hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chagharzai
The Chagharzais or Chagarzais are a division of the Malaizai clan of the Yousafzai tribe. Colonel Harold Carmichael Wylly, 1858–1932, a British military historian described these people in the following words:

The Yousafzai is an agriculturist, generally fine, well-limbed man, of a good physique and appearance with great deal of race-pride, well dressed and cheery, while his hospitality is proverbial.

Yusufzai
Yusufzai is one of the largest tribes of Pashtuns. They are natively based in the northern part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Malakand, Dir, Swat, Shangla, Buner, Swabi, Mardan, Bajaur, Peshawar, Tor Ghar), to which they migrated from Kabul during the 16th century, but they are also present in parts of Afghanistan, including Kunar, Kabul, Kandahar and Farah. Outside of these countries, they can be found in Ghoriwala, Bannu (Mughal Khel), Sibi (Akazai), Chagai (Hassanzai) and Rohilkhand. Most Yusufzais speak a northern variety of Pashto and some southern variety of Pashto, most prominent among the Mughal Khel branch, as well as Urdu and Dari as second languages.
POW! Entertainment
POW! Entertainment Inc. is an American media production company formed in 2001 by Gill Champion, Arthur Lieberman and former Marvel Comics editor and publisher Stan Lee. POW! is made up of two companies: POW! Entertainment, Inc. (POW! Inc.), a holding corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary, POW! Entertainment, LLC (POW! LLC) and is currently owned by Camsing International Holding.

POW! productions include the 2006 Sci-Fi Channel's TV-movie Stan Lee's Lightspeed, that network's reality television series Who Wants to Be a Superhero? and the Stan Lee's Mighty 7 media franchise. Other productions include the direct-to-DVD animated features Stan Lee's Mosaic and Stan Lee Presents: The Condor.

Lightspeed (film)
Lightspeed, (also known as Stan Lee's Lightspeed) is a 2006 superhero film directed by Don E. FauntLeRoy, starring Jason Connery in the title role. It also stars Nicole Eggert, Daniel Goddard, and Lee Majors. It was released direct-to-video on January 9, 2007.
Watal
The Watal are a community found in Jammu and Kashmir, India. The term 'Watal' also means cobbler in the Kashmiri language. The community is known by many names such as Batal, Battal, and Batul. They natively speak an unclassified Indo-Aryan language called Sheikhgal, or Watali.

The Shupir Watals, who claim to have been also known as Harmādānī Sheikh, are of uncertain origin. They are found mainly in the areas of Srinagar, Tangmarg, Baramulla and Sopore. They speak an Indo-Aryan language known as Sheikha gal or Watali.

Sheikhgal
Sheikhgal or Watali is an unclassified Indo-Aryan language of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Its speakers, the formerly nomadic Watals, are found throughout Kashmir, particularly in the districts of Srinagar (Parimpora, Nowhatta, Dargah, Natipora, Hawal), Baramulla (Bandipora, Khawja Bagh, Sopore and Tangmarg), Pulwama (Lolaab and Lassipora) and Kupwara (Kanthpora, Kulgam, Haihama, Magam, Handwara, Tarathpora). Among its speakers the language is also known as Opedigal or Phiri kathi.

Although attitudes towards the language are generally negative, the community is compact and Sheikhgal is the dominant language within the home. However, in other domains (market, workplace etc.) the language of wider communication Kashmiri is the preferred choice, even with other speakers of Sheikhgal. Within the family, there is a slight shift away from using Sheikhgal (85% of those interviewed by Mullick speak Sheikhgal with their spouses but only 69% do so with their children).
University of Buea
University of Buea (UB) is found in Molyko, Buea, in the southwest region of Cameroon. It was founded as a university centre in 1985 and became a full-fledged university in 1992, following a government decree that re-organized state universities in the country. It is regarded as the best university in Cameroon and is one of two English speaking universities in Cameroon, alongside the University of Bamenda, which follow the British system of education. It serves citizens from both anglophone and francophone regions of Cameroon and from neighboring countries such as Nigeria and Equatorial Guinea.

