hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Florida Midland Railroad (current)
The Florida Midland Railroad Company, Inc. (reporting mark FMID) is one of several short line railroads operated by Regional Rail, LLC in Florida (along with the Florida Central Railroad and the Florida Northern Railroad).  The Florida Midland Railroad operates two former CSX Transportation railroad lines including their former Lake Wales Subdivision (running from West Lake Wales to Frostproof), and their former Bartow Subdivision (from Winter Haven to a point just northwest of Bartow).  It once had a third line from Wildwood to Leesburg that is now mostly abandoned.  Florida Midland Railroad began operating the lines in 1987 and uses locomotives branded for the Florida Central Railroad, its sister railroad.

In November 2019, former owner Pinsly Railroad Company sold the Florida Midland, along with the Florida Central Railroad and Florida Northern Railroad, to 3i RR Holdings GP, LLC and subsidiaries (d.b.a. "Regional Rail, LLC").

Florida Northern Railroad (current)
The Florida Northern Railroad Company, Inc. (reporting mark FNOR) is one of several short line railroads run by Regional Rail, LLC. It has connections to CSX at Ocala, Florida, running north to Lowell, Florida, and south to Candler, Florida. It was formerly run by CSX as their Ocala Subdivision.

The railroad also operates lines connecting to CSX in Newberry, Florida, running south to the Crystal River Energy Complex in Red Level, Florida, just north of Crystal River. This line was formerly CSX's West Coast Subdivision and Red Level Subdivision.  Long coal trains are still pulled by CSX locomotives on this branch while local traffic still uses the Pinsly Red with Yellow locomotives.
Lundin Mining
Lundin Mining Corporation, headquartered in Vancouver, owns and operates mines that produce base metals such as gold, silver, copper, and nickel. The company's major properties are the copper mines of Candelaria and Caserones in Atacama Region, Chile, the Chyapada gold-silver-copper mine in Goiás, Brazil and the Eagle nickel-copper mine in Michigan, United States. Besides productive mines Lundin Mining owns a 50% interest in the exploratory projects of Filo del Sol and Josemaria near the Argentina–Chile border in partnership with BHP. Approximately 15.4% of the company is owned by affiliates of the billionaire Lundin family.

Chapada mine
The Chapada mine is one of the larger gold mines in Brazil, and in the world.

The mine is located in Goiás state, in the central part of Brazil.

The mine has estimated reserves of 6 million oz of gold and 3.8 million oz of silver. In a transaction between two Canadian mining companies, Yamana Gold announced the sale of the Chapada mine to Lundin Mining on the 15th of April 2019.
Emporium (Bangkok)
Emporium is a luxury shopping mall in Khlong Toei District, Bangkok, Thailand. It opened on 27 July 1997. It is owned and operated by The Mall Group, who also operate the EmQuartier and Siam Paragon malls in Bangkok.

It is on Sukhumvit Road at Sukhumvit Soi 24 beside Benchasiri Park. It is connected directly to the Phrom Phong Station on the Sukhumvit Line of the BTS Skytrain by a footbridge.

Emporium is a major component of the "EM District" and contains a shopping mall, department store, a luxury cinema "Emprivé Cineclub by SF Corporation", a high-end supermarket, food court, office building, exhibition hall, children's play centres and a hotel. Emporium is a popular hub for entertainment, food, and education for local residents and visitors.

Siam Paragon
Siam Paragon (Thai: สยามพารากอน) is a shopping mall in Bangkok, Thailand. It is one of the largest malls in Thailand, along with Iconsiam, CentralWorld and Central WestGate. It is located right in front of Siam BTS station, an interchange station on both Sukhumvit Line and Silom Line of the BTS Skytrain.

Siam Paragon includes a range of specialty stores and restaurants as well as a multiplex (16 large-screen cinemas), the Sea Life Bangkok Ocean World aquarium, an exhibition hall, the Thai Art Gallery, and an opera concert hall. It also has a bowling alley and karaoke center. It is a joint venture by Siam Piwat, the company that owns the adjacent Siam Center/Siam Discovery shopping malls, and The Mall Group, which owns The Emporium. Siam Paragon's financial results are not reported by the privately held Siam Paragon Development.
Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Lviv
The Archeparchy of Lviv is an ecclesiastical territory or ecclesiastical province of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church — a particular Eastern Catholic Church, that is located in Ukraine. It was erected in 1807. As a metropolitan see, it has three suffragan sees: Stryi, Sambir-Drohobych, and Sokal–Zhovkva. The incumbent Metropolitan Archbishop is Ihor Vozniak. The cathedral church of the archeparchy is St. George's in the city of Lviv.

Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Sambir–Drohobych
The Eparchy of Sambir – Drohobych is an eparchy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, in the ecclesiastical province of Kyiv-Halych.

The first eparch was Yulian Voronovskyi, M.S.U., who was appointed to this position by Pope John Paul II on 30 March 1994, having previously been as Archiepiscopal Administrator of the eparchy from its inception in 1993.

Eparch Yaroslav Pryriz C.S.S.R., who had been Coadjutor Bishop of the Eparchy, became Eparch when Sviatoslav Shevchuk, Major Archbishop of Kyiv-Halych (Kyiv), Ukraine, with the consent of the Permanent Synod meeting in Curitiba, Brazil, on Saturday, 10 September 2011, and having informed the Apostolic See, accepted the resignation of Eparch Voronovskyi.
Four Northern Banks
Four Northern Banks (Chinese: 北四行) referred to the four most capitalized commercial banks in the north of the Yangtze River in the Republic of China in the 1920s, in contrast to the Three Southern Banks (南三行) of Southern China.

The four banks were the Yien Yieh Commercial Bank (鹽業銀行), the Kincheng Banking Corporation (金城銀行), the Continental Bank (大陸銀行) and the China & South Sea Bank (中南銀行).

Three Southern Banks
Three Southern Banks (Chinese: 南三行) referred to the three most capitalized commercial banks in the south of Yangtze River in the Republic of China in the 1920s, in contrast to the Four Northern Banks (北四行) of Northern China. With their headquarters in Shanghai, the three banks cooperated to form the group.

The three banks were The National Commercial Bank (浙江興業銀行), the Chekiang Industrial Bank (浙江實業銀行) and the Shanghai Commercial and Savings Bank (上海商業儲蓄銀行).
Boat lift
A boat lift, ship lift, or lift lock is a machine for transporting boats between water at two different elevations, and is an alternative to the canal lock.

It may be vertically moving, like the Anderton boat lift in England, rotational, like the Falkirk Wheel in Scotland, or operate on an inclined plane, like the Ronquières inclined plane in Belgium.

Canal inclined plane
An inclined plane is a type of boat lift cable railway used on some canals for raising boats between different water levels. Boats may be conveyed afloat, in caissons, or may be carried in cradles or slings.
Maidstone West railway station
Maidstone West railway station is one of three railway stations which serve the town of Maidstone, in Kent, England. It is on the Medway Valley Line, 42 miles 36 chains (68.3 km) from London Charing Cross via Strood and situated between Maidstone Barracks and East Farleigh. The station and all trains serving it are operated by Southeastern.

Strood railway station
Strood railway station serves the town of Strood in Medway, England. It is on the North Kent Line and is also a terminus of the Medway Valley Line. It is 31 miles 11 chains (50.1 km) down the line from London Charing Cross.

Train services are operated by Southeastern and Thameslink.
Gerry Roxas
Gerardo Manuel de Leon Roxas Sr. (Tagalog pronunciation: [ˈɾɔhas]; August 25, 1924 – April 19, 1982), better known as Gerry Roxas, was a Filipino lawyer and politician. As a representative of the 1st District of Capiz (1957 to 1963) and, later, as a Senator of the Republic of the Philippines (1963 to 1972), Gerry Roxas sponsored legislation that benefited the masses, improved living conditions, provided employment and family income and in general, promoted equitable sharing in the wealth of the nation. He also wrote many bills of national importance and was consistently voted by the Philippines Free Press and other national publications as one of the outstanding Senators of the Philippines. He was one of two children of former Philippine President Manuel Roxas and Trinidad de Leon-Roxas. He was the father of Gerardo "Dinggoy" A. Roxas, Jr. and former Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) Secretary Manuel "Mar" A. Roxas II.

Trinidad de Leon-Roxas
Trinidad de Leon-Roxas (née de Leon y Roura;  October 4, 1900 – June 20, 1995) was the wife of Philippine President Manuel Roxas and the fifth First Lady of the Philippines. They were married in 1921 and had two children, Ruby and Gerardo (Gerry).

