hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nucleus raphe magnus
The nucleus raphe magnus (NRM)  is one of the seven raphe nuclei. It is situated in the pons in the brainstem,: 306  just rostral to the nucleus raphe obscurus.

The NRM receives afferent stimuli from the enkephalinergic neurons of the periaqueductal gray; the serotonergic neurons of the NRM then bilaterally project efferents to the enkephalinergic and dynorphin-containing interneurons of the substantia gelatinosa of the posterior grey column of the spinal cord. This neural path thus mediates pain perception through pre-synaptic inhibition of first-order afferent (sensory) neurons.: 225

Periaqueductal gray
The periaqueductal gray (PAG), also known as the central gray, is a brain region that plays a critical role in autonomic function, motivated behavior and behavioural responses to threatening stimuli. PAG is also the primary control center for descending pain modulation. It has enkephalin-producing cells that suppress pain.

The periaqueductal gray is the gray matter located around the cerebral aqueduct within the tegmentum of the midbrain. It projects to the nucleus raphe magnus, and also contains descending autonomic tracts. The ascending pain and temperature fibers of the spinothalamic tract send information to the PAG via the spinomesencephalic pathway (so-named because the fibers originate in the spine and terminate in the PAG, in the mesencephalon or midbrain).

This region has been used as the target for brain-stimulating implants in patients with chronic pain.
IWI Dan
The IWI Dan is an Israeli bolt-action sniper rifle manufactured by Israel Weapons Industries (IWI). It is named after the ancient city of Dan. The rifle is chambered for the .338 Lapua Magnum cartridge.

The rifle was designed by Dr. Nehemia Sirkis with cooperation of the Israel Defense Forces special forces and is manufactured by Israel Weapons Industries and marketed worldwide.

It was developed to compete with other 0.338-inch caliber sniper rifles such as the "Barak" used by the IDF, the McMillan TAC-338 (used by IDF elite units and the Navy SEALs), the British AWM, and the PGM 338.

The IWI Dan was unveiled at the 2014 Eurosatory convention.

Israel Weapon Industries
Israel Weapon Industries (IWI), formerly the Magen division of the Israel Military Industries Ltd. (IMI), is an Israeli firearms manufacturer founded in 1933.

Formerly owned by the State of Israel, the Small Arms Division of IMI was privatized and renamed IWI in 2005.

IWI is one of the world's most famous and bestselling military arms manufacturers. 
The Magen division rose to international prominence in the 1950s, as the creator of the Uzi, of which over 10 million would be produced, netting billions of dollars for the company. Subsequent well known military exports have included the Jericho 941 semi-automatic pistol, Negev light machine gun, Galil assault rifle, Tavor assault rifle, and the DAN .338 sniper rifle.

IWI develops and manufactures guns used by armies and law enforcement agencies around the world.
Rondeau River
The Rondeau River is a tributary of the Jacquot River flowing in the municipality of Saint-Léonard-de-Portneuf, in the MRC Portneuf Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in Quebec, in Canada.

The upper part of the river is mainly served by the route 367 (chemin du rang Saint-Paul), by the chemin du rang Saint-Antoine and the route de la Traverse du 5e Rang.

The main economic activities in the sector are forestry and agricultural activities.

The surface of the Rondeau River (except the rapids zones) is generally frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, but the safe circulation on the ice is generally made from the end of December to the beginning of March.

Jacquot River
The Rivière Jacquot is a tributary of the Sainte-Anne River flowing in the municipalities of Saint-Léonard-de-Portneuf and Sainte-Christine-d'Auvergne, in the MRC Portneuf Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in Quebec, in Canada.

The upper part of the river is mainly served by the route 367 (chemin du rang Saint-Paul), by the chemin du rang Saint-Jacques and the chemin du rang Saint-Georges.

The main economic activities in the sector are forestry and agricultural activities.

The surface of the Jacquot River (except the rapids areas) is generally frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, but the safe circulation on the ice is generally made from the end of December to the beginning of March.
Sudhir Chaudhary
Sudhir Chaudhary is an Indian journalist working as Editor-in-chief of DD News, the Indian state-owned Hindi news channel and hosts the show Decode since May 2025. He was formerly consulting editor at the Aaj Tak and hosted the show Black & White (B & W) from 2022 until 2025.

