hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scottish Seabird Centre
The Scottish Seabird Centre is a marine conservation and education charity, that is supported by an award-winning visitor attraction in North Berwick, East Lothian, Scotland. Opened by the Duke of Rothesay in 2000 and funded by the Millennium Commission. The showpiece of the centre is the interactive live cameras out to the wildlife on the Firth of Forth islands, including Bass Rock, Isle of May, Fidra and Craigleith. The Bass Rock is the world's largest colony of Northern gannets with an estimated 150,000 birds present.

North Berwick
North Berwick (/ˈbɛrɪk/; BEH-rik; Scottish Gaelic: Bearaig a Tuath) is a seaside town and former royal burgh in East Lothian, Scotland. It is situated on the south shore of the Firth of Forth, approximately 20 miles (32 km) east-northeast of Edinburgh. North Berwick became a fashionable holiday resort in the nineteenth century because of its two sandy bays, the East (or Milsey) Bay and the West Bay, and continues to attract holidaymakers. Golf courses at the ends of each bay are open to visitors.
Schumacher
Schumacher or Schuhmacher is an occupational surname (German, "shoemaker", pronounced [ˈʃuːmaxɐ], both variants can be used as surnames, with Schumacher being the more popular one, however, only the variant with three "h"s can also be used as a job description in modern German spelling). The variant Schumaker is also commonly seen in the USA.

Notable people with the surname include:

Schumaker
Schumaker is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

John G. Schumaker (1826–1905), United States Representative from New York

Robert P. Schumaker, American academic and inventor of AZFinText

Skip Schumaker (born 1980), baseball player
Niobium dioxide
Niobium dioxide, is the chemical compound with the formula NbO2. It is a bluish-black non-stoichiometric solid with a composition range of NbO1.94-NbO2.09. It can be prepared by reducing Nb2O5 with H2 at 800–1350 °C. An alternative method is reaction of Nb2O5 with Nb powder at 1100 °C.

Niobium pentoxide
Niobium pentoxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Nb2O5. A colorless, insoluble, and fairly unreactive solid, it is the most widespread precursor for other compounds and materials containing niobium. It is predominantly used in alloying, with other specialized applications in capacitors, optical glasses, and the production of lithium niobate.
Bouncing bomb
A bouncing bomb is a bomb designed to bounce to a target across water in a calculated manner to avoid obstacles such as torpedo nets, and to allow both the bomb's speed on arrival at the target and the timing of its detonation to be predetermined, in a similar fashion to a regular naval depth charge. The inventor of the first such bomb was the British engineer Barnes Wallis, whose "Upkeep" bouncing bomb was used in the RAF's Operation Chastise of May 1943 to bounce into German dams and explode underwater, with an effect similar to the underground detonation of the later Grand Slam and Tallboy earthquake bombs, both of which he also invented.

Operation Chastise
Operation Chastise, commonly known as the Dambusters Raid, was an attack on German dams carried out on the night of 16/17 May 1943 by 617 Squadron RAF Bomber Command, later called the Dam Busters, using special bouncing bombs developed by Barnes Wallis. The Möhne and Edersee dams were breached, causing catastrophic flooding of the Ruhr valley and of villages in the Eder valley; the Sorpe Dam sustained only minor damage. Two hydroelectric power stations were destroyed and several more damaged. Factories and mines were also damaged and destroyed. An estimated 1,600 civilians – about 600 Germans and 1,000 enslaved labourers, mainly Soviet – were killed by the flooding. Despite rapid repairs by the Germans, production did not return to normal until September. The RAF lost 56 aircrew, with 53 dead and three captured, amid losses of eight aircraft.
Flyglobespan
Flyglobespan was a Scottish low-cost airline based in Edinburgh. It operated scheduled services from five airports across Scotland, England and Ireland to destinations in Europe, North America, North Africa and South Africa.  Its main bases were Glasgow Airport, Edinburgh Airport, Aberdeen Airport and Liverpool John Lennon Airport. The airline's slogan was "Award-winning airline". It went into administration due to financial problems and the airline declared bankruptcy on 16 December 2009.

Because of the administration, Flyglobespan cancelled all of its scheduled flights. On 14 December 2010, the business was declared to be in liquidation.

