hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Persian traditional music
Persian traditional music or Iranian  traditional music, also known as Persian classical music or Iranian classical music, refers to the classical music of Iran (historically known as Persia). It consists of characteristics developed through the country's classical, medieval, and contemporary eras. It also influenced areas and regions that are considered part of Greater Iran.

Due to the exchange of musical science throughout history, many of Iran's classical modes are related to those of its neighboring cultures.

Iran's classical art music continues to function as a spiritual tool, as it has throughout history, and much less of a recreational activity. It belongs, for the most part, to the social elite, as opposed to the folkloric and popular music, in which the society as a whole participates. However, components of Iran's classical music have also been incorporated into folk and pop music compositions.

Iranian folk music
Iranian folk music refers to the folk music transmitted through generations among the people of Iran, often consisting of tunes that exist in numerous variants.

The variance of the folk music of Iran has often been stressed, in accordance to the cultural diversity of the country's ethnic and regional groups. Musical influences from Iran, such as the ancient folkloric chants for group dances and spells directed at natural elements and cataclysms, have also been observed in the Caucasus.

Iran's folk, ceremonial, and popular songs might be considered "vernacular", in the sense that they are known and appreciated by a major part of the society, as opposed to the country's art music, which belongs for the most part to the intellectuals.
Amalgamated Society of Watermen, Lightermen and Bargemen
The Amalgamated Society of Watermen, Lightermen and Bargemen was a trade union in the United Kingdom.

The union was founded in 1889 as the Amalgamated Society of Watermen and Lightermen of the River Thames.  In 1901, it merged with the Watchmen's Union of the River Thames to form the Amalgamated Society of Watermen, Lightermen and Watchers of the River Thames.  It merged with the Medway Sailors and Bargemen's Union in 1912 when it adopted its final name.  It merged with the Transport and General Workers' Union in 1922.

Transport and General Workers' Union
The Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU or T&G) was one of the largest general trade unions in the United Kingdom and Ireland—where it was known as the Amalgamated Transport and General Workers' Union (ATGWU)—with 900,000 members (and was once the largest trade union in the world).

The TGWU was officially founded on 1 January 1922 with the amalgamation of 14 individual trades unions. Ernest Bevin served as the union's first and longest serving General Secretary.

In 2007, the union voted to merge with Amicus to form Unite the Union.
Old Main, Suomi College
Old Main, Suomi College is a four-story sandstone educational building located at 603 Quincy Street on what was formerly the Finlandia University campus in Hancock, Michigan. It opened on January 21, 1900, and housed the Suomi Opisto (Finnish College). It is now known as Old Main Inn or OMI.

Old Main was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1959 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

After the university closed in 2023, the venue was sold to a private owner who has restored the mixed use venue for a bed and breakfast and wedding and event center featuring an artist collective and gallery.

Finlandia University
Finlandia University was a private university in Hancock, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1896 as Suomi Opisto (Finnish College) and Theological Seminary, it was affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. It was the only private university in the Upper Peninsula. The university closed after the spring semester of 2023 due to enrollment and financial challenges.
Ohio State Route 124
State Route 124 (SR 124) is an east–west state highway in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio.  Its western terminus is at State Route 134 nearly 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast of Martinsville, and its eastern terminus is near the unincorporated village of Torch at the concurrency of U.S. Route 50, State Route 7, and State Route 32 in extreme southeastern Athens County.  The road passes through numerous villages along its route, many of them economically depressed.  State Route 124 has the longest concurrency of state routes in Ohio, running concurrent with State Route 32 for 35½ miles.  The road was recently rerouted in 2003 following the extension of U.S. Route 33 to the Ravenswood Bridge.

Ohio State Route 32
State Route 32 (SR 32), also known as the James A. Rhodes Appalachian Highway, is a major east–west highway across the southern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. It is the eighth longest state route in Ohio, spanning southern Ohio from Cincinnati to Belpre, across the Ohio River from Parkersburg, West Virginia. Except in Belpre, leading up to the bridge into West Virginia, the entire route outside Cincinnati's beltway (Interstate 275, I-275) is a high-speed four-lane divided highway, forming the Ohio portion of Corridor D of the Appalachian Development Highway System.
Dog Man
Dog Man is an American children's graphic novel series by author and illustrator Dav Pilkey. A spinoff of Pilkey's Captain Underpants series, Dog Man revolves around the adventures of the titular character, a half-man, half-dog hybrid who works as a police officer.

