hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gōdō gaisha
A gōdō gaisha (合同会社), or gōdō kaisha, abbreviated GK, is a type of business organization in the Companies Act of Japan modeled after the American limited liability company (LLC), hence its nickname as the "Japanese LLC" (日本版LLC, Nihon-ban LLC). It is a type of mochibun kaisha (corporation having a simplified internal structure like that of a partnership) distinguished by offering limited liability for all investors.

Law of Japan
The law of Japan refers to the legal system in Japan, which is primarily based on legal codes and statutes, with precedents also playing an important role. Japan has a civil law legal system with six legal codes, which were greatly influenced by Germany, to a lesser extent by France, and also adapted to Japanese circumstances. The Japanese Constitution enacted after World War II is the supreme law in Japan. An independent judiciary has the power to review laws and government acts for constitutionality.
MS Nautica
MS Nautica is a cruise ship built for Renaissance Cruises as part of their R class. As part of their Regatta Class, Nautica is now owned and operated by Oceania Cruises. She was built in 2000 by the Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard in Saint-Nazaire, France, for Renaissance Cruises as MS R Five. She sailed for Pullmantur Cruises between 2002 and 2004 before entering service with her current owners in 2005.

The Nautica was at Greenock Ocean Terminal when Storm Ali struck on 20 September 2018. At 11:00 the ship's mooring lines parted and it broke free, getting blown into the Tail of the Bank area of the firth where tugs came to its assistance. The 478 passengers and 26 crew who were onshore at the time were looked after until the ship returned to its berth in the evening.

Renaissance Cruises
Renaissance Cruises was a cruise ship operating company that was founded in 1989 and  owned by Fearnley & Eger Rederi in Oslo, Norway. It was purchased by Edward Rudner (founder of Alamo Car Rental) as the company faltered during the Gulf War. It operated year-round cruise itineraries to the Mediterranean Sea, the Greek Isles, Tahiti and the South Pacific, northern Europe and Scandinavia. The company ceased operations on 25 September 2001, having accommodated up to 220,000 guests in 2000. While the company had been in poor financial health for quite some time, the economic decline resulting from the September 11 attacks in 2001 is credited with the demise of this cruise line. It was headquartered in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
Ålen Municipality
Ålen is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The 718-square-kilometre (277 sq mi) former municipality existed from 1855 until 1972. It encompassed the southeastern half of what is now Holtålen Municipality in Trøndelag county. The administrative centre was the village of Renbygda (also known as Ålen) where Ålen Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1972, the 718.1-square-kilometre (277.3 sq mi) municipality was the 149th largest by area out of the 449 municipalities in Norway. Ålen Municipality was the 373rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,987. The municipality's population density was 2.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.3/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 10.1% over the previous 10-year period.

Holtålen Municipality
Holtålen is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Gauldalen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is located in the Ålen area of the village of Renbygda. Other villages in the municipality include Hessdalen, Aunegrenda, and Haltdalen.

The 1,210-square-kilometre (470 sq mi) municipality is the 89th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Holtålen Municipality is the 280th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,035. The municipality's population density is 1.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.4/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Lunalilo
Lunalilo (William Charles Lunalilo; January 31, 1835 – February 3, 1874) was the sixth monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii from his election on January 8, 1873, until his death a year later.

Born to Kekāuluohi and High Chief Charles Kanaʻina, he was of royal descent and a grandnephew of King Kamehameha I. He was educated at the Royal School by American missionaries and was proclaimed eligible for the throne by King Kamehameha III. After the death of King Kamehameha V, he was elected to the throne in 1873 by a unanimous decision of the legislature of the kingdom. Due to his popularity and status as Hawaii's first elected monarch, he became known as "The People's King". He died a year later from tuberculosis.

Victoria Kamāmalu
Victoria Kamāmalu Kaʻahumanu IV (November 1, 1838 – May 29, 1866) was Kuhina Nui of Hawaii and its crown princess.  Named Wikolia Kamehamalu Keawenui Kaʻahumanu-a-Kekūanaōʻa and also named Kalehelani Kiheahealani, she was mainly referred to as Victoria Kamāmalu or Kaʻahumanu IV, when addressing her as the Kuhina Nui. In her role of Kuhina Nui, she acted as Regent between the death of the King in 1863 until the election of a new King the same year.
Frances Allen
Frances Elizabeth Allen  (August 4, 1932 – August 4, 2020) was an American computer scientist and pioneer in the field of optimizing compilers. Allen was the first woman to become an IBM Fellow, and in 2006 became the first woman to win the Turing Award. Her achievements include seminal work in compilers, program optimization, and parallelization. She worked for IBM from 1957 to 2002 and subsequently was a Fellow Emerita.

