hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Database normalization
Database normalization is the process of structuring a relational database in accordance with a series of so-called normal forms in order to reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity. It was first proposed by British computer scientist Edgar F. Codd as part of his relational model.

Normalization entails organizing the columns (attributes) and tables (relations) of a database to ensure that their dependencies are properly enforced by database integrity constraints. It is accomplished by applying some formal rules either by a process of synthesis (creating a new database design) or decomposition (improving an existing database design).

Relational database
A relational database (RDB) is a database  based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970.

A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a type of database management system that stores data in a structured format using rows and columns.

Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and updating the database.
Show Me Love (Robin S. song)
"Show Me Love" is a song by the American singer Robin S. It was written by Allen George and Fred McFarlane and released in October 1990 by Champion Records in the United Kingdom. In 1992, a remix by the Swedish house music producer StoneBridge was released in Europe, the US and Japan. It became Robin S.'s biggest hit, one of the best known house tracks in the United Kingdom and helped house music enter the mainstream. In 1993, it was included on Robin S.'s debut album, Show Me Love.

In the US, "Show Me Love" reached number five on the Billboard Hot 100, number four Cash Box Top 100, number seven on the R&B chart and number one on the dance club chart. It was certified gold by and by and sold 600,000 copies. It reached number six on the UK singles chart in April 1993. Its music video was directed by Millicent Shelton, featuring Robin S. performing in a nightclub. In 2022 and 2025, Rolling Stone and Billboard named "Show Me Love" one of the greatest dance songs.

Show Me Love (album)
Show Me Love is the debut album by American singer Robin S., released on June 21, 1993. It includes the single "Show Me Love" which reached No. 5 on the US Billboard Hot 100, No. 6 in the UK Singles Chart and the top 10 of many other charts around the world. Further singles that were released from the album are "Luv 4 Luv" (titled "Love for Love" on the album), which reached No. 53 in the US and No. 11 in the UK, "What I Do Best" (UK No. 43), "I Want to Thank You" (UK No. 48) and "Back It Up" (UK No. 43).
Japanese submarine I-54 (1926)
I-54 (伊号第五四潜水艦, I-gō Dai-gojūyonsensuikan), later I-154 (伊号第五四潜水艦, I-gō Dai-Hyaku-gojūyon sensuikan), was an Imperial Japanese Navy Kaidai-class cruiser submarine of the KD3A sub-class commissioned in 1927. During World War II, she conducted three war patrols, supporting Japanese forces during the invasion of Malaya in December 1941 and the  Dutch East Indies campaign in early 1942, then was assigned to training duties until she was decommissioned in 1944. She was scuttled in 1946.

Japanese submarine I-55 (1925)
I-55, later renumbered I-155 (伊号第五五潜水艦, I-gō Dai-Hyaku-gojūgosensuikan), was an Imperial Japanese Navy Kaidai-class cruiser submarine of the KD3A sub-class commissioned in 1927. Early in World War II, she supported Japanese forces in the invasion of Malaya and the Dutch East Indies campaign before assuming training duties in Japan, interrupted briefly in 1943 by her participation in the Aleutian Islands campaign. She became a kaiten manned suicide attack torpedo carrier in 1945 before surrendering at the end of the war. She was scuttled in 1946.
2012–13 Rwanda National Football League
The 2012–13 Rwanda National Football League (known as the Primus National Football League for sponsorship reasons) was the 36th season of the Rwanda National Football League since it began in 1975. The season began on 22 September 2012 and ended on 25 May 2013. Armée Patriotique Rwandaise were the defending champions, having won their record 13th title the previous season.

Rayon Sports won their 7th title, finishing at the top of the table with 57 points, and represented Rwanda in the 2014 CAF Champions League.

Rwanda Premier League
The Rwanda Premier League is the highest division of football in Rwanda. The league was formed in 1975. It was known as the Primus National Football League in 2004 and from 2009–10 to 2012–13, after which sponsorship was taken over by Turbo King. The league was renamed the Azam Rwanda Premier League for the 2015–16 season after Tanzanian television broadcasters Azam TV were announced as sponsors in a deal worth US$2.35 million covering five years. From 2019–20 season Azam TV announced the termination of its contract with Rwanda FA.

