hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leyland Line
The Leyland Line was a British shipping transport line founded in 1873 by Frederick Richards Leyland after his apprenticeship in the firm of John Bibby, Sons & Co. After Frederick Leyland's death, the company was taken over by Sir John Ellerman in 1892. In 1902, the company was bought by the International Mercantile Marine Company and a portion of its fleet was withdrawn from service and transferred to the Ellerman Lines. The company was liquidated in 1935 after a period of declining influence due to the Great Depression.

Sir John Ellerman, 1st Baronet
Sir John Reeves Ellerman, 1st Baronet, CH (15 May 1862 – 16 July 1933) was an English shipowner and investor, believed to be the richest man in England. An accountant by training, he learned to identify underpriced companies and acquired them, often as sole stakeholder. His shipping interests were combined into the Ellerman Lines, and he also invested in newspapers, breweries, coal, and London property. Despite his wealth, his personal life was modest and private.
Tenjō-ji
Tōri Tenjō-ji (忉利天上寺), officially Mayazan Tenjō-ji (仏母摩耶山天上寺) or Mayazan Tenjō-ji (摩耶山天上寺), is a Shingon Buddhist temple in eastern Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The temple is located on Mount Maya (699 metres (2,293 ft)) in the Nada ward of Kobe.

Mount Maya
Mount Maya (摩耶山, Maya-san) is a 698.6-metre-high (2,292 ft) mountain in Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. This mountain is one of the major peaks of the Rokkō Mountains, and is the most popular peak for visitors on the West-Rokkō Mountains.
Adam's Rib
Adam's Rib is a 1949 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by George Cukor from a screenplay written by Ruth Gordon and Garson Kanin. It stars Spencer Tracy and Katharine Hepburn as married lawyers who come to oppose each other in court. Judy Holliday co-stars as the third lead in her second credited movie role.  Also featured are Tom Ewell, David Wayne, and Jean Hagen. The music was composed by Miklós Rózsa, and the song "Farewell, Amanda" was written by Cole Porter.

The film was well received upon its release and is considered a classic romantic comedy. It ranked at No. 22 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs list. In 1992, it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
Rinne cabinet
The cabinet of Antti Rinne was the 75th government of Finland. It was formed following the parliamentary election of 2019 and was formally appointed by President Sauli Niinistö on 6 June 2019.  The cabinet consisted of a coalition formed by the Social Democratic Party, the Centre Party, the Green League, the Left Alliance, and the Swedish People's Party. The cabinet's Prime Minister was Antti Rinne.

This government was the first centre-left coalition to lead Finland since the Lipponen II Cabinet in 2003. The Rinne coalition had a total of 117 seats (58.5%) in the 200-seat parliament.

Rinne announced the resignation of his government due to mishandling a postal strike on 3 December 2019. It continued its term as a caretaker government until a new government, the Marin Cabinet, was formed.

2019 Finnish postal strike
The 2019 Finnish postal strike was a series of strikes and protests that resulted in the resignation of Prime Minister Antti Rinne and his cabinet. In November 2019, Rinne and local government minister Sirpa Paatero were accused of giving misinformation, specifically about the transfer of work-contracts of 700 Posti (Finland's state owned postal service) package handlers, which would result in lower pay. The strike led to a one-day sympathy strike by Finland's transport sector, which gradually escalated into a general strike by multiple trade unions. It ultimately led to the resignation of Prime Minister Rinne, when the Centre Party withdrew its support from his cabinet.
Mercure (hotel)
Mercure is a French midscale hotel chain owned by Accor. Created in 1973 in France, the brand was acquired by Accor in 1975, and subsequently became a major part of the company's midscale hotel portfolio, alongside Novotel. As of 2021, Mercure operated 949 hotels in 63 countries. Outside Europe, Accor additionally uses the Grand Mercure brand, an upscale subsidiary in currently 12 countries.

