hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Witter Field
Witter Field is a ballpark located at 521 Lincoln Street in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, United States. It was built in 1928. It served as the home park for multiple minor league teams: the Wisconsin Rapids White Sox, Wisconsin Rapids Senators and Wisconsin Rapids Twins. Currently, it hosts the Northwoods League's Wisconsin Rapids Rafters and youth teams.

Wisconsin Rapids Twins
The Wisconsin Rapids Twins were a Class A Minor League Baseball team that existed from 1963 to 1983, playing in the Midwest League. Affiliated with the Washington Senators (1963) and the Minnesota Twins (1964-1983), they were located in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, United States. They played their home games at Witter Field. The franchise evolved from the Wisconsin Rapids White Sox  of the Wisconsin State League (1940–42, 1946–53). For the 1984 season, the franchise became the Kenosha Twins, moving to Kenosha, Wisconsin.

Despite the fact that they existed for 21 seasons, the Twins were Midwest League Champions only once, defeating the Danville Warriors 2 games to 1 and winning the 1973 Championship,  after having lost to the Appleton Foxes in the 1967 Championship Series.
The Legend of Oasis
The Legend of Oasis, released as The Story of Thor 2 in Europe and as Thor: Chronicles of the Elemental King in Japan, is a 1996 action role-playing game developed by Ancient and published by Sega for the Sega Saturn. It is the successor and prequel to the 1994 title Beyond Oasis for the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis. The player takes the role of Leon, who must find the six elemental spirits and use their powers to fight the evil wizard Agito and his legions of creatures.

The game was first announced under the title Legend of Thor. It was originally planned for the 32X add-on shortly after the release of its predecessor; however, the idea was scrapped before the game's development, according to an official statement and documents from Ancient.

Beyond Oasis
Beyond Oasis is a 1994 action-adventure game developed by Ancient and published by Sega for the Sega Genesis. The game has also been re-released in various emulated collections. A prequel to the game, The Legend of Oasis, was released for the Sega Saturn in 1996.
Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee
The Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee is a special local government area in North West Queensland, Queensland, Australia. It is managed under a Deed of Grant in Trust under the Local Government (Community Government Areas) Act 2004.

In the 2021 census, the Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee had a population of 1,387 people.

Gulf Country
The Gulf Country or North West Queensland is the region of woodland and savanna grassland surrounding the Gulf of Carpentaria in north western Queensland and eastern Northern Territory on the north coast of Australia. The region is also called the Gulf Savannah. The Gulf Country is crossed by the Savannah Way highway.

The flat, savannah land has a dry season and a monsoon, containing the largest areas of native grassland in Australia. It is used for raising cattle and mining. It contains large reserves of zinc, lead and silver. The area is home to a number of endangered species and is crossed by a number of major rivers. The first known European explorer of the region was Willem Janszoon.
Robert Peters (Illinois politician)
Robert J. Peters (born April 26, 1985) is an American politician serving as a Democratic member of the Illinois Senate for the 13th district. The Chicago-based district, once represented by President Barack Obama, includes all or parts of East Side, Hyde Park, Kenwood, South Chicago, South Shore, and Woodlawn. Peters took office on January 6, 2019, after being appointed to succeed Kwame Raoul. He has since been elected in 2020 and again in 2024.

He served as the Senate Chair of the Illinois Legislative Black Caucus from 2021 to 2024 and has been the Majority Whip for the Senate Democratic Caucus since 2025. He is a candidate in the Democratic primary for the 2026 election for Illinois' 2nd congressional district.

Kwame Raoul
Kwame Raoul (/ˈkwɑːmeɪ rɑːˈuːl/ KWAH-may rah-OOL; born September 30, 1964) is an American lawyer and politician who has been the 42nd Attorney General of Illinois since 2019.  He is a member of the Democratic Party.

