hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf, sometimes called the Arabian Gulf, is a mediterranean sea in West Asia. The body of water is an extension of the Arabian Sea and the larger Indian Ocean located between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran (Persia). It is connected to the Gulf of Oman in the east by the Strait of Hormuz. The river delta of the Shatt al-Arab forms the north-west shoreline.

The Persian Gulf has many fishing grounds, extensive reefs (mostly rocky, but also coral), and abundant pearl oysters; however, its ecology has been damaged by industrialization and oil spills.

The Persian Gulf is in the Persian Gulf Basin, which is of Cenozoic origin and related to the subduction of the Arabian plate under the Zagros Mountains. The current flooding of the basin started 15,000 years ago due to rising sea levels of the Holocene glacial retreat.

Mediterranean seas
In oceanography, a mediterranean sea (/ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən/ MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən) is a mostly enclosed sea that has limited exchange of water with outer oceans and whose water circulation is dominated by salinity and temperature differences rather than by winds or tides. The eponymous Mediterranean Sea, for example, is almost completely enclosed by Africa, Asia, and Europe.
Pennsylvania Route 151
Pennsylvania Route 151 (PA 151) is a 13.3-mile-long (21.4 km) state highway located in Beaver County, Pennsylvania.  The western terminus of the route is at US 30 near Harshaville.  The eastern terminus is at PA 51 in South Heights.  The route heads through a mix of suburban and rural areas of southern Beaver County as a two-lane road except at the junction with I-376 near Gringo.

U.S. Route 30 in Pennsylvania
U.S. Route 30 (US 30) is a United States Numbered Highway that runs east–west across the southern part of Pennsylvania, passing through Pittsburgh and Philadelphia on its way from the West Virginia state line east to the Benjamin Franklin Bridge over the Delaware River into New Jersey.

In Pennsylvania, US 30 runs along or near the transcontinental Lincoln Highway, an auto trail which ran from San Francisco to New York City before the U.S. Numbered Highways were designated. The Lincoln Highway turned northeast at Philadelphia, however, using present US 1 and its former alignments to cross the Delaware River into Trenton, New Jersey.

Points of interest along US 30 include the Gettysburg Battlefield, Dutch Wonderland, the Flight 93 National Memorial, Fort Ligonier, Westmoreland Mall, Jennerstown Speedway Complex, Idlewild and Soak Zone, and Independence Mall at the Independence National Historical Park.
Libertador Avenue
Libertador Avenue is a major avenue in Montevideo, Uruguay. It stretches north from the Legislative Palace in Aguada to Plaza Fabini in Centro, and is named after Juan Antonio Lavalleja, revolutionary figure and politician, who led the group of the Thirty-Three Orientals in the insurrection for the independence of Oriental Province.

Plaza Fabini
Plaza Fabini (Spanish for 'Fabini Square') also known as Plaza del Entrevero, is a public square in the central business district of Montevideo, Uruguay. Located on 18 de Julio Avenue, on its north side starts Libertador Avenue.

Its main fountain has a bronze sculpture of José Belloni called 'El Entrevero', which acts as the monument to the unknown soldier. Under the square, there is a municipal exposition area called Subte Municipal.
Pawo Choyning Dorji
Pawo Choyning Dorji Druk Thuksey (Dzongkha: དཔའ་བོ་ཆོས་དབྱིངས་རྡོ་རྗི།; born 23 June 1983) is a Bhutanese filmmaker and photographer. His feature directorial debut Lunana: A Yak in the Classroom (2019) was nominated for Best International Feature Film at the 94th Academy Awards. His second film The Monk and the Gun (2023) was shortlisted for the Best International Feature Film for the 96th Academy Awards.

Dorji is the youngest recipient of Bhutan's highest civilian award, the Druk Thuksey, the Heart Son of the Thunder Dragon. It was bestowed to him by King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck. He is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. In June, 2024, Dorji received an Honorary Doctorate in the Fine Arts from his Alma Mater Lawrence University, and was the commencement speaker for the graduating class.

