hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ma Jun (mechanical engineer)
Ma Jun (fl. 200–265), courtesy name Deheng, was a Chinese practical man, inventor, and politician who lived in the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. His most notable invention was that of the south-pointing chariot, a directional compass vehicle which actually had no magnetic function, but was operated by use of differential gears (which applies equal amount of torque to driving wheels rotating at different speeds). It is because of this revolutionary device (and other achievements) that Ma Jun is known as one of the most brilliant mechanical engineers and inventors of his day (alongside Zhang Heng of the earlier Eastern Han dynasty). The device was re-invented by many after Ma Jun, including the astronomer and mathematician Zu Chongzhi (429–500). In the later medieval dynastic periods, Ma Jun's south-pointing chariot was combined in a single device with the distance-measuring odometer.

Zu Chongzhi
Zu Chongzhi (Chinese: 祖沖之; 429–500), courtesy name Wenyuan (Chinese: 文遠), was a Chinese astronomer, inventor, mathematician, politician, and writer during the Liu Song and Southern Qi dynasties. He was most notable for calculating pi as between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927, a record in precision which would not be surpassed for nearly 900 years.
Amiternum
Amiternum was an ancient Sabine city, then Roman city and later bishopric and Latin Catholic titular see in the central Abruzzo region of modern Italy, located 9 km (5.6 mi) from L'Aquila. Amiternum was the birthplace of the historian Sallust (86 BC).

L'Aquila
L'Aquila (/ˈlækwɪlə/ LAK-wil-ə; Italian: [ˈlaːkwila] ⓘ; Neapolitan: [ˈlaːkwiːlə]) is the capital city of the region of Abruzzo in central Italy. With 70,421 inhabitants as of 2025, it is also the second-largest city in the region. Laid out within medieval walls on a hill in the wide valley of the Aterno river, it is surrounded by the Apennine Mountains, with the Gran Sasso d'Italia to the north-east.

L'Aquila sits on a hillside in the middle of a narrow valley; the tall snow-capped mountains of the Gran Sasso massif flank the town. A maze of narrow streets, lined with Baroque and Renaissance buildings and churches, open onto elegant piazzas. Home to the University of L'Aquila, it is a lively college town and, as such, has many cultural institutions: a repertory theatre, a symphony orchestra, a fine art academy, a state conservatory and a film institute. There are several ski resorts in the surrounding province (Campo Imperatore, Ovindoli, Pescasseroli, Roccaraso, Scanno).
Fujiwara no Narichika
Fujiwara no Narichika (藤原 成親) (1138–1178) was a Japanese court noble who took part in a plot against the Taira clan's dominance of the Imperial court.

Narichika was the son of Fujiwara no Ienari. For his role in the Shishigatani Incident in 1177, he was exiled, along with his son Fujiwara no Naritsune, Taira no Yasuyori, and the monk Shunkan to Kikai-ga-shima island in the far south of Japan. Narichika was later executed by the order of the Taira.

It is known that he was one of Fujiwara no Yorinaga's many male lovers.

Shishigatani incident
The Shishigatani incident (鹿ケ谷事件, Shishigatani jiken, 鹿ヶ谷の陰謀, Shishigatani no inbou) of June 1177 was a failed uprising against the rule of Taira no Kiyomori in Japan. The conspiracy was discovered, and its perpetrators arrested and punished before any part of their plan was put into action.

The incident is also known in Japanese as Shishigatani no Inbō (鹿ケ谷の陰謀), the Shishigatani Conspiracy or Plot. The name comes from the location where the conspirators met, a mountain villa belonging to Jōken Hōin, in the Shishi Valley (Shishigatani) in the Higashiyama area of Kyoto.
Phenylacetic acid
Phenylacetic acid (conjugate base phenylacetate), also known by various synonyms, is an organic compound containing a phenyl functional group and a carboxylic acid functional group. It is a white solid with a strong honey-like odor. Endogenously, it is a catabolite of phenylalanine. As a commercial chemical, because it can be used in the illicit production of phenylacetone (used in the manufacture of substituted amphetamines), it is subject to controls in countries including the United States and China.

Phenylacetone
Phenylacetone, also known as phenyl-2-propanone,  is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5CH2COCH3. It is a colorless oil that is soluble in organic solvents. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of an acetone attached to a phenyl group. As such, its systematic IUPAC name is 1-phenyl-2-propanone.

