hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carla Del Ponte
Carla Del Ponte (born February 9, 1947) is a Swiss former Chief Prosecutor of two United Nations international criminal law tribunals. A former Swiss attorney general, she was appointed prosecutor for the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) in August 1999, replacing Louise Arbour.

In 2003, the U.N. Security Council removed Del Ponte as the Prosecutor for the ICTR, and replaced her there with Hassan Bubacar Jallow following pressure from Rwanda's president Kagame who was obstructing her efforts to investigate crimes by Tutsi. She remained the Prosecutor for the ICTY until 1 January 2008, when she was succeeded by Serge Brammertz. Del Ponte was formerly married, and has one son.

Del Ponte served as Swiss ambassador to Argentina from 2008 to February 2011.

Serge Brammertz
Serge Brammertz (born 17 February 1962) is a Belgian prosecutor, academic and jurist. He serves as the chief prosecutor for the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (IRMCT) since 2016. He also served as the chief prosecutor for the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) from 2008 until its closure in 2017.

He is a native German speaker and is also fluent in Dutch, French and English.
Basilica of the Immaculate Conception (Jacksonville)
The Basilica of the Immaculate Conception is a historic Catholic church in Downtown Jacksonville, Florida, U.S. A parish church in the Diocese of St. Augustine, it represents Jacksonville's oldest Catholic congregation. The current building, dating to 1910, was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1992 as the Church of the Immaculate Conception, and was named a minor basilica in 2013. It is located at 121 East Duval Street; its current pastor is Father Jan Ligeza.

Diocese of St. Augustine
The Diocese of St. Augustine (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Augustini) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory of the Catholic Church, located in the northeastern section of Florida in the United States. It includes the cities of St. Augustine, Jacksonville, and Gainesville.

The Diocese of St. Augustine is a suffragan diocese in the Ecclesiastical Province of Miami, covering much of North Florida. The bishop's seat is the Cathedral Basilica of St. Augustine. As of 2023, the current bishop is Erik T. Pohlmeier.

On March 11, 1870, the Vatican erected the Diocese of St. Augustine. It covered most of the Florida peninsula until the 1950s, when Florida's expanding population necessitated the creation of new dioceses (until 1958 it was the only Catholic See in Florida).
A Man There Was
A Man There Was (Swedish: Terje Vigen) is a 1917 silent Swedish drama co-written and directed by Victor Sjöström, based on a poem of the same title by Henrik Ibsen. With a budget of SEK 60,000, it was the most expensive Swedish film made up to that point, marking a new direction in Swedish cinema with more funding to fewer films, resulting in better overall quality.

This film is considered to be the start of the golden age of Swedish silent film that would end after Gösta Berlings Saga in 1925, although films such as Ingeborg Holm (1913) are often assigned to this era as well.

Terje Vigen
Terje Vigen is a poem written by Norwegian writer Henrik Ibsen and published in 1862. It follows the life of Terje Vigen, a fictional Norwegian man who lives in the town of Grimstad, during the early 19th century. During the Gunboat War, Grimstad is under a British naval blockade, and Vigen decides to travel to Denmark to acquire essential goods for his family in a small rowboat in 1809. However, his boat is captured by a Royal Navy corvette, and Vigen is sent as a prisoner of war to England, where he remains until the war is over. Returning to Grimstad in a Swedish Navy frigate in 1814, Vigen discovers that his wife and daughter have died. Becoming a maritime pilot, years later Vigen rescues a yacht in distress. He discovers that the yacht's captain was the commander of the corvette who took him prisoner, but decides against vengeance and rescues the Englishman along with his wife and child.
Fields of Forel
The fields of Forel is a complex region in the posterior subthalamus, consisting of a concentrated collection of bundles of fibers. The tracts formed include the thalamic fasciculus that includes the ansa lenticularis and lenticular fasciculus, cerebellothalamic tracts, and pallidothalamic tracts. Other included fibers connect to other brain regions. These tracts are described in regions known as H fields.

Subthalamus
The subthalamus or ventral thalamus is a part of the diencephalon. Its most prominent structure is the subthalamic nucleus. The subthalamus connects to the globus pallidus, a subcortical nucleus of the  basal ganglia.
Norbert Leser
Norbert Leser (May 31, 1933 – December 31, 2014) was an Austrian Catholic jurist, political scientist and social philosopher best known for his lifelong affiliation with, and critical work on, the Social Democratic Party of Austria and Austromarxism in particular. He was born in Oberwart and died in Eisenstadt.

