hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dora I
Dora I (Dora 1) is a former German submarine base and submarine pen or bunker built in Trondheim, Norway. Construction of the bunker (designated by the Germans as DORA I) was undertaken during the Second World War. Nearby is the uncompleted Dora II (Dora 2). Trondheim was traditionally referred to as Drontheim in German, and the name DORA is the letter "D" in the German phonetic alphabet.

Dora II
Dora II (Dora 2) is an unfinished German submarine base and submarine pen or bunker in Trondheim, Norway, which is next to Dora I (Dora 1). Construction of the bunker (designated by the Germans as DORA II) was undertaken during the Second World War, but the complex was never finished unlike Dora I. Trondheim was traditionally referred to as Drontheim in German, and the name DORA is the letter "D" in the German phonetic alphabet.
Tunica externa
The tunica externa (Neo-Latin "outer coat"), also known as the tunica adventitia (Neo-Latin "additional coat"), is the outermost tunica (layer) of a blood vessel, surrounding the tunica media. It is mainly composed of collagen and, in arteries, is supported by external elastic lamina. The collagen serves to anchor the blood vessel to nearby organs, giving it stability.

The three layers of the blood vessels are: an inner tunica intima, a middle tunica media, and an outer tunica externa.

Blood vessel
Blood vessels  are the tubular structures of a circulatory system transporting blood in animal bodies. Blood vessels transport blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to most of the tissues of a body, and also transport waste products and carbon dioxide away from the tissues. Some tissues – such as cartilage, epithelium, and the lens and cornea of the eye – are not supplied with blood vessels, so are termed avascular.

There are five types of blood vessels: the arteries, which carry the blood away from the heart; the arterioles; the capillaries, where the exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and tissues occurs; the venules; and the veins, which carry blood from the capillaries back towards the heart.

The word, vascular, is derived from the Latin vas, meaning vessel, and is used in reference to blood vessels.
Éditions du Seuil
Éditions du Seuil (French: [edisjɔ̃ dy sœj]), also known as Le Seuil, is a French publishing house established in 1935 by Catholic intellectual Jean Plaquevent (1901–1965), and currently owned by La Martinière Groupe. It owes its name to this goal "The seuil (threshold) is the whole excitement of parting and arriving. It is also the brand new threshold that we refashion at the door of the Church to allow entry to many whose foot gropes around it" (Jean Plaquevent, letter dated 28 December 1934).

La Martinière Groupe
La Martinière Groupe (French pronunciation: [la maʁtinjɛʁ ɡʁup]) is a French publishing house. It was formed in 1994. Subsidiaries include France's Éditions du Seuil and the United States' Abrams Books. In 2018, La Martinière was acquired by Média-Participations.
Black Summer (TV series)
Black Summer is an American horror drama television series created by Karl Schaefer and John Hyams. It is a spinoff of Z Nation. The first season, consisting of eight episodes, was released on Netflix on April 11, 2019. The series is produced by The Asylum, the same production company behind Z Nation, and is written and directed primarily by Hyams, with Abram Cox writing and directing additional episodes. Jaime King stars in the lead role as Rose, a mother who is separated from her daughter during the earliest and deadliest days of a zombie apocalypse. The series garnered moderate approval from fans and critics. Many of the filming locations are around and within Calgary, Alberta.

In November 2019, Netflix renewed the series for an eight-episode second season, which was released on June 17, 2021.

In April 2023, Schaefer and Hyams stated that the series will not return for a third season.

Z Nation
Z Nation is an American horror television series created by Karl Schaefer and Craig Engler that aired on Syfy from 2014 to 2018, and was produced by The Asylum. The first season of 13 episodes premiered on September 12, 2014. Z Nation was filmed in the Spokane, Washington area.

On June 16, 2016, Syfy announced that Z Nation's third season would be preceded by a TV movie, set prior to the climax of season 2 and introducing central characters for the third season. However, the movie was instead presented as the first two episodes of the season, the two-part "No Mercy".

On December 15, 2017, Syfy renewed the series for a fifth season, which premiered on October 5, 2018. On December 22, 2018, Syfy cancelled the series after five seasons. The 68th and final episode aired on December 28, 2018, concluding the five-season series.

