hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thanage
A thanage was an area of land held by a thegn in Anglo-Saxon England.

Thanage can also denote the rank held by such a thegn.

In medieval Scotland David I, an Anglophile, introduced "thanes" to replace the Gaelic "tòiseach". Therefore Scottish thanage denotes the land and duties held and undertaken by the thanes.

Thegn
In later Anglo-Saxon England, a thegn, or thane (Latin: minister), was an aristocrat who ranked at the third level in lay society, below the king and ealdormen. He had to be a substantial landowner. Thanage refers to the tenure by which lands were held by a thane as well as the rank; an approximately equivalent modern title may be that of baron.

The term thane was also used in early medieval Scandinavia for a class of retainers, and thane was a title given to local royal officials in medieval eastern Scotland, equivalent in rank to the child of an earl.
Saint Mary-of-the-Woods, Indiana
Saint Mary-of-the-Woods, often called St. Mary's, is an unincorporated community in Sugar Creek Township in northwestern Vigo County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. The community is part of the Terre Haute Metropolitan Statistical Area. A large portion of Saint Mary-of-the-Woods along U.S. Route 150 is taken up by the grounds of the Sisters of Providence of Saint Mary-of-the-Woods, which contain the motherhouse of the Sisters of Providence as well as Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College.

Although Saint Mary-of-the-Woods is unincorporated, it has a post office, with the ZIP code of 47876.  It had a population of 797 at the 2010 census.

Vigo County, Indiana
Vigo County (/ˈviːɡoʊ/ VEE-goh) is a county on the western border of the U.S. state of Indiana. The county is included in the Terre Haute metropolitan area. According to the 2020 United States census, it has a population of 106,153. Its county seat is Terre Haute.

The county contains four incorporated settlements with a total population of nearly 63,000, as well as several unincorporated communities. It is divided into twelve townships which provide local services to the residents.

The county was once regarded as one of the best bellwether regions for voting in U.S. presidential elections; it voted for the winning candidate in every election from 1956 to 2016 and in all but three elections since 1888. Until the streak ended in 2020, only one county in the United States, Valencia County, New Mexico, had voted for the winning candidate longer.
Reflation
Reflation is used to describe a return of prices to a previous rate of inflation. One usage describes an act of stimulating the economy by increasing the money supply or by reducing taxes, seeking to bring the economy (specifically the price level) back up to the long-term trend, following a dip in the business cycle. It is the opposite of disinflation, which seeks to return the economy back down to the long-term trend.

Disinflation
Disinflation is a decrease in the rate of inflation – a slowdown in the relative rate of increase of the general price level of goods and services in a nation's gross domestic product over time. It is the opposite of reflation.

If the inflation rate is not very high to start with, disinflation can lead to deflation – decreases in the general price level of goods and services. For example if the annual inflation rate one month is 5% and it is 4% the following month, prices disinflated by 1% but are still increasing at a 4% annual rate. If the current rate is 1% and it is -2% the following month, prices disinflated by 3% and are decreasing at a 2% annual rate.
GoTo (US company)
GoTo Technologies USA, Inc., formerly LogMeIn Inc., is a software as a service (SaaS) company that provides unified communication and IT management software. The company was founded in 2003, and is based in Boston, Massachusetts. On February 2, 2022, the company was rebranded from LogMeIn to GoTo.

With the rebranding to GoTo, the company also announced the launch of a unified application featuring two main products:

LogMeIn Resolve for IT management and support

GoTo Connect for business communications

On December 17, 2019, LogMeIn announced an agreement to be sold for $4.3 billion to Francisco Partners and Evergreen Coast Capital Corp., which is a private equity affiliate of Elliott Management Corporation. The deal closed on August 31, 2020. In 2022, GoTo announced the purchase of the mobile device management company Miradore.

LogMeIn Resolve
LogMeIn Resolve (formerly GoToAssist & GoTo Resolve) is a cloud-based unified endpoint management platform developed by LogMeIn. The software incorporates remote monitoring and management (RMM) and mobile device management (MDM) features in a single interface. LogMeIn Resolve is primarily used by IT support teams and managed service providers to perform remote support, device monitoring, and ticketing.
Iulia Hasdeu
Iulia Hasdeu (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈjuli.a haʃˈdew]; 14 November 1869 – 29 September 1888) was a Romanian poet, the daughter of writer and philologist Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu and his wife Iulia Faliciu. From a very young age, Hasdeu wrote poems and prose in both Romanian and French, taught herself foreign languages and studied piano and opera singing. She was the first Romanian woman to study at La Sorbonne University in Paris.

Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu
Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu (Romanian pronunciation: [boɡˈdan petriˈtʃejku haʃˈdew] ⓘ; 26 February 1838 – 7 September [O.S. 25 August] 1907) was a Romanian writer and philologist who pioneered many branches of Romanian philology and history.
Celtic Warriors
The Celtic Warriors (Welsh: Y Rhyfelwyr Celtaidd) were a rugby union team from Wales, who played in the 2003–04 Celtic League and the 2003–04 Heineken Cup following the introduction of regional rugby union teams in Wales. They were effectively a temporary merger of Pontypridd RFC and Bridgend RFC. The Celtic Warriors played just one season before disbanding. The team was poorly supported, with Pontypridd RFC supporters reluctant to watch the Celtic Warriors play in Bridgend and trying to prevent any aspect of Bridgend RFC's indentity seeping into the new entity. The animosity and insistance that Pontypridd RFC be the focal point for the team despite almost all financial support coming from Bridgend led to its downfall and the demise of pro rugby in Rhondda Cynon Taf, something Pontypridd RFC was trying to protect.

Bridgend Ravens
Bridgend Ravens (Welsh: Cigfrain Pen-y-bont) (formerly Bridgend RFC) are a semi-professional rugby union club based in Bridgend, South Wales.

They currently play in Super Rygbi Cymru and are a feeder club to the Ospreys regional team.
David Douglas Kelley
David Douglas Kelley (May 4, 1951 – April 25, 1996) was a Canadian LGBTQ rights activist and organizer, AIDS educator, and youth worker.

Kelley was co-founder of multiple LGBTQ+ organizations and was appointed Executive Director of the Toronto People with AIDS Foundation, the Project Officer with the Ontario Ministry of Health's AIDS Bureau, and Co-chair of the Ontario Advisory Committee on HIV/AIDS.

Kelley was presented with the Honorary Pink Trillium Humanitarian Award. His portrait was inducted into The ArQuives: Canada's LGBTQ2+ Archives National Portrait Collection, and he played the title role in the film Michael, A Gay Son.

The ArQuives
The ArQuives: Canada's LGBTQ2+ Archives, formerly known as the Canadian Lesbian and Gay Archives, is a Canadian non-profit organization, founded in 1973 as the Canadian Gay Liberation Movement Archives. The ArQuives acquires, preserves, and provides public access to material and information by and about lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and two-spirit communities primarily in Canada.
Cellphone surveillance
Cellphone surveillance (also known as cellphone spying) may involve tracking, bugging, monitoring, eavesdropping, and recording conversations and text messages on mobile phones. It also encompasses the monitoring of people's movements, which can be tracked using mobile phone signals when phones are turned on.

Mobile phone tracking
Mobile phone tracking is a process for identifying the location of a mobile phone, whether stationary or moving. Localization may be effected by a number of technologies, such as the multilateration of radio signals between (several) cell towers of the network and the phone or by simply using GPS tracking. To locate a mobile phone using multilateration of mobile radio signals, the phone must emit at least the idle signal to contact nearby antenna towers and does not require an active call. The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is based on the phone's signal strength to nearby antenna masts.

Mobile positioning may be used for location-based services that disclose the actual coordinates of a mobile phone. Telecommunication companies use this to approximate the location of a mobile phone, and thereby also its user.
Jannik Hastrup
Jannik Hastrup (born 4 May 1941 in Næstved, Denmark) is a Danish writer, director, producer, illustrator and animator. He is considered "Denmark's grand master of animation", as he is particularly well known for directing, animating and writing several animated films, occasionally with Flemming Quist Møller, including Benny's Bathtub, Dreaming of Paradise, Samson & Sally, War of the Birds, The Monkeys and the Secret Weapon, The Boy Who Wanted to Be a Bear and A Tale of Two Mozzies. He also directed, wrote and animated a number of shorts following Cirkeline the elf. He also founded his own animation studio called "Dansk Tegnefilm".

