hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dhulbahante
The Dhulbahante, (Somali: Dhulbahante, Arabic: الدلبهانتة) are a Somali sub-clan, part of the Harti branch of the larger Darod clan. They primary reside in and around their traditional territories of Nugaal, as well as Doollo. The clan's progenitor is buried at Badweyn.

Harti
Harti (Somali: Harti) is a Somali clan that traces its lineage back to Saleh Abdi Harti. They are a sub-clan of the larger Darod clan. Notable sub-clans within Harti include the Majeerteen, Warsengeli, Dishishe, and the Dhulbahante. They predominantly reside in the apex of the Horn of Africa and its surrounding regions. Furthermore, in the southern territories, the clan's settlements span both sides of the Kenya-Somalia border.
Alexander Mackay (British Army officer)
General Alexander Mackay (1717 – 31 May 1789) was a Scottish soldier in the British Army, and a politician.  The son of George Mackay, 3rd Lord Reay, he was the younger brother of George Mackay of Skibo (c.1715–1782).

George Mackay of Skibo
George Mackay of Skibo  (c. 1715 – 25 June 1782) was a Scottish lawyer, soldier and politician. He fought for the British Government during the Jacobite rising of 1745 and was later a Member of Parliament.
Colorado State Highway 157
State Highway 157 (SH 157) is a 4.530-mile-long (7.3 km) state highway in Boulder, Colorado. SH 157 is also known as Foothills Parkway in Boulder's city street naming system. SH 157's southern terminus is at U.S. Route 36 (US 36) in Boulder, and the northern terminus is at SH 119 in Boulder.

Colorado State Highway 119
State Highway 119 (SH 119) is a 63.7-mile-long (102.5 km) state highway in north central Colorado. It extends in a southwest to northeast direction, from a junction with U.S. Route 6 (US 6) in Clear Creek Canyon between Golden and Idaho Springs to a junction with Interstate 25 (I-25) east of Longmont.
The southwest portion of the road is a scenic mountain drive providing dramatic vistas of the Front Range, while the northeast portion is a busy interurban thoroughfare. The city of Boulder separates these two vastly different sections of SH 119.
Earlston Sevens
Earlston Sevens is an annual rugby sevens event held by Earlston RFC, in Earlston, Scotland. This was one of a group of Sevens tournaments instated after the First World War extending the original Borders Spring Circuit. The Earlston Sevens began in 1923.

The Earlston Sevens is part of the Kings of the Sevens championship run by the Border League.

2019's Earlston Sevens was played on 5 May 2019. It was won by Watsonians.

Borders Sevens Circuit
The Borders Sevens Circuit is a series of rugby sevens tournaments held annually in the Scottish Borders. Originally the circuit consisted of 5 tournaments; Langholm Sevens being the last added in 1908. It is the oldest Sevens circuit in the world; the first Sevens tournament outside Scotland - bar two single Sevens matches in Chorley, England in 1888 and 1889 - was held in the Scottish expatriate city of Dunedin in New Zealand in 1889 and there was no other Sevens tournament clusters elsewhere.

The main circuit has now grown to 11 tournaments; 10 in Scotland and 1 - the Berwick Sevens - in England.

The circuit has now extended into a league known as Kings of the Sevens. Of the extended circuit only the Walkerburn Sevens is not included in this league. The Kings of the Sevens championship is run by the Border League.
Drenica massacres
The Drenica massacres (Albanian: Masakrat në Drenicë; Serbian: Масакри у Дреници, Masakri u Drenici) were a series of killings of Kosovo Albanian civilians committed by Serbian special police forces[a] in the Drenica region of central Kosovo.

According to Human Rights Watch, abuses in the Drenica region during the Kosovo War 1998–1999 "were so widespread that a comprehensive description is beyond the scope of this report". Key atrocities took place in the period of February – March 1998 in the Çirez, Likoshan, and Prekaz and during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, from March to June 1999 in the villages of Izbica, Rezalla, Poklek and Çikatovë e Vjetër.

