hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ddbar lemma
In complex geometry, the  lemma (pronounced ddbar lemma) is a mathematical lemma about the de Rham cohomology class of a complex differential form. The -lemma is a result of Hodge theory and the Kähler identities on a compact Kähler manifold. Sometimes it is also known as the -lemma, due to the use of a related operator , with the relation between the two operators being  and so .: 1.17 : Lem 5.50

Dolbeault cohomology
In mathematics, in particular in algebraic geometry and differential geometry, Dolbeault cohomology (named after Pierre Dolbeault) is an analog of de Rham cohomology for complex manifolds.  Let M be a complex manifold.  Then the Dolbeault cohomology groups  depend on a pair of integers p and q and are realized as a subquotient of the space of complex differential forms of degree (p,q).
William Gibbs (businessman)
William Gibbs (1790–1875) was an English businessman, best known as one of three founding partners in Antony Gibbs & Sons, a religious philanthropist, and the owner who developed Tyntesfield in Wraxall, North Somerset.

Antony Gibbs & Sons
Antony Gibbs & Sons was a British trading company, which was founded by Antony Gibbs in 1808 in London. The company's interests spanned trading in cloth, fruit, wine, guano, and nitrate, which led to it becoming involved in banking, shipping and insurance. Having been family-owned from its foundation, by the turn of the 20th century it was focused on banking and insurance rather than import and export.

Floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1973, it was bought by HSBC in 1981 and formed the basis of its insurance broking arm, now part of global insurance company Marsh McLennan.
Yakovlev Yak-44
The Yakovlev Yak-44 (Russian: Як-44) was a proposed twin-turboprop Airborne Early Warning (AEW) aircraft, resembling the United States Navy's E-2 Hawkeye, intended for use with the Soviet Navy's Ulyanovsk class supercarriers.  Along with the aircraft carrier it would have flown from, the Yak-44 was cancelled after the demise of the Soviet Union. A full-scale mockup with foldable wings was built.

Soviet aircraft carrier Ulyanovsk
Ulyanovsk (Russian: Улья́новск, IPA: [ʊˈlʲjanəfsk]), Soviet designation Project 1143.7, was a STOBAR aircraft carrier laid down at the now-defunct Black Sea Shipyard on 25 November 1988 as the first of a class of nuclear-powered supercarriers for the Soviet Navy. It was intended for the first ship to offer true blue water naval aviation capability for the Soviet Union, as the ship would have been equipped with two steam catapults that could launch heavier fixed-wing aircraft, representing a major advance over the comparatively smaller Kuznetsov class, which could only launch lighter/partly loaded aircraft via a bow ski-jump. However, construction of Ulyanovsk was stopped at about 40% due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, and the unfinished hull was later scrapped in early 1992.
Proprietary Articles Trade Association v Canada (AG)
Proprietary Articles Trade Association v Canada (AG), is a Canadian constitutional decision of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council on the Constitution's criminal law power under section 91(27).

Board of Commerce case
Re Board of Commerce Act 1919 and the Combines and Fair Prices Act 1919, commonly known as the Board of Commerce case, is a Canadian constitutional decision of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in which the "emergency doctrine" under the federal power of peace, order and good government was first created.
Workington (UK Parliament constituency)
Workington was a constituency in Cumbria represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.

Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was abolished. The town of Workington itself was combined with the majority of the also-abolished constituency of Copeland to form Whitehaven and Workington. The remainder, comprising the majority of the electorate, formed part of the new seat of Penrith and Solway.

Workington
Workington /ˈwɜːrkɪŋtən/ is a coastal port town and civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. The town is at the mouth of the River Derwent on the west coast, 32 miles (51 km) south-west of Carlisle and 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Whitehaven. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 25,448 and the built up area had a population of 21,275.
Cofinality
In mathematics, especially in order theory, the cofinality cf(A) of a partially ordered set A is the least of the cardinalities of the cofinal subsets of A. Formally,

This definition of cofinality relies on the axiom of choice, as it uses the fact that every non-empty set of cardinal numbers has a least member. The cofinality of a partially ordered set A can alternatively be defined as the least ordinal x such that there is a function from x to A with cofinal image. This second definition makes sense without the axiom of choice. If the axiom of choice is assumed, as will be the case in the rest of this article, then the two definitions are equivalent.

