hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lines of Torres Vedras
The Lines of Torres Vedras were lines of forts and other military defences built in secrecy to defend Lisbon during the Peninsular War. Named after the nearby town of Torres Vedras, they were ordered by Arthur Wellesley, Viscount Wellington, constructed by Colonel Richard Fletcher and his Portuguese workers between November 1809 and September 1810, and used to stop Marshal Masséna's 1810 offensive. The Lines were declared a National Heritage by the Portuguese Government in March 2019.

Sir Richard Fletcher, 1st Baronet
Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Richard Fletcher, 1st Baronet (1768 – 31 August 1813) was a British Army officer and engineer known for his work on the Lines of Torres Vedras. He fought in the French Revolutionary Wars and Peninsular Wars, and was mentioned in dispatches a number of times, most notably for his actions at Talavera, Busaco, Badajoz and Vitoria. Fletcher was twice wounded in the line of duty before being killed in action at the Siege of San Sebastian.
Jordon Dizon
Jordon Dizon (born January 16, 1986) is an American professional football executive and former linebacker who currently serves as the director of pro personnel for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). Dizon played college football for the Colorado Buffaloes, earning consensus All-American honors in 2007. The Detroit Lions selected him in the second round of the 2008 NFL draft, and he played for the Lions for two seasons before suffering a severe knee injury in 2010, which ended his career. Post-retirement, he has worked as an executive for the Broncos and the Philadelphia Eagles, winning the Super Bowl with both teams.

Colorado Buffaloes football
The Colorado Buffaloes football program represents the University of Colorado Boulder in college football at the NCAA Division I FBS level, and is a member of the Big 12 Conference.

The team was a charter member of the Big 12 before leaving to join the Pac-12 Conference after the 2010 season. After 13 seasons in the Pac-12, the team returned to the Big 12 in 2024. Before joining the Big 12, they were members of the Big Eight Conference.

The team has played at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado since 1924. Their all-time record is 735–556–36 (.577 winning percentage) as of the 2025 season. Colorado won the 1990 National Championship that was shared by Georgia Tech. The team is 27th on the all-time win list and 40th in all-time winning percentage, along with two Heisman Trophy winners, Rashaan Salaam in 1994 and Travis Hunter in 2024.
Painting of the Six Kings
The Painting of the Six Kings is a fresco found on the wall of Qasr Amra, a desert castle of the Umayyad Caliphate located in modern-day Jordan. It depicts six rulers standing in two rows of three. Four of the six have inscriptions in Arabic and Greek identifying them as the Byzantine emperor, King Roderic of Spain, the Sasanian emperor, and the King of Aksum. The painting, now substantially damaged, is thought to be from between 710 and 750, commissioned by the Umayyad caliph or someone in his family. It is one of the most famous frescoes in the Qasr Amra complex.

Desert castles
The desert castles or qasrs are often called Umayyad desert castles, since the vast majority of these fortified palaces or castles were built by the Umayyad dynasty in their province of Bilad ash-Sham, with a few Abbasid exceptions. The desert castles of Jordan represent a prominent part of this group of buildings, with most Umayyad "desert castles" being scattered over the semi-arid regions of north-eastern Jordan, with several more in Syria, Israel and the West Bank (Palestine), just one in Lebanon, and just one Abbasid exception in Iraq.
MS Lady Roz
MS Lady Roz is a ro-ro freight ferry built in 1978. It is a sister ship to Riverdance. She was probably best known for its time at Seatruck Ferries, named Moondance. The vessel was originally built for Emadala Shipping.

Seatruck Ferries
Seatruck Ferries was a UK-based freight-only ferry company which commenced services in 1996. It became a subsidiary of CLdN and was absorbed into the Luxembourg-based parent's overall brand as CLdN RoRo in February 2024. It operated out of four ports on the Irish Sea, including Heysham and Liverpool.
Kansas City–style barbecue
Kansas City–style barbecue is a slowly smoked meat barbecue originating in Kansas City, Missouri in the early 20th century. It has a thick, sweet sauce derived from brown sugar, molasses, and tomatoes. Henry Perry is credited as its originator, as two of the oldest Kansas City–style barbecue restaurants still in operation trace their roots back to Perry's pit.

