hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beutelwurst
A Beutelwurst (lit. 'bag sausage') is a German blood sausage, which contains more pieces of fat and flour than a normal Thüringer rotwurst.

The name Beutelwurst comes from the fact that this does not come in a casing of intestine or a can, but in a linen or paper bag ("bag" = Beutel).
This bag is pressed for several weeks which gives the Beutelwurst a firm, light, dry consistency.

Blood sausage
A blood sausage is a sausage filled with blood that is cooked or dried and mixed with a filler until it is thick enough to solidify when cooled. Most commonly, the blood of pigs, sheep, lamb, cow, chicken, or goose is used.

In Europe and the Americas, typical fillers include meat, fat, suet, bread, cornmeal, onion, chestnuts, barley, oatmeal, and buckwheat. On the Iberian Peninsula and in Latin America and Asia, fillers are often made with rice. Sweet variants with sugar, honey, orange peel, and spices are also regional specialties.

In many languages, a general term such as blood sausage (American English) is used for all sausages that are made from blood, whether or not they include non-animal material such as bread, cereal, and nuts. Sausages that include such material are often referred to with more specific terms, such as black pudding in English. Other varieties of blood sausage include boudin rouge (Creole and Cajun), rellena or moronga (Mexico), and sanganel (Friuli).
Beverly Crusher
Dr. Beverly Crusher is a fictional character in the Star Trek franchise, played by Gates McFadden. Debuting in the television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, McFadden appeared in every season, except for the second, as well as its spin-off feature films: Star Trek Generations, Star Trek: First Contact, Star Trek: Insurrection, and Star Trek: Nemesis.  McFadden returned to the role in the third season of Star Trek: Picard. She also had cameo appearances in Star Trek: Prodigy, both as a holographic recreation and the real Crusher.

Crusher was the chief medical officer of the Enterprise-D and Enterprise-E, two starships in the Star Trek universe.

Wesley Crusher
Wesley Crusher is a fictional character in the Star Trek franchise. He appears regularly in the first four seasons of the television series Star Trek: The Next Generation (TNG), and sporadically in its next three seasons. He also appeared in the feature film Star Trek: Nemesis (2002), in one episode apiece of the television series Star Trek: Picard (2022) and Star Trek: Lower Decks (2023), and as a main cast member in season 2 of Star Trek: Prodigy (2024). He is the son of Beverly Crusher and Jack Crusher and is portrayed by actor Wil Wheaton.
The Puritan
The Puritan, or the Widow of Watling Street, also known as The Puritan Widow, is an anonymous Jacobean stage comedy, first published in 1607. It is often attributed to Thomas Middleton, but also belongs to the Shakespeare Apocrypha due to its title page attribution to "W.S.".

Shakespeare apocrypha
The Shakespeare apocrypha is a group of plays and poems that have sometimes been attributed to William Shakespeare, but whose attribution is questionable for various reasons. The issue is not to be confused with the debate on Shakespearean authorship, which questions the authorship of the works traditionally attributed to Shakespeare.
Maurício Rua
Maurício Milani Rua (Portuguese pronunciation: [mawˈɾisiu ˈʁuɐ]; born 25 November 1981), also known as Shogun, is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist. He competed in the Light Heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), where he is a former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion. A professional competitor since 2002, Rua is also the 2005 PRIDE Middleweight Grand Prix Champion.

Murilo Rua
Murilo Milani Rua (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʁuɐ]; born May 22, 1980), also known as Ninja, is a Brazilian retired mixed martial artist. He is the older brother of former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion Mauricio Rua. He was the inaugural EliteXC Middleweight Champion and also competed in Pride Fighting Championships.
Texqa'kallt
The Texqa'kallt or Xexka'llt (Shuswap: [tɛxqaʔkaɬt] "people of the upper reaches") are a division of the Shuswap people of British Columbia that are historically cited as living in and around the North Thompson, through to the Robson Valley. Historic accounts record them as being a mixed peoples speaking Cree and Shuswap, and ethnically of Iroquois, Cree and Shuswap origin. They are known for their participation in the Shuswap-Sekani War, a series of scattered skirmishes and conflicts in and around southern-central British Columbia during the 1780s.

