hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Naval Support Activity Charleston
Naval Support Activity Charleston, originally designated Naval Weapons Station Charleston, is a base of the United States Navy located on the west bank of the Cooper River, in the cities of Goose Creek and Hanahan South Carolina. The base encompasses more than 17,000 acres (69 km2) of land with 10,000 acres (40 km2) of forest and wetlands, 16-plus miles of waterfront, four deep-water piers, 38.2 miles (61.5 km) of railroad and 292 miles (470 km) of road. The current workforce (military/civil service/contractor) numbers more than 11,000 with an additional 3,600 people in on-base family housing.

Of the three Naval Weapons Stations on the U.S. East Coast, the Charleston facility is the largest.

Under the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission's recommendations, the Air Force is to jointly manage Naval Weapons Station Charleston and Charleston Air Force Base as Joint Base Charleston.

Goose Creek, South Carolina
Goose Creek is the most populous city in Berkeley County in the U.S. state of South Carolina. The population was 45,946 at the 2020 census, making it the 7th-most populous city in the state. Most of Naval Support Activity Charleston is in Goose Creek. As defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, and used only by the U.S. Census Bureau and other federal agencies for statistical purposes, Goose Creek is included within the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
High Renaissance
In art history, the High Renaissance was a short period of the most exceptional artistic production in the Italian states, particularly Rome, capital of the Papal States, and in Florence, during the Italian Renaissance. Most art historians state that the High Renaissance started between 1490 and 1500, and ended in 1520 with the death of Raphael, although some say the High Renaissance ended about 1525, or in 1527 with the Sack of Rome by the mutinous army of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, or about 1530. The best-known exponents of painting, sculpture, and architecture of the High Renaissance include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, and Bramante. In the 21st century, the use of the term has been frequently criticized by some academic art historians for oversimplifying artistic developments, ignoring historical context, and focusing only on a few iconic works.

Donato Bramante
Donato Bramante (1444 – 11 April 1514), born as Donato di Pascuccio d'Antonio and also known as Bramante Lazzari, was an Italian architect and painter. He introduced Renaissance architecture to Milan and the High Renaissance style to Rome, where his plan for St. Peter's Basilica formed the basis of the design executed by Michelangelo. His Tempietto (San Pietro in Montorio) marked the beginning of the High Renaissance in Rome (1502) when Pope Julius II appointed him to build a sanctuary over the spot where Peter was martyred.
Cobble (geology)
A cobble (also sometimes called a cobblestone) is a clast of rock defined on the Udden–Wentworth scale as having a particle size of 64–256 millimeters (2.5–10.1 in), larger than a pebble and smaller than a boulder. Other scales define a cobble's size differently. A rock made predominantly of cobbles is termed a conglomerate. Cobblestone is a building material based on cobbles.

Grain size
Grain size (or particle size) is the diameter of individual grains of sediment, or the lithified particles in clastic rocks.  The term may also be applied to other granular materials. This is different from the crystallite size, which refers to the size of a single crystal inside a particle or grain. A single grain can be composed of several crystals. Granular material can range from very small colloidal particles, through clay, silt, sand, gravel, and cobbles, to boulders.
Hugh the Great
Hugh the Great (c. 898 – 16 June 956) was the duke of the Franks and count of Paris. He was the most powerful magnate in France. Son of King Robert I of France, Hugh was Margrave of Neustria. He played an active role in bringing King Louis IV of France back from England in 936. Seeking an alliance with the Holy Roman Emperor Otto the Great, he married Otto's younger sister Hedwig of Saxony in 937. They were the parents of Hugh Capet. Hedwig's sister, Gerberga of Saxony, was Louis' wife. Although he often fought against Louis, he supported the accession of Louis and Gerberga's son, Lothair of France.

Lothair of France
Lothair (French: Lothaire; Latin: Lothārius; 941 – 2 March 986), sometimes called Lothair II, III or IV, was the penultimate Carolingian king of West Francia, reigning from 10 September 954 until his death in 986.
Susanna Innes-Ker, Duchess of Roxburghe
Susanna Innes-Ker, Duchess of Roxburghe VA (née Dalbiac; 1814 – 7 May 1895) was a friend and Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Victoria. Born into a military family, she married the 6th Duke of Roxburghe in 1836. Innes-Ker was one of Victoria's longest serving ladies-in-waiting, holding the appointment from 1865 until her death.

