hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jürgen Schumann
Jürgen Schumann (29 April 1940 – 16 October 1977) was a German commercial airline pilot and former German Air Force officer. He served as the flight captain of the Lufthansa plane Landshut during its hijacking on 13 October 1977. The hijacking was led by Zohair Yousif Akache, also known as Captain Mahmoud, a militant from the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). Schumann was murdered by Akache at Aden International Airport on the fourth day of the hijacking.

Lufthansa Flight 181
Lufthansa Flight 181, a Boeing 737-230C jet airliner (reg. D-ABCE) named Landshut, was hijacked on 13 October 1977 by four militants of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine while en route from Palma de Mallorca, Spain, to Frankfurt am Main, West Germany. The hijacking aimed to secure the release of eleven notorious Red Army Faction leaders held in West German prisons and two Palestinians held in Turkey. This event was part of the so-called German Autumn, intended to increase pressure on the West German government. The hijackers diverted the flight to several locations before ending in Mogadishu, Somalia, where the crisis concluded in the early morning hours of 18 October 1977 under the cover of darkness. The West German counter-terrorism unit GSG 9, with ground support from the Somali Armed Forces, stormed the aircraft, rescuing all 87 passengers and four crew members. The captain of the flight was killed by the hijackers earlier in the ordeal.
Alessia Maurelli
Alessia Maurelli (born 22 August 1996) is a former Italian group rhythmic gymnast. She is a two-time (2020, 2024) Olympic Group All-around bronze medalist, a three-time (2014, 2018, 2021) World Group All-around silver medalist and five-time European (2014, 2018, 2021, 2022, 2024) Group All-around silver medalist.

A member of the national squad since 2014, Maurelli ascended to prominence on the international scene at the 2016 Summer Olympics, where she and fellow rhythmic gymnasts Sofia Lodi, Camilla Patriarca, Marta Pagnini, and Martina Centofanti attained a total score of 35.549 on the combination of hoops, ribbons, and clubs for the fourth spot in the final, slipping her team off the podium (and the second place) by nearly two tenths of a point.

Martina Centofanti
Martina Centofanti (born 19 May 1998) is an Italian group rhythmic gymnast. She represented Italy at three consecutive Olympic Games and is a two-time bronze medalist (2020, 2024). She is a five-time World champion and a four-time European champion.
Theoretical definition
A theoretical definition defines a term in an academic discipline, functioning as a proposal to see a phenomenon in a certain way. A theoretical definition is a proposed way of thinking about potentially related events. Theoretical definitions contain built-in theories; they cannot be simply reduced to describing a set of observations. The definition may contain implicit inductions and deductive consequences that are part of the theory. A theoretical definition of a term can change, over time, based on the methods in the field that created it.

Without a falsifiable operational definition, conceptual definitions assume both knowledge and acceptance of the theories that it depends on. A hypothetical construct may serve as a theoretical definition, as can a stipulative definition.

Stipulative definition
A stipulative definition is a type of definition in which a new or currently existing term is given a new specific meaning for the purposes of argument or discussion in a given context. When the term already exists, this definition may, but does not necessarily, contradict the dictionary (lexical) definition of the term. Because of this, a stipulative definition cannot be "correct" or "incorrect" within its stipulated context; it can only differ from other definitions, but it can be useful for its intended purpose.

For example, in the riddle of induction by Nelson Goodman, "grue" was stipulated to be "a property of an object that makes it appear green if observed before some future time t, and blue if observed afterward". "Grue" has no meaning in standard English; therefore, Goodman created the new term and gave it a stipulative definition.
Hermachola
Hermachola is a genus of southern African mygalomorph spiders in the family Entypesidae. It was first described by J. Hewitt in 1915, and its three described species are endemic to South Africa.

It was previously considered a junior synonym of Hermacha , but was elevated to genus in 2021. The type species, Hermachola crudeni, was originally described under the name "Hermacha crudeni".

Hermacha
Hermacha is a genus of mygalomorphae spiders in the family Entypesidae. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1889. Originally placed with the Ctenizidae, it was transferred to the funnel-web trapdoor spiders in 1985, then to the Entypesidae in 2020.

