hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Competitive equilibrium
Competitive equilibrium (also called: Walrasian equilibrium) is a concept of economic equilibrium, introduced by Kenneth Arrow and Gérard Debreu in 1951, appropriate for the analysis of commodity markets with flexible prices and many traders, and serving as the benchmark of efficiency in economic analysis. It relies crucially on the assumption of a competitive environment where each trader decides upon a quantity that is so small compared to the total quantity traded in the market that their individual transactions have no influence on the prices. Competitive markets are an ideal standard by which other market structures are evaluated.

Economic equilibrium
In economics, economic equilibrium is a situation in which the economic forces of supply and demand are balanced, meaning that economic variables will no longer change.

Market equilibrium in this case is a condition where a market price is established through competition such that the amount of goods or services sought by buyers is equal to the amount of goods or services produced by sellers. This price is often called the competitive price or market clearing price and will tend not to change unless demand or supply changes, and quantity is called the "competitive quantity" or market clearing quantity.
Alexandre Tichonov
Alexandre Tichonov is a former rugby union international who represented the Soviet Union in the 1980s and early 1990s. He had the distinction of being asked to play for the Barbarians on their Easter 1990 tour of Wales and was one of two Soviet players, along with Igor Mironov to play in the Rest of Europe XV in 1990 against the Four Home Unions XV at Twickenham Stadium.

Four Home Unions v Rest of Europe
Four Home Unions v Rest of Europe was a rugby union match played in 1990 to raise money for the rebuilding of Romania following the overthrow of Nicolae Ceaușescu in December 1989.  The Four Home Unions team's logo was that used by the British & Irish Lions. The Rest of Europe played under the badge of the Romanian Rugby Federation. The match was played at Twickenham, and the Four Home Unions won the match 43–18 with England captain Will Carling scoring two tries. The winners were awarded The Skilball Trophy.
Glutaraldehyde
Glutaraldehyde is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)3(CHO)2.  The molecule consists of a five carbon chain doubly terminated with formyl (CHO) groups.  It is usually used as a solution in water, and such solutions exists as a collection of hydrates, cyclic derivatives, and condensation products, several of which interconvert. Because the molecule has two aldehyde functional groups, glutaraldehyde (and its hydrates) can crosslink substances with primary amine groups, through condensation. Crosslinking can rigidify and deactivate proteins and other molecules that are critical for normal biological function, such as DNA, and so glutaraldehyde solutions are effective biocides and fixatives.  It is sold under the brandnames Cidex and Glutaral. As a disinfectant, it is used to sterilize surgical instruments.

Fixation (histology)
In the fields of histology, pathology, and cell biology, fixation is the preservation of biological tissues from decay due to autolysis or putrefaction. It terminates any ongoing biochemical reactions and may also increase the treated tissues' mechanical strength or stability. Tissue fixation is a critical step in the preparation of histological sections, its broad objective being to preserve cells and tissue components and to do this in such a way as to allow for the preparation of thin, stained sections. This allows the investigation of the tissues' structure, which is determined by the shapes and sizes of such macromolecules (in and around cells) as proteins and nucleic acids.
James W. Kelly Jr.
James Whyte Kelly Jr. (1911–1990) was an American Republican Party politician who was Mayor of East Orange, New Jersey from 1958 to 1970. He held a number of other civic positions, including being president of the New Jersey Council of Mayors.

Mayor of East Orange, New Jersey
East Orange, New Jersey is governed under the City form of New Jersey municipal government. The government consists of a mayor and a city council made up of ten members, two representing each of the city's five geographic political subdivisions called wards. The mayor is elected directly by the voters. The ten members of the city council are elected to four-year terms on a staggered basis, with one seat in each ward coming up for election every other year.
Dinamo Zugdidi
FC Dinamo Zugdidi was a Georgian football club based in Zugdidi. In 2023, after being accused of match-fixing and expelled from the Erovnuli Liga 2 the previous season, the club took part in Liga 4 and stopped functioning following their relegation to Regionuli Liga.

