hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anna Neagle
Dame Florence Marjorie Wilcox (née Robertson; 20 October 1904 – 3 June 1986), known professionally as Anna Neagle, was an English stage and film actress, singer, and dancer.

She was a successful box-office draw in British cinema for 20 years and was voted the most popular star in Britain in 1949. She was known for providing glamour and sophistication to war-torn London audiences with her lightweight musicals, comedies, and historical dramas. Almost all of her films were produced and directed by Herbert Wilcox, whom she married in 1943.

In her historical dramas, Neagle was renowned for her portrayals of British historical figures, including Nell Gwyn (Nell Gwyn, 1934), Queen Victoria (Victoria the Great, 1937 and Sixty Glorious Years, 1938), Edith Cavell (Nurse Edith Cavell, 1939), and Florence Nightingale (The Lady with a Lamp, 1951).

Nell Gwyn
Eleanor Gwyn (also spelled Gwynn, Gwynne, Gwin; 2 February 1650 – 14 November 1687) was an English stage actress and celebrity figure of the Restoration period. Praised by Samuel Pepys for her comic performances as one of the first actresses on the English stage, she became best known for being a longtime mistress of King Charles II of England.

Called "pretty, witty Nell" by Pepys, she has been regarded as a living embodiment of the spirit of Restoration England, and has come to be considered a folk heroine, with a story echoing the rags-to-royalty tale of Cinderella. Gwyn had two sons by King Charles: Charles Beauclerk (1670–1726) and James Beauclerk (1671–1680). Charles Beauclerk was created Earl of Burford and Duke of St Albans; Murray Beauclerk, 14th Duke of St Albans is her descendant, and the current holder of the title.
Slam (DJs)
Slam are a Scottish producer/DJ duo from Glasgow, Scotland, consisting of Stuart McMillan (born 1966, Glasgow) and Orde Meikle (born 1964, Oxford). They are co-founders of Soma Quality Recordings. Their music style consists of house and techno.

Soma Quality Recordings
Soma Quality Recordings (or simply Soma Records) is an independent record label based in Glasgow, Scotland. It was co-founded in 1991 by the electronic music duo Slam, Dave Clarke (not the English techno musician), and Glenn Gibbons. The label is known for releasing early works from Slam, Jeff Mills, and Funk D'Void, as well as tracks such as Silicone Soul's "Right On Right On", Felix da Housecat's "Clashback", and the original vinyl version of Daft Punk's "Da Funk".
Wicked Witch of the West
The Wicked Witch of the West is a character in the classic children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) by the American author L. Frank Baum, who is the evil ruler of the Winkie Country, the western region in the Land of Oz. She is inadvertently killed by the child Dorothy Gale with a bucket of water. In Baum's subsequent Oz novels, the Wicked Witch of the West is referred to occasionally.

Margaret Hamilton played the role of the witch in the classic 1939 film based on Baum's novel. Hamilton's characterization introduced green skin, a feature repeated in later literary and dramatic representations, including Gregory Maguire's 1995 revisionist novel Wicked (as well as the novel's 2003 stage musical adaptation and subsequent two-part film adaptation), the 2013 film Oz the Great and Powerful, and the television series Once Upon a Time.

Wicked Witch of the East
The Wicked Witch of the East is a fictional character created by American author  L. Frank Baum. She is a crucial 
character but appears only briefly in Baum's classic children's series of Oz novels, most notably The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900).

The Wicked Witch was a middle-aged, malevolent woman who conquered and tyrannized the Munchkin Country in Oz's eastern quadrant, forcing the native Munchkins to slave for her night and day. Her charmed Silver Shoes (changed to ruby slippers in the 1939 film musical) held many mysterious powers and were her precious possession. The Witch is killed when Dorothy Gale's farmhouse lands on her at the start of the first book. Her body turns to dust, leaving behind the magical shoes to be passed to Dorothy.
Scoops (magazine)
Scoops was a weekly British science fiction magazine published by Pearson's in tabloid format in 1934, edited by Haydn Dimmock. Scoops was launched as a boy's paper, and it was not until several issues had appeared that Dimmock discovered there was an adult audience for science fiction.  Circulation was poor, and Dimmock attempted to change the magazine's focus to more mature material.  He reprinted Arthur Conan Doyle's The Poison Belt, improved the cover art, and obtained fiction from British science fiction writers such as John Russell Fearn and Maurice Hugi, but to no avail.  Pearson's cancelled the magazine because of poor sales; the twentieth issue, dated 23 June 1934, was the last. The failure of the magazine contributed to the belief that Britain could not support a science fiction magazine, and it was not until 1937, with Tales of Wonder, that another attempt was made.

