hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fort Missoula
Fort Missoula was established by the United States Army in 1877 on land that is now part of the city of Missoula, Montana, to protect settlers in Western Montana from possible threats from the Native American Indians, such as the Nez Perce.

Beginning in 1888, the fort was home to the famous Buffalo Soldiers of the 25th Infantry Regiment (3rd Formation). While stationed at Fort Missoula, this unit tested the practicality of soldiers traveling by bicycles by conducting numerous training rides, with one ride all the way to St. Louis, Missouri. The Trans-America Bicycle Trail established in 1976 goes through Missoula, and covers some of the routes pedaled by the 25th Regiment.

During World War II, Fort Missoula housed an internment camp for Italian detainees, who called the area Bella Vista, and Japanese Americans arrested as "enemy aliens" after Pearl Harbor.

Fort Missoula Internment Camp
Fort Missoula Internment Camp was an internment camp operated by the United States Department of Justice during World War II. Japanese Americans and Italian Americans were imprisoned here during this war.
Libro d'Oro della Nobiltà italiana (private publication)
The Libro d'oro della Nobiltà italiana (Golden Book of Italian Nobility) is a private, unofficial publication in Italian containing anagraphic and biographical data of certain Italian noble and notable families published at irregular intervals under the auspices of the Collegio Araldico – Istituto araldico romano (College of Heraldry – Heraldic Institute of Rome) until 2010 it was published by Roberto Colonnello Editore, owned by Roberto Colonnello Bertini Frassoni, then hereditary Secretary General of the Association, and since 2014 it has been published by Ettore Gallelli, who formally took it over by registering it with the General Public Office for works protected by copyright, under the supervision of the Italian Ministry of Culture (art. 103 L. 633/1941).

This is one of several publications on the subject on the book market, and should not be confused with the Libro d'Oro della Nobiltà italiana compiled by the Consulta Araldica (Heraldic Council) of the Kingdom of Italy.

Libro d'Oro della Nobiltà italiana (official register)
The Libro d'oro della Nobiltà italiana is a public and official register compiled both during the Regno d'Italia and in the Italian Republic before 1962. It contains the list of families registered by a "provision of Grace" (motu proprio of the King, i.e. a concession) or justice (recognition of an ancient noble title by the Consulta Araldica). Each family is treated on one or more pages, which include: country of origin, habitual residence of the family, noble titles and attributes with an indication of the origin and succession of noble titles, royal and governmental regulations, blazons and a part of the documented genealogy.

This first and most important official nobiliary register of the Kingdom of Italy should not be confused with Libro d'Oro della Nobiltà italiana of the same name, which are instead only private works still published both in Rome and Savigliano, a small town near Cuneo.
Langelurillus manifestus
Langelurillus manifestus is a species of jumping spider in the genus Langelurillus that lives in Tanzania. It was first described in 2000 by Wanda Wesołowska and Anthony Russell-Smith. The spider is small, with a carapace that is between 2.1 and 2.5 mm (0.083 and 0.098 in) long and an abdomen between 2.0 and 2.2 mm (0.079 and 0.087 in) long. The female carapace is lighter than the male and has a pattern of irregular patches, which may also be found in some examples of the female abdomen. The male abdomen is lighter and has a fawn streak down the middle. The legs are brown, the female having dark rings on its legs. It is similar to other related species, particularly Langelurillus rufus, but can be distinguished by the male's larger size and lighter coloration. The female has an oval epigyne that leads to seminal ducts that are shorter than Langelurillus rufus but longer than Langelurillus squamiger.

Langelurillus squamiger
Langelurillus squamiger  is a species of jumping spider that lives in South Africa. A member of the genus Langelurillus, the species was first described in 2018 by the arachnologists Wanda Wesołowska and Charles Haddad. It is small, the male being slightly smaller than the female, with a forward section, or cephalothorax, that is between 1.9 and 2.4 mm (0.075 and 0.094 in) long and, behind that, an abdomen between 1.5 and 2.4 mm (0.059 and 0.094 in) long. It is generally dark brown, with an orange pattern on the abdomen. It is very similar to other spiders in the genus, but differs in its copulatory organ. The shape of the male's tibial apophyses are distinctive as is the way that the female has both lobes at the back of the epigyne and short seminal ducts. The spider lives amongst the leaves at the base of trees and eats Odontotermes termites alongside the jumping spiders Stenaelurillus guttiger and Stenaelurillus modestus.
Lloyd Sabaudo
The Lloyd Sabaudo was a Shipping transport line formed in Turin in 1906. It began passenger service in 1907, expanding to link Italy to ports in Asia as well as North and South America. In 1932 it merged with several other Italian shipping lines to form the Italian Line.

