hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1997 Welsh devolution referendum
The 1997 Welsh devolution referendum was a pre-legislative referendum held in Wales on 18 September 1997 over whether there was support for the creation of a National Assembly for Wales, and therefore a degree of self-government. The referendum was a Labour manifesto commitment and was held in their first term after the 1997 election under the provisions of the Referendums (Scotland and Wales) Act 1997. This was the second referendum held in Wales over the question of devolution: the first referendum was held in 1979 and was defeated by a large majority.

The referendum resulted in a narrow majority in favour, which led to the passing of the Government of Wales Act 1998 and the formation of the National Assembly for Wales in 1999.

1979 Welsh devolution referendum
The 1979 Welsh devolution referendum was a post-legislative referendum held on 1 March 1979 (Saint David's Day) to decide whether there was sufficient support for a Welsh Assembly among the Welsh electorate. The referendum was held under the terms of the Wales Act 1978 drawn up to implement proposals made by the Kilbrandon Report published in 1973.

The plans were defeated by a majority of 4:1 (20.3% for and 79.7% against) with only 12% of the Welsh electorate voting in favour of establishing an assembly. A second referendum to create a devolved assembly for Wales was held in 1997, which led to the enactment of the Government of Wales Act 1998 and the creation of the National Assembly for Wales in 1999.
WYEP-FM
WYEP (91.3 MHz) is a listener-supported, non-commercial radio station that is located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It carries an Adult Album Alternative (AAA) radio format and is run by the Pittsburgh Community Broadcasting Corporation, along with 90.5 WESA. The studios and offices are located on Bedford Square at South 12th Street.  WYEP-FM holds periodic fundraisers to support the station.

WYEP-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 18,000 watts. The transmitter is on Longview Street in Pittsburgh.

WESA (FM)
WESA (90.5 FM) is a non-commercial radio station licensed to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. A member station of National Public Radio (NPR), WESA features a talk and information-based public radio format. The studios and offices for WESA and sister station WYEP-FM (91.3) are on Bedford Square at South 12th Street.

WESA's transmitter is located on Shiloh Street at Grandview Avenue in Pittsburgh. WESA broadcasts in HD Radio; its HD2 subchannel plays jazz and the HD3 subchannel carries the BBC World Service. Programming is also heard on four FM translators in Western Pennsylvania; by way of three of those translators, the station is also the NPR member for the Johnstown area.
Aleta Ogord
Aleta Ogord, briefly also known as Starhawk, is a fictional character, a superheroine appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is depicted in a future of the Marvel Universe and is the adoptive sister of Starhawk.

Michelle Yeoh played Aleta in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017).

Starhawk (character)
Starhawk (Stakar Ogord) is an antihero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He was created by writer Steve Gerber and artist Sal Buscema.

Stakar was fated to eventually re-inhabit his infant body, reliving his life over countless times. Because of the knowledge of things to come, he manipulated events to affect what he felt would be the best outcome, referring to himself as "One Who Knows". He made many enemies in doing so, but his tampering and guidance also led to the formation of the Guardians of the Galaxy in the 31st century.

Sylvester Stallone played Stakar in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017) and Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 (2023).
Waverly Township, Pennsylvania
Waverly Township is a township in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is bordered by Dalton and Glenburn townships to the west, North Abington Township to the north, the boroughs of Clarks Summit and Clarks Green to the south, and South Abington Township to the south and southeast. Waverly Township is part of a suburban area known as "the Abingtons". The population was 1,861 at the 2020 census.

Prior to 2011, the township was named Abington Township, and was originally referred to as "Ebbington" in Connecticut's claim in 1806.

North Abington Township, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania
North Abington Township is a township in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located approximately 10 miles (16 km) north of Scranton, Pennsylvania, and is located in the suburban area known as “the Abingtons". North Abington is also approximately 6 miles (10 km) north of Clarks Summit and borders Waverly Township and Dalton Borough to the south, as well as Benton Township to the north. The population was 709 at the 2020 census.
Centralen station
Centralen is a railway station under construction in Gothenburg, Sweden, expected to open in 2026 as part of the West Link tunnel. It is adjacent to Gothenburg Central Station and Nils Ericson Terminal bus station.

