hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cepaea nemoralis
Cepaea nemoralis, the grove snail, brown-lipped snail or lemon snail, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc. Cepaea nemoralis is the type species of the genus Cepaea.

The species is one of the most common large land snails in Europe and has been introduced to North America. It is used as a model organism in ecological genetics, including in citizen science projects.

Cepaea
Cepaea is a genus of large air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Helicidae. The shells are often brightly coloured and patterned with brown stripes. The two living species in this genus, C. nemoralis and C. hortensis, are widespread and common in Western and Central Europe. In North America, C. hortensis is native on the northeast coast, but both species have been introduced elsewhere, and they are also spreading further east in Europe. Both have been influential model species for ongoing studies of genetics and natural selection. Like many Helicidae, these snails use love darts during mating.
Washington State Route 507
State Route 507 (SR 507) is a Washington state highway in Lewis, Thurston and Pierce counties that extends 43.52 miles (70.04 km) from Interstate 5 (I-5) and U.S. Route 12 (US 12) in Centralia to SR 7 in Spanaway. The highway also intersects SR 510 in Yelm and SR 702 in McKenna. The first appearance of the roadway on a map was in 1916 and since, two highways, Secondary State Highway 5H (SSH 5H) and SSH 1N, were established on the current route of SR 507 in 1937 and 1943. They both became SR 507 during the 1964 highway renumbering.

Thurston County, Washington
Thurston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 294,793. The county seat is Olympia, the state capital.

Thurston County was created out of Lewis County by the government of Oregon Territory on January 12, 1852. At that time, it covered all of the Puget Sound region and the Olympic Peninsula. On December 22 of the same year, Pierce, King, Island, and Jefferson counties were split off from Thurston County. It is named after Samuel R. Thurston, the Oregon Territory's first delegate to Congress. Today, the county includes the southernmost part of the South Puget Sound and areas south along the I-5 corridor.

Thurston County comprises the Olympia–Lacey–Tumwater, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Seattle–Tacoma, WA Combined Statistical Area.
Canterbury Heritage Museum
The Canterbury Heritage Museum (formerly the Museum of Canterbury) was a museum in Stour Street, Canterbury, South East England, telling the history of the city. It was housed in the 12th-century Poor Priests' Hospital next to the River Stour. The museum exhibited the Canterbury Cross and contained a gallery dedicated to Rupert the Bear, whose creator Mary Tourtel lived in Canterbury. It held regular events and exhibitions of local and national interest. The museum closed in 2018. It has since re-opened as The Marlowe Kit; an escape room, exhibition and creative space.

Beaney House of Art and Knowledge
The Beaney House of Art and Knowledge is the central museum, library and art gallery of the city of Canterbury, Kent, England. It is housed in a Grade II listed building. The building, museum and art gallery are owned and managed by Canterbury City Council; Kent County Council is the library authority. These authorities work in partnership with stakeholders and funders.
Copyright Act of 1909
The Copyright Act of 1909 (Pub. L. 60–349, 35 Stat. 1075, enacted March 4, 1909) was a landmark statute in United States copyright law.  It went into effect on July 1, 1909. The 1909 Act was repealed and superseded by the Copyright Act of 1976, which went into effect on January 1, 1978; but some of 1909 Act's provisions continue to apply to copyrighted works created before 1978. Significantly, the Act would also demonstrate the first example of a compulsory license in US copyright law. This mechanical license procedure was created in response to case law on piano rolls, but it would also apply to phonograph records, and would become generalized to cover versions.

Copyright Act of 1976
The Copyright Act of 1976 is a United States copyright law and remains the primary basis of copyright law in the United States, as amended by several later enacted copyright provisions. The Act spells out the basic rights of copyright holders, codified the doctrine of "fair use", and for most new copyrights adopted a unitary term based on the date of the author's death rather than the prior scheme of fixed initial and renewal terms. It became Public Law number 94-553 on October 19, 1976; most parts of the law went into effect on January 1, 1978.

