hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gatun Dam
The Gatun Dam is an earthen dam across the Chagres River in Panama, near the town of Gatun. The dam, constructed between 1907 and 1913, is a crucial element of the Panama Canal; it impounds the artificial Gatun Lake, which carries ships 33 kilometres (21 mi) of their transit across the Isthmus of Panama. In addition, a hydro-electric generating station at the dam generates electricity which is used to operate the locks and other equipment in the canal.

Construction of the dam was a great engineering achievement, eclipsed only by the parallel excavation of the Culebra Cut; at the time of completion, the dam was the largest earth dam in the world, and Gatun Lake was the largest artificial lake in the world.

Gatun Lake
Gatun Lake (Spanish: Lago Gatún) is a mostly freshwater (slightly saline near the locks) reservoir to the south of Colón, Panama. At approximately 26 m (85 ft) above sea level, it forms a major part of the Panama Canal, carrying ships 33 km (21 mi) of their transit across the Isthmus of Panama. It was created June 27, 1913 when the gates of the spillway at Gatun Dam were closed. The water level was about 14.6 m (48 ft) above sea level and was expected to fill to operating levels in the next six months.
Richie Boucher
Richie Boucher (aged 50 in 2009) is a former chief executive officer (CEO) of the Bank of Ireland, Ireland's largest bank. He was succeeded by Francesca McDonagh in October 2017, having taken on the role on 25 February 2009 from Brian Goggin, who resigned following the injection of Irish Government funds and the guarantee of deposits. His 2012 pay was €843,000.

Brian Goggin (banker)
Brian Goggin is an Irish banker and former CEO of the Bank of Ireland, Ireland's second largest bank.

He took over from Michael Soden in June 2004. He was due to retire in summer 2009 after forty years with Bank of Ireland. He instead retired in February 2009, two days before the Bank of Ireland robbery by which time Richie Boucher had replaced him.

After the crash, Goggin has joined US private equity firm Apollo Management an adviser.

He is also a Board Member of the Irish Heart Foundation.

His brother Colin is a convicted sex offender.
RSM International
RSM International, branded RSM since 2015, is a multinational network of accounting firms based in London, United Kingdom. RSM is the sixth-largest accountancy professional services network in the world by revenue. RSM's member firms are independent accounting and advisory businesses, each of which practices in its own right and is unified as part of the network.

The network is administered by RSM International Limited, a company registered in England and Wales, however the network itself is not a separate legal entity and does  not provide services itself. The largest member firms are RSM US formerly known as McGladrey, and RSM UK formerly Baker Tilly LLP.

RSM US
RSM US LLP is an audit, tax, and consulting firm focused on the middle market in the United States and Canada and is a member of the global accounting network RSM International. RSM US has been ranked as the 7th most prestigious accounting firm in the US as voted on by accounting professionals. It employs more than 16,000 professionals across 81 cities nationwide and in Canada. RSM US also maintains offices in India and El Salvador.

RSM US is the US member firm of RSM International, the 6th largest accounting network in the world with $8 billion in revenue, 51,000 professionals in 120+ countries.
Powell River (British Columbia)
The Powell River is a river in the northern Sunshine Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, that flows a short distance through the eponymous city of Powell River, British Columbia to enter the Salish Sea. It is one of the shortest rivers in the world, measuring 500 metres (1,600 ft) in length.

Powell River, British Columbia
Powell River is a city on the northern Sunshine Coast of southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Most of its population lives near the eastern shores of Malaspina Strait, which is part of the larger Georgia Strait between Vancouver Island and the Mainland. With two intervening long, steep-sided fjords inhibiting the construction of a contiguous road connection with Vancouver to the south, geographical surroundings explain Powell River's remoteness as a community, despite relative proximity to Vancouver and other populous areas of the BC Coast. The city is the location of the head office of the qathet Regional District.
Pennate muscle
A pennate or pinnate muscle (also called a penniform muscle) is a type of skeletal muscle with fascicles that attach obliquely (in a slanting position) to its tendon. This type of muscle generally allows higher force production but a smaller range of motion.
When a muscle contracts and shortens, the pennation angle increases.

