hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tate vector space
In mathematics, a Tate vector space is a vector space obtained from finite-dimensional vector spaces in a way that makes it possible to extend concepts such as dimension and determinant to an infinite-dimensional situation. Tate spaces were introduced by Alexander Beilinson, Boris Feigin, and Barry Mazur (1991), who named them after John Tate.

Barry Mazur
Barry Charles Mazur (/ˈmeɪzər/; born December 19, 1937) is an American mathematician and the Gerhard Gade University Professor at Harvard University. His contributions to mathematics include his contributions to Wiles's proof of Fermat's Last Theorem in number theory, Mazur's torsion theorem in arithmetic geometry, the Mazur swindle in geometric topology, and the Mazur manifold in differential topology.
Cain and Abel (comics)
Cain and Abel are a pair of characters from DC Comics based on the biblical Cain and Abel. They are key figures in DC's "Mystery" line of the late 1960s and 1970s, which became the mature-readers imprint Vertigo in 1993.

Cain and Abel are based on the biblical Cain and Abel, but are altogether different characters from their Biblical counterparts. Cain and Abel are one of many key figures in DC's "Mystery" line-up referred to as horror hosts of the late 1960s and 1970s, which later became a part of the mature-readers imprint Vertigo. They were  depicted as brothers and they are also sons of DC Comics' Eve (another DC horror host based on the Biblical figure Eve). In 1993, host characters like  Cain, Abel, Eve and Lucien were retconned as a part of the Dreaming in the critically acclaimed Sandman comic books. The character Cain is also commonly associated with his pet gargoyle Gregory.

Dream (character)
Dream of the Endless is a fictional character, an anthropomorphic personification who first appeared in the first issue of The Sandman, written by Neil Gaiman and published by DC Comics. One of the seven Endless, who are inconceivably powerful beings older and greater than gods, Dream is both lord and personification of all dreams and stories, and all that is not in reality (which, in turn, Dream may define by his existence). He has taken many names, including Morpheus, Oneiros, Kai'ckul, and the Sandman, and his appearance can change depending on the person who is seeing him. Dream was named the sixth-greatest comic book character by Empire. He was also named fifteenth in IGN's 100 Top Comic Book Heroes list.

After the events of The Sandman: The Kindly Ones that led to Dream's death at the hands of the Furies, Daniel Hall becomes the new Dream.
Feelings (David Byrne album)
Feelings is the fifth studio album by David Byrne, released on June 17, 1997. The album is noted for Byrne's collaboration with the British band Morcheeba.

The album's cover art was made by Stefan Sagmeister. The initial 50,000 copies of Feelings featured die-cut packaging.

Morcheeba
Morcheeba are an English electronic band formed in the mid-1990s with founding members brothers Paul and Ross Godfrey who later recruited vocalist Skye Edwards. They mix influences from trip hop, rock, folk rock and downtempo, and have produced ten regular studio albums since 1995, two of which reached the UK top ten. Edwards left the band in 2003, after which the brothers used a number of guest singers before she rejoined in 2010. They recruit additional members for their live performances and have toured internationally. Paul Godfrey distanced himself from the band in 2014. Edwards and Ross Godfrey later formed Skye & Ross and released a self-titled album in September 2016.  Their latest studio album without Paul as Morcheeba, Escape the Chaos, was released in 2025.
Casebook
A casebook is a type of textbook used primarily by students in law schools. Rather than simply laying out the legal doctrine in a particular area of study, a casebook contains excerpts from legal cases in which the law of that area was applied. It is then up to the student to analyze the language of the case in order to determine what rule was applied and how the court applied it.  Casebooks sometimes also contain excerpts from law review articles and legal treatises,  historical notes, editorial commentary, and other related materials to provide background for the cases.

The teaching style based on casebooks is known as the casebook method and is supposed to instill in law students how to "think like a lawyer." The casebook method is most often used in law schools in countries with common law legal systems, where case law is a major source of law.