In March 2024, The Asylum made a post on Twitter that suggested a sixth season of Z Nation might be in the works.
Japanese destroyer Kasumi (1902)
Kasumi (霞, Mist) was one of two Akatsuki-class destroyers, built for the Imperial Japanese Navy in the early 1900s. During the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), she took part in the Battle of Port Arthur in February 1904, the capture of the Imperial Russian Navy destroyer Reshitel'nyi in August 1904, and the Battle of Tsushima in May 1905. She also participated in the Battle of Tsingtao in 1914 during World War I (1914–1918).

Russian destroyer Reshitel'nyi
Reshitel‘nyi (Решительный, English "Resolute") was a Sokol-class destroyer built for the Imperial Russian Navy at the beginning of the 20th century. She served in the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), seeing action in the Battle of Port Arthur before the Imperial Japanese Navy captured her in 1904. Renamed Akatsuki (暁 ("Daybreak") in Japanese service, she took part in the Battle of Tsushima in 1905. She was renamed Yamabiko 山彦 ("Mountain Echo"), also transliterated as Yamahiko, in 1905 after the conclusion of the war and remained in Japanese service until 1917.
Adolf, Count Palatine of the Rhine
Adolf of the Rhine (German: Adolf der Redliche von der Pfalz) (27 September 1300, Wolfratshausen – 29 January 1327, Neustadt) from the house of Wittelsbach was formally Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1319 to 1327.

He was the second son of Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria and his wife Mechtild of Nassau. He didn't really rule because his uncle Louis IV occupied the Palatinate until an agreement with Adolf's brothers and his son Rupert II, Elector Palatine of the Rhine was concluded in Pavia in 1329.

Rupert II, Elector Palatine
Rupert II, Count Palatine of the Rhine (German: Ruprecht II., der Harte (der Ernste)) (12 May 1325, Amberg – 6 January 1398, Amberg). He was the Elector Palatine of the Rhine from the house of Wittelsbach in 1390–1398.
Makabayan
Makabayang Koalisyon ng Mamamayan (lit. 'Patriotic Coalition of the People') or simply Makabayan is a national democratic political party in the Philippines. It is also a coalition of three party-list organizations in the House of Representatives, namely Kabataan, Gabriela, and ACT Teachers. It was founded on April 16, 2009 at the Bahay ng mga Alumni in UP Diliman, Quezon City.

Alliance of Concerned Teachers
The Alliance of Concerned Teachers (ACT-Teachers) is a progressive national democratic mass organization of teachers, academics, and other education workers in the Philippines, established on June 26, 1982. It is the largest non-traditional teachers' organization in the country, and campaigns for the economic and political rights of teachers and other education workers as well as on wider social and political issues.

ACT Teachers Partylist is part of the left-wing Makabayan Bloc, and is known for its active campaign for salary hikes for teachers, successful tax reduction initiatives, optional poll service duty for teachers, and lowering of optional retirement age of public school teachers.
Beta Sigma Omicron
Beta Sigma Omicron (ΒΣΟ) was an American college sorority. It was founded in 1888 at the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri. The sorority established 61 chapters before merging with Zeta Tau Alpha in 1964. It was a founding member of the National Junior College Panhellenic.

National Junior College Panhellenic
The National Junior College Panhellenic (NJCP), also known as the National College Panhellenic of Junior College Sororities, was an umbrella association for American junior college sororities. NJCP was established in 1914.
Swiss Society for Optics and Microscopy
The Swiss Society for Optics and Microscopy (SSOM) (French: Société Suisse d'Optique et de Microscopie Électronique (SSOME); German: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Optik und Elektronmikroskopie (SGOEM)) is a learned society for the promotion of optics and microscopy (and more recently nanotechnology) in Switzerland.

It is a member of Swiss Academy of Natural Sciences (SCNAT), one of four of the constituent members of the Swiss Academies of Arts and Sciences. It is also a member of the International Commission for Optics, the International Committee on the Science of Photography, the European Optical Committee, the European Optical Society and the European Microscopy Society (regional committee of the International Federation of Societies for Microscopy).

