hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emily Temple-Wood
Emily Temple-Wood (born May 24, 1994) is an American physician and Wikipedia editor, who goes by pseudonym Keilana on the site. She is known for her efforts to counter the effects and causes of gender bias on Wikipedia, particularly through the creation of articles about women in science. She was declared a joint recipient of the 2016 Wikipedian of the Year award by Jimmy Wales at Wikimania. Temple-Wood graduated from Loyola University Chicago and Midwestern University. She practices medicine in Minnesota.

Midwestern University
Midwestern University (MWU) is a private graduate school with campuses in Downers Grove, Illinois and Glendale, Arizona. As of the 2022–23 academic year, a total of 2,758 students were enrolled at the Downers Grove campus and 3,782 were enrolled at the Glendale campus.

Founded in 1900 as the American College of Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery, the Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine is the fourth-oldest medical school currently active in Illinois. Over the years, the university expanded, adding additional degrees and programs; in 1993, the school united these programs under the name Midwestern University. In 1995, the school opened a campus in Glendale, Arizona, becoming the second and largest medical school to teach students in the state. The university is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and the medical schools are also accredited by the American Osteopathic Association's Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation.
GDH 559
GDH 559 Co., Ltd. (Thai: บริษัท จีดีเอช ห้าห้าเก้า จำกัด), doing business as GDH, is a film studio subsidiary of the Thai entertainment conglomerate GMM Grammy. It was founded on 5 January 2016, as a successor to GMM Tai Hub (GTH) — Thailand's most successful film studio of the prior 11 years — which had been dissolved in December 2015 due to internal conflicts between the company's three major shareholders — GMM Grammy, Tai Entertainment and Hub Ho Hin. GDH had released films of various genres such as romance, comedy, horror and drama as well as the hit films Bad Genius and How to Make Millions Before Grandma Dies.

GMM Grammy
GMM Grammy Public Company Limited (Thai: จีเอ็มเอ็ม แกรมมี่ or stylized as G"MM' Grammy) is the largest media conglomerate entertainment company in Thailand. Top Grammy artists include Bird Thongchai, Silly Fools, Loso, Tai Orathai, Bie Sukrit, Tata Young, Mos Patiparn, Bodyslam, Getsunova, Joey Boy. In addition to its music business, the company is involved in concert production, artist management, film production, television production and publishing.

In 2023, GMM Grammy partnered with RS Group, another Thai music label, to establish a joint venture called Across the Universe.
Johnny Beauchamp
Johnny Beauchamp (March 23, 1923 – April 17, 1981) was an American NASCAR driver from Harlan, Iowa. He is best known for finishing second in the 1959 Daytona 500 in a photo finish after being declared the unofficial winner. In 23 starts, he had ten top-ten finishes, seven top-five finishes, and two victories.

1959 Daytona 500
The 1959 First 500 Mile NASCAR International Sweepstakes at Daytona (now known as the 1959 Inaugural Daytona 500) was the second race of the 1959 NASCAR Grand National Series season. It was held on February 22, 1959, in front of 41,921 spectators. It was the first race held at the 2.5-mile (4.0 kilometer) Daytona International Speedway.
Kodwo Eshun
Kodwo Eshun (born 1967) is a British-Ghanaian writer, theorist and filmmaker. He is perhaps best known for his 1998 book More Brilliant than the Sun: Adventures in Sonic Fiction and his association with the art collective The Otolith Group, which he co-founded in 2002 with Anjalika Sagar.

Eshun teaches on the MA in Contemporary Art Theory in the Department of Visual Cultures at Goldsmiths College, University of London, and at CCC Research Master Program of the Visual Arts Department at HEAD (Geneva University of Art and Design).

Anjalika Sagar
Anjalika Sagar (born 1968) is a British filmmaker, curator, video essayist and photographer, whose work has been shown at exhibitions internationally. In 2002, she co-founded with Kodwo Eshun the Turner Prize-nominated artists' collective The Otolith Group, based in London.
Henney Kilowatt
The Henney Kilowatt was an electric car introduced in the United States of America for the 1959 model year. The car used some body parts as made for the Renault Dauphine. An improved model was introduced in 1960 with a top speed of 60 miles an hour and a range of 60 miles. Only 47 cars were sold over the two model years, mostly to electrical utility companies. Only a few still exist.

