hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pinning (modelling)
Pinning is a technique used when assembling large or heavy model kits (such as metal wargaming miniatures) that involves drilling a hole in two pieces of the model to be joined, and using a "pin" to strengthen the bond when they are glued.  Pinning is a useful technique for reinforcing joints and is essential when making models from parts that were not designed to go together, such as a miniature conversion.

While models that are used for display purposes do not often require pinning, heavy models that are frequently handled (such as large metal miniatures used for wargaming) will often benefit from pinning to ensure that the model does not come apart.

Some modellers also use Blu Tack or another temporary adhesive as an aid when pinning.

Miniature conversion
Miniature conversion refers to the practice of altering the appearance of a miniature or model so as to deviate from the standard version purchased in a boxed set.

This practice is quite common amongst hobbyists who play miniature wargames such as Games Workshop's The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game, Warhammer Fantasy Battles and Warhammer 40,000, as well as many of the other games produced by other games and miniature manufacturers.  In these circumstances, conversions generally consist of combining parts of different models and modelling putty (such as Milliput or Kneadatite also known as "Green Stuff") to produce a new model with a unique appearance, which is generally a centrepiece of the player's collection, representing a powerful character or monster, or similar.
Anti-MAG peripheral neuropathy
Anti-MAG peripheral neuropathy is a specific type of peripheral neuropathy in which the person's own immune system attacks cells that are specific in maintaining a healthy nervous system.  As these cells are destroyed by antibodies, the nerve cells in the surrounding region begin to lose function and create many problems in both sensory and motor function. Specifically, antibodies against myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) damage Schwann cells. While the disorder occurs in only 10% of those afflicted with peripheral neuropathy, people afflicted have symptoms such as muscle weakness, sensory problems, and other motor deficits usually starting in the form of a tremor of the hands or trouble walking.  There are, however, multiple treatments that range from simple exercises in order to build strength to targeted drug treatments that have been shown to improve function in people with this type of peripheral neuropathy.

Myelin-associated glycoprotein
Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), or Siglec-4 is a type 1 transmembrane protein, a glycoprotein localized in periaxonal Schwann cell and oligodendrocyte membranes, where it plays a role in glial-axonal interactions. MAG is a member of the SIGLEC family of proteins and is a functional ligand of the NOGO-66 receptor,  NgR. MAG is believed to be involved in myelination during remyelination (nerve regeneration) in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and is vital for the long-term survival of the myelinated axons following myelinogenesis. In the  CNS MAG is one of three main myelin-associated inhibitors of axonal regeneration after injury, making it an important protein for future research on neurogenesis in the CNS.
Solar eclipse of June 21, 2058
A partial solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's ascending node of orbit between Thursday, June 20 and Friday, June 21, 2058, with a magnitude of 0.126. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

The partial solar eclipse will be visible for parts of western Russia, Scandinavia, and Greenland. This event will mark the beginning of Saros series 157.

Solar eclipse of May 22, 2058
A partial solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Wednesday, May 22, 2058, with a magnitude of 0.4141. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

The partial solar eclipse will be visible for parts of Antarctica, southern South Africa, and southern Madagascar.
Wang Zongbi
Wang Zongbi (Chinese: 王宗弼) (died 28 December 925) was a Chinese military general and politician of the Former Shu dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.

Born as Wei Hongfu (魏弘夫), he was a military commander and adoptive son of the founding emperor of the Former Shu kingdom, Wang Jian. He was also known as Gu Chen (顧琛) during the time he served under Gu Yanhui around 895. Wang Zongbi continued his rise in power during the reign of Wang Jian's son Wang Zongyan, first as Prince of Julu and then as Prince of Qi. In 925, after Former Shu suffered a number of key defeats at the hands of an invading Later Tang army, Wang Zongbi forced Wang Yan to surrender, hoping that would allow him to retain power in the Xichuan region (西川, i.e., the region around the Former Shu capital Chengdu). However, the deputy commander of the Later Tang army, Guo Chongtao, viewed Wang Zongbi as untrustworthy and put him to death.

