hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Direct limit
In mathematics, a direct limit is a way to construct a (typically large) object from many (typically smaller) objects that are put together in a specific way. These objects may be groups, rings, vector spaces or in general objects from any category.  The way they are put together is specified by a system of homomorphisms (group homomorphism, ring homomorphism, or in general morphisms in the category) between those smaller objects. The direct limit of the objects , where  ranges over some directed set , is denoted by . This notation suppresses the system of homomorphisms; however, the limit depends on the system of homomorphisms.

Direct limits are a special case of the concept of colimit in category theory. Direct limits are dual to inverse limits, which are a special case of limits in category theory.

Inverse limit
In mathematics, an inverse limit (also called a projective limit) is a construction that allows one to "glue together" several related objects, the precise gluing process being specified by morphisms between the objects. Inverse limits can be defined in any category, although their existence depends on the category that is considered. They are a special case of the concept of a limit in category theory.

By working in the dual category—that is, by reversing the arrows—an inverse limit becomes a direct limit or inductive limit, and a limit becomes a colimit.
Hassan Zia-Zarifi
Hassan Zia-Zarifi (Persian: حسن ضیاظریفی; 1939 – 1975) was an Iranian intellectual and one of the ideological founders of the communist guerrilla movement in Iran.

On April 18, 1975 he was executed extrajudicially along with eight others while in prison in Tehran. The execution generated tremendous internal and foreign criticism against the increasingly oppressive government of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi and helped cement its reputation as a serious violator of human rights.

By the time of his execution, the small group Zia-Zarifi had helped form along with Bijan Jazani had developed into the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas, who posed a serious challenge to the Shah's government.

Bijan Jazani
Bijan Jazani (Persian: بیژن جَزنی, also spelled "Bizhan Jazani"; January 9, 1938, in Tehran – April 19, 1975) was an Iranian political activist and a significant figure among modern Iranian Socialist intellectuals. A Marxist theorist, Jazani was one of the founders of the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas.
Zakomara
Zakomara (Russian and Ukrainian: Закомара; Belarusian: Закамара) is a semicircular or keeled completion of a wall (curtain wall) in early Russian church architecture.

It first appeared in Kievan Rus', reproducing the adjacent to the inner cylindrical (convex, crossed) vault. Early examples can also be found in Belarus and Ukraine. After the 12th century, the zakomara, initially influenced by Byzantine architecture, was adapted into a more uniquely Russian style and it became a distinctive feature of Russian churches before the emergence of Russian Baroque.

False zakomara, which is not repeating the inner shapes of the vault, is called the kokoshnik. Kokoshniks were only made as exterior decorative elements. They were placed on the walls, vaults, as well as the shrinking tiers at the base of the tents and reels of chapters in church buildings.

Kokoshnik architecture
Kokoshnik is a semicircular or keel-like exterior decorative element in the Old Russian architecture, a type of corbel zakomara (that is an arch-like semicircular top of the church wall). Unlike zakomara that continues the curvature of the vault behind and carries a part of the vault's weight, kokoshnik is pure decoration and does not carry any weight. Kokoshnik shares its name with the traditional Russian headdress worn by women and girls. The word itself derives from the Old Slavic word kokosh, which refers to a hen or a cockerel.

Kokoshniks were used in the Russian church architecture from the 16th century, and they were especially popular in the 17th century. They were placed on walls, at the basement of tented roofs or tholobates, over the window frames, or in rows above the vaults.
T17 Deerhound
The T17 armored car, sometimes referred to as the M5 medium armored car and by the British as the Deerhound, was an American six-wheeled armored car produced during the Second World War.

The T17 lost out to the T17E design for British use but 250 vehicles were produced as a stopgap for the United States Army until their preferred design, the M8 armored car was available.

M8 Greyhound
The M8 light armored car is a 6×6 armored car produced by the Ford Motor Company during World War II. It was used from 1943 by United States and British forces in Europe and the Pacific until the end of the war. The vehicle was widely exported and as of 2024 still remained in service with some countries.

