hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hobs Moat
Hobs Moat is a ruined 12th-century castle located to the west of Hobs Moat Road and north of Castle Lane in Olton in Solihull, England. The site is designated a scheduled ancient monument, however, only the earthworks remain above the ground level.

Olton
Olton is an area/suburban village within the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull in the West Midlands, England. In the 13th century, the Lords of the Manor moved their seat and formed a new settlement, at the junction of two major roads. It was then that Ulverlei was being referred to as 'Oulton' (meaning 'old town') to distinguish itself from nearby Solihull. Historically within the county of Warwickshire, the village has gradually become contiguous with Solihull to the southeast, though it retains the character of a large independent village.

It is located on the A41 between Solihull town centre 4 miles (6.4 km), Acocks Green, 2 miles (3.2 km) and Birmingham 5.7 miles (9.2 km). Dating back over a 1,000 years, it is a now a residential suburb. Many of the large houses built in St. Bernard's Road, Grange Road and Kineton Green Road during the Victorian and Edwardian period form part of one of Solihull's conservation areas.
George Carlos Whitcomb
George Carlos Whitcomb (December 28, 1821 - June 18, 1901) was a Minnesota militiaman, military officer, educator, merchant, and early prominent citizen of Meeker County, Minnesota. During the Dakota War of 1862 Whitcomb is known for raising a company of militia in Forest City, Minnesota during the Attack on Forest City by the Dakota people.

Attack on Forest City
The Attack on Forest City was a skirmish of the Dakota War of 1862. After fighting two engagements at Acton and Hutchinson, Chief Little Crow attacked the stockaded town of Forest City on September 4, 1862. The attack resulted in sporadic shootouts, the burning of several buildings, and the theft of horses found around the town, but the defenders repelled any attempt to damage the fort. After the attack, Little Crow's men moved on to Hutchinson.
Emerson McMillin
Emerson McMillin (April 16, 1844 - May 30, 1922) was an American financier and banker. The head of the banking house of Emerson McMillin, McMillin won a commission through "gallant conduct under fire" fighting for the Union Army in the Civil War, before moving to the Ohio Valley to work in the iron works and steel industries. He founded American Light and Traction in 1900 and became president.

American Light and Traction
American Light and Traction was founded in 1900 for the purpose for consolidating the utility industry's small, local power suppliers.  By 1901, American Light and Traction owned and controlled over 40 gas producing plants, electric light and traction (streetcar) properties.
Hilton Grand Vacations Club
Hilton Grand Vacations Club is a timeshare property located on the northern end of the Las Vegas Strip in Winchester, Nevada. The property was previously occupied by the El Rancho Vegas hotel and casino from 1941 until 1960, when it burned down. The land remained vacant until 2001, when Hilton Grand Vacations purchased a portion of the property and began construction of a 28-story timeshare tower.

Construction was postponed after the September 11 attacks, as hotels owned by Hilton Hotels Corporation were financially suffering from a lack of tourism as a result of the attacks. Construction resumed in 2002, and the tower opened in February 2004. A second tower, standing 38 stories, began construction later that year and was completed in 2006.

Las Vegas Strip
The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard in Clark County, Nevada, that is known for its concentration of resort hotels and casinos. The Strip, as it is known, is about 4.2 mi (6.8 km) long, and is immediately south of the Las Vegas city limits in the unincorporated towns of Paradise and Winchester, but is often referred to simply as "Las Vegas".

Many of the largest hotel casino and resort properties in the world are on the Strip. Its hotels, casinos, restaurants, residential high-rises, entertainment offerings, and skyline have established the Strip as one of the most popular and iconic tourist destinations in the world and is one of the driving forces for Las Vegas's economy. Most of the Strip has been designated as an All-American Road, and the North and South Las Vegas Strip routes are classified as Nevada Scenic Byways and National Scenic Byways.
Razambek Zhamalov
Razambek Salambekovich Zhamalov (Russian: Разамбек Саламбекович Жамалов; born 1 July 1998) is a Chechen-born Uzbek freestyle wrestler who competes at 74 kilograms. The 2020 Individual World Cup winner and 2019 U23 World champion, Zhamalov claimed the gold medal at the 2024 Summer Olympics, representing Uzbekistan. He was also a two-time Russian National champion and four-time finalist before transferring to Uzbekistan.

