hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Texas State Highway 99
State Highway 99 (SH 99), also known as the Grand Parkway, is a partial beltway in the U.S. state of Texas. Its first section opened on August 31, 1994. If the route is completed, it will be the longest beltway in the U.S., the world's eighth-longest metropolitan ring road (and largest outside of China, Russia, and Egypt), and the third (outer) loop of the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area, with Interstate 610 being the first (inner) loop and Beltway 8 (Sam Houston Tollway) being the second (middle) loop. The proposed 176.6-mile (284.2 km) loop has been divided into 11 separate segments for construction and funding purposes.  In May 2019, the Texas Department of Transportation gave the Grand Parkway a secondary designation as the Mayor Bob Lanier Memorial Parkway, honoring Bob Lanier, who served as the mayor of Houston from 1992 to 1998 and who had spearheaded the creation of the Grand Parkway.

Texas State Highway 288
State Highway 288 (SH 288)  is a north–south highway in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Texas, between I-45 in downtown Houston and Freeport, where it terminates on FM 1495. The route was originally designated by 1939, replacing the southern portion of SH 19.
Antonio Aranda Stadium
The Antonio Aranda Stadium (Spanish: Estadio Antonio Aranda), known until 2013 as Estadio Tte. Cnel. Antonio Oddone Sarubbi, is a football stadium in the city of Ciudad del Este, Paraguay. It is the home venue of Club Atlético 3 de Febrero and is named after Antonio Aranda Encina, a former club executive who contributed to the stadium's construction through his enterprise Eventos y Construcciones, and also to 3 de Febrero's first promotion to the first division in 2004.

Club Atlético 3 de Febrero
Club Atlético 3 de Febrero, also known as Atlético 3 de Febrero or simply 3 de Febrero, is a professional Paraguayan football club from Ciudad del Este, the capital city of the department of Alto Paraná. The club was founded in 1970, and named after St. Blaise Day, February 3, a national holiday throughout many Hispanic countries. Atlético 3 de Febrero have played 9 seasons in the Primera División. At present plays in Primera B Nacional, one of the third division leagues in the Paraguayan football league system.
Republican Proposal
Republican Proposal (Spanish: Propuesta Republicana), usually referred to by its abbreviation PRO, is a political party in Argentina. PRO was formed as an electoral alliance in 2005, but was transformed into a national party in 2010. It is led by former Argentine president Mauricio Macri, who has been the party's president since May 2024.

PRO has governed the city of Buenos Aires since 2007 and formed Cambiemos with the Radical Civic Union and the Civic Coalition ARI with which they won the 2015 general election.

Macri re-opened Argentina to international markets by lifting currency controls, restructuring sovereign debt, and pressing free-market solutions.

Juntos por el Cambio
Juntos por el Cambio (JxC, English: Together for Change) was a political coalition in Argentina. A liberal coalition, it was created in 2015 as Cambiemos (English: Let's Change), and renamed in 2019. It was composed of Republican Proposal, Radical Civic Union, Civic Coalition ARI and United Republicans.

These three parties respectively nominated Mauricio Macri, Ernesto Sanz, and Elisa Carrió as their representatives in the August 2015 primary elections, which were held to choose which candidate would run in the 2015 presidential election on 25 October. On 9 August, Macri was elected as the candidate who would represent Cambiemos in the presidential election; on 22 November, where he won in second round by 51%.
Novomoskovskaya (Sokolnicheskaya line)
Novomoskovskaya (Russian: Новомоско́вская), formerly known as Kommunarka (Russian: Коммунарка) is a Moscow Metro station on the Sokolnicheskaya line. It was opened on 20 June 2019, along with Filatov Lug, Prokshino, and Olkhovaya., is located between Olkhovaya and Potapovo stations. Novomoskovskaya became the 232nd station of the Moscow Metro. On 28 December 2024, a transfer on the Troitskaya line was opened.

It is in the Kommunarka area of Sosenskoye Settlement in the Novomoskovsky Administrative Okrug southwest of Moscow.

