hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adjustment of status
Adjustment of status in the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) of the United States refers to the legal process of conferring permanent residency upon any alien who is a refugee, asylee, nonpermanent resident, conditional entrant, parolee, and others physically present in the United States.

Cancellation of removal
Cancellation of removal is a provision of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) of the United States that allows some aliens who are in removal proceedings, who have lived in the United States for a long period of time and meet certain other conditions, to apply to remain in the United States and have the removal proceedings terminated. Cancellation of removal was crafted by the U.S. Congress to replace "suspension of deportation," a similar form of relief available prior to April 1, 1997.

Cancellation of removal is potentially available to aliens. A non-Lawful permanent resident (LPR) who is granted cancellation of removal becomes an LPR.
Lois DeBakey
Lois DeBakey (6 July 1920 – 15 June 2016) was an American professor of scientific communications at Baylor College of Medicine and Tulane University School of Medicine. and with her sister Selma, created the first medical school communication courses that were curriculum-approved. DeBakey served on the National Library of Medicine Board of Regents and was the sister of Michael DeBakey, the cardiovascular surgeon and medical educator.

Selma DeBakey
Selma DeBakey (3 December 1915 – 6 March 2013) was an American professor of scientific communication at Baylor College of Medicine who improved the field of medical writing and editing by designing and teaching courses to help doctors improve their academic writing and provide clear and concise medical information to patients. Selma worked closely with two of her siblings at Baylor College of Medicine, sister Lois DeBakey, a professor of scientific communication, and brother Michael DeBakey, a cardiovascular surgeon.
Miji languages
Miji, also given the dialect names Sajolang and Dhammai, is a dialect cluster traditionally counted as one of the Sino-Tibetan languages that is spoken in Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. The varieties are not particularly close, with only half of the vocabulary in common between the languages of East Kameng District and West Kameng District. Previously classified as Sino-Tibetan languages, Miji and the recently discovered Bangru language may instead form a small independent language family.

Bangru language
Bangru (Tadə Baŋru or Tadʑu Baŋru), also known as Ləvai (Ləwjɛ) and occasionally as Northern Miji is a language spoken in Sarli Circle, northern Kurung Kumey District by 1,500 people. Long unclassified due to poor documentation, it turns out to be related to the Miji languages.
Illinois Route 167
Illinois Route 167 (IL 167) is a 12.24-mile-long (19.70 km) east–west state road entirely located in Knox County in western Illinois. It runs from U.S. Route 34 (US 34) northeast of Wataga to IL 180 east of Victoria. The route is maintained by the Illinois Department of Transportation.

Illinois Route 180
Illinois Route 180 (IL 180) is a 15.43-mile-long (24.83 km) north–south state road located in Knox County in the central portion of the U.S. state of Illinois. It runs from U.S. Route 150 south of Williamsfield north to Illinois Route 17 south of Galva.
Swedish Pavilion
Swedish Pavilion is a historic 1904 exposition building in Lindsborg, Kansas, United States.  This building is contained on the grounds of the Lindsborg Old Mill & Swedish Heritage Museum at 120 Mill Street.

Lindsborg, Kansas
Lindsborg is a city in McPherson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,776. Lindsborg is known for its large Swedish, other Nordic and Scandinavian heritages. It is home to the biennial Svensk Hyllningsfest.
Cayman Islands English
Cayman Islands English, also called Caymanian English, is an English variety spoken in the Cayman Islands. Its early development was influenced by Early Modern English, Guinea Coast Creole English, and the Igbo and Twi languages of West Africa. More recent influences include Standard English, Jamaican Patois and African-American Vernacular English. It has been described as both a non-creole and a semi-creole, due to its differences from and similarity to Caribbean Creole languages.

About 90% of Caymanians speak English, as the official language of the islands, but Cayman Islands English encompasses a broad range of dialects. Bay Island English is a related English variant which developed from Cayman Islands English.

Bay Islands English
Bay Islands English is an English based creole spoken in the Bay Islands Department (Guanaja, Roatán, Utila), and the Caribbean coast of Honduras (most notably in the  Atlántida Department, and Colón Department). It includes influences from Spanish, Indigenous Languages, African Languages, and later other Caribbean English most notably from the Cayman Islands. Ethnologue reported that there were 22,500 native speakers in 2001. Mainlanders know this language as Caracol, which literally means "conch". Genealogically this variety descends from Cayman Islands English.
Manga Time Kirara Carat
Manga Time Kirara Carat (まんがタイムきららキャラット, Manga Taimu Kirara Kyaratto) is a Japanese seinen manga magazine published by Houbunsha and mainly consisting of four-panel comic strips. It is released on the 28th of each month. The first issue was released on January 18th 2003 as a special edition of Manga Time Kirara. The first independent issue was released on September 28th 2005.

