hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anatol Arapu
Anatol Arapu (born 27 November 1962) is a Moldovan economist, who served as Minister of Finances of Moldova from 14 August 2013 to January 2016, in three consecutive cabinets: Leancă Cabinet, Gaburici Cabinet, and Streleț Cabinet. He also was Minister of Finances in the 1990s, in Ciubuc-2 Cabinet (22 May 1998 - 17 February 1999) and in Sturza Cabinet (12 March - 12 November 1999).

Ministry of Finance (Moldova)
The Ministry of Finance (Romanian: Ministerul Finanțelor) is one of the fourteen ministries of the Government of Moldova. It is the central specialized body of public administration, which develops and promotes the unique policy of training and managing public finances, applying financial levers in line with the requirements of the market economy. In its activity, the Ministry of Finance is governed by the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova, the laws of the Republic, the decrees of the President of the Republic of Moldova, the resolutions of the Parliament, the ordinances, the decisions and the provisions of the Cabinet of Moldova.
Darren Zack
Darren Zack (born 1960 in Garden River, Ontario, Canada), also known by his nickname "Z-MAN" is a fastpitch softball player. Zack is an Ojibwa softball player and he has set records at every level, pitching the most wins, strikeouts and consecutive scoreless innings, and capturing three gold medals at the Pan Am Games. Zack conducts pitching clinics throughout North America, encouraging community involvement in the sport.

Zack currently lives in the Garden River First Nation Reserve with his wife Charlotte and their children. Zack has 5 children, Sean Dolan, Jon Dolan, late William, Molli Zack and Darren Junior. Sean has 2 sons, Lewis and James and DarrenJr has a daughter and 4 sons. Nahla, Kovu, Leo, Kion and Rio. thus Darren has seven grandchildren. Zack's culture and spirituality is important to him, specifically the teachings of the tobacco.

Zack had a book released about him in 2010, called Z-Man Darren Zack, which chronicles his career.

Garden River First Nation
Garden River First Nation, also known as Ketegaunseebee (Gitigaan-ziibi Anishinaabe in the Ojibwe language), is an Ojibwa band located at Garden River 14 near Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada.

The Garden River reserve consists of two non-contiguous areas, totalling 20,703.5 hectares (51,159 acres). The larger, main area is located along the St. Marys River and Highway 17. The Garden River runs through the reserve as a tributary of the St. Marys River. It is bordered by the Unorganized North Algoma District, Macdonald, Meredith and Aberdeen Additional, the city of Sault Ste. Marie, the Rankin Location Indian reserve, and Sugar Island Township, Michigan, USA.

Garden River First Nation is governed by a band council consisting of a chief and 8 councillors. Council elections are held biannually. The current chief is Karen Bell.
True Reformer Building
The True Reformer Building is an historic building constructed for the Grand United Order of True Reformers, an African American organization founded by William Washington Browne. The building is at 1200 U Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C. in the U Street Corridor (Cardozo/Shaw) neighborhood. It was designed by John Anderson Lankford. The building was commissioned by the Grand United Order of True Reformers in 1902. It was dedicated on July 15, 1903.

Grand United Order of True Reformers
Grand United Order of True Reformers was an African-American fraternal organization founded in 1873 in Alabama and Kentucky. Originally managed by deputies of the all-white, pro-temperance organization, the Independent Order of Good Templars, the Grand Fountain of the United Order of True Reformers, or the True Reformers, was re-organized  c. 1875 by William Washington Browne in Richmond, Virginia.  This organization existed as a business and a mutual-aid society during the era of Jim Crow segregation laws, and it supported the growing African-American middle class through economic opportunities and education, before its closure in 1934.
Fairview Wine and Cheese
Fairview Wine and Cheese farm is a South African producer of wines and cheeses based in the Paarl region of the Western Cape province. It is owned and run by Charles Back, who also owns The Goats do Roam Wine Company and The Spice Route Winery.

Charles Back
Charles Louis Back is the third-generation owner of South African wine and cheese producer Fairview, in Paarl in the Western Cape province. Fairview Estate is a third-generation family-owned farm, located on the slopes of the Paarl Mountain in the winelands of the Western Cape.
Trinity College, Kandy
Trinity College, Kandy is a private Anglican boys' school located in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It offers both day and boarding facilities. It was founded in 1872 by British Anglican missionaries of the Church Missionary Society, modelled on British public school tradition. Trinity offers primary and secondary education and is managed by the Anglican Church of Ceylon.

