hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ignacio Álvarez Thomas
José Ignacio Álvarez Thomas (15 February 1787 – 20 July 1857) was a Peruvian-born Argentine military officer, statesman and diplomat. He served as interim Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata between 6 May 1815 and 16 April 1816, in the transitional period following the fall of Carlos María de Alvear and prior to the acting directorship of Antonio González de Balcarce. He later held ministerial and diplomatic posts in Peru and Chile and lived in exile during the rule of Juan Manuel de Rosas.

Carlos María de Alvear
Carlos María de Alvear (25 October 1789 – 3 November 1852) was an Argentine soldier, statesman and diplomat who served as the second Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata from 9 January to 15 April 1815. He played a leading role in the capitulation of royalist-held Montevideo in June 1814 and later commanded the republican army in the Cisplatine War, winning the Battle of Ituzaingó (20 February 1827).
Nasi (Hebrew title)
Nasi (Hebrew: נָשִׂיא, romanized: nāśī) is a title meaning "prince" in Biblical Hebrew, "Prince [of the Sanhedrin]" in Mishnaic Hebrew. Certain great figures from Jewish history have the title, including Judah ha-Nasi, who was the chief redactor of the Mishnah as well as nasi of the Sanhedrin.

In Modern Hebrew, its meaning has changed to "president".

Judah ha-Nasi
Judah ha-Nasi (Hebrew: יְהוּדָה הַנָּשִׂיא‎, Yəhūḏā hanNāsīʾ‎; Yehudah HaNasi or Judah the Prince or Judah the President) or Judah I, known simply as Rebbi or Rabbi, was a second-century rabbi (a tanna of the fifth generation) and chief redactor and editor of the Mishnah. He lived from approximately 135 to 217 CE. He was a key leader of the Jewish community in Roman-occupied Judea after the Bar Kokhba revolt.
Restriction point
The restriction point (R), also known as the Start or G1/S checkpoint, is a cell cycle checkpoint in the G1 phase of the animal cell cycle at which the cell becomes "committed" to the cell cycle, and after which extracellular signals are no longer required to stimulate proliferation. The defining biochemical feature of the restriction point is the activation of G1/S- and S-phase cyclin-CDK complexes, which in turn phosphorylate proteins that initiate DNA replication, centrosome duplication, and other early cell cycle events. It is one of three main cell cycle checkpoints, the other two being the G2-M DNA damage checkpoint and the spindle checkpoint.

S phase
S phase (Synthesis phase) is the phase of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G1 phase and G2 phase. Since accurate duplication of the genome is critical to successful cell division, the processes that occur during S-phase are tightly regulated and widely conserved.
Melbourne Twins
The Melbourne Twins were a minor league baseball team based in Melbourne, Florida, that played in the 1964 and 1972 seasons. The Melbourne Twins  played as members of the Rookie level Cocoa Rookie League in 1964 and Florida East Coast League in 1972, with both leagues folding after one season of play. The Twins were a minor league affiliate of the Minnesota Twins in both seasons and won the 1964 league championship. Baseball Hall of Fame member Rod Carew played for the 1964 Melbourne Twins.

Florida East Coast League
The Florida East Coast League was the name of two American minor league baseball circuits based on the Atlantic coast of Florida. The first edition of the league operated as a Class D level league from 1940 to 1942. The league reformed for the 1972 season as a Rookie level league before folding.
Roper v. Simmons
Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 (2005), is a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court held that it is unconstitutional to impose capital punishment for crimes committed while under the age of 18. The 5–4 decision overruled Stanford v. Kentucky, in which the court had upheld execution of offenders at or above age 16, and overturned statutes in 19 states.

Stanford v. Kentucky
Stanford v. Kentucky, 492 U.S. 361 (1989), was a United States Supreme Court case that sanctioned the imposition of the death penalty on offenders who were at least 16 years of age at the time of the crime.  This decision came one year after Thompson v. Oklahoma, in which the Court had held that a 15-year-old offender could not be executed because to do so would constitute cruel and unusual punishment.
Fresh Records (US)
Fresh Records was a New York City-based independent record label that operated from 1985 to 1992. The label was a subsidiary of Sleeping Bag Records that sold hip hop music. The label's roster included EPMD, Nice & Smooth, Just-Ice and T La Rock; house-music pioneer Todd Terry; and electro artists Hanson & Davis and Chocolette.

