hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luc Montagnier
Luc Montagnier (US: /ˌmɒntənˈjeɪ, ˌmoʊntɑːnˈjeɪ/ MON-tən-YAY, MOHN-tahn-YAY, French: [lyk mɔ̃taɲe]; 18 August 1932 – 8 February 2022) was a French virologist and joint recipient, with Françoise Barré-Sinoussi and Harald zur Hausen, of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). He worked as a researcher at the Pasteur Institute in Paris and as a full-time professor at Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China.

In 2017, Montagnier was criticised by other academics for using his Nobel prize status to "spread dangerous health messages outside of his field of knowledge". During the COVID-19 pandemic, Montagnier promoted the lab-leak theory that SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus, was deliberately created and escaped from a laboratory. Such a claim has been rejected by other virologists.

Harald zur Hausen
Harald zur Hausen NAS EASA APS (German pronunciation: [ˈhaʁalt tsuːɐ̯ ˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ; 11 March 1936 – 29 May 2023) was a German virologist. He carried out research on cervical cancer and discovered the role of papilloma viruses in cervical cancer, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2008. He was chairman of the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) in Heidelberg.
Yim Si-wan
Yim Si-wan (Korean: 임시완; born Im Woong-jae, December 1, 1988)  is a South Korean singer and actor. He debuted as a member of the South Korean boy group ZE:A and its sub-group ZE:A Five. As an actor, he is known for starring in the film The Attorney (2013) as well as the television series Misaeng: Incomplete Life (2014) and Run On (2020). He gained international recognition for his role in the second and third seasons of Squid Game (2024–2025).

ZE:A
ZE:A (Hangul: 제국의 아이들), also known as Children of Empire, is a South Korean boy band formed by Star Empire Entertainment in 2010. The group is composed of nine members: Kevin, Hwang Kwang-hee, Yim Si-wan, Moon Joon-young, Kim Tae-heon, Jung Hee-chul, Ha Min-woo, Kim Dong-jun and Park Hyung-sik. The group released their debut single album Nativity with lead single "Mazeltov" on January 7, 2010, alongside their showcase performance five days later. The group debuted on KBS' Music Bank on January 15, 2010.
Ballistic Missile Early Warning System
The RCA 474L Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS, 474L System, Project 474L) was a United States Air Force Cold War early warning radar, computer, and communications system, for ballistic missile detection. The network of twelve radars, which was constructed beginning in 1958 and became operational in 1961, was built to detect a mass ballistic missile attack launched on northern approaches [for] 15 to 25 minutes' warning time also provided Project Space Track satellite data (e.g., about one-quarter of SPADATS observations).

It was replaced by the Solid State Phased Array Radar System in 2001.

Solid State Phased Array Radar System
The Solid State Phased Array Radar System (SSPARS), colloquially Ballistic Missile Early Warning System radar network (BMEWS radar network), is a United States Space Force radar, computer, and communications system for missile warning and space surveillance. There are SSPARS systems at five sites: Beale Air Force Base, CA, Cape Cod Space Force Station, MA, Clear Space Force Station, AK, RAF Fylingdales, UK, and Pituffik Space Base, Greenland. The system completed replacement of the RCA 474L Ballistic Missile Early Warning System when the last SSPAR became operational at then-Clear Air Force Station in 2001.
Clarinet sonata
A clarinet sonata is piece of music in sonata form for clarinet, often with piano accompaniment.

The Two Clarinet Sonatas by Brahms are of special significance in the development of the clarinet repertoire. Several important transcriptions are also possible, including sonatas by Mozart, Schubert, Reinecke, Copland, and Prokofiev.

Clarinet Sonatas (Brahms)
The Clarinet Sonatas, Op. 120, Nos. 1 and 2, are a pair of works written for clarinet and piano by the Romantic composer Johannes Brahms. They were written in 1894 and are dedicated to the clarinetist Richard Mühlfeld.

