hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Earl of Rosebery
Earl of Rosebery is a title in the Peerage of Scotland created in 1703 for Archibald Primrose, 1st Viscount of Rosebery, with remainder to his issue male and female successively. Its name comes from Roseberry Topping, a hill near Archibald's wife's estates in Yorkshire. The current earl is Harry Primrose, 8th Earl of Rosebery.

Harry Primrose, 8th Earl of Rosebery
Harry Ronald Neil Primrose, 8th Earl of Rosebery, 4th Earl of Midlothian DL (born 20 November 1967), styled Lord Dalmeny between 1974 and 2024, known as Harry Dalmeny, is a British aristocrat and the Chairman of Sotheby's in the United Kingdom.

A member of the British aristocracy, he is the holder of ten noble titles, including the earldoms of Rosebery and Midlothian, to the Primrose family estate Dalmeny House, and to the chiefship of Clan Primrose.

Primrose is a Deputy Lieutenant for the county of Midlothian and is a member of the Royal Company of Archers.
Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and the Royal Forests
The Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and the Royal Forests is a position established by the Normans in England.

The sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown.  Formerly the  sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial.

From 1068 until 1566 the position existed as Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and the Royal Forests but after 1566 separate appointments were made as Sheriff of Derbyshire and Sheriff of Nottinghamshire.

High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire
This is a list of the High Sheriffs of the English county of Nottinghamshire.

The High Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the High Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so its functions are now largely ceremonial. The High Sheriff changes every March.

From 1068 until 1567, the position existed as High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and the Royal Forests. From 1568 separate appointments were made for the High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire and for the High Sheriff of Derbyshire.
Arkansas Highway 241
Highway 241 (AR 241, Ark. 241, and Hwy. 241) is a north–south state highway in Monroe County. The route of 7.08 miles (11.39 km) begins at US Highway 49 (US 49) and runs west and north to Highway 302. The route is maintained by the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department (AHTD).

Arkansas Highway 302
Highway 302 (AR 302, Ark. 302, and Hwy. 302) is a designation for three east–west state highways in the Arkansas Grand Prairie. All three are low traffic rural highways. The first segment was created in 1963, with the other two added ten years later. One segment was part of the Trail of Tears and is preserved as an Arkansas Heritage Trail. All are maintained by the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ArDOT).
Sara Facio
Sara Facio (18 April 1932 – 18 June 2024) was an Argentine photojournalist and publisher. She was best known for having photographed, along with Alicia D'Amico, various cultural personalities, including Argentine writers Julio Cortázar, María Elena Walsh and Alejandra Pizarnik. She co-founded the publishing house "La Azotea" alongside María Cristina Orive in 1973.

Facio was instrumental in establishing a publishing house for photographic work in Latin America and for the creation of a prominent photographic exhibition space in Argentina.

Alicia D'Amico
Alicia D'Amico (October 6, 1933 – August 30, 2001) was an Argentine photographer. She was born in Buenos Aires, where her family had a photographic business. She ran a very productive studio with Sara Facio for twenty years. She published photography books and for the last twenty years of her life she focused on feminist issues and personal projects about the role of women in photography. She dedicated her entire life to photography, and she became a leading figure in Argentine photography.
What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?
What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? is a real-time strategy video game developed by Japan Studio and Acquire and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation Portable. The game centers on creating mazes and monsters to help defend a demon lord from heroes seeking to capture him.

The game was released in North America exclusively as a download game on the PlayStation Store, under the title Holy Invasion of Privacy, Badman! What Did I Do to Deserve This?. However, on February 9, 2010, NIS America revealed it would be changing the game's name to avoid conflict with the Batman franchise. The game was re-released on April 22, 2010 on the PlayStation Network after it was removed to make the changes, while its sequel, What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? 2, was delayed to May 4, 2010.

What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? 2
What Did I Do to Deserve This My Lord!? 2 (formerly known as Holy Invasion of Privacy, Badman! 2: Time to Tighten Up Security!, known as Yūsha no Kuse ni Namaiki da or2, 勇者のくせになまいきだor2, literally "For a hero, [you are] quite impudent/cheeky/bold] 2)" in Japan) is a real-time strategy video game developed by Japan Studio and Acquire and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation Portable. It is the sequel to What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? and was followed up by No Heroes Allowed!.

