hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tolga Municipality
Tolga is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Østerdalen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Tolga. Other villages in the municipality include Hodalen, Øversjødalen, and Vingelen.

The 1,123-square-kilometre (434 sq mi) municipality is the 99th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Tolga Municipality is the 301st most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,606. The municipality's population density is 1.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (3.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3.3% over the previous 10-year period.

Øversjødalen
Øversjødalen is a village in Tolga Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located at the northern end of the lake Langsjøen. The village of Tolga lies about 40 kilometres (25 mi) to the southeast of Øversjødalen. The village of Hodalen lies about half-way between Øversjødalen and Tolga. Øversjødalen lies along County Road 26 which runs between the villages of Tolga and Drevsjø.

The mountain Elgspiggen lies about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to the southwest of the village. The Holøydalen Church is located on the west side of the village.
Winterthur Seen railway station
Winterthur Seen railway station (German: Bahnhof Winterthur Seen) is a railway station that serves Seen, which is district 3 in the city of Winterthur, in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. It forms part of the Töss Valley line section between Winterthur and Bauma. It is one of ten railway stations in the city of Winterthur (fare zone 120 of ZVV), the others being: Oberwinterthur, Reutlingen, Sennhof-Kyburg, Winterthur, Winterthur Grüze, Winterthur Hegi, Winterthur Töss, Winterthur Wallrüti, and Winterthur Wülflingen.

Seen (Winterthur)
Seen (German pronunciation: [ˈzeːən] ⓘ) is a district in the Swiss city of Winterthur. It is district number 3.

The district comprises the quarters Waser, Büelwiesen, Waldegg, Ganzenbühl, Sonnenberg, Ricketwil, Oberseen, Gotzenwil, Eidberg, Iberg and Sennhof.

Seen was formerly a municipality of its own, but was incorporated into Winterthur in 1922.
Foxton, New Zealand
Foxton (Māori: Te Awahou) is a town in the Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand - on the lower west coast of the North Island, in the Horowhenua district, 30 km (19 mi) southwest of Palmerston North and just north of Levin. The town is located close to the banks of the Manawatū River. It is situated on State Highway 1, roughly in the middle between Tongariro National Park and Wellington.

The slightly smaller coastal settlement of Foxton Beach is considered part of Foxton, and is located 6 km (4 mi) to the west, on the Tasman Sea coastline.

The population was 3,520 as of June 2025.

Foxton has preserved its heritage — both Māori and Pākehā — through its parks, heritage buildings and four museums. The Manawatū River Loop and estuary creates an environment that features walkways and Ramsar wetlands with 93 species of birds.

State Highway 1 (New Zealand)
State Highway 1 (SH 1) is the longest and most significant road in the New Zealand road network, running the length of both main islands. It appears on road maps as SH 1 and on road signs as a white number 1 on a red shield, but it has the  official designations SH 1N in the North Island and SH 1S in the South Island.

SH 1 is 2,006 kilometres (1,246 mi) long, 1,074 km (667 mi) in the North Island and 932 km (579 mi) in the South Island. Since 2010 new roads have reduced the length from 2,033 km (1,263 mi). For the majority of its length it is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, in both rural and urban areas. These sections have some passing lanes. Around 315 km (196 mi) of SH 1 is of motorway or expressway standard as of August 2022: 281 km (175 mi) in the North Island and 34 km (21 mi) in the South Island.
Saxe-Lauenburg
The Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg (German: Herzogtum Sachsen-Lauenburg, Danish: Hertugdømmet Sachsen-Lauenborg), was a reichsfrei duchy that existed from 1296 to 1803 and again from 1814 to 1876 in the extreme southeast region of what is now Schleswig-Holstein. Its territorial centre was in the modern district of Herzogtum Lauenburg and originally its eponymous capital was Lauenburg upon Elbe, though the capital moved to Ratzeburg in 1619.

