hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Archibald Maule Ramsay
Archibald Henry Maule Ramsay (4 May 1894 – 11 March 1955) was a British Army officer who later went into politics as a Scottish Unionist Member of Parliament (MP). From the late 1930s, he developed increasingly strident antisemitic views. In 1940, after his involvement with a suspected spy at the United States embassy, he became the only British MP to be interned under Defence Regulation 18B.

In 1939, Ramsay formed the explicitly pro-Nazi Right Club, intending to unify far-right extremists across Britain. According to reports by MI5, he was plotting a fascist coup, intended to take place if and when German troops landed on British soil. In furtherance of this plan, he placed informants within the police, the Ministry of Economic Warfare, Air Ministry censorship branch, and Churchill's War Cabinet.

Defence Regulation 18B
Defence Regulation 18B, often referred to as simply 18B, was one of the Defence Regulations used by the British Government during and before the Second World War. The complete name for the rule was Regulation 18B of the Defence (General) Regulations 1939.  It allowed the internment without trial of people suspected of being actively opposed to the ongoing war with Germany during World War II such as separatist elements (for example Irish republicans suspected of involvement in the Sabotage Campaign) or were otherwise suspected of ideological Nazi-aligned sympathy (this included members of the British Union of Fascists and similar groups). The effect of 18B was to suspend the right of affected individuals to habeas corpus.
New York Jazz Quartet
The New York Jazz Quartet was founded by pianist Roland Hanna.  Initially consisting of flautist Hubert Laws, bassist Ron Carter, and drummer Billy Cobham, the lineup changed in 1974 to Frank Wess, bassist George Mraz, and drummer Ben Riley. Richie Pratt and Grady Tate also contributed to the group. The group recorded for the Inner City, Enja, Salvation and Sonet Records from 1972 to 1982.

Frank Wess
Frank Wellington Wess (January 4, 1922 – October 30, 2013) was an American jazz saxophonist and flutist. He was renowned for his extensive solo work; however, he was also remembered for his time playing with Count Basie's band during the early 1950s into the early 1960s. Critic Scott Yanow described him as one of the premier proteges of Lester Young, and a leading jazz flutist of his era—using the latter instrument to bring new colors to Basie's music.
Kyushu Seido-kai
The Kyushu Seido-kai (九州誠道会, Kyūshū Seidō-kai) was a yakuza organization based in Fukuoka Prefecture on the Kyushu island of Japan, with an estimated 150 active members. Headquartered in the southern Fukuoka region of Omuta, the Kyushu Seido-kai maintains its offices in five other prefectures including Tokyo.

Since its formation, the Kyushu Seido-kai has been known for its blatant armed conflicts with its former parent syndicate, the Dojin-kai, involving various hazardous weapons such as automatic firearms (especially the AK-47), petrol bombs and hand grenades.

While violently feuding with the Dojin-kai, the Kyushu Seido-kai has caused deaths among several innocent civilians as well as numerous yakuza members, and because of that, despite being a relatively recently established group, the Kyushu Seido-kai has been a designated yakuza group since 2008.

Ōmuta, Fukuoka
Ōmuta (Japanese: 大牟田市, Hepburn: Ōmuta-shi) is a city in Fukuoka Prefecture on the island of Kyūshū, Japan.  As of December 31, 2023, the city had an estimated population of 106,393 in 55,373 households, and a  population density of 1,300 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 81.45 km2 (31.45 sq mi).
Ubisoft Montreal
Ubisoft Divertissements Inc., doing business as Ubisoft Montreal, is a Canadian video game developer and a studio of Ubisoft based in Montreal.

The studio was founded in April 1997 as part of Ubisoft's growth into worldwide markets, with subsidies from the governments of Montreal, Quebec, and Canada to help create new multimedia jobs. The studio's initial products were low-profile children's games based on existing intellectual property. Ubisoft Montreal's break-out titles were 2002's Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell and 2003's Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time. Subsequently, the studio continued to develop sequels and related games in both series, and developing its own intellectual properties such as Assassin's Creed, Far Cry, Watch Dogs, and For Honor.

