hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sang, Uttarakhand
Sang (Jadhang) is a small hilly village in Uttarkashi District, Uttarakhand, India, and claimed by Zanda County, Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China. A tributary of the Jadh Ganga, itself an important tributary of the Bhagirathi River, flows through this place.

Mana Pass and some of the nearby villages are Tirpani, Nelang and Pulam Sumda, which all lie in the valley of the Jadh Ganga.

To boost the astrotourism in India, the government is setting up an observatory here under the Vibrant Villages programme.

Nelang
Nelang or Nilang river valley containing a small eponymous village, part of Jadh Ganga valley of the Himalayas, in the Uttarkashi District of Uttarakhand state of India is close to the disputed Sino-Indian Line of Actual Control (LAC). This disputed area, entirely held by India, is also claimed by China as part of Zanda County of Ngari Prefecture of Tibet. It is reachable by a fork road from the NH-34 (part of Char Dham Highway).

Some of the villages near Nelang village are Dhumku in the west, and Jadhang (Sang) and Pulam Sumda in the northeast, all of which lie in the Jadh Ganga valley.
Traditional Thai clothing
Traditional Thai clothing (Thai: ชุดไทย, RTGS: chut thai lit. 'Thai outfit') refers to the traditional styles of dress worn by the Thai people. It can be worn by men, women, and children. Traditional clothing for Thai women usually consists of a pha nung or a (chong kraben), and a sabai. Northern and northeastern women may wear a sin instead of a pha nung and a chong kraben with either a blouse or a suea pat. Chut thai for men includes a chong kraben or pants, a Raj pattern shirt, with optional knee-length white socks and a sabai. Chut thai for northern Thai men is composed of a sado, a white Manchu-styled jacket, and sometimes a khian hua. In formal occasions, people may choose to wear a so-called formal Thai national costume.

Raj pattern
Raj pattern (Thai: ราชปะแตน, RTGS: ratcha-pataen, pronounced [râːt.tɕʰā.pā.tɛ̄ːn]) refers either to a Thai men's costume consisting of a white jacket with five buttons, a chong kraben, knee-length socks and slip-on shoes, or to the specific form of the jacket itself. It was worn chiefly during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by government officials and the upper class in Bangkok, and nowadays is used in select circumstances as a national costume. The symbolizes a fusion of Thai tradition and western influences during the era of modernization.
Beatrice Mintz
Beatrice Mintz (January 24, 1921 – January 3, 2022) was an American embryologist who contributed to the understanding of genetic modification, cellular differentiation, and cancer, particularly melanoma. Mintz was a pioneer of genetic engineering techniques and was among the first scientists to generate both chimeric and transgenic mammals.

In 1996, she shared the inaugural March of Dimes Prize in Developmental Biology with Ralph L. Brinster for their work in developing transgenic mice. Much of her career was spent at Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia where, in 2002, she was appointed to the Jack Schultz Chair in Basic Science. Mintz was a member of both the United States National Academy of Sciences and the Pontifical Academy of Sciences.

Ralph L. Brinster
Ralph Lawrence Brinster (born March 10, 1932) is an American geneticist, National Medal of Science laureate, and Richard King Mellon Professor of Reproductive Physiology at the School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.
25th Punjabis
The 25th Punjabis was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. It was raised in 1857, as the 17th Regiment of Punjab Infantry. It was designated as the 25th Punjabis in 1903 and became 1st Battalion 15th Punjab Regiment in 1922. In 1947, it was allocated to the Pakistan Army, where it continues to exist as 9th Battalion The Punjab Regiment.

15th Punjab Regiment
The 15th Punjab Regiment was a infantry regiment of the British Indian Army from 1922 to 1947 and of the Pakistan Army from 1947 to 1956. Following its allotment to Pakistan after the partition of India in 1947, it was amalgamated in 1956 with the 1st Punjab Regiment, the 14th Punjab Regiment, and the 16th Punjab Regiment to form the present-day Punjab Regiment.
Menno Colony
Menno Colony is a Mennonite settlement located in the central part of the Chaco region, in northwest Paraguay, occupying an area of 7500 km2 (2900 mi2). It was founded in 1926 by Plautdietsch-speaking descendants of Russian Mennonites who emigrated from Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Neighbouring Mennonite settlements are Fernheim Colony and Neuland Colony. The main settlement of the colony is Loma Plata. Menno is the largest of the Mennonite colonies in Paraguay.

