hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thembisa
Thembisa, formerly Tembisa, is a large township situated to the north of Kempton Park on the East Rand, Gauteng, South Africa. It was established in 1957 when black people were resettled from Alexandra and other areas in Edenvale, Kempton Park, Midrand and Germiston.

Kempton Park, South Africa
Kempton Park is a city in the East Rand region of Gauteng province, South Africa. It is part of the City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. It is situated south of Thembisa, one of the largest townships in South Africa, which is also part of Ekurhuleni. South Africa's busiest airport, O. R. Tambo International Airport is located in Kempton Park.

The name of the city is sometimes written as "Kemptonpark" in Afrikaans.
Luopterus
Luopterus (meaning "Lü Junchang's wing") is an extinct genus of anurognathid pterosaur containing only the holotype species L. mutoudengensis that is known from the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of Qinglong, northern Hebei Province, China. It was originally named as a species of Dendrorhynchoides in 2012 but it was moved to the genus Luopterus in 2020. Luopterus was originally thought to be from the Early Cretaceous, with a wingspan that is about 40 centimeters (16 in), making it one of the smallest known pterosaurs.

Anurognathidae
Anurognathidae is a family of small, short-tailed pterosaurs that lived in Europe, Asia, and possibly North America during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. Eight genera are definitively known: Anurognathus, from the Late Jurassic of Germany; Jeholopterus, Luopterus, Cascocauda and Sinomacrops, from the Middle to Late Jurassic of China; Batrachognathus, from the Late Jurassic of Kazakhstan; and Dendrorhynchoides and Vesperopterylus, from the Early Cretaceous of China. Bennett (2007) suggested that the holotype of Mesadactylus, BYU 2024, a synsacrum, belonged to an anurognathid, though this affinity has been questioned by other authors. Mesadactylus is from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of the United States. Indeterminate anurognathid remains have also been reported from the Middle Jurassic Bakhar Svita of Mongolia and the Early Cretaceous of North Korea. Anurognathids had wingspans of up to 900 mm.
Joseph Alfred Lamy
Joseph Alfred Lamy (père) (8 September 1850 – 1919), was an important French archetier (bow maker) of the early twentieth century known as  Lamy Père.

He was born in Mirecourt, Vosges, France, where he apprenticed from 1862 to 1868, and later worked from 1877 to 1885 for François Nicolas Voirin in Paris.
He started his apprenticeship in 1862 with Charles Claude Nicolas Husson. 
In 1868, he joined Gautrot's workshop in Château Thierry, where he met François Nicolas Voirin. 
In 1876, he came to Paris to work with François Nicolas Voirin, whose assistant he had become. 
In 1885, at the death of François Nicolas Voirin, he started his own workshop at  34 rue du Faubourg Poissonière.
His firstborn son Hippolyte Camille Lamy and nephew Alfred Lamy carried on the family tradition.
He branded his bows "A. LAMY A PARIS".

Hippolyte Camille Lamy
Hippolyte Camille LAMY (1875–1942), was an important French archetier (musical bow maker) of the early twentieth century also known as Lamy Fils.

Hippolyte-Camille LAMY was the first son of Joseph Alfred Lamy known as Lamy père. 
From 1890, he started his apprenticeship with his father. Between 1905-1910, gradually personalized his model by widening the throat of the frogs and by slightly enlarging the style of the head.
He continued to work with his father until his death in 1919. He then  took over the workshop and carried on the family tradition.
His style is very close to his father's but as Mr. Raffin says "but slightly more generous".
He died on 14 January 1942 at his home in Paris.
"Hippolyte Camille LAMY's bows are much sought after today by professional musicians world wide." Filimonov Fine Violins

Branded his bows « A. LAMY A PARIS »
Ngauranga railway station
Ngauranga railway station is a single island platform railway station in the mainly industrial and commercial suburb of Ngauranga on the Wairarapa Line in Wellington, New Zealand. It is on the Wellington suburban rail network and is served by Melling Line trains and some only Hutt Valley Line trains. Wairarapa Connection trains pass this station but do not stop. All trains are run by Transdev as part of the Metlink network.

Ngauranga formerly handled freight traffic, but is now used exclusively by commuter passenger trains. It is next to a waste disposal facility and at the bottom of the Ngauranga Gorge, next to the major road junction where State Highway 2 joins State Highway 1.

