hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Inside the Lines (1930 film)
Inside the Lines is a 1930 American pre-Code spy drama film starring Betty Compson, Ralph Forbes, and Mischa Auer. It was directed by Roy Pomeroy (who also was the associate producer) from a screenplay by John Farrow and Ewart Adamson, which in turn was based on the 1915 Broadway play of the same name by Earl Derr Biggers. This version is a remake of the 1918 silent version, also with the same name. This film exists in the public domain because the claimants did not renew the copyright after 28 years.

Inside the Lines (1918 film)
Inside the Lines is a 1918 American silent thriller film directed by David Hartford and starring Lewis Stone, Marguerite Clayton and George Field. It was based on a play by Earl Derr Biggers, later remade as a 1930 sound film of the same title.
Chairachathirat
Chairachathirat (Thai: ไชยราชาธิราช, Jaiyarājādhirāja), or Chai was from 1534 to 1546 the King of Ayutthaya, an ancient kingdom in Thailand. His reign was notable for the increasing presence of Portuguese traders, soldiers, and the introduction of firearms and other modern military technologies to Siam.

Chairachathirat ascended the throne following the short reign of King Ratsadathirat, and ruled during a period of internal consolidation and growing foreign contact. His court maintained relations with the Lan Xang and Lanna kingdoms, while also contending with Burmese incursions from Toungoo Burma. He was succeeded by his young son, Yotfa, under the regency of Sri Sudachan.

Yotfa
Yotfa (Thai: ยอดฟ้า) or Kaeofa (Thai: แก้วฟ้า) was the 14th Ayutthayan king from the Suphannaphum Dynasty (c. 1536 – 10 June 1548)

Yotfa was a son of King Chairachathirat (พระไชยราชาธิราช) and his consort Lady Si Suda Chan (ท้าวศรีสุดาจันทร์). He reigned from 1546 until his murder in 1548.: 37–38
Le Mans Prototype Challenge
The Le Mans Prototype Challenge (shortened to LMP Challenge or LMPC) was a spec sports prototype formula created by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO), organisers of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, and sports car constructor Oreca. The formula is intended as part of a ladder system for young and upcoming drivers into the world of endurance racing while also serving as a value engineered entry for drivers and teams into Le Mans Prototypes due to limitations on manufacturers and suppliers.

Initially launched as an independent racing series known as the Formula Le Mans Cup in 2009, the formula has since been expanded to allow participation in three separate series for 2010. The American Le Mans Series used the title Le Mans Prototype Challenge since its inception. The Le Mans Series used the name Formula Le Mans until 2011. All ACO series adopted the name Le Mans Prototype Challenge in 2012.

European Le Mans Series
The European Le Mans Series (abbreviated as ELMS) is a European sports car racing endurance series inspired by the 24 Hours of Le Mans race organized by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO).  The European Le Mans Series is similar to the former American Le Mans Series (ALMS) based in the United States and Canada that was running with ACO and IMSA between 1999 and 2013.  ELMS team champions and runners-up receive an automatic entry to the following year's 24 Hours of Le Mans.  Originally titled the Le Mans Endurance Series before becoming simply the Le Mans Series in 2006, the series was renamed once more in 2012, reusing a name previously utilized by IMSA in 2001.
Country Acres, Texas
Country Acres is a former census-designated place (CDP) in San Patricio County, Texas, United States. The population was 185 at the 2010 census. Prior to the 2010 census, Country Acres was part of the Falman-County Acres CDP. In 2022, it was annexed by the city of Aransas Pass.

Falman-County Acres, Texas
Falman-County Acres is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Patricio County, Texas, United States. The population was 289 at the 2000 census.

The Falman-County Acres CDP was created for the 2000 census, then deleted in the 2010 census, with parts taken to form Country Acres and Falman CDPs. The area became a part of the City of Aransas Pass.
Sistema Integral del Tren Ligero
The Sistema Integral de Tren Ligero (SITREN) (Spanish for Light Rail Integral System) (formerly PreTren) is the semi-articulated bus service which feeds the Sistema de Tren Eléctrico Urbano in Jalisco, Mexico. It started operations on January 5, 2007. It serves the municipalities of Guadalajara, Zapopan and Tonalá.