A native of San Miguel, Bulacan, De León-Roxas was the daughter of Ceferino de Leon, who was a member of the Malolos Congress and senator. She was also a beauty pageant contestant, having been crowned Carnival Queen (Queen of the Orient) at the Manila Carnival in 1920.

As the country's first lady during the post-war years, De León-Roxas got involved in various charitable organizations such as the White Cross and the Girl Scouts of the Philippines and restored the annual Malacañang Christmas gift-giving begun prior to World War II. The annual gift-giving has become a tradition to this day.

De León-Roxas died on June 20, 1995.
Clisura Dunării
Defileul Dunării, also locally known as Clisura Dunării (Serbian: Банатска Клисура / Banatska Klisura) is a geographical region in Romania. It is located in southern Banat, along the northern bank of the river Danube. Clisura Dunării is situated between river Nera in the west, and Gura Văii or Cazanele Dunării in the east.

The area includes the municipality of Orșova and the town of Moldova Nouă, as well as several communes (Socol, Pojejena, Coronini, Gârnic, Sichevița, Berzasca, Svinița, Dubova, Eșelnița, Ilovița, and Breznița-Ocol).

Socol
Socol (Romanian: Socol, Serbian: Соколовац / Sokolovac, Hungarian: Nérasolymos) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Romania (in the Clisura Dunării area of Banat). It is composed of five villages: Baziaș (Базјаш, Báziás), Câmpia (Луговет, Néramező), Pârneaura (Прњавор), Socol, and Zlatița (Златица, Néraaranyos).

Sokol means "falcon" in Serbian. The commune is officially bilingual, with both Romanian and Serbian being used as working languages on public signage and in administration, education, and justice.
Druids United F.C.
Druids United F.C. were a football club based in village of Cefn Mawr, Wrexham Wales. The club was formed in August 1927 as after the amalgamation between Druids F.C. and Acrefair United F.C..

The club played at two previous grounds before redeveloping a site in the heart of Cefn Mawr, known as Plaskynaston Lane, where football is still being played by the successor club Cefn Druids A.F.C.
(This is incorrect as the ground is now a Tesco. Cefn Druids play at The Rock in Cefn Mawr).

Druids F.C.
Druids F.C. were a football club based in the village of Ruabon near Wrexham, Wales. The club was founded in October 1872 as Ruabon Rovers F.C. by David Thomson and his brother, George, of Ruabon. In 1874 the club became Plasmadoc F.C. before changing their name to Druids F.C. in 1876.

Druids are notable as becoming the first Welsh club to enter the English FA Cup and Birmingham & District League and winning the Welsh Cup eight times.

Their traditional home was Wynnstay Park on the Wynnstay Estate, and their traditional colours were white shirts, black shorts with either black and cerise or simply black socks.
Eurico Guterres
Eurico Barros Gomes Guterres (born 4 July 1969) is an Indonesian anti-Timorese independence militiaman who was recruited by the Indonesian military during East Timor's bid for independence between 1999 and 2000. He was involved in several massacres in East Timor, and was a chief militia leader during the post-independence massacres and destruction of the capital Dili.

Indonesia officially convicted and sentenced Guterres to ten years imprisonment in November 2002, for which he was incarcerated in 2006 until 2008. In August 2003 he formed Laskar Merah Putih (The Red and White Warriors) in Indonesian Papua.

Elsham leader Aloysius Renwarin reported Guterres had 200 members consisting of Indonesian expatriates from Maluku, Timor and Sulawesi in December 2003 when Guterres requested the local government to provide his organisation offices in Timika, Papua.

Pro-Indonesia militia
Pro-Indonesia militias in East Timor, commonly known as Wanra (Indonesian: Perlawanan Rakyat), were active in the final years of the Indonesian occupation leading up to the 1999 independence referendum. They were groups of armed civilians trained by the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) to maintain peace and order in their region on official orders. The Indonesian Constitution of 1945 and the Defence Law of 1988 stipulate that civilians have the right and duty to defend the state by receiving basic military training.
Axiom A
In mathematics, Smale's axiom A defines a class of dynamical systems which have been extensively studied and whose dynamics is relatively well understood. A prominent example is the Smale horseshoe map. The term "axiom A" originates with Stephen Smale.  The importance of such systems is demonstrated by the chaotic hypothesis, which states that, 'for all practical purposes', a many-body thermostatted system is approximated by an Anosov system.

