hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rapid application development
Rapid application development (RAD), also called rapid application building (RAB), is both a general term for adaptive software development approaches, and the name for James Martin's method of rapid development. In general, RAD approaches to software development put less emphasis on planning and more emphasis on an adaptive process. Prototypes are often used in addition to or sometimes even instead of design specifications.

RAD is especially well suited for (although not limited to) developing software that is driven by user interface requirements. Graphical user interface builders are often called rapid application development tools. Other approaches to rapid development include the adaptive, agile, spiral, and unified models.

Graphical user interface builder
A graphical user interface builder (or GUI builder), also known as GUI designer or sometimes RAD IDE, is a software development tool that simplifies the creation of GUIs by allowing the designer to arrange  graphical control elements (often called widgets) using a drag-and-drop WYSIWYG editor. Without a GUI builder, a GUI must be built by manually specifying each widget's parameters in the source code, with no visual feedback until the program is run.

User interfaces are commonly programmed using an event-driven architecture, so GUI builders also simplify creating event-driven code. This supporting code connects software widgets with the outgoing and incoming events that trigger the functions providing the application logic.

Some graphical user interface builders automatically generate all the source code for a graphical control element. Others, like Interface Builder or Glade Interface Designer, generate serialized object instances that are then loaded by the application.
Rosa Zagnoni Marinoni
Rosa Zagnoni Marinoni (January 5, 1888 – March 26, 1970) was an American poet. Marinoni had more than 1,000 of her short stories published in 70 magazines and her poems were published in more than 900 U.S. and international publications. Arkansas governor Benjamin Travis Laney named October 15, 1948, the state's first annual Poetry Day due to her efforts. Her home was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Villa Rosa (Fayetteville, Arkansas)
The Villa Rosa is a historic house at 617 West Lafayette in Fayetteville, Arkansas.  It is a two-story wood-frame structure with a brick exterior and a tile hip roof.  The brick is variegated light colors, reflective of the Renaissance Revival style also evident in the arches surmounting the first-floor windows and doorway.  The entrance is sheltered by a portico with classical columns and a small balcony on top.  The house was built in 1925 by Rosa Zagnoni Marinoni, a prominent regional activist for women's rights and the Arkansas poet laureate in 1953.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
Pablo de Rokha
Carlos Ignacio Díaz Loyola (17 October 1894 – 10 September 1968), known by the pseudonym Pablo de Rokha, was a Chilean vanguard poet. Awarded the Chilean National Prize for Literature in 1965, de Rokha is considered one of the four greats of Chilean poetry.

National Prize for Literature (Chile)
In Chile, the National Prize for Literature (Premio Nacional de Literatura) was created by Law No. 7,368 during the presidency of Juan Antonio Ríos on 9 November 1942. It consists of a lump-sum monetary prize (16 million Chilean pesos, about US$30K) and a lifetime monthly stipend (20 UTM, about US$17K/year). It was originally awarded every year until the amendments introduced by Law No. 17,595 of 1972, when it became biennial. It is regarded as one of the National Prizes in their homeland.

Winners are selected on the overall quality of their works, regardless of genre.
Peng Cheng
Peng Cheng (Chinese: 彭程; pinyin: Péng Chéng; Mandarin pronunciation: [pʰə̌ŋ ʈʂʰə̌ŋ]; April 23, 1997) is a Chinese pair skater. With her current partner Wang Lei, she is the 2023 Cup of China bronze medalist and 2023 Chinese national champion.

With former partner Jin Yang, she is a two-time Four Continents medalist (silver in 2020, bronze in 2019), two-time Grand Prix Final silver medalist (2018–19, 2019–20), and the 2017 Asian Winter Games silver medalist. Peng/Jin represented China at the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics.

With former partner Zhang Hao, she is the 2015 Four Continents silver medalist and competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

2019–20 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final
The 2019–20 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final and ISU Junior Grand Prix Final  was held from December 5–8, 2019 at the Torino Palavela in Turin, Italy. The combined event was the culmination of two international series — the Grand Prix of Figure Skating and the Junior Grand Prix. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance on the senior and junior levels.

Strasbourg, France was announced as the provisional host, before being changed to Turin.
2019 British Academy Television Awards
The 2019 British Academy Television Awards were held on 12 May 2019 at the Royal Festival Hall in London.

