hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2nd Canadian Division
The 2nd Canadian Division (2 Cdn Div; French: 2e Division du Canada) is a formation of the Canadian Army in the province of Quebec, Canada. The present command was created 2013 when Land Force Quebec Area was re-designated. The main unit housed in this division is the Royal 22nd Regiment based at CFB Valcartier near Quebec City, which is the largest regiment in the Canadian Army.

The division draws its historical lineage from formations that existed during the First and Second World Wars.

CFB Valcartier
2nd Canadian Division Support Base Valcartier (2 CDSB Valcartier),  formerly known as and commonly referred to as Canadian Forces Base Valcartier (CFB Valcartier), is a Canadian Forces base located in the municipality of Saint-Gabriel-de-Valcartier, 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi) north northwest of Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The 2nd Canadian Division is stationed at the base, comprising the 5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group and the 2nd Canadian Division Support Group.
Raid on Samaná
The Raid on Samaná was a land and naval action where two Royal Navy ships attacked the French held port of Samaná in Santo Domingo on 14 February 1807 during the Napoleonic Wars. They captured and burned a fort and then captured a number of ships which included two prizes with only light losses.

Samaná (town)
Samaná (old spelling: Xamaná), in full Santa Bárbara de Samaná, is a town and municipality in northeastern Dominican Republic and the capital of Samaná Province. It is on the northern coast of Samaná Bay. The town is an important tourism destination and the main center for whale-watching tours in the Caribbean region.

The town has three municipal districts: El Limón, Las Galeras, and Arroyo Barril. According to the 2012 population and housing census, the municipality has a total population of 108,179.
David TC Davies
David Thomas Charles Davies (born 27 July 1970) is a British politician who was Secretary of State for Wales from 2022 to 2024. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Monmouth from 2005 to 2024. A member of the Conservative Party, he chaired the Welsh Affairs Select Committee from 2010 to 2019. Davies also served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Wales from 2019 to 2022, and as Member of the Welsh Assembly (AM) for Monmouth from 1999 to 2007.

A vocal critic of the European Union, he supported Brexit in the 2016 membership referendum. Having previously questioned the scientific evidence for the role of human factors in global warming, Davies said in 2019 that he supported the UK government's intention to become carbon neutral by 2050 and that he fully accepted the link between carbon dioxide and climate change.

Secretary of State for Wales
The secretary of state for Wales (Welsh: ysgrifennydd gwladol Cymru), also referred to as the Welsh secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with responsibility for the Wales Office. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The officeholder works alongside the other Wales Office ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for Wales. The position is currently held by Jo Stevens having been appointed by Keir Starmer in July 2024.
Everett Withers
Everett Rowe Withers (born June 15, 1963) is an American football coach and former player. He was the defensive coordinator at FIU, and was the defensive backs coach for the New York Giants and as the head coach for the Texas State Bobcats. Withers served as head football coach at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill during the 2011 season, at James Madison University in the 2014 and 2015 seasons, and as the interim head coach at Temple following Stan Drayton's firing in 2024.

Stan Drayton
Stanley Drayton (born March 11, 1971) is an American football coach who is currently the running backs coach at the University of South Carolina. He previously served as the running backs coach at Penn State. He formerly served as the head football coach at Temple. Associate head coach, running backs coach, and run game coordinator at Texas, coached running backs at Ohio State and also coached running backs in the National Football League (NFL) for the Chicago Bears.
Wilhelm Grube
Wilhelm Grube (Chinese: 葛祿博; pinyin: Gé Lùbó) (17 August 1855 – 2 July 1908) was a German sinologist and ethnographer. He is particularly known for his work on Tungusic languages and the Jurchen language.

Jurchen language
The Jurchen language (Chinese: 女真語; pinyin: Nǚzhēn yǔ) was the Tungusic language of the Jurchen people of eastern Manchuria, the rulers of the Jin dynasty in northern China of the 12th and 13th centuries. It is ancestral to the Manchu language. In 1635 Hong Taiji renamed the Jurchen ethnicity and language to "Manchu".
Xlendi Tower
Xlendi Tower (Maltese: Torri tax-Xlendi) is a small watchtower near Xlendi Bay, within the limits of Munxar on the island of Gozo in Malta. The tower is one of the Lascaris towers and dates to 1650; it is currently undergoing restoration.

