hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rose Hersee
Rose Hersee (13 December 1845 – 26 November 1924) was an English operatic soprano. She was a founder-member of the Carl Rosa Opera Company and later formed and performed in the Rose Hersee Opera Company.

Carl Rosa Opera Company
The Carl Rosa Opera Company was founded in 1873 by Carl Rosa, a German-born musical impresario, and his wife, British operatic soprano Euphrosyne Parepa-Rosa to present opera in English in London and the British provinces. The company premiered many operas in the UK, employing a mix of established opera stars and young singers, reaching new opera audiences with popularly priced tickets.  It survived Rosa's death in 1889, and continued to present opera in English on tour until 1960, when it was obliged to close for lack of funds. The company was revived in 1997, presenting mostly lighter operatic works including those by Gilbert and Sullivan. The company "was arguably the most influential opera company ever in the UK".
Monkey wrench
A monkey wrench is a type of smooth-jawed adjustable wrench, a 19th century American refinement of 18th-century English coach wrenches. It was widely used in the 19th and early 20th century. It is of interest as an antique among tool collectors and is still occasionally used in practice.

More broadly, a monkey wrench may be a pipe wrench or any other kind of adjustable wrench.

Pipe wrench
A pipe wrench is any of several types of wrench that are designed to turn threaded pipe and pipe fittings for assembly (tightening) or disassembly (loosening). The Stillson wrench, or Stillson-pattern wrench, is the usual form of pipe wrench, especially in the US. The Stillson name is that of the original patent holder, who licensed the design to a number of manufacturers; the patent has since expired. A different type of wrench with compound leverage often used on pipes, the plumber wrench, is also called a "pipe wrench" in some places.
Kitty Oppenheimer
Katherine Vissering "Kitty" Oppenheimer (née Puening; August 8, 1910 – October 27, 1972) was an American biologist, botanist, and a member of the Communist Party of America until leaving in the 1930s. Her husbands were Frank Ramseyer, Joe Dallet, Richard Stewart Harrison, and physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer, the director of the Manhattan Project's Los Alamos Laboratory during World War II.

Robert Serber
Robert Serber (March 14, 1909 – June 1, 1997) was an American theoretical physicist who contributed to multiple branches of physics and who served as a bridge between theorists and experimentalists. As a key participant of the Manhattan Project, Serber gave lectures explaining the basic principles and goals of the project, which were printed and supplied to all incoming scientific staff. These became known as The Los Alamos Primer. The New York Times called him "the intellectual midwife at the birth of the atomic bomb."
Antelope Valley
The Antelope Valley is a valley primarily located in northern Los Angeles County, California, United States and the southeast portion of Kern County, and constitutes the western tip of the Mojave Desert. It is situated between the Tehachapi, Sierra Pelona, and the San Gabriel Mountains.  The valley was named for the pronghorns that roamed there until they were all eliminated in the 1880s, mostly by hunting, or resettled in other areas. The principal cities in the Antelope Valley are Palmdale and Lancaster.

Sierra Pelona Ridge
The Sierra Pelona, also known as the Sierra Pelona Ridge or the Sierra Pelona Mountains and originally known as the Liebre Mountains, is a mountain ridge in the Transverse Ranges in Southern California. Located in northwest Los Angeles County, the ridge is bordered on the north by the San Andreas Fault and lies within and is surrounded by the Angeles National Forest and a tiny section in the Los Padres National Forest.
Philam Life Theater
The Philam Life Theater, also styled Philamlife Theater, was a performing arts venue at 1440 United Nations Avenue in the Ermita district of Manila, the Philippines. It opened in 1961 as the Philam Life Auditorium and was designed by Filipino architect Carlos Arguelles as part of the corporate headquarters for the Philam Life insurance company (now AIA Philippines). The International Style concert hall in the eastern annex of the Philam Life Building is known for its superior acoustics and elegant interior.

The building including the theater was acquired by SM Development Corporation (SMDC) in September 2012. A petition was launched the following year to preserve the theater, with SMDC pledging to preserve the venue. The Philam Life Theater closed in March 2013. Nevertheless the building was later demolished in 2020.

