hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marvin Allen (soccer)
E. Marvin Allen Jr. (January 6, 1915 – September 13, 1996) was an American former collegiate head soccer coach. He started the University of North Carolina soccer program in 1947, and became the program's first ever coach. From 1947 to 1976, he coached the North Carolina men's soccer program. He compiled a 174-81-23(.667) record in 30 years with the Tar Heels, boasting a 53-41-16(.555) mark in ACC play. He coached soccer coaching legend Anson Dorrance at UNC.

In 1962, he served as president of the National Soccer Coaches Association of America (NSCAA). He was inducted into the NSCAA Hall of Fame in 1988. He died in 1996, and was posthumously inducted into the North Carolina Soccer Hall of Fame.

Anson Dorrance
Albert Anson Dorrance IV (born April 9, 1951) is an American retired soccer coach. He was the head coach of the women's soccer program at the University of North Carolina (UNC) from 1979 to 2024 and of the men's program from 1977 through 1988. He has one of the most successful coaching records in the history of athletics. Under Dorrance's leadership, the Tar Heels women won 21 of the 41 NCAA Women's Soccer Championships, and their record under Dorrance stands at 809-67-36 (W-L-D; .919 winning percentage). He led his team to a 101-game unbeaten streak and coached 13 different women to a total of 20 National Player of the Year awards.

The NCAA has recognized Dorrance as the Women's Soccer Coach of the Year seven times (1982, 1986, 1997, 2000, 2001, 2003 and 2006) and as the Men's Soccer Coach of the Year in 1987. On March 10, 2008, Dorrance was elected to the National Soccer Hall of Fame.
Florida State Road 55
State Road 55 (SR 55) is mainly the internal or secret designation of U.S. Route 19 through Florida, although it has appeared on maps and atlases on several occasions.  State Road 55 originates at the Georgia state line north of Ashville, and ends at SR 684 in Bradenton.  North of Perry, it is the secret route for US 221, continuing north into Georgia as Georgia State Route 76.  South of Memphis, it is a secret designation for US 41; it is also a secret designation for US 301 in the Bradenton - Palmetto area, along a segment co-signed with US 41.

Very little evidence of SR 55's existence can be found, except in Levy, Dixie, and Taylor counties.  In Dixie County, for example, there's a CR 55A in Old Town and Fanning Springs.  In Chiefland, US 19's status as SR 55 is exposed in street-name signs, and one shield south of US 27 ALT.

U.S. Route 221 in Florida
U.S. Route 221 (US 221) in Florida is a north–south United States Highway. It runs 40 miles (64 km) from Perry northwest to the Georgia State Line in Taylor, Madison and Jefferson Counties. The entire route is inventoried by FDOT as the northern section of unsigned State Road 55. A short overlap with US 90 exists in Greenville.
Orbital hybridisation
In chemistry, orbital hybridisation (or hybridization) is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals (with different energies, shapes, etc., than the component atomic orbitals) suitable for the pairing of electrons to form chemical bonds in valence bond theory. For example, in a carbon atom which forms four single bonds, the valence-shell s orbital combines with three valence-shell p orbitals to form four equivalent sp3 mixtures in a tetrahedral arrangement around the carbon to bond to four different atoms. Hybrid orbitals are useful in the explanation of molecular geometry and atomic bonding properties and are symmetrically disposed in space. Usually hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing atomic orbitals of comparable energies.

Tetrahedral molecular geometry
In a tetrahedral molecular geometry, a central atom is located at the center with four substituents that are located at the corners of a tetrahedron. The bond angles are arccos(−⁠1/3⁠) = 109.4712206...° ≈ 109.5° when all four substituents are the same, as in methane (CH4) as well as its heavier analogues. Methane and other perfectly symmetrical tetrahedral molecules belong to point group Td, but most tetrahedral molecules have lower symmetry. Tetrahedral molecules can be chiral.
Israel Port Authority
The Israel Ports Authority (Hebrew: רשות הספנות והנמלים) is the governmental agency which supervises and regulates the operation of Israel's seaports in Haifa, Ashdod and Eilat. It is headquartered in Haifa.

