hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dan O'Bannon
Daniel Thomas O'Bannon (September 30, 1946 – December 17, 2009) was an American film screenwriter, director and  visual effects supervisor, most closely associated with the science fiction and horror genres.

O'Bannon wrote the screenplay for Alien, adapted from a story he wrote with Ronald Shusett. He also wrote and directed the cult horror comedy The Return of the Living Dead. He contributed computer animation to Star Wars and worked on cult classics such as Dark Star, and Heavy Metal, as well as the blockbuster Total Recall.

Ronald Shusett
Ronald Shusett (June 28, 1935 – August 29, 2024) was an American screenwriter and film producer, best known for his works in the science fiction and horror film genres. Along with co-writer Dan O'Bannon, he is the creator of the Alien film franchise.
Loughton
Loughton (/ˈlaʊtən/) is a town and civil parish in the Epping Forest District of Essex, England. It is inside the M25 London orbital motorway but lies just outside the administrative boundary of Greater London. It lies 13 miles (21 km) north-east of Charing Cross in central London. The parish has two stations on the Central line of the London Underground: Loughton and Debden. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 33,346.

The parish includes part of the ancient woodland of Epping Forest. Loughton has three conservation areas and 56 listed buildings, together with a further 50 that are locally listed.

The neighbouring parishes are Waltham Abbey, Theydon Bois, Chigwell, and Buckhurst Hill. The parish also borders the London Borough of Waltham Forest near Chingford.

Chigwell
Chigwell is a town and civil parish in the Epping Forest District of Essex, England. It lies adjacent to the northern boundary of Greater London. It is on the Central line of the London Underground. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 14,599 and the built up area had a population of 12,250.
23×152mmB
The 23×152mmB is a large-caliber cartridge used by the USSR/CIS in the VYa-23 aircraft autocannon, the Ilyushin Il-2 ground attack aircraft, and in the 2A7 and 2A14 autocannons on the ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun series and ZSU-23-4 "Shilka", among others.

Note that the ammunition for the VYa-23 uses a brass case and is not functionally interchangeable with the steel-cased ammunition of the modern ZU-23 anti-aircraft gun series. These two weapons use different headspace sizes, therefore requiring ammunition of slightly different dimensions.
While it is no longer in use in the main anti-aircraft weapons of modern Russia, being replaced by the 30×165mm, it is still in service with the Russian Naval Infantry and many other countries.

ZU-23-2
The ZU-23-2, also known as ZU-23, is a Soviet towed 23×152mm anti-aircraft twin-barreled autocannon. ZU stands for Zenitnaya Ustanovka (Russian: Зенитная Установка) – anti-aircraft mount. The GRAU index is 2A13.
Bernd Meinunger
Bernd Meinunger (30 September 1944 – 17 October 2025) was a German lyricist and record producer (with Hanne Haller) who frequently worked with Ralph Siegel and David Brandes. Several of his songs have represented Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest.

Ralph Siegel
Ralph Siegel (born 30 September 1945) is a German record producer and songwriter. Siegel is one of the most notable figures at the Eurovision Song Contest, in which he has participated with 24 songs so far, among them the 1982 winner song Ein bisschen Frieden.
Bremen-Verden
Bremen-Verden, formally the Duchies of Bremen and Verden (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛɐ̯dən]; German: Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden), were two territories and immediate fiefs of the Holy Roman Empire, which emerged and gained imperial immediacy in 1180. By their original constitution they were prince-bishoprics of the Archdiocese of Bremen and Bishopric of Verden.

In 1648, both prince-bishoprics were secularised, meaning that they were transformed into hereditary monarchies by constitution, and from then on both the Duchy of Bremen and the Duchy of Verden were always ruled in personal union, initially by the royal houses of Sweden, the House of Vasa and the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, and later by the House of Hanover.

With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, Bremen-Verden's status as fiefs of imperial immediacy became void; as they had been in personal union with the neighbouring Kingdom of Hanover, they were incorporated into that state.

Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen
The Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (German: Fürsterzbistum Bremen) was an ecclesiastical principality (787–1566/1648) of the Holy Roman Empire and the Catholic Church that after its definitive secularization in 1648 became the hereditary Duchy of Bremen (German: Herzogtum Bremen). The prince-archbishopric, which was under the secular rule of the archbishop, consisted of about a third of the diocesan territory. The city of Bremen was de facto (since 1186) and de jure (since 1646) not part of the prince-archbishopric. Most of the prince-archbishopric lay rather in the area to the north of the city of Bremen, between the Weser and Elbe rivers. Even more confusingly, parts of the prince-archbishopric belonged in religious respect to the neighbouring Diocese of Verden, making up 10% of its diocesan territory.
Ghalib Museum, New Delhi
Mirza Ghalib Museum, New Delhi is a museum on the life and times of the 18th century Urdu poet Mirza Ghalib, under the aegis of the Ghalib Academy, New Delhi. The museum is situated in the vicinity of the tomb of the 13th century Sufi saint Khwaja Nizamuddin.

