hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Royal College of Science and Technology
The Royal College of Science and Technology was a higher education college that existed in Glasgow, Scotland between 1887 and 1964.  Tracing its history back to the Andersonian Institute (founded in 1796), it is the direct predecessor institution of the University of Strathclyde (along with the Scottish College of Commerce). Its main building on George Street now serves as one of the major academic and administration buildings of the University of Strathclyde.

University of Strathclyde
The University of Strathclyde (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Shrath Chluaidh) is a public research university located in Glasgow, Scotland. Founded in 1796 as the Andersonian Institute, it is Glasgow's second-oldest university, having received its royal charter in 1964 as the first technological university in the United Kingdom. Taking its name from the historic Kingdom of Strathclyde, its combined enrolment of 25,000 undergraduate and graduate students ranks it Scotland's third-largest university, drawn with its staff from over 100 countries.

The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £430.6 million of which £119.5 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £440.1 million.
Bealeton, Virginia
Bealeton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fauquier County, Virginia, United States, at the intersection of U.S. Route 17 and State Route 28. The population was 5,882 at the 2020 census.

Public schools in Bealeton include Grace Miller Elementary, Cedar Lee Middle, and Liberty High School. Bealeton is home to its own post office, with ZIP code 22712.

Fauquier County, Virginia
Fauquier County /fɔːˈkɪər/ is a United States county located on the Piedmont plateau of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  Part of the Northern Virginia region, Fauquier is included in the Washington metropolitan area.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 72,972. The county seat is the large historic town of  Warrenton.

The county was created in 1759 from part of Prince William County and was named in honor of Francis Fauquier, the administrative head of Virginia Colony at the time.  Fauquier hosts the Virginia Gold Cup, which, having started in 1922, is one of the longest running steeplechase horse race events in the United States.
Thai Elephant Orchestra
The Thai Elephant Orchestra is a musical ensemble consisting of as many as fourteen Thai elephants near Lampang in Northern Thailand. The elephants play music, essentially as conducted improvisations, on specially designed heavy-duty musical instruments. The orchestra was co-created by elephant conservationist Richard Lair of the National Elephant Institute  and the American musical artist and neuroscientist Dave Soldier.  They have released three CDs on the Mulatta Records label with an orchestra ranging in size from six to fourteen elephants. The orchestra currently performs for visitors at the center.  It was created as part of the center's effort to  provide a place for former working animals.  Their music has been described as "genuine" by some music critics.

David Sulzer
David Sulzer (born November 6, 1956) is an American neuroscientist and musician. He is a professor at Columbia University Medical Center in the departments of psychiatry, neurology, and pharmacology. Sulzer's laboratory investigates the interaction between the synapses of the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia, including the dopamine system, in habit formation, planning, decision making, and diseases of the system.  His lab has developed the first means to optically measure neurotransmission, and has introduced new hypotheses of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease, and changes in synapses that produce autism  and habit learning.

Under the stage name Dave Soldier, he is known as a composer and musician in a variety of genres including avant-garde, classical, and jazz. The intersection between these careers was detailed in a 2023 New Yorker profile.
Ottla Kafka
Ottilie "Ottla" Kafka (29 October 1892 – 7 October 1943) was the youngest sister of Franz Kafka. His favourite sister, she was probably also the relative closest to him and supported him in difficult times. Their correspondence was published as Letters to Ottla. She was murdered in the Holocaust.

Letters to Ottla
Letters to Ottla and the Family (Briefe an Ottla und die Familie) is a book collecting Franz Kafka's letters to his sister Ottla (Ottilie Davidová, née Kafka), as well as some letters to his parents Julie and Hermann Kafka. These letters were written between 1909 and 1924; though Ottla was murdered in the Holocaust (gassed in Auschwitz on October 7, 1943), the letters were preserved by her husband and children. Originally published in German in 1974, the letters were translated into English by Richard and Clara Winston and published by Schocken Books in 1982. The English edition also includes photographs of Kafka and Ottla, as well as several images of postcards, letters, and drawings Kafka had sent his sister.
The New Story of the Stone
The New Story of the Stone (T: 新石頭記, S: 新石头记) is a novel composed by Chinese author Wu Jianren and published in 1905. The novel is framed as a sequel of the classic novel, Dream of the Red Chamber (紅樓夢), by Cao Xueqin (曹雪芹).

