hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sonning Bridge
Sonning Bridge is a road bridge across the River Thames at Sonning, Berkshire. It links Sonning with Sonning Eye (Oxfordshire) and crosses the Thames on the reach above Shiplake Lock, just short of Sonning Lock. It is a brick arch bridge completed in 1775, to replace an earlier wooden bridge. The bridge has been the subject of many paintings and prints by artists and is a Grade II listed building.

The road extends to the two Sonning Backwater Bridges. One is over the backwater downstream of the weir and the other is over the millrace which is between the two main branches.

The Thames Path crosses the river at this point.

Sonning Backwater Bridges
Sonning Backwater Bridges are the road bridges across the first two of three branches of the Thames at Sonning Eye, Oxfordshire, England.

Built in 1986 to replace older wooden structures, one bridge spans a main weir stream – traditionally named the backwater – and the other spans the splayed under-mill outlets from the millrace of the island known as Sonning Eye.

These two bridges are paired with the follow-on, much older, brick arches of Sonning Bridge over the navigation channel which thereby enters Berkshire – specifically Sonning. Together, all these bridges form a near perfectly straight line. All three including their two very short causeways or viaducts between them form the longest structure to cross the river below Wallingford, Oxfordshire and above Windsor Railway Bridge.
Diocese of Exeter
The Diocese of Exeter is a Church of England diocese covering the county of Devon. It is one of the largest dioceses in England.  The Cathedral Church of St Peter in Exeter is the seat of the diocesan Bishop of Exeter. It is part of the Province of Canterbury. The diocesan bishop (Mike Harrison) is assisted by two suffragan bishops, the Bishop of Crediton and the Bishop of Plymouth. The See of Crediton was created in 1897 and the See of Plymouth in 1923.

Bishop of Exeter
The Bishop of Exeter is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Exeter in the Province of Canterbury. The current bishop is Mike Harrison, since 2024.

From the first bishop until the sixteenth century the Bishops of Exeter were in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church. However, during the Reformation the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church, at first temporarily and later more permanently. Since the Reformation, the Bishop and Diocese of Exeter has been part of the reformed and catholic Church of England. The bishop's residence is The Bishop's Palace, Exeter.
Nishi Tokyo Bus
Nishi Tokyo Bus Co., Ltd. (西東京バス株式会社, Nishi Tōkyō Basu Kabusiki-gaisha) is a bus-operating company in western Tama Area, mainly in Hachioji and Akiruno, Tokyo, Japan. It has Tama Bus Co., Ltd. (多摩バス株式会社, Tama Basu Kabushiki-gaisha) in a subsidiary which once took charge of bus routes in western Hachioji area and Ome area, and expressway bus routes. Although it now belongs to Keio Group, it was originally a bus section of Ome Electric Railway Co. (present JR Ōme Line).

Keio Corporation
Keio Corporation (Japanese: 京王電鉄株式会社, Hepburn: Keiō Dentetsu Kabushiki-gaisha; 'Keio Electric Railway KK') is a private railway operator in Tokyo, Japan and the central firm of the Keio Group (京王グループ, Keiō Gurūpu) that is involved in transport, retail, real estate and other industries. The Keio railway network connects western suburbs of Tokyo (Chōfu, Fuchū, Hachiōji, Hino, Inagi, Tama) and Sagamihara in Kanagawa with central Tokyo at Shinjuku Station.

The name 'Keio' (京王) is derived from taking one character each from the places through which the railway runs: Tokyo (東京) and Hachiōji (八王子).
Area codes 310 and 424
Area codes 310 and 424 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the U.S. state of California. The numbering plan area includes the West Los Angeles and South Bay areas of Los Angeles County, a small portion of Ventura County, and Santa Catalina Island, which is located 26 miles (42 km) south.

Area code 310 was created in a split from area code 213 on November 2, 1991. On January 25, 1997, area code 310 was split, creating area code 562 for the southeast portion of Los Angeles County and a large portion of Orange County. Area code 424 was added to the remaining numbering plan area on July 26, 2006, in an overlay plan, the first in California.

Area code 562
Area code 562 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan for much of southeastern Los Angeles County in the U.S. state of California. The numbering plan area also includes Long Beach, and parts of northern Orange County. The area code was created in an area code split of area code 310 on January 25, 1997.
June Christy
June Christy (born Shirley Luster; November 20, 1925 – June 21, 1990) was an American singer, known for her work in the cool jazz genre and for her silky smooth vocals. Her success as a singer began with The Stan Kenton Orchestra. She pursued a solo career from 1954 and is best known for her debut album Something Cool. After her death, she was hailed as "one of the finest and most neglected singers of her time."

