hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transnistria conflict
The Transnistria conflict (Romanian: Conflictul din Transnistria; Russian: Приднестровский конфликт, romanized: Pridnestrovsky konflikt; Ukrainian: Придністровський конфлікт, romanized: Prydnistrovskyi konflikt) is an ongoing frozen conflict between Moldova and the unrecognized state of Transnistria. Its most active phase was the Transnistria War. There have been several unsuccessful attempts to resolve the conflict. The conflict may be considered to have started on 2 September 1990, when Transnistria made a formal sovereignty declaration from Moldova (then part of the Soviet Union).

Transnistria is internationally recognized as a part of Moldova. It has diplomatic recognition only from two Russian-backed separatist states: Abkhazia and South Ossetia.

Transnistrian War
The Transnistrian War (Romanian: Războiul din Transnistria; Russian: Война в Приднестровье, romanized: Voyna v Pridnestrovye) was an armed conflict that broke out on 2 November 1990 in Dubăsari between pro-Transnistria (Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, PMR) forces, including the Transnistrian Republican Guard, militia and neo-Cossack units, which were supported by elements of the Russian 14th Army, and pro-Moldovan forces, including Moldovan troops and police.

Fighting intensified on 1 March 1992 and, alternating with ad hoc ceasefires, lasted throughout the spring and early summer of 1992 until a ceasefire was declared on 21 July 1992, which has held. The conflict is sometimes known as the Moldovan–Russian war (Romanian: Războiul moldo-rus) in Moldova and Romania.
Homotopical connectivity
In  algebraic topology, homotopical connectivity is a property describing a topological space based on the dimension of its holes. In general, low homotopical connectivity indicates that the space has at least one low-dimensional hole. The concept of n-connectedness generalizes the concepts of path-connectedness and simple connectedness.

An equivalent definition of homotopical connectivity is based on the homotopy groups of the space. A space is n-connected  (or n-simple connected) if its first n homotopy groups are trivial.

Homotopical connectivity is defined for maps, too. A map is n-connected if it is an isomorphism "up to dimension n, in homotopy".

Connected space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, a connected space is a topological space that cannot be represented as the union of two or more disjoint non-empty open subsets. Connectedness is one of the principal topological properties that distinguish topological spaces.

A subset of a topological space  is a connected set if it is a connected space when viewed as a subspace of .

Some related but stronger conditions are path connected, simply connected, and -connected. Another related notion is locally connected, which neither implies nor follows from connectedness.
FXX (Canadian TV channel)
FXX is a Canadian English-language discretionary service channel owned by Rogers Sports & Media, a division of Rogers Communications, and the FX Networks subsidiary of Disney General Entertainment Content. based on the U.S. cable network of the same name, FXX is devoted primarily to scripted comedies for young adults.

It launched on April 1, 2014, in both standard definition and high definition.

FXX
FXX is an American basic cable channel owned by FX Networks, a subdivision of the Disney Entertainment business segment and division of The Walt Disney Company. It is the sister channel of FX and FXM, with its programming focusing on original and acquired comedy series and feature films for a primary demographic of men ages 16–34.

FXX launched on September 2, 2013, at 7:00 a.m. ET/6:00 a.m. CT, replacing Fox Soccer. The channel set a record for the longest continuous marathon in the history of television with a marathon featuring every episode of The Simpsons that had been released at the time and The Simpsons Movie over the course of twelve days. This record has since been broken by a 19-day marathon of Saturday Night Live by VH1 Classic (now MTV Classic).

As of November 2023, FXX is available to approximately 58,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2019 peak of 87,000,000 households.
David Lee Child
David Lee Child (July 8, 1794 – September 18, 1874) was an American journalist, entrepreneur, abolitionist, and social justice activist from Massachusetts. He was closely associated with his wife, Lydia Maria Child, a renowned author.

Lydia Maria Child
Lydia Maria Child (née Francis; February 11, 1802 – October 20, 1880) was an American abolitionist, feminist, Native American rights activist, novelist, journalist, and opponent of American expansionism. Her journals, both fiction and domestic manuals, reached wide audiences from the 1820s through the 1850s. At times she shocked her audience as she tried to take on issues of both male dominance and white supremacy in some of her stories.

Despite these challenges, Child may be most remembered for her poem "Over the River and Through the Wood". Her grandparents' house, which she wrote about visiting, was restored by Tufts University in 1976 and stands near the Mystic River on South Street, in Medford, Massachusetts.
1980 Upper Voltan coup d'état
The 1980 Upper Voltan coup d'état took place on 25 November 1980 in the Republic of Upper Volta (today Burkina Faso). Following a long period of drought, famine, popular unrest and labour strikes, Colonel Saye Zerbo overthrew President Sangoulé Lamizana, another military leader. Zerbo himself would be overthrown only two years later.

1982 Upper Voltan coup d'état
The 1982 Upper Voltan coup d'état took place in the Republic of Upper Volta (today Burkina Faso) on 7 November 1982. The coup, led by Colonel Gabriel Somé Yorian and a slew of other junior officers within the military, many of them political radicals, overthrew the regime of Colonel Saye Zerbo. Zerbo had previously taken power just under two years prior to his own downfall.
Pope Pius III
Pope Pius III (Italian: Pio III, Latin: Pius Tertius; 9 May 1439 – 18 October 1503), born Francesco Todeschini, then Francesco Todeschini-Piccolomini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 September 1503 to his death. At just twenty-six days, he had one of the shortest pontificates in papal history.

Francesco was the nephew of Pope Pius II, who granted him the use of the family name "Piccolomini", and appointed the twenty-one-year old Francesco as Archbishop of Siena. He served as papal legate in a number of places. In 1503, the now-frail Francesco, known as Cardinal Piccolomini, was elected pope as a compromise candidate between the Borgia and della Rovere factions. Although he announced plans for reforms, he died less than a month later.

Pope Pius II
Pope Pius II (Latin: Pius PP. II, Italian: Pio II), born Enea Silvio Bartolomeo Piccolomini (Latin: Aeneas Silvius Bartholomeus; 18 October 1405 – 14 August 1464), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 August 1458 to his death in 1464.

Aeneas Silvius was an author, diplomat, and orator, and private secretary of Antipope Felix V and then the Emperor Frederick III, and then Pope Eugenius IV. He participated in the Council of Basel, but left it in 1443 to follow Frederick, whom he reconciled to the Roman obedience. He became Bishop of Trieste in 1447, Bishop of Siena in 1450, and a cardinal in 1456.

He was a Renaissance humanist with an international reputation. Aeneas Silvius' longest and most enduring work is the story of his life, the Commentaries, which was the first autobiography of a pope to have been published. It appeared posthumously, in 1584, 120 years after his death.
Handley Page Jetstream
The Handley Page HP.137 Jetstream is a small twin-turboprop airliner, with a pressurised fuselage. The aircraft was designed to meet the requirements of the United States commuter and regional airline market. The design was later improved and built by British Aerospace as the BAe Jetstream 31 and BAe Jetstream 32, featuring different turboprop engines.

British Aerospace Jetstream
The British Aerospace Jetstream is a small twin turboprop airliner, with a pressurised fuselage, developed as the Jetstream 31 from the earlier Handley Page Jetstream.  A larger version of the Jetstream was also manufactured, the British Aerospace Jetstream 41.
Super-Kamiokande
36°25′32.6″N 137°18′37.1″E﻿ / ﻿36.425722°N 137.310306°E﻿ / 36.425722; 137.310306

Super-Kamiokande (Japanese: スーパーカミオカンデ, Hepburn: Sūpā Kamiogande; abbreviation of Super-Kamioka Neutrino Detection Experiment, also abbreviated to Super-K or SK) is a neutrino observatory located under Mount Ikeno near the city of Hida, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo with the help of an international team. It is located 1,000 m (3,300 ft) underground in the Mozumi Mine in Hida's Kamioka area. The observatory was designed to detect high-energy neutrinos, to search for proton decay, study solar and atmospheric neutrinos, and keep watch for supernovae in the Milky Way  galaxy.

Kamioka Observatory
The Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo (神岡宇宙素粒子研究施設, Kamioka Uchū Soryūshi Kenkyū Shisetsu; Japanese pronunciation: [kamioka ɯtɕɯː soɾʲɯꜜːɕi keŋkʲɯː ɕiꜜsetsɯ]) is a neutrino and gravitational waves laboratory located underground in the Mozumi mine of the Kamioka Mining and Smelting Co. near the Kamioka section of the city of Hida in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Multiple neutrino experiments have taken place at the observatory over two decades. The experiments have contributed to the advancement of particle physics, in particular to the study of neutrino astronomy and neutrino oscillation.
Filoviridae
Filoviridae (/ˌfaɪloʊˈvɪrɪdiː/) is a family of single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses in the order Mononegavirales. Two members of the family that are commonly known are Ebola virus and Marburg virus. Both viruses, and some of their lesser known relatives, cause severe disease in humans and nonhuman primates in the form of viral hemorrhagic fevers.

All filoviruses are classified by the US as select agents, by the World Health Organization as Risk Group 4 Pathogens (requiring Biosafety Level 4-equivalent containment), by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases as Category A Priority Pathogens, and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as Category A Bioterrorism Agents, and are listed as Biological Agents for Export Control by the Australia Group.

Mononegavirales
Mononegavirales is an order of negative-strand RNA viruses which have nonsegmented genomes. Some members that cause human disease in this order include Ebola virus, human respiratory syncytial virus, measles virus, mumps virus, Nipah virus, and rabies virus. Important pathogens of nonhuman animals and plants are also in the group. The order includes eleven virus families: Artoviridae, Bornaviridae, Filoviridae, Lispiviridae, Mymonaviridae, Nyamiviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Pneumoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Sunviridae, and Xinmoviridae.
Girl with a Pearl Earring (novel)
Girl with a Pearl Earring is a 1999 historical novel written by Tracy Chevalier.  Set in 17th-century Delft, Holland, the novel was inspired by local painter  Johannes Vermeer's Girl with a Pearl Earring.  Chevalier presents a fictional account of Vermeer, the model and the painting.  The novel was adapted into a 2003 film of the same name and a 2008 play. In May 2020, BBC Radio 4 broadcast a new dramatisation of the novel.

Girl with a Pearl Earring (play)
Girl with a Pearl Earring is a 2008 play.  Adapted by David Joss Buckley from the 1999 novel of the same title by Tracy Chevalier, it premiered at the Cambridge Arts Theatre.  It then received its London premiere at the Theatre Royal Haymarket on 29 September 2008, directed by Joe Dowling and designed by Peter Mumford.  Its London run had been scheduled to end on 1 November, but after largely poor reviews and in a poor financial climate it closed early on 18 October.
Area codes 860 and 959
Area codes 860 and 959 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan for the U.S. state of Connecticut. They are arranged in an overlay complex for a numbering plan area (NPA) that comprises most of the state, except its southwest, which uses area codes 203 and 475.

Area codes 203 and 475
41°21′N 72°54′W﻿ / ﻿41.35°N 72.90°W﻿ / 41.35; -72.90

Area codes 203 and 475 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Connecticut. The numbering plan area (NPA) is mostly coextensive with the Connecticut portion of the New York metropolitan area, and comprises most of Fairfield County, all of New Haven County, and a small portion of Litchfield County.
Hottah terrane
The Hottah terrane is a Paleoproterozoic terrane in the northwestern end of the Canadian Shield which is exposed near Hottah Lake, Northwest Territories.  It is a belt of multi-deformed metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks intruded by a series of diorite to granite plutons.
Forming the western part of the Wopmay orogenic system, the 1.9 Ga (billion years ago) Hottah terrane is separated from the Archean rocks of the orogen by the north-trending Wopmay fault zone and overprinted by the 1.875–1.85 Ga Great Bear magmatism.

Great Bear magmatic zone
The Great Bear magmatic zone (GBMZ) is a Paleoproterozoic (1.875–1.86 Ga) multi-collisional orogenic belt of which 100 km × 400 km (62 mi × 249 mi) is exposed in the northwestern Canadian Shield east of Great Bear Lake, Northwest Territories.

Covering 40,000 km2 (15,000 sq mi), the GBMZ forms part of the Wopmay orogen together with the Coronation Margin and Hottah terrane and overlies these two tectonic elements. The GBMZ, in turn, is covered by Paleozoic and Proterozoic sediments and, as indicated by a long aeromagnetic line, the sub-aerial part of the GMBZ is probably 800 km (500 mi) long.  Volcanics of the GBMZ range from basalt to rhyolite and geologic studies show it is part of an early Proterozoic continental volcanic arc.
2025 Indian Premier League final
The 2025 Indian Premier League final was a Twenty20 (T20) cricket match played at the Narendra Modi Stadium, Ahmedabad, on 3 June 2025 to determine the winner of the 2025 Indian Premier League. It was originally scheduled to be played at Eden Gardens, Kolkata, on 25 May 2025 before being rescheduled.

After winning the toss, Punjab Kings elected to field. Royal Challengers Bengaluru (RCB) came in to bat, and scored 190/9 in 20 overs. Punjab Kings were restricted to 184/7 in their 20 overs; thus, RCB won the match by 6 runs and won their maiden Indian Premier League (IPL) trophy after 18 years.

2025 Indian Premier League
The 2025 Indian Premier League, also known as IPL 18 and branded as TATA IPL 2025, was the 18th edition of the Indian Premier League, a professional Twenty20 cricket league. The tournament featured 10 teams competing in 74 matches. It began on 22 March and was held across 13 venues before being suspended on 9 May due to the 2025 India–Pakistan crisis. The matches resumed from 17 May across six venues, with the final rescheduled from 25 May to 3 June.

The defending champions Kolkata Knight Riders were eliminated in the league stage. In the final, Royal Challengers Bengaluru defeated Punjab Kings by 6 runs to win their maiden title after 18 years. Sai Sudharsan and Prasidh Krishna of Gujarat Titans scored the most runs (759) and took the most wickets (25) respectively. Suryakumar Yadav of Mumbai Indians was awarded as the most valuable player of the tournament.
Danny Barker
Daniel Moses Barker (January 13, 1909 – March 13, 1994) was an American jazz musician, vocalist, and author from New Orleans. He was a rhythm guitarist for Cab Calloway, Lucky Millinder and Benny Carter during the 1930s.

One of Barker's earliest teachers in New Orleans was fellow banjoist Emanuel Sayles, with whom he recorded. Throughout his career, he played with Jelly Roll Morton, Baby Dodds, James P. Johnson, Sidney Bechet, Mezz Mezzrow, and Red Allen. He also toured and recorded with his wife, singer Blue Lu Barker. From the 1960s, Barker's work with the Fairview Baptist Church Brass Band was pivotal in ensuring the longevity of jazz in New Orleans, producing generations of new talent, including Wynton and Branford Marsalis who played in the band as youths.

Wynton Marsalis
Wynton Learson Marsalis (born October 18, 1961) is an American trumpeter, composer, and music instructor, who is currently the artistic director of Jazz at Lincoln Center. He has been active in promoting classical and jazz music, often to young audiences. Marsalis has won nine Grammy Awards, and his 1997 oratorio Blood on the Fields was the first jazz composition to win the Pulitzer Prize for Music. Marsalis is the only musician to have won a Grammy Award in both jazz and classical categories in the same year.
Ruth Kempe
Ruth Kempe (October 11, 1921 – July 24, 2009) was an American pediatrician and child psychiatrist. She spent most of her career doing clinical research on child abuse and co-founded The Kempe Center in 1972.

C. Henry Kempe
C. Henry Kempe (birth name Karl Heinz Kempe; April 6, 1922 in Breslau, Germany (now Wrocław, Poland) – March 3, 1984 in Hanauma Bay, Hawaii) was an American pediatrician and the first in the medical community to identify and recognize child abuse.

In 1962, Kempe and his colleagues, including Brandt F. Steele and Henry Silver, published the paper "The Battered-Child Syndrome", which led to the identification and recognition by the medical community of child abuse.

Kempe received two nominations for the Nobel Prize: the first nomination was for his work in developing a safer smallpox vaccine; the second was recognition for his contribution to the prevention and treatment of child abuse. Due to the efforts of Kempe, abuse reporting laws exist in all 50 U.S. states. His efforts also led to the passage of the 1972 Colorado law requiring legal counsel for the child in all cases of suspected abuse.
2006 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC fourth round
The AFC fourth round of 2006 FIFA World Cup qualification was held on 8 and 12 October 2005 between the two teams that finished third in the third round.

The winning team advanced to a play-off against the fourth-placed team of the CONCACAF qualifying group, Trinidad and Tobago. The winner of this playoff qualified for the 2006 World Cup finals.

The first leg was originally played on 3 September 2005 but the match was ordered to be replayed by FIFA after a refereeing mistake. With Uzbekistan leading the tie 1–0, a penalty was awarded to them but the referee disallowed the resulting goal and offered an indirect free kick to Bahrain for encroachment. Uzbekistan had formally requested for the match to be recorded as an automatic 3–0 victory.

2006 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF–AFC play-off)
The 2006 FIFA World Cup CONCACAF–AFC qualification playoff was a home-and-away playoff between the following teams:

The fourth-place team in the CONCACAF qualifying tournament, Trinidad and Tobago.

The fifth-place team of the AFC qualifying tournament, Bahrain.

The draw for determining the order of the home-and-away legs was made at a FIFA congress on 10 September 2005.

Trinidad and Tobago was awarded a place in 2006 FIFA World Cup after winning the playoff 2–1 on aggregate.
Alive (2020 film)
#Alive (Korean: #살아있다; RR: #saraitda) is a 2020 South Korean post-apocalyptic action horror film directed by Cho Il-hyung. Starring Yoo Ah-in and Park Shin-hye, it is based on the 2019 script Alone by Matt Naylor (itself becoming another film), who co-adapted his script with Cho. The film revolves around a video game live streamer's struggle for survival as he is forced to stay alone in his apartment in Seoul during a zombie apocalypse. It was released in South Korea on June 24, 2020, and globally via Netflix on September 8, 2020. Critics generally gave positive reviews.

Alone (2020 horror film)
Alone (released in the UK as Final Days) is a 2020 American horror film directed by Johnny Martin and starring Tyler Posey and Donald Sutherland. The film follows a young man who barricades himself inside his apartment during a zombie apocalypse. The film was released on October 16, 2020.
SS Pendleton
SS Pendleton was a Type T2-SE-A1 tanker built in 1942 in Portland, Oregon, United States, for the War Shipping Administration. She was sold in 1948 to National Bulk Carriers, serving until February 1952 when she broke in two in a storm. The T2 tanker ships were prone to splitting in two in cold weather. The ship's sinking and crew rescue (along with the break-up and rescue of its sister ship) is the topic of the 2009 book The Finest Hours: The True Story Behind the US Coast Guard's Most Daring Rescue by Michael J. Tougias and Casey Sherman. The book inspired the 2016 Disney-produced film The Finest Hours with Chris Pine, which focuses on the Pendleton rescue.

SS Fort Mercer
SS Fort Mercer was a Type T2-SE-A1 tanker built by Sun Shipbuilding & Drydock Co., at Chester, Pennsylvania in October 1945. SS Fort Mercer (hull number 534) was built under a Maritime Commission contract and launched on 2 October 1945. With World War II ending on 15 August 1945, Fort Mercer did not serve in the war. Fort Mercer was owned and operated by the Trinidad Corporation of New York.
Leonidas I
Leonidas I (/liəˈnaɪdəs, -dæs/; Ancient Greek: Λεωνίδας, Leōnídas; born c. 540 BC; died 11 August 480 BC) was king of the Ancient Greek city-state of Sparta. He was the son of king Anaxandridas II and the 17th king of the Agiad dynasty, a Spartan royal house which claimed descent from Heracles. Leonidas I ascended to the throne in c. 489 BC, succeeding his half-brother king Cleomenes I. He ruled jointly along with king Leotychidas II until his death in 480 BC, when he was succeeded by his son, Pleistarchus.

At the Second Greco-Persian War, Leonidas led the allied Greek forces in a last stand at the Battle of Thermopylae (480 BC), attempting to defend the pass from the invading Persian army, and was killed early during the third and last day of the battle. Leonidas entered myth as a hero and the leader of the 300 Spartans who died in battle at Thermopylae. While the Greeks lost this battle, they were able to expel the Persian invaders in the following year.

Cleomenes I
Cleomenes I (/kliːˈɒmɪniːz/; Greek Κλεομένης; died c. 490 BC) was Agiad King of Sparta from c. 524 to c. 490 BC. One of the most important Spartan kings, Cleomenes was instrumental in organising the Greek resistance against the Persian Empire of Darius, as well as shaping the geopolitical balance of Classical Greece.
Anti-Monopoly
Anti-Monopoly is a board game made by San Francisco State University Professor Ralph Anspach in response to Monopoly. The idea of an anti-monopoly board game dates to 1903 when Lizzie Magie created The Landlord's Game, which later inspired Monopoly.

The Landlord's Game
The Landlord's Game is a board game patented in 1904 by Elizabeth Magie as U.S. patent 748,626. A realty and taxation game intended to educate users about Georgism, it is the inspiration for the 1935 board game Monopoly.