hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patriarchate of Karlovci
The Patriarchate of Karlovci (Serbian: Карловачка патријаршија, romanized: Karlovačka patrijaršija) or Serbian Patriarchate of Sremski Karlovci (Serbian: Српска патријаршија у Сремским Карловцима, romanized: Srpska patrijaršija u Sremskim Karlovcima), was a patriarchate of the Eastern Orthodox Church that existed between 1848 and 1920. It was formed when the Metropolitanate of Karlovci was elevated to the rank of patriarchate. The Patriarchate of Karlovci nominally existed until 1920, when along with several other Eastern Orthodox jurisdictions in the defunct Austro-Hungarian Empire, as well as the Metropolitanate of Cetinje, it was merged with the Metropolitanate of Belgrade to form the united Serbian Orthodox Church. The seat of the Patriarchate was in Karlovci (today Sremski Karlovci, Serbia).

Metropolitanate of Karlovci
The Metropolitanate of Karlovci (Serbian: Карловачка митрополија, romanized: Karlovačka mitropolija) was a metropolitanate of the Eastern Orthodox Church that existed in the Habsburg monarchy between 1708 and 1848. Between 1708 and 1713, it was known as the Metropolitanate of Krušedol, and between 1713 and 1848, as the Metropolitanate of Karlovci. In 1848, it was elevated to the Patriarchate of Karlovci, which existed until 1920, when it was merged with the Metropolitanate of Belgrade and other Eastern Orthodox jurisdictions in the newly established  Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes to form the Serbian Orthodox Church.
Alberta Medical Association
The Alberta Medical Association (AMA) is a provincial affiliate of the Canadian Medical Association, established in 1889 in the Canadian province of Alberta. It describes itself as an "advocate for its physician members, providing leadership and support for their role in the provision of quality health care".

The Alberta Medical Association was formed in 1906, as the Canadian Medical Association, Alberta Division and serves as the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta. It was predated by the North West Territories Medical Association founded in 1889 at a Canadian Medical Association meeting at Banff. The association supported prepaid health insurance in the 1940s, and its advocacy helped bring about the government-created Medical Services (Alberta) Incorporated. The group's name was formally changed to the Alberta Medical Association in the 1960s.

College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta
The College of Physicians & Surgeons of Alberta (CPSA) is a regulatory college in the Canadian province of Alberta.  Its stated purpose is to "register physicians and issue medical practice permits, develop and administer standards of practice and conduct, and investigate and resolve physician-related complaints". CPSA also "provides leadership and direction on health and related policy issues".

The organization was formed in Calgary in 1905.
Juan José Arévalo
Juan José Arévalo Bermejo (10 September 1904 – 8 October 1990) was a Guatemalan statesman and professor of philosophy who became Guatemala's first democratically elected president in 1945. He was elected following a popular uprising against the United States-backed dictator Jorge Ubico that began the Guatemalan Revolution. He remained in office until 1951, surviving 25 coup attempts. He did not contest the election of 1951, instead choosing to hand over power to Jacobo Árbenz. As president, he enacted several social reform policies, including an increase in the minimum wage and a series of literacy programs. He also oversaw the drafting of a new constitution in 1945. His son, Bernardo, became President of Guatemala in 2024.

Because of his reforms and policies that transcended his time, Juan José Arévalo is considered the most popular and influential president in the history of Guatemala.

Jorge Ubico
Jorge Ubico Castañeda (10 November 1878 – 14 June 1946), nicknamed Number Five or also Central America's Napoleon, was a Guatemalan military officer, politician, and dictator who served as the president of Guatemala from 1931 to 1944.

A general in the Guatemalan military, he was elected to the presidency in 1931, in an election where he was the only candidate. He continued his predecessors' policies of giving massive concessions to the United Fruit Company and wealthy landowners, as well as supporting their harsh labor practices. Ubico has been described as "one of the most oppressive tyrants Guatemala has ever known" who compared himself to Adolf Hitler. He was removed by a pro-democracy uprising in 1944, which led to the ten-year Guatemalan Revolution.
Barry Alvarez
Barry Lee Alvarez (born December 30, 1946) is an American former college football coach and athletic director at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.  He served as the head football coach at Wisconsin for 16 seasons, from 1990 to 2005, compiling a career record of 119–72–4.  He has the longest head coaching tenure and the most wins in Wisconsin Badgers football history.  Alvarez stepped down as head coach after the 2005 season, and remained as athletic director until July 1, 2021.

