hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biscoe Islands
Biscoe Islands is a series of islands, of which the principal ones are Renaud, Lavoisier (named Serrano by Chile and Mitre by Argentina), Watkins, Krogh, Pickwick and Rabot, lying parallel to the west coast of Graham Land and extending 150 km (81 nmi) between Southwind Passage on the northeast and Matha Strait on the southwest. Another group of islands are the Adolph Islands.

The islands are named for John Biscoe, the commander of an English expedition which explored the islands in March 1832.

Watkins Island
Watkins Island is a low lying, ice-covered island 5 miles (8 km) long, lying 3 miles (5 km) southwest of Lavoisier Island in the Biscoe Islands. The island was first mapped by the French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, 1903–05 and 1908–10, but remained unnamed until resighted by the BGLE under Rymill, 1934–1937. He gave the name Mikkelsen Island after Ejnar Mikkelsen, Danish Arctic explorer. In applying the name, Rymill was unaware of the existence of Mikkelsen Islands 75 mi (121 km) southwestward, named in 1908–1910 by Charcot. To avoid confusion of the two, the UK-APC recommended in 1952 that the Rymill naming be amended. The new name, Watkins Island, commemorates Gino Watkins, leader of the British Arctic Air Route Expedition, 1930–1931. A new feature, Mikkelsen Bay, has been named for Ejnar Mikkelsen.
Zhou Wennan
Zhou Wennan (Chinese: 周文楠; 1910 – 5 September 1992), also known as Zhou Runfang (周润芳), was a Chinese communist revolutionary and judge who served as the president of the civil tribunal of the higher people's court in Heilongjiang Province. She was the first wife of Mao Zetan, the younger brother of Mao Zedong.

Mao Zetan
Mao Zetan (Chinese: 毛澤覃, also named Mao Zelin (毛澤淋), courtesy name first Yongju (咏菊), then Runju (润菊); 25 September 1905 – 25 April 1935) was a younger brother of Mao Zedong. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1923. In 1927, he participated in the Nanchang Uprising, retreating with the Communists to the Jinggang Mountains at its completion.

In 1935, at the age of 29, he was killed while fighting Kuomintang forces in Jiangxi, covering the withdrawal of the main Communist army during the Long March.
Penelope Pitstop
Penelope Pitstop is a fictional character who appeared in the 1968 Hanna-Barbera animated series Wacky Races and the spin-off The Perils of Penelope Pitstop, and was voiced by Janet Waldo. She also appeared in the 2017 series of Wacky Races.

Wacky Races (2017 TV series)
Wacky Races is an American crossover animated comedy television series developed by Rebecca Himot and Tramm Wigzell. It is a reboot/revival series, but serves as a sequel to the 1968–69 Hanna-Barbera animated series of the same name. The show debuted in 2017 on Boomerang's video on demand service in the United States. The second season of the show premiered on November 29, 2018.
Pandora Hearts
Pandora Hearts (stylized as PandoraHearts) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Jun Mochizuki. It was serialized in Square Enix's shōnen manga magazine Monthly GFantasy from May 2006 to March 2015, with its chapters collected in 24 tankōbon volumes. In North America, it was originally licensed for an English release by Broccoli Books but was later dropped. It was relicensed by Yen Press. The story follows Oz Vessalius, the 15-year old heir to the house of Vessalius. His coming-of-age ceremony is set upon by strangers who condemn him for the sin of being alive and banish him into the depths of Abyss, an otherworldly dimension.

A 25-episode anime television series adaptation by Xebec was broadcast from April to September 2009. A nine-episode extra original video animation (OVA) was released from July 2009 to March 2010. In North America, the anime series was licensed by NIS America.

Xebec (studio)
Xebec, Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社ジーベック, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Jībekku; stylized in all caps) was a Japanese animation studio based in Kokubunji, Tokyo, founded by former Tatsunoko Production animators on May 1, 1995. They worked on the anime series, such as Nadesico, Love Hina, D.N.Angel, Keijo, Shaman King, Fafner, To Love Ru, and Space Battleship Yamato remakes (2199 and 2202).

