hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Martial arts
Martial arts are codified systems and traditions of combat. They are practiced for a number of reasons ranging from; violent street fighting, self-defense, military and law enforcement; to non-violent exercising, ceremonial, competition; physical, mental, and spiritual development; entertainment; and to preserve the intangible cultural heritage of a nation. The term "martial arts" was originally used to refer to the traditions of East Asia, but has subsequently been applied to other practices which originated outside that region.

Self-defense
Self-defense (self-defence) primarily in Commonwealth English) is a countermeasure that involves defending the health and well-being of oneself from harm. The use of the right of self-defense as a legal justification for the use of force in times of danger is available in many jurisdictions.
Josef Tabachnyk
Josef Tabachnyk (born 15 July 1947 in Zhytomyr) is an artist living in Nuremberg, who specialises in making bronze sculptures of people, animals and abstract forms. His most famous works include Knut the Dreamer, the Willy-Brandt memorial, a statue of Adolf Dassler as well as memorials for victims of war in Saint Petersburg, Zhytomyr, Novohrad-Volynskyi and Slovechne.

Statue of Adolf Dassler
The Statue of Adolf Dassler is a life-size sculpture, which was erected in May 2006 at the Adi Dassler stadium in Herzogenaurach. The sculpture portrays the founder of the sporting goods company Adidas, and was created by sculptor Josef Tabachnyk. The statue sits like a spectator on a stand within the stadium, which is located next to the main entrance of the Adidas headquarters in Herzogenaurach. After the sculpture opening in 2006, the sculpture of its founder has often been used as a symbol for the company and its roots in producing sports shoes in the 1920s.

The life-size, bronze statue was reproduced in various sizes and now also sits at the new flagship Adidas store in New York City, which is the biggest Adidas store worldwide. The opening of the sculpture in New York was on 1 December 2016. Since January 2019 another original of the statue is placed at the entrance to the Adidas-Store at 22 Avenue des Champs-Élysées in Paris.
Internegative
An internegative is a motion picture film duplicate. It is the color counterpart to an interpositive, in which a low-contrast color image is used as the positive between an original camera negative and a duplicate negative.

After a film is shot, the original negatives—taken directly from the camera equipment—are edited into correct sequence and printed onto fresh stock as a cohesive film, creating an interpositive print used for color timing. From the interpositive, answer prints, which include the color-corrected imagery and a properly synced sound track, are made. Once approved by the studio, the final answer print is made into an internegative used for striking copies that will be delivered to theaters for viewing.

Interpositive
An interpositive, intermediate positive, IP or master positive is a motion picture film with a positive image made from the edited camera negative. Interpositive film uses colored dye couplers that create an orange mask like the camera negative to preserve color accuracy.
Kommersant
Kommersant (Russian: Коммерсантъ, IPA: [kəmʲɪrˈsant], The Businessman or Commerce Man, often shortened to Ъ) is a nationally distributed daily newspaper published in Russia mostly devoted to politics and business. The TNS Media and NRS Russia certified July 2013 circulation of the daily was 120,000–130,000.

It is widely considered to be one of Russia's three main business dailies (together with Vedomosti and RBK Daily).

Hard sign
The letter Ъ ъ (italics Ъ, ъ) of the Cyrillic script is known as er golyam (ер голям – "big er") in the Bulgarian alphabet, as the hard sign (Russian: твёрдый знак, romanized: tvjordyj znak, pronounced [ˈtvʲɵrdɨj ˈznak], Rusyn: твердый знак, romanized: tverdyj znak) in the modern Russian and Rusyn alphabets (although in Rusyn, ъ could also be known as ір), as the debelo jer (дебело їер, "fat er") in pre-reform Serbian orthography, and as ayirish belgisi in the Uzbek Cyrillic alphabet. The letter is called back yer or back jer and yor or jor in the pre-reform Russian orthography, in Old Russian, and in Old Church Slavonic.

Originally the yer denoted an ultra-short or reduced mid rounded vowel. It is one of two reduced vowels that are collectively known as the yers in Slavic philology.
Josh Kaul
Joshua Lautenschlager Kaul (born 1980 or 1981) is an American lawyer, Democratic politician, and the current attorney general of Wisconsin, serving in that role since January 2019.  Before his election as attorney general, he served as a federal prosecutor in Baltimore, Maryland.

