hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lucy Anne FitzGerald
Lady Lucy Anne FitzGerald (5 February 1771 – 20 January 1851) was an Anglo-Irish political radical: a supporter, with her mother Lady Emily, of her cousin, the English Whig reformer Charles James Fox and, with her brother Lord Edward, of the republican and democratic Society of United Irishmen.

Emily FitzGerald, Duchess of Leinster
Emily Fitzgerald, Duchess of Leinster (6 October 1731 – 27 March 1814), known before 1747 as Lady Emily Lennox, from 1747 to 1761 as The Countess of Kildare and from 1761 to 1766 as The Marchioness of Kildare, was the second of the famous Lennox sisters, daughters of Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond (who was illegitimately descended from King Charles II of England and one of his mistresses).
Glass database
A glass database is a collection of glass compositions, glass properties, glass models, associated trademark names, patents, etc. These data were collected from publications in scientific papers and patents, from personal communication with scientists and engineers, and other relevant sources.

Calculation of glass properties
The calculation of glass properties (glass modeling) is used to predict glass properties of interest or glass behavior under certain conditions (e.g., during production) without experimental investigation, based on past data and experience, with the intention to save time, material, financial, and environmental resources, or to gain scientific insight. It was first practiced at the end of the 19th century by A. Winkelmann and O. Schott. The combination of several glass models together with other relevant functions can be used for optimization and six-sigma procedures. In the form of statistical analysis, glass modeling can aid with accreditation of new data, experimental procedures, and measurement institutions (glass laboratories).
STAT Medevac
STAT MedEvac "originally STAT Angel One" is a service of the Center for Emergency Medicine of Western Pennsylvania in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The primary function of STAT MedEvac is to provide emergency medevac and air medical transport of critically wounded or sick civilians, either from emergency scenes or between hospitals. As of July of 2017, the organization also operates two ground ambulances for patients with severe injury or critical illness. STAT MedEvac is directed by a consortium of hospitals of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) that include UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, UPMC Altoona, UPMC Hamot, UPMC Mercy and UPMC Presbyterian Shadyside. STAT MedEvac's base of operations is in West Mifflin, Pennsylvania, at the Allegheny County Airport. With 18 air bases across Pennsylvania, Maryland, New York, Ohio, and the District of Columbia, it is one of the largest single operated and dispatched air-medical service organizations in the United States.

Center for Emergency Medicine of Western Pennsylvania
The Center for Emergency Medicine of Western Pennsylvania is a multi-hospital consortium based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  It is claimed to be one of the world's premiere centers of Emergency Medicine and EMS development. It currently ranks sixth for residencies in emergency medicine by reputation.

Currently, the center's member hospitals include the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian and Shadyside hospitals, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, and UPMC Mercy. The "Center" as it is known, has several distinct offices:
Holmes County Central High School
Holmes County Central High School is a senior high school in unincorporated Holmes County, Mississippi, United States, about 0.25 miles (0.40 km) south of Lexington. A part of the Holmes County School District, it occupies the former J.J. McClain High School. The mascot is the jaguar, and it serves grades 9–12.

As of 2015 the school had about 760 students, 99% of them African-American.

J.J. McClain High School
Jacob Joshua McClain High School  was a junior and senior high school in unincorporated Holmes County, Mississippi, United States, about .25 miles (0.40 km) south of Lexington. It is operated by the Holmes County School District. Its campus is presently used by Holmes County Central High School.

As of circa 2006 it had 842 students. It was named after one of its former principals.
Invasion of South Georgia
The invasion of South Georgia, also known as the Battle of Grytviken or Operation Georgias, took place on 3 April 1982, when Argentine Navy forces seized control of the east coast of South Georgia after overpowering a small group of Royal Marines at Grytviken. Though outnumbered, the Royal Marines shot down a helicopter and hit the Argentine corvette ARA Guerrico several times before being forced to surrender. It was one of the first episodes of the Falklands War, immediately succeeding the invasion on the Falkland Islands the day before.

The operation had been prepared on 19 March, when a group of Argentine civilian scrap metal workers arrived at Leith Harbour on board the transport ship ARA Bahía Buen Suceso without the required landing clearance and then raised the Argentine flag. The scrap workers had been infiltrated by Argentine marines posing as civilian scientists.