Kurtis Mantronik, in addition to being the musician of the hip-hop duo Mantronix (signed to the parent label Sleeping Bag Records), did A&R for both labels.

EPMD rhymed about its record-signing experience with the label in the song "Please Listen to My Demo", from the 1989 album Unfinished Business ("Signed on the dotted line, now we Fresh Records members.").

Sleeping Bag Records
Sleeping Bag Records was a New York City-based independent record label founded by musician Arthur Russell and entrepreneur Will Socolov. It was active between 1981 and 1992, and specialized in dance music and hip hop.
Funk transform
In the mathematical field of integral geometry, the Funk transform (also known as Minkowski–Funk transform, Funk–Radon transform or spherical Radon transform) is an integral transform defined by integrating a function on great circles of the sphere.  It was introduced by Paul Funk in 1911, based on the work of Minkowski (1904).  It is closely related to the Radon transform.  The original motivation for studying the Funk transform was to describe Zoll metrics on the sphere.

Radon transform
In mathematics, the Radon transform is the integral transform which takes a function f defined on the plane to a function Rf defined on the (two-dimensional) space of lines in the plane, whose value at a particular line is equal to the line integral of the function over that line. The transform was introduced in 1917 by Johann Radon, who also provided a formula for the inverse transform. Radon further included formulas for the transform in three dimensions, in which the integral is taken over planes (integrating over lines is known as the X-ray transform). It was later generalized to higher-dimensional Euclidean spaces and more broadly in the context of integral geometry. The complex analogue of the Radon transform is known as the Penrose transform. The Radon transform is widely applicable to tomography, the creation of an image from the projection data associated with cross-sectional scans of an object.
West Harptree
West Harptree is a small village and civil parish in the Chew Valley, Somerset within the unitary district of Bath and North East Somerset. The parish has a population of 439.

The village is 13 miles (20.9 km) south of Bristol, 15 miles (24.1 km) southwest of Bath and 17 miles (27 km) east of Weston-super-Mare. The village has a pub and several shops including a post office. With its close neighbour East Harptree the villages are collectively known as the Harptrees.

East Harptree
East Harptree is a village and civil parish in Somerset, England. It is situated 5 miles (8.0 km) north of Wells and 15 miles (24.1 km) south of Bristol, on the northern slope of the Mendip Hills overlooking the Chew Valley. The parish has a population of 644. The parish includes the hamlet of Coley.
KORN-FM
KORN-FM (92.1 FM, "KORN Country 92.1"), is a country music radio station with its studio based in Mitchell, South Dakota. Its license is assigned to Parkston, South Dakota, and its transmitter and antenna tower are located in Huron, South Dakota. The station serves the Mitchell, South Dakota Micropolitan Statistical Area, and the Huron, South Dakota areas (which combined create the Mitchell-Huron media region). The station is owned by Nancy and Steve Nedved, through licensee Nedved Media, LLC. KORN-FM plays a mainstream country format, in a similar format to its Top 40 rock/pop sister KQRN (Q107.3).

KQRN
KQRN (107.3 FM, "Q107.3") is a radio station licensed in Mitchell, South Dakota, which serves the Mitchell, South Dakota Micropolitan Statistical Area, and Huron areas (which make up the Mitchell-Huron media market). The station is owned by Nancy and Steve Nedved, through licensee Nedved Media, LLC. It airs an adult hits and a top 40 rock and pop music format.

The station was assigned the KQRN call letters by the Federal Communications Commission.
Fukuyama Transporting
Fukuyama Transporting (福山通運, Fukuyama tsūun) is a Kintetsu Group shipping company whose headquarters is in Higashi-Fukatsucho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima. It is listed on the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange. It is in a joint partnership with Hitachi Transport System, and deals in parcel shipping and moving.

Kintetsu Group Holdings
Kintetsu Group Holdings Co., Ltd. (近鉄グループホールディングス株式会社, Kintetsu gurūpu hōrudeingusu kabushiki gaisha), referred to as Kintetsu GHD (近鉄GHD), is a Japanese railway holding company which primarily owns the Kintetsu Railway as well as Kintetsu World Express, Kintetsu Department Store, and its other 141 corporations, which are collectively known as Kintetsu Group.

