hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Bound Brook
The Battle of Bound Brook (April 13, 1777) was a surprise attack by British and Hessian forces on a Continental Army outpost in Bound Brook, New Jersey, during the American Revolutionary War. The British defeated the garrison, whose troops were either captured or fled. U.S. commander Major General Benjamin Lincoln left quickly, abandoning papers and personal effects.

Late on the evening of April 12, 1777, four thousand British and Hessian troops under the command of Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis marched from the British stronghold of New Brunswick.  All but one detachment reached positions surrounding the outpost before the battle began near daybreak the next morning.  During the battle, most of the 500-man garrison escaped by the unblocked route. U.S. reinforcements arrived in the afternoon, but not before the British plundered the outpost and began the return march to New Brunswick.

Bound Brook, New Jersey
Bound Brook is a borough in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, located along the Raritan River. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 11,988, an increase of 1,586 (+15.2%) from the 2010 census count of 10,402, which in turn reflected an increase of 247 (+2.4%) from the 10,155 counted in the 2000 census.

Bound Brook was originally incorporated as a town by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 24, 1869, within portions of Bridgewater Township. On February 11, 1891, it was reincorporated as a borough, based on the results of a referendum held on the previous day.
Potassium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, and is commonly called caustic potash.

Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), KOH is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications, most of which utilize its caustic nature and its reactivity toward acids. About 2.5 million tonnes were produced in 2023. KOH is noteworthy as the precursor to most soft and liquid soaps, as well as numerous potassium-containing chemicals.  It is a white solid that is dangerously corrosive.

Hydroxide
Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH−. It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a single covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge. It is an important but usually minor constituent of water. It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile, and a catalyst. The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions. Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.
The corresponding electrically neutral compound HO• is the hydroxyl radical. The corresponding covalently bound group −OH of atoms is the hydroxy group.
Both the hydroxide ion and hydroxy group are nucleophiles and can act as catalysts in organic chemistry.

Many inorganic substances which bear the word hydroxide in their names are not ionic compounds of the hydroxide ion, but covalent compounds which contain hydroxy groups.
Robust optimization
Robust optimization is a field of mathematical optimization theory that deals with optimization problems in which a certain measure of robustness is sought against uncertainty that can be represented as deterministic variability in the value of the parameters of the problem itself and/or its solution. It is related to, but often distinguished from, probabilistic optimization methods such as chance-constrained optimization.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Siyi
The Siyi (Seiyap or Sze Yup in Cantonese; Chinese: 四邑; pinyin: Sìyì; Jyutping: sei3 jap1; lit. 'Four Counties') refers to the four former counties of Xinhui (Sunwui), Taishan (Toisan), Kaiping (Hoiping) and Enping (Yanping) on the west side of the Pearl River Delta in Southern Guangdong Province, China.

Taishan, Guangdong
Taishan is a county-level city in the southwest of Guangdong province, China. It is administered as part of the prefecture-level city of Jiangmen. During the 2020 census, there were 907,354 inhabitants (941,095 in 2010), but only 433,266 were considered urban. As one of the most renowned qiao'xiangs, Taishan calls itself the "First Home of the Overseas Chinese". An estimated half a million Chinese Americans are of Taishanese descent.

It was named Xinning (新寧) until 1914, which was romanised as "Sunning".
Boa Vista International Airport
Boa Vista−Atlas Brasil Cantanhede International Airport (IATA: BVB, ICAO: SBBV) is the airport serving Boa Vista, the capital of Roraima state, Brazil. Since April 13, 2009, the airport is named after Atlas Brasil Cantanhede (1917-1973), a pilot and politician who in the 1950s pioneered aviation in Roraima state. It is the northernmost Brazilian airport served by scheduled flights.

It is operated by Vinci SA.

Some of its facilities are shared with Boa Vista Air Force Base of the Brazilian Air Force.

Boa Vista Air Force Base
Base Aérea de Boa Vista – ALA7 (IATA: BVB, ICAO: SBBV) is a base of the Brazilian Air Force, located in Boa Vista, the capital of Roraima state, Brazil.

It shares some facilities with Atlas Brasil Cantanhede International Airport.
T. M. Turner
Thomas Memory Turner (July 17, 1847 – September 2, 1917) was an American composer, band leader, and music professor. He was known to his friends as "Mem".

He was once assistant director of the Stonewall Brigade Band of Staunton, Virginia, the United States's oldest continuous community band sponsored by local government and funded, in part, by tax monies. His father A. J. Turner was director. They were mustered into the Stonewall Brigade under Stonewall Jackson of the Confederacy during the Civil War. Turner served through the Valley Campaign, the Seven Days Battles, and was at the Battle of Cedar Mountain.

Memory trained several cornet bands, and spent several years directing the band at the Western Lunatic Asylum.

