hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Israeli Turkmen
Israeli Turkmens also called Israeli Turks or Israeli Turkish people are ethnic Turkish people  from the Republic of Turkey settled in Israel during the 2000s.

Regarding people of ethnic Turkish who lived in Palestine prior to the establishment of the State of Israel, see Turks in Palestine.

Turks in Palestine
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The Turks in Palestine (Turkish: Filistin'deki Türkler), also referred to as Palestinian Turks, Palestinian Turkmen and Palestinian Turkish people (Turkish: Filistin Türkmenleri) are ethnic Turkish descendants who have had a long-established presence in Palestine. With Turkish rule spanning between the years 1069-1917/22, mass Turkish migration was encouraged during the rule of Nureddin Zengi in Syria, and then when thousands of Turks participated in the battle of Jerusalem with Saladin. Turkish migration continued further during the Mamluk and Ottoman rule of Palestine as well as during the British rule.
1973 Ontario Liberal Party leadership election
The Ontario Liberal Party leadership election, 1973, was held on October 27–28, 1973 to replace Robert Nixon who had announced his retirement in 1972. After a change of heart he reversed his decision to retire and entered the leadership race to retain his position. He defeated Norman Cafik on the third ballot by 317 votes.

Robert Nixon (politician)
Robert Fletcher Nixon OOnt ECO (born July 17, 1928) is a retired Canadian politician in the province of Ontario, Canada. The son of former Premier of Ontario Harry Nixon, he was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in a 1962 by-election following his father's death. The younger Nixon was elected leader of the Ontario Liberal Party in 1967 and led them through three provincial elections, the first two where the Liberals retained their standing as the second-largest party and official opposition in the legislature.

Nixon resigned as party leader in 1976 and was succeeded by Stuart Smith after a leadership convention. Nixon remained a prominent member of the Liberal caucus after standing down from the party leadership, including two stints as interim opposition leader, and served as Provincial Treasurer and Deputy Premier in the government of David Peterson from 1985 to 1990.
Candela Peña
María del Pilar Peña Sánchez (born 14 July 1973), professionally known as Candela Peña, is a Spanish actress. Since her film debut in the 1994 thriller Running Out of Time, she has had a lengthy film career.  She won the Goya Award for Best Actress for her performance in Princesses (2005) whereas she won the Goya Award for Best Supporting Actress for Take My Eyes (2003) and A Gun in Each Hand (2012).

Goya Award for Best Supporting Actress
The Goya Award for Best Supporting Actress (Spanish: Premio Goya a la mejor interpretación femenina de reparto) is one of the Goya Awards, Spain's principal national film awards. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered an outstanding supporting performance in a film.
Bawtry
Bawtry (/ˈbɔtrɪ/) is a market town and civil parish in the City of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England. It lies 8 miles (13 km) south-east of Doncaster, 10 miles (16 km) west of Gainsborough and 8 miles (13 km) north-west of Retford, on the border with Nottinghamshire and close to Lincolnshire. The town was historically divided between the West Riding of Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire. Its population of 3,204 in the 2001 UK census increased to 3,573 in 2011, and was put at 3,519 in 2019. Nearby settlements include Austerfield, Everton, Scrooby, Blyth, Bircotes and Tickhill.

Austerfield
Austerfield is a village and civil parish in the City of Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. It is 1 mile (1.6 km) to the north-east of the market town of Bawtry on the A614 road, and adjacent to the hamlet of Newington in Nottinghamshire, close to the River Idle. The population in 2001 was 571, which fell to 536 at the 2011 Census.
Reg Gasnier
Reginald William Gasnier AM (12 May 1939 – 11 May 2014) was an Australian rugby league footballer and coach. He played centre for the St. George Dragons from 1959 to 1967 and represented Australia in a then record 36 Tests and three World Cup games. He was the captain of the national side on eight occasions between 1962 and 1967.

Gasnier was included on the National Rugby League's list of 100 greatest players and the honorary Team of the Century. He is a member of the Sport Australia Hall of Fame and Australian Rugby League Hall of Fame. He was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia.