Italian Line
Known as Italian Line and from 1992 Italia Line, whose official name was Italia di Navigazione S.p.A., was a passenger shipping line that operated regular transatlantic services between Italy and the United States, and Italy and South America. During the late 1960s the company turned to running cruises, and from 1981 it became a global freight operator.
Sinfjötli
Sinfjötli (Old Norse: Sinfjǫtli [ˈsinˌfjɔtli]) or Fitela (in Old English) in Norse mythology was born out of the incestuous relationship between Sigmund and his sister Signy. He had the half-brothers Sigurd, Helgi Hundingsbane and Hamund.

Hámundr
Hámundr is a minor character in Norse mythology.

Hámundr is known for two roles. He was the son of Sigmund and the brother of Sigurd, Helgi Hundingsbane and Sinfjötli. He is apparently the same character as the father of Haki and Hagbard, two legendary sea-kings. His son Hagbard fell in love with Signy, a relative of Sigmund's enemy Siggeir (see Hagbard and Signy).
Kraków Ghetto
The Kraków Ghetto official name: Jewish Residential District in Krakow  (German: Der jüdische Wohnbezirk in Krakau) was one of five major metropolitan Nazi ghettos created by Germany in the new General Government territory during the German occupation of Poland in World War II. It was established for the purpose of exploitation, terror, and persecution of local Polish Jews. The ghetto was later used as a staging area for separating the "able workers" from those to be deported to extermination camps in Operation Reinhard. The ghetto was liquidated between June 1942 and March 1943, with most of its inhabitants deported to the Belzec extermination camp as well as to Płaszów slave-labor camp, and Auschwitz concentration camp, 60 kilometres (37 mi) rail distance.

Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp
Plaszow (Polish pronunciation: [ˈpwaʂof]), officially named Plaszow concentration camp near Krakow (German: Konzentrationslager Plaszow bei Krakau), was a German Nazi concentration camp operated by the SS in the area of Podgórze and Wola Duchacka near Płaszów, a southern suburb of Kraków, in the General Governorate of German-occupied Poland. Most of the prisoners were Polish Jews who were targeted for destruction by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. Many prisoners died because of executions, forced labor, and the poor conditions in the camp. The camp was evacuated in January 1945, before the Red Army's liberation of the area on 20 January.
Senna bicapsularis
Senna bicapsularis is a species of the legume genus Senna, native to northern South America, from Panama south to Venezuela and Colombia, and also the West Indies. Common names include rambling senna (formerly "cassia"), winter cassia, Christmas bush, money bush, and yellow candlewood. In Florida, Senna pendula is usually cultivated as, and misapplied to, S. bicapsularis.

Senna pendula
Senna pendula, also known as Easter Cassia, Christmas Senna, winter Senna, climbing Cassia, golden shower, pendant Senna and valamuerto, is a plant of the Fabaceae family with a shrub habit that is native to South America. It used in various parts of the world as an ornamental plant and is an environmental weed in Australia. The flowers are yellow and the name pendula means 'pendulous' or 'drooping'.
Essential fatty acid interactions
There is a wide variety of fatty acids found in nature. Two classes of fatty acids are considered essential, the omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Essential fatty acids are necessary for humans but cannot be synthesized by the body and must therefore be obtained from food. Omega-3 and omega-6 are used in some cellular signaling pathways and are involved in mediating inflammation, protein synthesis, and metabolic pathways in the human body.

Arachidonic acid (AA) is a 20-carbon omega-6 essential fatty acid. It sits at the head of the "arachidonic acid cascade," which initiates 20 different signalling pathways that control a wide array of biological functions, including inflammation, cell growth, and the central nervous system. Most AA in the human body is derived from dietary linoleic acid (18:2 ω-6), which is found in nuts, seeds, vegetable oils, and animal fats.