Secwépemc
The Secwépemc (/ʃəxhwɛpˈmɪx/ shəkh-whep-MIKH; Secwepemctsín: [ʃəˈxʷɛpməx] or [səˈxʷɛpməx]), also known by the exonym Shuswap (/ˈʃuːʃwɑːp/ SHOOSH-wahp), are a First Nations people residing in the interior of British Columbia in Canada. They speak Secwepemctsín or Shuswap, an Interior Salish language.

Secwepemcúĺecw, the traditional territory or country of the Shuswap people, ranges from the eastern Chilcotin Plateau, bordering Tŝilhqot'in Country, and the Cariboo Plateau southeast through Thompson Country to Kamloops. It spans the Selkirk Mountains and Big Bend of the Columbia River to include the northern part of the Columbia Valley region. Their historical territory covers approximately 145,000 square kilometres. Traditionally, they depended on hunting, trading and fishing to support their communities.
Elias Owen (footballer)
Elias Owen (1863 – 20 September 1888) was a Welsh amateur footballer who made three appearances as a goalkeeper for the Wales national team in 1884. He killed himself while depressed over the outcome of his college final examinations.

William Pierce Owen
William Pierce Owen (20 November 1860 – 13 December 1937) was a Welsh professional footballer who played as a midfielder (winger, sometimes wing half) for Ruthin Town. He made a total of twelve appearances for Wales.
Equality Ride
The Equality Ride is a periodic LGBT rights bus tour made for young adults and sponsored by Soulforce, a national LGBT nonprofit organization. They seek to debate LGBT issues with students at conservative Christian colleges and military academies and secular universities.

Soulforce
Soulforce is a US-based 501(c)(3) nonprofit social justice organization that is working to end the religious and political oppression against LGBTQIA+ people through nonviolent resistance. It is led by Reverend Alba Onofrio.

Soulforce operates transnationally to create cultural shifts that reduce spiritual violence, including religious abuse and spiritual terrorism related to the misuse of religious teachings. It also challenges ideologies associated with white Christian supremacy and advocates reclaiming faith as a positive resource for healing and justice.
Michael Harrington
Edward Michael Harrington Jr. (February 24, 1928 – July 31, 1989) was an American democratic socialist. As a writer, he was best known as the author of The Other America (1962). Harrington was also a political activist, theorist, professor of political science, and radio commentator. In 1982, he was a founding member of the Democratic Socialists of America, and its most influential early leader.

The Other America
The Other America: Poverty in the United States is a 1962 book by socialist writer Michael Harrington on the dire living conditions of the American poor. It was a muckraking-style exposé which spotlighted the entrenched poverty of 40–50 million people in a country that was being touted as "the affluent society".

The Other America became a publishing phenomenon after Dwight Macdonald gave it a laudatory review in The New Yorker in January 1963. His review reportedly prompted President Kennedy to read the book, and then to propose anti-poverty legislation later in 1963. The book was also said to have been a catalyst for the Johnson administration's War on Poverty program.

Harrington would go on to write over a dozen more works such as The Accidental Century (1965), Toward a Democratic Left (1968), and Socialism (1972), but none was as impactful as The Other America, which was listed by TIME magazine as one of the 10 most influential nonfiction books of the 20th century.
Samba Jallow
Samba Jallow is a Gambian politician who has served in the National Assembly representing Niamina Dankunku since 2012. A member of the National Reconciliation Party, Jallow also served as Minority Leader in the National Assembly from 2012 to 2022.

National Reconciliation Party
The National Reconciliation Party is a political party in The Gambia. It was founded in 1996 and is led by its founder Hamat Bah.