Gothenburg Central Station
Gothenburg Central Station (Swedish: Göteborgs centralstation, Göteborg C) is the main railway station of Gothenburg and it is the oldest railway station in Sweden still in use. The station serves 27 million passengers per year, making it the second largest railway station in Sweden after Stockholm Central Station which it predates by 13 years. The station opened on October 4, 1858. The station is situated in central Gothenburg, at Drottningtorget, and is connected to the Nils Ericson bus terminal. Gothenburg Central Station's buildings are owned and managed by Jernhusen.
Gigaset Communications
Gigaset Communications GmbH (formerly known as Siemens Home and Office Communication Devices GmbH & Co. KG) is a multinational corporation based in Munich, Germany.

Founded in 2005 by Siemens, it was acquired by Arques Industries, later renamed Gigaset, in 2008, it is more active in the area of communications technology and in the manufacturing of DECT telephones.

In 2024 VTech acquired the company.

Gigaset
Gigaset AG (originally Bad Salzschlirf AG, later Arques AG and Arques Industries AG) is a multinational corporation based in Munich, Germany.

Founded in 1900 by Hermann Vollrath, it was responsible for the holding activities of the subsidiary Gigaset Communications until the sale of the subsidiary to VTech in 2024.
NGC 3940
NGC 3940 is an elliptical galaxy, located 300 million light-years away in the Leo constellation. It was discovered on April 26, 1785, by astronomer William Herschel. NGC 3940 is a member of the NGC 3937 Group.

NGC 3940 has a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 5 × 108 M☉.

NGC 3937
NGC 3937 is an elliptical or a lenticular galaxy located about 310 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 27, 1785 and is classified as a radio galaxy.

NGC 3937 is host to supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 3.7 × 109 M☉.
Negative mass
In theoretical physics, negative mass is a hypothetical type of exotic matter whose mass is of opposite sign to the mass of normal matter, e.g. −1 kg. Such matter would violate one or more energy conditions and exhibit strange properties such as the oppositely oriented acceleration for an applied force orientation. It is used in certain speculative hypothetical technologies such as time travel to the past and future, construction of traversable artificial wormholes, which may also allow for time travel, Krasnikov tubes, the Alcubierre drive, and potentially other types of faster-than-light warp drives. Currently, the closest known real representative of such exotic matter is a region of negative pressure density produced by the Casimir effect.

Wormhole
A wormhole is a hypothetical structure that connects disparate points in spacetime. It can be visualized as a tunnel with two ends at separate points in spacetime (i.e., different locations, different points in time, or both). Wormholes are based on a special solution of the Einstein field equations.
Wormholes are consistent with the general theory of relativity, but whether they actually exist is unknown. Many physicists postulate that wormholes are merely projections of a fourth spatial dimension, analogous to how a two-dimensional (2D) being could experience only part of a three-dimensional (3D) object.

In 1995, Matt Visser suggested there may be many wormholes in the universe if cosmic strings with negative mass were generated in the early universe. Some physicists, such as Kip Thorne, have suggested how to create wormholes artificially.
Lyon-Perrache station
Lyon–Perrache or simply Perrache (French: Gare de Lyon-Perrache, [ɡaʁ də ljɔ̃ pɛʁaʃ]) is a large railway station located in the Perrache quarter, in the 2nd arrondissement of Lyon, France. Historically the primary railway station in Lyon, today it is the city's second-busiest station, after the newer Lyon-Part-Dieu station.

Opened in 1857 on Lyon's Presqu'île, the station is located on the Paris–Marseille railway, Lyon–Geneva railway and Moret–Lyon railway. The train services are operated by the SNCF and include TGV, Intercités, TER and international services.

Lyon-Part-Dieu station
The Gare de la Part-Dieu (French pronunciation: [ɡaʁ d(ə) la paʁdjø]; lit. "God's share railway station") or Lyon-Part-Dieu is the primary railway station of Lyon, France, located in its La Part-Dieu business district. It is on the historical Paris–Marseille railway. Train services are mainly operated by the SNCF with frequent TGV high-speed and TER regional services as well as Intercités, Frecciarossa, AVE and Lyria services. Lyon's second railway station, Perrache station, is located in the south of the historical centre.
Independence War 2: Edge of Chaos
Independence War 2: Edge of Chaos (sometimes called Independence War 2: The Edge of Chaos), released as Edge of Chaos: Independence War 2 in Europe, is a sequel to the space combat simulator video game Independence War (also known as I-War in Europe). Developed by Particle Systems - the developers of the first game - and published by Infogrames, the game was released in 2001. It was nominated for an interactive BAFTA award for its soundtrack which was composed by Christopher Mann.