Liverpool John Lennon Airport
Liverpool John Lennon Airport (IATA: LPL, ICAO: EGGP) is an international airport serving Liverpool, England, on the estuary of the River Mersey 6.5 nautical miles (12.0 km; 7.5 mi) south-east of Liverpool city centre. Scheduled domestic, European, North African and Middle Eastern services are operated from the airport. The airport comprises a single passenger terminal, three general use hangars, a FedEx Express courier service centre as well as a single runway measuring 7,500 ft (2,286 m) in length, with the control tower south of the runway.

Originally called Speke Airport, it was operated by the Royal Air Force as RAF Speke in World War II. Between 1997 and 2007, annual passenger numbers increased from 689,468 to 5.47 million. It was renamed after Liverpudlian musician John Lennon of the Beatles in 2001. The airport handled 4.19 million passengers in 2023, making it the  12th-busiest airport in the UK.
Greta Crafoord
Greta Crafoord (born 28 December 2000) is a Swedish pair skater. With her twin brother and former skating partner, John Crafoord, she is a three-time Swedish national champion (2023–25), two-time Swedish junior national champion, and placed fifteenth at the 2020 World Junior Championships.

John Crafoord
John Crafoord (born 28 December 2000) is a retired Swedish pair skater. With his twin sister and skating partner, Greta Crafoord, he is a three-time Swedish national champion (2023–25), two-time Swedish junior national champion, and placed fifteenth at the 2020 World Junior Championships.
Marjorie Lajoie
Marjorie Lajoie (born November 6, 2000) is a Canadian ice dancer. With her partner Zachary Lagha, she is a two-time Four Continents bronze medallist (2023, 2025), a seven-time Grand Prix medallist, 2022 Nepela Memorial champion, 2022 Budapest Trophy champion, and a five-time Canadian national medallist. Lajoie and Lagha represented Canada at the 2022 and 2026 Winter Olympics.

Lajoie and Lagha began their careers with a string of domestic titles in the youth ranks, including gold medals at the 2015 Canadian Novice Championships and 2015 Canada Winter Games, before making their international junior debut. They won four medals on the ISU Junior Grand Prix, three national junior titles, and became the second Canadian dance team to win the World Junior Championships in 2019. They represented Canada at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics, finishing fourth in the dance event and winning a bronze medal in the team event.

Paul Poirier
Paul Poirier (French pronunciation: [pɔl pwa.ʁje]; born November 6, 1991) is a Canadian ice dancer. Competing with Piper Gilles, he is the 2026 Winter Olympics bronze medalist, a four-time World medallist, a two-time Four Continents champion (2024–25), and the 2022–23 Grand Prix Final champion, an eight-time ISU Grand Prix gold medallist, and five-time Canadian national champion (2020, 2022, 2024–26). Gilles and Poirier competed for Canada at the 2018, 2022, and 2026 Winter Olympics.

With earlier partner Vanessa Crone, he is the 2010 Grand Prix Final bronze medallist, 2011 Four Continents bronze medallist, 2008 World Junior silver medallist, and 2011 Canadian national champion.  Crone and Poirier competed for Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics.
Milton Island
Milton Island or Green Inch  was an island in the Clyde's estuarine waters close to the old ford across the river at Dumbuck near Dumbarton. The island was once part of the tidal ford supposedly built by the Romans. Industrial activity has changed the river currents and the island has become substantially reduced in size and split into islets.

Bodinbo Island
Bodinbo Island is an islet in the estuarine waters of the River Clyde close to the old ferry slipway at Erskine. Before the dyke or training wall was built the rocky Bodinbo Island was a prominent feature in the river hereabouts and a hazard to shipping, especially sailing craft in the dark, during foggy weather, flood conditions and in high winds. On Ordnance Survey maps the name has been transliterated to Bottombow Island and Boden Boo is the spelling variant used for the nearby woodland plantation.
George Schaller
George Beals Schaller (born May 26, 1933) is an American mammalogist, biologist, conservationist and author. Schaller is recognized by many as the world's preeminent field biologist, studying wildlife throughout Africa, Asia and South America. Born in Berlin, Schaller grew up in Germany, but moved to Missouri as a teen. He is vice president of Panthera Corporation and serves as chairman of their Cat Advisory Council. Schaller is also a senior conservationist at the Bronx Zoo-based Wildlife Conservation Society.

Wildlife Conservation Society
The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) is a global 501(c)(3) non-governmental organization, headquartered at the Bronx Zoo in New York City, with a mission to save "wildlife and wild places across the globe". Founded in 1895 as the New York Zoölogical Society (NYZS), the global conservation organization is, as of July 1, 2025, led by President and CEO Adam Falk. WCS manages four New York City wildlife parks in addition to the Bronx Zoo: the Central Park Zoo, New York Aquarium, Prospect Park Zoo, and Queens Zoo. Together, these parks receive 4 million visitors per year. All these facilities are accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). WCS has a global program doing conservation work on the ground in more than 50 countries.
University of Massachusetts Transportation Services
University of Massachusetts Transportation Services, abbreviated to UMass Transit Services or UMass Transit, is a department within the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) that is contracted by the Pioneer Valley Transit Authority (PVTA) to operate fixed-route transit services on the UMass Amherst campus and surrounding area, including some services to other members of the Five Colleges Consortium in eastern Hampshire County. Similar to other large campus transportation systems, such as UGA Campus Transit in Georgia and Unitrans in California, PVTA fixed-route buses operated by UMass Transit Services are driven by students attending UMass Amherst. In 2024, PVTA fixed-routes operated by UMass Transit had a ridership of 2,280,500, or about 20,600 per weekday as of the second quarter of 2025.

Five College Consortium
The Five College Consortium (often referred to as simply the Five Colleges) comprises four liberal arts colleges  and one university in the Connecticut River Pioneer Valley of Western Massachusetts: Amherst College, Hampshire College, Mount Holyoke College, Smith College, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst, totaling approximately 38,000 students. They are geographically close to one another and are linked by frequent bus service that operates between the campuses during the school year. The service is free for the students of the colleges.

The consortium was formally established in 1965, but its roots lay in cooperative efforts between the oldest four members of the consortium dating back to 1914.
Giuseppe Biagi (explorer)
Giuseppe Biagi (2 February 1897 in Medicina – 1 November 1965 in Rome) was an Italian soldier, explorer and radio operator. He was one of the survivors of the deadly crash of the airship Italia in May 1928 during Umberto Nobile's expedition to the North Pole.

Italia (airship)
The Italia was a semi-rigid airship belonging to the Italian Air Force and designed by Italian engineer and General Umberto Nobile who commanded the dirigible in his second series of flights around the North Pole. Returning from the pole in May 1928, the Italia crashed with one confirmed death, another death from exposure while awaiting rescue, and six missing crew members who were trapped in the envelope, which was blown away. At the end of the rescue operations there were a total of seventeen dead (crew and rescuers) and eight survivors, including General Nobile.
Tim Wiedemeyer
Tim Wiedemeyer (born 14 January 2005) is a German amateur golfer. In 2021, he won the European Young Masters, Jacques Léglise Trophy and the European Boys' Team Championship. In 2022, he won the Jacques Léglise Trophy, the European Boys' Team Championship and the German Boys & Girls Open with a score of -20. In 2023, he won the Jacques Léglise Trophy and he defended his title at the German Boys & Girls Open. In 2024, he won the St. Andrews Trophy and The Spring Indy at WinStar.

St Andrews Trophy
The St Andrews Trophy is a biennial men's team golf tournament contested between teams of amateur golfers representing Great Britain & Ireland and the Continent of Europe. It takes its name from St Andrews in Scotland.

It was first played in 1956 and takes place in even-numbered years; Great Britain & Ireland plays in the United States in the Walker Cup in odd-numbered years. In 2025 the St Andrews Trophy will move to odd-numbered years and the Walker Cup will be played from even-numbered years from 2026. The St Andrews Trophy is staged alternately in Great Britain & Ireland and on the Continent, and is organised by The R&A (an offshoot of The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews) and the European Golf Association. The St Andrews Trophy itself was presented by the Royal and Ancient Club in 1963.

The event is played on two consecutive days. On both days there are four morning foursomes followed by afternoon singles, eight on the first day and nine on the second.
Calle Marqués de Riestra
The Marquis of Riestra street is a central street in the Spanish city of Pontevedra, in the first expansion zone of the city in the 19th century, running longitudinally parallel to the Palm Trees Park on its eastern side. It is one of the main streets in Pontevedra city centre.