AIA Philippines
The AIA Philippines Life and General Insurance Company Inc., commonly known as AIA Philippines and formerly known as the Philippine American Life and General Insurance Company or Philam Life, is an insurance company based in the Philippines. As of 2020, it is one of the largest life insurance companies in the country by assets and net worth.
Benjamin Silliman
Benjamin Silliman (August 8, 1779 – November 24, 1864) was an American chemist and science educator. He was one of the first American professors of science, the first science professor at Yale, and the first person to use the process of fractional distillation in America. He was a founder of the American Journal of Science, the oldest continuously published scientific journal in the United States.

James Dwight Dana
James Dwight Dana FRS FRSE (February 12, 1813 – April 14, 1895) was an American geologist, mineralogist, volcanologist, and zoologist. He made pioneering studies of mountain-building, volcanic activity, and the origin and structure of continents and oceans around the world.

His zoological author abbreviation is Dana.
Sabbas the Sanctified
Sabas (439–532), in Church parlance Saint Sabas or Sabbas the Sanctified (Greek: Σάββας ὁ Ἡγιασμένος), was a Cappadocian Greek monk, priest, grazer and saint, who was born in Cappadocia and lived mainly in Palaestina Prima. He was the founder of several convents, most notably the one known as Mar Saba, in Palestine. The saint's name is derived from Imperial Aramaic: סַבָּא Sabbāʾ "old man".

Mar Saba
The Holy Lavra of Saint Sabbas Greek: Ἱερὰ Λαύρα τοῦ Ὁσίου Σάββα τοῦ Ἡγιασμένου, romanized: Yerá Lávra tú Osíu Sávva tú Iyazménu, known in Arabic and Syriac as Mar Saba (Syriac: ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܣܒܐ, romanized: Dayrā d-Mār Sabba; Levantine Arabic: دير مار سابا, romanized: Dēr Mār Sābā; ) and historically as the Great Laura of Saint Sabas, is a Greek Orthodox Christian monastery overlooking the Kidron Valley in the Bethlehem Governorate of Palestine in the West Bank, at a point halfway between Bethlehem and the Dead Sea. The monks of Mar Saba and those of subsidiary houses are known as Sabaites.

Mar Saba is considered one of the world's oldest (almost) continuously inhabited monasteries, and it maintains many of its ancient traditions. One in particular is the restriction on women entering the main compound. The only building women can enter is the Women's Tower, near the main entrance.
Humphrey I de Bohun
Humphrey I de Bohun (died c.1123), of Trowbridge Castle
in Wiltshire, jure uxoris 3rd feudal baron of Trowbridge, was an Anglo-Norman nobleman who by his lucrative marriage became "the founder of the fortunes of his family", later prominent in England as Earls of Hereford and Earls of Essex. He is usually enumerated "Humphrey I" even though following his father he was the second "Humphrey de Bohun" settled in England. He has even been called "Humphrey the Great".

Trowbridge
Trowbridge (/ˈtroʊbrɪdʒ/ TROH-brij) is the county town of Wiltshire, England, situated on the River Biss in the west of the county, close to the border with Somerset. The town lies 8 miles (13 km) south-east of Bath, 31 miles (50 km) south-west of Swindon and 20 miles (32 km) south-east of Bristol. The parish had a population of 37,169 in 2021.

Long a market town, the Kennet and Avon canal to the north of Trowbridge played an instrumental part in the town's development, as it allowed coal to be transported from the Somerset Coalfield; this marked the advent of steam-powered manufacturing in woollen cloth mills. The town was the foremost centre of woollen cloth production in south-west England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, by which time it held the nickname "The Manchester of the West".

The parish encompasses the settlements of Longfield, Lower Studley, Upper Studley, Studley Green and Trowle Common.
La Romana, Dominican Republic
La Romana is a municipality and capital of the southeastern La Romana Province, opposite Catalina Island. It is one of the 10 largest cities in the Dominican Republic with a population estimated in 2022 at 153,241 within the city limits (metropolitan population: 270,000), of whom 149,840 are urban and 3,401 are rural.  The name Romana comes from the word "Bomana", a name given by Indians to what is known today as Romana River.

The modern La Romana International Airport was opened in 2000. The city is near several other cities, such as San Pedro de Macorís and the national capital, Santo Domingo de Guzmán. The city is a hub for a growing tourist industry with several nearby local resort spots, such as the beachfront Bayahibe, Dominicus, Casa de Campo, and the growing number of golf resorts that surround the area.

