hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bootle, Cumbria
Bootle (oo as in boot) is a village and civil parish in the Cumberland district in Cumbria, England. The parish had a population of 745 in the 2001 census, decreasing slightly to 742 at the 2011 census. Historically in Cumberland, the village is in the Lake District National Park, and is close to the Irish Sea coast. Near to Bootle is the Eskmeals Firing Range, which was a large employer but in the mid to late 1990s reduced the workforce. Also within the parish is Hycemoor, a hamlet situated 1.2 miles (1.9 km) north-west of Bootle, where Bootle railway station is located.

Bootle railway station
Bootle is a railway station on the Cumbrian Coast Line, which runs between Carlisle and Barrow-in-Furness. The station, situated 24 miles (39 km) north-west of Barrow-in-Furness, serves the village of Bootle in Cumbria. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.
Northman, son of Leofwine
Northman (died 1017) was a Mercian noble of the early 11th century. A member of a powerful Mercian kinship (clan), he is known primarily for receiving the village of Twywell in Northamptonshire from King Æthelred II in 1013, and for his death by order of King Cnut the Great (Canute) in 1017. His violent end by Cnut contrasts with the successful career enjoyed by his brother Leofric, as Earl of Mercia during Cnut's reign. Northman is believed to have been an associate of the troublesome ealdorman Eadric Streona, who was killed with him.

Leofric, Earl of Mercia
Leofric (died 31 August or 30 September 1057) of Mercia founded monasteries at Coventry and Much Wenlock and was a very powerful earl under King Cnut and his successors. Leofric was the husband of Godgifu (upon whom the Lady Godiva legend is based).
Vincent Baker
David Vincent Baker is a designer and theorist of tabletop role-playing games and the owner of indie role-playing games publisher Lumpley Games, which also hosts the archives of The Forge. He and his wife Meguey Baker designed Apocalypse World, the first game in the Powered by the Apocalypse system. Apocalypse World won Game of the Year, Best Support, and Most Innovative game at the 2010 Indie RPG Awards, and was 2011 RPG of the Year at both the Golden Geek Awards and Lucca Comics & Games. Baker also designed Dogs in the Vineyard, which won the 2004 Indie RPG Game of the Year and Innovation Award and was one of three games shortlisted for the 2004 Diana Jones Award.

Indie role-playing game
An indie role-playing game is a role-playing game published by individuals or small press publishers, in contrast to games published by large corporations. Indie tabletop role-playing game designers participate in various game distribution networks, development communities, and gaming conventions, both in person and online. Indie game designer committees grant annual awards for excellence.

In the early 2000s, indie role-playing discussion forums such as The Forge developed innovative design patterns and theories. In 2010, the game Apocalypse World established the popular design framework Powered by the Apocalypse, inspiring hundreds of similar games. Starting in the early 2010s, indie game publishing provided new opportunities for LGBTQ writers to share underrepresented stories.

Common examples of indie role-playing games include Apocalypse World and the Powered by the Apocalypse framework, The Quiet Year, Fiasco, Fall of Magic, Blades in the Dark, and Dialect.
Spasskaya Tower Military Music Festival and Tattoo
The Spasskaya Tower International Military Music Festival (Russian: Международный военно-музыкальный фестиваль «Спасская башня») is an annual military music event and military tattoo held in Moscow on Red Square. Participating in the festival are Russian and foreign military bands, folk groups, and honor guard units of foreign countries. More than 40 countries have taken part in the festival since 2006. It is named after the world-famous Spasskaya Tower of the Moscow Kremlin. Its TV partner is TV Centre. The festival's motto is "To Revive Traditions and Preserve History".

In 2020, the directorate of the festival became a full-fledged member of the Asian Marching Band Confederation (AMBC).

Spasskaya Tower
The Spasskaya Tower (Russian: Спасская башня, romanized: Spasskaya bashnya), also translated as the Saviour Tower, is the main tower on the eastern wall of the Moscow Kremlin which overlooks Red Square.
Riesz representation theorem
The Riesz representation theorem, sometimes called the Riesz–Fréchet representation theorem after Frigyes Riesz and Maurice René Fréchet, establishes an important connection between a Hilbert space and its continuous dual space. If the underlying field is the real numbers, the two are isometrically isomorphic; if the underlying field is the complex numbers, the two are isometrically anti-isomorphic. The (anti-) isomorphism is a particular natural isomorphism.

