hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raid on Mount's Bay
The Raid on Mounts Bay also known as the Spanish attack on Mounts Bay was a Spanish raid on Cornwall, England, that took place between 2 and 4 August 1595 in the context of the Brittany Campaign during the Anglo-Spanish war of 1585-1604. It was conducted by a Spanish naval squadron led by Carlos de Amésquita on patrol from Brittany, France. The Spanish made landfall in Mount's Bay, then sacked and burned Newlyn, Mousehole, Penzance, and Paul, beating a militia force under Francis Godolphin in the process.

Carlos de Amésquita
Carlos de Amésquita (also Carlos de Amézqueta or Carlos de Amézola) was a Spanish naval officer of the 16th century. He is remembered for his raid on English soil, known as the Raid on Mount's Bay, in the context of the Brittany Campaign during the Anglo-Spanish War 1585–1604.

Amésquita commanded three companies and four galleys (named Capitana, Patrona, Peregrina and Bazana). They disembarked at Penmarch on 26 July, and in Mount's Bay (Cornwall) on 2 August.

After burning the town of Mousehole, Amésquita and his men embarked on their galleys and sailed for two miles, after which they disembarked again, conquered and burned the fort of Penzance down, Newlyn, and Penzance. They celebrated a mass at St. Mary Chapel at Penzance, where they promised to celebrate another mass after England had been defeated.
Brad W. Foster
Brad W. Foster (born April 26, 1955) is an American illustrator, cartoonist, writer and publisher. He has also been Artist Guest of Honor at multiple conventions such as ArmadilloCon 10, Conestoga 9, Archon 35, NASFiC 2010, and 73rd World Science Fiction Convention.

ReConStruction
ReConStruction was the tenth occasional North American Science Fiction Convention.  It was held in Raleigh, North Carolina, on August 5–8, 2010, at the Raleigh Convention Center, Marriott City Center, and the Downtown Raleigh Sheraton. This NASFiC was held because Melbourne, Australia, was selected as the location for the 2010 Worldcon.
Bhavnath
Bhavnath is a locality in Junagadh city of Gujarat, India. It sits near the Girnar mountain range, close to Girnar Taleti, the place from where pilgrims have to ascend on foot to get to temples on Girnar hills.

Girnar
Girnar is an ancient hill in Junagadh, Gujarat, India. It is one of the  holiest pilgrimages of Jains, a Mahatirth, where the 22nd Tirthaṅkar, Lord Neminath attained omniscience, and later nirvana at its highest peak (Neminath Shikhar), along with other five hundred and thirty three enlightened sages. This is well described in ancient texts such as Kalpa Sūtra written by acharya Bhadrabāhu and Shri Uttaradhyayana Sutra by Arya Sudharmaswami. It is administered by the Junagadh Municipal Corporation.
Komodo people
The Komodo people (Komodo: Ata Modo; Indonesian: Orang Komodo) were an Austronesian ethnic group native to the island of Komodo, West Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara in Indonesia. They called themselves Ata Modo (lit. 'Modo people') and called the island they inhabited Tana Modo. Anthropologist J.A.J. Verheijen dubbed them "Komodo people" in 1989.

The island's present-day residents are descendants of former convicts who were exiled to Komodo, and who have mixed with Bugis people from the southern part of Sulawesi. The population is primarily adherents of Islam, but there are also Christian and Hindu congregations.

Komodo language
The Komodo language (Wana Modo) is a language spoken by the present-day inhabitants of Komodo Island, with a small population of speakers on mainland Flores, as well as by the extinct Komodo people.

Komodo belongs to the Austronesian language family, and is a distinct and separate language from Manggarai.

In the Komodo language, the famous Komodo dragons are known as sebae 'twins', due to belief by the Komodo people that they share the same spiritual mother as the dragons.
The Flor Contemplacion Story
The Flor Contemplacion Story is a 1995 Philippine biographical crime thriller drama film directed by Joel C. Lamangan from a screenplay written by Ricky Lee and Bonifacio Ilagan, based on a story supplied by Efren Contemplacion. Starring Nora Aunor, the film tells the story of a Filipina domestic helper who was hanged in Singapore for allegedly killing her fellow maid and was chronicled in a film which operates on various personal, social and political levels.

