hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
S. Subramania Iyer
Sir Subbier Subramania Iyer KCIE (Tamil: சுப்பையர் சுப்பிரமணிய ஐயர்; 1 October 1842 – 5 December 1924) was an Indian lawyer, jurist and freedom fighter who, along with Annie Besant, founded the Indian Home Rule Movement. He was popularly known as the "Grand Old Man of South India".

On completion of his schooling in Madurai, Subramania Iyer qualified as a lawyer and went on to practice as a lawyer in Madurai and Madras, before being appointed a judge of the Madras High Court, in 1891. He also served as the first Indian Chief Justice of the Madras High Court, before retiring in 1907.

Indian Home Rule movement
The Indian Home Rule movement was a movement in British India on the lines of the Irish Home Rule movement and other home rule movements. The movement lasted around two years between 1916–1918 and is believed to have set the stage for the Indian independence movement under the leadership of Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak to the educated English-speaking upper class Indians. In 1920, All India Home Rule League changed its name to Swarajya Sabha.
London Trained Bands
The London Trained Bands (LTBs) were a part-time military force in the City of London from 1559 until they were reconstituted as conventional Militia regiments in 1794. They were periodically embodied for home defence, for example in the army mustered at Tilbury during the Armada Campaign of 1588. They saw a great deal of active service during the English Civil War, including the First and Second Battles of Newbury, and the battles of Alton, Cheriton, Cropredy Bridge and Lostwithiel. Throughout their history they were used to suppress civil disorder and insurrection around the capital.

Battle of Cheriton
The Battle of Cheriton of 29 March 1644 was an important Parliamentarian victory during the First English Civil War. Sir William Waller's "Army of the Southern Association" defeated a Royalist force jointly commanded by the Earl of Forth and Sir Ralph Hopton. Defeat ended Royalist hopes of retaking South East England and forced them onto the defensive for the rest of 1644.

Although less well known than the Battle of Marston Moor, in his "History of the Rebellion" senior Royalist advisor Clarendon considered Cheriton an equally disastrous defeat.
Esquire (magazine)
Esquire is an American men's magazine. Currently published in the United States by Hearst, it also has more than 20 international editions.

Founded in 1933, it flourished during the Great Depression and World War II under the guidance of founders Arnold Gingrich, David A. Smart, and Henry L. Jackson while during the 1960s it pioneered the New Journalism movement. After a period of quick and drastic decline during the 1990s, the magazine revamped itself as a lifestyle-heavy publication under the direction of David Granger.

Arnold Gingrich
Arnold W. Gingrich (December 5, 1903 – July 9, 1976) was the editor of, and, along with publisher David A. Smart and Henry L. Jackson, co-founder of Esquire magazine. Among his other projects was the political/newsmagazine Ken.
Bygland
Bygland is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Setesdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bygland. Other villages in the municipality include Åraksbø, Austad, Byglandsfjord, Grendi, Langeid, Lauvdal, Litveit, Longerak, Moi, Ose, Sandnes, Skåmedal, and Tveit. The Norwegian National Road 9 runs through the municipality, following the river Otra where most of the population of Bygland lives.

The 1,312-square-kilometre (507 sq mi) municipality is the 76th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Bygland is the 323rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,136. The municipality's population density is 1 inhabitant per square kilometre (2.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.

Bygland (village)
Bygland is the administrative centre of Bygland municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the eastern shore of the lake Byglandsfjorden, near the northern end of the lake. The village lies along the Norwegian National Road 9, about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) north of the village of Lauvdal and about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southeast of the village of Skåmedal. The village is the site of the municipal government, old-age home, medical clinic, and Bygland Church. There is a private Christian high school, KVS Bygland, that is located in this village.
St. Joseph, Minnesota
St. Joseph or Saint Joseph is a city in Stearns County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 7,029 at the 2020 census. It is home to the College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University.

St. Joseph is part of the St. Cloud metropolitan area. The unincorporated Florida community of St. Joseph, Florida, is named after the Minnesota city.