Leser's Habilitation thesis, Between Reformism and Bolshevism, first published in 1968, is considered a standard work on Austromarxism.

Austromarxism
Austromarxism (also stylised as Austro-Marxism; German: Austromarxismus) was a Marxist theoretical current led by Victor Adler, Otto Bauer, Karl Renner, Max Adler and Rudolf Hilferding, members of the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria in Austria-Hungary and the First Austrian Republic, and later supported by Austrian-born revolutionary and assassin of the Imperial Minister-President Count von Stürgkh, Friedrich Adler. It is known for its theory of nationality and nationalism, and its attempt to conciliate it with socialism in the imperial context. More generally, the Austromarxists strove to achieve a synthesis between social democracy and revolutionary socialism. Uniquely, Austromarxists posited that class consciousness in the working class could be achieved more organically through the maintenance of national autonomy, in contrast to the internationalist perspective and the notion of the party vanguard popular in orthodox Marxist circles elsewhere in Europe.
Kamiita, Tokushima
Kamiita (上板町, Kamiita-chō) is a town located in Itano District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 June 2022, the town had an estimated population of 11,725 in 4951 households and a population density of 340 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 34.58 square kilometres (13.35 sq mi).

Itano District, Tokushima
Itano (板野郡, Itano-gun) is a district located in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan.

As of June 1, 2019, the district has an estimated population of 97,263 and a population density of 884 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,290/sq mi). The total area is 110.05 km2 (42.49 sq mi).

Matsushige is home to Tokushima Airport.
Interlocking
In railway signalling, an interlocking is an arrangement of signal apparatus that prevents conflicting movements through an arrangement of tracks such as junctions or crossings. In North America, a set of signalling appliances and tracks interlocked together are sometimes collectively referred to as an interlocking plant or just as an interlocking. An interlocking system is designed so that it is impossible to display a signal to proceed unless the route to be used is proven safe.

Interlocking is a safety measure designed to prevent signals and points/switches from being changed in an improper sequence. For example, interlocking would prevent a signal from being changed to indicate a diverging route, unless the corresponding points/switches had been changed first. In North America, the official railroad definition of interlocking is: "An arrangement of signals and signal appliances so interconnected that their movements must succeed each other in proper sequence".

Computer-based interlocking
Computer-based interlocking (CBI) is railway signal interlocking implemented with computers and semiconductors, rather than using older technologies such as relays or mechanics. So it is a special subset (but most common implementation) of Solid State Interlocking systems today. In some countries were hybrid constructions established with logic cores from computers and electromechanical interfaces to lineside systems.
Toyonobori
Michiharu Sadano (定野 道春, Sadano Michiharu; March 21, 1931 – July 1, 1998), known in sumo and professional wrestling as Michiharu Toyonobori (豊登道春, Toyonobori Michiharu) or simply by his shikona Toyonobori (豊登, Toyonobori; "Riser from Toyo"), was a Japanese professional wrestler and sumo wrestler.

Strong Kobayashi
Shozo "Strong" Kobayashi (Japanese: ストロング小林, 25 December 1940 – 31 December 2021), also known by the stage name Strong Kongô, was a Japanese professional wrestler and actor. He is known for his appearances with International Wrestling Enterprise and New Japan Pro-Wrestling, as well as his appearances on television series including Choudenshi Bioman and Takeshi's Castle.
Got the Beat
Got the Beat (Korean: 갓더비트; RR: Gatdeobiteu; stylized as GOT the beat) is a South Korean supergroup and first sub-unit of project group Girls On Top. Formed by SM Entertainment in 2022, composed of seven female artists who already debuted under the agency: soloist BoA, Taeyeon and Hyoyeon from Girls' Generation, Seulgi and Wendy from Red Velvet, and Karina and Winter from Aespa.

