hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steenrod algebra
In algebraic topology, a Steenrod algebra was defined by Henri Cartan (1955) to be the algebra of stable cohomology operations for mod  cohomology.

For a given prime number , the Steenrod algebra  is the graded Hopf algebra over the field  of order , consisting of all stable cohomology operations for mod  cohomology. It is generated by the Steenrod squares introduced by Norman Steenrod (1947) for , and by the Steenrod reduced th powers introduced in Steenrod (1953a, 1953b) and the Bockstein homomorphism for .

The term "Steenrod algebra" is also sometimes used for the algebra of cohomology operations of a generalized cohomology theory.

Dual Steenrod algebra
In algebraic topology, through an algebraic operation (dualization), there is an associated commutative algebra from the noncommutative Steenrod algebras called the dual Steenrod algebra. This dual algebra has a number of surprising benefits, such as being commutative and provided technical tools for computing the Adams spectral sequence in many cases (such as : 61–62 ) with much ease.
Gourma-Rharous Cercle
Gourma-Rharous Cercle  is an administrative subdivision of the Tombouctou Region of Mali. The administrative center is the town of Gourma-Rharous.

The route of the annual circular migration of the Gourma elephants crosses a number of communes in the cercles of Gourma-Rharous and Douentza (Mopti Region). Lake Banzena (15°40′00″N 2°35′30″W﻿ / ﻿15.66667°N 2.59167°W﻿ / 15.66667; -2.59167) in the commune of Bambara Maoudé serves as an important source of water for the elephants at the end of the dry season (April to June).

The cercle is divided into nine communes:

Bambara Maoudé

Banikane

Gossi

Hamzakoma

Haribomo

Inadiatafane

Ouinerden

Rharous

Séréré

Gourma-Rharous
Gourma-Rharous (French pronunciation: [ɡuʁma ʁaʁus]) or Rharous, is a rural commune and small town in the Timbuktu Region, Mali. The town is the administrative center (chef-lieu) of the Gourma-Rharous Cercle and lies on the right bank of the Niger River 110 km east of Timbuktu. The commune has an area of approximately 7,000 km2 and contains 29 villages. In the census of 2009 it had a population of 26,115. French singer Daniel Balavoine died in a helicopter crash in Gourma-Rharous as he was leading a fund-raising effort in Africa during the 1986 Dakar Rally.
Pelican Narrows, Saskatchewan
Pelican Narrows (Woods Cree: ᐅᐹᐏᑯᐢᒋᑲᓂᕽ, romanized: opâwikoscikanihk, lit. 'The Narrows of Fear') is a northern village in the boreal forest of central Saskatchewan, Canada. Its location is on Pelican Lake about 120 km (75 mi) northwest of Creighton by the Hanson Lake Road and Highway 135.

The community is northwest of the Opawikusehikan Narrows that join Mirond and Pelican Lakes, which lie between the Sturgeon-Weir and Churchill River systems. Pelican Narrows is the administrative headquarters for the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation, a member of the Prince Albert Grand Council, and the majority of the townsite is reserve land. The community consists of the Northern Village of Pelican Narrows and Pelican Narrows 184B and Pelican Narrows 206 Indian Reserve. Together they formed a population centre of about 2,133 people in 2021.

Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation
The Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation (Rocky Cree: ᐊᓯᓃᐢᑳᐏᑎᓂᐘᐠ, Asinîskâwitiniwak) is a Woodland Cree First Nation in northern Saskatchewan consisting of eight communities: Denare Beach (Amisk Lake), Deschambault Lake, Kinoosao, Pelican Narrows, Prince Albert (Kiskaciwan), Sandy Bay, Southend and Sturgeon Landing. The administrative centre of Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation is Pelican Narrows and the centralized government of the First Nation is located in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan.
Medullary pyramids (brainstem)
In neuroanatomy, the medullary pyramids are paired white matter structures of the brainstem's medulla oblongata that contain motor fibers of the corticospinal and corticobulbar  tracts – known together as the pyramidal tracts. The lower limit of the pyramids is marked when the fibers cross (decussate).