IBM Fellow
An IBM Fellow is a position at IBM appointed by the CEO. Typically only four to nine (eleven in 2014) IBM Fellows are appointed each year, in May or June. Fellow is the highest honor a scientist, engineer, or programmer at IBM can achieve.
Sekhemkare (vizier)
Sekhemkare (fl. c. 2490 BC) was a vizier from the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt. He was a son of king Khafre and queen Hekenuhedjet. He served as vizier during the beginning of the next dynasty, during the reigns of Userkaf and Sahure. Sekhemkare is the only son of Khafre whose death can be fairly securely dated to a precise reign, here that of Sahure.

Hekenuhedjet
Hekenuhedjet was an ancient Egyptian queen consort of the 4th Dynasty, a wife of pharaoh Khafre. She is depicted in the tomb of her son, the vizier Sekhemkare.

On the western wall of the chapel Hekenuhedjet is shown seated behind her son Sekhemkare. She is depicted slightly larger than him. She has one of her arms around his shoulders. Facing them are scenes depicting boats. The text is damaged, but describes Hekenuhedjet as the great favorite and a priestess. Part of a title containing the words "his beloved" are visible.

In another scene in the chapel Hekenuhedjet and her son are seated before offering tables. Her son is called "The King's Son of His Body", "Director of the Palace", "Master of the Secrets of the Toilet-house", "Possessor of Honor in the Presence of His Father". Hekenuhedjet's titles are the "Possessor of Honor", "She Who Sees Horus and Set", "Priestess of [..]".
Naborr
Naborr (April 3, 1950 – November 9, 1977), originally named Nabor, was a gray Arabian stallion foaled in Russia at the Tersk Stud.  He was sired by Negatiw, a Russian-bred stallion with Crabbet ancestry, out of the Polish-bred mare Lagodna.  After establishing himself on the race track and show ring in the former USSR, Naborr was exported to Poland, where he lived for seven years, and from there was purchased for import to the United States by a wealthy Arabian horse breeder from Arizona, Anne McCormick. Upon her death, Naborr was sold in 1969 to Tom Chauncey and Wayne Newton for $150,000, which was at the time the highest price ever paid for an Arabian horse at auction.  He went on to become a leading sire of champion Arabian horses in the United States and Canada.

Negatiw
Negatiw, sometimes anglicized Negativ, (August 5, 1945 – 1973) was a gray Russian-born Arabian stallion. He was sired by Naseem, a Skowronek son bred in England, out of the Polish-bred mare, Taraszcza. Negatiw was credited as the stallion that returned the Ibrahim sire line to Poland. He is also regarded as the most internationally influential grandson of Skowronek.
John R. McKernan Jr.
John Rettie "Jock" McKernan Jr. (born May 20, 1948) is an American politician who served two terms as the 71st governor of Maine, from 1987 to 1995.

Born in Bangor, Maine, McKernan attended Dartmouth College and then the University of Maine School of Law. A Republican, McKernan was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives before becoming governor. He also served in the state house from 1973 to 1977 and was a delegate to the Republican National Conventions in 1976 and 1984.

Joseph E. Brennan
Joseph Edward Brennan (November 2, 1934 – April 5, 2024) was an American lawyer and politician from Maine. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 70th governor of Maine from 1979 to 1987 and in the United States House of Representatives for Maine's 1st congressional district from 1987 to 1991. Brennan was a commissioner on the Federal Maritime Commission during the Clinton, George W. Bush, and Obama administrations.
Keith Wells
Keith Eugene Wells (May 11, 1962 – January 6, 1994) was an American murderer convicted of the 1990 murders of John Justad and Brandi Rains in Boise, Idaho. He was executed in 1994 by the state of Idaho at the Idaho Maximum Security Institution via lethal injection only one year and nine months after having been sentenced to death by Judge Gerald Schroeder. Wells was the first person to be executed in Idaho since Raymond Snowden was hanged in 1957 and only the tenth since Idaho gained statehood. He chose not to appeal the death sentence although it was appealed on his behalf. The United States Supreme Court rejected an appeal filed against his wishes.