Its subsidiaries operates tourism, real estate, and shipping companies, and has a major rail car-building operation Kinki Sharyo which produces trains used in Japan, the United States, Egypt and Hong Kong.
154th Training Squadron
The 154th Training Squadron (154th TRS) is a unit of the Arkansas Air National Guard 189th Airlift Wing.  It is assigned to Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas and is equipped with the C-130H Hercules aircraft.

The squadron is a descendant organization of the World War I 154th Aero Squadron, established on 8 December 1917. It was reformed on 24 October 1925, as the 154th Observation Squadron, and is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.

189th Airlift Wing
The 189th Airlift Wing is a unit of the Arkansas Air National Guard, stationed at Little Rock Air Force Base, Arkansas. If activated to federal service, it is gained by the United States Air Force Air Education and Training Command.

The 154th Training Squadron, assigned to the Wings 189th Operations Group, is a descendant organization of the World War I 154th Aero Squadron, established on 8 December 1917. It was reformed on 24 October 1925 as the 154th Observation Squadron, and is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.
Round Lake (Clark County, Washington)
Round Lake is a small lake in Camas, Washington, U.S. The lake is connected at its north-west tip to Lacamas Lake and is accessed from Lacamas Park. The park includes a trail that goes entirely around Round Lake, and across the approximately 75-foot (23 m) dam that controls the level of Lacamas Lake and Round Lake. The lake has rainbow trout, brown trout, bluegill and smallmouth bass.

Camas, Washington
Camas /ˈkæməs/ is a city in Clark County, Washington, with a population of 26,065 at the 2020 census. The east side of town borders the city of Washougal, Washington, and the west side of town borders Vancouver, Washington. Camas lies along the Washington side of the Columbia River, across from Troutdale, Oregon, and is part of the Portland metropolitan area.

One of the major geographical features of the city is Prune Hill.  Prune Hill is an extinct volcanic vent and is part of the Boring Lava Field of northwest Oregon and southwest Washington.
Mired bin Ra'ad
Prince Mired bin Ra'ad bin Zeid Al-Hussein (Arabic: مرعد بن رعد بن زيد; born June 11, 1965, in Amman, Jordan) is the second son of Prince Ra'ad bin Zeid, head of the royal houses of Iraq and Syria, and his Swedish-born wife, Margaretha Inga Elisabeth Lind, known post-marriage as Majda Ra'ad. On February 28, 2021, a Royal Decree has been issued appointing him as chief royal councillor and Deputy Chief of the Royal Hashemite Court.

Prince Mired has dedicated his life to public service. Since 2014, he has led Jordan’s Higher Council for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, ensuring compliance with the CRPD. He also serves as President of the National Committee for Demining and Rehabilitation. In 2008, he chaired the Eighth Meeting of the States Parties to the Ottawa Treaty and has since continued as a Special Envoy for the Mine Ban Treaty, promoting global landmine bans in countries like Laos, the U.S., China, and South Korea.

Majda Ra'ad
Princess Majda Ra'ad (Arabic: ماجدة رعد; born Margaretha Inga Elisabeth Lind; 5 September 1942 – 3 January 2025) was a Swedish-born Jordanian member of the Hashemite House who was the wife of Prince Ra'ad bin Zeid, the current pretender to the defunct Kingdom of Iraq and Syria and the Lord Chamberlain of Jordan. She was a Jordanian princess by marriage and a member of the House of Hashem.
Ganges Island
Ganges Island, a phantom island known as Nakanotorishima (中ノ鳥島 or 中鳥島, literally "central bird island") in Japanese, appeared at 30°45′N 154°25′E﻿ / ﻿30.750°N 154.417°E﻿ / 30.750; 154.417 on maps of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  Reports of its disappearance appeared in 1933.

The purported island was considered a part of an Anson Archipelago, which included other phantom islands such as Los Jardines as well as real islands such as Wake and Marcus Islands.

Anson Archipelago
The Anson Archipelago was a designation for a widely scattered group of purported islands in the Western North Pacific Ocean between Japan and Hawaii. The group was supposed to include Wake Island and Marcus Island, as well as many phantom islands such as Los Jardines, Ganges Island, Rica de Oro, and Rica de Plata (the latter two sometimes referred to as Roca de Oro and Roca de Plata).  The archipelago was named after George Anson, who seized Spanish navigational charts of these waters during his voyage around the world.

