hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alfonso XI of Castile
Alfonso XI (11 August 1311 – 26 March 1350), called the Avenger (el Justiciero), was King of Castile and León. He was the son of Ferdinand IV of Castile and his wife Constance of Portugal. Upon his father's death in 1312, several disputes ensued over who would hold regency, which were resolved in 1313.

Once Alfonso was declared an adult in 1325, he began a reign that would serve to strengthen royal power and became known for his victory in the Battle of Rio Salado. While leading a siege against Yusuf I of Granada, he died of the plague in Gibraltar.

Battle of Río Salado
The Battle of Río Salado also known as the Battle of Tarifa (30 October 1340) was a battle between the armies of King Afonso IV of Portugal and King Alfonso XI of Castile against those of Sultan Abu al-Hasan 'Ali of the Marinids and Yusuf I of the Granada.
Treaty of the Pyrenees
The Treaty of the Pyrenees was signed on 7 November 1659 and ended the Franco-Spanish War that had begun in 1635.

Negotiations were conducted and the treaty was signed on Pheasant Island, situated in the middle of the Bidasoa River on the border between the two countries, which has remained a French-Spanish condominium ever since. It was signed by Louis XIV of France and Philip IV of Spain, as well as their chief ministers, Cardinal Mazarin and Don Luis Méndez de Haro.

Philip IV of Spain
Philip IV (Spanish: Felipe Domingo Victor de la Cruz de Austria y Austria, Portuguese: Filipe III; 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: Rey Planeta), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the arts, including such artists as Diego Velázquez, and his rule over Spain during the Thirty Years' War.

By the time of his death, the Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometres (4.7 million square miles) in area, the largest empire in the world, but in other aspects was in decline, a process to which Philip contributed with his inability to achieve successful domestic and military reform. He was succeeded on his death by his young son Charles II as King of Spain and in 1640 (with the collapse of the Iberian Union) by John IV as King of Portugal.
Starehe Boys' Centre and School
Starehe Boys' Centre and School (popularly known as "Starehe") is a partial-board, boys-only school in Nairobi, Kenya. The school was founded in 1959 by Dr. Geoffrey William Griffin, MBS, OBE, Geoffrey Gatama Geturo and Joseph Kamiru Gikubu. It started as a rescue centre in Nairobi. The school is a member of the Round Square network of schools.

Joseph Kamiru Gikubu
Joseph Kamiru Gikubu (1934 – 8 May 2014) was a Kenyan educationist and co-founder of the Starehe Boys' Centre. He was also an active member of the Kenya Land and Freedom Army, also known as Mau Mau, during the struggle for independence against British colonists.
Khortytsia
Khortytsia (Ukrainian: Хортиця, pronounced [ˈxɔrtɪtsʲɐ]) is the largest island on the Dnieper River, and is 12.5 km (7.77 mi) long and up to 2.5 km (1.55 mi) wide. The island forms part of the Khortytsia National Reserve. This historic site is located within the city limits of Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine.

The island has played an important role in the history of Ukraine, especially in the history of the Zaporozhian Cossacks. The island has unique flora and fauna, including oak groves, spruce woods, meadows, and steppe. The northern part of the island is very rocky and high (rising 30 m or 98 ft above the river bed) in comparison to the southern part, which is low, and often flooded by the waters of the Dnieper.

Zaporizhzhia
Zaporizhzhia, formerly known as Aleksandrovsk or Oleksandrivsk until 1921, is a city in southeast Ukraine, situated on the banks of the Dnieper River. It is the administrative centre of Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Zaporizhzhia has a population of 710,052 (2022 estimate).

Zaporizhzhia is known for the historic island of Khortytsia, multiple power stations and for being an important industrial centre. Steel, aluminium, aircraft engines, automobiles, transformers for substations, and other heavy industrial goods are produced in the region.
Hope Vale, Queensland
Hope Vale (also written as Hopevale) is a town within the Aboriginal Shire of Hope Vale and a coastal locality split between the Aboriginal Shire of Hope Vale and the Shire of Cook, both in Queensland, Australia. It is an Aboriginal community. In the 2021 census, the locality of Hope Vale had a population of 1,004 people.