Previously an opposition party, it has now been part of a coalition government headed by President Adama Barrow since 2017.
Biodemography and Social Biology
Biodemography and Social Biology is a semiannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering the intersection between biology, demography, and sociology. The journal is devoted to "furthering the discussion, advancement, and dissemination of knowledge about biological and sociocultural forces interacting to affect the structure, health, well-being and behavior of human populations". The journal aims to contribute to the fields of both sociobiology and biodemography. It was established in 1916 and is published by Routledge on behalf of the Society for Biodemography and Social Biology, of which it is the official journal. The editor-in-chief is Hiroaki Matsuura (Shoin University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 0.9.

American Eugenics Society
The American Eugenics Society (AES) was a pro-eugenics organization dedicated to "furthering the discussion, advancement, and dissemination of knowledge about biological and sociocultural forces which affect the structure and composition of human populations".  It endorsed the study and practice of eugenics in the United States. Its original name as the American Eugenics Society lasted from 1922 to 1973, but the group changed their name after open use of the term "eugenics" became disfavored; it was known as the Society for the Study of Social Biology from 1973–2008, and the Society for Biodemography and Social Biology from 2008–2019. The Society was disbanded in 2019.
Neil Fox (broadcaster)
Neil Andrew Howe Fox (born 12 June 1961) is an English radio DJ and television presenter, known for many years as Dr Fox before he became "Foxy" in the 2000s, then simply as Neil Fox, M.D. before reemerging as "Dr Fox" in 2020 to host the UDJ "Heritage Chart" countdown.

He was a judge on Pop Idol between 2001 and 2003 alongside Simon Cowell, Pete Waterman and Nicki Chapman.

Pete Waterman
Peter Alan Waterman OBE DL (born 15 January 1947) is an English record producer, songwriter, and television personality. As a member of the Stock Aitken Waterman production and songwriting team, he co-wrote and co-produced many UK hit singles. An avid railway enthusiast, Waterman is the owner of significant collections of both historic and commercial railway locomotives and rolling stock.
Diocese of Sisak
The Diocese of Sisak (Croatian: Sisačka biskupija; Latin: Dioecesis Sisciensis) is a Latin Church diocese in the Sisak-Moslavina region, Croatia. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Zagreb.

Its cathedral is Katedrala Uzvišenja sv. Križa, dedicated to Exaltation of the Holy Cross, in the episcopal see of Sisak, which also has a minor basilica: Bazilika Sv. Kvirina, dedicated to saint and martyr Quirinus of Sescia, the first bishop of the diocese.

Sisak
Sisak (pronounced [sǐːsak]; also known by other alternative names) is a city in central Croatia, spanning the confluence of the Kupa, Sava and Odra rivers, 57 km (35 mi) southeast of the Croatian capital Zagreb, and is usually considered to be where the Posavina (Sava basin) begins, with an elevation of 99 m. The city's total population in 2021 was 40,185 of which 27,886 live in the urban settlement (naselje).

Sisak is the administrative centre of the Sisak-Moslavina County, Croatia's biggest river port and a centre of river shipping industry (Dunavski Lloyd). It lies on the D36 state road and the Zagreb-Sisak-Novska railway. Sisak is a regional economic, cultural and historical center. The largest oil refinery in Croatia is located in Sisak.
Bran Ferren
Bran Ferren (born January 16, 1953) is an American technologist, artist, architectural designer, vehicle designer, engineer, lighting and sound designer, visual effects artist, scientist, lecturer, photographer, entrepreneur, and inventor. Ferren is the former President of Research and Development of Walt Disney Imagineering as well as founder of Associates & Ferren, a multidisciplinary engineering and design firm acquired in 1993 by Disney. He is Chief Creative Officer of Applied Minds, which he co-founded in 2000 with Danny Hillis. Apple's "pinch-to-zoom" patent, which features prominently in its legal battle with Samsung, was invalidated by the US Patent and Trademark Office in 2013 based on a 2005 patent by Ferren and Hillis for multi-touch gestures.