Gerald F. Schroeder
Gerald Frank Schroeder (born September 13, 1939) is a former American attorney and jurist who served as chief justice of Idaho. He was appointed to the court in 1995 by Governor Phil Batt, and was elected chief justice by his peers in 2004. He served on the court for over a dozen years and retired in July 2007.
Kenilworth railway station
Kenilworth railway station serves the town of Kenilworth, Warwickshire, England; it is a stop on the Coventry to Leamington Line. The original Kenilworth station opened in 1844, before being rebuilt in 1884 and closed in 1965. In 2013, it was announced that the station would reopen in 2016; it finally reopened on 30 April 2018.

Leamington Spa railway station
Leamington Spa railway station serves the town of Leamington Spa, in Warwickshire, England.  It is situated on Old Warwick Road, towards the southern edge of the town centre. It is a major stop on the Chiltern Main Line between London and Birmingham, and is the southern terminus of a branch line to Coventry.
Eastern Berks Gateway Railroad
The Eastern Berks Gateway Railroad (reporting mark EBG) is a short-line railroad located in Boyertown, Pennsylvania, it runs from Boyertown south to Pottstown over the Colebrookdale branch, where it interchanges with the Norfolk Southern Railway. The railroad was operated by U.S. Rail Partners until 2013, when the Colebrookdale Railroad Preservation Trust took over.

Colebrookdale branch
The Colebrookdale branch, also known as the Colebrookdale spur, Colebrookdale industrial track or Colebrookdale line, is a railway line in Pennsylvania. It runs 8.6 miles (13.8 km) from a junction with the Harrisburg Line in Pottstown to Boyertown. At its fullest extent, the line continued another 4 miles (6.4 km) to Barto. The line was built between 1868 and 1869 by the Colebrookdale Railroad (not to be confused with the heritage railway of the same name) and part of the Reading Company system until 1976. Berks County has owned the line since 2009. The Eastern Berks Gateway Railroad operates freight service; heritage passenger services are run under the Colebrookdale Railroad name.
Skokie Valley Trail
The Skokie Valley Trail is a rail-trail that is a total of 25-mile-long (40 km). It's a partial shared-use path for walking, jogging, skateboarding, and cycling.

The trail currently has two sections, the first is the north branch of the trail, which starts at Rockland Road in Lake Bluff and extends south to Lake Cook Road in Northbrook. The southern portion of Skokie Valley Trail begins at Dempster-Skokie CTA Station and extends to Chicago city limits at Sauganash. It is a dedicated-use path, although frequent intersections do pose a threat to path users. These intersections are clearly signed both to path users and motorists. The long-term goal is to join these two sections. The trail passes through the old Chicago North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad right-of-way. It also serves as a route for bicycle, skateboard and personal transporter commuters.

Dempster–Skokie station
Dempster–Skokie, formerly known as Dempster, or Skokie, is an 'L' station on the CTA's Yellow Line at 5005 Dempster Street in Skokie, Illinois (directional coordinates 8800 north, 5000 west). It is one of three stops on the Yellow Line, and the line’s western terminus, Dempster–Skokie is one of two CTA rail stations in Skokie, and is at grade level.
Alf's Button Afloat
Alf's Button Afloat is a 1938 British comedy film directed by Marcel Varnel and starring Bud Flanagan, Chesney Allen, Jimmy Nervo, Alastair Sim and Peter Gawthorne. In the film, the Crazy Gang go to sea, where one of them discovers a button on his uniform is made from the metal of Aladdin's lamp. The film parodies the 1920 novel Alf's Button by W.A. Darlington and its subsequent film adaptations.

Nervo and Knox
Jimmy Nervo (born James Henry Holloway; 2 January 1897 – 5 December 1975) and Teddy Knox (born Albert Edward Cromwell Knox; 12 July 1896 – 1 December 1974) were English comedians who formed a double act and were part of the original Crazy Gang comedy group.
Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome
Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome (BOS) is a rare genetic skin disorder associated with LEMD3 that typically presents with widespread painless papules.