Textbook
A textbook is a book containing a comprehensive compilation of content in a branch of study serving to explain the subject. Textbooks are produced to meet the needs of educators, usually at educational institutions, as well as learners (who could be independent learners outside of formal education). Schoolbooks are textbooks and other books used in schools. Today, many textbooks are published in both print and digital formats.
Uttarā
Uttarā (Sanskrit: उत्तरा, romanized: Uttarā) is a character in the ancient Hindu epic Mahabharata. She was the princess of Matsya, and the daughter of King Virata and Queen Sudeshna, at whose court the Pandavas—the central figures of the epic—spent a year in concealment during their exile. During this period, she learned music and dance from Arjuna, the third Pandava, and later married his son, Abhimanyu. Uttarā was widowed at a young age during the Kurukshetra War. Following the Pandavas' victory in the war, she and her unborn son were attacked by Ashwatthama, and were saved by the divine intervention of Krishna. Her son Parikshit saved the Kuru lineage from extinction, and became a well-known monarch celebrated in both the Mahabharata and the Bhagavata Purana.

Sudeshna
In the Hindu epic Mahabharata, Sudeshna  was the wife of King Virata, at whose court the Pandavas spent a year in concealment during their exile. She was the mother of Uttar, Uttara and Shankha.

Sudeshna was the daughter of Queen Malavi and a lord of the Kekayas.
Madhabi Puri Buch
Madhabi Puri Buch (born 12 January 1965) is an Indian business executive who is the former chairperson of the securities regulatory body in India, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), for 3 years. She was the first woman to lead SEBI, and the first person from the private sector to be appointed to this position.

From April 2017 to March 2022, she functioned as a whole time member of SEBI, and was responsible for important regulatory orders. Buch has been credited with bringing rapid changes that improved the system as well as improved the efficiency of the regulatory body.

In August 2024, Hindenburg Research, a short-selling activist firm, accused her and her husband of having a stake in dubious offshore entities used to artificially inflate shares of companies owned by the Adani Group. They denied the claims. The anti-corruption ombudsman, Lokpal, dismissed the complaint and gave a clean chit to Buch, citing a lack of credible evidence.

Securities and Exchange Board of India
The  Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulatory body for securities and commodity market in India under the administrative domain of Ministry of Finance within the Government of India. It was established on 12 April 1988 as an executive body and was given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992.
Vorderkaiserfelden Hut
The Vorderkaiserfelden Hut (German: Vorderkaiserfeldenhütte) is an alpine hut in the Kufstein district, Austria. It is located at 1,384 metres (4,541 ft) on the southwest slope of the Zahmer Kaiser below the Naunspitze and high above the Kaisertal valley in the Kaisergebirge mountain range. It has a good view over the Inn valley and Kufstein and across to the Mangfall Mountains and the Wilder Kaiser.

Naunspitze
The Naunspitze is a 1,633-metre (5,358 ft) peak in the Zahmer Kaiser, the northern ridge of the Kaiser Mountains in Tyrol, Austria. Viewed from the west, it is the first independent summit on the main crest. To the south it falls sharply away and, to the north, ends abruptly in a steep rock face that towers over the Inn valley near Ebbs. The next peak along the main ridge to the east is the Petersköpfl (1745m), which is separated from the Naunspitze by a small wind gap.
Jan Soukup
Jan Soukup (born September 17, 1979) is a Czech karateka, the branch chief for  International Karate Organization World Kyokushin Kaikan in Czech Republic, the president of the Czech Karate Kyokushinkai Association and the vice president of the Czech Fullcontact Karate Organization, and also a retired  kickboxer who competed in the heavyweight division. Soukup's first noteworthy accomplishment was a third-place finish at the European Kyokushin Championships in 2003 and he followed this by winning the All-Japan Kyokushin Championships the next year. After finishing as runner-up in the European Championships and in third place in the European Open in 2005, Soukup had his most successful year in 2007 when he won the European Championships and lost to Ewerton Teixeira in the final of the 9th Kyokushin World Open. Beginning in 2008, he embarked on a career in kickboxing which included a stint in K-1.

Ewerton Teixeira
Ewerton Teixeira (born February 13, 1982) is a Brazilian professional kickboxer, mixed martial artist, and Kyokushin Kaikan karateka. Teixeira obtained his first K-1 title in 2008 at K-1 World Grand Prix 2008 in Fukuoka by beating Keijiro Maeda in the final. He is training K-1 at the Ichigeki Academy Kyokushin Kaikan in Tokyo, Japan. Despite the short career for a kickboxer, Teixeira has notable wins against K-1 legends: Jerome Le Banner, Errol Zimmerman and Musashi.
Sweet Grass, Montana
Sweet Grass is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Toole County, Montana, United States, on the Canada–US border. It is the northern terminus of Interstate 15, an important route connecting western Canada, the western United States, and Mexico. The population was 65 according to the 2020 census.

