hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cavacurta
Cavacurta is a frazione of Castelgerundo in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southeast of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Lodi.

From 1 January 2018 the comune was unified with Camairago and the new municipality took the name of Castelgerundo.

Castelgerundo
Castelgerundo is a new comune (municipality) in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 55 kilometres (34 mi) southeast of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Lodi.

Casrelgerundo borders the following municipalities: Formigara, Castiglione d'Adda, Maleo, Terranova dei Passerini, Pizzighettone, Cavacurta, Codogno.

The new municipality, from 1 January 2018, was made from the union of Cavacurta and Camairago. The municipality contains also the frazione (subdivision) Bosco Valentino e Mulazzana.
Iraqi cuisine
Iraqi cuisine is a Middle Eastern cuisine that has its origins in the ancient Near East culture of the Fertile Crescent. Tablets found in ancient ruins in Iraq show recipes prepared in the temples during religious festivals—the first cookbooks in the world. Ancient Iraq's cultural sophistication extended to the culinary arts.

The Iraqi kitchen reached its zenith in the Islamic Golden Age when Baghdad was the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258 AD).

In Northern Iraq pomegranate is added to  dolma. In Southern Iraq, fish is a staple. The center of the country is known  for its rice dishes and sweets.

In terms of agriculture, Iraq harks back to ancient Mesopotamia, growing wheat and crops requiring winter chill such as apples and stone fruits. Lower Mesopotamia grows rice and barley, citrus fruits, and is responsible for Iraq's position as one of the world's largest producer of dates.

Pork consumption is forbidden to Muslims in Iraq, in accordance with Sharia, the Islamic law.

Date honey
Date honey, date syrup, date molasses, Debes (Arabic: دِبس, pronounced [dibs]), or rub (Arabic: رُب, pronounced [rubb]) is a thick dark brown, very sweet fruit syrup extracted from dates. It is widely used in Middle Eastern cuisine and North African cuisine.
Tiina Tauraite
Tiina Tauraite (born on 2 June 1976 in Tallinn, Estonia) is an Estonian actress.

In 1998 she graduated from the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre. Since then, she has worked as a theatre actress at Von Krahl Theatre. Besides theatre roles she has appeared in a number of films (most notably The Temptation of St. Tony (2009), Autumn Ball (2007) and the 2016 film The Spy and the Poet) and television series (Elu keset linna (2012) and Screwed in Tallinn in 1999).

Besides her native Estonian, Tauraite is fluent in English, Russian and Finnish.

Autumn Ball
Autumn Ball (Estonian: Sügisball) is a 2007 Estonian drama film directed by Veiko Õunpuu, adapted from Mati Unt's 1979 novel of the same name. The film depicts six desolate people of different yet similar fates in characteristically Soviet pre-fabricated housing units (khrushchyovka). It premiered at the 64th Venice International Film Festival, where it won the Horizon Award.
Sakastan (Sasanian province)
Sakastan (also known as Sagestān, Sagistan, Seyanish, Segistan, Sistan, and Sijistan) was a Sasanian province in Late Antiquity, that lay within the kust of Nemroz. The province bordered Kirman in the west, Spahan in the north west, Kushanshahr in the north east, and Turan in the south east. The governor of the province held the title of marzban. The governor also held the title of "Sakanshah" (king of the Saka) until the title was abolished in ca. 459/60.

Kirman (Sasanian province)
Kirman (Middle Persian: Kirmān) was a Sasanian province in Late Antiquity, which corresponds to the present-day province of Kerman. The province bordered Pars in the west, Abarshahr and Sakastan in the northeast, Paradan in the east, Spahan in the north, and Mazun in the south. The capital of the province was Shiragan.

The province allegedly functioned as some kind of vassal kingdom, being mostly ruled by princes from the royal family, who bore the title of Kirmanshah ("King of Kirman"). The non-royal governors of the province bore the title of marzban.
Ministry of Regional Development (Russia)
Ministry of Regional Development of Russia (Russian: Министерство регионального развития Российской Федерации – Минрегион России) was the federal ministry in the Russian government that was responsible for regional social development. The last minister was Igor Slyunyayev, who was appointed in 2012 as part of Dmitry Medvedev's Cabinet.

On 8 September 2014 President Vladimir Putin and Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev approved the abolishing of the ministry with the competences being spread to a number of ministries.

Igor Albin
Igor Nikolayevich Albin (Russian: Игорь Николаевич Албин, until 2014 Igor Slyunyayev (Игорь Слюняев), born 4 October 1966) is a Russian politician, former Vice Governor of Saint Petersburg (2014–2018).