Melling branch
The Melling branch is a railway branch line in the Hutt Valley, north of Wellington, New Zealand.  It is part of the national rail network and formerly part of the Wairarapa line. Until 2010 it was one of only two passenger-only lines in the country (the second one being the Johnsonville line), since that year the two being joined by the Onehunga branch and later by the Manukau branch.

Services are operated by Transdev Wellington under the Metlink brand and marketed as the Melling Line. Matangi EMU trains run between Wellington and Melling from Monday to Friday.

The Melling Line is expected to close for up to eighteen months from July 2024 to enable the RiverLink flood protection project to proceed. A new Melling station is to be built 250m south of the existing station, which will be preserved as a heritage building.
Tobermorite
Tobermorite is a calcium silicate hydrate mineral with chemical formula:
Ca5Si6O16(OH)2·4H2O or
Ca5Si6(O,OH)18·5H2O.

Two structural varieties are distinguished: tobermorite-11 Å and tobermorite-14 Å.
Tobermorite occurs in hydrated cement paste and can be found in nature as an alteration mineral in metamorphosed limestone and in skarn. It has been reported to occur in the Maqarin Area of north Jordan and in the Crestmore Quarry near Crestmore Heights, Riverside County, California.

Tobermorite was first described in 1880 for an occurrence in Scotland, on the Isle of Mull, around the locality of Tobermory.

Calcium silicate hydrate
Calcium silicate hydrates (CSH or C-S-H) are the main products of the hydration of Portland cement and are primarily responsible for the strength of cement-based materials. They are the main binding phase (the "glue") in most concrete. Only well defined and rare natural crystalline minerals can be abbreviated as CSH while extremely variable and poorly ordered phases without well defined stoichiometry, as it is commonly observed in hardened cement paste (HCP), are denoted C-S-H.
Exercise
Exercise or working out is physical activity that enhances or maintains fitness and overall health. It is performed for various reasons, including weight loss or maintenance, to aid growth and improve strength, develop muscles and the cardiovascular system, hone athletic skills, improve health, or simply for enjoyment. Many people choose to exercise outdoors where they can congregate in groups, socialize, and improve well-being as well as mental health.

In terms of health benefits, usually, 150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) of moderate-intensity exercise per week is recommended for reducing the risk of health problems. At the same time, even doing a small amount of exercise is healthier than doing none. For people who currently get the smallest amount of physical activity, adding just two or three minutes per day of moderate physical activity could reduce the risk of premature death by 10%.

Outdoor fitness
Outdoor fitness consists of exercise undertaken outside a building for the purpose of improving physical fitness. It contrasts with exercise undertaken inside a gym or health club for the same purpose. The activity may be undertaken in a park, in the wilderness, or other outdoor location. The popularity of outdoor fitness grew rapidly in the second-half of the twentieth century and grew as a commercial consumer market in the twenty-first century.
Mount Hood Railroad
The Mount Hood Railroad (reporting mark MHRR) is a heritage and shortline freight railroad located in Hood River, Oregon, 60 miles (97 km) east of Portland, Oregon, United States.

The majority of the railroad's revenue is generated from passenger excursions although a few small freight shippers remain that generate several carloads of traffic per week.

Hood River, Oregon
Hood River is a city in and the county seat of Hood River County, Oregon, United States. It is a port on the Columbia River, and is named for the nearby Hood River. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 8,313. It is the only city in Oregon where public consumption of alcohol on sidewalks or parks is completely unrestricted.
Government of Balochistan, Pakistan
The Government of Balochistan (Urdu: حکومتِ بلوچستان) is the provincial government of the largest province of Balochistan in Quetta. The head of the province is the Governor, who is nominated by the President of Pakistan. The chief executive of the Government of Balochistan is the Chief Minister who is elected by the Balochistan Assembly and the administrative head of the province is the Chief Secretary of Balochistan who is appointed by the Prime Minister of Pakistan.

The province of Balochistan contains most of the historical Balochistan and is named after the Baloch people. Neighbouring regions are Iranian Balochistan and Sistan to the west, Afghanistan and the former Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan to the north and Punjab and Sindh to the east. The principal languages in the province are Balochi, Pashto, Brahui, and Persian.

