hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pope (horse)
Pope (1806 – 29 August 1831), also known as Waxy Pope and The Sligo Waxy, was a Thoroughbred racehorse that won the 1809 Epsom Derby and was a leading sire in Ireland. Pope was the first Epsom Derby winner produced by his sire Waxy, who would go on to sire three more Derby winners and three winners of The Oaks. Pope was a half-brother to the prolific broodmare Penelope, the dam of the influential stallions Whisker and Whalebone , who were also sired by Waxy. Pope died on 29 August 1831 at Clearwell.

Penelope (horse)
Penelope (1798–1824) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse. She won sixteen of her twenty-four races, including two Oatlands Stakes, the Jockey-Club Plate and she beat Oaks and Derby winner Eleanor. She was bred and owned by Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton. After retiring from racing she became an influential broodmare, foaling Derby winners Whalebone and Whisker and 1000 Guineas winner Whizgig.
10,000 Maniacs
10,000 Maniacs are an American alternative rock band founded in 1981. They have released nine studio albums, six EPs, and five live albums. They achieved their most significant success between 1987 and 1993, when they released four albums that charted in the top 50 in the US: In My Tribe (1987), Blind Man's Zoo (1989), Our Time in Eden (1992), and the live album MTV Unplugged (1993). After the recording (but before the release) of MTV Unplugged, original lead singer and songwriter Natalie Merchant left the band to pursue a solo career, while the remaining members continued the band.

Natalie Merchant
Natalie Anne Merchant (born October 26, 1963) is an American singer-songwriter. She joined the band 10,000 Maniacs in 1981 and was lead vocalist and primary lyricist for the group. She remained with the group for their first seven albums before leaving to begin her solo career in 1993. She has since released nine studio albums as a solo artist.
Sphenacodontia
Sphenacodontia is a stem-based clade of derived synapsids. It was defined by Amson and Laurin (2011) as "the largest clade that includes Haptodus baylei, Haptodus garnettensis and Sphenacodon ferox, but not Edaphosaurus pogonias". They first appear during the Late Pennsylvanian (Upper Carboniferous) epoch. From the end of the Carboniferous to the end of the Permian, most of them remained large, with only some secondarily becoming small in size.

Basal Sphenacodontia constitute a transitional evolutionary series from early pelycosaurs to ancestral therapsids (which in turn were the ancestors of more advanced forms and finally the mammals). One might say that the sphenacodontians are proto-therapsids (even though there is almost a 30-million-years gap between the separation of the ancestors of therapsids from other sphenacodontians and the first appearance of therapsids in the fossil record).

Haptodus
Haptodus is an extinct genus of basal sphenacodonts, a member of the clade that includes therapsids and hence, mammals. It was at least 1.5 metres (5 ft) in length. It lived in present-day France during the Early Permian. It was a medium-sized predator, feeding on insects and small vertebrates.
International Radiotelegraph Convention (1912)
The second International Radiotelegraph Convention met in London, England in 1912. It adopted international maritime radio communication standards that updated the ones approved by the first International Radiotelegraph Convention held in Berlin in 1906. The new Convention was signed on July 5, 1912, and became effective on July 1, 1913.

International Radiotelegraph Convention (1906)
The first International Radiotelegraph Convention (French: Convention Radiotélégraphique Internationale) was held in Berlin, Germany, in 1906. It reviewed radio communication (then known as "wireless telegraphy") issues, and was the first major convention to set international standards for ship-to-shore communication. One notable provision was the adoption of Germany's "SOS" distress signal as an international standard.

The resulting agreements were signed on November 3, 1906, and became effective on July 1, 1908. These standards remained in effect until they were updated at the second International Radiotelegraph Convention, held in London in 1912.
Alternative wine closure
Alternative wine closures are substitute closures used in the wine industry for sealing wine bottles in place of traditional cork closures. The emergence of these alternatives has grown in response to quality control efforts by winemakers to protect against "cork taint" caused by the presence of the chemical trichloroanisole (TCA).

The closures debate, chiefly between supporters of screw caps and natural corks, has increased the awareness of post-bottling wine chemistry, and the concept of winemaking has grown to continue after the bottling process, because closures with different oxygen transmission rates may lead to wines that taste different when they reach consumers.