By October 2022, the studio employed over 4,000 staff, making it the largest in the world. The studio helped to establish Montreal as a creative city, and brought other video game developers and publishers to establish studios there.

Ubisoft
Ubisoft Entertainment SA (/ˈjuːbisɒft/; French: [ybisɔft]; formerly Ubi Soft Entertainment SA) is a French video game publisher headquartered in Saint-Mandé with development studios across the world. Its video game franchises include Anno, Assassin's Creed, Driver, Far Cry, Just Dance, Prince of Persia, Rabbids, Rayman, Tom Clancy's, and Watch Dogs.

Ubisoft is led by chairman and CEO Yves Guillemot. The company first achieved commercial and critical success with their 1995 platform game Rayman. In 1996, the company began to expand to other parts of the world, opening studios in Shanghai, Montreal and Milan. In recent years, Ubisoft has struggled financially, reporting a strong decline in revenue in 2024 and laying off 700 employees in 2025.
The Sandbox (2012 video game)
The Sandbox is a 2D sandbox game for mobile phones (iOS and Android) and Microsoft Windows, developed by the game studio Pixowl and released on May 15, 2012. It was released for PC on Steam on June 19, 2015.

A sequel, The Sandbox Evolution, was later released on the same platforms.

The brand was acquired by Animoca Brands in 2018, and its name was used for a blockchain-based 3D open world game of the same name that launched on November 29, 2021.

The Sandbox (company)
TSB Gaming (formerly known as Pixowl), doing business and commonly known as The Sandbox, is a metaverse platform developer. Founded in 2011, the company is now a subsidiary of the Hong Kong-based Animoca Brands. The company's chief product is The Sandbox, a 3D blockchain game platform released in 2021 as a sequel to the 2D world-building mobile game developed by the company in 2012.

The Sandbox is free-to-play, with in-game purchases available through an Ethereum-based cryptocurrency called SAND.
Meter Point Administration Number
A Meter Point Administration Number, also known as MPAN, Supply Number or S-Number, is a 21-digit reference used in Great Britain to uniquely identify electricity supply points such as individual domestic properties. The system was introduced in 1998 to aid creation of a competitive environment for electricity supply companies, and assists consumers to switch their supplier as well as simplifying administration. Although the name suggests that an MPAN refers to a particular meter, an MPAN can have several meters associated with it, or none where it is an unmetered supply. A supply receiving power from the distribution network operator (DNO) has an import MPAN, while generation and microgeneration projects feeding back into the DNO network are given export MPANs.

The equivalent for gas supplies is the Meter Point Reference Number and the water/wastewater equivalent for non-household customers is the Supply Point ID.

Distribution network operator
A distribution network operator (DNO), also known as a distribution system operator (DSO), is the operator of the electric power distribution system which delivers electricity to most end users. Each country may have many local distribution network operators, which are separate from the transmission system operator (responsible for transporting power in bulk around the country).
Sheriff Street
Sheriff Street (Irish: Sráid an tSirriam) is a street in the north inner city of Dublin, Ireland, lying between East Wall and North Wall and often considered to be part of the North Wall area. It is divided into Sheriff Street Lower (west end) and Sheriff Street Upper (east end).

North Wall, Dublin
North Wall (Irish: Port Thuaidh) is an area east of the inner north side of Dublin, along the River Liffey where it forms one of the Dublin quays.

The name refers to the North Bull Wall, which was constructed to form Dublin Port, extend the Liffey estuary and reclaim land at various stages from the early 1700s until its final completion around 1825. The area is today used to refer to the area between Sheriff Street and the River Liffey.

It contains the entire north side of Dublin Docklands and includes the International Financial Services Centre, Spencer Dock, and further east, the main part of Dublin Port.
The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes
The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes is an American superhero animated series produced by Marvel Animation in cooperation with Film Roman based on the Marvel Comics superhero team. The first season debuted on Disney XD on September 22, 2010. The second season was one of the inaugural shows of the Marvel Universe programming block alongside Ultimate Spider-Man. The series originally features a team based on the roster for the original Avengers, consisting of Iron Man, the Hulk, Thor, Ant-Man, and Wasp. The team is later joined by Captain America, Black Panther, and Hawkeye in the first season, and Ms. Marvel and Vision in the second.

