hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hassan Yuha'min
Hassan Yuha'min (Arabic: حسان يهأمن), full name Hassan Yuha'min ibn Abi Karib As'ad al-Himyari, was a Himyarite king who ruled in the 5th century CE. Originally, he ruled as part of a co-regency with his father, Abu Karib before ruling alongside his brother Sharhabil Ya'fur. Hassan Yuha'min has been featured in many Arabian legends, and is well-remembered for his rule.

Sharhabil Ya'fur
Sharhabil Ya'fur (Arabic: شرحبيل يعفر), also known as 'Amr ibn Tubba' al-Himyari, was a Himyarite king who ruled in the 5th century CE. His rule was unique, as he was the only ruler descended from Dhamar Ali Yahbur II who ruled by himself and did not have a co-regent.
William Toti
William Joseph Toti (born January 15, 1957) is an American Christian minister, author, retired corporate executive, and retired naval officer.  He leads a ministry for active duty military and veterans, and co-hosts a World War II podcast, the "Unauthorized History of the Pacific War".

In the Navy, Toti was the final captain of the Los Angeles-class submarine USS Indianapolis (SSN-697) and served as commodore of Submarine Squadron 3 in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. He is known for his role in the exoneration of Captain Charles B. McVay III of the World War II cruiser USS Indianapolis (CA-35), as well as for his actions during the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on the Pentagon. He authored the 2022 book From CO to CEO: A Practical Guide for Transitioning from Military to Industry Leadership.

Charles B. McVay III
Charles Butler McVay III (August 31, 1898 – November 6, 1968) was an American naval officer and the commanding officer of the cruiser USS Indianapolis which was lost in action in 1945, resulting in a significant loss of life. Of all captains in the history of the United States Navy, he is the only one subjected to court-martial for losing a ship sunk by an act of war, despite the fact that he was on a top secret mission maintaining radio silence.

The testimony of Mochitsura Hashimoto, the Japanese commander who sank his ship, also seemed to exonerate him. After years of mental health problems, McVay committed suicide at 70 years old. Following years of efforts by some survivors and others to clear his name, he was posthumously exonerated by the 106th United States Congress and President Bill Clinton on October 30, 2000.
Mabel Pryde
Mabel Scott Lauder Pryde (12 February 1871 – July 1918) was a Scottish artist, the wife of artist William Nicholson, and the mother of artists Ben Nicholson and Nancy Nicholson and the architect Christopher Nicholson.

Christopher Nicholson
Christopher David George "Kit" Nicholson (16 December 1904 – 28 July 1948) was a British architect and designer. His principal buildings of the 1930s show strong influences of the Rationalist and International Modernist architectural movements.
Hollyrock-a-Bye Baby
Hollyrock-a-Bye Baby (known in a working title as Hollyrock or Bust!) is a 1993 American animated made-for-television film based on the 1960s series classic, The Flintstones. It first aired on ABC on December 5, 1993. It is the sequel to I Yabba-Dabba Do! and is followed by A Flintstone Family Christmas, which aired less than two weeks later on the same network.

I Yabba-Dabba Do!
I Yabba-Dabba Do! is a 1993 American animated romantic comedy made-for-television film based on the 1960s animated series, The Flintstones and is a continuation of the series’ spin-off, The Pebbles and Bamm-Bamm Show. It premiered on ABC on February 7, 1993.
MRS Logística
MRS Logística S.A. (Malha Regional Sudeste, "Southeast Regional Network") is a freight rail company located in Brazil that operates 1,643 kilometers (1,021 mi) of track. It is the concessionary company that operates the Southeastern Federal Railroad Network (formerly SR3 - Juiz de Fora and SR4 - São Paulo of Rede Ferrovária Federal S/A), in the populous states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo.

