hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Orania Representative Council
The Orania Representative Council (Afrikaans: Orania Verteenwoordigende Raad) is the local municipal representative council in the Northern Cape province of South Africa that governs the Afrikaner-town of Orania in the Pixley ka Seme District Municipality. During the implementation of a new municipal system in South Africa in 2000, the Orania Representative Council was the only representative council that was not abolished. Therefore, the Orania Representative Council is the only municipal body that still uses the old (pre-2000) municipal structure, based on the Local Government Transition Act of 1993.

Other than its municipal duties, the main task of the Orania Representative Council is to represent the inhabitants of Orania in ongoing negotiations with the Cabinet of South Africa about the municipal status of Orania.

Transitional representative council (South Africa)
A transitional representative council (Afrikaans: Verteenwoordigende oorgangsraad) is a local administrative division in South Africa. Between 1994 and 2000 it was the default type of municipal government for small and rural communities. After apartheid these transitional councils were created as a provisional local representation until the formation of a more final municipal structure. Due to the implementation of a municipal system in 2000, all but one transitional councils were abolished and their areas were merged into the new municipalities.
Odetari
Taha Othman Ahmad, known professionally as Odetari, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. He started producing and releasing music at 13. His music became popular on TikTok in 2023 and his songs "Good Loyal Thots", "Narcissistic Personality Disorder", "Look Don't Touch", "I Love You Hoe", "GMFU", and "Hypnotic Data" all reached the top 10 of the Billboard Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart and were each certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

XIII Sorrows
XIII Sorrows is the debut extended play (EP) by American rapper Odetari following his collaborative extended play, 3x3. The album was released on September 13, 2023, through Artist Partner Group. The EP features guest appearances from 6arelyhuman, Cade Clair, and Jeleel. The album draws influence from the electronic dance music scene, with a more electronic approach than his previous extended play, 3x3 (2023).

XIII Sorrows is an EDM EP that comprises subtle elements of hip-hop and jersey club. XIII Sorrows was supported by four singles, all of which charted and were certified gold. Consisting of eleven tracks and a duration of around sixteen minutes, the production was handled by Odetari and Giomadx, with Odetari being the sole songwriter. Upon its release, it received generally favorable reviews from critics and was certified gold by the Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry (ZPAV).
Joanna Bogle
Joanna Margaret Bogle, DSG (née Nash; born September 1952) is a British Roman Catholic writer and broadcaster based in London. Bogle married  a barrister and convert to Catholicism. She has written for the Richmond Herald, the Surrey Comet, the Catholic Times, the Catholic Herald, and The National Catholic Register. Bogle has been described a firebrand, believes Christians are under attack in Britain and opposed the ordination of women priests. In 2013, she was awarded a papal honour and became a Dame of the Pontifical Equestrian Order of St. Gregory the Great.

Order of St. Gregory the Great
The Pontifical Equestrian Order of St. Gregory the Great (Latin: Ordo Sancti Gregorii Magni; Italian: Ordine di San Gregorio Magno) was established on 1 September 1831, by Pope Gregory XVI, seven months after his election as Pope.

The order is one of the five orders of knighthood of the Holy See. The honor is bestowed upon Catholic men and women (and certain notable non-Catholics) in recognition of their personal service to the Holy See and to the Catholic Church, through their unusual labors, their support of the Holy See, and the examples they set in their communities and their countries.
Jean-Baptiste Benoît Eyriès
Jean-Baptiste Benoît Eyriès (French: [ʒɑ̃ batist bənwa ɛːʁjɛs]; 24 June 1767 – 13 June 1846) was a French geographer, author and translator, best remembered in the English speaking world for his translation of German ghost stories Fantasmagoriana, published anonymously in 1812, which inspired Mary Shelley and John William Polidori to write Frankenstein and The Vampyre respectively. He was one of the founding members of the Société de Géographie, a member of the Société Asiatique, Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, American Philosophical Society, and American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and was awarded the Legion of Honour. He had a mountain named after him near Yos Sudarso Bay in New Guinea, as well as a sandbank near French Island, Australia, and a street in Le Havre.

