hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sharh Sunan Abi Dawud
Sharḥ Sunan Abī Dāwūd (Arabic: شرح سنن أبي داود, lit. 'Commentary on the Sunan of Abū Dāwūd’') is a 20-volume commentary on Sunan Abī Dāwūd, one of the six canonical collections of Sunni hadith. It was authored by the 9th-century AH (15th-century CE) Sunni scholar Ibn Raslān. This work is one of the most comprehensive and authoritative commentaries on this pivotal hadith collection. It thoroughly examines the hadiths, analyzes their chains of narration and textual meanings, and provides extensive interpretations and legal applications firmly grounded in the Shafi'i school of Islamic jurisprudence. The commentary is celebrated for its clarity and systematic presentation, making complex hadith accessible to a wide audience of students and scholars.

Ibn Raslan
Shihāb ad-Dīn Abū ’l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Ḥusayn ibn Raslān al-Maqdisī al-S̲h̲āfiʿī al-Ṣūfī (Arabic: شهاب الدين أبو العباس أحمد بن حسين بن رسلان المقدسي الشافعي الصوفي), commonly known as Ibn Raslān (Arabic: ابن رسلان; 771-843 AH/ 1371-1440 CE) was a Palestinian Sunni scholar in the late medieval Islamic period. He was a prominent Shafi'i jurist and hadith expert best known for authoring influential works such as Safwat al-Zubad and his extensive 20-volume Sharḥ Sunan Abī Dāwūd. It appears he followed the Ash'ari theological school, and was a Sufi in his practice and behaviour.
Jonathan Duncan (governor of Bombay)
Jonathan Duncan (15 May 1756 – 11 August 1811) was a British colonial administrator who served as the governor of Bombay from 27 December 1795 until his death in 1811.
He began his career in India in 1772, and in 1784 he was one of the charter members of the Asiatic Society founded in Calcutta by William Jones. In 1788, was appointed superintendent and resident at Benares by Lord Cornwallis, where he helped stamp out the practice of infanticide. In 1791, he started the Sanskrit College at Benares to promote the study of Hindu laws and philosophy in Banaras. (In 1958, the Sanskrit College became a university and in 1974 the name was changed to Sampurnanand Sanskrit University.)

In 1795, he became governor of Bombay, and held that post for the rest of his life (nearly sixteen years).

His illegitimate son, also named Jonathan Duncan, was an advocate of reforming the monetary system.

Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya
Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya (IAST: Sampūrṇānand Saṃskṛta Viśvavidyālaya, Vāraṇāsī; formerly Varanaseya Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya and Government Sanskrit College, Varanasi) is an Indian university and institution of higher learning located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. It is one of the largest Sanskrit universities in the world. Currently university offers a range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs in various disciplines. The university has been accredited by NAAC and recognized by UGC.
Zakouma National Park
Zakouma National Park (Arabic: حديقة زاكوما الوطنية) is a 3,000 km2 (1,158 sq mi) national park in southeastern Chad, straddling the border of Guéra Region and Salamat Region. Zakouma is the nation's oldest national park, declared a national park in 1963 by presidential decree, giving it the highest form of protection available under the nation's laws. It has been managed by the nonprofit conservation organization African Parks since 2010 in partnership with Chad's government.

African Parks
African Parks is a non-governmental organization (NGO) focused on biodiversity conservation through protected area management, established in 2000 and headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa. It was founded as the African Parks Management and Finance Company, a private company, then underwent structural changes to become an NGO called African Parks Foundation, and later renamed African Parks Network. The organization manages national parks and protected areas throughout Africa, in collaboration with governments and surrounding communities. African Parks manages 24 protected areas in 13 countries as of October 2025, and employs more than 5000 staff.
Ayesha Khan (Indian actress)
Ayesha Khan (born 13 September 2002) is an Indian actress who works in Telugu and Hindi films. She is well known from Bigg Boss Season 17, debuted in TV series with, Baalveer Returns (2019). Ayesha later made her film debut in Telugu with Mukhachitram (2022) and also starred in Om Bheem Bush (2024) and Manamey (2024). She also received recognition and praise for her dance in song "Shararat" in the 2025 blockbuster Dhurandhar. She also starred alongside Kapil Sharma in the film Kis Kisko Pyaar Karoon 2 in 2025.