Seulgi
Kang Seul-gi (Korean: 강슬기; born February 10, 1994), known mononymously as Seulgi, is a South Korean singer and dancer. She is a member of the South Korean girl group Red Velvet, its sub-unit Red Velvet – Irene & Seulgi, and the supergroup Got the Beat. She released her debut EP, 28 Reasons, in 2022.
Vika and Linda
Vika and Linda, also known as Vika and Linda Bull, are an Australian vocal duo consisting of Vika Susan Bull OAM (born 1966) and her younger sister, Linda Rose Bull OAM. They came to prominence after singing backing vocals in Joe Camilleri's band The Black Sorrows from 1988. They left that group early in 1994 to start their duo with a self-titled album appearing in June that year. The duo scored their first number 1 album in 2020, with their retrospective 'Akilotoa: Anthology (1994-2006).

Vika and Linda (album)
Vika and Linda is the debut studio album by Australia vocal duo Vika & Linda Bull. The album was released in May 1994 and debuted and peaked at number 7 on the Australian ARIA Charts in June 1994.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 1995, the album was nominated for Breakthrough Artist – Album, but lost to Frogstomp by Silverchair.
Fred Couples
Frederick Steven Couples (born October 3, 1959) is an American professional golfer who has competed on the PGA Tour and the PGA Tour Champions. A former World No. 1, he has won 64 professional tournaments, most notably the Masters Tournament in 1992, and the Players Championship in 1984 and 1996.  Couples became the oldest person to make the cut in the Masters Tournament history during the 2023 Tournament at 63 years, six months, and five days.

In August 2011, Couples won his first senior major at the Senior Players Championship and followed this up in July 2012 when he won the Senior Open Championship. He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2013. Couples garnered the nickname "Boom Boom" for his long, accurate driving ability off the tee during the prime of his career.

2023 Masters Tournament
The 2023 Masters Tournament was the 87th edition of the Masters Tournament and the first of the men's four major golf championships held in 2023. The tournament was played from April 6–9 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia, United States.

Jon Rahm became the fourth Spaniard to win the Masters, shooting a three-under-par 69 in the final round for 276 (–12), four strokes ahead of runners-up Brooks Koepka and Phil Mickelson. Seeking his fifth major championship, Koepka led by two shots after the third round, but shot 75 to drop to second. Ten shots back, 52-year-old Mickelson recorded a 65 (−7) to jump into a tie for second, becoming the oldest player in Masters history to finish inside the top five.
Icikas Meskupas-Adomas
Icikas Meskupas pseudonym Adomas (20 August 1907 – 13 March 1942) was a leader of the Lithuanian Komsomol and Communist Party in interwar Lithuania. He was elected to the People's Seimas and the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. He became the second secretary of the party in February 1941. For his communist activities, he was arrested and imprisoned several times by Lithuania and once by Nazi Germany. During World War II, he joined the Soviet partisans and was killed in a shootout with the Lithuanian police.

Communist Party of Lithuania
The Communist Party of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos komunistų partija; Russian: Коммунистическая партия Литвы, romanized: Kommunisticheskaya partiya Litvy) is a banned communist party in Lithuania. The party was established in early October 1918 and operated clandestinely until it was legalized in 1940 after the Soviets claimed the Baltics. The party was banned in August 1991, following the coup attempt in Moscow which later led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the end of the Lithuanian SSR. It remains illegal in modern day Lithuania and continues to operate, albeit having a negligible presence in Lithuanian politics.
Charlie Holt
Charlie Holt (July 17, 1922 – March 17, 2000) was an American ice hockey coach. He was the head coach of  the University of New Hampshire from 1968 thru 1986. He is one of three 3-time recipients of the college ice hockey National Coach-of-the-Year Award (the others being Len Ceglarski and Jack Parker).

New Hampshire Wildcats men's ice hockey
The New Hampshire Wildcats men's ice hockey team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents the University of New Hampshire. The Wildcats are a member of Hockey East. They play at the Whittemore Center Arena in Durham, New Hampshire.
Junior Tomasi Cama
Tomasi Cama (born 11 November 1980) is a New Zealand former rugby union player. He played for Manawatu in the Air New Zealand Cup, and the New Zealand Sevens team. Cama won the 2012 World Rugby Sevens Player of the Year Award.

He is currently the Head Coach of the All Blacks Sevens. He is the son of former Fiji sevens player Tomasi Cama.

New Zealand national rugby sevens team
The New Zealand national rugby sevens team competes in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens, Summer Olympic Games and the Commonwealth Games. They have won a record 14 World Rugby Sevens Series titles.