Buea
Buea is the capital of the Southwest Region of Cameroon. The city is located in Fako Division, on the eastern slopes of Mount Cameroon, and has a population of about 47,300 inhabitants as of 2025. It has two Government Hotels, the Mountain Hotel and Parliamentarian Flats Hotel located around The Government Residential Area.
Ernakulam–Kayamkulam coastal line
Ernakulam–Kayamkulam coastal line is a railway line which runs along the coastal areas of Alappuzha, Ernakulam districts in Kerala state of India. The coastal railway line starts as a branch line from Ernakulam Junction railway station towards Alappuzha and joins with the route via Kottayam (Ernakulam–Kottayam–Kayamkulam line) at Kayamkulam Junction. This is the only main track in Kerala yet to be doubled and the single line traffic causes major delays in the route. The coastal line has a total distance of 102 km (63 mi).

Kollam–Sengottai Chord Line
The Kollam–Sengottai railway line (formerly known as Quilon–Shencottah or Quilon–Chenkotta line) is part of Kollam-Chennai railway line in South India that connects Kollam Junction in Kerala state and Sengottai (also spelled Shencottah, Shenkottai, Chengotta, Chenkottai, Senkottai) in Tamil Nadu. The Quilon–Shencottah railway line was the first railway line in the erstwhile Travancore state and is more than a century old. The Kollam–Sengottai section is part of the Kollam–Chennai metre-gauge rail route commissioned by the British in 1904. The line has been completely converted to broad gauge and is now fully operational from Kollam Junction to Shengottai. It is going to be the important cargo transportation line connecting Vizhinjam container port and South Indian States.
Corruption (1968 film)
Corruption is a 1968 British horror film directed by Robert Hartford-Davis and starring Peter Cushing, Sue Lloyd, Noel Trevarthen, Kate O'Mara, David Lodge, and Antony Booth. The screenplay is by Derek Ford and Donald Ford.

The film is a loose riff on the plot of the French horror film Eyes Without a Face (1960) and is notable for its atypical contemporary setting (most of Cushing's Gothic horror films being set in the past) and its extreme (for the time) gore and violence.

Tony Booth (actor)
Anthony George Booth (9 October 1931 – 25 September 2017) was an English actor, often known for his role as Mike Rawlins in the BBC series Till Death Us Do Part. He was the father-in-law of former prime minister Tony Blair and the widower of Coronation Street star Pat Phoenix, having married her a few days before her death in 1986.
Wooyeon
Park Jin-kyung (Korean: 박진경; born February 11, 2003), better known by her stage name  Wooyeon (Korean: 우연), is a South Korean singer and actress. She is a member of the South Korean girl group Wooah, formed by H Music Entertainment in 2020. As an actress, she is known for her roles in the television series Live On (2020) and the web dramas My YouTube Diary 2 (2020) and Revenge of Others (2021).

My YouTube Diary
My YouTube Diary (Korean: 조아서 구독중) is a South Korean web series. It aired on cable network Tooniverse and YouTube channel at 5:00 and 8:00 every Friday on August 9 to November 15, 2019, in the first season. A sequel titled My Mukbang Diary (조아서 먹방중) was premiered on August 7 to September 25, 2020. The second season aired from October 23 to December 11, 2020.
Steeler (American band)
Steeler was an early 1980s American heavy metal band formed in 1981 in Nashville, Tennessee by vocalist Ron Keel. The band released its self-titled sole album on Shrapnel Records in 1983. Soon after, Ron dissolved the band to form his band Keel. Steeler is also notable for featuring then-emerging guitarist Yngwie Malmsteen, who left to form Alcatrazz shortly after the self-titled album and launch a solo career.

Steeler (American band album)
Steeler is the only studio album by the American heavy metal band of the same name, released in 1983. It was largely recorded at Prairie Sun Studios in Cotati, California, about fifty miles north of San Francisco. It was the only album released by the band until a 2005 compilation album released by singer Ron Keel. After the album was released the band broke up. Guitarist Yngwie Malmsteen joined the band Alcatrazz, bassist Rik Fox would form Sin, drummer Mark Edwards signed on with Lion, while Ron Keel would spin off Steeler into Keel.
Quinton Hosley
Quinton Robert Hosley (born March 25, 1984) is an American-born naturalized Georgian professional basketball player for Stelmet Zielona Góra of the Polish Basketball League. He is a 2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) tall swingman.  He is the son of streetball and Rucker Park legend Ron Mathias.