Baalveer
Baalveer is an Indian fantasy television series and the longest-running speculative fiction television series in India. The franchise stars Dev Joshi in the titular role.

Its first season aired from 8 October 2012 to 4 November 2016.

The second season, titled Baalveer Returns, aired from 10 September 2019 to 30 June 2021. It is a direct sequel to the first season.

The third season, titled Baalveer 3, aired from 18 March 2023 to 9 September 2023. It is a spiritual sequel to Baalveer Returns.

The fourth season, titled Baalveer 4, ran from 6 May 2024 to 23 July 2024 on SonyLIV. It is a direct sequel to Baalveer 3.

A fifth season titled Baalveer 5 aired from 7 April 2025 to 10 May 2025 on SonyLIV. It is a direct sequel to Baalveer 4.
Robin Frijns
Robin Christiaan Maria Frijns (born 7 August 1991) is a Dutch racing driver. who most recently competed in Formula E with Envision Racing, and in the FIA World Endurance Championship for Team WRT as part of the BMW factory driver lineup.

Frijns has achieved successes throughout multiple single-seater and sportscar racing disciplines. This includes debut-year titles in the Formula Renault Eurocup and Formula Renault 3.5 Series, race wins in Formula E and the DTM, the 2017 Blancpain GT Series Sprint Cup championship, as well as the 24 Hours of Le Mans and WEC titles in the LMP2 class in 2021.

Envision Racing
The Envision Racing Formula E Team is a British motor racing team, based at Silverstone Park and majority-owned by Chinese wind turbine manufacturer Envision Energy that competes in Formula E.

Currently, the three drivers are Joel Eriksson, Sébastien Buemi and Alice Powell.
Pride of workmanship
Pride of workmanship is the gratifying sense of having done good work. It is an element of job satisfaction. One of the key principles in the philosophy of management consultant W. Edwards Deming is that workers have a right to pride of workmanship:

Remove barriers that rob the hourly worker of his right to pride of workmanship. The responsibility of supervisors must be changed from sheer numbers to quality.

Remove barriers that rob people in management and in engineering of their right to pride of workmanship. This means, inter alia, abolishment of the annual or merit rating and of management by objective.

W. Edwards Deming
William Edwards Deming (October 14, 1900 – December 20, 1993) was an American business theorist, composer, economist, industrial engineer, management consultant, statistician, and writer. Educated initially as an electrical engineer and later specializing in mathematical physics, he helped develop the sampling techniques still used by the United States Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. He is also known as the father of the quality movement, known as "Lean manufacturing" today, and was hugely influential in post-WWII Japan, credited with revolutionizing Japan's industry and making it one of the most dominant economies in the world. He is best known for his theories of management.
Yuexiu, Guangzhou
Yuexiu District (Chinese: 越秀区; Jyutping: jyut6 sau3 keoi1) is one of 11 urban districts and the seat of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China, located west of the Tianhe District and east of the Liwan District. It is the commercial, political and cultural centre of Guangdong and noted for its high-quality education. The area has served as a regional administrative center for nearly 2,000 years, and assumed its current boundaries in September 2005. The Guangdong provincial government and the Guangzhou city government are both located in the Yuexiu District. Yuexiu District has 18 subdistricts under its jurisdiction. The total area is 33.8 square kilometres (13.1 mi2). According to the 2020 Chinese Census, the permanent population of Yuexiu District was 1,038,643.

Liwan, Guangzhou
Liwan District is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong province, China. The district is split into two parts by the Pearl River: Xiguan in the northeast and Fangcun in the southwest. The area has a prominent history, dating back to the Qin dynasty, and hosts a number of major historic sites. Liwan District spans an area of 62.4 square kilometres (24.1 sq mi), and as of the end of 2023, has a population of about 1,113,000.
Naghma (singer)
Naghma (/ˈnæɡmə/; Pashto: نغمه ښاپېرۍ, IPA: [ˈnaɣmɐ ʂɑpeˈrəɪ]; born 1 January 1964) is an Afghan singer who started her career in the early 1980s. Similar to that of Sonny & Cher, she sang alongside Mangal during the 1980s and early 1990s. She sings in both Dari and Pashto, the country's two main languages.

