hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SS Liberty Glo
SS Liberty Glo (originally Scooba) was built by American International Shipbuilding at Hog Island in Philadelphia during World War I, but was not completed until after the November 1918 armistice. While off the Dutch coast in December 1919, it struck a mine which broke her in two, but the aft part of the vessel remained afloat and was repaired. She served as a civilian cargo ship during World War II and was scrapped in 1950 in Baltimore.

Hog Islander
Hog Islanders is the slang for ships built to Emergency Fleet Corporation designs number 1022 and 1024. These vessels were cargo and troop transport ships, respectively, built under government direction and subsidy to address a shortage of ships in the United States Merchant Marine during World War I. American International Shipbuilding, subsidized by the United States Shipping Board, built an emergency shipyard on Hog Island at the site of the present-day Philadelphia International Airport.

No ships were produced in time to participate in World War I, but many ships were active in World War II, with roughly half of those produced at Hog Island being sunk in that conflict. During the planning stage, 120 ship names based on the "aboriginal inhabitants of the United States" were selected by First Lady Edith Wilson (Mrs. Woodrow Wilson), although most were changed before completion.
Niagara Falls (1941 film)
Niagara Falls is a 1941 American comedy film directed by Gordon Douglas and starring Marjorie Woodworth, Tom Brown and ZaSu Pitts. The film is a comedy of errors produced as one of Hal Roach's Streamliners.

Hal Roach's Streamliners
"Hal Roach's Streamliners" are a series of featurette comedy films created by Hal Roach that are longer than a short subject and shorter than a feature film, not exceeding 50 minutes in length. Twenty of the 29 features that Roach produced for United Artists were in the streamliner format. They usually consisted of five 10-minute reels.
Kir Stefan the Serb
Kir Stefan the Serb (Serbian Cyrillic: Кир Стефан Србин/Kir Stefan Srbin; second half of the 14th and 15th century) was a Serbian monk, protopsaltos, musicologist, choirmaster. More importantly, composers of the chants developed within the sphere of the activities of the Byzantine church in the Serbian state. Together with (but independently from) Isaiah the Serb and Nikola the Serb he followed faithfully the Byzantine musical traditions, writing in the late kalophonic style of the 14th and 15th centuries. With his distinctive compositional style, he is one of the earliest (if not the earliest) identifiable Medieval Serbian composers and also one of the founders of a new and distinctive style called Serbo-Byzantine school.

Nikola the Serb
Nikola the Serb (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Србин/Nikola Srbin; fl. late 14th century) was a Serbian Orthodox hieromonk, protopsaltes (chief singer) and one of the known composers of the Serbian Middle Ages, alongside Kir Stefan the Serb, Isaiah the Serb and Kir Joakim.
Annemieke Bes
Annemieke Marileen Bes (born 16 March 1978 in Groningen) is a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented her country for the first time at the 2004 Summer Olympics  in Athens. The Dutch Yngling helmed by Annelies Thies and crewed by Bes and Petronella de Jong took the 4th place. Bes returned to the Olympics, again in the Dutch Yngling, during the 2008 Olympics this time with fellow crewmember Merel Witteveen and helmsman Mandy Mulder. The Dutch Yngling team took the Silver Medal in Qingdao. Bes than switched to the Elliott 6m Match racing. During the 2012 Olympics the team with helmsman Renee Groeneveld and crewmembers Bes and Marcelien Bos-de Koning took 8th place in Weymouth.

Merel Witteveen
Merel Witteveen (born 12 May 1985, in Leiden) is a sailor from the Netherlands. Witteveen represented her country at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Qingdao. With fellow crew member Annemieke Bes and Mandy Mulder as helmsman, Witteveen took Silver medal in the Yngling.
Where's Waldo? (2019 TV series)
Where's Waldo? (known outside North America as Where's Wally?) is an American animated children's television series produced by DreamWorks Animation Television, based on the Where's Wally? book series created by Martin Handford. It is the second television adaptation of the series, succeeding the 1991 animated series, and incorporates elements from that series. The series debuted on Universal Kids on July 20, 2019. It moved to the streaming service Peacock for its second season on July 15, 2020.
Additional episodes of the series aired on December 11 the same year. Other media featuring the titular character include the 1991 original animated television series and the series of books.

