hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cementite
Cementite (or iron carbide) is a compound of iron and carbon, more precisely an intermediate transition metal carbide with the formula Fe3C. By weight, it is 6.67% carbon and 93.3% iron. It has an orthorhombic crystal structure. It is a hard, brittle material, normally classified as a ceramic in its pure form, and is a frequently found and important constituent in ferrous metallurgy. While cementite is present in most steels and cast irons, it is produced as a raw material in the iron carbide process, which belongs to the family of alternative ironmaking technologies. The name cementite originated from the theory of Floris Osmond and J. Werth, in which the structure of solidified steel consists of a kind of cellular tissue, with ferrite as the nucleus and Fe3C the envelope of the cells. The carbide therefore cemented the iron.

Allotropes of iron
At atmospheric pressure, three allotropic forms of iron exist, depending on temperature: alpha iron (α-Fe, ferrite), gamma iron (γ-Fe, austenite), and delta iron (δ-Fe, similar to alpha iron). At very high pressure, a fourth form exists, epsilon iron (ε-Fe, hexaferrum). Some controversial experimental evidence suggests the existence of a fifth high-pressure form that is stable at very high pressures and temperatures.

The phases of iron at atmospheric pressure are important because of the differences in solubility of carbon, forming different types of steel. The high-pressure phases of iron are important as models for the solid parts of planetary cores. The inner core of the Earth is generally assumed to consist essentially of a crystalline iron-nickel alloy with ε structure. The outer core surrounding the solid inner core is believed to be composed of liquid iron mixed with nickel and trace amounts of lighter elements.
Cornish engine valve gear
Valve gear opens and closes valves in the correct order. In rotating engines valve timings can be driven by eccentrics or cranks, but in non-rotative beam engines these options are not available. In the Cornish engine valves are driven either manually or through ‘plug rods’ and tappets driven from the beam. This permits the insertions of delays at various points in the cycle, allowing a Cornish Engine to vary from one stroke in ten minutes, to ten or more strokes in one minute,: 72  but also leads to some less familiar components when compared with rotative engines.

Cornish engine
A Cornish engine is a type of steam engine developed in Cornwall, England, mainly for pumping water from a mine.  It is a form of beam engine that uses steam at a higher pressure than the earlier engines designed by James Watt.  The engines were also used for powering man engines to assist the underground miners' journeys to and from their working levels, for winching materials into and out of the mine, and for powering on-site ore stamping machinery.
Joan Copeland
Joan Maxine Kupchik (née Miller; June 1, 1922 – January 4, 2022), known professionally as Joan Copeland, was an American actress. She was the younger sister of playwright Arthur Miller. She began her career during the mid-1940s, appearing in theatre in New York City, where, shortly thereafter, she would become one of the first members admitted to the newly formed Actors Studio. She moved into television and film during the 1950s while still maintaining an active stage career. She is best known for her performances in the 1977 Broadway revival of Pal Joey and her award-winning performance in the 1981 play The American Clock. She also played a number of prominent roles on various soap operas throughout her career, including Andrea Whiting on Search for Tomorrow and Gwendolyn Lord Abbott on One Life to Live. She voiced Tanana in Brother Bear.

Arthur Miller
Arthur Asher Miller (October 17, 1915 – February 10, 2005) was an American actor and writer of plays in the 20th-century American theater. Among his most popular plays are All My Sons (1947), Death of a Salesman (1949), The Crucible (1953), and A View from the Bridge (1955). He wrote several screenplays, including The Misfits (1961). The drama Death of a Salesman is considered one of the best American plays of the 20th century.

Miller was often in the public eye, particularly during the late 1940s, 1950s and early 1960s. During this time, he received a Pulitzer Prize for Drama, testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee, and married Marilyn Monroe. In 1980, he received the St. Louis Literary Award from the Saint Louis University Library Associates. He received the Praemium Imperiale prize in 2001, the Prince of Asturias Award in 2002, and the Jerusalem Prize in 2003, and the Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize in 1999.
Hosts (file)
The computer file hosts is an operating system file that maps hostnames to IP addresses. It is a plain text file. Originally a file named HOSTS.TXT was manually maintained and made available via file sharing by Stanford Research Institute for the ARPANET membership, containing the hostnames and address of hosts as contributed for inclusion by member organizations. The Domain Name System, first described in 1983 and implemented in 1984, automated the publication process and provided instantaneous and dynamic hostname resolution in the rapidly growing network. In modern operating systems, the hosts file remains an alternative name resolution mechanism, configurable often as part of facilities such as the Name Service Switch as either the primary method or as a fallback method.

