hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mandibulata
The clade Mandibulata constitutes one of the major subdivisions of the phylum Arthropoda, alongside Chelicerata. Mandibulates include the myriapods (centipedes and millipedes, among others), and the pancrustaceans (including all true insects). The name "Mandibulata" refers to the mandibles, a modified pair of limbs used in food processing, the presence of which are characteristic of most members of the group.

The mandibulates are divided between the extant groups Myriapoda (millipedes and centipedes, among others) and Pancrustacea (including crustaceans and hexapods, the latter group containing insects). Molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that the living arthropods are related as shown in the cladogram below. Crustaceans do not form a monophyletic group as insects and other hexapods have evolved from within them.

A number of extinct groups have also been placed in Mandibulata, including Hymenocarina, Euthycarcinoidea, and Fuxianhuiida.

Cladogram after O’Flynn et al, 2023:

Pancrustacea
Pancrustacea is the clade that comprises all crustaceans and all hexapods (insects and relatives). This grouping is contrary to the Atelocerata hypothesis, in which Hexapoda and Myriapoda are sister taxa, and Crustacea are only more distantly related. As of 2010, the Pancrustacea taxon was considered well accepted, with most studies recovering Hexapoda within Crustacea. The clade has also been called Tetraconata, referring to having a four-part cone in the ommatidium. The term "Tetraconata" is preferred by some scientists in order to avoid confusion with the use of "pan-" to indicate a clade that includes a crown group and all of its stem group representatives.
Four-engined jet aircraft
A four-engined jet, sometimes called a quadjet, is a jet aircraft powered by four engines. The presence of four engines offers increased power and redundancy, allowing such aircraft to be used as airliners, freighters, and military aircraft. Many of the first purpose-built jet airliners had four engines, among which stands the de Havilland Comet, the world's first commercial jetliner. In the decades following their introduction, their use has gradually declined due to a variety of factors, including the approval of twin-engine jets to fly farther from diversion airports as reliability increased, and an increased emphasis on fuel efficiency.

Twinjet
A twinjet or twin-engine jet is a jet aircraft powered by two engines. A twinjet is able to fly well enough to land with a single working engine, making it safer than a single-engine aircraft in the event of an engine failure. Fuel efficiency of a twinjet is better than that of aircraft with more engines. These considerations have led to the widespread use of aircraft of all types with twin engines, including airliners, fixed-wing military aircraft, and others.
Benjamin Wani Yugusuk
Benjamin Wani Yugusuk (1928, in Thobole, Juba – 23 May 2000, in Kosti) was a Sudanese Anglican (Episcopalian) bishop. He was the second archbishop and primate of the Episcopal Church of Sudan, from 1988 to 1998.

Province of the Episcopal Church of South Sudan
The Province of the Episcopal Church of South Sudan, formerly known as the Episcopal Church of Sudan, is a province of the Anglican Communion located in South Sudan. The province consists of eight Internal Provinces (each led by an archbishop) and 61 dioceses (each headed by a bishop). The current archbishop and primate is Justin Badi Arama. It received the current naming after the inception of the Province of the Episcopal Church of Sudan, on 30 July 2017.
Loch Long, Highlands
Loch Long is a sea loch situated on the western coast of Scotland, in the Highlands.  It is a popular destination for tourists and fishers.

The nearby Eilean Donan Castle stands at the confluence of Loch Long, Loch Duich and Loch Alsh.

Loch Long, Loch Duich and Loch Alsh were together designated as a Nature Conservation Marine Protected Area in 2014. The designation is in place to protect the lochs' burrowed mud and their flame shell beds.

Loch Alsh
Loch Alsh (Scottish Gaelic: Loch Aillse, "foaming lake") is a sea inlet between the isle of Skye in the Inner Hebrides and the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. The name is also used to describe the surrounding country and the feudal holdings around the loch. The area is rich in history, and is increasingly popular with tourists.