An English translation by Liz Evans Weber was published by Columbia University Press in 2025.

Wu Jianren
Wu Jianren (T: 吳趼人, S: 吴趼人, P: Wú Jiǎnrén, W: Wu Chien-jen, J: Ng4 Gaan2 Jan4; 1866–1910), also known as Wu Woyao (T: 吳沃堯, S: 吴沃尧, P: Wú Wòyáo, W: Wu Wo-yao, J: Ng4 Juk1 Jiu4) was a Chinese writer of the late Qing period.  A native of Fatshan, Kwangtung province,  he is known for several novels, namely Bizarre Happenings Eyewitnessed over Two Decades, A Strange Case of Nine Murders, and The Sea of Regret. Wu Jianren is a representative figure of modern Chinese novel for his innovation and technique. He was writing modern fiction at least a decade before Lu Xun, and was ahead of his time in his use of narrators and a centralized character. From 1902 to 1910, Wu Jianren wrote the most articles in the group of writers who responded to Liang Qichao's "revolution of Chinese novel".
Durant Public School District
The Durant Public School District was a public school district based in Durant, Mississippi, United States. The district served students in the City of Durant.

Effective July 1, 2018 the Durant school district and the Holmes County School District consolidated into the Holmes County Consolidated School District.

As of 2016 the superintendent was Edwin Robinson. It operated a single school, Durant Public School, with elementary and secondary divisions.

Holmes County Consolidated School District
The Holmes County Consolidated School District (HCCSD), formerly the Holmes County School District, is a public school district based in Lexington, Mississippi (USA). The district covers all of Holmes County, including the City of Durant area previously served by the Durant Public School District. Effective July 1, 2018 the Holmes County and Durant school districts consolidated into the Holmes County Consolidated School District.

As of 2016 the district had a per student spending rate, adjusted for regional cost differentiation, of $8,368, $3,500 under the U.S. average. The district received, for every student, $1,500 as per Title I. Its student body is among the poorest in the United States.
Salvin's albatross
Salvin's albatross (Thalassarche salvini) or Salvin's mollymawk, is a large seabird that breeds mainly on the Bounty Islands of New Zealand, with scant amounts on islands across the Southern Ocean. A medium-sized mollymawk, it was long considered to be a subspecies of the shy albatross.

Shy albatross
The shy albatross (Thalassarche cauta), also known as the shy mollymawk, is a medium-sized albatross that breeds on three remote islands off the coast of Tasmania, Australia, in the southern Indian Ocean. Its lifespan is about 60 years, and it has been seen as far afield as South Africa and the Pacific coast of the United States. As of June 2020, the species is listed as "Endangered" in Australia; there are thought to be 15,000 pairs of shy albatross left. It is Australia's only endemic albatross.

Some authorities call this species the white-capped albatross, but that name is more commonly applied to Thalassarche cauta steadi.
Gurage people
Gurage (/ɡʊəˈrɑːɡeɪ/, Gurage: ጉራጌ) are a Semitic-speaking ethnic group inhabiting Ethiopia. They inhabit the Gurage Zone and East Gurage Zone, a fertile, semi-mountainous region in Central Ethiopia Regional State, about 125 kilometers southwest of Addis Ababa, bordering the Awash River in the north, the Gibe River, a tributary of the Omo River, to the southwest, and Hora-Dambal in the east.

According to the 2007 Ethiopian national census, the Gurage can also be found in substantial numbers in Addis Ababa, Oromia Region, Harari Region and Dire Dawa.

Historically, they trace their migration from ጉራዕ(Gura) and some oral traditions linking them to ancient Sheba and South Arabia.

Ethio-Semitic languages
Ethio-Semitic (also Ethiopian Semitic, Ethiosemitic, Ethiopic or Abyssinian) is a family of languages spoken in Ethiopia, Eritrea and Sudan. They form the western branch of the South Semitic languages, itself a sub-branch of Semitic, part of the Afroasiatic language family.

