hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tell Madhur
Tell Madhur (also Madhhur) is a tell, or archaeological settlement mound, in Diyala Governorate (Iraq). The site was excavated due to it being flooded by the reservoir created by the Hamrin Dam. Madhur is best known for its particularly well-preserved Ubaid house. A significant Early Dynastic occupation, consisting of a rounded building typical for the Hamrin region at the time, has also been attested at Madhur.

Lake Hamrin
Lake Hamrin is a human-made lake approximately 50 km (31 mi) north-east of Baqubah, in Iraq's Diyala Governorate. The town of Hamrin sits on the western shore of the lake, both of which are at the southern tip of the Hamrin mountains. The Hemrin Dam, which creates Lake Hamrin, was established in 1981 as an artificial dam to hold over two billion cubic metres of water. It is a source of fish and also provides water for nearby date palm orchards and other farms. In June 2008, it was reported that due to Iranian damming of the Alwand River, the lake had lost nearly 80% of its capacity.
Tumor promotion
Tumor promotion is a process in carcinogenesis by which various factors permit the descendants of a single initiated cell to survive and expand in number, i.e. to resist apoptosis and to undergo clonal growth.  This is a step toward tumor progression.

In order for a tumor cell to survive, it must decrease its expression of tumor suppressor genes such as p53, BRCA1, BRCA2, RB1, or the fas receptor. A tumor suppressor would trigger an apoptotic pathway in a cancer cell if there were DNA damage, polyploidy, or uncontrolled cell growth.

Simultaneously, tumor cells need to upregulate oncogenes, which promote or cause downstream activation of growth factors and cell survival signals such as RAS, Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, VEGF, or Akt.

Tumor initiation
Tumor initiation is defined as "a process in which normal cells are changed so that they are able to form tumors". It is the first phase in tumor development. Mutagens, substances that cause cancer can be tumor initiators.
SNKM
SNKM (an abbreviation for Saturday Night Killing Machine and Sonic Nocturnal Kinetic Movement) was a duo of Pakistani musicians Adil Omar and Talal Qureshi, with both artists sharing production, songwriting and vocal duties.

SNKM launched in 2015 as Saturday Night Killing Machine and made their official US debut at SXSW the same year. In 2016, they joined the lineup for Diplo's Mad Decent Block Party. SNKM has also shared stages with artists such as Major Lazer, Skrillex, Elliphant, Rae Sremmurd, Kesha, Marshmello, Valentino Khan, Big Freedia and many others.

Adil Omar
Adil Omar (born 17 May 1991) is a Pakistani rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer and filmmaker from Islamabad. In addition to being a solo artist, he is also involved in songwriting and production for other artists.
Valley Boulevard
Valley Boulevard is a street in Southern California, running east from Los Angeles to Pomona, where it becomes Holt Avenue, and a continuation from Fontana to Colton. It generally parallels Interstate 10 (I-10) and State Route 60 (CA 60), and is the original alignment of U.S. Route 60 (US 60). The present north end of I-710 is at Valley Boulevard in Los Angeles, just west of Alhambra.

Interstate 10 in California
Interstate 10 (I-10) is a transcontinental Interstate Highway in the United States, stretching from Santa Monica, California, to Jacksonville, Florida. The segment of I-10 in California, also known as the Pearl Harbor Memorial Highway, runs east from Santa Monica through Los Angeles, San Bernardino, and Palm Springs before crossing into the state of Arizona. In the Greater Los Angeles area, it is known as the Santa Monica and San Bernardino freeways, linked by a short concurrency on I-5 (Golden State Freeway) at the East Los Angeles Interchange. I-10 also has parts designated as the Rosa Parks and Sonny Bono Memorial freeways. Some parts were also formerly designated as the Christopher Columbus Transcontinental Highway. However, the California State Legislature removed this designation following the passage of a bill on August 31, 2022. I-10 is also known colloquially as "the 10" to Southern California residents (See also California English § Freeways).
Memphis Central Station
Memphis Central Station, referred to as Grand Central Station prior to 1944, is a passenger terminal in Memphis, Tennessee. Located along Main Street and G.E. Patterson Boulevard in Downtown Memphis, it currently a service stop for Amtrak's City of New Orleans route, arriving in late evening northbound and in the morning southbound. It is also served by the MATA Trolley system. The building was opened in 1914, and is located within the city's South Main Arts District. It is also a contributing property to the  South Main Street Historic District of the National Register of Historic Places, as are the National Civil Rights Museum and other historic properties within the district boundaries.

MATA Trolley
The MATA Trolley is a heritage streetcar system operating in Memphis, Tennessee. The first line opened in 1993 and consisted of three lines by 2004. These lines are the Main Street Line, the Riverfront Loop, and the Madison Avenue Line. The system is operated by Memphis Area Transit Authority. Service on the last two lines was suspended in June 2014, following fires on two cars and remains indefinitely suspended as of May 2024. The Main Street Line was reopened in 2018, but all service was suspended again in August 2024 after the Tennessee Department of Transportation began investigating braking issues with the trolley cars. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 233,400.

The last line of Memphis’ original streetcar network closed on June 15, 1947.

In the 2011–12 fiscal year, 1.34 million trips were made on the system, a 23.1% year-on-year growth –  the highest of any light rail system in the contiguous United States.
AMS Neve
AMS Neve Ltd is a privately owned audio engineering company who specialise in digital and analogue music consoles, outboard equipment and post production consoles. AMS Neve was the result of the amalgamation in 1992 of AMS (Advanced Music Systems) with Neve Electronics.

Neve Electronics
Neve Electronics (/ˈniːv/ NEEV) was a manufacturer of music recording and broadcast mixing consoles and hardware. It was founded in 1961 by Rupert Neve, the man credited with creating the modern mixing console.
RD-801
The RD801 (Ukrainian: РД801) is a Ukrainian liquid propellant rocket engine burning LOX and Kerosene (RG-1) in a staged combustion cycle. It has a single combustion chamber that provides thrust vector control by gimbaling of the nozzle in two axis by +/- 6°. It is being designed in Ukraine by Yuzhnoye Design Bureau for the prospective first stage propulsion of the Mayak rocket family.

The RD801 as well as the RD-810 are being designed based on the work of the RD-8 vernier and the maintenance and improvement of the RD-120 engines. The RD801 can be used stand alone on a Mayak or in a cluster.

RD-120
The RD-120 (Russian: Ракетный Двигатель-120, romanized: Raketnyy Dvigatel-120, lit. 'Rocket Engine 120', GRAU index: 11D123) is a liquid upper stage rocket engine burning RG-1 (refined kerosene) and LOX in an oxidizer rich staged combustion cycle with an O/F ratio of 2.6. It is used in the second stage of the Zenit family of launch vehicles. It has a single, fixed combustion chamber and thus on the Zenit it is paired with the RD-8 vernier engine. The engine was developed from 1976 to 1985 by NPO Energomash with V.P. Radovsky leading the development. It is manufactured by, among others, Yuzhmash in Ukraine.

It should not be confused with the RD-0120, which is a discontinued LOX/hydrogen rocket engine that was used in the Soviet Energia launch system.
WTLC-FM
WTLC-FM (106.7 MHz) is an urban adult contemporary radio station licensed to Greenwood, Indiana, serving the Indianapolis metropolitan area. Alongside sister stations WTLC, WHHH, WFNI, WIBC, WLHK, WYXB, and TV station WDNI-CD, WTLC-FM is owned and operated by Radio One.  All four stations and TV outlet share studios on Meridian Street in downtown Indianapolis and its transmitter tower is on the city's south side.

It is home to the Rickey Smiley Morning Show.

WTLC-FM is licensed to broadcast in the HD Radio format, but is not currently broadcasting in HD.

WYXB
WYXB (105.7 FM), branded as "B105.7", is a commercial radio station licensed to Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, serving the Indianapolis metropolitan area. Owned by Urban One, it features an adult contemporary format as "B105.7". The studios are on Monument Circle in downtown Indianapolis.

The transmitter is on Burk Road near South Post Road on the eastside of Indianapolis.
Peening
In metallurgy, peening is the process of working a metal's surface to improve its material properties, usually by mechanical means, such as hammer blows, by blasting with shot (shot peening), focusing light (laser peening), or in recent years, with water column impacts (water jet peening) and cavitation jets (cavitation peening). With the notable exception of laser peening, peening is normally a cold work process tending to expand the surface of the cold metal, thus inducing compressive stresses or relieving tensile stresses already present. It can also encourage strain hardening of the surface metal.

Laser peening
Laser peening (LP), or laser shock peening (LSP), is a surface engineering process used to impart beneficial residual stresses in materials. The deep, high-magnitude compressive residual stresses induced by laser peening increase the resistance of materials to surface-related failures, such as fatigue, fretting fatigue, and stress corrosion cracking. Laser shock peening can also be used to strengthen thin sections, harden surfaces, shape or straighten parts (known as laser peen forming), break up hard materials, compact powdered metals and for other applications where high-pressure, short duration shock waves offer desirable processing results.
Shamkir reservoir
The Shamkir reservoir (Azerbaijani: Şəmkir su anbarı) is a large reservoir built on the Kura River in the Shamkir Rayon of northwestern Azerbaijan. It is the
second-largest reservoir in the Caucasus after the Mingachevir reservoir, also in northwestern Azerbaijan.

Shamkir District
40°49′57″N 46°1′35″E﻿ / ﻿40.83250°N 46.02639°E﻿ / 40.83250; 46.02639

Shamkir District (Azerbaijani: Şəmkir rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the north-west of the country and belongs to the Gazakh-Tovuz Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Gadabay, Tovuz, Samukh, Goygol, and Dashkasan. Its capital and largest city is Shamkir. As of 2020, the district had a population of 219,500.
École nationale supérieure d'ingénieurs de Poitiers
ENSI Poitiers (École Nationale Supérieure d’Ingénieurs de Poitiers), also known as ENSIP, is an engineering grande école in Poitiers, France. Established in 1984, it is affiliated with the University of Poitiers and focuses on training engineers in environmental protection. It offers diplomas in energy and environment (EE) and in water and civil engineering (GEGC).

University of Poitiers
The University of Poitiers (UP; French: Université de Poitiers, pronounced [ynivɛʁsite də pwatje]) is a public university located in Poitiers, France. It is a member of the Coimbra Group. It is multidisciplinary and contributes to making Poitiers the city with the highest student/inhabitant ratio in France by welcoming nearly 28,000 students in 2017.

The University of Poitiers represents a global operating budget of around 150 million euros per year, one-third of which is for operating and investment costs and two-thirds for personnel costs. As of July 2015 it is a member of the regional university association
Leonardo da Vinci consolidated University.
Bob Ryan
Robert P. Ryan (born February 21, 1946) is an American sportswriter, formerly with The Boston Globe, and author. He has been described as "the quintessential American sportswriter" and a basketball guru, and is well known for his coverage of the sport including his famous stories covering the Boston Celtics in the 1970s. After graduating from Boston College, Ryan started as a sports intern for the Globe on the same day as Peter Gammons, and later worked with other notable Globe sportswriters Will McDonough and Leigh Montville. In early 2012, Ryan announced his retirement from sports writing after 44 years, effective at the conclusion of the 2012 Summer Olympics. His final column in the Globe was published August 12, 2012.

Peter Gammons
Peter Gammons (born April 9, 1945) is an American sportswriter and television journalist. He is the recipient of the J. G. Taylor Spink Award for outstanding baseball writing, given by the Baseball Writers' Association of America.
SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.617
Lineage B.1.617 is a lineage of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. It first came to international attention in late March 2021 after the newly established INSACOG performed genome sequencing on positive samples throughout various Indian states. Analysis of samples from Maharashtra had revealed that compared to December 2020, there was an increase in the fraction of samples with the E484Q and L452R mutations. Lineage B.1.617 later came to be dubbed a double mutant by news media.

Lineage B.1.617 has three sublineages according to the PANGO nomenclature:

B.1.617.1 (Kappa variant), first detected in India in December 2020

B.1.617.2 (Delta variant), first detected in India in late 2020

B.1.617.3, first observed in January 2021

Variants of SARS-CoV-2
Variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are viruses that, while similar to the original, have genetic changes that are of enough significance to lead virologists to label them separately. SARS-CoV-2 is the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some have been stated to be of particular importance, due to their potential for increased transmissibility, increased virulence, or reduced effectiveness of vaccines against them. These variants contribute to the continued circulation of SARS-CoV-2.

As of 25 June 2025, the variants of interest as specified by the World Health Organization are JN.1, and the variants under monitoring are KP.3, KP.3.1.1, JN.1.18, LP.8.1, NB.1.8.1, XEC and XFG.
Government of Montenegro
The government of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Vlada Crne Gore, Влада Црне Горе) is the executive branch of state authority in Montenegro. It is headed by the prime minister. It consists of the prime minister, the deputy prime ministers, and the ministers.

Milojko Spajić has served as Prime Minister of Montenegro since 31 October 2023, with the members of his cabinet being elected by Parliament of Montenegro.

Prime Minister of Montenegro
The prime minister of Montenegro, officially the president of the Government of Montenegro, is the head of the government of Montenegro. The role of the prime minister is to direct the work of the government, and to submit to the Parliament the government's program, which includes a list of proposed ministers. The resignation of the prime minister would cause the dissolution of his government.

The current prime minister, Milojko Spajić, leader of the political party Europe Now!, was approved by the Parliament of Montenegro on 31 October 2023, after the formation of the 44th government of Montenegro.
Ingush language
Ingush (/ˈɪŋɡʊʃ/; гӏалгӏай мотт, ġalġay mott, IPA: [ˈɣəɫɣəɪ mʷɔtː]) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by about 350,000 people, known as the Ingush, across a region covering the Russian republics of Ingushetia, Chechnya, North Ossetia, as well as the countries of Turkey, Kazakhstan, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and others.

Northeast Caucasian languages
The Northeast Caucasian languages, also called East Caucasian, Nakh-Daghestani or Vainakh-Daghestani, or sometimes Caspian languages (from the Caspian Sea, in contrast to Pontic languages for the Northwest Caucasian languages), is a family of languages spoken in the Russian republics of Dagestan, Chechnya and Ingushetia and in Northern Azerbaijan as well as in Georgia and diaspora populations in Western Europe and the Middle East. According to Glottolog, there are currently 36 Nakh-Dagestanian languages.
Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology
The Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology  (also called DG CONNECT) is a Directorate-General of the European Commission and is responsible for European Union investment in research, innovation and development of popularized digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, and 5G.

Since 2015, the Director-General is Roberto Viola, under the responsibility of the European Commissioner for Digital and Frontier Technologies, held by Henna Virkkunen since December 2024. In 2025, it had 852 employees.

European Commissioner for Digital and Frontier Technologies
The European Commissioner for Digital and Frontier Technologies is a member of the European Commission responsible for media and information issues such as telecoms and IT. The current officeholder is Henna Virkkunen since December 2024.

The portfolio was previously Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society (previously for Digital Agenda). Mariya Gabriel served as Digital Economy and Society Commissioner from 2017 to 2019.
Nokia railway station
The Nokia railway station is located in the town of Nokia, Finland, on the Tampere–Pori railway. Trains between Tampere and Pori stop there twelve times a day, half of which in each direction. A train trip between Tampere and Nokia takes 14 minutes, according to the VR Group. There is a bus station in connection with the railway station, including a Matkahuolto cargo terminal, a taxi station, a café-kiosk and a business complex, containing a police station and a waffle café.

Nokia, Finland
Nokia (named after the phone company with the same name) (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈnokiɑ]) is a town in the Pirkanmaa region of Finland. It lies on the banks of the Nokianvirta, a river of the Kokemäki River watershed, and is situated in the Tampere metropolitan area, about 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Tampere proper. The population of Nokia is approximately 36,000, while the Tampere metropolitan area has a population of approximately 425,000. It is the 33rd most populous municipality in Finland, and the second largest in the Pirkanmaa region after Tampere.

Nokia's neighbouring municipalities are Hämeenkyrö, Pirkkala, Sastamala, Tampere, Vesilahti and Ylöjärvi. The distance to Tampere Airport from Nokia is 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) by road around Lake Pyhäjärvi.
Karl Schuke
Karl Ludwig Alexander Schuke (6 November 1906 – 7 May 1987) was a German organ builder. The son of the organ builder Alexander Schuke, he continued, together with his brother Hans-Joachim Schuke, to run their father's company in Potsdam until 1953, when he founded another organ building company, the Karl Schuke Berliner Orgelbauwerkstatt in West Berlin. They have built organs internationally in Korea, Australia and the U.S.

Alexander Schuke
Carl Alexander Schuke (14 August 1870 – 16 November 1933) was a German organ builder and from 1894 to 1933 owner and manager of the a company which was named after him Alexander Schuke Potsdam Orgelbau in 1990.
Kanifing
Kanifing is a municipality, local government area and district in the Gambia. It is part of the Greater Banjul Area, to the west of Banjul, and is governed by Kanifing Municipal Council (KMC).

The population of Kanifing expanded in the post-colonial era, and it is now one of the country's most-densely populated places and its second most-populated district. It received many migrants from the rest of the Gambia and abroad.

Kanifing is the economic centre of the Gambia, and Serekunda is its largest population center. Tourism is a major industry, and here are several higher education institutes, including the University of the Gambia.

Banjul
Banjul (UK: /bænˈdʒuːl/, US: /ˈbɑːndʒuːl/), officially the City of Banjul, is the capital city of The Gambia. The city of Banjul is located on St Mary's Island (Banjul Island), which is in the Gambia River where it enters the Atlantic Ocean.

The population of the city proper is 26,461, with the Greater Banjul Area, which includes the City of Banjul and the Kanifing municipality, at a population of 405,809 (2024 census). The island is connected to the mainland to the west and the rest of Greater Banjul Area via bridges. There are also ferries linking Banjul to the mainland at the other side of the river.

From the 19th century until 24 April 1973, the city was known as Bathurst.
Wilbur Elementary School
Wilbur Elementary School is a former elementary school located in Somerset, Massachusetts, United States.  The school included kindergarten through fifth grade. It was involved with a state test scam which resulted in the invalidation of 74 test scores. In June 2014, the school closed permanently.

Somerset, Massachusetts
Somerset is a town in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 18,303 at the 2020 census. It is the birthplace and hometown of Clifford Milburn Holland (1883–1924), the chief engineer and namesake of the Holland Tunnel in New York City.

Somerset is a part of the South Coast region of Massachusetts which encompasses the communities that surround Buzzards Bay (excluding the Elizabeth Islands, Bourne and Falmouth), Mount Hope Bay and the Sakonnet River.
Betty Bone Schiess
Betty Bone Schiess (April 2, 1923 – October 20, 2017) was an American Episcopal priest. She was one of the first female Episcopal priests in the United States, and a member of the Philadelphia Eleven: leaders of the movement to allow the ordination of women in the American Episcopal Church.

Philadelphia Eleven
The Philadelphia Eleven are the eleven women who were the first women ordained priests in the Episcopal Church on July 29, 1974, two years before General Convention affirmed and explicitly authorized the ordination of women to the priesthood.
SS Southern Cross (1886)
SS Southern Cross was a steam-powered sealing vessel that operated primarily in Norway and Newfoundland.

She was lost at sea returning from the seal hunt on March 31, 1914, killing all 174 men aboard in the same storm that killed 78 crewmen from the SS Newfoundland, a collective tragedy that became known as the "1914 Newfoundland Sealing Disaster".

SS Newfoundland
SS Newfoundland was a wooden-hulled brigantine and steamship that was built in 1872 and wrecked in 1916. She was a cargo ship, and for part of her career she was a sealing ship. In 1916 she was renamed Samuel Blandford.

Newfoundland was involved in two disasters. The first was the 1914 Newfoundland Sealing Disaster, when 132 sealers were stranded on an ice floe, resulting in 78 deaths. The second was in 1916, shortly after she had been renamed, when she struck rocks and was wrecked.
Kisstory
Kisstory is a British digital radio station owned and operated by Bauer Media Audio UK as part of the Kiss Network. Playing "old skool and anthems", it is a sister station to Kiss.

As of March 2025, the station has a weekly audience of 2 million listeners, according to RAJAR.

Kiss (UK radio station)
Kiss is a British digital radio station owned and operated by Bauer Media Audio UK as part of the Kiss Network. Kiss broadcasts nationally to the UK via DAB digital radio, as well as on Bauer's Rayo platform.

The station started in 1985 as a pirate radio station, Kiss FM, before becoming the UK's first legal black and dance music specialist radio station in 1990 as Kiss 100, broadcasting in London on 100.0 FM. Kiss became a digital-only station in 2024 when its FM frequencies in London, Norfolk and the west of England were taken over by Hits Radio.

According to RAJAR, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 1.283 million as of October 2025.