The game was released in Japan in 2008, and was announced for a North American release during Tokyo Game Show 2009. This release was delayed until May 4, 2010, due to NIS America changing the game's name from Holy Invasion Of Privacy, Badman! 2: Time to Tighten Up Security! to What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord!? 2 to avoid conflict with the Batman license. Tecmo Koei released the localized version in Europe. The UMD release includes the first game.
Edward Fiennes-Clinton, 18th Earl of Lincoln
Edward Horace Fiennes-Clinton, 18th Earl of Lincoln (23 February 1913 – 7 July 2001) was an aristocratic Australian engineer, who succeeded to his family's earldom of Lincoln (cr. 1572) by primogeniture upon the death in 1988 of his 10th cousin, the last Duke of Newcastle.

Edward Pelham-Clinton, 10th Duke of Newcastle
Edward Charles Pelham-Clinton, 10th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (18 August 1920 – 25 December 1988), was an English lepidopterist and military officer as well as Duke of Newcastle for less than two months at the end of his life, inheriting the titles from a third cousin. He was thus briefly a member of the House of Lords.
Philotas
Philotas (Greek: Φιλώτας; 365 BC – October 330 BC) was the eldest son of Parmenion, one of Alexander the Great's most experienced and talented generals. He rose to command the Companion Cavalry, but was accused of conspiring against Alexander and executed.

Parmenion
Parmenion (also Parmenio; Ancient Greek: Παρμενίων; c. 400 – 330 BC), son of Philotas, was a Macedonian general in the service of Philip II of Macedon and Alexander the Great. A nobleman, Parmenion rose to become Philip's chief military lieutenant and Alexander's strategos (military general). He was assassinated after his son Philotas was convicted on a charge of treason. His siblings Asander and Agathon would also become prominent members of Alexander's Macedonia.
Francis North, 1st Earl of Guilford
Francis North, 1st Earl of Guilford (13 April 1704 – 4 August 1790), styled as Lord Guilford between 1729 and 1752, was a British Whig politician and courtier who sat in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1727 to 1729 when he succeeded to the peerage as Baron Guildford. He also became the Treasurer of Queen Charlotte of the Royal House of Mecklenburg. His son, Frederick North, was the famous Prime Minister of Great Britain who lost the American Revolutionary War under his term.

Frederick North, Lord North
Frederick North, 2nd Earl of Guilford (13 April 1732 – 5 August 1792), better known by his courtesy title Lord North, which he used from 1752 to 1790, was Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1770 to 1782. He led the Kingdom of Great Britain through most of the American Revolutionary War. He also held a number of other cabinet posts, including Home Secretary and Chancellor of the Exchequer.

North's reputation among historians has varied wildly, reaching its lowest point in the late 19th century, when he was depicted as a creature of King George III and an incompetent who lost the American colonies. In the early 20th century a revised view emerged which emphasised his strengths in administering the Treasury, handling the House of Commons, and in defending the Church of England. The historian Herbert Butterfield, however, argued that his indolence was a barrier to efficient crisis management; he neglected his role in supervising the entire war effort.
Wagri
The Wagri, Wagiri, or Wagrians were a tribe of Polabian Slavs inhabiting Wagria, or eastern Holstein in northern Germany, from the ninth to twelfth centuries. They were a constituent tribe of the Obodrite confederacy.

Obotrites
The Obotrites (Latin: Obotriti, Abodritorum, Abodritos) or Obodrites, also spelled Abodrites (German: Abodriten), were a confederation of medieval West Slavic tribes within the territory of modern Mecklenburg and Holstein in northern Germany (see Polabian Slavs). For decades, they were allies of Charlemagne in his wars against the Germanic Saxons and the Slavic Veleti. The Obotrites under Prince Thrasco defeated the Saxons in the Battle of Bornhöved (798). The still-Pagan Saxons were dispersed by the emperor, and the part of their former land in Holstein north of Elbe was awarded to the Obotrites in 804, as a reward for their victory. This however was soon reverted through an invasion of the Danes. The Obotrite regnal style was abolished in 1167, when Pribislav was restored to power by Duke Henry the Lion, as Prince of Mecklenburg, thereby founding the Germanized House of Mecklenburg.
Diocese of Zacapa y Santo Cristo de Esquipulas
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Zacapa (y Santo Cristo de Esquipulas) is a Latin suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the Archdiocese of Guatemala.