Kansas City Barbeque Society
Kansas City Barbeque Society is a competitive cooking organization based in Kansas City, Missouri, famous for Kansas City BBQ. It is the largest competitive barbecue organization in the world, with more than 15,000 members. It was founded in 1985 by Carolyn and Gary Wells and Rick Welch.  Their desire was to put together a local group for competitive barbecue.  It has since grown and provides oversight to hundreds of competitions.
Djama Ali Moussa
Djama Ali Moussa Zayli'i (Somali: Jaamac Cali Muuse Saylici, Arabic: جمة علي موسي) was a Somali politician. He was a politician of the former French Somaliland, currently known as Djibouti.

Born in Awdal, he became one of the first Senator and Somali head of state from Djibouti or French Somaliland. His family was from the Mahadcase, Bahabar Celi section of the Gadabuursi clan, part of the wider Dir clan.

French Somaliland
French Somaliland (French: Côte française des Somalis, lit. 'French Coast of the Somalis', CFS; Somali: Xeebta Soomaaliyeed ee Faransiiska; Arabic: ساحل الصوماليين الفرنسي وتوابعه) was a French colony in the Horn of Africa. It existed between 1884 and 1967, at which point it became the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas. The Republic of Djibouti is its legal successor state.
Schur decomposition
In linear algebra, the Schur decomposition or Schur triangulation, named after Issai Schur, is a matrix decomposition. It allows one to write an arbitrary complex square matrix as unitarily similar to an upper triangular matrix whose diagonal elements are the eigenvalues of the original matrix.

Eigendecomposition of a matrix
In linear algebra, eigendecomposition is the factorization of a matrix into a canonical form, whereby the matrix is represented in terms of its eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Only diagonalizable matrices can be factorized in this way. When the matrix being factorized is a normal or real symmetric matrix, the decomposition is called "spectral decomposition", derived from the spectral theorem.
Rassam cylinder
The Rassam cylinder is a cuneiform cylinder, forming a prism with ten faces, written by Neo-Assyrian king Ashurbanipal in 643 BCE. The 7th century BCE cylinder was discovered in the North Palace of Nineveh by Hormuzd Rassam in 1854, hence its name. It is located in the British Museum.

Assyrian conquest of Egypt
The Assyrian conquest of Egypt covered a relatively short period of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 673 to 663 BCE. The conquest of Egypt not only placed a land of great cultural prestige under Assyrian rule but also brought the Neo-Assyrian Empire to its greatest extent.
Gustav Manker
Gustav Manker (March 29, 1913 – July 7, 1988 in Vienna) was an Austrian theatre and TV film director and stage designer. From 1968 to 1979 he was the director of the Volkstheater in Vienna. His TV films include Das Konzert  (1971), Gegen Torheit gibt es kein Mittel (1974) and Das Märchen (1976). His son Paulus is also a reputable film director and actor.

Paulus Manker
Paulus Manker (born 25 January 1958) is an Austrian film director and actor, as well as an author and screenplay writer.

Manker is considered one of the most maverick German-speaking actors, and polarizes public opinion like scarcely no other. He is perceived as a "staggering all-round talent on the Austrian cultural scene."
Wokha Assembly constituency
Wokha is one of the 60 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Nagaland state in India. It is part of Wokha district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. It is also part of Nagaland Lok Sabha constituency.

Wokha district
Wokha district (Pron:/ˈwəʊkə/) is a district of Nagaland state in India. It is the home of the Lotha Nagas. Gastronomically, it known for its variety of fermented bamboo shoots (bastenga). It holds an important place as the roosting site of the migratory Amur Falcon. Geologically, it has known oil deposits.
South African Class 16DA 4-6-2 1930
The South African Railways Class 16DA 4-6-2 of 1930 is a class of steam locomotives.

In 1930, the South African Railways placed six redesigned Class 16DA steam locomotives with a 4-6-2 Pacific type wheel arrangement in passenger train service.

South African Class 16DA 4-6-2 1928
The South African Railways Class 16DA 4-6-2 of 1928 was a steam locomotive.

In 1928, the South African Railways placed six Class 16DA steam locomotives with a 4-6-2 Pacific type wheel arrangement in passenger train service. Eight more entered service in 1929.
Frederick J. Conboy
Frederick Joseph Conboy (January 1, 1883 – March 29, 1949) was a Canadian politician, who served as mayor of Toronto, Ontario from 1941 to 1944. He was also a member of the Orange Order in Canada.

