hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Deering
William Deering (April 25, 1826 – December 9, 1913) was an American businessman and philanthropist.
He inherited a woolen mill in Maine, but made his fortune in later life with the Deering Harvester Company.

Charles Deering
Charles Deering (July 31, 1852 – February 5, 1927) was an American businessman, art collector, and philanthropist.  He was an executive of the agricultural machinery company founded by his father that became International Harvester.  Charles's successful stewardship of the family firm left him with the means and leisure to indulge his interests in the arts and natural sciences.  His activities and benefactions in the US were centered on Chicago and Miami; he also aspired to found an art museum in Spain.
Alfred Bryan Bonds
Alfred Bryan Bonds (November 3, 1913 – September 7, 1989) was an American public servant, educator, and college administrator. He served as the fifth president of Baldwin-Wallace College (now Baldwin Wallace University) in Berea, Ohio, from 1955 to 1981. He succeeded Rev. John Lowden Knight. A building bears his name on the BW campus and serves as the universities' administration building.

Baldwin Wallace University
Baldwin Wallace University (BW) is a private university in Berea, Ohio, United States. Established in 1845 as Baldwin Institute by Methodist businessman and former founder of a utopian community at Berea, Ohio John Baldwin, it merged with nearby German Wallace College in 1913 to become Baldwin-Wallace College. There are two campus sites: Berea, which serves as the main campus, and Corporate College East in Warrensville Heights, Ohio. The university enrolls approximately 3,300 full-time undergraduate and graduate students as of fall 2024. Baldwin Wallace's athletic teams compete as members of NCAA Division III athletics in the Ohio Athletic Conference.
Wolfram's 2-state 3-symbol Turing machine
In his book A New Kind of Science, Stephen Wolfram described a universal 2-state 5-symbol Turing machine, and conjectured that a particular 2-state 3-symbol Turing machine (hereinafter (2,3) Turing machine) might be universal as well.

On May 14, 2007, Wolfram announced a $25,000 prize to be won by the first person to prove or disprove the universality of the (2,3) Turing machine. On 24 October 2007, it was announced that the prize had been won by Alex Smith, a student in electronics and computing at the University of Birmingham, for his proof that it was "universal". Since the proof applies to a non-standard Turing machine model which allows infinite, non-periodic initial configurations and never halts it is categorized by some as "weak-universal".

A New Kind of Science
A New Kind of Science is a book by Stephen Wolfram, published by his company Wolfram Research under the imprint Wolfram Media in 2002. It contains an empirical and systematic study of computational systems such as cellular automata. Wolfram calls these systems simple programs and argues that the scientific philosophy and methods appropriate for the study of simple programs are relevant to other fields of science.
Aldwych bus bombing
The Aldwych bus bombing occurred on 18 February 1996 in Aldwych, central London, England. Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) volunteer Edward O'Brien was carrying a bomb on a bus when it detonated prematurely, killing him and injuring eight other people.

Aldwych
Aldwych (pronounced /ˈɔːldwɪtʃ/ AWLD-witch) is a street and the name of the area immediately surrounding it, in the City of Westminster, part of Greater London, and is part of the West End Theatreland. The 450 metres (1,480 ft) street starts 600 metres (2,000 ft) east-northeast of Charing Cross, the conventional map centre-point of the capital city.

In the 7th century, the area was an Anglo-Saxon settlement. The name means "old port", and was the port of the City of London.
Gabriel Naudé
Gabriel Naudé (2 February 1600 – 10 July 1653) was a French librarian and scholar. He was a prolific writer who produced works on many subjects including politics, religion, history and the supernatural. In 1627, he published an influential book in the field of library science called Advice on Establishing a Library. Naudé was later able to put into practice all the ideas he had put forth in Advice when he was given the opportunity to build and maintain the Bibliothèque Mazarine, the library of Cardinal Mazarin at Paris.

Naudé was a precursor of Pierre Bayle and Fontenelle.

