hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Engineering Research Associates
Engineering Research Associates, commonly known as ERA, was a pioneering computer firm from the 1950s. ERA became famous for their numerical computers, but as the market expanded they became better known for their drum memory systems. They were eventually purchased by Remington Rand and merged into their UNIVAC department. Many of the company founders later left to form Control Data Corporation.

Control Data Corporation
Control Data Corporation (CDC) was a mainframe and supercomputer company that in the 1960s was one of the nine major U.S. computer companies, which group included IBM, Burroughs Corporation, Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), NCR Corporation (NCR), General Electric, Honeywell, RCA, and UNIVAC. For most of the 1960s, the strength of CDC was the work of the electrical engineer Seymour Cray who developed a series of fast computers, then considered the fastest computing machines in the world; in the 1970s, Cray left the Control Data Corporation and founded Cray Research (CRI) to design and make supercomputers. In 1988, after much financial loss, the Control Data Corporation began withdrawing from making computers and sold the affiliated companies of CDC; in 1992, CDC established Control Data Systems, Inc. The remaining affiliate companies of CDC do business as the software company Dayforce.
Septum pellucidum
The septum pellucidum (Latin for "translucent wall") is a thin, triangular, vertical double membrane separating the anterior horns of the left and right lateral ventricles of the brain. It runs as a sheet from the corpus callosum down to the fornix.

The septum is not present in the syndrome septo-optic dysplasia.

Lateral ventricles
The lateral ventricles are the two largest ventricles of the brain and contain cerebrospinal fluid. Each cerebral hemisphere contains a lateral ventricle, known as the left or right lateral ventricle, respectively.

Each lateral ventricle resembles a C-shaped cavity that begins at an inferior horn in the temporal lobe, travels through a body in the parietal lobe and frontal lobe, and ultimately terminates at the interventricular foramina where each lateral ventricle connects to the single, central third ventricle. Along the path, a posterior horn extends backward into the occipital lobe, and an anterior horn extends farther into the frontal lobe.
Dhasanawalaya Sornsongkram
Than Phu Ying Dhasanawalaya Sornsongkram (Thai: ทัศนาวลัย ศรสงคราม; Thai pronunciation: [tʰát.sà(ʔ).nāː.wá(ʔ).laj sǒːn.sǒŋ.kʰrāːm]; RTGS: Thatsanawalai Sonsongkhram), née Dhasanawalaya Ratanakul Serireongrit (Thai: ทัศนาวลัย รัตนกุล เสรีเริงฤทธิ์; RTGS: Thatsanawalai Rattanakun Serireongrit; born 11 November 1945 in Switzerland), is the only child of Galyani Vadhana, Princess of Naradhiwas and niece of King Bhumibol Adulyadej and elder cousin of King Vajiralongkorn (Rama X).

Galyani Vadhana
Galyani Vadhana, Princess of Naradhiwas (Thai: กัลยาณิวัฒนา; Thai pronunciation: [kān.lā.jāː.ní.wát.tʰā.nāː]; 6 May 1923 – 2 January 2008) was a princess of Thailand and the elder sister of King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII) and King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX). She was also a direct granddaughter of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and Queen Sri Savarindira and the aunt of King Vajiralongkorn (Rama X).
Agudat Yisrael
Agudat Yisrael (Hebrew: אֲגוּדָּת יִשְׂרָאֵל, romanized: Agudath Israel, lit. 'Union of Israel'; Ashkenazi Hebrew: Agudas Yisroel) is a Haredi Jewish political party in Israel. It began as a political party representing Haredi Jews in Poland, originating in the Agudath Israel movement in Upper Silesia. It later became the party of many Haredim in Israel. It was the umbrella party for many, though not all, Haredi Jews in Israel until the 1980s, as it had been during the British Mandate of Palestine.

Since the 1980s it has become a predominantly Hasidic party, though it often combines with the Degel HaTorah non-Hasidic Ashkenazi Haredi party for elections and coalition-forming (although not with the Sephardi and Mizrahi Haredi party Shas). When so combined, they are known together as United Torah Judaism.

Shas
Shas (Hebrew: ש״ס) is a Haredi religious political party in Israel. Founded in 1984 by Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, a former Israeli Sephardi chief rabbi, who remained its spiritual leader until his death in October 2013,
it primarily represents the interests of Sephardic and Mizrahi Haredi Jews.

Shas is the third-largest party in the Knesset as of 2024. Since 1984, it has been part of most governing coalitions, whether the ruling party was Labor or Likud.
Jana Vollmer
Jana Vollmer (also known as Jana Vollmerová, née Pechová, born 5 May 1973) is a Czech-born German female former beach volleyball player. Her family were of minority Bohemian German descent. In 1994, she played as part of the Czech Republic women's national volleyball team, featuring in the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, where the Czech Republic finished ninth. On club level she played with TSG Tübingen where she met her husband, German volleyball coach Andreas Vollmer, with both subsequently working at clubs in Switzerland for several years.

Partnering Danja Müsch she claimed the silver medal for Germany at the 2000 European Championships in Bilbao, Spain.

Danja Müsch
Danja Müsch (born 14 April 1971 in Kassel) is a female former beach volleyball player from Germany, who represented her native country in three consecutive Summer Olympics: 1996, 2000, and 2004. Partnering with Beate Bühler, she claimed the gold medal at the 1994 European Championships in Almería, Spain.
Somerset 3 North
Somerset 3 North (known as Tribute Somerset 3 North for sponsorship reasons) is an English rugby union league which sits at the eleven level of league rugby union in England alongside its counterpart Somerset 3 South.  When the division was founded in 1987 it was a single league known as Somerset 3, but since 2006 it has been split into two regional divisions.

Somerset 3 North currently involves teams from the northern part of Somerset as well as teams based in south and west Bristol.  1st, 2nd, 3rd and even 4th XV sides can participate in the division as long as they are not from the same club.  The league champions, and occasionally runners up, are promoted to Somerset 2 North and there is no relegation as this is the lowest level of league rugby in Somerset.

Somerset 3 South
Somerset 3 South (known as Tribute Somerset 3 South for sponsorship reasons) is an English rugby union league which sits at the eleven level of league rugby union in England alongside its counterpart Somerset 3 North.  When the division was founded in 1987 it was a single league known as Somerset 3, but since 2006 it has been split into two regional divisions.

Somerset 3 South currently involves teams from the southern part of Somerset - although this means anywhere in the county outside  Bristol.  1st, 2nd, 3rd and even 4th XV sides can participate in the division as long as they are not from the same club.  The league champions, and occasionally runners up, are promoted to Somerset 2 South and there is no relegation as this is the lowest level of league rugby in Somerset.
Caroline A. Hall
Caroline Arabella Hall (1838 – December 11, 1918) was  one of the eight founders of the National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry, an American agricultural fraternal organization better known as The Grange or Grange Hall.

National Grange
The National Grange, also known as The Grange and officially named The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry, is a social organization in the United States that encourages families to band together to promote the economic and political well-being of the community and agriculture. The Grange, founded after the Civil War in 1867, is the oldest American agricultural advocacy group with a national scope. The Grange actively lobbied state legislatures and Congress for political goals, such as the Granger Laws to lower rates charged by railroads, and rural free mail delivery by the Post Office.

In 2025, the Grange had a membership of 140,000, with organizations in 1,400 communities. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., in a building built by the organization in 1960. Many rural communities in the United States still have a Grange Hall and local Granges continue to serve as a center of rural life for many farming communities.
XPilot
XPilot is a multiplayer video game. It is open source and runs on many platforms. Although its 2D graphics have improved over time, they still resemble the style of Thrust. Gameplay includes Capture the Flag, base defense, racing and deathmatches. XPilot uses a client–server architecture, in which a central metaserver receives information from all XPilot servers on the Internet.

Thrust (video game)
Thrust is a 1986 video game programmed by Jeremy C. Smith (who later co-authored Exile) for the BBC Micro and published by Superior Software. The player's aim is to manoeuvre a spaceship by rotating and thrusting, as it flies over a two-dimensional landscape and through caverns. The gameplay of Thrust was heavily inspired by Atari's Gravitar.

Thrust was ported to the Commodore 64, Amstrad CPC, Atari 8-bit computers, Atari ST, Commodore 16/Plus 4, and ZX Spectrum. Firebird released a sequel, Thrust II, in 1988.
After Midnight (TV series)
After Midnight, stylized as @fter midnight or abbreviated @m and alternatively known as After Midnight with Taylor Tomlinson, is an American late-night comedy panel game show hosted by Taylor Tomlinson and executive produced by Stephen Colbert via his company Spartina Productions, Henry R. Muñoz III via his comedy studio Funny or Die, and The Late Show with Stephen Colbert executive producer Tom Purcell. The program premiered on CBS at 12:37 am ET on January 17, 2024, in the time slot previously held by The Late Late Show with next day streaming on Paramount+. It is a reboot of @midnight, which ran from 2013 to 2017 on sister cable network Comedy Central. Upon its debut, it received generally positive reviews.

The show had originally been renewed for a third season but plans for it were canceled due to Tomlinson's decision to leave the program in order to focus on her stand-up career. The series finale aired on June 13, 2025.

The Late Late Show (American talk show)
The Late Late Show is an American late-night television talk and variety comedy show that originally aired from January 9, 1995, to April 27, 2023, on CBS. Tom Snyder was the show's first host, followed by Craig Kilborn, Craig Ferguson, and James Corden. The show originated from Television City in Los Angeles. At 2,058 episodes over the course of nine years, the longest incarnation of the show was under Craig Ferguson as host, between January 2005 and December 2014.
WHIO (AM)
WHIO (1290 AM, "AM 1290 and News 95.7 WHIO") is a commercial radio station in Dayton, Ohio. It simulcasts a talk format with WHIO-FM (95.7). They are owned by Cox Media Group. The studios are at the Cox Media Center on South Main Street (Ohio State Route 48) in Dayton.

WHIO's transmitter is sited on East David Road in Kettering.

WHIO-FM
WHIO-FM (95.7 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Pleasant Hill, Ohio, United States, and serving the Dayton metropolitan area. Owned by Cox Media Group, it features a talk radio format in a simulcast with WHIO (1290 AM). The studios are located at the Cox Media Center on South Main Street (Ohio State Route 48) in Dayton.

The transmitter tower is on Aiken Road in Houston.
Luzon striped babbler
The Luzon striped babbler (Zosterornis striatus) is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae.  It is one of the four striped babblers along with the Negros striped babbler, Panay striped babbler and Palawan striped babbler. It is endemic to the Philippines, where it is only found in northern Luzon and in Bataan. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Palawan striped babbler
The Palawan striped babbler (Zosterornis hypogrammicus) is a species of bird in the family Zosteropidae. It is one of the four striped babblers along with the Negros striped babbler, Panay striped babbler and Luzon striped babbler. It is endemic to the Philippines, where it is only found in Palawan. Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Mushroom Wars 2
Mushroom Wars 2 is a real-time strategy video game, developed and published by Zillion Whales. It is the sequel to Mushroom Wars, and was released on iOS, tvOS, Android and Microsoft Windows via Steam on October 13, 2016 and on Nintendo Switch on July 5, 2018. The game is also available on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.

The game is set in a fictional woodland world, where armies of mushrooms face off in dynamic real-time strategy battles. The player picks one of the heroes, characters with unique abilities, to lead the mushroom armies and commands them to take control of the battlefield in a variety of multiplayer modes with leagues, ranked matches and award system or single-player campaigns with customizable difficulty settings.

Building upon the core Mushroom Wars gameplay, Mushrooms Wars 2 features four campaign episodes, one for each tribe of mushroom folk, and competitive multiplayer for up to four people with two-player cooperative mode.

Mushroom Wars
Mushroom Wars is a real-time strategy video game developed by Creat Studios, originally available for the PlayStation 3 on the PlayStation Network (PSN). This version was released on October 15, 2009. On January 24, 2013 it has been released for the iPad on the iTunes Store. An Android version was released on Google Play on September 24, 2013. A sequel, Mushroom Wars 2, was released on iOS and Apple TV on October 13, 2016. It was released on several other platforms since.

The objective of the game is centered on capturing villages (bases) by overwhelming the enemy in numbers. The most basic strategy to use in the game is to fill villages that surround a target village with soldiers in preparation for the next capture.
Raymond Alvin Garcia
Raymond Alvin Neri Garcia (born January 29, 1977) is a Filipino politician and lawyer who served as the 28th Mayor of Cebu City from 2024 to 2025. He was also the city's 20th Vice Mayor from 2022 to 2024 and a City Councilor for the 1st (North) District from 2016 to 2022.

Garcia served as acting mayor following the suspension of Mayor Mike Rama by the Ombudsman on May 8, 2024, and fully assumed the office of Mayor after Rama's dismissal on October 9, 2024. Formerly allies turned political enemies, both of them ran for Mayor in the 2025 Cebu City local elections, losing to city councilor Nestor Archival.

Nestor Archival
Nestor Dionson Archival Sr. (born June 2, 1958) is a Filipino politician, electrical engineer, businessman and environmentalist serving as the 29th Mayor of Cebu City since 2025. Before being elected mayor, he served as a member of the Cebu City Council for the first district since 2019, a seat he previously held from 2013 to 2016, 2001 to 2010, and 1995 to 1998. Archival is a longtime member of the Osmeña-founded political party Bando Osmeña – Pundok Kauswagan (BOPK).
Prodezra
Reuben Ezra Formey (born 1981), known by his stage name Prodezra, is an American Jewish rapper and producer based in Savannah, Georgia. He has released two albums, Until When (2009) and Connection Revealed (2011). He is notable, along with Y-Love, Nissim, and Shyne, as one of several African-American Orthodox Jewish rappers.

Y-Love
Yitz Jordan (born January 5, 1978), better known by his stage name Y-Love, is an American hip hop artist. An Orthodox Jew, Jordan was formerly Hasidic. Jordan rhymes in a mixture of English, Hebrew, Yiddish, Arabic, Latin and Aramaic, often covering social, political and religious themes.
Boscastle
Boscastle (Cornish: Kastelboterel) is a village and fishing port on the north coast of Cornwall, England, in the civil parish of Forrabury and Minster (where the 2011 Census population was included) . It is 14 miles (23 km) south of Bude and 5 miles (8 km) northeast of Tintagel. The harbour is a natural inlet protected by two stone harbour walls built in 1584 by Sir Richard Grenville and is the only significant harbour for 20 miles (32 km) along the coast. The village extends up the valleys of the River Valency and River Jordan. Heavy rainfall on 16 August 2004 caused extensive damage to the village.

Boscastle lies within the Cornwall National Landscape (formerly Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, or AONB). The South West Coast Path passes through the village.

River Valency
The River Valency (Cornish: Dowr an Velinji) is a short river in north Cornwall, UK, with many small tributaries. After running past Lesnewth it cuts a valley before entering the sea at the harbour of the village of Boscastle. One of its tributaries is the Jordan, which runs 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) north before joining the Valency in Boscastle just before the B3263 road bridge.

The Valency valley is steep-sided and the sides of the lower section are wooded. The valley has been flooded many times, most seriously in the Boscastle flood of 2004 when significant channel erosion occurred. (Heavy rainfall for 7 hours over a wide area in the afternoon of 16 August 2004 led to severe flooding and structural damage.)  The agricultural use and fast drainage within the catchment areas of the Valency and Jordan are related to the extent of the Boscastle flooding.
Port Edward, South Africa
Port Edward is a small resort town situated on the south coast of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa and lies on the border between KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape. It is situated on the R61 road (future N2 Wild Coast Toll Route) between Port Shepstone and Lusikisiki.

Port Shepstone
Port Shepstone is a large town situated on the mouth of the Mzimkhulu River, the largest river on the KwaZulu-Natal South Coast of South Africa. It is located halfway between Hibberdene and Margate and is positioned 120 km south of Durban. It serves as the administrative, educational, industrial and commercial centre for southern Natal.
Royal Lincolnshire Regiment
The Royal Lincolnshire Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army raised on 20 June 1685 as the Earl of Bath's Regiment for its first Colonel, John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath. In 1751, it was numbered like most other Army regiments and named the 10th Regiment of Foot. After the Childers Reforms of 1881, it became the Lincolnshire Regiment after the county where it had been recruiting since 1781.

After the Second World War, it became the Royal Lincolnshire Regiment, before being amalgamated in 1960 with the Northamptonshire Regiment to form the 2nd East Anglian Regiment (Duchess of Gloucester's Own Royal Lincolnshire and Northamptonshire) which was later amalgamated with the 1st East Anglian Regiment (Royal Norfolk and Suffolk), 3rd East Anglian Regiment (16th/44th Foot) and the Royal Leicestershire Regiment to form the Royal Anglian Regiment. 'A' Company of the 2nd Battalion of the Royal Anglians continues the traditions of the Royal Lincolnshire Regiment.