Before entering politics, Conboy was a dental surgeon, served as a professor at the Royal College of Dental Surgeons, secretary of the Ontario Dental Association and editor of the association's journal.

Robert Hood Saunders
Robert Hood Saunders CBE QC (May 30, 1903 – January 16, 1955) was mayor of Toronto from 1945 to 1948, and then president of the Canadian National Exhibition, and chairman of the Ontario Hydro (formally named the Hydro Electric Power Commission of Ontario (HEPCO)). He was also a member of the Orange Order in Canada.
Hull (watercraft)
A hull is the watertight body of a ship, boat, submarine, or flying boat. The hull may open at the top (such as a dinghy), or it may be fully or partially covered with a deck. Atop the deck may be a deckhouse and other superstructures, such as a funnel, derrick, or mast. The line where the hull meets the water surface is called the waterline.

Waterline
The waterline is the line where the hull of a ship meets the surface of the water.

A waterline can also refer to any line on a ship's hull that is parallel to the water's surface when the ship is afloat in a level trimmed position. Hence, waterlines are a class of "ships lines" used to denote the shape of a hull in naval architecture lines plans.

The load line (also known as Plimsoll line) is the waterline which indicates the legal limit to which a ship may be loaded for specific water types and temperatures in order to safely maintain buoyancy.

For vessels with displacement hulls, the hull speed is defined by, among other things, the waterline length. In a sailing boat, the waterline length can change significantly as the boat heels, and can dynamically affect the speed of the boat.
Emily Atack
Emily Jane Atack (born 18 December 1989) is an English actress, comedian and television personality. She played the role of Charlotte Hinchcliffe on the E4 comedy series The Inbetweeners (2008–2010), and appeared in Keith Lemon shows, such as Lemon La Vida Loca (2012), The Keith Lemon Sketch Show (2015), and The Keith & Paddy Picture Show (2017).

Atack appeared on the fifth series of Dancing on Ice in 2010. She was runner-up on the eighteenth series of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! in 2018, and went on to co-present the final series of its spin off show I'm a Celebrity: Extra Camp in 2019. Since 2020, she has starred in her own comedy series The Emily Atack Show.

I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (British TV series) series 18
I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! returned for its eighteenth series on 18 November 2018 on ITV, as confirmed by Ant & Dec at the end of the Coming Out show in December 2017.

On 9 August 2018, Anthony McPartlin confirmed that he would not be presenting the then upcoming eighteenth series. On 29 August, it was confirmed that Holly Willoughby would host the eighteenth series with Declan Donnelly whilst McPartlin took a year long break from television. The series opener was watched by just over 14 million people, giving the show its highest rating since the third series in 2004. The show was watched by an average of 12.18 million people a night, making it the most watched season in the show’s history.

The series ended on 9 December 2018 and was won by Harry Redknapp, who was crowned the next 'King of the Jungle', becoming the show's oldest winner and the first male winner since Carl Fogarty in 2014. Emily Atack finished as the runner-up.
Spain–Turkey relations
The Kingdom of Spain and the Republic of Türkiye maintain diplomatic relations. Spain has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate general in Istanbul. Turkey has an embassy in Madrid and a consulate general in Barcelona.

Turkey and Spain are both members of the Council of Europe, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the World Trade Organization, and the Union for the Mediterranean. Spain is also an EU member and Turkey is an EU candidate. Historically known for their imperial and economic rivalry in centuries past, today the two countries enjoy cordial diplomatic relations. There is a well-established community of Turks in Spain, as well as a sizeable number of Spanish or Hispanophone expatriates in Turkey.

Turks in Spain
Turks in Spain (Turkish: İspanya'daki Türkler), or Spanish Turks, refers to ethnic Turks who have emigrated to Spain as well as the growing Spanish-born community with full or partial Turkish origins. The Turkish Spanish community includes descendants who originate from the Republic of Turkey as well as other post-Ottoman modern nation-states, especially ethnic Turkish communities from the Balkans (e.g. Bulgaria and Romania), and to a lesser extent from the island of Cyprus, and other parts of the Levant.
Tanghetto
Tanghetto is an Argentinian neotango and electronic tango music project created and led by musician and producer Max Masri. The group has won the Latin Grammy for Best Tango Album and two Gardel Awards. In 2025, the Legislature of Buenos Aires declared Tanghetto to be of cultural interest to the city. The band is based in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

The style of Tanghetto is a blend of tango and electronic music and is also influenced by world music and jazz. The main feature of their music, apart from the balance of electronic and ethnic sounds, is the strong presence of melody and song structure.  Tanghetto uses innovation and technology as another musical instrument.