Stan Kenton
Stanley Newcomb Kenton (December 15, 1911 – August 25, 1979) was an American popular music and jazz artist. As a pianist, composer, arranger and band leader, he led an innovative and influential jazz orchestra for almost four decades. Though Kenton had several pop hits from the early 1940s into the 1960s, his music was always forward-looking. Kenton was also a pioneer in the field of jazz education, creating the Stan Kenton Jazz Camp in 1959 at Indiana University.
Kujō Sukezane
Kujō Sukezane (九条 輔実; 1669 – 1729), son of Kaneharu, was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the Edo period (1603–1868). He held regent positions sesshō from 1712 to 1716 and kampaku from 1716 to 1722. He married a daughter of Emperor Go-Sai; the couple had three sons, Morotaka, Yukinori and Naozane, and a daughter who later became a consort of Tokugawa Yoshimichi, fourth head of Owari Domain later known as Zuisho-in.

Kujō Naozane
Kujō Naozane (九条 尚実; 1717 – 1787), son of regent Sukezane and adopted son of his nephew Tanemoto, was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the Edo period (1603–1868). Michisaki was his son. He held court positions as follows:

Kampaku (1778–1779)

Sesshō (1779–1785)

Daijō Daijin (1780–1781)

Kampaku (1785–1787)
Ali Hisam-ad-Din Naqshbandi
Shah Ali Hisâm-ad-Dîn Naqshbandî (Arabic:  حسام الدين نقشبندي, Persian: علي حسام الدین نقشبند, Turkish: Şâh Ali Hüsâmeddîn) also known as Hâzrat-i Shâh and Bâbâ Ali (b. 1861 Tawella, Iraq / d. 1939 Bahakon, Iraq) was a 19th-century sufi, awliya' and  Islamic scholar born in Tawella village which was part of Ottoman Empire lands at that time. He is sayyid and sherif also a descendant of Sayyid Battal Gazi. Muhammad Ali Hisâm-ad-Dîn is the grandson of Uthman Sirâj-ud-Dîn Naqshbandi of Tawella who is the first caliph of Mawlânâ Khâlid al-Baghdadî in Sulaymaniyah. He belonged to one of the most influential noble households of the Middle East and Ottoman Empire, the Sheikhs of Tavil.

Uthman Sirâj-ud-Dîn Naqshbandi
Sheikh ‘Uthman Sirâj-ud-Dîn Al-Naqshbandi (Arabic: الشيخ عثمان الطويلي النقشبندي; Turkish: Osman Sirâceddîn Nakşibendi) known as Uthman Siraj-ud-Din at-Tavili or Uthman Siraj-ud-Din al-Awal (b. 1781 AD/c. 1195 AH Tawella, Iraq - d. 1867 AD/c. 1284 AH Tawella, Iraq) was an 18th-century  sufi, saint and Islamic scholar. He was a descendant of Sayyid Battal Gazi. He belonged to one of the most influential noble households of the Middle East and Ottoman Empire, the Sheikhs of Tavil.
Davenport Cubs
The Davenport Cubs were a minor league baseball team based in Davenport, Iowa. In 1946, the "Cubs" began play as members of the Class B level Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League, continuing the tenure of Davenport teams in the league. The Cubs were a minor league affiliate of the Chicago Cubs and played through 1947. The Davenport "Pirates" (Pittsburgh Pirates), Davenport "Quads," Davenport "Tigers" (Detroit Tigers) and Davenport "DavSox" (Chicago White Sox) teams completed Davenport's membership in the Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League through 1957.

Davenport won the 1946 league pennant and 1949 league championship. The Davenport Braves team resumed play beginning in 1960, as Davenport joined the Midwest League.

The Davenport teams hosted Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League home minor league games at Municipal Stadium, known today as Modern Woodmen Park.

Baseball Hall of Fame member Jim Bunning played for the 1949 Davenport Tigers at age 19.

Quad Cities River Bandits
The Quad Cities River Bandits are a Minor League Baseball team of the Midwest League and the High-A affiliate of the Kansas City Royals. Their home games are played at Modern Woodmen Park (formerly John O'Donnell Stadium) in Davenport, Iowa, one of the Quad Cities.
City Hall, London (Newham)
City Hall, in the London Borough of Newham in east London, is the headquarters of the Greater London Authority (GLA), the regional government for Greater London. It replaced the previous City Hall, in Southwark in 2022. The building opened in 2012 and was previously an exhibition centre for sustainable architecture, known as The Crystal. Built and opened by Siemens, it was the first building in the world to reach the highest sustainability award levels in LEED and BREEAM. It was bought by the GLA in 2019 for the London Docklands redevelopment project.

