hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stroganov family
The House of Stroganov or Strogonov (Russian: Стро́гановы, Стро́гоновы), French spelling: Stroganoff, was a Russian noble family of highly successful Russian merchants, industrialists, landowners, and statesmen. From the time of Ivan the Terrible (r. 1533–1584) they were the richest businessmen in the Tsardom of Russia. They financed the Russian conquest of Siberia (1580 onwards) and Prince Pozharsky's 1612 reconquest of Moscow from the Poles. The Stroganov school of icon-painting (late 16th and 17th centuries) takes its name from them. The most recent common ancestor of the family was Fyodor Lukich Stroganov (died 1497), a salt industrialist. His elder son, Vladimir, became the founder of a branch whose members eventually became state peasants; this lineage continues. The lineage from Fyodor Lukich Stroganov's youngest son, Anikey (1488–1570), died out in 1923. Anikey's descendants became members of the high Russian nobility under the first Romanovs (tsars from 1613 onwards).

Anikey Stroganov
Anikey Fyodorovich Stroganov (also spelled Anika or Aniky; Russian: Аникей Фёдорович Строганов; Christian name: Joasaphus (Иоасаф); 1488–1570) was a Russian explorer, merchant and monk. He was an early progenitor of the Stroganov family, whose members were prominent Russian merchants, industrialists, landowners, noblemen, and statesmen through to the early 20th century.
Maria Sophie of Bavaria
Duchess Maria Sophie Amalie in Bavaria (4 October 1841 – 19 January 1925) was the last Queen of the Two Sicilies as the wife of Francis II of the Two Sicilies. She was one of the ten children of Maximilian Joseph, Duke in Bavaria and Princess Ludovika of Bavaria. She was born as Duchess Maria Sophie in Bavaria. She was the younger sister of the better-known Elisabeth of Bavaria ("Sisi") who married Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria.

Francis II of the Two Sicilies
Francis II (Neapolitan and Italian: Francesco II, Sicilian: Francischieddu; christened Francesco d'Assisi Maria Leopoldo; 16 January 1836 – 27 December 1894) was the last king of the Two Sicilies before the Italian unification, led by Giuseppe Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia. After he was deposed, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies and the Kingdom of Sardinia were merged into the newly formed Kingdom of Italy.
Drexel 4041
Drexel 4041 is a 17th-century British music manuscript commonplace book. As described by musicologist John P. Cutts, Drexel 4041 "is a treasure-house of early seventeenth-century song and dramatic lyric worthy of the attention of any student of seventeenth-century literature and drama." It is also a major source for the work of English composer William Lawes. Belonging to the New York Public Library, it forms part of the Drexel Collection, housed in the Music Division of the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts. Following traditional library practice, its name is derived from its call number.

Drexel Collection
The Drexel Collection is a collection of over 6,000 volumes of books about music and musical scores owned by the Music Division of The New York Public Library. Donated by Joseph W. Drexel in 1888 to the Lenox Library (which later became The New York Public Library), the collection, located today at the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, is rich with materials on music theory and music history as well as other musical subjects. It contains many rare books and includes a number of significant 17th-century English music manuscripts.
Troll (research station)
Troll is a Norwegian research station located at Jutulsessen, 235 kilometres (146 mi) from the coast in the eastern part of Princess Martha Coast in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It is Norway's only all-year research station in Antarctica, and is supplemented by the summer-only station Tor 91.7 km to the east. Troll is operated by the Norwegian Polar Institute and also features facilities for the Norwegian Meteorological Institute and the Norwegian Institute for Air Research.

Unlike most other research stations on the continent, Troll is constructed on the snow-free slope of solid rock breaking through the ice sheet at Jutulsessen, located 1,275 metres (4,183 ft) above mean sea level. The station opened as a summer-only station in 1990 and was taken into use as an all-year station in 2005. It has an overwintering capacity of six people and a summer capacity of 70. It is served by Troll Airfield, which is the base for the Dronning Maud Land Air Network (DROMLAN).

