hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2018 United States Senate election in Virginia
The 2018 United States Senate election in Virginia took place on November 6, 2018, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the Commonwealth of Virginia, concurrently with other elections to the U.S. Senate, elections to the United States House of Representatives, and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic Senator Tim Kaine, who had been his party's unsuccessful nominee for vice president two years earlier, was re-elected to a second term in office, winning this seat by the largest margin since 1988. This was the first election since 1994 that anyone had been re-elected to this seat.

The Republican Party of Virginia central committee voted to select the Republican nominee for Senate by a primary rather than a convention. Corey Stewart, chair of the Prince William Board of County Supervisors, won the Republican nomination on June 12, 2018, after defeating Delegate Nick Freitas and Christian minister E. W. Jackson.

E. W. Jackson
Earl Walker Jackson Sr. (born January 13, 1952) is an American Protestant minister,  lawyer, and perennial candidate. He was a candidate in the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries. He was the Republican Party nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia in 2013. Jackson unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for the United States Senate in Virginia in the 2012 and 2018 elections. He is head pastor at Exodus Faith Ministries, located in Chesapeake, Virginia and founder of Staying True to America's National Destiny, a Christian political organization.
Mylonite
Mylonite is a fine-grained, compact metamorphic rock produced by dynamic recrystallization of the constituent minerals resulting in a reduction of the grain size of the rock. Mylonites can have many different mineralogical compositions; it is a classification based on the textural appearance of the rock.

Cataclasite
Cataclasite is a cohesive granular fault rock. Comminution, also known as cataclasis, is an important process in forming cataclasites.  They fall into the category of cataclastic rocks which are formed through faulting or fracturing in the upper crust.  Cataclasites are distinguished from fault gouge, which is incohesive, and fault breccia, which contains coarser fragments.
Philippine National Police
The Philippine National Police (PNP; Filipino: Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas) is the national police force of the Philippines. Its national headquarters is located at Camp Crame in Bagong Lipunan ng Crame, Quezon City. Currently, it has approximately 228,000 personnel to police a population in excess of 100 million.

The agency is administered and controlled by the National Police Commission and is part of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Local police officers are operationally controlled by city or municipal mayors. DILG, on the other hand, organizes, trains and equips the PNP for the performance of police functions as a police force that is national in scope and civilian in character.

The PNP was formed on January 29, 1991, when the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police were merged pursuant to Republic Act 6975 of 1990.

Integrated National Police
The Integrated National Police (INP) (Filipino: Pinagsamang Pulisyáng Pambansà, PPP; Spanish: Policía Nacional Conjunta, PNC) was the municipal police force for the cities and large towns of the Republic of the Philippines. One of two national police forces in the country along with the Philippine Constabulary, it merged with the latter in 1991 to form the present Philippine National Police.
536th Tactical Airlift Squadron
The 536th Tactical Airlift Squadron is an inactive squadron of the United States Air Force.  The unit was last active at Cam Ranh Bay Air Base Viet Nam, where it was inactivated on 15 October 1971.

The squadron was first established during World War II as the 536th Fighter Squadron.  It served as a Replacement Training Unit for Republic P-47 Thunderbolt pilots until it was disbanded in a major reorganization of the Army Air Forces in 1944 designed to streamline training organizations.

In 1952, the squadron was redesignated as the 536th Troop Carrier Squadron, and activated at Atterbury Air Force Base to replace elements of the 923d Reserve Training Wing.  The following year the squadron was inactivated and replaced at Atterbury by the 72d Troop Carrier Squadron.

The unit was activated again in Viet Nam as a C-7 Caribou squadron assigned to the 483d Tactical Airlift Wing; the squadron was awarded three Presidential Unit Citations for its actions during the Viet Nam War.

Cam Ranh Base
Cam Ranh Air Force Base is located on Cam Ranh Bay in Khánh Hòa province, Vietnam. It was one of several air bases built and used by the United States Air Force (USAF) during the Vietnam War.

