hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Juggling
Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport. The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling. Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, most often using one or two hands but other body parts as well, like feet or head. Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props. The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings. Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws. The term juggling can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, plate spinning, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, hat manipulation and kick-ups.

Toss juggling
Toss juggling is the form of juggling which is most recognisable as 'juggling'. Toss juggling can be used as: a performing art, a sport, a form of exercise, as meditation, a recreational pursuit or hobby.

In toss juggling, objects — such as balls, bean bags, rings, clubs, etc. — are thrown or tossed into the air and caught. Toss juggling is a form of object manipulation.
Nilradical of a ring
In algebra, the nilradical of a  commutative ring is the ideal consisting of the nilpotent elements:

It is thus the radical of the zero ideal and is also denoted  or . If the nilradical is the zero ideal, the ring is called a reduced ring. The nilradical of a commutative ring is the intersection of all prime ideals.

In the non-commutative ring case the same definition does not always work. This has resulted in several radicals generalizing the commutative case in distinct ways; see the article Radical of a ring for more on this.

For Lie algebras there is a similar definition of nilradical.

Radical of a ring
In ring theory, a branch of mathematics, a radical of a ring is an ideal of "not-good" elements of the ring.

The first example of a radical was the nilradical introduced by Köthe (1930), based on a suggestion of Wedderburn (1908). In the next few years several other radicals were discovered, of which the most important example is the Jacobson radical. The general theory of radicals was defined independently by (Amitsur 1952, 1954, 1954b) and Kurosh (1953).

The study of radicals is called torsion theory.
Josef Kammhuber
Josef Kammhuber (August 19, 1896 – January 25, 1986) was a career officer who served in the Imperial German Army, the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany and the post-World War II German Air Force. During World War II, he was the first general of night fighters in the Luftwaffe.

Kammhuber created the night fighter defense system, the so-called Kammhuber Line, but the detailed knowledge of the system provided to the Royal Air Force by British military intelligence allowed them to render it ineffective. Personal battles between him and Erhard Milch, director of the Reich Air Ministry, led to his dismissal in 1943. After the war, he joined the Bundeswehr, the armed forces of West Germany serving as the first Inspector of the Air Force.

Inspector of the Air Force (Germany)
The Inspector of the Air Force (German: Inspekteur der Luftwaffe) is the commander of the Air Force of the modern-day German Armed Forces, the Bundeswehr. The Inspector is responsible for the readiness of personnel and materiel in the German Air Force, in that function reports directly to the Federal Minister of Defence. The current Inspector is Holger Neumann, appointed on 27 May 2025.

The Inspector of the Air Force is the chief of the Air Force Command, based in Gatow, Berlin. They sit under the General Inspector of the Bundeswehr and are a member of the Defence Council for Bundeswehr-wide matters. Both the Inspector and their deputy hold the rank of lieutenant general (German: Generalleutnant) while in office, although the first Inspector, Josef Kammhuber, was an exception, holding the rank of full general as a reward for his efforts to build up a new German Luftwaffe.
Jabal Soudah
Jabal Soudah (Arabic: جَبَل ٱلسُّوْدَة jabal as-sūda, pronounced [dʒabal asːawda]) is a peak in the Soudah mountains in Saudi Arabia. Jabal Soudah is officially recognized by the Saudi authorities as the highest point in Saudi Arabia, with an elevation of 3,015 metres (9,892 ft), though a 2018 survey measured an elevation of 2,999 metres (9,839 ft), slightly lower than Jabal Ferwa at 3,002 metres (9,849 ft).

The village of Al-Soudah is located nearby. The town is a tourist centre and has a cable car to the top of the mountain.

Al Soudah
Soudah (Arabic: ٱلسّوْدَة) is a mountainous area in the Asir Province of Saudi Arabia. At 3,015 metres (9,893 ft) above sea level, it includes Saudi Arabia’s highest peak, Jabal Soudah. The area is known for its dense juniper tree covered mountains.
Rhonda Ross Kendrick
Rhonda Ross Kendrick (born Rhonda Suzanne Silberstein; August 14, 1971) is an American singer and actress. Kendrick is the daughter of singer and actress Diana Ross and Motown Records founder Berry Gordy. She was raised by her mother and Robert Ellis Silberstein, who had married Ross before she was born.