College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University
The College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University (CSBSJU) are two closely related private, Benedictine liberal arts colleges in Minnesota. The College of Saint Benedict is a college for women in St. Joseph and Saint John's University is a university for men in Collegeville. Students at the institutions have a shared curriculum and access to the resources of both campuses. Together, the College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University offer over 70 areas of study to undergraduate students, plus graduate programs in nursing and theology.
Eins, Zwei, Polizei
"Eins, Zwei, Polizei" (English: "One, Two, Police") is a song co-written and recorded by Italian dance musician Mo-Do (a.k.a. Fabio Frittelli) and released in 1994, by label Expanded Music, as the debut single from his first and only album, Was Ist Das? (1995). The song got its inspiration from "Der Kommissar" by Austrian singer Falco and "Da Da Da" by German band Trio, both released in the early 1980s. It was co-produced by Claudio Zennaro and Fulvio Zafret, and achieved great success in many European countries. "Eins, Zwei, Polizei" reached the number-one position in Austria, Germany and Italy. Giuseppe Capotondi directed the accompanying music video. The song has been remixed and re-released several times. In 1995, it was remixed by DJ XTC of Chile, in 2000, it was re-released in a remix by Maurizio Ferrara, in 2008 with remixes by German DJ Blutonium Boy and Floorfilla, and in 2019, the song was reworked by Dutch-Turkish DJ Ummet Ozcan.

Mo-Do
Fabio Frittelli (24 July 1966 – 6 February 2013), better known by his pseudonym Mo-Do, was an Italian musician. Mo-Do appeared in the 1990s as an Italian electronic music act. Although Mo-Do was Italian, his songs were in German.
South Derbyshire
South Derbyshire is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. The district covers the towns of Melbourne and Swadlincote as well as numerous villages and hamlets such as Hilton, Hatton, Etwall, Aston-on-Trent, Repton, Weston-on-Trent and Willington. About a third of the National Forest lies within the district.

The neighbouring districts are Derbyshire Dales, Amber Valley, Derby, Erewash, North West Leicestershire, Lichfield and East Staffordshire.

Weston-on-Trent
Weston-on-Trent is a village and civil parish in the South Derbyshire district of Derbyshire. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 1,239. It is to the north of the River Trent and the Trent and Mersey Canal. Nearby places include Aston-on-Trent, Barrow upon Trent, Castle Donington and Swarkestone.
Lysophospholipid receptor
The lysophospholipid receptor (LPL-R) group are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family of  integral membrane proteins that are important for lipid signaling.  In humans, there are eleven LPL receptors, each encoded by a separate gene.  These LPL receptor genes are also sometimes referred to as "Edg" (an acronym for endothelial differentiation gene).

Lipid signaling
Lipid signaling, broadly defined, refers to any biological cell signaling event involving a lipid messenger that binds a protein target, such as a receptor, kinase or phosphatase, which in turn mediate the effects of these lipids on specific cellular responses. Lipid signaling is thought to be qualitatively different from other classical signaling paradigms (such as monoamine neurotransmission) because lipids can freely diffuse through membranes (see osmosis). One consequence of this is that lipid messengers cannot be stored in vesicles prior to release and so are often biosynthesized "on demand" at their intended site of action. As such, many lipid signaling molecules cannot circulate freely in solution but, rather, exist bound to special carrier proteins in serum.
Waco C-72
C-72 was a blanket designation given to a variety of privately owned Waco enclosed-cabin biplanes pressed into service by the United States Army Air Forces in 1942. In all, 42 aircraft were taken and used for light transport duty wherever needed.

Waco Custom Cabin series
The Waco Custom Cabins were a series of up-market single-engined four-to-five-seat cabin sesquiplanes of the late 1930s produced by the Waco Aircraft Company of the United States. "Custom Cabin" was Waco's own description of the aircraft which despite minor differences, were all fabric-covered biplanes.
National Geographical Organization of Iran
The National Geographical Organization of Iran or National Geographical Organization of the Armed Forces of Iran (Persian: سازمان جغرافیایی ایران, or Persian: سازمان جغرافیایی نیروهای مسلح) is an Iranian government agency affiliated to the Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics of Iran, which has been established to prepare quick and accurate access spatial information of the country and other areas required by the Armed Forces of Iran.

National Cartographic Center of Iran
The National Cartography Center of Iran (NCCC, Persian: سازمان نقشه برداری کشور) is the main organization for cartography in Iran. 
It is administered and funded by the Government of Iran, as part of the Plan and Budget Organization.
The NCC was established in 1953.
Oh My God (Guns N' Roses song)
"Oh My God" is a song by Guns N' Roses released in 1999 on the soundtrack to the film End of Days.  The song was sent to radio stations in November 1999 as a promo for the soundtrack and the band.  Despite being the band's first recorded release in almost five years, it was never issued as a stand-alone single for public retail. The song was written as the band was recording music for Chinese Democracy.

