hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neutralino
In supersymmetry, the neutralino: 71–74  is a hypothetical particle. In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), a popular model of realization of supersymmetry at a low energy, there are four neutralinos that are fermions and are electrically neutral, the lightest of which is stable in an R-parity conserved scenario of MSSM. They are typically labeled N͂01 (the lightest), N͂02, N͂03 and N͂04 (the heaviest) although sometimes  is also used when  is used to refer to charginos.

(In this article,  C͂±1  is used for chargino #1, etc.)

These four states are composites of the bino and the neutral wino (which are the neutral electroweak gauginos), and the neutral higgsinos. As the neutralinos are Majorana fermions, each of them is identical to its antiparticle.

Chargino
In particle physics, the chargino is a hypothetical particle which refers to the mass eigenstates of a charged superpartner, i.e. any new electrically charged fermion (with spin 1/2) predicted by supersymmetry.  They are linear combinations of the charged wino and charged higgsinos. There are two charginos that are fermions and are electrically charged, which are typically labeled C͂±1 (the lightest) and C͂±2 (the heaviest), although sometimes  and  are also used to refer to charginos, when  is used to refer to neutralinos. The heavier chargino can decay through the neutral Z boson to the lighter chargino.  Both can decay through a charged W boson to a neutralino:

C͂±2 → C͂±1 + Z0

C͂±2 → N͂02 + W±

C͂±1 → N͂01 + W±
Hrólfr Kraki
Hrólfr Kraki (Old Norse: [ˈhroːlvz̠ ˈkrɑke]), Hroðulf, Rolfo, Roluo, Rolf Krage (early 6th century) was a semi-legendary Danish king who appears in both Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian tradition.

Both traditions describe him as a Danish Scylding, the nephew of Hroðgar and the grandson of Healfdene. The consensus view is that Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian traditions describe the same people. Whereas the Anglo-Saxon Beowulf and Widsith do not go further than treating his relationship with Hroðgar and their animosity with Froda and Ingeld, the Scandinavian sources expand on his life as the king at Lejre and on his relationship with Halga, Hroðgar's brother. In Beowulf and Widsith, it is never explained how Hroðgar and Hroðulf are uncle and nephew.

Hrothgar
Hrothgar (Old English: Hrōðgār [ˈr̥oːðɡɑːr]; Old Norse: Hróarr) was a semi-legendary Danish king living around the early sixth century AD.

Hrothgar appears in the Anglo-Saxon epics Beowulf and Widsith, in Norse sagas and poems, and in medieval Danish chronicles. In both Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian tradition, Hrothgar is a Scylding, the son of Halfdan, the brother of Halga, and the uncle of Hrólfr Kraki. Moreover, in both traditions, the mentioned characters were the contemporaries of the Swedish king Eadgils; and both traditions also mention a feud with men named Fróði and Ingeld. The consensus view is that Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian traditions describe the same person.
Bruse Wane
Warren Rose, known professionally as Bruse Wane, is a Jamaican-American rapper, songwriter and music executive. In the genres of hip-hop, reggae and electro funk, he has worked with Papoose, Sean Price, Keith Murray, Kool Keith, Kurtis Mantronik and Dawn Penn.

Sean Price
Sean Duval Price (March 17, 1972 – August 8, 2015) was an American rapper and member of the hip hop collective Boot Camp Clik. He was one half of the duo Heltah Skeltah, performing under the name Ruck, along with partner Rock.
English settlement of Belize
The Anglo-Saxon, English, or Baymen's settlement of Belize is traditionally thought to have been effected upon Peter Wallace's 1638 landing at the mouth of Haulover Creek. As this account lacks clear primary sources, however, scholarly discourse has tended to qualify, amend, or completely eschew said theory, giving rise to a myriad competing narratives of the English settling of Belize. Though none of the aforementioned have garnered widespread consensus, historical literature has tended to favour a circumspect account of a landing near Haulover sometime during the 1630s and 1660s, effected by logwood-seeking, haven-seeking, or shipwrecked buccaneers.

