hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
The declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus was a unilateral declaration of independence (UDI) from the Republic of Cyprus by the Turkish Cypriot parliament on 15 November 1983.

Eight years after the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus was proclaimed (in 1975), the declaration of North Cyprus was presented to the Turkish Cypriot parliament in North Nicosia by Turkish Cypriot Leader and Northern Cypriot State President Rauf Denktaş on 15 November 1983. Containing text espousing human rights and a desire to live side-by-side with the Greek Cypriot population, it ended with a declaration that Northern Cyprus was an independent and sovereign state, naming the entity the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). The Turkish Cypriot Parliament passed a unanimous resolution later that day ratifying the declaration.

Turkish Federated State of Cyprus
The Turkish Federated State of Cyprus (TFSC) was a state in Northern Cyprus, declared in 1975 and existed until 1983. This state was not recognised by the international community. It was succeeded by the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
The Albany Shantymen
The Albany Shantymen are an Australian vocal group from Albany, Western Australia.

They currently consist of 15 members and perform primarily sea shanties and folk music in the English tradition, as well as composing and recording their own music. They came to the attention of media for their rendition of the 1800s folk song "Wellerman", as the song was popularized on the video sharing social network service TikTok in early 2021 by singer Nathan Evans.

Wellerman
"Soon May the Wellerman Come", also known as "Wellerman" or "The Wellerman", is a folk song in ballad style first published in New Zealand in the 1970s. The "wellermen" were supply ships owned by the Weller brothers, three merchant traders in the 1800s who were amongst the earliest European settlers of the Otago region of New Zealand.

In early 2021, a cover by Scottish singer Nathan Evans became a viral hit on the social media site TikTok, leading to a "social media craze" around sea shanties and maritime songs.
Crosson Ice Shelf
The Crosson Ice Shelf (74°57′S 109°30′W﻿ / ﻿74.950°S 109.500°W﻿ / -74.950; -109.500) is an ice shelf, about 35 nautical miles (65 km; 40 mi) wide, located north and northeast of Mount Murphy along the Walgreen Coast of Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica.
The ice shelf is nurtured by Smith Glacier, Pope Glacier, Vane Glacier, and Haynes Glacier.

Mount Murphy
Mount Murphy (75°20′S 110°44′W﻿ / ﻿75.333°S 110.733°W﻿ / -75.333; -110.733﻿ (Mount Murphy)) is a snow-covered mountain with steep, rocky slopes rising to 2,634 metres (8,642 ft) in Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica.
It is directly south of Bear Peninsula and is bounded by Smith Glacier, Pope Glacier, and Haynes Glacier.
Volcanic activity began in the Miocene with the eruption of basaltic and trachytic lava. Volcanism on the slopes of the volcano resumed much later during the Pleistocene, with a parasitic cone having been K–Ar dated to 0.9 million years old.
Ludlow Amendment
The Ludlow Amendment was a proposed amendment to the Constitution of the United States which called for a national referendum on any declaration of war by Congress, except in cases when the United States had been attacked first. Representative Louis Ludlow (D-Indiana) introduced the amendment several times between 1935 and 1940. Supporters argued that ordinary people, who were called upon to fight and die during wartime, should have a direct vote on their country's involvement in military conflicts.

War referendum
A war referendum is a proposed type of referendum in which citizens would decide whether a nation should go to war. No such referendum has ever taken place. The earliest idea of a war referendum came from the Marquis de Condorcet in 1793 and Immanuel Kant in 1795.
Gamzigrad
Gamzigrad (Serbian Cyrillic: Гамзиград, pronounced [ɡǎmziɡraːd] ⓘ) is an archaeological site, spa resort, and UNESCO World Heritage Site of Serbia, located south of the Danube river, in the city of Zaječar. It is the location of the ancient Roman complex of palaces and temples Felix Romuliana (Serbian: Феликс Ромулијана / Feliks Romulijana), built by Emperor Galerius in Dacia Ripensis. The main area covers 10 acres (40,000 m2).

