hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Halesworth
Halesworth is a market town, civil parish and electoral ward in north-eastern Suffolk, England. The population stood at 4,726 in the 2011 Census. It lies 15 miles (24 km) south-west of Lowestoft, on a tributary of the River Blyth, nine miles (fourteen kilometres) upstream from Southwold. The town is served by Halesworth railway station on the Ipswich–Lowestoft East Suffolk Line. It is twinned with Bouchain in France and Eitorf in Germany. Nearby villages include Cratfield, Wissett, Chediston, Walpole, Blyford, Linstead Parva, Wenhaston, Thorington, Spexhall, Bramfield, Huntingfield, Cookley and Holton.

Southwold
Southwold is a seaside town and civil parish on the North Sea, in the East Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. It lies at the mouth of the River Blyth in the Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, 11 miles (18 km) south of Lowestoft, 29 miles (47 km) north-east of Ipswich and 97 miles (156 km) north-east of London, within the parliamentary constituency of Suffolk Coastal. At the 2021 Census, the population was 950.
RT-2PM Topol
The RT-2PM Topol (Russian: РТ-2ПМ Тополь ("Poplar"); NATO reporting name SS-25 Sickle; GRAU designation: 15Ж58 ("15Zh58"); START I designation: RS-12M Topol) was a mobile intercontinental ballistic missile designed in the Soviet Union and in service with Russia's Strategic Missile Troops. As of 2014, Russia planned to replace all RT-2PM ICBMs with versions of Topol-M. In December 2023, the last Topol regiment was taken off combat duty.

RT-2PM2 Topol-M
The RT-2PM2 «Topol-M» (Russian: РТ-2ПМ2 «Тополь-М», NATO reporting name: SS-27 "Sickle B", other designations: SS-27 Mod 1, RS-12M1, RS-12M2, formerly incorrectly RT-2UTTKh) is one of the most recent intercontinental ballistic missiles to be deployed by Russia, and the first to be developed after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. It was developed from the RT-2PM Topol mobile intercontinental ballistic missile.

In its Russian designation РТ stands for "ракета твердотопливная", raketa tverdotoplivnaya ("solid fuel rocket"), while УТТХ – for "улучшенные тактико-технические характеристики", uluchshenniye taktiko-tekhnicheskie kharakteristiki ("improved tactical and technical characteristics"). "Topol" (тополь) in Russian means "white poplar". It is designed and produced exclusively by the Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology, and built at the Votkinsk Machine Building Plant.
Ronald Peter Fabbro
Ronald Peter Fabbro, C.S.B. (born 6 November 1950) is the Roman Catholic Bishop of London, Ontario, Canada. He was born in Sudbury, Ontario, and was educated at St. Charles College and Queen's University.

Fabbro was the principal consecrator of Bishop Robert Anthony Daniels and Bishop William McGrattan, as well as a principal co-consecrator of Archbishop John Michael Miller.

Congregation of St. Basil
The Congregation of St. Basil (Latin: Congregatio a Sancto Basilio, abbreviation CSB), also called the Basilians, is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right for men, with priests, seminarians and lay associates. It is an apostolic community whose members profess simple vows. The Basilians work in education and evangelization. The congregation was founded in 1822 in the aftermath of the French Revolution. In the early 19th century, the Basilians' educational and pastoral work brought them to a variety of locations in Canada and the United States. In the 1960s, the priests began to minister in Mexico, and in Colombia in the 1980s.
Lambaesis
Lambaesis (Lambæsis), Lambaisis or Lambaesa (Lambèse in colonial French), is a Roman archaeological site in Algeria, 11 km (7 mi) southeast of Batna and 27 km (17 mi) west of Timgad, located next to the modern village of Tazoult. The former bishopric is also a Latin Catholic titular bishopric.

Timgad
Timgad (Arabic: تيمقاد, romanized: Tīmqād, known as Marciana Traiana Thamugadi) was a Roman city in the Aurès Mountains of Algeria. It was founded by the Roman Emperor Trajan around 100 AD. The full name of the city was Colonia Marciana Ulpia Traiana Thamugadi. Emperor Trajan named the city in commemoration of his mother Marcia, eldest sister Ulpia Marciana, and father Marcus Ulpius Traianus.

