hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arizona State Route 260
State Route 260, also known as SR 260, is a 217.78-mile (350.48 km) long east–west major state highway in the north-central part of the U.S. state of Arizona.  It connects State Route 89A in Cottonwood to U.S. Route 180 and U.S. Route 191 in Eagar. The highway begins in Yavapai County before entering Coconino County and then entering Gila County before reentering Coconino County and then entering Navajo and Apache counties, where the highway ends.

Arizona State Route 89A
State Route 89A (SR 89A) is an 83.85-mile (134.94 km) state highway that runs from Prescott north to Flagstaff in the U.S. state of Arizona. The highway begins at SR 89 in Yavapai County and heads northward from Prescott Valley, entering Jerome. From Jerome, the route then heads to Cottonwood and Clarkdale. The road then continues out to Sedona. The highway is notable for its scenic value as it winds over and through Mingus Mountain as well as passing through Sedona and the Oak Creek Canyon. The route then enters Coconino County soon after leaving Sedona. The highway proceeds to Flagstaff, where it crosses Interstate 17 (I-17) and I-40. The highway ends at I-40 Business in Flagstaff. What is now SR 89A became a state highway in the late 1920s as SR 79. The highway was extended and improved several times through 1938. SR 79 was renumbered to U.S. Route 89A (US 89A) in 1941 and then to SR 89A in the early 1990s.
Penzance RFC
Penzance RFC formed in 1876, was a rugby union club based in Penzance, Cornwall, England. They amalgamated with Newlyn RFC in 1944 to form Penzance and Newlyn RFC (The Pirates), currently known as the Cornish Pirates.

Cornish Pirates
The Cornish Pirates (Cornish: An Vorladron Gernewek) are a professional rugby union team who play in the Champ Rugby, the second level of the English rugby union pyramid, and are the premier Cornish rugby club. The Cornish Pirates team are the 'First XV' of the Penzance & Newlyn Rugby Football Club, and play and train at their home ground, the Mennaye Field in Penzance.
Herodian dynasty
The Herodian dynasty was a royal dynasty of Idumaean (Edomite) descent, ruling the Herodian Kingdom of Judea and later the Herodian tetrarchy as a vassal state of the Roman Empire. The Herodian dynasty began with Herod the Great who assumed the throne of Judea, with Roman support, bringing down the century-old Hasmonean Kingdom. His kingdom lasted until his death in 4 BC, when it was divided among his sons and sister as a tetrarchy, which lasted for about 10 years. Most of those tetrarchies, including Judea proper, were incorporated into Judaea Province from 6 BC, though limited Herodian de facto kingship continued until Agrippa I's death in 44 AD and nominal title of kingship continued until c. 92 or 100 AD, when the last Herodian monarch, king Agrippa II, died and Rome assumed full power over his de jure domain.

Herod Agrippa II
Herod Agrippa II (Roman name: Marcus Julius Agrippa, Hebrew: אגריפס; AD 27/28 – c. 92 or 100), sometimes shortened to Agrippa II or Agrippa, was the last ruler from the Herodian dynasty, reigning over territories outside of Judea as a Roman client. Agrippa II fled Jerusalem in 66, fearing the Jewish uprising, and he supported the Roman side in the First Jewish–Roman War.
Mackinac College (Humbard)
Mackinac College (1972–73) was a nondenominational Bible college briefly owned and operated by the Cathedral of Tomorrow at the Rex Humbard Development Center on Mission Point, Mackinac Island, Michigan.  This coeducational undergraduate college was founded by Reverend Alpha Rex Emmanuel Humbard ("Brother Rex"), who was chairman of the board.  The President of the college was Rev. Roger Kvam, previously an assistant professor of political science at the University of Akron.

Mission Point (Mackinac Island)
Mission Point is located on the southeast side of Mackinac Island, Michigan. It is approximately 21 acres (8.5 ha) in size between Robinson's Folly and the jetty terminating near Franks Street. The Island has a history of documented European development beginning with French Jesuit missionaries landing at the point in 1634, less than two decades after the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock on the East Coast of North America.

