hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benjamin Francis Bradley
Benjamin Francis Bradley (1898–1957) was a leading British communist and trade unionist who was accused of attempting to overthrow the British colonial rule in India, leading to him being sentenced in the Meerut Conspiracy Trial in 1933. His imprisonment in that case in 1929 provoked an enormous outcry, and in Britain, according to Stephen Howe, "probably inspired more left-wing pamphlet literature than any other colonial issue between the wars". He was also a key member of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB).

Meerut Conspiracy case
The Meerut Conspiracy Case was a controversial court case that was initiated in British Raj in March 1929 and decided in 1933. Several trade unionists, including three Englishmen, were arrested for organizing an Indian railway strike. The British government prosecuted 27 leftist trade union leaders for conspiracy. The trial immediately caught attention in England, where it inspired the 1932 play Meerut by a Manchester street theatre group, the Red Megaphones, highlighting the detrimental effects of colonisation and industrialisation.
Lanfear
Lanfear is a fictional character in the Wheel of Time fantasy novel series by American author Robert Jordan, and its television adaptation. She is introduced as the mysterious Selene in the 1990 novel The Great Hunt, and is later revealed to be Lanfear, one of the Forsaken, ancient servants of the malevolent Dark One. In the series, Lanfear is obsessed with Rand al'Thor, the reincarnation of Lews Therin Telamon, her lover from 3,000 years prior who had ultimately spurned her, before imprisoning her with the other Forsaken for the intervening millennia.

Lanfear is portrayed by Natasha O'Keeffe in the Wheel of Time television series adaptation, first appearing in the September 2023 episode "Strangers and Friends".

The Great Hunt
The Great Hunt is a fantasy novel by American author Robert Jordan, the second book of The Wheel of Time series. It was published by Tor Books and released on November 15, 1990. The Great Hunt consists of a prologue and 50 chapters. In 2004 The Great Hunt was re-released as two separate books, The Hunt Begins and New Threads in the Pattern.

The story features young heroes Rand al'Thor, Mat Cauthon, and Perrin Aybara, who join Shienaren soldiers in a quest to retrieve the Horn of Valere. At the same time, Egwene al'Vere, Nynaeve al'Meara, and Elayne Trakand go to the White Tower in Tar Valon to learn Aes Sedai ways. Finally, an exotic army invades the western coast.
Barnette's conjecture
Barnette's conjecture is an unsolved problem in graph theory, a branch of mathematics, concerning Hamiltonian cycles in graphs. It is named after David W. Barnette, a professor emeritus at the University of California, Davis; it states that every bipartite polyhedral graph with three edges per vertex has a Hamiltonian cycle.

Cubic graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a  cubic graph is a graph in which all vertices have degree three. In other words, a cubic graph is a 3-regular graph. Cubic graphs are also called trivalent graphs.

A bicubic graph is a cubic bipartite graph.
Alex P. Schmid
Alex Peter Schmid (born 1943) is a scholar in terrorism studies, who from 1999 to 2005 was Officer-in-Charge of the Terrorism Prevention Branch of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in Vienna. He is particularly known for his work on the definition of terrorism.

Schmid has lived and worked mostly in the Netherlands, and as of 2021, he is research fellow at the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT) in The Hague, and among his many other roles, is a director of the Terrorism Research Initiative and editor-in-chief of its journal, Perspectives on Terrorism.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC; French: Office des Nations unies contre la drogue et le crime) is a United Nations office that was established in 1997 as the Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention by combining the United Nations International Drug Control Program (UNDCP) and the Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division in the United Nations Office at Vienna, adopting the current name in 2002.

The agency's focus is the trafficking and abuse of illicit drugs, crime prevention and criminal justice, international terrorism, and political corruption. It is a member of the United Nations Development Group. In 2022–23, it had an estimated biannual budget of US$822 million.
Nash Mills
Nash Mills is a civil parish within Hemel Hempstead and Dacorum Borough Council on the northern side of the Grand Union Canal, formerly the River Gade, and in the southernmost corner of Hemel Hempstead. There is evidence of a mill in this location since the 11th century and the row of 16th century mill cottages still remain. John Dickinson established a number of papermaking mills in the area in the 19th century (Nash Mill).

The parish of Nash Mills was created in 1974 from that part of the parish of Abbots Langley within the designated area of Hemel Hempstead New Town. The parish was enlarged in 1985. The borough council ward extends beyond the parish boundary.

