hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jawahir al-Kalam
Jawahir al-Kalam fi Sharh Shara'i al-Islam (Arabic: جَواهِر الکَلام), also known as Jawahir al-Kalam, written by Muhammad Hasan Najafi, is one of the primary sources of Shia jurisprudence. It is also considered a secondary source for the Islamic penal code and other laws.

Shara'i al-Islam
Shara'l' al-Islam Fi Masa'il al-Halal wal-Haram (Arabic: شرائع الاسلام فی مسائل الحلال و الحرام), also known as Shara'i al-Islam or Shara'i by Abu al-Qasim Najm al-Din Ja'far ibn Hasan, also known as Muhaqqiq al-Hilli (676–602 AH), is a book on Ja'fari jurisprudence. Since its writing (approximately 750 years ago), it has been regarded as one of the most significant legal education texts in Shiite seminaries, earning its author the title of "author of Shara'i."
Worth County, Iowa
Worth County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,443. The county seat is Northwood. The county was founded in 1851 and named for Major General William Jenkins Worth (1794–1849), an officer in both the Seminole War and the Mexican–American War.

Worth County is part of the Mason City, IA Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Northwood, Iowa
Northwood is a city in and the county seat of Worth County, Iowa, United States, along the Shell Rock River. The population was 2,072 at the time of the 2020 census.

Northwood is part of the Mason City Micropolitan Statistical Area.
History of Alton Towers
Alton Towers is a historic estate located near the village of Alton in Staffordshire, England. It was the seat of the Earls of Shrewsbury during the 19th century. The area around Alton Towers has seen human habitation for more than a thousand years. The estate is today home to the Alton Towers theme park, opened in 1980.

Earl of Shrewsbury
Earl of Shrewsbury (/ˈʃroʊzbəri/) is a hereditary title of nobility created twice in the Peerage of England. The second earldom dates to 1442. The holder of the Earldom of Shrewsbury also holds the title of Earl of Waterford (1446) in the Peerage of Ireland and Earl Talbot (1784) in the Peerage of Great Britain. Shrewsbury and Waterford are the oldest earldoms in their peerages held by someone with no higher title (the oldest earldoms in each peerage being held by the Duke of Norfolk and Duke of Leinster), and as such the Earl of Shrewsbury is sometimes described as the premier earl of England and Ireland.
Stephenson County, Illinois
Stephenson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 United States census, it had a population of 44,630. Its county seat is Freeport. Stephenson County is included in the Freeport, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rockford-Freeport-Rochelle, IL Combined Statistical Area.

Freeport, Illinois
Freeport is the largest city in Stephenson County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. The population was 23,973 at the 2020 census. Located along the Pecatonica River, Freeport is known for hosting the second Lincoln–Douglas debate of 1858, and as "Pretzel City, USA", due to a popular German bakery that became known for its prolific pretzel production in the 19th century. Freeport High School's mascot is the Pretzel to honor its heritage.
Shakey's Super League
The Shakey's Super League (SSL) is a women's volleyball league in the Philippines contested within the collegiate and high school levels. The league is organized by Shakey's Pizza Asia Ventures Inc. (SPAVI), title sponsors of the original V-League, and Athletic Events and Sports Management Group Inc. (ACES), organizers of the now-defunct Philippine Super Liga.

V-League (Philippines)
The V-League is a collegiate volleyball league for both men and women in the Philippines organized by Sports Vision. The league is a revival of the former Shakey's V-League. The Metro Manila tournament is also known as the V-League Collegiate Challenge.

The league was established in 2022 as a result of the Premier Volleyball League turning into a professional league, which meant that collegiate women's teams can no longer take part. Thus, the V-League was relaunched to accommodate those teams. Collegiate men's teams from Spikers' Turf also moved to the revived league.

In 2025, Sports Vision established V-League Visayas, a regional counterpart for Visayas-based teams.
Wexford County, Michigan
Wexford County is a county in the Northern Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 33,673. The seat of Wexford County is Cadillac, which is also the county's largest city.

Wexford County is largely covered by the Manistee National Forest, and thus is heavily wooded. The Manistee River flows from east to west in the north of the county. Briar Hill, the highest point in Michigan's Lower Peninsula, is located in northwestern Wexford County, at 1,706 feet (520 m).