Raoul represented the 13th district in the Illinois Senate from 2004 to 2019. Initially appointed to fill the seat vacated by Barack Obama when Obama was elected to the U.S. Senate in 2004, Raoul won subsequent election and reelection. He served as Chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee, Vice Chair of the Senate Criminal Law Committee, and as a member of the Executive, Gaming, Insurance and Public Health Committees.
Auditory phonetics
Auditory phonetics is the branch of phonetics concerned with the hearing of speech sounds and with speech perception. It thus entails the study of the relationships between speech stimuli and a listener's responses to such stimuli as mediated by mechanisms of the peripheral and central auditory systems, including certain areas of the brain. It is said to compose one of the three main branches of phonetics along with acoustic and articulatory phonetics, though with overlapping methods and questions.

Acoustic phonetics
Acoustic phonetics is a subfield of phonetics, which deals with acoustic aspects of speech sounds. Acoustic phonetics investigates features of waveforms as they pertain to the time domain (e.g. duration, amplitude, fundamental frequency), frequency domain (e.g. frequency spectrum), or combined spectrotemporal domains. Acoustic phonetics is also concerned with how these properties relate to other branches of phonetics (e.g. articulatory or auditory phonetics), as well as abstract linguistic concepts such as phonemes, phrases, or utterances.
Prosulfocarb
Prosulfocarb is a preëmergent herbicide used agriculturally in Australia, the EU, Japan, New Zealand, (since 2020), Morocco and Iran, for control of annual ryegrass and toad rush in wheat and barley crops. It was introduced to the EU in 1988 and is rapidly growing in use, with sales increasing by over 500% in France since 2008.

Prosulfocarb is a thiocarbamate, and is absorbed by the roots of germinating seedlings to inhibit growth in the meristem by inhibiting fat synthesis, of resistance HRAC Group J, (Aus), Group N, (WSSA), Group 8. (8 merged into Group 15) (numeric) Applying prosulfocarb repeatedly builds weed resistance but undoes trifluralin (Group 3) resistance, as they have opposing mechanisms: prosulfocarb is resisted by decreasing pesticide metabolism; trifluralin is resisted by increasing metabolism.

Trifluralin
Trifluralin is a common preëmergent selective herbicide, a dinitroaniline.  With about 14 million pounds (6,400 t) used in the United States in 2001, and 3–7 million pounds (1,400–3,200 t) in 2012, it is one of the most widely used herbicides. Trifluralin is also used in Australia, New Zealand, Iran, India, Brazil and previously in the EU. Introduced in 1964, Trifluralin was the first organofluorine compound used as an agrochemical.

Trifluralin is applied to the soil to control annual grass and broadleaf weed species.  It inhibits root development by interrupting mitosis and controls weeds as they germinate. Trifluralin moves very little inside the plant, remaining in the roots.
La Nkwantanang Madina Municipal Assembly
La Nkwantanang Madina Municipal District is one of the twenty-nine districts in Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Ga East District in 2004, until the eastern part of the district was split off to create La-Nkwantanang-Madina Municipal Assembly on 28 June 2012, which was established by Legislative Instrument (L.I.) 2131; thus the remaining part has been retained as Ga East Municipal Assembly. The municipality is located in the western part of Greater Accra Region and has Madina as its capital town.

Ga East Municipal Assembly
Ga East Municipal Assembly is one of the twenty-nine districts in Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Ga District in 1988, until the eastern part of the district was split off to create Ga East District in 2004; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Ga West District. It was later elevated to municipal district assembly status on 29 February 2008 to become Ga East Municipal District, until the eastern part of the district was split off to create La-Nkwantanang-Madina Municipal District on 28 June 2012; thus the remaining part has been retained as Ga East Municipal District. The municipality is located in the western part of Greater Accra Region and has Abokobi as its capital town.
Likelihood function
A likelihood function (often simply called the likelihood) measures how well a statistical model explains observed data by calculating the probability of seeing that data under different parameter values of the model. It is constructed from the joint probability distribution of the random variable that (presumably) generated the observations. When evaluated on the actual data points, it becomes a function solely of the model parameters.

In maximum likelihood estimation, the model parameter(s) or argument that maximizes the likelihood function serves as a point estimate for the unknown parameter, while the Fisher information (often approximated by the likelihood's Hessian matrix at the maximum) gives an indication of the estimate's precision.

