hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spinach dip
Spinach dip (sometimes casually spin dip) is a dip that uses the vegetable spinach as a primary ingredient. Frozen spinach is often used in its preparation. Slow cookers may be used to prepare the dip, and it may be served warm, or there may be no cooking involved. Additional primary ingredients include mayonnaise, cream cheese, sour cream and cheese. Examples of accompaniments to spinach dip include bread, crackers and chips.

The dip is commonly eaten as an hors d'oeuvre, appetizer, or party platter. Many casual restaurant chains offer spinach dip on their menus. Several commercially prepared, mass-produced spinach dips are sold in grocery stores and supermarkets. Some commercial powdered mixes, such as Knorr, are available to flavor the dip.

Dipping sauce
A dip or dipping sauce is a common condiment for many types of food. Dips are used to add flavor or texture to a food, such as pita bread, dumplings, crackers, chopped raw vegetables, fruits, seafood, cubed pieces of meat and cheese, potato chips, tortilla chips, falafel, and sometimes even whole sandwiches in the case of jus. Unlike other sauces, instead of applying the sauce to the food, the food is typically placed or dipped into the sauce.

Dips are commonly used for finger foods, appetisers, and other food types. Thick dips based on sour cream, crème fraîche, milk, yogurt, mayonnaise, soft cheese, or beans are a staple of American hors d'oeuvres and are lighter than spreads, which can be thinned to make dips.

Dips in various forms are eaten all over the world and people have been using sauces for dipping for thousands of years.
West Potomac Park
West Potomac Park is a U.S. national park in Washington, D.C., adjacent to the National Mall. It includes the parkland that extends south of the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool, from the Lincoln Memorial to the grounds of the Washington Monument. The park is the site of several national landmarks including the Korean War Veterans Memorial, Jefferson Memorial, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, George Mason Memorial, and the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial.

The park includes the surrounding land on the shore of the Tidal Basin, an artificial inlet of the Potomac River which was created in the 19th century, an inlet that links the Potomac with the northern end of the Washington Channel.

West Potomac Park is administered by National Mall and Memorial Parks, an administrative unit of the National Park Service's National Capital Parks.

George Mason Memorial
The George Mason Memorial is a memorial to Founding Father George Mason, the author of the Virginia Declaration of Rights that inspired the United States Bill of Rights. The Memorial is located in West Potomac Park within Washington, D.C. at 24 E Basin Drive SW, which is a part of the Tidal Basin. Authorized in 1990, with a groundbreaking in 2000 and dedication in 2002, the memorial includes a sculpture of Mason, a pool, trellis, circular hedges, and numerous inscriptions. It was the first memorial in the Tidal Basin area to be dedicated to someone who was not a former President of the United States.
Gornji Branetići
Gornji Branetići is a village in the municipality of Gornji Milanovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 578 people.

The village was active in the Serbian Revolution, being organized into the knežina (administrative unit) of Brusnica (Takovo) during the First Serbian Uprising (1804–13). Among notable local revolutionaries were Vaso Vasović and Živan Jestro.

Gornji Milanovac
Gornji Milanovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Гoрњи Милановац, pronounced [ɡôːrɲiː mǐlanoʋats] ⓘ) is a town and municipality located in the Moravica District of central Serbia. The population of the town is 23,109, while the population of the municipality is 38,985 (2022 census data).

The town was founded in 1853 as Despotovica (Деспотовица), after the river passing by the town. In 1859 the name was changed to Gornji Milanovac at the request of Prince Miloš Obrenović. Its name means Upper Milanovac (there is a Lower Milanovac as well, while Milanovac was named so in honour of revolutionary Milan Obrenović).

The microregion of Rudnik–Takovo (Serbian: Рудничко-таковски крај), or simply Takovo (Serbian: Таково, Таковски крај), in the broader sense roughly corresponds to the modern municipality of Gornji Milanovac. It includes the southern foothills of the Rudnik mountain, and northern foothills of Suvobor and Maljen. Some villages in the municipality are part of the Kačer region.
KakaoBank
KakaoBank Corp. (stylized as Kakaobank; Korean: 주식회사 카카오뱅크) is a South Korean financial institution specializing in mobile banking services and financial technology. It was founded in 2016 through a collaboration between Korea Investment Holdings and Kakao Corp.