David Baev
David Baev (Russian: Баев Давид Альбертович, Ossetian: Байаты Алберты фырт Давид; born November 7, 1997, in Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia-Alania) is a Russian freestyle wrestler of Ossetian descent who competes at 70 kilograms. In 2019, he claimed gold at the 2019 World Cup, the Russian National Championship and the World Championship.
Houghton Giants
The Houghton Giants were a minor league baseball team based in Houghton, Michigan. In 1906 and 1907, the "Giants" played as members of the Northern-Copper Country League. The Giants were preceded in minor league play by the "Houghton" team that played as members of the independent Upper Peninsula League in 1890 and 1891, winning the 1890 league championship. Houghton first hosted home minor league games at the East Houghton Grounds and then at Ripley Sands Park.

Calumet Aristocrats
The Calumet Aristocrats were a minor league baseball team based in Laurium, Michigan. The city was called "Calumet" in the era. The Aristocrats were members of the Class D level Copper Country Soo League in 1904 and 1905 and the Class C level Northern-Copper Country League in 1906 and 1907.  The Calumet Red Jackets preceded the Aristocrats, playing in 1890 and 1891 as members of the Upper Peninsula League. Calumet teams won league championships in 1891 and 1906 and a league pennant in 1905.

Calumet hosted minor league home games at Athletic Park with select games held at Larium Park. Today, Athletic Park is known as Agassiz Park.
Pinnacle Entertainment
Pinnacle Entertainment, Inc. was an American gambling and hospitality company. It was acquired by Penn National Gaming in 2018. At the time of acquisition, it operated sixteen casino properties, located in Colorado, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, Pennsylvania, and Ohio, and a horse track in Texas.

Penn Entertainment
Penn Entertainment, Inc., formerly Penn National Gaming, is an American entertainment company and operator of integrated entertainment, sports content, and casino gambling. It operates 43 properties in 20 states, under brands including Hollywood Casino, Ameristar, and Boomtown. It also owns the Canadian digital media company Score Media and Gaming.

It also offers sports betting in 17 U.S. jurisdictions and online casino gaming in five, under the brand theScore Bet.
Johann Baptist Moroder
Johann Baptist Moroder (Urtijëi, 20 February 1870 - Urtijëi, 24 May 1932) was an Austrian sculptor.
He mainly focused on sculptures of bigger sizes representing Christian sacred figures; nowadays his works are mainly spread in the Italian region of Alto Adige.

Urtijëi
Urtijëi (Ladin: [uʀtiˈʒɜi̯] ⓘ; German: St. Ulrich in Gröden [zaŋkt ˈʊlrɪç ɪn ˈɡrøːdn̩]; Italian: Ortisei [ortiˈzɛi]) is a town of 4,637 inhabitants in South Tyrol in northern Italy. It occupies the Val Gardena within the Dolomites, a mountain chain that is part of the Alps.
Barossa Valley
The Barossa Valley (Barossa German: Barossa Tal) is a valley in South Australia located 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Adelaide city centre. The valley is formed by the North Para River. It is notable as a major wine-producing region and tourist destination.

The Barossa Valley Way is the main road through the valley, connecting the main towns on the valley floor of Nuriootpa, Tanunda, Rowland Flat and Lyndoch. The Barossa Trail walking and cycling path is 40 kilometres (25 mi) long, and passes the main towns, starting from near Gawler on the Adelaide Plains, to Angaston to the east of the valley.

Lyndoch, South Australia
Lyndoch  is a town in Barossa Valley, located on the Barossa Valley Highway between Gawler and Tanunda, 58 km northeast of Adelaide. The town has an elevation of 175m and an average rainfall of 560.5mm. It is one of the oldest towns in South Australia.

The town is now primarily a service centre for the surrounding grape and wine industry and a dormitory town with a significant number of local residents commuting to the city of Adelaide each day for employment.

Lyndoch is in the Barossa Council. It is in the state electoral district of Schubert and the federal Division of Barker.
Clitheroe railway station
Clitheroe railway station serves the town of Clitheroe in Lancashire, England. The station is situated on the Ribble Valley line, and is operated by Northern Trains. It is 10 miles (16 km) north of Blackburn. The station forms part of Clitheroe Interchange, which has won a number of awards.

