hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Herzogenrath
Herzogenrath (Ripuarian: Herzeroa; Limburgish: Hertseraoj; Dutch: 's-Hertogenrade) is a municipality in the district of Aachen in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It borders the Dutch town of Kerkrade, the national border in one section running along the middle of a main road and even directly through the centre of the cross-border Eurode office complex.

Kerkrade dialect
Kerkrade dialect (natively Kirchröadsj plat [ˈkeʁəçˌʁœətʃ ˈplɑt] or simply Kirchröadsj, literally 'Kerkradish', Limburgish: Kirkräödsj [ˈkɪʀ(ə)kˌʀœːtʃ], Standard Dutch: Kerkraads, Standard German: (die) Mundart von Kerkrade meaning (the) dialect of Kerkrade) is a Ripuarian dialect spoken in Kerkrade and its surroundings, including Herzogenrath in Germany. It is spoken in all social classes, but the variety spoken by younger people in Kerkrade is somewhat closer to Standard Dutch.

The name Ripuarisch is strictly a scientific term on both sides of the border.
Especially on the Dutch side of the border, the speakers of the Kerkrade dialect consider it to be a Limburgish dialect (see Southeast Limburgish dialect) and call it Limburgsj [ˈlembøʁəçʃ] ('Limburgish'), Kirchröadsj ('Kerkradish') or simply plat ('dialect').
Carding
In textile production, carding is a mechanical process that disentangles, cleans and intermixes fibres to produce a continuous web or sliver suitable for subsequent processing. This is achieved by passing the fibres between differentially moving surfaces covered with "card clothing", a firm flexible material embedded with metal pins. It breaks up locks and unorganised clumps of fibre and then aligns the individual fibres to be parallel with each other. In preparing wool fibre for spinning, carding is the step that comes after teasing.

The word is derived from the Latin carduus meaning thistle or teasel, as dried vegetable teasels were first used to comb the raw wool before technological advances led to the use of machines.

Spinning (textiles)
Spinning is a twisting technique to form yarn from fibers. The fiber intended is drawn out, twisted, and wound onto a bobbin. A few popular fibers that are spun into yarn other than cotton, which is the most popular, are viscose (the most common form of rayon), animal fibers such as wool, and synthetic polyester. Originally done by hand using a spindle whorl, starting in the 500s AD the spinning wheel became the predominant spinning tool across Asia and Europe. The spinning jenny and spinning mule, invented in the late 1700s, made mechanical spinning far more efficient than spinning by hand, and especially made cotton manufacturing one of the most important industries of the Industrial Revolution.
Herman Potočnik
Herman Potočnik (pseudonym Hermann Noordung; Pola, 22 December 1892 – Vienna, 27 August 1929) was an Austro-Hungarian Army officer, electrical engineer and astronautics theorist of Slovenian origin. He is regarded as an early theorist of modern space flight and is remembered mainly for his work concerning the long-term human habitation of space.

Pula
Pula, also known as Pola, its Italian name, is the largest city in Istria County, western Croatia, and the seventh-largest city in the country, situated at the southern tip of the Istrian peninsula in western Croatia, with a population of 52,220 in 2021. It is known for its multitude of ancient Roman buildings, the most famous of which is the Pula Arena, one of the best preserved Roman amphitheaters. The city has a long tradition of wine making, fishing, shipbuilding, and tourism. It was the administrative centre of Istria from ancient Roman times until superseded by Pazin in 1991.
Shigella sonnei
Shigella sonnei is a species of Shigella. Together with Shigella flexneri, it is responsible for 90% of shigellosis cases. Shigella sonnei is named for the Danish bacteriologist Carl Olaf Sonne.  It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, nonmotile, non-spore-forming bacterium.

Shigella
Shigella is a genus of bacteria that is Gram negative, facultatively anaerobic, non–spore-forming, nonmotile, rod shaped, and is genetically nested within Escherichia coli. The genus is named after Kiyoshi Shiga, who discovered it in 1897.

Shigella causes disease in primates, but not in other mammals; it is the causative agent of human shigellosis. It is only naturally found in humans and gorillas. During infection, it typically causes dysentery.

Shigella is a leading cause of bacterial diarrhea worldwide, with 80–165 million annual cases (estimated) and 74,000 to 600,000 deaths. It is one of the top four pathogens that cause moderate-to-severe diarrhea in African and South Asian children.
Beat Happening
Beat Happening was an American indie pop band formed in Olympia, Washington in 1982. Calvin Johnson, Heather Lewis, and Bret Lunsford were the band's continual members. Beat Happening were early leaders in the American indie pop and slacker rock movements as well as pioneers of twee pop, noted for their playful disregard for the technical aspects of musicianship that contributed to lo-fi music, and songwriting with carefree and coy themes.