The sonatas stem from a period late in Brahms's life where he discovered the beauty of the sound and tonal colour of the clarinet. The form of the clarinet sonata was largely undeveloped when Brahms wrote his, after which the combination of clarinet and piano was more readily used in composers’ new works. These were the last chamber pieces Brahms wrote before his death and are considered two of the great masterpieces in the clarinet repertoire. Brahms also produced a frequently performed transcription of these works for viola with alterations to better suit the instrument.
WNBA Social Justice Council
The Women's National Basketball Association/Women's National Basketball Players Association Social Justice Council is an activist committee jointly run by the WNBA and the players union which addresses systemic racism, LGBTQ+ rights, and other issues affecting women in the United States. It was formed in July 2020 after criticism of and pushback against the organizations' support of the Black Lives Matter movement.

Women's National Basketball Players Association
The Women's National Basketball Players Association (WNBPA) is the players' union for the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). It formed in 1998 and was the first trade union for female professional athletes.
Károly Leiningen-Westerburg
Károly Leiningen-Westerburg (German: Karl August, Graf zu Leiningen-Westerburg; 11 April 1819, Ilbenstadt (today part of Niddatal, Germany) – 6 October 1849, Arad) was a German honvéd general in the Hungarian Army, and a member of the German House of Leiningen. He was executed for his part in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, and is considered one of the 13 Martyrs of Arad.

Leiningen family
The House of Leiningen is the name of an old German noble family whose lands lay principally in Alsace, Lorraine, Saarland, Rhineland, and the Palatinate. Various branches of this family developed over the centuries and ruled counties with Imperial immediacy.
Louisa Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire
Louisa Frederica Augusta Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire, formerly Louisa Montagu, Duchess of Manchester (born Countess Luise Friederike Auguste von Alten; 15 June 1832 – 15 July 1911), was a German-born British aristocrat sometimes referred to as the "Double Duchess" due to her marriages, firstly to the 7th Duke of Manchester and then to the 8th Duke of Devonshire.

William Montagu, 7th Duke of Manchester
William Drogo Montagu, 7th Duke of Manchester KP (15 October 1823 – 22 March 1890), known as Lord Kimbolton from 1823 to 1843 and as Viscount Mandeville from 1843 to 1855, was a British peer and Conservative Member of Parliament.
Tribrachidium
Tribrachidium is a tri-radially symmetric fossil animal that lived in the late Ediacaran (Vendian) seas. In life, it was hemispherical in form. T. heraldicum is the best known member of the extinct group Trilobozoa.

Trilobozoa
Trilobozoa, from Ancient Greek τρεῖς (treîs), meaning "three", λοβός (lobós), meaning "lobe", and ζῷον (zôion), meaning "animal", is a phylum of extinct, sessile animals that were originally classified into the Cnidaria. The basic body plan of trilobozoans is often a triradial or radial sphere-shaped form with lobes radiating from its centre.
Fossils of trilobozoans are restricted to marine strata of the Late Ediacaran period.
Clibanornis
Clibanornis is a genus of birds in the family Furnariidae. Formerly, it contained only the Canebrake groundcreeper but phylogenetic studies revealed that this species is closely related to other four species formerly placed in Automolus (Ruddy foliage-gleaner and Santa Marta foliage-gleaner) and Hyloctistes (Henna-hooded foliage-gleaner and Henna-capped foliage-gleaner).

Ruddy foliage-gleaner
The ruddy foliage-gleaner (Clibanornis rubiginosus) is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. Its range is highly disjunct, with populations in Mexico, several Central American countries, and in every mainland South American country except Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
I Love the '70s (American TV series)
I Love the '70s is a 1970s nostalgia television miniseries and the second installment of the I Love... series produced by VH1. The series is based on a BBC series of the same name. It examines the pop culture of the 1970s, using footage from the era, along with "Where Are They Now?" interviews with celebrities from the decade. Additionally, the show features comedians poking fun at the kitschiness of what was popular. The first episode of the series, I Love 1970, premiered on August 18, and concluded with the final episode of the series, I Love 1979, on August 22, 2003. A sequel, I Love the '70s: Volume 2, appeared in the United States on VH1 beginning on July 10, 2006.

I Love...
I Love... is a British and American television and compilation album brand by the BBC and VH1, which looks back at a specific year in each episode. The programmes consist of celebrities and public figures discussing, reminiscing and commenting on the pop culture of the time i.e. films, fads, fashion, television, music, etc. that relate to the program's overall topic.
Bland County, Virginia
Bland County is a county located in the southwestern portion of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The county seat is the unincorporated area of Bland. At the 2020 census, the population was 6,270.