Since that time, development at Mission Point has included a Mission House, summer house, several summer Victorian cottages, conference center for an international group, theater, film studio, college campus, and vacation resort. Mission Point looks out toward Round Island (Michigan) over the Straits of Mackinac, the principal waterway between Lake Michigan and Lake Huron. In the early 21st century, Mission Point has been developed as Mission Point Resort, a full-service facility including guest lodging, three restaurants, putting greens, a museum, and a theater.
Dalem Samprangan
Ida Dalem Agra Samprangan, also known as Sri Aji Agra Samprangan Kepakisan, was the second King from the Kepakisan dynasty who ruled the island of Bali from 1381 to 1384 AD (1303 - 1306 Saka), under the sovereignty of the Majapahit Empire. He was the heir to the throne of the Kingdom of Samprangan after his father, Sri Aji Kresna Kepakisan, and reigned for 3 years before being deposed by his ministers, led by Ki Gusti Ngurah Klapodyana, due to neglecting his governmental duties. The throne was then succeeded by his younger brother, I Dewa Agung Angulesir, who later held the title Sri Aji Semara Kepakisan.

Sri Aji Kresna Kepakisan
Sri Aji Kresna Kepakisan, also known as Ida Dalem Wawu Rauh or Ida Dalem Ketut Kresna Kepakisan, was a king and the founder of the Kepakisan Dynasty in Bali. He served as a vassal king under the Majapahit Empire and ruled the island of Bali from 1352 to 1380 AD. He was the son of Sri Wang Bang Kepakisan and the great-grandson of Mpu Tantular, the author of the Sutasoma text.
History of passive solar building design
The passive solar design of buildings includes consideration of their orientation to the sun and their thermal mass, factors which have been incorporated to a greater or lesser extent in vernacular architecture for thousands of years. Ancient Greeks, Romans, and Chinese were the first to refine and develop the basic principles of passive solar design, but European technological advances were largely abandoned after the Fall of Rome. It was not until the 20th century that interest in the principles of passive solar design had a resurgence in Europe and the U.S.A., with architects such as George F. Keck and Frank Lloyd Wright. In the 21st century, worldwide endeavours to reduce power consumption have kept the interest in passive solar technology alive.

Passive solar building design
In passive solar building design, windows, walls, and floors are made to collect, store, reflect, and distribute solar energy, in the form of heat in the winter and reject solar heat in the summer. This is called passive solar design because, unlike active solar heating systems, it does not involve the use of mechanical and electrical devices.

The key to designing a passive solar building is to best take advantage of the local climate performing an accurate site analysis. Elements to be considered include window placement and size, and glazing type, thermal insulation, thermal mass, and shading. Passive solar design techniques can be applied most easily to new buildings, but existing buildings can be adapted or "retrofitted".
Omicron Delta Epsilon
Omicron Delta Epsilon (ΟΔΕ or ODE) is an international honor society in the field of economics, formed from the merger of Omicron Delta Gamma and Omicron Chi Epsilon in 1963. ODE is a member of the Association of College Honor Societies. ODE has chartered more than 700 chapters worldwide. It publishes an academic journal The American Economist.

Omicron Chi Epsilon
Omicron Chi Epsilon (ΟΧΕ) was an American college honor society for economics. It was established in 1955 at the City College of New York. The organization established 28 chapters before merging with Omicron Delta Gamma to form Omicron Delta Epsilon in 1963.
Machimoodus State Park
Machimoodus State Park is a public recreation area located on the Salmon River near the village of Moodus in the town of East Haddam, Connecticut. The state park is bordered by Sunrise State Park to the north and by the Salmon River and Salmon Cove to the west and south. The park is managed by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection.

Sunrise State Park
Sunrise State Park (originally Sunrise Resort State Park) is a public recreation area occupying the site of the former Sunrise Resort in the town of East Haddam, Connecticut. The state park encompasses 143 acres (58 ha) on the east shore of Salmon River and shares an entrance with Machimoodus State Park to the south. The park is managed by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection.
Sir John Sulman Medal
The Sir John Sulman Medal for Public Architecture is an architectural award presented by the New South Wales chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects since 1934. The medal is sometimes referred to as the Sulman Award and now recognises excellence in public architecture in New South Wales.

Until 1961 the award also included projects in the Australian Capital Territory. The establishment of the ACT Chapter of the Institute of Architects in 1962 and a separate awards program including the Canberra Medallion changed the award to projects in New South Wales only. Before the advent of the NSW Chapter Wilkinson Award in 1961, the Sulman was also awarded to residential housing projects.

