hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sohail Nadeem
Sohail Nadeem is a Pakistani Professor of Applied Mathematics and Chairman of Mathematics Department at Quaid-i-Azam University. He is Fellow of the world Academy of sciences and an elected Fellow of Pakistan Academy of Sciences. He is a recipient of the 2022 Obada Prize Award.

Obada Prize
Obada Prize is an international award supported by  the Natural Sciences Publishing and African Academy of Sciences (North African Branch). It was established to recognise the excellence of Egyptian Mathematics Emeritus Professor, Obada Abdel Shafy. The award aims to identify creative interdisciplinary research that cuts across traditional boundaries. It also aims at encouraging values and excellence that can promote the humanistic scientific and technological breakthrough that can improve our world.
Ein Feshkha
Ein Feshkha (Arabic: عين فشخة, also Ain Al-Fashka) or Einot Tzukim (Hebrew: עינות צוקים, lit. 'cliff springs') is a 2,500-hectare (6,200-acre) nature reserve and archaeological site on the north-western shore of the Dead Sea, about 3 km (1.9 mi) south of Qumran in the West Bank. It is located just north of the headland Râs Feshkhah, the "headland of Feshkhah". Within the reserve is a group of springs of brackish water. The nature reserve consists of an open section with pools of mineral water for bathing surrounded by high foliage and a section that is closed to visitors to protect the native flora and fauna.

The archaeological site of Khirbet Mazin is located on the shoreline in the southern part of 'Ein Feshkha nature reserve.

Khirbet Mazin
Khirbet Mazin (Hebrew: חורבת מזין), Hebrew name: Metzad Kidron (Hebrew: מצד קדרון) is an archaeological site on the northwestern shore of the Dead Sea. It  is situated on the inlet of Wadi Mazin north of Kidron stream by the northwest shore of the Dead Sea.

Mazin is located in the southern part of Ein Feshkha nature reserve.
Portsmouth City Council
Portsmouth City Council is the local authority of the city of Portsmouth, in the ceremonial county of Hampshire, England. Portsmouth has had a council since medieval times, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1997 the council has been a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council; it is independent from Hampshire County Council.

The council has been under no overall control since 2014, being run by a minority Liberal Democrat administration since 2018. The council meets at the Guildhall and has its main offices in the adjoining Civic Offices.

Portsmouth Guildhall
Portsmouth Guildhall is a multi-use building in the centre of Portsmouth, Hampshire, England. It is located in a pedestrian square close to Portsmouth and Southsea railway station. Constructed in 1890, the building was known as Portsmouth Town Hall until 1926. It was heavily damaged by bombing during the Second World War and largely rebuilt during the 1950s by the English architect Ernest Berry Webber. It now operates as a concert, wedding and conference venue. It is a Grade II listed building.
Jan-Vincent Velazco
Jan-Vincent Velazco is a Filipino-born British drummer, session rock musician and composer.
He is a current member of Pendragon after the recommendation of Craig Blundell, drummer for Steven Wilson and Frost*. He also plays with Raymond Watts of PIG, Esprit D'Air, Diamond Black
and previously with Control.
In 2017, it was reported that Velazco joined the Swedish metal band, Ghost, as one of the Nameless Ghouls (Earth). It is not known when he exited the band.

Pendragon (band)
Pendragon are an English neo-prog band established in 1978 in Stroud, Gloucestershire as Zeus Pendragon by guitarist and vocalist Nick Barrett. The word Zeus was dropped before the band started recording, as the members decided it was too long to look good on a T-shirt. There were a few personnel changes in the early days, but since 1986 the lineup has remained relatively stable (with only the drummer changing several times since then) and the band are still active as of 2025.
A Stairway to the Stars
A Stairway to the Stars (stylized as "A stairway to the stars" and commonly shortened to ASTTS) is the second studio album by the Caretaker, an alias of musician Leyland Kirby. Released in 2001, it was created after one of Kirby's pop manipulations as V/Vm gained attention. Following Selected Memories from the Haunted Ballroom, A Stairway to the Stars features new genres such as darkwave and elements such as reversed vocals. The record was met with positivity from music critics, who praised its ambiance. It is regarded as Kirby's best album in his haunted ballroom trilogy, which spans his first three releases.

