hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rahmonberdi Madazimov
Rahmonberdi Madazimov (Russian: Рахмонберди Мадазимов) (1875–1933) was the founder and organizer of the theatrical movement in Kyrgyzstan, the founder and first artistic director of the Osh State Academic Uzbek Music and Drama Theater named after Babur in Osh city, and a writer.

Urinboy Rakhmonov
Urinboy Rahmonberdievich Rakhmonov (Russian: Уринбой Рахмонбердиевич Рахмонов) (4 (17) March 1910 – 5 October 1980) – Soviet Kyrgyz actor and theatrical figure, the founder of Bobur theater in the city of Osh, writer, poet.
North Belridge Oil Field
The North Belridge Oil Field is a large oil field along California State Route 33 in the northwestern portion of Kern County, California, about 45 miles west of Bakersfield.  It is contiguous with the larger South Belridge Oil Field to the southeast, in a region of highly productive and mature fields.  Discovered in 1912, it has had a cumulative production of 136,553,000 barrels (21,710,200 m3) of oil, and retains 27,443,000 barrels (4,363,100 m3) in reserve, as of the end of 2006, making it the 40th largest oil field in the state.

California State Route 33
State Route 33 (SR  33) is a north–south state highway in the U.S. state of California. It runs north from U.S. Route 101 in Ventura through the Transverse Ranges and the western side of the San Joaquin Valley to Interstate 5 at a point east of Tracy. SR 33 replaced part of U.S. Route 399 in 1964 during the "great renumbering" of routes. In the unincorporated sections of Kern County it is known as the West Side Highway. In addition, the California Legislature designated the entire Kern County portion as the Petroleum Highway in 2004. The southernmost portion in Ventura is a freeway known as the Ojai Freeway, while it is known as the Maricopa Highway from Ojai to Maricopa.
Sgt. MacKenzie
"Sgt. MacKenzie" is a lament written and sung by Joseph Kilna MacKenzie (1955-2009), in memory of his great-grandfather who was killed in combat during World War I. It has been used in the 2002 movie We Were Soldiers and the ending scene of the 2012 film End of Watch.

Clann An Drumma
Clann An Drumma (Scots Gaelic for "Children of the Drum") is a tribal band from Glasgow, Scotland.  Their music involves heavy use of percussion and bagpipes.  The band's motto is "Keep it Tribal". Their line-up has changed over the years and, as of 2023, the band has released seven studio albums. Clann An Drumma was formed by Joe Kilna MacKenzie (died 28 April 2009), Jacquie Holland, Tu-Bardh Stormcrow Wilson and others.

One of their better-known pieces is Sgt. MacKenzie, composed by Joe MacKenzie in memory of his great grandfather, Charles Stuart MacKenzie, who was killed in action during World War I.  "Sgt. MacKenzie" is perhaps a departure from their usual style, its drumming and piping subdued and primarily a vocal piece.  It was featured in the soundtrack to the films, We Were Soldiers (2002) and End of Watch (2012).
John Kells Ingram
John Kells Ingram (7 July 1823 – 1 May 1907) was an Irish mathematician, economist and poet.  He has been co-credited, along with John William Stubbs, with introducing the geometric concept of inversion in a circle.

Thomas Edward Cliffe Leslie
Thomas Edward Cliffe Leslie (21 June 1825 – 27 January 1882) was an Irish jurist and economist. He was professor of jurisprudence and political economy in Queen's College, Belfast, noted for challenging the Wages-Fund doctrine and for addressing contemporary agrarian policy questions.  A critic of Ricardian orthodoxy, he said that it had sidelined consumer behaviour and demand. He developed the idea of consumer sovereignty, but insisted that the analysis of demand should be based on historical and comparative institutional work.
Transmashholding
CJSC Transmashholding (Russian: Трансмашхолдинг) is the largest manufacturer of locomotives and rail equipment in Russia, and after merging with LocoTech service, the fourth largest engineering company in the field of transport technology globally.

The company includes 14 engineering and production sites in Russia and one production and engineering site in Germany as well as investments in Argentina.

