hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tōgō, Kagoshima
Tōgō (東郷町, Tōgō-chō) was a town located in Satsuma District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 5,987 and a density of 74.70 persons per km2. The total area was 80.15 km2.

On October 12, 2004, Tōgō, along with the city of Sendai, the towns of Hiwaki, Iriki and Kedōin, and the villages of Kamikoshiki, Kashima, Sato and Shimokoshiki (all from Satsuma District), was merged to create the city of Satsumasendai.

Kashima, Kagoshima
Kashima (鹿島村 (Kashima-mura)) was a village located in Satsuma District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 838, with a population density of 96.54 persons per km². The total area was 8.68 km².

On October 12, 2004, Kashima merged with the city of Sendai, the towns of Hiwaki, Iriki, Kedōin, and Tōgō, and the villages of Kamikoshiki, Sato, and Shimokoshiki (all from Satsuma District) to form the city of Satsumasendai.
Green Alliance (Spain)
The Green Alliance (Spanish: Alianza Verde; AV) is a Spanish ecologist and eco-socialist political party, ideologically located to the left. It was created on 10 June 2021 within the Unidas Podemos electoral coalition. It has a representative in the Congress of Deputies, Juan López de Uralde, founder and former leader of Equo.

Since its inception, it has been presented to all elections alongside Podemos, either as part of Unidas Podemos, Sumar or in coalition with them.

Greens Equo
The Green Party is a green political party in Spain. The party was founded as Equo in 2011 and later renamed to Greens Equo. It was established on 4 June 2011 by the merger of 35 Spanish green parties. It began as a foundation on 24 September 2010 with the goal of becoming "the seed and source of debate about political ecology and social equity, originating a sociopolitical movement".
Bir Uttom
Bir Uttom (Bengali: বীর উত্তম, lit. 'Great Valiant Hero') is the second highest award for individual gallantry in Bangladesh after the Bir Sreshtho and the highest gallantry award for living individual.

Since the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, 69 people have been awarded the Bir Uttom.

Bir Sreshtho
The Bir Sreshtho (Bengali: বীরশ্রেষ্ঠ; lit. 'The Most Valiant Hero') is the highest military award of Bangladesh. It was awarded to seven freedom fighters who showed utmost bravery and died in action for their nation. They are considered martyrs.

The other three gallantry awards are named, in decreasing order of importance, Bir Uttom, Bir Bikrom and Bir Protik. All of these awards were introduced immediately after the Liberation War in 1971.
Darby Houses
The Darby Houses museum is one of ten Ironbridge Gorge Museums administered by the Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust. It is based in the town of Coalbrookdale in the Ironbridge Gorge, in Shropshire, England within a World Heritage Site, the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution.

The Darby Houses comprise the adjacent properties of Dale House and Rosehill, both of which were built for members of the Darby family in Darby Road, Coalbrookdale.

Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust
52°38′20″N 2°29′35″W﻿ / ﻿52.639°N 2.493°W﻿ / 52.639; -2.493

The Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust is an industrial heritage organisation which runs ten museums and manages multiple historic sites within the Ironbridge Gorge World Heritage Site in Shropshire, England, widely considered as the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution.

The Gorge includes a number of settlements important to industrial history and with heritage assets, including Ironbridge, Coalport and Jackfield along the River Severn, and also Coalbrookdale and Broseley. The area was among the first sites in the United Kingdom to be declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986. In 1977, the Ironbridge Gorge Museum was awarded National Heritage Museum of the Year. In 2025 plans were put in place for the National Trust to take over the various museums on 2 March 2026.  A total cost for the transfer has not been announced but is aided by a £9 million grant from the Department for Culture Media and Sport.
Tou Samouth
Tou Samouth (Khmer: ទូ សាមុត; c. 1915 – 20 July 1962), also known as Achar Sok (Khmer: អាចារ្យសុក), was a Cambodian politician. One of the two founding members of the Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party (KPRP), the other being Son Ngoc Minh, and head of its more moderate faction. He is mainly remembered for mentoring Saloth Sar, who would later change his name to Pol Pot.