Muscle architecture
Muscle architecture is the physical arrangement of muscle fibers at the macroscopic level that determines a muscle's mechanical function. There are several different muscle architecture types including: parallel, pennate and hydrostats. Force production and gearing vary depending on the different muscle parameters such as muscle length, fiber length, pennation angle, and the physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA).
Valuation (algebra)
In algebra (in particular in algebraic geometry or algebraic number theory), a valuation is a function on a field that provides a measure of the size or multiplicity of elements of the field. It generalizes to commutative algebra the notion of size inherent in consideration of the degree of a pole or multiplicity of a zero in complex analysis, the degree of divisibility of a number by a prime number in number theory, and the geometrical concept of contact between two algebraic or analytic varieties in algebraic geometry. A field with a valuation on it is called a valued field.

Algebraic number field
In mathematics, an algebraic number field (or simply number field) is an extension field  of the field of rational numbers  such that the field extension  has finite degree (and hence is an algebraic field extension).
Thus  is a field that contains  and has finite dimension when considered as a vector space over .

The study of algebraic number fields, that is, of algebraic extensions of the field of rational numbers, is the central topic of algebraic number theory. This study reveals hidden structures behind the rational numbers, by using algebraic methods.
LPO-50
The LPO-50 (Russian: Легкий Пехотный Огнемет, romanized: Legkiy Pyekhotnyy Ognemet, lit. 'Light Infantry Flamethrower') is a Soviet flamethrower developed during the 1950s to replace the aging ROKS flamethrowers, it saw limited service during the Vietnam War before it was replaced by the RPO "Rys" and RPO-A Shmel incendiary rocket launchers, though a modernized version known as the Type 74 remains in service with the Chinese People's Liberation Army.

RPO Rys
RPO "Rys"  (Russian: реактивный пехотный огнемёт «Рысь» (РПО «Рысь»), Rocket-propelled Infantry Flamethrower "Lynx") is a napalm rocket-propelled grenade launcher classified as flamethrower by Russian military. The RPO had first entered service in 1975 and it was intended to replace the obsolete LPO-50 flamethrowers. Later it was replaced by the RPO-A Shmel.
Workers Party of Britain
The Workers Party of Britain (WPB), also called the Workers Party of Great Britain (WPGB) or Workers Party GB, is a socialist and socially conservative political party in the United Kingdom, strongly identified with its leader, former Labour and Respect MP George Galloway.

The party was founded in 2019 and won a parliamentary seat when Galloway won the Rochdale by-election in February 2024. However, he lost his seat to Paul Waugh of the Labour Party five months later at the 2024 general election.

2024 Rochdale by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Rochdale was held on 29 February 2024, following the death of incumbent Labour MP Sir Tony Lloyd. It was won by George Galloway of the Workers Party of Britain, who received 40% of the vote and overturned a 9,668 vote Labour majority from the 2019 general election. The turnout was 39.7%, compared to a 60.1% turnout in the constituency at the previous general election.
Taiwan Intellectual Property Office
The Intellectual Property Office (TIPO; Chinese: 經濟部智慧財產局; pinyin: Jīngjìbù Zhìhuì Cáichǎnjú) is the patent, trademark, and copyright office of Taiwan (Republic of China). It operates under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA). As of July 2011, TIPO had a staff of 734 persons, with more than half of them handling patent matters.

Patent office
A patent office is a governmental or intergovernmental organization which controls the issue of patents. In other words, "patent offices are government bodies that may grant a patent or reject the patent application based on whether the application fulfils the requirements for patentability."
Shire of Hinchinbrook
The Shire of Hinchinbrook is a local government area in North Queensland, Queensland, Australia. The shire, administered from the town of Ingham, covers an area of 2,807 square kilometres (1,083.8 sq mi), and has existed since its creation on 11 November 1879 as one of 74 divisions around Queensland under the Divisional Boards Act 1879.

The council consists of a mayor plus six councillors, each of whom represents the entire Shire. Prior to 2008, the council consisted of a mayor plus eight councillors.

In the 2021 census, the Shire of Hinchinbrook had a population of 10,920 people.

Ingham, Queensland
Ingham is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Hinchinbrook, Queensland, Australia.  It is named after William Bairstow Ingham and is the administrative centre for the Shire of Hinchinbrook.

