hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reginald Maudling
Reginald Maudling (7 March 1917 – 14 February 1979) was a British politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1962 to 1964 and as Home Secretary from 1970 to 1972. From 1955 until the late 1960s, he was spoken of as a prospective Conservative leader, and he was twice seriously considered for the post; he was Edward Heath's chief rival in 1965. He also held directorships in several British financial firms.

As Home Secretary, he was responsible for the UK Government's Northern Ireland policy during the period that included Bloody Sunday. In July 1972, he resigned as Home Secretary due to an unrelated scandal in one of the companies of which he was director.

1965 Conservative Party leadership election
The 1965 Conservative Party leadership election was held in July 1965 to elect Alec Douglas-Home's successor as Leader of the Conservative Party. Edward Heath, the Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer, was elected with 50.4 per cent of the vote, defeating Reginald Maudling, the Shadow Foreign Secretary on 44.6 per cent.

It was the first formal leadership election to be held by the Parliamentary Conservative Party. Previous leaders had emerged through a consultation process, but this procedure had fallen into disrepute following the manoeuvrings over the leadership at the 1963 party conference which had led to the appointment of Douglas-Home, who at the time was a hereditary peer in the House of Lords and not an elected member of Parliament. The plans for how the election would work were published in February 1965, and agreed upon by the parliamentary party thereafter.
Battle of Guoloph
The Battle of Guoloph, also known as the Battle of Wallop, took place in the 5th century. Various dates have been put forward: 440 AD by Alfred Anscombe, 437 AD according to John Morris, and 458 by Nikolai Tolstoy. It took place at what is now Nether Wallop, 15 kilometres southeast of Amesbury, in the district of Test Valley, northeastern Hampshire.51°07′39″N 1°34′10″W﻿ / ﻿51.127440°N 1.569520°W﻿ / 51.127440; -1.569520 The battle was an internal conflict between the rival Britonnic forces of Ambrosius Aurelianus and Vortigern (Vitalinus).

Ambrosius Aurelianus
Ambrosius Aurelianus (Welsh: Emrys Wledig; Anglicised as Ambrose Aurelian and called  Aurelius Ambrosius in the Historia Regum Britanniae and elsewhere) was a war leader of the Romano-British who won an important battle against the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century, according to Gildas. He also appeared independently in the legends of the Britons, beginning with the 9th-century Historia Brittonum. Eventually, he was transformed by Geoffrey of Monmouth into the uncle of King Arthur, the brother of Arthur's father Uther Pendragon, as a ruler who precedes and predeceases them both. He also appears as a young prophet who meets the tyrant Vortigern; in this guise, he was later transformed into the wizard Merlin.
GI Underground Press
The GI Underground Press was an underground press movement that emerged among the United States military during the Vietnam War. These were newspapers and newsletters produced without official military approval or acceptance; often furtively distributed under the eyes of "the brass". They were overwhelmingly antiwar and most were anti-military, which tended to infuriate the military command and often resulted in swift retaliation and punishment. Mainly written by rank-and-file active duty or recently discharged GIs, AWOLs and deserters, these publications were intended for their peers and spoke the language and aired the complaints of their audience. They became an integral and powerful element of the larger antiwar, radical and revolutionary movements during those years.: 54–8wa  This is a history largely ignored and even hidden in the retelling of the U.S. military's role in the Vietnam War.

Vietnam Veterans Against the War
Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW) is an American non-profit organization and corporation founded in 1967 to oppose the United States policy and participation in the Vietnam War. VVAW is a national veterans' organization that campaigns for peace, justice, and the rights of all United States military veterans. It publishes a twice-yearly newsletter, The Veteran; this was earlier published more frequently as 1st Casualty (1971–1972) and then as Winter Soldier (1973–1975).

VVAW identifies as anti-war and has roots in the 1960s civil rights movement, though its members are not necessarily pacifists or civil rights activists. Membership has varied greatly, from almost 25,000 veterans during the height of the war to fewer than 2,000 since the late 20th century. The VVAW is widely considered to be among the most influential anti-war organizations of the American Vietnam War era.
Gautam Thapar
Gautam Thapar (born 7 December 1960) is an Indian businessman who is the chairman of Avantha Group and a member of the Thapar family. Thapar was noted as an industrialist; however, in 2019, he faced allegations of financial fraud which negatively impacted his businesses and included Thapar losing control of his largest company.

