hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prenzlauer Berg
Prenzlauer Berg (German pronunciation: [ˌpʁɛnt͡slaʊ̯ɐ ˈbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a locality of Berlin, forming the southerly and most urban district of the borough of Pankow. From its founding in 1920 until 2001, Prenzlauer Berg was a district of Berlin in its own right. However, that year it was incorporated (along with the borough of Weißensee) into the greater district of Pankow.

From the 1960s onward, Prenzlauer Berg was associated with proponents of East Germany's diverse counterculture including Christian activists, bohemians, state-independent artists, and the gay community. It was an important site for the peaceful revolution that brought down the Berlin Wall in 1989. In the 1990s the borough was also home to a vibrant squatting scene. It has since experienced rapid gentrification.

Weißensee (Berlin)
Weißensee (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪsn̩ˌzeː] ⓘ) is a quarter in the borough of Pankow in Berlin, Germany, that takes its name from the small lake Weißer See (literally 'White Lake') within it. Before Berlin's 2001 administrative reform, Weißensee was a borough in its own right, consisting of the quarters of Weißensee, Heinersdorf, Blankenburg, Karow, and Stadtrandsiedlung Malchow. A fictional German-language TV series by the same name is set in the borough between 1980 and 1990 during the communist era.
Douaumont Ossuary
The Douaumont Ossuary (French: Ossuaire de Douaumont) is a memorial containing the skeletal remains of soldiers who died on the battlefield during the Battle of Verdun in World War I. It is located in Douaumont-Vaux, France, within the Verdun battlefield, and immediately next to the Fleury-devant-Douaumont National Necropolis. It was built on the initiative of Charles Ginisty, Bishop of Verdun.

Ossuary
An ossuary is a chest, box, building, well, or site made to serve as the final resting place of human skeletal remains. They are frequently used where burial space is scarce. A body is first buried in a temporary grave, then after some years the skeletal remains are removed and placed in an ossuary ("os" is "bone" in Latin). The greatly reduced space taken up by an ossuary means that it is possible to store the remains of many more people in a single tomb than possible in coffins. The practice is sometimes known as grave recycling.
Raumbach
Raumbach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Meisenheim, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Meisenheim
Meisenheim (German: [ˈmaɪzn̩haɪm] ⓘ) is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the like-named Verbandsgemeinde, and is also its seat. Meisenheim is a state-recognized recreational resort (Erholungsort) and it is set out as a middle centre in state planning.
Bhonsle dynasty
The Bhonsle dynasty (or Bhonsale, Bhosale, Bhosle) is an Indian Marathi royal house of the Bhonsle clan. The Bhonsles claimed descent from the Rajput Sisodia dynasty, but were likely Kunbi Marathas.

They served as the Chhatrapatis or kings of the Maratha Empire from 1674 to 1818, where they gained dominance of the Indian subcontinent. They also ruled several states such as Satara, Kolhapur, Thanjavur, Nagpur, Akkalkot, Sawantwadi and Barshi.

The dynasty was founded in 1577 by Maloji Bhosale, a predominant general or sardar of Malik Ambar of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. In 1595 or 1599, Maloji was given the title of Raja by Bahadur Nizam Shah, the ruler of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. He was later granted was given the jagir of Pune, Elur (Verul), Derhadi, Kannarad and Supe. He was also given control over the first of the Shivneri and Chakan. These positions were inherited by his sons Shahaji and Sharifji, who were named after a Muslim Sufi Shah Sharif.

Chhatrapati
Chhatrapati is a royal title from Sanskrit used to denote a king and Queen. The word "Chhatrapati" is a Sanskrit compound term composed of "chhatra" (meaning "parasol" or "umbrella") and "pati" (meaning "master", "lord", or "ruler"). This title was used by the House of Bhonsle, between 1674 and 1818, as the heads of state of the Maratha Empire. The Head Queen of the Maratha Empire is known as The Patta Rani also as Chatrapati or Chatrapati Consort
War of the Quadruple Alliance
The War of the Quadruple Alliance, 1718 to 1720, was a conflict between Spain and a coalition of Austria, Great Britain, France, and Savoy, with the addition of the Dutch Republic in 1719. Military operations focused primarily on Sicily and Spain, with minor engagements in North America. The Spanish-backed Jacobite rising of 1719 in Scotland is considered a related conflict.

