hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ward Parkway
Ward Parkway is a boulevard in Kansas City, Missouri, United States. Ward Parkway begins at Brookside Boulevard on the eastern edge of the Country Club Plaza and travels west 2.8 miles along Brush Creek as U.S. Route 56 before turning south near Kansas-Missouri state line. It continues south for 4 miles, terminating at Wornall Road near Bannister Road. A short spur, Brush Creek Parkway, connects Ward Parkway to Shawnee Mission Parkway at State Line Road.

The street is named after the family of local businessman and real estate tycoon Seth E. Ward (1820–1903), who owned property on both sides of the parkway. His family's mansion is located at 1032 West 55th Street along Ward Parkway and remains on the National Register of Historic Places.

Ward Parkway has a wide, landscaped median, which is decorated with fountains and statuary. Many of Kansas City's finest large houses are along Ward Parkway as part of the planned Country Club District.

U.S. Route 56
U.S. Route 56 (US 56) is an east–west United States highway that runs for approximately 640 miles (1,030 km) in the Midwestern United States. US 56's western terminus is at Interstate 25 Business (I-25 Bus.), US 412 and New Mexico State Road 21 (NM 21) in Springer, New Mexico and the highway's eastern terminus is at US 71 in Kansas City, Missouri. Much of it follows the Santa Fe Trail.
ITTF Challenge Series
The ITTF Challenge Series was an annual series of table tennis tournaments organised by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF). Initially created in 2013 as the third tier of the ITTF World Tour (below the Super Series and Major Series), the Challenge Series became a separate tour in 2017. It was the ITTF's secondary tour, below the World Tour.

Starting from 2019, the series had two tiers: ITTF Challenge Plus and ITTF Challenge. Canada, Nigeria, North Korea, Oman, Paraguay, and Portugal were announced as host for the Challenge Plus tournaments for the 2019 season.

Since 2021, the ITTF Challenge Series has been effectively replaced by the newly created World Table Tennis Feeder Series.

ITTF World Tour
The ITTF World Tour, known as the ITTF Pro Tour until 2011, was an annual series of table tennis tournaments introduced by International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) in 1996. The tour includes events in seven categories: Men's and Women's Singles, Men's, Women's, and Mixed Doubles, and Under-21 Men's and Women's Singles. The tour has its own points system, with players accumulating points based on their performances in the tournaments they enter.
Air Pollution Index
The Air Pollution Index (API; Malay: Indeks Pencemaran Udara) is a simple and generalized way to describe the air quality, which is used in Malaysia. It is calculated from several sets of air pollution data and was formerly used in mainland China and Hong Kong. In mainland China the API was replaced by an updated air quality index in early 2012 and on 30 December 2013 Hong Kong moved to a health based index.

Air quality index
An air quality index (AQI) is an approximation of how polluted the air currently is or how polluted it is forecast to become. As air pollution levels rise, so does the AQI, along with the associated public health risks.

Different countries have their own air quality indices, corresponding to different national air quality standards. These include Canada's Air Quality Health Index, Malaysia's Air Pollution Index, and Singapore's Pollutant Standards Index. Pollutants that are commonly monitored include ground-level ozone, particulates, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide.

Children, the elderly, and individuals with respiratory or cardiovascular problems are typically the first groups affected by poor air quality. When the AQI is high, governmental bodies generally encourage people to reduce physical activity outdoors, or even avoid going out altogether.
Ursus SA
Ursus SA (often stylized URSUS SA) was a Polish agricultural machinery manufacturer, headquartered in Lublin, Poland. The company was founded in Warsaw in 1893, and holds a prominent place in Polish tractor production history. It has also carried out some production of trolleybuses in a joint venture with the Ukrainian manufacturer Bogdan, and manufactures buses, coaches, and trolleybuses in a joint venture with Polish manufacturer AMZ Kutno under the name Ursus Bus. The company was purchased by Pol-Mot in 2011.

The name means 'bear' in Latin.

Pol-Mot Holding
Pol-Mot Holding SA is a Polish holding company based manufacturer of agricultural equipment. Pol-Mot was established in 1968; it controlled the whole international trade and collaboration of Polish automotive industry, inclusive with license contracts.

Between 1990 and 1996 it was privatized and diversified its activity, which now includes manufacture of automotive components, tractors and agricultural machines, construction, and – traditionally – sales of cars.

