hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Britannia Creek Wood Distillation Plant
The Britannia Creek wood distillation plant was the only commercial undertaking of its type in Australia. It formed part of the Cuming, Smith and Company and operated about 80 km east of Melbourne in the foothills of the Yarra Ranges between 1907 and 1924.

Cuming, Smith & Co.
Cuming, Smith & Co. was an Australian chemical and fertiliser manufacturer established in 1872 in Yarraville, Melbourne. The firm began as a sulphuric acid producer and later became a significant manufacturer of superphosphate used in Australian agriculture. Its operations and interests extended across Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia and other jurisdictions, with associated activities in New South Wales, Queensland and New Zealand.

Through mergers and joint ventures, the business formed part of Cuming Smith Mount Lyell (CSML) in Western Australia in 1927 and later became CSBP after British Petroleum acquired an equity stake in 1964. In 1979, Wesfarmers launched a takeover bid for CSBP valued at approximately A$60 million, at the time the largest corporate acquisition in Australia. By 1986, Wesfarmers had purchased BP's remaining stake and assumed full ownership. The successor operations now form part of Wesfarmers Chemicals, Energy & Fertilisers (WesCEF).
Christiansfeld
Christiansfeld, with a population of 3,115 (1 January 2025), is a town in Kolding Municipality in Southern Jutland in Region of Southern Denmark. The town was founded in 1773 by the Moravian Church and named after the Danish king Christian VII. Since July 2015 it has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site, highlighting its status as the best-preserved example of the town-planning and architecture of the Moravian Church.

Kolding Municipality
Kolding Municipality (Danish: Kolding Kommune) is a kommune in the Region of Southern Denmark on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula in southeast Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 640 km2, and has a total population of 95,897 (2025). Its mayor is Knud Erik Langhoff, a member of the Conservative People's Party. The main city and the site of its municipal council is the seaport city of Kolding, the eighth largest city in Denmark.

Several major Danish motorways intersect in Kolding municipality.

On 1 January 2007 Kolding municipality was, as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007), merged with Christiansfeld, Lunderskov, Vamdrup municipalities, and Vester Nebel Parish in Egtved Municipality to form a new Kolding municipality.

The municipality is part of Triangle Region and of the East Jutland metropolitan area, which had a total population of 1.378 million in 2016.
Alishar Rural District
Alishar Rural District (Persian: دهستان عليشار) is in Kharqan District of Zarandiyeh County, Markazi province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Alishar. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Duzaj.

Alishar, Iran
Alishar (Persian: علي شار) is a village in, and the capital of, Alishar Rural District of Kharqan District, Zarandiyeh County, Markazi province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Duzaj.
Johnny Majors
John Terrill Majors (May 21, 1935 – June 3, 2020) was an American professional football player and college coach. A standout halfback at the University of Tennessee, he was an All-American in 1956 and a two-time winner of the Southeastern Conference Most Valuable Player award, in 1955 and 1956. He finished second to Paul Hornung in voting for the Heisman Trophy in 1956. After playing one season in the Canadian Football League (CFL), Majors became a college assistant coach. He served as the head coach at Iowa State University (1968–1972), the University of Pittsburgh (1973–1976, 1993–1996), and Tennessee (1977–1992), compiling a career college football record of 185–137–10. His 1976 Pittsburgh squad won a national championship after capping a 12–0 season with a victory in the Sugar Bowl. Majors was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a player in 1987.

Billy Majors
William Bobo Majors (November 7, 1938 – October 18, 1965) was a professional American football defensive back who played for the Buffalo Bills in 1961 in the American Football League (AFL). He was a ninth round pick of the Buffalo Bills with the 68th overall pick in the 1961 AFL Draft. He played college football at the University of Tennessee.

Majors and two others died in 1965 when their car was struck by a train. He was helping coach at Tennessee at the time.

Majors was posthumously inducted into the Tennessee Sports Hall of Fame in 1966.

His brothers Johnny, Joe, and Bobby also played football.
Digswell Viaduct
The Digswell Viaduct, also known as the Welwyn Viaduct and officially the Welwyn Railway Viaduct, is a railway viaduct that carries two tracks of the East Coast Main Line over the Mimram Valley in Hertfordshire, Eastern England. A prominent local landmark, it is located between Welwyn Garden City and Welwyn North railway stations, and is located above the village of Digswell and the River Mimram. Designed by father and son William and Joseph Cubitt, and engineered by Thomas Brassey, the viaduct opened in 1850 and has been a Grade II* listed structure since 1980.