Selected Memories from the Haunted Ballroom
Selected Memories from the Haunted Ballroom is the debut studio album by the Caretaker, an alias of musician Leyland Kirby. Released in 1999, it consists of an influence from the horror film The Shining, manipulating songs from the 1920s to resemble the film's music. It differed from Kirby's earlier works in that it did not manipulate pop songs to create noise albums, as he did under the V/Vm alias. It rather slowed down big band records to create a hauntological atmosphere. However, the packaging was the same as other V/Vm releases. The album was met with positivity from music critics, who praised its hauntological themes.
The Agronomist
The Agronomist is a 2003 American documentary written and directed by Jonathan Demme about Jean Dominique. The documentary follows the life of Dominique, who ran Haiti's first independent radio station, Radio Haiti-Inter, during multiple repressive regimes.

Radio Haiti-Inter
Radio Haiti-Inter was the first independent radio station in Haiti. The station was notable for its use of the Haitian Creole language, spoken by most Haitians, while most other media broadcast in French, and also for its broadcasting of international and local news.
Aveek Sarkar v. State of West Bengal
Aveek Sarkar v. State of West Bengal (2014) 4 SCC 257 is a landmark judgment of the Supreme Court of India that redefined the legal standard for determining obscenity under Indian law. Delivered on February 3, 2014, by a bench comprising Justice K.S. Radhakrishnan and Justice A.K. Sikri, the decision rejected the outdated Hicklin test in favor of the more progressive "community standards test," aligning Indian jurisprudence with contemporary societal values.

Hicklin test
The Hicklin test is a legal test for obscenity established by the English case R. v Hicklin (1868). At issue was the statutory interpretation of the word "obscene" in the Obscene Publications Act 1857, which authorized the destruction of obscene books. The court held that all material tending "to deprave and corrupt those whose minds are open to such immoral influences" was obscene, regardless of its artistic or literary merit.
Pollok F.C.
Pollok Football Club is a Scottish football club based in Newlands in the southside of the city of Glasgow. Founded in 1908, the club spent over a century in the junior ranks but now competes in the West of Scotland Football League in tier six of the Scottish football pyramid.  It is one of the biggest football clubs operating in Scottish non-league football, regularly attracting crowds of around 700, and drawing over 1000 for big matches. Pollok play at Newlandsfield Park  and wear black and white stripes. Their traditional rivals are Arthurlie of Barrhead.

West of Scotland Football League
The West of Scotland Football League (WoSFL) is a senior football league based in the west of Scotland. The league sits at levels 6–10 on the Scottish football league system, acting as a feeder to the Lowland Football League.

Founded in 2020, it is currently composed of 80 member clubs competing in five divisions. Geographically, the league covers Argyll & Bute, Ayrshire, East Dunbartonshire, West Dunbartonshire, Glasgow, Inverclyde, Lanarkshire, East Renfrewshire and Renfrewshire. Two clubs are also based in Dumfries and Galloway.

Since its formation, it has featured in the senior pyramid system. The winners take part in an end of season promotion play-off with the East of Scotland Football League and South of Scotland Football League champions, subject to clubs meeting the required licensing criteria.
Ötzi
Ötzi, also called The Iceman, Similaun man, or Tyrolean Iceman, is the natural mummy of a man who lived between 3350 and 3105 BC. Ötzi's remains were discovered on 19 September 1991, in the Ötztal Alps (hence the nickname "Ötzi", German: [œtsi]) at the Austria–Italy border. He is Europe's oldest known natural human mummy, offering an unprecedented view of Chalcolithic (Copper Age) Europeans.

Because of the presence of an arrowhead embedded in his left shoulder and various other wounds, researchers believe that Ötzi was killed by another person. The nature of his life and the circumstances of his death are the subject of much investigation and speculation. His remains and personal belongings are on exhibit at the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology in Bolzano, South Tyrol, Italy.

South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology
South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology (German: Südtiroler Archäologiemuseum; Italian: Museo archeologico dell'Alto Adige) is an archaeological museum in the city of Bolzano, South Tyrol, Italy. It is the home of the preserved body of Ötzi the Iceman.
Advanced Technician in Aviation non civil servant
In France, the training of the Technicien supérieur de l'aviation (civilian) (TSA civilian, in English Advanced Technician in Aviation non civil servant) is performed by the École nationale de l'aviation civile (French civil aviation university).