Arachidonic acid
Arachidonic acid (AA, sometimes ARA) is a polyunsaturated omega−6 fatty acid 20:4(ω−6), or 20:4(5,8,11,14). It is a precursor in the formation of leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes.

Together with omega−3 fatty acids and other omega−6 fatty acids, arachidonic acid provides energy for body functions, contributes to cell membrane structure, and participates in the synthesis of eicosanoids, which have numerous roles in physiology as signaling molecules.

It was named after the similarly structured Arachidic acid, a constituent of peanut oil whose name in turn derives from the ancient Greek neologism arachis 'peanut'. Peanut oil does not contain any arachidonic acid, itself. Arachidonate is the name of the derived carboxylate anion (conjugate base of the acid), salts, and some esters.
S Storm
S Storm is a 2016 Hong Kong crime action thriller film directed by David Lam and starring Louis Koo, Julian Cheung and Vic Chou. The film was released in China by Huace Pictures on September 14, 2016 and in Hong Kong on September 15, 2016.

It is the second installment in a pentalogy, preceded by Z Storm (2014) and succeeded by L Storm (2018), P Storm (2019) and G Storm (2021).

L Storm
L Storm is a 2018 Hong Kong action thriller film directed by David Lam, and starring Louis Koo and Julian Cheung, alongside Kevin Cheng, Stephy Tang, Patrick Tam, Michael Tse and Adam Pak in his debut film role.

The third installment in a pentalogy, preceded by Z Storm (2014) and S Storm (2016), and succeeded by P Storm (2019) and G Storm (2021), L Storm was theatrically released in Hong Kong on 23 August 2018.
Subboreal
The Subboreal is a climatic period, immediately before the present one, the subatlantic period. Both are part of the Holocene epoch. It lasted from 3710 to 450 BCE. During this time, conditions on earth were somewhat warmer and drier than the present with lower levels of carbon dioxide. There were important changes to vegetation, sea level, and the expansion of human civilizations, and the first instances of human recorded history.

Subatlantic
The Subatlantic is the current climatic age of the Holocene epoch. It started about 2,500 years BP and is still ongoing. Its average temperatures are slightly lower than during the preceding Subboreal and Atlantic. During its course, the temperature underwent several oscillations, which had a strong influence on fauna and flora and thus indirectly on the evolution of human civilizations. With intensifying industrialisation, human society started to stress the natural climatic cycles with increased greenhouse gas emissions.
JanSport
JanSport is an American brand of backpacks and collegiate apparel, now owned by VF Corporation, one of the world's largest apparel companies. JanSport is the world's largest backpack maker. Nearly half of all small backpacks sold in the United States are produced by JanSport and its sister brand The North Face, also owned by VF Corporation.

The North Face
The North Face is an American outdoor recreation products company. The North Face produces outdoor clothing, footwear, and related equipment. Founded in 1968 to supply climbers, the company's logo draws inspiration from Half Dome, a distinct rock formation rising over 8,700 feet (2,700 m) above sea level in Yosemite National Park. By the late 1990s, the label had expanded beyond outdoor enthusiasts by focusing on street couture and since the 2000s it has been regarded mainly as a streetwear style symbol label. In 2000, it was bought by VF Corporation.
2016 Sepang GP2 Series round
The 2016 Sepang GP2 Series round was a GP2 Series motor race held on 1 and 2 October 2016 at the Sepang International Circuit in Malaysia. It was the tenth round of the 2016 GP2 Series. The race weekend supported the 2016 Malaysian Grand Prix.

2016 Malaysian Grand Prix
The 2016 Malaysian Grand Prix (formally known as the 2016 Formula 1 Petronas Malaysia Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held on 2 October 2016 at the Sepang International Circuit in Selangor, Malaysia. The race marked the thirty-fifth running of the Malaysian Grand Prix and the eighteenth time that the race had been run as a World Championship event since the first race in 1999.

Daniel Ricciardo won the race, with teammate Max Verstappen finishing second to secure Red Bull Racing's first 1–2 finish since the introduction of hybrid engines in 2014 and the team's last one until the 2022 Emilia Romagna Grand Prix. Rosberg completed the podium, extending his championship lead to twenty-three points following the retirement of Lewis Hamilton. This was Ricciardo's first win since the 2014 Belgian Grand Prix.
Time in India
India uses one time zone, the Indian Standard Time (IST), which equates to UTC+05:30, i.e. five and a half hours ahead of the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Though India geographically spans across two time zones, it uses a single time zone across its territories. India currently does not observe daylight saving time.