Danny Hillis
William Daniel Hillis (born September 25, 1956) is an American inventor, entrepreneur, and computer scientist, who pioneered parallel computers and their use in artificial intelligence. He founded Thinking Machines Corporation, a parallel supercomputer manufacturer, and subsequently was Vice President of Research and Disney Fellow at Walt Disney Imagineering.

Hillis was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2001 for advances in parallel computers, parallel software, and parallel storage.

More recently, Hillis co-founded Applied Minds, and Applied Invention, an interdisciplinary group of engineers, scientists, and artists.
Commack School District
Commack Union Free School District is a public school district located in Suffolk County, New York, United States near the North Shore of Long Island. The district straddles the towns of Huntington and Smithtown, with Townline Road as the dividing line. It serves the vast majority of Commack as well as parts of Dix Hills and Hauppauge. It served approximately 6,000 students during the 2018–2019 school year. There are four primary schools (grades K–2), two intermediate schools (grades 3–5), one middle school (grades 6–8) and one high school (grades 9–12).

Smithtown, New York
Smithtown is a town in Suffolk County, New York, on the North Shore of Long Island. It is part of the New York metropolitan area. The population was 116,296 at the 2020 Census.

The census-designated place (CDP) of Smithtown lies within the town's borders.
Witold Lipski
Witold Lipski Jr. (July 13, 1949 – May 30, 1985) was a Polish computer scientist (habilitation in computer science), and an author of the books Combinatorics for Programmers (two editions) and (jointly with Victor W. Marek) Combinatorial analysis.

Lipski and his PhD student Tomasz Imieliński worked on the foundations of the theory of incomplete information in relational databases.

Victor W. Marek
Victor Witold Marek, formerly Wiktor Witold Marek known as Witek Marek (born 22 March 1943) is a Polish mathematician and computer scientist working in the fields of theoretical computer science and mathematical logic.
Continental Can Company
Continental Can Company (CCC) was an American producer of metal containers and packaging company, that was based in Stamford, Connecticut.

The Continental Can Company was founded by Edwin Norton T.G. Cranwell in 1904, three years after the formation of its greatest rival, American Can Company. Continental acquired the patents of United Machinery Company, one of the few companies producing can-making machinery that had not been bought by American Can. CCC began shipping product in 1905.

During World War II, Continental Can Company helped the war effort by building aircraft parts and bombs in their manufacturing plants. The United Steelworkers of America was the union representing hundreds of manufacturing workers at Continental Can Company.

In 1956, CCC acquired the Hazel-Atlas Glass Company, the third largest producer of glass containers, which led to the United States v. Continental Can Co. Supreme Court ruling in 1964.

Hazel-Atlas Glass Company
The Hazel-Atlas Glass Company was a large producer of machine-molded glass containers headquartered in Wheeling, West Virginia.  It was founded in 1902 in Washington, Pennsylvania, as the merger of four companies:

Hazel Glass and Metals Company (started in 1887)

Atlas Glass Company (started 1896)

Wheeling Metal Plant

Republic Glass Company
Louisiana Purchase Exposition
The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the St. Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from April 30 to December 1, 1904. Local, state, and federal funds totaling $15 million (equivalent to $538 million in 2025) were used to finance the event. More than 60 countries and 43 of the then-45 American states maintained exhibition spaces at the fair, which was attended by nearly 19.7 million people.

