hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chau Tak-hay
Brian Chau Tak-hay, GBS CBE (Chinese: 周德熙; born 26 January 1943) is a former Hong Kong government official. He has served in many positions regarding to trade, including the Secretary for Trade and Industry from 1991 to 1995 and from 1998 to 2002 and Secretary for Broadcasting, Culture and Sport from 1995 to 1998. Since 2002, he has been Special Consultant to the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China.

Gold Bauhinia Star
The Gold Bauhinia Star (Chinese: 金紫荊星章, GBS) is the highest rank in Order of the Bauhinia Star, under the honours system of Hong Kong, created in 1997 to replace the British honours system after the transfer of sovereignty to the People's Republic of China and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR).

It is awarded to individuals who have given distinguished service to the community or rendered public or voluntary services of a very high degree of merit.
2012 Quebec general election
The 2012 Quebec general election took place in the Canadian province of Quebec on September 4, 2012. Lieutenant Governor Pierre Duchesne dissolved the National Assembly on August 1, 2012, following Premier Jean Charest's request. The Parti Québécois were elected to a minority government, with Pauline Marois becoming the first woman to be Premier of Quebec. The Quebec Liberal Party took second place, with Premier Jean Charest losing his seat. The newly formed party Coalition Avenir Québec led by François Legault took third place, while Québec solidaire took 2 seats out of the 125.

During Marois' victory speech, an attack including gunshots and a fire occurred at the Métropolis concert hall housing the event and a forty-year-old man died as a result of gunshot wounds.

2012 Montreal shooting
On the night of September 4, 2012, the Parti Québécois won the Quebec general election, with a minority government. Party leader Pauline Marois was partway through her victory speech at the Métropolis in downtown Montreal when Richard Henry Bain, in an attempt to assassinate her and "kill as many separatists as possible", approached the building and opened fire with a semi-automatic rifle, killing one stage technician and severely injuring another. After his rifle jammed, Bain lit a fire in the back of the building and was quickly tackled and apprehended by Montreal police. In 2016, Bain was convicted of second-degree murder along with three counts of attempted murder and was sentenced to twenty years in prison.
Adelaide Rush
The Adelaide Rush is an Australian amateur ice hockey team from Adelaide, South Australia. Founded in 2005 as the Adelaide Assassins, the Rush, who were also known as the Adrenaline for four years, have been a member of the Australian Women's Ice Hockey League (AWIHL) since inception in 2007. The Rush are based at the Adelaide Ice Arena in the central suburb of Thebarton in Adelaide. The team has won six Joan McKowen trophies and are three time league premiers.

Australian Women's Ice Hockey League
The Australian Women's Ice Hockey League (AWIHL) is Australia's top-tier women's ice hockey league. Established in 2005 as Australia's first women's national league, the AWIHL has amateur status and is sanctioned by Ice Hockey Australia (a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation). The AWIHL is currently contested by six teams from five Australian states, including South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Western Australia and Victoria. The league champion is awarded the Joan McKowen Memorial Trophy and the premier is awarded The Gower Memorial Shield (which replaced the Stephanie Boxall Trophy in 2023). The most successful team in AWIHL history is Melbourne Ice (women), who have claimed nine championship titles. The current champion, from 2024–25, is the Melbourne Ice (women).
Dreamside
Dreamside is a fantasy novel by British author Graham Joyce, first published in the United Kingdom by Pan Books in 1991. It was later reprinted in the United States by Tor Books in 2000. The novel's primary themes are the power of the subconscious and the futility of attempting to escape the past.

Joyce wrote Dreamside in the late-1980s while living on the Greek islands of Lesbos and Crete. He sold the book in 1989. Dreamside was later translated into French by Thomas Bauduret and published as L'enfer du rêve in France in May 1995.

Graham Joyce
Graham William Joyce (22 October 1954 – 9 September 2014) was a British writer of speculative fiction and the recipient of numerous awards, including the O. Henry Award, the World Fantasy Award, and six times the British Fantasy Award for both his novels and short stories.
Oblique muscle of auricle
The oblique muscle of auricle (oblique auricular muscle or Tod muscle) is an intrinsic muscle of the outer ear.

The oblique muscle of auricle is placed on the cranial surface of the pinna. It consists of a few fibers extending from the upper and back part of the concha to the convexity immediately above it.