Benny's Bathtub
Benny's Bathtub (Original title: Bennys badekar) is a 1971 Danish animated film directed by Jannik Hastrup and Flemming Quist Møller. The film is the story of a boy who flees the boring world of adults into a magical land in the bottom of his bathtub. The film featured the voices and songs of Peter Belli, Otto Brandenburg and Povl Dissing as well as the jazz music of Kenny Drew and Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen. Benny's Bathtub received a special Bodil Award for animated film in 1971. The film and its music became a cult hit in Denmark. It is one of the ten films chosen for Denmark's cultural canon by the Danish Ministry of Culture.
Yeo Guat Kwang
Yeo Guat Kwang (Chinese: 杨木光; pinyin: Yáng Mùguāng; born 27 January 1961) is a Singaporean former politician. A former member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), Yeo was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Punggol South division of Cheng San Group Representation Constituency (GRC) between 1997 and 2001, the Aljunied–Hougang division of Aljunied GRC between 2001 and 2011, and the Ang Mo Kio–Hougang division of Ang Mo Kio GRC between 2011 and 2015.

Cheng San Group Representation Constituency
Cheng San Group Representation Constituency was a group representation constituency (GRC) in the north-eastern part of Singapore. It comprised the eastern section of Ang Mo Kio, Jalan Kayu, Seletar Hills, part of Serangoon North, much of Hougang and Buangkok as well as the entirety of both Sengkang and Punggol.

The constituency came into national prominence during the 1997 general election, which was the final contest before its abolition and redrawing for the 2001 general election. Its last Members of Parliament (MPs) were Lee Yock Suan, Heng Chiang Meng, Michael Lim Chun Leng, Zainul Abidin Bin Mohamed Rasheed and Yeo Guat Kwang, all representing the People's Action Party (PAP).
Lambroughton
Lambroughton is a village in the old Barony of Kilmaurs, Scotland. This is a rural area famous for its milk and cheese production and the Ayrshire or Dunlop breed of cattle.

Although Kilmaurs is in the council area of East Ayrshire, Lambroughton is now in fact in North Ayrshire, part of a narrow finger of land included in that council area with the parish of Dreghorn.

Kilmaurs
Kilmaurs (from Scottish Gaelic  Cill Mhàrais) is a village in East Ayrshire, Scotland which lies just outside of the largest settlement in East Ayrshire, Kilmarnock. It lies on the Carmel Water, 21 miles (34 kilometres) southwest of Glasgow. Population recorded for the village in the 2001 Census recorded 2,601 people resided in the village  It was in the Civil Parish of Kilmaurs.
U.S. Route 69
U.S. Route 69 (US 69) is a major north–south United States highway in the central United States.  When it was first created, it was only 150 miles (241 km) long, but it has since been expanded into a Minnesota to Texas cross-country route. The highway's southern terminus (as well as those of US-287 and US-96) is in Port Arthur, Texas at an intersection with State Highway 87. Its northern terminus is in Albert Lea, Minnesota at Minnesota State Highway 13.

U.S. Route 75
U.S. Route 75 is a north–south U.S. Highway that runs 1,239 miles (1,994 km) in the central United States. The highway's northern terminus is located at the Canadian border near Noyes, Minnesota, at a now-closed border crossing. From this point, the highway once continued farther north as Manitoba Highway 75.  Its southern terminus is located at Interstate 345 (I-345) and Texas State Highway Spur 366 (Spur 366) in Dallas, Texas, where US 75 is known as North Central Expressway.

US 75 was previously a cross-country route, from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico at Galveston, Texas, but the entire segment south of Dallas has been decommissioned in favor of I-45; a cutoff section of town-to-town surface road having become Texas State Highway 75.
College of Engineering, Cherthala
The Government College of Engineering, Cherthala (CEC) (Malayalam: കോളേജ് ഓഫ് എഞ്ചിനീയറിംഗ്, ചേര്‍ത്തല ) is an engineering college in the state of Kerala, India, established by Government of Kerala in 2004, under the propitious of the Institute of Human Resources Development (IHRD) 

and is recognized by the All India Council for Technical Education,  New Delhi. The college is affiliated  to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University.

The college is located at Pallippuram.

Institute of Human Resources Development
The Institute of Human Resources Development (IHRD) is an autonomous technical educational research institute established by the Government of Kerala in 1987, with its headquarters at Thiruvananthapuram in India.

IHRD has grown within a short period into a network of more than 50 institutions. In addition to regular courses of study in academic establishments, IHRD also runs short and long-term employment-oriented and continuous education programmes.