Peter Wallace (buccaneer)
Peter Wallace (fl. 1638) is commonly held to have been an English or Scottish buccaneer who, in 1638 aboard the Swallow, founded the first English settlement in present-day Belize. Wallace's historicity is debated. He is not mentioned in any sources until the 1829 Honduras Almanack and several scholars deem him a legendary protagonist of the country's founding myth, rather than an actual historical figure.
Prince Aribert of Anhalt
Prince Aribert Joseph Alexander of Anhalt (18 June 1866 – 24 December 1933) was regent of Anhalt from September to November 1918 on behalf of his underage nephew Joachim Ernst, Duke of Anhalt. As regent, following the German revolution, he abdicated in the name of his nephew on 12 November 1918, thus ending the rule of the House of Ascania in Anhalt.

Joachim Ernst, Duke of Anhalt
Joachim Ernst, Duke of Anhalt (Joachim Ernst Wilhelm Karl Albrecht Leopold Friedrich Moritz Erdmann; 11 January 1901 – 18 February 1947) was the last ruler of the Duchy of Anhalt, a state of the German Empire, from 13 September to 12 November 1918.

Thus Joachim Ernst was the last ruler of a constituent state within the German Empire to succeed to the throne before the abolition of the German monarchies in 1918, and the only German monarch to be born in the 20th century. His abdication ended the rule of the House of Ascania in central Germany, which had lasted since the 11th century.
Sun Yuanhua
Sun Yuanhua (1581 or 1582 – 7 September 1632), also known as Ignatius Sun, was a Chinese mandarin under the late Ming. A Catholic convert, he was a protégé of Paul Xu (né Xu Guangqi). Like his mentor, he advocated repelling the Manchu invasion by modernizing Chinese weaponry and wrote treatises on geometry and military science influenced by the Jesuits' European knowledge. From 1630 to 1632, he served as governor of Denglai, a Ming district around Dengzhou and Laizhou in northern Shandong. He was deposed by the mutiny of Kong Youde and Geng Zhongming, after which he was arrested and executed by the Ming for having failed to crush their rebellion with sufficient severity.

Xu Guangqi
Xu Guangqi or Hsü Kuang-ch'i (April 24, 1562 – November 8, 1633), also known by his baptismal name Paul or Paul Siu, was a Chinese agronomist, astronomer, mathematician, politician, and writer during the late Ming dynasty. Xu was appointed by the Chinese Emperor in 1629 to be the leader of the Shixian calendar reform, which he embarked on with the assistance of Jesuits. Xu was a colleague and collaborator of the Italian Jesuits Matteo Ricci and Sabatino de Ursis and assisted their translation of several classic Western texts into Chinese, including part of Euclid's Elements. He was also the author of the Nong Zheng Quan Shu, a treatise on agriculture.

He is one of the "Three Pillars of Chinese Catholicism". The Roman Catholic Church considers him a Servant of God,. On April 15, 2011, Vatican spokesman Federico Lombardi announced the start of a beatification process for Xu Guangqi,  which has stalled.
2016–17 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup
The 2016/17 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup was the 26th in a row (24th official) Continental Cup winter season and the 14th official summer season in ski jumping for men. This was one of the busiest men's season in Continental Cup history with 14 summmer and 30 winter individual events. Markus Eisenbichler won winter overall and Clemens Aigner won summer overall season.

This was also the 13th winter and the 9th summer season for women. French women dominated this season as Lucile Morat won summer overall and Joséphine Pagnier won winter overall.

Other competitive circuits this season included also the World Cup, Grand Prix, FIS Cup, FIS Race and Alpen Cup.

2016–17 FIS Ski Jumping Alpen Cup
The 2016/17 FIS Ski Jumping Alpen Cup was the 27th Alpen Cup season in ski jumping for men and the 9th for ladies.

Other competitive circuits this season included the World Cup, Grand Prix, Continental Cup, FIS Cup and FIS Race.
Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!
Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! is an American animated comedy television series created by Joe Ruby and Ken Spears and produced by Hanna-Barbera for CBS. The series premiered as part of the network's Saturday morning cartoon schedule on September 13, 1969, and aired for two seasons until October 31, 1970. Reruns were broadcast for the 1971 season. In 1978, a selection of episodes from the later animated series Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympics and The Scooby-Doo Show were aired on ABC under the Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! title name, and was released in a DVD set marketed as its third season. It also aired on BBC One in the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1973. The complete series is also available on Boomerang, HBO Max, and Tubi.

Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! is the first incarnation of a long-running media franchise primarily consisting of animated series, films, and related merchandise.

Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympics
Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympics is a two-hour Saturday morning animated program block produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and broadcast on ABC from September 10, 1977, until September 2, 1978.

