hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abdulkadir Ubeydullah
Abdulkadir Ubeydullah (1851 - 27 May 1925) was a President of the Kurdish Society for Cooperation and Progress (KTTC) and later the Society for the Rise of Kurdistan. He was a leading Kurdish intellectual and a once also a member of the Senate of the Ottoman Empire. He also took part in the uprising of Sheikh Ubeydullah led by his father and was accused of having taken part in the Sheikh Said rebellion.

Uprising of Sheikh Ubeydullah
The Uprising of Sheikh Ubeydullah was a Kurdish uprising against the Ottoman Empire in 1879 and Qajar Iran between 1880 and 1881. Both uprisings were led by Sheikh Ubeydullah, the leader of the Shamdinan Naqshbandi family who claimed descendance from the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatima. Thus the family had a considerable influence, disposed over large amounts of donations, owned several villages in the region and many Kurdish tribal leaders were devout followers of him. The initial cause for the uprisings were the outcome of the Russo-Turkish war in 1877–1878 and the Treaty of Berlin which provided the Christian Armenians and the Nestorian Assyrians with considerable rights and autonomy, to which he did not agree to.
Electronic filter
Electronic filters are a type of signal processing filter in the form of electrical circuits.  This article covers those filters consisting of lumped electronic components, as opposed to distributed-element filters.  That is, using components and interconnections that, in analysis, can be considered to exist at a single point.  These components can be in discrete packages or part of an integrated circuit.

Electronic filters remove unwanted frequency components from the applied signal, enhance wanted ones, or both. They can be:

passive or active

analog or digital

high-pass, low-pass, band-pass, band-stop (band-rejection; notch), or all-pass.

discrete-time (sampled) or continuous-time

linear or non-linear

infinite impulse response (IIR type) or finite impulse response (FIR type)

The most common types of electronic filters are linear filters, regardless of other aspects of their design. See the article on linear filters for details on their design and analysis.

Active filter
An active filter is a type of analog circuit implementing an electronic filter using active components, typically an amplifier. Amplifiers included in a filter design can be used to improve the cost, performance and predictability of a filter.

An amplifier prevents the load impedance of the following stage from affecting the characteristics of the filter. An active filter can have complex poles and zeros without using a bulky or expensive inductor.  The shape of the response, the Q (quality factor), and the tuned frequency can often be set with inexpensive variable resistors. In some active filter circuits, one parameter can be adjusted without affecting the others.
Weinbrenner Shoe Company
Weinbrenner Shoe Company is an American manufacturer of safety, military, work and uniform footwear.  It was established in 1892 and the headquarters are located in Merrill, Wisconsin.

This manufacturer is best known for the Thorogood brand of work boots.

Merrill, Wisconsin
Merrill is a city in and the county seat of Lincoln County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located to the south of and adjacent to the Town of Merrill. The population was 9,347, according to the 2020 census. Merrill is part of the United States Census Bureau's Merrill MSA, which includes all of Lincoln County. Together with the Wausau MSA, which includes all of Marathon County, it forms the Wausau-Merrill CSA.
President of Ethiopia
The president of Ethiopia is the head of state of Ethiopia. The position is largely ceremonial with executive power vested in the Council of Ministers chaired by the prime minister. The current president is Taye Atske Selassie, who took office on 7 October 2024. Presidents are elected by the Federal Parliamentary Assembly for six years.

Taye Atske Selassie
Taye Atske Selassie Amde (Amharic: ታዬ አጽቀሥላሴ, born 13 January 1956) is an Ethiopian diplomat and politician who is the President of Ethiopia since 2024. Prior to his presidency, he served in multiple diplomatic roles, including ambassador to Egypt and Permanent representative to the United Nations, and as Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Hochelaga (village)
Hochelaga (French pronunciation: [ɔʃlaɡa]) was a St. Lawrence Iroquois 16th century fortified village on or near Mount Royal in present-day Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Jacques Cartier arrived by boat on October 2, 1535; he visited the village on the following day. He was greeted well by the Iroquois, and named the mountain he saw nearby Mount Royal. Several names in and around Montreal and the Hochelaga Archipelago can be traced back to him.