Bland County was created in 1861 from parts of Wythe, Tazewell, and Giles counties in Virginia. The new county was named in honor of Richard Bland, a Virginia statesman who served in the House of Burgesses and the Continental Congress.

As of the 2020 census, the county population was 6,270, making it the 4th least populated county in Virginia.

Giles County, Virginia
Giles County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia on the West Virginia state line. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,787. Its county seat is Pearisburg.

Giles County is included in the Blacksburg–Christiansburg metropolitan area.

Giles County is the location of Mountain Lake, one of only two natural fresh water lakes in Virginia. The lake drains into Little Stony Creek, which passes over a waterfall known as The Cascades before reaching the New River.
Glaisher–Kinkelin constant
In mathematics, the Glaisher–Kinkelin constant or Glaisher's constant, typically denoted A, is a mathematical constant, related to special functions like the K-function and the Barnes G-function. The constant also appears in a number of sums and integrals, especially those involving the gamma function and the Riemann zeta function. It is named after mathematicians James Whitbread Lee Glaisher and Hermann Kinkelin.

Its approximate value is:

A = 1.28242712910062263687...   (sequence A074962 in the OEIS).

Glaisher's constant plays a role both in mathematics and in physics. It appears when giving a closed form expression for Porter's constant, when estimating the efficiency of the Euclidean algorithm. It also is connected to solutions of Painlevé differential equations and the Gaudin model.

James Whitbread Lee Glaisher
James Whitbread Lee Glaisher (5 November 1848, in Lewisham — 7 December 1928, in Cambridge) was a prominent English mathematician and astronomer.  He is known for Glaisher's theorem, an important result in the field of integer partitions, and 
for the Glaisher–Kinkelin constant, a number important in both mathematics and physics.

He was a passionate collector of English ceramics and valentines, much of which he bequeathed to the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge.
Woburn Square
51°31′23″N 0°7′45″W﻿ / ﻿51.52306°N 0.12917°W﻿ / 51.52306; -0.12917

Woburn Square is the smallest of the Bloomsbury squares and owned by the University of London. Designed by Thomas Cubitt and built between 1829 and 1847, it is named after Woburn Abbey, the main country seat of the Dukes of Bedford, who developed much of Bloomsbury.

The original construction was of 41 houses, smaller than those of adjoining Gordon Square and hence with lower rents. The square was built on the boundary between the parishes of St. Pancras and Holborn and the boundary marker stones are still visible in the gardens. The two squares were built to improve land that was originally marshland.

This narrow square was longer, extending down towards Russell Square, before the southern half and Christ Church (Lewis Vulliamy, 1833) were demolished in the 1970s to make space for new buildings for the School of Oriental and African Studies and the Institute of Education.

Russell Square
Russell Square is a large garden square in Bloomsbury, in the London Borough of Camden, built predominantly by the firm of James Burton. It is near the University of London's main buildings and the British Museum. Almost exactly square, to the north is Woburn Place and to the south-east is Southampton Row. Russell Square tube station sits to the north-east.

It is named after the surname of the Earls and Dukes of Bedford; the freehold remains with the latter's conservation trusts who have agreed public access and management by Camden Council. The gardens are in the mainstream, initial category (of Grade II listing) on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.
Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.

Sentence (linguistics)
In linguistics and grammar, a sentence is a linguistic expression, such as the English example "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" (a pangram). In traditional grammar, it is typically defined as a string of words that expresses a thought, or as a unit consisting of a subject and predicate. In non-functional linguistics it is typically defined as a maximal unit of syntactic structure such as a constituent. In functional linguistics, it is defined as a unit of written texts delimited by graphological features such as upper-case letters and markers such as periods, question marks, and exclamation marks. This notion contrasts with a curve, which is delimited by phonologic features such as pitch and loudness and markers such as pauses; and with a clause, which is a sequence of words that represents some process going on throughout time.
A sentence can include words grouped meaningfully to express a statement, question, exclamation, request, command, or suggestion.
Column of Leo
The Column of Leo was a 5th-century AD Roman honorific column in Constantinople. Built for Leo I, Augustus of the East from 7 February 457 to 18 January 474, the column stood in the Forum of Leo, known also as the Pittakia. It was a marble column, without flutes, composed of drums with a Corinthian capital, surmounted by a statue of the emperor.