As of 2025, there are 14 books in the series. The latest book, Dog Man: Big Jim Believes, was released on November 11, 2025. A 15th book, Dog Man: A Sprinkle In Time, is currently in development and is set to be released on November 3, 2026.

The Dog Man series has received positive reviews from critics, and been popular, selling a total of over 3.8 million copies, 13% of all total comic book sales in 2020, as charted by BookScan.

Starting in 2020, the series received its own spin-off focusing on Dog Man's sidekick Cat Kid, entitled Cat Kid Comic Club. The series has been adapted into two stage musicals, a 2024 video game titled Dog Man: Mission Impawsible, and an animated film by DreamWorks Animation, Dog Man.

Cat Kid Comic Club
Cat Kid Comic Club is a children's graphic novel series by author and illustrator Dav Pilkey. It serves as a spinoff to the Dog Man series of books, which itself is a spinoff in the Captain Underpants series.
2/1st Black Watch Brigade
The 2/1st Black Watch Brigade was a 2nd Line Territorial Force infantry brigade of the British Army in World War I.  The brigade was formed as a duplicate of the Black Watch Brigade in January 1915.  As the name would suggest, it was organized with four battalions of the Black Watch (Royal Highlanders),  It was dissolved in November 1915 as its constituent battalions were posted to other formations.

Black Watch Brigade
The Black Watch Brigade was a Territorial Force infantry brigade of the British Army.  Formed in 1908, it was not part of any division, instead being assigned to Coastal Defence duties in Scottish Command.  It was dissolved in early 1915 as its constituent battalions were posted to other formations.
Ditidaht language
Ditidaht [dee-tee-dot] (also Nitinaht, Nitinat, Southern Nootkan) or diitiidʔaaʔtx̣ is a South Wakashan (Nootkan) language spoken on the southern part of Vancouver Island. Nitinaht is related to the other South Wakashan languages, Makah and the neighboring Nuu-chah-nulth.

Wakashan languages
Wakashan is a family of languages spoken in British Columbia around and on Vancouver Island, and in the northwestern corner of the Olympic Peninsula of Washington state, on the south side of the Strait of Juan de Fuca.

As is typical of the Northwest Coast, Wakashan languages have large consonant inventories—the consonants often occurring in complex clusters.
John Rich
John Rich (born January 7, 1974) is an American country music singer-songwriter. From 1992 to 1998, he was a member of the country band Lonestar, in which he played bass guitar and alternated with Richie McDonald as lead vocalist.  After departing from the band in 1998, he embarked on a solo career on BNA Records in the late 1990s, releasing two singles for the label and recording Underneath the Same Moon, which was not released until 2006. In 2001, he self-released Rescue Me, an album he was inspired to record by a cancer patient named Katie Darnell.  By 2003, he joined Big Kenny to form the duo Big & Rich, who released three albums on Warner Bros. Records as well as ten singles, including the Number One "Lost in This Moment". After Big & Rich went on hiatus in 2007, Rich began work on a third solo album, Son of a Preacher Man, which has produced two more chart singles. In 2011, Rich released two extended plays, Rich Rocks and For the Kids, before re-establishing Big & Rich in 2012.

Big Kenny
William Kenneth Alphin (born November 1, 1963), best known by his stage name Big Kenny, is an American country music singer. He and John Rich comprise the duo Big & Rich, who recorded four studio albums and charted fifteen singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart.

Before Big & Rich, Big Kenny recorded a solo album Live a Little for Hollywood Records in 1999 (although it was not released until 2005) and fronted a band called luvjOi. He has also written or co-written several of Big & Rich's songs with Rich, as well as singles for Gretchen Wilson, Jason Aldean, McBride & the Ride, and Tim McGraw. His first solo single, "Long After I'm Gone," was released to country radio on August 3, 2009, from the album The Quiet Times of a Rock and Roll Farm Boy.  In 2010, his third solo album, Big Kenny's Love Everybody Traveling Musical Medicine Show Mix Tape, Vol. 1, was released but did not produce any singles.
Bettina Wulff
Bettina Wulff (née Körner; 25 October 1973) is the wife of the former German President Christian Wulff and was therefore sometimes referred to by the media as the "First Lady" during her husband's presidency.

