hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cui Zhaowei
Cui Zhaowei (崔昭緯) (d. 896), courtesy name Yunyao (蘊曜), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, who served as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong. According to traditional histories, he was disloyal to Emperor Zhaozong and manipulated the court scene by conspiring with the eunuchs and the warlords Li Maozhen the military governor of Fengxiang Circuit (鳳翔, headquartered in modern Baoji, Shaanxi) and Wang Xingyu the military governor of Jingnan Circuit (靜難, headquartered in modern Xianyang, Shaanxi). After Li Keyong the military governor of Hedong Circuit (河東, headquartered in modern Taiyuan, Shanxi) defeated Wang and forced LI Maozhen into submission, Emperor Zhaozong exiled Cui and later had him executed.

Chancellor of the Tang dynasty
The chancellor, also known by its Chinese name as the zaixiang, was a semi-formal designation for a number of high-level officials during China's Tang dynasty. This list also includes chancellors of the short-lived Zhou dynasty of the empress Wu Zetian within the Tang.
Hungarian Liberal Party
Hungarian Liberal Party (Hungarian: Magyar Liberális Párt, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈlibɛraːliʃ ˈpaːrt], shortened form Liberals (Liberálisok) or MLP) is a liberal political party in Hungary. The party was founded on 27 April 2013, founded by former Alliance of Free Democrats politician and minister Gábor Fodor. As part of opposition electoral alliances, MLP gained each one seat in 2014 and 2018 parliamentary elections. The party has been inactive following the 2022 parliamentary election.

2014 Hungarian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 6 April 2014. This parliamentary election was the 7th since the 1990 first multi-party election. The result was a victory for the Fidesz–KDNP alliance, preserving its two-thirds majority, with Viktor Orbán remaining Prime Minister.

It was the first election under the new Constitution of Hungary which came into force on 1 January 2012. The new electoral law also entered into force that day. For the first time since Hungary's transition to democracy, the election had a single round. The voters elected 199 MPs instead of the previous 386 lawmakers.
Beal conjecture
The Beal conjecture is the following conjecture in number theory:

If

,

where A, B, C, x, y, and z are positive integers with x, y, z > 2, then A, B, and C have a common prime factor.

Equivalently,

The equation  has no solutions in positive integers and pairwise coprime integers A, B, C if x, y, z > 2.

The conjecture was formulated in 1993 by Andrew Beal, a banker and amateur mathematician, while investigating generalizations of Fermat's Last Theorem. Since 1997, Beal has offered a monetary prize for a peer-reviewed proof of this conjecture or a counterexample. The value of the prize has increased several times and is currently $1 million.

In some publications, this conjecture has occasionally been referred to as a generalized Fermat equation, the Mauldin conjecture, and the Tijdeman-Zagier conjecture.

Fermat–Catalan conjecture
In number theory, the Fermat–Catalan conjecture is a generalization of Fermat's Last Theorem and of Catalan's conjecture. The conjecture states that the equation

has only finitely many solutions (a, b, c, m, n, k) with distinct triplets of values (am, bn, ck) where a, b, c are positive coprime integers and m, n, k are positive integers satisfying

The inequality on m, n, and k is a necessary part of the conjecture. Without the inequality there would be infinitely many solutions, for instance with k = 1 (for any a, b, m, and n and with c = am + bn), with m=n=k=2 (for the infinitely many Pythagorean triples), and e.g. .
Alexander Seaton
Alexander Seaton or Seton (before 1626 – after 1649) was a Scottish soldier in Danish service during the Thirty Years' War. He briefly served as a governor in the Battle of Stralsund and as an admiral in the Torstenson War.

Siege of Stralsund (1628)
The Siege of Stralsund, 13 May to 4 August 1628, took place during the Thirty Years' War when an Imperial Army under Albrecht von Wallenstein attempted to capture the key Baltic Sea port of Stralsund. Then an independent city and part of the Hanseatic League, Stralsund was initially reinforced by small numbers of Scots mercenaries in Danish service, before Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden sent a larger force under Alexander Leslie.

