hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raghunathrao Shankarrao Gandekar
Raja Sir Raghunathrao Shankarrao Gandekar  (also known as Babasaheb Pandit Pant Sachiv) KCIE, KGSJM, KECM, KGCM, DD (20 September 1878 – 27 August 1951)  was the 11th ruler of the princely state of Bhor of British Raj during the reign (1922–1951). During his reign, he implemented many reforms such as abolition of untouchability, freedom of association and introduction of representative government. He signed the accession to the Indian Union on 8 March 1948 which ended the separate existence of Bhor state.

Bhor State
Bhor State was one of the 9-gun salute Maratha princely states of Deccan States Agency. It was the only state belonging to the Poona Agency under the Bombay Presidency, which became later part of the Deccan States Agency. Along with Akkalkot State, Aundh State, Phaltan State and Jath State, it was one of the Satara Jagirs.
The state merged with the newly independent Indian union in 1948.

Situated among the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats, the state covered an area of 2,396 square kilometres, and had a population of 137,268 in 1901.

The town of Bhor, once the capital of the state, is located in the state of Maharashtra, about 51 kilometres south of Pune, adjacent to Bhatghar Dam. Lord Rama is the family deity of the Gandekars, the former rulers of the state. The seal of the state had images of  Sita, Rama and Lakshmana. Every year Ramanavami is celebrated with pomp and grandeur at Bhor Rajwada, the palace of the royal family.
Tauc–Lorentz model
The Tauc–Lorentz model is a mathematical formula for the frequency dependence of the complex-valued relative permittivity, sometimes referred to as the dielectric function. The model has been used to fit the complex refractive index of amorphous semiconductor materials at frequencies greater than their optical band gap. The dispersion relation bears the names of Jan Tauc and Hendrik Lorentz, whose previous works were combined by G. E. Jellison and F. A. Modine to create the model. The model was inspired, in part, by shortcomings of the Forouhi–Bloomer model, which is aphysical due to its incorrect asymptotic behavior and non-Hermitian character. Despite the inspiration, the Tauc–Lorentz model is itself aphysical due to being non-Hermitian and non-analytic in the upper half-plane.
Further researchers have modified the model to address these shortcomings.

Forouhi–Bloomer model
The Forouhi–Bloomer model is a mathematical formula for the frequency dependence of the complex-valued refractive index. The model can be used to fit the refractive index of amorphous and crystalline semiconductor and dielectric materials at energies near and greater than their optical band gap. The dispersion relation bears the names of Rahim Forouhi and Iris Bloomer, who created the model and interpreted the physical significance of its parameters. The model is aphysical due to its incorrect asymptotic behavior and non-Hermitian character. These shortcomings inspired modified versions of the model as well as development of the Tauc–Lorentz model.
Germogen Maximov
Metropolitan Germogen (Russian: Митрополит Гермоген), secular name Georgy Ivanovich Maximov, (Russian: Георгий Иванович Максимов; 10 January 1861 – 30 June 1945) was bishop of Aksay (9 May 1910 – 1919), Vicar of the Don Diocese, 23rd Bishop of Yekaterinoslav and Novomoskovsk (1919 – November 1920), Governor of the Russian Orthodox municipalities on Crete and North Africa with a seat in Athens (1922), Archbishop of Yekaterinoslav and Novomoskovsk (ROCOR, titular) (1922–1942), member of the Synod of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad (1924–1942), the head (Patriarch or Metropolitan) of the Croatian Orthodox Church (1942–1945).

Croatian Orthodox Church
The Croatian Orthodox Church (Croatian: Hrvatska pravoslavna crkva) was a religious body created during World War II by the Fascist Ustaše regime in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH). It was created in order to assimilate the remaining Serb minority and also to unite other Orthodox communities into a state-based Eastern Orthodox Church.

