hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Harkishan Singh
Harkishan Singh (25 November 1928 – 20 March 2020) was an Indian pharmaceutical chemist and professor at Panjab University known for his research and teaching in India, United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and China. Singh specialized in organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and the study of natural products, making contributions to each field. During his career, he led the research group responsible for developing candocuronium iodide (also known as chandonium iodide, HS-310), a clinically useful synthetic azasteroid designed as a skeletal muscle relaxant.

Candocuronium iodide
Candocuronium iodide (INN; formerly chandonium iodide or HS-310) is an aminosteroid neuromuscular-blocking drug that was investigated as a muscle relaxant for use in anesthesia. It acts by blocking the binding of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction. By blocking these receptors, it prevents acetylcholine from triggering muscle contraction, leading to muscle relaxation.
WCBS-FM
WCBS-FM (101.1 FM) is a radio station owned and operated by Audacy, Inc. licensed to New York, New York, and broadcasting a classic hits format. The station's studios are in the combined Audacy facility in the Hudson Square neighborhood in Lower Manhattan, and its transmitter is located at the Empire State Building.

WCBS-FM was one of the first notable oldies stations in the country, with the format dating back to July 7, 1972. Between June 3, 2005, and July 12, 2007, the station aired the automated adult hits format "Jack FM". The new programming was unsuccessful, and WCBS-FM switched back to a personality-driven classic hits format. The station is continually ranked one of the highest-rated stations in the New York market, as well as one of the highest-rated classic hits stations in the United States.

Jack FM
Jack FM is a radio network brand that is licensed by Sparknet Communications, with the exception of the European Union where it is licensed by Oxis Media. It plays an adult hits format, in most cases not using DJs.
King Booker's Court
King Booker's Court was a villainous professional wrestling stable in World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) on its SmackDown! brand, active from May 26, 2006 to April 6, 2007. It was formed shortly after Booker T (who would become known as King Booker) won the King of the Ring tournament in mid-2006. King Booker would dub his wife Queen Sharmell and was joined by WWE Superstars from the United Kingdom: William Regal of England (renamed Sir William Regal) and Finlay of Northern Ireland (renamed Sir Finlay). Among the members of the Court, Booker, Regal and Finlay remain employed with the WWE as of 2026, while Sharmell joined the Hall of Fame Class of 2022.

Sharmell
Sharmell Sullivan-Huffman (born November 2, 1970) is an American beauty queen, dancer, professional wrestler and professional wrestling valet. She is best known for her time with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) under the ring name Queen Sharmell alongside her husband Booker T. In 2022 Sullivan was inducted in to the WWE Hall of Fame. She was also the winner of the Miss Black America pageant in 1991.
Bryansk school shooting
On 7 December 2023, a mass shooting occurred at Bryansk school in Bryansk, Bryansk Oblast, Russia. One student was killed and five others were wounded before the shooter, Alina Afanaskina, committed suicide.

Kazan school shooting
On 11 May 2021, a school shooting and bomb attack occurred in Kazan, Tatarstan, in the western part of Russia. Seven 8th-grade students and two teachers were murdered, all by gunfire, and 23 others were injured. The perpetrator was identified as 19-year-old Ilnaz Galyaviev, a former student. He pleaded guilty to the murder of two or more persons on the next day and was sentenced to life imprisonment in April 2023.
NORAD Tracks Santa
NORAD Tracks Santa, also called NORAD Santa Tracker, is an annual program in which the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) purports to track Santa Claus as he leaves the North Pole and travels around the world on his mission to deliver presents to children on Christmas Eve. The program starts on December 1, but the actual Santa-tracking starts at midnight annually on December 24. It is a community outreach function of NORAD, and has been held annually since 1955. Although NORAD claims to use radar and other technologies to track Santa, the website merely simulates the tracking of Santa.

The program follows the tradition of the September 1897 editorial "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus" in the New York Sun and was an inspiration of the Google Santa Tracker, which launched in December 2004.

