hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
C.D. Águila
Club Deportivo Águila, commonly known as Águila, is a Salvadoran professional football club based in San Miguel. The club currently competes in Primera División, the top tier of El Salvador football league system.

Águila is one of the most successful clubs in El Salvador football history, with seventeen Primera División championships, one Copa Presidente, and one CONCACAF Champions' Cup. Their 1976 CONCACAF Champions' Cup 1976 title made them the second Salvadoran team to win a CONCACAF title.

Since 1956, Águila have played their home games at Estadio Juan Francisco Barraza located in San Miguel.

Aguila is one of the most widely supported football clubs in El Salvador, and has a long standing rivalry with neighbours Dragón, known as the San Miguel derby, and also competes with power club FAS, known as El Clásico (English: The Classic).

Primera División de El Salvador
The Primera División de Fútbol Profesional de El Salvador (First Division of Professional Football of El Salvador), more commonly known as  La Liga Mayor or La Primera, also known as Liga Pepsi for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional football league in El Salvador.

It was established in 1947, and in 2011 had 10 clubs. Initially the league was run as a year-long tournament, but since 1998 there are two tournaments each year, much like in many other football leagues in the Americas.

The Apertura season runs from July to December, while the Clausura season runs from January to May.

Of the 56 teams to have competed in the league, FAS has won the title 19 times,  followed by Alianza (19), Aguila (17), Firpo (11) and Isidro Metapan (10)
Ali Iskandar of Johor
Sultan Ali Iskandar Shah I ibni almarhum Sultan Ahmad Hussein Muazzam Shah I (Malay: سلطان علي اسکندر شاه اول ابن المرحوم سلطان احمد حسين معظم شاه اول) was the 20th Sultan of Johor, who succeeded his father, Sultan Hussein Shah after the latter died of natural causes in 1835. Over the next twenty years, Sultan Ali's claim to being the Sultan of Johor was only recognised by some merchants and a few Malays. Like his father, Sultan Ali was a puppet monarch and played a minimal role in the administrative affairs of the state, which came under the charge of the Temenggong and the British. In 1855, Sultan Ali ceded the sovereignty rights of Johor (except Kesang in Muar) to Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim, in exchange for formal recognition as the "Sultan of Johor" by the British and a monthly allowance. Following the secession of Johor, Sultan Ali was granted administrative charge over Muar until his death in 1877, and in most administrative matters, was often styled as the "Sultan of Muar".

Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim
Temenggong Tun Daeng Ibrahim bin Almarhum Temenggong Tun Daeng Abdul Rahman (8 December 1810 – 31 January 1862) was the Temenggong of Johor from 1841 to 1862. After he and Sultan Ali Iskandar Shah signed the 1855 treaty with the British Government in Singapore, he ruled Johor from 1855 to 1862.
Great Officers of the Crown of France
The Great Officers of the Crown of France (French: Grands officiers de la couronne de France) were the most important officers of state in the French royal court during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration. They were appointed by the King of France, with all but the Keeper of the Seals being appointments for life. These positions were neither transmissible nor hereditary.

During the time of the First French Empire, the equivalent officers were known as the Grand Dignitaries of the French Empire. The Great Officers of the Crown of France should not be confused with the similarly named Great Officers of the Royal Household of France (Grands officiers de la maison du roi de France), which share certain officers, headed by the Grand Master of France.

Grand Master of France
The Grand Master of France (French: Grand Maître de France) was, during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration in France, one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France and head of the "Maison du Roi", the king's royal household. The position is similar to that of Lord Steward in England.
A601(M) motorway
The A601(M) was a motorway in Carnforth, Lancashire, England. It was at the time of its downgrade a 1.3 miles (2.1 km) long dual carriageway, meeting the M6 at Junction 35. It is no longer a motorway but remains open, as part of the B6601 and A6070.

Originally built in 1960 as the northern terminus of the M6 on the A6, the road became a spur to the M6 in 1970 when the mainline of the motorway was extended north. A short single-carriageway extension to the south of Junction 35 was opened in 1987, to connect to the B6254, and the whole road was renumbered the A601(M). This southern extension was reclassified as the B6601 in 2020, and the remainder of the motorway became part of the A6070 in 2023.