It is a senior synonym of Damarchodes and Hermachola.
New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts
New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts (NHC) was founded and incorporated in 1866, as a land grant college  in Hanover in connection with Dartmouth College. In 1893, NHC moved to Durham, where it became the University of New Hampshire (UNH) in 1923, by an act of the New Hampshire General Court.

University of New Hampshire
The University of New Hampshire (UNH) is a public land-grant research university with its main campus in Durham, New Hampshire, United States. It was founded and incorporated in 1866 as a land grant college in Hanover, moved to Durham in 1893, and adopted its current name in 1923.

The university's Durham campus comprises six colleges. A seventh college, the University of New Hampshire at Manchester, occupies the university's campus in Manchester. The University of New Hampshire School of Law is in Concord, the state's capital. The university is part of the University System of New Hampshire and is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

As of 2018, its combined campuses made UNH the largest state university system in the state of New Hampshire, with over 15,000 students. It was also the most expensive state-sponsored school in the United States for in-state students.
KTOK
KTOK (1000 AM) is a commercial radio station in Oklahoma City and airs a news/talk format. It is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., with the license held by iHM Licenses, LLC.  KTOK and its sister stations, KGHM, KJYO, KOKQ, KTST and KXXY-FM, have offices and studios at 6525 North Meridian Avenue on the Northwest side of Oklahoma City.

KTOK's power is 5,800 watts.  It uses a directional antenna with a three to five-tower array. Because AM 1000 is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A WMVP in Chicago, KNWN in Seattle and XEOY in Mexico City, KTOK's nighttime signal must protect those stations. The transmitter is in Moore, Oklahoma, off NE 25th Street. KTOK programming is also heard on co-owned 96.1 KXXY's HD2 subchannel and on the iHeartRadio app.

KXXY-FM
KXXY-FM (96.1 MHz, "96.1 KXY") is a commercial radio station in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc.  It airs a classic country radio format.  In its logo, the station omits one of the two Xs in its call sign, calling itself "KXY".

KXXY-FM's studios and offices were located in the 50 Penn Place building on the Northwest side, in early 2022 iHeartMedia Oklahoma City moved KXXY-FM along with sister stations KGHM, KTOK, KJYO, KTST, KREF-FM, to new state of the art studios located at 6525 N Meridian Ave further up the road on the Northwest side just a few miles west from their former studio home in the 50 Penn Place building. The transmitter is off NE 122nd Street in Oklahoma City, near the John Kilpatrick Turnpike.
Hélio Gracie
Hélio Gracie (October 1, 1913 – January 29, 2009) was a Brazilian martial artist who together with his brothers Oswaldo, Gastao Jr, George and Carlos Gracie founded and developed the self-defense martial art system of Gracie jiu-jitsu, also known as Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ).

Considered as the Godfather of BJJ, according to his son Rorion, Gracie is one of the first sports heroes in Brazilian history; he was named Man of the Year in 1997 by the American martial arts publication Black Belt magazine. A patriarch of the Gracie family, multiple members of his family have gone on to have successful careers in combat sport competition, including mixed martial arts (MMA). In 2001, he was inducted into the Martial Arts History Museum Hall of Fame.

Gracie family
The Gracie family (Portuguese: [ˈɡɾejsi]) is a family of martial artists originally from Belém, state of Pará, Brazil, whose ancestors came from Paisley, Scotland. They are known for promoting the self-defense martial arts system of Gracie jiu-jitsu, commonly known as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, originating from Kano jiu-jitsu (Judo) brought to Brazil by judoka prizefighter Mitsuyo Maeda.

They have been successful in combat sports competitions for over 80 years, representing their self-defense system (Gracie jiu-jitsu) including mixed martial arts (MMA), vale tudo and submission wrestling events. Several members were involved in the creation of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), along with promoter Art Davie.

As a family, the Gracies upheld the "Gracie Challenge", a martial arts challenge intended to showcase the effectiveness of their style of grappling against other martial arts disciplines. Members have an affinity to, and are consanguineously related to, the Machado family.
Settling Accounts: Return Engagement
Settling Accounts: Return Engagement is the first book of Harry Turtledove's Settling Accounts series of alternate history novels.

An analog of World War II known as the Second Great War is being waged on American soil between the United States and the Confederate States. This series is part of a larger series of novels. For convenience's sake, many Turtledove fans refer to this as the Southern Victory series. It takes the Southern Victory Series Earth from 1941 to 1942.

Southern Victory
The Southern Victory series or Timeline-191 is a series of eleven alternate history novels by author Harry Turtledove, beginning with How Few Remain (1997) and published over a decade. In the series, the Confederate States defeats the United States of America in the American Civil War, making good its attempt at secession and becoming an independent nation. Subsequent books build on this alternate timeline through the mid-1940s.

The secondary name is derived from General Robert E. Lee's Special Order 191, which detailed the C.S. Army of Northern Virginia's invasion of the Union through the border state of Maryland in September 1862. Union soldiers found a copy of the order on September 13, which helped General George B. McClellan of the Army of the Potomac prevail over Lee at the Battle of Antietam. Turtledove creates a divergence by positing that the Union does not find the order.
NBL1 West
NBL1 West, formerly the State Basketball League (SBL), is a semi-professional basketball league in Western Australia, comprising both a men's and women's competition. In 2020, Basketball Western Australia partnered with the National Basketball League (NBL) to bring NBL1 to Western Australia. NBL1 replaced the former SBL to create more professional pathways and opportunities for males and females playing basketball in Western Australia. As a result, the SBL became the west conference of NBL1.

Basketball Western Australia
Basketball Western Australia is the governing body for the sport of basketball in the state of Western Australia. It is responsible for overseeing the development, promotion, and administration of basketball throughout Western Australia. The organisation is affiliated with Basketball Australia and works with metropolitan and regional associations, clubs, and schools to foster basketball participation at all levels, from grassroots to elite competition.
NA-6 Lower Dir-I
NA-6 Lower Dir-I (این اے-6، لور دیر-I) is a constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan. The area was formerly part of NA-34 (Lower Dir) constituency  from 1977 to 2018. The delimitation in 2018 split Lower Dir into two separate constituencies, NA-6 (Lower Dir-I) and NA-7 (Lower Dir-II).

NA-7 Lower Dir-II
NA-7 Lower Dir-II (این اے-7، لور دیر-II)is a constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan. It was created in 2018 by splitting NA-34 (Lower Dir) which contained most of Lower Dir District from 1977 to 2018. It contains Lal Qila Tehsil, Samarbagh Tehsil, Munda Tehsil, and Balambut Tehsil (excluding Balambut and Rabat union councils) of the Lower Dir District while the remaining portion of NA-34 (Lower Dir) was made part of NA-6 (Lower Dir-I).
Dustin Heun
Dustin Heun (born 11 April 1984) is a German former professional footballer who played as a forward.

Dustin's father, Dirk Heun, was also a professional footballer and made 10 appearances in the Bundesliga.

Dirk Heun
Dirk Heun (born 4 January 1953) is a German former footballer who played as a midfielder.

Heun made ten appearances for Tennis Borussia Berlin during the 1976–77 Bundesliga campaign.

His son, Dustin Heun, is also a former professional footballer.
New South Wales Corps
The New South Wales Corps, later known as the 102d Regiment of Foot, and lastly as the 100th Regiment of Foot, was a formation of the British Army organised  in 1789 in England to relieve the New South Wales Marine Corps, which had accompanied the First Fleet to New South Wales. In Australia, the New South Wales Corps gained notoriety for its trade in rum and mutinous behaviour.

Reconstituted as the 102d Regiment of Foot, it was transferred to Bermuda and Nova Scotia, before taking part in the Chesapeake campaign of the War of 1812. Reconstituted for the second time after the war as the 100th Regiment of Foot, it was disbanded in 1818.

New South Wales Marine Corps
The New South Wales Marine Corps was a battalion-sized unit of the British Marine Forces created to guard convicts aboard the First Fleet to Australia, and to preserve "subordination and regularity" in the colony of New South Wales. Established in 1786, the unit served in New South Wales from 1788 to 1792, and was instrumental in establishing the colony's rule of law. Study of the complete New South Wales Marine complement indicates they were chosen from the Plymouth and Portsmouth Divisions, with only one exception. Beginning with guards arriving with the 2nd and 3rd fleets but officially with the arrival of HMS Gorgon on 22 September 1791, the New South Wales Marines were relieved by a newly formed British Army regiment of foot, the New South Wales Corps.
Perchance to Dream (novel)
Perchance to Dream is a detective crime novel by Robert B. Parker, written as an authorized sequel to The Big Sleep by Raymond Chandler. Following his posthumous collaboration with Chandler on Poodle Springs, this 1991 release is the second and final Philip Marlowe novel written by Parker.

Poodle Springs
Poodle Springs is the eighth Philip Marlowe novel. It was started in 1958 by Raymond Chandler, who left it unfinished at his death in 1959. The four chapters he had completed, which bore the working title The Poodle Springs Story, were subsequently published in Raymond Chandler Speaking (1962), a collection of excerpts from letters and unpublished writings. In 1988, on the occasion of the centenary of Chandler's birth, the crime writer Robert B. Parker was asked by the estate of Raymond Chandler to complete the novel.
Bruce Morcombe
Bruce David Morcombe OAM (born 1959) is an Australian child safety advocate.

Morcombe is arguably best known as the co-founder of the Daniel Morcombe Foundation, a non-profit organisation which he established with his wife Denise Morcombe in 2005 following the abduction and murder of their 13-year-old son Daniel Morcombe in December 2003.

Denise Morcombe
Denise Marie Morcombe OAM (née Beavis, born November 1960) is an Australian child safety advocate.

Morcombe is a co-founder of the Daniel Morcombe Foundation, a non-profit organisation which she established with her husband Bruce Morcombe in 2005 following the abduction and murder of their 13-year-old son Daniel Morcombe in December 2003.
The Bear season 4
The fourth season of the American comedy-drama television series The Bear premiered with all 10 episodes on June 25, 2025, on FX on Hulu. Christopher Storer and Joanna Calo return as showrunners for the season. Jeremy Allen White reprises his role as Carmy Berzatto, an award-winning chef who returns to his hometown of Chicago to manage the chaotic kitchen at his deceased brother's sandwich shop.

Ebon Moss-Bachrach, Ayo Edebiri, Lionel Boyce, Liza Colón-Zayas, Abby Elliott, Matty Matheson, and Edwin Lee Gibson return from the previous season as the supporting cast. In March 2024, FX renewed The Bear for a fourth season, which began filming with the third season in February 2024, and was completed in early 2025. The season premiered to positive reviews from critics, though reception was more muted than prior seasons.

The Bear season 3
The third season of the American comedy-drama television series The Bear premiered with all episodes on June 26, 2024, on FX on Hulu. Christopher Storer and Joanna Calo serve as showrunners for the season. FX renewed the series for a ten-episode third season in November 2023. Jeremy Allen White stars as Carmy Berzatto, an award-winning chef who returns to his hometown of Chicago to manage the chaotic kitchen at his deceased brother's sandwich shop.

Ebon Moss-Bachrach, Ayo Edebiri, Lionel Boyce, Liza Colón-Zayas, Abby Elliott, and Matty Matheson return from the previous season as the supporting cast. In November 2023, following the release of the second season, FX renewed The Bear for a third season, which began filming in February 2024 in Chicago. The season consists of ten episodes, and received positive reviews.
Leda (river)
Leda is a river in north-western Germany in the state of Lower Saxony.

The Leda is a right tributary of the Ems and originates at the confluence of the Sagter Ems and the Dreyschloot (a branch of the Soeste) near Barßel. The Leda flows into the Ems near the town of Leer. On the southern bank of the Leda, in the Overledingen Land (Overledingen="country over the Leda"), opposite Leer, lies the small settlement of Kloster Muhde (Muhde from the Old Frisian mutha meaning "(river) mouth"). The total length of the river is 24.2 kilometres (15.0 mi) (72.3 km (44.9 mi) including the source rivers Sagter Ems and Ohe).

The lower 1.85 kilometres (1.15 mi) until the port of Leer are navigable for large (Class Vb) ships, a further 7 km until the mouth of the Jümme for Class II ships and a further 16 km until the Elisabethfehnkanal are navigable but not classified.

In East Frisia the Sagter Ems, a headstream of the Leda, is also known as the Leda.