Olkhovaya (Moscow Metro)
Olkhovaya (Russian: Ольховаяpronunciationⓘ) is a Moscow Metro station on the Sokolnicheskaya line. It was opened on 20 June 2019, as part of an extension that included Kommunarka, Prokshino, and Filatov Lug.
Austric languages
The Austric languages are a proposed language family that includes the Austronesian languages spoken in Taiwan, Maritime Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, and Madagascar, as well as Kra–Dai and Austroasiatic languages spoken in Mainland Southeast Asia and South Asia. A genetic relationship between these language families is seen as plausible by some scholars, but remains unproven.

Additionally, Hmong–Mien languages are included by some linguists, and even Japanese was speculated to be Austric in an early version of the hypothesis by Paul K. Benedict.

Kra–Dai languages
The Kra–Dai languages (/ˈkrɑː.daɪ/ KRAH-dy), also known as Tai–Kadai (/ˈtaɪ.kəˌdaɪ/ TIE-kə-DYE) and Daic (/ˈdaɪ.ɪk/ DYE-ik), are a language family in mainland Southeast Asia, southern China, and northeastern India. All languages in the family are tonal, including Thai and Lao, the national languages of Thailand and Laos, respectively. Around 93 million people speak Kra–Dai languages; 60% of those speak Thai. Ethnologue lists 95 languages in the family, with 62 of these being in the Tai branch.
World Fencing Championships
The World Fencing Championships (also known as Senior Fencing World Championships) is an annual competition in fencing organized by the International Fencing Federation. Contestants may participate in foil, épée, and sabre events.

International Fencing Federation
The   International Fencing Federation  (Fédération Internationale d'Escrime) commonly known by the acronym FIE, is the international governing body of Olympic fencing. Today, its head office is at the Maison du Sport International in Lausanne, Switzerland. The FIE is composed of 155 national federations, each of which is recognized by its country's Olympic Committee as the sole representative of Olympic-style fencing in that country.
North Shore (Chicago)
In the context of the Chicago metropolitan area, the North Shore refers to a string of affluent suburbs stretching north of the city proper on the shores of Lake Michigan. Located in Cook and Lake Counties along Metra's Union Pacific North Line, these communities are (from south to north) Wilmette, Kenilworth, Winnetka, Glencoe, Highland Park, Highwood, Lake Forest, and Lake Bluff. Communities like Deerfield, Riverwoods, Bannockburn, Northfield, Northbrook, and Glenview—which are all slightly further inland—are also sometimes considered part of this region, although their inclusion is contested. Apart from its wealth, the North Shore is also known for its proximity to the lake, high levels of educational attainment, and highly rated public schools. Some of the wealthiest zip codes in the United States are located in the North Shore; Lake County is the third-wealthiest county in Illinois and among the wealthiest in the U.S.

Glencoe, Illinois
Glencoe (/ˈɡlɛnˌkoʊ/) is a lakefront village in northeastern Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,849. Glencoe is part of Chicago's North Shore and one of the wealthiest communities in Illinois. According to the United States Census Bureau, the median household income in Glencoe was $228,750 in 2022.
L chondrite
The L type ordinary chondrites are the second most common group of meteorites, accounting for approximately 35% of all those catalogued, and 40% of the ordinary chondrites. The ordinary chondrites are thought to have originated from three parent asteroids, with the fragments making up the H chondrite, L chondrite and LL chondrite groups respectively.

H chondrite
The H type ordinary chondrites are the most common type of meteorite, accounting for approximately 40% of all those catalogued, 46% of the ordinary chondrites, and 44% of all chondrites. The ordinary chondrites are thought to have originated from three parent asteroids, whose fragments make up the H chondrite, L chondrite and LL chondrite groups respectively.
Greater Manchester congestion charge
The Greater Manchester congestion charge was part of a bid to the Government's Transport Innovation Fund for a £3-billion package of transport funding and the introduction of a road congestion charge for Greater Manchester, a metropolitan county in North West England. In 2008, two cordons were proposed—the outer encircling the main urban core of the Greater Manchester Urban Area and the inner covered Manchester city centre. The Greater Manchester Transport Innovation Fund was rejected by a referendum on 12 December 2008.

The proposed charge was to help pay for improvements in public transport, with £3 billion in the form of a grant and loan, in particular for the Manchester Metrolink expansion, and to reduce congestion in Greater Manchester.