Wilkinson Award
The Wilkinson Award for Residential Architecture, Houses (New) is an Australian architecture award presented by the New South Wales Chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects and was first awarded in 1961. The award recognises excellence in new residential buildings built in New South Wales, Australia, often for freestanding houses, but at times awarded multiresidential projects and alterations and additions. Since 2005 it has only been presented to new houses with separate awards established for multiresidential and alteration and addition projects.
Hymenoscyphus fraxineus
Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is an ascomycete fungus that causes ash dieback, a chronic fungal disease of ash trees in Europe characterised by leaf loss and crown dieback in infected trees. The fungus was first scientifically described in 2006 under the name Chalara fraxinea. Four years later it was discovered that Chalara fraxinea is the asexual (anamorphic) stage of a fungus that was subsequently named Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus and then renamed as Hymenoscyphus fraxineus.

The first recognised report of this disease was in 1992 after a large number of ash trees had died in Poland. The disease is now widespread in Europe, with up to 85% mortality rates recorded in plantations and 69% in woodlands. It is closely related to a native fungus Hymenoscyphus albidus, which is harmless to European ash trees.
A 2016 report published in the Journal of Ecology posited that a combination of H. fraxineus and emerald ash borer attacks could result in the extinction of European ash trees.

Hymenoscyphus albidus
Hymenoscyphus albidus is a saprotrophic fungus which grows on the dead leaves of ash trees.

Hymenoscyphus albidus has been known from Europe since 1851 and is not regarded as pathogenic. It is distinct from, but closely resembles, the pathogenic fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (formerly known as Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus). Although Hymenoscyphus albidus is "morphologically virtually identical" to Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, there are substantial genetic differences between the two species.
Michael Roach (footballer)
Michael Terrence Roach (born 9 October 1958) is a former Australian rules football player who represented Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL) from 1977 to 1989.

Remembered for his long, accurate kicking for goal and strong marking, for a brief period Roach was the best forward in Australian football. The second of four key forwards recruited by Richmond from Tasmania (the others being Royce Hart, Matthew Richardson and Jack Riewoldt), Roach was an enormously popular player whose career did not quite live up to expectation because of injury and constant shuffling of his position by the club. Nevertheless, he achieved many honours in the game and became one of the first players from Tasmania to play 200 VFL games.

Royce Hart
Royce Desmond Hart (born 10 February 1948) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Richmond Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Regarded as one of the greatest centre half-forwards to ever play Australian rules football, Hart was a supremely gifted and courageous player with superb pack marking skills, with a trademark of leaping in from the side, and a penetrating left-foot kick. Hart was an inaugural member of the Australian Football Hall of Fame, and was elevated to Legend status in 2013.
Long Liturgy
The Long Liturgy is a framework, which interprets the main Zoroastrian liturgies, like the Yasna, the Visperad and the Videvdad,  as variants of a single liturgical structure. This structure is furthermore seen as the primary ritual of Zoroastrianism originating already during Old Iranian times.

Yasht i Visperad abag Videvdad
The Yasht i Visperad abag Videvdad, or simply Videvdad, is an important Zoroastrian liturgy. It is one of the main variants of the Long Liturgy and consists of the Yasht i Visperad into which the text of the Videvdad is intercalated.
Bohemian Watten
Bohemian Watten, sometimes called Bohemian Ramsen, is a trick-taking card game for two to four players. In fact, Bohemian Watten bears more resemblance to Zwanzig ab, Ramsen and Schnalzen than Watten itself.

Zwanzig ab
Zwanzig ab, 20 ab or simply Zwanzig is card game for four players. It is a member of the Rams family in which the key feature is that players may choose to drop out of the game if they believe their hand is not strong enough to take a minimum number of tricks. It appears to be a recent, internet-propagated variant of Schnalzen or Bohemian Watten. However, the latter has a natural card ranking, is played with double German cards and a Weli, has no exchanging and has a different scoring system. It is suitable for children from 8 upwards. It may be related from Fünf dazu! which is a simpler game described by Gööck in 1967 that has neither trumps nor the option to drop out.
President of Somalia
The president of Somalia (Somali: Madaxaweynaha Soomaaliya) is the head of state of Somalia. The president is also commander-in-chief of the Somali Armed Forces. The president represents the Federal Republic of Somalia, and the unity of the Somali nation, as well as ensuring the implementation of the Constitution of Somalia and the organised and harmonious functioning of the organs of state. Currently, the president of Somalia is indirectly elected, chosen by the Federal Parliament of Somalia.