District of Duchy of Lauenburg
Duchy of Lauenburg (German: Herzogtum Lauenburg [ˈhɛʁtsoːktuːm ˈlaʊənbʊʁk] ⓘ) is the southernmost Kreis, or district, officially called District of Duchy of Lauenburg (German: Kreis Herzogtum Lauenburg), of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bordered by (from the west and clockwise) the district of Stormarn, the city of Lübeck, the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (districts of Nordwestmecklenburg and Ludwigslust-Parchim), the state of Lower Saxony (districts of Lüneburg and Harburg), and the city state of Hamburg. The district of Herzogtum Lauenburg is named after the former Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg.
Palestinian Civil Defence
The Palestinian Civil Defence (PCD; Arabic: الدفاع المدني الفلسطيني) is one of the main branches of the Palestinian Security Services under direct responsibility of the Minister of the Interior. The organization is responsible for emergency services and rescue in areas under the control of the Palestinian Authority, as well as in the Hamas-run Gaza Strip.

Palestinian Security Services
The Palestinian Security Services (PSS) are the armed forces and intelligence agencies of the State of Palestine. They comprise twelve branches, notably the Security Forces, the civil police, the Presidential Guard and the national security forces. The President of the Palestinian National Authority is Commander-in-Chief of the Palestinian Forces.

One in 16 West Bank Palestinians work for these branches, making the area one of the most policed populations in the world. Both their training and funding are mainly provided by the United States and Israel. The Palestinian Authority spends more on its security than the combined budgetry disbursements it makes for education and health services.
Jeremiah 7
Jeremiah 7 is the seventh chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. Chapters 7 to 10 constitute an address delivered by Jeremiah at the gate of the Temple in Jerusalem.

Jeremiah 10
Jeremiah 10 is the tenth chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets.
Goursat's lemma
Goursat's lemma, named after the French mathematician Édouard Goursat, is an algebraic theorem about subgroups of the direct product of two groups.

It can be stated more generally in a Goursat variety (and consequently it also holds in any Maltsev variety), from which one recovers a more general version of Zassenhaus' butterfly lemma. In this form, Goursat's lemma also implies the snake lemma .

Direct product of groups
In mathematics, specifically in group theory, the direct product is an operation that takes two groups G and H and constructs a new group, usually denoted G × H.  This operation is the group-theoretic analogue of the Cartesian product of sets and is one of several important notions of direct product in mathematics.

In the context of abelian groups, the direct product is sometimes referred to as the direct sum, and is denoted .  Direct sums play an important role in the classification of abelian groups: according to the fundamental theorem of finite abelian groups, every finite abelian group can be expressed as the direct sum of cyclic groups.
Rival (consumer products company)
The Rival Company is an American manufacturer of small appliances that produces products under the Bionaire, Crock-Pot, Fasco, Patton, Pollenex, Rival, Simer, and White Mountain brands. It became a wholly owned subsidiary of Holmes Products Corp. in 1999, and later became a brand of Sunbeam Products, a subsidiary of Jarden Corporation, which purchased Holmes in 2005. Jarden, in turn, merged with Newell Rubbermaid in 2016. It is now part of the Newell Brands company.

Jarden
Jarden was an American consumer products company. Formed by the spin out of Ball Corporation's canning business, the company became a wider conglomerate of consumer brands, particularly in the outdoors and home appliances market. Jarden was acquired in 2016 by Newell Rubbermaid, which renamed itself Newell Brands.
Budapest 18th constituency
The 18th constituency of Budapest (Hungarian: Budapesti 18. számú országgyűlési egyéni választókerület) is one of the single member constituencies of the National Assembly, the national legislature of Hungary. The constituency standard abbreviation: Budapest 18. OEVK.

Since 2018, it has been represented by Gyula Molnár of the Fidesz–KDNP party alliance.

Budapest 17th constituency
The 17th constituency of Budapest (Hungarian: Budapesti 17. számú országgyűlési egyéni választókerület) is one of the single member constituencies of the National Assembly, the national legislature of Hungary. The constituency standard abbreviation: Budapest 17. OEVK.

Since 2014, it has been represented by independent politician Szabolcs Szabó, supported by Momentum.
Tala Mi Thiri
Tala Mi Thiri (Burmese: တလမည်သီရိ, pronounced [təla̰ mì θìɹḭ]; also တလမေသီရိ) was a princess of Martaban–Hanthawaddy Kingdom. She was the eldest daughter of King Binnya U and elder half-sister of King Razadarit.

