hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Seventeenth of Tammuz
The Seventeenth of Tammuz (Biblical Hebrew: שִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר בְּתַמּוּז‎, Modern: Shiv'á Asár beTammúz, Tiberian (SBL): Šib̲ʿāʿāśār bəṯammuz) is a Jewish fast day commemorating the breach of the walls of Jerusalem before the destruction of the Second Temple. It falls on the 17th day of the fourth Hebrew month of Tammuz and marks the beginning of The Three Weeks, a mourning period leading up to Tisha B'Av.

The day also traditionally commemorates the destruction of the two tablets of the Ten Commandments and other historical calamities that befell the Jewish people on the same date.

The Three Weeks
The Three Weeks or Bein ha-Metzarim (Hebrew: בין המצרים, "Between the Straits", cf "dire straits") is a period of mourning commemorating the destruction of the first and second Jewish Temples. The Three Weeks start on the seventeenth day of the Jewish month of Tammuz—the fast of the Seventeenth of Tammuz—and end on the ninth day of the Jewish month of Av—the fast of Tisha B'Av, which occurs exactly three weeks later. Both of these fasts commemorate events surrounding the destruction of the Jewish Temples and the subsequent exile of the Jews from the land of Israel. According to conventional chronology, the siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar II occurred in 586/7 BCE, and the second siege of Jerusalem (70) by the Romans, in 70 CE.  Jewish chronology, however, traditionally places the first destruction at about 421 BCE: see Missing years (Jewish calendar) for more information.
Gregson Lane
Gregson Lane is a village in Lancashire, England. It is situated between Bamber Bridge, Higher Walton, Coupe Green and Brindle, and is within four miles of the city of Preston.

Most of the village is in an unparished area of South Ribble borough and Ribble Valley parliamentary constituency. However, a small part of the village lies in Brindle civil parish in the Borough of Chorley and Chorley parliamentary constituency.

The village is situated in the Hoghton postal district, as the Royal Mail does not recognise it as a separate village; this postal district also includes Coupe Green and Hoghton is often called the village of two halves by residents. Despite this, it is administratively and geographically separate. The village is in the  Gregson Lane & Coupe Green ward which elects two councillors. At the May 2023 election, James Gleeson for Labour party was elected.

Coupe Green
Coupe Green or Coup Green is a village in Lancashire, England. It is located on the A675 between Higher Walton and Hoghton. The village is in the borough of South Ribble and the Ribble Valley parliamentary constituency. The village has a primary school which opened in 1975, one pub () and a few shops including a hairdresser and a Texaco petrol station.

The village is situated in the Hoghton postal district as Royal Mail does not recognise it as a separate village, this postal district also includes Gregson Lane and Hoghton is often called the village of two halves by residents. Despite this, it is administratively and geographically separate. The village is in the Coupe Green & Gregson Lane ward which elects two councillors, At the May 2023 election, two councillors were elected, one from the Labour party, James Gleeson and one Independent, Matthew Forshaw.
Schwein
Schwein (German for pig as well as pork) is a music group comprising members of Buck-Tick, KMFDM, and Pig. Members Raymond Watts (PIG; vocals, programming, guitar) and Hisashi Imai (Buck-Tick; guitar and noise), both having worked together in Schaft, were joined by Atsushi Sakurai (Buck-Tick; vocals), Sascha Konietzko (KMFDM; vocals and programming) and Lucia Cifarelli (KMFDM; vocals).

In 2001 Schwein released an album, Schweinstein, which peaked at number 18 on Oricon's album chart, followed by the remix album Son of Schweinstein. Schwein toured Japan in the summer of 2001. However, Konietzko did not tour with them, citing illness and a desire to focus on KMFDM. In an extensive 2023 interview for Visual Music Japan (VMJ) with Mandah Frénot, Raymond Watts talked about the project and cited Schwein as his favorite collaboration to date and called Sakurai a "grand vocalist".

Pig (musical project)
Raymond Watts (also known by his former stage names Nainz, Nainz Watts and Ray Scaballero) is an English musician, the founding and sole member of the industrial music project PIG, sometimes written as <PIG>.

Watts was a founding member and periodic collaborator of KMFDM, and has been a visible part of the industrial music scene since the early 1980s. He has toured with KMFDM, Nine Inch Nails, Schaft, Schwein, and Einstürzende Neubauten.
Joe Polisena
Joseph M. Polisena (born June 27, 1954) is an American politician from Rhode Island. He served in the Rhode Island Senate from 1993 to 1999 and again from 2001 to 2007. He served as mayor of the Town of Johnston from 2007 until he was succeeded by his son, Joseph Polisena Jr., in 2023. He is a Democrat.