Kingswood College, Kandy
Kingswood College, Kandy (Sinhala: කිංග්ස්වුඩ් විද්‍යාලය) is a public day and boarding school for boys in Kandy, Sri Lanka. The school educates over 3,500 students from primary to secondary levels and is staffed by more than 300 faculty members. It was founded by Louis Edmund Blaze on 4 May 1891 with the aim of providing education grounded in Methodist principles.

Initially opened with just eleven students at Pavilion Street, the school later relocated to Randles Hill. It is one of the oldest schools in Kandy and is commonly known as KCK.
Duchy of Spoleto
42°44′N 12°44′E﻿ / ﻿42.733°N 12.733°E﻿ / 42.733; 12.733

The Duchy of Spoleto (Latin: Ducatus Spolitanorum) was a Lombard territory founded about 570 in central Italy by the Lombard dux Faroald. Its capital was the city of Spoleto.

Spoleto
42°45′23″N 12°41′08″E﻿ / ﻿42.7564791°N 12.68547°E﻿ / 42.7564791; 12.68547
Spoleto (/spəˈleɪtoʊ/, also US: /spoʊˈleɪtoʊ, spoʊˈliːtoʊ/, UK: /spoʊˈlɛtoʊ/, Italian: [spoˈleːto]; Latin: Spoletium) is an ancient city in the Italian province of Perugia in east-central Umbria on a foothill of the Apennines. It is 20 km (12 mi) south of Trevi, 29 km (18 mi) north of Terni, 63 km (39 mi) southeast of Perugia; 212 km (132 mi) southeast of Florence; and 126 km (78 mi) north of Rome.
Hoshu Sheedi
General Hosh Muhammad Sheedi Qambrani or Hoshu Sheedi (Sindhi: هوش محمد شيدي قمبراڻي‎) was an Askari unit, and also supreme commander of Sindh's Talpur army led by Mir Sher Muhammad Khan Talpur. Hoshu Sheedi fought at the Battle of Hyderabad against the British forces under Sir Charles James Napier, and was killed during battle on 24 March 1843. Before his death in the Battle of Hyderabad, he called out the famous slogan:

مرويسون پر سنڌ نه ڏيسون‎
Marvesoon par Sindh na desoon
(We will die but we will not give Sindh)— Hoshu Sheedi, War Slogan against British

Hosh Muhammad was respected by the British commanding officer, Sir Charles James Napier, who buried him with full military honours.

Charles Napier (British Army officer, born 1782)
General Sir Charles James Napier, GCB (/ˈneɪ.pi.ər/ NAY-pee-ər; 10 August 1782 – 29 August 1853) was an officer and veteran of the British Army's Peninsular and 1812 campaigns, and later a major general of the Bombay Army, during which period he led the British military conquest of Sindh, before serving as the governor of Sindh, and Commander-in-Chief in India.
Seagrove, North Carolina
Seagrove is a town in Randolph County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Seagrove had a population of 235. It was named after a railroad official when the area was connected by rail. In 2020, the center of population of North Carolina was located east of Seagrove.

In this usage, the name Seagrove not only refers to the town proper, but also includes several other communities that are part of the pottery tradition along and near the "North Carolina Pottery Highway" (NC 705). Over 100 potteries are located in Seagrove and the neighboring towns of Robbins and Star. This also includes the unincorporated communities of Erect, Happy Hollow, Westmoore and Whynot. Seagrove is also home to the North Carolina Pottery Center, which was established on November 7, 1998, and has since received visitors from across the continent and around the world.

North Carolina Highway 705
North Carolina Highway 705 (NC 705) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina.  The route is marked as the Pottery Highway or Pottery Road and as a North Carolina Scenic Byway due to the large number of potters in and surrounding Seagrove.
Stand Back! Here Comes Charley Musselwhite's Southside Band
Stand Back! Here Comes Charley Musselwhite's South Side Band is the 1967 debut album of American blues-harp musician Charlie Musselwhite, leading Charlie Musselwhite's Southside Band. The Vanguard Records release brought Musselwhite to notability among blues musicians . With rough vocals and notable performances on harmonica, guitar and bass guitar, the album was critically well received. It introduced Musselwhite's signature song, his cover of Duke Pearson's "Cristo Redemptor".

Charlie Musselwhite
Charles Douglas Musselwhite (born January 31, 1944) is an American blues harmonica player and bandleader who came to prominence, along with Mike Bloomfield, Paul Butterfield, and Elvin Bishop, as a pivotal figure in helping to revive the Chicago Blues movement of the 1960s. He has often been identified as a "white bluesman".