A6 road (England)
The A6 is one of the main north–south roads in England. It runs from Luton in Bedfordshire to Carlisle in Cumbria, although it formerly started at a junction with the A1 at Barnet in north London, and is described as running from London to Carlisle.

Running north-west from Luton, the road passes through Bedford, bypasses Rushden, Kettering and Market Harborough, continues through Leicester, Loughborough, Derby and Matlock before passing through the Peak District to Bakewell, Buxton, Stockport, Manchester, Salford, Chorley, Preston, Lancaster, Kendal and Penrith before reaching Carlisle.

South of Derby, the road runs approximately parallel to the M1 motorway; between Manchester and Preston, it is close to the M6 and M61 motorways; and from Preston to its northern terminus in Carlisle, it is close to the M6.
Anthony McCowan
Sir Anthony James Denys McCowan, PC, QC (12 January 1928 – 3 July 2003) was a British barrister and judge of the High Court of Justice and Court of Appeal best known for trying the case of Clive Ponting in 1985. After studying at Epsom College he won a scholarship to study history at Brasenose College, Oxford, where he switched to law, and he was called to the Bar in 1951. After gaining a strong practice in criminal, property and personal injury law he was made a Queen's Counsel in 1972, and was appointed a judge of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court of Justice in 1981. In 1989 he became a judge of the Court of Appeal, but only sat for eight years until ill health forced him to retire in 1997. He died on 3 July 2003.

Epsom College
Epsom College is a co-educational independent school on Epsom Downs, Surrey, England, for pupils aged 11 to 18. It was founded in 1853 as a benevolent institution which provided a boarding school education for sons of poor or deceased members of the medical profession and also accommodation for pensioned doctors. The college soon after foundation opened to pupils from outside the medical profession. Over time the charitable work for medical professionals in hardship moved to a separate charity.  By 1996 the school was fully co-educational and now takes day pupils throughout. The headteacher is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.
Tasado Line
The Tasado Line is a non-electrified standard-gauge secondary line of the Korean State Railway in North P'yŏngan Province, North Korea, running from Ryongch'ŏn on the P'yŏngŭi Line to Tasado Port.

Running through gentle territory, the Tasado Line's ruling grade is 12‰, the minimum curve radius is 250 m (820 ft), and there are five bridges with a total length of 81 m (266 ft).

Ryongchon station
Ryongch'ŏn station is a railway station in Ryongch'ŏn-ŭp, Ryongch'ŏn County, North P'yŏngan Province, North Korea. It is the junction point of the P'yŏngŭi and Tasado lines of the Korean State Railway.
Carl-Michael Eide
Carl-Michael Eide (born 24 July 1974), also known under the stage names Aggressor, Czral and Exhurtum, is a Norwegian black metal multi-instrumentalist, vocalist and songwriter best known for his work with metal bands Ved Buens Ende, Aura Noir and Virus. Eide has played in various black metal and avant-garde metal bands, including Cadaver, Dødheimsgard, Satyricon, Ulver and Infernö, and has been a session drummer for Dimmu Borgir.

Eide's drumming style consists of very little repetition and a tendency to shy away from traditional drumming. In addition to the usual harsh vocals of black metal, Eide uses a form of croon in the avant-garde metal bands Ved Buens Ende and Virus. He lost the use of his feet due to a falling accident in 2005, where he fell from a four-story building and spent several months in hospital, and has not been able to play drums since, but is still active as a vocalist, guitarist and bassist.

Infernö
Infernö is a Norwegian thrash metal band. They formed in 1995, and are currently signed to Duplicate Records.
The band's most known member is Carl-Michael "Aggressor" Eide. He has been a member of Cadaver, Dødheimsgard, Satyricon, Ulver and Ved Buens Ende. He is also a member of Aura Noir and Virus.
Marguerite Boucicaut
Marguerite Boucicaut (née Guérin; born 3 January 1816, Verjux – 8 December 1887, Cannes) was a French businesswoman and benefactor. She participated in the creation and prosperity of the first department store, Au Bon Marché, in Paris alongside her husband Aristide Boucicaut. She became a philanthropist later in life.

Le Bon Marché
Le Bon Marché (lit. "the good market", or "the good deal" in French; [lə bɔ̃ maʁʃe]) is a department store in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France. Founded in 1838 and revamped almost completely by Aristide Boucicaut in 1852, it was one of the first modern department stores. It was a member of the International Association of Department Stores from 1986 to 2011.