Since retiring, Alvarez has served as interim head coach on two occasions. He coached Wisconsin in the 2013 Rose Bowl, after the departure of Bret Bielema to the University of Arkansas, and in the 2015 Outback Bowl, following the departure of Gary Andersen to Oregon State University.

Alvarez was inducted to the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2010. In honor of his accomplishments, the Badgers announced in 2021 that the field within Camp Randall would be renamed to Barry Alvarez Field.

Bret Bielema
Bret Arnold Bielema (/ˈbiːləmɑː/; born January 13, 1970) is an American football coach who is the head football coach at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, a position he has held since the 2021 season. He served as the head coach at Wisconsin from 2006 to 2012, achieving a 68–24 record and taking them to three straight Rose Bowl Games and at Arkansas from 2013 to 2017, tallying a mark of 29–34. Bielema was an assistant coach in the National Football League (NFL) for three seasons, in 2018 and 2019 with the New England Patriots and in 2020 with the New York Giants.
Rhizobia
Rhizobia are diazotrophic bacteria that fix nitrogen after becoming established inside the root nodules of legumes (Fabaceae). To express genes for nitrogen fixation, rhizobia require a plant host; they cannot independently fix nitrogen. In general, they are gram negative, motile, non-sporulating rods.

Rhizobia are a "group of soil bacteria that infect the roots of legumes to form root nodules". Rhizobia are found in the soil and, after infection, produce nodules in the legume where they fix nitrogen gas (N2) from the atmosphere, turning it into a more readily useful form of nitrogen: ammonia (NH3). From here, the nitrogen is exported from the nodules and used for growth in the legume. Once the legume dies, the nodule breaks down and releases the rhizobia back into the soil, where they can live individually or reinfect a new legume host.

Diazotroph
Diazotrophs are organisms capable of nitrogen fixation, i.e. converting the relatively inert diatomic nitrogen (N2) in Earth's atmosphere into bioavailable compound forms such as ammonia. Diazotrophs are typically microorganisms such as bacteria and archaea, with examples being rhizobia and Frankia and Azospirillum. All diazotrophs contain iron-molybdenum or iron-vanadium nitrogenase systems, and two of the most studied systems are those of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Azotobacter vinelandii due to their genetic tractability and their fast growth.
Anna Alma-Tadema
Anna Alma-Tadema (née Tadema; 16 May 1867 – 5 July 1943) was a British artist and suffragette.

Alma-Tadema primarily worked with drawings and paintings, creating many portraits and representations of interior scenes, flowers and buildings. She was influenced by her father, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, and showed her works at exhibitions with him and her step-mother, Laura Theresa Alma-Tadema (née Epps). Her work was shown at national exhibitions, including the Royal Academy of Arts and the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago.

Anna Alma-Tadema was recognized for her achievements as an artist at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago and the 1889 Paris Exhibition.

Laura Theresa Alma-Tadema
Laura Theresa, Lady Alma-Tadema (née Epps; 16 April 1852  –  15 August 1909) was a British painter specialising in domestic and genre scenes of women and children. Eighteen of her paintings were exhibited at the Royal Academy. Her husband, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, was one of the most prominent Victorian painters.
Smile (Katy Perry song)
"Smile" is a song by American singer Katy Perry for her sixth studio album of the same name (2020). It was released on July 10, 2020, by Capitol Records as the second single from the album, along with the album's pre-order. Musically, it is a nu-disco song which samples Naughty by Nature's 1999 song "Jamboree". On the song, Perry talks about expressing her gratitude for changes in her life. Music critics complimented the song's message and upbeat production, but deemed it lyrically simplistic and critiqued its redundant sound. A version featuring American rapper Diddy is featured on some vinyl versions of the album, while remixes of the song by Giorgio Moroder and Joel Corry have also been released to promote the song. "Smile" was performed during the SiriusXM Hits 1 and the concert residency Play (2021–2023).

