hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Union City micropolitan area, Tennessee
The Union City micropolitan statistical area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of Obion County, Tennessee, anchored by the city of Union City, Tennessee. As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 32,450.

Obion County, Tennessee
Obion County is a county located in the northwest corner of the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 30,787. The county seat is Union City. The county was formed in 1823 and organized in 1824. It was named after the Obion River.

Obion County is part of the Union City, TN–KY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Martin–Union City, TN Combined Statistical Area.
Lake Frome National Park
Lake Frome National Park, formerly  Lake Frome Regional Reserve, is a protected area located in the Australian state of South Australia about 750 kilometres (470 miles) north-east of the state capital of Adelaide, in the Northern Flinders Ranges. It covers the full extent of Lake Frome, an endorheic and ephemeral salt lake. It has an area of 2,582.40 square kilometres (997.07 sq mi).

Lake Frome
Lake Frome / Munda is a large endorheic lake in the Australian state of South Australia to the east of the Northern Flinders Ranges. It is a large, shallow, unvegetated salt pan, 100 kilometres (62 mi) long and 40 kilometres (25 mi) wide, lying mostly below sea level and having a total surface area of 259,615 hectares (641,520 acres). It only rarely fills with brackish water flowing down usually dry creeks in the Northern Flinders Ranges from the west, or exceptional flows down the Strzelecki Creek from the north.

The Adnyamathanha name for the lake is Munda. Europeans named the lake Frome after Edward Charles Frome, after he mapped the area in 1843. The lake was officially dual named Lake Frome / Munda in 2004.
Panusaya Sithijirawattanakul
Panusaya Sithijirawattanakul also known as Panasaya Sithijirawattanakul (Thai: ปนัสยา สิทธิจิรวัฒนกุล; RTGS: Panatsaya Sitthichirawatthanakun; nicknamed Rung or Roong; born 15 September 1998) is a Thai student political activist and university student leader who is also the spokesperson of the Student Union of Thailand. She is well known for her criticism of the Thai monarchy. During the 2020 Thai protests, she was one of the leaders who pioneered revolutionary demonstrations calling for major structural reform of the Thai monarchy.

Panupong Jadnok
Panupong Jadnok (Thai: ภาณุพงศ์ จาดนอก; RTGS: Phanuphong Chatnok) is a social activist, Ramkhamhaeng University student, and a leading protester in the 2020 Thai protests, from the Eastern Youth Leadership group, currently facing multiple charges including sedition.

He was imprisoned without trial throughout the year of 2021, start from 9 February to 1 June, and 9 August to 15 September. On 24 September, he has been denied bail and detained await trial on Lèse-majesté for 1,484 days until today.
Pseudobarbus
Pseudobarbus is a ray-finned fish genus in the family Cyprinidae. The type species is Burchell's redfin (P. burchelli). The scientific name is derived from the Ancient Greek pseudes ("false") and the Latin word barbus ("beard", in reference to the barbels of barbs). This genus contains some (and might contain all) of the South African redfins. It was originally proposed as a subgenus, but has since been found worthy of recognition as a full genus.

This genus is restricted to southern Africa; all of its species were formerly placed in Barbus, the genus of typical  barbels and their relatives. One taxon was originally described as P. leonhardi – this, however, was a European fish for which the genus was erroneously proposed anew. It has since turned out to be nothing other than the barbel B. peloponnesius.

Barbus
Barbus  is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. The type species of Barbus is the common barbel, first described as Cyprinus barbus and now named Barbus barbus. Barbus is the namesake genus of the subfamily Barbinae, but given their relationships, that taxon is better included in the Cyprininae at least for the largest part (including the type species of Barbus).
Assassination of the Marquesses of Urquijo
The Spanish nobles María Lourdes de Urquijo, 5th Marchioness of Urquijo and Grandee of Spain, and her husband Manuel de la Sierra, were murdered in their Madrid home on 1 August 1980. Their son-in-law Rafael Escobedo was convicted of the crime, and later committed suicide in prison. Escobedo's friend Javier Anastasio de Espona fled before being brought to trial, but much later asserted his innocence.

Marquess of Urquijo
Marquess of Urquijo (Spanish: Marqués de Urquijo) is a noble title in the peerage of Spain accompanied by the dignity of Grandee of Spain, bestowed on Estanislao de Urquijo y Landaluce by King Amadeo I on 13 May 1871.

