hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Judge
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a judicial panel. In an adversarial system, the judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the barristers or solicitors of the case, assesses the credibility and arguments of the parties, and then issues a ruling in the case based on their interpretation of the law and their own personal judgment. A judge is expected to conduct the trial impartially and, typically, in an open court.

The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. In some jurisdictions, the judge's powers may be shared with a jury. In inquisitorial systems of criminal investigation, a judge might also be an examining magistrate. The presiding judge ensures that all court proceedings are lawful and orderly.

Court
A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties  and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law.

Courts generally consist of judges or other judicial officers, and are usually established and dissolved through legislation enacted by a legislature. Courts may also be established by constitution or an equivalent constituting instrument.

The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction, which describes the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions, or petitions put to it. There are various kinds of courts, including trial courts, appellate courts, administrative courts, international courts, and tribunals.
Mole (animal)
Moles are small, subterranean mammals. They have cylindrical bodies, velvety fur, very small, inconspicuous eyes and ears, reduced hindlimbs, and short, powerful forelimbs with large paws adapted for digging.

The word "mole" most commonly refers to many species in the family Talpidae (which are named after the Latin word for mole, talpa). True moles are found in most parts of North America, Europe (except for Ireland) and Asia. Other mammals referred to as moles include the African golden moles and the Australian marsupial moles, which have a similar ecology and lifestyle to true moles but are unrelated.

Moles may be viewed as pests to gardeners, but they provide positive contributions to soil, gardens, and ecosystems, including soil aeration, feeding on slugs and small creatures that eat plant roots, and providing prey for other wildlife. They eat earthworms and other small invertebrates in the soil.

Golden mole
Golden moles are small insectivorous burrowing mammals endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. They belong to the family Chrysochloridae (the only family in the suborder Chrysochloridea) and as such they are taxonomically distinct from the true moles, family Talpidae, and other mole-like families, all of which, to various degrees, they resemble as a result of evolutionary convergence. There are 21 species. Some (e.g., Chrysochloris asiatica, Amblysomus hottentotus) are relatively common, whereas others (e.g., species of Chrysospalax, Cryptochloris, Neamblysomus) are rare and endangered.
Sarıkamış District
Sarıkamış District is a district of the Kars Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town of Sarıkamış . Its area is 2,038 km2, and its population is 37,744 (2022).

The Sarıkamış district neighbours the districts of Selim and Kağızman to east, Şenkaya and Horasan to the west, Eleşkirt to the south, Selim and Şenkaya to the north and occupies an area of 1,732 km (1,076 mi). Its average altitude is 1,500 to 2,000 metres (4,900 to 6,600 ft), and Aladag Mountain, at 3,138 metres (10,295 ft), is within its borders. Other important mountains are Süphan, Balıklı (2,835 m [9,301 ft]), Kösedağı (2,599 m [8,527 ft]), Çıplakdağ (2,634 m [8,642 ft]) and Soğanlı (2,849 m [9,347 ft]). The Kars and Aras rivers flow through it.

Sarıkamış
Sarıkamış or Sarikamish (Kurdish: Zerqamîş, Armenian: Սարիղամիշ, romanized: Sariġamiš) is a town in Kars Province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Sarıkamış District. Its population is 15,260 (2022).

The town is perhaps best known for being the site of the Battle of Sarikamish, one of the major battles of the Caucasus front of World War I.
GeeXPlus
GeeXPlus, Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社GeeXPlus, Hepburn: Kabushikigaisha GeeXPlus; also known as GeeX+) is a Japanese talent agency that manages content creators targeting overseas audiences. Founded in 2019 by the Kadokawa Corporation as a part of BookWalker, the company aims to connect Japanese brands with global influencers by supporting content production, promotion, and distribution. GeeXPlus is known for bringing international creators to Japan, including members of the Trash Taste podcast. In 2025, GeeXPlus became part of Dwango and launched GeeXProductions, a new division focused on producing creator-led projects such as anime, web series, and digital media. Notable content creators that are affiliated with GeeXPlus include Gigguk, CDawgVA, Emirichu, Daidus, and DillonGoo among others.