Transport Innovation Fund
England portal

The Transport Innovation Fund (TIF) was a transport funding mechanism in England, that has been replaced by the Urban Challenge Fund in March 2010. Its creation was announced by Her Majesty's Government in the July 2004 White Paper, ’The Future of Transport’.  The fund had two strands for supporting different types of project: Congestion TIF where local authorities bid for funds for their own schemes; and Productivity TIF where the DfT would identify schemes of national importance.

TIF represented a new approach by the Department for Transport (DfT) to allocating some of its budget for England.  The fund did not apply to Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland but they would not lose out because the budget for the fund will come from England’s overall allocation, calculated by a mechanism known as the Barnett formula.
Margie Joseph
Margaret Marie Joseph (born August 19, 1950) is an American R&B, soul and gospel singer. Her greatest success came in the 1970s with a duet with Blue Magic on "What's Come Over Me" and her versions of Paul McCartney's "My Love" and The Supremes' "Stop! In the Name of Love".

Blue Magic (band)
Blue Magic is an American R&B and soul group, and one of the more popular Philadelphia soul groups of the 1970s. Founded in 1972, the group's original members included lead singer Ted Mills with Vernon Sawyer, Wendell Sawyer, Keith Beaton, and Richard Pratt. From 1972 to 1976 they had 6 top twenty hits on Billboard's R&B chart. Their most notable song was a number one R&B hit single entitled, "Sideshow", which peaked at number 8 on Billboard's pop chart. "Sideshow" sold over one million units and was awarded an RIAA gold record certification. Other notable songs included, "Spell", "What’s Come Over Me", "Three Ring Circus", "Look Me Up", "Welcome To The Club" and "Stop to Start".

Blue Magic was inducted into The Atlantic City Walk of Fame, Presented by The National R&B Music Society, on April 28, 2025.
Heathfield railway station (Devon)
Heathfield railway station, originally Chudleigh Road railway station before the Teign Valley Line opened, was on the Moretonhampstead and South Devon Railway at Heathfield, nearly 4 miles (6.4 km) from Newton Abbot, Devon, England.

Teign Valley line
The Teign Valley line was a single-tracked railway line that ran from Heathfield to Exeter, via the Teign Valley, in Devon, England. It joined the South Devon main line at Exeter City Basin Junction. The line was open to passenger services between 1882 and 1958.
Éthiopiques
Éthiopiques is a series of compact discs featuring Ethiopian singers and musicians. Many of the CDs compile songs from various singles and albums that Amha Records, Kaifa Records and Philips-Ethiopia released during the 1960s and 1970s in Ethiopia. Prominent singers and musicians from this era appearing on Éthiopiques releases include Alemayehu Eshete, Asnaketch Worku, Mahmoud Ahmed, Mulatu Astatke and Tilahun Gessesse. However, some other releases contain new recordings.

Tilahun Gessesse
Tilahun Gessesse (Amharic: ጥላሁን ገሠሠ; 27 September 1940 – 19 April 2009) was an Ethiopian singer regarded as one of the most popular Ethiopian artists of the 20th century. Noted by his tenor voice, he was nicknamed "The Voice" during his country's "Golden Age" in the 1960s. Tilahun was an eminent singer whose works are attributed legacy to Ethiopian music. Besides his popularity, he raised money for aid during the famines of the 1970s and 1980s and earned the affection of the nation, being awarded a doctorate degree by the Addis Ababa University and also winning a lifetime achievement award from the Ethiopian Fine Art and Mass Media Prize Trust.

Tilahun died from diabetes on 19 April 2009 shortly after returning from the United States. His funeral took place in Addis Ababa at Holy Trinity Cathedral on 23 April with mass public figures and mourners gathered.
Total least squares
In applied statistics, total least squares is a type of errors-in-variables regression, a least squares data modeling technique in which observational errors on both dependent and independent variables are taken into account. It is a generalization of Deming regression and also of orthogonal regression, and can be applied to both linear and non-linear models.

The total least squares approximation of the data is generically equivalent to the best, in the Frobenius norm, low-rank approximation of the data matrix.