In 1942, NDH authorities finally made a move to organize a domestic Orthodox Church. This was part of a policy to eliminate Serb culture from Axis Croatia. The church lasted from 1942–45, and was intended to serve as a national church to which Serbs living in Croatia would convert, thus making it possible to describe them as "Croats of Eastern Orthodox faith". The Croatian Orthodox Church was managed by Montenegrin nationalist Savić Marković Štedimlija. There were some discussions during the 1990s, after the breakup of Yugoslavia, regarding the revival of such a church.
Wurunkatte
Wurunkatte or Wurukatte was a Hittite war god of Hattian origin. He might have also been connected to the institution of kingship. His symbol was a mace, and based on textual sources it is presumed he could be depicted standing on the back of a lion. Inhe appears in association with deities such as Šulinkatte, Taru and Telipinu. He was worshiped in Hattusa, Nerik, Tuḫumijara and Tarammeka.

Šulinkatte
Šulinkatte was a Hittite god of Hattian origin. He was regarded as a war deity. Additionally, he could fulfill the role of a protector of palaces and houses. In the local tradition of Nerik, he was regarded as the father of the weather god of Nerik. He first appears in texts dated to the fifteenth or fourteenth century BCE. His main cult center was the sparsely attested city Tamarmara, but he was also worshiped elsewhere in ancient Anatolia, for example in Hattusa and Nerik. Fragments of a Hattic song celebrating him are also known.
Komodo (chess)
Komodo and Dragon by Komodo Chess (also known as Dragon or Komodo Dragon) are UCI chess engines developed by Komodo Chess, which is a part of Chess.com. The engines were originally authored by Don Dailey and GM Larry Kaufman. Dragon is a commercial chess engine, but Komodo is free for non-commercial use. Dragon is consistently ranked near the top of most major chess engine rating lists, along with Stockfish and Leela Chess Zero.

Chess.com
Chess.com is an internet chess server. The largest chess platform in the world, the site operates on a freemium model in which some features are available for free, and others are available via subscription. Users can play live online chess against other users in daily, rapid, blitz, or bullet time controls, with a number of chess variants available. Additionally, the platform offers play against chess engines, computer analysis, chess puzzles, and teaching resources.

Chess.com reached 200 million users in early 2025, and had about 11 million daily active users as of April 2023. Chess.com has hosted online tournaments, including Titled Tuesdays, the PRO Chess League, the Speed Chess Championships, PogChamps, Online Chess Olympiads, and computer vs computer events.
Ekaterina Borisova
Ekaterina Sergeyevna Borisova (Russian: Екатерина Сергеевна Борисова; born 13 September 1999) is a Russian former competitive pair skater. With partner Dmitry Sopot, she was the 2016 Youth Olympic champion, the 2016 World Junior bronze medalist, and 2015 Junior Grand Prix Final champion.

Dmitry Sopot
Dmitry Vladimirovich Sopot, (Russian: Дмитрий Владимирович Сопот, born 1 May 1998) is a Russian retired pair skater. With former partner Ekaterina Borisova, he is the 2016 Youth Olympic champion, the 2016 World Junior bronze medalist, and 2015 Junior Grand Prix Final champion. He later competed with Anastasia Poluianova.
Mattoon Phillies
The Mattoon Phillies was a primary nickname for the minor league baseball teams based in Mattoon, Illinois between 1899 and 1957. Mattoon teams played as members of the Indiana–Illinois League (1899), Kentucky–Illinois–Tennessee League (1906), Eastern Illinois League (1907–1908), Illinois State League (1947–1948), Mississippi–Ohio Valley League (1949–1955) and Midwest League (1956–1957).

Mattoon teams played as a minor league affiliate of the Chicago White Sox in 1947, Cleveland Indians in 1948, Cincinnati Reds in 1952, Philadelphia Phillies from 1953 to 1956 and Kansas City Athletics in 1957.

The franchise was the oldest in the Midwest League, evolving to become today's Fort Wayne TinCaps.

Illinois State League
The Illinois State League (ISL) was a baseball minor league formed in 1947. The Illinois State League operated in 1947–1948 and evolved to become today's Midwest League. The Class D league was composed entirely of new franchises, each located in Southern Illinois. The charter franchises were in the Illinois cities of Belleville, Centralia, Marion, Mattoon, Mount Vernon and West Frankfort.
Stateira (wife of Alexander the Great)
Stateira (Greek: Στάτειρα; died 323 BC), possibly also known as Barsine, was the daughter of Stateira and Darius III of Persia. After her father's defeat at the Battle of Issus, Stateira and her sisters became captives of Alexander of Macedon. They were treated well, and she became Alexander's second wife at the Susa weddings in 324 BC. At the same ceremony Alexander also married her cousin, Parysatis, daughter of Darius' predecessor.  After Alexander's death in 323 BC, Stateira was killed by Alexander's other wife, Roxana.