Anosov diffeomorphism
In mathematics, more particularly in the fields of dynamical systems and geometric topology, an Anosov map on a manifold M is a certain type of mapping, from M to itself, with rather clearly marked local directions of "expansion" and "contraction". Anosov systems are a special case of Axiom A systems.

Anosov diffeomorphisms were introduced by Dmitri Victorovich Anosov, who proved that their behaviour was in an appropriate sense generic (when they exist at all).
Pat Metheny Group
The Pat Metheny Group was an American jazz fusion band founded in 1977 by guitarist and composer Pat Metheny, along with his core collaborating partner, pianist, keyboardist and composer Lyle Mays. Other long-standing members included bassist and producer Steve Rodby from 1981 to 2010, and drummer Paul Wertico from 1983 to 2001, after which Antonio Sanchez became the drummer from 2002 to 2010. Vocalist and multi-instrumentalist Pedro Aznar was also a long-time member, performing with the group from 1984 to 1993. In addition to a core quartet, the group was often joined by a variety of other multi-instrumentalists expanding the size to between five and eight musicians.

Pat Metheny
Patrick Bruce Metheny (/məˈθiːni/ məth-EE-nee; born August 12, 1954) is an American jazz guitarist and composer.

He was the leader of the Pat Metheny Group (1977–2010) and continues to work in various small-combo, duet, and solo settings, as well as other side projects. His style incorporates elements of progressive and contemporary jazz, latin jazz, and jazz fusion. He has three gold albums and 20 Grammy Awards, and is the only person to have won Grammys in 10 categories.
Magoula, Attica
Magoula (Greek: Μαγούλα) is a suburban town of Athens and former community (pop. 4,992 in 2011) of West Attica, located in the Thriasio Plain. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Elefsina, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 18.134 km2.

Magoula is located 2 km east of Mandra, 5 km north of Elefsina and 21 km northwest of central Athens. The municipal unit of Magoúla also includes the village of Néos Póntos. Magoula is served by a station on the Athens Airport–Patras railway. The A6 motorway runs southeast of the town.

Elefsina
Elefsina (Greek: Ελευσίνα, romanized: Elefsína) or Eleusis (/ɛˈljuːsɪs/ eh-LEW-siss; Ancient Greek: Ἐλευσίς, romanized: Eleusís) is a suburban city and a municipality within the Athens metropolitan area in Attica, Greece. It is located in the Thriasio Plain, at the northernmost end of the Saronic Gulf, in the regional unit of West Attica. North of Elefsina are the towns of Mandra and Magoula, while Aspropyrgos is to the northeast.

It is the site of the Eleusinian Mysteries and the birthplace of Aeschylus.  Today, Elefsina is a major industrial centre, with the largest oil refinery in Greece as well as the home of the Aeschylia Festival, the longest-lived arts event in the Attica Region. On 11 November 2016, Elefsina was named the European Capital of Culture for 2021, which became effective in 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic postponement.
Expected loss
Expected loss is the sum of the values of all possible losses, each multiplied by the probability of that loss occurring.

In bank lending (homes, autos, credit cards, commercial lending, etc.) the expected loss on a loan varies over time for a number of reasons. Most loans are repaid over time and therefore have a declining outstanding amount to be repaid. Additionally, loans are typically backed up by pledged collateral whose value changes differently over time vs. the outstanding loan value.

Three factors are relevant in analyzing expected loss:

Probability of default (PD)

Exposure at default (EAD)

Loss given default (LGD)

Probability of default
Probability of default (PD) is a financial term describing the likelihood of a default over a particular time horizon. It provides an estimate of the likelihood that a borrower will be unable to meet its debt obligations.

PD is used in a variety of credit analyses and risk management frameworks. Under Basel II, it is a key parameter used in the calculation of economic capital or regulatory capital for a banking institution.

PD is closely linked to the expected loss, which is defined as the product of the PD, the loss given default (LGD) and the exposure at default (EAD).
Guardians of the Globe
The Guardians of the Globe is a superhero team in American comic books published by Image Comics. They appear primarily in the comic book series Invincible and its television series adaptation, as well as the Image Universe comic book series Brit, Noble Causes, Dynamo 5, and Guarding the Globe. The original team was a parody of DC Comics' Justice League of America.

Brit (character)
Brit is a superhero appearing in comic books published by Image Comics. He first appeared in Brit (July 2003), and was created by Robert Kirkman and Tony Moore.