KK Włocławek
Klub Koszykówki Włocławek (English: Basketball Club Włocławek), or known for sponsorship reasons as Anwil Włocławek, is a Polish professional basketball club, based in Włocławek, Poland. The team plays in the Polish Basketball League (PLK) and internationally in the FIBA Europe Cup. Their home arena is Hala Mistrzów.

The club has won the PLK championship three times, in 2003, 2018 and 2019. The club has also won four Polish Cup titles and three Polish Supercup titles. Anwil is the only Polish club in history to have won a European club competition, as they won the FIBA Europe Cup in 2023.
Bob Ostertag
Robert "Bob" Ostertag (born April 19, 1957) is an American musician, writer, and political activist based in San Francisco. He has published seven books, one feature film, a DVD, twenty-six albums, and collaborated with numerous musicians.

Musically, he is known for his politically charged compositions created from found sound (Sooner or Later, All the Rage), his work with synthesizers over 45 years (from Bob Ostertag Plays the Serge 1978-1983 to Wish You Were Here in 2016), and his many collaborations (Anthony Braxton, John Zorn, Fred Frith, Justin Vivian Bond, Shelley Hirsch, and Roscoe Mitchell to name just a few).

In his writing, films, and podcasts, he has addressed LGBTQ issues, poverty, climate change, and technology, from a militant yet non-ideological perspective.

On March 25, 2006, Ostertag made all of his recordings to which he owns the rights available as digital downloads under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.5 license.

Justin Vivian Bond
Justin Vivian Bond (born May 9, 1963) is an American singer-songwriter and actor, who is transgender. Described as "the best cabaret artist of [their] generation" and a "tornado of art and activism", they first achieved prominence under the pseudonym of Kiki DuRane in the stage duo Kiki and Herb, an act born out of a collaboration with long-time co-star Kenny Mellman. With a musical voice self-described as "kind of woody and full with a lot of vibration", Bond is a Tony-nominated (2007) performer who has received GLAAD (2000), Obie (2001), Bessie (2004), Ethyl (2007), and a Foundation for Contemporary Arts Grants to Artists (2012) awards.  In 2024, Bond was named a MacArthur Fellow.
Clymene dolphin
The Clymene dolphin (Stenella clymene), in older texts known as the short-snouted spinner dolphin, is a dolphin endemic to the Atlantic Ocean. It is the only confirmed case of hybrid speciation in marine mammals, descending from the spinner dolphin and the striped dolphin.

Hybrid speciation
Hybrid speciation is a form of speciation where hybridization between two different species leads to a new species, reproductively isolated from the parent species. Previously, reproductive isolation between two species and their parents was thought to be particularly difficult to achieve, and thus hybrid species were thought to be very rare. With DNA analysis becoming more accessible in the 1990s, hybrid speciation has been shown to be a somewhat common phenomenon, particularly in plants. In botanical nomenclature, a hybrid species is also called a nothospecies. Hybrid species are by their nature polyphyletic.
Syvde, Møre og Romsdal
Syvde (or Myklebost) is a village in Vanylven Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The village is located at the end of the Syvdsfjorden about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) east of the municipal center of Fiskå and 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) south of the village of Rovdane.

The 0.76-square-kilometre (190-acre) village had a population (2012) of 393 and a population density of 517 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,340/sq mi). Since 2012, the population and area data for this village area has not been separately tracked by Statistics Norway.

Vanylven Municipality
Vanylven is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the Sunnmøre region. The administrative centre is the village of Fiskå. Other villages in the municipality include Åheim, Åram, Rovdane, Eidså, Slagnes, and Syvde.

The 385-square-kilometre (149 sq mi) municipality is the 240th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vanylven Municipality is the 228th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,026. The municipality's population density is 7.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (20/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 8.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Ahr Hills
The Ahr Hills (German: Ahrgebirge [ˈaːɐ̯ɡəˌbɪʁɡə] or Ahreifel [ˈaːɐ̯ˌʔaɪfl̩]) are a range of low mountains and hills up to 623.8 m above sea level (NHN) and 25 kilometres (16 mi) long in the Eifel region of Germany, which lie roughly southwest of Bonn on the border between the German states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate.

