hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles, 2nd Duke d'Ursel
Charles Elisabeth Conrard, 2nd Duke d'Ursel and of Hoboken, Prince of Arches and Charleville and Count of Grobbendoncq (1717–1775) was a Duke from the Holy Roman Empire. He succeeded his father and became the second Duke of Ursel in 1738.

He was the First Prince of Arche and Charleville of the Ursel Branche, titles inherited by his mother Princess zu Salm. He made career at the imperial court in Vienna, was Imperial Lord Chamberlain and Field Marshall. He was made knight of the Golden Fleece in 1771.

Prince of Arches and Charleville
Prince of Arches and Charleville is a noble title associated with Charleville-Mézières in France and now held by the Duke of Ursel in Belgium. The title originates with Charles Gonzaga (Gonzagues), Duke of Mantua, who was also Duke of Rethel, a title which included the lordship of Arches, named after a small hamlet. In 1608 Charles elevated this lordship to the sovereign Principality of Arches with himself as first Prince and his new town of Charleville (now Charleville-Mézières) as its capital. The third prince, Charles Ferdinand, died in 1708 without issue; the territory was annexed by the Kingdom of France, while the title Prince of Arches and Charleville continued in the French nobility. The title was inherited by the Duke of Ursel of the Belgian nobility, although the Kingdom of Belgium does not recognise it. Henri, 8th Duke d'Ursel used Henri d'Arches as a pseudonym when making films.
Oshawa Generals
The Oshawa Generals are a junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey League. They are based in Oshawa, Ontario, Canada. The team is named for General Motors, an early sponsor which has its Canadian headquarters in Oshawa. In November 2016, the General Motors Centre changed its name to Tribute Communities Centre. Its 184 graduates to the National Hockey League are second in the OHL. The Generals have won the Memorial Cup five times (1939, 1940, 1944, 1990, 2015), as well as a record 13 Ontario Hockey League championships, the J. Ross Robertson Cup (1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1966, 1983, 1987, 1990, 1997, 2015)

The Generals have two distinct eras in their history. The original Generals operated from 1937 to 1953. The team went on a hiatus from 1953 to 1962 due to a fire at the Hambly Arena. The team was resurrected in 1962. Famous alumni of the Generals include Hockey Hall of Famers Bobby Orr, Ted Lindsay, Alex Delvecchio, Dave Andreychuk, and Eric Lindros.

1990 Memorial Cup
The 1990 Memorial Cup occurred May 5–13 at the Copps Coliseum in Hamilton, Ontario.  It was the 72nd annual Memorial Cup competition and determined the major junior ice hockey champion of the Canadian Hockey League (CHL).  Participating teams were the Ontario Hockey League champion Oshawa Generals and runner-up Kitchener Rangers, as well as the winners of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League and Western Hockey League which were the Laval Titan and Kamloops Blazers.  The original host team, the short-lived Dukes of Hamilton, were forced to drop out after only winning eleven games in the 1989–90 OHL season. Oshawa won their 4th Memorial Cup, defeating Kitchener in the final game.
Simple living
Simple living refers to practices that promote simplicity in one's lifestyle. Common practices of simple living include reducing the number of possessions one owns, depending less on technology and services, and spending less money. In addition to such external changes, simple living also reflects a person's mindset and values. Simple living practices can be seen in history, religion, art, and economics.

Adherents may choose simple living for a variety of personal reasons, such as spirituality, health, increase in quality time for family and friends, work–life balance, personal taste, financial sustainability, increase in philanthropy, frugality, environmental sustainability, or reducing stress. Simple living can also be a reaction to economic materialism and consumer culture. Some cite sociopolitical goals aligned with environmentalist, anti-consumerist, or anti-war movements, including conservation, degrowth, deep ecology, and tax resistance.

Frugality
Frugality is the quality of being frugal, sparing, thrifty, prudent, or economical in the consumption of resources, whether they be food, time, or money. It involves the avoidance of waste, extravagance, and lavishness.

In behavioral science, frugality has been defined as the tendency to acquire goods and services in a restrained manner, and resourceful use of already-owned economic goods and services, to achieve a longer term goal.
Mount Pleasant Library
The Mount Pleasant Library at 1600 Lamont Street, NW in Washington, DC is a branch of the District of Columbia Public Library System that opened in May 1925, and is the third oldest public library building still in use in Washington.