The viaduct has forty arches and was originally built from red facing bricks, with blue facing bricks added in the 1930s. Metal gantries were appended to the side of the viaduct in 1980 as part of the electrification of the Great Northern route. At 1,560 feet (475 m) in length and up to 100 ft (30 m) in height, it was one of the largest works on the Great Northern Railway when it opened.

Welwyn North railway station
Welwyn North railway station serves the villages of Digswell and Welwyn in Hertfordshire, England. The station is located 22 miles (35 km) north of London King's Cross, on the East Coast Main Line. Train services are currently provided by Great Northern.
Colten Gunn
Colten Sopp (born May 18, 1991), better known by the ring name Colten Gunn, is an American professional wrestler. He is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW) and its sister promotion Ring of Honor (ROH), where he is in a tag team with his brother Austin as The Gunns, and is a member of the Bang Bang Gang stable. Gunn is a former one-time AEW World Tag Team Champion, one-time AEW World Trios Champion, and one-time ROH World Six-Man Tag Team Champion. Sopp is a second-generation professional wrestler, being the son of professional wrestler Monty Sopp, better known as Billy Gunn.

Bang Bang Gang
The Bang Bang Gang, formerly known as Bullet Club Gold, is a professional wrestling stable in All Elite Wrestling (AEW) and Ring of Honor (ROH).  The stable consists of leader Jay White, Juice Robinson, The Gunns (Austin Gunn and Colten Gunn), and Ace Austin.
Peter Krešimir IV
Peter Krešimir IV (Croatian: Petar Krešimir IV.) was King of Croatia and Dalmatia from 1059 until his death in 1074. He was the last ruler of the Krešimirović branch of the Trpimirović dynasty.

Under Peter Krešimir IV, the Croatian realm reached its peak territorially. He kept his seat at Nin and Biograd na Moru; however, the city of Šibenik holds a statue of him and is sometimes called "Krešimir's city" (Croatian: "Krešimirov grad") because he is generally credited as the founder.

Biograd na Moru
Biograd na Moru (pronounced [bîoɡraːd na mǒːru]), shortened to simply Biograd, is a town in northern Dalmatia in Croatia. It is significant for being another capital of the medieval Kingdom of Croatia. Biograd is administratively part of the Zadar County. It is located on the Adriatic Sea coast, overlooking the island of Pašman, on the road from Zadar and Sukošan towards Vodice and Šibenik.
Southeastern Front
The Southeastern Front was a front of the Red Army during World War II.

It was formed on August 5, 1942, out of parts of the Stalingrad Front, using the command elements from the First Tank Army and the disbanded Southern Front. The front's main aim was to prevent the German advance towards the Volga River and ward off the threat of a German encirclement of Stalingrad.

For this purpose it included :

52nd Army (Vsevolod Yakovlev),

57th Army (Fyodor Tolbukhin),

64th Army(Vasily Chuikov) .

Were later added to the forces of the front :

28th Army (Vasyl Herasymenko),

62nd Army (Anton Lopatin),

8th Air Army (Timofey Khryukin).

On September 28 the Southeastern Front was disbanded; most of its forces became the new Stalingrad Front, whilst the former Stalingrad Front was renamed the Don Front.

Stalingrad Front
The Stalingrad Front was a front, a military unit encompassing several armies, of the Soviet Union's Red Army during the Second World War. The name indicated the primary geographical region in which the Front first fought, based on the city of Stalingrad on the Volga River.
The Good Die Young
The Good Die Young is a 1954 British crime film directed by Lewis Gilbert and starring Laurence Harvey, Gloria Grahame, Joan Collins, Stanley Baker, Richard Basehart and John Ireland. It was made by Remus Films from a screenplay by Vernon Harris and Gilbert based on the 1953 novel of the same name by Richard Macaulay. It tells the story of four men in London with no criminal past whose marriages and finances are collapsing and, meeting in a pub, are tempted to redeem their situations by a robbery.

