hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fenwicke Holmes
Fenwicke Lindsay Holmes (1883–1973) was an American author, former Congregational minister, and Religious Science leader. The brother of Ernest Holmes, Fenwicke is widely recognized for being an important factor in the establishment of Religious Science and the founding of the United Centers for Spiritual Living. Fenwicke is recognized as an important figure in the development of the New Thought movement in Japan in particular Seicho-No-Ie.

Throughout his career Holmes served as a Congregational Church minister and as the pastor of a Divine Science Church. He and his brother Ernest created Uplift Magazine, which he served as the editor, and later, he was the president of the International College of Mental Science.

Holmes wrote more than twenty books, lectured for fifty years around the world, and frequently spoke on radio and television.

Ernest Holmes
Ernest Shurtleff Holmes (January 21, 1887 – April 7, 1960) was an American New Thought writer, teacher, and leader. He was the founder of a spiritual movement known as Religious Science, part of the greater New Thought movement, whose spiritual philosophy is known as "The Science of Mind." He was the author of The Science of Mind and numerous other metaphysical books, and the founder of Science of Mind magazine, in continuous publication since 1927. His books remain in print, and the principles he taught as "Science of Mind" have inspired and influenced many generations of metaphysical students and teachers. Holmes had previously studied another New Thought teaching, Divine Science, and was an ordained Divine Science Minister. His influence beyond New Thought can be seen in the self-help movement.
Solar eclipse of December 4, 1964
A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Thursday, December 3 and Friday, December 4, 1964, with a magnitude of 0.7518. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

This was the last of four partial solar eclipses in 1964, with the others occurring on January 14, June 10, and July 9.

A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Northeast Asia, southwest Alaska, and Hawaii.

Solar eclipse of January 14, 1964
A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Tuesday, January 14, 1964, with a magnitude of 0.5591. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. Partial solar eclipses occur in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

This was the first of four partial solar eclipses in 1964, with the others occurring on June 10, July 9, and December 4.

A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Antarctica and extreme southern South America.
Princess Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel
Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel (20 November 1627 – 26 March 1686), was a German princess of the House of Hesse-Kassel and by marriage Electress Palatine during 1650–1657 as the first wife of Charles I Louis, although the validity of the divorce was disputed. Through her daughter Elisabeth Charlotte, Duchess of Orléans, she was the direct ancestress of House of Orléans and the Houses of Habsburg-Lorraine and Habsburg-Este.

Charles I Louis
Charles I Louis (German: Karl I. Ludwig; 22 December 1617 – 28 August 1680) was Elector Palatine from 1648 until his death. He was the second son of Frederick V of the Palatinate, the "Winter King" of Bohemia, and the British princess Elizabeth Stuart.

After living the first half of his life in exile during the German Thirty Years' War and the English Civil War, in 1649 Charles Louis reclaimed his father's title of Elector Palatine, along with most of his former territories.
Siegburg–Olpe railway
The Siegburg–Olpe railway or Agger Valley Railway (German: Bahnstrecke Siegburg–Olpe or Aggertalbahn) is a single-tracked, non-electrified branch line in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Part of a direct link from Cologne, only the section from Overath to Gummersbach-Dieringhausen is still in operation. The section of line from Siegburg to Overath and from Dieringhausen to Olpe are closed.

The line is named after the River Agger, which it follows for a long way and crosses several times.

Cologne–Overath railway
The Cologne–Overath railway is a single-track, non-electrified railway in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It was opened in 1910 to connect the historic Siegburg–Olpe railway directly to Cologne and required the construction of the Hoffnungsthal  tunnel. The section from Hoffnungsthal to Rösrath partly used the track of the Cologne–Lindlar railway, which is now largely disused west of Bergisch Gladbach. The line, like the Siegburg–Olpe line, is also called the Aggertalbahn (Agger Valley Railway), although it leaves the valley of the Agger not far from Overath.