Cooktown, Queensland
Cooktown is a coastal town and locality in the Shire of Cook, Queensland, Australia. Cooktown is at the mouth of the Endeavour River, on Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland where James Cook beached his ship, the Endeavour, for repairs in 1770. Both the town and Mount Cook (431 metres or 1,415 feet) which rises up behind the town were named after James Cook.

Cooktown is one of the few large towns in the Cape York Peninsula and was founded on 25 October 1873 as a supply port for the goldfields along the Palmer River. It was called "Cook's Town" until 1 June 1874.

In the 2021 census, the locality of Cooktown had a population of 2,746 people.
Lefkada
Lefkada (Greek: Λευκάδα, Lefkáda, [lefˈkaða]), also known as Lefkas or Leukas (Ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Λευκάς, Leukás, modern pronunciation Lefkás) and Leucadia, is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea on the west coast of Greece, connected to the mainland by a long causeway and floating bridge. The principal town of the island and seat of the municipality is Lefkada. It is situated in the northern part of the island, approximately 25 minutes by automobile away from Aktion National Airport. The island is part of the regional unit of Lefkada.

Aktion National Airport
Aktion National Airport (IATA: PVK, ICAO: LGPZ) is an airport serving Preveza and Lefkada in Greece. It is also known as Preveza Airport. It is also used by NATO and Hellenic Air Force Command. The airport commenced operations in 1968.
Scott Flanders
Scott N. Flanders (born-December 26, 1956) is an American corporate executive in the media, entertainment and technology industries. He is chief executive officer and long-term member of the board of directors at eHealth, Inc., a role he assumed in May 2016.  He formerly was CEO of Playboy Enterprises, and held CEO positions at Macmillan Publishers, Telstreet, Freedom Communications, and Columbia House.

EHealthInsurance
eHealth, Inc., doing business as eHealthInsurance, is a publicly traded online marketplace for health insurance, organized in Delaware and based in Santa Clara, California. The company primarily provides plans related to Medicare such as prescription drug plans, Medigap, and Medicare Advantage plans. The company also sells individual plans, competing with health insurance marketplaces. The company sells plans in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia from 170 health insurance carriers.  Its large staff of licensed agents assist consumers with little or no computer experience with their online enrollments.

The company has a corporate office in Santa Clara, California, and satellite offices in Gold River, California, Salt Lake City, Utah, Austin, Texas  and Indianapolis, Indiana.
Oklahoma State Highway 32
State Highway 32 (SH-32 or OK-32) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The highway runs from west to east across the southern part of the state, just north of the Red River. The route begins at US-81 in Ryan and ends at US-70 in Kingston, a length of 77.3 miles (124.4 km).

SH-32 was first added to the state highway system at the end of 1934; none of the highway as created is part of the present-day SH-32 (having been encroached upon by US-70). SH-32 is also linked with SH-199—part of SH-32 was spun off to create SH-199 in 1938.

Oklahoma State Highway 99
State Highway 99 (SH-99) is a north–south state highway through central Oklahoma. It runs from the Texas state line at Lake Texoma to the Kansas state line near Lake Hulah. It is 241.5 miles (388.7 km) long. The highway overlaps U.S. Highway 377 (US-377) for over half its length.

SH-99 continues as K-99 after crossing the border into Kansas. This road continues for 233 miles (375 km) to the Nebraska border, where it becomes Nebraska Highway 99, which lasts an additional 14 miles (23 km). Thus, SH-99 is part of a triple-state highway numbered "99", which lasts a total of 488 miles (785 km).

SH-99 began as SH-48, a short highway connecting Ada to Holdenville. This highway was gradually expanded until it became a border-to-border route. In 1938, it was renumbered to match K-99, which was renumbered from K-11 the same day.
Misprision
The term misprision (from Old French: mesprendre, modern French: se méprendre, "to misunderstand") in English law describes certain kinds of offence. Writers on criminal law usually divide misprision into two kinds: negative and positive.

It survives in the law of England and Wales and Northern Ireland only in the term misprision of treason.

