hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calgary Stampeders
The Calgary Stampeders are a professional Canadian football team based in Calgary. The Stampeders compete in the West Division of the Canadian Football League (CFL). The club plays its home games at McMahon Stadium and are the fifth oldest active franchise in the CFL. The Stampeders were officially founded in 1945, although there were clubs operating in Calgary since the 1890s.

The Calgary Stampeders have won eight Grey Cups, most recently in 2018, from their appearances in 17 Grey Cup Championship games. They have won 20 Western Division Championships and one Northern Division Championship in the franchise's history. The team has a provincial rivalry with the Edmonton Elks, as well as fierce divisional rivalries with the Saskatchewan Roughriders and the BC Lions.

Battle of Alberta
The Battle of Alberta is a term applied to the intense rivalry between the Canadian cities of Calgary, the province's most populous city (since 1976), and Edmonton, the capital of the province of Alberta (since 1905). Most often it is used to describe sporting events between the two cities, although this is not exclusive as the rivalry predates organized sports in Alberta.
RM-ODP
Reference Model of Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP) is a reference model in computer science, which provides a co-ordinating framework for the standardization of open distributed processing (ODP). It supports distribution, interworking, platform and technology independence, and portability, together with an enterprise architecture framework for the specification of ODP systems.

RM-ODP, also named ITU-T Rec. X.901-X.904 and ISO/IEC 10746, is a joint effort by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T).

Enterprise architecture framework
An enterprise architecture framework (EA framework) defines how to create and use an enterprise architecture. An architecture framework provides principles and practices for creating and using the architecture description of a system. It structures architects' thinking by dividing the architecture description into domains, layers, or views, and offers models – typically matrices and diagrams – for documenting each view.  This allows for making systemic design decisions on all the components of the system and making long-term decisions around new design requirements, sustainability, and support.
American Woodmark
American Woodmark Corporation is a kitchen and bath cabinet manufacturer headquartered in Winchester, Virginia. The company operates several manufacturing facilities and service centers. The manufacturing facilities are located in Arizona, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia with service centers being located throughout the country.

Winchester, Virginia
Winchester is the northernmost independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. It is the county seat of Frederick County, although the two are separate jurisdictions. As of 2020 United States census, the city's population was 28,120. It is the principal city of the Winchester metropolitan area with a population of just over 145,000 extending into West Virginia, which is a part of the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. Winchester is home to Shenandoah University and the Museum of the Shenandoah Valley.
George Richard Pain
George Richard Pain (1793 – 26 December 1838) was born into a family of English architects.  His grandfather was William Pain, his father James Pain and his brother also James. George Richard served as an apprentice architect to John Nash of London. George Richard and James were commissioned by the Board of First Fruits to design churches and glebe houses in Ireland. He settled in Cork, Ireland. Many of his designs were produced in collaboration with his brother James Pain who practiced in Limerick.

James Pain
James Pain (1779 – 13 December 1877) was an English architect. Born into a family of English architects, his grandfather was William Pain, his father James Pain and his brother George Richard Pain. James Pain served as an apprentice to the architect John Nash of London.  James and George Richard were commissioned by the Board of First Fruits to design churches and glebe houses in Ireland. In 1833, James Pain became one of the four principal architects of the Board of Ecclesiastical Commissioners. He settled in Limerick, Ireland. Many of his designs were produced in collaboration with his brother George Richard who practised in Cork.
Strobilomyces
Strobilomyces is a genus of boletes (mushrooms having a spongy mass of pores under the cap). The only well-known European species is the type species S. strobilaceus (also named S. floccopus), known in English as "old man of the woods".

Members of the genus can be distinguished by the following characteristics:

the cap and stipe are covered in soft hairy or woolly scales,

while most boletes have smooth elongated spores, those of Strobilomyces are roughly spherical and prominently ornamented, and

as might be expected from its "dry" fibrous appearance, it is resistant to decay (whereas most mushrooms in the Boletaceae are soft and decompose notoriously rapidly).

Strobilomyces strobilaceus
Strobilomyces strobilaceus, also called Strobilomyces floccopus and commonly known as old man of the woods, is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae.