In 1997, Deutsche Bahn abandoned scheduled freight traffic throughout the Oberbergischer Kreis. After that passenger services ran only as far as Gummersbach, but, since 2003, they have been extended to Marienheide. Since May 2007, the Rhein-Sieg-Eisenbahn has occasionally operated freight traffic as required from the junction of the Siegburg–Olpe railway with the Wiehl Valley Railway (Wiehltalbahn) towards Cologne.
Diocese of Antsirabe
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Antsirabe (Latin: Antsiraben(sis)) is a Latin suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of Antananarivo (one of five in Madagascar; in the national capital), yet depends on the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

Its cathedral episcopal see is the (Marian) Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-la-Salette, in the city of Antsirabe, Antananarivo Province.

Archdiocese of Antananarivo
The Archdiocese of Antananarivo is one of five Latin Church metropolitan archdioceses in Madagascar.

Its cathedral episcopal see is the Cathédrale de l'Immaculée Conception, dedicated to the Immaculate Conception, in Andohalo, in the national capital city of Antananarivo.

The archdiocese was, for many years, one of the bases for the spreading of Catholicism in Madagascar and the surrounding British and especially French Indian Ocean territories like Réunion, Comoros and others, which now form an Indian Ocean Episcopal Conference.
2013 Men's Asian Champions Trophy
The 2013 Men's Asian Champions Trophy was the third edition of the Men's Asian Champions Trophy. The tournament was held alongside the women's tournament in Kakamigara, Japan from 2 to 10 November 2013.

Six Asian teams (Pakistan, China, India, Japan, Oman and Malaysia) participated in the tournament which involved round-robin league among all teams followed by play-offs for final positions.

The defending champions Pakistan won the tournament for the second time by defeating the hosts Japan 3–1 in the final.

2013 Women's Asian Champions Trophy
The 2013 Women's Asian Champions Trophy was the third edition of the Women's Asian Champions Trophy. The tournament was held in  Kakamigahara, Japan. Four Asian teams (China, India, Japan and Malaysia) participated in the tournament, which involved round-robin league among all teams followed by play-offs for final positions.

Japan won the tournament for their first title after defeating India 1–0 in the final.
Jack function
In mathematics, the Jack function  is a generalization of the Jack polynomial, introduced by Henry Jack. The Jack polynomial is a homogeneous, symmetric polynomial which generalizes the Schur and zonal polynomials, and is in turn generalized by the Heckman–Opdam polynomials and Macdonald polynomials.

Schur polynomial
In mathematics, Schur polynomials, named after Issai Schur, are certain symmetric polynomials in n variables, indexed by partitions, that generalize the elementary symmetric polynomials and the complete homogeneous symmetric polynomials.  In representation theory  they are the characters of polynomial irreducible representations of the general linear groups. The Schur polynomials form a linear basis for the space of all symmetric polynomials.  Any product of Schur polynomials can be written as a linear combination of Schur polynomials with non-negative integral coefficients; the values of these coefficients is given combinatorially by the Littlewood–Richardson rule. More generally, skew Schur polynomials  are associated with pairs of partitions and have similar properties to Schur polynomials.
2008 Queensland local elections
The 2008 Queensland local elections were held on 15 March 2008 to elect the mayors and councils of the 73 local government areas in Queensland, Australia.

These were the last elections contested by the Queensland Liberal Party, as they merged with the Queensland Nationals to form the Liberal National Party of Queensland a few months later in July.

2008 Queensland mayoral elections
The 2008 Queensland mayoral elections were held on 15 March 2008 to elect the mayors of the 77 local government areas in Queensland, Australia. The elections were held as part of the statewide local elections.
Castle of Magical Dreams
Castle of Magical Dreams is the centerpiece castle at Hong Kong Disneyland. It replaced the park's previous centerpiece, Sleeping Beauty Castle, as part of the park's 15th anniversary celebration. The castle's design pays tribute to the 12 Disney Princesses and 2 Frozen queens: Snow White, Cinderella, Aurora, Ariel, Belle, Jasmine, Pocahontas, Mulan, Tiana, Rapunzel, Merida, Anna, Elsa, and Moana. It is the third attraction to open as part of the park's multi-year expansion from 2018 to 2023.

The castle features a jewelry shop — Enchanted Treasures and a meet-and-greet attraction — The Royal Reception Hall. The castle forecourt features a show stage and viewing area for the new daytime and nighttime spectacular, Follow Your Dreams and Momentous. The castle area consists of the castle itself, the Bibbidi Bobbidi Boutique in Storybook Shoppe and the Snow White Grotto.