The 14 daughter companies in their majority were either acquired or specially established. Among them are five car dealers (makes: Fiat, Iveco, Piaggio, Skoda, MG, Rover), five agricultural machinery factories cooperating with Indian Escorts, Swedish Alfa-Laval Agri, Dutch Netagco, and two automotive components factories (mechanical carjacks, electrical harnesses, brake & washer fluid reservoirs).

Pol-Mot has also acquired some real estate in cooperation with different partners.
Hungarosaurus
Hungarosaurus (meaning 'Hungarian lizard' from the Latin Hungaria, 'Hungary', and Greek σαυρος/sauros, 'lizard') is an extinct genus of nodosaurid ankylosaurian dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) Csehbánya Formation of the Bakony Mountains, western Hungary. The type (and only) species is H. tormai, and represents the most completely known ankylosaur from the Cretaceous of Europe. Hungarosaurus walked on four legs and its body was covered with hundreds of osteoderms. The length of mature specimens was about 4–4.8 metres (13–16 ft).

Nodosauridae
Nodosauridae is a family of ankylosaurian dinosaurs known from the Late Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous periods in what is now Asia, Europe, North America, and possibly South America. While traditionally regarded as a monophyletic clade as the sister taxon to the Ankylosauridae, some analyses recover it as a paraphyletic grade leading to the ankylosaurids.
Kaithal State
Kaithal State was a Sikh state based out of Kaithal. It was one of the Cis-Sutlej states. The Sikh chieftains of Kaithal ruled from 1767 until the state's fall in 1843. At the state's height, it was the second-largest cis-Sutlej state, after Patiala State. The rulers of the state were popularly known by the title of bhai (meaning "brother").

Kaithal
Kaithal (Hindi: [kɛːt̪ʰl]) is a city and municipal council in the Kaithal district of the Indian state of Haryana. Kaithal was previously a part of Karnal district and later, Kurukshetra district until 1 November 1989, when it became the headquarters of  Kaithal. It shares a border with the Patiala district of state Punjab and the Kurukshetra, Jind and Karnal districts of Haryana. Kaithal district is situated in the North-West of the Haryana state. Its North-West boundaries, which include Guhla-Cheeka are attached to Punjab.
Chapala, Jalisco
Chapala (Spanish: [tʃaˈpala] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in the central Mexican state of Jalisco, located on the north shore of Lake Chapala, Mexico's largest freshwater lake.  According to the 2015 census, its population is 50,738 for the municipality.  The municipality includes about 11,000 in the town of Ajijic.

Ajijic
Ajijic (Spanish pronunciation: [axiˈxik] ⓘ) is a town about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) west from the town of Chapala, part of the municipality (also named Chapala), in the State of Jalisco, Mexico. It is situated on the north shore of Lake Chapala, surrounded by mountains. Ajijic enjoys a moderate climate year-round. The population of Ajijic was 11,439 as of the 2020 census.
Eastern Highway
Eastern Highway is a 1.2 kilometre highway in inner northern Melbourne, Australia, that ultimately acts as a feeder road into Eastern Freeway. This name however is not widely known to most drivers, as the allocation is still best known by the name of its sole constituent part: Alexandra Parade.

Eastern Freeway (Melbourne)
The Eastern Freeway is an urban freeway in eastern Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. It is one of the busiest freeways in the city, running in an east-west direction between the two major inner-urban arterial roads of Alexandra Parade and Hoddle Street, and the EastLink tollway. It is continually the widest freeway in Melbourne, with 12 lanes altogether at its western end. In other locations it consists of between six and 12 lanes. One of these lanes is reserved as an inbound transit lane reserved for vehicles with two or more occupants during peak hours west of Burke Road.
IHCH-7113
IHCH-7113 is a serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist and serotonergic psychedelic of the pyridopyrroloquinoxaline family. It was derived by structural simplification of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist and atypical antipsychotic lumateperone. Other related compounds include IHCH-7079 and IHCH-7086, which were found to be non-hallucinogenic biased serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists that were active in antidepressant assays but did not produce psychedelic-like responding in mice. IHCH-7113 on the other hand produced a head-twitch response comparable to that of DOI or LSD, which was blocked by the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist volinanserin. The drug is not a controlled substance in the United States or Canada.