Robert Ellis Silberstein
Robert Ellis Silberstein (born January 5, 1946), also known as Bob Ellis, is an American music executive and businessman. During his career, he managed many musicians, including his ex-wife Diana Ross, Billy Preston, Rufus, the Rolling Stones, Ronnie Wood, Meat Loaf and Status Quo.
Samar Raion
Samar Raion (Ukrainian: Самарівський район), until 2024 known as Novomoskovsk Raion (Ukrainian: Новомосковський район), is a raion (district) of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, southeastern-central Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located at Samar. Population: 167,526 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Novomoskovsk Raion was significantly expanded. One abolished raion, Mahdalynivka Raion, as well as the city of Novomoskovsk (which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion), were merged into Novomoskovsk Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 71,613 (2020 est.).

On 19 September 2024, the Verkhovna Rada voted to rename Novomoskovsk Raion to Samar Raion.

Samar, Ukraine
Samar (Ukrainian: Самар [sɐˈmɑr]), formerly known as Novomoskovsk (Ukrainian: Новомосковськ) until 2024, is a city and municipality in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine. It serves as the administrative centre of Samar Raion within the oblast. Samar is located predominantly on the right bank of the Samara River, a left tributary of the Dnieper River. The city is located 27 kilometres (17 mi) from the administrative center of the oblast, Dnipro. As of January 2022, Samar's population was approximately 69,855.
Italy men's national basketball team
The Italy men's national basketball team (Italian: Nazionale di pallacanestro dell'Italia) represents Italy in international basketball tournaments. They are administered by the Italian Basketball Federation (FIP).

Italy has qualified for 39 EuroBasket tournaments, winning two gold medals (1983, 1999), four silver medals (1937, 1946, 1991, 1997), and four bronze medals (1971, 1975, 1985, 2003) as achievements. While Italy has made ten trips to the World Cup, the closest they have come to winning a medal was in 1970 and 1978, where they finished fourth. In 13 attempts at the Summer Olympics, Italy has earned two silver medals, in 1980 and 2004.

Currently, Italy is ranked 14th in the FIBA World Ranking.

Basketball at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's basketball tournament at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece began on 15 August and ended on 28 August, when Argentina defeated Italy 84–69 for the gold medal. The games were held at the Helliniko Olympic Indoor Arena and Olympic Indoor Hall.
Wedding of Prince Felipe and Letizia Ortiz
The wedding of Felipe, Prince of Asturias and Letizia Ortiz was held on 22 May 2004 in the Almudena Cathedral at the Royal Palace of Madrid, Spain. At the time of the wedding, the groom was the heir to the Spanish throne. The bride was a journalist. The wedding was presided over by the archbishop of Madrid, Antonio María Rouco Varela, and was watched by 25 million people in Spain alone.

More than 1200 guests attended the wedding, including 36 royal houses and heads of state, including Prince Albert of Monaco; Charles, Prince of Wales, and the Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden.

The wedding was the first state wedding in Spain for more than 50 years. It was also the first wedding to be held in the Almudena Cathedral, which was consecrated in 1993.

Antonio María Rouco Varela
Antonio María Rouco Varela (born 20 August 1936) is a Spanish Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Madrid from 1994 to 2014. He was made a cardinal in 1998. Rouco was president of the Episcopal Conference of Spain from 1999 to 2005 and again from 2008 to 2014.
Helen Liddell
Helen Lawrie Liddell, Baroness Liddell of Coatdyke PC (née Reilly; born 6 December 1950) is a British politician and life peer who served as Secretary of State for Scotland from 2001 to 2003 and British High Commissioner to Australia from 2005 to 2009. A member of the Labour Party, she was Member of Parliament (MP) for Airdrie and Shotts, previously Monklands East, from 1994 to 2005.

1994 Monklands East by-election
The 1994 Monklands East by-election was held on 30 June 1994, following the death of the Leader of the Labour Party John Smith, Member of Parliament (MP) for Monklands East in Scotland, on 12 May.

