hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nueva Vizcaya
Nueva Vizcaya, officially the Province of Nueva Vizcaya, is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Cagayan Valley region in Luzon. Its capital and largest town is Bayombong. It is bordered by Benguet to the west, Ifugao to the north, Isabela to the northeast, Quirino to the east, Aurora to the southeast, Nueva Ecija to the south, and Pangasinan to the southwest. Quirino province was created from Nueva Vizcaya in 1966.

Quirino
Quirino, officially the Province of Quirino (Ilocano: Probinsia ti Quirino; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Quirino), is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Cagayan Valley region in Luzon. Its capital is Cabarroguis while Diffun is the most populous in the province. It is named after Elpidio Quirino, the sixth President of the Philippines.

The province borders Aurora to the southeast, Nueva Vizcaya to the west, and Isabela to the north. Quirino used to be part of the province of Nueva Vizcaya, until it became a sub-province in 1966, then it was separated in 1972.
Racism in Jewish communities
Racism in Jewish communities is a source of concern for people of color, particularly for Jews of color. Black Jews, Indigenous Jews, and other Jews of color report that they experience racism from white Jews in many countries, including Canada, France, Kenya, New Zealand, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Sephardi and Mizrahi Jews also report experiences with racism by Ashkenazi Jews. The centering of Ashkenazi Jews is sometimes known as Ashkenormativity. In historically white-dominated countries with a legacy of anti-Black racism, such as the United States and South Africa, racism within the Jewish community often manifests itself as anti-Blackness. In Israel, racism among Israeli Jews often manifests itself as discrimination and prejudice against Sephardi and Mizrahi Jews, Ethiopian Jews, African immigrants, and Palestinians.

Ashkenormativity
Ashkenormativity or Ashkecentrism refers to a form of bias and discrimination regarding Ashkenazi Jews, including the assumption that Ashkenazi religious and cultural practices are the default; in contrast to Jews of Sephardi, Mizrahi, Ethiopian, and other non-Ashkenazi backgrounds.
Summer of Night
Summer of Night is the first in a series of horror novels by American writer Dan Simmons, published in 1991 by Warner Aspect.  It was nominated for a British Fantasy Award in 1992. The subsequent books are Children of the Night (1992), Fires of Eden (1994) and A Winter Haunting (2002).

Fires of Eden (novel)
Fires of Eden is a novel by American writer Dan Simmons, published in 1994. It centres on the history and mythology of Hawaii, the moral and ethical issues of the United States occupation of Hawaii, and various other issues.
Robert Livingston (1688–1775)
Robert Livingston (July 24, 1688 – June 27, 1775) was a British colonial era landowner, businessman, and Provincial assemblyman, and the Second Lord of Livingston Manor.  Known as Robert of Clermont, he was the son of Robert Livingston the Elder and father of Robert Livingston, "the Judge" (1718–1775). He was a member of New York colonial assembly from 1726 until 1727.

Robert Livingston the Elder
Robert Livingston the Elder (13 December 1654 – 1728) was a Scottish-born merchant and government official in the Province of New York. He was granted a patent to 160,000 acres (650 km2/ 250 sq mi) of land along the Hudson River, becoming the first lord of Livingston Manor.
Equisetales
Equisetales is an order of subclass Equisetidae with only one living family, Equisetaceae, containing the genus Equisetum (horsetails), as well as a variety of extinct groups, including the tree-like Calamitaceae.

Calamitaceae
Calamitaceae is an extinct family of equisetalean plants related to the modern horsetails, known from the Carboniferous and Permian periods. Some members of this family like Arthropitys attained tree-like stature, with heights over 15 metres (49 ft), with extensive underground rhizomes. They were largely found in wetland environments.
ʻAuʻasi, American Samoa
ʻAuʻasi is a village in the east of Tutuila Island, American Samoa. One of the island's more populous villages, it is located on the south coast, close to the eastern tip of the island and to the smaller offshore island of Aunuʻu. It is located in Saʻole County.

Above the village is a waterfall known as ʻAuʻasi Falls. This can be visited by following the stream in ʻAuʻasi for about 30 minutes. It is particularly impressive after heavy rain.

Ferries for Aunu'u Island leave from the dock at ʻAuʻasi. ʻAuʻasi is located roughly one mile from Aunu'u Island and is therefore the closest land area to Aunu'u on Tutuila Island.