Royal Leicestershire Regiment
The Leicestershire Regiment (Royal Leicestershire Regiment after 1946) was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, with a history going back to 1688. The regiment saw service for three centuries, in numerous wars and conflicts such as both World War I and World War II, before being amalgamated, in September 1964, with the 1st East Anglian Regiment (Royal Norfolk and Suffolk), the 2nd East Anglian Regiment (Duchess of Gloucester's Own Royal Lincolnshire and Northamptonshire) and the 3rd East Anglian Regiment (16th/44th Foot) to form the present day Royal Anglian Regiment, of which B Company of the 2nd Battalion continues the lineage of the Royal Leicestershire Regiment.
FX Networks
FX Networks, LLC, commonly known as FX Networks, is an American media company founded in 1994 built around FX, FXX, and FX Movie Channel, plus their associated production company, FX Productions, and is a subsidiary of Disney Entertainment Television, the television division of the Disney Entertainment business segment of the Walt Disney Company. Originally a part of News Corporation and later 21st Century Fox after spinning off its publishing assets, the company was included in the acquisition of the latter by Disney on March 20, 2019. Consequently, FX Networks was integrated with the other television production and broadcasting assets that form the Disney General Entertainment Content unit in 2021.

FXX
FXX is an American basic cable channel owned by FX Networks, a subdivision of the Disney Entertainment business segment and division of The Walt Disney Company. It is the sister channel of FX and FXM, with its programming focusing on original and acquired comedy series and feature films for a primary demographic of men ages 16–34.

FXX launched on September 2, 2013, at 7:00 a.m. ET/6:00 a.m. CT, replacing Fox Soccer. The channel set a record for the longest continuous marathon in the history of television with a marathon featuring every episode of The Simpsons that had been released at the time and The Simpsons Movie over the course of twelve days. This record has since been broken by a 19-day marathon of Saturday Night Live by VH1 Classic (now MTV Classic).

As of November 2023, FXX is available to approximately 58,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2019 peak of 87,000,000 households.
Muttonbirding
Muttonbirding is the seasonal harvesting of the chicks of petrels, especially shearwater species, for food, oil and feathers by recreational or commercial hunters. Such hunting of petrels and other seabirds has occurred in various locations since prehistoric times, and there is evidence that many island populations have become extinct as a result. More recently ‘muttonbirding’ usually refers to the regulated and sustainable harvesting of shearwaters in Australia and New Zealand.  These include the short-tailed shearwater, also known as the yolla or Australian muttonbird, in Bass Strait, Tasmania, as well as the sooty shearwater, also known as the tītī or New Zealand muttonbird, on several small islands known as the Muttonbird Islands, scattered around  Stewart Island in the far south of New Zealand.

Shearwater
Shearwaters are medium-sized long-winged seabirds in the petrel family Procellariidae. They have a global marine distribution, but are most common in temperate and cold waters, and are pelagic outside the breeding season.
Color confinement
In quantum chromodynamics (QCD), color confinement or infrared slavery,: 1125  often simply called confinement, is the phenomenon that color-charged particles (such as quarks and gluons) cannot be isolated, and therefore cannot be directly observed in normal conditions below the Hagedorn temperature of approximately 2 terakelvin (corresponding to energies of approximately 130–140 MeV per particle).  Quarks and gluons must clump together to form hadrons. The two main types of hadron are the mesons (one quark, one antiquark) and the baryons (often three quarks or antiquarks, though other exotic variants exist).  In addition, colorless glueballs formed only of gluons are also consistent with confinement, though difficult to identify experimentally.  Quarks and gluons cannot be separated from their parent hadron without producing new hadrons.

Gluon
A gluon (/ˈɡluːɒn/ GLOO-on) is a type of massless elementary particle that mediates the strong interaction between quarks, acting as the exchange particle for the interaction. Gluons are massless vector bosons, thereby having a spin of 1. Through the strong interaction, gluons bind quarks into groups according to quantum chromodynamics (QCD), forming hadrons such as protons and neutrons.

Gluons carry the color charge of the strong interaction, thereby participating in the strong interaction as well as mediating it. Because gluons carry the color charge, QCD is more difficult to analyze compared to quantum electrodynamics (QED) where the photon carries no electric charge.

The term was coined by Murray Gell-Mann in 1962 for being similar to an adhesive or glue that keeps the nucleus together. Together with the quarks, these particles were referred to as partons by Richard Feynman.