Sistema de Tren Eléctrico Urbano
The Sistema de Tren Eléctrico Urbano or SITEUR (lit. 'Urban Electric Train System') is an urban rail transit system serving the Guadalajara metropolitan area, in the municipalities of Guadalajara, Zapopan and Tlaquepaque, in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. It is owned and operated by the state of Jalisco.

Opened in 1989, the system consists of three lines: Line 1, running from north to south with 20 stations; Line 2, running from the city center to the east with 10 stations; and Line 3, running from the north-west to south-east with 18 stations. A fourth line is under construction, which will run from the city center to the south of the metropolitan area.  It is, by far, the most widely used light rail system in North America, with an annual ridership of 168,605,000 passengers in 2024.
Shōhei
Shōhei (正平) was a Japanese era (年號, nengō, lit. year name) of the Southern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Kōkoku and before Kentoku.  This period spanned the years from December 1346 to July 1370.  The Southern Court emperors in Yoshino were Emperor Go-Murakami (後村上天皇, Go-Murakami-tennō) and Emperor Chōkei (長慶天皇, Chōkei-tennō). The emperors in Kyoto were Emperor Kōmyō (光明天皇, Kōmyō-tennō), Emperor Sukō (崇光天皇, Sukō-tennō) and Emperor Go-Kōgon (後光嚴天皇, Go-Kōgon-tennō) in the north.

Emperor Go-Kōgon
Emperor Go-Kōgon (後光厳天皇, Go-Kōgon-tennō; 23 March 1338 – 12 March 1374) was the 4th of the Emperors of Northern Court during the Period of the Northern and Southern Courts. According to pre-Meiji scholars, his reign spanned the years from 1352 through 1371.

This Nanboku-chō "sovereign" was named after his father Emperor Kōgon and go- (後), translates literally as "later;" and thus, he may be called the "Later Emperor Kōgon", or, in some older sources, may be identified as "Emperor Kōgon, the second", or as "Emperor Kōgon II."
Beta Canum Venaticorum
Beta Canum Venaticorum is the second-brightest star in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici. Its name is a Bayer designation; it has the proper name Chara, pronounced /ˈkɛərə/. This is a nearby solar-type star, located 27.6 light-years (8.5 parsecs) distant based on its parallax. The star is faintly visible to the naked eye, at an apparent magnitude of +4.25. Along with the brighter star Cor Caroli, the pair form the "southern dog" in this constellation that represents hunting dogs.

Cor Caroli
Cor Caroli /ˌkɔːr ˈkærəlaɪ/ is a binary star in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici. It is the brightest star in the constellation, lying at the third magnitude. The International Astronomical Union uses the name "Cor Caroli" specifically for the brighter star of the binary. The system has the Bayer designation Alpha Canum Venaticorum or α Canum Venaticorum.
Siege of Enniskillen (1594)
The siege of Enniskillen took place at Enniskillen in Fermanagh, present day Northern Ireland, in 1594 and 1595, during the Nine Years' War. In February 1594, the English had captured Enniskillen Castle from the Irish after a waterborne assault and massacred the defenders after they surrendered. From May 1594, an Irish army under Hugh Maguire and Cormac MacBaron O'Neill besieged the English garrison in the castle, and in August they defeated an English relief force. A second relief force was allowed to resupply the garrison, but the castle remained cut off. Eventually, in May 1595, the English garrison surrendered to the Irish and were then massacred.

Battle of the Ford of the Biscuits
The Battle of the Ford of the Biscuits (Irish: Bel-atha-na-mBriosgadh) took place in Fermanagh, Ireland on 7 August 1594, during the Nine Years' War. A column of almost 650 English troops led by Sir Henry Duke was ambushed and defeated by a Gaelic Irish force under Hugh Maguire and Cormac MacBaron O'Neill at the Arney River. The English column had been sent to relieve and resupply Enniskillen Castle, which had been under siege by the Irish since May. The English suffered at least 56 killed and 69 wounded, and were forced to make a hasty retreat.

The battle gained its name because the supplies of the English, largely hard biscuits, were left scattered and floating in the river. The battle was an early engagement of the Nine Years' War, and exposed the vulnerability of the English to ambushes in the wilder parts of Ulster with its thick woods and bogs.
Kent Island (Queensland)
Kent Island is an island in the Australian state of Queensland located about 80 km North of Dunk Island and east of the Cowley Beach Training area (established 1977) and north of the South Barnard Islands. North west of Kent Island is Jessie Island, Hutchinson Island and Bresnahan Island.

