hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fatih Mosque, Istanbul
The Fatih Mosque (Turkish: Fatih Camii, lit. 'The Conqueror's mosque'; Ottoman Turkish: فاتح جامع) is an Ottoman mosque off Fevzi Paşa Caddesi in the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. The original mosque was constructed between 1463 and 1470 on the site of the Church of the Holy Apostles. Seriously damaged in the 1766 earthquake, it was rebuilt in 1771 to a different design. It is named after the Ottoman sultan Mehmed the Conqueror, known in Turkish as Fatih Sultan Mehmed, who conquered Constantinople in 1453.

The Sahn-ı Seman Medrese, once an important center for the study of theology, law, medicine, astronomy, physics and mathematics, formed part of the Fatih Mosque. It was founded by the Turkic astronomer Ali Qushji who had been invited by Mehmed to his court in Istanbul.

The mosque complex was completely restored in 2009 and again ten years later. It reopened to worshippers in 2021.

1766 Istanbul earthquake
The 1766 Istanbul earthquake was a strong earthquake with epicenter in the eastern part of the Sea of Marmara, in the Çınarcık Basin (or near the Princes' Islands, north of the basin) which occurred in the early hours of Thursday morning, 22 May 1766. The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 7.1 on the surface-wave magnitude scale, and caused effects in a vast area extending from Izmit to Rodosto (now Tekirdağ). In this area, the earthquake was followed by a tsunami which caused significant damage. The earthquake of 1766 was the last major earthquake to rock Istanbul because of a rupture of the North Anatolian Fault in the Marmara region.
Limpet
Limpets are a group of aquatic snails with a conical shell shape (patelliform) and a strong, muscular foot. This general category of conical shell is known as "patelliform" (dish-shaped). Existing within the class Gastropoda, limpets are a polyphyletic group (its members descending from different immediate ancestors).

All species of Patellogastropoda are limpets, with the Patellidae family in particular often referred to as "true limpets". Examples of other clades commonly referred to as limpets include the Vetigastropoda family Fissurellidae ("keyhole limpet"), which use a siphon to pump water over their gills, and the Siphonariidae ("false limpets"), which have a pneumostome for breathing air like the majority of terrestrial Gastropoda.

Patellogastropoda
The Patellogastropoda, common name true limpets and historically called the Docoglossa, are members of a major phylogenetic group of marine gastropods, treated by experts either as a clade or as a taxonomic order.

The clade Patellogastropoda is deemed monophyletic based on phylogenetic analysis.
Otpisani
Otpisani (Serbian Cyrillic: Отписани, English: The Written Offs) is a Yugoslav drama TV series, produced by Radio Television Belgrade and first aired in 1974. The series follows the lives of young partisans during the Second World War in occupied Belgrade. It is based the book Zabranjeni život (English: Forbidden Life) by Dragan Marković.

A film of the same title, which follows the plotline of the first two episodes, was also shot in 1974. Due to the series' popularity, a sequel titled Povratak otpisanih (English: The Return of the Written Offs) was released in 1978.

Due to its popularity, Radio Television of Serbia has shown reruns of the series eleven times. The series has a cult status among its audience in ex-Yugoslav countries and has attracted an estimated 3 million viewers with its last rerun. A digital remaster of the series premiered on RTS on 29 August 2024, on the series' 50th anniversary.

Radio Television of Serbia
Radio Television of Serbia (Serbian: Радио-телевизија Србије, romanized: Radio-televizija Srbije), or RTS (Serbian: РТС), formerly known as Radio Television Belgrade (Serbian: Радио-телевизија Београд, romanized: Radio-televizija Beograd) or RTB (Serbian: РТБ) from 1958 to 1992, is the state-owned public radio and television broadcaster of Serbia. RTS has four organizational units – radio, television, music production, and record label (PGP-RTS). It is financed primarily through monthly subscription fees and advertising revenue.
Manchester Assize Courts
The Manchester Assize Courts was a building housing law courts on Great Ducie Street in the Strangeways district of Manchester, England. It was 279 ft (85 m) tall and from 1864 to 1877 the tallest building in Manchester. Widely admired, it has been referred to as one of Britain's 'lost buildings'. It was severely damaged by wartime bombing in the Manchester Blitz, and then the remains were demolished in 1957.