He has also worked as editor-in-chief and CEO of Zee News, WION, Zee Business, and Zee 24 Taas and hosted the prime-time show Daily News & Analysis (DNA) on Zee News. Chaudhary left Aaj Tak on 4 April 2025 and joined DD News in the same month where he host a prime-time show named Decode which started on 15 May 2025.

Zee News
Zee News is an Indian Hindi-language right-wing news channel owned by Subhash Chandra's Essel Group. It launched on 27 August 1999 and is the flagship channel of the Zee Media Corporation.

The channel has been involved in several controversies and has broadcast fabricated news stories on multiple occasions. The channel has been subjected to an ongoing criminal defamation case against legislator Mahua Moitra as of March 2020.
Locus Computing Corporation
Locus Computing Corporation was formed in 1982 by Gerald J. Popek, Charles S. Kline and Gregory I. Thiel
to commercialize the technologies developed for the LOCUS distributed operating system at UCLA.  Locus was notable for commercializing single-system image software and producing the Merge package which allowed the use of DOS and Windows 3.1 software on Unix systems.

Locus was acquired by Platinum Technology Inc in 1995.

Platinum Technology
Platinum Technology, Inc., was an American software company founded by Andrew Filipowski in 1987 to market and support deployment of database management software products and the applications enabled by database management technology and to render related services. Over its 12-year history, it was known for its acquisition of other companies, having bought more than 50 companies between 1994 and 1999 and growing to become the eighth largest global software company with revenue of a billion dollars per year. Acquisitions included Altai, Inc. (1995), AutoSystems Corporation, Brownstone Solutions, ICON Computing, Intervista Software, Software Interfaces, Locus Computing Corporation, LBMS (1998), Logic Works (1998), Protosoft, RELTECH Group, Memco Software, Softool, SQL TOOLS, Inc., Trinzic, Viatech and VREAM (1996). The company was a member of the UML Partners consortium.
Elizabeth Carter
Elizabeth Carter (pen name Eliza; 16 December 1717 – 19 February 1806) was an English poet, classicist, writer, translator, and linguist. As one of the Bluestocking Circle that surrounded Elizabeth Montagu, she earned respect for the first English translation of the 2nd-century Discourses of Epictetus. She also published poems and translated from French and Italian, and corresponded profusely. Among her many eminent friends were Elizabeth Montagu, Hannah More, Hester Chapone and other Bluestocking members. Also close friends were Anne Hunter, a poet and socialite, and Mary Delany. She befriended Samuel Johnson, editing some editions of his periodical The Rambler.

Discourses of Epictetus
The Discourses of Epictetus (Greek: Ἐπικτήτου διατριβαί, Epiktētou diatribai) are a series of informal lectures by the Stoic philosopher Epictetus written down by his pupil Arrian around 108 AD. Four books out of an original eight are still extant. The philosophy of Epictetus is intensely practical. He directs his students to focus attention on their opinions, anxieties, passions, and desires, so that "they may never fail to get what they desire, nor fall into what they avoid."

The Discourses have been influential since they were written. They are referred to and quoted by Marcus Aurelius. Since the 16th century, they have been translated into multiple languages and reprinted many times.
Milford United F.C.
Milford United are a Welsh football club from the town of Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire in the southwest of Wales. Formed in 1885, they had a long period playing in the Welsh Football League. The club currently play in the Pembrokeshire League Division Two.

Pembrokeshire League
The Pembrokeshire League (currently the Manderwood Pembrokeshire League) is a football league in Pembrokeshire, West Wales, running from levels five to nine of the Welsh football league system.

Teams promoted from Division One may enter the West Wales Premier League if standards and facilities fall into line with the regulations of the Welsh Football League.

The Pembrokeshire League also enters teams into the West Wales Intermediate Cup, to play against clubs from the Carmarthenshire League, Neath & District League and Swansea Senior League. With Merlins Bridge beating fellow Pembrokeshire league side Carew in the 2019 final, this meant four of the last seven winners had been Pembrokeshire League teams.
Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges
Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ bɛʁtʁɑ̃ də kɔmɛ̃ʒ], literally Saint-Bertrand of Comminges; Gascon: Sent Bertran de Comenge) is a commune (municipality) and former episcopal see in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. It is a member of the Les Plus Beaux Villages de France ("The Most Beautiful Villages of France") association.

