hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dottorato di ricerca
The dottorato di ricerca (research doctorate) is the highest Italian academic degree, the equivalent of a Ph.D.

The term dottore is frequently used in Italy to refer to any person with a university Laurea: thus, a person with a Laurea Magistrale uses the title "dottore magistrale" and a person with a Laurea uses the title of "dottore". Those unfamiliar with the Italian university system or the Italian use of titles should note that a "dottore" or "dottoressa" in an Italian context does not necessarily hold a Ph.D. Holders of the dottorato acquire the title of dottore di ricerca ("doctor of research"), also abbreviated to "Dott. Ric." or "Ph.D."

Laurea
In Italy, the laurea is the main post-secondary academic degree. The name originally referred literally to the laurel wreath, since ancient times a sign of honor and now worn by Italian students right after their official graduation ceremony and sometimes during the graduation party. A graduate is known as a laureato, literally "crowned with laurel" and is awarded the title of dottore, or Doctor.
Toritsukare Otoko
Toritsukare Otoko (トリツカレ男; lit. 'Obsessed Man') is a Japanese novel written by Shinji Ishii. The novel was originally published online through Biriken Shuppan in October 2001, and was later published in print by Shinchosha under their Shincho Bunko imprint in March 2006. A musical anime film adaptation produced by Shin-Ei Animation premiered in Japan in November 2025.

Shin-Ei Animation
Shin-Ei Animation Co., Ltd. (Japanese: シンエイ動画株式会社, Hepburn: Shīn'eī Dōga Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese animation studio owned by TV Asahi and founded in Tokyo in 1965 as A Production by Daikichirō Kusube, who was previously an animator for Toei Animation.
Kheyrgu District
Kheyrgu District (Persian: بخش خیرگو) is in Lamerd County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Kheyrgu, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 1,821 people in 523 households.

Kheyrgu
Kheyrgu (Persian: خيرگو) is a city in, and the capital of, Kheyrgu District of Lamerd County, Fars province, Iran. As a village, it was the capital of Kheyrgu Rural District until its capital was transferred to the village of Chahar Taq.
Metcalfe Jets
The Metcalfe Jets are a Junior "C" ice hockey team based out of Metcalfe, Ontario.  They initially played in Junior "B" out of the Eastern Ontario Junior Hockey League which was re-branded to the Central Canada Hockey League 2.  For the 2017-18 season the franchise became members of the National Capital Junior Hockey League.

Eastern Ontario Junior Hockey League
The Eastern Ontario Junior Hockey League is a junior ice hockey league operating in Eastern Ontario, Canada. The league is sanctioned by Hockey Eastern Ontario and Hockey Canada and acts as a junior B league to the Central Canada Hockey League.  The 13 member teams of the league compete for the Barkley Cup.  Dating back to the 1960s, the league was known until 2015 as the Eastern Ontario Junior B Hockey League. The League was known from 2015 to 2020 as the Central Canada Hockey League Tier 2.
Andy Scott (footballer, born 1972)
Andrew Scott (born 2 August 1972) is an English former professional footballer and manager.

During his playing career, Scott played in the Premier League and Football League for Brentford, Oxford United, Sheffield United and Leyton Orient as a forward and utility player. Upon his retirement in 2005, he entered coaching and later managed Brentford, Rotherham United and Aldershot Town. In 2015, he moved into scouting and backroom roles with Brentford, Watford, Swansea City, Nottingham Forest and Charlton Athletic.

Rob Scott (footballer)
Robert Scott (born 15 August 1973) is an English former professional footballer and manager who currently works as Head of Recruitment for Rotherham United as well as working for The Football Association within their Talent ID Education Department.

As a player, he was a defender from 1992 to 2008, notably in the Football League for Sheffield United, Scarborough, Northampton Town, Fulham, Carlisle United, Rotherham United, Oldham Athletic and Macclesfield Town. He also played in Non-league football for Sutton United and Halifax Town. After retiring from the playing side of the sport in 2008 he became joint manager of Ilkeston Town along with former teammate Paul Hurst. The pair later took over Boston United before joining Grimsby in 2011.
Carrollwood Village, Florida
Carrollwood Village is an unincorporated community in Hillsborough County, Florida, United States. Along with neighboring Carrollwood, it is part of the Carrollwood census-designated place. The ZIP codes for the community are 33624 and 33618. Carrollwood Village was its own census-designated place during the 1990 census, with a recorded population of 15,051.