The team played for the first time at the 1973 International Seven-A-Side Tournament.
PowerBook
The PowerBook (known as Macintosh PowerBook before 1997) is a family of Macintosh-type laptop computers designed, manufactured and sold by Apple Computer from 1991 to 2006. It was targeted at the professional market; in 1999, the line was supplemented by the home and education-focused iBook family.

During its lifetime, the PowerBook went through several major revisions and redesigns, often being the first to incorporate features that would later become standard in competing laptops. The PowerBook was replaced by the MacBook Pro in 2006 as part of the Mac transition to Intel processors.

PowerBook 140
The PowerBook 140 is a notebook computer that was released in the first line of PowerBooks. It was the mid-range PowerBook, between the low-end 100 and the high-end 170. As with the PowerBook 170, it featured an internal floppy drive, unlike the 100. Codenames for this model are: Tim Lite, Tim LC, Replacements, and Leary. In 1992, it was replaced by the PowerBook 145, which was essentially a speed bump, though the PowerBook 160 essentially superseded it as the new mid-line model.
Dream 1
Dream 1: Lightweight Grand Prix 2008 1st Round was the inaugural event of the mixed martial arts promotion, Dream. It took place on Saturday, on March 15, 2008 at the Saitama Super Arena in Saitama City, Japan.

The event featured the first seven tournament bouts of the 2008 Dream Lightweight Grand Prix, fought at 70 kilograms (154 lb), along with a trio of open-weight fights. The evening's main event was a match featuring last year's Hero's Middleweight Champion, J.Z. Calvancanti of Brazil and Japanese judoka Shinya Aoki. All bouts were fought under Dream mixed martial arts rules, with a 10 min first and 5 min second round. It attracted a sellout crowd of 19,120 and was broadcast live across Japan on the TBS television network.

Dream (mixed martial arts)
Dream (styled DREAM in capitals) was a Japanese mixed martial arts (MMA) organization promoted by former PRIDE FC executives and K-1 promoter Fighting and Entertainment Group (FEG).

Dream replaced FEG's previous-run mixed martial arts fight series, Hero's. It retained many of the stylistic flourishes and personnel from Pride FC broadcasts, including fight introducer Lenne Hardt.

They promoted over 20 shows highlighting Japanese and international talent, establishing or enhancing the careers of fighters such as Shinya Aoki, Gesias Cavalcante, Tatsuya Kawajiri, Ronaldo Jacaré, Eddie Alvarez, Jason Miller, Kazushi Sakuraba, Gegard Mousasi and Alistair Overeem.

Dream became defunct as FEG went bankupt in 2012, ending with a final New Year's Eve event later that year. In 2015, most of the old personnel from both Pride FC and Dream founded Rizin Fighting Federation as a successor.
Microbial toxin
Microbial toxins are toxins produced by micro-organisms, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, dinoflagellates, and viruses. Many microbial toxins promote infection and disease by directly damaging host tissues and by disabling the immune system.  Endotoxins most commonly refer to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipooligosaccharide (LOS) that are in the outer plasma membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. The botulinum toxin, which is primarily produced by Clostridium botulinum and less frequently by other Clostridium species, is the most toxic substance known in the world. However, microbial toxins also have important uses in medical science and research. Currently, new methods of detecting bacterial toxins are being developed to better isolate and understand these toxins. Potential applications of toxin research include combating microbial virulence, the development of novel anticancer drugs and other medicines, and the use of toxins as tools in neurobiology and cellular biology.

Toxin
A toxin is a naturally occurring poison produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. They occur especially as proteins, often conjugated. The term was first used by organic chemist Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919), derived from toxic.

Toxins can be small molecules, peptides, or proteins that are capable of causing disease on contact with or absorption by body tissues interacting with biological macromolecules such as enzymes or cellular receptors. They vary greatly in their toxicity, ranging from usually minor (such as a bee sting) to potentially fatal even at extremely low doses (such as botulinum toxin).
Putera Sampoerna Foundation
Putera Sampoerna Foundation (PSF) is a social business institution in Indonesia, founded by  tobacco heir Putera Sampoerna. PSF is a consultant for, and operator of, corporate social responsibility programs. The Foundation has 4 focuses of influence: ""quality education for high-achieving, but underprivileged students, job creation through entrepreneurship development programs, public enlightenment through the empowerment of women, and the distribution of aid and relief programs for compassionate and disaster relief."