The Rwanda Football Federation announced in October 2025 that two clubs from Sudan—Al Hilal and Al Merrikh—would compete in the Rwanda Premier League due to the ongoing civil war. They had been playing in the top-flight Mauritania league and returned to Sudan for a shortened season tournament to determine continental qualification. The Confederation of African Football approved the temporary transfers on 19 November after the season had already begun.
Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.

Interoperability
Interoperability is a characteristic of a product or system to work with other products or systems. While the term was initially defined for information technology or systems engineering services to allow for information exchange, a broader definition takes into account social, political, and organizational factors that impact system-to-system performance.

Types of interoperability include syntactic interoperability, where two systems can communicate with each other, and cross-domain interoperability, where multiple organizations work together and exchange information.
National Federation Party
The National Federation Party (Fiji Hindi: नेशनल फेडरेशन पार्टी; Fijian: Mataisoqosoqo ni National Federation) is a Fijian political party founded by A. D. Patel in November 1968, as a merger of the Federation Party and the National Democratic Party.  Though it claims to represent all Fiji Islanders, it is supported, in practice, almost exclusively by Indo-Fijians whose ancestors had come to Fiji between 1879 and 1916, mostly as indentured labourers. However, in the 2018 general election, the party recorded a considerable change in its support base due to the inclusion of more indigenous Fijian candidates.

2018 Fijian general election
General elections were held in Fiji on 14 November 2018. The result was a victory for the ruling FijiFirst party of Prime Minister Frank Bainimarama, which received just over 50% of the vote and 27 of the 51 seats in Parliament, a loss of five seats. The main opposition party, Social Democratic Liberal Party, gained six seats, whilst the National Federation Party retained its three seats.

The elections also saw female representation in Parliament rise to nearly 20 percent, with 10 of the 51 members being women.
Corporation (TV series)
Corporation is a Canadian business documentary television series which aired on CBC Television in 1975. It offered a rare behind-the-scenes look at the internal workings of the Steinberg supermarket chain's business operations and departments. Most of the footage was filmed in 1969, and released in the early 1970s.

Steinberg's (supermarket)
Steinberg's (renamed Steinberg in 1961) was a large family-owned Canadian grocery store chain that mainly operated in the province of Quebec and later Ontario. In addition to its flagship supermarket chain, the company operated several subsidiaries across the country. The company went bankrupt in 1992, three years after being sold to private interests, after 75 years in business.
2016 Illinois Comptroller special election
A special election for Illinois Comptroller took place on November 8, 2016. After comptroller Judy Baar Topinka died shortly after her reelection in 2014, Republican Governor Bruce Rauner appointed Leslie Munger, a former business executive and unsuccessful 2014 nominee for the Illinois House of Representatives, to fill her seat at the beginning of his term in 2015. Per Illinois state law, a special election was held to elect a comptroller to finish Topinka's term. Munger ran as the Republican nominee against Democratic Chicago City Clerk Susana Mendoza. State Senator Daniel Biss ran for the Democratic nomination, but dropped out in November 2015.

Mendoza defeated Munger by 49.45% of the vote to Munger's 44.43%, becoming Illinois' tenth comptroller on December 5, 2016.

Illinois Comptroller
The Comptroller of Illinois is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Illinois. Ten individuals have held the office of Comptroller since the enactment of the Illinois Constitution of 1970, replacing the prior office of Auditor of Public Accounts that was first created in 1799. The incumbent is Susana Mendoza, a Democrat.
Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
The Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL, Finnish: Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitos, Swedish: Institutet för hälsa och välfärd; until 2019, National Institute for Health and Welfare) is a Finnish research and development institute operating under the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health. THL was formed on 1 January 2009, with the merger of the National Public Health Institute of Finland (KTL) and the National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health. It is the biggest expert organisation under the ministry and its most important source of consultation regarding scientific knowledge.