Galerius
Galerius Valerius Maximianus (/ɡəˈlɛəriəs/; Greek: Γαλέριος; c. 258 – May 311) was Roman emperor from 305 to 311. He participated in the system of government later known as the Tetrarchy, first acting as caesar under Emperor Diocletian. In this period Galerius obtained victory warring against the Persian Sasanian Empire, defeating Narseh at the battle of Satala in 298 and possibly sacking the Sasanian capital of Ctesiphon in 299. He also campaigned across the Danube against the Carpi, defeating them in 297 and 300. Galerius was promoted to augustus upon the abdication of Diocletian in 305, but had to contend with multiple usurpers as the Tetrarchic system broke down. Although he was a staunch opponent of Christianity, he ended the Diocletianic Persecution by issuing the Edict of Serdica in 311.
Ucea–Victoria railway line
The Ucea–Victoria railway line is a Romanian 9 km (5.6 mi) standard gauge single-track railway branching from Ucea railway station on CFR line 200, at 413 m (1,355 ft) above sea, and heading South towards Victoria city, at 591 m (1,939 ft) above sea.

It is currently used only for freight transport by Viromet S.A. in Victoria.

Ucea
Ucea (German: Gassendorf; Hungarian: Alsóucsa) is a commune in Brașov County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Corbi (Korb), Feldioara (Földvár), Ucea de Jos (the commune center), and Ucea de Sus (Felsőucsa).
Fiat Croma
The Fiat Croma name was used for two distinct large family cars by  Fiat, one a five door liftback manufactured and marketed from 1985 to 1996, and after a nine-year hiatus, a crossover station wagon manufactured and marketed from 2004 to 2010.

D-segment
The D-segment is the 4th category of the European segments for passenger cars, and is described as "large cars".

It is equivalent to the Euro NCAP "large family car" size class, and the present-day definition of the mid-size car category used in North America. Compact executive cars are part of the D-segment size category.

D-segment sales represented about 7% of the market in the 2010s.
Michael II Komnenos Doukas
Michael II Komnenos Doukas, Latinized as Comnenus Ducas (Greek: Μιχαήλ Β΄ Κομνηνός Δούκας, Mikhaēl II Komnēnos Doukas), often called Michael Angelos in narrative sources, was from 1230 until his death in 1266/68 the ruler of the Despotate of Epirus, which included Epirus in northwestern Greece, the western part of Greek Macedonia and Thessaly, and western Greece as far south as Nafpaktos.

Nikephoros I Komnenos Doukas
Nikephoros I Komnenos Doukas, Latinized as Nicephorus I Comnenus Ducas (Greek: Νικηφόρος Κομνηνός Δούκας, romanized: Nikēphoros Komnēnos Doukas; c. 1240 – c. 1290) was ruler of Epirus from 1267/8 to his death in 1296/98.
Raymond Lesniak
Raymond J. Lesniak (born May 7, 1946) is an American Democratic Party politician, who served in the New Jersey State Senate from 1983 to 2018, where he represented the 20th Legislative District. Before entering the New Jersey Senate, Lesniak served in the General Assembly from 1978 to 1983. Lesniak was once considered a major power broker in the Democratic Party, having served as New Jersey Democratic State Chairman, also serving as New Jersey Chair for Clinton/Gore in 1996 and as a major fundraiser for Gore/Lieberman in 2000. Lesniak finished a distant fourth place as a candidate for Governor of New Jersey in the 2017 election.

New Jersey Democratic State Committee
The New Jersey Democratic State Committee (NJDSC) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of New Jersey. LeRoy J. Jones Jr. is the chair and Peg Schaffer is the vice chair. Its main rival is the New Jersey Republican Party.

It is currently the dominant party in the state, controlling every statewide office, including both of the state's U.S. Senate seats and the governorship, as well as 9 out of 12 U.S. House seats and both chambers of the state legislature.
NTV (Turkish TV channel)
NTV is a Turkish free-to-air nationwide television news channel owned by Doğuş Media Group.

It was partnered with MSNBC between May 2000 and 2014. Besides domestic and international news, the channel's programming includes documentaries, as well as programs on finance, arts and culture, lifestyle, and sports.

Doğuş Media Group
Doğuş Media Group (Doğuş Yayın Grubu) is a Turkish media conglomerate, part of the Doğuş Group conglomerate. Its properties include the news channel NTV (since 1999) the music channel Kral TV (since 2008) the entertainment channel Star TV (since 2011).

