hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gagan Bulathsinghala
Air Chief Marshal Gagan Bulathsinghala (also known as Gagan Pulasthi Bulathsinghala) RWP, RSP, VSV, USP, MPhil (Def & Strat), MSc (Def Stud) in Mgt, FIM(SL) National Defence College, India, psc is a retired air officer and a former commander of the Sri Lanka Air Force. He has also held the position of Chief of the Air Staff and after his retirement on 12 September 2016, was appointed the Sri Lankan Ambassador to Afghanistan, a position he holds currently.

National Defence College (India)
The National Defence College, located in New Delhi, is a staff college and the highest seat of strategic learning for Defence Service and Civil Service officers. This is a very prestigious course attended only by a few hand-picked defence officers of One-Star rank and civil servants of the rank of Joint secretary to the Government of India. Each year, approximately 25 officers from friendly foreign countries like the US, UK, Canada, France, Germany, Australia, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Nepal, UAE and others attend the course.

This college provides strategic leadership to the Government of India in national and international security matters and also acts as a think tank on defence matters and holds a very important position in shaping up the Indian defence outlook.
Sibley–Ahlquist taxonomy of birds
The Sibley–Ahlquist taxonomy is a  bird taxonomy proposed by Charles Sibley and Jon E. Ahlquist. It is based on DNA–DNA hybridization studies conducted in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s.

DNA–DNA hybridization is among a class of comparative techniques in molecular biology that produce distance data (versus character data) and that can be analyzed to produce phylogenetic reconstructions only using phenetic tree-building algorithms.  In DNA–DNA hybridization, the percent similarity of DNA between two species is estimated by the reduction in hydrogen bonding between nucleotides of imperfectly complemented heteroduplex DNA (i.e., double stranded DNAs that are experimentally produced from single strands of two different species), compared with perfectly matched homoduplex DNA (both strands of DNA from the same species).

Charles Sibley
Charles Gald Sibley (August 7, 1917 – April 12, 1998) was an American ornithologist and molecular biologist. He had an immense influence on the scientific classification of birds, and the work that Sibley initiated has substantially altered our understanding of the evolutionary history of modern birds.

Sibley's taxonomy has been a major influence on the sequences adopted by ornithological organizations, especially the American Ornithologists' Union.
Damon Intrabartolo
Damon Intrabartolo (1974 – August 13, 2013) was an American composer, orchestrator and conductor. He attended the University of Southern California and departed before graduation to work as an assistant to John Ottman on The Usual Suspects. His most famous work is the musical Bare.

A resident of Los Angeles, California, he appeared in a 2001 documentary featuring six gay men attending the Burning Man festival, called On the Bus.

On August 13, 2013, Intrabartolo died suddenly in Arizona. He was 39 years old.

Bare: A Pop Opera
Bare, also known as Bare: A Pop Opera, is a coming-of-age sung-through musical with music by Damon Intrabartolo, lyrics by Jon Hartmere, and a book by Hartmere and Intrabartolo. The story focuses on a group of high school students and their struggles at their private Catholic boarding school.

The musical was later revised as Bare: The Musical.
Coko
Cheryl Elizabeth Gamble (formerly Clemons; born June 13, 1970), known professionally as Coko, is an American singer-songwriter best known as the lead singer of the R&B vocal trio Sisters With Voices (SWV). Aside from her R&B career, Gamble also has a solo gospel career. As a member of SWV, Coko has sold over 5.4 million albums worldwide, a further 6.5 million singles in the United States, and is a four-time Grammy Award nominee.

SWV
SWV (Sisters with Voices) is an American R&B vocal trio from New York City whose members are Cheryl "Coko" Gamble, Tamara "Taj" George, and Leanne "Lelee" Lyons. Formed in 1988 as a gospel group, SWV became one of the most successful R&B groups of the 1990s. They had a series of hits, including the Billboard Hot 100 number-one single "Weak", as well as the top-ten songs "Right Here (Human Nature Remix)", "I'm So into You", and "You're the One". The group disbanded in 1998 to pursue solo projects and reunited in 2005.
Sappaya-Sapasathan
Sappaya-Sapasathan (Thai: สัปปายะสภาสถาน, RTGS: Sappayasaphasathan, pronounced [sàp.pāː.já(ʔ).sā.pʰāː.sā.tʰǎːn]) is the third and current meeting place of the National Assembly of Thailand, the bicameral legislative branch of the Government of Thailand. It is located in Bangkok on the east bank of the Chao Phraya River in Kiakkai neighbourhood of the Dusit District. It is the world's largest parliament building with 424,000 m2 of floor space.

