hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Larry Rhoden
Larry Robert Rhoden (born February 5, 1959) is an American politician and businessman serving since 2025 as the 34th governor of South Dakota.

A member of the Republican Party, Rhoden served from 2001 to 2009 as a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives, from 2009 to 2015 and from 2017 to 2019 as a member of the South Dakota Senate, and from 2019 to 2025 as the 39th lieutenant governor of South Dakota. He ran for U.S. Senate in the 2014 election, losing in the Republican primary to Mike Rounds. In January 2025, he became governor after Governor Kristi Noem resigned to become United States Secretary of Homeland Security.

Lieutenant Governor of South Dakota
The lieutenant governor of South Dakota is the second-ranking member of the executive branch of South Dakota state government and also serves as presiding officer of the South Dakota Senate. The lieutenant governor succeeds to the governorship if the office becomes vacant, and may also serve as acting governor if the governor is incapacitated or absent from the state.

Since 1974, the lieutenant governor has been elected on a ticket with the governor. Seven lieutenant governors have gone on to be elected governor in their own right: Charles N. Herreid (1900 & 1902), Frank M. Byrne (1912 & 1914), Peter Norbeck (1916 & 1918), William H. McMaster (1920 & 1922), Carl Gunderson (1924), Nils Boe (1964 & 1966) and Dennis Daugaard (2010 & 2014). Three others succeeded to the office of governor: Harvey L. Wollman, Walter Dale Miller, and Larry Rhoden.

The current lieutenant governor is Tony Venhuizen, since 30 January 2025.
Beretta Model 1915
The Beretta Model 1915 or Beretta M1915 is a semi-automatic pistol manufactured by Beretta, designed by Tullio Marengoni who was the chief engineer in the company, to replace the Glisenti Model 1910 which had a complex and weak firing mechanism. It is the first semi-automatic pistol, manufactured by the company, and issued as a service pistol in Royal Italian Army during World War I. The total production of the Beretta M1915 is estimated about 15,600 during 1915-1918, and about 56,000 of Beretta M1915/1917. Some of the pistols were also used in World War II until 1945. Its open slide design later became the characteristic  for other Beretta pistols such as Beretta M1923, Beretta M1934, Beretta M1935, Beretta M1951, Beretta 70, Beretta 92, Beretta Cheetah, and Beretta M9.

Glisenti Model 1910
The Pistola Automatica Modello 1910, often referred to as Glisenti Model 1910, was a 9 mm calibre semi-automatic service pistol developed by Bethel Abiel Revelli for Società Siderurgica Glisenti and produced by the company Metallurgica Bresciana già Tempini. It was put in production in 1909-1910 to replace the aging Bodeo Model 1889 still used by army officers. It saw extensive service in World War I and World War II with the Royal Italian Army. The Model 1910 has a complex and weak firing system which mandates that the pistol ought to use a weaker version of the widespread 9x19 Parabellum.
South African Class GEA 4-8-2+2-8-4
The South African Railways Class GEA 4-8-2+2-8-4 of 1946 was an articulated steam locomotive.

In 1946 and 1947, the South African Railways placed 50 Class GEA Garratt articulated steam locomotives with a 4-8-2+2-8-4 type wheel arrangement in service.

4-8-2+2-8-4
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, a 4-8-2+2-8-4 is a Garratt articulated locomotive consisting of a pair of 4-8-2 engine units back to back, with the boiler and cab suspended between them. The 4-8-2 wheel arrangement has four leading wheels on two axles, usually in a leading bogie, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and two trailing wheels on one axle, usually in a trailing truck. Since the 4-8-2 type is generally known as a Mountain, the corresponding Garratt type is usually known as a Double Mountain.
827th Tank Destroyer Battalion
The 827th Tank Destroyer Battalion was a tank destroyer battalion of the United States Army active during the Second World War. It was activated in April 1942 as a segregated African American unit, deploying to Europe at the end of 1944 and attached to 12th Armored Division. It saw action during Operation Nordwind in January 1945, where elements of the battalion performed creditably.

12th Armored Division (United States)
The 12th Armored Division was an armored division of the United States Army in World War II. It fought in the European Theater of Operations in France, Germany and Austria, between November 1944 and May 1945.