On 1 August 1980, the 5th Marchioness of Urquijo, María Lourdes de Urquijo and her husband, Manuel de la Sierra, were famously murdered in their Madrid home by their son in law, Rafael Escobedo. The crime, which became one of the most followed on Spanish media, is considered one of the most prominent criminal acts of post-Francoist Spain.
Miró Quesada family
The Miró Quesada family is a Peruvian business family. The family is considered one of the most powerful groups in the country, due to the business conglomerate in media, mining, tourism, and banking that is under its ownership. Most notably, the family is the owner of El Comercio Group, a media conglomerate that owns the newspaper of the same name.

El Comercio (Peru)
El Comercio is a Peruvian newspaper based in Lima. Founded in 1839, it is the oldest newspaper in Peru and one of the oldest Spanish-language papers in the world. It has a daily circulation of more than 120,000. It is considered a newspaper of record and one of the most influential media in Peru.
Echoes of the Rainbow
Echoes of the Rainbow (Chinese: 歲月神偷; Jyutping: Seoi3 Jyut6 San4 Tau1; romanisation: Shui Yuet Sun Tau; literally "Time, the Thief") is a 2010 Hong Kong drama film directed by Alex Law and starring Simon Yam and Sandra Ng. It won the Crystal Bear for the Best Film in the Children’s Jury "Generation Kplus" category at the 2010 Berlin Film Festival.

It tells the story of a working family in Hong Kong whose eldest son, a popular boy and star athlete, becomes ill with leukemia.

The film is set in 1960s British Hong Kong and was shot on the historic Wing Lee Street in Sheung Wan. It was financed by the Hong Kong government's Film Development Fund.

60th Berlin International Film Festival
The 60th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 11 to 21 February 2010, with Werner Herzog as president of the jury. The opening film of the festival was Chinese director Wang Quan'an's romantic drama Apart Together, in competition, while the closing film is Japanese director Yoji Yamada's About Her Brother, which was screened out of competition.

The Golden Bear went to Turkish film Bal directed by Semih Kaplanoğlu. A new record attendance was established with 282,000 sold tickets, according to the organizers. A restored version of Fritz Lang's Metropolis was also shown at the festival.
Frank and Doris Hursley
Frank and Doris Hursley, were an American husband-and-wife television screenwriting duo, comprising Frank M. Hursley (November 21, 1902 – February 3, 1989) and Doris Hursley (September 29, 1898 – May 5, 1984) they were best known for their serials, especially the medical drama General Hospital.

Bridget and Jerome Dobson
Bridget (née Hursley; September 1, 1938 – January 3, 2024) and Jerome Dobson were an American husband-and-wife duo of television award-winning screenwriters and artists.

Through their company Dobson Productions, they are notable for their work as the head writing team for several soap operas, including General Hospital, Guiding Light and As the World Turns and the creators and head writers of the NBC soap opera Santa Barbara.

Bridget Dobson was the daughter of Frank and Doris Hursley, television soap opera creators and screenwriters, best known for the series General Hospital. Bridget and Jerome Dobson married in 1961.
Liubov Ilyushechkina
Liubov Ivanovna Ilyushechkina (Russian: Любовь Ивановна Илюшечкина, born 5 November 1991) is a Russian-born Canadian pair skater.

Ilyushechkina began competing for Canada with Dylan Moscovitch in 2014, and they were the 2017 Four Continents bronze medalists, two-time bronze medalists on the Grand Prix series, and three-time Canadian national medalists (silver in 2015 and 2017, bronze in 2016).  Their partnership ended with Moscovitch's retirement in 2018. With former partner, Charlie Bilodeau, she is the 2020 Canadian Bronze medalist.

Ilyushechkina formerly represented Russia with Nodari Maisuradze. Together, they won the 2010 Skate Canada International, 2011 Winter Universiade, and 2009 World Junior Championships.

Dylan Moscovitch
Dylan David Moscovitch (born 23 September 1984) is a retired Canadian pair skater.  He competed with Liubov Ilyushechkina from 2014 to 2018.  They were the 2017 Four Continents bronze medalists, two-time bronze medalists on the Grand Prix series, and three-time Canadian national medalists (silver in 2015 and 2017, bronze in 2016).