From 2009 to 2013 it published history magazine NTV Tarih.
Arthur Heygate Mackmurdo
Arthur Heygate Mackmurdo (12 December 1851 – 15 March 1942) was a progressive English architect and designer, who influenced the Arts and Crafts Movement, notably through the  Century Guild of Artists, which he set up in partnership with Herbert Horne in 1882. He was the pioneer of the Modern Style (British Art Nouveau style) and in turn global Art Nouveau movement.

Herbert Horne
Herbert Percy Horne (1864 in London – 1916 in Florence, Italy) was an English poet, architect, typographer and designer, art historian and antiquarian. He was an associate of the Rhymers' Club in London. He edited the magazines The Century Guild Hobby Horse and The Hobby Horse for the Century Guild of Artists, which he founded with fellow architect Arthur Heygate Mackmurdo in 1882.

Horne was closely associated with Arthur Symons and Selwyn Image and their mistress Muriel (Edith) Broadbent. Later in life he settled in Florence, restoring a Renaissance palazzo into which he eventually moved. He first visited Italy in 1889 and kept an illustrated journal of his travels and art and architectural research.  His monograph on Sandro Botticelli from 1908 is still recognised as of exceptional quality and thoroughness.
Marilinda Garcia
Marilinda Joy Garcia (born c. 1983) is an American lobbyist and politician from the state of New Hampshire. A Republican, she served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives, representing the Rockingham 8th district from 2012 to 2014. She previously represented the Rockingham 4th district from 2007 to 2009 and from 2009 to 2012. A harpist, Garcia is also a music teacher.

Garcia was the Republican nominee for New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district in the 2014 elections on September 9, 2014. Garnering 45% of the vote, she lost the general election on November 4, 2014, to Ann McLane Kuster.

Annie Kuster
Ann L. McLane Kuster (born September 5, 1956) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the U.S. representative for New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district from 2013 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party, she previously worked as a lobbyist.

Kuster chaired the New Democrat Coalition, a centrist caucus among House Democrats.

Kuster announced on March 27, 2024, that she would not seek re-election to a seventh term in the U.S. House.
KBKS-FM
KBKS-FM (106.1 MHz) – branded as Hits 106.1 – is a commercial radio station licensed to Tacoma, Washington, and serving the Seattle metropolitan area. Owned by iHeartMedia, it broadcasts a top 40 (CHR) format. The studios and offices are located on Elliott Avenue West in the Belltown neighborhood of Seattle. The transmitter is on Tiger Mountain, in Issaquah.

KBKS is the flagship station of the syndicated morning show The Jubal Show.

KQMV
KQMV (92.5 FM, "Movin' 92-5") is a commercial radio station licensed to Bellevue, Washington, and serving the Seattle-Tacoma-Puget Sound radio market. The Hubbard Broadcasting, Inc. outlet airs a contemporary hit radio radio format.

KQMV has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 56,800 watts (60,000 with beam tilt).  The transmitter is located in Issaquah on Tiger Mountain.  The studios and offices are located at Newport Corporate Center in Bellevue.

KQMV was the flagship station of the syndicated show "Brooke & Jubal in the Morning", hosted by Brooke Fox, Jubal Fresh, José Bolanos and Lydia Cruz. The show was later replaced by "Brooke & Jeffrey in the Morning", with Jeffrey Dubow taking the place of Fresh after he decided to leave the station. Jeffrey Dubow, Brooke Fox, Jose Bolanos and Alexis Fuller all host the show currently.   The show is distributed by Premiere Networks.
Friendship (Pittsburgh)
Friendship is a neighborhood of large Victorian houses in the East End of the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, about four miles (6 km) east of Pittsburgh's Golden Triangle.  Friendship is bordered on the north by Garfield (at Penn Avenue), on the east by East Liberty (at Negley Avenue), on the south by Shadyside (at Centre Avenue), and on the west by Bloomfield (at Graham Street, according to the City of Pittsburgh). It is divided into three Pittsburgh City Council districts (7, 8, and 9).

Garfield (Pittsburgh)
Garfield is a neighborhood in the East End of the City of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. Garfield is bordered on the South by Bloomfield and Friendship (at Penn Avenue), on the West by the Allegheny Cemetery (at Mathilda Street), on the North by Stanton Heights (at Mossfield Street), and on the East by East Liberty (at Negley Avenue). Like many parts of Pittsburgh, Garfield is a fairly steep neighborhood, with north-south residential streets running at about a 20% incline from Penn Avenue at the bottom to Mossfield Street at the top. Garfield is divided into “the valley” and “the hilltop.”

