hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Simon Kunen
James Simon Kunen (born 1948) is an American author, journalist and lawyer. He is best known as the author of The Strawberry Statement, a first-person documentary of the Columbia University protests of 1968.

The Strawberry Statement
The Strawberry Statement is a non-fiction book by James Simon Kunen, written when he was 19, which chronicled his experiences at Columbia University from 1966–1968, particularly the April 1968 protests and takeover of the office of the dean of Columbia by student protesters.
Simi Valley (valley)
Simi Valley (Chumash: Shimiyi) is a synclinal valley in Southern California in the United States. It is an enclosed or hidden valley surrounded by mountains and hills. It is connected to the San Fernando Valley to the east by the Santa Susana Pass, with the Coast Railway Line and the 118 (Ronald Reagan) freeway providing the infrastructure to do so, with the same infrastructure doing so in the west narrows of the Arroyo Simi to Moorpark. The relatively flat bottom of the valley contains soils formed from shales, sandstones, and conglomerates eroded from the surrounding hills of the Santa Susana Mountains to the north, which  separate Simi Valley from the Santa Clara River Valley, and the Simi Hills.

Santa Susana Mountains
The Santa Susana Mountains are a transverse range of mountains in Southern California, United States, north of the city of Los Angeles. The range runs east-west, separating the San Fernando and Simi valleys on its south from the Santa Clara River Valley to the north and the Santa Clarita Valley to the northeast. The Oxnard Plain is to the west of the Santa Susana Mountains.
Clayton, West Sussex
Clayton is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Hassocks, in the Mid Sussex district, in the county of West Sussex, England. It lies at the foot of the South Downs, 41 miles (66 km) south of London, 6 miles (10 km) north of Brighton, and 28 miles (45 km) east northeast of the county town of Chichester. Other nearby towns include Burgess Hill to the north and Lewes, the county town of East Sussex east southeast. The Clayton Windmills, known as "Jack and Jill", sit on the hill above the village. In 1961 the parish had a population of 1548. On 1 April 2000 the parish was abolished and merged with Hassocks, Burgess Hill and Pyecombe.

The village gives its name to the nearby Clayton railway tunnel on the Brighton Main Line, although the tunnel itself is actually situated in the neighbouring parish of Pyecombe.

Clayton Windmills
The Clayton Windmills, known locally as Jack and Jill, stand on the South Downs above the village of Clayton, West Sussex, England. They comprise a post mill and a tower mill, and the roundhouse of a former post mill. All three are Grade II* listed buildings.
Secret Weapon (album)
Secret Weapon is the eighth studio album by American punk rock band MxPx, released on July 16, 2007 and is considered a "back to roots" album for the group.

Secret Weapon is available in three different versions:

The standard version with 16 tracks

A double 12-inch vinyl version with special artwork

A special edition with a "Making of..." DVD, new artwork, and three extra tracks

MxPx
MxPx (/ˌɛmɛksˈpiːɛks/) is an American punk rock band from Bremerton, Washington, formed in 1992 as Magnified Plaid. The lineup currently consists of Mike Herrera (bass guitar, lead vocals), Yuri Ruley (drums, percussion), Tom Wisniewski (lead guitar, backing vocals), and Chris Adkins (rhythm guitar, backing vocals). The band's discography includes twelve studio albums, four EPs, four compilation albums, a live album, a VHS tape, a DVD and 20 singles. A number of the group's releases have charted on Billboard, including the Billboard 200 and No. 1 on Billboard Christian Albums.
Huntley (plantation)
Huntley, also known as Historic Huntley or Huntley Hall is an early 19th-century Federal-style villa and farm in the Hybla Valley area of Fairfax County, Virginia. The house sits on a hill overlooking Huntley Meadows Park to the south. The estate is best known as the country residence of Thomson Francis Mason (1785–21 December 1838), grandson of George Mason of nearby Gunston Hall. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), the Virginia Landmarks Register (VLR), and the Fairfax County Inventory of Historic Sites.

Okeley Manor
Okeley Manor was an early 19th-century plantation in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States.  Okeley, the residence of prominent Alexandria physician Richard Chichester Mason (1793–1869), was one of the principal Mason family estates in Northern Virginia.  Mason's plantation house was used as a hospital during the American Civil War and burned to prevent the spread of smallpox.
Jules Lachelier
Jules Esprit Nicolas Lachelier (French: [laʃəlje]; 27 May 1832 – 26 January 1918) was a French philosopher, most known for his contributions to French spiritualism and his influence on modern French philosophy. He developed a system of rational idealism and was a key figure in the neo-spiritualist movement in French philosophy.