The failure of the siege ended Wallenstein's series of victories, while Straslund was held by the Swedes for most of the next two hundred years. It provided Gustavus a bridgehead within the Holy Roman Empire that in 1630 facilitated Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War.
Rank of an abelian group
In mathematics, the rank, Prüfer rank, or torsion-free rank of an abelian group A is the cardinality of a maximal linearly independent subset. The rank of A determines the size of the largest free abelian group contained in A. If A is torsion-free then it embeds into a vector space over the rational numbers of dimension rank A. For finitely generated abelian groups, rank is a strong invariant and every such group is determined up to isomorphism by its rank and torsion subgroup. Torsion-free abelian groups of rank 1 have been completely classified. However, the theory of abelian groups of higher rank is more involved.

The term rank has a different meaning in the context of elementary abelian groups.

Torsion-free abelian group
In mathematics, specifically in abstract algebra, a torsion-free abelian group is an abelian group which has no non-trivial torsion elements; that is, a group in which the group operation is commutative and the identity element is the only element with finite order.

While finitely generated abelian groups are completely classified, not much is known about infinitely generated abelian groups, even in the torsion-free countable case.
Zou Jingyuan
Zou Jingyuan (Chinese: 邹敬园; pinyin: Zōu Jìngyuán, born 3 January 1998) is a Chinese artistic gymnast who specializes in parallel bars and rings. He is a two-time Olympic champion on parallel bars, winning gold at the 2020 and 2024 Summer Olympics. He is a four-time world champion on parallel bars, winning in 2017, 2018, 2022 and 2025. He was a member of the Chinese team that won silver at the 2024 Paris Olympics, bronze at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, gold at the 2018 and 2022 World Championships, and bronze at the 2019 World Championships. He was the silver medalist on rings at the 2024 Olympics and 2022 World Championships. Zou is widely considered the best parallel bars competitor in the world.

2019 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 2019 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships was held in Stuttgart, Germany from October 4–13, 2019. The championships took place at the Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Halle, and was the third time the city of Stuttgart hosted the event following the 1989 and 2007 editions, and the fifth time Germany hosted it.

As of October 2, 92 federations registered gymnasts for the event with a total of 288 men and 259 women.

Sam Mikulak of the United States and Mélanie de Jesus dos Santos of France won the Longines Prize for Elegance. Both mark a first for their respective countries: de Jesus dos Santos is the first gymnast from France to win this prize, and Mikulak is the first male gymnast from the United States to win one.
EuroBillTracker
EuroBillTracker (EBT) is a website designed for tracking euro banknotes. It was inspired by the US currency bill tracking website Where's George? The aim is to record as many notes as possible to know details about their distribution and movements, follow it up, like where a note has been seen in particular, and generate statistics and rankings, for example, in which countries there are more tickets. EuroBillTracker has registered over 243 million notes with a combined total value of more than €4.4 billion as of February 2026.

Currency bill tracking
Currency bill tracking is the process of tracking the movements of banknotes, similar to how ornithologists track migrations of birds by ringing them. It is usually facilitated by any one of a number of websites set up for the purpose, which can track currency among the users of that website. A user may register a bill by entering its serial number, and if someone else has already registered the bill, then the "route" of the bill can be displayed.

Some bill tracking sites encourage marking a bill before spending it, whereas others do not. This usually depends on the laws of the country issuing the currency.

The most popular currencies for currency tracking are the euro, the United States dollar (USD), and the Canadian dollar (CAD).
120 mm gun M1
The 120 mm gun M1 was the United States Army's standard super-heavy anti-aircraft gun during World War II and the Korean War, complementing the smaller and more mobile M2 90 mm gun in service. Its maximum altitude was about 60,000 ft (18,000 m), which earned it the nickname stratosphere gun.

The M1 gun was used by the Army for air defense from 1944 to 1960, serving primarily in static defensive roles, although it had been designed to be mobile. It became obsolete with the development of anti-aircraft missiles and was phased out after 1954. However, a derivative mounted in the M103 tank served in that capacity until 1974.