The building is situated next to the redeveloped Royal Victoria Dock in Canning Town. The northern terminus of the London cable car, and Royal Victoria station, the Docklands Light Railway and Custom House railway station on the Elizabeth line are within walking distance. It is close to London City Airport.

110 The Queen's Walk
110 The Queen's Walk, formerly City Hall, is a building in Bermondsey, London, that served as the headquarters of the Greater London Authority (GLA) between July 2002 and December 2021. Designed by Norman Foster, it is located on the south bank of the River Thames near Tower Bridge. The site, which forms part of the More London development, has been owned by the State of Kuwait since 2013.

In June 2020, Mayor of London Sadiq Khan proposed a relocation of the GLA to The Crystal, a GLA-owned property in Newham. Khan confirmed the decision on 3 November 2020 and the GLA vacated City Hall on 2 December 2021.
Molala language
Molala is an extinct language once spoken by the Molala people of Oregon. Currently it is included among the Plateau Penutian language family, with Klamath and Sahaptin being considered the closest related.

Plateau Penutian languages
Plateau Penutian (also Shahapwailutan, Lepitan, Plateau) is a family of languages spoken in northern California, reaching through central-western Oregon to northern Washington and central-northern Idaho. The family is accepted by Campbell (2024).
Penal substitution
Penal substitution, also called penal substitutionary atonement and especially in older writings forensic theory, is a theory of the atonement within Protestant Christian theology, which declares that Christ, voluntarily submitting to God the Father's plan, was punished (penalized) in the place of sinners (substitution), thus satisfying the demands of justice and propitiation, so God can justly forgive sins making us at one with God (atonement). It began with the German Reformation leader Martin Luther and continued to develop within the Calvinist tradition as a specific understanding of substitutionary atonement. The penal model teaches that the substitutionary nature of Jesus' death is understood in the sense of a substitutionary fulfilment of legal demands for the offenses of sins.

Substitutionary atonement
Substitutionary atonement, also called vicarious atonement, is a central concept within Western Christian theology which asserts that Jesus died for humanity, as claimed by the Western classic and paradigms of atonement in Christianity, which regard Jesus as dying as a substitute for others.

Substitutionary atonement has been explicated in the "classic paradigm" of the Early Church Fathers, namely the ransom theory, as well as in Gustaf Aulen's demystified reformulation, the Christus Victor theory; and in the "objective paradigm," which includes Anselm of Canterbury's satisfaction theory, the Reformed period's penal substitution theory, and the Governmental theory of atonement.
Committees of Poor Peasants
In Soviet-ruled Russia the Bolshevik authorities established Committees of Poor [Peasants] (Russian: Комитеты Бедноты, komitety bednoty or Russian: комбеды, kombedy, commonly rendered in English as kombeds) during the second half of 1918 as local institutions bringing together impoverished peasants to advance government policy. The committees had as their primary task grain requisitioning on behalf of the Soviet state; they also distributed manufactured goods in rural areas. After 1918 many of the Committees of Poor Peasants were disbanded, though they remained strong in some areas including Ukraine where they were known as Committees of Unwealthy Peasants (komnezam or komnezamozhi).

Prodrazverstka
Prodrazverstka, also transliterated prodrazvyorstka (Russian: продразвёрстка [prədrɐˈzvʲɵrstkə], short for продовольственная развёрстка, lit. 'food apportionment'), alternatively referred to in English as grain requisitioning, was a policy and campaign of confiscation of grain and other agricultural products from peasants at nominal fixed prices according to specified quotas (the noun razverstka, Russian: развёрстка, and the verb razverstat, refer to the partition of the requested total amount as obligations from the suppliers).

The term is commonly associated with war communism during the Russian Civil War when it was introduced by the Bolshevik government. However, the Bolsheviks borrowed the idea from the grain razverstka introduced in the Russian Empire in 1916 during World War I.
Damascus University
Damascus University (Arabic: جامعة دمشق, romanized: Jāmiʾa Dimashq) is a public research university in Damascus, the capital city of Syria. It is the largest and oldest university in the country. It also operates satellite campuses in other Syrian cities.