2022 Erovnuli Liga 2
The 2022 Erovnuli Liga 2 was the sixth season under its current title and the 34th season of second-tier football in Georgia. The four-round competition began on 1 March and ended on 2 December with playoffs completed on 12 December.
Harriston, Ontario
Harriston (population 1,797) is a community in the Town of Minto in Wellington County, Ontario, Canada. In 1999, Harriston was amalgamated with the communities of Palmerston, Clifford, and Minto Township to form the Town of Minto. Harriston is located at the headwaters of the Maitland River, and has several shops, restaurants, a library, an art gallery and cultural centre.

Minto, Ontario
Minto is a town in midwestern Ontario, Canada, on the Maitland River in Wellington County.  Minto is the western terminus of Highway 9. It is named for Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto; 8th Governor General of Canada.

The Town of Minto was formed in 1999 through the amalgamation of the Township of Minto, the Towns of Harriston and Palmerston along with the Village of Clifford.
Diradical
In chemistry, a diradical is a molecular species with two electrons occupying molecular orbitals (MOs) which are degenerate. The term "diradical" is mainly used to describe organic compounds, where most diradicals are extremely reactive and non-Kekulé molecules that are rarely isolated. Diradicals are even-electron molecules but have one fewer bond than the number permitted by the octet rule.

Examples of diradical species can also be found in coordination chemistry, for example among bis(1,2-dithiolene) metal complexes.

Non-Kekulé molecule
A non-Kekulé molecule is a conjugated hydrocarbon that cannot be assigned a classical Kekulé structure.

Since non-Kekulé molecules have two or more formal charges or 
radical centers, their spin-spin interactions can cause electrical conductivity or ferromagnetism (molecule-based magnets), and applications to functional materials are expected. However, as these molecules are quite reactive and most of them are easily decomposed or polymerized at room temperature, strategies for stabilization are needed for their practical use. Synthesis and observation of these reactive molecules are generally accomplished by matrix-isolation methods.
Tim Terry
Timothy L. Terry (born July 26, 1974) is an American football executive and former linebacker who is the vice president of player personnel for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He has previously spent 13 years in the Green Bay Packers scouting department ending his tenure as an assistant director of player personnel. He played college football for the Temple Owls and signed as an undrafted free agent with the Cincinnati Bengals in 1997. He also played for the Kansas City Chiefs and Seattle Seahawks. Terry also played one year in the Canadian Football League as a member of the 1999 Grey Cup champion Hamilton Tiger-Cats.

Temple Owls football
The Temple Owls football team represents Temple University in the sport of college football. The Temple Owls compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision as a member of the American Conference. They play their home games at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia.

The Owls were a football-only member of the Big East Conference from 1991 until 2004. Temple was expelled from the league due to a lack of commitment to the football program from university officials. Temple played the 2005 and 2006 seasons as an independent before playing in the Mid-American Conference (MAC) from 2007 to 2011.

In March 2012, the Owls rejoined the Big East Conference, with football membership beginning in the 2012 season and all other sports beginning conference play in 2013. After several basketball-only schools split off to form a new conference that kept the Big East name, Temple remained in the reorganized American Athletic Conference.
April 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
April 27 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - April 29

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on May 11 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For April 28th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on April 15.

April 29 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
April 28 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - April 30

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on May 12 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For April 29th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on April 16.
Aleppo Room
The Aleppo Room (Arabic: الغرفة الحلبيَّة, romanized: al-Ġurfah al-Ḥalabiyyah) is the paneling of a reception room, or qa’a, from a residential building in Aleppo, Syria. The wooden panels now form part of the collections of the Museum of Islamic Art section of the Pergamon Museum, on Berlin's Museum Island.

The panels found their way to Germany after the Wakil family sold them in 1912 to Mrs. Mary Koch, who then donated them to the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. Currently, the panels are displayed in the "Aleppian Hall" in the Islamic section of the museum.

Bayt Wakil house is situated in Al-Jdayde quarter on Sissi Street in Aleppo. It includes two attached houses that are best known for this intricate wooden paneling. The Aleppo Room paneling were carved by a Persian artist in 1603, including painted depictions of Christian scenes featuring the Virgin Mary, Christ and his disciples.