Misprision of treason
Misprision of treason is an offence found in many common law jurisdictions around the world, having been inherited from English law. It is committed by someone who knows a treason is being or is about to be committed but does not report it to a proper authority.
Middleton Island Air Force Station
Middleton Island Air Force Station (AAC ID: F-22) is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station.  It was located on Middleton Island, in the Gulf of Alaska, 173 miles (278 km) south  of Anchorage, Alaska. It operated for five years, from May 1958 to May 1963. Since the 1970s, it has been repurposed by the Middleton Island Marine Biological Station to study seabirds and other flora and fauna.

Middleton Island
Middleton Island  is an island in the U.S. state of Alaska, located in the Pacific Ocean approximately 80 miles (130 km) southwest of Cordova.  Most of the acreage on the island is owned by Chugach Alaska Corporation, a for-profit corporation. The island is also home of the unattended 200-acre (81 ha) Middleton Island Airport and NEXRAD weather radar (FAA), and the privately owned 182-acre (74 ha) Middleton Island Marine Biological Station with researchers resident year-round.

A World War II-era American transport ship beached on the island in 1942 where the wreck is still intact. The island was briefly home to Middleton Island Air Force Station, an early warning radar station, from 1958 until the station's closure in 1963. During the 1964 Alaska earthquake the island rose an additional 12 feet (3.7 m) above sea level expanding its acreage by about 45%.
NZGSS Hinemoa
NZGSS Hinemoa was a 542-ton New Zealand Government Service Steamer designed specifically for lighthouse support and servicing, and also for patrolling New Zealand's coastline and carrying out castaway checks and searching for missing ships. It operated in New Zealand's territorial waters from 1876 to 1944.

It was instrumental in supplying many of the government castaway depots on the remote subantarctic islands, and rescuing a number of shipwreck victims, including those from the wreck of the Dundonald, the Anjou and the Spirit of the Dawn.

Castaway depot
A castaway depot is a store or hut placed on an isolated island to provide emergency supplies and relief for castaways and victims of shipwrecks.

A string of depots were built by the New Zealand government on their subantarctic islands in the late-19th and early-20th centuries that were kept supplied and patrolled until modern technologies and alteration in trade routes rendered them unnecessary.
Aboriginals Protection and Restriction of the Sale of Opium Act 1897
The Aboriginals Protection and Restriction of the Sale of Opium Act 1897 (Qld), was an Act of the Parliament of Queensland. It was the first instrument of separate legal control over Aboriginal peoples, and was more restrictive than any contemporary legislation operating in other states. It also implemented the creation of Aboriginal reserves to control the dwelling places and movement of the people.

Amendments and various pieces of replacement legislation were passed in the 20th century, but it was not until passage of the Aboriginal Land Act 1991 and Torres Strait Islander Act 1991 that the main features of the 1897 Act regarding control of land and people were replaced.

Aboriginal reserve
An Aboriginal reserve, also called simply reserve, was a government-sanctioned settlement for Aboriginal Australians, created under various state and federal legislation. Along with missions and other institutions, they were used from the 19th century to the 1960s to keep Aboriginal people separate from the white Australian population. The governments passed laws related to such reserves that gave them much power over all aspects of Aboriginal people’s lives.

Protectors of Aborigines and (later) Aboriginal Protection Boards were appointed to look after the interests of the Aboriginal people.
Hyundai i30
The Hyundai i30 is a small family car manufactured by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai Motor Company since 2006. The i30 shares its platform with the Kia Ceed, available as a three-door hatchback (2012–2017), five-door hatchback, five-door estate and five-door liftback (2017–present), with a choice of three petrol engines and two diesel engines, either with manual or automatic transmission.

The i30 was marketed alongside the fifth-generation Hyundai Elantra in the United States and Canada until the end of 2020.  While initially the i30 wagon was sold as the Elantra Touring, in 2012 it was replaced by the i30 hatchback, carrying Elantra GT badging. The second-generation i30 was introduced in September 2011 at the Frankfurt Motor Show.

Hyundai Motor Company
Hyundai Motor Company, often referred to as Hyundai Motors (Korean: 현대자동차) and commonly known as Hyundai (현대; [ˈhjəːndɛ]; 'modernity'), is a South Korean multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, which was founded in 1967. Currently, the company owns 33.88 percent of Kia Corporation, and owns a luxury cars subsidiary, Genesis. The three brands altogether make up the Hyundai Motor Group.

