hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Solar eclipse of June 10, 1964
A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Wednesday, June 10, 1964, with a magnitude of 0.7545. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

This was the second of four partial solar eclipses in 1964, with the others occurring on January 14, July 9, and December 4.

A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Australia and western Oceania.

Solar eclipse of January 14, 1964
A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Tuesday, January 14, 1964, with a magnitude of 0.5591. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. Partial solar eclipses occur in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

This was the first of four partial solar eclipses in 1964, with the others occurring on June 10, July 9, and December 4.

A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Antarctica and extreme southern South America.
American Osteopathic Board of Internal Medicine
The American Osteopathic Board of Internal Medicine (AOBIM) is an organization that provides board certification to qualified Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) who specialize in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease in adults (internists). The board is one of 18 medical specialty certifying boards of the American Osteopathic Association Bureau of Osteopathic Specialists approved by the American Osteopathic Association (AOA), and was established in 1942. As of December 2011, 3,072 osteopathic internal medical physicians held active certification with the AOBIM.

American Osteopathic Association Bureau of Osteopathic Specialists
Established in 1939, the American Osteopathic Association's (AOA) Bureau of Osteopathic Specialists (BOS) is the supervisory body for the AOA's 16 Specialty Certifying Boards in the United States. The BOS establishes and enforces policy for board certification through the AOA  Specialty Certifying Boards and maintains high standards for certification through the development and implementation of educational and professional standards used to evaluate and certify osteopathic and non-osteopathic (MD and equivalent) physician.

AOA Board Certification is recognized by key healthcare accreditation organizations. The AOA is also recognized as the primary verification source for physician osteopathic board certification data on medical specialists for credentialing purposes.
Approximant
Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough, nor with enough articulatory precision, to create turbulent airflow. Therefore, approximants fall between fricatives, which produce a turbulent airstream, and vowels, which produce no turbulence. This class is composed of sounds like [ɹ] (as in rest) and semivowels like [j] and [w] (as in yes and west, respectively), as well as lateral approximants like [l] (as in less).

Semivowel
In phonetics and phonology, a semivowel, glide or semiconsonant is a sound that is phonetically similar to a vowel sound but functions as the syllable boundary, rather than as the nucleus of a syllable. Examples of semivowels in English are y and w in yes and west, respectively. Written /j w/ in IPA, y and w are near to the vowels ee and oo in seen and moon, written /iː uː/ in IPA. The term glide may alternatively refer to any type of transitional sound, not necessarily a semivowel.
Fear Effect 2: Retro Helix
Fear Effect 2: Retro Helix is a 2001 action-adventure video game developed by Kronos Digital Entertainment and published by Eidos Interactive for the PlayStation. The game serves as a prequel to Fear Effect (2000).

Fear Effect
Fear Effect is a 2000 action-adventure video game developed by Kronos Digital Entertainment and published by Eidos Interactive for the PlayStation. Set in the year 2050, the player controls three mercenaries in Hong Kong and contains elements of survival horror and stealth. It received a mainly positive critical reception, with praise given to its cinematic presentation and unique visuals but criticism given to its difficulty. A prequel was released one year later entitled Fear Effect 2: Retro Helix.
Ali Bey al-Kabir
Ali Bey al-Kabir (Arabic: علي بك الكبير, romanized: ʿAlī Bey al-Kābīr, Georgian: ალი ბეი ალ-ქაბირი; 1728 – 8 May 1773) was a mamluk who served as shaykh al-balad (chief of the country) of Ottoman Egypt in 1760–1766 and 1767–1772. He was effectively the strongman of Egypt and in 1769 practically pursued independence from the Ottomans, minting coins in his own name, terminating the annual tribute to Istanbul and launching conquests of the Hejaz and Syria in 1770–1771. His rule ended following the insubordination of his most trusted general, Abu al-Dahab, which led to Ali Bey's downfall and death.

Abu al-Dhahab
Muhammad Abu al-Dhahab (Arabic: محمد أبو الدهب, romanized: muḥammad abū aḏ-ḏahab; 1735–1775), also just called Abu Dhahab (Arabic: أبو الدهب, romanized: abū ḏahab, lit. 'father of gold', a name apparently given to him on account of his generosity and wealth) was a Mamluk emir and regent of Ottoman Egypt.
Traversay Islands
The Traversay Islands (Spanish: Archipiélago Marqués de Traverse) are a group of three islands—Zavodovski, Leskov and Visokoi—at the northern end of the South Sandwich Islands in the South Atlantic Ocean.

Visokoi Island
Visokoi Island is an uninhabited volcanic island and one the three Traversay Islands that constitute a subgroup of the South Sandwich Islands, in the Southern Ocean.

Visokoi consists of one major volcano, Mount Hodson, whose height is usually given as 1,005 metres (3,297 ft). The mountain is mostly covered by glaciers, except for several low areas on the coast like the northern Finger Point and eastern Irving Point. Several parasitic vents are found especially on the eastern side, and one vent close to Finger Point is still hot. Eruptions were reported in 1830, 1927 and 1930, and a large landslide took place during historical time.
Celtiberian script
The Celtiberian script is a Paleohispanic script that was the main writing system of the Celtiberian language, an extinct Continental Celtic language, which was also occasionally written using the Latin alphabet. This script is a direct adaptation of the northeastern Iberian script, the most frequently used of the Iberian scripts.

Paleohispanic scripts
The Paleohispanic scripts are the ancient writing systems created in the Iberian Peninsula before the Latin alphabet became the dominant script. They derive from the Phoenician alphabet, with the exception of the Greco-Iberian alphabet, which is a direct adaptation of the Greek alphabet. Some researchers believe that the Greek alphabet may also have played a role in the origin of the other Paleohispanic scripts. Most of these scripts are notable for being semi-syllabic rather than purely alphabetic.

Paleohispanic scripts are known to have been used from the 5th century BCE—possibly as early as the 7th century, according to some researchers—until the end of the 1st century BCE or the beginning of the 1st century CE. They were the primary scripts used to write the Paleohispanic languages.
Department of the Pacific
The Department of the Pacific or Pacific Department was a major command (Department) of the United States Army from 1853 to 1858.  It replaced the Pacific Division, and was itself replaced by the Department of California and the Department of Oregon.

Department of California
The Department of California was an administrative department of the United States Army.  The Department was created in 1858, replacing the original Department of the Pacific, and it was ended by the reorganizations of the Henry L. Stimson Plan implemented in February 1913.  As with the preceding organization, headquarters were in San Francisco.  Its creation was authorized by General Orders, No. 10, of the War Department, Adjutant-General's Office, September 13, 1858.

As first established, the department covered all territory within the latter-day state borders of Arizona, Nevada, California, and a sizable square of southwestern Oregon representing the Rogue River District and Umpqua District.
Peppermint
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita) is a hybrid species of mint, a cross between watermint and spearmint. Indigenous to Europe and the Middle East, the plant is now widely spread and cultivated in many regions of the world. It is occasionally found in the wild with its parent species.

Although the genus Mentha comprises more than 25 species, the one in most common use is peppermint. While Western peppermint is derived from Mentha ×  piperita, Chinese peppermint, or bohe, is derived from the fresh leaves of M. haplocalyx. M. ×  piperita and M. haplocalyx are both recognised as plant sources of menthol and menthone, and are among the oldest herbs used for both culinary and medicinal products.

Spearmint
Spearmint (Mentha spicata), also known as garden mint, common mint, lamb mint and mackerel mint, is native to Europe and southern temperate Asia, extending from Ireland in the west to southern China in the east. It is naturalized in many other temperate parts of the world, including northern and southern Africa, North America, and South America. It is used as a flavouring in food and herbal teas. The aromatic oil, called oil of spearmint, is also used as a flavoring and sometimes as a scent.

The species and its subspecies have many synonyms, including Mentha crispa, Mentha crispata, and Mentha viridis.
Matsukawa derailment
The Matsukawa derailment (松川事件, Matsukawa jiken "Matsukawa incident") occurred at 03:09 AM on August 17, 1949 when a Tōhoku Main Line passenger train derailed and overturned between Kanayagawa and Matsukawa stations in Fukushima Prefecture of Japan, killing three crew members. Together with the Mitaka and Shimoyama incidents, it was one of three major criminal cases involving allegations of sabotage blamed by the government on the Japanese Communist Party and the Japan National Railway Union in the immediate post-war era. Twenty people were arrested and seventeen were convicted in 1953 (four of whom received death sentences), but eventually all were acquitted on appeal, and the case was closed without determining the real cause in 1970.

In 2009, Fukushima University announced that archive files detailing the incident were made public.

Mitaka incident
The Mitaka incident (三鷹事件, Mitaka jiken) was an incident that took place in Tokyo, Japan on July 15, 1949, when an unmanned 63 series train with its operating handle tied down drove into Mitaka Station on the Chūō Line, killing six people and injuring 20. The incident remains a mystery, as do the Shimoyama and Matsukawa incidents which occurred around the same time.

The government indicted ten people on a charge of train sabotage resulting in death of the victims, as well as the train's conductor, Keisuke Takeuchi, who was not in the train when it derailed.
Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art
The Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art (RLAHA) is a laboratory at the University of Oxford, England which develops and applies scientific methods to the study of the past. It was established in 1955 and its first director was Teddy Hall. The first deputy director was Dr Stuart Young, who was followed by Martin Aitken in 1957. After many years of de facto association with the Institute of Archaeology, in 2000 it was jointly brought under the single departmental umbrella of School of Archaeology.