Loma Plata
Loma Plata is a city in the district (distrito) of the Department of Boquerón, Paraguay. It is located 407 km from Asunción by a paved detour of 22 km from the Ruta Transchaco. It is the main town of the Menno Colony, one of the Mennonite colonies of the Paraguayan Chaco.
Dixon of Dock Green
Dixon of Dock Green is a BBC police procedural television series about daily life at a fictional London police station, with the emphasis on petty crime, successfully controlled through common sense and human understanding. It ran from 1955 to 1976. The central character, George Dixon, first appeared in the film The Blue Lamp (1950). Dixon is a mature and sympathetic police constable, who was played by Jack Warner in all of the 432 episodes.

Dixon is the supposed embodiment of a typical "bobby" who would be familiar with the area in which he patrolled and its residents and often lived there himself. The series contrasted with later programmes such as Z-Cars, which more realistically reflected a more aggressive policing culture. It retained a faithful following throughout its run and was voted second-most popular programme on British television in 1961.

Z-Cars
Z-Cars or Z Cars (pronounced "zed cars") is a British television police procedural series centred on the work of mobile uniformed police and CID detectives in the fictional town of Newtown, based on Kirkby, near Liverpool. Produced by the BBC, it debuted in January 1962 and ran until September 1978.

Z-Cars ran for 801 episodes, of which fewer than half have survived. Regular stars included Stratford Johns (Detective Inspector Barlow), Frank Windsor (Det. Sgt. Watt), James Ellis (Bert Lynch), and Brian Blessed ("Fancy" Smith). Barlow and Watt were later spun into a separate series Softly, Softly.
The Nixie of the Mill-Pond
"The Nixie of the Mill-Pond" (German: Die Nixe im Teich) is a German fairy tale that tells the story of a man captured by a nix (water spirit) and his wife's efforts to save him. The Brothers Grimm collected the tale in their Grimm's Fairy Tales (1857) as tale number 181. A note in the volume indicated that it was current in Upper Lusatia when the story was collected. Andrew Lang included a version in The Yellow Fairy Book, citing his source Hermann Kletke and titling it The Nixy.

It is classified as Aarne-Thompson Type 316, "The Nix of the Mill-Pond". This fairy tale type that falls under the larger category of "Supernatural Adversaries" and is characterized by a hero's parents being promised wealth or gifts in exchange for their child. This tale type is most common in Northern Europe and some variants have been recorded in Scotland.

Nixie (folklore)
The nixie, nixy, nix, neck, or nicker (Old English: nicor; Danish: nøkke; Dutch: nikker, nekker; Estonian: näkk; Faroese: nykur; Finnish: näkki; German: Nixe; Icelandic: nykur; Norwegian Bokmål: nøkk, nøkken; Nynorsk: nykk; Swedish: näck, näcken), are humanoid, and often shapeshifting, water spirits in Germanic mythology and folklore.

Under a variety of names, they are common to the stories of all Germanic peoples, although they are perhaps best known from Scandinavian folklore. The related English knucker was generally depicted as a worm or dragon, although more recent versions depict the spirits in other forms. Their sex, bynames, and various transformations vary geographically. The German Nix and Scandinavian counterparts were male. The German Nixe was a female river mermaid. Similar creatures are known from other parts of Europe, such as the Melusine in France, the Xana in Asturias (Spain), and the Slavic water spirits (e.g., the Rusalka) in Slavic countries.
Article processing charge
An article processing charge (APC), also known as a publication fee, is a fee which is sometimes charged to authors. Most commonly, it is involved in making an academic work available as open access (OA), in either a full OA journal or in a hybrid journal. This fee may be paid by the author, the author's institution, or their research funder. 
Sometimes, publication fees are also involved in traditional journals or for paywalled content.
Some publishers waive the fee in cases of hardship or geographic location, but this is not a widespread practice. An article processing charge does not guarantee that the author retains copyright to the work, or that it will be made available under a Creative Commons license.

Hybrid open-access journal
A hybrid open-access journal is a subscription journal in which some of the articles are open access. This status typically requires the payment of a publication fee (also called an article processing charge or APC) to the publisher in order to publish an article open access, in addition to the continued payment of subscriptions to access all other content. Strictly speaking, the term "hybrid open-access journal" is incorrect, possibly misleading, as using the same logic such journals could also be called "hybrid subscription journals". Simply using the term "hybrid access journal" is accurate.

