hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pure spinor
In the domain of mathematics known as representation theory, pure spinors (or simple spinors) are spinors that are annihilated, under the Clifford algebra representation, by a maximal isotropic subspace of a vector space  with respect to a scalar product .  
They were introduced by Élie Cartan in the 1930s and further developed by Claude Chevalley.

They are a key ingredient in the study of spin structures and higher dimensional generalizations of twistor theory, introduced by Roger Penrose in the 1960s. 
They have been applied to the study of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in 10D, superstrings, generalized complex structures
  and  parametrizing solutions of integrable hierarchies.

Generalized complex structure
In the field of mathematics known as differential geometry, a generalized complex structure is a property of a differential manifold that includes as special cases a complex structure and a symplectic structure. Generalized complex structures were introduced by Nigel Hitchin in 2002 and further developed by his students Marco Gualtieri and Gil Cavalcanti.

These structures first arose in Hitchin's program of characterizing geometrical structures via functionals of differential forms, a connection which formed the basis of Robbert Dijkgraaf, Sergei Gukov, Andrew Neitzke and Cumrun Vafa's 2004 proposal that topological string theories are special cases of a topological M-theory. Today generalized complex structures also play a leading role in physical string theory, as supersymmetric flux compactifications, which relate 10-dimensional physics to 4-dimensional worlds like ours, require (possibly twisted) generalized complex structures.
Kawareʻ
Kawareʻ (Arabic: كوارع) is an Egyptian dish made from slow-cooked cow trotters, resulting in a rich and gelatinous soup. It is a delicacy cherished for its deep flavors and is often enjoyed during festive occasions, either as a soup or the trotters can be removed from the broth and served with fatta.

Cow's trotter
A cow's trotters is the culinary term for the foot of cattle. The cuts are used in various dishes around the world, especially in Asian, African, French, and the Caribbean cuisine. Latin American cuisine also uses cow's trotters for several traditional dishes.

Other than cattle, the trotters of other ungulates such as goat, sheep and pig might also be consumed and used in certain dish of some cuisines' tradition.
Zeta Hydrae
Zeta Hydrae (ζ Hya, ζ Hydrae) is a solitary star in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. This is a generally faint constellation, so, at an apparent visual magnitude of +3.10, this is the third-brightest member after Alphard and Gamma Hydrae.

Epsilon Hydrae
Epsilon Hydrae (ε Hydrae, abbreviated Epsilon Hya, ε Hya) is a multiple star system of a combined third magnitude in the constellation of Hydra. Based upon parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is located roughly 129 light-years (40 parsecs) distant from the Sun.

The system consists of a binary pair designated Epsilon Hydrae AB, whose two components are themselves designated Epsilon Hydrae A (formally named Ashlesha /ɑːʃˈleɪʃə/) and B,  orbited by a spectroscopic binary designated Epsilon Hydrae C.  A possible fourth component, designated Epsilon Hydrae D, shares a common proper motion with the other components and thus is most likely a gravitationally-bound member of the system.
Daniel Martin Murphy
Daniel Martin Murphy Sr. (January 17, 1826 – October 22, 1882) was a Canadian-born American rancher, farmer, landowner and an early settler in California. He was one of the wealthiest property owners in the United States during his lifetime, with ownership of Rancho Refugio de la Laguna Seca (near present-day Morgan Hill, California), a ranch in Durango, Mexico, and a ranch in Elko, Nevada. He co-founded the mining town of Murphys, California.

Murphys, California
Murphys, originally Murphys New Diggings then Murphy's Camp, is an unincorporated village located in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains in Calaveras County, California, United States. The population was 1,995 at the 2020 census, down from 2,213 at the 2010 census.

A former gold mining settlement, the main street today is lined with over two dozen wine tasting rooms and surrounded by local vineyards. Nearby attractions include Calaveras Big Trees State Park, Bear Valley Ski Resort and historic Mercer Caverns. The world's largest crystalline gold leaf is displayed just south of town at Ironstone Vineyards. The town also hosts an annual Irish Day parade and street fair every March on Main Street, with some years seeing over 35,000 people in attendance.
Media/Wawa Line
The Media/Wawa Line is a SEPTA Regional Rail service that runs from Center City Philadelphia west to Wawa in Delaware County. It uses the West Chester Branch, which connects with the SEPTA Main Line at 30th Street Station. Under the Pennsylvania Railroad, service continued to West Chester, Pennsylvania. On September 19, 1986, service was truncated to Elwyn.