Musselwhite was reportedly the inspiration for Elwood Blues, the character played by Dan Aykroyd in the 1980 film, The Blues Brothers.
Apepi
Apepi (Greek Apophis) was a Hyksos ruler of Lower Egypt during the Fifteenth Dynasty and the late Second Intermediate Period. He can be archaeologically associated with Tell el-Daba Stratum D/3 and the Middle Bronze IIC in the Southern Levant.

According to the Turin Canon of Kings, he reigned over the northern portion of Egypt for forty years during the early half of the 16th century BC. Although officially only in control of the Lower Kingdom, Apepi in practice dominated the majority of Egypt during the early portion of his reign. He outlived his southern rival, Kamose, but not Ahmose I.

Kamose
Kamose was the last king of the Theban Seventeenth Dynasty at the end of the Second Intermediate Period. Kamose is usually ascribed a reign of three years (his highest attested regnal year), although some scholars now favor giving him a longer reign of approximately five years.

He was the son of Seqenenre Tao and the brother of Ahmose I, founder of the Eighteenth Dynasty. His mother is unknown, but is thought to be Ahhotep I. His reign is important for the decisive military initiatives he took against the Hyksos, who had come to rule much of Ancient Egypt. His father had begun the initiatives and lost his life in battle with the Hyksos. It is thought that his mother, as regent, continued the campaigns after the death of Kamose, and that his full brother made the final conquest of them and united all of Egypt.
Tyrrhenus Mons
Tyrrhenus Mons, formerly Tyrrhena Mons or Tyrrhena Patera, is a large volcano in the Mare Tyrrhenum quadrangle of Mars, located at 21.36° south latitude and 253.47° west longitude. The name "Tyrrhena Patera" now refers only to the central depression, a volcanic crater or caldera. It was named after a classical albedo feature name.  Pit chains are found at the summit of Tyrrhenus Mons.  They are formed by collapse of material into underground voids.  Since they form chains and concentric fractures that are aligned, they are probably caused by extension of the surface.  Volcanic processes made the crust pull apart.  Voids were formed, then material fell into them, leaving holes.  It is one of the oldest volcanoes on Mars. As a consequence of its old age, Tyrrhenus Mons has many radiating gullies on its slope.  When it was formed, magma may have gone through frozen ground and then erupted as easily eroded ash, instead of lava flows.

Mare Tyrrhenum quadrangle
The Mare Tyrrhenum quadrangle is one of a series of 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Astrogeology Research Program. This quadrangle is also referred to as MC-22 (Mars Chart-22).  It contains parts of the regions Tyrrhena Terra, Hesperia Planum, and Terra Cimmeria.

The Mare Tyrrhenum quadrangle covers the area from 225° to 270° west longitude and 0° to 30° south latitude on Mars. Schiaparelli named the area after Earth's Tyrrhenian Sea, which lies between Italy and Sicily. The region was subsequently renamed to Mare Tyrrhena after spacecraft photos revealed that it is an old, cratered plain rather than a sea. It contains the large volcano Tyrrhenus Mons, one of the oldest, and perhaps the most complex volcanoes on Mars. Mare Tyrrhenum's largest crater is Herschel. Licus Vallis and the Ausonia Montes are other major features in the region.
Arthur O'Connell
Arthur Joseph O'Connell (March 29, 1908 – May 18, 1981) was an American stage, film and television actor, who achieved prominence in character roles in the 1950s. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for both Picnic (1955) and Anatomy of a Murder (1959).

Picnic (1955 film)
Picnic is a 1955 American romantic comedy-drama film adapted from William Inge's 1953 Pulitzer Prize-winning play of the same name. Joshua Logan, director of the original Broadway stage production, directed the film version, which stars William Holden, Kim Novak, and Rosalind Russell, with Susan Strasberg and Cliff Robertson in supporting roles. It was adapted for the screen by Daniel Taradash. Picnic was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture, and won two.

The film dramatizes 24 hours in the life of a small Kansas town in the mid-20th century during the Labor Day holiday. It is the story of an outsider whose appearance disrupts and rearranges the lives of those whom he encounters.
Scotty Moore
Winfield Scott Moore III (December 27, 1931 – June 28, 2016) was an American guitarist who formed the Blue Moon Boys in 1954, Elvis Presley's backing band. He was studio and touring guitarist for Presley between 1954 and 1968.