Bibliothèque Mazarine
The Bibliothèque Mazarine, or Mazarin Library, is located within the Palais de l'institut de France, or the Palace of the Institute of France (previously the Collège des Quatre-Nations of the University of Paris), at 23 quai de Conti in the 6th arrondissement, on the Left Bank of the Seine facing the Pont des Arts and the Louvre.  Originally created by Cardinal Mazarin as his personal library in the 17th century, it today has one of the richest collections of rare books and manuscripts in France, and is the oldest public library in the country.
Janine Charrat
Janine Charrat (24 July 1924 – 29 August 2017) was a French dancer and choreographer. She was considered to be a child prodigy and appeared in Ballerina at the age of 12. She went on to choreograph over 50 ballets. Her 1949 choreography for composer Werner Egk's ballet Abraxas became a standard work in the German dance repertory.

In 1961, she had a serious accident. During a television show, a candle set fire to her tutu and the ensuing burns covered 70% of her body. After receiving life-saving treatment at the Cochin hospital, she stayed at the Thermes de Saint Gervais Mont-Blanc  baths. She managed to recover and returned to dancing in 1964.

She was an officer of the Legion of Honour.

Ballerina (1937 film)
Ballerina is a 1937 French ballet film directed by Jean Benoît-Lévy and Marie Epstein, starring Yvette Chauviré, Mia Slavenska and Janine Charrat. The original title is La Mort du cygne, the French title for Michel Fokine’s short ballet piece The Dying Swan. It tells the story of a 12-year-old girl who fears that her favourite performer at the Paris Opera Ballet will be replaced by a Russian ballerina, and sets out to engineer an accident for the rival.

The film is based on the 1933 short story "La Mort du cygne" by Paul Morand. The choreography was done by Serge Lifar. The film was remade in the United States as The Unfinished Dance, released in 1947.
Fayeeza Kathree-Setiloane
Fayeeza Kathree-Setiloane (born 19 August 1965) is a South African judge of the Supreme Court of Appeal. She joined the appellate court in December 2023 after 13 years in the Gauteng High Court. Before her appointment to the bench in October 2010, she practiced as an advocate of the High Court in Johannesburg; she was involved in constitutional litigation, including through the Legal Resources Centre, and also served a stint in corporate advisory at Werksmans.

The Judicial Service Commission has twice nominated Kathree-Setiloane for appointment to the Constitutional Court of South Africa, where she was an acting justice in 2017 and where she clerked for Justice Yvonne Mokgoro in 1995.

Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa
The Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa is a superior court of law which has general jurisdiction over the South African province of Gauteng and the eastern part of North West province. The main seat of the division is at Pretoria, while a local seat at Johannesburg has concurrent jurisdiction over the southern parts of Gauteng.

Audrey Ledwaba has been the Acting Judge President of the division since appointment of Dunstan Mlambo as Deputy Chief Justice of South Africa.
Essar Group
Essar Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate company, founded by Shashi Ruia and Ravi Ruia in 1969. The company, known as Essar Global Fund Limited (EGFL), owns a variety of assets in the core sectors of energy (oil refining, oil and gas exploration and production, power), infrastructure & logistics (ports, projects), metals & mining, technology, and retail (oilfield services, information technology, and food retail). EGFL holds a nearly 100% stake in all its investments.

Significant Essar Group companies include Essar Oil UK, Essar Ports, Essar Oil & Gas Exploration & Production, Essar Shipping, Essar Power, and Essar Projects.

Shashi and Ravi Ruia
Shashi Ruia (23 December 1943 – 25 November 2024) and his younger brother Ravi Ruia (born April 1949), known together as the Ruia brothers, are Indian billionaires, and were the owners of Essar Group, founded in 1969.

In 2012, Forbes named the Ruia brothers as the world's richest Indians with a net worth of US$7 billion.

Shashi Ruia died on 25 November 2024 at the age of 80.
Voepass Flight 2283
Voepass Flight 2283 was a scheduled domestic Brazilian passenger flight from Cascavel to Guarulhos. On 9 August 2024, the ATR 72-500 serving the flight crashed in Vinhedo, São Paulo State. The aircraft was flying at an altitude of 17,000 ft (5,200 m) prior to stalling and entering a flat spin with a rapid descent at around 13:21 BRT.

All 62 people on board died. The crash was the deadliest aviation accident in Brazil since TAM Airlines Flight 3054 in July 2007. The Brazilian Aeronautical Accidents Investigation and Prevention Center (CENIPA) launched an investigation following the crash. Aviation experts speculated that ice buildup could have been a factor. Both flight recorders were recovered and analyzed by CENIPA, who issued a preliminary report confirming the pilots faced difficulties with icing buildup and de-icing attempts.