Novotel
Novotel is a French midscale hotel brand owned by Accor. Created in 1967 in France, the company grew into what became the Accor group in 1983, and Novotel remained a pillar brand of Accor's multi-brand strategy. Novotel manages 559 hotels in 65 countries (2021). Since 2010, Novotel also includes the apartment hotel brand Novotel Suites.
William Henry Ogilvie
William Henry Ogilvie (21 August 1869 – 30 January 1963) was a Scottish-Australian narrative poet and horseman, jackaroo, and drover, and  described as a quiet-spoken handsome Scot of medium height, with a fair moustache and red complexion.   He was also known as Will Ogilvie, by the pen names including 'Glenrowan' and the lesser 'Swingle-Bar', and by his initials, WHO.

Ogilvie was part of the trio of Australian bush poets, with Banjo Paterson (1864–1941) and Henry Lawson (1867–1922).  His Fair girls and gray horses (1896) was considered second only to Banjo Paterson's Man from Snowy River (1895).  A reader ballot in 1914 saw him placing seventh of Australia's twelve most favourite poets.

Wearing the title of 'Universally acclaimed in Australia as a bush balladist of the "Outback"', Will H. Ogilvie wrote over 1,100 poems, including A Scotch night, The Australian, Summer country, Kings of the earth, and Whaup o' the rede.

Drover (Australian)
A drover in Australia is a person, typically an experienced stockman, who moves livestock, usually sheep, cattle, and horses "on the hoof" over long distances. Reasons for droving may include: delivering animals to a new owner's property, taking animals to market, or moving animals during a drought in search of better feed and/or water or in search of a yard to work on the livestock. The drovers who covered very long distances to open up new country were known as "overlanders".
Patagonykus
Patagonykus (meaning "Patagonian claw") is a genus of alvarezsauroid theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina. It was discovered in exposures of the Portezuelo Formation (Turonian-Coniacian) of the Rio Neuquén Subgroup in the Neuquén Basin, Neuquén Province. The holotype consists of an incomplete but well-preserved skeleton, lacking a skull, but including many vertebrae, the coracoids, a partial forelimb, pelvic girdle, and hindlimbs. Patagonykus has been classed with the Alvarezsauridae, a family which includes such taxa as the Mongolian Mononykus and the also Argentinian Alvarezsaurus. In 2010, Gregory S. Paul estimated its length at 1 meter (3.3 ft) and its weight at 3.5 kilograms (7.7 lb).

Alvarezsauridae
Alvarezsauridae is a family of small, long-legged dinosaurs. Although originally thought to represent the earliest known flightless birds, they are now thought to be an early diverging branch of maniraptoran theropods. Alvarezsaurids were highly specialized. They had tiny but stout forelimbs, with compact, bird-like hands. Their skeletons suggest that they had massive breast and arm muscles, possibly adapted for digging or tearing. They had long, tube-shaped snouts filled with tiny teeth. They have been interpreted as myrmecophagous, adapted to prey on colonial insects such as termites, with the short arms acting as effective digging instruments to break into nests. This has however been contested.

Alvarezsaurus, the type genus of the family, was named for the historian Gregorio Álvarez.
Canada (AG) v Lavell
Canada (AG) v Lavell, [1974] S.C.R. 1349, was a landmark 5–4 Supreme Court of Canada decision holding that Section 12(1)(b) of the Indian Act did not violate the respondents' right to "equality before the law" under Section 1 (b) of the Canadian Bill of Rights. The two respondents, Lavell and Bédard, had alleged that the impugned section was discriminatory under the Canadian Bill of Rights by virtue of the fact that it deprived Indian women of their status for marrying a non-Indian, but not Indian men.

The Supreme Court's decision proved very controversial, later influencing the wording of Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms during the drafting process.

Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms contains guaranteed equality rights. As part of the Constitution of Canada, the section prohibits certain forms of discrimination perpetrated by the governments of Canada with the exception of ameliorative programs (e.g. employment equity).

Rights under section 15 include racial equality, sexual equality, mental disability, and physical disability. In its jurisprudence, it has also been a source of LGBT rights in Canada. These rights are guaranteed to "every individual", that is, every natural person. This wording excludes "legal persons" such as corporations, contrasting other sections that use the word "everyone", where "legal persons" were meant to be included. Section 15 has been in force since 1985.
Bhumij language
Bhumij is a Kherwarian Munda language of the Austroasiatic language  family primarily spoken by the Bhumij peoples in the Indian states Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal and Assam. As per the 2011 census, only 27,506 people out of 911,349 Bhumij people spoke Bhumij as their mother tongue, as most Bhumijas have shifted to one of the regional dominant languages. Thus the language is considered an extremely endangered language. Ol Onal, a script specifically to write Bhumij, was invented by Mahendra Nath Sardar.