With former partner Kirsten Moore-Towers, he was the 2013 Four Continents silver medalist, 2014 Olympic team event silver medalist, and 2011 Canadian national champion.
2/21st Battalion (Australia)
The 2/21st Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army. Raised for service during Second World War as part of the Second Australian Imperial Force, it was formed on 11 July 1940 at Trawool in central Victoria as part of the 23rd Brigade of the 8th Division. It was subsequently deployed to Ambon as part of Gull Force in December 1941 following the Japanese invasion of Malaya; however, with the defence of the island considered untenable due to the limited military resources available and overwhelming Japanese strength it was subsequently captured despite determined resistance, surrendering on 3 February 1942. Most members of the battalion became prisoners of war, and a large number died in captivity.

23rd Brigade (Australia)
The 23rd Brigade was a brigade of the Australian Army.  It was briefly raised in 1912 as a Militia formation providing training as part of the compulsory training scheme. Later, it was re-formed in  July 1940 for service during the Second World War, the brigade was initially a formation of the Second Australian Imperial Force assigned to the 8th Division; however, after its sub units were captured by the Japanese in 1942 it was reformed with Militia battalions and was mainly used in a garrison role around Darwin, in the Northern Territory, until late in the war when it was committed to the fighting against the Japanese on Bougainville. It was disbanded in 1946.
Capture of Tortuga
The capture of Tortuga was a Spanish expedition to the island of Tortuga in January 1635 intended to remove French and English settlers from the island during the Franco-Spanish War. During the early 17th century, English and French colonists settled on Tortuga, engaging in logwood harvesting and piracy. In 1630, 150 English settlers from Saint Kitts established a settlement linked to the Providence Island colony, which appointed Christopher Wormeley as governor in 1634.

The Spanish, alerted to Tortuga's weak defences by Irish defectors, set a 250-strong expedition in late January 1635 which captured and destroyed all French and English settlements on the island, forcing their survivors to flee. Spanish forces summarily executed hundreds of captives during the engagement. Wormeley was later banished for his failure, and Tortuga evolved into a pirate stronghold after the departure of the Providence Island's plantation-oriented oversight.

Providence Island colony
The Providence Island colony was established in 1630 by English Puritans on Providence Island. It was founded and controlled by a group of English investors, the Providence Island Company.

Although intended to be a model Puritan colony engaged in agriculture, it also functioned as a base for privateers operating against Spanish ships and settlements in the region. In 1641, Spanish and Portuguese forces, after two previous attempts, finally penetrated the harbour's defences and captured the colony. The Spanish removed all the English settlers from the island but kept the structures. This garrison was maintained on the island, now called Santa Catalina again, until 1666.
Ehrenbreitstein Fortress
Ehrenbreitstein Fortress (German: Festung Ehrenbreitstein, pronounced [ˌfɛstʊŋ eːʁənˈbʁaɪtʃtaɪn]), a fortress in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, stands on the east bank of the Rhine opposite the mouth of the Moselle, and overlooks the city of Koblenz.

Occupying the position of an earlier fortress destroyed by the French in 1801, it was built as the backbone of the regional fortification system, Festung Koblenz, by 
 Prussia between 1817 and 1828 and guarded the middle Rhine region, an area which French troops had repeatedly invaded before. The Prussian fortress was never attacked.

Since 2002, Ehrenbreitstein has formed part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Upper Middle Rhine Valley.

Koblenz
Koblenz (UK: /koʊˈblɛnts/ koh-BLENTS, US: /ˈkoʊblɛnts/ KOH-blents, German: [ˈkoːblɛnts] ⓘ; Moselle Franconian: Kowelenz) is a city in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, on the banks of the rivers Rhine (Middle Rhine) and Moselle, a multinational tributary.

Koblenz was established as a Roman military post by Drusus c. 8 BC. Its name originates from the Latin (ad) cōnfluentēs, meaning "(at the) confluence". The actual confluence is today known as the "German Corner", a symbol of the unification of Germany that features an equestrian statue of Emperor William I. The city celebrated its 2,000th anniversary in 1992.

The city ranks as the third-largest city by population in Rhineland-Palatinate, behind Mainz and Ludwigshafen am Rhein, with 115,298 residents (as of 2023). Koblenz lies in a narrow flood plain between high hill ranges, some reaching mountainous height, and is served by an express rail and autobahn network. It is part of the populous Rhineland.
Condé-sur-l'Escaut
Condé-sur-l'Escaut (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃de syʁ lɛsko], literally Condé on the Escaut; Picard: Condé-su-l'Escaut) is a commune of the Nord department in northern France.