Technicien supérieur des études et de l'exploitation de l'aviation civile
In France, the corps of Technicien supérieur des études et de l'exploitation de l'aviation civile (TSEEAC, in English Civil aviation opérations Technicians) of the Directorate General for Civil Aviation (DGAC) is a B-class job within the Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development, Transport and Housing.
Isaah Yeo
Isaah Patrick Ferguson-Yeo (born 6 November 1994) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who co-captains and plays as a lock forward for the Penrith Panthers in the NRL and captains New South Wales in State of Origin and Australia at international level.

Yeo was vice-captain of the Australia team that won the 2022 Rugby League World Cup and he has represented New South Wales Country. Yeo is a four time Premiership-winning Co-Captain of the 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024 NRL Grand Finals with the Panthers. Yeo played as a second-row forward and centre earlier in his career before a full-time move to lock in 2020.

2022 NRL Grand Final
The 2022 NRL Grand Final was the conclusive and premiership-deciding game of the 2022 National Rugby League season in Australia. It was contested between the Penrith Panthers and the Parramatta Eels on Sunday the 2nd of October at Accor Stadium in Sydney. Penrith, who were both the defending premiers and minor premiers, won the match 28–12 to claim their fourth premiership title, and their first back-to-back premierships in the club's 56-year history. Panthers fullback Dylan Edwards was awarded the Clive Churchill Medal for being judged as the man of the match.

The match was preceded by the 2022 NRL State Championship and the 2022 NRL Women's Grand Final. The grand final was attended by 82,415 spectators, and was broadcast live throughout Australia by the Nine Network.
Little People! (book)
Little People! is a themed anthology of fantasy short works edited by American writers Jack Dann and Gardner Dozois. It was first published in paperback by Ace Books in March 1991. It was reissued as an ebook by Baen Books in July 2013.

The book collects eleven novellas, novelettes and short stories by various speculative fiction authors, together with a bibliography of further reading by the editors.

Jack Dann
Jack Dann (born February 15, 1945) is an American writer best known for his science fiction, as well as an editor and a writing teacher, who has lived in Australia since 1994. He has published over seventy books, the majority being as editor or co-editor of story anthologies in the science fiction, fantasy and horror genres. He has published nine novels, numerous shorter works of fiction, essays, and poetry, and his books have been translated into thirteen languages. His work, which includes fiction in the science fiction, fantasy, horror, magical realism, and historical and alternative history genres, has been compared to Jorge Luis Borges, Roald Dahl, Lewis Carroll, J. G. Ballard, and Philip K. Dick.
Segunda División B
Segunda División B (English: second division B) was the third tier of the Spanish football league system containing 102 teams divided into five groups, until it was replaced by the new structure in 2021. It was administered by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. It was below the top two professional leagues, the Primera División (also known as La Liga) and the Segunda División, and above the Tercera División. The Segunda División B included the reserve teams of a number of La Liga and Segunda División teams. As of the 2021-22 season, its successors are the Primera Federación and the Segunda Federación.

The league's last ever season was in 2020-21.
For the 2021–22 season, Segunda División B was replaced by Segunda División RFEF, which became the fourth tier due to the creation of a new, semi-professional third division by the Spanish federation (RFEF) called the Primera División RFEF.

Segunda Federación
Segunda Federación, previously called Segunda RFEF, also officially known as Segunda B, is the fourth tier of the Spanish football league system containing 90 teams divided into five groups. It is administered by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. It is the second tier outside the top two professional leagues, the Primera División (also known as La Liga) and Segunda División (also known as La Liga 2), being behind Primera Federación and above Tercera Federación. The division also includes the reserve teams of a number of La Liga and La Liga 2 teams.
Magmatism along strike-slip faults
Magmatism along strike-slip faults is the process of rock melting, magma ascent and emplacement, associated with the tectonics and geometry of various strike-slip settings, most commonly occurring along transform boundaries at mid-ocean ridge spreading centres and at strike-slip systems parallel to oblique subduction zones. Strike-slip faults have a direct effect on magmatism. They can either induce magmatism, act as a conduit to magmatism and magmatic flow, or block magmatic flow.  In contrast, magmatism can also directly impact on strike-slip faults by determining fault formation, propagation and slip. Both magma and strike-slip faults coexist and affect one another.