Low-rank approximation
In mathematics, low-rank approximation refers to the process of approximating a given matrix by a matrix of lower rank. More precisely, it is a minimization problem, in which the cost function measures the fit between a given matrix (the data) and an approximating matrix (the optimization variable), subject to a constraint that the approximating matrix has reduced rank. The problem is used for mathematical modeling and data compression. The rank constraint is related to a constraint on the complexity of a model that fits the data. In applications, often there are other constraints on the approximating matrix apart from the rank constraint, e.g., non-negativity and Hankel structure.

Low-rank approximation is closely related to numerous other techniques, including principal component analysis, factor analysis, total least squares, latent semantic analysis, orthogonal regression, and dynamic mode decomposition.
Quentin Burdick
Quentin Northrup Burdick (June 19, 1908 – September 8, 1992) was an American lawyer and politician. A member of the North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party, he represented North Dakota in the U.S. House of Representatives (1959–1960) and the U.S. Senate (1960–1992). At the time of his death, he was the third longest-serving senator (after Strom Thurmond and Robert Byrd) among current members of the Senate.

North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party
The North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party (abbreviated Democratic-NPL or simply D-NPL) is the North Dakota affiliate of the national Democratic Party. It was formed by the 1956 merger of the state Democratic Party with the Nonpartisan League; the state previously had a three-party political system. The D-NPL is one of only two state Democratic Party affiliates to have a different name from the central party, the other being the neighboring Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party.

The party holds 5 seats in the North Dakota Senate, and 11 seats in the North Dakota House of Representatives.
Carol Garrison
Carol Z. Garrison was the 6th President of the University of Alabama at Birmingham. The Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama System unanimously voted to appoint her to the office on July 23, 2002. She stepped down from presidency on August 16, 2012.

She is a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Sigma Xi, and Delta Omega. She was twice honored as the Carolina Distinguished Professor.

University of Alabama at Birmingham
The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) is a public research university in Birmingham, Alabama, United States. Founded in 1969 and part of the University of Alabama System, UAB has grown to be the state's largest employer, with more than 27,302 faculty and staff and over 53,000 jobs at the university. The university is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

UAB offers 140 programs of study in 12 academic divisions leading to bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degrees. In the fall of 2024, UAB enrolled 20,905 students from more than 110 countries. The UAB Health System, one of the largest academic medical centers in the United States, is affiliated with UAB.

The UAB athletic teams known as the Blazers compete in 18 varsity-level sports in the NCAA Division I - American Athletic Conference. Its official varsity colors are green and gold. The Blazers have won 11 conference championships to date.
Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Victoria Franziska Antonia Juliane Luise; 14 February 1822 – 10 November 1857) was the daughter of Ferdinand, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry, and Princess Maria Antonia Koháry de Csábrág et Szitnya. Her father was the second son of Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, and Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf. Through her father, she was the first cousin of Queen Victoria as the Queen's mother was her aunt.

Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Prince Ferdinand Georg August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (28 March 1785 – 27 August 1851) was a German prince of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and a general of cavalry in the Austrian Imperial and Royal Army during the Napoleonic Wars. Initially remaining a Lutheran until 1818, by marriage he established the Catholic branch of the family, which eventually gained the thrones of Portugal (1837) and Bulgaria (1887).: 107
Silver Nova
Silver Nova is a luxury cruise ship, the 12th ship in service with Silversea Cruises. She was ordered in 2018 and completed in 2023. Nova is the first ship in the company's new Evolution-class, and designed with the intent of environmentally friendly cruising. It is the first hybrid luxury cruise ship, powered by a combination of liquefied natural gas (LNG), fuel cell system, and batteries, enabling it to be emissions free when in port. The ship was built at a Meyer Werft in Germany, featuring a unique asymmetrical design.

Silversea Cruises
Silversea is a luxury cruise line and expedition travel brand headquartered in Monaco. Founded in 1994 by the Vlasov Group of Monaco and the Lefebvre family of Rome, it pioneered all-inclusive cruising with its first ship, Silver Cloud. Since July 2020, it has been owned by Royal Caribbean Group.
Hail Province, Saudi Arabia
Hail Province
is a province in Saudi Arabia, located in the north-central part of the country in the Najd region. It is named after its seat, Hail, and is known for the twin mountain ranges of Aja and Salma, as well as for being the homeland of the historic symbol of generosity and curiosity, Hatim al-Tai.

