hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lindsey Oil Refinery
Prax Lindsey Oil Refinery is an oil refinery in North Killingholme, North Lincolnshire, England owned and operated by the Prax Group. It lies to the north of the Humber Refinery, owned by rival oil company Phillips 66, and the railway line to Immingham Docks. Immingham Power Station, owned by VPI Immingham, provides the electricity and heat for the fractionation processes.

The company owning the refinery filed for insolvency on 29 June 2025, prompting the UK government to provide funding for special support and insolvency practitioners to maintain the refinery whilst a new buyer was sought. On 5 January 2026, Phillips 66 agreed to buy Lindsey Oil Refinery.

Humber Refinery
The Humber Refinery is a British oil refinery in South Killingholme, North Lincolnshire. It is situated south of the railway line next to the A160; Prax Group's Lindsey Oil Refinery is north of the railway line.

It is situated approximately ten miles north west of Grimsby, and processes approximately 221,000 barrels (35,100 m3) of crude oil per day. It has been owned by Phillips 66 since its spin-off from ConocoPhillips on 1 May 2012.
Kumcha Lempi
Kumcha Lempi (Meitei: ꯀꯨꯝꯆꯥ ꯂꯦꯝꯄꯤ, romanized: /koom-chaa lem-pee/), also known as Kumja Lembi (Meitei: ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯂꯦꯝꯕꯤ, romanized: /koom-jaa lem-bee/), is a woman in Meitei mythology and folklore of ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). She is known for being a victim of an attack by a tiger in Khoirentak.
Her tragedy is frequently mentioned, narrated and retold in the Moirang Kangleirol legends, usually by the Pena (musical instrument) playing balladeers till present times.

Khoirentak tiger
The Khoirentak tiger (Meitei: ꯈꯣꯢꯔꯦꯟꯇꯥꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯀꯩꯔꯦꯜ) was a vicious monster in Meitei mythology that lived in Khoirentak. It was eventually killed by Khuman Khamba.
The tiger caused havoc to the people of the Khoirentak in Ancient Moirang, thereby becoming the "man eater" of the region. Finally, Khuman Khamba and Nongban were ordered by the king, to catch the beast. In the first encounter, Nongban was killed by the tiger and at the final meet, Khuman Khamba successfully captured and killed it. Finally, when he brought it to the capital city of Ancient Moirang, Thoibi was given to him, hand in marriage.
Urthona
In the mythological writings of William Blake, Urthona is one of the four Zoas, who were created when Albion, the primordial man, was divided fourfold. Specifically, he is the Zoa of inspiration and creativity, and he is a blacksmith god. His female counterpart is Enitharmon. Urthona usually appears in his "fallen" form, that of Los.

Albion (Blake)
In the mythology of William Blake, Albion is the primeval man whose fall and division results in the Four Zoas: Urizen, Tharmas, Luvah/Orc and Urthona/Los. The name derives from the ancient and mythological name of Britain, Albion.
Jamie Buchan
Martin James Buchan (born 3 April 1977) is a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Aberdeen, Dundee United, Partick Thistle, Montrose, Peterhead and Cove Rangers. Born in England, he represented the Scotland U21 national team. He is the son of former Manchester United and Scotland player Martin Buchan.

Martin Buchan
Martin McLean Buchan (born 6 March 1949) is a Scottish former professional footballer who played as a centre back. Born in Aberdeen, he played for Aberdeen, Manchester United and Oldham Athletic. He also played in 34 international matches for Scotland between 1971 and 1978 including at two World Cups. Buchan later managed Burnley.
A6136 road
The A6136 is a 4 digit A road in North Yorkshire, England. It runs between the A6108 Queen's Road, in the market town of Richmond, before terminating on the A6055 in Catterick, near the A1(M) Junction 52.

A6108 road
The A6108 road is an A road in North Yorkshire, England. It runs from the south of Scotch Corner to Ripon going via Richmond and Leyburn across the moors and the valleys of Swaledale and Wensleydale. The road is 37 miles (60 km) long, but through traffic between the two destinations will find a shorter route of 26 miles (42 km) by going south on the A1. The route is single carriageway for its entire length.

The route was closed for traffic on 5 July 2014 between Leyburn and Ripon to accommodate Stage One of the Tour De France.
Superconducting tunnel junction
The superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) – also known as a superconductor–insulator–superconductor tunnel junction (SIS) – is an electronic device consisting of two superconductors separated by a very thin layer of insulating material. Current passes through the junction via the process of quantum tunneling. The STJ is a type of Josephson junction, though not all the properties of the STJ are described by the Josephson effect.