Carrollwood (CDP), Florida
Carrollwood is a census-designated place (CDP) in northwestern Hillsborough County, Florida, United States. The census area includes the unincorporated communities of Carrollwood and Carrollwood Village. For the 2000 census the area was enumerated under the name "Greater Carrollwood". A similar area was listed as "Lake Carroll" in 1970 and 1980; for the 1990 census it was split into the smaller Carrollwood and Carrollwood Village CDPs. The population was 34,352 at the 2020 census.
Emily Helen Butterfield
Emily Helen Butterfield (August 4, 1884, Algonac, Michigan – March 22, 1958, Neebish Island) was a pioneer in the Michigan women's movement.

She was Michigan's first licensed female architect, one of the founders of the Alpha Gamma Delta sorority, active in Greek life, and a founding member of the Detroit Business Women's Club, the first professional women's club in the nation.

Algonac, Michigan
Algonac (/ˈɔːlɡəˌnæk/ AWL-gə-nack) is a city in St. Clair County of the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 4,196 at the 2020 census.

Incorporated as a village in 1867 and again as a city in 1967, Algonac is located at the southern end of the St. Clair River and contains a long boardwalk and riverfront park.  Algonac State Park is located just north of the city.  The city is also notable for the founding and headquarters of the now-defunct Chris-Craft Boats company.
Inside Mari
Inside Mari (Japanese: ぼくは麻理のなか, Hepburn: Boku wa Mari no Naka) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Shūzō Oshimi. It was serialized in Futabasha's  Manga Action from March 2012 to September 2016, and published in nine volumes. An eight-episode television drama adaptation from Fuji TV was released in March 2017.

Shūzō Oshimi
Shūzō Oshimi (押見 修造, Oshimi Shūzō; born 1981) is a Japanese manga artist and writer based in Tokyo who publishes works primarily for Kodansha. He made his debut with Superfly in Kodansha's Monthly Shōnen Magazine. He is best known for his manga Drifting Net Cafe (2009–2011), The Flowers of Evil (2009–2014), Happiness  (2015–2019), and Blood on the Tracks (2017–2023). His works have been adapted into many different media including television drama, anime, and live action film. In 2001, he won the Tetsuya Chiba Award.

Oshimi is particularly known to write stories to his manga that reflect his own experiences, often centered around gender, puberty or psychosexual development, and other coming-of-age themes that reflect adolescence.
The Lower Depths
The Lower Depths (Russian: На дне, romanized: Na dne, literally: At the bottom) is a play by Russian writer Maxim Gorky written in 1902 and produced by the Moscow Arts Theatre on December 18, 1902, under the direction of Konstantin Stanislavski. It became his first major success, and a hallmark of Russian social realism. The play depicts a group of impoverished Russians living in a homeless shelter near the Volga.

When it first appeared, The Lower Depths was criticized for its pessimism and ambiguous ethical message. The presentation of the lower classes was viewed as overly dark and unredemptive, and Gorky was clearly more interested in creating memorable characters than in advancing a formal plot. However, in this respect, the play is generally regarded as a masterwork.

The theme of harsh truth versus the comforting lie pervades the play; most of the characters choose to deceive themselves over the bleak reality of their condition.

Moscow Art Theatre
The Moscow Art Theatre (or MAT; Russian: Московский Художественный академический театр (МХАТ), Moskovskiy Hudojestvenny Akademicheskiy Teatr (MHAT)) was a theatre company in Moscow. It was founded in 1898 (1898) by the seminal Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski, together with the playwright and director Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. It was conceived as a venue for naturalistic theatre, in contrast to the melodramas that were Russia's dominant form of theatre at the time. The theatre, the first to regularly put on shows implementing Stanislavski's system, proved hugely influential in the acting world and in the development of modern American theatre and drama.