Pergamon Museum
The Pergamon Museum (German: Pergamonmuseum; pronounced [ˈpɛʁ.ɡa.mɔn.muˌzeː.ʊm] ⓘ) is a listed building on the Museum Island in the historic centre of Berlin, Germany. It was built from 1910 to 1930 by order of Emperor Wilhelm II and according to plans by Alfred Messel and Ludwig Hoffmann in Stripped Classicism style.  As part of the Museum Island complex, the Pergamon Museum was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1999 because of its architecture and testimony to the evolution of museums as architectural and social phenomena.

Prior to its closing in 2023, the Pergamon Museum was home to the Antikensammlung, including the famous Pergamon Altar, the Vorderasiatisches Museum and the Museum für Islamische Kunst.

In October 2023, the museum was completely closed for visitors, and is expected to remain mostly closed for 14 to 20 years – until 2037 to 2043 – for the execution of comprehensive renovation works. Its North Wing is expected to reopen in 2027.
Astra 5B
Astra 5B (now called Astra 3C) is one of the Astra communications satellites owned and operated by SES. It was launched as SES' 56th satellite in March 2014, to the newest of the Astra orbital positions for direct-to-home (DTH) satellite television, at 31.5° East for DTH, DTT and cable use in Eastern Europe,.

The satellite replaced the Astra 1G satellite at 31.5° East, which was itself filling in at that position after the loss of the Astra 5A satellite (originally called Sirius 2) in 2009, Astra 2C was first used at 31.5° East to replace Astra 5A, with Astra 1G positioned there in 2010.

Astra 5B was the third satellite to be launched of four ordered together by SES from Astrium (now Airbus Defence and Space) in 2009. The similar Astra 2E and Astra 2F were launched to Astra 28.2°E before Astra 5B in 2013 and 2012, respectively, and the fourth, Astra 2G was launched later, in 2014.

Astra 31.5°E
Astra 31.5°E is the name for the group of Astra communications satellites co-located at the 31.5° east position in the Clarke Belt owned and operated by SES based in Betzdorf, Luxembourg. 31.5° east is SES' newest orbital location serving Europe (the others being at 19.2° east, 28.2° east, 23.5° east, and 5° east).

The first satellites to commercially exploit this position were the Astra 5A and Astra 1D craft, which provided for services downlinking in the 10.70 GHz-12.50 GHz range of the Ku band across Europe, Western Russia and the Middle East.
1939 Nazi rally at Madison Square Garden
On February 20, 1939, a Nazi rally took place at Madison Square Garden, organized by the German American Bund. More than 20,000 people attended, and Fritz Julius Kuhn was a featured speaker. The Bund billed the event, which took place two days before George Washington's Birthday, as a pro-"Americanism" rally; the stage at the event featured a huge portrait of George Washington with swastikas on each side. Anti-Nazi counter-protesters gathered outside and on three occasions attempted to break through lines of police officers guarding the rally.

The power of the Bund rapidly declined after the rally. This was not due to the outbreak of World War II, but due to Kuhn being imprisoned for embezzlement by the end of the year and his successors being prosecuted for espionage.

Fritz Julius Kuhn
Fritz Julius Kuhn (May 15, 1896 – December 14, 1951) was a German Nazi activist who served as the elected leader of the German American Bund, a German-American Nazi organization before World War II. He became a naturalized United States citizen in 1934, though his citizenship was revoked in 1943 owing to his status as a foreign agent of Nazi Germany. Kuhn served prison time for larceny and forgery from 1939 to 1943 and, upon release, was immediately interned by the United States government as an enemy agent. He was deported in 1945 and later served further prison time in post-war Germany before dying in 1951.
Rafael de la Fuente
Rafael de la Fuente (born 11 November 1986) is a Venezuelan-born American actor and singer. He is known for his roles in the fantasy television series Grachi (2011–2013) and the soap opera reboot Dynasty (2017–2022) as Sam "Sammy Jo" Jones. His other notable role was in the first and second seasons of the drama series Empire (2015–2016).

