hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Loxodes
Loxodes is a genus  of karyorelictean ciliates, belonging to Loxodidae. It is the only known karyorelictean ciliate that lives in freshwater habitats. The genus is known for its distinctive morphology, including a relatively large, flattened body and unique nuclear structures. It is also known to exhibit fascinating behaviours, such as geotaxis and light sensitivity.

Karyorelictea
Karyorelictea is a class of ciliates in the subphylum Postciliodesmatophora. Most species are members of the microbenthos community, that is, microscopic organisms found in the marine interstitial habitat, though one genus, Loxodes, is found in freshwater.

The majority of karyorelict taxa have not been cultivated in the laboratory, although clonal lines of Loxodes have been developed.
Al-Qalam
The Pen (Arabic: القلم, al-qalam), or Nūn (Arabic: نٓ)  is the sixty-eighth chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 52 verses (āyāt). Quran 68 describes God's justice and the judgment day. Three notable themes of this Surah are its response to the opponents' objections, warning and admonition to the disbelievers, and exhortation of patience to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Chronologically, this was the first appearance of any of the "disjointed" [i.e., single] letters (muqattaat) which precede a number of the surahs of the Qur'an, while in Quranic order this is the last surah to have the appearance of muqattaat.

Muqattaʿat
The mysterious letters (muqaṭṭaʿāt, Arabic: حُرُوف مُقَطَّعَات ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿāt, "disjoined letters" or "disconnected letters") are combinations of between one and five Arabic letters that appear at the beginning of 29 out of the 114 chapters (surahs) of the Quran just after the Bismillāh Islamic phrase. The letters are also known as fawātiḥ (فَوَاتِح) or "openers" as they form the opening verse of their respective surahs.

Four (or five) chapters are named for their muqaṭṭaʿāt: Ṭā-Hā, Yā-Sīn, Ṣād, Qāf, and sometimes Nūn.
Batman: Resurrection
Batman: Resurrection is an American superhero novel written by John Jackson Miller. The novel is set in Tim Burton's Batman film series, taking place in-between Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992), exploring the aftermath of The Joker's death and Bruce Wayne / Batman's obsessive need to protect Gotham City while investigating a major mystery. The story introduces the characters of Clayface and Hugo Strange. It was released on October 15, 2024, by Penguin Random House.

Bruce Wayne (1989 film series character)
Bruce Wayne, better known by his vigilante superhero alias Batman, is a fictional character who is featured as the main protagonist in Warner Bros.' initial Batman film series (1989–1997), and later as a supporting character in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU) film The Flash (2023). Based on the DC Comics character of the same name, he was portrayed by Michael Keaton in Tim Burton's Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1992), before being recast with Val Kilmer and George Clooney in Joel Schumacher's Batman Forever (1995) and Batman & Robin (1997) respectively.  Both Keaton and Clooney reprised their roles in The Flash, which retroactively incorporates versions of them into two alternate timelines of the DCEU's continuity. Keaton's portrayal of the character was critically acclaimed and influenced subsequent interpretations.
Cấm River
The Cấm River (Vietnamese: Sông Cấm) is a river in northern Vietnam. It is one of the shorter distributaries of the Thái Bình River but geographically important as Haiphong, Vietnam's second largest port is located on the banks of this river.

Haiphong
Haiphong or Hai Phong (Vietnamese: Hải Phòng, pronounced [hǎːj fɔ̀ŋ͡m] ⓘ) is the third-largest city in Vietnam and is the principal port city of the Red River Delta. The municipality has an area of 3,194.72 km2 (1,233.49 mi2). The city includes Bạch Long Vĩ and Cát Hải islands in the Gulf of Tonkin. It has a population of 4,664,124 in 2025.
Residue (complex analysis)
In mathematics, more specifically complex analysis, the residue of a function at a point of its domain is a complex number proportional to the contour integral of a meromorphic function along a path enclosing one of its singularities. (More generally, residues can be calculated for any function ⁠⁠ that is holomorphic except at the discrete points ⁠⁠, which may include essential singularities.) Residues are typically readily computed and, once known, allow the determination of general contour integrals via the residue theorem.

Contour integration
In the mathematical field of complex analysis, contour integration is a method of evaluating certain integrals along paths in the complex plane.

Contour integration is closely related to the calculus of residues, a method of complex analysis.