Australian rugby league's 100 greatest players
In late 2007, the Australian Rugby League and National Rugby League commissioned 130 experts to select the 100 best rugby league players in the game's 100-year history in Australia. The list was released in February 2008. From this list, a limited panel of experts picked a "Team of the Century" – a team of 17 players considered to be the best Australian players of all time. This team was announced in Sydney on 17 April 2008, see Australian Rugby League's Team of the Century.
Peregrine Horden
John Nicholas Peregrine Horden FRHistS FSA (born 1955) is emeritus professor in medieval history at Royal Holloway, University of London. Horden's research is in the area of Mediterranean cities and medicine in the Middle Ages. He is a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford. He was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London in March 2020.

The publication of his book The Corrupting Sea: A Study of Mediterranean History (co-written with Nicholas Purcell) was hailed as a 'notable intellectual event'. The book's main thesis is that the Mediterranean is a region made up of micro-regions. The book argues that the Mediterranean ought to be seen in terms of the ecological lines of force linking countless small regions and micro-economies together rather than in terms of a few famous metropoleis. Horden and Purcell stress the longues durées and insist that the different themes of history, i.e. politics, culture, economy, ideas and institutions must be studied in close association.

Nicholas Purcell (classicist)
Nicholas Purcell FBA is a British classicist and academic. He was Camden Professor of Ancient History and a fellow of Brasenose College, Oxford from 2011 to 2023.  Before holding this post he was University Lecturer in Ancient History at the University of Oxford and a Tutorial Fellow at St John's College, Oxford.
Ruparelia Group
The Ruparelia Group of Companies, commonly referred to as the Ruparelia Group, is a privately owned  conglomerate in Uganda. Sudhir Ruparelia, a wealthy Ugandan businessman, is a shareholder in each of the companies in the Group.

As a young man in England, Sudhir Ruparelia successfully established a number of small businesses before returning to Uganda in the 1980s to take advantage of the improving political and business stability.

Sudhir Ruparelia
Sudhir Ruparelia (born 17 January 1956) is a Ugandan business magnate and investor. He is the chairman and majority shareholder in the Ruparelia Group companies. His investments are mainly in the banking, insurance, education, broadcasting, real estate, floriculture and hospitality sectors.
St Peter's Square tram stop
St Peter's Square is a tram stop in St Peter's Square in Manchester city centre, England. It opened on 27 April 1992 and is in Zone 1 of Greater Manchester's Metrolink light rail system.

The stop's platforms were extended in 2009, but later redevelopment in 2015–16 demolished the original two side platforms and replaced them with a twin-island platform layout, which allows for limited cross-platform interchange. The stop is the most used on the Metrolink network.

City Lines (Manchester Metrolink)
The three City Lines of the Manchester Metrolink light rail network make up the central section of the network in Manchester city centre, where the other eight lines radiating away from the city centre converge. On the City Lines, trams largely run along semi-pedestrianised streets rather than on their own separate alignment.

The first city centre route ran from Victoria station to G-Mex, now referred to as the First City Crossing. A branch to Piccadilly station opened later, and created a three-way delta junction near Piccadilly Gardens. The Second City Crossing (2CC) from Victoria to St Peter's Square was built to ease congestion on the original First City Crossing. It opened in two halves in 2015 and 2017 and added one additional stop to the network at Exchange Square.
Banknotes of the Nigerian naira
Nigerian naira notes are the banknotes of Nigeria, issued as part of the Nigerian naira (NGN), which is subdivided into 100 kobo. The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is the sole authority responsible for issuing legal tender in the country.

Nigerian naira
The naira (sign: ₦; code: NGN; Yoruba: náírà, Hausa: نَيْرَ, romanized: naira, Igbo: naịra, Tyap: nera) is the currency of Nigeria. One naira is divided into 100 kobo.