Chief Secretary of Balochistan
The Chief secretary of Balochistan (Urdu: مُعْتَمَد اعلٰی بلوچستان), also referred to as CS Balochistan, is the bureaucratic chief and highest-ranking official of the Government of Balochistan, Pakistan. The appointment of the chief secretary is appointed directly by the Prime Minister of Pakistan. The position of chief secretary is equivalent to the rank of Federal Secretary and the position holder usually belongs to the Pakistan Administrative Service.

The chief secretary is the province's administrative boss as all the divisional commissioners and administrative secretaries of province report to him. The CS in turn reports to the chief minister of Balochistan, however the chief secretary is not under the charge of the chief minister as only the prime minister can appoint or remove the CS from his position. The chief secretary also serves as the chief advisor to the chief minister and as secretary to the provincial Cabinet.
Manga Time Kirara Forward
Manga Time Kirara Forward (まんがタイムきららフォワード, Manga Taimu Kirara Fowādo) is a Japanese seinen manga magazine published by Houbunsha. The magazine is sold on the 24th of each month. Forward was the fourth magazine in the Manga Time Kirara line to be published, the first three being Manga Time Kirara, Manga Time Kirara Carat, and Manga Time Kirara Max. It differs from its sister magazines in that it is the only one to not feature 4-Koma manga. The first issue was released on March 23rd 2006 as a special edition of Manga Time Kirara. The first independent issue was released on August 24, 2007.

Manga Time Kirara Max
Manga Time Kirara Max (まんがタイムきららMAX) is a Japanese four-panel seinen manga magazine published by Houbunsha. It is the third magazine of the "Kirara" series, after Manga Time Kirara and Manga Time Kirara Carat. The first issue was released in March 2003 as a special edition of Manga Time Kirara. The first independent issue was released on September 29th 2004. Currently the magazine is released on the 19th of each month.
Bilma
Bilma is an oasis town and commune in north east Niger with, as of the 2012 census, a total population of 4,016 people.

It lies protected from the desert dunes under the Kaouar Cliffs and is the largest town along the Kaouar escarpment.  It is known for its gardens, for salt and natron production through evaporation ponds, date cultivation, and as the destination of one of the last Saharan caravan routes (the Azalai, from Agadez).

Agadez
Agadez (Air Tamajeq: ⴰⴶⴰⴷⴰⵣ, Agadaz), formerly spelled Agadès, is the fifth largest city in Niger, with a population of 110,497 based on the 2012 census. The capital of the eponymous Agadez Region, the city lies in the Sahara desert, and is also the capital of Aïr, one of the traditional Tuareg–Berber federations. The historic centre of the town has been designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
Chakori
Chakori (Bengali: চকোরী Urdu: چکوری), is a Pakistani Urdu feature film. This film was released on 22 March 1967 on Eid-ul-Azha Day in Dhaka, East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). The film was directed by Captain Ehtesham.

It was Nadeem's and Shabana's debut film. The film ran for 81 weeks, and became a platinum jubilee film.

Nadeem (Pakistani actor)
Mirza Nazir Baig (born 19 July 1941), best known by his screen name Nadeem  (Urdu: ندیم ), is a Pakistani actor, singer, and producer. He has appeared in over two hundred films during his 56-year-long career. He has also been honored with the Pride of Performance award in 1997. He has also won a record 16 Nigar Awards as an actor. He also produced two movies, Mitti Ke Putlay (1974), which won the Lenin Prize in the USSR, and Mukhra (1988), a romantic-comedy Punjabi film.
WNJH
WNJH (105.5 MHz) is a non-commercial educational FM radio station licensed to Cape May Court House, New Jersey. The station is owned by The Bridge of Hope, Inc. and it simulcasts the Christian adult contemporary radio format of sister station 88.7 WKNZ Harrington. The studios and offices are in Milford, Delaware.

WNJH has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 3,300 watts. The transmitter is on Court House South Dennis Road in Middle Township, New Jersey.