Kolomna Locomotive Works
The Kolomna Locomotive Works (Russian: Коломенский завод, romanized: Kolomensky zavod) is a major producer of railway locomotives as well as locomotive and marine diesel engines in Russia. The plant started production in 1869 with a freight steam locomotive, one of the first in Russia. In the Russian Empire, Kolomna was one of the few producers in Russia. During this period, 139 types of steam locomotives were designed. As of 2015, the company is now a part of Transmashholding.
University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
The University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (UCASS; 中国社会科学院大学) is a public university headquartered in Beijing, China. It is affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The university was formed based on the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, integrating undergraduate and part of the graduate education programs from China Youth University of Political Studies.

Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) is a Chinese state research institute and think tank. It is a ministry-level institution under the State Council of the People's Republic of China. The CASS is the highest academic institution and comprehensive research center for philosophy and social sciences research in China.

The CASS was founded in May 1977. Its predecessor was the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The main research objects of the Academy of Social Sciences are the language, philosophy, law, economy, religion, ethnicity, archaeology, history and literature of China and other countries in the world. The Academy of Social Sciences is divided into 6 academic departments and 37 research institutes.
II Corps (United States)
The II Corps was a corps-sized formation of the United States Army that was active in both World War I and World War II. It was originally formed and fought on the Western Front during World War I and was also the first American formation of any size to see combat in North Africa or Europe during World War II.

Tunisian campaign
The Tunisian campaign (also known as the Battle of Tunisia) was a series of battles that took place in Tunisia during the North African campaign of the Second World War, between Axis and Allied forces from 17 November 1942 to 13 May 1943. The Allies consisted of British Imperial Forces, including a Greek contingent, with American and French corps. Despite initial successes by the German and Italian forces brought from the mainland and which had withdrawn into and occupied Tunisia after their defeat in the Western Desert and the success of Operation Torch, massive supply interdiction efforts and Allied assaults from east and west led to the decisive defeat of the Axis. Over 260,000 German and Italian troops were taken as prisoners of war, including most of the Afrika Korps.
Nordvorstadt (Leipzig)
The Nordvorstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʁtfoːɐ̯ˌʃtat] ⓘ, lit. 'Northern Vorstadt') in Leipzig in Germany is an area north of the city center and belongs to the borough (Stadtbezirk) of Leipzig-Mitte. The designation is not official. The Nordvorstadt stretches from the Inner City Ring Road to the boundaries of the former villages and today's Leipzig localities of Gohlis and Eutritzsch. It had its origins in the former tanners' quarter. The Nordvorstadt was incorporated into Leipzig in 1839 and developed according to plan from 1868/1869. With minor deviations, their area corresponds to the locality of Zentrum-Nord defined in Leipzig's municipal structure of 1992.

Vorstadt
In German, a Vorstadt (German: [ˈfoːɐ̯ˌʃtat] ⓘ, literally "fore city") is an area of a city that is outside the Altstadt (city center) but tightly connected to it and densely populated, thus distinguishing itself from a Vorort (suburb).

Historically, a Vorstadt ("suburb" in German) was a settlement outside the city walls, sometimes dedicated to specific trades. Later, large Vorstädte appeared in the Gründerzeit era. Places named Vorstadt include Vorstadt (Königsberg), the Oranienburger Vorstadt in Berlin or the Nordvorstadt (lit. Northern Vorstadt) and the Inner West Vorstadt in Leipzig and other cities in Germany.

Its French equivalent is faubourg, the Dutch equivalent is Voorstad, e.g. Voorstad St. Jacob in Roermond.
HP 49/50 series
The HP 49/50 series are Hewlett-Packard (HP) manufactured graphing calculators. They are the successors of the  HP 48 series.

There are five calculators in the 49/50 series of HP graphing calculators. These calculators have both algebraic and RPN entry modes, and can perform numeric and symbolic calculations using the built-in Computer Algebra System (CAS), which is an improved ALG48 and Erable combination from the HP 48 series.

It is widely considered the greatest calculator ever designed for engineers, scientists, and surveyors. It has advanced functions suitable for applications in mathematics, linear algebra, physics, statistical analysis, numerical analysis, computer science, and others.
Although out of production, its popularity has led to high prices on the used market.