Sammy Jo Carrington
Samantha Josephine "Sammy Jo" Carrington (maiden name Dean) is a fictional character on the ABC television series Dynasty, created by Richard and Esther Shapiro. The niece of central protagonist Krystle Carrington (Linda Evans), Sammy Jo marries and has a son with Steven Carrington (Al Corley, later Jack Coleman).

Originated by actress Heather Locklear during the series' second season in 1981, Sammy Jo was a recurring character until the end of the fifth season in 1985, after which Locklear was promoted to a permanent cast member. The character remained on the series until its finale in 1989, with Locklear reprising her role for the 1991 miniseries Dynasty: The Reunion.

In The CW's 2017 reboot of the series, actor Rafael de la Fuente portrays a gay male version of the character, named Sam "Sammy Jo" Jones.
Isadore H. Bellis
Isadore Harry Bellis (born Izsak Belostotsky; March 15, 1920 – May 29, 2003) was a Democratic politician in Philadelphia. Known in his youth as a tennis star, he later became a successful lawyer and entered politics. He was elected to the Philadelphia City Council in 1963 and served there for three terms, rising to become majority leader in 1972.

In Bellis’s third term, allegations of corruption led to two convictions for bribery and malfeasance in office. He was defeated for a fourth term and retired to Florida, where he continued to appeal his convictions, never actually serving a day of his two-to-seven-year sentence. In 1984, the Pennsylvania Superior Court ordered that he be given a new trial, but the charges were dropped the following year as a main witness against him had died. Bellis died in Florida in 2003.

1963 Philadelphia municipal election
The 1963 Philadelphia municipal election, held on November 5, involved contests for mayor, all seventeen city council seats, and several other executive and judicial offices. The Democrats lost vote share citywide and the Republicans gained one seat in City Council, but the Democratic acting mayor, James Tate, was elected to a full term and his party maintained their hold on the city government. The election was the first decline in the Democrats' share of the vote since they took control of the city government in the 1951 elections, and showed the growing tension between the reformers and ward bosses within their party.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Montalcino
The Diocese of Montalcino (Latin: Dioecesis Ilcinensis) was a Roman Catholic diocese located in the town of Montalcino to the west of Pienza, close to the Crete Senesi in Val d'Orcia in Tuscany, Italy. In 1986, it was suppressed and united with the Diocese of Colle di Val d'Elsa and the Archdiocese of Siena to form the Archdiocese of Siena-Colle di Val d'Elsa-Montalcino.

Archdiocese of Siena–Colle di Val d'Elsa–Montalcino
The Archdiocese of Siena-Colle di Val d'Elsa-Montalcino (Latin: Archidioecesis Senensis-Collensis-Ilcinensis) is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Tuscany. The seat of the archbishop is the Cathedral of the Assumption in Siena. Until 1459, the diocese was immediately subject to the Holy See (Papacy), and its bishops attended the Roman synods.  In 1459, Pope Pius II made Siena a metropolitan archbishopric.
North American P-64
The North American P-64 was the designation assigned by the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) to the North American Aviation NA-68 fighter, an upgraded variant of the NA-50 developed during the late 1930s. It was designed as a low-cost fighter for the export market. Seven NA-50s were purchased by the Peruvian Air Force, which nicknamed it Torito ("Little Bull").

Six NA-68s ordered by the Royal Thai Air Force were seized before export by the US government in 1941, after the Franco-Thai War and growing ties between Thailand and the Empire of Japan. These aircraft were used by the USAAC as unarmed fighter trainers.

The Peruvian NA-50s subsequently saw action during the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War of 1941.

North American A-27
The North American Aviation A-27 is an attack version of the North American T-6 Texan. Ten aircraft were ordered by Thailand as NA-69 light attack aircraft.