Outer ear
The outer ear, external ear, or auris externa is the external part of the ear, which consists of the auricle (also pinna) and the ear canal. It gathers sound energy and focuses it on the eardrum (tympanic membrane).
Massachusetts Route 129
Route 129 is a 34.08-mile-long (54.85 km) east–west Massachusetts state route that runs from Route 4 and Route 110 in Chelmsford to Route 114 in Marblehead. Along the way it intersects several major highways including U.S. Route 3 (US 3) in Chelmsford, Interstate 93 (I-93) in Wilmington, I-95 in Wakefield, and US 1 in Saugus and Lynnfield.

Massachusetts Route 110
Route 110 is a 69.24-mile-long (111.43 km) southwest–northeast state route in the U.S. state of  Massachusetts. Route 110's western terminus is at a concurrency of Route 12 and Route 140 in West Boylston, and its eastern terminus is at the junction of U.S. Route 1 (US 1) and Route 1A in Sailsbury, a few miles from the Atlantic Ocean. Route 110 provides an alternate route for the northern part (north of Route 2) of Interstate 495 (I-495).
Wadi Degla SC (women)
Wadi Degla Sporting Club (Women) (Arabic: نادي وادي دجلة الرياضي) is an Egyptian women's football club based in Cairo. The club is related to Wadi Degla Holding, a construction company established in 1994.

The club has won the Egyptian Women's Premier League a record 12 times. The club is affiliated to men's team of Wadi Degla SC who have been playing in the Egyptian Premier League since the 2009–10 season.

Wadi Degla SC
Wadi Degla Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي وادي دجلة الرياضي) is an Egyptian sports club, from Cairo, known for its football team who currently play in Egyptian Second Division A. The club is related to Wadi Degla Holding, a construction company established in 1994.

In 2009–10, the club was promoted to the Egyptian Premier League for the first time in its history.
Edward Stanley Gibbons
Edward Stanley Gibbons (21 June 1840 – 17 February 1913)  was an English stamp dealer and founder of Stanley Gibbons Ltd, publishers of the Stanley Gibbons stamp catalogue and other stamp-related books and magazines.

Stanley Gibbons
The Stanley Gibbons Group plc is a company quoted on the London Stock Exchange specialising in the retailing of collectable postage stamps and similar products. The group is incorporated in London. The company is a major stamp dealer and philatelic publisher. The company's philatelic subsidiary, Stanley Gibbons Limited, had a royal warrant of appointment from Queen Elizabeth II.
Cadbury Creme Egg
Cadbury Creme Egg (originally named Fry's Creme Egg), is a chocolate confection produced in the shape of an egg. It was launched by the British chocolatier J. S. Fry's in 1963 before being renamed under sister brand Cadbury's in 1971. The product consists of a thick chocolate shell containing a sweet white and yellow fondant filling. The filling mimics the egg white and yolk of a soft boiled egg.

J. S. Fry & Sons
J. S. Fry & Sons, Ltd. was a British chocolate company owned by Joseph Storrs Fry and his family. Beginning in Bristol in 1761, the business went through several changes of name and ownership, becoming J. S. Fry & Sons in 1822. In 1847, Fry's produced what is often considered the first solid chocolate bar. The company also created the first filled chocolate sweet, Cream Sticks, in 1853. Fry is most famous for Fry's Chocolate Cream, the first mass-produced chocolate bar, which was launched in 1866, and Fry's Turkish Delight, launched in 1914.

Fry, alongside Cadbury and Rowntree's, was one of the big three British confectionery manufacturers throughout much of the 19th and 20th centuries, and all three companies were founded by Quakers. The company became a division of Cadbury in the early 20th century. The division's Somerdale Factory near Bristol was closed after the 2010 takeover of Cadbury's by Kraft Foods Inc.
ǂʼAmkoe language
ǂʼAmkoe /ˈæmkɔɪ/ AM-koy, formerly called by the dialectal name ǂHoan (Eastern ǂHȍã, ǂHûân, ǂHua, ǂHû, or in native orthography ǂHȍȁn), is a severely endangered Kxʼa language of Botswana.  West ǂʼAmkoe dialect, along with Taa (or perhaps the Tsaasi dialect of Taa) and Gǀui, form the core of the Kalahari Basin sprachbund, and share a number of characteristic features, including the largest consonant inventories in the world.  ǂʼAmkoe was shown to be related to the Juu languages by Honken and Heine (2010), and these have since been classified together in the Kxʼa language family.

Gǀui dialect
Gǀui or Gǀwi (pronounced /ˈɡwiː/ GWEE in English, and also spelled ǀGwi, ǀ᪶Ui, Dcui, Gcwi, or Cgui) is a Khoe dialect of Botswana with 2,500 speakers (2004 Cook). It is part of the Gǁana dialect cluster, and is closely related to Naro. It has a number of loan words from ǂʼAmkoe.  Gǀui, ǂʼAmkoe, and Taa form the core of the Kalahari Basin sprachbund, and share a number of characteristic features, including extremely large consonant inventories.
Byomkesh Bakshi (2010 film)
Byomkesh Bakshi is an Indian Bengali-language crime drama film about the exploits of the fictional detective Byomkesh Bakshi. It is directed by Anjan Dutt and produced by Kaustuv Ray. The film was released on 13 August 2010 and spawned five sequels till date, including Abar Byomkesh (2012), Byomkesh Phire Elo (2014), Byomkesh Bakshi (2015), Byomkesh O Chiriyakhana (2016) and Byomkesh O Agnibaan (2017).

Byomkesh Phire Elo
Byomkesh Phire Elo is a 2014 Indian mystery thriller film based on the Bengali fictional detective Byomkesh Bakshi, released on 19 December 2014. The film is directed by Anjan Dutt. This is the third installment of Byomkesh series by Anjan Dutt, serving as a sequel to Byomkesh Bakshi and Abar Byomkesh. The film is based on Beni Sanghar by Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay.
Morgan Park, Duluth, Minnesota
Morgan Park is a neighborhood in Duluth, Minnesota, United States. The site of a coking and mill operation that closed in 1981, it was closed to the public for decades after being placed on the Superfund list by the Environmental Protection Agency.

Arbor Street/88th Avenue West serves as a main route in the community. Grand Avenue is nearby. The area was first developed for worker housing to support the U.S. Steel plant known as the Duluth Works. It was developed along the Saint Louis River.

Duluth Works
The Duluth Works was an industrial steel and cement manufacturing complex located in Duluth, Minnesota, United States, in operation from 1916 to 1981. The complex was operated by the U.S. Steel. Officially, the plant's purpose was to supply the growing Midwest with steel finished products. Unofficially, they were built as part of a "gentleman's agreement" between U.S. Steel and the State of Minnesota to not impose hefty iron ore taxes on U.S. Steel in exchange for a fully integrated steel plant within Minnesota, whose mines furnished 80% of the ore to U.S. Steel. The combined works of the steel and cement plant were the largest employers in Duluth and the fourth largest industrial complex in Minnesota.
Banque Canadienne Nationale
The Banque Canadienne Nationale (French pronunciation: [bɑ̃k kanadjɛn nɑsjɔnal]; lit. 'Canadian National Bank') was a Canadian bank that existed from 1873 to 1979. The bank was founded in Montreal in 1873 as the Banque d'Hochelaga and began operations the following year. In 1924, the bank renamed itself the Banque Canadienne Nationale after it took over the Banque nationale. In 1979, it merged with the Provincial Bank of Canada to form the National Bank of Canada.

Provincial Bank of Canada
The Provincial Bank of Canada (French: Banque provinciale du Canada) was a Canadian bank that existed from 1861 to 1979. The bank was founded in Montreal as the Banque Jacques-Cartier, and on 7 May 1900 changed its name to the Banque provinciale.
Morpheus
Morpheus (Ancient Greek: Μορφεύς, romanized: Morpheús 'Fashioner', derived from Ancient Greek: μορφή, romanized: morphḗ, meaning 'form, shape') is a god associated with sleep and dreams. In Ovid's Metamorphoses he is the son of Somnus (Sleep, the Roman counterpart of Hypnos) and appears in dreams in human form. From the Middle Ages, the name began to stand more generally for the god of dreams, or of sleep.

Somnus
In Roman mythology, Somnus ("sleep") is the personification of sleep. His Greek counterpart is Hypnos. Somnus resided in the underworld. According to Virgil, Somnus was the brother of Death (Mors), and according to Ovid, Somnus had a 'thousand' sons, the Somnia ('dream shapes'), who appear in dreams 'mimicking many forms'. Ovid named three of the sons of Somnus: Morpheus, who appears in human guise, Icelos / Phobetor, who appears as beasts, and Phantasos, who appears as inanimate objects.
Texas State Highway 9
State Highway 9 (SH 9) is a highway near Copperas Cove, Texas. It connects Interstate 14 (I-14), U.S. Route 190 (US 190), and U.S. Highway 190 Business (Bus. US 190) outside of Copperas Cove to Farm to Market Road 116 (FM 116) on the north side of Copperas Cove. The highway opened on February 20, 2014 with a ribbon cutting at 2:00 p.m.

