hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Animal-borne bomb attacks
Animal-borne bomb attacks are the use of animals as delivery systems for explosives. The explosives are strapped to a pack animal such as a horse, mule or donkey. The pack animal may be set off in a crowd.

Projects of bat bombs, dog bombs, and pigeon bombs have also been studied.

Anti-tank dog
Anti-tank dogs (Russian: собаки-истребители танков sobaki-istrebiteli tankov or противотанковые собаки protivotankovye sobaki; German: Panzerabwehrhunde or Hundeminen, "dog-mines") were dogs taught to carry explosives to tanks, armored vehicles, and other military targets. They were intensively trained by the Soviet military forces between 1930 and 1946, and used from 1941 to 1943, against German tanks in World War II. Initially, dogs were trained to leave a timer-detonated bomb and retreat, but this routine was replaced by an impact-detonation procedure which killed the dog in the process.
Kron Gracie
Kron Stavik Gracie (born July 11, 1988) is a Brazilian and American mixed martial artist, submission grappler, and instructor. He previously competed in the Featherweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

A member of the Gracie family of Brazilian jiu-jitsu, he is the son of 9th deg. BJJ red belt Rickson Gracie and a grandson of BJJ co-founder Hélio Gracie. Training jiu-jitsu from a very young age Gracie became a two-time IBJJF World champion and four-time Pan-American champion before receiving his black belt at the age of 19. By 2008 Gracie held a record of 51 consecutive matches won by submission at high level tournaments. After medalling at the Pan-American championship, Gracie became European champion in 2009, World championship silver medallist in 2011 and in 2013 ADCC Submission Fighting World Champion.

Hélio Gracie
Hélio Gracie (October 1, 1913 – January 29, 2009) was a Brazilian martial artist who together with his brothers Oswaldo, Gastao Jr, George and Carlos Gracie founded and developed the self-defense martial art system of Gracie jiu-jitsu, also known as Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ).

Considered as the Godfather of BJJ, according to his son Rorion, Gracie is one of the first sports heroes in Brazilian history; he was named Man of the Year in 1997 by the American martial arts publication Black Belt magazine. A patriarch of the Gracie family, multiple members of his family have gone on to have successful careers in combat sport competition, including mixed martial arts (MMA). In 2001, he was inducted into the Martial Arts History Museum Hall of Fame.
Coltan
Coltan (short for columbite–tantalite and known industrially as tantalite) is a dull black metallic ore from which the elements niobium and tantalum are extracted. The niobium-dominant mineral in coltan is columbite (after niobium's original name columbium), and the tantalum-dominant mineral is tantalite.

Among other uses, tantalum from coltan is used to manufacture tantalum capacitors which are used for mobile phones, personal computers, automotive electronics, and cameras. Niobium is used in the manufacture of MRI magnets and as an additive to steel. Coltan mining is widespread in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Mining industry of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The mining industry of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (French: Industrie minière de la République Démocratique du Congo) is a major global supplier of minerals including cobalt, copper, diamonds, gold, tantalum, and tin. The DRC supplies over 60% of global cobalt, and mineral exports account for more than 95% of the country's export revenues.

Mining includes large-scale industrial projects, semi-industrial ventures, and widespread artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM), often under dangerous and exploitative conditions.
General Electric F414
The General Electric F414 is an American afterburning turbofan engine in the 22,000-pound (98 kN) thrust class produced by GE Aerospace (formerly GE Aviation). The F414 originated from GE's widely used F404 turbofan, enlarged and improved for use in the Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet. The engine was developed from the F412 non-afterburning turbofan planned for the A-12 Avenger II, before it was canceled.

General Electric F404
The General Electric F404 and F412 are a family of afterburning turbofan engines in the 10,500–19,000 lbf (47–85 kN) class (static thrust). The series is produced by GE Aerospace. Partners include Volvo Aero, which builds the RM12 variant. The F404 was developed into the larger F414 turbofan, as well as the experimental GE36 civil propfan.
Saune
Saune  (ward no. 14) is a populated place located in Triyuga municipality of Udayapur District in Province No. 1 of Nepal. At the time of 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 2,678 people living in 518 individual households.

Previously, Saune was a separate village development committee in Udayapur District of Sagarmatha Zone in Eastern Region of Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1753 people living in 297 individual households.