René Maurice Fréchet
René Maurice Fréchet (French: [ʁəne mɔʁis fʁeʃɛ, moʁ-]; 2 September 1878 – 4 June 1973) was a French mathematician. He made major contributions to general topology and was the first to define metric spaces. He also made several important contributions to the field of statistics and probability, as well as calculus. His dissertation opened the entire field of functionals on metric spaces and introduced the notion of compactness. Independently of Riesz, he discovered the representation theorem in the space of Lebesgue square integrable functions. He is often referred to as the founder of the theory of abstract spaces.
The House of God
The House of God is a 1978 satirical novel by Samuel Shem (a pseudonym used by psychiatrist Stephen Bergman). The novel follows a group of medical interns at a fictionalized version of Beth Israel Hospital over the course of a year in the early 1970s, focusing on the psychological harm and dehumanization caused by their residency training. The book, described by the New York Times as "raunchy, troubling and hilarious", was viewed as scandalous at the time of its publication, but has since acquired a cult following and is frequently included in the discussion of humanism, ethics, and training in medicine.

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) in Boston, Massachusetts is a teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School and one of the founding members of Beth Israel Lahey Health. It was formed out of the 1996 merger of Beth Israel Hospital (founded in 1916 by the Jewish community) and New England Deaconess Hospital (founded in 1896 by Methodist deaconesses). Among independent teaching hospitals, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center has ranked in the top three recipients of biomedical research funding from the National Institutes of Health. Research funding totals nearly $200 million annually. BIDMC researchers run more than 850 active sponsored projects and 200 clinical trials. The Harvard-Thorndike General Clinical Research Center, the oldest clinical research laboratory in the United States, has been located on this site since 1973.
2015 Americas Twenty20 Division One
The 2015 ICC Americas Twenty20 Division One was a cricket tournament held in the United States from 3–10 May 2015. All matches were played at the World Sports Park in Indianapolis, Indiana.

The top two teams at the tournament, Canada and the United States, progressed to the 2015 World Twenty20 Qualifier in Ireland and Scotland, where the top six teams will qualify for the 2016 ICC World Twenty20 in India. The tournament was organised by ICC Americas, and featured the top four associate members in that region – Bermuda, Canada, Suriname, and the United States. The West Indies cricket team is a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC), and thus qualifies directly for the World Twenty20.

Indianapolis World Sports Park
Indianapolis World Sports Park is an American sporting complex in Indianapolis, Indiana. The site covers 46 acres (19 ha) at the former Post Road Community Park and consists of three multi-use fields for the sports of cricket, lacrosse, hurling, rugby, Australian rules football, and Gaelic football. The $5.1 million facility was completed in 2014.
Bendigo line
The Bendigo line is a regional passenger rail service operated by V/Line in Victoria, Australia. It serves 14 stations towards its terminus in the regional city of Bendigo. It is the third most-used regional rail service in Victoria (behind the Ballarat and Geelong services), carrying 2.06 million passengers in the 2022-23 financial year.

Beyond Bendigo, the Echuca line continues north-east to Echuca via Epsom; and the Swan Hill line continues north-west to Swan Hill via Eaglehawk. Services are operated to Bendigo and Echuca primarily using V/Line VLocity diesel multiple unit sets in either 3- or 6-car configurations; V/Line N class loco-hauled services run to Swan Hill, with a mixture of N type carriages and Z type carriages.

Eaglehawk railway station
Eaglehawk railway station is located on the Piangil line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the north-western Bendigo suburb of Eaglehawk, and it opened on 19 September 1876.

A pedestrian subway once existed at the up end of the station, until it was filled in and replaced with a pedestrian crossing in 1967.

The Eaglehawk–Kerang electric staff section was replaced with staff and ticket in 1987. In 1989, the signal box, interlocking and goods yard at the station was abolished. A former goods shed and a small disused platform is located opposite the station.