Manchester Blitz
The city of Manchester in North West England and its surrounding areas were heavily bombed during the Second World War by the German Luftwaffe in what became known as the Manchester Blitz. The  Christmas Blitz was one of three major raids on Manchester, which was an important port (although not on the coast, Manchester served ocean shipping by a ship canal) and industrial city; Trafford Park in neighbouring Stretford was a major centre of war production.
Stafford
Stafford (/ˈstæfərd/) is a market town and the county town of Staffordshire, England. It is located about 15 miles (24 km) south of Stoke-on-Trent, 15 miles (24 km) north of Wolverhampton and 24 miles (39 km) north-west of Birmingham. The town had a population of 71,673 at the 2021 census, and is the main settlement within the larger Borough of Stafford, which had a population of 136,837 in 2021.

Stafford has Anglo-Saxon roots, being founded in 913, when Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, founded a defensive burh; it became the county town of Staffordshire soon after. Stafford became an important market town in the Middle Ages and later grew into an important industrial town, due to the proliferation of shoemaking, engineering and electrical industries.

Burh
A burh (Old English pronunciation: [burˠx]) or burg was an Anglo-Saxon fortification or fortified settlement. In the 9th  century, raids and invasions by Vikings prompted Alfred the Great to develop a network of burhs and roads to use against such attackers. Some were new constructions; others were situated at the site of Iron Age hillforts or Roman forts and employed materials from the original fortifications. As at Lundenburh (medieval London), many were also situated on rivers: this facilitated internal lines of supply while aiming to restrict access to the interior of the kingdom for attackers in shallow-draught vessels such as longships.

Burhs also had a secondary role as commercial and sometimes administrative centres. Their fortifications were used to protect England's various royal mints.
Hawthorn Bridge
The Hawthorn Bridge crosses the Yarra River, five kilometres (3.1 mi) east of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, connecting Bridge Road and Burwood Road. It is the oldest extant bridge over the Yarra River and is one of the oldest metal bridges in Australia.  It was constructed in the early wave of major new infrastructure funded by the Victorian gold rush. Designed by Francis Bell, it is a substantial riveted, wrought iron, lattice truss structure, with bluestone abutments and piers.

Redesdale Bridge
The Redesdale Bridge is one of the oldest iron lattice-truss bridges in Victoria, Australia. The Redesdale Bridge is a wrought iron and timber structure with bluestone abutments, spanning the Campaspe River near the town of Redesdale.
Together (Johnny and Edgar Winter album)
Together is a live album by brothers Johnny Winter (guitar, vocals) and Edgar Winter (saxophone, vocals). It is composed entirely of rock and roll and soul standards. It was recorded at the Swing Auditorium and the San Diego Sports Arena, and released in 1976.

The musicians on the album include the members of the Edgar Winter Group (Edgar on saxophone, Rick Derringer on guitar, Dan Hartman on piano, and Chuck Ruff on drums) as well as the members of Johnny Winter's band (Johnny and Floyd Radford on guitar, Randy Jo Hobbs on bass, and Richard Hughes on drums).

Edgar Winter
Edgar Holland Winter (born December 28, 1946) is an American multi-instrumentalist, working as a vocalist along with playing keyboards, saxophone, and percussion. His success peaked in the 1970s with his band the Edgar Winter Group and their popular songs "Frankenstein" and "Free Ride" which remain staple tracks of classic rock radio. He is the brother of blues singer and guitarist Johnny Winter, who died in 2014.
Arthur Leclerc
Arthur Leclerc (French pronunciation: [aʁtyʁ ləklɛʁ]; born 14 October 2000) is a Monégasque racing driver who last competed in the GT World Challenge Europe Endurance Cup for AF Corse. He is the younger brother of Scuderia Ferrari Formula One driver Charles Leclerc, and a former member of Ferrari Driver Academy.

Leclerc finished sixth in the 2022 FIA Formula 3 Championship with Prema Racing, before stepping up to the FIA Formula 2 Championship in 2023 with DAMS. He was the runner-up during the 2020 Formula Regional European Championship and the 2022 Formula Regional Asian champion. He is also the champion of the 2024 Italian GT Endurance Championship together with Giancarlo Fisichella and Tommaso Mosca.