Putera Sampoerna
Putera Sampoerna (born 13 October 1947) is an Indonesian businessman. As of 2025, he had an estimated net worth of US$2.5 billion.

Putera Sampoerna gained his wealth as heir to the Sampoerna cigarette company (PT HM Sampoerna Tbk.) Putera was educated abroad from an early age; starting from the Diocesan Boys' School in Hong Kong, the Carey Baptist Grammar School in Melbourne and finally at the University of Houston in Texas. He led Sampoerna from 1978 until 2000, when he was replaced by his son Michael Sampoerna. In 2005 Putera, together with the rest of his family sold their stake in Sampoerna to Philip Morris International for USD 5 billion.

After the sale of Sampoerna, Putera and his family founded investment company Sampoerna Strategic, currently led by his son Michael. Sampoerna Strategic has businesses in the telecommunications, agriculture (palm oil plantations), forestry, and the microfinance industry. Putera and his family also run the Putera Sampoerna Foundation.
Greedoid
In combinatorics, a greedoid is a type of set system. It arises from the notion of the matroid, which was originally introduced by Whitney in 1935 to study planar graphs and was later used by Edmonds to characterize a class of optimization problems that can be solved by greedy algorithms. Around 1980, Korte and Lovász introduced the greedoid to further generalize this characterization of greedy algorithms; hence the name greedoid. Besides mathematical optimization, greedoids have also been connected to graph theory, language theory, order theory, and other areas of mathematics.

Matroid
In combinatorics, a matroid /ˈmeɪtrɔɪd/ is a structure that abstracts and generalizes the notion of linear independence in vector spaces. There are many equivalent ways to define a matroid axiomatically, the most significant being in terms of: independent sets; bases or circuits; rank functions; closure operators; and closed sets or flats. In the language of partially ordered sets, a finite simple matroid is equivalent to a geometric lattice.

Matroid theory borrows extensively from the terms used in both linear algebra and graph theory, largely because it is the abstraction of various notions of central importance in these fields. Matroids have found applications in geometry, topology, combinatorial optimization, network theory, and coding theory.
Sheikh Mand
Sheikh Mand or Sheikh Mend, Sheikh Mand Pasha (Kurdish: Şêx Mend) was a 12th-century Yazidi saint, ruler of Kilis principality, and an Ayyubid Army commanfiefdom  is the son of Şêx Fexredîn and thus belongs to the Şemsanî lineage of sheikhs. His sister was Khatuna Fekhra, revered today as one of the most important Yazidi female saints.

Emirate of Kilis
Emirate of Kilis (Kurdish: Mîrektiya Kilîsê) was a Kurdish emirate which ruled the Kilis and Afrin in Antioch regions up until the disintegration of the Ayyubid dynasty during the time of Saladin. The rulers of  this principality were descendants of Sheikh Fakhraddin, who is one of the greatest Yezidi philosophers and one of the most important saint figures. The main religion of this principality was Yazidism.
Low Profile
Low Profile was an American hip hop duo from Los Angeles. The group consisted of record producer Alphonso "D.J. Aladdin" Henderson and rapper William "W.C." Calhoun Jr., who went on to pursue a career in visual arts. The duo made its debut with Rhyme $yndicate Records, on a compilation album produced by Ice-T and Afrika Islam, before becoming a duo on Priority Records.

The group was a short-lived but influential West Coast hip hop duo. Together, they released only one album, We're in This Together. They also appeared on the Rhyme Syndicate compilation Rhyme Syndicate Comin' Through. DJ Aladdin began working with Ice-T, and WC formed a group called WC and the Maad Circle which included a then-unknown rapper named Coolio.

WC (rapper)
William LaShawn Calhoun Jr. (born February 3, 1970), known professionally as WC (pronounced "dub-c"), is an American rapper and actor. He originally was a rapper of the group Low Profile and later formed his group WC and the Maad Circle, who first succeeded with the single "Ain't A Damn Thang Changed". He later started a solo career and has released four solo albums. He is also well known for being a member of the rap supergroup Westside Connection with fellow West Coast rappers Ice Cube and Mack 10.