Located in modern-day Algeria, about 35 kilometers (22 mi) east of the city of Batna, the ruins are noteworthy for representing one of the best extant examples of the grid plan as used in Roman town planning. Timgad was inscribed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1982.
Raleigh Twenty
The Raleigh "Twenty" or "Shopper" was a small-wheeled bicycle made by Raleigh from 1968 until the early 1980s. It was Raleigh's answer to the Dawes Kingpin, which had been on the market since 1964. The Twenty was made in both folding and "fixed" versions.

The Twenty was a companion model to the RSW 16, which had been Raleigh's competitor to the Moulton since 1965. The Twenty was more successful and it remained in production long after the RSW was discontinued.

Raleigh Bicycle Company
The Raleigh Bicycle Company is a British bicycle brand based in Nottingham, England and founded by Woodhead and Angois in 1885.  Using Raleigh as their brand name, it is one of the oldest bicycle companies in the world. After being acquired by Frank Bowden in December 1888, it became The Raleigh Cycle Company, which was registered as a limited liability company in January 1889.  By 1913, it was the largest bicycle manufacturing company in the world. From 1921 to 1935, Raleigh also produced motorcycles and three-wheel cars, leading to the formation of Reliant Motors. Raleigh bicycle is now a brand owned by the Dutch bicycle group Accell which it uses in Europe  and licences out in other territories including to  Canadian Tire in Canada  and Suncross in India. Design and manufacturing no longer take place in the UK.

In 2006, the Raleigh Chopper was named in the list of British design icons in the Great British Design Quest organised by the BBC and the Design Museum.
Dornier Do 29
The Dornier Do 29 was an experimental aircraft developed by Dornier Flugzeugwerke and, the Deutsche Versuchsanstalt für Luftfahrt (German Aviation Laboratory) in the 1950s, used to test a tilting-propeller system for Vertical/Short Take-Off and Landing (V/STOL) aircraft. The concept was proved successful in flight testing; however, no further development of the system or aircraft was proceeded with, and at the conclusion of its test program the Do 29 was retired.

Dornier Flugzeugwerke
Dornier Flugzeugwerke was a German aircraft manufacturer founded in Friedrichshafen in 1914 by Claude Dornier. Over the course of its long lifespan, the company produced many designs for both the civil and military markets.
PGA Tour Americas
PGA Tour Americas is a golf tour that began play in 2024. The tour replaces the previous PGA Tour Canada and the PGA Tour Latinoamérica, and will consist of a Latin America swing from February to May, and a North America swing from June to September, consisting of events in Canada and the United States. The tour will provide opportunities for golfers to qualify for the Korn Ferry Tour and the final stage of the PGA Tour Q-School.

PGA Tour Canada
PGA Tour Canada, commonly referred to as the Canadian Tour, was a men's professional golf tour headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. The United States–based PGA Tour took over operation of the tour on November 1, 2012, at which time it was renamed PGA Tour Canada. In 2015, Mackenzie Investments became the umbrella sponsor of the tour, branding it as the Mackenzie Tour-PGA Tour Canada.

PGA Tour Canada used to be one of three international PGA Tour-sanctioned tours, along with PGA Tour Latinoamérica and PGA Tour China (all now defunct). These tours provided access to the Korn Ferry Tour and are part of the path to the PGA Tour.

In April 2023, the PGA Tour announced that the 2023 PGA Tour Canada season would be the last, as from 2024 the tour would merge with PGA Tour Latinoamérica, creating PGA Tour Americas.
Urceolus cyclostomus
Urceolus cyclostomus is a species of heterotrophic flagellates. It was initially described by Friedrich Stein in 1878 as Phialonema cyclostomum, from an unknown location. Due to its morphological similarities to Urceolus alenizini, the author of the latter, Konstantin Mereschkowsky, transferred it to the genus Urceolus in 1881. Like other species of the genus, its cells have a neck and a wide aperture to a canal that hosts a single flagellum and its feeding apparatus. It is distinguished from other species by a significantly more rigid cell shape, among other traits. It can be found in the bottom sediment of freshwater and brackish water bodies, as a consumer of algae.

Urceolus alenizini
Urceolus alenizini (alternatively spelt alenitzini or alenizinii) is a species of flagellates. It was described by Konstantin Mereschkowsky in 1877 as the type species of the genus Urceolus. It is a rare species only recorded by its author once in the White Sea, in northern Russia. It is distinguished by other members of the genus by the lack of spiral stripes in its cell surface.
Air Ways
Air Ways was an Australian factual television series broadcast on the Seven Network, narrated by Corinne Grant and produced by Lyndal Marks, the executive producer in charge of Border Security. It began screening in July 2009 and was filmed in airports including Melbourne, Coolangatta, Rockhampton, Mackay, Adelaide, Launceston, Hobart and Alice Springs.