It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Conditions that may appear similar include tuberous sclerosis, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, neurofibroma, and lipoma, among others.

Its frequency is almost 1 case per every 20,000 people, and it is equally found in both males and females. It is named for Abraham Buschke and Helene Ollendorff Curth, who described the condition in one female in 1928.

LEM domain-containing protein 3
LEM domain-containing protein 3 (LEMD3), also known as MAN1, is an integral protein in the inner nuclear membrane (INM) of the nuclear envelope. It is encoded by the LEMD3 gene and was first identified after it was isolated from the serum of a patient with a collagen vascular disease.
348th Night Fighter Squadron
The 348th Night Fighter Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.   Its last assignment was with the 481st Night Fighter Operational Training Group at Salinas Army Air Base, California.   The unit was disbanded on 31 March 1944.

The squadron was the first dedicated night fighter operational training squadron of the Air Force.  The squadron trained newly activated night fighter squadrons who were deployed overseas into combat until its inactivation in March 1944 due to a reorganization of Army Air Forces training units.

481st Night Fighter Operational Training Group
The 481st Night Fighter Operational Training Group was a unit of the United States Army Air Forces.  It was inactivated on 31 March 1944 at Hammer Field, California.

The group was the primary night fighter Operational Training Unit and Replacement Training Unit of the Army Air Forces during World War II.  Its mission was to train either new graduates of AAF Training Command advanced flying schools or transition experienced pilots into the Northrop P-61 Black Widow night fighter.  It trained them in the flight characteristics of the aircraft and also night fighter interceptor techniques prior to the operational squadrons or replacement pilots being deployed to one of the overseas combat theaters.
History of money
The history of money is the development over time of systems for the exchange of goods and services. Money is a means of fulfilling these functions indirectly and in general rather than directly, as with barter.

Money may take a physical form as in coins and notes, or may exist as a written or electronic account. It may have intrinsic value (commodity money), be legally exchangeable for something with intrinsic value (representative money), or have only nominal value (fiat money).

Commodity money
Commodity money is money whose value comes from a commodity of which it is made. Commodity money consists of objects having value or use in themselves (intrinsic value) as well as their value in buying goods.
This is in contrast to representative money, which has no intrinsic value but represents something of value such as gold or silver, for which it can be exchanged, and fiat money, which derives its value from having been established as money by government regulation.

Examples of commodities that have been used as media of exchange include precious metals and stones, grain, animal parts (such as beaver pelts), tobacco, fuel, and others. Sometimes several types of commodity money were used together, with fixed relative values, in various commodity valuation or price system economies.
Glass House Mountains, Queensland
Glass House Mountains is a rural hinterland town and locality in the Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Glass House Mountains had a population of 5,601 people.

Sunshine Coast Region
The Sunshine Coast Region is a local government area located in the Sunshine Coast region of South East Queensland, Australia, from which it takes its name.

It was created by the amalgamation in 2008 of the City of Caloundra and the Shires of Maroochy and Noosa. It contains 4,194 kilometres (2,606 mi) of roads, 211 kilometres (131 mi) of coastline and a population of 351,424 in January 2021. The budget for the 2020–2021 financial year totals A$782 million including $243 million for Capital Works.

On 1 January 2014, the Shire of Noosa was re-established independent of the Sunshine Coast Regional Council.

In the 2021 census, the Sunshine Coast Region had a population of 342,541 people.
Andrew Sega
Andrew Gregory Sega (/ˈsiːɡə/ SEE-gə; born May 20, 1975), also known as Necros, is an American musician best known for tracking modules in the 1990s demoscene as well as for composing music for several well-known video games. He was a member of the synthpop duo Iris from 2001 until its disbandment in 2021. In 2020, he founded the dark wave duo Hallowed Hearts.

Sega is the owner of the independent record label Diffusion Records. His main solo project is known as The Alpha Conspiracy.

Module file
Module file (MOD music, tracker music) is a family of music file formats originating from the MOD file format on Amiga systems used in the late 1980s. Those who produce these files (using the software called music trackers) and listen to them form the worldwide MOD scene, a part of the demoscene subculture.

The mass interchange of "MOD music" or "tracker music" (music stored in module files created with trackers) evolved from early FIDO networks. Many websites host large numbers of these files, the most comprehensive of them being the Mod Archive.