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is the sole issuer of legal tender money throughout the Federal Republic of Nigeria. It controls the volume of money supplied in the economy in order to ensure monetary and price stability. The Currency Operations Department of the CBN is in charge of currency management, through the designs, procurement, distribution and supply, processing, reissue and disposal or disintegration of bank notes and coins.

A major cash crunch occurred in February 2023 when the Nigerian government used a currency note changeover—delivering too few of the new notes into circulation—to attempt to force citizens to use a newly created government-sponsored central bank digital currency.  This led to extensive street protests.
Mario Gooden
Mario Gooden (born 1965) is an architect in the United States. He is the director at Mario Gooden Studio based in New York, New York. He was previously the principal of Huff + Gooden Architects which he co-founded with Ray Huff in 1997. Gooden is also a Professor of Practice and Director of the Master of Architecture program at the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation (GSAPP) of Columbia University, where he teaches architectural design and theory. Gooden held previous academic appointments at the Yale School of Architecture as the Louis I. Khan Distinguished Visiting Professor, the Southern California Institute of Architecture (Sci-Arc) in Los Angeles, the University of Arizona (Tucson), the University of Florida (Gainesville), Clemson University, and The City College of New York.

Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation
The Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation (GSAPP) is the architecture school of Columbia University, a private research university in New York City. It is also home to the Masters of Science program in Advanced Architectural Design, Computational Design Practice, Critical Curatorial & Conceptual Practices, Historic Preservation, Real Estate Development, Urban Design, and Urban Planning.

The school's resources include the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library, the United States' largest architectural library and home to some of the first books published on architecture, as well as the origin of the Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals.

Recent deans of the school have included architects James Stewart Polshek (1972–1987), Bernard Tschumi (1988–2003), Mark Wigley (2004–2014), Amale Andraos (2014–2021), Weiping Wu (Interim Dean, 2022), and Andrés Jaque (2022–present).
Sheldon Whitehouse
Sheldon Whitehouse (born October 20, 1955) is an American politician and attorney serving as the junior United States senator from Rhode Island, a seat he has held since 2007. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the United States Attorney for the District of Rhode Island from 1993 to 1998, and as the 71st attorney general of Rhode Island from 1999 to 2003. He was elected to the Senate in 2006, defeating Republican incumbent Lincoln Chafee. He was reelected in 2012, 2018, and 2024.

A political progressive and climate hawk, Whitehouse became chair of the United States Senate Committee on the Budget in 2023. He has given hundreds of Senate floor speeches about climate change and asserted that politically conservative "dark money" groups are conducting a campaign to take control of the U.S. government, specifically the Supreme Court of the United States, to prevent climate action, among other reasons.

2012 United States Senate election in Rhode Island
The 2012 United States Senate election in Rhode Island was on November 6, 2012, alongside the presidential election, elections to the United States House of Representatives, and various state and local elections.

In the 2006 Senate election, former Attorney General of Rhode Island Sheldon Whitehouse defeated one-term Republican incumbent Lincoln Chafee. Chafee had been appointed to the Senate in 1999 when his father, the incumbent senator John Chafee died. He then won election to a first term in 2000. Whitehouse won 53.52% of the vote in 2006.

Incumbent Democratic Senator Sheldon Whitehouse was reelected to a second term in a landslide by a 30-point margin of 65% - 35%. This election was the first time since 1970 that the election for Rhode Island's Class 1 Senate seat did not feature a member of the Chafee family.
Alexander, Count of Schönburg-Glauchau
Alexander, Count of Schönburg-Glauchau (born August 15, 1969), known professionally as Alexander von Schönburg, is a German journalist and writer. He is, after his older brother Carl's abdication, the current head of the comital branch of the princely House of Schönburg.

Schönburg family
The House of Schönburg (also Schumburg; Czech: ze Šumburka) is an old noble family of princely and historically sovereign rank. It previously owned large properties in present-day Saxony, Thuringia and Bohemia. As a formerly ruling and mediatized family, it belongs to the Hochadel (German for 'high nobility'). The family today includes two princely branches and a comital branch.
Andrea Cavalleri
Andrea Cavalleri (born 1969) is an Italian physicist who specializes in optical science and in condensed matter physics. He is the founding director of the Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter in Hamburg, Germany and a professor of Physics at the University of Oxford. He was awarded the 2018 Frank Isakson Prize for his pioneering work on ultrafast optical spectroscopy applied to condensed matter systems.