1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands
Argentine forces invaded the Falkland Islands on 2 April 1982 in a military operation code-named Operation Rosario (Operación Rosario). The invasion served as a catalyst for the subsequent Falklands War. The Argentines mounted amphibious landings and the invasion ended with the surrender of Falkland Government House, due to the location of the fighting the invasion is occasionally known as the Battle of Government House.
Uruzgan Province
Uruzgan (Pashto: اروزگان) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan. It has a population of 436,079, and the province is mostly a tribal society. Tarinkot serves as the capital of the province. Uruzgan borders the provinces of Kandahar, Daykundi, Ghazni, Zabul, and Helmand.

Daikundi Province
Daikundi is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan. It has a population of about 516,504, most of whom are peasants, traders, and shop owners.

Daikundi falls into the traditionally ethnic Hazara region known as the Hazarajat in the highlands of central Afghanistan with the provincial capital, Nili. It was carved out from the northern part of Uruzgan Province in 2004, becoming a separate province.

Daikundi is surrounded by Bamyan Province in the northeast, Ghazni Province in the southeast, Uruzgan Province in the south, Helmand Province in the southwest, and Ghor Province in the northwest.
Texas State Highway 211
State Highway 211 (SH 211), also known as the Texas Research Parkway and the Hill Country Parkway, is an 18.8-mile (30.3 km) state highway west of the city of San Antonio in the U.S. state of Texas. It runs from U.S. Highway 90 (US 90) to SH 16, crossing between Bexar County and Medina County. Designated in 1986 as an access route to the Texas Research Park, the route was composed of two disconnected sections—a southern segment from US 90 to Farm to Market Road 1957 (FM 1957) and a northern segment from FM 471 to SH 16—before the gap was closed in 2022.

Farm to Market Road 1957
Farm to Market Road 1957 (FM 1957) is a Farm to Market Road in Texas. Located in Medina and Bexar counties, the 15.983-mile-long (25.722 km) highway serves as an arterial street through the growing western suburbs of San Antonio. FM 1957 is known as Potranco Road within Bexar County.

The modern routing of this highway was originally defined in 1954. Since then, FM 1957's western terminus has been extended to FM 471 near Rio Medina, and the entire routing along Culebra Road was transferred to FM 3487. Before the current routing was established, FM 1957 was also the designation for a highway in Borden County from 1951 to 1954, now part of FM 1610.
Aellopobatis
Aellopobatis (meaning "storm wind ray") is an extinct genus of asterodermid rays from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian age) Solnhofen Archipelago of Germany. The genus contains a single species, A. bavarica, known from several complete, well-preserved specimens.

Asterodermidae
Asterodermidae (also referred to as Spathobatidae) is an extinct family of rays known from the Late Jurassic epoch. Asterodermidae is the only family within the order Apolithabatiformes (spinorays). All named genera within this family are known from Europe, although a specimen from Argentina may also have affinities with these taxa. The general body plan of asterodermids is reminiscent of modern guitarfish.
Dalpat Shah
Dalpat Shah was the 49th ruler of the Garha Kingdom, which controlled the Indian region of Gondwana. His reign was short, he died in 1550, leaving the kingdom in the hands of his able wife Rani Durgavati, acting as a regent for their son Vir Narayan.

Dalpat Shah was the adopted son of Sangram Shah, the 48th and the greatest ruler of Gadha Mandla. He is best known as the husband of Rani Durgavati, one of the greatest Gond rulers in history, her bravery and for defending the kingdom against the forces led by Asaf Khan I sent by the mighty Mughal emperor Akbar.

Rani Durgavati
Rani Durgavati (5 October 1524 – 24 June 1564) was the queen regent of Gondwana in 1550–1564 AD. She married Dalpat Shah, the son of King Sangram Shah of Gondwana. She served as regent of Gondwana during the minority of her son, Vir Narayan, from 1550 until 1564. She is chiefly remembered for defending Gondwana against the Mughal Empire.
Donbassaero
Donbassaero (Ukrainian: Донбасаеро, Russian: Донбассаэро) was an airline with its head office on the Donetsk International Airport premises in Donetsk, Ukraine. It operated domestic and international scheduled services. Its main bases were Donetsk International Airport and Boryspil International Airport in Kyiv. The main shareholder of the company was PrivatBank, controlled by Ihor Kolomoyskyi.