The initial name of IHRD was Institute of Human Resources Development for Electronics (IHRDE). Later it was renamed to the current version.

IHRD manages several applied science colleges, engineering colleges, polytechnics, and technical schools.
Festival Huế
Festival Huế is a festival that has been held in Huế every two years since 1992. Since 2002, it has included a Sacrifice to Heaven known by the Vietnamese name Nam Giao which happens at the Esplanade of Sacrifice to the Heaven and Earth.

Sacrifice to Heaven
Sacrifice to Heaven (Chinese: 祭天; pinyin: Jìtiān) is an Asian religious practice originating in the worship of Shangdi in China. In Ancient Chinese society, nobles of all levels constructed altars for Heaven. At first, only nobles could worship Shangdi but later beliefs changed and everyone could worship Shangdi.

Modern Confucian churches make this practice available to all believers and it continues in China without a monarch.

It has been influential on areas outside of China including Japan, Vietnam, and Korea.

The Jì (祭) in the Chinese name is the same Je as in Jesa.
Andrey Smolyakov
Andrey Igorevich Smolyakov (Russian: Андре́й И́горевич Смоляко́в; born 24 November 1958) is a Soviet and Russian actor and director. He is known for Vysotskiy. Spasibo, chto zhivoy (2011), Stalingrad, and Forbidden Empire.

Vysotsky. Thank You For Being Alive
Vysotsky. Thank You for Being Alive (Russian: Высоцкий. Спасибо, что живой) is a 2011 Russian drama film about Vladimir Vysotsky based on a screenplay by his son Nikita and directed by Pyotr Buslov. The primary actor, who played the role of Vysotsky, went uncredited and remained unknown to public. Later, it was revealed that CGI and heavy makeup disguised Sergey Bezrukov. The film premiered on December 1, 2011.
Justin Torres
Justin Torres (born 1980) is an American novelist and an associate professor of English at University of California, Los Angeles. He won the First Novelist Award for his semi-autobiographical debut novel We the Animals (2011), which was also an Edmund White Award finalist and an NAACP Image Award for Debut Author nominee. The novel has been adapted into a film of the same title and was awarded the Next Innovator Prize at the Sundance Film Festival. Torres' second novel, Blackouts, won the 2023 National Book Award for Fiction.

We the Animals (film)
We the Animals is a 2018 American coming-of-age drama film, directed by Jeremiah Zagar and written by Zagar and Dan Kitrosser, based on the novel of the same name by Justin Torres. The film marks Zagar's first narrative feature film. The film stars Evan Rosado, Raúl Castillo, Sheila Vand, Isaiah Kristian, and Josiah Gabriel. It premiered at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival and was released on August 17, 2018, by The Orchard.
Cougar C12
The Cougar C12 was a Group C sports car prototype race car, designed, developed and built by French constructor Cougar in 1985, and used in sports car racing from 1985 to 1988. Its best result was an 18th-place finish at the 1986 24 Hours of Le Mans, being driven by Yves Courage, Alain de Cadenet, and Pierre-Henri Raphanel.

Courage Compétition
Courage Compétition was a racing team and chassis constructor company now owned by Oreca, based in Le Mans, France, near the Circuit de la Sarthe.  It was founded by Yves Courage, a French race driver who ran hillclimbs before founding the company in 1981.  Following the purchase of Courage by Oreca in 2007, Yves Courage has refounded the company as Courage Technology in 2010, attempting to develop electric racing cars.
Bern–Neuchâtel railway
The Bern–Neuchâtel railway is a Swiss railway that was opened on 1 July 1901 by the Bern–Neuchâtel Railway (Bern-Neuenburg-Bahn). It is now part of the BLS AG network and is also called the Direkt Linie (direct line), because it crosses the Grand Marais in an almost straight line. In addition, the connection is part of the shortest railway line between Bern and Paris.

BLS AG
BLS AG is a Swiss railway company created by the 2006 (2006) merger of BLS Lötschbergbahn and Regionalverkehr Mittelland AG. Its ownership is divided, with 55.8% of it owned by the canton of Berne, and 21.7% by the Swiss Confederation. It has two main business fields: passenger traffic and infrastructure.

BLS has a subsidiary—BLS Cargo—which is responsible for all freight operations. BLS Cargo works in cooperation with the freight subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn, Railion. However, the staff, apart from management and sales, is employed by BLS AG. Part of the BLS locomotive fleet is owned by BLS Cargo.