This substance is used in the manufacture of methamphetamine and amphetamine, where it is commonly known as P2P. Due to illicit drug labs using phenylacetone to make amphetamines, phenylacetone was declared a schedule II controlled substance in the United States in 1980. In humans, phenylacetone occurs as a metabolite of amphetamine and methamphetamine via FMO3-mediated oxidative deamination.
United States Auto Club
The United States Auto Club (USAC) is one of the sanctioning bodies of auto racing in the United States. From 1956 to 1979, USAC sanctioned the United States National Championship, and from 1956 to 1997 the organization sanctioned the Indianapolis 500. USAC serves as the sanctioning body for a number of racing series, including the Silver Crown Series, National Sprint Cars, National Midgets, Speed2 Midget Series, .25 Midget Series, Stadium Super Trucks, and GT World Challenge America. Seven-time USAC champion Levi Jones is USAC's Competition Director.

GT World Challenge America
GT World Challenge America is a North American auto racing series launched in 1990 by the Sports Car Club of America. It has been managed by the SRO Motorsports Group since 2018, and has been sanctioned by the United States Auto Club since 2017.

The series functions as the highest level of SRO Motorsports America race weekends, supported by the Pirelli GT4 America, GT America, Toyota GR Cup North America, TC America, and McLaren Trophy America series. A GT World Challenge America race weekend consists of two 90 minute races held exclusively for GT3-class race cars, though it has been confirmed that the format will change to a single three hour race per weekend beginning in 2026.
Drago (wrestler)
Víctor Manuel Soto Flores (born July 23, 1975) is a Mexican Luchador or professional wrestler known by his ring name Drago. He is known for Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide, where he is the former AAA Latin American Champion.

Currently working as Dios del Inframundo, Flores has worked as Drago as Gato Eveready or simply El Gato under which he was an unofficial member of the wrestling group Real Fuerza Aérea, and as Alan in the group called Los Barrio Boys.

El Ángel (wrestler)
Óscar Omar Puentes Molgado (born August 19, 1977) is a Mexican luchador (professional wrestler) under the ring name El Ángel (Spanish for "the Angel"). Puentes worked under the ring name Óscar Sevilla from 1997 until 2005 where he adopted the "El Ángel" ring character. He is manly known for his work in the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA) which he worked for until mid-2009. He current works on the Mexican independent circuit and makes regular appearances for the Los Perros del Mal and International Wrestling Revolution Group promotions amongst others and occasionally works as El Novillero ("The Apprentice Bullfighter").
Gustav Kross
Gustav Kross (12 July [O.S. 30 June] 1831 – 25 October [O.S. 13 October] 1885) was a Russian pianist and teacher.  He is primarily remembered for being the soloist of the first, negatively-received Russian performance of Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 1.

Piano Concerto No. 1 (Tchaikovsky)
The Piano Concerto No. 1 in B♭ minor, Op. 23, was composed by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky between November 1874 and February 1875. It was revised in 1879 and in 1888. It was first performed on October 25, 1875, in Boston by Hans von Bülow after Tchaikovsky's desired pianist, Nikolai Rubinstein, criticised the piece. Rubinstein later withdrew his criticism and became a fervent champion of the work. It is one of the most popular of Tchaikovsky's compositions and among the best known of all piano concerti.

From 2021 to 2022, it served as the sporting anthem of the Russian Olympic Committee as a substitute of the country's actual national anthem as a result of the doping scandal that prohibits the use of its national symbols.
Rosa Gumataotao Rios
Rosa Gumataotao Rios (born July 17, 1965) is a Mexican-American business leader who served as the 43rd Treasurer of the United States from 2009 to 2016, and was a visiting scholar at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University in the late 2010s. In 2022, Joe Biden appointed her as the chairwoman of the United States Semiquincentennial Commission.

United States Semiquincentennial Commission
The United States Semiquincentennial Commission is the congressionally appointed body in charge of promoting and coordinating the United States Semiquincentennial. The commission has been chaired by Rosie Rios since July 2022.
Valentin Vodnik
Valentin Vodnik (3 February 1758 – 8 January 1819) was a Slovene priest, journalist and poet from Carniola. He was active in the late Enlightenment period. He is well known for his contributions in writing materials that lifted the prestige of the Slovene language creating a standard meant to unify the people of Slovene Lands in a single intelligible tongue. He was also active in geological sciences, where he collaborated with Sigmund Zois in the research of the origin of the Julian Alps. He spent significant time curating his mineral collection consisting of 338 specimens.