Royal Order of Bhutan
The Royal Order of Bhutan (Dzongkha: Druk Thuksey / Druk Thugsey, meaning "Heart Son of the Thunder Dragon") is a medal awarded by the King of Bhutan. It was established by Jigme Dorji Wangchuck in 1966 and redesigned in 2008.
Prince René of Bourbon-Parma
Prince René of Bourbon-Parma (17 October 1894 – 30 July 1962) was the seventh surviving son of Robert I, Duke of Parma, and his second wife, Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal. In 1921, he married Princess Margaret of Denmark. They had four children including Anne, the wife of Michael I, former King of Romania.

Infanta Maria Antónia of Portugal
Infanta Maria Antónia of Portugal (Portuguese: Maria Antónia Adelaide Camila Carolina Eulália Leopoldina Sofia Inês Francisca de Assis e de Paula Micaela Rafaela Gabriela Gonzaga Gregória Bernardina Benedita Andrea; 28 November 1862 – 14 May 1959) was the seventh and last child of Miguel I of Portugal and Adelaide of Löwenstein.
V. Bhashyam Aiyangar
Diwan Bahadur Sir Vembakkam Bhashyam Aiyangar Kt. CIE (January 1844 – 18 November 1908) was a lawyer and jurist in British India who served as the first Indian Advocate-General of the Madras Presidency and later, as a Justice of the High Court of Madras.

As a Vakil he was easily the undisputed leader of the Madras bar; he was described as in his heyday, the 'greatest jurist in India', 'India's foremost lawyer', 'perhaps the great Indian lawyer of modern times', and 'a gigantic intellect' who was 'ultimately worshipped as a legal genius', credited with establishing the fundamental credibility of the office of Vakil against that of Barrister.

He was a central figure in the first generation of the Mylapore clique, and the patriarch of the Vembaukum family.

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
Yevstafii Skryplev
Yevstafii Vasilievich Skryplev (Russian: Евстафий Васильевич Скрыплев) was a Russian military officer who defected to Qajar Iran, where he became commander of the Bogatyr battalion of the Qajar army. Upon repatriation to Russia, he became a successful Cossack commander in the Caucasian Host, eventually gaining the rank of ataman as well.

Bogatyr battalion
The Bogatyr battalion (Russian: Батальон богатырей; Persian: گردان بهادران Gordān e Bahādorān) was a battalion made up of deserters from the Russian army formed in 19th-century Iran, primarily during and for a time after the era of the Russo-Iranian Wars.
Tetraethylammonium chloride
Tetraethylammonium chloride (TEAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound with the chemical formula [N(CH2CH3)4]+Cl−, sometimes written as [NEt4]Cl. In appearance, it is a hygroscopic, colorless, crystalline solid. It has been used as the source of tetraethylammonium ions in pharmacological and physiological studies, but is also used in organic chemical synthesis.

Tetraethylammonium
Tetraethylammonium (TEA) is a quaternary ammonium cation with the chemical formula [Et4N]+, consisting of four ethyl groups (−C2H5, denoted Et) attached to a central nitrogen atom. It is a counterion used in the research laboratory to prepare lipophilic salts of inorganic anions. It is used similarly to tetrabutylammonium, the difference being that its salts are less lipophilic, more easily crystallized and more toxic.

Tetraethylammonium is a potassium channel blocker. It inhibits the return to the resting potential of action potentials in neurons by binding to the voltage-gated potassium channels in nerve cell membranes and blocking the passage of potassium ions (responsible for the repolarization of an action potential) out of the neuron.
Canary Wharf
Canary Wharf is a privately owned financial district in London, England, located in the Isle of Dogs in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The Greater London Authority defines it as part of London's central business district. With the City of London and the West End, it constitutes one of the main financial centres in the United Kingdom and the world, containing many major global companies and banks' headquarters and high-rise buildings, including the third-tallest in the UK, One Canada Square.

The district was developed on the site of the former West India Docks in East London. Canary Wharf, together with Heron Quays and Wood Wharf, forms the Canary Wharf Estate, covering around 97 acres (39 ha).