He has the federal state civilian service rank of 1st class Active State Councillor of the Russian Federation.
Anna Botsford Comstock
Anna Botsford Comstock (September 1, 1854 – August 24, 1930) was an author, illustrator, and educator of natural studies. The first female professor at Cornell University, her over 900-page work, The Handbook of Nature Study (1911), is now in its 24th edition. Comstock was an American artist and wood engraver known for illustrating entomological text books with her husband, John Henry Comstock including their first joint effort, The Manual for the Study of Insects (1885). Comstock worked with Liberty Hyde Bailey, John Walton Spencer, Alice McCloskey, Julia Rogers, and Ada Georgia as part of the department of Nature Study at Cornell University. Together they wrote nature study curricula to develop a curiosity for, and education about, the surrounding natural world. Comstock also was a proponent for conservationism by instilling a love and appreciation of the natural world around people.

John Henry Comstock
John Henry Comstock (February 24, 1849 – March 20, 1931) was an eminent researcher in entomology and arachnology and a leading educator. His work provided the basis for classification of butterflies, moths, and scale insects.
The Feel Good Record of the Year
The Feel Good Record of the Year is the eighth and final studio album by punk rock band No Use for a Name. It was recorded in Fort Collins, Colorado at the Blasting Room with the producers Bill Stevenson & Jason Livermore (Descendents, Rise Against, Good Riddance, 7 Seconds).

No Use for a Name
No Use for a Name (sometimes abbreviated NUFAN or No Use) was an American punk rock band from Sunnyvale, California, formed in 1986 by Chris Dodge (guitar), Steve Papoutsis (bass) and Rory Koff (drums). The band's sound evolved considerably through its career, starting off as a Bay Area-influenced punk band, moving on to a much heavier metallic-tinted sound to finally taking on a much lighter brand of melodic punk as the years passed. Following Tony Sly's death on July 31, 2012, the remaining members chose to disband the group out of respect for him.
Carlyle, Illinois
Carlyle is a city in and the county seat of Clinton County, Illinois, United States. The population was 3,253 at the 2020 census.

Carlyle is located approximately 50 miles (80 km) east of St. Louis, Missouri, and is home to Illinois' largest man-made lake, Carlyle Lake, and to the General Dean Suspension Bridge, a suspension bridge that is the only one of its kind in Illinois and crosses the Kaskaskia River.

Clinton County, Illinois
Clinton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. At the 2020 census, the population was 36,899. Its county seat is Carlyle. In 1960, the United States Census Bureau placed the mean center of U.S. population in Clinton County. Clinton County is part of the St. Louis, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Modern Music from San Francisco
Modern Music from San Francisco is a studio album featuring the Vince Guaraldi Quartet, the Ron Crotty Trio and the Jerry Dodgion Quartet recorded in August 1955 and released on Fantasy Records in May 1956. The record is the first album to feature pianist and future Peanuts composer Vince Guaraldi leading his own quartet rather than augmenting other established groups.

Modern Music from San Francisco was released as a fourteen track reissue, released on CD in 2001 by Fantasy under the name The Jazz Scene: San Francisco, adding several tracks by the Charlie Mariano Sextet.

Ron Crotty
Ron Crotty (December 31, 1929 – May 7, 2015), born Ronald O Crotty in San Francisco, raised in Oakland, and was an American jazz bassist. He became known in the late 1940s and early 1950s for work with pianists Dave Brubeck and Vince Guaraldi. He had a younger sister, Anne Crotty Dapper Wells (b.1932, d. 2010)), who died before him in Sidney, British Columbia.
Rolls-Royce Eagle
The Rolls-Royce Eagle was the first aircraft engine to be developed by Rolls-Royce Limited.  Introduced in 1915 to meet British military requirements during World War I, it was used to power the Handley Page Type O bombers and a number of other military aircraft.

The Eagle was the first engine to make a non-stop trans-Atlantic crossing by aeroplane when two Eagles powered the converted Vickers Vimy bomber on the transatlantic flight of Alcock and Brown in June 1919.

Handley Page Type O
The Handley Page Type O was a biplane bomber used by Britain during the First World War. When built, the Type O was one of the largest aircraft in the world. There were two main variants, the Handley Page O/100 (H.P.11) and the Handley Page O/400 (H.P.12).