His mother, Peg Lautenschlager, was the 42nd attorney general of Wisconsin, a United States Attorney, and the 1st chair of the Wisconsin Ethics Commission.

Peg Lautenschlager
Peggy Ann Lautenschlager (November 22, 1955 – March 31, 2018) was an American attorney and Democratic politician who was the first chair of the Wisconsin Ethics Commission from 2016 to 2017, the 42nd Attorney General of Wisconsin from 2003 to 2007, the United States Attorney for the Western District of Wisconsin from 1993 to 2001, a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly for the 52nd district from 1989 to 1993, and the Winnebago County District Attorney from 1985 to 1989. Lautenschlager was the first woman to serve as Attorney General of Wisconsin.

Lautenschlager's son, Josh Kaul, is the current Wisconsin Attorney General. He was elected in the 2018 general election and re-elected in 2022.
Bolsa Pampulha
Bolsa Pampulha (English: Pampulha Grant) is a highly competitive Brazilian artist residency, often referred to as the longest-running program of its kind in the country. Established in 2003, it replaced the traditional Salão Municipal de Belas Artes de Belo Horizonte. The program provides selected artists with a monthly stipend, shared studio space, curatorial mentorship, and culminates in a group exhibition. Works produced during the residency may be considered for acquisition into the collection of the Pampulha Art Museum (Museu de Arte da Pampulha, MAP), subject to approval by the museum’s board.

The program was initiated by curator Adriano Pedrosa during his tenure at MAP.  It is organized by the Municipality of Belo Horizonte through the Municipal Secretariat of Culture and the Municipal Foundation of Culture, and is administered by MAP.

Pampulha Art Museum
The Pampulha Art Museum (Portuguese: Museu de Arte da Pampulha), formerly known as Cassino da Pampulha, is a building that is part of the Pampulha Modern Ensemble located in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The building was designed by the architect Oscar Niemeyer at the request of the then-mayor of the city, Juscelino Kubitschek, and is recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site along with the rest of the ensemble since 2016.
Satellit
"Satellit" (Swedish pronunciation: [satɛˈliːt]), known in English as "Satellite", is a soft rock song written by Swedish composer and singer Ted Gärdestad and lyricist Kenneth Gärdestad. Originally performed by Ted, the song was performed in its native language as the Swedish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1979, finishing in 17th place.

Kenneth Gärdestad
John Charles Kenneth Gärdestad (9 May 1948 – 3 March 2018) was a Swedish songwriter, best known for writing lyrics for the songs of his brother, Ted Gärdestad. He participated at Melodifestivalen 1979 as a songwriter for the winning song "Satellit" performed by his brother. The song went on to Eurovision the same year, where it placed 17th. Gärdestad was also an architect, affiliated to the private Kunskapsskolan, where he designed the interior of several of its high schools. Gärdestad published the biography Jag vill ha en egen måne in 2005. In later years he became a mental health activist, and created the "Ted Gärdestad Stipend", a prize awarded to amateur singers and songwriter.
We Met in Virtual Reality
We Met in Virtual Reality is a 2022 documentary film that takes place entirely within the social virtual reality platform VRChat. It explores the social relations developed by the users of VRChat during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how their lives were changed by their time on the platform. It was created by Joe Hunting, who was the director and writer of the script.

We Met premiered at the 2022 Sundance Film Festival on 21 January 2022, and was added to HBO Max on 27 July. It has received critical acclaim from film critics, especially regarding emotional scenes. Reviews from technology and gaming outlets were mixed, largely because virtual reality itself is not explained, and because of continuous VRChat graphical glitches.

VRChat
VRChat is an online virtual world platform created by Graham Gaylor and Jesse Joudrey and operated by VRChat, Inc. The platform allows users to interact with others with user-created 3D avatars and worlds. VRChat is designed primarily for use with virtual reality headsets, being available for Microsoft Windows PCs and as an app for Android-based headsets such as Meta Quest, Pico 4, and HTC Vive XR Elite. VRChat is also playable without a virtual reality device in a desktop mode designed for a mouse and keyboard, gamepad, or mobile app for touchscreen devices.