In British service, the M8 was known as the "Greyhound", a service name seldom, if ever, used by the US. The British Army found it too lightly armored, particularly the hull floor, which anti-tank mines could easily penetrate (the crews' solution was lining the floor of the crew compartment with sandbags). Nevertheless, it was produced in large numbers. The M8 Greyhound's excellent road mobility made it a great supportive element in the advancing American and British armored columns. It was marginal cross country, especially in mud.
Marconi Company
The Marconi Company was a British telecommunications and engineering company founded by Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi in 1897 which was a pioneer of wireless long distance communication and mass media broadcasting, eventually becoming one of the UK's most successful manufacturing companies.

Its roots were in the Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company, which underwent several changes in name after mergers and acquisitions. In 1999, its defence equipment manufacturing division, Marconi Electronic Systems, merged with British Aerospace (BAe) to form BAE Systems. In 2006, financial difficulties led to the collapse of the remaining company, with the bulk of the business acquired by the Swedish telecommunications company Ericsson.

Marconi Electronic Systems
Marconi Electronic Systems Limited (MES), or GEC-Marconi as it was until 1998, was the defence arm of General Electric Company (GEC). It was split off from GEC and bought by British Aerospace (BAe) on 30 November 1999 to form BAE Systems. GEC then renamed itself Marconi plc.

MES exists today as BAE Systems Electronics Limited, a subsidiary of BAE Systems, but the assets were rearranged elsewhere within that company. MES-related businesses include BAE Systems Submarine Solutions, BAE Systems Surface Ships, BAE Systems Insyte and Selex ES (now a part of Leonardo).
Holtzclaw Creek
Holtzclaw Creek is a stream in Clay County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is an indirect tributary of the Little Platte River via Camp Branch, and is 4.9 miles (7.9 km) long.

Holtzclaw Creek has the name of the local Holtzclaw family.

Little Platte River
The Little Platte River is a river in the northwest Missouri, United States. It is a major tributary of  Platte River and is 66.4 miles long, which makes it its second longest tributary. The river is the primary inflow for Smithville Lake and is its outflow before joining the Platte River. The stream is monitored at two locations, at  Smithville. and just upstream from  Plattsburg.
Bridget Jones's Diary (novel)
Bridget Jones's Diary is a 1996 novel by Helen Fielding. Written in the form of a personal diary, the novel chronicles a year in the life of Bridget Jones, a thirty-something single working woman living in London. She writes about her career, self-image, vices, family, friends, and romantic relationships.

By 2006, the book had sold over two million copies worldwide. Critics have credited Fielding's novel as the "urtext" of the contemporary chick lit movement. A sequel,  The Edge of Reason, was published in 1999, and two further novels, Bridget Jones: Mad About the Boy and Bridget Jones's Baby, were published in 2013 and 2016 respectively. The original novel was adapted into a popular 2001 film; it was later developed into a series with the latest sequel released in 2025.

Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason (novel)
Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason is a 1999 novel by Helen Fielding, a sequel to her popular Bridget Jones' Diary. It chronicles Bridget Jones's adventures after she begins to suspect that her boyfriend, Mark Darcy, is falling for a rich young solicitor, Rebecca, who works with him. The comic novel follows the characteristic ups and downs of the self-proclaimed singleton's first real relationship in several years. It also involves misunderstandings, work mishaps, and an adventure in Southeast Asia involving planted drugs and Madonna songs.

In 2004, a film adaptation was released.

Two further novels, Bridget Jones: Mad about the Boy and Bridget Jones's Baby, were published in 2013 and 2016 respectively.
Pravind Jugnauth
Pravind Kumar Jugnauth (born 25 December 1961) is a Mauritian politician and former Prime Minister, succeeding, Aneerood Jugnauth, his father, who retired as leader of the majority in 2017. Following the victory of his, Alliance Morisien, coalition in the 2019 Mauritian General Elections, he remained in office, eventually losing the 2024 Mauritian general election. Jugnauth is the leader of the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) party. He has held a number of ministerial portfolios and also been Leader of the Opposition.

Anerood Jugnauth
Sir Anerood Jugnauth GCSK KCMG PC QC (29 March 1930 – 3 June 2021) was a Mauritian statesman, barrister, and key political figure. He served six terms as Prime Minister, two terms as President and one term as Leader of Opposition. Often called the father of the Mauritian economic miracle, he led Mauritius through unprecedented economic growth and modernization as both Prime Minister and President.

