hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tales of Wrykyn and Elsewhere
Tales of Wrykyn and Elsewhere is a collection of short stories by British writer P. G. Wodehouse, first published on 1 October 1997 by Porpoise Books, London, with illustrations by T. M. R. Whitwell. It contains previously uncollected work, most of the stories having first appeared in the schoolboy's magazines such as The Captain and Public School Magazine. It was reprinted by Penguin Random House under its Everyman's Library imprint in 2014.

Several of the stories had previously seen publication in the US in the collections The Uncollected Wodehouse (1976) and The Swoop! and Other Stories (1979).

Each of the stories involve students of a fictional public school. In the collection, the stories are grouped by school. The first twelve stories are set at Wrykyn, followed by two stories involving St Asterisk's, three St Austin's, four Locksley, two Beckford, one Eckleton, and one Sedleigh.

The Uncollected Wodehouse
The Uncollected Wodehouse is a collection of early newspaper and magazine articles and short stories by P. G. Wodehouse. First published in the United States on 18 October 1976 by Seabury Press, New York City, it contains 14 short stories. Five of the stories had appeared in the United Kingdom in the 1914 collection The Man Upstairs, and all had previously appeared in UK periodicals between 1901 and 1915; some had also appeared in the U.S. Five short items are included from  1900–1906 UK magazines, ten from 1914–1919, and nine from the U.S. Vanity Fair magazine.

The collection was edited and introduced by David A. Jasen, with a foreword by Malcolm Muggeridge.
Loving Leah
Loving Leah is a 2009 American romantic drama television film that aired on CBS as a Hallmark Hall of Fame movie on January 25, 2009. The film is directed by Jeff Bleckner and stars Adam Kaufman as a non-observant Jewish bachelor who feels compelled to marry his rabbi brother's widow, Leah (Lauren Ambrose), to honor him via the ancient Jewish law of yibbum (levirate marriage).

Loving Leah began as a play by P'nenah Goldstein and was brought to Hallmark by Ricki Lake, who appears in a minor role in the film. Goldstein also wrote the screenplay and "saw it in a way like Moonstruck or Crossing Delancey." To prepare for her role, lead actress Lauren Ambrose spent time with women of the close-knit Hasidic community.

Yibbum
Yibbum (pronounced [jibum], Hebrew: ייבום) is the form of levirate marriage found in Judaism. As specified by Deuteronomy 25:5–10, the brother of a man who died without children is permitted and encouraged to marry the widow. However, if either of the parties refuses to go through with the marriage, both are required to go through a ceremony known as halizah, involving a symbolic act of renunciation of their right to perform this marriage.

Jewish law (halakha) has seen a gradual decline of yibbum in favor of halizah, to the point where in most contemporary Jewish communities, and in Israel by mandate of the Chief Rabbinate, yibbum is prohibited.
Slawomir Krupa
Slawomir Krupa (born on June 18, 1974) is a French banker and business executive. He was chosen on September 30, 2022, to lead Société Générale starting from May 23, 2023. He has also been chairperson of the European Banking Federation since 2025.

Société Générale
Société Générale S.A. (French: [sɔsjete ʒeneʁal]), colloquially known in English-speaking countries as SocGen (pronounced [sɔk ʒɛn]), is a French multinational universal bank and financial services company founded in 1864. It is registered in downtown Paris and headquartered nearby in La Défense.

Société Générale is France's third largest bank by total assets after BNP Paribas and Crédit Agricole. It is also the sixth largest bank in Europe and the world's eighteenth. It is considered to be a systemically important bank by the Financial Stability Board. It has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank.

From 1966 to 2003 it was known as one of the Trois Vieilles ("Old Three") major French commercial banks, along with Banque Nationale de Paris (from 2000 BNP Paribas) and Crédit Lyonnais.
Alexander Cochrane
Sir Alexander Inglis Cochrane, GCB (born Alexander Forrester Cochrane; 23 April 1758 – 26 January 1832) was a Royal Navy officer and politician who served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars and achieved the rank of admiral of the blue. He captained HMS Ajax off Alexandria, Egypt during the French invasion of Egypt and Syria.

Cochrane was knighted into the Order of the Bath for his services in 1806. In 1814 he became vice admiral and commander-in-chief of the North American Station, led British naval forces during the attacks on Washington and New Orleans, and was promoted to admiral in 1819 and became commander-in-chief of the Plymouth naval base.