Publishers that offer a hybrid open access option often use different names for it. The SHERPA/RoMEO site provides a list of publishers and the names of their options. The Open Access Directory provides a list of funds that support open access journals, and provides information about which funds will pay fees of hybrid open access journals.
Rise of the Renegades (2022)
Rise of the Renegades (2022) was a special episode of MLW Fusion that aired on June 9, 2022. Though it shares the same name as the reoccurring Rise of the Renegades professional wrestling event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW), the matches featured on the program were taped as part of the Azteca Underground event held at Gilley's Dallas in Dallas, Texas on April 1, 2022.

Three professional wrestling matches were contested on the card. The main event was a six-man tag team match, in which King Muertes, Mads Krügger and Richard Holliday defeated The Von Hammers (Alexander Hammerstone, Marshall Von Erich and Ross Von Erich). On the undercard, Octagón Jr. defeated Matt Cross to retain the Caribbean Heavyweight Championship and Gino Medina defeated Aramis in a Mexican Strap match.

MLW Azteca Underground
Azteca Underground was a professional wrestling supercard event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW), which took place on April 1, 2022, at Gilley's Dallas in Dallas, Texas. The event was a television taping for MLW Fusion on MLW's YouTube channel; the main event aired as part of the Rise of the Renegades special on June 9, 2022.

It was the second event held under the MLW Azteca banner, following the MLW Azteca/The Crash show in 2021, and the second of two MLW events to take place in Texas; the other being Intimidation Games.
BMW K1600
The BMW K1600GT, K1600GTL, K1600 Grand America and K1600B are Touring motorcycles manufactured by BMW Motorrad. The former two were announced in July 2010,
unveiled at the Intermot motorcycle show in Cologne in October 2010; they went on sale in March 2011. The latter was announced in October 2016.
The K1600GTL is a full dress luxury tourers, which replaced the K1200LT. It was intended to compete with the Honda Gold Wing. The K1600GT was more of a sport tourer similar to the then-existing K1300GT and previous K1200GT models. The K1600B is a bagger designed primarily for the North American market. The K1600 Grand America is another fully dressed tourer which is primarily marketed in North America which was launched in 2018.

Honda Gold Wing
The Honda Gold Wing is a series of touring motorcycles manufactured by Honda. Gold Wings feature shaft drive and a flat engine. Characterized by press in September 1974 as "The world's biggest motorcycle manufacturer's first attack on the over-750cc capacity market...", it was introduced at the Cologne Motorcycle Show in October 1974.
Tripadvisor
Tripadvisor is an American company that operates online travel agencies, comparison shopping websites, and mobile apps with user-generated content.

Its namesake brand, Tripadvisor.com, operates in 40 countries and 20 languages, and features approximately 1 billion reviews and opinions on roughly 8 million establishments. The company's other brands include Bokun.io, Cruise Critic, FlipKey, TheFork, Holiday Lettings, Housetrip, Jetsetter, Singleplatform, Niumba, SeatGuru, and Viator. The company is headquartered in Needham, Massachusetts.

In 2023, Tripadvisor earned 25 percent of its revenues from Expedia Group and Booking Holdings and their subsidiaries, primarily for pay-per-click advertising.

Matt Goldberg is Tripadvisor's CEO and president.

TheFork Australia
TheFork Australia (formerly known as Dimmi) was an online restaurant reservation platform founded in 2009 by Australian entrepreneur Stevan Premutico.  The company closed its Australian operations in March 2024.

The company provided a cloud-based reservation service to over 4,500 restaurants across Australia. Reservations could be made by diners online through its website.

Dimmi's restaurant reservation engine, dining portal and online bookings was powered by ResDiary.

In January 2024, TheFork announced it would be discontinuing operations in Australia from 31 March 2024.
Stourbridge Basin
Stourbridge Basin was a canal basin at Amblecote, Stourbridge, West Midlands, England. It lay at the end of the 'Stourbridge Town Arm', a short canal branch which connected to the Stourbridge Canal at Wordsley Junction. The basin was also the site of the Amblecote Goods Depot at the terminus of the Stourbridge Branch Line.