With 57,500,000 total speakers as of 2019, including around 25,100,000 second language speakers, Amharic is the most widely spoken of the group, the most widely spoken language of Ethiopia and second-most widely spoken Semitic language in the world after Arabic. Tigrinya has 7 million speakers and is the most widely spoken language in Eritrea. Tigre is the second-most spoken language in Eritrea, and has also a small population of speakers in Sudan. The Geʽez language has a literary history in its own script starting in the 1st century. Geʽez is no longer spoken, but remains the liturgical language of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Churches, as well as their respective Eastern Catholic counterparts.
Southern Oklahoma Aulacogen
The Southern Oklahoma Aulacogen (ah-lah-coh-jin)ⓘ is a failed rift, or failed rift arm (aulacogen), of the triple junction that became the Iapetus Ocean spreading ridges. It is a significant geological feature in the Western and Southern United States. It formed sometime in the early to mid Cambrian Period and spans the Wichita Mountains, Taovayan Valley, Anadarko Basin, and Hardeman Basin in Southwestern Oklahoma. The Southern Oklahoma Aulacogen is primarily composed of basaltic dikes, gabbros, and units of granitic rock.

Aulacogen
An aulacogen is a failed arm of a triple junction. Aulacogens are a part of plate tectonics where oceanic and continental crust is continuously being created, destroyed, and rearranged on the Earth’s surface. Rift zones are places where new crust is formed. An aulacogen is a rift zone that is no longer active.
Palatine tonsil
Palatine tonsils, commonly called the tonsils and occasionally called the faucial tonsils, are tonsils located on the left and right sides at the back of the throat in humans and other mammals, which can often be seen as flesh-colored, pinkish lumps. Tonsils only present as "white lumps" if they are inflamed or infected with symptoms of exudates (pus drainage) and severe swelling.

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils and will often, but not necessarily, cause a sore throat and fever. In chronic cases, tonsillectomy may be indicated.

Adenoid
The adenoid, also known as the  pharyngeal tonsil, or nasopharyngeal tonsil is the superior-most of the tonsils. It is a mass of lymphoid tissue located behind the nasal cavity, in the roof and the posterior wall of the nasopharynx, where the nose blends into the throat. In children, it normally forms a soft mound in the roof and back wall of the nasopharynx, just above and behind the uvula.

The term adenoid is also used in anatomy to represent adenoid hypertrophy, the abnormal growth of the pharyngeal tonsils.
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S)
Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Pakistan (S) (Urdu: جمیعت علماءِ اسلام (س)) commonly known as Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S) is a political party in Pakistan. It was established in 1980, as a breakaway faction of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI) founded by Maulana Shabbir Ahmed Usmani in 1945. The "S" in its name stands for the name of its leader, Maulana Sami-ul-Haq.  A small party in the realm of Pakistani politics it achieved some success in 2002 when it joined the provincial government in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa as a junior member of the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) coalition government.

Sami-ul-Haq
Sami-ul-Haq (18 December 1937 – 2 November 2018) was a Pakistani Islamic scholar and politician. He is regarded as the ideologue of the Taliban for his role in his seminary Darul Uloom Haqqania played in the graduation of most Taliban leaders and commanders, having close ties to Taliban leader Mullah Omar.

With his party Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S), which split from Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) because Haq supported Zia-ul-Haq and his policies, he was a member of the Senate of Pakistan from 1985 to 1991 and again from 1991 to 1997.

Sami-ul-Haq was assassinated after being stabbed multiple times at his residence in Bahria Town, Rawalpindi. After his assassination in 2018 his son Hamid Ul Haq Haqqani became the chancellor of the seminary and the ameer or head of the political party.
Owstonia
Owstonia is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cepolidae, the bandfishes. It is the only genus in the monotypic subfamily Owstoninae. They are found in deep waters of the Indian and Pacific Ocean.

Bandfish
The bandfishes, family Cepolidae, are 23 species of marine ray-finned fishes, They are native to the East Atlantic and Indo-Pacific where they dig burrows in sandy or muddy seabeds and eat zooplankton.
Kiss Land
Kiss Land is the debut studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter the Weeknd. It was released on September 10, 2013, through XO and Republic Records. The album was supported by the lead single of the same name, as well as "Belong to the World", "Love in the Sky", "Live For", "Pretty", and "Wanderlust". The album's production was primarily handled by DannyBoyStyles, the Weeknd himself and DaHeala, among others.