End of Days (film)
End of Days is a 1999 American action horror film directed by Peter Hyams and written by Andrew W. Marlowe. It stars Arnold Schwarzenegger, with Gabriel Byrne, Robin Tunney, Kevin Pollak, Rod Steiger, CCH Pounder, Derrick O'Connor, Miriam Margolyes, and Udo Kier in supporting roles. The film follows former New York Police Department detective Jericho Cane (Schwarzenegger) who, after he saves a banker (Byrne) from an assassin, finds himself embroiled in a religious conflict and must protect an innocent young woman (Tunney) who is chosen by evil forces to conceive the Antichrist with Satan.

The film was released by Universal Pictures in North America on November 24, 1999, and received largely negative reviews, but was a box office success grossing $212 million worldwide.
Alexander Home, 3rd Lord Home
Alexander Home, 3rd Lord Home (died 1516) was a Scottish soldier and nobleman, Chamberlain of Scotland and Warden of the Eastern March. He fought at the Battle of Flodden where his forces defeated the English right wing before the Scottish army was destroyed. After the battle, he resisted the regency of John Stewart, Duke of Albany and was captured and executed for rebellion.

James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran
James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran and 2nd Lord Hamilton (c. 1475 – 1529) was a Scottish nobleman, naval commander and first cousin of James IV of Scotland. He also served as the 9th Lord High Admiral of Scotland.
Ross Bekkering
Ross Bekkering (born August 19, 1987) is a Canadian-Dutch former professional basketball player. Bekkering played in the Dutch Basketball League. Bekkering is the younger brother of Henry Bekkering, who was a professional basketball player as well.

He played collegiately for Calgary, where he played five years. In 2010, he started his professional career in the Netherlands with ZZ Leiden, winning the Dutch Basketball League in his rookie year. The following year, he signed with Matrixx Magixx. After one year he returned to Leiden, where he won another DBL title in 2013. Afterwards, he played three years with league rival Donar, where he added two more championships. He retired in 2016.

Four years after his retirement, in 2020, Bekkering played 3x3 basketball for the Netherlands national team. He represented the country at the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo.

ZZ Leiden
ZZ Leiden Basketball, also known as Zorg en Zekerheid Leiden, is a professional basketball club based in Leiden, the Netherlands. The club plays in the BNXT League, the domestic first tier league. Their home games are played at Sportcomplex 1574.

ZZ Leiden has won the national championship five times, the NBB Cup four times, the Dutch Supercup a record four times and the BNXT championship twice in a row. Leiden was a European Club Winner's Cup semi-finalist in 1980. They also made the semi-finals of the FIBA Europe Cup in 2022.
Kagoshima District, Kagoshima
Kagoshima (鹿児島郡, Kagoshima-gun) is a district located in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2020, the district has a population of 1,145. The total area is 132.71 km2.

The district has two villages and both of them were islands within Oshima District. The district once located on the mainland is now entirely merged into the city of Kagoshima.

Mishima

Toshima

Mishima, Kagoshima
Mishima (三島村, Mishima-mura) is a village consisting of the inhabited islands of Iōjima, Kuroshima and Takeshima and the uninhabited islands of Shōwa Iōjima and Denshima located in Kagoshima District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The village office is located in the city of Kagoshima, outside the village.

As of 1 October 2020, the village has an estimated population of 405 and a population density of 12.9 persons per square kilometre (33 per square mile). The total area is 31.36 km2 (12.11 sq mi).
Henry Sy
Henry Tan Chi Sieng Sy Sr. (/siː/; Chinese: 施至成; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Si Chì-sêng; pinyin: Shī Zhìchéng; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄕ ㄓˋ ㄔㄥˊ; October 15, 1924 – January 19, 2019) was a Filipino businessman.

Born in Fujian, he moved with his family to the Philippines at age 12. His family would later return to China, with Henry staying behind to establish ShoeMart, a small Manila shoe store, in 1958. Over the decades he developed ShoeMart into SM Investments, one of the largest conglomerates in the Philippines, including 49 SM malls in the Philippines and China, 62 department stores, 56 supermarkets and over 200 grocery stores. SM also owns Banco de Oro, the largest bank in the Philippines, as well as real estate holdings.