The block featured five Hanna-Barbera series among its segments: The Scooby-Doo Show, Laff-A-Lympics, The Blue Falcon & Dynomutt, Captain Caveman and the Teen Angels, and reruns of Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!. During the second season in 1978–79, the show was re-titled Scooby's All-Stars and broadcast on ABC from September 9, 1978, to December 23, 1978. The runtime was reduced from 120 minutes to 90 minutes by dropping The Blue Falcon & Dynomutt and Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!.
Marion, Iowa
Marion is a city in Linn County, Iowa, United States. The population was 26,294 at the 2000 census and was 41,535 in 2020, an increase of 58%. The city is located next to Cedar Rapids and part of the Cedar Rapids Metropolitan Statistical Area. Marion was designated as the first Linn County seat before it was moved to the larger neighbor Cedar Rapids in 1919. Today, Marion is a primarily suburban community with a historic downtown center, and is one of the fastest-growing cities in Iowa.

Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Cedar Rapids is a city in Linn County, Iowa, United States, and the county seat. The population was 137,710 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 137,904 in 2024. making it the second-most populous city in Iowa. The city lies on both banks of the Cedar River, 20 miles (32 km) north of Iowa City and 128 miles (206 km) northeast of Des Moines, the state's capital.

Cedar Rapids is the economic hub of Eastern Iowa, located at the core of the Interstate 380 corridor. The population of the three-county Cedar Rapids metropolitan area, which includes the nearby cities of Marion and Hiawatha, was 276,520 in 2020. The Cedar Rapids metropolitan area is also part of a combined statistical area with the Iowa City metropolitan area.
Institute for Defense Analyses
The Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) is an American non-profit corporation that administers three federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) – the Systems and Analyses Center (SAC), the Science and Technology Policy Institute (STPI), and the Center for Communications and Computing (C&C) – to assist the United States government in addressing national security issues, particularly those requiring scientific and technical expertise. It is headquartered in Alexandria, Virginia.

Science and Technology Policy Institute
The Science and Technology Policy Institute (STPI, IPA: stɪpi "stip-ee") is a federally funded research and development center located in Washington, D.C. STPI provides objective research and analysis on science and technology policy issues in support of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), as well as for its sponsor, the National Science Foundation, and other science-performing federal agencies. STPI is administered by the non-profit Institute for Defense Analyses, located in Alexandria, Virginia. As of May 2020, Kristen Kulinowski is the current director of STPI.
Lynden Pindling
Sir Lynden Oscar Pindling, (22 March 1930 – 26 August 2000) was a Bahamian politician who was the first prime minister of the Bahamas from 1969 to 1992. Pindling is regarded by some as the "Father of the Nation", having led the Bahamas to majority rule and independence.

Pindling served as the first black colonial premier of the Bahamas from 1967 to 1969, being the second and final officeholder. He was leader of the Progressive Liberal Party (PLP) from 1956 to 1997 when he resigned from public life under scandal. Pindling won an unbroken string of general elections until 1992, when the PLP lost to the Free National Movement (FNM) led by Hubert Alexander Ingraham. He conceded defeat with the words: "the people of this great little democracy have spoken in a most dignified and eloquent manner and the voice of the people, is the voice of God".

Hubert Ingraham
Hubert Alexander Ingraham, PC (born 4 August 1947) is a Bahamian politician who was Prime Minister of The Bahamas from August 1992 to May 2002, and again from May 2007 to May 2012. He is a member of the Free National Movement Party (FNM). Prior to the 2012 election, he was the FNM's Party Leader and member of Parliament for the North Abaco constituency. He served as leader of the opposition in the House of Assembly of The Bahamas from 2005 to 2007.

In the historic election of August 1992, in which the FNM unseated the Progressive Liberal Party (PLP), Ingraham succeeded Prime Minister Lynden Pindling, who had headed the PLP government for quarter of a century, since January 1967. Following his party's victory in the May 2007 election, he became prime minister again.

After his government was defeated in the 2012 general election, on 7 May Ingraham announced his resignation as FNM leader and as an MP.
Newt (Hollyoaks)
Barry "Newt" Newton is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks, played by Nico Mirallegro. He debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 22 October 2007. He was introduced as the serial's first emo character and as the foster son of Jack (Jimmy McKenna) and Frankie Osborne (Helen Pearson). During the character's duration he was involved in notable storylines including schizophrenia, a suicide pact and living in foster care. In 2010, Mirallegro quit the serial to pursue other projects. Newt left the village on 25 June 2010.