Aunuʻu, American Samoa
Aunuʻu is a small volcanic island off the southeastern shore of Tutuila in Saʻole County, American Samoa. It has a land area of 374.83 acres (0.59 sq mi; 1.52 km2), and a 2010 census population of 436 persons. Politically, it is a part of the Eastern District, one of the two primary political divisions of American Samoa.: 424

The island of Aunu’u is home to three villages: Le’auuliuli, Saluavatia, and Alofasau. Politically, the island is divided into two sections, Saole and Saleaaumua. The entirety of Saluavatia and half of Le’auuliuli are part of Saole, while the remaining half of Le’auuliuli, along with Alofasau, constitute Saleaaumua. The names of the villages are derived from the Samoan language. Le’auuliuli translates to "the black stalk," whereas Saluavatia means "a second Vatia."

Since the 1960s, the Aunuʻu people's main economic activity has been growing taro and producing faausi.
Edward R. Reilly
Edward R. Reilly (born November 28, 1949) is an American politician. He was a Republican member of the Maryland Senate, appointed by Governor Martin O'Malley to represent District 33 after State Senator Janet Greenip resigned. He then ran and was elected in November 2010 to his first full term.

Janet Greenip
Janet Greenip (born August 10, 1947, in Cincinnati, Ohio) is an American former Republican State Senator from Crofton, Maryland, representing District 33 from 2003 through 2009. Before that, she represented District 33 as a State Delegate from 1995 to 2003.
Maria family
The Maria family (adj. Marian; FIN: 506; also known as the Roma family) is a collisional asteroid family located in the inner parts of the intermediate asteroid belt, near the 1:3 Kirkwood gap. The family consist of several thousand  stony S-type asteroids. It is named after its parent body and lowest numbered member, the asteroid 170 Maria.: 23  It is also known as the Roma family, named after its alternative parent body, 472 Roma.

The family was initially identified by Japanese astronomer Kiyotsugu Hirayama in 1918. Asteroids in this family typically have a semi-major axis between 2.52−2.62 AU, and an inclination of 12 to 17°.

472 Roma
472 Roma is an asteroid.  It was discovered by Luigi Carnera on July 11, 1901. Its provisional name was 1901 GP. This asteroid was named by Antonio Abetti for the city of Rome in Italy, the
native country of its discoverer.

At 21:57 UT, on Thursday, July 8, 2010, this 50 km wide asteroid occulted the star Delta Ophiuchi in an event lasting about five seconds. The occultation path crossed central Europe along a band that ran through Stockholm, Copenhagen, Bremen, Nantes and Bilbao.

This is a member of the dynamic Maria family of asteroids that were probably formed as the result of a collisional breakup of a parent body.
South High School (Denver, Colorado)
South High School is a historical public high school in the Washington Park neighborhood on the south side of Denver, Colorado, United States. It is part of Denver Public Schools, and is one of four original high schools in Denver. The other three are East, North, and West.

East High School (Denver, Colorado)
East High School is a historical public high school located in the City Park neighborhood on the east side of Denver, Colorado, United States. It is part of the Denver Public Schools system, and is one of four original high schools in Denver. The other three are West, North, and South.
Lake Oroville
Lake Oroville is a reservoir formed by the Oroville Dam impounding the Feather River, located in Butte County, northern California. The lake is situated 5 miles (8 km) northeast of the city of Oroville, within the Lake Oroville State Recreation Area, in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada. Known as the second-largest reservoir in California, Lake Oroville is treated as a keystone facility within the California State Water Project by storing water, providing flood control, recreation, freshwater releases to assist in controlling the salinity intrusion into the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and protecting fish and wildlife.

The lake is a popular nationally renowned bass fishing location, while coho salmon are stocked from the Feather River Fish Hatchery. This hatchery is a main component of Lake Oroville.

