hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Basilica of St. John
37°57′09″N 27°22′04″E﻿ / ﻿37.9525°N 27.3678°E﻿ / 37.9525; 27.3678

The Basilica of St. John (Greek: Βασιλική του Αγίου Ιωάννη του Θεολόγου) was a basilica  in Ephesus, Turkey. It was constructed by Justinian I in the 6th century at a site where John the Apostle was said to have been buried. It was modeled after the now-demolished Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople.

The basilica is on the slopes of Ayasuluk Hill, right next to the İsa Bey Mosque, just below the fortress near the centre of Selçuk, İzmir Province, Turkey and about 3.5 km (2.2 mi) from Ephesus.

Ayasuluk Hill
Ayasuluk Hill (Turkish: Ayasuluk Tepesi; Medieval Greek: Θεολόγος, romanized: Theológos) is an ancient mound in İzmir Province in Turkey. It forms part of the Ephesus UNESCO World Heritage Site, and is home to a Byzantine fortress and the ruins of the Basilica of St John. It was reputedly the tomb of John the Apostle, the cousin and early disciple of Jesus who is thought to have written the Gospel of John on the site. It became the main settlement of Ephesus after the ancient town declined after the 7th century, following the onset of the Arab–Byzantine wars.
Hawkins County, Tennessee
Hawkins County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 56,721. Its county seat is Rogersville. Hawkins County is part of the Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area, commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.

Tri-Cities (Tennessee–Virginia)
The Tri-Cities is the region comprising the cities of Kingsport, Johnson City, and Bristol and the surrounding smaller towns and communities in Northeast Tennessee and Southwest Virginia. All three cities are located in Northeast Tennessee, while Bristol has a twin city of the same name in Virginia.

The Tri-Cities region was formerly a single Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA); due to the U.S. Census Bureau's revised definitions of urban areas in the early 2000s, it is now a Combined Statistical Area (CSA) with two metropolitan components: Johnson City and Kingsport–Bristol, TN–VA.  However, the Tri-Cities are usually still considered one population center, which is the fifth-largest in Tennessee.
African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
The African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (known also as Algiers Convention) is a continent-wide agreement signed in 1968 in Algiers. It supersedes the Convention Relative to the Preservation of Fauna and Flora in their Natural State of 1933 and has been superseded by the African Convention on Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (revised) signed in Maputo in 2003.

Convention Relative to the Preservation of Fauna and Flora in their Natural State
The Convention Relative to the Preservation of Fauna and Flora in their Natural State, also known as the London Convention of 1933, was an early agreement among colonial powers for the conservation of nature. As one of the first general conservation agreements in Africa, and the first to specifically protect a plant species, it has been called the Magna Carta of wildlife conservation and "the high point of institutionalized global nature protection before the Second World War".
Espectrito II
Alejandro Pérez Jiménez (May 15, 1975 – June 29, 2009) was a Mexican Mini-Estrella Luchador, or midget professional wrestler who worked mainly under the name Espectro II. Alejandro's twin brother, Alberto, was also a midget professional wrestler who worked under the name "La Parkita", Alejandro had another brother, Mario Pérez Jiménez who worked as Espectrito. Alejandro was most known for working for Mexican professional wrestling promotions Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA), International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG), the Mexican independent circuit as well as working for the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) where he was billed as "Mini Mankind", a miniature version of Mankind. Alejandro and his twin brother were both killed on June 29, 2009, in a double murder.

Espectrito
Mario Pérez Jiménez (December 18, 1966 – January 23, 2016) was a Mexican Mini-Estrella luchador, or Mini professional wrestler, best known under the ring name Espectrito. Jiménez worked for the World Wrestling Federation as "Mini Vader" and "El Torito" between 1997 and 1999. Jiménez was the first ever Mexican National Mini-Estrella Champion and IWC World Mini-Estrella Champion. Jiménez was originally an enmascarado, or masked wrestler, under the Espectrito name but lost it to Mascarita Sagrada in a Luchas de Apuestas match, a bet match where each wrestler puts his mask on the line. The Espectrito ring character is a Mini-version of wrestler Espectro, who was a well-known Luchador from the 1960s-1980s.
Torgsin
Torgsin (Russian: Торгсин) were state-run hard-currency shops that operated in the USSR between 1931 and 1936. Their name was an acronym of the phrase torgovlia s inostrantsami (Russian: торговля с иностранцами), "trade with foreigners." Unlike the later Beryozka stores, Torgsin stores were open to all Soviet citizens, provided they paid with hard currency, gold, or jewels. Initially, Torgsin stores were only accessible by foreigners, hence the name. Torgsin was established by the Sovnarkom chairman Vyacheslav Molotov's order of 5 July 1931 and disbanded on 1 February 1936.

