hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP), also known simply as The Washington Institute (TWI), is a pro-Israel American think tank based in Washington, D.C., focused on the foreign policy of the United States in the Near East.

WINEP was established in 1985 with the support of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) and the funding of many AIPAC donors, in order to provide higher quality research than AIPAC's own publications. John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt described WINEP as "part of the core" of the Israel lobby in the United States.

Israel lobby in the United States
The Israel lobby in the United States comprises individuals and groups who seek to promote policies favorable to the State of Israel and oppose those they see as hostile to Israel's interests or Zionism. The largest American pro-Israel lobbying group is Christians United for Israel, which has over seven million members. The American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) is an influential organization within the lobby. The Israel lobby has funded primary campaigns against members of the two major political parties in the U.S. (the Republican Party and the Democratic Party) who are viewed as hostile to Israel.
Southend West and Leigh
Southend West and Leigh is a constituency in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. In the 2024 general election the seat was won by David Burton-Sampson for Labour. It was previously held by Anna Firth who won the 2022 by-election, following the murder of the incumbent MP, David Amess.

Prior to the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, coming into effect at the 2024 general election, the constituency was known as Southend West.

Murder of David Amess
On 15 October 2021, David Amess, a British Conservative Party politician and Member of Parliament for Southend West, was fatally stabbed at a constituency surgery at Belfairs Methodist Church Hall in Leigh-on-Sea, Essex. His killer, Ali Harbi Ali, a British citizen and Islamic State sympathiser, was arrested at the scene. In April 2022, Ali was convicted of murder and the preparation of terrorist acts, and sentenced to life imprisonment with a whole life order.
George Carnegie, 6th Earl of Northesk
Admiral George Carnegie, 6th Earl of Northesk (2 August 1716 – 22 January 1792) was a Scottish naval officer and peer. He was the son of David Carnegie, 4th Earl of Northesk and Lady Margaret Wemyss and was born on 2 August 1716. A career Royal Navy officer, he fought in the War of the Austrian Succession and the First Carnatic War, where in the East Indies he participated in the action of 6 July 1746. His service was curtailed by a series of debilitating illnesses and he never served at sea again after being promoted to rear-admiral in 1756. He died on 20 January 1792 at age 75.

David Carnegie, 4th Earl of Northesk
David Carnegie, 4th Earl of Northesk (1675 – 14 January 1729) was a Scottish peer and politician.

He was born the son of David Carnegie, 3rd Earl of Northesk and Elizabeth Lindsay. He was invested as a Privy Councillor of Scotland in 1698 and held the office of Sheriff of Forfar in 1702. He held the office of Lord Commissioner of Treasury for Scotland from 1705 until 1708. He served as a representative peer between 1708 and 1715 and was Commissioner of Trade and Manufacturers in 1711.

He married Lady Margaret Wemyss, daughter of James Wemyss, Lord Burntisland and Margaret Wemyss, 3rd Countess of Wemyss, on 29 January 1697 and had seven children, including:

Elizabeth Carnegie (2 January 1699 – 21 September 1767)

David Carnegie, 5th Earl of Northesk (11 June 1701 – 24 June 1741)

Margaret Carnegie (1702–7 July 1722)

Admiral George Carnegie, 6th Earl of Northesk (2 August 1716 – 20 January 1792)

Anne Carnegie (1729)
Fort Prince George
Fort Prince George (sometimes referred to as Trent's Fort) was an incomplete fort on what is now the site of Pittsburgh, at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. The plan to occupy the strategic forks was formed by Virginia Lieutenant Governor Robert Dinwiddie, on the advice of Major George Washington, whom Dinwiddie had sent on a mission to warn French commanders they were on English territory in late 1753, and who had made a military assessment and a map of the site. The fort was still under construction when it was discovered by the French, who sent troops to capture it. The French then constructed Fort Duquesne on the site.

