hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Front-wheel drive
Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel-drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel-drive and four-wheel-drive vehicles.

Transverse engine
A transverse engine is an engine mounted in a vehicle so that the engine's crankshaft axis is perpendicular to the direction of travel. Many modern front-wheel drive vehicles use this arrangement. Most rear-wheel drive vehicles use a longitudinal engine, where the engine's crankshaft axis is parallel with the direction of travel. (Some rear-mid engine vehicles use a transverse engine and transaxle mounted in the rear instead of the front). Transverse engines save space in light vehicles, and are used on armoured fighting vehicles for the same reason.
University of Limerick Vikings
The University of Limerick Vikings are an American football team in Limerick, Ireland. The team is affiliated with the University of Limerick, and compete in American Football Ireland (AFI). The team currently competes in AFI's top-level Premier Division.  The Vikings have won three AFI Shamrock Bowl titles – in 2007, 2008 and 2009, as well as winning the EFAF Atlantic Cup in 2010. The Vikings also won their first AFI Division 1 Bowl in 2023, concluding a perfect 10-0 season and securing their promotion to the Premier division.

American Football Ireland
American Football Ireland (AFI) is the national governing body for American football on the island of Ireland, with teams across both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Founded in 1984, it is entirely run by volunteers and played by amateurs. The senior men's full-contact league currently consists of a two-division promotion and relegation system with 8 teams in each division, with the Premier Division playoff champions being awarded the Shamrock Bowl. AFI also organizes developmental youth leagues, co-ed and women's flag football competitions, as well as overseeing the Irish Wolfhounds national team which competes in IFAF competitions.
Mississippi Highway 13
Mississippi Highway 13 (MS 13) is a state highway in Mississippi. It runs from north to south for 160.1 miles (257.7 km), serving the counties of Forrest, Pearl River, Lamar, Marion, Jefferson Davis, Simpson, Rankin, Smith, Scott, and Leake.

Scott County, Mississippi
Scott County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,990. Its county seat is Forest. The county is named for Abram M. Scott, the Governor of Mississippi from 1832 to 1833.

Scott County is part of the Jackson, Mississippi metropolitan area.
Tring School
Tring School is a secondary school with academy status, with approximately 1500 students aged between 11 and 18. It is located on Mortimer Hill on the east side of the town of Tring, Hertfordshire, England. Tring School includes a Sixth Form with over 300 students. The school was founded by the Church of England and is within the Diocesan Board of Education of the St Albans Diocese.

Tring
Tring /trɪŋ/ is a market town and civil parish in the Borough of Dacorum, in Hertfordshire, England. It is situated in a gap passing through the Chiltern Hills, classed as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, 30 miles (50 km) from Central London. Tring is linked to London by the Roman road of Akeman Street, the modern A41 road, the Grand Union Canal and the West Coast Main Line to London Euston. Settlements in Tring date back to prehistoric times and it was mentioned in the Domesday Book; the town received its market charter in 1315. Tring is now largely a commuter town within the London commuter belt.
As of 2021, Tring had a population of 12,427.
Virendra Sharma
Virendra Kumar Sharma (Hindi: वीरेंद्र कुमार शर्मा, Punjabi: ਵਰਿੰਦਰ ਕੁਮਾਰ ਸ਼ਰਮਾ; born 5 April 1947) is a British-Indian Labour Party politician. He served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Ealing Southall from 2007 to 2024.

2007 Ealing Southall by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Ealing Southall was held on 19 July 2007, triggered by the death of incumbent Labour Party member of Parliament (MP) Piara Khabra. It was won by Virendra Sharma, who held the seat for Labour.

It took place on the same day as the 2007 Sedgefield by-electionwhich was initiated by the resignation of recently-departed Prime Minister Tony Blair; they were the first by-elections to be held during the premiership of the new Prime Minister, Gordon Brown.
The Sword March
"The Sword March" is a Chinese patriotic song first sung in the Republic of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War (World War II) after the Japanese invasion of 1937. It is also known in Chinese by its first line, Dàdāo xiàng guǐzi de tóu shàng kǎn qù: "Let our dadaos hack towards the devils' heads!"