Barnard Island Group National Park
The Barnard Island Group is a protected area in the Cassowary Coast Region, Queensland, Australia.

These are islands with a fascinating geological past, dating back 420 million years.

Six species of terns have been found nesting in the southern Barnard Islands, and twenty-three species of forest birds have a habitat here.
Taxation in ancient Rome
In ancient Rome, there were four primary kinds of taxation: a cattle tax, a land tax, customs, and a tax on the profits of any profession. These taxes were typically collected by local aristocrats. The Roman state would set a fixed amount of money each region needed to provide in taxes, and the local officials would decide who paid the taxes and how much they paid. Once collected the taxes would be used to fund the military, create public works, establish trade networks, stimulate the economy, and to fund the cursus publicum.

Tributum soli
The Tributum soli was a direct ancient Roman tax on agricultural land and possibly the equipment used to cultivate the land. The size of tax was determined based on the size and quality of the land, and the land was assessed using a census. Greek cities during the Roman Empire would appoint magistrates, usually called dekaprotoi. During the Roman Empire the Tributum soli was split into two taxes, the stipendium and the Tributum soli. The difference between the two was that the stipendium was used in senatorial provinces, while the Tributum was used in imperial provinces. In some areas it was a fixed sum paid in currency. It was paid in kind and collected by the publicani in other provinces.
Cyclura cychlura figginsi
Cyclura cychlura figginsi, known by the common name of guana and sometimes called the Exuma Island iguana in the international literature, is a subspecies of the northern rock iguana, C. cychlura, that is found on the Exuma island chain in the Bahamas with an estimated wild population of 1,300 animals in 2004, it has been listed on the IUCN Red List as critically endangered.

Northern Bahamian rock iguana
The northern Bahamian rock iguana (Cyclura cychlura) is a species of lizard of the genus Cyclura that is found on Andros Island and the Exuma islands in the Bahamas. Its status on the IUCN Red List is vulnerable, with a wild population of less than 5,000 animals.
Jeolla Line
The Jeolla Line (Korean: 전라선) is a railway line in North and South Jeolla Provinces in South Korea. The line is served by frequent passenger trains from Seoul (via the Gyeongbu and Honam Lines) to Yeosu.

Honam Line
The Honam Line is a major railway line serving the Honam region (North and South Jeolla Provinces) in South Korea. The line is served by frequent passenger trains from Seoul (via the Gyeongbu Line) to Gwangju and Mokpo.
Yuga cycle
A Yuga Cycle (a.k.a. chatur yuga, maha yuga, etc.) is a cyclic age (epoch) in Hindu cosmology. Each cycle lasts for 4,320,000 years (12,000 divine years) and repeats four yugas (world ages): Krita (Satya) Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, and Kali Yuga.

As a Yuga Cycle progresses through the four yugas, each yuga's length and humanity's general moral and physical state within each yuga decrease by one-fourth. Kali Yuga, which lasts for 432,000 years, is believed to have started in 3102 BCE. Near the end of Kali Yuga, when virtues are at their worst, a cataclysm and a re-establishment of dharma occur to usher in the next cycle's Krita (Satya) Yuga, prophesied to occur by Kalki.

There are 71 Yuga Cycles in a manvantara (age of Manu) and 1,000 Yuga Cycles in a kalpa (day of Brahma).

Yuga
A yuga, in Hinduism, is generally used to indicate an age of time.

In the Rigveda, a yuga refers to generations, a period of time (whether long or short), or a yoke (joining of two things). In the Mahabharata, the words yuga and kalpa (a day of Brahma) are used interchangeably to describe the cycle of creation and destruction.

In post-Vedic texts, the words  "yuga" and "age" commonly denote a catur-yuga (pronounced chatur yuga), a cycle of four world ages—for example, in the Surya Siddhanta and Bhagavad Gita (part of the Mahabharata)—unless expressly limited by the name of one of its minor ages: Krita (Satya) Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, or Kali Yuga.