In 2020, the station underwent a refurbishment, including new car park spaces and drop-off zones, an upgraded forecourt and an extension to the platform at the up end of the station.

Located approximately 1 km west of the station is the junction of the Piangil line and the disused Eaglehawk–Inglewood line.
Chodov (Prague)
Chodov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈxodof]) is a district and cadastral area of Prague, capital of the Czech Republic.  It lies in the south-east of the city, and became part of the Prague municipality in 1968.  In terms of the Prague districts defined in 1960, it lay in administrative district 4, and its postal address is still Prague 4.  However, since 2001 it has been placed in the administrative district Prague 11; within that, it lies in the Prague 11 municipal district.  It has a Metro station, on the C line.  It is principally an area of large high-rise post-Second World War housing developments, but since the Velvet Revolution of 1989 there has been rapid development of commercial sites such as car dealerships; there are also some areas of detached housing.  There are a number of hotels in the district, some of them large establishments catering to the congress and package holiday trade.

Prague 11
Prague 11 is a municipal district (městská část) in Prague, Czech Republic. It is located in the south eastern part, 8 km from the City Center.

The district is split into two parts, mainly from the perspective of pedestrians, by the south-eastern highway to Brno. Praha 11 comprises Chodov, Opatov and Háje on one side and Roztyly on the other side.

Praha 11 is mostly residential district because of the huge panel housing estate called Jižní Město. At the beginning of 2016, it had 77,175 inhabitants. With the city centre it is connected by metro line C.

The administrative district (správní obvod) of the same name consists of municipal districts Prague 11, Křeslice, Šeberov and Újezd.
Independent Golden Jubilee Government Higher Secondary School, Pasighat
Independent Golden Jubilee Government Higher Secondary School, Pasighat is the oldest school in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It is recognised by the CBSE, New Delhi, under the Government of Arunachal Pradesh and has three streams: Humanities, Commerce and Science.

Pasighat
Pasighat is the headquarters of East Siang district in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. Situated at the eastern foothills of the Himalayas at 155 metres (509 ft) above mean sea level, Pasighat is Arunachal's oldest town. The Government of India included Pasighat in the Smart Cities Mission development scheme in June 2017.

It hosts an Advance Landing Ground (ALG) of Indian Air Force.
Girnar
Girnar is an ancient hill in Junagadh, Gujarat, India. It is one of the  holiest pilgrimages of Jains, a Mahatirth, where the 22nd Tirthaṅkar, Lord Neminath attained omniscience, and later nirvana at its highest peak (Neminath Shikhar), along with other five hundred and thirty three enlightened sages. This is well described in ancient texts such as Kalpa Sūtra written by acharya Bhadrabāhu and Shri Uttaradhyayana Sutra by Arya Sudharmaswami. It is administered by the Junagadh Municipal Corporation.

Major Rock Edicts
The Major Rock Edicts of Indian emperor Ashoka refer to 14 separate major Edicts of Ashoka which are significantly detailed and represent some of the earliest dated rock inscriptions of any Indian monarch. These edicts are preceded chronologically by the Minor Rock Edicts.
Bashkortostan
Bashkortostan, officially the Republic of Bashkortostan, sometimes also called Bashkiria, is a republic of Russia between the Volga river and the Ural Mountains in Eastern Europe. The republic borders Perm Krai to the north, Sverdlovsk Oblast to the northeast, Chelyabinsk Oblast to the east, Orenburg Oblast to the south, Tatarstan to the west and Udmurtia to the northwest. It covers 143,600 square kilometres (55,400 square miles). It is the seventh-most populous federal subject in Russia and the most populous republic. Its capital and largest city is Ufa. As of 2025, it has a population of 4,046,094.

Bashkortostan was established on 28 November [O.S. 15 November] 1917. On 20 March 1919, it was transformed into the Bashkir ASSR, the first autonomous republic in the Russian SFSR. On 11 October 1990, it adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty. In the Constitution of Bashkortostan and Constitution of Russia, Bashkortostan is defined as a state.