Historians generally emphasize the prominence of the themes of race and imperialism, and the fair's long-lasting impact on intellectuals in the fields of history, architecture, and anthropology. From the point of view of the memory of the average person who attended the fair, it primarily promoted entertainment, consumer goods, and popular culture. The monumental Greco-Roman architecture of this and other fairs of the era did much to influence permanent new buildings and master plans of major cities.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Pegs'n Co
Pegs'n Co was a French software company that developed a traditional animation software package called Pegs, and is now part of Canadian company Toon Boom Animation. It was based in Paris, France. Pegs was used for several animated feature films, shorts, and television series, and it powered the French animation industry until the 2000s as it was used by studios like Millimages, Alphanim, and Animage, but it was also used by studios in other countries, most notably Saerom Animation, CineGroupe, and Mike Young Productions. In total, Pegs was used by over 100 studios worldwide.

Toon Boom
Toon Boom Animation Inc., also known as Toon Boom, is a Canadian software company founded in 1994 and based in Montreal, Quebec. It specializes in the development and production of animation and storyboarding software for film, television, the Web, video games, mobile devices, training and education.

Its software like Toon Boom Harmony is used in many countries. It was awarded the Primetime Engineering Emmy Awards in 2005 and 2012.
Lolly Wolly Doodle
Lolly Wolly Doodle was an American company that manufactures women's and children's clothing for sale online. It was founded in 2008 in Lexington, North Carolina, and is now owned by investment firm Stage Fund. After investments by venture capitalists such as Revolution Growth, it expanded to include production facilities in New York City. Most of its products are sold through via Facebook.

Revolution LLC
Revolution LLC is an American investment firm based in Washington, D.C., founded in 2005 by AOL co-founder Steve Case, after leaving the AOL Time Warner board. The firm seeks to fund entrepreneurs who are transforming legacy industries with innovative products and services, with an overarching focus on companies that are based outside of the coastal tech hubs of New York City, San Francisco, and Boston. Through the firm's Rise of the Rest platform, it has developed a network of business and civic relationships that helps Revolution source investments and support existing companies as they seek to expand across the country. Notable investments include LivingSocial, Zipcar, DraftKings, and sweetgreen.
George Manuhu
George Sulai Manuhu CSM is a judge of the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea for Port Moresby. He was Chief Magistrate of Papua New Guinea before he was appointed to the court. He was also a lawyer with the Public Solicitors Office for four years and was a District Court Magistrate for 11 years. He was appointed to the position in 2005, and had his ten-year term renewed on June 4, 2015.

Papua New Guinea honours system
The Papua New Guinean honours system is the main system of honouring citizens of Papua New Guinea for their services to the country; it consists of three Orders and several medals. After independence, Papua New Guinea used the Imperial honours system, however, in recognition of the nation's 30th anniversary, a new awards system was adopted. The official announcement of its creation was made by Prime Minister Sir Michael Somare on 12 November 2004 and the first investitures were performed by the Princess Royal in early October 2005. The Imperial honours system is still in use as well, however, and the King issues a Papua New Guinean List as part of every Birthday and New Year Honours List.
Hashimoto's encephalopathy
Hashimoto's encephalopathy, also known as steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT), is a neurological condition characterized by encephalopathy, thyroid autoimmunity, and good clinical response to corticosteroids. It is associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and was first described in 1966. It is sometimes referred to as a neuroendocrine disorder, although the condition's relationship to the endocrine system is widely disputed.  It is recognized as a rare disease by the NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center.

Up to 2005, almost 200 case reports of this disease were published. Between 1990 and 2000, 43 cases were published. Since that time, research has expanded and numerous cases are being reported by scientists around the world, suggesting that this rare condition is likely to have been significantly undiagnosed in the past. Over 100 scientific articles on Hashimoto's encephalopathy were published between 2000 and 2013.

Encephalopathy
Encephalopathy (/ɛnˌsɛfəˈlɒpəθi/; from Ancient Greek  ἐγκέφαλος (enképhalos) 'brain' and  πάθος (páthos) 'suffering') means any disorder or disease of the brain, especially chronic degenerative conditions. In modern usage, encephalopathy does not refer to a single disease, but rather to a syndrome of overall brain dysfunction; this syndrome has many possible organic and inorganic causes.