Fantasyland
Fantasyland is one of the "themed lands" at all of the Disneyland-style parks run by The Walt Disney Company around the world. It is themed after Disney's animated fairy tale feature films. Each Fantasyland has a castle, as well as several gentle rides themed after those Disney animated feature films.
Gamma Ethniki Cup
The Gamma Ethniki Cup was a football competition cup introduced the 2013–14 season. Only the clubs of the new Football League 2 (Gamma Ethniki) are those that participate. The Gamma Ethniki Cup winner will compete at the end of the season with the winner of the Amateurs' Cup for Amateurs' Super Cup.

Amateurs' Super Cup Greece
The Amateurs' Super Cup Greece introduced from the 2013–14 season and was a single final played on a neutral ground, which sets the Hellenic Football Federation. In Amateurs' Super Cup Greece compete the winning team of Gamma Ethniki Cup with the winning team of Greek Football Amateur Cup for the emergence of the Greek Football Amateur Cup Winner for the season.
B53 nuclear bomb
The  Mk/B53 was a high-yield bunker buster thermonuclear weapon developed by the United States during the Cold War. Deployed on Strategic Air Command bombers, the B53, with a yield of 9 megatons, was the most powerful weapon in the U.S. nuclear arsenal after the last B41 nuclear bombs were retired in 1976.

The B53 was the basis of the W-53 warhead carried by the Titan II missile, which was decommissioned in 1987. Although not in active service for many years before 2010, fifty B53s were retained during that time as part of the "hedge" portion of the Enduring Stockpile until its complete dismantling in 2011. The last B53 was disassembled on 25 October 2011, a year ahead of schedule.

With its retirement, the largest bomb in service in the U.S. nuclear arsenal is the B83, with a maximum yield of 1.2 megatons. The B53 was replaced in the bunker-busting role by the B61 Mod 11.

B41 nuclear bomb
The B-41 (also known as Mk-41) was a thermonuclear weapon deployed by the United States Strategic Air Command in the early 1960s. It was the most powerful nuclear bomb ever developed by the United States, with a maximum yield of 25 megatons of TNT (100 petajoules). A top secret document (DCI Briefing to the JCS, 30 July 1963), states "The US has stockpiled bombs of 9 MT and 23 MT..." which would likely be referring to the B-41's actual yield(s). The B-41 was the only three-stage thermonuclear weapon fielded by the U.S.
Archdiocese of Las Vegas
The Archdiocese of Las Vegas (Latin: Archidiœcesis Campensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or archdiocese, of the Catholic Church in southern Nevada in the United States.

The seat of the archdiocese is Guardian Angel Cathedral in Las Vegas. The see had been a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of San Francisco from its creation in 1995 until 2023, when Las Vegas was elevated as a metropolitan see. The Archdiocese of Las Vegas has two suffragan sees in its ecclesiastical province: the Dioceses of Reno and Salt Lake City.

Diocese of Reno
The Diocese of Reno (Latin: Dioecesis Renensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church in the northern Nevada region of the United States. It is a suffragan diocese, formerly of the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of San Francisco and, since May 30, 2023, of the Archdiocese of Las Vegas.

The mother church of the Diocese of Reno is St. Thomas Aquinas Cathedral in Reno. As of 2023, the bishop of Reno was Daniel Mueggenborg.
Chiricahua
Chiricahua (/ˌtʃɪrɪˈkɑːwə/ CHIRR-i-KAH-wə) is a band of Apache Native Americans.

Based in the Southern Plains and Southwestern United States, the Chiricahua historically shared a common area, language, customs, and intertwined family relations with their fellow Apaches. At the time of European contact, they had a territory of 15 million acres (61,000 km2) in Southwestern New Mexico and Southeastern Arizona in the United States and in Northern Sonora and Chihuahua in Mexico.

Today Chiricahua live in Northern Mexico and in the United States where they are primarily enrolled in three federally recognized tribes: the Fort Sill Apache Tribe, located near Apache, Oklahoma, with a small reservation outside Deming, New Mexico; the Mescalero Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Reservation near Ruidoso, New Mexico; and the San Carlos Apache Tribe in southeastern Arizona.