The hilly country around Loch Alsh has a temperate, well-watered climate. There is some pasture and woodland, but much of the area is moorland. The rocks are ancient Precambrian Gneiss, some of the oldest in the world, much eroded.
Aphrodisias
Aphrodisias (/æfrəˈdɪsiəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀφροδισιάς, romanized: Aphrodisiás) was a Hellenistic Greek city in the historic Caria cultural region of western Asia Minor, today's Anatolia in Turkey. It is located near the modern village of Geyre, about 100 km (62 mi) east/inland from the coast of the Aegean Sea, and 230 km (140 mi) southeast of İzmir.

Aphrodisias was named after Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love, who had here her unique cult image, the Aphrodite of Aphrodisias. According to the Suda, a Byzantine encyclopedic compilation, before the city became known as Aphrodisias (c. 3rd century BC) it had three previous Greek names: Lelégōn Pólis (Λελέγων πόλις, "City of the Leleges"), Megálē Pólis (Μεγάλη Πόλις, "Great City"), and Ninóē (Νινόη).

Sometime before 640, in the Late Antique period when it was within the Byzantine Empire, the city was renamed Stauropolis (Σταυρούπολις, "City of the Cross").

In 2017, it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site list.

Caria
Caria (/ˈkɛəriə/; from Greek: Καρία, Karia; Turkish: Karya) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Carians were described by Herodotus as being Anatolian mainlanders and they called themselves Caria because of the name of their king. He reports the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian. Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges, which could be an earlier name for Carians.
Vuk Mandušić
Vuk Mandušić (Serbian Cyrillic: Вук Мандушић; Vučen Mandušić, Vucen Mandussich; fl. 1645 – died 13 July 1648) was the capo direttore of the Morlach army, one of the most prominent harambaša (rebel leaders) in the Dalmatian hinterland, that fought the Ottoman Empire during the Cretan War (1645–69). He is one of the heroes renowned in both Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian epic poetry. The Montenegro poet-prince-bishop Petar II Petrović Njegoš immortalized him in one of his epic poems, Gorski vjenac, also known in English translation as Mountain Wreath.

Morlachs (Venetian irregulars)
The Morlach troops was an irregular military group in the Dalmatian hinterland, composed of Morlachs (a pre-modern ethnic identity of Slavic speaking people of diverse ethnic origin), that was hired by the Republic of Venice to fight the Ottoman Empire during the Cretan War (1645–69) and the Great Turkish War (1683–99).
Hohenzollern Redoubt
The Hohenzollern Redoubt (Hohenzollernwerk) was a strongpoint of the German 6th Army on the Western Front during the First World War, at Auchy-les-Mines near Loos-en-Gohelle in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France. Named after the House of Hohenzollern, the redoubt was fought for by German and British forces. Engagements took place from the Battle of Loos (25 September – 14 October 1915) to the beginning of the Battle of the Somme on 1 July 1916, including the action of the Hohenzollern Redoubt in 1915 and the British Attack at the Hohenzollern Redoubt from 2 to 18 March 1916.

Battle of Loos
The Battle of Loos took place from 25 September to 8 October 1915 in France on the Western Front, during the First World War. It was the biggest British attack of 1915, the first time that the British used gas as a weapon and the first mass engagement of New Army divisions. The French and British tried to break through the German defences in Artois in the north and Champagne at the south end of the Noyon Salient to restore a war of movement.

Despite improved methods, more ammunition, better equipment and gas, the Franco–British attacks were contained by the Germans, except for local losses of ground. The British gas attack failed sufficiently to neutralise the defenders and the artillery bombardment was too short to destroy barbed wire and machine-gun nests. German defensive fortifications and tactics could not be overcome by the British who were still assembling a mass army suitable for Western Front conditions.
Sky Uno
Sky Uno (English: Sky One) is an Italian entertainment television channel, based on the defunct reality television channel SKY Vivo, both owned and operated by Sky Italia.

It broadcasts Italian dubs of the shows The X Factor, Got Talent, The Apprentice, MasterChef, MasterChef Junior, Hell's Kitchen and Top Gear.

The channel began broadcasting in high-definition on 20 October 2011.

Sky Italia
Sky Italia S.r.l. is an Italian satellite television platform owned by the American media conglomerate Comcast. Sky Italia also broadcasts three national free-to-air television channels: TV8, Cielo, and Sky TG24.