VRChat was first released as a Windows application for the Oculus Rift DK1 prototype on January 16, 2014. It was later released to the Steam early access program on February 1, 2017. VRChat later became available on the Meta Quest store on December 11, 2018, and in early access on Google Play on August 22, 2023, then was fully released on the App Store and Google Play store on October 24, 2025.
His Storyy
His Storyy (alternatively titled His Story) is an Indian, Hindi-language romantic drama web series directed by Prashant Bhagia. It is an ALTBalaji and ZEE5 original, released on 25 April 2021. It stars Satyadeep Mishra, Priyamani Raj, and Mrinal Dutt in the lead roles. The series was produced by Tanveer Bookwala and Ding Entertainment, and was written by Suparn Verma and Ritu Bhatia. The series revolves around the life of Sakshi, Kunal and his lover Preet and the social issue of acceptance of homosexuals by the society and family.

Priyamani
Priyamani Raj (née Iyer; born 4 June 1984), known mononymously as Priyamani, is an Indian actress who works in Telugu, Kannada, Tamil, Malayalam, and Hindi films. She is the recipient of a National Film Award, three Filmfare Awards South and a Tamil Nadu State Film Award.

Priyamani began her career with the 2003 Telugu film Evare Atagaadu. She went on to star in Raam (2009), Puthiya Mukham (2009), Raavanan (2010), and Pranchiyettan & the Saint (2010). She gained praise for playing a rape victim in the Tamil romantic drama Paruthiveeran (2007), which won her the National Film Award for Best Actress and the  Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Tamil. She also won the Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Malayalam for Thirakkatha (2008) and the Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada for Chaarulatha (2012). She has since starred in Idolle Ramayana (2016), Jawan (2023), Article 370 (2024), and Officer on Duty (2025).
Direction cosine
In analytic geometry, the direction cosines (or directional cosines) of a vector are the cosines of the angles between the vector and the three positive coordinate axes. Equivalently, they are the contributions of each component of the basis to a unit vector in that direction.

Unit vector
In mathematics, a unit vector in a normed vector space is a vector (often a spatial vector) of length 1. A unit vector is often denoted by a lowercase letter with a circumflex, or "hat", as in  (pronounced "v-hat"). The term normalized vector is sometimes used as a synonym for unit vector.

The normalized vector û of a non-zero vector u is the unit vector in the direction of u, i.e.,

where ‖u‖ is the norm (or length) of u and .

The proof is the following:

A unit vector is often used to represent directions, such as normal directions.
Unit vectors are often chosen to form the basis of a vector space, and every vector in the space may be written as a linear combination form of unit vectors.
Amber Film & Photography Collective
Amber Film & Photography Collective (often shortened to Amber Films or Amber) is a film and photography collective based in Newcastle upon Tyne with an aim to capture working-class life in North East England. Often combining professional and non-professional actors, Amber has produced several documentary and feature films of varying lengths, sometimes blending documentary with fiction. Their productions have included Seacoal and Eden Valley, along with a drama-documentary about 1960s Newcastle City Council leader, T. Dan Smith.

Although Amber have received little national attention, scholar Mike Wayne suggests they are "possibly the most successful 'studio' -- in terms of sheer longevity -- in British film history".

The collective often host exhibitions related to their current projects at their base at Side Gallery and Cinema, just off the Quayside in Newcastle.

Side Gallery
Side Gallery is a photography gallery in Newcastle upon Tyne, run by Amber Film & Photography Collective. It opened in 1977 as Side Gallery and Cinema with a remit to show humanist photography "both by and commissioned by the group along with work it found inspirational". It is the only venue in the UK dedicated to documentary photography. Side Gallery is located at Amber's base in Side, a street in Quayside, Newcastle near the Tyne Bridge.

Side Gallery closed on 9 April 2023 after the loss of its Arts Council England National Portfolio Organisation status and funding in November 2022, combined with rising energy bills. It launched a fundraising campaign which closed on 30 May 2023 to help it work towards reopening in 2024.
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, 1972–1974
This is a list of members of the 40th Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 1972 to 1974, as elected at the 1972 state election held on 27 May 1972.

1  The Country Party changed its name to the National Party on 6 April 1974.

1972 Queensland state election
Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland on 27 May 1972 to elect the 82 members of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland.