Garfield is part of District 9 on the Pittsburgh City Council, and is currently represented by Khari Mosley.
Paul von Radivojevich
Paul von Radivojevich (1759 – 15 July 1829) was an Austrian army corps commander in the army of the Austrian Empire during the late Napoleonic Wars. He joined the army of the Habsburg monarchy in 1782 and fought in one of the early battles of the French Revolutionary Wars. He led a Grenz Infantry Regiment before being promoted to general officer in 1807. He led a brigade at Eckmühl in 1809, a division in the summer of 1813, and a corps at Caldiero in 1813 and at the Mincio in 1814. During the 1815 Italian campaign, he led a corps in Switzerland, Piedmont, and France. After the wars, he commanded part of the Military Frontier. He was Proprietor (Inhaber) of an infantry regiment from 1815 until his death in 1829.

Battle of the Mincio River (1814)
In the War of the Sixth Coalition, the Battle of the Mincio River was fought on 8 February 1814 and resulted in an inconclusive engagement between the French under Eugène de Beauharnais and the Austrians under Field Marshal Heinrich von Bellegarde. Fought on the same ground as Napoleon's victory at the Battle of Borghetto in 1796, the battle was not as decisive as Eugène hoped, and in the end it had little significant impact upon the war, whose outcome was to be decided in France rather than Italy.
Hotel San Carlos (Phoenix)
The Hotel San Carlos branch in Phoenix, Arizona, also known as San Carlos Hotel, is both an operating hotel and tourist site. It has been associated with ghost sightings.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1983 as San Carlos Hotel. Hotel San Carlos is a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation

Historic Hotels of America
Historic Hotels of America is a program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation that was founded in 1989 with 32 charter members; the program identifies hotels in the United States that have maintained authenticity, sense of place, and architectural integrity from their respective time periods.

As of 2025, the program includes 288 hotels in 44 of the 50 states, as well as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Washington, D.C..
Eliza Orlins
Eliza Orlins (born December 25, 1982) is an American reality television contestant and public defender. She is best known for her appearances on Survivor and The Amazing Race. Orlins is also a public defender with The Legal Aid Society. In 2020, she announced her candidacy for the 2021 New York County District Attorney election; she finished 7th in the Democratic primary.

2021 Manhattan District Attorney election
The 2021 Manhattan District Attorney election was held on November 2, 2021, to elect the Manhattan District Attorney. The incumbent, Cyrus Vance Jr., had announced in March 2021 that he would not seek a fourth term.

The Democratic primary election was held on June 22, 2021. Despite the introduction of ranked-choice voting for other elected positions in New York City, this race used plurality voting, as it is a state position, rather than a city position.

A key issue in the election was which candidate would be best equipped to criminally prosecute or civilly sue former President Donald Trump.
Charles E. Merrill Jr.
Charles Edward Merrill Jr. (August 17, 1920 – November 29, 2017) was an American educator, author, and philanthropist, best known for supporting historically black colleges and founding the Commonwealth School in Boston.

James Merrill
James Ingram Merrill (March 3, 1926 – February 6, 1995) was an American poet.  He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1977 for Divine Comedies. His poetry falls into two distinct bodies of work: the polished and formalist lyric poetry of his early career, and the epic narrative of occult communication with spirits and angels, titled The Changing Light at Sandover (published in three volumes from 1976 to 1980), which dominated his later career. Although most of his published work was poetry, he also wrote essays, fiction, and plays.
General Congregation
The General Congregation is an assembly of the Jesuit representatives from all parts of the world, and serves as the highest authority in the Society of Jesus. A General Congregation (GC) is always summoned on the death or resignation of the administrative head of the order, called the Superior General or Father General, to choose his successor, and it may be called at other times if circumstances warrant. A smaller congregation of worldwide representatives meets every three years to discuss internal business and to decide the need for a general congregation.