Port of Ashdod
The Port of Ashdod (Hebrew: נמל אשדוד) is one of Israel's three main cargo ports. The port is located in Ashdod, about 40 kilometers south of Tel Aviv, adjoining the mouth of the Lachish River. Its establishment significantly enhanced the country's port capacity. It handles the largest volume of cargo containers annually (1.525 million TEU in 2017) of all Israeli ports. Ships carrying humanitarian aid for the Gaza Strip also unload their cargo at Ashdod.
Jean Spencer Ashbrook
Emily Jean Ashbrook (née Spencer; born September 21, 1934) is a former American politician. She is the widow of Congressman John M. Ashbrook, a Republican from Ohio. She then completed her late husband's final term of office, also as a Republican.

John M. Ashbrook
John Milan Ashbrook (September 21, 1928 – April 24, 1982) was an American politician and newspaper publisher. A member of the Republican Party, he  served in the United States House of Representatives from Ohio from 1961 until his death. Ashbrook was associated with the New Right. He ran against President Richard Nixon in the 1972 Republican Party presidential primaries, attempting to appeal to voters who believed Nixon was insufficiently conservative, but he failed to win any statewide contests. At the time of his death, he was running for U.S. Senate in Ohio in the 1982 election.
MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1
MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1, also known as Icarus, is a blue supergiant star observed through a gravitational lens. It is the seventh most distant individual star to have been detected so far (after Earendel, Godzilla, Mothra, Quyllur, star-1 and star-2), at approximately 14 billion light-years from Earth (redshift z=1.49; comoving distance of 14.4 billion light-years; lookback time of 9.34 billion years). Light from the star was emitted 4.4 billion years after the Big Bang. According to co-discoverer Patrick Kelly, the star is at least a hundred times more distant than the next-farthest non-supernova star observed, SDSS J1229+1122, and is the first magnified individual star seen.

Gravitational lens
A gravitational lens is matter, such as a cluster of galaxies or a point particle, that bends light from a distant source as it travels toward an observer. The amount of gravitational lensing is described by Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity. If light is treated as corpuscles travelling at the speed of light, Newtonian physics also predicts the bending of light, but only half of that predicted by general relativity.

Orest Khvolson (1924) and Frantisek Link (1936) are generally credited with being the first to discuss the effect in print, but it is more commonly associated with Einstein, who made unpublished calculations on it in 1912 and published an article on the subject in 1936.

In 1937, Fritz Zwicky posited that galaxy clusters could act as gravitational lenses, a claim confirmed in 1979 by observation of the Twin QSO SBS 0957+561.
CBERS-4
China–Brazil Earth Resources Satellite 4 (CBERS-4), also known as Ziyuan I-04 or Ziyuan 1E, is a remote sensing satellite intended for operation as part of the China–Brazil Earth Resources Satellite program between the Chinese Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application and Brazilian National Institute for Space Research. The fifth CBERS satellite to fly, it was successfully launched on 7 December 2014. It replaces CBERS-3 which was lost in a launch failure in December 2013.

CBERS-3
China–Brazil Earth Resources Satellite 3 (CBERS-3), also known as Ziyuan I-03 or Ziyuan 1D, was a remote sensing satellite intended for operation as part of the China–Brazil Earth Resources Satellite program between the Chinese Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application and Brazilian National Institute for Space Research. The fourth CBERS satellite to fly, it was lost in a launch failure in December 2013.
Edward Johnson (general)
Edward "Allegheny" Johnson (April 16, 1816 – March 2, 1873) was a United States Army officer and Confederate general in the American Civil War. Highly rated by Robert E. Lee, he was made a divisional commander under Richard S. Ewell. On the first evening of the Battle of Gettysburg (July 1, 1863), Ewell missed his opportunity to attack Cemetery Hill, and Johnson opted against attacking Culp's Hill, for which he had a discretionary order, though he attempted this on the second and third days. Ewell and Johnson are blamed by many for the loss of this decisive battle.

Richard S. Ewell
Richard Stoddert Ewell (February 8, 1817 – January 25, 1872) was an American military officer and a Confederate general during the American Civil War. He achieved fame as a senior commander under Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee and fought effectively through much of the war. Still, his legacy was clouded by controversies over his actions at the Battle of Gettysburg and the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House.
The Canton Hospital
The Canton Hospital (廣州博濟醫院) or Ophthalmic Hospital in Canton, also known as the Canton Pok Tsai Hospital, was founded by Protestant medical missionary Peter Parker in Canton, China on November 4, 1835. Known now as the Sun Yet Sen Memorial Hospital or the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet Sen University, it treated thousands of patients in need, became the center for the Medical Missionary Society in China, and still exists today as one of the most prestigious ophthalmic institutes in the world.