A. J. Turner
Augustus John Turner, (October 12, 1818 – May 14, 1905), known as "A. J. Turner", was an American composer, band leader and music professor.

He was the first director of the Stonewall Brigade Band of Staunton, Virginia, the oldest continuous community band funded by tax moneys in the United States. They were mustered into the Stonewall Brigade under Stonewall Jackson of the Confederacy during the Civil War. Turner served through the Valley Campaign, the Seven Days Battles, and was at the Battle of Cedar Mountain.

Turner was a professor of music at the Wesleyan Female Institute, the Staunton Male Academy, and the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind Institute. He also played a part in the temperance movement.
Flags of New York City
The flags of New York City include the flag of New York City, the respective flags of the boroughs of The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island, and flags of certain city departments. The city flag is a vertical tricolor in blue, white, and orange and charged in the center bar with the seal of New York City in blue. The tricolor design is derived from the flag of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands—the Prince's Flag—as used in New Amsterdam in 1625, when that city became the capital of New Netherland.

Seal of New York City
The seal of New York City is the city's official corporate insignia. According to the city's Administrative Code, it is used to identify documents or publications issued under the authority of the city or its departments. It is also engraved into property owned by the city, used to identify officers of the city, and featured on the city's flag.

New York City has had a seal since 1654, when the city was the Dutch settlement known as New Amsterdam. The seal has since undergone multiple changes, and for a period the city had multiple seals. These changes and multiple seals largely resulted from the city's transition to British and, later, American control, as well as from tensions between the mayor and the city's elected council. The current seal was designed in 1915 and most recently modified in 1977.

The city clerk of New York City is the custodian of the city seal.
Vermont Route 107
Vermont Route 107 (VT 107) is an east–west state highway in Windsor County, Vermont, United States. It runs for 13.503 miles (21.7 km) from VT 100 in Stockbridge in the west to VT 14 in Royalton in the east. VT 107 mostly serves to connect VT 100 to Interstate 89 (I-89).

Vermont Route 14
Vermont Route 14 (VT 14) is a 108.946-mile-long (175.332 km) north–south state highway in northeastern Vermont, United States. It extends from U.S. Route 4 (US 4) and US 5 in White River Junction to VT 100 in Newport. Between White River Junction and the city of Barre, the route parallels Interstate 89 (I-89). VT 14 was originally designated in 1922 as part of the New England road marking system. Its north end was truncated in 1926 as a result of the designation of US 2 but was extended north along an old alignment of VT 12 in the 1960s.
Meryl Davis
Meryl Davis (born January 1, 1987) is an American former competitive ice dancer. With partner Charlie White, she is the 2014 Olympic champion, the 2010 Olympic silver medalist, a two-time (2011, 2013) World champion, five-time Grand Prix Final champion (2009–2013), three-time Four Continents champion (2009, 2011, 2013) and six-time U.S. national champion (2009–2014). They also won a bronze medal in the team event at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Davis and White teamed up in 1997 and they are currently the longest lasting dance team in the United States. They are the first American ice dancers to win the World title, as well as the first Americans to win the Olympic title. At the 2006 NHK Trophy, they became the first ice dancing team to earn level fours on all their elements.

In 2014, Davis won the eighteenth season of Dancing with the Stars with partner Maksim Chmerkovskiy.

Charlie White (figure skater)
Charles Allen White Jr. (born October 24, 1987) is an American former competitive ice dancer. With partner Meryl Davis, he is the 2014 Olympic Champion, the 2010 Olympic silver medalist, a two-time (2011, 2013) World champion, five-time Grand Prix Final champion (2009–2013), three-time Four Continents champion (2009, 2011, 2013) and six-time U.S. national champion (2009–2014). They also won a bronze medal in the team event at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Davis and White teamed up in 1997 and they are currently the longest-lasting dance team in the United States. They are the first American ice dancers to win the World title, as well as the first Americans to win the Olympic title. At the 2006 NHK Trophy, they became the first ice dancing team to receive level fours on all their elements.
James River Face Wilderness
The James River Face Wilderness is an  8,907-acre area located near Natural Bridge, Virginia that is protected by the Eastern Wilderness Act of Congress to maintain its present, natural condition. As part of the National Wilderness Preservation System, it helps to preserve a variety of natural life forms and contributes to a diversity of plant and animal gene pools. Over half of the ecosystems in the United States exist within designated wilderness.

The wilderness contains many contrasting features.  A short distance separates scorched hillsides, stark rockpiles and dry forest on one side and exceedingly rich vegetation on the crest of the  Blue Ridge on the other.

The area is part of the Glenwood Cluster.