In the 2021 census, the locality of Ingham had a population of 4,455 people.
Rabih War
The Rabih War (1899–1901) was a war fought between France and the Kanem–Bornu Empire, then ruled by the warlord Rabih az-Zubayr. Chiefly motivated by French colonial and economic interests in the Bornu region, France justified the campaign as being part of the struggle against the African slave trade. France was supported in the war by the Sultanate of Bagirmi and by Bornuans who remained loyal to the al-Kanemi dynasty, which had been deposed by Rabih.

Rabih defeated an initial French force, led by Henri Bretonnet, at the battle of Togbao in 1899. After the French increased their efforts and resources, Rabih was defeated and killed at the battle of Kousséri in 1900. The French installed Sanda Kura, an al-Kanemi dynast, as the new ruler of the Kanem–Bornu Empire but the war continued against Rabih's son, Fadlallah. Fadlallah made repeated attempts to regain Bornu and tried to secure British support for his claims but was ultimately defeated and killed at the battle of Gujba in 1901.

Battle of Togbao
The battle of Togbao (18 July 1899) was a military confrontation between a French force led by Henri Bretonnet and the forces of the warlord Rabih az-Zubayr, who occupied the Kanem–Bornu Empire. France was supported by a Bagirmian force, led by Gaourang II. The battle was the first engagement of the Rabih War (1899–1901). Rabih defeated the French–Bagirmian force, which increased French determination over the course of the rest of the war.
Incomplete Cholesky factorization
In numerical analysis, an incomplete Cholesky factorization of a symmetric positive definite matrix is a sparse approximation of the Cholesky factorization. An incomplete Cholesky factorization is often used as a preconditioner for algorithms like the conjugate gradient method.

The Cholesky factorization of a positive definite matrix A of order N is A = LL* where L is a lower triangular matrix. An incomplete Cholesky factorization is given by a lower triangular matrix K that is sparser than L, but in some sense similar to L. The corresponding preconditioner is KK*.

There are many ways of constructing incomplete Cholesky factorizations. This article reviews two of them.

Cholesky decomposition
In linear algebra, the Cholesky decomposition or Cholesky factorization (pronounced /ʃəˈlɛski/ shə-LES-kee) is a decomposition of a Hermitian, positive-definite matrix into the product of a lower triangular matrix and its conjugate transpose, which is useful for efficient numerical solutions, e.g., Monte Carlo simulations. It was discovered by André-Louis Cholesky for real matrices, and posthumously published in 1924.
When it is applicable, the Cholesky decomposition is roughly twice as efficient as the LU decomposition for solving systems of linear equations.
Fischia il vento
"Fischia il vento" ("The Wind Whistles") is an Italian popular song whose text was written in late 1943, at the inception of the Resistance. The tune is based on the Russian song "Katyusha". Along with "Bella ciao" it is one of the most famous songs celebrating the Italian resistance, the anti-fascist movement that fought the forces that occupied Italy during World War II.

Bella ciao
"Bella ciao" (Italian: [ˈbɛlla ˈtʃaːo]) is an anti-Nazi and anti-fascist Italian folk song dedicated to the partisans of the Italian resistance, who fought against the occupying troops of Nazi Germany and the collaborationist fascist forces during the liberation of Italy.

The exact origins are not known, but it is theorized to be based on a folk song of the late 19th century, sung by female workers (mondine) of the paddy fields in Northern Italy in protest against harsh working conditions. There is little evidence of the song being used during World War II, with the current partisan version becoming widespread only after it ended. Versions of Bella ciao continue to be sung worldwide as a hymn of resistance against Nazism, fascism, injustice and oppression.
Mary Boleyn
Mary Boleyn (c. 1499 – 19 or 30 July 1543), also known as Lady Mary, was the sister of English queen consort Anne Boleyn, whose family enjoyed considerable influence during the reign of King Henry VIII.

Mary was one of the mistresses of Henry VIII for an unknown period. It has been rumoured that she bore two of the King's children, though Henry did not acknowledge either. Mary was also rumoured to have been a mistress of Henry VIII's rival, King Francis I of France, for some period between 1515 and 1519.

Mary Boleyn was married twice: in 1520 to William Carey, and again, secretly, in 1534, to William Stafford, a soldier from a good family but with few prospects. This secret marriage to a man considered beneath her station angered King Henry VIII and her sister, Queen Anne, and resulted in Mary's banishment from the royal court. She died seven years later, having spent the remainder of her life in obscurity.