The office of the President of Somalia was established with the proclamation of the Republic of Somalia on 1 July 1960. The first president was Aden Abdullah Osman Daar, and the 10th office is currently held by Hassan Sheikh Mohamud.

Federal Government of Somalia
The Federal Government of Somalia (FGS; Somali: Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya, DFS; Arabic: الحكومة الفيدرالية الصومالية) is the internationally recognised government of Somalia, and the longest running attempt to create a central government in Somalia since the collapse of the Somali Democratic Republic in 1991. It replaced the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Somalia on 20 August 2012 with the adoption of the Constitution of Somalia.

It officially comprises the executive branch of government, with the parliament serving as the legislative branch. It is headed by the president of Somalia, to whom the Council of Ministers reports through the prime minister.

After the collapse of the Somali Democratic Republic in 1991, there were no relations between the government of Somalia and the Somaliland government, which declared itself an independent country.
27th Coast Artillery (United States)
The 27th Coast Artillery Battalion was  a Coast Artillery battalion in the United States Army. It was the garrison of the Harbor Defenses of Bermuda, part of the US Army's Bermuda Base Command, from February 1942 through June 1944. A predecessor unit in World War I was the 27th Artillery (Coast Artillery Corps), which existed briefly from October through December 1918.

Bermuda Base Command
The Bermuda Base Command was a command of the United States Army, established to defend the British Colony of Bermuda, located 640 miles off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. It was created in April 1941 when United States Army troops were sent to the island.
The Transmitters
The Transmitters were a British art rock/post-punk band active during the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s. Mixing elements of punk, jazz and psychedelia, the band were critical favourites throughout their lifetime and played support slots for a wide variety of underground and mainstream bands, although this did not translate into substantial commercial success.

The Transmitters are also notable for featuring future members of Loop Guru and Transglobal Underground and for sharing two members with cult pop band Furniture, as well as a guest stint by Glaxo Babies vocalist Rob Chapman. Their sound was compared to (among others) The Fall, XTC, Gang of Four, This Heat and Magazine.

(This band should not be confused with the other British indie band called The Transmitters, who are a more conventional indie rock band with an entirely different line-up, and were formed in 2006.)

Glaxo Babies
Glaxo Babies are a Bristol-based post-punk band, formed in late 1977. There were three distinct phases in the band's life and after initially breaking up in 1980, they reformed in 1985, only to finally break up again in 1990. The band reformed once again in 2015 for the Un-Peeled 2015 event with Steve Street on bass and Tony Wrafter's son Oscar on vocals.
Washoe people
The  Washoe or Waší:šiw are a Great Basin tribe of Native Americans, living near Lake Tahoe at the border between California and Nevada. Many Washoe people today are enrolled in the Washoe Tribe of Nevada & California, though some are enrolled in the Reno-Sparks Indian Colony and the Susanville Indian Rancheria. The Washoe language is a linguistic isolate.

Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California
The Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California are a federally recognized tribe of Washoe Indians, living in the U.S. states of California and Nevada. There are several Washoe communities south and east of Lake Tahoe united under a tribal council. The Washoe people own over 64,300 acres (26,000 ha) in public domain allotments (PDA); PDAs are land reserved out of the public domain for use by an Indian person or family, but unlike reservations, Tribal governments hold no jurisdiction over them. Nevertheless, PDAs are a consistent part of Indian Country.
Falster
Falster (Danish: [ˈfælˀstɐ]) is an island in south-eastern Denmark with an area of 486.2 km2 (187.7 sq mi) and 43,398 inhabitants as of 1 January 2010. Located in the Kattegat, Belts and Sound area, it is part of Region Zealand and is administered by Guldborgsund Municipality. Falster includes Denmark's southernmost point, Gedser Odde, near Gedser.

The largest town is Nykøbing Falster with over 40% of the island's inhabitants. Other towns include Stubbekøbing, Nørre Alslev and Gedser.

Falster has motor and railway links both to the larger island of Zealand to the north and to the island of Lolland to the south-west. These links also lead to the smaller islands of Masnedø and Farø. European route E47 links Copenhagen to Hamburg (Germany) via Falster.