Son Ngoc Minh
Son Ngoc Minh (Vietnamese: Sơn Ngọc Minh, Khmer: សឺន ង៉ុកមិញ; 1920 – 22 December 1972), also known as Achar Mean (អាចារ្យមាន), was a Cambodian communist politician and co-founder of the Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party (KPRP), the predecessor to the Communist Party of Kampuchea.
Fenian Brotherhood
The Fenian Brotherhood (Irish: Bráithreachas na bhFíníní) was an Irish republican organisation founded in the United States in 1858 by John O'Mahony and Michael Doheny. It was a precursor to Clan na Gael, a sister organisation to the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). Members were commonly known as "Fenians". O'Mahony, who was a Gaelic scholar, named his organisation after the Fianna, the legendary band of Irish warriors led by Fionn mac Cumhaill.

Clan na Gael
Clan na Gael (CnG) (Irish: Clann na nGael, pronounced [ˈklˠaːn̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈŋeːlˠ]; "family of the Gaels") is an Irish republican organization, founded in the United States in the late 19th and 20th centuries, successor to the Fenian Brotherhood and a sister organization to the Irish Republican Brotherhood.
Personal foul (basketball)
In basketball, a personal foul is a breach of the rules concerning personal contact with an opponent. It is the most common type of foul in basketball. A player fouls out on reaching a limit on personal fouls for the game and is disqualified from participation in the remainder of the game.

Players routinely initiate illegal contact to purposely affect the play, hoping it is seen as too minor to be ruled a foul. The threshold is subjective and varies among officials and from game to game. Most contact fouls are not regarded as unsportsmanlike. However, excessive or unjustified contact is penalized more severely. The NBA refers to these as flagrant fouls; other rulebooks call them unsportsmanlike or disqualifying fouls.

Flagrant foul
In basketball, a flagrant foul or an unsportsmanlike or disqualifying foul is a personal foul that involves excessive or violent contact that could injure the fouled player. A flagrant foul may be unintentional or purposeful; the latter type is also called an "intentional foul" in the National Basketball Association (NBA). However, not all intentional fouls are flagrant fouls, as it is an accepted strategy to intentionally commit a foul (without the intent to injure) in order to regain possession of the ball while minimizing how much time elapses on the game clock.
Christopher Ford (screenwriter)
Christopher D. Ford is an American film screenwriter, producer, and actor best known for his collaborations with director Jon Watts, including Clown (2014), Cop Car (2015), and Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017).

Jon Watts
Jonathan Watts (born June 28, 1981) is an American filmmaker. He is best known for directing the Spider-Man films within the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU): Homecoming (2017), Far From Home (2019), and No Way Home (2021). He also directed and co-wrote the films Clown (2014), Cop Car (2015), and Wolfs (2024); as well as directing many episodes of the parody television news series Onion News Network. Watts has also directed music videos for electronic music artists such as Fatboy Slim and Swedish House Mafia.
Kangra Valley
Kangra Valley is a river valley situated in the Western Himalayas. It lies in the state of Himachal Pradesh in India, and is a popular tourist destination. The Kangri language is spoken there. 
Dharamshala, the headquarters of Kangra district and the main city of the valley, lies on the southern spur (lateral ridge) of Dhauladhar.

Dhauladhar
Dhauladhar (Hindi: धौलाधार) (lit. 'The White Range') is a mountain range which is part of a lesser Himalayan chain of mountains in northern India. It rises from the Shivalik hills, to the north of Kangra and Mandi. Dharamsala, the headquarters of Kangra district and the winter capital of the state of Himachal Pradesh, lies on its southern spur in the Kangra Valley. Chamba lies to the North of this range.
Yerevan Football Academy
Officially, the Technical Center-Academy of the Football Federation of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի ֆուտբոլի ֆեդերացիայի Տեխնիկական կենտրոն-ակադեմիա), commonly known as the Yerevan Football Academy or Avan Football Academy, is a modern football training school located in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia.

The purpose of the centre is to be the base for all coaching and development work undertaken by the Football Federation of Armenia, and the training and preparation ground for all of the Armenia national football teams.

