hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard A. Parker
Richard A. Parker (29 January 1953 – 26 January 2024) was a mathematician and freelance computer programmer born in Surrey who lived for much of his life in Cambridge, England. He invented many of the algorithms for computing the modular character tables  of finite simple groups. He discovered the relation between Niemeier lattices and
deep holes of the Leech lattice, and  constructed Parker's Moufang loop of order 213 (which was used by John Horton Conway in his construction of the monster group).

John Horton Conway
John Horton Conway FRS (26 December 1937 – 11 April 2020) was an English mathematician. He was active in the theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory and coding theory. He also made contributions to many branches of recreational mathematics, most notably the invention of the cellular automaton called the Game of Life.

Born and raised in Liverpool, Conway spent the first half of his career at the University of Cambridge before moving to the United States, where he held the John von Neumann Professorship at Princeton University for the rest of his career. On 11 April 2020, at age 82, he died of complications from COVID-19.
Tonbridge
Tonbridge (/ˈtʌnbrɪdʒ/ TUN-brij) (historic spelling Tunbridge) is a market town in Kent, England, on the River Medway, 4 miles (6 km) north of Royal Tunbridge Wells, 12 miles (19 km) south west of Maidstone and 29 miles (47 km) south east of London. In the administrative borough of Tonbridge and Malling, it had an estimated population of 41,293 in 2019.

Royal Tunbridge Wells
Royal Tunbridge Wells (formerly, until 1909, and still commonly Tunbridge Wells) is a town in Kent, England, 30 miles (50 kilometres) southeast of Central London. It lies close to the border with East Sussex on the northern edge of the High Weald, whose sandstone geology is exemplified by the rock formation High Rocks. The town was a spa in the Restoration and a fashionable resort in the mid-1700s under Beau Nash when the Pantiles, and its chalybeate spring, attracted visitors who wished to take the waters. Though its popularity as a spa town waned with the advent of sea bathing, the town still derives much of its income from tourism. The prefix "Royal" was granted to it in 1909 by King Edward VII; it is one of only three towns in England with the title.

The town had a population of 59,947 in 2016, and is the administrative centre of Tunbridge Wells Borough and in the parliamentary constituency of Tunbridge Wells.
Mannheim Kurpfalzbrücke–Edingen–Heidelberg railway
The Mannheim Kurpfalzbrücke–Heidelberg railway is a metre-gauge railway between central Mannheim and Heidelberg-Bergheim. It was built by the former Oberrheinischen Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft AG (Upper Rhine Railway Company, OEG), later MVV OEG AG and is now operated by MVV Verkehr GmbH (infrastructure owner) and RNV (operations manager and train operator) according to Eisenbahn-Bau- und Betriebsordnung für Schmalspurbahnen (narrow-gauge railway regulations; ESBO). The route connects the Mannheim tram network with the Heidelberg tram network. However, the line is still owned by MVV Verkehr AG (the City of Mannheim's transport utility) as the successor to the OEG. It is operated as a branch line using electronic direct traffic control.

Trams in Heidelberg
The Heidelberg tramway network (German: Straßenbahnnetz Heidelberg) is a network of tramways forming an important element of the public transport system in Heidelberg, a city in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

Opened in 1885, the first electric tram ran in 1901. The network has been operated since 2009 by Rhein-Neckar-Verkehr (RNV) within the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (VRN). The network includes line 5 of the Mannheim/Ludwigshafen tram system, which is connected with Heidelberg’s tram system via the Upper Rhine Railway Company (Oberrheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, OEG).
Axion
An axion (/ˈæksiɒn/) is a hypothetical elementary particle originally theorized in 1978 independently by Frank Wilczek and Steven Weinberg as the Goldstone boson of Peccei–Quinn theory, which had been proposed in 1977 to solve the strong CP problem in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). If axions exist and have low mass within a specific range, they are of interest as a possible component of cold dark matter.