Lake Oroville State Recreation Area
Lake Oroville State Recreation Area (LOSRA) is a state park unit of California, United States, surrounding Lake Oroville, a reservoir on the Feather River. It is located in Butte County outside Oroville, California. The 29,447-acre (11,917 ha) park was established in 1967. The recreation area "includes Lake Oroville and the surrounding lands and facilities within the project area as well as the land and waters in and around the Diversion Pool and Thermalito Forebay, downstream of Oroville Dam."
Saint Gall
Gall (Latin: Gallus; c. 550 – c. 645) according to hagiographic tradition was a disciple and one of the traditional twelve companions of Columbanus on his mission from Ireland to the continent. However, he may have originally come from the border region between Lorraine and Alemannia and only met Columbanus at the monastery of Luxeuil in the Vosges. Gall is known as a representative of the Irish monastic tradition. The Abbey of Saint Gall in the city of Saint Gallen, Switzerland was built upon his original hermitage. Deicolus was the elder brother of Gall.

Columbanus
Saint Columbanus (Irish: Columbán; 543 – 21 November 615) was an Irish missionary notable for founding a number of monasteries after 590 in the Frankish and Lombard kingdoms, most notably Luxeuil Abbey in present-day France and Bobbio Abbey in present-day Italy.

Columbanus taught an Irish monastic rule and penitential practices for those repenting of sins, which emphasised private confession to a priest, followed by penances imposed by the priest in reparation for the sins. Columbanus is one of the earliest identifiable Hiberno-Latin writers.
Isaiah 55
Isaiah 55 is the fifty-fifth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. Chapters 40-55 are known as "Deutero-Isaiah" and date from the time of the Israelites' exile in Babylon.

Isaiah 40
Isaiah 40 is the fortieth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible, and the first chapter of the section known as "Deutero-Isaiah" (Isaiah 40-55), dating from the time of the Israelites' exile in Babylon. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. Parts of this chapter are cited in all four canonical Gospels of the New Testament.
Turley Mill and Distillery Site
The Turley Mill and Distillery Site is a historic site on the Rio Hondo about 11 miles (18 km) north of Taos, New Mexico.  It was a mill and distillery which served as the headquarters of Simeon Turley's commercial and manufacturing empire. Simeon Turley (1809–1847) and his brothers Stephen Turley (1786–1851) and Jesse B. Turley (1801–1861) transported goods from Franklin, Missouri to Taos via wagon train on the Santa Fe Trail. About 1827–1829 Simeon settled in Arroyo Hondo and established the mill and distillery as a popular trading post and "watering hole". Simeon was murdered in the Taos Revolt of January 1847 and the mill and distillery site was all but destroyed. Simeon Turley is buried in the Kit Carson Memorial Cemetery in Taos.  The mill and distillery site was listed on the State of New Mexico Register of Cultural Properties in 1969 and on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

It is located in what is now Arroyo Hondo.

Taos Revolt
The Taos Revolt was a popular insurrection in January 1847 by Hispano and Pueblo allies against the United States' occupation of present-day northern New Mexico during the Mexican–American War. Provisional governor Charles Bent and several other Americans were killed by the rebels. In two short campaigns, United States troops and militia crushed the rebellion of the Hispano and Pueblo people. The New Mexicans, seeking better representation, regrouped and fought three more engagements, but after being defeated, they abandoned open warfare. Hatred of New Mexicans for the occupying American army combined with the oft-exercised rebelliousness of Taos residents against authority imposed on them from elsewhere were causes of the revolt. In the aftermath of the revolt the Americans executed at least 28 rebels. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 guaranteed the property rights of New Mexico's Hispanic and Native American residents.
Hang Seng China-Affiliated Corporations Index
Hang Seng China-Affiliated Corporations Index or HSCCI is a stock index of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong for red chip companies listed on the exchange, which are incorporated outside of mainland China, such as in Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, or Hong Kong, but are majority-owned by the central or regional government of the People's Republic of China.

As of January 2021, there are 25 red chips that compose this index.

In the past, the constituents of Hang Seng China-Affiliated Corporations Index did not intersect with H shares' Hang Seng China Enterprises Index, as H share and red chip companies did not intersect. But a possible inclusion of the top red chip companies to Hang Seng China Enterprises Index, was announced in August 2017.

Some of the constituents of Hang Seng China-Affiliated Corporations Index was also the constituents of Hang Seng Index (the blue-chip index). They were sometimes known as purple-chip, since red plus blue is purple.

Hang Seng China Enterprises Index
Hang Seng China Enterprises Index is a stock market index of The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong for H shares, red chip stocks, and P chips.

