hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Petroleum trap
In petroleum geology, a trap is a geological structure affecting the reservoir rock and caprock of a petroleum system allowing the accumulation of hydrocarbons in a reservoir. Traps can be of two types: stratigraphic or structural. Structural traps are the most important type of trap as they represent the majority of the world's discovered petroleum resources.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Lincoln County, Mississippi
Lincoln County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 34,907. Its county seat is Brookhaven. The county was created by the legislature on April 7, 1870, during the Reconstruction Era. It was formed from portions of Lawrence, Pike, Franklin, Copiah, and Amite counties. It was named for Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States. Lincoln County comprises the Brookhaven, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Jackson–Vicksburg–Brookhaven Combined Statistical Area. The county is southwest of the state capital of Jackson.

Franklin County, Mississippi
Franklin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,675. Its county seat is Meadville. The county was formed on December 21, 1809, from portions of Adams County and named for Founding Father Benjamin Franklin. It is bisected by the Homochitto River, which runs diagonally through the county from northeast to southwest.
Prix Charles Peignot
The Prix Charles Peignot (Charles Peignot Prize) is a major award in typeface design, given "to a designer under the age of 35 who has made an outstanding contribution to type design". It is awarded irregularly, typically every three to five years, by the Association Typographique Internationale (ATypI, the international typographic association). It was first given in 1982.

The prize is named after Charles Peignot (1897–1983), type designer, director of the Deberny & Peignot type foundry, and founder and first president of ATypI.

ATypI
The ATypI (/eɪˈtaɪpaɪ/) or Association Typographique Internationale (the International Typography Association) is an international non-profit organisation dedicated to typography and type design. The primary activity of the association is an annual conference, held in a different global city each year.
Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House has 100 members elected from an equal number of constituencies across the state. Each district has an average population of 30,137, according to the 2020 federal census. Members are elected to two-year terms and, since the 2014 Amendment to the Arkansas Constitution, limited to sixteen years cumulative in either house.

The Arkansas House of Representatives meets annually, in regular session in odd number years and for a fiscal session in even number years, at the State Capitol in Little Rock.

Arkansas General Assembly
The General Assembly of Arkansas is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arkansas. The legislature is a bicameral body composed of the upper house Arkansas Senate with 35 members, and the lower Arkansas House of Representatives with 100 members. All 135 representatives and state senators represent an equal number of constituent districts.

The General Assembly convenes on the second Monday of every year. In odd-numbered years it may consider any bill or resolution; in even-numbered years it may only consider appropriations bills. A session lasts for 60 days unless the legislature votes to extend it. The governor of Arkansas can issue a "call" for a special session during the interims between regular sessions. The General Assembly meets at the Arkansas State Capitol in Little Rock.
Domhnall Dubh
Domhnall Dubh ("Black Donald", died 1545) was a Scottish nobleman. He was the son of Aonghas Óg, chief of Clan Donald (Clann Domhnaill), and claimant to the Lordship of the Isles, which had been held by his grandfather John of Islay, Earl of Ross (Eoin MacDomhnaill). While just an infant, Domhnall Dubh was captured by Colin Campbell, 1st Earl of Argyll and imprisoned in Innischonnel Castle in Loch Awe. He remained in captivity for most of his life. He died at Drogheda, Ireland, in 1545.

Aonghas Óg
Aonghas Óg (died 1490) was a Scottish nobleman who was the last independent Lord of the Isles. Aonghas became a rebel against both his father and the Scottish crown, in a civil clan war which would see the end of the independent Lordship of the Isles.
Campo de Cahuenga
Campo de Cahuenga (/kəˈwɛŋɡə/ ⓘ) is an adobe and memorial park located at the site of the signing of the 1847 Treaty of Cahuenga, a ceasefire agreement which ended the American conquest of California. Situated near Cahuenga Pass, in the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles, the current structure was built in 1950 and serves as a historic interpretation center dedicated to the Treaty of Cahuenga, signed between Lieutenant Colonel John C. Frémont, representing the American forces, and General Andrés Pico, representing the Californio forces.