Air Ways followed the day-to-day operations of budget airline Tigerair Australia. It had a similar premise to the successful UK factual television series Airline.

Airline (1998 TV series)
Airline is a British fly on the wall television programme produced by LWT that showcases the daily happenings of passengers, ground workers and flight crew of Britannia Airways (series 1) and later EasyJet (from series 2).

The show was broadcast between 6 March 1998 and 19 January 2007 on ITV, was often repeated on ITV2 and aired in syndication on Sky Mix (previously known as Sky Three, Pick TV and Pick), Sky Real Lives and, as of 4 February 2019, CBS Reality. The programme's success sparked a US version of the series, following American low-cost airline Southwest Airlines.
Jean-Pierre Maïone-Libaude
Jean-Pierre Maïone-Libaude (9 July 1942 – 13 June 1982) was a French veteran of the Algerian War (1954–62), former member of the OAS' Commando Delta, a nationalist terrorist group. He then became the informant of police officer Lucien Aimé-Blanc, former vice chief of staff of the Antigang brigade and of the Narcotics brigade. Jean-Pierre Maïon (as he was usually known) was assassinated on 13 June 1982 at Argent-sur-Sauldre, in the Cher province, soon after being freed from prison. In 2006, Lucien Aimé-Blanc revealed that Maïon had acknowledged having assassinated Pierre Goldman in 1979 on behalf of the GAL Spanish death squad. Aimé-Blanc also stated that Maïon may have been responsible for the assassination of Henri Curiel in 1978.

Pierre Goldman
Pierre Goldman (French: [pjɛʁ ɡɔldman]; 22 June 1944 – 20 September 1979) was a French left-wing intellectual who was convicted of several robberies and mysteriously assassinated. It has been suspected that the Spanish death squads GAL were involved in his murder. His half-brother Jean-Jacques Goldman is a popular French singer.
Sibbaldia
Sibbaldia is a genus of flowering plants of the family Rosaceae, with a circumpolar distribution, including the high Arctic. The type species is Sibbaldia procumbens. It is also in the Rosoideae subfamily.

The genus name of Sibbaldia is in honour of Robert Sibbald (1641–1722), a Scottish physician and antiquary. It was first described in 1753.

Sibbaldia procumbens
Sibbaldia procumbens (or creeping sibbaldia) is a species of flowering plant of the genus Sibbaldia in the rose family. It has an Arctic–alpine distribution; it can be found throughout the Arctic, as well as at higher elevations in the mountains of Eurasia and North America. It grows on tundra and in alpine climates where snow remains year-round, and on subalpine mountain slopes. This is a low, mat-forming perennial herb producing clumps of herbage in rocky, gravelly substrate. A spreading stem up to 15 centimeters long grows from a caudex. Each leaf is divided into usually three leaflets borne at the end of a petiole up to 7 centimeters long. Each wedge-shaped leaflet has three teeth at the tip. The flower has usually five pointed green bractlets, five wider pointed green sepals, and five tiny yellowish petals each about a millimeter long. The fruits develop in the remnants of the sepals on erect stalks.
Ashland, California
Ashland is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community in Alameda County, California, United States. The population was 23,823 at the 2020 census. Ashland is located between the city of San Leandro to the north, the unincorporated community of Cherryland to the south, the unincorporated community of Castro Valley to the east, and the unincorporated community of San Lorenzo to the southwest.

Ashland shares a ZIP code with the neighboring unincorporated community of San Lorenzo to the southwest, as well as the close by cities of Hayward to the south and San Leandro to the north.
Ashland has been informally, albeit incorrectly, known as "unincorporated San Leandro" or "unincorporated Hayward" due to Ashland not having its own ZIP code designation.

Cherryland, California
Cherryland is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Alameda County, California, United States. Cherryland is located between Ashland to the north and the city of Hayward to the south. The population was 15,808 at the 2020 census.
Ogrodzieniec
Ogrodzieniec [ɔɡrɔˈd͡ʑɛɲɛt͡s] is a town in Zawiercie County, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland, with 4,282 inhabitants (2019). It is noted for the extensive ruins of a medieval castle.

Ogrodzieniec is a part of Lesser Poland. Ogrodzieniec lies among the hills of Lesser Poland Upland, on the outskirts of Zagłębie Dąbrowskie. The town has an area of 28 km2 (11 sq mi), and is located approximately 400 meters above sea level. In the south and west, Ogrodzieniec is surrounded by forests.