Fulfilling the requirement of the new Constitution of Nepal 2015, MoFALD replaced all old VDCs and Municipalities into 753 new local level body (Municipality), thus Saune was merged with Triyuga Municipality.

Triyuga Municipality
Triyuga (Nepali: त्रियुगा) is one of the eight municipalities of Udayapur district of the Koshi Pradesh of Nepal. Gaighat is the headquarter of the municipality. According to the 2021 Nepal census the total population of the municipality is 103,475. It is divided into 16 wards. Triyuga Municipality was established on B.S. Chaitra 13, 2053 (26 March 1997). It was named after Triyuga River. A river which flows through the town. Triyuga is the 3rd largest municipality in Nepal and 1st largest in Koshi Pradesh in term of size (area). The total area of the municipality is 547.43 square kilometres (211.36 mi2).

Almost all facilities are available in the town. Schools, colleges, Hospitals and clinics are available in the town. There are six police stations and armed police force in the town, and an army barrack is also situated in the city.
Hwasong-19
The Hwasong-19 (Korean: 《화성포-19》형; lit. Mars Artillery Type 19) is a North Korean solid-fueled intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). First tested on 31 October 2024, Hwasong-19 is an evolution of Hwasong-18 with a longer range and a heavier payload. Hwasong-19 has been claimed by North Korean state media as the world's strongest missile.

Hwasong-18
The Hwasong-18 (Korean: 《화성포-18》형; lit. 'Mars Artillery Type 18') is a North Korean three-stage solid-fuelled intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). It is the first solid-fueled ICBM developed by North Korea, and was first unveiled at the 8 February 2023 parade commemorating the 75th anniversary of the founding of the Korean People's Army. Its maiden flight occurred on 13 April 2023.
Pangaea
Pangaea or Pangea (/pænˈdʒiːə/ pan-JEE-ə) was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. It assembled from the earlier continental units of Gondwana, Euramerica and Siberia during the Carboniferous period approximately 335 million years ago, and began to break apart about 200 million years ago, at the end of the Triassic and beginning of the Jurassic. Pangaea was C-shaped, with the bulk of its mass stretching between Earth's northern and southern polar regions and surrounded by the superocean Panthalassa and the Paleo-Tethys and subsequent Tethys Oceans. Pangaea is the most recent supercontinent to have existed and was the first to be reconstructed by geologists.

Laurasia
Laurasia (/lɔːˈreɪʒə, -ʃə/) was the more northern of two large landmasses that formed part of the Pangaea supercontinent from around 335 to 175 million years ago (Mya), the other being Gondwana. It separated from Gondwana 215 to 175 Mya (beginning in the late Triassic period) during the breakup of Pangaea, drifting further north after the split and finally broke apart with the opening of the North Atlantic Ocean c. 56 Mya. The name is a portmanteau of Laurentia and Eurasia.

Laurentia, Avalonia, Baltica, and a series of smaller terranes, collided in the Caledonian orogeny c. 400 Mya to form Laurussia. Laurussia then collided with Gondwana to form Pangaea.  Kazakhstania and Siberia were then added to Pangaea 290–300 Mya to form Laurasia.  Laurasia finally became an independent continental mass when Pangaea broke up into Gondwana and Laurasia.
Bernard Woolley
Bernard Woolley, MA (Oxon) is one of the three main fictional characters of the 1980s British sitcom Yes Minister and its sequel, Yes, Prime Minister. He is a civil servant, working as Minister (later Prime Minister) Jim Hacker's Principal Private Secretary.

While his role is to support Hacker, Woolley’s innate honesty and belief in public duty frequently place him in awkward positions, as he struggles with the pressure to sometimes obfuscate or even manipulate information at the behest of both Hacker and Sir Humphrey Appleby, his boss. This makes Woolley the moral compass of the series, subtly highlighting the ethical challenges within government. His humour, typically delivered with dry wit and subtle irony, often serves to lighten tense moments and highlights the absurdities within the government’s bureaucracy.

He was originally portrayed by Derek Fowlds in the two series. In 2013, Chris Larkin took on the role for a brief revival.