Her first marriage to King Kue Na of Lan Na from c. 1365 to c. 1371 ended in a divorce. Her second marriage to Smin Maru, a wealthy son of a court official, was marred by an alleged long-running affair between Maru and her aunt Princess Maha Dewi.

Smin Maru
Smin Maru (Burmese: သမိန်မရူး, Burmese pronunciation: [θəmèiɴ məɹú] or [θəmèiɴ məjú]; also spelled Smim Maru d. 1384) was a general of the Royal Hanthawaddy Army, and a pretender to the Hanthawaddy throne. Son of a court official, Maru rose to the upper echelons of the Hanthawaddy court by marrying Princess Tala Mi Thiri. He then became a close ally and alleged lover of Princess-Regent Maha Dewi. He was executed on the order of his brother-in-law King Razadarit in 1384.
Isadore Singer
Isadore Manuel Singer (May 3, 1924 – February 11, 2021) was an American mathematician. He was an Emeritus Institute Professor in the Department of Mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley.

Singer is noted for his work with Michael Atiyah, proving the Atiyah–Singer index theorem in 1962, which enabled new interactions between pure mathematics and theoretical physics. In early 1980s, while a professor at Berkeley, Singer co-founded the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI) with Shiing-Shen Chern and Calvin Moore.

Atiyah–Singer index theorem
In differential geometry, the Atiyah–Singer index theorem, proved by Michael Atiyah and Isadore Singer (1963), states that for an elliptic differential operator on a compact manifold, the analytical index (related to the dimension of the space of solutions) is equal to the topological index (defined in terms of some topological data).  It includes many other theorems, such as the Chern–Gauss–Bonnet theorem and Riemann–Roch theorem, as special cases, and has applications to theoretical physics.
Volt Bulgaria
Volt Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Волт България, abbreviated Volt) is a social-liberal political party in Bulgaria. It is the Bulgarian branch of Volt Europa, a political movement that operates on a European level.

The party has formerly participated in elections, mainly aligning its branding with coalitions rather than acting independently.

We Continue the Change – Democratic Bulgaria
We Continue the Change – Democratic Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Продължаваме промяната – Демократична България, romanized: Prodŭlzhavame promyanata – Demokratichna Bŭlgariya), also known simply as PP–DB, is a Bulgarian electoral coalition between We Continue the Change and Democratic Bulgaria (DaB and DSB). The alliance was formed prior to the 2023 election. The coalition was part of the Denkov Government between 2023 and 2024.
Charles Lathrop Pack
Charles Lathrop Pack (May 7, 1857 – June 14, 1937), a third-generation timberman, was "one of the five wealthiest men in America prior to World War I".

His financial success was built on the success of his father, George Willis Pack, and grandfather, George Pack, Jr. in the forestry sector. Growing up on the shores of Lake Huron in Michigan's Lower Peninsula, Charles L. Pack lived in Cleveland, Ohio, from 1871 until the early years of the 20th century. With investments in timber in the American South, banking and real estate, Pack became a multi-millionaire. During World War I, he was a principal organizer and was heavily involved in the war garden movement in the United States.

During the 1930s, he was the president of The American Tree Association.

Victory garden
Victory gardens, also called war gardens or food gardens for defense, were vegetable, fruit, and herb gardens planted at private residences and public parks in  the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and Germany during World War I and World War II. In wartime, governments encouraged people to plant victory gardens not only to supplement their rations but also to boost morale. They were used along with rationing stamps and cards to reduce pressure on the food supply. Besides indirectly aiding the war effort, these gardens were also considered a civil "morale booster" in that gardeners could feel empowered by their contribution of labor and rewarded by the produce grown. This made victory gardens a part of daily life on the home front.
Olonets
Olonets (Russian: Оло́нец; Karelian: Aunus, Livvi: Anuksenlinnu; Finnish: Aunus, Aunuksenkaupunki or Aunuksenlinna) is a town and the administrative center of Olonetsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located on the Olonka River to the east of Lake Ladoga.

Republic of Karelia
The Republic of Karelia, or simply Karelia or Karjala (Russian: Каре́лия, Ка́рьяла; Karelian: Karjala) is a republic of Russia situated in the northwest of the country. The republic is a part of the Northwestern Federal District, and covers an area of 172,400 square kilometres (66,600 square miles), with a population of 533,121 residents. Its capital is Petrozavodsk.