Kakao
Kakao Corporation (Korean: 카카오) is a South Korean internet conglomerate headquartered in Jeju City. It was formed through the merger of Daum Communications and the original Kakao Inc. in 2010. The company was renamed Daum Kakao in 2014. In 2015, it was rebranded once more, reverting simply to Kakao.

The KakaoTalk messaging app dominates in South Korea, and after launching in March 2010, the service gained around 90% of domestic market share in 2015. In January 2016, Kakao acquired a 76.4% stake in LOEN Entertainment, a large South Korean entertainment company, for $1.5 billion; it was later rebranded to Kakao M. The company has gained further prominence through KakaoTalk, a free mobile instant messaging application for smartphones, with text and call features.

Kakao Corp's full suite of apps includes: KakaoTalk, KakaoStory, KakaoTaxi, KakaoAccount, KakaoMap, KakaoDriver, KakaoBus, KakaoMusic, KakaoGroup, KakaoHome, KakaoPlace, KakaoAlbum, KakaoPage, KakaoStyle, and KakaoAgit.
Huang Zhanyue
Huang Zhanyue (simplified Chinese: 黄展岳; traditional Chinese: 黃展岳; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: N̂g Tián-ga̍k; August 1926 – 22 April 2019) was a Chinese archaeologist. He was a professor at the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and an honorary academician of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. His research focus was on the archaeology of China from the Han dynasty to the Tang dynasty.

Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
The Institute of Archaeology (IA; Chinese: 中国社会科学院考古研究所) is a constituent institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), based in Beijing, China. It was founded on 1 August 1950, as part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Its original 20 or so researchers came from the Beiping Research Academy and the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica of the Republic of China. In 1977, the institute became part of the newly established CASS.
HMS Jahde
HMS Jahde was a Dutch schuyt of six guns and 47 tons burthen that the Royal Navy captured in 1809 and took into service. She was the only vessel of her name to serve in the Royal Navy. No vessel by that name appears in Colledge & Barlow (2006). She served until she was sold in 1815.

On 24 August 1809, Jahde was in company with Patriot, the schooner Paz, and two boats detached from Brev Drageren and Censor. Together they captured property at Harlinger Zyl, together with a Danish privateer and a mutt in ballast.

The next month, on 11 September, Pincher, Patriot, Paz and Jahde shared in the capture of vessels referred to in the prize-money announcement as Young Pincher, Young Paz, and Young Patriot.

Jahde was converted into a water vessel, perhaps in 1813 like Patriot. In December 1815 the Admiralty put three schuyts, Patriot, Ems, and Jahde up for sale at Chatham. All sold in 1815.

HMS Patriot (1808)
HMS Patriot was a Dutch schuyt that the Royal Navy captured in 1808 and took into service. She captured several enemy vessels before she was converted to a water vessel in 1813. The Admiralty sold her in 1815.
Lodi Gardens
Lodi Gardens is a city park situated in New Delhi. Spread over 90 acres (360,000 m2), it contains Muhammad Shah's tomb, the tomb of Sikandar Lodi, the Shisha Gumbad and the Bara Gumbad. These monuments date from the late Delhi Sultanate, during the Sayyid dynasty (r. 1414–1451) and Lodi dynasty (r. 1451–1526). At this time, the Delhi Sultanate's territory included parts of present-day North India and the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

As there is little architecture dating to the Sayyid and the Lodi periods still standing, Lodi Gardens is an important archaeological site, and is protected by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). The gardens are situated between Khan Market and Safdarjung's Tomb on Lodi Road and are a popular spot for morning walks for Delhiites.

Tomb of Sikandar Lodi
The Tomb of Sikandar Lodi is the tomb of the second ruler of the Lodi Dynasty, Sikandar Lodi (reign: 1489–1517 CE) situated in New Delhi, India. The tomb is situated in Lodi Gardens in Delhi and was built in 1517–1518 CE by his son Ibrahim Lodi. The monument is situated 100 meters away from the Bara Gumbad and the area in which it is situated was formerly a village called Khairpur.
Evgenia Berkovich
Evgenia Borisovna "Zhenya" Berkovich (Russian: Евгения Борисовна "Женя" Беркович; born 29 April 1985) is a Russian theatre director, playwright, and poet. She is a member of Kirill Serebrennikov's ‘Seventh Studio’.

On 5 May 2023, she was arrested alongside Svetlana Petriychuk on allegations of justifying terrorism. On 8 July 2024, the two were sentenced to six years in prison.

Svetlana Petriychuk
Svetlana Aleksandrovna Petriychuk (Russian: Светлана Александровна Петрийчук; born April 22, 1980) is a Russian playwright, theatre and cinema director, and teacher.

On 4 May 2023, she was arrested alongside Evgenia Berkovich on allegations of justifying terrorism. On 8 July 2024, both were sentenced to six years in prison.
Ustyansky District
Ustyansky District (Russian: Устья́нский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Ustyansky Municipal District. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Verkhnetoyemsky District in the northeast, Krasnoborsky and Kotlassky Districts in the east, Velikoustyugsky, Nyuksensky, Tarnogsky, and Verkhovazhsky Districts, all of Vologda Oblast, in the south, Velsky District in the west, and with Shenkursky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 10,700 square kilometers (4,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Oktyabrsky. Population:  30,581 (2010 census); 37,131 (2002 census); 45,352 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Oktyabrsky accounts for 30.4% of the district's total population.

Verkhnetoyemsky District
Verkhnetoyemsky District (Russian: Верхнето́емский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Verkhnetoyemsky Municipal District. It is located in the southeast of the oblast and borders with Pinezhsky District in the north, Udorsky District of the Komi Republic in the east, Krasnoborsky and Ustyansky Districts in the south, Shenkursky District in the west, and with Vinogradovsky District in the northwest. Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Verkhnyaya Toyma. District's population:  17,060 (2010 Census); 22,630 (2002 Census); 27,989 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Verkhnyaya Toyma accounts for 20.3% of the district's total population.
Washington Park (Indianapolis)
Washington Park (formally Washington Baseball Park) was the name of two different minor league baseball parks in Indianapolis, Indiana, in the early twentieth century. They were used primarily by the Indianapolis Indians before that club moved to Perry Stadium in 1931.

Bush Stadium
Owen J. Bush Stadium was a baseball stadium in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. It was home to the Indianapolis Indians from 1931 to 1996. It was also home to a few Negro league teams, as well as a Continental Football League team, the Indianapolis Capitols, who won the league's final championship in 1969. The stadium closed in 2001, and since 2014, has been converted into apartments.
Toolbox Murders
Toolbox Murders is a 2004 American slasher film directed by Tobe Hooper, and written by Jace Anderson and Adam Gierasch. It is a remake of the 1978 film The Toolbox Murders and was produced by the same people behind the original. The film is centered on the occupants of an apartment who are stalked and murdered by a masked killer.

The Toolbox Murders
The Toolbox Murders is a 1978 American slasher film directed by Dennis Donnelly, from a screenplay by Neva Friedenn, Robert Easter, and Anne Kindberg. Starring Cameron Mitchell, Pamelyn Ferdin, and Wesley Eure, it follows a series of violent murders centered around a Los Angeles apartment complex, followed by the kidnapping and disappearance of a teenage girl who resides there. The film was marketed as being a dramatization of true events, though no source can confirm this. It was briefly banned in the early 1980s in the United Kingdom during the "video nasty" panic.
Hasmukhbhai Parekh
Hasmukh Thakordas Parekh (10 March 1911 – 18 November 1994) was an Indian financial entrepreneur, writer and philanthropist. He played a role in the development of Industrial Credit & Investment Corporation of India, now ICICI Bank, founded the Housing Development Finance Corporation, and in 1992 was awarded the Padma Bhushan for his contribution to the finance industry in India. The London School of Economics also conferred on him an honorary fellowship.

Housing Development Finance Corporation
Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC) was an Indian private-sector mortgage lender based in Mumbai. It was widely recognised as the largest housing finance company in India. In addition to its core mortgage lending operations, HDFC had diversified interests through its associate and subsidiary companies, including banking, life and general insurance, asset management, venture capital, and deposit services.

In July 2023, HDFC merged with HDFC Bank, India’s largest private-sector bank. The merger aimed to broaden the group's financial offerings and enhance customer access by leveraging the bank's extensive network and diverse portfolio. This strategic consolidation marked a significant milestone in India's financial services landscape.
Freilichtbühne Mülheim an der Ruhr
The Freilichtbühne Mülheim an der Ruhr (Mülheim an der Ruhr Open-Air Theatre) is an open-air amphitheatre in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, built in 1936 as a Nazi Thingplatz. It is the most important open-air theatre in the Rhine-Ruhr region and with 2,000 seats, one of the largest in Germany.

Thingspiele
A Thingspiel (plural Thingspiele) was a kind of multi-disciplinary outdoor theatre performance which enjoyed brief popularity in pre-war Nazi Germany during the 1930s. A Thingplatz or Thingstätte was a specially-constructed outdoor amphitheatre built for such performances. About 400 were planned, but only about 40 were built between 1933 and 1939.
Nahargarh Fort
Nahargarh Fort stands on the edge of the Aravalli Hills, overlooking the city of Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Along with Amber Fort and Jaigarh Fort, Nahargarh once formed a strong defence ring for the city. The fort was originally named Sudershangarh, but it became known as Nahargarh, which means 'abode of tigers'. The popular belief is that Nahar here stands for Nahar Singh Bhomia, whose spirit haunted the place and obstructed construction of the fort. Nahar's spirit was pacified by building a temple in his memory within the fort, which thus became known by his name.

Jaigarh Fort
Jaigarh Fort is situated on the promontory called the Cheel ka Teela (Hill of Eagles) of the Aravalli range; it overlooks the Amer Fort and the Maota Lake, near Amer in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Raja Kakil Dev captured the Amber region from the Mina tribes and began construction of Jaigarh fort around the middle of the eleventh century. Over the centuries, the Fort was augmented by subsequent rulers, including Maha Raja Jai Singh II, who added palace apartments to the complex.

The fort, rugged and similar in structural design to the Amer Fort, is also known as Victory Fort. It has a length of 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) along the north–south direction and a width of 1 kilometre (0.62 mi). The fort features a cannon named "Jaivana" (Jaivana Cannon), which was manufactured in the fort precincts and was then the world's largest cannon on wheels. Jaigarh Fort and Amer Fort are connected by subterranean passages and considered as one complex.
South Korean football league system
The South Korean football league system contains two professional leagues, two semi-professional leagues, and various amateur leagues for Korean football clubs.

The highest level of football in South Korea is the K League 1, which was founded in 1983. K League 2 was founded in 2013 and is currently a second division. Below the level of the professional leagues are the semi-professional K3 League, which was founded in 2007 and refounded in 2020, and the K4 League, which was founded in 2020, and serve as the third division and fourth division, respectively.

There was no avenue for progression between any of the leagues until 2012, when the K League 2 was founded.

The highest level of women's football in South Korea is the WK League, which was founded in 2009.

K3 League (2007–2019)
The K3 League (Korean: K3리그) was a South Korean amateur football league held annually from 2007 to 2019. It was considered the third-highest division of the South Korean football league system before the K League 2 was launched in 2013, and the fourth-highest division since then. In 2017, it was divided into K3 League Advanced and fifth-tier league K3 League Basic, and introduced a system of promotion and relegation. In 2020, it was reborn as a semi-professional league after merging with the Korea National League.
Nightingale Island
Nightingale Island is an active volcanic island in the South Atlantic Ocean, 3 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi) in area, part of the Tristan da Cunha group of islands. They are administered by the United Kingdom as part of the overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

Nightingale Island is part of the Nightingale Islands, which also includes islets Middle Island and Stoltenhoff Island. All three of these islands are uninhabited, but are regularly visited for scientific purposes and research. It is one of the only stops for birds in the Atlantic and millions of them visit it annually.

Nightingale Islands
The Nightingale Islands are a group of three islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, part of the Tristan da Cunha territory. They consist of Nightingale Island, Middle Island and Stoltenhoff Island. The islands are administered by the United Kingdom as part of the overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. The Nightingale Islands are uninhabited.

Nightingale Island is the smallest of the four main islands of the Tristan da Cunha Group, measuring only 4 square kilometres (1.5 sq mi), and lies 30 kilometres (18.6 mi) away from Tristan and 22 kilometres (13.7 mi) from Inaccessible. Stoltenhoff and Middle (also known as Alex Island), are really two large islets rather than conventional islands.
Hypermasculinity
Hypermasculinity is a psychological and sociological term for the exaggeration of male stereotypical behavior, such as an emphasis on physical strength, aggression, and human male sexuality. In the field of clinical psychology, this term has been used ever since the publication of research by Donald L. Mosher and Mark Sirkin in 1984. Mosher and Sirkin operationally define hypermasculinity or the "macho personality" as consisting of three variables:

Callous sexual attitudes toward women

The belief that violence is manly

The experience of danger as exciting

They developed the Hypermasculinity Inventory (HMI) designed to measure the three components. Research has found that hypermasculinity is associated with sexual and physical aggression towards women and perceived gay men. Prisoners have higher hypermasculinity scores than control groups.

Masculinity
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
Fuhonsen
Fuhonsen (富本銭) aka Futōsen (富夲銭) is an early form of Japanese currency that was created around 683 (Tenmu 12) during the Asuka period. Its suggested that these coins were minted before the creation of the Wadōkaichin in 708 based on an entry in the Nihon Shoki. Theories differ as to whether this coin actually circulated or was used as a Chinese numismatic charm. While Mumonginsen preceded these coins, there are still many unanswered questions regarding their functions.

Wadōkaichin
Wadōkaichin (和同開珎), also romanized as Wadō-kaichin or called Wadō-kaihō, is the oldest official Japanese coinage, first mentioned for 29 August 708 on order of Empress Genmei. It was long considered to be the first type of coin produced in Japan. Analyses of several findings of Fuhon-sen (富夲銭) in Asuka have shown that those coins were manufactured from 683.
Office of the Accountant of Court
The Office of the Accountant of Court (Scottish Gaelic: Oifis Cunntasair na Cùirte) is a public body which is a constituent part of the Supreme Courts of Scotland. The Accountant of Court is administered by the Scottish Courts and Tribunals Service. The Accountant of Court's Office formerly dealt with guardianship cases in respect of adults with incapacity. However, following the introduction of the Adults with Incapacity (Scotland) Act 2000 by the Scottish Parliament, these cases were transferred to the new Office of the Public Guardian (Scotland).

Based in Falkirk, the office of Accountant of Court, also known as the Accountant of the Court of Session (see Court of Session), was established by the Judicial Factors Act 1849, and their role was further defined by the Children (Scotland) Act 1995.

College of Justice
The College of Justice (Scottish Gaelic: Colaiste a' Cheartais) includes the Supreme Courts of Scotland, and its associated bodies. The constituent bodies of the national supreme courts are the Court of Session, the High Court of Justiciary, the Office of the Accountant of Court, and the Auditor of the Court of Session. Its associated bodies are the Faculty of Advocates, the Society of Writers to His Majesty's Signet and the Society of Solicitors in the Supreme Courts of Scotland.

The College is headed by the Lord President of the Court of Session, who also holds the title of Lord Justice General in relation to the High Court of Justiciary, and judges of the Court of Session and High Court are titled Senators of the College of Justice.