Dadao (sword)
The dadao (Chinese: 大刀; pinyin: dàdāo; lit. 'large knife/sabre') was a type of Chinese saber (dao) of the late Qing dynasty which remained in use as a civilian and military sword through the end of World War 2. The term refers to a whole family of swords, which can vary in blade, guard, and grip configurations. Common elements include a grip long enough to accommodate 2 hands, but with a relatively short and wide blade. Ring pommels are very common, but not exclusively used at the end of the grip. Blade profiles often flare towards the foible and may have a clipped tip.
1455 conclave
The 1455 papal conclave (4–8 April) elected Cardinal Alfons de Borja as Pope Callixtus III following the death of Pope Nicholas V. The conclave was the first in the Apostolic Palace, the site of all but five papal conclaves thereafter. The conclave was also the first to feature accessus voting (votes cast in accessit), derived from a practice of the Roman Senate, where a cardinal could change their vote after an unsuccessful scrutiny to any cardinal already receiving votes.

The early defeat of Greek Cardinal Basilios Bessarion—a potential compromise candidate between the Colonna and Orsini factions—is a notable display of the lingering antipathy towards certain characteristics of the Eastern church, such as bearded priests, centuries after the East-West Schism. Although Western canon law had prohibited beards for priests since at least the eleventh century, the issue would continue to be debated well into the sixteenth century.

Bessarion
Bessarion (Greek: Βησσαρίων; 2 January 1403 – 18 November 1472) was a Byzantine Greek Renaissance humanist, theologian, Catholic cardinal and one of the famed Greek scholars who contributed to the revival of letters in the 15th century. He was educated by Gemistus Pletho in Neoplatonic philosophy and later served as the titular Latin Patriarch of Constantinople. He eventually was named a cardinal and was twice considered for the papacy.

His baptismal name was Basil (Greek: Βασίλειος, Basileios or Basilios). He took the name Bessarion upon entering the monastery. He has been mistakenly known also as Johannes Bessarion (Italian: Giovanni Bessarione) due to an erroneous interpretation of Gregory III Mammas.
Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution of Ireland
Article 2 and Article 3 of the Constitution of Ireland (Irish: Bunreacht na hÉireann) were adopted with the Constitution of Ireland as a whole on 29 December 1937, but revised completely by means of the Nineteenth Amendment which became effective 2 December 1999. As amended, they grant the right to be "part of the Irish Nation" to all those people born on the island of Ireland; the articles also express a desire for the peaceful political unification of the island subject to the consent of the people of Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland. Before 1999, Articles 2 and 3 made the claim that the whole island formed one "national territory".

Constitution of Ireland
The Constitution of Ireland (Irish: Bunreacht na hÉireann, pronounced [ˈbˠʊnˠɾˠəxt̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈheːɾʲən̪ˠ]) is the fundamental law of Ireland. It asserts the national sovereignty of the Irish people. It guarantees certain fundamental rights, along with a popularly elected non-executive president, a bicameral parliament, a separation of powers and judicial review.

It is the second constitution of the Irish state since independence, replacing the 1922 Constitution of the Irish Free State. It came into force on 29 December 1937 following a statewide plebiscite held on 1 July 1937. The Constitution may be amended solely by a national referendum. It is the longest continually operating republican constitution within the European Union.
HMCS Penetang
HMCS Penetang was a River-class frigate that served in the Royal Canadian Navy from 1944 to 1945 during the Second World War. She fought in the Battle of the Atlantic as a convoy escort. She was recommissioned and served as a Prestonian-class frigate from 1954 to 1956. She was named for Penetanguishene, Ontario.

Penetang was ordered in June 1942 as part of the 1942 River-class building programme. She was laid down as Rouyn on 22 September 1943 by Davie Shipbuilding & Repairing Co. Ltd. at Lauzon and launched 6 July 1944. Her name was changed and she was commissioned as Penetang into the RCN at Quebec City on 19 October 1944 with the pennant K676.

Davie Shipbuilding
Davie Shipbuilding is a shipbuilding company located in Lauzon, Quebec, Canada. The facility is now operating as Chantier Davie Canada Inc. and is the oldest shipbuilder in North America that retains the name of its founders, and Canada's last remaining big-ship shipbuilder.
Mariam Shengelia
Mariam Shengelia (Georgian: მარიამ შენგელია; born 14 May 2002) is a Georgian singer. She represented Georgia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 with the song "Freedom". She came fifteenth in the semi-final 2 and thirty-third overall.