H share is a class of ordinary share of the mainland China incorporated company that only traded outside the mainland China; all of these companies were majority owned by the central or regional Chinese government. In contrast, civilian-run enterprises of the mainland China listed their companies in Hong Kong using "foreign"-incorporated holding companies as P chip (either Bermuda, the Cayman Islands or Hong Kong); those using the same method but majority owned by the central or regional Chinese government, was known as red chip; red chip had their own separated index.

In August 2017, it was announced that the index would be reformed, which P chip and red chip would be added to the index in March 2018.

Some of the constituents of Hang Seng China Enterprises Index was also the constituents of Hang Seng Index.
Ragatinus maddisoni
Ragatinus maddisoni is the type species for the genus Ragatinus. It is a species of jumping spider that is endemic in Kenya, living in forested afromontane regions. First described in 2016 by Angelika Dawidowicz and Wanda Wesołowska, it is named after the arachnologist Wayne Maddison. The spider is medium-sized and generally light brown, with a cephalothorax that is between 2.0 and 3.0 mm (0.079 and 0.118 in) long and an abdomen between 2.2 and 4.0 mm (0.087 and 0.157 in) long. It has light brown legs, the foremost ones being longer and darker. The species is most easily distinguished from other spiders by its copulatory organs. The female has a triangular depression in the middle of its epigyne and the male has a protuberance with teeth attached to the base of its curved embolus.

Ragatinus
Ragatinus is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae. It was first described in 2016 by Angelika Dawidowicz and Wanda Wesołowska. As of 2017, it contains only one species, Ragatinus maddisoni.

Dawidowicz and Wesołowska placed the genus in the subtribe Thiratoscirtina, which is placed in the Salticoida clade of the subfamily Salticinae (tribe Aelurillini) in Maddison's 2015 classification of the Salticidae.
A726 road
The A726 road in Scotland is a major route with several distinct sections with different characteristics and names; owing to its stages of construction, since 2005 it has two separate parts, the first running between Strathaven in South Lanarkshire and Junction 5 of the M77 motorway south of Newton Mearns in East Renfrewshire via East Kilbride, and the other running between Junction 3 of the M77 and the M898 motorway near the Erskine Bridge, via Paisley and Junction 29 of the M8 motorway near Glasgow International Airport.

M898 motorway
The M898 motorway is a 1-mile-long (1.6 km) motorway in Renfrewshire, Scotland. It is a spur route from the M8 motorway towards the Erskine Bridge.  It lacks hard shoulders along its length. Its northern terminus comes at the junction with the A726 road, the former location of the toll booths for the Erskine Bridge, which were removed on 1 April 2006.
Aristolochia longa
Aristolochia longa or long aristolochia is a species of pipevine.

Like all plants in the Aristolochia genus, Aristolochia longa contains aristolochic acid, a carcinogenic and nephrotoxic substance.

Historically, plants within the Aristolochia genus were used to treat a wide variety of ailments. The fact that their use leads to kidney failure was only discovered in 1815. Various species of Aristolochia including Aristolochia longa remain in use in some forms of traditional medicine. Essential oil extracted from the roots of Aristolochia longa has various antimicrobial properties.

According to one study conducted in Morocco, 63 cases of kidney poisoning were reported to the Antipoison and Pharmacovigilance Center of Morocco between 2011 and 2018, 76% of which were due to the consumption of Aristolochia longa, most often as part of an attempt to treat cancer through traditional medicine.

Aristolochia
Aristolochia (English: /əˌrɪstəˈloʊkiə/) is a large plant genus with over 500 species that is the type genus of the family Aristolochiaceae. Its members are commonly known as birthwort, pipevine or Dutchman's pipe and are widespread and occur in the most diverse climates. Some species, like A. utriformis and A. westlandii, are threatened with extinction.

The genus Isotrema is usually included here as Aristolochia subgenus Siphisia, but might be a valid genus. It contains the species with a three-lobed calyx.
Uprising of Bolotnikov
The Uprising of Bolotnikov, in Russian historiography called the Peasant War under the Leadership of Ivan Bolotnikov (Peasant Uprising), was a major peasant, Cossack, and noble uprising of 1606–1607 led by Ivan Bolotnikov and several other leaders. At the time of the highest point of the uprising (the Siege of Moscow in 1606), more than 70 cities in the south and center of Russia were under the control of the rebels.