Ghalib
Mirza Asadullah Beg Khan (27 December 1797 – 15 February 1869), commonly known as Mirza Ghalib, was an Indian poet and letter writer of the Mughal Empire. Writing in Persian and Urdu during the final years of the Mughal Empire and the rise of British colonial rule, his poetry often addressed themes of love, loss, philosophy, the human condition, and socio-political disturbances with a depth and complexity that influenced the literary traditions of his time. His ghazals, noted for their intricate imagery and layered meanings, form a significant part of Urdu literature. He spent most of his life in poverty.

He wrote in both Urdu and Persian. Although his Persian Divan (body of work) is at least five times longer than his Urdu Divan, his fame rests on his poetry in Urdu. Today, Ghalib remains popular not only in South Asia, but also among the South Asian diaspora.
Iterated function
In mathematics, an iterated function is a function that is obtained by composing another function with itself two or several times. The process of repeatedly applying the same function is called iteration. In this process, starting from some initial object, the result of applying a given function is fed again into the function as input, and this process is repeated.

For example, on the image on the right:

Iterated functions are studied in computer science, fractals, dynamical systems, mathematics and renormalization group physics.

Function composition
In mathematics, the composition operator  takes two functions,  and , and returns a new function .  When the composite function  (pronounced " of ") is evaluated at an input , the result is . That is, the function  is applied after applying  to .

The composition of functions is a special case of the composition of relations, sometimes also denoted by . As a result, all properties of composition of relations are true of composition of functions, such as associativity.
Puck (Marvel Comics)
Puck is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He is a member of Alpha Flight, in the Marvel Universe. A daughter of his has also adopted the name Puck and Alpha Flight membership.

Alpha Flight
Alpha Flight is a fictional team of Canadian superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The characters premiered in The Uncanny X-Men #120 (April 1979), and were created to serve as part of the X-Men member Wolverine's backstory. Marvel published an Alpha Flight comic book series from 1983 to 1994. The team serves as Marvel's premier Canadian superhero team akin to America's Avengers.
Santa Caterina, Palermo
Santa Caterina d'Alessandria or Saint Catherine of Alexandria is a Roman Catholic church with a main facade on Piazza Bellini, and a lateral Western facade facing the elaborate Fontana Pretoria, in the historic quarter of Kalsa in the city of Palermo, region of Sicily, Italy. In front of the main facade, across the piazza Bellini, rise the older churches of San Cataldo and Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio (or the Martorana), while across Piazza Pretoria is the Theatine church of San Giuseppe and the entrance to the Quattro Canti. Refurbished over the centuries, the church retains elements and decorations from the Renaissance, Baroque, and late-Baroque (Rococo) eras. This church is distinct from the Oratorio di Santa Caterina found in the Olivella neighborhood.

Fontana Pretoria
The Praetorian Fountain (Italian: Fontana Pretoria) is a monumental fountain located in Piazza Pretoria in the historic center of Palermo, region of Sicily, Italy. The fountain dominates the piazza on the west flank of the church of Santa Caterina, and is one block south of the intersection of the Quattro Canti. The fountain was originally built in 1544 in Florence by Francesco Camilliani, but was sold, transferred, and reassembled in Palermo in 1574.
Usman Serajuddin
ʿUthmān Sirāj ad-Dīn al-Bangālī  (Arabic: عثمان سراج الدين البنغالي; 1258-1357), known affectionately by followers as Akhi Siraj (Bengali: আখি সিরাজ), was a 14th-century Bengali Muslim scholar. He was a Sufi belonging to the Chishti Order and was a disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya of Delhi. As one of the senior disciples of Nizāmuddīn Auliyā, he spent long years with him in Delhi and earned the sobriquet of Āinā-e-Hind (Persian: آینه هند Mirror of India). His shrine, the Pirana Pir Dargah in Gaur, West Bengal, attracts hundreds of thousands of devotees every year. Siraj and his successor, Alaul Haq, are credited with the rise to prominence of the Chishti order in Bengal.