M103 heavy tank
The M103 heavy tank (officially designated 120mm gun combat tank M103, initially T43)  was a heavy tank that served in the United States Army and the United States Marine Corps during the Cold War. Introduced in 1957, it served until 1974, by which time evolution of the concept of a main battle tank rendered heavy tanks obsolete.
Well-formed formula
In mathematical logic, propositional logic, and predicate logic, a well-formed formula, abbreviated WFF or wff, often simply formula, is a finite sequence of symbols from a given alphabet, constructed following the defined grammar of a formal language.

The abbreviation wff is pronounced "woof", or sometimes "wiff", "weff", or "whiff".

A formal language can be identified with the set of formulas in the language. A formula is a syntactic object that can be given a semantic meaning by means of an interpretation. Two key uses of formulas are in propositional logic and predicate logic.

Ground expression
In mathematical logic, a ground term of a formal system is a term that does not contain any variables. Similarly, a ground formula is a formula that does not contain any variables.

In first-order logic with identity with constant symbols  and , the sentence  is a ground formula. A ground expression is a ground term or ground formula.
Arkansas Highway 365
Arkansas Highway 365 (AR 365 and Hwy. 365) is a north–south state highway in Central Arkansas. The route of 69.31 miles (111.54 km) runs from US 65B/US 79B in Pine Bluff north through Little Rock to US 65B in Conway. The route is a redesignation of former U.S. Route 65, which has since been rerouted onto various Interstate highways through the area. Portions of Highway 365 in Jefferson County are former alignments of the Dollarway Road, which was the longest paved concrete road upon completion in 1913.

Special routes of U.S. Route 65
A total of eight special routes of U.S. Route 65 exist, divided between the U.S. states of Arkansas and Missouri. Currently, they are all business loops, although a spur route in Pine Bluff, Arkansas and bypass routes in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and Springfield, Missouri both existed in the past.
Pierre Benoit (novelist)
Pierre Benoit (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ bənwa]; 16 July 1886 – 3 March 1962) was a French novelist, screenwriter and member of the Académie française. He is perhaps best known for his second novel L'Atlantide (1919) that has been filmed several times.

Atlantida (novel)
Atlantida (French: L'Atlantide) is a fantasy novel by French writer Pierre Benoit, published in February 1919. It was translated into English in 1920 as Atlantida. L'Atlantide was Benoit's second novel, following Koenigsmark, and it won the Grand Prize of the French Academy. The English translation of Atlantida was first published in the United States as a serial in Adventure magazine.

The story inspired several films.
Darul Uloom Haqqania
Jamia Darul Uloom Haqqania (Urdu: جامعہ دار العلوم حقانیہ) is an Islamic seminary in the town of Akora Khattak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, northwestern Pakistan.

The seminary propagates the Hanafi Deobandi school of Sunni Islam. It was founded by Abdul Haq Akorwi along the lines of the Darul Uloom Deoband seminary in India, where he had taught.

It has been dubbed the "University of Jihad" due to the future occupations of its alumni. A number of leading members of the Taliban, including past chief Akhtar Mansour and leader of Haqqani network, Sirajuddin Haqqani studied here.

Akhtar Mansur
Akhtar Mohammad Mansur (c. 1959 – 21 May 2016) was an Afghan militant who served as the second supreme leader of the Taliban from 2015 until his assassination in a US drone strike in Balochistan, Pakistan in 2016. He was a close aide and successor of the Taliban's founding leader, Mullah Omar.

United States president Barack Obama stated that Mansur was killed because he was planning attacks on US targets in Kabul. Obama hoped Mansur's death would lead to the Taliban joining a peace process.
Shane Chen
Shane Chen (Chinese: 陈星; born 10 February 1956 in Beijing, China) is a Chinese-American inventor and entrepreneur based in Camas, Washington. He is best known for inventing the self-balancing hoverboard.

Self-balancing scooter
A self-balancing scooter (also hoverboard, self-balancing board, electric scooter board, or swegway) is a self-balancing personal transporter consisting of two motorized wheels connected to a pair of articulated pads on which the rider places their feet. The rider controls the speed by leaning forward or backward, and direction of travel by twisting the pads.