One Canada Square
One Canada Square is a skyscraper in Canary Wharf, London. It is the third tallest building in the United Kingdom at 770 feet (235 m) above ground level, and contains 50 floors. It achieved the title of the tallest building in the UK upon completion in 1991 and held the title for 21 years until the completion of The Shard (310m) in 2012.
Frog (Malaysian politics)
In Malaysian politics, a frog (Malay: katak politik, کاتق ڤوليتيک; Kadazandusun: buhangkut politik) refers to an act where a politician crosses the bench from one party to another (changing support). This term was first coined in during the 1994 Sabah state elections after United Sabah Party losing its majority even the party won the state elections. Despite its usage nationwide, it is more familiar within the state of Sabah. Since May 25, 2023, nine (9) states of Malaysia has approved the Parties hopping prevention law also known as the "Anti-Switching Parties Law" or "Anti-Hopping Parties Law" for both Parliament and State legislative assembly including Sabah and Sarawak.

1994 Sabah state election
The 1994 Sabah state election was held between Friday, 18 February and Saturday, 19 February 1994. Nomination day was 7 February 1994. The election was one of the most controversial election in Sabah's political history. The election was won by the incumbent ruling party (although the opposition at federal level) Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS), winning 25 seats against 23 won by the federal government's ruling Barisan Nasional coalition.
IPod Shuffle
The iPod Shuffle (stylized and marketed as iPod shuffle) is a discontinued digital audio player designed and formerly marketed by Apple. It was the smallest model in Apple's iPod family, and was the first iPod to use flash memory. The first model was announced at the Macworld Conference & Expo on January 11, 2005; the fourth- and final-generation models were introduced on September 1, 2010. The iPod Shuffle was discontinued by Apple on July 27, 2017.

Macworld/iWorld
Macworld/iWorld (originally Macworld) was an information technology trade show with conference tracks dedicated to Apple's Mac platform. It was held annually in the United States during January. Originally Macworld Expo and then Macworld Conference & Exposition, the gathering dates back to 1985. The conference was organized by International Data Group (IDG), co-publisher of Macworld magazine.

On December 18, 2008, Apple announced that the 2009 Macworld Conference & Expo would be the last in which the company participates. On October 14, 2014, IDG suspended Macworld/iWorld indefinitely.
Ángel Azteca
Juan Manuel Zúñiga (June 24, 1963 – March 18, 2007) was a Mexican professional wrestler, or Luchador as they are called in Spanish, best known for working under the ring name Ángel Azteca (Aztec Angel) since the late 1980s. Zúñiga is not related to wrestlers "Ángel Azteca, Jr." and "Ángel Azteca II", instead they paid Zúñiga to use the name and image. As Ángel Azteca Zúñiga worked as an enmascarado, or masked wrestler, until losing a match against Arkangel de la Muerte in 2003 where he was forced to unmask.

Zúñiga died of a heart attack on March 18, 2007, only a few hours after wrestling in the main event of a local promotion.

Super Parka
Ramón Ibarra Banda (born May 24, 1956) is a Mexican luchador, or professional wrestler, working under the ring name Super Parka. Ibarra previously worked as Volador from 1990 until 1997 and as Super Parka ever since. Ibarra is the father of Luchador Volador Jr., the grandfather of Flyer and the uncle of L.A. Park (the original La Parka), who was the inspiration for the "Super Parka" character. Throughout his career he has worked for most of the major Mexican wrestling promotions including Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL), Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA), International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG) and the World Wrestling Association (WWA) but works primarily on the Mexican and US independent circuit. While he has been unmasked in Mexico, Ibarra still wears the "Super Parka" mask when wrestling in the United States.
Quilp
Daniel Quilp is one of the main antagonists in the novel The Old Curiosity Shop by Charles Dickens, written in 1840. Quilp is a vicious, ill-tempered and grotesque dwarf and is the villain of the story. Quilp is as near as Dickens ever came to creating a monster. Actors who have portrayed him include Hay Petrie, Anthony Newley, Patrick Troughton, Trevor Peacock, and Toby Jones.

The Old Curiosity Shop
The Old Curiosity Shop is the fourth novel by English author Charles Dickens; being one of his two novels (the other being Barnaby Rudge) published along with short stories in his weekly serial Master Humphrey's Clock, from 1840 to 1841. It was so popular that New York readers reputedly stormed the wharf when the ship bearing the final instalment arrived in 1841.