Alaul Haq
Alā ul-Ḥaq wa ad-Dīn ʿUmar ibn As`ad al-Khālidī al-Bangālī (Arabic: علاء الحق والدين عمر بن أسعد الخالدي البنغالي), commonly known as Alaul Haq (Bengali: আলাউল হক) or reverentially by the sobriquet Ganj-e-Nābāt (Persian: گنج نابات, Bengali: গঞ্জে নাবাত), was a 14th-century Islamic scholar of Bengal. Posted in Hazrat Pandua, he was the senior disciple and successor of Akhi Siraj, and a Bengal Sultanate government official.
Anderson Road, Hong Kong
Anderson Road (Chinese: 安達臣道) is a road on the eastern border of the New Territories and New Kowloon in Hong Kong. It starts near the junction of Clear Water Bay Road and New Clear Water Bay Road, above Shun Lee Estate, then continues southeast to Tseng Lan Shue (井欄樹) and eastward through the hills above Sau Mau Ping, and finally ends at Po Lam Road (寶琳路) in Ma Yau Tong.

Ma Yau Tong
Ma Yau Tong (Chinese: 馬游塘) is an area on a mountain pass between Po Lam of Tseung Kwan O New Town and Sau Mau Ping of New Kowloon in Hong Kong. It is named after the village of the same name. It is known as Lau Tong and Ma Lau Tong in early 20th Century maps. Ma Yau Tong is on the border of New Kowloon and the New Territories.

Ma Yau Tong Au (馬游塘坳) is a specific name for the mountain pass in the area.
Mike Mitchell (actor)
Michael Donovan Mitchell (born October 6, 1982) is an American actor, comedian, and writer best known as a member of The Birthday Boys sketch comedy group. He is also known for his roles as Randy Monahan on the Netflix series Love, and Cowan in the Amazon Prime Video film The Tomorrow War. He currently co-hosts the podcast Doughboys (with comedian and writer Nick Wiger), which reviews and discusses chain restaurants.

Nick Wiger
Nicholas Frank Wiger (born August 28, 1980) also known as Tiger Wiger, is an American comedian, improviser, podcast personality, and television writer. He is the co-host (with actor and comedian Mike Mitchell) of the popular weekly podcast Doughboys, which reviews chain restaurants with guests and includes additional segments centered around snack food and related topics. He is also the co-host (with Heather Anne Campbell and Matt Apodaca) of Get Played (formerly How Did This Get Played?), a podcast about video games.

As a television writer, Wiger's extensive career spans a wide range of work including the FOX sketch show Party Over Here (where he was head writer), Sarah Silverman's I Love You, America, the Comedy Central game show @midnight, and Comedy Bang! Bang!
Gertrud Lutz-Fankhauser
Gertrud Lutz-Fankhauser (7 March 1911 – 29 June 1995) was a Swiss humanitarian activist.  For a quarter of a century she undertook work for the UNICEF, serving in successively more senior capacities between the organisation's foundation and 1966.  She then served between 1966 and 1971, as UNICEF vice-president and director for Europe and North Africa.

Her nomination, jointly with her ex-husband, in 1964 as Switzerland's first two "Righteous Among the Nations" related to an earlier stage in her life however:  it was a recognition of the couple's role in rescuing an estimated 62,000 Jews from slaughter during her husband's posting as the Swiss vice-consul in Budapest, and following the invasion of Hungary by the forces of Nazi Germany in March 1944.

Carl Lutz
Carl Lutz (30 March 1895 – 12 February 1975) was a Swiss diplomat. He served as the Swiss Vice-Consul in Budapest, Hungary, from 1942 until the end of World War II. He is credited with saving over 62,000 Jews during the Second World War in possibly the largest rescue operation of the Holocaust.

Due to his actions, half of the Jewish population of Budapest survived and were not deported to Nazi extermination camps during the Holocaust. He was awarded the title of Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem.
Suzyn Waldman
Suzyn Waldman (born September 7, 1946) is an American sportscaster and former musical theater actress.  Since the 2005 season, she has been the color commentator for New York Yankees baseball, working with John Sterling, Justin Shackil and Dave Sims on radio broadcasts, first for WCBS-AM and currently for WFAN in New York City.

John Sterling (sportscaster)
John Sterling (né Sloss; born July 4, 1938) is an American retired sportscaster, best known as the radio play-by-play announcer of the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball from 1989 to 2024. Sterling called 5,060 consecutive Yankees games from 1989 to 2019.
Discordia
In Roman mythology, Discordia is the Roman equivalent of the Greek Eris, goddess of strife and discord. She was the daughter of Nox (Night) and Erebus. Like Eris, Discordia has no mythology other than her involvement in the Judgement of Paris.