Joseph Polisena Jr.
Joseph M. Polisena Jr. (born 1989/1990) is an American attorney and politician who is serving as the mayor of Johnston, Rhode Island. The son of former state senator and Johnston mayor Joe Polisena, he succeeded his father as mayor in 2023. He is a member of the Democratic Party and previously served on the town council beginning in 2019.
Bobby Fish
Robert Anthony Fish (born October 27, 1976) is an American professional wrestler. He is signed to Major League Wrestling (MLW). He is best known for his tenure with WWE, where he performed on the NXT brand and was a member of The Undisputed Era.

In WWE, he is a former two-time NXT Tag Team Champion alongside his tag team partner Kyle O'Reilly. He is also known for his time with All Elite Wrestling (AEW) from 2021 to 2022 and Ring of Honor (ROH) from 2014 to 2017, where he wrestled as one-half of the tag team reDRagon (also with O'Reilly) and held the ROH World Tag Team Championship three times and the ROH World Television Championship once. He made appearances in Japan, both for Pro Wrestling Noah and for New Japan Pro-Wrestling, where he held the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship twice.

Kyle O'Reilly
Kyle Richard Thomas Greenwood (born March 1, 1987), better known by his ring name Kyle O'Reilly, is a Canadian professional wrestler. He is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW), where he is a member of The Paragon and The Conglomeration. He is also known for working in Ring of Honor (ROH) from 2009 to 2017, and WWE (where he performed on their NXT brand) from 2017 to 2021, using the same ring name in both companies. He is a three-time NXT Tag Team Champion, and was a founding member of The Undisputed Era.

He also worked for New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) and competed for several independent professional wrestling promotion, most notably Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG). In ROH, he is a one-time ROH World Champion and three-time ROH World Tag Team Champion alongside Bobby Fish as reDRagon. In PWG he is a one-time PWG World Champion and the winner of the promotion's 2013 Battle of Los Angeles. After his WWE contract expired, Greenwood signed with AEW in December 2021.
Qasim al-Raymi
Qasim Muhammad Mahdi al-Raymi (Arabic: قاسم محمد مهدي الريمي; 5 June 1978 – 29 January 2020) was a Yemeni militant who was the emir of al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP). Al-Raymi was one of 23 men who escaped in the 3 February 2006 prison-break in Yemen, along with other notable al-Qaeda members. Al-Raymi was connected to a July 2007 suicide bombing that killed eight Spanish tourists. In 2009, the Yemeni government accused him of being responsible for the running of an al-Qaeda training camp in Abyan province. After operating as AQAP's military commander, al-Raymi was promoted to leader after the death of Nasir al-Wuhayshi on 12 June 2015.

Nasir al-Wuhayshi
Nasir Abdel Karim al-Wuhayshi (Arabic: ناصر عبد الكريم الوحيشي  Nāṣir ʿAbdul-Karīm al-Waḥīshī; also transliterated as Naser al-Wahishi, Nasser al-Wuhayshi) alias Abu Basir, (1 October 1976 – 12 June 2015) was a Yemeni Islamist, who served as the leader of al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP). Both Saudi Arabia and Yemen considered al-Wuhayshi to be among their most wanted fugitives. In  October 2014, the US State Department increased the reward for any information leading to the capture or killing of al-Wuhayshi to US$10 million, the same as ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. Wuhayshi was killed in a US drone strike in Hadhramaut Governorate of Yemen on 12 June 2015.
Paul Maritz
Paul Alistair Maritz (born March 16, 1955) is a computer scientist and software executive. He held positions at Microsoft and EMC Corporation. In October 2021, Maritz was named as the chairman of the board of directors for Acronis. He also is chairman of Pivotal Software.

Pivotal Software
Pivotal Software, Inc. was an American multinational software and services company based in San Francisco that provided cloud platform hosting and consulting services. Since November 2023, Pivotal has been part of Broadcom.
Nancy School
The Nancy School was a French hypnosis-centered school of psychotherapy. The origins of the thoughts were brought about by Ambroise-Auguste Liébeault in 1866, in Nancy, France.  Through his publications and therapy sessions he was able to gain the attention/support from Hippolyte Bernheim: another Nancy physician that further evolved Liébeault's thoughts and practices to form what is known as the Nancy School.

It is referred to as the Nancy School to distinguish it from the antagonistic "Paris School" that was centred on the hysteria-centred hypnotic research of Jean-Martin Charcot at the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris.

Jean-Martin Charcot
Jean-Martin Charcot (French: [ʒɑ̃ maʁtɛ̃ ʃaʁko]; 29 November 1825 – 16 August 1893) was a French neurologist and professor of anatomical pathology. He worked on groundbreaking work about hypnosis and hysteria, in particular with his hysteria patient Louise Augustine Gleizes. Charcot is known as "the founder of modern neurology", and his name has been associated with at least 15 medical eponyms, including various conditions sometimes referred to as Charcot diseases.

Charcot has been referred to as "the father of French neurology and one of the world's pioneers of neurology". His work greatly influenced the developing fields of neurology and psychology; modern psychiatry owes much to the work of Charcot and his direct followers. He was the "foremost neurologist of late nineteenth-century France" and has been called "the Napoleon of the neuroses".
Soyuz 37
Soyuz 37 (Russian: Союз 37, Union 37) was a 1980 Soviet crewed space flight to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the 13th mission to and 11th successful docking at the orbiting facility. The Soyuz 37 crew were the third to visit the long-duration Soyuz 35 resident crew.

Soyuz 37 carried Soviet Viktor Gorbatko and Pham Tuan, the first Asian and first Vietnamese cosmonaut, into space. They swapped Soyuz craft with the long-duration crew and returned to Earth in Soyuz 36, the resident crew later used their craft to return to Earth.

Soyuz 36
Soyuz 36 (Russian: Союз 36, Union 36) was a 1980 Soviet crewed space flight to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the 11th mission to and ninth successful docking at the orbiting facility. The Soyuz 36 crew were the first to visit the long-duration Soyuz 35 resident crew.

Soyuz 36 carried Valery Kubasov and Bertalan Farkas, the first Hungarian cosmonaut, into space. They swapped Soyuz craft with the long-duration crew and returned to Earth in Soyuz 35; a later crew used their craft to return to Earth.
Crown 28
The Crown 28 is a Canadian sailboat, that was designed by naval architect C. William Lapworth in conjunction with Calgan Marine founder Al Nairne and first built in 1976.

Calgan Marine had produced several Cal Yachts designs under licence and the Crown 28 is a development of the 1974 Cal 2-27.

Cal 2-27
The Cal 2-27 is an American sailboat, that was designed by William Lapworth and first built in 1974.

The Cal 2-27 design replaced the earlier Cal 27 and was replaced in turn in the Cal Yachts line, by the Cal 3-27 in 1983.
Sulfinyl halide
Sulfinyl halide have the general formula R−S(O)−X, where X is a halogen.  They are intermediate in oxidation level between sulfenyl halides, R−S−X,  and sulfonyl halides, R−SO2−X. The best known examples are sulfinyl chlorides, thermolabile, moisture-sensitive compounds, which are useful intermediates for preparation of other sufinyl derivatives such as sulfinamides, sulfinates, sulfoxides, and thiosulfinates. Unlike the sulfur atom in sulfonyl halides and sulfenyl halides, the sulfur atom in sulfinyl halides is chiral, as shown for methanesulfinyl chloride.

Sulfenyl chloride
In organosulfur chemistry, a sulfenyl chloride is a functional group with the connectivity R−S−Cl, where R is alkyl or aryl. Sulfenyl chlorides are reactive compounds that behave as sources of RS+.  They are used in the formation of RS−N and RS−O bonds. According to IUPAC nomenclature they are named as alkyl thiohypochlorites, i.e. esters of thiohypochlorous acid.

Typically, sulfenyl halides are stabilized by electronegative substituents.  This trend is illustrated by the stability of CCl3SCl obtained by chlorination of carbon disulfide.
Jessica Tan (badminton)
Jessica Tan Wei Han OLY  (born 16 July 1993) is a Singaporean former national badminton player. Together with Terry Hee, they won their first BWF World Tour title as a duo at the 2022 India Open. Tan along with Hee also won the gold medal in the mixed doubles event at the 2022 Commonwealth Games, a first for Singapore in that discipline at the Games. Jessica Tan and her husband Terry Hee were nominated for the Straits Times Singaporean of the Year Award 2022. Terry Hee and Jessica Tan are Singapore's first local-born mixed doubles duo to qualify for the Olympics, and made their debut at the Paris Olympics 2024. On 11 April 2025, she announced her retirement from badminton due to injuries and to pursue her studies in sports management.

Terry Hee
Terry Hee Yong Kai OLY (born 6 July 1995) is a Singaporean badminton player.  In mixed doubles with Jessica Tan, Hee won his first World Tour title at the 2022 India Open. Hee together with Jessica Tan also won the gold medal in the mixed doubles event at the 2022 Commonwealth Games, a first for Singapore in that discipline at the Games. Hee and his wife, Jessica Tan, were nominated for the Straits Times Singaporean of the Year Award 2022. Terry Hee and Jessica Tan are Singapore's first local-born mixed doubles duo to qualify for the Olympics, and made their debut at the Paris Olympics 2024.
Bivio
Bivio (Romansh: Beiva, German: Stallen) is a village and former municipality in the Sursés in the district of Albula of the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2016 the former municipalities of Bivio, Cunter, Marmorera, Mulegns, Riom-Parsonz, Salouf, Savognin, Sur and Tinizong-Rona merged to form the new municipality of Surses.

Surses
Sursés (German: Oberhalbstein) is a valley, defined by the river Gelgia, and since 2016 also a municipality in the Albula Region of the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2016 the former municipalities of Bivio, Cunter, Marmorera, Mulegns, Riom-Parsonz, Salouf, Savognin, Sur and Tinizong-Rona merged to form the new municipality of Sursés.
Cytochrome c family
Cytochromes c (cyt c, c-type cytochromes) cytochromes, or heme-containing proteins, that have heme C covalently attached to the peptide backbone via one or two thioether bonds. These bonds are in most cases part of a specific Cys-X-X-Cys-His (CXXCH) binding motif, where X denotes a miscellaneous amino acid. Two thioether bonds of cysteine residues bind to the vinyl sidechains of heme, and the histidine residue coordinates one axial binding site of the heme iron. Less common binding motifs can include a single thioether linkage, a lysine or a methionine instead of the axial histidine or a CXnCH binding motif with n>2. The second axial site of the iron can be coordinated by amino acids of the protein, substrate molecules or water. Cytochromes c possess a wide range of properties and function as electron transfer proteins or catalyse chemical reactions involving redox processes. A prominent member of this family is mitochondrial cytochrome c.

Cytochrome c
The cytochrome complex, or cyt c, is a small hemeprotein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, where it plays a critical role in cellular respiration. 
It transfers electrons between Complexes III (Coenzyme Q – Cyt c reductase) and IV (Cyt c oxidase). Cytochrome c is highly water-soluble, unlike other cytochromes. It is capable of undergoing oxidation and reduction as its iron atom converts between the ferrous and ferric forms, but does not bind oxygen.  It also plays a major role in cell apoptosis. In humans, cytochrome c is encoded by the CYCS gene.
MGE Energy
MGE Energy: MGE Energy, Inc. (Nasdaq: MGEE) is a utility holding company based in Madison, Wisconsin. Its main subsidiary, Madison Gas and Electric Co., produces and distributes electricity and distributes natural gas.

Madison Gas and Electric
Madison Gas and Electric Company (MGE) is the primary subsidiary of MGE Energy, Inc. (Nasdaq: MGEE). As a regulated utility, it primarily serves the Madison, Wisconsin metropolitan area with electricity, gas and green energy options.
Raden Ajeng Srimulat
Raden Ajeng Srimulat (1908–1968, in pre-1947 spelling Raden Adjeng Srimoelat), also known simply as Srimulat, was an Indonesian comedian, actor, singer, and founding member of the popular Srimulat comedy troupe. She was the wife of Teguh Slamet Rahardjo, one of the most famous Indonesian comedians of the postwar era.

Teguh Slamet Rahardjo
Teguh Slamet Rajardjo (1926–1996), popularly known as Teguh Srimulat, was an Indonesian comedian and actor. With his first wife Raden Ajeng Srimulat, he founded the Srimulat comedy troupe which became popular in the postwar era for its absurdist Slapstick comedy and social satire.
ParknShop
ParknShop (styled PARKnSHOP, Chinese: 百佳) is one of the two largest supermarket chains in Hong Kong, the other being Wellcome. ParknShop operates more than 200 outlets in Hong Kong, Macau and mainland China.

The first ParknShop store opened in Stanley, Hong Kong in 1973. For a decade the store remained a local retailer until the mid-1980s when it began to expand outside Hong Kong.

ParknShop is a member of the AS Watson Group, a subsidiary of CK Hutchison Holdings Limited.

Wellcome
Wellcome (Chinese: 惠康; Jyutping: wai6 hong1; pinyin: Huìkāng) is a supermarket chain owned by British conglomerate Jardine Matheson Holdings via its DFI Retail Group subsidiary. The Wellcome supermarket chain is one of the two largest supermarket chains in Hong Kong, the other being ParknShop.

DFI formerly operated supermarkets in the Philippines and Taiwan (Chinese: 頂好; pinyin: Dǐnghǎo) under the Wellcome name, and has various other supermarkets around Asia including Market Place, Cold Storage, Hero and Giant.
Refugee
A refugee, according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), is a person "forced to flee their own country and seek safety in another country. They are unable to return to their own country because of feared persecution as a result of who they are, what they believe in or say, or because of armed conflict, violence or serious public disorder." Such a person may be called an asylum seeker until granted refugee status by a contracting state or by the UNHCR if they formally make a claim for asylum.

Internally Displaced People (IDPs) are often called refugees, but they are distinguished from refugees because they have not crossed an international border, although their reasons for leaving their home may be the same as those of refugees.

Right of asylum
The right of asylum, sometimes called right of political asylum (asylum from Ancient Greek  ἄσυλον (ásulon) 'sanctuary'), is a juridical concept, under which people persecuted by their own rulers might be protected by another sovereign authority, such as a second country or another entity which in medieval times could offer sanctuary. This right was recognized by the Ancient Egyptians, the Greeks, and the Hebrews, from whom it was adopted into Western tradition. René Descartes fled to the Netherlands, Voltaire to England, and Thomas Hobbes to France, because each state offered protection to persecuted foreigners. Contemporary right of asylum is founded on the non-binding Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Valhalla: Before the War
Valhalla: Before the War is an adventure game developed and published by Vulcan Software for the Amiga in 1995. It is a prequel to the game Valhalla and the Lord of Infinity. The game is known for the in game speech and is the second ever Amiga speech adventure (the first being Lord of Infinity in 1994 and the third was the sequel Valhalla and the Fortress of Eve in 1995). Vulcan Software has later reproduced the games with updated graphics and audio, available for free download in episodic format for the PC Windows.

Valhalla and the Fortress of Eve
Valhalla and the Fortress of Eve, also known as Valhalla 3, is an adventure game developed and released by Vulcan Software in 1995 for the Amiga. It was later ported to PC Windows in 2004 and to the BlackBerry mobile in 2013. It is a sequel to 1994's Valhalla and the Lord of Infinity and 1995's Valhalla: Before the War in which the protagonist King Garamond II has to rescue the kidnapped ladies from an evil witch Eve's castle and find himself a woman of his dreams.
Diocese of Dublin and Glendalough
The United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough is a diocese of the Church of Ireland in the east of Ireland. It is headed by the Archbishop of Dublin, who is also styled the Primate of Ireland. The diocesan cathedral is Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin.

Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin
Christ Church Cathedral, more formally The Cathedral of the Holy Trinity (Irish: Ardeaglais Theampall Chríost), is the cathedral of the United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough and the cathedral of the ecclesiastical province of the United Provinces of Dublin and Cashel in the (Anglican) Church of Ireland. It is situated in Dublin, Ireland, and is the elder of the capital city's two medieval cathedrals, the other being St Patrick's Cathedral.

The cathedral was founded in the early 11th century under the Viking king Sitric Silkenbeard. It was rebuilt in stone in the late 12th century under the Norman potentate Strongbow, and considerably enlarged in the early 13th century, using Somerset stones and craftsmen. A partial collapse in the 16th century left it in poor shape and the building was extensively renovated and rebuilt in the late 19th century, giving it the form it has today, including the tower, flying buttresses, and distinctive covered footbridge.
Mirsky's theorem
In mathematics, in the areas of order theory and combinatorics, Mirsky's theorem characterizes the height of any finite partially ordered set in terms of a partition of the order into a minimum number of antichains. It is named for Leon Mirsky (1971) and is closely related to Dilworth's theorem on the widths of partial orders, to the perfection of comparability graphs, to the Gallai–Hasse–Roy–Vitaver theorem relating longest paths and colorings in graphs, and to the Erdős–Szekeres theorem on monotonic subsequences.

Dilworth's theorem
In mathematics, in the areas of order theory and combinatorics, Dilworth's theorem states that, in any finite partially ordered set, the maximum size of an antichain of incomparable elements equals the minimum number of chains needed to cover all elements. This number is called the width of the partial order. The theorem is named for the mathematician Robert P. Dilworth, who published it in 1950.

A version of the theorem for infinite partially ordered sets states that, when there exists a decomposition into finitely many chains, or when there exists a finite upper bound on the size of an antichain, the sizes of the largest antichain and of the smallest chain decomposition are again equal.