He diversified the economy beyond sugarcane into tourism, textiles, offshore services, IT, and knowledge sectors, while modernizing infrastructure like airports, ports, and roads.

Under his leadership, Mauritius became a republic in 1992, improved living standards, expanded social welfare, and secured UNESCO World Heritage Sites. He also championed Mauritius’s sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago internationally, leaving a legacy of economic prosperity and political stability for the country.
China Shipping Group
China Shipping Group Company was a former shipping corporation from 1997 to 2016, owned by the State Council of China and supervised by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council. The company merged with China Ocean Shipping Company to form China COSCO Shipping Corporation in January 2016.

China Shipping Group was mainly engaged in shipping of oil tankers, passenger ships and container vessels. Other related businesses included ship and Terminal management, finance and investment, engineering, human resources, trading and information technology.

COSCO Shipping
China COSCO Shipping Corporation Limited (branded as COSCO Shipping) is a Chinese state-owned multinational marine transportation service conglomerate, headquartered in Shanghai. It was established in 2016 by the merger between China Ocean Shipping Company and China Shipping Group Company.: 192–193  It is owned by the State Council of China and supervised by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council.
Young Israel Shomrai Emunah
Young Israel Shomrai Emunah (abbreviated as YISE) is an Orthodox synagogue located at 1132 Arcola Avenue, in Kemp Mill, Montgomery County, Maryland, in the United States. Established as a congregation in 1951, it was the first Orthodox synagogue established in Montgomery County. It is one of the largest Orthodox synagogues in Maryland and is recognized as a key synagogue in the Silver Spring, Maryland area.

Kemp Mill, Maryland
Kemp Mill is a census-designated place and an unincorporated census area in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It is known for its creekside walkways, calm suburban atmosphere, Brookside Gardens, and numerous hiking trails. Home to the largest Orthodox Jewish community on the East Coast between Baltimore and Miami, it hosts more than half a dozen synagogues within its boundaries. It is  commonly referred to by American Jews as a "shtetl". The population was 13,378 at the 2020 census.

Kemp Mill census area consists of multiple subdivisions, including Kemp Mill Estates, Kemp Mill Farms, Kemp Mill Forest, and  Springbrook Forest. The community also includes University Towers, with 523 condominium units, and the Warwick, with 393 rental units. The neighborhood has over 1,693 houses.
Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway
The Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway or Omaha Road (reporting mark CMO) was a railroad in the U.S. states of Nebraska, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and South Dakota. It was incorporated in 1880 as a consolidation of the Chicago, St. Paul and Minneapolis Railway and the North Wisconsin Railway. The Chicago and North Western Railway (C&NW) gained control in 1882. The C&NW leased the Omaha Road in 1957 and merged the company into itself in 1972.

Today, portions of the C. St. P. M. and O. are part of the Union Pacific Railroad network, including  main lines from Wyeville, Wisconsin, to St. Paul, Minnesota, and St. Paul to Sioux City, Iowa.

Chicago, St. Paul and Minneapolis Railway
The Chicago, St. Paul and Minneapolis Railway was authorized in 1879 to build a railroad from the Eastern border of Minnesota to Minneapolis. In 1878, it obtained the re-organized West Wisconsin Railway, which had built from Hudson, Wisconsin to Elroy, Wisconsin.

In 1881, it obtained the re-organized St. Paul and Sioux City Railroad, from its railroad junction in Le Mars, Iowa north to St. Paul. This trackage is currently part of the Union Pacific Railroad route from St. Paul to Sioux City, Iowa.

Also in 1881, its rights were granted to a new railroad organization, in a merger with the North Wisconsin Railway, to the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway. This route is also currently part of the Union Pacific, and is the track from the crossing of the St. Croix River at Hudson, Wisconsin to East Minneapolis.
Lehi station
Lehi station, also known as Thanksgiving Point station, is a FrontRunner commuter rail station in Lehi, Utah. It is operated by the Utah Transit Authority (UTA) and is part of the FrontRunner South extension.

