hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Princess Marie of the Netherlands
Princess Marie of the Netherlands (Dutch: Prinses Wilhelmina Frederika Anna Elisabeth Marie der Nederlanden, Prinses van Oranje-Nassau; 5 June 1841 – 22 June 1910) was the fourth child and younger daughter of Prince Frederick of the Netherlands and wife of William, 5th Prince of Wied. She was the mother of William, Prince of Albania. Marie was also the last surviving grandchild of William I, King of the Netherlands.

Prince Frederick of the Netherlands
Prince Frederick of the Netherlands, Prince of Orange-Nassau (full names: Willem Frederik Karel; 28 February 1797, in Berlin – 8 September 1881, in Wassenaar), was the second son of William I of the Netherlands and his wife, Wilhelmine of Prussia.

Frederick was active in the military and political life of the Netherlands. He served as Commissary-general of the Department of War and as Chief Director of War and Navy, where he modernized the army according to the Prussian model. Frederick also led the Dutch troops during the Belgian Revolution in 1830. Additionally, he was a prominent Freemason and Grand Master of the Order of Freemasons. After his active career, he withdrew to his estate and played a mediating role within the royal family.
Glyndebourne Festival Opera: A Gala Evening
Glyndebourne Festival Opera: A Gala Evening was a 111-minute concert staged by Glyndebourne Festival Opera on 24 July 1992, performed by Kim Begley, Montserrat Caballé, Cynthia Haymon, Felicity Lott, Benjamin Luxon, Ruggero Raimondi and Frederica von Stade with the Glyndebourne Festival Chorus and the London Philharmonic Orchestra under the direction of Sir Andrew Davis and Sir Bernard Haitink. It was televised in the United Kingdom by the BBC and released on VHS Videocassette by Kultur Video and on DVD by Image Entertainment, Arthaus Musik and Geneon.

Andrew Davis (conductor)
Sir Andrew Frank Davis CBE (2 February 1944 – 20 April 2024) was an English conductor. He was the long-time chief conductor of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra, the BBC Symphony Orchestra and the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra. He was music director at the Glyndebourne Festival from 1988 to 2000, and especially known for conducting the traditional Last Night of The Proms, including Last Night speeches. He was music director and principal conductor of the Lyric Opera of Chicago from 2000 to the 2020/21 season.

Music critic Alan Blyth described Davis as "a conductor whose technical skill was enhanced by an inborn enthusiasm for and dedication to the task in hand that he was able to transfer to the forces before him."
Twenty Twelve
Twenty Twelve is a BBC television comedy series written and directed by John Morton. Starring Hugh Bonneville, Jessica Hynes and Amelia Bullmore, the programme is a spoof on-location mockumentary following the organisation of the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. It was first broadcast on UK television station BBC Four in March 2011 to coincide with the 500-day countdown to the opening ceremony.

Twenty Twelve gained mainly positive reviews from critics, and a four-part second series was announced on 15 April 2011, which began airing on 30 March 2012 on BBC Two. A further three episodes of series 2 began airing from 10 July 2012. The series' last episode was broadcast on 24 July 2012, three days before the opening ceremony of the London Olympic Games.

Several core characters went on to appear in a sequel, W1A, in 2014.

Hugh Bonneville
Hugh Richard Bonniwell Williams DL (born 10 November 1963), known professionally as Hugh Bonneville, is an English actor. He is best known for portraying Robert Crawley, Earl of Grantham, in the ITV historical drama series Downton Abbey from 2010 to 2015. His performance on the show earned him a nomination at the Golden Globes and two consecutive Primetime Emmy Award nominations, as well as three Actor Awards. He reprised his role in the feature films Downton Abbey (2019), Downton Abbey: A New Era (2022), and Downton Abbey: The Grand Finale (2025). He also acted in the films Notting Hill (1999), Iris (2001), The Monuments Men (2014), and the Paddington films (2014–present).

For Iris, Bonneville received a nomination for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role, which was followed by four nominations in the BAFTA Award for Best Male Comedy Performance category for portraying Ian Fletcher in Twenty Twelve (2011-2012) and W1A (2014-2017).
Steamboats of the Columbia River
Many steamboats operated on the Columbia River and its tributaries, in the Pacific Northwest region of North America, from about 1850 to 1981. Major tributaries of the Columbia that formed steamboat routes included the Willamette and Snake rivers. Navigation was impractical between the Snake River and the Canada–US border, due to several rapids, but steamboats also operated along the Wenatchee Reach of the Columbia, in northern Washington, and on the Arrow Lakes of southern British Columbia.

Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company
The Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company (OR&N) was a rail and steamboat transport company that operated a rail network of 1,143 miles (1,839 km) running east from Portland, Oregon, United States, to northeastern Oregon, northeastern Washington, and northern Idaho. It operated from 1896 as a consolidation of several smaller railroads.

OR&N was initially operated as an independent carrier, but Union Pacific (UP) purchased a majority stake in the line in 1898. It became a subsidiary of UP titled the Oregon–Washington Railroad and Navigation Company in 1910. In 1936, Union Pacific formally absorbed the system, which became UP's gateway to the Pacific Northwest.
No. 504 Squadron RAuxAF
No. 504 (County of Nottingham) Squadron was one of the Special Reserve Squadrons of the Auxiliary Air Force, and today is a reserve force of the RAF Regiment. It was integrated into the AAF proper in 1936. Based at RAF Cottesmore, Rutland, 504 Squadron used a variety of light bombers before being re-tasked to fighters with the Hawker Hurricane in 1939. It subsequently became a Fighter Squadron. Currently No. 504 Squadron no longer has a flying role, but as part of No 85 Expeditionary Logistics Wing of the RAF A4 Force.

Royal Auxiliary Air Force
The Royal Auxiliary Air Force (RAuxAF), formerly the Auxiliary Air Force (AAF), together with the Air Force Reserve, is a component of His Majesty's Reserve Air Forces (Reserve Forces Act 1996, Part 1, Para 1,(2),(c)).  It provides a primary reinforcement capability for the regular service, and consists of paid volunteers who give up some of their weekends, evenings and holidays to train at one of a number of squadrons around the United Kingdom. Its current mission is to provide trained personnel in support of the regular RAF.
Gushi County
Gushi (Chinese: 固始; pinyin: Gùshǐ) is a county of 1,023,857 people directly governed by Henan, People's Republic of China. It is administered by the prefecture-level city of Xinyang. With a total area of 2942.97 square kilometers and a registered population of 1,781,500 at the end of 2018, it is the county with the largest registered population in Henan.

Xinyang
Xinyang (simplified Chinese: 信阳; traditional Chinese: 信陽; pinyin: Xìnyáng; postal: Sinyang) is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Henan province, People's Republic of China, the southernmost administrative division in the province. Its total population was 6,234,401 according to the 2020 census. As of the 2010 census, 1,230,042 of them lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of two urban districts, Pingqiao and Shihe.
Fostech Origin 12
The Origin 12 is a semi-automatic magazine-fed combat shotgun, developed by Fostech Outdoors, which has a very high rate of fire.

Similar to the Saiga-12 and Vepr-12, the Origin 12 is primarily based on the AK action.

Saiga-12
The Saiga-12 (/ˈsaɪɡə/) is a shotgun manufacturered by the Russian company Kalashnikov Concern. It is either a semi-automatic shotgun on default, or an automatic shotgun when converted, is patterned on the Kalashnikov series of assault rifles, and available in a wide range of configurations. It is named after the Saiga antelope native to Russia.
Grandma Got Run Over by a Reindeer
"Grandma Got Run Over by a Reindeer" is a novelty Christmas song. Written by Randy Brooks, the song was originally performed by Elmo Shropshire in 1979 under the brand of Elmo and Patsy, the double act Shropshire had with his then-wife Patsy Trigg.

Elmo Shropshire
Elmo Earl Shropshire (born October 26, 1936) is an American veterinarian, competitive runner,  and country music singer. Shropshire, who typically performs under the name "Dr. Elmo", is best known for his Christmas novelty song "Grandma Got Run Over by a Reindeer". He originally recorded the song in 1979 with his then-wife Patsy, then re-recorded it solo for the 1992 album Dr. Elmo's Twisted Christmas and again in 2000 for the album Up Your Chimney. He also has recorded other songs, released on albums including Dr. Elmo's Twisted Tunes (1993) and Love, Death & Taxes (2000).
L129A1
The L129A1, also known as the L129A1 Sharpshooter Rifle, is a 7.62×51mm NATO designated marksman rifle manufactured by Lewis Machine & Tool Company (LMT) for the British Armed Forces.