District of Columbia Public Library
The District of Columbia Public Library (DCPL) is the public library system for Washington, D.C., United States. The system includes 26 libraries including Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library, DCPL's central library.
Harveian Society of Edinburgh
The Harveian Society of Edinburgh was founded in April 1782 by Andrew Duncan. The society holds an annual festival in honour of the life and works of William Harvey, the physician who first correctly described the manner in which blood circulates around the human body. Until 1829, the society was known as the Circulation Club or the Harveian Club.  Membership of the society is by invitation and members are doctors based primarily (but not exclusively) in Scotland. There are currently over 140 members, who are known as "Harveians".

Andrew Duncan (physician, born 1744)
Andrew Duncan, the elder (17 October 1744 – 5 July 1828) FRSE FRCPE FSAScot was a British physician and professor at the University of Edinburgh. He was joint founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. As first proposer of an asylum in Edinburgh he gives his name to the Andrew Duncan Clinic which forms part of the Royal Edinburgh Hospital.
Shrirampur railway station
Shrirampur railway station  (also known as Serampore railway station) is one of the busiest railway stations on the Howrah–Bardhaman main line located in the Hooghly district, of the Indian state of West Bengal.  An at-grade station, it serves Serampore city.

Serampore
Serampore (also known as Serampur, Srirampur, Srirampore, Shreerampur, Shreerampore, Shrirampur or Shrirampore) is a city in Hooghly district of the Indian state of West Bengal. It serves as the headquarters of the Srirampore subdivision and is part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). Located on the west bank of the Hooghly River, it was a pre-colonial city that was part of Danish India under the name Frederiknagore from 1755 to 1845.
Thomas King (boxer)
Tom King (14 August 1835 – 3 October 1888) also known as "The Fighting Sailor" was an English boxer who fought both bare-knuckle and with gloves. Strong, fast, and durable he was a skilled pugilist. One of his quirkier pre-fight rituals was to drink a tot of gin before every bout. He retired from the ring in 1863, as the Heavyweight Champion of England, following his defeat of the reigning champion Jem Mace and American contender John C. Heenan.

John C. Heenan
John Camel Heenan (May 2, 1834 – October 28, 1873), also known as the Benicia Boy, was an American bare-knuckle prize fighter. Though highly regarded, he had only three formal fights in his career, losing two and drawing one.

Heenan is best remembered for his second contest, when he traveled to England to fight British champion Tom Sayers. The bout ended in chaos when spectators broke into the ring and the police intervened. The referee finally called a draw. The Benicia Boy came home to a hero's welcome, but later returned to England, where he had just one more fight, losing controversially to new British champion Tom King. Heenan died at Green River Station, Wyoming Territory in October 1873, and is buried at St Agnes Cemetery in Menands, near Albany, New York.
Mark Turner (cognitive scientist)
Mark Turner (born 1954)  is a cognitive scientist, linguist, and author. He is Institute Professor and Professor of Cognitive Science at Case Western Reserve University. He has won an Anneliese Maier Research Prize from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (2015) and a Grand Prix (Prix du Rayonnement de la langue et de la littérature françaises) from the French Academy (1996) for his work in these fields. Turner and Gilles Fauconnier founded the theory of conceptual blending, presented in textbooks and encyclopedias. Turner is also the director of the Cognitive Science Network (CSN) and co-director of the Distributed Little Red Hen Lab.

His wife is the writer Megan Whalen Turner.

Gilles Fauconnier
Gilles Fauconnier (French pronunciation: [ʒil fokɔˈnje]) (19 August 1944 in Vannes – 3 February 2021 in San Diego ) was a French linguist, researcher in cognitive science, and author who was distinguished professor at the University of California, San Diego, in the Department of Cognitive Science. His work with Mark Turner founded the theory of conceptual blending.

His books include:

The Way We Think: Conceptual Blending and the Mind's Hidden Complexities (with Mark Turner) (2003)

Conceptual Integration Networks (with Mark Turner) (1998)

Mappings in Thought and Language (1997)

Mental Spaces: Aspects of Meaning Construction in Natural Language (1994)
Sumy
Sumy (Ukrainian: Суми, IPA: [ˈsumɪ] ⓘ, Russian: Сумы) is a city in northeastern Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Sumy Oblast. The city is situated on the banks of the Psel River and has a population of 256,474 (2022 estimate), making it the 23rd-largest in the country.