The Old Curiosity Shop was printed in book form in 1841 in two volumes. Queen Victoria read the novel that year and found it "very interesting and cleverly written".

The plot follows the journey of Nell Trent and her grandfather, both residents of The Old Curiosity Shop in London, whose lives are thrown into disarray and destitution due to the machinations of an evil moneylender and the grandfather's addiction to gambling.
The Haunted (Swedish band)
The Haunted is a Swedish heavy metal band from Gothenburg, formed in 1996. The original members were Anders and Jonas Björler, Peter Dolving, Adrian Erlandsson and Patrik Jensen. Both of the Björler brothers and Erlandsson were members of the seminal melodic death metal band At the Gates, a pioneering force in the Swedish death metal scene.

The band currently consists of Marco Aro (vocals), Patrik Jensen (rhythm guitar), Ola Englund (lead guitar), Jonas Bjorler (bass), and Adrian Erlandsson (drums).

Anders Björler
Anders Björler (born 26 February 1973) is a Swedish musician. He is best known as the lead guitarist in the metal bands The Haunted and At the Gates, alongside his bass-playing twin brother Jonas Björler.

Björler has also directed, edited and produced music videos, documentaries and in-the-studio features for bands such as In Flames, Dark Tranquillity and Meshuggah, as well as his own bands.
Hamilton 400
The Hamilton 400 was a V8 Supercar motor racing event held on the Hamilton Street Circuit, Hamilton, New Zealand. The event was held from 2008 to 2012, and is one of only three New Zealand circuits to host a championship round of V8 Supercars.

Auckland SuperSprint
The Auckland SuperSprint was an annual motor racing event for Supercars, held at Pukekohe Park Raceway in Pukekohe, New Zealand. The event was a regular part of the Supercars Championship—and its previous incarnations, the Shell Championship Series and V8 Supercars Championship—since 2001.

The event was not held in 2020 and 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Supercars returned to New Zealand and the Pukekoke Park Raceway circuit on September 10–11 for Round 10 of the 2022 season.
Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby
Edward Henry Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby (21 July 1826 – 21 April 1893; known as Lord Stanley from 1851 to 1869) was a British statesman. He served as Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs twice, from 1866 to 1868 and from 1874 to 1878, and also twice as Colonial Secretary in 1858 and from 1882 to 1885.

Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby
Frederick Arthur Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby (known as Hon. Frederick Stanley until 1886 and Lord Stanley of Preston between 1886–1893; 15 January 1841 – 14 June 1908) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom who served as Colonial Secretary from 1885 to 1886 and Governor General of Canada from 1888 to 1893. An avid sportsman, he built Stanley House Stables in England and is famous in North America for presenting Canada with the Stanley Cup, the championship trophy in ice hockey. Stanley was also one of the original inductees of the Hockey Hall of Fame.
Distributed ledger
A distributed ledger (also called a shared ledger or distributed ledger technology or DLT) is a system whereby replicated, shared, and synchronized digital data is geographically spread (distributed) across many sites, countries, or institutions. In contrast to a centralized database, a distributed ledger does not require a central administrator, and consequently does not have a single (central) point-of-failure.

In general, a distributed ledger requires a peer-to-peer (P2P) computer network and consensus algorithms so that the ledger is reliably replicated across distributed computer nodes (servers, clients, etc.). The most common form of distributed ledger technology is the blockchain (commonly associated with cryptocurrency), which can either be on a public or private network. Infrastructure for data management is a common barrier to implementing DLT.

Consensus (computer science)
A fundamental problem in distributed computing and multi-agent systems is to achieve overall system reliability in the presence of a number of faulty processes. This often requires coordinating processes to reach consensus, or agree on some data value that is needed during computation. Example applications of consensus include agreeing on what transactions to commit to a database in which order, state machine replication, and atomic broadcasts. Real-world applications often requiring consensus include cloud computing, clock synchronization, PageRank, opinion formation, smart power grids, state estimation, control of UAVs (and multiple robots/agents in general), load balancing, blockchain, and others.
2024 SEC Championship Game
The 2024 SEC Championship Game was a college football game played on December 7, 2024, at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta. It was the 33rd SEC Championship Game and determined the champion of the 2025 season. The game featured the Texas Longhorns, the No. 1 seed, and the Georgia Bulldogs, the No. 2 seed. The game began at 4:00 p.m. EST and was broadcast on ABC for the first time since 2000, replacing CBS. Georgia defeated Texas 22–19 in overtime, earning an automatic bid in the 2024–25 College Football Playoff; it was the first time ever that the SEC championship Game has gone to overtime.