Renault Dauphine
The Renault Dauphine (pronounced [dɔfin]) is a rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive four-door economy sedan with three-box styling, manufactured and marketed by Renault from 1956 to 1967 across a single generation.

Along with such cars as the Citroën 2CV, Volkswagen Beetle, Morris Minor, Mini and Fiat 600, the Dauphine pioneered the modern European economy car. More than two million Dauphines were manufactured, many under licence by other manufacturers outside of France.

Renault marketed numerous variants of the Dauphine, including a luxury version, the Renault Ondine; a decontented version, the Dauphine Teimoso (Brazil, 1965); sporting versions marketed as the Dauphine Gordini and the Ondine Gordini, and the 1093 factory racing model; as well as a prominent derivative, the Caravelle/Floride, a Dauphine-based two-door coupé and convertible.
Dvorak keyboard layout
Dvorak (/ˈdvɔːræk/ ⓘ) is a keyboard layout for Latin-script alphabets. It was patented in 1936 by August Dvorak and his brother-in-law, William Dealey, as a faster and more ergonomic alternative for typing English, compared to the 1874 QWERTY layout (the de facto standard keyboard layout). Dvorak proponents claim that it requires less finger motion and as a result reduces errors, increases typing speed, reduces repetitive strain injuries, or is simply more comfortable than QWERTY.

Dvorak has failed to replace QWERTY as the most common keyboard layout, with the most pointed-to reasons being that QWERTY was popularized 60 years prior to Dvorak's creation, and that Dvorak's advantages are debated and relatively small. However, most major modern operating systems (such as Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android, ChromeOS, and BSD) allow a user to switch to the Dvorak layout. The layout can be chosen for use with any hardware keyboard, regardless of any characters printed on the key caps.

Colemak
Colemak is a keyboard layout for Latin-script alphabets, designed to make typing English more efficient and comfortable than QWERTY by placing the most frequently used letters of the English language on the home row, while keeping many common keyboard shortcuts the same as in QWERTY. Released on 1 January 2006, it is named after its inventor, Shai Coleman.

All major modern operating systems, including Microsoft Windows (as of Windows 11, version 24H2), macOS, Linux, Android, ChromeOS, and BSD-based operating systems, support Colemak natively. A program to install the layout on older versions of Windows is available. On Android and iOS, the layout is offered by several virtual keyboard apps like GBoard and SwiftKey, as well as by many apps that support physical keyboards directly.
Luis García (footballer, born 1981)
Luis García Fernández (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlwis ɣaɾˈθi.a feɾˈnandeθ]; born 6 February 1981) is a Spanish former professional footballer, currently manager of Segunda División club Las Palmas. Mainly a striker, he could also operate as a winger.

Over nine seasons, he amassed La Liga totals of 329 matches and 73 goals, mainly with Espanyol with whom he won one Copa del Rey and reached the 2007 UEFA Cup final. He also spent five in years in Belgium at the service of Eupen.

García earned seven caps for Spain in the late 2000s. He worked as a manager after retiring, notably being in charge of Espanyol and the Qatar national team.

K.A.S. Eupen
K.A.S. Eupen (short for Königliche Allgemeine Sportvereinigung Eupen, English: Royal General Sports Association Eupen, simply referred to as Eupen) is a Belgian professional association football club located in Eupen, Province of Liège, which currently plays in the Challenger Pro League, the second tier of Belgian football. The club was formed on 9 July 1945 through the merger of two older Eupen clubs, Jugend Eupen and FC Eupen 1920.

The club has been playing at the Kehrwegstadion in Eupen since its inaugural season. Eupen is the first Belgian club based in the German-speaking Community of Belgium to have played in the Belgian top division.
Kilvidi Seshachari
Kilvidi Seshachari (2 January 1875 – 25 January 1917) was an Indian cricketer and a member of the first Indian cricket team to tour England in 1911. He played for the Hindus team as a wicket-keeper in the Bombay Quadrangular tournaments between 1902 and 1912. He was considered the best wicket-keeper in India in reports from the period. In addition to the Hindus cricket team in Bombay and the Indian team that toured England, Seshachari played for the Ootacamund Civilians and the Maharaja of Natore's cricket teams.