Shengelia is a member of the Georgian musical group Mix2ura.

Georgia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2025
Georgia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 with the song "Freedom", written by Buka Kartozia and Keti Gabisiani, and performed by Mariam Shengelia. The Georgian participating broadcaster, the Georgian Public Broadcaster (GPB), internally selected its entry for the contest.

Georgia was drawn to compete in the second semi-final, which took place on 15 May 2025. Performing during the show in position 10, Georgia was not announced among the top 10 entries of the second semi-final and therefore did not qualify to compete in the final. It was later revealed that Georgia placed 15th out of the 16 participating countries in the semi-final with 28 points.
Anglican Diocese of Bendigo
The Anglican Diocese of Bendigo is a diocese of the Anglican Church of Australia. It is situated in the Bendigo region of the state of Victoria, Australia. Its geographic remit extends from that part of Victoria that lies north of the Great Dividing Range and west of the Goulburn River to the border with the state of South Australia. The diocesan cathedral is St Paul's Cathedral, Bendigo. The diocese was separated from the Diocese of Melbourne in 1902, with Henry Archdall Langley installed as the first bishop. The current bishop, Matt Brain, was installed on 17 February 2018.

St Paul's Cathedral, Bendigo
St Paul's Cathedral, Bendigo, is an Anglican cathedral church in Bendigo, Victoria, Australia. It is the cathedral church of the Diocese of Bendigo and the seat of the Bishop of Bendigo, presently Matthew Brain.
Portrait of Mrs Mary Graham
Portrait of Mrs Mary Graham or The Honourable Mrs Graham is a 1777 oil on canvas painting by the British artist Thomas Gainsborough, produced shortly after Mary's marriage to Thomas Graham, the future Lord Lynedoch on 26 December 1774. It was one of the first works to enter the collection of the Scottish National Gallery in Edinburgh after its bequest in 1859 by the heirs of Thomas Graham.

Thomas Graham, 1st Baron Lynedoch
General Thomas Graham, 1st Baron Lynedoch, GCB, GCMG (19 October 1748 – 18 December 1843) was a British Army officer and politician. After his education at Oxford, he inherited a substantial estate in Scotland, married and settled down to a quiet career as a landowning gentleman. However, with the death of his wife, when he was aged 42, he immersed himself in a military (and later political) career, during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. The historian James Taylor described Graham as "tall, square-shouldered, and erect, his limbs sinewy and remarkably strong. His complexion was dark, with full eyebrows, firm-set lips, and an open, benevolent air. His manners and address were frank, simple, and polished".
Aukh
Aukh (Chechen: Ӏовх, Ӏавх, 'Ovkh, Ӏовхойн мохк; Russian: Ау́х) is a historical region in the current republic of Dagestan, populated by Chechens. Aukh encompasses parts of the Novolak, Khasavyurtovsky, Babayurtovsky and Kazbekovsky districts. The Chechens of Dagestan call themselves Aukhs (ӏовхой), and speak the Aukh dialect of the Chechen language.

Novolaksky District
Novolaksky District (Russian: Новола́кский райо́н; Lak: Цӏуссалакрал кIану) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Khasavyurtovsky District in the northeast, Kazbekovsky District in the southeast, and with the Chechen Republic in the west. The area of the district is 218.2 square kilometers (84.2 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Novolakskoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 28,556, with the population of Novolakskoye accounting for 20.8% of that number.
Childir Eyalet
The Eyalet of Childir (Ottoman Turkish: ایالت چلدر, romanized: Eyālet-i Çıldır) or Akhalzik was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire in the Southwestern Caucasus. The area of the former Çıldır Eyalet is now divided between Samtskhe-Javakheti and the Autonomous Republic of Adjara in Georgia and provinces of Artvin, Ardahan and Erzurum in Turkey. The administrative center was Çıldır between 1578 and 1628, Ahıska between 1628 and 1829, and Oltu between 1829 and 1845.