In terms of overall tone and style, the series is based on the original stories by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. The series also uses material from all eras of the comic's run as well as other sources, such as the Marvel Cinematic Universe.

Hawkeye (Clint Barton)
Hawkeye (Clinton Francis "Clint" Barton) is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Don Heck, the character first appeared as a supervillain in Tales of Suspense #57 (September 1964) and later joined the Avengers as a superhero in The Avengers #16 (May 1965). He has since been a prominent member of several Avengers teams, founding the West Coast Avengers, briefly marrying and subsequently divorcing Bobbi Morse / Mockingbird, adopting the Ronin alias after his death and resurrection before mentoring Kate Bishop as his successor as Hawkeye. He was also ranked at #44 on IGN's Top 100 Comic Book Heroes list.

Jeremy Renner plays the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor (2011), The Avengers (2012), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Captain America: Civil War (2016), and Avengers: Endgame (2019), the animated series What If...? (2021), and the television miniseries Hawkeye (2021).
Vietnamese Catholic Lunar New Year
Vietnamese Catholics observance of Tết or Lunar New Year represents a unique synthesis of Catholic liturgical practice and traditional Vietnamese culture. Rooted in centuries of negotiation between faith and local custom, these celebrations reflect the Church’s adaptation following the reforms of the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965). Historically, Catholics in Vietnam were discouraged from engaging in ancestral rites and folk customs, but the Vatican’s recognition in 1965 of their cultural value allowed such practices to be harmonized with Catholic theology. By the early 1990s, official liturgical texts for the three principal days of Tết were included in the Vietnamese Missal, formally integrating ancestor remembrance and thanksgiving into the Church’s calendar. Today, Vietnamese Catholics mark the New Year through a series of special Masses, family gatherings, acts of charity, and cultural festivities, expressing both religious devotion and national heritage.

Catholic Church in Vietnam
The Catholic Church in Vietnam (Vietnamese: Giáo hội Công giáo Việt Nam) is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership Pope in Rome. Vietnam has the fifth largest Catholic population in Asia, after the Philippines, India, China and Indonesia. There are about 7 million Catholics in Vietnam, representing 7.4% of the total population. There are 27 dioceses (including three archdioceses) with 2,228 parishes and 2,668 priests. The main liturgical rites employed in Vietnam are those of the Latin Church.
Mearns's squirrel
Mearns's squirrel (Tamiasciurus douglasii mearnsi) is a subspecies of the Douglas squirrel endemic to Mexico. It is endangered and occurs in low densities, and is threatened by habitat loss. It is possibly also threatened by competition from the eastern gray squirrel, which was introduced to the range of Mearns's squirrel in 1946, but may not be present anymore. It is closely related to other subspecies of the Douglas squirrel, but far less is known about its behavior, which was first studied in detail in 2004. It is named for the 19th-century American naturalist Edgar Mearns.

Douglas squirrel
The Douglas squirrel (Tamiasciurus douglasii) is a pine squirrel found in western North America, from the Pacific Northwest (including the northwestern coastal states of the United States as well as the southwestern coast of British Columbia in Canada) to central California, with an isolated subspecies in northern Baja California, Mexico. It is sometimes known as the chickaree or pine squirrel, although these names are also used for the American red squirrel.  Variant spellings of the common name are Douglas' squirrel and  Douglas's squirrel. The Native Americans of Kings River called it the "Pillillooeet", in imitation of its characteristic alarm call.
Nakayama Hakudō
Nakayama Hakudō (中山 博道; February 11, 1872 - December 14, 1958), also known as Nakayama Hiromichi, was a Japanese martial artist and founder of the iaidō style Musō Shinden-ryū. He received hanshi (master instructor) ranks in kendō, iaidō, and jōdō from the All Japan Kendo Federation. In addition, he held an instructor's license in Shintō Musō-ryū and a Menkyo kaiden in Shindō Munen-ryū making him the 7th sōke of that system. Nakayama was also one of the masters of the Shimomura-ha Musō Shinden Eishin-ryū, iaijutsu.