Jutulsessen
Jutulsessen is a nunatak in the Gjelsvik Mountains in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It is located in Princess Martha Coast, 235 kilometers (146 mi) from the King Haakon VII Sea. Jutulsessen is the site of the Norwegian research station Troll and the affiliated Troll Satellite Station, which has two radomes on top of the mountain. Troll Airfield is located in the vicinity.
Emily Chan
Emily Chan (born August 11, 1997) is an American pair skater. With her skating partner, Spencer Howe, she is a two-time Four Continents silver medalist (2022 and 2023), a two-time Grand Prix silver medalist (2022 Skate America; 2022 NHK Trophy), three-time Challenger Series medalist, and a four-time U.S. National medalist (pewter in 2022, 2025, and 2026; silver in 2023).

Earlier in her career, she competed in women's singles, becoming the 2016 U.S. national junior champion and 2015 U.S. national novice champion.

Spencer Howe
Spencer Akira Howe (born September 11, 1996) is an American pair skater. With his skating partner, Emily Chan, he is a two-time Four Continents silver medalist (2022 and 2023) silver medalist, a two-time Grand Prix silver medalist (2022 Skate America; 2022 NHK Trophy), three-time Challenger Series medalist, and a four-time U.S. National medalist (pewter in 2022, 2025, and 2026; silver in 2023).
Etterbeek
Etterbeek (French: [etœʁbek, -bɛk] ⓘ; Dutch: [ˈɛtərˌbeːk] ⓘ) is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the eastern part of the region, it is bordered by the municipalities of Auderghem, the City of Brussels, Ixelles, Schaerbeek, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert and Woluwe-Saint-Pierre. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).

Schaerbeek
Schaerbeek (French, pronounced [skaʁbek, -bɛk] ⓘ; former Dutch spelling) or Schaarbeek (modern Dutch, pronounced [ˈsxaːrbeːk] ⓘ) is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the north-eastern part of the region, it is bordered by the City of Brussels, Etterbeek, Evere and Saint-Josse-ten-Noode. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).

Schaerbeek has a multicultural identity stemming from its diverse population. As of 1 January 2022, the municipality had a population of 130,690 inhabitants. The total area is 7.9 km2 (3.1 sq mi), which gives a population density of 16,540/km2 (42,800/sq mi), twice the average of Brussels.
2022 Melilla incident
On 24 June 2022, 23 migrants and asylum seekers were killed after a crowd crush at the Melilla border fence during a conflict with Moroccan and Spanish security forces. Conflict broke out as around 2,000 migrants and asylum seekers gathered in the early hours of the day to cross the border with Spain.

Melilla border fence
The Melilla border fence forms part of the Morocco–Spain border in the city of Melilla, one of two Spanish cities in north Africa. Constructed by Spain, its stated purpose is to stop illegal immigration and smuggling. Melilla's border and its equivalent in Ceuta, also bordering Morocco, are the only two land borders between the European Union and an African country.
Rolls-Royce Silver Seraph
The Rolls-Royce Silver Seraph and its extended wheelbase version, the Rolls-Royce Park Ward, are full-size luxury automobiles manufactured and marketed by Rolls-Royce Motors from 1998 to 2002. The Silver Seraph (and its Bentley Arnage twin) were launched in March 1998, at the Geneva Motor Show. They replaced the Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit and the slightly longer Silver Spur, made from 1980 through 1997.

Silver Seraph production ended in late 2002, when Volkswagen's marketing licence for the Rolls-Royce marque were handed over to owner BMW, who began to manufacture Rolls-Royce cars (initially the Phantom VII) from 2003, under a new corporation, Rolls-Royce Motor Cars. Production of the Bentley-badged Arnage version continued into the late 2000s, which even involved a return of the (much updated) old 6.75L V8 Rolls-Royce engine.

Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit
The Rolls-Royce Silver Spirit is a full-size luxury car produced by Rolls-Royce Motors, in Crewe, England, from 1980 to 1997. It was the first model in the SZ series. The Silver Spur is a long-wheelbase version of the Silver Spirit, produced from 1980 to 2000. It was the first car to feature a retractable Spirit of Ecstasy: the spring-loaded mascot sank into the radiator shell if dislodged from its position.
Irina Medvedeva (actress)
Irina Aleksandrovna Medvedeva (Russian: Ирина Александровна Медведева, Belarusian: Ірына Аляксандраўна Мядзведзева; born 14 August 1982) is a Russian and Belarusian actress and singer. She has been member of cast of Russian sketch shows Dear broadcast, 6 kadrov and Sled.  Medvedeva was married to Ruslan Alekhno from 2009 until 2011.

Ruslan Alekhno
Ruslan Fyodorovich Alekhno (Russian: Руслан Фёдорович Алехно, Ruslan Feodorovich Alekhno, Belarusian: Руслан Фёдаравіч Аляхно, Ruslan Feodaravich Alyakhno; born October 14, 1981) is a Belarusian-Russian singer who rose to popularity after winning Narodniy Artist – 2, the Russian version of Pop Idol. Alekhno received the Medal of Francysk Skaryna in 2019.
Frank Stallone Sr.
Francesco Stallone Sr. (September 12, 1919 – July 11, 2011) was an Italian and American businessman and the father of actors Sylvester Stallone and Frank Stallone Jr. He wrote Stewart Lane which was published in May 2010. He appeared in the 1976 film Rocky as the timekeeper.

Frank Stallone
Francesco Stallone Jr. (born July 30, 1950) is an American actor and musician. He is the younger brother of actor and filmmaker Sylvester Stallone and has written music for Sylvester's movies. His song "Far from Over" appeared in the 1983 film Staying Alive and was included in the film's soundtrack album. The song reached number ten on the US Billboard Hot 100 and received a Golden Globe nomination for Stallone, while the album itself, consisting of Stallone and various other artists, received a Grammy nomination.
Gibson Steps
The Gibson Steps are an area of cliffs on the south coast of Australia, located at 38°40′06″S 143°06′43″E﻿ / ﻿38.66833°S 143.11194°E﻿ / -38.66833; 143.11194. The cliffs are the first sightseeing stopoff in Port Campbell National Park for travellers heading West along the Great Ocean Road, located about 2 minutes drive from The Twelve Apostles. The name Gibson Steps refers to the staircase leading down to Gibson Beach.

The Twelve Apostles (Victoria)
The Twelve Apostles are a collection of limestone stacks off the shore of Port Campbell National Park, by the Great Ocean Road in Victoria, Australia.

Their proximity to one another has made the site a popular tourist attraction. Despite their name, it is possible that there were never 12 rock stacks. Seven of the original nine stacks remain standing. Six of them are visible from the most popular viewpoint, while the seventh is located several metres away from the corner of the main viewing platform.
Warlocks Motorcycle Club (Pennsylvania)
The Warlocks Motorcycle Club, also distinguished as the Harpy Warlocks, the Philadelphia Warlocks, or the Philly Warlocks, is an American outlaw motorcycle club that was formed in Philadelphia in 1967. The club is most prominent in the Delaware Valley, including Philadelphia, Delaware County and South Jersey, as well as in the nearby Lehigh Valley.

Outlaw motorcycle club
An outlaw motorcycle club, known colloquially as a biker club or bikie club (in Australia), is a motorcycle subculture generally centered on the use of cruiser motorcycles, particularly Harley-Davidsons and choppers, and a set of ideals that purport to celebrate freedom, nonconformity to mainstream culture and loyalty to the biker group. The subculture emerged in the United States in the late 1940s and has since spread globally.

In the United States, such motorcycle clubs (MCs) are considered "outlaw" not necessarily because they engage in criminal activity but because they are not sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) and do not adhere to the AMA's rules. Instead, the clubs have bylaws reflecting the outlaw biker culture.

The U.S. Department of Justice defines "outlaw motorcycle gangs" (OMG) as "organizations whose members use their motorcycle clubs as conduits for criminal enterprises".
Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.