Humphrey Appleby
Sir Humphrey Appleby GCB KBE MVO  is a fictional character from the British television series Yes Minister and Yes, Prime Minister. He was played originally by Sir Nigel Hawthorne, and both on stage and in a television adaptation of the stage show by Henry Goodman in a new series of Yes, Prime Minister. In Yes Minister, he is the Permanent Secretary for the Department of Administrative Affairs (a fictional department of the British government). In the last episode of Yes Minister, "Party Games", he becomes Cabinet Secretary, the most powerful position in the service and one he retains during Yes, Prime Minister. Hawthorne's portrayal won the British Academy Television Awards Award for Best Light Entertainment Performance four times: 1981, 1982, 1986, and 1987.
Valley Railroad 40
Valley Railroad 40 is a preserved 101 class 2-8-2 "Mikado" type steam locomotive, built in August 1920 by American Locomotive Company's (ALCO) Brooks Works for the Minarets and Western Railway (M&W). It was initially built as No. 101 for the Portland, Astoria and Pacific Railroad as part of their small order of locomotives. However, the order was cancelled, and the locomotive was subsequently sold to the Minarets and Western Railway (M&W) to haul logging trains. No. 101 subsequently went through several ownerships during revenue service, until it was retired in 1950, and by that time, it was renumbered to No. 40. After spending several years in storage, No. 40 made its way to the Valley Railroad (VALE) in Essex in 1977. As of 2026, No. 40 is being used to haul tourist trains between Essex and Deep River, Connecticut, alongside 2-8-0 No. 97 and 2-8-2 No. 3025.

Valley Railroad 3025
Valley Railroad 3025 is a China Railways SY class 2-8-2 "Mikado" type steam locomotive. It was built in July 1989 by the Tangshan Locomotive and Rolling Stock Works as SY-1658M, it was exported to the Knox and Kane Railroad (KKRR) in the United States. In 1990, No. 1658 began hauling tourist trains for the KKRR between Marienville, Kane, and Mount Jewett, Pennsylvania, and it often operated over the railroad's primary attraction, the Kinzua Bridge. By 2004, the locomotive was put into storage, following a decline in ridership on the KKRR.

In March 2008, No. 1658 sustained heavy damage when the shed it was stored in was burned by arsonists. In October, it was sold at an auction to the Valley Railroad (VALE), who shipped it to their Essex, Connecticut location and rebuilt it to cosmetically resemble a New Haven locomotive. Renumbered as No. 3025, the locomotive returned to service, in 2011, and it began hauling tourist trains for the VALE.
Lawlers Gold Mine
The Lawlers Gold Mine is a gold mine located 23 km south west of Leinster, Western Australia, owned by Gold Fields. Gold Fields purchased the mine in late 2013 and combined it with its nearby Agnew Gold Mine. The process plant of the mine was subsequently sold and dismantled while no mining was carried out at Lawlers.

It was formerly operated by Barrick Gold and part of its Yilgarn South operation, which consisted of Lawlers, the Darlot-Centenary Gold Mine and the Granny Smith Gold Mine. The mine is located in the Norseman-Wiluna greenstone belt.

Granny Smith Gold Mine
The Granny Smith Gold Mine is a gold mine 21 km (13 mi) south of Laverton, Western Australia near Mount Weld and operated by Gold Fields.

As of 2022, it is one of four mines the company operates in Australia, the others being the Agnew, Gruyera and St Ives.
Google Pay Send
Google Pay Send, previously known as Google Wallet, was a peer-to-peer payments service developed by Google before its merger into Google Pay. It allowed people to send and receive money from a mobile device or desktop computer.

In 2018, Android Pay and Google Wallet were unified into a single pay system called Google Pay. The old Wallet app was rebranded Google Pay Send, before it was discontinued as well in 2020.

Google Wallet
Google Wallet (or simply Wallet) is a digital wallet platform developed by Google. It is available for the Android, Wear OS, and Fitbit OS operating systems, and was announced on May 11, 2022, at the 2022 Google I/O keynote. It began rolling out on Android smartphones on July 18, 2022.
Tercera Federación
Tercera Federación, previously known as Tercera RFEF, is the fifth tier of the Spanish football league system. It is below the La Liga, Segunda División, and its fellow semi-professional divisions Primera Federación and Segunda Federación. It was founded in 1929 as the third tier, and dropped down to the fourth and fifth tiers in 1977 and 2021, respectively.