FrontRunner
FrontRunner (reporting mark UFRC) is a commuter railway operated by the Utah Transit Authority (UTA) that runs along the Wasatch Front in north-central Utah with service from Ogden Central station in central Weber County through Davis County, Salt Lake City, and Salt Lake County to Provo Central station in central Utah County. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 4,128,700, or about 14,900 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Princess Cruises
Princess Cruises is an American cruise line owned by Carnival Corporation & plc. The company headquarters are in Santa Clarita, California and is incorporated in Bermuda. As of 2025, it is the sixth largest cruise line by net revenue. It was previously a subsidiary of P&O Princess Cruises. The line has 17 ships cruising global itineraries that are marketed to both American and international passengers.

In the 1980s, Princess rose in prominence after American television series The Love Boat was set primarily on the Pacific Princess in its weekly episodes, and the brand has since continued to invoke its connection to the series. The Sun Princess was also prominently featured in the 1975 Columbo episode "Troubled Waters".

Carnival Corporation & plc
Carnival Corporation & plc is an Anglo-American cruise line operator that owns more than 90 vessels across eight brands.

A dual-listed company, Carnival is composed of the Panama-incorporated, U.S.-headquartered Carnival Corporation, and UK-based Carnival plc, which function as one entity. Carnival Corporation is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and Carnival plc on the London Stock Exchange with an ADR listing on the NYSE. Carnival is listed in the S&P 500 and FTSE 250 indices.

Carnival Corporation's operational headquarters are in Doral, Florida. Carnival plc's headquarters are in Southampton, England.
Takatsukasa Fusahiro
Takatsukasa Fusahiro (鷹司 房熙; September 6, 1710 – June 9, 1730), son of Konoe Iehiro and adopted son of Takatsukasa Kanehiro, was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the Edo period (1603–1868). He did not hold regent positions sesshō and kampaku. He and his wife did not have a son, but they adopted one Hisasuke.

Takatsukasa Hisasuke
Takatsukasa Hisasuke (鷹司 尚輔; 1726 – April 19, 1733), son of Konoe Iehiro and adopted son of Fusahiro, was a kuge or Japanese court noble of the Edo period (1603–1868). He died at age 8 of illness after inheriting the Takatsukasa family at age 5. His wife and he did not have a son.
Peter Jefferson
Peter Jefferson (February 29, 1708 – August 17, 1757) was a planter, cartographer,  and politician in colonial Virginia best known for being the father of the third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson. The "Fry-Jefferson Map", created by Peter in collaboration with Joshua Fry in 1757, accurately charted the Allegheny Mountains for the first time and showed the northbound route of "The Great Road from the Yadkin River through Virginia to Philadelphia distant 455 Miles", which later became Great Wagon Road. The map also indicates the southbound route of the Trading Path from Petersburg, Virginia to Old Hawfields, North Carolina and beyond.

Joshua Fry
Colonel Joshua Fry (1699–1754) was an English-born American adventurer who became a professor, then real estate investor and local official in the colony of Virginia. Although he served several terms in the House of Burgesses, he may be best known as a surveyor and cartographer who collaborated with Peter Jefferson, the father of future U.S. president Thomas Jefferson.  After Fry’s death on a military expedition, George Washington became commanding officer of the Virginia Regiment, a key unit in what became the French and Indian War.
3rd The King's Own Hussars
The 3rd (The King's Own) Hussars was a cavalry regiment of the British Army, first raised in 1685. It saw service for three centuries, including the First and the Second World Wars, before being amalgamated with the 7th Queen's Own Hussars, to form the Queen's Own Hussars in November 1958.

Queen's Own Hussars
The Queen's Own Hussars (QOH), was a cavalry regiment of the British Army, formed from the amalgamation of the 3rd The King's Own Hussars and the 7th Queen's Own Hussars at Candahar Barracks, Tidworth in 1958. The regiment served in Aden and Northern Ireland and as part of the British Army of the Rhine. The regiment was amalgamated with the Queen's Royal Irish Hussars to form the Queen's Royal Hussars on 1 September 1993.
Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute
The Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute (CHCI) is a Hispanic nonprofit and nonpartisan 501(c)(3) leadership development organization established in 1978 by organizing members of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus (CHC) and is headquartered in Washington, D.C.

The institution is governed by voting members of its board of directors and supported by an advisory council composed of Members of Congress, corporate executives, industry experts, nonprofit leaders, and community advocates.