Parysatis II
Parysatis (Ancient Greek: Παρύσατις), the youngest daughter of Artaxerxes III of Persia, married Alexander the Great in 324 BC at the Susa weddings. She may have been murdered by Alexander's first wife, Roxana, in 323 BC.
Debye model
In thermodynamics and solid-state physics, the Debye model is a method developed by Peter Debye in 1912 to estimate phonon contribution to the specific heat (heat capacity) in a solid. It treats the vibrations of the atomic lattice (heat) as phonons in a box in contrast to the Einstein solid model, which treats the solid as many individual, non-interacting quantum harmonic oscillators. The Debye model correctly predicts the low-temperature dependence of the heat capacity of solids, which is proportional to the cube of temperature – the Debye T 3 law. Similarly to the Einstein photoelectron model, it recovers the Dulong–Petit law at high temperatures. Due to simplifying assumptions, its accuracy suffers at intermediate temperatures.

Einstein solid
The Einstein solid is a model of a crystalline solid that contains a large number of independent three-dimensional quantum harmonic oscillators of the same frequency. The independence assumption is relaxed in the Debye model.

While the model provides qualitative agreement with experimental data, especially for the high-temperature limit, these oscillations are in fact phonons, or collective modes involving many atoms. Albert Einstein was aware that getting the frequency of the actual oscillations would be difficult, but he nevertheless proposed this theory because it was a particularly clear demonstration that quantum mechanics could solve the specific heat problem in classical mechanics.
Hyungwon
Chae Hyung-won (Korean: 채형원, born January 15, 1994), known mononymously as Hyungwon, is a South Korean singer, actor, model, DJ, MC, songwriter, and producer. He is a member of South Korean boy group Monsta X and its sub-unit Shownu X Hyungwon under Starship Entertainment. In 2017, he began performing as a DJ under the stage name DJ H.ONE.

Shownu X Hyungwon
Shownu X Hyungwon (Korean: 셔누 X 형원) is the first official sub-unit of South Korean boy group Monsta X. Formed in 2023, the duo is composed of two Monsta X members: Shownu and Hyungwon. They debuted with the extended play The Unseen on July 25, 2023.
Pacu
Pacu (Portuguese pronunciation: [paˈku]) is a common name used to refer to several species of omnivorous South American freshwater serrasalmid fish related to piranhas. Pacu and piranha do not have similar teeth, the main difference being jaw alignment; piranha have pointed, razor-sharp teeth in a pronounced underbite, whereas pacu have squarer, straighter teeth and a less severe underbite or a slight overbite. Pacu, unlike piranha, mainly feed on plant material and not flesh or scales. Additionally, the pacu can reach much larger sizes than piranha, up to 1.08 m (3 ft 6+1⁄2 in) in total length and 40 kg (88 lb) in weight.

Serrasalmidae
The Serrasalmidae (serrasalmids) are a family of characiform fishes native to freshwater habitats of South America. They include more than 90 species. The name means "serrated salmon family", which refers to the serrated keel running along the belly of these fish. Fish classified as Serrasalmidae are also known by these common names: pacu, piranha, and silver dollar. These common names generally designate differing dental characteristics and feeding habits.
Peace symbols
A number of peace symbols have been used many ways in various cultures and contexts. The dove and olive branch was used symbolically by early Christians and then eventually became a secular peace symbol, popularized by a Dove lithograph by Pablo Picasso after World War II. In the 1950s, the "peace sign", as it is known today (also known as "peace and love"), was designed by Gerald Holtom as the logo for the British Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND), a group at the forefront of the peace movement in the UK, and adopted by anti-war and counterculture activists in the US and elsewhere. The symbol is a superposition of the semaphore signals for the letters "N" and "D", taken to stand  for "nuclear disarmament", while simultaneously acting as a reference to Goya's The Third of May 1808  (1814) (aka "Peasant Before the Firing Squad").

