hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steve Ashley
Steve Frank Ashley (born 9 March 1946) is an English singer-songwriter, recording artist, multi-instrumentalist, writer and graphic designer. Ashley is best known as a songwriter and first gained public recognition for his work with his debut solo album, Stroll On (Gull, 1974). Taking his inspiration from English traditional songs, Ashley has developed a songwriting style which is contemporary in content while reflecting traditional influences in his melodies, poetry and vocal delivery.

Stroll On
Stroll On is the debut album by British singer-songwriter Steve Ashley. It was released in April 1974 in LP format on Gull Records and was critically acclaimed in the UK, being awarded “Contemporary Folk album of the Year” in the leading monthly folk magazine, Folk Review. It has been described as "a masterful, beautifully textured and gentle epic" and "a masterpiece of its kind – a beautiful, rich and deeply atmospheric collection of very English songs, like a musical impression of Dickens, Victorian Christmas cards and Thomas Hardy’s Wessex with a running concept concerning seasonal change". According to the music collectors' magazine Goldmine, it is "one of the key albums in the entire history of English Folk Rock".

An extended version with three additional tracks, Stroll On Revisited, was released in 1999 as a CD on Market Square Records.
GeoNet (New Zealand)
GeoNet is a natural hazards monitoring system in New Zealand that monitors earthquakes, large landslides, volcanoes, tsunami, and movement of land. Earthquakes and other natural hazards are automatically listed on the GeoNet website and app, and app users are given notifications to be warned about natural hazards. GeoNet was founded in 2001 by GNS Science, the Earthquake Commission and Land Information New Zealand.

GNS Science
GNS Science (Māori: Te Pū Ao), officially registered as the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited, is a New Zealand Crown Research Institute. It focuses on geology, geophysics (including seismology and volcanology), and nuclear science (particularly ion-beam technologies, isotope science and carbon dating). On 1 July 2025 GNS Science became part of the new Public Research Organisation Earth Sciences New Zealand.
Winston Theatre
51°27′25″N 2°36′30″W﻿ / ﻿51.4569°N 2.6084°W﻿ / 51.4569; -2.6084

The Winston Theatre is a traditional proscenium arch theatre located in the Bristol Students' Union building, one of the largest students' union buildings in Great Britain. The theatre seats 204, with 5 additional seats for the Front of House staff and 2 spaces for wheelchairs.

The Theatre has an orchestra pit, fly galleries with winchable lighting bars and hemp bars, a control room, an FOH sound location, two dressing rooms, and a sliding scenery dock door at the rear of the stage (currently disused).

In April 2013 the theatre was temporarily closed for refurbishment as part of the wider refurbishment of the students' union building, and re-opened in February 2015.

University of Bristol Students' Union
The University of Bristol Students' Union (known as Bristol SU) is the students' union of the University of Bristol, England. It is among the oldest of the UK students' unions and was a founding member of the National Union of Students. The Union is a multi-site organisation which can be found at Senate House, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TH and The Richmond Building, 105 Queens Road, Clifton, Bristol BS8 1LN.
Earl Nelson (singer)
Earl Lee Nelson (September 8, 1928 – July 12, 2008), who also performed as Jackie Lee, was an American soul singer and songwriter. He started his career in the doo-wop group the Hollywood Flames in the 1950s before founding the R&B duo Bob & Earl with Bobby Byrd. As Jackie Lee, he was best known for his hit song "The Duck" (#14 Pop, #4 R&B).

Bobby Day
Robert James Byrd (July 1, 1928 – July 27, 1990), known by the stage name Bobby Day, was an American singer, multi-instrumentalist, music producer, and songwriter. He is best known for his hit record "Rockin' Robin", written by Leon René under the pseudonym Jimmie Thomas. Day also wrote the top-10 Billboard hits "Little Bitty Pretty One" (1957, Thurston Harris) and "Over and Over" (1965, the Dave Clark Five).
State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme
The State Earnings Related Pension Scheme (SERPS), originally known as the State Earnings Related Pension Supplement, was a UK Government pension arrangement, to which employees and employers contributed between 6 April 1978 and 5 April 2002, when it was replaced by the State Second Pension.

Employees who paid full Class 1 National insurance contribution between 1978 and 2002 earned a SERPS pension. Members of occupational pension schemes could be "contracted out" of SERPS by their employer, in which case they and the employer would pay reduced NI contributions, and they would earn virtually no SERPS pension.