Mangal (singer)
Mangal (Pashto: منګل), born in Laghman Province, is a prominent Afghan singer who started in the early 1970s. He and his ex-wife, Naghma, were a popular duo during the 1970s and early 1990s. Mangal sings in Pashto and Dari. His music is popular in Afghanistan, and Pakistan.
Cosas del Amor (song)
"Cosas del Amor" ("Things About Love") is a song by American recording artist Vikki Carr and Mexican singer-songwriter Ana Gabriel. It was released as the lead single from Carr's studio album Cosas del Amor (1991). Written by Roberto Livi and Rudy Pérez, the song portrays the relationship between two friends and confidences between both due to marital problems of one of them.

The song became commercially successful when it reached the top of the Billboard Latin Songs chart, the first for Carr and the fifth number-one single for Gabriel. "Cosas del Amor" has been widely covered by several artists including Ana Bárbara, Milly Quezada, Jenni Rivera, Olga Tañón, and Yuri, among others. The accompanying music video portrays Carr and Gabriel discussing the situation described in the song and witnessing a solar eclipse. The track earned awards such as a Lo Nuestro for Best Pop Song and the Single of the Year mention by the Radio y Música journal.

Premio Lo Nuestro 1992
The 4th Lo Nuestro Awards ceremony, presented by Univision honoring the best Latin music of 1991 and 1992 took place on May 14, 1992, at a live presentation held at the Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, Nevada. The ceremony was broadcast in the United States and Latin America by Univision.

During the ceremony, nineteen categories were presented. Winners were announced at the live event and included Mexican singer-songwriter Ana Gabriel receiving four competitive awards. Dominican singer Juan Luis Guerra, Mexican group Pandora, and American band La Mafia earned two accolades each.
St Martin-in-the-Fields High School for Girls
St Martin-in-the-Fields High School for Girls was one of the oldest schools for girls in Britain. It was established in 1699 as a charitable enterprise by the parish of St Martin-in-the-Fields. Its popularity and growth led to its relocation in 1928 on a larger site in Tulse Hill, in the South London borough of Lambeth, England. For most of its history it was a grammar school, but at its closure in 2024 it was a secondary school with academy status.

The school badge depicts the eponymous St. Martin of Tours. The school motto, Caritate et disciplina translates as "With Love and Learning". The school remained Christian but accepted girls of all faiths.

Following the school's closure because of declining enrolment, it was announced that the building would become a youth hub called Oasis St Martin's Village.

St Martin-in-the-Fields
St Martin-in-the-Fields is a Church of England parish church at the north-east corner of Trafalgar Square in the City of Westminster, London. Dedicated in honour of Saint Martin of Tours, there has been a church on the site since at least the medieval period. This location, at that time, was farmlands and fields beyond the London wall.

St Martin's became a principal parish church west of the old City in the early modern period as Westminster's population grew. When its medieval and Jacobean structure was found to be near failure, the present building was constructed in an influential neoclassical design by James Gibbs in 1722–1726. The church is one of the visual anchors adding to the open-urban space around Trafalgar Square.
NoViolet Bulawayo
NoViolet  Bulawayo is the pen name of Elizabeth Zandile Tshele (born 12 October 1981), a Zimbabwean author. In 2012, the National Book Foundation named her a "5 Under 35" honoree. She was named one of the Top 100 most influential Africans by New African magazine in 2014. Her debut novel, We Need New Names, was shortlisted for the 2013 Booker Prize, and her second novel, Glory, was shortlisted for the 2022 Booker Prize, making her "the first Black African woman to appear on the Booker list twice".

2013 Man Booker Prize
The 2013 Booker Prize for Fiction was awarded on 15 October 2013 to Eleanor Catton for her novel The Luminaries. A longlist of thirteen titles was announced on 23 July, and these were narrowed down to a shortlist of six titles, announced on 10 September. The jury was chaired by Robert Macfarlane, who was joined by Robert Douglas-Fairhurst, Natalie Haynes, Martha Kearney, and Stuart Kelly. The shortlist contained great geographical and ethnic diversity, with Zimbabwean-born NoViolet Bulawayo, Eleanor Catton of New Zealand, Jim Crace from England, Indian American Jhumpa Lahiri, Canadian-American Ruth Ozeki and Colm Tóibín of Ireland.
Easterville, Manitoba
Easterville is an unincorporated community, designated as a northern community, in the Canadian province of Manitoba.