The city of Sumy was founded in the 1650s by Cossacks within the historical region of Sloboda Ukraine. The city experienced rapid development starting from the second half of the 19th century and became a centre of sugar, machine building, metalworking and textile industry, as well as an important trade fair location. Today Sumy is one of the chief industrial and cultural centres in Northern Ukraine.

Sloboda Ukraine
Sloboda Ukraine, also known locally as Slobozhanshchyna or Slobozhanshchina, is a historical region in northeastern Ukraine and southwestern Russia. It developed from Belgorod Razriad and flourished in the 17th and 18th centuries on the southwestern frontier of the Tsardom of Russia. In 1765, it was converted into the Sloboda Ukraine Governorate.
Katrina Dimaranan
Katrina Jayne Rivera Dimaranan (born June 3, 1993) is a Filipino-American model, actress, television personality and beauty pageant titleholder who appointed as Miss Supranational USA 2018. then represented the United States at Miss Supranational 2018 pageant and finished 1st Runner-Up along with the Best Body Figure award. She was previously crowned Binibining Pilipinas Tourism 2012 at the Binibining Pilipinas 2012 pageant.

Binibining Pilipinas 2012
Binibining Pilipinas 2012 was the 49th edition of the Binibining Pilipinas pageant, held at the Smart Araneta Coliseum in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines, on April 15, 2012.

At the end of the event, Shamcey Supsup crowned Janine Marie Tugonon as Miss Universe Philippines 2012, Dianne Elaine Necio crowned Nicole Cassandra Schmitz as Binibining Pilipinas International 2012, and Isabella Angela Manjon crowned Katrina Jayne Dimaranan as Binibining Pilipinas Tourism 2012. Elaine Kay Moll was named 1st Runner-Up, and Annalie Forbes was named 2nd Runner-Up.

Later that year, Elaine Kay Moll was appointed as Binibining Pilipinas Supranational 2012. On the following year, Annalie Forbes was appointed as Binibining Pilipinas Grand International 2013.
Supermarine Seafang
The Supermarine Seafang was a British Rolls-Royce Griffon–engined fighter aircraft designed by Supermarine to Air Ministry specification N.5/45 for naval use. It was based on the Spiteful, which was a development of Supermarine's Griffon-engined Spitfire aircraft. By that time the Spitfire was a 10-year-old design in a period of rapid technical development in aviation. The Seafang was outmoded by jet aircraft, and only 18 were built.

Rolls-Royce Griffon
The Rolls-Royce Griffon is a British 37-litre (2,240 cu in) capacity, 60-degree V-12, liquid-cooled aero engine designed and built by Rolls-Royce Limited. In keeping with company convention, the Griffon was named after a bird of prey, in this case the griffon vulture.

Design work on the Griffon started in 1938 at the request of the Fleet Air Arm, for use in new aircraft designs such as the Fairey Firefly. In 1939 it was also decided that the engine could be adapted for use in the Spitfire. Development was stopped temporarily to concentrate efforts on the smaller Merlin and the 24-cylinder Vulture; the engine did not go into production until the early 1940s.

The Griffon was the last in the line of V-12 aero engines to be produced by Rolls-Royce with production ceasing in 1955. Griffon engines remain in Royal Air Force service today with the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight.
Sacred dance
Sacred dance is the use of dance in religious ceremonies and rituals, present in most religions throughout history and prehistory. Its connection with the human body and fertility has caused it to be forbidden by some religions; for example, some branches of Christianity and Islam have prohibited dancing. Dance has formed a major element of worship in Hindu temples, with strictly formalized styles such as Bharatanatyam, which require skilled dancers and temple musicians. In the 20th century, sacred dance has been revived by choreographers such as Bernhard Wosien as a means of developing community spirit.

