hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
County Donegal Railways Joint Committee
The County Donegal Railways Joint Committee (CDRJC) operated an extensive 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge railway system serving County Donegal, Ireland, from 1906 until 1960. The committee was incorporated by an act of Parliament in 1906, which authorised the joint purchase of the then Donegal Railway Company by the Great Northern Railway of Ireland and the Midland Railway Northern Counties Committee.

Great Northern Railway (Ireland)
The Great Northern Railway (Ireland) (GNR(I), GNRI or simply GNR) was an Irish gauge (1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)) railway company in Ireland. It was formed in 1876 by a merger of the Irish North Western Railway (INW), Northern Railway of Ireland, and Ulster Railway. The governments of Ireland and Northern Ireland jointly nationalised the company in 1953, and the company was liquidated in 1958: assets were split on national lines between the Ulster Transport Authority and Córas Iompair Éireann.
Plain meaning rule
The plain meaning rule, also known as the literal rule, is one of three rules of statutory construction traditionally applied by English courts. The other two are the "mischief rule" and the "golden rule".

The plain meaning rule dictates that statutes are to be interpreted using the ordinary meaning of the language of the statute. In other words, a statute is to be read word for word and is to be interpreted according to the ordinary meaning of the language, unless a statute explicitly defines some of its terms otherwise or unless the result would be cruel or absurd.  Ordinary words are given their ordinary meaning, technical terms are given their technical meaning, and local, cultural terms are recognized as applicable. The plain meaning rule is the mechanism that prevents courts from taking sides in legislative or political issues. Additionally, it is the mechanism that underlies textualism and, to a certain extent, originalism.

Statutory interpretation
Statutory interpretation is the process by which courts interpret and apply legislation. Some amount of interpretation is often necessary when a case involves a statute. Sometimes the words of a statute have a plain and a straightforward meaning, but in many cases, there is some ambiguity in the words of the statute that must be resolved by the judge. To find the meanings of statutes, judges use various tools and methods of statutory interpretation, including traditional canons of statutory interpretation, legislative history, and purpose.
In common law jurisdictions, the judiciary may apply rules of statutory interpretation both to legislation enacted by the legislature and to delegated legislation such as administrative agency regulations.
WISN (AM)
WISN (1130 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It broadcasts a news/talk radio format and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. The studios are on Howard Avenue in the Milwaukee suburb of Greenfield.

By day, WISN runs the maximum power for commercial AM stations, 50,000 watts. To protect other stations on 1130 AM, a clear channel frequency, it reduces power at night to 10,000 watts and uses a directional antenna at all times.  Its nine-tower array is located at 21423 Bennett Road in Dover, off U.S. Route 41.  WISN is also heard on the HD 2 digital subchannel of sister station WRNW (97.3 FM).

WRNW
WRNW (97.3 FM) is a commercial radio station in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, known as "B97.3". It airs an adult contemporary radio format and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. The studios are on West Howard Avenue in Greenfield.

WRNW is a Class B FM station with an effective radiated power (ERP) of 15,500 watts. The station transmits from the tower of its former sister television station WISN-TV (channel 12) in Lincoln Park, near the Milwaukee River. WRNW broadcasts using HD Radio technology. Its HD2 digital subchannel carries talk radio programming from co-owned WISN (1130 AM); WISN-TV is owned by Hearst Television and outside its tower lease, has no current connection to its former radio sisters.
Stefan Vladislav II
Stefan Vladislav II (Serbian Cyrillic: Стефан Владислав II; c. 1270–after 1326) was a King-pretender to the royal throne of the Kingdom of Serbia in 1316 and again in 1321, and Lord of Syrmia from 1316 to c. 1325. He was the eldest son of Serbian King Stefan Dragutin (ruled 1276–1282) and Catherine of Hungary. In 1282, Dragutin became ill and abdicated in favor of his younger brother Stefan Milutin, under the condition that Milutin would be succeeded by Dragutin's son Vladislav. Dragutin continued to rule the royal domain of Syrmia, which was later inherited by Vladislav (1316), who tried to secure Serbian royal crown, but failed, and later tried again after Milutin died in 1321, but also failed. He continued to rule in Syrmia until c. 1325.