It was officially renamed the Gorky Moscow Art Theatre in 1932. In 1987, the theatre split into two troupes, the Moscow Gorky Academic Art Theatre and the Moscow Chekhov Art Theatre.
Ceres Transport Riders' Museum
The Ceres Transport Riders' Museum, more commonly known by its Afrikaans name Ceres Togryers Museum, was started during the 1970s by members of the community of Ceres, South Africa  who were interested in preserving the heritage of the town.  It was proclaimed a local museum on 7 November 1978 and established as a province-aided museum with effect from 1 April 1987.  The Board of Trustees is the governing body of the museum with powers vested in it by the Government of the Western Cape Province under the terms of the Cape Museum Ordinance  and is responsible for the institution, its policies, its operational continuity and well-being, and the assets which it holds in trust for the people of Ceres, to whom it is ultimately accountable.

The building in which the museum is housed was built as a flour mill during the early 1930s.  The structure of the building was changed somewhat to accommodate the design by well-known Cape Town heritage architect Gawie Fagan.

Ceres, South Africa
Ceres is the administrative centre and largest town of the Witzenberg Local Municipality in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Ceres serves as a regional centre for the surrounding towns of Wolseley, Tulbagh, Op-die-Berg and Prince Alfred Hamlet. It is situated in the Warmbokkeveld (English: "warm antelope field") Valley about 170 km north-east of Cape Town. Ceres is located at the north-eastern entrance to Michell's Pass and was the old route north between Cape Town and Johannesburg, which was later replaced by the N1 highway, which traverses the Breede River Valley to the south.

Named after the Roman goddess of agriculture, Ceres, a name which is fitting as the valley in which the town is situated is extremely fertile and is a major producer of South Africa's deciduous fruit.
Alois Podhajsky
Alois Podhajsky (24 February 1898 – 23 May 1973) was an Austrian military officer, Olympic rider, and long-serving director of the Spanish Riding School of Vienna. He is known for his work in classical horsemanship and for his role in maintaining the Lipizzan breed and the traditions of haute école. Podhajsky wrote several books on dressage and training, and during the Second World War he oversaw efforts to protect the Spanish Riding School and its horses.

Classical dressage
Classical dressage evolved from cavalry movements and training for the battlefield, and has since developed into the competitive dressage seen today. Classical riding is the art of riding in harmony with, rather than against, the horse.

Correct classical riding only occurs when the rider has a good seat and a correct and well-balanced body position, moves with the horse's motion, and applies and times the aids correctly.
ABC Fighters
Abidjan Basket Club Fighters, commonly known as ABC Fighters, is an Ivorian professional basketball club based in the city of Abidjan. Founded in 1997, the team is the most successful men teams in the country, with a record 22 national championships, and one continental FIBA Africa Champions Cup in 2005. The home arena of the team is the Palais des Sports de Treichville.

Ligue d'Or
The Ligue d'Or (in English: Golden League), formerly known as the Ivorian Basketball Championship, is the premier basketball league for clubs in Ivory Coast. The league consist out of twelve teams as of the 2024 season. The most successful team in the league's history is ABC Fighters, who have won a record 22 titles. The league was re-named the "Ligue d'Or" in 2024.

The champions of the national championship are eligible to play in the Road to BAL, the qualifying rounds of the Basketball Africa League (BAL).
Banalités
Banalités or banalities (French pronunciation: [banalite]; from ban) were, until the end of the Ancien Régime in various parts of Europe, rights linked to the exercise of lordship or public authority that imposed the compulsory use of designated facilities. The institution is most extensively documented in France, but comparable forms existed elsewhere in Europe under different legal traditions and terminology.

Ban (medieval)
In the Middle Ages, the ban (Latin: bannus, bannum; German: Bann) or banality (French: banalité) was originally the power to command men in war and evolved into the general authority to order and to punish. As such, it was the basis for the raising of armies and the exercise of justice. The word is of Germanic origin and first appears in fifth-century law codes. Under the Franks it was a royal prerogative, but could be delegated and, from the tenth century, was frequently usurped by lesser nobles.