Hail (city)
Hail (Arabic: حائل, Ḥāʾil) is a city in north-western Saudi Arabia, located between the Shammar Mountains of Aja and Salma. It is the seat and largest city of Hail Province. As of 2022, Hail has a population of 498,575.

Hail is largely agricultural, with significant grain, date, and fruit production. A large percentage of the kingdom's wheat production comes from Hail Province, where the area to the northeast, 60 to 100 km (37 to 62 miles) away, consists of irrigated gardens. Historically, Hail derived its wealth from being on the camel caravan route of the Hajj. Hail is well known for the generosity of its people throughout Saudi Arabia and the Arab world as it is the place where Hatim al-Tai lived. It is also the homeland of the Rashidi dynasty, historical rivals to the House of Saud.
Afoa Moega Lutu
Afoafouvale Leulumoegafou Suʻesuʻe Lutu (February 24, 1947 – December 15, 2023) was an American Samoan politician and attorney. Lutu has served as the former attorney general of American Samoa in two different administrations. He was a former senator from the district of Maʻopūtasi, serving the villages of Fagatogo, Utulei and Fagaʻalu.  He was the last known holder of the high chief title, Afoafouvale.

Attorney General of American Samoa
The attorney general of American Samoa is the chief law enforcement officer and chief legal advisor to the American Samoa government.

The attorney general of American Samoa aims to serve, protect, and represent the government and the people by enforcing the laws of American Samoa and the United States. The office has the following divisions:

Administration Division

Prosecution Division

Litigation Division

Solicitors Division

Consumer Counsel Division

Juvenile Division

Child Support Enforcement Division (CSED)
Hudson Institute
Hudson Institute is an American right-wing neoconservative think tank based in Washington, D.C. It was founded in 1961 in Croton-on-Hudson, New York, by futurist Herman Kahn and his colleagues Max Singer and Oscar M. Ruebhausen at the RAND Corporation.

Kahn was a physicist and military consultant known for envisioning nuclear war scenarios. The institute's research branched out from the military into various areas including economics, health, education, and gambling. Kahn died in 1983, and the institute moved to Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1984. The institute helped design Wisconsin's influential workfare program in the mid-1990s. Hudson relocated to Washington, D.C., in 2004. It has been noted for work with governments and industries, including defense and agribusiness.

Croton-on-Hudson, New York
Croton-on-Hudson (/kroʊtɪn/ KROH-tin) is a village in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 8,327 at the 2020 United States census over 8,070 at the 2010 census. It is located in the town of Cortlandt as part of New York City's northern suburbs. The village was incorporated in 1898.
Un garçon pas comme les autres
"Un garçon pas comme les autres" (transl. "a boy unlike any other") is a song written and produced by Michel Berger and Luc Plamondon for the 1978 rock opera, Starmania. It was originally performed by Fabienne Thibeault and released on the Starmania album in 1978. Canadian singer Celine Dion covered the song on her 1991 album, Dion chante Plamondon. In 1992, she also recorded an English-language version, "Ziggy", with lyrics by Tim Rice, which was released on the Tycoon album. Dion released both versions on a two-track single in France in 1993, reaching number two on the chart and receiving gold certification.

Starmania (album)
Starmania is the cast album performed by the original cast members from the 1978 cyberpunk rock opera Starmania, with music by Michel Berger and lyrics by Luc Plamondon. Originally, it was released on vinyl and cassette in 1978. In 1991, Starmania was issued on a CD with "SOS d'un terrien en détresse" performed by Daniel Balavoine replacing "Starmania (l'air de l'extraterrestre)". The album peaked at number four in France and was certified Diamond.
Camelidae
Camelidae is a family of mammals belonging to the ungulate order Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) and the only living family in the suborder Tylopoda. The seven extant species of camelid are divided into two tribes, Camelini, including dromedary camels, Bactrian camels and wild Bactrian camels, and Lamini, including llamas, alpacas, vicuñas, and guanacos.

Lamini
Lamini (members are called lamines) is a tribe of the subfamily Camelinae. It contains one extant genus with four species, all exclusively from South America: llamas, alpacas, vicuñas, and guanacos. The former two are domesticated species, while the latter two are only found in the wild. The four species can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Additionally, there are several extinct genera.

The digestive system of lamoids allows them to digest certain toxins. Laminoids also lack a gallbladder.