As time passed, it turned out there were   no islands west of Kure Atoll (Ocean Island until the 1920s) until reaching Japan. To the east and north of what was alleged to be Anson is the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain, the eastern portion of which form the real Hawaiian island chain.
Yas Waterworld Abu Dhabi
Yas Waterworld Abu Dhabi is an Emirati-themed waterpark located on Yas Island in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, that is  home to 45 rides, slides, and attractions, and various seasonal events and shows. The waterpark is just minutes away from Ferrari World Abu Dhabi, Warner Bros. World Abu Dhabi, and CLYMB Abu Dhabi.

Set across approximately 15 hectares of land, the waterpark was developed by Aldar Properties and supported by Blackburn Share Holdings. Yas Waterworld is managed and operated by Abu Dhabi–based Miral Asset Management LLC.

The waterpark has played host to the World Flowboarding Championships since 2013 and it offers special training sessions to learn to ride the waves on body boards called Yas Flow League.

Ferrari World
Ferrari World Abu Dhabi  (Arabic: عالم فيراري أبوظبي) is a mostly indoors theme park located on Yas Island in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. It is the world's first Ferrari-themed park and is the home of Formula Rossa, which held the record for the world’s fastest roller coaster from 2010 till the opening of Falcons Flight

The foundation stone for the park was laid on 3 November 2007. Developed by Aldar Properties and constructed by BESIX Group subsidiary Six Construct, it took three years to develop the park until it was officially opened to the public on 4 November 2010. Ferrari World is part of the larger Yas Island entertainment complex, which includes other attractions like Yas Waterworld, Warner Bros. World Abu Dhabi, and the Yas Marina Circuit.

The most recent roller coaster to open is Mission Ferrari, which opened to the public in January 2023.
Here We Go Round the Mulberry Bush
"Here We Go Round the Mulberry Bush" (also titled "Mulberry Bush" or "This Is the Way") is an English nursery rhyme and singing game. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 7882. It uses the tune which Nancy Dawson danced into fame in The Beggar's Opera in mid-1700s London. The same tune is also used for "Lazy Mary, Will You Get Up" and "Nuts in May". A variant is used for "The Wheels on the Bus".

Nuts in May (rhyme)
"Nuts in May" is a singing game played by children with the aim of pairing a boy and girl from within two teams of participants. It was first recorded in the second half of the 19th century and has Roud Folk Song Index 6308.
Rivière des Sept Ponts
The rivière des Sept Ponts (English: river of the seven bridges) is a tributary of the rivière du Berger flowing in the sectors of Beauport and Charlesbourg,  in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

The upper part of the valley of the Sept Ponts river does not have a road. Its lower part, downstream from Lac Bégon, is located mainly in urban areas and is mainly served by Boulevard Henri-Bourassa, Rue Sophia Melvin and Rue des Nations Est.

The surface of the Sept Ponts river (except the rapids areas) is generally frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March; however, safe circulation on the ice is generally done from the end of December to the beginning of March. The water level of the river varies with the seasons and the precipitation; the spring flood occurs in March or April.

Rivière du Berger
The Rivière du Berger is a tributary of the Saint-Charles River located in Quebec, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in the province of Quebec, in Canada. It is 18.4 km long.

The Berger river valley is served (from upstream to downstream) by boulevard Central, boulevard Lebourgneuf, rue de la Rive Boisée Nord, boulevard Robert-Bourassa, avenue Chauveau, boulevard Bastien, rue Élisabeth-II, rue du Pomerol, rue de Jurançon, rue du Daim and rue Saint-Alexandre.

The surface of the Berger River (except the rapids areas) is generally frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March; however, safe circulation on the ice is generally done from the end of December to the beginning of March. The water level of the river varies with the seasons and the precipitation; the spring flood occurs in March or April.
Data type
In computer science and computer programming, a data type (or simply type) is a collection or grouping of data values, usually specified by a set of possible values, a set of allowed operations on these values, and/or a representation of these values as machine types. A data type specification in a program constrains the possible values that an expression, such as a variable or a function call, might take. On literal data, it tells the compiler or interpreter how the programmer intends to use the data. Most programming languages support basic data types of integer numbers (of varying sizes), floating-point numbers (which approximate real numbers), characters and Booleans.

Value (computer science)
In computer science and software programming, a value is the representation of some entity that can be manipulated by a program. The members of a type are the values of that type.

The "value of a variable" is given by the corresponding mapping in the environment. In languages with assignable variables, it becomes necessary to distinguish between the r-value (or contents) and the l-value (or location) of a variable.