Magmatism
Magmatism is the emplacement of magma within and at the surface of the outer layers of a terrestrial planet, which solidifies as igneous rocks. It does so through magmatic activity or igneous activity,  the production, intrusion and extrusion of magma or lava. Volcanism is the surface expression of magmatism.

Magmatism is one of the main processes responsible for mountain formation. The nature of magmatism depends on the tectonic setting. For example, andesitic magmatism is associated with the formation of  island arcs at convergent plate boundaries while basaltic magmatism is found at mid-ocean ridges during sea-floor spreading at divergent plate boundaries.

On Earth, magma forms by partial melting of silicate rocks either in the mantle, continental or oceanic crust. Evidence for magmatic activity is usually found in the form of igneous rocks formed from magma.
Titan Saturn System Mission
Titan Saturn System Mission (TSSM) was a joint NASA–ESA proposal for an exploration of Saturn and its moons Titan and Enceladus, where many complex phenomena were revealed by Cassini. TSSM was proposed to launch in 2020, following which it would have gotten gravity assists from Earth and Venus, and arrived at the Saturn system in 2029. The 4-year prime mission would include a two-year Saturn tour, a 2-month Titan aero-sampling phase, and a 20-month Titan orbit phase.

In 2009, a mission to Jupiter and its moons was given priority over Titan Saturn System Mission, although TSSM will continue to be assessed for possible development and launch.

Titan Mare Explorer
Titan Mare Explorer (TiME) is a proposed design for a lander for Saturn's moon Titan. TiME is a relatively low-cost, outer-planet mission designed to measure the organic constituents on Titan and would have performed the first nautical exploration of an extraterrestrial sea, analyze its nature and, possibly, observe its shoreline. As a Discovery-class mission it was designed to be cost-capped at US$425 million, not counting launch vehicle funding. It was proposed to NASA in 2009 by Proxemy Research as a scout-like pioneering mission, originally as part of NASA's Discovery Program. The TiME mission design reached the finalist stage during that Discovery mission selection, but was not selected, and despite attempts in the U.S. Senate failed to get earmark funding in 2013. A related Titan Submarine has also been proposed.
Chunwon
The Chunwon (Korean: 천원전, Hanja: 天元戰) was a Go competition in Korea. Begun in 1996, it was held nineteen times and was discontinued after 2015.

The winner of the Chunwon went on to play the winner of the Chinese equivalent (the Tianyuan), in the annual China–Korea Tengen competition.

Tianyuan (Go)
The Tianyuan (Chinese: 天元; pinyin: Tiānyuán) is a Go competition in China organized by the Chinese Weiqi Association. The word tiānyuán literally means the center or origin of heaven, and is the center point on a Go board; the name is similar to the Japanese Tengen and Korean Chunwon. The competition was established in 1987 and is held annually.

Formerly, the winner went on to face Japan's Tengen winner in the China–Japan Tengen from 1988 to 2002, and Korea's Chunwon winner in the China–Korea Tengen from 1997 to 2015. Both of those competitions have been discontinued.
Bankoff circle
In geometry, the Bankoff circle or Bankoff triplet circle is a certain Archimedean circle that can be constructed from an arbelos; an Archimedean circle is any circle with area equal to each of Archimedes' twin circles. The Bankoff circle was first constructed by Leon Bankoff in 1974.

Arbelos
In geometry, an arbelos is a plane region bounded by three semicircles with three apexes such that each corner of each semicircle is shared with one of the others (connected), all on the same side of a straight line (the baseline) that contains their diameters.

The earliest known reference to this figure is in Archimedes's Book of Lemmas, where some of its mathematical properties are stated as Propositions 4 through 8. The word arbelos is Greek for 'shoemaker's knife'. The figure is closely related to the Pappus chain.
Peter McDonald (demographer)
Peter Francis McDonald AO FASSA (born 1946) is an Australian demographer and Emeritus Professor of Demography in the Crawford School of Public Policy of the Australian National University. He is known for his research on fertility transition and migration. He has researched extensively in Southeast Asia.