IHCH-7086
IHCH-7086 is a non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT2A receptor biased agonist of the pyridopyrroloquinoxaline family. It was derived via structural simplification of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor antagonist and atypical antipsychotic lumateperone. The drug produces antidepressant-like effects but not psychedelic-like effects in rodents. Other related compounds include IHCH-7079, which is a non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT2A receptor biased agonist similarly, and IHCH-7113, which produces the head-twitch response in rodents and hence would be expected to be hallucinogenic in humans.
Drawsko Pomorskie
Drawsko Pomorskie [ˈdrafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] (until 1948 Polish: Drawsko; German: Dramburg) is a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northwestern Poland. It is the administrative seat of Drawsko County and the urban-rural commune of Gmina Drawsko Pomorskie. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 11,292. It is home to the Drawsko Training Ground, one of the largest training areas in Poland.

Drawsko Training Ground
The Colonel Franciszek Sadowski Land Forces Training Centre in Drawsko (Polish: Centrum Szkolenia Wojsk Lądowych Drawsko im. płk. dypl. Franciszka Sadowskiego), commonly known as the Drawsko Training Ground (Polish: Poligon Drawski) is a training and proving ground located approximately 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) southwest of Drawsko Pomorskie, West Pomeranian Voivodeship. The training ground was called the Flugplatz Gabbert of the German Reichswehr. Aside from being used by the Polish Army, it is also used by all member states of NATO.
Yeonsangun of Joseon
Yeonsangun or Prince Yeonsan (Korean: 연산군; Hanja: 燕山君; 23 November 1476 – 20 November 1506), personal name Yi Yung (이융; 李㦕), was the 10th monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. Often considered the worst tyrant in Joseon's history and perhaps all Korean history, he is notorious for launching two bloody purges, seizing hundreds of women from all over the peninsula to serve as palace entertainers, and appropriating Sungkyunkwan as a personal pleasure ground. Yeonsangun's despotic rule provided a stark contrast to the liberal era of his father, and as a much-despised overthrown monarch, he did not receive a temple name.

Seongjong of Joseon
Seongjong (Korean: 성종; Hanja: 成宗; 28 August 1457 – 29 January 1495), personal name Yi Hyeol (이혈; 李娎), was the ninth monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. Before succeeding his sickly uncle, King Yejong, he was known as Grand Prince Jalsan (잘산대군; 乽山大君).
Marcus Junius Gracchanus
Marcus Junius Gracchanus (2nd–1st century BC) was a Roman legal historian who was a partisan of the Brothers Gracchi and their reforms. He was the founder of the Junii Gracchani, a branch of the prominent Junia family.

Junia gens
The gens Junia or Iunia was one of the most celebrated families of ancient Rome.  The gens may originally have been patrician, and was already prominent in the last days of the Roman monarchy.  Lucius Junius Brutus was the nephew of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the seventh and last king of Rome, and on the expulsion of Tarquin in 509 BC, he became one of the first consuls of the Roman Republic.

Over the next several centuries, the Junii produced a number of very eminent men, such as Gaius Junius Bubulcus Brutus, three times consul and twice dictator during the period of the Samnite Wars, as well as Marcus and Decimus Junius Brutus, among the leaders of the conspiracy against Caesar. Although the Junii Bruti disappeared at the end of the Republic, another family, the Junii Silani, remained prominent under the early Empire.
New Taipei Metro C610
The New Taipei Metro C610 is a medium-capacity train operating on New Taipei Metro's Circular line. A total of 17 4-car trains were manufactured by Hitachi Rail Italy (formerly AnsaldoBreda) in Reggio Calabria, then shipped to Hsinchu for final assembly at Taiwan Rolling Stock Company (TRSC). This is the second time Taiwan has purchased trains made in Italy after Taiwan Railways' EMU300 series, built by Socimi.

This was Taipei Metro's third medium-capacity train and New Taipei Metro's first, and officially entered service with the opening of the first phase of the Circular line on 31 January 2020.

Circular line (Taipei metropolitan area)
The Circular or Yellow line (code Y) (Chinese: 環狀線) is a medium-capacity rapid transit line on the Taipei Metro. The first section of this line is operated by New Taipei Metro Corporation and it runs between Dapinglin and New Taipei Industrial Park in the Taipei metropolitan area. It is approximately 15.4 km (9.6 mi) long with 14 stations. The initial western section was opened on 31 January 2020. Hitachi Rail Italy supplied 17 sets of 4-car driverless medium-capacity trains for the line. Extensions are currently underway to form a full loop.
Styles of Beyond
Styles of Beyond were an American underground hip hop group from the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles, California. The group consists of MCs Ryan Patrick Maginn (Ryu) and Takbir Bashir (Tak), Colton Raisin Fisher (DJ Cheapshot), and producer Jason Rabinowitz (Vin Skully). They have released two LPs, one mixtape and were heavily featured on Mike Shinoda's Fort Minor project in 2005. At one point they were also signed to Shinoda's Machine Shop Recordings label, although they left the label in late 2008. They are also heavily associated with the underground rap group Demigodz which features similar underground artists such as Apathy, Celph Titled, and 7L & Esoteric.

Fort Minor
Fort Minor was a hip hop side project by American musician Mike Shinoda, who is better known as the rhythm guitarist, keyboardist, producer, and rapper of the rock band Linkin Park. The project's only album, The Rising Tied, was released in 2005. The album's fourth single "Where'd You Go" reached No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Muhammad III of Alamut
ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad III (Persian: علاءالدین محمد; 1211–1255), more commonly known as ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn (Persian: علاءالدین), son of Jalāl al-Dīn Ḥasan III, was the 26th Nizāri Isma'ilism Imām. He ruled the Nizari Ismaili state from 1221 to 1255. By some accounts, he was considered a respected scholar and the spiritual and worldly leader of the Nisari Ismailis. The intellectual life of Persia has been described as having flourished during his 34-year reign. Allegedly, he was known for his tolerance and pluralism. His reign witnessed the beginnings of the Mongol conquests of Persia and the eastern Muslim world. He was assassinated by an unknown perpetrator on 1 December 1255, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Rukn al-Din Khurshah, in 1255.

Rukn al-Din Khurshah
Rukn al-Dīn al-Hasan ibn Muhammad Khurshāh (or Khwarshāh) (ركن الدین الحسن بن محمد خورشاه) (1230–1256) was the son of 'Alā' ad-Dīn Muḥammad III and the 27th Isma'ili Imam. He was also the fifth and final Nizari Isma'ili Imam who ruled at Alamut. The Imam was the eldest son of Imam ʿAla al-Din Muhammad and succeeded his murdered father to the Imamate in 1255. Imam Rukn al-Din engaged in a long series of negotiations with the invading Mongols, and under whose leadership Alamut Castle was surrendered to the Mongol Empire marking the end of the Nizari state in Persia.
Chaudhry Anwarul Haq
Chaudhry Anwar ul Haq (Urdu: چودهرى انوار الحق) is a Pakistani politician from Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). He served as the 15th Prime Minister of AJK between April 2023 and November 2025, succeeding Sardar Tanveer Ilyas.

He was a senior and founder member of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI) until September 7, 2023, when he was expelled from the party along with a group of political defectors.

Prime Minister of Azad Kashmir
The prime minister of Azad Kashmir (Urdu: وزِیرِ اعظم آزاد کشمیر, romanized: Wazīr ē Aʿẓam lit. 'Grand Vizier', Urdu pronunciation: [ʋəˈziːr-ˌeː ˈɑː.zəm]) is the chief executive of Azad Jammu and Kashmir region of Pakistan. The title of Prime Minister symbolizes the nominal independence of Azad Kashmir. The prime minister heads the Council of Ministers, who are appointed from amongst the members of the Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly. The premier too is elected by the AJK Legislative Assembly which is directly elected by the people.

The current prime minister is Faisal Mumtaz Rathore, a member of the Pakistan People's Party who took office on 17 November 2025 following the ousting of Chaudhry Anwarul Haq through a motion of no confidence.
Apryl Fool
Apryl Fool (エイプリル・フール) were a Japanese rock band formed in 1969. They released one album in September 1969 and disbanded a month later. Two members of Apryl Fool went on to form folk rock band Happy End.

Happy End (band)
Happy End (Japanese: はっぴいえんど, Hepburn: Happī Endo) was a Japanese folk rock band active from 1969 to 1972. Composed of Haruomi Hosono, Takashi Matsumoto, Eiichi Ohtaki and Shigeru Suzuki, the band's pioneering sound was regarded as avant-garde to most Japanese at the time. They are considered to be among the most influential artists in Japanese music, with Mikiki crediting them with laying the foundation for Japanese rock. MTV described Happy End's music as "rock with psych smudges around the edges."
Unua Libro
Dr. Esperanto's International Language (Russian: Международный язык), commonly referred to as Unua Libro (First Book), is an 1887 book by L. L. Zamenhof, in which he first introduced and described the constructed language Esperanto. First published in Russian on July 26 [O.S. July 14] 1887, the publication of Unua Libro marks the formal beginning of the Esperanto movement.

Writing under the pseudonym "Dr. Esperanto", Zamenhof originally referred to the language as the international language; the use of Esperanto did not arise until 1889 when people began to use his pseudonym as the name of the language itself. Zamenhof reproduced a significant portion of the content of Unua Libro in the 1905 Fundamento de Esperanto, which he established as the sole obligatory authority over Esperanto in the Declaration of Boulogne, ratified by the first World Esperanto Congress later that year.

Fundamento de Esperanto
Fundamento de Esperanto (English: Foundation of Esperanto) is a 1905 book by L. L. Zamenhof, in which the author explains the basic grammar rules and vocabulary that constitute the basis of the constructed language Esperanto. On August 9, 1905, it  was made the only obligatory authority over the language by the Declaration of Boulogne at the first World Esperanto Congress. Much of the content of the book is a reproduction of content from Zamenhof's earlier works, particularly Unua Libro.
Wayne Taylor
Wayne Taylor (born 15 July 1956) is a South African sports car racing driver and team owner. He won the 1996 and 2005 24 Hours of Daytona, and the 2005 Grand-Am Rolex Sports Car Series Daytona Prototype drivers' championship. He drove for SunTrust Racing with Max Angelelli. He co-drove in the 2006 International Race of Champions in the United States with Angelelli. Taylor now owns and manages his own team competing in the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship.

Max Angelelli
Massimiliano Angelelli (born 15 December 1966) is a retired Italian racecar driver. He won the 2005 and 2017 24 Hours of Daytona and the 2001 Six Hours at the Glen. He was also the Grand-Am Rolex Sports Car Series champion in 2005 and 2013, as well as runner-up in 2010 and 2011.

Angelelli was co-founder of Wayne Taylor Racing, where he drove until his retirement in 2017. In 2020, he left WTR and began working at sports prototype projects for Italian manufacturer Dallara.
Earl Black (political scientist)
Earl Black (born 1942) is a retired professor of Political Science at Rice University who specialized in studies of the politics of the Southern United States.

Earl Black earned a B.A. at the University of Texas at Austin in 1964 and a Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1968. He has studied the relationship between politics and race or ethnicity in the South.

He and his twin brother, Merle Black, who was a professor of political science at Emory University, have written several books on the politics of the South and the United States as a whole. Their last book together is Divided America: The Ferocious Power Struggle in American Politics (2008).

Merle Black
P. Merle Black (born 1942) is a retired American political scientist. He was formerly Asa Griggs Candler Professor of Political Science at Emory University. He specializes in Southern politics, particularly in the 20th and 21st centuries.
Kirsten Smith (writer)
Kirsten M. "Kiwi" Smith (born August 12, 1970) is an American screenwriter and novelist whose credits include Legally Blonde and Ella Enchanted. She has written most of her screenplays with her screenwriter partner Karen McCullah.

Karen McCullah
Karen McCullah (born December 5, 1967) is an American screenwriter and novelist most known for co-writing comedies such as 10 Things I Hate About You, Legally Blonde, Ella Enchanted, The House Bunny, The Ugly Truth and She's the Man with her screenwriting partner Kirsten Smith. After graduating from James Madison University with a degree in marketing, McCullah worked various jobs before beginning to write. She is a faculty member at Syracuse University's Los Angeles Semester.
William F. Aldrich
William Farrington Aldrich (March 11, 1853 – October 30, 1925) was an American businessman and politician who served three non-consecutive stints as a U.S. Representative from Alabama around the turn of the 20th century.

He was brother of Truman Heminway Aldrich and great-great-grandfather of William J. Edwards.

He was the last Republican that Alabama sent to congress until 1965, part of the Jim Crow era dominance of the south by the Democratic Party.

Jack Edwards (American politician)
William Jackson Edwards (September 20, 1928 – September 27, 2019) was an Alabama lawyer and politician who represented the 1st Congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1965 to 1985. A Republican, Edwards first won election to Congress in 1964, one of five Republicans elected to the House from Alabama amid Republican presidential nominee Barry Goldwater's sweep of the state in that year's presidential election.

During Ronald Reagan's presidency, Edwards became the vice chairman of the Republican leadership and was a member of the United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense. He oversaw the funding for the rebuilding efforts of Alabama's Dauphin Island Bridge in 1979.