Ensanche de Pontevedra
The Ensanche of Pontevedra is the neighbourhood that forms the centre of the Spanish city of Pontevedra, made up of several successive extensions to the city outside the old town. The term Ensanche means " widening " in Spanish and refers to the expanding areas of Spanish cities towards the end of the 19th century, when the demographic explosion and the industrial revolution led to the demolition of the old city walls and the construction of new areas outside the old fortified walls.
Alexandra Hamilton, Duchess of Abercorn
Alexandra Anastasia Hamilton, Duchess of Abercorn, OBE OStJ (née Phillips; 27 February 1946 – 10 December 2018), usually known by family and friends as Sacha Abercorn, was a British peeress and philanthropist. She was the wife of the 5th Duke of Abercorn, and a descendant of the Russian national poet Alexander Pushkin, in whose honour she founded the Pushkin Trust and the Pushkin prizes.

James Hamilton, 5th Duke of Abercorn
James Hamilton, 5th Duke of Abercorn (born 4 July 1934), styled Viscount Strabane until 1953 and Marquess of Hamilton between 1953 and 1979, is a British peer, courtier and politician.

Hamilton became the 5th Duke of Abercorn in the Peerage of Ireland on the death of his father, the 4th Duke, in 1979.  He was an Ulster Unionist politician and served as Member of Parliament for Fermanagh and South Tyrone. He later served as Lord Steward of the Household to Elizabeth II. He was Chancellor of the Order of the Garter from 2012 until his retirement in 2024.
Huizhou Chinese
Huizhou (Chinese: 徽州话), or the Hui dialect (Chinese: 徽语), is a group of Sinitic languages spoken in and around the historical region of Huizhou (for which it is named), in about ten or so mountainous counties in southern Anhui, plus a few more in neighbouring Zhejiang and Jiangxi.

Although the Hui area is small compared with other Chinese dialect groups, it displays a very high degree of internal variation, and the lect is also situated near many mutually unintelligible varieties, making its classification difficult. It has been previously grouped with Huai, Wu, and Gan, and some even believe that it does not even constitute a singular language family.

Lower Yangtze Mandarin
Lower Yangtze Mandarin (traditional Chinese: 下江官話; simplified Chinese: 下江官话; pinyin: Xiàjiāng Guānhuà) is one of the most divergent and least mutually-intelligible of the Mandarin language varieties, as it neighbours the Wu, Hui, and Gan groups of Sinitic languages.  It is also known as Jiang–Huai Mandarin (traditional Chinese: 江淮官話; simplified Chinese: 江淮官话; pinyin: Jiānghuái Guānhuà), named after the Yangtze (Jiang) and Huai Rivers.  Lower Yangtze is distinguished from most other Mandarin varieties by the retention of a final glottal stop in words that ended in a stop consonant in Middle Chinese.

During the Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty, the lingua franca of administration was based on Lower Yangtze Mandarin. In the 19th century the base shifted to the Beijing dialect.
French submarine Gymnote (Q1)
Gymnote was one of the world's first all-electric submarines and the first functional submarine equipped with torpedoes.

Launched on 24 September 1888, she was developed in France following early experiments by Henri Dupuy de Lôme, and, after his death in 1885, by Gustave Zédé (1825–1891) and Arthur Krebs, who completed the project. For Gymnote, Arthur Krebs developed the electric engine, the first naval periscope and the first naval electric gyrocompass. The name "Gymnote" refers to the Gymnotids, the "electric eels".

The submarine was built with a steel single hull, a detachable lead keel, and three hydroplanes on each side. She made over 2,000 dives, using 204 cell batteries. She was armed with two 355 mm (14 in) torpedoes.

Gymnote was partly inspired by the earlier development of the submarine Plongeur, the world's first mechanically powered submarine.

Periscope
A periscope is an device for observation over, around or through an object, obstacle or condition that prevents direct line-of-sight observation from an observer's current position.

In its simplest form, it consists of an outer case with mirrors at each end set parallel to each other at a 45° angle. This form of periscopic device, with the addition of two simple lenses, served for observation purposes in the trenches during World War I. Military personnel also use periscopes in some gun turrets and in armoured vehicles.

