hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument
The Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument (GSENM) is a United States national monument protecting the Grand Staircase, the Kaiparowits Plateau, and the Canyons of the Escalante (Escalante River) in southern Utah. It was established in 1996 by President Bill Clinton under the authority of the Antiquities Act with 1.7 million acres of land, later expanded to 1,880,461 acres (7,610 km2). In 2017, the monument's size was reduced by half in a succeeding presidential proclamation, and it was restored in 2021. The land is among the most remote in the country; it was the last to be mapped in the contiguous United States.

The monument is administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) as part of the National Conservation Lands system. Grand Staircase–Escalante is the first and largest national monument managed by the BLM. Visitor centers are located in Cannonville, Big Water, Escalante, and Kanab.

Canyons of the Escalante
37°25′41″N 110°58′52″W﻿ / ﻿37.428°N 110.981°W﻿ / 37.428; -110.981

The Canyons of the Escalante is a collective name for the erosional landforms created by the Escalante River and its tributaries—the Escalante River Basin.  Located in southern Utah in the western United States, these sandstone features include high vertical canyon walls, numerous slot canyons, waterpockets (sandstone depressions containing temporary rainwater deposits), domes, hoodoos, natural arches and bridges.  This area—extending over 1,500 square miles (3,885 km2) and rising in elevation from 3,600 ft (1,097 m) to over 11,000 ft (3,353 m)—is one of the three main sections of the Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, and also a part of the Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, with Capitol Reef National Park being adjacent to the east.
Ordo Rachelis
The Ordo Rachelis (Play of Rachel), Interfectio Puerorum (Murder of the Children), or Ludus Innocentium (Play of the Innocents) is a medieval dramatic tradition consisting in four plays and based on the Massacre of the Innocents, an event recorded in the Gospel of Matthew, and on the prophecy recorded in the Book of Jeremiah: "A voice was heard in Ramah, lamentation, and bitter weeping; Rahel weeping for her children refused to be comforted for her children, because they were not" (31:15, KJV). The prophecy, which Matthew believed to be fulfilled when Herod the Great ordered the slaughter of all boys under two in Bethlehem, looks backwards to Rachel, the matriarch of the Hebrews, and towards her lamentation over the death of her children, the Hebrew children, in the massacre.

The Ordo Rachelis plays were probably performed as part of the liturgy for Innocents Day (28 December).

Massacre of the Innocents
The Massacre (or Slaughter) of the Innocents is a story recounted in the Nativity narrative of the Gospel of Matthew (2:16–18) in which Herod the Great, king of Judea, orders the execution of all male children who are two years old and under in the vicinity of Bethlehem. It is modeled by the story of Pharaoh's attempt to kill the Israelite children in the Book of Exodus, as told in an expanded version that was current in the 1st century. Most scholars find no support for the historicity of Matthew’s account of the Massacre of the Innocents.

The Feast of the Holy Innocents, also known as Childermas, is celebrated in the Western Christian Churches on 28 December, the fourth day of Christmastide. In Eastern Christianity, the feast is celebrated on various dates, depending on the denomination.
Šime Fantela
Šime Fantela (born 19 January 1986) is a Croatian professional sailor. Competing in the 470 class with Igor Marenić, he won gold at the 2016 Summer Olympics, the 2009 World Championships, and three European Championships (2009, 2011, 2012). At the 470 World Championships in 2009 in Rungsted, Fantela and Marenić became the first Croatians to win a gold medal at the ISAF World Championships.

Šime and his younger brother Mihovil Fantela competed for Croatia at the 2020 Summer Olympics in the 49er event, and again in the same event at the 2024 Summer Olympics.

Igor Marenić
Igor Marenić (born 2 January 1986) is a Croatian professional sailor. Competing in the 470 class with Šime Fantela, he won gold at the 2016 Summer Olympics, the 2009 World Championships, and three European Championships (2009, 2011, 2012).
Psophis
Psophis (Ancient Greek: Ψωφίς, Eth. Ψωφίδιος) was an ancient Greek city in the northwest end of Arcadia, bounded on the north by Achaea, and on the west by Elis. It was located near the modern village Psofida, part of the municipality of Kalavryta.