Cofinality can be similarly defined for a directed set and is used to generalize the notion of a subsequence in a net.

Club set
In mathematics, particularly in mathematical logic and set theory, a club set is a subset of a limit ordinal that is closed under the order topology, and is unbounded (see below) relative to the limit ordinal.  The name club is a contraction of "closed and unbounded".
Colombian chachalaca
The Colombian chachalaca (Ortalis columbiana) is a species of bird in the family Cracidae. It is endemic to the forests and woodlands in the inter-Andean valleys in Colombia. Colombian Chachalacas are frugivorous and lead an arboreal lifestyle. The large seeds they disperse through defecation support the maintenance of diverse tropical forests.

Cracidae
The chachalacas, guans, and curassows are birds in the family Cracidae. These are species of tropical and subtropical Central and South America. The range of one species, the plain chachalaca, just reaches southernmost parts of Texas in the United States. Two species, the Trinidad piping guan and the rufous-vented chachalaca occur on the islands of Trinidad and Tobago respectively.
Phillipe Cunningham
Phillipe M. Cunningham is a former city council member for Minneapolis Ward 4 and was the first transgender man of color to be elected to public office in the United States. Cunningham won the council position in the 2017 Minneapolis City Council election and lost it in the 2021 election.

2017 Minneapolis City Council election
The 2017 Minneapolis City Council election was held on November 7, 2017, to elect the members of the Minneapolis City Council. The political composition remained unchanged, with the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) retaining 12 seats and the Green Party of Minnesota one seat. Three DFL incumbents were defeated by intraparty opponents. The new City Council convened on January 8, 2018.
Otley
Otley is a market town and civil parish at a bridging point on the River Wharfe, in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough in West Yorkshire, England. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, the population was 13,668 at the 2011 census. It is in two parts: south of the river is the historic town of Otley and to the north is Newall, which was formerly a separate township. The town is in lower Wharfedale on the A660 road which connects  it to Leeds.

The town is in the Otley and Yeadon ward of Leeds City Council and the Leeds North West parliamentary constituency.

A660 road
The A660 is a major road in the Leeds and Bradford districts of West Yorkshire, England that runs from Leeds city centre to Burley-in-Wharfedale where it meets the A65. (The A65 also starts in Leeds and runs parallel to, and south of, the A660.  It continues to Ilkley, Skipton, Settle and Kendal as a main trans-Pennine route.) The A660 is approximately 10 miles (16 km) long, and crosses the watershed from Airedale to lower Wharfedale.  For most of its length the road is in the metropolitan district of the City of Leeds; the last 0.4 miles (0.6 km) is in City of Bradford district.
X & Hell
X & Hell or Weapon X & Ken Hell are an Australian electro-rap group, consisting of producer and vocalist, Weapon X (a.k.a. Xavier Millis), vocalist, Ken Hell (a.k.a. Daivin Verduci) and DJ and turntablist, A-Style. They issued two albums, Sneakerpimpin Aint Easy (2005) and Million Dollar Sex Party (2008). They were nominated for Best Urban Release in 2005 for "Otherman" and in 2006 for Sneakerpimpin Aint Easy. "Otherman" (July 2005), their debut single, reached No. 46 on the ARIA Singles Chart.

2005 ARIA Music Awards
The 19th Annual Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as ARIA Music Awards or simply The ARIAs) were held on 23 October 2005 at the Sydney SuperDome at the Sydney Olympic Park complex, thus continuing the previous year's innovation of televising the awards on Sunday evening. A varied cast of presenters included Merrick and Rosso (who opened the televised show), stand-up comic Dave Hughes, Gretel Killeen, David Hasselhoff, and Hamish & Andy.

On 14 July 2005 ARIA sought to create a separate standalone 'ARIA Icons: Hall of Fame' event as only one or two acts could be inducted under the old format due to time restrictions. Six acts were inducted into the Hall of Fame in July with an additional act inducted at the following ARIA Music Awards in October.
Roy McPipe
Roy Lee McPipe (born May 5, 1950) is a former American professional basketball player.