The forested Ahr Hills have numerous tourist destinations (e. g. Aremberg Castle and the Effelsberg Radio Telescope) and the section of a Roman road with its ancient Eifel Aqueduct.

Effelsberg 100-metre Radio Telescope
The Effelsberg 100-metre Radio Telescope is a radio telescope in the Ahr Hills (part of the Eifel) in Bad Münstereifel, Germany. Inaugurated in 1972, for 29 years the Effelsberg Radio Telescope was the largest fully steerable radio telescope on Earth, surpassing the Lovell Telescope in the UK. In 2000, it was surpassed by the Green Bank Observatory's Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope in Green Bank, US, which has a slightly larger elliptical 100-by-110-metre (330 by 360 ft) aperture.
Readers–writer lock
In computer science, a readers–writer (single-writer lock, a multi-reader lock, a push lock, or an MRSW lock) is a synchronization primitive that solves one of the readers–writers problems. An RW lock allows concurrent access for read-only operations, whereas write operations require exclusive access. This means that multiple threads can read the data in parallel but an exclusive lock is needed for writing or modifying data. When a writer is writing the data, all other writers and readers will be blocked until the writer is finished writing. A common use might be to control access to a data structure in memory that cannot be updated atomically and is invalid (and should not be read by another thread) until the update is complete.

Readers–writer locks are usually constructed on top of mutexes and condition variables, or on top of semaphores.

Readers–writers problem
In computer science, the readers–writers problems are examples of a common computing problem in concurrency. There are at least three variations of the problems, which deal with situations in which many concurrent threads of execution try to access the same shared resource at one time.

Some threads may read and some may write, with the constraint that no thread may access the shared resource for either reading or writing while another thread is in the act of writing to it. (In particular, we want to prevent more than one thread modifying the shared resource simultaneously and allow for two or more readers to access the shared resource at the same time). A readers–writer lock is a data structure that solves one or more of the readers–writers problems.

The basic reader–writers problem was first formulated and solved by Courtois et al.
Philippine English vocabulary
As a historical colony of the United States, the Philippine English lexicon shares most of its vocabulary from American English, but also has loanwords from native languages and Spanish, as well as some usages, coinages, and slang peculiar to the Philippines. Some Philippine English usages are borrowed from or shared with British English or Commonwealth English, for various reasons. Due to the influence of the Spanish language, Philippine English also contains Spanish-derived terms, including Anglicizations, some resulting in false friends, such as salvage and viand. Philippine English also borrows words from Philippine languages, especially native plant and animal names (e.g. ampalaya and balimbing), and cultural concepts with no exact English equivalents such as kilig and bayanihan. Some borrowings from Philippine languages have entered mainstream English, such as abaca and ylang-ylang.

Philippine English
Philippine English is a variety of English native to the Philippines, including those used by the media and the vast majority of educated Filipinos and English learners in the Philippines from adjacent Asian countries. English is taught in schools as one of the two official languages of the country, the other being Filipino, a standardized form of Tagalog. Due to the influx of Philippine English teachers overseas, Philippine English is also becoming the prevalent variety of English being learned in East Asia and Southeast Asia as taught by Filipino teachers in various countries such as South Korea, Japan, and Thailand among others. Due to the highly multilingual and bilingual nature of the Philippines, code-switching such as Taglish (Tagalog-infused English) and Bislish (English infused with any of the Bisayan languages) is prevalent across domains from casual settings to formal situations. Philippine English is similar and related to  American English but in nativized form.
The Humane League
The Humane League (THL) is an international nonprofit organization that works to end the abuse of animals raised for food through corporate, media and community outreach. It operates in the United States, Mexico, the UK and Japan. THL promotes plant-based diets, conducts research on the effectiveness of different interventions, and works to obtain animal welfare commitments from companies. It was founded in 2005 in Philadelphia by Nick Cooney.

THL was awarded more than $20 million in grants from the Open Philanthropy Project, and has been one of the top recommendations of Animal Charity Evaluators since 2012.

Coefficient Giving
Coefficient Giving (formerly Open Philanthropy) is an American philanthropic advising and funding organization. Its current CEO is Alexander Berger.