Cam Ranh Air Force Base was part of the large Cam Ranh Bay logistics facility built by the United States. It was the major military seaport used by the United States for the offloading of supplies, military equipment and as a major Naval base. Army, Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force units all had compounds and units assigned to the Cam Ranh Bay facility from its opening in 1965 until its closure in 1972 as part of the drawdown of United States military forces in South Vietnam.

Between 1979 and 2002, the facility was used by the Soviet Navy and the Russian Navy.
Ben Saunders (fighter)
Benjamin Saunders (born April 13, 1983), is an American mixed martial artist who currently fights in the Welterweight division. He was a featured fighter on The Ultimate Fighter: Team Hughes vs. Team Serra, fighting on Team Serra. A professional competitor since 2004, Saunders has formerly competed in the UFC and Bellator.

Bellator MMA
Bellator MMA (formerly Bellator Fighting Championships) was an American mixed martial arts promotion founded in 2008 by Bjorn Rebney and operated until 2025. The promotion takes its name from bellātor, the Latin word for "warrior". Bellator's first event was in 2009, and the promotion held 313 "numbered" events.

Bellator was considered the second largest MMA promotion in the United States, and one of the largest combat sport promotions in the world. Paramount Global (formerly Viacom) purchased majority ownership of Bellator from Rebney in 2011, with Paramount's television networks serving as the promotion's media broadcasters in the United States. On November 20, 2023, after then-broadcast home Showtime announced the discontinuation of its sports division, Bellator MMA was acquired by the Professional Fighters League (PFL).
David Richardson (American football)
David Michael Richardson (born September 9, 1981) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Cal Poly Mustangs.

Cal Poly Mustangs football
The Cal Poly Mustangs are the football team representing California Polytechnic State University located in San Luis Obispo, California. The team plays its home games at Mustang Memorial Field, at the NCAA Division I FCS level in the Big Sky Conference. The current head coach is Tim Skipper, who began his tenure in December 2025.
Norwegian Armed Forces
The Norwegian Armed Forces (Norwegian: Forsvaret, lit. 'The Defence') are the armed forces responsible for the defence of Norway. It consists of five branches, the Norwegian Army, the Royal Norwegian Navy, which includes the Coast Guard, the Royal Norwegian Air Force, the Home Guard, and Norwegian Cyber Defence Force as well as several joint departments.

The military force in peacetime is around 17,185 personnel including military and civilian staff, and around 70,000 in total with the current military personnel, conscripts and the Norwegian Home Guard in full mobilization.

Among European NATO members, the military expenditure of US$7.2 billion is the highest per capita.

Norwegian Cyber Defence Force
The Norwegian Cyber Defence Force (Norwegian: Cyberforsvaret) is a branch of the Norwegian Armed Forces responsible for military communications and defensive cyberwarfare in Norway. The force employs 1,500 people located at more than 60 locations. The main base is at Jørstadmoen in Fåberg with a secondary base at Kolsås outside Oslo.
Best Performance Award (Locarno International Film Festival)
The Pardo for Best Performance (English: Leopard for Best Performance; Italian: Pardo per la migliore interpretazione) is an award given at the Locarno International Film Festival. It was first awarded in 2023. In 2022, the Locarno Film Festival announced that the two acting categories would be retired and replaced with one gender neutral category, with both Best Actor and Best Actress merging into two Pardo Awards for the Best Performances category.

Locarno Film Festival
The Locarno International Film Festival is a major international film festival held annually in Locarno, Switzerland. Founded in 1946, the festival screens films in various competitive and non-competitive sections, including feature-length narrative, documentary, short, avant-garde, and retrospective programs. The Piazza Grande section is held in an open-air venue that seats 8,000 spectators.

The top prize of the festival is the Golden Leopard, awarded to the best film in the International Competition. Other awards include the Leopard of Honour for career achievement, and the Prix du Public, the public choice award.
Onoulphus
Onoulphus, also Onoulf, Unulf and Hunulf (died 493) was a military leader in the 5th century. His origins lay in the non Roman tribal groups led by Attila the Hun (died 453) in the Middle Danube region, but his career as a soldier brought him into the violent internal politics of the Roman empire during the period when the last Western Roman emperors lived and died.