Emirichu
Emily Sim (born August 27, 1995), also known as her pseudonym Emirichu, is an American YouTuber, VTuber, animator, and illustrator based in Japan. She rose to fame in 2017 through story-time animation videos on YouTube, gaining attention with her viral animatic "It's Not Like I Like You!!". Inspired by anime and Studio Ghibli, she returned to drawing after college and later became a VTuber. In 2022, she joined the Japanese talent agency GeeXPlus and moved to Japan, where she now works on art projects, including the traditional art channel Spilled Ink with Daidus.
Advanced IRB
The term Advanced IRB or A-IRB is an abbreviation of advanced internal ratings-based approach, and it refers to a set of credit risk measurement techniques proposed under Basel II capital adequacy rules for banking institutions.

Under this approach the banks are allowed to develop their own empirical model to quantify required capital for credit risk. Banks can use this approach only subject to approval from their local regulators.

Under A-IRB banks are supposed to use their own quantitative models to estimate PD (probability of default), EAD (exposure at default), LGD (loss given default) and other parameters required for calculating the RWA (risk-weighted asset). Then total required capital is calculated as a fixed percentage of the estimated RWA.

Reforms to the internal ratings-based approach to credit risk are due to be introduced under the Basel III: Finalising post-crisis reforms.

Loss given default
Loss given default or LGD is the share of an asset that is lost if a borrower defaults.

It is a common parameter in risk models and also a parameter used in the calculation of economic capital, expected loss or regulatory capital under Basel II for a banking institution. This is an attribute of any exposure on bank's client. Exposure is the amount that one may lose in an investment.

The LGD is closely linked to the expected loss, which is defined as the product of the LGD, the probability of default (PD) and the exposure at default (EAD).
Mureybet
Mureybet (Arabic: مريبط, romanized: muraybaṭ, lit. 'covered') is a tell, or ancient settlement mound, located on the west bank of the Euphrates in Raqqa Governorate, northern Syria. The site was excavated between 1964 and 1974 and has since disappeared under the rising waters of Euphrates Lake. Mureybet was occupied between 10,200 and 8000 BC and is the eponymous type site for the Mureybetian culture, a subdivision of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA). In its early stages, Mureybet was a small village occupied by hunter-gatherers. Hunting was important and crops were first gathered and later cultivated, but they remained wild. During its final stages, domesticated animals were also present at the site.

Pre-Pottery Neolithic A
Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) denotes the first stage of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic, in early Levantine and Anatolian Neolithic culture, dating to c. 12,000 – c. 10,800 years ago, that is, 10,000–8800 BCE. Archaeological remains are located in the Levantine and Upper Mesopotamian region of the Fertile Crescent.

The time period is characterized by tiny circular mud-brick dwellings, the cultivation of crops, the hunting of wild game, and unique burial customs in which bodies were buried below the floors of dwellings.

The Pre-Pottery Neolithic A and the following Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) were originally defined by Kathleen Kenyon in the type site of Jericho, State of Palestine. During this time, pottery was not yet in use. They precede the ceramic Neolithic Yarmukian culture. PPNA succeeds the Natufian culture of the Epipalaeolithic Near East.
California State Route 162
State Route 162 (SR 162) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that runs roughly west–east through the Coast Ranges and the Sacramento Valley to the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada. It begins at U.S. Route 101 near Longvale, in Mendocino County, and ends at Brush Creek, in Butte County. For most of its length, it is a two lane, undivided highway. SR 162 is not signed as a contiguous route through Mendocino National Forest in Mendocino and Glenn counties. Instead, the portion inside the national forest is federally maintained by the U.S. Forest Service as Forest Highway 7 (FH 7), and is not included in the state route logs.