It is situated 200 kilometres southeast of The Pas and 100 kilometres (40 km by air) west of Grand Rapids, on the south shore of Cedar Lake. Its elevation above sea level is 265 metres (869 ft). The Chemawawin Cree Nation community is adjacent to the community on Cedar Lake.

The current community of Easterville was established in 1962, when nearby native populations were being displaced by the building of the Grand Rapids Dam, which flooded their prior ~80-year-old community of Chemawawin.

Chemawawin Cree Nation
The Chemawawin Cree Nation (Swampy Cree: ᒌᒧᐑᐏᐣ, romanized: cîmowîwin, lit. 'fishing with two canoes across from each other pulling a net') is a First Nations community located in the lower region of northern Manitoba, Canada, next to the community of Easterville.

The population of this First Nation is identified as Swampy Cree and also Rocky Cree (Asinīskāwiyiniwak). The main reserve, Chemawawin 2, is located on the south shore of Cedar Lake in Census Division No. 21, whereas the larger but less populous Chemawawin 3 (52°57′04″N 99°43′45″W﻿ / ﻿52.95111°N 99.72917°W﻿ / 52.95111; -99.72917) lies directly south on the northeast shores of Lake Winnipegosis in Census Division No. 19.
Basketball Champions League Americas
The Basketball Champions League Americas (BCLA) (Spanish: Liga de Campeones de Baloncesto de las Américas, Portuguese: Liga dos Campeões de Basquetebol das Américas) is Pan-America's premier men's basketball club competition. Founded in 2019, it replaced the FIBA Americas League as the highest level league in the Americas. The winner of each year's competition qualifies to the annual FIBA Intercontinental Cup.

Each season exists of 12 teams that qualify through their domestic leagues and the league is typically organized between December and April of the following calendar year.

Thus far the league has been won by four different teams. Argentine team Quimsa and Brazilian team Flamengo are the only teams to win the championship twice.

Campeonato Panamericano de Clubes de Básquetbol
The Campeonato Panamericano de Clubes de Básquetbol (English: Pan American Basketball Club Championship) was an international professional basketball tournament that was contested from 1993 to 2000, with the exception of 1998, when it was scheduled to be held in the Dominican Republic, and was cancelled due to Hurricane Georges. The team that won the most championships was Franca Basquetebol Clube, with 4 titles.

This tournament which was known as Copa America in its first editions, was the predecessor of the FIBA Americas League created in 2007.
Frataraka
Frataraka (Aramaic: Prtkr’𐡐𐡓𐡕𐡊𐡓’, "governor", or more specifically "sub-satrapal governor")  is an ancient Persian title, interpreted variously as “leader, governor, forerunner”. It is an epithet or title of a series of rulers in Persis from 3rd to mid 2nd century BC, or alternatively between 295 and 220 BC, at the time of the Seleucid Empire, prior to the Parthian conquest of West Asia and Iran. Studies of frataraka coins are important to historians of this period.

Kings of Persis
The Kings of Persis, also known as the Darayanids, were a series of Iranian kings, who ruled the region of Persis in southwestern Iran, from the 2nd century BCE to 224 CE. They ruled as vassal kings of the Parthian Empire, until they toppled them and established the Sasanian Empire. They effectively formed some Persian dynastic continuity between the Achaemenid Empire (6th century BCE – 4th century BCE) and the Sasanian Empire (3rd century CE – 7th century CE).
Jean Cocteau Museum
The Jean Cocteau Museum/Séverin Wunderman Collection is a museum in Menton, on the French Riviera, in the Alpes-Maritimes department. Dedicated to the French artist Jean Cocteau, it incorporates the collection of American businessman and Cocteau enthusiast Séverin Wunderman.

Bastion Museum
The Bastion Museum is a museum of works by Jean Cocteau, on the harbour wall of Menton, on the French Riviera, in the Alpes-Maritimes department of France. The Bastion was built in the 17th century by Honoré II, Prince of Monaco. Cocteau restored the Bastion himself, decorating the alcoves, reception hall and outer walls with mosaics made from pebbles.

The Bastion Museum opened in 1966, three years after Cocteau's death.