The aircraft were used in France for tactical night attacks on targets in German-occupied France and Belgium and for strategic bombing of industrial and transport targets in the Rhineland. Some aircraft were temporarily diverted to anti-submarine reconnaissance and bombing in the Tees estuary in 1917 and two aircraft operated in the eastern Mediterranean. The Type O made such an impression that for many years after the war any large aircraft in Britain was referred to as a "Handley Page", even getting a dictionary entry.
Burundian Civil War
The Burundian Civil War was a civil war in Burundi lasting from 1993 to 2005. The civil war was the result of longstanding ethnic divisions between the Hutu and the Tutsi ethnic groups. The conflict began following the first multi-party elections in the country since its independence from Belgium in 1962, and is seen as formally ending with the swearing-in of President Pierre Nkurunziza in August 2005. Children were widely used by both sides in the war. The estimated death toll stands at 300,000.

Hutu
The Hutu (/ˈhuːtuː/), also known as the Abahutu, are a Bantu ethnic group native to the African Great Lakes region. They mainly live in Rwanda, Burundi, and Uganda where they form one of the principal ethnic groups alongside the Tutsi and the Great Lakes Twa.
Sala Lancisiana of Saint James in Augusta
The Sala Lancisiana is a renaissance building located in Rome, part of the hospital of San Giacomo degli Incurabili, and site of an anatomical theatre. It was built at the end of the 16th century by the architect Francesco Capriani at the behest of Cardinal Anton Maria Salviati, and named after the physician Giovanni Maria Lancisi.

San Giacomo degli Incurabili
41°54′31″N 12°28′51″E﻿ / ﻿41.90861°N 12.48083°E﻿ / 41.90861; 12.48083

The hospital of San Giacomo in Augusta (Saint James in Augusta), also known as San Giacomo degli Incurabili (Saint James of the Incurables), was a historic hospital located in Rome.
Otolith
An otolith (Ancient Greek: ὠτο-, ōto- ear + λῐ́θος, líthos, a stone), also called otoconium, statolith, or statoconium, is a calcium carbonate structure in the saccule or utricle of the inner ear, specifically in the vestibular system of vertebrates. The saccule and utricle, in turn, together make the otolith organs. These organs are what allows an organism, including humans, to perceive linear acceleration, both horizontally and vertically (gravity). They have been identified in both extinct and extant vertebrates.

Counting the annual growth rings on the otoliths is a common technique in estimating the age of fish.

Inner ear
The inner ear (internal ear, auris interna) is the innermost part of the vertebrate ear. In vertebrates, the inner ear is mainly responsible for sound detection and balance. In mammals, it consists of the bony labyrinth, a hollow cavity in the temporal bone of the skull with a system of passages comprising two main functional parts:

The cochlea, dedicated to hearing; converting sound pressure patterns from the outer ear into electrochemical impulses which are passed on to the brain via the auditory nerve.

The vestibular system, dedicated to balance.

The inner ear is found in all vertebrates, with substantial variations in form and function. The inner ear is innervated by the eighth cranial nerve in all vertebrates.
Hoxie Farm site
The Hoxie Farm site (11Ck-4) is located on Thorn Creek in Thornton, Illinois Cook County Forest Preserve in Cook County, Illinois, near the city of Chicago.  It is classified as a late prehistoric to Protohistoric/Early Historic site with Upper Mississippian Huber affiliation.

Huber Site
The Huber Site (11Ck-1) is located on Tinley Creek 2 miles west of Blue Island in Cook County, Illinois, near the city of Chicago.  It is classified as a late prehistoric site with Upper Mississippian affiliation.
Fashion Valley (shopping mall)
Fashion Valley (also called Fashion Valley Mall) is an upscale, open-air shopping mall in Mission Valley in San Diego, California. The shopping center hosts 1,720,533 sq ft (159,842.7 m2) of leasable floor area, making it the largest mall in San Diego and one of the largest in California. It is managed by the 50% owner Simon Property Group.

Mission Valley (shopping mall)
Mission Valley (formerly Westfield Mission Valley) is a retail complex consisting of a traditional open-air shopping mall owned by Real Capital Solutions and Lowe, and a power center owned by Sunbelt Investment Holdings Inc., in Mission Valley, San Diego. Mission Valley East was managed by the Dallas-based Centennial. Anchor stores include Michaels, Target, and Nordstrom Rack. Empty anchor buildings include the architecturally significant May Co. (later Macy's apparel) building, Bed Bath & Beyond (originally Saks Fifth Avenue). Another anchor space, Macy's Home & Furniture, closed on December 14, 2024.