Rock critic Dave Marsh credits Moore with inventing power chords, on the 1957 Elvis hit "Jailhouse Rock". Moore was ranked 29th in Rolling Stone magazine's list of 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time in 2011. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2000, the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in 2007, and the Memphis Music Hall of Fame in 2015. The Rolling Stones' guitarist Keith Richards said of Moore:

When I heard "Heartbreak Hotel", I knew what I wanted to do in life. It was as plain as day. All I wanted to do in the world was to be able to play and sound like the way Scotty Moore did. Everyone wanted to be Elvis, I wanted to be Scotty.

Jailhouse Rock (song)
"Jailhouse Rock" is a rock and roll song recorded by American singer Elvis Presley for the film of the same name. It was written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. RCA Victor released the song on a 45 rpm single on September 24, 1957, and as a 78 rpm single in the UK, as the first single from the film's soundtrack EP. It reached the top of the charts in the U.S. and the top 10 in several other countries. The song has been recognized by the Grammy Hall of Fame, the American Film Institute, and others.
Döğer (tribe)
Tüger, Döğer, Dogar or Deogers (Azerbaijani: Dögərlər, Turkish: Döğer boyu, Turkmen: Tüwer taýpasy) was one of the 24 Oghuz tribes from the Bozok wing, the tribe of Ay Khan. According to Mahmud Kashgari, it was the eighteenth biggest tribe among the Oghuz tribes. The Turkoman dynasty of Artuqids, which ruled the Beylik of same name, originated from the tribe of Döger.

Artuqids
The Artuqid dynasty (alternatively Artukid, Ortoqid, or Ortokid; Old Anatolian Turkish: أرتقي بيليك, Turkish: Artuklu Beyliği, Artuklular, pl. Artukoğulları) was established in 1102 as a Turkish principality of the Seljuk Empire. It formed a Turkoman dynasty rooted in the Oghuz Döğer tribe, and followed the Sunni Muslim faith. It ruled in Northern Syria and Upper Mesopotamia in the eleventh through thirteenth centuries. The Artuqid dynasty took its name from its founder, Artuk Bey, who was a member of Döger branch of the Oghuz Turks and ruled one of the Turkmen principalities of the Seljuk Empire. Artuk's sons and descendants ruled the three branches in the region: Sökmen's descendants ruled the region around Hasankeyf between 1102 and 1231; Ilghazi's branch ruled from Mardin and Mayyafariqin between 1106 and 1186 (until 1409 as vassals) and Aleppo from 1117–1128; and the Harput line starting in 1112 under the Sökmen branch, and was independent between 1185 and 1233.
Amanda Gailey
Amanda A. Gailey (born March 24, 1976) is an American academic and political activist. She is an associate professor of English at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. Gailey authored Proofs of Genius in 2015.

Proofs of Genius
Proofs of Genius: Collected Editions From the American Revolution to the Digital Age is a 2015 book by Amanda Gailey. The book explores collected editions and how they impact American literature and the cultural landscape. Gailey is an associate professor in the English department at University of Nebraska–Lincoln.
Richard Sorge
Richard Gustavovich Sorge (Russian: Рихард Густавович Зорге, romanized: Rikhard Gustavovich Zorge; 4 October 1895 – 7 November 1944) was a German-Russian journalist and Soviet military intelligence officer who was active before and during World War II and worked undercover as a German journalist in both Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. His codename was "Ramsay" (Рамза́й).

Sorge is known for his service in Japan in 1940 and 1941, when he provided information about Adolf Hitler's plan to attack the Soviet Union. Then, in mid-September 1941, he informed the Soviets that Japan would not attack the Soviet Union in the near future. A month later, Sorge was arrested in Japan for espionage. He was tortured, forced to confess, tried and hanged in November 1944.  Stalin declined to intervene on his behalf with the Japanese.

He was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union in 1964.

GRU (Soviet Union)
Main Intelligence Directorate (Russian: Главное разведывательное управление, romanized: Glavnoye razvedyvatel'noye upravleniye, IPA: [ˈglavnəjə rɐzˈvʲɛdɨvətʲɪlʲnəjə ʊprɐˈvlʲenʲɪjə]), abbreviated GRU (Russian: ГРУ, IPA: [ɡɨ̞‿rɨ̞‿ˈu], [gru]), was the foreign military intelligence agency of the General Staff of the Soviet Armed Forces until 1991. For a few months it was also the foreign military intelligence agency of the newly established Russian Federation until 7 May 1992 when it was dissolved and the Russian GRU took over its activities.
Sela Pass
The Sela Pass (Tibetan: གཟེ་ལ།) (more appropriately called Se La, as La means Pass in Tibetan language) is a high-altitude mountain pass located on the border between the Tawang and West Kameng districts in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It has an elevation of 4170 m (13,700 ft) and connects the Indian Buddhist town of Tawang to Dirang and Guwahati.  The pass carries the National Highway 13 (previously NH 229), connecting Tawang with the rest of India. The pass supports scarce amounts of vegetation and is usually snow-covered to some extent throughout the year. Sela Lake, near the summit of the pass, is one of approximately 101 lakes in the area that are sacred in Tibetan Buddhism. While Sela Pass does get heavy snowfall in winters, it is usually open throughout the year unless landslides or snow require the pass to be shut down temporarily. Sela pass is one of the highest motorable mountain passes in the world