San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation
The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation (Western Apache: Tsékʼáádn), in southeastern Arizona, United States, was established in 1872 as a reservation for the Chiricahua Apache tribe as well as surrounding Yavapai and Apache bands removed from their original homelands under a strategy devised by General George Crook of setting the various Apache tribes against one another. Once nicknamed "Hell's Forty Acres" during the late 19th century due to poor health and environmental conditions, modern San Carlos Apaches operate a Chamber of Commerce, the Apache Gold and Apache Sky Casinos, a Language Preservation program, a Culture Center, and a Tribal College.
National Senior Citizens Day
The National Senior Citizens Day is celebrated on 21 August each year.  The day is intended to increase awareness of the factors and issues that affect older adults, such as health deterioration and elder abuse. It is also a day to recognize and acknowledge the contributions of older people to society, like International Day of Older People celebrated on October 1.

The history of the National Senior Citizens Day dates back to 1988, when it was officially proclaimed by the former President of the United States of America, Ronald Reagan. He had signed Proclamation 5847 on 19 August 1988 for the first National Senior Citizens Day on 21 August.

National Senior Citizens Day is an opportunity to celebrate and appreciate senior citizens for their services, accomplishments and dedication they have given in their lives.

International Day of Older Persons
The International Day of Older People  is observed on October 1 each year.

On December 14, 1990, the United Nations General Assembly voted to establish October 1 as the International Day of the Elderly as recorded in Resolution 45/106.  The holiday was observed for the first time on October 1, 1991.

The observance is a focus of ageing organizations and the United Nations Programme on Ageing.
Utba ibn Rabi'a
Utba ibn Rabi'a (Arabic: عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ) (c. 563 – 13 March 624), also known as Abu al-Walid (Arabic: أبو الوليد) was one of the prominent pagan leaders of the Quraysh during the era of Muhammad. He was the father of Abu Hudhayfa, al-Walid, Hind and father-in-law of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb. Utba was killed by Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib in the Battle of Badr.

Al-Walid ibn Utba ibn Rabi'a
Al-Walid ibn Utba ibn Rabi'a (583–624) was the son of Utba ibn Rabi'a and brother of Abu Hudhayfa ibn Utba and Hind bint Utba. Just like his father, Walid was opposed to Muhammad and Islam.

He was a fierce Meccan warrior who was killed by Ali ibn Abi Talib in the traditional 3 champions' combat duel on the day of the Battle of Badr before the full battle began. Walid, his father Utba, and his uncle Shayba were the three champions of the Meccan army who fought a duel against Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Ali ibn Abi Talib, and Ubayda ibn al-Harith. In the combat duel, Walid was killed by Ali, Walid's father Utba was killed by Hamza, and then his uncle Shayba was killed by Ali.
Airbus Defence and Space
Airbus Defence and Space is the defence and space systems subsidiary of Airbus. Formed in 2014 during the restructuring of the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company, the predecessor of Airbus. The subsidiary consists of the company's the former Airbus Military, Astrium, and Cassidian divisions. Contributing 21% of Airbus revenues in 2016, it is the second largest space company in the world.

Plans have been announced to merge the Space Systems and Space Digital divisions of Airbus Defence and Space, Telespazio, and Thales Alenia Space into a new joint venture owned by Airbus (35%), Leonardo (32.5%), and Thales (32.5%). The combined entity would have had an estimated annual turnover of €6.5 billion. If approved by regulators, the new company is expected to be operational in 2027.

Astrium
Astrium was a European aerospace company and subsidiary of the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS), headquartered in Paris. It designed, developed and manufactured civil and military space systems and provided related services from 2006 to 2013. In 2012, Astrium had a turnover of €5.8 billion and 18,000 employees in France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain and the Netherlands. Astrium was a member of Institute of Space, its Applications and Technologies.

In late 2013 Astrium was merged with Cassidian, the defence division of EADS, as well as Airbus Military to form Airbus Defence and Space. EADS itself was rebranded Airbus Group, with three divisions: Airbus Commercial Aircraft, Airbus Defence and Space, and Airbus Helicopters.
Australian Alps National Parks and Reserves
The Australian Alps National Parks and Reserves is a group of eleven protected areas consisting of  national parks, nature reserves and one wilderness park located in the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales and Victoria and which was listed as a "place"  on the Australian National Heritage List on 7 November 2008 under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.  The listing which covers an area of 16,531.80 square kilometres (6,382.96 sq mi), contains the vast majority of alpine and sub-alpine environments in Australia.  The listing includes the following protected areas - Alpine, Baw Baw, Brindabella, Kosciuszko, Mount Buffalo, Namadgi and Snowy River national parks; the Avon Wilderness Park, and the Bimberi, Scabby Range and Tidbinbilla nature reserves.

Namadgi National Park
Namadgi National Park is a protected area in the southwest of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), bordering Kosciuszko National Park in New South Wales. It lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Canberra, and occupies approximately 46 percent of the ACT's land area.

Created in 1984, the park is on the Australian National Heritage List. It suffered badly in the 2019–20 Australian bushfire season, with around 80% of its vegetation burnt.
Trifolium aureum
Trifolium aureum, known by the various common names large hop trefoil, large trefoil, large hop clover, golden clover or hop clover, is a species of flowering plant native to much of Eurasia.

Large hop trefoil is a small erect herbaceous biennial plant growing to 10–30 cm (4–12 in) tall. Like all clovers, it has leaves divided into three sessile leaflets, each leaflet 15–25 mm (0.6–1.0 in) long and 6–9 mm broad. Its yellow flowers are arranged into small, elongated round inflorescences 12–20 mm diameter, located at the end of the stem. Each individual flower is decumbent. As they age, the flowers become brown and paper-like. The fruit is a pod usually containing two seeds.

The closely related Trifolium campestre (hop trefoil) is a similar, but shorter, spreading, species with smaller leaves and flowers. The middle leaflet of its leaves also has a short rachis.

Trifolium campestre
Trifolium campestre, commonly known as hop trefoil, field clover and low hop clover, is a species of flowering plant native to Europe and western Asia, growing in dry, sandy grassland habitats, fields, woodland margins, roadsides, wastelands and cultivated land. The species name campestre means "of the fields".
Dragon Ball Z: Fusion Reborn
Dragon Ball Z: Fusion Reborn is a 1995 Japanese animated fantasy martial arts film and the 12th film in the Dragon Ball Z series. It was originally released in Japan on March 4 at Toei Anime Fair, and dubbed into English by Funimation in 2006. It was preceded by Dragon Ball Z: Bio-Broly and followed by Dragon Ball Z: Wrath of the Dragon.

Dragon Ball Z: Wrath of the Dragon
Dragon Ball Z: Wrath of the Dragon is a 1995 Japanese animated science fantasy martial arts film and the thirteenth Dragon Ball Z feature film. It was originally released in Japan on July 15 at the Toei Anime Fair. It was later dubbed into English by Funimation in 2006 like most other Dragon Ball films. It was also released on VCD in Malaysia by Speedy Video with the subtitle Explosion of Dragon Punch. It was preceded by Dragon Ball Z: Fusion Reborn and followed by Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods, which released in 2013.

Set after the defeat of Kid Buu, the film focuses on the efforts of an evil magician, Hoi, to release the deadly monster Hirudegarn onto the Earth, forcing Goku and his friends to enlist the aid of a warrior named Tapion, who may be the only one capable of defeating the evil monster. Series creator Akira Toriyama designed the Tapion and Minotia characters.
Jane's Longbow 2
Longbow 2 is the sequel to Jane's AH-64D Longbow from Jane's Combat Simulations. The game was developed by Origin Systems with executive producer Andy Hollis on board, and released by Electronic Arts on November 13, 1997.

Jane's AH-64D Longbow
AH-64D Longbow is a realistic combat flight simulator of the AH-64D Apache Longbow attack helicopter. Released on June 3, 1996, for the PC, this simulation was developed at Origin Systems. AH-64D Longbow was the second simulator released under the Jane's Combat Simulators line from Electronic Arts.

A mission disk Flash Point: Korea was released as an add-in in 1996, and a compilation pack, Longbow Gold was released in 1997. A sequel, Longbow 2 was released in late 1997. In 1998, Longbow Anthology was released, which included the whole Longbow series.