The modern Karelian Republic was founded as an autonomous republic within the Russian SFSR, by the Resolution of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) on 27 June 1923 and by the Decree of the VTsIK and the Council of People's Commissars of 25 July 1923, from the Karelian Labour Commune. From 1940 to 1956, it was known as the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic, one of the republics of the Soviet Union. In 1956, it was once again made an autonomous republic and remained part of Russia following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
Howden
Howden (/ˈhaʊdən/) is a market town and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It lies in the Vale of York to the north of the M62, on the A614 road about 16 miles (26 km) south-east of York and 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Goole, which lies across the River Ouse. It is known for Howden Minster, one of the largest churches in the East Riding.

William the Conqueror gave the town to the Bishops of Durham in 1080. The wapentake of Howdenshire was named after the town, and remained an exclave of County Durham until as late as 1846. The original boundaries of the wapentake were used for the current two government wards of Howden and Howdenshire, which had a combined population of 19,753 at the 2011 census.

Howden Minster
Howden Minster (also known as the Minster Church of St Peter and St Paul, Howden) is a large Grade I listed Church of England church in the Diocese of York. It is located in Howden, East Riding of Yorkshire, England and is one of the largest churches in the East Riding. It is dedicated to St Peter and St Paul and it is therefore properly known as 'the Minster Church of St Peter and St Paul'. Its Grade I listed status also includes the Chapter House.
Pieros Sotiriou
Pieros Sotiriou (Greek: Πιέρος Σωτηρίου; born on 13 January 1993) is a Cypriot professional footballer who plays as a forward for Cypriot First Division club APOEL and the Cyprus national team.

Sotiriou joined FC Copenhagen in 2017 from APOEL of the Cypriot First Division. In February 2020, he moved to Kazakh side FC Astana.

Cyprus national football team
The Cyprus national football team (Greek: Εθνική ομάδα ποδοσφαίρου της Κύπρου, romanized: Ethnikí omáda podosfaírou tis Kýprou), represents Cyprus in men's international football and is controlled by the Cyprus Football Association. The team's home ground is the AEK Arena in Larnaca.
Alice Kipling
Alice Caroline Kipling (4 April 1837 – 22 November 1910) was one of the MacDonald sisters, Englishwomen of the Victorian era, four of whom were notable for their contribution to the arts and their marriages to well-known men. A writer and poet, she was the mother of the author Rudyard Kipling, aunt of British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin, and sister-in-law of Edward Poynter and Edward Burne-Jones.

MacDonald sisters
The MacDonald sisters were four English women of part-Scottish descent born during the 19th century, notable for their marriages to well-known men. Alice, Georgiana, Agnes and Louisa were the daughters of Reverend George Browne Macdonald (1805–1868), a Wesleyan Methodist minister, and Hannah Jones (1809–1875).
MS Salamis Filoxenia
MS Salamis Filoxenia was a cruise ship formerly owned by the Cyprus-based Salamis Cruises, but sold, as the company closed business. She was built in 1975 by Wärtsilä Turku Shipyard as the Belorussiya class-cruiseferry Gruziya for the Black Sea Shipping Company, Soviet Union. She was rebuilt into a cruise ship during the 1980s. In 1995, she was renamed Odessa Sky and in 1999 briefly Club 1 before renamed Van Gogh later in 1999. In 2009, she was acquired by her current owner and renamed Salamis Filoxenia. The ship was later renamed as Titan and sold to ship-breakers in Gadani, Pakistan where she was scrapped in 2022.

Black Sea Shipping Company
Black Sea Shipping Company (Ukrainian: Чорноморське морське пароплавство; Russian: Черноморское морское пароходство) is a Ukrainian shipping company based in Kyiv.

The company was established during the Imperial Russian rule in 1833. Following the World War I and reorganization of the former empire as a Soviet state, company was owned by the Soviet government. During Soviet rule, the company held the title of world's largest shipping company for several years and was instrumental in important foreign trade and international aid initiatives of the Soviet government.
ATM Bersama
ATM Bersama (lit. 'Common ATMs') is an interbank network in Indonesia, connecting the ATM networks of twenty-one banks. It was established 1993 and is based on the model adopted by MegaLink, an interbank network in the Philippines.