His work focused on the relationship between thought and reality, and he attempted to provide a basis for induction in a philosophy of nature. Lachelier's ideas had a significant impact on other philosophers, including Émile Boutroux, Victor Brochard, and Henri Bergson.

Spiritualism (philosophy)
In philosophy, spiritualism is the concept, shared by a wide variety of systems of thought, that there is an immaterial reality that cannot be perceived by the senses. This includes philosophies that postulate a personal God, the immortality of the soul, or the immortality of the intellect or will, as well as any systems of thought that assume a universal mind or cosmic forces lying beyond the reach of purely materialistic interpretations.

Generally, any philosophical position, be it dualism, monism, atheism, theism, pantheism, idealism or any other, is compatible with spiritualism as long as it allows for a reality beyond matter. Theism is an example of a dualist spiritualist philosophy, while pantheism is an example of monist spiritualism.
Antoni Lange
Antoni Lange (28 April 1862 – 17 March 1929) was a Polish poet, philosopher, polyglot (15 languages), writer, novelist, science-writer, reporter and translator. A representative of Polish Parnassianism and symbolism, he is also regarded as belonging to the Decadent movement. He was an expert on Romanticism, French literature and a popularizer of Eastern cultures.
His most popular novel is Miranda.

He translated English, French, Hungarian, Italian, Spanish, Indian, American, Serbian, Egyptian and Oriental writers into Polish and Polish poets into French and English. He was also one of the most original poets of the Young Poland movement. His work is often compared to Stéphane Mallarmé and Charles Marie René Leconte de Lisle.

Lange was an uncle of the poet Bolesław Leśmian.

Young Poland
Young Poland (Polish: Młoda Polska [ˈmwɔ.da ˈpɔl.ska] ⓘ) was a modernist period in Polish visual arts, literature and music, covering roughly the years between 1890 and 1918. It was a result of strong aesthetic opposition to the earlier ideas of Positivism. Young Poland promoted trends of decadence, neo-romanticism, symbolism, Impressionism.

Many of the exhibitions were held at the Palace of Art, also known as "Secession" (Secesja), the headquarters of the Kraków Society of Friends of Fine Arts, in Kraków Old Town.
The Toshiko–Mariano Quartet
The jazz album The Toshiko–Mariano Quartet featuring pianist Toshiko Akiyoshi (identified on the back cover as Toshiko Akiyoshi Mariano) and saxophonist Charlie Mariano was recorded in 1960 and released on the Candid label. This Candid recording is not to be confused with the similarly titled Toshiko–Mariano Quartet (1963), a recording of mostly Leonard Bernstein songs from the musical West Side Story, released on the Takt (Nippon Columbia) label.

Charlie Mariano
Carmine Ugo Mariano (November 12, 1923 – June 16, 2009) was an American jazz saxophonist who focused on the alto and soprano saxophone. He occasionally performed and recorded on flute and nadaswaram as well.
Kimberly Belflower
Kimberly Belflower is an American playwright (born on June 22, 1987). She is best known for writing the Broadway play John Proctor is the Villain, for which she was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Play at the 2025 Tony Awards.

In 2025, it was announced that Belflower's play, John Proctor Is the Villain, would be adapted into a film.

John Proctor Is the Villain
John Proctor Is the Villain is a stage play written by American playwright Kimberly Belflower. It is a revisionist take on the classic American play The Crucible by Arthur Miller, centering on a group of modern-day high school students and their interpretation of the historical events the play is based on.
Yuan Tianmu
Yuan Tianmu (489–1 November 530), courtesy name Tianmu, was a military general of the Northern Wei during the Northern and Southern dynasties period. A distant member of the ruling Yuan clan, he quickly rose to prominence through his partnership with the commander, Erzhu Rong. He participated in the suppression of Ge Rong and Xing Gao, and played a role in the defence against Chen Qingzhi's northern expedition. Erzhu trusted him even more than his own relatives, but in 530, the two were lured into an ambush in Luoyang and killed by Emperor Xiaozhuang of Northern Wei.