Comminges
The Comminges (French pronunciation: [kɔmɛ̃ʒ]; Occitan/Gascon: Comenge) is an ancient region of southern France in the foothills of the Pyrenees, corresponding approximately to the arrondissement of Saint-Gaudens in the department of Haute-Garonne. This region is normally associated with the former domain of the Counts of Comminges, although earlier definitions are based on the Diocese of Comminges or the territory of the Convenae.
What My Girlfriend Doesn't Know
What My Girlfriend Doesn't Know (2007) is a novel in verse by Sonya Sones. The free verse novel follows ninth-grader Robin as he struggles with being an outsider at his high school and dealing with the joys of having a girlfriend, Sophie, and seeing his artistic talent recognized by his teacher and parents. It is a companion novel to Sones' What My Mother Doesn't Know(2001).

Verse novel
A verse novel is a type of narrative poetry in which a novel-length narrative is told through the medium of poetry rather than prose. Either simple or complex stanzaic verse-forms may be used, but there are usually a large cast, multiple voices, dialogue, narration, description, and action in a novelistic manner.
Nancy Cartwright (philosopher)
Nancy Cartwright, Lady Hampshire FBA, FAcSS (born 24 June 1944) is an American philosopher of science. She is a professor of philosophy at the University of California at San Diego and the University of Durham. Currently, she is the past president of the Division for Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science and Technology (DLMPST) of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology under the International Science Council (ISC).

International Union of History and Philosophy of Science
The International Union of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology is one of the members of the International Science Council (ISC). It was founded in 1955 by merging the International Union of History of Science (IUHS) and the International Union of Philosophy of Science (IUPS), and consists of two divisions, the Division of History of Science and Technology (DHST) and the Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science and Technology (DLMPST).
Hickey Freeman
Hickey Freeman is a manufacturer of suits for men and boys, which was founded in Rochester, New York, US, in 1899, and operated a factory there from 1908 until 2023. In 2023, ownership of the brand name and the historic factory diverged, with production of Hickey-Freeman branded clothing, currently owned by Authentic Brands Group, being moved to Mexican facilities operated by Peerless Clothing.

The factory in Rochester was sold to the Tom James Company, owners of the similar but distinct "H. Freeman" brand. The factory operations were renamed Rochester Tailoring Company, and continue to produce suiting under that name and for a number of contracts, including for the US Military and the clothing company Epaulet.

Hart Schaffner Marx
Hart Schaffner Marx is an American manufacturer of ready-to-wear menswear owned by New York City–based Authentic Brands Group. With origins dating to a family business in 1872 Chicago and incorporated in 1911 as "Hart Schaffner & Marx", the company is now located in Des Plaines, Illinois.
Treboeth
Treboeth is a suburb and historical village in the Mynydd-Bach and Penderry wards of Swansea, Wales.

Gwyrosydd Primary School and Welsh language primary school Ysgol Gynradd Gymraeg Tirdeunaw are in Treboeth. Gwyrosydd was the bardic name of Treboeth-born Daniel James, author of the Welsh language hymn Calon Lân, which is often sung in rugby matches, Welsh religious ceremonies and other events.

The village is home to several places of worship including Caersalem Chapel, St Albans, Treboeth Gospel Hall and Mynyddbach Chapel, as well as the listed Cwmgelli Cemetery.

Daniel James (Gwyrosydd)
Daniel James (23 January 1848 – 16 March 1920), also known by his bardic name of Gwyrosydd, was a Welsh poet and hymn-writer, best known for writing the words of the popular hymn, "Calon Lân" (published in 1892).
F (S-train)
F is the service designation for trains on the ring line of Copenhagen's S-train network. It runs from  05:00 to 01:00 from Copenhagen South to Hellerup. Trains run every 5 minutes between about 7:00 and 19:00, Monday through Friday, and every 10 minutes on weekends, early mornings and late evenings/nights. On Friday and Saturday nights there is also a 30 minutes service throughout the night. This line is planned to become a pilot project for driverless operation, with testing starting in 2031/32.