Fantasmagoriana
Fantasmagoriana is a French anthology of German ghost stories, translated anonymously by Jean-Baptiste Benoît Eyriès and published in 1812. Most of the stories are from the first two volumes of Johann August Apel and Friedrich Laun's Gespensterbuch (1810–1811), with other stories by Johann Karl August Musäus and Heinrich Clauren.

It was read by Lord Byron, Mary Shelley, Percy Bysshe Shelley, John William Polidori and Claire Clairmont at the Villa Diodati in Cologny, Switzerland, during June 1816, the Year Without a Summer, and inspired them to write their own ghost stories, including "The Vampyre" (1819), and Frankenstein (1818), both of which went on to shape the Gothic horror genre.
Consulate General of the United States, Wuhan
The Consulate General of the United States in Wuhan is one of the five American diplomatic and consular posts in mainland of the People's Republic of China.

First established in 1861, the U.S. Consulate General in Wuhan reopened in 2008 at 568 Jianshe Avenue in New World International Trade Tower I. It is the smallest consulate of the United States in China, providing emergency services to U.S. citizens in the region and promoting economic and cultural exchanges. On June 8, 2012, Gary Locke, then-U.S. ambassador to China, announced that the Consulate-General in Wuhan would be expanded to include full consular and visa services.

Consulate General of the United States, Guangzhou
The Consulate General of United States, Guangzhou (Chinese: 美国驻广州总领事馆) is one of seven American diplomatic and consular posts in China. It is one of America's earliest diplomatic posts in the Far East. The consulate serves the South China region, covering the provinces of Guangdong, Hainan and Fujian, and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, an area which, according to the latest census in 2020, has a resident population of over 220 million. The consulate general is also the only U.S. mission in mainland China to process American adoptions and immigrant visas, making it one of the U.S. Department of State's busiest consular-related posts.
Commander-in-Chief of the Forces
Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, later Commander-in-Chief, British Army, or just Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C), was (intermittently) the title of the professional head of the English Army from 1660 to 1707 (the English Army, founded in 1645, was succeeded in 1707 by the new British Army, incorporating existing Scottish regiments) and of the British Army from 1707 until 1904. The office was replaced in 1904 with the creation of the Army Council and the title of Chief of the General Staff.

Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom)
Chief of the General Staff (CGS) has been the title of the professional head of the British Army since 1964. The CGS is a member of both the Chiefs of Staff Committee and the Army Board; he is also the Chair of the Executive Committee of the Army Board. Prior to 1964, the title was Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS). Since 1959, the post has been immediately subordinate to the Chief of the Defence Staff, the post held by the professional head of the British Armed Forces.

The current Chief of the General Staff is General Sir Roland Walker, who succeeded General Sir Patrick Sanders in the role on 15 June 2024.
Richard Schoen
Richard Melvin Schoen (born October 23, 1950) is an American mathematician known for his work in differential geometry and geometric analysis. He is best known for the resolution of the Yamabe problem in 1984 and his works on harmonic maps.

Simon Brendle
Simon Brendle (born June 1981) is a German-American mathematician working in differential geometry and nonlinear partial differential equations. At the age of 19, he received his Dr. rer. nat. from Tübingen University under the supervision of Gerhard Huisken (2001). He was a professor at Stanford University (2005–2016), and is currently a professor at Columbia University. He has held visiting positions at MIT, ETH Zürich, Princeton University, and Cambridge University.
Teodross Avery
Teodross Avery (born July 2, 1973) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist, who has released albums for the record labels including GRP Records and Impulse! Records.

A native of the San Francisco Bay Area, his 2019 album, After the Rain: A Night for Coltrane, was released on Tompkins Square Records in May that year. Harlem Stories: The Music of Thelonious Monk followed in September 2020.

GRP Records
GRP® Records (Grusin-Rosen Productions) is a jazz record label founded by Dave Grusin and Larry Rosen in 1978. Distributed by Verve Records, GRP® was originally known for its digital recordings that focuses on its jazz genre.
Wädenswil railway station
Wädenswil railway station is a railway station in Switzerland, situated next to the banks of Lake Zurich in the municipality of Wädenswil in the canton of Zurich. It lies within fare zone 152 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV). The station is located on the Lake Zurich left bank railway line, and is the junction station for the Südostbahn's Wädenswil to Einsiedeln line.