Together with his father Edeka, he was first mentioned as a chief of an independent Sciri polity, which was crushed by the Ostrogoths in 468/9. By 477 he was serving in the Eastern Roman Empire as magister militum per Illyricum, under the command of Armatus, who he killed in about that year on the instructions of the emperor Leo I. He finally became a general under the command of his own brother Odoacer, who in 476 led the non Roman soldiers under his command to a takeover of Roman Italy. He and his brother were killed in 493 when Theoderic the Great and his Ostrogothic forces took control of Roman Italy.

Magister militum
Magister militum (Latin for "master of soldiers"; pl.: magistri militum) was a top-level military command used in the late Roman Empire, dating from the reign of Constantine the Great. The term referred to the senior military officer (equivalent to a war theatre commander, the emperor remaining the supreme commander) of the empire. The office continued to exist and evolve during the early Byzantine Empire. In Greek sources, the term is translated either as strategos or as stratelates (although these terms were also used non-technically to refer to commanders of different ranks).
American Jewish Congress
The American Jewish Congress (AJCongress) is an association of American Jews organized to defend Jewish interests in the US and internationally through public policy advocacy, using diplomacy, legislation, and the courts.

American Jewish Committee
American Jewish Committee (AJC) is a civil rights group and Jewish advocacy group established on November 11, 1906. It is one of the oldest Jewish advocacy organizations and, according to The New York Times, is "widely regarded as the dean of American Jewish organizations".

Besides working in favor of civil liberties for Jews, the organization has a history of fighting against forms of discrimination in the United States and working on behalf of social equality, such as filing an amicus brief in the May 1954 case of Brown v. Board of Education and participating in other events in the civil rights movement. It is also known for its pro-Israel lobbying.
On Wings of Eagles
On Wings of Eagles is a 1983 non-fiction thriller written by British author Ken Follett.  Set against the background of the Iranian revolution, it tells a story based on the rescue of Paul Chiapparone and Bill Gaylord from prison in Tehran by a team of Electronic Data Systems executives led by retired Col. Arthur D. Simons.

The story, according to Follett, is not fictionalized or a 'non-fiction novel'.

Arthur D. Simons
Arthur D. "Bull" Simons (June 28, 1918 – May 21, 1979) was a United States Army Special Forces colonel best known for leading the Sơn Tây raid, an attempted rescue of U.S. prisoners of war during the Vietnam War from a North Vietnamese prison at Sơn Tây. He also led the successful 1979 rescue of two employees of Electronic Data Systems from prison in Iran.

Although serving 30 years as an officer spanning three wars, Simons was deemed not to fit the "career mold" for a general officer and did not rise above the rank of colonel. An Air Force officer who helped plan and execute the Sơn Tây raid wrote of Simons: "He was not out to make a name for himself; he was there to do his duty. He did not attend all the professional advancement schools and did not cultivate any sponsors for his career. He just answered every call because it was the right thing for an American soldier to do."
Taiye Selasi
Taiye Selasi (born 2 November 1979 in London, England) is an American writer and photographer. Of Nigerian and Ghanaian origin, she describes herself as a "local" of Accra, Berlin, New York and Rome. In 2005, Selasi published "Bye-Bye, Babar (Or: What is an Afropolitan?)", her seminal text on Afropolitans. Her novel, Ghana Must Go, was published by Penguin in 2013.

Afropolitan
Afropolitan is a term constructed from the name Africa and the ancient Greek word πολίτης ('politis'), meaning 'citizen' (itself from polis, 'city'). It is an attempt at redefining African phenomena by, on the one hand, placing emphasis on ordinary citizens' experiences in Africa and, on the other hand, reconceptualizing the African Diaspora's relationship with the African continent. Afropolitanism is used and defined in various ways. The novelist Taiye Selasi and the political theorist Achille Mbembe are immediately associated with the coinage of the term and its fundamental theorization.
DESY (particle accelerator)
The particle accelerator DESY (acronym for Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron or German Electron Synchrotron) was the first particle accelerator of the DESY research centre in Hamburg and the one that gave the research centre its name. The DESY synchrotron was used for research in particle physics from 1964 to 1978 and served as a pre-accelerator for other accelerator facilities at DESY.

