hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Television news screen layout
A television news screen layout or television news screen interface refers to the layout image displayed during a television news program broadcast. The layouts used differ between television stations and countries, and information displayed may include things such as main news topics and headlines within the lower third, channel logos, a news ticker, a time clock, and in some cases weather and information in the economic and financial fields.

Different layouts may be used within news broadcasting to achieve varying effects, and designs are often formulated by broadcast designers with the intention of being informative and visually appealing. The main purpose of television news screen layouts is to present to viewers a concentrated level of information within the shortest amount of time possible, whilst maintaining a reasonably adequate balance so that excessive detail does not confuse the viewer.

Lower third
In the television industry, a lower third (alternatively known as a chyron) is a graphic overlay placed in the title-safe lower area of the screen, though not necessarily the entire lower third of it, as the name suggests.

In its simplest form, a lower third can just be text overlaying the video. Frequently this text is white with a drop shadow to make the words easier to read. A lower third can also contain graphical elements such as boxes, images or shading. Some lower thirds have animated backgrounds and text.

Lower thirds can be created using basic home-video editing software or professional-level equipment. This equipment makes use of video's alpha channel to determine what parts of the graphic or text should be transparent, allowing the video in the background to show through.
Greywacke zone
The Greywacke Zone (or Grauwackenzone in the original German) is a band of Paleozoic metamorphic rocks, dominated by units of metamorphosed sedimentary rock, that forms an east-west band through the Austrian Alps.

Stratigraphically, the Greywacke Zone can be up to 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) thick and it is built up from several individual nappes.

The zone is part of the Austroalpine nappe system and has a generally northward dip. It crops out between the Mesozoic rocks of the Northern Calcareous Alps and the Austroalpine and Penninic basement rocks of the Central Eastern Alps. The southern contact, with the basement rocks of the Austroalpine and Penninic nappes is a steeply dipping fault. The northern contact, with the Northern Calcareous Alps, is more complicated, it has rocks typical of the Greywacke Zone intercalated with those typical of the Northern Calcareous Alps and has been interpreted as a disrupted unconformable contact.

Austroalpine nappes
The Austroalpine nappes are a geological nappe stack system in the European Alps. They are structurally on top of the Penninic (meaning they were thrust over them).  The prefix Austro in this term refers to Austria, rather than south/southern. This is because the bulk of the Austroalpine nappes (which constitute the Eastern Alps except for some tectonic windows) is in Austria, although they also reach into Eastern Switzerland. The western boundary of the Eastern Alps is the Lake Constance - Chur – Lake Como line.
Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg
Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was a county and later a principality in southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located in the historical territory of Heiligenberg. It was created as a partition of Fürstenberg-Baar in 1559, and it suffered one partition between itself and Fürstenberg-Donaueschingen in 1617.

When Herman Egon of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was elevated to the estate of imperial princes (Reichsfürstenstand) in 1664, Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg was raised to a principality and existed as an imperially immediate territory. It inherited Fürstenberg-Donaueschingen in 1698, but following the extinction of its branch in 1716, it was  inherited by Fürstenberg-Fürstenberg.

House of Fürstenberg (Swabia)
The House of Fürstenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈfʏʁstn̩ˌbɛʁk] ⓘ; Fürstenhaus zu Fürstenberg) was an influential Swabian noble family in Germany, based primarily in what is today southern Baden-Württemberg near the source of the Danube river. Numerous members of the family have risen to prominence over the centuries as soldiers, churchmen, diplomats, and academics. Sometimes the name is transcribed as von Fürstenberg, gallicized as de Furstenberg or anglicized as Furstenberg.
LMNT
LMNT (pronounced "element") was an American boy band that was active from 2000 to 2003. The group's name was selected by the band's original line-up from contest entries solicited by Teen People magazine. It at first consisted of three singers (Ikaika Kahoano, Bryan Chan and Mike Miller) who had all competed on the 2000 series Making the Band (which had resulted in the creation of the boy band O-Town). Matthew Morrison joined the group in 2001, making it a quartet, but he left after a year and was replaced by Jonas Persch. This line-up recorded the band's sole album, All Sides (2002).