The column no longer exists, but fragments belonging to it were discovered in the mid-20th century in the grounds of the Topkapı Palace, including the capital and the impost block atop it, a complete column drum and some parts of a second, and the statue's pedestal, which was originally separated from the impost by a missing plinth. The remains are visible in the second courtyard of the Topkapı complex. The column's own socle, pedestal, and base are lost. The statue too may be lost, or it may be the bronze statue now known as the Colossus of Barletta in Italy.

Colossus of Barletta
The Colossus of Barletta is a large bronze statue of a Roman emperor, nearly three times life size (5.11 meters, or about 16 feet 7 inches), in the historic center of Barletta, Italy.
It is a Late Antique statue, but the date, identity of the emperor, and the original location of the statue remain uncertain. Most datings are to the 5th or early 6th centuries, and many think it was made in Constantinople, and perhaps originally placed there. It is the largest Roman or Byzantine bronze statue to have survived essentially intact.
Gheorghe Șincai
Gheorghe Șincai (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈɡe̯orɡe ˈʃiŋkaj]; 13 March [O.S.  28 February] 1754 – November 2, 1816) was a historian, philologist, translator, poet, and representative of the Enlightenment-influenced Transylvanian School.

As the director of Greek Catholic education in Transylvania he brought a fundamental contribution to the process of promoting culture in rural environments. He revised before publishing Samuil Micu's first grammar of the Romanian language: Elementa linguae daco-romanae sive valachicae (The elements of the Daco-Roman or Vlach/Wallachian language) (Vienna, 1780), in which they demonstrated the Latin origins of the Romanian language.

Samuil Micu-Klein
Samuil Micu-Klein (September 1745 – 13 May 1806) was a Romanian Greek-Catholic theologian, historian, philologist and philosopher, a member of the Enlightenment-era movement of Transylvanian School (Şcoala Ardeleană). He is the author of Elementa linguae daco-romanae sive valachicae, a book which is the reference point for the start of Modern Romanian language period.
Verlan
Verlan (pronounced [vɛʁlɑ̃] ⓘ) is a type of argot in the French language, featuring inversion of syllables in a word, and is common in slang and youth language.  It rests on a long French tradition of transposing syllables of individual words to create slang words.: 50  The word verlan itself is an example of verlan (making it an autological word). It is derived from inverting the sounds of the syllables in l'envers ([lɑ̃vɛʁ], "the inverse", frequently used in the sense of "back-to-front"). The first documented use of verlan dates back to the 19th century, among robbers.

Cant (language)
A cant is the jargon or language of a group, often employed to exclude or mislead people outside the group. It may also be called a cryptolect, argot, pseudo-language, anti-language or secret language. Each term differs slightly in meaning; their uses are inconsistent.
Alipašino polje
Alipašino Polje is a large planned residential neighbourhood of western Sarajevo within the municipality of Novi Grad. It is commonly divided into three phases—A, B and C—comprising six local communities (MZ): Alipašino Polje A-I, A-II, B-I, B-II, C-I and C-II. Conceived during the city’s late-socialist westward expansion, the estate combines high-rise towers and mid-rise slab blocks around internal pedestrian courts and local centres along the Ilidža–Baščaršija corridor.

Novi Grad, Sarajevo
Novi Grad (Serbian Cyrillic: Нови Град, pronounced [nôʋiː grâːd]; lit. "New Town") is a municipality of the city of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the westernmost of the four municipalities that make up the city of Sarajevo. The municipality also consists of the villages Bojnik and Rečica.
Magnum Crimen
The Magnum Crimen is a book about clericalism in Croatia from the end of 19th century until the end of the Second World War. The book, whose full title is Magnum crimen – pola vijeka klerikalizma u Hrvatskoj (The Great Crime – a half-century of clericalism in Croatia), was written by a professor and historian at Belgrade University, Viktor Novak (1889–1977).  The book was first published in Zagreb in 1948.

