hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pratt & Whitney TF30
The Pratt & Whitney TF30 (company designation JTF10A) is a military low-bypass turbofan engine originally designed by Pratt & Whitney for the subsonic F6D Missileer fleet defense fighter, but this project was cancelled. It was later adapted with an afterburner for supersonic designs, and in this form it was the world's first production afterburning turbofan, going on to power the F-111 and the F-14A Tomcat, as well as being used in early versions of the A-7 Corsair II without an afterburner. First flight of the TF30 was in 1964 and production continued until 1986.

Rolls-Royce Spey
The Rolls-Royce Spey (company designations RB.163 and RB.168 and RB.183) is a low-bypass turbofan engine originally designed and manufactured by Rolls-Royce that has been in widespread service for over 40 years. A co-development version of the Spey between Rolls-Royce and Allison in the 1960s is the Allison TF41.

Intended for the smaller civilian jet airliner market when it was being designed in the late 1950s, the Spey concept was also used in various military engines, and later as a turboshaft engine for ships known as the Marine Spey, and even as the basis for a new civilian line, the Rolls-Royce RB.183 Tay.

Aviation versions of the base model Spey have accumulated over 50 million hours of flight time. In keeping with Rolls-Royce naming practices, the engine is named after the River Spey.
Graph toughness
In graph theory, toughness is a measure of the connectivity of a graph.  A graph G is said to be t-tough for a given real number t if, for every integer k > 1, G cannot be split into k different connected components by the removal of fewer than tk vertices. For instance, a graph is 1-tough if the number of components formed by removing a set of vertices is always at most as large as the number of removed vertices. The toughness of a graph is the maximum t for which it is t-tough; this is a finite number for all finite graphs except the complete graphs, which by convention have infinite toughness.

Graph toughness was first introduced by Václav Chvátal (1973). Since then there has been extensive work by other mathematicians on toughness; the recent survey by Bauer, Broersma & Schmeichel (2006) lists 99 theorems and 162 papers on the subject.

Václav Chvátal
Václav (Vašek) Chvátal (Czech: [ˈvaːtslaf ˈxvaːtal]) is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering at Concordia University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and a visiting professor at Charles University in Prague. He has published extensively on topics in graph theory, combinatorics, and combinatorial optimization.
Overwhelming post-splenectomy infection
An overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI) is a rare but rapidly fatal infection occurring in individuals following removal (or permanent dysfunction) of the spleen. The infections are typically characterized by either meningitis or sepsis, and are caused by encapsulated organisms including Streptococcus pneumoniae. It is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment. Death has been reported to occur within 12 hours.

The spleen is necessary for protection against encapsulated bacteria (see Mechanism) and as such when removed by splenectomy it can lead to rapid unchallenged infection by encapsulated bacteria. The rapid progression from mild viral symptoms to sepsis is one of the things that makes OPSI particularly dangerous.

Another source of infection are species of Babesia, which are tick-borne parasites that cause babesiosis.

Asplenia
Asplenia is the absence of normal spleen function and is associated with some serious infection risks. Hyposplenism is the condition of reduced ('hypo-'), but not absent, splenic functioning.

Functional asplenia occurs when splenic tissue is present but does not work well (e.g. sickle-cell disease, polysplenia) – such patients are managed as if asplenic – while in anatomic asplenia, the spleen itself is absent.
Pagani Automobili
Pagani Automobili S.p.A. (commonly known as Pagani) is an Italian manufacturer specializing in high-performance sports cars and advanced carbon fiber components. Founded in 1992 by Argentine-Italian engineer and entrepreneur Horacio Pagani, the company is headquartered in San Cesario sul Panaro, near Modena, Italy.

The brand gained global recognition with its debut model, the Pagani Zonda, followed by the critically acclaimed Huayra, and the latest Utopia. Pagani's cars often feature a V12 engine developed in collaboration with Mercedes-AMG.

Horacio Pagani (auto executive)
Horacio Pagani (born 10 November 1955) is an Argentine-Italian businessman and automobile engineer in the automotive industry. He is the Founder and Chairman of Pagani Automobili S.p.A., an Italian specialty automaker.