State Second Pension
The State Second Pension (S2P), or Additional State Pension, was introduced in the UK by the Labour Government on 6 April 2002, to replace the SERPS (State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme). The main aim of this change was to skew existing Additional Pension (AP) benefits in favour of low and moderate earners at the expense of higher earners and to extend access to include certain carers and people with long-term illness or disability for the first time.

The Additional State Pension was replaced for new pensioners by the new State Pension on 6 April 2016.
Al-Arf al-Shadhi
Al-Arf al-Shadhi Sharh Sunan al-Tirmidhi (Arabic: العرف الشذي شرح سنن الترمذي, romanized: al-ʿArf al-Shadhī Sharḥ Sunan al-Tirmidhī) is a multi-volume Arabic commentary on Sunan al-Tirmidhi attributed to Muhammad Chiragh Punjabi, was crafted by synthesizing the annotations and teachings of Anwar Shah Kashmiri during his teaching career. Its initial publication dates back to 1919. Notably aligned with the Hanafi school of thought, the purpose of Kashmiri, as reflected in this work, extended beyond the clarification of ideas and grammatical intricacies; it predominantly aimed at establishing Abu Hanifa's elevated stature in the realm of jurisprudence. In 1968, Yusuf Banuri introduced Maarif al-Sunan Sharh Sunan al-Tirmidhi across six volumes to address any identified discrepancies within Al-Arf al-Shadhi.

Maarif al-Sunan
Maarif al-Sunan Sharh Sunan al-Tirmidhi (Arabic: معارف السنن شرح جامع الترمذي) is a six-volume Arabic commentary on Sahih al-Tirmidhi. It was authored by Yusuf Banuri, who compiled the work based on the teachings and lectures of Anwar Shah Kashmiri. Published in 1968, the commentary aimed to address the errors found in another commentary called Al-Arf al-Shadhi Sharh Sunan al-Tirmidhi, which was also based on the teachings of Anwar Shah Kashmiri.
Troubridge Island
Troubridge Island is an island located in the south west corner of Gulf St Vincent in South Australia near the eastern edge of the Troubridge Shoals off the east coast of Yorke Peninsula about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southeast by east of the town of Edithburgh It is notable for being a site of an operating lighthouse from 1856 until 2002 and as a site for a sea bird rookery.  Since 1982, the island has been part of the Troubridge Island Conservation Park.

Troubridge Island Lighthouse
Troubridge Island Lighthouse is a decommissioned lighthouse in the Australian state of South Australia located on Troubridge Island in Gulf St Vincent about 74 kilometres (46 miles) southwest of the state capital of Adelaide and about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southeast by east of Edithburgh on Yorke Peninsula.
Twana
Twana (Twana: təwəʔduq) is the collective name for a group of nine Coast Salish peoples in the western Puget Sound region along much of Hood Canal. The Skokomish are the main surviving group and self-identify as the Twana today. The spoken language, also named Twana, is part of the Central Coast Salish language group. The Twana language is closely related to Lushootseed.

The nine groups making up the Twana are the Dabop, Quilcene, Dosewallips, Duckabush, Hoodsport, Skokomish, Vance Creek, Tahuya, and Duhlelap. By 1860 there were 33 settlements in total, with the Skokomish making up the majority of the population. Most descendants of all groups now are citizens of the Skokomish Indian Tribe and live on the Skokomish Indian Reservation at Skokomish, Washington, in Mason County on the Kitsap Peninsula.

Skokomish people
The Skokomish (pronounced /skoʊˈkoʊmɪʃ/) are one of nine tribes of the Twana, a Native American people of western Washington state in the United States. The tribe lives along Hood Canal, a fjord-like inlet on the west side of the Kitsap Peninsula and the Puget Sound basin. Historically the Twana were hunters, fishers, and gatherers who had a nomadic lifestyle during the warmer months, while living in more permanent homes during the winter months.

Today, Skokomish people are enrolled in the federally recognized Skokomish Indian Tribe.
Kannin
Kannin (寛仁) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. "year name")  after Chōwa and before Jian.  This period spanned the years from April 1017 through February 1021. The reigning emperor was Go-Ichijō-tennō (後一条天皇).

