hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Io9
io9 is a sub-blog of the technology blog Gizmodo that focuses on science fiction and fantasy pop culture, with former focuses on science, technology and futurism. It was created as a standalone blog in 2008 by editor Annalee Newitz under Gawker Media. In 2015, io9 became a part of Gizmodo as part of a reorganization under parent company Gawker.

Gizmodo
Gizmodo (/ɡɪzˈmoʊdoʊ/giz-MOH-doh) is a design, technology, science, and science fiction website. It was originally launched as part of the Gawker Media network run by Nick Denton. Gizmodo also includes the sub-blogs io9 and Earther, which focus on pop-culture and environmentalism, respectively.

Following the Chapter 11 bankruptcy and liquidation of Gawker Media, Univision purchased Gizmodo along with other Gawker websites in August 2016. In 2019, Univision sold the Gizmodo Media Group, which included Gizmodo, to the private equity firm Great Hill Partners.

From April 2019 to June 2024, Gizmodo was part of G/O Media. In June 2024, the website was purchased by Swiss digital media company Keleops Media.
Keyhole sand dollar
Keyhole sand dollar refers to five living species of sand dollars in the genus Mellita, plus the extinct  †Mellita aclinensis. They are found on the Atlantic coasts of the Americas, ranging across the Caribbean Islands (e.g. Bermuda, Jamaica and Puerto Rico), from the southern United States at the north, to the southeastern coast of Brazil at the south. Their range includes the Pacific coast of equatorial countries, such  Central American countries and near, in the north sporadically across the Pacific coast of Mexico.

Sand dollar
Sand dollars (also known as sea cookies or snapper biscuits in New Zealand and Brazil, or pansy shells in South Africa) are species of flat, burrowing sea urchins belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. Some species within the order, not quite as flat, are known as sea biscuits. Sand dollars can also be called "sand cakes" or "cake urchins".
Cassie Taylor
Cassie Taylor (born 1986 in Boulder, Colorado) is an American singer-songwriter and blues musician. She started her career in the early 2000s touring as a bassist for her father Otis Taylor, a trance blues musician. Taylor released a positively received solo album, Out of my Mind, in 2013, which infused traditional Delta blues with genres as diverse as electronica, indie rock, and psychedelia. Based in Kansas City, Missouri as of 2013, they are also a model and fashion designer.

Otis Taylor (musician)
Otis Taylor (born July 30, 1948, Chicago, Illinois, United States) is an American blues musician.  He is a multi-instrumentalist whose talents include the guitar, banjo, mandolin, harmonica, and vocals.  In 2001, he was awarded a fellowship to the Sundance Film Composers Laboratory.
1992 Fianna Fáil leadership election
The 1992 Fianna Fáil leadership election began in January 1992, when Charles Haughey resigned as party leader.  Haughey had been party leader for thirteen years and had served as Taoiseach on three occasions. His successor was elected by the members of the Fianna Fáil parliamentary party on 6 February 1992. After one ballot the election was won by Albert Reynolds.

Albert Reynolds
Albert Martin Reynolds (3 November 1932 – 21 August 2014) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who served as Taoiseach and Leader of Fianna Fáil from 1992 to 1994. Between 1979 and 1991, he held several cabinet positions, including Minister for Finance from 1988 to 1991. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for Longford–Roscommon from 1977 to 1992, and for Longford–Westmeath from 1992 to 2002.

During his first term as taoiseach, Reynolds led a coalition government of Fianna Fáil and the Progressive Democrats. In his second term, he headed a coalition of Fianna Fáil and the Labour Party.
Zbarazh Raion
Zbarazh Raion (Ukrainian: Збаразький район) was a raion (district) of Ternopil Oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center was the city of Zbarazh. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Zbarazh Raion was split between Kremenets Raion and Ternopil Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 55,844 (2020 est.).

Ternopil Raion
Ternopil Raion (Ukrainian: Тернопільський район) is a raion in Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. Its administrative center is Ternopil. It has a population of 559,357 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Ternopil Raion was significantly expanded. Six abolished raions, Berezhany, Kozova, Pidhaitsi, Pidvolochysk, Terebovlia, and Zboriv Raions, a part of one more abolished raion, Zbarazh Raion, as well as Berezhany Municipality and the city of Ternopil, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Ternopil Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 67,199 (2020 est.).
Daniel Rudd
Daniel Arthur Rudd (August 7, 1854—December 3, 1933) was a Black Catholic journalist and early Civil Rights leader.