It is a part of LMT's  Modular Weapon System (MWS) small arms family.

7.62×51mm NATO
The 7.62×51mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 7.62 NATO) is a rimless, bottlenecked, centerfire rifle cartridge. It is a standard for small arms among NATO countries.

First developed in the 1940s, the cartridge had first been introduced in U.S. service in 1954 for the M14 rifle and M60 machine gun.

The later adoption of the 5.56×45mm NATO intermediate cartridge and assault rifles as standard infantry weapon systems by NATO militaries started a trend to phase out the 7.62×51mm NATO in that role.
Many other firearms that use the 7.62×51mm NATO fully powered cartridge remain in service today, especially various designated marksman rifles/sniper rifles and medium machine guns/general-purpose machine guns (e.g. M24 Sniper Rifle and M240 Medium Machine Gun). The cartridge is also used on mounted and crew-served weapons that are mounted to vehicles, aircraft, and ships.
Sivaganga estate
The estate of Sivaganga, as per British records also known as Kingdom of the Lesser Marava, was a permanently settled zamindari estate in the Ramnad sub-division of Madura district, Madras Presidency, British India. Along the estate of Ramnad, it formed one of the two zamindari estates of Ramnad subdivision.

The Sivaganga Kingdom was ruled by a branch of the Marava royal family of Ramnad till 1790 by Rani Velu Nachiyar. After her death, Maruthu brothers ruled the kingdom from 1790–1801. After their death, the kingdom was reduced to a zamindari by the British in 1803. The zamindari was abolished through socialist reform on India's independence.

Velu Nachiyar
"Veeramangai" Rani Velu Nachiyar (3 January 1730 – 25 December 1796) was a queen of Sivaganga estate from c. 1780–1790. She was the first Indian queen to wage war with the East India Company (EIC) in India. She is proudly called by Tamils as Veeramangai ("brave woman").
Tatí Yupí Refuge
Tatí Yupí is a biological reserve in the district of Hernandarias, Alto Paraná Department, Paraguay. It is located on the right bank of the Paraná River and covers area of 2,245 hectares (5,550 acres). The reserve is one of 8 sites earmarked as the ecological reserve by the Itaipu, the largest dam in production in the world, located between Paraguay and Brazil.

Hernandarias, Paraguay
Hernandarias is a district and city of the Alto Paraná Department, Paraguay. It was named after  Hernando Arias de Saavedra, the first South American governor born in the Americas.  It is located across the highway from the Itaipu Dam.

Located 349 km from Asunción. It is known as the "Latin American Capital of Electric Power" and is part of the Gran Ciudad del Este.
Daishōji Domain
Daishōji Domain (大聖寺藩, Daishōji-han) was a tozama feudal domain of Edo period Japan  It was located in Kaga Province, in the Hokuriku region of Japan. The domain was centered at Daishōji jin'ya, located in the center of what is now the city of Kaga in Ishikawa Prefecture. It was ruled by a cadet branch of the Maeda clan.

The daimyō of Daishōji domain was subject to sankin-kōtai, and was received in the Ōhiroma of Edo Castle.

Kaga, Ishikawa
Kaga (加賀市, Kaga-shi) is a city located in southwestern Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 March 2018, the city had an estimated population of 67,793 in 29054 households, and a population density of 290 persons per km2. The total area of the city was 305.87 square kilometres (118.10 sq mi).
Basanta Kumar Biswas
Basanta Kumar Biswas (6 February 1895 – 11 May 1915) was an Indian pro-independence activist involved in the Jugantar group who, in December 1912, played a role in the bombing of the Viceroy's parade in what came to be known as the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy.

Biswas was one of the illustrious names of the early pro-independence activists of Bengal and the entire country. He was expert in bomb making and was initiated into revolutionary movement by Jugantar leaders Amarendranath Chattopadhyaya and Rash Behari Bose.

Rash Behari Bose
Rashbehari Bose (/rɑːʃ bihɑːri ˈboʊs/ ⓘ; 25 May 1886 – 21 January 1945) was an Indian revolutionary leader and freedom fighter who fought against the British Empire. He was one of the key organisers of the Ghadar Mutiny and founded the Indian Independence League. Bose helped organise the Indian National Army (INA), which was formed in 1942 under Mohan Singh.