I-War (1997 video game)
I-War (known as Independence War in North America) is a space combat simulator developed by Particle Systems and published by Infogrames. The game was first published in November 1997 in Europe, and in late August of 1998 in North America.

An additional campaign was designed, packaged with the original game and released in September 1999 as Independence War Deluxe Edition in North America and Independence War Special Edition in Europe.

A sequel: Independence War 2: Edge of Chaos, was released in 2001.
Bristol High Cross
Bristol High Cross is a monumental market cross said to have been erected c.1373 in the centre of Bristol, England, to commemorate the granting of a charter by Edward III to make Bristol a county, separate from Somerset and Gloucestershire. It was likely constructed on the site of an earlier market cross. The cross at it survives today is in Decorated Gothic style. In 1764 it was moved to the Stourhead estate in Wiltshire, where it still stands.

Stourhead
Stourhead (/ˈstaʊərhɛd/) is a 1,072-hectare (2,650-acre) estate at the source of the River Stour in the southwest of the English county of Wiltshire, extending into Somerset.

The estate is about 4 km (2+1⁄2 mi) northwest of the town of Mere and includes a Grade I listed 18th-century Neo-Palladian mansion, the village of Stourton, one of the most famous gardens in the English landscape garden style, farmland, and woodland. Stourhead has been part-owned by the National Trust since 1946.
Kujō Hisatsune
Kujō Hisatsune (九条 尚経; January 7, 1469 – August 1, 1530), son of regent Masamoto, was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the Muromachi period (1336–1573). He held a regent position kampaku from 1501 to 1513. Tanemichi was his son.

Kujō Tanemichi
Kujō Tanemichi (九条 稙通; February 22, 1507 – February 24, 1594), was a kugyō or Japanese court noble and classic scholar of the Muromachi period (1336–1573). He was the biological son of regent Hisatsune and Sanjōnishi Yasuko, eldest daughter of Sanjōnishi Sanetaka (1455–1537), the leading waka master, tea expert and incense expert of his time.

Kujō Tanemichi held a regent position (kampaku) from 1533 to 1534. The calligrapher and poet, Ono Otsu, was one of his students. Kanetaka was his adopted son.
Maryland Route 100
Maryland Route 100 (MD 100) is a major east–west highway connecting U.S. Route 29 (US 29) in Ellicott City (just north of Columbia) and MD 177 (Mountain Road) in Pasadena. MD 100 also connects to Interstate 95 (I-95), US 1, the Baltimore–Washington Parkway (MD 295), and I-97. The highway connects Howard County to the west with Anne Arundel County and the Chesapeake Bay to the east.  MD 100 also provides access to the Baltimore–Washington International Airport (BWI) and the Arundel Mills shopping mall.

The eastern section of MD 100 in Anne Arundel County is known as the Paul T. Pitcher Memorial Highway.  The name comes in dedication to Paul T. Pitcher, an Anne Arundel County executive, who originally conceived the highway.

U.S. Route 29 in Maryland
U.S. Route 29 (US 29) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs for 1,043.3 miles (1,679.0 km) from Pensacola, Florida, to the western suburbs of Baltimore, Maryland. In the U.S. state of Maryland, US 29 is a major highway that emerges from Washington, D.C. and runs north into eastern Montgomery County, stretching over 25.86 miles (41.62 km) through the state and terminating at Maryland Route 99 (MD 99) outside of Ellicott City.  It serves the cities of Columbia and Ellicott City and provides the westernmost north–south route between Washington, D.C. and Baltimore.