European Microscopy Society
The European Microscopy Society is an international learned society which represents the field of microscopy in Europe. It was founded in 1998 following the disbanding of the Committee of European Societies of Electron Microscopy (which was founded in 1976) as a union of national microscopical societies. The society acts as a regional committee of the International Federation of Societies for Microscopy.
Second Battle of Chuenpi
The Second Battle of Chuenpi (Chinese: 第二次穿鼻之戰) was fought between British and Chinese forces in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong province, China, on 7 January 1841 during the First Opium War. The British launched an amphibious attack at the Humen strait (Bogue), capturing the forts on the islands of Chuenpi and Taikoktow. Subsequent negotiations between British Plenipotentiary Charles Elliot and Chinese Imperial Commissioner Qishan resulted in the Convention of Chuenpi on 20 January. As one of the terms of the agreement, Elliot announced the cession of Hong Kong Island to the British Empire, after which the British took formal possession of the island on 26 January, which lasted for over 156 years of British colonial rule in Hong Kong until it was handed over back to China in 1997 by midnight.

Convention of Chuenpi
The Convention of Chuenpi (also "Chuenpee", pinyin: Chuān bí) was a tentative agreement between British Plenipotentiary and Superintendent of Trade in China Charles Elliot and Qing Imperial Commissioner Qishan during the First Opium War between the United Kingdom and the Qing dynasty of China. The terms were published on 20 January 1841, but both governments rejected them and dismissed Elliot and Qishan, respectively, from their positions. Foreign Secretary Lord Palmerston stated that Elliot acquired too little while the Daoguang Emperor believed Qishan conceded too much. Palmerston appointed Major-General Henry Pottinger to replace Elliot, while the Daoguang Emperor of the Qing appointed Yishan to replace Qishan.  Although the convention was unratified, many of the terms were later included in the Treaty of Nanking (1842).
Hero Honda CBZ Series
The Hero Honda CBZ is a motorcycle launched in early 1999 by Hero Honda, with an original Honda 156.8cc single-cylinder engine. The styling of the bike was a scaled version of the Honda CB series.

The CBZ has an Over Square and Overhead camshaft engine with a Keihin slide type carburetor with accelerator pump. It has a larger spring operated nozzle to provide a richer fuel air mixture into the engine for better acceleration. An air injection to new emission standards, including Euro1.

Hero MotoCorp
Hero MotoCorp Limited is an Indian multinational motorcycle and scooter manufacturer headquartered in Delhi. It has a market share of about 30% in the Indian two-wheeler industry. The Munjal family, with its 34.75% stake, is the biggest shareholder in the company as of 2024.
Sangram Shah
Raja Sangram Shah Madavi was a king of the Garha Kingdom of Gondwana, in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. Raja Sangram Shah, who belonged to the Gond Dynasty in central India, was the 48th and most well known ruler of the dynasty, and during his reign he had conquered 52 forts to strengthen his kingdom. The Chouragarh Fort in Narsinghpur was built in his honour for conquering 52 forts.

His eldest son, raja Dalpat Shah Madavi, married Rani Durgavati.

Rani Durgavati
Rani Durgavati (5 October 1524 – 24 June 1564) was the queen regent of Gondwana in 1550–1564 AD. She married Dalpat Shah, the son of King Sangram Shah of Gondwana. She served as regent of Gondwana during the minority of her son, Vir Narayan, from 1550 until 1564. She is chiefly remembered for defending Gondwana against the Mughal Empire.
Wimpole Estate
Wimpole Estate is a large estate containing Wimpole Hall, a country house located within the civil parish of Wimpole, Cambridgeshire, England, 9 miles (14 km) southwest of Cambridge. The house began in 1640 and its 3,000 acres (1,200 ha; 12 km2) of parkland and farmland are owned by the National Trust.

It is the only visitor attraction in the National Trust portfolio that has a working farm, Home Farm, which is one of the largest centres for rare breeds in the UK. Rare horse breeds kept on the farm and within the estate include Shire Horses, a Suffolk Punch and Dartmoor ponies. The estate is generally open to the public and received more than 370,000 visitors in 2024.

Wimpole
Wimpole is a small village and civil parish in South Cambridgeshire, England, about 8+1⁄2 miles (13.7 km) southwest of Cambridge. Until 1999, the main settlement on the A603 was officially known and signed as New Wimpole and Orwell, Cambridge Road. On 1 April 1999, following a parish boundary change and a referendum of local residents, the village name was simplified to Wimpole.

It is the site of the country house of Wimpole Hall and its accompanying Wimpole's Folly.
Tennessee River
The Tennessee River is a 652 mi (1,049 km) long river located in the southeastern United States. Flowing through the Tennessee Valley in the states of Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky, it begins at the confluence of French Broad and Holston rivers at Knoxville, and drains into the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky. It is the largest tributary of the Ohio, and drains a basin of 40,876 sq mi (105,870 km2).