Chen Qingzhi
Chen Qingzhi (simplified Chinese: 陈庆之; traditional Chinese: 陳慶之; pinyin: Chēn Qìngzhī; 484–c.November 539), courtesy name Ziyun (simplified Chinese: 子云; traditional Chinese: 子雲; pinyin: Zīyūn), was a prominent general of the Liang dynasty. He is best known for his campaign in 528 to 529 to crush Northern Wei. With an alleged force of only 7,000 soldiers, he invaded Northern Wei and conquered the regions of modern Henan and Shandong. However, he lost them again after being counterattacked by a Wei force ten times larger. Despite this, his success in conquering Northern China, albeit briefly, with (allegedly) only 7,000 soldiers made him a famous commander in Chinese history.
Stephanie Tyler
Stephanie Joy Tyler MBE, also known as Steph Tyler, is a British ornithologist, zoologist, naturalist, conservationist, and author from Monmouthshire. She is particularly known for her work on Dippers and the preservation of river habitats.

Dipper
Dippers are members of the genus Cinclus in the bird family Cinclidae, so-called because of their bobbing or dipping movements.  They are unique among passerines for their ability to dive and swim underwater.
Atelidae
The Atelidae are one of the five families of New World monkeys now recognised.  It was formerly included in the family Cebidae. Atelids are generally larger monkeys; the family includes the howler, spider, woolly, and woolly spider monkeys (the latter being the largest of the New World monkeys). They are found throughout the forested regions of Central and South America, from Mexico to northern Argentina.

Woolly monkey
The woolly monkeys are the genus Lagothrix of New World monkeys, usually placed in the family Atelidae.

Both species in this genus originate from the rainforests of South America.  They have prehensile tails and live in relatively large social groups.
Battle of Dibrivka
The Battle of Dibrivka was a military conflict between Ukrainian insurgents, led by Nestor Makhno and Fedir Shchus, and the Central Powers that were occupying southern Ukraine. It took place on 30 September 1918, towards the end of World War I. The battle began when Makhno, Shchus, and a group of anarchist supporters ambushed Austrian and Ukrainian detachments stationed in Dibrivka. The anarchists were armed with machine guns and were assisted by local peasants, who together captured ammunition, arms, and prisoners of war. It resulted in an insurgent victory and the establishment of an autonomous territory in the region, following the subsequent defeat of the Central Powers.

Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine
The Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Революційна Повстанська Армія України, РПАУ, romanized: Revoliutsiina Povstanska Armiia Ukrainy, RPAU; abbr.  RIAU), also known as Makhnovtsi (Ukrainian: Махновці), named after their founder Nestor Makhno, was an anarchist army formed largely of Ukrainian peasants and workers during the Russian Civil War. They protected the operation of "free soviets" and libertarian communes by the Makhnovshchina, an attempt to form a stateless anarcho-communist society from 1918 to 1921 during the Ukrainian War of Independence.
Hans Henrik Palm
Hans Henrik Palm (born 19 July 1956) is a Danish retired boxer, who became European welterweight champion in 1982. Before turning professional he represented Denmark at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada where he dropped a decision to world champion Vassily Solomin of the USSR.

Vassily Solomin
Vassily Anatolyevich Solomin (Russian: Василий Анатольевич Соломин; 5 January 1953, in Perm – 28 December 1997, in Perm) was a boxer who represented the Soviet Union at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. There, he won a bronze medal in the lightweight division (– 60 kg), after being beaten in the semifinals by Romania's eventual silver medalist Simion Cuţov.

Solomin began training under Yuri Podshivalov in 1969 at Trudovye Rezervy in Perm. He won the world title at the inaugural 1974 World Amateur Boxing Championships in Havana, Cuba. From 1975 he represented the Armed Forces sports society.  He was coached by Viktor Ageev.
Oasis (O.C. and A.G. album)
Oasis is the collaborative studio album by American rappers and Diggin' in the Crates Crew members O.C. and A.G. It was released on November 24, 2009, through D.I.T.C. Records/Nature Sounds, after several pushbacks dating as far back as the spring of 2008. The album was first premiered in its entirety on the duo's Myspace page a week before the official release.

Recording sessions took place at Soul Estates in The Bronx, at Unique Studios in Norfolk, and In Ya Ear Studios in Long Island City. Production was handled by Born Lords (E-Blaze and Showbiz), Lord Finesse, Davel "Bo" McKenzie, KC and Statik Selektah, with D.I.T.C. and Devin Horwitz serving as executive producers. It features contributions from a female singer named Mirror Image, who sings the choruses on songs "Get Away" and "Pain", and DJ Premier's cuts on the song "Two For The Money".

