hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anglican dioceses of Burundi
The Anglican dioceses of Burundi are the Anglican presence in Burundi; together they form the Province of the Anglican Church of Burundi. The Anglican churches of the area were under the authority of the Archbishop of Canterbury until 1965, when the Province of Uganda and Ruanda-Urundi (later of Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and Boga-Zaire) was created; Burundi was then part of the Province of Rwanda, Burundi, and Boga-Zaire from 1980 until its own church province was erected in 1992.

Province of the Anglican Church of Burundi
The Province of the Anglican Church of Burundi (French: Province de l'Église anglicane du Burundi) is a province of the Anglican Communion, located in East Africa between Tanzania, Rwanda, Kenya, and the Congo. The Archbishop and Primate of Burundi is Sixbert Macumi. According to the World Christian Database and the World Christian Encyclopedia, published by Edinburg University Press, the church claims to have 1,276,000 baptised members.
League of God's House
The League of God's House (German: Gotteshausbund, Italian: Lega Caddea, Romansh: Lia da la Chadéⓘ) was formed in what is now Switzerland on 29 January 1367, to resist the rising power of the Bishopric of Chur and the House of Habsburg. The League allied with the Grey League and the League of the Ten Jurisdictions in 1471 to form the Three Leagues. The League of God's House, together with the two other Leagues, was an associate of Old Swiss Confederacy throughout the 15th and 16th centuries. After the Napoleonic Wars the League of God's House became a part of the Swiss canton of Graubünden.

League of the Ten Jurisdictions
The League of the Ten Jurisdictions was the last of the Three Leagues founded during the Middle Ages in what is now Canton Graubünden of Switzerland.  The League was created in the County of Toggenburg after the counts of Toggenburg died out.  The League initially existed to resist the power of the House of Habsburg, and quickly allied with the Grey League and the League of God's House.  In 1524 the three leagues joined to become the Free State of the Three Leagues, which existed until the Napoleonic dissolution of the Free State. The league was an associate and ally of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
Split weight training
Split weight training, also known as split routine, or split workout routine, is a type of resistance training routine in which different muscle groups are targeted on separate days, rather than exercising the entire body in a single session. It is the opposite of a full-body workout, where the entire body is targeted in a single session. Supporters of split training argue that it allows for focused work on each muscle group while providing appropriate recovery time between training on the same muscle. This type of training is mostly used by bodybuilders and fitness trainers, while strength athletes such as powerlifters and strongmen typically avoid this approach.

A 2024 systematic review and meta-analysis found that split training and full-body training lead to equivalent muscular hypertrophy and muscular strength gains when training volume is equivalent, though in practice full-body training often leads to greater volume.

Full-body workout
Full-body workout is a type of exercise workout routine where the entire body is targeted in a single session. It is the opposite of a split workout routine, also known as split weight training or split routine, where different muscle groups are targeted on separate days.
OpenRAW
OpenRAW was an initiative to raise awareness of a serious problem with top-end digital photography and to help solve that problem. The problem concerns long-term access and viewing of the  raw images often used by professional and experienced amateur photographers. OpenRAW's solution (also their motto) was "Digital Image Preservation Through Open Documentation".

This initiative was primarily an international (non-political) advocacy and lobby activity directed at companies making digital cameras and those developing software to support those cameras. It also had the aim of raising awareness of the problem among photographers. Its resources included a website with a discussion forum, and many registered supporters, including individuals, companies, and professional organizations.

Raw image format
A camera raw image file is a file that contains unprocessed data straight from a digital camera. Such data can later be changed into a photo, either within a digital camera itself or by usage of external tools. Raw files are so named because they are not yet processed, and contain large amounts of potentially redundant data. Normally, the image is processed by a raw converter, in a wide-gamut internal color space where precise adjustments can be made before conversion to a viewable photos for storage, printing, or further manipulation. There are dozens of raw formats in use by different manufacturers of digital image capture equipment.
Adams chromatic valence color space
Adams chromatic valence color spaces are a class of color spaces suggested by Elliot Quincy Adams. Two important Adams chromatic valence spaces are CIELUV and Hunter Lab.

