hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
W-algebra
In conformal field theory and representation theory, a W-algebra is an associative algebra that generalizes the Virasoro algebra. W-algebras were introduced by Alexander Zamolodchikov, and the name "W-algebra" comes from the fact that Zamolodchikov used the letter W for one of the elements of one of his examples.

Two-dimensional conformal field theory
A two-dimensional conformal field theory is a quantum field theory on a Euclidean two-dimensional space, that is invariant under local conformal transformations.

In contrast to other types of conformal field theories, two-dimensional conformal field theories have infinite-dimensional symmetry algebras. In some cases, this allows them to be solved exactly, using the conformal bootstrap  method.

Notable two-dimensional conformal field theories include minimal models, Liouville theory, massless free bosonic theories, Wess–Zumino–Witten models, and certain sigma models.
Cardiff City Council
Cardiff City Council was the local government district authority that administered the city of Cardiff, capital of Wales, from 1974 until 1996. The district council replaced the pre-1974 county borough council. It was succeeded in 1996 by Cardiff Council.

Cardiff County Borough Council
Cardiff County Borough Council, known as Cardiff City Council after Cardiff achieved city status in 1905, was the elected local authority that administered the town (later city) and county borough of Cardiff, Glamorgan, Wales between 1889 and 1974. The county borough council was replaced in 1974 by a district council, covering part of South Glamorgan and also known as Cardiff City Council.
Arkansas Highway 50
Highway 50 (AR 50, Ark. 50, or Hwy. 50) is a designation for two east–west state highways in northeast Arkansas. A western route of 27.96 miles (45.00 km) runs east from St. Francis County Route 415 (CR 415) to Highway 147 near Anthonyville. A second route of 15.84 miles (25.49 km) begins at US Route 70 (US 70) and runs east to Highway 77 in Clarkedale.

Arkansas Highway 147
Arkansas Highway 147 (AR 147) is a north–south state highway in Crittenden County, Arkansas, United States. The route runs 25.83 miles (41.57 km) from Bruins north to U.S. Route 64 (US 64) north of Cunningham Corner. A portion of the route makes up the western routing of the Great River Road.
Tupsley
Tupsley is a historic village, ward and suburb of the city of Hereford in Herefordshire, England. It is located southeast of the city centre and close to the River Wye. Tupsley is surrounded by the suburbs of Bartonsham, Eign Hill, and The Hamptons. The population of the ward at the 2021 Census was recorded at 3,075. It is one of the sixteen wards of Hereford City Council. It is represented by Cllr Jim Kenyon.

Bartonsham
Bartonsham is an inner city suburb of the city of Hereford in Herefordshire, England. It is located southeast of the city centre on the River Wye. It is bounded by Hereford City Centre, Eign Hill, The Hamptons and Tupsley. It is part of the Central Ward.
Queen Maya of Silla
Queen Maya (Korean: 마야 부인; Hanja: 摩耶夫人) was a member of the Silla royal house and the wife and queen consort to King Jinpyeong of Silla, 26th King of Silla. She was of the royal Kim clan. She was the mother of Queen Seondeok of Silla.

The name of Queen Maya is derived from Queen Maya (摩耶夫人), the mother of Siddhartha Gautama (Shakyamuni Buddha). During the reign of King Beopheung, Buddhism became officially recognized, and as a result, names for the Silla royalty began to incorporate Buddhist elements and meanings. Although Queen Maya and King Jinpyeong had four daughters and no sons, the existence of two of their daughters, Sunhwa and Cheonhwa, remains uncertain.

Queen Seondeok of Silla
Queen Seondeok (Korean: 선덕여왕 Korean pronunciation: [sʌn.dʌk jʌ.waŋ]; Unknown  – 20 February [O.S. 17 February] 647; 8th day of the 1st lunar month of the 14th year of Inpyeong [인평 14년 정월 8일; 仁平14年正月8日]) reigned as Queen Regnant of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, from 632 to 647. She was Silla's twenty-seventh ruler, and its first reigning queen. In the Samguk sagi, Queen Seondeok was described as "generous, benevolent, wise, and smart". According to the Legend of Jigwi, she was also beautiful.
Santiago de Cuba railway station
Santiago de Cuba, also known as Santiago General Senén Casas, is the main railway station of the city of Santiago de Cuba, seat of the province of the same name in Cuba. It is owned by the state company Ferrocarriles de Cuba (FFCC) and is located in the central Paseo de Martí, near the city harbor.