Avantha Group
Avantha Group is an Indian business conglomerate. Its businesses include power generation and distribution, power transmission and distribution equipment and services, paper and pulp, farm forestry, and infrastructure.
Sonic & Sega All-Stars Racing
Sonic & Sega All-Stars Racing is a 2010 kart racing video game developed by Sumo Digital and published by Sega. It was released for Wii, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Nintendo DS, and Windows, featuring characters from multiple Sega franchises. The game is the third title in the Sega All-Stars series, preceded by Sega Superstars Tennis. A mobile version was developed by Gameloft, and released for iOS in June 2011, as a paid download. A version for OS X was released by Feral Interactive in April 2013.

The game received mostly positive reviews from critics. A sequel, Sonic & All-Stars Racing Transformed, was released in 2012, featuring more characters and representing a wide-variety of Sega-owned franchises.

Billy Hatcher and the Giant Egg
Billy Hatcher and the Giant Egg is a platform game developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega for the GameCube in 2003. A port for Microsoft Windows was released in Europe in 2006 by Mindscape. The game received mixed reviews.
Broken Lives
Broken Lives is a 1998 non-fiction book written by Estelle Blackburn. The book is about the false imprisonment of John Button and Darryl Beamish, who were both convicted of murders committed by serial killer Eric Cooke.

The book led to re-opening the cases of both Button and Beamish and quashing their long-standing convictions.

Eric Edgar Cooke
Eric Edgar Cooke (25 February 1931 – 26 October 1964), nicknamed the Night Caller and later the Nedlands Monster, was an Australian serial killer who terrorised the city of Perth, Western Australia, from September 1958 to August 1963. Cooke committed at least 20 violent crimes, eight of which resulted in deaths.

Following a four-year killing spree, Cooke was eventually arrested and made extensive admissions to his crimes, including two of which Darryl Beamish and John Button had been wrongfully convicted. In the Supreme Court of Western Australia the jury rejected an insanity defence and he was convicted of wilful murder. Cooke was sentenced to death and hanged at Fremantle Prison. He was the last person to be executed in Western Australia.
Matt Jefferies
Walter Matthew Jefferies (August 12, 1921 – July 21, 2003) was an American aviation and mechanical artist, set designer, and writer. He is best known for his work on the original Star Trek television series, where he designed many of the sets and props, including the original Starship Enterprise, and the bridge and sick bay.

Starship Enterprise
Enterprise or USS Enterprise, often referred to as the Starship Enterprise, is the name of several spacecraft in the Star Trek science fiction franchise.

The Enterprise made for the original Star Trek television series has been called an iconic design, and it influenced subsequent spacecraft in and outside the franchise. Several vessels named Enterprise have been the main setting for various Star Trek spinoff series and films.
COX20
Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor COX20 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COX20 gene. This gene encodes a protein that plays a role in the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase, an important component of the respiratory pathway. Mutations in this gene can cause mitochondrial complex IV deficiency. There are multiple pseudogenes for this gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Cytochrome c oxidase
The enzyme cytochrome c oxidase or Complex IV (was EC 1.9.3.1, now reclassified as a translocase EC 7.1.1.9) is a large transmembrane protein complex found in bacteria, archaea, and the mitochondria of eukaryotes.

It is the last enzyme in the respiratory electron transport chain of cells located in the membrane. It receives an electron from each of four cytochrome c proteins and transfers them to one oxygen molecule and four protons, producing two molecules of water. In addition to binding the four protons from the inner aqueous phase, it transports another four protons across the membrane, increasing the transmembrane difference of proton electrochemical potential, which the ATP synthase then uses to synthesize ATP.
Alain Elkann
Alain Elkann (born 23 March 1950) is an Italian novelist and journalist. Elkann is the host of cultural programs on Italian television. He is president of the Scientific Committee of the Italy–USA Foundation. A recurring theme in his books is the history of the Jews in Italy, their centrality to Italian history, and the relation between the Jewish faith and other religions. He is a writer for La Règle du Jeu, Nuovi Argomenti, A, and Shalom magazines.