RFFSA
The Rede Ferroviária Federal, Sociedade Anônima (RFFSA, pronounced as Refesa) (lit. 'Federal Railroad Network, S.A.') was the State-owned national railway company of Brazil created from Brazilian Federal Law #3.115 on March 16, 1957, after several railroads were nationalized by the Brazilian government. However, the railroad did not take full effect until September 30, 1957. The RFFSA linked 42 railways together (both on documents and actual railroads), creating a regional system composed of 22 railroads. The goal of the RFFSA was to promote and advance the railroad sector of Brazil, creating a north-south-east-west rail network in all five regions of Brazil. But it failed and the RFFSA only served four of the five regions with a north-south rail network win 19 units of the federation of Brazil. By 1999, freight service of the railroad was liquidated and privatized, with the passenger service of the railroad liquidations occurring in 2007.
Unique key
In relational database management systems, a unique key is a candidate key. All the candidate keys of a relation can uniquely identify the records of the relation, but only one of them is used as the primary key of the relation. The remaining candidate keys are called unique keys because they can uniquely identify a record in a relation. Unique keys can consist of multiple columns. Unique keys are also called alternate keys. Unique keys are an alternative to the primary key of the relation. In SQL, the unique keys have a UNIQUE constraint assigned to them in order to prevent duplicates (a duplicate entry is not valid in a unique column). Alternate keys may be used like the primary key when doing a single-table select or when filtering in a where clause, but are not typically used to join multiple tables.

Relational database
A relational database (RDB) is a database  based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970.

A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a type of database management system that stores data in a structured format using rows and columns.

Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and updating the database.
Nashua High School South
Nashua High School South, formerly known as Nashua Senior High School, is a public high school located in Nashua, New Hampshire. The school's current location was erected in 1975 with its first class graduating in June 1976. The school was remodeled between 2002 and 2004 when a second school, Nashua High School North, was built. The existing high school building was renamed Nashua High School South. The school serves approximately 1800 students, making it the largest public high school in New Hampshire, and the second largest high school overall, after the private Pinkerton Academy.

Nashua High School North
Nashua High School North is a public high school located in Nashua, New Hampshire. The school's current location was erected in 2002 with its first class graduating in June 2005, one year after the city's high schools officially split into two locations and establishments (with the earlier high school now being renamed Nashua High School South). Generally, students living north of the Nashua River attend "North", as it is commonly referred to. However, students from either school can take certain classes at the other school and be bused over. The school's mascot is the Titans.
Surviving Black Hawk Down
Surviving Black Hawk Down is a 2025 Netflix mini-series historical documentary addressing the Battle of Mogadishu in Somalia, October 1993. The documentary involves interviews with survivors from both sides of the conflict, including Somali fighters and residents of Mogadishu, and is presented in three parts. The series was directed by Jack MacInnes and produced by Ridley Scott Associates. Ridley Scott had previously directed and produced the 2001 war film Black Hawk Down, based on the 1999 book by journalist Mark Bowden. The series was released on February 10, 2025.

Black Hawk Down (book)
Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War is a 1999 book by journalist Mark Bowden. It documents efforts by the Unified Task Force to capture Somali faction leader Mohamed Farrah Aidid in 1993, and the resulting battle in Mogadishu between United States forces and Aidid's militia. One of the key events is the downing of two United States MH-60 Black Hawk helicopters, from which the book derives its title, and the attempt to rescue their crews. United States forces included 3rd Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment; 160th SOAR; Delta Force; 24th Special Tactics Squadron; DEVGRU Navy SEALs; 10th Mountain Division; as well as Malaysian and Pakistani United Nations peacekeeping forces.

The raid became the most intense close combat in U.S. military history since the Vietnam War. Although the overall mission to apprehend Aidid was officially codenamed Operation Gothic Serpent, the media colloquially termed the incident the Battle of Mogadishu as well as the Battle of the Black Sea.
Sverker the Younger
Sverker the Younger (before 1167 – 17 July 1210), also known as Sverker II or Sverker Karlsson, was King of Sweden from 1195 or 1196 to 1208 when he was defeated in the Battle of Lena by Erik Knutsson. Sverker died in the 1210 Battle of Gestilren where his forces battled those of King Erik Knutsson.