ATM Bersama has over 70 members with 17,000 ATMs  throughout Indonesia. The network is owned by PT Artajasa Pembayaran Elektronis.

MegaLink
MegaLink (also spelled as Megalink) is a Philippine-based developer of mobile and banking software as well as a service provider for banks, specifically for Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) networks and point of sale systems for banks. It was established in 1989; it was later repurposed in 2015.
Flore laurentienne
Flore laurentienne (The Laurentian Flora En) by Marie-Victorin Bro. (Conrad Kirouac), is the scientific inventory of vascular plant resources growing spontaneously in the St. Lawrence River valley, in Quebec, Canada.

First published by the Bros. of the Christian Schools  in 1935, the manual lists and describes 1568 species of Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms, plants illustrated by Bro. Alexandre Blouin.

Marie-Victorin Kirouac
Brother Marie-Victorin, F.S.C. (French pronunciation: [maʁi viktɔʁɛ̃]; April 3, 1885 – July 15, 1944), was a Canadian member of Brothers of the Christian Schools and a noted botanist in Quebec, Canada.

Marie-Victorin gained worldwide fame as the author of Flore laurentienne and father of the Botanical Garden of Montreal.
Dacite
Dacite (/ˈdeɪsaɪt/) is a volcanic rock formed by rapid solidification of lava that is high in silica and low in alkali metal oxides. It has a fine-grained (aphanitic) to porphyritic texture and is intermediate in composition between andesite and rhyolite. It is composed predominantly of plagioclase feldspar and quartz.

Dacite is relatively common, occurring in many tectonic settings. It is associated with andesite and rhyolite as part of the subalkaline tholeiitic and calc-alkaline magma series.

Volcanic rock
Volcanic rocks (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) are rocks formed from lava erupted from a volcano. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks. For these reasons, in geology, volcanics and shallow hypabyssal rocks are not always treated as distinct. In the context of Precambrian shield geology, the term "volcanic" is often applied to what are strictly metavolcanic rocks. Volcanic rocks and sediment that form from magma erupted into the air are called "pyroclastics," and these are also technically sedimentary rocks.

Volcanic rocks are among the most common rock types on Earth's surface, particularly in the oceans. On land, they are very common at plate boundaries and in flood basalt provinces. It has been estimated that volcanic rocks cover about 8% of the Earth's current land surface.
Music of the Spheres (Mike Oldfield album)
Music of the Spheres is the 24th album by English musician Mike Oldfield, released in the United Kingdom on 17 March 2008. The album, Oldfield's second album with Mercury Records and his first classical work, is based on the concept of a celestial Musica universalis.

The album features New Zealand soprano Hayley Westenra (on "On My Heart") and Chinese pianist Lang Lang on six tracks.

Music of the Spheres was nominated for a Classical Brit Award in 2009.

Musica universalis
The musica universalis (literally universal music), also called music of the spheres or harmony of the spheres, is a philosophical concept that regards proportions in the movements of celestial bodies—the Sun, Moon, and planets—as a form of music. The theory, originating in ancient Greece, was a tenet of Pythagoreanism, and was later developed by 16th-century astronomer Johannes Kepler. Kepler did not believe this "music" to be audible, but felt that it could nevertheless be heard by the soul. The idea continued to appeal to scholars until the end of the Renaissance, influencing many schools of thought, including humanism.
ETOPS
The Extended-range Twin-engine Operations Performance Standards (ETOPS) (/iːˈtɒps/) are safety standards set by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for twin-engine commercial passenger aircraft operations. They are a safety measure intended to ensure that in the event of a single engine failure, an aircraft will still be able to reach a diversion airport using the remaining operational engine, albeit at a reduced speed or altitude. The standard typically applies to long-distance routes over water or remote areas, which were historically restricted to three- and four-engine aircraft.: page9

Twinjet
A twinjet or twin-engine jet is a jet aircraft powered by two engines. A twinjet is able to fly well enough to land with a single working engine, making it safer than a single-engine aircraft in the event of an engine failure. Fuel efficiency of a twinjet is better than that of aircraft with more engines. These considerations have led to the widespread use of aircraft of all types with twin engines, including airliners, fixed-wing military aircraft, and others.