More complex periscopes using prisms or advanced fiber optics instead of mirrors and providing magnification operate on submarines and in various fields of science. The overall design of the classical submarine periscope is very simple: two telescopes pointed into each other. If the two telescopes have different individual magnification, the difference between them causes an overall magnification or reduction.
Duesenberg Model J
The Duesenberg Model J is a luxury automobile made by Duesenberg exclusively in 1928 and offered for ten subsequent years. Intended to compete with the most luxurious and powerful cars in the world, it was introduced in 1928, the year before the stock market crash that led to the Great Depression. Duesenberg Motors Company went bankrupt in 1937.

Duesenberg
Duesenberg Automobile & Motors Company, Inc. was an American racing and luxury automobile manufacturer founded in Indianapolis, Indiana, by brothers Fred and August Duesenberg in 1920. The company is known for popularizing the straight-eight engine and four-wheel hydraulic brakes. A Duesenberg car was the first American car to win a Grand Prix race, winning the 1921 French Grand Prix. Duesenbergs won the Indianapolis 500 in 1922 (when eight of the top ten finishers were Duesenbergs), 1924, 1925 and 1927. Transportation executive Errett Lobban Cord acquired the Duesenberg corporation in 1926. The company was sold and dissolved in 1937. It was the only automotive company to go bankrupt in the Great Depression and not be rescued by the US government, largely a political move due to New Deal policies avoiding the imagery of helping the richest, despite Duesenberg being the largest employer in Indianapolis at the time.
Purim humor
Purim humor, Purim jokes, and Purim pranks are  elements of joyful celebration of the holiday of Purim. Notable expressions of Purim humor of long tradition are Purim Torah read by Purim Rabbi and Purim spiel.

Purim Torah
Purim Torah is  humorous and satirical comments that constitute a parody of the learned style of talmudic or halakhic comments customarily read, recited from memory or authored on or for the Jewish holiday of Purim. Purim Torah can be simple or elaborate.
Mid-Cheshire line
The Mid-Cheshire line is a railway line in the north-west of England that runs from Chester to Edgeley Junction in Stockport; it connects Chester with Manchester Piccadilly, via Knutsford. After Chester Northgate closed in 1969, the section between Mickle Trafford Junction and Chester was used for freight trains only until it closed in 1992; from Mickle Trafford, passenger trains use the Chester–Warrington line to Chester General instead. The route taken by passenger trains has changed over the years and now differs considerably from the original. Between 2001 and 2014, passenger journeys on the line increased to over 1.7 million per year. A near doubling of the passenger service was expected to occur from December 2018, however this did not materialise.

Chester railway station
Chester railway station serves the city of Chester, in Cheshire, England; it is sited in the Newtown area. It was designed by the architect Francis Thompson and opened as a joint station in 1848. From 1875 to 1969, the station was known as Chester General to distinguish it from Chester Northgate. The station is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a Grade II* listed building.
Cardinal vowels
Cardinal vowels are a set of reference vowels used by phoneticians in describing the sounds of languages. They are classified depending on the position of the tongue relative to the roof of the mouth, how far forward or back is the highest point of the tongue, and the position of the lips (rounded or unrounded).

A cardinal vowel is a vowel sound produced when the tongue is in an extreme position, either front or back, high or low. The current system was formulated by Daniel Jones in the early 20th century, though the idea goes back to earlier phoneticians, notably Ellis and Bell.

Daniel Jones (phonetician)
Daniel Jones (12 September 1881 – 4 December 1967) was a British phonetician who studied under Paul Passy, professor of phonetics at the École des Hautes Études at the Sorbonne (University of Paris). He was head of the Department of Phonetics at University College London.
Waitaki (electorate)
Waitaki is an electorate for the New Zealand House of Representatives that crosses the boundary of North Otago and South Canterbury towns on the East Coast of the South Island.  The electorate was first established for the 1871 election that determined the 5th New Zealand Parliament.  It has been abolished and re-established several times and in its early years was a two-member electorate for two parliamentary terms.  The current electorate has existed since the 2008 election and is held by Miles Anderson of the National Party.

1871 New Zealand general election
The 1871 New Zealand general election was held between 14 January and 23 February to elect 78 MPs across 72 electorates to the fifth session of the New Zealand Parliament. 41,527 electors were registered.