Frank Isakson Prize
The Frank Isakson Prize for Optical Effects in Solids is a prize that has been awarded every second year by the American Physical Society since 1980. The recipient is chosen for "outstanding optical research that leads to breakthroughs in the condensed matter sciences." The prize is named after Frank Isakson, and as of 2007 it is valued at $5,000.
Connaught Rangers
The Connaught Rangers ("The Devil's Own") was an Irish line infantry regiment of the British Army formed by the amalgamation of the 88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers) (which formed the 1st Battalion) and the 94th Regiment of Foot (which formed the 2nd Battalion) in July 1881. Between the time of its formation and Irish independence, it was one of eight Irish regiments raised largely in Ireland. Its home depot was in Galway. It was disbanded following the establishment of the independent Irish Free State in 1922, along with the other five regiments that had their traditional recruiting grounds in the counties of the new state.

Irish military diaspora
The Irish military diaspora refers to the many people of either Irish birth or extraction (see Irish diaspora) who have served in overseas military forces, regardless of rank, duration of service, or success.

Many overseas military units were primarily made up of Irishmen (or members of the Irish military diaspora) and had the word 'Irish', an Irish place name or an Irish person in the unit's name. 'Irish' named military units took part in numerous conflicts throughout world history. The first military unit of this kind was in the Spanish Netherlands during the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Dutch. A notable example is that of Owen Roe O'Neill.
Malika Agueznay
Malika Agueznay (born 1934 in Marrakesh, Morocco) is a Moroccan visual artist. For her contributions to modern art and abstraction in the history of Moroccan visual art, she became internationally known as Morocco’s first woman Modernist artist and member of the experimental Casablanca Art School.

School of Fine Arts of Casablanca
The School of Fine Arts of Casablanca (Arabic: المدرسة العليا للفنون الجميلة بالدار البيضاء, French: l'Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Casablanca) is a Fine arts school established in 1919 in Casablanca, Morocco. It was the origin of the modernist Casablanca School art movement led by faculty members Farid Belkahia, Mohamed Melehi, and Mohamed Chabâa in the 1960s.
Derry Brabbs
Derry Brabbs is a British landscape photographer and author. From 1984 onwards he worked with Alfred Wainwright on a series of books, including Fellwalking with Wainwright which won the 1985  Lakeland Book of the Year.

He judged the annual photographic society of the Wainwright Society from 2003 to 2016; the 2016 winner Terry Abrams took over as judge from 2017.

In 2017 he published Pilgrimage (Frances Lincoln: ISBN 978-0711239005), after walking and photographing 10 major European pilgrim routes.

Alfred Wainwright
Alfred Wainwright MBE (17 January 1907 – 20 January 1991), who preferred to be known as A. Wainwright or A.W., was a British fellwalker, guidebook author and illustrator. His seven-volume Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells, published between 1955 and 1966 and consisting entirely of reproductions of his manuscript, has become the standard reference work to 214 of the fells of the English Lake District. Among his 40-odd other books is the first guide to the Coast to Coast Walk, a 182-mile (293-kilometre) long-distance footpath devised by Wainwright which remains popular today.
Chamoli district
Chamoli district is a district of the Uttarakhand state of India. It is bounded by China's Xizang Autonomous Region to the north, and by the Uttarakhand districts of Pithoragarh and Bageshwar to the east, Almora to the south, Pauri Garhwal to the southwest, Rudraprayag to the west, and Uttarkashi to the northwest. The administrative headquarters of Chamoli district is in Gopeshwar.

Chamoli hosts a variety of destinations of pilgrim and tourist interest including Badrinath, Hemkund Sahib and Valley of Flowers. The Chipko movement was first started in Chamoli.