He is known for starting in 1885 what has been called "the first newspaper printed by and for Black Americans", the Ohio Tribune—which he later expanded into the American Catholic Tribune, purported to be the first Black-owned national newspaper. The paper folded in 1897.

He also founded the Colored Catholic Congress in 1889, which held five meetings total and lasted until 1894.

Colored Catholic Congress
The Colored Catholic Congress movement was a series of meetings organized by Daniel Rudd in the late 19th and early 20th centuries for African-American Catholics to discuss issues affecting their communities, churches, and other institutions.
King's Observatory
The King's Observatory (called for many years the Kew Observatory) is a Grade I listed building in Richmond, London. Now a private dwelling, it formerly housed an astronomical and terrestrial magnetic observatory founded by King George III.  The architect was Sir William Chambers; his design of the King's Observatory influenced the architecture of two Irish observatories – Armagh Observatory in Northern Ireland, and Dunsink Observatory near Dublin.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Vinyl propionate
Vinyl propionate is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH2CO2CH=CH2.  This colorless liquid is the ester of propionic acid and vinyl alcohol.  It is used to produce poly(vinyl propionate) as well as copolymers with acrylate esters,
vinyl chloride, and vinyl acetate, some of which are used in paints.  The compound resembles vinyl acetate.

Since vinyl alcohol is not available, vinyl propionate is produced by the addition of propionic acid to acetylene.  The reaction is catalyzed by carbon and zinc salts.

Vinyl acetate
Vinyl acetate is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH=CH2. This colorless liquid is the precursor to polyvinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, and other important industrial polymers.
Moylough
Moylough (/mɔɪˈlɒx/ moy-LOKH; Irish: Maigh Locha, meaning 'plain of the lake') is a rural village located in County Galway, Ireland. As of the 2016 census, it had a population of 518. The village is in a civil parish of the same name.

Moylough is 5 km (3 mi) northwest of Mountbellew and 50 km (31 mi) from Galway. It is located on the N63 national secondary road, and is also served by the R328 and R364 regional roads.

Mountbellew
Mountbellew or Mountbellew Bridge (historically Creggaun, from Irish: an Creagán, meaning 'the rocky place') is a town in County Galway, Ireland. It lies mostly within the townland of Treanrevagh (Trian Riabhach) on the N63 national primary road. As of the 2022 census, it had a population of 774.
Cornelia Bowen
Cornelia Bowen (1865–1934) was an African American teacher and school founder from Alabama. She was in the first graduating class of the Tuskegee Institute and went on to found the Mount Meigs Colored Institute as well as the Mt. Meigs Negro Boys' Reformatory. Based on the principles of the Tuskegee Institute, where she was trained, Bowen created industrial schools to teach students to thrive from their own industry. She was a member of both the state and national Colored Women's Federated Clubs and served as an officer of both organizations. She also was elected as the first woman president of the Alabama Negro Teacher's Association.

Mount Meigs Campus
The Mount Meigs Campus is a juvenile corrections facility of the Alabama Department of Youth Services located in the Mount Meigs community, and in the city of Montgomery, Alabama; the campus serves as the agency's administrative headquarters. The 780-acre (320 ha) campus, which can house 264 boys, is next to Interstate 85 North and about 15 miles (24 km) east of Downtown Montgomery. Since 2015, the separate J. Walter Wood Treatment facility for 24 girls is also located in the Mount Meigs Campus.
2013 conclave
A conclave was held on 12 and 13 March 2013 to elect a new pope to succeed Benedict XVI, who had resigned on 28 February 2013. Of the 117 eligible cardinal electors, all but two attended. On the fifth ballot, the conclave elected Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio, the archbishop of Buenos Aires. After accepting his election, he took the name Francis.