O-Town
O-Town is an American boy band formed from the first season of the reality television series Making the Band in 2000. As of 2015, the group consists of Erik-Michael Estrada, Trevor Penick, Jacob Underwood, and Dan Miller. The original line up included Ashley Parker Angel and Ikaika Kahoano, who was replaced by Miller after dropping out of the group.

After releasing two albums near the end of the boy band fad of the late 1990s and early 2000s, the group disbanded in 2003.  The group was originally managed by Lou Pearlman during their first season of Making the Band, but later managed by Mike Cronin and Mike Morin for their debut album and remaining television seasons.
Primitive Methodism in the United Kingdom
Primitive Methodism was a major movement in English and Welsh Methodism from about 1810 until the Methodist Union in 1932. It emerged from a revival at Mow Cop in Staffordshire. Primitive meant "simple" or "relating to an original stage"; the Primitive Methodists saw themselves as practising a purer form of Christianity, closer to that of the earliest Methodists. Although the denomination did not bear the name "Wesleyan" (unlike the earlier Wesleyan Methodist Church), Primitive Methodism was Wesleyan in theology, in contrast to the Calvinistic Methodists.

Wesleyan Methodist Church (Great Britain)
The Wesleyan Methodist Church (also named the Wesleyan Methodist Connexion) was the majority Methodist movement in England following its split from the Church of England after the death of John Wesley and the appearance of parallel Methodist movements.

The word Wesleyan in the title differentiated it from the Welsh Calvinistic Methodists (who were a majority of the Methodists in Wales) and from the Primitive Methodist movement, which separated from the Wesleyans in 1807. The Wesleyan Methodist Church followed John and Charles Wesley in holding to an Arminian theology, in contrast to the Calvinism held by George Whitefield, by Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon (founder of the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion), and by Howell Harris and Daniel Rowland, the pioneers of Welsh Methodism. Its Conference was also the legal successor to John Wesley as holder of the property of the original Methodist societies.
Daejeon National Cemetery
The Daejeon National Cemetery (Korean: 국립대전현충원) is located in Hyeonchungwon-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea. It is South Korea's second national cemetery after the Seoul National Cemetery and is overseen by the Ministry of Patriots' and Veterans' Affairs (South Korea).

The cemetery is reserved for Korean veterans, including those who died in the Korean independence movement, Korean War, Vietnam War and post–Korean War clashes with North Korea.

Seoul National Cemetery
Seoul National Cemetery (Korean: 국립서울현충원) is a cemetery in Dongjak-dong, Dongjak District, Seoul, South Korea. It is reserved for Korean veterans, including those who died in the Korean independence movement, Korean War, and Vietnam War. Four South Korean presidents are buried in the cemetery.

The Seoul National Cemetery is near Dongjak Station on Seoul Subway Line 4 or Seoul Subway Line 9. Except for some special days, the Seoul National Cemetery usually allows access to the public.
Pandebono
Pandebono or pan de bono is a type of Colombian bread made of cassava starch, cheese, eggs, and in some regions of the country, guava paste. Traditionally, it is consumed with hot chocolate, still warm a few minutes after baking. It is especially common in the Colombian department of Valle del Cauca. This bread can be made in both a round and a ring shape.

Colombian cuisine
Colombian cuisine is a culinary tradition of six main regions within Colombia: Insular, Caribbean, Pacific, Andean, Orinoco, and Amazonian. Colombian cuisine varies regionally and is influenced by Indigenous Colombian, Spanish, and African cuisines, with a slight Arab influence in some regions.
Potash
Potash (/ˈpɒtæʃ/ POT-ash) are mined and manufactured salts that contain potassium in water-soluble form. The term potash derives from pot ash, either plant ashes or wood ashes that were soaked in water in a pot, which was the primary means of manufacturing potash before the Industrial Era; the word potassium derives from the term potash.

In 2021, the worldwide production of potash exceeded 71.9 million tonnes (~45.4 million tonnes K2O equivalent), and Canada is the greatest producer of potash as fertilizer. Potassium was first derived in 1807 by electrolysis of caustic potash (potassium hydroxide).

Wood ash
Wood ash is the powdery residue remaining after the combustion of wood, such as burning wood in a fireplace, bonfire, or an industrial power plant. It is largely composed of calcium compounds, along with other non-combustible trace elements present in the wood, and has been used for many purposes throughout history.
Who Else Knows?
"Who Else Knows?" is the eleventh and penultimate episode of the second season of the American science fiction political spy thriller drama television series Andor. It is the twenty-third episode of the series overall; it was written by Tom Bissell and directed by Alonso Ruizpalacios.

"Who Else Knows?" was released on Disney+ on May 13, 2025 as part of a three-episode block also including "Make It Stop" and "Jedha, Kyber, Erso", and received universal acclaim from critics and audiences alike.

Jedha, Kyber, Erso
"Jedha, Kyber, Erso" is the series finale of the American science fiction political spy thriller drama television series Andor. It is the twelfth episode of the second season and the twenty-fourth episode of the series overall; it was written by Tom Bissell and directed by Alonso Ruizpalacios.

"Jedha, Kyber, Erso" was released on Disney+ on May 13, 2025 as part of a three-episode block also including "Make It Stop" and "Who Else Knows?", and received universal acclaim from critics and audiences alike for its performances, direction, cinematography and emotional weight.
Proton RESS
Reinforced Safety Structure (RESS) is the brand name of an automotive safety body construction system by the Malaysian carmaker, Proton. Debuting in 2012 with the Proton Preve, the RESS was developed to meet tougher global crash safety regulations through the application of heat treatment and hot press forming (HPF) technology.

Proton Prevé
The Proton Prevé is a four-door compact saloon developed by Malaysian automobile manufacturer Proton. It was launched on 16 April 2012 and is based on Proton's next-generation P2 platform. The Prevé is the saloon complement to its sister car, the Proton Suprima S hatchback, and is also the successor of Proton Inspira.

The Prevé is claimed to be Proton's first global car, evident in the name Prevé itself, which means to prove or proof.
Dreamed a Dream
"Dreamed a Dream" is a song by Japanese singer-songwriter Ayumi Hamasaki. It was released as a digital single only on July 31, 2020.

The song debuted at number 1 on the Oricon Daily Digital Singles Chart upon release, and peaked at number 22 on the Oricon Weekly Digital Singles Chart with sales of over 5,000 downloads.

A physical CD version of "Dreamed a Dream" was included in the limited edition of Hamasaki's latest concert DVD, Ayumi Hamasaki Countdown Live 2019–2020: Promised Land A, released on August 26, 2020. The song appears on the second bonus disc, alongside "Ohia no Ki".

Ohia no Ki
"Ohia no Ki" (オヒアの木, lit.  "Ohia tree") is a song by Japanese singer-songwriter Ayumi Hamasaki. It was released as a digital single only on July 5, 2020, following the airing of the final episode of M Aisubeki Hito ga Ite. The song is Hamasaki's first new release in almost two years and her first digital single since 2016's "We Are the Queens".

The song debuted at number 1 on the Oricon Daily Digital Singles chart upon release, and peaked at number 14 on the Weekly Digital Singles Chart after exceeding 10,000 downloads.

A physical CD version of "Ohia no Ki" was included in the limited edition of Hamasaki's latest concert DVD, Ayumi Hamasaki Countdown Live 2019–2020: Promised Land A, released in August 2020.
Yirowe
Yirowe, also spelt Yerrowa, Yerowa, Yeroweh or Yerowah (Somali: Yiroowe, Arabic: يروه) is a town in the Burao District, located in the Togdheer region of Somaliland. The town is located 20 km east of Burao, the provincial capital of the Togdheer region.

Burao
Burao, also spelt Bur'o or Bur'ao (Burr-OH; Somali: Burco, IPA: [Burˈʕo], Arabic: برعو), is the capital of the Togdheer region and the second largest city in Somaliland. Burao was the site of the declaration of an independent Somaliland on 18 May 1991.
Brandon Frazier
Brandon Michael Frazier (born November 19, 1992) is an American former competitive pair skater. With his skating partner, Alexa Knierim, he is the 2022 World champion, the 2023 World silver medalist, a 2022 Olympic gold medalist in the figure skating team event, the 2022 Grand Prix Final silver medalist, a two-time U.S. National champion (2021, 2023), and a three-time Grand Prix gold medalist.

With his former partner, Haven Denney, he is a four-time Grand Prix medalist (2 silver, 2 bronze), the 2013 World Junior champion, and the 2017 U.S. National champion.