Sagter Ems
Sagter Ems is a river of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is formed at the confluence of the rivers Ohe and Marka west of Friesoythe. It is 28 km long. At its confluence with the Dreyschloot (a branch of the Soeste), the river Leda is formed. The Sagter Ems is known as the Leda in East Frisia.

The Sagter Ems is affected by the tide along the portion of its course up to Strücklingen.
Baorangia bicolor
Baorangia bicolor, also known as the two-colored bolete or red and yellow bolete after its two-tone coloring scheme, is a species of fungus in the genus Baorangia.

Its fruit body, the mushroom, is classed as medium or large in size, which helps distinguish it from the many similar appearing species that have a smaller stature. A deep blue/indigo bruising of the pore surface and a less dramatic bruising coloration change in the stem over a period of several minutes are identifying characteristics that distinguish it from the similar poisonous species Boletus sensibilis. There are also nonpoisonous similar species, and two varieties, var. borealis and var. subreticulatus.

Baorangia bicolor inhabits most of eastern North America, primarily east of the Rocky Mountains, and is in season during the summer and fall. It can also be found in China and Nepal. It is an edible mushroom.

Boletus sensibilis
Boletus sensibilis is a species of fungus in the  family Boletaceae. The species was first described scientifically by American mycologist Charles Horton Peck in 1879. This species is very similar to two other red boletes, Baorangia bicolor and Boletus pseudosensibilis.
Al-Sawafir al-Gharbiyya
Al-Sawafir al-Gharbiyya was a Palestinian Arab village in the Gaza Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1948 War on May 18, 1948, during the second stage of Operation Barak. It was located 30 km northeast of Gaza city. It was one of three namesake villages, alongside Al-Sawafir al-Sharqiyya and Al-Sawafir al-Shamaliyya.

Al-Sawafir al-Sharqiyya
Al-Sawafir al-Sharqiyya was a Palestinian Arab village in the Gaza Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1948 War on May 18, 1948, as part of the second stage of Operation Barak. The village was located 32 km northeast of Gaza. It is one of three namesake villages, alongside Al-Sawafir al-Gharbiyya and Al-Sawafir al-Shamaliyya.
Ki no Tsurayuki
Ki no Tsurayuki (紀 貫之; Japanese pronunciation: [kʲiꜜ no | tsɯ.ɾaꜜ.jɯ.kʲi, kʲi no tsɯ.ɾaꜜ.jɯ.kʲi], 872 – June 30, 945) was a Japanese author, poet and court noble of the Heian period. He is best known as the principal compiler of the Kokin Wakashū, also writing its Japanese Preface, and as a possible author of the Tosa Diary, although this was published anonymously. He is well known for his waka poetry and is counted as one of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals selected by Fujiwara no Kintō; his poetry was included also in the Hyakunin Isshu. As a courtier, he served as Governor of Tosa (930–935), Vice Governor of Kaga (917–923) and Vice Governor of Mino Province (918–923).

Tosa Nikki
The Tosa Nikki (土佐日記, Tosa Diary) is a poetic diary written anonymously by the tenth-century Japanese poet Ki no Tsurayuki. The text details a 55-day journey in 935 returning to Kyoto from Tosa province, where Tsurayuki had been the provincial governor.  The prose account of the journey is punctuated by Japanese poems, purported to have been composed on the spot by the characters.
Strathmore, New York
Strathmore is an unincorporated, Levitt & Sons-developed hamlet in the Town of North Hempstead in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States, within the census-designated place (CDP) of Manhasset.

Although presently considered part of the Manhasset CDP, Strathmore remains distinct from the other areas of the CDP, and the hamlet's name continues to be widely-used and accepted both socially and politically.

The hamlet, which consists of four large, Levitt-developed housing subdivisions, is also often referred to as The Strathmores.

The southern parts of Strathmore once attempted to incorporate as the Incorporated Village of Strathmore – but the proposal was voted down in a referendum vote. Because of the outcome of the referendum, all of Strathmore remains part of the unincorporated Manhasset CDP to this day.

North Hempstead, New York
North Hempstead (officially known as the Town of North Hempstead) is one of three towns in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 237,639 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the 7th most populous city or town in New York.