Immediately after the book was published, the Roman Curia placed this book on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum and pronounced anathema against the author.

Viktor Novak
Viktor Novak (4 February 1889 – 1 January 1977) was a Yugoslav Croat historian, professor at the University of Belgrade and full member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SANU), and a corresponding member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts (JAZU).
Chloe Richards
Chloe Richards (also Fraser) is a fictional character from the Australian television soap opera Home and Away, played by Kristy Wright. She debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 28 June 1995. Chloe left in 1999, making a short return stint in 2005 when she died from the resulting injuries of a car crash. Chloe has relationships with Jack Wilson, Curtis Reed, Lachlan Fraser, James Fraser and Jesse McGregor.

Curtis Reed (Home and Away)
Curtis Reed is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Home and Away, played by Shane Ammann. He made his first appearance during the episode broadcast on 16 September 1994. He was introduced alongside his adopted sister, Shannon Reed (Isla Fisher). He departed on 15 April 1997.
Monica MacDonald
Monica MacDonald (born 5 May 1967) is an Australian figure skating coach and former competitor in ice dancing. With Rodney Clarke, she became a four-time Australian national champion (1986–1989) and placed 20th at the 1988 Winter Olympics. She later won three national titles with Duncan Smart (1990–1992).

Rodney Clarke
Rodney Clarke is an Australian former ice dancer. He was a four times Senior Australian Ice Dance champion at the Australian Figure Skating Championships.

With partner Monica MacDonald, Clarke won a junior national title and four consecutive senior national titles, beginning in 1984.  The duo competed at the 1988 Winter Olympic Games, finishing in last place out of twenty couples.
Lake Akdoğan
Lake Akdoğan (Kurdish: Gola/Behra Xamirpêtê, Turkish: Akdoğan Gölü), also called Lake Hamurpert (Armenian: Համուրպետ լիճ, romanized: Hamurpet lič̣), is the name of two neighbouring Crater lakes on the Akdoğan Mountains in Turkey. They are separated by a land strip of about 210 metres (690 ft). They are both high-altitude lakes located in Varto district of Muş Province.

Akdoğan Mountains
Akdoğan Mountains (Kurdish: Çiyayên Xamirpêtê, Turkish: Akdoğan Dağları or Hamurpert Dağları); (Armenian: Համուր, Khamur or Xamurpert); is a mountain range located at the zero point of the Muş and Erzurum border. It extends from the east of Akdoğan lake to Karaçoban district by crossing the border where Varto, Bulanık and Hınıs districts intersect.
Pennsylvania Route 729
Pennsylvania Route 729 (PA 729) is a 22.07-mile-long (35.52 km), north–south state highway located in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania.  The southern terminus is at PA 253/PA 453 in Gulich Township.  The northern terminus is at US 219/PA 879 in Grampain.

Pennsylvania Route 879
Pennsylvania Route 879 (PA 879) is a 43-mile-long (69 km) state highway located in Clearfield and Centre counties in Pennsylvania.  The western terminus is at U.S. Route 219 (US 219) and PA 729 in Grampian.  The eastern terminus is at PA 144 in Snow Shoe Township.
National Girls and Women in Sports Day
The National Girls and Women in Sports Day (NGWSD) is an annual day of observance held during the first week of February to acknowledge the accomplishments of female athletes, recognize the influence of sports participation for women and girls, and honor the progress and advocation for equality for women in sports.

Each year since its inception in 1987, the United States Congress recognizes women's contributions to sports and society on a day during the first week of February. NGWSD is celebrated annually across the United States and features community-based events, notable women athletes, awards, and other activities. The events are organized by members of the National Girls & Women in Sports Day Coalition, including the Women's Sports Foundation, National Women's Law Center, the President's Council on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition, and Girls, Inc.

Women's Sports Foundation
The Women's Sports Foundation (WSF) is a 501(c)(3) educational nonprofit charity focused on female involvement in sports. Founded in 1974 by tennis player Billie Jean King and initially supported by Olympic athletes Donna de Varona and Suzy Chaffee,  its stated mission statement is "To advance the lives of girls and women through sports and physical activity."