Jagadindra Nath Roy
Maharaja Jagadindra Nath Roy Bahadur (Moitra) (20 October 1868 – 5 January 1925) known as the Maharaja of Natore was a noted zamindar of Natore from Bengal. He was also noted for his contribution to the game of cricket in British India.
Aldine High School
Aldine Senior High School is a public high school located in the Greenspoint district of northern Houston, Texas, United States. It is part of the Aldine Independent School District. The senior high school campus serves grades 10 through 12 (although a few ninth grade students attend select classes at Aldine High). The separate Aldine Ninth Grade School hosts students in grade 9.

Aldine Independent School District
The Aldine Independent School District is a public school district based in unincorporated Harris County, Texas, United States. It serves portions of Houston and unincorporated Harris County. Aldine ISD serves the communities of Aldine, most of Greenspoint, most of East Aldine, and portions of Airline, Acres Homes, Kinwood, Bordersville, and Inwood Forest. The district is part of the taxation base for the Lone Star College System. As of 2020, Dr. LaTonya Goffney serves as superintendent of schools.
Tofiq Bahramov
Tofiq Bahramov (Azerbaijani: Tofiq Bəhramov; Russian: Тофик Бахрамов; 29 January 1925 – 26 March 1993) was a Soviet footballer and football referee from Azerbaijan.

He was the linesman who helped to award England's controversial third goal in the 1966 FIFA World Cup Final against West Germany. He came to be wrongly referred to as "the Russian linesman" in England as a result of his decision and his Soviet citizenship, although he was not Russian but Azerbaijani.

After his death in 1993, Azerbaijan's then national stadium was renamed the Tofiq Bahramov Republican Stadium in his honor.

Tofiq Bahramov Republican Stadium
The Tofiq Bahramov Republican Stadium (Azerbaijani: Tofiq Bəhramov adına Respublika Stadionu) is a multi-purpose stadium in Baku, Azerbaijan. It is currently used mostly for football matches. It served as the home ground for the Azerbaijan national football team until they moved to the  Baku Olympic Stadium. It holds 31,200 seats making it the second largest stadium in the country. The stadium is also used by the Azerbaijan Premier League clubs in the final rounds of European competitions.
Arkley
Arkley is a village in Greater London, England, within the London Borough of Barnet. It is located 10.6 miles (17.1 km) north-northwest of Charing Cross.

It consists of a long village strung out between Barnet and Stirling Corner, and composed of the ancient hamlets of Barnet Gate, Rowley Green and Arkley. At 482 feet (147 m) above sea level, Arkley is one of the highest points in London.

Barnet Gate
Barnet Gate is a hamlet on the northern edge of the London Borough of Barnet to the west of Arkley, in England. There was a settlement there during the Roman occupation of Britain and in the Anglo-Saxon period it was known as Grendeles Gatan (Grendel's Gate or Grendelgate) after Grendel, the monster in the epic poem Beowulf. Manor courts were held there and brickmaking was an important local industry. It was on the edge of Southaw wood which was cleared when nearby Chipping Barnet was developed after which it was known as Barnet Gate. The Gate referred to no longer exists but was either a gate used to prevent cattle straying onto Barnet Common or a gate that marked the boundary between Hertfordshire and Middlesex.
Baby, Baby Don't Cry
"Baby, Baby Don't Cry", released in December 1968, is a single recorded by The Miracles for Motown Records' Tamla label. The composition was written by Miracles lead singer Smokey Robinson, Motown staff writers Al Cleveland and Terry Johnson, a former member of The Flamingos. Robinson, Johnson, and Miracles member Warren "Pete" Moore were the song's producers.

Warren "Pete" Moore
Warren Thomas "Pete" Moore (November 19, 1938 – November 19, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter and record producer, notable as the bass singer for Motown group the Miracles from 1955 onwards, and was one of the group's original members. He is also a 2012 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inductee, and a BMI and ASCAP award-winning songwriter, and was the vocal arranger on all of the group's hits.
Transitions Optical
Transitions Optical is a U.S.-based company known for manufacturing photochromic lenses, which darken on exposure to specific types of light. The company was founded in 1990.

In 1991, Transitions Optical became the first company to commercialize and manufacture plastic photochromic lenses.  From inception the company has been a joint venture between PPG Industries (51%) and Essilor (49%). In April 2014, Essilor acquired the entire stake of PPG in Transitions.

From 2009 to 2012, Transitions Optical was the title sponsor of the Transitions Championship, a PGA Tour event held at Innisbrook Resort and Golf Club in Palm Harbor, Florida. The firm was the Official Eyewear of the PGA Tour, Champions Tour and Nationwide Tour. It also sponsors pro cycling Team Garmin-Cervelo.