Pay TV services on the Sky Italia satellite platform are broadcast on the Hot Bird satellites at 13.0°E and are encrypted in NDS VideoGuard.
Vietnam People's Navy
The Vietnam People's Navy (VPN; Vietnamese: Hải quân nhân dân Việt Nam), internally the Naval Service (Vietnamese: Quân chủng Hải quân (QCHQ)), also known as the Vietnamese People's Navy or the Vietnamese Navy (Vietnamese: Hải quân Việt Nam), is the naval branch of the Vietnam People's Army and is responsible for the protection of the country's national waters, islands, and interests of the maritime economy, as well as for the co-ordination of maritime police, customs service and the border defence force.

The VPN also maintains a naval infantry arm, the Vietnam People's Navy Naval Infantry, which, according to the International Institute of Strategic Studies, in 2025 constituted the majority of the VPN, with 27,000 naval infantrymen.

Vietnam People's Navy Naval Infantry
The Vietnam People's Navy Naval Infantry (VPN NI or simply NI) Vietnamese: Lữ đoàn Hải quân Đánh bộ) are a component of the Vietnam People's Navy (VPN) which is responsible for garrisoning personnel on islands and naval bases, as well as VPN vessels and other maritime/naval assets. The NI is additionally charged with conducting amphibious operations and generally defending Vietnam's territorial sovereignty and territorial waters. The Vietnamese government describes the NI as "marines."

According to the International Institute of Strategic Studies, in 2025 the NI had 27,000 naval infantrymen, constituting the majority of the VPN.
Boudewijn Binkhorst
Hans Boudewijn Binkhorst  (17 September 1942 – 16 July 2021) was a Dutch sailor who represented his country at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Acapulco. Binkhorst, on the Dutch Finn, took the 19th place. Since in 1980 The Netherlands did boycott the Moscow Olympic Games Binkhorst in the Star represented his National Olympic Committee under the Dutch NOC flag . With crew member Kobus Vandenberg. They took 6th place. The last Olympic appearance of Binkhorst was during the 1984 Olympics again in the Star and this time with crew Willem van Walt Meijer. They took eighth place.

Willem van Walt Meijer
Willem Scato van Walt Meijer (born 8 July 1958 in Rotterdam) is a sailor from the Netherlands, Since the Netherlands did boycott the Moscow Olympic Games Van Walt Meijer represented his National Olympic Committee at the 1980 Summer Olympics, which was boycotted by several countries, in Tallinn, USSR under the Dutch NOC flag. With Govert Brasser as crew, Van Walt Meijer took the 5th place in the Tornado. Van Walt Meijer returned as crew with Boudewijn Binkhorst in the Star to the 1984 Olympics. There they took 8th place.
52nd Battalion (Australia)
The 52nd Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army. It was originally raised in 1916 as part of the Australian Imperial Force for service during World War I. After training in Egypt, the battalion took part in the fighting in the trenches of the Western Front in France and Belgium, including major battles at Mouquet Farm, Messines, Polygon Wood,  Dernancourt and Villers-Bretonneux. In May 1918, the battalion was disbanded  to provide reinforcements for other depleted Australian units. After the war, the battalion was re-raised as a part-time unit in Victoria in 1921 and served until 1930 when it was amalgamated with the 37th Battalion to become the 37th/52nd Battalion. In 1936, the battalion was re-formed and during the early part of World War II it undertook garrison duties in Australia before being merged once again with the 37th Battalion in 1942.

37th Battalion (Australia)
The 37th Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army. It was originally raised in 1916 for service during the World War I and took part in the fighting in the trenches of the Western Front in France and Belgium and was disbanded in 1918. In 1921, the battalion was re-raised as part of the part-time Citizens Forces, although it was later amalgamated with the 52nd Battalion in 1930 due to manpower shortages. In 1937, the battalion was briefly re-raised in its own right before being amalgamated with the 39th Battalion. It later returned to the order of battle in its own right as the Australian military was expanded due to concerns of a future war in Europe. Following the outbreak of World War II, the 37th Battalion served in a garrison role until 1942 when it was once again amalgamated with the 52nd Battalion.
Monster of Ravenna
The Monster of Ravenna was a possibly apocryphal late Renaissance-era monstrous birth whose appearance in early 1512 near the city of Ravenna was widely reported in contemporary European pamphlets and diaries. Images of its grotesque features were interpreted symbolically by opponents of both the Catholic Church and the Protestant Reformation, although a more common explanation at the time was that the beast was an omen regarding the outcome of the Battle of Ravenna (1512). Modern medical consensus identifies the monster as a child with some variety of severe congenital disorder.