Once completed, Parliament House MRT station on MRT Purple Line will serve the area.

Dusit district
Dusit (Thai: ดุสิต, pronounced [dù(ʔ).sìt]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand.

The district is the administrative centre of the kingdom, as both the National Assembly and Dusit Palace are in the district, as are several ministries. It is connected to Rattanakosin Island by Ratchadamnoen Avenue (literally, 'royal way for travelling').

Neighbouring districts are, clockwise from north, Bang Sue, Phaya Thai, Ratchathewi, Pathum Wan, Pom Prap Sattru Phai, Phra Nakhon, and across the Chao Phraya River, Bang Phlat.
George Lloyd (archaeologist)
George Lloyd (1820 – 21 January 1885) was an English Anglican curate and archaeologist. He was the leading founding member of the Huddersfield Archaeological and Topographical Association, which became the Yorkshire Archaeological Society, and is now the Yorkshire Archaeological and Historical Society. The society was founded in 1863 for the purpose of funding and organising excavations at Slack Roman fort. The excavations were initially supervised and documented by Lloyd. In the 1860s and 1870s he was curate of Thurstonland in West Yorkshire, Trimdon in County Durham, Church Gresley in South Derbyshire and Cramlington in Northumberland. He was an outspoken man who once received an assassination threat, and this character trait may possibly explain why he was never ordained as a priest.

Yorkshire Archaeological and Historical Society
The Yorkshire Archaeological and Historical Society (YAHS), formerly known as the Yorkshire Archaeological Society, is a learned society and registered charity founded in 1863. It is dedicated to the study of the archaeology, history and people of the three Ridings of the historic county of Yorkshire. It publishes an annual journal, the Yorkshire Archaeological Journal; and, particularly through its Record Series, it also functions as a text publication society. Its headquarters are in Leeds.

The Society has seven special interest groups, such as the Family History or the Roman Antiquities sections. These may be joined without full membership of the main YAHS.
Hough-on-the-Hill
Hough-on-the-Hill is a village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish including Brandon was 399 at the 2011 census.  It is situated approximately 7 miles (11 km) due north from the market town of Grantham. The hamlets of Gelston and Brandon are part of the parish. Hough-on-the-Hill is on a significant rise, hence the name.

Brandon, Lincolnshire
Brandon is a small village in South Kesteven, south Lincolnshire, England, part of the civil parish of Hough-on-the-Hill (where the population is listed).

The village is also part of the ecclesiastical parish of Hough on the Hill, part of the Loveden Deanery of the Diocese of Lincoln. There is a chapel of ease dedicated to St John the Evangelist, linked to the main church at Hough.
.io
The Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) .io is nominally assigned to the British Indian Ocean Territory. The domain is managed by Internet Computer Bureau Ltd, a domain name registry, with registrar services provided by Name.com.

Top-level domain
A top-level domain (TLD) is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet after the root domain. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last non-empty label of a fully qualified domain name. For example, in the domain name www.example.com, the top-level domain is .com. Responsibility for management of most top-level domains is delegated to specific organizations by the ICANN, an Internet multi-stakeholder community, which operates the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), and is in charge of maintaining the DNS root zone.
Bréguet 20 Leviathan
The Bréguet Leviathan was a family of large all-metal biplane aircraft built in France in the early 1920s. The Bréguet XX and XXI were notable for being powered by Bréguet-Bugatti multiple engines, in two forms. The Bréguet XXI was powered by individual Bréguet-Bugatti U.16 engines initially and Lorraine-Dietrich 8b engines in tandem later. The Bréguet XXII had accommodation for about twenty passengers and was destroyed during a 1923 transport aircraft competition. Development of all three aircraft types was halted largely due to technical issues with power-plants and aircraft structure.

Bugatti U-16
The Bugatti U-16 was a 16-cylinder water-cooled double-8 vertical in-line "U engine", designed by Ettore Bugatti in 1915 to 1916 and built in France in small numbers. The US Bolling Commission bought a license to build the engine in the US, and small numbers of a slightly revised version were built by the Duesenberg Motor Corporation as the King-Bugatti. Probably about 40 King-Bugattis were made before the end of World War I caused building contracts to be canceled.
Babli project
The Babli project / barrage is a controversial reservoir project being constructed by Maharashtra across the river Godavari, disputed by Telangana. The Supreme Court of India delivered a ruling after seven years in favour of Maharashtra with the Andhra Pradesh government expected to appeal against it.

Sriram Sagar Project
The Sriram Sagar Project is also known as the Pochampadu Project is an Indian flood-flow project on the Godavari. The Project is located in Nizamabad district, 3 km away from National Highway 44. It has been described by The Hindu as a "lifeline for a large part of Telangana".

Sriramsagar is an irrigation project across river Godavari in Telangana to serve irrigational needs in Karimnagar, Warangal, Adilabad, Nizamabad, and Khammam districts. It also provides drinking water to Warangal city. There is a hydroelectric plant working at the dam site, with 4 turbines each with 9 MW capacity generating 36 MW.
Te Deum Laudamus (Sullivan)
Arthur Sullivan's Te Deum Laudamus—A Thanksgiving for Victory, usually known as the Boer War Te Deum, is a choral work composed by Sullivan in the last few months of his life.  It was commissioned on behalf of Dean and Chapter of London's St. Paul's Cathedral by the cathedral's organist, Sir George Martin, as part of a grand service to celebrate the expected British victory in the Second Boer War.

The Boer War Te Deum was first performed at St. Paul's Cathedral on 8 June 1902, eight days after the official ending of the war, and 18 months after the deaths of both Sullivan and Queen Victoria. The piece was composed for chorus, brass, strings and organ, and features as a recurring theme the melody of Sullivan's hymn tune "St. Gertrude", his setting for "Onward Christian Soldiers."

Onward, Christian Soldiers
"Onward, Christian Soldiers" is a 19th-century English hymn. The words were written by Sabine Baring-Gould in 1865, and the music was composed by Arthur Sullivan in 1871. Sullivan named the tune "St Gertrude," after the wife of his friend Ernest Clay Ker Seymer, at whose country home he composed the tune. The Salvation Army adopted the hymn as its favoured processional.  The piece became Sullivan's most popular hymn.  The hymn's theme is taken from references in the New Testament to the Christian being a soldier for Christ, for example II Timothy 2:3 (KJV): "Thou therefore endure hardness, as a good soldier of Jesus Christ."
Ian Urbina
Ian Urbina (born March 29, 1972) is an American investigative reporter who has written for a variety of outlets, including The New York Times and The Atlantic. Urbina is the author of The New York Times bestseller The Outlaw Ocean and founder of a journalism nonprofit, The Outlaw Ocean Project.

The Outlaw Ocean
The Outlaw Ocean: Journeys Across the Last Untamed Frontier (also published as The Outlaw Ocean: Crime and Survival in the Last Untamed Frontier) is a 2019 book by Ian Urbina about crime and extralegal activity in international waters. The book was based on an investigate journalism series Urbina wrote for The New York Times. Topics covered include illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, modern slavery and violent crime committed at sea, as well of the work of organisations, governments and companies in international waters. The book was critically acclaimed.
Kaylia Nemour
Kaylia Nemour (Arabic: كيليا نمور, romanized: Kailiya Numur; born 30 December 2006) is an Algerian artistic gymnast. She is the 2024 Olympic champion on the uneven bars and the first gymnast from any African nation to win an Olympic medal. At the 2023 World Championships, she became the first African gymnast to win a medal at the World Championships, winning silver on the uneven bars. She is the 2023 African all-around champion. At the 2025 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, she won a gold medal on uneven bars, a silver medal on balance beam and came in fourth all-around.

2023 African Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 2023 African Artistic Gymnastics Championships was the 17th iteration of the event. It took place on 26–27 May in Pretoria, South Africa. The competition served as qualification for the 2023 World Championships.
John Bird, Baron Bird
John Anthony Bird, Baron Bird MBE (born 30 January 1946), is a British social entrepreneur and life peer. He is best known as the co-founder of The Big Issue, a magazine edited by professional journalists and sold by street vendors who are largely homeless or vulnerably housed. Bird sits as an independent crossbench member of the House of Lords.

The Big Issue
The Big Issue is a United Kingdom–based street newspaper founded by John Bird and Gordon Roddick in September 1991 and published in four continents. The Big Issue is one of the UK's leading social businesses and exists to offer homeless people, or individuals at risk of homelessness, the opportunity to earn a legitimate income, thereby helping them to reintegrate into mainstream society. It is the world's most widely circulated street newspaper.
Mikaele Pesamino
Mikaele Pesamino (born 2 April 1984) is a rugby union player in the Samoa Sevens team. He was the highest point scorer in the 2009–2010 IRB Sevens World Series helping his country in securing their first World Series crown and was awarded the 2010 IRB World Rugby Sevens Player of the Year.

2009–10 IRB Sevens World Series
The 2009–10 IRB Sevens World Series was the eleventh of an annual series of rugby union sevens tournaments for full national sides run by the International Rugby Board since 1999–2000. Samoa won the IRB Sevens World Series crown for their first time.

Sevens is traditionally played in a two-day tournament format. However, the most famous event, the Hong Kong Sevens, is played over three days, largely because it involves 24 teams instead of the normal 16.

The 2009-10 Series was won by Samoa, who won four of the eight tournaments and placed second in two others. Samoa were led by top try-scorer Mikaele Pesamino, who led the Series with 56 tries.
Farrukh Zokirov
Farrukh Karimovich Zokirov (Uzbek: Фаррух Каримович (Карим ўғли) Зокиров, [fæˈrux kæˈrɯməvʲɪt͡ɕ (kæˈrɯm oˈɣlɯ) zɑˈkɯrəf], Russian: Фарру́х Кари́мович Заки́ров, born 16 April 1946) is an Uzbek and Soviet singer, composer and actor. He has been artistic director of folk rock band Yalla since 1976. Zokirov has been voted People's Artist in six states of the republic, and he is a laureate of the State Prize of Uzbekistan. From May 2002 to July 2004, he was deputy minister of the Ministry of Culture and Sports of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Botir Zokirov
Botir Zokirov (Uzbek: Ботир Карим; 26 April 1936 – 23 January 1985) was a Soviet–Uzbek singer, writer, poet, painter and actor. A People's artist of Uzbekistan, Zokirov is considered to be the founder of Uzbek pop music.
Rectocele
In gynecology, a rectocele (/ˈrɛktəsiːl/ REK-tə-seel) or posterior vaginal wall prolapse results when the rectum bulges (herniates) into the vagina. Two common causes of this defect are childbirth and hysterectomy. Rectocele also tends to occur with other forms of pelvic organ prolapse, such as enterocele, sigmoidocele and cystocele.

Although the term applies most often to this condition in females, males can also develop it. Rectoceles in men are uncommon, and associated with prostatectomy.

Pelvic organ prolapse
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is characterized by descent of pelvic organs from their normal positions into the vagina. In women, the condition usually occurs when the pelvic floor collapses after gynecological cancer treatment, childbirth or heavy lifting. Injury incurred to fascia membranes and other connective structures can result in cystocele, rectocele or both. Treatment can involve dietary and lifestyle changes, physical therapy, or surgery.
Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program
The Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program (TTCSP) was an academic, non-profit program based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that operated from 1989 to 2021. TTCSP was originally established at the Foreign Policy Research Institute (itself a think tank) in 1989; in 2008 it moved to become part of the International Relations Program and the Lauder Institute at the University of Pennsylvania. The program's director was James McGann; and at times it had hundreds of interns and staff working on its projects. The program conducted research on policy institutes around the world, published surveys, rankings and guides, and maintained a database of over 11,000 think tanks from across the world.

James McGann
James G. McGann (1955–2021) was an American academic who was a Senior Lecturer in International Studies, Founder and Director of the Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program at the Lauder Institute at the University of Pennsylvania and a senior fellow at the Foreign Policy Research Institute, both in Philadelphia.

McGann was the author of numerous publications, including the renowned annual Global Go To Think Tank Index which ranks think tanks in all regions of the world. His most recent book was "Think Tanks: The New Knowledge and Policy Brokers in Asia" published by the Brookings Institution Press.

