hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Catechism of Symon Budny
The Catechism (Катихисісъ) is a book of short questions and answers on Christian themes, published on 10 June 1562 in the Nyasvizh printing house by the philosopher and figure of the Reformation movement Symon Budny and the Calvinist preacher Lawrence (Wawrzyniec) Krzyszkowski. It is the first book published within the territory of modern Belarus in the Old Belarusian language.

The Catechism was reprinted three times. The first time in Stockholm in 1628, and subsequent times in Minsk in 2005 and 2012. Until recently, libraries in Belarus did not possess a single copy of this book, and researchers could only study the work in the rare books department of the National Library via a photocopy.

Nyasvizh printing house (16th century)
The Nyasvizh printing house (Нясвіжская друкарня) was a printing press in Nyasvizh (now in Belarus) that operated in the 16th century. It played an important role in the development of Belarusian book printing and the dissemination of the ideas of the Reformation.
River Blackwater, Essex
The River Blackwater is a river in Essex, England. It rises as the River Pant in the northwest of the county, just east of Saffron Walden, and flows in a generally southeast direction to Bocking, near Braintree, via Great Sampford and Great Bardfield. At Bocking, it becomes the River Blackwater, and veers east to flow past Bradwell Juxta Coggeshall and Coggeshall. It then veers south, flowing past Kelvedon and Witham, before reaching Maldon. There, it veers east again and empties into the Blackwater Estuary, which in turn meets the North Sea at Mersea Island.

The River Blackwater has two major tributaries: the River Brain, which meets it just south of Witham, and the River Chelmer, which meets it just east of Maldon. The lower reaches of the Chelmer, from Chelmsford, were canalised in the 1790s, and the navigation diverts water north of the Blackwater through Maldon before emptying into the Blackwater Estuary at Heybridge Basin.

Maldon
Maldon (/ˈmɔːldən/, locally /ˈmɒldən/) is a town and civil parish on the Blackwater Estuary in Essex, England. It is the seat of the Maldon District and starting point of the Chelmer and Blackwater Navigation. It is known for Maldon Sea Salt which is produced in the area. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 14,938, and the Maldon built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics, which extends beyond the parish boundary to also take in Heybridge to the north, had a population of 23,380.
Eastern Visayas
Eastern Visayas (Waray: Sinirangan Kabisay-an; Cebuano: Sidlakang Kabisay-an; Tagalog: Silangang Kabisayaan; Filipino: Silangang Visayas), designated as Region VIII, is an administrative region in the Philippines. It consists of three main islands: Samar, Leyte, and Biliran. The region has six provinces: Biliran, Leyte, Northern Samar, Samar, Eastern Samar, Southern Leyte, one independent city, Ormoc, and one highly urbanized city, Tacloban (its regional center and largest city). The highly urbanized city of Tacloban is the sole regional center. These provinces and cities occupy the easternmost islands of the Visayas group of islands, hence the region's name.

Eastern Visayas faces the Philippine Sea to the east. The region's most famous landmark is the San Juanico Bridge, which links the islands of Samar and Leyte. As of 2024, the Eastern Visayas region has a population of 4,625,929 inhabitants, making it the least populous region in the Visayas.

Waray language
Waray (also known as Waray-Waray or Bisayâ/Binisayâ and Winaray/Waray, Spanish: idioma samareño meaning Samar language) is an Austronesian language and the fifth-most-spoken native regional language of the Philippines, native to Eastern Visayas. It is the native language of the Waray people and second language of the Abaknon people of Capul, Northern Samar, and some Cebuano-speaking peoples of western and southern parts of Leyte island. It is the third most spoken language among the Bisayan languages, only behind Cebuano and Hiligaynon.
John Lambton, 5th Earl of Durham
John Frederick Lambton, 5th Earl of Durham (7 October 1884 – 4 February 1970), briefly styled Viscount Lambton between 1928 and 1929, was a British hereditary peer. Through his sister Lilian, he was an uncle of future Prime Minister Sir Alec Douglas-Home. Lord Durham is best remembered for the donation of Penshaw Monument to the National Trust.