Wang Zongyan
Wang Yan (Chinese: 王衍) (899–926), né Wang Zongyan (王宗衍), courtesy name Huayuan (化源), also known in historiography as Houzhu of Former Shu (前蜀後主; "last lord of Former Shu"), later posthumously created the Duke of Shunzheng (順正公) by the Later Tang dynasty, was the second and final emperor of China's Former Shu dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He was the youngest son of founding emperor Wang Jian (Emperor Gaozu), but became his heir because his mother Consort Xu was Wang Jian's favorite concubine and was able to gain the support of the chancellor Zhang Ge.

Wang Yan's reign was traditionally considered one of decadence, corruption, and incompetence. In 925, his state was conquered by its emerging northeastern neighbor Later Tang. Wang Yan surrendered to the Later Tang army, but was later killed by Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang.
Kathleen Quinlan
Kathleen Denise Quinlan  (born November 19, 1954) is an American film and television actress. She is best known for her Golden Globe-nominated performance in the 1977 film of the novel I Never Promised You a Rose Garden, and her Golden Globe and Academy Award-nominated role in the 1995 film Apollo 13, along with many roles in other feature films, television movies, and series, in a career spanning almost five decades.

I Never Promised You a Rose Garden (film)
I Never Promised You a Rose Garden is a 1977 American drama film directed by Anthony Page from a screenplay by Gavin Lambert and Lewis John Carlino, based on the 1964 novel by Joanne Greenberg. The film stars Bibi Andersson, Kathleen Quinlan, Sylvia Sidney, Martine Bartlett, Lorraine Gary, Signe Hasso, Susan Tyrrell, and Diane Varsi. It follows a mentally ill teen who struggles between fantasy and reality, escaping to her own imaginary world.

The film premiered in New York City on July 14, 1977, and it was released in Los Angeles on August 18, 1977. It received mixed reviews from critics, and was nominated for Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium at the 50th Academy Awards. It was also nominated for Best Motion Picture – Drama and Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama for Quinlan at the 35th Golden Globe Awards.
Berlekamp–Welch algorithm
The Berlekamp–Welch algorithm, also known as the Welch–Berlekamp algorithm, is named for Elwyn R. Berlekamp and Lloyd R. Welch. This is a decoder algorithm that efficiently corrects errors in Reed–Solomon codes for an RS(n, k), code based on the Reed Solomon original view where a message  is used as coefficients of a polynomial  or used with Lagrange interpolation to generate the polynomial  of degree < k for inputs  and then  is applied to  to create an encoded codeword .

The goal of the decoder is to recover the original encoding polynomial , using the known inputs  and received codeword  with possible errors. It also computes an error polynomial  where  corresponding to errors in the received codeword.

Lloyd R. Welch
Lloyd Richard Welch (September 28, 1927 – December 28, 2023) was an American information theorist and applied mathematician, and co-inventor of the Baum–Welch algorithm and the Berlekamp–Welch algorithm, also known as the Welch–Berlekamp algorithm.

Welch received his B.S. in mathematics from the University of Illinois, 1951, and Ph.D. in mathematics from the California Institute of Technology, 1958, under advisor Frederic Bohnenblust. He worked at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory 1956–1959, Institute for Defense Analyses in Princeton, 1959–1965, and University of Southern California, 1965–1999. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 1979 for "contributions to an understanding of possibilities, limitations, and design of communications coding for reliability, security, and synchronization". He was also an IEEE Fellow, and received the 2003 Claude E. Shannon Award.
NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series at Dover Motor Speedway
Stock car racing events in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series have been held at the Dover Motor Speedway. The track held 2 races annually from 1986 to 2020. The track dropped to one race a year in 2021, as Dover Motorsports gave a race to Nashville Superspeedway, where an annual race is held.

NASCAR Cup Series at Dover Motor Speedway
Stock car races in the NASCAR Cup Series were held annually at Dover Motor Speedway in Dover, Delaware since 1969 to 2025. The race was named Autotrader EchoPark Automotive 400 for sponsorship reasons.

From 1971 through 2020, a second Cup race was held at Dover in the fall.
Bobby Joe Ebola and the Children MacNuggits
Bobby Joe Ebola and the Children MacNuggits is an American rock band duo.

Formed in 1995, the band consists of vocalist Corbett Redford III and guitarist/vocalist Dan Abbott. The duo is often joined onstage and in the studio by other musicians and participants for stage performances and recordings. Early performances featured occasional backup vocals from John Geek, who also sings for Fleshies. Abbott, Redford, and Geek were founding members of the indie label S.P.A.M. Records and organizers of Geekfest.