The official time signal is given by the Time and Frequency Standards Laboratory in New Delhi. The IANA time zone database mentions the zone pertaining to IST as Asia/Kolkata, based on Kolkata, because it was the most populous city in the zone at the time the zone was set up. Various time notations are used depending on the usage.

Indian Standard Time
Indian Standard Time (IST), sometimes also called India Standard Time, is the time zone observed throughout the Republic of India, with a time offset of UTC+05:30. India does not observe daylight saving time or other seasonal adjustments. In military and aviation time, IST is designated E* ("Echo-Star"). It is indicated as Asia/Kolkata in the IANA time zone database.
United States Senate chamber
The United States Senate chamber is a room in the north wing of the United States Capitol that has served as the legislative chamber of the United States Senate, since January 4, 1859. The Senate first convened in its current meeting place after utilizing Federal Hall, Congress Hall, and the Old Senate Chamber in the Capitol building for the same purpose.

The chamber, designed by then-Architect of the Capitol Thomas Ustick Walter, is a rectangular two-story room with 100 individual desks, one per Senator, on a multi-tiered semicircular platform facing a central rostrum in the front of the room. The Senate floor itself is overlooked on all four sides by a gallery on the second floor. The Senate floor itself is 80 by 113 feet (24 by 34 m).

Old Senate Chamber
The Old Senate Chamber is a room in the United States Capitol that was the legislative chamber of the United States Senate from 1810 to 1859 and served as the Supreme Court chamber from 1860 until 1935. It was designed in Neoclassical style and is elaborately decorated. In 1976 as part of the United States Bicentennial celebrations, it was restored to the appearance of when it served the Senate in the 1850s; it is preserved as a museum and for the Senate's use.
Atlantique Department
Atlantique ([a.tlɑ̃.tik], "Atlantic") is one of the twelve departments in Benin. The department is located in south-central Benin along the Atlantic coast, between Mono and Kouffo Department in the west, Zou in the north, and Ouémé in the east. The department of Atlantique was bifurcated in 1999 when some of its territories was transferred to the newly formed Littoral Department.

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 1,398,229, with 686,747 males and 711,482 females. The proportion of women was 50.90%. The total rural population was 55.50%, while the urban population was 44.50%. The total labour force in the department was 433,515, of which 43.40% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 39.20% and the proportion of households with children attending school was 77.30%.

Zou Department
Zou [zu] is one of the twelve departments of Benin, named for the Zou River which travels through the department before emptying into the Atlantic in the south of the country. The department of Zou was split in two in 1999, with the northern territory transferred to the newly created Collines Department. The capital of Zou is Abomey. Zou is subdivided into nine communes, each centred at one of the principal towns: Abomey, Agbangnizoun, Bohicon, Cové, Djidja, Ouinhi, Za-Kpota, Zangnanado and Zogbodomey.

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 851,580, with 407,030 males and 444,550 females. The proportion of women was 52.20%. The total rural population was 67.00%, while the urban population was 33.00%. The total labour force in the department was 275,249, of which 50.10% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 60.70% and the proportion of households with children attending school was 72.90%.
Politeness maxims
According to Geoffrey Leech, there is a politeness principle with conversational maxims similar to those formulated by Paul Grice. He lists six maxims: tact, generosity, approbation, modesty, agreement, and sympathy. The first and second form a pair, as do the third and the fourth. These maxims vary from culture to culture: what may be considered polite in one culture may be strange or downright rude in another.

Politeness
Politeness is the practical application of good manners or etiquette so as not to offend others and to put them at ease. It is a culturally defined phenomenon, and therefore what is considered polite in one culture can sometimes be quite rude or simply eccentric in another cultural context.