Leclerc currently serves as the development driver for Scuderia Ferrari.

2020 Formula Regional European Championship
The 2020 Formula Regional European Championship was a multi-event, Formula 3 open-wheel single seater motor racing championship held across Europe. The championship featured a mix of professional and amateur drivers, competing in Formula 3 cars that conformed to the FIA Formula 3 regulations for the championship. This was the second season of the championship.

The season started on 31 July at Misano Circuit and concluded on 6 December at Autodromo Vallelunga, after eight meetings. Gianluca Petecof won the drivers' championship at the last race, while Prema Powerteam defended the teams' title. Although Petecof came out victorious in the championship, he did not amass the highest number of race wins, with four compared to his teammates' Arthur Leclerc and Oliver Rasmussen six victories. Patrik Pasma also won four races, and Pierre-Louis Chovet, Dennis Hauger and Ian Rodríguez all won one race each.
Utair
Utair (Russian: ОАО «Авиакомпания «ЮТэйр») (MCX: UTAR), formerly UTair, is a Russian airline with its head office at Khanty-Mansiysk Airport while its hubs are at Farman Salmanov Surgut Airport and Vnukovo International Airport. It operates scheduled domestic and some international passenger services, scheduled helicopter services, and extensive charter flights with fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters in support of the oil and gas industry across western Siberia. It is banned from flying in the EU.

Vnukovo International Airport
Vnukovo International Airport (Russian: Внуково, IPA: [ˈvnukəvə], Internal code: ВНК) (IATA: VKO, ICAO: UUWW), is a dual-runway international airport located in Vnukovo District, 28 km (17 mi) southwest of the centre of Moscow, Russia. It is one of the four major airports that serve Moscow, along with Sheremetyevo, Domodedovo and Zhukovsky.

In 2019, the airport handled 24.01 million passengers, representing an increase of 12% compared to the previous year. Vnukovo was the eleventh-busiest airport in Europe in 2021 but had a strong decline in traffic and dropped to 30th place in 2022 as a consequence of sanctions following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. As of 2025 it is the 3rd busiest airport in Russia and Post-Soviet states as well as the 41th-busiest airport in Europe. The airport was formally named "Vnukovo Andrei Tupolev International Airport" after Andrei Tupolev.
Infant Jesus of Prague
The Infant Jesus of Prague (Czech: Pražské Jezulátko: Spanish: Niño Jesús de Praga) is a 16th-century wax-coated wooden statue of the Child Jesus holding a globus cruciger of Spanish origin, now located in the Discalced Carmelite Church of Our Lady of Victories in Malá Strana, Prague, Czech Republic. First appearing in 1556, pious legends claim that the statue once belonged to Teresa of Ávila and was consequently donated to the Carmelite friars by Princess Polyxena of Lobkowicz in 1628.

The divine image is routinely clothed by the Carmelite nuns in luxurious fabrics with imperial regalia and a golden crown while his left hand holds a globus cruciger and the right hand is raised in a gesture of benediction. It is venerated on Christmas and the first Sunday of May commemorating both its centenary and "episcopal coronation" in 1655.

Christ Child
The Christ Child—also known as Baby Jesus, Infant Jesus, Child Jesus, Divine Child, Divine Infant and the Holy Child—refers to Jesus Christ during his early years. The term refers to a period of Jesus' life, described in the canonical Gospels, encompassing his nativity in Bethlehem, the visit of the Magi, and his presentation at the Temple in Jerusalem. It also includes his childhood, culminating in the event where his parents find him in the Temple at age 12, after which the Gospels remain silent about his life until the start of his ministry.
Hlöðskviða
Hlöðskviða (also Hlǫðskviða and Hlǫðsqviða), known in English as The Battle of the Goths and Huns and occasionally known by its German name Hunnenschlachtlied, is an heroic poem in Old Norse found in Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks.

Many attempts have been made to try to fit the Hlöðskviða with known history, but it is an epic poem, telescoping and fictionalising history to a large extent; some verifiable historical information from the time are place names, surviving in Old Norse forms from the period 750–850, but it was probably collected later in Västergötland.