Where's Wally? (TV series)
Where's Wally? (called Where's Waldo? in North America) is an animated television series production based on the Where's Wally? books by Martin Handford and aired on CBS in the United States and ITV in the United Kingdom for one season with a series of four episodes being released straight-to-video following afterwards. The series was produced by The Waldo Film Company, Handford's vanity label for the Where's Wally? property, with DIC Enterprises handling animation production and HIT Communications PLC handling worldwide distribution, although both companies were not involved with the later direct-to-video specials.
O'Hara's Battery
O'Hara's Battery is an artillery battery in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. It is located at the highest point of the Rock of Gibraltar, near the southern end of the Upper Rock Nature Reserve, in close proximity to Lord Airey's Battery. It was constructed in 1890 at the former site of a watchtower that had earned the name O'Hara's Folly. The battery and tower were both named after the Governor of Gibraltar Charles O'Hara. The first gun mounted on the battery was a 6-inch breech loading gun, which was replaced with a
9.2 inch Mark X BL gun in 1901. The battery was in use during World War II and was last fired during training exercises in 1976. O'Hara's Battery has been refurbished and is open to the public. The battery and its associated works are listed with the Gibraltar Heritage Trust.

Lord Airey's Battery
Lord Airey's Battery is an artillery battery in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. It is located near the southern end of the Upper Rock Nature Reserve, just north of O'Hara's Battery. It was named after the Governor of Gibraltar, General Sir Richard Airey. Construction of the battery was completed in 1891. The first gun mounted on the battery was a 6-inch breech loading gun, which was replaced with a 9.2-inch Mark X BL gun by 1900. The gun at the battery was last fired in the 1970s. In 1997, it was discovered that Lord Airey's Shelter, adjacent to Lord Airey's Battery, was the site chosen for a covert World War II operation that entailed construction of a cave complex in the Rock of Gibraltar, to serve as an observation post. The battery is listed with the Gibraltar Heritage Trust.
The Journey: Our Homeland
The Journey: Our Homeland (Chinese: 信约：我们的家园, also known as Our Homeland) is the third and final season of Mediacorp Channel 8's nation-building trilogy The Journey, the previous two being The Journey: A Voyage and The Journey: Tumultuous Times. Production began in January 2015 and debut in 16 July 2015 with a total of 30 episodes. It stars third generation casts, Rui En, Shane Pow, Julie Tan, Ian Fang, Rebecca Lim, Romeo Tan, Jeffrey Xu and Zhang Zhenhuan as the main cast of the third instalment.

The Journey: Tumultuous Times
The Journey: Tumultuous Times (Chinese: 信约：动荡的年代, also known as Tumultuous Times) is a Chinese language period drama which aired on MediaCorp Channel 8. It is the second of The Journey trilogy which chronicles the history of Singapore through the eyes of immigrants during the pre-World War II era until contemporary times. It stars second generation casts of Shaun Chen, Jeanette Aw, Andie Chen, Felicia Chin, Romeo Tan, and Chen Hanwei as the main cast of the second instalment.

The Journey culminates in Singapore's nation building celebrations in 2015 with The Journey: Our Homeland, in time for Singapore's 50th National Day.
Adam Galinsky
Adam Daniel Galinsky (born 1969) is an American social psychologist known for his research on leadership, power, negotiations, decision-making, diversity, and ethics. He is Vikram S. Pandit Professor of Business and Chair of Management Division at Columbia Business School.

With Maurice Schweitzer, he is co-author of Friend and Foe: When to Cooperate, When to Compete, and How to Succeed at Both (2015).

Maurice Schweitzer
Maurice E. Schweitzer is Cecilia Yen Koo Professor, Professor of Operations and Information Management, at the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania. Along with Adam Galinsky, he co-wrote Friend & Foe: When to Cooperate, When to Compete, and How to Succeed at Both (ISBN 0307720217).
Mikail (son of Seljuk)
Mikail was a Turkic chieftain who lived in the 10th century and early 11th century.

His father was Seljuk who is known as the founder of the Seljuk dynasty. Although his grandsons would be sultans after his death, Seljuk was only a leader of a tribe named Kınık which was a part of a loosely formed Oghuz Turk confederation (see Oghuz Yabgu State).