Jamboree (song)
"Jamboree" is a song by American hip hop group Naughty by Nature for their fifth studio album Nineteen Naughty Nine: Nature's Fury (1999), featuring a chorus with R&B group Zhané. The song was a relative commercial success, peaking at number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number-one on the Hot Rap Singles, becoming their first song since "O.P.P." to reach number-one on the Rap charts. It also spent 5 weeks at number-one on the Canadian RPM Dance Chart. The song was certified gold on August 3, 1999, becoming the group's fourth and final single to reach at least gold status.

In 2020, Katy Perry sampled "Jamboree" on her song " Smile".
Formosa Plastics Group Museum
The Formosa Plastics Group Museum is a museum located at Chang Gung University in Taoyuan, Taiwan. The museum, which opened to the public in 2004, has six above-ground exhibition floors and one basement exhibition area, covering over 8,000 square meters. Its main purpose is to educate the general public about the two Formosa Plastics Group (FPG) founders, Wang Yung-ching and Wang Yung-tsai.

Formosa Plastics Group
Formosa Plastics Group (FPG, Chinese: 臺塑企業; pinyin: Tái Sù Jítuán) is a titular Taiwanese conglomerate of diverse interests, including biotechnology, petrochemical processing and production of electronics components.  The group was founded by Wang Yung-ching and his brother Wang Yung-tsai, and is chaired by Wong Wen-yuan. Despite its name, its holdings include several companies prominent in the high tech electronics sector, including VIA Technologies and Nanya Technology Corporation.
Treebank
In linguistics, a treebank is a parsed text corpus that annotates syntactic or semantic sentence structure. The construction of parsed corpora in the early 1990s revolutionized computational linguistics, which benefitted from large-scale empirical data.

Text corpus
In linguistics and natural language processing, a corpus (pl.: corpora) or text corpus is a dataset, consisting of  natively digital and older, digitalized, language resources, either annotated or unannotated. Annotated, they have been used in corpus linguistics for statistical hypothesis testing, checking occurrences or validating linguistic rules within a specific language territory.
Middle colic artery
The middle colic artery is an artery of the abdomen; a branch of the superior mesenteric artery distributed to parts of the ascending and transverse colon. It usually divides into two terminal branches - a left one and a right one - which go on to form anastomoses with the left colic artery, and right colic artery (respectively), thus participating in the formation of the marginal artery of the colon.

Parts of the artery may be removed in different types of hemicolectomy.

Marginal artery of the colon
In human anatomy, the marginal artery of the colon, also known as the marginal artery of Drummond, the artery of Drummond, and simply as the marginal artery, is an artery that connects the inferior mesenteric artery with the superior mesenteric artery. It is sometimes absent, as an anatomical variant.
Brooke Pratley
Brooke Pratley (born 6 April 1980 in Goulburn, New South Wales) is an Australian former rower. She is an Australian national champion, a world champion, a dual Olympian and an Olympic medal-winner. Together with Kim Crow, she won a silver medal at the 2012 Olympic Games in London.

Kim Brennan
Kimberley Jean "Kim" Brennan AM (née Crow; born 9 August 1985) is an Australian retired rower. She is a sixteen-time national champion, two-time World Champion, three-time Olympian and Olympic gold medallist.
Military Industries Corporation
Military Industries Corporation (MIC or SAMIC; Arabic: المؤسسة العامة للصناعات الحربية) is a state-owned enterprise in Saudi Arabia founded in 1953. MIC became a subsidiary of Saudi Arabian Military Industries (SAMI) in 2017 following the latter's  founding. Based in Riyadh, the MIC manufactures armaments and develops Saudi Arabia's military arsenal through technology transfer and research and development.

Saudi Arabian Military Industries
Saudi Arabian Military Industries (SAMI; Arabic: الشركة السعودية للصناعات العسكرية) is a Saudi Arabian state-owned defense company. It was established in 2017 and is wholly owned by the Public Investment Fund of Saudi Arabia.
Bulungamayinae
Bulungamayinae is an extinct subfamily that allies fossil species of marsupials, showing close morphological features found in the modern potoroines, the bettongs and potoroos of Australia.