In contrast, in Bayesian statistics, the estimate of interest is the converse of the likelihood, the so-called posterior probability of the parameter given the observed data, which is calculated via Bayes' rule.

Bayes' theorem
Bayes' theorem (alternatively Bayes' law or Bayes' rule), named after Thomas Bayes (/beɪz/), gives a mathematical rule for inverting conditional probabilities, allowing the probability of a cause to be found given its effect. For example, with Bayes' theorem, the probability that a patient has a disease given that they tested positive for that disease can be found using the probability that the test yields a positive result when the disease is present. The theorem was developed in the 18th century by Bayes and independently by Pierre-Simon Laplace.

One of Bayes' theorem's many applications is Bayesian inference, an approach to statistical inference, where it is used to invert the probability of observations given a model configuration (i.e., the likelihood function) to obtain the probability of the model configuration given the observations (i.e., the posterior probability).
Akilam six
Akilam six is the sixth section of Akilam, the primary holy scripture of Ayyavazhi. This section describes the transformation of the ruling authority of the universe from Sivan to Thirumal.

It also narrates the preparational events of the Avatar of Vaikundar. There is a description of the famine and other natural disasters that took place in the Travancore country because Thirumal left from there.

Akilathirattu Ammanai
Akilathirattu Ammanai (Tamil: அகிலத்திரட்டு அம்மானை; akilam ("world"), thirattu ("collection"), ammanai ("ballad")), also called Thiru Edu ("venerable book"), is the main religious text of the Tamil belief system Ayyavazhi. The title is often abbreviated to Akilam or Akilathirattu.

Akilam includes more than 15,000 verses and is the largest collection of Ammanai literature in Tamil as well as one of the largest works in Tamil constructed by a single author.
Aberdeen Street
Aberdeen Street (Chinese: 鴨巴甸街) is a border street dividing Sheung Wan and Central on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. It ascends from Queen's Road Central to Caine Road in Mid-Levels. The street is named after George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, who was Foreign Secretary at the time of the cession of Hong Kong Island to the United Kingdom in 1842.

Central, Hong Kong
Central (Chinese: 中環), also known as Central District, is the central business district of Hong Kong. It is located in the northeastern corner of the Central and Western District, on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, across Victoria Harbour from Tsim Sha Tsui, the southernmost point of Kowloon Peninsula. The area was the heart of Victoria City, although that name is rarely used anymore.

As the central business district of Hong Kong, it is the area where many multinational financial services corporations have their headquarters. Consulates of many countries are also located in this area, as is Government Hill, the site of the government headquarters until 2011. The area, with its proximity to Victoria Harbour, has served as the centre of trade and financial activities from the earliest days of the British colonial era in 1841, and continues to flourish and serve as the place of administration since the handover to China in 1997.
1024 (number)
1024 is the natural number following 1023 and preceding 1025.

1024 is a power of two: 210 (2 to the tenth power). It is the nearest power of two from decimal 1000 and senary 100006 (decimal 1296). It is the 64th quarter square.

1024 is the smallest number with exactly 11 divisors (but there are smaller numbers with more than 11 divisors; e.g., 60 has 12 divisors) (sequence A005179 in the OEIS).

1000 (number)
1000 or one thousand is the natural number following 999 and preceding 1001. In most English-speaking countries, it can be written with or without a comma or sometimes a period separating the thousands digit: 1,000.

A group of one thousand units is sometimes known, from Ancient Greek, as a chiliad. A period of one thousand years may be known as a chiliad or, more often from Latin, as a millennium. The number 1000 is also sometimes described as a short thousand in medieval contexts where it is necessary to distinguish the Germanic concept of 1200 as a long thousand. It is the first 4-digit integer.
Battle of Pease River
The Battle of Pease River, also known as the Pease River Massacre or the Pease River fight, occurred on December 19, 1860, near present-day Margaret, Texas in Foard County, Texas, United States. The town is located between Crowell and Vernon within sight of the Medicine Mounds just outside present-day Quanah, Texas.