Stourbridge Town branch line
The Stourbridge Town branch line is a 0.8-mile (1.3 km) railway branch line, in Stourbridge, West Midlands, England. It is the shortest railway line in Britain. It is sometimes called the shortest line in Europe to host a daily service, although this is incorrect; it is notably beaten by the branch line to Friedrichshafen Hafen, in Germany.

The line, which was originally constructed to provide transshipment with the Stourbridge Town Arm of the Stourbridge Canal, is now solely used for passenger services.

The route is operated by Pre Metro Operations on behalf of West Midlands Trains. It is currently branded as part of the West Midlands Railway sub-brand. Under the previous franchise, which ended on 10 December 2017, the service was branded as the London Midland Stourbridge Shuttle. Service is provided using two Class 139 Parry People Movers.
Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation
In bifurcation theory, a field within mathematics, a Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation is a well-studied example of a bifurcation with co-dimension two, meaning that two parameters must be varied for the bifurcation to occur. It is named after Rifkat Bogdanov and Floris Takens, who independently and simultaneously described this bifurcation.

A system y' = f(y) undergoes a Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation if it has a fixed point and the linearization of f around that point has a double eigenvalue at zero (assuming that some technical nondegeneracy conditions are satisfied).

Three codimension-one bifurcations occur nearby: a saddle-node bifurcation, an Andronov–Hopf bifurcation and a homoclinic bifurcation. All associated bifurcation curves meet at the Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation.

The normal form of the Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation is

There exist two codimension-three degenerate Takens–Bogdanov bifurcations, also known as Dumortier–Roussarie–Sotomayor bifurcations.

Bifurcation theory
Bifurcation theory is the mathematical study of changes in the qualitative or topological structure of a given family of curves, such as the integral curves of a family of vector fields, and the solutions of a family of differential equations. Most commonly applied to the mathematical study of dynamical systems, a bifurcation occurs when a small smooth change made to the parameter values (the bifurcation parameters) of a system causes a sudden "qualitative" or topological change in its behavior. Bifurcations occur in both continuous systems (described by ordinary, delay or partial differential equations) and discrete systems (described by maps).

The name "bifurcation" was first introduced by Henri Poincaré in 1885 in the first paper in mathematics showing such a behavior.
Kim Noble
Kim Noble is a British comedian and artist, and was one half of the BAFTA-nominated comedy duo Noble and Silver, who won the 2000 Perrier Award for Best Newcomer. He was born in 1960 on September 15. Kim has featured in shows such as The Mighty Boosh, Garth Marenghi's Darkplace, and Man to Man with Dean Learner, as well as appearing onstage in his own one-man shows and exhibitions. His stage work, by himself and with Stuart Silver, had an emphasis on performance art, as well as surreal comedy.

Stuart Silver
Stuart Silver is a screenwriter, television writer, actor and director. He works solo and collaboratively and is co-founder of the BAFTA-nominated, performance duo Noble and Silver, who won the 2000 Perrier Award (now the Foster's Edinburgh Comedy Awards) for Best Newcomer.  Stuart has since appeared on stage in his own one-man show, You Look Like Ants and in shorter pieces. He has also featured in television shows such as Get Off Me, The Mighty Boosh, Garth Marenghi's Darkplace, and Man to Man with Dean Learner.
Oneida County, Idaho
Oneida County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 Census the county had a population of 4,564. The county seat and largest city is Malad City. Most of the county's population lives in Malad City and the surrounding Malad Valley.

Malad City, Idaho
Malad City (also commonly known as Malad) is the only city in and the county seat of Oneida County, Idaho, United States. In 2020 the population was 2,299 people.

The city is named after the nearby Malad River, the name being French for "sickly". Malad City is located along Interstate 15 on the east side of the Malad Valley 13 miles (21 km) from the Utah/Idaho border.
Fenuapeho
Fenuapeho (c. 1773–1831), also known as Upaupa, was a prominent chief of the island of Taha'a. He served as regent for the young Teri'inohorai, later known as Tapoa II, the grandson of Chief Tapoa I, during a period of significant political and religious transformation in the Society Islands. In April 1831, Fenuapeho undertook a voyage to Bora Bora, but was tragically lost at sea during his return to Taha'a..