Hyundai operates the second largest automobile manufacturing facility in the world in Ulsan, South Korea which has an annual production capacity of 1.6 million units. The company employs approximately 75,000 people worldwide. Hyundai vehicles are sold in 193 countries through 5,000 dealerships and showrooms. As of November 2024, Hyundai is the world's third-largest carmaker in terms of production, behind competitors Toyota and Volkswagen.
George Lyon (golfer)
George Seymour Lyon (July 27, 1858 – May 11, 1938) was a Canadian golfer, an Olympic gold medalist in golf, an eight-time Canadian Amateur Championship winner, and a member of Canada's Sports Hall of Fame. He worked in the insurance industry.

Canadian Amateur Championship
The Canadian Amateur Championship, begun in 1895, is the men's amateur golf championship of Canada. It is staged annually by Golf Canada. It was played at match play until 1968, went to stroke play beginning in 1969, and reverted to match play in 1995. It then returned to stroke play in 2008.
TGTC (The Greater Than Club)
TGTC (The Greater Than Club) is the debut studio album by rap group Fly Union. The album was released on iTunes and as a free digital download through their website on April 26, 2011 Since the album's initial release, it has been licensed through Hype Music. A digital copy of TGTC is currently available for purchase on iTunes and Amazon. A physical copy of the album is also available for purchase on Fly Union's website. To date, the album has generated over 100,000 downloads.

Fly Union
Fly Union (sometimes stylized as Fly.Union) were an American hip hop group from Columbus, Ohio. The group consists of production duo MnkeyWrench (Iyeball and Jay Swifa) and rapper Jerreau. Rapper Vada Azeem was also a founder and member of the collective before leaving the group in 2008. They are most notable for their debut studio album, TGTC (The Greater Than Club), which reached the number one spot on iTunes' New Hip Hop chart in 2011.
Bras de Ross
The Bras de Ross (English: Ross's Arm) is a tributary of Brébeuf Lake, flowing in the municipality of Ferland-et-Boilleau and Rivière-Éternité, in the Le Fjord-du-Saguenay Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, in the province of Quebec, in Canada. The lower part of the Ross Valley is integrated into the zec du Lac-Bébeuf.

The "Bras de Ross" Valley is served by Chemin du Lac-Brébeuf which serves the southwest shore of Brébeuf Lake, for forestry, agriculture and recreotourism activities. Some secondary forest roads serve this valley.

Forestry is the main economic activity in the sector; recreational tourism, second.

The surface of "Bras de Ross" is usually frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, however the safe circulation on the ice is generally done from mid-December to mid-March.

Brébeuf Lake
The Brébeuf Lake is a body of water tributary of the Saint-Jean River. It is in the municipality of Rivière-Éternité, Quebec, Canada.

The Brébeuf Lake is integrated into the zec du Lac-au-Sable, a controlled exploitation zone.

The southwest part of Brébeuf Lake is served by a forest road from the village of Saint-Félix-d'Otis where it connects to route 170. Few other secondary forest roads serve the lake sector for forestry and recreational tourism activities.

Forestry is the main economic activity in the sector; recreational tourism, second.

The surface of Brébeuf Lake is usually frozen from the end of November to the beginning of April, however safe circulation on the ice is generally made from mid-December to the end of March.
Honda NSR500V
The Honda NSR500V is a race motorcycle from the Honda NSR series. It was designed and manufactured by HRC and debuted in 1996 for the Grand Prix motorcycle racing's 500 cc class. The bike was conceived by Honda to be a viable machine for privateer teams to enter the class.

Honda NSR500
The Honda NSR500 is a road racing motorcycle created by HRC (Honda Racing Corporation) and debuted in 1984 for the Grand Prix motorcycle racing's 500 cc class. Honda won ten 500cc World Championships with the NSR500 from 1984 to 2002, with six in a row from 1994 to 1999. With more than 100 wins to its credit, the NSR500 is the most dominant force in modern Grand Prix motorcycle racing. The 1989 NSR500 that won Honda's third 500 World Championship with Eddie Lawson exemplifies the overwhelming power, acceleration and raw speed that has always been synonymous with Honda's 500 cc two-stroke V4.
Telethonin
Telethonin, also known as Tcap, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TCAP gene. Telethonin is expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle at Z-discs and functions to regulate sarcomere assembly, T-tubule function and apoptosis. Telethonin has been implicated in several diseases, including limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy and idiopathic cardiomyopathy.