Mikail was one of the sons of Seljuk Beg. Just like other Oghuz people Seljuk and his sons were initially non Muslim. But after conversion, they began fighting against non Muslims. Mikail was killed in one of these battles. Although his exact death date is uncertain, it must be in the early 11th century (perhaps 1009).

Mikail Beg had two sons: Chagri (989–1060) and Tughril (990–1063). The Seljuk Empire was founded by them. Chagri is the ancestor of all later Seljuk sultans (except those in Seljuks of Rum).

Seljuk (leader)
Seljuk (died c. 1007 or 1009), variously romanized, was an Oghuz Turk warlord. He was the eponymous founder of the Seljuk dynasty and the namesake of Selçuk, the modern town near the ruins of ancient Ephesus in Turkey.
Sand rammer
A sand rammer is a piece of equipment used in foundry sand testing to make test specimen of molding sand by compacting bulk material by free fixed height drop of fixed weight for 3 times. It is also used to determine compactibility of sands by using special specimen tubes and a linear scale.

Molding sand
Molding sand, also known as foundry sand, is a sand that when moistened and compressed or oiled or heated tends to pack well and hold its shape.  It is used in the process of sand casting for preparing the mold cavity.
Bianconi–Barabási model
The Bianconi–Barabási model is a model in network science that explains the growth of complex evolving networks. This model can explain that nodes with different characteristics acquire links at different rates. It predicts that a node's growth depends on its fitness and can calculate the degree distribution. The Bianconi–Barabási model  is named after its inventors Ginestra Bianconi and Albert-László Barabási. This model is a variant of the  Barabási–Albert model. The model can be mapped to a Bose gas and this mapping can predict a topological phase transition between a "rich-get-richer" phase and a "winner-takes-all" phase.

Barabási–Albert model
The Barabási–Albert (BA) model is an algorithm for generating random scale-free networks using a preferential attachment mechanism. Several natural and human-made systems, including the Internet, the World Wide Web, citation networks, and some social networks are thought to be approximately scale-free and certainly contain few nodes (called hubs) with unusually high degree as compared to the other nodes of the network. The BA model tries to explain the existence of such nodes in real networks. The algorithm is named for its inventors Albert-László Barabási and Réka Albert.
Cyclotomic polynomial
In mathematics, the -th cyclotomic polynomial, for any positive integer , is the unique irreducible polynomial with integer coefficients that is a divisor of  and is not a divisor of  for any . Its roots are all -th primitive roots of unity
, where  runs over the positive integers up to  and coprime to  (where  is the imaginary unit). In other words, the -th cyclotomic polynomial is equal to

It may also be defined as the monic polynomial with integer coefficients that is the minimal polynomial over the field of the rational numbers of any primitive nth-root of unity ( is an example of such a root).

An important relation linking cyclotomic polynomials and primitive roots of unity is

showing that  is a root of  if and only if it is a -th primitive root of unity for some  that divides .

Root of unity
In mathematics, a root of unity is any complex number that yields 1 when raised to some positive integer power n. Roots of unity are used in many branches of mathematics, and are especially important in number theory, the theory of group characters, and the discrete Fourier transform. It is occasionally called a de Moivre number after French mathematician Abraham de Moivre.

Roots of unity can be defined in any field. If the characteristic of the field is zero, the roots are complex numbers that are also algebraic integers. For fields with a positive characteristic, the roots belong to a finite field, and, conversely, every nonzero element of a finite field is a root of unity. Any algebraically closed field contains exactly n nth roots of unity, except when n is a multiple of the (positive) characteristic of the field.
National Bank of Rolla Building
The National Bank of Rolla Building was opened in March 1931 at 8th and Pine Streets in Rolla, Missouri, midway between St. Louis and Springfield. Because of its architectural character and its importance in the life of the city and history of U.S. Route 66, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Rolla, Missouri
Rolla (/ˈrɒlə/) is a city in and the county seat of Phelps County, Missouri, United States.  Its population in the 2020 United States Census was 19,943.  It is approximately midway between St. Louis and Springfield along I-44. Its micropolitan statistical area consists of Phelps County, Missouri. Nearby is an inactive township (Rolla Township).