In April 2014, Essilor acquired the remaining stake from PPG, making Transitions Optical a wholly owned subsidiary of Essilor.

Essilor
Essilor International is a French multinational corporation specialized in the design, manufacture and sale of ophthalmic lenses, optical equipment and instruments. It is the world's largest manufacturer of ophthalmic lenses. Founded in 1972 out of the merger of two French companies operating in the sector, Essel and Silor, it is headquartered in Charenton-le-Pont, near Paris. Since October 2018, it is a subsidiary of EssilorLuxottica which arose out of a merger between Essilor and the Italian eyewear corporation Luxottica.

In January 2017, Essilor announced a merger with Luxottica, in which Essilor would acquire the latter while Luxottica executive chairman Leonardo Del Vecchio would become co-executive chairman of the newly formed holding company, EssilorLuxottica. On 1 October 2018, the new entity was born, resulting in a combined market capitalization of approximately €57 billion.
Tony Puletua
Anthony Puletua (born 25 June 1979), also known by the nickname of "TP", is a former professional rugby league footballer who last played for Hull Kingston Rovers in the Super League. A New Zealand and Samoan international, Puletua previously played for the Penrith Panthers in the National Rugby League competition, primarily as second-row forward.

Puletua joined Hull Kingston Rovers, on loan in 2015 from the Salford Red Devils. He made 13 appearances, scoring one try for Hull Kingston Rovers, and retired on 18 September 2015.

Samoa national rugby league team
The Samoa national rugby league team represents Samoa in rugby league football and has participated in international competition since 1986. Known as Western Samoa before 1997, the team is administered by Rugby League Samoa and are nicknamed Toa Samoa (English: Samoan Warriors).
Seymour W. Duncan
Seymour W. Duncan (born February 11, 1951) is an American businessman and a co-founder of the Seymour Duncan Company, a manufacturer of guitar pickups, bass pickups, and effects pedals located in Santa Barbara, California.

Seymour Duncan
Seymour Duncan is an American company best known for manufacturing guitar and bass pickups. They also manufacture effects pedals which are designed and assembled in United States. Guitarist and luthier Seymour W. Duncan and Cathy Carter Duncan founded the company in 1976, in Santa Barbara, California.
Tampines East MRT station
Tampines East MRT station is an underground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the Downtown Line in Tampines, Singapore. It is located along Tampines Avenue 7, near the junction with Tampines Avenue 2. This station, like most of the other Downtown Line stations, also serves as a Civil Defence Shelter.

The station serves Tampines North Park, Tampines North, and East residents and nearby schools such as East Spring Secondary School, Ngee Ann Secondary School, and Dunman Secondary School. From January 2024 to December 2027, the station will serve Temasek Junior College in their holding site, located at the now defunct Tampines Junior College Campus.

Ngee Ann Secondary School
Ngee Ann Secondary School (NASS) is a co-educational government-aided autonomous secondary school in Tampines, Singapore. Founded in 1994 by the Ngee Ann Kongsi, a Teochew clan foundation, Ngee Ann Secondary School is a successor to the now defunct Tuan Mong High School. The school offers secondary education leading to the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level or Singapore-Cambridge GCE Normal Level examination.
Graham Kernwein
Graham Armin Kernwein (October 23, 1904 – January 25, 1983) was an American professional football halfback who played one season in the National Football League (NFL) for the Racine Tornadoes. He played college football for the Chicago Maroons for three years, being a top player under head coach Amos Alonzo Stagg. In addition to being a member of the Tornadoes in the NFL, he also had a stint with the Chicago Bears. Following his football career, he became an orthopedic surgeon.

Chicago Maroons football
The Chicago Maroons football team represents the University of Chicago in college football. The Maroons, which play in NCAA Division III, have been a football-only member of the Midwest Conference since 2017. The University of Chicago was a founding member of the Big Ten Conference and the Maroons were coached by Amos Alonzo Stagg for 41 seasons. In 1935, halfback Jay Berwanger became the first recipient of the Downtown Athletic Club Trophy, later known as the Heisman Trophy. In the late 1930s, university president Robert Maynard Hutchins decided that big-time college football and the university's commitment to academics were not compatible. The university abolished its football program in 1939 and withdrew from the Big Ten in 1946. Football returned to the University of Chicago in 1963 in the form of a club team, which was upgraded to varsity status in 1969. The Maroons began competing in Division III in 1973.
Kim Seng Road
Kim Seng Road (Chinese: 金声路) is a street in Singapore that runs along the upper-easternmost portion of the Bukit Merah-Central Area border. It was named after Peranakan philanthropist, Tan Kim Seng. Today, the boundaries of Kim Seng division are: Indus Road and Alexandra Canal in the north; Jalan Bukit Ho Swee in the south; Kim Seng Road and Outram Road in the east; and Lower Delta Road in the west.

It is served by the  Thomson–East Coast MRT line which opened on 13 November 2022.

Bukit Ho Swee
Bukit Ho Swee (Chinese: 河水山; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hô-súi-soaⁿ; Jyutping: Ho4 Seoi2 Saan1) is a subzone within the planning area of Bukit Merah, Singapore, as defined by the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA). Its boundary is made up of the Alexandra Canal in the north; Kim Seng Road and Outram Road in the east; Zion Road and Jalan Bukit Ho Swee in the south; Delta Road and Lower Delta Road in the west.
Negative-feedback amplifier
A negative-feedback amplifier (or feedback amplifier) is an electronic amplifier that subtracts a fraction of its output from its input, so that negative feedback opposes the original signal.  The applied negative feedback can improve its performance (gain stability, linearity, frequency response, step response) and reduces sensitivity to parameter variations due to manufacturing or environment. Because of these advantages, many amplifiers and control systems use negative feedback.

An idealized negative-feedback amplifier as shown in the diagram is a system of three elements (see Figure 1):

an amplifier with gain AOL,

a feedback network β, which senses the output signal and possibly transforms it in some way (for example by attenuating or filtering it),

a summing circuit that acts as a subtractor (the circle in the figure), which combines the input and the transformed output.

Bode plot
In electrical engineering and control theory, a Bode plot is a graph of the frequency response of a system.  It is usually a combination of a Bode magnitude plot, expressing the magnitude (usually in decibels) of the frequency response, and a Bode phase plot, expressing the phase shift.

As originally conceived by Hendrik Wade Bode in the 1930s, the plot is an asymptotic approximation of the frequency response, using straight line segments.
Christopher Scanlon
Christopher P. Scanlon (born August 6, 1981) is an American politician who served as acting mayor of Buffalo, New York from 2024 to 2025. He became Buffalo's 63rd mayor upon the resignation of Byron Brown on October 15, 2024.

He was previously a member of the Buffalo Common Council, representing the South District from May 2012 to October 2024.

Scanlon ran in the 2025 Buffalo mayoral election and lost the Democratic primary, and served the remainder of Brown's term before returning to his vacant common council seat and the council presidency.

South Buffalo, Buffalo
South Buffalo is a neighborhood that makes up the southern third of the City of Buffalo, New York. Traditionally known for its large Irish-American community, this community also has a strong presence of various other nationalities. The once-heavily industrialized district was home to many steel mills, automotive parts manufacturers, petroleum refineries, foundries, and machine shops. However, due to increasing deindustrialization and rising unemployment, the area has experienced growing problems with poverty and population decline.

South Buffalo, as officially designated by the Buffalo City Council, is bordered by the town of West Seneca on the east, the City of Lackawanna on the south, Lake Erie on its western edge, and the Buffalo River on its northern border. New York State Route 16 (Seneca Street), Abbott Road, and South Park Avenue are the major streets serving South Buffalo.
Emir of Qatar
The Emir of the State of Qatar (Arabic: أمير دولة قطر) is the monarch and head of state of Qatar. The emir is also the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces and guarantor of the constitution. The emir holds the most powerful position in the country, controlling all branches of state power, and has a prominent role in foreign relations.

The emirs are members of the House of Thani (Al Thani), whose origins are in the Banu Tamim, one of the largest tribes in the Arabian Peninsula. The current ruler is Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, who succeeded on 25 June 2013.

Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani
Tamim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (Arabic: تميم بن حمد بن خليفة آل ثاني, romanized: Tamīm bin Ḥamad bin Khalīfa Āl Thānī; born 3 June 1980) has reigned as the Emir of Qatar since 25 June 2013, succeeding his father, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani. Born in Doha, he is the fourth son of the former Emir and his second wife, Moza bint Nasser. Tamim became heir apparent in 2003 after his older brother Sheikh Jassim renounced his claim to the throne.