Prior to founding his own company, Pagani worked for Renault and Lamborghini.
35th Virginia Cavalry Battalion
The 35th Virginia Cavalry Battalion, also known as White's Battalion, White's Rebels and the Comanches, was a Confederate cavalry unit during the American Civil War raised by Elijah V. White in Loudoun County, Virginia in the winter of 1861-62. The battalion was initially raised as border guards along the Potomac River below Harpers Ferry but were ultimately mustered into regular service as part of the Laurel Brigade.  Despite this, they continued to play a conspicuous role in the ongoing partisan warfare in Loudoun throughout the war.  The battalion was particularly notable during the 1863 Gettysburg campaign, when it played a prominent role in the Battle of Brandy Station and subsequently conducted a series of raids on Union-held railroads and defensive positions in Maryland and Pennsylvania. The 35th was the first Confederate unit to enter Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

Elijah V. White
Elijah Viers "Lige" White (August 29, 1832 – January 11, 1907) was commander of the partisan 35th Battalion of Virginia Cavalry during the American Civil War. His men became commonly known as "White's Comanches" for their war cries and sudden raids on enemy targets.
Baldwin, Georgia
Baldwin is a city in Banks and Habersham counties in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, Baldwin had a population of 3,629.

Baldwin is located on U.S. Route 441 just south of Georgia State Route 365. Baldwin sits astride the Eastern Continental Divide, which separates waters flowing southeastward toward the Savannah River and the Atlantic Ocean from waters flowing southwestward toward the Chattahoochee River and the Gulf of Mexico. City Hall sits in Habersham County. Baldwin borders the slightly larger city of Cornelia, which houses the Habersham Chamber of Commerce. Nearby in Demorest is Piedmont University. Also nearby is Lake Russell, a recreation area in Chattahoochee National Forest. The Habersham County airport is in Baldwin. The largest employer is Fieldale Corporation, a chicken processing company.

Georgia State Route 365
State Route 365 (SR 365, also known as the Sidney Lanier Parkway) is a 69.5-mile-long (111.8 km) state highway that travels within portions of Gwinnett, Hall, Habersham, and Stephens counties in the US state of Georgia. It begins at exit 113 on Interstate 85 (I-85), at the southeastern edge of Suwanee. This is also the southern terminus of I-985. It continues from that point running concurrently with I-985 for the entire length of that freeway. Eventually, U.S. Route 23 (US 23) also joins the concurrency. The highway heads northeast through Gainesville and Toccoa, before it terminates at the South Carolina state line, southwest of Westminster, South Carolina.
Bertha Lane Scott
Bertha Lane Scott (born Bertha Francis Lane; October 1860 – July 17, 1938) was an American anti-suffragist, socialite, and civic volunteer. She is sometimes credited as Mrs. William Forse Scott and she is best known for heading the Publications Committee of the New York State Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage (NYSAOWS); she produced pamphlets, open letters, and newspaper essays that argued women’s political participation would undermine family life and was unnecessary because, she maintained, men already represented women’s interests. A sought-after speaker, Scott helped found anti-suffrage societies across the United States and regularly testified before the New York Legislature against removing the word “male” from the state’s suffrage clause. Outside her activism she was prominent in Yonkers society and, in 1918, became that city’s first (honorary) policewoman, charged with safeguarding children’s welfare.

New York State Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage
The New York State Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage (NYSAOWS) was an American anti-suffrage organization in New York. The group was made up of prominent women who fought against the cause of women's suffrage by giving speeches, handing out materials and pamphlets and also publishing a journal. There were several auxiliaries of the group throughout New York and it was considered one of the most active anti-suffrage groups in the state.
Daniel Massey (actor)
Daniel Raymond Massey (10 October 1933 – 25 March 1998) was an English actor and performer. He is possibly best known for his starring role in the British TV drama The Roads to Freedom, as Daniel, alongside Michael Bryant. He is also known for his role in the 1968 American film Star!, as Noël Coward (Massey's godfather), for which he won a Golden Globe Award and an Oscar nomination.

The Roads to Freedom (TV serial)
The Roads to Freedom is a British 13-part drama serial broadcast on BBC Two in 1970.

