hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Idwal Jones (politician)
James Idwal Jones (30 June 1900 – 18 October 1982) was a Welsh, Labour Party politician.

He was born in Rhosllannerchrugog, Wrexham, and educated at Ruabon Grammar School and Normal College, Bangor. He became a teacher in 1922 in Holt, but then moved to positions in Glyn Ceiriog and Penycae. In 1938, he was appointed as headmaster at Grango School in his home village of Rhosllannerchrugog.

He first stood as a Labour Parliamentary candidate in 1951 for the Denbigh constituency, but was unsuccessful. He was elected at a by-election in March 1955 following the death of the sitting Labour MP Robert Richards. Jones held the seat at the general election in May 1955, and at subsequent elections until he retired from the House of Commons at the 1970 general election.

He died at Ponciau, Wrexham, aged 82.

He was the brother of Thomas Jones, Baron Maelor, Member of Parliament for Merioneth from 1951 to 1966.

1955 Wrexham by-election
The 1955 Wrexham by-election was a by-election held on 17 March 1955 for the British House of Commons constituency of Wrexham in Denbighshire, Wales.

The by-election was caused by the death of the town's Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) Robert Richards, who had held the seat since the 1935 general election.

The result was a victory for the Labour candidate James Idwal Jones, who held the seat with a majority of nearly 11,000 votes.
Arkansas Highway 23
Arkansas Highway 23 (AR 23) is a north–south state highway in north Arkansas. The route runs 133.9 miles (215.5 km) from U.S. Route 71 (US 71) north of Elm Park north to the Missouri state line through Ozark and Eureka Springs. Between Highway 16 at Brashears and Interstate 40 (I-40) north of Ozark, Highway 23 winds through the Ozark National Forest and is designated as the Pig Trail Scenic Byway due to its steep hills and hairpin turns. The route has a strong connection with the University of Arkansas Razorbacks, connecting fans in Central Arkansas with the Northwest Arkansas area.

Arkansas Highway 16
Arkansas Highway 16 (AR 16) is a designation for three state highways in Arkansas. One segment of 24.13 miles (38.83 km) runs from U.S. Route 412 (US 412) in Siloam Springs east to Interstate 49 (I-49) in Fayetteville. A second segment of 71.67 miles (115.34 km) runs from I-49 in Fayetteville east to Highway 7 in the Ozark National Forest. A third segment of 132.69 miles (213.54 km) runs from Highway 7 at Sand Gap east to US 67B in Searcy. Highway 16 was created during the 1926 Arkansas state highway numbering, and much of the highway winds through the Ozarks, including the Ozark National Forest, where a portion of it is designated as an Arkansas Scenic Byway. The route has two spur routes in Northwest Arkansas; in Fayetteville and Siloam Springs.
Apostolic Administration of Atyrau
The Apostolic Administration of Atyrau  is a pastoral area sui iuris, not yet fully a diocese, in western Kazakhstan which forms part of the Catholic Church in this country, namely of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Mary Most Holy in Astana.

Its head is a prelate called Apostolic Administrator, member of the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of Central Asia.
His see is the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of Our Lord, in Atyrau. Current Administrator is a Slovakian priest, Fr. Peter Sakmár. Former Apostolic Administrator, Italian Bishop Adelio Dell'Oro became the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Karaganda.

Apostolic administration
An apostolic administration in the Catholic Church is administrated by a prelate appointed by the pope to serve as the ordinary for a specific area. Either the area is not yet a diocese (a stable 'pre-diocesan', usually missionary apostolic administration), or is a diocese, archdiocese, eparchy or similar permanent ordinariate (such as a territorial prelature or a territorial abbacy) that has no mainstay prelate (an apostolic administrator sede vacante, as after an episcopal death, resignation or transfer to another territory) or, in very rare cases, has an incapacitated head (apostolic administrator sede plena). The title also applies to an outgoing incumbent while awaiting for the date of assuming his new position or date of effectivity of a retirement.
Ahani v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)
Ahani v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) [2002] 1 S.C.R. 72; 2002 SCC 2 is a significant decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in the areas of constitutional law and administrative law. It is a companion case to Suresh v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [2002] 1 S.C.R. 3. Both cases deal with the procedure for removal of Convention refugees for reasons of national security under the Immigration Act, R.S.C. 1985, and address questions of procedural fairness.