The county is the location of the first known sighting of the Michigan Dogman, in 1887.

Cadillac, Michigan
Cadillac (/ˈkædəlæk/ KAD-ə-lak) is a city in and county seat of Wexford County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 10,371 at the 2020 census, making it the second most-populated city in the Northern Michigan region, after Traverse City.

Cadillac was settled as early as 1871 and formerly known as the village of Clam Lake before incorporating as a city in 1877. The city is located upon the shores of Lake Cadillac, connected by the Clam Lake Canal to Lake Mitchell. The Clam River, which begins in Cadillac, is part of the Muskegon River watershed. Cadillac is the junction of three major highways: US Highway 131, M-55, and M-115. The geographic center of Michigan is approximately five miles (8.0 km) north-northwest of Cadillac. Cadillac is the primary city of the Cadillac micropolitan area, which includes all of Wexford County and Missaukee County to the east, and had population of 48,725 at the 2020 census.
Water cooling
Water cooling is a method of heat removal from components and industrial equipment. Evaporative cooling using water is often more efficient than air cooling. Water is inexpensive and non-toxic; however, it can contain impurities and cause corrosion.

Water cooling is commonly used for cooling automobile internal combustion engines and power stations. Water coolers utilising convective heat transfer are used inside some high-end personal computers to further lower the temperature of CPUs and other components compared to air cooling.

Other uses include the cooling of lubricant oil in pumps; for cooling purposes in heat exchangers; for cooling buildings in HVAC and in chillers.

Cooling pond
A cooling pond is a man-made body of water primarily formed for the purpose of cooling heated water or to store and supply cooling water to a nearby power plant or industrial facility such as a petroleum refinery, pulp and paper mill, chemical plant, steel mill or smelter.
Wolin (town)
Wolin ([ˈvɔlin]; German: Wollin) is a town in Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship in northwestern Poland. It is the seat of Gmina Wolin. It is situated on the southern tip of Wolin island off the Baltic coast of the historic region of Western Pomerania. The island lies at the edge of the strait of Dziwna.

The town, now a fishing port and gateway to the island's bathing resorts, has a population of approximately 4,900. Dating from the 9th century, it has been associated with the semi-legendary settlements of Jomsburg, Jumne, Julin and Vineta. It played an important role in the conversion of Pomerania and in 1140 became the first see of the Pomeranian diocese. Several ruins from the Slavic period occupy the area. The early medieval town fell victim to the late 12th century Danish raids, and was refounded in 1260.

Jomsborg
Jomsborg or Jómsborg was a semi-legendary Viking stronghold at the southern coast of the Baltic Sea (medieval Wendland, modern Pomerania), that existed between the 960s and 1043. Its inhabitants were known as Jomsvikings. Jomsborg's exact location, or its existence, has not yet been established, though it is often maintained that Jomsborg was located on the eastern outlet of the Oder river. Historian Lauritz Weibull dismissed Jomsborg as a legend.

The only source that mentions a precise location of Jomsborg (53°51′50″N 14°43′05″E﻿ / ﻿53.86389°N 14.71806°E﻿ / 53.86389; 14.71806) is the controversial Gesta Wulinensis ecclesiae pontificum that was discovered in the autumn of 2019.
Danggali Conservation Park
Danggali Conservation Park is a protected area located about 65 kilometres (40 miles) north of Renmark in South Australia. The conservation park was proclaimed under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 in 1976.  In 2009, a portion of the conservation park was excised to create the Danggali Wilderness Protection Area. The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category Ia protected area.

Protected areas of South Australia
Protected areas of South Australia, consisting of protected areas located within South Australia and its immediate onshore waters and which are managed by South Australian Government agencies. As of 2018, South Australia contained 359 separate protected areas declared under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972, the Crown Land Management Act 2009 and the Wilderness Protection Act 1992. Together, they cover a total land area of 211,387.48 km2 (81,617.16 sq mi) or 21.5% of the state's area.
Nonlinear resonance
In physics, nonlinear resonance is the occurrence of resonance in a nonlinear system. In nonlinear resonance the system behaviour – resonance frequencies and modes – depends on the amplitude of the oscillations, while for linear systems this is independent of amplitude. The mixing of modes in non-linear systems is termed resonant interaction.