Peccei–Quinn theory
In particle physics, the Peccei–Quinn theory is a well-known, long-standing proposal for the resolution of the strong CP problem formulated by Roberto Peccei and Helen Quinn in 1977. The theory introduces a new anomalous symmetry to the Standard Model along with a new  scalar field which spontaneously breaks the symmetry at low energies, giving rise to an axion that suppresses the problematic CP violation. This model has long since been ruled out by experiments and has instead been replaced by similar invisible axion models which utilize the same mechanism to solve the strong CP problem.
Motorola Edge series
The Motorola Edge series (stylized in all lowercase; known as the Moto Edge series in China) is a line of smartphones marketed by Motorola Mobility since 2020, replacing the Moto X as the company's mid-range and high-end lineup. Various models have been produced which are listed below:

edge (2020)

edge+ (2020)

edge S/moto g100 (2021)

edge 20 Lite

edge 20 Fusion

edge 20

edge 20 PRO/edge S PRO (PRC)

edge (2021)

edge S30 (PRC)

edge X30 (PRC)

edge (2022)

edge+ (2022)

edge 30 (2022)

edge 30 PRO (2022)

edge 30 ULTRA (2022)

edge 30 FUSION

edge 30 NEO

edge 40 (2023)

edge 40 PRO/edge+ (2023) (US)/edge X40 (PRC)

edge 40 NEO

edge 50

edge 50 PRO

edge 50 FUSION

edge 50 NEO

edge 50 ULTRA

edge (2024)

edge 60 FUSION

edge 60

edge 60 FUSION

edge 60 STYLUS

edge 60 PRO

edge 60 NEO

edge 70

Motorola Edge 60 series
The Motorola Edge 60 series is a line-up of Android smartphones developed by Motorola Mobility, a subsidiary of Lenovo. Released in 2025, the series includes the Motorola Edge 60,  Motorola Edge 60 Fusion (Moto Edge 60s in China), Motorola Edge 60 Stylus and the Motorola Edge 60 Pro, covering a range of mid-range to upper mid-range segments.
The Ah-Ha Phenomenon
The Ah-Ha Phenomenon is a radio drama, produced by the ZBS Foundation. Released in 1977 this is the third of the Jack Flanders adventure series, and combines elements of Americana and Old-time radio with metaphysical concepts such as Sufi wisdom and Tibetan Buddhism.

Jack Flanders
Jack Flanders, full name Jonathan L. Flanders, is the protagonist of a series of audio dramas produced by the ZBS Foundation. He is the creation of writer and sound artist Thomas Lopez and is played by actor Robert Lorick.

Jack is an adventurer who travels the Earth, exploring both familiar physical places and a metaphysical land called the Invisible Realms.  His character adapts as the story requires, ranging from a bumbling fool to a competent and professional detective into spiritual mysteries.  Well-versed in the occult, folklore, primitive magic and various mystic phenomena, he is able to withstand most reality-altering experiences and generally has an open mind towards all things.
Gjergj Arianiti
Gjergj Arianiti (13??–1462) was an Albanian feudal lord who led several successful campaigns against the Ottoman Empire. He was the father of Donika, Skanderbeg's wife, as well as the uncle of Moisi Golemi. Gjergj Arianiti was Skanderbeg's ally within the League of Lezhë before abandoning the alliance after the capture of Berat by the Ottomans in 1450. He later returned. Robert Elsie emphasizes that Arianiti was often Skanderbeg's rival. He allied with the Kingdom of Naples in 1446, left his alliance with Skanderbeg by 1449 and allied with Venice in 1456. However, his daughter married Skanderbeg and he remained officially part of the League of Lezhë, continuing to fight Ottomans successfully up to his death in 1462.

Donika Kastrioti
Andronika Arianiti, commonly known as Donika Kastrioti[a], (1428 – 1506) was an Albanian noblewoman and Lady of Albania from her marriage to Skanderbeg. She was the daughter of Gjergj Arianiti, an earlier leader in the ongoing revolt against the Ottomans, and Maria Muzaka, whose family ruled under the title of despots in the southern part of the country.
Sixpence (New Zealand coin)
The New Zealand sixpence is a coin of the New Zealand pound issued from 1933 to 1965. Equal to twice a threepence or half a shilling, the sixpence was one of five denominations of silver coins introduced in the initial issue of New Zealand coinage in 1933. Early designs for the coin featuring spears and silver ferns were rejected by design committees in Britain and New Zealand. The coin's final reverse, designed by George Kruger Gray, features a female huia, an extinct New Zealand bird, perched atop a branch. Issued in 50% silver until a postwar rise in silver prices triggered a shift to cupronickel in 1947, the coin was minted with relative consistency until 1965, when it was discontinued following decimalisation and the adoption of the New Zealand dollar.