In 2004, a joint border facility opened at the Sweetgrass port of entry and Coutts, Alberta, housing both Canadian and American federal authorities.

Fire service is provided through the volunteer fire department in Coutts.

It is 34mi to Shelby,108mi to Havre and 174 to Missoula.

Coutts, Alberta
Coutts (/ˈkuːts/ KOOTS) is a village in southern Alberta, Canada that is a port of entry into the U.S. state of Montana. It is one of the busiest ports of entry on the Canada–United States border in western Canada. It connects Highway 4 to Interstate 15, an important trade route (CANAMEX Corridor) between Alberta, American states along I-15, and Mexico. It is 99km to Lethbridge and 146km to Medicine Hat.

The community has the name of William Burdett-Coutts, a railroad official.

In 2004, a joint border facility opened in Coutts–Sweet Grass, Montana, housing both Canadian and American federal authorities.
Mushegh I Mamikonian
Mushegh I Mamikonian (also spelled Mushel; d. 377/8) was an Armenian military officer from the Mamikonian family who occupied the hereditary office of sparapet (generalissimo) of the Kingdom of Armenia under the Arsacid kings Pap (r. 370–374) and Varazdat (r. 374–378). He took part in the Armenian resistance against the forces of the Sasanian monarch Shapur II (r. 309–379), notably taking part in the Battle of Bagavan, where the Iranian forces were defeated. He was the regent of Armenia under the young and inexperienced Varazdat, who eventually suspected him of posing a danger to his rule, and thus had him executed, in 377/8.

Mushegh may be identical with the Artabanes mentioned in the works of the contemporary Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus.

Mamikonian
Mamikonian or Mamikonean (Old Armenian: Մամիկոնեան) was an Armenian aristocratic dynasty which dominated Armenia between the 4th and 8th centuries—through the late antique kingdom, Sasanian, Byzantine, and Arab dominations. They were the most notable noble house in early Christian Armenia after the ruling Arsacids and held the hereditary positions of sparapet (supreme commander of the army) and dayeak (royal tutor), allowing them to play the role of kingmaker for the later Armenian kings. They ruled over extensive territories, including the Armenian regions of Tayk, Taron, Sasun, and Bagrevand, among others. The Mamikonians had a reputation as supporters of the Roman (and later Byzantine) empire in Armenia against Sasanian Iran, although they also served as viceroys under Persian rule. Their influence over Armenian affairs began to decline at the end of the 6th century and suffered a final, decisive blow after a failed rebellion against Arab rule over Armenia in 774/75.
Henry Wills Rischbieth
Henry Wills Rischbieth (26 January 1870 – 27 March 1925) was a prominent Australian grazier and wool merchant, described as "one of Western Australia's best known and enterprising businessmen."

Rischbieth was the husband of Bessie Rischbieth, a South Australian feminist, social activist, and campaigner for women's rights.

Bessie Rischbieth
Bessie Mabel Rischbieth, OBE JP  (née Earle; 16 October 1874 – 13 March 1967) was an influential and early Australian feminist and social activist. A leading or founding member of many social reform groups, such as the Women's Service Guilds, The Australian Federation of Women Voters and their periodical The Dawn, she sought to establish international campaigns for social change and human rights. She is remembered for a symbolic protest against the reclamation of Mounts Bay in 1959 when she entered the river at the age of 85 and prevented the bulldozers from commencing their work.
Anatoly Ivanishin
Anatoli Alekseyevich Ivanishin (Russian: Анатолий Алексеевич Иванишин; born 15 January 1969) is a former Russian cosmonaut. His first visit to space was to the International Space Station on board the Soyuz TMA-22 spacecraft as an Expedition 29/Expedition 30 crew member, launching in November 2011 and returning in April 2012. Ivanishin was the commander of the International Space Station for Expedition 49.