Fort Duquesne
Fort Duquesne (/djuː.ˈkeɪn/ dew-KAYN, French: [dykɛːn]; originally called Fort Du Quesne) was a fort established by the French in 1754, at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers. It was later taken over by the British, and later the Americans, and developed as Pittsburgh in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. Fort Duquesne was destroyed by the French before its British conquest during the Seven Years' War, known as the French and Indian War on the North American front. The British replaced it, building Fort Pitt between 1759 and 1761. The site of both forts is now occupied by Point State Park, where the outlines of the two forts have been laid in granite slabs.
Connecticut Route 154
Route 154 is a state highway in Connecticut running for 28.24 miles (45.45 km). It serves as one of the main thoroughfares in the town of Old Saybrook, intersecting  twice with U.S. Route 1 (US 1). North of Interstate 95 (I-95), Route 154 runs parallel to Route 9, along to the west bank of the Connecticut River. The route ends in Higganum at Route 9.

Connecticut Route 9
Connecticut State Route 9 is a 40.89-mile-long (65.81 km) expressway running from Interstate 95 (I-95) in Old Saybrook north to I-84 in Farmington. It connects the Eastern Coastline of the state along with the Lower Connecticut River Valley to Hartford and the Capital Region.
Saint Jacques River
Saint-Jacques River is a river in southwestern Quebec, Canada that drains the Saint Lawrence Lowlands.  It flows in a general south to north direction, from the area around Saint-Jacques-le-Mineur (in Les Jardins-de-Napierville) to its mouth in the Saint Lawrence River, at the border between the cities of Brossard and La Prairie.

La Prairie, Quebec
La Prairie (French pronunciation: [la pʁɛʁi]) is an off-island suburb (south shore) of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada, at the confluence of the Saint-Jacques River and the Saint Lawrence River in the Regional County Municipality of Roussillon. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 26,406.
Men's World Floorball Championship
The Men's World Floorball Championship is an international floorball competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the International Floorball Federation (IFF). It is held regularly in even years since 1996. In odd years, the women's championship is played. The tournament takes place in December.

The reigning champions are Finland, who won their fifth title at the 2024 tournament in Sweden. The most successful country is Sweden, with 10 wins, the last in 2022, and participation in every final so far. The other medalists are the Czech Republic with two silvers from 2022 and 2004, Switzerland with one from 1998 and Norway with one bronze from 1996.

The next championship will take place in Finland in 2026.

1996 Men's World Floorball Championships
The 1996 Men's Floorball Championships were the first men's Floorball World Championships. It was held in May 1996 in Sweden, and was won by the host nation. The 1996 World Floorball Championships were the first in IFF history.
Jaherthan
Jaherthan, also known as Jahirathan or Jahergarh (Hindi: जाहेरथान, जाहिराथान, जाहेरगढ़), is a sacred grove that is considered the residence of Jaher Ayo and is a worship site for the Santal, Bhumij, Paharia and Bedia tribes in India and Bangladesh. It is a characteristic feature of Bhumij and Santal villages, typically located on the village's outskirts, where many holy spirits reside and where a series of annual festivals take place. The grove is designated during the village's founding and remains undisturbed except during festivals. Inside the grove, a series of uncut stones represent the Bongas (spirits), for which they are not considered substitutes except during festival rituals.

Santal people
The Santal (or Santhal) are an Austroasiatic-speaking Munda ethnic group of the Indian subcontinent. They constitute the largest tribal community in the Indian states of Jharkhand and West Bengal, and are also present in Odisha, Bihar, Assam, and Tripura. They are the largest ethnic minority in northern Bangladesh's Rajshahi Division and Rangpur Division. They have a sizeable population in Nepal. The Santals speak Santali, the most widely spoken language of the Munda subfamily of Austroasiatic languages.
University of Montpellier
The University of Montpellier (French: Université de Montpellier; Occitan: Universitat de Montpelhièr) is a public research university located in Montpellier, in south-east of France. Established in 1220, the University of Montpellier is one of the oldest universities in the world.

The university was split into three universities (the University of Montpellier 1, the University of Montpellier 2 and the Paul Valéry University Montpellier 3) for 45 years from 1970 until 2015 when it was subsequently reunified by the merger of the two former, with the latter, now named Paul Valéry University, Montpellier III, remaining a separate entity.

University of Montpellier Paul Valéry
University of Montpellier Paul Valéry (French: Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier III), also known as or UPVM or Montpellier III, is a public research university in Montpellier, France. It is one of the three successor universities of the University of Montpellier. The university specialises in arts, language and social sciences.

The university is a member of the Coimbra Group, an association of long-established European multidisciplinary universities of high international standard.
Raja Ki Aayegi Baaraat
Raja Ki Aayegi Baaraat (transl.  The King's Entourage Will Arrive) is a 1996 Indian Hindi-language drama film written and directed by Ashok Gaikwad. The film stars Mohnish Behl, Shadaab Khan, Rani Mukerji and Gulshan Grover. The film marked the Hindi film debut of Mukerji and the lead debut of Khan. Starting in 1995, principal photography took place in Gangtok and was coordinated with the filming of Biyer Phool, another home production of Ram Mukherjee, Rani's father, which Rani was simultaneously shooting in the area.

Biyer Phool
Biyer Phool (transl. Wedding Flowers) is a 1996 Indian Bengali-language romantic family drama film, directed and co-written by Ram Mukherjee. It stars Prosenjit Chatterjee, Sabyasachi Chakraborty, Indrani Haldar and Rani Mukerji in her debut.

It was shot in Gangtok and coordinated with the filming of Raja Ki Aayegi Baraat, another home production and Rani's Hindi film debut, which was simultaneously shooting in the area.
Ceiba
Ceiba is a genus of trees in the family Malvaceae, native to tropical and subtropical areas of the Americas (from Mexico and the Caribbean to northern Argentina) and tropical West Africa. Some species can grow to 70 m (230 ft) tall or more, with a straight, largely branchless trunk that culminates in a huge, spreading canopy, and buttress roots that can be taller than a grown person. The best-known, and most widely cultivated, species is kapok, Ceiba pentandra, one of several trees known as kapok. Ceiba is a word from the Taíno language meaning "boat" because Taínos use the wood to build their dugout canoes.

Ceiba species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species, including the leaf-miner Bucculatrix ceibae, which feeds exclusively on the genus.

Recent botanical opinion incorporates Chorisia within Ceiba and puts the genus as a whole within the family Malvaceae.

Ceiba pentandra
Ceiba pentandra is a tropical tree of the order Malvales and the family Malvaceae (previously placed in the family Bombacaceae), native to Central America, the Caribbean, and the northern half of South America; some authors also consider it native in western and central Africa. It is widely introduced in other tropical regions including South and Southeast Asia, where it is cultivated.

The tree and the cotton-like fluff obtained from its seed pods are commonly known in English as kapok, a Malay-derived name which originally applied to the related species Bombax ceiba, a native of tropical Asia. In Spanish-speaking countries the tree is commonly known as "ceiba" and in French-speaking countries as fromager. The tree is cultivated for its cottonlike seed fibre, particularly in south-east Asia, and is also known as the Java cotton, Java kapok, silk-cotton or samauma.
Natalia Utina
Natalia Ieronimovna Utina (born Natalia Ieronimovna Corsini, Russian: Наталья Иеронимовна Утина (Корсини); also known as Natalia Aleyeva; 24 January 1841 – 16 June 1913) was a Russian prosaist and dramaturge. She participated in the Russian revolutionary movement in the 1860s with her husband Nikolai Utin, and in the Russian section of the International Workingmen's Association in Geneva. They both repented and went back to Russia in 1878. She then became a writer, her story Life for Life published in 1885 gained notoriety and depicted the personal drama of Alexander Herzen.

Nikolai Utin
Nikolai Isaakovitch Utin (Russian: Николай Исаакович Утин, French: Nicolas Outine; 8 August 1841 – 1 December 1883) was a Russian socialist and revolutionary. He grew up in Saint Petersburg, and became a charismatic leader of the student movement. Because of his revolutionary activities, he spent most of his adult life in political exile in Switzerland, where he participated in the founding of the Russian section of the International Workingmen's Association and kept up correspondence with liberals and revolutionaries across Europe. In the conflict between Mikhail Bakunin and Karl Marx, he supported Marx, and through his involvement with Geneva journals Narodnoye delo and l'Égalité as a writer and editor, he played an important role in increasing support for Marx at Bakunin's expense. He was extremely influential in revolutionary circles until the breakup of the First International in 1876, whereupon he withdrew from politics and returned to Russia.
Exposure keratopathy
Exposure keratopathy (also known as exposure keratitis) is medical condition affecting the cornea of eyes. It can lead to corneal ulceration and permanent loss of vision due to corneal opacity.