Ivan Bolotnikov
Ivan Isayevich Bolotnikov (Russian: Ива́н Иса́евич Боло́тников; 1565–1608) headed a popular uprising in Russia in 1606–1607 known as the Bolotnikov Rebellion (Восстание Ивана Болотникова). The uprising formed part of the Time of Troubles in Russia.
Jonathan Dunsby
Jonathan Mark Dunsby FRSA (born 16 March 1953) is a British classical pianist, musicologist, author and translator, particularly known for his research in musical analysis. His introductory textbook, Music Analysis in Theory and Practice (1988), co-authored with Arnold Whittall, is a standard work in the field. Dunsby has held professorships at the University of Reading (1985–2006) in the UK, and SUNY University at Buffalo (2006–7) and the Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester (from 2007) in the United States, and was the founding editor-in-chief of the journal Music Analysis (1982–86).

Arnold Whittall
Arnold Morgan Whittall (born 11 November 1935) is a British musicologist who specializes in 20th and 21st-century classical music. In particular, his academic work focuses on the theory and analysis of music, modernism, and musical style and structure in the works of Richard Wagner. He is an Emeritus Professor of Musical Theory and Analysis at King's College London.

Whittall is also a prolific author of non-academic articles on new music. These include record reviews for Gramophone and the Western Mail.
Vada (food)
Vada is a category of savoury fried snacks native to India. Vadas can be described variously as fritters, cutlets, or dumplings. Vadas are sometimes stuffed with vegetables and traditionally served with chutneys and sambar.

In North India and Pakistan, bhalla is a similar food. It is sold in chaat shops and kiosks; green bean paste is added with spices, which is then deep-fried to make croquettes. They are then garnished with dahi (yogurt), saunth chutney (dried ginger and tamarind sauce) and spices. Bhalla is usually served cold, unlike the aloo tikki.

The various types of vadas are made from different ingredients, ranging from legumes (such as medu vada of South India) to potatoes (such as batata vada of Maharashtra). They are often served as a breakfast item or a snack, and also used in other food preparations (such as dahi vada, vada pav, and doubles).

Medu vada
Medu vada (pronounced [meːd̪ʊ vəɽaː]; lit. 'soft vada' in Tamil and Kannada) is a South Indian breakfast snack made from Vigna mungo (black lentil). It is usually made in a doughnut shape, with a crispy exterior and soft interior. A popular food item in South Indian cuisine it is generally eaten as a breakfast or a snack.
Musa ibn Isa ibn Musa al-Hashimi
Mūsā ibn ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā al-Hāshimī (Arabic: موسى بن عيسى بن موسى بن محمد بن علي بن عبد الله بن العباس) was an 8th-century AD Abbasid prince. The son of Isa ibn Musa, he was posted to various governorships throughout his career, including Kufa, Egypt, Damascus, Mecca, Medina, and Arminiya, and was a leading commander at the Battle of Fakhkh.

Isa ibn Musa
ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿal-ʿAbbās (Arabic: عيسى بن موسى بن محمد بن علي بن عبد الله بن العباس; c. 721/2–784) was a nephew of the first two Abbasid caliphs, al-Saffah (r. 750–754) and al-Mansur (r. 754–775). He served as governor of Kufa in Iraq for fifteen years and led the suppression of the Alid revolt of 762–763. From 754 on he was also heir-apparent of the Caliphate, until he was pressured to cede precedence to al-Mansur's son al-Mahdi (r. 775–785) in 764. With al-Mahdi's accession in 775, he was forced to renounce his rights entirely in 776 in favour of al-Hadi (r. 785–786), and retire to his palace at al-Ukhaidir Fortress, where he died in 784.
Glens Falls, New York
Glens Falls is a city in Warren County, New York, United States and is the central city of the Glens Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 14,830 at the 2020 census. The name was given by Colonel Johannes Glen, the falls referring to a large waterfall in the Hudson River at the southern end of the city.

Glens Falls is a city in the southeastern corner of Warren County, surrounded by the town of Queensbury to the north, east, and west, and by the Hudson River and Saratoga County to the south. Glens Falls is known as "Hometown U.S.A.", a title Look magazine gave it in 1944. The city has also referred to itself as the "Empire City."

Warren County, New York
Warren County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,737. The county seat is Queensbury. The county was established in 1813 and is named in honor of General Joseph Warren, an American Revolutionary War hero of the Battle of Bunker Hill. The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.