Declaration of State Sovereignty of Bashkortostan
Declaration of State Sovereignty of Bashkortostan was a document declaring the political and economic autonomy of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from the Soviet Union. The Declaration was adopted on 11 October 1990 at the third session of the Supreme Soviet of the Bashkir ASSR. The former Bashkir ASSR is today the Republic of Bashkortostan, a federal subject of Russia. The declaration of Bashkortostan’s sovereignty was effectively rescinded following the decision of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in June 2009 to strike out all language mentioning regional sovereignty from regional constitutions and laws as contradictory to the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Radiolarite
Radiolarite is a siliceous, comparatively hard, fine-grained, chert-like, and homogeneous sedimentary rock that is composed predominantly of the microscopic remains of radiolarians. This term is also used for indurated radiolarian oozes and sometimes as a synonym of radiolarian earth. However, radiolarian earth is typically regarded by Earth scientists to be the unconsolidated equivalent of a radiolarite. A radiolarian chert is well-bedded, microcrystalline radiolarite that has a well-developed siliceous cement or groundmass.

Radiolaria
The Radiolaria, also called Radiozoa and informally called radiolarians, are unicellular eukaryotes of diameter 0.1–0.2 mm that produce intricate mineral skeletons, typically with a central capsule dividing the cell into the inner and outer portions of endoplasm and ectoplasm. The elaborate mineral skeleton is usually made of silica. They are found as zooplankton throughout the global ocean. As zooplankton, radiolarians are primarily heterotrophic, but many have photosynthetic endosymbionts and are, therefore, considered mixotrophs. The skeletal remains of some types of radiolarians make up a large part of the cover of the ocean floor as siliceous ooze. Due to their rapid change as species and intricate skeletons, radiolarians represent an important diagnostic fossil found from the Cambrian onwards.
Wadia family
The Wadia family is a Parsi family from Surat, India, currently based in Mumbai, India. The family rose to wealth in the mid-1700s as shipbuilders serving the British East India Company as the latter established its sway over India.

During the declining years of the British Raj, Neville Wadia, scion of the main branch of the family, married Dina Jinnah, the only child of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan. Despite being the only descendants of the founder of Pakistan, the family chose to stick to their mills and factories in India rather than emigrate to the new country.

They prospered abundantly under Nehru-Gandhi dispensation and today, they run the Wadia Group of companies, one of the larger industrial conglomerates in India.

Wadia Group
Wadia Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate, founded in Surat, headquartered in Mumbai. It was founded by Lovji Nusserwanjee Wadia in 1736 and is the oldest company in India, with its subsidiary The Bombay Burmah Trading Corporation Limited, established in 1863, being the oldest publicly traded Indian company. Other notable companies of the group are Bombay Dyeing, a textile company established in 1879, and Britannia Industries, a food and beverage company established in 1918.

Lovji Wadia secured contracts with the British East India Company to build ships and docks in Bombay in 1736. This, and subsequent efforts, would result in Bombay becoming a strategic port for the British colonial undertakings in Asia. The Bombay dry dock, the first dry dock in Asia, was built by Lovji and his brother Sorabji in 1750. Among the historical ships built by the Wadia Group are HMS Minden, HMS Cornwallis, and HMS Trincomalee.
Latvian football league system
The Latvian football league system, also known as the football pyramid, is a series of interconnected leagues for men's association football clubs in Latvia.  The system has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels, allowing even the smallest club the theoretical possibility of ultimately rising to the very top of the system, the Latvian Higher League. Below that are levels 2–4 organised by the Latvian Football Federation.

The exact number of clubs varies from year to year as clubs join and leave leagues, merge, or fold altogether, but the existence of a total of 8 divisions within the 4 league levels, and an estimated average of 10 clubs per division implies that approximately 80 clubs are members of a league in the Latvian men's football league system.

The pyramid for women's football in Latvia runs separately to the men's structure and consists of two tiers.

Latvian Higher League
Latvian Higher League or Virslīga, also known as TonyBet Virslīga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Latvia and the highest level of the Latvian football league system. Organised by the Latvian Football Federation, the league is contested by ten clubs.
Thermonatrite
Thermonatrite is a naturally occurring evaporite mineral form of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3·H2O.

It was first described in 1845. Its name is from the Greek θερμός thermos, "heat", plus natron, because it may be a dehydration product of natron.