Seeking to recover territories ceded under the 1713 Peace of Utrecht, Spanish troops landed on Sicily in July 1718. On 2 August, Austria, France, Britain and Savoy formed the Quadruple Alliance, and on 11 August, the Royal Navy defeated a Spanish fleet at the Battle of Cape Passaro. Austrian land forces retook Sicily in October 1719, and the British sacked Vigo, which forced its leaders to seek peace terms. The Treaty of The Hague (1720) restored the position prior to 1717, with Savoy and Austria exchanging Sardinia and Sicily.

Capture of Vigo and Pontevedra
The capture of Vigo and Pontevedra (also known as the British expedition to Vigo and Pontevedra) occurred in October 1719 during the War of the Quadruple Alliance when a British expedition made a descent on the Spanish coast. They then captured the settlements of Vigo, Redondela and Pontevedra after some resistance, which they occupied for ten days destroying or capturing a vast haul of military stores before withdrawing.
Ministry of Interior (Pakistan)
The Ministry of Interior and Narcotics Control (Urdu: وزارتِ داخلہ, abbreviated as MoI) is a Cabinet-level ministry of the Government of Pakistan, tasked and primarily responsible for implementing the internal policies, state security, administration of internal affairs involving the state and affairs related to narcotics control.

The ministry is led by the Interior Minister, the Minister of State for Interior and the Interior Secretary. The Interior Secretary is a Grade 22 officer whereas the Interior Minister is a leading member of the federal cabinet.

On 11 February 2025, Narcotics Control ministry was merged in to Ministry of Interior as an attached department/wing of ministry and now it is called Ministry of Interior and Narcotics Control.

The minister is required to be a member of parliament. During the martial regimes of Generals Ayub Khan and Yahya Khan, from 1962 until 1971, the Interior Minister was called Home Affairs Minister.

Interior Secretary (Pakistan)
The interior secretary of Pakistan (Urdu: ‎معتمدِ داخلہ پاکستان) is the federal secretary for the Ministry of Interior. As in-charge of the country's law and order machinery, the interior secretary is one of the most coveted and sensitive positions in the Government of Pakistan. The position holder is a BPS-22 grade officer, usually belonging to the Pakistan Administrative Service.

Notable organisations that come under the control of the interior secretary include the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA), National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA), Directorate General of Immigration & Passports (I&P) and the paramilitary forces namely Frontier Constabulary (FC) and Pakistan Rangers. The administration of the Islamabad Capital Territory is also under the interior secretary, as the chief commissioner of Islamabad directly reports to the interior secretary.
Powelltown tramway
The Powelltown tramway was a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge tramway that operated between Powelltown and Yarra Junction, Victoria, Australia, between 1913 and 1945.

The tramway was owned by the sawmill at Powelltown and its primary role was to move sawn timber from the mill to the main railway system. However, it also operated a timetabled passenger service, and carried goods as a common carrier. The tramway also operated a number of logging tramways into the forest east of Powelltown.

The right-of-way has been converted into the Powelltown Tramway Rail Trail. It is on private property and there is limited access to the line.

Yarra Junction
Yarra Junction is a town in Victoria, Australia, 55 km (34 mi) east from Melbourne's central business district, located within the Shire of Yarra Ranges local government area. Yarra Junction recorded a population of 2,875 at the 2021 census.

The township sits at the old junction of timber tramways and main rail line not the Yarra and Little Yarra Rivers as implied by its name (this is a common misunderstanding). Yarra Junction is a small town with many activities, services and amenities including Cunningham's Irish Inn and an RSL. Yarra Junction is said to be the functional hub of the Upper Yarra Valley.
Tetarteron
The tetarteron (Greek: [νόμισμα] τεταρτηρόν, "quarter [coin]") was a Byzantine term applied to two different coins, one gold circulating from the 960s to 1092 in parallel to the histamenon, and one copper used from 1092 to the second half of the 13th century.