La Romana International Airport
La Romana Casa De Campo International Airport (IATA: LRM, ICAO: MDLR) is an international airport located on the southeastern coast of the Dominican Republic, adjacent to the tourist town of La Romana and the Casa de Campo resort. It is located about 68 miles (109 km) from the capital, Santo Domingo, approximately 1 hour and 34 minutes by car. With 146,000 passengers as of 2023, it's the Domincan Republic's fifth busiest airport.
2014 Taba bus bombing
A terrorist attack on a tourist coach in Taba, Egypt took place on 16 February 2014. The bus had been parked, waiting to cross into Israel at the Taba Border Crossing, when a lone suicide bomber entered the open bus and detonated his explosives. Four people – three South Koreans and the Egyptian bus driver were killed, and 17 others injured.

The attack was seen as marking a potential shift in the strategy of jihadist groups in the Sinai insurgency by broadening their campaign against Egyptian security forces to include tourists.

Taba, Egypt
Taba (Egyptian Arabic: طابا Ṭābā, IPA: [ˈtˤɑːbɑ]) is a town in the South Sinai of Egypt, near the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba. Taba is the location of one of Egypt's busiest border crossings. It is the northernmost resort of Egypt's Red Sea Riviera.
Law enforcement in the Azores
Law enforcement in the Azores is part of the law enforcement in Portugal.

The atlantic archipelago of Azores constitutes one of the two autonomous regions of Portugal, with a number of devolved powers being performed by its Regional Government. However, the law enforcement in the region remains mainly under the responsibility  of the Central Government of Portugal, being performed by the several Portuguese national police agencies. There are, however, minor law enforcement agencies dependent from the Regional Government of Azores like the forest police and the sanitary, food and economical police. Also, at the end of 2009, Ponta Delgada became the first city of a Portuguese autonomous region to create its own municipal police force.

The several law enforcement agencies that operate in the Azores police a population of 240,000 people over an area of 2,333 km2.

Law enforcement in Portugal
Law enforcement in Portugal originated with local communities, under the authority of feudal lords and courts.

In modern times, it is the responsibility of three bodies:

Guarda Nacional Republicana: National Republican Guard. The Portuguese national gendarmerie force that mainly work out of major cities but in 98% of the Portuguese territory and provides a national highway patrol, a fiscal guard and a national environment protection police.

Polícia de Segurança Pública: Public Security Police. The Portuguese national civilian police force that works in larger urban areas, as well as at border checks.

Polícia Judiciária: Judicial Police. Overseen by the Public Ministry, they investigate criminal cases.
Kumarumã
Kumarumã is an Amerindian village of the Galibi Marwono people in the Brazilian municipality of Oiapoque, Amapá. It is the largest village of the tribe. Kumarumã was founded in the 1930s as Santa Maria dos Galibis. Kumarumã is located on an island in the Uaçá River in the Uaçá Indigenous Territory.

Kalina people
The Kalina (Caliña), also known as the Caribs or mainland Caribs and by several other names, are an Indigenous people native to the northern coastal areas of South America. Today, the Kalina live largely in villages on the rivers and coasts of Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Brazil. They speak a Cariban language known as Carib. They may be related to the Island Caribs of the Caribbean, though their languages are unrelated.
Wars of In-Laws II
Wars of In-Laws II (Traditional Chinese: 野蠻奶奶大戰戈師奶) is a TVB modern comedy series released overseas in December 2007 and broadcast in January 2008. It stars Liza Wang, Myolie Wu & Bosco Wong.

The series is an indirect sequel to 2005's Wars of In-Laws (我的野蠻奶奶). The main cast features Liza Wang, Myolie Wu and Bosco Wong from the original series and new cast including Benz Hui, Joyce Tang, and Derek Kok. The indirect sequel takes place in the modern era instead of the ancient setting of its prequel.

Wars of In-laws
Wars of In-Laws (Traditional Chinese: 我的野蠻奶奶) is a TVB costume comedy series broadcast in July 2005. It stars Liza Wang, Myolie Wu & Bosco Wong, Bill Chan, Christine Ng, Gordon Liu and Suet Nei.