Italy–USA Foundation
Italy–USA Foundation (Italian: Fondazione Italia USA) is a non-profit non-partisan organization based in Rome, Italy, established to promote friendship between Italians and Americans plus American culture in Italy.
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve
Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (French: Réserve naturelle intégrale du Mont Nimba) is a protected area and UNESCO World Heritage Site located in both Guinea and Côte d'Ivoire, extending over a total of area of 175.4 km2 (43,300 acres), with 125.4 km2 (31,000 acres) in Guinea, and 50 km2 (12,000 acres) in Côte d'Ivoire. The reserve covers significant portions of the Nimba Range, a geographically unique area with unusually rich flora and fauna, including exceptional numbers of single-site endemic species, such as Nimbaphrynoides (a genus of viviparous toads), the Nimba otter shrew, and multiple species of horseshoe bats. Its highest peak is Mount Richard-Molard at 1,752 m (5,750 ft), which is the highest peak of both countries.

Nimbaphrynoides
Nimbaphrynoides is a monotypic genus of true toads from highlands in the Mount Nimba region of the West African countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Côte d'Ivoire. The sole species is Nimbaphrynoides occidentalis. Along with Nectophrynoides, Eleutherodactylus jasperi, and Limnonectes larvaepartus, Nimbaphrynoides is one of the only anurans that combine internal fertilization with ovoviviparity.
Complement component 1q
The complement component 1q (or simply C1q) is a protein complex involved in the complement system, which is part of the innate immune system. C1q together with C1r and C1s form the C1 complex.

Antibodies of the adaptive immune system can bind antigen, forming an antigen-antibody complex. When C1q binds antigen-antibody complexes, the C1 complex becomes activated. Activation of the C1 complex initiates the classical complement pathway of the complement system. The antibodies IgM and all IgG subclasses except IgG4 are able to initiate the complement system.

C1 complex
The C1 complex (complement component 1, C1) is a protein complex involved in the complement system. It is the first component of the classical complement pathway and is composed of the subcomponents C1q, C1r and C1s.
The Final (album)
The Final is a greatest hits album released in 1986 to summarise the career of English pop duo Wham!. The album was not initially released in North America, where the album Music from the Edge of Heaven was released instead. Six songs from that album appear on this compilation. The compilation album coincided with the farewell concert of the same name on 28 June 1986, at Wembley Stadium.

The CD edition omits "Blue (Armed with Love)" and the extended mixes of "Bad Boys", "Careless Whisper" and "I'm Your Man". A deluxe edition of the album was released on CD/DVD and download in November 2011, with the DVD featuring all of Wham!'s music videos, including the video for "Young Guns (Go for It!)", "Last Christmas", and a remix version of the video for "Everything She Wants". It follows the track listing of the CD, with the exception of "Battlestations", as it was a B-side and not an official single.

The Final (concert)
The Final was the farewell concert by English pop duo Wham!. It was held at Wembley Stadium, London on Saturday 28 June 1986. A total of 72,000 people attended the event, which included support artists and special guests, such as Elton John and Simon Le Bon. The concert was preceded by the release of the greatest hits album of the same name.
Chizu Express
Chizu Express (智頭急行株式会社, Chizu kyūkō Kabushikigaisha) is a Japanese third-sector railway that connects Hyōgo, Okayama and Tottori prefectures. Chizu Express operates one line, the Chizu Line.

Unlike the majority of third-sector railway companies which operate at a loss, Chizu Express makes a profit due to the track access fees paid by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) to use the Chizu Line for its Limited Express trains Super Hakuto and Super Inaba. Net profit after tax for the 2024-2025 financial year was ¥263,580,481.