Conquest of California
The Conquest of California, also known as the Conquest of Alta California or the California Campaign, was a military campaign during the Mexican–American War carried out by the United States in Alta California (modern-day California), then part of Mexico, lasting from 1846 to 1847, and ending with signing of the Treaty of Cahuenga by military leaders from both the Californios and Americans.
The Well of the World's End
The Well of the World's End is an Anglo-Scottish Border fairy tale, recorded in the Scottish Lowlands, collected by Joseph Jacobs in English Fairy Tales. His source was The Complaynt of Scotland, and he notes the tale's similarity to the German Frog Prince. Like that tale, it is Aarne-Thompson type 440, "The Frog King" or "Iron Henry".

The Frog Prince
"The Frog Prince; or, Iron Henry" (German: Der Froschkönig oder der eiserne Heinrich, literally "The Frog King or the Iron Henry") is a German fairy tale collected by the Brothers Grimm and published in 1812 in Grimm's Fairy Tales (KHM 1). Traditionally, it is the first story in their folktale collection. The tale is classified as Aarne-Thompson type 440.

"The Frog Prince" can be compared to the similar eastern European fairy tale "The Frog Princess".
Lombardini (company)
Lombardini Srl was an Italian manufacturer of diesel engines up to 134HP, which is now part of American manufacturer Kohler Co. after acquisition. The company was founded in Reggio Emilia by brothers Adelmo and Rainero Lombardini in 1933 under the name of "Lombardini Fabbrica Italiana Motori S.p.A.". Adelmo Lombardini had already been manufacturing combustion engines since 1922 with a company called "Società Anonima Cooperativa Metallurgica" in Novellara (RE).

Along with engines, the company of the two Lombardini brothers manufactured finished products such as pumping sets. After World War II this trend increased with production of agricultural tractors and tillers.

Kohler Co.
Kohler Co., is an American manufacturing company founded in 1873 by John Michael Kohler, based in Kohler, Wisconsin.  Kohler is best known for its plumbing products, but the company also manufactures furniture, cabinetry, tile, engines, and generators. Destination Kohler also owns various hospitality establishments in the United States and Scotland. In February 2017, Kohler Co. acquired UK-based Clarke Energy from the management team and ECI Partners, a multinational specialist in the engineering, construction, installation, and maintenance of engine-based power plants and an authorized distributor of GE's reciprocating engines in 19 countries worldwide. In November 2023, it was announced that Kohler is establishing the Energy group independently and would be bought in a complex partnership with private equity group Platinum Equity; the deal is slated to close in Q1 2024 and rebranded as Rehlko, an anagram of Kohler.
University of Wisconsin–La Crosse
The University of Wisconsin–La Crosse (UWL or UW–La Crosse) is a public research university in La Crosse, Wisconsin, United States. Established in 1909 as La Crosse State Normal School, it is part of the University of Wisconsin System and offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees. With 9,600 undergraduate and 1,000 graduate students, UW-La Crosse is composed of four schools and colleges offering 102 undergraduate programs, 31 graduate programs, and 2 doctoral programs. UW-La Crosse has over 95,000 alumni across all 50 U.S. states and 57 countries as of 2021.

The UW-La Crosse Eagle's 21 athletic teams compete in the Wisconsin Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, in NCAA's Division III. The university mascot is Stryker the Eagle.

University of Wisconsin System
The University of Wisconsin System is a state public university system in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is one of the largest public higher-education systems in the country, enrolling more than 160,000 students each year and employing approximately 41,000 faculty and staff statewide. The system is headquartered in the state capital of Madison.

The University of Wisconsin System comprises two major doctoral research universities, eleven other comprehensive universities, and eight two-year branch campuses. At its peak, the system had 14 two-year colleges, of which six have since been shut down. When comparing state and local funding per student given to two-year institutions, Wisconsin ranked 4th in the nation in 2023. This was in contrast to four-year institutions where Wisconsin ranked 42nd.
Route Twisk
Route Twisk (Chinese: 荃錦公路) is a steep and tortuous dual-lane road in Hong Kong, linking Tsuen Wan and Pat Heung via Shek Kong. It joins Kam Tin Road and Lam Kam Road north in Kam Tin, and ends in the Tsuen Kam Interchange south in Tsuen Wan.

It was named for the initials of the two places it links: Tsun Wan (ie Tsuen Wan) and Shek Kong. A further suggestion is that it was a misprint of the identification Route TW/SK in a construction project document.

It is the only link to Tai Mo Shan Road, the road leading to Tai Mo Shan, the highest peak in Hong Kong. The last section of Stage 8 of the MacLehose Trail runs along Tai Mo Shan Road. Opposite this intersection is a car park, and the starting point of Stage 9 of the trail, which continues in a westerly direction. Because the road is narrow and steep with many bends, vehicles longer than 10 metres are prohibited except for some buses that have obtained permits to run on the road.

Tsuen Kam Interchange
The Tsuen Kam Interchange (Chinese: 荃錦交匯處) is a traffic interchange located in the Tsuen Wan District of the New Territories, Hong Kong. The Tsuen Kam Interchange is a clockwise roundabout with three lanes, measuring a total length of 450 meters. It has six exits that provide access to various areas including Sha Tin, Kwai Chung, Kowloon, Tsuen Wan, Tuen Mun, Kam Tin, and Shek Kong. The entire Tsuen Kam Interchange is designated as a route for New Territories taxis.
Voyageurs Cup
The Voyageurs Cup (French: Coupe des Voyageurs) is the domestic trophy for professional soccer in Canada, awarded to the best men's club in the country.

The trophy was conceived and commissioned by fans of the Canada men's national team, the Voyageurs. From 2002 to 2007, the cup was awarded annually to the Canadian team finishing with the best record in the USL First Division, from regular-season matches against other Canadian teams in the league. Since 2008, the trophy has been presented to the winner of the Canadian Championship, which also awards Canada's berth in the CONCACAF Champions Cup. The current cup holders are Vancouver Whitecaps FC, after winning the 2025 Canadian Championship.

Canadian Championship
The Canadian Championship (French: Championnat canadien) is an annual soccer tournament contested by Canadian professional teams. The winner is awarded the Voyageurs Cup and a berth in the CONCACAF Champions Cup. It is contested by eight Canadian Premier League sides, three Major League Soccer sides, and the four champions of the Alberta Premier League, British Columbia Premier League, Ontario Premier League, and Ligue1 Québec. The tournament is organized by the Canadian Soccer Association and has been broadcast on OneSoccer since 2019 with some matches simulcast on TSN.
Labrador Park MRT station
Labrador Park MRT station is an underground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the Circle Line, located within Bukit Merah planning area, Singapore.

Built underneath Telok Blangah Road near the junctions of Alexandra Road and Labrador Villa Road, this station was named after the nearby Labrador Nature Reserve. It is the nearest MRT station to the PSA Building and Gillman Barracks, the latter of which is now home to numerous art galleries.

Labrador Nature Reserve
Labrador Nature Reserve (Chinese: 拉柏多自然保护区, Malay: Kawasan Simpanan Alam Semulajadi Labrador), also known locally as Labrador Park (拉柏多公园, Taman Labrador), is located in the southern part of mainland Singapore. It is home to the only rocky sea-cliff on the mainland that is accessible to the public. Since 2002, 10 hectares of coastal secondary-type vegetation and its rocky shore have been gazetted as a nature reserve and its flora and fauna preserved by NParks.
Dan Vickerman Cup
The Dan Vickerman Cup is a rugby union match, initially contested as a one-off match in 2017, and afterwards biannually, in Super Rugby between the ACT Brumbies and the NSW Waratahs. The Dan Vickerman Cup was introduced in 2017 to commemorate Dan Vickerman.

New South Wales Waratahs
The New South Wales Waratahs (/ˈwɒrətɑːz/ or /ˌwɒrəˈtɑːz/;), often referred to as the Waratahs, are an Australian professional rugby union team based in Sydney that represents the majority of New South Wales in the Super Rugby Pacific competition. The Waratahs play their home games at the new Sydney Football Stadium.
2024 Monza Formula 2 round
The 2024 Monza Formula 2 round was a motor racing event held between 30 August and 1 September 2024 at the Monza Circuit. It was the eleventh round of the 2024 Formula 2 Championship and was held in support of the 2024 Italian Grand Prix.