Glenn County, California
Glenn County is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,917. The county seat is Willows. It is located in the Sacramento Valley, in the northern part of the California Central Valley. The reservation of the Grindstone Indian Rancheria of Wintun-Wailaki Indians is located in Glenn County.
Dale Cooper
FBI Special Agent Dale Bartholomew Cooper is a fictional character who is the protagonist of the ABC and Showtime television series Twin Peaks, and plays a supporting role in the prequel film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me. He is portrayed in all his appearances by American actor Kyle MacLachlan.

An idiosyncratic agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Cooper arrives in Twin Peaks in 1989 to investigate the brutal murder of popular high school student Laura Palmer, and begins to uncover several bizarre mysteries around the town, including some supernatural ones.

Leland Palmer
Leland Palmer is a fictional character from the television series Twin Peaks (1990–1991; 2017), and one of the main characters in the prequel film, Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me. He was created by Mark Frost and David Lynch, and is portrayed in all his appearances by Ray Wise.

Leland is an attorney, with his primary client being local businessman Ben Horne (Richard Beymer). He is well-known and respected in the town of Twin Peaks. Together with his wife Sarah (Grace Zabriskie) and his daughter Laura (Sheryl Lee), his family seems to be perfect. When Laura is murdered, however, Leland's psychological foundations begin to crumble, and it is gradually revealed that extreme dysfunction, including incest, lies beneath the Palmer family's idyllic surface.
Netball Queensland
Netball Queensland is the governing body for netball in Queensland. It is affiliated to Netball Australia. It is responsible for organizing and managing Queensland Firebirds who compete in Suncorp Super Netball. It is also responsible for organizing and managing the HART Sapphire Series as well as numerous other leagues and competitions for junior and youth teams. Its headquarters are based at the Nissan Arena.

Netball Australia
Netball Australia is the main governing body for netball in Australia. It is affiliated to World Netball.  It is responsible for organising and administering  the Australia national netball team, Suncorp Super Netball, Australian National Netball Championships, and the Australian Netball Championships. It previously organised and administered the ANZ Championship, the Commonwealth Bank Trophy league and the Esso/Mobil Superleague.

Netball Australia was originally founded in 1927 as the All Australia Women's Basket Ball Association. In 1970, after "women's basket ball" became known as netball, the organisation changed its name to the All Australia Netball Association. It adopted its current name in 1993.
Barong tagalog
The barong tagalog, more commonly known simply as barong (and occasionally baro), is an embroidered long-sleeved formal shirt for men and a national dress of the Philippines. Barong tagalog combines elements from both the precolonial native Filipino and colonial Spanish clothing styles. It is traditionally made with sheer textiles (nipis) woven from piña or abacá; although in modern times, cheaper materials like organza silk, ramie or polyester are also used.

It is a common formal or semi-formal attire in Filipino culture, and is worn untucked over an undershirt with belted trousers and dress shoes. Baro't saya is the feminine equivalent of barong tagalog, with the Maria Clara gown being the formal variant of the latter. Barong tagalog was also known as camisa fuera ("outer shirt") in Philippine Spanish.

Piña
Piña (Tagalog pronunciation: [pɪˈnja] pi-NYAH) is a traditional Philippine fiber made from the leaves of the pineapple plant. Pineapples are indigenous to South America but have been widely cultivated in the Philippines since the 17th century, and used for weaving lustrous lace-like luxury textiles known as nipis fabric. The name is derived from Spanish piña, meaning "pineapple".
Mosul offensive (2015)
The Mosul offensive (2015) was an offensive launched by Kurdish Peshmerga forces on 21 January 2015, with the objective of severing key ISIL supply routes to Mosul, Iraq, and to recapture neighboring areas around Mosul. The effort was supported by US-led coalition airstrikes. The Iraqi Army was widely expected to launch the planned operation to retake the actual city of Mosul in the Spring of 2015, but the offensive was postponed to October 2016, after Ramadi fell to ISIL in May 2015.