The cork-industry group APCOR cites a study showing a 0.7–1.2% taint rate. In a 2005 study of 2800 bottles tasted at the Wine Spectator blind-tasting facilities in Napa, California, 7% of the bottles were found to be tainted.

Wine cork
A wine cork is a stopper used to seal a wine bottle. They are typically made from cork (bark of the cork oak), though synthetic materials such as rubber or plastic can be used. Common alternative wine closures include screw caps and glass stoppers. 68 percent of all cork is produced for wine bottle stoppers.

Corks are manufactured for wines and sparkling wines; the latter are bottled under pressure, forcing the corks to take on a mushroom shape. They are fastened with a wire cage known as a muselet of wire, and this twisted wire structure is usually accompanied by a metal cap on which the brand logo is normally stamped, and in the case of champagne bottles it is often covered with metallic foil.
Kawempe Division
Kawempe Division (sub-county)  is one of the five divisions that comprise the city of Kampala along with Makindye division, Lubaga division, Nakawa division and Central division, It has 19 parishes and 771 villages. The parishes include Bwaise I, Kanyanya, Kazo ward, Kyebando, Makerere iii, Mulago I, Bwaise ii, Kawempe I, Kikaya, Makerere I, Mpererwe, Mulago iii, Bwaise III, Kawempe ii, Komambogo, Makerere ii, Mulago i, Makerere University. The division's current mayor is Dr. Emmanuel Serunjogi.

Makerere
Makerere (/məˈkɛrəri/ mə-KERR-ər-ee) is a neighborhood in the city of Kampala, Uganda's capital city. The name also applies to the hill on which this neighborhood is perched; one of the original seven hills that constituted Kampala at the time of its founding, in the early 1900s.
Cleveland S. Harley Baseball Park
Cleveland S. Harley Baseball Park is a baseball venue in Spartanburg, South Carolina. It is home to the USC Upstate Spartans baseball team of the NCAA's Division I Big South Conference. It opened on February 1, 2004, when Upstate swept a double header against Tusculum College. The facility has a capacity of 500 spectators.

The park is named for Cleveland S. Harley, a Spartanburg-area businessman and philanthropist. Harley played a role in both the university's founding and the development of its athletic programs. The venue also features a press box, practice facility, and batting cages. It is part of the Louis P. Howell Athletic Complex.

USC Upstate Spartans baseball
The USC Upstate Spartans baseball team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of the University of South Carolina Upstate in Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States. The team is a member of the Big South Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. The team plays its home games at Harley Park in Spartanburg, South Carolina. The Spartans are coached by Kane Sweeney.
Special Protection Group
The Special Protection Group (SPG) is an agency under the  Cabinet Secretariat of the Government of India, whose sole responsibility is protecting the Prime Minister of India and, in some cases, their family. It was formed in 1988 by an Act of the Parliament of India. The agency protects the Prime Minister at all times, both in India and abroad, as well as the Prime Minister's immediate family members. Family members, however, may decline security.

Previously, the SPG's mandate included protecting the prime minister's "parents, wife  [sic] and children" resident anywhere in India during their term of office and for five years after leaving office. However, the Special Protection Group (Amendment) Act, 2019 reduced such mandate. Presently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi is the only SPG protectee.

Special Protection Group (Amendment) Act, 2019
Special Protection Group (Amendment) Act, 2019 is an act passed by Indian parliament in 2019 which reduces Special Protection Group cover to only Prime Minister, former Prime Ministers and their immediate family members up to 5 years after ceasing post if they are residing at the residence allotted. The bill amends Special Protection Group Act 1988 which was in application.
Ranikhet Express
The 15013 / 15014 Ranikhet Express is a Express train belonging to North Eastern Railway zone that runs between Jaisalmer and Kathgodam in India.

The total travel time of this train is 28 hours and 20 mins. It has about 36 halts and covers a distance of over 1263 km at a speed of 42 km/h. This train runs of all days of the week and arrives at platform no. 11 at the Jaisalmer station.