US 29 in Maryland was a late addition to the U.S. Numbered Highway System fabricated in 1926, beginning along a corridor once known as MD 27.  Since its redesignation, it has been realigned and upgraded many times, now containing freeway and expressway sections.
5th (Mhow) Cavalry Brigade
The 5th (Mhow) Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Indian Army that saw active service in the Indian Army during the First World War. Formed in November 1914, it served on the Western Front as part of the 2nd and 1st Indian Cavalry Divisions until it was broken up in March 1918.

1st Indian Cavalry Division
The 1st Indian Cavalry Division was a division of the British Indian Army which was formed at the outbreak of the First World War.  It served on the Western Front, and was renamed the 4th Cavalry Division on 26 November 1916. In March 1918, the 4th Cavalry Division was disbanded; the British units remained in France and the Indian units were sent to Egypt to help form the 1st Mounted Division.
Virginia Kidd
Virginia Kidd (June 2, 1921 – January 11, 2003) was an American literary agent, writer and editor, who worked in particular in science fiction and related fields. She represented science fiction American authors such as Ursula K. Le Guin, R.A. Lafferty, Anne McCaffrey, Judith Merril, and Gene Wolfe. Wolfe modeled Ann Schindler, a character in his 1990 novel Castleview, in large part on Kidd.

Judith Merril
Judith Josephine Grossman (January 21, 1923 – September 12, 1997), who took the pen-name Judith Merril around 1945, was an American and then Canadian science fiction writer, editor and political activist, and one of the first women to be widely influential in those roles.

Although Merril's first paid writing was in other genres, in her first few years of writing published science fiction she wrote her three novels (all but the first in collaboration with C. M. Kornbluth) and some stories. Her roughly four decades in that genre also included writing 26 published short stories, and editing a similar number of anthologies.
Big Joe Williams
Joseph Lee Williams (October 16, 1903 – December 17, 1982) was an American Delta blues guitarist, singer, and songwriter, notable for the distinctive sound of his nine-string guitar. Performing over five decades, he recorded the songs "Baby, Please Don't Go", "Crawlin' King Snake", and "Peach Orchard Mama", among many others, for various record labels. He was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame on October 4, 1992.

The blues historian Barry Lee Pearson (Sounds Good to Me: The Bluesman's Story, Virginia Piedmont Blues) described Williams's performance:

When I saw him playing at Mike Bloomfield's "blues night" at the Fickle Pickle, Williams was playing an electric nine-string guitar through a small ramshackle amp with a pie plate nailed to it and a beer can dangling against that. When he played, everything rattled but Big Joe himself. The total effect of this incredible apparatus produced the most buzzing, sizzling, African-sounding music I have ever heard.

Mike Bloomfield
Michael Bernard Bloomfield (July 28, 1943 – February 15, 1981) was an American blues guitarist and composer.  Born in Chicago, he became one of the first popular music stars of the 1960s to earn his reputation almost entirely on his instrumental prowess, as he rarely sang before 1969. Respected for his guitar playing, Bloomfield knew and played with many of Chicago's blues musicians before achieving his own fame and was instrumental in popularizing blues music in the mid-1960s. In 1965, he played on Bob Dylan's Highway 61 Revisited, including the single "Like a Rolling Stone", and performed with Dylan at that year's Newport Folk Festival.

Bloomfield was ranked No. 22 on Rolling Stone's list of "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" in 2003 and No. 42 by the same magazine in 2011. He was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in 2012 and, as a member of the Paul Butterfield Blues Band, was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015.
University of Alabama Observatory
The University of Alabama Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.  The new domed observatory was built atop Gallalee Hall, completed in 1949.  It replaced the Old Observatory, which had been in use from 1849 until the 1890s.  Initially equipped with a 10-inch (0.25 m) refracting telescope, this was the university's primary telescope from 1950 until 2004. The old telescope was removed and then sold to an antique telescope collector to make way for the new instrument.  A new 16-inch (0.41 m) Ritchey-Chrétien reflector, manufactured by DFM Engineering, was installed in 2005.

The observatory and its instruments are made available for free public viewing one night per month, weather permitting. The schedule for public viewing is available on the observatory's official website and is updated on a semesterly basis.