Realm of Stefan Dragutin
The Realm of Stefan Dragutin[a] (Serbian: Област Стефана Драгутина, romanized: Oblast Stefana Dragutina) was a medieval Serbian kingdom. Initially, it was a vassal kingdom of the Kingdom of Hungary, but subsequently became an independent kingdom, after the collapse of the central power in the Kingdom of Hungary. It was ruled by the Serbian kings Stefan Dragutin (1282–1316) and his son Stefan Vladislav II (1316–1325). The kingdom was centered in the region of Lower Syrmia (today known as Mačva) and its first capital was Debrc (between Belgrade and Šabac), while residence of the king was later moved to Belgrade.
Brahms: The Boy II
Brahms: The Boy II is a 2020 American supernatural horror film starring Katie Holmes, Ralph Ineson, Christopher Convery and Owain Yeoman. A sequel to the 2016 film The Boy, it is directed by William Brent Bell and written by Stacey Menear, the respective director and writer of the original film.

Brahms: The Boy II follows a young boy who, after moving into a mansion with his parents following a traumatizing incident at his previous home, finds a lifelike porcelain doll that he becomes attached to. It was released in the United States by STX Entertainment on February 21, 2020, and was panned by critics, many of whom deemed it inferior to its predecessor. The film was also a financial disappointment, grossing $20 million worldwide against a budget of $10 million plus advertising costs, less than a third of the first film's gross. It was also Lakeshore Entertainment's last film before they were shut down.

The Boy (2016 film)
The Boy is a 2016 horror film directed by William Brent Bell and written by Stacey Menear. The film stars Lauren Cohan and Rupert Evans. It is an international co-production between China and the United States. Filming began on March 10, 2015, in Victoria, British Columbia. STXfilms released The Boy in the United States on January 22. The film grossed $64 million worldwide on a $10 million budget. A sequel, Brahms: The Boy II, was released on February 21, 2020.
Monastery of Mohill-Manchan
The monastery of Mohill-Manchan (Irish: mainistir an Maothail-Manachain) was anciently located at Mohill, in county Leitrim. The earliest church was founded by Manchán of Mohill in the 6th century. Little is known about the former monastic community here. About the year 1216, the monastery became a religious house of the Canons Regular of Saint Augustine dedicated to the Saint Mary until suppression c. 1550 – c. 1590. The Priory of Mohill was briefly revived during Confederate Ireland rule but suppressed again by Cromwellian forces c. 1649–1653. From the ruins St. Mary's Church, Mohill, of Protestant denomination, was established in the 18th century.

Manchán of Mohill
Manchan of Mohill, (fl. AD 464–538), was an early Christian saint credited with founding many early Christian churches in Ireland. His life is obscured because many people named Manchan are found among Irish Christians. Manchan probably died of famine during volcanic winters caused by the extreme weather events of 535–536.

The Shrine of Manchan is a remarkable and unique example of Irish Urnes style art. Manchan's feast day is celebrated on 14 February.
George Kellie
Dr George Kellie MD, FRSE (1770–1829)  was a Scottish surgeon who, together with Alexander Monro secundus gave his name to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, a concept which relates intracranial pressure to the volume of intracranial contents and is a basic tenet of our understanding of the neuropathology of raised intracranial pressure. The doctrine states that since the skull is incompressible, and the volume inside the skull is fixed then any increase in volume of one of the cranial constituents must be compensated by a decrease in volume of another.
Previous research about George Kellie (1720–1779) may have been hampered by a widely cited incorrect year of birth, by the spelling of his name as Kellie or Kelly and by confusion with his father, also a surgeon in Leith, with the same name and subject to similar spelling variations.

Alexander Monro Secundus
Alexander Monro of Craiglockhart and Cockburn FRSE FRCPE (22 May 1733 – 2 October 1817) was a Scottish anatomist, physician and medical educator. He is typically known as Alexander Monro secundus  to distinguish him as the second of three generations of physicians of the same name. His students included the naval physician and abolitionist Thomas Trotter. Monro was from the distinguished Monro of Auchenbowie family. His major achievements included, describing the lymphatic system, providing the most detailed elucidation of the musculo-skeletal system to date and introducing clinical medicine into the curriculum. He is known for the Monro–Kellie doctrine on intracranial pressure, a hypothesis developed by Monro and his former pupil George Kellie, who worked as a surgeon in the port of Leith.
Rocket Red Brigade
The Rocket Red Brigade (Russian: Ракетная Красная Бригада, romanized: Raketnaya Krasnaya Brigada) is a DC Comics superhero team. They first appeared in Green Lantern Corps #208 (January 1987), and were created by Steve Englehart and Joe Staton.