The German Army called the 12th Armored Division the "Suicide Division" for its fierce defensive actions during Operation Nordwind in France, and they were nicknamed the "Mystery Division" when they were temporarily transferred to the command of the Third Army under General George S. Patton Jr., to cross the Rhine River.

The 12th Armored Division was one of only ten U.S. divisions (and only one of two U.S. armored divisions) during World War II that had African-American combat companies integrated into the division. The group was known as Company D. One of the African American soldiers, Staff Sergeant Edward A. Carter Jr. was awarded The Distinguished Service Cross for gallantry in combat during World War II, and was later awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously.
Ijoid languages
Ijoid is a proposed but undemonstrated group of languages linking the Ijaw languages (Ịjọ) with the endangered Defaka language. The similarities, however, may be due to Ijaw influence on Defaka.

The Ijoid languages, or perhaps just Ijaw, are proposed to form a divergent branch of the hypothetical Niger–Congo family and are noted for their subject–object–verb basic word order, which is otherwise an unusual feature in Niger–Congo, shared only by such distant branches as Mande and Dogon. Like Mande and Dogon, Ijoid lacks even traces of the noun class system considered characteristic of Niger–Congo, and so might have split early from that family. Linguists Gerrit Dimmendaal and Tom Güldemann doubt its inclusion in Niger–Congo altogether and consider the Ijaw/Ijoid languages to be an independent family.

Defaka language
Defaka is an endangered and divergent Nigerian language of uncertain classification. It is spoken in the Opobo–Nkoro LGA of Rivers State, in the Defaka or Afakani ward of Nkọrọ town and Ịwọma Nkọrọ. The low number of Defaka speakers, coupled with the fact that other languages dominate the region where Defaka is spoken, edges the language near extinction on a year-to-year basis. It is generally classified in an Ijoid branch of the Niger–Congo family. However, the Ijoid proposal is problematic. Blench (2012) notes that "Defaka has numerous external cognates and might be an isolate or independent branch of Niger–Congo which has come under Ịjọ influence."
Yo-kai Sangokushi
Yo-kai Sangokushi is a turn-based tactical role-playing game developed by Koei Tecmo and published by Level-5 for the Nintendo 3DS in 2016 exclusively in Japan. The game is a collaboration between Koei Tecmo's video game series Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Level-5's multi-media franchise Yo-kai Watch and sees the player controlling military commanders who aim to unify the world.

Romance of the Three Kingdoms (video game series)
Romance of the Three Kingdoms (三國志, Sangokushi; lit. "Records of the Three Kingdoms") is a series of turn-based tactical role-playing simulation grand strategy wargames produced by Koei. Originating from Japan in 1985, fourteen installments of the game have been published in Japan, Taiwan, China, South Korea and North America to date. While the game's title as it was released in English refers to the 14th century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms (三國演義) by Luo Guanzhong, the title as it was released in Japan and Chinese regions refers to the 3rd century historical text Records of the Three Kingdoms (三國志) by Chen Shou.
Orange County Museum of Art
The UC Irvine Langson Orange County Museum of Art is a modern and contemporary art museum located on the campus of the Segerstrom Center for the Arts in Costa Mesa, California. The museum's collection comprises more than 4,500 objects, with a concentration on the art of California and the Pacific Rim from the early 20th century to present. Exhibits include traditional paintings, sculptures, and photography, as well as new media in the form of video, digital, and installation art.

Segerstrom Center for the Arts
The Segerstrom Center for the Arts (originally called Orange County Performing Arts Center) is a performing arts complex in Costa Mesa, California, United States, which opened in 1986. Designed by Charles Lawrence, the Center's Segerstrom Hall and Judy Morr Theater were completed that same year. The Renée and Henry Segerstrom Concert Hall, Samueli Theater, and Lawrence and Kristina Dodge Education Center opened in 2006. They were the work of architect Cesar Pelli, the recipient of numerous awards and professional honors, including the American Institute of Architects Gold Medal in 1995.