Kiss Land received generally positive reviews from critics. The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200, selling 95,000 copies in its first week. As of August 2015, the album had sold 273,000 copies in the United States.

Kiss Land (song)
"Kiss Land" is a song by the Canadian singer-songwriter the Weeknd, from his debut studio album of the same name. It was released on May 17, 2013, by XO and Republic Records, as the lead single from the album. The song was written by the Weeknd, Danny Schofield, Jason Quenneville, all three producing the song with Silkky Johnson, with Jack Holkeboer receiving writing credits.
Silencio=Muerte: Red Hot + Latin
Silencio=Muerte: Red Hot + Latin, The tenth entry in the Red Hot Benefit Series of compilation albums, takes a post-modern look at the contemporary rock en Español scene. This compilation features music from Spanish, Pan-American, as well non-Latin/Anglo-American acts that have either transformed the sounds and images of Latin music or have been influenced by the same.

As with other entries in the series, this project tailors its AIDS-awareness message to a specific target. Here, the focus is on the rapidly expanding epidemic of AIDS in Latin America.

Upon its release in 1997, Silencio=Muerte peaked at #14 and #48 on Billboard's Latin pop and Top Latin Albums, respectively.

The album was re-issued by Nacional Records in 2006 as Red Hot + Latin Redux, including new bonus tracks.

Red Hot Organization
Red Hot Organization (RHO) is a non-profit, 501(c) 3, international organization with goals to promote diversity through equal access to healthcare through pop culture.

Since its inception in 1989, over 400 artists, producers and directors have contributed to over 21 compilation albums, related television programs, and media events to raise donations totaling more than 10 million dollars for HIV / AIDS relief and awareness around the world.

The Red Hot Organization Collection was donated to Fales Library in New York City in 2006.
Mary Jean & 9 Others
Mary Jean & 9 Others is the fourth album by singer-songwriter Marshall Crenshaw. The album was produced by Don Dixon and features a return to the sounds of Crenshaw's earlier work after the country rock excursion of his previous album, Downtown.

Don Dixon (musician)
Donald Allen Dixon (born December 13, 1950) is an American record producer, songwriter, and musician. He is considered to be one of the key producers of what is called the jangle pop movement of the early 1980s, including working with R.E.M. and the Smithereens.
Ashland, Wisconsin
Ashland is a city in Ashland and Bayfield counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is the county seat of Ashland County. The city is a port on Lake Superior, near the head of Chequamegon Bay. The population was 7,908 at the 2020 census, all of whom resided in the Ashland County portion of the city. The unpopulated Bayfield County portion is in the city's southwest, bordered by the easternmost part of the Town of Eileen.

The junction of US Highway 2 (US 2) and Wisconsin Highway 13 (WIS 13) is located at this city. It is the home of Northwood Technical College, the Sigurd Olson Environmental Institute, and the recently closed Northland College. The town's original name, zhamawanik, means 'long stretched beaver' in Ojibwe.

Wisconsin Highway 13
State Trunk Highway 13 (often called Highway 13, STH-13 or WIS 13) is a state highway running north–south across northwest and central Wisconsin. WIS 13 serves as a major north–south route connecting the communities of Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin Rapids, Marshfield and Ashland. WIS 13 is part of the Lake Superior Circle Tour from its northern/western terminus to Ashland at is eastern junction with U.S. Highway 2 (US 2). The road also provides access to the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore off the Lake Superior shoreline at Bayfield. The highway is two-lane surface road with the exception of various urban multilane road sections.
Freeloaders (band)
The Freeloaders were an English house music duo formed in 2004 by Kevin O'Toole and Dale Longworth, the founder members of N-Trance.

Under this alias they released a UK Top 10 single, "So Much Love to Give", which sampled The Real Thing; and an album Freshly Squeezed. Other musicians involved with the Freeloaders were Jerome Stokes and Vinny Burns.