He was behind the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy to assassinate the Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge, in 1912. After the failed assassination attempt, Bose fled to Imperial Japan. He sided with Azad Hind against Britain in World War II.
Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré
The Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré (pronounced [ʁy dy fobuʁ sɛ̃t‿ɔnɔʁe]) is a street located in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France. Relatively narrow and undistinguished, especially in comparison to the nearby Avenue des Champs-Élysées, it is cited as being one of the most luxurious and fashionable streets in the world due to the presence of major global fashion houses, including the Élysée Palace (official residence of the President of France), the Hôtel de Pontalba (residence of the United States Ambassador to France), the Embassy of Canada, the Embassy of the United Kingdom, as well as numerous art galleries.

The Rue Saint-Honoré, of which the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré is now an extension, began as a road extending west from the northern edge of the Louvre Palace. Saint Honoré, Honorius of Amiens, is the French patron saint of bakers.

Embassy of the United Kingdom, Paris
The Embassy of the United Kingdom in Paris is the chief diplomatic mission of the United Kingdom in France. It is located on one of the most famous streets in France, rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. The current British Ambassador to France is Thomas Drew. The embassy also represents the British Overseas Territories in France.

There are British consulates in Bordeaux and Marseille.
Ministry of the Interior (Denmark)
The Ministry of the Interior (Danish: Indenrigsministerium) is one of the oldest government ministries in Denmark, having been established in 1848, but has frequently been combined with other ministries. Its primary task has been to oversee elections and ensure the state's oversight over the country's regions and municipalities. As of 2024, it is combined with the Ministry of Health to form the Ministry of Interior and Health.

Ministry of Health (Denmark)
The Danish Ministry of Health (Danish: Sundhedsministeriet) is a Danish governmental ministry responsible for healthcare policy in Denmark. First created as an independent ministry in 1926, it has at various times been combined with the Ministry of the Interior as the Ministry of Interior and Health, most recently in 2022-, and has had various names. The current Minister for Health is Sophie Løhde, and the Permanent Secretary since 11 January 2021 is Svend Særkjær.
Llandow air disaster
The Llandow air disaster was an aircraft accident in Wales in 1950. At that time it was the world's worst air disaster, with a total of 80 fatalities. The aircraft, an Avro Tudor V, had been privately hired to fly rugby union enthusiasts to and from an international game in Ireland. On the return flight the aircraft stalled and crashed on its approach to land.

Avro Tudor
The Avro Type 688 Tudor was a British piston-engined airliner based on Avro's four-engine Lincoln bomber, itself a descendant of the famous Lancaster heavy bomber, and was Britain's first pressurised airliner. Customers saw the aircraft as little more than a pressurised DC-4, and few orders were forthcoming, important customers preferring to buy US aircraft. The tailwheel undercarriage layout was also dated and a disadvantage.
Roberto Mallari
Roberto “Bobet” Calara Mallari (born March 27, 1958) is a Filipino prelate of the Catholic Church. He is the fourth Bishop of Tarlac, serving in the position since 2025. He previously served as Bishop of Diocese of San Jose from 2012 to 2024 and Auxiliary bishop of Archdiocese of San Fernando from 2006 to 2012.

Diocese of San Jose (Nueva Ecija)
The Diocese of San Jose, Nueva Ecija (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Iosephi in Insulis Philippinis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese located in the province of Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Established by Pope John Paul II in 1984, it was officially canonically erected on July 14 of the same year. The diocese was created from the territories formerly under the Diocese of Cabanatuan, initially comprising sixteen parishes out of Cabanatuan's original forty-one. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Lingayen–Dagupan.

The diocese celebrated its Silver Anniversary of Canonical Erection last July 14, 2009. San Jose held its first Diocesan Synod in March 2011 led by the Apostolic Nuncio to the Philippines.
Frontierland
Frontierland is one of the "themed lands" at the many Disneyland-style parks run by Disney around the world.  Themed to the American frontier of the 19th century, Frontierlands are home to cowboys and pioneers, saloons, red rock buttes and gold rushes along with some influence from American history, North America in general and Latin America. It is named Westernland at Tokyo Disneyland and Grizzly Gulch at Hong Kong Disneyland.

To build an accurate depiction of an old-West town, Walt Disney sent a camera crew to Frontier Town, in North Hudson, New York, to film a movie that was used as the inspiration for Frontierland, as revealed in the book Frontier Town Then And Now.

