hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Astra 5°E
Astra 5°E is the name for the Astra communications satellites co-located at the 5° east position in the Clarke Belt which are owned and operated by SES based in Betzdorf, Luxembourg. 5° east is one of the major TV satellite positions serving Europe (the others being at 19.2° east, 28.2° east, 13° east, and 23.5° east).

The Astra satellites at 5° east provide for services downlinking to the Nordic countries, Eastern Europe and sub-Saharan Africa in the 11.70 GHz-12.75 GHz range of the Ku band, and at present the Astra 4A and the SES-5 are regularly operational at this position.

Satellites at 5°E were originally operated by Swedish Space Corporation (SSC), and then Nordic Satellite AB (NSAB, itself 50% owned by SSC) before SES took full control of the position and the satellites in 2010, renaming the Sirius 4 satellite to Astra 4A and later adding its own Astra 1E to the group followed by the SES-5.

Sirius (satellite)
Sirius was a constellation of communications satellites operated at 5.0° East in geostationary orbit (GEO) by NSAB (later SES Sirius, and now a non-autonomous part of SES, owner and operator of the Astra satellites). They carried digital satellite television to the countries of Scandinavia, Baltic states, Eastern Europe and Africa, including the Viasat pay TV system, along with several pay TV packages for Eastern Europe, the TopTV package for Africa, a number of Ukrainian channels and the national Latvian and Lithuanian channel service free-to-air.
Domestic Airlines
Domestic Airlines (Arabic: طيران الطاسيلي) formerly Tassili Airlines, is an Algerian passenger airline based in Algiers. Following a strategic restructuring in 2025, it operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of Air Algérie, the national flag carrier.

Originally founded in 1998 to serve the Algerian oil industry, operating charter and shuttle services domestically and internationally. The airline eventually transitioned to a scheduled carrier. Following its acquisition by Air Algérie in June 2025, it was rebranded as Domestic Airlines to serve as the group's regional and domestic specialist arm.

Air Algérie
Air Algérie SpA (Arabic: الخطوط الجوية الجزائرية, al-Khuṭūṭu l-Jawwiyyatu l-Jazāā’iriyyah) is the flag carrier of Algeria, with its head office in the El-Djazair office block in Algiers. With flights operating mostly from Houari Boumedienne Airport in Algiers and Ahmed Ben Bella Airport in Oran, Air Algérie operates scheduled services to 33 domestic destinations in Algeria and 42 international destinations in 28 countries across Europe, North America, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. As of December 2013, Air Algérie was 100% owned by the Government of Algeria.
South Rona
Rona (Scottish Gaelic: Rònaigh), sometimes called South Rona to distinguish it from North Rona (a small uninhabited island to the northwest of Cape Wrath), is an uninhabited island in the Inner Hebrides. It lies between the Sound of Raasay and the Inner Sound just north of the neighbouring island of Raasay and east of the Trotternish peninsula of Skye. It has a total area of 930 hectares (3.6 sq mi) and has a population of 1. The island is owned by hedge fund manager Danny Luhde-Thompson and his wife, Cressida Pollock.

Rona Lighthouse is situated on the island.

Raasay
Raasay (/ˈrɑːseɪ/; Scottish Gaelic: Ratharsair), sometimes the Isle of Raasay, is an island between the Isle of Skye and the mainland of Scotland. It is separated from Skye by the Sound of Raasay and from Applecross by the Inner Sound. It is famous for being the birthplace of Gaelic poet Sorley MacLean, an important figure in the Scottish Renaissance.

Traditionally the home of Clan MacSween, the island was ruled by the MacLeods from the 15th to the 19th century. Subsequently, a series of private landlords held title to the island, which is now largely in public ownership. Raasay House, which was visited by James Boswell and Samuel Johnson in 1773, is now a hotel, restaurant, bar and outdoor activity centre. Raasay means "Isle of the Roe Deer" and the island is home to an endemic subspecies of bank vole.
Desenzano del Garda
Desenzano del Garda (Brescian: Dezensà) is a town and comune in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy, Italy, on the southwestern shore of Lake Garda. It borders the communes of Castiglione delle Stiviere, Lonato, Padenghe sul Garda, and Sirmione.