It is the oldest of the four surviving watchtowers on Gozo, the three  others being Dwejra Tower, Mġarr ix-Xini Tower and Isopu Tower. The earlier Garzes and Marsalforn towers were destroyed in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Lascaris towers
The Lascaris Towers (Maltese: Torrijiet ta' Lascaris) are a series of mostly small coastal watchtowers built in Malta by the Order of Saint John between 1637 and 1652. The first seven towers were built around the coast of mainland Malta in 1637 and 1638. Between 1647 and 1652, a large tower was also built on mainland Malta, and two smaller ones were built on Gozo.
Borknagar
Borknagar is a Norwegian progressive metal band with black metal and folk influences. It was founded in Bergen in 1995 by Øystein Garnes Brun primarily as a black metal band before later switching to a more melodic and progressive style. Borknagar's lyrics often deal with philosophy, paganism, nature and the cosmos. The band has released twelve studio albums.

Øystein Brun
Øystein Garnes Brun (born 14 April 1975) is a Norwegian guitarist who is a member of the progressive metal band Borknagar. He is the only permanent member of the group and wrote the majority of their songs. Brun is noted for having many albums already written ahead of time.
Stuart Neilson
Dr. Stuart Neilson is a fictional character in the New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street who was portrayed by Martin Henderson as part of the original cast until early 1995. The character returned after 22 years off screen to celebrate the show's 25th anniversary episode which aired on 25 May 2017.

The character's three years on the soap featured several major story lines as well as social commentary on youth, religion and mental illness. Stuart was introduced alongside mother, Marj (Elizabeth McRae) and father, Tom Neilson (Adrian Keeling) as a core family-unit alongside recurring brothers, Darryl (Mark Ferguson), Damien (Mark Ferguson) and Patrick.

The character was generally well received with Henderson winning the "Best Male Dramatic Performance in a Television Show" in the 1993 New Zealand Television and Film Awards.

Lionel Skeggins
Lionel Skeggins is a fictional character on the New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street who was portrayed by John Leigh. His casting on the show began in late 1993 as a guest role and ended in early 1999 as a fan favourite regular. Lionel returned for a cameo in the show's 25th Anniversary in 2017 and again for the 30th anniversary in 2022.
Casula
Casula (/kəˈsjuːlə/) is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 34 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Liverpool.

Casula is the first suburb immediately south of Liverpool on the Hume Highway and the Main Southern railway line between Sydney and Melbourne. Casula consists of undulating, gently rolling land, with elevations across the suburb being mostly between 30 and 70 metres above sea level. The Georges River forms the eastern boundary of the suburb, and its western bank is paralleled by a relatively steep escarpment.

Hume Highway
The Hume Highway, including the sections now known as the Hume Freeway and the Hume Motorway, is one of Australia's major inter-city national highways, running for 840 kilometres (520 mi) between Melbourne in the northeast and Sydney in the southwest. Upgrading of the route from Sydney's outskirts to Melbourne's outskirts to dual carriageway was completed on 7 August 2013.

From north to south, the road is called the Hume Highway in metropolitan Sydney, the Hume Motorway between the Cutler Interchange and Berrima, the Hume Highway elsewhere in New South Wales and the Hume Freeway in Victoria. It is part of the Auslink National Network and is a vital link for road freight to transport goods to and from the two cities as well as serving Albury–Wodonga and Canberra. It is therefore considered to be Australia's longest highway in terms of its dual-carriageway standard retaining the M, or motorway, alphanumeric.
John McCloskey
John McCloskey (March 10, 1810 – October 10, 1885) was an American Catholic prelate who served as the first American-born archbishop of New York from 1864 until his death in 1885.

McCloskey previously served as bishop of Albany in New York State (1847–1864). In 1875, McCloskey became the first American cardinal. He served as the first president of St. John's College, now Fordham University, from 1841 to 1842.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany
The Diocese of Albany (Latin: Diœcesis Albanensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in eastern New York in the United States. Its mother church is the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Albany. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of New York.
Wat Misaka
Wataru Misaka (December 21, 1923 – November 20, 2019) was an American  professional basketball player. A 5-foot-7-inch (1.70 m) point guard of Japanese descent, he broke a color barrier in professional basketball by being the first non-white player and the first player of Asian descent to play in the Basketball Association of America (BAA). The National Basketball Association (NBA), which was created in 1949 with the merger of the BAA and the NBL, later adopted the BAA's history and thus considers Misaka to be the first non-white player of the league.

Misaka played college basketball for the Utah Utes and helped lead the team to championships in the 1944 NCAA tournament and 1947 National Invitation Tournament (NIT). He took a two-year hiatus between these titles to serve in the United States Army in the American occupation of Japan. Misaka subsequently played three games for the New York Knicks during the 1947–48 season.

1947 National Invitation Tournament
The 1947 National Invitation Tournament was the 1947 edition of the annual NCAA college basketball competition. The Utah Utes won the tournament, led by Wataru Misaka. Misaka later joined the New York Knicks and became the first person of color to play in modern professional basketball.

In the championship game against the Kentucky Wildcats, Utah held star Ralph Beard to a single point. Beard later pleaded guilty for his part in the 1951 NCAA point shaving scandal.
Sing Rattanasamai
General Sing Rattanasamay (1912–1973) was a Laotian senior military officer, being one of the co-founders of the Laotian National Army (French: Armée Nationale Laotiènne – ANL), the predecessor of the Royal Lao Army (RLA) during the First Indochina War and the Laotian Civil War. Initially a colonial police officer, Sing joined both the anti-Japanese resistance network during World War II, and the anti-French Lao Issara nationalist guerrilla movement from 1946 to 1949. He subsequently joined the ranks of the nascent ANL, and went on to serve the Kingdom of Laos until just prior to his death in 1973.

Royal Lao Army
The Royal Lao Army (Lao: ກອງທັພພຣະຣາຊອານາຈັກລາວ; French: Armée royale du Laos – ARL), also designated by its anglicized title RLA, was the land component of the Royal Lao Armed Forces (FAR), the official military of the Kingdom of Laos during the North Vietnamese invasion of Laos and the Laotian Civil War between 1960 and 1975.
Tempel 1
Tempel 1 (official designation: 9P/Tempel) is a Jupiter-family comet discovered by Wilhelm Tempel in 1867. It completes an orbit of the Sun every 5.6 years. Tempel 1 was the target of the Deep Impact space mission, which photographed a deliberate high-speed impact upon the comet in 2005. It was re-visited by the Stardust spacecraft on 14 February 2011, and came back to perihelion in August 2016. On 26 May 2024, it made a modest approach to Jupiter at a distance of 0.55 AU (82 million km), which lifted the perihelion distance. 9P will next come to perihelion on 12 February 2028 when it will be 1.77 AU (265 million km) from the Sun.

Wilhelm Tempel
Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel (4 December 1821 – 16 March 1889), normally known as Wilhelm Tempel, was a German astronomer who worked in Marseille until the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, then later moved to Italy.

Tempel was born at Niedercunnersdorf, Saxony. He was a prolific discoverer of comets, discovering or co-discovering 21 in all, including Comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle, now known to be the parent body of the Leonid meteor shower, and 9P/Tempel, the target of the NASA probe Deep Impact in 2005. Other periodic comets that bear his name include 10P/Tempel and 11P/Tempel-Swift-LINEAR.

In 1861, he was awarded the Lalande Prize. He won the Prix Valz for the year 1880. The main-belt asteroid 3808 Tempel and the lunar crater Tempel are named after him.
Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District
The Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District (MRGCD) was formed in 1925 to manage the irrigation systems and control floods in the Albuquerque Basin.
It is responsible for the stretch of river from the Cochiti Dam in Sandoval County in the north, through Bernalillo County, Valencia County and Socorro County to the Elephant Butte Reservoir in the south.  It manages the Angostura, Isleta and San Acacia diversion dams, which feed an extensive network of irrigation canals and ditches.

Cochiti Dam
The Cochiti Dam is an earthen fill dam located on the Rio Grande in Sandoval County, New Mexico, approximately 50 miles (80 km) north of Albuquerque, New Mexico, in the United States. It also impounds the Santa Fe River. By volume of material, it is the 23rd largest dam in the world at 62,849,000 yd3 (48,052,000 m3) of material, one of the ten largest such dams in the United States, and the eleventh largest such dam in the world. Cochiti Dam is one of the four United States Army Corps of Engineers projects for flood and sediment control on the Rio Grande system, operating in conjunction with Abiquiu Dam, Galisteo Dam and Jemez Canyon Dam.
Dolega District
Dolega District (Spanish pronunciation: [doˈleɣa]) is a district (distrito) of Chiriquí Province in Panama. The population according to the 2000 census was 17,243. The district covers a total area of 249 km². The capital lies at the city of Dolega.

Dolega, Chiriquí
Dolega   is a corregimiento in Dolega District, Chiriquí Province, Panama. It is the seat of Dolega District. It has a land area of 26.8 square kilometres (10.3 sq mi) and had a population of 4,074 as of 2010, giving it a population density of 152.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (394/sq mi). Its population as of 1990 was 5,256; its population as of 2000 was 7,516.
Free Legal Assistance Group
The Free Legal Assistance Group (FLAG) is a nationwide organization of human rights lawyers in the Philippines. It was founded in 1974 by Senator Jose W. Diokno, Lorenzo Tañada, J.B.L. Reyes, and Joker Arroyo during the martial law era under former President Ferdinand Marcos. It is the first and largest group of human rights lawyers established in the nation. They work on countering varied abuses against human rights and civil liberties. Its current chairman since 2025 is human rights lawyer Ted Te.

Ted Te
Theodore O. "Ted" Te is a Filipino human rights lawyer, professor, and former Spokesperson of the Supreme Court of the Philippines during the tenure of Chief Justice Maria Lourdes Sereno. He resigned on the position after Sereno was ousted.

A lawyer of the Free Legal Assistance Group (FLAG) and also its Regional Coordinator of FLAG Metro Manila, he is notable for serving as counsel for Leo Echegaray who was sentenced to death, as well as Rappler founder and Nobel Peace Prize recipient Maria Ressa.
Rentap
Rentap (born Libau anak Ningkan; c. 1800–1863), also known as Libau Rentap, was a warrior and a recognized Iban hero in Sarawak (now a state of Malaysia) during the reign of the first White Rajah, James Brooke. His praisename, Rentap Tanah, Runtuh Menua translates from the Iban language as 'Earth-tremor, World-shaker'. His famous and frequently quoted slogan was "Agi idup, Agi ngelaban" which translates into "Still alive, still fighting".

Iban language
The Iban language (jaku Iban) is spoken by the Iban, one of the Dayak ethnic groups who live in Brunei, the Indonesian province of West Kalimantan and in the Malaysian state of Sarawak. It belongs to the Malayic subgroup, a Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family.

Iban has reached a stage of becoming a koiné language in Sarawak due to contact with groups speaking other related Ibanic languages within the state. It is ranked as Level 5 (i.e. "safe") in term of endangerment on Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS). Since 2024, the Iban language is included in Google Translate under Malaysia domain.
Diamond knot
The diamond knot (or knife lanyard knot) is a knot for forming a decorative loop on the end of a cord such as on a lanyard. A similar knot, also called the diamond knot, is a multistrand stopper knot, that is similar in appearance (although the footrope knot is really more similar, but it is simply an upside down diamond knot). Some people recommend calling this knot the knife lanyard knot in order to avoid confusion. This knot is a four strand diamond knot implemented in two strands. The knife lanyard knot and Chinese button knot are "tied alike, but they are worked differently." This knot is also used in Prayer ropes by Eastern Christians, who accredit the knot's creation to a legend relating to Saint Anthony the Great.

The sailor's knife lanyard knot, also called marling-spike lanyard knot, single-strand diamond knot, two-strand diamond knot, and Bosun's whistle knot.— The Ashley Book of Knots

Chinese button knot
The Chinese button knot is essentially a knife lanyard knot where the lanyard loop is shortened to a minimum, i.e. tightened to the knot itself. There emerges therefore only two lines next to each other from the knot: the beginning and the end. The knot is commonly used as a button on underwear and night clothes in China, as they are more durable than harder buttons, and more comfortable to rest against.
Mahmoud Ezzat
Mahmoud Ezzat Ibrahim (Arabic: محمود عزت إبراهيم, romanized: Maḥmūd ʿIzzat Ibrāhīm; also sometimes spelled "Mahmoud Izzat"; born 13 August 1944) is the former acting general guide of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and one of the most prominent leaders of the Muslim Brotherhood. Historian Fawaz Gerges describes his role as "akin to chief of staff of the Ikhwan [Muslim Brotherhood]."

Mohammed Mahdi Akef
Mohammed Mahdi Akef (Arabic: محمد مهدي عاكف; July 12, 1928 – September 22, 2017) was the head of the Muslim Brotherhood, an Egypt-based Islamic political movement, from 2004 until 2010. He assumed the post, that of "general guide" (Arabic: المرشد العام) (frequently translated as "chairman") upon the death of his predecessor, Ma'mun al-Hudaybi. Akef was arrested on 4 July 2013. On 14 July 2013 Egypt's new prosecutor general Hisham Barakat ordered his assets to be frozen.
Klang, Det Udom
Klang (Thai: กลาง) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Det Udom District, in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand. In 2021, it had a population of 14,470 people. Neighbouring subdistricts are (clockwise from the south) Non Sombun, Non Sawan, Top Hu, Tha Pho Si, Mueang Det, Phon Ngam, Kham Khrang, and Bua Ngam.

Mueang Det
Mueang Det (Thai: เมืองเดช) is a capital tambon (subdistrict) of Det Udom District, in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand. In 2021, it had a population of 33,447 people. Neighbouring subdistricts are (clockwise from the south) Tha Pho Si, Na Charoen, Na Rueang, Kut Prathai, Phon Ngam and Klang.
Stantec Tower
Stantec Tower is a 66-story building and 4 underground, 250.8-metre (823-foot) mixed-use skyscraper in Ice District in the downtown core of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. On May 23, 2018, it reached a construction height of 197 metres (646 ft) and surpassed the JW Marriott Edmonton Ice District & Residences, becoming the tallest building in Edmonton and one of the largest mixed-use projects in Canada. The office area of the tower opened on September 26, 2018, and the residential portion opened in 2019.

At 250.9 metres (823 ft) tall, the Stantec Tower is the 7th-tallest building in Canada, as well as the tallest in Canada outside Toronto, Ontario. The 66-storey tower consists of retail space, offices, and 454 residential units. It houses the headquarters of Stantec and is located close to Rogers Place, home of the NHL's Edmonton Oilers, and near the centre of Ice District directly northwest of Downtown Edmonton.

Ice District
The Ice District is a $2.5 billion mixed-use sports and entertainment district being developed on 10 hectares (25 acres) of land in Downtown Edmonton and a portion of the neighbourhood of Central McDougall. Its main attraction is Rogers Place, the home arena of the Edmonton Oilers professional ice hockey team. When completed the area will be Canada's largest mixed-use and entertainment district. The developers of the district are the Katz Group and the ONE Development Group. On July 13, 2015, it was announced that the area of the city surrounding the arena from 101 and 104 Street to 103 and 106 Avenue would be referred to as "Ice District" –  a name created by Daryl Katz.
Wild-type transthyretin amyloid
Wild-type transthyretin amyloid (WTTA), also known as senile systemic amyloidosis (SSA), is a disease that typically affects the heart and tendons of elderly people. It is caused by the accumulation of a wild-type (that is to say a normal) protein called transthyretin. This is in contrast to a related condition called transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis where a genetically mutated transthyretin protein tends to deposit much earlier than in WTTA due to abnormal conformation and bioprocessing.
It belongs to a group of diseases called amyloidosis, chronic progressive conditions linked to abnormal deposition of normal or abnormal proteins, because these proteins are misshapen and cannot be properly degraded and eliminated by the cell metabolism.

Familial amyloid polyneuropathy
Familial amyloid polyneuropathy, also called hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (hATTR), or Corino de Andrade's disease, is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease. It is a form of amyloidosis, and was first identified and described by Portuguese neurologist Mário Corino da Costa Andrade, in 1952. FAP is distinct from senile systemic amyloidosis (SSA), which is not inherited, and which was determined to be the primary cause of death for 70% of supercentenarians who have been autopsied. FAP can be ameliorated by liver transplantation.
Peter Zoller
Peter Zoller (born 16 September 1952) is a theoretical physicist from Austria. He was professor at the University of Innsbruck and is known for his pioneering research on quantum computing, quantum simulation and quantum communication.

Ignacio Cirac
Juan Ignacio Cirac Sasturain (born 11 October 1965), known professionally as Ignacio Cirac, is a Spanish physicist. He is one of the pioneers of the field of quantum computing and quantum information theory. He was awarded the 2013 Wolf Prize in Physics.