The Center is the artistic home to three resident companies: the Pacific Symphony, Philharmonic Society of Orange County, and Pacific Chorale.
Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers
The Conference of Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers (GSGP) is a North American intergovernmental organization led by the governing chief executives of the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Québec and the US states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. Through the organization, they seek to grow the region's economy and protect the Great Lakes. The organization began in 1983 as the Council of Great Lakes Governors to encourage and facilitate environmentally responsible economic development. The Council now serves as secretariat to the governors’ Compact Council and the governor and premiers’ Regional Body.

Great Lakes Compact
The Great Lakes–St. Lawrence River Basin Water Resources Compact is a legally binding interstate compact among the U.S. states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin. The compact details how the states manage the use of the Great Lakes Basin's water supply and builds on the 1985 Great Lakes Charter and its 2001 Annex. The compact is the means by which the states implement the governors' commitments under the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Agreement that also includes the Premiers of Ontario and Quebec.

The Conference of Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers (formerly the Council of Great Lakes Governors)—which guided the negotiations that resulted in the compact—now serves as secretariat to the Governors' Compact Council created by the compact.
Symmetric relation
A symmetric relation is a type of binary relation. Formally, a binary relation R over a set X is symmetric if:

where the notation aRb means that (a, b) ∈ R.

An example is the relation "is equal to", because if a = b is true then b = a is also true. If RT represents the converse of R, then R is symmetric if and only if R = RT.

Symmetry, along with reflexivity and transitivity, are the three defining properties of an equivalence relation.

Reflexive relation
In mathematics, a binary relation  on a set  is reflexive if it relates every element of  to itself.

An example of a reflexive relation is the relation "is equal to" on the set of real numbers, since every real number is equal to itself.  A reflexive relation is said to have the reflexive property or is said to possess reflexivity.  Along with symmetry and transitivity, reflexivity is one of three properties defining equivalence relations.
Takanori Ito
Takanori Ito (伊藤 貴則, Itō Takanori; born September 20, 1993) is a Japanese professional wrestler who currently wrestles for Gleat. He is best known for working for Wrestle-1, where he is a two-time Wrestle-1 Result Champion and a one-time Wrestle-1 Tag Team Champion, alongside Masayuki Kono. He also won the Striker Full Contact Karate Heavyweight Championship.

Masayuki Kono
Masayuki Kono (河野 真幸, Kōno Masayuki; born April 12, 1980 in Noboribetsu, Hokkaidō) is a Japanese professional wrestler and former mixed martial artist. He is working as a freelancer. He is best known for his time in Wrestle-1, where he is a former two-time Wrestle-1 Champion.
Petter's tufted-tailed rat
Petter's tufted-tailed rat (Eliurus petteri) is a rodent in the genus Eliurus found in lowland eastern Madagascar. First described in 1994, it is most closely related to the smaller Eliurus grandidieri. Virtually nothing is known of its natural history, except that it occurs in rainforest and is nocturnal and solitary. It is threatened by destruction and fragmentation of its habitat and is listed as "Vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List.

With a head and body length of 130 to 136 mm (5.1 to 5.4 in), Eliurus petteri is a moderately large species of Eliurus. Its upperparts are gray-brown to gray and contrast sharply with the white underparts. The tail tuft, a characteristic feature of Eliurus, is weakly developed. The skull is delicate and the incisive foramina (openings in the front part of the palate) are short and narrow. The incisors are weak.

Grandidier's tufted-tailed rat
Grandidier's tufted-tailed rat (Eliurus grandidieri) is a species of rodent from the family Nesomyidae. Morphological evidence suggests that Grandidier's tufted-tailed rat is most closely related to Petter's tufted-tailed rat, E. petteri. However, Grandidier's tufted-tailed rat is the smaller of the two species.
Hindi theatre
Hindi theatre is theatre performed in the Hindi language, including dialects such as Braj Bhasha, Khari Boli and Hindustani. Hindi theatre is produced mainly in
North India, and some parts of West India and Central India, which include Mumbai and Bhopal. Hindi theatre has its roots in the traditional folk theatre of North India, like Ram lila and Raslila, and also influenced by distant Sanskrit drama. Starting with Bhartendu Harishchandra in the late 19th century and subsequent playwrights like Jaishankar Prasad, Mohan Rakesh, Hindi theatre came of age in the 1940s and 50s, when IPTA movement created a new brand of theatre practitioners in Hindi speaking areas, especially with IPTA Mumbai, Prithvi Theatres of thespian Prithviraj Kapoor, and theatre artiste Habib Tanvir, paving way for next generation of artists who came out once National School of Drama, Delhi started functioning in 1959.

