hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Union (Israel)
The National Union (Hebrew: האיחוד הלאומי, HaIhud HaLeumi) was an alliance of right-wing and nationalist political parties in Israel. In its final full form, the alliance consisted of four parties: Moledet, Hatikva, Eretz Yisrael Shelanu, and Tkuma. Leading up to the 2013 Knesset elections, only Tkuma remained, and joined The Jewish Home. During its existence, it had also included Ahi, Herut – The National Movement, the Jewish National Front, and Yisrael Beiteinu.

Ahi (political party)
Ahi (Hebrew: אח"י, lit. 'My Brother'), an acronym for Eretz Hevra Yahadut (lit. 'Land, Society, Judaism'), is a right-wing religious Zionist political party in Israel. Founded in 2005, it was part of the National Union alliance between 2006 and 2008. For the 2009 elections, it ran a joint list with Likud.
Somerset Senior Cup
The Somerset Senior Cup is an annual rugby union knock-out club competition organised by the Somerset Rugby Football Union. First contested between 1906-07 and 1913-14, it was reintroduced during the 1970–71 season, with the winners being Bath.  It is the most important rugby union cup competition in Somerset, ahead of the Somerset Vase.

The Senior Cup is currently open to club sides based in Somerset and parts of Bristol who play between tier 4 (National League 2 South) and tier 7 (Tribute Western Counties North) of the English rugby union league system.  A non-league 2nd XV from the University of Bath has also taken part in the competition in recent years but this is the only 2nd team to take part as the Senior Cup is only open to 1st teams. The format is a knockout cup with a first round, quarter-finals, semi-finals and a final to be held at a neutral venue between March–May.

Somerset Senior Vase
The Somerset Senior Vase is an annual rugby union knock-out club competition organized by the Somerset Rugby Football Union.  It was first introduced during the 2005-06 season, with the inaugural winners being St Bernadette's.  It is the second most important rugby union cup competition in Somerset, behind the Senior Cup.

The Senior Vase is currently open to club sides based in Somerset and parts of Bristol that are outside of the top 16 teams in the county, typically playing in tier 7 (Counties 1), tier 8 (Counties 2) and tier 9 (Somerset 1) of the English rugby union league system.  While the Somerset leagues have 1st and 2nd XV taking part in league games, like the Somerset Senior Cup, the Vase only allows 1st teams to enter.  The format is a knockout cup with a quarter-finals, semi-finals and a final to be held at a neutral venue between March–May.
Charles Street Meeting House
The Charles Street Meeting House is an early-nineteenth-century historic church in Beacon Hill at 70 Charles Street, Boston, Massachusetts.

The church has been used over its history by several Christian denominations, including Baptists, the First African Methodist Episcopal Church, and Unitarian Universalist. In the 1980s, it was renovated and adapted for use as office space, with the exterior restored and preserved. This project received awards from the National Trust for Historic Preservation and the American Institute of Architects.

The meeting house is a site on the National Park Service's Black Heritage Trail and is part of the Beacon Hill Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Charles Street African Methodist Episcopal Church
Charles Street African Methodist Episcopal Church is an historic African Methodist Episcopal Church at 551 Warren Street in Boston, Massachusetts. The current church building (originally All Souls Unitarian Church)  was built in 1888 by J. Williams Beal and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
Happy Is the Bride
Happy Is the Bride is a 1958 black and white British comedy film written and directed by Roy Boulting and starring Ian Carmichael, Janette Scott, Cecil Parker, Terry-Thomas and Joyce Grenfell. It is based on the 1938 play Quiet Wedding by Esther McCracken, previously filmed in 1941.

Quiet Wedding
Quiet Wedding is a 1941 British romantic comedy film directed by Anthony Asquith and starring Margaret Lockwood, Derek Farr and Marjorie Fielding. The screenplay was written by Terence Rattigan and Anatole de Grunwald based on the play Quiet Wedding by Esther McCracken. The film was remade in 1958 as Happy Is the Bride.
Laurel Race Track station
Laurel Race Track is a passenger rail station on the MARC Camden Line between the District of Columbia's Washington Union Station and Baltimore's Camden Station. The station was built in 1911, by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, to serve the Laurel Park race track, as is indicated by the station's eponymous name.