2005 conclave
A conclave was held on 18 and 19 April 2005 to elect a new pope to succeed John Paul II, who had died on 2 April 2005. Of the 117 eligible cardinal electors, all but two attended. On the fourth ballot, the conclave elected Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, the dean of the College of Cardinals and prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith . After accepting his election, he took the name Benedict XVI. Ratzinger was the first cardinal from the Roman Curia to become pope since Pius XII in 1939.
Pa. Ranjith
Pa. Ranjith (born 8 December 1982) is an Indian film director, producer and screenwriter who primarily works in Tamil cinema. He made his directorial debut with the 2012 romantic comedy Attakathi, before earning positive reviews for his second film, the political action-drama Madras (2014). He wrote and directed the action-drama films Kabali (2016) and Kaala (2018), both starring Rajinikanth. He is also the founder of Neelam, a socio-cultural organisation and film production house.

Neelam (organisation)
Neelam (Tamil: நீலம்) is an Indian socio-cultural NGO founded by filmmaker Pa. Ranjith, based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The organisation works towards anti-caste social justice, Dalit-Bahujan cultural expression and community activism across cinema, journalism, literature, performance art and public debate. It functions through different branches such as Neelam Productions, Neelam Panpaatu Maiyam (Neelam Cultural Centre), Neelam Foundation, Neelam Social and a literary magazine titled Neelam. The organisation draws inspiration from the Ambedkarism philosophy of B. R. Ambedkar and aims to generate a Dalit-perspective platform for art, politics and culture.
Geoffrey Moore
Geoffrey Moore (born 1946) is an American organizational theorist, management consultant and author, known for his work Crossing the Chasm: Marketing and Selling High-Tech Products to Mainstream Customers.

Crossing the Chasm
Crossing the Chasm: Marketing and Selling High-Tech Products to Mainstream Customers or simply Crossing the Chasm (1991, revised 1999 and 2014),  is a marketing book by Geoffrey A. Moore that examines the market dynamics faced by innovative new products, with a particular focus on the "chasm" or adoption gap that lies between early and mainstream markets.

The book offers decision-making guidelines for investors, engineers, enterprise executives, marketers and managers throughout the high-tech community. Real-world examples of companies that have struggled in the chasm are also provided.
Floorball Canada
Floorball Canada is the highest governing body for the sport of floorball in Canada. Floorball Canada is a self-governed organization which is recognized by the International Floorball Federation (IFF), Government of Canada, Sport Canada, and the Canadian Olympic Committee.

Floorball Canada organizes the Canada Cup every year, which hosts teams from all across the country to compete in elite, intermediate, recreation and children divisions. Floorball Canada organizes the elite-level national league (Floorball League of Canada as well as men's, women's, men's under-19, and women's under-19 national floorball teams. Floorball Canada has hosted the 2016 Women's under-19 World Championships, in Belleville, Ontario, and the 2019 Men's under-19 World Floorball Championships, in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Floorball Canada has been recognized by Hockey Canada as an excellent sport for off ice training for hockey players.

Canada men's national floorball team
The Canada men's national floorball team is the men's national floorball team of Canada, and a member of the International Floorball Federation (IFF).

Canada is ranked 15th in the IFF ranking, following their 16th and 12th-place finishes at the World Championships in 2024 and 2022. Their 11th-place ranking after the 2018 Men's World Floorball Championships ties the highest ranking achieved by the men's team at the World Championships.

Canada's main rivals in floorball include Japan, Australia and the United States.

The Canada National Team is organized by Floorball Canada.
Friso-Hollandic Wars
The Friso-Hollandic Wars, also called Frisian–Hollandic Wars (Dutch: Fries-Hollandse Oorlogen; West Frisian: Frysk-Hollânske oarloggen), were a series of short medieval wars (ranging from single battles to entire campaigns) consisting of the attempts made by the counts of Holland to conquer the free Frisian territories, which lay to the north and east of their domain. These wars were waged off and on from 1256 to 1297, 1324 to 1348, 1396 to 1411, and from 1421 to 1422, although it could be argued that a state of war continued to exist between the County of Holland and the Frisian territories till well after the year 1500.