Jack Osborne
Jack Osborne is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks, played by Jimmy McKenna. The character debuted on-screen during the episode broadcast on 18 November 1996 and is the second longest featured character in the show. He was introduced as part of the Osborne family, which also consisted of Jack's wife Celia (Carol Noakes) and their children Darren (Adam Booth/Ashley Taylor Dawson) and Ruth (Terri Dwyer). His storylines include an affair with Dawn Cunningham (Lisa Williamson), four marriages and faking his own death in an insurance scam. For numerous years, Jack's role in the show is the landlord of the pub, The Dog in the Pond. During Hollyoaks' 30th anniversary the show aired a special crossover with former soap Brookside, McKenna along with most of the then current Hollyoaks cast appeared in the episode.
Dick Turpin (boxer)
Lionel "Dick" Turpin (26 November 1920 – 7 July 1990) was an English middleweight boxer. He was British and Commonwealth middleweight champion, reputedly being the first black fighter to win a British boxing title. He was elder brother and trainer of the more famous Randolph Turpin, who became world middleweight champion after beating Sugar Ray Robinson in 1951.

Dick was the son of Lionel Turpin who had been born in British Guyana and his wife, Beatrice Elizabeth Whitehouse. He had two brothers Jack, who was a featherweight and Randolph, a middleweight.

Randolph Turpin
Randolph Adolphus Turpin (7 June 1928 – 17 May 1966), better known as Randy Turpin, was a British boxer active in the 1940s and 1950s. In 1951 he became world middleweight champion when he defeated Sugar Ray Robinson. He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 2001.

His life story was a classic tale of, from rags to riches and back again. In which he managed to fight his way out of poverty and become a wealthy man. However, he was unable to hold on to the money he earned and ended up living in impoverished circumstances, whilst being hounded by the Inland Revenue for unpaid tax.
Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross (Scots: Pairth an Kinross; Scottish Gaelic: Peairt agus Ceann Rois) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. It is bordered by Highland and Aberdeenshire to the north, Angus, Dundee, and Fife to the east, Clackmannanshire to the south, and Stirling and Argyll and Bute to the west.

Geographically the area is split by the Highland Boundary Fault into a more mountainous northern part and a flatter southern part. The northern area is a popular tourist spot, while agriculture makes an important contribution to the southern part of the area.

The area is run by Perth and Kinross Council, which is based in Perth.

Clackmannanshire
Clackmannanshire (/klækˈmænənˌʃɪər, -ʃər/ ⓘ; Scots: Clackmannanshire; Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Chlach Mhanann), or the County of Clackmannan, is a historic county, council area, registration county and lieutenancy area in Scotland, bordering the council areas of Stirling, Fife, and Perth and Kinross. To the south, it is separated from Falkirk by the Firth of Forth. In terms of historic counties it borders Perthshire, Stirlingshire and Fife.

The name consists of elements from three languages. The first element is from Scottish Gaelic: Clach meaning "Stone". Mannan is a derivative of the Brythonic name of the Manaw, the Iron Age tribe who inhabited the area. The final element is the English word shire. As Britain's smallest historic county, it is often nicknamed "The Wee County". When written, Clackmannanshire is commonly abbreviated to Clacks.
NAD+ glycohydrolase
In enzymology, a NAD+ glycohydrolase (EC 3.2.2.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

NAD+ + H2O  ADP-ribose + nicotinamide

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are NAD+ and H2O, whereas its two products are ADP-ribose and nicotinamide. Unlike ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase (EC 3.2.2.6), which catalyzes the same reaction, this reaction does not proceed through a cyclic ADP-ribose.

This enzyme participates in nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism and calcium signaling pathway. Calcium metabolism involves the regulation of the levels of calcium in the body. The role this calcium plays also includes providing enough calcium for bone mineralization. It serves as the basis for the structure and rigidity of bones. Calcium metabolism can lead to a variety of diseases which can involve renal function. High concentrations of calcium can lead to cell death or apoptosis.