Christian Wulff
Christian Wilhelm Walter Wulff (German: [ˈkʁɪsti̯a(ː)n ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈvaltɐ ˈvʊlf] ⓘ; born 19 June 1959) is a retired German politician and lawyer who served as President of Germany from 2010 to 2012. A member of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), he previously served as minister president of the state of Lower Saxony from 2003 to 2010. He was elected to the presidency in the 30 June 2010 presidential election, defeating opposition candidate Joachim Gauck and taking office immediately, although he was not sworn in until 2 July. At the age of 51, he became Germany's youngest president.

On 17 February 2012, Wulff resigned as President of Germany, facing the prospect of prosecution for allegations of corruption relating to his prior service as Minister President of Lower Saxony. In 2014, he was acquitted of all corruption charges by the Hanover regional court.
Stan Ridgway
Stanard "Stan"  Ridgway (born April 5, 1954) is an American singer-songwriter, and film and television composer known for his distinctive voice, dramatic lyrical narratives, and eclectic solo albums. He was the original lead singer and a founding member of the band Wall of Voodoo.

Wall of Voodoo
Wall of Voodoo was an American rock band from Los Angeles, California who were active from 1977 until disbanding in 1989. Though largely an underground act for the majority of its existence, the band came to prominence when its 1982 single "Mexican Radio" became a hit on MTV and alternative radio. The band was known for surrealist lyrics drawing on iconography of the American Southwest.
Nadeshiko League
The Japan Women's Football League (Japanese: 日本女子サッカーリーグ; Nihon Joshi Sakkā Rīgu), commonly known as the Nadeshiko League (Japanese: なでしこリーグ; Nadeshiko Rīgu), is a women's association football league in Japan.

The Nadeshiko League consists of two divisions that correspond to the second and third levels of the Japanese women's football pyramid respectively. Teams are promoted and relegated between the divisions, and between the Nadeshiko League Division 2 and the fourth-level Japanese regional leagues, based on performance in the previous season. Prior to 2021, the Nadeshiko League occupied the top level of the Japanese women's football pyramid as well; that level is now represented by the fully professional WE League.

Since 2008, the Nadeshiko League has been sponsored by Plenus (株式会社プレナス), a fast food (bento) company based in Fukuoka.

WE League
The WE League (WEリーグ), officially the Japan Women's Empowerment Professional Football League (Japanese: 日本女子プロサッカーリーグ, Hepburn: Nihon Joshi Puro Sakkā Rīgu; "Japan Women Pro Football League"), also known as the SOMPO WE League (Japanese: SOMPO WEリーグ) for sponsorship reasons, is the top flight of women's association football in Japan, starting from the 2021–22 season. It is the first fully-professional women's football league in Japan.

The current (2024–25) title holders are Tokyo Verdy Beleza.
Jostedal Municipality
Jostedal is a former municipality in the old Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. The 529.2-square-kilometre (204.3 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1963. The area is now part of Luster Municipality in the traditional district of Sogn in Vestland county. The administrative centre was the village of Jostedal.

Prior to its dissolution in 1963, the 529.2-square-kilometre (204.3 sq mi) municipality was the 190th largest by area out of the 705 municipalities in Norway. Jostedal Municipality was the 655th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 810. The municipality's population density was 1.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (3.9/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 5.5% over the previous 10-year period.

Jostedalen
Jostedalen is a river valley in Luster Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 60-kilometre (37 mi) long valley runs from the Lustrafjorden at the village of Gaupne, to the north along the river Jostedøla and along the eastern side of the Jostedal Glacier. The valley is deep, but the valley floor lies over long stretches of flat river plains interrupted by steep steps. In the north, the landscape gets pretty wild. The Jostedalsbreen National Park surrounds the valley, which brings a lot of tourism to the area. The Nigardsbreen glacier is also accessible from the valley.
Betty Nakibuuka
Betty Nakibuuka also known as Betty Nakibuuka Senyonjo (born 1975) is a Ugandan gospel musician and songwriter. She is the mother of the gospel artist Gloria Mulungi, also known as Baby Gloria. Some of her most notable songs include 'Baddu ba Yesu', 'Tukutendereza', 'Luyimba lwange', and 'Munene Munene'. With a career spanning over two decades, she has established herself as a prominent figure in the Ugandan gospel music industry.

Baby Gloria
Gloria Mulungi Senyonjo (born 28 October 2001), better known by her stage name Baby Gloria, is a Ugandan gospel artist. She started singing at the age of two and a half years. In 2010, she won the Tumaini Musical Award, followed by the Olive Musical Award in 2011.
Harry Keough
Harry Joseph Keough (November 15, 1927 – February 7, 2012) was an American soccer defender who played on the United States national team in their 1–0 upset of England at the 1950 FIFA World Cup. He spent most of his club career in his native St. Louis, winning a national junior championship, two National Challenge Cup and seven National Amateur Cup titles. He coached the Saint Louis University men's soccer team to five NCAA Men's Soccer Championships. The Keough Award, named after him, his brother Bill, and his son Ty Keough, is presented each year to the outstanding St. Louis–based male and female professional or college soccer player.

Ty Keough
William “Ty” Keough (born December 19, 1956, in St. Louis, Missouri) is an American former professional soccer player and coach who has served as a soccer broadcaster for several networks. He earned eight caps with the U.S. national team in 1979 and 1980.  He was a member of the U.S. Olympic soccer team which qualified for the 1980 Summer Olympics. However, he did not attend the tournament as the U.S. boycotted those games.
Yang Shili
Yang Shili (楊師立) (d. June 29, 884?) was a general of the Chinese Tang dynasty, who came to control Dongchuan Circuit (東川, headquartered in modern Mianyang, Sichuan) as its military governor (jiedushi) due to his association with the powerful eunuch Tian Lingzi.  He later had a fall out with Tian and Tian's brother Chen Jingxuan, however, and in a subsequent military confrontation, Chen's forces, under the command of Gao Renhou, defeated his.  When his own army turned against him in light of its defeat, he committed suicide.

Gao Renhou
Gao Renhou (Chinese: 高仁厚) (d. 886) was an army general late in the Chinese Tang dynasty who served under the warlord Chen Jingxuan the military governor of Xichuan Circuit (西川, headquartered in modern Chengdu, Sichuan). Serving under Chen, he defeated the rebels Qian Neng (阡能), Han Xiusheng (韓秀升), and Qu Xingcong (屈行從), as well as Chen's rival Yang Shili the military governor of Dongchuan (東川, headquartered in modern Mianyang, Sichuan), after which Chen made him the military governor of Dongchuan. By 886, however, Chen, who had become suspicious of his intentions, attacked him and killed him.
Direct collapse black hole
Direct collapse black holes (DCBHs) are high-mass black hole seeds (black holes that will later accrete to form supermassive black holes) that form from the direct collapse of a large amount of material. They putatively formed within the redshift range z=15–30, when the Universe was about 100–250 million years old. This was around the same time that stars were being formed, meaning that these black holes could not have formed from stellar collapse. Unlike seeds formed from the first population of stars (also known as Population III stars), direct collapse black hole seeds are formed by a direct, general relativistic instability. They are very massive, with a typical mass at formation of ~105 M☉. This category of black hole seeds was originally proposed theoretically to alleviate the challenge in building supermassive black holes already at redshift z~7, as numerous observations to date have confirmed.

Supermassive black hole
A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, with its mass being on the order of hundreds of thousands, or millions to billions, of times the mass of the Sun (M☉). Black holes are a class of astronomical objects that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space that nothing, not even light, can escape. Observational evidence indicates that almost every large galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. For example, the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center, corresponding to the radio source Sagittarius A*. Accretion of interstellar gas onto supermassive black holes is the process responsible for powering active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars.