N-Trance
N-Trance (/ˈɛntrɑːns/) are a British electronic music group who were formed by Kevin O'Toole and Dale Longworth in 1990. The group is known for their European hit songs "Set You Free" and "Electronic Pleasure", and their covers of the 1970s disco songs "Stayin' Alive", "D.I.S.C.O.", "Shake Ya Body", and "Da Ya Think I'm Sexy?". They had 14 charting singles in the UK during 1994–2004.
Caritas Europa
Caritas Europa is a European confederation of Catholic social service providers and international development and humanitarian relief organisations operating in Europe. It is one of the seven regions of Caritas Internationalis.

Caritas Europa refers to both the European network with its 49 member organisations, and its secretariat based in Brussels, Belgium.

Caritas Internationalis
Caritas Internationalis (Latin pronunciation: [kaː.ri.t̪as in̪.t̪er.nat̪.t̪͡s̪iˈɔː.na.lis]; lit. 'Charity International') is a confederation of 162 national Catholic relief, development, and social service organisations operating in over 200 countries and territories worldwide. The name Caritas Internationalis refers to both the global network of Caritas organisations and to its general secretariat based in Vatican City.

Collectively and individually, their missions are "to serve the poor and to promote charity and justice throughout the world". Caritas Internationalis is the second-largest international humanitarian aid network in the world after the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.
Vibronic spectroscopy
Vibronic spectroscopy is a branch of molecular spectroscopy concerned with vibronic transitions: the simultaneous changes in electronic and vibrational energy levels of a molecule due to the absorption or emission of a photon of the appropriate energy. In the gas phase, vibronic transitions are also accompanied by changes in rotational energy.

Vibronic spectra of diatomic molecules have been analysed in detail; emission spectra are more complicated than absorption spectra. The intensity of allowed vibronic transitions is governed by the Franck–Condon principle. Vibronic spectroscopy may provide information, such as bond length, on electronic excited states of stable molecules. It has also been applied to the study of unstable molecules such as dicarbon (C2) in discharges, flames and astronomical objects.

Photoemission spectroscopy
Photoemission spectroscopy (PES), also known as photoelectron spectroscopy, refers to energy or spin measurement of electrons emitted from solids, gases or liquids by the photoelectric effect, in order to determine the binding energies or magnetic properties of electrons in the substance. The term refers to various techniques, depending on whether the ionization energy is provided by X-ray, EUV or UV photons. Regardless of the incident photon beam, however, all photoelectron spectroscopy revolves around the general theme of surface analysis by measuring the ejected electrons.
Doing It to Death (album)
Doing It to Death is an album by The J.B.'s, released in 1973 by People Records. The album includes a ten-minute version of the #1 R&B hit "Doing It to Death", which is led by Danny Ray's introduction to simulate his MC in concerts.

The introduction, like many Brown's produced live albums, such as Live at the Apollo, Live at the Apollo, Volume II and Revolution of the Mind were sampled on hip hop and electronic music.

Doing It to Death
"Doing It to Death", also known as "Gonna Have a Funky Good Time", is a funk song recorded by  The J.B.'s featuring James Brown. 
A 10-minute, two-part version of "Doing It to Death" was included on a J.B.'s album of the same name. The complete, unedited and nearly 13-minute-long original recording of the song was first issued on the 1995 J.B.'s compilation Funky Good Time: The Anthology. Performances of the song also appear on the albums Live at Chastain Park and Live at the Apollo 1995.
Elmshorn station
Elmshorn station is a railway station in Elmshorn in Schleswig-Holstein. Here the Hamburg-Altona–Kiel railway (R70) meets the Marsh Railway (R60). Elmshorn is also the terminus of the A3 line of the AKN Eisenbahn. That makes it the third-busiest station in Schleswig-Holstein. The Deutsche Bahn classifies it as a category 3 station and Elmshorn station is in the Hamburger Verkehrsverbund.

Marsh Railway
The Marsh Railway (German: Marschbahn) is a main line in the state of Schleswig-Holstein in Germany that links the stations of Elmshorn in the south and Westerland on the island of Sylt in the north. It is part of 237 km (147 mi) long route from Hamburg-Altona to Westerland (Sylt) and is listed in the Deutsche Bahn timetables as Kursbuchstrecke 130. The first part of it was opened in 1845 and is one of the oldest lines in Germany.