A monument marks the site where a group of Comanche Indians were massacred by a detachment of Texas Rangers and militia under Ranger Captain "Sul" Ross. The Indian camp was attacked as retaliation against recent Comanche attacks on settlers.

This raid is primarily remembered as the place where Cynthia Ann Parker was recovered after she had been captured in the Fort Parker massacre, 24 years earlier.

Fort Parker massacre
The Fort Parker massacre, also known as the Fort Parker raid, was an attack carried out by a contingent of Comanche, Kiowa, Caddo, and Wichita raiders at Fort Parker on May 19, 1836, where a group of Texians was killed. During the attack, Cynthia Ann Parker, then approximately nine years old, was captured and spent most of the rest of her life within the Comanche Nation, later marrying Chief Peta Nocona and giving birth to three children, including a son, Quanah Parker, who became a prominent leader of the Comanches and a war leader during the Red River War of 1874–75. Cynthia’s brother John Richard Parker was also captured and remained with the Comanches for six years before his release was negotiated. He was unable to readapt to Western society and chose to return to the Comanche Nation for several more years.
King's Cross, London
King's Cross is a district in the London boroughs of Camden and Islington, on either side of Euston Road in north London, England, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of Charing Cross, bordered by Barnsbury to the north, Clerkenwell to the southeast, Angel to the east, Holborn and Bloomsbury to the south, Somers Town to the west and Camden Town to the northwest. It is served by two major rail termini, St Pancras and King's Cross. King's Cross station is the terminus of one of the major rail routes between London and the North.

The area, which was historically the south-eastern part of the parish and borough of St Pancras, and once known for drug-dealing and prostitution, has undergone significant regeneration since the mid-1990s. The introduction of the Eurostar rail service at St Pancras International and the rebuilding of King's Cross station helped stimulate the redevelopment of the long-derelict railway lands to the north of the termini.

St Pancras, London
St Pancras (/ˈpæŋkrəs/) is a district in North London. It was originally a medieval ancient parish and subsequently became a metropolitan borough. The metropolitan borough then merged with neighbouring boroughs and the area now forms around half of the modern London Borough of Camden.

The area of the parish and borough extends nearly four miles in a north-south axis, between Islington in the east and Marylebone and Hampstead in the west. It takes in the sub-districts of Camden Town, Kentish Town, Gospel Oak, Somers Town, King's Cross, Chalk Farm, Dartmouth Park, the core area of Fitzrovia and a part of Highgate.
Nijō Yoshimoto
Nijō Yoshimoto (二条 良基; 1320 – July 16, 1388), son of regent Nijō Michihira, was a Japanese kugyō (court noble), waka poet, and renga master of the early Nanboku-chō period (1336–1392).

Yoshimoto's wife gave birth to Nijō Moroyoshi. With another woman, he had sons Nijō Morotsugu and Ichijō Tsunetsugu.

Nijō Morotsugu
Nijō Morotsugu (二条 師嗣; 1356–1400), son of regent Nijō Yoshimoto, was a Japanese kugyō (court noble) of the Muromachi period (1336–1573). He held a regent position kampaku three times from 1379 to 1382, from 1388 to 1394, and from 1398 to 1399. He was the father of Nijō Mitsumoto and Nijō Motonori.
Tommy Turrentine
Thomas Walter Turrentine Jr. (April 22, 1928 – May 13, 1997) was a swing and hard bop trumpeter and composer who was active between the 1940s and the 1960s. He rarely worked as a bandleader, and was known for his work as a sideman with drummer Max Roach and his younger brother, the saxophonist Stanley Turrentine.

Max Roach
Maxwell Lemuel Roach (January 10, 1924 – August 16, 2007) was an American jazz drummer and composer. A pioneer of bebop, he worked in many other styles of music, and is generally considered one of the most important drummers in history. He worked with many famous jazz musicians, including Clifford Brown, Coleman Hawkins, Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker, Miles Davis, Duke Ellington, Thelonious Monk, Abbey Lincoln, Dinah Washington, Charles Mingus, Billy Eckstine, Stan Getz, Sonny Rollins, Eric Dolphy, Benny Carter, and Booker Little. He also played with his daughter Maxine Roach, a Grammy-nominated violist. He was inducted into the DownBeat Hall of Fame in 1980 and the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1992.