It is the second–most important station in Cuba and, along with Havana Central, Camagüey and Santa Clara, is one of the network's divisional headquarters.

Camagüey railway station
Camagüey is the main railway station of the city of Camagüey, seat of the homonym province, Cuba. The station, informally known as Camagüey Central, is owned by the state company Ferrocarriles de Cuba (FFCC) and is located in the Avenida Van Horne, in the middle of the city and just in front of the Hotel Plaza.

It is one of the most important stations of Cuba and, along with Havana Central, Santiago and Santa Clara, is a network's divisional headquarter.
Ottawa Senators Women's Hockey Club
The Ottawa Senators Women's Hockey Club is a women's ice hockey organization, based in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The organization organizes teams in several age divisions, including Intermediate in the Ontario Women's Hockey League (OWHL). The women's senior-level ice hockey team formerly played in the Canadian Women's Hockey League (CWHL), until 2010. The senior team was formerly known as the Ottawa Capital Canucks  and the  Ottawa Raiders.

Ontario Women's Hockey League
The Ontario Women's Hockey League U22 Elite (OWHL), formerly the Provincial Women's Hockey League, is a women's junior ice hockey league in Ontario, Canada. Founded in 2004, it is considered to be the highest level of amateur women's ice hockey in Ontario, and is sanctioned by Hockey Canada and the Ontario Women's Hockey Association.

OWHL alumni have gone on to play in the Professional Women's Hockey League, National Collegiate Athletic Association, and U Sports, and for the Canadian national team.
Trifle
Trifle is a layered dessert of English origin. The usual ingredients are a thin layer of ladyfingers or sponge cake soaked in sherry or another fortified wine, a fruit element (fresh or jelly), custard and whipped cream layered in that ascending order in a glass dish. The contents of a trifle are highly variable and many varieties exist, some forgoing fruit entirely and instead using other ingredients, such as chocolate, coffee or vanilla. The fruit and sponge layers may be suspended in fruit-flavoured jelly, and these ingredients are usually arranged to produce three or four layers. The assembled dessert can be topped with whipped cream or, more traditionally, syllabub.

The name trifle was used for a dessert like a fruit fool in the sixteenth century; by the eighteenth century, Hannah Glasse records a recognisably modern trifle, with the inclusion of a gelatin jelly.

Syllabub
Syllabub  is a sweet dish made by curdling cream or milk with an acid such as wine or cider. It was a popular British confection from the 16th to the 19th centuries. The holiday punch, sweet and frothy, was often considered a ladies' drink.

Early recipes for syllabub are for a drink of cider with milk. By the 17th century it had evolved into a type of dessert made with sweet white wine. More wine could be added to make a punch, but it could also be made to have a thicker consistency that could be eaten with a spoon, used as a topping for trifle, or to dip fingers of sponge cake into.
Pariaman Express
Pariaman Express Train (formerly known as Sibinuang Train) is an economy class local train service operated by PT Kereta api Indonesia (Persero) Padang Regional Division II, which serves the route Pauh Lima Station-Padang Station-Naras Station or vice versa. This train is under the control of Regional Division II West Sumatra. This train is also one of the few passenger train services operated there along with the airport train Minangkabau Express and Lembah Anai railbus.

Minangkabau Express
Minangkabau  Express (Indonesian: KA Minangkabau Ekspres) is an airport rail link service in West Sumatra, Indonesia. This line was built to cut travel time from Padang city centre to the Minangkabau International Airport in Padang Pariaman Regency, as roads connecting the airport and the city center are frequently affected by traffic congestion.

The Minangkabau Express is the third airport rail link in Indonesia after Kualanamu ARS and Soekarno–Hatta ARS. It was inaugurated by President Joko Widodo on 21 May 2018.
Ơ
Ơ (lowercase ơ) is one of the 12 Vietnamese language vowels. It represents the sound [ə], the schwa.

As with most special Vietnamese letters, this letter is not well-supported by fonts and is often typed as either o+ or o*. The VIQR standard is o+.

On the Windows default Vietnamese keyboard Ơ can be found on where the ] key is on a US English keyboard layout.

Because Vietnamese is a tonal language this letter may optionally have any one of the five tonal symbols above or below it, as in phở.

Ờ ờ

Ớ ớ

Ở ở

Ỡ ỡ

Ợ ợ

Ơ and Ư were in the past used for Thai Romanization, but are now written as oe and ue.

Ư
Ư (lowercase ư) is one of the 12 Vietnamese language vowels. It represents the vowel [ɯ]. It also appears in the Jarai language where it makes the lengthened vowel sound, [ɯː].

As with most special Vietnamese letters, this letter is not well-supported by fonts and is often typed as either ⟨u+⟩ or ⟨u*⟩. The VIQR standard is ⟨u+⟩.

On the Windows default Vietnamese keyboard Ư can be found on where the [ key is on a US English keyboard layout.

Because Vietnamese is a tonal language this letter may optionally have any one of the five tonal symbols above or below it.

Ừ ừ

Ứ ứ

Ử ử

Ữ ữ

Ự ự

Ơ and Ư were in the past used for Thai Romanization, Ơ being removed in the 1939 system and Ư lasting up until the 1968 system. Both are now written with digraphs, oe and ue.
Puss in the Corner
Puss in the Corner, also called Puss in Corner is a patience or solitaire card game that is played with a single pack of 52 playing cards. It is of the half-open, planner type and is a "thinly disguised variant of Sir Tommy," but with modifications and with the waste piles placed at the corners of the foundations, hence the name. It has the rare feature that the suits are built up in colour, not in suit.

Sir Tommy
Sir Tommy, also called Old Patience, is a patience or solitaire card game using a single pack of 52 playing cards. It is said to be the ancestor of all patiences, hence its alternative title.  It is a half-open, planner type of patience game in the same family of card-building games as Calculation and Strategy. It is also known as Try Again and Numerica. Ednah Cheney (1869) calls it Solitaire and says "it is the simplest form of patience".
CPH PIX
CPH PIX was a film festival that took place annually in Copenhagen, Denmark. Created when the Copenhagen International Film Festival and the NatFilm Festival were merged in 2008, the festival ran from 2009 until 2021. It was run by Copenhagen Film Festivals, which also manages the documentary festival CPH:DOX. CPH PIX incorporated Buster Film Festival for Children and Youth between 2016 and 2018.

Copenhagen International Film Festival
Copenhagen International Film Festival (CIFF) was a film festival held annually in Copenhagen, Denmark, from 2003 to 2008. The main prize, the Golden Swan, was awarded for Best Film, Best Director, Best Actress, Best Actor, Best Script and Best Cinematography. In 2009, CIFF merged with the NatFilm Festival to become the CPH PIX film festival.
Hacker
A hacker is a person skilled in information technology who achieves goals and solves problems by non-standard means. The term has become associated in popular culture with a security hacker – someone with knowledge of bugs or exploits to break into computer systems and access data which would otherwise be inaccessible to them. In a positive connotation, though, hacking can also be utilized by legitimate figures in legal situations. For example, law enforcement agencies sometimes use hacking techniques to collect evidence on criminals and other malicious actors. This could include using anonymity tools (such as a VPN or the dark web) to mask their identities online and pose as criminals.

Hacking can also have a broader sense of any roundabout solution to a problem, or programming and hardware development in general, and hacker culture has spread the term's broader usage to the general public even outside the profession or hobby of electronics (see life hack).

Security hacker
A security hacker or security researcher is someone who explores methods for breaching or bypassing defenses and exploiting weaknesses in a computer system or network. Hackers may be motivated by a multitude of reasons, such as profit, protest, sabotage, information gathering, challenge, recreation, or evaluation of a system weaknesses to assist in formulating defenses against potential hackers.

Longstanding controversy surrounds the meaning of the term "hacker". In this controversy, computer programmers reclaim the term hacker, arguing that it refers simply to someone with an advanced understanding of computers and computer networks, and that cracker is the more appropriate term for those who break into computers, whether computer criminals (black hats) or computer security experts (white hats). A 2014 article noted that "the black-hat meaning still prevails among the general public". The subculture that has evolved around hackers is often referred to as the "computer underground".
Pathfinding
Pathfinding or pathing is the search, by a computer application, for the shortest route between two points. It is a more practical variant on solving mazes. This field of research is based heavily on Dijkstra's algorithm for finding the shortest path on a weighted graph.

Pathfinding is closely related to the shortest path problem, within graph theory, which examines how to identify the path that best meets some criteria (shortest, cheapest, fastest, etc) between two points in a large network.

Shortest path problem
In graph theory, the shortest path problem is the problem of finding a path between two vertices (or nodes) in a graph such that the sum of the weights of its constituent edges is minimized.

The problem of finding the shortest path between two intersections on a road map may be modeled as a special case of the shortest path problem in graphs, where the vertices correspond to intersections and the edges correspond to road segments, each weighted by the length or distance of each segment.
Palmdale, California
Palmdale is a city in northern Los Angeles County, California, United States. The city lies in the Antelope Valley of Southern California. The San Gabriel Mountains separate Palmdale from the Los Angeles Basin to the south.

On August 24, 1962, Palmdale became the first city in Antelope Valley. Forty-seven years later, in November 2009, voters approved making it a charter city. Palmdale's population was 169,450 at the 2020 census, up from 152,750 at the 2010 census. Palmdale is the 33rd most populous city in California. Together with its immediate northern neighbor, the city of Lancaster, the Palmdale–Lancaster urban area had a population of 359,559 in 2020.

Lancaster, California
Lancaster /ˈlæŋ.kæstər/ is a charter city in northern Los Angeles County, in the Antelope Valley of the western Mojave Desert in Southern California, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 173,516, making Lancaster the 158th-most populous city in the United States and the 30th most populous in California. Lancaster is a twin city with its southern neighbor Palmdale; together, they are the principal cities within the Antelope Valley region.

Lancaster is located approximately 70 miles (110 km) north (via I-5 and SR 14) of downtown Los Angeles and is near the Kern County line. It is separated from the Los Angeles Basin by the San Gabriel Mountains to the south and from Bakersfield and the San Joaquin Valley by the Tehachapi Mountains to the north. The population of Lancaster has grown from 37,000 at the time of its incorporation in 1977 to over 173,000 as of 2020.
Kōnoike Shinden
The Konoike Shinden (鴻池新田) was a new land development undertaken by a wealthy Osaka merchant, Konoike Zen'emon in mid-Edo Period Japan. It was located in central Kawachi Province in what is now part of the city of Higashiōsaka, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. The well-preserved buildings of the management office of the settlement were designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1976.

Higashiōsaka
Higashiōsaka (東大阪市, Higashiōsaka-shi; literally "East Osaka City") is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 486,464 in 233,124 households and a population density of 7,874 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 61.78 square kilometres (23.85 sq mi). The city is known as one of the industrial cities of Japan and "the rugby football town".
Manila Railroad 170 class
The Manila Railroad 170 class were ten 4-8-2 Mountain steam locomotives operated by the Manila Railroad Company (MRR), predecessor of the Philippine National Railways. They were built alongside the 2-10-2 Santa Fe-type Manila Railroad 200 class by the American Locomotive Company at its Brooks facility between 1921 and 1922. During its service at the MRR, it carried passenger trains on the South Main Line between Manila and the Bicol Region.

A handful of locomotives survived World War II unlike its sister the Manila Railroad 200 class and continued to serve until August 1956, when diesel locomotives started to replace them. These locomotives were ultimately scrapped without a single unit preserved like all of the Manila Railroad's tender locomotives.

Manila Railroad 200 class
The Manila Railroad 200 class were 2-10-2 Santa Fe steam locomotives operated by the Manila Railroad Company (MRR), predecessor of the Philippine National Railways. They were built alongside the 4-8-2 Mountain-type 170 class by the American Locomotive Company at its Brooks facility between 1921 and 1922. During its service at the MRR, it carried heavy freight trains on the South Main Line between Manila and the Bicol Region.

Four units managed to survive World War II. These locomotives were ultimately scrapped without a single unit preserved like all of the Manila Railroad's tender locomotives.
30 December 2023 Belgorod shelling
On 30 December 2023, during the Russo-Ukrainian war, explosions occurred in the city of Belgorod, Russia, killing at least 25 people and wounding over 100. Russian sources said the explosions were shelling by the Ukrainian Armed Forces. Ukraine attributed the explosions to the work of Russian air defence.

Russia also reported that it had shot down drones in other Russian cities the same day. The attack occurred a day after Russia launched airstrikes at multiple cities in Ukraine, killing 57 and wounding 160. The Russian Defense Ministry called the strikes a "terrorist attack" that would "not go unpunished", launching 49 drones at Ukrainian cities the following days in retaliation.

It is reportedly the single largest death toll in a Russian city since the beginning of the war on 24 February 2022.

29 December 2023 Russian strikes on Ukraine
In the early morning hours of 29 December 2023, Russia launched what was seen to be the largest wave of missiles and drones yet seen in the Russo-Ukrainian War, with hundreds of missiles and drones hitting the Ukrainian capital Kyiv and other cities across the country. At least 58 people were reported to have been killed in the attacks, while 160 others were injured.
2023 Patras municipal election
2023 Patras Municipal election was held on 8 October 2023 to elect the mayor of Patras as a part of the 2023 Greek Local elections. It moved to a second round run-off that took place a week later, on 15 October, between incumbent Kostas Peletidis backed by KKE and New Democracy supporter Kostantinos Svolis with no party support.

As all municipal elections in Greece the system used is one of 2-round proportional representation with reinforced proportinality.

KKE candidate Kostas Peletidis got reelected to the position of mayor with a smaller percentage in contrast to the last time but also became one of the few KKE candidates that came victorious in the  2023 Greek Local elections. Receiving an absolute 3/5s majority in the municipal council as per a new electoral law.

2023 Greek local elections
Local elections were held in Greece on 8 October 2023 and, where a second round was required, on 15 October 2023. Voters elected representatives to the country's local authorities, comprising 13 regions and 332 municipalities.
Oksoko avarsan
Oksoko (Oak-soak-oh; from Öksökö, a mythical bird of Yakut folklore) is a genus of oviraptorid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Asia, that lived in what is now the Nemegt Formation in Mongolia. It includes the type species Oksoko avarsan.

Oviraptoridae
Oviraptoridae is a group of bird-like, herbivorous or omnivorous maniraptoran dinosaurs. Oviraptorids are characterized by their toothless, parrot-like beaks and, in some cases, elaborate crests. They were generally small, measuring between one and two metres long in most cases, though some possible oviraptorids were enormous. Oviraptorids are currently known only from the Late Cretaceous in Asia, with the most well-known species and complete specimens found only in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia and northwestern China.
Ya'akov Eilon
Ya'akov Eilon (Hebrew: יעקב אילון; born 3 May 1961), a.k.a. Jacob Eilon, is an Israeli television presenter and journalist. Alongside Miki Haimovich, he was the anchor of Channel 2's HaHadashot 2 and Channel 10's Hadashot 10 news bulletins. Since 2019, Eilon presents the 5 pm IST edition of HaHadashot 13 on Reshet 13.

Miki Haimovich
Miki Haimovich (Hebrew: מִיקִי חַיְימוֹבִיץ׳  pronounced [ˈmiki χajˈmovitʃ]; born 15 June 1962) is an Israeli television presenter, former politician and veganism activist. She served as a member of the Knesset for Blue and White from 2019 to 2021.
Picaroon (horse)
Picaroon (1922–1926) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse. He was the leading British two-year-old colt of his generation, winning all three of his races in 1924 including the Imperial Produce Stakes and the Middle Park Stakes recording victories over Manna and Solario in the process. In the following spring he won the Craven Stakes and was favourite for the 2000 Guineas and The Derby but then began to suffer from leg problems which ruled him out of both races. He returned in autumn to finish fourth in the St Leger and then won his last four races including the Champion Stakes. He remained in training in 1926 but his leg problems intensified and he was euthanised at the age of four.

Manna (horse)
Manna (1922–1939) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a career which lasted from summer 1924 until September 1925, Manna ran eight times, winning four races. As a three-year-old in 1925 he won the 2000 Guineas at Newmarket and The Derby by a record margin of eight lengths. Manna was retired after breaking down in his bid to win the Triple Crown in the St. Leger at Doncaster. He later had a successful career at stud.