Sigmund Zois
Sigmund Zois Freiherr von Edelstein, usually referred as Sigmund Zois (Slovenized: Žiga Zois, formerly Slovenized as Cojs or Cojz; pronunciationⓘ) (23 November 1747 – 10 November 1819) was a Carniolan nobleman, natural scientist and patron of the arts. He is considered one of the most influential figures of the Enlightenment Era in the Slovene Lands of Habsburg Austria.
Charles John Stanley Gough
General Sir Charles John Stanley Gough, VC, GCB (/ɡɒf/ GOF; 28 January 1832 – 6 September 1912) was a senior British Indian Army officer and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Hugh Gough (Indian Army officer)
General Sir Hugh Henry Gough, VC, GCB (/ɡɒf/ GOF; 14 November 1833 – 12 May 1909) was a senior British Indian Army officer and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Hadji Murad
Hadji Murad (Russian: Хаджи-Мурат, Avar: XӀажи Мурад; 1818 – 5 May [O.S. 23 April] 1852) was an important North Caucasian Avar leader during the resistance of the peoples of Dagestan and Chechnya in 1811–1864 against the incorporation of the region into the Russian Empire.

Russian conquest of Chechnya and Dagestan
The Russian conquest of Chechnya and Dagestan, whose later phase from 1829 to 1859 is also known as the Murid War, was the eastern theatre of the Caucasian War of 1817–1864. During this campaign, the Russian Empire conquered the independent peoples of the Eastern Caucasus.

When Russia annexed Georgia in 1801, it needed to control the Georgian Military Road in the central Caucasus – the only practical north–south route across the mountains. Russian control of the road meant the division of the fighting in the Caucasian War into two theatres. West of the road, in the Russo-Circassian War, the tribes did not unite and the war became very complex.  In the east the tribes joined in the Caucasian Imamate, a military-theocratic state which held out for thirty years. This state, established by Ghazi Muhammad in 1829–1832, came under the rule of Imam Shamil from 1834 until his surrender in 1859.
Vulcanops
Vulcanops  jennyworthyae is an extinct species of bat that lived during the Miocene in New Zealand, a large burrowing microchiropteran that probably ate arthropods and plant material around twenty million years before present.  It is the type and only described species of the genus Vulcanops.

Mystacinidae
Mystacinidae is a family of unusual bats, the New Zealand short-tailed bats. There is one living genus, Mystacina, with two species, one of which could have possibly become extinct in the 1960s. They are medium-sized bats, about 6 centimetres (2.4 in) in length, with grey, velvety fur.
A Tale of Two Cities (2026 TV series)
A Tale of Two Cities is an upcoming 2026 British historical drama television miniseries directed by Hong Khaou and Richard Clark, created and written by Daniel West, adapted from the novel of the same name by Charles Dickens. It stars Kit Harington and François Civil as look-alikes Sydney Carton and Charles Darnay, respectively, and Mirren Mack as Lucie Manette. The supporting cast includes Sharon Duncan-Brewster, Yannick Renier, Fehinti Balogun, Barry Aird, Roxane Duran, Theo Costa-Marini and Guillaume Gallienne. It will be broadcast by BBC One and MGM+.

A Tale of Two Cities
A Tale of Two Cities is a historical novel published in 1859 by English author Charles Dickens, set in London and Paris before and during the French Revolution. The novel tells the story of the French Doctor Manette, his 18-year-long imprisonment in the Bastille in Paris, and his release to live in London with his daughter Lucie whom he had never met. The story is set against the conditions that led up to the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror.

A Tale of Two Cities, Dickens's best-known work of historical fiction, is said to be one of the best selling novels of all time. In 2003, the novel was ranked 63rd on the BBC's The Big Read poll.  The novel has been adapted for film, television, radio, and the stage, and has continued to influence popular culture.
Shimun
Shimun (Syriac alphabet: ܫܡܥܘܢ), also transliterated as Shemʿon or Shimon is the form of Simon used in Classical Syriac and dialects of Neo-Aramaic. It is a masculine given name, and is mainly a variant of the biblical name Simeon, Symeon, or Shimon, which is derived from Hebrew. The name may also be alternatively used as Chamoun.