Ardahan
Ardahan (Georgian: არტაანი, romanized: art'aani; Kurdish: Erdêxan, Armenian: Արդահան, romanized: Ardahan; Russian: Ардаган) is a city in northeastern Turkey, near the Georgian border. It is the seat of Ardahan Province and Ardahan District. Its population is 22,927 (2021).
Lambi Assembly constituency
Lambi Assembly constituency (Sl. No.: 83) is a Punjab Legislative Assembly constituency in Sri Muktsar Sahib district, Punjab state, India. A voter-verified paper audit trail was used in Lambi in the 2017 Assembly polls. It is part of the Bathinda Lok Sabha constituency, which is represented by Harsimrat Kaur Badal. The total number of voters in this constituency is 155,556 and there are 168 polling stations.

Parkash Singh Badal has been a record four times chief minister of Punjab. He has won five consecutive times from Lambi constituency from 1997 to 2017.

Sri Muktsar Sahib district
Sri Muktsar Sahib district is one of the 23 districts in the Indian state of Punjab. The capital city of district is Sri Muktsar Sahib. The district itself was historically referred to as Khidrane Di Dhaab. There are four tehsils in the district, which consists of a total of 234 villages. The tehsils are Sri Muktsar Sahib, Lambi, Giddarbaha and Malout.
Citrus Coast League
The Citrus Coast League (CCL) is a high school athletic conference in California that is affiliated with the CIF Southern Section. Established in 2018, the league consists primarily of small public high schools in Ventura County, with one member each in Los Angeles and Santa Barbara counties. Most CCL schools competed previously as members of the Tri-County Athletic Association, with Hueneme High School joining from the Pacific View League.

In 2019, Malibu and Santa Clara high schools switched their 11-man football programs to an eight-man format, citing a lack of players. As a result, both schools no longer compete in the Citrus Coast League in that sport.

Malibu High School
Malibu High School (MHS) is a public high school in Malibu, California. The school is one of three high schools in the Santa Monica–Malibu Unified School District and serves students in the city of Malibu and surrounding communities.
Tan Jin Sing
Tan Jin Sing (Chinese: 陈仁性; 1760 – 10 May 1831), titled Raden Tumenggung Secadiningrat, was a bureaucrat of the Yogyakarta Sultanate. He was Kapitan Cina for Kedhu and later Yogyakarta, before his actions in support of Hamengkubuwono III resulted in his elevation to the rank of bupati. He was the first Chinese to be appointed to Javanese nobility.

Adopted by a Chinese family as a baby, Tan had become involved as a Kapitan Cina by 1793, and moved to Yogyakarta in 1802. There, he became involved in the politics of the Yogyakarta Sultanate, strongly supporting Dutch and British involvements. In particular, his support for the British after their 1811 invasion of Java and sacking of Yogyakarta resulted in his elevation into Yogyakartan nobility. Despite this, he was estranged from Javanese aristocrats due to his European relationships.

Sack of Yogyakarta
The sack of Yogyakarta took place on 20 June 1812, during British rule of Java. Under Robert Rollo Gillespie, a British expeditionary force assaulted the keraton of Yogyakarta, deposing the reigning Sultan of Yogyakarta Hamengkubuwono II after a series of disputes between the sultan and colonial rule.

Tensions between the British and the Yogyakarta Sultanate arose shortly after the British takeover of Java, and despite a treaty in late 1811, both sides began preparations for war with Hamengkubuwono II preparing a military rebellion against the British. Conflict erupted in June 1812 as the British dispatched over 1,000 soldiers to Yogyakarta, which captured the keraton by storm on 20 June. Hamengkubuwono II was captured and exiled, with his son Hamengkubuwono III installed as new Sultan. British and Sepoy troops also plundered the keraton, seizing a large amount of treasure along with Javanese literary works and archives.
West Somerset Yeomanry
The West Somerset Yeomanry was a Yeomanry regiment of the British Army.  First raised in 1794, it participated in the Second Boer War and World War I before being converted to an artillery regiment.  It served in World War II (as two field artillery regiments).  Post-war it was gradually reduced in strength until the yeomanry lineage of the successor unit was discontinued on 9 November 1988.