It is the home of the Missouri University of Science and Technology, well known for its many engineering departments and computer science department.

The headquarters of the Mark Twain National Forest is in Rolla. The city is also within the Ozark Highlands American Viticultural Area, with vineyards first established by Italian immigrants to the area.
Gate
A gate or gateway is a point of entry to or from a space enclosed by walls. The word is derived from Proto-Germanic *gatan, meaning an opening or passageway. Synonyms include yett (which comes from the same root word) and portal. The concept originally referred to the gap or hole in the wall or fence, rather than a barrier which closed it. Gates may prevent or control the entry or exit of individuals, or they may be merely decorative. The moving part or parts of a gateway may be considered "doors", as they are fixed at one side whilst opening and closing like one.

A gate might have a latch that can be raised and lowered to both open a gate or prevent it from swinging. Gate operation can be either automated or manual. Locks are also used on gates to increase security.

Larger gates can be used for a whole building, such as a castle or fortified town. Doors can also be considered gates when they are used to block entry as prevalent within a gatehouse.

Portal (architecture)
A portal is an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, especially a grand entrance to an important structure.

Doors, metal gates, or portcullis in the opening can be used to control entry or exit. The surface surrounding the opening may be made of simple building materials or decorated with ornamentation. The elements of a portal can include the voussoir, tympanum, an ornamented mullion or trumeau between doors, and columns with carvings of saints in the westwork of a church.
Lughaya District
Lughaya District (Somali: Degmada Lughaya) is a district of the Awdal region in Somaliland. As of 2005, the Lughaya District had an estimated population of 36,104 residents.

As of 2007, Lughaya District's administrative division in Somaliland is C. (A being the highest and D being the lowest.)

Although it is an old port town, no large port is suitable for overseas trade.

Awdal
Awdal (Somali: Awdal, Arabic: أودَل)  is an administrative region (gobol) in western Somaliland. It was separated from Woqooyi Galbeed and became a province in 1984 and is the most northwesterly province of Somaliland. To the east it borders Maroodi Jeex and Sahil; to its north-west it borders Djibouti; to its south and south-west lies Ethiopia; and the Gulf of Aden is to its north. The province has an estimated population of 1,010,566. The region comprises the four districts of Borama, the regional capital, Baki, Lughaya, and Zeila.
Kappa Eta Kappa
Kappa Eta Kappa (ΚΗΚ) is an American co-educational professional fraternity and sorority for students of electrical engineering, computer engineering, and allied technical fields. Founded in 1923 at the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa, it is a member of the Professional Fraternity Association (PFA). As of 2025, Kappa Eta Kappa comprises three active collegiate chapters, three alumni associations, and an estimated lifetime membership of six thousand.

Professional Fraternity Association
The Professional Fraternity Association (PFA) is an American association of national, collegiate, professional fraternities and sororities that was formed in 1978. Since PFA groups are discipline-specific, members join while pursuing graduate (law, medicine, etc.) degrees as well as undergraduate (business, engineering, etc.) degrees. PFA groups seek to develop their members professionally in addition to the social development commonly associated with Panhellenic fraternities. Membership requirements of the PFA are broad enough to include groups that do not recruit new members from a single professional discipline. The PFA has welcomed service and honor fraternities as members; however, Greek letter honor societies more commonly belong to the Association of College Honor Societies.
J. Clarence Karcher
John Clarence Karcher (April 15, 1894 – July 13, 1978) was an American geophysicist and businessman. He invented and eventually commercialized the reflection seismograph, applying for patents in 1919. By the patenting, and development of reflection seismography, he created the means by which most of the world's oil reserves have been discovered. In 1930 he, Eugene McDermott, and Everette Lee DeGolyer founded Geophysical Service Incorporated, a pioneering provider of seismic exploration services to the petroleum industry that focused on reflection seismology.