For eleven straight years until his death, Sy was named by Forbes as the richest person in the Philippines. When he died, his net worth was estimated at US$19 billion.

SM Supermalls
SM Supermalls, or simply SM, is a chain of shopping malls owned by the Philippine-based SM Prime. As of February 2026, it has a total of 98 malls (89 in the Philippines and 9 in China), with nine more under construction (seven in the Philippines and two in China). It was originally known as Shoemart, from which the name SM is derived.
Ron Pasco
Ron Pasco (born February 3, 1972) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach and former player. He is the assistant coach for Kölner Haie of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL) and the head coach for the Lithuania men's national ice hockey team.

Lithuania men's national ice hockey team
The Lithuanian national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of Lithuania. The team is overseen by Lithuanian Ice Hockey Federation who is a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). Lithuania is ranked 24th in the IIHF World Rankings. They have never competed in an Olympic Games.
Rolando Delgado
Rolando "Roli" Delgado (born November 22, 1981) is an American mixed martial arts trainer and former mixed martial artist. He fought for the Ultimate Fighting Championship and Bellator Fighting Championships. He was a cast member on The Ultimate Fighter 8.

The Ultimate Fighter: Team Nogueira vs. Team Mir
The Ultimate Fighter: Team Nogueira vs. Team Mir is the eighth installment of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) produced reality television series The Ultimate Fighter, which went into production in late May 2008 and premiered on September 17, 2008 on Spike TV. This season features Light Heavyweight fighters (186–205 lb) and Lightweight fighters (146–155 lb).

UFC interim Heavyweight champion Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira and the #1 Heavyweight contender and former UFC Heavyweight champion Frank Mir served as coaches for the two teams. After the completion of the series, the two met for the UFC Interim Heavyweight title at UFC 92 in December.
Trey Anthony
Trey Anthony (born February 18, 1974) is a British-born Canadian playwright, actor, and producer, best known for her award-winning play and television series Da Kink in My Hair. As a producer, she worked for the Women's Television Network and the Urban Women's Comedy Festival. She founded Trey Anthony Studios, a television and theatre production company dedicated to producing new works of theatre.

Da Kink in My Hair (TV series)
Da Kink in My Hair is a Canadian television sitcom. Based on the play of the same name by Trey Anthony, the story was adapted into a television show and aired on Global during prime time. It was the first comedy series on a national private mainstream broadcaster that was created by and starring Black women in Canada. The series had centred on a hair salon in the heart of Toronto's Caribbean-Canadian community, Eglinton West. The series debuted on Global on October 14, 2007, and the final episode aired on May 14, 2009.  It was the winner of the Canadian Association of Broadcasters Best Fiction Series prize in 2008 and won a Gemini Award for Best Hair. The series has been rebroadcast on Television Jamaica.
Pretty Polly (horse)
Pretty Polly (March 1901 – 17 August 1931) was an Irish-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. One of the greatest fillies ever to race in Britain, she won fifteen consecutive races and was only the fifth horse to win the British Fillies Triple Crown since its inception in 1814. Pretty Polly also became one of the greatest broodmares of the century.

Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing
The Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, often shortened to Triple Crown, is a series of horse races for Thoroughbreds, often restricted to three-year-olds. Winning all three of these Thoroughbred horse races is considered the greatest accomplishment in Thoroughbred racing. The term originated in mid-19th-century England and nations where Thoroughbred racing is popular, each having their own Triple Crown series.
Spice mix
Spice mixes are blended spices or herbs. When a certain combination of herbs or spices is called for in a recipe, it is convenient to blend these ingredients beforehand. Blends such as chili powder, curry powder, herbes de Provence, garlic salt, and other seasoned salts are traditionally sold pre-made by grocers, and sometimes baking blends such as pumpkin pie spice are also available. These spice mixes are also easily made by the home cook for later use.

