hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saint Boniface Church (New Vienna, Iowa)
Saint Boniface Church is the Catholic parish church for the city of New Vienna, Iowa and the surrounding area.  It is a Gothic-style church, with stained glass windows, a handcarved main altar, and a striking 200-foot (61 m) spire The parish, part of the Archdiocese of Dubuque, is partnered with Ss. Peter and Paul Parish, Petersburg, Iowa - the two parishes share a pastor.

Saints Peter and Paul Church (Petersburg, Iowa)
Saints Peter and Paul Catholic Church  is a parish church in the Archdiocese of Dubuque. The church is located in the unincorporated community of Petersburg, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.
Dhegihan migration
The Dhegihan migration and separation was the long journey on foot by the North American Indians in the ancient Hą́ke tribe. During the migration from present-day Illinois/Kentucky and as far as Nebraska, they gradually split up into five groups. Each became an independent and historic tribe. They are the Omaha, Ponca, Kaw or Kansa, Osage and Quapaw.

The term "Dhegiha" refers to all five Indian tribes since they each speak a Dhegiha Siouan language. Besides having related languages, they share an oral tradition about a common origin from an ancestral tribe. The timing of the separation for these tribes and history prior to their existence as separate groups is the subject of some debate.

Kaw people
The Kaw Nation (Kansa: Kaáⁿze), also known as the Kanza or Kansa, is a federally recognized Native American tribe in Oklahoma and parts of Kansas. The Kaw people historically lived in the central Midwestern United States. They have also been called the "People of the South Wind", "People of Water", Kansa, Kaza, Konza, Conza, Quans, Kosa, and Kasa. Their tribal language is Kansa, classified as a Siouan language.

The state of Kansas was named for this tribe. The name of Topeka, capital city of Kansas, is said to be the Kaw word Tó Ppí Kˀé meaning 'a good place to grow potatoes'. The Kaw are closely related to the Osage Nation, with whom members often intermarried.
Balao-class submarine
The Balao class is a design of United States Navy submarines that was used during World War II, and with 120 boats completed, the largest class of submarines in the United States Navy. An improvement on the earlier Gato class, the boats had slight internal differences. The most significant improvement was the use of thicker, higher yield-strength steel in the pressure hull skins and frames, which increased their test depth to 400 feet (120 m). A Balao-class submarine, the USS Tang actually exceeded the maximum on their depth gauge of 612 ft (187 m) in 1944,
when taking on water in the forward torpedo room while evading a destroyer.

USS Tang (SS-306)
USS Tang (hull number SS-306) was a Balao-class submarine of World War II, the first ship of the United States Navy to bear the name Tang. She was built and launched in 1943, serving until being sunk by her own torpedo off China in the Taiwan Strait on 24 October 1944.

In her short career in the Pacific War, Tang sank 33 ships totalling 116,454 tons. Commander Richard O'Kane received the Medal of Honor for her last two engagements (23 and 24 October 1944).

Tang was sunk during the last engagement by a circular run of her final torpedo, going down in 180 ft (55 m) of water; 78 men were lost, and the 9 survivors were picked up by a Japanese frigate and taken as prisoners of war. This was the only known time that a Momsen lung was used to escape a sunken submarine.
Sidney Montagu, 11th Duke of Manchester
Sidney Arthur Robin George Drogo "Kim" Montagu, 11th Duke of Manchester (5 February 1929 – 3 June 1985) was a British hereditary peer, the son of the 10th Duke of Manchester and the elder brother of the 12th Duke.

Angus Montagu, 12th Duke of Manchester
Angus Charles Drogo Montagu, 12th Duke of Manchester (9 October 1938 – 25 July 2002), was a British hereditary peer. He inherited the Dukedom of Manchester in 1985 and was a member of the House of Lords until the House of Lords Act 1999. Until he inherited the dukedom, he was known by the courtesy title of Lord Angus Montagu.

Angus grew up in Britain, Ceylon and Kenya. After serving in the Royal Marines, he lived for some years in Australia from 1959 and had a number of jobs. He returned to England in the late 1960s. During middle age, he suffered from financial hardship and fell victim to a number of confidence tricks for which he took the blame. He was known for his friendly and outgoing personality, and his few speeches in the House of Lords were viewed positively.
Tochinishiki Kiyotaka
Tochinishiki Kiyotaka (Japanese: 栃錦 清隆; February 20, 1925 – January 10, 1990) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Tokyo. He was the sport's 44th yokozuna. He won ten top division yūshō or tournament championships and was a rival of fellow yokozuna Wakanohana I. He became the head coach of Kasugano stable in 1959 and was head of the Japan Sumo Association from 1974 until 1988.