Corticospinal tract
The corticospinal tract is a white matter motor pathway starting at the cerebral cortex that terminates on lower motor neurons and interneurons in the spinal cord, controlling movements of the limbs and trunk. There are more than one million neurons in the corticospinal tract, and they become myelinated usually in the first two years of life.

The corticospinal tract is one of the pyramidal tracts, the other being the corticobulbar tract.
Catherine Howard
Catherine Howard (c. 1523 – 13 February 1542) was Queen of England from July 1540 until November 1541 as the fifth wife of King Henry VIII. She was the daughter of Lord Edmund Howard and Joyce Culpeper, a first cousin to Anne Boleyn (the second wife of Henry VIII), and the niece of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk. Thomas Howard was a prominent politician at Henry's court. He secured her a place in the household of Henry's fourth wife, Anne of Cleves, where Howard caught the King's interest. She married him on 28 July 1540 at Oatlands Palace in Surrey, just 19 days after the annulment of his marriage to Anne. Henry was 49, and it is widely accepted that Catherine was about 17 at the time of her marriage to him.

Catherine was stripped of her title as queen in November 1541 and beheaded three months later on the grounds of treason for committing adultery with her distant cousin, Thomas Culpeper.

Oatlands Palace
Oatlands Palace  is a former Tudor and Stuart royal palace which took the place of the former manor of the village of Oatlands near Weybridge, Surrey. Little remains of the original building, so excavations of the palace took place in 1964 to rediscover its extent.

The four-star Oatlands Park Hotel now occupies the site where the post-Commonwealth Oatlands mansion (Oatlands House) once stood. Within the core of the building are some surviving details for earlier stages of its existence. The former site of Oatlands Palace is down the hill towards the centre of Weybridge. This was once part of the lands of the same estate.
You Were Meant for Me (film)
You Were Meant for Me is a 1948 musical film directed by Lloyd Bacon and starring Dan Dailey and Jeanne Crain as a bandleader and his wife. It was released by 20th Century Fox. The film includes performances of "You Were Meant for Me", "I'll Get By (As Long As I Have You)", and "Ain't Misbehavin'".

Marilyn Monroe may have worked on the film as an uncredited extra.

I'll Get By (As Long as I Have You)
"I'll Get By (As Long as I Have You)" is a popular song with music by Fred E. Ahlert and lyrics by Roy Turk that was published in 1928. Versions by Nick Lucas, Aileen Stanley and, most successfully, Ruth Etting, all charted in America in 1929.
Palmdale Regional Airport
Palmdale Regional Airport (IATA: PMD, ICAO: KPMD, FAA LID: PMD) is an airport in Palmdale, California, United States. The city of Palmdale took over the airport at the end of 2013, managing it via the Palmdale Airport Authority. The airport currently does not have any scheduled passenger airline service.

United States Air Force Plant 42
United States Air Force Plant 42 (IATA: PMD, ICAO: KPMD, FAA LID: PMD) is a classified aircraft manufacturing plant owned by the United States Air Force in the Antelope Valley, about 60 miles (100 kilometers) from downtown Los Angeles. It is also used by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Plant 42 shares a runway with Palmdale Regional Airport (PMD).
Hamada
A hamada (Arabic: حمادة, ḥammāda) is a type of desert landscape consisting of high, largely barren, hard rocky (basalt) plateaus, where most of the sand has been removed by deflation. The majority of the Sahara is hamada. Other examples are Negev desert in Israel and the Tinrhert plateau in Algeria.

Aeolian processes
Aeolian processes, also spelled eoulian, pertain to wind activity in the study of geology and weather and specifically to the wind's ability to shape the surface of the Earth (or other planets).  Winds may erode, transport, and deposit materials. They are effective agents in regions with sparse vegetation, a lack of soil moisture and a large supply of unconsolidated sediments. Although water is a much more powerful eroding force than wind, aeolian processes are important in arid environments such as deserts.