Its tributary, the Little Tennessee River, flows into it from Western North Carolina and northeastern Georgia.

Little Tennessee River
The Little Tennessee River (known locally as the Little T) is a 135-mile (217 km) tributary of the Tennessee River that flows through the Blue Ridge Mountains in the southeastern United States from Georgia, into North Carolina, and then into Tennessee.  Reaching its confluence with the Tennesssee River at Lenoir City, Tennessee, it drains portions of three national forests— Chattahoochee, Nantahala, and Cherokee— and provides the southwestern boundary of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

Numerous dams were erected on the river in the 20th century for flood control and hydropower generation. The river flows through five major impoundments: Fontana Dam, Cheoah Dam, Calderwood Dam, Chilhowee Dam, and Tellico Dam, and one smaller impoundment, Porters Bend Dam.
Josephine Bakhita
Josephine Margaret Bakhita, FDCC (Arabic: جوزفين بخيتة; c. 1869 – 8 February 1947) was a Sudanese Catholic religious sister who joined the Canossians after winning her freedom from slavery. She served in Italy for 50 years until her death in 1947. She was canonized in 2000, becoming the first female black Catholic saint in the modern era.

Canossians
The Canossians are a family of two Catholic religious institutes and three affiliated lay associations that trace their origin to Magdalen of Canossa, a religious sister canonized by Pope John Paul II in 1988.
Fu (administrative division)
Fu (Chinese: 府; pinyin: fǔⓘ) is a traditional administrative division of Chinese origin used in the East Asian cultural sphere, translated variously as commandery, prefecture, urban prefecture, or city. They were first instituted as a regular form of administrative division of China's Tang Empire, but were later adopted in Vietnam, Japan and Korea. At present, only two fu still remain: the prefectures of Kyoto and Osaka in Japan.

The term fu is currently also used in Chinese to translate the provinces of Thailand, but not those of mainland China, Taiwan or other countries.

Prefecture
A prefecture (from the Latin word praefectura) is an administrative jurisdiction traditionally governed by an appointed prefect. This can be a regional or local government subdivision in various countries, or a subdivision in certain international church structures. During the antiquity, it was the name of a type of Roman district. In the 21st century, the term prefecture is used for the modern first-level subdivisions of the Central African Republic, Japan, and Morocco.
Israfil
Israfil (Arabic: إِسْرَافِيْل, ʾIsrāfīl) or Israfel is the angel who will blow the trumpet to signal Qiyamah (the Day of Judgment) in Islam. Though unnamed in the Quran, he is one of the four archangels in Islamic tradition, along with Michael, Gabriel, and Azrael. The "Book of Dead" described Israfil as the oldest of all archangels. He is commonly thought of as the counterpart of the Judeo-Christian archangel Raphael.

Israfil is portrayed as writing the destiny of humans and all commands of God to the (other) archangels with the pen (qalam), which he carries with one wing; with the other wing, Israfil covers his face, unable to look at God.

Raphael (archangel)
Raphael (UK: /ˈræfeɪəl/ RAF-ay-əl, US: /ˈræfiəl, ˈreɪf-/ RA(Y)F-ee-əl; "God has healed") is an archangel first mentioned in the Book of Tobit and in 1 Enoch, both estimated to date from between the 3rd and 2nd century BC. In later Jewish tradition, he became identified as one of the three heavenly visitors entertained by Abraham at the Oak of Mamre. He is not named in either the New Testament or the Quran, but later Christian tradition identified him with healing and as the angel who stirred waters in the Pool of Bethesda in John 5:2–4, and in Islam, where his name is Israfil, he is understood to be the unnamed angel of Quran 6:73, standing eternally with a trumpet to his lips, ready to announce the Day of Judgment. In Gnostic tradition, Raphael is represented on the Ophite Diagram. Raphael is an archangel of healing.
New Caledonian franc
The franc is the currency of New Caledonia and Wallis and Futuna, part of the CFP franc since 1945 and issued by the Institut d'émission d'outre-mer (IEOM) in Paris. It is subdivided into 100 centimes, although centime denominations are no longer in circulation.

