hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karl Brugmann
Karl Friedrich Christian Brugmann (/ˈbruɡmən/ BROOG-mən; né Brugman; 16 March 1849 – 29 June 1919) was a German linguist and one of the founders of the Neogrammarian school. He is best known for his contributions to Indo-European linguistics, particularly in the fields of historical phonology and morphology. Brugmann contributed to the formulation of the Neogrammarian principle of the regularity of sound change and was a principal author of the Grundriss der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen, a reference work in comparative Indo-European grammar.

Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen
Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen (German for 'Outline of the Comparative Grammar of the Indo-European Languages') is a major work of historical linguistics by Karl Brugmann and Berthold Delbrück, published in two editions between 1886 and 1916. Brugmann treated phonology and morphology, and Delbrück treated syntax. 
The grammar of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is reconstructed from those of its daughter languages known in the late 19th century. The work represents a major step in Indo-European studies, after Franz Bopp's Comparative Grammar of 1833 and August Schleicher's Compendium of 1871. Brugmann's neogrammarian re-evaluation of PIE resulted in a view that in its essence continued to be valid until present times.
Lorenzo Serra Ferrer
Lorenzo Serra Ferrer (Spanish pronunciation: [loˈɾenθo ˈsera feˈreɾ]; Catalan: Llorenç Serra Ferrer [ʎuˈɾɛns ˈsɛrə fəˈre]; born 5 March 1953) is a Spanish football manager.

His career was mainly associated with Mallorca and Betis, and he also served the former in various other capacities.

Real Betis
Real Betis Balompié, S.A.D., known as Real Betis (pronounced [reˈal ˈβetis]) is a Spanish professional football club based in Seville, Andalusia, Spain. It plays in La Liga, the top flight of Spanish football. It currently plays home games at the 70,000-seat Estadio de La Cartuja.

Real Betis won the league title in 1935 and the Copa del Rey in 1977, 2005 and 2022. Given the club's tumultuous history and many relegations, its motto is ¡Viva el Betis manque pierda! (Long live Betis even though they lose!).
Anghel Saligny
Anghel Saligny (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈaŋɡel saˈliɲi]; 19 April 1854, Șerbănești, Moldavia – 17 June 1925, Bucharest, Romania) was a Romanian engineer, most famous for designing the Fetești-Cernavodă railway bridge (1895) over the Danube, the longest bridge in Europe at that time. He also designed the storage facilities in Constanța seaport, one of the earliest examples of reinforced concrete architecture in Europe.

Anghel Saligny Bridge
The Anghel Saligny Bridge (Romanian: Podul Anghel Saligny), formerly King Carol I Bridge, is a complex of two railroad truss bridges in Romania, across the Danube River and the Borcea branch of the Danube, connecting the regions of Muntenia and Dobruja. The bridge is listed in the National Register of Historic Monuments.
San Francisco Independent Film Festival
The San Francisco Independent Film Festival, known as San Francisco IndieFest, is an annual film festival that recognizes contemporary independent film. Established in 1998, it is run by SF IndieFest, a non-profit organization, and based at the Roxie Theater in San Francisco, California.

Roxie Theater
The Roxie Theater, also known as the Roxie Cinema or just The Roxie, is a historic movie theater, founded in 1912, at 3117 16th Street in the Mission District of San Francisco. It is a non-profit community arthouse cinema.
Douglas Graham (British Army officer)
Major-General Douglas Alexander Henry Graham, CB, CBE, DSO & Bar, MC, DL (26 March 1893 – 28 September 1971) was a senior British Army officer who fought with distinction in both world wars. He is most notable during the Second World War for commanding the 153rd Brigade of the 51st (Highland) Division in North Africa from 1942 to 1943, later being the General Officer Commanding (GOC) of the 56th (London) Infantry Division during the Salerno landings in Italy in September 1943 and the 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division during the Normandy landings in France in June 1944.