Most scholars place the tale sometime in the 4th and 5th centuries, with the battle occurring either in Central Europe near the Carpathian Mountains or further east in European Russia.

Poetic Edda
The Poetic Edda is the modern name for an untitled collection of Old Norse anonymous narrative poems in alliterative verse.  It is distinct from the closely related Prose Edda, although both works are seminal to the study of Old Norse poetry. Several versions of the Poetic Edda exist; especially notable is the medieval Icelandic manuscript Codex Regius, which contains 31 poems.
Emma Lee Smith White
Emma Lee Smith White (October 23, 1884 – February 17, 1983) was an American teacher, insurance agent, newspaper reporter and politician who served in the Virginia House of Delegates for two terms, from 1930 until 1934, representing Gloucester and Mathews Counties.

Mathews County, Virginia
Mathews County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,533. Its county seat is Mathews.

Located on the Middle Peninsula, Mathews County is included in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Henrik I. Christensen
Henrik Iskov Christensen (born July 16, 1962 in Frederikshavn, Denmark) is a Danish roboticist and Professor of Computer Science at Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, at the UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering. He is also the Director of the Contextual Robotics Institute at UC San Diego.

Before UC San Diego, he was a Distinguished Professor of Computer Science in the School of Interactive Computing at the Georgia Institute of Technology. At Georgia Tech, Christensen served as the founding director of the Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines (IRIM@GT) and the KUKA Chair of Robotics.

Previously, Christensen was the Founding Chairman of European Robotics Research Network (EURON) and an IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Distinguished Lecturer in Robotics.

Georgia Institute of Technology Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines
The Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines (IRIM@GT) is an interdisciplinary research unit at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The center was launched May, 2006, and consists of researchers from the School of Interactive Computing in the College of Computing, College of Engineering, and Georgia Tech Research Institute. IRIM@GT currently offers a Ph.D. program in robotics, the first truly multi-disciplinary program in the country after the one of Carnegie Mellon University.
Antonia Niedermaier
Antonia Niedermaier (born 20 February 2003) is a German cyclist and ski mountaineer. She rides for UCI Women's World Tour team Canyon–SRAM Zondacrypto. Niedermaier won the Best Young Rider Classification at the 2025 Giro d'Italia Women, won a stage of the 2023 Giro Donne, and competed at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics.

2025 Giro d'Italia Women
The 2025 Giro d'Italia Women was the 36th edition of the Giro d'Italia Women, a women's road cycling stage race in Italy. The race took place from 6 to 13 July, and was the 21st event of the 2025 UCI Women's World Tour calendar. The race was organised by RCS Sport, which also organises the men's Giro d'Italia.

The race was won by Italian rider Elisa Longo Borghini of UAE Team ADQ for the second time, beating Swiss rider Marlen Reusser of Movistar Team by 18 seconds. Third overall was Australian rider  Sarah Gigante of AG Insurance–Soudal, 1 minute 11 seconds behind Longo Borghini. Gigante won both mountain stages, taking the mountains classification.

Lorena Wiebes of Team SD Worx–Protime took the points classification, as well as winning stages 3 and 5. The youth classification was won by German rider Antonia Niedermaier of Canyon–SRAM Zondacrypto, with Niedermaier finishing 5th overall. The team classification was won by AG Insurance–Soudal.
Uthiyur
Uthiyur (or Udhiyur (Ūthiyūr)) is a small town in Kangeyam taluk of Tiruppur district in south Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

Located in foothills of Poṉṉūthi hills, this town is known for its 9th century Uttaṇṭa Vēlāyudha Sāmy Temple and abode of Koṅgaṉa siddhar. It is one of the famous Murugan temples in Kongu Nadu which is patrionised by Arunagirinathar by Thiruppugazh. The town is located in State Highway 83A (Tamil Nadu) which connects Erode and Palani. It is 14 km away from Kangeyam, 18 km away from Dharapuram, 24 km from Vellakoil, 38 km from its district headquarter Tiruppur and 60 km from Erode.