A new exhibition of Cocteau's work is installed in the Bastion every year.
Foundation for Independent Higher Education
The Foundation for Independent Higher Education (FIHE) is the national office for a network of state-based private college fundraising associations in the United States. It was founded in 1958 as the Independent College Funds of America (ICFA). In 2010 it merged into the Council of Independent Colleges. FIHE was created to support the work of the regional fundraising consortia to secure additional financial resources in support of America's independent colleges and universities and their students.  FIHE today supports 38 state consortia through member services programs, professional development workshops, collaborative initiatives, and grant programs made possible by gifts from corporations as well as from its own endowment. Based in Washington, DC, FIHE has provided nearly $100 million in grants to and through its member state consortia, and has had a tangible impact on the growth and development of the private college sector in America.

Council of Independent Colleges
The Council of Independent Colleges (CIC) is an association in the United States of more than 650 independent, liberal arts colleges and universities and more than 100 higher education affiliates and organizations. Member institutions are drawn from across the spectrum of independent higher education, including selective liberal arts colleges, medium-sized private universities, religious colleges, historically black colleges, and single-sex institutions. The council is headquartered at One Dupont Circle in Washington, DC.

Since 2021, the organization has been led by Marjorie Hass, a former college president.
Basanta Kumar Biswas
Basanta Kumar Biswas (6 February 1895 – 11 May 1915) was an Indian pro-independence activist involved in the Jugantar group who, in December 1912, played a role in the bombing of the Viceroy's parade in what came to be known as the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy.

Biswas was one of the illustrious names of the early pro-independence activists of Bengal and the entire country. He was expert in bomb making and was initiated into revolutionary movement by Jugantar leaders Amarendranath Chattopadhyaya and Rash Behari Bose.

Delhi conspiracy case
The Delhi Conspiracy case, also known as the  Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy, refers to an attempt made in 1912 to assassinate the then Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge by throwing a local self-made bomb of Anushilan Samiti by Basanta Kumar Biswas, on the occasion of transferring the capital of British India from Calcutta to New Delhi. Hatched by the Indian revolutionaries underground in Bengal and Punjab and headed by Rash Behari Bose, the conspiracy culminated in the attempted assassination on 23 December 1912, when a homemade bomb was thrown into the Viceroy's howdah as the ceremonial procession was moving through the Chandni Chowk suburb of Delhi.
Nakabolelwa
Nakabolelwa is a settlement in Namibia's Zambezi Region, located 79 kilometres southeast of the region's capital, Katima Mulilo. It serves as the administrative centre of the Kabbe South Constituency.

Kabbe South Constituency was established in August 2013, following the Fourth Delimitation Commission of Namibia's recommendation to split the former Kabbe Constituency into two: Kabbe North and Kabbe South. This division was made in preparation for the 2014 general election.

Kabbe South
Kabbe South is a constituency in Namibia's Zambezi Region. The administrative centre of the constituency is the settlement of Nakabolelwa, situated 79 kilometres south-east of the region's capital, Katima Mulilo. It has a population of 142,373 and covers an area of 1,258 km², resulting in a population density of approximately 9.021/km².

Kabbe South Constituency was created in August 2013 from the eastern part of the former Kabbe Constituency, following a recommendation of the Fourth Delimitation Commission of Namibia to split Kabbe into a southern and a northern part in preparation for the 2014 general election
Eugenio Daza
Don Eugenio Daza y Salazar (November 15, 1870 – December 16, 1954) was a Filipino principale (nobleman) recognized by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) as the first maestro (teacher) in the Samar province. He was both an infantry major and procurement officer in the Philippine Republican Army during the Philippine-American War. He was area commander of General Lukbán's forces for Southeastern Samar and overall commander and tactician of the Battle of Balangiga.

After the war, he helped establish peace and order in Samar, in the transition to American governance. He was the congressman and Representative of Samar's 3rd District to the First Philippine Legislature. Daza was a leader in the Pulahan Campaign and his success is credited to having led to the overall victory of the campaign. Daza was one of the earliest advocates for the return of the Balangiga Bells. His 1935 memoir on the Balangiga Encounter aided in their eventual return.

Philippine Revolutionary Army
The Philippine Revolutionary Army (Spanish: Ejército Revolucionario Filipino; Tagalog: Hukbong Tagapagbangong Puri), later renamed Philippine Republican Army,  was the army of the First Philippine Republic from its formation in March 1897 to its dissolution in November of 1899 in favor of guerrilla operations in the Philippine–American War.