Glenwood Cluster
The Glenwood Cluster is a region in the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests recognized by The Wilderness Society for its rich biodiversity, scenery, wildflower displays, cold-water trout streams and horse trails.  It offers a unique habitat for rare plants, salamanders and other rare species. The Blue Ridge Parkway and the Appalachian Trail traverse the area, giving ready access with views to the east of the Piedmont region and to the west of the Valley of Virginia.
Sebastiano Grandis
Sebastiano Grandis (San Dalmazzo of Tenda, 6 April 1817 – Turin, 10 January 1892) was an Italian engineer, famous for having designed and directed with Severino Grattoni and Germain Sommeiller the works for the construction of Frejus railway tunnel (also known as Traforo del Cenisio or Mont Cenis Tunnel) 13.7 km (8.5 mi) in length between France and Italy, the first large tunnel in a mountain. For this project, along with Sommeiller, they pioneered the use of a large pneumatic jackhammer.

Severino Grattoni
Severino Grattoni (9 December 1815 – 1 April 1876) was an Italian engineer and statesman.

He is best known for working with Sebastiano Grandis and Germain Sommeiller in the Traforo del Cenisio (the Fréjus Rail Tunnel, also called the Mont Cenis Tunnel, linking France and Italy). He was born in Voghera. Later in life, he served in scientific missions abroad for the Count of Cavour.
2007 AFL season
The 2007 AFL season was the 111th season of the Australian Football League (AFL), the highest level senior Australian rules football competition in Australia, which was known as the Victorian Football League until 1989. The season featured sixteen clubs, ran from 30 March until 29 September, and comprised a 22-game home-and-away season followed by a finals series featuring the top eight clubs.

The premiership was won by the Geelong Football Club for the seventh time, after it defeated Port Adelaide by a record 119 points in the AFL Grand Final.

2007 AFL Grand Final
The 2007 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Geelong Football Club and the Port Adelaide Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 29 September 2007. It was the 111th annual Grand Final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 2007 AFL season.

The match, attended by 97,302 spectators, was won by Geelong by a margin of 119 points, the greatest winning margin in VFL/AFL grand final history and the only one by 100 points or more. The victory marked Geelong's seventh premiership win, and ended its 44-year premiership drought.
Purushottam Mavalankar
Purushottam Ganesh Mavalankar (3 August 1928 in Ahmedabad – 14 March 2002 in Ahmedabad) was an Indian political scientist, educationist, and an independent Member of Parliament for two consecutive terms.

Mavalankar was son of the first speaker of the Lok Sabha, Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar. In 1972, he was elected to the 5th Lok Sabha in a by-election from Ahmedabad constituency in Gujarat state. In 1977, he was re-elected to the 6th Lok Sabha from Gandhinagar in Gujarat on Janata Party's ticket. He lost from Gandhinagar in 1980 election. Mavalankar died on 14 March 2002.

He was also the author of the book No Sir, which consisted his parliamentary speeches during Emergency.

Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar
Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar (27 November 1888 – 27 February 1956) popularly known as Dadasaheb, was an Indian politician and independence activist who served as the President (from 1946 to 1947) of the Central Legislative Assembly, then Speaker of the Constituent Assembly of India, and later the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. His son Purushottam Mavalankar was later elected to the Lok Sabha twice from Gujarat.
Starstreet Precinct
The Starstreet Precinct (Chinese: 星街社區) is a neighborhood in Wan Chai, Hong Kong, centred on Three Pacific Place and comprising mainly Star Street (星街), Moon Street (月街), Sun Street (日街), St. Francis Street (聖佛蘭士街), St. Francis Yard (進教圍), and Wing Fung Street (永豐街).

Pacific Place (Hong Kong)
Pacific Place is a complex of five office towers, three hotels and one shopping centre situated on Queensway and Henessey Road, Admiralty and Wan Chai, Hong Kong. The latest phase, Six Pacific Place, is located at 50 Queen's Road East, Wan Chai.

The four-level shopping centre is home to over 160 shops and boutiques and one major department store. The complex is also home to three five-star hotels, a boutique hotel, three office towers and 270 serviced apartments, all of which are pet friendly.

Pacific Place complex is owned and managed by Swire Properties, with the exception of three of the hotels (Conrad Hong Kong, Island Shangri-La and JW Marriott Hotel), in each of which it retains a 20 per cent equity interest.
Department of Finance (Ireland)
The Department of Finance (Irish: An Roinn Airgeadais) is a department of the Government of Ireland. It is led by the Minister for Finance.

The Department of Finance is responsible for the administration of the public finances of Ireland and all powers, duties and functions connected with the same, including in particular, the collection and expenditure of the revenues of Ireland from whatever source arising.

Minister for Finance (Ireland)
The Minister for Finance (Irish: An tAire Airgeadais) is a senior minister in the Government of Ireland. The Minister for Finance leads the Department of Finance and is responsible for all financial and monetary matters of the state; and is considered the second most important member of the Government of Ireland, after the Taoiseach.

The current office holder is Simon Harris, TD; he is assisted by one Minister of State Robert Troy, TD.
William Gray Purcell
William Gray Purcell (July 2, 1880 – April 11, 1965) was an American architect of the Prairie School in the Midwestern United States. He partnered with George Grant Elmslie, and briefly with George Feick. The firm of Purcell & Elmslie produced designs for buildings in twenty-two states, Australia, and China. The firm had offices in Minneapolis, Minnesota; Chicago, Illinois; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Portland, Oregon.

Purcell & Elmslie
Purcell & Elmslie (P&E) was the most widely known iteration of a progressive American architectural practice.  P&E was the second most commissioned firm of the Prairie School, after Frank Lloyd Wright. The firm in all iterations was active from 1907 to 1921, with their most famous work being done between 1913 and 1921.
Tropisetron
Tropisetron is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used mainly as an antiemetic to treat nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy, although it has been used experimentally as an analgesic in cases of fibromyalgia.

It was patented in 1982 and approved for medical use in 1992. Tropisetron is a therapeutic alternative on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is sold by Novartis in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea and the Philippines as Navoban, but is not available in the US. It is also available from Novell Pharmaceutical Laboratories and sold in several Asian countries as Setrovel.

5-HT3 antagonist
The 5-HT3 antagonists, informally known as "setrons", are a class of drugs that act as receptor antagonists at the 5-HT3 receptor, a subtype of serotonin receptor found in terminals of the vagus nerve and in certain areas of the brain.
With the notable exceptions of alosetron and cilansetron, which are used in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, all 5-HT3 antagonists are antiemetics, used in the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting. They are particularly effective in controlling the nausea and vomiting produced by cancer chemotherapy and are considered the gold standard for this purpose.

The 5-HT3 antagonists may be identified by the suffix -setron, and are classified under code A04AA of the WHO's Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System.
Mir Docking Module
The Mir Docking Module, formally known as the Stykovochnyy Otsek (SO; Russian: стыковочный отсек, lit. 'Docking compartment'; designation: 316GK), was the sixth module of the Russian space station Mir, launched in November 1995 aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis. The module, built by Energia, was designed to help simplify space shuttle dockings to Mir during the Shuttle-Mir program, preventing the need for the periodic relocation of the Kristall module necessary for dockings prior to the compartment's arrival. The module was also used to transport two new photovoltaic arrays to the station, as a mounting point for external experiments, and as a storage module when not in use for dockings.

Kristall
The Kristall (Russian: Кристалл, lit. 'Crystal') (77KST, TsM-T, 11F77T) module was the fourth module and the third major addition to Mir. As with previous modules, its configuration was based on the 77K (TKS) module, and was originally named "Kvant 3". It was launched on May 31, 1990 on Proton-K. It docked to Mir autonomously on June 10, 1990.
Mississippi Highway 44
Mississippi Highway 44 (MS 44) is a 48.6-mile-long (78.2 km) disconnected state highway comprising three segments in south-central Mississippi.

The first, and longest, section runs from U.S. Highway 51 (US 51) in McComb to MS 27 near Topeka. The second, and shortest, section consists of a newly built bridge across the Pearl River between MS 587 (Near Morgantown) and MS 13 in Goss. The third and final section runs between US 98 in Columbia and MS 42 just west of Sumrall.

Mississippi Highway 27
Mississippi Highway 27 (MS 27) is a state highway in Mississippi. It runs from south to north for 120.9 miles (194.6 km) across the western and south-central parts of the state, serving 5 counties: Walthall, Lawrence, Copiah, Hinds, and Warren.  The segment between Vicksburg and Crystal Springs is known vernacularly as the "Utica cutoff" because it facilitates a circumvention of Jackson for I-20 / I-55 traffic flowing between Vicksburg and Hammond.
Williamsburg Transportation Center
Williamsburg Transportation Center is an intermodal transit station in Williamsburg, Virginia. Operated by the Williamsburg Area Transit Authority, it also serves Amtrak's Northeast Regional train as well as Greyhound Lines and Hampton Roads Transit intercity buses. The transportation center was formerly a Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) passenger station.

Williamsburg Area Transit Authority
Williamsburg Area Transit Authority (WATA) is a multi-jurisdiction transportation agency providing transit bus and ADA Paratransit services in the City of Williamsburg, James City County, and York County in the Historic Triangle area.

WATA operates 13 bus routes, using a "hub and spoke" style system using the intermodal Williamsburg Transportation Center and the Rochambeau Drive Walmart as hubs. Additionally, connections are available to multiple Hampton Roads Transit (HRT) routes at Lee Hall. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 1,483,900, or about 3,400 per weekday as of the second quarter of 2025.