Threepence (New Zealand coin)
The New Zealand threepence is a coin of the New Zealand pound issued from 1933 to 1965. Equal to three pence, the coin was the smallest in size of all New Zealand pound coinage and the smallest in denomination of the initial 1933 issue of New Zealand pound coinage, produced due to shortages of British silver coins resulting from the devaluation of local currency relative to the pound sterling. British artist George Kruger Gray designed the coin's reverse design after an earlier pattern design featuring a hei-tiki was rejected by a coinage design committee organised by Gordon Coates. It features two crossed patu (ornamental Māori clubs) below the label "3d". Initially struck in silver by the Royal Mint, it was struck in cupronickel from 1947 onward due to rising precious metal prices. Following decimalisation in 1967, the threepence was replaced by the coinage of the New Zealand dollar.
Imperial Commercial College
Imperial Commercial College is an educational institution founded in 1772 as part of the Moscow Foundling Home for teaching merchants' children. In 1779 it was named after its founder Prokofi Demidov. In 1800 it was separated from the Home and moved to St. Petersburg. In 1904 it received Imperial status and officially ceased its existence in 1918 but de facto it continued working. In 1931, it served as the foundation for Leningrad Training Mechanics and Technology Refrigeration Plant, which later became the St. Petersburg State University of Refrigeration and Food Processing Technologies.

St. Petersburg State University of Refrigeration and Food Processing Technologies
St. Petersburg State University of Refrigeration and Food Processing Technologies was a state university in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

It was founded in 1931 and based on the Imperial Commercial College which was established in 1772. In 2011, the University with its six departments merged with ITMO University as Institute of Refrigeration and Biotechnologies. At the time it had 6,500 students and 82 instructors. In 2015 it was transformed into the Department of Cryogenic Techniques and Air Conditioning and Department of Food Biotechnologies and Engineering of ITMO University.
Honam Expressway
The Honam Expressway (Korean: 호남고속도로) is an expressway serving the Honam region in South Korea.  The freeway connects Nonsan on the Nonsan-Cheonan Expressway and Honam Expressway Branch Line to Gwangju and Suncheon on the Namhae Expressway.  The freeway's route number is 25.  The Honam Expressway Branch is route number 251, and connects Nonsan on the Honam Expressway to Daejeon on the Gyeongbu Expressway.

Honam Expressway Branch
The Honam Expressway Branch (Korean: 호남고속도로지선) is an expressway in South Korea, connecting Nonsan to Daejeon. The expressway's route number is 251.

This route was origin way of Honam Expressway until August 2001.
Wang Yangming
Wang Shouren (Chinese: 王守仁, 26 October 1472 – 9 January 1529), courtesy name Bo'an (Chinese: 伯安), art name Yangmingzi (traditional Chinese: 陽明子; simplified Chinese: 阳明子), usually referred to as Wang Yangming (traditional Chinese: 王陽明; simplified Chinese: 王阳明), was a Chinese statesman, general, and Neo-Confucian philosopher during the Ming dynasty. After Zhu Xi, he is commonly regarded as the most important Neo-Confucian thinker, for his interpretations of Confucianism that denied the rationalist dualism of the orthodox philosophy of Zhu Xi. Wang and Lu Xiangshan are regarded as the founders as the Lu–Wang school, or the School of the Mind.

In China, Japan, and Western countries, he is known by his honorific name rather than his private name.

Lu Jiuyuan
Lu Jiuyuan (Chinese: 陸九淵; pinyin: Lù Jiǔyuān; 1139–1192), or Lu Xiangshan (陸象山; Lù Xiàngshān), was a Chinese philosopher and writer who founded the school of the universal mind, the second most influential Neo-Confucian school. He was a contemporary and the main rival of Zhu Xi.

In East Asia and the Western World, he is known by his honorific name rather than his private name.
Paul Miller (boxer)
Paul James Miller (born 15 November 1978 in Darwin, Northern Territory) is a boxer from Australia, who represented his native country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney in the Men's 75 kg Division. There he was beaten by Vugar Alekperov of Azerbaijan in the second round, after defeating Dominica's Jerson Ravelo. He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder.

Vugar Alakbarov
Vugar Mursal Alakbarov (Azerbaijani: Vüqar Mursal Ələkbərov; born 5 January 1981) is an Azerbaijani boxer.