Constituent (linguistics)
In syntactic analysis, a constituent is a word or a group of words that function as a single unit within a hierarchical structure. The constituent structure of sentences is identified using tests for constituents.  These tests apply to a portion of a sentence, and  the results provide evidence about the constituent structure of the sentence. Many constituents are phrases. A phrase is a sequence of one or more words (in some theories two or more) built around a head lexical item and working as a unit within a sentence. A word sequence is shown to be a phrase/constituent if it exhibits one or more of the behaviors discussed below. The analysis of constituent structure is associated mainly with phrase structure grammars, although dependency grammars also allow sentence structure to be broken down into constituent parts.
Donald "Duck" Dunn
Donald "Duck" Dunn (November 24, 1941 – May 13, 2012) was an American bass guitarist, session musician, record producer, and songwriter. Dunn was notable for his 1960s recordings with Booker T. & the M.G.'s and as a session bassist for Stax Records. At Stax, Dunn played on thousands of records, including hits by Otis Redding, Sam & Dave, Rufus Thomas, Carla Thomas, William Bell, Eddie Floyd, Johnnie Taylor, Albert King, Bill Withers, Elvis Presley, and many others. In 1992, he was inducted in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Booker T. & the M.G.'s. In 2017, he was ranked 40th on Bass Player magazine's list of "The 100 Greatest Bass Players of All Time".

Eddie Floyd
Eddie Lee Floyd (born June 25, 1937) is an American R&B and soul singer and songwriter, best known for his work on the Stax record label in the 1960s and 1970s, including a No. 1 R&B hit song, "Knock on Wood".
Terrorgram
Terrorgram (sometimes stylized in all caps) is a far-right, decentralized network of Telegram channels and accounts that subscribe to or promote militant accelerationism. Terrorgram channels are neo-fascist in ideology, and regularly share instructions and manuals on how to carry out hate crimes, mass shootings and target critical infrastructure and even lists of potential targets. Terrorgram is a key communications forum for individuals and networks attached to Atomwaffen Division, The Base, and other explicit militant accelerationist groups.

Influenced by the defunct neo-Nazi web forum Iron March, Terrorgram has been linked to several terrorist attacks. It promotes "Saints culture", which promotes terrorist attacks and their perpetrators as "saints" or "martyrs". It has been proscribed as a terrorist organization and faces terrorist sanctions from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

Atomwaffen Division
The Atomwaffen Division (Atomwaffen meaning "atomic weapons" in German), also known as the National Socialist Resistance Front, was an international far-right extremist and neo-Nazi network. Formed in 2015 and based in the Southern United States, it expanded across the United States and several other countries worldwide. Atomwaffen was described as "one of the most violent neo-Nazi movements in the 21st century".

It was listed as a hate group by the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC), and it was also designated as a terrorist group by multiple governments, including the United Kingdom and Canada. Members of the Atomwaffen Division have been held responsible for a number of murders, bombings, planned terrorist attacks, and other criminal actions.
Alisa Tishchenko
Alisa Sergeyevna Tishchenko (Russian: Алиса Сергеевна Тищенко, IPA: [ɐˈlʲisə ˈtʲiɕːɪnkə]; born 17 February 2004) is a Russian group rhythmic gymnast. She is the silver medalist and group Olympic runner-up at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, along with Anastasia Bliznyuk, Anastasia Maksimova, Angelina Shkatova and Anastasia Tatareva. She is the 2019 World Junior Group All-Around, Team, 5 Hoops and 5 Ribbons champion and the 2019 European Junior Group All-Around, Team, 5 Hoops and 5 Ribbons champion.

Angelina Shkatova
Angelina Anatolyevna Shkatova (Russian: Ангелина Анатольевна Шкатова, IPA: [ɐnɡʲɪˈlʲinə ˈʂkatəvə]; born 25 January 2001) is a Russian group rhythmic gymnast. She is the 2021 European Group All-around champion and the 2015 European Junior Group All-around champion.
Sacrament meeting
Sacrament meeting is the primary weekly Sunday worship service in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

Sacrament meetings are held in the chapel of a meetinghouse by each individual ward (or branch). The service is presided over by the congregation's bishop (or branch president), unless a higher authority is present, such as the stake president or a general authority. Anyone is invited to attend, whether they are a member of the church or not. Sacrament meeting does not occur on the weeks when stake or district conferences, or the church's general conference are held.

Those attending sacrament meeting generally wear "Sunday formal" dress. Men wear suits and ties, and women wear modest dresses or skirts. Children are also encouraged to attend.

Worship services of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Worship services of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) include weekly services held in meetinghouses on Sundays (or another day when local custom or law prohibits Sunday worship) in geographically based religious units (called wards or branches). Once per month, this weekly service is a fast and testimony meeting. Twice each year, the LDS Church holds a worldwide general conference. LDS Church adherents also worship in temples, available for worship and participation in ordinances performed there by those who hold a temple recommend.
Downstream (software development)
In software development, downstream refers to a direction away from the original authors or maintainers of software that is distributed as source code, and is a qualification of a patch. For example, a patch sent downstream is offered to the developers or maintainers of a forked software project. If accepted, the developers or maintainers will include the patch in their software fork, either immediately or in a future release. Sometimes, "downstream" is used in contexts in which the developer does not have control, perhaps due to its inclusion as part other software or as part of a system.

For contrast, upstream refers to code sent toward the original development team.

Fork (software development)
In software development, a fork is a codebase that is created by duplicating an existing codebase and, generally, is subsequently modified independently of the original. Software built from a fork initially has identical behavior as software built from the original code, but as the source code is increasingly modified, the resulting software tends to have increasingly different behavior compared to the original. A fork is a form of branching, but generally involves storing the forked files separately from the original – not in the repository. Reasons for forking a codebase include user preference, stagnated or discontinued development of the original software or a schism in the developer community. Forking proprietary software (such as Unix) is prohibited by copyright law without explicit permission, but free and open-source software, by definition, may be forked without permission.
Neerazhi Palace
Neerazhi Palace (Malayalam: നീരാഴി കൊട്ടാരം) was the royal palace of the Thekkumkur kingdom. Palace is located at Puzhavathu in Changanassery. The palace was used by the Thekkumkur dynasty until 1750 and later by the Parappanad dynasty who settled in Changanassery from Malabar Region (present-day Parappanangadi). It was here that the last king of Thekkumkur, Aditya Varman Manikandan escaped to Nattassery of Kottayam in the Travancore invasion of 1790 (Battle of Changanassery). The Neerazhi palace was earlier known as Neerazhikettu.

Battle of Changanassery
The Battle of Changanacherry was a battle between the kingdoms of Thekkumkur and Travancore in September 1749. Defeat in this decisive battle led to Thekkumkur losing its dominance and expanding the Tranvancore empire to the southern border of the river Meenachilar.

The kingdom of Travancore conquered the princely states of Kayamkulam and Ambalapuzha under the leadership of Ramayyan Dalawa (the Dewan of Travancore). Thekkumkur army provided assistance to counter Travancore's invasion of princely state Ambalapuzha. Realizing this, King Marthanda Varma decided to invade Thekkumkoor following the fall of Champakassery (Ampalapuzha).
Kevin Eltife
Kevin Paul Eltife (born March 1, 1959) is an American businessman and former politician from Tyler, Texas. A Republican, served in the Texas Senate from 2004 through 2017. He was sworn in on August 15, 2004, after winning a special election to represent District 1. He declined to seek re-election in 2016 and was succeeded in office by fellow Republican Bryan Hughes.

Bryan Hughes (politician)
Douglas Bryan Hughes (born July 21, 1969) is an American attorney and politician who is a Republican member of the Texas State Senate for District 1. He was first elected to the Texas Senate in November 2016. Previously, Hughes was a member of the Texas House of Representatives from 2003 through January 2017 as state representative for District 5, which includes Camp, Harrison, Upshur, and Wood counties in northeastern Texas. Senator Hughes authored some of the more significant legislation to come out of the 87th Session of the Texas Legislature. His bills on abortion, voting reform, and social media censorship prompted significant debate but were passed by both houses of the legislature and signed into law by Governor Greg Abbott.