HP 39/40 series
HP 39/40 series are graphing calculators from Hewlett-Packard, the successors of HP 38G. The series consists of six calculators, which all have algebraic entry modes, and can perform numeric analysis together with varying degrees of symbolic calculation. All calculators in this series are aimed at high school level students and are characterized by their ability to download (via cable or infrared) APLETs or E-lessons. These are programs of varying complexity which are generally intended to be used in the classroom to enhance the learning of mathematics by the graphical and/or numerical exploration of concepts.
Oscar Broneer
Oscar Theodore Broneer (December 28, 1894  – February 22, 1992) was a prominent Swedish American educator and archaeologist known in particular for his work on Ancient Greece. He is most associated with his discovery of the Temple of Isthmia, an important Panhellenic shrine dating from the seventh century B.C.

Temple of Isthmia
The Temple of Isthmia is an ancient Greek temple on the Isthmus of Corinth dedicated to the god Poseidon and built in the Archaic Period. It is about 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) east of ancient Corinth, at the site of ancient Isthmia. It appears to have been constructed in the seventh century BC though was later destroyed in 470 BC and rebuilt as the Temple of Poseidon at Isthmia in c. 440 BC during the Classical period.
1997 Bethel Regional High School shooting
The 1997 Bethel Regional High School shooting was a school shooting that occurred on February 19, 1997, at Bethel Regional High School in Bethel, Alaska. 16-year-old student Evan Ramsey killed two people and wounded two people before surrendering to police.

Bethel, Alaska
Bethel (Central Yupik: Mamterilleq) is a city in the U.S. state of Alaska, located on the Kuskokwim River approximately 50 miles (80 km) from where the river flows into Kuskokwim Bay. It is the largest community in western Alaska and in the Unorganized Borough, as well as the eighth-largest in the state. Bethel has a population of 6,325 as of the 2020 census, up from 6,080 in 2010.

Annual events in Bethel include the Kuskokwim 300 dogsled race; Camai, a Yup'ik dance festival held each spring; and the Bethel Fair held in August.
Blaenau Ffestiniog Central railway station
On 10 September 1883, the Bala and Festiniog Railway (B&FR) and the Festiniog Railway (FR) opened what would be known as an interchange station in Blaenau Ffestiniog, Merionethshire, Wales. Merionethshire is now part of the county of Gwynedd.

The station was initially named plain "Blaenau Festiniog" (without a second f), being renamed Blaenau Ffestiniog Central in 1951. It closed to passengers on 4 January 1960 and closed completely a year later. The B&FR was part of the Great Western Railway in all but name, becoming vested in the GWR in 1910.

Blaenau Ffestiniog railway station
Blaenau Ffestiniog railway station serves the slate mining town of Blaenau Ffestiniog, Wales, and is the southern terminus of the Conwy Valley Line. Transport for Wales Rail operates services to Llandudno Junction and Llandudno. National Rail shares the station with the narrow gauge Ffestiniog Railway, which operates primarily tourist passenger services to Porthmadog throughout most of the year. A feature of the standard gauge service is the availability on trains and buses of the popular Gwynedd Red Rover day ticket.
Rodale, Inc.
Rodale, Inc. (/ˈroʊdeɪl/), was an American publisher of health and wellness magazines, books, and digital properties headquartered in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, with a satellite office in New York City. The company was founded in 1930. In 2017, it was acquired by New York City-based Hearst Communications, a media conglomerate.

The company launched and published health and wellness lifestyle magazines, including Men's Health and Prevention, and books, including the bestsellers An Inconvenient Truth by Al Gore and Eat This, Not That by health writer David Zinczenko.

Emmaus, Pennsylvania
Emmaus (/ɛˈmeɪ.əs/ em-AY-əs) is a borough in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 U.S. census, it had a population of 11,652. Emmaus is located in the Lehigh Valley, the third-largest metropolitan area in Pennsylvania and 68th-largest metropolitan area in the nation.

In 2007 and again in 2009, Emmaus was listed as one of the top 100 "Best Places to Live" in the United States by Money magazine.

Emmaus is located 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Allentown, 53.4 miles (85.9 km) north of Philadelphia, and 91.6 miles (147.4 km) west of New York City.
Stratford, Oklahoma
Stratford is a town in Garvin County, Oklahoma, United States. Prior to Oklahoma statehood in 1907, the town existed under different names and was in the Chickasaw Nation in a geographic region known as Indian Territory. Peach orchards abound in and around the town. As of the 2020 census, the town’s population was 1,405.