Clitheroe Interchange
Clitheroe Interchange is the main transport interchange in the market town of Clitheroe and the Ribble Valley district in Lancashire, England. It consists of several bus stops, Clitheroe railway station and a coach parking space. It is operated and maintained by Lancashire County Council. All trains are run by Northern. The ticket and information office permanently closed on 5 February 2020 due to a loss in funding.
Lynching of Arthur Jordan
Arthur Jordan (1855 – January 19, 1880) was a Black man who was murdered via lynching in Warrenton, Virginia, United States by a hooded mob of 50-60 individuals after they kidnapped him from jail. Arthur was lynched by a mob led by Nathan Corder. Nathan had found out his daughter, Elvira, had been in a relationship with Arthur, had become pregnant and had eloped. Arthur was never formally charged with miscegenation.

Jordan had worked for Nathan Corder, the father of Elvira Corder, for several years prior to the two becoming romantically involved.

Warrenton, Virginia
Warrenton is a town in Fauquier County, Virginia, United States. It is the county seat. The population was 10,057 as of the 2020 census, an increase from 9,611 at the 2010 census and 6,670 at the 2000 census. The estimated population in July 2021 was 10,109. It is at the junction of U.S. Route 15, U.S. Route 17, U.S. Route 29, and U.S. Route 211. The town is in the Piedmont region of Virginia just east of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The well-known Airlie Conference Center is 3 miles (5 km) north of Warrenton, and the historic Vint Hill Farms military facility is 9 miles (14 km) east. Fauquier Hospital is located in the town. Surrounded by Virginia wine and horse country, Warrenton is a popular destination outside Washington, D.C.

Warrenton shares some services with the county, such as schools and the county landfill. The area was home to Bethel Military Academy.
Germania (St. Paul's Church, Frankfurt am Main)
Germania is the name of a painting that was probably created in March 1848. It hung in the St. Paul's Church (Paulskirche) in Frankfurt, Germany. At that time, first the so-called Pre-Parliament and then the Frankfurt National Assembly, the first all-German parliament, met there. The National Assembly was a popular motif of the time, so the Germania painting also became very well-known. After the National Assembly was violently terminated in May 1849, the painting was taken down. In 1867 it was moved to the German National Museum in Nuremberg.

The painting is one of the best-known representations of Germania, a woman who stands for Germany. Such a national allegory also exists in other countries. The motif was often taken up during the time of the emerging German Empire 1848/1849 and later.

Germanisches Nationalmuseum
The Germanisches Nationalmuseum is a museum in Nuremberg, Germany. Founded in 1852,  it houses a large collection of items relating to German culture and art extending from prehistoric times through to the present day. The museum is Germany's largest museum of cultural history. Out of its total holding of some 1.3 million objects (including the holdings of the library and the Department of Prints and Drawings), approximately 25,000 are exhibited.

The museum is situated in the south of the historic city center between Kornmarkt and Frauentormauer along the medieval city wall. Its entrance hall is situated on Kartäusergasse which was transformed by the Israeli sculptor Dani Karavan to the Way of Human Rights (German: Straße der Menschenrechte).
Equity-linked note
An equity-linked note (ELN) is a debt instrument, usually a bond issued by a financial institution such as an investment bank or a subsidiary of a commercial bank. ELNs are liabilities of the issuer, but the final payout to the investor is based on an unrelated company's stock price, a stock index or a group of stocks or stock indices. The underlying stocks typically have large market capitalizations. Equity-linked notes are a type of structured product and are often marketed to unsophisticated retail investors.

Equity-linked notes come in various forms, including the following.

Structured product
A structured product, also known as a market-linked investment, is a pre-packaged structured finance investment strategy based on a single security, a basket of securities, options, indices, commodities, debt issuance or foreign currencies, and to a lesser extent, derivatives.
Structured products are not homogeneous — there are numerous varieties of derivatives and underlying assets — but they can be classified under the aside categories.
Typically, a desk will employ a specialized "structurer" to design and manage its structured-product offering.
Yakubu Nabame
Yakubu Nabame (c. 1819–1854) was the King of Argungu and leader of the Kebbawa resistance from 1849 until his death in 1854. He is best known for reigniting and leading the struggle for independence against the Sokoto Caliphate, which had conquered Kebbi during its early 19th-century jihad. After years of exile at the Caliph's palace in Sokoto, Nabame returned to Kebbi, declared himself Sarkin Kebbi ('Lord of Kebbi') in 1849, and initiated a revolt that marked the first major territorial loss for the Caliphate outside Bornu. His resistance ended an 18-year truce and continued until the fall of the Caliphate in 1903, cementing Kebbi's independence as an irreversible reality. Nabame is remembered as a heroic figure in Kebbi's history.