T-tubule
T-tubules (transverse tubules) are extensions of the cell membrane that penetrate into the center of skeletal and cardiac muscle cells.   With membranes that contain large concentrations of ion channels, transporters, and pumps, T-tubules permit rapid transmission of the action potential into the cell, and also play an important role in regulating cellular calcium concentration.

Through these mechanisms, T-tubules allow heart muscle cells to contract more forcefully by synchronising calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell.  T-tubule structure and function are affected beat-by-beat by cardiomyocyte contraction, as well as by diseases, potentially contributing to heart failure and arrhythmias. Although these structures were first seen in 1897, research into T-tubule biology is ongoing.
2024 Green Party presidential primaries
The 2024 Green Party presidential primaries and caucuses are a series of electoral contests to elect delegates to the 2024 Green National Convention who will choose the Green Party's presidential nominee in the 2024 presidential election. The convention was held as a virtual event from August 15 to 18, 2024.

2024 Green National Convention
The 2024 Green National Convention was a political event to select the Green Party of the United States nominees for president and vice president in the 2024 election. It was held on August 15–18, 2024, taking place as a virtual event. The party's delegates formally nominated Jill Stein as the party's presidential nominee and Butch Ware as her running mate.
Coal Exchange, London
The London Coal Exchange was situated on the north side of Thames Street in the City of London, nearly opposite to Old Billingsgate Market, occupying three different structures from 1770 to 1962.  The original coal exchange opened in 1770.  A second building from 1805 was replaced by a new purpose-built structure constructed from 1847 to 1849, and opened by Prince Albert on 30 October 1849.  This third London coal exchange was one of the first substantial buildings constructed from cast iron, built several years before the hall at the Great Exhibition.  It was demolished in 1962 to allow widening of what is now Lower Thames Street despite a campaign by the Victorian Society to save the building.  Cast iron decorations from the 1849 Coal Exchange building were selected as the model for the dragon boundary mark for the main entrances to the City of London.

Dragon boundary mark
The dragon boundary marks are cast iron statues of dragons (sometimes mistaken for griffins) on metal or stone plinths that mark the boundaries of the City of London.  The dragons are painted silver, with details of their wings and tongue picked out in red.  The dragon stands on its left rear leg, with the right rear leg lifted forward to support a shield, with the right foreleg raised and the left foreleg holding the top of the shield.  The shield bears the City of London's coat of arms painted in red and white: the red cross of Saint George on a white background, with a red sword in the first quarter, an attribute of Saint Paul. Saint George and Saint Paul are respectively the patron saints of England and of London.  The dragon's stance is the equivalent of the rampant heraldic attitude of the supporters of the City's arms, which may allude to the legend of Saint George and the Dragon.
Olympian Hiawatha
The Olympian and its successor the Olympian Hiawatha were passenger trains operated by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad (the "Milwaukee Road") between Chicago and the Pacific Northwest. The Olympian operated from 1911 to 1947 and was, along with its running mate the Columbian, the first all-steel train to operate in the Pacific Northwest. The streamlined Olympian Hiawatha operated from 1947 to 1961 and was one of several Milwaukee Road trains to carry the name "Hiawatha". The Olympian Hiawatha was designed by industrial designer Brooks Stevens and included the distinctive glassed-in "Skytop" observation-sleeping cars. It later featured full-length "Super Dome" cars.

Super Dome (railcar)
The Super Dome was a Dome car built by Pullman-Standard for the Milwaukee Road in 1952. The ten Super Domes were the first full-length dome cars in revenue service, first operating on the Olympian Hiawatha and Twin Cities Hiawatha in late 1952. Although a mixed blessing in passenger use, the cars garnered much publicity for the Milwaukee Road and several remain in operation.