McPipe was born in Hammond, Indiana. A 6'3" guard from Eastern Montana College, McPipe played professional basketball with the American Basketball Association's Utah Stars in 1975, although his career consisted of only five regular-season ABA games. He had previously been drafted by the NBA in both 1973 (with the Los Angeles Lakers) and in 1974 (with the Washington Bullets) but decided to stay in school.

McPipe still holds the career scoring records of total points, points per game, and total field goals at Eastern Montana College (now known as Montana State University-Billings).

Montana State University Billings
Montana State University Billings (MSUB), also known as MSU Billings, is a public university in Billings, Montana, United States. It is the state's third largest university. Its campus is located on 110 acres in downtown Billings.  Formerly Eastern Montana Normal School at its founding in 1927, the Normal School changed its name to Eastern Montana College of Education in 1949. It was again renamed in 1965 as Eastern Montana College (EMC). It merged into the Montana University System in 1994 under its present name. Currently, the university offers over 100 specialized programs for certificates, associate, bachelor's, and master's degrees through the university's five colleges. The five colleges of Montana State University Billings are Liberal Arts & Social Sciences, Business, Health Professions and Science, Education, and City College.
Soikinsky Peninsula
The Soikinsky Peninsula (Russian: Сойкино, Finnish: Soikkola, Ingrian: Soikkola) in Kingiseppsky District, Leningrad Oblast, Russia projects out into the Gulf of Finland, separating the Luga Bay from the Koporye Bay.

Its name is derived from the Izhorian word for the peninsula, itself probably derived from a proper name.

The most populous village, also known as Soikino, was destroyed during World War II. Currently the main settlement is Vistino, which has a museum dedicated to the Izhorian heritage of the region. An oil terminal is slated to be constructed at Vistino, starting from 2009.

Ingrian language
Ingrian (inkeroin keeli, Soikkola: [ˈiŋɡ̊e̞roi̯ŋ ˈke̝ːlʲi]), also called Izhorian (ižoran keeli, Soikkola: [ˈiʒ̥o̞rɑŋ ˈke̝ːlʲi], Ala-Laukaa: [ˈiʒo̞rəŋ ˈkeːlʲ]), is a Finnic language spoken by the (mainly Orthodox) Izhorians of Ingria. It has approximately 70 native speakers left, most of whom are elderly.

The Ingrian language should be distinguished from the Ingrian dialect of the Finnish language, which became the majority language of Ingria in the 17th century with the influx of Lutheran Finnish immigrants; their descendants, the Ingrian Finns, are often referred to as Ingrians. The immigration of Lutheran Finns was promoted by Swedish authorities, who gained the area in 1617 from Russia, as the local population was (and remained) Orthodox.
Frank Cooper (civil servant)
Sir Frank Cooper, GCB, CMG, PC (2 December 1922 – 26 January 2002) was a British civil servant. He was the permanent under-secretary of state for the Northern Ireland Office and Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Defence.

Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Defence
The permanent under-secretary of state for defence, also called the permanent secretary to the Ministry of Defence, is the permanent secretary at the Ministry of Defence. The office holder is the government's principal civilian adviser on Defence matters. The office holder is a member of the Defence Council and the Defence Board. They are the MOD principal accounting officer, and are called to give evidence to the Defence Select Committee.

The position has existed in its current format since the formation of the modern Ministry of Defence in 1964. It was preceded by the permanent secretary at the earlier Ministry of Defence (1947–1964), and by the permanent secretaries at the government departments that were absorbed into the Ministry of Defence in 1964: the permanent secretary to the Admiralty, the permanent under-secretary of state for war, and the permanent secretary to the Air Ministry.

The current permanent secretary to the MOD is David Williams.
Wicken, Cambridgeshire
Wicken is a village near Soham in East Cambridgeshire, England. The village is on the edge of The Fens, 10 miles (16 kilometres) north east of Cambridge and 5 miles (8.0 kilometres) south of Ely. It is the site of Wicken Fen National Nature Reserve.