Based on the trilogy of novels by Jean-Paul Sartre, The Roads to Freedom deals with the lives of various people in Paris as war with Nazi Germany becomes inevitable. Unusually, the series makes much use of voiceover, using the characters' internal thoughts in the narrative. The series was adapted for television by David Turner and directed by James Cellan Jones. The serial was repeated in 1972 and again in 1977. In July 2022, it was announced that BBC Four would be repeating all 13 episodes. The introduction before the start of this rerun was by Colin Baker, who played the part of Claude.
Ikoma Line
The Ikoma Line (生駒線, Ikoma-sen) is a railway line of Kintetsu Railway in Nara Prefecture, Japan connecting Ikoma Station in the city of Ikoma and Ōji Station in the town of Ōji. Having a total length of 12.4 km (7.7 mi), the entirely electrified standard gauge line is partially double-tracked. All trains stop at all 12 stations (including both termini) along the line.

Ōji Station (Nara)
Ōji Station (王寺駅, Ōji-eki) is a railway station in Ōji, Nara, Japan. Operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR-West) and Kintetsu Railway, it is one of the four oldest railway stations in Nara Prefecture, and forms a major junction in the region. The station serves the Yamatoji Line (Kansai Main Line), and is the terminus for the Wakayama Line and Kintetsu Ikoma Line.

Kintetsu's station has a stationmaster who administrates between Motosanjoguchi Station and the station on the Ikoma Line and all stations on the Tawaramoto Line. The nearby Shin-Ōji Station (新王寺駅, Shin-Ōji-eki) is also the terminus for Kintetsu Tawaramoto Line.
James "Boodle It" Wiggins
James "Boodle It" Wiggins was an American blues singer and musician. His best known recordings were "Keep Knockin' An You Can't Get In", a precursor of both "Keep A-Knockin'" and "I Hear You Knocking"; plus his versions of "Corrine, Corrina" and "Shave 'Em Dry", albeit slightly re-titled.

Wiggins recorded eight tracks that were released in his lifetime by Paramount Records, and another six that were not issued until later. The latter six were originally earmarked for Vocalion Records or Brunswick Records. His accompanists on his recorded work are thought to include  variously Bob Call, Blind Leroy Garnett, and Charlie Spand on piano. Little is known of his life outside of music.

Blind Leroy Garnett
Leroy Roscoe Garnett, known professionally as Blind Leroy Garnett (August 6, 1897 – January 3, 1933) was an American boogie-woogie and ragtime  pianist and songwriter. His two solo recorded compositions were "Louisiana Glide" and "Chain 'Em Down", although scant details of his life and career are known.
Cyclometer
The cyclometer  was a cryptologic device designed, "probably in 1934 or 1935," by Marian Rejewski of the Polish Cipher Bureau's German section (BS-4), to catalog the cycle structure of Enigma permutations, thereby facilitating the decryption of German Enigma ciphertext.

With Rejewski's later cryptologic bomb, it can be viewed as a predecessor to the Bombe that was to help break Enigma ciphers later in the war at Bletchley Park in England.

Using drawings made by Rejewski, Hal Evans and Tim Flack at the Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, in 2019 constructed a working version of the cyclometer.

Zygalski sheets
The method of Zygalski sheets was a cryptologic technique used by the Polish Cipher Bureau before and during World War II, and during the war also by British cryptologists at Bletchley Park, to decrypt messages enciphered on German Enigma machines.

The Zygalski-sheet apparatus takes its name from Polish Cipher Bureau mathematician–cryptologist Henryk Zygalski, who invented it about October 1938.
Randolph County, Missouri
Randolph County is a county in the northern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,716. Its county seat is Huntsville. The county was organized January 22, 1829, and named for U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator John Randolph of Roanoke, Virginia.

Randolph County comprises the Moberly, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Columbia-Moberly-Mexico, Missouri Combined Statistical Area.