Monklands East was considered a safe Labour seat; John Smith had held it since its creation in 1983, and had previously held the predecessor seat of North Lanarkshire, which had been held by Labour since the 1945 general election.  In the 1992 general election, Smith had won more than 60% of the vote in the constituency, with most of the remaining votes split fairly evenly between the Scottish National Party and the Conservative Party.
Ledyard, Connecticut
Ledyard (/ˈlɛdʒɜːrd/ LEH-jerd) is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States, located along the Thames River. The town is named after Colonel William Ledyard, a Revolutionary War officer who was killed at the Battle of Groton Heights. The town is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 15,413 at the 2020 census. The Foxwoods Resort Casino, owned and operated by the Mashantucket Pequot Tribe, is located in the northeastern section of Ledyard, on the reservation owned by the tribe.

Ledyard's zip code is 06339. Within the southwestern area of Ledyard is the district known as Gales Ferry, which has the postal code 06335. In the northeast is Mashantucket, with the postal code 06338.

Mashantucket, Connecticut
Mashantucket is a census-designated place (CDP) in the northeastern part of the town of Ledyard, New London County, Connecticut, United States. It consists of land held by the Mashantucket Pequot Tribe. The Foxwoods Resort Casino is in the northeast part of the CDP, along Connecticut Route 2. As of the 2010 census, the CDP had a population of 299.
2010–11 figure skating season
The 2010–11 figure skating season began on July 1, 2010, and ended on June 30, 2011. During this season, elite skaters competed on the ISU Championship level at the 2011 European, Four Continents, World Junior, and World Championships. They also competed in elite competitions such as the Grand Prix series and Junior Grand Prix series, culminating in the Grand Prix Final.

2011 World Figure Skating Championships
The 2011 World Figure Skating Championships was a senior international figure skating competition in the 2010–11 season. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

The competition was originally assigned to Nagano, Japan, and later moved to Tokyo, to be held from March 21–27 at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium with the Japan Skating Federation as the host organization. It was postponed in the wake of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami and later reassigned to Moscow, Russia.
Ardress House
Ardress House is a country house in Annaghmore, County Armagh, in Northern Ireland. The house was owned by the Clarke, then Ensor families, including the writer and lawyer George Ensor. The estate, which includes orchards, a farm and a dairy, borders the River Tall. Collections within the house include eighteenth-century paintings and furniture. In 1959, the National Trust acquired Ardress from Captain Charles Ensor with support from the Ulster Land Fund.

George Ensor
George Ensor J.P. (17 December 1769 – 3 December 1843) was an Irish lawyer, radical political pamphleteer and freethinker. Among other conservative precepts, he pilloried the Malthusian doctrine that poverty is sustained by the "disposition to breed". As a hindrance to enterprise and prosperity, he pointed rather to the tyranny of concentrated wealth. In Ireland, it was a condition he believed could be reversed only through popular representation in a restored parliament. Ensor further outraged prevailing opinion by inveighing against the constitutional ascendancy not merely (as a supporter of Catholic emancipation) of Protestantism, but more broadly of the Christian religion. He argued that questions of morality and social justice cannot be addressed within a theology of salvation through faith.
Dmitry Orlov (ice hockey)
Dmitry Vladimirovich Orlov (Russian: Дмитрий Владимирович Орлов; born 23 July 1991) is a Russian professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Orlov was selected 55th overall in the second round of the 2009 NHL entry draft by the Washington Capitals, with whom he won the Stanley Cup in 2018 after defeating the Vegas Golden Knights in the finals. He represents Russia in international competition, winning gold medals at the 2011 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships and the 2014 IIHF World Championship. He has also played for the Boston Bruins and Carolina Hurricanes.