Wicken Fen
Wicken Fen is a 254.5-hectare (629-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest west of Wicken in Cambridgeshire. It is also a National Nature Reserve, and a Nature Conservation Review site. It is protected by international designations as a Ramsar wetland site of international importance, and part of the Fenland Special Area of Conservation under the Habitats Directive.

A large part of it is owned and managed by the National Trust.
It is one of Britain's oldest nature reserves, and was the first reserve cared for by the National Trust, starting in 1899. The first parcel of land for the reserve was donated to the Trust by Charles Rothschild in 1901. The reserve includes fenland, farmland, marsh, and reedbeds. Wicken Fen is one of only four wild fens that still survive in the enormous Great Fen Basin area of East Anglia. There  99.9% of the former fens have been replaced by arable cultivation.
Norman Safeground
Norman Safeground AS is a developer of data security software, such as anti-virus, anti-spam, anti-spyware and backup
with local support. The company headquarters is in Oslo, Norway. Norman Safeground has a global partner-network, and the main market is Europe.

Norman competes in the antivirus industry against Avira, BullGuard, F-Secure, Frisk, Kaspersky, McAfee, Panda Security, Sophos, Symantec and Trend Micro among others.

Antivirus software
Antivirus software (abbreviated to AV software), also known as anti-malware, is software intended to prevent, detect, and remove malware.

Antivirus software was originally developed to detect and remove computer viruses, hence the name. However, with the proliferation of other malware, antivirus software started to protect against other computer threats. Some products also include protection from malicious URLs, spam, and phishing.
Pirates II: Stagnetti's Revenge
Pirates II: Stagnetti's Revenge is a 2008 American pornographic action-adventure film and sequel to the 2005 film Pirates. Produced by Digital Playground, and written and directed by Joone, it stars Jesse Jane, Evan Stone, Steven St. Croix, and Tommy Gunn who reprise their roles from the first film, as well as Belladonna, Sasha Grey, Katsuni, Jenna Haze, and Ben English as new characters. Carmen Luvana, who played the central character of Isabella in the original Pirates, is absent from the sequel.

With a budget of $8 million, it is considered one of the most expensive adult films ever produced. It was released direct-to-DVD and Blu-ray on September 27, 2008. An edited R-rated version of the film is also available.

Jesse Jane
Jesse Jane (nee Cynthia Ann Howell July 16, 1980 – c. January 24, 2024) was an American pornographic film actress. She became one of the few adult film performers of the 2000s to make the transition into mainstream film and television roles.

Jane was an exclusive contract performer for Digital Playground between 2002 and 2014, starring in the Pirates series of pornographic films. She retired from the adult film industry in 2017 after a career spanning nearly two decades. She was a member of the NightMoves Hall of Fame, XRCO Hall of Fame, and the AVN Hall of Fame.
Abstract Rude
Aaron Pointer (born November 17, 1975), better known by his stage name Abstract Rude, is an American rapper from Los Angeles, California. Pointer's career began at Los Angeles' historical Good Life Cafe, a renowned open mic venue. He would practice his rapping every Thursday night at Good Life. He is also a member of the Project Blowed crew that emerged from the Good Life scene. He is the rapper of Abstract Tribe Unique, alongside dancers Zulu Butterfly and Irie Lion King, turntablist DJ Drez and producer Fat Jack. He is also a member of Haiku D'Etat with Myka 9 and Aceyalone, The A-Team with Aceyalone, and Code Name: Scorpion with Moka Only and Prevail. In 2009, he released the album Rejuvenation on Rhymesayers Entertainment. It was entirely produced by Vitamin D.

Haiku d'Etat
Haiku d'Etat is an indie hip-hop supergroup featuring Aceyalone and Myka 9 of Freestyle Fellowship and Abstract Rude of Abstract Tribe Unique. All three members are heavily affiliated with Project Blowed, Aceyalone and Abstract Rude being co-founders. The name "Haiku d'Etat" is a portmanteau of haiku and coup d'état, implying something akin to a musical revolution or a "poetic takeover" as one of their songs puts it.
Estonian Police
The Estonian Police (Estonian: Eesti Politsei) was the law enforcement agency of Estonia. It was subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior. In 2010, the organization was superseded by the Police and Border Guard Board.