The fruit bodies are characterized by soft, dark scales on the cap surface. The species is native to Eurasia and North America.
Whittier Daily News
The Whittier Daily News is a paid local daily newspaper for Whittier, California, United States. Coverage area includes Whittier, South Whittier, Pico Rivera, La Habra Heights, Santa Fe Springs and La Mirada.

The Whittier Daily News is a member of Southern California News Group (formerly the Los Angeles Newspaper Group), a division of Digital First Media. It is also part of the San Gabriel Valley Newspaper Group, along with the San Gabriel Valley Tribune and the Pasadena Star-News. Digital First Media is owned by Alden Global Capital.

MediaNews Group
MNG Enterprises, Inc., doing business as Digital First Media and MediaNews Group, is a Denver, Colorado, United States–based newspaper publisher owned by Alden Global Capital. As of May 2021, it owns over 100 newspapers and 200 assorted other publications.
KIDZ-LD
KIDZ-LD (channel 42) was a low-power television station in Abilene, Texas, United States. It served as a translator of Fox affiliate KXVA (channel 15) which is owned by Tegna Inc. KIDZ-LD's transmitter was located at KXVA's studios in the Bank of America Building on Chestnut Street in downtown Abilene; master control and some internal operations for KXVA and KIDZ-LD were based at the facilities of sister station and fellow Fox affiliate KIDY on South Chadbourne Street in San Angelo.

KXVA
KXVA (channel 15) is a television station in Abilene, Texas, United States, affiliated with Fox and MyNetworkTV. Owned by Tegna Inc., the station broadcasts from a transmitter located in rural southwestern Callahan County. Its operations and local productions are housed at sister station and fellow Fox affiliate KIDY in San Angelo; the two stations are commonly branded as "Fox West Texas" and largely simulcast the same programming, including local newscasts covering both areas.
Medal of the Maple
The Medal of the Maple is a service award presented to youth members of Scouts Canada to honour those youth who have significantly contributed to the Movement and the spirit of Scouting through community service, extraordinary Scouting participation and a solid system of personal values. Currently it is the only service award presented solely to youth.

Scouts Canada
Scouts Canada is a Canadian Scouting association that provides programs for young people ages 5 to 26. It aims "to help develop well-rounded youth, better prepared for success in the world." Scouts Canada, in affiliation with the French-language Association des Scouts du Canada, is a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement.

In 2022-2023, there were 41,733 youth members and 12,960 volunteers in Scouts Canada. The association has declined significantly in size since its peak in 1965: youth membership is down 85% from 288,084, and volunteers are down 61% from 33,524.
Elfin MS8 Streamliner
The Elfin MS8 Streamliner is a sports car, successor to the Elfin MS7, a Repco-Holden V8 powered sports racing car in which Elfin founder Garrie Cooper won the 1975 Australian Sports Car Championship, and Stuart Kostera won the 1976 Australian Tourist Trophy.

The MS8 was revealed at the 2004 Melbourne International Motor Show. It is being mentioned in the same articles as some of the greatest sports cars currently available.

Sales to the UK are predicted for mid-2007. There are currently two Elfin MS8s in the UK for export evaluation and an office has been set up in Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire.

Elfin Sports Cars
Elfin Sports Cars Pty Ltd (formerly known as Elfin Sports Cars) is an Australian car manufacturer company that was founded by Garrie Cooper. It has been an Australian manufacturer of sports cars and motor racing cars since 1959.

Elfin Sports Cars is currently owned by Young Timers Garage (YTG) after being purchased by the company in May 2023 from the Walkinshaw Group. It was previously owned by businessmen and historic racing enthusiasts Bill Hemming and Nick Kovatch (who remains as technical director) who purchased it in 1998.