John and James Woolf
Sir John Woolf (15 March 1913, London – 28 June 1999, London) and his brother James Woolf (2 March 1920, London – 30 May 1966, Beverly Hills, California) were British film producers. John and James founded the production companies Romulus Films and Remus Films, which were active during the 1950s and 1960s, and the distribution company Independent Film Distributors (known as IFD), which was active 1950–59 and handled the UK distribution of films such as The African Queen and Gift Horse, as well as several films made by their two production companies (such as Room at the Top).
Talysh Khanate
The Talysh Khanate or Talish Khanate (Talysh: Tolyša xánati, Persian: خانات تالش, romanized: Khānāt-e Tālesh) was an Iranian khanate of Talysh origin that was established in Afsharid Persia and existed from the middle of the 18th century till the beginning of the 19th century, located in the south-west coast of the Caspian Sea.

It comprised the southeastern part of the modern-day Republic of Azerbaijan and the eastern tip of north-western Iran. The capital of the khanate was its chief city, Lankaran. As a result of the Persian defeat in the Russo-Persian War of 1826–1828, the khanate was dissolved and absorbed by the Russian Empire.

The uncertainty surrounding the history of Talysh Khanate is not due only to the paucity of sources, a further problem is the rarity of studies about it. Several studies and short surveys appeared in Russian, Azerbaijani, Turkish, and Persian. Regrettably, some of these studies are tenuous and contain erroneous and biased interpretations.

Talysh people
The Talysh people (Talysh: Tolışon, تالشان) or Talyshis, Talyshes, Talyshs, Talishis, Talishes, Talishs, Talesh are an Iranian ethnic group, with the majority residing in Azerbaijan and a minority in Iran. They are the indigenous people of the Talish, a region on the western shore of the Caspian Sea shared between Azerbaijan and Iran. The main city of the Talysh people and their homeland is Lankaran, the majority of the population of which is ethnically Talysh. They speak the Talysh language, closely related to Tati and Zaza languages and is one of the Northwestern Iranian languages. The majority of Talyshis in Azerbaijan are Shiite Muslims, and predominantly Sunni in Iran.

The Talysh people are famous for their longevity and centenarianism.
Jake Ellenberger
Jake Ellenberger (born March 28, 1985) is an American retired mixed martial artist and former United States Marine who was known for competing in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). A professional competitor from 2005–2018, Ellenberger has also formerly competed for the Quad Cities Silverbacks of the IFL,  Bodog Fight, and King of the Cage.

Quad Cities Silverbacks
The Quad Cities Silverbacks was an International Fight League team based in the Quad Cities region of the United States. Coached by former UFC Welterweight Champion and founder of the very successful Miletich Fighting Systems camp, Pat Miletich, the Silverbacks were one of four teams competing in the IFL's inaugural season.

The Silverbacks are two time IFL World Team Champions. In the 2007 season the Silverbacks suffered their first lost (to the LA Anacondas) and had to struggle to get the final spot in the 2007 playoffs. After defeating the Anacondas in the semi-finals the Silverbacks were defeated by the New York Pitbulls in the 2007 finals.
Central Cardamom Mountains National Park
The Central Cardamom Mountains National Park is a protected area in the central parts of Cambodia's Cardamom Mountains, covering 4,013.13 km2 (1,549.48 sq mi). It was established in 1999 as a protected forest under management by the Forestry Administration, and in 2016 the Ministry of Environment assumed responsibility.

The Central Cardamom Mountains National Park spans three provinces and is flanked east and west by Phnom Aural Wildlife Sanctuary and Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary respectively.

Cardamom Mountains
The Cardamom Mountains (Khmer: ជួរភ្នំក្រវាញ, Chuŏr Phnum Krâvanh [cuə pʰnum krɑʋaːɲ]; Thai: ทิวเขาบรรทัด, Thio Khao Banthat [tʰīw kʰǎw bān.tʰát]), or the Krâvanh Mountains, is a mountain range in the southwest part of Cambodia and Eastern Thailand. The majority of the range is within Cambodia.

The silhouette of the Cardamom Mountains appears in the provincial seal of Trat Province in Thailand.
String Quartet No. 2 (Prokofiev)
Sergei Prokofiev's String Quartet No. 2 in F Major, Op. 92 (1941) was first performed by the Beethoven Quartet in Moscow on 7 April 1942. A later concert in Moscow, on 5 September 1942, was delayed by a Nazi air raid and started late. Prokofiev thought it "an extremely turbulent success."  The string quartet, lasting for 20–25 minutes, is in three movements.