Primera Federación
The Primera Federación, officially the Primera Federación Versus e-Learning for sponsorship reasons (formerly known as Primera RFEF), is the third tier of the Spanish football league system beginning with the 2021–22 season. It is administered by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. It is below the top two professional leagues, the Primera División (also known as La Liga) and Segunda División (also known as La Liga Hypermotion), above the Segunda Federación and Tercera Federación. It is the highest level of semi-professional football in Spain.
Betterman (TV series)
Betterman (Japanese: ベターマン, Hepburn: Betāman) is a Japanese anime television series produced by Sunrise's internal "Studio 7" and JVC. It is a spinoff of Brave series' GaoGaiGar, produced under the direction of Yoshitomo Yonetani and writer Hiroshi Yamaguchi. It aired on TV Tokyo from April 1, 1999 to September 30, 1999, and was the first anime to broadcast in widescreen, though it was letterboxed.

The King of Braves GaoGaiGar
The King of Braves GaoGaiGar (勇者王ガオガイガー, Yūsha Ō Gaogaigā) is a Japanese anime television series produced by Sunrise's internal "Studio 7" division alongside Tokyu Agency. It is the eighth installment in the Brave series franchise. Yoshitomo Yonetani is its director, with Yoshitake Suzuki handling series scripts, Takahiro Kimura as character designer, Kunio Okawara designing mechanical elements, Tomoaki Okada as art director, and Kohei Tanaka as music producer. The series aired on Nagoya TV and TV Asahi affiliate stations from February 1, 1997, to January 31, 1998.

The series follows the exploits of two protagonists: One is a cyborg named Guy Shishioh, who pilots the titular Gaogaigar, and the other is a mysterious boy Mamoru. Together, they must defend the world against the malevolent Zonders all while Mamoru’s connection with them begins to unfold.
Prosigns for Morse code
Procedural signs or prosigns are shorthand signals used in Morse code telegraphy, for the purpose of simplifying and standardizing procedural protocols for landline and radio communication. The procedural signs are distinct from conventional Morse code abbreviations, which consist mainly of brevity codes that convey messages to other parties with greater speed and accuracy. However, some codes are used both as prosigns and as single letters or punctuation marks, and for those, the distinction between a prosign and abbreviation is ambiguous, even in context.

Morse code abbreviations
Morse code abbreviations are used to speed up Morse communications by foreshortening textual words and phrases. Morse abbreviations are short forms, representing normal textual words and phrases formed from some (fewer) characters taken from the word or phrase being abbreviated. Many are typical English abbreviations, or short acronyms for often-used phrases.
East Syracuse, New York
East Syracuse is an incorporated village and a suburb of the City of Syracuse in eastern Onondaga County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,078. It is located immediately east of Syracuse, in the town of DeWitt.

DeWitt, New York
DeWitt is a town in Onondaga County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,074. The town is named after major Moses DeWitt, a judge and soldier. An eastern suburb of Syracuse, DeWitt also is the site of most of the campus and all of the academic buildings of Le Moyne College.
USNS Invincible
USNS Invincible (T-AGM-24), also known as ex-AGOS 10, is one of two tracking ships operated by the Military Sealift Command. One of the radars it carries is the Cobra Gemini dual band, X band and S band, radar.

Like other members of the Stalwart class of ocean surveillance ships, the original mission of the Invincible was to patrol the oceans looking for submarines with her Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System (SURTASS), a large passive sonar array. The ship was reclassified from AGOS-10 to AGM-24 on April 4, 2000 after she was refitted as a missile range instrumentation ship. Invincible provides a platform for the Cobra Gemini dual-band radar developed by the United States Air Force to support data collection requirements on theater ballistic missiles. The Military Sealift Command retains custody for United States Air Force use for deploying a mobile surveillance and tracking radar system.

Tracking ship
A tracking ship, also called a missile range instrumentation ship or range ship, is a ship equipped with antennas and electronics to support the launching and tracking of missiles and rockets. Since many missile ranges launch over ocean areas for safety reasons, range ships are used to extend the range of shore-based tracking facilities.

In the United States, the initial tracking ships were constructed by the U.S. Army and then the U.S. Air Force to support their missile programs. They were generally built on a surplus Liberty ship or Victory ship hull. By 1964, the U.S. Navy took over all the range ships and introduced more.