The station and race track are just northeast of Laurel, Maryland, United States. Since the railroad tracks at the station form a geographical boundary, one station platform is in Howard County and the other (unused by MARC) is in Anne Arundel County.

Service at this station is very limited.  Only evening south/westbound trains (to Washington) stop at this station, and it is a flag stop, meaning that trains only stop if passengers need to get on or off.

Laurel Park (race track)
Laurel Park, formerly Laurel Race Course, is an American thoroughbred racetrack located just outside Laurel, Maryland which opened in 1911.  The track is 1+1⁄8 miles in circumference. Its name was changed to "Laurel Race Course" for several decades until returning to the "Laurel Park" designation in 1994.

In April 2024 the Maryland General Assembly approved a bill that would consolidate thoroughbred racing in Maryland to Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. Laurel Park is expected to host the 2026 Preakness Stakes, and was then to permanently close for racing once renovations at Pimlico were completed. In January 2026, Maryland officials announced that they had reached an agreement to purchase Laurel Park from the Stronach Group for $50 million, with plans to convert it into a horse training center.
Military Council (Georgia)
The Military Council of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს რესპუბლიკის სამხედრო საბჭო, romanized: sakartvelos resp'ublik'is samkhedro sabch'o) was the ruling military junta of the Government of Georgia which was established on January 2, 1992, during the coup d'état in Republic of Georgia. It was an unconstitutional body that served as the leadership of the country for just over 2 months. The council announced the overthrow of President Zviad Gamsakhurdia and served as the collective head of state from January 6, 1992, until March 10 of that year, when the military council was replaced by the State Council led by Eduard Shevardnadze. The full composition of the Military Council was never published, with all orders and resolutions being signed by Tengiz Kitovani and Jaba Ioseliani on behalf of the council.

State Council of the Republic of Georgia
State Council of the Republic of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს რესპუბლიკის სახელმწიფო საბჭო, romanized: sakartvelos resp'ublik'is sakhelmts'ipo sabch'o)  was a temporary supreme governing body of the country, which was established in 1992 after the self-liquidation of the Military Council of the Republic of Georgia.
Phonte
Phonte Lyshod Coleman, known mononymously as Phonte (born December 28, 1978), is an American rapper, singer, producer, actor, and voice over artist. He is a member of the North Carolina hip-hop trio/duo Little Brother and one-half of the duo The Foreign Exchange. His music spans multiple genres including R&B, hip-hop, house and electronic music.

Little Brother (group)
Little Brother were an American hip-hop duo from Durham, North Carolina, that consists of rappers Phonte and Big Pooh. DJ and producer 9th Wonder was an original member of the group but departed in 2007. The group has produced five acclaimed studio albums and six mixtapes. Little Brother is highly regarded among hip-hop fans and critics.
Intervac International
Intervac International (short for International Vacation) is a service used to arrange home exchanges.

Founded in 1953 in Switzerland by several teachers that wanted to travel internationally with a limited budget during their summer vacations, Intervac was the first home exchange network.

Home exchange
Home exchange, also known as house swapping, is a form of lodging in which two parties agree to offer each other homestays for a set period of time. Since no monetary exchange takes place, it is a form of barter, collaborative consumption, and sharing. Home exchange can cover any type of residence including apartments, houses, holiday cottages, boats, or recreational vehicles. It can include an exchange of the entire home or just a room. The length of the swap can vary from a weekend to over a year. The swap can be simultaneous or non simultaneous. Home exchanges are usually arranged via specific types of social networking services, most of which charge a fee.

Like all homestays, home exchanges offer several advantages over hotel lodging, including a lower cost and opportunities for cultural diplomacy and friendship.

Some networks offer the ability to collect a security deposit.

Summer is traditionally the peak season for house swapping, as families travel during school breaks.
Thuringian Forest
The Thuringian Forest (Thüringer Wald in German pronounced [ˈtyːʁɪŋɐ ˈvalt] ⓘ) is a mountain range in the southern parts of the German state of Thuringia, running northwest to southeast.  Skirting from its southerly source in foothills to a gorge on its north-west side is the Werra valley.  On the other side of the Forest is an upper outcrop of the North German Plain, the Thuringian Basin, which includes the city of Erfurt.  The south and south-east continuation of the range is the highland often called the Thuringian-Vogtlandian Slate Mountains.