Resonant interaction
In nonlinear systems a resonant interaction is the interaction of three or more waves, usually but not always of small amplitude. Resonant interactions occur when a simple set of criteria coupling wave vectors and the dispersion equation are met. The simplicity of the criteria make technique popular in multiple fields. Its most prominent and well-developed forms appear in the study of gravity waves, but also finds numerous applications from astrophysics and biology to engineering and medicine. Theoretical work on partial differential equations provides insights into chaos theory; there are curious links to number theory. Resonant interactions allow waves to (elastically) scatter, diffuse or to become unstable. Diffusion processes are responsible for the eventual thermalization of most nonlinear systems; instabilities offer insight into high-dimensional chaos and turbulence.
Carbachol
Carbachol, also known as carbamylcholine and sold under the brand name Miostat among others, is a cholinomimetic drug that binds and activates acetylcholine receptors. Thus it is classified as a cholinergic agonist. It is primarily used for various ophthalmic purposes, such as for treating glaucoma, or for use during ophthalmic surgery. It is generally administered as an ophthalmic solution (i.e., eye drops).

Carbachol produces effects comparable to those of sarin if a massive overdose is administered (as may occur following industrial and shipping accidents) and therefore it is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities.

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Parasympathomimetic drug
A parasympathomimetic drug, sometimes called a cholinomimetic drug or cholinergic receptor stimulating agent, is a substance that stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS). These chemicals are also called cholinergic drugs because acetylcholine (ACh) is the neurotransmitter used by the PSNS. Chemicals in this family can act either directly by stimulating the nicotinic or muscarinic receptors (thus mimicking acetylcholine), or indirectly by inhibiting cholinesterase, promoting acetylcholine release, or other mechanisms. Common uses of parasympathomimetics include glaucoma, Sjögren syndrome and underactive bladder.

Some chemical weapons such as sarin or VX, non-lethal riot control agents such as tear gas, and insecticides such as diazinon fall into this category.
Kanyawee Songmuang
Kanyawee Songmuang (Thai: กัญญาวีร์ สองเมือง, RTGS: Kanyawi Songmueang, IPA: [kan.jaː.wiː sɔ̌ːŋ.mɯa̯ŋ]; born 21 July 1996), nicknamed Thanaerng (Thai: ต้าเหนิง; RTGS: Ta-noeng; IPA: [tâː.nɤ̌ːŋ]), is a Thai actress and model. She is best known for her lead roles in the television drama Hormones 3 (2015) and Senior Secret Love: My Lil Boy (2016).

Senior Secret Love
Senior Secret Love (Thai: รุ่นพี่ Secret Love; Roon Pee Secret Love) is a 2016–2017 Thai television series each presented through one of the three segments entitled My Lil Boy, Puppy Honey and Bake Me Love.

Directed by Weerachit Thongjila and produced by GMMTV together with Housestories 8, the premiere segment My Lil Boy was broadcast on 7 February 2016 to 13 March 2016 and followed by Puppy Honey (20 March 2016 to 24 April 2016), both airing on Sundays on One31 at 14:00 ICT and 15:00 ICT, respectively. Bake Me Love (1 May 2016 to 5 June 2016) meanwhile aired on Sundays on One31 and LINE TV at 15:00 ICT and 17:00 ICT, respectively.

The series was renewed for a second season starting with My Lil Boy 2 which was broadcast on 11 December 2016 to 29 January 2017 and followed by Puppy Honey 2 (18 March 2017 to 6 May 2017). Both segments were also aired on Sundays on One31 and LINE TV.
Palm Springs, California
Palm Springs (Cahuilla: Séc-he) is a desert resort city in Riverside County, California, United States, within the Colorado Desert's Coachella Valley. The city covers approximately 94 square miles (240 km2), making it the largest city in Riverside County by land area. With multiple plots in checkerboard pattern, more than 10% of the city is part of the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians reservation land and is the administrative capital of the most populated reservation in California.

The population of Palm Springs was 44,575 as of the 2020 census, but because Palm Springs is a retirement location and a winter snowbird destination, the city's population triples between November and March. The majority of the snowbirds are Canadians.