Name Service Switch
The Name Service Switch (NSS) is a feature found in the standard C library of various Unix-like operating systems that connects a computer with a variety of sources of common configuration databases and name resolution mechanisms. These sources include local operating system files (such as /etc/passwd, /etc/group, and /etc/hosts), the Domain Name System (DNS), the Network Information Service (NIS, NIS+), and LDAP.
Female seminary
A female seminary is a private educational institution for women, popular especially in the United States in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when opportunities in educational institutions for women were scarce. The movement was a significant part of a remarkable transformation in American education in the period 1820–1850. Supporting academic education for women, the seminaries were part of a large and growing trend toward  women's equality. Some trace its roots to 1815, and characterize it as at the confluence of various liberation movements. Some of the seminaries gradually developed as four-year colleges.

Women's education in the United States
In the early colonial history of the United States, higher education was designed for men only. Since the 1800s, women's positions and opportunities in the educational sphere have increased. Since the late 1970s and early 1980s, women have surpassed men in number of bachelor's degrees and master's degrees conferred annually in the United States and women have continuously been the growing majority ever since, with men comprising a continuously lower minority in earning either degree. The same asymmetry has occurred with Doctorate degrees since 2005 with women being the continuously growing majority and men a continuously lower minority.
Lars Horntveth
Lars Horntveth (born 10 March 1980) is a Norwegian musician (saxophones, clarinet, percussion and guitar), band leader, and composer. He was born in Tønsberg, the younger brother of tubaist Line Horntveth, but best known as a key member of the bands Jaga Jazzist and The National Bank, together with his brother, drummer Martin Horntveth.

Jaga Jazzist
Jaga Jazzist (also known as Jaga) is a Norwegian experimental jazz band, that rose to prominence when the BBC named their second album, A Livingroom Hush (Smalltown Supersound/Ninja Tune), the best jazz album of 2002.
Cotton (series)
Cotton (Japanese: コットン, Hepburn: Kotton) is a series of shoot 'em up video games developed by Success. The series debuted with Cotton: Fantastic Night Dreams in 1991 and has spanned a history of releases in arcades and on consoles. The Cotton games helped establish the cute 'em up subgenre. Instead of warships and battlefields typical of most shoot 'em ups, Cotton games put players in control of a witch riding on a broom and tasks them with fighting through magical haunted kingdoms. Seven games were released between 1991 and 2003. Following an 18-year gap, the series was reintroduced with Cotton Reboot! and Cotton Fantasy: Superlative Night Dreams (titled Cotton Rock 'n' Roll: Superlative Night Dreams in Japan) in 2021.

Cotton: Fantastic Night Dreams
Cotton: Fantastic Night Dreams is a 1991 scrolling shooter video game developed by Success and published by Sega for Japanese arcades. The first installment in the Cotton series, players assume the role of the young witch Cotton who, alongside her fairy companion Silk, sets out on her broomstick on a quest to defeat several monsters and get her Willow candy. Its gameplay mainly consists of shooting mixed with role-playing elements using a main two-button configuration. It ran on the Sega System 16 hardware.

Cotton was later ported to multiple platforms, each one featuring several changes or additions compared with the original version. Cotton proved to be popular among players in Japanese arcades, earning several awards from Gamest magazine; however, the console ports have been met with mixed reception from critics. It is regarded as a key title in the "cute 'em up" sub-genre. On November 28, 2024, the arcade version of the game was ported as part of the Arcade Archives series.
Baldi's Basics in Education and Learning
Baldi's Basics in Education and Learning is a 2018 puzzle game developed and published by Micah McGonigal. Disguised as an educational game, it parodies 1990s educational games by deconstructing their elements into metafictional horror. It's set in a schoolhouse, where the objective is to locate and collect notebooks, escape the school to take them to the player's friend who lost them, and avoid being caught by Baldi. It features many game modes that change gameplay subtly or drastically.