Heather Lewis (musician)
Heather Lewis (born 1962) is an American multi-instrumentalist and founding member of Beat Happening. Prior to her work with Beat Happening, Lewis was a member of the Supreme Cool Beings, who are notable for having the first ever release on K Records, 1982's Survival of the Coolest. She appeared as a guest vocalist on several songs from Land of the Loops, as well as the Wedding Present's album Watusi.
Friars Aylesbury
Friars Aylesbury is a music club that runs in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England. It opened in 1969 but closed down twice, once in 1970 for a period of nine months and again in 1984 for a period of twenty-five years. Friars Aylesbury reopened in June 2009 to tie in with its fortieth anniversary.

Friars Aylesbury ran as a music club in the market town of Aylesbury in Buckinghamshire between 1969 and 1984 in three distinct phases denoted by the venue in the town. Over these fifteen years, there were various trials and tribulations which saw Friars close to bankruptcy more than once but it survived and presented the best artists of its day and is acknowledged as being heavily responsible for the subsequent success of such artists as David Bowie, Genesis, Wishbone Ash, Mott the Hoople, Cockney Rebel, Sailor, Stackridge, Stiff Little Fingers, Marillion and more.

Aylesbury
Aylesbury (/ˈeɪlzbəri/ AYLZ-bər-ee or /ˈɛlzbri/ ELLZ-bree) is the county town of Buckinghamshire, England. It is home to the Roald Dahl Children's Gallery and the Waterside Theatre.  There is also one of the largest independent Arts Centre in the UK, the Queens Park Arts Centre which recently received the King's Award for Voluntary Service. It is located in central Buckinghamshire, midway between High Wycombe and Milton Keynes.

In 2011 its urban area had a population of 94,238 The housing target for the town is set to grow with 16,000 homes set to be built by 2033.
Kharar, SAS Nagar
Kharar is a town and a municipal council in Mohali district in the state of Punjab, India. It is nearby Mohali city. Kharar is located at 30°44′N 76°39′E﻿ / ﻿30.74°N 76.65°E﻿ / 30.74; 76.65 and has an average elevation of 309 metres (1,014 feet). The area of Kharar is part of the "Greater Mohali" region.

A 1904 Punjab States Gazetteer lists Kharar among the Taoni Rajputs' chhats (principal villages).

Mohali district
Mohali district, officially known as Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar district or SAS Nagar district, is one of the twenty three districts of Punjab, a state in north-west India. 
It was formed in April 2006 and is 18th district of Punjab, created next to Pathankot district. This district was carved out of areas falling in Ropar and Patiala District. It is situated next to the union territory of Chandigarh, Ambala and Panchkula districts of Haryana.

The district is officially named after Sahibzada Ajit Singh, the eldest son of Guru Gobind Singh.
Capital Beltway (Harrisburg)
The Capital Beltway is a beltway surrounding Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, in the United States.  It is co-designated as Interstate 81 (I-81), I-83, U.S. Route 11 (US 11), US 322, and Pennsylvania Route 581 (PA 581) at various locations along the route. The beltway is primarily located in the suburbs of Harrisburg on both sides of the Susquehanna River; however, part of its southern leg passes along the southern edge of downtown.  The southern section of the highway is named the Harrisburg Expressway.  Officially designated in 1997, the Beltway is an assemblage of several freeways built over the preceding 45 years.

U.S. Route 322 in Pennsylvania
U.S. Route 322 (US 322) is a spur of US 22, running from Cleveland, Ohio, east to Atlantic City, New Jersey. In the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, the route runs from the Ohio state line in West Shenango Township southeast to the Commodore Barry Bridge over the Delaware River in Chester, at which point the route crosses into New Jersey, meeting the New Jersey Turnpike at exit 2.  The route passes near or through several cities, including Meadville, DuBois, State College, and Harrisburg. US 322 in Pennsylvania is named the 28th Division Highway in honor of the 28th Infantry Division.
Othon Mataragas
OTHON, a.k.a. Othon Mataragas, is a London-based Greek composer, pianist, songwriter, producer, DJ and club promoter. He is mostly known for combining classically infused composition with electronic productions and experimental songwriting. Apart from his solo work, he has collaborated with notable artists such as Wolfgang Tillmans, Marc Almond, David Tibet (of Current 93), Peter Christopherson (of Throbbing Gristle, Coil & Psychic TV), Ron Athey, Ernesto Tomasini and Dan Hillier.