Antony Lambton
Antony Claud Frederick Lambton (10 July 1922 – 30 December 2006), also known as Lord Lambton or Tony Lambton, was a British aristocrat who served as a Conservative Member of Parliament from 1951 to 1973. Styled as Viscount Lambton from 1941 to 1970, he became The 6th Earl of Durham in February 1970 but disclaimed the title soon after. As a result of a sex scandal in 1973, he resigned from Parliament and ministerial office, moving to Italy and living there until his death.
Tiananmen
The Tiananmen /ˈtjɛnənmən/, also Tian'anmen, is the entrance gate of the Forbidden City imperial palace complex and Imperial City in the center of Beijing, China. It is widely used as a national symbol.

First built in 1420 during the Ming dynasty, Tiananmen was the entrance to the Emperor's residence, through which all visitors to the palace walked. In 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China from the balcony, which now features a large portrait of him. Tiananmen is located to the north of Tiananmen Square, and is separated from the plaza by Chang'an Avenue.

Gate of China, Beijing
The Gate of China (traditional Chinese: 中華門; simplified Chinese: 中华门; pinyin: Zhōnghuámén) was a historical ceremonial gateway in Beijing, China, located near the center of latter-day Tiananmen Square. It was demolished in 1954. This gate formed the southern gate of the Imperial City during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was situated on the central axis of Beijing, to the north of Zhengyang Gate, and south of Tiananmen. Unlike these two defensive gates, the Gate of China was a purely ceremonial gateway, with no ramparts, but was a brick-stone structure with three gateways.
Pye International Records
Pye International Records was a record label founded in 1958, as a subsidiary of Pye Records. The company distributed many American labels in the UK, including Chess, King, Colpix, and other labels. It was dissolved in 1979.

There was also an American label of the same name, which was later reorganized in the US as Prelude Records in 1976.

Pye Records
Pye Records is an independent British record label. It was first established in 1955 and played a major role in shaping rock 'n' roll and pop music history, with artists including Lonnie Donegan (1956–1969), Petula Clark (1957–1971), the Searchers (1963–1967), the Kinks (1964–1971), Sandie Shaw (1964–1971), Status Quo (1968–1971) and Brotherhood of Man (1975–1979). In 1980, the Pye name was dropped due to trademark issues, and the label changed its name to PRT Records (distributing as Precision Records & Tapes). In 2006, the label was briefly reactivated as Pye Records.

In September 2024, the Pye company name and trademark was acquired by the Scottish broadcaster and music producer Tony Currie, who relaunched the label with vinyl records pressed at Sea Bass Vinyl's wind-powered pressing plant in Tranent, Scotland.
Newell Highway
Newell Highway is a national highway in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. It provides the major road link between southeastern Queensland and Victoria via central NSW and as such carries large amounts of freight. At 1,058 kilometres (657 mi) in length, the Newell is the longest highway in NSW, and passes through fifteen local government areas.

The highway is named in honour of H. H. Newell, the first Commissioner for Main Roads in New South Wales (1932–1941). It is designated route A39 for its entire length.

National Highway (Australia)
The National Highway (part of the National Land Transport Network) is a system of roads connecting all mainland states and territories of Australia, and is the major network of highways and motorways connecting Australia's capital cities and major regional centres.
Lebanon national rugby union team
The Lebanese National Rugby Union team have yet to make their debut at the Rugby World Cup. Lebanon played their first test match against Jordan on 14 May 2010 in Dubai The Phoenix currently mpetes in the Asian Rugby Football Union's, Asian Rugby Championship in Division Three West. In November 2018 Lebanon Rugby attained World Rugby Associate Membersh

In March 2017, Lebanon competed in the Asian Rugby Championship, hosted by Uzbekistan in Tashkent. Lebanon defeated Iran 25 to 24 in the semi-final and drawing with hosts Uzbekistan 24 all in the final of the tournament to run out narrow ARC Div III West Champions.

On 24 April, Lebanon hosted the 2018 Asian Rugby Championship Division 3 West tournament in Jounieh, Lebanon. They defeated Jordan in the first round 62 – 3 and won against Iran 27 – 17 who had defeated Qatar in the semi-final to secure their fifth Asian title in six years.

Jordan national rugby union team
The Jordan national rugby team represents Jordan in international rugby union. They have yet to make their debut at the Rugby World Cup.