Between 1995 and 2000, the band toured the U.S. several times and released two full-length albums, one extended play (EP), and a split 7-inch record with the band Your Mother before disbanding in 2000. In 2009, the band reunited and recorded an album called F, and an EP, Freaky Baby, on the independent label, Silver Sprocket

Silver Sprocket
Silver Sprocket is a San Francisco-based indie comics publisher and independent record label, founded in 2007 by Avi Ehrlich of  Springman Records.  In addition to publishing records and comics, Silver Sprocket also supports a range of independent musicians and other community-based initiatives.
East Region (WFTDA)
The WFTDA's East Region was formed in 2006.

In 2009, teams from the western part of the region were moved into the North Central and South Central Regions. In 2008, WFTDA changed from having just two regional tournaments (East and West), to five, made up of teams from four regions: East, North Central, South Central and West.

Members of the WFTDA's Europe Region competed in the East Region, as did members in the eastern part of the Canada Region. WFTDA has now moved away from the Big 5 WFTDA Championships qualification tournament structure, last competed in 2012.

Starting with the 2013 WFTDA season, the regions were discontinued in favour of an overall-rankings based system, and a new playoff format was created.

West Region (WFTDA)
The Women's Flat Track Derby Association's (WFTDA) West Region was formed in 2006.  In 2009, teams from the eastern part of the region were moved into the North Central and South Central Regions.

From 2008, the WFTDA changed from having just two regional tournaments (East and West), to five, made up of teams from four regions: East, North Central, South Central and West.

For 2011, the region was reduced in size, with teams in New Mexico moving to the South Central Region.

WFTDA has now moved away from the Big 5 WFTDA Championships qualification tournament structure, last competed in 2012. Starting with the 2013 WFTDA season, the regions were discontinued in favour of an overall-rankings based system, and a new playoff format was created.
Inniskeen
Inniskeen, officially Inishkeen (Irish: Inis Caoin, meaning 'peaceful island'), is a small village, townland and parish in County Monaghan, Ireland, close to the County Louth and County Armagh borders. The village is located about 17 kilometres (11 mi) from Dundalk, 11 km (7 mi) from Carrickmacross, and 5 km (3 mi) from Crossmaglen. Seven townlands of this Roman Catholic Diocese of Clogher parish lie within County Louth.

Carrickmacross
Carrickmacross (Irish: Carraig Mhachaire Rois, meaning 'rock of the wooded plain') is a town in County Monaghan, Ireland. The population was 5,745 at the 2022 census, making it the second-largest town in the county. Carrickmacross is a market town which developed around a castle built by the Earl of Essex in 1630. The town is 20km west of Dundalk and 75km north-north-west of Dublin city centre and 106km south west of Belfast. Carrickmacross won the European Entente Florale Silver Medal Award in 1998.
Yaakov Yisrael Kanievsky
Yaakov Yisrael Kanievsky (Hebrew: יעקב ישראל קַנִיֶּבְסְקִי), known as The Steipler or The Steipler Gaon (1899 – 10 August 1985),
was a Haredi rabbi, Talmudic scholar, and posek 
(decider of Jewish law in new situations), and the author of Kehilos Yaakov, a 19-volume commentary on the Talmud.

Avrohom Yeshaya Karelitz
Avraham Yeshayahu Karelitz (Hebrew: אברהם ישעיהו קרליץ; 7 November 1878 – 24 October 1953), also known as the Chazon Ish (Hebrew: החזון איש) after his magnum opus, was a  Belarusian-born Orthodox rabbi who later became one of the leaders of Haredi Judaism in Israel, where he spent his final 20 years, from 1933 to 1953.
Bhardhora Borphukan
Bhardhora Borphukan (died 1680), also Bhatdhora Borphukan was the son of famous Ahom noble and statesman Momai Tamuli Borbarua, and also known as the brother of Ahom General Lachit Barphukan and Laluksola Borphukan. He was posted as Borphukan at Kaliabor after his brother Laluk Sola Borphukan hand over the control of Guwahati to Muhammad Azam Shah.

Laluksola Borphukan
Laluksola Borphukan (fl. 1672–1680) also Laluk Nimati Phukan was of Lan Phima family and was son of Momai Tamuli Borborua and elder brother of Lachit Borphukan succeeded to the seat of Borphukan after demise of his younger brother Lachit, Laluksola Borphukan, who abandoned Guwahati. He aspired to be the king. He was appointed the Borphukan by Udayaditya Singha after the death of his younger brother and predecessor, Lachit Borphukan, in 1672. He was posted as Naoboisa Phukan during the time of the Battle of Saraighat. His brothers were Bhardhora Borphukan, Marangi Borbarua, Lao deka, Lachit Borphukan and Datukaria and sisters are Ahalya gabharu and Pakhori Gabharu.  He was assassinated by his servant while he was asleep.
Thomonde
Thomonde (French pronunciation: [tɔmɔ̃d]; Haitian Creole: Tomonn) is a commune in the Hinche Arrondissement, in the Centre department of Haiti. It is located in the Centre or "Plateau Central", arrondissement Hinche. Its sections are Cabral, Tierra Muscady, Baille Tourrible, and  La Hoye. The geo-coordinates are 19.02N and 71.97W.

Since 2004 until at least 2012, Organization for the Development of the Peasants of Salmadère (ODPSA) facilitated the growth of maize and millet as well as improving soil development. In March 2012, it received $89,596 from Japan. Like other municipalities of the Centre Department, the town suffered a drought in 2012. In 2014, Minister of Economy and Finance Wilson Laleau accompanied by Counsellor for Legal Affairs Wolff Dubique, Abel Metelus, and other members of his cabinet agreed to launch an Integrated Agricultural Development Project centered in Thomonde with Compagnie de Promotion Immobilière et de Ressources Agricoles.

Centre (department)
Centre (French, pronounced [sɑ̃tʁ] ⓘ) or Sant (Haitian Creole; both meaning "Center") is a landlocked department (French: départements; Haitian Creole: depatman) of Haiti, located in the center of the country along the border with the Dominican Republic. As of 2015, its estimated population was 746,236. Its capital is Hinche.
2014 Women's Hockey Champions Challenge I
The 2014 Women's Hockey Champions Challenge I was the 8th and last edition of the field hockey championship for women. It was held from 27 April to 4 May 2014 in Glasgow, Scotland. The tournament doubled as the qualifier to the 2016 Champions Trophy as the winner earned an automatic berth to compete.

The United States won the tournament for the first time after defeating Ireland 3–1 in the final, earning an automatic berth at the 2016 Champions Trophy after their absence in the previous fifteen editions. South Africa won the third place match by defeating Spain 1–0.

2016 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy
The 2016 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy was the 22nd edition of the Hockey Champions Trophy for women. It was held between 18 and 26 June 2016 in London, United Kingdom.

Argentina won the tournament for a record seventh time after defeating the Netherlands 2–1 in the final.
X: Past Is Present
X: Past is Present is a 2015 Indian collaborative feature film directed by a team of eleven filmmakers including Abhinav Shiv Tiwari, Anu Menon, Nalan Kumarasamy, Hemant Gaba, Pratim D. Gupta, Q, Raja Sen, Rajshree Ojha, Sandeep Mohan, Sudhish Kamath and Suparn Verma. It features actor-director Rajat Kapoor and Anshuman Jha in the lead. X is not an anthology, but one whole story with the eleven directors making sections of it. The film has been produced by Manish Mundra and has been announced for a nationwide release in India on 20 November 2015.

Qaushiq Mukherjee
Qaushiq Mukherjee (born 1973), popularly known as Q, dubbed as "India's most dangerous filmmaker", is an independent film director known for his avant-garde cinematography. He is perhaps most famous for directing his controversial feature Gandu, which became the first Indian film to feature graphical nudity and unsimulated sex. Many of his films and webseries include such transgressive elements. An online magazine referred to him as the "Gaspar Noe of India".
Bhadra River
The Bhadra is a river in Karnataka state in southern India.