Lady of the Bedchamber
Lady of the Bedchamber  is the title of a lady-in-waiting holding the official position of personal attendant on a British queen regnant or queen consort. The position is traditionally held by the wife of a peer. A lady of the bedchamber would give instructions to the women of the bedchamber on what their queen wished them to do, or may carry out those duties herself.

The equivalent title and office has historically been used in most European royal courts (Dutch: Dames du Palais; French: Dames or Dame de Palais; German: Hofstaatsdame or Palastdame; Italian: Dame di Corte; Russian: Hofdame or Statsdame; Spanish: Dueña de honor; Swedish: Statsfru).
Jim Matthews (politician)
James R. Matthews is an American politician from the state of Pennsylvania, and is a member of the Republican Party. He is a former member of the Montgomery County Board of Commissioners, and was the unsuccessful 2006 Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania as Lynn Swann's running mate.

2006 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election
The 2006 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 2006, and included the races for the governor of Pennsylvania and lieutenant governor of Pennsylvania. Incumbent Democratic Governor Ed Rendell successfully ran for re-election. Pennsylvania's first female lieutenant governor, Catherine Baker Knoll, was also running for re-election.

As of 2025, this is the most recent gubernatorial election in which the Democratic candidate has carried the following counties- Clearfield, Columbia, Elk, Mercer, Pike, Susquehanna, Warren, Washington, Wayne and Wyoming. This is the last time any statewide race in Pennsylvania resulted in a candidate getting over 60% of the vote.
Jerry Frissen
Jerry Frissen (born Thierry Frissen in Brussels, on June 2, 1964) is an American comic book writer and a toy designer from Los Angeles, California. He has written the anthology comic book series Lucha Libre, The Zombies That Ate The World illustrated by Guy Davis and "The Metabarons", illustrated by Valentin Secher, Niko Henrichon and Esad Ribic.

The Zombies That Ate the World
The Zombies That Ate The World (French: Les Zombies qui ont mangé le monde) is an ongoing comic book series written by Jerry Frissen and illustrated by Guy Davis. It is published in France by Les Humanoïdes Associés and reprinted in North America by Humanoids Publishing/Devil's Due. It is also published in Spain, Germany and Finland.
Calcium sparks
A calcium spark is the microscopic release of calcium (Ca2+) from a store known as the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), located within muscle cells. This release occurs through an ion channel within the membrane of the SR, known as a ryanodine receptor (RyR), which opens upon activation. This process is important as it helps to maintain Ca2+ concentration within the cell. It also initiates muscle contraction in skeletal and cardiac muscles and muscle relaxation in smooth muscles. Ca2+ sparks are important in physiology as they show how Ca2+ can be used at a subcellular level, to signal both local changes, known as local control, as well as whole cell changes.

Ryanodine receptor
Ryanodine receptors (RyR) make up a class of high-conductance, intracellular calcium channels present in various forms, such as animal muscles and neurons. There are three major isoforms of the ryanodine receptor, which are found in different tissues and participate in various signaling pathways involving calcium release from intracellular organelles.
Top Trumps Adventures: Horror and Predators
Top Trumps Adventures: Horror and Predators is a video game for the DS, PC and PlayStation 2 consoles, based on the popular Top Trumps card game. It was published by Ubisoft. This release is the sister title to Top Trumps Adventures: Dogs and Dinosaurs, and is part of the Top Trumps Adventures series.

Top Trumps Adventures
Top Trumps Adventures is a series of video games based on Top Trumps, a card game. There are three games in the series. These are:

Top Trumps Adventures for Wii

Top Trumps Adventures: Dogs and Dinosaurs

Top Trumps Adventures: Horror and Predators
Carlsbad by the Sea
Carlsbad by the Sea (CBTS) is a continuing-care retirement community in the city of Carlsbad, California. Its  history traced back to the original mineral springs that was discovered in 1882, and was instrumental in the development of the city. The retirement community was begun in the original Carlsbad Mineral Springs Hotel & Spa which was later demolished and replicated by the current structure. The history of CBTS was commemorated in 1998 by a historical marker at its Carlsbad site.