Chromatic value/valence spaces are notable for incorporating the opponent process model and the empirically-determined 2+1⁄2 factor in the red/green vs. blue/yellow chromaticity components (such as in CIELAB).

CIELAB color space
The CIELAB color space, also referred to as L*a*b*, is a color space defined by the International Commission on Illumination (abbreviated CIE) in 1976. It expresses color as three values: L* for perceptual lightness and a* and b* for the four unique colors of human vision: red, green, blue and yellow.  CIELAB was intended as a perceptually uniform space, where a given numerical change corresponds to a similar perceived change in color. While the LAB space is not truly perceptually uniform, it nevertheless is useful in industry for detecting small differences in color.

Like the CIEXYZ space it derives from, CIELAB color space is a device-independent, "standard observer" model. The colors it defines are not relative to any particular device such as a computer monitor or a printer, but instead relate to the CIE standard observer which is an averaging of the results of color matching experiments under laboratory conditions.
Campogalliano
Campogalliano (Carpigiano: Campgàjan) is a comune (municipality) of 8.804 inhabitants in the Province of Modena in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Bologna and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) northwest of Modena.

Campogalliano borders the following municipalities: Carpi, Correggio, Modena, Rubiera, San Martino in Rio.

Carpi, Emilia-Romagna
Carpi (Italian: [ˈkarpi]; Emilian: Chèrp) is an Italian town and comune of about 73,000 inhabitants in the province of Modena, Emilia-Romagna. It is a busy centre for industrial and craft activities and for cultural and commercial exchanges.
West Runton railway station
West Runton railway station is a stop on the Bittern Line in Norfolk, England, serving the village of West Runton. It is 28 miles 55 chains (46.2 km) down the line from Norwich and is situated between Cromer and Sheringham, the line's northern terminus. Train services are operated by Greater Anglia.

Cromer railway station
Cromer is a railway station which serves the coastal town of Cromer, in the English county of Norfolk. It is a stop on the Bittern Line between Norwich and Sheringham. The station is located 26 miles 52 chains (42.9 km) down the line from Norwich.
Byzantine lyra
The Byzantine lyra or lira (Greek: λύρα) was a medieval bowed string musical instrument in the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire. In its popular form, the lyra was a pear-shaped instrument with three to five strings, held upright and played by stopping the strings from the side with the fingertips and fingernails. The oldest known depiction of the instrument is on a Byzantine ivory casket, dated to circa 900–1100 AD, preserved in the Bargello in Florence (Museo Nazionale, Florence, Coll. Carrand, No.26). Modern variants of the lyra are still played throughout the Balkans and in areas surrounding the Black Sea (and most of the historical territories of the Byzantine Empire), including Greece, Crete (Cretan lyra), Karpathos (Karpathian lyra), Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, Bulgaria (the gadulka), North Macedonia, Croatia (Dalmatian lijerica), Italy (the Calabrian lira), Turkey (the politiki lyra and the Pontic lyra or kemençe) and Armenia.

Cretan lyra
The Cretan lyra (Greek: Κρητική λύρα) is a pear-shaped three-stringed Greek lyra, a traditional musical instrument, central to the traditional music of Crete and other islands in the Dodecanese and the Aegean Archipelago, in Greece. The Cretan lyra is considered to be the most popular surviving form of the medieval Byzantine lyra, an ancestor of most European bowed instruments.
Television systems before 1940
A number of experimental and broadcast pre World War II television systems were tested. The first ones were mechanical based (mechanical television) and of very low resolution, sometimes with no sound. Later TV systems were electronic (electronic television).

For a list of mechanical system tests and development, see mechanical television. For a station list see Prewar television stations

Prewar television stations
This is a list of pre-World War II television stations of the 1920s and 1930s. Most of these experimental stations were located in Europe (notably in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, the Netherlands, and Russia), Australia, Canada, and the United States. Some present-day broadcasters trace their origins to these early stations.