Sir George Cockburn, 10th Baronet
Admiral of the Fleet Sir George Cockburn, 10th Baronet, GCB, PC, FRS (22 April 1772 – 19 August 1853) was a Royal Navy officer and politician. As a captain, he was present at the Battle of Cape St Vincent in February 1797 during the French Revolutionary Wars. He commanded the naval support at the invasion of Martinique in February 1809 during the Napoleonic Wars.

He also directed the capture and Burning of Washington on 24 August 1814 as an advisor to Major General Robert Ross during the War of 1812. He went on to be First Naval Lord and in that capacity sought to improve the standards of gunnery in the fleet, forming a gunnery school at Portsmouth; later he ensured that the Navy had the latest steam and screw technology and put emphasis on the ability to manage seamen without the need to resort to physical punishment.
Princess Sharada Shah of Nepal
Princess Sharada Shah of Nepal or Sharada Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah (2 February 1942 – 1 June 2001) was the middle daughter of King Mahendra of Nepal. Princess Sharada and her husband, Kumar Khadga, were two of the ten members of the Nepalese royal family killed in the June 2001 Nepalese royal massacre.

Nepalese royal massacre
The Nepalese royal massacre (also called Durbar Hatyakanda, दरबार हत्याकाण्ड) was a mass shooting which occurred on 1 June 2001 at the Narayanhiti Palace, the then-residence of the Nepali monarchy, resulting in the deaths of nine members of the royal family, including King Birendra and Queen Aishwarya. A government-appointed inquiry team named Crown Prince Dipendra as the perpetrator of the massacre. Dipendra was declared king following the death of his parents but was comatose after shooting himself at the scene; he died in a hospital three days later without regaining consciousness. Birendra's brother Gyanendra then became king.
Daphne Rubin-Vega
Daphne Rubin-Vega (née Vega; born November 18, 1969) is a Panamanian actress and singer. She is best known for originating the roles of Mimi Marquez in the 1996 premiere of the Broadway musical Rent and Lucy in the 2007 premiere of the Off-Broadway play Jack Goes Boating.

Rubin-Vega also appeared as publicist Agnes in the second season of the TV series Smash (2012), and as Luisa Lopez in the TV series Katy Keene (2020). In 2021, Rubin-Vega starred as salon owner Daniela in the film adaptation of Lin-Manuel Miranda's In the Heights. Starting in 2024, she has voiced Carmilla Carmine in the adult animated musical animated series Hazbin Hotel.

In the Heights
In the Heights is a musical with concept, music, and lyrics by Lin-Manuel Miranda and a book by Quiara Alegría Hudes. The story is a romance as well as a celebration of community, culture, and aspirations. It is set over the course of three days, involving characters in the largely Hispanic and Latino neighborhood of Washington Heights in Upper Manhattan, New York City. The score blends hip-hop, salsa, merengue, and soul.

After a 2005 tryout in Waterford, Connecticut and a 2007 Off-Broadway run, the show opened on Broadway in March 2008. It was nominated for thirteen Tony Awards and won four, including Best Musical. A film adaptation of the musical was released in June 2021.
Santo Tomas, Batangas
Santo Tomas, officially the City of Santo Tomas (Filipino: Lungsod ng Santo Tomas), is a  component city in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 226,772 people.

Santo Tomas got its name from Spanish for Saint Thomas Aquinas, a Catholic saint whose patronal feast day is celebrated every March 7. It is also the hometown of Philippine Revolution and Philippine–American War hero Miguel Malvar, the last Filipino general to surrender to the Americans.

Tanauan, Batangas
Tanauan, officially the City of Tanauan (Filipino: Lungsod ng Tanauan), is a  component city in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 209,697 people.

It is known as the birthplace of José P. Laurel, the 3rd President of the Philippines.

The town was incorporated as a city under Republic Act No. 9005, signed on February 2, 2001, and entered into force on March 10, 2001.
Socken
Socken (Swedish: [ˈsʊ̌kːɛn] or [ˈsɔ̌kːɛn]) is the name used for a part of a county in Sweden. In Denmark, similar areas are known as sogn, in Norway sokn or sogn and in Finland pitäjä or socken. A socken is a rural area formed around a church, typically in the Middle Ages. A socken originally served as a parish. Later, until the Swedish municipal reforms of 1862, it also served as a civil parish or an administrative parish, and became a predecessor to today's municipalities of Sweden, Finland, Norway and Denmark. Today it is a traditional area with frozen borders, in Sweden typically identical to those of the early 20th century rural parishes. The socken also served as a registration unit for buildings, in Sweden recently replaced by identical registration districts as registration unit. A socken consists of several villages and industry localities (company towns), and is typically named after the main village and the original church.