A film produced by Viva Films that was both critically acclaimed and controversial, The Flor Contemplacion Story brought Nora Aunor numerous citations for her intense portrayal as the fallen heroine of the story. It was later screened and exhibited in different film festivals around the world, particularly at the 19th Cairo International Film Festival where the film won the Golden Pyramid Award and its lead star, Nora Aunor, won the Princess Pataten Award for Best Actress.

Flor Contemplacion
Flor Ramos Contemplacion (7 January 1953 – 17 March 1995) was a Filipina domestic worker who was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murdering a fellow Filipina maid and the three-year-old boy whom she was babysitting. At the time, her case as well as her eventual sentencing severely strained diplomatic relations between the Philippines and Singapore, although relations soon recovered.
Victims of Yalta
Victims of Yalta (British title) or The Secret Betrayal (American title) is a 1977 book by Nikolai Tolstoy that chronicles the fate of Soviet citizens who had been under German control during World War II and at its end fallen into the hands of the Western Allies. According to the secret Moscow agreement from 1944 that was confirmed  at the 1945 Yalta Conference, all citizens of the Soviet Union were to be repatriated  without choice—a death sentence for many by execution or extermination through labour.

Nikolai Tolstoy
Count Nikolai Dmitrievich Tolstoy-Miloslavsky (Russian: Граф Николай Дмитриевич Толстой-Милославский; born 23 June 1935) is a Russian–British historian and writer. He is a former parliamentary candidate for the UK Independence Party and is the current nominal head of the House of Tolstoy, a Russian noble family.
Anbar campaign (2013–2014)
Beginning in December 2012, Sunnis in Iraq protested against the Maliki government. On 28 December 2013, a Sunni MP named Ahmed al-Alwani was arrested in a raid on his home in Ramadi. Alwani was a prominent supporter of the anti-government protests. This incident led to violence in Al Anbar Governorate between the Iraqi Army and a loose alliance of tribal militias and other groups fighting alongside the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).

In January 2014, the anti-government forces took control of Fallujah, and there was heavy fighting in Ramadi. In March the Iraqi army secured Ramadi and attempted to regain Fallujah. In June, ISIL launched a major offensive in Anbar in conjunction with their assault on northern Iraq. By 23 June, they controlled at least 70% of Anbar.

Battle of Ramadi (2014–2015)
The Battle of Ramadi, also called the Fall of Ramadi, was part of an ISIL offensive to capture all of the Anbar Province. Ramadi was one of the Iraqi government's last strongholds in Anbar, after ISIL's success in a previous campaign. The battle began in November 2014, and drew to a close on 14 May 2015, as Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) insurgents seized hold of government buildings following heavy house to house urban fighting. On 17 May, the Iraqi Army and special forces fled the city, with 500 civilians and security personnel dead.
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
The Museum of Fine Arts (often abbreviated as MFA Boston or MFA) is an art museum in Boston, Massachusetts. It is the 20th-largest art museum in the world, measured by public gallery area. It contains 8,161 paintings and more than 450,000 works of art, making it one of the most comprehensive collections in the Americas. With more than 1.2 million visitors a year, it is the 83rd-most-visited art museum in the world as of 2024.

Founded in 1870 in Copley Square, the museum moved to its current Fenway location in 1909. It is affiliated with the School of the Museum of Fine Arts at Tufts.

Copley Square
Copley Square /ˈkɒpli/ is a public square in Boston's Back Bay neighborhood, bounded by Boylston Street, Clarendon Street, St. James Avenue, and Dartmouth Street. The square is named for painter John Singleton Copley. Prior to 1883 it was known as Art Square due to its many cultural institutions, some of which remain today.
Commissioner of Crown Lands (Australia)
The Commissioner of Crown Lands was a government official who was appointed to administer crown (government) land in the various Australian colonies.

In New South Wales, from 1836, each land district had its own Commissioner of Crown Lands reporting to a Chief Commissioner of Crown Lands. From 1839, each commissioner had responsibilities in relation to the Border Police of New South Wales and, depending on the land district, was sometimes involved in frontier violence and suppression of local Aboriginal people. The position of Chief Commissioner lapsed in 1878 and the commissioners' positions were abolished around 1880.