All television licenses in the United States were officially "experimental" before July 1941, as the NTSC television standard had yet to be developed. Some American television broadcasters continued operating under experimental licenses as late as 1947, although by then they were using the same technical standards as their commercial brethren.
Air quality index
An air quality index (AQI) is an approximation of how polluted the air currently is or how polluted it is forecast to become. As air pollution levels rise, so does the AQI, along with the associated public health risks.

Different countries have their own air quality indices, corresponding to different national air quality standards. These include Canada's Air Quality Health Index, Malaysia's Air Pollution Index, and Singapore's Pollutant Standards Index. Pollutants that are commonly monitored include ground-level ozone, particulates, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide.

Children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory or cardiovascular problems are typically the first groups affected by poor air quality. When the AQI is high, governmental bodies generally encourage people to reduce physical activity outdoors, or even avoid going out altogether.

Pollutant Standards Index
The Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) is a type of air quality index used in Singapore, which is a number used to indicate the level of pollutants in air. Initially PSI was based on five air pollutants, but since 1 April 2014 it has also included fine particulate matter (PM2.5).

In addition to the PSI derived by averaging data collected for the past 24 hours, Singapore also publishes 1-hr PM2.5 concentrations are also published every hour.

Besides Singapore, some other countries also use air quality indices. However, the calculations used to derive their air quality indices may differ.  Different countries also use different names for their indices such as Air Quality Health Index, Air Pollution Index and Pollutant Standards Index.
Chalon language
The Chalon language is one of eight Ohlone languages, historically spoken by the Chalon people of Native Americans who lived in Northern California. Also called Soledad, it belongs to one of the Ohlone (or Costanoan) languages of the Utian family. It is poorly attested, the only documentation originating from wordlists in the 19th century and a fragment of a catechism. Recent work suggests that Chalon may be transitional between the northern and southern groups of Ohlone languages.

Ohlone languages
The Ohlone languages, also known as Costanoan, form a small Indigenous language family historically spoken in Northern California, both in the southern San Francisco Bay Area and northern Monterey Bay area, by the Ohlone people. Along with the Miwok languages, they are members of the Utian language family. The most recent work suggests that Ohlone, Miwok, and Yokuts are branches of a Yok-Utian language family.
Michael Erush
Michael Erush (born January 24, 1983) is a former professional soccer player who is currently the head coach of the men's team at California State University-Los Angeles.

He was inducted into the Birmingham Community Charter High School Athletic Hall of Fame, and the Loyola Marymount University Athletics Hall of Fame. Erush won a silver medal with Team USA at the 2005 Maccabiah Games in Israel.

In Major League Soccer, he played for the Colorado Rapids (2004), Chivas USA (2005), and Miami FC (2006). Erush played internationally with Hapoel Ashkelon F.C. in Israel, Lombard-Papa TFC in Hungary, and Olimpia Bălţi in Moldova. He was formerly a coach of the Loyola Marymount Lions soccer team.

Birmingham High School
Birmingham Community Charter High School (formerly Birmingham High School) is a charter high school in the neighborhood/district of Lake Balboa in the San Fernando Valley section of Los Angeles, California, United States. It was founded in 1953 as a 7–12 grade combined high school and became solely a senior high school in 1963. The school has a Van Nuys address and serves Lake Balboa, parts of Encino, and Amestoy Estates. It is within the Los Angeles Unified School District but operates as an internal charter school.
IAI Scout
The IAI Scout (known in Israel under its Hebrew name זהבן - "Oriole") is a reconnaissance unmanned air vehicle developed in Israel in the 1970s by Israel Aircraft Industries as a competitor to the Tadiran Mastiff. The project was led by Charley Attali, David Harari, and Michael Shefer who were all awarded the 1981 Israel Defense Prize.

During the 1970s, the Israeli military was becoming increasingly interested in battlefield UAVs, and in response IAI management finally decided that they were interested in the concept as well. The Scout had a similar configuration as the Mastiff, with a pusher propeller and a twin-boom tail.