These devices have a wide range of applications, including high-sensitivity detectors of electromagnetic radiation, magnetometers, high speed digital circuit elements, and quantum computing circuits.

SQUID
A SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) is a very sensitive magnetometer used to measure extremely weak magnetic fields, based on superconducting loops containing Josephson junctions.

SQUIDs are sensitive enough to measure magnetic fields as low as 5×10−18 T with a few days of averaged measurements (see orders of magnitude (magnetic field)). Their noise levels are as low as 3 fT·Hz−1⁄2. For comparison, a typical refrigerator magnet produces 10−2 T, and some processes in animals produce very small magnetic fields between 10−9 T and 10−6 T. SERF atomic magnetometers, invented in the early 2000s are potentially more sensitive and do not require cryogenic refrigeration but are orders of magnitude larger in size (~1 cm3) and must be operated in a near-zero magnetic field.
Pennsylvania Route 170
Pennsylvania Route 170 (PA 170, designated by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation as SR 170) is an 11.65-mile-long (18.75 km) state highway located in Wayne County in Pennsylvania. The southern terminus is at U.S. Route 6 (US 6) in Prompton. The northern terminus is at PA 670 near Mount Pleasant Township. The route was designated in 1928 by the Pennsylvania Department of Highways as a spur of PA 70, although did not intersect with PA 70. Route 70 was renumbered in 1961 to PA 171. It is currently one of three remaining spurs of PA 70, including PA 370 and PA 670.

Pennsylvania Route 370
Pennsylvania Route 370 (PA 370, designated by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation as SR 370) is a 16.73-mile-long (26.92 km) state highway located in Susquehanna and Wayne counties in Pennsylvania. The western terminus is at PA 171 in East Ararat. The eastern terminus is at PA 191 in Buckingham Township near Hancock, New York. PA 370 was first designated by the Pennsylvania Department of Highways in 1928 from the intersection with then PA 70 in East Ararat to an intersection with PA 570 in the hamlet of Preston Park (in Preston Township). The route was extended to an intersection with PA 90 (now PA 191) in 1946, when the 23-mile-long (37 km) PA 570 was decommissioned.
Lander College for Men
The Lander College for Men is a private men's division of Touro University System located in Kew Gardens Hills, Queens, New York City. Its stated goal is to provide a college curriculum while maintaining a traditional Yeshiva environment. Generally, its attendees are students who have attended post-high school programs studying Talmud prior to their attendance, primarily in Israel.

Touro University System
Touro University is a private Jewish university system headquartered in New York City, with branches throughout the United States as well as one each in Germany, Israel, and Russia. It was founded by Bernard Lander in 1971 and named for Isaac and Judah Touro. Its main campus in New York City is the largest private Jewish university in the U.S. Touro initially focused on higher education for the Jewish community, but it now has 113,457 living alumni and serves a diverse population of over 19,000 students across 36 schools and four countries. There are many branches of Touro University, including Lander College for Men and Lander College for Women.
Sierra Negra
Sierra Negra (also, and perhaps more properly, Cerro La Negra) is an extinct volcano located in the Mexican state of Puebla, close to the border with Veracruz. At officially 4,580 metres (15,030 ft) above sea level, it is the fifth-highest peak in Mexico. Sierra Negra is overshadowed by nearby Pico de Orizaba (5,610 m/18,406 ft).

Pico de Orizaba
Citlaltépetl (from Náhuatl citlal(in) = star, and tepētl = mountain), otherwise known as Pico de Orizaba, is an active volcano and the highest in North America, as well as the highest mountain in Mexico and third highest peak in North America, after Denali/Mount McKinley of the United States and Mount Logan of Canada. It rises 5,636 metres (18,491 ft) above sea level in the eastern end of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, on the border between the states of Veracruz and Puebla. The volcano is currently dormant but not extinct, with the last eruption taking place during the 19th century. It is the second most prominent volcanic peak in the world after Mount Kilimanjaro. Pico de Orizaba is ranked 16th by topographic isolation.
Haliacmon
The Haliacmon (Greek: Αλιάκμονας, Aliákmonas; formerly: Ἁλιάκμων, Aliákmon or Haliákmōn) is the longest river of Greece, flowing entirely on Greek soil in the region of Macedonia, with a total length of 297 km (185 mi). In Greece there are three rivers longer than Haliacmon: Evros (Greek: Έβρος), Strymonas (Greek: Στρυμόνας), both coming from Bulgaria, and Axios (Greek: Αξιός) coming from North Macedonia, but the length of each one of them in Greek territory is less than that of Haliacmon, which flows entirely in Greece. Haliacmon is the traditional English name for the river, but many sources cite the formerly official Katharevousa version of the name, Aliákmon. Today, the only official variant is the demotic Aliákmonas. It flows through the Greek regions of Western Macedonia (Kastoria, Grevena and Kozani regional units) and Central Macedonia (Imathia and Pieria regional units). Its drainage basin is 8,813 km2 (3,403 sq mi).