On August 21, 2022, service was restored to Wawa Station, 3 miles (4.8 km) west of the Elwyn station. As of 2022, most inbound Media/Wawa Line trains continue onto the Manayunk/Norristown and Fox Chase lines.

West Chester Branch
The West Chester Branch is a railway line in southeastern Pennsylvania. At its fullest extent, it connected with the Philadelphia–Washington Main Line (Northeast Corridor) at Arsenal Junction near the University of Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia-Chicago Main Line near Frazer, Pennsylvania. It was part of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) system (and later Penn Central) until the formation of Conrail in 1976. Today, SEPTA operates the Media/Wawa Line commuter service west to Wawa Station, while the West Chester Railroad heritage railway operates between West Chester station and Glen Mills.
Dennis Showalter
Dennis Edwin Showalter (February 12, 1942 – December 30, 2019) was a professor emeritus of history at Colorado College. Showalter specialized in German military history. He was president of the American Society for Military History from 1997 to 2001. In addition, Showalter was an advising fellow of the Barsanti Military History Center at the University of North Texas.

Society for Military History
The Society for Military History is a United States–based international organization of scholars who research, write, and teach military history of all time periods and places. It includes naval history, air power history, and studies of technology, ideas, and homefronts.  It publishes the quarterly refereed The Journal of Military History.
ODB (wrestler)
Jessica Nora Kresa (born June 6, 1978) is an American professional wrestler better known as ODB (One Dirty Bitch). Best known for her time in TNA Wrestling, she is a four-time TNA Women's Knockout Champion, and a one-time TNA Knockouts Tag Team Champion.

TNA Knockouts World Championship
The TNA Knockouts World Championship is a women's professional wrestling world championship owned by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). The championship debuted on October 14, 2007, at the Bound for Glory pay-per-view (PPV) event and the inaugural champion was Gail Kim. Arianna Grace is the current champion in her first reign. She won the title by defeating Léi Yǐng Lee at No Surrender in Nashville, Tennessee, on February 13, 2026.
Tennessee State Route 22
State Route 22 (SR 22) is a 172.8-mile-long (278.1 km) south-to-north state highway in the western part of Tennessee, United States. It begins at the Mississippi state line in McNairy County, where the roadway continues as Mississippi Highway 2 (MS 2). It ends at the Kentucky state line in Lake County, when it crosses into the Kentucky Bend, a detached portion of Fulton County, Kentucky.
The monument for the 1862 Battle of Island Number Ten in the American Civil War is located on SR 22, about 3 mi (4.8 km) north of Tiptonville.

McNairy County, Tennessee
McNairy County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,866. The county seat and largest city is Selmer. McNairy County is located along Tennessee's border with the state of Mississippi.

Sheriff Buford Pusser, whose story was told in the Walking Tall series of movies, was the sheriff of McNairy County from 1964 to 1970.

McNairy County is the location of the Coon Creek Science Center, a notable fossil site that preserves Late Cretaceous marine shells and vertebrate remains (such as mosasaurs).

The postwar musical environment of the county played a pivotal role in the development of popular music. Influential disc jockey Dewey Phillips  hailed from Adamsville, Tennessee. Carl Perkins made the first recordings of his career in the home studio of Stanton Littlejohn at Eastview, Tennessee. Perkins and Elvis Presley had their first meeting at one of Presley's earliest road performances in Bethel Springs, Tennessee.
Nicolas Ortíz
Nicolas Ortíz (born 9 May 1952) is a Puerto Rican boxer. He competed in the men's welterweight event at the 1972 Summer Olympics. At the 1972 Summer Olympics, he lost to Ib Bøtcher of Denmark. At the 1972 Summer Olympics, he lost to Ib Bøtcher of Denmark.

Ib Bøtcher
Ib Bøtcher (born 21 July 1952) is a Danish boxer. He competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics. At the 1972 Summer Olympics, he defeated Nicolas Ortíz of Puerto Rico, before losing to John Rodgers of Ireland.
Pir Muhammad (son of Umar Shaikh)
Pir Muhammad Mirza (c. 1379 – 8 May 1409) was a Timurid prince and a grandson of the Central Asian conqueror Timur by his eldest son Umar Shaikh Mirza I.

Following his father's death in 1394, Pir Muhammad was appointed to succeed him as governor of Fars. Unlike many of his relatives, Pir Muhammad did not assert a claim to the throne in the aftermath of Timur's death in 1405. Instead, he consolidated and maintained the position that he had been granted by his grandfather. He was assassinated by his own soldiers while campaigning in 1409.

Umar Shaikh Mirza I
Mu'iz-ud-din Umar Shaikh Mirza (Persian: عمر شیخ میرزا; 1356 – February 1394) was a member of the Timurid dynasty and a son of its founder, the Central Asian conqueror Timur. Known for being a skilled soldier, Umar Shaikh was one of Timur's military commanders and also served as a regional governor. He died in 1394, predeceasing his father by over a decade.
Chisholm Trail
The Chisholm Trail (/ˈtʃɪzəm/ CHIZ-əm) was a stock trail and wagon route used in the post-Civil War era to drive cattle overland from ranches in southern Texas, across the Red River into Indian Territory, and northward to rail stops in Kansas. The trail consisted of a pathway established by Black Beaver in 1861 and a wagon road established by Jesse Chisholm around 1864. "The Chisholm Wagon Road went from Chisholm's trading post on the south Canadian River (north of Fort Arbuckle) to the Cimarron River crossing, to the Arkansas River at the future site of Wichita where Chisholm had another trading post and on north to Abilene," according to the Kraisingers. By 1869, the entire trail from Texas to Kansas became known as the Chisholm Trail.

Droving
Droving is the practice of walking livestock over long distances. It is a type of herding, often associated with cattle, in which case it is a cattle drive (particularly in the US). Droving stock to market—usually on foot and often with the aid of dogs—has a very long history. An owner might entrust an agent to deliver stock to market and bring back the proceeds. There has been droving since people in cities found it necessary to source food from distant supplies.
SCCA National Sports Car Championship
The SCCA National Sports Car Championship was a sports car racing series organized by the Sports Car Club of America from 1951 until 1964.  It was the first post-World War II sports car series organized in the United States.  An amateur championship, it was eventually replaced by the professional United States Road Racing Championship and the amateur American Road Race of Champions, which continues to this day as the SCCA National Championship Runoffs.

SCCA National Championship Runoffs
The SCCA National Championship Runoffs is the end-of-year championship race meeting for Sports Car Club of America Club Racing competitors.  Divisional champions and other top drivers from the SCCA's 116 regions are invited to participate at the Runoffs.  National championships are awarded to the winners of each class.

The Runoffs is regarded as the "Olympics of Amateur Road Racing."
Bryn Rovers A.F.C.
Bryn Rovers A.F.C. is a Welsh football club based in Brynamman, Wales. The first team currently plays in the Neath League Premier Division.

The club has competed in the Welsh Cup in 2021–22, 2022–23, 2024–25 and 2025–26. They went out in the qualifying rounds every time.

The club were champions of the Neath & District League in the 2022–23 season, gaining promotion to the West Wales Premier League.

In November 2024 they parted company with manager Dan Williams, after a disappointing start to the season. However their form failed to improve, and they were relegated at the end of the 2024–25 season.

Neath & District League
The Neath & District League is a football league in South Wales. The league consists of five divisions, named the Premier Division, Division One, Two, Three, and Four. The Premier Division is a feeder to the West Wales Premier League, and therefore sits at level 5 of the Welsh football league system.

The last team to be promoted from this league was Llandarcy in 2025, who joined the tier four West Wales Premier League.
Springfield Gardens, Queens
Springfield Gardens is a neighborhood in the southeastern area of the New York City borough of Queens, bounded to the north by St. Albans, to the east by Laurelton and Rosedale, to the south by John F. Kennedy International Airport, and to the west by Farmers Boulevard. The neighborhood is served by Queens Community Board 12. The area, particularly east of Springfield Boulevard, is sometimes also referred to as Brookville.

Rosedale, Queens
Rosedale is a neighborhood in New York City in the southeastern portion of the borough of Queens. The neighborhood, located along the southern part of Queens, borders Nassau County.

Rosedale is located in Queens Community District 13 and its ZIP Code is 11422. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 116th Precinct.
Pâtisserie
A pâtisserie (French: [pɑtisʁi]; pasticceria in Italian; pastry shop or patisserie in English) is a type of bakery that specializes in pastries and sweets. In French, the word pâtisserie also denotes a pastry as well as pastry-making.

While the making and selling of pastries may often be only one part of the activity of a bakery, in some countries pâtisserie or its equivalents are legally controlled titles which may only be used by bakeries that employ a licensed "master pastry chef" (French: maître pâtissier; Dutch: meester banketbakker; German: Konditormeister). For example, in France and Belgium, the maître pâtissier is a pastry chef who has completed a lengthy training process, typically an apprenticeship, and passed a written examination.

Bakery
A bakery (also known as a bakehouse, baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based baked goods made in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, doughnuts, bagels, pastries, and pies. Some retail bakeries are also categorized as cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises. In some countries, a distinction is made between bakeries, which primarily sell breads, and pâtisseries, which primarily sell sweet baked goods.
Brazos River
The Brazos River (/ˈbræzəs/ ⓘ BRAZ-əs, Spanish: [ˈbɾasos]), called the Río de los Brazos de Dios (translated as "The River of the Arms of God") by early Spanish explorers, is the 14th-longest river in the United States at 1,280 miles (2,060 km) from its headwater source at the head of Blackwater Draw, Roosevelt County, New Mexico to its mouth at the Gulf of Mexico with a 45,000-square-mile (116,000 km2) drainage basin.

The river is closely associated with Texas history, particularly the Austin settlement and Texas Revolution eras. Today major Texas institutions such as Texas Tech University, Baylor University, and Texas A&M University are located close to the river's basin, as are parts of metropolitan Houston.

Salt Fork Brazos River
The Salt Fork Brazos River is a braided, highly intermittent stream about 150 mi (240 km) long, heading along the edge of the Llano Estacado about 26 mi (42 km) east-southeast of Lubbock, Texas.  From its source, it flows generally east-southeastward to join the Double Mountain Fork to form the Brazos River about 18 mi (29 km) west-northwest of Haskell, Texas.  The Salt Fork stretches across portions of Crosby, Garza, Kent, and Stonewall counties of West Texas.
Lawrence T. Morgan
Lawrence T. Morgan is the former Speaker of the Navajo Nation Tribal Council.

He was first elected in January 2003 by then the 20th Navajo Nation Council. Current Navajo law requires a speaker to serve two years per term. He was re-elected in 2005 to a second term, and in January 2007 he was elected to a third consecutive term, defeating fellow councilman Harold Wauneka of Fort Defiance, Arizona. In January 2009 he was once again re-elected to lead the Navajo Nation Council, after beating fellow council member Leonard Tsosie (Whitehorse Lake/Torreon/Counselor).

Navajo Nation Council
The Navajo Nation Council (Navajo: Béésh bąąh dah siʼání) is the Legislative Branch of the Navajo Nation government. The council meets four times per year, with additional special sessions, at the Navajo Nation Council Chamber, which is in Window Rock, Arizona.

The council is composed of 24 district delegates, or councilors, chosen by direct election, who represent 110 municipal chapters within the states of Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. Delegates must be members of the Navajo Nation and be at least twenty-five years of age. Delegate offices are at the Navajo Nation governmental campus in Window Rock.

The council selects a speaker, chosen from among all delegates, to preside over the day-to-day functions of the council for a two-year term.
Sauerland-Express
The Sauerland-Express RE 17 is a Regional-Express service in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, running from Hagen to Warburg (Westf). It is managed by the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (Rhine-Ruhr Transport Association), the Verkehrsgemeinschaft Ruhr-Lippe (Ruhr-Lippe Transport Company, VRL), the Nahverkehrsverbund Paderborn-Höxter (Paderborn-Höxter Local Transport Association, nph) and the Nordhessischer Verkehrsverbund (North Hessian Transport Association, NVV). It is operated by DB Regio NRW with Pesa Link electric multiple units (class 633).

The operation of the service from December 2016 was awarded as part of the Sauerland Net (Sauerland-Netz). Previously the line had been operated by DB Regio under a directly awarded contract.

Warburg station
The Warburg station (German: Bahnhof Warburg (Westfalen) or Bf Warburg (Westf)) is located on the north-eastern edge of the German town of Warburg.