Inspired by Sonic's Schoolhouse (1996), Baldi's Basics was developed for the Meta Game Jam in 2018 and released on Itch.io. It was received positively by journalists and critics for its gameplay, presentation and satire of the educational video game genre, but it was criticized for the lack of a save system and its difficulty. It was proved to be highly successful and expanded upon in the form of successors such as Baldi's Basics Plus in 2020 and Baldi's Basics Classic Remastered in 2022.

Educational games in the Sonic the Hedgehog series
As the Sonic the Hedgehog series of platform games has grown in popularity, its publisher Sega has expanded the franchise into multiple different genres. Among these are several educational video games designed to appeal to young children. The first attempt to create an educational Sonic game was Tiertex Design Studios' Sonic's Edusoft for the Master System in late 1991, which was canceled despite having been nearly finished. When Sega launched the Sega Pico in 1994, it released Sonic the Hedgehog's Gameworld and Tails and the Music Maker for it. Orion Interactive also developed the 1996 Sega PC game Sonic's Schoolhouse, which used a 3D game engine and had an exceptionally large marketing budget. In the mid-2000s, LeapFrog Enterprises released educational Sonic games for its Leapster and LeapFrog Didj.
Tomb of Asif Khan
The tomb of Asif Khan (Urdu: مقبرۂ آصف خان) is a 17th-century mausoleum located in Shahdara Bagh, in the city of Lahore, in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It was built for the Mughal statesman Mirza Abul Hassan Jah, who was titled Asif Khan. Asif Khan was brother of Nur Jahan, and brother-in-law to the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. Asif Khan's tomb is located adjacent to the Tomb of Jahangir, and near the Tomb of Nur Jahan. Asif Khan's tomb was built in a Central Asian architectural style, and stands in the centre of a Persian-style Charbagh garden.

Tomb of Jahangir
The Mughal emperor Jahangir is buried in a mausoleum dating from 1637 in Shahdara Bagh, along the western bank of the Ravi River, in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The site is famous for its interiors that are extensively embellished with frescoes and marble, and its exterior that is richly decorated with pietra dura. The tomb, along with the adjacent Akbari Sarai and the Tomb of Asif Khan, are part of an ensemble currently on the tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage status.
Intus
Intus was a traditional pre-colonial Filipino alcoholic drink from the Visayas Islands and Mindanao. It was made by boiling sugarcane juice until it reduces to a thick syrup. It was then allowed to cool and mixed with the bark of the kabarawan tree (Neolitsea villosa) and fermented. The word intus (or initus) means "reduced" or "liquid thickened by boiling", from the Old Visayan verb itus ("to reduce"). Like the kabarawan drink, intus is extinct. The tradition was lost during the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. Among the Lumad people of Mindanao, intus was flavored with langkawas (Alpinia galanga) or pal-la (Cordyline fruticosa) roots.

Kabarawan
Kabarawan was a traditional pre-colonial Filipino mead-like alcoholic drink. It was made from boiling the ground up aromatic bark of the kabarawan tree (Neolitsea villosa) until it was reduced to a thick paste. It was then mixed with an equal amount of honey and fermented. It was traditionally consumed from jars with reed or bamboo straws. The wine was mentioned by early Spanish colonists as being made by the Visayan people. However, the tradition has been lost in modern times. Kabarawan tree bark is also used to flavor other types of native wines, like intus and basi, which are both made from sugarcane juice.
Paul Lambert (Emmerdale)
Paul Lambert is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Emmerdale, played by Mathew Bose. Paul appeared between 2004 and 2009. He arrives as the son of existing characters Val Lambert (Charlie Hardwick) and Rodney Blackstock (Patrick Mower), and in 2008, Paul, who is openly gay, enters into a civil partnership with Jonny Foster, the first of any primetime soap opera. The character departed in 2009, but made brief returns in 2010, and in March and September in 2015.

Jonny Foster
Jonathan "Jonny" Foster is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Emmerdale, played by Richard Grieve. He appeared from 2007 to 2008 and in 2009. Openly gay, in 2008 Jonny enters into a civil partnership with Paul Lambert (Mathew Bose), the first of any primetime soap opera.
Wayne Busette
The Wayne Busette is a minibus that was assembled by Wayne Corporation. The Busette was first introduced as a compact school bus in 1974. The school bus body was designed to fit on a Chevrolet, Ford, or GMC chassis.