Super Hakuto
The Super Hakuto (スーパーはくと) is a limited express train service in Japan operated by the third-sector railway operator Chizu Express and West Japan Railway Company (JR West), which runs between Kyoto and Kurayoshi in Tottori Prefecture at a maximum speed of 130 kilometres per hour (81 mph).
BR-153 (Brazil highway)
BR-153 is a major federal highway of Brazil, officially named the Transbrasiliana Highway. It also serves as part of the Belém–Brasília Highway in the stretch located between the cities of Wanderlândia, in the state of Tocantins, and Anápolis, in the state of Goiás.

It crosses Brazil in a north–south direction, starting in São Domingos do Araguaia, in the state of Pará and ending in Aceguá, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul on the Brazil/Uruguay border. The highway, highly variable in quality and traffic, cuts through the states of Pará, Tocantins, Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul.

Belém–Brasília Highway
The Belém–Brasília Highway (Portuguese: Rodovia Belém–Brasília) is a set of portions of six federal highways of Brazil, of which each portion contributes to the function of connecting the Atlantic port city of Belém in the northern state of Pará and the Brazilian Federal District Brasília in the southern interior.

The Belém–Brasília Highway designation applies (between Belém and each respective city) to the following routes:

BR-316 (Santa Maria do Pará),

BR-308 (Santa Maria do Pará), and

BR-010 (Estreito).

It also applies to

BR-226 between Porto Franco and Wanderlândia,

BR-153 thence to and from Anápolis, and

BR-060 thence to and from Brasília.

In each case, the route in question extends beyond one or both of the cities that demarcate the respective stretch of the Belém–Brasília Highway, while the stretch(es) beyond lack that designation.
Attorney General's Department (Sri Lanka)
The Attorney General's Department is a non-ministerial government department in Sri Lanka that supports the attorney general and his/her deputy the solicitor general. The department is headed by the attorney general and comes under the purview of the Ministry of Justice. The office of "Attorney General" was formally adopted in the year 1884.

Solicitor General of Sri Lanka
The solicitor general of Sri Lanka is a post subordinate to the attorney general of Sri Lanka. The solicitor general of Sri Lanka assists the attorney general, and is assisted by four additional solicitors general. Note that the post was solicitor general of Ceylon until Sri Lanka became a republic in 1972.
Wilson (Expensive Mistakes)
"Wilson (Expensive Mistakes)" is a song by American rock band Fall Out Boy, released on January 11, 2018, through Island Records and DCD2. It was released as the fifth single from their seventh studio album, Mania. A music video was released with the single.

Mania (Fall Out Boy album)
Mania (stylized as M A  N   I    A) is the seventh studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy, released on January 19, 2018, through Island Records and DCD2. The album was produced by Jonny Coffer, D. Sardy, Jesse Shatkin, and longtime collaborator Butch Walker, as well as self-production from the band. The album was preceded by five singles; "Young and Menace", "Champion", "The Last of the Real Ones", "Hold Me Tight or Don't", and "Wilson (Expensive Mistakes)".

Originally announced for release on September 15, 2017, Mania was delayed to the following January. Upon release, it received largely mixed reviews from music critics, but fared well commercially, becoming their third consecutive album to debut at number one on the US Billboard 200. However, it is the band's first album since their debut, Take This to Your Grave (2003), not to produce a Billboard Hot 100 single on the chart. In 2019, it was nominated for Best Rock Album at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards.
Philip Doddridge (Virginia politician)
Philip Doddridge (May 17, 1773 – November 19, 1832) was a Virginia lawyer and sectional leader of western (now West) Virginia. He served in the United States House of Representatives representing the Wheeling District in the Upper Ohio River Valley, as well as in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly.

His brother, Joseph Doddridge, was a prominent historian and Episcopal priest in the region.

Waitman T. Willey
Waitman Thomas Willey (October 18, 1811 – May 2, 1900) was an American lawyer and politician from Morgantown, West Virginia. One of the founders of the state of West Virginia during the American Civil War, he served in the United States Senate representing first the Restored Government of Virginia and became one of the new state of West Virginia's first two senators. He is one of only two people in U.S. history to represent more than one state in the U.S. Senate, the other being James Shields (who represented Illinois, Minnesota, and Missouri).
Dibang River
Dibang River, also known as Talo in Idu, is an upstream tributary river of the Brahmaputra in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. It originates and flows through the Mishmi Hills in the (Upper) Dibang Valley and Lower Dibang Valley districts.