String Quartet No. 1 (Prokofiev)
Sergei Prokofiev's String Quartet No. 1 in B minor, Op. 50 (1931) was commissioned by the Library of Congress.  The Quartet was first performed in Washington, D.C., on 25 April 1931 by the Brosa Quartet and in Moscow on 9 October 1931 by the Roth Quartet. The string quartet is in three movements, lasting around 20–25 minutes.
Tinaroo Dam
The Tinaroo Dam, officially the Tinaroo Falls Dam, is a major ungated concrete gravity dam with a central ogee spillway across the Barron River located on the Atherton Tableland in Far North Queensland, Australia. The dam's purpose includes irrigation for the Mareeba-Dimbulah Irrigation Scheme, water supply, hydroelectricity generation, and recreation. Completed between 1953 and 1958, the dam creates the impounded reservoir, Lake Tinaroo.

Atherton Tableland
The Atherton Tableland is a fertile plateau, which is part of the Great Dividing Range in Queensland, Australia. It has very deep, rich basaltic soils and the main industry is agriculture. The principal river flowing across the plateau is the Barron River, which was dammed to form the irrigation reservoir named Lake Tinaroo.  Unlike many other rural areas, the Tablelands is experiencing a significant growth in population.
GAL4/UAS system
The GAL4-UAS system is a biochemical method used to study gene expression and function in organisms such as the fruit fly. It is based on the finding by Hitoshi Kakidani and Mark Ptashne, and Nicholas Webster and Pierre Chambon in 1988 that Gal4 binding to UAS sequences activates gene expression. The method was introduced into flies by Andrea Brand and Norbert Perrimon in 1993 and is considered a powerful technique for studying the expression of genes. The system has two parts: the Gal4 gene, encoding the yeast transcription activator protein Gal4, and the UAS (Upstream Activation Sequence), an enhancer to which GAL4 specifically binds to activate gene transcription.

Gal4 transcription factor
The Gal4 transcription factor is a positive regulator of gene expression of galactose-induced genes. This protein represents a large fungal family of transcription factors, Gal4 family, which includes over 50 members in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae e.g. Oaf1, Pip2, Pdr1, Pdr3, Leu3.

Gal4 recognizes genes with UASG, an upstream activating sequence, and activates them. In yeast cells, the principal targets are GAL1 (galactokinase), GAL10 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase), and GAL7 (galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase), three enzymes required for galactose metabolism. This binding has also proven useful in constructing the GAL4/UAS system, a technique for controlling expression in insects. In yeast, Gal4 is by default repressed by Gal80, and activated in the presence of galactose as Gal3 binds away Gal80.
Nam Nguyen
Nam Nguyen (born May 20, 1998) is a Canadian retired competitive figure skater. He is the 2014 World Junior champion, 2019 Skate Canada silver medallist, and two-time Canadian national champion (2015, 2019). He has placed as high as fifth at the World Championships, in 2015.

2014 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The 2014 World Junior Figure Skating Championships was an international figure skating competition in the 2013–14 season. Commonly called "World Juniors" and "Junior Worlds", the event determined the World Junior champions in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. It was held in Sofia, Bulgaria.
Fenton Township, Michigan
Charter Township of Fenton is a charter township of Genesee County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 16,843 at the 2020 census.

The cities of Fenton and Linden were formed from areas formerly within the township.

Fenton, Michigan
Fenton is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan that lies mostly in Genesee County, with small portions in neighboring Oakland and Livingston Counties. It is part of the Flint Metropolitan statistical area.

As of the 2020 census, Fenton had a population of 12,050.
Taff's Well A.F.C.
Taff's Well Association Football Club is a Welsh association football Club founded in 1946. The team are based in Taff's Well, near Cardiff, and compete in the Ardal SW League. The team is nicknamed the Wellmen and their home is situated at the Rhiw'r Ddar Stadium in Taffs Well.