Language shift
Language shift, also known as language transfer, language replacement or language assimilation, is the process whereby a speech community shifts to a different language, usually over an extended period of time. Often, languages that are perceived to be of higher-status stabilize or spread at the expense of other languages that are perceived—even by their own speakers—to have lower status. An example is the shift from Gaulish to Latin during the time of the Roman Empire.

Language assimilation may operate alongside other aspects of cultural assimilation when different cultures meet and merge.
Jay Weinberg
Jay Bradley Weinberg (born September 8, 1990) is an American musician, best known as the former drummer of Slipknot. He is the son of longtime Bruce Springsteen drummer Max Weinberg. He played with the punk rock band the Reveling and toured in 2009 as a drummer with Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band, substituting for his father. During 2010, he was briefly the drummer for Madball. During 2011 and 2012, Weinberg played with Against Me!. In 2014, Weinberg replaced Joey Jordison as the drummer for Slipknot, and stayed with the band until his firing in November 2023. In 2024, Weinberg was announced as the new drummer for Infectious Grooves, replacing Brooks Wackerman. He then joined Suicidal Tendencies, before leaving the band in early 2026.

E Street Band
The E Street Band is an American rock band that has been the primary backing band for rock musician Bruce Springsteen since 1972. For the bulk of Springsteen's recording and performing career, the band consisted of guitarists Steven Van Zandt, Nils Lofgren, and Patti Scialfa, keyboardists Danny Federici and Roy Bittan, bassist Garry Tallent, drummer Max Weinberg and saxophonist Clarence Clemons. In 2014, the E Street Band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

When not working with Springsteen, members of the band have recorded solo material and have pursued successful careers as session musicians, record producers, songwriters, actors and other roles in entertainment.
Birkot hashachar
Birkot hashachar or Birkot haShachar (Hebrew: ברכות השחר, 'morning blessings' or 'blessings [of] the dawn') are a series of blessings recited at the beginning of Shacharit, the Jewish morning prayer liturgy. The blessings represent thanks to God for the new day.

The order of the blessings is not defined by Halakha and may vary by siddur but is generally based on the order of activities customary upon arising.

Shacharit
Shacharit [ʃaχaˈʁit] (Hebrew: שַחֲרִית šaḥăriṯ), or Shacharis in Ashkenazi Hebrew, is the morning tefillah (prayer) of Judaism, one of the three daily prayers.

Different traditions identify different primary components of Shacharit. Essentially all agree that pesukei dezimra, the Shema Yisrael and its blessings, and the Amidah are major sections. Some identify the preliminary blessings and readings, as a first, distinct section. Others say that Tachanun is a separate section, as well as the concluding blessings. On certain days, there are additional prayers and services added to shacharit, including Mussaf and a Torah reading.
Antaeus
Antaeus (/ænˈtiːəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀνταῖος, romanized: Antaîos, lit. 'opponent', derived from ἀντάω, antáō, 'I face, I oppose'), known to the Berbers as Anti, was a figure in Berber and Greek mythology. He was famed for his defeat by Heracles as part of the Labours of Heracles.

Labours of Hercules
The Labours of Hercules or Labours of Heracles (Ancient Greek: ἆθλοι, âthloi, Latin: Labores) are a series of tasks carried out by Heracles, the greatest of the Greek heroes, whose name was later romanised as Hercules. They were accomplished in the service of King Eurystheus. The episodes were later connected by a continuous narrative.

The establishment of a fixed cycle of twelve labours was attributed by the Greeks to an epic poem, now lost, written by Peisander (7th to 6th centuries BC).