Hemel Hempstead
Hemel Hempstead (/ˌhɛməl ˈhɛmpstɪd/) is a town in the Dacorum district of Hertfordshire, England. It is located 24 miles (39 km) north-west of London; nearby towns and cities include Watford, St Albans and Berkhamsted. The population at the 2021 census was 95,961.

Hemel Hempstead has existed since at least the 8th century and was granted its town charter by Henry VIII in 1539. It has expanded and developed in recent decades after being designated as a New Town after the end of the Second World War.
Eurygaster integriceps
Eurygaster integriceps is a species of shield bug in the family Scutelleridae, commonly known as the sunn pest or corn bug. It is native to much of northern Africa, the Balkans and western and central Asia. It is a major pest of cereal crops especially wheat, barley and oats.

Scutelleridae
Scutelleridae is a family of true bugs. They are commonly known as jewel (stink) bugs or metallic shield bugs due to their often brilliant coloration. With the name based on the Asian genus Scutellera, they are also known as shield-backed bugs due to the enlargement of the thoracic scutellum into a continuous shield over the abdomen and wings. This latter characteristic distinguishes them from most other families within Heteroptera, and may lead to misidentification as a beetle rather than a bug. These insects use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant juices from a variety of different species, including some commercial crops. Closely related to stink bugs, they may also produce an offensive odour when disturbed. There are around 450 species worldwide.
Explorer 36
Explorer 36 (also called GEOS 2 or GEOS B, acronym for Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite) was a NASA satellite launched as part of the Explorer program, being the second of the two satellites GEOS. Explorer 36 was launched on 11 January 1968 from Vandenberg Air Force Base, with Thor-Delta E1 launch vehicle.

Explorer 36 was a gravity-gradient stabilized, solar cell powered spacecraft that carried electronic and geodetic instrumentation.  The spacecraft's thermal control system was notable for the first non-experimental use of a heat pipe in a spacecraft.

Explorers Program
The Explorers Program is a NASA exploration program that provides flight opportunities for physics, geophysics, heliophysics, and astrophysics investigations from space. Launched in 1958, Explorer 1 was the first spacecraft of the United States to achieve orbit. Over 90 space missions have been launched since. Starting with Explorer 6, it has been operated by NASA, with regular collaboration with a variety of other institutions, including many international partners.

Launchers for the Explorers Program have included Juno I, Juno II, various Thor, Scout, Delta and Pegasus launch vehicles, and Falcon 9.

The program has three classes: Medium-Class Explorers (MIDEX), Small Explorers (SMEX), and University-Class Explorers (UNEX), with select Missions of Opportunity operated with other agencies.
World of Light
In Mandaeism, the World of Light or Lightworld (Classical Mandaic: ࡀࡋࡌࡀ ࡖࡍࡄࡅࡓࡀ, romanized: alma ḏ-nhūra), also the Worlds of Light (Classical Mandaic: ࡀࡋࡌࡉࡀ ࡖࡍࡄࡅࡓࡀ, romanized: almia ḏ-nhūra, Modern Mandaic pronunciation: [ˈalmi dənˈhura]), is the primeval, transcendental world from which Tibil and the World of Darkness emerged.

Tibil
In Mandaean cosmology, Tibil (Classical Mandaic: ࡕࡉࡁࡉࡋ) or occasionally Arqa ḏ-Tibil (lit. "Tibil-Earth") is the Earth (World) or earthly middle realm. It is separated from the World of Light (alma ḏ-nhūra) above and the World of Darkness (alma ḏ-hšuka) below by ayar (aether).

To reach the World of Light (alma ḏ-nhūra) from Tibil, Mandaeans believe that need they to establish laufa (connection, union) to be reunited with the World of Light. The laufa is re-created and reconfirmed by priests through rituals such as maṣbuta (baptism). Upon death, priests must perform masiqta rituals to help the departed soul successfully navigate from Tibil through the various maṭarta (watch-stations) that lie in between, in order to reach the World of Light.
Wittenberg University
Wittenberg University (officially Wittenberg College) is a private liberal arts college in Springfield, Ohio, United States. It had 1,326 full-time students drawn from 33 states and 9 foreign countries in 2022 but enrollment has declined. Wittenberg University is associated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. Although the college is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, it was placed on probation in November 2025 for not meeting HLC criteria related to financial management.

Springfield, Ohio
Springfield is a city in Clark County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is located in southwestern Ohio along the Mad River, Buck Creek, and Beaver Creek, about 45 miles (72 km) west of Columbus and 25 miles (40 km) northeast of Dayton. The city had a total population of 58,662 at the 2020 census, while the Springfield metropolitan area had 136,001 residents.

Springfield is home to Wittenberg University, a liberal arts college, and Clark State College, a community college. The Little Miami Scenic Trail, a paved rail-trail that is nearly 80 miles (130 kilometers) long, extends from the Buck Creek Scenic Trail head in Springfield south to Newtown, Ohio. Buck Creek State Park and its Clarence J. Brown reservoir are located at the city limits.
Rolf Järmann
Rolf Järmann (born 31 January 1966) is a retired road bicycle racer from Switzerland, who was a professional rider from 1988 to 1999. He twice won the Amstel Gold Race (1993 and 1998) during his career. He was the Swiss National Road Race champion in 1990. He won the Tour de Pologne in 1997. He won a stage in the 1989 Giro d'Italia, the 1992 Tour de France and also won the 1998 Tirreno-Adriatico.

According to a Cyclingnews.com report, in his book Doping, Spitzensport als gesellschaftliches Problem (Doping, Top Sport as a Social Problem), Järmann admits to using EPO.

1992 Tour de France
The 1992 Tour de France was the 79th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 4 to 26 July. The total race distance was 21 stages and a prologue over 3,978 km (2,472 mi). In honor of the Maastricht Treaty, which created the European Union, the Tour visited a record seven countries: France, Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and Italy.
David Shoenberg
David Shoenberg (4 January 1911 – 10 March 2004) was a British physicist who worked in condensed matter physics. Shoenberg is known for having developed experimental and theoretical principles to study the De Haas–Van Alphen effect to characterize the electrical conduction of metals.

De Haas–Van Alphen effect
The De Haas–Van Alphen effect, often abbreviated to DHVA, is a quantum mechanical effect by which the magnetic susceptibility of a pure metal crystal oscillates as the intensity of the magnetic field B is increased. It can be used to determine the Fermi surface of a material. Other quantities also oscillate, such as the electrical resistivity (Shubnikov–de Haas effect), specific heat, and sound attenuation and speed.  It is named after Wander Johannes de Haas and his student Pieter M. van Alphen. The DHVA effect comes from the orbital motion of itinerant electrons in the material. An equivalent phenomenon at low magnetic fields is known as Landau diamagnetism.
John Rodgers (bishop)
John Hubert Macey Rodgers CMG SM (9 October 1915 – 10 January 1997) was a Missionary bishop. He was Vicar Apostolic of Tonga and Niue (1953–1966) Bishop of Tonga (1966–1973) then Bishop of Rarotonga (1973–1977), Auxiliary Bishop of Auckland (1977–1985), Superior of the Mission, Funafuti, Tuvalu (1986).

Mission sui iuris of Funafuti
The Mission sui iuris of Funafuti (Latin: Missio Sui Iuris Funafutinum) is a Latin Catholic mission sui juris (pre-diocesan missionary jurisdiction) in Tuvalu, Polynesia.

It depends on the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, yet it is exceptionally not exempt, but instead is a suffragan of a Metropolitan archdiocese. Since 21 March 2003, that metropolitan see has been the Archdiocese of Suva; until that date, it had been a different see, i.e., the Archdiocese of Samoa-Apia.

Its only place of worship is Teone Church in Vaiaku, on Fongafale island in Tuvalu.

On June 3, 2024, Pope Francis appointed Mission Society of the Philippines priest, Fr. Eliseo Napiere, as superior of the Mission sui iuris of Funafuti. He succeeded Reynaldo B. Getalado, M. S. P., appointed in 2014, who was installed coadjutor bishop of the Diocese of Rarotonga on April 27.
Philippe Goibaut
Philippe Goibaut des Bois La Grugère (pronounced [filip ɡwabo de bwɑ la ɡʁyʒɛʁ]; 22? March 1629 – 1 July 1694), known to his contemporaries as Monsieur Du Bois (pronounced [məsjø dy bwɑ]), was a translator of St. Augustine, member of the Académie Française and director of Mademoiselle de Guise's musical ensemble. Goibaut is the preferred spelling: that is how he signed his name.

One of his detractors claimed that Goibaut began his career as dancing master to the young Louis Joseph, Duke of Guise and did not learn Latin until he was thirty, when the Jansenist “Messieurs” of Port-Royal became his spiritual and intellectual mentors. In 1965 Jean Mesnard's research into the circle around Blaise Pascal proved the inaccuracy of this legend. Mesnard's findings have shaped the biography that follows.

Marie de Lorraine, Duchess of Guise
Marie de Lorraine (15 August 1615 – 3 March 1688) was the daughter of Charles de Lorraine, Duke of Guise and Henriette Catherine de Joyeuse and the last member of the House of Guise, a branch of the House of Lorraine.
South Los Angeles
South Los Angeles is an urban region in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, United States, lying mostly within the city limits of Los Angeles, south of downtown.
It is defined on Los Angeles city maps as a 16-square-mile (41 km2) rectangle. In 2003, the Los Angeles City Council renamed the area from South Central Los Angeles to its current name.

The name South Los Angeles can also refer to a larger 51-square-mile (130 km2) region that includes areas within the city limits of Los Angeles as well as five unincorporated areas in the southern portion of Los Angeles County.

Crenshaw, Los Angeles
Crenshaw, also referred to as the Crenshaw District, is a neighborhood in South Los Angeles, California.

The neighborhood's diverse cultural history is marked by an influx of Japanese Americans after World War II and the subsequent development of a thriving African American community. By the early 1970s, African Americans were Crenshaw's majority demographic group, and the neighborhood came to be known as a hub of Black culture in Los Angeles.
Perfect 10 (song)
"Perfect 10" is a song by English pop rock band the Beautiful South, released on 21 September 1998 as the first single from their sixth studio album, Quench (1998). It debuted at number two on the UK Singles Chart, selling 89,000 copies during its first week of release, and is the band's last UK top-10 single as of 2026. It received a platinum certification from the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for sales and streaming figures exceeding 600,000 units.

Quench (album)
Quench is the Beautiful South's sixth album, released in the UK on 12 October 1998. Including the compilation Carry On Up The Charts, it was the band's third album in a row to reach the top of the charts.

The cover depicts a boxer painted by Scottish painter Peter Howson. Commissioned for the album, the original painting can be seen in the Ferens Art Gallery, Hull. After the band cropped the image and used it in merchandise and promotional material, Howson took legal action against the band, receiving around £30,000 in damages. Whilst the first two singles from the album also have artwork by Howson, "How Long's a Tear Take to Dry?" and "The Table" do not.
Sanjukta Panigrahi
Sanjukta Panigrahi (24 August 1944 – 24 June 1997) was a classical dancer from India, who was the foremost exponent of Indian classical dance Odissi.  Sanjukta was the first Odia woman to embrace this ancient classical dance at an early age and ensure its grand revival.

In recognition of her contribution to dancing and associated activities, she was honoured with one of India's highest civilian awards the, Padma Shri (1975). She is also recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1976.

Apart from presenting Odissi performances in different parts of India, Sanjukta Panigrahi has been a part of Government's cultural delegation to different countries, including to the US and the Philippines (1969), United Kingdom (1983), Israel, Delphi International Festival in Greece (1989). She has also performed in France for eleven weeks, and participated there in the International Music Festival at Paris.

Kelucharan Mohapatra
Kelucharan Mohapatra (8 January 1926 – 7 April 2004) was a legendary Indian classical dancer, guru, and exponent of Odissi dance, who is credited with the revival and popularizing of this classical dance form in the 20th century.
He is the first person to receive the Padma Vibhushan from Odisha.

A noted Sanskrit poet of India writes on this Guru: Saango-paanga-subhangi-laasya-madhuram samteerna-nrutyaarnavam, which translates as – "Each fraction of his dancing body leads to paramount sweetness, through miraculous poses and postures. In fact, Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra crossed the ocean of styles."
Framingham State University
Framingham State University (Framingham State or FSU) is a public university in Framingham, Massachusetts. The university, then known as the Normal School in Lexington was founded in 1839 as the first state-supported normal school in the United States before becoming a full-fledged university. It offers undergraduate programs as well as graduate programs, including MBA, MEd, and MS.

Framingham, Massachusetts
Framingham (/ˈfreɪmɪŋhæm/ ⓘ) is a city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,  United States. Incorporated in 1700, it is located in Middlesex County and the MetroWest subregion of the Greater Boston metropolitan area. The city proper covers 25 square miles (65 km2) with a population of 72,362 in 2020, making it the 14th most populous municipality in Massachusetts. Residents voted in favor of adopting a charter to transition from a representative town meeting system to a mayor–council government in April 2017, and the municipality transitioned to city status on January 1, 2018. Before it transitioned, it had been the largest town by population in Massachusetts.

The city has one of the largest Brazilian American populations in the United States, with a considerable Brazilian presence since the 1980s.
United Welsh Church, Blackstone
United Welsh Church is a heritage-listed union church at 6 Thomas Street, Blackstone, City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Samuel Shenton and built in 1886 by Worley & Whitehead. It is also known as Welsh Chapel and Welsh Union Church. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Union Church (Australia)
In Australia, a Union Church is a church building owned and maintained by a local trust and available to multiple denominations.

Such churches were once common in rural areas. Some were available to all denominations and even to other religions, others specified particular beliefs, such as the Nicene Creed. Many still exist and are in regular use.
Washington Saldías Fuentealba
Washington Saldías Fuentealba (6 September 1927 – 31 October 1989) was the 29th Mayor of the Chilean commune of Pichilemu, office which he held between May 1971 and September 1973: his term was interrupted by the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, which put General Augusto Pinochet in the power of the country, and who later appointed Carlos Echazarreta Iñiguez as the successor of Saldías. Saldías was also regidor of the commune of Pichilemu between 1963 and 1971, and a founding member of the Club Aéreo de Pichilemu (Aerial Club of Pichilemu).

Carlos Echazarreta Iñiguez
Carlos José Ramón Echazarreta Iñiguez (born 11 November 1934) is a Chilean politician who served as the 27th and 30th Mayor of the commune of Pichilemu. He first held office from May 1963 to May 1967, and through the early months of the Augusto Pinochet military regime, between September and November 1973. In 1967, he was succeeded by Carlos Rojas Pavez, and in 1973, he was succeeded by Mario Urrutia Carrasco. Echazarreta was also a regidor of Pichilemu for several terms between 1959 and 1973.
South Fort George
South Fort George is a suburb of Prince George, British Columbia, Canada.

Before the arrival of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway in 1914, the Prince George area was known as Fort George and was a Lheidli T'enneh village and Hudson's Bay Company store.

In 1909, two rival townsites were built and promoted. One was on the Fraser River and was called South Fort George, while the other was on the Nechako River and was called Central Fort George. Both of these townsites believed that the railway would build a station in their community, but in May 1912, the railway chose to purchase the First Nation's village instead.

Prince George, British Columbia
Prince George is a city in British Columbia, Canada, situated at the confluence of the Fraser and Nechako rivers. The city itself has a population of 76,708; the metro census agglomeration has a population of 89,490. It is often called the province's "northern capital" because it serves as a centre for higher education, health care, government services, arts and entertainment, sports, and support for major industries such as forest products and mining.
Duelo
Duelo "El Desafio Musical" is a Mexican norteño band from Roma, Texas, United States. The band is also known as Grupo Duelo and originally known as Duelo Norteño. The group rose to prominence in the early 2000s and continues to record to the present day.

In 2009, Necesito Más de Ti debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard Top Latin Albums and Regional Mexican Albums charts. In 2010, their album Solamente Tú also debuted at No. 1 on both charts. In 2003, Billboard magazine said, "Duelo's tunes describe feelings of puppy love or youthful optimism".

Solamente Tú (album)
Solamente tú (Only You) is the eighth studio album by Regional Mexican band Duelo. It was released on April 16, 2010 by Fonovisa Records. The songs are mostly inspired by disappointment in love. Musically, the album drew inspiration from country rock and Americana while incorporating the band’s signature norteño style.

The album received positive reviews, commending Duelo's ability to sing about romantic love, instead of entering the fashion of contemporary groups that perform narcocorridos. The album went to number-one in the United States, topping the Billboard's Latin Albums and Regional Mexican Albums charts, and reaching the top forty in Mexico. The first two singles from the album, "Soy como no soy" and "Te odio y te amo", were both hits reaching the top forty in the Regional Mexican Airplay chart. Solamente Tú received a Latin Grammy Award nomination for Best Norteño Album.