Torgsin stores tended to carry a higher quality of foodstuffs and goods than other stores.

Beryozka (Russian retail store)
Beryozka, or Beriozka, (Russian: Берёзка, lit. "little birch") was the common name of two chains of state-run retail stores in the Soviet Union that sold goods in exchange for foreign currency. Beriozkas sold luxury goods such as chocolate and caviar that were often unavailable or unaffordable in traditional Soviet markets and shops.  Beryozka stores existed between 1964 and 1990, up to the point of the Soviet Union dissolution.
Hirose Takeo
Hirose Takeo (廣瀨武夫, Hirose Takeo), (May 27, 1868 – March 27, 1904) was a career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy. He commanded the cargo vessel Fukui Maru during the Battle of Port Arthur in the Russo-Japanese War. The ship was hit by coastal artillery, and despite being wounded, he drowned while looking for other survivors of the sinking, going down with his ship. His selfless sacrifice elevated him to the status of a deified national hero.

The captain goes down with the ship
"The captain goes down with the ship" is the maritime tradition that a sea captain holds the ultimate responsibility for both the ship and everyone embarked on it, and in an emergency they will devote their time to save those on board or die trying. Although often connected to the sinking of RMS Titanic in 1912 and her captain, Edward Smith, the tradition precedes Titanic by many years. In most instances, captains forgo their own rapid departure of a ship in distress, and concentrate instead on saving other people. It often results in either the death or belated rescue of the captain as the last person on board.
Maria Clara gown
The María Clara gown,  historically known as the traje de mestiza during the Spanish colonial era, is a type of traditional dress worn by women in the Philippines. It is an aristocratic version of the baro't saya. It takes its name from María Clara, the mestiza protagonist of the novel Noli Me Tángere, penned in 1887 by Filipino nationalist José Rizal. It is traditionally made out of piña, the same material used for the barong tagalog.

A unified gown version of the dress with butterfly sleeves popularized in the first half of the 20th century by Philippine National Artist Ramon Valera is known as the terno, which also has a shorter casual and cocktail dress version known as the balintawak. The masculine equivalent of baro't saya is the barong tagalog.

These traditional women's dresses  in the Philippines are collectively known as Filipiniana dress. Along with the barong tagalog, they are also collectively known as "Filipiniana attire".

Fashion and clothing in the Philippines
The clothing style and fashion sense of the Philippines in the modern-day era have been influenced by the indigenous peoples, the Spaniards, and the Americans, as evidenced by the chronology of events that occurred in Philippine history.
NCC Class Y
The LMS Northern Counties Committee (NCC) Class Y was a class of 0-6-0T steam locomotives formed when two LMS Fowler Class 3F engines (Nos.7456 and 7553) were regauged from 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge to the 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) Irish broad gauge in 1944 becoming NCC Nos.18 and 19.

LMS Fowler Class 3F
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Fowler 3F 0-6-0T is a class of steam locomotives, often known as Jinty.  They represent the ultimate development of the Midland Railway's six-coupled tank engines. They could reach speeds of up to 60 mph (97 km/h).
Arisaka Nariakira
Baron Arisaka Nariakira (有坂 成章; April 5, 1852 – January 12, 1915) was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army. The inventor of the Arisaka rifle, he is regarded as one of the leading arms designers in Japanese history, alongside Kijirō Nambu.