Manga Time Kirara
Manga Time Kirara (まんがタイムきらら, Manga Taimu Kirara) is a Japanese magazine published by Houbunsha serializing mainly four-panel seinen manga. Issued on the 9th of each month, it was first published as a special edition of Houbunsha magazine Manga Time on May 17, 2002. The first independent issue was released on November 9, 2003. Characters from the magazine appear in crossover gacha game Kirara Fantasia.
Charles IV of Spain
Charles IV (Spanish: Carlos Antonio Pascual Francisco Javier Juan Nepomuceno José Januario Serafín Diego de Borbón y Sajonia; 11 November 1748 – 20 January 1819) was King of Spain and ruler of the Spanish Empire from 1788 to 1808.

The Spain inherited by Charles IV gave few indications of instability, but during his reign, Spain entered a series of disadvantageous alliances and his regime constantly sought cash to deal with the exigencies of war. He detested his son and heir Ferdinand, who led the unsuccessful El Escorial Conspiracy and later forced Charles's abdication after the Tumult of Aranjuez in March 1808, along with ousting Charles's widely hated first minister Manuel Godoy. Summoned to Bayonne by Napoleon Bonaparte, who forced Ferdinand VII to abdicate, Charles IV also abdicated, paving the way for Napoleon to place his elder brother Joseph Bonaparte on the throne of Spain. The reign of Charles IV turned out to be a major negative turning point in Spanish history.

Manuel Godoy
Manuel de Godoy y Álvarez de Faria Ríos, 1st Prince of the Peace (12 May 1767 – 4 October 1851) was First Secretary of State of the Kingdom of Spain from 1792 to 1797 and from 1801 to 1808. He was one of the central Spanish political figures during the rise of Napoleon and his invasion of Spain. Godoy came to power at a young age as the favourite of King Charles IV and Queen Maria Luisa, with whom he had a sexual relationship. He has been partly blamed for the Anglo-Spanish War of 1796–1808 that weakened the Spanish Empire. Godoy's unmatched power ended in 1808 with the Tumult of Aranjuez, which forced him into a long exile. He died in Paris in 1851.
Progress M-UM
Progress M-UM (Russian: Прогресс М-УМ), was a specially modified Progress M, Russian production No.303, used to deliver the Prichal module to the Russian Orbital Segment (ROS) of the International Space Station (ISS). It was launched on 24 November 2021 at 13:06:35 UTC. The spacecraft consisted of a Progress M propulsion compartment, with the pressurized cargo section of the spacecraft removed to accommodate Prichal. This was the 171st flight of a Progress spacecraft. It was the final flight of a Progress M and the first launch of a Progress spacecraft on a Soyuz 2.1b.

Prichal (ISS module)
Prichal (Russian: Причал, lit. 'pier'), also known as the Uzlovoy Module (UM, Russian: узловой модуль, romanized: Uzlovoy Modul, lit. 'Node Module') is a Russian-built component of the International Space Station (ISS). This spherical module has six docking ports (forward, aft, port, starboard, zenith, and nadir) to provide additional docking ports for Soyuz and Progress spacecraft, as well as potential future modules.

Prichal was launched on 24 November 2021, at 13:06:35 UTC, atop a Soyuz-2.1b rocket and guided automously into the nadir port of the Nauka module by a Progress M-UM spacecraft modified into a space tug and attached to the Prichal's nadir port. Once in place, the Progress spacecraft disconnected for a destructive reentry. As of 2024, the forward, aft, port and starboard docking ports remain covered.

Prichal was initially intended to be an element of the now canceled Orbital Piloted Assembly and Experiment Complex (OPSEK).
Virum
Virum is a mostly residential, suburban neighbourhood in Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality, located on both sides of Lyngby Kongevej, approximately 15 km north of central Copenhagen, Denmark. The neighbourhood is bordered by Lake Furesø to the west, Holte in Rudersdal Municipality to the north, Brede to the east and Kongens Lyngby and Sorgenfri to the south.