North Somerset Yeomanry
The North Somerset Yeomanry was a part-time cavalry regiment of the British Army from 1798 to 1967. It maintained order in Somerset in the days before organised police forces, and supplied volunteers to fight in the Second Boer War. It served on the Western Front in the First World War. At the outbreak of the Second World War, it continued to operate in the mounted role and then as a specialist signals unit. Postwar it joined the Royal Armoured Corps and later became infantry. Its lineage today is maintained by 93 (North Somerset Yeomanry) Squadron 39 (Skinners) Signal Regiment.
Arts in education
Arts in education is an expanding field of educational research and practice informed by investigations into learning through arts experiences. In this context, the arts can include Performing arts education (dance, drama, music), literature and poetry, storytelling, Visual arts education in film, craft, design, digital arts, media and photography. It is distinguished from art education by being not so much about teaching art, but focused on:

how to improve learning through the arts

how to transfer learning in and through the arts to other disciplines

discovering and creating understanding of human behavior, thinking, potential, and learning especially through the close observation of works of art and various forms of involvement in arts experiences

Visual arts education
Visual arts education is the area of learning that is based upon the kind of art that one can see, visual arts—drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, and design in jewelry, pottery, weaving, fabrics, etc. and design applied to more practical fields such as commercial graphics and home furnishings. Contemporary topics include photography, video, film, design, and computer art. Art education may focus on students creating art, on learning to criticize or appreciate art, or some combination of the two.
Xinye Village
Xinye (simplified Chinese: 新叶; traditional Chinese: 新葉) is a historic village in Daciyan Town (大慈岩镇), Jiande City, Hangzhou, in the west of Zhejiang Province. Founded in the Southern Song dynasty, Xinye is noted for its well-preserved Ming and Qing era architecture and ancient residential buildings.  Xinye is also known for holding ancestor worship ceremonies on the annual Shangsi Festival, an ancient tradition that is only practiced by a few communities in China today, including Xinye.  In 2010 it was designated as a National Historic and Cultural Village of China.

Double Third Festival
The Double Third Festival (Chinese: 三月三; pinyin: sānyuèsān) sometimes also called the Washing Festival is a traditional holiday originating from China, and is celebrated in multiple East Asian countries, including China and Korea.
Hamilton station (VTA)
Hamilton station is an elevated light rail station located over East Hamilton Avenue, after which the station is named, near its intersection with Creekside Way and California State Route 17, in Campbell, California. The station is owned by Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) and is served by the Green Line of the VTA light rail system. The station has a single track used by trains traveling in both directions.

Campbell, California
Campbell (/ˈkæm.bəl/) is a city in Santa Clara County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 census, Campbell's population is 43,959.

Campbell is home to the Pruneyard Shopping Center, a sprawling open-air retail complex which was involved in a famous Supreme Court case that established the extent of the right to free speech in California.
Hannah Howell
Hannah Dustin Howell (born 1950 in Massachusetts) is an American author of over 40 historical romance novels, many of which are set in medieval Scotland. She also writes under the names Sarah Dustin, Sandra Dustin, and Anna Jennet.

Alexandra Ivy
Alexandra Ivy is an American novelist mostly known for her New York Times Best Selling contemporary paranormal series Guardians of Eternity. She also writes regency historicals using the name Deborah or Debbie Raleigh. Her writing has gained high acclaim in the romance genre, earning Romantic Times magazine 'Top Pick' nominations for When Darkness Comes and Embrace the Darkness.
Bud Moore (NASCAR owner)
Walter Maynard "Bud" Moore Jr. (May 25, 1925 – November 27, 2017) was a NASCAR car owner who operated the Bud Moore Engineering team. A decorated veteran of World War II, he described himself as "an old country mechanic who loved to make 'em run fast".

Moore served in World War II as a member of the United States Army. A machine gunner, he participated in the Normandy landings as part of the 4th Infantry Division, landing on Utah Beach. After Normandy, he went on to fight in the Battle of the Bulge and ended his military service as a sergeant.

When he returned from the war, he began a career in stock car racing as a crew chief. In the 1960s, he opened Bud Moore Engineering, a team that went on to win two NASCAR Grand National Series championships and 63 races for 37 years until its shutdown in 1999. He was inducted into the NASCAR Hall of Fame in 2011.

Bud Moore Engineering
Bud Moore Engineering, later Fenley-Moore Racing, was a championship-winning NASCAR team. It was owned and operated by mechanic Bud Moore and ran out of Spartanburg, South Carolina. While the team was a dominant force in the 1960s and 1980s, the final years were tumultuous due to lack of sponsorship and uncompetitive race cars. The team's numbers are 01, 06, 08, 1, 8, 15, 16, and 62.