WKNZ
WKNZ (88.7 FM) is a non-commercial educational broadcast radio station licensed to Harrington, Delaware, United States. WKNZ is owned and operated by The Bridge of Hope, Inc.  WKNZ programming can also be heard on WNJB-FM in Bridgeton, New Jersey; WNJH in Cape May, New Jersey; WNKZ-FM in Pocomoke City, Maryland; and on FM translators on 100.1 (W261AE) in Templeville, Maryland, and on 94.9 (W235DD) in Ocean City, Maryland.
Otta (river)
Otta is a river in Innlandet county, Norway. The 147.85-kilometre (91.87 mi) river flows through the Ottadalen valley which includes the municipalities of Skjåk, Lom, Vågå, and Sel. The watershed of the Otta drains an area of 4,172 square kilometres (1,611 sq mi) beginning in the Breheimen mountains and emptying into the large river Gudbrandsdalslågen. The Otta River is known for rafting. The rafting season begins in mid-May and lasts until the end of September. The Norwegian National Road 15 runs along the river for almost its entire course.

Ottadalen
Ottadalen (English: Otta Valley) is a valley in the municipalities of Skjåk, Lom, Vågå, and Sel in Innlandet county, Norway.

The Otta River flows through the valley. The Otta River begins in the municipality of Skjåk and flows into lake Vågåvatnet. Exiting Vågåvatnet at Vågåmo, it continues its journey through the valley, leaving the municipality of Vågå to meet the Gudbrandsdalslågen river at the town of Otta in Sel Municipality.

Reinheimen National Park, which consists of much of the Tafjordfjella mountain range, includes the reindeer habitat in the northern part of the Ottadalen valley.
De Bello Africo
De Bello Africo (also  Bellum Africum; On the African War) is a Latin work continuing Julius Caesar's accounts of his campaigns, De Bello Gallico and De Bello Civili, and its sequel by an unknown author De Bello Alexandrino. It details Caesar's campaigns against his Republican enemies in the province of Africa.

De Bello Alexandrino
De Bello Alexandrino (also  Bellum Alexandrinum; On the Alexandrine War) is a Latin work continuing Julius Caesar's commentaries, De Bello Gallico and De Bello Civili. It details Caesar's campaigns in Alexandria and Asia.
Short-time Fourier transform
The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is a Fourier-related transform used to determine the sinusoidal frequency and phase content of local sections of a signal as it changes over time. In practice, the procedure for computing STFTs is to divide a longer time signal into shorter segments of equal length and then compute the Fourier transform separately on each shorter segment. This reveals the Fourier spectrum on each shorter segment.  One then usually plots the changing spectra as a function of time, known as a spectrogram or waterfall plot, such as commonly used in software defined radio (SDR) based spectrum displays. Full bandwidth displays covering the whole range of an SDR commonly use fast Fourier transforms (FFTs).

Spectrogram
A spectrogram is a visual representation of the spectrum of frequencies of a signal as it varies with time. 
When applied to an audio signal, spectrograms are sometimes called sonographs, voiceprints, or voicegrams. When the data are represented in a 3D plot they may be called waterfall displays.

Spectrograms are used extensively in the fields of music, linguistics, sonar, radar, speech processing, seismology, ornithology, and others. Spectrograms of audio can be used to identify spoken words phonetically, and to analyse the various calls of animals.

A spectrogram can be generated by an optical spectrometer, a bank of band-pass filters, by Fourier transform or by a wavelet transform (in which case it is also known as a scaleogram or scalogram).

A spectrogram is usually depicted as a heat map, i.e., as an image with the intensity shown by varying the colour or brightness.
Lesser Festival (Anglicanism)
Lesser Festivals are a type of observance in the Anglican Communion, including the Church of England, considered to be less significant than a Principal Feast, Principal Holy Day, or Festival, but more significant than a Commemoration. Whereas Principal Feasts must be celebrated, it is not obligatory to observe Lesser Festivals. They are always attached to a calendar date, and are not observed if they fall on a Sunday, in Holy Week, or in Easter Week. In Common Worship each Lesser Festival is provided with a collect and an indication of liturgical colour.

Commemoration (Anglicanism)
Commemorations are a type of religious observance in the many Churches of the Anglican Communion, including the Church of England. They are the least significant type of observance, the others being Principal Feasts, Principal Holy Days, Festivals, and Lesser Festivals. Whereas Principal Feasts must be celebrated, it is not obligatory to observe Commemorations. They are always attached to a calendar date, and are not observed if they fall on a Sunday, in Holy Week, or in Easter Week. In Common Worship Commemorations are not provided with collects or indications of liturgical colour. However, they may be celebrated as Lesser Festivals if local pastoral conditions suggest it.
South Bend–Mishawaka metropolitan area
The South Bend–Mishawaka Metropolitan Statistical Area, sometimes referred to as Michiana, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties – one in northern Indiana (St. Joseph) and one in southwest Michigan (Cass), anchored by the cities of South Bend and Mishawaka in Indiana. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 319,224 (though a July 1, 2019 estimate placed the population at 318,192).