Expedition 30
Expedition 30 was the 30th long-duration mission to the International Space Station (ISS). The expedition's first three crew members – Dan Burbank, Anton Shkaplerov and Anatoli Ivanishin – arrived on the ISS aboard Soyuz TMA-22 on 16 November 2011, during the last phase of Expedition 29. Expedition 30 formally began on 21 November 2011, with the departure from the ISS of the Soyuz TMA-02M spacecraft. The expedition ended on 27 April 2012, as Burbank, Shkaplerov and Ivanishin departed from the ISS aboard Soyuz TMA-22, marking the beginning of Expedition 31.
Larry Van Kriedt
Larry Van Kriedt (born July 4, 1954) is an American-Australian jazz musician. He is best known for being the original bassist for the rock band AC/DC around November 1973, joining Malcolm Young (rhythm guitar), Angus Young (lead guitar), Dave Evans (lead vocals) and Colin Burgess (drums). He was replaced in February 1974. Van Kriedt also plays saxophone and guitar, and sings.

Colin Burgess (musician)
Colin John Burgess (16 November 1946 – 16 December 2023) was an Australian rock musician who was the drummer in the Masters Apprentices from 1968 to 1972. He was later the original drummer with hard rock band AC/DC from November 1973 to February 1974. The Masters Apprentices had top 20 singles chart success with "5:10 Man", "Think about Tomorrow Today", "Turn Up Your Radio" and "Because I Love You".

In 1998, the Masters Apprentices, with Burgess, were inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame. He performed in various bands with his brother, Denny Burgess, on bass guitar and vocals, including His Majesty.
Maurice Spata
Muriki or Maurice Shpata (Albanian: Muriq Shpata; fl. 1399–1414) was the ruler of Arta from late 1399/early 1400 until his death in 1414 or 1415. Muriq’s reign was dominated by his wars with Carlo I Tocco. Muriq was able to defend his capital of Arta, but despite some victories failed to prevent the fall of Ioannina to Tocco. As a result, his brother Yaqub Shpata who succeeded him was defeated in October 1416, ending the Despotate of Arta.

Despotate of Arta
The Despotate of Arta (Albanian: Despotati i Artës; Greek: Δεσποτάτο της Άρτας) was a despotate established by Albanian rulers during the 14th century, after the defeat of the local Despot of Epirus, Nikephoros II Orsini, by Albanian tribesmen in the Battle of Achelous in 1359. The Despotate ceased to exist in 1416, when it passed to Carlo I Tocco.
Quentin Davies
John Quentin Davies, Baron Davies of Stamford (29 May 1944 – 13 January 2025) was a British Labour politician and life peer who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Grantham and Stamford from 1987 to 2010. He served as a junior defence minister in the Brown ministry from 2008 to 2010.

A Conservative until his high-profile defection in 2007, Davies was a member of Iain Duncan Smith's Shadow Cabinet from 2001 to 2003 as the Shadow Northern Ireland Secretary.

Grantham and Stamford
Grantham and Stamford was a constituency in Lincolnshire represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 1997 to 2024.

Under the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the constituency was abolished for the 2024 general election, with the majority of the electorate being included in the new seat of Grantham and Bourne. Stamford was included in the re-established Rutland and Stamford constituency.
Scilly naval disaster of 1707
The Scilly naval disaster of 1707 was the loss of four warships of a Royal Navy fleet off the Isles of Scilly near the British mainland when they struck rocks on 22 October 1707. Between 1,400 and 2,000 sailors lost their lives aboard the wrecked vessels, making the incident one of the worst maritime disasters in British naval history. The disaster has been attributed to a combination of factors, including navigators' inability to accurately calculate their positions, errors in the available charts and pilot books, and inadequate compasses.

HMS Eagle (1679)
HMS Eagle was a 70-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy built at Portsmouth Dockyard from 1677 to 1679. When completed she was placed in ordinary for a decade. Eagle was in active commission during the Nine Years' War, partaking in the action at Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699 at Chatham. Eagle again played an active role in the early part of the War of Spanish Succession, participating in the capture of Gibraltar and the Battle of Velez-Malaga. Eagle was wrecked off the Isles of Scilly in October 1707.

She was the seventh vessel to bear the name Eagle since it was used for a careening hulk, an ex-merchantman, purchased in 1592, and sold at Chatham in 1683. Eagle was awarded the Battle Honour Barfleur 1692, Gibraltar 1704, and Velez-Malaga 1704.
Zila Khan
Zila Khan is an Indian Sufi & Bhakti music, Hindustani classical music singer and a Theatre and Film actress.