Shindō Munen-ryū
Shindō Munen-ryū or Shintō Munen-ryū (神道無念流) is a Japanese koryū martial art school founded by Fukui Hyōemon Yoshihira (福井兵右衛門嘉平) in the early 18th century. The style rapidly gained popularity throughout Japan due to the efforts of Togasaki Kumataro, Okada Junmatsu, Saito Yakuro, and his sons Shintaro and Kannosuke.
Maurice Mouvet
Maurice Oscar Louis Mouvet (March 18, 1889 – May 18, 1927), known by the mononym Maurice, was an American dancer.  Born in New York, he moved to London and Paris as a child.  In Paris he began dancing in cabarets, cafés and restaurants.  After learning to waltz he was offered a dancing role in Vienna where he learnt the Viennese waltz.  Mouvet was also an early pioneer in dancing the Argentine tango and the Apache.  He met Florence Walton whilst dancing in theatre in New York and they married in 1911.  They played a key role in popularising the tango and the foxtrot and danced for European royalty.  The couple divorced in 1920. Mouvet suffered from tuberculosis and, after collapsing during a performance in 1922, was advised to move to the mountains to alleviate the condition.  He continued to dance and married his new dance partner, Elanor Ambrose, in 1926.  He died in Switzerland from tuberculosis.

Apache (dance)
Apache (French: [a.paʃ]), or La Danse Apache, Bowery Waltz, Apache Turn, Apache Dance and  Tough Dance  is a highly dramatic dance associated in popular culture with Parisian street culture at the beginning of the 20th century. The name of the dance is pronounced ah-PAHSH, not uh-PATCH-ee. In fin de siècle Paris young members of street gangs were labelled Apaches by the press because of the ferocity of their savagery towards one another, a name taken from the native North American indigenous people, the Apache.

The dance is sometimes said to reenact a violent "discussion" between a pimp and a prostitute. It includes mock slaps and punches, the man picking up and throwing the woman to the ground, or lifting and carrying her while she struggles or feigns unconsciousness. Thus, the dance shares many features with the theatrical discipline of stage combat.  In some examples, the woman may fight back.
Jarka Ruus
Jarka Ruus is a fantasy novel by American writer Terry Brooks. It is the first book in the High Druid of Shannara trilogy in Brooks' Shannara series, and takes place 20 years after the events of The Voyage of the Jerle Shannara. It was first published in 2003.

Shannara
Shannara /ˈʃænərə/ is a series of high fantasy novels written by Terry Brooks, beginning with The Sword of Shannara in 1977 and concluding with The Last Druid which was released in October 2020; there is also a prequel, First King of Shannara. The series blends magic and primitive technology and is set in the Four Lands, which are identified as Earth long after civilization was destroyed in a chemical and nuclear holocaust called the Great Wars. By the time of the prequel First King of Shannara, the world had reverted to a pre-industrial state and magic had re-emerged to supplement science.

In March 2025, Brooks announced his semi-retirement and that Delilah S. Dawson would be taking on the authorship of his Shannara legendarium going forward.
Justin Hurwitz
Justin Hurwitz (born January 22, 1985) is an American film composer and television writer. He is best known for his longtime friendship and collaboration with director Damien Chazelle, scoring each of his films: Guy and Madeline on a Park Bench (2009), Whiplash (2014), La La Land (2016), First Man (2018), and Babylon (2022).

For La La Land, Hurwitz won two Academy Awards, Best Original Score and Best Original Song (for "City of Stars"), as well as Golden Globe Awards for Best Original Score and Best Original Song and the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music. He has won two Grammy Awards for La La Land, one for Best Compilation Soundtrack For Visual Media and another one for Best Score Soundtrack For Visual Media. He won two additional Golden Globes for Original Score for First Man and Babylon.