Two supermassive black holes have been directly imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope; these are Sagittarius A, at the center of the Milky Way, and the black hole at the center of Messier 87, a giant elliptical galaxy.
Öküz Mehmed Pasha
"Öküz" Mehmed Pasha ("Mehmed Pasha the Ox"), also known as Kara Mehmed Pasha ("the Black") or "Kul Kıran" Mehmed Pasha ("the Slave-breaker"), was an Ottoman Turkish statesman, administrator, and military figure of the early 17th century. He served as Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire twice: October 17, 1614 – November 17, 1616 (during the reign of Sultan Ahmed I), and January 18, 1619 – December 23, 1619 (during the reign of Osman II). He also served as the Ottoman governor of Egypt from 1607 to 1611.

Mehmed's nickname, "Kul Kiran" (slave-breaker), came from his success in crushing the mutiny in Egypt during the early 1600s. Soldiers were often known as kul, meaning slave.

Ahmed I
Ahmed I (Ottoman Turkish: احمد اول Aḥmed-i evvel; Turkish: I. Ahmed; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 to 1617. Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal fratricide; henceforth, Ottoman rulers would no longer systematically execute their brothers upon accession to the throne. He is also well known for his construction of the Blue Mosque, one of the most famous mosques in Turkey.
Harrison Burton
Harrison Brian Burton  (born October 9, 2000) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 24 Toyota GR Supra for Sam Hunt Racing. He is the son of former NASCAR driver Jeff Burton. In 2020, Burton became the first driver born in the 2000s or later to win a NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series race, and in 2024 became the first to win a NASCAR Cup Series race.

Jeff Burton
Jeffrey Tyler Burton (born June 29, 1967), nicknamed "the Mayor", is an American former professional stock car racing driver and current racing commentator. He is a member of the Burton racing family. He scored 21 career victories in the NASCAR Cup Series, including two Coca-Cola 600s in 1999 and 2001 and the 1999 Southern 500. He currently serves as a color commentator for NBC Sports, having joined them upon their return to their coverage of NASCAR. His son and nephew, Harrison and Jeb, respectively, both currently compete in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, while his brother Ward Burton has also raced in the Cup Series.
George Santayana
George Santayana (born Jorge Agustín Nicolás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás, December 16, 1863 – September 26, 1952) was a Spanish and U.S. philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist. Born in Spain, he moved to the United States at the age of eight.

As a philosopher, Santayana is known for aphorisms, such as "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it", and "Only the dead have seen the end of war", and his definition of beauty as "pleasure objectified". Although an atheist, Santayana respected the culture of the Spanish Catholic values, practices, and worldview, in which he was raised. As an intellectual, George Santayana was a broad-range cultural critic in several academic disciplines.

At the age of 48, he left his academic position at Harvard University and permanently returned to Europe; his last will was to be buried in the Spanish Pantheon in the Campo di Verano, Rome.

Campo Verano
The Campo Verano (Italian: Cimitero del Verano) is a cemetery in Rome, Italy, founded in the early 19th century. The monumental cemetery covers a surface area of 83 hectares which is currently divided into several sections: the main Catholic cemetery, the Jewish cemetery established in 1895, a Protestant section with its own entrance and a military section with monument to the victims of World War I.
Dhegihan migration
The Dhegihan migration and separation was the long journey on foot by the North American Indians in the ancient Hą́ke tribe. During the migration from present-day Illinois/Kentucky and as far as Nebraska, they gradually split up into five groups. Each became an independent and historic tribe. They are the Omaha, Ponca, Kaw or Kansa, Osage and Quapaw.

The term "Dhegiha" refers to all five Indian tribes since they each speak a Dhegiha Siouan language. Besides having related languages, they share an oral tradition about a common origin from an ancestral tribe. The timing of the separation for these tribes and history prior to their existence as separate groups is the subject of some debate.

Quapaw
The Quapaw (/ˈkwɔːpɔː/ KWAW-paw, Quapaw: Ogáxpa) or Arkansas, officially the Quapaw Nation, is a U.S. federally recognized tribe comprising about 6,000 citizens. Also known as the Ogáxpa or “Downstream” people, their ancestral homelands are traced from what is now the Ohio River, west to the Mississippi River to present-day St. Louis, south across present-day Arkansas and eastern and southern Oklahoma. The government forcibly removed them from Arkansas Territory in 1834. The tribal capital is Quapaw, Oklahoma.