She sings Sufi, Bhakti, classical and semi-classical musical forms and is Ustad Vilayat Khan’s daughter. Her Gharana is called Imdadkhani gharana. 
Zila and her forefathers have five generations of recordings from the time recorded music started in the world. 
She has acted in Bajirao Mastani a film by Sanjay Leela Bhansali and also actively acts in theatrical plays like Gauhar. She is a playback singer for Bollywood films and advertisements. Zila stands for 'Freedom in Education and Gender Equality'. She is also a composer and a music director. Zila also produced and directed a documentary called 'Spirit To Soul' on her father Ustad Vilayat Khan. In her singing, she uses the poetry of Ghalib, Bulleh Shah, Baba Farid and Kabir, among others.

Vilayat Khan
Vilayat Khan (28 August 1928 – 13 March 2004) was an Indian classical sitar player, considered by many to be the greatest sitarist of his age.  Along with Imdad Khan, Enayat Khan, and Imrat Khan, he is credited with the creation and development of gayaki ang (a technique that emulates the vocal melisma of Hindustani classical music) on the sitar.

He recorded his first 78-RPM disc at the age of 8 and gave his last concert in 2004 at the age of 75. He has composed the music for several films, including Jalsaghar (1958), The Guru (1969), and Kadambari (1976).
Obninsk Meteorological tower
55°06′42″N 36°35′54″E﻿ / ﻿55.11167°N 36.59833°E﻿ / 55.11167; 36.59833

Obninsk Meteorological Tower is a 310 meter tall silver-grey guyed steel tube mast at Obninsk, Russia. Obninsk Meteorological Tower was built in 1958 and is equipped with multiple platforms on different heights, on which devices for measuring radioactivity and for meteorological science are installed.

Obninsk Meteorological Tower is the official landmark of the Russian science town Obninsk.

Obninsk
Obninsk (Russian: О́бнинск) is a city in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Protva River 100 kilometers (62 mi) southwest of Moscow and 80 kilometers (50 mi) northeast of Kaluga. Its population is 125,376 at the 2021 census.
Heer Raanjha
Heer Raanjha is a 1970 Indian Hindi-language romantic musical film directed by Chetan Anand and produced by his son Ketan Anand. The film stars Raaj Kumar, Priya Rajvansh, Pran, Prithviraj Kapoor, Ajit, Jayant, Sonia Sahni, Kamini Kaushal, Indrani Mukherjee, Achla Sachdev and Tun Tun. The film's music is by Madan Mohan. The film is based on the legend of Heer Ranjha, the epic poem Heer by Punjabi poet, Waris Shah, written in 1766. As with Waris Shah's classical retelling of the tragic romance of Heer Ranjha, the entire film and its dialogue is in verse, with Urdu poet Kaifi Azmi writing the verse dialogue.

The film's songs and music are notable as is the photography by Jal Mistry, who shot most of Chetan Anand's films and won the Filmfare Award for the film. The film also showcases some of the best dialogues from the legendary actor Raaj Kumar. It was a box-office hit.

Raaj Kumar
Raaj Kumar (born Kulbhushan Pandit; 8 October 1926 – 3 July 1996) was an Indian actor who worked in Hindi films. In a career that spanned over four decades, he went on to star in 70 films and is regarded as one of the most successful actors of Indian cinema.
Pembroke and Haverfordwest
Pembroke and Haverfordwest was a parliamentary constituency centred on the towns of Pembroke and Haverfordwest in West Wales.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.

Pembroke (UK Parliament constituency)
Pembroke (or Pembroke Boroughs) was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Pembroke in West Wales.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of England until 1707, Great Britain until 1800 and from 1801 the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.
East Greenbush, New York
East Greenbush is a town in Rensselaer County, New York, United States. It is a suburb of Albany. The population was 16,748 at the 2020 census. The word Greenbush is derived from the Dutch het groen bosch, referring to the pine woods that originally covered the land. The first settlement of the land now known as East Greenbush was made by tenants under patroon Kiliaen van Rensselaer circa 1630. The town was established in 1855 as Clinton, and was renamed in 1858. It is mostly suburban along its major highways and rural in the southwestern and northeastern corners.

I-90 traverses the town. It contains the western (or southern) terminus of US 4 and the northern terminus of NY 9J; as well as US 9 and US 20. The latter 
run concurrently, under the name Columbia Turnpike, which is often referred to by the locals as "9 and 20."

Rensselaer County, New York
Rensselaer County /rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 161,130, it's highest decennial count ever. Its county seat is Troy. The county is named in honor of the family of Kiliaen van Rensselaer, the original Dutch owner of the land in the area. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.

Rensselaer County is part of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area.