A stone marker commemorating the former village was placed in 1925 on land adjacent to McGill University. It is believed to be in the vicinity of the village visited by Cartier in 1535. The site of the marker is designated a National Historic Site of Canada.

The name of the village survives in Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, the name of a neighbourhood of Montreal; a variant spelling survives in Montreal's contemporary Osheaga Festival.

Mount Royal
Mount Royal (French: Mont Royal, IPA: [mɔ̃ ʁwajal]) is a mountain in the city of Montreal, immediately west of Downtown Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The city's name is derived from its name.

The mountain is part of the Monteregian Hills situated between the Laurentians and the Appalachian Mountains. It gave its Latin name, Mons Regius, to the Monteregian chain. The mountain consists of three peaks: Colline de la Croix (or Mont Royal proper) at 233 m (764 ft), Colline d'Outremont (or Mount Murray, in the borough of Outremont) at 211 m (692 ft), and Westmount Summit at 201 m (659 ft) elevation above mean sea level.
Hendrick Joseph Cornelius Maria de Cocq
Hendrick Joseph Cornelius Maria de Cocq, SS.CC. (6 May 1906 – 22 January 1998) was a Dutch prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of the Diocese of Rarotonga from 1966 until his resignation in 1971.

Diocese of Rarotonga
The Diocese of Rarotonga (Latin: Dioecesis Rarotongana) in the Cook Islands is a Latin Catholic suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Suva in neighbouring Fiji. It was erected as the Prefecture Apostolic of Cook and Manihiki in 1922, elevated to the Vicariate Apostolic of Cook Islands in 1948 and elevated as the Diocese of Rarotonga in 1966. Niue is also part of the diocese, having been transferred from the Diocese of Tonga in 1972.
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU or HKPU) is a public university in Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The university is one of the eight government-funded degree-granting tertiary institutions in Hong Kong. Founded in 1937 as the first Government Trade School, it is the first institution to provide technical education in Hong Kong. In 1994, the Legislative Council of Hong Kong passed a bill which granted the former Hong Kong Polytechnic official university status.

PolyU consists of 7 Faculties, 4 Schools and 1 College, offering programmes covering business, computer and mathematical sciences, construction & environment, engineering, health & social science, humanities, design, fashion & textiles, hotel and tourism management.

University Grants Committee (Hong Kong)
The University Grants Committee of Hong Kong is a non-statutory advisory committee responsible for counselling the Government of Hong Kong on the financing and expansion needs of its subsidised higher education institutions. Appointed by the Chief Executive of Hong Kong, its members consist of local and overseas academics, university administrators, and community leaders.
Mark Penn
Mark J. Penn (born January 15, 1954) is an American businessman, pollster, political strategist, and author.

Penn is chairman and chief executive officer of Stagwell, a marketing group. He was formerly chief strategy officer of Microsoft Corporation and chief executive officer of Burson-Marsteller. Penn is the author of the books Microtrends (2007) and Microtrends Squared (2018).

Together with Douglas Schoen, he was co-founder of the polling firm PSB Research, whose clients included President Bill Clinton, British prime minister Tony Blair, and Bill Gates. Penn was a chief strategist and pollster in the Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential campaign. Penn later became a defender of Donald Trump, opposing his impeachment, reportedly consulting on his 2020 presidential campaign (which Penn denies), and alleging a "deep state" conspiracy against him.

Burson (company)
Burson (formerly Burson Cohn & Wolfe (BCW)) is a global public relations and communications firm, headquartered in New York City, focused on building reputation for clients.

In February 2018, parent WPP Group PLC announced that it had merged its subsidiaries Cohn & Wolfe with Burson-Marsteller into Burson Cohn & Wolfe (BCW). In January 2024, WPP announced plans to merge BCW with Hill & Knowlton, forming the new agency, Burson. The merger was finalized in July 2024.

Donna Imperato served as global chief executive officer (CEO) from 2018 to 2023. She was previously CEO at Cohn & Wolfe. She announced her retirement in January 2023 and was replaced in August 2023 by Corey duBrowa, who previously served as head of communications and public affairs at Alphabet and is now Global CEO of Burson.
Spruce carpet
The spruce carpet (Thera britannica) is a moth in the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1925. It is a double-brooded species, meaning it has two broods in one year. Its wings are coloured with different shades of grey, but the spring brood tends to have more brown colours.