The V hand signal and the peace flag also became international peace symbols.

Dove (Picasso)
Dove (French: La Colombe) is a 1949 lithograph on paper created by Pablo Picasso in 1949 in an edition of 50+5. The lithograph displays a white dove on a black background, which is widely considered to be a symbol of peace. The image was used to illustrate a poster at the 1949 Paris Peace Congress and also became an iconographic image of the period, known as "The dove of peace". An example is housed in the collection of the Tate Gallery and MOMA. Since then, it has been considered a masterpiece.
Town Hall, Penang
The Town Hall is a British-built administrative building in George Town, Penang, Malaysia. It is located adjacent to the City Hall, which now serves as the seat of the Penang Island City Council.

Completed in the 1880s, the Town Hall is the city's oldest municipal building, as it once housed the Municipal Commission of George Town. It also functioned as a venue for social events for the European elites. However, its administrative function was taken over by the City Hall upon the latter's completion in 1903. The Town Hall has been gazetted by the Malaysian National Museum as a historic monument since 1993. More recently, the building became one of the filming locations for the 1999 film, Anna and the King.

Both the Town Hall and the City Hall are located at Esplanade Road, overlooking the historic parade ground (the Padang) within the Esplanade. The buildings are also situated within George Town's UNESCO World Heritage Site.

City Hall, George Town
The City Hall is the local government headquarters of George Town within the Malaysian state of Penang. Built by the British, it now serves as the seat of the Penang Island City Council and was previously the seat of the George Town City Council.

Originally completed in 1903 as the Municipal Offices, the building was erected at a cost of $100,000 to relieve the demand for office space at the adjacent Town Hall. The name City Hall dates back to the grant of city status to George Town in 1957.

Both the City Hall and the Town Hall are located at Esplanade Road, overlooking the historic parade ground (the Padang) within the Esplanade. The buildings are also situated within George Town's UNESCO World Heritage Site.
East Central Railway zone
The East Central Railway (ECR) is one of the 19 railway zones in India, serving primarily the eastern and central regions of the country. Headquartered in Hajipur, Bihar, the zone manages a vast network of railway lines across five divisions: Sonpur, Samastipur, Dhanbad, Danapur & Deen Dayal Upadhyaya

Dhanbad railway division
Dhanbad railway division  is one of the five railway divisions under the jurisdiction of East Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 5 November 1951 and its headquarters is located at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand of India. It is also No.1 division in coal loading among all railway divisions in Indian Railways. The administrative head of division is called Divisional Railway Manager (DRM). Present DRM is Mr. Akhilesh Mishra, who is the head of this division.

Danapur railway division, Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya railway division, Samastipur railway division, and Sonpur railway division are the other railway divisions under ECR Zone headquartered at Hajipur.
Ridley, Kent
Ridley is a place and former civil parish, now in the parish of Ash-cum-Ridley, in the Sevenoaks district, in the county of Kent, England. It lies between Sevenoaks and Chatham..

Ash and Ridley were formerly separate parishes. Both were part of Dartford Rural District (until 1974) and Axstane Hundred.

Ridley is situated upon chalk hills, much like that of neighbouring Hartley. The soil is chalky, light and much covered with flints. There is no village and the church stands in the southern part of Ridley, having the parsonage and a lodge nearby. Ridley is 3½ miles SSW of Meopham (railway station) and 7 miles SSW of Gravesend. It has an area of 814 acres, within the bounds of the formerly separate parish.

Ash-cum-Ridley
Ash-cum-Ridley is a civil parish in the Sevenoaks district of Kent, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 7,070, reducing to 6,641 at the 2011 Census.

The parish includes four main settlements:

Ash is a small village including the London Golf Club.

New Ash Green, a planned settlement

Hodsoll Street is a hamlet including the former Green Man pub which was destroyed by fire in 2021

Ridley, another small village.

New Street is another hamlet, east of Ridley and north of Hodsoll Street; OS grid reference TQ6264.