Brede, Denmark
Brede is a neighbourhood (Danish: bydel, a named neighbourhood) 14 km north of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is located east of Virum, south of Ørholm, west of Lundtofte and north of Sorgenfri. Frilandsmuseet (The Open Air Museum), and the heritage-listed former industrial complex Brede Works, are located in Brede. Nærumbanen stops in Brede. Vrede House, a Neoclassical mansion built for the owner of Brede Works, is now operated as a historic house museum.
Tell Atlas
The Tell Atlas (Arabic: الاطلس التلي, al-ʾaṭlas al-tlī) is a mountain chain over 1,500 km (932 mi) in length, belonging to the Atlas mountain ranges in North Africa, stretching mainly across northern Algeria, ending in north-eastern Morocco and north-western Tunisia.

The ranges of this system have an average elevation of about 1,500 m (4,900 ft) and form a natural barrier between the Mediterranean and the Sahara. Its highest summit is the 2,308 m (7,572 ft) high Lalla Khedidja in the Djurdjura Range.

Several large cities such as the Algerian capital, Algiers, with ~1,500,000 residents (2005) and Oran with ~770,000 residents (2005) lie at the base of the Tell Atlas. The Algerian city Constantine with approximately 505,000 residents (2005) lies 80 km inland and directly in the mountains at 650 meters in elevation. A number of smaller towns and villages are situated within the Tell; for example, Chiffa is nestled within the Chiffa gorge.

Atlas Mountains
The Atlas Mountains are a mountain range in the Maghreb in North Africa. They separate the Sahara Desert from the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean; the mountain range stretches around 2,500 km (1,600 mi) through Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. The mountains are associated with the Titan Atlas.  The range's highest peak is Toubkal, in central Morocco, with an elevation of 4,167 metres (13,671 ft). The Atlas Mountains are primarily inhabited by Berber populations.

The terms for 'mountain' are Adrar and adras in some Berber languages, and these terms are believed to be cognates of the toponym Atlas. The mountains are home to a number of animals and plants which are mostly found within Africa but some of which can be found in Europe. Many of these species are endangered and a few are already extinct. The weather is generally cool but summers are sunny, and the average temperature there is 25 °C.
1954–1955 Dhabyani coup attempt
From 1954 to 1955 two princes of the house of Al Nahyan; Zayed and Diab, received Saudi backing to stage a coup to retake the throne of Abu Dhabi which their father, Saqr, lost in a coup in 1928. This came amidst significant tension between Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom over the future of the Trucial States, with the Saudi government hoping a friendly Abu Dhabi would cede the Buraimi Oasis, which they were attempting to take over. However, an international tribunal would find in favor of Abu Dhabi in the territorial dispute, with one of the terms of the ruling being the Saudi cessation of support for the plot.

1928 Dhabyani coup d'état
In 1928 the Al Nahyan council of elders, led by Khalifa Al Nahyan orchestrated a coup against his brother, the ruling emir of Abu Dhabi Saqr Al Nahyan who himself had taken power in a coup in 1926, and assisted in orchestrating another coup in 1922
Apostolic Nunciature to Germany
The Apostolic Nunciature to Germany is an ecclesiastical office of the Roman Catholic Church in Germany. It is a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative is called the Apostolic Nuncio to Germany with the rank of an ambassador. The office of the nunciature has been located in Berlin since 1925, in union with the new Apostolic Nuncio to Prussia until 1934. Between 1920 and 1925 the nunciature was held in personal union by the Apostolic Nuncio to Bavaria, seated in Munich. With the unconditional surrender of Germany in 1945 the diplomatic ties were interrupted and reestablished for West Germany only in 1951, then in Bonn. In 2001 the nunciature moved again to Berlin.

Three Popes once served as nuncios in what is today's Germany: Alexander VII, Leo XII and Pius XII. As of 2014 the Apostolic Nuncio to Germany is Nikola Eterović, appointed by Pope Francis on September 21, 2013.

Apostolic Nunciature to Bavaria
The Apostolic Nunciature to Bavaria was an ecclesiastical office of the Roman Catholic Church in Bavaria. It was a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative was called the Apostolic Nuncio to Bavaria, a state – consecutively during the nunciature's existence – of the Holy Roman Empire, of its own sovereignty, and then of Imperial, Weimar and finally Nazi Germany. The office of the nunciature was located in Munich from 1785 to 1936. Prior to this, there was one nunciature in the Holy Roman Empire, which was the nunciature in Cologne, accredited to the Archbishop-Electorates of Cologne, Mainz and Trier.
Meghna River
The Meghna (Bengali: মেঘনা, romanized: Mēghnā) is one of the major rivers in Bangladesh, one of the three that form the Ganges Delta, the largest delta on earth, which fans out to the Bay of Bengal. A part of the Surma-Meghna River System, the Meghna is formed inside Bangladesh in Kishoreganj District above the town of Bhairab Bazar by the joining of the Surma and the Kushiyara, both of which originate in the hilly regions of eastern India as the Barak River. The Meghna meets its major tributary, the Padma, in Chandpur District. Other major tributaries of the Meghna include the Dhaleshwari, the Gumti, and the Feni. The Meghna empties into the Bay of Bengal in Bhola District via four principal mouths, named Tetulia (Ilsha), Shahbazpur, Hatia, and Bamni.

Padma River
The Padma (Bengali: পদ্মা, romanized: Pôdmā) is a major river in Bangladesh. It is the eastern and main distributary of the Ganges, flowing generally southeast for 356 kilometres (221 mi) to its confluence with the Meghna River, near the Bay of Bengal. The city of Rajshahi is situated on the banks of the river. Since 1966, over 66,000 hectares of land have been lost to erosion of the Padma.
Hillside, New Jersey
Hillside is a township in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 22,456, an increase of 1,052 (+4.9%) from the 2010 census count of 21,404, which in turn reflected a decline of 343 (−1.6%) from the 21,747 counted in the 2000 census.

Hillside was incorporated as a township on April 3, 1913, from portions of Union Township, based on the results of a referendum held on April 29, 1913. The township was named for the surrounding hills.

The township is split between area codes 908 and 973.

Union Township, Union County, New Jersey
Union Township is a township in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. In the 18th century, the area that is now Union was then called Connecticut Farms. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 59,728, its highest decennial census count ever and an increase of 3,086 (+5.4%) from the 2010 census count of 56,642, which in turn had reflected an increase of 2,237 (+4.1%) from the 54,405 counted at the 2000 census.
Opel 1,2 Liter
The Opel 1,2 Liter is a small car manufactured by Opel between 1931 and 1935. The 1,2 Liter was replaced in 1935 by the Opel P4 which was broadly similar but employed a new engine and continued in production until December 1937. For just one year, in 1933, the manufacturer also offered the Opel 1,0 Liter which was a smaller-engined version of the 1,2 Liter. The Opel 1,2 Liter replaced the last version of the Opel Laubfrosch and was itself first complemented and then effectively replaced by the more roomy Opel Kadett, which had itself already entered production in 1935.

Opel was Germany's top auto-producer throughout the 1930s. Between 1932 and 1936 this model was the manufacturer's top seller.

Opel Kadett
The Opel Kadett is a small family car produced by the German automobile manufacturer Opel from 1936 until 1940 and then from 1962 until 1991 (the Cabrio continued until 1993), when it was succeeded by the Opel Astra.

Originally, the Kadett was Opel's smallest model; however, as it grew in size with each generation (ultimately competing in the European C-segment), the Opel Corsa became GM/Opel's entry-level model.
National Income Life Insurance Company
National Income Life Insurance Company (NILICO) is an American insurance company providing supplemental life insurance to members of labor unions, credit unions, and associations. The company is based in Rochester, New York and is a subsidiary of American Income Life Insurance Company which is a subsidiary of Globe Life.

American Income Life Insurance Company
American Income Life Insurance Company  (AIL) is an American unionized private life insurance insurance company that provides supplemental life insurance to labor unions, credit unions, and associations. The parent company is Globe Life Insurance.

The company was founded in 1951 and the executive offices have been located in Waco, Texas, since 1959. American Income Life is licensed in 49 states, the District of Columbia, Canada, and is registered to carry on business in New Zealand. AIL also has two wholly owned subsidiaries: National Income Life Insurance Company, licensed in the state of New York, and Union Heritage Life Assurance Company Limited, licensed in the Republic of Ireland.