Dibang Valley district
Dibang Valley district (/dɪˈbæŋ/ dib-ANG) is a district of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh named after the Dibang River or the Talon as the Mishmis call it. It is the least populated district in India and has an area of 9,129 square kilometres (3,525 sq mi).
Kulaura Upazila
Kulaura (Bengali: কুলাউড়া), is the largest upazila of Moulvibazar District in north-eastern Bangladesh. The total area of this upazila is 545 km2. Hakaluki Haor, the largest marsh wetland in Sylhet Division and one of the largest in Bangladesh is partially located in Kulaura.

Sylhet Division
Sylhet Division (Bengali: সিলেট বিভাগ, pronounced [sileʈ bibʱaɡ] ⓘ) is the northeastern division of Bangladesh. It covers an area of approximately 12,298 km2 (4,748 sq mi), and shares international borders with the Indian states of Meghalaya, Assam and Tripura to the north, east and south respectively—while domestically it adjoins the divisions of Chattogram to the southwest and Dhaka and Mymensingh to the west. Renowned for its lush tea gardens, rolling hills and vibrant cultural heritage—Sylhet's capital is its namesake, and the fifth-largest urban agglomeration in Bangladesh.

Prior to Partition in 1947, it included Karimganj subdivision (presently in Barak Valley, Assam, India). However, Karimganj (including the thanas of Badarpur, Patharkandi and Ratabari) was inexplicably severed from Sylhet by the Radcliffe Boundary Commission. According to Niharranjan Ray, it was partly due to a plea from a delegation led by Abdul Matlib Mazumdar.
Donaueschingen (Duo) 1976
Donaueschingen (Duo) 1976 is a live album by American composer and saxophonist Anthony Braxton and trombonist George E. Lewis recorded in Germany in 1976 but not released on the hatART label until 1994.

George E. Lewis
George Emanuel Lewis (born July 14, 1952) is an American composer, trombonist, and musicologist. He has been a member of the Association for the Advancement of Creative Musicians (AACM) since 1971, when he joined the organization at the age of 19. His music spans genres including avant-garde jazz, contemporary classical and experimental music.

He is renowned for his work as an improvising trombonist and considered a pioneer of computer music, which he began pursuing in the late 1970s; in the 1980s he created Voyager, an improvising software he has used in interactive performances. Lewis's many honors include a MacArthur Fellowship, a Guggenheim Fellowship, and the American Book Award received for his book A Power Stronger Than Itself: The AACM and American Experimental Music. Lewis is the Edwin H. Case Professor of American Music, Composition & Historical Musicology at Columbia University.
1982–83 NHL transactions
The following is a list of all team-to-team transactions that have occurred in the National Hockey League during the 1982–83 NHL season. It lists what team each player has been traded to, signed by, or claimed by, and for which player(s) or draft pick(s), if applicable.

1982–83 NHL season
The 1982–83 NHL season was the 66th season of the National Hockey League. The Colorado Rockies relocated to East Rutherford, New Jersey, becoming the New Jersey Devils. The New York Islanders won their fourth Stanley Cup in a row with their second consecutive finals sweep by beating the Edmonton Oilers four games to none. It remains to date the last time that any major professional North American sports team has won four consecutive playoff championships.
Massachusetts Senate's Bristol and Norfolk district
Bristol and Norfolk is a district of the Massachusetts Senate. It covers 17.0% of Bristol County and 9.5% of Norfolk County population in 2010. Democrat Paul Feeney of Foxborough has represented the district since 2017.

Massachusetts House of Representatives' 8th Norfolk district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 8th Norfolk district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers parts of Bristol County and Norfolk County. Democrat Lou Kafka of Stoughton represented the district from 1991 to 2020. Since January 2021, the district has been represented by Ted Philips of Sharon.