C. Arthur Pearson Ltd.
C. Arthur Pearson Ltd. was a British publisher of newspapers, periodicals, books, and comics that operated from 1890 to c. 1965. The company was founded by C. Arthur Pearson, later to be known as Sir Arthur Pearson, 1st Baronet.

Pearson was involved in the periodical business during its entire existence, known for publishing such titles as Pearson's Weekly, Home Notes, Pearson's Magazine, The Royal Magazine, London Opinion, and Men Only. The company was in the newspaper business from 1898 to 1916, most notably with the formation of the Daily Express. C. Arthur Pearson Ltd also published materials related to the British Boy Scout movement.

Initially an independent publisher, Pearson became an imprint of George Newnes Ltd around 1914. Newnes/Pearson was acquired by Odhams Press in 1960; all three companies became part of the International Publishing Company in 1961.
Northumberland Hussars
The Northumberland Hussars  was a Yeomanry regiment of the British Army, transferred to the Royal Artillery for the duration of the Second World War. It was disbanded as an independent Territorial Army unit in 1967, a time when the strength of the Territorial Army was greatly reduced. The regiment's name lives on in the title of the command and support squadron of the Queen's Own Yeomanry (QOY), a Formation Reconnaissance Regiment based in Newcastle upon Tyne.

Queen's Own Yeomanry
The Queen's Own Yeomanry (QOY) is a reserve light cavalry reconnaissance regiment of the British Army. The regiment is part of the 19th Brigade, which was reactivated in 2022. The regimental headquarters is at Fenham Barracks, Newcastle, with squadrons in York, Wigan, Chester and Newcastle.
Charles Odamtten Easmon
Charles Odamtten Easmon or C. O. Easmon, popularly known as Charlie Easmon, FRCSEd, FICS, FGA, FWACS, GM (22 September 1913 – 19 May 1994) was a medical doctor and academic who became the first Ghanaian to formally qualify as a surgeon specialist and the first Dean of the University of Ghana Medical School. In 1964, Easmon performed the first successful open-heart surgery in Ghana and modern scholars credit him as the "Father of Cardiac Surgery in West Africa". Easmon was of Sierra Leone Creole, Ga-Dangme, African-American, Danish, and Irish ancestry and a member of the distinguished Easmon family, a Sierra Leone Creole medical dynasty of African-American descent.

West African College of Surgeons
The West African College of Surgeons is a professional organization that promotes education, training, examinations and research in surgery in Africa. The college is the first organization to organize surgical subspecialty training in the region. It awards diploma of fellowship in surgery and is one of two bodies that accredits institutions to train surgical residents in member countries.
The Cobweb Palace
The Cobweb Palace was a popular saloon and restaurant at Meiggs Wharf in San Francisco, California during and after the Gold Rush. It was run by eccentric "Old Abe" Warner, who traded drinks for exotic pets, curios, and pieces of scrimshaw as well as money. An old, physically disabled sailor sold peanuts outside. The Palace was popular with seafarers, tourists, and locals alike. Old Abe's menu included free chowder, seafood, alcohol, and local French bread, but not straight whisky, which he thought of as a lesser drink. There was a shooting gallery, and the bar was a few steps below the sidewalk.

Mark Twain may have visited the place.

Abraham Warner
Abraham "Old Abe" Warner (circa 1814-1896) was an eccentric shop owner in the nineteenth century, in New York and San Francisco.
Abraham Warner was fond of children, animals, art, and his collection of various items. He was superstitious about or perhaps admired spiders, as he refused to kill them or to disrupt their webs. He however kept himself tidy and well groomed. The most commonly ordered drink at his bar was a gin and whisky hot toddy with cloves, but he refused to sell whisky straight. He made free chowder and sold locally made French bread alongside French and Spanish drinks, and seafood.
GE Verias
Gymnastiki Enosi Verias was a Greek sports club from Veria. It was active in athletics, boxing, chess, handball, table tennis, volleyball and weightlifting, but it is best known for the handball section. The women's team won six national championships and seven national cups between 1987 and 1996 including five doubles in a row, appearing regularly in IHF/EHF competitions until 1998, and the men's team were also national champions in 1997. They also reached the national cup's final in 1992, but lost to local rivals Filippos Veria.

Greek Women's Handball Cup
The Greek women's handball cup is an annual competition, the most important in Greek women's handball together with the Greek championship. The first winner was GE Veria in 1987. Anagennisi Artas holds the record of cups won with nine consecutive titles between 1998 and 2006. Ormi Patras was the team that put an end to that domination by winning the title on May 13, 2007.
Hecatoncheires
In Greek mythology, the Hecatoncheires (Ancient Greek: Ἑκατόγχειρες, romanized: Hekatóncheires, lit. 'Hundred-Handed Ones'), also called Hundred-Handers or Centimanes (/ˈsɛntɪmeɪnz/; Latin: Centimani), were three monstrous giants, of enormous size and strength, each with fifty heads and one hundred arms. They were individually named Cottus (the furious), Briareus (or Aegaeon, the sea goat) and Gyges (or Gyes, the long-limbed). In the standard tradition, they were the offspring of Uranus (Sky) and of Gaia (Earth), and helped Zeus and the Olympians to overthrow the Titans in the Titanomachy.

Uranus (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Uranus (/ˈjʊərənəs/ YOOR-ə-nəs, also /jʊˈreɪnəs/ yoo-RAY-nəs), sometimes written Ouranos (Ancient Greek: Οὐρανός, lit. 'sky', [uːranós]), is the personification of the sky and one of the Greek primordial deities. According to Hesiod, Uranus was the son and husband of Gaia (Earth), with whom he fathered the first generation of Titans. However, no cult addressed directly to Uranus survived into classical times, and Uranus does not appear among the usual themes of Greek painted pottery. Elemental Earth, Sky, and Styx might be joined, however, in solemn invocation in Homeric epic. The translation of his name in Latin is Caelus.
Bar Harbor, Maine
Bar Harbor is a resort town on Mount Desert Island in Hancock County, Maine, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population is 5,089. The town is home to the College of the Atlantic, Jackson Laboratory, and MDI Biological Laboratory. During summer and fall seasons, it is a popular tourist destination.

Bar Harbor is also home to the largest parts of Acadia National Park, including Cadillac Mountain, the highest point within 25 miles (40 km) of the coastline of the Eastern United States.

From the mainland, Bar Harbor is accessible by road via Maine State Route 3. The island is directly accessible by air at Hancock County–Bar Harbor Airport, and by ferry from Winter Harbor, Maine, and Yarmouth, Nova Scotia.

Yarmouth, Nova Scotia
Yarmouth is a port town in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada at the entrance to the Gulf of Maine—making it a significant coastal town for maritime activity.  Yarmouth is the shire town of Yarmouth County and is the largest population centre in the region.
Bernard Michael Houseal
Reverend Bernard Michael Houseal (German: Bernhard Michael Hausihl; 1727 in Heilbronn, Germany – 9 March 1799 in Halifax, Canada) was a German Lutheran minister in North America, and the first resident minister of Frederick, Maryland. He preached at the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Frederick, Maryland (1752) and was the first German minister of Little Dutch Church in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He was a Loyalist refugee who escaped New York with his family and slaves.

Evangelical Lutheran Church (Frederick, Maryland)
The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Frederick, Maryland is the oldest Evangelical Lutheran Church in America in Maryland (1752) and one of the oldest in the United States. While the congregation began to meet in 1733, the first minister of the church was Rev. Bernard Michael Houseal (1752-1759).  The building of the church was slowed because of the outbreak of the French and Indian War but was completed before the war was over (1762).

Founded by German immigrants, church services were entirely in German until 1810. English was introduced in that year, with both German and English sermons until 1816. After 1816, all sermons were in English.
Hung En-tzu
Hung En-tzu (Chinese: 洪恩慈; pinyin: Hóng Ēncí; born 6 July 2001) is a Taiwanese badminton player. Partnering with Hsieh Pei-shan, Hung achieved a career-high world ranking of No. 12 on 13 May 2025. Their victory at the 2025 Taipei Open Super 300 tournament was particularly notable; it ended Chinese Taipei’s 17-year wait for a women’s doubles crown at their home event and emulated the 2008 victory of their high school coach, Chien Yu-chin.

2025 Taipei Open
The 2025 Taipei Open (officially known as the Yonex Taipei Open 2025) was a badminton tournament that took place at Taipei Arena in Taipei, Taiwan, from 6 to 11 May 2025 and had a total prize of $240,000.
MV John Hamilton Gray
MV John Hamilton Gray was an icebreaking railway, vehicle, and passenger ferry which operated across the Abegweit Passage of Northumberland Strait, connecting Port Borden to Cape Tormentine between 1968–1997.

John Hamilton Gray was named in honour of two different people who shared the same name:

John Hamilton Gray, the fifth premier of the British colony of Prince Edward Island and one of Canada's Fathers of Confederation.

John Hamilton Gray, the second premier of the British colony of New Brunswick and also one of Canada's Fathers of Confederation.

Both men lived in the same era and ended up in public service in the neighbouring colonies of Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, which this vessel would connect as a ferry.

Cape Tormentine, New Brunswick
46°07′N 63°47′W﻿ / ﻿46.117°N 63.783°W﻿ / 46.117; -63.783

Cape Tormentine is a rural community and former local service district in southeastern New Brunswick, Canada. It is located on the Northumberland Strait at the Abegweit Passage, the shortest crossing between Prince Edward Island and the mainland. It once flourished as a transportation hub between New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island but has been in decline since 1997 when the ferry service was closed due to the opening of the Confederation Bridge. At the Canada 2011 Census the population was 108, three quarters what it was at the 2006 census.

Cape Tormentine is named for the eponymous cape. For the purpose of Statistics Canada's census it is in Botsford Parish.
Integrated Windows Authentication
Integrated Windows Authentication (IWA)
is a term associated with Microsoft products that refers to the SPNEGO, Kerberos, and NTLMSSP authentication protocols with respect to SSPI functionality introduced with Microsoft Windows 2000 and included with later Windows NT-based operating systems. The term is used more commonly for the automatically authenticated connections between Microsoft Internet Information Services, Internet Explorer, and other Active Directory aware applications.

IWA is also known by several names like HTTP Negotiate authentication, NT Authentication, NTLM Authentication, Domain authentication, Windows Integrated Authentication, Windows NT Challenge/Response authentication, or simply Windows Authentication.

NTLMSSP
NTLMSSP (NT LAN Manager (NTLM) Security Support Provider) is a binary messaging protocol used by the Microsoft Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI) to facilitate NTLM challenge-response authentication and to negotiate integrity and confidentiality options. NTLMSSP is used wherever SSPI authentication is used including Server Message Block / CIFS extended security authentication, HTTP Negotiate authentication (e.g. IIS with IWA turned on) and MSRPC services.

The NTLMSSP and NTLM challenge-response protocol have been documented in Microsoft's Open Protocol Specification.
The Ghost of Cain
The Ghost of Cain is the third studio album by the English rock band New Model Army. Released in 1986, The Ghost of Cain propelled the band to the forefront of the alternative rock scene in the 1980s. Not least thanks to the widely acclaimed underground hit song, "51st State", which is the only song by the band to date to feature lyrics not written by the band themselves; the lyrics were written by Ashley Cartwright of The Shakes.

It was the first album to feature new bassist, Jason 'Moose' Harris. It also features former Nine Below Zero member Mark Feltham as a guest musician on harmonica on songs "Poison Street" and "Ballad".

Brazilian thrash metal band Sepultura covered the song "The Hunt" on their 1993 album, Chaos A.D. UK folk metal band Skyclad covered the song "Master Race" on their Oui Avant-Garde á Chance album in 1996.

Moose Harris
Moose Harris is a British bass guitarist, who was known as Jason James Harris until June 2001, when he legally changed his name to reflect his former nickname and adopted professional alias of "Moose".
Taddeo Barberini
Taddeo Barberini (1603–1647) was an Italian nobleman of the House of Barberini who became Prince of Palestrina and Gonfalonier of the Church; commander of the Papal Army. He was a nephew of Pope Urban VIII and brother of Cardinals Francesco Barberini and Antonio Barberini. Thanks to their uncle's famous nepotism, the brothers shaped 17th-century Italian politics, religion, art, music and architecture.

Pope Urban VIII
Pope Urban VIII (Latin: Urbanus VIII; Italian: Urbano VIII; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644), born Maffeo Vincenzo Barberini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 August 1623 to his death, in July 1644. As pope, he expanded the papal territory by force of arms and advantageous politicking, and was also a prominent patron of the arts, commissioning works from artists like Gian Lorenzo Bernini, and a reformer of Church missions. His papacy also covered 21 years of the Thirty Years' War.

The massive debts incurred during his pontificate greatly weakened his successors, who were unable to maintain the papacy's longstanding political and military influence in Europe. He was also an opponent of Copernicanism and was involved in the Galileo affair, which saw the astronomer tried for heresy. He is the last pope to date to take the papal name Urban.
Lulu G. Stillman
Lulu G. Stillman (1881/1882 – July 4, 1969) was an American advocate for Native Americans. She worked as a stenographer and researcher to produce the Everett report, which concluded that the Iroquois had a legal right to 6,000,000 acres (2,400,000 ha) of land in New York, in the 1920s and preserved the report after it was rejected by the New York State Assembly. She subsequently became a prominent advocate on behalf of the Iroquois Nation, helping to defeat the Indian Reorganization Act in New York.

Everett report
The Everett Report of 1922 was a New York State Assembly report compiled by a legislative commission led by Edward A. Everett. It concluded that "the Iroquois were fraudulently dispossessed of over six million acres of land in New York." However, the report was "buried" by New York State and not published until 1971.
Auxin
Auxins (plural of auxin /ˈɔːksɪn/) are a class of plant hormones (or plant-growth regulators) with some morphogen-like characteristics. Auxins play a cardinal role in coordination of many growth and behavioral processes in plant life cycles and are essential for plant body development. The Dutch biologist Frits Warmolt Went first described auxins and their role in plant growth in the 1920s.
Kenneth V. Thimann became the first to isolate one of these phytohormones and to determine its chemical structure as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Went and Thimann co-authored a book on plant hormones, Phytohormones, in 1937.

Plant hormone
Plant hormones (or phytohormones) are signal molecules, produced within plants, that occur in extremely low concentrations. Plant hormones control all aspects of plant growth and development, including embryogenesis, the regulation of organ size, pathogen defense, stress tolerance and reproductive development. Unlike in animals (in which hormone production is restricted to specialized glands) each plant cell is capable of producing hormones. Went and Thimann coined the term "phytohormone" and used it in the title of their 1937 book.

Phytohormones occur across the plant kingdom, and even in algae, where they have similar functions to those seen in vascular plants ("higher plants"). Some phytohormones also occur in microorganisms, such as unicellular fungi and bacteria, however in these cases they do not play a hormonal role and can better be regarded as secondary metabolites.
National Museum of Health and Medicine
The National Museum of Health and Medicine (NMHM) is a museum in Silver Spring, Maryland, near Washington, D.C. The museum was founded by U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond as the Army Medical Museum (AMM) in 1862; it became the NMHM in 1989 and relocated to its present site at the Army's Forest Glen Annex in 2012. An element of the Defense Health Agency (DHA), the NMHM is a member of the National Health Sciences Consortium.

Silver Spring, Maryland
Silver Spring is a census-designated place (CDP) in southeastern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, near Washington, D.C. Although officially unincorporated, it is an edge city with a population of 81,015 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous place in Maryland after Baltimore, Columbia, Germantown, and Waldorf.

Downtown Silver Spring, located next to the northern tip of Washington, D.C., is the oldest and most urbanized area of Silver Spring, surrounded by several inner suburban residential neighborhoods inside the Capital Beltway. Many mixed-use developments combining retail, residential, and office space have been built since 2004.

Silver Spring takes its name from a mica-flecked spring discovered there in 1840 by Francis Preston Blair, who subsequently bought much of the area's surrounding land. Acorn Park, south of downtown, is believed to be the site of the original spring.
Sviatoslav Richter
Sviatoslav Teofilovich Richter (March 20 [O.S. March 7] 1915 – August 1, 1997) was a Soviet and Russian classical pianist. He is regarded as one of the greatest pianists of all time, and has been praised for the "depth of his interpretations, his virtuoso technique, and his vast repertoire".

Heinrich Neuhaus
Heinrich Gustav Neuhaus (Polish: Henryk (Henry) Neuhaus; Russian: Ге́нрих Густа́вович Нейга́уз, romanized: Genrikh Gustavovich Neygauz; 12 April [O.S. 31 March] 1888 – 10 October 1964) was a Russian and Soviet pianist and teacher. Part of a musical dynasty, he was of German descent. He taught at the Moscow Conservatory from 1922 to 1964. Neuhaus was also awarded the People's Artist of the RSFSR (1956).

His piano textbook The Art of Piano Playing (1958) is regarded as one of the most authoritative and widely used approaches to the subject.