Histamenon
Histamenon (Greek: ἱστάμενον [νόμισμα], histámenon [nómisma] lit. 'standard coin') was the name given to the gold Byzantine solidus when the slightly lighter tetarteron was introduced in the 960s. To distinguish the two, the histamenon was changed in form from the original solidus, becoming wider and thinner, as well as concave (scyphate) in form. Later usually shortened to stamenon (Greek: στάμενον), it was discontinued after 1092. In the 12th and 13th centuries, the name stamenon came to be applied to the concave billon and copper trachea coins.
Farmington, Illinois
Farmington is a city in Fulton County & Peoria County, Illinois, United States. It is north of Canton, west of Peoria, southeast of Galesburg, and northeast of Macomb. The population was 2,389 at the 2020 census. The public school system is Farmington Central Community Unit School District 265, which includes Farmington Central High School. Because it is in Fulton County & Peoria County, it is a part of the Canton Micropolitan Area and the wider Peoria Consolidated Statistical Area.

Canton, Illinois
Canton is the largest city in Fulton County, Illinois, United States. The population was 13,242 at the 2020 census, down from 14,704 at the 2010 census. The Canton Micropolitan Statistical Area covers all of Fulton County; it is in turn, part of the wider Peoria–Canton, Illinois Combined Statistical Area (CSA).
Hong Kong Garrison
The People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison is a garrison of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), responsible for defence duties in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR).

Prior to the handover in 1997, the territory was under British rule, and the defence of the territory was the responsibility of the British Forces Overseas Hong Kong, with auxiliary help from the Royal Hong Kong Regiment. After the handover of Hong Kong in July 1997, China stationed a PLA garrison to manage the defence affairs of the territory.

The garrison is headquartered in Chinese People's Liberation Army Forces Hong Kong Building in Central, Hong Kong. The size of the Hong Kong garrison is approximately 10,000–12,000 personnel, including members of the People's Armed Police, People's Liberation Army Navy, People's Liberation Army Air Force, and People's Liberation Army Ground Force.

Chinese People's Liberation Army Forces Hong Kong Building
The Chinese People's Liberation Army Forces Hong Kong Building, formerly known as the Prince of Wales Building, is the headquarters building of the People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison, located on Lung Wui Road, Admiralty, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. It houses the Central Barracks of the Hong Kong Garrison.

It is a 113-metre (371 ft) tall, 28-floor building located within the former HMS Tamar naval base.
IT Army of Ukraine
The IT Army of Ukraine (Ukrainian: IT-армія України) is a volunteer cyberwarfare organisation created at the end of February 2022 to fight against digital intrusion of Ukrainian information and cyberspace after the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022. The group also conducts offensive cyberwarfare operations, and Victor Zhora, the Chief of the Head of State Special Communications Service of Ukraine, stated its enlisted hackers would only attack military targets.

Russo-Ukrainian cyberwarfare
Cyberwarfare is a component of the confrontation between Russia and Ukraine since the Revolution of Dignity in 2013–2014.  While the first attacks on information systems of private enterprises and state institutions of Ukraine were recorded during mass protests in 2013, Russian cyberweapon Uroburos had been around since 2005. Russian cyberwarfare continued with the 2015 Ukraine power grid hack at Christmas 2015 and again in 2016, paralysis of the State Treasury of Ukraine in December 2016, a Mass hacker supply-chain attack in June 2017 and attacks on Ukrainian government websites in January 2022.
Digimon Tamers: Battle Spirit Ver. 1.5
Digimon Tamers: Battle Spirit Ver. 1.5 (Japanese: デジモンテイマーズ バトルスピリット Ver.1.5, Hepburn: Dejimon Teimaazu Batoru Supiritto Ver. 1.5) is a fighting game developed and published by Bandai. It was released exclusively in Japan for the WonderSwan Color handheld console on 27 April 2002. It is an expansion to Digimon Tamers: Battle Spirit (released in the United States and Europe as Digimon Battle Spirit) and contains many new features and characters. Unlike its predecessor or sequel, Digimon Battle Spirit 2, this game did not receive a Game Boy Advance port.

Digimon Battle Spirit 2
Digimon Battle Spirit 2 is a fighting video game released for WonderSwan Color in 2002 and Game Boy Advance in 2004. It was developed by Dimps and published by Bandai based on the fourth season of the Digimon anime, Digimon Frontier. It was originally released in Japan for the WonderSwan Color handheld in December 2002 with the title Digimon Frontier: Battle Spirit (デジモンフロンティア バトルスピリット, Batoru Supiritto Dejimon Furontia). It was later ported to the Game Boy Advance for the Western market, released in North America in September 2003, and Europe in August 2004.
Top 10 (comics)
Top 10 is a superhero comic book limited series published by the America's Best Comics imprint of WildStorm, itself an imprint of DC Comics. Written by Alan Moore and illustrated by Gene Ha and Zander Cannon, the series details the lives and work of the police force of Neopolis, a city in which almost everyone, from the police and criminals to civilians, children and even pets, has super powers and/or colourful costumes. It won the Eisner Award for Best Continuing Series in 2001.