In declarative (high-level) languages, values have to be referentially transparent. This means that the resulting value is independent of the location of the expression needed to compute the value. Only the contents of the location (the bits, whether they are 1 or 0) and their interpretation are significant.
Adelperga
Adelperga (born c. 740 – died after 787) was a Lombard noblewoman, Duchess of Benevento by marriage to Arechis II of Benevento. She acted as regent of Benevento for her son Grimoald in 787-788. She was the third of four daughters of Desiderius, King of the Lombards, and his wife Ansa. Her elder sister Desiderata was a wife of Charlemagne.

Ansa, Queen of the Lombards
Ansa (died after 774) was a noblewoman who became the Queen of the Lombards in 756 and reigned until their fall to the Franks in 774 AD. She, like other Medieval Queens at the time, played a significant role in the stability and preservation of the later Lombard Kingdom, particularly through her religious contributions, donations, and political relationships with neighboring Kingdoms. She reigned alongside her husband, King Desiderius, in Northern Italy. She lived her final years exiled to a monastery until her death.
Maurice Quinlivan
Maurice Quinlivan (born 1967/1968) is an Irish Sinn Féin politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Limerick City constituency since the 2016 general election. He was appointed Chair of the Committee on Enterprise, Trade and Employment in September 2020. He was chosen as Sinn Féin's nominee for Mayor of Limerick, at the 2024 election.

He gained prominence for being libelled by Willie O'Dea, while O'Dea was Minister for Defence.

Willie O'Dea
William Gerard O'Dea (/ˈdi/ DEE; born 1 November 1952) is an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Limerick City constituency since 2011, and previously from 1982 to 2011 for the Limerick East constituency. He has served as Minister for Defence from 2004 to 2010, and was a Minister of State in different departments from 1992 to 1994, and again from 1997 to 2004.
Principality of Fürstenberg
Fürstenberg was a county (German: Grafschaft), and later a principality (Fürstentum), of the Holy Roman Empire in Swabia, which was located in present-day southern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Its ruling family was the House of Fürstenberg.

House of Fürstenberg (Swabia)
The House of Fürstenberg (German pronunciation: [ˈfʏʁstn̩ˌbɛʁk] ⓘ; Fürstenhaus zu Fürstenberg) was an influential Swabian noble family in Germany, based primarily in what is today southern Baden-Württemberg near the source of the Danube river. Numerous members of the family have risen to prominence over the centuries as soldiers, churchmen, diplomats, and academics. Sometimes the name is transcribed as von Fürstenberg, gallicized as de Furstenberg or anglicized as Furstenberg.
Vejlby-Risskov Idrætscenter
Vejlby-Risskov Idrætscenter ("Vejlby-Risskov Sports Centre") is a sports complex located in Aarhus, Denmark. It is the largest of its kind in East Jutland. The complex is situated in the district of Vejlby-Risskov in the northern part of Aarhus. Its central parts consist of Vejlby Stadium, home ground of association football club VSK Aarhus, and Vejlby-Risskov Hallen, the home of basketball team Bakken Bears.

Vejlby Stadium
Vejlby Stadium also known as Pistolero Park (Danish: Vejlby Stadion) is an association football facility in Risskov, Denmark. It is the home stadium of 3rd Division club VSK Aarhus which is a merger between the former tenants of the stadium, IK Skovbakken and Vejlby IK. Constructed in 1969, it is part of the sports complex, known as Vejlby-Risskov Sports Centre (Danish: Vejlby-Risskov Idrætscenter), owned by Aarhus Municipality.

Record attendance at Vejlby Stadium occurred on 7 September 1978, when IK Skovbakken faced local rivals AGF in the Danish Superliga, then called 1st Division. 11,763 spectators saw the home team lose 2–4.
Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps
Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps (QARANC; known as the QAs) was the nursing branch of the British Army Medical Services.

In November 2024, the corps was amalgamated with the Royal Army Medical Corps and Royal Army Dental Corps to form the Royal Army Medical Service.

Royal Army Medical Service
The Royal Army Medical Service (RAMS) is a specialist corps in the British Army, formed on 15 November 2024, which provides health services, including medicine, nursing and dentistry to military personnel in war and in peace.

The Service was formed from the amalgamation of the Royal Army Medical Corps, Royal Army Dental Corps, and Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps.