hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Warrenpoint (William Branson House)
Warrenpoint (also known as William Branson House) is an historic home located in Knauertown, Pennsylvania, in Chester County. The house was built in 1756 in the Georgian Colonial style by William Branson. Branson was recorded as Samuel Nutts partner who both owned Reading Furnace and Warwick Furnace Farms. William Branson and his Reading property are also associated with the Franklin Stove. William Branson's grandson Samuel Van Leer would play an important role in the American Revolutionary War and would take over the family business.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 11, 1975.

Reading Furnace Historic District
The Reading Furnace Historic District is a national historic district that is located in Warwick Township and East Nantmeal Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.
Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN) is a professional accountancy body in Nigeria. It is one of the two professional accountancy associations with regulatory authority in Nigeria, the other being the Association of National Accountants of Nigeria (ANAN). The relationship between the two organizations has been tense. In 2007 ICAN attempted to have a bill declaring ANAN void.

Association of National Accountants of Nigeria
The Association of National Accountants of Nigeria (ANAN) is one of the two professional accountancy associations with regulatory authority in Nigeria, the other being the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN).
A consultant offering financial services in Nigeria must be a member of either ANAN or ICAN.
Fränk Schleck
Fränk René Schleck (born 15 April 1980) is a Luxembourgish former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2003 and 2016, for Team Saxo Bank and Trek–Segafredo. Schleck is the older brother of Andy, winner of the 2010 Tour de France. Their father, Johny Schleck, was a professional road bicycle racer between 1965 and 1974, as was their grandfather, Gustave Schleck, who contested events in the 1930s.

Schleck's greatest achievements include five national road race championships, winning the Queen stage of the 2006 Tour de France, which finished on the Alpe d'Huez, the 2006 edition of the Amstel Gold Race classic, and an alpine stage of the 2009 Tour de France, finishing in the sole company of his brother Andy and Alberto Contador. On 30 January 2013, Schleck was suspended for 12 months following a positive test for xipamide at the 2012 Tour de France. The ban, backdated to the date of the positive test, expired on 13 July 2013.

Andy Schleck
Andy Raymond Schleck (pronounced [ˈɑndi ˈʀɑɪ̯mont ˈʃlæk]; born 10 June 1985) is a Luxembourgish former professional road bicycle racer. He won the 2010 Tour de France, being awarded it retroactively in February 2012 after Alberto Contador's hearing at the Court of Arbitration for Sport. He has also been the runner-up at the Tour twice; in 2009 and 2011. He's the current deputy general manager for the Lidl-Trek (men's team). He is the younger brother of Fränk Schleck, also a professional rider between 2003 and 2016. Their father Johny Schleck rode the Tour de France and Vuelta a España between 1965 and 1974.
Strong duality
Strong duality is a condition in mathematical optimization in which the primal optimal objective and the dual optimal objective are equal. By definition, strong duality holds if and only if the duality gap is equal to 0. This is opposed to weak duality (the primal problem has optimal value greater than or equal to the dual problem, in other words the duality gap is greater than or equal to zero).

Duality (optimization)
In mathematical optimization theory, duality or the duality principle is the principle that optimization problems may be viewed from either of two perspectives, the primal problem or the dual problem. If the primal is a minimization problem then the dual is a maximization problem (and vice versa). Any feasible solution to the primal (minimization) problem is at least as large as any feasible solution to the dual (maximization) problem. Therefore, the solution to the primal is an upper bound to the solution of the dual, and the solution of the dual is a lower bound to the solution of the primal. This fact is called weak duality.

In general, the optimal values of the primal and dual problems need not be equal. Their difference is called the duality gap. For convex optimization problems, the duality gap is zero under a constraint qualification condition. This fact is called strong duality.
Kongsøya
Kongsøya is an island in Svalbard, Norway. It is the largest of the islands in King Charles Land (Kong Karls Land). Its area is 191 square kilometres (74 sq mi). The other main island in the chain is Svenskøya.

Kong Karls Land
Kong Karls Land or King Charles Land is an island group in the Svalbard archipelago, in the Arctic Ocean. The island group covers an area of 342 km2 (132 sq mi) and is made up of the islands of Kongsøya, Svenskøya, Abel Island, Helgoland Island, and Tirpitzøya. The island group was discovered in the 1870s and first accurately mapped by Kapitän Rüdiger in 1898.
Congratulations (Cliff Richard song)
"Congratulations" is a song recorded by British singer Cliff Richard written by Bill Martin and Phil Coulter. It represented the United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1968, held in London placing second behind the Spanish entry, "La, la, la".

The song went on to reach number 1 in many countries including Spain. He released the song in English, French, German, Spanish, and Italian.

La La La (Massiel song)
"La, la, la" is a song released in 1968 recorded by Spanish singer Massiel, written by Manuel de la Calva and Ramón Arcusa of Dúo Dinámico. It represented Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1968 held in London, being the first song from Spain to ever win the contest.

Massiel also released the song in English, French, and German. She is not the song's original performer as the initial Spanish representative Joan Manuel Serrat was removed after recording, releasing, and promoting the entry for his demand to sing it in Catalan in the contest.
Ron Rivest
Ronald Linn Rivest (/rɪˈvɛst/;
born May 6, 1947) is an American cryptographer and computer scientist whose work has spanned the fields of algorithms and combinatorics, cryptography, machine learning, and election integrity.
He is an Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),
and a member of MIT's Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and its Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.

Along with Adi Shamir and Len Adleman, Rivest is one of the inventors of the RSA algorithm, for which they won the 2002 ACM Turing Award.
He is also the inventor of the symmetric key encryption algorithms RC2, RC4, and RC5, and co-inventor of RC6. (RC stands for "Rivest Cipher".) He also devised the MD2, MD4, MD5 and MD6 cryptographic hash functions.

Leonard Adleman
Leonard Adleman (born December 31, 1945) is an American computer scientist. He is one of the creators of the RSA encryption algorithm, for which he received the 2002 Turing Award. He is also known for the creation of the field of DNA computing and coining the term computer virus.
1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak
A severe outbreak of cholera occurred in 1854 near Broad Street (now Broadwick Street) and Golden Square in Soho, London, England, during the worldwide 1846–1860 cholera pandemic. The outbreak (also known as Golden Square outbreak), which killed 616 people, is best known for the physician John Snow's study of its causes and his hypothesis that germ-contaminated water was the cause, rather than something in the air called "miasma". This discovery influenced public health and the construction of improved sanitation facilities beginning in the mid-19th century. Later, the term "focus of infection" was used to describe sites, such as the Broad Street pump, where conditions are favourable for transmission of infection. Snow unknowingly took advantage of a natural experiment during his endeavours to identify the cause of cholera transmission.

John Snow
John Snow (15 March 1813 – 16 June 1858) was an English physician and a leader in the development of anaesthesia and medical hygiene. He is considered one of the founders of modern epidemiology and early germ theory, in part because of his work in tracing the source of a cholera outbreak in London's Soho, which he identified as a particular public water pump.  Snow's findings inspired fundamental changes in the water and waste systems of London, which led to similar changes in other cities, and a significant improvement in general public health around the world.
U.S. Route 400
U.S. Route 400 (US 400) is a 481.306-mile-long (774.587 km) mostly east–west U.S. Highway, commissioned in 1994. The highway's western terminus is in Granada, Colorado, at an intersection with US 385. The highway's eastern terminus is southwest of Joplin, Missouri, near Loma Linda, at an interchange with Interstate 44, with which it shares with US 166. It originally ended in Garden City, Kansas; in 1996 it was extended to its current western terminus.

U.S. Route 166
U.S. Route 166 (US 166) is a 164-mile (264 km) east–west United States highway.  This route and US 266 are the only two remaining spurs of historic U.S. Route 66 (which was decommissioned in 1985), since US 666 was renumbered to US 491 in 2003.

US 166 meets the old route of US 66, now designated US 69 Alternate, in Baxter Springs in the southeast corner of Kansas.
Professional Poker Tour
The Professional Poker Tour (PPT) was a series of televised poker tournaments, spinning off from the World Poker Tour (WPT) television series.  It billed itself as the first professional poker league, and was limited to players who have established themselves on the World Poker Tour, World Series of Poker, or major participation on the poker circuit.

Matt Corboy was the lead commentator, with poker pro Mark Seif as color commentator and Kaye Han as floor reporter.  The first season, taped in 2004-2005, began airing regularly on Travel Channel on July 5, 2006 and left the air in 2007.

World Poker Tour
The World Poker Tour (WPT) is an internationally televised gaming and entertainment brand. Since 2002, the World Poker Tour has operated a series of international poker tournaments and associated television series broadcasting playdown and the final table of each tournament.

The most prominent of World Poker Tour events belong to the WPT Main Tour. The WPT Main Tour focuses on the buy-in range of $3,500–$25,000, and winners of official WPT Main Tour events are awarded a membership to the WPT Champions Club. The WPT Champions Cup is the trophy awarded to all winners of WPT Main Tour events, and champions have their names engraved on the Cup.
Pakubuwono I of Mataram
Pakubuwono I (also known as Pakubuwana I, known prior to his reign as Pangeran Puger, lit. 'Prince Puger'), was a combatant for the succession of the Mataram Sultanate, both as a co-belligerent during the Trunajaya rebellion (1677–1681), and the First Javanese War of Succession (1704–1707).

An uncle of Amangkurat III of Mataram, he created a new name for his line, with the title Pakubuwono, the standard name for rulers of the subsequently created Surakarta. Most Javanese chronicles (Javanese: babad) depict him as a great wise ruler. He ruled from 1705 to 1719.

His son succeeded him with the title Amangkurat IV.

Amangkurat III of Mataram
Amangkurat III (Amangkurat Mas; died in Dutch Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), 1734) was a short-lived susuhunan (ruler) of the Sultanate of Mataram, who reigned 1703–1705.

When his father Amangkurat II of Mataram died, he soon lost his half-uncle Prince Puger in the First Javanese War of Succession, which lasted for five years until the Dutch managed to install Prince Puger as Pakubuwono I. Amangkurat was deposed, but not caught until 1707. He was subsequently exiled to Ceylon, where he died some three decades after his ouster from power.
Nickelodeon (New Zealand TV channel)
Nickelodeon was a television channel in New Zealand that targeted audiences aged 3–14. The channel launched on 1 August 2006 and was available on Sky Television Channel 041. The channel closed on 30 November 2010, and New Zealand schedule is now managed by Nickelodeon Australia. The channel used to be headquartered in Auckland, New Zealand, shared with fellow Viacom channel MTV New Zealand.

Nickelodeon (Australia and New Zealand)
Nickelodeon was an Australian and New Zealand children's pay television channel owned by Paramount Networks UK & Australia. It was based on the namesake American television channel.

Since 1 December 2010, the Australian and New Zealand versions of the subscription channel have been the same. The New Zealand-specific version of Nickelodeon shut down the day before.

The channel was removed from Foxtel on 1 August 2023, the same day as the free-to-air channel 10 Shake rebranded as Nickelodeon. The existing pay television channel continued to broadcast through Fetch in Australia until November 1 2025, as well as on Sky in New Zealand until December 2025. The Fetch feed was renamed "Nick", to differentiate it from the free-to-air channel.
Active-class patrol boat
The Active-class patrol boat was one of the most useful and long-lasting classes of United States Coast Guard cutters. Of the 35 built in the 1920s, 16 were still in service during the 1960s. The last to be decommissioned from active service was the Morris in 1970; the last in actual service was the Cuyahoga, which sank after an accidental collision in 1978.

USCGC Morris
USCGC Morris (WSC-147), was a 125 ft (38 m) United States Coast Guard Active-class patrol boat in commission from 1927 to 1971. She was named for Robert Morris, (1734–1806) who was appointed in 1789 as United States Senator from Pennsylvania. In May 1966, she was redesignated as (WMEC-147).
Aviadvigatel PD-14
The Aviadvigatel PD-14 (Russian: Авиадвигатель ПД-14) is a wide family of high-bypass turbofan engines that was developed by Aviadvigatel to power the Yakovlev MC-21 twin-jet airliner. Previously known as the PS-12, it is a 14 tf (30,865 lbf) thrust powerplant that allegedly features many new technologies. The goal of the program was to develop a modern fuel efficient power plant capable of competing with modern Western engines. A substantial focus has been placed on fuel economy, emissions and international serviceability, areas of traditional weakness for Russian engines such as the Aviadvigatel PS-90. The engines certification testing remains ongoing in 2026, however current performance claims put the engine on par with the CFM International LEAP and about 5% behind the Pratt & Whitney PW1000G in fuel economy.

CFM International LEAP
The CFM International LEAP ("Leading Edge Aviation Propulsion") is a high-bypass turbofan engine produced by CFM International, a 50–50 joint venture between the American GE Aerospace and the French Safran Aircraft Engines. It competes with the Pratt & Whitney PW1000G for narrow-body aircraft.
Ion beam
An ion beam is a beam of ions, a type of charged particle beam. Ion beams have many uses in electronics manufacturing (principally ion implantation) and other industries.  There are many ion beam sources, some derived from the mercury vapor thrusters developed by NASA in the 1960s. The most widely used ion beams are of singly-charged ions.

Ion source
An ion source is a device that creates atomic and molecular ions. Ion sources are used to form ions for mass spectrometers, optical emission spectrometers, particle accelerators, ion implanters and ion engines.
Flytenow
Flytenow was a United States-based general aviation flight sharing company. The company developed a web platform for connecting travelers with licensed pilots conducting non-commercial flights, allowing the cost of the flight to be shared pro-rata.

The company ceased operations in December 2015, following a ruling by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) that the practice of offering flight sharing to the general public is a commercial carrier activity requiring certain certification, and an unsuccessful appeal by Flytenow to the Supreme Court of the United States.

Flight sharing
Flight sharing is the sharing of the direct operating costs of non-commercial general aviation aircraft flights between a licensed pilot and their passengers (in contrast to the outright commercial operation of flights for hire, such as fractional ownership of aircraft or air charter).
Bethesda Game Studios
Bethesda Game Studios is an American video game developer and a studio of ZeniMax Media based in Rockville, Maryland. It is best known for its action role-playing franchises, including The Elder Scrolls, Fallout, and Starfield. Bethesda Game Studios opened in 2001 as the development unit of Bethesda Softworks, separating from publishing operations. Todd Howard serves as the studio's executive producer, leading it with managing director Ashley Cheng and studio director Angela Browder. As of November 2023, Bethesda Game Studios had 450 employees.

ZeniMax Media
ZeniMax Media Inc. is an American video game holding company based in Rockville, Maryland. The company was founded in 1999 by Christopher Weaver and Robert A. Altman as the parent company for Weaver's video game publisher Bethesda Softworks. The company additionally owns the development studios Bethesda Game Studios (The Elder Scrolls, Fallout, and Starfield), id Software (Doom, Quake, and Rage), Arkane Studios (Dishonored, Prey, and Redfall), MachineGames (Wolfenstein), and ZeniMax Online Studios (The Elder Scrolls Online). Microsoft acquired ZeniMax Media for $8.1 billion in March 2021 and operates it under the Microsoft Gaming division.
Landschaft Sylt
Landschaft Sylt is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It covers the island of Sylt (except the independent municipality Sylt in the center of the island), in the North Sea, about 65 km northwest of Husum. Its administrative seat is in the town Westerland - which is not, however, a part of the Amt.

Sylt (municipality)
Sylt (German pronunciation: [zʏlt] ⓘ; Danish: Sild; Söl'ring North Frisian: Söl) is a municipality on the island of Sylt in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It has around 13,000 inhabitants and covers about 60% of the area of the island.
FAPSI
FAPSI (Russian: ФАПСИ) or Federal Agency of Government Communications and Information (FAGCI) (Russian: Федеральное Агентство Правительственной Связи и Информации) was a Russian government agency, which was responsible for signal intelligence and security of governmental communications.

The present-day FAPSI successor agencies are the relevant departments of the Federal Security Service (FSB)  and Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR) as well as the Special Communications Service of Russia (Spetssvyaz) (part of the Federal Protective Service of the Russian Federation) (FSO RF).

Special Communications Service of Russia
The Special Communications and Information Service of the Federal Protective Service of the Russian Federation (Spetssvyaz, Spetssvyaz; Russian: Служба специальной связи и информации, Спецсвязь России) is a cryptologic intelligence agency of The Federal Protective Service of Russia responsible for the collection and analysis of foreign communications and foreign signals intelligence, as well as protecting Russian government communications and information systems, which involves information security and cryptanalysis/cryptography.
SsangYong Musso
The KGM Musso, formerly SsangYong Musso (Korean: 쌍용 무쏘) is a mid-size SUV or pickup truck manufactured by the South Korean automaker SsangYong from 1993.

The Musso SUV was a result of collaboration between SsangYong and Daimler-Benz. The car's design was styled by Ken Greenley. The car has a double cab pick-up version named Musso Sports. The SUV was produced from 1993 to 2005, and the pick-up produced from 2002 to 2005.

In 2018 Geneva Motor Show, SsangYong's new pickup truck was revealed, with the Musso nameplate. It features SsangYong's new body-on-frame platform, which it shares with the SsangYong/KGM Rexton.

SsangYong Rexton
The KGM Rexton, formerly SsangYong Rexton (Korean: 쌍용 렉스턴), is a mid-size SUV manufactured by South Korean manufacturer SsangYong Motor (currently KG Mobility) since late 2001. The name Rexton is derived from the Latin title 'rex' and the English word 'tone', which is intended to mean "the ruler's tone".

In 2017, the second generation Rexton debuted in Seoul 2017, and to the European market in Frankfurt 2017. The new generation Rexton features SsangYong's new body-on-frame platform, which it shares with the Musso pick-up. Other improvements include active safety driving pack, increased towing capacity, and electric parking brake system with auto hold. The Rexton is offered with a choice of a new 2.0L petrol turbo or 2.2L diesel engine and available in two or four-wheel drive. It is equipped with Mercedes-Benz 7G-Tronic automatic or Aisin 6-speed automatic transmission or 6-speed manual transmission.
Regular space
In topology and related fields of mathematics, a topological space X is called a regular space if every closed subset C of X and a point p not contained in C have non-overlapping open neighborhoods. Thus p and C can be separated by neighborhoods. This condition is known as Axiom T3. The term "T3 space" usually means "a regular Hausdorff space". These conditions are examples of separation axioms.

Hausdorff space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, a Hausdorff space (/ˈhaʊsdɔːrf/ HOWSS-dorf, /ˈhaʊzdɔːrf/ HOWZ-dorf), T2 space or separated space, is a topological space where distinct points have disjoint neighbourhoods.  Of the many separation axioms that can be imposed on a topological space, the "Hausdorff condition" (T2) is the most frequently used and discussed. It implies the uniqueness of limits of sequences, nets, and filters.

Hausdorff spaces are named after Felix Hausdorff, one of the founders of topology. Hausdorff's original definition of a topological space (in 1914) included the Hausdorff condition as an axiom.
Darbhanga district
Darbhanga district is one of the thirty-eight districts of the eastern Indian state of Bihar. The city of Darbhanga is the administrative headquarters of this district and 5th largest city of Bihar as well. Darbhanga district lies in the Darbhanga division, within the historical Mithila region. The district is bounded on the north by Madhubani district, on the south by Samastipur district, on the east by Saharsa district and on the west by Sitamarhi and Muzaffarpur districts. The district covers an area of 2,279 km2 (880 sq mi). There are several locations related to the epic Ramayana. The Ahalya Sthan, Gautam Ashram and Gautam Kund are major destinations for the Ramayana circuit in the district.

Madhubani district
Madhubani district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar, India, and is a part of Darbhanga division. Its administrative headquarters are located in Madhubani. The district has an area of 3,501 square kilometres (1,352 sq mi) and has a population of 4,487,379 (as of 2011).

Madhubani is the largest fish-producing district of Bihar in 2022.