ATR 72
The ATR 72 is a twin-engine turboprop, short-haul regional airliner developed and produced in France and Italy by aircraft manufacturer ATR.
The number "72" in its name is derived from the aircraft's typical standard seating capacity of 72 passengers.
The ATR 72 has also been used as a corporate transport, cargo aircraft, and maritime patrol aircraft.

To date, all of the ATR series have been completed at the company's final assembly line in Toulouse, France; ATR benefits from sharing resources and technology with Airbus SE, which has continued to hold a 50% interest in the company. Successive models of the ATR 72 have been developed. Typical updates have included new avionics, such as a glass cockpit, and the adoption of newer engine versions to deliver enhanced performance, such as increased efficiency and reliability and reductions in operating costs. The aircraft shares a high degree of commonality with the smaller ATR 42, which remains in production as of 2025.
Elke Sommer
Elke Sommer (German: [ˈɛl.kə ˈzɔ.mɐ] ⓘ; née Schletz, born 5 November 1940) is a German actress. She appeared in numerous films throughout the 1960s and 1970s, including roles in The Pink Panther sequel A Shot in the Dark (1964), the Bob Hope comedy Boy, Did I Get a Wrong Number! (1966), Agatha Christie's And Then There Were None (1974), and the British Carry On series in Carry On Behind (1975).

And Then There Were None (1974 film)
And Then There Were None (U.S. title: Ten Little Indians; also known as E Poi Non Rimase Nessuno, Ein Unbekannter rechnet ab,  Diez negritos, Dix petits nègres) is a 1974 mystery film and an adaptation of Agatha Christie's best-selling 1939 mystery novel of the same name. The film was directed by Peter Collinson and produced by Harry Alan Towers. This was the fourth of five versions of Christie's novel to be adapted to the screen by producer Harry Alan Towers. Two film adaptations were previously released (a 1945 version by René Clair and the 1965 adaptation Ten Little Indians). An American made-for-television version was broadcast in 1959. Towers produced a third version in 1989.
Misaki-kōen Station (Osaka)
Misaki-kōen Station (みさき公園駅, Misaki-kōen-eki) is a junction passenger railway station located in the town of Misaki, Osaka Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Nankai Electric Railway. The station is the nearest station to Misaki Park, which is run by Nankai Group. It has the station number "NK41".

Misaki Park
Misaki Park (みさき公園) was an amusement park located in the town of Misaki in Osaka Prefecture, Japan, operated by Nankai Electric Railway Co., Ltd. The park was opened on April 1, 1957, as the 70th anniversary of Nankai Railway.
Naval Air Station Fallon
Naval Air Station Fallon or NAS Fallon (IATA: NFL, ICAO: KNFL, FAA LID: NFL) is the United States Navy's premier air-to-air and air-to-ground training facility. It is located southeast of the city of Fallon, east of Reno in western Nevada. Since 1996, it has been home to the U.S. Navy-Fighter Weapons School (TOPGUN) taking over from the former NAS Miramar, California, and the surrounding area contains 240,000 acres (97,000 ha) of bombing and electronic warfare ranges. It is also home to the Naval Aviation Warfighting Development Center (NAWDC), which includes TOPGUN, the Carrier Airborne Early Warning Weapons School (CAEWWS), and the Navy Rotary Wing Weapons School. Navy SEAL and Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR) training also take place there.

The airfield is named Van Voorhis Field in honor of Commander Bruce Van Voorhis (1908–1943), who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor.

Naval Aviation Warfighting Development Center
The Naval Aviation Warfighting Development Center (NAWDC), formerly known as Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center (NSAWC) is the center of excellence for naval aviation training and tactics development, located at Naval Air Station Fallon in Fallon, Nevada. NAWDC provides service to aircrews, squadrons and air wings of the United States Navy through flight training, academic instructional classes, direct operational and intelligence support.

The name was changed from NSAWC to NAWDC in June 2015 to align with the naming convention of the Navy's other Warfighting Development Centers, including Naval Surface and Mine Warfighting Development Center (SMWDC), Naval Information Warfighting Development Center (NIWDC), and the Undersea Warfighting Development Center (UWDC).
United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery
United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery, in Washington, D.C., is located next to the U.S. Soldiers' and Airmen's Home. It is one of only two national cemeteries administered by the Department of the Army, the other being Arlington National Cemetery. The national cemetery is adjacent to the historic Rock Creek Cemetery and to the Soldiers' Home.