It lies on the border with Belgium. The population as of 1999 was 10,527. Residents of the area are known as Condéens or Condéennes. The Mayor of Condé-sur-l'Escaut is Gregory Lelong, re-elected in 2020.

Scheldt
The Scheldt (/ʃɛlt, skɛlt/ SHELT, SKELT; French: Escaut [ɛsko] ⓘ; Dutch: Schelde [ˈsxɛldə] ⓘ) is a 435-kilometre-long (270 mi) river that flows through northern France, western Belgium, and the southwestern part of the Netherlands, with its mouth at the North Sea. Its name is derived from an adjective corresponding to Old English sċeald ("shallow"), Modern English shoal, Low German schol, West Frisian skol, and obsolete Swedish skäll ("thin").
Jakob Dylan
Jakob Luke Dylan (born December 9, 1969) is an American singer-songwriter. He rose to fame as the lead vocalist, guitarist, and principal songwriter of the rock band the Wallflowers, which he formed in 1989.

Born in New York City to musician Bob Dylan and model Sara Lownds, Dylan began his musical career in various indie bands before creating the Wallflowers. As its frontman and lead vocalist, he wrote and performed the band's hit songs including "One Headlight", "6th Avenue Heartache", "The Difference" and "Three Marlenas"—the former of which was included on Rolling Stone's list of the "100 Greatest Pop Songs", and won two Grammy Awards. With the Wallflowers, Dylan has released seven studio albums.

As a solo act, Dylan signed with Columbia Records to release two studio albums—Seeing Things (2008) and Women + Country (2010)—the latter of which peaked at number 12 on the Billboard 200.

Sara Dylan
Sara Dylan (born Shirley Marlin Noznisky; October 28, 1939)
is an American former actress and model who was the first wife of singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. In 1959, Noznisky married magazine photographer Hans Lownds; during their marriage, she was known as Sara Lownds.

She was married to Bob Dylan from 1965 until their 1977 divorce; they had four children together, and he adopted her daughter from her first marriage. Their marriage has been described by music writers and biographers as the inspiration for many songs Dylan created during the 1960s and '70s, and the 1975 album Blood on the Tracks has been described by many as Dylan's account of their disintegrating marriage.

Sara Dylan played the role of Clara in the 1978 film Renaldo and Clara, directed by Dylan, and the film was described by a Dylan biographer as "in part a tribute to his wife".
Hong Kong Cable Television
Hong Kong Cable Television Limited (Chinese: 香港有線電視有限公司), formerly known as Wharf Cable Television Limited (Chinese: 九倉有線電視有限公司) until 31 October 1998, is a cable television provider in Hong Kong currently owned by Forever Top (Asia) Limited, which operates it as a part of i-Cable Communications business. It was the second company to provide cable television services in Hong Kong (after Rediffusion Television, which ceased cable operation with the launch of their terrestrial television channels in 1973). It was incorporated on 30 June 1993 and officially inaugurated on 31 October same year, offering a package of over 100 pay television channels, 54 of which are directly operated by the company.

Forever Top
Forever Top (Asia) Limited (Chinese: 永升（亞洲）有限公司) is a company based in Hong Kong founded by David Chiu, the current head of Far East Consortium. The company initially applied for a free-to-air television broadcast license under the name of New Asia Network (NAN; Chinese: 新亞電視台). The company later withdrew the application, and acquired I-Cable Communications.
Herzgruft
48°12′20.6″N 16°22′2″E﻿ / ﻿48.205722°N 16.36722°E﻿ / 48.205722; 16.36722

The Herzgruft (German for 'Heart Crypt') is a burial chamber that protects 54 urns containing the hearts of members of the House of Habsburg. The crypt is located behind the Loreto Chapel in the Augustinian Church within the Hofburg Palace complex in Vienna, Austria.

The first heart, belonging to King Ferdinand IV, was placed in the Augustinian Church on 10 July 1654, according to his wishes. The last heart, belonging to Archduke Franz Karl of Austria, was placed in the crypt on 8 March 1878. The bodies of all but three of the hearts are in the Imperial Crypt a few blocks away.