Superior general of the Society of Jesus
The superior general of the Society of Jesus is the leader of the Society of Jesus, the Catholic religious order also known as the Jesuits. He is generally addressed as Father General. The position sometimes carries the nickname of the Black Pope, because of his responsibility for the largest male religious order, in contrast with the white garb of the pope. The thirty-first and current superior general is Fr Arturo Sosa, elected by the 36th General Congregation on 14 October 2016.
Holiday World & Splashin' Safari
Holiday World & Splashin' Safari, originally known as Santa Claus Land, is a theme park and water park located in Santa Claus, Indiana. The park opened in 1946 and features rides, live entertainment, and games. It is divided into four sections that celebrate Christmas, Halloween, Thanksgiving, and the Fourth of July. Holiday World features three wooden roller coasters, most notably The Voyage, which has consistently ranked in Amusement Today's Golden Ticket Awards as one of the best in the world. The park is also home to three steel coasters.

The water park, Splashin' Safari, opened in 1993 and features two of the longest water coasters in the world, Wildebeest and Mammoth, the latter of which holds a Guinness World Record. The water park also contains raft rides, water slides, and other family-friendly water attractions.

Water slide
A water slide (also referred to as a flume, water chute, or hydroslide) is a type of slide designed for warm-weather or indoor recreational use at swimming pools or water parks. Water slides differ in their riding method and therefore size. Some slides require riders to sit directly on the slide, or on a raft or tube designed to be used with the slide.

A typical water slide uses a pump system to pump water to the top which is then allowed to freely flow down its surface. The water reduces friction so sliders travel down the slide very quickly. Water slides run into a swimming pool (often called a plunge pool) or a long run-out chute.
Juggy Murray
Juggy Murray (November 24, 1923 – February 8, 2005) was an American record label owner, producer and singer-songwriter. He co-founded Sue Records which launched the career of Ike & Tina Turner. Subsidiary labels under the Sue were Symbol, Broadway, Eastern and Crackerjack. Murray recorded artists Don Covay, Jimmy McGriff, Inez Foxx, and Baby Washington, as well as releasing solo records.

Sue Records
Sue Records was also the name of a Louisiana-based record company which owned Jewel Records (Shreveport record label).

Sue Records ("The Sound of Soul") was an American record label founded by Henry 'Juggy' Murray and Bobby Robinson in 1957. Subsidiaries on the label were Symbol Records, Crackerjack Records, Broadway Records and Eastern Records. Sue also financed and distributed A.F.O. Records owned by Harold Battiste in New Orleans.
Liqian
Liqian (simplified Chinese: 骊靬; traditional Chinese: 驪靬; pinyin: Líqián; Wade–Giles: Li-ch'ien) was a county established during the Western Han dynasty and located in the south of modern Yongchang County, Jinchang, in Gansu province of Northwest China. The Western Han inhabitants of the county had migrated to the area from western regions. The county was renamed Liqian (力乾) during the Northern Wei dynasty and disestablished during the Sui dynasty, becoming part of Fanhe County. There is a theory that some of the modern-day residents of Zhelaizhai (now Liqian village, in Jiaojiazhuang township) are descendants of a group of Roman soldiers that were never accounted for after being captured in the Battle of Carrhae. However, Chinese authorities, a 2007 genetic study, and archaeologists have debunked this theory.

Zhelaizhai
Zhelaizhai (simplified Chinese: 者来寨; traditional Chinese: 者來寨; pinyin: Zhěláizhài) is a village on the edge of the Gobi desert in Gansu province, China. The area was renamed after Liqian, an ancient county, and is located in Jiaojiazhuang township, Yongchang County. Some of the modern-day residents of Zhelaizhai, now known as Liqian village, have been suspected to be descendants of a group of Roman soldiers that were never accounted for after being captured in the Battle of Carrhae. Although this story has been seized upon by some area residents, recent authorities have shown that the notion has serious shortcomings.
Cabrales
Cabrales is a municipality in the autonomous community of Asturias, Spain. It is situated between the Sierra de Cuera and the Picos de Europa, and is a region famous for its Cabrales cheese. It is divided into nine parishes; Las Arenas is the largest, with a population 767 as of 2023. The population for the municipality as a whole sat at 1,918 as of 2023.

Las Arenas (Cabrales)
Las Arenas is one of nine parishes in Cabrales, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

It is 20.15 km2 (7.78 sq mi) in size with a population of 882 (INE 2011).