Donetsk International Airport
Donetsk Sergei Prokofiev International Airport (IATA: DOK, ICAO: UKCC) is a former airport located 10 km (6.2 mi) northwest of Donetsk, Ukraine, that was destroyed in 2014 during the war in Donbas. It was built in the 1940s, rebuilt in 1973, and then again from 2011 to 2012 for Euro 2012. In 2013, during its last full year of operation, it handled more than a million passengers. As of December 2025, the airport has been restored for military use.

The airport is named after twentieth-century composer Sergei Prokofiev, who was a native of the region. The former airport, after being destroyed during the 1st and 2nd Battles of Donetsk Airport, has been controlled by the Russian military since 2022.
Quick Ishida
In shogi, Quick Ishida, Rapid Ishida or Ishida Quick Attack (早石田 haya ishida) is an Ishida variation of the Third File Rook class of openings characterized by an open bishop diagonal.

Like all Ishida variations, it has an early advancement of seventh file pawn when played by Black or third file pawn when played by White.

The strategy initially has the Static Rook opponent aiming to attack the Ishida player's bishop head and while the Ishida player aims to counterattack breaking Static Rook's camp on the seventh file with the threat of several different bishop drop positions.

The Quick Ishida position can lead to a number of traps if the opponent does not defend properly.

Ishida (shogi)
The Ishida Opening (石田流三間飛車 ishida-ryū sankenbisha or shorter form 石田流 ishida-ryū) is a major variation in Third File Rook openings of the Japanese game of shōgi.

In the Ishida Opening, in contrast to other Third File Rook openings, the seventh file pawn is advanced to the fifth rank if played by Black (P-75), or the third file pawn if played by White (P-35). This allows the rook to move up to the 76 square (Black) or 34 square (White).
Urshan Graduate School of Theology
Urshan Graduate School of Theology (UGST) is a private seminary operated by the United Pentecostal Church International (UPCI) and located in Wentzville, Missouri. It opened in 2001 as a Oneness Pentecostal seminary and also offers undergraduate programs through Urshan University.

Urshan University
Urshan University, formerly known as Urshan College and Gateway College of Evangelism, is a Christian college in Wentzville, Missouri. It is owned and operated by the United Pentecostal Church International (UPCI). In 2012, the college was acquired by Urshan Graduate School of Theology, through which it offers graduate programs.
Phil Hanson (racing driver)
Philip Beauchamp Hanson (born 5 July 1999) is a British racing driver who currently competes in the  FIA World Endurance Championship with AF Corse.

Hanson has won multiple titles in sportscar racing, including the Dunlop Endurance Championship in 2016 (alongside an event win at the British LMP3 Cup), 2016–17 and 2018–19 Asian Le Mans Series championships in the LMP3 and LMP2 classes respectively, and the 2020 European Le Mans Series. Hanson is also a class winner at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, an achievement he garnered in 2020, a year in which he also won the FIA World Endurance Championship in LMP2. He is also the youngest driver ever to win a WEC title and the youngest British driver to win LMP2 at Le Mans. After being promoted to AF Corse's #83 car in 2025, Hanson won the 2025 24 Hours of Le Mans, alongside Robert Kubica and Yifei Ye.

Yifei Ye
Yifei Ye (Chinese: 叶一飞; born 16 June 2000) is a Chinese racing driver who competes in the FIA World Endurance Championship for AF Corse. He is the 2021 European Le Mans Series and Asian Le Mans Series champion and previously competed in single-seater racing, winning the French F4 championship in 2016 and the Euroformula Open title in 2020.

Ye is a former member of the Renault Sport Academy and drove for Porsche Motorsport Asia Pacific as a Selected Driver from 2021 until 2023.

Ye has driven for Ferrari since 2024 and currently competes with the #83 Ferrari 499P in the 2025 FIA World Endurance Championship, alongside Robert Kubica and Phil Hanson. Ye and his teammates won the 2025 24 Hours of Le Mans, making him the first Chinese driver to take an overall victory in the event.
Pabasa (ritual)
Pabása ng Pasyón (Tagalog for "Reading of the Passion"), known simply as Pabása is a Catholic devotion in the Philippines popular during Holy Week involving the uninterrupted chanting of the Pasyón, an early 16th-century epic poem narrating the life, passion, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The verses are based on the bible and practiced every holy week.

Pasyon
The Pasyón (Spanish: Pasión) is a Philippine epic narrative of the life of Jesus Christ, focused on his Passion, Death, and Resurrection. In stanzas of five lines of eight syllables each, the standard elements of epic poetry are interwoven with a colourful, dramatic theme.