Invented in its current form in early 2013, the device is the subject of complex patent disputes. Volume manufacture started in China in 2014 and early units were prone to catching fire due to an overheating battery which resulted in product recalls in 2016, including over 500,000 units sold in the United States by eight manufacturers. There have been 23 official recalls since 2016, affecting around 1,115,200 units in total.
Android 10
Android 10 (codenamed Android Q during development) is the tenth major release and the 17th version of the Android mobile operating system. It was first released as a developer preview on March 13, 2019, and was released publicly on September 3, 2019.

Android 10 was officially released on September 3, 2019, for supported Google Pixel devices, as well as the third-party Essential Phone and Redmi K20 Pro in selected markets. The OnePlus 7T was the first device with Android 10 pre-installed. In October 2019, it was reported that Google's certification requirements for Google Mobile Services will only allow Android 10-based builds to be approved after January 31, 2020.

As of December 2025, 4.65% of Android devices (mobile & tablet) ran Android 10 (which has ceased receiving security updates in March 2023).

Android version history
The version history of the Android mobile operating system began with the public release of its first beta on November 5, 2007. The first commercial version, Android 1.0, was released on September 23, 2008. The operating system has been developed by Google on a yearly schedule since at least 2011.  New major releases are usually announced at Google I/O in May, along with beta testing, with the stable version released to the public between August and October. The most recent exception has been Android 16 with its release in June 2025.
Vincent Ryan (priest)
Vincent Gerard Ryan (22 April 1938 – 13 April 2022) was an Australian Catholic priest convicted of sexually abusing 37 children. He was first charged in October 1995 and sentenced to 14 years imprisonment. Ryan was the first Catholic priest in the Newcastle, New South Wales, region to be charged with child sexual abuse, and one of the first in the world to be convicted of such abuse.

In Case Study 43, the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse examined the response of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Maitland-Newcastle to allegations of child sexual abuse against Ryan. The commission found senior leaders in the diocese, including Bishop Leo Clarke and Monsignor Patrick Cotter, had knowledge of Ryan's offending and "abjectly failed to do anything meaningful" to protect the children in the diocese.

Ryan's abuse and Bishop Clarke's attempts to conceal his crimes are featured in the ABC documentary series Revelation.

Revelation (TV series)
Revelation is a 2020 Australian documentary series directed by Nial Fulton and Sarah Ferguson. The series follows the criminal trials of three Catholic priests accused of child sexual abuse.

The series was produced by In Films for ABC Television and premiered on 17 March 2020, where it received critical acclaim and won the Walkley Documentary Award and Best Documentary Series Award at the Asian Academy Creative Awards.

The series screened on Netflix in March 2023 and spent two weeks in the top 10 most watched TV shows across Australia and New Zealand.
Christian Kist
Christian Kist (born 21 April 1986) is a Dutch professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. Nicknamed "the Lipstick", Kist formerly competed in British Darts Organisation (BDO) events. He is a former BDO World Champion, having won the 2012 World Championship, defeating Tony O'Shea in the final.

He switched to the PDC after winning a Tour Card in 2014, and has since finished as runner-up in two Players Championship events. Kist lost his Tour Card at the end of 2019, but has won five titles on the secondary tour, the PDC Challenge Tour. He regained his Tour Card by finishing third on the 2024 Challenge Tour ranking.

He hit a nine-dart finish in his first round match at the 2025 PDC World Darts Championship.

2024 PDC Challenge Tour series
The 2024 PDC Challenge Tour (known for sponsorship reasons as the Winmau Challenge Tour) was a series of non-televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). A secondary tour to the PDC Pro Tour, it consisted of 24 tournaments, held over four weekends of five events and one weekend of four events.

The Challenge Tour is the PDC's second-tier system for players who competed at the 2024 Qualifying Schools but did not win a PDC Tour Card.
Jeffersonian architecture
Jeffersonian architecture is an American form of Neo-Classicism and/or Neo-Palladianism embodied in the architectural designs of U.S. President and polymath Thomas Jefferson, after whom it is named. These include his home (Monticello), his retreat (Poplar Forest), the university he founded (University of Virginia), and his designs for the homes of friends and political allies (notably Barboursville). More than a dozen private homes bearing his personal stamp still stand today. Jefferson's style was popular in the early American period at about the same time that the more mainstream Greek Revival architecture was also coming into vogue (1790s–1830s) with his assistance.