Argungu Emirate
The Argungu Emirate, also known as the Kebbi Emirate is a traditional state based on the town of Argungu in Kebbi State, Nigeria. It is the successor to the ancient Hausa Kingdom of Kebbi.
The Emirate is one of four in Kebbi State, the others being the Gwandu Emirate, Yauri Emirate and Zuru Emirate.
495th Fighter Squadron
The 495th Fighter Squadron (495th FS), nicknamed the Valkyries, is part of the 48th Fighter Wing at RAF Lakenheath, United Kingdom. Having been reactivated on 1 October 2021, it became the first overseas United States Air Force squadron to operate the Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II on 15 December 2021.

The unit had previously operated the General Dynamics F-111F Aardvark at RAF Lakenheath between 1977 and 1991.

48th Fighter Wing
The 48th Fighter Wing (48 FW) is part of the United States Air Force's Third Air Force, assigned to Headquarters Air Command Europe and United States Air Forces in Europe.  It is based at RAF Lakenheath, England. The 48 FW is the only McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle wing based in Europe which hosts two F-15E Strike Eagle squadrons. The wing also hosts two Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II squadrons. The 48 FW was given the name "Statue of Liberty Wing" on 4 July 1954 and remains the only U.S. Air Force unit with both a name and a numerical designation.

The 48 FW operates in support of United States Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa, United States European Command and NATO.
Genga, California
Genga, alternative spelling Gengaa and Kengaa, was a Tongva and Acjachemen village located on Newport Mesa overlooking the Santa Ana River in the Newport Beach and Costa Mesa, California area which included an open site now referred to as Banning Ranch. Archaeological evidence dates the village at over 9,000 years old. Villagers were recorded as Gebit in Spanish Mission records. The village may have been occupied as late as 1829 or 1830.

An attempt in 2001 to preserve a nearby 9,000 year old village site from commercial development failed. A similar attempt to save a burial site of Genga in the 2010s also failed. This has initiated concerns over preservation in the area. A large part of the contemporary site of Genga situated in Banning Ranch may be transformed into a public open space as of 2022. The Tongva and Acjachemen support having a voice in the process.

Costa Mesa, California
Costa Mesa (/ˌkoʊstə ˈmeɪsə/ KOH-stə MAY-sə; Spanish for 'Mesa Coast') is a city in Orange County, California, United States. Since its incorporation in 1953, the city has grown from a semi-rural farming community of 16,840 to an urban area including part of the South Coast Plaza–John Wayne Airport edge city, one of the region's largest commercial clusters, with an economy based on retail, commerce, and light manufacturing. The population was 111,918 at the 2020 census.
Lekh Tandon
Lekh Tandon (13 February 1929 – 15 October 2017) was an Indian filmmaker and actor. He had directed numerous Bollywood movies and Indian TV Serials. He gained national fame due to success of his directorial ventures Professor, Prince, Ek Baar Kaho and Agar Tum Na Hote. His films Amrapali starring Sunil Dutt and Agar Tum Na Hote starring Rajesh Khanna are considered as 
classics.  Later after 2000, he had acted in movies such as Swades, Rang De Basanti,  Chennai Express and Chaarfutiya Chhokare. He was the brother of Urdu playwright Yograj Tandon.

Prince (1969 film)
Prince is a 1969 Indian Hindi-language film produced by F. C. Mehra and directed by Lekh Tandon. The film stars Shammi Kapoor with Vyjayanthimala in the lead while Rajendranath, Ajit, Helen, Leela Chitnis and Asit Sen form an ensemble cast. The film's music was composed by Shankar Jaikishan with lyrics by Hasrat Jaipuri and Faruk Qaiser. Prince is a drama set in the times of resurgent India when the nation threw off the British yoke, but some states still languished under the Princely yoke. It is the story of a Prince who brought about his own downfall so that he may rise as a human being. Vyjayanthimala got married in 1968 and then completed this film in 1969.

The rights to this film are owned by Shah Rukh Khan's Red Chillies Entertainment.
Ampelomyces quisqualis
Ampelomyces quisqualis is an anamorphic fungus that is a hyperparasite of powdery mildews.  This parasitism reduces growth and may eventually kill the mildew. These mycoparasites can live up to 21 days on mildew-free host plant surfaces, attacking powdery mildew structures as soon as they appear. A. quisqualis is used as the active ingredient in a commercial fungicide.

Erysiphaceae
Erysiphaceae (commonly known as powdery mildews) is a family of ascomycete fungi in the order Helotiales. The members of this family are obligate parasites with a superficial mycelium that forms a characteristic white, powdery coating on their host plants.

The family contains seventeen genera and around a thousand species. Combined they infect over 10,000 species of plants, many of which are commercially valuable.
The Villainess Is Adored by the Prince of the Neighbor Kingdom
The Villainess Is Adored by the Prince of the Neighbor Kingdom (Japanese: 悪役令嬢は隣国の王太子に溺愛される, Hepburn: Akuyaku Reijō wa Ringoku no Ōtaishi ni Dekiai Sareru) is a Japanese light novel series written by Puni-chan and illustrated by Akeno Naruse. It was originally posted as a web novel on the online publishing platform Shōsetsuka ni Narō beginning in March 2016. Enterbrain later began publishing it as a light novel under their B's Log Bunko imprint in October 2016, with 14 volumes released as of November 2023. A manga adaptation illustrated by Hoshina began serialization on Enterbrain's B's Log Comic service in December 2017 and has been compiled into 17 tankōbon volumes as of February 2026. A visual novel adaptation developed and published by Operahouse was released for Nintendo Switch and Steam in March 2024. An anime television series adaptation produced by Studio Deen premiered in January 2026.

Shōsetsuka ni Narō
Shōsetsuka ni Narō (小説家になろう; lit. "Let's Become a Novelist") is a Japanese novel self-publishing website created by Yusuke Umezaki (梅崎 祐輔, Umezaki Yūsuke). It was launched on April 2, 2004. Users can upload their novels free of charge and the novels are also free to read. As of December 2022, the site hosts close to 1,000,000 novels, has over 2,300,000 registered users and it receives over 1 billion page views per month.

Over one hundred novel series uploaded to the site have been acquired by various publishers, such as Log Horizon, serialized from 2010 before being acquired by Enterbrain in 2011, and The Irregular at Magic High School, which was serialized between 2008 and 2011 before being acquired by ASCII Media Works.

Futabasha's light novel imprint Monster Bunko was established on July 30, 2014, which exclusively publishes series that originated on Shōsetsuka ni Narō.
Tomoki Hiwatashi
Tomoki Richard Hiwatashi (born January 20, 2000) is a retired American figure skater. He is a four-time ISU Challenger Series bronze medalist and a two-time U.S. national medalist.

At the junior level, he is the 2019 World Junior champion, the 2016 World Junior bronze medalist, a five-time medalist on the ISU Junior Grand Prix series, and the 2016 U.S. junior national champion.

2016 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
The 2016 Prudential U.S. Figure Skating Championships were held from January 15–24 in Saint Paul, Minnesota at the Xcel Energy Center and Bloomington Ice Garden. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies singles, pair skating, and ice dancing at the senior, junior, novice, intermediate, and juvenile levels. The results were part of the U.S. selection criteria for the 2016 Four Continents, 2016 World Junior Championships, and the 2016 World Championships.

The host was announced in November 2012.
Thomas Pesquet
Thomas Gautier Pesquet (French pronunciation: [tɔmɑ ɡotje pɛskɛ]; born 27 February 1978) is a French aerospace engineer, pilot,  European Space Agency astronaut, actor, musician, and writer.  He was selected by ESA as a candidate in May 2009, and  successfully completed his basic training in November 2010. From November 2016 to June 2017, he was part of Expedition 50 and Expedition 51 on the International Space Station (ISS) as a flight engineer. Pesquet returned to space in April 2021 on board the SpaceX Crew Dragon for a second six-month stay on the ISS.

Expedition 51
Expedition 51 (April – June 2017) was the 51st expedition to the International Space Station, which began upon the departure of Soyuz MS-02 on April 10, 2017, and concluded upon the departure of Soyuz MS-03 on June 2, 2017. Peggy Whitson, Oleg Novitskiy and Thomas Pesquet were transferred from Expedition 50, with Peggy Whitson taking the commander role. She is the first woman to command two expeditions to the ISS, having previously commanded Expedition 16.

Due to a decision to cut down the number of participating Russian cosmonauts in 2017, only two cosmonauts were launched on Soyuz MS-04 on April 20, 2017 - bringing the total crew number to five.
Transfer of Command from Expedition 51 to Expedition 52 was done on June 1, 2017. Expedition 51 officially ended on June 2, 2017, 10:47 UTC, with the undocking of Soyuz MS-03.