Football Federation of Armenia
The Football Federation of Armenia (FFA) (Armenian: Հայաստանի Ֆուտբոլի Ֆեդերացիա, Hayastani Futboli Federats’ia) is the governing body of football in Armenia. Its headquarters are located in Yerevan.

The Federation organizes the Armenian Premier League, the Armenian First League, the Armenian Super Cup, the Armenian Independence Cup, and the Armenian Futsal Premier League. It is responsible for appointing the management of the Armenia national football team, and the Armenia women's national football team. The Armenia national futsal team is also managed by the Federation.

The FFA was awarded a synthetic football turf pitch by FIFA through its GOAL programme.
Salicylic acid
Salicylic acid is an organic compound with the formula C7H6O3. A colorless (or white), bitter-tasting solid, it is a precursor to and a metabolite of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). It is a plant hormone, and has been listed by the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Chemical Substance Inventory as an experimental teratogen. The name is from Latin salix for willow tree, from which it was initially identified and derived. It is an  ingredient in some anti-acne products. Salts and esters of salicylic acid are known as salicylates.

Plant hormone
Plant hormones (or phytohormones) are signal molecules, produced within plants, that occur in extremely low concentrations. Plant hormones control all aspects of plant growth and development, including embryogenesis, the regulation of organ size, pathogen defense, stress tolerance and reproductive development. Unlike in animals (in which hormone production is restricted to specialized glands) each plant cell is capable of producing hormones. Went and Thimann coined the term "phytohormone" and used it in the title of their 1937 book.

Phytohormones occur across the plant kingdom, and even in algae, where they have similar functions to those seen in vascular plants ("higher plants"). Some phytohormones also occur in microorganisms, such as unicellular fungi and bacteria, however in these cases they do not play a hormonal role and can better be regarded as secondary metabolites.
Daşoguz International Airport
Dashoguz International Airport (Turkmen: Daşoguz halkara howa menzili) (IATA: TAZ, ICAO: UTAT) (also spelled Daşoguz) is a major airport in Daşoguz Region, Turkmenistan located 15 km southwest of Daşoguz. The airport mostly serves scheduled domestic destinations. The airport's capacity is 400 people per hour. The airport services airliners and helicopters of all sizes, including planes as large as the Boeing 747, and the Il-96. Its ICAO category is 4E, all weather condition ICAO CAT1 . Airport have 24/7 ATC operations and 10 parking places for planes.

Daşoguz
Daşoguz (Turkmen pronunciation: [ˌdɑːʃoˈʁuːð]), formerly known as Tashauz (Russian: Ташауз [təʂɐˈus]) until 1992 and Dashkhovuz (Russian: Дашховуз [dəʂxɐˈvus]) until 1999, is a city in northern Turkmenistan and the capital of Daşoguz Province. The border with Uzbekistan is about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away.
North London
North London is the northern part of London, England, north of the River Thames and the City of London. It extends from Clerkenwell and Finsbury, on the edge of the City of London financial district, to Greater London's boundary with Hertfordshire. The term is occasionally used in reference to all of London north of the River Thames.

The term differentiates the area from South London, East London and West London. Some parts of North London are also part of Central London.

South London
South London is the southern part of London, England, mostly south of the River Thames. The region consists of the boroughs, in whole or in part, of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.

South London originally emerged from Southwark, first recorded as Suthriganaweorc, meaning 'fort of the men of Surrey'. From Southwark, London then extended further down into northern Surrey and western Kent.
Laurence Housman
Laurence Housman (/ˈhaʊsmən/; 18 July 1865 – 20 February 1959) was an English playwright, writer and illustrator whose career stretched from the 1890s to the 1950s. He studied art in London and worked largely as an illustrator during the first years of his career, before shifting focus to writing. He was a younger brother of the poet A. E. Housman and his sister and fellow activist in the women's suffrage movement was writer/illustrator Clemence Housman.