Izbica massacre
The Izbica massacre (Albanian: Masakra e Izbicës; Serbian: Pokolj u Izbici) was one of the largest massacres of the Kosovo War. Following the war, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) found that the massacre resulted in the deaths of at least 93 Kosovar Albanians, mostly male non-combatant civilians between the ages of 60 and 70.
Fujifilm Business Innovation
Fujifilm Business Innovation Corporation (Japanese: 富士フイルムビジネスイノベーション株式会社), formerly known as Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd., is a Japanese company specializing in the development, production, and sale of xerographic and document-related products and services across the Asia-Pacific region. As a wholly owned subsidiary of Fujifilm Holdings, its headquarters are situated in Midtown West, Akasaka, Minato, Tokyo.

Originally established as a joint venture between Fujifilm and the American document management company Xerox, Fuji Xerox played a prominent role in the industry for 59 years. However, in 2019, Fujifilm assumed full ownership by acquiring the remaining shares, marking the conclusion of the long-standing partnership with Xerox. The formal conclusion of this collaboration occurred on March 31, 2021.

Fujifilm
Fujifilm Holdings Corporation (富士フイルムホールディングス株式会社, Fuji-fuirumu Hōrudingusu kabushiki gaisha), trading as Fujifilm (富士フイルム, Fuji-fuirumu), or simply Fuji, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, operating in the areas of photography, optics, office and medical electronics, biotechnology, and chemicals.

The company started as a manufacturer of photographic films, which it still produces. Fujifilm products include document solutions, medical imaging and diagnostics equipment, cosmetics, pharmaceutical drugs, regenerative medicine, stem cells, biologics manufacturing, magnetic tape data storage, optical films for flat-panel displays, optical devices, photocopiers, printers, digital cameras, color films, color paper, photofinishing and graphic arts equipment and materials.

Fujifilm is part of the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group financial conglomerate (keiretsu).
British Aerospace Jetstream
The British Aerospace Jetstream is a small twin turboprop airliner, with a pressurised fuselage, developed as the Jetstream 31 from the earlier Handley Page Jetstream.  A larger version of the Jetstream was also manufactured, the British Aerospace Jetstream 41.

British Aerospace Jetstream 41
The British Aerospace Jetstream 41 is a turboprop-powered feederliner and regional airliner, designed by British Aerospace as a stretched version of the Jetstream 31. Intended to compete directly with 30-seat aircraft like the Embraer Brasilia, Dornier 328 and Saab 340, the new design eventually accommodated 29 passengers in a two-by-one arrangement like the Jetstream 31. Trans States Airlines of the US was the biggest operator of Jetstream 41s in the world, with 25 in the fleet.
Noah Beery
Noah Nicholas Beery (January 17, 1882 – April 1, 1946) was an American actor who appeared in films from 1913 until his death in 1946. He was the older brother of Academy Award-winning actor Wallace Beery as well as the father of character actor Noah Beery Jr. He was billed as either Noah Beery or Noah Beery Sr. depending upon the film.

Noah Beery Jr.
Noah Lindsey Beery (August 10, 1913 – November 1, 1994) was an American actor often specializing in warm, friendly character roles similar to many portrayed by his Oscar-winning uncle, Wallace Beery. Unlike his more famous uncle, however, Beery Jr. seldom broke away from playing supporting roles. Active as an actor in films or television for well over half a century, he was best known for playing James Garner's character's father, Joseph "Rocky" Rockford, in the NBC television series The Rockford Files (1974–1980). His father, Noah Beery, enjoyed a similarly lengthy film career as a supporting actor in major films, although the elder Beery was also frequently a leading man during the silent film era.
Government Shipping Office
The Government Shipping Office (Urdu: قومی ادارہِ جہاز رانی ، پاکستان) is an agency of the Government of Pakistan that registers and manages sailors in the Pakistan Merchant Navy. The Government Shipping Office was first established in 1923 under the Merchant Shipping Act. It was a subordinate office of the then-Ministry of Communications, now reorganised as the Ministry of Ports and Shipping, under the administrative control of Ports and Shipping Wing, Karachi.

Ministry of Maritime Affairs (Pakistan)
The Ministry of Maritime Affairs (Urdu: وزارت بحری امور), previously known as the Ministry of Ports and Shipping, is a Federal Ministry of the Government of Pakistan. The current Minister for Maritime Affairs is Muhammad Junaid Anwar Chaudhry and the current Federal Secretary for Maritime Affairs is Zafar Ali Shah. The longest-serving Federal Secretary for Ports and Shipping are Muhammad Saleem Khan and Rizwan Ahmed.
The Ministry is headquartered in Islamabad and its main attached departments are in the port city of Karachi.
Soil salinity control
Soil salinity control refers to controlling the process and progress of soil salinity to prevent soil degradation by salination and reclamation of already salty (saline) soils. Soil reclamation is also known as soil improvement, rehabilitation, remediation, recuperation, or amelioration.

The primary man-made cause of salinization is irrigation. River water or groundwater used in irrigation contains salts, which remain in the soil after the water has evaporated.

The primary method of controlling soil salinity is to permit 10–20% of the irrigation water to leach the soil, so that it will be drained and discharged through an appropriate drainage system. The salt concentration of the drainage water is normally 5 to 10 times higher than that of the irrigation water which meant that salt export will more closely match salt import and it will not accumulate.

Soil salinity
Soil salinity is the salt content in the soil; the process of increasing the salt content is known as salinization (also called salination in American English). Salts occur naturally within soils and water. Salinization can be caused by natural processes such as mineral weathering or by the gradual withdrawal of an ocean. It can also come about through artificial processes such as irrigation and road salt.
Natalia Grosvenor, Duchess of Westminster
Natalia Ayesha Grosvenor, Dowager Duchess of Westminster (née Phillips; born 8 May 1959), is a British aristocrat, philanthropist and winemaker. She is the widow of the 6th Duke of Westminster and mother of the 7th Duke. As of 2024, the Duchess's family, specifically her son, were 11th on the Sunday Times Rich List with a net worth of £10.127 billion.

Hugh Grosvenor, 7th Duke of Westminster
Hugh Richard Louis Grosvenor, 7th Duke of Westminster, DL (born 29 January 1991), is a British aristocrat and inherited trust manager. He inherited his title and control of the Grosvenor Estate from his father in 2016, then worth an estimated £9 billion, making him one of the wealthiest men in Britain. In 2025, Bloomberg estimated that he had a net worth of approximately £9.56 billion ($12.7 billion). He ranked 14th on the Sunday Times Rich List 2025 with an estimated fortune of £9.884 billion ($13.13 billion) in 2025.
S-400 missile system
The S-400 Triumf (Russian: C-400 Триумф – Triumf; translation: Triumph; NATO reporting name: SA-21 Growler), previously known as the S-300 PMU-3, is a mobile surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed in the 1990s by Russia's NPO Almaz as an upgrade to the S-300 family of missiles. The S-400 was approved for service on 28 April 2007 and the first battalion of the systems assumed combat duty on 6 August 2007. The system is complemented by its successor, the S-500.

S-300 missile system
The S-300 (NATO reporting name SA-10 Grumble) is a series of long-range surface-to-air missile systems developed by the former Soviet Union. It was produced by NPO Almaz for the Soviet Air Defence Forces to defend against air raids and cruise missiles.

It is used by Russia, Ukraine, and other former Eastern Bloc countries, along with Bulgaria and Greece. It is also used by China, Iran, and other countries in Asia.

The system is fully automated, though manual observation and operation are also possible. Each targeting radar provides target designation for the central command post. The command post compares the data received from the targeting radars and filters out false targets. The central command post has both active and passive target detection modes. Missiles have a maximum range of 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the command post.

The successor to the S-300 is the S-400 (NATO reporting name SA-21 Growler), which entered service on 28 April 2007.
Hotel Blackhawk
The Hotel Blackhawk is an eleven-story brick and terra cotta building located in Downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States. It is a Marriott Autograph Collection property.

The hotel is connected to the north building of the RiverCenter, Davenport's convention center, and across the street from the RiverCenter south building. The hotel is just down the street from the Adler Theatre. The Blackhawk has been host to several high-profile people including Presidents Barack Obama, Herbert Hoover, Richard Nixon, writer Carl Sandburg, and boxer Jack Dempsey. Actor Cary Grant was staying at the Blackhawk Hotel when he died in Davenport. The hotel named rooms 412–414 the "Nixon Suite". Big bands such as Guy Lombardo and Stan Kenton played at the Blackhawk on many occasions.  It has been individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Blackhawk Hotel since 1983. In 2020 it was included as a contributing property in the Davenport Downtown Commercial Historic District.