One use for contour integrals is the evaluation of integrals along the real line that are not readily found by using only real variable methods. It also has various applications in physics.

Contour integration methods include:

direct integration of a complex-valued function along a curve in the complex plane

application of the Cauchy integral formula

application of the residue theorem

One method can be used, or a combination of these methods, or various limiting processes, for the purpose of finding these integrals or sums.
Ysgol Gyfun Gymraeg Glantaf
Ysgol Gyfun Gymraeg Glantaf is a Welsh-medium coeducational secondary school in Llandaff North, a district in the north of Cardiff, Wales; it is the largest of its kind in the country. Of the three Welsh-medium secondary schools serving Cardiff, it was the first to be established; the others are Ysgol Gyfun Gymraeg Plasmawr and Ysgol Gyfun Gymraeg Bro Edern. As of 2017, 36% of pupils came from Welsh-speaking homes.

Ysgol Gyfun Gymraeg Plasmawr
Ysgol Gyfun Gymraeg Plasmawr is a Welsh-medium comprehensive secondary school in Cardiff. It opened in September 1998 as the second school of its kind in Cardiff. Its buildings had formerly belonged to Waterhall Secondary Modern School and more recently formed Ysgol Gyfun Gymraeg Glantaf's Lower School. The current headteacher is Dr Rhodri Thomas.
IPadOS 15
iPadOS 15 is the third major release of the iPadOS operating system developed by Apple for its iPad line of tablet computers. The successor to iPadOS 14, it was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) on June 7, 2021 along with iOS 15, macOS Monterey, watchOS 8, and tvOS 15. It was released to the public on September 20, 2021. It was succeeded by iPadOS 16, which was released on October 24, 2022.

iPadOS 15 is the final version of iPadOS that supports the iPad Air 2 and the iPad Mini 4.

IOS 15
iOS 15 is the fifteenth major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple for its iPhone and iPod Touch lines of products. It was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference on June 7, 2021, as the successor to iOS 14 and released to the public on September 20, 2021.

On June 6, 2022, at WWDC 2022, its successor, iOS 16, was announced. iOS 15 was officially succeeded by iOS 16 on September 12, 2022.

iOS 15 is the final version of iOS that supports the iPhone 6s & 6s Plus, first-generation iPhone SE, iPhone 7 & 7 Plus, and seventh-generation iPod Touch, as its successor, iOS 16, drops support for those models. This means that iOS 15 is the last version to support the iPod Touch. iOS 15 is also the final iOS version to support live wallpapers.
The Passenger (McCarthy novel)
The Passenger is a 2022 novel by the American writer Cormac McCarthy. It was released six weeks before its companion novel Stella Maris. The plot of both The Passenger and Stella Maris follows Bobby and Alicia Western, two siblings whose father helped develop the atomic bomb.

The Passenger was McCarthy's first novel since The Road, sixteen years prior. McCarthy had been writing The Passenger intermittently since 1980. It was generally well received by critics.

Stella Maris (novel)
Stella Maris is a 2022 novel by American writer Cormac McCarthy that was published on December 6, 2022. It is a companion novel to The Passenger. It was the final novel published before his death on June 13, 2023. It consists primarily of dialogue with little narration, exploring the nature of the protagonist's delusions and topics such as quantum mechanics and phenomenology.
Diego de Arana
Diego de Arana (1468 in Cordoba, Spain – 1493 in Haiti) was governor of the first documented Spanish settlement in the New World, at La Navidad.

He was a sailor of Castile who accompanied Christopher Columbus on his first voyage to America, where Arana was killed by natives.

Arana is described as a native of Córdoba in the journal of Columbus. The History of the Admiral by Ferdinand Columbus says Diego was the son of Rodrigo de Arana. He was a cousin of Beatriz Enriquez de Arana, who was the mistress of Christopher Columbus.

Beatriz Enríquez de Arana
Beatriz Enríquez de Arana (1465–1521?) was the mother of Ferdinand Columbus, Christopher Columbus's younger son. The nature of her relationship to Christopher Columbus has been a subject of dispute amongst historians. Some evidence suggests that she was the second wife to Columbus. Other evidence suggests that Beatriz was the mistress of Columbus. Columbus himself referred to Beatriz as his wife, and social conventions at the time would likely have prevented Ferdinand Columbus from receiving his royal appointment to the court of Spain if he were illegitimate. The Columbus family tree lists Ferdinand and Diego Columbus, Columbus's son from his first marriage, on the same branch, whereas illegitimate children are found to be separated in other parts of the tree.
Eiao monarch
The Eiao monarch (Pomarea fluxa) is an extinct species of bird in the family Monarchidae. The species is sometimes considered to have been conspecific with the Iphis monarch. It was endemic to French Polynesia. Its natural habitats were subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland.