The term "yuga" can represent the number four. In early Indian astronomy, it referred to a five-year cycle starting with the conjunction of the sun and moon in the autumnal equinox.
St Mary's Church, Acton
St Mary's Church is an active Anglican parish church located in Monk's Lane, Acton, a village to the west of Nantwich, Cheshire, England. Since 1967 it has been designated a Grade I listed building. A church has been present on this site since before the time of the Domesday Survey. The tower is the oldest in Cheshire, although it had to be largely rebuilt after it fell in 1757. One unusual feature of the interior of the church is that the old stone seating around its sides has been retained. In the south aisle are some ancient carved stones dating back to the Norman era. The architectural historian Alec Clifton-Taylor includes the church in his list of 'best' English parish churches. In the churchyard is a tall 17th-century sundial. The church is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Macclesfield and the deanery of Nantwich. Its benefice is united with those of St David, Wettenhall, St Oswald, Worleston, and St Bartholomew, Church Minshull.

St Bartholomew's Church, Church Minshull
St Bartholomew's Church is in the village of Church Minshull, Cheshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Macclesfield, and the deanery of Nantwich.  Its benefice is combined with those of St Mary, Acton, St David, Wettenhall, and St Oswald, Worleston.
Antioch, California
Antioch is the third-most populous city in Contra Costa County, California, United States. The city is located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area along the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. The city's population was 115,291 at the 2020 census. The city has grown substantially more diverse since the 1970s.

Contra Costa County, California
Contra Costa County (/ˌkɒntrə ˈkɒstə/ ⓘ; Contra Costa, Spanish for 'Opposite Coast') is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,165,927. The county seat is Martinez. It occupies the northern portion of the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area and is primarily suburban. The county's name refers to its position on the other side of the bay from San Francisco. Contra Costa County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Lex building
The Lex building is a high-rise of government offices in the European Quarter of Brussels, Belgium. It is an annex building of the European Council and Council of the European Union (their main building is the Europa building) and is located at 145, rue de la Loi/Wetstraat.

Europa building
The Europa building is the seat of the European Council and Council of the European Union, located on the Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat in the European Quarter of Brussels, Belgium. Its defining feature is the multi-storey "lantern-shaped" construct holding the main meeting rooms, a representation of which has been adopted by both the European Council and Council of the EU as their official emblems.

The Europa building is situated on the former site of the partially demolished and renovated Bloc A of the Résidence Palace, a complex of luxurious apartment blocks. Its exterior combines the Art Deco façade of the original 1920s building, which is listed, with the contemporary design of the architect Philippe Samyn. The building is linked via two skyways and a service tunnel to the adjacent Justus Lipsius building, which provides for additional office space, meeting rooms and press facilities.
White-collared manakin
The white-collared manakin (Manacus candei) is a passerine bird in the manakin family. It is a resident breeder in the tropical New World from southeastern Mexico to Costa Rica and the extreme west of Panama. It typically inhabits thickets at the edges of moist forest, tall secondary growth and old cacao plantations. It is a small, plump bird about 11 centimetres (4.3 in) long. Males have a black crown, mid-back band, wings and tail, an olive-green rump and yellow belly. Females and juveniles are olive-green with yellow bellies and resemble female orange-collared manakins. At breeding time, males are involved in lekking behaviour on the forest floor during which they puff out their neck feathers. This is a fairly common species with a wide range, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".

Orange-collared manakin
The orange-collared manakin (Manacus aurantiacus) is a passerine bird in the manakin family. It is an endemic resident breeder in Costa Rica and western Panama, where it is found in forests, secondary growth and plantations. It is a small, plump bird about 10 centimetres (4 in) long. Males have a black crown, mid back, wings and tail and an olive-green rump.  The rest of the head, neck, breast and upper back are orange, and the belly is yellow. Females are olive-green with yellow underparts and resemble female white-collared manakins. At breeding time, males are involved in lekking behaviour on the forest floor. This is a fairly common species with a somewhat restricted range, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".
Fernando Afonso of Portugal
Fernando Afonso of Portugal (1135 – 1 March 1207) was the twelfth Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller, serving between 1202–1206. He was the oldest son of Afonso Henriques, the first king of the Kingdom of Portugal. Fernando would never inherit the crown as he was born out of wedlock. He formally succeeded the interim Grand Master Pierre de Mirmande installed after the death of Geoffroy de Donjon. He resigned in 1206 and was succeeded by Geoffroy le Rat.