Nykøbing Falster
Nykøbing Falster (IPA: [ˈnyˌkʰøˀpe̝ŋ ˈfælˀstɐ] ⓘ; originally named Nykøbing) is a city on the island of Falster in southern Denmark. It has a population of 16,682 (1 January 2025). Including the satellite town Sundby on the Lolland side, with a population of 3,246, the total population is 19,928.

Nykøbing Falster is the seat of the Guldborgsund kommune in Region Sjælland. The city lies on Falster, and is connected by the 295-metre-long (323 yd) Frederick IX Bridge over the Guldborgsund (Guldborg Strait) waterway to the island of Lolland.
Von Willebrand factor
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) (German: [fɔn ˈvɪləbʁant]) is a blood glycoprotein that promotes primary hemostasis, specifically, platelet adhesion. It is deficient and/or defective in von Willebrand disease and is involved in many other diseases, including thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, Heyde's syndrome, and possibly hemolytic–uremic syndrome. Increased plasma levels in many cardiovascular, neoplastic, metabolic (e.g. diabetes), and connective tissue diseases are presumed to arise from adverse changes to the endothelium, and may predict an increased risk of thrombosis.

Platelet adhesion is mainly mediated via interactions with VWF, which acts as a bridge between the platelet surface receptor glycoprotein Ib (GpIb) and the exposed collagen after vascular injury. Genetic deficiencies of VWF or GpIb (Bernard–Soulier syndrome) result in bleeding disorders.

Glycoprotein Ib
Glycoprotein Ib (GPIb), also known as CD42,
is a component of the GPIb-V-IX complex on platelets.  The GPIb-V-IX complex binds von Willebrand factor, allowing platelet adhesion and platelet plug formation at sites of vascular injury. Glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) is the major ligand-binding subunit of the GPIb-V-IX complex. GPIbα is heavily glycosylated.

It is deficient in the Bernard–Soulier syndrome. A gain-of-function mutation causes platelet-type von Willebrand disease.

Autoantibodies against Ib/IX can be produced in immune thrombocytopenic purpura.

Components include GP1BA and GP1BB.

It complexes with Glycoprotein IX.
Bharati Devi Ranga
Bharati Devi Gogineni, also known as Bharathi Devi and Bharati Devi Ranga (1908–1972), was an Indian freedom fighter and political figure. She participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1932, facing a year-long sentence. She is known for organizing women Satyagrahis and Harijan Day Celebrations, advocating for inter-caste marriages. Elected in 1958, she served as a Member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council. She was the spouse of farmer leader N. G. Ranga.

N. G. Ranga
Acharya Gogineni Ranga Nayukulu (7 November 1900 – 9 June 1995), also known as N. G. Ranga, was an Indian freedom fighter, classical liberal, parliamentarian and farmers' leader. He was the founding president of the Swatantra Party, and an exponent of the peasant philosophy. He received the Padma Vibhushan award for his contributions to the Peasant Movement. N.G. Ranga served in the Indian Parliament for six decades, from 1930 to 1991.
Galicia Courtyard
The Galicia Courtyard is a complex of several houses and yeshivas located on the rooftop level of the market in the Muslim Quarter of Jerusalem. It is adjacent to the Jewish Quarter above Chabad Street and west of the Reisin Courtyard. It is part of a larger complex that included dozens of apartments and two synagogues inhabited by Jews until 1936. It belonged partly to Yaakov Hirschensohn, father of Chaim Hirschensohn, and partly to Kollel Galicia. Today, four Jewish families live on the outskirts of the compound and their Yeshivat Aderet Eliyahu is located in the court's Excellent Zion Synagogue

Muslim Quarter (Jerusalem)
The Muslim Quarter (Arabic: حارة المسلمين, romanized: Ḥāraṫ al-Muslimīn; Hebrew: הרובע המוסלמי, romanized: Ha-Rovah ha-Muslemi) is one of the four sectors of the ancient, walled Old City of Jerusalem.  It covers 31 hectares (77 acres) of the northeastern sector of the Old City. The quarter is the largest and most populous of the four quarters and extends from the Lions' Gate in the east, along the northern wall of the Temple Mount in the south, to the Damascus Gate—Western Wall route in the west. The Via Dolorosa starts in this quarter, a path Jesus had to take when he was forced by Roman soldiers, on his way to his crucifixion.
The population of the Muslim Quarter was reported in 2012 as 22,000.