Kijirō Nambu
Kijirō Nambu (南部 麒次郎, Nanbu Kijirō; September 22, 1869 – May 1, 1949) was a Japanese firearms designer and career officer in the Imperial Japanese Army. He founded the Nambu Arms Manufacturing Company, a major manufacturer of Japanese military firearms during the period. He was awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure (2nd class) in 1914. Because of his prolific firearms designs, Nambu has been described as the "John Browning of Japan."
2019 Rugby Championship
The 2019 Rugby Championship was the eighth edition of the annual southern hemisphere Rugby Championship, featuring Argentina, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand. The competition is operated by SANZAAR, a joint venture of the four countries' national unions.

The tournament schedule was similar to that of the 2015 edition, being shortened due to the World Cup.

New Zealand was the three-time back-to-back defending champions entering this years Championship. However, South Africa claimed their fourth title, their first since the inception of the Rugby Championship and their first Southern Hemisphere title since 2009.	
They became the third team to claim the expanded Southern Hemisphere championship, following New Zealand and Australia.

The Rugby Championship
The Rugby Championship, formerly known as the Tri Nations Series (1996–2011), is an international rugby union competition contested by Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. These are traditionally the four highest-ranked national teams in the Southern Hemisphere.

The competition is administered by SANZAAR, a consortium consisting of four national governing bodies: the South African Rugby Union (SARU), New Zealand Rugby (NZR), Rugby Australia (RA) and the Argentine Rugby Union (UAR). The inaugural Tri Nations Series tournament was in 1996, and was won by New Zealand. South Africa won their first title in 1998, and Australia their first in 2000. Following the last Tri Nations Series tournament in 2011, New Zealand had won ten championships, with South Africa and Australia on three titles each. The first Rugby Championship was won by New Zealand, who won all six of their matches.
Altiplano Cundiboyacense
The Altiplano Cundiboyacense (Spanish pronunciation: [altiˈplano kundiβoʝaˈsense]) is a high plateau located in the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes covering parts of the departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá. (Do not confuse with The Altiplano or the Altiplano Nariñense, both further south.) The altiplano corresponds to the ancient territory of the Muisca. The Altiplano Cundiboyacense comprises three distinctive flat regions; the Bogotá savanna, the valleys of Ubaté and Chiquinquirá, and the valleys of Duitama and Sogamoso. The average altitude of the altiplano is about 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) above sea level but ranges from roughly 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) to 4,000 metres (13,000 ft).

Altiplano Nariñense
The Altiplano Nariñense or Nariño plateau is an area of flat lands located on the eastern mountain range of the Colombian Andes cordillera, in the departments of Nariño and Putumayo, in southern Colombia. The region comprises three fairly distinguishable flat areas such as the Túquerres and Ipiales plateau, the Atriz valley and the Sibundoy valley. It is a region of great demographic density where there are numerous urban centers, among which the cities of San Juan de Pasto, Ipiales and Túquerres stand out.

The average altitude is 2,700 meters above sea level. It has a mountain climate, which varies with altitude, with temperatures ranging between 10 and 23 degrees Celsius.
House of Representatives (Jordan)
The House of Representatives of Jordan (Arabic: مجلس النواب, romanized: majlis an-nuwāb) is the elected lower house of the Jordanian parliament which, along with the Senate, composes the legislature of Jordan.

The House of Representatives has 138 elected members, serving for four-year terms.

Members are elected by a mixed electoral system, allowing two votes for each person, one vote for individuals running in 18 local districts, and another for a national party-list system. Out of the 138 seats of the House, 97 are for representatives from local districts, while 41 are for party-list representatives. There are also quotas for specific demographics, including 12 for Christian, Circassian, and Chechen minorities, as well as 18 seats reserved for women.

The presiding officer is the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Senate (Jordan)
The Senate of Jordan is the upper house of the Jordanian Parliament which, along with the House of Representatives forms the legislature of Jordan. The Senate consists of 69 members all of whom are chosen by the king of Jordan by royal decree, but must follow the terms of Constitution of Jordan.

The presiding officer is the President of the Senate, who serves a two-year term, which can be renewed. Regular members of the Senate serve four-year terms, which can also be renewed. Meetings of the Senate are valid only if everyone is present at the meeting. Decisions are determined by the number of votes, not including the President; but if the votes are tied, the President may vote.
Bottesford railway station
Bottesford railway station serves the village of Bottesford in Leicestershire, England. The station is 15 miles (24 km) east of Nottingham, on the lines to Grantham and Skegness. It is the least used station in Leicestershire.