Kangeyam
Kangeyam (Tamil: [kaːŋɡeːjam]) is a town and municipality in Kangeyam taluk of Tiruppur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Situated along the National Highway 81, it is around 28 km (17 mi) from the district headquarters Tiruppur. the economy of the town is dependent on agriculture and allied activities including rice hulling, coconut oil and ghee extraction. The Kangayam cattle is a breed of cattle that is indigenous to the area around Kangeyam.
Akuapim South District
Akuapim South District is one of the thirty-three districts in Eastern Region, Ghana.  Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger and first Akuapim South District in 1988, which it was created from the former Akuapim District Council; until it was elevated to municipal district assembly status to become Akuapim South Municipal District, with Nsawam as its capital town. However on 6 February 2012, the northeast part of the district was split off to create a new Akuapim South District, with Aburi as its capital town; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Nsawam Adoagyire Municipal District, with Nsawam as its capital town. The district assembly is located in the southeast part of Eastern Region and has Aburi as its capital town.

Nsawam Adoagyire (municipal district)
Nsawam-Adoagyire Municipal District is one of the thirty-three districts in Eastern Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988 when it was known as the first Akuapim South District, which it was created from the former Akuapim District Council; until it was elevated to municipal district assembly status to become Akuapim South Municipal District, with Nsawam as its capital town. However on 6 February 2012, the northeast part of the district was split off to create a new Akuapim South District, with Aburi as its capital town; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Nsawam-Adoagyire Municipal District, with Nsawam as its capital town. The municipality is located in the southeast part of Eastern Region and has Nsawam as its capital town.
Sentenced to Prism
Sentenced to Prism (1985) is a science fiction novel by American writer Alan Dean Foster, a  stand-alone entry in his Humanx Commonwealth series of books.  Like many of his books, Foster creates an extraordinary world that he tries to make unlike anything ever seen by his readers by creating a primarily silicon-based planet with almost everything seeming to be made from crystals, glass, and reflective surfaces.

Humanx Commonwealth
The Humanx Commonwealth is a fictional interstellar ethical/political entity featured in the science fiction novels of Alan Dean Foster. The Commonwealth takes its name from its two major sapient species, who jointly inhabit Commonwealth planets and administer both the political and religious/ethical aspects. They are the humans of the planet Earth and the insectoid Thranx who dwell upon Hivehom.  The Commonwealth is described as a progressive, well-intentioned liberal democracy spanning many star systems, and is somewhat similar to the United Federation of Planets from Star Trek.  The Humanx Commonwealth is notable for its portrayal of a human–alien relationship that is not just mutually beneficial but symbiotic, allowing an amalgamation of the two species.
Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction
Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID), or equine Cushing's disease, is an endocrine disease affecting the pituitary gland of horses. It is most commonly seen in older animals, and is classically associated with the formation of a long, wavy coat (hirsutism) and chronic laminitis.

Laminitis
Laminitis is a disease of the feet of ungulates, found mostly in horses and cattle involving inflammation of the laminae. Clinical signs include foot tenderness progressing to inability to walk, increased digital pulses, and increased temperature in the hooves. Severe cases with outwardly visible clinical signs are known by the colloquial term founder, and progression of the disease will lead to perforation of the coffin bone through the sole of the hoof or being unable to stand up, often requiring euthanasia.
Good News Club
Good News Club is a weekly interdenominational Christian program for 5-to-12-year-old children featuring a Bible lesson, songs, memory verses, and games.   It is the leading ministry of Child Evangelism Fellowship (CEF), which creates the curriculum, translates it into different languages for use around the world, and trains instructors to teach it. The foundation has reported that in 2011 there were 3,560 Good News Clubs in public schools across the United States and more than 42,000 clubs worldwide. The Good News Club was the plaintiff in Good News Club v. Milford Central School, which held that the club was entitled to the same access as other groups, like the Boy Scouts, to provide after-school programs designed to promote "moral and character development" to Milford School's elementary children.

Good News Club v. Milford Central School
Good News Club v. Milford Central School, 533 U.S. 98 (2001), was a (6-3) decision of the U.S. Supreme Court written by Clarence Thomas holding that a public school's exclusion of a club from its limited public forum based solely on the club's religious nature was impermissible viewpoint discrimination.