U.S. Representative for Florida's 9th congressional district, Representative Darren Soto, currently holds the position of CHCI Chair, and Marco A. Davis serves as president and CEO.

Congressional Hispanic Caucus
The Congressional Hispanic Caucus (CHC) is an organization of 42 Democratic members of the United States Congress of Hispanic and Latino descent. The Caucus focuses on issues affecting Hispanics and Latinos in the United States. The CHC was founded in December 1976 as a legislative service organization of the United States House of Representatives. The CHC is organized as a Congressional Member organization, governed under the Rules of the U.S. House of Representatives.

As of the 118th Congress, the CHC is composed entirely of Democrats, although at its founding it was a bipartisan organization. Hispanic Republican members of Congress formed the Congressional Hispanic Conference in 2003 after leaving in the late 1990s over policy differences. The CHC has refused to admit Republican members in recent years, denying admission to Carlos Curbelo in 2017 and Mayra Flores in 2022.
Komiks Presents: Flash Bomba
Komiks Presents: Flash Bomba is a Philippine television drama fantasy series broadcast by ABS-CBN. This series is based on the comic strip at the same title by Mars Ravelo, the series is the seventh installment of Komiks. Directed by Dondon S. Santos, it stars Luis Manzano and Roxanne Guinoo. It aired on the network's Yes Weekend line up from February 14 to April 25, 2009, replacing Komiks Presents: Dragonna and was replaced by Komiks: Nasaan Ka Maruja?. The Ravelos commissioned Reno Maniquis some years back to re-design Flash Bomba's costume for modern times and he also did the logo design for Flash Bomba.

Two superheroes meet as the hot heroine Dragonna bids goodbye in her last fight and the bombastic Flash Bomba begins his adventure.

Komiks (TV series)
Komiks (lit. 'comics') is a Philippine fantasy drama anthology television series broadcast by ABS-CBN. It aired on the network's Saturday evening line up from February 4, 2006, to August 8, 2009, replacing My Juan and Only and was replaced by Agimat: Ang Mga Alamat ni Ramon Revilla. The series featured popular local comic book stories by Filipino comic writers Pablo S. Gomez, Francisco V. Coching, Mars Ravelo, Elena M. Patron and Jim M. Fernandez.
Outpost: Black Sun
Outpost: Black Sun, also known as Outpost 2, is a 2012 British war horror film directed by Steve Barker, based on a script written by himself and Rae Brunton. It is a sequel to Barker's 2008 film Outpost. The film was later followed by Outpost: Rise of the Spetsnaz, the third entry in the series.

Outpost (2008 film)
Outpost is a 2008 British war horror film, directed by Steve Barker and written by Rae Brunton, about a rough group of experienced mercenaries who find themselves fighting for their lives after being hired to take a mysterious businessman into the woods to locate a World War II-era military bunker.
Culvestan
Culvestan was a hundred of Shropshire, England. Formed during Anglo-Saxon England, it encompassed manors in central southern Shropshire, and was amalgamated during the reign of Henry I (1100 to 1135) with the neighbouring hundred of Patton to form the Munslow hundred.

The hundred of Culvestan centred on the lower Corvedale but also included the Strettondale, and stretched from Cardington in the north to Ashford in the south. At the time of the Domesday Book (1086) it betwixt Leintwardine hundred (which stretched northwards in the vicinity of the Roman road towards Wroxeter).

The manors of Aldon, Bromfield, Stanton and Stokesay were notably well-populated manors in Culvestan as recorded in the Book. Stanton had the greatest population in the county measured by number of households, as well as the fourth-greatest monetary value. The four, plus Onibury, occupied an expansive area at the confluences of the Corve and Onny with the River Teme.

Munslow (hundred)
Munslow is a hundred of Shropshire, England. It was formed with the amalgamation of the Anglo-Saxon hundreds of Patton and Culvestan during the reign of Henry I (1100 to 1135). Hundreds in England had various judicial, fiscal and other local government functions, their importance gradually declining from the end of manorialism to the latter part of the 19th century.

The hundred is named after the village of Munslow, where the hundred's judicial and administrative functions were mostly carried out. The 'hundred house' for Munslow hundred was originally located in neighbouring Aston Munslow, but from the Tudor period was located in Munslow itself.