The uninterrupted chanting or pabasa (“reading”) of the entire book from start to end is a popular Filipino Catholic devotion during the Lenten season, particularly during Holy Week.

In 2011, the Pabasa was cited by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts as one of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Philippines under the Performing Arts category that the government may nominate for inclusion in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.
Zinaida Yusupova
Princess Zinaida Nikolaevna Yusupova (Russian: Зинаи́да Никола́евна Юсу́пова; 2 September 1861 – 24 November 1939) was a Russian noblewoman, the only heiress of Russia's largest private fortune of her time. Famed for her beauty, the lavishness of her hospitality, and her extensive charity, she was a leading figure in pre-Revolutionary Russian society. In 1882, she married Count Felix Felixovich Sumarokov-Elston, who served briefly as General Governor of Moscow Military District (1914–1915). Zinaida is best known as the mother of Prince Felix Yusupov, the murderer of Grigori Rasputin. In April of 1919 she left Russia and spent her remaining years living in exile.

Felix Yusupov
Knyaz Felix Felixovich Yusupov, Count Sumarokov-Elston (Russian: Князь Фе́ликс Фе́ликсович Юсу́пов, Граф Сумаро́ков-Эльстон; 23 March [O.S. 11 March] 1887 – 27 September 1967) was a Russian aristocrat from the House of Yusupov who is best known for participating in the assassination of Grigori Rasputin and for marrying Princess Irina Alexandrovna, a niece of Emperor Nicholas II.
John bar Penkaye
John bar Penkaye (Syriac: ܝܘܚܢܢ ܒܪ ܦܢܟܝ̈ܐ Yōḥannān bar Penkāyē) was a writer of the late seventh century who was a member of the Church of the East. He lived at the time of the fifth Umayyad caliph, Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan.

His surname indicates that his parents came from Feneq, on the Tigris east of Tur Abdin. He was a monk at the monastery of Mar John of Kamul, and later at the monastery of Mar Bassima. Later writers confuse him with John Saba of Dalyatha.

John bar Penkaye's writings provides an eyewitness account of the early Muslim conquests of his time.

John of Dalyatha
John of Dalyatha (c. 690 – c. 780), commonly known as John Saba ("the Elder") and in Syriac Yoḥannan, was a monk and mystic of the Church of the East. He spent his entire life in Upper Mesopotamia, alternating between coenobitic (community-based) and eremitic (solitary) monasticism, with a preference for the latter. At the time of his death, he was serving as the abbot of a community of monks.

John was a prolific writer in Syriac. A great number of his sermons, treatises, maxims and letters have survived. Translated into several languages in the centuries after his death, they were rarely read within the Church of the East (even being banned between the 780s and the 820s) but circulated widely in other Christian traditions throughout Asia, Africa and Europe.
Robert Moffat (missionary)
Robert Moffat (21 December 1795 – 9 August 1883) was a Scottish Congregationalist missionary to Africa from 1817 to 1870.

Moffat began his missionary career in South Africa at the age of twenty-one. Moffat was married to Mary Moffat. Their daughter was Mary Moffat Livingstone and their son-in-law was David Livingstone, an explorer and missionary who often worked with Moffat and his missionary efforts at various stations in southern Africa. While doing missionary work at the mission at Kuruman, Moffat was the first to translate and have the Bible printed into the Sechuana language. While in Africa, Moffat devoted much of his time to preaching the gospel and discussing the Bible, and also taught many of the natives how to read and write. Moffat's missionary career in Africa spanned a total of fifty-four years.

Mary Moffat
Mary Moffat born Mary Smith (1795 – 9 January 1871) was a British missionary who became a role model for women involved in missionary work. She was the wife of Robert Moffat, the mother of Mary Moffat Livingstone and David Livingstone was her son-in-law. She was seen by Victorian Britain as an ideal missionary wife and role model for Tswana women, but it is unproven whether Africans saw her in this role.
The Bad Seed Returns
The Bad Seed Returns is a 2022 American made-for-television horror drama film directed by Louise Archambault, written by Ross Burge, Mckenna Grace, and Barbara Marshall, and starring Grace, Michelle Morgan, Benjamin Ayres, Marlowe Zimmerman, Jude Wilson, Gabriela Bee, Ella Dixon, Marlee Walchuk, Lorne Cardinal, and a special appearance by Patty McCormack. It is the sequel to the 2018 television film The Bad Seed, which was a remake of the 1956 film, as well as having been adapted from William March's 1954 novel. The film premiered on Lifetime on September 5, 2022.