Bharatendu Harishchandra
Bharatendu Harishchandra (9 September 1850 – 6 January 1885) was an Indian poet, writer, and playwright. He authored several dramas, biographical sketches, and travel accounts with the goal of influencing public opinion. Bharatendu Harishchandra is often considered the father of modern Hindi literature and theatre. Some modern Indian authors have described him as a Yug Charan for his writing depicting the exploitative nature of the British Raj.

Writing under the pen name "Rasa," Harishchandra explored themes that portrayed the struggles of the Indian people. His works addressed issues such as poverty, dependency, British tyranny, middle-class unrest, and need for societal progress. Harishchandra opposed the conventional orthodoxy of the time and the manipulations of religious leaders. He is described by some as an influential Hindu traditionalist who used Vaishnava devotion to define a coherent Hindu religion.
The Story of Pretty Goldilocks
"The Story of Pretty Goldilocks" or "The Beauty with Golden Hair" is a French literary fairy tale written by Madame d'Aulnoy. Andrew Lang included it in The Blue Fairy Book.

It is Aarne–Thompson type 531.  This type is generally called "The Clever Horse", but is known in French as La Belle aux cheveux d'or, after this tale.  Other tales of this type include Ferdinand the Faithful and Ferdinand the Unfaithful, The Firebird and Princess Vasilisa, Corvetto, King Fortunatus's Golden Wig.

The Firebird and Princess Vasilisa
The Firebird and Princess Vasilisa (Russian: Жар-птица и царевна Василиса) is a Russian fairy tale collected by Alexander Afanasyev in Narodnye russkie skazki. It is one of many tales written about the mythical Firebird.

It is Aarne-Thompson type 531.  Other tales of this type include Ferdinand the Faithful and Ferdinand the Unfaithful, Corvetto, King Fortunatus's Golden Wig.  Another, literary variant is Madame d'Aulnoy's La Belle aux cheveux d'or, or The Story of Pretty Goldilocks.
Salmo lumi
Salmo lumi is a type of trout, a fish in the family Salmonidae. It is endemic to Lake Ohrid and its tributaries in Albania and North Macedonia.

Salmo lumi is one of four different forms of the Ohrid trout complex within Lake Ohrid, along with Salmo letnica, Salmo balcanicus and Salmo aphelios. There are however no known morphological characters that would clearly distinguish it from the others. The head and body of these trout are silver in colour, with black dots. Red dots occur along the lateral line. Salmo lumi can grow to 38 cm (15 in) length.

The various trout of Ohrid are distinguished by their breeding time and habitat, and they are thus in practice reproductively isolated from each other. Salmo lumi specifically spawns from January to February in the tributaries of the lake.  In the lake it lives at 60–80 m (200–260 ft) depths. Its status as a distinct species is not yet confirmed by molecular methods.

Ohrid trout
Ohrid trout or the Lake Ohrid brown trout (Salmo letnica) is an endemic species of trout in Lake Ohrid and in its tributaries and outlet, the Black Drin river, in North Macedonia and Albania. Locally, the fish is known as охридска пастрмка (ohridska pastrmka) in Macedonian and Koran or Korani in Albanian.
Mahindra Group
Mahindra Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate, headquartered in Mumbai. The group has operations in over 100 countries, with a presence in aerospace, agribusiness, aftermarket automotive components, construction equipment, defence, energy, farm equipment, finance and insurance, industrial equipment, information technology, leisure and hospitality, logistics, real estate, retail and education. The group's flagship company Mahindra & Mahindra has market leadership in utility vehicles as well as tractors in India.