Elfin is the oldest continuous sports car maker in Australia and one of the most successful with 29 championships and major Grand Prix titles. The original factory was located at Conmurra Avenue, Edwardstown in suburban Adelaide, South Australia. The company is currently located in Keysborough, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia.
Arroyo Gardens, Texas
Arroyo Gardens is a census-designated place (CDP) in Cameron County, in the U.S. state of Texas. The population was 456 at the 2010 census. Prior to the 2010 census, the community was part of the Arroyo Gardens-La Tina Ranch CDP. It is part of the Brownsville–Harlingen Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Arroyo Gardens-La Tina Ranch, Texas
Arroyo Gardens-La Tina Ranch was a census-designated place (CDP) in Cameron County, Texas, United States. The population was 732 at the 2000 census. The community is part of the Brownsville–Harlingen Metropolitan Statistical Area.
San Francisco Demons
The San Francisco Demons (originally named San Jose Demons) were a short-lived springtime American football team based in San Francisco, California. This team was part of the failed XFL begun by Vince McMahon of World Wrestling Entertainment and by NBC, a major television network in the United States. Originally they were to be based in San Jose but prior to the start of the season they were moved to San Francisco. They were in the Western Division with the Los Angeles Xtreme, Las Vegas Outlaws and Memphis Maniax.

The team played in Pacific Bell Park in San Francisco; despite having the smallest stadium in the league, they also had the highest average attendance (34,954). The fans had a cheering section nicknamed "The Hellhole".

The team was coached by Jim Skipper, former running backs coach for the New York Giants.

Los Angeles Xtreme
The Los Angeles Xtreme was a professional American football team based in Los Angeles, California. The team was a member of the original version of the XFL, begun by Vince McMahon of World Wrestling Entertainment and by NBC, a major television network in the United States. The team played its home games in the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in the spring of 2001. They were in the XFL's Western Division with the San Francisco Demons, the Memphis Maniax, and the Las Vegas Outlaws. The team had the league's best passing offense and was nicknamed "L.A.X." as a pun on the IATA code for Los Angeles International Airport. They finished the season in 1st place with a 7–3 record and defeated the Chicago Enforcers in the Playoffs and the San Francisco Demons in the Million Dollar Game with a score of 38–6 to win the league's sole Championship.
Danville, Kentucky
Danville is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Boyle County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 17,236 at the 2020 census. Danville is the principal city of the Danville Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of the Boyle and Lincoln counties. In 2001, Danville received a Great American Main Street Award from the National Trust for Historic Preservation. In 2011, Money magazine placed Danville as the fourth-best place to retire in the United States. Centre College in Danville was selected to host U.S. vice-presidential debates in 2000 and 2012.

Lincoln County, Kentucky
Lincoln County is a county located in south-central Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,275. Its county seat is Stanford. Lincoln County is part of the Danville, KY Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Taylorville Station (reserve)
Taylorville Station is a protected area located in the east of the Australian state of South Australia about 35 kilometres (22 miles) north west of the town of Renmark and about 250 kilometres (160 miles) east of the state capital of Adelaide.  It is a protected area which is under the control of the Australian government rather than the Government of South Australia and which is managed by a private organisation under contract.  Taylorville Station is part of an area whose habitat has been listed as "critical" for the survival of the bird species, black-eared miner.  It is also part of a larger reserve system known as the Riverland Biosphere Reserve.

Riverland Biosphere Reserve
The Riverland Biosphere Reserve, formerly the Bookmark Biosphere Reserve, is a 9,000 square kilometres (3,500 square miles) area of land in eastern South Australia, adjoining the states of New South Wales and Victoria.  It is one of 14 biosphere reserves in Australia and is part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves, being officially recognized and listed by UNESCO in 1977.
Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board
Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board [2015] UKSC 11 is a Scottish delict, medical negligence and English tort law case on doctors and pharmacists that outlines the rule on the disclosure of risks to satisfy the criteria of an informed consent. The Supreme Court departed and overruled the earlier House of Lords case in Sidaway v Board of Governors of the Bethlem Royal Hospital, in reconsidering the duty of care of a doctor towards a patient on medical treatment. The case changed the Bolam test to a greater test in medical negligence by introducing the general duty to attempt the disclosure of risks.

Sidaway v Board of Governors of the Bethlem Royal Hospital
Sidaway v Board of Governors of the Bethlem Royal Hospital [1985] UKHL 1 is an important House of Lords case in English tort law, specifically medical negligence, concerning the duty of a surgeon to inform a patient of the risks before undergoing an operation.