Having tried to kill Heracles ever since he was born, Hera induced a madness in him that made him kill his wife and children. Afterwards, Heracles went to the Oracle of Delphi to atone, where he prayed to the god Apollo for guidance. Heracles was told to serve Eurystheus, king of Mycenae, for ten years. During this time, he was sent to perform a series of difficult feats, called labours.
Isotta Fraschini Zeta
The Isotta Fraschini Zeta was an air cooled X engine with 24 cylinders developed by the Italian engineering company Isotta Fraschini in the 1940s. It was developed as an indigenous alternative to the imported Daimler-Benz DB 605 that was being built under licence as the Fiat RA.1050 R.C.58 Tifone. The engine was essentially two Gamma V12 engines on a single crankshaft, but proved troublesome to develop and never entered production.

X engine
An X engine is a piston engine with four banks of cylinders around a common crankshaft, such that the cylinders form an "X" shape when viewed front-on.

The advantage of an X engine is that it is shorter than a V engine of the same number of cylinders, however the drawbacks are greater weight and complexity as compared to a radial engine. Therefore, the configuration has been rarely used.

Several of the X engine designs were based on combining two V engines.
Isolated danger mark
An Isolated Danger Mark, as defined by the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities, is a sea mark used in maritime pilotage to indicate a hazard to shipping such as a partially submerged rock.

Isolated danger marks are recognisable by the following characteristics:

Generally a pillar or spar shape, but could alternatively be any other shape as long as the shape is different from those used for lateral marks.

Coloured black with one or more broad horizontal red bands.

Always having a topmark attached which is two black spheres stacked vertically.

If a light is fitted, it is white in colour and has a light characteristic of group flashing 2 (abbreviated as "Fl(2) W"). Two flashes of white light in succession are followed by a longer duration of darkness.

Lateral mark
A lateral buoy, lateral post or lateral mark, as defined by the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities, is a sea mark used in maritime pilotage to indicate the edge of a channel.

Each mark indicates the edge of the safe water channel in terms of port (left-hand) or starboard (right-hand). These directions are relative to the direction of buoyage;  this is usually a nominally upstream direction. In a river, the direction of buoyage is towards the river's source; in a harbour, the direction of buoyage is into the harbour from the sea.  Where there may be doubt, it will be labelled on the appropriate chart. Often the cardinal mark system is used instead when confusion about the direction would be common.

A vessel heading in the direction of buoyage (e.g. into a harbour) and wishing to keep in the main channel should:

keep port marks to its port (left) side, and

keep starboard marks to its starboard (right) side.
2011–2012 Moroccan protests
The Moroccan protests were a series of demonstrations across Morocco which occurred from 20 February 2011 to the fall of 2012. They were part of the larger Arab Spring protests. The protests were organized by the 20 February Movement.

2011 Moroccan constitutional referendum
A referendum on constitutional reforms was held in Morocco on 1 July 2011, called by the king in response to a series of protests across Morocco that began on 20 February 2011 when over ten thousand Moroccans participated in demonstrations demanding democratic reforms. A commission was to draft proposals by June 2011. A draft released on 17 June foresaw the following changes:

requiring the King to name a Prime Minister, renamed Head of government, from the largest party in Parliament;

handing a number of rights from the monarch to the PM, including dissolution of parliament;

allowing parliament to grant amnesty, previously a privilege of the monarch;

making Berber an official language alongside Arabic

The changes were reportedly approved by 98.49% of voters. Despite protest movements calling for a boycott of the referendum, government officials claimed turnout was 72.65%.

Following the referendum, early parliamentary elections were held on 25 November 2011.
Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad
Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad is a 2004 book by academic Natana J. DeLong-Bas, published by Oxford University Press. It is based "on a close study of the 14 volumes" of collected works of Wahhabism's founder, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab and has been called "the first extensive explication of the theology" of Wahhabism.

It is divided into sections: a brief religious biography and history of Ibn Abd al-Wahhab, theology, Islamic law, women and Wahhabism, jihad and the evolution of Wahhabism.