The city is noted for its mid-century modern architecture, design elements, arts and cultural scene, and recreational activities.

Palm Desert, California
Palm Desert is a city in the Coachella Valley region of Riverside County, California. The city is located in the Colorado Desert arm of the Sonoran Desert, about 14 miles (23 km) east of Palm Springs, 121 miles (195 km) northeast of San Diego and 122 miles (196 km) east of Los Angeles. The population was 51,163 at the 2020 census, and the city has been one of the state's fastest-growing since 1980, when its population was 11,801.
Jolene Unsoeld
Jolene Bishoprick Unsoeld (December 3, 1931 – November 28, 2021) was an American politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1989 to 1995. A Democrat, Unsoeld represented Washington's 3rd congressional district in Congress, where she developed a reputation as a supporter of environmentalist and feminist causes.

Washington's 3rd congressional district
Washington's 3rd congressional district encompasses the southernmost portion of Western Washington. It includes the counties of Lewis, Pacific, Wahkiakum, Cowlitz, Clark, and Skamania; as well as a small portion of southern Thurston county.

The district is represented by Democrat Marie Gluesenkamp Perez.

The district was one of 13 congressional districts that voted for Donald Trump in the 2024 presidential election while simultaneously electing a Democrat in the 2024 House of Representatives elections.
Southerndown
Southerndown is a village in the Vale of Glamorgan, in south Wales. It is southwest of Bridgend, and within the St Brides Major community, close to Llantwit Major and Ogmore-by-Sea. It is mostly known for its beach which backs Dunraven Bay (Welsh: Bae Dwnrhefn), which is a popular tourist destination during the summer months and since 1972 has been part of a Heritage Coast and is part of the Southerndown Coast SSSI.  When the tide is out there is an expanse of sand and pools. The cliffs are an obvious example of sedimentary rock.

Ogmore-by-Sea
Ogmore-by-Sea (Welsh: Aberogwr, meaning "Mouth of the River Ogmore") is a seaside village in St Brides Major community in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales.   It lies on the western limit of the Glamorgan Heritage Coast of south Wales. The population in 2011 was 878.
Thomas L. Magnanti
Thomas Lee Magnanti (born 1945) is an American engineer and Institute Professor and former Dean of the School of Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Magnanti served as the founding president of the Singapore University of Technology and Design from 2009 to 2017.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Engineering
The MIT School of Engineering (SoE) is one of the five schools of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. It was established in 1932 as part of the reorganization of the Institute recommended by President Karl Taylor Compton. SoE has eight academic departments and two interdisciplinary institutes. The School grants SB, MEng, SM, engineer's degrees, and PhD or ScD degrees. As of 2017, the Dean of Engineering is Professor Anantha Chandrakasan. The school is the largest at MIT as measured by undergraduate and graduate enrollments and faculty members.
Manila Esposito
Manila Esposito (born 2 November 2006) is an Italian artistic gymnast.  She was a member of the silver medal winning team at the 2024 Olympic Games where she also won a bronze medal on the balance beam. She is a two-time European all-around champion (2024, 2025) as well as the 2024 European balance beam and floor exercise champion.

Elisa Iorio
Elisa Iorio (born 21 March 2003) is an Italian artistic gymnast. She was a member of the historic teams that won silver at the 2024 Olympic Games and bronze at the 2019 World Championships. Additionally she was part of the gold medal winning team at the 2024 European Championships, where she also won silver on the uneven bars.
Ángel Faretta
Ángel Faretta (Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1953) is an Argentine writer, film and art scholar, poet, poetry translator, and narrator. Since 1977, he has published essays and analytical and critical articles on art, literature, and cinema in different media. His followers considerer him one of the insightful, influential, and consummate theoreticians of cinema in Argentina. Film critic and screenwriter Fernando Regueira wrote, "Faretta is the only thinker with his own theory of cinema--and a general aesthetics--in our country and, perhaps, in the whole Spanish-speaking world".