It has largely been overturned by Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board, which determined that there is a duty on doctors to take reasonable care to ensure that a patient is aware of material risks inherent in treatment.
Yŏn Namsaeng
Yŏn Namsaeng (Korean: 연남생; Hanja: 淵男生; 634–679) was the eldest son of the Goguryeo Dae Mangniji (대막리지, 大莫離支; highest-ranking official or dictator; "prime minister") Yŏn Kaesomun (603? – 665). In 665, Yŏn Namsaeng succeeded his father and became the 2nd Tae Mangniji of Goguryeo.

Yŏn Kaesomun
Yŏn Kaesomun (Korean: 연개소문; Hanja: 淵蓋蘇文; 594–666) was a powerful military dictator in the waning days of the Goguryeo kingdom, one of the Three Kingdoms of ancient Korea. Traditional Korean histories from Joseon painted Yŏn Kaesomun as a despotic leader, whose cruel policies and disobedience to his monarch led to the fall of Goguryeo. His successful resistance against Tang China under Emperor Taizong and his son Emperor Gaozong inspired early Korean nationalist historians, most notably the 19th-century Korean historian and intellectual Shin Chae-ho, to term Yŏn Kaesomun the greatest hero in Korean history. In popular culture Yŏn Kaesomun is often portrayed as an exceptional soldier-statesman without equal in Korean history.
1979 Soviet economic reform
The 1979 Soviet economic reform, or "Improving planning and reinforcing the effects of the economic mechanism on raising the effectiveness in production and improving the quality of work", was an economic reform initiated by Alexei Kosygin, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers. During Leonid Brezhnev's rule of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) the Soviet economy began to stagnate; this period is referred to by historians as the Era of Stagnation. Even after several reform attempts by Kosygin and his protégés, the economic situation in the country continued to deteriorate. In contrast to his earlier reform initiative, the 26th Congress decided that his government would implement the reform during the Eleventh five-year plan from 1981 to 1985. This never happened, and even Brezhnev complained that implementation of the reform had been slow. This unfinished reform is seen by some as the last major pre-perestroika reform initiative put forward by the Soviet government.

Eleventh five-year plan (Soviet Union)
The eleventh five-year plan of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a set of goals designed to strengthen the country's economy between  1981 and 1985. The plan was presented by the Chairman of the Council of Ministers Nikolai Tikhonov at the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU).
Partido Barug
Partido Barug (lit. transl. Stand Party), commonly known as BARUG, is a regional political party based in Cebu City, Philippines. Former Cebu City Mayor Michael Rama is its founding president.

BARUG is currently affiliated with PDP–Laban since 2018. It has formed an alliance with Kugi Uswag Sugbo and Partido Panaghiusa for the 2022 elections.

Kugi Uswag Sugbo
Kugi Uswag Sugbo (lit. transl. Work Hard Progress Cebu), commonly known as KUSUG, is a local political party based in Cebu City, Philippines and was founded by former Mayor Alvin Garcia.

It was formerly allied with the Partido Barug of former mayor Michael Rama from 2013 to 2024.
61st World Science Fiction Convention
The 61st World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as Torcon 3, was held from 28 August to 1 September 2003 at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre and at the Fairmont Royal York and Crowne Plaza (now the InterContinental Toronto Centre) hotels in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

This convention was also the 2003 Canvention, and therefore presented the Prix Aurora Awards.

Worldcon
The World Science Fiction Convention, branded as Worldcon, is a science fiction convention and the annual convention of the World Science Fiction Society (WSFS). It has been held each year since 1939 (except for the years 1942 to 1945, during World War II). The members of each Worldcon are the members of WSFS, and vote both to select the site of the Worldcon two years later, and to select the winners of the annual Hugo Awards, which are presented at each convention.
Dennis W. Sciama
Dennis William Siahou Sciama, FRS (/ʃiˈæmə/; 18 November 1926 – 18 December 1999) was an English physicist who, through his own work and that of his students, played a major role in developing British physics after the Second World War. He was the PhD supervisor to many famous physicists and astrophysicists, including John D. Barrow, David Deutsch, George F. R. Ellis, Stephen Hawking, Adrian Melott and Martin Rees, among others; he is considered one of the fathers of modern cosmology.