The adjective "banal" or "bannal" describes things pertaining to the ban. Its modern sense of "commonplace" (even "trite") derives from the fact that tenants were frequently required to use common mills, presses, ovens, etc. for the benefit of their lord exercising his banal rights.
Union of Donbass Volunteers
The Union of Donbass volunteers (UDV) is a Russian paramilitary veterans organization founded in 2015 for Russian veterans in the War in the Donbas, and has been used as a mercenary force and platform by the Russian government for operations in Ukraine before the Russian invasion of Ukraine, when the UDV's members were called back into active service.

Redut
Redut (Russian: ЧВК «Редут», romanized: ChVK «Redut»), also known as Redoubt, Redut-Antiterror, Redut Security or Centre R, formerly known as "Shield", is a registered Russian Private Military Company (PMC) that is a part of the "Antiterror-family" — a group of PMCs that protect commercial operations of Russian companies. It is currently deployed by Russia in the Russian invasion of Ukraine. According to an RFE/RL investigation, concurrent "Redut" is controlled by the GRU and acts as a proxy umbrella organization for mercenaries, managing finances, recruitment and logistical supply of various formations.

It was established in 2008, as a merger of several minor veteran groupings of the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service, Russian Air Force and units of the Russian Ministry of Defence (MoD), who had obtained combat experience in military and peacekeeping missions. Members of the group have been convicted of committing war crimes during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Kansas City (Leiber and Stoller song)
"Kansas City" is a rhythm and blues song written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller in 1952. First recorded by Little Willie Littlefield the same year, as "K. C. Loving", the song later became a chart-topping hit when it was recorded by Wilbert Harrison in 1959. "Kansas City" is one of Leiber and Stoller's "most recorded tunes, with more than three hundred versions", with several appearing in the R&B and pop record charts.

Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey!
The song "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey", also known as "Hey-Hey-Hey-Hey! (Goin' Back to Birmingham)", was written by Little Richard and recorded on May 9, 1956 at J&M Studio, New Orleans, Louisiana, (supervised by Bumps Blackwell).
Christian Cooper
Christian Cooper (born 1963) is an American science writer and editor, and also a comics writer and editor. He is based in New York City. In 2023, Random House published Cooper's memoir, Better Living Through Birding: Notes from a Black Man in the Natural World. He gained cultural notoriety after a false police report was made by a white woman who went viral for her erratic behavior while calling the police on him in a New York park in 2020, known as the Central Park birdwatching incident.

Alitha Martinez
Alitha E. Martinez is an American comic book artist best known for her work on for Marvel Comics's Iron Man, the Heroes webcomics, and DC's Batgirl. Over the course of her career she has worked for all the major comic book publishers, including Marvel, DC Comics, Image Comics, and Archie Comics.
Concavenator
Concavenator (meaning "Cuenca hunter") is a genus of carcharodontosaurian dinosaur that lived in Spain during the Early Cretaceous epoch, about 125 million years ago. The genus contains a single species, Concavenator corcovatus, named and described in 2010 from a nearly complete skeleton collected from the Las Hoyas fossil site of the La Huérguina Formation.

Concavenator was a medium-sized carcharodontosaurian, reaching about 5–6 m (16–20 ft) in length and 320–400 kg (710–880 lb) in weight. Unlike most carcharodontosaurians, the neural spines of the last dorsal (back) vertebrae were tall, creating a sail-like structure.

La Huérguina Formation
The La Huérguina Formation (also known as the Calizas de La Huérguina Formation, La Huérguina Limestone Formation or as the Una Formation) is a geological formation in Spain whose strata date back to the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous. Las Hoyas is a Konservat-Lagerstätte within the formation, located near the city of Cuenca, Spain. The site is mostly known for its exquisitely preserved dinosaurs, especially enantiornithines. The lithology of the formation mostly consists of lacustrine limestone deposited in a freshwater wetland environment.
Logistic Support Department
The Logistic Support Department of the Central Military Commission (Chinese: 中央军委后勤保障部) is a first-level functional department of Theater Deputy grade under the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China. It was founded on January 11, 2016, under Xi Jinping's military reforms. The department organizes and leads the logistics unit construction and development, as well as administering and overseeing the barracks, housing, supplies, and hospitals of the People's Liberation Army. It is based in 22 Wanshou St,  Hadian District, Beijing. Its first director was Gen. Zhao Keshi. The current director is Lt. Gen. Zhang Lin.

