hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mark Leiter
Mark Edward Leiter (born April 13, 1963) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, Detroit Tigers, California Angels, San Francisco Giants, Montreal Expos, Philadelphia Phillies, Seattle Mariners, and Milwaukee Brewers from 1990 to 1999 and in 2001.

Drafted by the Baltimore Orioles in 1983, Leiter missed the 1986, 1987, and 1988 seasons due to a rotator cuff injury that required three surgeries. Released by the Orioles in 1988, he signed with the Yankees later that year and made his MLB debut in 1990. Leiter's younger brother Al, son Mark Jr., and nephew Jack have pitched in the major leagues.

Jack Leiter
Jack Thomas Leiter (born April 21, 2000) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Texas Rangers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He played college baseball for the Vanderbilt Commodores and was selected by the Rangers with the second overall pick of the 2021 MLB draft. He made his MLB debut in 2024.

Leiter is the son of former MLB pitcher Al Leiter.
Vulcan (shipyard)
Aktiebolaget Vulcan was an engineering works and shipbuilding company that operated in Turku, Finland between 1898 and 1924.

The company was founded by local businessmen, who bought the production facilities from previously ceased Åbo Mekaniska Verkstads Ab. The company produced ships, engines, pumps and other engineering products. Vulcan had a facility also in Saint Petersburg, where it produced military supplies for the Imperial Russian Army. The company struggled due to losses caused by the Russian Revolution and declined orders.

The company manager Allan Staffans joined Vulcan with its competitor Ab Crichton, creating Crichton-Vulcan shipyard.

Crichton-Vulcan
Crichton-Vulcan is an abandoned shipyard in Turku, Finland, that once formed the cornerstone of the Finnish shipbuilding industry. The shipyard is best known for the World War II coastal defence ships and submarines it produced.

Shipbuilding at the yard gradually ended after 1976, after a new shipyard had been built in the suburb of Perno. The old yard was taken over by Turku Repair Yard and used for ship repair until 2004, when they too moved to the nearby city of Naantali. The shipyard by the Aura River in Turku then lay abandoned for some time and was the target of vandalism. However, the site is currently being turned into an upper-class residential area. Demolition of the old buildings began in June 2011.
Govenlock
Govenlock is an unincorporated community within the Rural Municipality of Reno No. 51, Saskatchewan, Canada. It previously held the status of a village, with a peak population of 151 residents; its village status was dissolved on January 1, 1976. The former townsite of Govenlock is located on Highway 21 and Highway 13, also known as the historic Red Coat Trail, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) east of the Alberta–Saskatchewan border and 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of the Canada–United States border. Although many cement foundations and wooden sidewalks can still be found scattered around the town site, the only building that still stands as of 2010 is the old community hall and a commemorative plaque in remembrance of Govenlock's history.

Rural Municipality of Reno No. 51
The Rural Municipality of Reno No. 51 (2021 population: 343) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 4 and SARM Division No. 3. Located in the southwest corner of the province, it is adjacent to the United States border to the south and the Alberta boundary to the west.
Beaulieu Heights
Beaulieu Heights (locally /ˈbjuːlə/ BEW-lə) 16 acres (6.5 ha) is an area of ancient woodland between South Norwood and Upper Norwood in the London Borough of Croydon, London. It is located between South Norwood Hill and Auckland Road with Auckland Rise to the north and Tummonds Gardens to the south. There are pedestrian entrances from South Norwood Hill and Auckland Rise, and a pond. The name is pronounced as if spelled "Beulah" like the nearby Beulah Hill, and not like the French word or the town of Beaulieu, Hampshire.

The wood is a remnant of The Great North Wood and is currently managed by The London Wildlife Trust along with Croydon Council as a part of its Great North Wood Project.

Great North Wood
51°25′35″N 0°04′38″W﻿ / ﻿51.426507°N 0.077161°W﻿ / 51.426507; -0.077161

The Great North Wood was a natural oak woodland that started three miles (4.8 km) south-east of central London and scaled the Norwood Ridge.  At its full extent, the wood's boundaries stretched almost as far as Croydon and as far north as Camberwell. It had occasional landownings as large clearings, well-established by the Middle Ages such as the hamlets of Penge and Dulwich.

Twenty small fragments or re-plantations remain including Dulwich Wood, Sydenham Hill Wood, Biggin Wood and Beaulieu Heights.

Many placenames refer to the Great North Wood. Today's suburban placenames that contain the contraction Norwood include South Norwood, Upper Norwood and West Norwood (known as Lower Norwood until 1885). Other settlements that reflect the area's woodland past are Woodside, Forest Hill, Honor Oak and Penge, which is from Celtic penceat, meaning "edge of wood" (modern Welsh Pencoed).
Nokia N810
The Nokia N810 Internet tablet is an Internet appliance from Nokia, announced on 17 October 2007 at the Web 2.0 Summit in San Francisco.  Despite Nokia's strong association with cellular products, the N810, like preceding tablets produced by Nokia, was not a phone, but instead allowed the user to browse the Internet and communicate using Wi-Fi networks or with a mobile phone via Bluetooth.  It built on the hardware and software of the Nokia N800 with some features added and some removed.

The Nokia N810 featured the Maemo Linux distribution operating system based on Maemo 4.0, which featured MicroB (a Mozilla-based mobile browser), a GPS navigation application, new media player, and a refreshed interface.

Nokia N800
The Nokia N800 Internet tablet is a wireless Internet appliance from Nokia, originally announced at the Las Vegas CES 2007 Summit in January 2007. N800 allows the user to browse the Internet and communicate using Wi-Fi networks or with mobile phone via Bluetooth. The N800 was developed as the successor to the Nokia 770. It includes FM and Internet radio, an RSS news reader, image viewer and a media player for audio and video files.
Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy
The Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy is a nonprofit cooperating association that supports park stewardship and conservation in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area—the most visited national park in the U.S.

Recognized as one of the largest park partners in the country, the Parks Conservancy has provided nearly $300 million in aid to support San Francisco Bay Area parks including the Presidio of San Francisco, Crissy Field, Muir Woods National Monument, Lands End, and Alcatraz Island. The organization has received a Three-Star Charity rating from Charity Navigator.

Muir Woods National Monument
Muir Woods National Monument (/mjʊər/ MURE) is a United States national monument managed by the National Park Service and named after naturalist John Muir. It is located on Mount Tamalpais near the Pacific coast in southwestern Marin County, California. The Monument is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, and is 12 miles (19 km) north of San Francisco. It protects 554 acres (224 ha), of which 240 acres (97 ha) are old-growth coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) forests, one of the few such stands remaining in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Tom King (writer)
Thomas Krieger King (born July 15, 1978) is an American author, comic book writer, and former CIA officer. He is best known for the comic books The Vision for Marvel Comics, The Sheriff of Babylon for the DC Comics imprint Vertigo, and Batman, Mister Miracle, and Supergirl: Woman of Tomorrow for DC Comics.

In 2018, King received the Eisner Award for Best Writer for his work on Batman and Mister Miracle, sharing the award with Marjorie Liu.

In January 2023, King was announced to be a member of DC Studios's writers' room for its DC Universe media franchise of films and television. In this franchise, King's Supergirl: Woman of Tomorrow miniseries is set to be adapted into the film Supergirl (2026), while King co-created the HBO series Lanterns.

Marjorie Liu
Marjorie M. Liu is an American New York Times best-selling author and comic book writer. She is acclaimed for her horror fantasy comic Monstress, and her paranormal romance and urban fantasy novels including The Hunter Kiss and Tiger Eye series. Her work for Marvel Comics includes NYX, X-23, Dark Wolverine, and Astonishing X-Men. In 2015 Image Comics debuted her creator-owned series Monstress, for which she was nominated for an Eisner Award for Best New Series. In 2017 she won a Hugo Award for the first Monstress trade paperback collection. In July 2018 she became the first woman in the 30-year history of the Eisner Awards to win the Eisner Award for Best Writer for her work on Monstress.
Johnny Otis
Johnny Otis (December 28, 1921 – January 17, 2012), born Ioannis Alexandres Veliotes (Greek: Ιωάννης Αλέξανδρος Βελιώτης), was an American singer, musician, composer, bandleader, record producer, talent scout, and preacher. He was a seminal influence on American R&B and rock and roll. He discovered numerous artists early in their careers who went on to become highly successful in their own right, including Little Esther Phillips, Etta James, Alan O'Day, Big Mama Thornton, Johnny Ace, Jackie Wilson, Little Willie John, Hank Ballard, and The Robins, Sugar Pie DeSanto, among many others. Otis has been called the "Godfather of Rhythm and Blues".

Johnny Ace
John Marshall Alexander Jr. (June 9, 1929 – December 25, 1954), known by the stage name Johnny Ace, was an American rhythm-and-blues singer. He had a string of hit singles in the mid-1950s. He emerged as a prominent figure in postwar R&B and gained fame with hits such as "My Song", "Cross My Heart", and "Pledging My Love". Ace's smooth vocal style and romantic ballads made him a popular artist, particularly on R&B radio stations and jukeboxes. At the height of his career, he toured extensively and was regarded as one of the most promising young stars in the genre.

He died on Christmas Day 1954 by accidentally shooting himself backstage in Houston, Texas at the age of 25. He remains a significant figure in early R&B history, with later artists covering his songs and citing him as an inspiration.

"Pledging My Love", produced by Johnny Otis and featuring Otis on vibraphone, became a posthumous hit and has been recorded by numerous musicians across different genres.
Shigu, Hengyang
Shigu District (simplified Chinese: 石鼓区; traditional Chinese: 石鼓區; pinyin: Shígǔ Qū) is an urban district of Hengyang City, Hunan province, China. The district is located in the middle north of the city proper, it is bordered by Zhuhui District to the east, Yanfeng District to the south, Zhengxiang District to the west, and Hengyang County to the north. Shigu District covers an area of 112 km2 (43 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a permanent resident population of 231,700. The district has seven subdistricts and a township under its jurisdiction, the government seat is at Huangshawan Subdistrict (黄沙湾街道).

Zhengxiang, Hengyang
Zhengxiang District (simplified Chinese: 蒸湘区; traditional Chinese: 蒸湘區; pinyin: Zhēngxiāng Qū) is an urban district of Hengyang City, Hunan province, China. The district is located in the west of the city proper, Zheng River flows from the west to the east. It is bordered by Shigu District to the northeast, Yanfeng District to the southeast, Hengnan County to the south and the west, and Hengyang County to the north. Zhengxiang District covers an area of 108.44 km2 (41.87 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a permanent resident population of 309,900 and a registered population of 258,900. The district has four subdistricts and two townships under its jurisdiction, and the government seat is at Zhengxiang Subdistrict (蒸湘街道).
Herðubreið
Herðubreið (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈhɛrðʏˌpreiːθ] ⓘ, broad-shouldered) is a tuya in the northern part of Vatnajökull National Park, Iceland. It is situated in the Highlands of Iceland at the east side of the Ódáðahraun ([ˈouːˌtauːðaˌr̥œyːn]) desert and close to Askja volcano. The desert is a large lava field originating from eruptions of Trölladyngja and other shield volcanoes in the area. Herðubreið was formed beneath the ice sheet that covered Iceland during the last glacial period.

Askja
Askja ([ˈasca] ⓘ) is an active volcano situated in a remote part of the central highlands of Iceland. The name Askja refers to a complex of nested calderas within the surrounding Dyngjufjöll [ˈtiɲcʏˌfjœtl̥] mountains, which rise to 1,514 m (4,967 ft), askja meaning box or caldera in Icelandic.
KXVA
KXVA (channel 15) is a television station in Abilene, Texas, United States, affiliated with Fox and MyNetworkTV. Owned by Tegna Inc., the station broadcasts from a transmitter located in rural southwestern Callahan County. Its operations and local productions are housed at sister station and fellow Fox affiliate KIDY in San Angelo; the two stations are commonly branded as "Fox West Texas" and largely simulcast the same programming, including local newscasts covering both areas.

Tegna Inc.
Tegna Inc. (stylized in all caps as TEGNA) is an American publicly traded broadcast, digital media and marketing services company headquartered in Tysons, Virginia. It was created on June 29, 2015, when the Gannett Company split into two publicly traded companies. Tegna comprised the more profitable broadcast television and digital media divisions of the old Gannett, while Gannett's publishing interests were spun off as a "new" company which retained the Gannett name (later renamed to the USA Today Co.). Tegna owns or operates 68 television stations in 54 markets, and holds properties in digital media.

In terms of audience reach, Tegna is the largest group owner of NBC-affiliated stations, ahead of Hearst Television and Sinclair Broadcast Group. Tegna is the fourth-largest group owner of ABC affiliates, behind Hearst, the E. W. Scripps Company, and Sinclair. Tegna also owns two digital multicast networks (True Crime Network and Quest).
Renault Vel Satis
The Renault Vel Satis is a five-passenger, five-door executive hatchback, manufactured and marketed by Renault from 2001-2009 over a single generation, sharing its platform with the Laguna II and Espace IV and manufactured on the same assembly line in Sandouville, France and noted for its unorthodox styling approach to the luxury segment. The Vel Satis, alongside the Vauxhall Signum, aimed to capture a new market segment.

Launched at the 2001 Geneva Motor Show to replace the already discontinued Safrane, the Vel Satis followed a 1998 Paris Motor Show concept.

As Renault's flagship model, it was the company's first car offered with adaptive cruise control, Renault reportedly spent €550 million developing the Vel Satis, predicting 50,000 sales across Europe in its first year.  In total, over an eight year production, approximately 62,000 were manufactured.

The name Vel Satis is a portmanteau of Velocity and Satisfaction.

Renault Safrane
The Renault Safrane is an executive car (E-segment in Europe) designed and built by the French manufacturer Renault from 1992 until 2000. Throughout its production it remained the most expensive and most luxurious Renault available, although its commercial success was limited, compared to some similar models and also compared to its predecessor. Just over 300,000 Safranes were built, compared to nearly 800,000 Renault 25. It was replaced by the Vel Satis, and to some extent, by the short-lived two-door Avantime.

Since 2008, a new model, based directly on the Renault Samsung SM5 sedan, is also called Renault Safrane.
Interior-point method
Interior-point methods (also referred to as barrier methods or IPMs) are algorithms for solving linear and non-linear convex optimization problems. IPMs combine two advantages of previously-known algorithms:

Theoretically, their run-time is polynomial—in contrast to the simplex method, which has exponential run-time in the worst case.

Practically, they run as fast as the simplex method—in contrast to the ellipsoid method, which has polynomial run-time in theory but is very slow in practice.

In contrast to the simplex method which traverses the boundary of the feasible region, and the ellipsoid method which bounds the feasible region from outside, an IPM reaches a best solution by traversing the interior of the feasible region—hence the name.

Nonlinear programming
In mathematics, nonlinear programming (NLP) is the process of solving an optimization problem where some of the constraints are not linear equalities or the objective function is not a linear function. An optimization problem is one of calculation of the extrema (maxima, minima or stationary points) of an objective function over a set of unknown real variables and conditional to the satisfaction of a system of equalities and inequalities, collectively termed constraints. It is the sub-field of mathematical optimization that deals with problems that are not linear.
Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013
Spain was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 with the song "Contigo hasta el final", written by Raquel del Rosario, David Feito, and Juan Luis Suárez, and performed by themselves under their stage name ESDM. The Spanish participating broadcaster, Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE), selected its entry through a national final, after having previously selected the band internally. RTVE announced ESDM as its representative on 17 December 2012, while the national final El Sueño de Morfeo: Destino Eurovisión was organised in order to select the song ESDM would perform. Three songs, one selected through an Internet public vote, competed in the televised show where an in-studio jury and a public televote selected "Contigo hasta el final" as the winning song.

As a member of the "Big Five", Spain automatically qualified to compete in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest. Performing in position 5, Spain placed twenty-fifth out of the 26 participating countries with 8 points.

El Sueño de Morfeo
El Sueño de Morfeo (English: Morpheus' Dream) was a Spanish band from Asturias. Their musical style is pop rock fused with Celtic, folk rock and indie pop elements. 
They represented Spain at Eurovision Song Contest 2013 with the song "Contigo hasta el final (With you until the end)".
Bob Maas
Adrianus Lambertus Joseph "Bob" Maas (18 October 1907 – 17 December 1996) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles and took the Silver medal. In that same Olympics, Maas and his brother Jan Maas, competed in the Dutch Star Holland. In this series Maas took the 6th place. The Maas brothers took part at their own cost.

In 1936, with Willem de Vries Lentsch as crew, Maas took part in the Dutch Star BEM II and took the Bronze. During the 1948 Summer Olympics Bob Maas also took a Bronze medal in the Star. This time with Eddy Stutterheim as crew. His last Olympic appearance was in 1952 again with Eddy Stutterheim as crew. This time they finished 8th.

Bob Maas is the older brother of Jan Maas.

Jan Maas (sailor)
Jan Maas (2 April 1911 Batavia, Dutch East Indies – 31 December 1962, New York) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. Maas competed, with his Brother Bob Maas as helmsman, in the Star, he took the 6th place. The Maas brothers took part at their own cost.

Jan Maas is the younger brother of Bob Maas.
Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814
The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 (also known as the Convention of London; Dutch: Verdrag van Londen) was signed by the United Kingdom and the Netherlands in London on 13 August 1814. It was signed by Lord Castlereagh on behalf of the British government and Hendrik Fagel on behalf of the Dutch government. The treaty restored several of the Dutch colonies occupied by British forces during the Napoleonic Wars, although several others were permanently ceded to Britain. It also included Dutch acknowledgement of British opposition to the Atlantic slave trade and agreements to improve the Low Countries' defences. Disputes arising from the treaty resulted in the signing of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824.

Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824
The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824, also known as the Treaty of London (Dutch: Verdrag van Londen), was a treaty between the United Kingdom and the Netherlands in London on 17 March 1824. The treaty was to resolve disputes arising from the execution of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814. For the Dutch, it was signed by Hendrik Fagel and Anton Reinhard Falck, and for the British, George Canning and Charles Williams-Wynn.
2022 CAFA Women's Championship
The 2022 CAFA Women's Championship was the second edition of the CAFA Women's Championship, the quadrennial international women's football championship organised by the Central Asian Football Association for the women's senior national teams of Central Asia. The tournament was hosted by Tajikistan.

Uzbekistan were the defending champions, having won their first title in 2018. They managed to retain the title undefeated. Hosts Tajikistan finished in last place after losing three matches and drawing one against debutants Turkmenistan, who secured fourth place just one point ahead of their Tajik counterparts.

CAFA Women's Championship
The CAFA Women's Championship, is an international women's association football competition contested by the senior women's national teams of the members of the Central Asian Football Association (CAFA), the governing body of football in Central Asia.

The official tournament started in 2018, hosted by Uzbekistan and won by Uzbekistan.
Shire of Isisford
The Shire of Isisford was a local government area located in central western Queensland, between the towns of Longreach and Blackall. It covered an area of 10,482.6 square kilometres (4,047.4 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1908 until 2008, when it amalgamated with the Shires of Ilfracombe and Longreach to form the Longreach Region.

The region formerly located within the shire contains many large cattle and sheep stations.

Shire of Longreach
The Shire of Longreach was a local government area located in central western Queensland, centred on the town of Longreach, from which the shire was administered. It covered an area of 23,561.4 square kilometres (9,097.1 sq mi), and existed as a local government entity from 1900 until 2008, when it amalgamated with the Shires of Ilfracombe and Isisford to form the Longreach Region.
Nick Littlemore
Nicholas George Littlemore (born 6 May 1978) is an Australian musician, record producer, singer, songwriter and tour manager. As a musician, he is the frontman of the electronic project Pnau, a member of the art-rock band Teenager and one part of the electro pop-duo Empire of the Sun. As a record producer, he has worked with Elton John, Lover Lover, Groove Armada and Mika. From late 2009, Littlemore had worked with the Cirque Du Soleil as a composer and musical director for the touring arena show Zarkana, which debuted on 29 June 2011. His older brother Sam La More is also a musician and record producer. In 2019, he and Peter Mayes launched the label Lab78.

Peter Mayes
Peter Mayes (born 5 October 1976) is an Australian musician and producer. He is widely known for being a leading member of dance act Pnau. He is a longtime collaborator with Nick Littlemore and has produced and mixed many of his projects, most notably the platinum-selling album Walking on a Dream and Ice on the Dune for Empire of the Sun, and the art-rock act Teenager. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2009 he won Producer of the Year. He has also done work with Elton John, Mika, Karen O, Ellie Goulding, Sia, ESG, Electric Youth and Lindsey Buckingham.
In 2019 he and Nick Littlemore launched the label Lab78.