Its cathedral episcopal see is catedral San Pedro (dedicated to saint Peter), in Zacapa. It also had a virtual Co-cathedral, Basílica del Cristo Negro de Esquipulas, which is officially still the cathedral of the Territorial Prelature of Santo Cristo de Esquipulas.

Archdiocese of Santiago de Guatemala
The Archdiocese of Santiago de Guatemala is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Guatemala. It is a primatial metropolitan see with six suffragan dioceses in its ecclesiastical province.
Dan Hartman
Daniel Earl Hartman (December 8, 1950 – March 22, 1994) was an American pop rock musician, multi-instrumentalist, producer, singer, and songwriter. Among songs he wrote and recorded were "Free Ride" as a member of the Edgar Winter Group, and the solo hits "Relight My Fire", "Instant Replay", "I Can Dream About You", "We Are the Young" and "Second Nature". "I Can Dream About You", his most successful US hit, reached No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1984. The James Brown song "Living in America", which Hartman co-wrote and produced, reached No. 4 on March 1, 1986.

Hartman wrote the 1980 disco song "Love Sensation" recorded by Loleatta Holloway, which has been sampled on numerous records, including the 1989 Black Box track "Ride on Time".

Edgar Winter
Edgar Holland Winter (born December 28, 1946) is an American multi-instrumentalist, working as a vocalist along with playing keyboards, saxophone, and percussion. His success peaked in the 1970s with his band the Edgar Winter Group and their popular songs "Frankenstein" and "Free Ride" which remain staple tracks of classic rock radio. He is the brother of blues singer and guitarist Johnny Winter, who died in 2014.
Coyote Creek (San Gabriel River tributary)
Coyote Creek is a principal tributary of the San Gabriel River in northwest Orange County and southeast Los Angeles County, California. It drains a land area of roughly 41.3 square miles (107 km2) covering nine major cities, including Brea, Buena Park, Cerritos, Fullerton, Hawaiian Gardens, La Habra, Lakewood, La Palma, and Long Beach.

Some major tributaries of the creek in the highly urbanized watershed include Brea Creek, Fullerton Creek, and Carbon Creek. The mostly-flat creek basin is separated by a series of low mountains, and is bounded by several small mountain ranges, including the Chino Hills, Puente Hills, and West Coyote Hills.

Brea Creek
Brea Creek is one of four principal tributaries of Coyote Creek, which is a lower tributary of the San Gabriel River in California. It drains parts of Orange, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties. The creek flows 11.7 miles (18.8 km) from the cities of Brea and Anaheim to Whittier, where its mouth is on the left bank of Coyote Creek, at a point 481 feet (147 m) lower in elevation.
MMALM
MMALM, also known as 4-methallyloxy-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine, is a serotonin receptor modulator of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families. It is a derivative of the DOx psychedelics TMA-2 and MEM in which the 4-position substituent has been extended. The drug is also the α-methyl or amphetamine analogue of 2C-O-3.

2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethoxyamphetamine
MEM, also known as 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethoxyamphetamine or as TMA2-4-EtO, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families related to TMA-2. It is the analogue of TMA-2 in which the methoxy group at the 4 position has been replaced with an ethoxy group. The drug was first described in the scientific literature by Alexander Shulgin by 1968.
Belmont Park station
Belmont Park is a seasonal-use Long Island Rail Road station on the grounds of the Belmont Park racetrack in the New York City borough of Queens. The station is a terminus of a spur line that lies south of and between the Queens Village and Elmont–UBS Arena stations on the Main Line/Hempstead Branch. Consistent with the names of other lines and branches of the LIRR, the spur line is called the Belmont Park Branch.

Train service to the Belmont Park station is operated only for special events such as the Belmont Stakes. Starting in November 2021, the venue has also been served full-time by the Elmont–UBS Arena station, located directly to the north and along the Main Line/Hempstead Branch.