Thera obeliscata
Thera obeliscata, the grey pine carpet, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found throughout north and central Europe and east across the Palearctic to Siberia, and south to the Caucasus and Transcaucasia. In the Alps it can be found at an altitude of over 1500 metres.
Procedural programming
Procedural programming is a programming paradigm, classified as imperative programming, that involves implementing the behavior of a computer program as procedures (a.k.a. functions, subroutines) that call each other. The resulting program is a series of steps that forms a hierarchy of calls to its constituent procedures.

The first major procedural programming languages appeared c. 1957–1964, including Fortran, ALGOL, COBOL, PL/I and BASIC. Pascal and C were published c. 1970–1972.

Computer processors provide hardware support for procedural programming through a stack register and instructions for calling procedures and returning from them. Hardware support for other types of programming is possible, like Lisp machines or Java processors, but no attempt was commercially successful.

Imperative programming
In computer science, imperative programming is a programming paradigm of software that uses statements that change a process' state. In much the same way that the imperative mood in natural languages expresses commands, an imperative program consists of commands for the computer to perform. Imperative programming focuses on describing how a program operates step by step (with general order of the steps being determined in source code by the placement of statements one below the other), rather than on high-level descriptions of its expected results.

The term is often used in contrast to declarative programming, which focuses on what the program should accomplish without specifying all the details of how the program should achieve the result.
Lê Khắc Xương
Lê Khắc Xương (黎克昌, 1440 – 1476) was a prince of the Lê dynasty in Vietnam. He was the second prince of Emperor Lê Thái Tông, also elder brother of Emperor Lê Nhân Tông, and Emperor Lê Thánh Tông. He was given the title Cung vương (恭王, "Reverent Prince").

Lê Thánh Tông
Lê Thánh Tông (黎聖宗; 25 August 1442 – 3 March 1497), personal name Lê Hạo, temple name Thánh Tông, courtesy name Tư Thành, was the emperor of Đại Việt from 1460 to 1497.  The fifth and the longest-reigning emperor of the Lê dynasty, he is considered one of the greatest monarchs in Vietnamese history. He came to power through a coup d'état against his elder brother Lê Nghi Dân in 1460.

His reign is recognized for its extensive administrative, military, education, and fiscal reforms, the conquests of Cham states and expansion of Đại Việt territory in the south, and the replacement of the old aristocracy with a class of literati scholars. His reign was later praised as the Prospered reign of Hồng Đức (Hồng Đức Thịnh trị; 洪德盛治).
Crockett, California
Crockett (formerly Crockettville) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Contra Costa County, in the East Bay sub-region of the San Francisco Bay Area, California. The population was 3,242 at the 2020 census. It is located 28 miles (45 km) northeast of San Francisco. Other nearby communities include Port Costa, Martinez, Vallejo, Benicia, Rodeo, Hercules, Pinole and Richmond.

Martinez, California
Martinez (Spanish: Martínez) is a city in and the county seat of Contra Costa County, California, United States, in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. Located on the southern shore of the Carquinez Strait, the city's population was 37,287 at the 2020 census. The city is named after Californio ranchero Ygnacio Martínez, having been founded on his Rancho El Pinole. Martinez is known for its historic center and its waterfront.
Czech Republic men's national floorball team
The Czech men's national floorball team, presented as Czechia, is the national floorball team of the Czech Republic, and a member of the International Floorball Federation (IFF).

The team has participated in all World and European Championships as well as floorball tournaments at the World Games. Its biggest successes are silver medals from the 5th World Championships in 2004 and 14th World Championships in 2022, which both took place in Switzerland. The team also won four bronze medals in 2010, 2014, 2021 and 2024. That makes Czech team the third most successful team after Sweden and Finland and before fourth Switzerland.

At the last two World Games in 2022 and 2025, they won bronze medals. In the IFF ranking, the team is third (behind Sweden and Finland and ahead of Latvia), following their mentioned third and second-place finishes at the World Championships in 2024 and 2022.