Südostbahn
The Schweizerische Südostbahn AG (German, lit. 'South-Eastern Railway') – commonly abbreviated to SOB – is a Swiss railway company, and a 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge network in Central and Eastern Switzerland. It resulted from the merger of the original SOB with the Bodensee–Toggenburg railway (BT) at the end of 2001.

The Schweizerische Südostbahn AG (Swiss South-Eastern Railway SA) is a small private railway jointly owned by the cantonal and federal governments as an Aktiengesellschaft (AG).
Frederick William Vanderbilt
Frederick William Vanderbilt (February 2, 1856 – June 29, 1938) was a member of the American Vanderbilt family. He was a director of the New York Central Railroad for 61 years, and also a director of the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad and of the Chicago and North Western Railroad.

William Kissam Vanderbilt
William Kissam Vanderbilt I (December 12, 1849 – July 22, 1920) was an American heir, businessman, philanthropist, and horse breeder. Born into the Vanderbilt family, he managed his family's railroad investments.
Hyperium Records
Hyperium Records was a German independent record label specializing in darkwave, neoclassical, ethereal, gothic rock, and ambient music, founded by Oliver Roesch (also known as "Oli" Roesch) and Oliver van Essenberg in 1991. Roesch died on August 1, 2002, in a motorcycle accident.

Dark wave
Dark wave (also known as darkwave) is a music genre that emerged from the new wave and post-punk movement of the late 1970s. Dark wave compositions are largely based on minor key tonality and introspective lyrics and have been perceived as being dark, romantic and bleak, with an undertone of sorrow. Common features include the use of chordophones such as electric and acoustic guitar, violin and piano, as well as electronic instruments such as synthesizer, sampler and drum machine. Like new wave, dark wave is not a "unified genre but rather an umbrella term" that encompasses a variety of musical styles, including cold wave, ethereal wave, gothic rock, neoclassical dark wave and neofolk.

In the 1980s, a subculture developed primarily in Europe alongside dark wave music, whose followers were called "wavers" or "dark wavers". In some countries, most notably Germany, the movement also included fans of gothic rock (so-called "trad-goths").
Smallville Roleplaying Game
The Smallville Roleplaying Game is a superhero-themed role-playing game published in 2010 by Margaret Weis Productions, set in the universe of the television series Smallville (which is based on the DC comic book character Superman).

Cortex Plus
The Cortex Plus System is a toolkit RPG system that evolved from Margaret Weis Productions, Ltd's Cortex System. The system was the basis for the Firefly, Marvel, and Battlestar Galactica tabletop role playing games. Cortex was sold to Fandom in 2019.
Grady Booch
Grady Booch (born February 27, 1955) is an American software engineer, best known for developing the Unified Modeling Language (UML) with Ivar Jacobson and James Rumbaugh. He is recognized internationally for his innovative work in software architecture, software engineering, and collaborative development environments.

Ivar Jacobson
Ivar Hjalmar Jacobson (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈǐːvar ˈjɑ̂ːkɔbˌsɔn] ⓘ; born September 2, 1939) is a Swedish computer scientist and software engineer, known as a major contributor to UML, Objectory, Rational Unified Process (RUP), aspect-oriented software development, and Essence.
Billie Dawe
Billie Dawe (June 8, 1924 – May 20, 2013) was a Canadian amateur ice hockey player. He was a member of the 1950 World Champion team, the Edmonton Mercurys (the Mercs), and captained that team to a gold medal at the 1952 Winter Olympics.

Edmonton Mercurys
The Edmonton Mercurys were a Canadian intermediate-level senior ice hockey team based in Edmonton, Alberta, during the 1940s and 1950s. The team represented the Canada men's national ice hockey team twice, winning the 1950 World Ice Hockey Championships in London and the 1952 Winter Olympics Gold Medal in Oslo.
Jan Błachowicz
Jan Maciej Błachowicz (Polish: [ˈjan bwaˈxɔvitʂ]; born 24 February 1983) is a Polish professional mixed martial artist. He currently competes in the Light Heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where he is a former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion. Błachowicz is the second Polish fighter to win a UFC title after Joanna Jędrzejczyk and the first male Polish champion. A professional since 2007, he also competed for KSW and is the former KSW Light Heavyweight Champion. As of 28 October 2025, he is #5 in the UFC light heavyweight rankings.