2011 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships
The 2011 IIHF World U20 Championship, commonly referred to as the 2011 World Junior Hockey Championships (2011 WJHC), was the 35th edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship and was hosted by the United States. The games were played in Western New York, at HSBC Arena in Buffalo and Niagara University's Dwyer Arena in Lewiston. Russia won their 4th gold medal and 13th overall with a 5–3 victory over Canada in the championship game, after completing the biggest comeback in the WJHC history; being down 3–0 after two periods, the Russians scored five goals in the third period to capture their first WJHC gold medal since 2003. The host team, the United States, won the bronze medal with a 4–2 win over Sweden.
PR-CV 100
The route PR-CV 100 is a short-distance footpath of the Valencian Community (Spain) that goes from Ròtova (Valencia) to the Monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba, in Alfauir (Valencia), crossing different natural places and monuments, saws, rivers, etc., all of them of great landscape and cultural interest.

The official name of the route PR-CV 100 is "Rotova's Paths - The ways of the Marchuquera Saw". The route was promoted by the "Centre Excursioniste de Ròtova" and authorized by the Federation of Mountain's Sports and Climbing of the Valencian Community (FEMECV).

Monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba
The Monastery of Sant Jeroni de Cotalba (Valencian pronunciation: [ˈsaɲ dʒeˈɾɔni ðe koˈtalba]; Spanish: San Jerónimo de Cotalba, "Saint Jerome of Cotalba") is a monastic building of Valencian Gothic, Mudéjar, Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical styles constructed between the 14th and 18th centuries, located in the municipal area of Alfauir, (Valencia), Spain, about 8 km. from the well-known city of Gandia.
Sealdah - Jalpaiguri Road Humsafar Express
The Sealdah - Jalpaiguri Road Humsafar Express is a superfast Humsafar Express train of the Indian Railways connecting Sealdah in Kolkata, West Bengal and Jalpaiguri Road  in Jalpaiguri,West Bengal. It is currently being operated with the train numbers 13115/13116 on a weekly basis.

Jalpaiguri Road railway station
Jalpaiguri Road railway station is one of the four railway station serving Jalpaiguri city in Jalpaiguri district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The others are: Jalpaiguri City, Mohitnagar/Jalpaiguri Halt, and Raninagar Jalpaiguri Junction railway station. It is a newly built station, connecting the Barauni–Guwahati line and the New Mal–New Changrabandha–New Cooch Behar line. Jalpaiguri Road Railway Station (JPE) was established in 1964. Operated by Northeast Frontier Railway. Jalpaiguri Road Railway Station (JPE) is located almost in the middle of the district. The nearest road to Jalpaiguri Road station is "Jalpaiguri - Siliguri State highway" and Four-lane East-West Corridor (National Highway) at a distance of 1 km. This station is part of the re-development project under Amrit Bharat Station Scheme.
Kohat Division
Kohat Division is one of the seven divisions in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It consists of five districts: Hangu, Karak, Kohat, Kurram, and Orakzai. The division borders Bannu Division to the south and west, Peshawar Division to the north and east, the province of Punjab to the east, and Afghanistan to the northwest. CNIC code of Kohat Division is 14.

Divisions of Pakistan
The administrative units of Pakistan contains four provinces, two administrative territories of the Kashmir region and a capital territory. The provinces and administrative territories are subdivided into 37 divisions. These divisions are further subdivided into districts, tehsils, and finally union councils. The divisions were abolished in 2000, but restored in 2008.

These divisions do not include the Islamabad Capital Territory. The formerly Federally Administered Tribal Areas, which were counted at the same level as provinces, have been subsumed into the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and allocated to neighbouring divisions therein in 2018.
Crafty Games
Crafty Games is an American publisher of tabletop games based on espionage and fantasy themes, particularly Mistborn and Spycraft. The company was founded by the creative team behind the Classic Spycraft and Spycraft 2.0 RPGs, shortly after both lines were shut down by then-publisher Alderac Entertainment Group. Since its inception, Crafty Games has published over 50 products in print and PDF format. Crafty Games' work on Spycraft 2.0 has won nominations for the Diana Jones Award and 4 ENnie Awards in 2006.