Unlike her opposite Concordia, Discordia was not a cult goddess, but simply a literary personification, and like Eris was especially associated with the strife and discord in war. She was, in particular, associated with Roman civil war.

Eris (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Eris (Ancient Greek: Ἔρις, romanized: Eris, lit. 'Strife') is the goddess and personification of strife and discord, particularly in war, and in the Iliad (where she is the "sister" of Ares the god of war). According to Hesiod she was the daughter of primordial Nyx (Night), and the mother of a long list of undesirable personified abstractions, such as Ponos (Toil), Limos (Famine), Algea (Pains) and Ate (Delusion). Eris initiated a quarrel between Hera, Athena and Aphrodite, which led to the Judgement of Paris and ultimately the Trojan War.  Eris's Roman equivalent is Discordia. According to Hesiod, there was another Eris, separate and distinct from Eris the daughter of Nyx, who was beneficial to men.
Filicudi
Filicudi (Italian pronunciation: [filiˈkuːdi]) is one of seven islands that make up the Aeolian archipelago, situated 46 km (29 mi) northeast of the island of Sicily, Southern Italy.  It is a frazione of the comune of Lipari.

Aeolian Islands
The Aeolian Islands (/iːˈoʊliən/ ee-OH-lee-ən; Italian: Isole Eolie [ˈiːzole eˈɔːlje]; Sicilian: Ìsuli Eoli), sometimes referred to as the Lipari Islands or Lipari group (/ˈlɪpəri/ LIP-ər-ee, Italian: [ˈliːpari]) after their largest island, are a volcanic archipelago in the Tyrrhenian Sea north of Sicily, said to be named after Aeolus, the mythical ruler of the winds. The islands' inhabitants are known as Aeolians (Italian: Eoliani). The islands had a permanent population of 14,224 at the 2011 census; the latest official estimate is 15,419 as of 1 January 2019. The Aeolian Islands are a popular tourist destination in the summer and attract up to 600,000 visitors annually.

There are seven significant islands: Lipari, Vulcano, Salina, Stromboli, Filicudi, Alicudi and Panarea, and a set of minor islands and rocks.
Shi Hongzhao
Shi Hongzhao (Chinese: 史弘肇) (died December 24, 950), courtesy name Huayuan (化元), formally the Prince of Zheng (鄭王) (as posthumously honored during Later Zhou), was a major general of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period Later Han state. Shi was one of the key officials that Later Han's founding emperor Liu Zhiyuan (Emperor Gaozu) left in charge of the government during the youth of his son and successor Liu Chengyou (Emperor Yin), but Liu Chengyou eventually tired of these officials' governance and had Shi killed, along with Yang Bin and Wang Zhang.

Liu Zhiyuan
Liu Zhiyuan (Chinese: 劉知遠) (March 4, 895 – March 10, 948), later changed to Liu Gao (劉暠), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Gaozu of Later Han (後漢高祖), was the founding emperor of the Shatuo-led Chinese Later Han dynasty, the fourth of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He was the older brother of the Northern Han founder Liu Min (Emperor Shizu).
Loss exchange ratio
Loss exchange ratio is a figure of merit in attrition warfare, and is generally defined as the ratio of the losses (e.g., casualties) sustained by each side in a conflict. It is usually relevant to a condition or state of war where one side depletes the resources of another through attrition. Specifically and most often used as a comparator in aerial combat, where it is known as a kill-ratio.

Attrition warfare
Attrition warfare is a form of military strategy in which one side attempts to gradually wear down its opponent to the point of collapse by inflicting continuous losses in personnel, materiel, and morale. The term attrition is derived from the Latin word atterere, meaning "to wear down" or "to rub against", reflecting the grinding nature of the strategy.
Monarto South, South Australia
Monarto South is a locality in South Australia 16 km (9.9 mi) west of the Murray River and 65 km (40 mi) south east by road from Adelaide. The Monarto South railway station is north of the South Eastern Freeway between the Callington and Murray Bridge exits, but the locality spans south of the freeway to Chaunceys Line Road and Ferries McDonald Conservation Park.

In the late 1970s Monarto Junction (or "New Murray Town") was proposed to be the site of a new satellite city of Adelaide. By the turn of the century the proposal had been completely abandoned.

Monarto South took its name from the cadastral Hundred of Monarto (established 1847) centred on the original township of Monarto to the north. The name of the hundred was after "Queen Monarto", an aboriginal woman (spouse of a tribal leader) who lived in the area at the time of its proclamation.

Monarto, South Australia
Monarto is a locality in South Australia 16 km (9.9 mi) west of the Murray River. It is north of the South Eastern Freeway between the Callington and Murray Bridge exits 63 km from Adelaide.