Erik Knutsson
Erik Knutsson (Old Norse: Eiríkr Knútsson; c. 1180 – 10 April 1216), sometimes known as Eric X, was King of Sweden between 1208 and 1216. Also known as Erik the Survivor (Swedish: Erik som överlevde), he was, at his accession to the throne, the only remaining son of King Knut Eriksson and his queen, whose name may have been Cecilia.
West Peak (Jefferson County, Washington)
West Peak is a 7,365-foot-elevation (2,245 m) summit in the Olympic Mountains, in Jefferson County of Washington state. Rising in the center of Olympic National Park, it is the highest peak on the Anderson Massif. West Peak is the hydrographic apex of the Olympic Mountains, with precipitation runoff flowing outward to the Pacific Ocean via Quinault River, the Strait of Juan de Fuca via Elwha River, and Hood Canal via the Dosewallips River. The Eel Glacier is situated in a cirque east of the summit, and an unnamed glacier resides in the south cirque. The nearest higher peak is Mount Mystery, 7.73 miles (12.44 km) to the northeast. The first ascent of the peak was made in 1930 by E. B. Hamilton. Legend has it that the mountain's name is for Mr. West, a participant in the 1890 O'Neil Expedition, rather than for its apparent position on the Anderson Massif. The West Branch of the Quinault River was named after him in 1890.

Olympic Mountains
The Olympic Mountains are a mountain range on the Olympic Peninsula of the Pacific Northwest of the United States.  The mountains, part of the Pacific Coast Ranges, are not especially high – Mount Olympus is the highest summit at 7,980 ft (2,432 m); however, the eastern slopes rise precipitously out of Puget Sound from sea level, and the western slopes are separated from the Pacific Ocean by the low-lying 20 to 35 km (12 to 22 mi) wide Pacific Ocean coastal plain. These densely forested western slopes are the wettest place in the 48 contiguous states. Most of the mountains are protected within the bounds of Olympic National Park and adjoining segments of Olympic National Forest.

The mountains are located in western Washington in the United States, spread out across four counties: Clallam, Grays Harbor, Jefferson and Mason. Physiographically, they are a section of the larger Pacific Border province, which is in turn a part of the larger Pacific Mountain System.
Dual-sport motorcycle
A dual-sport motorcycle  is a type of motorcycle that is designed for varying degrees of off-road use while still being street-legal.  Dual-sports are equipped with lights, a speedometer, mirrors, a horn, registration plates, turn signals, and a muffler with spark arrestor and decibel noise output to comply with government regulations. They vary considerably in engine size and weight, though they are typically 510cc or smaller. They are often versions of off-road bikes that have been made legal for street driving.

Other names such as all-road, on/off-road, dual-purpose, and adventure bike may be chosen by the manufacturer based upon the size, weight, and intended application of the motorcycle. Typically the dual sport category weighs less than 400 pounds/180 kilos to make them more comfortable and capable off-road, while adventure bikes are more than 400 pounds/180 kilos to make them more comfortable and capable on the pavement.

Touring motorcycle
A touring motorcycle is a type of motorcycle designed for touring. Although almost any motorcycle can be used for this purpose, manufacturers have developed specific models designed to address the particular needs of these riders. Touring motorcycles commonly have large displacement fairings and windshields that offer a high degree of weather and wind protection, large-capacity fuel tanks for long-distance riding, engines with a great deal of low-end horsepower, and a more relaxed, upright seating position than sport bikes.

Particularly in the US, touring motorcycles may be given names such as bagger, full bagger, full dresser, full dress tourer, or dresser. These monikers (often used disparagingly or jocularly) originally applied to cruisers with full sets of saddlebags or panniers such as Harley-Davidsons; but these terms may now refer to any touring motorcycle.
Družmirje
Družmirje (pronounced [dɾuˈʒmiːɾjɛ], German: Schmersdorf) is a settlement in the Municipality of Šoštanj in northern Slovenia. It lies just east of Šoštanj with much of its territory flooded after the collapse of abandoned shafts in the Šoštanj lignite mine. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Šoštanj
Šoštanj (pronounced [ˈʃóːʃtan] ⓘ; German: Schönstein) is a town in northern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Šoštanj. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The entire municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.
Otis Rush
Otis Rush Jr. (April 29, 1934 – September 29, 2018) was an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter. His distinctive guitar style featured a slow-burning sound and long bent notes. With qualities similar to the styles of other 1950s artists Magic Sam and Buddy Guy, his sound became known as West Side Chicago blues and was an influence on many musicians, including Michael Bloomfield, Peter Green and Eric Clapton.