Now the property of LVMH, it sells a wide range of high-end goods, including food in an adjacent building at 38, rue de Sèvres, called La Grande Épicerie de Paris.
India–Nepal border
The India–Nepal border is an open international boundary running between the countries of India and Nepal. The 1,751 km (1,088.02 mi) long border includes the Himalayan territories as well as Indo-Gangetic Plain of the subcontinent. The current border was delimited after the Sugauli treaty of 1816 between Nepal and the British Raj. Following Indian independence, the prevailing border was recognised as the international border between the Kingdom of Nepal and the Dominion of India.

Treaty of Sugauli
The Treaty of Sugauli (also spelled Sugowlee, Sagauli and Segqulee), the treaty that established the boundary line of Nepal, was signed on 4 March 1816 between the East India Company and Guru Gajraj Mishra following the Anglo-Nepalese War of 1814–16.
Orinasal mask
An orinasal mask, oro-nasal mask or oral-nasal mask is a breathing mask that covers the mouth and the nose only. It may be a complete independent item, as an oxygen mask, or on some anaesthetic apparatuses, or it may be fitted as a component inside a fullface mask on underwater breathing apparatus, a gas mask or an industrial respirator to reduce the amount of dead space. It may be designed for its lower edge to seal on the front of the lower jaw or to go under the chin.

An orinasal mask may carry a filter for ambient air, or be supplied from a user-carried breathing gas supply or a remote gas supply using a supply hose.
Another application is the resuscitation pocket mask, which is used as an infection barrier between the rescuer and a non-breathing casualty for expired air resuscitation.

Dead space (physiology)
Dead space is the volume of air that is inhaled that does not take part in the gas exchange, because it either remains in the conducting airways or reaches alveoli that are not perfused or poorly perfused. It means that not all the air in each breath is available for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Mammals breathe in and out of their lungs, wasting that part of the inhalation which remains in the conducting airways where no gas exchange can occur.
The Saddest Song
"The Saddest Song" is a song by the Ataris. Described as a ballad, this song was released as the third and final single from their fourth album, So Long, Astoria. It reached #27 on the US Modern Rock Tracks.

This song was written by singer Kris Roe about being away from his daughter, Starla. He also cites his own broken childhood.

The accompanying music video shows the band playing in an abandoned house with a little girl trying to find them.

The Ataris
The Ataris are an American punk rock band from Anderson, Indiana. Formed in 1996, they released five studio albums between 1997 and 2007. Their best-selling album is So Long, Astoria (2003), which was certified gold. Their high-charting single is their cover of Don Henley's "The Boys of Summer" from So Long, Astoria. The only constant member throughout their history has been singer/songwriter/guitarist Kristopher "Kris" Roe.

The staff of Consequence ranked the band at number 37 on their list of "The 100 Best Pop Punk Bands" in 2019. In 2025, Terry Bezer of Screen Rant stated the opinion that the band was underrated, referring to "In This Diary" as "one of the best pop-punk songs ever written."
Cooling load temperature difference calculation method
The cooling load temperature difference (CLTD) calculation method, also called the cooling load factor (CLF) or solar cooling load factor (SCL) method, is a method of estimating the cooling load or heating load of a building. It was introduced in the 1979 ASHRAE handbook.

Cooling load
Cooling load is the rate at which sensible and latent heat must be removed from the space to maintain a constant space dry-bulb air temperature and humidity. Sensible heat into the space causes its air temperature to rise while latent heat is associated with the rise of the moisture content in the space. The building design, internal equipment, occupants, and outdoor weather conditions may affect the cooling load in a building using different heat transfer mechanisms. The SI units are watts.
Agustinus Tri Budi Utomo
Agustinus Tri Budi Utomo (born April 12, 1968) is a clergyman of the Roman Catholic Church in Indonesia. On October 29, 2024, he was named by the Holy See as Bishop of Surabaya to succeed Vincentius Wisaksono after his death in August 2023. Before his appointment as Bishop, he was the Episcopal Vicar of Surabaya.

Diocese of Surabaya
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Surabaya (Indonesian: Keuskupan Surabaya) (Latin: Dioecesis Surabayana) is a suffragan Latin diocese, located on Java island, in Indonesia and administers parishes in the northern and western parts of East Java province.