Construction of the synchrotron started in 1960. With a circumference of 300 m, it was the world's largest facility of its kind and accelerated electrons to 7.4 GeV. The first electrons circulated in acceleration on 25 February 1964, and research activities into elementary particles at the DESY synchrotron started in May 1964. In the experiments carried out at DESY, the electron beams were directed at fixed targets.

DESY
DESY, short for Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (English: German Electron Synchrotron), is a national research centre for fundamental science located in Hamburg and Zeuthen near Berlin in Germany. It operates particle accelerators used to investigate the structure, dynamics and function of matter, and conducts a broad spectrum of interdisciplinary scientific research in four main areas: particle and high energy physics; photon science; astroparticle physics; and the development, construction and operation of particle accelerators. Its name refers to its first project, an electron synchrotron. DESY is publicly financed by the Federal Republic of Germany and the Federal States of Hamburg and Brandenburg and is a member of the Helmholtz Association.
Lobry de Bruyn–Van Ekenstein transformation
In carbohydrate chemistry, the Lobry de Bruyn–Van Ekenstein transformation also known as the Lobry de Bruyn–Alberda van Ekenstein transformation is the base or acid catalyzed transformation of an aldose into the ketose isomer or vice versa, with a tautomeric enediol as reaction intermediate. Ketoses may be transformed into 3-ketoses, etcetera. The enediol is also an intermediate for the epimerization of an aldose or ketose.

The reactions are usually base catalyzed, but can also take place under acid or neutral conditions. A typical rearrangement reaction is that between the aldose glyceraldehyde and the ketose dihydroxyacetone in a chemical equilibrium.

The Lobry de Bruyn–Van Ekenstein transformation is relevant for the industrial production of certain ketoses and was discovered in 1885 by Cornelis Adriaan Lobry van Troostenburg de Bruyn and Willem Alberda van Ekenstein.

Ketose
In organic chemistry, a ketose is a monosaccharide containing one ketone (>C=O) group per molecule. The simplest ketose is dihydroxyacetone ((CH2OH)2C=O), which has only three carbon atoms. It is the only ketose with no optical activity. All monosaccharide ketoses are reducing sugars, because they can tautomerize into aldoses via an enediol intermediate, and the resulting aldehyde group can be oxidised, for example in the Tollens' test or Benedict's test. Ketoses that are bound into glycosides, for example in the case of the fructose moiety of sucrose, are nonreducing sugars.
The Night That Changed America: A Grammy Salute to the Beatles
The Night That Changed America: A Grammy Salute to the Beatles is a television program and tribute to English rock group the Beatles. It aired on CBS on February 9, 2014 (original) and February 12, 2014 (rerun) in the United States and ITV in the United Kingdom on May 2, 2014. The tribute, presented by the Recording Academy, AEG Ehrlich Ventures and the CBS television network, commemorated the legacy of the band and marked the 50th anniversary of their first performance on The Ed Sullivan Show. Kenneth Ehrlich served as executive producer, with Rac Clark as co-executive producer. The production was written by David Wild and Ehrlich and directed by Gregg Gelfand.

The Beatles on The Ed Sullivan Show
The Beatles made several appearances on The Ed Sullivan Show, including three in February 1964 that were among their first appearances in front of an American audience. Their first appearance, on February 9, was seen by over 73 million viewers and came to be regarded as a cultural watershed that launched American Beatlemania—as well as the wider British Invasion of American pop music—and inspired many young viewers to become rock musicians. The band also made another appearance during their 1965 U.S. tour.
Clodoaldo (footballer, born November 1978)
Clodoaldo Paulino de Lima, or simply Clodoaldo (born 25 November 1978), is a Brazilian former football striker, and current manager of Atlético Cali.

