hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jim Burns (basketball)
James Burton Burns (September 21, 1945 – December 11, 2020) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the United States Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois from 1993 until 1997 under President Bill Clinton.

He also ran alongside Neil Hartigan as the Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Illinois in the 1990 election, which they narrowly lost. He later ran unsuccessfully for governor in 1998, finishing fourth of six candidates in the Democratic primary.

Before his law career, he was a professional basketball player in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and American Basketball Association (ABA).

United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois
The United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (in case citations, N.D. Ill.)  is the federal trial court with jurisdiction over the northern counties of Illinois. It is one of the busiest federal trial courts in the United States, with famous cases including those of Al Capone and the Chicago Eight.

Appeals from the Northern District of Illinois are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The United States attorney for the district, representing the United States in litigation in the court, is Andrew S. Boutros since April 7, 2025.
Decretum laudis
A decretum laudis (Latin for 'decree of praise') is the official measure with which the Holy See grants to institutes of consecrated life and societies of apostolic life the recognition of ecclesiastical institution of pontifical right. When the decree of praise is issued in the form of an apostolic brief, it is referred to as a 'brief of praise'.

Pontifical right
In Catholicism, "of pontifical right" is the term given to ecclesiastical institutions (religious and secular institutes, societies of apostolic life) either created by the Holy See, or approved by it with the formal decree known by the Latin name decretum laudis ('decree of praise'). The term is included in the names of institutions, often capitalised in English: "Institute of [xxx] of Pontifical Right".

The institutions of pontifical right depend immediately and exclusively on the Holy See on matters of internal governance and discipline.
Holy Name of Mary Pro-Cathedral (Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan)
Holy Name of Mary Proto-Cathedral, also known as St. Mary Proto-Cathedral, is a historic Catholic parish church in Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, that was formerly the first cathedral of the Diocese of Marquette. It is the oldest parish and oldest cathedral in Michigan, and the third-oldest parish in the United States (after those in St. Augustine, Florida and Santa Fe, New Mexico).

While the present church edifice, the fifth for the parish, dates from 1881, the parish began in 1668 as a Jesuit mission. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 and designated a State of Michigan historic site in 1989. The church was also the first cathedral of the Diocese of Marquette's predecessor, the Diocese of Sault Sainte Marie.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Sault Sainte Marie–Marquette
The Diocese of Sault Sainte Marie-Marquette was, until 1937, a diocese of the Latin Church in northern Michigan.  Today it is a titular see known as the Diocese of Sault Sainte Marie in Michigan(Latin: Dioecesis Marianopolitana in Michigania).

As with other titular sees, the Diocese of Sault Sainte Marie no longer functions and is considered by the Vatican as a dead diocese.  The current titular bishop is Auxiliary Bishop Francis J. Kane of the Archdiocese of Chicago.
Evgeniy Goncharov
Evgeniy Goncharov (born August 3, 1986) is a Russian mixed martial artist who competes in the Heavyweight division. He is most notable for his time in Absolute Championship Akhmat (ACA), where he was the ACA Heavyweight Champion. In July 2023, Goncharov reached #15 in World Heavyweight rankings according to Fight Matrix.

Tony Johnson (fighter)
Anthony Johnson Jr. (born February 6, 1986) is an American mixed martial artist currently competing in the Heavyweight division of Absolute Championship Akhmat where he is the former ACA Heavyweight Champion. A professional competitor since 2008, Johnson has formerly competed for Bellator MMA, ONE Fighting Championship, Fight Nights Global, and King of the Cage. He is the former KOTC Heavyweight Champion. He is ranked #6 in the ACA heavyweight rankings.
Long Island Motor Parkway
The Long Island Motor Parkway, also known as the Vanderbilt Parkway, Vanderbilt Motor Parkway, or Motor Parkway, was a limited-access parkway on Long Island, New York, United States. It was the first highway designed for automobile use only. The parkway was privately built by William Kissam Vanderbilt II with overpasses and bridges to remove most intersections. It officially opened on October 10, 1908. It closed in 1938 when it was taken over by the state of New York in lieu of back taxes. Parts of the parkway survive today, used as sections of other roads or as a bicycle trail.

Limited-access road
A limited-access road, known by various terms worldwide, including limited-access highway,  partial controlled-access highway, and expressway, is a highway or arterial road for high-speed traffic which has many or most characteristics of a controlled-access highway (also known as a freeway or motorway), including limited or no access to adjacent property; some degree of separation of opposing traffic flow (often being dual carriageways); use of grade separated interchanges to some extent; prohibition of slow modes of transport, such as bicycles, horse-drawn vehicles or ridden horses, or self-propelled agricultural machines; and very few or no intersecting cross-streets or level crossings. The degree of isolation from local traffic allowed varies between countries and regions. The precise definition of these terms varies by jurisdiction.
Simon Crowe
Simon Crowe (born 1952 or 1953, Dublin, Ireland) is an Irish musician, best known as the drummer and backing vocalist of the Irish new wave band 
The Boomtown Rats.

The Boomtown Rats, originally known as the "Nightlife Thugs", was formed in 1975. The band had eighteen hit singles in the UK in the 1970s and early 1980s. After the Boomtown Rats broke up, in 1986, Crowe lived in Devon for several years. While in Devon, he played with the Exeter-based folk group Jiggerypipery.

Crowe was also part of The Velcro Flies (with ex-Boomtown Rat Garry Roberts) and Gung~Ho (with ex-Boomtown Rat Johnny Fingers). He subsequently formed a group, The Rats, with Roberts. As of 2009, The Rats featured Roberts on guitar and Crowe on drums, with Pete Briquette on bass and Darren Beale on lead guitar. Bob Geldof did not (re)join the group as, according to Crowe, he was "doing his own thing".

The Boomtown Rats reformed, with an original line-up that included Geldof, Briquette, Roberts and Crowe, in 2013.

The Boomtown Rats
The Boomtown Rats are  an Irish rock/new wave band originally formed in Dublin in 1975. Between 1977 and 1985, they had a series of Irish and UK hits including "Like Clockwork", "Rat Trap", "I Don't Like Mondays" and "Banana Republic". The original line-up comprised six musicians; five from Dún Laoghaire in County Dublin; Gerry Cott (rhythm guitar), Simon Crowe (drums), Johnnie Fingers (keyboards), Bob Geldof (vocals) and Garry Roberts (lead guitar), plus Fingers's cousin Pete Briquette (bass). The Boomtown Rats broke up in 1986, but reformed in 2013, without Fingers or Cott. Garry Roberts died in 2022. The band's fame and notability have been overshadowed by the charity work of frontman Bob Geldof.
Chrissie Swan
Christina Swan is an Australian television and radio presenter and media personality. She currently hosts the national afternoon radio show The Chrissie Swan Show on Nova, and the weekly lifestyle program Healthy, Wealthy and Wise on the Seven Network.

Healthy, Wealthy and Wise
Healthy, Wealthy and Wise is an Australian lifestyle television program. It was originally broadcast on Network Ten from 1992 until 1998. The show was created and produced by Michael Dickinson. Gavan Disney, once the producer of the Nine Network's long-running variety show Hey Hey it's Saturday, served as executive producer and the show was packaged by Disney Entertainment P/L for the Ten Network and its affiliates throughout the world.