2022 Men's World Floorball Championships
The 2022 Men's World Floorball Championships was the 14th World Championships in men's floorball. The tournament was played in Zürich and Winterthur, Switzerland, and took place during 5–13 November 2022.

Sweden defended their title against Czechia, which took their first silver medal since WFC 2004. Finland earned the bronze after defeating Switzerland.
Avon, New York
Avon (/ˈævɑːn/ AV-ahn) is a town in Livingston County, New York, United States. It is south of Rochester. The town population was 6,939 at the 2020 census. 
The town was named after Avon, Connecticut, a town in Hartford County.
The village of Avon is in the northwest part of the town.

Livingston County, New York
Livingston County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 61,834. Its county seat is Geneseo. The county is named after Robert R. Livingston, who helped draft the Declaration of Independence and negotiated the Louisiana Purchase. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Livingston County is part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.
Abarth
Abarth & C. S.p.A. (Italian: [ˈaːbart]) is an Italian racing- and road-car maker and performance division founded by Italo-Austrian Carlo Abarth in 1949. Abarth & C. S.p.A. is owned by Stellantis through its Italian subsidiary. Abarth's logo is a shield with a stylized scorpion on a yellow and red background, a short, wide Italian flag in the middle, and "Abarth" text on a black background.

Carlo Abarth
Carlo Abarth (15 November 1908 – 24 October 1979), born Karl Albert Abarth, was an Italian automobile designer.

Abarth was born in Austria but later was naturalized as an Italian citizen. At this time, his first name Karl Albert was changed to its Italian equivalent of Carlo Alberto.
Brock Gutierrez
James Brock Gutierrez (born September 25, 1973) is an American former professional football center who played for nine seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Central Michigan Chippewas and was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as an undrafted free agent.

Central Michigan Chippewas football
The Central Michigan Chippewas are a college football program in Division I FBS, representing Central Michigan University (CMU). CMU has the 24th highest overall winning percentage of programs playing in NCAA Division I.

The Chippewas have played in six bowl games in the last nine years, most recently defeating Washington State in the 2021 Sun Bowl. CMU drew 60,624 fans in the 2007 Motor City Bowl. CMU has played a total of eighteen post-season games (conference championships and bowl games), winning seven.
James Lees Laidlaw
James Lees Laidlaw (December 19, 1868 – May 9, 1932) was a banker, civic worker, and philanthropist. He supported the League of Nations and women's suffrage movement. He was president of the New York State Men's League for Women's Suffrage, which helped women obtain the right to vote on November 6, 1917, and he was a leader in the national men's organization. His was the only man's name that was placed on memorial tablets in Albany and Washington, D.C. in recognition of individual's efforts during the women's suffrage movement.

Harriet Burton Laidlaw
Harriet Wright Laidlaw (née Burton; December 16, 1873 – January 25, 1949) was an American social reformer and suffragist. She campaigned in support of the Nineteenth Amendment and the United Nations, and was the first female corporate director of Standard & Poor's.
Betty Lane
Betty Lane (September 30, 1907 – 1996) was an American artist.

Lane's first exhibition was at the Phillips Memorial Gallery in 1931. Lane created figure subjects, portraits, and landscapes executed in watercolor and oil. Her work includes nature and street scenes in the Americas and Europe, domestic scenes, and grotesques.

Lane's work is included in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Phillips Collection, the Provincetown Art Association and Museum, and the Cape Cod Museum of Art.

The Phillips Collection
The Phillips Collection is an art museum located in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The museum was founded by art collectors Duncan Phillips and Marjorie Acker Phillips in 1921 as the Phillips Memorial Gallery. Phillips was the grandson of James H. Laughlin, a banker and co-founder of the Jones and Laughlin Steel Company.

Among the artists represented in the collection are Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Gustave Courbet, El Greco, Vincent van Gogh, Henri Matisse, Claude Monet, Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Pierre Bonnard, Paul Klee, Arthur Dove, Winslow Homer, James McNeill Whistler, Jacob Lawrence, Augustus Vincent Tack, Georgia O'Keeffe, Karel Appel, Joan Miró, Mark Rothko and Berenice Abbott.
Ian Frazer
Ian Hector Frazer AC (born 6 January 1953) is a Scottish-born Australian immunologist, the founding CEO and Director of Research of the Translational Research Institute (Australia). Frazer and Jian Zhou developed and patented the basic technology behind the HPV vaccine against cervical cancer at the University of Queensland. Researchers at the National Cancer Institute, Georgetown University, and University of Rochester also contributed to the further development of the cervical cancer vaccine in parallel.