Its episcopal see is at the Cathedral of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Surabaya.

The diocese is headed by bishop Agustinus Tri Budi Utomo, who the bishop, Mgr. Vincentius Sutikno Wisaksono, preceded.
Yikuang
Yikuang (Manchu: ᡳ ᡴᡠᠸᠠᠩ I-kuwang; 24 March 1838 – 28 January 1917), formally known as Prince Qing (or Prince Ch'ing), was a Manchu noble and politician of the Qing dynasty. He served as the first Prime Minister of the Imperial Cabinet, an office created in May 1911 to replace the Grand Council.

Prince Qing
Prince Qing of the First Rank (Manchu: ᡥᠣᡧᠣᡳᡶᡝᠨᡤᠰᡥᡝᠨᠴᡳᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ; hošoi fengšen cin wang), or simply Prince Qing, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). It was also one of the 12 "iron-cap" princely peerages in the Qing dynasty, which meant that the title could be passed down without being downgraded.

The first bearer of the title was Yonglin (1766–1820), the 17th son of the Qianlong Emperor. He was awarded the title by his 15th brother, the Jiaqing Emperor, who succeeded their father. Between 1820 and 1908, the Prince Qing title was capped at a junwang (prince of the second rank) status, which meant that the next bearer of the title would inherit, at most, the title "Prince Qing of the Second Rank". However, from 1908 onwards, the title was accorded a qinwang (prince of the first rank) status. The title was passed down over four generations and held by five princes – three qinwangs and two junwangs.
Philippine Army
The Philippine Army (PA) (Filipino: Hukbong Katihan ng Pilipinas) is the main, oldest and largest branch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), responsible for ground warfare. As of 2025, it had an estimated strength of 110,000 personnel. The service branch was established on December 21, 1935, as the Army of the Philippines.

The Philippine Army has been engaged in numerous combat operations, including the ongoing Communist rebellion in the Philippines, the Moro conflict and, alongside other national military forces, in conflicts of international scope and on United Nations peacekeeping missions in various parts of the globe.

The Commanding General of the Philippine Army is its professional and overall head. Its main headquarters (Headquarters Philippine Army or HPA) is located at Fort Andres Bonifacio, Taguig City.

Chief of the Army (Philippines)
The Commanding General of the Philippine Army (CGPA) is the overall commander and highest ranking officer commissioned to serve in the Philippine Army. The position concurrently holds the three-star rank of lieutenant general.

The commanding general is appointed by the president of the Philippines and confirmed by the Commission on Appointments. In the military chain of command, the CGPA directly reports to the chief of staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
Minahasan languages
The Minahasan languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken by the Minahasa people in northern Sulawesi, Indonesia. They belong to the Philippine subgroup.

Considerable lexical influence comes from Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, and Ternate, a historical legacy of the presence of foreign powers. The Minahasan languages are distinct from the Manado Malay (Minahasa Malay) language, which is Malayic in origin, and has been displacing the indigenous languages of the area.

Philippine languages
The Philippine languages or Philippinic are a proposed group by R. David Paul Zorc (1986) and Robert Blust (1991; 2005; 2019) that include all the languages of the Philippines and northern Sulawesi, Indonesia—except Sama–Bajaw (languages of the "Sea Gypsies") and the Molbog language (disputed)—and form a subfamily of Austronesian languages. Although the Philippines is near the center of Austronesian expansion from Taiwan, there is relatively little linguistic diversity among the approximately 150 Philippine languages, suggesting that earlier diversity has been erased by the spread of the ancestor of the modern Philippine languages.
Kampfgeschwader 100
Kampfgeschwader 100 (KG 100) was a Luftwaffe medium and heavy bomber wing of World War II and the first military aviation unit to use a precision-guided munition (the Fritz X anti-ship glide bomb) in combat to sink a warship (the Italian battleship Roma) on 9 September 1943.

Fritz X
Fritz X was a German guided anti-ship glide bomb used during World War II. Developed alongside the Henschel Hs 293, Fritz X was one of the first precision guided weapons deployed in combat. Fritz X was a nickname used both by Allied and Luftwaffe personnel. Alternative names include Ruhrstahl SD 1400 X, Kramer X-1, PC 1400X or FX 1400 (the latter, along with the unguided PC 1400 Fritz nickname, is the origin for the name "Fritz X").
Henry W. Palmer
Henry Wilbur Palmer (July 10, 1839 – February 15, 1913) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. Henry Palmer was the father of Bradley Palmer, a Boston lawyer known for his involvement with United Fruit Company, Gillette, and ITT Corporation.