50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division
The 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division was an infantry division of the British Army that saw distinguished service in the Second World War. Pre-war, the division was part of the Territorial Army (TA) and the two Ts in the divisional insignia represent the two main rivers of its recruitment area, namely the rivers Tyne, and Tees. The division served in almost all of the major engagements of the European War from 1940 until late 1944 and also served with distinction in North Africa, the Mediterranean and Middle East from mid-1941 to 1943. The 50th Division was one of two British divisions (the other being the 3rd Infantry) to land in Normandy on D-Day, 6 June 1944, where it landed on Gold Beach. Four men of the division were awarded the Victoria Cross during the war, more than any other division of the British Army during the Second World War.
Simplified Tamil script
Simplified Tamil script or Reformed Tamil script refers to several governmental reforms to the Tamil script.

In 1978, the Government of Tamil Nadu reformed certain syllables of the modern Tamil script with view to simplify the script. It aimed to standardize non-standard ligatures of ஆ ā, ஒ o, ஓ ō and ஐ ai syllables.

Furthermore, only 13 out of 15 of the proposed simplifications were successful as people continued to use ஐ ai instead of the proposed அய் ay and ஔ au instead of the proposed அவ் av.

Tamil script
The Tamil script (தமிழ் அரிச்சுவடி Tamiḻ ariccuvaṭi [tamiɻ ˈaɾitːɕuʋaɽi]) is an abugida script that is used by Tamils and Tamil speakers in India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore and elsewhere to write the Tamil language. It is one of the official scripts of the Indian Republic. Certain minority languages such as Saurashtra, Badaga, Irula and Paniya are also written in the Tamil script.
Tom Chapin
Tom Chapin (born March 13, 1945) is an American singer-songwriter, storyteller, actor and television host. Known for his ABC children's show Make-A-Wish and his children's albums, Chapin is also the younger brother of late folk singer/songwriter and humanitarian Harry Chapin. A fixture on the American folk music circuit, he has frequently performed with Pete Seeger, Holly Near, Peter Yarrow, Judy Collins, and David Amram.

Chapin also performs regularly with his brother Steve Chapin, niece Jen Chapin and daughters, Abigail and Lily aka The Chapin Sisters and The Harry Chapin band billed as The Chapin Family. He sits on the board of Why Hunger, his late brother Harry's food justice organization.

Chapin Sisters
The Chapin Sisters are an American Folk Pop harmony duo from Brooklyn, New York. The band consists of sisters Abigail and Lily Chapin, and formerly their half-sister Jessica Craven. Known for their blood harmonies, their sound blurs the lines between old-time Appalachian music, Americana, classic country-rock and pop.

They have toured throughout the U.S. and the U.K. and have appeared in The New York Times, Rolling Stone Magazine, Elle Magazine, Popmatters, NPR's Weekend Edition with Scott Simon, American Songwriter, Wall Street Journal, The Boston Globe,The Los Angeles Times, NYT's T Magazine, Washington Post.

The Chapin Sisters also frequently perform with their father Tom Chapin, their cousin Jen Chapin, their uncle Steve Chapin and The Harry Chapin Band billed as 'The Chapin Family.'
Taraia
Taraia was a rangatira (chieftain) of Ngāti Kahungunu and ancestor of the Ngāi Te Ūpokoiri hapū. He may have lived in the early eighteenth century. After his family were driven out of the East Cape region, he and his brothers led them south into Hawke's Bay, where he brought the Heretaunga Plains under Ngāti Kahungunu control, through the conquest of Pukuwheke, Heipipi, and Ōtātara. From here Ngāti Kahungunu eventually spread south all the way to Wellington.

Ngāti Kahungunu
Ngāti Kahungunu (Māori pronunciation: [ˈŋaːti ˈkahʉŋʉnʉ]) is a Māori iwi (tribe) located along the eastern coast of the North Island of New Zealand. The iwi is traditionally centred in the Hawke's Bay and Wairārapa regions. The Kahungunu iwi also comprises 86 hapū (sub-tribes) and 90 marae (meeting grounds).

The tribe is organised into six geographical and administrative divisions: Wairoa, Te Whanganui-ā-Orotū, Heretaunga, Tamatea, Tāmaki-nui-a Rua and Wairarapa. It is the 4th largest iwi in New Zealand by population, with 82,239 people identifying as Ngāti Kahungunu in the 2018 census.
Ministry of Defence (Italy)
The Ministry of Defence (Italian: Ministero della Difesa, or MDD) is the government body of the Italian Republic responsible for military and civil defence matters and managing the Italian Armed Forces. It is led by the Italian Minister of Defence, a position occupied by Guido Crosetto since October 2022.