In Western Australia at Federation the position became Minister for Lands in the state government.

Minister for Lands (Western Australia)
Minister for Planning and Lands is a position in the government of Western Australia, currently held by John Carey of the Labor Party. The position was first created in 1870, under the name Commissioner of Crown Lands, at a time when Western Australia was still a British colony and had not yet achieved responsible government. Except for a brief period between 2001 and 2003, it has existed in every government since then. The minister is currently responsible for the state government's Land Use Management division comprising part of the Department of Planning, Lands and Heritage, which is responsible for the management of crown land in Western Australia.
Apocalypse (Cigarettes After Sex song)
"Apocalypse" is a song by American band Cigarettes After Sex, released as the second single from their debut album Cigarettes After Sex on March 21, 2017. It was written and produced by vocalist Greg Gonzalez. It did not chart internationally until 2022, following its use in TikTok trends. The song, as of August 26, 2025, has amassed over 2 billion streams on Spotify.

Cigarettes After Sex (album)
Cigarettes After Sex is the debut studio album by American dream pop band Cigarettes After Sex. It was released on June 9, 2017, by Partisan Records and received positive reviews from critics. As of May 2018, it had sold over 20,000 copies in the United Kingdom.
Sanitary bin
A sanitary bin is a small receptacle for used menstrual hygiene products that is usually installed in toilet cubicles in many countries of the world. In New York, USA, in 1952 George S. James patented a 'sanitary waste disposal bin'. In the United Kingdom in 1955, Cannon Hygiene were the first waste management company to supply sanitary bins.

George S. James
George S. James, an American inventor, patented the 'sanitary waste disposal bin' in New York in April 1952, calling it "a convenient method for the disposal of sanitary napkins." He designed it to have a hinged opening in the cover.
Tambagoko River
The Tambagoko River (Tagalog: Ilog Tambagoko; Cebuano: Suba sa Tambagoko) is a stream located in Sibagat, Agusan del Sur, Caraga Region, Philippines. It is a tributary of the Sibagat River with headwaters located in the hinterlands of Barangays Perez and Sta. Cruz.

Wawa River (Agusan del Sur)
The Wawa River (Tagalog: Ilog Wawa; Cebuano: Suba sa Wawa) is a river located in Caraga, in northeastern Mindanao, the southern Philippine island. Its headwaters traverse the municipalities of Sibagat, Bayugan, and Esperanza (all within the province of Agusan del Sur). The Wawa River is a tributary of the larger Agusan River.
No Surrender (2026)
The 2026 No Surrender was a professional wrestling event produced by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. It took place on February 13, 2026, at The Pinnacle in Nashville, Tennessee and aired exclusively on TNA+. It was the 17th event under the No Surrender chronology. Wrestlers from WWE's NXT brand, with which TNA has a partnership, also appeared at the event.

Ten matches were contested at the event, including two on the Countdown to No Surrender pre-show. In the main event, TNA World Champion Mike Santana and TNA X Division Champion Leon Slater defeated Nic Nemeth and Eddie Edwards. In other prominent matches, NXT's Arianna Grace defeated Léi Yǐng Lee to win the TNA Knockouts World Championship, and Trey Miguel defeated NXT's Channing "Stacks" Lorenzo to win the TNA International Championship. The event featured an appearance by TNA Hall of Famer Mickie James.

TNA Knockouts World Championship
The TNA Knockouts World Championship is a women's professional wrestling world championship owned by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). The championship debuted on October 14, 2007, at the Bound for Glory pay-per-view (PPV) event and the inaugural champion was Gail Kim. Arianna Grace is the current champion in her first reign. She won the title by defeating Léi Yǐng Lee at No Surrender in Nashville, Tennessee, on February 13, 2026.
Lloyd Bridges
Lloyd Vernet Bridges Jr. (January 15, 1913 – March 10, 1998) was an American film, stage and television actor who starred in a number of television series and appeared in more than 150 feature films. He was the father of four children, including the actors Beau Bridges and Jeff Bridges. He started his career as a contract performer for Columbia Pictures, appearing in films such as Sahara (1943), A Walk in the Sun (1945), Little Big Horn (1951) and High Noon (1952). On television, he starred in Sea Hunt (1958–1961). By the end of his career, he had re-invented himself and demonstrated a comedic talent in such parody films as Airplane! (1980), Hot Shots! (1991), and Jane Austen's Mafia! (1998). Among other honors, Bridges was a two-time Emmy Award nominee. He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on February 1, 1994.