President Lincoln's Cottage at the Soldiers' Home
President Lincoln's Cottage is a historic home used by Abraham Lincoln on the grounds of the Soldiers' Home, known today as the Armed Forces Retirement Home, near the Petworth neighborhood in Washington, D.C. In 2000 it was designated a national monument called President Lincoln and Soldiers' Home National Monument.

President Abraham Lincoln and his family resided seasonally on the grounds of the Soldiers' Home to escape the heat and political pressure of downtown Washington, as did President James Buchanan (1857–1861) before him. President Lincoln's Cottage also served as the Summer White House for Presidents Rutherford B. Hayes (1877–1881) and Chester A. Arthur (1881–1885).
SOM (missile)
The SOM (Turkish: Satha Atılan Orta Menzilli Mühimmat) is a next-generation autonomous, stealth, high precision air-launched cruise missile developed by TÜBİTAK SAGE, Defence Research and Development Institute of Turkey. It was first revealed during the 100th anniversary celebrations of the Turkish Air Force at the Çiğli Air Base in İzmir, on 4 June 2011. Developed since 2006, the SOM is Turkey's first domestic guided missile for striking both stationary and moving targets at a stand-off distance of over 180 kilometers. Although being developed by TÜBİTAK SAGE which still holds authority over the design of the missile, ROKETSAN has been given the role of manufacturing and marketing the missile for export.

Air-launched cruise missile
An air-launched cruise missile (ALCM) is a cruise missile that is launched from a military aircraft. Current versions are typically standoff weapons which are used to attack predetermined land and naval targets with conventional, nuclear or thermonuclear payloads.
May 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
May 22 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - May 24

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on June 5 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For May 23rd, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on May 10.

May 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
May 9 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - May 11

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on May 23 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For May 10, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on April 27.
Chitose, Ōita
Chitose (千歳村, Chitose-mura) was a village located in Ōno District, Ōita Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 2,468 and the density of 115.17 persons per km2. The total area was 21.43 km2.

On March 31, 2005, Chitose, along with the towns of Asaji, Inukai, Mie, Ogata and Ōno, and the village of Kiyokawa (all from Ōno District), was merged to create the city of Bungo-Ōno.

Ōno District, Ōita
Ōno (大野郡, Ōno-gun) was a district located in Ōita Prefecture, Japan.

As of January 1, 2005, the district had 6 towns and 2 villages:

Asaji

Chitose

Inukai

Kiyokawa

Mie

Notsu

Ogata

Ōno

On January 1, 2005, the town of Notsu was merged into the expanded city of Usuki.

On March 31, 2005, the towns of Asaji, Inukai, Mie, Ogata and Ōno, and the villages of Chitose and Kiyokawa were merged to create the city of Bungo-ōno. Therefore, Ōno District was dissolved as a result of this merger.
Philipp Bouhler
Philipp Bouhler (11 September 1899 – 19 May 1945) was a German senior Nazi Party functionary who was both a Reichsleiter (National Leader) and Chief of the Chancellery of the Führer of the NSDAP. He was also the SS official responsible for the Aktion T4 euthanasia program that killed more than 250,000 disabled adults and children in Nazi Germany, as well as co-initiator of Aktion 14f13, also called Sonderbehandlung ('special treatment'), that killed 15,000–20,000 concentration camp prisoners.

Bouhler was arrested on 10 May 1945 by American troops. He took his own life nine days later in the U.S. internment camp at Zell am See in Austria.

Reichsleiter
Reichsleiter (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪ̯çsˌlaɪ̯tɐ] ⓘ, transl. national leader or Reich leader) was the second-highest political rank in the Nazi Party (NSDAP), subordinate only to the office of Führer. Reichsleiter also functioned as a paramilitary rank within the NSDAP and was the highest rank attainable in any Nazi organisation.