Normally, the corneal surface is kept moist by blinking. During sleep, it is protected by the eyelids. Increased exposure of the cornea to air, due to incomplete or inadequate eyelid closure, causes increased tear evaporation from the corneal surface. Increased tear evaporation leads to instability of the tear film and dryness of the corneal surface, resulting in corneal epithelial damage. Both tear film and corneal epithelium play significant role in corneal protection. Dryness and epithelial damage allow microorganisms to penetrate the cornea, leading to keratitis.

Keratitis
Keratitis is a condition in which the eye's cornea, the clear dome on the front surface of the eye, becomes inflamed. The condition is often marked by moderate to intense pain and usually involves any of the following symptoms: pain, impaired eyesight, photophobia (light sensitivity), red eye and a 'gritty' sensation. Diagnosis of infectious keratitis is usually made clinically based on the signs and symptoms as well as eye examination, but corneal scrapings may be obtained and evaluated using microbiological culture or other testing to identify the causative pathogen.
Henry W. Bloch School of Management
Henry W. Bloch School of Management (formerly known as Henry W. Bloch School of Business and Public Administration) is an AACSB accredited business school founded in 1952 at the University of Missouri-Kansas City in Kansas City, Missouri. It offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in Business, Accounting and Public Administration. It is named after Alumnus Henry W. Bloch, founder of H&R Block. The Bloch School also offers NASPAA accredited degrees in Public administration.

University of Missouri–Kansas City
The University of Missouri–Kansas City (UMKC or Kansas City) is a public research university in Kansas City, Missouri, United States. UMKC is part of the University of Missouri System and includes a medical school and a law school. For the 2023-2024 academic year, the university's enrollment was over 15,300 students. It is the largest university in the Kansas City metropolitan area and ranks among the top three by enrollment among all postsecondary institutions in the metro, including community colleges. It offers more than 125 degree programs over 12 academic units. UMKC now holds a Carnegie “R1: Very High Research Activity” designation, making it the only R1 university in Kansas City. UMKC is also home to the School of Dentistry, Missouri’s only public dental school.
American Congress on Surveying and Mapping
The American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM) was an American professional association representing the interests of those engaged in measuring and communicating geospatial data.

Originally, it was composed of four organizations:

American Association for Geodetic Surveying (AAGS)

National Society of Professional Surveyors (NSPS)

Cartographic and Geographic Information Society (CaGIS)

Geographic and Land Information Society (GLIS)

During the 2000s, CaGIS and GLIS removed themselves from ACSM; in 2012, ACSM legally merged into the NSPS, while AAGS remained separate.

It published the bimonthly ACSM Bulletin, no longer in publication.
ACSM also published the quarterly Surveying and Land Information Science (SaLIS) technical journal, now officially published by the AAGS.

In 1984, it held a joint convention with American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (then American Society for Photogrammetry). At that conference, the Coordinate Metrology Society was founded.

American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
The American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) is an American learned society devoted to photogrammetry and remote sensing.  It is the United States' member organization of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.  Founded in 1934 as American Society of Photogrammetry and renamed in 1985, the ASPRS is a scientific association serving over 7,000 professional members around the world.  As a professional body with oversight of specialists in the arts of imagery exploitation and photographic cartography.
Its official journal is Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing (PE&RS), known as Photogrammetric Engineering between 1937 and 1975.
Schwäbisch Gmünd
Schwäbisch Gmünd (German pronunciation: [ˈʃvɛːbɪʃ ˈɡmʏnt] ⓘ, until 1934: Gmünd; Swabian: Gmẽẽd or Gmend) is a city in the eastern part of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. With a population of around 60,000, the city is the second largest in the Ostalb district and the whole East Württemberg region after Aalen. The city is a Große Kreisstadt since 1956, i.e. a chief city under district administration; it was the administrative capital of its own rural district until the local government reorganisation on 1 January 1973.

There are some institutions of higher education in the city, most notably the Pädagogische Hochschule Schwäbisch Gmünd (University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd) and the Landesgymnasium für Hochbegabte (State Highschool for gifted children).

Schwäbisch Gmünd was a self-ruling free imperial city from the 13th century until its annexation to Württemberg in 1802.