Deepening National Defense and Military Reform
The Deepening National Defense and Military Reform is a major restructuring of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), launched in 2015 by Xi Jinping, the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party since 2012. It flattened the command structure and allowed the CCP to have more control over the military, with the aim of strengthening the combat capability of the PLA.
Woodhaven, Queens
Woodhaven is a neighborhood in the southwestern section of the New York City borough of Queens. It is bordered on the north by Park Lane South and Forest Park, on the east by Richmond Hill, on the south by Ozone Park and Atlantic Avenue, and the west by the Cypress Hills area of East New York, Brooklyn.

Woodhaven, once known as Woodyville, has one of the greatest tree populations in the borough and is known for its proximity to the hiking trails of Forest Park. Woodhaven contains a mixture of urban and suburban land uses, with both low-density residential and commercial sections. It retains the small-town feel of bygone days and is home to people of many different ethnicities.

Woodhaven is located in Queens Community District 9 and its ZIP Code is 11421. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 102nd Precinct. Politically, Woodhaven is represented by the New York City Council's 28th, 30th, and 32nd Districts.

Forest Park (Queens)
Forest Park is a park in the New York City borough of Queens. Spanning 543 acres (220 ha), it is the tenth-largest park in New York City and the third-largest in Queens. Acquired between 1895 and 1898, it was originally referred to as Brooklyn Forest Park, since the original owner was the then-independent city of Brooklyn.

The park contains a 165-acre (67 ha) forest. It sits on hills left behind by the Wisconsin glacier and is a haven for native plants and wildlife in the midst of the city's sprawl. In addition to the park's large full-time bird population, migratory birds pass through in the spring and fall.

Several trails are available for area residents and urban day hikers. Other facilities include playgrounds, a carousel, a running track, two dog runs, a pond, tennis courts, basketball courts, baseball fields, a skate park, and a golf course. The park is operated and maintained by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.
Mary Frances Berry
Mary Frances Berry (born February 17, 1938) is an American historian, writer, lawyer, activist and professor who focuses on U.S. constitutional and legal, African-American history. Berry is the Geraldine R. Segal Professor of American Social Thought where she teaches American legal history at the Department of History, School of Arts & Sciences at the University of Pennsylvania. She is the former chairwoman of the United States Commission on Civil Rights. Previously, Berry was provost of the College of Behavioral and Social Science at University of Maryland, College Park, and was the first African American chancellor of the University of Colorado at Boulder.

United States Commission on Civil Rights
The United States Commission on Civil Rights (CCR) is a bipartisan, independent commission of the United States federal government, created by the Civil Rights Act of 1957 during the Eisenhower administration, which is charged with the responsibility for investigating, reporting on, and making recommendations concerning civil rights issues in the United States. Specifically, the CCR investigates allegations of discrimination based on race, sex, national origin, disability. In January 2025, Peter Kirsanow was appointed to serve as chair.

Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 1975d, all statutory authority for the commission terminated on September 30, 1996, and Congress has not passed new legislation, but has continued to pass appropriations.
Brandon Blackwell
Brandon Blackwell (born 1993/1994) is an American professional quizzer and television personality. A native of Queens, New York City, he won the 2019–20 edition of University Challenge as a student at Imperial College London. He has been one of the "chasers" on the American game show The Chase since 2022.

University Challenge 2019–20
Series 49 of University Challenge began on 15 July 2019 on BBC Two.

The University of Huddersfield made its University Challenge debut in this series, while the Oxford colleges Wolfson and Lady Margaret Hall made their first appearances in the BBC series.