The company logotype includes the International Phonetic Alphabet transcription [zíːbek], which represents not the Japanese pronunciation using syllabification for Hepburn romanization but rather a presumed "English" pronunciation.
Zainal Abidin of Ternate
Zainal Abidin (Jawi: زين العابدين‎); born Tidore Wonge (تدوري وڠي‎) or Gapi Buta (ݢاڤي بوت‎)) was the 18th or 19th ruler of the Ternate Sultanate of Maluku, located in modern-day Indonesia. His life is only described in sources dating from the 16th century or later. According to these sources he was the first ruler of Ternate to use the title Sultan rather than Kolano, or king, and enacted a number of changes in the government, based on Islamic Law, technically transforming Ternate into an Islamic kingdom.

Bayan Sirrullah
Bayan Sirrullah (Jawi: بيان سرالله‎; died 1521) was the second Sultan of Ternate in Maluku. He is also known as Abu Lais (ابو ليث‎; in Portuguese sources, Boleife) or Kaicili Leliatu (کچيل للياتو‎). He ruled from perhaps 1500 to 1521 and is important as the first east Indonesian ruler who made contact with the encroaching Portuguese.
Vasa praevia
Vasa praevia or vasa previa is a complication of obstetrics in which fetal blood vessels cross or run near the internal opening of the uterus. Since these vessels are not protected by the umbilical cord or placental tissue, the rupture of the fetal membranes during birth causes them also to rupture, leading rapidly to death of the fetus. The term is derived from the Latin; vasa means "vessels" and praevia comes from pre meaning "before" and via meaning "way". In other words, vessels lie before the fetus in the birth canal and in the way.

Risk factors include low-lying placenta and in vitro fertilization. Vasa praevia occurs in about 0.6 per 1,000 pregnancies.

Umbilical cord
In placental mammals, the umbilical cord (also called the navel string, birth cord or funiculus umbilicalis) is a conduit between the developing embryo or fetus and the placenta. During prenatal development, the umbilical cord is physiologically and genetically part of the fetus and (in humans) normally contains two arteries (the umbilical arteries) and one vein (the umbilical vein), buried within Wharton's jelly. The umbilical vein supplies the fetus with oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta.  Conversely, the fetal heart pumps low-oxygen, nutrient-depleted blood through the umbilical arteries back to the placenta.
Laura Bell McDaniel
Laura Bell McDaniel (November 27, 1861 – January 1918) was an American madam and brothel owner in Colorado City, now called Old Colorado City, and Cripple Creek during the late 19th century and early 20th century. She was also known the "Courtesan of Colorado City" and "Queen of the Colorado City Tenderloin". She had entered the profession after being left with an infant daughter. McDaniel maintained a close relationship with her mother and family over her career and she sent her daughter to boarding school. Her clients were among the wealthy citizens of the Colorado Springs area and she was said to have the "most spectacular [house] in town", managed by a number of servants. Although she was encouraged to leave town by citizens and law enforcement, she continued to operate her business until her death.

Old Colorado City
Old Colorado City, formerly Colorado City, is a former town and a neighborhood within the city of Colorado Springs, Colorado. Its commercial district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. It was founded during the Pikes Peak Gold Rush of 1859 and was involved in the mining industry, both as a supply hub and as a gold ore processing center beginning in the 1890s. Residents of Colorado City worked at some of the 50 coal mines of the Colorado Springs area. It was briefly the capital of the Colorado Territory. For many years, Colorado Springs prohibited the use of alcohol within its border due to the lifestyle of Colorado City's opium dens, bordellos, and saloons. It is now a tourist area, with boutiques, art galleries, and restaurants.
Burrington, Somerset
Burrington is a small village and civil parish in Somerset, England. It is situated in the unitary authority of North Somerset, just off the A368 between Blagdon and Churchill. 5 miles (8.0 km) north east of Axbridge and about 10 miles (16 km) east of Weston-super-Mare. The parish includes the hamlets of Bourne and Rickford and has a population of 464.

North Somerset
North Somerset is a unitary authority in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England. The council is based in Weston-super-Mare, the area's largest town. The district also contains the towns of Clevedon, Nailsea and Portishead, along with a number of villages and surrounding rural areas. Some southern parts of the district fall within the Mendip Hills, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The district was formed in 1974 as the Woodspring district of the county of Avon. Avon was abolished in 1996, when the district was renamed North Somerset and its council took on county-level functions from the abolished county council.

The district is on the coast, facing the Bristol Channel to the west. The neighbouring districts are Bristol, Bath and North East Somerset and Somerset.
Life zone
The life zone concept was developed by C. Hart Merriam in 1889 as a means of describing areas with similar plant and animal communities. Merriam observed that the changes in these communities with an increase in latitude at a constant elevation are similar to the changes seen with an increase in elevation at a constant latitude.