Mississippi Lofts and Adler Theatre
The Mississippi Lofts and Adler Theatre is an apartment building and theater complex located in downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States. It is individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places by its original name, the Hotel Mississippi and RKO Orpheum Theater. The Hotel Mississippi was listed on the Davenport Register of Historic Properties in 2005. In 2020 the complex was included as a contributing property in the Davenport Downtown Commercial Historic District.
National Museum of Ireland
The National Museum of Ireland (Irish: Ard-Mhúsaem na hÉireann) is Ireland's leading museum institution, with a strong emphasis on national and some international archaeology, Irish history, Irish art, culture, and natural history. It has three branches in Dublin, the archaeology and natural history museums adjacent on Kildare Street and Merrion Square, and a newer Decorative Arts and History branch at the former Collins Barracks, and the Country Life museum in County Mayo.

National Museum of Ireland, Turlough Park
The National Museum of Ireland – Country Life, officially National Museum of Ireland, Turlough Park from 2026, is a branch of the National Museum of Ireland.  Located near Turlough village, 8 km (5.0 mi) northeast of Castlebar, County Mayo, Ireland, and established in 2001, the museum is Ireland's only national museum outside Dublin. The museum exhibits the way of life of rural Irish people between 1850 and 1950, and is in the grounds of Turlough Park House. There are displays about the home, the natural environment, trades and crafts, communities, and working on the land and on water.
Cuban National Ballet
The Cuban National Ballet (Spanish: Ballet Nacional de Cuba) is a classical ballet company based at Great Theatre of Havana in Havana, Cuba, founded by the Cuban prima ballerina assoluta, Alicia Alonso in 1948.  The official school of the company is the Cuban National Ballet School.

Cuban National Ballet School
The Cuban National Ballet School (Escuela Nacional Cubana de Ballet) in Havana, with approximately 3,000 students is the biggest ballet school in the world and the most prestigious ballet school in Cuba.  It was directed by Ramona de Sáa until her death on 17 April 2024.
Destroy All Humans! (2005 video game)
Destroy All Humans! is a 2005 action-adventure video game developed by Pandemic Studios and published by THQ for PlayStation 2, Xbox, and mobile phones. The game is the first installment in the Destroy All Humans! franchise, and is set in 1959 in the United States, and parodies the lifestyles, pop culture, and political attitudes of this time period. The player controls Cryptosporidium 137 (a reference to the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium), a member of a fictional alien race called "Furons", and is a Furon spy hitman invading Earth to harvest DNA from humans to continue the cloning process of his species. Destroy All Humans! received generally positive reviews from critics. The original was ported to PlayStation 4 in 2016 alongside its sequel. A remake of the game was released in 2020.

Destroy All Humans! (2020 video game)
Destroy All Humans! is an action-adventure video game developed by Black Forest Games and published by THQ Nordic. It is a remake of the 2005 original game and the fifth installment in the Destroy All Humans! franchise. It is the first entry in the franchise since Path of the Furon (2008).

Destroy All Humans! was released for PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One on 28 July 2020. It was made available for Stadia on 8 December 2020. A Nintendo Switch port was released on 29 June 2021. The game received mixed reviews from critics and had sold over 1 million units by May 2021. A sequel, Destroy All Humans! 2: Reprobed, was released in 2022.
Second Curtin ministry
The Second Curtin ministry (Labor) was the 30th ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 14th prime minister, John Curtin. The Second Curtin ministry succeeded the First Curtin ministry, which dissolved on 21 September 1943 following the federal election that took place in August. The ministry was replaced by the Forde ministry on 6 July 1945 following the death of Curtin – the second of three occasions where a sitting prime minister died in office.

Frank Forde, who died in 1983, was the last surviving member of the Second Curtin ministry; Forde was also the last surviving minister of the Scullin government, First Curtin ministry, Forde government, and the First Chifley ministry.

Forde ministry
The Forde ministry (Labor) was the 31st ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 15th prime minister, Frank Forde. The Forde Ministry succeeded the Second Curtin ministry, which dissolved on 6 July 1945 following the death of former prime minister John Curtin - the second of three occasions where a sitting prime minister died in office. Since Forde was the deputy Labor leader, it was a caretaker ministry until the Labor caucus could elect a new leader. Treasurer Ben Chifley was ultimately elected over Forde on 12 July 1945, and he was sworn in as prime minister along with his ministry the following day.