Sirmione
Sirmione (Brescian: Sirmiù; Venetian: Sirmion) is a comune in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy (northern Italy).  It is bounded by Desenzano del Garda (Lombardy) and Peschiera del Garda in the province of Verona and the region of Veneto.  It has a historical centre which is located on the Sirmio peninsula that divides the lower part of Lake Garda.
Ward–Belmont College
Ward–Belmont College was a women's college located in Nashville, Tennessee. It formed from the merger of the Ward Seminary for Young Ladies and Belmont College for Young Women in 1913. The college was located on the grounds of the Belmont Mansion, the antebellum estate of Adelicia Hayes Franklin Acklen Cheatham. It was the first junior college in the South to receive full accreditation by the Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools. The college was sold for financial reasons in 1951. Its grounds were used to create Belmont College (now Belmont University).

Belmont University
Belmont University is a private Christian university in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Descended from Belmont Women's College, founded in 1890 by schoolteachers Ida Hood and Susan Heron, the institution was incorporated in 1951 as Belmont College. It became Belmont University in 1991. As of 2025, Belmont reports its  enrollment as "nearly 9,000 students from every state and more than 30 countries." The university cut official ties with the Tennessee Baptist Convention in 2007, but still calls itself a "Christ-centered, student-focused community".
NetCast
NetCast (later Smart TV, then Legacy Platform) is a discontinued Smart TV platform based on Linux, built by LG Electronics that was preinstalled on their smart TVs between 2009 and 2014. LG has signed partnerships with various companies to provide services on the TV. It includes YouTube, AccuWeather, Orange Mobile, Maxdome, CinemaNow, Netflix, Skype and more apps that can be downloaded from the internet. LG has combined local and global services to provide the most relevant content. In 2011, LG added the LG Apps Store to the platform. It allowed users to install applications which were not previously included on their TVs. The platform was succeeded by WebOS.

WebOS
webOS, also known as LG webOS, is a Linux kernel-based multitasking operating system for smart devices, such as smart TVs, that has also been used as a mobile operating system. Initially developed by Palm, Inc. (which was acquired by Hewlett-Packard), HP made the platform open source, at which point it became Open webOS.

The operating system was later sold to LG Electronics, and was made primarily a smart TV operating system for LG televisions as a successor to NetCast. In January 2014, Qualcomm announced that it had acquired technology patents from HP, which included all the webOS and Palm patents; LG licenses them to use in their devices.

Various versions of webOS have been featured on several devices since launching in 2009, including Pre, Pixi, and Veer smartphones, TouchPad tablet, LG's smart TVs since 2014, LG's smart refrigerators and smart projectors since 2017.
Neil Matterson (rower)
Neil Matterson was an Australian professional sculler who attempted to win the World Sculling Championship, and although he was unsuccessful in that, he went on to coach Henry Ernest Searle who did become the World Champion.

Henry Ernest Searle
Henry Ernest Searle (1866–1889), was a professional Australian sculler, who also was the World Sculling Champion from 1888 until his premature death from typhoid in 1889.

Born on 14 July 1866 at Grafton, New South Wales to Henry Samuel Searle, bootmaker, and his wife Mary Ann, née Brooks. The family later moved to Esk Island, lower Clarence River, where they farmed at subsistence level.
Gloucester 3
Gloucester 3 was an English rugby union league which sat at the eleventh level of league rugby union in England for teams based in Gloucestershire as well as some in Bristol. Promoted clubs moved into Gloucester 2, and since the cancellation of Gloucester 4 at the end of the 1995–96 season there had been no relegation.  The division was discontinued at the end of the 2017–18 season and Gloucester 2 was divided into north and south regional divisions.

Counties 4 Gloucestershire
Counties 4 Gloucestershire (formerly 'Gloucester 2 North / South') are English rugby union leagues which sits at the tenth level of league rugby union in England for teams primarily based in Gloucestershire as well as some teams from Bristol. Promoted clubs move into Counties 3 Gloucestershire (North) or Counties 3 Gloucestershire (South) depending on location.  Since the discontinuation of Gloucester 3 at the end of the 2017–18 season there is currently no relegation.  Up until 2017–18 Gloucester 2 was a single division but has since been split into two regional divisions.
Simone Kuhn
Simone Kuhn (born 2 September 1980) is a female professional beach volleyball player from Switzerland, who represented her native country at the beach volleyball tournaments of the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing and the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. In 2004, she partnered with Nicole Schnyder-Benoit and lost all three pool matches. In 2008, she played alongside Lea Schwer and again lost all pool matches. In 2012, she partnered with Nadine Zumkehr and the pair reached the round of 16 where they were eliminated by the American pair of Jennifer Kessy and April Ross who went on to win silver.

Partnering Nicole Schnyder-Benoit she claimed the gold medal at the 2004 European Championships in Timmendorfer Strand, Germany.

Nadine Zumkehr
Nadine Zumkehr (born 5 February 1985) is a Swiss beach volleyball player.
As of 2012, she played with Simone Kuhn. The pair participated in the 2012 Summer Olympics tournament and were eliminated in the round of 16 by the American pair of Jennifer Kessy and April Ross who went on to win silver.
Vorarlberg Railway
The Vorarlberg Railway (German: Vorarlbergbahn) denotes a railway line running in north-south direction through the Austrian state of Vorarlberg and extending to Lindau (Germany). Its route is similar to the Rheintal/Walgau Autobahn, from Lindau to the border and to Bludenz, where it connects to the Arlberg Railway and Bludenz–Schruns railway (Montafonerbahn) lines. The entire route in Austria is owned and is operated up to Lindau-Insel by the Austrian Federal Railways (Österreichische Bundesbahnen, ÖBB). Services of Vorarlberg S-Bahn, one service of St. Gallen S-Bahn and EuroCity trains of Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) also use a part of the line.

The Vorarlberg Railway is the western continuation of the Arlberg Railway (ÖBB timetable number AT 401) through the Walgau valley and the Vorarlberg section of the Rhine Valley.

Vorarlberg S-Bahn
Vorarlberg S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn Vorarlberg) is a label for regional rail services in the westernmost Austrian state of Vorarlberg. The S-Bahn services also connect to stations in the German town of Lindau, the Swiss towns of St. Margrethen and Buchs, and the Principality of Liechtenstein.

It is integrated into the Vorarlberg Transport Association (VVV), which manages ticket pricing. Liechtenstein and northeastern Switzerland are within the Ostwind Transport Association transit district. The services are operated by the state-owned Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB), THURBO (a subsidiary of Swiss Federal Railways) and the privately owned Montafonerbahn (mbs).

Three services (S1, S3, R5) are part of a transnational railway network around Lake Constance (Bodensee) marketed as Bodensee S-Bahn.
Ferranti Blue Fox
The Ferranti Blue Fox was a British multi-role airborne radar designed and built for the Royal Navy by Ferranti Defence Systems in the late 1970s. It had a mixed record in service, and was replaced by the more capable Blue Vixen.

Blue Vixen
Blue Vixen was a British airborne radar designed and built for the Royal Navy by Ferranti Defence Systems (later, GEC-Marconi), Edinburgh, Scotland. It was the primary radar of later models of the British Aerospace Sea Harrier, replacing the Ferranti Blue Fox used on earlier models of the Harrier.
Florin Motroc
Florin Motroc (born 8 August 1967) is a Romanian former footballer and head coach.

He is the son of Ion Motroc, also a former footballer and the father of Vlad Motroc, currently player of Kuwaiti Division One side Burgan.

Ion Motroc
Ion Motroc (born 14 February 1937) is a Romanian former professional football defender and manager. He spent the majority of his playing career with Rapid București, and was part of the squad that won the Divizia A title in 1967.
S.F.K. Pierikos
Syndesmos Filathlon Katerinis Pierikos (Greek: Σύνδεσμος Φιλάθλων Κατερίνης Πιερικός, Supporters' Association of Katerini Pierikos), founded in 1961, is a Greek multi-sport club and parent club of Pierikos, based in the town of Katerini, capital of Pieria regional unit, located in Central Macedonia, Greece. The club is also known as S.F.K. Pierikos, or simply Pierikos, and its colours are white.

S.F.K. Pierikos (football)
P.A.E. Pierikos (Greek: Π.Α.Ε. Πιερικός) is a Greek football club based in Katerini, Greece, part of the major multi-sport club S.F.K. Pierikos (Greek: Σ.Φ.Κ. Πιερικός). Their name was inspired from the State's name of Pieria. The club competes in Gamma Ethniki.
Lawrence County, Pennsylvania
Lawrence County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 86,070. The county seat and largest city is New Castle.

The county was created on March 20, 1849, from parts of Beaver and Mercer counties. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth.

Beaver County, Pennsylvania
Beaver County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 168,215. Its county seat is Beaver, and its largest city is Aliquippa. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth.
Raemian
Raemian (Korean: 래미안, Hanja: 來美安) is a brand of Samsung C&T Engineering & Construction Div. for apartments. Raemian has been ranked No.1 on NCSI (National Customer Satisfaction Index) for apartment construction since 2000.

Samsung C&T Corporation
Samsung Construction and Trading Corporation (Korean: 삼성물산 주식회사; stylized as Samsung C&T) is a South Korean construction and engineering company. It was founded in 1938 as the first Samsung company and was initially involved in construction and overseas trading operations. Since 1995, it has largely focused on global engineering and construction projects, trade and investments, fashion and real estate. The corporation is governed by an 11-member Board of Directors, made up of the President and CEOs of its four working groups (Engineering & Construction, Trading & Investment, Fashion, and Resort), the corporation's CFO, and six independent members. Samsung C&T employs over 17,000 people. The firm is often regarded as the holding company of Samsung chaebol  as it is a major shareholder of various Samsung affiliates.
Miyafuku Line
The Miyafuku Line (宮福線, Miyafuku-sen) is a railway line of Kyoto Tango Railway in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Trains on the line are operated by Willer Trains Inc. as part of its Kyoto Tango Railway system. The line operates between Fukuchiyama Station in Fukuchiyama and Miyazu Station in Miyazu. At Miyazu Station, Limited Express services and some Rapid trains operate one stop further to/from Amanohashidate Station on the Miyazu Line.

Miyazu Line
The Miyazu Line (宮津線, Miyazu-sen) is a railway line of the Kyoto Tango Railway  in Kyoto Prefecture and Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. Trains on the line are operated by Willer Trains Inc. as part of its Kyoto Tango Railway system.

The Miyamai Line (宮舞線, Miyamai-sen) and the Miyatoyo Line (宮豊線, Miyatoyo-sen) are the aliases assigned by Willer Trains to the sections of the line.
The Gold Bat
The Gold Bat is a novel by P. G. Wodehouse, first published on 13 September 1904 by A & C Black, London. It was originally serialised in The Captain.

Set at the fictional public school of Wrykyn, the novel tells of how two boys, O'Hara and Moriarty, tar and feather a statue of a local politician as a prank. They get away with it, but O'Hara had borrowed a tiny gold cricket bat belonging to Trevor, the captain of the cricket team. After the prank, the boys discover that the trinket is missing. Schoolboy honour is at stake as Trevor and his friends conceal the loss of the gold bat until, through a stroke of luck, they find it. The novel deals with events during that term, including inter-house rugby matches and the dastardly actions of a mysterious society called "the League".

Wrykyn School appears again in The White Feather (1907) and as the setting of the first half of Mike (1909). It is also mentioned occasionally in later Wodehouse works.

The White Feather
The White Feather is a novel by P. G. Wodehouse, first published on 9 October 1907 by A & C Black, London. It is set at Wrykyn school, scene of Wodehouse's earlier book The Gold Bat (1904), and the later Mike (1909). Like many early Wodehouse novels, the story first appeared as a serial in the boys' magazine The Captain, between October 1905 and March 1906.  The phrase "white feather" is a reference to cowardice.

In the novel, Sheen, a quiet and studious boy, finds himself facing a street brawl between boys of Wrykyn and a gang of local toughs. He slips away to safety, but his cowardliness is noticed by his fellows, who ostracize him. He trains secretly under boxing legend Joe Bevan, hoping to restore his honour in the boxing ring.
Energy Triangle
The Energy Triangle is a natural gas extraction plan between the three allied countries Cyprus, Israel, and Greece. The three countries agreed to use the gas fields Tamar, Leviathan, and Aphrodite; found in 2009, 2010, and 2011 respectively. About 40 trillion cubic feet (tcf) of natural gas were found between Cyprus and Israel, giving both countries an upper hand in the trading business within the region. Europe requires 19 tcf of natural gas a year and the Cypriot government believes that its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) holds 60 tcf; Cyprus pursued this financially beneficial option for the Energy Triangle to provide energy for the European Union.

Leviathan gas field
The Leviathan gas field is a large natural gas field in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Israel, 47 kilometres (29 mi) south-west of the Tamar gas field. The gas field is roughly 130 kilometres (81 mi) west of Haifa in waters 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) deep in the Levantine basin, a rich hydrocarbon area in one of the largest offshore natural gas field finds. According to some commentators, the gas find has the potential to change Israel's foreign relations with neighboring countries, including Turkey, and Egypt.  Together with the nearby Tamar gas field, the Leviathan field was seen as an opportunity for Israel to achieve energy independence in the Middle East.