John A. Frazier
Captain John Aldridge Frazier (July 18, 1833 – July 16, 1899) was a merchant seaman and farmer who was one of the founders of the city of Carlsbad, California. His discovery of artesian springs with mineral water led to the creation of the Carlsbad Mineral Springs Hotel & Spa.
Edward Hart (settler)
Edward Hart was an early settler of the American Colonies who, as town clerk, wrote the Flushing Remonstrance, a precursor to the United States Constitution's provision on freedom of religion in the Bill of Rights.

Flushing Remonstrance
The Flushing Remonstrance was a 1657 petition to Director-General of New Netherland Peter Stuyvesant, in which some thirty residents of the small settlement at Flushing requested an exemption to his ban on Quaker worship. It is considered a precursor to the United States Constitution's provision on freedom of religion in the Bill of Rights.
Nuremberg Airport
Nuremberg Airport (German: Albrecht Dürer Flughafen Nürnberg (IATA: NUE, ICAO: EDDN)) is an international airport of the Franconian metropolitan area of Nuremberg and the second-busiest airport in Bavaria after Munich Airport. The year 2018, with 4.5 million, was the year with the highest passenger volume to date at this airport. It was Germany's 9th busiest airport in 2022. It is located approximately 5 km (3.1 mi) north of Nuremberg's city centre and offers flights within Germany as well as to European metropolitan and leisure destinations, especially along the Mediterranean Sea, on the Canary Islands, in Turkey and in Egypt. The Airport is owned and operated by Flughafen Nürnberg GmbH, in turn owned 50% by the state of Bavaria and 50% by the city of Nuremberg.

Munich Airport
Munich Airport (Flughafen München „Franz Josef Strauß“) (IATA: MUC, ICAO: EDDM) is an international airport serving Munich and the surrounding region of Upper Bavaria and Lower Bavaria. Located 28.5 km (17.7 mi) northeast of Munich near the town of Freising, it is named after former Bavarian minister-president Franz Josef Strauss. According to the German Aeronautical Information Publication, the airport's official name is Muenchen Airport.

The airport is the second-busiest in Germany after Frankfurt Airport and the eleventh-busiest in Europe, handling 41.6 million passengers in 2024. It ranked as the 39th-busiest airport worldwide that year.

Munich Airport is a hub for Lufthansa and also hosts several of its subsidiaries. It has two passenger terminals, a midfield terminal, two runways, and extensive cargo and maintenance facilities capable of handling wide-body aircraft such as the Airbus A380.
Screen & Radio Weekly
Screen & Radio Weekly was a nationally syndicated Sunday tabloid-newspaper-supplement published by the Detroit Free Press from 1934 to 1940 that covered film, radio, and fashion – and included a short story.

Detroit Free Press
The Detroit Free Press (commonly referred to as the Freep) is one of two major daily newspapers in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It is owned by USA Today Co., which also owns the main historical rival The Detroit News. Both newspapers operated under a joint operating agreement from 1989 until 2025. The Sunday edition is titled the Sunday Free Press.

The Free Press has received ten Pulitzer Prizes and four Emmy Awards. Its motto is "On Guard for 195 Years".
Rangiroa
Rangiroa (Tuamotuan for 'vast sky') or Te Kokōta (Cook Islands Māori for 'the Hyades star cluster') is the largest atoll in the Tuamotus and one of the largest in the world (smaller than Kwajalein in the Marshall Islands and Huvadhu in the Maldives).

It is in French Polynesia and is part of the Palliser group. The nearest atoll is Tikehau, 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) to the west. It is about 355 km (221 mi) northeast of Tahiti. Rangiroa is home to about 2,500 people on almost 80 km2 (31 sq mi). The chief town is Avatoru, in the atoll's northwest.

Tikehau
Tikehau (meaning Peaceful Landing in Tuamotuan) or Porutu-kai is a coral atoll in the Palliser Islands group, part of the Tuamotu Archipelago in French Polynesia. It is included in the commune of Rangiroa.
Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality
The Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (Xhosa: uMasipala oMbaxa iNelson Mandela Bay; Afrikaans: Nelson Mandelabaai Metropolitaanse Munisipaliteit) is one of eight metropolitan municipalities in South Africa. It is located on the shores of Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape province and comprises the city of Gqeberha (Port Elizabeth), the nearby towns of Uitenhage and Despatch, and the surrounding rural area.

The name "Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality" was chosen to honour former President Nelson Mandela.