Police and Border Guard Board
The Police and Border Guard Board (Estonian: Politsei- ja Piirivalveamet) is a unified national governmental agency within the Estonian Ministry of Interior and is responsible for law enforcement and internal security in the Republic of Estonia.

The main tasks of the agency are to ensure and protect the integrity of the Estonian state and, since May 1, 2004, also the European Union border within the territories of the Republic of Estonia; to secure the state borders and the European Union outer border within the territories of the Republic of Estonia, to monitor and identify citizenship, along with handling the documentation, to preserve law and civil order within the borders of the Republic of Estonia and to detect and prevent crime.
Ringworld series
The Ringworld series is a series of science fiction novels written by American author Larry Niven. It is part of his Known Space series of stories. Its backdrop is the Ringworld, a giant artifact 3 million times the surface area of Earth circling a star. The series is composed of four standalone science fiction novels, the original award-winning book and its three sequels:

1970: Ringworld

1979: The Ringworld Engineers

1996: The Ringworld Throne

2004: Ringworld's Children

The companion novels to the Ringworld series are set in the same "Known Space"  universe and all written by Niven and Edward M. Lerner:

2007: Fleet of Worlds

2008: Juggler of Worlds

2009: Destroyer of Worlds

2010: Betrayer of Worlds

2012: Fate of Worlds

Ringworld
Ringworld is a 1970 science fiction novel by Larry Niven, set in his Known Space universe and considered a classic of science fiction literature. Ringworld tells the story of Louis Wu and his companions on a mission to the Ringworld, an enormous rotating ring, an alien construct in space 186 million miles (299 million kilometres) in diameter. Niven later wrote three sequel novels and then cowrote, with Edward M. Lerner, four prequels and a final sequel; the five latter novels constitute the Fleet of Worlds series. All the novels in the Ringworld series tie into numerous other books set in Known Space. Ringworld won the Nebula Award in 1970, as well as both the Hugo Award and Locus Award in 1971.
Robert Hazen
Robert Miller Hazen (born November 1, 1948) is an American mineralogist and astrobiologist. He is a research scientist at the Carnegie Institution of Washington's Geophysical Laboratory and Clarence Robinson Professor of Earth Science at George Mason University, in the United States. Hazen is the Executive Director of the Deep Carbon Observatory.

Mineralogy
Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, and their utilization.
Goibniu
In Irish mythology, Goibniu (Old Irish pronunciation: [ˈɡoβʲnʲu]; Modern Irish: Gaibhne) was the metalsmith of the Tuatha Dé Danann. He is believed to have been a smithing god and is also associated with hospitality. His name is related to the Welsh Gofannon and the Gaulish Gobannus.

Nuada Airgetlám
In Irish mythology, Nuada or Nuadu (modern spelling: Nuadha), known by the epithet Airgetlám (Airgeadlámh, meaning "silver hand/arm"), was the first king of the Tuatha Dé Danann. He is also called Nechtan and Nuadu Necht, and is sometimes believed to be Elcmar, husband of Boann. He is mostly known from the tale in which he loses his arm or hand in battle, and thus his kingship, but regains it after being magically healed by Dian Cécht. Nuada is thought to have been a god and is related to the British and Gaulish god Nodens, who is associated with hunting and fishing. His Welsh equivalent is Nudd or Lludd Llaw Eraint.
SS British Corporal
British Corporal was a 6,972 GRT tanker that was built in 1922 by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company, Jarrow, Northumberland, United Kingdom. She was built for the British Tanker Company.

In 1940, she was damaged in an attack by German E-boats. She was transferred to the British Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) and renamed Empire Corporal. She returned to service in 1942 following repairs, but was torpedoed and sunk on 18 August by U-598 off the coast of Cuba.

German submarine U-598
German submarine U-598 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She carried out four patrols, was part of four wolfpacks and sank two ships; she also damaged one other.

The boat was sunk by depth charges from two US aircraft, off the Brazilian coast on 23 July 1943.