Clinton Hart Merriam
Clinton Hart Merriam (December 5, 1855 – March 19, 1942) was an American zoologist, mammalogist, ornithologist, entomologist, ecologist, ethnographer, geographer, naturalist and physician. He was commonly known as the "father of mammalogy," a branch of zoology referring to the study of mammals.
Tikopia
Tikopia is a volcanic island in Temotu Province, in the independent nation of Solomon Islands, southwestern Pacific Ocean. Although most of Solomon Islands is Melanesian, Tikopia is culturally Polynesian. Its remoteness has enabled much of its culture to persist. One overview calls it "arguably the most thoroughly documented small-scale society in the ethnographic record".

Tikopia played a significant role in solving the mystery of the Lapérouse expedition, which had disappeared in 1788. The Calcutta Government Gazette wrote in 1828, "It  is  a  curious  fact  that  the  discovery  of  the  wreck  of  LaPerouse's  ships  arose  out  of  a  massacre  at  the  Fejee  Islands,  in  1813". Survivors from this massacre were put ashore at the nearest landfall, which turned out to be Tikopia, and thus began a chain of events which resulted in this tiny island becoming a recognised name around the world.

Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse
Chef d'escadre Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French: [lapeʁuz]; 23 August 1741 – c. 1788) was a French Navy officer and explorer. Having enlisted in the Navy at the age of 15, he had a successful career and in 1785 was appointed to lead a scientific expedition around the world. His ships stopped in Chile, Hawaii, Alaska, California, Macau, the Philippines, Korea, Russia, Japan, Samoa, Tonga, and Australia before wrecking on the reefs of Vanikoro in the Solomon Islands.
David Horowitz Freedom Center
The David Horowitz Freedom Center, formerly the Center for the Study of Popular Culture (CSPC), is a conservative  anti-Islam foundation founded in 1988 by political activist David Horowitz and his long-time collaborator Peter Collier. It was established with funding from groups including the John M. Olin Foundation, the Bradley Foundation and the Scaife Foundation.

It runs several websites and blogs, including the anti-Islam website FrontPage Magazine and the anti-Muslim blog Jihad Watch. It has been described as a part of the counter-jihad movement. It is designated as a hate group by the Southern Poverty Law Center.

Peter Collier (writer)
Peter Anthony Dale Collier (/ˈkɒliər/; June 2, 1939 – November 1, 2019) was an American writer and publisher. He was the founding publisher of conservative Encounter Books in California and held that position from 1998 until he resigned in 2005. The company moved from San Francisco to New York City, and Collier was replaced as publisher by Roger Kimball.

With David Horowitz, Collier wrote many books that made The New York Times Best Seller list and was described by the New York Times Book Review as "the premier biographer of American dynastic tragedy." His book Medal of Honor: Profiles of Valor Beyond the Call of Duty (2003) profiled living recipients of the Medal.
Gyanmati
Gyanmati Mataji (Jñānamati) is an Indian Jain religious guru Aryika (pure soul)from India. She is known for being a prolific author and the construction of several Jain temples including the Jambudweep temple complex at Hastinapur, Uttar Pradesh, Ayodya Jain Tirth and the Statue of Ahimsa at Mangi Tungi in Maharashtra.

Mangi-Tungi
Mangi-Tungi is a prominent twin-pinnacled peak and Digambar Jain Pilgrimage Site, located near Tahrabad about 125 km from Nashik, Maharashtra, India. Mangi, 4,343 ft (1,324 m) high above sea level, is the western pinnacle and Tungi, 4,366 ft (1,331 m) high, the eastern. Mangi-Tungi is 30 km (19 mi) from the city of Satana.
Lonafarnib
Lonafarnib, sold under the brand name Zokinvy, is a medication used to reduce the risk of death due to Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome and for the treatment of certain processing-deficient progeroid laminopathies in people one year of age and older. It is under trial for its use as combination treatment for Hepatitis D Virus.

The most common side effects included nausea, vomiting, headache, diarrhea, infection, decreased appetite and fatigue.