The Feature Race of this round was notable for Gabriel Bortoleto's charge through the field as he won the race from a record-setting 22nd place on the starting grid. This allowed him to cut title rival Isack Hadjar's lead from 35.5 points to 10.5 points reigniting the title race with three rounds to go.

2024 Italian Grand Prix
The 2024 Italian Grand Prix (officially known as the Formula 1 Pirelli Gran Premio d'Italia 2024) was a Formula One motor race held on 1 September 2024 at the Monza Circuit in Monza, Italy. It was the sixteenth round of the 2024 Formula One World Championship.

The race featured the Grand Prix debut of Franco Colapinto, who drove for Williams until the end of the season. Lando Norris and Oscar Piastri locked out the front row for McLaren, their first at Monza since 2012. The 53-lap race was won by Charles Leclerc of Ferrari, who utilised a one-stop strategy to take the team’s first win at Monza since 2019. Piastri and Norris rounded out the podium, the latter scoring the fastest lap.
Lewis Fork Wilderness
The  Lewis Fork Wilderness is an area in the Mount Rogers National Recreation Area protected by the Eastern Wilderness Act of Congress to maintain its present, natural condition. As part of the wilderness system, it is intended to preserve a variety of natural life forms and contribute to a diversity of plant and animal gene pools. Over half of the ecosystems in the United States exist within designated wilderness.

The highlight of the wilderness is Mount Rogers, which at 5729 feet is the tallest mountain in Virginia and the highest point in the Appalachians between North Carolina and New Hampshire.  With frequent cloud cover and moist moss draping from rocks and tree limbs, the wooded area at the top of the mountain creates a sense of awe in a silence so quiet that a finger snap can produce an echo.

The area is part of the Mount Rogers Cluster.

Mount Rogers National Recreation Area
Mount Rogers National Recreation Area is a United States national recreation area (NRA) in southwestern Virginia near the border with Tennessee and North Carolina. It centerpiece is the Lewis Fork Wilderness containing Mount Rogers, the highest point in the state of Virginia with a summit elevation of 5,729 feet (1746 m). The recreation area is under the jurisdiction of the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests. The recreation area was established by an act of the United States Congress on May 31, 1966.

Grayson Highlands State Park adjoins the recreation area on the south, near Mount Rogers, and the park provides the best known access to the peak and the NRA.

The recreation area is within the Mount Rogers Cluster.
Cari Tuna
Cari Tuna (born October 4, 1985) is an American philanthropist. Formerly a reporter for The Wall Street Journal, she is the co-founder and Chair of the philanthropic organizations Good Ventures and Coefficient Giving. She is married to Facebook and Asana co-founder Dustin Moskovitz. Tuna and Moskovitz were included in Time's 2025 "Time 100 Philanthropy" list for their "data-focused approach to direct funds to causes where they can do the most good." Forbes has described her as "one of the most generous philanthropists in the world."

Dustin Moskovitz
Dustin Aaron Moskovitz (/ˈmɒskəvɪts/; born May 22, 1984) is an American internet entrepreneur who co-founded the social media service Facebook and its parent company Meta Platforms with Mark Zuckerberg, Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum and Chris Hughes. In 2008, he left Facebook to co-found Asana with Justin Rosenstein. In March 2011, Forbes reported Moskovitz to be the youngest self-made billionaire in the world, on the basis of his then 2.34% share in Facebook. According to Forbes, as of May 2025, Moskovitz's estimated net worth stood at US$17.4 billion, making him the 125th richest individual in the world.
Chenopodioideae
The Chenopodioideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae in the APG III system, which is largely based on molecular phylogeny, but were included – together with other subfamilies – in the family Chenopodiaceae, or goosefoot family, in the Cronquist system.

Food species comprise spinach (Spinacia oleracea), Good King Henry (Blitum bonus-henricus), several Chenopodium species (quinoa, kañiwa, fat hen), orache (Atriplex spp.), and epazote (Dysphania ambrosioides). The name is Greek for goosefoot, the common name of a genus of plants having small greenish flowers.

Atriplex
Atriplex (/ˈætrɪplɛks/) is a plant genus of about 250 species, known by the common names of saltbush and orache (/ˈɒrɪtʃ, -ətʃ/; also spelled orach). It belongs to the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae s.l.. 
The genus is quite variable and widely distributed. It includes many desert and seashore plants and halophytes, as well as plants of moist environments. 
The generic name originated in Latin and was applied by Pliny the Elder to the edible oraches. The name saltbush derives from the fact that the plants retain salt in their leaves; they are able to grow in areas affected by soil salination.
112th Fighter Squadron
The 112th Fighter Squadron (112 FS) is a unit of the Ohio Air National Guard 180th Fighter Wing located at Toledo Air National Guard Base, Ohio.  The 112th is equipped with the F-16C/D Fighting Falcon.

The squadron is a descendant organization of the World War I, 112th Aero Squadron, established on 18 August 1917. It was reformed on 20 June 1927, as the 112th Observation Squadron, and is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.

180th Fighter Wing
The 180th Fighter Wing is a unit of the Ohio Air National Guard, stationed at Toledo Air National Guard Base, Ohio. If activated to federal service, the Wing is gained by the United States Air Force Air Combat Command.

The 112th Fighter Squadron, assigned to the Wing's 180th Operations Group, is a descendant organization of the World War I 112th Aero Squadron, established on 18 August 1917. It was reformed on 20 June 1927, as the 112th Observation Squadron, and is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.
Pseudospectral knotting method
In applied mathematics, the pseudospectral knotting method is a generalization and enhancement of the standard pseudospectral method for optimal control. Introduced by I. Michael Ross and F. Fahroo in 2004, it forms part of the collection of the Ross–Fahroo pseudospectral methods.

Ross–Fahroo pseudospectral method
Introduced by I. Michael Ross and F. Fahroo, the Ross–Fahroo pseudospectral methods are a broad collection of pseudospectral methods for optimal control.  Examples of the Ross–Fahroo pseudospectral methods are the pseudospectral knotting method, the flat pseudospectral method, the Legendre-Gauss-Radau pseudospectral method and pseudospectral methods for infinite-horizon optimal control.
Cobalt tetracarbonyl hydride
Cobalt tetracarbonyl hydride is an organometallic compound with the formula HCo(CO)4. It is a volatile, yellow liquid that forms a colorless vapor and has an intolerable odor. The compound readily decomposes upon melt and in absentia of high CO partial pressures forms Co2(CO)8. Despite operational challenges associated with its handling, the compound has received considerable attention for its ability to function as a catalyst in hydroformylation. In this respect, HCo(CO)4 and related derivatives have received significant academic interest for their ability to mediate a variety of carbonylation (introduction of CO into inorganic compounds) reactions.

Dicobalt octacarbonyl
Dicobalt octacarbonyl is an organocobalt compound with composition Co2(CO)8. This metal carbonyl is used as a reagent and catalyst in organometallic chemistry and organic synthesis, and is central to much known organocobalt chemistry. It is the parent member of a family of hydroformylation catalysts. Each molecule consists of two cobalt atoms bound to eight carbon monoxide ligands, although multiple structural isomers are known. Some of the carbonyl ligands are labile.
British Weihaiwei
Weihaiwei or Wei-hai-wei, on the northeastern coast of China, was a leased territory of the United Kingdom from 1898 until 1930. The capital was Port Edward (Huancui District, Weihai). The leased territory covered 288 square miles (750 km2) and included the walled city of Weihaiwei, Port Edward just to the north, Weihaiwei Bay, Liu-kung Island and a mainland area of 72 miles (116 km) of coastline running to a depth of 10 miles (16 km) inland, an area roughly coterminous with the Huancui District of modern Weihai City. Together with Lüshunkou (Port Arthur) it controlled the entrance to the Bohai Sea and, thus, the seaward approaches to Beijing.

Liugong Island
Liugong Island (simplified Chinese: 刘公岛; traditional Chinese: 劉公島; pinyin: Liúgōng Dǎo; Wade–Giles: Liu-kung Tao) is a small island located on the northeastern edge of Shandong Peninsula, China, at the mouth of Weihai Bay. It is known as the "birthplace of China's first modern navy" and is also the site of its defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War.