Medical Missionary Society of China
The Medical Missionary Society in China was a Protestant medical missionary society established in Canton, China, in 1838.

The first work of the society was to support the ophthalmic hospital in Canton run by Dr. Peter Parker, a medical missionary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. The founder and first president was Dr. Thomas Richardson Colledge. The society split in 1845 when some of the members moved to Hong Kong. Only the Canton society continued into the twentieth century. In its heyday the society supported mission hospitals staffed by British and American doctors at Canton, Hong Kong, Macao, Amoy, Ningpo and Shanghai. A number of young Chinese men were trained in Western medicine in the society's hospitals in the early days.
Takayama Festival
The Takayama Festivals (高山祭, Takayama Matsuri) in Takayama in Japan started in the 16th to 17th century. The festivals are believed to have been started during the rule of the Kanamori family. Correspondence dated 1692 place the origin to 40 years prior to that date. One of the festivals is held on 14 and 15 April and the other on 9 and 10 October.

The Spring Takayama Festival is centered on the Hie Shrine. The shrine is also known as the Sanno Shrine, and the spring festival is also known as the Sanno Festival.  The Sanno Festival is held to pray for a good harvest and the Autumn Festival is for giving thanks.

The Autumn festival is centered on the Sakurayama Hachiman Shrine and is referred to as the Hachiman Festival. It is held after the crops are harvested.  The fall festival is one of the three largest festivals in Japan. The other two are Kyoto's Gion Matsuri and the Chichibu Night Festival Matsuri.

Takayama, Gifu
Takayama (高山市, Takayama-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ta.ka(ꜜ).ja.ma, -ka.ja.maꜜ.ɕi]) is a city located in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2025, the city had an estimated population of 81,968 in 36,815 households, and a population density of 41 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 2,177.61 square kilometers (840.78 sq mi) making it the largest city by area in Japan. The high altitude and separation from other areas of Japan kept the area fairly isolated, allowing Takayama to develop its own culture over about a 300-year period.
National Bison Range Complex
The National Bison Range Complex includes four National Wildlife Refuges and the Northwest Montana Wetland Management District, and is located in the northwestern region of Montana in the northwestern United States.

Northwest Montana Wetland Management District
The Northwest Montana Wetland Management District is a wildlife management region in the U.S. state of Montana, a part of the National Bison Range Complex along with four other wildlife refuges and the National Bison Range.
Groninger Museum
The Groninger Museum (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣroːnɪŋər myˈzeːjʏm]) is an art museum in the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. The museum exhibits modern and contemporary art of local, national, and international artists.

The museum opened in 1874. The current post-modernist building consists of three main pavilions designed individually by architects Philippe Starck, Alessandro Mendini, Coop Himmelb(l)au, and was completed in 1994.

In 2024, there were just under 166,000 visitors to the museum. The current director is Roos Gortzak.

Coop Himmelb(l)au
Coop Himmelb(l)au (a pun meaning Coop Sky Building and Coop Sky Blue) is an architecture, urban planning, design, and art firm founded in 1968 by Wolf D. Prix, Helmut Swiczinsky and Michael Holzer in Vienna, Austria.
Catalyst Housing
Catalyst Housing is a housing association operating in London and the south-east of England. On 1 April 2022 Catalyst became a subsidiary of the Peabody Trust.

It was formed by the merger in 2002 of Kensington Housing Trust (formed 1926), Ealing Family Housing Association (formed 1963) and Northcote HA. Kensington Housing Trust operated in West London and as of 2009 owned around 2,500 homes in and around Kensington.  The main offices were on Portobello Road.

Catalyst Housing has been involved in a number of projects with the Mayor of London to build social housing.

It is a founder member of the G15 group of the largest housing associations in London.

Peabody Trust
The Peabody Trust was founded in 1862 as the Peabody Donation Fund and now brands itself simply as Peabody.

It is one of London's oldest and largest housing associations with over 100,000 homes across London and the home counties. It is also a community benefit society and urban regeneration agency.
Legione Redenta
The Legione Redenta ("Redeemed Legion") was an Italian military formation that participated in the Siberian intervention during the Russian Civil War. It was formed from 2500 prisoners of war who had been captured by the Russians from the Austro-Hungarian Army.