The Ministry of Defence was created in 1947 by the merger of the Ministry of War, Ministry of the Navy, and Ministry of Aeronautics under the De Gasperi III Cabinet.

The first Minister of Defence was Luigi Gasparotto.

Ministry of the Air Force (Italy)
The Ministry of the Air Force (Italian: Ministero dell'aeronautica) was a department of the Kingdom of Italy, and subsequently of the Italian Republic, with jurisdiction over both military and civil aviation. Established in 1925, it was abolished in 1947 when it merged with the Ministry of War and the Ministry of the Navy to form the Ministry of Defence.

Although generally translated as "Ministry of the Air Force" in English, the literal English translation of the ministry's name is "Ministry of Aeronautics," which more accurately captures its role in overseeing both the air force and civil aviation. Its role thus was analogous to the contemporary British Air Ministry and Ministry of Aviation (Reichslutfahrtministerium) of Nazi Germany, both of which oversaw both military and civil aviation.
Killing of Gidone Busch
Gidone Busch or Gary Busch (1968 – August 30, 1999) was a mentally ill Breslover Hasid who was shot and killed outside his apartment in Borough Park, Brooklyn by four officers of the New York City Police Department, who fired on him at least 12 times. The killing was highly controversial, because although Busch was armed at the time, the weapon he brandished was a claw hammer, and accounts of the incident varied widely.

Borough Park, Brooklyn
Borough Park (also spelled Boro Park) is a neighborhood in the southwestern part of the borough of Brooklyn, in New York City. The neighborhood is bordered by Bensonhurst to the south, Dyker Heights to the southwest, Sunset Park to the west, Kensington and Green-Wood Cemetery to the north, Flatbush to the east, and Mapleton to the southeast.

It is economically diverse and home to one of the largest Orthodox Jewish communities outside Israel, with one of the largest concentrations of Jews in the United States. With Orthodox and Haredi families having an average of 6.72 children, Boro Park is experiencing a sharp growth in population.

The neighborhood is part of Brooklyn Community District 12, and its primary ZIP Code is 11219. It is patrolled by the 66th Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Politically, it is represented by the New York City Council's 38th, 39th, and 44th districts.
Pacific Highway Border Crossing
The Pacific Highway Border Crossing connects the city of Blaine, Washington and the city of Surrey, British Columbia on the Canada–US border. Washington State Route 543 on the American side joins British Columbia Highway 15 on the Canadian side. Since the 1970s, commercial vehicles driving directly between Blaine and Surrey have been required to use this route, one of the five busiest commercial US-Canada border crossings.

British Columbia Highway 15
Highway 15 (BC 15), known locally as the Pacific Highway, is a 20.99-kilometre-long (13.04 mi) north–south highway primarily located in the City of Surrey, British Columbia. The southern terminus is with Interstate 5 (I-5) near Blaine, Washington, as State Route 543 (SR 543). SR 543 is a 1.75-kilometre-long (1.09 mi) connector between I-5 and the Canada–US border, linking with BC 15. Over 3,000 trucks per day pass through the border crossing along SR 543 and BC 15, because the Peace Arch border crossing does not allow commercial trucks.
Kawasaki, Kanagawa
Kawasaki, officially Kawasaki City, is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, one of the main cities of the Greater Tokyo Area and Keihin Industrial Area. It is the second most populated city in Kanagawa Prefecture after Yokohama, and the eighth most populated city in Japan (including the Tokyo Metropolitan Area).

As of October 1, 2017, the city has an estimated population of 1,503,690, with 716,470 households, and a population density of 10,000 persons per km2. Kawasaki is the only city in Japan with more than one million inhabitants that is not a prefectural capital. The total area is 142.70 km2 (55.10 sq mi).

Keihin region
The Keihin region (京浜地方, Keihin Chihō) consists of the Japanese cities Tokyo, Kawasaki, and Yokohama. The term is mostly used to describe these cities as one industrial region. 
Keihin is derived from the second character of Tōkyō, 京, which can be read kyō or kei, and the second character of Yokohama, 浜, which can be read hin or hama.