Moberly, Missouri
Moberly is a city in Randolph County, Missouri, United States. The population was 13,783 as of the 2020 census. It is part of the Columbia metropolitan area and the 9-county Columbia–Jefferson City–Moberly combined statistical area that has 415,747 residents.
El Capitan Granite
El Capitan Granite is a type of granite (also see granodiorite), in a large area near El Capitan, in Yosemite National Park, California, United States. The granite forms part of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite (also known as Tuolumne Batholith), one of the four major intrusive suites within the Sierra Nevada.

El Capitan granite is mostly unjointed.

El Capitan
El Capitan (Spanish: El Capitán; lit. 'the Captain') is a vertical rock formation in Yosemite National Park, on the north side of Yosemite Valley, near its western end. The granite monolith is about 3,000 feet (914 m) from base to summit along its tallest face and is a world-famous location for big wall climbing, including the disciplines of aid climbing, free climbing, and more recently for free solo climbing.

The top of El Capitan can be reached by hiking out of Yosemite Valley on the trail next to Yosemite Falls, then proceeding west. For climbers, the challenge is to climb up the sheer granite face. There are many named climbing routes, all of them arduous, including Iron Hawk and Sea of Dreams.
Maldives Film Award for Best Film
The Maldives Film Award for Best Director is given as part of the Maldives Film Awards to a film via a jury. The award was first given in 2011. Here is a list of the award winners and the nominees of the respective award ceremonies, classified by the awarded categories.

Maldives Film Awards
The Maldives Film Awards are presented by Maldives Film Association to honour both artistic and technical excellence of professionals in the Maldivian film industry. The ceremony had been sponsored by various private organizations in the past including Enchanteur and Ilsha. A live ceremony was broadcast to television audiences.
Fiat Fiorino
The Fiat Fiorino is a small commercial vehicle produced by the Italian car manufacturer Fiat since 1977. Its first two generations have been the panel van derivatives of other small models, such as the Fiat 127 and Fiat Uno, while the current third generation was developed jointly with PSA Peugeot Citroën (both of which merged into Stellantis), and is based on the Fiat Small platform.

The current generation, the Sevel LAV, is also built with a passenger body style, as the Fiat Qubo, and is marketed along with its rebadged versions, the Citroën Nemo and the Peugeot Bipper. It is positioned below the Fiat Doblò, the Citroën Berlingo, and the Peugeot Partner, in each manufacturer's model line up.

The name comes from the fiorino d'oro, an old Italian coin normally translated into English as the Florin.

SCCS platform
The SCCS platform (Small Common Components and Systems platform), also called Small Platform or 199 platform is an automobile platform originally developed by Fiat for subcompact, front-wheel drive, and all-wheel drive vehicles. It was first used on the Fiat Grande Punto, which was unveiled in 2005. Developed during the GM-Fiat alliance, the platform was also used for some Opel models including the Opel Corsa D and E. A derivative called the Small Wide platform was introduced in 2012 for applications on larger cars in the compact segment. Usage of the platform continued through the merger of Fiat and Chrysler which created Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA), and the merger of FCA and PSA which formed Stellantis.
Casals Forum
Casals Forum is the concert hall for chamber music of the Kronberg Academy in Kronberg im Taunus, Hesse, Germany. Designed by Volker Staab from Berlin, building started in 2017 and the hall opened in 2022. It is named in honour of the cellist Pablo Casals. The complex includes rooms for teaching and practising for the students of the academy. Per the requests from the acoustic engineer, the architect designed the hall in a free form with curved convex and concave walls, to spread the sound widely. The acoustics have been compared to those of the hall of the Curtis Institute of Music and Wigmore Hall in London.

Kronberg Academy
The Kronberg Academy is a private music school for string instrumentalists based in Kronberg im Taunus, Germany. Founded in 1993 by Raimund Trenkler, the academy trains a select group of young musicians who have the potential to build international careers as soloists and chamber musicians.

Initially, the focus of the Kronberg Academy was to train and support young cellists, but has since branched out into the piano, violin and viola disciplines. It also organizes a diverse range of projects, competitions, masterclasses and concerts. Kronberg Academy was granted charitable status in 2004.
Montenegrin Cup (women)
The Montenegrin Cup for Women (Montenegrin: Kup Crne Gore za žene) is the national women's association football cup competition in Montenegro. It was founded in 2015, seven years after the formation of the Montenegrin Women's League.