CFP franc
The CFP franc (French: Franc pacifique, called the franc in everyday use) is the currency used in the French overseas collectivities (French: collectivités d'outre-mer, or COM) of French Polynesia, New Caledonia, and Wallis and Futuna. The initials CFP originally stood for colonies françaises du Pacifique (lit. 'French colonies of the Pacific') but since 2022 is officially Collectivités françaises du Pacifique (lit. 'French Communities of the Pacific'). Its ISO 4217 currency code is XPF. The CFP franc is subdivided into 100 centimes, although there are no centime denominations. The currency is issued by Institut d'émission d'outre-mer (IEOM).
Quehanna Trail
The Quehanna Trail is a 73.7-mile (118.6 km) hiking trail in north-central Pennsylvania, forming a loop through Moshannon State Forest and Elk State Forest. For about 34 miles, the trail traverses Quehanna Wild Area, and its main trailhead is at Parker Dam State Park.  It also passes through two State Game Lands. There are also three cross-connector trails allowing shorter loop hikes of various lengths. A spur trail leads to the village of Wyside where the hiker can, via some relatively brief road walking, reach the western terminus of the Donut Hole Trail. The Quehanna Trail is known for visiting numerous vistas and a wide variety of landscapes, including open meadows that are relatively rare for this region of Pennsylvania, plus steep stream hollows, high plateau-tops, and several different forest ecosystems.

Donut Hole Trail
The Donut Hole Trail is a 94.2-mile (151.6 km) hiking trail in north-central Pennsylvania, through Sproul State Forest and roughly parallel to the West Branch Susquehanna River. Most of the trail is in Clinton County, with a short segment at its western end in Cameron County. The Donut Hole Trail is regarded as one of the most challenging and remote backpacking trails in Pennsylvania, encountering just six paved roads along its entire length and featuring many difficult climbs and creek crossings.
Nanosaurus
Nanosaurus ("small or dwarf lizard") is an extinct genus of neornithischian dinosaur that lived about 155 to 148 million years ago, during the Late Jurassic in North America. Its fossils are known from the Morrison Formation of the south-western United States. The type and only species, Nanosaurus agilis, was described and named by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1877. The taxon has a complicated taxonomic history, largely the work of Marsh and Peter M. Galton, involving the genera Laosaurus, Hallopus, Drinker, Othnielia, and Othnielosaurus, the latter three now being considered to be synonyms of Nanosaurus. It had historically been classified as a hypsilophodont or fabrosaur, types of generalized small bipedal herbivore, but more recent research has abandoned these groupings as paraphyletic and Nanosaurus is today considered a basal member of Neornithischia.

Hallopus
Hallopus is an extinct genus of small "sphenosuchian" crocodylomorph, known from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of North America. The only known species Hallopus victor was originally named in 1877 as a species of the dinosaur Nanosaurus, and was moved into its own genus by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1881. It was a quite small animal, reaching a length of 1 m (3.3ft) with long and slender limbs. Macelognathus, a similarly slender-proportioned crocodylomorph to Hallopus, may be synonymous with it.
Cave swiftlet
The cave swiftlet or linchi swiftlet (Collocalia linchi) is a species of swift in the family Apodidae. It is found on the Indonesia islands of Sumatra, Java and Bali. It is a woodland species and nests in caves.  The Bornean swiftlet was considered a subspecies, but is now usually considered distinct.

Bornean swiftlet
The Bornean swiftlet (Collocalia dodgei), also referred to as the Kinabalu 'linchi' swiftlet, is a small bird in the swift family Apodidae. It is endemic to the northern mountains of the island of Borneo. It has variously been considered a subspecies of the glossy swiftlet or the cave swiftlet, and in 2008 was split from the latter (C. linchi) as a full species C. dodgei.
Zed (text editor)
Zed is an open-source code editor for Linux, macOS, and Windows written using the Rust programming language. It was started by Nathan Sobo, one of the creators of Atom, and is developed by Zed Industries. The editor itself is free to use, but users must pay to use some of the AI features.

Zed's key features include real-time collaborative editing, artificial intelligence integrations, optional Vim key bindings and Git support. Zed also supports extensions.

Atom (text editor)
Atom is a discontinued free and open-source text and source-code editor for macOS, Linux, and Windows with support for plug-ins written in JavaScript, and embedded Git control. Developed by GitHub, Atom was released on June 25, 2015.

On June 8, 2022, GitHub announced Atom's end-of-life, occurring on December 15 of the same year, justifying its need "to prioritize technologies that enable the future of software development", specifically its GitHub Codespaces and Visual Studio Code, developed by Microsoft which had acquired GitHub in 2018.