hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grey noddy
The grey noddy or grey ternlet (Anous albivitta) is a seabird belonging to the family Laridae. It was once regarded as a pale morph of the blue noddy (Anous ceruleus) but is now usually considered to be a separate species.

Blue noddy
The blue noddy or hinaokū or manuohina (Anous ceruleus) is a seabird in the family Laridae. It is also known as the blue-grey noddy.

It is found in American Samoa, the Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, Samoa, Tonga (Niua), Tuvalu and Hawaii. It has occurred as a vagrant in Australia and Japan. Its natural habitat is open, shallow seas in tropical and subtropical regions.
Structural violence
Structural violence is a form of violence wherein some social structure or social institution may harm people by preventing them from meeting their basic needs or rights.

The term was coined by Norwegian sociologist Johan Galtung, who introduced it in his 1969 article "Violence, Peace, and Peace Research". Some examples of structural violence as proposed by Galtung include institutionalized racism, sexism, and classism, among others. Structural violence and direct violence are said to be highly interdependent, including family violence, gender violence, hate crimes, racial violence, police violence, state violence, terrorism, and war. It is very closely linked to social injustice insofar as it affects people differently in various social structures.

Violence
Violence is characterized as the use of physical force by humans to cause harm to other living beings, such as pain, injury, disablement, death, damage and destruction. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines violence as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation"; it recognizes the need to include violence not resulting in injury or death.
Bahrenfeld
Bahrenfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈbaːʁənfɛlt] ⓘ) is a western quarter of the city of Hamburg in Germany, it is subject to the district/borough Bezirk Altona and was an independent settlement until 1890. It is home to DESY and the Barclays Arena. In 2023 the population was 31,438.

Altona, Hamburg
Altona (German: [ˈaltonaː] ⓘ), also called Hamburg-Altona, is the westernmost urban borough (Bezirk) of the German city state of Hamburg. Located on the right bank of the Elbe river, Altona had a population of 270,263 in 2016.

From 1640 to 1864, Altona was under the administration of the Danish monarchy. Altona was an independent borough until 1937.
James Vincent Murphy
James Vincent Murphy (7 July 1880 – 4 July 1946) was an Irish translator, writer, lecturer and journalist, who published one of the first complete English translations of Mein Kampf in 1939.

Murphy attended St Patrick's College, Maynooth. He was ordained a priest at St Patrick's College Chapel in Maynooth, in 1905. He left clerical service, and by the late 1920s was married and working as a journalist. Before the Second World War he lived for some time in Italy and Germany.

Mein Kampf in English
Since the early 1930s, the history of Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf in English has been complicated and has been the occasion for controversy. Four full translations were completed before 1945, as well as a number of extracts in newspapers, pamphlets, government documents and unpublished typescripts. Not all of these had official approval from Hitler's publishers, Eher Verlag.

Since the war, the 1943 Ralph Manheim translation has been the most commonly published translation, though Manheim later expressed reservations about his translation, and other versions have continued to circulate.
Hellenic Imperial Airways
Hellenic Imperial Airways was an airline which had its head office in Ellinikon, South Athens, Greece. It operated charter and scheduled flights.  The company slogan was Your direct flight around the globe!

Elliniko
Elliniko (Greek: Ελληνικό), sometimes still referred to in English by its former name Hellinikon (Katharevousa: Ἑλληνικόν), is a southern suburban town in the Athens agglomeration in Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it has been part of the municipality of Elliniko-Argyroupoli, of which it is a municipal unit. Elliniko is known for the former Hellinikon Olympic Complex, a temporary sporting complex building on the grounds of the former Ellinikon International Airport used for the 2004 Summer Olympics and the 2004 Summer Paralympics.

Elliniko is the site of a major development project for coastal Athens beginning in 2020 and due for completion in 2026—the Hellinikon Metropolitan Park, consisting of luxury homes, hotels, a casino, a marina, shops, offices, and Greece's tallest buildings such as the Riviera Tower and the Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Athens, which will be the first integrated resort in Greece.
County Hall, Morpeth
County Hall is a municipal building in Morpeth, Northumberland, United Kingdom. It is the offices and meeting place of Northumberland County Council. The current building was completed in April 1981, after the county hall was moved from the old county hall in Newcastle. A statue of a Viking Warrior stands outside the building and was moved there from Doxford Hall.

County Hall, Newcastle upon Tyne
County Hall is a former municipal building, now a hotel, in Castle Garth, in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. The county hall, which was the headquarters and meeting place of Northumberland County Council from 1910 to 1981, is a Grade II listed building.
ABA League Second Division
The ABA League Second Division, also ABA League 2, is the 2nd-tier men's basketball division of the ABA League system. It is run by the ABA League JTD. It is a regional competition between men's professional clubs from six countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia.

ABA League JTD
Adriatic Basketball Association – ABA League, G.P., commonly referred to as the ABA League JTD, is a Croatian company based in Zagreb. It is the general partnership for organizing sports competitions. The company has been running the Adriatic League since the 2015–16 season.

The company runs and operates the three regional-wide men's professional club basketball competitions in South-Eastern Europe, the first-tier ABA League First Division, the second-tier ABA League Second Division, and the ABA League Supercup tournament.
KAKW-DT
KAKW-DT (channel 62) is a television station licensed to Killeen, Texas, United States, serving as the Austin area outlet for the Spanish-language network Univision. It is owned and operated by TelevisaUnivision alongside low-power, Class A UniMás outlet KTFO-CD (channel 31). The two stations share studios on North Loop Boulevard in Austin; KAKW-DT's transmitter is located in unincorporated Williamson County (approximately halfway between Austin and Killeen). Although the station is licensed to a community in the Waco market, most of its local programming and advertising is targeted at the Austin market.

KTFO-CD
KTFO-CD (channel 31) is a low-power, Class A television station in Austin, Texas, United States, serving as the local outlet for the Spanish-language network UniMás. It is owned and operated by TelevisaUnivision alongside Killeen-licensed Univision outlet KAKW-DT (channel 62). The two stations share studios on North Loop Boulevard in Austin; KTFO-CD's transmitter is located at the West Austin Antenna Farm north of West Lake Hills.

Although KTFO-CD identifies as a separate station in its own right, it is officially licensed as a translator of KAKW-DT. In addition to its own digital signal, KTFO-CD is simulcast in high definition on KAKW-DT's second digital subchannel (62.2) from a transmitter in unincorporated Williamson County (approximately halfway between Austin and Killeen). KAKW-DT, in turn, is simulcast on KTFO-CD's second digital subchannel.
Vindafjord Municipality
Vindafjord is a municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Haugaland. Since 2005, the administrative centre of the municipality has been the village of Ølen (prior to that time it was the village of Sandeid). Other villages in the municipality include Bjoa, Imslandsjøen, Ølensvåg, Skjold, Vats, Vikebygd, and Vikedal. The municipality is centered on the Vindafjorden and Sandeidfjorden in the east and it lies north and east of the Skjoldafjorden in the west.

The 620.53-square-kilometre (239.59 sq mi) municipality is the 185th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vindafjord Municipality is the 123rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 9,069. The municipality's population density is 14.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (38/sq mi) and its population has increased by 3.5% over the previous 10-year period.

Ølensjøen
Ølensjøen or Ølen is the administrative centre of Vindafjord Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The village is located at the southern end of the Ølsfjorden, along the European route E134 highway, just east of the village of Ølensvåg.

The 1.11-square-kilometre (270-acre) village has a population (2025) of 1,410 and a population density of 1,270 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,300/sq mi). It is the largest urban area in the municipality.

Ølensjøen is the regional center for commerce for the inner part of the Haugaland area. It has a secondary school, sports club, and a public swimming pool.  Norway's largest privately owned slaughterhouse, Fatland slakteri, is located in Ølensjøen. There is a large shopping center with a pharmacy and post office in Ølensjøen that serves the residents of the Etne-Vindafjord area. Ølen Church is also located in this village.
Pismis 24-1
Pismis 24-1, also known as HD 319718, is the brightest star of the open cluster Pismis 24 within the nebula NGC 6357 about 6,500 light-years away. It was once thought to be the most massive star known, but is composed of at least three individual objects, each still among the most luminous and most massive stars known.

NGC 6357
NGC 6357 is a diffuse nebula near NGC 6334 in the constellation Scorpius.  The nebula contains many proto-stars shielded by dark discs of gas, and young stars wrapped in expanding "cocoons" or expanding gases surrounding these small stars. It is also known as the Lobster Nebula. This nebula was given the name War and Peace Nebula by the Midcourse Space Experiment scientists because of its appearance, which, in infrared images the bright, western part resembles a dove, while the eastern part looks like a skull. A petition by anime fans to rename it as the Madokami nebula, due to resemblance with a character, was unsuccessful.

It is located about 5,500 light years away from Earth. NGC 6357 is connected by a filamentary structure to NGC 6334, and the two may form a single complex.
Tonbridge
Tonbridge (/ˈtʌnbrɪdʒ/ TUN-brij) (historic spelling Tunbridge) is a market town in Kent, England, on the River Medway, 4 miles (6 km) north of Royal Tunbridge Wells, 12 miles (19 km) south west of Maidstone and 29 miles (47 km) south east of London. In the administrative borough of Tonbridge and Malling, it had an estimated population of 41,293 in 2019.

Tonbridge and Malling
51°16′59″N 0°21′00″E﻿ / ﻿51.283°N 0.350°E﻿ / 51.283; 0.350

Tonbridge and Malling is a local government district with borough status in Kent, England. The council is based at Kings Hill. The borough also includes the towns of Tonbridge and Snodland along with numerous villages including Aylesford, West Malling and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Maidstone, Tunbridge Wells, Sevenoaks, Gravesham and Medway.
Thyrsus (giant)
The giant Thyrsus is a mythical figure from Tyrol. He is said to have lived in Leithen close to Reith.

Thyrsus is mentioned in the legend of the giant Haymon. According to tradition, Thyrsus was stronger, more dexterous and half a head taller than Haymon.

Haymon
Haymon is a mythical figure from Tyrol in form of a giant. It is said that Haymon was the founder of Stift Wilten, a premonstratensian abbey, located in the south of Innsbruck. He is said to have lived between 600 and 900 years ago and to have died in the year 878 A.D. in Wilten. According to a 13th-century sources, Haymon's grave is at the altar of the Collegiate Church in Wilten.

It has been speculated that Haymon was a Bavarian nobleman named Haimo.
Albeit its similar spelling and pronunciation to the ancient Greek name Haimon (Greek: Αἵμων), no relation could be shown.
Shuriken School
Shuriken School is an animated series that first aired on August 20, 2006. It was produced by Xilam Animation and Zinkia Entertainment (known for producing Pocoyo) in association with France 3 and Jetix Europe.

Xilam
Xilam Animation SAS  is a French animation studio which specializes in making animated television series and feature films. Marc du Pontavice and his wife Alix de Maistre founded it in 1999 as a replacement for the animation division of Gaumont Multimédia, which was itself an offshoot of the company's television division Gaumont Télévision, a company he co-founded in 1990.
Ben McLachlan
Ben McLachlan (/məˈklɒxlən/ mə-KLOKH-lən; マクラクラン 勉, Makurakuran Ben; born 10 May 1992) is a Japanese former professional tennis player who previously represented New Zealand.

He is a doubles specialist with a career-high ATP ranking of world No. 18, achieved in November 2018. McLachlan has won seven doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including three at ATP 500 level. He reached his first Grand Slam semifinal at the 2018 Australian Open alongside Jan-Lennard Struff, and has reached four further major quarterfinals in men's and mixed doubles. McLachlan has represented Japan in the Davis Cup since 2017, and also competed at the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, reaching the quarterfinals in both men's and mixed doubles.

Jan-Lennard Struff
Jan-Lennard Struff (German pronunciation: [ʃtʁʊf]; born 25 April 1990) is a German professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 21, achieved on 19 June 2023. He also reached a best doubles ranking of No. 21 on 22 October 2018. He is currently the No. 3 German singles player.

Struff became the third oldest first-time ATP champion (since the inception of the ATP Tour in 1990) in 2024 at the age of 33, when he won his first ATP singles title by beating third seeded Taylor Fritz in straight sets in the final of the BMW Open.
Balochi literature
Balochi literature (Balochi: بلۏچی ادب or بلۏچی لبزانک) is literature written in the Balochi languages.

The main Balochi literature is found in poetry, which is purely popular in origin and form
Poetry is by the Baloch regarded as the highest form of literature.

Baloch literature is a reminder of different eras of Baloch culture and civilization, sadness, joys, and the narration of their ancient and old legends and myths, including the stories of Hani and Sheh Mureed, Jalal Khan,  Mir Chakar Rind, Hammal Jiand, Ges'dok, Ashkash(character from Shahnama),and Duda and balach's epic are mixed together.

Among the greats of Balochi literature, can mention Natiq Makrani, Mast Tawakali, Abdullah Rwanbod and Syed Zahoor Shah Hashmi, Saba Dashtyari, Mir Gul Khan Nasir, Muneer Ahmed Badini, Aziz Sanghur and Ghulam Mohammad Lalzad Baloch.

Natiq Makrani
Mirza Gul Muhammad Khan Makrani (Balochi: میرزا گل محمد خان مکرانی; 1813–1848), better known as Natiq Makrani (Balochi: ناطق مکرانی) was a Baloch writer, mystic, poet and theologian of the 13th lunar century and Balochi literature.
Elliptical polarization
In electrodynamics, elliptical polarization is the polarization of electromagnetic radiation such that the tip of the electric field vector describes an ellipse in any fixed plane intersecting, and normal to, the direction of propagation. An elliptically polarized wave may be resolved into two linearly polarized waves in phase quadrature, with their polarization planes at right angles to each other. Since the electric field can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise as it propagates, elliptically polarized waves exhibit chirality.

Circular polarization and linear polarization can be considered to be special cases of elliptical polarization. This terminology was introduced by Augustin-Jean Fresnel in 1822, before the electromagnetic nature of light waves was known.

Linear polarization
In electrodynamics, linear polarization or plane polarization of electromagnetic radiation is a confinement of the electric field vector or magnetic field vector to a given plane along the direction of propagation. The term linear polarization (French: polarisation rectiligne) was coined by Augustin-Jean Fresnel in 1822. See polarization and plane of polarization for more information.

The orientation of a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave is defined by the direction of the electric field vector.  For example, if the electric field vector is vertical (alternately up and down as the wave travels) the radiation is said to be vertically polarized.
Yosef Hayyim
Yosef Hayim (1 September 1835 – 30 August 1909) (Iraqi Hebrew: Yoseph Ḥayyim; Hebrew: יוסף חיים מבגדאד; or Yosef Chaim) was a leading Baghdadi hakham (Sephardi rabbi), authority on halakha (Jewish law), and Master Kabbalist. He is best known as author of the work on halakha Ben Ish Ḥai (בן איש חי‎) ("Son of Man (who) Lives"), a collection of the laws of everyday life interspersed with mystical insights and customs, addressed to the masses and arranged by the weekly Torah portion.

Posek
In Jewish law, a posek (Hebrew: פוסק [poˈsek], pl. poskim, פוסקים‎ [posˈkim]) is a legal scholar who determines the application of halakha, the Jewish religious laws derived from the written and Oral Torah, in cases of Jewish law where previous authorities are inconclusive, or in those situations where no clear halakhic precedent exists.

The decision of a posek is known as a psak halakha ("ruling of law"; pl. piskei halakha) or simply a "psak". Piskei halakha are generally recorded in the responsa literature.
How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special)
How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (also known as Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas!) is a 1966 American animated television special, directed and co-produced by Chuck Jones. Based on the 1957 children's book of the same name by Dr. Seuss, the special features the voice of Boris Karloff (who also narrated the special) as the Grinch. It tells the story of the Grinch, who tries to ruin Christmas for the townsfolk of Whoville below his mountain hideaway.

How the Grinch Stole Christmas! was produced by The Cat in the Hat Productions in association with the television and animation divisions of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios. It completed production in a year and originally aired in the United States on CBS on December 18, 1966. The special is considered a perennial holiday special.

Whoville
Whoville, sometimes written as Who-ville, is a fictional town created by author Theodor Seuss Geisel, under the name Dr. Seuss. Whoville appeared in the 1954 book Horton Hears a Who! and the 1957 book How the Grinch Stole Christmas! with significant differences between the two renditions. Its denizens go by the collective name Whos, as in a plural form of the pronoun who.
Microsoft Academic
Microsoft Academic was a free internet-based academic search engine for academic publications and literature, developed by Microsoft Research in 2016 as a successor of Microsoft Academic Search. Microsoft Academic was shut down in 2022. Both OpenAlex and The Lens claim to be successors to Microsoft Academic.

OpenAlex
OpenAlex is a bibliographic catalogue of scientific papers, authors and institutions accessible in open access mode, named after the Library of Alexandria. It started operating in January 2022 by OurResearch as a successor of the terminated Microsoft Academic Graph. OpenAlex competes with commercial products such as Clarivate's Web of Science or Elsevier's Scopus, and is complemented by bibliometrics tools and an API.
First Class Peripherals
First Class Peripherals, Inc., was an American computer hardware manufacturer active from 1984 to 1990. First Class was initially a mail-order subsidiary of Xebec Corporation that produced HDD subsystems for the Apple II, the Macintosh, and the IBM PC and compatibles. After Xebec dissolved in 1989, First Class was spun off and relocated to Santa Clara, California, where it briefly existed as a manufacturer of clones of IBM's PS/2 under the trade name First Class Systems. It went defunct in November 1990.

Xebec Corporation
Xebec Corporation, formerly Microcomputer Systems Corporation, was an American computer hardware company active from 1969 to 1990. The company was primarily known for their data storage products, especially their hard disk controller ICs. A major customer of Xebec was IBM, who used their disk controllers extensively in the PC XT in 1983, their first PC with a hard drive preinstalled.
Nickanan Night
Nickanan Night (sometimes called Hall Monday or Peasen Monday) is a Cornish feast, traditionally held during Shrovetide, specifically on Shrove Monday.

Sometimes called roguery night in West Cornwall, England, UK, this event was an excuse for local youths to undertake acts of minor vandalism and play practical jokes on neighbours and family.  The name Nickanan may come from the practice of knocking on doors and running away which is known as Nicky nicky nine doors in some parts of the English-speaking world. The eating of pea soup and salt bacon was also associated with this date.

Shrove Monday
Shrove Monday (also known as Collopy Monday, Rose Monday, Merry Monday or Hall Monday) is part of the Shrovetide or Carnival observances and celebrations of the week before Lent, following Quinquagesima or Shrove Sunday and preceding Shrove Tuesday or Mardi Gras.
INEOS Grangemouth
INEOS Grangemouth is a petrochemical complex located adjacent the closed Grangemouth Refinery on the Firth of Forth in Grangemouth, Scotland.

Built by BP but latterly operated by INEOS, it houses the last operating ethylene cracker in the UK.  It forms one of the INEOS group's major manufacturing sites, producing approximately 1.4 million tonnes per annum of products.

Grangemouth Refinery
Grangemouth Refinery was an oil refinery complex located on the Firth of Forth in Grangemouth, Scotland, built by BP but latterly operated by Petroineos. It was the only operating crude oil refinery in Scotland, and with its closure left five remaining refineries in the UK. Grangemouth until that point was the oldest refinery in the UK and supplied 65% of Scotland's oil products, including petrol and diesel.
The refinery processed its last crude in April 2025, and is slated to fully convert to a fuels terminal from July 2025 onwards.
Alipurduar–Silghat Town Rajya Rani Express
The 15417 / 15418 Rajya Rani  Express is an Express  train belonging to Indian Railways Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Alipurduar Junction and Silghat Town in India.This train is a part of Rajya Rani Express series from West Bengal & Assam state.

It operates as train number 15417 from Alipurduar Junction to Silghat Town and as train number 15418 in the reverse direction, serving the states of  West Bengal & Assam.

Alipurduar Junction railway station
Alipurduar Junction is one of the four railway stations that serve Alipurduar city in Alipurduar district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Its station code is APDJ and it lies in New Jalpaiguri–Alipurduar–Samuktala Road line and Alipurduar–Bamanhat branch line. An adjacent railway junction is New Alipurduar (station code NOQ).