ADP-ribosyl cyclase
In enzymology, a ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase (EC 3.2.2.6) is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

NAD+ + H2O  cADPR + H2O + nicotinamide  ADP-ribose + nicotinamide

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are NAD+ and H2O, whereas its two products are ADP-ribose and nicotinamide. The reaction proceeds through cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) as intermediate, which is then hydrolyzed into ADP-ribose. This makes it different from NAD+ glycohydrolase (EC 3.2.2.5), where the reaction does not proceed through cADPR.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those glycosylases that hydrolyse N-glycosyl compounds. Other names of this enzyme in common use include nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) nucleosidase, triphosphopyridine nucleotidase, NAD(P) nucleosidase, NAD(P)ase, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) glycohydrolase.  This enzyme participates in nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism.
2026 Rugby League World Cup
The 2026 Rugby League World Cup (RLWC2026) is a collection of world cups in the sport of rugby league and   is a replacement tournament for the 2025 Rugby League World Cup.

Like 2021, the 2026 World Cup will see the men's, women's, and wheelchair world cups simultaneously. However unlike 2021, the men's tournament will feature ten teams only, and the planned expansion of the women's and wheelchair tournament will be delayed keeping team numbers at eight in each.

2026 Men's Rugby League World Cup
The 2026 Men's Rugby League World Cup will be the seventeenth staging of the Rugby League World Cup, and will be one of three major tournaments part of the 2026 Rugby League World Cup.

The competition was to be held in October and  November 2025, but was moved to 2026 following the withdrawal of France as the host nation. The competition will run in parallel with the women's and wheelchair tournaments.
The Ultimates (comic book)
The Ultimates is a 2002-2004 thirteen-issue comic book limited series written by Mark Millar with art by Bryan Hitch. The series introduces the titular Ultimates, the Ultimate Marvel incarnations of the Avengers.

Ultimates
The Ultimates is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics and created by writer Mark Millar and artist Bryan Hitch, which first started publication from The Ultimates #1 (cover date March 2002), as part of the company's Ultimate Marvel imprint. The series is a modernized re-imagining of Marvel's long-running Avengers comic-book franchise, centering around a task-force of super-humans and special agents organized by the U.S. government to combat growing threats to the world. The tale chronicles their progress as they bond and slowly learn to work together, despite their differing natures and personalities.
R82 (South Africa)
The R82 is a provincial route in South Africa that connects Johannesburg with Kroonstad via Vereeniging and Sasolburg.
It starts just south of the M1 Johannesburg Municipal Highway's interchange with the N12 Southern Bypass (Uncle Charlie's Interchange), going south, meeting the R59, R54, R42 & R28 routes at Vereeniging before crossing the Vaal River into the Free State & proceeding to Kroonstad.
It is an alternative, but longer route to the N1 national route between Johannesburg & Kroonstad.

R28 (South Africa)
The R28 is a provincial route in Gauteng, South Africa that connects Krugersdorp with Vereeniging via Randfontein. The R28 used to connect with Pretoria, but that section of the road is now part of the N14.
Mughal Serai, Doraha
Mughal Serai, Doraha is a caravanserai located at Doraha in Ludhiana District, India. Its popularly known as Mughal Caravan Serai as well as Doraha Sarai . It should not be confused with Serai Lashkari Khan, which is situated at 8–9 km (5.0–5.6 mi) away.

Serai Lashkari Khan
Serai Lashkari Khan located near Gurdwara Manji Sahib, Kotan (near Doraha) in Ludhiana District, Punjab, India is a historical inn, or caravanserai, built by Mughal military general Lashkari Khan in 1667 CE, during the reign of Emperor Aurangzeb.
Group C nerve fiber
Group C nerve fibers are one of three classes of nerve fiber in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The Group C fibers are unmyelinated and have a small diameter and low conduction velocity, whereas Groups A and B are myelinated. Group C fibers include postganglionic fibers in the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and nerve fibers at the dorsal roots (IV fiber). These fibers carry sensory information.

Damage or injury to nerve fibers causes neuropathic pain. Capsaicin activates C fibre vanilloid receptors, providing the burning sensation associated with chili peppers.

Group A nerve fiber
Group A nerve fibers are one of the three classes of nerve fiber as generally classified by Erlanger and Gasser. The other two classes are the group B nerve fibers, and the group C nerve fibers. Group A are heavily myelinated, group B are moderately myelinated, and group C are unmyelinated.

The other classification is a sensory grouping that uses the terms type Ia and type Ib, type II, type III, and type IV, sensory fibers.