hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Advisory Council (Qing dynasty)
The Advisory Council (Chinese: 資政院), also known as the Government Advisory Council, Political Advisory Council, or Political Advisory Board, was a preparatory body for the parliament established in 1910. It was part of the New Policies in the late Qing dynasty, of which the Qing court was moving toward the implementation of a constitution. In September 1907, the Guangxu Emperor promulgated a decree on the setting up of the Advisory Council, following by the provincial Consultative Bureaus in October.

The Advisory Council was established on 6 November 1906, and formally opened on 10 October 1910, after the first parliamentary election in last October. The council was dissolved on 12 February 1912 along with the end of the Qing dynasty, and was replaced by the Provisional Senate of the Republic of China.

Preparative Constitutionalism
Preparative Constitutionalism or Preparatory Constitutionalism (traditional Chinese: 預備立憲; simplified Chinese: 预备立宪), also known as Preparation of Constitutionalism, refers to attempts by the imperial government of the Qing dynasty of China at implementing top-down constitutional reforms.

The Qing government issued an imperial edict, deciding to imitate the implementation of constitutionalism, but believed that the conditions were not available, so it was necessary to prepare in advance, so it was called "Preparative Constitutionalism".

On September 1, 1906, the Qing court formally declared the Preparative Constitutionalism, thus taking the first step in the history of Chinese constitutionalism and the first step in the reform of the Chinese state system. With the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution in October 1911, the process of Preparative Constitutionalism was interrupted and failed completely with the demise of the Qing dynasty in February 1912.
A. Ross Eckler Jr.
Albert Ross Eckler Jr. (August 29, 1927 – December 9, 2016) was an American logologist, statistician, and author, the son of statistician A. Ross Eckler. He served in the US Army from 1946 – 1947. He received a BA from Swarthmore College with High Honors in 1950 and a PhD in mathematics from Princeton University in 1954.

Logology (linguistics)
Logology (or ludolinguistics) is the field of recreational linguistics, an activity that encompasses a wide variety of  word games and wordplay. The term is analogous to the term "recreational mathematics".
Ariyavongsagatanana (Amborn Ambaro)
Somdet Phra Ariyavongsagatanana (born Amborn Prasatthapong; 26 June 1927), Dharma name Amborn Ambaro, is a Thai Theravada Buddhist monk (bhikkhu) who is the 20th supreme patriarch of Thailand and superior general of the Dhammayuttika Nikaya. In 2008 he was appointed abbot of Wat Ratchabophit in Bangkok. In 2017, he was appointed Supreme Patriarch by King Vajiralongkorn, succeeding Vajirañāṇasaṃvara who died in 2013.

Supreme Patriarch of Thailand
The Supreme Patriarch of Thailand or Sangharaja (Thai: สังฆราช, romanized: Sangkharat, lit. 'King of monks' or 'king of monastic communities') is the head of the order of Buddhist monks in Thailand. His full title is Somdet Phra Saṅgharāja Sakalamahāsaṅghapariṇāyaka (Thai: สมเด็จพระสังฆราช สกลมหาสังฆปริณายก, romanized: Somdet Phra Sangkharat Sakonmahasangkhaparinayok, lit. 'the Supreme Patriarch, the Head of all Members of the Sangha').
Fairbanks-Williams House
The Fairbanks-Williams House is a historic house located at 19 Elm Street in Taunton, Massachusetts. Built in 1852, it is the city's only known residential work by the architect Richard Upjohn, and is a fine example of Italianate architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Richard Upjohn
Richard Upjohn (22 January 1802 – 16 August 1878) was a British-American architect who immigrated to the United States and became most famous for his Gothic Revival churches. He was partially responsible for launching the movement to popularity in the United States. Upjohn also did extensive work in and helped to popularize the Italianate style. He was a founder and the first president of the American Institute of Architects. His son, Richard Michell Upjohn, (1828-1903), was also a well-known architect and served as a partner in his continued architectural firm in New York.
John Verity
John Verity (born 3 July 1949) is an English guitarist and singer. He is best known as a member of Argent, a band formed by Zombies keyboardist Rod Argent.  He joined the band alongside John Grimaldi, replacing Russ Ballard.