The Bad Seed (1956 film)
The Bad Seed is a 1956 American psychological horror thriller film directed by Mervyn LeRoy and starring Nancy Kelly, Patty McCormack, Henry Jones and Eileen Heckart, about an eight-year-old girl whose mother begins to suspect that she might be a psychopathic killer.

The film adapts the 1954 play of the same name by Maxwell Anderson, which in turn is based on William March's 1954 novel of the same name. The screenplay was written by John Lee Mahin.
Arturo Cruz
Arturo José Cruz Porras (December 18, 1923 – July 9, 2013), sometimes called Arturo Cruz Sr. to distinguish him from his son, was a Nicaraguan banker and technocrat. He became prominent in politics during the Sandinista (FSLN) era. After repeatedly resigning from positions in protest, opinion divided between those who lauded him as a statesman and man of principle, and those who derided him as an ineffectual hand-wringer.

Arturo Cruz Jr.
Arturo José Cruz Sequeira (born 1953), also known as Arturo Cruz Jr., is a Nicaraguan Contra, diplomat and professor. The son of Nicaraguan politician Arturo Cruz, he became involved in the exile politics of the Contra rebels opposing the Sandinista (FSLN) government in the 1980s, and later served as the Ambassador of Nicaragua to the United States for two years from 2007 to 2009. Prior to his ambassadorship, Cruz was a tenured professor at Instituto Centroamericano de Administración de Empresas Business School in Managua, Nicaragua, and a visiting professor at the Advanced School of Economics and Business in San Salvador, El Salvador. Cruz was a pre-candidate for president in the 2021 Nicaraguan general election. On June 5, 2021, he was arrested by the government of Daniel Ortega.
Eric Drew Feldman
Eric Drew Feldman (born April 16, 1955) is an American musician. Feldman has worked with Captain Beefheart, Fear, Snakefinger, The Residents, Pere Ubu, Pixies, dEUS, Katell Keineg, Frank Black, The Polyphonic Spree, Tripping Daisy, Reid Paley, Charlotte Hatherley, Custard and PJ Harvey.

Black Francis
Charles Michael Kittridge Thompson IV (born April 6, 1965), known professionally as Black Francis and formerly Frank Black, is an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist who is the lead vocalist of the alternative rock band Pixies. Following the band's breakup in 1993, he embarked on a solo career releasing fifteen albums and forming his band, the Catholics. The Pixies regrouped in 2004, and he declared his solo career to be over in 2013.

His vocal style varies from a screaming, yowling delivery with Pixies to a more measured, melodic style in his solo career. His cryptic lyrics mostly explore unconventional subjects, such as surrealism, UFOs, and biblical violence, along with science fiction and surf culture. His use of atypical meter signatures, loud–quiet dynamics, and distinct preference for live-to-two-track recording during his time with the Catholics have given him a distinct style within alternative rock.
Conductive polymer
Chemical structures of some conductive polymers. From top left clockwise: polyacetylene; polyphenylene vinylene; polypyrrole (X = NH) and polythiophene (X = S); and polyaniline (X = NH) and polyphenylene sulfide (X = S).

Conductive polymers or, more precisely, intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) are organic polymers that conduct electricity. Such compounds may have metallic conductivity or can be semiconductors. The main advantage of conductive polymers is that they are easy to process, mainly by dispersion. Conductive polymers are generally not thermoplastics, i.e., they are not thermoformable. But, like insulating polymers, they are organic materials. They can offer high electrical conductivity but do not show similar mechanical properties to other commercially available polymers. The electrical properties can be fine-tuned using the methods of organic synthesis and by advanced dispersion techniques.

Poly(p-phenylene vinylene)
Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV, or polyphenylene vinylene) is a conducting polymer of the rigid-rod polymer family.  PPV is the only polymer of this type that can be processed into a highly ordered crystalline thin film. PPV and its derivatives are electrically conducting upon doping.  Although insoluble in water, its precursors can be manipulated in aqueous solution. The small optical band gap and its bright yellow fluorescence makes PPV a candidate in applications such as light-emitting diodes (LED) and photovoltaic devices. Moreover, PPV can be doped to form electrically conductive materials. Its physical and electronic properties can be altered by the inclusion of functional side groups.