Wakanohana Kanji I
Wakanohana Kanji (Japanese: 若乃花 幹士, Hepburn: Wakanohana Kanji; March 16, 1928 – September 1, 2010) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler. He was the sport's 45th yokozuna. He was a popular wrestler and was nicknamed the "Devil of the Dohyō" (土俵の鬼, Dohyō no Oni) due to his great fighting spirit and endurance.

Wakanohana's younger brother (by twenty-two years) was the late former ōzeki Takanohana Kenshi and he was the uncle of Wakanohana Masaru and Takanohana Kōji. He won ten top division yūshō or  tournament championships during his career and at a fighting weight of around 100 kg was one of the lightest yokozuna ever. He had a long-standing rivalry with Tochinishiki and was one of the most popular wrestlers of the 1950s. After his retirement in 1962 he established Futagoyama stable and was also head of the Japan Sumo Association from 1988 until 1992.
Snow goose
The snow goose (Anser caerulescens) is a species of goose native to North America. Both white and dark morphs exist, the latter often known as blue goose. Its name derives from the typically white plumage. The species was previously placed in the genus Chen, but is now typically included in the "gray goose" genus Anser.

Snow geese breed north of the timberline in Greenland, Canada, Alaska, and the northeastern tip of Siberia, and spend winters in warm parts of North America from southwestern British Columbia through parts of the United States to Mexico.

Anser (bird)
Anser is a waterfowl genus that includes the grey geese and the white geese. It belongs to the true goose and swan subfamily of Anserinae under the family of Anatidae. The genus has a Holarctic distribution, with at least one species breeding in any open, wet habitats in the subarctic and cool temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in summer. Some also breed farther south, reaching into warm temperate regions. They mostly migrate south in winter, typically to regions in the temperate zone between the January 0 °C (32 °F) and 5 °C (41 °F) isotherms.

The genus contains 11 living species.
Offences against military law in the United Kingdom
The main offences against military law in the United Kingdom are set out in the Armed Forces Act 2006.

The offences fall into two main categories, discipline offences and criminal conduct offences. A second distinction is between those offences that can be dealt with by a commanding officer in a summary hearing, and those that can only be heard by the Court Martial.

Military courts of the United Kingdom
The military courts of the United Kingdom are governed by the Armed Forces Act 2006.  The system set up under the Act applies to all three armed services: the Royal Navy (RN) (including the Royal Marines), the British Army, and the Royal Air Force (RAF), and replaces the three parallel systems that were previously in existence.

The military courts have jurisdiction over all members of the armed forces of the United Kingdom, and civilians subject to service discipline.
2008 Tennessee Senate election
The 2008 Tennessee State Senate election was held on November 4, 2008, to elect 16 of the 33 seats for the Tennessee's State Senate. The elections coincided with the Presidential, U.S. Senate, U.S. House, and State House elections. The primary elections were held on August 7, 2008.

Republicans gained 3 seats, reclaiming and expanding their majority that they gained in 2004.

2008 Tennessee House of Representatives election
The 2008 Tennessee House of Representatives election was held on November 4, 2008, to elect 99 seats for the Tennessee House of Representatives. The elections coincided with the Presidential, U.S. Senate, U.S. House, and State Senate elections. The primary elections were held on August 7, 2008.

Republicans gained 4 seats, gaining a slim majority in the chamber. At this time, Republicans had last won the House chamber in 1968.
Eugene Merle Shoemaker
Eugene Merle Shoemaker (April 28, 1928 – July 18, 1997) was an American geologist. He co-discovered Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 with his wife Carolyn S. Shoemaker and David H. Levy. This comet hit Jupiter in July 1994: the impact was televised around the world. Shoemaker also studied terrestrial craters, such as Barringer Meteor Crater in Arizona, and along with Edward Chao provided the first conclusive evidence of its origin as an impact crater. He was also the first director of the United States Geological Survey's Astrogeology Research Program.

He was killed in a car accident while visiting an impact crater site in Australia. After his death, some of his ashes were carried to the Moon with the Lunar Prospector mission.

Carolyn S. Shoemaker
Carolyn Jean Spellmann Shoemaker (June 24, 1929 – August 13, 2021) was an American astronomer and a co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9. She discovered 32 comets (then a record for the most by an individual) and more than 500 asteroids.

Having earned degrees in history, political science, and English literature, she had little interest in planetary science until she met and married geologist Eugene Merle Shoemaker. Her career in astronomy began when she demonstrated good stereoscopic vision, a particularly valuable quality for looking for objects in near-Earth space. Despite the fact that her degrees were not in science, having that visual ability motivated the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to hire her as a research assistant on a team led by her husband. She went on to making record-setting discoveries in the field of astronomy, as well as being awarded honorary degrees and many professional awards.
Hangman Hughes
Mike Hughes (born November 17, 1974) is a Canadian professional wrestler, better known by his ring name, Hangman Hughes. Hughes has competed on the North American independent promotions throughout the late 1990s and early 2000s as a co-founder and mainstay of Real Action Wrestling as part of the heel stable the "Kardinal Sinners" which includes "The Natural" Bobby Rude, Kingman and the Acadian Giant. Hughes briefly appeared with World Wrestling Entertainment in 2003 and performed for the Puerto Rico-based International Wrestling Association in the mid-2000s.