The Legion fought against Bolshevik forces in Siberia and Manchuria, and was instrumental in protecting the Trans-Siberian Railway necessary for the Allied support to the White forces.

Siberian intervention
The Siberian intervention or Siberian expedition of 1918–1922 was the dispatch of troops of the Entente powers to the Russian Maritime Provinces as part of a larger effort by the western powers, Japan and China, to support White Russian forces and the Czechoslovak Legion against Soviet Russia and its allies during the Russian Civil War. The Imperial Japanese Army continued to occupy Siberia even after other Allied forces withdrew in 1920.
Gauntlet (1985 video game)
Gauntlet is a 1985 hack and slash video game developed and published by Atari Games for arcades. It is one of the first multiplayer dungeon crawl arcade games. The core design of Gauntlet comes from the 1983 game Dandy for the Atari 8-bit computers, which resulted in a threat of legal action. It also has similarities to the 1983 maze game Time Bandit.

The arcade version of Gauntlet was released in October 1985, initially available only as a dedicated four-player cabinet. Atari distributed a total of 7,848 arcade units. In Japan, the game was released by Namco in February 1986. Atari later released a two-player cabinet variant in June 1986, aimed at operators who could not afford or did not have sufficient space for the four-player version.

Time Bandit
Time Bandit is a  maze shoot 'em up written for the TRS-80 Model I by Bill Dunlevy and Harry Lafnear and published by MichTron in 1983. It was ported to the TRS-80 Color Computer and Dragon 32, but enjoyed its greatest popularity several years later as an early release for the Atari ST. It was also released for the pseudo-PC-compatible Sanyo MBC-55x with 8-color display. Amiga and MS-DOS versions were ported by Timothy Purves.
Dharumar
Dharumar (c. 11th to 13th century CE) was a Tamil poet, scholar, and commentator known for his commentary on the Thirukkural. He was among the canon of Ten Medieval Commentators of the Kural text most highly esteemed by modern scholars. His work, however, has been lost along with other four ancient commentators, namely, Dhamatthar, Nacchar, Thirumalaiyar, and Mallar. He was also one of the three ancient commentators of the Naladiyar.

Ten Medieval Commentators
The Ten Medieval Commentators (Tamil: உரையாசிரியர்கள் பதின்மர்) were a canonical group of Tamil scholars whose commentaries on the ancient Indian didactic work of the Kural are esteemed by later scholars as worthy of critical analysis. These scholars lived in the Medieval era between the 10th and 13th centuries CE. Among these medieval commentaries, the commentaries of Manakkudavar, Kaalingar, and Parimelalhagar are considered pioneer by modern scholars.
Unitarian League
The Unitarian League (Spanish: Liga Unitaria) also referred to as the League of the Interior (Liga del Interior) was a league of provinces of Argentina led by José María Paz, established in 1830, aiming to unite the country under unitarian principles. It comprised the provinces of San Luis, La Rioja, Catamarca, Mendoza, San Juan, Tucumán, Córdoba, Salta and Santiago del Estero. It was opposed and ultimately defeated by the provinces of the Federal Pact.

Unitarian Party
The Unitarian Party (Spanish: Partido Unitario) was a political party that were proponents of the concept of a unitary state (centralized government) in Buenos Aires during the civil wars that shortly followed the Declaration of Independence of Argentina in 1816. They were opposed to the Argentine Federalists, who wanted a federation of autonomous provinces.
Tri Repetae
Tri Repetae (stylised as tri repetae.) is the third studio album by English electronic music duo Autechre, released on 6 November 1995 by Warp. In contrast to the duo's previous albums, Incunabula (1993) and Amber (1994), it features a distinct style that incorporates more minimal rhythms and spacious melodies.

Amber (Autechre album)
Amber is the second studio album by the British electronic music duo Autechre, released on 7 November 1994 by Warp. It was the first Autechre album to be composed entirely of new material, as their debut album Incunabula was a compilation of older tracks. It entered the CIN's Dance Albums Chart at no. 7.
Portland International Raceway
Portland International Raceway (PIR) is a motorsport facility located in Portland, Oregon, United States. It is part of the Delta Park complex on the former site of Vanport, just south of the Columbia River. It lies west of the Delta Park/Vanport light rail station and less than a mile west of Interstate 5.