Simeon
Simeon (/ˈsɪmiən/) is a given name, from the Hebrew שמעון (Biblical Šimʿon, Tiberian Šimʿôn), usually transliterated in English as Shimon. In Greek, it is written Συμεών, hence the Latinized spelling Symeon. It is a cognate of the name Simon.
Northern Air Defence District
The Northern Air Defence District (Swedish: Norra flygbasområdet, Flybo N) was an air defence district within the Swedish Air Force that operated from 1943 to 1957. The unit was based in Östersund. It was responsible for air base and supply service as well as for air defence warning service in Middle Norrland and North Middle Sweden.

Military subdivisions of Sweden
The military subdivisions of Sweden refers to the division of Sweden's territory with regard to the command possibilities, mainly in war. The subdivisions are different depending on Sweden's military doctrine. The subdivision can apply to both land and sea territory. On 1 January 2013, the Swedish Armed Forces re-established regional staffs, dividing the country into four military regions. A fifth military region was formed in 2019.
Fatal Contact (film)
Fatal Contact (Chinese: 黑拳) is a 2006 Hong Kong martial arts film written and directed by Dennis Law, and produced by Law and Herman Yau.  The film stars Wu Jing, Ronald Cheng, Miki Yeung, Theresa Fu, Cheung Siu-fai, Ken Lo, Andy On, Lam Suet and Timmy Hung. Wu Jing played Kong Ko who is trained with the fighting techniques of Sanshou martial arts, and lured into the world of illegal martial arts fighting.

Wu Jing (actor)
Wu Jing (Chinese: 吴京; pinyin: Wú Jīng; born 3 April 1974), also known as Jacky Wu, is a Chinese actor, martial artist and director of Manchu descent. Wu has won first place in many Wushu Competitions and Tai Chi competitions across the nation. He is best known for his roles in various martial arts films such as Tai Chi Boxer, Fatal Contact, the Sha Po Lang films, and as Leng Feng in Wolf Warrior, its sequel Wolf Warrior 2, and most recently The Battle at Lake Changjin.

Wu is one of the most profitable actors in China and his movies are often among the highest grossing films in China. He ranked first on the Forbes China Celebrity 100 list in 2019 and 23rd in 2020.
AssassiNation
AssassiNation is the sixth album by Brazilian death metal band Krisiun, released in 2006 on Century Media. The album features 12 tracks and two extra bonus tracks. It is dedicated In Memory of Doc and Dimebag.

Krisiun
Krisiun is a Brazilian death metal band, founded by brothers Alex Camargo (bass, vocals) (Born March 11, 1972), Moyses Kolesne (guitars) (Born August 11, 1973) and Max Kolesne (drums) (Born June 12, 1974). Since its formation in 1990, the group recorded three demos, Curse of the Evil One in 1990, Mortal Toxic in 1991, and The Plague in 1992, and self-released an extended play (EP) titled Unmerciful Order in 1993. After signing with Dynamo Records (a Brazilian label), Krisiun released the debut full-length Black Force Domain in 1995, followed by Apocalyptic Revelation, in 1998. They signed with major label Century Media in 1999, releasing a further ten studio albums.
Committed to a Bright Future
Committed to a Bright Future is the fifth studio album by American metal band Dog Fashion Disco, released in 2003. Music videos were made for the songs "The Acid Memoirs","Grease" and "Love Song for a Witch".

Dog Fashion Disco
Dog Fashion Disco (often shortened to DFD) is an American avant-garde/alternative metal band from Rockville, Maryland. They were originally active from 1995 to 2007, then disbanded before reuniting in October 2013.
Arizona State Route 89A
State Route 89A (SR 89A) is an 83.85-mile (134.94 km) state highway that runs from Prescott north to Flagstaff in the U.S. state of Arizona. The highway begins at SR 89 in Yavapai County and heads northward from Prescott Valley, entering Jerome. From Jerome, the route then heads to Cottonwood and Clarkdale. The road then continues out to Sedona. The highway is notable for its scenic value as it winds over and through Mingus Mountain as well as passing through Sedona and the Oak Creek Canyon. The route then enters Coconino County soon after leaving Sedona. The highway proceeds to Flagstaff, where it crosses Interstate 17 (I-17) and I-40. The highway ends at I-40 Business in Flagstaff. What is now SR 89A became a state highway in the late 1920s as SR 79. The highway was extended and improved several times through 1938. SR 79 was renumbered to U.S. Route 89A (US 89A) in 1941 and then to SR 89A in the early 1990s.