Monstrous birth
A monstrous birth is a birth in which a defect renders the animal or human child so malformed that it is considered "monstrous". Historically, such births were often interpreted as omens, signs of God, or moral warnings, and used by society as a tool for manipulation. The development of obstetrics helped to dispel spurious associations with evil, but the historical significance of these fetuses remains noteworthy. In early and medieval Christianity, monstrous births were presented as posing difficult theological problems about humanity and salvation.
Nauruan passport
The Nauruan passport is an international travel document that is issued to citizens of  Nauru.

As of September 21st, 2025, Nauruan citizens had visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 86 countries and territories, ranking the Nauruan passport 59th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

Visa requirements for Nauruan citizens
Visa requirements for Nauruan citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Nauru. As of September 2025, Nauruan citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 86 countries and territories, ranking the Nauruan passport 59th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.
Carlton Food Network
Carlton Food Network (later known as Taste CFN from May 2001) was a British pay television digital terrestrial channel, owned by Carlton Television. It launched at midday on 2 September 1996 and closed on 30 November 2001. It was part of a group of non-terrestrial channels operated by Carlton, which also included Carlton Select – with whom Carlton Food Network time-shared space with – Carlton World, Carlton Kids, and Carlton Cinema.

The channel was also available via the PanAmSat's PAS-4 satellite in Europe, the Middle East and Africa on the South African DStv service.

Carlton Select
Carlton Select was a British digital television channel, owned by Carlton Television. It was originally launched on Thursday 1 June 1995 as SelecTV, by the independent production company of the same name, before being purchased by Carlton in 1996 who relaunched it as Carlton Select.

The channel was also available via satellite in Africa, on the South African DStv service, from the start of the platform to the shutdown of the channel.
Eastern Cemetery (Louisville)
Eastern Cemetery is a 28-acre cemetery located at 641 Baxter Avenue in Louisville, Kentucky, United States, abutting Cave Hill Cemetery. It contains about 16,000 graves, though documentation for about 138,000 bodies. This imbalance is due to the cemetery formerly being a site for mass paupers' graves and from the reuse of grave sites.

Cave Hill Cemetery
Cave Hill Cemetery is a 296-acre (1.20 km2) Victorian era National Cemetery and arboretum located at Louisville, Kentucky. Its main entrance is on Baxter Avenue and there is a secondary one on Grinstead Drive. It is the largest cemetery by area and number of burials in Louisville.

Cave Hill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. Cave Hill National Cemetery, containing military graves, is also on the National Register, added in 1998.
80 Queen Street
80 Queen Street, formerly the Deloitte Centre, is a skyscraper office tower in Queen Street, Auckland, New Zealand. Built between 2006–2009, it contains 18 levels of offices as well as four basement car parks and three levels of plant, and a special two-storey high architectural feature on the top giving a total height of 100 metres (330 feet). The building was one of the first skyscrapers to have a 5 star in the 'Green Star' environmental rating.

Queen Street, Auckland
Queen Street is the major commercial thoroughfare in the Auckland CBD, Auckland, New Zealand's largest city. The northern end is at Queens Wharf on the Auckland waterfront, adjacent to the Britomart Transport Centre and the Downtown Ferry Terminal. The road is close to straight, the southern end being almost three kilometres away in a south-southwesterly direction on the Karangahape Road ridge, close to the residential suburbs in the interior of the Auckland isthmus.
Balochistan Rural Support Programme
Balochistan Rural Support Programme (BRSP) was a project funded by the German technical cooperation agency Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) in the early 1980s which was converted into the Balochistan Rural Support Programme in 1991. It is a Non Government Organization (NGO), part of the Rural Support Programmes Network, working in rural areas of Balochistan, Pakistan.