Mafia!
Mafia!, also known as Jane Austen's Mafia!, is a 1998 American crime parody film directed by Jim Abrahams and starring Jay Mohr, Lloyd Bridges (in one of his final films), Olympia Dukakis and Christina Applegate. It was Abrahams’ final directorial effort before his death in 2024.

The film spoofs Francis Ford Coppola's Godfather series and various other mafia films, notably Martin Scorsese's Casino (1995). It also parodies films in other genres, ranging from Forrest Gump to Il Postino and The English Patient.

In the film, a Korean War veteran avenges an assassination attempt on his crime boss father. The veteran subsequently manages a casino in Las Vegas, until surviving another assassination attempt. He sets out to gain vengeance, and to regain the love of his ex-girlfriend. By that point his girlfriend had been elected as the President of the United States, and he has to convince her to postpone her plans for world peace.
Dekochari
The Dekochari or decoration charinko (デコチャリ or デコレーション・チャリンコ, dekochari or dekorēshon charinko) is a form of art bike indigenous to Japan dating back to the mid-1970s. "Deko" in Japanese is short for "decoration" and "chari" is slang for "bike". The dekochari was a response by children to the Dekotora ("tora" is short for "truck") craze which swept Japan after a series of movies called Truck Yaro was released. These movies featured giant trucks decked out in chrome and flashy lights.

Unable to drive the giant chrome-plated flashing trucks they coveted, children instead built plywood boxes around their bikes and attached chrome plating and lights. Almost all current Dekocharis have elaborate light displays and many include hi-fi audio systems and cup-holders.

There are currently several dekochari bike gangs in Japan, including the All Japan Hishyomaru fleet, the All Japan DC Club Ryumaki and the All Japan Kyokugenmaru Gang.

Dekotora
Dekotora or decotora (デコトラ, dekotora), an abbreviation for "decoration truck", are a style of decorated trucks in Japan. Commonly featuring neon, LED or ultraviolet lights, detailed paintjobs and murals, and stainless steel or golden parts (both on the exterior and the interior), dekotora may be created by workers out of their work trucks for fun, or they may be designed by hobbyists for special events. They are sometimes also referred to as art trucks (アートトラック), ātotorakku)).
Donar's Oak
Donar's Oak (also Thor's Oak or, via interpretatio romana, Jove's Oak) was a sacred tree of the Germanic pagans located in an unclear location around what is now Hesse, Germany. According to the 8th-century Vita Bonifatii auctore Willibaldo, Saint Boniface, an Anglo-Saxon missionary, and his retinue cut down the tree earlier in the same century. Wood from the oak was then reportedly used to build a church at the site dedicated to Saint Peter. Sacred trees and sacred groves were widely venerated by the Germanic peoples.

Sacred trees and groves in Germanic paganism and mythology
Trees hold a particular role in Germanic paganism and Germanic mythology, both as individuals (sacred trees) and in groups (sacred groves). The central role of trees in Germanic religion is noted in the earliest written reports about the Germanic peoples, with the Roman historian Tacitus stating that Germanic cult practices took place exclusively in groves rather than temples. Scholars consider that reverence for and rites performed at individual trees are derived from the mythological role of the world tree, Yggdrasil; onomastic and some historical evidence also connects individual deities to both groves and individual trees. After Christianisation, trees continue to play a significant role in the folk beliefs of the Germanic peoples.
Ruth Ann Baldwin
Ruth Ann Baldwin (September 30, 1886 – ) was an American journalist who became a silent film writer and director active during the 1910s, making her one of the first female directors in America. Unfortunately, as is common with many women filmmakers in the 20th century, there is little known about her aside from her 31 writing credits and 12 directing credits from 1913-1921. Most of Baldwin's films were destroyed in the 1924 fire at Universal Studios.

Baldwin is best known for her film, '49-'17; This film is notable for being one of the first Westerns directed by a woman, marking a significant milestone in early cinema.