David Tibet
David Tibet (born David Michael Bunting; 5 March 1960) is an English musician, poet and songwriter. He is best known as the founder and sole constant member of the neofolk group Current 93, as well as for his contributions to the band Death in June.
Sinatra at the Sands
Sinatra at the Sands is a live album by Frank Sinatra accompanied by Count Basie and his orchestra, and conducted and arranged by Quincy Jones, recorded live in the Copa Room of the former Sands Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas in 1966.

It was Sinatra's first live album to be commercially released, and contains many definitive readings of the songs that are most readily associated with Sinatra.

Sinatra and Basie had previously collaborated on 1962's Sinatra-Basie and 1964's It Might As Well Be Swing, with both albums released on Sinatra's Reprise label. The album was remixed and remastered and released in DVD-Audio in high-resolution stereo and multi-channel surround in 2003. An alternate version of the same show with a slightly different track list was released in November 2006 as part of the box set Sinatra: Vegas. The album is certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.

In 2000 it was voted number 461 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums.

Count Basie Orchestra
The Count Basie Orchestra is a 16- to 18-piece big band, one of the most prominent jazz performing groups of the swing era, founded by Count Basie in 1935 and recording regularly from 1936. Despite a brief disbandment at the beginning of the 1950s, the band survived long past the big band era itself and the death of Basie in 1984. It continues under the direction of trumpeter Scotty Barnhart.

Originally including such musicians as Buck Clayton and Lester Young in the line-up, the band in the 1950s and 1960s made use of the work of the arrangers Neal Hefti and Sammy Nestico with featured musicians such as Thad Jones and Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis.
Mimetite
Mimetite is a lead arsenate chloride mineral (Pb5(AsO4)3Cl) which forms as a secondary mineral in lead deposits, usually by the oxidation of galena and arsenopyrite. The name derives from the Greek Μιμητής mimetes, meaning "imitator" and refers to mimetite's resemblance to the mineral pyromorphite. This resemblance is not coincidental, as mimetite forms a mineral series with pyromorphite (Pb5(PO4)3Cl) and with vanadinite (Pb5(VO4)3Cl). Notable occurrences are Mapimi, Durango, Mexico, and Tsumeb, Namibia.

Tsumeb
Tsumeb (Otjiherero: Okavisume; Khoekhoe: ǂAixorobes) is a town of around 35,000 inhabitants and the largest town and the former capital of the Oshikoto region in northern Namibia.

Tsumeb, since its founding in 1905, has been primarily a mining town. The town is the site of a deep mine (the lower workings now closed) whose ore deposits with respect to variety, rarity and aesthetics of minerals have been listed among 100 geological heritage sites around the world by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS).
Monterosa Ski
The Monterosa Ski is an Italian ski resort, at the foot of Monte Rosa the second tallest mountain in the Alps, which links three valleys, located largely in the Aosta Valley and the remainder in Piedmont. Much of the area consists of easy and intermediate skiing, but the area around the Passo dei Salati and especially the steep slopes in Alagna Valsesia are a major and very famous destination for freeride skiers and snow-boarders.

Alagna Valsesia
Alagna Valsesia (Walser German: Im Land, Piedmontese: Alagna, Valsesiano: Lagna) is a comune and small village high in the Valsesia alpine valley in the province of Vercelli, Piedmont, northern Italy, a UNESCO World heritage site since 2013. It is a tourist place for mountaineering and winter sports, and it is internationally renowned for the freeride off-piste skiing. It is also the traditional starting point for the Margherita Hut climb, at 4,554 metres (14,941 ft) above sea level, the highest building in Europe. It was originally settled by Walser at the beginning of the 12th century. It is located at an elevation of 1,191 metres (3,907 ft) just south of the Monte Rosa, elevation 4,638 metres (15,217 ft) (the second tallest peak in the Alps); It is very close to Milan (130 kilometres (81 mi)) and to the international Milan–Malpensa Airport (106 kilometres (66 mi)).

Since December 2005 a  cable car connects Alagna with Gressoney (AO) through the Passo dei Salati.
CP-135807
CP-135807 is a pyrrolidinylmethylindole and cyclized tryptamine derivative which acts as a potent and selective agonist for the 5-HT1D serotonin receptor, and is used to study the function of this receptor subtype.