Tapoa II
Tapoa II (c. 1806–1860), also known as Teri'inohora'i, Pōmare, or Teari'imaevarua was a prominent figure in the political and dynastic history of the Leeward Islands during the nineteenth century. Through his marriage to Aimata, the future Queen Pōmare IV, he held the title of Royal consort of Tahiti from 1827 until December 1832. He became King of Bora Bora and Maupiti in 1840 and ruled until his death in 1860. His reign illustrates the complex interplay of indigenous leadership, missionary influence, and colonial pressures that shaped the political landscape of the Society Islands during this period.
SouthPeak Games
SouthPeak Interactive Corporation, doing business as SouthPeak Games, was an American video game publisher based in Midlothian, Virginia. Founded on March 1, 1996, as a subsidiary of SAS Institute in Cary, North Carolina, it was sold and moved to Midlothian, Virginia in 2000, and became a public company in 2008. Also in 2008, the company acquired and closed Austin, Texas–based publisher Gamecock Media Group, and opened a separate digital distribution subsidiary 7Sixty in Grapevine, Texas in 2011. SouthPeak Games quietly disappeared from the public eye in July 2013.

Gamecock Media Group
Gamecock Media Group was an American video game publisher based in Austin, Texas, founded in February 2007 by Mike Wilson, Harry Miller and Rick Stults, formerly founders and executives of Gathering of Developers. The company was acquired by SouthPeak Games in October 2008 and subsequently shut down.
Levorphanol
Levorphanol (brand name Levo-Dromoran) is an opioid medication used to treat moderate to severe pain. It is the levorotatory enantiomer of the compound racemorphan. Its dextrorotatory counterpart is dextrorphan.

It was first described in Germany in 1946. The drug has been in medical use in the United States since 1953.

Racemorphan
Racemorphan, or morphanol, is the racemic mixture of the two stereoisomers of 17-methylmorphinan-3-ol, each with differing pharmacology and effects:

Dextrorphan –  an antitussive and  dissociative hallucinogen (NMDA receptor antagonist)

Levorphanol –  an opioid analgesic

Its analgesic activity is intermediate between Dextrorphan and Levorphanol.

Racemorphan itself is under international control per the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961 and is therefore listed as a Schedule II Narcotic controlled substance in the US Controlled Substances Act 1970; it has an ACSCN of 9733 and in 2014 it had an aggregate annual manufacturing quota of zero.  The salts in use are hydrobromide (free base conversion ratio  0.741), hydrochloride (0.876), and tartrate (0.632).
Somerset High School (Bellflower, California)
Somerset High School is a continuation school located in Bellflower, California, as part of the Bellflower Unified School District (BUSD).

As of 2004, Somerset had 17 regular educations teachers and 16 classrooms serving 353 students from the communities of Lakewood and Bellflower.  Average class size is 12.7 students.

Bellflower, California
Bellflower is a city in southeastern Los Angeles County, California, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. It was founded in 1906 and incorporated on September 3, 1957. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 79,190, up from 76,616 at the 2010 census. This made it the 65th most densely populated city in the United States, of cities over 50,000 residents (and the 8th most densely populated city in California).
Mickey Horton
Mickey Horton is a fictional character from the soap opera Days of Our Lives, played from the show's debut episode in 1965 until January 2004 by John Clarke, spanning 3,500 episodes. The role was briefly played in 2004 by Richard Voigts, then by John Ingle from 2004 through 2006. Kevin Dobson appeared as Mickey in the character's final appearances between April and October 2008.

At the time of his retirement, Clarke was the longest-tenured original Days of our Lives actor after his onscreen mother Frances Reid (Alice Horton), appearing in the role for 39 years. He was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award in 1979 for Lead Actor in a Drama Series for his portrayal of Mickey.

Alice Horton
Alice Horton is a fictional character on the NBC soap opera Days of Our Lives, portrayed by Frances Reid from the show's debut on November 8, 1965, until December 26, 2007.

In her role as matriarch of the Horton family, Alice's storylines focused on the many troubles of her children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Her marriage to Tom Horton (Macdonald Carey) played a key role from 1965 until 1994, when Carey died from lung cancer. Reid's portrayal earned her nominations for a Daytime Emmy Award for Supporting Actress in 1979 and for Lead Actress in 1987; she was awarded a Daytime Emmy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2004. Reid won the Soap Opera Digest Award for Outstanding Actress in a Mature Role in 1978, 1979, 1984, and 1985, and was inducted into the Television Academy's archives in 2003.

Reid died at age 95 on February 3, 2010.