Konfrontacja Sztuk Walki
Konfrontacja Sztuk Walki (English: Martial Arts Confrontation), better known by its initials KSW, is  widely considered to be the premier mixed martial arts organization in Poland and one of the leading in Europe.
Portuguese East India Company
The Portuguese East India Company (Portuguese: Companhia do commércio da Índia or Companhia da Índia Oriental) was a short-lived and ill-fated attempt by Philip III of Portugal, to create a chartered company to ensure the security of their interests in India, in the face of the mounting pressure and influence by their rivals; the Dutch East India Company and the English East India Company, following the personal union of the Portuguese and Spanish Crowns.

Portuguese India Armadas
The Portuguese Indian Armadas (Portuguese: Armadas da Índia; meaning "Armadas of India") were the fleets of ships funded by the Crown of Portugal, and dispatched on an annual basis from Portugal to India. The principal destination was Goa, and previously Cochin. These armadas undertook the Carreira da Índia ('India Run') from Portugal, following the maritime discovery of the Cape route, to the Indian subcontinent by Vasco da Gama in 1497–99.

The annual Portuguese India armada was the main carrier of the spice trade between Europe and Asia during the 16th Century. The Portuguese monopoly on the Cape route was maintained for a century, until it was breached by Dutch and English competition in the early 1600s. The Portuguese India armadas declined in importance thereafter. During the Dutch occupation of Cochin and the Dutch siege of Goa, the harbour of Bom Bahia, now known as Mumbai (Bombay), off the coast of the northern Konkan region, served as the standard diversion for the armadas.
18th Reconnaissance Regiment (Poland)
18th Reconnaissance Regiment (Polish: 18 Pułk Rozpoznawczy) is a unit of the Polish Land Forces and is based in Białystok. It was formed from the former 18th Territorial Defense Battalion, which in turn was the former 18th Mechanized Brigade. It is the most recently formed unit of the Polish army, and one of three reconnaissance regiments.

Polish Land Forces
The Land Forces (Polish: Wojska Lądowe) are the ground forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 110,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stretches back a millennium – since the 10th century (see List of Polish wars and History of the Polish Army). Poland's modern army was formed after Poland regained independence following World War I in 1918.
Everytown for Gun Safety
Everytown for Gun Safety is an American non-profit organization which advocates for gun control and against gun violence. Everytown was formed in 2013 due to a merger between Mayors Against Illegal Guns and Moms Demand Action for Gun Sense in America.

The organization works to "support efforts to educate policy makers, as well the press and the public, about the consequences of gun violence, and promote efforts to keep guns out of the hands of criminals". The group has focused on efforts to require universal background checks on firearms purchases. The organization also produces research and studies on gun violence. Everytown for Gun Safety is largely financed by Michael Bloomberg.

The group has drawn criticism, in 2009, for example, several mayors stated that they discovered they had been listed as supporters of the organization without their knowledge or consent.

Universal background check
A universal background check for guns is a policy that requires a background check for all gun sales or transfers, regardless of where they occur or who is involved. This includes sales at gun shows, private sales between individuals, and sales made online. The idea is to close loopholes in existing laws that currently allow some gun purchases to occur without background checks.

Proposals in the United States, as part of gun control to curb gun violence, would require all gun sales or transfers to be recorded and go through the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS), closing what is sometimes called the private sale exemption. Universal background checks are not required by U.S. federal gun law, but at least 22 states and the District of Columbia currently require background checks for certain private sales of firearms.
Kyles of Bute
The Kyles of Bute (Scottish Gaelic: Na Caoil Bhòdach) form a narrow sea channel that separates the northern end of the Isle of Bute from the Cowal Peninsula in Argyll and Bute, on the Scottish mainland. The surrounding hillsides are roughly wooded, and overlooked by rocky tops and areas of moorland.