Argent (band)
Argent were  a British rock band formed in 1969 by former Zombies keyboardist Rod Argent. They had three UK Top 40 singles: "Hold Your Head Up", which reached No. 5 and spent 12 weeks on the chart, "Tragedy" (No. 34), and "God Gave Rock and Roll to You" (No. 18). Two of their albums charted in the UK: All Together Now, which peaked at No. 13 in 1972, and In Deep, which spent one week at No. 49 in 1973.
Supreme Indoor Football
Supreme Indoor Football (SIF) is an inactive professional indoor football league based in the Southeastern United States.

The SIF was originally the creation of the Cape Fear Heroes ownership. During the league's initial launch in 2015, it was to be part of the Indoor Football Alliance, which would have also included a revived Continental Indoor Football League and begun play in 2016. When the CIFL revival never materialized, and the league had difficulties in finding teams to join the league, the Heroes suspended operations, effectively suspending the league as well. The league launched on its second attempt in April 2017. It played one season before its members joined the newly formed American Arena League. Commissioner Barbara Springer then announced she wanted to turn the SIF into a developmental summer league.

American Arena League
The American Arena League (AAL) is a professional indoor football league that began playing in 2018. The league was initiated by a merger between Arena Pro Football (APF) and the Can-Am Indoor Football League (Can-Am), although the AAL only claimed the APF history after the former Can-Am founder left the league. Teams from both leagues, new teams, and later teams from Supreme Indoor Football and National Arena League constituted the new league for its inaugural season. Since 2023, the league has operated as American Arena League 2 (AAL2), which was originally conceived as the AAL's minor league but has since effectively taken its parent league's place. In 2025, the parent league was announced to resume for the 2026 season onward.
Mukaiyama aldol addition
In organic chemistry, the Mukaiyama aldol addition is an organic reaction and a type of aldol reaction between a silyl enol ether (R2C=CR−O−Si(CH3)3) and an aldehyde (R−CH=O) or formate (R−O−CH=O). The reaction was discovered by Teruaki Mukaiyama in 1973. His choice of reactants allows for a crossed aldol reaction between an aldehyde and a ketone (>C=O), or a different aldehyde without self-condensation of the aldehyde. For this reason the reaction is used extensively in organic synthesis.

Silyl enol ether
In organosilicon chemistry, silyl enol ethers are a class of organic compounds that share the common functional group R3Si−O−CR=CR2, composed of an enolate (R3C−O−R) bonded to a silane (SiR4) through its oxygen end and an ethene group (R2C=CR2) as its carbon end. They are important intermediates in organic synthesis.
Cherangany Constituency
Cherangany Constituency (also spelled Cherangani Constituency), comprises the larger Trans Nzoia East District; otherwise known as Cherangani Sub-County, with an approximate area of 556.9 square km. It is an electoral constituency in Kenya, which was established/created for the 1988 general election.

It comprises seven county assembly wards, each electing a member of the county assembly (MCA) for the Trans-Nzoia County Assembly.

It is one of five constituencies in Trans-Nzoia County. The constituency was established for the 1988 Kenyan general election. Prior to the 1988 Kenyan general election, it was known as Kitale East Constituency, and was represented in the national assembly by Hon Masinde Muliro and earlier on by Hon Fred Gumo.

Hon Muliro was narrowly re-elected in the infamous 1988 (Public Queue Voting), despite mass rigging elsewhere. Immediately, his election was nullified and he lost the ensuing by-election to a Kalenjin newcomer Hon Kirwa.

Masinde Muliro
Henry Pius Masinde Muliro (June 30, 1922 – August 14, 1992) was a Kenyan politician from the Bukusu sub-tribe of the larger Abaluhya people of western Kenya. He was one of the central figures in the shaping of the political landscape in Kenya. An anti-colonial activist, he campaigned for the restoration of multi-party democracy in Kenya in his later years.
Doddridge County, West Virginia
Doddridge County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,808. Its county seat is West Union.

Doddridge County is part of the Clarksburg, West Virginia, WV Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Harrison County, West Virginia
Harrison County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,921, making it West Virginia's 7th most populous county. Its county seat is Clarksburg. Harrison County is part of the Clarksburg, WV Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Basu's theorem
In statistics, Basu's theorem states that any boundedly complete and sufficient statistic is independent of any ancillary statistic. This is a 1955 result of Debabrata Basu.