Neotango
Neotango is a distinct genre of tango which goes beyond it both in music and in dance. It is a global movement in which the music includes tracks from all over the world, instrumental and vocal, distinct from the tango in that it includes only modern music recorded in the last 30-40 years, and can be danced using the tango's biomechanics. As a dance form it is still evolving. It is a 'living' globalized tango dance form of the 21st century.
Thomas Newcomen
Thomas Newcomen  (/ˈnjuːkʌmən/; February 1664 – 5 August 1729) was an English inventor, creator of the atmospheric engine in 1712, Baptist preacher by calling and ironmonger by trade.

He was born in Dartmouth, in Devon, England, to a merchant family and baptized at St. Saviour's Church on 28 February 1664. In those days, flooding in coal and tin mines was a major problem. Newcomen was soon engaged in trying to improve ways to pump out the water from such mines. His ironmonger's business specialised in designing, manufacturing and selling tools for the mining industry.

Dartmouth, Devon
Dartmouth (/ˈdɑːrtməθ/) is a town and civil parish in the English county of Devon. It is a tourist destination set on the western bank of the estuary of the River Dart, which is a long narrow tidal ria that runs inland as far as Totnes. It lies within the South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and South Hams district, and had a population of 5,512 in 2001, reducing to 5,064 at the 2011 census. There are two electoral wards in the Dartmouth area (Townstal & Kingswear). Their combined population at the above census was 6,822.
Tereza Mihalíková
Tereza Mihalíková (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈtereza ˈmiɦaliːkɔʋaː]; born 2 June 1998) is a Slovak tennis player. She has a career-high doubles ranking of world No. 24 by the WTA, reached on 9 February 2026.

She has won two doubles titles on the WTA Tour and three WTA Challenger doubles titles, along with eight singles and 19 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Mihalíková was very successful as a junior. As a former junior No. 4, she won the Australian Open in both events. First, in 2015, she won the girls' singles event, after defeating Katie Swan in the final. Her doubles title came a year later, when, alongside Anna Kalinskaya, she defeated Dayana Yastremska and Anastasia Zarycká. She is also three time Grand Slam finalist in doubles: 2014 US Open and Australian Open and Wimbledon in 2015.

While still playing mostly in tournaments of the ITF Circuit in singles, she had her breakthrough in doubles by winning her first career title in 2021 and debuting in the top 100.

2015 Australian Open – Girls' singles
Tereza Mihalíková won the title, defeating Katie Swan in the final, 6–1, 6–4.

Elizaveta Kulichkova was the defending champion, but chose to participate in the women's qualifying competition where she lost to Petra Martić in the second round.
The Scions of Shannara
The Scions of Shannara, first published in 1990, is a fantasy novel by American writer Terry Brooks. It is the first book in the Heritage of Shannara series, taking place three hundred years after the end of the previous Shannara trilogy. The book follows the lives of the Scions of Shannara, Par Ohmsford, Walker Boh, and Wren (Ohmsford).

Shannara
Shannara /ˈʃænərə/ is a series of high fantasy novels written by Terry Brooks, beginning with The Sword of Shannara in 1977 and concluding with The Last Druid which was released in October 2020; there is also a prequel, First King of Shannara. The series blends magic and primitive technology and is set in the Four Lands, which are identified as Earth long after civilization was destroyed in a chemical and nuclear holocaust called the Great Wars. By the time of the prequel First King of Shannara, the world had reverted to a pre-industrial state and magic had re-emerged to supplement science.

In March 2025, Brooks announced his semi-retirement and that Delilah S. Dawson would be taking on the authorship of his Shannara legendarium going forward.
Matt Goulding
Matt Goulding is an American food journalist, book author, and producer based in Barcelona, Spain. He was food editor at Men's Health magazine, where he wrote the column Eat This, Not That, which became a book series . In 2012, he co-founded Roads & Kingdoms with longtime foreign correspondent Nathan Thornburgh. They were joined in 2015 by television host and author Anthony Bourdain, who remained a partner and editor-at-large at Roads & Kingdoms until Bourdain's death in 2018.