Vanport, Oregon
Vanport, sometimes referred to as Vanport City or Kaiserville, was a city of wartime public housing in Multnomah County, Oregon, United States, between the contemporary Portland city boundary and the Columbia River. It was destroyed in the 1948 Columbia River flood and not rebuilt. It sat on what is currently the site of Delta Park and the Portland International Raceway.
Simone Kuhn
Simone Kuhn (born 2 September 1980) is a female professional beach volleyball player from Switzerland, who represented her native country at the beach volleyball tournaments of the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing and the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. In 2004, she partnered with Nicole Schnyder-Benoit and lost all three pool matches. In 2008, she played alongside Lea Schwer and again lost all pool matches. In 2012, she partnered with Nadine Zumkehr and the pair reached the round of 16 where they were eliminated by the American pair of Jennifer Kessy and April Ross who went on to win silver.

Partnering Nicole Schnyder-Benoit she claimed the gold medal at the 2004 European Championships in Timmendorfer Strand, Germany.

Nicole Schnyder-Benoit
Nicole Schnyder-Benoit (born March 13, 1973) is a retired professional beach volleyball player from Switzerland, who represented her native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. Partnering Simone Kuhn she claimed the gold medal at the 2004 European Championships in Timmendorfer Strand, Germany. She has been Swiss beach volleyball champion seven times.

In 1992, she became third in Swiss championship in high jump.

Schnyder-Benoit is married and mother of 2 boys.
I Know (Yo Gotti song)
"I Know" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Yo Gotti. The song was released on November 15, 2013, as the fourth single from his fourth studio album, I Am (2013). "I Know" features a guest appearance from rapper Rich Homie Quan who produced the song along with Trauma Tone. The song samples Club Nouveau's "Why You Treat Me So Bad", the same song sampled on Luniz's prolific "I Got 5 On It". Following its release, the song peaked at number 31 on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

Why You Treat Me So Bad
"Why You Treat Me So Bad?" is a 1987 single by Club Nouveau from their 1986 album Life, Love & Pain. The basic melodic hook of the song is taken from a hit by Club Nouveau member Jay King's previous project as producer, Timex Social Club (namely, the song "Thinkin' About Ya").

The song has been sampled several times by other musicians. Hip-hop duo Luniz interpolated the song on their hit single "I Got 5 on It"; that song was then sampled by Sean 'Puff Daddy' Combs, on his hit single, "Satisfy You"; as well as "I Like It" by Mr. Capone-E and "I Know" by Yo Gotti. Singer Ashanti sampled the song for her hit single "Only U", as well as Jennifer Lopez on "I'm Gonna Be Alright".

No Doubt singer Gwen Stefani cited the song as the reason she recorded her solo debut album Love. Angel. Music. Baby., after she listened to it while the band was on tour.
Umudike
Umudike is a semi-urban settlement in Oboro, Ikwuano Local Government Area in Abia State, Nigeria. It is about 11 kilometers southeast of Umuahia, the state's capital city. It is home to the Michael Okpara University of Agriculture and the National Root Crops Research Institute. Umudike is composed of two autonomous communities which are Umudike and Umudike Ukwu.

The town is surrounded by other neighbouring communities in which it shares its common beliefs and socio-cultural ethics with. They include; Umuariaga, Amaoba, Amawom, Nnono, Ndoro and Ahuwa. These towns accommodate about 40% of students from the Michael Okpara University.

Amawom
Amawom is a town in Oboro, Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria. The name is derived from two words; Ama meaning location and Awom meaning farm. Amawom is believed to have been discovered in the 18th century. Awom Oboro and Ibeuzo Ukwu are the autonomous communities of Amawom. English and Igbo are the languages spoken in the town.
Indre Offerdal
Indre Offerdal or Ofredal is a small village on the shore of the Årdalsfjorden (a branch of the Sognefjord) in Årdal Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is only accessible by road through the Offerdal Tunnel, a small tunnel between Seimsdalen and Indre Offerdal.

Seimsdalen
Seimsdalen is a valley in Årdal Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The valley is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of the municipal center of Årdalstangen, to which it is connected via a 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) long Seimsdalstunnelen. The village of Indre Offerdal lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the southwest. The population of the valley is 467 (2013).