Battle of Staveren
The Battle of Staveren, also known as the Battle of Warns (West Frisian: Slach by Warns; Dutch: Slag bij Warns), was a battle of the Friso-Hollandic Wars between Count William IV of Holland and the Frisians which took place on 26 September 1345. The annual commemoration of the battle is important for many nationalist Frisians. The Frisians won the battle and repelled the 'Hollanders' from the eastern coast of the Zuiderzee.
Ballantine's
Ballantine's is a brand of blended Scotch whisky produced by the Chivas Brothers subsidiary of Pernod Ricard in Dumbarton, Scotland.

The Ballantine's flavour is dependent on fingerprint malts from Miltonduff and Glenburgie, blended with 50 single malts and four single grains. The brand has won many accolades and awards for its products.

The world's second highest selling Scotch whisky in 2021 (after Johnnie Walker), it has historically been strong in Southern Europe.

According to the 2025 Brand Champions report released by The Spirits Business, Ballantine's was named the Scotch Whisky Brand Champion due to its highest sales percentage in 2024. Based on this report, Forbes listed Ballantine's as one of the 25 bestselling whisky brands in the world.

Blended whiskey
A blended whiskey (or blended whisky) is a blend of different types of whiskeys and sometimes also neutral spirits, colorings, and flavorings. It is usually a mixture of one or more higher-quality straight or single malt whiskeys with less expensive spirits and other ingredients. It typically priced lower than non-blended whiskies, although there are more expensive "premium" varieties.

Some examples of blended whiskey include Canadian Club, Canadian Mist, Jameson Irish Whiskey, Seagram's Seven, Kessler Whiskey, Hibiki, and Scotch blends such as Johnnie Walker, Ballantine's, Grant's, and Chivas Regal.
Sudden Strike
Sudden Strike is a series of real-time tactics video games set during World War II. The series is developed by Fireglow based in Russia and published by CDV software of Germany and has been re-published by ZOOM-Platform.com. The player selects a faction (e.g. Soviets, Germans, or Allied forces) and gains control of many varied units such as infantry, tanks and artillery. The games focus primarily on tactics, eschewing traditional real-time strategy resource gathering and base development.

Real-time tactics
Real-time tactics (RTT) is a subgenre of tactical wargames played in real-time, simulating the considerations and circumstances of operational warfare and military tactics. It is differentiated from real-time strategy gameplay by the absence of classic resource micromanagement and base or unit building, and by the greater importance of individual units and a focus on complex battlefield tactics.
Sankt Georgen am Kreischberg
Sankt Georgen am Kreischberg is since 2015 a municipality in Murau District in  Styria, Austria. It was created as part of the Styria municipal structural reform,
out of the former independent towns Sankt Georgen ob Murau and Sankt Ruprecht-Falkendorf. The town church after the changes, which began in November 2013, had continued the name "Sankt Georgen ob Murau", which was corrected through an amendment in April 2014.

Sankt Georgen ob Murau
Sankt Georgen ob Murau is a former municipality in the district of Murau in Styria, Austria. Since the 2015 Styria municipal structural reform, it is part of the municipality Sankt Georgen am Kreischberg.
Ali Landry
Ali Germaine Landry (born July 21, 1973) is an American actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss USA 1996. She played Rita Lefleur on the UPN sitcom Eve and was the Doritos Girl in a 1998 Super Bowl commercial. In 1998, she was named by People magazine as one of 50 most beautiful people in the world.

Miss USA 1996
Miss USA 1996 was the 45th Miss USA pageant, held at South Padre Island Convention Centre on South Padre Island, Texas culminating in the final competition and crowning on February 2, 1996.

At the conclusion of the final competition, Ali Landry of Louisiana was crowned by outgoing titleholder Shanna Moakler of New York. Landry had previously won the Miss Louisiana Teen USA title and placed seventh at Miss Teen USA 1990.

The pageant was held on South Padre Island for the third and final time.  It was hosted by Bob Goen for the third time, and Maty Monfort offered colour commentary.  Aaron Neville provided entertainment during the competition.

This was also the first year that the Miss Universe Organization opened a website dedicated to the pageant, and the first time they instituted an internet vote to choose the winner of the Miss Photogenic award.
Goran Perkovac
Goran Perkovac (born 16 September 1962) is a Croatian handball coach and former player who is the most recently head coach of the Croatia national team.