It was founded in 1923 as the Syrian University (Arabic: الجامعة السورية, romanized: al-Jāmiʾa al-Sūriyya) through the merger of the Medical School (established 1903) and the Institute of Law (established 1913). It adopted its current name after the founding of the University of Aleppo in 1958.

Damascus University was one of the most reputable universities in the Arab World before the Syrian civil war started in 2011.

Damascus University consists of several faculties, higher institutes, intermediate institutes and a school of nursing. One of the institutions specializes in teaching the Arabic language to foreigners, which as of 2005 was the largest institution of its kind in the Arab world.

Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University
The Faculty of Medicine of Damascus University (Arabic: كلية الطب البشري في جامعة دمشق) is the oldest university college in Syria, founded in 1903.  Under Faisal I it was called the Arab Medical School.
Russo-Kazan Wars
The Russo-Kazan Wars were a series of short, intermittent wars fought between the Grand Principality of Moscow and the Khanate of Kazan between 1437 and 1556. Most of these were wars of succession in Kazan, in which Muscovy intervened on behalf of the dynastic interests of its main ally, the Crimean Khanate. For most of the period, neither side sought to conquer the other, until Ivan the Terrible decided to annex Kazan upon the successful 1552 siege, which was followed by a rebellion lasting until 1556.

Kazan rebellion
The Kazan rebellion or Tatar Rebellion (1552–1556) was an uprising against Tsardom of Russia. It aimed to restore the Kazan Khanate, which the Russians had conquered in October 1552.

The rebel armies mostly consisted of Tatars, Chuvash, Cheremises, Mordvins, and Udmurts. Some Nogais were also involved in the war. Independent rebel governments formed among the Chalem and in Mishatamaq. The khan of the Nogai Horde, Ğäli Äkräm, was invited to head the renewed khanate because Mameshbirde, leader of the rebellion, was not a descendant of Genghis Khan. Russian troops under Andrey Kurbsky and Alexander Gorbatyi-Shuisky opposed the "rebels".

At the peak of the rebellion, Tatars controlled the greater part of the former khanate. However, the city of Kazan, the former capital, remained under Russian control. Ivan IV sent major reinforcements to the Kazan area and suppressed the uprising. Part of the Russo-Kazan Wars.
Gaius Albucius Silus
Gaius Albucius Silus was an ancient Roman orator and teacher of rhetoric under emperor Augustus. He was born and died in Novaria (today Novara), but made his career in Rome. Suetonius gives a sketch of his life, while Seneca the Elder describes him as an outstanding declaimer.

In the novel Albucius (1990), Pascal Quignard invents fifty-three controversiae (fictitious lawsuits) by Albucius and alternates them with historical and fictional scenes from his life.

Seneca the Elder
Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Elder (/ˈsɛnɪkə/ SEN-ik-ə; c. 54 BC – c. AD 39), also known as Seneca the Rhetorician, was a Roman writer, born of a wealthy equestrian family of Corduba, Hispania. He wrote a collection of reminiscences about the Roman schools of rhetoric, six books of which are extant in a more or less complete state and five others in epitome only. His principal work, a history of Roman affairs from the beginning of the Civil Wars until the last years of his life, is almost entirely lost to posterity. Seneca lived through the reigns of three significant emperors; Augustus (ruled 27 BC – 14 AD), Tiberius (ruled 14–37 AD) and Caligula (ruled 37–41 AD). He was the father of Lucius Junius Gallio Annaeanus, best known as a Proconsul of Achaia; his second son was the dramatist and Stoic philosopher Seneca the Younger (Lucius), who was tutor of Nero, and his third son, Marcus Annaeus Mela, became the father of the poet Lucan.
ISO 3166-2:MV
ISO 3166-2:MV is the entry for Maldives in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently for Maldives, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for two cities and 19 administrative atolls.

Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is MV, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of Maldives. The second part is one of the following:

three letters: Malé

two digits: Addu City and administrative atolls

Administrative divisions of the Maldives
The administrative divisions of the Maldives refers to the various units of government that provide local government services in the Maldives. According to the Decentralization Act 2010, the administrative divisions of the Maldives would consist of atolls, islands, and cities; each is administered by its own local council, under the basic terms of home rule. Geographically, the Maldives are formed by a number of natural atolls plus a few islands and isolated reefs which form a pattern from north to south. Administratively, there are currently 189 islands, 18 atolls and 4 cities in the Maldives.
Taupō Volcanic Zone
The Taupō Volcanic Zone (TVZ) is a volcanic area in the North Island of New Zealand. It has been active for at least the past two million years and is still highly active.