The Eiao Monarch was last seen in 1977. The likely cause of extinction is thought to have been introduced predators (feral cats, black rats) however, other contributing factors may have included possible avian disease from introduced species (Chestnut-breasted Mannikin) and habitat loss caused by intensive grazing by introduced sheep.

Iphis monarch
The Iphis monarch (Pomarea iphis), or Ua Huka flycatcher, is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae.  It is endemic to French Polynesia.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, and plantations.
Sun Throne
The Sun Throne (Persian: تخت خورشید, romanized: Takht-e Khorshīd), also known as the Peacock Throne (Persian: تخت طاووس, romanized: Takht-e Tāvūs), is a Qajar era Imperial throne of Iran. A radiant sun disk on its headboard and Tavus Khanum, a consort of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, give the throne each of its names respectively. The throne has the shape of a platform, similar to the Marble Throne in Golestan Palace. The Naderi Throne was constructed later and has the appearance of a chair. Since 1980 it has been displayed at the Central Bank of Iran, as part of the Iranian National Jewels.

Iranian National Jewels
The Iranian National Jewels (Persian: جواهرات ملی ایران, romanized: Javāherāt-e Melli-ye Irān), originally the Iranian Crown Jewels (جواهرات سلطنتی ایران, Javāherāt-e Saltanati-ye Irān), include elaborate crowns, thirty tiaras, and numerous aigrettes, a dozen bejeweled swords and shields, a number of unset precious gems, numerous plates and other dining services cast in precious metals and encrusted with gems, and several other more unusual items (such as a large golden globe with the oceans made of emeralds) collected or worn by the Iranian monarchs from the 16th century (Safavid Iran) and on. The collection is housed at the Treasury of National Jewels, situated inside the Central Bank of Iran on Tehran's Ferdowsi Street.
Dick Tracy (serial)
Dick Tracy (1937) is a 15-chapter Republic movie serial starring Ralph Byrd based on the Dick Tracy comic strip by Chester Gould. It was directed by Alan James and Ray Taylor.

There were three sequels to this serial: Dick Tracy Returns (1938), Dick Tracy's G-Men (1939), and Dick Tracy vs. Crime, Inc. (1941).

Dick Tracy's G-Men
Dick Tracy's G-Men (1939) is a 15-Chapter Republic movie serial based on the Dick Tracy comic strip by Chester Gould. It was directed by William Witney and John English.

This serial was the fifteenth of the sixty-six produced by Republic, and the third Dick Tracy serial (there would be one more, Dick Tracy vs. Crime, Inc., in 1941). As with the other three Dick Tracy serials, Ralph Byrd plays the lead. This time he faces Irving Pichel as Zarnoff, the spy with a vendetta. Future Academy Award winner Jennifer Jones (credited here under her birth name of Phyllis Isley) co-stars as Gwen Andrews.

"G-Man" is a contemporary slang term for an agent of the FBI. In the comic strip, Dick Tracy is a detective in the police force of an unnamed Midwestern city resembling Chicago, but this was changed for the serial.
2025–26 Rangpur Riders season
The 2025–26 season is the 10th season so far for the Bangladesh Premier League franchise Rangpur Riders. They were one of the six teams that participated in the 2025–26 Bangladesh Premier League. They won the title only a single time in 2017–18 season. This franchise is owned by Toggi Sports.

2025–26 Bangladesh Premier League
2025–26 Bangladesh Premier League (BPL 2026)  was the 12th season of the Bangladesh Premier League, a professional Twenty20 cricket league in Bangladesh that is organised by the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB). The season commenced on 26 December 2025, and the final was held on 23 January 2026.
Rajshahi Warriors beat Chattogram Royals in the final by 63 runs and won their second title.
Pennsylvania Route 182
Pennsylvania Route 182 (PA 182) is a 6.7-mile-long (10.8 km) state highway located in York County, Pennsylvania. The western terminus is at PA 462 in West York.  The eastern terminus is at PA 74 in Spry. PA 182 is mostly a two-lane undivided road that runs through suburban and rural areas to the southwest of York. The route heads southeast from PA 462, turning east to come to an interchange with Interstate 83 (I-83). PA 182 continues east to its terminus at PA 74. The current alignment of the route was paved in the 1930s. PA 182 was designated in 1961, running between U.S. Route 30 (US 30, now PA 462) in West York and PA 74 in Spry.