Chōwa
Chōwa (長和) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. "year name")  after Kankō and before Kannin.  This period spanned the years from December 1012 through April 1017. The reigning emperors were Sanjō-tennō (三条天皇) and Go-Ichijō-tennō (後一条天皇).
Kirātārjunīya
Kirātārjunīya (Sanskrit: किरातार्जुनीय, Of Kirata and Arjuna) is an epic poem by Bhāravi, written in Sanskrit. Believed to have been composed in the 6th century or earlier, it consists of eighteen cantos describing the combat between Shiva (in the guise of a kirata, or "mountain-dwelling hunter"), and Arjuna. Along with the Naiṣadhacarita and the Shishupala Vadha, it is one of the larger three of the six Sanskrit mahakavyas, or great epics. It is noted among Sanskrit critics both for its gravity or depth of meaning, and for its forceful and sometimes playful expression. This includes a canto set aside for demonstrating linguistic feats, similar to constrained writing. Later works of epic poetry followed the model of the Kirātārjunīya.

Shishupala Vadha
The Shishupala Vadha (Sanskrit: शिशुपालवध, IAST: Śiśupāla-vadha, lit. "the slaying of Shishupala") is a work of classical Sanskrit poetry (kāvya) composed by Māgha in the 7th or 8th century. It is an epic poem in 20 sargas (cantos) of about 1800 highly ornate stanzas, and is considered one of the five Sanskrit mahakavyas, or "great epics". It is also known as the Māgha-kāvya after its author. Like other kavyas, it is admired more for its exquisite descriptions and lyrical quality than for any dramatic development of plot. Its 19th canto is noted for verbal gymnastics and wordplay; see the section on linguistic ingenuity below.
The Free Besieged
"The Free Besieged" (Greek: Οι Ελεύθεροι Πολιορκημένοι, Oi Eleftheroi Poliorkimenoi) is an epic, unfinished work, composed by Dionysios Solomos and inspired by the third siege of Missolonghi (1825–1826), a crucial conflict of the Greek War of Independence. It is not a single work, but consists of three separate poems in fragmentary form. The Free Besieged is considered one of the greatest poems of Solomos, national poet of Greece.

Third siege of Missolonghi
The third siege of Missolonghi (Greek: Τρίτη Πολιορκία του Μεσολογγίου, often erroneously referred to as the second siege) was fought in the Greek War of Independence, between the Ottoman Empire and the Greek rebels, from 15 April 1825 to 10 April 1826. The Ottomans had already tried and failed to capture the city in 1822 and 1823, but returned in 1825 with a stronger force of infantry and a stronger navy supporting the infantry. The Greeks held out for almost a year before they ran out of food and attempted a mass breakout, which however resulted in a disaster, with the larger part of the Greeks slain. This defeat was a key factor leading to intervention by the Great Powers who, hearing about the atrocities, felt sympathetic to the Greek cause. Their support would prove decisive in helping the Greeks win the war and gain independence.
Komine Castle
Komine Castle (小峰城, Komine-jō) is a Japanese castle located in what is now the city of Shirakawa, southern Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Throughout the middle to later Edo period, Komine Castle was home to the Abe clan, daimyō of Shirakawa Domain. It was also referred to as Shirakawa-Komine Castle (白河小峰城, Shirakawa Komine-jō) or simply Shirakawa Castle (白河城, Shirakawa-jō). The castle is one of the 100 Fine Castles of Japan, and in 2007 was designated a National Historic Site. It should not be confused with the older Shirakawa Castle also located in Shirakawa, Fukushima, also known as Karame-jō (搦目城) or Yūki-Shirakawa-jō (結城白川城).  The castle grounds are also a noted venue for viewing sakura in spring.

Shirakawa Domain
Shirakawa Domain (白河藩, Shirakawa-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in southern Mutsu Province. It was centered on Komine Castle in what is now the city of Shirakawa, Fukushima. Its most famous ruler was Matsudaira Sadanobu, the architect of the Kansei Reforms. It was also the scene of one of the battles of the Boshin War of the Meiji restoration.
Providence Grays
The Providence Grays were a Major League Baseball team based in Providence, Rhode Island who played in the National League from 1878 until 1885. The Grays played at the Messer Street Grounds in the Olneyville neighborhood. The team won the National League title twice, in 1879 and 1884.  Following the 1884 season, they won the World Series over the New York Metropolitans of the American Association.  The team folded after the 1885 season.

Messer Street Grounds
Messer Street Grounds, also known as Messer Park or Messer Field, was a baseball park located in Providence, Rhode Island. It was home to the Providence Grays of the National League from 1878 to 1885 and of the minor league Providence Grays of the Eastern League in 1886.

In 1878, the Providence Base Ball Association formed and began scouting around the city for a good location for "the best baseball plant in the country."  Team directors visited the old Josiah Chapin farm on city's west side and decided that it fit all of the requirements for a baseball park. It was close to level, it was raised up a few feet from the surrounding roads, and it was easily accessible by street car.