Google Santa Tracker
Google Santa Tracker is an annual Christmas-themed entertainment website, launched on December 1, 2004 by Google, that simulates the tracking of the legendary character Santa Claus on Christmas Eve, using pre-determined location information. It also allows users to play, watch, and learn through various Christmas-themed activities. The site was inspired by NORAD Tracks Santa, which has operated since 1955.
Cierium
39°22′00″N 22°03′59″E﻿ / ﻿39.36679°N 22.06635°E﻿ / 39.36679; 22.06635

Cierium or Kierion (Ancient Greek: Κιέριον) was a town and polis (city-state) in the district of Thessaliotis in ancient Thessaly, which according to some ancient commentators, such as Stephanus of Byzantium was the successor to the Homeric Arne, the chief town of the Aeolian Boeotians in Thessaly, from which they emigrated to Boeotia.

Boeotia
Boeotia (/biˈoʊʃ(i)ə/ bee-OH-sh(ee-)ə; Greek: Βοιωτία, pronounced [vi.oˈti.a]; Ancient Greek: Βοιωτῐ́ᾱ, romanized: Boiōtĭ́ā) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Greece. Its capital is Livadeia, and its largest city is Thebes.

Boeotia was also a region of ancient Greece, from before the 6th century BC.
Zack Sekuler
Zack Sekuler is an American filmmaker, music video director, and musician. Notable music videos that he has directed include Sweater Weather (The Neighbourhood), Unsteady (X Ambassadors song), and Misery (Gwen Stefani song). He has directed and produced music videos for a variety of artists across different genres.

Sweater Weather
"Sweater Weather" is a song by American alternative band the Neighbourhood. The song was written by group members Jesse Rutherford, Zach Abels and Jeremy Freedman, and was produced by Justyn Pilbrow. It serves as the lead single from their debut studio album, I Love You (2013). "Sweater Weather" reached number one on the Billboard Alternative Airplay chart in June 2013, logging 11 non-consecutive weeks at the summit of the chart. Pentatonix covered the song for their 2018 album Christmas Is Here! with an accompanying music video. The song was also covered by Kurt Hugo Schneider, Alyson Stoner, and Max S in 2014.
Äänekoski
Äänekoski (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈæːneˌkːoski]) is a town in Finland, located in the Central Finland region, about 45 kilometres (28 mi) north of Jyväskylä, the region's capital city. Äänekoski has a population of 17,614, as of 30 June 2025, and covers an area of 1,138.39 square kilometres (439.53 sq mi) of which 253.84 km2 (98.01 sq mi), or 22%, is water. The population density is 19.91 inhabitants per square kilometre (51.6/sq mi).

Neighbouring municipalities are Kannonkoski, Konnevesi, Laukaa, Saarijärvi, Uurainen, Vesanto and Viitasaari.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

The municipality of Äänekosken maalaiskunta was consolidated to Äänekoski in 1969 and the municipality of Konginkangas in 1993. The municipalities of Sumiainen and Suolahti were consolidated to Äänekoski in 2007.

Äänekosken maalaiskunta
Äänekosken maalaiskunta (abbreviated as Äänekosken mlk, Swedish: Äänekoski landskommun) is a former municipality of Finland in the Central Finland region. It was consolidated with the kauppala of Äänekoski in 1969.

It bordered Äänekoski, Suolahti, Laukaa, Uurainen, Saarijärvi, Konginkangas and Sumiainen.
Rage (King novel)
Rage (written as Getting It On) is a psychological thriller novel by American writer Stephen King, the first he published under the pseudonym Richard Bachman. It was published in 1977 and was collected in the 1985 hardcover omnibus The Bachman Books. The novel describes a school shooting, and has been associated with several real-life high school shooting incidents in the 1980s and 1990s. In response, King allowed the novel to fall out of print. In 2013, in the wake of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, King published the anti-firearms violence essay "Guns".

The Bachman Books
The Bachman Books is a collection of short novels by Stephen King published under the pseudonym Richard Bachman between 1977 and 1982. It made The New York Times Best Seller list upon its release in 1985.
Gene H. Golub
Gene Howard Golub (February 29, 1932 – November 16, 2007), was an American numerical analyst who taught at Stanford University as Fletcher Jones Professor of Computer Science and held a courtesy appointment in electrical engineering.

Charles F. Van Loan
Charles Francis Van Loan is an emeritus professor of computer science, formerly the Joseph C. Ford Professor of Engineering at Cornell University, He is known for his expertise in numerical analysis, especially matrix computations.