William Stafford (courtier)
Sir William Stafford, of Chebsey, in Staffordshire (c. 1508 – 5 May 1556) was an Essex landowner and the second husband of Mary Boleyn, who was the sister of Anne Boleyn, Queen of England.  Mary was one-time mistress of King Henry VIII of England.
SS Manly
Manly (II) was a ferry that served on the Sydney to Manly run from 1896 to 1924.

Designed by renowned naval architect Walter Reeks, Manly was the first double-ended screw ferry on the Manly run. She, along with Kuring-gai (1901), were the archetypes for the long run of Manly ferries for most of the twentieth century.

SS Kuring-gai
SS Kuring-gai was a ferry that served on the Sydney to Manly run from 1901 to 1928.

An iron framed, steel-plated double-ended screw ferry, it was the archetype of the familiar Manly ferry shape of the 20th century.

The name Kuring-gai is derived from the "Guringai" Aboriginal people who were thought to be the traditional owners of the area immediately north of Sydney. More contemporary research suggests that this was not the case.
Barker Range
Barker Range (72°32′S 166°10′E﻿ / ﻿72.533°S 166.167°E﻿ / -72.533; 166.167﻿ (Barker Range)) is a mountain range trending northwest–southeast and including Jato Nunatak, Mount Watt, Mount McCarthy, and Mount Burton, located at the southwest side of the Millen Range in the Victory Mountains, Victoria Land, Antarctica. 
It was named by the New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee (NZ-APC) for James Barker, leader at Scott Base, 1972.

Victory Mountains
The Victory Mountains (72°40′S 168°00′E﻿ / ﻿72.667°S 168.000°E﻿ / -72.667; 168.000﻿ (Victory Mountains)) are a major group of mountains in Victoria Land, Antarctica, about 100 nautical miles (190 km; 120 mi) long and 50 nautical miles (93 km; 58 mi) wide, which is bounded primarily by Mariner and Tucker glaciers and the Ross Sea.
They are north of the Mountaineer Range, east of the Freyberg Mountains and south of the Concord Mountains and the Admiralty Mountains.
The division between the Victory Mountains and the Concord Mountains (to the northwest) is not precise but apparently lies in the vicinity of Thomson Peak.
Scholasteria
Scholasteria (also known as the rector's house or chapter house) is a historic building located at 5 Cathedral Square in Tarnów. Built in the second half of the 16th century, it has served various residential purposes throughout its history, including as a residence for the rector of the parish school, the chancellor prelate, and the director of the Austrian gymnasium. Today, it is used by the Tarnów Diocesan Museum.

Cathedral Square, Tarnów
Cathedral Square in Tarnów (Polish: Plac Katedralny w Tarnowie) is a town square in the Old Town of Tarnów, located between Katedralna Street and Kapitulna Street, adjacent to the Market Square to the southeast. The square was established during the city's foundation on 7 March 1330. At the same time, construction began on the Gothic Tarnów Cathedral, which still stands today. Over the centuries, the square evolved through numerous construction projects, achieving its modern form at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.
Wendy Matthews
Wendy Joan Matthews (born 13 January 1960) is a Canadian-born Australian singer-songwriter who has been a member of Models and Absent Friends and is a solo artist. She released Top 20 hit singles in the 1990s including "Token Angels", "Let's Kiss (Like Angels Do)", "The Day You Went Away" and "Friday's Child" with Top 20 albums, You've Always Got The Blues (duet album with Kate Ceberano), Émigré, Lily, The Witness Tree and her compilation, Stepping Stones. She has won six Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Awards. According to rock music historian, Ian McFarlane she provides "extraordinary, crystal-clear vocals [...] a soulfulness that was the mark of a truly gifted singer".

Matthews appeared on three series of It Takes Two—an Australian TV celebrity singing competition—partnered with Richard Champion (2006), Russell Gilbert (2007) and John Mangos (2008). On 27 October 2010, Models were inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame by Matthews.