Old University of Alabama Observatory
The Old University of Alabama Observatory, now known as Frederick R. Maxwell Hall, was an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.  Although no longer used as an observatory, the building has been restored and preserved.  It currently houses the university's Collaborative Arts Research Initiative (CARI), an interdisciplinary, arts-focused research engine driven by the interests of faculty from across the university. By facilitating collaborations across disciplines, CARI maximizes the impact of faculty arts research, while enriching the university, local, and regional communities.  Significant for its architectural and historical importance, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 14, 1972.
East Coast hip-hop
East Coast hip-hop is a regional subgenre of hip-hop music that originated in New York City during the 1970s. Hip-hop is recognized to have originated and evolved first in the Bronx borough of New York City.

In contrast to other styles, East Coast hip-hop music prioritizes complex lyrics for attentive listening rather than beats for dancing. The term "East Coast hip-hop" more specifically denotes hip-hop originating from the Northeastern United States. Southeastern states such as Georgia or Florida instead produce Southern hip-hop rather than East Coast hip-hop, although the District of Columbia, Virginia, and Maryland produce East Coast hip-hop.

Southern hip-hop
Southern hip-hop, also known as Southern rap, South Coast hip-hop, or dirty south, is a blanket term for a regional genre of American hip-hop music that emerged in the Southern United States, especially in Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Florida—often titled "The Big 5," five states which constitute the "Southern Network" in rap music.

The music was a reaction to the 1980s flow of hip-hop culture from New York City and the Los Angeles area and can be considered the third major American hip-hop scene, alongside East Coast and West Coast hip-hop. Many early Southern rap artists released their music independently or on mixtapes after encountering difficulty securing record-label contracts in the 1990s. By the early 2000s, many Southern artists had attained success, and as the decade went on, both mainstream and underground varieties of Southern hip-hop became among the most popular and influential of the entire genre.
The Revenge of Frankenstein
The Revenge of Frankenstein is a 1958 British horror film directed by Terence Fisher and starring Peter Cushing, Francis Matthews, Michael Gwynn, Oscar Quitak, Eunice Gayson and Michael Ripper. Made by Hammer Film Productions, the film was a sequel to The Curse of Frankenstein, the studio's 1957 adaptation of Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, and the second instalment in their Frankenstein series.

The film was released in the US in June on a double-bill with Curse of the Demon. Phil Leakey did makeup, Bernard Robinson was the production designer and Robert Lynn and Tom Walls were assistant directors. The film was originally planned to be called Blood of Frankenstein. While this film was being made, Hammer was simultaneously producing a pilot for their planned American TV series Tales Of Frankenstein in Hollywood, which starred Anton Diffring.

The Curse of Frankenstein
The Curse of Frankenstein is a 1957 British science fiction horror film produced by Hammer Film Productions, loosely based on the 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus  by Mary W. Shelley. It was Hammer's first colour horror film, and the first of their Frankenstein series. Directed by Terence Fisher and written by Jimmy Sangster, the film sees Victor Frankenstein who, upon being sentenced to death, recounts the story of his attempt at creating the perfect human, only to create a violent creature. It stars Peter Cushing and Christopher Lee as Frankenstein and the Creature, respectively, with Hazel Court and Robert Urquhart in supporting roles.

The film's worldwide success led to several sequels, and was also followed by new versions of Dracula and The Mummy, establishing "Hammer Horror" as a distinctive brand of Gothic cinema. Professor Patricia MacCormack called The Curse of Frankenstein the "first really gory horror film, showing blood and guts in colour".
2016 Arkansas Democratic presidential primary
The 2016 Arkansas Democratic presidential primary took place on March 1 in the U.S. state of Arkansas as one of the Democratic Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election.

On the same day, dubbed "Super Tuesday," Democratic primaries were held in ten other states plus American Samoa, while the Republican Party held primaries in eleven states including their own Arkansas primary.

2016 Arkansas Republican presidential primary
The 2016 Arkansas Republican presidential primary was won by Donald Trump with a plurality 32.8% support over Senator Ted Cruz, who competed heavily in Arkansas and hailed from neighboring Texas, with 30.5% support. While Marco Rubio earned the endorsement of Arkansas Governor Asa Hutchinson, Ted Cruz competed aggressively with Trump for the state's Evangelical base.

Twelve candidates appeared on the Republican presidential primary ballot.