Rocket Red
Rocket Red (Russian: Ракетно-Красный, romanized: Raketno-Krasnyy) is a superhero appearing in the DC Comics universe. Created by Steve Englehart and Joe Staton, he first appeared in Green Lantern Corps #208 (January 1987), appearing shortly afterward in Justice League in issue #3 (July 1987); Rocket Red was inducted into the Justice League in Justice League #7 (November 1987).

The term "Rocket Reds" refers to any member of the Rocket Red Brigade; the name in the singular is used to refer to the three individual characters named Rocket Red who were members of the Justice League. These comprise the original Rocket Red #7 (later revealed as an android), Dmitri Pushkin (Rocket Red #4), and Gavril Ivanovich.
G2-structure
In differential geometry, a -structure is an important type of G-structure that can be defined on a smooth manifold.  If M is a smooth manifold of dimension seven, then a G2-structure is a reduction of structure group of the frame bundle of M to the compact, exceptional Lie group G2.

G-structure on a manifold
In differential geometry, a G-structure on an n-manifold M, for a given structure group G, is a principal G-subbundle of the tangent frame bundle FM (or GL(M)) of M.

The notion of G-structures includes various classical structures that can be defined on manifolds, which in some cases are tensor fields. For example, for the orthogonal group, an O(n)-structure defines a Riemannian metric, and for the special linear group an SL(n,R)-structure is the same as a volume form.  For the trivial group, an {e}-structure consists of an absolute parallelism of the manifold.

Generalising this idea to arbitrary principal bundles on topological spaces, one can ask if a principal -bundle over a group  "comes from" a subgroup  of . This is called reduction of the structure group (to ).

Several structures on manifolds, such as a complex structure, a symplectic structure, or a Kähler structure, are G-structures with an additional integrability condition.
The Armenian Weekly
The Armenian Weekly (originally Hairenik Weekly) is an English language Armenian online newspaper published by Hairenik Association, Inc. in Watertown, Massachusetts in the United States. It is the sister publication to the Armenian language online newspaper Hairenik. It was started as Hairenik Weekly in 1934 and its name was changed to The Armenian Weekly, the name under which it is still published, in 1969. The Armenian Weekly also runs an online publication, which became its sole publication, after it ceased publishing its print editions in 2025.

The newspaper belongs to the Armenian political party – Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF).

Watertown, Massachusetts
Watertown is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, part of Greater Boston. The population was 35,329 in the 2020 census. Its neighborhoods include Bemis, Coolidge Square, East Watertown, Watertown Square, and the West End.

Watertown was one of the first Massachusetts Bay Colony settlements organized by Puritan settlers in 1630. The city is home to the Perkins School for the Blind, the Armenian Library and Museum of America, and the historic Watertown Arsenal, which produced military armaments from 1816 through World War II.
Lake Gleneida
Lake Gleneida is a controlled lake in the hamlet of Carmel within the Town of Carmel in central Putnam County, New York. Originally a smaller natural water body, Shaw's Pond, it was dammed by New York City in 1870 and enlarged to 168 acres (68 ha) for inclusion in its water supply system. It is  part of the New York City water system's Croton Watershed.

Controlled lake
A controlled lake is both a general and specific term to describe a body of water. In its general sense it describes a lake or reservoir which has its water level controlled by some form of dam.  In the specific, it refers to three small lakes within the New York City water supply system's Croton Watershed   lying within central Putnam County in the state's far southwestern corner.
Area code 435
Area code 435 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for most of the U.S. state of Utah. Area code 435 was created in 1997 in a split of area code 801.

The numbering plan area excludes the region of the Wasatch Front, which comprises the Salt Lake City, Ogden, and Provo metropolitan areas in northern Utah, and is served by area codes 801 and 385.

Area codes 801 and 385
Area codes 801 and 385 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) serving Salt Lake City and the four surrounding counties of the Wasatch Front in north-central Utah. The numbering plan area comprises Davis, Morgan, Salt Lake, Utah, and Weber counties. Other major towns and cities within the area are Alta, American Fork, Bountiful, Layton, Lehi, Murray, Ogden, Orem, Provo, Sandy, South Jordan, Spanish Fork, Taylorsville, West Jordan, and West Valley City.  This numbering plan area is located in the Mountain Time Zone. Area code 801 is one of the original North American area codes created in 1947. Area code 385 was assigned to the same numbering plan area in 2008, creating an overlay complex.
Kenny Mwape
Mirade “Kenny” Mwape (1955–2007) was a Zambian goalkeeper and coach. He was Zambia's goalkeeper at the Moscow Olympic Games in 1980 and played for several Zambian clubs including Power Dynamos. Mwape's elder brother Emmanuel also played in goal for Zambia.

Emmanuel Mwape
Emmanuel Mwape (1950 – 8 April 1991) was a Zambian footballer who is highly regarded as Zambia's best goalkeeper in history. Nicknamed ‘Mannix’, Mwape kept goal for Zambia at CAN 1974 and featured for Roan United and Rokana United. He was named Zambian Sportsman of the Year in 1974 and his younger brother Kenny also played in goal for Zambia in 1980.
Jean-Vincent d'Abbadie de Saint-Castin
Jean-Vincent d'Abbadie, Baron de Saint-Castin (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ vɛ̃sɑ̃ dabadi də sɛ̃ kastɛ̃]; 1652–1707) was a French military officer serving in Acadia and an Abenaki chief. He is the father of two prominent sons who were also military leaders in Acadia: Bernard-Anselme and Joseph. He is the namesake of Castine, Maine. He died at Pau, France, in 1707.

Bernard-Anselme d'Abbadie de Saint-Castin
Bernard-Anselme d'Abbadie de Saint-Castin (French pronunciation: [bɛʁnaʁ ɑ̃sɛlmə dabadi də sɛ̃ kastɛ̃]; 1689–1720) was a French military officer serving in Acadia. He was a member of a successful privateering force at the time of Queen Anne's War, and led native and French forces in the defense of Acadia.
Antiproton Accumulator
The Antiproton Accumulator (AA) was an infrastructure connected to the Proton–Antiproton Collider (SppS) – a modification of the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) – at CERN. The AA was built in 1979 and 1980, for the production and accumulation of antiprotons. In the SppS the antiprotons were made to collide with protons, achieving collisions at a center of mass energy of app. 540 GeV (later raised to 630 GeV and finally, in a pulsed mode, to 900 GeV). Several experiments recorded data from the collisions, most notably the UA1 and UA2 experiment, where the W and Z bosons were discovered in 1983.

The concept of the project was developed and promoted by C. Rubbia, for which he received the Nobel prize in 1984.  He shared the prize with Simon van der Meer, whose invention of the method of stochastic cooling made large scale production of antiprotons possible for the first time.

Super Proton–Antiproton Synchrotron
The Super Proton–Antiproton Synchrotron  (or SppS, also known as the Proton–Antiproton Collider) was a particle accelerator that operated at CERN from 1981 to 1991. To operate as a proton-antiproton collider the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) underwent substantial modifications, altering it from a one beam synchrotron to a two-beam collider. The main experiments at the accelerator were UA1 and UA2, where the W and Z bosons were discovered in 1983. Carlo Rubbia and Simon van der Meer received the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physics for  their contributions to the SppS-project, which led to the discovery of the W and Z bosons. Other experiments conducted at the SppS were UA4, UA5 and UA8.
Alte Pinakothek
The Alte Pinakothek (German: [ˈʔaltə pinakoˈteːk] ⓘ, Old Pinakothek)  is an art museum located in the Kunstareal area in Munich, Germany. It is one of the oldest galleries in the world and houses a significant  collection of Old Master paintings. The name Alte (Old) Pinakothek refers to the time period covered by the collection—from the fourteenth to the eighteenth century. The Neue Pinakothek, re-built in 1981, covers nineteenth-century art, and Pinakothek der Moderne, opened in 2002, exhibits modern art. All three galleries are part of the Bavarian State Painting Collections, an organization of the Free state of Bavaria.