The Keihin region is part of the larger Kantō region.
The Sun (New York City)
The Sun was a New York newspaper published from 1833 until 1950. It was considered a serious paper, like the city's two more successful broadsheets, The New York Times and the New York Herald Tribune. The Sun was the first successful penny daily newspaper in the United States, and was for a time the most successful newspaper in America.

The paper had a central focus on crime news, in which it was a pioneer, and was the first journal to hire a police reporter. Its audience was primarily working class readers.

The Sun is well-known for publishing the Great Moon Hoax of 1835, as well as Francis Pharcellus Church's 1897 editorial containing the line "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus".

It merged with the New York World-Telegram in 1950.

Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus
"Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus" is a line from an editorial by Francis Pharcellus Church. Written in response to a letter by eight-year-old Virginia O'Hanlon asking whether Santa Claus was real, the editorial was first published in the New York newspaper The Sun on September 21, 1897.

"Is There a Santa Claus?" was initially published uncredited and Church's authorship was not disclosed until after his death in 1906. The editorial was quickly republished by other New York newspapers. Though initially reluctant to do the same, The Sun soon began regularly republishing the editorial during the Christmas and holiday season, including every year from 1924 to 1950, when the paper ceased publication.

The editorial is widely reprinted in the United States during the holiday season, and is the most reprinted newspaper editorial in the English language. It has been translated into around 20 languages and adapted as television specials, a film, a musical, and a cantata.
Frey's syndrome
Frey's syndrome (also known as Baillarger's syndrome, Dupuy's syndrome, auriculotemporal syndrome, or Frey-Baillarger syndrome) is a rare neurological disorder resulting from damage to or near the parotid glands responsible for making saliva, and from damage to the auriculotemporal nerve often from surgery.

The symptoms of Frey's syndrome are redness and sweating on the cheek area adjacent to the ear (see focal hyperhidrosis). They can appear when the affected person eats, sees, dreams, thinks about, or talks about certain kinds of food which produce strong salivation. Observing sweating in the region after eating a lemon wedge may be diagnostic.

Parotid gland
The parotid gland is a major salivary gland in many animals. In humans, the two parotid glands are present on either side of the mouth and in front of both ears. They are the largest of the salivary glands. Each parotid is wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and secretes serous saliva through the parotid duct into the mouth, to facilitate mastication and swallowing and to begin the digestion of starches. There are also two other types of salivary glands; they are submandibular and sublingual glands. Sometimes accessory parotid glands are found close to the main parotid glands.

The venom glands of snakes are a modification of the parotid salivary glands.
Uniformly connected space
In topology and related areas of mathematics a uniformly connected space or Cantor connected space is a uniform space U such that every uniformly continuous function from U to a discrete uniform space is constant.

A uniform space U is called uniformly disconnected if it is not uniformly connected.

Uniform space
In the mathematical field of topology, a uniform space is a set with additional structure that is used to define uniform properties, such as completeness, uniform continuity and uniform convergence. Uniform spaces generalize metric spaces and topological groups, but the concept is designed to formulate the weakest axioms needed for most proofs in analysis.

In addition to the usual properties of a topological structure, in a uniform space one formalizes the notions of relative closeness and closeness of points.  In other words, ideas like "x is closer to a than y is to b" make sense in uniform spaces.  By comparison, in a general topological space, given sets A,B it is meaningful to say that a point x is arbitrarily close to A (i.e., in the closure of A), or perhaps that A is a smaller neighborhood of x than B, but notions of closeness of points and relative closeness are not described well by topological structure alone.
Laurene Powell Jobs
Laurene Powell Jobs (née Powell; born November 6, 1963) is an American entrepreneur, business executive and philanthropist. She is the founder and president of Emerson Collective, lead investor and chair of The Atlantic and co-founder and chair of XQ Institute. Powell Jobs also sits on the boards of the Ford Foundation, Council on Foreign Relations, Chicago CRED, College Track and Elemental Impact. She was married to Steve Jobs, who was the co-founder and former chief executive of Apple Inc, for more than 20 years.