One of the first examples produced with a cutaway van chassis, the Busette mated a purpose-built school bus body with a dual rear-wheel van chassis. In North America, this configuration is now preferred by manufacturers for many other types of minibuses in addition to school buses.

Based on General Motors, Ford, and Dodge van chassis, the Wayne Busette was assembled in Richmond, Indiana, alongside the Wayne Lifeguard and Wayne Lifestar.

School bus
A school bus is any type of bus owned, leased, contracted to, or operated by a school or school district. It is regularly used to transport students to and from school or school-related activities, but not including a charter bus or transit bus. Various configurations of school buses are used worldwide; the most iconic examples are the yellow school buses of the United States which are also found in other parts of the world, including Canada.

In North America, school buses are purpose-built vehicles distinguished from other types of buses by design characteristics mandated by federal and state/provincial regulations. In addition to their distinct paint color (National School Bus Glossy Yellow), school buses are fitted with exterior warning lights (to give them traffic priority) and multiple safety devices.
Institute of Highway Engineers
The Institute of Highway Engineers (IHE), formerly the Institute of Highway Incorporated Engineers, is the professional institution for practitioners in highway and traffic engineering in the UK, offering Engineering Council registration and professional development support.

The Institute of Highway Incorporated Engineers was founded in 1965, changing its name to the Institute of Highway Engineers in 2009.

It has been registering engineers and technicians with the Engineering Council since 1972 and accrediting academic courses since 1989. The Institute awards the professional qualifications: Incorporated Engineer, Engineering Technician and Chartered Engineer.

Engineering Council
The Engineering Council (formerly Engineering Council UK; colloquially known as EngC) is the UK's regulatory authority for registration of Chartered and Incorporated engineers and engineering technician. The Engineering Council holds the national registers of over 228,000 Engineering Technicians (EngTech), Incorporated Engineers (IEng), Chartered Engineers (CEng) and Information and Communications Technology Technicians (ICTTech). The Engineering Council is also responsible for establishing and upholding globally acknowledged benchmarks of professional competence and ethical conduct, which govern the award and retention of these titles. This guarantees that employers, government bodies, and the broader society, both within the UK and abroad, can place their trust in the expertise, experience, and dedication of engineers and technicians who are professionally registered with the Engineering Council.
Nahe (Rhine)
The Nahe (German pronunciation: [ˈnaːə] ⓘ) is a river in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Germany, a left tributary to the Rhine. It has also given name to the wine region Nahe situated around it.

The name Nahe is derived from the Latin word Nava, which is supposed to be based upon the Celtic origin for the wild river. The Nahe separates the northern part of the Palatinate from the Hunsrück.

It rises in the area of Nohfelden (Saarland) at the district of Selbach, flowing through Rhineland-Palatinate and joining the Rhine in Bingen. Its length is 125 kilometres (78 mi). Towns along the Nahe include Idar-Oberstein, Kirn, Bad Kreuznach and Bingen.

Nahe (wine region)
Nahe (German pronunciation: [ˈnaːə] ⓘ) is a region (Anbaugebiet) for quality wine in Germany, along the River Nahe in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate. On the region's 4,155 hectares (10,270 acres) of vineyards in 2008, white wine grapes dominate with 75% and Riesling is the most common variety with 27.2%. A characteristic of the Nahe region is that the soils are very varied owing to the region's volcanic origins.

Although the region was populated already in Roman times, and the village of Monzingen was mentioned as a wine village as early as 778, the Nahe wine region was defined only with the 1971 German wine law. Before that, the wines were sold as plain "Rhine wine". In recent decades, several Nahe producers have made a name for themselves with Riesling wines that have been rated very highly by international wine critics, and have come to be seen as being on par with the best wines of Moselle and Rheingau wines.
Winter Stadium
Winter Stadium (Hebrew: אצטדיון וינטר Etztadion Vinter) is a stadium in Tel Aviv District city of Ramat Gan, Israel.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Hakoah Amidar Ramat Gan.

Hakoah Amidar Ramat Gan F.C.
Hakoah Maccabi Amidar Ramat Gan Football Club (Hebrew: מועדון כדורגל הכח מכבי עמידר רמת גן) is an Israeli football club based in Ramat Gan. The club is currently in Liga Alef South division and plays at the Winter Stadium in Ramat Shikma, a neighbourhood of Ramat Gan.
Johnson County, Indiana
Johnson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2020, the population was 161,765.  The county seat is Franklin. Johnson County is included in the Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Franklin, Indiana
Franklin is a city in Johnson County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, Franklin had a population of 25,313. Located about 20 miles (32 km) south of Indianapolis, the city is the county seat of Johnson County. The site of Franklin College, the city attracts numerous regional sports fans for the college teams, as well as audiences for its art events.
Chōsokabe Chikatada
Chōsokabe Chikatada (長宗我部 親忠, 1572–1600) was a Japanese samurai of the Azuchi–Momoyama period. He was the third son of Chōsokabe Motochika, the lord of Tosa Province. He became the adopted son of Tsuno Katsuoki, taking the name Tsuno Chikatada (津野 親忠).

In 1600, Chikatada executed by order of his younger brother Chōsokabe Morichika, who had questioned his right to be Motochika's heir, as ruler of Tosa Province.

Chōsokabe Motochika
Chōsokabe Motochika (長宗我部 元親; 1539 – July 11, 1599) was a daimyō in Japanese Sengoku-period. 
He was the 21st chief of the Chōsokabe clan of Tosa Province (present-day Kōchi Prefecture), the ruler of Shikoku region.
Changsha Experimental Primary School
Changsha Experimental Primary School (Chinese: 长沙市实验小学; pinyin: Chǎngshāshì Shíyàn Xiǎoxué) is a six - year public primary school located in Wangyue Subdistrict, Changsha, Hunan. It was formerly known as the First Elementary School of Hunan Province (湖南官立初等第一小学堂) founded in 1905 (31st year of Qing dynasty Guangxu). In December 1983, it was approved to change to the present name by the Changsha Municipal Government. It is an experimental, scientific and exemplary window school, the school is located at Block D of Bafang Residential Area, it is directly managed by the Changsha Municipal Bureau of Education.

Bafang Community
Bafang Community (Chinese: 八方社区; pinyin: Bāfāng Shèqū) is a community of Wangyue Subdistrict in Yuelu District, Changsha, China.

The community is located in the northeast of Wangyue Subdistrict and the east of Yuelu District, it is a pure residence with 4 blocks of residential area named Bafang Residential Area (Chinese: 八方小区) surrounded by four roads. The residential area of Bafang was named after Bafang Mountain (Chinese: 八方山), it was invested and developed by Changsha Jingfa Real Estate (Chinese: 长沙经发房地产) under Chanfine Group (Chinese: 长房集团). The community is bounded by Jinxing Road to the west, Chazishan Road to the north, Yuehua Road to the east and Dujuan Road to the south, it covers an area of about 0.8 square kilometer with households of 11,017.
Capanoğlu Süleyman Bey
Süleyman Bey  or Çapanoğlu Süleyman Bey was an Ottoman military leader and office holder from the Turkish Çapanoğlu family, one of the most powerful Ottoman dynasties of the 18th century. Under his guidance the family reached its peak of prominence.

As a member of the family, he was involved in their Feud with the Canikli, which he handled well. He helped Constantinople by providing food and soldiers from the family army, and in 1790 led 4000 soldiers to the front. He contributed to the development of his native Yozgat, expanding the family's mosque and building over 60 shops. He was among the prominent signatories of the Charter of Alliance.

Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
The Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 involved an unsuccessful attempt by the Ottoman Empire to regain lands lost to the Russian Empire in the course of the previous Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774). It took place concomitantly with the Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791), the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790), and the Theatre War.

During the Russian-Turkish War of 1787–1792, on 25 September 1789, a detachment of the Imperial Russian Army under Alexander Suvorov and Ivan Gudovich, took Khadjibey and Yeni Dünya for the Russian Empire. In 1794, Odesa replaced Khadjibey by a decree of the Russian Empress Catherine the Great.

Russia formally gained possession of the Sanjak of Özi (Ochakiv Oblast) in 1792 and it became a part of Yekaterinoslav Viceroyalty. The Russian Empire retained full control of Crimea, as well as land between the Southern Bug and the Dniester.