Frank Forde, who died in 1983, was the last surviving member of the Forde Ministry; Forde was also the last surviving minister of the Scullin government, the Curtin government, and the First Chifley ministry.
Peace of Olomouc
The Peace of Olomouc was signed on 2 April 1479 between Matthias Corvinus of Hungary and King Vladislaus II of Bohemia (and Hungary, later), bringing the Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478) to an end. On 21 July 1479 the agreement was ratified during the course of festivities in Olomouc. This treaty, overall, ratified all terms within the Treaty of Brno developed in March 1478 (with slight modifications made by the King of Hungary on 20 September 1478). Based on the terms of the treaty, Vladislaus would cede the territories of Moravia, Silesia, and Lusatia to Corvinus. If Matthias perished, then Vladislaus could redeem these lands for 400,000 florins. Moreover, both monarchs would be permitted to utilize the title King of Bohemia. However, only Matthias was required to address the other claimant as the King of Bohemia.

Treaty of Brno (1478)
The Treaty of Brno was a draft to the Peace of Olomouc developed in March 1478 in Brno by the envoys of Matthias Corvinus of Hungary and King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary in an effort to end the Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478). Corvinus accepted the accord and slightly modified it on 20 September 1478, which determined the division of Bohemian territories. Based on the terms of the treaty, Vladislaus would cede the territories of Moravia, Silesia, and Lusatia to Corvinus. If Matthias perished, then Vladislaus was permitted to redeem these lands for 400,000 florins. Moreover, both monarchs would be permitted to utilize the title King of Bohemia. However, only Matthias was required to address the other claimant as the King of Bohemia.
World Network of Biosphere Reserves
The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) covers internationally designated areas of high biological and cultural diversity, known as biosphere reserves, which are meant to demonstrate a balanced relationship between people and nature (e.g. encourage sustainable development). They are created under the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB).

Man and the Biosphere Programme
The Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) is an intergovernmental scientific program, launched in 1970 by UNESCO, that aims to establish a scientific basis for the 'improvement of relationships' between people and their environments.

MAB engages with the international development agenda, especially the Sustainable Development Goals and the Post 2015 Development Agenda. The MAB programme provides a platform for cooperation in research and development. As of July 2024, 759 sites across 136 countries, including 22 transboundary sites, have been included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.  The reserves cover more than 5% of the world’s surface and are home to over 260 million people.
Dorothy Stringer School
Dorothy Stringer School is a secondary school located in Brighton, East Sussex, England. It has over 1,600 pupils and 115 members of staff. There are 64 forms, each with an average of 26 students.

Dorothy Stringer shares their location, the Surrenden Campus with Varndean School, Varndean College, Balfour Primary School and Downs View Link college.

Varndean School
Varndean School is a secondary school serving a large area of Brighton and Hove, England.

In 2013, 2017 and 2022, Ofsted inspectors described Varndean as a 'Good' school. Varndean shares the Surrenden Campus with Balfour Primary School, Dorothy Stringer School, Varndean College and Downs View Link college.
2024 Macau Guia Race
The 2024 Macau Guia Race - Kumho FIA TCR World Tour Event of Macau was sixty-second edition of the Macau Guia Race and the ninth edition under the TCR regulations held at Guia Circuit in Macau on 14–17 November 2024. The race was contested with TCR touring cars and run in support of the 2024 edition of the Macau Grand Prix. It was part of the TCR World Tour and TCR China Touring Car Championship, as the final round for both series.

Race one was won by Thed Björk, who started from pole position, with Norbert Michelisz and Mikel Azcona joining him on the podium. Dušan Borković won race two ahead of Esteban Guerrieri and Marco Butti, making it a full sweep of the podium for their team GOAT Racing.

2024 Macau Grand Prix
The 2024 Macau Grand Prix (formally the 71st Macau Grand Prix – FIA FR World Cup) was a motor race for Formula Regional cars held on the streets of Macau on 17 November 2024. The race itself was made up of two races: a ten-lap qualifying race that decided the starting grid for the fifteen-lap main event. The 2024 race was the 71st running of the Macau Grand Prix, the first for Formula Regional cars and the inaugural FIA FR World Cup.