Suresh v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)
Suresh v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) [2002] 1 S.C.R. 3, 2002 SCC 1 is a leading decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in the areas of constitutional law and administrative law. The Court held that, under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, in most circumstances the government cannot deport someone to a country where they risk being tortured, but refugee claimants can be deported to their homelands if they are a serious security risk to Canadians.
Taverham
Taverham is a large village and civil parish in Norfolk, in England. It is approximately 5 miles (8 km) north-west of Norwich. Taverham sits on the River Wensum. Taverham forms part the wider Norwich Built-up area.

In 2001, Taverham had a population of 10,233. It has seen recent population growth with the building of Thorpe Marriott, a new residential development that straddles the boundary with the neighbouring village of Drayton. The patron saint of Taverham is St Walstan who according to legend lived and worked in the village in the 11th century. By 2013, the area of Taverham had an approximate population of 14,121.

Thorpe Marriott
Thorpe Marriott is a residential area in Norfolk, England covering part of Taverham and Drayton parishes. Much of its housing was built during the latter quarter of the 20th century.

It enjoys the amenities of both parishes, which are easily accessible from Fakenham Road (A1047). Although lacking its own school, surgery, post office or chemist, Thorpe Marriott holds a church and the Otter public house. Marriott's Way passes through it.
Alosi
Alosi or Alos (Georgian: ალოსი or ალოისი) is a village in the historical Tao region. It is currently a neighborhood (mahalle) of the village of Atlı (formerly Ori), located in the Olur district of Erzurum Province in Turkey.

Atlı, Olur
Atlı is a neighborhood in the district of Olur, Erzurum Province, Turkey. Its population is 136 (2024).

The historical name of the village of Atlı is Ori. Ori (ორი) is a Georgian toponym meaning "two." This toponym may be related to the two churches located in the village. This toponym also appears as Ori (اوری) in Turkish sources.

Alosi, which used to be a separate village, is located north of the center of Atlı.
William Hall (publisher)
William Hall (19 October 1800 – 7 March 1847) was a British publisher who, with Edward Chapman, founded Chapman & Hall, publishers for Charles Dickens (from 1840 until 1844 and again from 1858 until 1870), William Thackeray, Robert Browning, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Anthony Trollope, Eadweard Muybridge and Evelyn Waugh among others.

Edward Chapman (publisher)
Edward Chapman (13 January 1804 – 20 February 1880) was a British publisher who, with William Hall founded Chapman & Hall, publishers for Charles Dickens (from 1840 until 1844 and again from 1858 until 1870), William Thackeray, Robert Browning, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Anthony Trollope, Eadweard Muybridge and Evelyn Waugh among others.
St Mary's Music School
St Mary's Music School is a music school in Scotland in the West End of Edinburgh, for children aged 9 to 19 and is also the Choir School of St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral. The school, which is non-denominational, provides education for children with a special talent in music, and is Scotland's only full-time independent specialist music school. In 2023, the school had 64 pupils from many different backgrounds coming from all parts of Scotland, the rest of the UK and abroad.

Music schools in Scotland
Music schools in Scotland are available at several levels. Formal music education begins at 4½ years and can progress as high as postgraduate studies. Education in Scotland is a responsibility of the Scottish Government. Music is regarded as being an integral part of the culture of Scotland.
Emmanuel Théodose de La Tour d'Auvergne (1668–1730)
Emmanuel Théodose de La Tour d'Auvergne (1668 – 17 April 1730) was a French nobleman and ruler of the Sovereign Duchy of Bouillon. He was the son of Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne and his wife Marie Anne Mancini. He married four times and had eleven children.

Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon
Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon (21 June 1636 – 26 July 1721) was a French nobleman and member of the House of La Tour d'Auvergne, one of the most important families in France at the time. He married Marie Anne Mancini, niece of Cardinal Mazarin and had seven children.
Nathaniel Ames
Nathaniel Ames (July 22, 1708 – July 11, 1764) was a colonial American physician who published a popular series of annual almanacs.   He was the son of Nathaniel Ames first (1677–1736) and the father of Nathaniel and Fisher Ames. The family was descended from William Ames of Bruton, Somerset, England, whose son William emigrated to Massachusetts and settled at Braintree as early as 1640.

Nathaniel Ames (born 1741)
Nathaniel Ames (October 9, 1741 – July 20, 1822) was an American medical doctor, politician, and teacher. He represented Dedham, Massachusetts in the Massachusetts Great and General Court. Ames Street in Dedham is named for him and his family.
Tesla turbine
The Tesla turbine is a bladeless centripetal-flow turbine invented by Nikola Tesla in 1913. It functions as nozzles apply a moving fluid to the edges of a set of discs. The engine uses smooth discs rotating in a chamber to generate rotational movement due to the momentum exchange between the fluid and the discs. The discs are arranged in an orientation similar to a stack of CDs on an axle.

The Tesla turbine uses the boundary-layer effect, instead of the method employed by more conventional turbines, wherein a fluid acts on blades. The Tesla turbine is also referred to as the bladeless turbine, boundary-layer turbine, cohesion-type turbine, and Prandtl-layer turbine. The latter is named for Ludwig Prandtl. Bioengineering researchers have additionally referred to the Tesla turbine as a multiple-disk centrifugal pump.

One of Tesla's intended implementations for this turbine was for the generation of geothermal power, which he described in his work Our Future Motive Power.

Turbine
A turbine (/ˈtɜːrbaɪn/ or /ˈtɜːrbɪn/) (from the Greek τύρβη, tyrbē, or Latin turbo, meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced can be used for generating electrical power when combined with a generator. A turbine is a turbomachine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor.

Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. Modern steam turbines frequently employ both reaction and impulse in the same unit, typically varying the degree of reaction and impulse from the blade root to its periphery.
The Scar (novel)
The Scar is a weird fantasy novel by British writer China Miéville, the second set in his Bas-Lag universe. The Scar won the 2003 British Fantasy Award and was shortlisted for the 2003 Arthur C. Clarke Award. The Scar was additionally nominated for the Philip K. Dick Award in 2002 and the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 2003. It is set directly after the events described in Perdido Street Station.

Bas-Lag
Bas-Lag is a fictional universe in which several of China Miéville's novels are set. Bas-Lag is a world where both magic (referred to as thaumaturgy) and steampunk technology exist, and where many intelligent races live. This world and the novels set in it are, in generic terms, informed by the horror, fantasy and science fiction traditions. As with all  China Miéville's works, there is also a strong presence of social and political opinion.
General Electric XA100
The General Electric XA100 is an American adaptive cycle engine demonstrator being developed by General Electric (GE) for the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II and forms the technological foundation for the company's XA102 propulsion system for the United States Air Force's sixth generation fighter program, the Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD).

The XA100 directly competes with the Pratt & Whitney XA101. The three-stream adaptive cycle design can direct air to the bypass third stream for increased fuel efficiency and cooling or to the core and fan streams for additional thrust and performance. The 45,000 lbf (200 kN) thrust class engine is expected to be significantly more powerful and efficient than existing low-bypass turbofans.

General Electric XA102
The General Electric XA102 is an American adaptive cycle engine demonstrator being developed by General Electric (GE). It is competing with the Pratt & Whitney XA103 as the powerplant for the United States Air Force's sixth generation fighter program, the Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD).

The three-stream adaptive cycle design can direct air to the bypass third stream for increased fuel efficiency and cooling or to the core and fan streams for additional thrust and performance. The engine thrust has not been disclosed, although it is speculated by aviation reporters to be in the 35,000–40,000 lbf (156–178 kN) thrust class.
AutoTram Extra Grand
The AutoTram Extra Grand was a prototype of a bi-articulated passenger bus. It was around 30 metres (98 ft) long and had a maximum capacity of 256 passengers (96 seats), making it the largest passenger bus in the world.
It received wide attention during its and unveiling and public test drives, but never went into active service.

Bi-articulated bus
A bi-articulated bus or double-articulated bus and sometimes train-bus, tram-bus, trackless tram or double bendy bus is a type of high-capacity articulated bus with an extra axle and a second articulation joint, as well as extended length. Bi-articulated buses tend to be employed in high-frequency core routes or bus rapid transit schemes rather than in conventional bus routes.
Marga Boodts
Marga Boodts (February 18, 1895 – October 13, 1976) was a woman who claimed to be Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia.  She was one of a considerable number of Romanov pretenders who emerged from various parts of the world following the execution of Tsar Nicholas II and his family at Yekaterinberg on July 18, 1918.  She stands out, however, as one of very few who claimed to have been Grand Duchess Olga, the Tsar's oldest daughter. She was also known as Maria Bottcher.

Romanov impostors
Members of the ruling Russian imperial family, the House of Romanov, were executed by a firing squad led by Yakov Yurovsky in Yekaterinburg, Russia, on 17 July 1918, during both the Russian Civil War and near the end of the First World War. Afterwards, a number of people came forward claiming to have survived the execution. All were impostors, as the skeletal remains of the Imperial family have since been recovered and identified through DNA testing. To this day, a number of people still falsely claim to be members of the Romanov family, often using false titles of nobility or royalty.
Drosophila testacea species group
The Drosophila testacea species group belongs to the Immigrans-tripunctata radiation of the subgenus Drosophila, and contains 4 species: Drosophila putrida, Drosophila neotestacea, Drosophila testacea, and Drosophila orientacea. Testacea species are specialist mushroom-feeding flies, and can metabolize toxic compounds in Amanita mushrooms. The Testacea species group is studied for its specialist ecology, population genetics, and bacterial endosymbionts. The North American species Drosophila neotestacea is perhaps the best-studied of the group for its interactions with parasitic wasps and nematodes, bacterial endosymbionts, and trypanosomatid parasites. Of note, selfish X chromosomes (a form of meiotic drive) have been discovered in three of the four Testacea group species.

Testacea species are commonly found in association with members of the Drosophila Quinaria species group due to their shared mushroom-feeding life history.

Drosophila neotestacea
Drosophila neotestacea is a member of the testacea species group of Drosophila. Testacea species are specialist fruit flies that breed on the fruiting bodies of mushrooms. These flies will choose to breed on psychoactive mushrooms such as the Fly Agaric Amanita muscaria. Drosophila neotestacea can be found in temperate regions of North America, ranging from the north eastern United States to western Canada.
John Richardson (archbishop of Fredericton)
Christianity portal

John Andrew Richardson (30 October 1868 – 7 October 1938) was the third Bishop of Fredericton and later became Metropolitan of Canada.

He was educated at Warwick School and St. John's College, University of Manitoba. Ordained in 1895, he was Rector of St Luke's, Winnipeg and then of the Parish of Saint John (Trinity Church) in Saint John, New Brunswick, before becoming Bishop Coadjutor and Dean of Fredericton in 1906. The following year he became its diocesan and in 1934 metropolitan of his province- posts he held until his death.

Diocese of Fredericton
The Diocese of Fredericton is a diocese of the Ecclesiastical Province of Canada of the Anglican Church of Canada. Established in 1845, its first bishop was John Medley, who served until his death on September 9, 1892. Its cathedral and diocesan offices are in Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.
Negative space
In art and design, negative space or negative volume is the empty space around and between the subject(s) of an image. In graphic design this is known as white space. Negative space may be most evident when the space around a subject, not the subject itself, forms an interesting or artistically relevant shape, and such space occasionally is used to artistic effect as the "real" subject of an image.

White space (visual arts)
In page layout and illustration, white space (or often negative space) is the portion of a page left unmarked: margins, gutters, and space between columns, lines of type, graphics, figures, or objects drawn or depicted. 
It is not necessarily actually white if the background is of a different colour. The term arises from graphic design practice, where printing processes generally use white paper.
White space may be affirmatively an element of design rather than just space left blank.

When space is at a premium, such as in some types of magazine, newspaper, and yellow pages advertising, white space is restricted in order to get as much information onto the page as possible. A page full of text or graphics with very little white space may appear cluttered, and be difficult to read. Some designs compensate for restricted white space by use of leading and typeface. Extensive white space may be left intentionally, with the purpose of giving an appearance deemed classic, elegant, or rich.
New York State Route 151
New York State Route 151 (NY 151) is an 8.23-mile (13.24 km) state highway located in Rensselaer County, New York, in the United States. Its western terminus is at an interchange with the U.S. Route 9 (US 9) and US 20 in Rensselaer, and its eastern terminus is at a junction with NY 150 in Shivers Corners, a hamlet in the town of Schodack. It also has an intersection with US 4 in East Greenbush. NY 151 was assigned to most of its current alignment as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York. In Rensselaer, NY 151 has been altered several times, with the most recent change coming in the late 1990s. The current western terminus of NY 151 was once the western terminus of NY 43.

New York State Route 150
New York State Route 150 (NY 150) is a north–south state highway in Rensselaer County, New York, in the United States. The southern terminus of the route is at NY 9J in Castleton-on-Hudson. Its northern terminus is at a junction with NY 66 in the hamlet of Wynantskill, located within the town of North Greenbush.
Chrysaora pentastoma
Chrysaora pentastoma or Australian Sea Nettle is a species of jellyfish from the family Pelagiidae. This small sea nettle has a strong sting and it is found in coastal waters of eastern South Australia.

Chrysaora
Chrysaora (/ˈkraɪseɪˌɔːrə/) is a genus of jellyfish, commonly called the sea nettles, in the family Pelagiidae. The origin of the genus name Chrysaora lies in Greek mythology with Chrysaor, brother of Pegasus and son of Poseidon and Medusa. Translated, Chrysaor means "he who has a golden armament."
Provincial Highway 25 (Taiwan)
Provincial Highway 25 is a Taiwanese highway that starts from Fengshan and ends in Linyuan, both in Kaohsiung City. The highway is also known as Fenglin Highway (鳳林公路). The route length is 18.275 kilometres (11.356 mi).

Highway system in Taiwan
Highways in Taiwan are classified into five types:

The system does not apply to other parts of Taiwan, namely Kinmen and Lienchiang counties, and islands in the South China Sea.

Expressways in Taiwan may be controlled-access highways similar to National Freeways or limited-access roads. Most have urban roads 
and intra-city expressways (as opposed to Highway system) status, although some are built and maintained by cities.
Isho
Ishoʿ (īšōʕ), a cognate of the Hebrew term Yeshu, is the Eastern Syriac pronunciation of the Aramaic form of the name of Jesus. The name is borrowed from Classical Syriac and is a male given name.

It is still commonly used as a name for Jesus among Syriac Christians (namely Assyrians) of West Asia and Saint Thomas Christians of India. In the West and East Syriac Rites, the name is pronounced with the 'ayin.

Persons with this name include:

Ishoʿ of Merv

Isho bar Ali

Isho Bar Nun

Isho Majid Hadaya

Names with Ishoʿ as a component include:

Enanisho

Hnanisho I

Hnanisho II

Ishoʿbokht

Ishodad of Merv

Isho'dnah

Ishoʿsabran

Ishoyahb I

Ishoyahb II

Ishoyahb III

Ishoyahb IV

Ishoyahb V

Sabrisho I

Sabrisho II

Sabrisho III

Sabrisho IV

Sabrisho V

Jesus (name)
Jesus (/ˈdʒiːzəs/) is a masculine given name derived from Iēsous (Ἰησοῦς; Iesus in Classical Latin), the Ancient Greek form of the Hebrew name Yeshua (ישוע). As its roots lie in the name Isho in Aramaic and Yeshua in Hebrew, it is etymologically related to another biblical name, Joshua.

The vocative form Jesu, from Latin Iesu, was commonly used in religious texts and prayers during the Middle Ages, particularly in England, but gradually declined in usage as the English language evolved.

Jesus is usually not used as a given name in the English-speaking world, while its counterparts have had longstanding popularity among people with other language backgrounds, such as the Spanish Jesús.