The group possess characteristics of their dentition that place them in an alliance with the modern potoroos, smaller long nosed fungivores that dig and burrow. The premolars and incisors resemble the other potoroines, yet the molars accord with the herbivorous macropodids such as the kangaroos. Other characteristics of the ancestral group are found the two divergent families, and they were larger than modern potoroine species at around five to ten kilograms in weight, slightly more than the largest, the species Aepyprymnus rufescens.

The genera within the subfamilial arrangement of Potoroidae may be summarised as follows,

family Potoroidae

subfamily  †Palaeopotoroinae
subfamily Potoroinae
subfamily †Bulungamayinae
genus Bulungamaya
genus Ganguroo

Potoroidae
Potoroidae is a family of marsupials, small Australian animals known as bettongs, potoroos, and rat-kangaroos. All are rabbit-sized, brown, jumping marsupials and resemble a large rodent or a very small wallaby.
Gary Gilbert
Gary Gilbert (born 1965) is an American film producer and businessman. He is the founder and CEO of Gilbert Films, a media production and financing company based in Los Angeles, California. He is also a co-founder of Rocket Mortgage, as well as a co-owner of the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association along with his brother, Dan Gilbert.

Dan Gilbert
Daniel Bruce Gilbert (born January 17, 1962) is an American billionaire businessman and philanthropist. He is the co-founder, majority owner, and chairman of Rocket Mortgage, and founder of Rock Ventures. He is also well-known as the owner of the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association, the Cleveland Charge of the NBA G League, and the Cleveland Monsters of the American Hockey League. As of May 2025, Forbes estimated his net worth at US$22.5 billion, making him the 88th richest person in the world.
2019–20 Nedbank Cup
The 2019–20 Nedbank Cup was the 2019–20 edition of South Africa's premier knockout club football (soccer) competition, the Nedbank Cup.

The 16 Premier Soccer League (PSL) clubs, eight National First Division (NFD) teams, as well as eight teams from the amateur ranks entered the main draw of 32 teams. The PSL teams entered the main draw automatically, while the NFD clubs needed to play a single qualifier against other NFD clubs. The amateur teams go through a series of qualifiers to enter the main draw.

From the round of 32 onwards, teams were not seeded, and the first sides drawn received home-ground advantage. There were no replays, and games which ended in a draw after 90 minutes were subject to 30 minutes extra time followed by penalties if necessary.

The Nedbank Cup winners Mamelodi Sundowns already qualified for Champions League through the ABSA Premiership, therefore the spot was given to the runner up Bloemfontein Celtic.

2019–20 South African Premiership
The 2019–20 South African Premiership season (known as the ABSA Premiership for sponsorship reasons, and also commonly referred to as the PSL after the governing body) was the 24th season of the Premiership since its establishment in 1996. The season began in August 2019 and concluded in September 2020. Mamelodi Sundowns were the two-time defending champions. This season's winner will qualify for the 2020–21 CAF Champions League along with the second-placed team. The 3rd placed team and Nedbank Cup winners qualify for the CAF Confederation Cup.

The season was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It resumed on 11 August 2020 after more than three months of suspension. Mamelodi Sundowns won the title in the last day of the competition, they beat Kaizer Chiefs who were leading for more than half of the season. Mamelodi Sundowns won their third consecutive title and their 10th title overall. This was the last season sponsored by ABSA.
Alabama Senate
32°22′36″N 86°17′56″W﻿ / ﻿32.37667°N 86.29889°W﻿ / 32.37667; -86.29889

The Alabama State Senate is the upper house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The body is composed of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, with each district containing at least 127,140 citizens. Similar to the lower house, the Alabama House of Representatives, the senate serves both without term limits and with a four-year term.

The Alabama State Senate meets at the State House in Montgomery.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the United States Senate, the senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions and boards.