Jordan played their first test match against Lebanon on May 14, 2010, in Dubai. Despite losing 27-8 they won the Division 4 title of the 2010 HSBC Asian Five Nations.
Gordan Giriček
Gordan Giriček (born June 20, 1977) is a Croatian former professional basketball player. Standing at 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m), he played the shooting guard and small forward positions. Over eighteen years of professional basketball, he played in the NBA for several teams, including Memphis Grizzlies, Orlando Magic, Utah Jazz, Philadelphia 76ers, and the Phoenix Suns. He also played for several European teams, including Cibona, CSKA Moscow and Fenerbahçe.

KK Cibona
Košarkaški klub Cibona, commonly referred to as Cibona Zagreb or simply Cibona, is a men's professional basketball club based in Zagreb, Croatia. The club is a founding member and shareholder of the Adriatic Basketball Association, and competes in the Croatian League.
Brendan O'Regan
Brendan O'Regan CBE (1917–2008) was an Irish businessman responsible for developing Shannon Airport, inventing the concept of the duty-free shop and transforming the Shannon Region of Ireland. He was involved in promoting peace in Northern Ireland and co-operation between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. He has been described as one of Ireland's "most noted peace ambassadors and initiators of commercial and industrial projects". In a tribute to him, President Mary McAleese said that O'Regan was "a true visionary" and "leaves a legacy that permeates throughout all levels of economic, social and cultural life in Ireland."

Shannon Development
Shannon Development (legally the Shannon Free Airport Development Company Limited formerly known as SFADCO) was an important regional development body for the Shannon Region of Ireland. Its area in the lower River Shannon basin comprised all of counties Clare, Limerick, and the former North Tipperary, as well as north Kerry and west Offaly.  Its key founder was Brendan O'Regan.

Shannon Development worked with, but was not an agency of, Forfás.
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) is a software framework and part of the Linux kernel that provides an application programming interface (API) for sound card device drivers.

Some of the goals of the ALSA project at its inception were automatic configuration of sound-card hardware and graceful handling of multiple sound devices in a system. ALSA is released under GPL-2.0-or-later and LGPL-2.1-or-later.

On Linux, sound servers, like sndio, PulseAudio, JACK (low-latency professional-grade audio editing and mixing) and PipeWire, and higher-level APIs (e.g OpenAL, SDL audio, etc.) work on top of ALSA and its sound card device drivers. ALSA succeeded the older Linux port of the Open Sound System (OSS).

Open Sound System
The Open Sound System (OSS) is an interface for making and capturing sound in Unix and Unix-like operating systems.  It is based on standard Unix devices system calls (i.e. POSIX read, write, ioctl, etc.). The term also sometimes refers to the software in a Unix kernel that provides the OSS interface; it can be thought of as a device driver (or a collection of device drivers) for sound controller hardware. The goal of OSS is to allow the writing of sound-based applications that are agnostic of the underlying sound hardware.

OSS was created by Hannu Savolainen and is distributed under four license options, three of which are free software licences, thus making OSS free software.
Rocky Mountain BASIC
Rocky Mountain BASIC (also RMB or RM-BASIC) is a dialect of the BASIC programming language created by Hewlett-Packard.  It was especially popular for control of automatic test equipment using GPIB.  It has several features which are or were unusual in BASIC dialects, such as event-driven operation, extensive external I/O support, complex number support, and matrix manipulation functions.  Today, RMB is mainly used in environments where an investment in RMB software, hardware, or expertise already exists.

GPIB
General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) or Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB) is a short-range digital communications 8-bit parallel multi-master interface bus specification originally developed by Hewlett-Packard and standardized in IEEE 488.1-2003. It subsequently became the subject of several standards. Although the bus was originally created to connect together automated test equipment, it also had some success as a peripheral bus for early microcomputers, notably the Commodore PET. Newer standards have largely replaced IEEE 488 for computer use, but it is still used by test equipment.
Mount Zion Old School Baptist Church
Mount Zion Old School Baptist Church, also known as Mount Zion Primitive Baptist Church and Mount Zion Old School Predestinarian Baptist Church, is a historic Primitive Baptist church located at Gilberts Corner, Loudoun County, Virginia. It is now maintained by the Northern Virginia Regional Park Authority: the property including the adjoining cemetery is open from dawn to dusk and the church itself open on the fourth Sunday of various months (except in wintertime), or by reservation for weddings and events.

Primitive Baptists
Primitive Baptists – also known as Regular Baptists, Old School Baptists, Foot Washing Baptists, or, derisively, Hard Shell Baptists – are conservative Baptists adhering to a degree of Calvinist beliefs who coalesced out of the controversy among Baptists in the early 19th century over the appropriateness of mission boards, tract societies, and temperance societies. Primitive Baptists are a subset of the Calvinistic Baptist tradition. The adjective "primitive" in the name is used in the sense of "original".
Maria Antonia of Austria
Maria Antonia of Austria (Maria Antonia Josepha Benedicta Rosalia Petronella; 18 January 1669 – 24 December 1692) was an Electress of Bavaria as the wife of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria. She was the eldest daughter and only surviving child of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and his first wife Margaret Theresa of Spain. She was the heiress to the Spanish throne after her maternal uncle Charles II of Spain from 1673 until her death.

Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria
Joseph Ferdinand Leopold of Bavaria (28 October 1692 – 6 February 1699) was the son of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (1679–1705, 1714–1726) and his first wife, Maria Antonia of Austria, daughter of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, maternal granddaughter of King Philip IV of Spain.
Alabama State Route 102
State Route 102 (SR 102) is a 24.281-mile-long (39.076 km) east–west state highway in the western part of the U.S. state of Alabama. The western terminus of the highway is at an intersection with U.S. Route 43 (US 43) approximately six miles (9.7 km) north of Fayette. The eastern terminus of the highway is at an intersection with SR 124 in Townley in western Walker County.

Walker County, Alabama
Walker County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,342. Its county seat is Jasper. Its name is in honor of John Williams Walker, the first U.S. senator elected from Alabama.

Walker County comprises the entirety of the Jasper, AL Micropolitan Statistical Area.
John Arbuthnot
John Arbuthnot FRS (baptised 29 April 1667 – 27 February 1735), often known simply as Dr Arbuthnot, was a Scottish physician, satirist and polymath in London. He is best remembered for his contributions to mathematics, his membership in the Scriblerus Club (where he inspired Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels book III and Alexander Pope's Peri Bathous, Or the Art of Sinking in Poetry, Memoirs of Martin Scriblerus, and possibly The Dunciad), and for inventing the figure of John Bull.

Alexander Pope
Alexander Pope (21 May 1688 O.S. – 30 May 1744) was an English poet, translator, and satirist of the Enlightenment era who is considered one of the most prominent English poets of the early 18th century. An exponent of Augustan literature,  Pope is best known for his satirical and discursive poetry including An Essay on Criticism (1711), The Rape of the Lock (1712–1717), The Dunciad (1728–1743), and for his translations of Homer.

Pope is often quoted in The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, some of his verses having entered common parlance (e.g. "damning with faint praise" or "to err is human; to forgive, divine").
Santi Bonifacio ed Alessio
The Basilica dei Santi Bonifacio e(d) Alessio is a basilica, rectory church served by the Somaschans, and titular church for a cardinal-priest on the Aventine Hill in the third prefecture of central Rome, Italy.

It is dedicated to Saint Boniface of Tarsus and Saint Alexius, the former the original and the latter added in the 10th century. It lies on Piazza Sant’Alessio 23, near the historical gardens of St. Alexius and Via di santa Sabina.

Alexius of Rome
Saint Alexius of Rome or Alexius of Edessa (Greek: Ἀλέξιος, Alexios), also Alexis, was a fourth-century Greek monk who lived in anonymity and is known for his dedication to Christ. Two versions of his life exist, one in Syriac and the other in Greek.
Cribbage (pool)
Cribbage, sometimes called cribbage pool, fifteen points and pair pool, is a two-player game that, like its namesake card game, has a scoring system which awards points for pairing groups of balls (rather than playing cards) that total 15. Played on a standard pool table, participants who pocket a ball of a particular number are required to immediately pocket the companion ball that tallies to 15 when added to the prior ball's number. Each pair so pocketed counts as a cribbage; there are seven such pairs, and the 15 ball counts as an eighth by itself after all of the others have been pocketed. The first player to score five cribbages wins the game.