The series led to the production of several spin-offs; Smax, which was set directly after the series' conclusion; Top 10: The Forty-Niners, which is set in 1949; Top Ten: Beyond the Farthest Precinct, which is set five years after the series' conclusion; and Top Ten Season Two, penned by Zander Cannon.

Smax
Smax is a fictional character from the comic book series Top 10 written by Alan Moore, illustrated by Gene Ha, and originally published by the now defunct America's Best Comics imprint of DC Comics. A Top-10 spin-off miniseries also called Smax focused on the character and provided him with more of a backstory.
Docklands Strategic Development Zone
The Docklands Strategic Development Zone (SDZ) (known officially as the North Lotts and Grand Canal Dock SDZ Planning Scheme) is a controversial strategic planning area in Dublin, Ireland located east of the city centre on both sides of the River Liffey in the North Wall and Grand Canal Dock areas.

On 18 December 2012, the Government of Ireland via the Minister for Housing, Planning and Local Government, Phil Hogan designated the area an SDZ pursuant to its powers under the Planning and Development Act 2000. This was the first step in establishing a new framework to try to facilitate faster development in these areas. It replaced the regime overseen by the Dublin Docklands Development Authority (DDDA), which was taken over by Dublin City Council in 2014.

Grand Canal Dock
Grand Canal Dock (Irish: Duga na Canálach Móire) is an urban area on the Southside of Dublin, Ireland. It is located on the border of eastern Dublin 2 and the westernmost part of Ringsend in Dublin 4, surrounding the Grand Canal Docks, an enclosed harbour where the Grand Canal meets the River Liffey. The area has undergone significant redevelopment since 2000, as part of the Dublin Docklands area redevelopment project.

The area has become a tech hub, serving as a popular location for multinational technology firms such as Google, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Airbnb; technology firms employed about 7,000 people in the area by 2015. The area has been the subject of debate over the balance of development and gentrification. It has been referred to as Silicon Docks (a reference to Silicon Valley), a nickname which has been the subject of derision over its clichéd nature.
Guanín
Guanín is an alloy of copper, gold and silver, similar to red gold, used in pre-Columbian central America. The name guanín is taken from the language of the Taíno people, who prized it for its reddish color, brilliant shine, and unique smell, and associated it with both worldly and supernatural power. It was also known as taguagua, and in South America as tumbaga. The Spanish referred to it as "low gold", distinguishing it from items made with a higher purity of gold.

Samples of guanín have been found all over central America, indicating a great deal of trade and interaction between the many cultures that lived in the area. Guanín was used to create and decorate a variety of objects, including both humanoid and animal figurines using lost-wax casting, and hammered ceremonial medallions also referred to as guanín. For many years, guanín was one of the most important valuables for long-distance trade in and around central America and the Caribbean basin.

Tumbaga
Tumbaga is the name given by Spanish Conquistadors for a non-specific alloy of gold and copper, and metals composed of these elements. Pieces made of tumbaga were widely found in pre-Hispanic Mesoamerica and the Philippines in North America,  South America, and Southeast Asia.

The term is a borrowing from the Tagalog tumbaga. This came from Malay tembaga, meaning 'copper' or 'brass'. It has also been spelled tumbago in literature.
Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi
Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi (Arabic: أبو الْيُسر الْبَزْدَوي) (c.1030-c.1100), who was given the honorific title of Sadr al-Islam, was a prominent Central Asian Hanafi-Maturidi scholar and a qadi (judge) in Samarqand in the late eleventh century. He was a teacher to several well-known Hanafi scholars, such as Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi and 'Ala' al-Din al-Samarqandi (who was a teacher to Al-Kasani).