Garvin County, Oklahoma
Garvin County is a county in south-central Oklahoma, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,656. Its county seat is Pauls Valley. In 1906, delegates to the Constitution Convention formed Garvin County from part of the Chickasaw Nation, Indian Territory. The county was named after Samuel J. Garvin, a local Chickasaw rancher, merchant, and banker. Its economy is largely based on farming, ranching and oil production.
Thrilling Publications
Thrilling Publications, also known as Beacon Magazines (1936–37), Better Publications (1937–43) and Standard Magazines (1943–55), was a pulp magazine publisher run by Ned Pines, publishing such titles as Startling Stories and Thrilling Wonder Stories.

Pines became the president of Pines Publications in 1928. Pines folded most of his magazines in 1955 but continued to lead the company until 1961.

Ned Pines
Noah Lewis "Ned" Pines (December 10, 1905 – May 14, 1990) was an American publisher of pulp magazines, comic books, and paperback books, active from at least 1928 to 1971. His Standard Comics imprint was the parent company of the comic-book lines  Nedor Publishing and Better Publications, the most prominent character of which was the superhero the Black Terror. Pines also established the paperback book publisher Popular Library, which eventually merged with Fawcett Publications.
Şabat District
Şabat District (Turkmen: Şabat Etraby), formerly Saparmyrat Nyýazow District and Tashauz District is a district of Daşoguz Province in Turkmenistan. The administrative center of the district is the city of Şabat.

Daşoguz Region
41°0′N 58°30′E﻿ / ﻿41.000°N 58.500°E﻿ / 41.000; 58.500

Daşoguz Region (Turkmen: Daşoguz welaýaty; formerly Daşhowuz) is one of the regions of Turkmenistan.  It is in the north of the country, bordering Uzbekistan. The area of the province is 73,430 square kilometers, and the total population is 1,550,354 (2022 census).  The capital is Daşoguz.

The region is mostly desert, and is experiencing severe environmental degradation as a result of the Aral Sea ecological catastrophe. Increased soil salinity has ruined thousands of square kilometers of farmland.

The region contains the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Köneürgenç and the archaeological site, Butentau.
The Moon and Sixpence (1959 film)
The Moon and Sixpence is an American television movie that was broadcast on NBC on October 30, 1959.  The production, starring Laurence Olivier, was adapted by S. Lee Pogostin from the novel by Somerset Maugham. The production won multiple Emmy and Sylvania Awards, including awards for Olivier's acting, Pogostin's adaptation, and Robert Mulligan's direction.

The Moon and Sixpence
The Moon and Sixpence is a novel by Somerset Maugham, first published on 15 April 1919. It is told in episodic form by a first-person narrator providing a series of glimpses into the mind and soul of the central character, Charles Strickland, a middle-aged English stockbroker, who abandons his wife and children abruptly to pursue his desire to become an artist. The story is, in part, based on the life of the painter Paul Gauguin.
Jardin Exotique, Monaco
Jardin Exotique (French pronunciation: [ʒaʁdɛ̃ ɛɡzɔtik]; Monégasque: Giardi̍n eso̍ticu) is the westernmost ward in the Principality of Monaco. It is incorporated in the traditional quarter of La Condamine.

Jardin Exotique ward was created in 2013, from the Les Révoires and La Colle wards, as part of an overall re-redistricting at that time. The name comes from the exotic gardens located in this ward, the Jardin Exotique de Monaco which has many rare imported plants especially cacti and succulents.

Les Révoires
Les Révoires (French pronunciation: [le ʁevwaʁ]) is a northwestern area in the Principality of Monaco. It is a residential and tourist area, part of the traditional quarter of La Condamine. In 2008, it had a population of 2,545. Les Révoires was a ward of Monaco until 2013, when it was merged with La Colle into the new Jardin Exotique ward.
J-Star
J-Star, short for Jungiery Star, is associated with Jungiery, a Taiwanese artiste management company. The members of J-Star include 5566, 183 Club, 7 Flowers, Typhoon, Taiji, LALA, VJ, and Cyndi Wang. R&B and K-One were also part of J-Star. Some original R&B members left Jungiery, and the remaining members were regrouped with other Jungiery trainees to form the bubblegum-pop group LALA. K-One has since returned to Wingman Entertainment.

5566 is considered the main pillar of J-Star.