U.S. Register of Copyrights Barbara Ringer and Congressman Robert Kastenmeier took central roles in drafting the statute.
Palace Dog
Palace Dog was a United States Air Force covert operation to support the Royal Laotian Government in its military operations during the Laotian Civil War portion of the Vietnam War. Palace Dog, Project 404, and the Raven FACs principal task was the supply of forward air controllers for close air support to the Royal Lao Army (RLA).

Project 404
Project 404 was the code name for a covert United States Air Force advisory mission to Laos during the later years of the Second Indochina War, which would eventually become known in the United States as the Vietnam War. The purpose of the mission was to supply the line crew technicians needed to support and train the Royal Laotian Air Force, while Raven Forward Air Controllers were brought in to supply piloting expertise and guidance for running a tactical air force. The two programs together comprised Palace Dog.

Project 404 began in 1966, as a successor after the completion of Operation White Star, was narrower in scope, and was an adjunct to the various covert ground operations succeeding White Star. Because Laos was ostensibly a neutral party to the conflict between the United States and North Vietnam, the airmen did not wear United States Air Force uniforms, but instead worked in civilian clothing.
Liverpool–Wigan line
The Liverpool–Wigan line is a railway line in the north-west of England, running between Liverpool Lime Street and Wigan North Western via St Helens Central station. The line is a part of the electrified Merseyrail Liverpool to Wigan City Line. The stations, and all trains serving it, are operated by Northern Trains, however the stations are branded Merseyrail using Merseyrail ticketing.

Wigan North Western railway station
Wigan North Western is one of two railway stations that serve the town centre of Wigan, in Greater Manchester, England; the other is Wigan Wallgate, 110 yards (100 m) away. It lies on the West Coast Main Line, with services operated by Avanti West Coast, Northern Trains and TransPennine Express.

The station is suffixed North Western because it formerly belonged to the London and North Western Railway (LNWR). In 2009, it was identified as one of the ten worst category B interchange stations for mystery shopper assessment of fabric and environment and was set to receive a share of £50m funding for improvements.
Frozen Ark
The Frozen Ark is a charitable frozen zoo project created jointly by the Zoological Society of London, the Natural History Museum and University of Nottingham. The project aims to preserve the DNA and living cells of endangered species to retain the genetic knowledge for the future. The Frozen Ark collects and stores samples taken from animals in zoos and those threatened with extinction in the wild. Its current director is Michael W. Bruford (Cardiff University). The Frozen Ark was a finalist for the Saatchi & Saatchi Award for World Changing Ideas in 2006.

The project was founded by Ann Clarke, her husband Bryan Clarke and Dame Anne McLaren. Since Bryan Clarke's death in 2014, the Frozen Ark's interim director has been Mike Bruford.

Michael W. Bruford
Michael William Bruford (6 June 1963 – 13 April 2023) was a Welsh molecular ecologist, conservation biologist and a professor at Cardiff University's School of Biosciences. His area of research spanned from animal wildlife genetics to the management of captive populations and livestock breeds to animal biobanking. After earning his B.Sc. from the University of Portsmouth and his PhD from the University of Leicester, Bruford worked at the Zoological Society of London where he became Head of Conservation Genetics before joining Cardiff University as reader in 1999 and professor in 2001. In addition to his research activities at Cardiff University, he was also director of the Frozen Ark project, which seeks to preserve threatened animal species by means of cryopreservation.
Carrie Astor Wilson
Caroline Schermerhorn Astor Wilson (October 10, 1861 – September 13, 1948) was an American heiress, social leader, and prominent member of New York society. She was a member of the Astor family, the Livingston family, and the Van Cortlandt family.

Grace Vanderbilt
Grace Graham Vanderbilt (née Wilson; September 3, 1870 – January 7, 1953) was an American socialite. She was the wife of Cornelius Vanderbilt III. She was one of the last Vanderbilts to live the luxurious life of the "head of society" that her predecessors such as Alice and Alva Vanderbilt enjoyed.
Sabbath Bloody Sabbath
Sabbath Bloody Sabbath is the fifth studio album by the English heavy metal band Black Sabbath, released on 30 November 1973. It was produced by the band and recorded at Morgan Studios in London in September 1973. The writing process for the album, which began in Los Angeles, California, was initially hampered in part by the band's substance abuse and fatigue following their 1972–1973 world tour in support of their previous album, Vol. 4. The band then relocated to Clearwell Castle in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire, England, where guitarist Tony Iommi conceived the main riff of what became the album's title track and lead single.

Sabbath Bloody Sabbath (song)
"Sabbath Bloody Sabbath" is the opening title track of the English heavy metal band Black Sabbath's 1973 album of the same name.

Its main riff has been cited as "the riff that saved Black Sabbath" because Tony Iommi, who wrote most of the band's music, had been suffering from writer's block. They resorted to drastic measures (including renting out the supposedly haunted Clearwell Castle to live in) to inspire him.

The song has been singled out for praise by hard rock and heavy metal guitar players, with Slash from Guns N' Roses stating to Guitar World in 2008: "The outro to 'Sabbath Bloody Sabbath' is the heaviest shit I have ever heard in my life. To this day, I haven't heard anything as heavy that has as much soul." Brent Hinds, former Mastodon guitarist, told Nick Bowcott in 2008, "The 'dreams turn to nightmares, Heaven turns to Hell' riff at the end of that song is unbeatable."
The Great Fire (Murphy novel)
The Great Fire is a story for children and young adults, written by Jim Murphy about the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, which caused the destruction of most of the city of Chicago. The Great Fire was a Newbery Medal honor book in 1996.

Great Chicago Fire
The Great Chicago Fire was a conflagration that burned in the American city of Chicago, Illinois, during October 8–10, 1871. The fire killed approximately 300 people, destroyed 17,000 structures across roughly 3.3 square miles (9 km2), and left more than 100,000 residents homeless. The fire began in a neighborhood southwest of the city center. A long period of hot, dry, windy conditions, and the wooden construction prevalent in the city, led to the conflagration spreading quickly. The fire leapt the south branch of the Chicago River and destroyed much of central Chicago and then crossed the main stem of the river, consuming the Near North Side.

Help flowed to the city from near and far after the fire. The city government improved building codes to stop the rapid spread of future fires and rebuilt rapidly to those higher standards. A donation from the United Kingdom spurred the establishment of the Chicago Public Library.
Sky Link (Russia)
Skylink (Russian: Скайлинк) is a mobile LTE 450 MHz (formerly CDMA-450 MHz) operator in Russia. Licensed territories of SkyLink include 76 entities of Russia, CDMA-450 and UMTS-1900/2100 licenses in 65 regions, CDMA-450/2000 licenses in 3 regions, GSM-1800 licenses in 45 regions and a GSM-900 license in 1.

T2 (telecommunications company)
t2 (formerly Tele2 Russia) is the third largest telecommunications company in Russia, originally founded by Swedish Tele2. Since 2020, Tele2 Russia is a wholly owned subsidiary of Rostelecom. As of Q3 2024, t2 provides wireless services to more than 48 million subscribers.

As of March 2025, T2 is present in 70 subjects of Russia. t2 Russia functions as a group of companies, and the parent structure of the holding is named Limited Liability Company "T2 RTK Holding" with the headquarters in Moscow.
Munakata Sanix Blues
Munakata Sanix Blues (宗像サニックスブルース, Munakata Sanikkusu Burūsu), formerly Fukuoka Sanix Blues and Fukuoka Sanix Bombs,  was a Japanese rugby union team based in Munakata, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. Founded in April 1994 (Heisei 6), the team rose rapidly through the Kyūshū leagues and was in the Top League for the first season (2003-4) as Kyūshū's sole representative, but lost a relegation battle with Kintetsu Liners 42-45 and was demoted. But Sanix managed to return to the Top League for the 2005-6 season, beating Secom Rugguts and Toyota Jido Shokki in the Top League Challenge Series 2005.

In March 2022, Sanix Inc., the operators of the club, announced the disbandment of the team following the conclusion of the 2022 Japan Rugby League One season.

Munakata, Fukuoka
Munakata (宗像市, Munakata-shi) is a city in Japan, located in Fukuoka Prefecture. As of 31 March 2024, the city had an estimated population of 96,786 in 44884 households, and a population density of 810 persons per km². The total area of the city is 119.94 km2 (46.31 sq mi).
Archuleta County, Colorado
Archuleta County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,359.  The county seat and the only incorporated municipality in the county is Pagosa Springs.

Conejos County, Colorado
Conejos County (Spanish for "rabbits") is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,461. The county seat is the unincorporated community of Conejos. Being 50.7% Hispanic in 2020, Conejos was Colorado's largest Hispanic-majority county.
British Naturism
British Naturism (until 2009, Central Council for British Naturism) is a members organisation with both individual and organisation members. It promotes the philosophy and practice of naturism in the United Kingdom, and it is recognised by the International Naturist Federation as the official national naturist organisation in that country.

International Naturist Federation
The International Naturist Federation (INF), also known as Fédération Naturiste Internationale (FNI) and Internationale Naturisten Föderation (INF), is the global umbrella organisation representing official national naturist societies or associations.
Central Military Band of the Korean People's Army
The Central Military Band of the Korean People's Army (Korean: 조선인민군군악단), also sometimes known as the Korean People's Army Marching Band or DPRK Army Orchestra is a North Korean musical group/marching band based in Pyongyang and is the sole military band of the Korean People's Army. The Women's Military Marching Band of the Ministry of People's Security of the DPRK is the all-female unit of the central band.

Korean People's Army
The Korean People's Army (KPA; Korean: 조선인민군; MR: Chosŏn inmin'gun) encompasses the combined military forces of North Korea and the armed wing of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK). The KPA consists of five branches: the Ground Force, the Naval Force, the Air Force, the Strategic Force, and the Special Operations Forces. It is commanded by the WPK Central Military Commission, which is chaired by the WPK general secretary, and the president of the State Affairs; both posts are currently headed by Kim Jong Un.

The KPA considers its primary adversaries to be the Republic of Korea Armed Forces and United States Forces Korea, across the Korean Demilitarized Zone, as it has since the Armistice Agreement of July 1953. As of 2021 it is the second largest military organisation in the world, with 29.9% of the North Korean population actively serving, in reserve or in a paramilitary capacity.
Israel lobby in the United Kingdom
The Israel lobby in the United Kingdom comprises individuals and groups seeking to influence British foreign policy in favour of the State of Israel, bilateral ties with it, Zionism or the policies of the Israeli government. As any lobby, such individuals and groups may seek to influence politicians and political parties, the media, the general public or specific groups or sectors.

The Lobby (TV series)
The Lobby is a series of documentaries produced by Al Jazeera that investigate the influence of the Israel lobby in the United Kingdom and in the United States and their relationship to the BDS movement.
Tin Ching Estate
Tin Ching Estate (Chinese: 天晴邨) is a public housing estate in Tin Shui Wai, New Territories, Hong Kong, near Light Rail Tin Yuet stop. It is divided into two phases and consists of seven residential buildings completed in 2008 and 2010 respectively.

Tin Yuet stop
Tin Yuet (Chinese: 天悅) is an MTR Light Rail stop. It is located at ground level at the centre of Tin Shing Road, between Tin Yuet Estate and Tin Ching Estate, in Tin Shui Wai, Yuen Long District. It began service on 7 December 2003 and belongs to Zone 5A. It serves Tin Yuet Estate and Tin Ching Estate.
Hammer (firearms)
The hammer is a part of a firearm that is used to strike the percussion cap/primer, or a separate firing pin, to ignite the propellant and fire the projectile. It is so called because it resembles a hammer in both form and function. The hammer itself is a metal piece that forcefully rotates about a pivot point.

The term tumbler can refer to a part of the hammer or a part mechanically attached to the pivot-point of the hammer, depending on the particular firearm under discussion (see half-cock). According to one source the term tumbler is synonymous with hammer.

Percussion cap
The percussion cap, percussion primer, or caplock, introduced in the early 1820s, is a type of single-use percussion ignition device for muzzle loader firearm locks enabling them to fire reliably in any weather condition. Its invention gave rise to the caplock mechanism or percussion lock system which used percussion caps struck by the hammer to set off the gunpowder charge in  rifles and cap and ball firearms. Any firearm using a caplock mechanism is a percussion gun. Any long gun with a cap-lock mechanism and rifled barrel is a percussion rifle. Cap and ball describes cap-lock firearms discharging a single bore-diameter spherical bullet with each shot.
The Mark Steel Solution
The Mark Steel Solution is a series of scripted radio lectures by Mark Steel made for broadcast on BBC Radio. The show began in 1992. Each episode presents persuasive, yet witty, arguments for a seemingly bizarre solution to a contemporary social problem by highlighting the flaws in the present system. The show's original slogan was "Give me thirty minutes and I’ll convince you of anything!"

The first series was broadcast on BBC Radio 5, before three series were broadcast on BBC Radio 4. As of 2024, old episodes are broadcast on Radio 4 Extra. Many of the arguments are illustrated by miniature sketches, featuring Mark Steel, Pete Sinclair, Maria McErlane, and Kim Wall. It was produced by Phil Clark, and was written by Mark Steel and Pete Sinclair.

Mark Steel
Mark Steel (born 4 July 1960) is an English author, broadcaster, stand-up comedian and newspaper columnist. He has made many appearances on radio and television shows as a guest panellist, and has written regular columns in The Guardian, The Independent and Daily Mirror. He presents The Mark Steel Lectures, The Mark Steel Solution, Mark Steel's in Town and the podcast What the Fuck Is Going On?
2012–13 Hong Kong season play-off
Hong Kong season play-off for the 2012–13 football season was held in May 2013. All matches took place at Mong Kok Stadium in Mong Kok, Kowloon.

The play-off semi-finals are played in one match each, contested by the teams who finished in 2nd and 3rd place in the First Division League table, the winners of the Senior Challenge Shield and the champions of the FA Cup. The winners of the semi-finals go through to the finals, with the winner of the final gaining participation for the 2014 AFC Cup group stage.

2012–13 Hong Kong FA Cup
The 2012–13 Hong Kong FA Cup was the 39th season of Hong Kong FA Cup. It was a knockout competition for all the teams of the 2012–13 Hong Kong First Division League. Starting from this season, the format changed into a two-legged home-and-away ties competition. The winner guaranteed a place in the 2013 Hong Kong AFC Cup play-offs.
Tim Groser
Timothy John Groser (born 6 March 1950) is a New Zealand former politician and diplomat. A member of the New Zealand National Party, Groser was a Member of Parliament between 2005 and 2015. He held the offices of Minister of Trade, Minister of Conservation, and Minister for Climate Change in the Fifth National Government.

Previously, Groser was a diplomat with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade and served as New Zealand's ambassador to the World Trade Organization from 2002 to 2005 and ambassador to Indonesia from 1994 to 1997. He resigned from Parliament on 19 December 2015 to take up the role of New Zealand's ambassador to the United States of America, which he held from January 2016 until August 2018, when he retired.

Minister of Climate Change
The Minister of Climate Change is a minister in the New Zealand Government with responsibility for climate change policy. The position was formally established in 2005 as Minister responsible for Climate Change Issues, but was preceded by the informal role of Convenor of the Ministerial Group on Climate Change, which was held by the Minister of Energy Pete Hodgson.

The present Minister is Simon Watts.
William Little (Lord Provost)
William Little (or Littil) of Liberton (1525–1601) was a 16th-century Scottish merchant and landowner who served as Lord Provost of Edinburgh 1586/87 and 1591/92. He was one of the founders of Edinburgh University.

Sir John Arnot
John Arnot of Birswick (Orkney) (1530–1616) was a 16th-century Scottish merchant and landowner who served as Lord Provost of Edinburgh from 1587 to 1591 and from 1608 to death. He was Deputy Treasurer to King James VI.
Wilson, New York
Wilson is a town in Niagara County, New York, United States. The population was 5,993 at the 2010 census. The town was named after an early settler, Reuben Wilson, who built and dwelt in a log cabin on the shore of Lake Ontario at the site of what would become the Village of Wilson.

The Town of Wilson is on the northern border of the county and contains a village, also called Wilson.

Porter, New York
Porter is a town in Niagara County, New York, United States.  The population was 6,771 at the 2010 census.  The town was named after Judge Augustus Porter.

The Town of Porter lies in the northwest corner of Niagara County and is north of the City of Niagara Falls.