Another subsidiary, BLS Fernverkehr AG, is responsible for long-distance passenger transport. BLS Fernverkehr AG is wholly owned by BLS AG.
Royal Indian Air Force
The Indian Air Force (1932–1945) and the Royal Indian Air Force (1945–1950) were the air forces of British India. Granted the 'Royal' prefix in March 1945 during the final months of the Second World War, the Royal Indian Air Force continued as the air force of the Dominion of India until it became a republic in 1950, when the Indian president became India's head of state; replacing the British monarch. It was replaced by the Indian Air Force thereafter.

Alongside the Indian Army and the Royal Indian Navy, it comprised the armed forces of British India and the Dominion of India between 1932 and 1950.

The Royal Indian Air Force's first flight came into being on 1 April 1933 with six RAF-trained officers and 19 Havai Sepoys (air soldiers). The aircraft inventory consisted of four Westland Wapiti IIA army co-operation biplanes at Drigh Road, Karachi as the "A" Flight nucleus of the planned No.1 (Army Co-operation) Squadron.

Westland Wapiti
The Westland Wapiti was a British two-seat general-purpose military single-engined biplane of the 1920s. It was designed and built by Westland Aircraft Works to replace the Airco DH.9A in Royal Air Force service.

First flying in 1927, the Wapiti entered service with the RAF in 1928, and remained in production until 1932, a total of 565 being built. It equipped twenty squadrons of the RAF, both overseas (particularly in India and Iraq) and at home, remaining in RAF service until 1940, also being used by the Air Forces of Australia, Canada, South Africa and India. It also formed the basis for the Westland Wallace which partly replaced the Wapiti in RAF use.

The Wapiti is named for the wapiti, also known as elk, one of the largest species of the deer family and one of the largest land mammals in North America and eastern Asia.
Pattani, Thailand
Pattani is a town (thesaban mueang) in the far south of Thailand, near the border with Malaysia. It is the capital of Pattani Province. The city has a population of 44,353 (2018). It covers the whole tambon Sabarang, Anoru and Chabang Tiko of Mueang Pattani district.

Pattani lies 1,056 km south of Bangkok, and is located at the mouth of the Pattani River. A small port is known to have existed at the river mouth Kuala Bekah in the 16th century. The historic centre of Patani was originally located a few miles away where the Krue Se Mosque is located. The older capital of Patani was captured and sacked by Siam in 1785.

The local dialect of Malay is called Pattani Malay or Yawi in Thai (derived from Jawi).

Patani Kingdom
Patani, or the Sultanate of Patani (Jawi: كسلطانن ڤطاني‎) was a Malay sultanate in the historical Pattani Region. It covered approximately the area of the modern Thai provinces of Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat and part of the Malaysian state of Kelantan. The 2nd–15th century state of Langkasuka and the 6th–7th century state of Pan Pan may have been related.

The golden age of Patani started during the reign of the first of its four successive queens, Raja Hijau (The Green Queen), who came to the throne in 1584 and was followed by Raja Biru (The Blue Queen), Raja Ungu (The Purple Queen) and Raja Kuning (The Yellow Queen). During this period the kingdom's economic and military strength was greatly increased to the point that it was able to fight off four major Siamese invasions. It had declined by the late 17th century and it was invaded by Siam in 1786, which eventually absorbed the state after its last raja was deposed in 1902.
Joyce Brown (netball)
Joyce Alice Brown (née Anderson) OAM (born 29 September 1938) is a former Australia netball international and national team head coach. Brown captained Australia at the inaugural 1963 World Netball Championships, winning a gold medal. She later coached Australia at the 1975, 1983 and 1991 World Netball Championships and at the 1993 World Games, guiding the team to four gold medals. Brown never lost a World Netball Championship match, either as a player or coach. In 1992 she was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia. Between 1999 and 2002, Brown served as head coach of Melbourne Phoenix in the Commonwealth Bank Trophy league, leading them to the premiership in 2000 and 2002. Brown also served as a netball umpire and sports administrator.

Netball at the 1993 World Games
The Netball tournament at the 1993 World Games was played at Houtrusthallen in The Hague, Netherlands from 28 July and 1 August 1993. The competition included teams from Australia, Canada, England, Jamaica, New Zealand and Wales. Coached by Joyce Brown and captained by Michelle Fielke, Australia won the tournament, winning all five matches they played.