Alakbarov competed in the middleweight class (−75 kg) at the 2000 Summer Olympics and won the bronze medal. At the 2004 Summer Olympics he was eliminated in the quarter final in the heavyweight class. He qualified for the 2004 Summer Olympics by winning the heavyweight event in the 2nd AIBA European 2004 Olympic Qualifying Tournament in Warsaw, Poland.
Las leyendas: el origen
Las leyendas: el origen (English: Legend Quest: The Origin) is a 2022 Mexican animated comedy horror film directed by Ricardo Arnaiz. It serves as a prequel to the Leyendas franchise taking place before La Leyenda de la Nahuala and is produced by Ánima. The film is an origin story focused on the little Calavera duo, Finado and Moribunda, who must leave their home in Pueblo Calaca while looking out for a human baby.

Las leyendas: el origen was released on the streaming platform ViX platform on 10 August 2022. The film was initially planned for a theatrical release in 2020 in Mexico, but was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

La leyenda de la Nahuala
Legend Quest: The Legend of The Nahuala (released in Latin America as La Leyenda de la Nahuala) is a 2007 Mexican animated horror comedy film released in theaters on November 1, 2007 in Mexico. It was the fourth animated feature film in Mexico to be released, and the first to be exhibited in DTS. The film was a box-office success on its opening weekend, grossing a total of $42.2 million pesos (US$4.03 million). It was produced by Soco Aguilar and Ricardo Arnaiz and directed by Arnaíz.

It was later released direct-to-video in the United States in 2008.
Flow-based generative model
A flow-based generative model is a generative model used in machine learning that explicitly models a probability distribution by leveraging normalizing flow, which is a statistical method using the change-of-variable law of probabilities to transform a simple distribution into a complex one.

The direct modeling of likelihood provides many advantages. For example, the negative log-likelihood can be directly computed and minimized as the loss function. Additionally, novel samples can be generated by sampling from the initial distribution, and applying the flow transformation.

In contrast, many alternative generative modeling methods, such as variational autoencoders (VAEs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), or diffusion models, do not explicitly represent the likelihood function.

Generative model
Generative models are a class of models frequently used for classification. In machine learning, it typically models the joint distribution of inputs and outputs, such as P(X,Y), or it models how inputs are distributed within each class, such as P(X∣Y) together with a class prior P(Y). Because it describes a full data-generating process, a generative model can be used to draw new samples that resemble the observed data. Generative models are used for density estimation, simulation, and learning with missing or partially labeled data. In classification, they can predict labels by combining P(X∣Y) and P(Y) and applying Bayes’ rule. Generative models are often contrasted with discriminative models, which focus on predicting outputs from inputs directly.

Generative model approaches which uses a joint probability distribution instead, include naive Bayes classifiers, Gaussian mixture models, variational autoencoders, generative adversarial networks and others.
Ohangai
Ohangai is a locality in South Taranaki, New Zealand. It is approximately 10 km east of Hāwera and 6 km north of Mokoia

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "opposite place" for Ōhāngai.

Hāwera
Hāwera is the second-largest centre in the Taranaki region of New Zealand's North Island, with a population of 10,700. It is near the coast of the South Taranaki Bight. The origins of the town lie in a government military base that was established in 1866, and the town of Hāwera grew up around a blockhouse in the early 1870s.

Hāwera is 75 kilometres south of New Plymouth on State Highway 3 and 30 minutes' drive from Mount Taranaki. It is located on State Highway 45, known as Surf Highway 45 for its numerous surf beaches. State Highway 45 passes through Manaia, Ōpunake and Oakura en route to New Plymouth. Kaponga is a 20-minute drive to the north-west. The Marton–New Plymouth Line railway passes through Hāwera and has served the town since 1 August 1881, though it has been freight-only since the cancellation of the last railcar passenger service between Wellington and New Plymouth on 30 July 1977.
Angelique (video game series)
Angelique (アンジェリーク, Anjerīku) is a Japanese otome game series and media franchise. There are various OVAs, Drama CDs, Music CDs and Anime series, developed along with the base game, or broadcast on TV channels, etc. The series began in 1994 and has continued since. The latest entry in the series is Angelique Luminarise, released in 2021.

The first game was released in 1994 on Super Famicom. This is the first otome game (dating sim for women) known in the world. The Angelique series is also the first otome game series of the Neo Romance series by Ruby Party. Currently, the games in this series are only published in Japanese.

Otome game
An otome game (Japanese: 乙女ゲーム, Hepburn: otome gēmu; lit. "maiden game") is a story-based romance video game targeted towards women with a female protagonist as the player character. Generally one of the goals, besides the main story goal, is to develop a romantic relationship between the female main player character and one of the secondary lead characters, who are usually male.
Grigory Yavlinsky 2000 presidential campaign
The Grigory Yavlinsky presidential campaign, 2000 was Grigory Yavlinsky's campaign in the 2000 Russian presidential election. Yavlinsky ran as the nominee of Yabloko. This was Yavlinsky's second presidential bid, as he had been a candidate in the previous presidential election.

Grigory Yavlinsky 1996 presidential campaign
The Grigory Yavlinsky presidential campaign, 1996 was Grigory Yavlinsky's campaign in the 1996 Russian presidential election. Yavlinsky ran as the nominee of Yabloko. Running as a socially liberal, politically centrist, and democratic-minded candidate, he was eliminated after placing fourth in the first-round of the election. He subsequently gave his endorsement to Boris Yeltsin in the second-round of the election.
Lola B2K/40
The Lola B2K/40 was a Le Mans Prototype developed in 2000 by Lola Cars International as a cheaper, smaller, and lighter alternative to the similar Lola B2K/10.  Although specifically designed to compete in the SR2 class of the Sports Racing World Cup and Grand American Road Racing Championship, it would later be adapted to the LMP675 and LMP2 classes for the 24 Hours of Le Mans and American Le Mans Series.  This design was replaced in 2005 by the Lola B05/40 and would last be used in competition in 2006.

Lola B2K/10
The Lola B2K/10 was a Le Mans Prototype developed in 2000 by Lola Cars International for use in the 24 Hours of Le Mans, American Le Mans Series, Grand American Road Racing Championship, and Sports Racing World Cup.  It was a replacement for the previous Lola B98/10 and shared some elements with its smaller variant, the Lola B2K/40.
Madonna of the Sleeping Cars (1928 film)
Madonna of the Sleeping Cars (French: La madone des sleepings) is a 1928 French silent film directed by Marco de Gastyne and Maurice Gleize and starring Claude France, Olaf Fjord, and Maurice Dekobra. It is an adaptation of Maurice Dekobra's 1925 novel of the same title, which was later turned into a 1955 sound film.

Madonna of the Sleeping Cars (1955 film)
Madonna of the Sleeping Cars (French: La madone des sleepings) is a 1955 French drama film directed by Henri Diamant-Berger and starring Giselle Pascal, Jean Gaven and Erich von Stroheim. The film is an adaptation of the 1925 novel of the same title by Maurice Dekobra, though the plot has been changed somewhat, and the action brought into the 1950s and set in Latin America rather than the Black Sea coast of the USSR.

It was shot at the Victorine Studios in Nice, with sets designed by the art director Eugène Piérac. Location shooting took place in Paris and elsewhere.
Neurulation
Neurulation refers to the folding process in vertebrate embryos, which includes the transformation of the neural plate into the neural tube. The embryo at this stage is termed the neurula.

The process begins when the notochord induces the formation of the central nervous system (CNS) by signaling the ectoderm germ layer above it to form the thick and flat neural plate. The neural plate folds in upon itself to form the neural tube, which will later differentiate into the spinal cord and the brain, eventually forming the central nervous system. Computer simulations found that cell wedging and differential proliferation are sufficient for mammalian neurulation.

Different portions of the neural tube form by two different processes, called primary and secondary neurulation, in different species.

In primary neurulation, the neural plate creases inward until the edges come in contact and fuse.

In secondary neurulation, the tube forms by hollowing out of the interior of a solid precursor.

Neural tube
In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryonic precursor to the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into the closed neural tube. In humans, neural tube closure usually occurs by the fourth week of pregnancy (the 28th day after conception).
North Waziristan Agency
North Waziristan Agency was an agency of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) until 2018 when the region was merged into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, as North Waziristan District in Bannu Division. Set up in 1895 by the British it had been FATA's second largest agency until its abolition.

North Waziristan District
North Waziristan District (Pashto: شمالي وزیرستان ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع شمالی وزیرستان) is a district of Bannu Division in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is the northern part of Waziristan, a mountainous region of northwest Pakistan, bordering Afghanistan and covering 4,707 square kilometres (1,817 sq mi). The capital city of North Waziristan is Miranshah.