Ash and Ridley were formerly separate parishes. Both were part of Dartford Rural District and Axstane Hundred.
End of the 19th Dynasty
The end of the 19th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt is a period of short-reigning rulers c. 1203–1187 BC. After the death of Merneptah, there was a conflict for the throne between Seti II and Amenmesse, which eventually resulted in the victory of Seti II. Seti II's reign was short, as he died within a year of regaining power. His widow, Tausret, took control with the support of Bay and the puppet Pharaoh Siptah. However, Tausret later eliminated Bay, and Siptah died under mysterious circumstances. This soon triggered a new power struggle between Tausret and Setnakhte. The struggle culminated in the triumph of Setnakhte, who is now remembered as the founder of the 20th Dynasty.

Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt
The Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XX, alternatively 20th Dynasty or Dynasty 20) is the third and last dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1189 BC to 1077 BC. The 19th and 20th Dynasties together constitute an era known as the Ramesside period owing to the predominance of rulers with the given name "Ramesses". This dynasty is generally considered to mark the beginning of the decline of Ancient Egypt, coinciding with the Bronze Age Collapse which led to the end of the New Kingdom and the onset of the Third Intermediate Period. During the period of the Twentieth Dynasty, Ancient Egypt faced the crisis of invasions by Sea Peoples. Though the dynasty was able to successfully defend Egypt, it left the kingdom seriously crippled.
Historic Core, Los Angeles
The Historic Core is a district within Downtown Los Angeles that includes the world's largest concentration of movie palaces, former large department stores, and office towers, all built chiefly between 1907 and 1931. Within it lie the Broadway Theater District and the Spring Street historic financial district, and in its west it overlaps with the Jewelry District and in its east with Skid Row.

The Historic Core falls into two business improvement districts, Historic Core (south of 4th St.) and Downtown LA (from 2nd to 4th Street). The total Historic Core is thus composed of:

Los Angeles Street from 2nd to 6th streets,

Spring Street and Main Street from 2nd to 7th streets,

Broadway from 2nd to 9th streets,

Hill Street from 2nd to 10th streets

Spring Street (Los Angeles)
Spring Street is one of the oldest streets in Los Angeles. A section of the street in Downtown Los Angeles, from just north of Fourth Street to just south of Seventh Street, is the NRHP-listed Spring Street Financial District, nicknamed Wall Street of the West, lined with Beaux Arts buildings and currently experiencing gentrification. This section forms part of the Historic Core district of Downtown, together with portions of Hill, Broadway, Main and Los Angeles streets.
Taiwan Broadcasting System
Taiwan Broadcasting System (TBS; Chinese: 台灣公共廣播電視集團), founded 1 July 2006, is a public broadcasting group that operates 8 television channels in Taiwan. It also owns 2 (CTS and PTS) of the five major Taiwan television networks (the other are TTV, CTV and FTV).

Chinese Television System
The Chinese Television System Inc. (Chinese: 中華電視公司; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Diànshì Gōngsī; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiong-hôa-tiān-sī-kong-si; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄕˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄙ) is a terrestrial television station in Taiwan and was founded in 1971. Recent milestones of the network are in sports events, including having the distinction to offer exclusive coverage of the 2017 Universiade, which was held in Taipei. This included airing the opening and closing ceremonies, plus major games, and it enabled its YouTube channel with several options to watch the rest of the games. Due to recent interest in soccer in Taiwan triggered by the success of its national team, it also bought the rights to broadcast on its free-to-air waves the 2018 FIFA World Cup for all matches from the round of 16 to the end of the tournament, thereby becoming the only channel which offered an event often reserved to cable TV channels.
Imbi station
Imbi station is a Malaysian elevated train station on the monorail line that serves as a part of the Kuala Lumpur Monorail (KL Monorail), located in Kuala Lumpur and opened alongside the rest of the train service on 31 August 2003. The station's similar location and proximity to a shopping district as the Bukit Bintang station means that the Imbi station is also one of the most heavily used stations along the KL Monorail line.

Bukit Bintang Monorail station
Bukit Bintang Monorail station is a monorail station located in Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur. As part of the KL Monorail line, it opened alongside the rest of the train service on 31 August 2003.

This monorail station is not interchangeable (or integrated) and not to be confused with the separate but adjacent Bukit Bintang MRT station, which is serviced by the MRT Kajang Line instead.