In 2017, Leviathan was estimated to hold enough gas to meet Israel's domestic needs for 40 years, having 22 trillion cubic feet in recoverable natural gas. The field began commercial production of gas on 31 December 2019. As of 2024, 90% of the field's production was being exported to Egypt and Jordan.
Thubten Yeshe
Thubten Yeshe (1935–1984) was a Tibetan lama who, while exiled in Nepal, co-founded Kopan Monastery (1969) and the Foundation for the Preservation of the Mahayana Tradition (1975). He followed the Gelug tradition, and was considered  unconventional in his teaching style.

Lama Yeshe was born near the Tibetan town of Tolung Dechen, and was sent to Sera Monastery in Lhasa at the age of six. He received full ordination at the age of 28 from Kyabje Ling Rinpoche. Jeffrey Paine reports that Lama Yeshe deliberately refused to complete his geshe degree, despite having studied for it:

Many years later, when pressed why he had shunned this prestigious degree, he would laugh: "And be Geshe Yeshe?"

Foundation for the Preservation of the Mahayana Tradition
The Foundation for the Preservation of the Mahayana Tradition (FPMT) was founded in 1975 by Gelugpa Lamas Thubten Yeshe and Thubten Zopa Rinpoche, who began teaching Tibetan Buddhism to Western students in Nepal. The FPMT has grown to encompass over 138 dharma centers, projects, and services in 34 countries. Lama Yeshe led the organization until his death in 1984, followed by Lama Zopa until his death in 2023. The FPMT is now without a spiritual director; meetings on the organization's structure and future are being held.
Eomeropidae
Eomeropidae is a family of aberrant, flattened scorpionflies represented today by only a single living species, Notiothauma reedi, known from the Nothofagus forests in southern Chile, while all other recognized genera in the family are known only as fossils, with the earliest definitive fossil known from Liassic-aged strata, and the youngest from Paleogene-aged strata.

Notiothauma
Notiothauma is the sole living genus in the scorpionfly family Eomeropidae.  The genus is monotypic with a lone species Notiothauma reedi which is native to the Valdivian temperate rain forests of central Chile, especially the forests with Nothofagus stands.  N. reedi is flattened with a notedly cockroach-like appearance. They are nocturnal and inhabit the forest floor, where the adults feed on plants and decaying animals. Due to these feeding habits, it is considered an insect of importance for forensic entomology. The larvae are still unknown. Because this is the last extant species of Eomeropidae, N. reedi can be characterized as a living fossil taxon.
Westinghouse J34
The Westinghouse J34, company designation Westinghouse 24C, was a turbojet engine developed by Westinghouse Aviation Gas Turbine Division in the late 1940s. Essentially an enlarged version of the earlier Westinghouse J30, the J34 produced 3,000 pounds of thrust, twice as much as the J30. Later models produced as much as 4,900 lb with the addition of an afterburner. It first flew in 1947. The J46 engine was developed as a larger, more powerful version of Westinghouse's J34 engine, about 50% larger.

Westinghouse J46
The Westinghouse J46 is an afterburning turbojet engine developed by the Westinghouse Aviation Gas Turbine Division for the United States Navy in the 1950s. It was primarily employed in powering the Convair F2Y Sea Dart and Vought F7U Cutlass. The engine also powered the land speed-record car known as the Wingfoot Express, designed by Walt Arfons and Tom Green It was intended to power the F3D-3, an improved, swept-wing variant of the Douglas F3D Skyknight, although this airframe was never built.
Madison Street Bridge (Portland, Oregon)
The Madison Street Bridge, or Madison Bridge, refers to two different bridges that spanned the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon, from 1891 to 1900 and from 1900 to 1909. The bridges connected Madison Street, on the river's west bank, and Hawthorne Avenue, on the east bank, on approximately the same alignment as the existing Hawthorne Bridge. The original and later bridges are sometimes referred to as Madison Street Bridge No. 1 and Madison Street Bridge No. 2, respectively.  The second bridge, built in 1900, has alternatively been referred to as the "rebuilt" Madison Street Bridge (of 1891), rather than as a new bridge, because it was rebuilt on the same piers.  Both were swing bridges, whereas their successor, the Hawthorne Bridge, is a vertical-lift-type.

Hawthorne Bridge
The Hawthorne Bridge is a truss bridge with a vertical lift that spans the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon, joining Hawthorne Boulevard and Madison Street. It is the oldest vertical-lift bridge in operation in the United States and the oldest highway bridge in Portland. It is also the busiest bicycle bridge in Oregon, with over 8,000 cyclists and 800 TriMet buses (carrying about 17,400 riders) daily. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in November 2012.