Algoa Bay
Algoa Bay is a maritime bay in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. It is located on the east coast, 683 kilometres (424 mi) east of the Cape of Good Hope.

Algoa Bay is bounded in the west by Cape Recife and in the east by Cape Padrone. The bay is up to 436 m (1,430 ft) deep. The harbour city of Port Elizabeth is situated adjacent to the bay, as is the Port of Ngqura deep-water port facility.
Fred Walsen
Fred Walsen (June 14, 1841 – February 15, 1906) was a banker, businessman, landowner and politician from Colorado, U.S. The city of Walsenburg, Colorado is named for him, and he was the city's first mayor. He served as the fifth treasurer of the state of Colorado, from 1883 to 1885.

Walsenburg, Colorado
Walsenburg is the statutory city that is the county seat of and the most populous municipality in Huerfano County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 3,049 at the 2020 census, down from 3,068 in 2010.
Miramichi, New Brunswick
Miramichi (/ˌmɛrəməˈʃiː/ /ˌmɪrəmɪˈʃiː/) is the largest city in northern New Brunswick, Canada. It is situated at the mouth of the Miramichi River where it enters Miramichi Bay. The Miramichi Valley is the second longest valley in New Brunswick, after the Saint John River Valley.

On 1 January 2023, Miramichi annexed parts of two local service districts on its northern border; revised census information has not been released.

Miramichi River
The Miramichi River /ˌmɪrəmɪˈʃiː/ is a river located in the east-central part of New Brunswick, Canada.  The river drains into Miramichi Bay in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The name may have been derived from the Montagnais words "Maissimeu Assi" (meaning Mi'kmaq Land), and it is today the namesake of the Miramichi Herald at the Canadian Heraldic Authority.
Broadcasting Act 1990
The Broadcasting Act 1990 (c. 42) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which aimed to liberalise and deregulate the British broadcasting industry by promoting competition; an example being ITV, in particular, which had earlier been described by Margaret Thatcher as "the last bastion of restrictive practices". The act was initiated in part due to a 1989 European Council Directive (89/552), also known as the Television Without Frontiers directive, and came about after the findings from the Peacock Committee.

It led directly to the abolition of the Independent Broadcasting Authority and its replacement with the Independent Television Commission and Radio Authority (both themselves now replaced by Ofcom), which were given the task of regulating the broadcasting industry with weaker powers compared to the previous authority.

Independent Broadcasting Authority
The Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) was the regulatory body in the United Kingdom for commercial television (ITV and Channel 4 and limited satellite television regulation – cable television was the responsibility of the Cable Authority) – and commercial and independent radio broadcasts. The IBA came into being when the Sound Broadcasting Act 1972 gave the Independent Television Authority responsibility for organising the new Independent Local Radio (ILR) stations. The Independent Television Commission formally replaced the IBA on 1 January 1991 in regulatory terms; however, the authority itself was not officially dissolved until 2003.

The IBA appointed and regulated a number of regional programme TV contractors and local radio contractors, and built and operated the network of transmitters distributing these programmes through its Engineering Division. It established and part-funded a National Broadcasting School to train on-air and engineering staff.
Feteira (Angra do Heroísmo)
Feteira (pronounced [fɨ.ˈtɐj.ɾɐ]) is a rural civil parish in the municipality of Angra do Heroísmo in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The population in 2011 was 1,239, in an area of 5.25 square kilometres (2.03 mi2).

Angra do Heroísmo
Angra do Heroísmo, officially the Very Noble, Loyal and Ever Steadfast City of Angra do Heroísmo, or simply Angra, is a city and municipality on Terceira Island, Portugal, and one of the three capital cities of the Azores. Founded in 1478, Angra was historically the most important city in the Azores, as seat of the Bishop of the Azores, government entities, and having previously served as the capital city of Portugal during the Liberal Wars. The population in 2011 was 35,402, in an area of 239.00 km2. It was classified as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1983.
Francesco Melzi
Francesco Melzi, or Francesco de Melzi (1491 – 1570) was an Italian painter born into a family of the Milanese nobility in Lombardy. He became a pupil of Leonardo da Vinci and remained as his closest friend and professional assistant throughout his career. After Leonardo’s death, Melzi became the literary executor of all Leonardo's papers and compiled them into a manuscript known as the Codex Urbinas. This compilation later served as the basis for the Trattato della Pittura (Treatise on Painting), which was published posthumously by others based on Melzi’s organization of Leonardo’s notes.