He died on November 29, 2021.
1 Reichspfennig (World War II German coin)
The zinc 1 Reichspfennig coin was minted by Nazi Germany between 1940 and 1945 during World War II, replacing the bronze version. It was worth 1⁄100 Reichsmark. Made entirely of zinc, the 1 Reichspfennig is an emergency issue type, similar to the zinc 5 and 10 Reichspfennig, and the aluminium 50 Reichspfennig coins from the same period.

Reichsmark
The Reichsmark (German: [ˈʁaɪçsˌmaʁk] ⓘ; sign: ℛ︁ℳ︁; abbreviation: RM) was the currency of Germany from 1924 until the fall of Nazi Germany in 1945, and in the American, British and French occupied zones of Germany, until 20 June 1948. The Reichsmark was then replaced by the Deutsche Mark, to become the currency of West Germany and then all of Germany after the 1990 reunification. The Reichsmark was used in the Soviet occupation zone in Germany until 23 June 1948, where it was replaced by the East German mark. The Reichsmark was subdivided into 100 Reichspfennig (Rpf or ℛ︁₰). The mark is an ancient Germanic weight measure, traditionally a half pound, later used for several coins; Reich ('realm') comes from the official name for the German state from 1871 to 1945, Deutsches Reich.
Alexis Massol González
Alexis Massol González is a civil engineer and environmentalist from Puerto Rico. He graduated in civil engineering in  University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez in 1965 and was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize in 2002 for his efforts on the protection of Puerto Rico's mountain forests due to threats from mining interests. In 1980 he and his wife Tinti Deyá Díaz established Casa Pueblo, a non-profit environmental watchdog community-based organization in Adjuntas. One of the organization's achievements was protecting the forest surrounding their town by establishing Bosque del Pueblo in 1996. It was the first community-managed forest in Puerto Rico. A book he authored, Casa Pueblo: A Puerto Rican Model of Self-Governance, published in 2022, "offers a chronological account of Casa Pueblo’s evolution from a small group of concerned citizens to an internationally recognized model for activism."

Casa Pueblo
Casa Pueblo is an environmental community organization in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico, headed by Alexis Massol-González, a civil engineer and winner of the 2002 Goldman Environmental Prize. His son, Arturo Massol Deyá, a professor of Microbiology and Ecology at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, is the assistant executive director of Casa Pueblo.

Through voluntary participation of individuals and groups, its mission is to explore, enjoy, and protect the wild places in Puerto Rico; to practice and promote the responsible use of the land's ecosystems and resources; to educate and enlist others to protect and restore the quality of the natural and human environment; and to use all lawful means to carry out these objectives, particularly in line with principles of radical democracy, community self-management, and anti-colonialism.
Pinguicula
Pinguicula, commonly known as butterworts, is a genus of carnivorous flowering plants in the family Lentibulariaceae. They use sticky, glandular leaves to lure, trap, and digest insects in order to supplement the poor mineral nutrition they obtain from the environment. 126 species are currently accepted. 13 are native to Europe, 9 to North America, and some to northern Asia. The largest number of species is in South and Central America.

Lentibulariaceae
Lentibulariaceae is a family of carnivorous plants containing three genera: Genlisea, the corkscrew plants; Pinguicula, the butterworts; and Utricularia, the bladderworts.

The genera Polypompholyx (two species of pink petticoats or fairy aprons) and Biovularia used to be regarded as fourth and fifth members of this family. Biovularia has been subsumed into Utricularia, and Polypompholyx has been relegated to a subgenus of Utricularia. Placement of the family used to be in the Scrophulariales, which has been merged with Lamiales in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system.
Francisco de la Lastra
General Francisco de la Lastra y de la Sotta (Latin American Spanish: [fɾanˈsisko ðe la ˈlastɾa]; October 4, 1777 – May 13, 1852) was a Chilean military officer and the first Supreme Director of Chile (1814).

Supreme Director of Chile
The supreme director of Chile was the head of state and government of Chile in the periods of 1814 and 1817-1826.

The first supreme director was Francisco de la Lastra, but before him Antonio José de Irisarri had served for 7 days as interim supreme director, the last person to hold the title was Ramón Freire.