183 Club
183Club, , was a Taiwanese boyband that was managed by Jungiery and was part of J-Star. Originally, the group was called "183 Yu Le Bu," meaning "183 Entertainment Group," but it was later decided that the name should be shortened to 183Club.

They have acted in various Taiwanese dramas such as Magicians of Love, The Prince Who Turns into a Frog and Le Robe de Mariage des Cieux.

The group's Magicians of Love Original Soundtrack won Best Original Soundtrack at the 2007 HITO Radio Music Awards, presented by Taiwanese radio station Hit FM.
Elizabeth Montagu
Elizabeth Montagu (née Robinson; 2 October 1718 – 25 August 1800) was a British social reformer, patron of the arts, salonnière, literary critic and writer, who helped to organize and lead the Blue Stockings Society. Her parents were both from wealthy families with strong ties to the British peerage and learned life. She was sister to Sarah Scott, author of A Description of Millenium [sic] Hall and the Country Adjacent. She married Edward Montagu, a man with extensive landholdings, to become one of the richer women of her era. She devoted this fortune to fostering English and Scottish literature and to the relief of the poor.

Salon (gathering)
A salon is a gathering of people held by a host. These gatherings often consciously followed Horace's definition of the aims of poetry, "either to please or to educate" (Latin: aut delectare aut prodesse). Salons in the tradition of the French literary and philosophical movements of the 17th and 18th centuries are still being conducted.
Corner reflector
A corner reflector is a retroreflector consisting of three mutually perpendicular, intersecting flat reflective surfaces. It reverses the direction of an incoming wave by translation via reflections from the three orthogonal sides. The three intersecting surfaces often are triangles (forming a tetrahedron) or may have square shapes. Radar corner reflectors made of metal are used to reflect radio waves from radar sets. Optical corner reflectors, called corner cubes or cube corners, made of three-sided glass prisms, are used in surveying and laser ranging.

Prism (optics)
An optical prism is a transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that are designed to refract light. At least one surface must be angled—elements with only two parallel surfaces are windows, not prisms. The most familiar type of optical prism is the triangular prism, which has a triangular base and rectangular sides. Not all optical prisms are geometric prisms, and not all geometric prisms would count as an optical prism. Prisms can be made from any material that is transparent to the wavelengths for which they are designed. Typical materials include glass, acrylic and fluorite.

A dispersive prism can be used to break white light up into its constituent spectral colors (the colors of the rainbow) to form a spectrum as described in the following section.  Other types of prisms noted below can be used to reflect light, or to split light into components with different polarizations.
Zimrin
Zimrin (Arabic: زمرين, transliteration: Zimrīn, also spelled Zamrin) is a village in southern Syria, administratively part of the as-Sanamayn District in the Daraa Governorate. Nearby localities include Qayta and as-Sanamayn to the east, Samlin and Inkhil to the southeast, Jasim to the south, Nimer to the southwest, al-Harra to the west, Aqraba to the northwest and Kafr Shams to the northeast. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Zimrin had a population of 2,048 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Al-Harra, Daraa
Al-Harra (Arabic: الحارّة, romanized: al-Hārrāh, also spelled Khirbet al-Harra; translation: "the Hot") is a city in southern Syria, administratively part of the as-Sanamayn District in the Daraa Governorate. Located in the Hauran plain, it lies 55 kilometers (34 mi) north of Daraa, and just east of Bir Ajam and the Golan Heights, northwest of Jasim, west of as-Sanamayn and southwest of Kafr Shams. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Harra had a population of 17,172 in the 2004 census. The city’s inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.
Frances Farenthold
Mary Frances Tarlton "Sissy" Farenthold (October 2, 1926 – September 26, 2021) was an American politician, attorney, activist, and educator. She was best known for her two campaigns for governor of Texas in 1972 and 1974, and for being placed in nomination for vice president of the United States, finishing second at the 1972 Democratic National Convention. She was elected as the first chair of the National Women's Political Caucus in 1973.

National Women's Political Caucus
The National Women's Political Caucus (NWPC) is an organization which was founded in 1971 by leaders of the women's liberation movement to promote women's participation in government. The group describes itself as a multi-partisan grassroots organization in the United States dedicated to recruiting, training, and supporting women who seek elected and appointed offices at all levels of government. The NWPC endorses female candidates at the state and national level who adhere to the organization's core set of values.