Among scattered foothills at its northern foot are the towns Eisenach, Gotha and Arnstadt. The towns of Ilmenau and Suhl sit in slight dips on the range itself to the north and south respectively.

Thuringian Highland
The Thuringian Highland, Thuringian Highlands or Thuringian-Vogtlandian Slate Mountains (German: Thüringer Schiefergebirge [ˈtyːʁɪŋɐ ˈʃiːfɐɡəˌbɪʁɡə] ⓘ or Thüringisches Schiefergebirge [ˈtyːʁɪŋɪʃəs -], literally "Thuringian Slate Hills") is a low range of mountains in the German state of Thuringia.
Triarii
Triarii (sg.: triarius) ("the third liners") were one of the elements of the early Roman military manipular legions of the early Roman Republic (509 BC – 107 BC). They were the oldest and among the wealthiest men in the army and could afford high quality equipment. They wore heavy metal armor and carried large shields, their usual position being the third battle line. They were equipped with spears and were considered to be elite soldiers among the legion.

During the Camillan era, they fought in a shallow phalanx formation, supported by light troops. In most battles triarii were not used because the lighter troops usually defeated the enemy before the triarii were committed to the battle. They were meant to be used as a decisive force in the battle, thus prompting an old Roman saying: res ad triarios venit, 'it comes down to the triarii', which meant carrying on to the bitter end.

Maniple (military unit)
Maniple (Latin: manipulus; lit. 'a handful [of soldiers]') was a tactical unit of the Roman Republican armies, adopted during the Samnite Wars (343–290 BC). It was also the name of the military insignia carried by such units.

Maniple members, called commanipulares (sg.: commanipularis) were seen as each other's brothers-in-arms, but without the domestic closeness of the eight-man contubernium.

Cohorts replaced maniples as organisational units.
Table canon
A Table canon is a retrograde and inverse canon meant to be placed on a table in between two musicians, who both read the same line of music in opposite directions. As both parts are included in each single line, a second line is not needed. Bach's The Musical Offering contains a table canon.

Crab canon
A crab canon (also known by the Latin form of the name, canon cancrizans; as well as retrograde canon, canon per recte et retro or canon per rectus et inversus) is an arrangement of two musical lines that are complementary and backward. If the two lines were placed next to each other (as opposed to stacked), the lines would form something conceptually similar to a palindrome. The name 'crab' refers to the fact that crabs are known to walk backward (although they can also walk forward and sideways). It originally referred to a kind of canon in which one line is played backward (e.g. FABACEAE played simultaneously with EAECABAF). An example is found in J. S. Bach's The Musical Offering, which also contains a table canon ("Quaerendo invenietis"), which combines retrogression with inversion by having one player turn the music upside down.
East Midlands/Leicestershire 4
East Midlands/Leicestershire 4 was a tier 13 English Rugby Union league with teams from Bedfordshire, parts of Cambridgeshire, Leicestershire and Northamptonshire taking part.  Promoted teams moved up to East Midlands/Leicestershire 3 and there was no relegation.  At the end of the 1995–96 season the division was cancelled following the splitting of the East Midlands and Leicestershire leagues.

East Midlands Rugby Football Union
The East Midlands Rugby Football Union (EMRFU) is a governing body for rugby union in part of The Midlands, England. The union is the constituent body of the Rugby Football Union for the counties of Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire and the Huntingdonshire and Peterborough districts of Cambridgeshire and administers and organises rugby union clubs and competitions in those areas.  It also administers the East Midlands county rugby representative teams.
Easington Gas Terminal
The Easington Gas Terminal is one of six main gas terminals in the UK, and is situated on the North Sea coast at Easington, East Riding of Yorkshire and Dimlington. The other main gas terminals are at St Fergus, Aberdeenshire; Bacton, Norfolk; Teesside; Theddlethorpe, Lincolnshire (now demolished) and Rampside gas terminal, Barrow, Cumbria. The whole site consists of four plants: two run by Perenco, one by Centrica and one by Gassco. The Easington Gas Terminals are protected by Civil Nuclear Constabulary officers and are provided with resources by the Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure.

Bacton Gas Terminal
The Bacton Gas Terminal is a complex of six gas terminals within four sites located on the North Sea coast of North Norfolk in the United Kingdom. The sites are near Paston and between Bacton and Mundesley; the nearest town is North Walsham. Bacton Gas Terminal is protected by the Civil Nuclear Constabulary.