It is often used in statistics as a tool to prove independence of two statistics, by first demonstrating one is complete sufficient and the other is ancillary, then appealing to the theorem. An example of this is to show that the sample mean and sample variance of a normal distribution are independent statistics, which is done in the Example section below. This property (independence of sample mean and sample variance) characterizes normal distributions.

Debabrata Basu
Debabrata Basu (5 July 1924 – 24 March 2001) was an Indian statistician who made fundamental contributions to the foundations of statistics. Basu invented simple examples that displayed some difficulties of likelihood-based statistics and frequentist statistics; Basu's paradoxes were especially important in the development of survey sampling. In statistical theory, Basu's theorem established the independence of a complete sufficient statistic and an ancillary statistic.

Basu was associated with the Indian Statistical Institute in India, and Florida State University in the United States.
La La's Full Court Life
La La's Full Court Life is an American reality television series on VH1. The series debuted on August 22, 2011, and is the follow-up series to La La's Full Court Wedding. La La's Full Court Life chronicles the life of Alani Vasquez aka La La as she experiences married life with the professional basketball player Carmelo Anthony, evolving from being the fiancée of a basketball player to being a basketball wife and how she manages her life while keeping her career in check.

La La Anthony
Alani Nicole "La La" Anthony (née Vázquez; June 25, 1979 or 1982) is an American television personality and actress. In the early 2000s, she worked as an MTV VJ on Total Request Live. She was the host of the VH1 reality television reunion shows Flavor of Love, I Love New York, For the Love of Ray J, and Real Chance of Love, and was a dean on Charm School with Ricki Lake.

Anthony appeared in Two Can Play That Game (2001), You Got Served (2004), Think Like a Man (2012), Think Like a Man Too (2014), November Rule (2015) and Destined (2015). She appeared as Lakeisha Grant in the Starz original drama series Power. She hosted the American reality television series La La's Full Court Wedding and La La's Full Court Life. She was married to NBA player Carmelo Anthony from 2010 to 2021.
Gianna Rolandi
Gianna Rolandi (August 16, 1952 – June 20, 2021) was an American soprano. She was based at the New York City Opera (NYCO) and enjoyed a 20-year national and international career in coloratura soprano roles. She retired from performing in 1994 and served as director of and principal instructor at the Lyric Opera of Chicago's opera studio until 2013.

Lyric Opera of Chicago
The Lyric Opera of Chicago is an American opera company based in Chicago, Illinois.  The company was founded in Chicago in 1954, under the name 'Lyric Theatre of Chicago' by Carol Fox, Nicola Rescigno and Lawrence Kelly, with a season that included Maria Callas's American debut in Norma.  Fox re-organized the company in 1956 under its present name.  Lyric is housed in a theater and related spaces in the Civic Opera Building.  These spaces are now owned by Lyric.
James Riley (gunman)
Kinch 'James' Riley (c. 1853 – ?) was a young man from Kansas who, on August 19, 1871 was the deciding factor in a little-known but deadly gunfight, which became known as the Gunfight at Hide Park, that took place in Newton, Kansas. The gunfight, despite being lesser known than either the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral or the Four Dead in Five Seconds Gunfight, resulted in more dead.

Gunfight at Hide Park
The Gunfight at Hide Park, or the Newton Massacre, was the name given to an Old West gunfight that occurred on August 19, 1871, in Newton, Kansas, United States. While well publicized at the time, the shootout has received little historical attention despite resulting in a higher body count than the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and the Four Dead in Five Seconds Gunfight of 1881.  Unlike most other well-known gunfights of the Old West, it involved no notable or well-known gunfighters, nor did it propel any of its participants into any degree of fame. The story has transformed into legend due to reports that one of the participants, James Riley, walked away from the scene and was never seen again.

Thirteen people were said to have been killed in the gunfight, nine of them by Riley.
Gerardo Machado
Gerardo Machado y Morales (28 September 1871 – 29 March 1939) was a general of the Cuban War of Independence and President of Cuba from 1925 to 1933.

Machado was elected president in 1924 as the leader of the Liberal Party, a moderate reform-oriented party. He entered the presidency with widespread popularity and support from the major political parties. However, his support declined over time and Machado took dictatorial powers. Despite promising to govern only for one term, he ran for re-election in 1928 and won a non-democratic election where the opposition was repressed. As protests and rebellions became more strident, his administration curtailed free speech and imprisoned, exiled, and murdered Machado's opponents.

Ultimately, in 1933, Machado was forced to step down in favor of a provisional government headed by Carlos Manuel de Céspedes y Quesada and brokered by US ambassador Sumner Welles. Machado went into exile in Miami Beach, Florida.

1928 Cuban presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Cuba on 1 November 1928. The non-democratic elections were won by incumbent President Gerardo Machado who was the only candidate. Despite promising to govern only for one term, Machado ran for re-election in 1928. The opposition was repressed.
Gorg station
Gorg is a Barcelona Metro and Trambesòs complex named after the neighbourhood of the same name where the station is situated, in Badalona municipality. It is located on Avinguda del Marquès de Mont-Roig and very close to Palau Municipal d'Esports de Badalona, the home arena of the professional basketball club Joventut de Badalona. It is served by TMB-operated Barcelona Metro lines L2 and L10, and Trambesòs route T5.

Trambesòs
Trambesòs (Catalan pronunciation: [ˌtrambəˈzɔs]) is a tram–light rail system in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia that links the Barcelona district of Sant Martí with Badalona and Sant Adrià de Besòs. Its name comes from the union of the words "tram", an abbreviation of the Catalan word for "tram" (tramvia), and "Besòs", the name of an area in the north of the Barcelonès region dominated by the Besòs River.

The first section of Trambesòs was opened on 8 May 2004 as part of route T4 and since its opening it has undergone several extensions. The most recent extension opened on November 10, 2024. It was the first step to connect the network to the Trambaix along the Avinguda Diagonal, with a three station extension from Glòries to Verdaguer.

Trambesòs is operated by TRAM. It complements the Trambaix that runs to the south-west of the city. The networks are slated to be interconnected through Avinguda Diagonal in the final construction phase.
Lenwood, California
Lenwood is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, in San Bernardino County, California.

The population was 3,623 at the 2020 census, up from 3,543 at the 2010 census. It is located on the Mojave River, 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Barstow.

Barstow, California
Barstow is a city in San Bernardino County, California, in the Mojave Desert of Southern California. Located in the Inland Empire region of California, the population was 25,415 at the 2020 census. Barstow is an important crossroads for the Inland Empire and home to Marine Corps Logistics Base Barstow.
Pepe Diokno (director)
Jose Lorenzo "Pepe" Aromin Diokno III (born August 13, 1987) is a Filipino film director, producer, and screenwriter. He received the Lion of the Future Award for Best Debut Film and the Orizzonti Prize at the 2009 Venice Film Festival, and was awarded Best Director at the 2023 Metro Manila Film Festival.

66th Venice International Film Festival
The 66th annual Venice International Film Festival, was held from 2 to 12 September 2009, at Venice Lido in Italy.

Taiwanese filmmaker Ang Lee was the jury president for the main competition. Italian actress Maria Grazia Cucinotta was the Host of the opening and closing ceremonies. The Golden Lion was awarded to Lebanon by Samuel Maoz.

The festival opened with Baarìa by Giuseppe Tornatore, and the closed with Chengdu, I Love You by Fruit Chan and Cui Jian.
CantoMundo
CantoMundo is an American literary organization founded in 2009 to support Latino poets and poetry. It hosts an annual poetry workshop dedicated to the creation, documentation, and critical analysis of Latinx poetry.

Cave Canem Foundation
Cave Canem Foundation is an American 501(c)(3) organization founded in 1996 by poets Toi Derricotte and Cornelius Eady to remedy the underrepresentation and isolation of African-American poets in Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree programs and writing workshops across the United States. It is based in Brooklyn, New York.

Cave Canem programs include an annual summer retreat, regional workshops, first- and second-book poetry prizes, anthology publication and national readings and panels. The organization has also published two anthologies, Gathering Ground: A Reader Celebrating Cave Canem’s First Decade, edited by Derricotte and Eady (University of Michigan Press, 2006), and The Ringing Ear: Black Poets Lean South, edited by Nikky Finney (University of Georgia Press, 2007).

In September 2016, the National Book Foundation awarded Cave Canem the Literarian Award for service to the American literary community.
GAZ-3307
The GAZ-3307 and GAZ-3309 (nicknamed GAZon) are Russian trucks produced by the Gorky Automobile Plant. The GAZ-3307 was announced in late 1989, followed by GAZ-3309 in late 1994. Under the GAZ-3309 designation, variants were offered with an extended wheelbase and a modified engine. The GAZ-3308 is the all-wheel-drive version that has also been used for military purposes. More than 1.5 million GAZ-3307s were built, and in January 2020, production ceased after 31 years. Since 2014, a successor has been produced in the form of the GAZon NEXT.

GAZon NEXT
The GAZon NEXT is a truck produced by the Russian vehicle manufacturer GAZ. The vehicle has been in production since 2014 and is the successor to the GAZ-3307. Under the name Sadko NEXT comes a four-wheel drive variant of the vehicle; accordingly, this is the successor to the GAZ-3308.
Auxilium Pallacanestro Torino
Auxilium Pallacanestro Torino was an Italian professional basketball club in Turin, Piedmont. It competed in the first division of Italian basketball, the Lega Basket Serie A for the last time in the 2018–19 season. The club won one trophy, the Italian Basketball Cup, in 2018.

In June 2019, Auxilium was dissolved after the club was declared bankrupt after months of financial struggles, which had led to relegation from the LBA in May.

2018 Italian Basketball Cup
The 2018 Italian Basketball Cup, known as the 2018 PosteMobile Final Eight for sponsorship reasons, was the 50th edition of Italy's national cup tournament. The competition is managed by the Lega Basket for LBA clubs. The tournament was played from 15 to 18 February 2018 in Florence, at the end of the first half of the 2017–18 LBA season.

EA7 Emporio Armani Milano were the defending champions.

Fiat Torino went to win its first Cup ever by beating Germani Basket Brescia 69–67 in the Finals. Vander Blue was named Finals MVP of the competition.
Lado Enclave
The Lado Enclave (French: Enclave de Lado; Dutch: Lado-Enclave) was a leased territory administered by the Congo Free State and later by the Belgian Congo that existed from 1894 until 1910. Situated on the west bank of the Upper Nile in what is now South Sudan and northwest Uganda, it was neither an enclave nor exclave in the strict geographic sense. Its capital was the town of Lado.

Lado, South Sudan
Lado is a small settlement in Central Equatoria, South Sudan, on the west bank of the White Nile. It is situated north of the modern-day city of Juba.

When General Gordon was appointed governor of the Egyptian territory of Equatoria in 1874, he moved his capital from Gondokoro to Lado, which had a healthier climate.
In 1878 Emin Pasha was appointed Bey of Equatoria, then nominally under Egyptian control, with his base at Lado.
It was the namesake and capital of the Lado Enclave. Travelling through Africa, Russian explorer Wilhelm Junker stayed in Lado in 1884, and wrote complimentarily of its brick buildings and neat streets. As of January 2026, it is listed as a ghost town on Google Maps.
Piper sarmentosum
Piper sarmentosum (lolot pepper, lolot, wild betel) is a plant in the family Piperaceae used in many Southeast Asian cuisines. The leaves are often confused with betel, but they lack the intense taste of the betel leaves and are significantly smaller.

Piper lolot (lolot)  is now known to be the same species. Under this name it is cultivated for its leaf which is used in Lao and Vietnamese cuisine as a flavoring wrap for grilling meats, namely the thịt bò nướng lá lốt in Vietnam.

Bò nướng lá lốt
Bò nướng lá lốt ("grilled beef in lolot leaf") or thịt bò lá lốt, bò lá lốt is a dish consisting of Vietnamese beef in lolot leaves, which are called "betel" leaves by some English magazines. The leaves smell spicy but have a medicinal taste. The food is often served or sold at barbecues, and is the 5th out of 7 courses in the multi-course meal Bò 7 món. There is a northern version called chả lá lốt using pork instead of beef and often pan-fried instead of grilled.

In Vietnam, the lolot leaf is also called lá lốt.

Bò lá lốt is often topped with crushed roasted peanuts and green onions, or served with lettuce, mint leaves, daikon and carrot pickles, and vermicelli noodles, dipped in nước mắm pha (Vietnamese dipping sauce).