Grantham railway station
Grantham railway station is a stop on the East Coast Main Line, serving the market town of Grantham, in Lincolnshire, England. It lies 105 miles 38 chains (169.7 km) down the line from London King's Cross; on the main line, it is situated between Peterborough to the south and Newark Northgate to the north. Two secondary lines diverge from the main line north of Grantham: the Poacher Line to Skegness and a branch line to Nottingham.
2018 United States Senate election in Minnesota
The 2018 United States Senate election in Minnesota took place on November 6, 2018, to elect a United States senator from Minnesota. Incumbent Democratic–Farmer–Labor U.S. Senator Amy Klobuchar was reelected in a landslide, defeating Republican state House of Representatives member Jim Newberger. This election was held alongside a special election for Minnesota's other Senate seat, which was held by Al Franken until he resigned in January 2018. U.S. House elections, a gubernatorial election, State House elections, and other elections were also held.

The candidate filing deadline was June 5, 2018, and the primary election was held on August 14, 2018.
This is the last time that a Democratic candidate won a majority of Minnesota's counties in a statewide election. As of early 2026, It is also the last time a Democratic candidate received over 60% of the votes cast in a statewide election.

2018 Minnesota gubernatorial election
The 2018 Minnesota gubernatorial election took place on November 6, to elect the 41st governor of Minnesota, as incumbent Democratic (DFL) Governor Mark Dayton chose not to run for re-election for a third term. The Democratic nominee was U.S. Representative Tim Walz from Minnesota's 1st congressional district, while the Republican Party nominated Hennepin County commissioner Jeff Johnson for a second consecutive time. The Independence Party of Minnesota did not field a candidate for the first time since 1994. Going into the election polls showed Walz ahead; the race was characterized as lean or likely DFL.

Walz went on to defeat Johnson by the largest margin for a DFL candidate since 1986, receiving more votes than any other gubernatorial candidate in Minnesota history. This was the first Minnesota gubernatorial election since 1958 in which any party won more than two consecutive elections, as well as the first time since 1998 where the party of the incumbent president lost.
Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals
The Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals is one of the two highest judicial bodies in the U.S. state of Oklahoma and is part of the Oklahoma Court System, the judicial branch of the Oklahoma state government.

As of 2011, the court meets in the Oklahoma Judicial Center, having previously met in the Oklahoma State Capitol.

Judiciary of Oklahoma
The Oklahoma Court System is the judicial system for the U.S. State of Oklahoma. Based in Oklahoma City, the court system is a unified state court system that functions under the Chief Justice of Oklahoma who is its administrator-in-chief.

Under the judiciary, five types of courts function: Courts of Limited Jurisdiction, Courts of General Jurisdiction, an Immediate Appellate Court, Specials Courts, and Courts of Last Resort. Also, the Oklahoma judiciary contains two independent courts. The two Courts of Last Resort arrangement exists only in Oklahoma and neighboring Texas.

All judges and justices requiring appointment are appointed by the Governor of Oklahoma. Candidates must first go through a nominating process through the Oklahoma Judicial Nominating Commission, which selects three candidates to submit to the Governor for a single selection to the office.
Mashq
Mashq is one of the oldest calligraphic forms of the Arabic script. At the time of the emergence of Islam, this type of writing was likely already in use in various parts of the Arabian Peninsula. It is first attested during the reign of caliph Umar, making it one of the earliest forms of Arabic script, along with Hijazi and Kufic. It was used in most texts produced during the first and second centuries after the Hijra.

Hijazi script
Hijazi script (Arabic: خَطّ ٱَلحِجَازِيّ, romanized: khaṭṭ al-ḥijāzī) is an early Arabic script that developed in the Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula, including cities of Mecca and Medina, and was used in some of the earliest Qur'anic manuscripts. It was often shown in a sloping style called a Ma'il script (Arabic: مائل, romanized: māʾil, lit. 'sloping').