Eat This, Not That
Eat This, Not That! is a media franchise owned and operated by co-author David Zinczenko. It bills itself as "The leading authority on food, nutrition, and health." No independent authority has verified that claim.

The original book series was developed from a column from Men's Health magazine written by David Zinczenko and Matt Goulding. The franchise now includes a website, quarterly magazine, videos, e-books and downloadable PDFs.

Eat This, Not That! brands itself as the "No-diet weight loss solution" and provides recommendations regarding food choices with the aim of improving health. Criteria for unhealthy dishes center on its levels of calories, fat, saturated fat, trans fat, sodium, and/or sugar content. The healthier alternatives often include higher levels of fiber and/or protein.

A quarterly magazine, Eat This, Not That!, was launched in 2015 and is distributed by Meredith nationwide.
Shanika Bruce
Shanika Jamila Bruce (born 20 February 1995) is a Barbadian cricketer who plays for the Barbados women's national cricket team in the Women's Super50 Cup and the Twenty20 Blaze tournaments. In April 2019, Bruce was named as one of six reserve players for the West Indies' tour of England and Ireland. In April 2021, Bruce was named in Cricket West Indies' high-performance training camp in Antigua. Bruce is also studying for a degree at the University of the West Indies.

In June 2021, Bruce was named in the West Indies A Team for their series against Pakistan. In July 2022, she was named in the Barbados team for the cricket tournament at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, England. She made her Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) debut on 29 July 2022, for Barbados against Pakistan at the Commonwealth Games.

Barbados women's national cricket team
The Barbados women's national cricket team is the women's representative cricket team of Barbados. They compete in the Women's Super50 Cup and the Women's Twenty20 Blaze. They have won five Super50 Cup titles and three Twenty20 Blaze titles.

In 2022, the team competed at the Commonwealth Games, playing three Twenty20 Internationals.
Bungoma County
Bungoma County is a county in the former Western Province of Kenya with its capital in Bungoma town. It has a population of 1,670,570 of which 812,146 are males and 858,389 are females as per the 2019 census. The county has an area of 2,069 km2. It has nine constituencies, namely: Bumula, Kabuchai, Kanduyi, Kimilili, Mt. Elgon, Sirisia, Tongaren, Webuye East, and Webuye West.

The economy of Bungoma County is mainly agricultural, centering on the sugarcane and maize industries. The area experiences high rainfall throughout the year and is home to several large rivers, which are used for small-scale irrigation.

Webuye East Constituency
Webuye East is a constituency in Kenya. It is one of nine constituencies in Bungoma County. The constituency is located in the eastern region of Bungoma County and comprises three wards: Mihuu, Ndivisi, and Maraka Wards. Webuye East was hived from the original Webuye Constituency together with Webuye West prior to the 2013 General Elections. The constituency is a mainly agricultural area with the majority of residents farming cereals and sugarcane.

The constituency is predominantly inhabited by the Tachoni sub tribe of the Luhya people.
Elizabeth Fry
Elizabeth Fry (née Gurney; 21 May 1780 – 12 October 1845), sometimes referred to as Betsy Fry, was an English prison reformer, social reformer, philanthropist and Quaker. Fry was a major driving force behind new legislation to improve the treatment of prisoners, especially female inmates, and as such has been called the "Angel of Prisons". She was instrumental in the Gaols Act 1823 which mandated sex-segregation of prisons and female warders for female inmates to protect them from sexual exploitation. Fry kept extensive diaries, in which she wrote explicitly of the need to protect female prisoners from rape and sexual abuse.

She was supported in her efforts by Queen Victoria and by Emperors Alexander I and Nicholas I of Russia; she was in correspondence with both Alexander and Nicholas, their wives, and the Empress Mother. In commemoration of her achievements, she was depicted on the Bank of England £5 note that was in circulation from 2002 until May 2017.

Gaols Act 1823
The Gaol Act (4 Geo. 4. c. 64), sometimes called the Gaol Act 1823, the Gaols Act 1823, the Gaols, etc. (England) Act 1823, the Prison Act 1823, or the Prisons Act 1823, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom to reform prisons.

The act mandated sex segregated prisons and female warders for female prisoners across the whole of the then British Empire.