Alexa Knierim
Alexa Paige Knierim (née Scimeca; born June 10, 1991) is an American former competitive pair skater. With her skating partner, Brandon Frazier, she is the 2022 World champion, the 2023 World silver medalist, a 2022 Olympic gold medalist in the figure skating team event, the 2022 Grand Prix Final silver medalist, a two-time U.S. National champion (2021, 2023), and a three-time Grand Prix gold medalist.

With her husband and former skating partner, Chris Knierim, she is a 2018 Olympic bronze medalist in the figure skating team event, a two-time Four Continents medalist (2016 silver, 2014 bronze), a three-time Grand Prix medalist (1 silver, 2 bronze), and a three-time U.S. National champion (2015, 2018, 2020). At the 2018 Winter Olympics, the Knierims became the first American pair, and the second pair ever in history, to perform a quad twist at the Olympic Games.
Emperor Go-Yōzei
Emperor Go-Yōzei (後陽成天皇, Go-Yōzei-tennō; Japanese pronunciation: [ɡo̞jo̞ːze̞ː tẽ̞nːo̞ː]) December 31, 1571 – September 25, 1617 was the 107th Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.: 111  Go-Yōzei's reign spanned the years 1586 through to his abdication in 1611, corresponding to the transition between the Azuchi–Momoyama period and the Edo period.

This 16th-century sovereign was named after the 9th-century Emperor Yōzei, and go- (後), translates as later, and thus, he could be called the "Later Emperor Yōzei". The Japanese word go has also been translated to mean the second one, and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Yōzei, the second", or as "Yōzei II".

Emperor Yōzei
Emperor Yōzei (陽成天皇, Yōzei-tennō; 2 January 869 – 23 October 949) was the 57th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Yōzei's reign spanned the years from 876 through 884.
Chestnut
Chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus Castanea, in the beech family Fagaceae. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Nut (fruit)
A nut is a fruit consisting of a hard or tough nutshell protecting a kernel which is usually edible. In general usage and in a culinary sense, many dry seeds are called nuts, but in a botanical context, "nut" implies that the shell does not open to release the seed (indehiscent).

Most seeds come from fruits that naturally free themselves from the shell, but this is not the case in nuts such as hazelnuts, chestnuts, and acorns, which have hard shell walls and originate from a compound ovary.
Edward Kelley
Edward Kelley or Kelly, also known as Edward Talbot (UK: /ˈtɔːlbət/; 1 August 1555 – 1597/8), was an English Renaissance occultist and scryer. He is known for working with John Dee in his magical investigations. Besides the professed ability to see spirits or angels in a "shew-stone" or mirror, which John Dee so valued, Kelley also said that he possessed the secret of transmuting base metals into gold, a goal of alchemy, as well as the philosopher's stone itself.

Legends began to surround Kelley shortly after his death. His flamboyant biography, his relationships with Queen Elizabeth I's royal magus John Dee and Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, his repute of having great alchemical skill, and his claimed ability to communicate with angels have all led to his relative notoriety among historians.

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Rudolf II (18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612) was Holy Roman Emperor (1576–1612), King of Hungary and Croatia (as Rudolf I, 1572–1608), King of Bohemia (1575–1608/1611) and Archduke of Austria (1576–1608). He was a member of the House of Habsburg.

Rudolf's legacy has traditionally been viewed in three ways: an ineffectual ruler whose mistakes led directly to the Thirty Years' War; a great and influential patron of Northern Mannerist art; and an intellectual devotee of occult arts and learning which helped seed what would be called the Scientific Revolution. Determined to unify Christendom, he initiated the Long Turkish War (1593–1606) with the Ottoman Empire. Exhausted by war, his citizens in Hungary revolted in the Bocskai Uprising, which led to more authority being given to his brother Matthias. Under Rudolf's reign, there was a policy of tolerance towards Judaism.
SOIUSA code
SOIUSA code is the code used in the International Standardized Mountain Subdivision of the Alps (ISMSA or SOIUSA), a proposal by Italian Alpinist, Sergio Marazzi, to re-categorize the mountains and mountain ranges of the Alps. The proposal has been aired since 2005 but has yet to receive official recognition.