Academy Award for Best Original Score
The Academy Award for Best Original Score is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to the best substantial body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring written specifically for the film by the submitting composer. Some pre-existing music is allowed, though, but a contending film must include a minimum of original music. This minimum since 2021 is established as 35% of the music, which is raised to 80% for sequels and franchise films. Fifteen scores are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Battle of Kulm
The Battle of Kulm was fought near the town Kulm (Czech: Chlumec) and the village Přestanov (then called Priesten) in northern Bohemia. It was fought on 29–30 August 1813, during the War of the Sixth Coalition. A French corps under General Dominique Vandamme attacked Alexander Osterman-Tolstoy's Russian corps on 29 August. The next day, Friedrich von Kleist's Prussian corps hit Vandamme in the rear while Russian and Austrian reinforcements attacked the French front and left. Vandamme was defeated with the loss of between 13,000 and 25,000 men and 82 guns. Frederick William created an award for those who distinguished themselves in battle, the Kulm Cross.

Alexander Ivanovich Ostermann-Tolstoy
Count Alexander Ivanovich Ostermann-Tolstoy (or Osterman-Tolstoy; Russian: Александр Иванович Остерман-Толстой, romanized: Aleksandr Ivanovich Osterman-Tolstoy; 1770 – 12 February 1857) was a Russian nobleman, soldier and officer who served in the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 and in the era of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. He belonged to the famous Tolstoy family. Being in numerical inferiority while commanding the rear guard on the first day of the Battle of Kulm, he held out against the onslaught of French forces but lost his left arm.
GlassFish
GlassFish is an open-source Jakarta EE platform application server project started by Sun Microsystems, then sponsored by Oracle Corporation, and now living at the Eclipse Foundation and supported by OmniFish, Fujitsu and Payara. The supported version under Oracle was called Oracle GlassFish Server. GlassFish is free software and was initially dual-licensed under two free software licences: the Common Development and Distribution License (CDDL) and the GNU General Public License (GPL) with the Classpath exception. After having been transferred to Eclipse, GlassFish remained dual-licensed, but the CDDL license was replaced by the Eclipse Public License (EPL).

Common Development and Distribution License
The Common Development and Distribution License (CDDL) is a free and open-source software license, produced by Sun Microsystems, based on the Mozilla Public License (MPL). Files licensed under the CDDL can be combined with files licensed under other licenses, whether open source or proprietary. In 2005 the Open Source Initiative approved the license. The Free Software Foundation (FSF) considers it a free software license, but one which is incompatible with the GNU General Public License (GPL).
13th Age
13th Age is a d20 fantasy role-playing game designed by Rob Heinsoo (lead designer of Dungeons & Dragons 4th Edition) and Jonathan Tweet (lead designer of D&D 3rd Edition), and published by Pelgrane Press. 13th Age has been well supported with over 25 supplements published since its 2013 release, the most recent in 2022.

Rob Heinsoo
Rob Heinsoo (born 1964) is an American tabletop game designer. He has been designing and contributing to professional role-playing games, card games, and board games since 1994. Heinsoo was the lead designer on the 4th Edition of Dungeons & Dragons (2008), and is co-designer of the 13th Age roleplaying game along with Jonathan Tweet. He has also designed and contributed to role playing, miniatures and card games, and a computer game.
Steph Wood
Stephanie Fretwell (born 28 November 1991), previously known as Stephanie Wood, is a former Australia netball international, who currently plays for the Sunshine Coast Lightning in the Super Netball competition.

Wood was a member of the Australia teams that won gold medals at the 2022 Commonwealth Games and at the 2023 Netball World Cup. Between 2015 and 2016, Fretwell played for New South Wales Swifts in the ANZ Championship. Since 2017 she has played for Sunshine Coast Lightning in Suncorp Super Netball. Between 2015 and 2019, she featured in five successive grand finalist squads, winning premierships with Sunshine Coast Lightning in 2017 and 2018.

2023 Netball World Cup
The 2023 Netball World Cup (formerly known as the Vitality Netball World Cup 2023) was the sixteenth staging of the Netball World Cup, the premier competition in international netball, contested every four years. The tournament was held from 28 July to 6 August at the International Convention Centre in Cape Town, South Africa, its first time in Africa.

This marked the tournament's 60th anniversary, as it was founded in 1963.

Sixteen nations contested for the title and after two group stage rounds; England, Jamaica, Australia and New Zealand all made it to the semi-finals, with England qualifying for the final for the first time. Australia would take home their 12th title after defeating England 61–45. Jamaica finished in third place, after defeating New Zealand. Host nation South Africa finished sixth overall.