Taff's Well
Taff's Well (Welsh: Ffynnon Taf) is a semi-rural village, community and electoral ward located at the south-eastern tip of Rhondda Cynon Taf, 6 miles (9.7 km) north-west of the city centre of Cardiff, the capital of Wales. Known locally as the "Gates to the Valleys" by some and considered part of the Valleys by others, it is separated from Gwaelod-y-Garth by the River Taff. Taff's Well is distinguished because it contains the only thermal spring in Wales. The tepid water is thought to rise along a fault-line from the Carboniferous Limestone, in somewhat similar manner to the warm springs at Bristol and Bath. The Welsh myth of the Taff's Well Turtle originates here. Various religious groups regard it as a spiritual site.

Garth Hill overlooks the village and was the inspiration for the fictional Ffynnon Garw, featured in the book and film The Englishman Who Went up a Hill but Came down a Mountain.
Amentum (company)
Amentum Holdings, Inc. (formally Amentum Government Services Holding LLC) is an American government and commercial services contractor based in Chantilly, Virginia. The company was formed in 2020 from the spinout of Aecom's Management Services / federal group.  After Leidos, it is the second-largest government services (non equipment producing) contractor in the US government contracting market.

AECOM
AECOM (/eɪ.iːˈkɒm/, ay-ee-KOM; formerly AECOM Technology Corporation) is an American multinational infrastructure consulting firm headquartered in Dallas, Texas.

The company's official name from 1990–2015 was AECOM Technology Corporation, and is now AECOM. The company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbol ACM.

As of 2023, AECOM had approximately 51,000 employees, and was number 291 on the 2023 Fortune 500 list.
Mantoux test
The Mantoux test (also called the Mendel–Mantoux test, tuberculin sensitivity test, or PPD test) is a method used to screen for tuberculosis (TB) infection. It has largely replaced older skin testing techniques such as the tine and Heaf tests. The test involves injecting a small amount of purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin just under the skin of the forearm. If performed correctly, the injection creates a small, pale bump called a wheal. The test site is examined a few days later for swelling or hardening of the skin, an immune response that would be expected if the person had been exposed to tuberculosis. However, additional tests are usually required to confirm active infection.

Tuberculin
Tuberculin, known in its modern form as purified protein derivative (PPD), is a combination of proteins that are used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis by injection into the skin.

Common side effects include redness, itchiness (pruritus), and pain at the site of injection. Allergic reactions may occasionally occur. Use is safe in pregnancy.

The original tuberculin, a glycerin extract of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, was discovered in 1890 by Robert Koch. Koch, best known for his work on the etiology (cause, origin) of tuberculosis (TB), laid down various rigorous guidelines that aided the establishment between a pathogen and the specific disease that followed that were later named Koch's postulates. Although he initially believed it would cure tuberculosis, this was later disproved.  PPD was invented in 1934 by Florence Seibert, greatly improving the reliability of the skin test over Koch's extract.

PPD is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland, BWV 62
Johann Sebastian Bach composed the church cantata Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland (Now come, Savior of the heathens), BWV 62, in Leipzig for the first Sunday in Advent and first performed it on 3 December 1724. It is based on Martin Luther's Advent hymn "Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland", a paraphrase of the Latin hymn "Veni redemptor gentium". The cantata is part of Bach's chorale cantata cycle, the second cycle during his tenure as Thomaskantor that began in 1723. In the format of this cycle, the text of the first and last stanzas of the hymn is retained unchanged while the text of the inner stanzas was paraphrased by an unknown librettist into a sequence of alternating arias and recitatives. The cantata is opened by a chorale fantasia and closed by a four-part chorale setting.

The cantata is scored for four vocal soloists, a four-part choir, and a Baroque instrumental ensemble of horn only to support the chorale melody, two oboes, strings and basso continuo.

Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland
"Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland" (original: "Nu kom der Heyden heyland", English: "Savior of the nations, come", literally: Now come, Saviour of the heathen) is a Lutheran chorale of 1524 with words written by Martin Luther, based on "Veni redemptor gentium" by Ambrose of Milan, and a melody, Zahn 1174, based on its plainchant. It was printed in the Erfurt Enchiridion of 1524.

The song was the prominent hymn for the first Sunday of Advent for centuries. It was used widely in organ settings by Protestant Baroque composers, most notably Johann Sebastian Bach, who also composed two church cantatas beginning with the hymn. Later settings include works by Max Reger, Brian Easdale and Siegfried Strohbach.

English versions include "Savior of the nations, come" by William Morton Reynolds, published in 1851.