In the mid-1950s, Roach co-led a pioneering quintet along with trumpeter Clifford Brown. In 1970, Roach founded the percussion ensemble M'Boom.
Nycticeius
Nycticeius is a small genus of bats in the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae, and the only member of the tribe Nycticeiini. It contains three species, the evening bat (N. humeralis), the Cuban evening bat (N. cubanus) and Nycticeius aenobarbus. Some authorities include several other Old World species in Nycticeius, but recent genetic work shows that is a completely New World genus. Nycticeius is of Greek and Latin origin, meaning "belonging to the night".

The Cuban evening bat is found only on the island of Cuba, and very little is known about this species. It is similar in appearance to N. humeralis, but is considerably smaller (4–7 grams).

Cuban evening bat
The Cuban evening bat (Nycticeius cubanus) is a species of bat in the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae, that is endemic to western Cuba. It is a small bat, even smaller than cogener Nycticeius humeralis. It is insectivorous, but otherwise little is known about its behavior and diet.
Global Telecoms Exploitation
Global Telecoms Exploitation is reportedly a secret British telephonic mass surveillance programme run by the British signals intelligence and computer security agency, the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ). Its existence was revealed along with its sister programme, Mastering the Internet, in June 2013, as part of the global surveillance disclosures by the former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden.

In May 2014, Glenn Greenwald, in his book "Nowhere to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA and US Government Spying", published documents relating to the program, in addition to those previously published in the press around the world.

Mastering the Internet
Mastering the Internet (MTI) is a mass surveillance project led by the British communications intelligence agency Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) budgeted at over £1 billion. According to reports in The Register and The Sunday Times in early May 2009, contracts with a total value of £200m had already been awarded to suppliers.

Responding to these reports, GCHQ issued a press release denying the claims that the program involved mass surveillance, stating that "GCHQ is not developing technology to enable the monitoring of all internet use and phone calls in Britain, or to target everyone in the UK." However, the 2013 mass surveillance disclosures revealed that GCHQ gathers "raw" information (without filtering out the communications of British citizens) from the web as part of its "Mastering the Internet" programme.
Comparison of video container formats
These tables compare features of multimedia container formats, most often used for storing or streaming digital video or digital audio content. To see which multimedia players support which container format, look at comparison of media players.

Container format
A container format (informally, sometimes called a wrapper) or metafile is a file format that allows multiple data streams to be embedded into a single file, usually along with metadata for identifying and further detailing those streams.  Notable examples of container formats include archive files (such as the ZIP format) and formats used for multimedia playback (such as Matroska, MP4, and AVI). Among the earliest cross-platform container formats were Distinguished Encoding Rules and the 1985 Interchange File Format.
Thomas Haweis
Thomas Haweis (c.1734–1820), (surname pronounced to rhyme with "pause") was born in Redruth, Cornwall, on 1 January 1734, where he was baptised on 20 February 1734. As a Church of England cleric he was one of the leading figures of the 18th century evangelical revival and a key figure in the histories of the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion, the Free Church of England and the London Missionary Society.

Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon
Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon (née Shirley; 24 August 1707 – 17 June 1791) was an English  Methodist leader who played a prominent part in the religious revival of the 18th century and the Methodist movement in England and Wales. She founded an evangelical branch in England and Sierra Leone, known as the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion.

She helped finance and guide early Methodism and was the first principal of Trevecca College, Wales, established in 1768 to train Methodist ministers. With the construction of 64 chapels in England and Wales, plus mission work in colonial America, she is estimated to have spent over £100,000 on these activities, a huge sum when a family of four could live on £31 per year.

A regular correspondent of George Whitefield and John Wesley, she is also remembered for her adversarial relationships with other Methodists.