Lonafarnib was approved for medical use in the United States in November 2020, and in the European Union in July 2022. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

Progeria
Progeria  (also Hutchinson–Gilford syndrome or Hutchinson–Gilford progeroid syndrome; HGPS) is a type of progeroid syndrome. A single gene mutation is responsible for causing progeria. The affected gene, known as lamin A (LMNA), makes a protein necessary for holding the cell nucleus together. When this gene mutates, an abnormal form of lamin A protein called progerin is produced. Progeroid syndromes are a group of diseases that cause individuals to age faster than usual. People born with progeria typically live until their mid- to late-teens or early twenties. Severe cardiovascular complications usually develop by puberty, later on resulting in death.
Elgin, South Africa
Elgin is a large, lush area of land, circled by mountains, in the Overberg region of South Africa. This broad upland valley lies about 70 km southeast of Cape Town, just beyond the Hottentots Holland Mountains.

The Elgin region is centered on the town of Grabouw.

The Elgin Valley is one of the more intensively farmed districts of South Africa and produces 60% of the national apple crop. Consequently it is now known in South Africa as the place “where the apples come from”. 
However a recent shift in economic focus has led to Elgin also becoming one of South Africa's most notable and successful wine regions, with the coolest climate of any region in the country. Elgin wines and tourism have consequently become significant parts of the valley's economy.

Hottentots Holland Mountains
The Hottentots Holland Mountains are part of the Cape Fold Belt in the Western Cape, South Africa. The mountain range forms a barrier between the Cape Town metropolitan area and the southern Overberg coast.

The range lies east of central Cape Town between the towns of Somerset West and Gordon's Bay to the west, and the Elgin valley to the east. Sir Lowry's Pass is the only crossing, in the form of the N2 motorway. The Steenbras Dam, one of Cape Town's main supply dams, is located in the Elgin valley south of the town of Grabouw due to the abundant rainfall normally experienced in the uplands of the catchment area.
Latgale Planning Region
Latgale Planning Region (Latvian: Latgales plānošanas reģions) also known as Latgale Region (Latvian: Latgales reģions), is one of the five planning regions of Latvia, it is situated in the eastern part of Latvia. The state institution was founded on 2 October 2006, based on the creation of the region territory as prescribed by Regulations No. 133 of the Cabinet of Ministers as of 25 March 2003, the "Regulations on Territories of Planning Regions". As of 2020, the region's population was 281,116.

Planning regions of Latvia
Latvia is divided into five planning regions (Latvian: Latvijas plānošanas reģioni): Kurzeme, Latgale, Riga, Vidzeme, and Zemgale. They are equivalent to the five statistical regions in Latvia (Latvian: Latvijas statistiskie reģioni). The boundaries of these regions correspond to the borders of Latvia's municipalities. However, the planning regions are not considered administrative territorial divisions, as they are not mentioned in the law governing Latvia's administrative territorial structure.

Following the 2021 reform, certain areas of the Riga Region were incorporated into the Kurzeme and Vidzeme regions.
Tales from the Darkside: The Movie
Tales from the Darkside: The Movie is a 1990 American comedy horror anthology film directed by John Harrison and written by Michael McDowell and George A. Romero, serving as a spin-off of the anthology television series Tales from the Darkside (1984–1988) created by Romero. The film is structured around a frame story of a kidnapped paperboy who relates three tales of horror to a suburban witch who is preparing to eat him. Its cast includes Deborah Harry, Christian Slater, David Johansen, William Hickey, James Remar, Rae Dawn Chong, Matthew Lawrence, Robert Sedgwick, Steve Buscemi, Julianne Moore, and Robert Klein.

Tales from the Darkside: The Movie was released theatrically by Paramount Pictures on May 4, 1990. It was a moderate commercial success and received mixed reviews from critics.

Tales from the Darkside
Tales from the Darkside is an American horror anthology television series created by George A. Romero. A pilot episode was first broadcast on October 29, 1983. The series was picked up for syndication, and the first season premiered on September 30, 1984. The show would run for a total of four seasons, until its cancelation on July 24, 1988.

The series spans various genres of speculative fiction, including science fiction and fantasy in addition to horror, and many episodes have darkly comic elements.
Maria Caterina d'Este
Maria Angela Caterina d'Este (1 March 1656 – 16 July 1722) was an Italian-born Princess of Modena who was later the Princess of Carignano by marriage. She was the wife of Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy, Prince of Carignano. In France she was known as Angélique Catherine d'Este and in Modena and Savoy she was known as Maria Caterina d'Este.