Meimanat Hosseini-Chavoshi
Meimanat Hosseini-Chavoshi (Persian: میمنت حسینی چاوشی) is an Australian-Iranian demographer and a Research Fellow at the Australian National University.
She won Iran's Book of the Year Award for the book The Fertility Transition in Iran: Revolution and Reproduction (with Peter McDonald and Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi). From December 2018 to January 2019 she was detained in Iran for more than a month, after it was alleged that she had been trying to "infiltrate" Iranian institutions.
Tvorchi
Tvorchi (stylised in all caps; from Ukrainian: твóрчі, romanized: tvórchi, lit. 'creatives') is a Ukrainian electronic music duo from Ternopil, formed in 2018 by producer Andrii Hutsuliak and vocalist Jeffery Kenny. They have released five studio albums: The Parts (2018), Disco Lights (2019), 13 Waves (2020), Road (2020), and Planet X (2024).

They represented Ukraine in the Eurovision Song Contest 2023 with the song "Heart of Steel", placing sixth in the final with 243 points. They are also the winners of the YUNA Awards in 2021 and 2022.

Ukraine in the Eurovision Song Contest 2023
Ukraine was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2023 with the song "Heart of Steel" performed by Tvorchi. The Ukrainian national broadcaster, Public Broadcasting Company of Ukraine (UA:PBC), organised a national final in order to select the Ukrainian entry for the 2023 contest. As the winning country of the 2022 contest, Ukraine automatically qualified for the final. Tvorchi performed in position 19 and finished in sixth place overall with 243 points.
Kjøllefjord
Kjøllefjord (Norwegian), Gilevuonna (Northern Sami), or Kelavuono (Kven) is the administrative centre of Lebesby Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The village is located on the northwestern part of the Nordkinn Peninsula, on the shore of a small fjord which empties into the larger Laksefjorden. The 0.45-square-kilometre (110-acre) village has a population (2023) of 836, which gives the village a population density of 1,858 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,810/sq mi) and makes it the largest village in the municipality and one of the largest fishing villages in Finnmark county.

The Hurtigruten coastal express boat has regular stops at Kjøllefjord. Kjøllefjord Church is located in the village.  One of the largest fish processing and fishing companies in Kjøllefjord is a branch of Aker Seafoods. Another large company is Laksefjord Seafood AS. Kjøllefjord Airport once served the village, but it is now closed.

Kjøllefjord Airport
Kjøllefjord Airfield (Norwegian: Kjøllefjord flyplass) is a disused general aviation airport (airfield) located at Kjøllefjord in Lebesby Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It consisted of a 630-by-40-meter (2,070 by 130 ft) gravel runway and a simple small building as a terminal. Plans for an airport in Kjøllefjord were first launched in the mid-1960s. The Norving airline was the main proponent as they intended to operate an air taxi and air ambulance service. Construction started in 1973 and the airport opened in 1974. In that same year, another nearby airport opened; the larger Mehamn Airport is only 30 kilometers away and Kjøllefjord therefore was little used. It was abandoned in the 1980s.
James R. Russell
James Robert Russell (born October 27, 1953) is a scholar and professor in Ancient Near Eastern, Iranian and Armenian Studies. He has published extensively in journals, and has written several books.

Russell served as Mashtots Professor  of Armenian Studies at Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations at Harvard University, and sat on the executive committee of Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies.

In July 2016, Russell became semi-retired and moved his residence to Fresno, California.

As of 2023, Russell is Emeritus Mashtots Professor of Armenian Studies at Harvard University, Distinguished Visiting Professor of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and a part-time Lecturer in Jewish Studies and Biblical Hebrew at California State University, Fresno. In late March 2025 J.R. Russell returned to live in his native New York City neighborhood, Washington Heights in upper Manhattan.

Armenian studies
Armenian studies or Armenology (Armenian: հայագիտություն, pronounced [hɑjɑɡituˈtʰjun]) is a field of humanities covering Armenian history, language and culture. The emergence of modern Armenian studies is associated with the foundation of the Catholic Mechitarist order in the early 18th century. Until the early 20th century, Armenian studies were largely conducted by individual scholars in the Armenian communities of the Russian Empire (Moscow, Saint Petersburg, New Nakhichevan, Tiflis), Europe (Venice, Vienna, Paris, London, Berlin, Leipzig), Constantinople and Vagharshapat in Armenia. After the establishment of Soviet rule, Armenian studies, and sciences in general, were institutionalized in Armenia and put under direct control of the Academy of Sciences. Today, numerous  research centers in many parts of the world specialize in Armenian studies.