Rush was left-handed and played as such; however, his guitars were strung with the low E string at the bottom, upside-down from typical guitarists.  He often played with the little finger of his pick hand curled under the low E for positioning. It is widely believed that this contributed to his distinctive sound. He had a wide-ranging, powerful tenor voice.

Mike Bloomfield
Michael Bernard Bloomfield (July 28, 1943 – February 15, 1981) was an American blues guitarist and composer.  Born in Chicago, he became one of the first popular music stars of the 1960s to earn his reputation almost entirely on his instrumental prowess, as he rarely sang before 1969. Respected for his guitar playing, Bloomfield knew and played with many of Chicago's blues musicians before achieving his own fame and was instrumental in popularizing blues music in the mid-1960s. In 1965, he played on Bob Dylan's Highway 61 Revisited, including the single "Like a Rolling Stone", and performed with Dylan at that year's Newport Folk Festival.

Bloomfield was ranked No. 22 on Rolling Stone's list of "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" in 2003 and No. 42 by the same magazine in 2011. He was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in 2012 and, as a member of the Paul Butterfield Blues Band, was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015.
Uragan-class monitor
The Uragan class (also known as the Bronenosetz class, Russian: броненосец, "armor carrier" or "warship") was a class of monitors built for the Baltic Fleet of the Imperial Russian Navy. The ships were built to the plans of the American Passaic-class monitors, a design that was tested on a smaller scale on USS Monitor. A total of 10 ships were constructed at five different shipyards in Saint Petersburg, all entering service in 1865. The ships were among the first ironclad warships in the Russian Navy.

Passaic-class monitor
The Passaic-class ironclad monitors of the U.S. Navy saw service in the U.S. Civil War and the Spanish–American War. The class was an improved version of the USS Monitor equipped with a 15-inch Dahlgren gun in place of one of the 11-inch guns.
Zhang Yining
Zhang Yining (Chinese: 张怡宁; pinyin: Zhāng Yíníng; born 5 October 1981) is a Chinese table tennis player who retired in 2009. She is considered one of the greatest female players in the sport's history. In terms of achievements, she is one of the most successful female table tennis players (alongside Ding Ning, Deng Yaping, Wang Nan, Li Xiaoxia) having won the gold medal in each of the Table Tennis World Cup, the Table Tennis World Championships, and the Olympic Games. She is also the first player overall, and the first female, to have completed a Double Grand Slam.

Wang Nan (table tennis)
Wang Nan (Chinese: 王楠; pinyin: Wáng Nán; born October 23, 1978, in Fushun, Liaoning) is a female Chinese table tennis player from Liaoning. Wang was ranked world #1 on the ITTF ranking system from January 1999 to November 2002. She is left-handed, and began playing table tennis when she was seven years old. Her particular skills are changing the placement of the ball during rallies and her loop drive, as well as her notable speed. Wang has been the leader of the women's table-tennis team of China after Deng Yaping's retirement. In terms of achievements, she is one of the most successful female table tennis players (alongside Li Xiaoxia, Deng Yaping, Ding Ning, Zhang Yining) having won the gold medal in each of the Table Tennis World Cup, the Table Tennis World Championships, and the Olympic Games.
2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification preliminary round
The preliminary round of the 2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification tournament decided four teams which advanced to the group stage of the qualification tournament. The preliminary round consisted of the eight lowest-ranked teams among the 52 entrants: Liberia, Mauritius, Gambia, South Sudan, Chad, São Tomé and Príncipe, Seychelles, and Djibouti.

The eight teams were drawn into four ties and played in home-and-away two-legged format. The four winners advanced to the group stage to join the 44 teams which entered directly.

The first legs were played on 9 October, and the second legs were played on 13 October 2019.

2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification
The 2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualification matches were organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) to decide the participating teams for the 2021 Africa Cup of Nations, the 33rd edition of the international men's football championship of Africa. A total of 24 teams qualified to play in the final tournament, including Cameroon who qualified automatically as hosts.
Organic Statute of Algeria
The Organic Statute of Algeria was a legal framework that outlined the devolution of powers from France to French Algeria through the law of September 20, 1947, officially titled "Organic Statute of Algeria". This law was enacted by the French National Assembly during a period of constitutional reform, nationalist demands, and the early stages of the Algerian War.