The script is notably angular in comparison with other Arabic scripts and tends to slope to the right. The script initially contained no dots or diacritical marks to indicate vowel sounds, though some included small red dots or short strokes to indicate vowels and mark verse divisions.
Ruben Nicolai
Ruben Nicolai (born 8 May 1975) is a Dutch television presenter and comedian. He is known as one of the comedians in the television show De Lama's together with Tijl Beckand, Ruben van der Meer and Jeroen van Koningsbrugge. He has also presented many television shows, including Lego Masters and The Masked Singer.

Jeroen van Koningsbrugge
Jeroen van Koningsbrugge (born 3 September 1973) is a Dutch actor, comedian, singer, director and presenter. He was a member of the television programme De Lama's and together with his friend Dennis van de Ven he makes the satirical television shows Neonletters and Draadstaal. Together with Van de Ven he has a band called Jurk!.
Ali bin al Mugrab Al Uyuni
Ali bin al-Mugrab Al Uyuni (علي بن المقرب العيوني) was a Bahrani poet from Al-Hasa, who died in 630 AH or 1232 AD, one of the late known poets among the people of the Arabian Peninsula before the modern era. Percentage due to Al Uyuni built from Abdul Qays, who ruled Ahsa in that period after extracted from Qarmatians. Al Uyuni poet, and is considered his office and explanations which are attached by one of the most important sources on the history of that state.

This has been achieved by his several times of poetry, by a number of researchers, including Ahmed Musa al-Khatib and new investigations and explanation. by three researchers (Abdul-Khaliq al-Janabi, Abdul Ghani Alarafat, and Ali Bey).

Uyunid dynasty
The Uyunid dynasty (Arabic: العيونيون, romanized: al-ʿUyūnīyūn) were an Arab dynasty that ruled Eastern Arabia for 163 years, from the 11th to the 13th centuries. Their sect was mentioned by the sources to be Shia Twelver. They were, like the majority of the people of Eastern Arabia, from the Banu Abdul Qays tribe. They seized the country from the Qarmatians with the military assistance of Great Seljuq Empire in the year 1077–1078 CE. It then fell to the Usfurids of Banu Uqayl in 651 AH (1253 CE). The famous poet Ali bin al Mugrab Al Uyuni is a Uyunid.
Star of South Africa, Silver
The Star of South Africa, Silver, post-nominal letters SSAS, was the second level decoration of two military and five non-military classes of the Order of the Star of South Africa, which was instituted by the Republic of South Africa on 1 July 1975. It was awarded to general and flag officers of the South African Defence Force for exceptionally meritorious service of major military significance. The Order of the Star of South Africa was discontinued in 2002.

Order of the Star of South Africa
The Order of the Star of South Africa was a South African National Order that consisted of seven decorations in two military and five non-military classes. The order was discontinued on 2 December 2002.
Barnard's Inn
Barnard's Inn is a former Inn of Chancery in Holborn, London. It is now the home of Gresham College, an institution of higher learning established in 1597 that hosts public lectures.

Over the centuries, it has served as a school for law students, a venue for qualified attorneys, and residential chambers. The Inn suffered damage during the Gordon Riots in 1780, but was compensated. It was purchased by the Mercers' Company in the late 19th century and served as the Mercers' School premises until 1959. The buildings include a hall with 18th-century chambers and reception rooms, featuring notable architectural elements like 15th-century wooden bays, 16th-century linen fold wood panelling, and the only surviving crown posts in Greater London. Since 1991, the Inn has been home to Gresham College, hosting public lectures.

Inns of Chancery
The Inns of Chancery or Hospida Cancellarie were a group of buildings and legal institutions in Holborn, London, initially attached to the Inns of Court and used as offices for the clerks of chancery, from which they drew their name. Existing from at least 1344, the Inns gradually changed their purpose, and became both the offices and accommodation for solicitors (as the Inns of Court were to barristers) and a place of initial training for barristers.

The practice of training barristers at the Inns of Chancery had died out by 1642, and the Inns instead became dedicated associations and offices for solicitors. With the founding of the Society of Gentleman Practisers in 1739 and the Law Society of England and Wales in 1825, a single unified professional association for solicitors, the purpose of the Inns died out, and after a long period of decline the last one (Clement's Inn) was sold in 1903 and demolished in 1934.