Registration districts in Sweden
A registration district is, since 1 January 2016, the smallest administrative subdivision for population registration in Sweden (Swedish: folkbokföring), i.e. the civil registration of births, marriages, civil partnerships and deaths, and for the collation of census information.

Geographically, the districts correspond to the parishes of the Church of Sweden of 31 December 1999. About 85% of the old sockens corresponds with the new districts. The civil registration was originally maintained by the Church of Sweden, but since July 1991 it is administered by the Swedish Tax Agency.

The registration district is also used for registration of land ownership by Lantmäteriet, for the reason that owned land was historically named after parish:neighbourhood:number, but in 2000 changed to municipality:neighbourhood:number, which caused confusion with multiple neighbourhood names in the same municipality.
Ngaoundéré
Ngaoundéré or N'Gaoundéré (Fula: N'gamdere, نغَمْدٜرٜ‎, 𞤲'𞤺𞤢𞤥𞤣𞤫𞥅𞤪𞤫𞥅) is the capital of the Adamawa Region of Cameroon. It had a population of 152,700 at the 2005 census. According to the film Les Mairuuwas – Maitre de l'eau produced by the University of Tromsø, the population has rapidly risen to 1,200,000 (as of October 2023) owing to mass immigration from the Central African Republic and the perceived danger from Boko Haram in northern Cameroon.

The city lies at the northern end of the railway to Yaoundé and is also home to Ngaoundéré Airport. Attractions in the city include the Lamido Palace and the Lamido Grand Mosque. The town is named after a nearby mountain on its eponymous plateau; the mountain's name is the Mbum word for "navel mountain". "Ngaou" mean mountain in Mbum,  and "Ndare" mean navel in Mbum language. Because of this some people call the navel of Adamwa. Mount Ngaoundéré is rockey. On the top of mountain, large stone lies on it. Ngaoundéré is close to Lake Tison.

Adamawa Region
The Adamawa Region (French: Région de l'Adamaoua) is a constituent region of the Republic of Cameroon. It borders the Centre and East regions to the south, the Northwest and West regions to the southwest, Nigeria to the west, the Central African Republic (CAR) to the east, and the North Region to the north.

This mountainous area forms the barrier between Cameroon's forested south and savanna north. At almost 64,000 km2 in land area, the Adamawa is the third largest of Cameroon's ten regions. The land is rugged and sparsely populated, however, as most is devoted to the rearing of cattle. The Muslim Fulbe (Fulani) form the major ethnic group, though Tikar, Gbaya, and other peoples are present in lesser numbers.
Kamień Krajeński
Kamień Krajeński (Polish: [ˈkamjɛj̃ kraˈjɛj̃skʲi]) is a town in Sępólno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship in northern Poland, with 2,344 inhabitants (2010). It is located within the ethnocultural region of Krajna.

Sępólno County
Sępólno County (Polish: powiat sępoleński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sępólno Krajeńskie, which lies 49 km (30 mi) north-west of Bydgoszcz and 86 km (53 mi) north-west of Toruń. The county also contains the towns of Więcbork, lying 11 km (7 mi) south of Sępólno Krajeńskie, and Kamień Krajeński, 10 km (6 mi) north of Sępólno Krajeńskie.

The county covers an area of 790.86 square kilometres (305.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 41,055, out of which the population of Sępólno Krajeńskie is 9,091, that of Więcbork is 5,950, that of Kamień Krajeński is 2,390, and the rural population is 23,624.
Revolutionary Socialists (Egypt)
The Revolutionary Socialists (Arabic: الاشتراكيون الثوريون; Egyptian Arabic: [elʔeʃteɾˤɑkejˈjiːn essæwɾejˈjiːn]) (RS) are a Trotskyist organisation in Egypt originating in the tradition of 'Socialism from Below'. Leading RS members include  sociologist Sameh Naguib. The organisation produces a newspaper called The Socialist.

Sameh Naguib
Sameh Naguib (Arabic: سامح نجيب, IPA: [ˈsæːmeħ næˈɡiːb]) is an Egyptian sociologist at the American University in Cairo, a socialist activist. In 2006 he published a short book analysing the history and growth of the Muslim Brotherhood titled The Muslim Brotherhood- A socialist viewpoint.

In 2007, Naguib was a speaker at the fifth Cairo Anti-war Conference, which he used as a platform to condemn former President Hosni Mubarak and pointed to Egypt's striking workers as a way forward for the movement:

[T]he struggle against Mubarak’s regime is just in its beginning and not end as the regime hopes. Despite the constitutional coup, passed by force and forgery, the Egyptian state terrorism will not intimidate us. Their laws and dictatorial constitution will not deter us from fighting for freedom and justice.

He is the author of several articles and a pamphlet, The Egyptian Revolution: A Political Analysis and Eyewitness Account (London: Bookmarks, 2011).
Cumberland Head, New York
Cumberland Head is a census-designated place and region of the town of Plattsburgh in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 1,627 at the 2010 census.

Cumberland Head is a peninsula projecting into Lake Champlain, and includes the communities of Rocky Point and Champlain Park.

A landing for the Lake Champlain Transportation Company's ferry to Gordon Landing on Grand Isle, Vermont, is near the southern end of Cumberland Head. Cumberland Bay State Park is located at the northern end of the peninsula.

There is a historic lighthouse on the end of Cumberland Head.

Cumberland Bay State Park
Cumberland Bay State Park is a 350-acre (1.4 km2) state park located in the Town of Plattsburgh in Clinton County, New York. The park is located on the Cumberland Head peninsula on the western shore of Lake Champlain.
Max Bergmann
Max Bergmann  (12 February 1886 – 7 November 1944) was a Jewish-German biochemist. Together with Leonidas Zervas, the discoverer of the group, they were the first to use the carboxybenzyl protecting group for the synthesis of oligopeptides.

Benzyl chloroformate
Benzyl chloroformate, also known as benzyl chlorocarbonate or Z-chloride, is the benzyl ester of chloroformic acid. It can be also described as the chloride of the benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz or Z) group. In its pure form it is a water-sensitive oily colorless liquid, although impure samples usually appear yellow. It possesses a characteristic pungent odor and degrades in contact with water.

The compound was first prepared by Leonidas Zervas in the early 1930s who used it for the introduction of the benzyloxycarbonyl protecting group, which became the basis of the Bergmann-Zervas carboxybenzyl method of peptide synthesis he developed with Max Bergmann. This was the first successful method of controlled peptide chemical synthesis and for twenty years it was the dominant procedure used worldwide until the 1950s. To this day, benzyl chloroformate is often used for amine group protection.
Dabbu Bhale Jabbu
Dabbu Bhale Jabbu is a 1992 Indian Telugu-language family drama film directed by K. Rajendra and produced by Allu Ramalingaiah. The cast includes Gollapudi Maruthi Rao, Rao Gopal Rao, Annapoorna, Maharshi Raghava, and Sumalatha. The film was a remake of the Tamil film Varavu Nalla Uravu (1990) which was based on the American film Make Way for Tomorrow (1937). The film received two Nandi Awards.

Allu Ramalingaiah
Allu Ramalingaiah (1 October 1922 – 31 July 2004) was an Indian character actor, comedian, and producer known for his works in Telugu cinema. In 1990, he was honoured with the Padma Shri for his contribution to Indian cinema. In 1998, he received the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award - South, and the Raghupathi Venkaiah Award in 2001. Ramalingaiah appeared in over 1000 films in a variety of roles. The "Allu Ramalingaiah National Award" was instituted in his memory by the "Allu Ramalingaiah Academy of Arts". The award is presented every year to a Telugu film personality for lifetime achievement.
He is the father in law of Telugu hero Chiranjeevi. Surekha Konidala is his daughter.
Mississippi Highway 7
Mississippi Highway 7 (MS 7) runs generally north–south from the Tennessee state line in Benton County to Belzoni, Mississippi.  It travels approximately 168 miles (270 km), serving Humphreys, Leflore, Carroll, Grenada, Yalobusha, Lafayette, Marshall, and Benton counties while serving several points of interest, including Florewood River Plantation State Park, the University of Mississippi, and Wall Doxey State Park. MS 7 runs nearly parallel to the rarely used Mississippi Central Railroad.

Benton County, Mississippi
Benton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,646. Its county seat is Ashland. It is locally believed that residents convinced the post-Civil War Reconstruction government that Benton County was named after U.S. Senator Thomas Hart Benton, but the name actually honored Confederate Brigadier General Samuel Benton of nearby Holly Springs in Marshall County, nephew of the senator. Benton County is included in the Memphis, TN-MS-AR Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Albert-Eden Local Board
The Albert-Eden Local Board is one of the 21 local boards of the Auckland Council, and is one of the two boards overseen by the council's Albert-Eden-Puketāpapa ward councillors.

The Albert-Eden board, named after the two volcanic cones in the board area: Mount Albert and Mount Eden, covers the suburbs of Balmoral, Epsom, Greenlane, Kingsland, Morningside, Mount Albert, Mount Eden, Owairaka, Point Chevalier, Sandringham, and Waterview.

The board is governed by eight board members elected from two subdivisions: four from the Owairaka subdivision (western half of the board area), and four from the Maungawhau subdivision (eastern half). The first board members were elected with the nationwide local elections on Saturday 9 October 2010; the local board's second election closed on 12 October 2013.

Ōwairaka
Ōwairaka is a suburb of New Zealand's largest city, Auckland. It is under the local governance of the Auckland Council. The area was primarily rural until the 1930s, when the area experienced suburban growth. Ōwairaka is known for the Owairaka Athletic Club, a club that came to prominence in the 1960s, due to the success of coach Arthur Lydiard and athletes Murray Halberg and Peter Snell.
Tales of the Wizard of Oz
Tales of the Wizard of Oz is a 1961 animated television series produced by Crawley Films for Videocraft (later known as Rankin/Bass Productions). This is the second animated series produced by the studio and the first by Rankin/Bass to feature traditional animation.

Rankin/Bass Animated Entertainment
Rankin/Bass Animated Entertainment (founded and formerly known as Videocraft International, Ltd. and Rankin/Bass Productions, Inc.) was an American production company located in New York City.  It was known for its seasonal television specials, usually done in stop motion animation. Rankin/Bass's stop-motion productions are recognizable by their visual style of doll-like characters with spheroid body parts.

Nearly all of the studio's animation was outsourced to Japanese animation companies, such as Toei Animation, MOM Production, Mushi Productions and Topcraft. Rankin/Bass was one of the first Western studios to outsource their low-budget animated television and film productions to animation studios in foreign countries; the others that already practiced animation outsourcing include Total Television and King Features Syndicate TV in New York City; and Hanna-Barbera and Jay Ward Productions in Los Angeles, California.
Minnesota State Highway 11
Minnesota State Highway 11 (MN 11) is a 209.971-mile-long (337.916 km) highway in northwest and north-central Minnesota, which runs from North Dakota Highway 66 at the North Dakota state line (near Drayton, North Dakota) and continues east to its eastern terminus at the community of Island View on Dove Island, near International Falls.

The route follows the Rainy River between Baudette and International Falls.

Island View, Minnesota
Island View is an unincorporated community in Koochiching County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located ten miles east of International Falls at Rainy Lake on State Highway 11 (MN 11).

Island View is located within Rainy Lake Unorganized Territory.

The Rainy Lake Visitor Center at Voyageurs National Park is nearby.

Island View disincorporated in 1992.
Audio bit depth
In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the resolution of each sample. Examples of bit depth include Compact Disc Digital Audio, which uses 16 bits per sample, and DVD-Audio and Blu-ray Disc, which can support up to 24 bits per sample.

In basic implementations, variations in bit depth primarily affect the noise level from quantization error—thus the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dynamic range. However, techniques such as dithering, noise shaping, and oversampling can mitigate these effects without changing the bit depth. Bit depth also affects bit rate and file size.

Bit depth is useful for describing PCM digital signals. Non-PCM formats, such as those using lossy compression, do not have associated bit depths.

Sampling (signal processing)
In signal processing, sampling is the reduction of a continuous-time signal to a discrete-time signal. A common example is the conversion of a sound wave to a sequence of "samples".
A sample is a value of the signal at a point in time and/or space; this definition differs from the term's usage in statistics, which refers to a set of such values.

A sampler is a subsystem or operation that extracts samples from a continuous signal. A theoretical ideal sampler produces samples equivalent to the instantaneous value of the continuous signal at the desired points.

The original signal can be reconstructed from a sequence of samples, up to the Nyquist limit, by passing the sequence of samples through a reconstruction filter.