Fernando Regueira
Fernando Regueira (Quilmes, Buenos Aires, 1972) is an Argentine film writer. He wrote scripts for cinema, television and short films. He studied film theory and criticism at  "Aquilea" school with Angel Faretta. He also studied philosophy, music and history. He wrote the first season of the series "Mosca & Smith in Once". He also wrote scripts for Juan Carlos Desanzo, Norberto Lopez Amado, Patagonik Film Group and DeAPlaneta Spain. He has won several awards for his scripts.
California State Route 263
State Route 263 (SR 263) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California in Siskiyou County, running parallel to Interstate 5 to the west. Route 263 connects State Route 3 near the north city limits of Yreka to State Route 96 eight miles (13 km) north. Although SR 263 was once part of U.S. Route 99, it is not signed as part Business Loop 5.

Yreka, California
Yreka (/waɪˈriːkə/ wy-REE-kə) is a city in and the county seat of Siskiyou County, California, United States, near the Shasta River; the city has an area of about 10 square miles (26 km2), most of it land. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,807 reflecting an increase from 7,765 counted in the 2010 census. Yreka is home to the College of the Siskiyous, Klamath National Forest Interpretive Museum and the Siskiyou County Museum.
Hypsiprymnodontidae
The Hypsiprymnodontidae /ˌhɪpsɪˌprɪmnoʊdɒnˈtaɪdiː/ are a family of macropods, one of two families containing animals commonly referred to as rat-kangaroos. The single known extant genus and species in this family, the musky rat-kangaroo, Hypsiprymnodon moschatus, occurs in northern Australia. During the Pleistocene, this family included the megafauna genus Propleopus.

Musky rat-kangaroo
The musky rat-kangaroo (Hypsiprymnodon moschatus) is a small marsupial found only in the rainforests of northeastern Australia. First described in the later 19th century, the only other species are known from fossil specimens. They are similar in appearance to potoroos and bettongs, but are not as closely related. Their omnivorous diet is known to include materials such as fruit and fungi, as well as small animals such as insects and other invertebrates.
Gordon Peterson
Gordon Peterson (born 1938) is an American broadcast journalist and television news anchor.  He was most recently the 6 p.m. co-anchor for ABC affiliate WJLA-TV and from 1988 to 2013 was also moderator and producer of Inside Washington, a political roundtable discussion about current political events in Washington.  He has won multiple Emmy Awards during his broadcast career.

WJLA-TV
WJLA-TV (channel 7) is a television station in Washington, D.C., affiliated with ABC. It is one of two flagship stations of Sinclair Broadcast Group (alongside dual Fox/MyNetworkTV affiliate WBFF [channel 45] in Baltimore), and is also sister to Woodstock, Virginia–licensed low-powered, Class A Roar station WDCO-CD (channel 10) and local cable channel WJLA 24/7 News. WJLA-TV's studios are located on Wilson Boulevard in the Rosslyn section of Arlington, Virginia, and its transmitter is located in the Tenleytown neighborhood of northwest Washington.
Iriki, Kagoshima
Iriki (入来町, Iriki-chō) was a town located in Satsuma District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 6,250 and the density of 86.35 persons per km2. The total area was 72.38 km2.

On October 12, 2004, Iriki, along with the city of Sendai, the towns of Hiwaki, Kedōin and Tōgō, and the villages of Kamikoshiki, Kashima, Sato and Shimokoshiki (all from Satsuma District), was merged to create the city of Satsumasendai.

Satsumasendai, Kagoshima
Satsumasendai (薩摩川内市, Satsumasendai-shi) is a city located in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 July 2024, the city had an estimated population of 90,918 in 46610 households, and a  population density of 130 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 682.92 km2 (263.68 sq mi).
Riffelalp tram
The Riffelalp tram (German: Riffelalptram, RiT) is a high altitude tramway line located in the Swiss canton of Valais near the resort of Zermatt. The line links the Riffelalp Resort to Riffelalp station, on the Gornergrat railway, and via that line to Zermatt and beyond.

The Riffelalp tram is the highest tram line in Europe.

Riffelalp railway station
Riffelalp is a railway station on the Gornergrat railway, a rack railway which links the resort of Zermatt with the summit of the Gornergrat. The station is situated west of the Gornergrat, in the Swiss municipality of Zermatt and canton of Valais, at an altitude of 2,211 m (7,254 ft) above mean sea level.

The station is linked to the five-star Riffelalp Resort by the 625 metres (2,051 ft) long Riffelalp tram, making Riffelalp the highest location in Europe where two distinct railways meet.