In November 2024, it was announced that the Seven Network would broadcast a reboot of the series in 2025. It premiered on 27 September 2025.
Phyllocharis orbicularis
Phyllocharis orbicularis is a leaf-dwelling lichen in the family Strigulaceae. It is the only known species in the fungal genus Phyllocharis. The genus was originally erected by Antoine Fée in 1825; in its modern circumscription its sole species, P. orbicularis, is based on a lichen first described by Elias Magnus Fries in 1830. This leaf-dwelling lichen grows beneath the surface layer of leaves in tropical and subtropical regions, forming pale grey-green patches from lowland to mountain forests. It has a wide pantropical distribution, recorded from the Americas (including Costa Rica, Bolivia, Colombia, Suriname, Argentina, and Florida), as well as from Australia, the Philippines, Vietnam, India, and Kenya. The species is distinguished by its transparent three-celled ascospores and uniquely long, thread-like asexual spores.

Strigulaceae
Strigulaceae is a family of mostly lichen-forming fungi, one of two families in the order Strigulales (class Dothideomycetes). A molecular analysis of the type genus, Strigula, has led to a reallocation of the foliicolous species into six genera that correspond to well-delimited clades with diagnostic phenotype features. These lichens live almost exclusively in tropical rainforests, where they grow as thin films on the surface of living leaves rather than on bark or rock like many other lichens. The family includes around 140 species distributed across multiple continents, making them one of the most widespread groups of leaf-dwelling organisms. DNA studies have revealed that what scientists once thought was a single large genus actually represents several distinct evolutionary lineages.
James Crabtree
James Crabtree is a British author and geopolitical analyst. He is currently a Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations. Crabtree writes columns for Nikkei Asian Review, Foreign Policy, and The Straits Times. Previously, he was the Singapore-based executive director of the Asia branch of the International Institute for Strategic Studies. He was also an associate professor of practice at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore and a senior fellow at the school’s Centre on Asia and Globalisation. He was also a non-resident fellow at Chatham House, the London-based think tank. His first book, The Billionaire Raj: A Journey Through India’s New Gilded Age, was released in July 2018.

The Billionaire Raj
The Billionaire Raj: A Journey Through India's New Gilded Age is a 2018 non-fiction book written by British author James Crabtree. The book is about wealth inequality in India, exploring Indian billionaires, the caste, and economic reform advocates. Crabtree is a journalist for Financial Times.
Cheung Yan-lung
Benton Cheung Yan-lung, CBE, OStJ, JP (18 April 1922 – 19 September 2021) was a Hong Kong businessman and politician with New Territories rural background. He was a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 1981 to 1991 and chairman of the Regional Council of Hong Kong and New Territories Heung Yee Kuk.

Regional Council (Hong Kong)
The Regional Council (RegCo; Chinese: 區域市政局; Jyutping: keoi1 wik6 si5 zing3 guk6) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services in the New Territories (excluding New Kowloon). Its services were provided by the Regional Services Department, the executive arm of the Regional Council. Its headquarters were located near Sha Tin station.
RAF East Fortune
Royal Air Force East Fortune, or more simply RAF East Fortune, is a former Royal Air Force station located just south of the village of East Fortune. It is a short distance east of Edinburgh, in Scotland. RAF East Fortune was used as a fighter station during the First World War and later used by a night fighter operational training unit during the Second World War. The motto of the station is "Fortune Favours the Bold".

Following the Second World War, the runways were taken over for local private aviation use. The former RAF buildings have been used for the National Museum of Flight since 1976. The airfield is a Scheduled Monument.

National Museum of Flight
The National Museum of Flight is Scotland's national aviation museum, at East Fortune Airfield, just south of the village of East Fortune, Scotland. It is one of the museums within National Museums Scotland.

The museum is housed in the original wartime buildings of RAF East Fortune which is a well preserved World War II airfield. As a result of this the entire site is a scheduled monument with no permanent structures added by the museum. The hangars, control tower and stores were designated as Category B listed buildings by Historic Scotland, but this designation was removed in 2013 as they were already covered by the stricter scheduling.
Wave (Patti Smith Group album)
Wave is the fourth studio album by Patti Smith, and the third and final album where the Patti Smith Group is billed. It was released on May 17, 1979, by Arista Records. Produced by Todd Rundgren, the album continued the band's move towards more radio-friendly mainstream pop rock sound. Wave garnered a mixed reception from music critics and was less successful than its predecessor, Easter (1978). However, the songs "Frederick" and "Dancing Barefoot" both received commercial airplay. Following the album's release, the band disbanded, and frontwoman Patti Smith pursued a solo career nine years later with Dream of Life (1988).