Alabama House of Representatives
The Alabama House of Representatives is the lower house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of state of Alabama. The House is composed of 105 members representing an equal number of districts, with each constituency containing at least 42,380 citizens. There are no term limits in the House. The House is also one of the five lower houses of state legislatures in the United States that is elected every four years. Other lower houses, including the United States House of Representatives, are elected for a two-year term.

The House meets at the Alabama State House in Montgomery. The speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives is its leader.
Jeff Corey
Jeff Corey (born Arthur Zwerling; August 10, 1914 – August 16, 2002) was an American actor, television director, and teacher. After being blacklisted in the 1950s, he became one of the most prominent and influential acting coaches in Hollywood, whose students included the likes of Kirk Douglas, Jack Nicholson, Robin Williams, James Dean, Jane Fonda, Peter Fonda, James Coburn, Leonard Nimoy, Cher, Barbra Streisand and Rob Reiner. He returned to film and television work in the 1960s, playing many character roles.

James Coburn
James Harrison Coburn III (August 31, 1928 – November 18, 2002) was an American actor who featured in more than 70 films, largely action roles, and made 100 television appearances during a 45-year career.

Coburn was in numerous leading roles in Westerns and action films. He had starring roles in The Magnificent Seven, Hell Is for Heroes, The Great Escape, Charade and Hard Times as well as the lead role in Our Man Flint and its sequel In Like Flint, The President's Analyst,  Duck, You Sucker!, Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid, and Cross of Iron. In 1998, Coburn won an Academy Award for his supporting role as Glen Whitehouse in Affliction. In 2002, he received a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Miniseries nomination for producing The Mists of Avalon.

During the New Hollywood era, he cultivated an image synonymous with "cool".
Things the Grandchildren Should Know
Things the Grandchildren Should Know is an autobiography by Mark Oliver Everett, the front man of the independent rock band Eels. Everett spent a year writing the book between the release of the retrospectives Meet The Eels: Essential Eels, Vol. 1 (1996–2006) and Useless Trinkets: B-Sides, Soundtracks, Rarities and Unreleased 1996–2006 and the composition of 2009's Hombre Lobo.

Eels (band)
Eels (often typeset as eels or EELS) is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1991 by singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Mark Oliver Everett, known by the stage name E. Band members have changed over the years, both in the studio and on stage, making Everett the only official member for most of the band's work. Eels' music is often filled with themes of family, death, and unrequited love. Since 1996, Eels has released fifteen studio albums, seven of which entered the Billboard 200.
Battle of Hobkirk's Hill
The Battle of Hobkirk's Hill (sometimes referred to as the Second Battle of Camden) was a battle of the American Revolutionary War fought on April 25, 1781, near Camden, South Carolina. A small American force under Nathanael Greene occupying Hobkirk's Hill, north of Camden, was attacked by British troops led by Francis Rawdon. After a fierce clash, Greene retreated, leaving Rawdon's smaller force in possession of the hill.

Despite the victory, Rawdon soon fell back to Camden and two weeks later found it necessary to abandon Camden and withdraw toward Charleston, South Carolina. The battle was one of four engagements in which Greene was defeated.  The battlefield marker is located at Broad Street and Greene Street two miles north of the center of modern Camden.

Camden, South Carolina
Camden is the largest city in and the county seat of Kershaw County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 7,788 in the 2020 census, and the 2022 population estimate is 8,213. It is part of the Columbia, South Carolina, Metropolitan Statistical Area. Camden is the oldest inland city in South Carolina, and home to the Carolina Cup and the National Steeplechase Museum.
Chips Mackinolty
Chips Mackinolty (born 12 March 1954) is an Australian artist. He was involved in the campaigns against Australian participation in the war in Vietnam by producing posters, and was a key figure in the radical poster movement. In 1990 he co-founded, with Peter Cook and Therese Ritchie, Green Ant Research Arts and Publishing. He also worked in public service roles and as a journalist.

Therese Ritchie
Therese Ritchie (born 1961) is an Australian contemporary artist, writer and graphic designer, based in Darwin in the Northern Territory. She is known for her collaborations with Chips Mackinolty and Peter Cook, including founding Green Ant Research Arts and Publishing in 1990, and for her representation of Aboriginal Australian issues.