The most common employment in Monarto is raising cows, sheep and hay. Crops in the area include wheat, oats and barley.

In the 1970s Monarto was proposed to be the site of a new satellite city of Adelaide originally known as "New Murray Town". By the turn of the century the proposal had been completely abandoned.
Tokyo Metro 10000 series
The Tokyo Metro 10000 series (東京メトロ10000系, Tōkyō Metoro 10000-kei) is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated on the Yurakucho and Fukutoshin subway lines of Tokyo Metro in Japan since 2006.

Yūrakuchō Line (Tokyo Metro)
The Yūrakuchō Line (有楽町線, Yūrakuchō-sen) is a subway line in Japan owned and operated by Tokyo Metro. The line connects Wakōshi Station in Wakō, Saitama and Shin-Kiba Station in Kōtō, Tokyo. On maps, diagrams and signboards, the line is shown using the color "gold", and its stations are given numbers using the letter "Y".

The line was named after the Yūrakuchō business district in Chiyoda, Tokyo. The proper name as given in an annual report of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport is Line No. 8 Yūrakuchō Line (8号線有楽町線, Hachi-gō-sen Yūrakuchō-sen). According to the Tokyo urban transportation plan, however, it is more complicated. The line number assigned to the section south from Kotake-Mukaihara to Shin-Kiba is Line 8, but that north of Kotake-Mukaihara to Wakōshi is Line 13, which indicates the section is a portion of Fukutoshin Line which shares the same number.
Baltica
Baltica is a paleocontinent that formed in the Paleoproterozoic and now constitutes northwestern Eurasia, or Europe north of the Trans-European Suture Zone and west of the Ural Mountains.
The thick core of Baltica, the East European Craton, is more than three billion years old and formed part of the Rodinia supercontinent at c. 1 Ga.

Trans-European Suture Zone
The Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ), also known as the Tornquist Zone, is the crustal boundary between the Precambrian East European Craton and the Phanerozoic orogens of South-Western Europe. The zone runs from the North Sea to the Black Sea. The north-western part of the zone was created by the collision of Avalonia and Baltica/East European Craton in the Late Ordovician. The south-eastern part of the zone, now largely concealed by deep sedimentary basins, developed through Variscan and Alpine orogenic events.

Various branches of the TESZ go under different names:

The Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone (TTZ) in Ukraine and Poland.

The Sorgenfrei-Tornquist Zone (STZ) through Scania (Sweden), Kattegat, and North Jutland (Denmark).

The Trans-European Fault (TEF), Thor-Tornquist Suture or Thor Suture through southern Denmark.

The latter two branches (STZ and TEF) span a triangular area of numerous faults, called the Tornquist Fan.
Elin Rosseland
Elin Rosseland (born 5 April 1959 in Norway) is a singer, bandleader, and composer who studied at the Norwegian Academy of Music and is known from collaborations with Vigleik Storaas, Johannes Eick, Sidsel Endresen, Eldbjørg Raknes, Christian Wallumrød, and Johannes Eick.

Eldbjørg Raknes
Eldbjørg Raknes (born 9 February 1970 in Midsund Municipality, Norway) is a Norwegian jazz vocalist known for her a cappella vocal performances, innovative improvised vocals and electronic effects. She has collaborated with musicians such as Jon Balke, Anders Jormin, Bendik Hofseth, Christian Wallumrød, Arve Henriksen, Ketil Bjørnstad, and Ståle Storløkken. She is the sister of the bassist Steinar Raknes.
CFWM-FM
CFWM-FM (99.9 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It is owned by Bell Media and airs an adult hits format branded as Bounce 99.9. The studios and offices are at 1445 Pembina Highway, Winnipeg, with sister station CKMM-FM. The transmitter is on Road 54 Northeast, off McGillivray Boulevard, near Oak Bluff.

CKMM-FM
CKMM-FM (103.1 MHz) is a contemporary hit radio station owned by Bell Media, branded as 103.1 Virgin Radio. The station broadcasts from 1445 Pembina Highway, Winnipeg, Manitoba, with sister station CFWM-FM, while its transmitter is located at Duff Roblin Provincial Park.
Mwaro Province
Mwaro Province was one of the provinces of Burundi. Its capital was Mwaro. In 2025, it was merged into Gitega Province.

Mwaro Province was one of two provinces that were created in 1999 as a result of splitting the Muramvya Province; the other province retained the name of Muramvya.

Muramvya Province
Muramvya Province was one of the provinces of Burundi. The capital city was Muramvya. In 2007 the province was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List. In 2025, the province was merged into the new Gitega Province.