National Public Health Institute of Finland
The National Public Health Institute of Finland (KTL, Finnish: Kansanterveyslaitos, Swedish: Folkhälsoinstitutet) was a research and expert institute under the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health charged with the task of protecting and promoting health in Finland. KTL was founded in 1911; the final form was established in 1982 in order to promote public health in Finland.

The institution had a duty to promote health and prevent disease. KTL performed research in public health in broad sense, and monitored diseases. KTL also acquired and distributed the vaccines paid by the government.

KTL was merged on 1 January 2009 with STAKES, the National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health, to form a new research and development institute, the National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL). The last Director General of KTL was Pekka Puska, who was also appointed Director General of the THL.
Sheriff of Madras
The Sheriff of Madras was an apolitical titular position of authority bestowed for one year on a prominent citizen of Madras. The post was abolished in 1998.

The position of Sheriff of Madras was created in the Madras Charter of 1726 which came into force on 17 August 1727. As the executive arm of the Jurisdiction the sheriff was sworn in for a period of one year to carry out such duties as the summoning of people to the High Court, the provision of jurors, the attaching and sealing of properties and, if required, the arranging of their auction. The sheriff had an office and staff and in the order of precedence ranked just below the mayor. From the mid-1800s the position lost its powers and responsibilities and became primarily ceremonial.

Mumbai (Bombay) and Kolkata (Calcutta) continue (2017) to maintain their similar posts.

Sheriff of Kolkata
The Sheriff of Kolkata (formerly known as the Sheriff of Calcutta) is an apolitical titular position of authority bestowed for one year on a prominent citizen of Kolkata (Calcutta). The Sheriff has an office and staff in Calcutta High Court but does not have executive powers. Mumbai (Bombay) and Kolkata (Calcutta) are the only cities in India to maintain the post of the Sheriff. Presently the office of the sheriff is situated in the Calcutta High Court building.
Olivier Schoenfelder
Olivier Schoenfelder (born 30 November 1977) is a French retired ice dancer and coach. With partner Isabelle Delobel, he is the 2008 World champion, the 2007 European and the 2008 Grand Prix Final champion.

2007 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2007 European Figure Skating Championships was a senior international figure skating competition. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The event was held at the Torwar Hall in Warsaw, Poland from January 22 through 28.
Katrina vanden Heuvel
Katrina vanden Heuvel (/ˈvæn.dɛnˈhjuː.vəl/ VAN-den-HYOO-vul; born October 7, 1959) is an American editor and publisher. She is the publisher, part-owner, and former editor of the progressive magazine The Nation.  She was the magazine's editor from 1995 to 2019, when she was succeeded by D. D. Guttenplan. She has frequently appeared as a commentator on political television programs. Vanden Heuvel is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, a US nonprofit think tank. She is a recipient of the Norman Mailer Prize.

D. D. Guttenplan
Don David Guttenplan is an American writer who serves as editor of The Nation. A former London correspondent of the magazine, he wrote The Holocaust on Trial, a book about the Irving v Penguin Books and Lipstadt libel case while based in the UK's capital.
Robert Kurson
Robert A. Kurson (born April 18, 1963) is an American author, best known for his 2004 bestselling book, Shadow Divers, the true story of two Americans who discover a World War II German U-boat sunk 60 miles off the coast of New Jersey.

Shadow Divers
Shadow Divers: The True Adventure of Two Americans Who Risked Everything to Solve One of the Last Mysteries of World War II is a 2004 non-fiction book by Robert Kurson recounting of the discovery of a World War II German U-boat 60 miles (97 km) off the coast of New Jersey, United States in 1991, exploration dives, and its eventual identification as U-869 lost on 11 February 1945.
Avars (Caucasus)
The Avars (/ˈævɑːrz/), also known as Maharuls' (Avar: магӀарулал, romanized: maⱨarulal, lit. 'mountaineers'), are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group. The Avars are the largest of several ethnic groups living in the Russian republic of Dagestan. The Avars reside in the North Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Alongside other ethnic groups in the North Caucasus region, the Avars live in ancient villages located approximately 2,000 meters above sea level. The Avar language spoken by the Caucasian Avars belongs to the family of Avar–Andic languages. Sunni Islam has been the prevailing religion of the Avars since the 14th century.