An indirect modern sequel, Wars of In-Laws II (野蠻奶奶大戰戈師奶) was produced and broadcast in 2008 continued with Liza Wang, Myolie Wu, and Bosco Wong.
Indictable offence
In many common law jurisdictions (e.g. England and Wales, Ireland, Canada, Hong Kong, India, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, Singapore), an indictable offence is an offence which can only be tried on an indictment after a preliminary hearing to determine whether there is a prima facie case to answer or by a grand jury (in contrast to a summary offence). A similar concept in the United States is known as a felony, which for federal crimes, also requires an indictment. In Scotland, which is a  hybrid common law jurisdiction, the procurator fiscal will commence solemn proceedings for serious crimes to be prosecuted on indictment before a jury.

Indictment
An indictment (/ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/ in-DYTE-mənt) is a formal accusation that a person has committed a crime. In jurisdictions that use the concept of felonies, the most serious criminal offense is a felony. Jurisdictions that do not use that concept often use that of an indictable offence, which is an offence that requires an indictment.
John Lowther du Plat Taylor
Colonel John Lowther du Plat Taylor CB VD (1829 – 5 March 1904) was the founder of the Army Post Office Corps and the Post Office Rifles.

Du Plat Taylor trained at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, but left in 1844 before he was commissioned. He then joined the Consular Service and was posted to China but was invalided back home after just two years. He joined the General Post Office in 1852 and worked as a Private Secretary to the Secretary of the Post Office, Sir Rowland Hill and then to Postmaster General.

Post Office Rifles
The Post Office Rifles was a unit of the British Army formed in 1868 from volunteers as part of the Volunteer Force, which later became the Territorial Force (and later the Territorial Army). The unit evolved several times until 1935, after which the name was lost during one of many reorganisations.
March (territory)
In medieval Europe, a march or mark was, in broad terms, any kind of borderland, as opposed to a state's "heartland". More specifically, a march was a border between realms or a neutral buffer zone under joint control of two states in which different laws might apply. In both of these senses, marches served a political purpose, such as providing warning of military incursions or regulating cross-border trade.

Marches gave rise to the titles marquess (masculine) or marchioness (feminine).

Marquess
A marquess (UK: /ˈmɑːrkwɪs/; French: marquis [maʁki]) is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German-language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave) and the Italian-language equivalent Marchese. A woman with the rank of a marquess or the wife (or widow) of a marquess is a marchioness (/ˈmɑːrʃənɛs/) or marquise (French: [maʁkiz] ⓘ). These titles are also used to translate equivalent Asian styles, as in Imperial China and Imperial Japan.
Headsville, West Virginia
Headsville is an unincorporated community in Mineral County, West Virginia, United States. It is part of the Cumberland, MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. It lies between U.S. Route 50 and West Virginia Route 46 alongside Pattersons Creek.

Fort Cocke of the French and Indian War was located near Headsville.

Patterson Creek
Patterson Creek is a 51.2-mile-long (82.4 km) tributary of the North Branch Potomac River in West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle, in the United States. It enters the North Branch east of Cumberland, Maryland, with its headwaters located in Grant County, West Virginia. Patterson Creek is the watershed for two-thirds of Mineral County, West Virginia. The creek passes through Lahmansville, Forman, Medley, Williamsport, Burlington, Headsville, Reeses Mill, Champwood, and Fort Ashby.
Escape (Nine Lashes album)
Escape is the debut studio album by the American rock band Nine Lashes, released on June 5, 2009. Recorded before the group signed to Tooth & Nail Records, the album was released through the independent record label Collide Records and produced by Travis Wyrick, and has a slightly darker sound than their second album and Tooth & Nail debut, World We View. While the album itself failed to chart, the songs "Words of Red" and "Word of Advice" made Billboard's rock chart.

World We View
World We View is the second studio album by the American Christian rock band Nine Lashes, released on February 14, 2012, through Tooth & Nail Records. It is the follow-up to their independent debut album Escape and was co-produced by Aaron Sprinkle and Trevor McNevan, the latter of whom was instrumental in getting the group signed and contributes guest vocals to the song "Adrenaline".

Upon release, World We View entered Billboard's Top Heatseekers chart at number 5 and received much critical acclaim for its diverse sound. Lead single "Anthem of the Lonely" also saw much success, peaking at number one on SoundScan's Christian Rock charts.
Dushanbe Synagogue
The Dushanbe Synagogue (Russian: Душанбинская синагога), also known as the Bukharian Synagogue (Бухарская синагога), was a former Bukharian Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Dushanbe, the capital of Tajikistan. Constructed in the 19th century in one of the two Jewish Quarters in Dushanbe at the time, the synagogue was demolished between 2006 and 2008.

The synagogue was part of the Jewish community compound, which also included ritual buildings and a school. In February 2006, the Government of Tajikistan began demolition of the Jewish community compound as part of an urban redevelopment plan designed to make way for a new presidential residence, the Palace of the Nation, with adjoining landscaped areas. The demolition of the synagogue was delayed due to international protests and a series of court actions until the end of June 2008, when the old building was finally razed.

A new synagogue, the New Dushanbe Synagogue, was opened in 2009.

Bukharan Jews
Bukharan Jews, also known as Bukharian Jews, are the Mizrahi Jewish sub-group of Central Asia that dwelt predominantly in what is today Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Afghanistan. The group's name is derived from the Emirate of Bukhara, a polity that once had a sizable Jewish population.

Bukharan Jews are one of the oldest Jewish diaspora groups, dating back to the Babylonian exile, and comprise a branch of Persian-speaking Jewry. They are also one of the oldest ethnoreligious groups in Central Asia.

Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, most Bukharan Jews have emigrated to Israel, the United States, Canada, Europe, and Australia.
Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond
Field Marshal Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond, KG, PC, FRS (22 February 1735 – 29 December 1806), styled Earl of March until 1750, was British politician and military officer. Associated with the Rockingham Whigs, Richmond briefly served as Secretary of State for the Southern Department for a three-month period in 1766. His support for the Patriots during the American War of Independence along with concession in Ireland and parliamentary reform in Britain led Richmond to be nicknamed "the Radical Duke". He is believed by many to be the source of the second parchment copy of the United States Declaration of Independence, known as the Sussex Declaration. Richmond went on to be a reforming Master-General of the Ordnance first in the first Rockingham ministry and then in the first Pitt ministry.

Physical history of the United States Declaration of Independence
The physical history of the United States Declaration of Independence spans from its original drafting in 1776 into the discovery of historical documents in the 21st century. This includes a number of drafts, handwritten copies, and published broadsides. The Declaration of Independence states that the Thirteen Colonies were now the "United Colonies" which "are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States"; and were no longer a part of the British Empire.
Army of Württemberg
The Württembergian Army (German: Württembergische Armee) served as the army of the Kingdom of Württemberg.

The Württembergian Army had its permanent beginnings in the Peace of Westphalia that followed the Thirty Years' War, which permitted states of the Holy Roman Empire to raise standing armies. These troops were, particularly in the 18th century, sometimes used in Soldatenhandel and lent to foreign powers; this practice was often criticized as a form of mercenary service.

Kingdom of Württemberg
The Kingdom of Württemberg (German: Königreich Württemberg [ˌkøːnɪkʁaɪç ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk]) was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918, located within the area that later became Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Electorate of Württemberg, which existed from 1803 to 1806.
Awake (Godsmack song)
"Awake" is the lead single and title track from Godsmack's second studio album. In the United States, "Awake" is perhaps best known for its use in the 2000s series of US Navy advertisements, "Accelerate Your Life", with voiceover by Keith David.

In 2013, the staff of Loudwire included the song's main riff in their list of "the 10 Best Metal Riffs of the 2000s". In 2024, the staff of Consequence included the song in their list of "50 Kick-Butt Post-Grunge Songs We Can Get Behind".

Awake (Godsmack album)
Awake is the third studio album by American rock band Godsmack, released on October 31, 2000. It features the song "Goin' Down", which first appeared on the band's first studio recording, All Wound Up. It is the final Godsmack album to fully include drummer Tommy Stewart, who would be replaced by former drummer Shannon Larkin afterwards.

During the 2000s, the songs "Sick of Life" and "Awake" were used for the United States Navy's "Accelerate Your Life" recruiting advertisements.