Each Reichsleiter reported directly to the Führer, Adolf Hitler. Men of the rank Reichsleiter collectively formed part of the Reichsleitung (Reich leadership) of the NSDAP, which was originally located in the "Brown House" in Munich. Each Reichsleiter was in charge of a broad area of responsibility in the party. Hitler originally established the rank of Reichsleiter on 2 June 1933 and appointed 16 individuals to that rank. Subsequently, a further 6 individuals were appointed to the rank between 1933 and 1938: von Epp, Frick, Bormann, Lutze, Hierl and Huhnlein.
AJet
AJet (branded as AnadoluJet until 31 March 2024) is a Turkish low-cost airline operating domestic flights as well as international flights to Northern Cyprus, Europe and Western Asia from its base at Sabiha Gökçen International Airport. It was a subsidiary of Turkish Airlines which previously operated it as a trademark before becoming an independent airline.

Sabiha Gökçen International Airport
Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport (IATA: SAW, ICAO: LTFJ) is the secondary international airport serving Istanbul, Turkey. Located 32 km (20 mi) southeast of the city centre, Sabiha Gökçen Airport is in the Asian part of the transcontinental city and serves as the operating base for AJet and Pegasus Airlines.

The airport is named after Sabiha Gökçen, adoptive daughter of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the first female fighter pilot in the world. Although Istanbul Airport, located 63 km (39 mi) west of the European side of Istanbul, is larger, Sabiha Gökçen is still one of the largest airports in the country and one of the busiest airports in the Middle East.
Chris Cheney
Christopher John Cheney (born 2 January 1975) is an Australian rock musician, record producer, and studio owner. He is the founding mainstay guitarist, songwriter, and lead vocalist of the rockabilly band The Living End, which was formed in 1994 with schoolmate Scott Owen. Cheney wrote the group's top 20 hits on the ARIA Singles Chart: "Second Solution" / "Prisoner of Society" (1997), "All Torn Down" (1999), "Pictures in the Mirror" (2000), "Roll On" (2001), "One Said to the Other" (2003), "What's on Your Radio" (2005), "Wake Up" (2006), and "White Noise" (2008). In 2004, Cheney joined the supergroup The Wrights which put out a cover version of Stevie Wright's epic 11-minute track, "Evie" as a single. At the 2009 APRA Music Awards, Cheney won Song of the Year for writing The Living End's track, "White Noise".

White Noise (The Living End song)
"White Noise" is a song by Australian punk rock band The Living End. It was released on 5 July 2008, as the lead single from the band's album White Noise.

During the week of the song's release, it was the most played track on Australian radio stations and went on to top the Australian Airplay chart. The song has since been accredited platinum status in Australia. It also won the 2009 Song of the Year at the APRA Awards.

A music video for "White Noise" was produced, featuring The Living End playing on a car park rooftop in Brisbane. The single was also released on iTunes and Nokia Music, including bonus B-Sides.
Black Reel Awards
The Black Reel Awards, or BRAs, is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Foundation for the Augmentation of African Americans in Film (FAAAF) to recognize excellence of African Americans, as well as the cinematic achievements of the African diaspora, in the global film industry, as assessed by the foundation’s voting membership. The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette, officially called the Black Reel Award. The awards, first presented in 2000 in Washington, DC, are overseen by FAAAF.

The awards ceremony was initially awarded online during its first two years before the first live show presentation in 2002. The awards have broadcast to radio since 2014. The Black Reel Awards is the oldest cinema-exclusive awards ceremony for African Americans.

Black Reel Award for Outstanding Film
The Black Reel Award for Outstanding Film is one of the Black Reel Awards presented annually. This award goes to the producers of the film. Outstanding Film is the final award of the night at each ceremony. There have been 120 films nominated for Outstanding Film and 24 winners.
Boima Kamara
Boima Kamara is a Liberian politician. He was appointed as minister of finance in January 2024 by President Joseph Boakai. He resigned in July 2024.-

Kamara previously served as minister of finance from April 2016 to 2018. He was appointed by Ellen Johnson Sirleaf.

Kamara was born in Bomi County, Western Liberia. He is an economist and graduated from University of Liberia. Before 2016, he served as the deputy governor of the Central Bank of Liberia.

Ministry of Finance (Liberia)
The Ministry of Finance is a government ministry of the Republic of Liberia. As of 2024, the Liberian Finance Minister is Augustine Kpehe Ngafuan, who was confirmed in September 2024. The minister is appointed by the President of Liberia, with the consent of Senate of Liberia.

The ministry's offices are located in Broad & Mechlin Street in Monrovia.

The ministry was led by a secretary of the treasury before 1972, and since 1972 by the minister of finance.