Tadiran Mastiff
The Tadiran Mastiff is a battlefield unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) built by Tadiran Electronic Industries of Israel. It is regarded by some military historians as the world's first modern military surveillance drone.
Daniel Harvey Hill Jr.
Daniel Harvey Hill Jr. (15 January 1859 – 31 July 1924) was an American librarian, educator, and the third chancellor of North Carolina State University. D. H. Hill Jr. Library on NCSU's campus is named in his honor.

D. H. Hill Jr. Library
The D. H. Hill Jr. Library is one of two main libraries at North Carolina State University. It is the third building to house the NC State University Libraries, following Brooks Hall and Holladay Hall. The current building, situated on the Hillsborough Street edge of North Campus, is the result of four stages of construction, and houses the majority of the volumes in NC State's collection.

As of 2020, the system's total holdings amount to over 3.28 million available volumes, 122,839 electronic journal subscriptions, 511 print subscriptions, 685 bibliographic databases, and access to over 1.3 million electronic books. In the 2019–2020 academic year, the Libraries saw over 16 million total uses. The Libraries' collection is the smallest among the "Big 3" Universities in the Triangle Research Libraries Network—the other two library systems being Duke University (7.26 million volumes as of 2016) and UNC at Chapel Hill (9.19 million volumes as of 2016).
Ilkley
Ilkley is a spa town and civil parish in the City of Bradford in West Yorkshire, in Northern England. Historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Ilkley civil parish includes the adjacent village of Ben Rhydding and is a ward within the City of Bradford. Approximately 12 miles (19 km) north of Bradford and 17 miles (27 km) north-west of Leeds, the town lies mainly on the south bank of the River Wharfe in Wharfedale, one of the Yorkshire Dales.

Ilkley's spa town heritage and surrounding countryside make tourism an important local industry. The town centre is characterised by Victorian architecture, wide streets and floral displays. Ilkley Moor, to the south of the town, is the subject of a folk song, often described as the unofficial anthem of Yorkshire, "On Ilkla Moor Baht 'at". The song's words are written in Yorkshire dialect: its title translated is "On Ilkley Moor without a hat".

Ben Rhydding
Ben Rhydding is a village in the City of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England.  It is part of the Ilkley urban area and civil parish.

The village is situated on a north-facing valley side beneath the Cow and Calf rocks and above and to the south of the River Wharfe. It was in the historic West Riding of Yorkshire.
Haute-Loire
Haute-Loire (French pronunciation: [ot lwaʁ] ⓘ; Occitan: Naut Léger or Naut Leir; English: Upper Loire) is a landlocked department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of south-central France. Named after the Loire River, it is surrounded by the departments of Loire, Ardèche, Lozère, Cantal and Puy-de-Dôme. In 2019, it had a population of 227,570; its inhabitants are called Altiligériens in French (English : Altiligerians).

The department, which has its prefecture in Le Puy-en-Velay, covers the upper reaches of the Loire and consists of the Loire Valley and the surrounding mountains in the Massif Central. It is one of the original 83 departments of France created in 1790 during the French Revolution. Parts of the department are included in the Livradois-Forez Regional Natural Park.

Puy-de-Dôme
Puy-de-Dôme (French: [pɥi də dom] ⓘ; Auvergnat: lo Puèi de Doma or lo Puèi Domat) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in the centre of France. In 2021, it had a population of 662,285. Its prefecture is Clermont-Ferrand and subprefectures are Ambert, Issoire, Riom, and Thiers.

Named after the Puy de Dôme dormant volcano, its inhabitants were called Puydedomois in French until 2005. With effect from 2006, in response to a letter writing campaign, the name used for the inhabitants was changed by the Puy-de-Dôme General Council to Puydômois; this is the name that has since then been used in all official documents and publications.
Lo Wu
Lo Wu (Chinese: 羅湖) is an area in North District, New Territories, Hong Kong. It lies on the border between Hong Kong and mainland China, specifically the Luohu District of Shenzhen in mainland China. The area is most notable as the location of the most heavily used immigration control point for passengers travelling to and from mainland China. It is where the Lo Wu station is located.