Construction on Messer Park began on April 1 and took exactly one month to complete; the final nail was hammered a mere five minutes before the opening game got underway on May 1.
DSE-Alpha
Deep Space Expedition Alpha (DSE-Alpha), is the name given to the mission proposed in 2005 to take the first space tourists to fly around the Moon. The mission is organized by Space Adventures Ltd., a commercial spaceflight company. The plans involve a modified Soyuz capsule docking with a booster rocket in Earth orbit which then sends the spacecraft on a free return circumlunar trajectory that circles around the Moon once. While the price was originally announced in August 2005 to cost US$100 million per seat, Space Adventures founder Eric Anderson announced in January 2011 that one of the two available seats had been sold for $150 million.

Space Adventures
Space Adventures, Inc. is an American space tourism company founded in 1998 by Eric C. Anderson. Its offerings include zero-gravity atmospheric flights, orbital spaceflights (with the option to participate in a spacewalk), and other spaceflight-related experiences including cosmonaut training, spacewalk training, and launch tours. Plans announced thus far include sub-orbital and lunar spaceflights, though these are not being actively pursued at present. Nine of its clients have participated in the orbital spaceflight program with Space Adventures, including one who took two separate trips to space.
Phạm Hồng Nam
Phạm Hồng Nam (born 7 April 1996) is a Vietnamese badminton player, specializing in doubles play. He was the champion at the 2016 Vietnam International Series in the men's doubles with his partner Đỗ Tuấn Đức.

Đỗ Tuấn Đức
Đỗ Tuấn Đức (born 6 February 1996) is a Vietnamese badminton player from Hanoi. He was the bronze medalist at the Gimcheon, South Korea 2012 Asian Junior Championships in the mixed doubles event partnered with Lê Thu Huyền. Đỗ won his first BWF Grand Prix title at the 2016 Canada Open with his partner in the mixed doubles Phạm Như Thảo.
Bieler Tagblatt
Bieler Tagblatt is a Swiss Standard German language daily newspaper, published by Gassmann AG in Biel/Bienne, Canton of Bern. It was founded in 1850 as the Seeländer Bote, which merged in 1904 with two other papers, the Tagblatt für die Stadt Biel and the Seeländer Nachrichten, to form the current title. It is the sister newspaper of the French-language paper Journal du Jura.

Journal du Jura
The Journal du Jura (French pronunciation: [ʒuʁnal dy ʒyʁa]) is a French-language Swiss newspaper published in Biel/Bienne, Canton of Bern. It was founded in 1871, the successor to two prior papers; in this period it served as an outlet for the Jura Liberals. In 1956, it took over its rival paper, Petit Jurassien. It is the sister newspaper to the German-language paper Bieler Tagblatt.
Gautam Thapar
Gautam Thapar (born 7 December 1960) is an Indian businessman who is the chairman of Avantha Group and a member of the Thapar family. Thapar was noted as an industrialist; however, in 2019, he faced allegations of financial fraud which negatively impacted his businesses and included Thapar losing control of his largest company.

Thapar family
Thapar family is an Indian business family. They are not a single business group, and every branch of the family runs its own clutch of companies. The family is of Punjabi origin. The family's fortunes as a business house was founded by Karam Chand Thapar.
Anjong of Goryeo
Anjong (Korean: 고려 안종; Hanja: 高麗 安宗; about 920/37–24 July 996), personal name Wang Uk, was a Goryeo Royal Prince as the only child of King Taejo and Queen Sinseong. He later became the father of King Hyeonjong.

Hyeonjong of Goryeo
Hyeonjong (1 August 992 – 17 June 1031), personal name Wang Sun, was the 8th ruler of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. He was a grandson of the dynastic founder King Taejo. He was appointed by the military leader Kang Cho, whom the King Mokjong had called upon to destroy a plot by Kim Ch'i-yang. During his reign, the Goryeo dynasty fought two wars against the Khitan Liao dynasty. Today Hyeonjong is considered to be among the greatest leaders in Korean history.
Idea Cellular
Idea Cellular was an Indian telecommunications company based at Mumbai, Maharashtra. It was an integrated GSM operator and had 220.00 million subscribers as of June 2018.

In 2018 Idea Cellular merged with Vodafone India into Vodafone Idea.

Vodafone Idea
Vodafone Idea (d/b/a Vi, pronounced /ˈviː/ ⓘ and stylized as V!) is an Indian telecommunications company, headquartered in Gandhinagar. It is an all-India integrated GSM operator offering mobile telephony services.