Instead of being delivered to Thailand, the aircraft were taken over in October 1940 by the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) to keep them out of Japanese hands and redesignated A-27 under the USAAC aircraft designation system. Assigned to Nichols Field in the Philippines and used as a trainer, all A-27s were destroyed within a month during the Japanese invasion of that country during World War II.
Den Nye By
Den Nye By is the debut album by Faroese alternative rock band The Dreams, released on February 8, 2008. Published by Apache Records and recorded in the Chief Management Studio. Produced by Chief 1 (Lars Pedersen). The album comprises 11 songs all written in Danish.

Three successful singles were released from this album: "La' mig være", "Himlen Falder/Helvede Kalder" and "Backstabber".

The Dreams
The Dreams was a punk rock band from Tórshavn, Faroe Islands formed in 2006.

They were based in Denmark along with their producer Lars Pedersen. They also have had success in the Faroe Islands, and all across Europe.
Hoosier Hot Shots
The Hoosier Hot Shots were an American quartet of "rural rhythm" musicians who entertained on stage, screen, radio, and records from 1932 to 1979. The group inspired an entire musical genre of comic novelties that thrived during the 1930s and '40s.

In 1946 Variety commented on the appeal and longevity of "those old washboard-pounders The Hoosier Hot Shots, predecessors of Spike Jones, the Korn Kobblers, Freddie Fisher, etc. They've been peddling their own brand of corn via the airwaves for years now, so anybody who has the audacity to criticize their ear-blasting tintinnabulations has also got to be reminded that they've made a wonderful living out of it."

Spike Jones
Lindley Armstrong "Spike" Jones (December 14, 1911 – May 1, 1965) was an American musician, bandleader and conductor specializing in spoof arrangements and satire of popular songs and classical music. Ballads receiving the Jones treatment were punctuated with various sound effects, including gunshots, whistles, cowbells, hiccups, burps, sneezes, animal sounds and outlandish and comedic vocals. Jones and his band recorded for RCA Victor under the title Spike Jones and His City Slickers from the early 1940s to the mid-1950s, and they toured the United States and Canada as "The Musical Depreciation Revue".
Henninger Flats
Henninger Flats is a small hanging basin 2,600 feet (792.5 m) above sea level in the San Gabriel Mountains in the Angeles National Forest. It was part of the Mount Wilson Toll Road. The trailhead to reach the flats is at the top end of Eaton Canyon in Pasadena, California.

Mount Wilson Toll Road
The Mount Wilson Toll Road (1891–1936) is a historic roadway  which ascended Mount Wilson via a vehicular passable road from the base of the foothills in Altadena. It was accessible from Pasadena via Santa Anita Avenue (nowadays the north–south portion of Altadena Drive) which drove right to the front porch of the toll house. The road is still accessible to non-motorized traffic (hikers, bicyclists, and horses) by way of Eaton Canyon (either from the Nature Center entrance, or an access gate on Pinecrest Drive, just off Altadena Drive in Altadena). Segments of it have been closed at various times due to landslides. A 2005 landslide destroyed 50 yards of the road, but it has since been rebuilt and reopened.

Mount Wilson had always been active with human passage starting from the days of the local Native Americans. It was Benjamin Davis Wilson who established a proper trail to the summit of Mt. Wilson from Sierra Madre through the Little Santa Anita Canyon.
Dmitry of Suzdal
Dmitry Konstantinovich (Russian: Дмитрий Константинович; 1323–1383) was Prince of Suzdal and Grand Prince of Nizhny Novgorod-Suzdal from 1365. He took the title of Grand Prince of Vladimir from his son-in-law, Dmitry Donskoy, from 1360 to 1363. The famous Shuisky family descends from his eldest son, Vasily Kirdyapa.

Dmitry Donskoy
Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy (Russian: Дми́трий Ива́нович Донско́й; 12 October 1350 – 19 May 1389) was Prince of Moscow from 1359 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1363 until his death. He was the heir of Ivan II.

He was the first prince of Moscow to openly challenge Mongol authority in Russia. In traditional Russian historiography, he is regarded as a Russian national hero and a central figure of the Russian Middle Ages. His nickname, Donskoy ("of the Don"), alludes to his great victory against the Tatars in the Battle of Kulikovo (1380), which took place on the Don River. He is venerated as a saint in the Orthodox Church with his feast day on 19 May.