XQ Institute
XQ Institute is an American nonprofit organization founded in September 2015 to transform high school in America, so every student graduates prepared to thrive in college, career and life. The organization is headquartered in Oakland, California and was founded by businesswoman and philanthropist Laurene Powell Jobs and Russlynn Ali, former assistant secretary of civil rights at the US Department of Education. The institute began with 'XQ: The Super School Project', a competition to identify new ideas to reform schools and improve student performance. Since 2015, XQ has helped communities across the US build new schools, redesign old ones and replace outdated systems with mastery-based, relevant learning.
Witchhammer
Witchhammer (Czech: Kladivo na čarodějnice) is a 1970 Czechoslovak drama film directed by Otakar Vávra and starring Elo Romančík. Based on the novel Kladivo na čarodějnice by Václav Kaplický, Witchhammer relates the story of the Northern Moravia witch trials of the 1670s, focusing on the priest Kryštof Lautner, played by Romančík, who falls victim to the witchhunt after opposing the trials. The film contains possible allegory about Communist show trials in Czechoslovakia.

The film had a limited release in Czechoslovakia. Despite this, it won awards at the Mar del Plata International Film Festival in 1970 and is considered one of Vávra's finest films.

Northern Moravia witch trials
Northern Moravia witch trials, also known as Boblig witch trials was a series of witch trials which occurred in the Jeseník (Freiwaldau) and Šumperk (Mährisch Schönberg) area in the present-day Czech Republic, between 1622 and 1696. They are among the largest and most well known Czech witch trials.
SAR supergroup
SAR is a highly diverse clade of eukaryotes, often considered a supergroup, that includes stramenopiles (heterokonts), alveolates, and rhizarians. It is a node-based taxon (under the Sar name), including all descendants of the three groups' last common ancestor, and comprises most of the now-rejected Chromalveolata. Their sister group might be telonemids, with which they would make up the TSAR (sometimes called T-SAR) clade, but this grouping has been challenged. Harosa is used synonymously with TSAR by Cavalier-Smith in 2022.

Alveolate
The alveolates are a group of protists, considered a major clade or superphylum within Eukaryota. They are currently grouped with the Stramenopiles and Rhizaria among the protists with tubulocristate mitochondria into the SAR supergroup.
Christina School District
The Christina School District is a Delaware public school district located primarily in the Newark area and a non-contiguous portion of Wilmington.   The district office is located on the property of Glasgow High School in New Castle County, with Dr. Deirdra Joyner as the current superintendent.

The district includes Newark, Brookside, central portions of Wilmington, most of Glasgow, about half of Bear, half of North Star, and parts of Pike Creek and Pike Creek Valley.

Newark, Delaware
Newark (/ˈnjuːɑːrk/ NEW-ark) is a city in New Castle County, Delaware, United States. Home to the University of Delaware, it is located 8 miles (13 km) west-southwest of Wilmington and 28 miles (45 km) southwest of Philadelphia. According to the 2020 census, the town's population is 30,601. It constitutes part of the Delaware Valley, and the Philadelphia metropolitan area.
Speedboats for Breakfast
Speedboats for Breakfast is the sixth solo studio album by Australian singer/songwriter James Reyne released on 19 April 2004. The album is Reyne's first studio album since Design for Living in 1999 and features a cover of Olivia Newton-John's "Have You Ever Been Mellow".

On the lead single "Bug" Reyne said: "I wanted to create a song out of playing the same four chords going round and round, building and growing all the time, with things coming in and dropping out. The listener knows there's transition but there's no real point where the change is obvious."

In a 2013 interview, when asked if there is a song he likes playing live, Reyne responded with "Oh usually some of the newer ones, there’s a song of mine called "Rainbow’s Dead End" that I like playing."

Have You Never Been Mellow (song)
"Have You Never Been Mellow" is a song recorded by British-Australian singer Olivia Newton-John for her 1975 fifth studio album of the same name. Written and produced by John Farrar, the song was released as the lead single from the album in January 1975.

In the United States, the single became Newton-John's second consecutive number-one hit on the Billboard Hot 100, topping the chart in March 1975. It also topped the Adult Contemporary chart, and continued her success as a crossover artist when it peaked at number three on the Hot Country Songs chart. It also became her fourth consecutive single to receive a Gold certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The single also reached number one in Canada, and peaked at number ten in Newton-John's native Australia.

"Have You Never Been Mellow" was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female at the 18th Annual Grammy Awards, but lost to Janis Ian's "At Seventeen".