Tawang district
Tawang district (Pron:/tɑ:ˈwæŋ or təˈwæŋ/) is a district of the Arunachal Pradesh state in northeastern India. It is the smallest of 26 districts of Arunachal Pradesh by land area, and has a population of 49,977 people. The district headquarters is the Tawang town with its historical monastery. The district borders the Tibet region of China in the north, Bhutan in the west, and the West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh in the south.
× Ascocenda
× Ascocenda, abbreviated as Ascda in the horticultural trade, was a human-made hybrid orchid genus resulting from a cross between the former genus Ascocentrum and Vanda (Asctm × V). It was first described in Orchid Rev. 57: 172 (1949). Ascocentrum is now synonymous with Vanda, so the name is obsolete. Hybrids in the nothogenus × Ascocenda are now properly termed Vanda.

× Ascocenda hybrids are common in cultivation with numerous cultivars and often combine the large flower size of the Vanda parents with the color and compactness of the Ascocentrum parents.

They are evergreen compact epiphytes with upright, narrow, oviform leaves. The inflorescence is an axillary cluster with 6 to 8 open flowers. They bloom twice or sometimes three times a year with long lasting flowers. The flowers are brightly colored, often overlaid with contrasting colors.

Vanda
Vanda, abbreviated in the horticultural trade as V., is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are 90 species,  and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among the most specifically adapted of all orchids within the Orchidaceae. The genus is highly prized in horticulture for its showy, fragrant, long-lasting, and intensely colorful flowers. Vanda species are widespread across East Asia, Southeast Asia, and New Guinea, with a few species extending into Queensland and some of the islands of the western Pacific.
Hamgyong line
The Hamgyeong line was a railway line of the Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu) in Japanese-occupied Korea, running from Wonsan to Sangsambong. Construction began in 1914, and was completed in 1928. The line is now entirely within North Korea; the Korean State Railway has divided it between the Kangwŏn Line (Wonsan−Kowon section), the P'yŏngra Line (Kowon−Cheongjin section), the Kangdŏk Line (Namgangdŏk−Suseong), and the Hambuk Line (Chongjin−Sangsambong section).

Kangdok Line
The Kangdŏk Line is an electrified standard-gauge secondary line of the North Korean State Railway running from Namgangdŏk on the P'yŏngra Line to Susŏng on the Hambuk Line.

Ch'ŏngjin Choch'ajang, Ch'ŏngjin's large marshalling yard, is located on this line.
4 ft 6 in gauge railway
The 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm) track gauge, also called the Scotch gauge, was adopted by early 19th century railways mainly in the Lanarkshire area of Scotland. It differed from the gauge of 4 ft 8 in (1,422 mm) that was used on some early lines in England. Early railways chose their own gauge, but later in the century interchange of equipment was facilitated by establishing a uniform rail gauge across railways: the 'standard gauge' of 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm). In the early 1840s standard gauge lines began to be constructed in Scotland, and all the Scotch gauge lines were eventually converted to standard gauge. The building of new Scotch gauge railways was outlawed in Great Britain in 1846 by the Regulating the Gauge of Railways Act 1846. From 1903, tram lines of Tokyo adopted this gauge.

Tokyo Toden
The Tokyo Toden (東京都電, Tōkyō Toden) or simply Toden, is the tram network of Tokyo, Japan. Of all its former routes, only one, the Tokyo Sakura Tram, remains in service. The Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation operates the Toden. The formal legal name is Tokyo-to Densha. Its nickname, "Toden," distinguished it from the "Kokuden" (the Japanese National Railways electrified lines).

The network had a track gauge of 1,372 mm (4 ft 6 in), except for the former Seibu Railway lines which were 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in). Today the Toden has 30 stops, running from Minowabashi Station to Waseda Station.