Mahindra & Mahindra
Mahindra and Mahindra is an Indian automobile manufacturing company headquartered in Mumbai. It was established in 1945 as Mahindra & Mohammed and later renamed Mahindra & Mahindra. Part of the Mahindra Group, M&M is one of the largest SUV manufacturers by production in India and the Mahindra Tractors subsidiary is the largest manufacturer of tractors in the world by volume. It was ranked 17th on a list of top companies in India by Fortune India 500 in 2018. Its major competitors in the Indian vehicular market include Maruti Suzuki and Tata Motors. Anish Shah is the current CEO and Managing Director of Mahindra & Mahindra.
Ellesmere, Shropshire
Ellesmere (/ˈɛlzmɪər/ ELZ-meer) is a town in the civil parish of Ellesmere Urban, in Shropshire, England; it is located near to the Welsh border, the towns of Oswestry and Whitchurch, and the Welsh city of Wrexham. It is notable for its proximity to a number of prominent meres.

Oswestry
Oswestry (/ˈɒzwəstri/ OZ-wəss-tree; Welsh: Croesoswallt) is a market town, civil parish and historic railway town in Shropshire, England, close to the Welsh border. It is at the junction of the A5, A483 and A495 roads.

The town was the administrative headquarters of the Borough of Oswestry until that was abolished in 2009. At the 2021 Census, the population of Oswestry was 17,509. The town is five miles (8.0 km) from the Welsh border and has a mixed English and Welsh heritage.

Oswestry is the largest settlement within the Oswestry Uplands, a designated natural area and national character area.
Barmakids
The Barmakids (Persian: برمکیان Barmakiyân; Arabic: البرامكة al-Barāmikah), also spelled Barmecides, were an influential Iranian family from Balkh, where they were originally hereditary Buddhist leaders (in the Nawbahar monastery), and subsequently came to great political power under the Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad. Khalid, the son of Barmak became the chief minister (vizier) of al-Saffah (r. 750–754), the first caliph of the Abbasid dynasty. His son Yahya aided Harun al-Rashid in capturing the throne and rose to power as the most powerful man in the Caliphate.

The Barmakids were remarkable for their majesty, splendor and hospitality. They are mentioned in some stories of the One Thousand and One Nights.

Naw Bahar
The Naw Bahar Persian: نوبهار; lit. 'New Monastery') were two Buddhist monasteries close to the ancient city of Balkh in northern Afghanistan. Historical accounts report it as flourishing as an important centre of Buddhism between the seventh and eleventh centuries CE. It may have been founded considerably earlier, perhaps in or after the reign of the Kushan emperor Kaniṣka, in the second century CE.

Nava Vihara has been described as the "Nalanda of Central Asia".
Keisha Buchanan
Keisha Kerreece Fayeanne Buchanan (/ˈkiːʃə/; born 30 September 1984) is a British singer and songwriter and a founding member of the girl group Sugababes alongside Mutya Buena and Siobhán Donaghy. With Sugababes, she has had six number-one singles and two number-one studio albums, making them one of the most successful-charting British pop acts of the 21st century so far. Buchanan was sacked from the group in September 2009 and  replaced by Jade Ewen. Buchanan returned to the group in 2012 with the original line-up.

In 2012, she and her former Sugababes bandmates Buena and Donaghy confirmed their reunion. The original trio was not able to release music under the name Sugababes as it was still being used by the then-current members of the group. Instead they released music under the name Mutya Keisha Siobhan before securing the legal rights to the Sugababes name in 2019. In 2026, she won the seventh series of The Masked Singer.

Jade Ewen
Jade Louise Ewen (born 24 January 1988) is an English singer, actress and a former member of the girl group Sugababes. She began her singing career in a girl group named Trinity Stone, which signed with Sony BMG in 2005 but disbanded in 2007 without releasing an album. In 2009, after winning the right, she represented the United Kingdom in the 2009 Eurovision Song Contest by performing the Andrew Lloyd Webber / Diane Warren penned "It's My Time". She finished in fifth place.

Ewen replaced Keisha Buchanan in the group Sugababes in September 2009. After becoming a member of the group, the group achieved two UK top-ten singles and a top-fifteen album before disbanding in 2011.

In 2015, Ewen made her West End debut, playing Vanessa in the original London cast of In the Heights, following a brief run off-West End the previous year. She went on to play Princess Jasmine in 2016, as part of the original cast of Disney's production of Aladdin.