The term is derived from the name of the Greek god Aeolus, the keeper of the winds.
Duncan McGregor
Duncan McGregor (16 July 1881 – 11 March 1947), was a New Zealand rugby union and rugby league footballer. He was a member of the legendary 1905 Original All Blacks and later converted to rugby league when he went on the 1907 New Zealand league tour of Britain and Australia. He stayed in Britain following the 1907–08 tour, and opened a sport store as well as playing for Merthyr Tydfil RLFC. He returned to New Zealand after five years and continued to be involved in rugby league as an administrator and official.

Merthyr Tydfil RLFC
Merthyr Tydfil Rugby League Football Club was a professional rugby league club based in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales playing in the Welsh League and Northern Union. Based at College Field, Merthyr Tydfil were one of the first professional Welsh teams, and folded in 1911 after the failure of the Welsh League. Merthyr Tydfil produced five players who would go on to represent the Wales national rugby league team, and in the 1908-09 season finished eighth in the Northern League, the best result achieved by any of the first six professional Welsh teams.
Elementary schools in the United States
In the United States, elementary schools are the main point of delivery for primary education, teaching children between the ages of 5–10 (sometimes 4-10 or 4-12) and coming between pre-kindergarten and secondary education.

In 2017, there were 106,147 elementary schools (73,686 public, 32,461 private) in the United States, a figure which includes all schools that teach students from first grade through eighth grade.  According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in the fall of 2020 almost 32.8 million students attended public primary schools. It is usually from pre-kindergarten through fifth grade, although the NCES displays this data as pre-kindergarten through eighth grade.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
Moskenes Municipality
Moskenes is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The municipality comprises the southern part of the island of Moskenesøya in the traditional district of Lofoten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Reine. Other villages include Sørvågen, Hamnøya, and Å.

The 119-square-kilometre (46 sq mi) municipality is the 322nd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Moskenes Municipality is the 338th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 954. The municipality's population density is 8 inhabitants per square kilometre (21/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 13.9% over the previous 10-year period.

The municipal government owes 100 million kr (as of 2022), and the significance of this debt has made it difficult to find a neighboring municipality that is interested in merging with Moskenes.

Moskenesøya
Moskenesøya (lit. 'Moskenes Island') is an island at the southern end of the Lofoten archipelago in Nordland county, Norway. The 186-square-kilometre (72 sq mi) island is shared between Moskenes Municipality and Flakstad Municipality. The tidal whirlpool system known as Moskstraumen, one of the strongest in the world, is located between Moskenesøya's Lofoten Point and the island of Mosken.
Women's Rights National Historical Park
The Women's Rights National Historical Park is a United States National Historical Park in Seneca Falls and Waterloo, New York, United States. Founded by an act of Congress in 1980, the park was first opened in 1982. It gradually expanded through purchases over the following decades. It recognizes the site of the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention, the first women's rights convention, and the homes of several women's rights activists.

The park consists of four major historical properties: the Wesleyan Methodist Church, which was the site of the Seneca Falls Convention, the Elizabeth Cady Stanton House, the M'Clintock House and the Richard Hunt House. The park also includes a visitor center and an education and cultural center.

Waterloo, New York
Waterloo is a town in Seneca County, New York, United States. The population was 7,378 at the 2020 census. The town and its major community are named after Waterloo, Belgium, where Napoleon was defeated.

There is also a village called Waterloo, the primary county seat of Seneca County. The Town of Waterloo is situated on the western border of the county, east of Geneva.
Suwa clan
The Suwa clan (諏訪氏, Suwa-shi), also known as the Jin or Miwa clan (神氏, Miwa uji / Miwa-shi or Jinshi) was a Japanese shake and samurai family. Originating from the area encompassing Lake Suwa in Shinano Province (modern-day Nagano Prefecture), it was originally a family of priests who served at the Upper Shrine of Suwa located on the southwestern side of the lake. By the Kamakura period, it thrived as a prominent samurai clan with close ties to the shogunate.

Surviving the fall of both the Kamakura shogunate and the Southern Imperial Court which it supported, its feud with local rival clans, and frequent clashes with its neighbor in Kai, the Takeda clan, during the Sengoku period (which ended in the extinction of the main family),  by the Edo period the clan had split into two branches: one ruling the Suwa Domain of Shinano as daimyō, with the other continuing to serve as priests of Suwa Shrine until the Meiji era.

Suwa-taisha
Suwa Grand Shrine (Japanese: 諏訪大社, Hepburn: Suwa-taisha), historically also known as Suwa Shrine (諏訪神社 Suwa-jinja) or Suwa Daimyōjin (諏訪大明神), is a group of Shinto shrines in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. The shrine complex is the ichinomiya of former Shinano Province and is considered to be one of the oldest shrines in existence, being implied by the Nihon Shoki to already stand in the late 7th century.
P. J. Joseph
Palathinal Joseph Joseph (born 28 June 1941) is an Indian politician from Kerala Congress serving as the Member of the Legislative Assembly from Thodupuzha Assembly Constituency in Kerala.

A former cabinet minister, Joseph entered Kerala politics through Kerala Congress in 1968.

K. M. Mani
Karingozhackal Mani Mani (30 January 1933 – 9 April 2019) was an Indian politician from Kerala and the long-time chairman of Kerala Congress (M), one of the principal factions of the Kerala Congress, a regional party known for its influence in agrarian and Christian-dominated regions of the state. He was a dominant figure in Kerala politics for over five decades and held several key ministerial portfolios, including Finance, Home, Revenue, and Law.

Mani remains the longest-serving member of the Kerala Legislative Assembly, having continuously represented the Pala constituency from its inception in 1965 until his death in 2019. His later political career, however, was marked by controversy, most notably the 2014–2015 bar bribery allegations, following which he resigned as Kerala’s Finance Minister in November 2015 after adverse observations by the Kerala High Court, even as the case remained under investigation.
Lakhimpur district
Lakhimpur district (/ˌlækɪmˈpʊər/ LAK-im-POOR) is an administrative district in the state of Assam, India. The district headquarters is located at North Lakhimpur. It is bounded on the north by the Siang and Papumpare districts of Arunachal Pradesh and on the east by the Dhemaji district and the Subansiri River. Majuli District stands on the southern side and Biswanath District is on the western side .

Dhemaji district
Dhemaji district (pronounced /deɪˈmɑ:ʤi/ or /di:ˈmɑ:ʤi/) is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India. The district headquarters are located in Dhemaji and commercial headquarters are located in Silapathar. Dhemaji covers an area of 3,237 km2 and has a population of 686,133 (as of 2011). The predominant religion is Hinduism, with Hindus comprising approximately 95.47% of the population.
Mark Siegel
Mark Siegel (born June 2, 1967 in Ann Arbor, Michigan) is known both as an author, illustrator, and as the editorial director of First Second Books, a Macmillan imprint which publishes graphic novels for all ages. He grew up in France until the age of 18, after which he moved back to the United States where he presently lives.

First Second Books
First Second Books is an American publisher of graphic novels. An imprint of Roaring Brook Press, part of Holtzbrinck Publishers, First Second publishes fiction, biographies, personal memoirs, history, visual essays, and comics journalism. It also publishes graphic non-fiction for young readers, including the Science Comics and History Comics collections, and for adults, including the World Citizen Comics, a line of civics graphic books, and biographical works such as The Accidental Czar.

Authors and artists published by First Second include Ben Hatke, Gene Luen Yang, Jillian Tamaki, Vera Brosgol, Jen Wang, Shannon Hale, LeUyen Pham, Scott Chantler, and Japanese director Hayao Miyazaki.

First Second is headed by creative director Mark Siegel.
Alnes Lighthouse
Alnes Lighthouse (Norwegian: Alnes fyrstasjon) was established in 1852 to guide fishing boats safely to the harbor of the small fishing community of Alnes on the north side of the island of Godøya in Giske Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The lighthouse sits about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest of Leitebakk.

Giske Municipality
Giske is an island municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The municipality lies north-northwest of the town of Ålesund in the traditional district of Sunnmøre. The municipal centre is Valderhaugstrand. Other population centres include the villages of Roald (on Vigra island) and Alnes and Leitebakk (both on Godøya island). The municipality is part of the Ålesund Region.

The 40.58-square-kilometre (15.67 sq mi) municipality is the 350th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Giske Municipality is the 126th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 8,808. The municipality's population density is 220 inhabitants per square kilometre (570/sq mi) and its population has increased by 12.3% over the previous 10-year period.
CAF Women's Champions League
The CAF Women's Champions League (French: Ligue des Champions Féminine de la CAF; Arabic: دوري أبطال إفريقيا للسيدات), sometimes abbreviated as CAF WCL, is an annual African women's association football club competition launched on 12 September 2020 and organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF). It is the female counterpart of the CAF Champions League.

The competition has been won by several clubs, two of which have secured the trophy more than once. Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies and AS FAR are the most successful clubs in the competition’s history, each having won the tournament twice. ASFAR are the current African champions, having defeated ASEC Mimosas 2–1 in the 2025 final.

Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies F.C.
Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies Football Club is a women's professional soccer club based in Pretoria, South Africa. The team competes in the SAFA Women's League, the top tier women's football league in South Africa. They are the most successful women's team in South Africa with eight titles. The team, together with the men's team are owned by Patrice Motsepe.

They won the inaugural CAF Women's Champions League in 2021. In the qualifiers, the 2021 CAF Women's Champions League COSAFA Qualifiers, they won without a single loss. This sent them to the 2021 CAF Women's Champions League which they also won without a defeat and also without conceding.
Government of the 16th Dáil
There were two governments of the 16th Dáil, which was elected at the 1957 general election held on 5 March. The outgoing minority coalition government of Fine Gael, the Labour Party and Clann na Talmhan had failed to be returned. The 8th government of Ireland (20 March 1957 – 23 June 1959) was led by Éamon de Valera as Taoiseach, until his election as president of Ireland at the 1959 election. It lasted for 2 years, 89 days from its appointment until de Valera's resignation on 17 June 1959, and continued to carry out its duties for a further 6 days until the appointment of its successor, giving a total of 2 years, 95 days. The 9th government of Ireland (23 June 1959 – 11 November 1961) was led by Seán Lemass as Taoiseach and lasted for 2 years, 141 days. Both were single-party Fianna Fáil governments.

16th Dáil
The 16th Dáil was elected at the 1957 general election on 5 March 1957 and met on 20 March 1957. The members of Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas (legislature) of Ireland, are known as TDs. It sat with the 9th Seanad as the two Houses of the Oireachtas.

The 16th Dáil saw a change of Taoiseach from Éamon de Valera to Seán Lemass in June 1959. On 8 September 1961, President Éamon de Valera dissolved the Dáil on the request of Taoiseach Seán Lemass. The 16th Dáil lasted 4 years, 165 days.
Oliver Russell, 2nd Baron Ampthill
Arthur Oliver Villiers Russell, 2nd Baron Ampthill, GCSI GCIE (19 February 1869 – 7 July 1935) was a British peer and civil servant. He served as Governor of Madras from October 1900 to February 1906, and as acting Viceroy of India from April to December 1904.

Russell served as the Assistant Private Secretary to Joseph Chamberlain from 1895 -1897, and as Private Secretary to the same from 1897 to 1900, when he was appointed Governor of Madras. Russell also served as the Viceroy of India from April 1904 to December 1904, when Lord Curzon periodically returned to England.

John Russell, 3rd Baron Ampthill
Captain John Hugo Russell, 3rd Baron Ampthill CBE (4 October 1896 – 3 June 1973) was a British peer who served in the Royal Navy in both the First and Second World Wars.

He was the son of Oliver Russell, 2nd Baron Ampthill. He succeeded to the title of Baron Ampthill, of Ampthill in the County of Bedford on 7 July 1935.