The other main UK gas terminals which receive gas from the UK continental shelf are at St Fergus, Aberdeenshire; Easington, East Riding of Yorkshire; Theddlethorpe, Lincolnshire (now decommissioned); CATS Terminal, Teesside; and Rampside gas terminal, Barrow, Cumbria.
South African abseil
The South African Abseil or South African Double Roped Classical Abseil is a modern variation of the non-mechanical classical abseil method used by mountaineers and rock climbers to quickly descend steep terrain by sliding down a rope wrapped around their body to create controlled friction.

Abseiling
Abseiling (/ˈæbseɪl/ AB-sayl or /ˈɑːpzaɪl/ AHP-zyle; from German  abseilen 'to rope down'), also known as rappelling (/ˈræpɛl/ RAP-pell or /rəˈpɛl/ rə-PELL; from French  rappeler 'to recall, to pull through'), is the controlled descent of a steep slope, such as a rock face, by moving down a rope. When abseiling, the person descending controls their own movement down a static or fixed rope, in contrast to lowering off, in which the rope attached to the person descending is payed out by their belayer.
Out-of-bag error
Out-of-bag (OOB) error, also called out-of-bag estimate, is a method of measuring the prediction error of random forests, boosted decision trees, and other machine learning models utilizing bootstrap aggregating (bagging). Bagging uses subsampling with replacement to create training samples for the model to learn from. OOB error is the mean prediction error on each training sample xi, using only the trees that did not have xi in their bootstrap sample.

Bootstrap aggregating allows one to define an out-of-bag estimate of the prediction performance improvement by evaluating predictions on those observations that were not used in the building of the next base learner.

Bootstrap aggregating
Bootstrap aggregating, also called bagging (from bootstrap aggregating) or bootstrapping, is a machine learning (ML) ensemble meta-algorithm designed to improve the stability and accuracy of ML classification and regression algorithms. It also reduces variance and overfitting. Although it is usually applied to decision tree methods, it can be used with any type of method. Bagging is a special case of the ensemble averaging approach.
Kumbha Shyam Temple, Chittorgarh
Kumbha Shyam Temple Chittorgarh was constructed by Maharana Sangram Singh I, the ruler of Mewar (1482–1528), on the special request of Mirabai, his daughter-in-law. It was used as a private worship place to chant the name of Krishna by his devotee Mirabai.The grand structure of the temple, with a pyramidal tower, high roofs, and archways, is installed with idols of many Hindu gods and goddesses.

In the vicinity of Kumbha Shyama Temple, there is a chhatri constructed in memory of Meera Bai's guru named Ravidass. This chattri, located opposite the main temple, preserves the impression of Guru Ravidass's footprints.

Ravidas
Ravidas or Raidas was an Indian mystic poet-saint of the Bhakti movement during the 15th to 16th century CE. Venerated as a guru (spiritual teacher) in the modern regions of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, and Haryana, he was a poet, social reformer and spiritual figure.

The life details of Ravidas are uncertain and contested. Some scholars believe he was born in 1433 CE.  He taught removal of social divisions of caste and gender, and promoted unity in the pursuit of personal spiritual freedom.

Ravidas's devotional verses were included in the Sikh scriptures known as Guru Granth Sahib. The Panch Vani text of the Dadu Panthi tradition within Hinduism also includes numerous poems of Ravidas. He is also the central figure within the Ravidassia religious movement.

Mainstream Sikhs consider him to be a bhagat whilst break-away Ravidassias consider him to be a guru.
Battle of Bucaramanga (1899)
The Battle of Bucaramanga (Spanish: Batalla de Bucaramanga) took place during the Santander Campaign of the Thousand Days' War in Colombia. It ended on 13 November 1899 with a victory of the Conservative forces over the Liberals after a two day battle. After an earlier defeat in a naval engagement on the Magdalena River, the Liberal rebels skirmished with the Conservative government around Piedecuesta in late October. The Conservative forces under General Juan B. Tovar conducted a fighting retreat to Bucaramanga.

At the start of November 1899, Liberal troops under General Benjamín Herrera seized Cúcuta from the Conservative garrison under Luis Morales Berti, providing a strategic base of operations for the rebels in Santander. Liberal General Rafael Uribe Uribe's forces soon advanced on Bucaramanga. They were ultimately repelled by Conservative General Vicente Villamizar, losing 1,000 dead and 500 wounded.

