage to decide the 16 places in the knockout stage of the 2022 AFC Champions League.
Advanced Reconnaissance Vehicle
The Advanced Reconnaissance Vehicle (ARV) is an armored vehicle program initiated by the United States Marine Corps (USMC) to replace the aging LAV-25 family of vehicles, which has been in service since 1983. Designed as part of the Marine Corps' modernization efforts, the ARV is intended to provide enhanced mobility, reconnaissance capabilities, and integrated electronic warfare (EW) functions. The U.S. Marine Corps plans for a number of ARV variants. The first variant is the Command, Control, Communications and Computers/Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ARV C4/UAS) version and the second variant is the ARV-30, which is a variant armed with a 30 mm autocannon.

LAV-25
The LAV-25 (Light Armored Vehicle) is a member of the LAV II family. It is an eight-wheeled amphibious armored reconnaissance vehicle built by General Dynamics Land Systems and used by the United States Marine Corps and the United States Army.
Japan Electronic Industries Development Association
The Japan Electronic Industry Development Association (社団法人日本電子工業振興協会, Shadan-hōjin Nihon Denshi Kōgyo Shinkō Kyōkai, JEIDA) (Formerly Ryoko Communications Association Co., Ltd. (りょうこ通信協会, Ryō ko tsūshin kyōkai, RCA)) was an industry research, development, and standards body for electronics in Japan. It was merged with EIAJ to form JEITA on November 1, 2000.

JEIDA was similar to SEMATECH of the US, ECMA of Europe.

JEIDA developed a number of standards, including the JEIDA memory card, and the Exif graphical file format.

Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association
The Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (Japanese: 社団法人電子情報技術産業協会, Hepburn: Shadan-hōjin Denshi Jōhō Gijutsu Sangyō Kyōkai, JEITA) is a Japanese trade organization for the electronics and IT industries. It was formed in 2000 from two earlier organizations, the Electronic Industries Association of Japan and the Japan Electronic Industries Development Association.
Anni-Frid Lyngstad
Anni-Frid Synni Lyngstad KVO1kl (born 15 November 1945), also known simply as Frida, is a Swedish singer who is best known as one of the founding members and lead singers of the pop band ABBA. Born in Bjørkåsen (in Ballangen Municipality), Norway, to a Norwegian mother and a German father, she grew up in Torshälla, Sweden.

Lyngstad found international fame when she joined ABBA, who have sold over 400 millions records (albums and singles) worldwide, making the group, which included her second husband Benny Andersson, one of the best-selling music acts in history.

After the break-up of ABBA, she continued an international solo singing career with mixed success, before retiring from music.

Benny Andersson
Göran Bror Benny Andersson KVO1kl (Swedish: [ˈbɛ̌nːʏ ˈânːdɛˌʂɔn] ⓘ; born 16 December 1946) is a Swedish musician, composer and producer best known as a member of the pop group ABBA and co-composer of the musicals Chess, Kristina från Duvemåla, and Mamma Mia! For the 2008 film version of Mamma Mia! and its 2018 sequel, Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again, he also worked as an executive producer. Since 2001, he has been active with his own band Benny Anderssons orkester.
Belgrave, Leicester
Belgrave is an area, suburb, electoral ward and administrative division of the city of Leicester, in the ceremonial county of Leicestershire, England. Belgrave is the location of and known for several notable and famous landmarks such as the National Space Centre, Space Park Leicester, Abbey Pumping Station, the Golden Mile and Belgrave Hall. It is also noted for being the location of businesses such as British United Shoe Machinery and Wolsey.

The Old Belgrave Village, containing the Belgrave Conservation Area, including Belgrave Hall, Belgrave House, St Peter's Church and The Talbot Pub is to the west of Loughborough Road and to the east of the River Soar.

Golden Mile (Leicester)
The Golden Mile is a name given to Belgrave Road, just north east of the city centre in Leicester, England. The road sells the most gold in all of Europe. It is part of the ancient Roman Fosse Way and today is famed for its jewellers, Indian restaurants, sari shops, annual winter illuminations and its internationally renowned annual Diwali celebrations, the largest of their kind outside of India.
Calstock
Calstock (Cornish: Kalstok) is a civil parish and a large village in south east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, on the border with Devon. The village is situated on the River Tamar 6 miles (9.7 km) south west of Tavistock and 10 miles (16 km) north of Plymouth.

The parish had a population of 6,095 in the 2001 census. This had increased to 6,431 at the 2011 census. The parish encompasses 5,760 acres (23.3 km2) of land, 70 acres (0.28 km2) of water, and 44 acres (0.18 km2) of the tidal Tamar.

As well as Calstock, other settlements in the parish include Albaston, Chilsworthy, Gunnislake, Harrowbarrow, Latchley, Metherell, Coxpark, Dimson, Drakewalls, Norris Green, Rising Sun and St Ann's Chapel.

Calstock village is within the Tamar Valley AONB, is overlooked by Cotehele house and gardens, and lies on the scenic Tamar Valley railway. Calstock railway station opened on 2 March 1908. The village is twinned with Saint-Thuriau in Brittany, France.

Tamar Valley Line
The Tamar Valley Line is a railway line from Plymouth, Devon, to Gunnislake, Cornwall, in England, also known as the Gunnislake branch line. The line follows the River Tamar for much of its route. Like all railway lines in Devon and Cornwall, it is unelectrified and all trains are diesel powered. The entire line is single track past St. Budeaux Junction.
Santa Cruz Bicycles
Santa Cruz Bicycles, LLC is an American division of Dutch conglomerate Pon Holdings that manufactures mountain bikes in Santa Cruz, California. They sponsor the Santa Cruz Syndicate, a downhill racing team. The company moved premises from 104 Bronson Street to 2841 Mission Street in 2013. Formerly owned by NHS, Inc. On July 3, 2015, Santa Cruz Bicycles was sold to Pon Holdings, a family-owned Dutch conglomerate with a bicycle division including brands such as Cervélo, Focus and Royal Dutch Gazelle.

NHS, Inc.
NHS, Inc. is an American sports equipment distribution company based in Santa Cruz, California. It was founded by Richard Novak, Doug Haut, and Jay Shuirman, three surfer friends from Santa Cruz, California, teamed up to start NHS. The acronym NHS comes from their surname initials. The company distributes the following brands: Santa Cruz Skateboards, Santa Cruz Snowboards, Santa Cruz Surfboards, Creature Skateboards, Independent Truck Company, Bronson Speed Co., Krux Trucks, Ricta Wheels, Mob Grip, OJ Wheels, Road Rider, Slimeballs, Bullet and Nor Cal Clothing Co. NHS formerly owned shares of Santa Cruz Bicycles, also co-founded by Richard Novak, but sold to Pon Holdings in 2015.

The company's main products are skateboard-related, but the company also manufactures snowboarding and surfing equipment.
Austen Cargill
Austen Stowell Cargill (April 8, 1888 – May 24, 1957) was an American businessman. He was the son of William Wallace Cargill, the founder of Cargill, the largest privately held company in the United States.

William Wallace Cargill
William Wallace Cargill (December 15, 1844 – October 17, 1909) was an American businessman. In 1865, he founded Cargill, which by 2008 was the largest privately held corporation in the United States in terms of revenue, employing over 150,000 people in 68 countries.
Limnic eruption
A limnic eruption, also known as a lake overturn, is an extremely rare type of natural hazard in which dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) suddenly erupts from deep lake waters, forming a gas cloud capable of asphyxiating wildlife, livestock, and humans. Scientists believe earthquakes, volcanic activity, and other explosive events can serve as triggers for limnic eruptions as the rising CO2 ejects water from the lake. Lakes in which such activity occurs are referred to as limnically active lakes or exploding lakes. Some features of limnically active lakes include:

CO2-saturated incoming water

A cool lake bottom indicating an absence of direct volcanic heat with lake waters

An upper and lower thermal layer with differing CO2 saturations

Proximity to areas with volcanic activity

Investigations of the Lake Monoun and Lake Nyos casualties led scientists to classify limnic eruptions as a distinct type of hazard event, even though they can be indirectly linked to volcanic eruptions.

Lake Nyos disaster
On 21 August 1986, a limnic eruption at Lake Nyos in northwestern Cameroon killed 1,746 people and 3,500 livestock.

The eruption triggered the sudden release of about 100,000–300,000 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2). The gas cloud initially rose at nearly 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph; 28 m/s) and then, being heavier than air, descended onto nearby villages, suffocating people and livestock within 25 kilometres (16 mi) of the lake.

A degassing system has since been installed at the lake, with the aim of reducing the concentration of CO2 in the waters and therefore the risk of further eruptions. Along with the Lake Monoun disaster two years earlier, it is one of only two recorded limnic eruptions in history.
Eddi Reader
Sadenia "Eddi" Reader MBE (born 29 August 1959) is a Scottish singer-songwriter, known for her work as the lead vocalist of the folk and soft rock band Fairground Attraction and for an enduring solo career. She is the recipient of three Brit Awards. In 2003, she showcased the works of Scotland's national poet, Robert Burns.

Fairground Attraction
Fairground Attraction are a British folk and soft rock band. They are best known for the 1988 hits "Perfect" and "Find My Love", both from their debut studio album The First of a Million Kisses. The band won two Brit Awards in 1989, but broke up the following year to pursue solo careers. They reformed in 2024.
IronRuby
IronRuby is an implementation of the Ruby programming language targeting Microsoft .NET Framework. It is implemented on top of the Dynamic Language Runtime (DLR), a library running on top of the Common Language Infrastructure that provides dynamic typing and dynamic method dispatch, among other things, for dynamic languages.

The project is currently inactive, with the last release of IronRuby (version 1.1.3) being in March 2011.

Ruby (programming language)
Ruby is a general-purpose programming language. Its design puts an emphasis on programming productivity and simplicity. In Ruby, everything is an object, including primitive data types. Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto started to develop the language in the mid-1990s in Japan.

Ruby is interpreted, high-level, and dynamically typed; its interpreter uses garbage collection and just-in-time compilation. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming. According to the creator, Ruby was influenced by Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, BASIC, and Lisp.
One Bennett Park
One Bennett Park is a skyscraper at 451 East Grand Avenue, in the Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago. The project was first announced as the building at 451 E. Grand Ave. in July 2014, approved in December 2014, and named One Bennett Park in October 2015. Both the building and the adjacent park are named for Edward H. Bennett, the Chicago architect and urban planner who coauthored the 1909 Plan of Chicago. The building topped-out in late 2018, and later opened in the spring of 2019. It is among Chicago's tallest skyscrapers.

Bennett Park (Chicago)
Bennett Park is a 2-acre (0.81 ha) park in the Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The park is named after Edward H. Bennett, a Chicago architect and urban planner who coauthored the 1909 Plan of Chicago.

The park was redesigned as part of the development of the adjacent residential tower One Bennett Park. The redesign was completed in 2019 and was carried out by landscape architecture firm Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates, which has also designed other Chicago public spaces including The 606, Maggie Daley Park, and the Barack Obama Presidential Center.
Rubens mare
The Rubens mare (foaled 1819) was an unnamed British Thoroughbred racehorse. In her only race she finished second in The Oaks in 1822. Later she became a top broodmare, foaling Ascot Gold Cup winner Camarine, 1000 Guineas winners May-day and Firebrand and Epsom Derby winner Phosphorus.

Phosphorus (horse)
Phosphorus (1834 – after 1843) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In his British career he ran three times and won two races. His most significant win came when he overcame a leg injury to win the 1837 Epsom Derby. Phosphorus was later sold and exported to Brunswick, but was unable to reproduce his English form. He was unsuccessful as a stallion.
Manuel Veiga (writer)
Manuel Veiga (born 27 March 1948) is a Cape Verdean writer, a linguist with references in the national and international level and a politician. He was minister of culture of his country from 2004 to 2011.

As a specialist he did the largest studies and works of appreciation of the Cape Verdean Creole, an Upper Guinean form of Portuguese Creole. He was born in Santa Catarina on the island of Santiago.

Ministry of Culture (Cape Verde)
The Ministry of Culture and Creative Industries is a national ministry of the Government of Cape Verde, which is responsible for politics in the area of the country's culture.  Its current minister is Augusto Jorge de Albuquerque Veiga, since August 2024.

Along with other posts, it was created in 1975 after Cape Verde became independent.

The post is responsible for famous historic landmarks.  It also has an institute (Portuguese: Instituto da Investigação e do Património Culturais (IIPC)), the Cultural Heritage Investigation Institute.
Haemyts
Haemyts or Khamits (Ossetian: Хæмыц, Adyghe: Хъымыщ, Kabardian: Хъымыщ, Chechen: Хамчи, Ingush: Хамча, Abkhazian: Хмышь, Abaza: Хъмыщ, Karachay-Balkar: Хымыч) is the hero of the Nart saga of the peoples of the Caucasus, son of Akhsartag and Dzerassae, the father of the hero Batraz and the twin brother of Uruzmaeg, with whom they often went on conquest campaigns together.

Dzerassae
Dzerassæ (Ossetian: Дзерассæ) is a figure in Ossetian mythology best known as the daughter of the water deity Donbettyr and the mother of several Nart saga heroes. She was the wife of Akhsartag. With him, she was the mother of the twin heroes Uryzmaeg and Haemyts. She was also the mother of Syrdon, with Gaetaeg. After her death, the archangel Uastyrdzhi revived her and they became lovers in her tomb. Her daughter, the Nart Satanaya, was born thereafter.

She was usually depicted with golden hair, and was able to change her shape into a deer or a fish. Anthropologist Kevin Tuite has noted that this makes her similar to the Svan goddess Dali, who was also golden-haired and could change into animals.

The Dzerassa Planitia on Venus is named for Dzerassae.