The Kyles are split into the East and West Kyles. The East Kyle (Scottish Gaelic: An Caol an Ear) runs from Rothesay Bay north west up to the entrance to Loch Riddon. Here at the northern end of the East Kyle are the Burnt Islands and the island of Eilean Dubh. The West Kyle (Scottish Gaelic: An Caol an Iar/An Caol Ceathrach) runs from here southwest, past the village of Tighnabruaich out to the Sound of Bute. The area is a designated National Scenic Area.

The Kyles are reflected in the name of Tighnabruaich-based Shinty team Kyles Athletic.

Tighnabruaich
Tighnabruaich (/ˌtaɪnəˈbruːəx/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Taigh na Bruaich) is a village on the Cowal Peninsula, on the western arm of the Kyles of Bute in Argyll and Bute, west of Scotland. In 2011 the population was 660. It is west of Glasgow and north of the Isle of Arran. Tighnabruaich  is Gaelic for "house of the bank".

Tighnabruaich is now part of a continuous coastal strip of housing that joins onto Kames.
Royal Consort Wonsun Suk-Bi
Royal Consort Wonsun of the Gyeongju Kim clan (Korean: 원순숙비 김씨; Hanja: 元順淑妃 金氏; lit. Pure Consort Wonsun of the Gyeongju Kim clan) or before called as Primary Lady Gyeongheung (경흥원주; 景興院主) was a Korean Royal Consort as the 8th wife of King Hyeonjong of Goryeo and the mother of Queen Gyeongseong.

Hyeonjong of Goryeo
Hyeonjong (1 August 992 – 17 June 1031), personal name Wang Sun, was the 8th ruler of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. He was a grandson of the dynastic founder King Taejo. He was appointed by the military leader Kang Cho, whom the King Mokjong had called upon to destroy a plot by Kim Ch'i-yang. During his reign, the Goryeo dynasty fought two wars against the Khitan Liao dynasty. Today Hyeonjong is considered to be among the greatest leaders in Korean history.
Wardrobe of Mary, Queen of Scots
The wardrobe of Mary, Queen of Scots, was described in several contemporary documents, and many records of her costume have been published. Mary's clothing choices are apparent in the contexts of her appearance as a ruler, at her pastimes, and as a prisoner in England. Mary was involved in textile crafts, dressed her gentlewomen en-suite, organised events including costumed masques, and made and accepted gifts of clothing. Her choice of clothing at Fotheringhay for her execution has been examined as gesture and political theatre.

Jewels of Mary, Queen of Scots
The jewels of Mary, Queen of Scots (1542–1587) are mainly known through the evidence of inventories held by the National Records of Scotland. She was bought jewels during her childhood in France, adding to those she inherited. She gave gifts of jewels to her friends and to reward diplomats. When she abdicated and went to England many of the jewels she left behind in Scotland were sold or pledged for loans, first by her enemies and later by her allies. Mary continued to buy new jewels, some from France, and use them to reward her supporters. In Scotland her remaining jewels were worn by her son James VI and his favourites.
Fountain Studios
Fountain Studios was an independently owned television studio in Wembley Park, north-west London, England. The company was last part of the Avesco Group plc.

Several companies owned the site before it was bought by Fountain in 1993. Originally a film studio complex, as Wembley Studios it was formerly the base for the ITV London weekday franchise holder Rediffusion from 1955 to 1968, and London Weekend Television from 1968 to 1972. More recently, the studios were best known for being the venue for the live stages of ITV British shows The X Factor and Britain's Got Talent.

The last show to be broadcast live (and recorded) at the studios was The X Factor on 4 December 2016, after which the studio was closed, and the site sold to property developer Quintain. It is now known as Troubadour Wembley Park Theatre.

Rediffusion London
Associated-Rediffusion, later Rediffusion London, was the British ITV franchise holder for London and parts of the surrounding counties, on weekdays between 22 September 1955 and 29 July 1968. It was the first ITA franchisee to go on air, and one of the "Big Four" companies that between them produced the majority of ITV networked programmes during this period.

Rediffusion lost its franchise in 1968 but merged with another franchisee to form Thames Television, which continued to hold the London weekday franchise for another 24 years.