Brody Steele
Peter Smith (born August 5, 1967) is a Canadian professional wrestler, better known as his ring name, Brody Steele. Steele starred as one of the four leading characters in the Wrestling Reality documentary-reality television series that aired on the Fight Network in Canada.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Natchez
The Diocese of Natchez (Latin: Dioecesis Natchesium) was a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church; it was the predecessor of the Diocese of Jackson.  It served all of Mississippi until the state was split into two dioceses, Jackson and Biloxi.

The former cathedral for the Diocese of Natchez in Natchez, Mississippi is now a minor basilica. The diocese was under the patronage of Our Lady of Sorrows.

Diocese of Jackson
The Diocese of Jackson is a Latin Church diocese in Mississippi in the United States. Its ecclesiastical jurisdiction includes the northern and central parts of the state, an area of 97,458 square kilometers (37,629 sq mi). It is the largest diocese, by area, east of the Mississippi River.

The Diocese of Jackson is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Mobile. The bishop of Jackson, as of 2023, is Joseph Kopacz.
September 2043 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Saturday, September 19, 2043, with an umbral magnitude of 1.2575. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 2.8 days before perigee (on September 21, 2043, at 20:20 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.

This lunar eclipse is the second of a tetrad, with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being on March 25, 2043; March 13, 2044; and September 7, 2044.

March 2043 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Wednesday, March 25, 2043, with an umbral magnitude of 1.1161. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 3.4 days before apogee (on March 29, 2043, at 1:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be smaller.

This lunar eclipse is the first of a tetrad, with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being on September 19, 2043; March 13, 2044; and September 7, 2044.
1895 FA Cup final
The 1895 FA Cup final was contested by Aston Villa and West Bromwich Albion at Crystal Palace. Aston Villa won 1–0, with Bob Chatt being credited with scoring the fastest goal in FA Cup Final history, scored after just 30 seconds. This record would stand for 114 years before being broken by Louis Saha of Everton in the 2009 FA Cup Final with a goal after 25 seconds.

2009 FA Cup final
The 2009 FA Cup final was the 128th final of the world's oldest domestic football cup competition, the FA Cup. The final was played at Wembley Stadium in London on 30 May 2009 and marked the third time that the final has been staged at the stadium since it was rebuilt. The match was contested by Chelsea, who beat Arsenal 2–1 in their semi-final, and Everton who beat Manchester United 4–2 on penalties after a 0–0 draw after extra time. After Louis Saha opened the scoring after just 25 seconds, which is the second fastest ever goal in an FA Cup Final, Didier Drogba equalised in the 21st minute before Frank Lampard scored the winner with 19 minutes left to play to give Chelsea their fifth FA Cup success.
Ardrossan Montgomerie Pier railway station
Ardrossan Montgomerie Pier railway station was a railway station serving the town of Ardrossan, North Ayrshire, Scotland as part of the Lanarkshire and Ayrshire Railway (L&AR). The station was opened to compete with the Glasgow and South Western Railway (G&SWR) owned station at Winton Pier on the opposite side of the harbour.

Ardrossan Winton Pier railway station
Ardrossan Winton Pier railway station served the town of Ardrossan and its harbour, North Ayrshire, Scotland. The station allowed train passengers to link with the Caledonian MacBrayne (CalMac) ferry sailings to Brodick on the Isle of Arran and other destinations.
MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1
MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1, also known as Icarus, is a blue supergiant star observed through a gravitational lens. It is the seventh most distant individual star to have been detected so far (after Earendel, Godzilla, Mothra, Quyllur, star-1 and star-2), at approximately 14 billion light-years from Earth (redshift z=1.49; comoving distance of 14.4 billion light-years; lookback time of 9.34 billion years). Light from the star was emitted 4.4 billion years after the Big Bang. According to co-discoverer Patrick Kelly, the star is at least a hundred times more distant than the next-farthest non-supernova star observed, SDSS J1229+1122, and is the first magnified individual star seen.