Disney riverboats
The Disney riverboats are paddle steamer watercraft attraction ride vehicles operating on a track on a series of attractions located at Disney theme parks around the world.

The first was the Mark Twain Riverboat, located at the Disneyland theme park in Anaheim, California, on which passengers embark on a scenic, 12-minute journey around the Rivers of America. Originally named Mark Twain Steamboat when the park opened in 1955, the 5/8-scale stern-wheeler was the first functional steamboat to be built in the United States for 50 years. Other Disney riverboat attractions also appear at Tokyo Disneyland and Disneyland Park Paris.
Américo Tomás
Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás OSE ComA GOA ComC GCC GCoITE (19 November 1894 – 18 September 1987) was a Portuguese Navy officer and politician who served as the president of Portugal from 1958 to 1974. He was the last president of the authoritarian and corporatist Estado Novo.

Military Order of the Tower and Sword
The Military Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of Valour, Loyalty and Merit (Portuguese: Ordem Militar da Torre e Espada, do Valor, Lealdade e Mérito), before 1917 the ancient and most noble order of the Tower and of the Sword, of valour, loyalty and merit (A antiga e muito nobre ordem da Torre e Espada, do valor, lealdade e mérito), is one of the four former ancient Portuguese military orders and the pinnacle of the Portuguese honours system. It was created by King Afonso V in 1459. The order may be bestowed on people or on Portuguese municipalities.
The Illearth War
The Illearth War is a fantasy novel by American  writer Stephen R. Donaldson, the second book of the first trilogy of The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant series. It is followed by The Power that Preserves.

The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant
The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant is a series of ten high fantasy novels written by American author  Stephen R. Donaldson. The series began as a trilogy, The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant the Unbeliever. This was followed by another trilogy, The Second Chronicles of Thomas Covenant, and finally a tetralogy, The Last Chronicles of Thomas Covenant.

The main character of the stories is Thomas Covenant, an embittered and cynical writer afflicted with leprosy and shunned by society but fated to become the heroic savior of the Land, an alternate world. In ten novels, published between 1977 and 2013, he struggles against Lord Foul "the Despiser" who attempts to escape the bondage of the physical universe and wreak revenge upon his arch-enemy, "the Creator".
Sports bra
A sports bra is a bra that provides support to the breasts during physical exercise. Sturdier than typical bras, they minimize breast movement and alleviate discomfort. Many women wear sports bras to reduce pain and physical discomfort caused by breast movement during exercise. Some sports bras are designed to be worn as outerwear during exercise such as running. There are also sports bras with extra padding for exercises that involve some kind of trauma to the breasts.

The sports bra was deemed a serious innovation which gave women the confidence and comfort to play sports, which came with a revolution in women's sport. In 2022 its inventors, Lisa Lindahl, Polly Smith, and Hinda Miller (formerly Hinda Schreiber), were admitted to the US National Inventors Hall of Fame.

Hinda Miller
Hinda Miller (née Hinda Schreiber; born 18 April 1950) is a Canadian-born American politician, entrepreneur, costume designer, and inventor. She was a member of the Vermont Senate from the Chittenden senate district, from 2002 until 2013. Miller finished second in the 2006 Burlington mayoral election behind Progressive Bob Kiss.

In 1977, Miller co-created the "Jogbra", the first sports bra, working alongside Lisa Lindahl and Polly Smith. She was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2022.
Petersburg Railroad
The Petersburg Railroad ran from Petersburg, Virginia, south to Garysburg, North Carolina, from which it ran to Weldon via trackage rights over the Seaboard and Roanoke Railroad (later eliminated with a new alignment).

Garysburg, North Carolina
Garysburg is a town in Northampton County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Garysburg had a population of 904. It is part of the Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Naiad Press
Naiad Press (1973–2003) was an American publishing company, one of the first dedicated to lesbian literature, and an early leader in the women in print movement during second-wave feminism. At its closing it was the oldest and largest lesbian/feminist publisher in the world.

Lesbian literature
Lesbian literature is a subgenre of literature addressing lesbian themes. It includes poetry, plays, fiction addressing lesbian characters, and non-fiction about lesbian-interest topics. A similar term is sapphic literature, encompassing works that feature love between women that are not necessarily lesbian.

Fiction that falls into this category may be of any genre, such as historical fiction, science fiction, fantasy, horror, and romance.