Jaisalmer railway station
Jaisalmer railway station is a major railway station located in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan. The railway station is under the administrative control of North Western Railway of Indian Railways. The station has three platforms and a total of five tracks. Jodhpur- Jaisalmer Railway was merged with the Western Railway in November 1951. Later North Western Railway came into existence on 1 October 2002.
South Mountain Railroad (Cumberland)
The South Mountain Railroad was a southcentral Pennsylvania railway line for "connecting the Pine Grove works to the Cumberland Valley R. R." and which provided mining and passenger services via a southwest section from Hunter's Run, Pennsylvania, and a northern section from Hunter's Run to the CVRR junction northeast of Carlisle. The northern section merged with the Gettysburg & Harrisburg Railroad line south from Hunter's Run to the Gettysburg Battlefield in 1891 to create the Gettysburg & Harrisburg Railway line, while the branch southwest from Hunter's Run became the Hunter's Run and Slate Belt Railroad line.

Modernized sections of the South Mountain Railroad remain north of Hunter's Run; while parts of the railbed are available for hiking and biking such as near Carlisle (Letort Spring Run Nature Trail) and the Pine Grove Furnace State Park (Cumberland County Biker/Hiker Trail with section of the Appalachian Trail.)

Pine Grove Furnace State Park
Pine Grove Furnace State Park is a protected Pennsylvania area that includes Laurel and Fuller Lakes in Cooke Township of Cumberland County. The Park accommodates various outdoor recreation activities, protects the remains of the Pine Grove Iron Works (1764), and was the site of Laurel Forge (1830), Pine Grove Park (1880s), and a brick plant (1892). The Park is 8 miles (13 km) from exit 37 of Interstate 81 on Pennsylvania Route 233.

Pine Grove Furnace State Park is home to the Appalachian Trail Museum. It was chosen by the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR) and its Bureau of State Parks as one of "25 Must-See Pennsylvania State Parks".
Meadows Place, Texas
Meadows Place is a city located in Fort Bend County in the U.S. state of Texas within the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, Meadows Place had a population of 4,767.

Meadows Place was part of Stafford's extraterritorial jurisdiction prior to incorporation on November 14, 1983. Meadows Place was incorporated as Meadows, but this was changed to "Meadows Place" in 1997 due to postal conflicts with a city of a similar name, Meadow, Texas.

Stafford, Texas
Stafford is a city in the U.S. state of Texas, in the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area. The city is mostly in Fort Bend County, with a small part in Harris County. As of the 2020 census, Stafford's population was 17,666, down from 17,693 at the 2010 census.
Blonde (1803 ship)
Blonde was a French 32-gun privateer corvette, built in Bordeaux around 1801 and commissioned in 1803 under François Aregnaudeau. She preyed on British and American commerce, notably destroying the Royal Navy corvette HMS Wolverine, before the frigate HMS Loire captured her on 17 August 1804.

HMS Wolverine (1798)
HMS Wolverine (or Wolverene, or Woolverene), was a Royal Navy 14-gun brig-sloop, formerly the civilian collier Rattler that the  Admiralty purchased in 1798 and converted into a brig sloop, but armed experimentally. She served during the French Revolutionary Wars and participated in one action that won for her crew a clasp to the Naval General Service Medal. A French privateer captured and sank Wolverine on 21 March 1804 whilst she was on convoy duty.
WOMBLES
The WOMBLES (White Overalls Movement Building Libertarian Effective Struggles) were a loosely aligned anarchist and anti-capitalist group based in London. They gained prominence in the early 2000s for wearing white overalls with padding and helmets at May Day protests, mimicking the Italian group Tute Bianche.

Tute Bianche
Tute Bianche (lit. 'White Overalls') was a militant Italian social movement active from 1994 to 2001. Activists were notable for covering their bodies with white padding so as to resist the blows of police, pushing through police lines, and marching together in large blocks for mutual protection during political demonstrations.
1950 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 1950 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championship for track cycling. They took place in Rocourt, Belgium in 1950. Five events for men were contested, three for professionals and two for amateurs.

In the same period, the 1950 UCI Road World Championships was organized in Moorslede, Belgium.

1950 UCI Road World Championships
The 1950 UCI Road World Championships was the 23rd edition of the UCI Road World Championships. It took place between 19-20 August 1950 in Moorslede, Belgium.

The professionals' championship was held on Sunday, August 20, 1950. There were 40 participants. Top cyclists who did not finish the race including Hugo Koblet, Rik Van Steenbergen and Gino Bartali. Belgian Briek Schotte escaped from an eight-man leading group towards the end and became world champion for the second time.