Unlike the rest of the property on Belmont Park, the Belmont Park station is part of a small sliver of Belmont property (including some parking) that is located in Queens. The racing complex is located in Nassau County.

Queens Village station
The Queens Village station is a commuter rail station on the Long Island Rail Road's Main Line, located between 218th Street and Springfield Boulevard, in the Queens Village neighborhood of Queens, New York City. It has two side platforms along the four-track line, and is served primarily by Hempstead Branch trains.

Just east of the station is Queens Interlocking, a universal interlocking that splits the four-track line into two parallel two-track lines—the Main Line and Hempstead Branch—and controls the junction with the spur to Belmont Park. The station is elevated and the tracks leading in and out are on raised ground and only above the road at intersections.
Muzzle energy
Muzzle energy is the kinetic energy of a bullet as it is expelled from the muzzle of a firearm. Without consideration of factors such as aerodynamics and gravity for the sake of comparison, muzzle energy is used as a rough indication of the destructive potential of a given firearm or cartridge.  The heavier the bullet and especially the faster it moves, the higher its muzzle energy and the more damage it will do.

Muzzle velocity
Muzzle velocity is the speed of a projectile (bullet, pellet, slug, ball/shots or shell) at the moment it leaves the end of a gun's barrel (i.e. the muzzle). Firearm muzzle velocities range from approximately 120 m/s (390 ft/s) to 370 m/s (1,200 ft/s) in black powder muskets, to more than 1,200 m/s (3,900 ft/s) in modern rifles with high-velocity cartridges such as the .220 Swift and .204 Ruger, all the way to 1,700 m/s (5,600 ft/s) for tank guns firing kinetic energy penetrator ammunition. To simulate orbital debris impacts on spacecraft, NASA launches projectiles through light-gas guns at speeds up to 8,500 m/s (28,000 ft/s).
Several factors, including the type of firearm, the cartridge, and the barrel length, determine the bullet's muzzle velocity.
Synthetic ion channels
Synthetic ion channels are de novo chemical compounds that insert into lipid bilayers, form pores, and allow ions to flow from one side to the other.  They are man-made analogues of natural ion channels, and are thus also known as artificial ion channels.  Compared to biological channels, they usually allow fluxes of similar magnitude but are

minuscule in size (less than 5k Dalton vs. > 100k Dalton),

diverse in molecular architecture, and

may rely on diverse supramolecular interactions to pre-form the active, conducting structures.

Synthetic channels, like natural channels, are usually characterized by a combination of single-molecule (e.g., voltage-clamp of planar bilayers) and ensemble techniques (flux in vesicles).  The study of synthetic ion channels can potentially lead to new single-molecule sensing technologies as well as new therapeutics.

Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore. Their functions include establishing a resting membrane potential, shaping action potentials and other electrical signals by gating the flow of ions across the cell membrane, controlling the flow of ions across secretory and epithelial cells, and regulating cell volume. Ion channels are present in the membranes of all cells. Ion channels are one of the two classes of ionophoric proteins, the other being ion transporters.

The study of ion channels often involves biophysics, electrophysiology, and pharmacology, while using techniques including voltage clamp, patch clamp, immunohistochemistry, X-ray crystallography, fluoroscopy, and RT-PCR. Their classification as molecules is referred to as channelomics.
Gargoyle's Quest II
Gargoyle's Quest II: The Demon Darkness is a 1992 action-adventure platform game developed and published by Capcom for the Nintendo Entertainment System. It is the prequel to Gargoyle's Quest (part of the Ghosts 'n Goblins franchise) and features a similar gameplay style, which combines adventure elements with side-scrolling action in a macabre fantasy setting. It was followed by Demon's Crest for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1994.

Ghosts 'n Goblins
Ghosts 'n Goblins, known in Japan as Makaimura (Japanese: 魔界村; lit. "Demon World Village"), is a series of run-and-gun platform video games developed and owned by Capcom. The first entry in the series was Ghosts 'n Goblins, released in arcades on July 7, 1985. The series has subsequently been ported to and released on a variety of personal computers, game consoles and mobile platforms and spawned several sequels and spin-offs.