Natana J. DeLong-Bas
Natana J. DeLong-Bas is an American academic, scholar of Middle Eastern and Islamic studies, and author of a number of academic publications on Islam on the subjects of Saudi Arabia and Wahhabism, Islamic thought and history, Islam and politics, and contemporary jihadism.
Penthouse (magazine)
Penthouse is a men's magazine founded in London by American Bob Guccione, with the first UK issue appearing in March 1965. An American edition was launched in September 1969 and became Guccione's flagship. Other national editions, published under franchise, came and went. Guccione challenged Playboy with a more provocative editorial line and more revealing nude photography.

Unable to compete with the internet, the UK edition folded in 1999 (an attempt to revive it in 2001 was short-lived). The U.S. edition tried to adapt by switching to hardcore content between 1997 and 2004. Returning to softcore under new ownership in 2005, it continued to appear with diminishing frequency (there were five issues in 2020). The last printed issue of the U.S. edition appeared in 2023, although the current owner of the masthead, Los Angeles–based Penthouse World Media, said a year later that it would return. It remains in limbo.

Bob Guccione
Robert Charles Joseph Edward Sabatini Guccione (/ɡuːtʃiˈoʊni/ goo-chee-OH-nee; December 17, 1930 – October 20, 2010) was an American visual artist, photographer and publisher. He founded the adult magazine Penthouse in 1965. This was aimed at competing with Playboy, but with more explicit erotic content, a special style of soft focus photography, and in-depth reporting of government corruption scandals and the art world. By 1982 Guccione was listed in the Forbes 400 wealth list, and owned one of the biggest mansions in Manhattan. However, he made some extravagant investments that failed, and the growth of free online pornography in the 1990s greatly diminished his market. In 2003, Guccione's publishers filed for bankruptcy and he resigned as chairman.
Nessos Painter
The Nessos Painter, also known as Netos or Nettos Painter, was a pioneer of Attic black-figure vase painting. He is considered to be the first Athenian to adopt the Corinthian style who went on to develop his own style and introduced innovations. The Nessos Painter is often known to be one of the original painters of black-figure. He only worked in this style, which is shown on his name vase in the National Archaeological Museum in Athens. Most of the known Nessos Painter ceramics were found in funerary settings such as cemeteries and mortuaries.

National Archaeological Museum, Athens
The National Archaeological Museum (Greek: Εθνικό Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο, romanized: Ethnikó Archaiologikó Mouseío) in Athens houses some of the most important artifacts from a variety of archaeological locations around Greece from prehistory to late antiquity. It is considered one of the greatest museums in the world and contains the richest collection of Greek Antiquity artifacts worldwide. It is situated in the Exarcheia area in central Athens between Epirus Street, Bouboulinas Street and Tositsas Street while its entrance is on the Patission Street, adjacent to the historical building of the National Technical University of Athens.
August Oetker
August Oetker (German pronunciation: [ˈaʊɡʊst ˈʔœtkɐ]; January 6, 1862 – January 10, 1918) was a German inventor, food scientist and business person. He is known as the creator of baking powder as a ready-to-use product, and also as the founder of the Dr. Oetker company. He was the patriarch of the Oetker family.

Dr. Oetker
Dr. Oetker (German pronunciation: [ˌdɔktoːɐ̯ ˈʔœtkɐ]) is a German multinational company that produces baking powder, cake mixes, frozen pizza, pudding, cake decoration, cornflakes, birthday candles, beer, and various other products.

The company is a wholly owned branch of the Oetker Group, headquartered in Bielefeld, Germany.
Robin LaFevers
Robin Lorraine LaFevers is an American children's book writer from California.

She is the author of the Theodosia series (illustrated by Yoko Tanaka) and Nathaniel Fludd, Beastologist series (illustrated by Kelly Murphy) for children. She is the author of the His Fair Assassin series for young adults.

Nathaniel Fludd, Beastologist
Nathaniel Fludd, Beastologist is an ongoing series of chapter books for children written by Robin LaFevers and illustrated by Kelly Murphy. The books chronicle the adventures of young Nathaniel "Nate" Fludd, a beastologist in training who travels the world in search of mythical beasts, with his mentor Aunt Phil and pet gremlin Greasle. Sketches drawn by Nathaniel's hand are often featured in addition to the black and white art which illustrates the series.

The four published volumes have received awards from the Junior Library Guild in Fall 2009, Spring 2010, Winter 2011 and Spring 2011.