Bernhard Wosien
Bernhard Wosien (19 September 1908, in Passenheim, Masuren – 29 April 1986, Munich) was a German Ballet master, choreographer and professor of expression education and dance. Wosien is the founder of the modern form of sacred dance; he was assisted by his daughter, Maria-Gabriele Wosien.
All India N. R. Congress
The All India N. R. Congress (abbr. AINRC) is a regional political party formed by the  Chief Minister of Puducherry, N. Rangaswamy in the Indian union territory of Puducherry. He announced the party formation on 7 February 2011 in the party's head office in Pondicherry as a breakaway from the Indian National Congress. It contested the 2011 elections by allying with AIADMK and won the majority. Since 2014, it is part of the National Democratic Alliance led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). The NDA alliance won the majority in the 2021 elections and is currently the ruling party of the union territory.

The party's official website states expansion of "N. R." in the party's name as 'நமது ராஜ்ஜியம்' (Namatu rājjiyam, lit. 'our rule'). These letters are also the initials of the party founder N. Rangasamy. The party's official motto is Simplicity, Fairness and Transparency.

2021 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election
The elections to elect the members of the 15th Puducherry Assembly was held on 6 April 2021. The elections were held for all the 30 constituencies of the Puducherry Legislative Assembly.

The National Democratic Alliance won a simple majority in the elections, and N. Rangaswamy of the All India N.R. Congress was sworn in as the chief minister for the fourth time.
Adine Wilson
Adine Rachel Wilson MNZM (née Harper; born 8 June 1979) is a former New Zealand netball international and current commentator. Between 1999 and 2007, Wilson made 79 senior appearances for New Zealand. She represented New Zealand at the 1999 and the 2003 World Netball Championships, winning a gold medal at the latter. She captained New Zealand when they won gold at the 2006 Commonwealth Games and again at the 2007 World Netball Championships. During the Coca-Cola Cup/National Bank Cup era, she played for Otago Rebels and Southern Sting. During the early ANZ Championship era, she captained Southern Steel. She was a member of six premiership winning teams – the 1998 Otago Rebels team and the 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2007 Southern Sting teams. In 2022, she was included on a list of the 25 best players to feature in netball leagues in New Zealand since 1998. In 2024, Wilson was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to netball.

Netball at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
Netball at the 2006 Commonwealth Games was the third netball tournament at the Commonwealth Games. Twelve teams, including the hosts Australia, featured in a series of matches played in March 2006 in Melbourne. The pool stage and classification matches were hosted at the State Netball Hockey Centre while the semi-finals, bronze and gold medal matches were hosted at the Melbourne Multi Purpose Venue. With a team captained by Adine Wilson and coached by Ruth Aitken, New Zealand won the gold medal for the first time with a 60–55 win over Australia. England finished the tournament in third place after defeating Jamaica 53–52 in the bronze medal match.
Amrita Kumbher Sandhane
Amrita Kumbher Sandhane ( Bengali: অমৃত কুম্ভের সন্ধানে, Quest for the Amrita Kumbha) is a 1982 Bengali film directed by Dilip Roy. It is based on a story by "Kalkut", pseudonym of Samaresh Basu (1924–1988). Music is by Sudhin Dasgupta and stars Shubhendu Chatterjee, Aparna Sen, Bhanu Bandhopadhyay, Samit Bhanja, Ruma Guha Thakurta amongst others.

The film documents one of the largest Indian religious fairs, the Prayag Kumbh Mela, which is held at the confluence of the rivers Ganges, Yamuna and Saraswati. The action is seen through the eyes of Shubhendu Chatterjee who has come to the Mela not out of any religious sentiment but to see and understand people and seek the reason why “….multitudes upon multitudes of the old and weak and the young and frail enter without hesitation or complaint upon such incredible journeys and endure the resultant miseries without repining.” (Mark Twain after visiting the 1895 Mela)

Bhanu Banerjee
Bhanu Banerjee, also known as Bhanu Bandyopadhyay (born as Samyamoy Banerjee; 26 August 1920 – 4 March 1983), was an Indian actor, known for his work in Bengali cinema. He acted in over 300 movies, in numerous plays and performed frequently on the radio.
Demand-chain management
Demand-chain management (DCM) is the management of relationships between suppliers and customers to deliver the best value to the customer at the least cost to the demand chain as a whole. Demand-chain management is similar to supply-chain management but with special regard to the customers.

Demand-chain-management software tools bridge the gap between the customer-relationship management and the supply-chain management. The organization's supply chain processes are managed to deliver best value according to the demand of the customers. DCM creates strategic assets for the firm in terms of the overall value creation as it enables the firm to implement and integrate marketing and supply chain management (SCM) strategies that improve its overall performance. A study of the university in Wageningen (the Netherlands) sees DCM as an extension of supply chain management, due to its incorporation of the market-orientation perspective on its concept.

Demand chain
In business, a demand chain is the understanding and management of customer demand, in contrast to a supply chain. P. M. Madhani (2019) suggests that the demand chain "comprises all the demand processes necessary to understand, create, and stimulate customer demand". Cranfield School of Management academic Martin Christopher has suggested that "ideally the supply chain should become a demand chain", explaining that ideally all product logistics and processing should occur "in response to a known customer requirement".
C. J. Coventry
Cameron "Cam" James Coventry (born 25 February 1991) is a British-Australian historian and postdoctoral research associate at Federation University Australia. In 2021, he wrote a political and diplomatic history of former Australian Prime Minister Bob Hawke's secret involvement with the United States of America during the 1970s. In another work, Links in the Chain, he made the first attempt by a historian to comprehensively assess the extent of Australian financial benefit from British slavery.

Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery
The Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery, formerly the Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slave-ownership, is a research centre of University College London (UCL) that focuses on revealing the impact of British slavery and, in particular, the implications of the Slave Compensation Act 1837. The centre's work is freely available online to the public through the Legacies of British Slavery database.
Kaszubia Kościerzyna
Kaszubia Kościerzyna is a football club based in the Kashubian town of Kościerzyna, northern Poland. They play in IV liga (5th level). The club's prefix Kaszubia refers to its Kashubian regional and ethnic identity.

Kashubia
Kashubia or Cassubia (Kashubian: Kaszëbë or Kaszëbskô; Polish: Kaszuby [kaˈʂubɨ] ⓘ; German: Kaschubei or Kaschubien) is an ethnocultural region in the historic Eastern Pomerania (Pomerelia) region of northern Poland. It is inhabited by the Kashubian people, and many in the region have historically spoken the Kashubian language, with some still speaking it.

The unofficial self-description of "capital city of Kashubia" has long been contested by Kartuzy and Kościerzyna.
London Academy of Excellence Tottenham
The London Academy of Excellence Tottenham is an academically selective free school for pupils aged 16–19. The sixth-form academy was opened in September 2017 in the London borough of Haringey.

The academy's principal educational sponsor is The Highgate School, a leading independent school in North London. Eight other leading independent schools in London and The South East will act as partner schools, and Tottenham Hotspur Football Club is the business sponsor.

Highgate School
Highgate School, formally Sir Roger Cholmeley's School at Highgate, is a co-educational, fee-charging, private day school, founded in 1565 in Highgate, London, England. It educates over 1,400 pupils in three sections – Highgate Pre-Preparatory School (ages 4–8), Highgate junior school (ages 8–11) and the senior school (11+) – which together comprise the Highgate Foundation. As part of its wider work the charity was from 2010 a founding partner of the London Academy of Excellence and it is now also the principal education sponsor of an associated Academy, the London Academy of Excellence Tottenham, which opened in September 2017. The principal business sponsor is Tottenham Hotspur FC. The charity also funds the Chrysalis Partnership, a scheme supporting 26 state schools in six London boroughs.
Laurie Bristow
Sir Laurence Stanley Charles Bristow KCMG (born 23 November 1963) is a British diplomat who served as British Ambassador to Afghanistan between June and November 2021, notably during the fall of Kabul. He served as British Ambassador to Azerbaijan from 2004 to 2007 and British Ambassador to Russia from 2016 to 2020. He is now President of Hughes Hall, Cambridge.

Hughes Hall, Cambridge
Hughes Hall is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England. The majority of students are postgraduate, although nearly one-fifth of the student population comprises individuals aged 21 and above who are studying undergraduate degree courses. Hughes Hall was founded in the 19th century as the Cambridge Training College for Women with the purpose of providing a college dedicated to training women graduates for the teaching profession. Since then it has enlarged and expanded to support a community of students and researchers, both male and female, working in all the academic areas of the university.

The college is housed in a number of 19th- and 20th-century buildings at a main site adjacent to Fenner's, the Cambridge University Cricket Club ground, and between the City Centre and the railway station.