WHL0137-LS
WHL0137-LS, also known as Earendel, is a star cluster or a star located in the constellation of Cetus. Discovered in 2022 with the Hubble Space Telescope, it has a comoving distance of 28 billion light-years (8.6 billion parsecs), making it the most distant known star if it is a single object. The previous farthest known star, MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1, also known as Icarus, at a comoving distance of 14.4 billion light-years (4.4 billion parsecs), was discovered by Hubble in 2018. However, further observations from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in the 2020s revealed that Earendel is more likely a star cluster. Objects like Earendel can be observed at cosmological distances thanks to the large magnification factors afforded by gravitational lensing, which can exceed 1,000. Other candidates stars have been observed through this technique, such as Godzilla, although controversies remain about their true nature.
Rayon
Rayon, also called viscose, is a semi-synthetic fiber made from natural sources of regenerated cellulose, such as wood and related agricultural products. It has the same molecular structure as cellulose. Many types and grades of rayon fibers and films exist. Some imitate the feel and texture of natural fibers such as silk, wool, cotton, and linen.  It can be woven or knitted to make textiles for clothing and other purposes.
Rayon production involves solubilizing cellulose fibers. Three common methods are as follows:

The cuprammonium process (obsolete), using ammoniacal solutions of copper salts

The viscose process (most common) using alkali and carbon disulfide

The Lyocell process, using amine oxide, avoids neurotoxic carbon disulfide but is more expensive

Cuprammonium rayon
Cuprammonium rayon is a rayon fiber made from cellulose dissolved in a cuprammonium solution, Schweizer's reagent.

It is produced by making cellulose a soluble compound by combining it with copper and ammonia with caustic soda. The solution is passed through a spinneret and the cellulose is regenerated in hardening baths that remove the copper and ammonia and neutralize the caustic soda. Cuprammonium rayon is usually made in fine filaments that are used in suit jacket linings as well as lightweight summer dresses and blouses, sometimes in combination with cotton to make textured fabrics with slubbed, uneven surfaces.

The fabric is commonly known by the trade name "Bemberg", owned by the J.P. Bemberg company. The fabric may also be known as "cupro" or "cupra". It is also known as "ammonia silk" on Chinese fashion retail websites.
Fiat 147
The Fiat 147 was a three-door hatchback subcompact car produced by Fiat in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais from autumn 1976 until 1987, when it was replaced by the Fiat Uno. It was the Brazilian variant of the Fiat 127. Some were also built by Sevel in Argentina (where later models were named Fiat Spazio, Brío and Vivace) until 1996, and assembly also took place in Colombia, Uruguay and Venezuela. It is notable for being the first modern car to use ethanol as fuel instead of petrol.

Fiat 127
The Fiat 127 is a supermini car produced by Italian car manufacturer Fiat from 1971 to 1983. It was introduced in 1971 as the replacement for the Fiat 850. Production of the 127 in Italy ended in 1983 following the introduction of its replacement, the Fiat Uno, although the nameplate continued to be used on cars imported from Brazil.

The 127, designed by Pio Manzù, is generally regarded as one of the most influential small cars of all time, and as the car which defined the modern supermini – with its body configuration and engineering template being followed in almost all B-segment cars that followed; transverse engine layout, with an end-on mounted transmission, front wheel drive, and a hatchback.
Perimeter fence
A perimeter fence system is a fence that visually demarcates and protects a property by blocking entry at the property's perimeter. The level of protection offered varies according to the threat to the perimeter. Different types of perimeter fencing include:

Chain-link fencing

Metal railings

Palisade fencing

Rolled mesh fencing

Timber fencing

Welded wire mesh fence fencing

Vertical bar fencing has been the most popular form of perimeter fence since the 1980s.  In the 2000s, welded wire mesh and acoustic barriers have become popular. Vertical bar, acoustic barriers and welded mesh are used in commercial projects and landmarks and transport hubs.

Sensors may be attached to the fence that generate alarms when they detect someone cutting, climbing, lifting or otherwise bypassing the fence.

Fence
A fence is a structure that encloses an area, typically outdoors creating a boundary, and is usually constructed from posts that are connected by boards, wire, rails or netting. A fence differs from a wall in not having a solid foundation along its whole length.

Alternatives to fencing include a ditch (sometimes filled with water, forming a moat).
Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999)
The Second Republic of the Congo Civil War, also known as the Second Brazzaville-Congolese Civil War, was the second of two ethnopolitical civil conflicts in the Republic of the Congo which lasted from 5 June 1997 to 29 December 1999. The war served as the continuation of the civil war of 1993–1994 and involved militias representing three political candidates. The conflict ended following the intervention of the Angolan military, which reinstated former president Denis Sassou Nguesso to power.

Republic of the Congo Civil War (1993–1994)
The First Republic of the Congo Civil War, also known as the First Brazzaville-Congolese Civil War, was a conflict in the Republic of the Congo which lasted from 2 November 1993 to 30 January 1994 and was between rival militias led by former politician Bernard Kolelas, former Prime Minister Pascal Lissouba, and former President Denis Sassou-Nguesso. It was one of four instances of militia fighting within the country, setting the stage for the next three conflicts in 1997, 1998–99, and 2002. The war was a direct result of unresolved claims of election fraud in the 1992 presidential election. The First Congo Civil War and the decade of conflict that followed resulted in the deaths of over 12,000 people and the displacement of 860,000 more.