Chamoli Gopeshwar
Chamoli Gopeshwar is a township in the Garhwal hills and a municipal board within Chamoli district. It is the administrative headquarters of the Chamoli District of Uttarakhand in India and is 1,450 m (4,760 ft) above sea level.
Jordynn Dudley
Jordynn Araya Dudley (born November 21, 2004) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Gotham FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She played college soccer for the Florida State Seminoles, leading the team to two national championships (2023 and 2025) and earning All-American honors all three years. She won bronze with the United States at the 2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup.

2025 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament
The 2025 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament was the 44th edition of the NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament, a postseason tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA Division I women's college soccer. The College Cup was played on December 5 and December 8 at CPKC Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri, and televised on ESPNU.

North Carolina were the defending national champion. North Carolina received an unseeded, at-large bid, and was unable to defend their title falling to TCU in penalties in the Round of 16.

Three teams from the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) and one team from the Big 12 Conference qualified for the college cup, and Florida State prevailed, claiming their fifth college cup.
Interstate 375 (Michigan)
Interstate 375 (I-375) is a north–south auxiliary Interstate Highway in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is the southernmost leg of the Walter P. Chrysler Freeway and a spur of I-75 into Downtown Detroit, ending at the unsigned Business Spur I-375 (BS I-375), better known as Jefferson Avenue. The freeway opened on June 12, 1964. At only 1.062 miles (1.709 km) in length, it once had the distinction of being the shortest signed Interstate Highway in the country before I-110 in El Paso, Texas, was signed. The Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) announced in 2021 plans to convert the freeway to a boulevard. Details of that project were revealed in April 2023 with MDOT reaffirming that construction is scheduled to begin in 2025.

Jefferson Avenue (Detroit)
Jefferson Avenue is a 63.71-mile-long (102.53 km) scenic road along the eastern part of the Detroit metropolitan area in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Michigan. It travels alongside Lake Erie, the Detroit River, and Lake St. Clair. This road also provides access to many recreational facilities in the area. West Jefferson Avenue is primarily commercial, while East Jefferson Avenue contains a historic residential district.
Latitude 43 Motorsports
Latitude 43 Motorsports is a disbanded NASCAR team that competed in the Sprint Cup Series in 2010. They last fielded the No. 26 Ford Fusion for Boris Said, Bill Elliott, David Stremme, and Patrick Carpentier. The team was started after Vermont businessman Bill Jenkins purchased the team from Roush Fenway Racing to satisfy NASCAR's limit of four cars per race team. As a result, the owner's points were transferred and the team was guaranteed entry into the first five races of 2010. The team folded at the end of the season, with the equipment and sponsors moving to crew chief Frank Stoddard's Go FAS Racing.

Go Fas Racing
Go Fas Racing (doing business as Circle Sport-Go Fas Racing LLC, and often stylized as Go FAS Racing) is an American professional stock car racing team that competes in the ASA STARS National Tour, and formerly in the NASCAR Cup Series. Founded by long-time crew chief Frank Allen Stoddard as FAS Lane Racing, it merged with Archie St. Hilaire's Go Green Racing in 2014. The team's last NASCAR Cup Series entry was the No. 32 Ford Mustang GT for Corey LaJoie. As of 2024, they compete in big late model events around the country with drivers Caden Kvapil and Brandon Barker, as well as sponsoring the ASA STARS National Tour's Go FAS Racing Pole Award.
Tammy Cochran
Tammy Cochran (born January 30, 1972) is an American country music artist. Signed to Epic Records Nashville in 2000, she released her self titled debut album in 2001, followed a year later by Life Happened. These two albums produced a total of six chart singles for her on the Billboard country charts between 2000 and 2003, of which the highest-charting was "Angels in Waiting" at No. 9. A third album, Where I Am, followed in 2007.

Tammy Cochran (album)
Tammy Cochran is the debut studio album by American country music artist of the same name. It was released on May 1, 2001 by Epic Records. It was peaked at #27 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart. The album includes the singles "If You Can", "So What", "Angels in Waiting" and "I Cry."