A Treatise on Painting
A Treatise on Painting (Trattato della pittura) is a collection of Leonardo da Vinci's writings entered in his notebooks under the general heading "On Painting". The manuscripts were begun in Milan while Leonardo was under the service of Ludovico Sforza and gathered together by his heir Francesco Melzi. An abridged version of the treatise was first published in France in 1651. After Melzi's  manuscript was rediscovered in the Vatican Library, the treatise was published in its modern form in 1817.
Our Coalition
Our Coalition (Mongolian: Та бидний эвсэл, Ta bidnii evsel) was an electoral alliance formed to run for 2020 Mongolian parliamentary election. It consisted of three political parties: Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party, Civil Will–Green Party, and Mongolian Traditional United Party. The coalition gained 1 seat in the State Great Khural. According to Mongolian law, the coalition is considered dissolved in 2024.

2020 Mongolian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Mongolia on 24 June 2020. The result was a landslide victory for the ruling Mongolian People's Party, which won 62 of the 76 seats, a slight decrease from the 65 it won in the 2016 elections. The main opposition Democratic Party won 11 out 76 seats, gaining only 2 seats.
International standard paper sizes
ISO 216 is an international standard for paper sizes, used around the world except in North America and parts of Latin America. The standard defines the "A", "B" and "C" series of paper sizes, which includes the A4, the most commonly available paper size worldwide. Two supplementary standards, ISO 217 and ISO 269, define related paper sizes.

All ISO 216, ISO 217 and ISO 269 paper sizes (except some envelopes) have the same aspect ratio, √2:1, within rounding to millimetres. This ratio has the unique property that when cut or folded in half widthways, the halves also have the same aspect ratio. Each ISO paper size is one half of the area of the next larger size in the same series.

Square root of 2
The square root of 2 (approximately 1.4142) is the positive real number that, when multiplied by itself or squared, equals the number 2. It may be written as  or . It is an algebraic number, and therefore not a transcendental number. Technically, it should be called the principal square root of 2, to distinguish it from the negative number with the same property.

Geometrically, the square root of 2 is the length of a diagonal across a square with sides of one unit of length; this follows from the Pythagorean theorem. It was probably the first number known to be irrational. The fraction ⁠99/70⁠ (≈ 1.4142857) is sometimes used as a good rational approximation with a reasonably small denominator.

Sequence A002193 in the On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences consists of the digits in the decimal expansion of the square root of 2, here truncated to 30 decimal places:

1.414213562373095048801688724209
Joseph J. Allaire
Joseph J. Allaire (born 1969), better known professionally as J. J. Allaire, is an American-born software engineer and Internet entrepreneur. He created the ColdFusion programming language and web application server, founded Allaire Corporation, OnFolio,   FitNow, and RStudio, and created LoseIt! and Windows Live Writer. Allaire is currently the founder and CEO of statistical computing company Posit (formerly RStudio Inc).

RStudio
RStudio IDE (or RStudio) is an integrated development environment for R, a programming language for statistical computing and graphics. It's available in two formats: RStudio Desktop is a regular desktop application while RStudio Server runs on a remote server and allows accessing RStudio using a web browser. The RStudio IDE is a product of Posit PBC (formerly RStudio PBC, formerly RStudio Inc.).
Thank You for Hearing Me
"Thank You for Hearing Me" is a song by Irish singer-songwriter Sinéad O'Connor, released in 1994 by Chrysalis and Ensign Records as the first single from her fourth album, Universal Mother (1994). Co-written with her first husband John Reynolds and based on her recent breakup with English singer-songwriter Peter Gabriel, they also co-produced the song with English musician, composer and record producer Tim Simenon. It received positive reviews from music critics and peaked at number five in Iceland, while peaking at number 13 on the UK Singles Chart. The accompanyng music video was directed by Richard Heslop.

Universal Mother
Universal Mother is the fourth studio album by Irish singer Sinéad O'Connor, released on 12 September 1994.

"That album was the first attempt to try to expose what was really underneath a lot of the anger of the other records," she explained, adding, "George Michael told me he loved that record, but could only listen to it once because it was so painful. He had to hide it."