It originates in Gangamoola near Kudremukha, Western Ghats (Sahyadri) range, and flows east across the southern part of Deccan Plateau, joined by its tributaries the Somavahini near Hebbe, Thadabehalla, and Odirayanahalla. It flows through the towns of Kudremukh, Kalasa, Horanadu, Haluvalli, Balehonnur, Balehole and Narasimharajapura. The Bhadra Dam is built across the river at BRP -Bhadravathi, Karnataka, which forms the Bhadra reservoir (186 ft). From here the river continues its journey through the city of Bhadravathi, Karnataka. The Bhadra meets the Tunga River at Koodli, a small town near Shivamogga. The combined river continues east as the Tungabhadra, a major tributary of the Krishna, which empties into the Bay of Bengal.

Kudremukha
Kudremukha is the name of a mountain range and an individual mountain peak located in Chikmagalur district,  in Karnataka, India. It is also the name of a small hill station and iron ore-mining town situated near the mountain, about 20 kilometres from Kalasa in Kalasa Taluk. The name Kuduremukha literally means "horse-faced" in Kannada and refers to a particular picturesque view of a side of the mountain that resembles a horse's face. It was also referred to as 'Samseparvata', historically since it was approached from Samse village. Kuduremukha is Karnataka's 2nd highest peak after Mullayanagiri and 26th highest peak in western ghats. The nearest International Airport is at Mangalore which is at a distance of 99 kilometres.

The Kudremukha National Park in the Western Ghats is a part of the world's 38 ‘hottest hotspots’ of biological diversity, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
The University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, abbreviated as Unicampania and formerly known as Second University of Naples, is an Italian public university established in 1990. Its legal headquarters is located in the city of Caserta, but it has teaching facilities across the provinces of Avellino, Benevento, and Caserta, as well as within the Metropolitan City of Naples.

Caserta
Caserta (Italian: [kaˈzɛrta] ⓘ or [kaˈsɛrta]; Neapolitan: [kaˈsertə]) is the capital of the province of Caserta in the Campania region of Italy. An important agricultural, commercial, and industrial comune and city, Caserta is located 36 kilometres north of Naples on the edge of the Campanian plain at the foot of the Campanian Subapennine mountain range. The city is best known for the 18th-century Bourbon Royal Palace of Caserta.
Indian Script Code for Information Interchange
Indian Script Code for Information Interchange (ISCII) is a coding scheme for representing various writing systems of India. It encodes the main Indic scripts and a Roman transliteration. The supported scripts are: Bengali–Assamese, Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Odia, Tamil, and Telugu. ISCII does not encode the writing systems of India that are based on Persian, but its writing system switching codes nonetheless provide for Kashmiri, Sindhi, Urdu, Persian, Pashto and Arabic. The Persian-based writing systems were subsequently encoded in the PASCII encoding.

ISCII has not been widely used outside certain government institutions, although a variant without the ATR mechanism was used on classic Mac OS, Mac OS Devanagari, and it has now been rendered largely obsolete by Unicode. Unicode uses a separate block for each Indic writing system, and largely preserves the ISCII layout within each block.: 462

Perso-Arabic Script Code for Information Interchange
Perso-Arabic Script Code for Information Interchange (PASCII) is one of the Indian government standards for encoding languages using writing systems based on Perso-Arabic alphabet, in particular Kashmiri, Persian, Sindhi and Urdu. The ISCII encoding was originally intended to cover both the Brahmi-derived writing systems of India and the Arabic-based systems, but it was subsequently decided to encode the Arabic-based writing systems separately.

PASCII has now been rendered largely obsolete by Unicode. The  encoding of the Arabic script in Unicode is based on ISO/IEC 8859-6 rather than PASCII
Hoegaarden Brewery
Hoegaarden Brewery (/ˈhuːɡɑːrdən/ HOO-gar-dən, Dutch: [ˈɦuɣaːrdə(n)] ⓘ) is a brewery in Hoegaarden, Belgium, and the producer of a witbier, which is different from a wheat beer. Hoegaarden de-emphasizes hops, and is unfiltered, giving it the hazy, or milky, appearance--which makes it a wit (white) beer.

Wheat beer
Wheat beer is a top-fermented beer which is brewed with a large proportion of wheat relative to the amount of malted barley. The two main varieties are German Weizenbier and Belgian witbier; other types include Lambic (made with wild yeast), Berliner Weisse (a cloudy, sour beer), and Gose (a sour, salty beer).