Ogrodzieniec Castle
Ogrodzieniec Castle is a ruined medieval castle in Podzamcze, near Ogrodzieniec, the south-central region of Poland called Polish Jura. Originating in the 14th century the castle was rebuilt several times in its long history. It is situated on the top of 515.5-metre-high Castle Mountain (Polish: Góra Zamkowa), the highest hill of the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland. The ruins are open to visitors and are a part of Trail of the Eagles' Nests, a hiking trail that connects a number of well known castles in the region.
Pegasus (constellation)
Pegasus is a constellation in the northern sky, named after the winged horse Pegasus in Greek mythology. It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, and is one of the 88 constellations recognised today. It lies just north of the celestial equator.

With an apparent magnitude varying between 2.37 and 2.45, the brightest star in Pegasus is the orange supergiant Epsilon Pegasi, also known as Enif, which marks the horse's muzzle. Alpha (Markab), Beta (Scheat), and Gamma (Algenib), together with Alpha Andromedae (Alpheratz) form the large asterism known as the Square of Pegasus. Twelve star systems have been found to have exoplanets.

51 Pegasi was the first Sun-like star discovered to have an exoplanet companion. It is just over 50 light years distance.

Alpha Pegasi
Alpha Pegasi (α Pegasi, abbreviated Alpha Peg, α Peg), formally named Markab /ˈmɑːrkæb/, is the third-brightest star in the constellation of Pegasus and one of the four stars in the asterism known as the Great Square of Pegasus.
Retymaijychampsa
Retymaijychampsa is an extinct genus of proterochampsid archosauriforms from the Mid–Late Triassic Santa Maria Formation (Paraná Basin) of Brazil. The genus contains a single species, R. beckerorum, known from a complete right hindlimb.

Proterochampsidae
Proterochampsidae is a family of proterochampsian archosauriforms. Proterochampsids may have filled an ecological niche similar to modern crocodiles, and had a general crocodile-like appearance. They lived in what is now South America in the Middle and Late Triassic.
Ili Turki language
Ili Turki is an endangered Turkic language spoken primarily in China, of the Karluk branch of Turkic. In 2007, it was reported that there were around 30 families using it in China. Speakers are shifting to Kazakh or Uyghur.

Karluk languages
The Karluk or Qarluq languages are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family that developed from the varieties spoken by Karluks, an ancient people present in Central Asia in the 5th-8th centuries CE. By far the largest languages of this branch are Uzbek and Uyghur.

Many Middle Turkic works were written in these languages. The language of the Kara-Khanid Khanate was known as Turki, Ferghani, Kashgari or Khaqani. The language of the Chagatai Khanate was the Chagatai language.

Karluk Turkic was once spoken in the Kara-Khanid Khanate, Chagatai Khanate, Timurid Empire, Mughal Empire, Yarkent Khanate and the Uzbek-speaking Khanate of Bukhara, Emirate of Bukhara, Kokand Khanate, Khiva Khanate, Maimana Khanate.
Brierley Hill
Brierley Hill is a town and electoral ward in the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley, West Midlands (originally in Staffordshire), England. It is located 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Dudley and 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Stourbridge. Part of the Black Country and in a heavily industrialised area, it had a population of 13,935 at the 2011 census. It is best known for glass and steel manufacturing, although the industry has declined considerably since the 1970s. One of the largest factories in the area was the Round Oak Steelworks, which closed down and was redeveloped in the 1980s to become the Merry Hill Shopping Centre. Since 2008, Brierley Hill has been designated as the Strategic Town Centre of the Dudley Borough.

Round Oak Steelworks
The Round Oak Steelworks was a steel production plant in Brierley Hill, West Midlands (formerly Staffordshire), England. It was founded in 1857 by Lord Ward, who later became, in 1860, The 1st Earl of Dudley, as an outlet for pig iron made in the nearby blast furnaces. During the Industrial Revolution, the majority of iron-making in the world was carried out within 32 kilometres of Round Oak. For the first decades of operation, the works produced wrought iron. However, in the 1890s, steelmaking was introduced. At its peak, thousands of people were employed at the works. The steelworks was the first in the United Kingdom to be converted to natural gas, which was supplied from the North Sea. The works were nationalized in 1951, privatized in 1953 and nationalized again in 1967 although the private firm Tube Investments continued to part manage the operations at the site. The steelworks closed in December 1982.
Theobromine
Theobromine, also known as xantheose, is the principal alkaloid of Theobroma cacao (cacao plant). Theobromine is slightly water-soluble (330 mg/L) with a bitter taste. In industry, theobromine is used as an additive and precursor to some cosmetics. It is found in chocolate and several other foods, including tea (Camellia sinensis), some American hollies (yaupon and guayusa) and the kola nut. It is a white or colourless solid, but commercial samples can appear yellowish.