Bradley Palmer
Bradley Webster Palmer (June 28, 1866 – November 9, 1946) was an American attorney and businessman. He was involved with the creation and development of multiple corporations, including the United Fruit Company, Gillette Safety Razor Corp., and International Telephone & Telegraph Corporation. He was also part of the American delegation at the Paris Peace Conference following World War I.

From 1937 to 1944, Palmer donated his extensive land holdings to the state of Massachusetts. These lands today make up the 721-acre (292 ha) Bradley Palmer State Park in Topsfield, Massachusetts.
Marquess of Larios
Marquess of Larios (Spanish: Marqués de Larios) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, granted in 1865 by Isabella II to Martín Larios, senator of the kingdom and one of the most important industrial businessmen in 19th century Spain.

Spanish nobility
The Spanish nobility are people who possess a title of nobility confirmed by the Spanish Ministry of the Presidency, Justice and Relations with the Cortes, as well as those individuals appointed to one of Spain's three highest orders of knighthood: the Order of the Golden Fleece, the Order of Charles III and the Order of Isabella the Catholic. Some members of the Spanish nobility possess various titles that may be inherited or not, but the creation and recognition of titles is legally the prerogative of the monarchy of Spain.

Many Spanish titles and noble families still exist and many have transmitted their aristocratic status since the Middle Ages. Some aristocratic families in Spain use the nobiliary particle de before their family name, although this was more prominent before the 20th century.
Mario Benedetti
Mario Benedetti Farrugia (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmaɾjo βeneˈðeti] ⓘ; 14 September 1920 – 17 May 2009), was a Uruguayan journalist, novelist, and poet and an integral member of the Generación del 45. Despite publishing more than 80 books and being published in twenty languages, he was not well known in the English-speaking world. In the Spanish-speaking world, he is considered one of Latin America's most important writers of the latter half of the 20th century.

Generación del 45
The Generation '45 (Spanish: Generación del 45) was a group of writers, mainly from Uruguay, who had a notable influence in the literary and cultural life of their country and region. Their name derives from the fact that their careers started out mainly between 1945 and 1950.
Atif Dudaković
Atif Dudaković (born 2 December 1953) is a retired Bosniak general who served in the Army of Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. During the Bosnian War, Dudaković was in command of the Bihać enclave, which was surrounded and besieged from 1992 to 1995, commanding the 5th Corps. After the war he became the general commander of the Army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2018, he was charged with war crimes.

Siege of Bihać (1992–1995)
The siege of Bihać was a three-year-long siege of the northwestern Bosnian town of Bihać by the Army of the Republika Srpska, the Army of the Republic of Serbian Krajina and Bosnian Muslim dissenters led by Fikret Abdić during the 1992–95 Bosnian War. The siege lasted for three years, from June 1992 until 4–5 August 1995, when Operation Storm ended it after the Croatian Army (HV) overran the rebel Serbs in Croatia and northwest of the besieged town.

The Research and Documentation Center in Sarajevo established that the communities that were under siege – Bihać, Bosanska Krupa, Cazin and Velika Kladuša – had 4,856 killed or missing persons from 1991 to 1995.
Ohel (Chabad-Lubavitch)
The Ohel (Hebrew: אהל, lit. 'tent') is an ohel (Jewish monumental tomb) in Cambria Heights, Queens, New York City, where Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson and his father-in-law Rabbi Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn, the two most recent rebbes of the Chabad-Lubavitch dynasty, are buried. Both Jews and non-Jews visit The Ohel for prayer, and approximately 50,000 people make an annual pilgrimage there on the anniversary of Schneerson's death.

Cambria Heights, Queens
Cambria Heights is a residential neighborhood in the southeastern portion of the New York City borough of Queens. It is bounded by Springfield Boulevard, Francis Lewis Boulevard, and St. Albans to the west, the Elmont, Nassau County border on the east, Queens Village to the north, and Montefiore Cemetery and Laurelton, Springfield Gardens, and Rosedale to the south. As of 2010, Cambria Heights's population was 18,677. The neighborhood is part of Queens Community Board 13.