Herbes de Provence
Herbes de Provence (French: [ɛʁb də pʁɔvɑ̃s]; Provençal: èrbas de Provença, [ˈɛr.bas də pɾoˈvɛn.sa]) is a mixture of dried herbs considered typical of the Provence region of southeastern France. Formerly simply a descriptive term, commercial blends started to be sold under this name in the 1970s. These blends often contain savory, marjoram, rosemary, thyme, oregano, tarragon, basil, bay leaves, and black pepper. Lavender leaves or buds are also sometimes included in North American formulations. The herb mixture is typically used with grilled foods, stews, and soups.
Naragasooran
Naragasooran (transl. Narakasura) is an unreleased Indian Tamil-language supernatural thriller film written and directed by Karthick Naren. Produced by Badri Kasthuri, it features an ensemble cast led by Aravind Swamy,Indrajith Sukumaran, Sundeep Kishan, Shriya Saran and Aathmika. It is the second film in Naren's "thriller trilogy", with the first one being Dhuruvangal Pathinaaru, and it also stands as a spin-off of the former.

The film remains unreleased due to various financial constraints.

Arvind Swamy
Arvind Swamy (born 18 June 1970) is an Indian actor, film director and entrepreneur known for his work in Tamil cinema and a few Hindi, Telugu and Malayalam films. He was introduced by Mani Ratnam with Thalapathi (1991) and subsequently starred in Roja (1992), Bombay (1995), Minsara Kanavu (1997), Thani Oruvan (2015), Chekka Chivantha Vaanam (2018), Thalaivi (2023) and Meiyazhagan (2024). He made his debut as a director in the Netflix anthology series Navarasa (2021). He is a recipient of four Filmfare Award South,  one Tamil Nadu State Film Award and two SIIMA Awards.

Swamy also starred in other regional film industries, including Telugu and Malayalam films where he has done films such as Mounam (1995), Daddy (1992) and Devaraagam (1996). He has also appeared in Hindi, making his debut appearance as lead actor in Saat Rang Ke Sapne (1998). He briefly worked as a television presenter as the host of the third season of Neengalum Vellalam Oru Kodi (2012–2016) on Star Vijay.
Ranjit Dutta
Ranjit Dutta (born 24 January 1957) is an Indian politician from the state of Assam. He is presently a Member of Parliament (Lok Sabha) since 2024. He was a minister in the Sarbananda Sonowal-led government of Assam from 2016 to 2021.

Sonowal ministry
The Sonowal ministry was the state ministry of Assam headed by Chief Minister Sarbananda Sonowal from 2016 till 2021. The ministry was formed on 24 May 2016 on the aftermath of the 2016 legislative assembly election which resulted in the Bharatiya Janata Party emerging as the majority party.
Hydrogen-alpha
Hydrogen-alpha, typically shortened to H-alpha or Hα, is a deep-red visible spectral line of the hydrogen atom  with a wavelength of 656.28 nm in air and 656.46 nm in vacuum. It is the first spectral line in the Balmer series and is emitted when an electron falls from a hydrogen atom's third- to second-lowest energy level. H-alpha has applications in astronomy where its emission can be observed from emission nebulae and from features in the Sun's atmosphere, including solar prominences and the chromosphere.

Balmer series
The Balmer series, or Balmer lines in atomic physics, is one of a set of six named series describing the spectral line emissions of the hydrogen atom. The Balmer series is calculated using the Balmer formula, an empirical equation discovered by Johann Balmer in 1885.

The visible spectrum of light from hydrogen displays four wavelengths, 410 nm, 434 nm, 486 nm, and 656 nm, that correspond to emissions of photons by electrons in excited states transitioning to the quantum level described by the principal quantum number n equals 2. There are several prominent ultraviolet Balmer lines with wavelengths shorter than 400 nm. The series continues with an infinite number of lines whose wavelengths asymptotically approach the limit of 364.5 nm in the ultraviolet.

After Balmer's discovery, five other hydrogen spectral series were discovered, corresponding to electrons transitioning to values of n other than two.
Square foot gardening
Square foot gardening is the practice of dividing the growing area into small square sections, typically 1 foot x 1 foot (30cm x 30cm). The aim is to assist the planning and creating of a small but intensively planted vegetable garden. It results in a simple and orderly gardening system, from which it draws much of its appeal. Mel Bartholomew coined the term "square foot gardening" in his 1981 book of the same name.

Mel Bartholomew
Mel Bartholomew (December 14, 1931 – April 28, 2016) was an American gardener, engineer, inventor, businessman, television presenter, and writer. He is known for originating the method of square foot gardening.