Translational Research Institute (Australia)
The Translational Research Institute (TRI) is Australia's first translational medical research institute dedicated to translating scientific discoveries into applications for medical practice.

Located in Woolloongabba, in inner-city Brisbane, Queensland, TRI is supported by a grant from the Australian Government ($140 million); and funding from the Queensland Government ($107 million); Queensland University of Technology ($25 million); and The University of Queensland ($10 million) to combine clinical and translational research to advance progress from laboratory discovery to application in patient care.
TRI is a Pty Ltd. company with four shareholders: Queensland Health,
the Queensland University of Technology, The University of Queensland and Mater Medical Research.
I Got 5 on It
"I Got 5 on It" is a song by American hip-hop duo Luniz featuring R&B singer Michael Marshall, released on May 23, 1995, Noo Trybe and C-Note Records as the lead single from the duo's debut album, Operation Stackola (1995). It is a drug anthem about the consumption of marijuana. The song reached number two in Germany, number three in the United Kingdom and number eight in the United States. The accompanying music video was directed by Rubin Whitmore II.

Its title and chorus refer to the practice of splitting the cost of a marijuana purchase and claiming five dollars' worth of it. The single was certified Platinum by the RIAA on October 31, 1995, and sold one million copies domestically. In 2022, Pitchfork ranked "I Got 5 on It" one of "The 250 Best Songs of the 1990s".

Luniz
Luniz (pronounced Loonies; formerly Luniz Toons and LuniTunes) is an American hip hop duo from Oakland, California, formed by West Coast rappers Yukmouth and Numskull. They were signed to Noo Trybe Records and C-Note Records, and were the flagship act for the latter.

The group is best known for their track "I Got 5 on It" (1995), an international hit known as a weed-smoking anthem.
ArenaBowl XV
ArenaBowl XV was the 2001 edition of the Arena Football League's championship game, pairing the Grand Rapids Rampage of the Central Division with the Nashville Kats of the Southern Division.  The Grand Rapids offense, led by quarterback Clint Dolezel and MVP Terrill Shaw, was able to outmatch the Nashville defense, and Grand Rapids won the game, 64–42.

Grand Rapids Rampage
The Grand Rapids Rampage was an arena football team based in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The team began play in 1998 in the Arena Football League as an expansion team. They were last coached by Steve Thonn. Their home arena was the Van Andel Arena.
Rockaway Beach Branch
The Rockaway Beach Branch was a rail line owned and operated by the Long Island Rail Road in Queens, New York City, United States. The line left the Main Line at Whitepot Junction in Rego Park  heading south via Ozone Park and across Jamaica Bay to Hammels in the Rockaways, turning west there to a terminal at Rockaway Park. Along the way it connected with the Montauk Branch near Glendale, the Atlantic Branch near Woodhaven, and the Far Rockaway Branch at Hammels.

After a 1950 fire, the Jamaica Bay bridge was closed and the line south of Ozone Park sold to the city, which rehabilitated the portion south of Liberty Avenue and connected it to the New York City Subway system as the IND Rockaway Line. The portion north of the subway connection was closed in 1962, and two proposals exist for the reuse of the line.

Rego Park
Rego Park is a neighborhood in the borough of Queens in New York City. Rego Park is bordered to the north by Elmhurst and Corona, to the east and south by Forest Hills, and to the west by Middle Village. Rego Park's boundaries include Queens Boulevard, the Long Island Expressway, Woodhaven Boulevard, and Yellowstone Boulevard. There is a large Jewish population in the neighborhood, which features high-rise apartment buildings and detached houses, as well as a large commercial zone.

Rego Park is located in Queens Community District 6 and its ZIP Code is 11374. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 112th Precinct. Politically, Rego Park is represented by the New York City Council's 29th District and a small part of the 24th and 25th Districts.