U.S. Route 190
U.S. Route 190 (US 190) is an east–west United States Highway in Louisiana and Texas. Segments of US 190 will be upgraded to Interstate 14 (I-14); the first 24.8-mile (39.9 km) segment was opened on January 26, 2017.
Wil Time Bigtime
Wil Time Bigtime (formerly known as Willing Willie) is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by TV5. The show was hosted by Willie Revillame. It aired from October 23, 2010 to January 5, 2013, replacing 5 Max Movies and Oplan Zero Tambay and was replaced by Super Sine Prime and Aksyon Weekend. The show commemorated its first anniversary at the Araneta Coliseum on October 22, 2011.

The show ended its run on January 5, 2013, and Wowowillie, was launched as its replacement on January 26, 2013.

Wowowillie
Wowowillie is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by TV5. Hosted by Willie Revillame, it aired from January 26 to October 12, 2013. The show earned the distinction of being the only noontime program to have a Strong Parental Guidance (SPG) rating from the MTRCB, which was imposed due to the dancers' provocative outfits.

Revillame admitted in an interview in September 2013 that the show's ratings "fell below expectations" and contemplated on a possible cancellation. The show aired its final episode on October 12, 2013, nearly nine months after its debut. Wil To Win later premiered in 2024.
Lady Godiva Memorial Bnad
The Lady Godiva Memorial Bnad [sic] (LGMB) is a student-run scramble band within the University of Toronto Engineering Society. The band is notable for its open membership policy and sometimes audacious and surprise appearances at events, venues and university lectures.

Originally named the Lady Godiva Memorial Band, the group has been renamed since its founding to the Lady Godiva Memorial Bnad, with the title "Bnad" purposely misspelled.

While the band has traditional marching band instrumentation, members can also be seen with objects such as stop signs, fire bells, jugs, and frying pans.

Similar bands exist in engineering faculties at the University of Manitoba (Engineering Symonized Marching Band [sic]) and the University of British Columbia (Godiva Band).

Some notable past members of the LGMB include Don Monro (1961–1966) and Bob Bossin (1966–1969).

University of Toronto Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering
The University of Toronto Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering is the engineering school of the University of Toronto, a public research university in Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1873 and currently is housed in 15 facilities on the southern side of the St. George campus and three buildings located across downtown Toronto. The faculty offers undergraduate, master's, and doctoral degrees in engineering sciences on the St. George campus, and select graduate programs on the Mississauga campus. It also maintains a partnership with the Rotman School of Management for a dual-degree program.

Within the university, it is known by the nickname of Skule and has the oldest university engineering society in Canada.
Nautia gens
The gens Nautia was an old patrician family at ancient Rome.  The first of the gens to obtain the consulship was Spurius Nautius Rutilus in 488 BC, and from then until the Samnite Wars the Nautii regularly filled the highest offices of the Roman Republic.  After that time, the Nautii all but disappear from the record, appearing only in a handful of inscriptions, mostly from Rome and Latium.  A few Nautii occur in imperial times, including a number who appear to have been freedmen, and in the provinces.

Spurius Nautius Rutilus (consul 488 BC)
Spurius Nautius Rutilus (fl. c. 493 – 488 BC) was a Roman Republican aristocrat of the Patrician gens Nautia, who lived during the early 5th century BC. He served as Consul of Rome in 488 BC, with Sextus Furius as his colleague.
Anti-ballistic missile
An anti-ballistic missile (ABM) is a surface-to-air missile designed to destroy in-flight ballistic missiles. They achieve this explosively (chemical or nuclear), or via hit-to-kill kinetic vehicles, which may also have self-maneuvering capabilities.

Tactical systems are widely deployed to counter short and intermediate-range ballistic missiles that carry conventional warheads.

Strategic systems, deployed by the United States, Russia, China, and Israel, are capable of intercepting intercontinental ballistic missiles, typically used to carry strategic nuclear warheads. During the Cold War, the 1972 ABM Treaty limited the nuclear arms race; excessive ICBM production would have been favoured to overwhelm ABM systems. For modern strategic systems, Russia's ABMs are the only ones that are themselves armed with nuclear warheads.

Missile defense
Missile defense is a system, weapon, or technology involved in the detection, tracking, interception, and also the destruction of attacking missiles. Conceived as a defense against nuclear-armed intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), its application has broadened to include shorter-ranged non-nuclear tactical and theater missiles.

China, France, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Russia, Taiwan, the United Kingdom and the United States have all developed such air defense systems.
Providence Mountains State Recreation Area
The Providence Mountains State Recreation Area is located in the Providence Mountains, within the Mojave National Preserve in San Bernardino County, California. It is also home to the Mitchell Caverns Natural Preserve.

Mojave National Preserve
Mojave National Preserve is a US National Preserve located in the Mojave Desert of San Bernardino County, California, between Interstate 15 and Interstate 40. Established in 1994, it is the third largest unit of the National Park system within the contiguous United States, and the largest national preserve.

The preserve spans 1,542,776 acres (6,243 km2). It surrounds Providence Mountains State Recreation Area and Mitchell Caverns Natural Preserve, which are both managed by the California Department of Parks and Recreation.

Natural features include the Kelso Dunes, the Marl Mountains and the Cima Dome, as well as volcanic formations such as Hole-in-the-Wall and the Cinder Cone Lava Beds. The Joshua tree forest covering Cima Dome and the adjacent Shadow Valley is the largest and densest in the world.

The preserve contains the ghost town of Kelso. The defunct Kelso Depot serves as the park's official visitor center, though it is temporarily closed as of 2025.
Idaho State Highway 58
State Highway 58 (SH-58) is a 3-mile (4.8 km) state highway in Kootenai County in the Idaho Panhandle of Idaho, United States. It connects Washington State Route 278 (east of Rockford) with U.S. Route 95 (US 95) and west of Worley. The highway is maintained by the Idaho Transportation Department and lies entirely within the Coeur d'Alene Reservation.

U.S. Route 95 in Idaho
In the U.S. state of Idaho, U.S. Route 95 (US 95) is a north–south highway near the western border of the state, stretching from Oregon to British Columbia for over 538 miles (866 km); it was earlier known in the state as the North and South Highway.

As indicated by its original name, it is the primary north–south highway in Idaho; US 95 connects the Boise metropolitan area in southwestern Idaho with the small cities of Fruitland, Payette, Weiser and New Meadows within the Mountain Time Zone portion of the state. North of the Salmon River where it enters the Pacific Time Zone, US 95 provides an important link to the cities of Grangeville (via SH 13), Lewiston (via US 12) and directly serves Moscow, Coeur d'Alene, Sandpoint and Bonners Ferry before reaching the Canadian border at its northern terminus and continuing into the province of British Columbia as Highway 95. It is also the only road to connect the Idaho Panhandle with the rest of the state.
Avenida Constituyentes
Avenida Constituyentes is an avenue running east/west in western Mexico City. Serving as the principal access road to the Santa Fe business district through the Toluca highway, it frequently experiences traffic jams. It is named in honor of the creators of the Constitution of Mexico.
The avenue runs through Álvaro Obregón and 
Miguel Hidalgo districts. The avenue ends in the crossing with Circuito Interior.

Santa Fe, Mexico City
Santa Fe is a business district and edge city in the west of Mexico City. It is part of the alcaldías (boroughs) of Cuajimalpa and Álvaro Obregón.  Santa Fe consists mainly of luxury highrise buildings surrounding Centro Santa Fe, which is the largest mall in Latin America.  The district includes a residential area and three university campuses.

Paseo de la Reforma  and Avenida Constituyentes  are the main roads to access  the district, and are subject to traffic jams. El Insurgente commuter rail is under construction and has its current terminus in Santa Fe.
Gosankyō
The Go-san-kyō (御三卿, "the Three Lords") were three branches of the Tokugawa clan of Japan. They were descended from the eighth of the fifteen Tokugawa shōguns, Yoshimune (1684–1751). Yoshimune established the Gosankyo to augment (or perhaps to replace) the Gosanke, the heads of the powerful han (fiefs) of Owari, Kishū, and Mito. Two of his sons, together with the second son of his successor Ieshige, established the Tayasu, Hitotsubashi, and Shimizu branches of the Tokugawa. Unlike the Gosanke, they did not rule a han. Still, they remained prominent until the end of Tokugawa rule, and some later shōguns were chosen from the Hitotsubashi line.

Tokugawa Yoshimune
Tokugawa Yoshimune (徳川 吉宗; 27 November 1684 – 12 July 1751) was a Japanese samurai, daimyo and the eighth shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, ruling from 1716 until his abdication in 1745. He was the son of Tokugawa Mitsusada, the grandson of Tokugawa Yorinobu, and the great-grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu. Yoshimune is known for repealing the ban on Western literature.