Spycraft (role-playing game)
Spycraft is a d20 and OGL-based role-playing game dealing with superspies and modern action. Originally published by the Alderac Entertainment Group (AEG), it is currently published under licence by Crafty Games.
Dawnie Walton
Dawnie Walton (born 1976 or 1977) is an American journalist and novelist. She is known for her novel, The Final Revival of Opal & Nev, which won the 2022 Aspen Words Literary Prize, the 2022 VCU Cabell First Novelist Award, and was longlisted for the Women's Prize for Fiction.

First Novelist Award
The VCU Cabell First Novelist Award is an American literary award for debut novels. It has been presented annually since 2002 on behalf of Virginia Commonwealth University's MFA in Creative Writing Program.

Nominations are solicited from MFA programs nationwide as well as from publishers, editors, agents, and writers. The prize includes $5000 cash and participation in an on-campus event in Richmond, Virginia that focuses on the creation, publication, and promotion processes involved with a first novel. The award is more formally known as the "Virginia Commonwealth University Cabell First Novelist Award."
Haplodesmidae
Haplodesmidae is a family of millipedes in the order Polydesmida. This family includes more than 70 species. Species occur in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Oceania, although some species have been introduced to the New world tropics.

Inodesmus
Inodesmus is a genus of millipedes in the family Haplodesmidae, first described by Orator F. Cook in 1896. The type species is I. jamaicensis. This genus exhibits a disjunct distribution, with species found in Colombia, Jamaica, New Caledonia, and the Australian states of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia.
Amherst, New York
Amherst (/ˈæmhərst/ ⓘ) is a town in Erie County, New York, United States. It is a suburb of Buffalo. As of 2020, the town had a total population of 129,595. This represents an increase from 122,366 as reported in the 2010 census. It is the 14th most populated municipality in New York.

The second-largest in area and the most populous suburb of Buffalo, the town of Amherst encompasses the village of Williamsville as well as the hamlets of Eggertsville, Getzville, Snyder, Swormville, and East Amherst. The town is in the northern part of Erie County and borders a section of the Erie Canal.

Amherst is home to the north campus of the University at Buffalo, a campus of Erie Community College, a satellite campus of Bryant & Stratton College, and Daemen University.

Tonawanda (town), New York
Tonawanda (formally the Town of Tonawanda; Tuscarora: Tahnawáteh) is a town in Erie County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 72,636. The town is at the north border of the county and is the northern inner ring suburb of Buffalo. It is sometimes referred to, along with its constituent village of Kenmore, as "Ken-Ton". The town was established in 1836, and up to 1903 it included what is now the city of Tonawanda.
Gresham Wagner
Gresham Wagner (born August 21, 1997) is an American racing driver who competes in the Mazda MX-5 Cup and Toyota GR Cup North America.

He was the 2021 and 2024 champion of the Mazda MX-5 Cup, the 2024 champion of the Toyota GR Cup, as well as the TCA class champion of the TC America Series in 2022.

2024 Mazda MX-5 Cup
The 2024 Whelen Mazda MX-5 Cup Presented By Michelin is a single-make motor racing championship, the 20th season of the Mazda MX-5 Cup and the 4th under a new sanctioning agreement with the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA). The series began on January 24 at Daytona International Speedway, and concluded on October 11 at Michelin Raceway Road Atlanta after 14 rounds. Jared Thomas is the defending champion. Gresham Wagner became champion at season's end.
Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan
Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ খেলাফত আন্দোলন, lit. 'Bangladesh Caliphate Movement') is an Islamist political party in Bangladesh, founded by Hafezzi Huzur after the 1981 Bangladeshi presidential election. Hafezzi Huzur had been a presidential candidate in 1981. He came third, scoring 387,215 votes (1.79%). His candidacy was supported by the Islamic Republican Party and Bangladesh Justice Party.

The support of the party is largely confined to conservative sectors of ulema. The amir of the party is Habibullah Mianji and the general secretary is Yousuf Sadeq Haqqani.

Muhammadullah Hafezzi
Muhammadullah Hafezzi (1895 – 6 May 1987), commonly known as Hafezzī Huzūr, was a Bangladeshi politician, Islamic leader and founder of the Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan. He was the first religious figure to stand for the highest state office in Bangladesh.