The Country-Liberal Coalition won its sixth consecutive victory since it won government in 1957 and also its second victory under Joh Bjelke-Petersen.
World Day of Laziness
The World Day of laziness (festival) is the closing day of the Festival of Industry, Trade and Culture held in the city of Itagüi - Colombia. This social and cultural festival presents many genres of music: jazz, blues, salsa, rock, hip-hop, reggaeton, vallenato, electronic music, reggae and pop. In addition, the festival features photography exhibitions, painting, dance, musical and theater.

Festival of Industry, Trade and Culture (Itagüí)
The Festival of Industry, Trade and Culture is an annual eight-day social and cultural festival held in Itagüi, Colombia. It showcases various types of music, photography, painting, dancing and theatre.
Mills Novelty Company
The Mills Novelty Company, Incorporated of Chicago was once a leading manufacturer of coin-operated machines, including slot machines, vending machines, and jukeboxes, in the United States. Between about 1905 and 1930, the company's products included the Mills Violano-Virtuoso and its predecessors, celebrated machines that automatically played a violin and, after about 1909, a piano. By 1944, the name of the company had changed to Mills Industries, Incorporated.  The slot machine division was then owned by Bell-O-Matic Corporation.  By the late 1930s, vending machines were being installed by Mills Automatic Merchandising Corporation of New York.

Jennings & Company
Jennings & Company was a leading manufacturer of slot machines in the United States and also manufactured other coin-operated machines, including pinball machines, from 1906 to the 1980s. It was founded by Ode D. Jennings as Industry Novelty Company, Incorporated of Chicago.  On the death of its founder in 1953, the company was succeeded by Jennings & Company.
Uneapa language
Uneapa (often called "Bali", natively Uniapa) is an Oceanic language spoken by about 10,000 people on the small island of Bali (Uneapa), north of West New Britain in Papua New Guinea. It is perhaps a dialect of neighboring Vitu. Uneapa is one of the most conservative Oceanic languages, having retained most of Proto-Oceanic's final consonants with an echo vowel, such as *Rumaq 'house' > rumaka and *saqat 'bad' > zaɣata.

A sketch grammar of this language was published in 2002 by Malcolm Ross.

Unea Island
Unea Island is an island in Papua New Guinea located in the Vitu Islands. It was occupied by Japan in World War II.

The Uneapa (or Bali) language is natively spoken on this island. In the local language, it is called Uniapa or Uneapa. The term Unea comes from the Vitu language, and they descend from a proto-form *Uneap or *Uniap, reflecting the addition of an echo vowel in Uneapa and the regular loss of final consonants in Vitu.
Tommy Murphy (Australian playwright)
Tommy Murphy (born 1979) is an Australian playwright, screenwriter, adaptor and director . He created and was head writer for the 2022 TV series Significant Others. He is best known for his stage and screen adaptation of Timothy Conigrave's memoir Holding the Man. His most recent plays are a stage adaptation of Nevil Shute’s  On The Beach, Mark Colvin's Kidney and Packer & Sons.

Holding the Man (film)
Holding the Man is a 2015 Australian romantic drama film adapted from Timothy Conigrave's 1995 memoir of the same name. It was directed by Neil Armfield and stars Ryan Corr and Craig Stott, with supporting performances from Guy Pearce, Anthony LaPaglia, Sarah Snook, Kerry Fox and Geoffrey Rush. The screenplay was written by Tommy Murphy who also adapted the memoir for the stage play.
William E. Vaughan
William E. Vaughan (October 8, 1915 – February 25, 1977) was an American columnist and author. Born in Saint Louis, Missouri, he wrote a syndicated column for the Kansas City Star from 1946 until his death in 1977.  He was published in Reader's Digest and Better Homes and Gardens under the pseudonym Burton Hillis. He attended Washington University in St. Louis.

He is known and still quoted decades later for his folksy aphorisms, some of which were published in his "Starbeams" feature. They have been collected in books and on Internet sites. Bill Vaughan died at age 61 of lung cancer.

The Kansas City Star
The Kansas City Star is a newspaper based in Kansas City, Missouri. Published since 1880, the paper is the recipient of eight Pulitzer Prizes.