Theobromine, a metabolite of caffeine, is processed in the liver into xanthine and methyluric acid, peaks in the blood 2–3 hours after ingestion due to its fat solubility, and primarily acts by inhibiting adenosine receptors with minor phosphodiesterase inhibition. It is a mild heart stimulant and bronchodilator in humans with limited central nervous system effects. It can be toxic or fatal to animals like dogs and cats due to their slower metabolism of the compound.

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
A phosphodiesterase inhibitor is a drug that blocks one or more of the five subtypes of the enzyme phosphodiesterase (PDE), thereby preventing the inactivation of the intracellular second messengers, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by the respective PDE subtype(s). The ubiquitous presence of this enzyme means that non-specific inhibitors have a wide range of actions, with those in the heart and lungs being some of the first to find therapeutic use.
Little Dieter Needs to Fly
Little Dieter Needs to Fly (German: Flucht aus Laos, lit. 'Escape from Laos') is a 1997 German-British-French documentary film written and directed by Werner Herzog, produced by Werner Herzog Filmproduktion, and premiered on German television. The film follows the life of Dieter Dengler, in particular being shot down during the Vietnam War and his capture, imprisonment, escape, and rescue. Herzog went on to direct a dramatized version of the story, Rescue Dawn, which stars Christian Bale as Dengler in 2006.

Little Dieter Needs to Fly was released on DVD in 1998 by Anchor Bay, and on Blu-Ray in 2014 by Shout! Factory as a part of a larger collection of Herzog's films.

Rescue Dawn
Rescue Dawn is a 2006 epic war drama film written and directed by Werner Herzog. It is based on the true story of Dieter Dengler, played by Christian Bale, a German-American pilot who was shot down and captured by villagers sympathetic to the Pathet Lao during an American military campaign in the Vietnam War. Steve Zahn, Jeremy Davies, and Toby Huss have prominent supporting roles in the film.

In 1997, Herzog made a documentary film about Dengler titled Little Dieter Needs to Fly. Rescue Dawn, which focuses on Dengler's experiences as a prisoner of war, began shooting in Thailand in August 2005. It received critical acclaim, but was a box office failure.
National Union of Ships' Clerks, Grain Weighers and Coalmeters
The National Union of Ships' Clerks, Grain Weighers and Coalmeters was a trade union in the United Kingdom.

The union was in existence by 1912, at which time it had branches in central London, Grays, Millwall, Southampton, Surrey Docks and Tilbury.  At the time, it was based in Plaistow and its secretary was G. N. Richmond.  Because of its location, it was also known as the "East Ham Union".  It merged with the Transport and General Workers' Union in 1922.

Transport and General Workers' Union
The Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU or T&G) was one of the largest general trade unions in the United Kingdom and Ireland—where it was known as the Amalgamated Transport and General Workers' Union (ATGWU)—with 900,000 members (and was once the largest trade union in the world).

The TGWU was officially founded on 1 January 1922 with the amalgamation of 14 individual trades unions. Ernest Bevin served as the union's first and longest serving General Secretary.

In 2007, the union voted to merge with Amicus to form Unite the Union.
Frederick Rondel
Frederick Rondel (1826 – November 1892) was a French-American landscape painter. Born in Paris, he was tutored in art by Théodore Gudin, a marine painter in King Louis Philippe I's court, before moving to the United States in 1855. In the United States, Rondel exhibited his works and taught painting to a number of pupils, including Winslow Homer and Charles Mielatz. He was a member of the Hudson River School movement and frequently depicted areas such as the Hudson River and the Adirondack Mountains.

Winslow Homer
Winslow Homer (February 24, 1836 – September 29, 1910) was an American landscape painter and illustrator, best known for his marine subjects. He is considered one of the foremost painters of 19th-century America and a preeminent figure in American art in general.

Largely self-taught, Homer began his career working as a commercial illustrator. He subsequently took up oil painting and produced major studio works characterized by the weight and density he exploited from the medium. He also worked extensively in watercolor, creating a fluid and prolific œuvre, primarily chronicling his working vacations.