It established an Algerian Assembly, proclaimed "effective equality among all French citizens" (Article 2), and granted Algeria some autonomous financial and administrative powers. However, the law was criticized for its failure to address Algerian nationalist aspirations fully and for its unequal implementation.

Algerian Assembly
The Algerian Assembly was the deliberative assembly of French Algeria, created by the law of September 20, 1947, which enacted the Statute of 1947 for Algeria. The assembly was elected three times (April 1948, February 1951, and February 1954) before being dissolved by decree on April 12, 1956.
Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry
Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry (PCMD) was a medical and dental school in England, run in partnership with the University of Exeter, the University of Plymouth and the NHS in Devon and Cornwall. In January 2013 the school began disaggregation to form Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry and the University of Exeter Medical School.

The school had campuses at the University of Plymouth, the University of Exeter, the John Bull Building (Derriford Hospital and Plymouth Science Park), the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital and the Royal Cornwall Hospital. Teaching of medical students also took place at North Devon District Hospital in Barnstaple, South Devon Healthcare Trust in Torbay and General Practices across the region plus a number of community orientated healthcare settings.

University of Plymouth
The University of Plymouth is a public research university based predominantly in Plymouth, England, where the main campus is located, but the university has campuses and affiliated colleges across South West England. With 18,410 students, it is the 57th largest in the United Kingdom by total number of students (including the Open University).
Servian Wall
The Servian Wall (Latin: Murus Servii Tullii; Italian: Mura Serviane) is an ancient Roman defensive barrier constructed around the city of Rome in the early 4th century BC. The wall was built of volcanic tuff and was up to 10 m (33 ft) in height in places, 3.6 m (12 ft) wide at its base, 11 km (6.8 mi) long, and is believed to have had 16 main gates, of which only one or two have survived, and enclosed a total area of 246 hectares (610 acres).  In the 3rd century AD it was superseded by the construction of the larger Aurelian Walls as the city of Rome grew beyond the boundary of the Servian Wall.

Aurelian Walls
The Aurelian Walls (Italian: Mura aureliane) are a line of city walls built between 271 AD and 275 AD in Rome, Italy, during the reign of the Roman Emperor Aurelian. They superseded the earlier Servian Wall built during the 4th century BC.

The walls enclosed all the seven hills of Rome plus the Campus Martius and, on the right bank of the Tiber, the Trastevere district. The river banks within the city limits appear to have been left unfortified, although they were fortified along the Campus Martius. The size of the entire enclosed area is 1,400 hectares (3,500 acres). The wall cut through populated areas: in reality the city at the time embraced 2,400 hectares (5,900 acres). Pliny the Elder in the first century AD suggested that the densely populated areas, extrema tectorum ("the limits of the roofed areas") extended 2.8 kilometres (1.7 mi) from the Golden Milestone in the Forum (Natural History 3.67).
Apollos Smith
Apollos "Paul" Smith (1825–1912) was an American hunting and fishing guide from Vermont who founded the Saint Regis House in the town of Brighton, New York, in the Adirondack Mountains. It was known universally as Paul Smith's Hotel, one of the first wilderness resorts in the Adirondacks of northern Upstate New York. In its day, it was the most fashionable of the many great Adirondack hotels, patronized by American presidents, celebrities, and the power elite of the latter half of the 19th century. It was a large operation, with 255 rooms, stables, and many other amenities.

The hamlet of Paul Smiths, New York, in the town of Brighton in Franklin County, New York, was named after the hotel. Paul Smith's College was founded at this site by a 1937 bequest from Smith's youngest son, Phelps Smith. The college opened in 1946.

Paul Smith's College
Paul Smith's College is a private college in the hamlet/village of Paul Smiths, in the town of Brighton, Franklin County, New York, in the Adirondack Mountains.

Established in 1946, Paul Smith's College offers academic degrees of Associate, Bachelor of Arts, and Master of Arts. Its 14,000-acre campus is one of the largest college campuses in the world. As of 2023, approximately 600 students attend each year.