The power center across Mission Center Road known as Mission Valley West is anchored by big box retailers like DSW Shoes, West Elm, Old Navy, Trader Joe's and Marshalls.
Julian Ocleppo
Julian Ocleppo (born 1 August 1997) is an Italian tennis player.

Ocleppo is the son of former tennis professional Gianni Ocleppo and his wife Dee. He has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 309 achieved on 24 February 2020 and a career high doubles ranking of No. 167 achieved on 23 July 2018.

Ocleppo has won four ATP Challenger doubles titles in Italy.

He made his main draw debut on the ATP World Tour at the 2018 Italian Open doubles competition partnering Andrea Vavassori.

Dee Ocleppo
Dee Ocleppo Hilfiger (née Deniz Caroline Erbuğ; formerly Ocleppo; born November, 24 1966) is an American fashion designer and entrepreneur. She was married from 1997 to 2003 to Gianni Ocleppo, with whom she had two children, including Julian Ocleppo. Since 2008, she has been married to fashion designer Tommy Hilfiger.
Coastal tapeti
The coastal tapeti (Sylvilagus tapetillus), also known as the Rio de Janeiro dwarf cottontail or dwarf tapeti, is a species of cottontail rabbit native to Brazil. Known only from three specimens captured in the late nineteenth century in the Paraíba Valley, it was for a long time considered to be a smaller-sized subspecies of the common tapeti. Analysis in 2017 confirmed that it is sufficiently distinct in both appearance and genetics to be considered a species in its own right. Due to urban expansion near its habitat in the densely populated Paraíba Valley of Rio de Janeiro state, it is unclear whether or not the species still survives in the present day.

Common tapeti
The common tapeti (Sylvilagus brasiliensis), also known as the Brazilian cottontail, forest cottontail, or (formerly) simply tapeti is a species of cottontail rabbit. It is small to medium-sized with a small, dark tail, short hind feet, and short ears. As traditionally defined, its range extends from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, but this includes several distinctive population that have since been split into separate species. Under this narrower definition, the true common tapeti only occurs in the Atlantic Rainforest of coastal northeastern Brazil and it is classified as an endangered species by the IUCN. The American Society of Mammalogists concurs, but also tentatively classifies several distinct populations that have not yet received proper species names into S. brasiliensis, and so considers it to range from Venezuela south to Argentina.
Gortyn
Gortyn, Gortys or Gortyna (Greek: Γόρτυν, Γόρτυς, or Γόρτυνα, pronounced [ˈɣortina]) is a municipality, and an archaeological site, on the Mediterranean island of Crete 45 km (28 mi) away from the island's capital, Heraklion. The seat of the municipality is the village Agioi Deka. Gortyn was the Roman capital of Creta et Cyrenaica. The area was first inhabited around 7000 BC.

It is located in the valley of Messara in the south of the Psiloritis mountain, in the current position of the settlements of Metropolis and Agioi Deka, and near the Libyan Sea.

Crete and Cyrenaica
Crete and Cyrenaica (Latin: Creta et Cyrenaica, Koine Greek: Κρήτη καὶ Κυρηναϊκή, romanized: Krḗtē kaì Kyrēnaïkḗ) was a senatorial province of the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire, established in 67 BC, which included the island of Crete and the region of Cyrenaica in modern-day Libya. These areas were settled by Greek colonists from the eighth to sixth centuries BC. After Alexander the Great's death, his short-lived empire was partitioned between his generals during the Wars of the Diadochi. Cyrenaica ended up under Egyptian rule, except for Crete, which remained independent.
Zinbiel algebra
In mathematics, a Zinbiel algebra or dual Leibniz algebra is a module over a commutative ring with a bilinear product satisfying the defining identity:

Zinbiel algebras were introduced by Jean-Louis Loday (1995).  The name was proposed by Jean-Michel Lemaire as being "opposite" to Leibniz algebra.

In any Zinbiel algebra, the symmetrised product

is associative.

A Zinbiel algebra is the Koszul dual concept to a Leibniz algebra.  The free Zinbiel algebra over V is the tensor algebra with product

where the sum is over all  shuffles.

Jean-Louis Loday
Jean-Louis Loday (12 January 1946 – 6 June 2012) was a French mathematician who worked on cyclic homology and who introduced Leibniz algebras (sometimes called Loday algebras) and Zinbiel algebras.
He occasionally used the pseudonym Guillaume William Zinbiel, formed by reversing the last name of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.
Shah Abdol-Azim Shrine
The Shāh Abdol-Azim Shrine (Persian: شاه عبدالعظیم; Arabic: مرقد الشاه عبد العظيم الحسني) is a Shia shrine and religious complex located in Rey, in the province of Tehran, Iran. The complex contains the tomb of Abd al-Azim al-Hasani, a descendant of the second Shia Imam Hasan. He was entombed here after his death in the 9th century CE.

Adjacent to the shrine, within the complex, are the mausoleums Tahir (son of the fourth Shia Imam - Sajjad) and Hamzeh (brother of the eighth Shia Imam - Reza).

The complex was added to the Iran National Heritage List in 1942, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran. The complex is one of the holiest sites in Shia Islam.

Holiest sites in Shia Islam
Muslims, including Shia, Sunni, Ibadi and other branches, agree on two holiest sites in Islam being the Masjid al-Haram (including the Kaaba) in Mecca; the Masjid an-Nabawi in Medina.

Sites associated with the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatima and son-in-law Ali, the respective Shia Imams descended from them and their family members (collectively referred to as Ahl al-Bayt) are considered holy by the different Shia Muslim sects. Karbala and Najaf in Iraq are two of holiest cities revered by all Shia sects. Additionally, Mashhad and Qom in Iran are two of the holiest cities to Twelver Shia, the largest Shia sect.
Manpo Line
The Manp'o Line is an electrified standard-gauge trunk line of the North Korean State Railway running from Sunch'ŏn on the P'yŏngra Line to Manp'o on the Pukpu Line. The line continues on from Manp'o to Ji'an, China.

Chongnyon Parwon Line
The Ch'ŏngnyŏn P'arwŏn Line is a non-electrified standard-gauge secondary railway line of the Korean State Railway in North P'yŏngan Province, North Korea, running from Kujang on the Manp'o and P'yŏngdŏk Lines to Kusŏng on the P'yŏngbuk Line.

This line serves the Nyŏngbyŏn Nuclear Scientific Research Centre via the Pun'gang Line, which joins the mainline at P'arwŏn.
Ennio Flaiano
Ennio Flaiano (5 March 1910 – 20 November 1972) was an Italian screenwriter, playwright, novelist, journalist, and drama critic. Best known for his work with Federico Fellini, Flaiano co-wrote ten screenplays with the Italian director, including La Strada (1954), La Dolce Vita (1960), and 8½ (1963). He received the 1947 Strega Prize for his novel A Time to Kill.

A Time to Kill (Flaiano novel)
A Time to Kill (Italian: Tempo di uccidere), published in the United States as The Short Cut, is a 1947 novel by the Italian writer Ennio Flaiano. It is about an Italian lieutenant during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War who tells how he accidentally killed an Ethiopian girl while on leave and struggles with guilt.

The book received the Strega Prize. It was adapted into the 1989 film Time to Kill directed by Giuliano Montaldo.
Henri Frager
Henri Jacques Paul Frager (3 March 1897 – 5 October 1944) was a member of the French Resistance during World War II . He was second in command of the CARTE network (under André Girard), then head of the SOE (F section) network DONKEYMAN, rising to the rank of major within SOE.  SOE was a secret British organization. Its objectives were to conduct espionage, sabotage, and reconnaissance in occupied Europe and Asia against the Axis powers, especially Nazi Germany. SOE agents in France allied themselves with resistance groups and supplied them with weapons and equipment parachuted in from Britain. In 1944, Frager was betrayed to the Germans, deported and executed.

André Girard (1901–1968)
André Girard (25 May 1901, Chinon, Indre-et-Loire – 2 September 1968, Nyack, New York) was a French painter, poster-maker and Resistance worker.  During the Second World War he founded and headed the CARTE network, also taking "Carte" as his personal codename.
Carmelo Bene
Carmelo Pompilio Realino Antonio Bene (1 September 1937 – 16 March 2002) was an Italian actor, poet, film director, and screenwriter. He was an important exponent of the Italian avant-garde theatre and cinema. 
In 1968, his movie Our Lady of the Turks won the Special Jury Prize (Venice Film Festival) at the Venice Film Festival. 
He died of a heart ailment in 2002.

Our Lady of the Turks
Nostra Signora dei Turchi (internationally released as Our Lady of the Turks) is a 1968 Italian drama film. It is the feature film debut of Carmelo Bene and it is based on a stage play by the same Bene. It won the  Special Jury Prize at the 1968 Venice Film Festival.

The film was shown as part of a retrospective "Questi fantasmi: Cinema italiano ritrovato" at the 65th Venice International Film Festival.