Perkovac competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics and in the 1996 Summer Olympics for Yugoslavia and Croatia respectively.

Perkovac's daughter Korina is a volleyball player who has played for the Switzerland women's national volleyball team.

Croatia men's national handball team
The Croatia national handball team (Croatian: Hrvatska rukometna reprezentacija) represents Croatia at international handball competitions and is governed by the Croatian Handball Federation (HRS). Since their Independence in 1991 Croatia has won 16 medals at main international competitions, the biggest being winning the gold medal at the Olympic Games twice and one World Championship title, and played in the final of the European Championship three times. The Croatian national team's victory at the 1996 Olympics is often credited as one of the biggest upsets in the history of handball. The Croatian national team have also won a so-called "international double", winning the gold medal at the World Championship (2003) and the Olympics (2004).
Alemu Megertu
Alemu Megertu (born 12 October 1997) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner. She finished third and second at the 2022 and 2023 London Marathon respectively. She competed in the women's marathon at the 2024 Summer Olympics held in Paris, France.

2022 London Marathon
The 2022 London Marathon was the 42nd running of the annual London Marathon on 2 October 2022. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the race was postponed from April until October to maximise the chances of a mass participation event. The elite men's and women's event were won by Kenyan Amos Kipruto and Ethiopian Yalemzerf Yehualaw respectively. The wheelchair races were won by Swiss athletes Marcel Hug and Catherine Debrunner respectively, both in course record times. Over 40,000 people finished the mass participation event.
Pegu Club (New York City)
Pegu Club was a craft cocktail bar in New York City, operating from 2005 to 2020. It was located on the border of SoHo and Greenwich Village in Manhattan. The bar was named after and loosely inspired by the Pegu Club, a club in a British colonial outpost in Myanmar, as well as its signature cocktail with the same name.

The bar was one of the most influential in the world, and a pioneer of the craft cocktail movement.

Pegu Club (cocktail)
The Pegu Club or the Pegu is a gin-based cocktail that was the signature drink of Burma's Pegu Club. Located just outside Rangoon, the club was named after the Pegu, a Burmese river, and its members were those Britons who were senior government and military officials and prominent businessmen.
Lateran Council of 649
The Lateran Council of 649 was a synod held in the Basilica of St. John Lateran to condemn Monothelitism, a Christology espoused by many Eastern Christians, and (to some degree) Pope Honorius. The Council did not achieve ecumenical status in either East or West, but represented the first attempt of a pope to convene an ecumenical council independent of the Roman emperor.

According to Andrew Ekonomou, the irony of the council was that the denunciation of the theology of Constantinople came from the "collaboration of a Greco-Palestinian pope and a Constantinopolitan monk employing a style of theological discourse whose tradition was purely Eastern." Although Pope Martin I and Maximus the Confessor were abducted by Constans II and tried in Constantinople for their role in the council (Martin I being replaced as pope before dying in exile), their position was ultimately endorsed by the Third Council of Constantinople in 680.

Third Council of Constantinople
The Third Council of Constantinople, counted as the Sixth Ecumenical Council by the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic Churches, and by certain other Western Churches, met in 680–681 and condemned monoenergism and monothelitism as heretical and defined Jesus Christ as having two energies and two wills (divine and human).
Lobster-tailed pot helmet
Lobster-tailed pot helmet, also known as the zischägge, horseman's pot and harquebusier's pot, was a type of combat helmet. It was derived from an Ottoman Turkish helmet type. From c. 1600, it became popular in most of Europe and was especially worn by cavalrymen and officers. The helmet gradually fell out of use in most of Europe in the late 17th century; however, the Austrian heavy cavalry retained it for some campaigns as late as the 1780s.

Harquebusier
The harquebusier was the most common form of cavalry found throughout Western Europe during the early to mid-17th century. Early harquebusiers were characterised by the use of a type of carbine called a "harquebus". In England, harquebusier was the technical name for this type of cavalry, though in everyday usage they were usually simply called 'cavalry' or 'horse'. In Germany they were often termed Ringerpferd, or sometimes Reiter, in Sweden they were called lätta ryttare.