Neue Pinakothek
The Neue Pinakothek (German: [ˈnɔʏ.ə pinakoˈteːk], New Pinacotheca) is an art museum in Munich, Germany. Its focus is European Art of the 18th and 19th centuries, and it is one of the most important museums of art of the nineteenth century in the world.

Together with the Alte Pinakothek and the Pinakothek der Moderne, the Neue Pinakothek is part of Munich's museum quarter (Kunstareal).
Rhenish Railway Company
The Rhenish Railway Company (German: Rheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, RhE)  was along with the Cologne-Minden Railway Company (CME) and the Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company (BME) one of the railway companies that in the mid-19th century built the first railways in the Ruhr and large parts of today's North Rhine-Westphalia.

Cologne–Minden Railway Company
The Cologne-Minden Railway Company (German, old spelling: Cöln-Mindener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, CME) was along with the Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company and the Rhenish Railway Company one of the railway companies that in the mid-19th century built the first railways in the Ruhr and large parts of today's North Rhine-Westphalia.
The New York Times Strands
Strands is an online word game created by The New York Times. Released into beta in March 2024, Strands is a part of the New York Times Games library. Strands takes the form of a word search, with new puzzles released once every day. The original pitch for the game was created by Juliette Seive, and puzzles are edited by Tracy Bennett.

The New York Times Games
The New York Times Games (NYT Games) is a collection of casual print and online games published by The New York Times, an American newspaper. Originating with the newspaper's crossword puzzle in 1942, NYT Games was officially established on August 21, 2014, with the addition of the Mini Crossword. Most puzzles of The New York Times Games are published and refreshed daily, mirroring The Times' daily newspaper cadence.

The New York Times Games is part of a concerted effort by the paper to raise its digital subscription as its print-based sales dwindle. Since its launch, NYT Games has reached viral popularity and has become one of the main revenue drivers for The New York Times. As of 2024, NYT Games has over 10 million daily players across all platforms and over one million premium subscribers. According to one member of staff, "the half joke that is repeated internally is that The New York Times is now a gaming company that also happens to offer news."
Prunus cerasifera
Prunus cerasifera is a species of plum known by the common names cherry plum and myrobalan plum. Native to Eurasia and naturalized elsewhere, P. cerasifera is believed to be one of the parents of the cultivated plum.

Prunus domestica
Prunus domestica is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. A deciduous tree, it includes many varieties of the fruit trees known as plums in English, though not all plums belong to this species. The greengages and damsons also belong to subspecies of P. domestica.
Dave Karnes
David W. Karnes (born December 12, 1958) is a former United States Marine who, with fellow U.S. Marine Jason Thomas, located and helped rescue two police officers of the Port Authority Police Department trapped in the rubble from the September 11 attacks after the collapse of the World Trade Center in 2001.

Jason Thomas (Marine)
Jason Thomas (born July 4, 1974) is a United States Marine who located and rescued people in the aftermath of collapse of the World Trade Center in New York City after the September 11 attacks in 2001. With fellow U.S. Marine David Karnes, he helped find a pair of Port Authority Police officers buried in the rubble of the World Trade Center.
Antidynamo theorem
In physics and in particular in the theory of magnetism, an antidynamo theorem is one of several results that restrict the  type of magnetic fields that may be produced by dynamo action.

One notable example is Thomas Cowling's antidynamo theorem which states that no axisymmetric magnetic field can be maintained through a self-sustaining dynamo action by an axially symmetric current. Similarly, the Zeldovich's antidynamo theorem states that a two-dimensional, planar flow cannot maintain the dynamo action.

Dynamo theory
In physics, the dynamo theory proposes a mechanism by which a celestial body such as Earth or a star generates a magnetic field. The dynamo theory describes the process through which a rotating, convecting, and electrically conducting fluid can maintain a magnetic field over astronomical time scales.  A dynamo is thought to be the source of the Earth's magnetic field and the magnetic fields of Mercury and the Jovian planets.