The nominations were announced on 28 March 2019, whilst the nominations for the "Virgin TV's Must-See Moment" were announced on 27 March 2019. The 2019 British Academy Television Craft Awards were held on 28 April 2019.

On 2 April 2019, it was announced that Graham Norton, following a two-year hiatus, would return to host the 2019 BAFTA Television Awards.

2019 British Academy Television Craft Awards
The 20th Annual British Academy Television Craft Awards are presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) and was held on 28 April 2019. The awards were held at The Brewery, City of London, and given in recognition of technical achievements in British television of 2018.
Al-Tirmidhi
Muhammad ibn Isa al-Tirmidhi (Arabic: محمد بن عيسى الترمذي, romanized: Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā at-Tirmidhī; 824 – 9 October 892 CE / 209–279 AH), often referred to as Imām at-Termezī/Tirmidhī, was an Islamic scholar, and collector of hadith from Termez (early Khorasan and in present-day Uzbekistan). He wrote al-Jami` as-Sahih (known as Jami` at-Tirmidhi), one of the six canonical hadith compilations in Sunni Islam. He also wrote Shama'il Muhammadiyah (popularly known as Shama'il at-Tirmidhi), a compilation of hadiths concerning the person and character of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. At-Tirmidhi was also well versed in Arabic grammar, favoring the school of Kufa over Basra due to the former's preservation of Arabic poetry as a primary source.

Termez
Termez (/tɜːrˈmɛz/ tər-MEZ) is the capital of Surxondaryo Region in southern Uzbekistan. Administratively, it is a district-level city. Its population is 182,800 (2021). It is notable as the site of Alexander the Great's city Alexandria on the Oxus, as a center of early Buddhism, as a site of Muslim pilgrimage, and as a base of Soviet Union military operations in Afghanistan, accessible via the nearby Hairatan border crossing.
Colorado Aviation Historical Society
The Colorado Aviation Historical Society (CAHS) is located at the Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum Old Lowry AFB Campus, Denver, CO and was founded in 1966. The Society acquires, restores, preserves and provides for public display, aircraft and other objects, documents, items and things of present or historical interest or value in connection with the development and history of aviation in the State of Colorado. CAHS hosts many aviation events and participates in many of Colorado's air shows and fly-ins. The Society has regular membership meetings and publishes a quarterly history journal. The Society owns an Alexander Eaglerock Model 24 Long Wings airplane which is on display at the Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum.  The Society also owns a Steen Skybolt aerobatic biplane which is on display at the Pueblo Weisbrod Aircraft Museum Pueblo Airport, Pueblo, CO.

Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum
The Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum (WOTR) is located on the former Lowry Air Force Base in Denver, Colorado, United States. The museum preserves the history of Lowry AFB's operations from 1938 to 1994 in its collections, archives, and research library.
Dinuguan
Dinuguan (Tagalog pronunciation: [dɪnʊgʊˈʔan]) is a Filipino savory stew usually of pork offal (typically lungs, kidneys, intestines, ears, heart and snout) and/or meat simmered in a rich, spicy dark gravy of pig blood, garlic, chili (most often siling haba), and vinegar.

Blood as food
Blood is used as food in many religions and cultures, often in combination with meat. The blood may be in the form of blood sausage or other solidified form, as a thickener for sauces, a cured salted form for times of food scarcity, or in a blood soup. This is a product from domesticated animals, obtained at a place and time where the blood can run into a container and be swiftly consumed or processed. In many cultures, the animal is slaughtered. In some cultures and religions, blood is a taboo food. In  Singapore the sale of blood products for consumption is illegal.

Blood consists predominantly of protein and water, and is sometimes called "liquid meat" because its composition is similar to that of lean meat. Blood collected hygienically can be used for human consumption; otherwise it is converted to blood meal. Certain fractions of animal blood are used in human medicine.
Louis Jaurès
Louis Jaurès (18 August 1860 – 30 October 1937) was a French naval officer who rose to the rank of rear admiral during World War I.
He was the brother of the statesman Jean Jaurès.
After retirement he was elected a deputy in the National Assembly of France.

Jean Jaurès
Auguste Marie Joseph Jean Léon Jaurès (3 September 1859 – 31 July 1914), commonly referred to as Jean Jaurès (French: [ʒɑ̃ ʒɔʁɛs] ⓘ; Occitan: Joan Jaurés [dʒuˈan dʒawˈɾes]), was a French socialist leader. Initially a Moderate Republican, he later became a social democrat and one of the first possibilists (the reformist wing of the socialist movement) and in 1902 the leader of the French Socialist Party, which opposed Jules Guesde's revolutionary Socialist Party of France. The two parties merged in 1905 into the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO). An antimilitarist, he was assassinated in 1914 at the outbreak of World War I but remains one of the main historical figures of the French Left. As a heterodox Marxist, Jaurès rejected the concept of the dictatorship of the proletariat and tried to conciliate idealism and materialism, individualism and collectivism, democracy and class struggle, and patriotism and internationalism.
New Jack
Jerome Young (January 3, 1963 – May 14, 2021) was an American professional wrestler better known by his ring name New Jack. He was best known for his time with Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), where he became notorious for his willingness to take dangerous bumps and for his stiff hardcore wrestling style, often taking high risks and known for shooting on opponents, for example his altercation with Gypsy Joe in 2003. In 1996, he was a key figure in the Mass Transit incident. He is also known for being the only wrestler to have had his entrance music ("Natural Born Killaz" by Ice Cube and Dr. Dre) play throughout his matches in ECW. After the promotion closed in 2001, Young spent the rest of his career on the independent circuit until his death in May 2021.

Mass Transit incident (professional wrestling)
The Mass Transit incident was a professional wrestling controversy that took place during an Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) house show on November 23, 1996, at the Wonderland Greyhound Park in Revere, Massachusetts, United States. 17-year-old Erich Kulas, an aspiring professional wrestler who used the ring name "Mass Transit", was seriously injured in a tag team match against The Gangstas; the most severe injury occurred when Kulas was bladed too deeply by New Jack (Jerome Young), severing two of his arteries. Further controversy arose when it came to light that Kulas had lied to ECW owner and booker Paul Heyman about his age and professional wrestling training.

The incident led to the temporary cancellation of the inaugural ECW pay-per-view Barely Legal and legal action against Young. Due to Kulas's deception, however, Barely Legal was reinstated and the legal action ended in Young's favor.
Catholic Church in Tibet
The Catholic Church is a minority religious organization in Tibet, where Tibetan Buddhism is the faith of the majority of people. Its origin dates from the 17th century, when António de Andrade, a Portuguese Jesuit through Jesuit missions in Tibet, introduced Catholicism into the Kingdom of Guge in western Tibet.

The Catholic Church of Lhasa was the first Catholic church built in Tibet, but was destroyed in 1745. Today, Our Lady of the Sacred Heart Church at Yerkalo in Chamdo is the only Catholic church in the Chinese communist government-designated Tibet Autonomous Region, in addition to chapels and churches scattered throughout the incorporated Tibetan territories in Sichuan (Szechwan) and Yunnan.

Our Lady of the Sacred Heart Church, Yerkalo
Our Lady of the Sacred Heart Church, commonly referred to as Catholic Church of Yerkalo or Yanjing Catholic Church, is a Catholic church located in Yerkalo (Tibetan: ཚ་ཁ་ལྷོ, Wylie: tsha kha lho, THL: Tsakalo, lit. 'salt pit'), a village between 2650 and 3109 meters above sea level at the southern end of Markham County (Chamdo, Tibet Autonomous Region) in present-day China.
Carabayllo District
Carabayllo (Spanish pronunciation: [kaɾaβaˈiʝo]) is one of the 43 districts of the province Lima in Peru. It is located in the Cono Norte area of the province and was created district by General José de San Martín in August 4, 1821 at which time it was the only district to occupy the area north of the Rímac River up to the province Canta.

Cono Norte
The Cono Norte (recently being called Lima Norte) is one of the five areas that make up the Lima Metropolitan Area. It is located in the northern part of the metropolis, hence its name. The socioeconomic levels of its residents are varied. The districts of Ancón and Santa Rosa (both in the far north of the province) are the popular beach resorts (but not residential areas) for wealthier residents of Lima. The rest of the population comprises middle class and lower class residents. It is one of the most populated areas of Peru.
Kim Woojin
Kim Woojin (Korean: 김우진; born April 8, 1997) is a South Korean singer and actor. He is a former member of the boy group Stray Kids, formed by JYP Entertainment in 2017. After leaving the group in late 2019, Kim debuted as a soloist in 2021 with the release of his first extended play (EP) The Moment: A Minor. Kim has since released two additional EPs.

Outside of music, Kim has ventured into acting, most notably with a starring role in HBO Max's Brazilian TV series Além do Guarda-Roupa (English: My Magic Closet). Originally signed to 10x Entertainment for solo activities, Kim has been under contract to Kustomade since the label's acquisition by SM Entertainment in 2024.

Kreation Music Rights
Kreation Music Rights is a South Korean music publishing company and a subsidiary of SM Entertainment. It was launched in 2023 as part of the company's SM 3.0 strategy. As of April 2025, KMR has recruited over 200 songwriters, making it the largest company of its kind in the K-pop industry.
Reinheitsgebot
The Reinheitsgebot (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪnhaɪtsɡəˌboːt] ⓘ; lit. 'purity order') is a series of regulations limiting the ingredients in beer in Germany and the states of the former Holy Roman Empire. The best known version of the law was adopted in Bavaria in 1516 (by William IV), but similar regulations predate the Bavarian order, and modern regulations also significantly differ from the 1516 Bavarian version. Although today the Reinheitsgebot is mentioned in various texts about the history of beer, historically it was only applied in the duchy, electorate, then Kingdom of Bavaria and from 1906 in Germany as a whole, and it had little or no effect in other countries or regions. However, Norway adopted a similar law in 1912.

William IV, Duke of Bavaria
William IV (German: Wilhelm IV; 13 November 1493 – 7 March 1550) was Duke of Bavaria from 1508 to 1550, until 1545 together with his younger brother Louis X, Duke of Bavaria.
He was born in Munich to Albert IV and Kunigunde of Austria, a daughter of Emperor Frederick III.
Mukim Seria
Mukim Seria is a mukim in Belait District, Brunei. It has an area of 169 square kilometres (65 sq mi); the population was 21,214 in 2016. The mukim encompasses Seria, one of the only two towns in the district. It is home to the oil and gas industry of the country.

Seria
Seria or officially known as Seria Town (Malay: Pekan Seria), is a town in Belait District, Brunei. It is located about 65 kilometres (40 mi) west from the country's capital Bandar Seri Begawan. The total population was 3,625 in 2016. It was where oil was first struck in Brunei in 1929 and has since become a centre for the country's oil and gas industry.
6th Battalion (Australia)
The 6th Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army. Originally formed in 1914 for service during the First World War, the battalion fought at Gallipoli and on the Western Front. The battalion was disbanded in 1919 but was re-raised in 1921 as part of the Citizens Force, and adopted the title of "Royal Melbourne Regiment" in 1935. The battalion did not serve overseas during the Second World War and was eventually disbanded in 1944. It was re-raised in 1948 and remained in existence until 1960 when it was absorbed into the Royal Victoria Regiment. Today its honours and traditions are maintained by the 5th/6th Battalion, Royal Victoria Regiment.

5th/6th Battalion, Royal Victoria Regiment
The 5th/6th Battalion ("5/6 RVR") is one of two battalions of the Royal Victoria Regiment, and is an infantry battalion of the Australian Army. The battalion traces its lineage back to many units that existed prior to Federation, as well as units that fought during World War I and World War II and the battalion carries the battle honours of these units as a mark of respect. Today 5/6 RVR is part of the 4th Brigade, 2nd Division and is based at various depots around Melbourne, Victoria. Recently, members from the battalion have been involved in deployments to the Middle East, East Timor, the Solomon Islands and Malaysia as part of Rifle Company Butterworth.
Peter Thorne (RAF officer)
Air Commodore Peter Donald Thorne, OBE, AFC & Two Bars (3 June 1923 – 5 April 2014) was a fighter pilot and test pilot in the Royal Air Force (RAF), who held diplomatic posts in Tehran and Moscow during the 1970s.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
Kamptal
Kamptal is an Austrian wine, tourism, culture and health region located in Waldviertel, Lower Austria. It is named by the river Kamp.

To the north of Krems lies Langenlois, which is the main vine-town of Kamptal, the valley of the river Kamp. The sandstone slopes are so steep that only a thin layer of soil is retained. Exposure to the sun is high. Riesling thrives on these steep slopes; closer to the Danube the valley broadens and more red grapes are grown.

Another prominent town in the Kamptal is Gars am Kamp.

Kamp (river)
The Kamp (German pronunciation: [kamp] ⓘ) is a 168-kilometre-long (104 mi) river in northern Austria, left tributary of the Danube. Its drainage basin is 2,177 km2 (841 sq mi).

The source of the Kamp is on the border of Lower Austria and Upper Austria, near the town Liebenau, in the Mühlviertel. It flows generally east through Rappottenstein (where it receives its tributary Kleine Kamp), Zwettl, Krumau am Kamp, Gars am Kamp and Langenlois. Most of the southern part of the valley belongs to the Kamptal vine region. Before the construction of the hydropower plant in the Danube at Altenwörth in the 1970s, the Kamp flowed into the Danube near Grafenwörth, east of Krems an der Donau. Its discharge point was moved to Altenwörth, and the waters of the river Krems, that used to be a direct tributary of the Danube, were redirected to the Kamp.
1970 London to Mexico World Cup Rally
The 1970 London-Mexico World Cup Rally was the first of two World Cup Rallies to be held and the second of four marathon rallies to be held in a nine-year period beginning with the 1968 London-Sydney Marathon. The motor rally started at Wembley Stadium in London on 19 April 1970 and finished in Mexico City on 27 May 1970, covering approximately 16,000 miles (25,700 km) through Europe and South America. It was won by Hannu Mikkola and Gunnar Palm, driving a Ford Escort.

Ford Escort (Europe)
The Ford Escort is a small family car that was manufactured by Ford of Europe from 1968 until 2004. In total, the six generations were spread across three basic platforms: the original, rear-wheel-drive Mk.1/Mk.2 (1968–1980), the "Erika" front-wheel-drive Mk.3/Mk.4 (1980–1992), and the final CE-14 Mk.5/Mk.6 (1990–2002) version. Its successor, the Ford Focus, was released in 1998, but the final generation of Escort was phased out gradually, with the panel van version ending production in 2002 in favour of the Ford Transit Connect.

The Escort was frequently the best-selling car in Britain during the 1980s and 1990s. More than 4.1 million Escorts of all generations were sold there over a period of 33 years.

In 2014, Ford revived the Escort name for a car based on the second-generation Ford Focus, sold on the Chinese market.
Clovis Independent
The Clovis Independent was an American newspaper founded in 1919 that ceased its publication in 2008, under its last editor, Patti J. Lippertt. It served Clovis, California and Fresno County. The end of the paper was part of a larger cost-cutting effort by The McClatchy Company, which resulted in layoffs across many McClatchy papers, including the Fresno Bee and Sacramento Bee.

McClatchy
McClatchy Media Company, also known as McClatchy, is an American publishing company incorporated under Delaware's General Corporation Law. Originally based in Sacramento, California, United States, and known as The McClatchy Company, it became a subsidiary of Chatham Asset Management, headquartered in Chatham Borough, New Jersey, as a result of its 2020 bankruptcy.

The company operates 29 daily newspapers in 14 states and has an average weekday circulation of 1.6 million and Sunday circulation of 2.4 million. In 2006, it purchased Knight Ridder, which at the time was the second-largest newspaper company in the United States. In 2024, McClatchy merged with A360media.

McClatchy journalists have also won nine Pulitzer prizes in their 159-year history, most recently in 2017 for an article on the Panama Papers. They were also finalists in 2015 for articles on government efforts to hide Bush-era CIA Enhanced interrogation techniques.
Carlos Munson
Carlos Walter Munson was a Cuban-American businessman, philanthropist, and politician, and was the former president of the Munson Steamship Line. He was a key figure in the incorporation of Flower Hill, New York, as a village, as well as the establishment of St. Francis Hospital in Flower Hill.

St. Francis Hospital (Flower Hill, New York)
St. Francis Hospital and Heart Center is a 449-bed non-profit teaching hospital located in Flower Hill, New York, United States. It is New York State's only specialty-designated cardiac center.

The hospital is affiliated with the New York Institute of Technology for clerkship education at the New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine.