hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xbox Game Studios
Xbox Game Studios (previously known as Microsoft Studios, Microsoft Game Studios, and Microsoft Games) is an American video game publisher based in Redmond, Washington. It was established in March 2000, spun out from an internal Games Group, for the development and publishing of video games for Microsoft Windows. It has since expanded to include games and other interactive entertainment for the namesake Xbox platforms, other desktop operating systems, Windows Mobile and other mobile platforms, web-based portals, and other game consoles.

Xbox Game Studios, alongside ZeniMax Media and Activision Blizzard, are part of the Microsoft Gaming division led by Phil Spencer, who is chief executive officer of the division.

Phil Spencer (business executive)
Phil Spencer (born January 12, 1968) is an American business executive and the former CEO of Microsoft Gaming from 2022 to 2026. Starting his career at Microsoft as an intern in 1988, Spencer has worked in various sectors within the company, including developing Microsoft's first CD-ROM-based titles. He joined the Xbox team in 2001, and in February of 2026, Spencer announced his retirement from Microsoft, with Asha Sharma replacing him.
War Memorial Opera House
The War Memorial Opera House is an opera house in San Francisco, California, United States, located on the western side of Van Ness Avenue  across from the west side/rear facade of the San Francisco City Hall.

It is part of the San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center. It has been the home of the San Francisco Opera since opening night in 1932.

It was the site of the San Francisco Conference, the first assembly of the newly organized United Nations in April 1945.

It was also where the San Francisco Treaty of 1951 was signed which made peace between the US and 
Japan after ww2

San Francisco City Hall
San Francisco City Hall is the seat of government for the City and County of San Francisco, California. Re-opened in 1915 in its open space area in the city's Civic Center, it is a Beaux-Arts monument to the City Beautiful movement that epitomized the high-minded American Renaissance of the 1880s to 1917. The structure's dome is taller than that of the United States Capitol by 42 feet (13 m). The present building replaced an earlier City Hall that was destroyed during the 1906 earthquake, which was two blocks from the present one.

The principal architect was Arthur Brown, Jr., of Bakewell & Brown, whose attention to the finishing details extended to the doorknobs and the typeface to be used in signage. Brown also designed the San Francisco War Memorial Opera House, Veterans Building, Temple Emanuel, Coit Tower and the Federal office building at 50 United Nations Plaza.
Hilbert–Schmidt integral operator
In mathematics, a Hilbert–Schmidt integral operator is a type of integral transform. Specifically, given a domain Ω in Rn, any k : Ω × Ω → C such that

is called a Hilbert–Schmidt kernel. The associated integral operator T : L2(Ω) → L2(Ω) given by

is called a  Hilbert–Schmidt integral operator.
T is a Hilbert–Schmidt operator with Hilbert–Schmidt norm

Hilbert–Schmidt integral operators are both continuous and compact.

The concept of a Hilbert–Schmidt integral operator may be extended to any locally compact Hausdorff space X equipped with a positive Borel measure. If L2(X) is separable, and k belongs to L2(X × X), then the operator T : L2(X) → L2(X) defined by

is compact. If

then T is also self-adjoint and so the spectral theorem applies. This is one of the fundamental constructions of such operators, which often reduces problems about infinite-dimensional vector spaces to questions about well-understood finite-dimensional eigenspaces.

Hilbert–Schmidt operator
In mathematics, a Hilbert–Schmidt operator, named after David Hilbert and Erhard Schmidt, is a bounded operator  that acts on a Hilbert space  and has finite Hilbert–Schmidt norm

where  is an orthonormal basis. The index set  need not be countable. However, the sum on the right must contain at most countably many non-zero terms, to have meaning. This definition is independent of the choice of the orthonormal basis. 
In finite-dimensional Euclidean space, the Hilbert–Schmidt norm  is identical to the Frobenius norm.
Barceloneta (Barcelona Metro)
Barceloneta (Catalan pronunciation: [bəɾsəluˈnɛtə]) is a station belonging to line L4 of Barcelona Metro. It is located in La Barceloneta neighbourhood, close to the beach and Parc de la Ciutadella. This is the station nearest to Barcelona França railway station, one of the city's major railway stations and one of the R2 commuter line stops.

The station is the least deep underground metro station in the whole system.

Barcelona França railway station
Estació de França (Catalan pronunciation: [əstəsiˈo ðə ˈfɾansə]; Spanish: Estación de Francia; "France Station") is a major railway station in the city of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain.

Estació de França is the second busiest railway station of the city after Barcelona-Sants in terms of regional and long-distance ridership. It may lose this status, however, with the arrival of the AVE high-speed train in Sants and the construction of Estació de la Sagrera, planned for completion at the end of 2028, that will concentrate most of the traffic.
Copper phthalocyanine
Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), also called phthalocyanine blue, phthalo blue and many other names, is a bright, crystalline, synthetic blue pigment from the group of dyes based on phthalocyanines.  Its brilliant blue is frequently used in paints and dyes. It is highly valued for its superior properties such as light fastness, tinting strength, covering power and resistance to the effects of alkalis and acids. It has the appearance of a blue powder, insoluble in most solvents including water.

Phthalocyanine
Phthalocyanine (H2Pc) is a large, aromatic, macrocyclic, organic compound with the formula (C8H4N2)4H2 and is of theoretical or specialized interest in chemical dyes and photoelectricity.

It is composed of four isoindole units linked by a ring of nitrogen atoms. (C8H4N2)4H2 = H2Pc has a two-dimensional geometry and a ring system consisting of 18 π-electrons. The extensive delocalization of the π-electrons affords the molecule useful properties, lending itself to applications in dyes and pigments. Metal complexes derived from Pc2−, the conjugate base of H2Pc, are valuable in catalysis, organic solar cells, and photodynamic therapy.
Baloch of Turkmenistan
The Baloch of Turkmenistan (Balochi: ترکمنستانءِ بلۏچ (Perso-Arabic) / Туркманиста̄нӣ Бало̄ч (Cyrillic)) are a small part of the greater  Baloch people who live primarily in Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. The 2022 census revealed the number of ethnic Baloch in Turkmenistan is 87,503. This figure corresponds to 1.24% of the population.

They immigrated into the Merv and the Murghab River inland delta from  the areas west and north of Herat, Afghanistan, Chakhansur district in the province of Nimruz (Baloch of Afghanistan) and Iran in the mid 19th century. More followed in the early 20th century and before closure of the Russian/Soviet borders under Stalin in 1925.

Baloch people
The Baloch people or the Balochs are an Iranian nomadic pastoral ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Balochi language and are native to the Balochistan region of South and West Asia, occupying parts of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula.

The majority of the Baloch reside within Pakistan. About 50% of the total Baloch population live in the Pakistani province of Balochistan, while 40% are settled in Sindh and a significant albeit smaller number resides in the Pakistani Punjab. They make up 3.6% of Pakistan's total population, 2% of Iran's population, and around 0.5%–1% of the population of Afghanistan, and the largest non-Arab community in Oman.
Hybrid sulfur cycle
The hybrid sulfur cycle (HyS) is a two-step water-splitting process intended to be used for hydrogen production.  Based on sulfur oxidation and reduction, it is classified as a hybrid thermochemical cycle because it uses an electrochemical (instead of a thermochemical) reaction for one of the two steps. The remaining thermochemical step is shared with the sulfur–iodine cycle.

The Hybrid sulphur cycle (HyS)was initially proposed and developed by Westinghouse Electric Corp. in the 1970s, so it is also known as the "Westinghouse" cycle. Current development efforts in the United States are being led by the Savannah River National Laboratory.

Sulfur–iodine cycle
The sulfur–iodine cycle (S–I cycle) is a three-step thermochemical cycle used to produce hydrogen.

The S–I cycle consists of three chemical reactions whose net reactant is water and whose net products are hydrogen and oxygen. All other chemicals are recycled. The S–I process requires an efficient source of heat.
Home shopping host
A home shopping host is the on-air host that partners with guests on television shopping channels, such as HSN, QVC, Jewelry Television and ShopHQ.  The job of a home shopping host is to introduce new presenters and guests to the television audience, and help these guests explain the values and features of the product being showcased.

Home shopping
Home shopping is the electronic retailing and home shopping channels industry, which includes such billion dollar television-based and e-commerce companies as Shop LC, HSN, Gemporia, TJC, QVC, eBay, ShopHQ, Rakuten.com and Amazon.com, as well as traditional mail order and brick and mortar retailers as Hammacher Schlemmer and Sears. Home shopping allows consumers to shop for goods from the privacy of their own home, as opposed to traditional shopping, which requires one to visit brick and mortar stores and shopping malls.

There are three main types of home shopping: mail or telephone ordering from catalogs; telephone ordering in response to advertisements in print and electronic media (such as periodicals, TV shopping channels and radio); and online shopping. The study shows that home shopping are continuously preferred by the customers especially for those teleworkers and busy working class.
Georg, Crown Prince of Saxony
Georg, Crown Prince of Saxony or George (15 January 1893 – 14 May 1943) was the last Crown Prince of Saxony and the heir to Frederick Augustus III, the final King of Saxony, at the time of the monarchy’s abolition on 13 November 1918.

He later became a Roman Catholic priest and a Jesuit. He drowned while swimming in the Groß Glienicke Lake in Berlin. The last entry in his diary was a quotation from the Gospel of John interpreted as "I go to the Father" or "I go to my Father." His brother Ernst Heinrich suspected that Georg committed suicide, but the official autopsy rejected this theory.

Prince Ernst Heinrich of Saxony
Prince Ernst Heinrich of Saxony, Duke of Saxony (Ernst Heinrich Ferdinand Franz Joseph Otto Maria Melchiades; 9 December 1896 – 14 June 1971), was a member of the House of Wettin and the youngest son of the last King of Saxony, Frederick Augustus III, and his wife, Archduchess Luise of Austria, Princess of Tuscany. From 1923 to 1945, Ernst Heinrich served as the Administrative Chief of the association Haus Wettin – Albertinische Linie e.V..
22nd Punjabis
The 22nd Punjabis was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. It was raised in 1857, as the 11th Regiment of Punjab Infantry. It was designated as the 22nd Punjabis in 1903 and became 3rd Battalion 14th Punjab Regiment in 1922. In 1947, it was allocated to the Pakistan Army, where it continues to exist as 7th Battalion The Punjab Regiment.

Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)
The Punjab Regiment is an infantry regiment of the Pakistan Army. The regiment takes its name from the historic Punjab region, which is now divided into the Punjab province of Pakistan and the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. It was raised in its current form in 1956, following the amalgamation of the 1st, 14th, 15th and 16th Punjab regiments that were inherited by the Dominion of Pakistan from the British Indian Army upon the Partition of India. Since then, the regiment has expanded in size to 63 battalions.

It is the oldest regiment in the Pakistan Army, tracing its lineage to as far back as 1751, during the reign of the Mughal Empire. The regiment's battalions have a distinguished record of military service, spanning the rise and decline of British colonial rule in South Asia, both World War I and World War II, as well as post-independence Pakistan.
Straubing Tigers
The Straubing Tigers are a professional men's ice hockey team, based in Straubing, Germany, that competes in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. Straubing plays its home games at the Eisstadion am Pulverturm, which has a capacity of 5,635 spectators.

Promoted to the DEL in 2006, and operating with one of the league's smallest budgets, the team could finish no better than twelfth before the 2011–12 DEL season, when it reached the semi-finals of the playoffs. Their greatest success so far is the qualification for the Champions Hockey League seasons 2020–21 (cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic), 2022-23 and 2024-25. In 2022-23, Straubing finished first in the CHL group stage and reached the round of 16 against Frölunda HC.

Eisstadion am Pulverturm
Eisstadion am Pulverturm is an arena in Straubing, Germany.  It is primarily used for ice hockey and is the home arena of Straubing Tigers. It opened in 1967 and holds 5,730 people. It is one of the smallest arenas in the DEL.
Eisstadion am Pulverturm is on Kinseherberg 23 in the city center.

48°52′58″N 12°33′42″E﻿ / ﻿48.88278°N 12.56167°E﻿ / 48.88278; 12.56167
Mangkunegara VIII
Prince Mangkunegara VIII, 8th Duke of Mangkunegaran (Kartasura, 7 April 1925 – Surakarta, 2 August 1987) was an Indonesian politician, and the eighth and last sovereign Duke of Mangkunegaran, who reigned from 1944 until his death in 1987. He experienced the Dutch colonial period and the beginning of Indonesia's independence. Mangkunegara VIII was the son of Mangkunegara VII, by Gusti Raden Ayu Retnaningrum, one of his secondary wives.  The queen consort Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Timur had only one child, a daughter named Gusti Raden Ayu Siti Nurul Kusumawardhani.

Mangkunagara VIII faced extreme difficulty in maintaining the sovereignty of his state. As a result, the state of Surakarta (including Mangkunagaran) were incorporated into the province of Central Java in 1950. Mangkunagara VIII died in 1987 and was succeeded by his third child and second son as Mangkunegara IX.

Mangkunegara VII
Prince Mangkunagara VII, 7th Duke of Mangkunegaran of a noble house of Hadiwijayan Kaliabu was the ruler of the Mangkunegaran Palace and lands in Surakarta in Central Java in Indonesia from 1916 to 1944, reigning during both World Wars. This first Scouting organization in Indonesia was established on the initiative of Sri Paduka Mangkunagara VII in 1916. Noto Soeroto served as his secretary.

The building in which the National Press Monument is now housed was constructed in 1918 under the orders of Mangkunegara VII, as a society building and meeting hall. It was known as Sociëteit "Sasana Soeka" and designed by Mas Abu Kasan Atmodirono.
Hobsonville
Hobsonville is a suburb in West Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand. Historically a rural settlement, Hobsonville has now developed into a suburb of Auckland.

Hobsonville was one of the earliest European settlements in the area and became a large part of the early pottery industry in New Zealand. Hobsonville later served as a Royal New Zealand Air Force base from 1920 to 2001. Following the closure of the air base a plan for a large scale residential development was undertaken by the Housing Ministry.

Hobsonville is bounded by Whenuapai to the northwest, West Harbour to the west, with the rest of the area bounded by the Waitematā Harbour. The Upper Harbour Bridge connects Hobsonville with Greenhithe.

Whenuapai
Whenuapai is a suburb and aerodrome located in northwestern Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located on the shore of the Upper Waitematā Harbour, 15 kilometres to the northwest of Auckland's city centre. It is one of the landing points for the Southern Cross telecommunications Cables.
PAGASA
The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (full name: Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration) (Filipino: Pangasiwaan ng Pilipinas sa Serbisyong Atmosperiko, Heopisiko at Astronomiko), abbreviated as PAGASA or DOST-PAGASA, is the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) agency of the Philippines mandated to provide protection against natural calamities and to ensure the safety, well-being and economic security of all the people, and for the promotion of national progress by undertaking scientific and technological services in meteorology, hydrology, climatology, astronomy and other geophysical sciences. Created on December 8, 1972, by reorganizing the Weather Bureau, PAGASA now serves as one of the Scientific and Technological Services Institutes of the Department of Science and Technology.

Department of Science and Technology (Philippines)
The Department of Science and Technology (DOST; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Agham at Teknolohiya) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for coordinating science and technology-related projects and for formulating policies and programs in these fields to support national development.
Aviolet
Aviolet was a Serbian regional airline headquartered in Belgrade. It was a fully owned subsidiary of Air Serbia and mostly operated international charter flights from Serbia. As of 2021, Aviolet ceased to exist, with Air Serbia taking over its charter operation.

Air Serbia
Air Serbia (stylised as AirSERBIA; Serbian: Ер Србија, romanized: Er Srbija) is the flag carrier of Serbia. The airline is headquartered in Belgrade, Serbia, and operates its main hub at Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport. Air Serbia is the successor to Serbia’s and former Yugoslavia’s national airlines, including Aeroput, JAT, and Jat Airways, and operated under the name Jat Airways until it was renamed and rebranded as Air Serbia in 2013 as part of a major restructuring and modernization programme. The airline is owned by the Government of Serbia, which became the sole shareholder after previously partnering with Etihad Airways.
Skhul and Qafzeh hominins
The Skhul and Qafzeh hominins or Qafzeh–Skhul early modern humans are hominin fossils discovered in Es-Skhul and Qafzeh caves in Israel. They are today classified as Homo sapiens, among the earliest of their species in Eurasia. Skhul Cave is on the slopes of Mount Carmel; Qafzeh Cave is a rockshelter near Nazareth in Lower Galilee.

The remains found at Es Skhul, together with those found at the Nahal Me'arot Nature Reserve and Mugharet el-Zuttiyeh, were classified in 1939 by Arthur Keith and Theodore D. McCown as Palaeoanthropus palestinensis, a descendant of Homo heidelbergensis.

Nahal Me'arot Nature Reserve
The Caves of Nahal Me’arot / Wadi el-Mughara ("Caves Creek"), named here by the Hebrew and Arabic name of the valley where they are located, are a UNESCO Site of Human Evolution in the Carmel mountain range near Haifa in northern Israel.

The four UNESCO-listed caves are:

Tabun or Tanur Cave (lit.: "Oven")

Gamal or el-Jamal Cave ("Camel")

El Wad or Nahal Cave ("Stream")

Skhul or Gedi Cave ("Kid")

The four caves were proclaimed a site of "outstanding universal value" by UNESCO in 2012. They are protected within a nature reserve.

The caves were used for habitation by hominins and prehistoric humans and contain unique evidence of very early burials, at the archaeological site of el-Wad cave in the Nahal Me'arot Nature Reserve.
Banking in South Sudan
Established by the Bank of South Sudan Act of 2011, the Central Bank of South Sudan is statutorily mandated to regulate the operations of all financial institutions in the country, including commercial banks. The Central Bank fulfills this mandate by issuing prudential guidelines and regulations as provided for under the Act. In theory, the licensed commercial banks are obligated to operate in accordance with these laws and guidelines, but many suggest this is not happening.

Bank of South Sudan
The Bank of South Sudan (BoSS) is the central bank of the Republic of South Sudan. Established in July 2011, by an Act of Parliament (The Bank of South Sudan Act, 2011), it replaced the now defunct Bank of Southern Sudan, a former branch of the Bank of Sudan, which had served as the central bank of South Sudan, during the period between February 2005 until July 2011. The bank is fully owned by the Government of South Sudan.
Common ownership
Common ownership refers to holding the assets of an organization, enterprise, or community indivisibly rather than in the names of the individual members or groups of members as common property. Forms of common ownership exist in every economic system. Common ownership of the means of production is a central goal of socialist political movements as it is seen as a necessary democratic mechanism for the creation and continued function of a communist society. Advocates make a distinction between collective ownership and common property (the commons) as the former refers to property owned jointly by agreement of a set of colleagues, such as producer cooperatives, whereas the latter refers to assets that are completely open for access, such as a public park freely available to everyone.

Collective ownership
Collective ownership is the ownership of property by all members of a group. The breadth or narrowness of the group can range from a whole society to a set of coworkers in a particular enterprise (such as one collective farm). In the latter narrower sense, collective ownership is distinguished from common ownership and the commons, which implies open access, the holding of assets in common, and the negation of ownership as such. Collective ownership of the means of production is the defining characteristic of socialism, where collective ownership can refer to society-wide ownership (social ownership) or to cooperative ownership by an organization's members. When contrasted with public ownership, collective ownership commonly refers to group ownership (such as a producer cooperative).
Mark Golovkov
Metropolitan Mark (Russian: Митрополит Марк, secular name Sergey Anatolievich Golovkov, Russian: Сергей Анатольевич Головков; born 31 March 1964), is a bishop in the Russian Orthodox Church. He holds the title of "Metropolitan of the Russian Orthodox Diocese of Ryazan and Mikhailovsky, head of the Ryazan Metropolis", as well as "Metropolitan of Budapest and Hungary".

In the past he was titular bishop of Bogorodsk, the title given to the head of the Parishes of the Russian Orthodox Church in Italy.

Patriarchal parishes in Italy
The Parishes of the Moscow Patriarchate in the Italian Republic (Russian: Приходы Московского патриархата в Итальянской Республике, Italian: parrocchie del Patriarcato di Mosca in Repubblica Italiana)  is a subdivision of the Russian Orthodox Church which covers the territory of Italy, Malta and San Marino.

Since 18 December 2018, the Patriarchal parishes in Italy is part of the Patriarchal Exarchate in Western Europe.

As Archbishop Mark (Golovkov) noted: "In fact, this structure is an analogy of the diocese". Such a structure is similar to an apostolic vicariate in the Roman Catholic Church.