Avar language
Avar (авар мацӏ, avar maⱬ [ʔaˈwar mat͡sʼː] or магӏарул мацӏ, maⱨarul maⱬ [maʕarul mat͡sʼː], 'language of the mountains'), also known as Avaric, is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Avar–Andic subgroup that is spoken by Avars, primarily in Dagestan. In 2010, there were approximately one million speakers in Dagestan and elsewhere in Russia.
International standard waltz
Waltz is one of the five dances in the Standard (or Modern) category of the International Style ballroom dances. It was previously referred to as slow waltz or English waltz.

Waltz is usually the first dance in the dancesport competition rounds.  It is danced exclusively in the closed position, unlike its American Style counterpart.

Waltz
The waltz (from German  Walzer [ˈvaltsɐ] ⓘ, meaning "to roll or revolve") is a ballroom and folk dance, in triple ( 34 ) time, performed primarily in closed position. Along with the ländler and allemande, the waltz was sometimes referred to by the generic term German Dance in publications during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
K-179 (Kansas highway)
K-179 is an 11.588-mile-long (18.649 km) state highway in Harper County, Kansas. It runs from Oklahoma State Highway 132 (SH-132) the Oklahoma state line north to the city of Anthony, where it ends at K-44. The route was designated around 1956, and is not part of the National Highway System.

K-44 (Kansas highway)
K-44 is a state highway in the U.S. state of Kansas. It begins at K-2 in Anthony and passes through Harper and Sumner counties in the south-central portion of the state, ending at K-49 north of Caldwell. The highway is 24.674 miles (39.709 km) long, and it was designated around 1932. Its alignment has not undergone a major change since then.
Andøya Air Station
Andøya Air Station (Norwegian: Andøya Flystasjon) is a military air station in Andøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The station is located near the village of Andenes at the northern end of the island of Andøya in the Vesterålen archipelago. 333 Squadron of the Royal Norwegian Air Force was based here with Lockheed P-3C Orions. As of Q2 2024, the government has made a proposal in regard to reverting an earlier decision to close the airbase.

The civil airport Andøya Airport, Andenes and the civilian sounding rocket launch facility Andøya Rocket Range are also located nearby.

Vesterålen
Vesterålen (English: /ˈvɛstərɔːlən/ VEST-ər-aw-lən, Norwegian: [ˈvɛ̂stəroːɫn̩]; Northern Sami: Viestterálas) is a district and archipelago in Nordland county, Norway. It is located just north of Lofoten and west of Harstad. It is the northernmost part of Nordland county. Sortland is the largest town, situated near the center of the archipelago. Vesterålen includes the municipalities of Andøy, Bø, Hadsel, Sortland, and Øksnes.
Masashi Ozaki
Masashi Ozaki (尾崎 将司, Ozaki Masashi; 24 January 1947 – 23 December 2025) was a Japanese professional golfer. Ozaki is often known as Jumbo Ozaki (ジャンボ尾崎 Janbo Ozaki) on account of his height and length off the tee. He featured in the top ten of the Official World Golf Rankings for almost 200 weeks between 1989 and 1998. He is the most successful player of all time on the Japan Golf Tour, having led the money list a record 12 times and won 94 tournaments, over 40 more than the second highest player. Ozaki was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2011.

Japan Golf Tour
The Japan Golf Tour (Japanese: 日本ゴルフツアー機構) is a prominent professional golf tour. It was founded in 1973 and as of 2006, it offered the third-highest annual prize fund out of the regular (that is not for seniors) men's professional tours after the PGA Tour and the European Tour. However, since the early 1990s, the growth in prize money has not kept pace with that on the two larger tours. Official events on the Japan Golf Tour count for Official World Golf Ranking points and success on the tour can also qualify members to play in the majors.
FIFA Futsal World Cup
The FIFA Futsal World Cup is an international futsal competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA, the sport's global governing body. Since the first edition that took place in 1989 in the Netherlands, the tournament has been held every four years since 1992 in the even year between two 11-a-side World Cups.