The laboratory includes the Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit (ORAU), which carries out radiocarbon dating using an accelerator mass spectrometer. The Laboratory publishes the journal Archaeometry, and hosts a chair named for its first director, Edward Hall Professorship in Archaeological Science, and a seminar series named for Martin Aitkin.

The Laboratory is currently directed by Professor Mark Pollard.

School of Archaeology, University of Oxford
The School of Archaeology is an academic department at the Social Sciences Division at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, United Kingdom.

It comprises the Institute of Archaeology and the Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art (RLAHA). The school was created in 2000 when the two existing departments were combined under this umbrella. Both sub-departments retain separate directors, who report to the head of the School of Archaeology, who is replaced every three years.

By custom, the head alternates between an academics based in each of the sub-departments. The current head of school is Amy Bogaard. While Bogaard was due to be replaced in 2022, her term was extended by a year due to COVID-19.
2015–16 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup
The 2015/16 FIS Ski Jumping Continental Cup was the 25th in a row (23rd official) Continental Cup winter season and the 14th official summer season in ski jumping for men.

This was also the 12th winter and the 8th summer season for women. The only time in history (not before or after), four competitors won the overall ranking, including other levels of ski jumping competitions.

Other competitive circuits this season included also the World Cup, Grand Prix, FIS Cup, FIS Race and Alpen Cup.

2015–16 FIS Race (ski jumping)
The 2015/16 FIS Race (ski jumping) was the 17th FIS Race regular season as the fourth level of ski jumping competition since 1999/00. Although even before the world cup and in the old days FIS Race events were all top level organized competitions.

Other competitive circuits this season included the World Cup, Grand Prix, Continental Cup, FIS Cup and Alpen Cup.
Bonadelle Ranchos-Madera Ranchos, California
Bonadelle Ranchos and Madera Ranchos are a pair of communities in Madera County, California, United States. They are part of the Madera–Chowchilla Metropolitan Statistical Area. Prior to 2020, the communities were part of the Bonadelle Ranchos-Madera Ranchos Census Designated Place, with a population of 8,569 at the 2010 census. For the 2020 census, the area was split into two CDPs, Bonadelle Ranchos and Madera Ranchos.

Bonadelle Ranchos, California
Bonadelle Ranchos  is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Madera County, California, United States. It lies at an elevation of 338 feet (103 m). As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 5,497. Prior to 2020, the community was part of the Bonadelle Ranchos-Madera Ranchos CDP.
Simon Gratz High School Mastery Charter
Simon Gratz High School Mastery Charter, formerly Simon Gratz High School is a secondary school in Philadelphia. Its name honors Simon Gratz (1840-1925), a member of the Philadelphia Board of Education.  Originally a public high school operated by the School District of Philadelphia, Gratz has been operated as a charter school by Mastery Schools since September 2011. Students from the previous public school's enrollment area are eligible to attend. It is the fifth Philadelphia high school operated by Mastery.

In 2012, the school was removed from the Persistently Dangerous Schools List while under the new management of Mastery. Part of the building is used for Mastery’s Prep Middle School (7-8th grade).

Mastery Schools
Mastery Schools is a network of 24 charter schools with over 14,000 students in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Camden, New Jersey. It is headquartered at the Mastery Charter Pickett Campus in Germantown, Philadelphia.

The Mastery Charter Schools Foundation has EIN 20-5593485 as a 501(c)(3) Public Charity based in Philadelphia. In 2024, it claimed total revenue of $9,018,682 and total assets of $115,413,557.
Gausón
Gausón was a semi-legendary Astur general who fought the Romans in the Astur-Cantabrian Wars (29 BC–19 BC).

Little is known about Gausón due to the lack of classical sources, but historical codexes, oral tradition and other several sources do mention his presence in the Cantabrian Wars as a military leader of the Astur armies who attacked the Roman legions near the town of Lancia during the Bellum Asturicum campaign.

Cantabrian Wars
The Cantabrian Wars (29–19 BC) (Bellum Cantabricum), sometimes also referred to as the Cantabrian and Asturian Wars (Bellum Cantabricum et Asturicum), were the final stage of the two-century long Roman conquest of Hispania, in what today are the provinces of Cantabria, Asturias and León in northwestern Spain.

During the reign of Emperor Augustus, Rome waged a bloody conflict against the Cantabri, the Astures and the Gallaeci still resisting Roman occupation, the last independent Celtic nations of Hispania.  These warlike peoples fiercely resisted Roman domination; ten years of war and eight legions with their auxiliary troops – more than 50,000 soldiers in total – were needed to subdue the region.