Montenegrin Women's League
The Montenegrin Women's Football league  or 1. ŽFL is the top level women's football league of Montenegro. It is organized by the Football Association of Montenegro.

The winning team of the league is eligible for a spot in the UEFA Women's Champions League.

The first national women's football competition was held in the season 2008-09, but the league played its inaugural season in 2011-12.
Roustabout (film)
Roustabout is a 1964 American musical feature film starring Elvis Presley as a singer who takes a job working with a struggling carnival. The film was produced by Hal Wallis and directed by John Rich from a screenplay by Anthony Lawrence and Allan Weiss. The screenplay was nominated for a Writers Guild of America award for best written American musical. The New York Times noted that Elvis was "perfectly cast" although Roustabout received a lukewarm review in Variety. The film's soundtrack album was one of Elvis Presley's most successful, reaching no. 1 on the Billboard Album Chart. Quentin Tarantino called Roustabout one of Presley's most entertaining films and said that it had the best soundtrack of all of Presley's color films. It was filmed in Techniscope at Paramount Studios, with carnival and road rage sequences shot in Thousand Oaks, California. Filming began in March 1964.

Roustabout (soundtrack)
Roustabout is the ninth soundtrack album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released on RCA Victor Records in mono and stereo, LPM/LSP 2999, in October 1964. It is the soundtrack to the 1964 film of the same name starring Presley. Recording sessions took place at Radio Recorders in Hollywood, California, on March 2 and 3, and April 29, 1964. It peaked at number one on the Billboard Top LPs chart. It was certified Gold on May 20, 1988, by the Recording Industry Association of America. The album would be Presley's final soundtrack to reach number one and his last number one album until 1973's Aloha From Hawaii: Via Satellite.
Berihu Aregawi
Berihu Aregawi Teklehaimanot (Tigrinya: በሪሁ ኣረጋዊ; born 28 February 2001) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner and the current world record holder in the 5000 m road race and the 10,000 m road race. At the Paris 2024 Olympics, Berihu won a silver medal in the 10,000 m, and he placed fourth in the 10,000 m at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Berihu won a silver medal at the 2023 World Athletics Cross Country Championships. He also won a silver medal in the 3,000 m at the 2025 World Athletics Indoor Championships.

At age 17, Berihu won a bronze medal in the 10,000 m at the 2018 World Under-20 Championships.

Joshua Cheptegei
Joshua Kiprui Cheptegei (born 12 September 1996) is a Ugandan long-distance runner. He is the current world record holder for the 5000 metres and the 10,000 metres, and once held the world best time over the 15 kilometres distance.

Cheptegei is the reigning Olympic champion in the 10000 m and three-time World champion in the 10,000 m. Cheptegei also won a gold medal in the 5000 m and 10,000 m at the 2018 Commonwealth Games and at the 2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships. At the 2024 Olympic Games, Cheptegei won gold in the 10,000 metres, becoming the Olympic champion and setting a new Olympic record in the process.

Cheptegei is the tenth man in history to hold the 5000 m and 10,000 m world records concurrently, both set in 2020.
Zest (ingredient)
Zest is a food ingredient that is prepared by scraping or cutting from the rind of unwaxed citrus fruits such as lemon, orange, citron, and lime. Zest is used to add flavor to many different types of food.

In terms of fruit anatomy, the zest is obtained from the flavedo (exocarp) which is also called zest. The flavedo and white pith (albedo) of a citrus fruit together makes up its peel.  The amounts of both flavedo and pith are variable among citrus fruits, and may be adjusted by the manner in which they are prepared. Citrus peel may commonly be used fresh, dried, candied, or pickled in salt.

Fruit (plant structure)
Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers. They are found in three main anatomical categories: aggregate fruits, multiple fruits, and simple fruits.

Fruitlike structures may develop directly from the seed itself rather than the ovary, such as a fleshy aril or sarcotesta.

The grains of grasses are single-seed simple fruits wherein the pericarp and seed coat are fused into one layer. This type of fruit is called a caryopsis. Examples include cereal grains, such as wheat, barley, oats and rice.