Lo Wu station
Lo Wu is the northern terminus of the East Rail line (Kowloon-Canton Railway) of Hong Kong, located in Lo Wu within the Closed Area on Hong Kong's northern frontier. The station serves as a primary checkpoint for rail passengers between Hong Kong and mainland China and vice versa, rather than serving a specific area. It is also the northernmost railway station in Hong Kong.
Rabbitfish
Rabbitfishes or spinefoots, genus Siganus, are perciform fishes in the family Siganidae. It is the only extant genus in its family and has 29  species. In some now obsolete classifications, the species having prominent face stripes—colloquially called foxfaces–are in the genus Lo. Other species, such as the masked spinefoot (S. puellus), show a reduced form of the stripe pattern. Rabbitfishes are native to shallow waters in the Indo-Pacific, but S. luridus and S. rivulatus have become established in the eastern Mediterranean via Lessepsian migration. They are commercially important food fish, and can be used in the preparation of dishes such as bagoong.

Masked spinefoot
The masked spinefoot (Siganus puellus), also known as the masked rabbitfish, bluelined rabbitfish, blue-lined spinefoot, decorated rabbitfish or maiden spinefoot, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a rabbitfish belonging to the family Siganidae. It  occurs in shallow, coral-rich areas of clear lagoons and seaward reefs of the Indo-West Pacific region.
André Grabar
André Nicolaevitch Grabar (Russian: Андрей Николаевич Грабар; July 26, 1896 – October 5, 1990) was a historian of Romanesque art and the art of the Eastern Roman Empire and the Bulgarian Empire. Born and educated in Kiev, Saint Petersburg and Odessa, he spent his career in Bulgaria (1919–1922), France (1922–1958) and the United States (1958–1990). Grabar was one of the 20th-century founders of the study of the art and icons of the Eastern Roman Empire, adopting a synthetic approach embracing history, theology and interactions with the Islamic world.

His son Oleg Grabar also became an art historian, with a special interest in Islamic art and architecture.

Oleg Grabar
Oleg Grabar (November 3, 1929 – January 8, 2011) was a French-born art historian and archeologist, who spent most of his career in the United States, as a leading figure in the field of Islamic art and architecture in the Western academe.
Tama novaehollandiae
Tama novaehollandiae or Tamopsis novaehollandiae are names used for an Australian spider species. However, the original type specimen has been lost, and it is not clear which, if any, of the many species of Tamopsis now recognized the name refers to, so it is treated as a nomen dubium (doubtful name). Tamopsis is placed in the family Hersiliidae.

Tamopsis
Tamopsis is a genus of tree trunk spiders that was first described by B. Baehr & M. Baehr in 1987. Like other members of the family, they may be called two-tailed spiders, referring to two elongated spinnerets. The name is derived from the genus Tama and the Ancient Greek ὄψις (-opsis), meaning "resembling".

These spiders differ from Tama edwardsi in the more complex palpal bulb and the median apophysis that may either be coiled or have a hook- or spoon-shaped structure at its tip. These species are generally arboreal, where the spiders originally included in Tama in 1987 are mainly terrestrial.
Carrie Walton Penner
Carrie Walton Penner (born August 12, 1970) is the granddaughter of Sam Walton, the founder of Walmart, and the daughter of former company chairman S. Robson Walton.

Walton Penner is an influential figure in the charter school movement. She is a co-owner of the Denver Broncos.

S. Robson Walton
Samuel Robson "Rob" Walton (born October 27, 1944) is an American billionaire heir to the fortune of Walmart, the world's largest retailer.  He is the eldest son of Helen Walton and Sam Walton, and was chairman of Walmart from 1992 to 2015. As of February 2026, Forbes estimated his net worth to be US$145.1 billion, making him the 11th richest person in the world. He is also the principal owner of the Denver Broncos.