2024 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The 2024 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the University of Georgia as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was led by ninth-year head coach Kirby Smart, who notched his 100th win as head coach during the season.

The Bulldogs went 11–3 and won the SEC Championship Game against Texas, 22–19 in overtime. After the end of the season with Georgia's 23–10 loss to eventual runners-up Notre Dame at the Sugar Bowl, Smart called the season "the toughest year of my tenure. Easily the toughest of my tenure."
The Twelve of England
The Twelve of England (in Portuguese: Os Doze de Inglaterra) is a Portuguese chivalric legend of 15th-century origin, famously related by the poet Luís de Camões in his 1572 Os Lusíadas (Canto VI). It tells the story of twelve Portuguese knights who travelled to England at the request of twelve English ladies to avenge their insult by a group of English knights.

Luís de Camões
Luís Vaz de Camões (European Portuguese: [luˈiʒ ˈvaʒ ðɨ kaˈmõjʃ]; c. 1524 or 1525 – 10 June 1580), sometimes rendered in English as Camoens or Camoëns (/ˈkæmoʊənz/ KAM-oh-ənz), is considered Portugal's and the Portuguese language's greatest poet. His mastery of verse has been compared to that of Shakespeare, Milton, Vondel, Homer, Virgil and Dante. He wrote a considerable amount of lyrical poetry and drama but is best remembered for his epic work Os Lusíadas (The Lusiads). His collection of poetry The Parnasum of Luís de Camões was lost during his life. The influence of his masterpiece Os Lusíadas is so profound that Portuguese is sometimes called the "language of Camões".

The day of his death, 10 June O.S., is Portugal's national day.
Thomas Frank (political commentator)
Thomas Carr Frank (born March 21, 1965) is an American political analyst, and historian. He co-founded and edited The Baffler magazine. Frank is the author of the books What's the Matter with Kansas? (2004) and Listen, Liberal (2016), among others. From 2008 to 2010 he wrote "The Tilting Yard", a column in The Wall Street Journal.

A historian of culture and ideas, Frank analyzes trends in American electoral politics and propaganda, advertising, popular culture, mainstream journalism, and economics. His topics include the rhetoric and impact of culture wars in American political life and the relationship between politics, economics, and culture in the United States.

What's the Matter with Kansas? (book)
What's the Matter with Kansas? How Conservatives Won the Heart of America (2004) is a book by American journalist and historian Thomas Frank, which explores the rise of populist and anti-elitist conservatism in the United States, centering on the experience of Kansas, Frank's native state. In the late 19th century, says Frank, Kansas was known as a hotbed of the left-wing populist movement, but in recent decades, it has become overwhelmingly conservative. The book was published in Britain and Australia as What's the Matter with America?

What's the Matter with Kansas? spent 18 weeks on the New York Times Bestseller List.
Ágoston Pável
Ágoston Pável, also known in Slovenian as Avgust Pavel (28 August 1886, Cankova, Kingdom of Hungary, today in Slovenia – 2 January 1946, Szombathely, Hungary) was a Hungarian Slovene poet, ethnologist, linguist and teacher.

Hungarian Slovenes
Hungarian Slovenes (Slovene: Madžarski Slovenci, Hungarian: Magyarországi szlovének) are an autochthonous ethnic and linguistic Slovene minority living in Hungary. The largest groups are the Rába Slovenes (Slovene: porabski Slovenci, dialectically: vogrski Slovenci, bákerski Slovenci, porábski Slovenci) in the Rába Valley in Hungary between the town of Szentgotthárd and the borders with Slovenia and Austria. They speak the Prekmurje Slovene dialect. Outside the Rába Valley, Slovenes mainly live in the Szombathely region and in Budapest.