As of June 2025, Coefficient Giving has directed more than $4 billion in grants across a variety of focus areas, including global health, scientific research, pandemic preparedness, potential risks from advanced AI, and farm animal welfare. It chooses focus areas through a process of "strategic cause selection" — looking for problems that are large, tractable, and neglected relative to their size.
Particle detector
In experimental and applied particle physics, nuclear physics, and nuclear engineering, a particle detector, also known as a radiation detector, is a device used to detect, track, and/or identify ionizing particles, such as those produced by nuclear decay, cosmic radiation, or reactions in a particle accelerator. Detectors can measure the particle energy and other attributes such as momentum, spin, charge, particle type, in addition to merely registering the presence of the particle.

Semiconductor detector
In ionizing radiation detection physics, a semiconductor detector is a device that uses a semiconductor (usually silicon or germanium) to measure the effect of incident charged particles or photons.

Semiconductor detectors find broad application for radiation protection, gamma and X-ray spectrometry, and as particle detectors.
Downey High School
Downey High School is one of two senior high schools located in the Los Angeles suburb of Downey, California, and within the Downey Unified School District. It is located at 11040 Brookshire Ave. At the present time the school has an enrollment of about 4340 students, of a variety of racial and ethnic backgrounds and socio-economic levels.

Currently, Tom Houts is the principal. In addition, there are five other administrators, as well as seven full-time counselors. The instruction staff consists of 151 teachers and the operation functions with the assistance of a staff of 85 specialized employees (custodians, secretaries, nurses, security guards, etc.)

Warren High School (Downey, California)
Earl Warren High School is a public secondary school located in Downey, California (United States). Warren High School enrolls students in grades 9-12 and is a part of the Downey Unified School District.
Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, the green ash or red ash, is a species of ash native to eastern and central North America, from Nova Scotia west to southeastern Alberta and eastern Colorado, south to northern Florida, and southwest to Oklahoma and eastern Texas. It has spread and become naturalized in much of the western United States and also in Argentina and Europe, from Spain to Russia.

Other names more rarely used include downy ash, swamp ash, and water ash.

Ulmus americana
Ulmus americana, generally known as the American elm or, less commonly, as the white elm or water elm, is a species of elm native to eastern North America. The trees can live for several hundred years. It is a very hardy species that can withstand low winter temperatures.  The American elm was once exceptionally common as a street tree, its tolerance of urban conditions making it a popular choice to line American streets in the 19th and early 20th centuries.  The coming of beetles bearing Dutch elm disease devastated the American elm population, starting in the 1920s.  The species still holds out in some locations, but is also no longer nearly as common as during its height.

The wood was seldom utilized until the advent of mechanical sawing. It is the state tree of Massachusetts and North Dakota.
Iraca
The iraca, sometimes spelled iraka, was the ruler and high priest of Sugamuxi in the confederation of the Muisca who inhabited the Altiplano Cundiboyacense; the central highlands of the Colombian Andes. Iraca can also refer to the Iraka Valley over which they ruled. Important scholars who wrote about the iraca were Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita, Alexander von Humboldt and Ezequiel Uricoechea.

Sogamoso
Sogamoso (Spanish pronunciation: [soɣaˈmoso]) is a city in the department of Boyacá of Colombia. It is the capital of the Sugamuxi Province, named after the original Sugamuxi. Sogamoso is nicknamed "City of the Sun", based on the original Muisca tradition of pilgrimage and adoring their Sun god Sué at the Sun Temple. The city is located at an altitude of 2,569 metres (8,428 ft) on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense in the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes.
Last Chance, Colorado
Last Chance is an unincorporated town in Washington County, Colorado, United States.  Last Chance is situated at the intersection of U.S. Highway 36 and State Highway 71 in a sparsely populated area of northeastern Colorado.  The town was supposedly so named because it was once the only place for travelers to secure fuel and provisions for many miles in any direction.  The U.S. Post Office at Woodrow (ZIP Code 80757) now serves Last Chance postal addresses.

Hee Haw saluted Last Chance, Colorado (pop. 25) on Nov 16, 1974.

Washington County, Colorado
Washington County is a county located in the eastern side of the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,817, making it the least populous "Washington County" in the United States. The county seat is Akron. The county was named in honor of the United States President George Washington.