Showbiz and A.G.
Showbiz and A.G. (also shortened as Show and AG) is an American hip hop duo from The Bronx borough of New York City, composed of record producer Rodney "Showbiz" Lemay (born July 7, 1969) and rapper Andre "A.G." Barnes (born September 26, 1970). The duo formed soon after their debut on the song "Back to Back Rhyming" from Lord Finesse's Funky Technician album and joined the hip hop collective D.I.T.C. along with Lord Finesse, Diamond D, Fat Joe, O.C., Buckwild and Big L.
J. I. Packer
James Innell Packer (22 July 1926 – 17 July 2020) was an English-born Canadian evangelical theologian, cleric and writer in the low-church Anglican and Calvinist traditions. Having been considered as one of the most influential evangelicals in North America, Packer is known for his 1973 best-selling book Knowing God, along with his work as the general editor of the English Standard Version Bible. He was one of the high-profile signers on the 1978 Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy, a member on the advisory board of the Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood, and also was involved in the ecumenical book Evangelicals and Catholics Together in 1994. His last teaching position was as the board of governors' Professor of Theology at Regent College in Vancouver, British Columbia, in which he served from 1996 until his retirement in 2016 due to failing eyesight.

Evangelicals and Catholics Together
"Evangelicals and Catholics Together" is a 1994 ecumenical document signed by leading Evangelical and Catholic scholars in the United States. The co-signers of the document were Charles Colson and Richard John Neuhaus, representing each side of the discussions. It was part of a larger ecumenical rapprochement in the United States that had begun in the 1970s with Catholic-Evangelical collaboration and in later para-church organizations such as Moral Majority founded by Jerry Falwell at the urging of Francis Schaeffer and his son Frank Schaeffer.

The statement is written as a testimony that spells out the need for Protestants and Catholics to deliver a common witness to the modern world at the eve of the third millennium. It draws heavily from the theology of the New Testament and the Trinitarian doctrine of the Nicene Creed. It seeks to encourage what is known as spiritual ecumenism and day-to-day ecumenism.
Georgia State Route 5
State Route 5 (SR 5) is a 155.325-mile-long (249.971 km) state highway that travels south-to-north through portions of Carroll, Douglas, Cobb, Cherokee, Pickens, Gilmer, and Fannin counties in the western and northern parts of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway travels from its southern terminus at SR 48 at the Alabama state line, north-northwest of Ephesus, to its northern terminus at SR 60 and SR 68 at the Tennessee state line on the McCaysville–Copperhill line, bisecting the northwestern portion of the state.

Carroll County, Georgia
Carroll County is a county in the West Central region of the State of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, its population was 119,148. Its county seat is the city of Carrollton. Carroll County is included in the Atlanta–Sandy Springs–Roswell metropolitan statistical area and is also adjacent to Alabama on its western border.
Coach (TV series)
Coach is an American television sitcom that originally ran for nine seasons on ABC from February 28, 1989, to May 14, 1997, with a total of 200 half-hour episodes. The series, created by Barry Kemp, stars Craig T. Nelson as Hayden Fox, head coach of the fictional NCAA Division I-A Minnesota State University Screaming Eagles football team. For the last two seasons, Coach Fox and the supporting characters coached the Orlando Breakers, a fictional National Football League expansion team. The program also starred Jerry Van Dyke as Luther Van Dam and Bill Fagerbakke as Michael "Dauber" Dybinski, assistant coaches under Fox. The role of Hayden's girlfriend (and later wife) Christine Armstrong, a television news anchor, was played by Shelley Fabares.

Craig T. Nelson
Craig Theodore Nelson (born April 4, 1944) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Hayden Fox in the ABC sitcom Coach (for which he won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series), Deputy Warden Ward Wilson in Stir Crazy (1980), Steve Freeling in Poltergeist (1982), Burt Nickerson in All the Right Moves (1983), Peter Dellaplane in Action Jackson (1988), Chief Howard Hyde in Turner & Hooch (1989), Alex Cullen in The Devil's Advocate (1997), Chief Jack Mannion in the CBS drama The District (2000–2004), Coach Goddard in Blades of Glory (2007), The Warden in the NBC sitcom My Name Is Earl (2007), and the voice of Mr. Incredible in the 2004 film The Incredibles and its 2018 sequel.