Patti Smith
Patricia Lee Smith (born December 30, 1946) is an American singer, songwriter, poet, painter, author, and photographer. Her 1975 debut album Horses made her an influential member of the New York City–based punk rock movement. Smith has fused rock and poetry in her work. In 1978, her most widely known song, "Because the Night," co-written with Bruce Springsteen, reached number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number five on the UK Singles Chart.

In 2005, Smith was named a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture. In 2007, she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In November 2010, Smith won the National Book Award for her memoir Just Kids, written to fulfill a promise she made to Robert Mapplethorpe, her longtime partner and friend. She is ranked 47th on Rolling Stone magazine's 100 Greatest Artists of all Time, published in 2010, and was awarded the Polar Music Prize in 2011.
KhaDarel Hodge
KhaDarel Jamal Hodge (born January 3, 1995) is an American professional football wide receiver for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Prairie View A&M Panthers.

Prairie View A&M Panthers football
The Prairie View A&M Panthers football team is the college football team representing the Prairie View A&M University. The Panthers play in NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) as a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC).
Attorney General for Hong Kong v Reid
The Attorney General for Hong Kong v Reid (New Zealand) (UKPC) [1993] UKPC 2 was a New Zealand-originated trust law case heard and decided by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, where it was held that bribe money accepted by a person in a position of trust, can be traced into any property bought and is held on constructive trust for the beneficiary.

After a period of legal uncertainty, this case was finally and unquestionably accepted and adopted into domestic English jurisprudence by the UK Supreme Court in FHR European Ventures LLP v Cedar Capital Partners LLC [2014] UKSC 45.

FHR European Ventures LLP v Cedar Capital Partners LLC
FHR European Ventures LLP v Cedar Capital Partners LLC [2014] UKSC 45 is a landmark decision of the United Kingdom Supreme Court which holds that a bribe or secret commission accepted by an agent is held on trust for his principal. In so ruling, the Court partially overruled Sinclair Investments (UK) Ltd v Versailles Trade Finance Ltd (a decision of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales) in favour of The Attorney General for Hong Kong v Reid (New Zealand) (UKPC), a ruling from the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council on appeal from New Zealand.
Webley Longspur
Webley Longspur is an early British percussion revolver, patented in 1853. The first revolver of the later famous British factory Webley&Son, it was an open frame, 5-shot, single action revolver. It was a solid and popular weapon at the time, although it faced heavy competition from already established, popular Colt's and Adams revolvers.

Webley & Scott
Webley & Scott is an arms manufacturer founded in Birmingham, England.  Webley produced handguns and long guns from 1834 to 1979, when the company ceased to manufacture firearms and instead turned its attention to producing air pistols and air rifles. In 2010 Webley & Scott restarted the production of shotguns for commercial sale.

Webley is famous for the revolvers and automatic pistols it supplied to the British Empire's military, particularly the British Army, from 1887 through both World War I and World War II.
Elsie Griffin
Elsie Griffin (6 December 1895 – 21 December 1989) was an English opera singer, best known for her performances in the soprano roles of the Savoy Operas with the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company.

Beginning her career by entertaining British troops in France during World War I, she popularised such songs as "Danny Boy". She was a principal soprano with the D'Oyly Carte from 1919 to 1926, also recording several of her roles with the company both during that time and afterwards.  She married another D'Oyly Carte performer, J. Ivan "Jimmy" Menzies, in 1923. She continued her singing and acting careers into the 1950s, including tours with the Carl Rosa Opera Company from 1934 to 1937.