Oak Creek Canyon
Oak Creek Canyon is a river gorge located in northern Arizona between the cities of Flagstaff and Sedona. The canyon is often described as a smaller cousin of the Grand Canyon because of its scenic beauty. State Route 89A enters the canyon on its north end via a series of hairpin turns before traversing the bottom of the canyon for about 13 miles (21 km) until the highway enters the town of Sedona.
Rosa María Mateo
Rosa María Mateo Isasi (born 6 January 1942), is a Spanish journalist and renowned television news anchor during the Transition. From July 2018 to March 2021, she served as the Provisional Sole Administrator of RTVE, the national public radio and television media. As such, Mateo assumed all the powers of the chairship and the Board of Directors.

Chair of RTVE
The Chair of RTVE, officially Chair of the Spanish Radio and Television Corporation, is the head of the RTVE Corporation and of the RTVE Board. The chair of RTVE is the chief executive of the corporation and chairs the Board, convene its meetings and execute its guidelines. The chair is appointed by the majority of the Congress of Deputies.

Currently, the office is held by José Pablo López.
Richa Ghosh
Richa Ghosh (born 28 September 2003) is an Indian international cricketer. She plays in the India women's national team as a wicket-keeper-batter. She represents Bengal in domestic cricket and Royal Challengers Bengaluru in the Women's Premier League. Ghosh was part of the Indian team that won the 2025 Women's Cricket  World Cup, 2022 Women's Asia Cup, and gold medal at the 2022 Asian Games.

2025 Women's Cricket World Cup
The 2025 ICC Women's Cricket World Cup was the 13th edition of Women's Cricket World Cup. India hosted the World Cup for the fourth time, after the 1978, 1997 and 2013 editions, with the tournament held from 30 September to 2 November 2025. This was the last time the tournament had eight teams. India became champions after defeating South Africa in the final, securing their maiden World Cup title. Australia were the defending champions, but were knocked out in the Semi-final by eventual champions India.
Nicholas Thorburn
Nick Thorburn (born 27 November 1981), also known by his stage name Nick Diamonds, is a Canadian musician originally from Campbell River, British Columbia. He has fronted numerous bands such as The Unicorns, Th' Corn Gangg, Islands, Reefer, and Human Highway.

Campbell River, British Columbia
Campbell River is a city in the Sayward Land District of British Columbia, Canada, on the east coast of Vancouver Island at the south end of Discovery Passage, which lies along the 50th parallel north along the important Inside Passage shipping route. Campbell River has a population (2021 census) of 35,138 and has long been touted as the "salmon capital of the world." Campbell River and Region are near the communities of Quadra and the Discovery Islands, Sayward, Oyster River, Gold River, Tahsis and Zeballos.

Campbell River is served by the coast-spanning Island Highway, the nearby but now defunct Island Rail Corridor, and Campbell River Airport.
Clandeboye massacre
The Clandeboye massacre in 1574 was a massacre of the O'Neills of Lower Clandeboye by the English forces of Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex. It took place during an attempted English colonisation of Ulster as part of the Tudor conquest of Ireland. The Lord of Lower Clandeboye, Sir Brian McPhelim O'Neill, had violently opposed these attempts at colonisation. O'Neill would invite Lord Essex to parley at his castle in Belfast; however, at the end of the feast, the English forces turned on the O'Neills and killed up to 200 of them including women and children. Essex ordered that O'Neill, his wife and brother be seized and executed for treason and for opposing the plantations.

Belfast Castle
Belfast Castle (Irish: Caisleán Bhéal Feirste) is a mansion located in Cave Hill Country Park in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in a prominent position 400 feet (120 m) above sea level. Its location provides unobstructed views over the City of Belfast and Belfast Lough. There have been several structures called "Belfast Castle" over the centuries, located on different sites. The current "castle" is a Victorian structure that was built between 1867 and 1870 on the slopes of Cave Hill, and it is Grade A listed. The main entrance into the Belfast Castle Demesne is now where Innisfayle Park meets Downview Park West, just off the Antrim Road (part of the A6). The original main entrance into the current demesne was formerly on the Antrim Road itself, where Strathmore Park now meets the Antrim Road.