Glossary of cue sports terms
The following is a glossary of traditional English-language terms used in the three overarching cue sports disciplines: carom billiards referring to the various carom games played on a billiard table without pockets; pool, which denotes a host of games played on a table with six pockets; and snooker, played on a large pocket table, and which has a sport culture unto itself distinct from pool. There are also games such as English billiards that include aspects of multiple disciplines.
Kōei
Kōei (康永) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name) of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Ryakuō and before Jōwa. This period spanned the years from April 1342 to October 1345. The emperor in Kyoto was Emperor Kōmyō (光明天皇, Kōmyō-tennō). Go-Kōgon's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time-frame was Emperor Go-Murakami (後村上天皇, Go-Murakami-tennō).

Emperor Go-Murakami
Emperor Go-Murakami (後村上天皇, Go-Murakami-tennō) (1328 – March 29, 1368) was the 97th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, and a member of the Southern Court during the Nanboku-chō period of rival courts.  He reigned from September 18, 1339, until March 29, 1368 (Shōhei 23, 11th day of the 3rd month). His personal name was Noriyoshi (義良).  He reigned from Sumiyoshi, Ōsaka, Yoshino, Nara, and other temporary locations.

This 14th-century sovereign was named after the 10th-century Emperor Murakami and go- (後), translates as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Murakami". The Japanese word go has also been translated to mean the "second one"; and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Murakami, the second", or as "Murakami II".
Newnham Murren
Newnham Murren is a hamlet in the civil parish of Crowmarsh, in the South Oxfordshire district, in the county of Oxfordshire, England. It is in the Thames Valley, about 0.5 miles (800 m) east of the market town of Wallingford. Newnham Murren is now contiguous with the village of Crowmarsh Gifford. It has a church called St Mary's Church.

St Mary's Church, Newnham Murren
St Mary's Church is a redundant Anglican church in the hamlet of Newnham Murren, Oxfordshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.  The church stands at the end of a farm track, overlooking the River Thames, near The Ridgeway long-distance path.
Lyman series
In physics and chemistry, the Lyman series is a hydrogen spectral series of transitions and resulting ultraviolet emission lines of the hydrogen atom as an electron goes from n ≥ 2 to n = 1 (where n is the principal quantum number), the lowest energy level of the electron (groundstate). The transitions are named sequentially by Greek letters: from n = 2 to n = 1 is called Lyman-alpha, 3 to 1 is Lyman-beta, 4 to 1 is Lyman-gamma, and so on. The series is named after its discoverer, Theodore Lyman. The greater the difference in the principal quantum numbers, the higher the energy of the electromagnetic emission.

Balmer series
The Balmer series, or Balmer lines in atomic physics, is one of a set of six named series describing the spectral line emissions of the hydrogen atom. The Balmer series is calculated using the Balmer formula, an empirical equation discovered by Johann Balmer in 1885.

The visible spectrum of light from hydrogen displays four wavelengths, 410 nm, 434 nm, 486 nm, and 656 nm, that correspond to emissions of photons by electrons in excited states transitioning to the quantum level described by the principal quantum number n equals 2. There are several prominent ultraviolet Balmer lines with wavelengths shorter than 400 nm. The series continues with an infinite number of lines whose wavelengths asymptotically approach the limit of 364.5 nm in the ultraviolet.

After Balmer's discovery, five other hydrogen spectral series were discovered, corresponding to electrons transitioning to values of n other than two.
Coachella Valley Invitational
The Coachella Valley Invitational is a preseason exhibition tournament hosted by the LA Galaxy at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, California. The first edition of the tournament was held in February 2022 and featured clubs from Major League Soccer, MLS Next Pro, and the USL Championship. It was expanded to include National Women's Soccer League teams in the 2024 edition.

Empire Polo Club
33°40′47″N 116°14′14″W﻿ / ﻿33.679811°N 116.237256°W﻿ / 33.679811; -116.237256
The Empire Polo Club is a 1,000-acre event venue in Indio, California, located in the Coachella Valley of Riverside County, approximately 22 miles southeast of Palm Springs. It was founded in 1987 for use by polo players, hosting international polo tournaments. Since 1993, the grounds have been leased out for events, including the annual Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival and Stagecoach Festival in April.