Nowadays, most module files, including ones in compressed form, are supported by most popular media players such as VLC, Foobar2000, Exaile and many others (mainly due to inclusion of common playback libraries such as libmodplug for gstreamer).
Schwarzautal
Schwarzautal is a market town since 2015 with 2,299 residents (as of 1 January 2016) in the Leibnitz District of Styria, Austria.

The municipality was founded as part of the Styria municipal structural reform,
at the end of 2014, by merging the five former towns: Schwarzau im Schwarzautal, Wolfsberg im Schwarzautal, Breitenfeld am Tannenriegel, Hainsdorf im Schwarzautal and Mitterlabill.

The towns Mitterlabill and Schwarzau im Schwarzautal lied in the political district Südoststeiermark, while the other towns lied in the district of Leibnitz. The boundaries of the districts and the judicial districts have been changed so that the new community is now fully in the district and jurisdiction Leibnitz.

Until the end of 2012 the former municipalities Mitterlabill and Schwarzau im Schwarzautal lied in the Feldbach District and had the indicating plate letters "FB". From mid-2013 until the end of 2014, the letters "SO" were assigned, since 2015 "LB" indicates the Leibnitz district.

Hainsdorf im Schwarzautal
Hainsdorf im Schwarzautal is a former municipality in the district of Leibnitz in the Austrian state of Styria. Since the 2015 Styria municipal structural reform, it is part of the municipality Schwarzautal.
North Dumpling Island
North Dumpling Island is a two-acre (8,100 m2) island in Fishers Island Sound of Long Island Sound, one mi (1.6 km) off the coast of Connecticut, south of Groton, within the territory of the town of Southold on Long Island in New York State. The island is about 0.3 nmi (560 m) north of South Dumpling Island, and is home to the North Dumpling Light, which dates from 1859. The island is privately owned by Dean Kamen, inventor of the Segway.

North Dumpling Light
North Dumpling Light is a lighthouse on North Dumpling Island in Long Island Sound off Fishers Island, New York, United States.  It was constructed in 1849, rebuilt in 1871, and deactivated in 1959, with the aid to navigation being moved to an automated metal tower placed nearby.  The lighthouse itself and the grounds around it were sold to a private party. Around 1977, a new owner convinced the U. S. Coast Guard to return the light to the lighthouse and remove the skeleton tower.
Medina of Sfax
34°44′05″N 10°45′44″E﻿ / ﻿34.734766°N 10.762225°E﻿ / 34.734766; 10.762225

The Sfax medina is the medina quarter of the Tunisian city of Sfax. It was built by Aghlabid prince Abu Abbass Muhammad between 849 and 851. The medina is home to about 113,000 residents, and is dominated by the Great Mosque of Sfax.

On 12 February 2012, the Tunisian government submitted a nomination to add it on the UNESCO UNESCO World Heritage List. It is considered one of the rare medieval cities of North Africa to keep its original weft even with all the modifications of its buildings throughout the decades. It represents also the best example of the most conserved Arab-Muslim town planning in all the Mediterranean Basin.
Its monuments are classified as national historical monuments since 1912.

Great Mosque of Sfax
The Great Mosque of Sfax (Arabic: الجامع الكبير بصفاقس) was the most important mosque in the old city of Sfax, Tunisia. It was initially built towards the mid-9th century under the rule of the Aghlabid dynasty. The mosque was the urban and religious heart of the city and it underwent several major modifications in later periods. Architecturally, it is notable for its minaret and its unusually decorated eastern façade.
Great Council of Venice
The Great Council or Major Council (Italian: Maggior Consiglio; Venetian: Mazor Consegio) was a political organ of the Republic of Venice between 1172 and 1797. It was the chief political assembly, responsible for electing many of the other political offices and the senior councils that ran the Republic, passing laws, and exercising judicial oversight. Following the lockout (Serrata) of 1297, its membership was established on hereditary right, exclusive to the patrician families enrolled in the Golden Book of the Venetian nobility.

The Great Council was unique at the time in its usage of lottery to select nominators for proposal of candidates, who were thereafter voted upon.

Minor Council
The Minor Council (Italian: Minor Consiglio) or Ducal Council was one of the main constitutional bodies of the Republic of Venice, and served both as advisors and partners to the Doge of Venice, sharing and limiting his authority.