Abu Hafs Umar al-Nasafi
Najm ad-Dīn Abū Ḥafṣ 'Umar ibn Muḥammad an-Nasafī (Arabic: نجم الدين أبو حفص عمر بن محمد النسفي‎; 1067–1142) was a Muslim jurist, theologian, mufassir, muhaddith and historian. A Persian scholar born in present-day Uzbekistan, he wrote mostly in Arabic.
Kinderhook, New York
Kinderhook is a town in the northern part of Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 8,330 at the 2020 census, making it the most populous municipality in Columbia County. The name of the town means "Children's Corner" in the language of the original Dutch settlers (Kinderhoek). The name "Kinderhook" has its root in the landing of Henry Hudson in the area around present-day Stuyvesant, where he was greeted by Native Americans with many children. With the Dutch kind meaning "child" and hoek meaning "corner", it could be that the name refers to a bend (or "corner") in the river where the children are. The eighth president of the United States, Martin Van Buren, was born in Kinderhook and retired to it.

The town of Kinderhook contains two villages, one of which is also named Kinderhook; the other is the village of Valatie. In addition, the town contains the hamlet of Niverville, next to Kinderhook Lake.

Valatie, New York
Valatie (/vəˈleɪʃə/; və-LAY-shə) is a village with several waterfalls in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 1,785 at the 2020 census. The village is at the center of the town of Kinderhook on US 9.
Nukufetau
Nukufetau is an atoll that is part of the nation of Tuvalu. The atoll was claimed by the US under the Guano Islands Act some time in the 19th century and was ceded in a treaty of friendship concluded in 1979 and coming into force in 1983. It has a population of 581 who live on Savave islet (2022 Census).

Savave
Savave is a village and islet of Nukufetau, Tuvalu, which is on the lagoon side of Fale islet. It is also the name of the small village on the island. In the late 19th century, after the coming of the missionaries, the people of Nukufetau lived on Fale islet before shifting to Savave which is on the lagoon side of the Fale settlement.: 86–87

In 1951 the school that was located on Motumua islet was transferred to Savave and became the government primary school for Nukufetau.: 91   It was named the Tutasi Memorial School in honour of its predecessor. It has 586 inhabitants. The Monument to the Friendship between Nukufetau and Nanumea is located on the islet.
Sarang (family of ragas)
Sarang ragang Hindustani pronunciation: [ˈsärəŋg ˈrägäŋg] (ISO 15919/IAST: Sāraṅg rāgaṅg, Hindi and Marathi: सारंग रागांग, Bengali: সারং রাগাঙ্গ), and all other ragas falling under this category are ragas in the Hindustani Classical music. Ragang refers to a family of ragas, sharing a common melodic kernel.
Other similar raga families are the Malhar family and the Kanada family. The Sarang ragas are sung in the time period of early afternoon. This includes many ragas originating from  folk music and songs. The Sarang raga and all other ragas falling under in this type depict the scenes of the Indian historic past events, e.g. raga Brindabani Sarang depicting Vrindavan village or Lankadahan Sarang depicting Lord Hanuman singing this raga while burning Lanka with his tail, etc.

Malhar (family of ragas)
Malhar Ragang and all other ragas falling under this category are ragas in the Hindustani Classical music. Ragang refers to a family of ragas sharing a common melodic kernel.
Other similar raga families are the Sarang family and the Kanada family. The Malhar ragas are generally sung in the Rainy season. The word Malhar is associated with torrential rains.

The unique phrase that categorises the Malhar family from others is m (m)R (m)R P, this is the Malhar signature phrase.
South-West Region, Ireland
The South-West is a strategic planning area within the Southern Region in Ireland. It is a NUTS Level III statistical region of Ireland (coded IE053). It includes the city of Cork and the counties of Cork and Kerry. The South-West region spans 12,120 km2 (4,680 sq mi), roughly 16% of the total area of the state and according to the 2022 census has a population of 736,489.

From 1994 to 2014, the region was governed by the South-West Regional Authority. That body was abolished in 2014 and from 2015, it was succeeded by the Southern Regional Assembly.

The South-West Region benefits from a mild climate and has a very scenic environment, which includes features such as MacGillycuddy's Reeks (the highest mountain range in Ireland), the Dingle Peninsula, Mizen Head and the Iveragh Peninsula, along with numerous small islands.

Southern Region, Ireland
Southern Region of Ireland is a subdivision of Ireland as defined by the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS). It is one of the three classified NUTS-2 statistical regions of Ireland. The region incorporates the southern parts of the country, and incorporates ten counties across the Mid-West, South-East, and South-West regions. With a population of nearly 1.8 million,it is the second most populated of the three regions of Ireland. And with a high HDI, the region is classified as one of the more developed regions in the European Union.