Nineveh Plains offensive
The Nineveh Plains offensive was a battle in which the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) mounted a multi-front attack against Peshmerga forces in the area north and east of Mosul, in December 2015. The attack—the most significant ISIL military operation in the area in months, was successfully repelled by the Kurdish forces and was followed by a coalition air counter-offensive.
Through Solace
Through Solace is a Welsh Christian hardcore and Christian metal band, and they primarily play hardcore punk, metalcore, post-hardcore, and post-metal. They come from Wales, United Kingdom. The band started making music in 2005, while they disbanded in 2010, and their members were Rohan Bishop, Robert Milligan, Luke Nicholas, Kevin Williams, Kingsley Davis, and Sean Fletcher. Their first two releases, extended plays, Through Solace in 2006, and, The Stand in 2008, were independently released by the band. The band released, a studio album, The World on Standby, in 2009 with Strike First Records.

Facedown Records
Facedown Records is a Christian rock record label based in Fallbrook, California, that is devoted to hardcore punk and metalcore bands (Christian and secular) with a few death metal acts such as Immortal Souls and Indwelling. Founded by No Innocent Victim drummer Jason Dunn in 1997, the label started small with a number of 7" record releases by Overcome, Dodgin Bullets, and Born Blind. As the label grew, it was able to sign artists for full album deals. xDISCIPLEx released material on Facedown, as well as Figure Four and Point of Recognition. The label also signs straight edge groups such as xDEATHSTARx and xLooking Forwardx.

Bands like Seventh Star and Nodes of Ranvier released well-received records through the label, but it was the release of Turn It Around by Comeback Kid (featuring members of Figure Four) that really brought the label more notice. Comeback Kid toured behind that album for the following two years, eventually leaving Facedown to sign with Victory Records.
Cecilia Tan
Cecilia Tan is an American writer, editor, sexuality activist, and founder and manager of Circlet Press, which specializes in science fiction erotica, a once uncommon genre; its publications often feature BDSM themes. She lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts.[1] She also writes about baseball, but is not to be confused with a writer of the same name who specializes in Asian cookbooks.

Circlet Press
Circlet Press is a publishing house in Cambridge, in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It was founded by Cecilia Tan, who is also its manager. It specializes in science fiction erotica, a once uncommon genre, and its publications often feature BDSM themes.
Dutch Harbor
Dutch Harbor is a harbor on Amaknak Island in Unalaska, Alaska. It was the location of the Battle of Dutch Harbor in June, 1942 when the Imperial Japanese Navy attacked it just seven months after the attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. To this day, it remains one of the few sites in the United States to be subjected to an aerial bombardment by a foreign power.

Dutch Harbor is now the home of an important fishing industry.

Battle of Dutch Harbor
The Battle of Dutch Harbor took place on 3-4 June 1942, when the Imperial Japanese Navy launched two aircraft carrier raids on the Dutch Harbor Naval Operating Base and U.S. Army Fort Mears at Dutch Harbor on Amaknak Island, opening the Aleutian Islands campaign of World War II. The bombing marked the first aerial attack by an enemy on the continental United States and was the second time in history that the continental U.S. was bombed by someone working for a foreign power, the first being the accidental bombing of Naco, Arizona, in 1929.
Annabelle Ewing
Annabelle Janet Ewing (born 20 August 1960) is a Scottish politician and lawyer who has served as a Deputy Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament since May 2021.  A member of the Scottish National Party (SNP), she has been the Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Cowdenbeath constituency since 2016, having previously been an MSP for the Mid Scotland and Fife region from 2011 to 2016. Ewing also served in the UK House of Commons as the Member of Parliament for Perth, from 2001 to 2005.

She held two junior ministerial roles and was Minister for Youth and Women's Employment from 2014 to 2016 and then Minister for Community Safety and Legal Affairs from 2016 to 2018. On the backbenches, she has sometimes been critical of the government, especially since the 2021 election, over issues like reforms to the gender recognition process. Her brother, Fergus Ewing, is also an MSP and their mother, Winnie Ewing, previously served as an MSP, MP and MEP.