Psofida
Psofida (Greek: Ψωφίδα) is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Aroania in the southern part of Achaea, Greece. The community consists of the villages Psofida, Ano Psofida, Tripotama, Ano Tripotama, Kato Tripotama and Vasiliki. Psofida was named after the ancient Arcadian town Psophis, that was located near the present village Tripotama. It is situated near the confluence of the rivers Erymanthos, Aroanios and Seiraios, and near the tripoint of Achaea, Arcadia and Elis. It is 4 km southwest of Livartzi, 9 km east of Lampeia, 25 km southwest of Kalavryta and 45 km southeast of Patras.
Natural transformation
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a natural transformation provides a way of transforming one functor into another while respecting the internal structure (i.e., the composition of morphisms) of the categories involved. Hence, a natural transformation can be considered to be a "morphism of functors". Informally, the notion of a natural transformation states that a particular map between functors can be done consistently over an entire category.

Indeed, this intuition can be formalized to define so-called functor categories. Natural transformations are, after categories and functors, one of the most fundamental notions of category theory and consequently appear in the majority of its applications.

Functor category
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a functor category  is a category where the objects are the functors  and the morphisms are natural transformations  between the functors (here,  is another object in the category). Functor categories are of interest for two main reasons:

many commonly occurring categories are (disguised) functor categories, so any statement proved for general functor categories is widely applicable;

every category embeds in a functor category (via the Yoneda embedding); the functor category often has nicer properties than the original category, allowing certain operations that were not available in the original setting.
Big Four (Indian snakes)
The four venomous snake species responsible for causing the greatest number of medically significant human snake bite cases on the Indian subcontinent (majorly in India and Sri Lanka) are sometimes collectively referred to as the Big Four. They cause 46,000–60,000 deaths each year. The snakes are:

Russell's viper, Daboia russelii

Common krait, Bungarus caeruleus

Indian cobra, Naja naja

Indian saw-scaled viper, Echis carinatus

Daboia russelii, Russell's viper

Bungarus caeruleus, the common krait

Naja naja, the Indian cobra

Echis carinatus, the saw-scaled viper

Snakebites by species in India

According to a 2020 study that did a comprehensive analysis of snake bites in India, Russell's viper accounted for 43% of the snakebites in India, followed by kraits (18%), cobras (12%), hump nose viper (4%), saw-scaled viper (1.7%), and water snake (0.3%). The rest (21%) were of unidentified species.

Seasonality of snakebite deaths in India

Snakebite death rates by altitude

Russell's viper
Russell's viper (Daboia russelii) is a species of highly venomous snake in the family Viperidae. The species is native to South Asia. It was described in 1797 by George Shaw and Frederick Polydore Nodder. It is named after Patrick Russell. Known for its extremely painful bite, it is considered one of the most dangerous big four snakes in India.
Connecticut Route 361
Route 361 is a state highway in the northwestern section of the U.S. state of Connecticut, running from the town center of Sharon to the New York state line in Salisbury. The route was a former alignment of Route 4 from what is now Route 41 to the New York state line, where it continued as New York State Route 361. Route 361 in Connecticut was assigned when Route 4 was truncated in 1966. In 1980, New York decommissioned the continuation of Route 361 and reassigned it as Dutchess County Route 62.

Connecticut Route 4
Route 4 is an east–west primary state highway connecting rural Litchfield County to the Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs 46.72 miles (75.19 km) from the town of Sharon to the town of West Hartford.
Radio Shalom (Paris)
Radio Shalom is a Jewish community radio station based in Paris, France. It broadcasts on 94.8 MHz in a time-sharing agreement with two additional Jewish stations, Radio J and RCJ, from a transmitter in the 17th arrondissement of Paris, atop the Hyatt Regency Paris Étoile. The station, characterized by its pro-peace editorial stance to the Israel–Palestine conflict, is financed by advertising.

Radio J
Radio J is a Jewish community radio station in Paris. It broadcasts on 94.8 MHz in a time-sharing agreement with two additional Jewish stations, Radio Shalom and RCJ, from a transmitter in the 17th arrondissement of Paris, atop the Hyatt Regency Paris Étoile. It has half of the air time on the frequency after the 2020 unification of Radio J and Judaïques FM under common management and branding.

Of the three Jewish radio stations, Radio J is identified as the closest to the religious community and to the state of Israel and the most right-wing. One of its founders, Guy Rozanowicz, stated that "Radio J has allowed the Jews of France to strengthen their ties with the Jewish state". Michel Zerbib, who ran the Radio J newsroom in the mid-2000s, noted the station's "very militant stance in defense of the Jewish people and the State of Israel".
Archdiocese of Milan
The Archdiocese of Milan (Italian: Arcidiocesi di Milano; Latin: Archidioecesis Mediolanensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Italy which covers the areas of Milan, Monza, Lecco and Varese. It has long maintained its own Latin liturgical rite usage, the Ambrosian rite, which is still used in the greater part of the diocesan territory. Among its past archbishops, the better known are Ambrose, Charles Borromeo, Pope Pius XI and Pope Paul VI.

The Archdiocese of Milan is the metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province of Milan, which includes the suffragan dioceses of Bergamo, Brescia, Como, Crema, Cremona, Lodi, Mantova, Pavia, and Vigevano.

Milan's archdiocese is the largest in Europe, and the one having the most priests in the world, with, as of 2021, 2,450 priests living in the diocese, among whom 1,712 are secular priests.

Charles Borromeo
Charles Borromeo (Italian: Carlo Borromeo; Latin: Carolus Borromeus; 2 October 1538 – 3 November 1584) was an Italian Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Milan from 1564 to 1584. He was made a cardinal in 1560.

Borromeo founded the Confraternity of Christian Doctrine and was a leading figure of the Counter-Reformation together with Ignatius of Loyola and Philip Neri. In that role, he was responsible for significant reforms in the Catholic Church, including the founding of seminaries for the education of priests. He was canonized in 1610 and his feast day is 4 November.
Line 15 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 15 of the Shanghai Metro is a north-south metro line in the city of Shanghai that opened on 23 January 2021. The line begins at Gucun Park in Baoshan District at its northern end, and terminates at Zizhu Hi-tech Park in Minhang District at its southern end, via Shanghai West Railway Station and Shanghai South Railway Station. It will be 42.3 kilometres (26.3 mi) in length and have 30 stations. The line is one of Shanghai Metro's new batch of high capacity fully automated and driverless lines along with Lines 14 and 18. The line is colored ivory on system maps.

Zizhu Hi-tech Park station
Zizhu Hi-tech Park (simplified Chinese: 紫竹高新区; traditional Chinese: 紫竹高新區; pinyin: Zǐzhú Gāoxīnqū) is a metro station on Line 15 of the Shanghai Metro. Located at the intersection of Dongchuan Road and South Lianhua Road in Minhang District, Shanghai, the station is the southern terminus of the line and opened with the rest of Line 15 in early 2021. The line was originally scheduled to open by the end of 2020; however, on 24 December 2020, officials announced that it would instead open before the Chinese New Year festival period in 2021. This station opened on 23 January 2021.
Due to this station being the end of line, this station is the only station after South Hongmei Road where the Interior is not blue.
Hammond's Knoll
Hammond's Knoll is a 6-mile (9.7 km) long sandbank off the coast of Norfolk, England at Happisburgh, to the east of Haisborough Sands. The sandbank at low tide has a depth of 6 fathoms (11 m) at each end, and 3 fathoms (5.5 m) in the centre. The sandbank has lighted buoys at its north and east ends. Hammond's Knoll forms part of the Haisborough, Hammond and Winterton Special Area of Conservation.

Haisborough Sands
Haisborough Sands (or Haisboro Sands or Haisbro Sands) is a sandbank off the coast of Norfolk, England at Happisburgh. The shoal is 10 miles (16 km) long and 1 mile (1.6 km) wide and lies parallel to the north-east coast of Norfolk. The shoal is marked to the northwest by north by the Haisbro Light Buoy, North cardinal. To the southeast by south is a light buoy South cardinal, and to the west by Mid Haisbro light buoy starboard hand. In 1995 there were three drying patches recorded to the north-northeast and east-southeast of the Mid Haisbro light buoy. Except at slack water their positions are indicated by tidal eddies particularly on the northwest, and in slight or moderate seas the swell breaks on the shallower parts of the banks. There are several foul patches on the southern part of the shoal. Over the years this shoal has claimed many ships.
Kenyah languages
The Kenyah languages are a group of half a dozen or so closely related languages spoken by the Kenyah peoples of Borneo. They are:

Kenyah proper (a dialect cluster, incl. Madang), Sebob, Tutoh (Long Wat), Wahau Kenyah, Uma’ Lung / Uma’ Lasan.

Ethnologue says that the Punan–Nibong languages are related to Uma’ Lasan, Glottolog that they are outside the Kenyah languages.

Penan language
Penan, also known as Punan-Nibong, is a language complex spoken by the Penan people of Borneo. They are related to the Kenyah languages.  Glottolog shows Western Penan as closer to Sebop than it is to Eastern Penan.
Temporary Slavery Commission
The Temporary Slavery Commission (TSC) was a committee of the League of Nations, inaugurated in 1924.

It was the first committee of the League of Nations to address the issue of slavery and slave trade, and followed on the Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90.

The TSC conducted a global investigation concerning slavery, slave trade and forced labor, and recommended solutions to address the issues. Its work lay the ground for the 1926 Slavery Convention and influenced the modern definition of slavery and human exploitation.

1926 Slavery Convention
The 1926 Slavery Convention or the Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery is an international treaty created under the auspices of the League of Nations and first signed on 25 September 1926. It was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on 9 March 1927, the same day it went into effect. The objective of the convention is to confirm and advance the suppression of slavery and the slave trade and was extended in 1956 with the Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, under the auspices of the United Nations.
Edrom
Edrom is a parish and small village in the pre-1975 ancient county of Berwickshire, now an administrative area of the  Scottish Borders region of Scotland.

The rural parish of Edrom is in east central Berwickshire being bounded on the north by the parishes of Bunkle and Preston and Chirnside, on the east by the Parishes of Chirnside, Hutton and Whitsome and Hilton, on the south by the parishes of Whitsome and Hilton, Swinton and Fogo and on the west by the parishes of Langton and Duns. It includes the nearby village of Allanton.

Allanton, Scottish Borders
Allanton (Scottish Gaelic: Baile Alain) is a small village in the Scottish Borders region of Scotland. Historically part of Berwickshire, for many years it was part of the estate of Blackadder House, which was demolished around 1925.
Sharath Lohithaswa
Sharatchandra Lohithaswa (born 5 May 1972), known popularly as Sharath Lohithaswa, is an Indian actor who works predominantly in Kannada cinema alongside some Tamil and Telugu films. He has had a successful career in theatre, where he continues to work, and television. After working as a lecturer for a brief period, Sharath took to acting as a full-time profession and worked on stage following the footsteps of his father Lohithaswa. He began working in films in 1995 and has today established himself as a character actor.

Lohithaswa
Lohithashwa T. S. (5 August 1942 – 8 November 2022) was an Indian Kannada film actor and playwright and an English professor. He acted in more than five hundred Kannada movies, stage plays, and television serials. He was popularly known for his dominating voice in the Kannada film industry. His son is actor Sharath Lohitashwa.
MS Queen Victoria
MS Queen Victoria (QV) is a Vista-class cruise ship operated by the Cunard Line and is named after the former British monarch Queen Victoria. The vessel is of the same basic design as other Vista-class cruise ships, including Queen Elizabeth. At 90,049 gross tonnage (GT) she is the smallest of Cunard's ships in operation.

MS Queen Elizabeth
MS Queen Elizabeth (QE) is a cruise ship of the Vista class operated by the Cunard Line. The design is modified compared to earlier ships of the same class, and slightly larger than Queen Victoria, at 92,000 GT.

The ship's name was announced by Cunard on 10 October 2007. Since the retirement of Queen Elizabeth 2 in 2008 the company has operated four vessels. The naming of the ship as Queen Elizabeth brings about a situation similar to that between 1940 and 1948, when Cunard's original Queen Elizabeth was in service at the same time as the Royal Navy battleship HMS Queen Elizabeth. In July 2017, the RMS Queen Elizabeth encountered the HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier at Invergordon when the latter returned to port to address a propulsion issue that occurred during her sea trials.
Dixanthogen disulfide
Structure of diethyl dixanthogen disulfide.