Geoffroy le Rat
Geoffroy le Rat (died 1207) was the thirteenth grand master of the Knights Hospitaller, serving between 1206–1207.  He succeeded the Grand Master Fernando Afonso after his resignation in 1206, and was succeeded by Guérin de Montaigu.
Elsa Baquerizo
Elsa María Baquerizo McMillan (born 25 June 1987) is a Spanish beach volleyball player. As of 2012, she plays with Liliana Fernández. The pair participated in the 2012 Summer Olympics tournament and were eliminated in the round of 16 by the Italians Greta Cicolari and Marta Menegatti. They again competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics, losing in the last 16 to the Russian pair of Birlova and Ukolova.

Liliana Fernández
Liliana Fernández Steiner (born 4 January 1987) is a Spanish beach volleyball player. As of 2012, she plays with Elsa Baquerizo. The pair participated in the 2012 Summer Olympics tournament and were eliminated in the round of 16 by the Italians Greta Cicolari and Marta Menegatti.
Andrew Harrison (basketball)
Andrew Michael Harrison (born October 28, 1994) is an American professional basketball player for Mitteldeutscher BC of the Basketball Bundesliga. He was considered one of the top recruits for 2013. He attended Travis High School in Richmond, Texas, and played college basketball for the University of Kentucky along with his twin brother, Aaron Harrison.

Aaron Harrison
Aaron Malik Harrison (born October 28, 1994) is an American professional basketball player for Diablos Rojos del México of the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP). He was considered one of the top high school recruits in 2013 and played college basketball for the University of Kentucky alongside his twin brother Andrew.
Harrison played in both the 2013 Jordan Brand Classic, and the 2013 McDonald's All-American Boys Game.
John Babonić
John Babonić (Croatian: Ivan Babonić, Hungarian: Babonics János; died c. 25 July 1334) was an influential Croatian baron and military leader at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries, who served as Ban of Slavonia from 1316 to 1322, briefly also Ban of Croatia and Dalmatia in 1322.

He was a member of the powerful Babonić family which ruled Lower Slavonia since the 1270s, establishing an oligarchic domain there. As a kinsman of the Counts of Gorizia and Tyrol, he participated in various military campaigns to the Patriarchate of Aquileia. Following the death of his brother in 1316, he was eleveated into Ban of Slavonia, inheriting his province. As a royal baron of Charles I of Hungary, he fought against the Kőszegi family in Upper Slavonia and crushed the power of the Šubić family in Croatia and Dalmatia. He was dismissed as ban in late 1322, and the Babonići gradually lost power and influence in the region thereafter. After 1326, John acquired lands in Hungary.

Stephen IV Babonić
Stephen (IV) Babonić (Croatian: Stjepan IV. Babonić, Hungarian: Babonics (IV.) István; died after March 1316) was a powerful Croatian lord at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries, who was Ban of Slavonia in 1299 and from 1310 until his death. He was a member of the influential Babonić family.

As one of the oligarchs in the kingdoms of Hungary and Croatia during the era of feudal anarchy, he established a domain in Lower Slavonia (areas south of the river Sava) and ruled it de facto independently of the monarch from his stronghold Steničnjak, thus he was also known Stephen of Steničnjak (Croatian: Stjepan od Steničnjaka, Hungarian: Sztenicsnyáki István). At the peak of his power, he was styled as "Duke of Slavonia" (Latin: dux Slavoniae) by foreign sources.
Generalised logistic function
The generalized logistic function or curve is an extension of the logistic or sigmoid functions. Originally developed for growth modelling, it allows for more flexible S-shaped curves. The function is sometimes named Richards's curve after F. J. Richards, who proposed the general form for the family of models in 1959.

Logistic function
A logistic function or logistic curve is a common S-shaped curve (sigmoid curve) with the equation

where

is the carrying capacity, the supremum of the values of the function;

is the logistic growth rate, the steepness of the curve; and

is the  value of the function's midpoint.

The logistic function has domain the real numbers, the limit as  is 0, and the limit as  is .

The exponential function with negated argument () is used to define the standard logistic function where , which has the equation

and is sometimes simply called the sigmoid function. It is also sometimes called the expit, being the inverse function of the logit.

The logistic function finds applications in a range of fields, including biology (especially ecology), biomathematics, chemistry, demography, economics, geoscience, mathematical psychology, probability, sociology, political science, linguistics, statistics, and artificial neural networks. There are various generalizations, depending on the field.