Augustinian Church, Vienna
The Augustinian Church (German: Augustinerkirche) in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the 18th century. The official name of church and parish is St. Augustin, but it is locally called Augustinerkirche.
Template metaprogramming
Template metaprogramming (TMP) is a metaprogramming technique in which templates are used by a compiler to generate temporary source code, which is merged by the compiler with the rest of the source code and then compiled. The output of these templates can include compile-time constants, data structures, and complete functions. The use of templates can be thought of as compile-time polymorphism. The technique is used by a number of languages, the best-known being C++, but also Curl, D, Nim, and XL.

Template metaprogramming was, in a sense, discovered accidentally.

Some other languages support similar, if not more powerful, compile-time facilities (such as Lisp macros), but those are outside the scope of this article.

Compile-time function execution
In computing, compile-time function execution (or compile-time function evaluation, or general constant expressions) is the ability of a compiler, that would normally compile a function to machine code and execute it at run time, to execute the function at compile time. This is possible if the arguments to the function are known at compile time, and the function does not make any reference to or attempt to modify any global state (i.e. it is a pure function).

If the value of only some of the arguments are known, the compiler may still be able to perform some level of compile-time function execution (partial evaluation), possibly producing more optimized code than if no arguments were known.
Jim Rugg
Jim Rugg (born February 1, 1977) is an American cartoonist and illustrator from Pittsburgh known for his tongue-in-cheek evocation of 1970s-era comics and pop culture. His graphic novels and comics collections include Street Angel, Afrodisiac, The P.L.A.I.N. Janes and Janes in Love, One Model Nation, and The Guild.

Rugg has also produced short comics for VH1, New York magazine, True Porn, Meathaus, Cinema Sewer, Strange Tales, the SPX Annual, Project: Superior, Dark Horse Presents, and the Next Issue Project.

Rugg also co-hosted the YouTube channel Cartoonist Kayfabe with fellow Pittsburgh native cartoonist Ed Piskor.

Street Angel (comics)
Street Angel is an alternative comic book limited series by Jim Rugg and Brian Maruca. It was published in 2004 by Slave Labor Graphics, and lasted five issues. In 2016 Jim Rugg would start posting new and old street angel comics online as webcomics, both to his personal website and the Tapas syndicate. Five graphic novels and a one shot were later released by Image Comics between 2017 and 2018, two of them being re-releases of web comics. These books were printed at a larger scale than the original issues, hard cover and full color. They were collected as a single trade paperback in 2019.
Boaz Solossa
Boaz Theofilus Erwin Solossa (born 16 March 1986) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Liga 2 club Persipura Jayapura. He is considered to be one of the greatest Indonesian players of all time.

Persipura Jayapura
Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Jayapura, or Persipura, is an Indonesian professional football club based in Jayapura, Papua. The club was founded in 1963 and currently competes in the Championship.

One of the giants of modern football in Indonesia, Persipura has won numerous league and cup titles. The club is known for having a distinct playing style, which often showcases the individual abilities of players. Persipura is also known for producing great players from Papua such as Rully Nere, Jack Komboy, Eduard Ivakdalam, Boaz Solossa, Ian Louis Kabes, and Imanuel Wanggai.
EFTA Surveillance Authority v Iceland
EFTA Surveillance Authority v Iceland was a case brought before the EFTA Court by the European Free Trade Association Surveillance Authority against Iceland following the Icesave dispute.

Following the final result of the 2011 Icelandic loan guarantee referendum, the European Free Trade Association Surveillance Authority (ESA) lodged a formal application with the EFTA Court. The case was opened on 15 December 2011, and has received defence and written observations from the governments of Iceland, UK, Netherlands, Norway and Liechtenstein as well as the EFTA Surveillance Authority and the European Commission.

The oral hearing in the case took place on 18 September 2012.  The judgment was delivered on 28 January 2013, in Iceland's favour. The court dismissed the application of the EFTA Surveillance Authority and ordered the authority to pay its own costs and the costs incurred by Iceland.

Icesave dispute
The Icesave dispute was a diplomatic dispute among Iceland, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. It began after the privately owned Icelandic bank Landsbanki was placed in receivership on 7 October 2008. As Landsbanki was one of three systemically important financial institutions in Iceland to go bankrupt within a few days, the Icelandic Depositors' and Investors' Guarantee Fund (Tryggingarsjóður) had no remaining funds to make good on deposit guarantees to foreign Landsbanki depositors, who held savings in the Icesave branch of the bank.