He played in Colombia from 2002 to 2003. In 2007, he was a member of the  Corinthians team that was relegated to Serie B, scoring in their final match against Grêmio.

In May 2009 he left Santo André for Figueirense Futebol Clube.

As of March 2012 he was playing for Uberaba.

In January 2013 he signed for Cruzeiro-RS, having played in friendly matches for União Suzano in Bolivia towards the end of 2012.

In January 2014 he joined Depor FC from Brazilian side Suzano.

Atlético Cali
Atlético Fútbol Club (or Atlético F.C.), formerly known as Dépor FC, is a professional Colombian football team based in Cali that currently plays in the Categoría Primera B. They play their home games at the Olímpico Pascual Guerrero stadium.
Norman Alexandroff
Norman Alexandroff (July 24, 1887 - May 26, 1960) was Jewish-Russian immigrant to the United States who became known as a radio broadcaster in the early 20th century and a developer of the radio broadcasting curriculum at the Pestalozzi Froebel Teachers College and the Columbia College of Expression in Chicago, Illinois. When the Pestalozzi Froebel Teachers College and the Columbia College of Expression separated in 1944, Alexandroff became the fifth president of Columbia College.

Columbia College Chicago
Columbia College Chicago is a private art college in Chicago, Illinois, United States.  Founded in 1890, it has 4,200 students (as of fall 2025) pursuing degrees in more than 40 undergraduate and graduate degree programs.  It is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

As of July 1, 2025, Shantay N. Bolton is the president and CEO of Columbia College Chicago.

Columbia College Chicago is the host institution of several affiliated educational, cultural, and research organizations, including the Center for Black Music Research, the Center for Book and Paper Arts, the Center for Community Arts Partnerships, the Dance Center of Columbia College Chicago, and the Museum of Contemporary Photography (MoCP).

Columbia College Chicago is not affiliated with Columbia University, Columbia College Hollywood, or any other Columbia College in the United States. However, Columbia College Hollywood was originally founded as a branch campus of Columbia College Chicago from 1952-1957.
1988 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament
The 1988 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament was the seventh annual tournament hosted by the NCAA to determine the national champion of Division III women's collegiate basketball in the United States.

Concordia Moorhead defeated St. John Fisher in the championship game, 65–57, to claim the Cobbers' first NCAA Division III national title and second overall.

The championship rounds were hosted by Concordia College in Moorhead, Minnesota.

Concordia College (Moorhead, Minnesota)
Concordia College is a private liberal arts college in Moorhead, Minnesota, United States. Founded by Norwegian settlers in 1891, the school is associated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and is unrelated to the Concordia University System operated by the Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod. Concordia is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and has a total student enrollment of 1,800. It offers Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Music, Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Master of Education, and Master of Science, and Master of Music Education degrees.

Since Concordia was founded, it has articulated a Christian and global curriculum. Students are required to take courses in health, communication, religion, and culture. The college maintains athletic teams in 22 sports and carries 20 music ensembles, including The Concordia Orchestra, The Concordia Band, and The Concordia Choir.
Cyclopentadiene
Cyclopentadiene is an organic compound with the formula C5H6. It is often abbreviated CpH because the cyclopentadienyl anion is abbreviated Cp−.

This colorless liquid has a strong and unpleasant odor. At room temperature, this cyclic diene dimerizes over the course of hours to give dicyclopentadiene via a Diels–Alder reaction. This dimer can be heated to induce thermal cracking and regenerate the monomer through a retro-Diels–Alder reaction

The compound is mainly used for the production of cyclopentene and its derivatives. It is popularly used as a precursor to the cyclopentadienyl anion (Cp−), an important ligand in cyclopentadienyl complexes in organometallic chemistry.

Sodium cyclopentadienide
Sodium cyclopentadienide is an organosodium compound with the formula C5H5Na. The compound is often abbreviated as NaCp, where Cp− is the cyclopentadienyl anion. Sodium cyclopentadienide is a colorless solid, although samples often are pink owing to traces of oxidized impurities.