Brit supporting character, Donald Ferguson, saw his Brit storyline adapted to the second season of the Amazon Prime Video adult animated superhero series Invincible, while Brit himself would appear in the series' third season, voiced by Jonathan Banks.
Sidney Rowlatt
Sir Sidney Arthur Taylor Rowlatt, KCSI, PC (20 July 1862 – 1 March 1945) was a British barrister and judge, remembered in part for his presidency of the sedition committee that bore his name, created in 1918 by the imperial government to subjugate and control the independence movement in British India, especially Bengal and the Punjab. The committee gave rise to the Rowlatt Act, an extension of the Defence of India Act 1915.

Rowlatt Committee
The Sedition Committee, usually known as the Rowlatt Committee, was a committee of inquiry appointed in 1917 by the British Indian Government with Sidney Rowlatt, an Anglo-Egyptian judge, as its president, charged with evaluating the threat posed to British rule by the revolutionary movement and determining the legal changes necessary to deal with it.
Hundred Days Offensive
The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was a series of massive Allied offensives that ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed the Imperial German Army back, undoing its gains from the German spring offensive (21 March – 18 July).

The Germans retreated to the Hindenburg Line, but the Allies broke through the line with a series of victories, starting with the Battle of St Quentin Canal on 29 September. The offensive led directly to the Armistice of 11 November 1918 which ended the war with an Allied victory. The term "Hundred Days Offensive" does not refer to a planned Allied campaign, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories.

Battle of Amiens (1918)
The Battle of Amiens, also known as the Third Battle of Picardy  was the opening phase of the Allied offensive which began on 8 August 1918, later known as the Hundred Days Offensive, which ultimately led to the end of World War I. Allied forces advanced over 11 kilometres (7 mi) on the first day, one of the greatest advances of the war, with Gen Henry Rawlinson's British Fourth Army, with nine of its 19 divisions supplied by the fast-moving Australian Corps of Lt General John Monash and Canadian Corps of Lt General Arthur Currie, and Gen Marie Eugène Debeney's French First Army playing a decisive role. The battle is also notable for its effects on both sides' morale and the large number of surrendering German forces. This led Erich Ludendorff to later describe the first day of the battle as "the black day of the German Army". Amiens was one of the first major battles involving armoured warfare.
Seekonk, Massachusetts
Seekonk is a town in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States, on the Massachusetts border with Rhode Island. It was incorporated in 1812 from the western half of Rehoboth.  The population was 15,531 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of North Seekonk. In 1862, under a U.S. Supreme Court decision resolving a longstanding border dispute between Massachusetts and Rhode Island, a portion of Tiverton, Rhode Island was awarded to Massachusetts to become part of Fall River, while two-thirds of Seekonk (now eastern Pawtucket and East Providence) was awarded to Rhode Island.

Rehoboth, Massachusetts
Rehoboth is a historic town in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. Established in 1643, Rehoboth is one of the oldest towns in Massachusetts. The population was 12,502 at the 2020 census. Rehoboth is a mostly rural community with many historic sites, including 53 historic cemeteries.
1st Marine Regiment (Sweden)
59°04′40″N 18°07′59″E﻿ / ﻿59.077889°N 18.133167°E﻿ / 59.077889; 18.133167

The 1st Marine Regiment (Swedish: Stockholms amfibieregemente, Amf 1) is a marine regiment of the Swedish Amphibious Corps based at the Berga Naval Base in Berga, Haninge Municipality. Raised from the Vaxholm Coastal Artillery Regiment (KA 1) in 2000 when the Swedish Amphibious Corps was formed, the 1st Marine Regiment has a large geographical spread where units are trained and grouped at Berga, south of Stockholm, in Gothenburg and in Gotland. Although the unit's natural combat environment is coastal zones, river deltas and other amphibious areas, the unit has the ability to operate in all types of terrain, such as desert. The 1st Marine Regiment has participated in operations in, for example, Kosovo, Gulf of Aden, Chad and Afghanistan.

Berga Naval Base
59°05′N 18°08′E﻿ / ﻿59.08°N 18.14°E﻿ / 59.08; 18.14
Berga Naval Base (Swedish: Berga örlogsbas) is a naval base of the Swedish Navy located in the Hårsfjärden fjard near Berga, Haninge Municipality. Today it is the home of the 4th Naval Warfare Flotilla, the 1st Marine Regiment and Home Guard unit Södertörn Group (Södertörnsgruppen).