The Star is most notable for its influence on the career of President Harry S. Truman and as the newspaper where a young Ernest Hemingway honed his writing style. The paper is the major newspaper of the Kansas City metropolitan area and has widespread circulation in western Missouri and eastern Kansas.
Civil Engagement group
The Civil Engagement group (Irish: Grúpa Comhpháirteachas Phoiblí)  is a technical group in Seanad Éireann (the upper house of the Oireachtas or parliament of Ireland) composed of senators with a background in civic engagement organisations.

The group presently has four members in the 27th Seanad; Alice-Mary Higgins, Lynn Ruane, Frances Black and Eileen Flynn.

Lynn Ruane
Lynn Ruane (born 20 October 1984) is an Irish politician who has served as an independent senator for the Dublin University constituency in Seanad Éireann since April 2016. She was the President of the Trinity College Dublin Students' Union from 2015 to 2016.
ʼOle language
ʼOle, also called ʼOlekha or Black Mountain Monpa, is a moribund, possibly Sino-Tibetan language spoken natively by 1 person in the Black Mountains of Wangdue Phodrang and Trongsa Districts in western Bhutan. The term ʼOle refers to a clan of speakers.

East Bodish languages
The East Bodish languages are a small group of non-Tibetic Bodish languages spoken in eastern Bhutan and adjacent areas of Tibet and India. They include:

Dakpa (Tawang Monpa)

Dzala

Nyen, including Mangde and Phobjib

Chali

Bumthang

Kheng

Kurtöp
Scottish National League (rugby league)
The Scottish National League is an amateur men's rugby league competition and the first tier of domestic rugby league in Scotland. The league formed in 1997 under the name The Scottish Conference three years after the formalisation of the sport in Scotland with the founding of Scotland Rugby League.

In 2007, the league was incorporated into the wider British rugby league system and renamed the RLC Scottish Regional forming one of an eventual nine  Rugby League Conference regional divisions.

In 2011, the Rugby League Conference was dissolved due to a wider restructuring of amateur rugby league in Great Britain. The league became known as the Scottish National League for the 2012 season and came back under the control of Scotland Rugby League.

Scotland Rugby League
The Scotland Rugby League is the governing body for rugby league football in Scotland. It administers the Scottish National League and the Scotland national rugby league team.

The body joined the International Rugby League as an observer upon creation in 1994 before being upgraded to affiliate in 2007 and later full member in 2011.

In 2024, the body was downgraded to affiliate member due to noncompliance with the full membership criteria.
Wichita Thunder
The Wichita Thunder are a minor league hockey team based in Wichita, Kansas. The team played in the Central Hockey League from 1992 until 2014, and then in the ECHL since the 2014–15 season. From 1992 until December 2009, the Thunder played in the Britt Brown Arena located in the northern Wichita suburb of Park City. In January 2010 (the second half of the 2009–10 season), the team began playing its home games at the newly built Intrust Bank Arena. The Thunder are currently the ECHL affiliate of the San Jose Sharks.

Kansas Coliseum
Kansas Coliseum was an entertainment complex in unincorporated Sedgwick County, Kansas, United States.  It was located north of Wichita at the intersection of Interstate 135 and 85th Street North.

It hosted sporting events, concerts, shows, and consisted of four pavilions, an RV park, and the 9,686-seat Britt Brown Arena, named for Harry Britton (Britt) Brown Jr., of Wichita, the former owner of The Wichita Eagle newspaper. Arena capacity could be configured for up to 12,200 people.
Ukraine men's national basketball team
The Ukraine men's national basketball team (Ukrainian: збірна України з баскетболу, romanized: zbirna Ukrainy z basketbolu) represents Ukraine in international basketball competitions. They are controlled by the Basketball Federation of Ukraine.

After Ukrainian Independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, and joining FIBA in 1992, the national team played their first official match against England on 30 May 1993. Their biggest success so far on the international stage has been qualifying for the EuroBasket nine times, and reaching the FIBA World Cup for the first time in 2014.

2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup
The 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup was the 17th edition of the FIBA Basketball World Cup, the tournament previously known as the FIBA World Championship. The tournament was held from 30 August to 14 September 2014. Hosted by Spain, it was the last tournament to be held on the then-current four-year cycle. The next FIBA World Cup was held five years later, in 2019, to reset the four-year-cycle on a different year than the FIFA World Cup.

The United States won their fifth world championship, after beating silver medal-winning Serbia in the Final. France claimed the third place, while Lithuania finished fourth in the tournament.