Pennsylvania Route 74
Pennsylvania Route 74 (PA 74) is a 96.4-mile-long (155.1 km) north–south state highway located in central Pennsylvania. The southern terminus of the route is at the Mason–Dixon line southwest of Delta, where the road continues into Maryland as Maryland Route 165 (MD 165). The northern terminus is at PA 75 south of Port Royal.
Melpomene
Melpomene (/mɛlˈpɒmɪniː/; Ancient Greek: Μελπομένη, romanized: Melpoménē, lit. 'to sing' or 'the one that is melodious') is the Muse of tragedy in Greek mythology. She is described as the daughter of Zeus and Mnemosyne (and therefore of power and memory) along with the other Muses, and she is often portrayed with a tragic theatrical mask.

Muses
In ancient Greek religion and mythology, the Muses (Ancient Greek: Μοῦσαι, romanized: Moúsai, [ˈmuː.sai̯]; singular: Μοῦσα, Moúsa, [ˈmuː.sa]; Greek: Μούσες, romanized: Múses, [ˈmuː.ses]) were the inspirational goddesses of literature, science, and the arts. They were considered the source of the knowledge embodied in the poetry, lyric songs, and myths that were related orally for centuries in ancient Greek culture.

The number and names of the Muses differed by region, but from the Classical period the number of Muses was standardized to nine, and their names were generally given as Calliope, Clio, Polyhymnia, Euterpe, Terpsichore, Erato, Melpomene, Thalia, and Urania.

In modern figurative usage, a muse is a person who serves as someone's source of artistic inspiration.
Sumitada Moriguchi
Sumitada Moriguchi (森口 澄士, Moriguchi Sumitada; born December 29, 2001) is a Japanese pair skater. With partner Yuna Nagaoka, he is the 2026 Four Continents bronze medalist, the 2025 Asian Winter Games bronze medalist, the 2025 CS Kinoshita Group Cup bronze medalist, and a two-time Japanese national champion. He represented Japan at the 2026 Winter Olympics.

With former partner Haruna Murakami, he is the 2022 JGP Poland I bronze medalist and the 2022–23 Japan national champion on both the senior and junior levels.

Yuna Nagaoka
Yuna Nagaoka (長岡 柚奈, Nagaoka Yuna; born July 13, 2005) is a Japanese pair skater. With partner Sumitada Moriguchi, she is the 2026 Four Continents bronze medalist, the 2025 Asian Winter Games bronze medalist, the 2025 CS Kinoshita Group Cup bronze medalist, and a two-time Japanese national champion. She represented Japan at the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Russell Sage Foundation
The Russell Sage Foundation is an American non-profit organisation established by Margaret Olivia Sage in 1907 for “the improvement of social and living conditions in the United States.” It was named after her recently deceased husband, railroad executive Russell Sage. The foundation dedicates itself to strengthening the methods, data, and theoretical core of the social sciences to better understand societal problems and develop informed responses. It supports visiting scholars in residence and publishes books and a journal under its own imprint. It also funds researchers at other institutions and supports programs intended to develop new generations of social scientists. The foundation focuses on labor markets, immigration and ethnicity, and social inequality in the United States, as well as behavioral economics.

Margaret Olivia Slocum Sage
Margaret Olivia Slocum Sage, known as Olivia Sage (September 8, 1828 – November 4, 1918), was an American philanthropist known for her contributions to education and progressive causes.  In 1869 she became the second wife of industrialist Russell Sage. At his death in 1906, she inherited a fortune estimated at more than $63,000,000, to be used at her discretion.: 164

A former teacher, Sage strongly supported education, both with program and building grants to Syracuse and other universities.  She established the Russell Sage Foundation in 1907 and founded Russell Sage College in 1916, as well as endowing programs for women.