The station was built in 1852 and 1853. Warburg and Minden stations are the last stations from the early railway history of the Prussian province of Westphalia that are still in their original form as island stations (Inselbahnhöfen), with the station entrance buildings located between the tracks.
Rang Laaga
Rang Laaga (Urdu: رنگ لاگا) is a 2015 Pakistani drama serial that originally aired on ARY Digital from 11 March 2015 to 4 November 2015, airing a total 34 episodes. It was directed by Anjum Shahzad and written by Sana Fahad. The drama stars Saima Noor, Faisal Qureshi, Neelam Muneer and Saboor Ali in pivot roles. At the annual 15th Lux Style Awards, Rang Laaga received five nominations, including Best TV Play for Fahad Mustafa and Ali Kazmi, Best TV Actor for Qureshi, Best TV Actress for Noor, Best Director for Shehzad, and Best Writer for Fahad.

Faysal Quraishi
Faysal Quraishi (Urdu: فیصل قریشی; born on 26 October 1973) is a Pakistani actor and television host. He is one of Pakistan's highest-paid actors. He is the recipient of more than 20 nationally recognised awards. He first gained recognition for playing the leading role of Boota in the television series Boota from Toba Tek Singh (1999) and has been a part of more than 200 projects. Quraishi hosted a morning show called Muskurati Morning with Faisal Qureshi from 2010 to 2014 on TV One. From 2016 to 2019, he hosted the morning show Salam Zindagi on ARY Zindagi. He was also the host of a game show called Jeet Ka Dum on Hum TV and is currently hosting another game show, Khush Raho Pakistan, on BOL TV.
Sarnoff Mountains
Sarnoff Mountains (77°10′S 145°0′W﻿ / ﻿77.167°S 145.000°W﻿ / -77.167; -145.000﻿ (Sarnoff Mountains)) is a range of mountains, 251 nautical miles (465 km; 289 mi) long and 4 to 8 nautical miles (7.4 to 14.8 km; 4.6 to 9.2 mi) wide separating the west-flowing Boyd Glacier and Arthur Glacier in the Ford Ranges of Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica.

Sulzberger Ice Shelf
Sulzberger Ice Shelf (77°00′S 148°00′W﻿ / ﻿77.000°S 148.000°W﻿ / -77.000; -148.000﻿ (Sulzberger Ice Shelf)) is an ice shelf about 85 nautical miles (157 km; 98 mi) long and 50 nautical miles (93 km; 58 mi) wide bordering the coast of Marie Byrd Land between Edward VII Peninsula and Guest Peninsula in Antarctica.
Scolomys
Scolomys is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of the family Cricetidae. Some evidence suggests that it is related to Zygodontomys. It is characterized, among other traits, by spiny fur. It contains two species, S. melanops and S. ucayalensis.

Scolomys ucayalensis
Scolomys ucayalensis, also known as the long-nosed scolomys or Ucayali spiny mouse is a nocturnal rodent species from South America. It is part of the genus Scolomys within the tribe Oryzomyini. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru in various different habitats in the Amazon rainforest.
Blue House Field
Blue House Field was a football ground in the Hendon area of Sunderland, England. It was the original home of Sunderland A.F.C hosting the club between 1880 and 1881. It hosted rivals Sunderland Albion F.C. between 1888 and 1892. While the home of Sunderland Albion, Blue House Field hosted matches in the Football Alliance and the FA Cup.

Sunderland Albion F.C.
Sunderland Albion Football Club was an English association football club based in Sunderland, England, formed in 1888. The club played in the Football Alliance, a rival to the Football League, before disbanding in 1892.
Nicola King
Nicola King (also Blackstock and De Souza) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Emmerdale. She has been played by Nicola Wheeler since she joined the soap in 2001. Wheeler left the role in January 2006, with her on-screen departure airing in March. In July 2007, it was announced that Wheeler had chosen to return to the soap eighteen months later and Nicola made her return on 12 September 2007. Wheeler took maternity leave throughout 2015, which was woven into the soap as Nicola departing temporarily on 26 March 2015, to work in Dubai for six months. She made a brief appearance on the soap on 7 May 2015, via webcam, and then made her full-time return on 11 November 2015, when she returned from Dubai due to an incident that happened there.

Rodney Blackstock
Rodney Blackstock is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Emmerdale, played by Patrick Mower. He made his first appearance during the episode broadcast on 24 October 2000. He was introduced as the estranged father of Bernice Blackstock (Samantha Giles), with his backstory involving him leaving her at five years old. Rodney has been described as an "ageing lothario" who enjoys wine, money and the company of women. In 2012, he was ranked within What's on TV's top 100 British soap characters of all time.