Kate Ceberano
Catherine Yvette Ceberano AM (/səˈbrɑːnoʊ/ or /sɛbəˈrɑːnoʊ/, born 17 November 1966) is an Australian singer and actress who performs in the rock, soul, jazz and pop genres, as well as in film and musicals such as Jesus Christ Superstar. Her single "Bedroom Eyes" received a platinum sales certification in 1989. As of 2023, Ceberano has 11 platinum and 8 gold albums
Ceberano was the artistic director of the Adelaide Cabaret Festival in 2012, 2013, and 2014.
West Calder
West Calder (Scots: Wast Cauder, Scottish Gaelic: Caladar an Iar) is a village in the council area of West Lothian, Scotland, located four miles west of Livingston. Historically it is within the County of Midlothian. The village was an important centre in the oil shale industry in the 19th and 20th centuries. West Calder has its own railway station.

The surrounding villages that take West Calder's name in their address - Polbeth, Addiewell, Loganlea, Harburn and Westwood - outline the area that this village encompasses, and they all have played an important part in the history of the village as well as West Lothian. The village is a 10-minute drive from Livingston, which is host to two large shopping centres. The village lies along the ridge above the Calder burn.

West Calder railway station
West Calder railway station is a railway station serving the village of West Calder in West Lothian, Scotland. It is located on the Shotts Line, 17 miles (28 km) west of Edinburgh Waverley on the way to Glasgow Central. The station has two platforms, connected by a stairway footbridge, and CCTV. It is managed by ScotRail.
In 2018, accessibility improvements at the station saw the installation of a new footbridge and lifts while the original cast iron footbridge was dismantled and removed to the heritage  Bo'ness and Kinneil Railway. Pedestrian ingress onto and egress from either platform, without using stairs or lifts, is possible via tarmac ramp connecting to the pavement of a traffic bridge.
Bujumbura Rural Province
Bujumbura Rural Province was one of the provinces of Burundi. It surrounded the former national capital Bujumbura and its provincial capital was Isale. In 2025, the province was merged into the new Bujumbura Province.

Isale (commune)
Isale is a commune of Bujumbura Rural Province in Burundi. It is also the capital of Bujumbura Rural Province.

It contains the collines' of Benga, Karunga, Bibare, Kwigere, Rutegama, Rushubi, Cirisha, Nyambuye, Nyarumpongo, Caranka, Nyakibande, Nyarukere, Buyimba, Sagara and Kibuye.
Leeds International Pool
The Leeds International Pool often referred to as the Leeds International Baths, was a swimming facility in Leeds city centre, West Yorkshire, England.  The pool was situated at the lower end of Westgate and was notable for its brutalist architecture.  The pool was constructed in the 1960s and designed by architect John Poulson.

The facility closed in October 2007 and was jointly replaced by the Aquatics Centre at the John Charles Centre for Sport (former South Leeds Stadium) in the south of the city and partly by 'The Edge' sports centre at the University of Leeds which has periods open to non-university members.  The building stood unused until late 2009, when demolition commenced. In the interim it was subject to vandalism.

John Charles Centre for Sport
The John Charles Centre for Sport is a multi-purpose sports facility in South Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It consists of the South Leeds Stadium (a rugby league, football, and athletics stadium), an aquatics centre, indoor athletics centre, and tennis centre. In 2007 the complex was renamed in honour of John Charles (1931–2004), the former Leeds United, Juventus  and Wales footballer.

The complex is located to the south of Leeds city centre roughly on the border of Beeston, Belle Isle and Hunslet. The sports centre opened in 1996, and the Aquatics Centre opening in 2007.

The stadium has been used by Leeds United for reserve matches, and since November 1995 by rugby league club Hunslet. It is the principal athletics stadium in the Leeds area and is the home of Leeds City Athletic Club. South Leeds F.C. (formerly Middleton FC) have used the stadium since 2024 enabling the club to be promoted to the Northern Counties East League.
Rebecca Schaeffer
Rebecca Lucile Schaeffer (November 6, 1967 – July 18, 1989) was an American actress and model. She began her career as a teen model before moving on to acting. In 1986, she landed the role of Patricia "Patti" Russell in the CBS comedy My Sister Sam. The series was canceled in 1988, and she appeared in several films, including the black comedy Scenes from the Class Struggle in Beverly Hills. At the age of 21, she was shot and killed by Robert John Bardo, a 19-year-old obsessed fan who had been stalking her. Schaeffer's death helped lead to the passage in California of legislation aimed at preventing stalking.

Robert John Bardo
Robert John Bardo (born January 2, 1970) is an American murderer serving life imprisonment without parole after being convicted for the July 18, 1989, murder of American actress and model Rebecca Schaeffer, whom he had stalked for three years.