Pyrrolidinylmethylindole
Pyrrolidinylmethylindoles, or 3-(pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl)-1H-indoles, also known as α,N-trimethylenetryptamines, are a group of cyclized tryptamines in which the amine has been cyclized with the α position of the ethyl side chain via a propyl group to form a pyrrolidine ring. They include the psychedelic and related compounds MPMI, 4-HO-MPMI (lucigenol), 5-F-MPMI, and 5-MeO-MPMI and the triptans and related compounds eletriptan and CP-135807. Pyrrolidinylmethylindoles are known to act as serotonin receptor agonists, including of the serotonin 5-HT1 and/or 5-HT2 receptors.

MSP-2020 is also a pyrrolidinylmethylindole, though its specific chemical structure has not been disclosed and is unclear.
Horizontal coordinate system
The horizontal coordinate system is a celestial coordinate system that uses the observer's local horizon as the fundamental plane to define two angles of a spherical coordinate system: altitude and azimuth.
Therefore, the horizontal coordinate system is sometimes called the az/el system, the alt/az system, or the alt-azimuth system, among others. In an altazimuth mount of a telescope, the instrument's two axes follow altitude and azimuth.

Spherical coordinate system
In mathematics, a spherical coordinate system specifies a given point in three-dimensional space by using a distance and two angles as its three coordinates. These are

the radial distance r along the line connecting the point to a fixed point called the origin;

the polar angle θ between this radial line and a given polar axis; and

the azimuthal angle φ, which is the angle of rotation of the radial line around the polar axis.

(See graphic regarding the "physics convention".)

Once the radius is fixed, the three coordinates (r, θ, φ), known as a 3-tuple, provide a coordinate system on a sphere, typically called the spherical polar coordinates.
The plane passing through the origin and perpendicular to the polar axis (where the polar angle is a right angle) is called the reference plane (sometimes fundamental plane).
Operation Hardtack II
Operation Hardtack II was a series of 37 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1958 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed the Operation Argus series and preceded the Operation Nougat series.

With test moratoriums on the horizon, American weapons labs rushed out many new designs. A hard deadline for testing was set at midnight (0000 hrs), 31 October 1958, as negotiations were set to start that day, and the schedule shows it, with 29 tests executed in October, four of them on the last day.  One other test was cancelled because weather delays postponed it across the midnight deadline.  After the conclusion of Hardtack II, the United States announced a unilateral testing moratorium, which the Soviet Union joined after two last tests on 1 and 3 November.  In September 1961, the Soviet Union resumed nuclear testing — including the test of the most powerful nuclear device ever designed, the Tsar Bomba, in October — and the United States followed suit with Operation Nougat.

Operation Nougat
Operation Nougat was a series of 44 nuclear tests conducted (with one exception) at the Nevada Test Site in 1961 and 1962, immediately after the Soviet Union abrogated a testing moratorium, with the US' Mink test shot taking place the day before the Soviets test-detonated the Tsar Bomba. Most tests were limited-yield underground test shots. New designs would be further developed in atmospheric testing during Operation Dominic I and II.

Operation Dominic I and II would follow Operation Nougat, with some testing overlap. Operation Hardtack II preceded Nougat and the testing moratorium.
Royal Society Range
The Royal Society Range (78°10′S 162°40′E﻿ / ﻿78.167°S 162.667°E﻿ / -78.167; 162.667﻿ (Royal Society Range)) is a majestic range of mountains in Victoria Land, Antarctica, rising to 4,025 metres (13,205 ft) along the west shore of McMurdo Sound between the Koettlitz, Skelton and Ferrar Glaciers.
They are south of the Kukri Hills, southeast of the Quartermain Mountains, and northeast of the Worcester Range.

With its summit at 4,025 metres (13,205 ft), the massive Mount Lister forms the highest point in this range. Mount Lister is located along the western shore of McMurdo Sound between the Koettlitz, Skelton and Ferrar glaciers. Other notable local terrain features include Allison Glacier, which descends from the west slopes of the Royal Society Range into Skelton Glacier.

Skelton Glacier
Skelton Glacier (78°35′S 161°30′E﻿ / ﻿78.583°S 161.500°E﻿ / -78.583; 161.500) is a large glacier flowing from the polar plateau into the Ross Ice Shelf at Skelton Inlet on the Hillary Coast, south of Victoria Land, Antarctica.
Shek Lei South (constituency)
Shek Lei South (Chinese: 石籬南), previously Shek Lei Extension, is one of the 31 constituencies of the Kwai Tsing District Council in Hong Kong. The seat elects one member of the council every four years. It was first created in the 1994 elections. Its boundary is loosely based on part of Shek Lei (I) Estate, part of Shek Lei (II) Estate and Yi Fung Court in Shek Lei with estimated population of 19,678.