Clemence Housman
Clemence Annie Housman (23 November 1861 – 6 December 1955) was an author, illustrator and activist in the women's suffrage movement. She was the sister of A. E. Housman and Laurence Housman. Her novels included The Were-Wolf, Unknown Sea and The Life of Sir Aglovale De Galis. She was also a leading figure in the suffragette movement.
Artemether
Artemether is a medication used for the treatment of malaria. The injectable form is specifically used for severe malaria rather than quinine. In adults, it may not be as effective as artesunate. It is given by injection in a muscle. It is also available by mouth in combination with lumefantrine, known as artemether/lumefantrine.

Artemether causes relatively few side effects. An irregular heartbeat may rarely occur. While there is evidence that use during pregnancy may be harmful in animals, there is no evidence of concern in humans. The World Health Organization (WHO) therefore recommends its use during pregnancy. It is in the artemisinin class of medication.

Artemether has been studied since at least 1981, and has been in medical use since 1987. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Lumefantrine
Lumefantrine (or benflumetol) is an antimalarial drug. It is only used in combination with artemether. This combination is frequently the first-line medication for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Lumefantrine has a much longer half-life compared to artemether (3-6 days vs. 2 hours), and is therefore thought to clear any residual parasites that remain after combination treatment.
Vladimir Pchelintsev
Vladimir Nikolayevich Pchelintsev (Russian: Владимир Николаевич Пчелинцев; 30 August 1919 – 27 July 1997) was a Soviet sniper during World War II. Awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union in 1942 for killing 152 enemy soldiers, he took part in a Soviet delegation with Lyudmila Pavlichenko to the United States. In one of his memoirs he claimed to have a tally of 456 enemy soldiers killed, although most historians believe the tally is around 152 kills.

Lyudmila Pavlichenko
Lyudmila Mikhailovna Pavlichenko (née Belova; 12 July [O.S. 29 June] 1916 – 10 October 1974) was a Soviet sniper in the Red Army during World War II. She is credited with killing 309 enemy combatants, thus making her the deadliest female sniper and as one of the deadliest snipers in history. She served in the Red Army during the siege of Odessa and the siege of Sevastopol, during the early stages of the fighting on the Eastern Front.

After she was injured in battle by a mortar shell, she was evacuated to Moscow. After she recovered from her injuries, she trained other Red Army snipers and was a public spokeswoman for the Red Army. In 1942, she toured the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. After the war ended in 1945, she was reassigned as a senior researcher for the Soviet Navy. She died of a stroke at the age of 58.
The Paddock, Chatham
The Paddock is a historic public space located in the town centre of Chatham, Kent. Situated in and between Chatham Waterfront, Chatham Waterfront bus station and the Pentagon Shopping Centre, it has served as an important green space for over a century. Originally known as The Shrubbery, the area was later renamed The Paddock. The space has undergone several transformations over the years, evolving from a Edwardian park to an urban plaza, reflecting the development of Chatham itself.

Chatham Waterfront
Chatham Waterfront is a regenerated area situated along the River Medway in Chatham, Kent, England. The site has significant historical connections to Chatham Dockyard and the British maritime industry, having undergone extensive redevelopment in recent decades. This regeneration has prioritized improvements to transport infrastructure, creation of residential developments, establishment of commercial spaces, and enhancement of public amenities.
K-2SO
K-2SO (also referred to as K2 or Kay-Tuesso) is a droid character in the Star Wars franchise, first appearing in the film Rogue One (2016), and reappearing in the second season of Andor (2025). He is a CGI character voiced and portrayed through motion capture by Alan Tudyk. K-2SO is a reprogrammed Imperial security droid and the co-pilot of Cassian Andor.

Droid (Star Wars)
In the Star Wars space opera franchise, a droid is a fictional robot possessing some degree of artificial intelligence. The term is a  clipped form of "android", a word originally reserved for robots designed to look and act like a human. The word "android" itself stems from the New Latin word "androīdēs", meaning "manlike", itself from the Ancient Greek ἀνδρος (andrós) (genitive of ἀνήρ (anḗr), "man (adult male)" or "human being") + -ειδής (-eidḗs), itself from εἶδος (eîdos, "form, image, shape, appearance, look").

Writer and director George Lucas first used the term "droid" in the second draft script of Star Wars, completed 28 January 1975. However, the word does have a precedent: science fiction writer Mari Wolf used the word in her story "Robots of the World! Arise!" in 1952. It is not known if Lucas knew of this reference when he wrote Star Wars, or if he came up with the term independently.

The word "droid" has been a registered trademark of Lucasfilm Ltd since 1977.
Reactive planning
In artificial intelligence, reactive planning denotes a group of techniques for action selection by autonomous agents. These techniques differ from classical planning in two aspects. First, they operate in a timely fashion and hence can cope with highly dynamic and unpredictable  environments. Second, they compute just one next action in every instant, based on the current context.  Reactive planners often (but not always) exploit reactive plans, which are stored structures describing the agent's priorities and behaviour. The term reactive planning goes back to at least 1988, and is synonymous with the more modern term dynamic planning.

Automated planning and scheduling
Automated planning and scheduling, sometimes denoted as simply AI planning, is a branch of artificial intelligence that concerns the realization of strategies or action sequences, typically for execution by intelligent agents, autonomous robots and unmanned vehicles. Unlike classical control and classification problems, the solutions are complex and must be discovered and optimized in multidimensional space. Planning is also related to decision theory.

In known environments with available models, planning can be done offline. Solutions can be found and evaluated prior to execution. In dynamically unknown environments, the strategy often needs to be revised online. Models and policies must be adapted. Solutions usually resort to iterative trial and error processes commonly seen in artificial intelligence. These include dynamic programming, reinforcement learning and combinatorial optimization. Languages used to describe planning and scheduling are often called action languages.
Lockheed XB-30
The Lockheed XB-30 (company model L-249) was the design submitted by Lockheed after the request by the United States Army Air Forces for a very heavy bomber, the same request that led to the Boeing B-29 Superfortress, the Douglas XB-31 and Consolidated B-32 Dominator.

Consolidated B-32 Dominator
The Consolidated B-32 Dominator (Consolidated Model 34) was an American heavy strategic bomber built for the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. A B-32 was involved in the last air combat engagement of the war, resulting in the war's last American air combat death. It was developed by Consolidated Aircraft in parallel with the Boeing B-29 Superfortress as a fallback design should the B-29 prove unsuccessful. The B-32 reached units in the Pacific only in mid-May 1945, and subsequently saw only limited combat operations against Japanese targets before the end of the war on 2 September 1945. Most of the extant orders of the B-32 were canceled shortly thereafter and only 118 B-32 airframes of all types were built.
Snidely Whiplash
Snidely Whiplash is a fictional character who originally appeared as the main antagonist in the Dudley Do-Right of the Mounties segments of the animated television series The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show.  He is the archenemy of Dudley Do-Right. He was listed among the 100 greatest characters in television animation.

Dudley Do-Right
Dudley Do-Right is a fictional character created by Alex Anderson, Chris Hayward, Allan Burns,  Jay Ward, and Bill Scott, who appears as the main protagonist of "Dudley Do-Right of the Mounties", a segment on The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends.

The segment parodies early 20th-century melodrama and silent film (the "Northern"), using only a piano as a musical background.

Dudley Do-Right's first appearance specifically incorporates silent film tropes such as intertitles and iris shots, as well as incorporating a similar plot to 1921 silent film O'Malley of the Mounted, starring William S. Hart.
Edwin DeVries Vanderhoop Homestead
The Edwin DeVries Vanderhoop Homestead, is an historic house at 35 South Road, Aquinnah, Massachusetts, United States.  The c. 1890s house is the first built by a member of the Vanderhoop family, which is prominent in the town politics of Aquinnah and in the tribal organization of the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

It is now operated as a museum called the Aquinnah Cultural Center and features exhibits on tribal history and culture.

Aquinnah Cultural Center
Aquinnah Cultural Center (ACC) is a non-profit museum and education center, based in Aquinnah, Massachusetts, dedicated to preserving and promoting Aquinnah Wampanoag history, culture and contributions on Martha’s Vineyard.