Augustus moved to Segisama (modern Sasamon, Burgos) in 26 BC to supervise the campaign in person. The major fighting was completed in 19 BC, although there were minor rebellions until 16 BC and the Romans had to station two legions there for seventy more years.
Princess Vittoria of Savoy
Princess Vittoria of Savoy (Vittoria Cristina Adelaide Chiara Maria di Savoia; born 28 December 2003) is the daughter and heir apparent to Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy, Prince of Venice, who is a claimant to the headship of the House of Savoy.

As the succession laws of the House of Savoy only permitted males to succeed in their domains, a woman succeeding to the headship of the House of Savoy is unprecedented. In 2019, Vittorio Emanuele, Vittoria's grandfather, proclaimed that the laws of the House of Savoy were to be changed, and Vittoria was placed as second in line to the headship of the house of Savoy, behind her father.

Vittoria is the first female member of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation, which was established in 1362.

Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy, Prince of Venice
Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy, Prince of Venice (Emanuele Filiberto Umberto Reza Ciro René Maria di Savoia; born 22 June 1972) is a member of the House of Savoy. He is the son of Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy and male-line grandson of Umberto II, the last King of Italy. In 2024, Emanuele Filiberto became one of two claimants to the headship of the House of Savoy after the death of his father.

Emanuele Filiberto grew up in exile since the Italian constitution at the time prohibited the male issue of the Savoy kings of Italy from entering or staying on Italian territory. Since returning to Italy following the lifting of the ban in 2002, he has made many appearances on national television, including his participation as a contestant in Ballando con le stelle (the Italian version of Dancing with the Stars), and the Sanremo Music Festival.

In 2003, he married French actress Clotilde Courau. In March 2025, he announced that the couple has been separated since 2021.
Balochistan Rural Support Programme
Balochistan Rural Support Programme (BRSP) was a project funded by the German technical cooperation agency Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) in the early 1980s which was converted into the Balochistan Rural Support Programme in 1991. It is a Non Government Organization (NGO), part of the Rural Support Programmes Network, working in rural areas of Balochistan, Pakistan.

In the mid-1990s, BRSP worked in 13 Districts of Balochistan with 250 staff members; however, it had to scale down its operations substantially in the subsequent years as GIZ withdrew its support. BRSP resumed its operations in 2001 with financial support from Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF).

Rural Support Programmes Network
The Rural Support Programmes Network (RSPN) is the largest development network in Pakistan with an outreach to over 34 million rural Pakistanis. It consists of a network of 12 Rural Support Programmes (RSPs). The RSP’s rely on a community driven model of development. Communities are mobilised around their needs and organised to stimulate more effective demand for services.
Laclede Station Ruin
The Laclede Station Ruin is a former way station on the Overland Trail in Sweetwater County, Wyoming, between the Big Pond Station and the Dug Springs Station. Constructed in the 1860s, the station was built of stone slabs. The ruins of some of its walls remain. The site was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 6, 1978. From the LaClede Station, was a trail heading southwest, the Pine Butte Cuttoff to Green River, Wyoming.

Dug Springs Station Site
The Dug Springs Station Site is a former way station on the Overland Trail in Sweetwater County, Wyoming. Constructed about 1862, the station was built with rock slab walls, between Laclede Station and Duck Lake Station. The site was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 6, 1978.
Southern Department (Great Britain)
The Southern Department was a department of the government of the Kingdom of England and later the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1660 until 1782 when its functions (and the functions of the Northern Department) were reorganised into the new Home Office and Foreign Office.  The department was tasked with home affairs, foreign affairs in parts of Southern Europe, and with governing the English and later British colonies, among other matters.

Northern Department
The Northern Department was a department of the government of the Kingdom of England from 1660 to 1707 and later the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1707 until 1782 when its functions were reorganised into the new Home Office and Foreign Office.
Gran Desierto de Altar
The Gran Desierto de Altar is one of the major sub-ecoregions of the Sonoran Desert, located in the State of Sonora in northwest Mexico. It includes the only active erg (sand sea) dune region in North America. The desert extends across much of the northern border of the Gulf of California, spanning more than 100 kilometres (62 mi) east to west and over 50 kilometres (31 mi) north to south. It constitutes the largest continuous wilderness area within the Sonoran Desert.

The eastern portion of the area contains the volcanic Pinacate Peaks region; together with the western portion, the area forms the El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Pinacate Peaks
The Pinacate Peaks (Sierra Pinacate) are a group of volcanic peaks and cinder cones located mostly in the Mexican state of Sonora along the international border adjacent to the U.S. state of Arizona, surrounded by the vast sand dune field of the Gran Desierto de Altar, at the desert's southeast.

The Spanish name for the Pinacate Peaks geographic feature is the Sierra Pinacate, which is used in their homeland of Mexico.