The main series focuses on the knight Arthur's quest to save princess Prin-Prin from the demon king Astaroth. The primary spin-offs include the Gargoyle's Quest and Maximo game series.

The series as a whole has sold over 4.7 million units as of December 31, 2025 and stands as the 13th best-selling Capcom game franchise. It has gained a reputation among players for its high level of difficulty.

The most recent game in the series, Ghosts 'n Goblins Resurrection, was released on February 25, 2021.
The King's Quest Companion
The King's Quest Companion is a book by Peter Spear that serves as both a hint book/walkthrough and a complete novelization of each of the games in the King's Quest series by the original Sierra On-Line company. Silicon Valley Books published the first three editions, and the fourth edition by Osborne/McGraw-Hill. The novelization for KQ6 was written by a guest writer, eluki bes shahar.

Roberta Williams had some influence (though how much is unknown) and praised the books, as well as supplied the author with information about the games' stories.

"The King's Quest Companion is an interesting blend of fiction and helpful information for playing my games. Anyone interested in reading the story behind King's Quest or who needs to be "unstuck" while playing the game will find this book invaluable."

King's Quest
King's Quest is a graphic adventure game series, released between 1980 and 2016 and created by the American software company Sierra Entertainment. It is widely considered a classic series from the golden era of adventure games. Following the success of its first installments, the series was primarily responsible for building the reputation of Sierra. Roberta Williams, co-founder and former co-owner of Sierra, designed all of the King's Quest games until the series' reboot in 2015.

The King's Quest series chronicles the saga of the royal family of the Kingdom of Daventry through their various trials and adventures. The story takes place over two generations and across many lands as the heroes and heroines fight villains such as evil witches and wizards.
Brute Force (1947 film)
Brute Force (aka Zelle R 17) is a 1947 American noir crime tragedy film  directed by Jules Dassin, from a screenplay by Richard Brooks with cinematography by William H. Daniels. It stars Burt Lancaster, Hume Cronyn, Charles Bickford and Yvonne De Carlo.

This was among several noir films made by Dassin during the postwar period. The others were Thieves' Highway, Night and the City and The Naked City.

The Naked City
The Naked City (a.k.a. Naked City) is a 1948 American crime procedural produced by Mark Hellinger; directed by Jules Dassin; and written by Albert Maltz and Malvin Wald, from a story by Wald. Starring Barry Fitzgerald, with Howard Duff, Dorothy Hart, and Don Taylor in support, the film depicts the police investigation that follows the murder of a young model. It was shot almost entirely on location in New York City.

Naked City received two Academy Awards, one for cinematography for William H. Daniels and another for film editing to Paul Weatherwax. In 2007, the highly influential film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Saxe-Weimar
Saxe-Weimar (German: Sachsen-Weimar) was one of the Saxon duchies held by the Ernestine branch of the Wettin dynasty in present-day Thuringia. The chief town and capital was Weimar. The Weimar branch was the most genealogically senior extant branch of the House of Wettin.

Ernestine duchies
The Ernestine duchies (German: Ernestinische Herzogtümer), also known as the Saxon duchies (Sächsische Herzogtümer, although the Albertine appanage duchies of Weissenfels, Merseburg and Zeitz were also "Saxon duchies" and adjacent to several Ernestine ones), were a group of small states whose number varied, which were largely located in the present-day German state of Thuringia and governed by dukes of the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin.

In 1800, there were seven such duchies (two held in personal unions with others) that collectively totaled 7,693 square kilometers of territory and were populated by 445,000 inhabitants.
Whitehead's point-free geometry
In mathematics, point-free geometry is a geometry whose primitive ontological notion is region rather than point. Two axiomatic systems are set out below, one grounded in mereology, the other in mereotopology and known as connection theory.

Point-free geometry was first formulated by Alfred North Whitehead, not as a theory of geometry or of spacetime, but of "events" and of an "extension relation" between events. Whitehead's purposes were as much philosophical as scientific and mathematical.

Mereotopology
In formal ontology, a branch of metaphysics, and in ontological computer science, mereotopology is a first-order theory, embodying mereological and topological concepts, of the relations among wholes, parts, parts of parts, and the boundaries between parts.