As of 2025, Vi has a subscriber base of 127.78 million, making it third largest mobile telecommunications network in India and 12th largest mobile telecommunications network in the world.

Vodafone Idea was created on 31 August 2018 by the merger of Vodafone India and Idea Cellular. On 20 September 2020, the two separate brands Vodafone India and Idea Cellular rebranded as Vodafone Idea (Vi).
Sembah
Sembah (Javanese: ꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦃ, Sundanese: ᮞᮨᮙᮘᮃᮠ, Balinese: ᬲᭂᬫ᭄ᬩᬄ) is an Indonesian greeting and gesture of respect and reverence performed by clasping the palms together solemnly in a prayer-like fashion, placing them in front of the chest and, while bowing slightly, moving the pressed palms up to either the chin, or until the thumbs touch the tip of their nose, depending on the status of the person greeted.

Sembah is endemic and prevalent in Nusantara regional cultures sharing dharmic heritage—such as Balinese, Javanese, and Sundanese. It is cognate to the Cambodian sampeah and Thai wai. All of these greetings are based on the Indian Añjali Mudrā used in namasté.

Namaste
Namaste (Sanskrit pronunciation: [nɐmɐsteː], Devanagari: नमस्ते), sometimes called namaskār and namaskāram, is a customary Hindu manner of respectfully greeting and honouring a person or group, used at any time of day. It is used worldwide among the Hindu, Buddhist and Jain traditions. Namaste is usually spoken with a slight bow and hands pressed together, palms touching and fingers pointing upwards, thumbs close to the chest. This gesture is called añjali mudrā; the standing posture incorporating it is pranāmāsana.
Ampleforth College
Ampleforth College is a co-educational fee-charging private boarding school. It opened in 1803 as a boys' school. It is near the village of Ampleforth, North Yorkshire, England, on the grounds of Benedictine monastery Ampleforth Abbey. The school is in a valley with sports pitches, wooded areas, and lakes. The school has the oldest purpose-built school theatre in the United Kingdom, a dedicated student pub, and its own infirmary. It has received national attention for significant safeguarding failures.

St Laurence Educational Trust and the Ampleforth Abbey Trust are responsible for running Ampleforth College. Boarding fees were £46,740 for the school year 2024/2025.

Ampleforth Abbey
Ampleforth Abbey is a monastery of Benedictine monks a mile to the east of Ampleforth, North Yorkshire, England, part of the English Benedictine Congregation.  It descends from the pre-Reformation community at Westminster Abbey through the last surviving monk from Westminster, Sigebert Buckley (c. 1520 - c. 1610). As of 2024 the monastery has 41 monks, and sometimes will have 50 nuns of the monastery organization.
Timothy Dolan
Timothy Michael Dolan (born February 6, 1950) is an American Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of New York from 2009 to 2025. Dolan served as president of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) from 2010 to 2013. Dolan was rector of the Pontifical North American College in Rome from 1994 to 2001, auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of St. Louis from 2001 to 2002, and archbishop of the Archdiocese of Milwaukee from 2002 to 2009. Dolan was made a cardinal by Pope Benedict XVI in 2012.

On February 10, 2026, Dolan was appointed co-chief chaplain of the New York City Police Department (NYPD).

Archdiocese of St. Louis
The Archdiocese of St. Louis (Latin: Archidiœcesis Sancti Ludovici) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Missouri. Mitchell Thomas Rozanski is the archbishop; the see church is the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis.
Chislehurst (UK Parliament constituency)
Chislehurst was a parliamentary constituency in what is now the London Borough of Bromley. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.

The constituency was created for the 1918 general election, and abolished for the 1997 general election, when it was partly replaced by the new Bromley and Chislehurst constituency. From 1885, most of the area of this constituency had been included in the Sevenoaks seat.

Bromley and Chislehurst
Bromley and Chislehurst was a constituency in Greater London represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 2006 until its abolition for the 2024 general election by Bob Neill, a Conservative.
Turbo C++
Turbo C++ is a discontinued C++ compiler and integrated development environment originally from Borland. It was designed as a home and hobbyist counterpart for Borland C++. As the developer focused more on professional programming tools, later Turbo C++ products were made as scaled down versions of its professional compilers.

Borland C++
Borland C++ is a C and C++ IDE (integrated development environment) released by Borland for MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows. It was the successor to Turbo C++ and included a better debugger, the Turbo Debugger, which was written in protected-mode DOS.