Poplar Forest
Poplar Forest is a plantation and retreat home in Forest, Virginia, United States, that belonged to Thomas Jefferson, Founding Father and third U.S. president. Jefferson inherited the property in 1773 and began designing and working on his retreat home in 1806. While Jefferson is the most famous individual associated with the property, it had several owners before being purchased for restoration, preservation, and exhibition in 1984.

Poplar Forest was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1971 and is now operated as a historic house museum by the nonprofit Corporation for Jefferson's Poplar Forest. The corporation is also responsible for the ongoing archaeological study and restoration work at the property. The Corporation celebrated the completed restoration of Jefferson's villa retreat in April 2023.
Toowoon Bay
Toowoon Bay is a suburb of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia, located on a peninsula between Tuggerah Lake and the Pacific Ocean south of The Entrance.  It is part of the Central Coast Council local government area.

The Entrance, New South Wales
The Entrance is a coastal town in the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the Central Coast Council local government area. At the 2021 census, The Entrance had a population of 4,244 people.

The town occupies a promontory bounded by water on three sides. The Entrance gains its name from the channel that runs along much of its northern border that is 'the entrance' to Tuggerah Lakes. The Entrance has been a holiday destination since the first guest house was established there in 1885.

The town has extensive tourist accommodation, with attractions including its beaches, lake and town centre. It is also used as a base for day trips to the Hunter Valley vineyards.
Erdut
Erdut ([ěrduːt]) is a village and a municipality in eastern Croatia some 37 km east of the major city of Osijek. Lying on the border with neighbouring Serbia, it was the site of the signing of the 1995 Erdut Agreement, which initiated the UNTAES transitional administration over the Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia.

The village of Erdut is the third largest in the municipality, after Dalj and Bijelo Brdo. The municipality is part of the Osijek-Baranja County in eastern Slavonia. The municipal center is in the largest village of Dalj.

Osijek-Baranja County
Osijek-Baranja County (pronounced [ôsijeːk bǎraɲa], Croatian: Osječko-baranjska županija, Hungarian: Eszék-Baranya megye) is a county in Croatia, located in northeastern Slavonia and Baranja which is defined part of the Pannonian Plain. Its center is Osijek. Other towns include Đakovo, Našice, Valpovo, Belišće, and Beli Manastir.
Vespa
Vespa (Italian pronunciation: [ˈvɛspa]; Italian for 'wasp') is an Italian brand of scooters  and mopeds manufactured by Piaggio. The Vespa has evolved from a single model motor scooter manufactured in 1946 by Piaggio & Co. S.p.A. of Pontedera, Italy, to a full line of scooters and one of seven companies today owned by Piaggio.

From their inception, Vespa scooters have been known for a painted, pressed steel body which combines, in a unified structure: a full cowling enclosure around the engine concealing dirt or grease, a flat floor panel protecting the feet, and a prominent front fairing to divert wind and rain.

Vespa Primavera
The Vespa Primavera is a scooter produced by Piaggio under the Vespa brand since 2013. The Vespa Sprint was also derived from the Primavera, a sportier evolution with specific aesthetic details. Both were created to replace the Vespa LX and S.
Siu's semicontinuity theorem
In complex analysis, the Siu semicontinuity theorem implies that the Lelong number of a closed positive current on a complex manifold is semicontinuous. More precisely, the points where the Lelong number is at least some constant form a complex subvariety. This was conjectured by Harvey & King (1972) and proved by Siu (1973, 1974). Demailly (1987) generalized Siu's theorem to more general versions of the Lelong number.

Yum-Tong Siu
Yum-Tong Siu (Chinese: 蕭蔭堂; born May 6, 1943) is a Chinese mathematician. He is the William Elwood Byerly Professor of Mathematics at Harvard University.

Siu is a prominent figure in the study of functions of several complex variables. His research interests involve the intersection of complex variables, differential geometry, and algebraic geometry. He has resolved various conjectures by applying estimates of the complex Neumann problem and the theory of multiplier ideal sheaves to algebraic geometry.