Dixanthogen disulfides are a class of organosulfur compounds with the formula (ROC(S)S)2.  Usually yellow solids, they are the product of the oxidation of xanthate salts.    A common derivative is diethyl dixanthogen disulfide. Diisopropyl dixanthogen disulfide is commercially available. They are structurally related to thiuram disulfides.

Diethyl dixanthogen disulfide
Diethyl dixanthogen disulfide (DEXD) is the organosulfur compound with the formula (C2H5OC(S)S)2. It is one of the most common dixanthogen disulfides, compounds of the type (ROC(S)S)2 (R = alkyl).  A yellow solid,  It is obtained by oxidation of sodium ethylxanthate or potassium ethylxanthate.

According to X-ray crystallography, the two C2H5OC(S)S) groups in solid diethyl dixanthogen disulfide are planar and are linked by a disulfide bond.  The C-S-S-C dihedral angle is near 90°, as is common for acyclic disulfides.
Headless (film)
Headless is a 2015 American horror film directed by Arthur Cullipher. It is based on the film within a film from the  2012 horror film Found.  The film was funded by donors from Kickstarter, and the first festival screening was in February 2015 in Indianapolis.

Found (2012 film)
Found (stylized as found.) is a 2012 American horror film written and directed by Scott Schirmer. It is based on the novel of the same name by Todd Rigney. The October People picked up the distribution rights in 2014 after the film screened at various film festivals.
Andalusian nationalism
Andalusian nationalism is the nationalism that asserts that Andalusians are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Andalusians. In the past it was considered to be represented primarily by the Andalusian Party, but the party disbanded in 2015. In 2021, the left-wing Andalusian nationalist party Adelante Andalucía was formed, obtaining representation in the 2022 regional election.

Some political forces without parliamentary presence like Nación Andaluza and Asamblea Nacional de Andalucía may be found advocating independence. There is also a movement defending the idea that Andalusian is not a dialect of Spanish, but a language of its own.

Andalusian language movement
A social movement aiming to recognize Andalusian Spanish as an independent language separate from Spanish exists. Prominent advocate groups and organizations include the Society for the Study of Andalusian (ZEA), Er Prinçipito Andalûh (EPA) and AndaluGeeks.

One of the movement's most impactful initiatives is Êttandâ pal andalûh ("Standard for Andalusian"; EPA), a standardized orthographic system for Andalusian which has been used, among other things, to create Andalusian versions of Minecraft, Telegram and Wikipedia.
Gazpacho
Gazpacho (Spanish: [ɡaθˈpatʃo / ɡahˈpatʃo]) or gaspacho (Portuguese: [ɡɐʃˈpaʃu]), also called Andalusian gazpacho (from Spanish gazpacho andaluz), is a cold soup and drink made of raw, blended vegetables. It originated in the southern regions of the Iberian Peninsula and spread into other areas. Gazpacho is widely eaten in Spain and Portugal, particularly in summer, since it is refreshing and cool.

Although there are other recipes called gazpacho, such as gazpacho manchego, the standard usage implies a soup. There are also a number of dishes that are closely related and often considered variants thereof, such as ajoblanco, salmorejo, pipirrana, porra antequerana (closer to a bread soup), and cojondongo.

Ajoblanco
Ajoblanco (sometimes written ajo blanco) is a popular Spanish cold soup typical from Granada and Málaga (Andalusia). This dish is made of bread, crushed almonds, garlic, water, olive oil, salt and sometimes vinegar. It is usually served with grapes or slices of melon. When almonds were not available, for instance during the post-war period, flour from dried beans was used.

Ajoblanco is sometimes referred to as "white gazpacho".

Extremaduran ajoblanco (ajoblanco extremeño) is a related though somewhat different dish, since it contains egg yolk in the emulsion as well as water, olive oil, garlic and bread, and while vegetables such as tomatoes or cucumbers may be added, it does not usually contain almonds.