hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Langmuir circulation
In physical oceanography, Langmuir circulation consists of a series of shallow, slow, counter-rotating vortices at the ocean's surface aligned with the wind.
These circulations are developed when wind blows steadily over the sea surface. 
Irving Langmuir discovered this phenomenon after observing windrows of seaweed in the Sargasso Sea in 1927.
Langmuir circulations circulate within the mixed layer; however, it is not yet so clear how strongly they can cause mixing at the base of the mixed layer.

Mixed layer
The oceanic or limnological mixed layer is a layer in which active turbulence has homogenized some range of depths. The surface mixed layer is a layer where this turbulence is generated by winds, surface heat fluxes, or processes such as evaporation or sea ice formation which result in an increase in salinity.   The atmospheric mixed layer is a zone having nearly constant potential temperature and specific humidity with height. The depth of the atmospheric mixed layer is known as the mixing height.  Turbulence typically plays a role in the formation of fluid mixed layers.
First Interstate Bancorp
First Interstate Bancorp was a bank holding company based in the United States. Headquartered in Los Angeles, it was the nation's eighth largest banking company.

Although First Interstate Bancorp was taken over by Wells Fargo in 1996, the name (along with the company logo) has continued to be used in the banking world by First Interstate BancSystem, who has been using the name under a franchise agreement since 1984.

First Interstate BancSystem
First Interstate BancSystem, Inc. is a financial holding company headquartered in Billings, Montana. It is the parent company of First Interstate Bank, a community bank with locations throughout 14 states within the Western and Midwestern United States. It is the largest bank based in Montana, as measured by total assets.
Final stellation of the icosahedron
In geometry, the complete or final stellation of the icosahedron is the outermost stellation of the icosahedron, and is "complete" and "final" because it includes all of the cells in the icosahedron's stellation diagram. That is, every three intersecting face planes of the icosahedral core intersect either on a vertex of this polyhedron or inside of it. It was studied by Max Brückner after the discovery of Kepler–Poinsot polyhedron. It can be viewed as an irregular, simple, and star polyhedron.

Stellation
In geometry, stellation is the process of extending a polygon in two dimensions, a polyhedron in three dimensions, or, in general, a polytope in n dimensions to form a new figure. Starting with an original figure, the process extends specific elements such as its edges or face planes, usually in a symmetrical way, until they meet each other again to form the closed boundary of a new figure. The new figure is a stellation of the original. The word stellation comes from the Latin stellātus, "starred", which in turn comes from the Latin stella, "star".
Stellation is the reciprocal or dual process to faceting.
Shah Inayat Shaheed
Shah Inayatullah (Sindhi: شاه عنایت اللہ; c. 1655 – 1718), popularly known as Sufi Shah Inayat Shaheed, Shah Shaheed or Shah Inayat of Jhok, was a 17th-century Sindhi Sufi saint and revolutionary from Jhok.

He was executed on the order of Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar in the early eighteenth century. Sufi Inayat was accused of leading a small army of peasants (Harees) to challenge the domination of Farrukhsiyar, local feudal landlords, and Mullahs. His mantra, “Jo Kherray so Khaey” (Sindhi: جو کيڙي سو کائي), means, "The one who plows has the foremost right on the yield." His popularity forced the feudal landlords to contact Farrukhsiyar, who ordered the ruler of northern Sindh Mian Yar Muhammad Kalhoro to uproot Inayat and his companions. A prolonged siege of Jhok resulted in an offer of negotiations from the Kalhora commander. Sufi Inayat accepted the offer to avoid further bloodshed, but was instead arrested and later executed in Thatta.,

Farrukhsiyar
Farrukhsiyar (Persian: فرخ‌سیار, Persian pronunciation: [faɾ.ˈɾux saj.ˈjɑːɾ]; 20 August 1683 – 9 April 1719), also spelled as Farrukh Siyar, was the tenth Mughal Emperor from 1713 to 1719. He rose to the throne after deposing his uncle Jahandar Shah. He was an emperor only in name, with all effective power in the hands of the two courtiers, Sayyid brothers.
Åsskard Municipality
Åsskard is a former municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 149-square-kilometre (58 sq mi) municipality existed from 1895 until its dissolution in 1965. It was located in what is now the northern part of Surnadal Municipality. The former municipality of Åsskard (historically spelled Aasgaard) included the area around the Åsskardfjorden, north of the Hamnesfjorden, and east of the Trongfjorden. The administrative centre was the village of Åsskard where the Åsskard Church is located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1965, the 149-square-kilometre (58 sq mi) municipality was the 369th largest by area out of the 525 municipalities in Norway. Åsskard Municipality was the 483rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,015. The municipality's population density was 6.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (18/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 7.2% over the previous 10-year period.

Åsskardfjorden
Åsskardfjorden is a fjord in Surnadal Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The 6-kilometre (3.7 mi) long fjord is an arm off the main Trongfjorden. The village of Åsskard lies at the innermost part of the fjord. The villages of Bølandet and Settemsøran lie near the mouth of the fjord and they are connected by a bridge crossing the fjord. The outer part of the Åsskardfjorden is known as the Bøfjorden. The fjord was historically located in the central part of the old Åsskard Municipality.
Sharon Claydon
Sharon Catherine Claydon (born 26 April 1964) is an Australian politician serving as the 33rd Deputy Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives since 2022. A member of the Labor Party, she represents the New South Wales Division of Newcastle in the Australian House of Representatives since the 2013 election.

Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives
The speaker of the Australian House of Representatives is the presiding officer of the Australian House of Representatives, the lower house of the Parliament of Australia. The counterpart in the upper house is the president of the Senate. The office of the speakership was established in 1901 by section 35 of the Constitution of Australia. The primary responsibilities of the office is to oversee house debates, determine which members may speak, maintain order and the parliamentary and ministerial codes of conduct during sessions and uphold all rules and standing orders. The current speaker of the House of Representatives is Milton Dick, who was elected on 26 July 2022.
Hotter than Hell (album)
Hotter than Hell is the second studio album by American hard rock band Kiss, released on October 22, 1974, by Casablanca Records. It was certified gold on June 23, 1977, having shipped 500,000 copies. The album was re-released in 1997 in a remastered version. It peaked on the Billboard 200 charts at No. 100, without the benefit of a hit single. Many of the album's songs were live staples for the band, including "Parasite", "Hotter than Hell", "Let Me Go, Rock 'n' Roll", and "Watchin' You".

Casablanca Records
Casablanca Records is an American record label owned by Universal Music Group and operated under Republic Records. Under its founder Neil Bogart, Casablanca was most successful during the disco era of the mid to late 1970s. The label focuses on dance and electronic music under the direction of Brett Alperowitz.
Isla del Frío
Isla del Frío (Spanish for 'cold island') is a small uninhabited island off the southern central coast of the main island of Puerto Rico.  Together with Caja de Muertos, Gatas, Morrillito, Ratones, Cardona, and Isla de Jueyes, Isla del Frío is one of seven islands ascribed to the municipality of Ponce.  Like Isla de Jueyes, the island is considered part of barrio Vayas.

Isla de Jueyes
Isla de Jueyes are a group of three small uninhabited islands off the southern coast of Puerto Rico.   Together with Caja de Muertos, Gatas, Morrillito, Ratones, Cardona, and Isla del Frío, Isla de Jueyes is one of seven islands ascribed to the municipality of Ponce. At an area of just 2.89 cuerdas, they are also the smallest of these seven islands. Like Isla del Frío, the islands are considered part of barrio Vayas.
Hornussen, Aargau
Hornussen is a former municipality in the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. On 1 January 2022 the former municipalities of Bözen, Effingen, Elfingen and Hornussen merged into the new municipality of Böztal.

Elfingen
Elfingen is a former municipality in the district of Laufenberg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland. On 1 January 2022 the former municipalities of Bözen, Effingen, Elfingen and Hornussen merged into the new municipality of Böztal.
Charles J. Chaput
Charles Joseph Chaput, OFMCap (/ˈʃæpjuː/ SHAP-yoo; born September 26, 1944) is an American Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Philadelphia from 2011 to 2020. He previously served as Archbishop of Denver (1997–2011) and Bishop of Rapid City (1988–1997). He was the first Archbishop of Philadelphia in 100 years who was not named a cardinal. Chaput is a professed Capuchin Franciscan, a member of the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation in Kansas, the second Native American Catholic bishop, and the first such archbishop.

Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation
Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation (Potawatomi: Mshkodéniwek, formerly the Prairie Band of Potawatomi Indians) is a federally recognized tribe of Neshnabé (Potawatomi people), headquartered near Mayetta, Kansas.
Marie Lu
Marie Lu (born 11 July 1984; born Xiwei Lu, Chinese: 陸希未code: zho promoted to code: zh ) is an American young adult science fiction and fantasy author. She is best known for the Legend series, novels set in a dystopian and militarized future, as well as the Young Elites series, the Warcross series, and Batman: Nightwalker in the DC Icons series.

Legend (Lu novel)
Legend is a 2011 dystopian young adult romance novel written by American author Marie Lu. It is the first book in the Legend series followed by Prodigy, Champion, and Rebel. Lu draws inspiration from events and experiences throughout her life and media she has consumed such as the movie Les Miserables.
Ray Fisher (actor)
Ray Fisher (born September 8, 1987) is an American actor. He is known for his portrayal of the superhero Victor Stone / Cyborg in the DC Extended Universe media franchise, including in Justice League (2017). In television, he played roles in the third season of the crime drama series True Detective in 2019 and the limited series Women of the Movement in 2022. He made his Broadway debut in the 2022 revival of the play The Piano Lesson and has also starred in its 2024 film adaptation.

The Piano Lesson (2024 film)
The Piano Lesson is a 2024 American drama film directed by Malcolm Washington, who co-wrote the screenplay with Virgil Williams. It is an adaptation of the 1987 Pulitzer Prize-winning play by August Wilson. It stars an ensemble cast of Samuel L. Jackson, John David Washington, Ray Fisher, Michael Potts, Erykah Badu, Skylar Aleece Smith, Danielle Deadwyler, and Corey Hawkins.

The Piano Lesson premiered at the 51st Telluride Film Festival on August 31, 2024, and it was released in select theaters in the United States on November 8, 2024, before streaming on Netflix on November 22.

The film received generally positive reviews from critics. Deadwyler was lauded for her performance, earning nominations for the Critics' Choice Award and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Supporting Actress.
Central South University
Central South University (CSU; 中南大学) is a public university in Changsha, Hunan, China. Funded and overseen by China's Ministry of Education, it is a member of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction initiatives.

Ministry of Education (China)
The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China is a constituent department of the State Council, responsible for basic education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational affairs throughout the country. The Ministry of Education acts as the predominant funder of national universities and colleges in China. The ministry also accredits tertiary institutions, degree curriculum, and school teachers of the country.

The Ministry of Education currently has 19 internal departments and bureaus. As of 2022, there were 75 colleges and universities affiliated with the Ministry of Education.
Kendall Gender
Kendall Gender is the stage name of Kenneth Wyse (born July 16, 1990), a Canadian drag performer most known for competing on the second season of Canada's Drag Race in 2021. She returned to compete in the first season of Canada's Drag Race: Canada vs. the World in 2022.

Canada's Drag Race season 2
The second season of Canada's Drag Race premiered on October 14, and concluded on December 16, 2021. The season aired on Crave in Canada and WOW Presents Plus internationally.

Casting for the second season started early 2021 and the twelve contestants were announced on September 14, 2021.

The winner of the second season of Canada's Drag Race was Icesis Couture, with Kendall Gender and Pythia as runners-up.
JSW MG Motor India
JSW MG Motor India Pvt Ltd, previously MG Motor India Private Limited until 2024, is an automobile manufacturer in India, which was established in 2019. Since 2023, it is a joint venture between the Mumbai-based Indian multinational conglomerate JSW Group and Shanghai-based Chinese automotive manufacturer SAIC Motor, a Chinese state owned automobile manufacturer which markets vehicles under the British MG marque.

JSW Group
JSW Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate, based in Mumbai. It is led by Sajjan Jindal and founded by Om Prakash Jindal. The group's diverse businesses include steel, energy, infrastructure, cement, automotive and paints, across India, the United States, South America, and Africa.
Hüsülü, Lachin
Husulu (Azerbaijani: Hüsülü), historically also known as Kashataghk (Armenian: Քաշաթաղք) is a village in the Lachin District of Azerbaijan, located close to the villages of Malıbəy (Melikashen), Qarıqışlaq (Tandzut) and Ağoğlan. Kashataghk/Husulu is known for being the first capital of the Armenian Meliktom of Kashatagh.

Armenian monuments such as the Tsitsernavank Monastery from between the 5th and 7th centuries, and the 15th-century Melik Haykaz Palace are located near the village.

Melikdom of Kashatagh
The Melikdom of Kashatagh (Armenian: Քաշաթաղի մելիքություն) was an Armenian melikdom (principality) which existed in the 15th–18th centuries. It was located along the Hakari River, on the southeastern section of the modern border of Armenia and Azerbaijan. The residences of the meliks were located in the villages of Kashataghk and Khnatsakh, in the west of the present Lachin District of Azerbaijan and the east of the present Syunik region of Armenia respectively.
Litter boxes in schools hoax
The litter boxes in schools hoax was an urban legend spread in 2021 and 2022 that schools were installing litter boxes in bathrooms to be used by students who "identify as cats" or with the furry or otherkin subculture. Various right-wing and anti-LGBTQ sources circulated these claims as part of a moral panic against school accommodations for transgender youth, such as unisex toilets. Ahead of the 2022 US elections, the hoax was promoted by Republican politicians Marjorie Taylor Greene, Lauren Boebert, Scott Jensen, Heidi Ganahl, Don Bolduc, and media personalities Joe Rogan, Chaya Raichik, and Bill Cunningham. Parents of school-aged children also circulated the rumors on social media apps like Facebook.

Different iterations named dozens of different schools and districts throughout the US and Canada. Officials have routinely debunked such claims, and there is no evidence that any school has ever held such a policy.

FURRIES Act
The FURRIES Act (full name: Forbidding Unlawful Representation of Roleplaying in Education Act) was a proposed bill in Texas that sought to ban animal-like behavior, costumes and roleplaying in schools. The name "FURRIES" was a backronym referencing members of the furry fandom, although the bill would also have affected the unrelated otherkin subculture. The bill failed to pass committee in the 89th Texas Legislature.
Güshi Khan
Güshi Khan (1582 – 14 January 1655) was a Khoshut prince and founder of the Khoshut Khanate, who supplanted the Tumed descendants of Altan Khan as the main benefactor of the Dalai Lama and the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. In 1637, Güshi Khan defeated a rival Mongol prince Choghtu Khong Tayiji, a Kagyu follower, near Qinghai Lake and established his khanate in Tibet over the next years. His military assistance to the Gelug school enabled the 5th Dalai Lama to establish political control over Tibet.

Qinghai Lake
Qinghai Lake   is the largest lake in China. Located in an endorheic basin in Qinghai Province, to which it gave its name, Qinghai Lake is classified as an alkaline salt lake. The lake has fluctuated in size, shrinking over much of the 20th century but increasing since 2004. It had a surface area of 4,317 km2 (1,667 sq mi), an average depth of 21 m (69 ft), and a maximum depth of 25.5 m (84 ft) in 2008.
Birney
A Birney or Birney Safety Car is a type of streetcar that was manufactured in the United States in the 1910s and 1920s.  The design was small and light and was intended to be an economical means of providing frequent service at a lower infrastructure and labor cost than conventional streetcars. Production of Birney cars lasted from 1915 until 1930, and more than 6,000 of the original, single-truck version were built. Several different manufacturers built Birney cars.  The design was "the first mass-produced standard streetcar (albeit with minor variations)" in North America.

Peter Witt streetcar
The Peter Witt streetcar was introduced by Cleveland Railway commissioner Peter Witt (1869–1948) who led the transit agency from 1911 to 1915 and designed a model of streetcar known by his name that was used in many North American cities, most notably in Toronto, Buffalo, and Cleveland.
First Government House, Sydney
The First Government House was the first residence for the Governors of New South Wales located at 41 Bridge Street, in the Sydney central business district in Australia. It was built from 1788 to 1789  and used until 1845, after which it was demolished in 1846. Some of the site is now occupied by the Museum of Sydney. Its construction was attributed to James Bloodsworth. It is also known as First Government House Site, Museum of Sydney and A Rum Rebellion Site (commemorating 1808 Rum Rebellion). It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 10 December 1999; and on 19 August 2005 the site was listed on the National Heritage List.

Government House, Sydney
Government House is the heritage-listed vice-regal residence of the governor of New South Wales. It is located on Conservatorium Road in the Sydney central business district, adjacent to the Royal Botanic Garden, and is situated south of the Sydney Opera House, overlooking Sydney Harbour. Constructed between 1837 and 1843, the property has been the primary vice-regal residence of the Governor since Sir George Gipps, except for two brief periods; the first between 1901 and 1914, when the property was leased to the Commonwealth of Australia as the residence of the Governor-General of Australia, and the second from 1996 to 2011.

The property was returned as the Governor's residence in October 2011 and was managed by the Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales from March 1996 to December 2013. Completed in 1847 and constructed in the Gothic revival style, the building is listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register.
Stationary wavelet transform
The stationary wavelet transform (SWT) is a wavelet transform algorithm designed to overcome the lack of translation-invariance of the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Translation-invariance is achieved by removing the downsamplers and upsamplers in the DWT and upsampling the filter coefficients by a factor of  in the th level of the algorithm. The SWT is an inherently redundant scheme as the output of each level of SWT contains the same number of samples as the input – so for a decomposition of N levels there is a redundancy of N in the wavelet coefficients. This algorithm is more famously known by the French expression à trous, meaning “with holes”, which refers to inserting zeros in the filters. It was introduced by Holschneider et al.

Wavelet transform
In mathematics, a wavelet series is a representation of a square-integrable (real- or complex-valued) function by a certain orthonormal series generated by a wavelet. This article provides a formal, mathematical definition of an orthonormal wavelet and of the integral wavelet transform.
Metro (1997 film)
Metro is a 1997 American action thriller film directed by Thomas Carter, written by Randy Feldman, and produced by Roger Birnbaum. It stars Eddie Murphy, Michael Rapaport, Carmen Ejogo and Michael Wincott. The plot follows Scott Roper (Murphy), a hostage negotiator and inspector for the San Francisco Police Department who seeks revenge against a psychotic jewel thief, Michael Korda (Wincott), who murdered Roper's best friend. Metro was produced by Touchstone Pictures, Caravan Pictures and Roger Birnbaum Productions and released on January 17, 1997 by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution in the United States and grossed $74 million worldwide against a $55 million budget despite negative reviews.

San Francisco Police Department
The San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) is the municipal law enforcement agency of the City and County of San Francisco, as well as San Francisco International Airport in San Mateo County. In 2000, the SFPD was the 11th largest police department in the United States.

The SFPD (along with the San Francisco Fire Department and the San Francisco Sheriff's Department) serves an estimated population of 1.2 million, including the daytime-commuter population and thousands of other tourists and visitors.

The department's motto is the same as that of the city and county: Oro en paz, fierro en guerra, Spanish for Gold in peace, iron in war.
Bombay Talkies
Bombay Talkies was a movie studio founded in 1934. During its period of operation, Bombay Talkies produced 40 movies in Malad, a suburb of the Indian city of Bombay.

The studio was established in 1934 by Himanshu Rai, Niranjan Pal (son of Bipin Chandra Pal) and Devika Rani. After Rai's death in 1940, Rani took over the studio. Besides the founders, Ashok Kumar was the leading actor of the studio until 1943, when he founded another studio, Filmistan, with Shashadhar Mukherjee. After Rani's retirement, Kumar and Mukherjee took over Bombay Talkies. The company went out of business in 1953. A last film produced by the studio was released in June 1954.

Sashadhar Mukherjee
Sashadhar Mukherjee (29 September 1909 – 3 November 1990) was an Indian filmmaker in Hindi cinema. He started his career with Bombay Talkies in the 1930s, and later established Filmistan Studio with Rai Bahadur Chunilal (father of music director Madan Mohan), Ashok Kumar and Gyan Mukherjee in 1943. In the 1950s, he went on to start his independent studio, Filmalaya. He is noted for films like Dil Deke Dekho (1959), Love in Simla (1960), Ek Musafir Ek Hasina (1962) and Leader  (1964). He is part of the distinguished Mukherjee clan of Bollywood.

He won the Filmfare Award for Best Film in 1956 for Jagriti. In 1967, he was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour by the Government of India.