Hellerup railway station
Hellerup station is a regional and S-train railway station serving the suburb of Hellerup north of Copenhagen, Denmark. The station is an important junction which is served by regional trains on the Coast Line, as well as several lines of the Copenhagen S-train network.
Haiphong
Haiphong or Hai Phong (Vietnamese: Hải Phòng, pronounced [hǎːj fɔ̀ŋ͡m] ⓘ) is the third-largest city in Vietnam and is the principal port city of the Red River Delta. The municipality has an area of 3,194.72 km2 (1,233.49 mi2). The city includes Bạch Long Vĩ and Cát Hải islands in the Gulf of Tonkin. It has a population of 4,664,124 in 2025.

Bạch Long Vĩ Island
Bạch Long Vĩ island is located in the Gulf of Tonkin, about halfway between Haiphong (Vietnam) and Hainan Island (China). The island is an offshore district of Haiphong city. Fishing comprises the majority of economic activity in the Gulf of Tonkin, and Bạch Long Vĩ is a major nursery and harvesting area for fish eggs. More than 50 species of commercial fish are abundant in the area (ADB 1999).
Shaba North
Shaba North (also mentioned as Kapani Tonneo) was the launch site of the first rockets launched by Orbital Transport und Raketen AktienGesellschaft, or Orbital Forwarding Company in English ("OTRAG").

It is located at the edge of a mesa in Shaba (now Katanga province), the Democratic Republic of Congo. In 1976 Luvua Airport was built to supply the site.

In 1977 and in 1978 three test flights of OTRAG rockets were launched from Shaba North.

In 1979 OTRAG stopped launching rockets from Shaba North after pressure from the Soviet Union, whose leaders were concerned about German interests obtaining powerful long-range rockets. Its launching activities were later moved to Sabha, Libya.

OTRAG
The OTRAG rocket was a modular satellite-delivery rocket developed by the OTRAG company (German: Orbital Transport- und Raketen-Aktiengesellschaft, or Orbital Transport and Rockets, Inc.) in the 1970s and 80s. The OTRAG rocket was to become a rocket built up from several mass-produced units, intended to carry satellites with a weight of 1-10 tons or more into orbit. Mass production meant that the vehicle was projected to have been 10x cheaper than conventional vehicles of similar capability.

The West German company was based in Stuttgart, and in the late 1970s and early 1980s planned to develop an alternative propulsion system for rockets.  OTRAG was the first commercial developer and producer of space launch vehicles. The rocket was claimed to be an inexpensive alternative to existing launch systems through mass-production of Common Rocket Propulsion Units (CRPU).
Pinkstinks
Pinkstinks is a campaign founded in London in May 2008 by twin sisters Emma Moore and Abi Moore (born 1971, London) to raise awareness of what they claim is damage caused by gender stereotyping of children. Pinkstinks claims that the marketing of gender-specific products to young children encourages girls to limit their ambitions later in life.

Gender neutrality
Gender neutrality (adjective form: gender-neutral), also known as gender-neutralism or the gender neutrality movement, is the idea that policies, language, and other social institutions (social structures and gender roles) should avoid distinguishing roles according to people's sex or gender. This is to avoid discrimination arising from the impression that there are social roles for which one gender is more suited than another. The disparity in gender equality throughout history has had a significant impact on many aspects of society, including marketing, toys, education and parenting techniques. To increase gender neutrality in recent years, there has been a societal emphasis on using inclusive language and advocating for equality.
Crestones
The Crestones are a group of four 14,000-foot (4,300 m) peaks (fourteeners) in the Sangre de Cristo Range above Crestone, central southern Colorado, comprising:

Crestone Peak (14,294 ft; 4,357 m )

Crestone Needle (14,197 ft; 4,327 m )

Kit Carson Mountain (14,165 ft; 4,317 m )

Humboldt Peak (14,064 ft; 4,287 m )

Snow is usually mostly melted by early July. Climbers can expect afternoon rain, hail, and lightning from the seasonal monsoon in late July and August.

Sangre de Cristo Range
The Sangre de Cristo Range is a mountain range in the Rocky Mountains in southern Colorado in the United States, running north and south along the east side of the Rio Grande Rift. The mountains extend southeast from Poncha Pass for about 75 mi (121 km) through south-central Colorado to La Veta Pass, approximately 20 mi (32 km) west of Walsenburg, and form a high ridge separating the San Luis Valley on the west from the watershed of the Arkansas River on the east. The Sangre de Cristo Range rises over 7,000 ft (2,100 m) above the valleys and plains to the west and northeast.

According to the USGS, the range is the northern part of the larger Sangre de Cristo Mountains, which extend through northern New Mexico. 
Usage of the terms "Sangre de Cristo Range" and "Sangre de Cristo Mountains" is varied; however, this article discusses only the mountains between Poncha Pass and La Veta Pass.
Shuddha Saveri
Shuddha Saveri or śuddha sāveri  is a ragam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music) and Yakshagana music. It is an audava rāgam (or owdava rāgam, meaning pentatonic scale). It is a janya rāgam (derived scale)of the Melakarta ragam Dhīraśaṅkarābharaṇaṃ which is 29th Melakarta raga. In Hindustani music it is called Durga. According to the school of Muthuswami Dikshitar, this rāgam is called Devakriya. Karnataka Shuddha Saveri, a janya rāgam of 1st melakarta Kanakangi, is called Shuddha Saveri by the Dikshitar school. Devakriya in the Tyagaraja school of music is a different Raga, which is a Janya of Natabhairavi(Mela 20).

Karnataka Shuddha Saveri
Karnataka Shuddha Saveri is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is an audava rāgam (or owdava rāgam, meaning pentatonic scale). It is a janya rāgam (derived scale), as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes).

This scale is known as Shuddha Sāveri in the Muthuswami Dikshitar school of music. This scale is quite different from the popular Shuddha Saveri pentatonic scale, which is known as Devakriya in Dikshitar school of music.
Buenos Aires Hockey Association
The Buenos Aires Hockey Association ("Asociación de Hockey de Buenos Aires" - AHBA) is the Argentine amateur governing body that regulates the practice of field hockey over the Buenos Aires autonomous city and its urban sprawl, Greater Buenos Aires. The AHBA is not affiliated to national body Argentine Hockey Confederation, organizing its championships in an autonomous way since 1908.

The most important tournaments organized by the AHBA are the Women's and Men's Torneo Metropolitano.

Metropolitano de Hockey (women)
The Metropolitano de Hockey Femenino is a women's field hockey competition contested by clubs from the Buenos Aires Province of Argentina. Played since 1924, it is regulated by the Buenos Aires Hockey Association (AHBA).
Cochlea
The cochlea is the part of the inner ear involved in hearing. It is a spiral-shaped cavity in the bony labyrinth, in humans making 2.75 turns around its axis, the modiolus. A core component of the cochlea is the organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along the partition separating the fluid chambers in the coiled tapered tube of the cochlea.

Oval window
The oval window (or fenestra vestibuli or fenestra ovalis) is a connective tissue membrane-covered opening from the middle ear to the cochlea of the inner ear.

Vibrations that contact the tympanic membrane travel through the three ossicles and into the inner ear. The oval window is the intersection of the middle ear with the inner ear and is directly contacted by the stapes; by the time vibrations reach the oval window, they have been reduced in amplitude and increased in pressure due to the lever action of the ossicle bones. This is not an amplification function; rather, an impedance-matching function, allowing sound to be transferred from air (outer ear) to liquid (cochlea).

It is a reniform (kidney-shaped) opening leading from the tympanic cavity into the vestibule of the inner ear; its long diameter is horizontal and its convex border is upward. It is occupied by the base of the stapes, the circumference of which is fixed by the annular ligament to the margin of the foramen.
Wankdorf Stadium
Wankdorf Stadium (German: Wankdorfstadion, pronounced [ˈvaŋkdɔʁfˌʃtaːdi̯ɔn] ⓘ) was a football stadium in Bern, Switzerland, and the home of Swiss club BSC Young Boys. Built in 1925, it hosted the finals of the 1954 FIFA World Cup, the 1960–61 European Cup, and the 1988–89 European Cup Winners' Cup.

The stadium was demolished in 2001, and replaced in 2005 by the Stadion Wankdorf on the same site.

1989 European Cup Winners' Cup final
The 1989 European Cup Winners' Cup Final was a football match contested between Barcelona of Spain and Sampdoria of Italy. It was the final match of the 1988–89 European Cup Winners' Cup and the 29th European Cup Winners' Cup final. The final was held at Wankdorf Stadium in Bern, Switzerland, on 10 May 1989. Barcelona won the match 2–0 thanks to goals by Julio Salinas and Luis López Rekarte.