In some Navies, such a ship is also given the Type Designation "Vigilship" or "Veladora", with the Designation Letter "V" or Letters "VC".
Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
The Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign was a series of engagements fought from August 1942 to February 1944, in the Pacific theatre of World War II between the United States and Japan. They were the first battles of a large-scale offensive across the Central Pacific by the United States Pacific Fleet and Marine Corps. The goal of the campaign was to establish airfields and naval bases that would allow American air and naval assets to support future operations across the Central Pacific. Operation Galvanic and Operation Kourbash were the codenames for the Gilberts campaign (in modern Kiribati), and included the seizures of Tarawa and Makin, which took place during the Battle of Tarawa on 20–23 November 1943 and the Battle of Makin on 20–24 November 1943. Operation Flintlock and Operation Catchpole had the goal of capturing Japanese bases at Kwajalein, Eniwetok, and Majuro in the Marshall Islands.

Battle of Tarawa
1°25′37″N 172°58′32″E﻿ / ﻿1.42694°N 172.97556°E﻿ / 1.42694; 172.97556

The Battle of Tarawa was fought on 20–23 November 1943 between the United States and Japan on Tarawa Atoll in the Gilbert Islands, and was part of Operation Galvanic, the U.S. invasion of the Gilberts. Nearly 6,400 Japanese, Koreans, and Americans died during the battle, mostly on and around the small island of Betio, in the extreme southwest of Tarawa Atoll. At the time, Betio was only 118 hectares (290 acres).

The Battle of Tarawa was the first American offensive in the critical Central Pacific region. It was also the first time in the Pacific War that the United States faced serious Japanese opposition to an amphibious landing. Previous landings had met little to no initial resistance, but on Tarawa the 4,500 Japanese defenders were well supplied and well prepared, and they fought almost to the last man, exacting a heavy toll on the United States Marine Corps.
Southern Albania
Southern Albania (Albanian: Shqipëria jugore) is one of the three NUTS-2 Regions of Albania.

It consists of five counties: Berat, Fier, Gjirokastër, Korçë and Vlorë. Combined, they have a population of 700,000 as of the 2023 census.

The southwestern part of the country is rich in petroleum, and natural gas. Natural asphalt is mined near Selenicë.

Four main ethnographic regions traditionally compose Southern Albania: Myzeqeja, Toskeria, Laberia, and part of Chameria. In a broader context, Toskeria (Albanian: Toskëria) is sometimes used to describe the whole cultural and linguistic area of southern Albanians (also broadly referred to as Tosks), in duality with Ghegeria, which on the other hand is used for that of northern Albanians (also broadly referred to as Ghegs).

Northern Albania
Northern Albania (Albanian: Shqipëria Veriore) is one of the three NUTS-2 regions of Albania, along with Central Albania and Southern Albania (Toskeria). It consists of the counties of Dibër, Durrës, Kukës, Lezhë and Shkodër.

Historically and in ethnography, Northern Albania has been called Ghegeria (also spelled Gegeria; Albanian: Gegëria, Gheg Albanian: Gegnia), a name derived from a subgroup of Albanians known as the Ghegs.
DOH-5-hemiFLY
DOH-5-hemiFLY, or DMA-hemiFly-5, also known as semi-fly (SF), is a serotonin receptor modulator and putative psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, DOx, and benzofuran families related to 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (2,5-DMA; DOH). It is a cyclized derivative of 2,5-DMA related to the FLY psychedelics. The drug shows affinity for the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (Ki = 146 nM) and fully substitutes for LSD in rodent drug discrimination tests, albeit with relatively low potency. The chemical synthesis of DOH-5-hemiFLY has been described. DOH-5-hemiFLY was first described in the scientific literature by David E. Nichols and colleagues in 1991.

FLY (psychedelics)
FLY is a family of phenethylamine and benzofuran psychedelics possessing a benzodifuran or similar ring system. The FLY drugs were so-named because of the resemblance of their chemical structures to flying insects like dragonflies and butterflies. They are analogues of 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamines in which the 2- and 5-position methoxy groups have been cyclized into furan and/or tetrahydrofuran rings. They may be 2C, DOx, 25-NB, or other FLY versions of psychedelic phenethylamines.

Examples of different types of FLY drugs, in the case of the base psychedelic 2C-B, include 2C-B-FLY, 2C-B-DRAGONFLY, and 2C-B-BUTTERFLY, among others. BromoDragonFLY (DOB-DragonFLY) is known for its very high potency and its toxicity in overdose. 2C-B-FLY was Ann Shulgin's favorite psychedelic.

Several of the FLY drugs have been shown to act as potent serotonin 5-HT2 receptor agonists.