John D. Barrow
John David Barrow FRS (29 November 1952 – 26 September 2020) was an English cosmologist, theoretical physicist, and mathematician. He served as Gresham Professor of Geometry at Gresham College from 2008 to 2011. Barrow was also a writer of popular science and an amateur playwright.
Tony Martin (American singer)
Alvin Morris (December 25, 1913 – July 27, 2012), known professionally as Tony Martin, was an American actor and singer of popular music.

His career spanned over seven decades, and he scored dozens of hits between the late-1930s and mid-1950s with songs such as "Walk Hand in Hand", "I Love Paris", "Stranger in Paradise", and "I Get Ideas". He was married to actress and dancer Cyd Charisse from 1948 until she died in 2008.

Cyd Charisse
Cyd Charisse (born Tula Ellice Finklea; March 8, 1922 – June 17, 2008) was an American dancer and actress.

After recovering from polio as a child and studying ballet, Charisse entered films in the 1940s. Her roles usually featured her abilities as a dancer, and she was often paired with Fred Astaire or Gene Kelly. Her films included Singin' in the Rain (1952), The Band Wagon (1953), Brigadoon (1954), and Silk Stockings (1957). She stopped dancing in films in the late 1950s but continued acting in film and television, and in 1991 she made her Broadway debut. In her later years she discussed the history of the Hollywood musical in documentaries and was featured in That's Entertainment! III in 1994. She was awarded the National Medal of the Arts and Humanities in 2006.
Dunkery Hill
Dunkery Beacon at the summit of Dunkery Hill is the highest point on Exmoor and in Somerset, England. It is also the highest point in southern England outside of Dartmoor.

The sandstone hill rises to 519 metres (1,703 ft) and provides views over the surrounding moorland, the Bristol Channel and hills up to 86 miles (138 km) away. The site has been visited by humans since the Bronze Age, and contains several burial mounds in the form of cairns and bowl barrows. Sweetworthy on the lower slopes is the site of two Iron Age hill forts or enclosures and a deserted medieval settlement. The hill is part of a Site of Special Scientific Interest and National nature reserve. It was in private ownership until the 20th century, when it was donated to the National Trust by Sir Thomas Acland, Colonel Wiggin and Allan Hughes; a stone cairn was erected at the summit to commemorate the event.

Sweetworthy
Sweetworthy is the site of two Iron Age hill forts or enclosures at Luccombe, 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Porlock, Somerset, England. They are on the north-facing slope of Dunkery Hill. One has a single rampart and external ditch, enclosing 0.25 hectares (0.62 acres). The rampart is still visible and the ditch on the east side is used as a trackway. There was a defended settlement above the main site.

It is also the site of a deserted medieval settlement, which has been designated as a scheduled monument. It has been added to the Heritage at Risk Register because of the vulnerability to plant growth.
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang ([ɕwǎn.tsʊ́ŋ]; 8 September 685 – 3 May 762), personal name Li Longji, was an emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 712 to 756. His reign of 44 years was the longest during the Tang dynasty. Through two palace coups, he seized the throne and inherited an empire still in its golden age. He was initially assisted by capable chancellors like Yao Chong, Song Jing and Zhang Yue who were already serving as government officials before Xuanzong ascended the throne. However, under Emperor Xuanzong, the empire reached its turning point and went into sharp decline and near collapse, due to numerous political missteps throughout his long reign, such as over-trusting chancellors Li Linfu, Yang Guozhong and general An Lushan, with Tang's golden age ending in the An Lushan rebellion.

Yao Chong
Yao Chong (Chinese: 姚崇; pinyin: Yáo Chóng; 650 – September 28, 721), born Yao Yuanchong (姚元崇), known 700s–713 by the courtesy name Yuanzhi (元之), posthumous name Duke Wenxian of Liang (梁文獻公), was an official of the China's Tang and Wu Zhou dynasties, serving as chancellor under four sovereigns—Wu Zetian, her sons Emperor Zhongzong and Emperor Ruizong, and her grandson Emperor Xuanzong. After his resignation in 716, he still had great influence inside the imperial government, and his opinions often influenced the decisions of Emperor Xuanzong and the succeeding chancellors.