'49–'17
'49–'17 is a 1917 American silent Western film directed by Ruth Ann Baldwin and starring Joseph W. Girard, Leo Pierson and William J. Dyer.: 93

Baldwin began work on writing and directing a silent film called '49–'17, in 1917. It was the first Western directed by a woman. The film was five reels, and according to The New York Clipper, it was "being produced on a more elaborate scale than any play she has yet handled". Based on the short story "The Old West Per Contract", it starred Joseph Girard and Leo Pierson.

A complete print of this film is held by the Library of Congress.
Keegan Bradley
Keegan Hansen Bradley (born June 7, 1986) is an American professional golfer who competes on the PGA Tour. He has won eight tour events, most notably the 2011 PGA Championship. He is one of six golfers to win in his major debut, along with Ben Curtis, Fred Herd, Willie Park, Sr., Francis Ouimet and Horace Rawlins. He was the 2011 PGA Tour Rookie of the Year and has briefly featured in the top ten of the Official World Golf Ranking. He captained Team USA in the 2025 Ryder Cup.

2025 Ryder Cup
The 45th Ryder Cup Matches was a golf tournament in 2025 for the Ryder Cup, a biennial competition between Europe and the United States.  It was held in the United States from September 26–28 on the Black Course of Bethpage State Park in Farmingdale, New York.  Europe beat the United States by a score of 15 to 13, becoming the first away team to win the event since 2012.

The behavior of the American crowds during the event was criticized, with Sky News calling it "the most abusive Ryder Cup in almost a century of matches" and Rory McIlroy stating that "golf should be held to a higher standard". The President of the United States, Donald Trump, attended the event as a spectator, the first time a sitting president has attended the Ryder Cup.
Sexual Abuse (journal)
Sexual Abuse is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes articles about the clinical and theoretical aspects of sexual abuse, including its etiology, consequences, prevention, treatment, and management strategies. It is the official journal of the Association for the Treatment and Prevention of Sexual Abuse. The editor-in-chief is Michael Seto. Ronald Langevin established the journal under the title Annals of Sex Research in 1988. It adopted the name Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment in 1995 and then its current name in 2015.

Ronald Langevin
Ronald Lindsay André "Ron" Langevin (born September 28, 1940) is a Canadian forensic psychologist at the University of Toronto. He is the founding editor of Annals of Sex Research, now titled Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment.
Gérard Debreu
Gérard Debreu (French: [dəbʁø]; 4 July 1921 – 31 December 2004) was a French-born economist and mathematician. Best known as a professor of economics at the University of California, Berkeley, where he began work in 1962, he won the 1983 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.

Kenneth Arrow
Kenneth Joseph Arrow (August 23, 1921 – February 21, 2017) was an American economist, mathematician and political theorist. He received the John Bates Clark Medal in 1957, and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1972, along with John Hicks.

In economics, Arrow was a major figure in postwar neoclassical economic theory. Four of his students (Roger Myerson, Eric Maskin, John Harsanyi, and Michael Spence) went on to become Nobel laureates themselves. His contributions to social choice theory, notably his "impossibility theorem", and his work on general equilibrium analysis are significant. His work in many other areas of economics, including endogenous growth theory and the economics of information, was also foundational.
Willie Russell
William Fraser Russell (born 6 December 1901 in Falkirk, died 30 November 1944) was a Scottish professional footballer who played as an inside right. He scored both goals for Airdrieonians in the 1924 Scottish Cup Final.

Airdrieonians F.C. (1878)
Airdrieonians Football Club, more commonly known as Airdrie, was a Scottish professional football team from the town of Airdrie, in the Monklands area of Lanarkshire.

The club became defunct at the end of the Scottish Football League 2001–02 season, despite the team finishing as runners-up in the SFL First Division to Partick Thistle and therefore only narrowly missing out on promotion to the Scottish Premier League.

During their 124-year existence the "Diamonds", as they were nicknamed, won the old Scottish Division Two three times, the Spring Cup once and the Scottish Challenge Cup on three occasions. The club also competed in four separate Scottish Cup finals; winning the competition in 1924.

Airdrieonians were the first club in the Scottish League to fold since 1967, when Third Lanark went bankrupt.