As of 2013, AIL had more than two million policyholders and was a wholly owned subsidiary of Globe Life, based in McKinney, Texas.
Edappally Raghavan Pillai
Edappally Raghavan Pillai (30 May 1909 – 4 July 1936) was an Indian poet of Malayalam literature and a close associate of Changampuzha Krishna Pillai. The pair, the front-runners of romanticism in Malayalam, was considered by many as the Shelley and Keats combination of Malayalam poetry. Kesari Balakrishna Pillai compared Pillai to the Italian poet, Giacomo Leopardi.

Changampuzha Krishna Pillai
Changampuzha Krishna Pillai  (10 October 1911 – 17 June 1948) was a celebrated Malayalam poet from Kerala, India, known for his elegy Ramanan which was written in 1936 and sold over 100,000 copies. It is a long pastoral elegy, a play written in the form of verse, allegedly based on the life of Changampuzha's friend Edappally Raghavan Pillai. It was adapted into a movie in 1967. He is credited with bringing poetry to the masses with his simple romantic style. He died of tuberculosis aged 36. His style influenced the next few generations of Malayalam poetry, notable among them was Vayalar Ramavarma, famous Malayalam lyricist.
HMS Salvia (K97)
HMS Salvia (K97) was a Flower-class corvette of the Royal Navy. She was ordered on the eve of the Second World War and entered service in September 1940. She rescued many survivors from the prison ship SS Shuntien when it was sunk on 23 December 1941. A few hours later, on Christmas Eve 1941, Salvia too was torpedoed. The corvette sank with all hands, and all of the survivors that she had rescued from Shuntien were also lost.

SS Shuntien (1934)
SS Shuntien was a 3,059 GRT coastal passenger and cargo liner of the British-owned The China Navigation Company Ltd (CNC). She was built in Hong Kong in 1934 and sunk by enemy action in the Mediterranean Sea with great loss of life in 1941. A Royal Navy corvette rescued most of Shuntien's survivors, but a few hours later the corvette too was sunk and no-one survived.
Sonny Corleone
Santino "Sonny" Corleone is a fictional character in Mario Puzo's 1969 novel The Godfather and its 1972 film adaptation.

He is the eldest son of the mafia boss don Vito Corleone and Carmela Corleone. He has two brothers, Fredo and Michael, and a sister, Connie. In the film, Sonny was portrayed by James Caan, who briefly reprised his role for a flashback scene in The Godfather Part II.

Director Francis Ford Coppola's son Roman Coppola played Sonny as a boy in the 1920s scenes of The Godfather Part II.

Michael Corleone
Michael Corleone is a fictional character and the protagonist of Mario Puzo's 1969 novel The Godfather. In the three Godfather films, directed by Francis Ford Coppola, Michael was portrayed by Al Pacino, for which he was twice nominated for Academy Awards. Michael is the youngest son of Vito Corleone, a Sicilian immigrant who builds a Mafia empire. Upon his father's death, Michael succeeds him as the don of the Corleone crime family.

In June 2003, Michael Corleone was recognized as the 11th most iconic villain in film history by the American Film Institute, although some critics consider him to be a tragic hero. The British film magazine Empire selected Michael Corleone as the 11th greatest movie character, with Pacino's performance as Michael Corleone widely regarded as one of the greatest performances in cinematic history.
Generalized map
In mathematics, a generalized map is a topological model which allows one to represent and to handle subdivided objects.  This model was defined starting from combinatorial maps in order to represent non-orientable and open subdivisions, which is not possible with combinatorial maps. The main advantage of generalized map is the homogeneity of one-to-one mappings in any dimensions, which simplifies definitions and algorithms comparing to combinatorial maps. For this reason, generalized maps are sometimes used instead of combinatorial maps, even to represent orientable closed partitions.

Like combinatorial maps, generalized maps are used as efficient data structure in image representation and processing, in geometrical modeling, they are related to simplicial set and to combinatorial topology, and this is a boundary representation model (B-rep or BREP), i.e. it represents object by its boundaries.

Combinatorial map
A combinatorial map is a combinatorial representation of a graph on an orientable surface. A combinatorial map may also be called a combinatorial embedding, a rotation system, an orientable ribbon graph, a fat graph, or a cyclic graph. More generally, an -dimensional combinatorial map 
is a combinatorial representation of a graph on an -dimensional orientable manifold.

Combinatorial maps are used as efficient data structures in image representation and processing, in geometrical modeling. This model is related to simplicial complexes and to combinatorial topology. A combinatorial map is a boundary representation model; it represents object by its boundaries.