Vardar
The Vardar (/ˈvɑːrdɑːr/; Macedonian: Вардарⓘ, Albanian: Vardar/-i, Turkish: Vardar) or Axios (Greek: Αξιός, romanized: Aksiós, Albanian: Asi (historically)) is the longest river in North Macedonia and a major river in Greece, where it reaches the Aegean Sea at Thessaloniki. It is 388 km (241 mi) long, out of which 76 km (47 mi) are in Greece, and drains an area of around 25,000 km2 (9,653 sq mi). The maximum depth of the river is 4 m (13 ft).
Union of Arras
The Union of Arras (Dutch: Unie van Atrecht, French: Union d'Arras, Spanish: Unión de Arrás) was an alliance between the County of Artois, the County of Hainaut and the city of Douai in the Habsburg Netherlands in early 1579 during the Eighty Years' War. Dissatisfied with the religious policies of rebel leader Prince of Orange and the States General of the Netherlands, and especially the rise of the radical Calvinist Republic of Ghent since October 1577, they signed a declaration on 6 January 1579 about their intent to offer a vigorous defense of the Catholic religion against what they saw as encroachments by Calvinists in other provinces. These signatories would begin negotiations for a separate peace with the Spanish Crown, which resulted in the Treaty of Arras of 17 May 1579.

Treaty of Arras (1579)
The Treaty of Arras of 17 May 1579 was a peace treaty that was concluded between the Spanish Crown, represented by Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma, and representatives of the County of Hainaut; the County of Artois; and the cities of Douai, Lille, Orchies and Arras, all of which were members of the Union of Arras, which had been formed on the 6 January 1579.

It was a separate peace that formally ended the state of war that had existed between those entities during the Eighty Years' War. The provinces and towns that had formed the Union of Utrecht (23 January 1579) continued the war.
Doctor Minerva
Doctor Minerva (Minn-Erva) is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Scott Edelman and artist Al Milgrom, the character first appeared in Captain Marvel #50 (May 1977). Doctor Minerva works as a geneticist and is a member of the Kree race. She was an enemy of Mar-Vell (Captain Marvel) and later Quasar. She became the partner of Captain Atlas and a member of Kree superteam Starforce.

Gemma Chan portrayed the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Captain Marvel (2019).

Captain Marvel (Mar-Vell)
Captain Marvel (real name: Mar-Vell; Earth alias Walter Lawson) is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer-editor Stan Lee and designed by artist Gene Colan, the character first appeared in Marvel Super-Heroes #12 (December 1967). He is the first character to use the moniker Captain Marvel in the Marvel Universe.

The character debuted during the Silver Age of comic books and made many subsequent appearances, including a self-titled series and the second volume of the Marvel Spotlight series until his death in 1982, which has since remained largely permanent within mainstream continuity and most other media, with Carol Danvers (the former Ms. Marvel) becoming the primarily featured Captain Marvel in the modern age.
Mansfield, New York
Mansfield is a town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 843 at the 2020 census. The name was thought to be that of a noble family in England.

The town is centrally located in Cattaraugus County, north of Little Valley.

Little Valley, New York
Little Valley is a town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 1,672 at the 2020 census. The town is named after its local geographical setting, a relative comparison of two tributaries (the other being the neighboring Great Valley) of the Allegheny River.

The town of Little Valley is centrally located in the county, north of the city of Salamanca. The town contains a village also named Little Valley, which is the county seat.
Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany
Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany (c. 1184 – 10 August 1241), also known as Damsel of Brittany, Pearl of Brittany, or Beauty of Brittany, was the eldest daughter of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany, and Constance, Duchess of Brittany. Her father was the fourth son of King Henry II of England, and she was the niece of the English kings Richard I and John. As a potential threat to ascendency to the English throne, John imprisoned her in 1202 and she was held in captivity until her death. Like Empress Matilda and Elizabeth of York, Eleanor's claim to the English throne gained little support from the barons, under the expectation that the monarch should be male, despite legal provision for a female monarch. Some historians have commented that her imprisonment was "the most unjustifiable act of King John".

Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany
Geoffrey II (Breton: Jafrez; Latin: Galfridus, Anglo-Norman: Geoffroy; 23 September 1158 – 19 August 1186) was Duke of Brittany and Earl of Richmond between 1181 and 1186, through his marriage to Constance, Duchess of Brittany. Geoffrey was the fourth of five sons of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
Saudafjorden
Saudafjorden is a fjord in Rogaland county, Norway. The fjord stretches from the town of Sauda in Sauda Municipality in the north to the village of Sand in Suldal Municipality where the Saudafjorden and Hylsfjorden join together to form the Sandsfjorden.

The Saudafjorden is the northernmost branch of the main Boknafjord which dominates Rogaland county.  The 17-kilometre (11 mi) long Saudafjorden is an open, wide fjord with a depth approaching 400 metres (1,300 ft).

The fjord was carved by the action of glaciers in the ice ages and was flooded by the sea when the later glaciers retreated. The fjord has no marked threshold as the glacial ice flow joined that from the Hylsfjord and flowed into the Sandsfjord.

Hylsfjord
Hylsfjorden or Hylsfjord is a fjord in the municipality Suldal in Rogaland county, Norway.  The 20-kilometre (12 mi) long fjord runs from the small area of Hylen to the west.  It ends just north of the village of Sand where it joins the Saudafjorden and together they form the Sandsfjorden, an inner branch of the Boknafjorden. The 160-megawatt (210,000 hp) Hylen Hydroelectric Power Station is located in the inner end of Hylsfjord.  The fjord has relatively little development along its shores, only a few small hamlets, with Vanvik being the largest.
Tuntsa Wilderness Area
Tuntsa Wilderness Area (Finnish: Tuntsan erämaa) is a wilderness reserve in the municipalities of Salla and Savukoski in Lapland, Finland. It is governed by Metsähallitus and covers 212 square kilometres (82 mi2). It was established in 1991 like all the other wilderness areas in Lapland.

Wilderness areas of Finland
The wilderness areas (Finnish: Erämaa-alueet, Swedish: Ödemarksområden) of Finland are remote areas which are not strictly nature reserves. The areas were set up in 1991 to preserve their wilderness character, the Sami culture and their natural form of livelihood. There are 12 such areas, all of which are located in northern Lapland. The reserves cover an area of 14,890 square kilometres (5,750 sq mi). All the reserves are managed by the Metsähallitus (Forest Administration).

Hammastunturi Wilderness Area

Kaldoaivi Wilderness Area

Kemihaara Wilderness Area

Käsivarsi Wilderness Area

Muotkatunturi Wilderness Area

Paistunturi Wilderness Area

Pulju Wilderness Area

Pöyrisjärvi Wilderness Area

Tarvantovaara Wilderness Area

Tsarmitunturi Wilderness Area

Tuntsa Wilderness Area

Vätsäri Wilderness Area
Adnanites
The Adnanites (Arabic: عَدْنَانِيُّون, romanized: ʿadnāniyyūn) were a tribal confederation of the Ishmaelite Arabs who originate from the Hejaz. They trace their lineage back to Ishmael, son of the Islamic prophet and patriarch Abraham and his wife Hagar, through Adnan. The Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged to the Quraysh tribe of the 'Adnanites'.

According to the Arab tradition, the Adnanites are the Northern Arabs, unlike the Qahtanite Arabs of southern Arabia, who are descended from Qahtan, son of the Islamic prophet Hūdʿ.

Qahtanite
The Qahtanites (/ˈkɑːtənaɪts/; Arabic: قَحْطَانِيون, romanized: Qaḥṭānīyun), also known as Banu Qahtan (Arabic: بنو قحطان) or by their nickname al-Arab al-Ariba (Arabic: العرب العاربة), are the Arabs who originate from modern-day Hadhramaut, Yemen. The term "Qahtan" is mentioned in multiple Ancient South Arabian inscriptions found in Yemen. Some Arab traditions believe that the Qahtanites are the original Arabs.