Typical occurrence is in dry saline lake beds and as soil encrustations. It has been reported from volcanic fumaroles and in association with carbonatite-related veins. Common associated minerals include trona, natron and halite.

Trona
Trona (trisodium hydrogendicarbonate dihydrate, also sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate, Na2CO3·NaHCO3·2H2O) is a non-marine evaporite mineral. It is mined as the primary source of sodium carbonate in the United States, where it has replaced the Solvay process used in most of the rest of the world for sodium carbonate production. Turkey is also a major producer.
East Broadway (Manhattan)
East Broadway is a two-way east–west street in the Chinatown, Two Bridges, and Lower East Side neighborhoods of the New York City borough of Manhattan in the U.S. state of New York.

East Broadway begins at Chatham Square (also known as Kimlau Square) and runs eastward under the Manhattan Bridge, continues past Seward Park and the eastern end of Canal Street, and ends at Grand Street.

The western portion of the street has evolved into the neighborhood known as Little Fuzhou, or Manhattan's Fuzhou Town (福州埠, 紐約華埠), primarily populated by Chinese immigrants (mainly Foochowese who emigrated from Fuzhou, Fujian), while the eastern portion was traditionally home to a large number of Jews. One section in the eastern part of East Broadway, between Clinton Street and Pitt Street, has been unofficially referred to by residents as "Shteibel Way", since it has been  lined with up to ten small synagogues ("shteibels") in its history.

Seward Park (Manhattan)
Seward Park is a public park and playground on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York City. Located north of East Broadway and east of Essex Street, it is 3.046 acres (12,330 m2) in size and is the first municipally built playground in the United States.
My Friend the Chocolate Cake
My Friend the Chocolate Cake are an Australian chamber pop group formed in 1989 by mainstays David Bridie on vocals and keyboards and Helen Mountfort on cello and backing vocals (both ex-Not Drowning, Waving). They have released seven studio albums with two reaching the ARIA Albums Chart top 50, Brood (1993) and Good Luck (1996). These two albums have both won the ARIA Award for Best Adult Contemporary Album; in 1995 and 1997.

1995 ARIA Music Awards
The Ninth Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as the ARIA Music Awards or simply The ARIAs) was held on 20 October 1995 at the Sydney Convention & Exhibition Centre. There had been a 18-month gap since the previous award ceremony which was moved to be "closer to the business end of the music industry's year" and so reflect that year's works. Presenters distributed 28 awards from 1060 eligible submissions. Big winners for the year were Silverchair with five awards and Tina Arena with four, including Album of the Year and Song of the Year – both first time they were won by a female.

In addition to previous categories, the former category Best Pop/Dance Release was split into Best Pop Release and Best Dance Release. Another new category Best World Music Album was also presented for the first time. The ARIA Hall of Fame inducted: The Seekers.
Environmental Action
Environmental Action is a 501(c)(4) non-profit environmental advocacy organization in the United States. Founded in 1970 by environmental activists at the first Earth Day, it operated until 1996 but was then rebooted in 2012 as part of the Public Interest Network, a family of non-profit organizations that includes the Public Interest Research Group, Environment America, Green Corps and others.

Environmental Action developed the original "Dirty Dozen", a list of members of Congress with poor records on environmental issues. Begun in 1970, it ran annually until 1996 in partnership with the League of Conservation Voters. The group also advocated for Richard Nixon to support the Clean Air Act of 1970, the Clean Water Act, and the Endangered Species Act.

League of Conservation Voters
The League of Conservation Voters (LCV) is an American environmental advocacy group. Through its affiliated super PAC, it is a major supporter of the Democratic Party. The organization pursues its goals through voter education, voter mobilization, and direct contributions to political candidates. LCV includes 29 state affiliates. LCV was founded in 1970 by environmentalist Marion Edey, with support from David Brower. The group's current president is Gene Karpinski. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., and has over two million members.

The LCV's affiliated super PAC spends money supporting Democratic candidates and opposing Republicans; it spent $120 million in 2024 in support of Kamala Harris and other Democrats. As a 501(c)(4) nonprofit, the LCV does not legally need to disclose its donors and can make unlimited contributions to super PACs.