Shek Lei Estate
Shek Lei Estate (Chinese: 石籬邨), also known by Shek Lei (石籬/石梨, both are currently used) is a public housing estate in Hong Kong, situated in the Shek Lei Pui (石梨貝/石梨背/石犁背) area in northeast Kwai Chung, New Territories, near Shek Yam Estate, On Yam Estate and Shek Yam East Estate.

The estate is separated into two parts, namely Shek Lei (I) Estate (石籬(一)邨) and Shek Lei (II) Estate (石籬(二)邨). It has a total of 21 residential blocks with a population of about 40,000, as well as two shopping centres. It is the second-largest public housing estate in Kwai Chung, after Kwai Chung Estate.

In addition, there is a two-block Home Ownership Scheme property connected to the estate, called Yi Fung Court.
Lee Myung-han
Lee Myung-han (Korean: 이명한; born June 17, 1970), also known as M.H. Rhee, is a South Korean producer and entertainment executive. He is currently a CEO of Egg is Coming, a content production company which is a subsidiary of CJ Studio under CJ ENM.

He used to be known by his nickname Lee PD, the term "PD" is commonly used in Korean television to denote a "producer-director" or "production director." Lee worked as director for shows such as Star Golden Bell, Happy Sunday: Heroine 5, Happy Sunday: Heroine 6, Happy Sunday: High-Five. However he is best known for directing and producing the popular KBS variety-reality shows 2 Days & 1 Night, and as creative producer for popular tvN variety-reality shows Grandpas Over Flowers and their spin-offs.

Na Yeong-seok
Na Yeong-seok (Korean: 나영석, born April 15, 1976), often known by his nickname Na PD, is a South Korean television producer and director. Na is best known for producing the popular variety-reality shows 2 Days & 1 Night,  New Journey to the West, Grandpas Over Flowers, Three Meals a Day, Youn's Kitchen, Youn's Stay, Earth Arcade and their spin-offs.
Asumi Nakada
Asumi Nakada (中田あすみ, Nakada Asumi; born April 5, 1988) is a Japanese voice actress and child model from Tokyo, Japan.  She is represented by Oscar Promotion. Her major roles in anime are Lucia Nanami in Mermaid Melody: Pichi Pichi Pitch and Yasura in Himawari.

Mermaid Melody Pichi Pichi Pitch
Mermaid Melody Pichi Pichi Pitch (マーメイドメロディーぴちぴちピッチ, Māmeido Merodī Pichi Pichi Pitchi) is a shōjo manga and anime series created by Michiko Yokote, with artwork by Pink Hanamori. The manga was originally published in the monthly shōjo manga anthology Nakayoshi. Thirty-two chapters have been published (including two special stories) and are compiled into seven volumes by Kodansha.

A 91-episode anime series was produced by TV Aichi, divided into two seasons, aired in Japan from April 2003 to December 2004. The first season is composed of 52 episodes, while the second, entitled Mermaid Melody Pichi Pichi Pitch Pure, lasted for 39.
The Balloon Goes Up
The Balloon Goes Up is a 1942 British second feature ('B') black-and-white comedy musical war film, directed by Redd Davis and starring Ronald Shiner, Ethel Revnell, Gracie West, Donald Peers and Elsie Wagstaff. It was written by Val Valentine and produced by New Realm Pictures.

The title refers to the "Balloon Going Up", a popular euphemism for an anticipated German invasion of Britain during the Second World War.

Revnell and West
Ethel Revnell (12 July 1896–24 August 1978) and Gracie West (born Grace May Prudden, 12 October 1892–21 June 1989) were a British comedy double act, most popular in the 1930s and 1940s though Revnell continued to perform into the 1960s.  They were sometimes billed as "The Long and the Short Of It", or on radio as "The Two Oddments".
1786 Kangding-Luding earthquake
An earthquake occurred on 1 June 1786 in and around Kangding, in what is now China's Sichuan province. It had an estimated magnitude of about 7.75 and a maximum perceived intensity of X (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale. The initial quake killed 435 people. After an aftershock nine days later, a further 100,000 died when a landslide dam collapsed across the Dadu River.

Kangding
Kangding (Chinese: 康定), also known as Dartsedo (Tibetan: དར་རྩེ་མདོ།), is a county-level city and the seat of Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan province of Southwest China. Kangding is on the bank of the Zheduo River and has been considered the historical border between the Kham region of Tibet and the Sichuan region. Kangding's urban center is called Lucheng, which has around 134,000 inhabitants.