In the same period, the 1950 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was organized in the Stade Vélodrome de Rocourt, near Liège, Belgium.
Wisconsin Highway 75
State Trunk Highway 75 (often called Highway 75, STH-75 or WIS 75) is a former 12.10-mile-long (19.47 km) state highway in the southeastern part of U.S. state of Wisconsin. The highway ran from WIS 50 and WIS 83 in Paddock Lake north to WSI 20 east of Waterford. WIS 75 serves Kenosha and Racine counties. The highway was maintained by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT), and it is now signed as County Trunk Highway BD (CTH-BD) by Racine and Kenosha counties.

Wisconsin Highway 20
State Trunk Highway 20 (often called Highway 20, STH-20 or WIS 20) is a 42.95-mile (69.12 km) state highway in Walworth and Racine counties in southeastern Wisconsin, United States. The route is a short connector that bridges the city of Whitewater and points west via U.S. Highway 12 (US 12) with East Troy, Waterford and Racine. WIS 20 is a two-lane surface road with various four-lane roads within cities.
Bhoom
Bhoom is a town with a municipal council in Dharashiv district, Maharashtra, India, and it is the headquarters of Bhoom tahsil. Bhoom municipal corporation is established in 1948. Bhoom is a small town situated in a valley of the Banashankar hill ranges of Sahyadri.  It is situated on the banks of the River Banaganga, which eventually flows into the Bhima. In 1717, Sambhaji II of Kolhapur gave Bhoom as jagir to Shrimant Senakhaskhel Yashwantrao Thorat 
(a chief and military leader of his troops) for his bravery. In 19th century Bhoom was under Nizam territory during the British raj in India. However it was independently ruled by the ' Thorat '  royal family. Shrimant Vijaysinh Amarsinh Thorat is the present head of Bhoom. He was the President of Bhoom Municipal Council from 1991 -2006.

Bhoom taluka
Bhoom Tahsil is a tehsil in Osmanabad district, Maharashtra on the Deccan Plateau of India. The town of Bhoom is the administrative headquarters of the tahsil.  There are seventy-four panchayat villages in Bhoom Tahsil. In 19th century Bhoom was under Nizam territory during the British raj in India. However it was independently ruled by the Thorat  royal family. Shrimant Vijaysinh Amarsinh Thorat is the present head of Bhoom. He was the President of Bhoom Municipal Council from 1991 -2006.
Mineral processing
Mineral processing is the process of separating commercially valuable minerals from their ores in the field of extractive metallurgy. Depending on the processes used in each instance, it is often referred to as ore dressing or ore milling.

Beneficiation is any process that improves (benefits) the economic value of the ore by removing the gangue minerals, which results in a higher grade product (ore concentrate) and a waste stream (tailings). There are many different types of beneficiation, with each step furthering the concentration of the original ore. Key is the concept of recovery, the mass (or equivalently molar) fraction of the valuable mineral (or metal) extracted from the ore and carried across to the concentrate.

Processing of rare-earth minerals, often found in mineral sands, is often done by a mineral separation plant.

Mineral separation plant
A mineral separation plant (MSP), also known as a dry mill, is a type of mineral processing facility used especially in the processing of rare-earth minerals. It is often used to process minerals found in mineral sands, some of which are defined as critical minerals. These include rutile, ilmenite, leucoxene, and zircon. It is distinct from, although sometimes used in conjunction with, a wet concentration plant (WCP).
Fyodor II of Ryazan
Fyodor Olgovich (Russian: Фёдор Ольгович), also known as Fyodor Olegovich (Russian: Фёдор Олегович), was Grand Prince of Ryazan from 1402 until his death in 1427. He was a son of Oleg II of Ryazan. Fyodor reigned during a period of unrest for the principality, fending off incursions from the Golden Horde. He was defeated and expelled from Ryazan by Ivan Vladimirovich, the prince of Pronsk, in 1408, but in turn defeated Ivan Vladimirovich at the Battle on the Smyadva (Russian: битва на Смядве) later the same year. The two later reconciled. He also agreed a peace treaty with Vasily I of Moscow, and married Vasily's sister Sofia, forming a peaceful relationship with the Grand Principality of Moscow. He was succeeded by his youngest son, Ivan.