Free imperial city
In the Holy Roman Empire, the collective term free and imperial cities (German: Freie und Reichsstädte), briefly worded free imperial city (Freie Reichsstadt, Latin: urbs imperialis libera), was used from the 15th century to denote a self-ruling city that had a certain amount of autonomy and was represented in the Imperial Diet.

An imperial city held the status of imperial immediacy, and was subordinate only to the Holy Roman Emperor, as opposed to a territorial city or town (Landstadt), which was subordinate to a territorial prince – be it an ecclesiastical lord (prince-bishop, prince-abbot), or a secular prince (duke (Herzog), margrave, count (Graf), etc.).
Heralds of the Gospel
The Heralds of the Gospel (Portuguese: Arautos do Evangelho; Latin: Evangelii Praecones, abbreviated to E.P.) is a Catholic international association of pontifical right founded by Monsignor João Scognamiglio Clá Dias. It is active in 78 countries.

João Scognamiglio Clá Dias
João Scognamiglio Clá Dias (15 August 1939 – 1 November 2024) was a Brazilian Catholic priest and religious writer who founded of the Heralds of the Gospel in was their superior general until his resignation in 2017. Dias joined the Marian Congregation of the Third Carmelite Order in 1956, and was ordained a priest in 2004. He was also the honorary canon of the Papal Basilica of St. Mary Major in Rome. He died in 2024 at the age of 85.
Malabar snakehead
The Malabar snakehead (Channa diplogramma) is a vulnerable species of snakehead from fresh water in the Western Ghats in India. Until 2011, its scientific name was usually considered to be a synonym of C. micropeltes, the giant snakehead.

Channa micropeltes
Channa micropeltes, giant snakehead, giant mudfish or toman harimau, is among the largest species in the family Channidae, capable of growing to 1.8 m (5.9 ft) in length and a weight of 30 kg (66 lb). It is native to the fresh waters of Southeast Asia (South Indian populations are now regarded as a separate species, C. diplogramma), but has also been introduced elsewhere and is considered invasive in Taiwan. Other names include shol machh (শোল মাছ ) in Bengali, red snakehead, redline snakehead, and ikan toman (where ikan is fish in Malay and Indonesian).
Chestnut (horse anatomy)
The chestnut, also known as a night eye, is a callosity on the body of a horse or other equine, found on the inner side of the leg above the knee on the foreleg and, if present, below the hock on the hind leg.  It is believed to be a vestigial toe, and along with the ergot form the three toes of some other extinct Equidae. Darren Naish dissents from this belief, noting that the chestnut is "not associated with the metacarpus or metatarsus, the only places where digits occur."

Chestnuts vary in size and shape and are sometimes compared to the fingerprints in humans. For purposes of identification, some breed registries require photographs of them, among other individual characteristics. However, because chestnuts grow over time and horse groomers often peel or trim off the outer layers for neatness, their appearance is subject to change.

Ergot (horse anatomy)
The ergot is a small callosity (Calcar metacarpeum and Calcar metatarseum) on the underside of the fetlock of a horse or other equine.  Some equines have them on all four fetlocks;  others have few or no detectable ergots.  In horses, the ergot varies from very small to the size of a pea or bean, larger ergots occurring in horses with "feather" – long hairs on the lower legs.  In some other equines, the ergot can be as much as 3.8 cm (1.5 in) in diameter.

The word ergot comes from French ergot 'rooster's spur'.
Meneer Pheip
Meneer Pheip is a Flemish comic book character from the Belgian comic strip The Adventures of Nero by Marc Sleen. In the series he is part of Nero's personal circle of friends, despite often being up in arms with him. He is the husband of Madam Pheip, father of Clo-Clo and adoptive father of Petoetje and Petatje.

Meneer Pheip's most notable character trait is the fact that he speaks French.

Madam Pheip
Madam Pheip is a character from the Flemish comic strip The Adventures of Nero by Marc Sleen. In the series she is one of Nero 's personal friends and married to Meneer Pheip, with whom she has one child, Clo-Clo. Madam Pheip also adopted two children, Petoetje, and Petatje.

Madam Pheip's main distinguishable trait is the fact that she smokes a pipe, as her name implies. Due to her man-wife tendencies she has become one of the most popular characters in the franchise.