St. Joseph County, Indiana
St. Joseph County, colloquially called St. Joe County by residents, is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 272,912, making it the fifth-most populous county in Indiana. Formed in 1830, it was named for the St. Joseph River which flows through it to Lake Michigan. The county seat is South Bend. St. Joseph County is part of the South Bend–Mishawaka, IN–MI "Michiana", Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Hypromellose
Hypromellose (INN), short for hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), is a semisynthetic, inert, viscoelastic polymer used in eye drops, as well as an excipient and controlled-delivery component in oral medicaments, found in a variety of commercial products.

As a food additive, hypromellose is an emulsifier, thickening and suspending agent, and an alternative to animal gelatin. Its Codex Alimentarius code (E number) is E464.

Excipient
An excipient or inactive ingredient is a substance formulated alongside the active ingredient of a medication. They enhance the active ingredient's therapeutic properties; to facilitate drug absorption, to modify viscosity, to enhance solubility, to improve long-term stabilization (preventing denaturation and aggregation during the expected shelf life). During the manufacturing process, excipients can improve the handling of active substances and facilitate powder flow. The choice of excipients depends on factors such as the intended route of administration, the dosage form, and compatibility with the active ingredient.

Virtually all marketed drugs contain excipients, and final drug formulations commonly contain more excipient than active ingredient.  Pharmaceutical regulations and standards mandate the identification and safety assessment of all ingredients in drugs, including their chemical decomposition products.
Reason Studios
Reason Studios (formerly known as Propellerhead Software) is a music software company, based in Stockholm, Sweden. Founded in 1994, it develops the studio emulation digital audio workstation, audio plug-in, and virtual instrument software Reason.

Reason (software)
Reason is a digital audio workstation and audio plug-in developed by the Swedish company Reason Studios (formerly known as Propellerhead Software) for macOS and Windows. The first version was released in 2000.
E. Parry Thomas
Edward Parry Thomas (June 29, 1921 – August 26, 2016) was an American banker who helped finance the development of the casino industry of Las Vegas, Nevada. Along with his business partner, Jerome D. Mack, he is credited with building Las Vegas into what it is today.

Jerome D. Mack
Jerome D. Mack (a.k.a. Jerry Mack) (November 6, 1920 – September 26, 1998) was an American banker, real estate investor, political fundraiser and philanthropist in Las Vegas, Nevada. He was the founder and president of the Bank of Las Vegas and, later, the Valley Bank. He was the president of the Riviera casino as well as director of the Four Queens and Dunes casinos. He was a major fundraiser for the Nevada Democratic Party and active in Jewish philanthropy both in Las Vegas and Israel. He was one of the founders of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV).
The Vine (bus rapid transit)
The Vine is a bus rapid transit (BRT) system operated by C-Tran in Vancouver, Washington, United States. As of 2026, it has two completed lines and one currently under construction. The Green Line, which runs along Fourth Plain Boulevard from downtown Vancouver to the Vancouver Mall, opened on January 8, 2017. The Red Line, which runs along Mill Plain Boulevard from downtown Vancouver to the eastern suburbs of the city, opened on October 1, 2023. Both lines replaced existing bus routes and operate with articulated buses.

A third line, the Purple Line, is under construction, planned to serve the Old Highway 99 corridor between downtown Vancouver and the Washington State University Vancouver campus in Salmon Creek and is scheduled to be completed and open in 2027. An extension of the Green Line to serve the eastern suburbs is planned to open in 2028.

Red Line (The Vine)
The Red Line, also known as The Vine on Mill Plain, is a bus rapid transit (BRT) line in Vancouver, Washington, United States, operated by C-Tran as part of The Vine. The 10-mile (16 km) route runs from 7th Street at Turtle Place in downtown Vancouver to Mill Plain Transit Center via Mill Plain Boulevard.

Groundbreaking for the Mill Plain BRT project took place on September 28, 2021. A ceremonial ribbon-cutting took place on September 30, 2023, and the line opened for regular service on October 1, 2023. The new line replaced C-Tran Route 37 and features offboard fare payment and near-level boarding.