SOIUSA
SOIUSA (an acronym for Suddivisione Orografica Internazionale Unificata del Sistema Alpino - English: International Standardized Mountain Subdivision of the Alps-ISMSA) is a classification system of the Alps from the geographic and toponomastic point of view.
It was designed by Sergio Marazzi, Italian researcher and author of the Orographic Atlas of the Alps SOIUSA. His book was presented with the patronage of the Italian Alpine Club on 23 Jan 2006, but has yet to receive any formal acceptance.
Raumism
Raumism (Esperanto: Raŭmismo [rau̯ˈmismo]) is an ideology beginning in 1980 with the Rauma Manifesto, which criticized the goals of the traditional Esperanto movement and defined the Esperanto community as "a stateless diaspora linguistic minority" based on freedom of association. Its name comes from the Finnish town of Rauma, where it was launched.

By doing so, Raumism tried to offer a different vision for Esperanto. Rather than focusing on having governments adopt it as an international communication tool, it suggested that the Esperanto was probably going to remain a minority language and that its culture was worth developing nevertheless.

The main achievement of this paradigm was the acceptance of the Esperanto PEN Centre by PEN International, which was itself a recognition of the literary value of Esperanto.

Literatura Foiro, established in 1970, is the most important Raumist magazine currently active.

Rauma, Finland
Rauma (Finnish: [ˈrɑu̯mɑ]; Swedish: Raumo) is a town in Finland, on the western coast of the country. Rauma is in the Satakunta region, by the Gulf of Bothnia. The population of Rauma is approximately 39,000, while the sub-region has a population of approximately 65,000. It is the 29th most populous municipality in Finland.

Rauma lies 92 kilometres (57 mi) north of Turku and 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Pori. Its neighbouring municipalities are Eura, Eurajoki, Laitila and Pyhäranta. Granted town privileges on 17 April 1442 (then under the rule of Sweden), Rauma is known for its paper and maritime industry, high quality lace (since the 18th century) and the old wooden architecture of the city centre (Old Rauma, Vanha Rauma), which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2020 Lanka Premier League final
The 2020 Lanka Premier League Final was a Twenty20 cricket match played on 16 December 2020 at the Mahinda Rajapaksa International Cricket Stadium, Hambantota, Sri Lanka between Galle Gladiators and Jaffna Stallions to ascertain the winner of 2020 Lanka Premier League. Jaffna Stallions won the match against Galle Gladiators by 53 runs to be the Champions of inaugural LPL.

2020 Lanka Premier League
The 2020 Lanka Premier League, also known as My11Circle LPL T20, for sponsorship reasons, was the inaugural edition of the Lanka Premier League (LPL) Twenty20 franchise cricket tournament in Sri Lanka. Five teams based on various Sri Lankan cities played a total of 23 matches. It was originally scheduled to start in August but was rescheduled several times due to restrictions for the COVID-19 pandemic.

On 5 November, the tournament was given the green light to go ahead, with all the matches being played at the MRIC Stadium in Hambantota, from 26 November to 16 December 2020. The opening ceremony took place before the first match. In November 2020, Indian fantasy cricket league platform My11Circle was named the title sponsor with a bid of Rs 150M (15 crore) for the tournament.

Jaffna Stallions won by 53 runs against Galle Gladiators in the final and became the inaugural Champions of LPL.
Rhiwbach quarry
Rhiwbach quarry (also known as Rhiw-bach quarry) was a slate quarry located to the east of Blaenau Ffestiniog in North Wales. The quarry was a remote site; it was nearly 4 miles (6.4 km) to north-east of Duffws, the Festiniog Railway's terminus in Blaenau Ffestiniog. It was the connected to the Ffestiniog Railway by the Rhiwbach Tramway. Commercial operation began around 1812, and it finally closed in 1952. It was the last Welsh slate quarry where workers lived in barracks on the site. 'Rhiwbach' is Welsh for 'Little Hill'.

Rhiwbach Tramway
The Rhiwbach Tramway was a Welsh industrial, 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm) narrow gauge railway connecting the remote slate quarries east of Blaenau Ffestiniog with the Ffestiniog Railway. It was in use by 1862, and remained so until progressively closed between 1956 and 1976. The route included three inclines, one of which became the last operational gravity incline in the North Wales slate industry. The tramway was worked by horses and gravity for much of its existence, but a diesel locomotive was used to haul wagons on the top section between 1953 and its closure in 1961.