Cowdenbeath (Scottish Parliament constituency)
Cowdenbeath is a county constituency of the Scottish Parliament covering part of the council area of Fife. It elects one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the first past the post method of election. Under the additional-member electoral system used for elections to the Scottish Parliament, it is also one of nine constituencies in the Mid Scotland and Fife electoral region, which elects seven additional members, in addition to the nine constituency MSPs, to produce a form of proportional representation for the region as a whole. The town of Cowdenbeath was formerly part of the Dunfermline East constituency which was abolished by the first periodic review of Scottish Parliament boundaries 2011.

The current Member is Annabelle Ewing of the Scottish National Party, elected in 2016, following her defeat of Alex Rowley.
National Highway 6 (India, old numbering)
National Highway 6 & Economic Corridor 1 (EC1) (commonly referred to as NH6), was a National Highway in India that has been separately designated under the new national highway numbering system. It was officially listed as running over 2,002 km (1,244 mi) from Surat to Kolkata. The route was also known as Asian Highway 46 (AH46) & Mumbai - Kolkata Highway  and Great Eastern Highway.

NH6 ran through Gujarat, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand and West Bengal state in India.  The highway passed through the cities of Surat, Dhule, Jalgaon, Bhusaval, Khamgaon, Akola, Amravati, Nagpur, Bhandara, Gondia, Amgaon, Dongargarh, Rajnandgaon, Durg, Raipur, Mahasamund, Bargarh, Sambalpur, Kharagpur, Kolkata.

Malkapur, Buldhana district
For other places with the same name, see Malkapur (disambiguation)

Malkapur is a city and municipality in the Buldhana district of Maharashtra, India. It is Known for its historical and economic significance.
Police, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Police (Polish: [pɔˈlʲit͡sɛ]; German: Pölitz) is a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northwestern Poland. It is the capital of Police County and one of the biggest towns of the Szczecin metropolitan area.

The town is situated on the Oder River and its estuary, south of the Szczecin Lagoon and the Bay of Pomerania. The centre of Police is situated about 15 kilometres (9 miles) north of the centre of Szczecin.

Szczecin Lagoon
Szczecin Lagoon (Polish: Zalew Szczeciński, German: Stettiner Haff), also known as Oder Lagoon (German: Oderhaff), and Pomeranian Lagoon (German: Pommersches Haff), is a lagoon in the Oder estuary, shared by Germany and Poland. It is separated from the Pomeranian Bay of the Baltic Sea by the islands of Usedom and Wolin. The lagoon is subdivided into the Kleines Haff (Polish: Mały Zalew, "small lagoon") in the West and the Wielki Zalew (German: Großes Haff, "great lagoon") in the East. An ambiguous historical German name was Frisches Haff, which later exclusively referred to the Vistula Lagoon.
Cops (film)
Cops is a 1922 American two-reel silent comedy film about a young man (Buster Keaton) who accidentally runs afoul of the entire Los Angeles Police Department during a parade and is chased all over town. It was written and directed by Edward F. Cline and Keaton. This very Kafka-esque film was filmed during the rape-and-murder trial of his former collaborator Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle, a circumstance that may have influenced the short's tone of hopeless ensnarement.

It was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in their National Film Registry in 1997.

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
Banff and Buchan
Banff and Buchan is a committee area of the Aberdeenshire Council, Scotland, covering an area along the northern coast of the council area. The main towns are Banff and Fraserburgh. Fishing and agriculture are important industries, together with associated processing and service activity.

Banff and Buchan was also the name of a district of Grampian Region between 1975 and 1996. The district covered a much larger area than the modern committee area. Its council was based in Banff.

Banff, Aberdeenshire
Banff (Scottish Gaelic: Banbh) is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Deveron. It is a former royal burgh, and is the county town of the historic county of Banffshire.