In the mid-1990s, BRSP worked in 13 Districts of Balochistan with 250 staff members; however, it had to scale down its operations substantially in the subsequent years as GIZ withdrew its support. BRSP resumed its operations in 2001 with financial support from Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF).

Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund
Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF) is a Pakistani not-for-profit company based on the model of public-private partnership. PPAF aims to promote an effective approach to poverty alleviation across Pakistan. A number of leading multilateral, bilateral, and international corporate institutions such as the World Bank contribute to PPAF’s poverty reduction goal by providing financial support and funds to promote grassroot development. This 'Fund' mostly helps by providing microfinance loans (very small loans) to the very poor households to help lift them out of poverty.
Eugene Basic Materials Company
Eugene Basic Materials Company is a South Korean chemical manufacturing company specializing in slag and cement.  It is headquartered in Susong-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul.  It is a member of the Eugene Group of companies, and was established in 1999.

The CEO is Choi Jeong Ho (최정호).

Eugene Group
Eugene Group (Korean: 유진그룹) is a large South Korean chaebol (conglomerate), producing industry, media, construction, and confectionery products that was founded in 1954. It also has subsidiaries that provide financial, IT, advertising, broadcasting, logistics, and food services. In addition, it operates a couple golf courses and home improvement stores.
Chorded keyboard
A keyset or chorded keyboard (also called a chorded keyset, chord keyboard or chording keyboard) is a computer input device that allows the user to enter characters or commands formed by pressing several keys together, like playing a "chord" on a piano. The large number of combinations available from a small number of keys allows text or commands to be entered with one hand, leaving the other hand free. A secondary advantage is that it can be built into a device (such as a pocket-sized computer or a bicycle handlebar) that is too small to contain a normal-sized keyboard.

A chorded keyboard minus the board, typically designed to be used while held in the hand, is called a keyer. Douglas Engelbart introduced the chorded keyset as a computer interface in 1968 at what is often called "The Mother of All Demos".

Keyer
A keyer is an electronic device used for signaling by hand, by way of pressing one or more switches.
The technical term keyer has two very similar meanings, which are nonetheless distinct: One for telegraphy and the other for accessory devices built for computer-human communication:

For radio-telegraphy, the term "keyer" specifically refers to a device which converts signals from an "iambic" type or "sideswiper" type telegraph key into Morse code for transmission, but excludes the key itself.

For computer human interface devices, "keyer" generally refers to both a single-hand multi-switch and the electronics which interpret the user key-presses and send the corresponding signals to the computer.
Mariah May
Mariah May Mead (born 4 August 1998) is an English professional wrestler. As of June 2025, she is signed to WWE, where she performs on the NXT brand under the ring name Blake Monroe. She is a former one-time NXT Women's North American Champion. Mead is also known for her tenure in All Elite Wrestling (AEW), where she performed under a slightly shortened version of her real name, Mariah May.

Mead first started as a professional wrestling ring announcer in 2018 before debuting as a wrestler in 2019, after which she performed for independent promotions such as Revolution Pro Wrestling. She moved to Japan to make her World Wonder Ring Stardom debut in 2022 and became a Goddesses of Stardom Champion with her Club Venus teammate Mina Shirakawa. She then joined the American promotion AEW from 2023 to 2025, where she was a one-time AEW Women's World Champion.

Mina Shirakawa
Mina Shirakawa (白川未奈, Shirakawa Mina; born December 26, 1987) is a Japanese professional wrestler and tarento. As of May 2025, she is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW). She also makes appearances for New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and Ring of Honor (ROH), where she is a former one-time interim ROH Women's World Television Champion.

Shirakawa first gained recognition for her time in World Wonder Ring Stardom, where she became a two-time Artist of Stardom Champion, one-time Wonder of Stardom Champion, one-time Goddesses of Stardom Champion, and one-time Future of Stardom Champion. She was also a founding member of Cosmic Angels and the leader of Club Venus, later becoming co-leader alongside Maika when the group was rebranded as Empress Nexus Venus.