Principality of Ryazan
The Principality of Ryazan, later known as the Grand Principality of Ryazan, was a principality from 1129 to 1521. Its capital was the city of Ryazan, now known as Old Ryazan, which was destroyed in 1237 during the Mongol invasions. The capital was moved to Pereyaslavl-Ryazansky, later renamed Ryazan.

Initially a part of the Principality of Murom, it fully split off from the Principality of Chernigov by 1129 as Murom-Ryazan. Murom was taken by Moscow in 1392, while Ryazan later became dependent on Moscow and was formally taken over by Vasili in 1521, and incorporated into the centralized Russian state. It maintained its formal independence longer than any other Russian principality.
Norman Palmer (bishop)
Christianity portal

Norman Kitchener Palmer CMG MBE (2 October 1928 – 13 November 2008) was the eleventh Anglican Bishop of Melanesia and second Archbishop of the Province of Melanesia.

Palmer was educated at St John's College, Auckland and  ordained in 1966. His first post was as an Assistant Master and Chaplain at All Hallows’ School, Pawa, Melanesia. He was then Priest/Headmaster at Alanguala Primary and then St Nicholas Primary. From 1973 to 1975 he was Dean of St Barnabas when he became Bishop of Central Melanesia and ex officio Archbishop of Melanesia, posts he held until 1987. He was consecrated a bishop on 1 November 1975 at the Cathedral Church of St Barnabas, Honiara.

Archbishop of Melanesia
The Archbishop of Melanesia is the spiritual head of the Anglican Church of Melanesia, which is a province of the Anglican Communion in the South Pacific region, covering the nations of Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. From 1861 until the inauguration of Church of the Province of Melanesia in 1975, the Bishop of Melanesia was the head of the Diocese of Melanesia.
Tyson Foods
Tyson Foods, Inc. is an American multinational corporation based in Springdale, Arkansas that operates in the food industry. The company is the world's second-largest processor and marketer of chicken, beef, and pork after JBS S.A. It is the largest meat company in America. It annually exports the largest percentage of beef out of the United States. Together with its subsidiaries, it operates major food brands, including Tyson, Jimmy Dean, Hillshire Farm, Ball Park, Wright Brand, Aidells, and State Fair.

Tyson Foods was ranked 85th in the 2025 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. The company previously ranked No. 79 in the 2020 Fortune 500 list.

Tyson Foods has been involved in a number of controversies related to the environment, animal welfare, and the welfare of employees.

JBS N.V.
JBS N.V. is a Brazilian multinational company that is the largest meat processing enterprise in the world, producing factory processed beef, chicken, salmon, sheep, pork, and also selling by-products from the processing of these meats. It is headquartered in São Paulo. It was founded in 1953 in Anápolis, Goiás.

As of 2025, JBS have over 250 production facilities around the world and its products reach consumers in 180 countries. J&F Investimentos is a 42% indirect shareholder in JBS S.A., which is listed on American stock markets as JBS. J&F Investimentos is wholly owned by Joesley Batista and Wesley Batista. The company has been regularly criticized on various grounds, including allegations of labor law violations and environmental factors such as for sourcing meat from farms that purportedly contribute to the destruction of the Amazon rainforest.
Buxolestes
Buxolestes ("robber from Bouxwiller") is an extinct genus of semi-aquatic mammals belonging to the subfamily Pantolestinae within family Pantolestidae. Species in this genus lived during the middle Eocene. They are known from fossils found in the Bracklesham Group and Wittering Formation of England, at the Messel Pit in Germany and in Bouxwiller, France.

Messel Pit
The Messel Pit is a fossil preservation site in Hesse, central Germany, dated to the Eocene epoch (about 47 Ma). The fossil-bearing rock unit is a geologic formation named the Messel Formation; its geographic range is restricted to the Messel pit. There, the formation unconformably overlies crystalline Variscan basement and its Permian cover (Rotliegend) as well as Eocene volcanic breccias derived from the basement rocks. The formation mainly comprises lacustrine laminated bituminous shale ("oil shale") renowned for its content of fossils in exceptional preservation, particularly plants, arthropods and vertebrates (e.g. Darwinius masillae).