House of Savoy-Carignano
The House of Savoy-Carignano (Italian: Savoia-Carignano; French: Savoie-Carignan) originated as a cadet branch of the House of Savoy. It was founded by Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano (1596–1656), an Italian military commander who was the fifth son of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy. His descendants were accepted as princes étrangers at the court of France, where some held prominent positions. Upon the extinction of the main Savoy line, they eventually came to reign as kings of Sardinia from 1831 to 1861, and as kings of Italy from 1861 until the dynasty's deposition in 1946. The Savoy-Carignano family also briefly supplied a king each to Spain and Croatia, as well as queens consort to Bulgaria and Portugal.
Bermuda Hundred, Virginia
Bermuda Hundred was the first administrative division in the English colony of Virginia. It was founded by Sir Thomas Dale in 1613, six years after Jamestown. At the southwestern edge of the confluence of the Appomattox and James Rivers opposite City Point, annexed to Hopewell in 1923, Bermuda Hundred was a port town for many years. The terminology "Bermuda Hundred" also included a large area adjacent to the town. In the colonial era, "hundreds" were large developments of many acres, arising from the English term to define an area which would support 100 homesteads. The port at the town of Bermuda Hundred was intended to serve other "hundreds" in addition to Bermuda Hundred.

The area of the peninsula between the James and Appomattox Rivers on which Bermuda Hundred is located was part of the Bermuda Hundred Campaign of May 1864 during the American Civil War.

No longer a shipping port, Bermuda Hundred is now a small community in the southeastern portion of Chesterfield County.

Chesterfield County, Virginia
Chesterfield County is a county located just south of Richmond in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The county's borders are primarily defined by the James River to the north and the Appomattox River to the south. Its county seat is Chesterfield Court House.

Chesterfield County was formed in 1749 from parts of Henrico County. It was named for Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, a prominent English statesman who had been the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 364,548, making it the fourth-most populous county in Virginia (behind Fairfax, Prince William, and Loudoun, respectively). Chesterfield County is part of the Greater Richmond Region, and the county refers to much of the northern portion as "North Chesterfield".
Mori Masaki
Mori Masaki (真崎 守, Masaki Mori, born March 10, 1941 in Yokohama) is a Japanese manga artist, screenwriter and director.

Masaki's career as an animator began in 1963 at Mushi Production, where he was involved in Kimba the White Lion. After a few more works, he left the studio in 1968 and dedicated himself to his work as a mangaka. In 1979, he returned to the film and worked at Studio Madhouse as a director and screenwriter. He directed Natsu e no Tobira and Haguregumo, later wrote the screenplay for the film adaptation of the manga Barefoot Gen and the sci-fi adventure Toki no Tabibito: Time Stranger. In 1986, Masaki retired from anime, although he continued his manga career into the 90s.

Toki no Tabibito: Time Stranger
Toki no Tabibito: Time Stranger (時空の旅人 -Time Stranger-) is a 1986 Japanese animated science fiction film based on the novel by Taku Mayumura. Produced by Madhouse Studios and directed and co-written by Mori Masaki, the film was released in Japan on December 20, 1986, on Kadokawa Shoten and Toho. The character designs were by Moto Hagio.

The film was adapted into a Family Computer game by Kemco and was released on December 26, 1986.
Tartu–Moscow Semiotic School
The Tartu–Moscow Semiotic School is a scientific school of thought in the field of semiotics that was formed in 1964 and led by Juri Lotman. Among the other members of this school were Boris Uspenskij, Vyacheslav Ivanov, Vladimir Toporov, Mikhail Gasparov, Alexander Piatigorsky, Isaak I. Revzin, and others. As a result of their collective work, they established a theoretical framework around the semiotics of culture.

Alexander Piatigorsky
Alexander Moiseyevich Piatigorsky (/pjɑːtɪˈɡɔːrski/; Russian: Александр Моисеевич Пятигорский; 30 January 1929 – 25 October 2009) was a Soviet dissident, Russian philosopher, scholar of Indian philosophy and culture, historian, philologist, semiotician, writer. Well-versed in the study of language, he knew Sanskrit, Tamil, Pali, Tibetan, German, Russian, French, Italian and English. In an obituary appearing in the English-language newspaper The Guardian, he was cited as "a man who was widely considered to be one of the more significant thinkers of the age and Russia's greatest philosopher." On Russian television stations he was mourned as "the greatest Russian philosopher."