Battle of Magdalena River
The Battle of the Magdalena River (Spanish: Batalla del río Magdalena), also known as the Battle of Los Obispos or the Battle of Gamarra, was the first major battle of the Thousand Days' War. It took place on the Magdalena River on 24 October 1899, near the town of Gamarra, Magdalena (modern-day department of Cesar), Colombia. The Liberal Party rebelled against the Conservative government of Manuel Antonio Sanclemente on 17 October 1899 and attempted to seize the Magdalena River in a bid to sever riverine transportation to Bogotá. A rebel flotilla composed of converted passenger steamships and a dredge temporarily impeded Conservative advances down the river, but on the night of 24 October, two Conservative gunboats under General Diego de Castro destroyed the rebel flotilla.
Sentencing and Parole Reform Act 2010
The Sentencing and Parole Reform Act 2010 was an Act of Parliament in New Zealand that denied parole to repeat violent offenders, and imposed maximum terms of imprisonment on repeat offenders who commit three serious violent offences - unless it would be manifestly unjust. The law was known informally in New Zealand public, media and government circles as the "three-strikes law".

The bill passed its third reading on 25 May 2010. It was supported by the conservative National and libertarian ACT parties but was opposed by the Labour, Green, and Māori parties. It became law when it received royal assent on 31 May 2010.

It led to some anomalous sentencing outcomes with questionable evidence that it helped to reduce violent offending. It was repealed on 9 August 2022, by the Sixth Labour Government. On 13 December 2024, the Sixth National Government passed legislation reinstating a three-strikes sentencing regime in New Zealand.

Sentencing (Reinstating Three Strikes) Amendment Act 2024
The Sentencing (Reinstating Three Strikes) Amendment Act 2024 is a New Zealand Act of Parliament that restores the three-strikes sentencing regime that was repealed in 2022. The bill would cover 42 serious violent and sexual offenses including new strangulation and suffocation offences. The Reinstating Three Strikes Bill is one of the key policies of the Sixth National Government that was elected following the 2023 New Zealand general election. On 13 December, the legislation passed into law with the support of the governing National, ACT and New Zealand First parties. The bill came into force on 17 June 2025.
Furness line
The Furness line is a British railway between Barrow-in-Furness and Carnforth, where it joins the West Coast Main Line. It serves various towns along the Furness coast, including Barrow-in-Furness, Ulverston and Grange-over-Sands.

The line serves primarily passenger traffic, with regional rail services operated by Northern from Manchester Airport, Preston and Lancaster. The majority of services along the line terminate at Barrow-in-Furness, however some services continue along the Cumbrian Coast Line to Millom, Whitehaven and Carlisle.

The line also sees regular freight traffic serving the Port of Barrow and Sellafield. The line was designated a community rail partnership by the Department for Transport in 2012.

Cumbrian Coast Line
The Cumbrian Coast Line is a rail route in North West England, running from Carlisle to Barrow-in-Furness via Workington and Whitehaven. The line forms part of Network Rail route NW 4033, which continues (as the Furness line) via Ulverston and Grange-over-Sands to Carnforth, where it connects with the West Coast Main Line.
Al-Muqtafi
Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Mustazhir (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد بن أحمد المستظهر; 9 April 1096 – 12 March 1160), better known by his regnal name al-Muqtafi li-Amr Allah (المقتفي لأمر الله), was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1136 to 1160, succeeding his nephew al-Rashid, who had been forced to abdicate by the Seljuks. The continued disunion and contests between Seljuk Turks afforded al-Muqtafi opportunity of not only maintaining his authority in Baghdad, but also extending it throughout Iraq.

Al-Rashid Billah
Abu Ja'far al-Mansur ibn al-Faḍl al-Mustarshid bi'llah (Arabic: أبو جعفر المنصور بن الفضل المسترشد بالله; 1109 – 6 June 1138) usually known by his regnal name Al-Rashid bi'llah (Arabic: الراشد بالله) was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1135 to 1136. He succeeded his father al-Mustarshid in the year 1135. He ruled for just one year from 1135 up to his deposition on 17 August 1136 when the populace of Baghdad rose in revolt against him.