Everette Lee DeGolyer
Everette Lee DeGolyer (October 9, 1886 – December 14, 1956), was a prominent oil company executive, petroleum exploration geophysicist and philanthropist in Dallas. He was known as "the founder of applied geophysics in the petroleum industry", and as "the father of American geophysics," and was a legendary collector of rare and often early edition books primarily in the fields of Southwestern history, railroads, law, geology, science and physics, and both English and American literature.
Schomberg and Aurora Railway
The Schomberg and Aurora Railway (S&AR, also nicknamed the "Annie Rooney") was a 36 km long railway in Ontario, Canada, running from the town of Schomberg to Oak Ridges, just south of Aurora. It connected Schomberg to the Metropolitan Line of the Toronto and York Radial Railway (T&YRR) tram service running along Yonge Street, and from there into the Toronto city proper. The service ran for 25 years between 1902 and 1927; the rails were pulled up shortly thereafter.

In 1902, the Schomberg and Aurora Railway was acquired by the Metropolitan Street Railway which in turn was acquired by the Toronto and York Radial Railway in 1904.

Toronto and York Radial Railway
The Toronto and York Radial Railway was a transit operator providing services to the suburbs of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was a subsidiary of the Toronto Railway Company. The company was created by merging four Toronto-area interurban operations. The company was part of the empire of railway entrepreneurs Sir William Mackenzie and Donald Mann which included the Canadian Northern Railway and the parent Toronto Railway Company. The line was abandoned by the TTC in 1948.
Dollarway School District
Dollarway School District No. 2 (DSD) was a school district headquartered in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, United States. With over 1,600 students and employing more than 300 educators and staff, the district had three active school campuses at the end of its life.

It served sections of Pine Bluff as well as the municipalities of Altheimer, Sherrill, and Wabbaseka. It was one of four school districts to serve sections of Pine Bluff. It also served the unincorporated areas of Hardin, Lake Dick, New Gascony, Pastoria, Plum Bayou, Sweden, Tucker, and Wright.

It merged into the Pine Bluff School District effective July 1, 2021.

Pine Bluff School District
Pine Bluff School District No. 3 (PBSD) is a school district headquartered in Pine Bluff, Arkansas.  The district has 10 schools with over 3,800 students and 500 employees.

The headquarters are the Jordan-Chanay Administrative Center in Pine Bluff.

It is one of the largest school districts in the Pine Bluff Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Haps
Haps is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the former municipality of Cuijk, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of the town of Cuijk. Since 2022 it has been part of the new municipality of Land van Cuijk.

Cuijk
Cuijk (pronunciationⓘ; dialect: Kuuk) is a town in the northeastern part of the province of North Brabant, Netherlands. It is the successor of a Roman settlement on the west bank of the Meuse, 13 km (8.1 mi) south of Nijmegen. Cuijk, which had a population of 18,170 as of 2020, was the centre of an eponymous municipality, which ceased to exist on 1 January 2022, when it was replaced by the larger Land van Cuijk municipality.
Ölüdeniz
Ölüdeniz (literally "Dead Sea", due to its calm waters even during storms; official translation: Blue Lagoon) is a town of the municipality and district of Fethiye, Muğla Province, Turkey. Its population is 6,132 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is a beach resort on the Turkish Riviera, at the conjunction point of the Aegean and Mediterranean seas. It is located 14 km (9 mi) south of Fethiye, near Mount Babadağ.

It has a sandy bay at the mouth of Ölüdeniz, on a blue lagoon. The beach itself is a pebble beach. The lagoon is a national nature reserve and construction is strictly prohibited. The seawater of Ölüdeniz is famous for its shades of turquoise and aquamarine, while its beach is an official Blue Flag beach.

Fethiye
Fethiye (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈfethije]) is a municipality and district of Muğla Province, Turkey. Its area is 875 km2, and its population is 177,702 (2022). It is one of the prominent tourist destinations in the Turkish Riviera. It was formerly known as Makri, and Meğri.
Edward Brooker
William Edward Brooker (4 January 1891 – 18 June 1948) was a Labor Party politician. He became the interim Premier of Tasmania on 19 December 1947 while Robert Cosgrove was facing corruption charges. He died on 18 June 1948, shortly after returning the premiership to Cosgrove on 24 February 1948.

Robert Cosgrove
Sir Robert Cosgrove KCMG (28 December 1884 – 25 August 1969) was an Australian politician who was the 30th and longest-serving Premier of Tasmania. He held office for over 18 years, serving from 1939 to 1947 and from 1948 to 1958. His involvement in state politics spanned five decades, and he dominated the Tasmanian branch of the Australian Labor Party for a generation.