In some Judeo-Christian-Islamic traditions, the Qahtanite Arabs descend from Jokshan, a son of Abraham through Keturah and half brother of Ishmael son of Abraham through Hagar.
Water sprout
Water sprouts or water shoots are shoots that arise from the trunk of a tree or from branches that are several years old, from latent buds. The latent buds might be visible on the bark of the tree, or submerged under the bark as epicormic buds. They are sometimes called suckers,  although that term is more correctly applied to shoots that arise from below ground, from the roots, and a distance from the trunk.

Vigorous upright water sprouts often develop in response to various factors such as physical damage, heavy pruning (or pruning in general), sub-par environmental conditions (drought, overhydration, or improper soil conditions), and in response to pest and/or disease.

The structure of water-sprout regrowth is not as strong as that of the original tree, and the shoots are more subject to diseases and pests. This type of shoot is undesirable on orchard trees because very little fruit is produced on them.

Basal shoot
Basal shoots, root sprouts, adventitious shoots, and suckers are words for various kinds of shoots that grow from adventitious buds on the base of a tree or shrub, or from adventitious buds on its roots. Shoots that grow from buds on the base of a tree or shrub are called basal shoots; these are distinguished from shoots that grow from adventitious buds on the roots of a tree or shrub, which may be called root sprouts or suckers. A plant that produces root sprouts or runners is described as surculose. Water sprouts produced by adventitious buds may occur on the above-ground stem, branches or both of trees and shrubs. Suckers are shoots arising underground from the roots some distance from the base of a tree or shrub.
Garfield Township, Grand Traverse County, Michigan
Garfield Township, officially the Charter Township of Garfield, is a charter township of Grand Traverse County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township had a total population of 19,499.

Garfield Township is the largest municipality in Northern Lower Michigan by population. Much of the township is suburban, due to its proximity to Traverse City. It is one of four charter townships in the Traverse City metropolitan area; the others being Elmwood Township in Leelanau County, and East Bay and Long Lake townships in Grand Traverse County.

East Bay Township, Michigan
East Bay Charter Township is a charter township of Grand Traverse County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 11,589 at the 2020 census, up from 10,663 at the 2010 census. It is one of three charter townships in Grand Traverse County, and is the second-most populous township in Northern Michigan, behind neighboring Garfield Township.

The northern portion of the township is adjacent to Traverse City and is part of that city's urban area. The southern portion remains largely rural, with many small lakes. East Bay Township is the location of Traverse City State Park.
2018 Central Maryland Flood
In the afternoon of May 27, 2018, after over 8 inches (20 cm) of rain in a span of two hours, the historic Main Street in Ellicott City, Maryland experienced catastrophic flooding, just days before the new flood emergency alert system was supposed to become operational. Flooding occurred throughout the Patapsco Valley, in the adjacent communities of Catonsville, Arbutus, and Elkridge, as well as the Jones Falls Valley in Baltimore.

The flooding caused a significant amount of damage to Ellicott City, which had been severely damaged in another flood just two years earlier. The streets were covered in water, buildings collapsed, and cars were swept away. It also caused the death of National Guardsman Sgt. Eddison Hermond.

Since the floods, the state and local governments have signed pieces of legislation to demolish some buildings in the historic district.

2016 Maryland flood
The 2016 Maryland flood was a natural disaster in the United States that took place on July 30, 2016.  The flooding, which occurred in the Baltimore area, affected low-lying areas of the Patapsco and Jones Falls valleys. The storm caused significant damage to the historic downtown area of Ellicott City, Maryland.
Marquess of Heusden
Marquess of Heusden (Dutch: Markies van Heusden) is a high-ranking Dutch title of nobility retained by the Earl of Clancarty.

The 2nd Earl of Clancarty, an Anglo-Irish peer, was credited with resolving various border disputes in the Netherlands, Germany and Italy at the Congress of Vienna (1814 – 1815) and in his role as Ambassador to the Netherlands. For his service as ambassador to The Hague, he was raised into the Dutch nobility with the creation of the hereditary title Markies van Heusden (Marquess of Heusden) by King Willem I of the Netherlands (royal decree 8 July 1815 no. 14).

Richard Trench, 2nd Earl of Clancarty
Richard Le Poer Trench, 2nd Earl of Clancarty, 1st Marquess of Heusden GCB GCH PC (19 May 1767 – 24 November 1837), styled The Honourable from 1797 to 1803 and then Viscount Dunlo to 1805, was an Anglo-Irish peer, a nobleman in the Dutch nobility, and a diplomat. He was an Irish, and later British, Member of Parliament and a supporter of Pitt. Additionally he was appointed Postmaster General of Ireland, and later, of the United Kingdom.