The current champions are Brazil, who won their sixth world title after beating rivals Argentina in the final of the 2024 tournament in Uzbekistan.

All events prior to 2008 were 16-team events. The first event featured 6 teams from Europe, 3 from South America, 2 from Africa, 2 from Asia, 2 from North and Central America and 1 from Oceania. Since 2012, it includes 24 teams split to a six group round-robin tournament with four teams in each group. The top two teams in each group, together with the 4 highest-ranked third-place finishers, advanced to a sixteen-team knockout stage.

2024 FIFA Futsal World Cup
The 2024 FIFA Futsal World Cup was the tenth edition of the FIFA Futsal World Cup, the quadrennial international futsal championship contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament was held in Uzbekistan. It was the first FIFA tournament ever hosted by Uzbekistan and a Central Asian nation. The tournament returned to its usual four-year cycle after the previous tournament was delayed for a year to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Portugal were the defending champions by defeating Argentina 2–1 in the previous edition, but were eliminated in the round of 16 against Kazakhstan. Brazil won a record-extending sixth title, beating their arch-rivals Argentina by the same scoreline.
193rd Special Operations Wing
The 193rd Special Operations Wing is a unit of the Pennsylvania Air National Guard, stationed at Harrisburg Air National Guard Base, Middletown, Pennsylvania. The wing is gained by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania when in a "state" status, as well as by the United States Air Force and Air Force Special Operations Command in its Federal capacity as part of the Air National Guard.  The wing was organized as a group, the 193rd Tactical Electronic Warfare Group.  Although it has never been mobilized as a unit, most of its equipment and personnel have been individually called up to serve in Southeast Asia and in Desert Storm.

Pennsylvania Air National Guard
The Pennsylvania Air National Guard (PA ANG) is the aerial militia of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It is a reserve of the United States Air Force and along with the Pennsylvania Army National Guard an element of the Pennsylvania National Guard of the larger United States National Guard Bureau.

As commonwealth militia units, the units in the Pennsylvania Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Pennsylvania through the office of the Pennsylvania Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The Pennsylvania Air National Guard is headquartered at Fort Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania, and its commander is Brigadier General Michael J. Regan Jr.
Friedrich Pitzschky Tenement
The Friedrich Pitzschky Tenement (German: Mietshaus Friedrich Pitzschky; Polish: Kamienica Friedricha Pitzschky’ego), also known as the People's House (German: Volkshaus), was a tenement house, which was located at the corner of today's Wielka Odrzańska Street and New Market, in the Old Town, in the Centre district. It was destroyed in a bombardment in 1944.

Old Town, Szczecin
Old Town (Polish: Stare Miasto; German: Altstadt), and the core of the historic old German port city of Stettin until 1950,  is a municipal neighborhood of the modern city of Szczecin, now in Poland, situated on the left bank of the Oder river. It is the oldest historical district in the city. As of March 2021 it had a population of 3,901.
Siraj Khan
Siraj Khan (born 17 April 1956) is an Hindustani Classical sitar player known for being the khalifa of Mewati gharana. He is the father and guru of Asad Khan, a sitar player known for his involvement in Bollywood music.

Mewati gharana
The Mewati gharana is a musical apprenticeship tribe of Hindustani classical music. Known for being Pandit Jasraj's musical lineage, the gharana was founded by brothers Ghagge Nazir Khan and Wahid Khan (beenkar) of Indore in the late 19th century at the Holkar Court. Members of this gharana have had an active influence in Indian cinema for over half a century.

With its own distinct aesthetics, stylings, practices, and repertoire, the gharana emerged as an offshoot of the Khandarbani Dhrupad, and Qawwal Bacchon musical traditions. The gharana gained visibility in the late-20th century after Pt. Jasraj popularized the gayaki.