She was a close personal friend and mentor of Helen Miller Gould Shepard, another prominent philanthropist of the time.
Peter Rehberg
Peter Rehberg (29 June 1968 – 22 July 2021), also known as Pita, was a British-Austrian composer of electronic audio works.  He was the head of Editions Mego, which he founded in 2006 as a successor to Mego.

Editions Mego
Editions Mego is an experimental electronic music independent record label founded in 1994 as Mego in Vienna, Austria. The label was renamed in 2006 as a new company, set up both to keep the Mego albums in print and to issue new albums, and was run by Peter Rehberg a.k.a. Pita. The label has released over 400 records in 30 years of activity.
Hinduism in the West Indies
Hinduism is the leading single religion of the Indo-Caribbean communities of the West Indies. Hindus are particularly well represented in Guyana, Suriname, Guadeloupe and Trinidad and Tobago. The Cayman Islands also hosts a sizable Hindu population, with 2.4 percent of the country affiliating with the religion. Smaller groups of Indo-Caribbeans live elsewhere in the Caribbean, especially Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Belize, Martinique, Barbados, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Lucia, and Bahamas.

Hinduism in Trinidad and Tobago
Hinduism in Trinidad and Tobago is the second largest religion. Hindu culture arrived to Trinidad and Tobago in 1845, with the arrival of the first Indian indentured laborers, the overwhelming majority of which were Hindu. According to the 2011 census there were 240,100 declared Hindus in Trinidad and Tobago.
Stilpnochlora
Stilpnochlora is a genus of phaneropterine katydids in the family Tettigoniidae, native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Americas. There are about 15 described species in Stilpnochlora.

They are relatively large, leaf-like katydids that are mostly green, between 5 and 10 cm (2–4 in) long depending on exact species, and females generally reach a larger size than males of the same species; S. couloniana is the largest katydid in the United States (no other member of the tribe Steirodontini occurs north of Mexico or the Caribbean islands). Although some species in this genus have features that allow for relatively easy identification, several are very similar and can only be distinguished after a careful examination of certain morphological details (their distributions are often useful, too). As far as known, Stilpnochlora and all other members of the tribe Steirodontini are entirely herbivorous.

Phaneropterinae
The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae.  They are also known as false katydids or round-headed katydids.

The name Phaneropterinae is based upon the Old World genus Phaneroptera (type species P. falcata), meaning "visible wing"; this refers to the exposed tips of the inner wings seen in many species, although some genera, notably in the tribes Barbitistini and Odonturini have become brachypterous.
Nigerian cuisine
Nigerian cuisine consists of dishes or food items from the hundreds of Native African ethnic groups that comprise Nigeria. Like other West African cuisines, it uses spices and herbs with palm oil or groundnut oil to create deeply flavored sauces and soups.

Nigerian feasts can be colourful and lavish, while aromatic market and roadside snacks cooked on barbecues or fried in oil are in abundance and varied.

Tropical fruits such as watermelon, pineapple, coconut, banana, orange, papaya and mango are mostly consumed in Nigeria.

Nigerian cuisine, like many West African cuisines, is known for being savoury and spicy.

West African cuisine
West African cuisine encompasses a diverse range of foods that are split between its 16 countries. In West Africa, people buy groceries from markets, shops, stalls or supermarkets to make their meals. There are some families especially in rural places, that grow and raise their own food, in addition. Indigenous foods consist of a number of plant species and animals, and are important to in African cuisine. West african cuisine comes from crops with ancient origins to West africa, as well as introducted crops from other continents due to trade. Animal produce largely include farm animals, fishing, and some hunted ones by those who take part in that.

The history of West Africa also plays a large role in their cuisine and recipes, as interactions with different cultures (particularly the Arab world and later Europeans) over the centuries have introduced many ingredients that went on to become key components of the various national cuisines today.
Distributive numeral
In linguistics, a distributive numeral, or distributive number word, is a word that answers "how many times each?" or "how many at a time?", such as singly or doubly. They are contrasted with multipliers. In English, this part of speech is rarely used and much less recognized than cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers, but it is clearly distinguished and commonly used in Latin and several Romance languages, such as Romanian.

Ordinal numeral
In linguistics, ordinal numerals or ordinal number words are words representing position or rank in a sequential order; the order may be of size, importance, chronology, and so on (e.g., "third", "tertiary"). They differ from cardinal numerals, which represent quantity (e.g., "three") and other types of numerals.