While the goal of politeness is to refrain from behaving in an offensive way so as not to offend others, and to make all people feel relaxed and comfortable with one another, these culturally defined standards at times may be broken within the context of personal boundaries – this is known as positive politeness.
Lü Zuan
Lü Zuan (Chinese: 呂纂; died March 401), courtesy name Yongxu (永緒), also known by his posthumous name as Emperor Ling of Later Liang (後涼靈帝), was a monarch of the Di-led Later Liang dynasty of China, ruling as its Heavenly King. He was the oldest son of the founding emperor Lü Guang (Emperor Yiwu), but was not Lü Guang's rightful heir, as he was not born of Lü Guang's wife Princess Shi. After Lü Guang died in c.January 400, however, he seized the throne from his younger brother Lü Shao in a coup.

Lü Zuan was considered a capable general tactically, but not skilled in general strategy, and during his reign Later Liang's strength continued to be sapped, as it was during the late reign of Lü Guang, by attacks of rivals Northern Liang and Southern Liang dynasties. Despite this, Lü Zuan continued to occupy himself with hunting and other unimportant matters. In 401, he was assassinated by his cousin Lü Chao (呂超), who then supported his own older brother Lü Long as emperor.

Lü Shao
Lü Shao (Chinese: 呂紹; died c.February 400), courtesy name Yongye (永業), also known by his posthumous name as the Prince Yin of Later Liang (後涼隱王), was briefly the second ruler of the Di-led Later Liang dynasty of China, ruling as its Heavenly King. He was a son of the founding emperor Lü Guang (Emperor Yiwu), but not his oldest son. Rather, he was considered Lü Guang's rightful heir because he was born of Lü Guang's wife. (His mother is therefore likely Princess Shi, although he could also be born of an even earlier wife.) His birth year is unknown, but he referred to himself as not yet 19 when he took the throne briefly in 400.
Coliseo Iván de Bedout
Coliseo Iván de Bedout is an indoor sporting arena that is located in Medellín, Colombia. The arena is mainly used to host basketball and futsal games. The arena's seating capacity for basketball and futsal games is 6,000. The arena has been a part of the Medellín Sports Coliseum since 2009.

Medellín Sports Coliseum
Medellín Sports Coliseum (known in Spanish simply as the Coliseums (Spanish: Los Coliseos) or the Sport Coliseums (Spanish: Los Coliseos Deportivos), is a complex of five sports arenas located in Medellín, Colombia: the Guillermo Gaviria Correa Coliseum for Martial Arts, the Jorge Valderrama Coliseum for Handball, the Jorge Hugo Giraldo Coliseum for Gymnastics, the Iván de Beodut Coliseum for Basketball, and the Yesid Santos Coliseum for Volleyball. It is part of the larger Atanasio Girardot Sports Complex.

The five gymnasiums were designed by Giancarlo Mazzanti and Plan B Architects. Three coliseums were renovated and two new coliseums were constructed in 18 months and with CO$50 million in preparation for the 2010 South American Games. The design has a wavy sloped green roofline and an area of 493,000 square feet.
Renesas Electronics
Renesas Electronics Corporation (Japanese: ルネサス エレクトロニクス株式会社, Hepburn: Runesasu Erekutoronikusu Kabushiki Gaisha) is a Japanese semiconductor manufacturer headquartered in Tokyo. The name "Renesas" is a contraction of "Renaissance Semiconductor for Advanced Solutions." The company was established in 2002 as Renesas Technology through the merger of the semiconductor divisions of Hitachi and Mitsubishi Electric, excluding their DRAM businesses. In 2010, Renesas Technology merged with NEC Electronics to form the current company and adopting its present name.

Renesas was among the world's six largest semiconductor companies during the 2000s and early 2010s. As of 2023, it ranked 16th globally in semiconductor sales and second in Japan. In 2024, it ranked second in the automotive microcontroller (MCU) market behind Infineon Technologies, and third in the overall MCU market behind NXP Semiconductors and Infineon.

Mitsubishi Electric
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (三菱電機株式会社, Mitsubishi Denki kabushikigaisha; formerly branded as メルコ, MELCO) is a Japanese multinational electronics (appliances & consumer electronics) and electrical equipment manufacturing company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. The company was established in 1921 as a spin-off from the electrical machinery manufacturing division of Mitsubishi Shipbuilding (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries) at the Kobe Shipyard.

A member of the Mitsubishi Group, Mitsubishi Electric produces elevators and escalators, high-end home appliances, air conditioning, factory automation systems, train systems, electric motors, pumps, semiconductors, digital signage, and satellites.