In 2016, Van Loan became the dean of faculty at Cornell University.
Oleksandr Dombrovskyi
Oleksandr Heorhiyovych Dombrovskyi (Ukrainian: Олександр Георгійович Домбровський; born 7 July 1962) is a Ukrainian politician. He served as a member of the Verkhovna Rada (the Ukrainian parliament) from Ukraine's 11th electoral district from 2012 to 2019,. and as Governor of Vinnytsia Oblast previously from 2005 to 2010.

Governor of Vinnytsia Oblast
The governor of Vinnytsia Oblast is the head of executive branch for the Vinnytsia Oblast.

The office of governor is an appointed position, with officeholders being appointed by the president of Ukraine, on recommendation from the prime minister of Ukraine, to serve four-year term.

The governor's official residence is in Vinnytsia. Since 19 June 2020 the governor is Serhiy Borzov.
Harwich Mariners
The Harwich Mariners are a collegiate summer baseball team based in Harwich, Massachusetts. The team is a member of the Cape Cod Baseball League (CCBL) and plays in the league's East Division. The Mariners play their home games at Whitehouse Field in the historic village of Harwich Center.

Harwich has won three CCBL championships in the 21st century, most recently in 2024 by defeating the Bourne Braves two games to one to win the best of three championship series. The title was the team's fifth in the CCBL's modern era and sixth overall. Since the club's inception, over 100 players have gone on to play in Major League Baseball.

Yarmouth–Dennis Red Sox
The Yarmouth–Dennis Red Sox, or Y-D Red Sox, are a collegiate summer baseball team based in South Yarmouth, Massachusetts. The team is a member of the Cape Cod Baseball League (CCBL) and plays in the league's East Division. The Red Sox play their home games at Red Wilson Field on the campus of Dennis-Yarmouth Regional High School.

The Red Sox most recently won the CCBL championship in 2016 when they defeated the Falmouth Commodores two games to one to win the best of three championship series. The title was the team's third consecutive and sixth in a 13-year span. Since the club's inception, over 100 players have gone on to play in Major League Baseball.
London School of Jewish Studies
The London School of Jewish Studies (commonly known as LSJS, originally founded as Jews' College) is a London-based organisation providing adult educational courses and teacher training to the wider Jewish community.

Many leading figures in British Jewry have been associated with the School, including Michael Friedländer, Principal from 1865 to 1907; Isidore Epstein, Principal 1948–1961; Louis Jacobs, Moral Tutor 1959–1961; Jonathan Sacks (later Lord Sacks), Principal 1984–1990 and in recent years Ephraim Mirvis, Chief Rabbi of the UK and Commonwealth.

Translation works, including for Tanach and the Talmud, were made by "Scholars involved with Jews' College."

Michael Friedländer
Michael Friedländer (29 April 1833 – 10 December 1910) was an Orientalist and principal of Jews' College, London.  He is best known for his English translation of Maimonides' Guide to the Perplexed, which was the most popular such translation until the more recent work of Shlomo Pines, and still remains in print.
Bartolomeo Bacilieri
Bartolomeo Bacilieri (28 March 1842 – 14 February 1923) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Verona from 1900 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1901.

Diocese of Verona
The Diocese of Verona (Latin: Dioecesis Veronensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in northern Italy. The diocese belongs to the Ecclesiastical Province of Venice. The bishop of Verona has his seat in Verona, Veneto.  The episcopal throne is in the cathedral, which had originally been dedicated to S. Maria Matricolare and S. George.
Anti-Americanism among African Americans
Anti-Americanism has been a recurring theme among several influential African American political organizations and activists due to racism against African Americans domestically, and against other non-white people internationally. African-American anti-Americanism can be contrasted with African-American patriotism, although the two are not necessarily mutually exclusive antonyms.

African-American patriotism
Patriotism toward the United States is a contentious topic among African Americans due to historical and present day racism. As a result, different beliefs have formed, regarding the role of patriotism in the lives of African Americans.
Ge Cuilin
Ge Cuilin (Chinese: 葛翠琳; 1930–2022) was a Chinese children's author. Known principally for her fairy tales, she also wrote essays, plays, and a novel. She won the National Outstanding Children's Literature Award of the Chinese Writers Association multiple times. Her 1956 fairy tale collection Wild Grape was adapted into a puppet film and translated into several languages. She co-founded the Bing Xin Children's Literature Award with Han Suyin and Bing Xin. She was a member of the All-China Women's Federation and graduated from Yenching University.

National Outstanding Children's Literature Award
The National Outstanding Children's Literature Award (Chinese: 全国优秀儿童文学奖) is a major literary award in China, established in 1986. It is run by the China Writers Association, and is awarded every three years in the categories of novels, picture books, poetry, essays and non-fiction.

It was one of a series of literary awards organised on a national level from 1978, typically known as "National Outstanding" prizes. In the 1950s there had been awards for theatrical works and performance, but not for fiction, poetry and the other arts.
Henry Dennis (sheriff)
Henry Dennis (Feb 1594 – 26 June 1638) was High Sheriff of Gloucestershire in 1629. He was lord of the manor of Pucklechurch, Gloucestershire. The Dennis family produced more Sheriffs of Gloucestershire than any other family. Like many members of the Gloucestershire gentry he refused to take a knighthood at the coronation of King Charles I in 1625, for which he paid a composition of £25.

High Sheriff of Gloucestershire
This is a list of Sheriffs and High Sheriffs of Gloucestershire, who should not be confused with the Sheriffs of the City of Gloucester.

The High Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown (in England and Wales the office previously known as sheriff was retitled High Sheriff on 1 April 1974). Formerly the Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that the High Sheriff's functions are now largely ceremonial.  The High Sheriff changes every March.

As of 2006, the Sheriff's territory or bailiwick is covered by the administrative areas of Gloucestershire County Council and of South Gloucestershire District Council. Sir Robert Atkyns, the historian of Gloucester, writing in 1712 stated that no family had produced more Sheriffs of this county than Denys.
City of Sandringham
The City of Sandringham was a local government area about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia, on the eastern side of Port Phillip. The city covered an area of 14.97 square kilometres (5.78 sq mi), and existed from 1917 until 1994.

City of Moorabbin
The City of Moorabbin was a local government area about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covered an area of 53.13 square kilometres (20.51 sq mi), and existed from 1862 until 1994.
Initiative 77
Initiative 77 was a voter-approved ballot initiative in Washington, D.C., to phase out the special minimum wage for tipped employees as part of the national Fight for $15 campaign. In the June 2018 primary election, D.C. voters approved Initiative 77 by a margin of 56% to 44%; however, the D.C. Council repealed the initiative in October before it could enter into force. In 2022, a nearly identical Initiative 82 was passed by voters on November 8, 2022, and went into effect the following year.

Initiative 82
Initiative 82 was a voter-approved ballot initiative in Washington, D.C., to phase out the special minimum wage for tipped employees as part of the national Fight for $15 campaign. In the November 2022 general election, D.C. voters approved Initiative 82 by a margin of 74% to 26%, though about 12% of all participating voters did not vote on the initiative. It was nearly identical to Initiative 77, a ballot measure in the 2018 primary election that was approved by D.C. voters but later overturned by the D.C. Council before it could enter into force.

Initiative 82 passed its 30-day legislative review period and became law on February 23, 2023, however on January 17, 2023, the DC Council voted to delay the first pay increase until May 1, 2023.
US Monastir (football)
Union Sportive Monastirienne (Arabic: الاتحاد الرياضي المنستيري), known as US Monastir or simply USM, is a Tunisian football club based in Monastir. The club was founded in 1923, and its colours are blue and white. Their home stadium, Mustapha Ben Jannet Stadium, has a capacity of 20,000 spectators. The club currently competes in the Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1.
The club has historical ties to Monastirian nationalists, such as Mustapha Ben Jannet. US Monastir have won two major trophies in its history: the Tunisian Cup and the Tunisian Super Cup, both in 2020.

Mustapha Ben Jannet Stadium
Mustapha Ben Jannet Stadium (Arabic: ملعب مصطفى بن جنات) is a multi-use stadium in Monastir, Tunisia.  It is currently used by US Monastir, and was used for the 2004 African Cup of Nations.  The stadium holds 20,000 people and sometimes, it's used as a home for Tunisia national football team.
Acylindrically hyperbolic group
In the mathematical subject of geometric group theory, an acylindrically hyperbolic group is a group admitting a non-elementary 'acylindrical' isometric action on some geodesic hyperbolic metric space. This notion generalizes the notions of a hyperbolic group and of a relatively hyperbolic group and includes a significantly wider class of examples, such as mapping class groups and Out(Fn).

Out(Fn)
In mathematics, Out(Fn) is the outer automorphism group of a free group on n generators. These groups are at universal stage in geometric group theory, as they act on the set of presentations with  generators of any finitely generated group. Despite geometric analogies with general linear groups and mapping class groups, their complexity is generally regarded as more challenging, which has fueled the development of new techniques in the field.
6th Cuirassier Regiment (France)
The 6th Cuirassier Regiment (French: 6e Régiment de Cuirassiers,6e RC) was an ancient French cavalry regiment.  It has since merged with the 12th Cuirassier Regiment to form the 6th-12th Cuirassier Regiment.

6th-12th Cuirassier Regiment
The 6th-12th Cuirassier Regiment  (French: 6e-12e Régiment de Cuirassiers,6e-12e RC) was an armoured cavalry (tank) regiment of the French Army. It was the armoured component of the 2nd Armoured Brigade.
Penna River
Penna (originally known as Penneru, also known as Pinakini, Penneru, Penner, Pennar, Pennai) is a river of southern India. After originating from Nandi hills, it flows as two different streams, one in North and South directions. The Penna rises in the Nandi Hills in Chikkaballapur District of Karnataka state, and runs north and east through the states of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh to empty into bay of bengal in Andhra Pradesh. It is 597 kilometres (371 mi) long, with a drainage basin covering 55,213 km2: 6,937 km2 in Karnataka and 48,276 km2 in Andhra Pradesh. Along with this main stream is another stream south towards Tamil Nadu with the name Then Pennai or south Pennar which further moves towards the east to empty into the Bay of Bengal. The Penna river basin lies in the rain shadow region of Eastern Ghats and receives 500 mm average rainfall annually.

Nandi Hills, India
Nandi Hills (Anglicised forms include Nandidurg and Nandydoorg) is an ancient hill fortress built by the Ganga dynasty in the Chikkaballapur district of Karnataka state. It is now a locality situated 10 km from Chickballapur town and approximately 60 km from Bengaluru. The hills are near the town of Nandi. In traditional belief, the hills are the origin of the Arkavathy river, Ponnaiyar River, Palar River, Papagni River and Penna River. Watching the sunrise at Nandi Hills is popular with tourists. The second SAARC summit was held at Nandi Hills in 1986.
Ulises de la Cruz
Ulises Hernán de la Cruz Bernardo (born 8 February 1974) is an Ecuadorian former footballer, who since 2013 has been a member of his country's National Assembly for the governing Mover.

A defender, he played 101 times for the Ecuador national team between 1995 and 2010, and was selected for two FIFA World Cup tournaments. He spent his club career at Deportivo Quito, Barcelona S.C., Aucas, Cruzeiro, Hibernian, Aston Villa, Reading and Birmingham City.

De la Cruz has set up a charity, Friends of FundeCruz, in his home village to fund a number of projects serving the local community.

Iván Hurtado
Iván Jacinto Hurtado Angulo (born 16 August 1974) is an Ecuadorian politician and former professional footballer who played as a centre back.

Hurtado participated at six Copa Américas and two FIFA World Cups. With 168 international appearances for Ecuador between 1992 and 2014, he is considered one of the best Ecuadorian players of all time and was the most capped South American male footballer until Lionel Messi overtook him during the 2022 FIFA World Cup. He is also the 17th-most-capped male international footballer.

In 2013, Hurtado entered politics and was elected to the National Assembly for the PAIS Alliance.
Karum (trade post)
Karum (Akkadian: kārum "quay, port, commercial district", plural kārū, from Sumerian kar "fortification (of a harbor), breakwater") is the name given to ancient Old Assyrian period trade posts 
in Anatolia (modern Turkey) from the 20th to 18th centuries BC. The main centre of karum trading was at the ancient town of Kanesh.

Kültepe
Kültepe (Turkish: lit. 'ash-hill'), also known under its ancient name Kaneš (Kanesh, sometimes also Kaniš/Kanish)  or Neša (Nesha), is an archaeological site in Kayseri Province, Turkey. It was already a major settlement at the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC (Early Bronze Age), but it is world-renowned for its significance at the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC (Middle Bronze Age).  The archaeological site consists of a large mound (also known as  höyük, tepe or tell), and a lower city, where a kārum (the Assyrian word for trading district) was established in the beginning of the 2nd Millennium BC. So far, 23,500 cuneiform tablets recovered from private houses constitute the largest collection of private texts in the ancient Near East. In 2014, the archaeological site was inscribed in the Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turkey.