Mount Ruapehu marks its south-western end and the zone runs north-eastward through the Taupō and Rotorua areas and offshore into the Bay of Plenty. It is part of a larger Central Volcanic Region that extends to the Coromandel Peninsula and has been active for four million years. The zone is contained within the tectonic intra-arc continental Taupō Rift and this rift volcanic zone is widening unevenly east–west, with the greatest rate of widening at the Bay of Plenty coast, the least at Mount Ruapehu and a rate of about 8 mm (0.31 in) per year at Taupō. The zone is named after Lake Taupō, the flooded caldera of the largest volcano in the zone, the Taupō Volcano and contains a large central volcanic plateau as well as other landforms.

Taupō Volcano
Lake Taupō, in the centre of New Zealand's North Island, fills the caldera of the Taupō Volcano, a large rhyolitic supervolcano.  This huge volcano has produced two of the world's most powerful eruptions in geologically recent times.

The volcano is in the Taupō Volcanic Zone within the Taupō Rift, a region of rift volcanic activity that extends from Ruapehu in the south, through the Taupō and Rotorua districts, to Whakaari / White Island, in the Bay of Plenty.
Yavari (ship)
Yavari is a British-built iron steamship commissioned (along with her sister ship Yapura) by the Peruvian government in 1861 for use on Lake Titicaca by the Peruvian Navy.

She is named after the Javary River in the Loreto Region of Peru, bordering the Amazonas State (Brazil), and was the first steamship to cross the highest navigable waters in the world. Currently the ship functions as a museum and bed and breakfast with bunk accommodation and is the oldest iron lake steamer afloat.

BAP Puno
BAP Puno (ABH-306) is a Peruvian Navy hospital ship on Lake Titicaca. Until 1976 she was called Yapura. She is named after the Yapura River (or Caqueta River) that flows into the Amazon River in Department of Loreto, Peru. The Yapura river was the former border between Peru and Colombia in the Amazonia. It was an iron steam ship commissioned (along with her sister ship Yavarí) by the Peruvian government in 1861 for use on the lake by the Peruvian Navy. She is one of the oldest operational iron-hulled ships in the world, and is the oldest first-line military ship.
Buick Reatta
The Buick Reatta is a low-volume transverse front-engine, front-wheel drive, two-door, two-seater grand tourer manufactured and marketed by Buick as a coupe (1988–1991) and convertible (1990–1991) — both featuring a 3.8 liter V6 engine and shortened version of the GM E platform, shared with the seventh generation Buick Riviera.

As Buick's first two-seater and its first convertible since the 1985 Riviera, the Reatta was manufactured in a highly specialized assembly program at the Reatta Craft Center (later known as the Lansing Craft Center) in Lansing, Michigan—achieving production of over 21,000 units in four years.

Buick Riviera
The Buick Riviera is a personal luxury car that was marketed by Buick from 1963 to 1999, with the exception of the 1994 model year.

As General Motors' first entry into the personal luxury car market segment, the Riviera was highly praised by automotive journalists upon its high-profile debut. It was a ground-up design on a new GM E platform debuting for the 1963 model year and was also Buick's first unique Riviera model.

Unlike its subsequent GM E platform stablemates, the Oldsmobile Toronado and Cadillac Eldorado, the Riviera was initially a front engine/rear-wheel drive platform, switching to front-wheel drive starting with the 1979 model year.

While the early models stayed close to their original form, eight subsequent generations varied substantially in size and styling. A total of 1,127,261 Rivieras were produced.

The Riviera name was resurrected for two concept cars that were displayed at auto shows in 2007 and in 2013.
2020 Sydney Women's Sevens
The 2020 Sydney Women's Sevens was the fifth tournament within the 2019–20 World Rugby Women's Sevens Series and the fourth edition of the Australian Women's Sevens. It was held over the first weekend of February 2020 at Bankwest Stadium in Sydney and was run alongside the men's tournament.

In the final, New Zealand claimed their fourth tournament victory in a row as they defeated Canada 33–7.

2020 Sydney Sevens
The 2020 Sydney Sevens was the fourth tournament in the 2019–20 World Rugby Sevens Series and the eighteenth edition of the Australian Sevens. It was held over the weekend of 1–2 February 2019 at Bankwest Stadium. Fiji won the tournament to claim their sixth Australian title, narrowly defeating South Africa in the final by 12–10.

This was second tournament in 2019–20 to have only one team from each pool qualify to the cup knockout phase.