Ivan Menzies
J. Ivan "Jimmy" Menzies (1896 – 19 April 1985) was an English singer and actor, best known for his performances in the comic baritone roles of the Savoy Operas with the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company in Britain in the 1920s and the J. C. Williamson Gilbert & Sullivan Opera Company in Australia the 1930s and 1940s.

Menzies married a D'Oyly Carte principal soprano, Elsie Griffin, but he left her repeatedly to go on extensive tours in Australia and New Zealand. Later, Menzies became a leader of the Moral Re-Armament movement in Australia and Britain, and he continued to perform on stage until 1962.
Granville Egerton
Major-General Granville George Algernon Egerton, CB (10 May 1859 – 3 May 1951) was a British Army officer who commanded the 52nd (Lowland) Division from March 1914 to September 1915, during the First World War. His wartime service included commanding the 52nd Division during the Gallipoli campaign throughout most of 1915.

52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division
The 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division was an infantry division of the British Army that was originally formed as the Lowland Division, in 1908 as part of the Territorial Force. It later became the 52nd (Lowland) Division in 1915. The 52nd (Lowland) Division fought in the First World War before being disbanded, with the rest of the Territorial Force, in 1920.

The Territorial Force was later reformed as the Territorial Army and the division was again raised, during the inter-war years, as the 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division - a 1st Line Territorial Army Infantry Division - and went on to serve during the Second World War.

By December 1947, the formation amalgamated with 51st (Highland) Infantry Division to become 51st/52nd Scottish Division, but, by March 1950, 51st Division and 52nd Division had been recreated as separate formations. 52nd (Lowland) Division finally disbanded in 1968.
Deepwater burrfish
The deepwater burrfish (Allomycterus pilatus) is a porcupinefish of the family Diodontidae, found off southern Australia, central and northern New Zealand, and in the Tasman Sea. It occurs at depths of 40 to 270 m (131 to 886 ft) in areas off the continental shelf. The species reaches 50 cm (19.7 inches) in total length and is reportedly easily entangled in nets due to its spines and ability to inflate its body. It is the only known member of its genus.

Porcupinefish
Porcupinefishes are medium-to-large fish belonging to the family Diodontidae from the order Tetraodontiformes which are also commonly called blowfishes and, sometimes, balloonfishes and globefishes. The family includes about 18 species. They are sometimes collectively called pufferfishes, not to be confused with the morphologically similar and closely related Tetraodontidae, which are more commonly given this name.

They are found in shallow, temperate, and tropical seas worldwide. A few species are found much further out from shore, wherein large schools of thousands of individuals can occur.
Annika Svahn
Annika Svahn (also Swahn; fl. 1714) was a Finnish prisoner of war during the Great Northern War. The daughter of a vicar, she became the perhaps most well known victim of the abuse suffered by the civilian population in Finland during the Russian occupation known as the Greater Wrath.

Great Wrath
The Great Wrath was the period of Russian military occupation in Finland during the final phase of the Great Northern War. At the time, Finland was part of the Swedish Empire. The occupation lasted from 1714 until the Treaty of Nystad in 1721.
James Newman (singer)
James Richard Newman (born 19 October 1985) is an English former singer and songwriter. During the 2014 Brit Awards, he won the Brit Award for British Single of the Year as a co-writer of "Waiting All Night", a song by English band Rudimental. Newman was selected to represent the United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 with the song, "My Last Breath" before its cancellation. He instead represented the country in the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 with the song "Embers”, which came in last place with nul points.

United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2020
The United Kingdom was set to be represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 with the song "My Last Breath", written by James Newman, Ed Drewett, Adam Argyle, and Iain James, and performed by James Newman. The British participating broadcaster, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), internally selected both the song and the performer. Newman and "My Last Breath" was announced as the British entry on 27 February 2020.

As a member of the "Big Five", the United Kingdom automatically qualified to compete in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest. However, the contest was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.