He also starred as Zeek Braverman in the NBC drama series Parenthood (2010–2015) and recurred as Dale Ballard in the CBS sitcoms Young Sheldon (2019–2024) and its spin-off Georgie & Mandy's First Marriage (2024–present).
Castle Hill, Winchester
Castle Hill is a series of buildings used as council offices in Winchester, Hampshire, England. There are two main structures both of which are Grade II listed buildings: the Castle Hill Offices on the east of Castle Avenue and the Castle Avenue Offices on the west of Castle Avenue. They take their name from Winchester Castle, which is located at the south end of Castle Avenue.

Winchester Castle
Winchester Castle was a royal residence in Winchester, Hampshire, England, founded in 1067 by William the Conqueror. It served as a seat of royal power in the medieval period. Much of the castle has since been lost, but two notable structures survive: the Great Hall, regarded as one of the finest surviving medieval halls in England and now housing a museum of Winchester's history, and the Westgate, which once served as the castle's principal defensive gateway.

The Great Hall contains the so-called Round Table, a large wooden tabletop traditionally associated with the Arthurian legend in later popular tradition. The Westgate, preserved as a fortified gateway, provides evidence of the castle's defensive role and continued adaptation over the centuries.
B. V. Doshi
Balkrishna Vithaldas Doshi (26 August 1927 – 24 January 2023) was an Indian architect. He is an important figure in Indian architecture and noted for his contributions to the evolution of architectural discourse in India. Having worked under Le Corbusier and Louis Kahn, he was a pioneer of modernist and brutalist architecture in India.

His noteworthy designs include FLAME University, IIM Bangalore, IIM Udaipur, NIFT Delhi, Amdavad ni Gufa, CEPT University, and the Aranya Low Cost Housing development in Indore for which was awarded the Aga Khan Award for Architecture. Nalanda International University that was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi was designed by him.

In 2018, he became the first Indian architect to receive the Pritzker Architecture Prize. He was also awarded the Padma Shri, the Padma Bhushan, the Padma Vibhushan, and the Royal Institute of British Architects' Royal Gold Medal for 2022.

Aga Khan Award for Architecture
The Aga Khan Award for Architecture (AKAA) is an architectural prize established by Aga Khan IV in 1977. It aims to identify and reward architectural concepts that successfully address the needs and aspirations of Muslim societies in the fields of contemporary design, social housing, community development and improvement, restoration, reuse and area conservation, as well as landscape design and improvement of the environment.

The award is associated with the Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC), an agency of the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN).
Battle of Dujaila
The Battle of Dujaila (Turkish: Sâbis Muharebesi) was fought on 8 March 1916, between British and Ottoman forces during the First World War. The Ottoman forces, led by Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz were besieging Kut, when the Anglo-Indian relief force, led by Lieutenant-General Fenton Aylmer, attempted to relieve the city. The attempt failed, and Aylmer lost 3,500 men.

Siege of Kut
The siege of Kut Al Amara (7 December 1915 – 29 April 1916), also known as the first battle of Kut, was the besieging of an 8,000-strong British Indian Army garrison in the town of Kut, 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad, by the Ottoman Army. In 1915, its population was around 6,500. Following the surrender of the garrison on 29 April 1916, the survivors of the siege were marched to imprisonment at Aleppo, during which many died. Historian Christopher Catherwood has called the siege "the worst defeat of the Allies in World War I". Ten months later, the British Indian Army, consisting almost entirely of newly recruited troops from Western India, conquered Kut, Baghdad and other regions in between in the fall of Baghdad.
Alderson v. Commissioner
Alderson v. Commissioner, 317 F.2d 790 (9th Cir. 1963) was a tax law case in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed the ruling of the United States Tax Court that an exchange of properties does not constitute a taxable sale under § 1031(a) of the Internal Revenue Code.

Like-kind exchange
A like-kind exchange under United States tax law, also known as a 1031 exchange, is a transaction or series of transactions that allows for the disposal of an asset and the acquisition of another replacement asset without generating a current tax liability from the sale of the first asset. In current law (post-2017), section 1031 applies only to exchanges of real property held for productive use in a trade or business or for investment. Like-kind exchanges have been characterized as tax breaks or "tax loopholes".