hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Steve Swallow
Steve Swallow (born October 4, 1940) is an American jazz bassist and composer, known for his collaborations with Jimmy Giuffre, Gary Burton, and Carla Bley. He was one of the first jazz double bassists to switch entirely to electric bass guitar.

Carla Bley
Carla Bley (born Lovella May Borg; May 11, 1936 – October 17, 2023) was an American jazz composer, pianist, organist, and bandleader. An important figure in the free jazz movement of the 1960s, she gained acclaim for her jazz opera Escalator over the Hill (released as a triple LP set), as well as a book of compositions that have been performed by many other artists, including Gary Burton, Jimmy Giuffre, George Russell, Art Farmer, Robert Wyatt, John Scofield, and her ex-husband Paul Bley. She was a pioneer in the development of independent artist-owned record labels, and recorded over two dozen albums between 1966 and 2019.
Dirichlet negative multinomial distribution
In probability theory and statistics, the Dirichlet negative multinomial distribution is a multivariate distribution on the non-negative integers. It is a multivariate extension of the beta negative binomial distribution. It is also a generalization of the negative multinomial distribution (NM(k, p)) allowing for heterogeneity or overdispersion to the probability vector. It is used in quantitative marketing research to flexibly model the number of household transactions across multiple brands.

If parameters of the Dirichlet distribution are , and if

where

then the marginal distribution of X is a Dirichlet negative multinomial distribution:

In the above,  is the negative multinomial distribution and  is the Dirichlet distribution.

Beta negative binomial distribution
In probability theory, a beta negative binomial distribution is the probability distribution of a discrete random variable  equal to the number of failures needed to get  successes in a sequence of independent Bernoulli trials. The probability  of success on each trial stays constant within any given experiment but varies across different experiments following a beta distribution. Thus the distribution is a compound probability distribution.

This distribution has also been called both the inverse Markov-Pólya distribution and the generalized Waring distribution or simply abbreviated as the BNB distribution. A shifted form of the distribution has been called the beta-Pascal distribution.

If parameters of the beta distribution are  and , and if

where

then the marginal distribution of  (i.e. the posterior predictive distribution) is a beta negative binomial distribution:

In the above,  is the negative binomial distribution and  is the beta distribution.
Dipuo Peters
Elizabeth Dipuo Peters (born 13 May 1960 in Kimberley, Northern Cape) is a South African politician who is the Deputy Minister of Small Business Development of the Republic of South Africa from 7 March 2023. She was previously the Minister of Transport from 10 July 2013 until 30 March 2017, in the Zuma administration, and former Minister of Energy from 2009 to 2013 having served as successor to Manne Dipico as the second Premier of the Northern Cape Province, 22 April 2004 to 10 May 2009. A member of the African National Congress (ANC), she serves on the Women's League National Executive Committee. Dipuo Peters resigned as a member of parliament for the African National Congress in April 2017.

Kimberley, South Africa
Kimberley  (Khoekhoe: ǃ’Ās; Tswana: Kimbali) is the capital and largest city of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is located approximately 110 km east of the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The city has considerable historical significance because of its diamond mining past and the siege during the Second Boer War. The British businessmen Cecil Rhodes and Barney Barnato made their fortunes in Kimberley, and Rhodes also established the De Beers diamond company in the early days of the mining town.

On 2 September 1882, Kimberley became the first city in the Southern Hemisphere and the second in the world after Philadelphia, in the United States, to install electric street lighting. The first stock exchange in Africa was built in Kimberley as early as 1881.
Toy dog
Toy dog traditionally refers to a very small dog or a grouping of small breeds of dog. A toy dog may be of any of various dog types. Types of dogs referred to as toy dogs may include spaniels,  pinschers and terriers that have been bred down in size. Not all toy dogs are lap dogs.

Dog type
Dog types are broad categories of domestic dogs based on form, function, style of work, lineage, or appearance. Some may be locally adapted dog types (or landraces) that may have the visual characteristics of a modern purebred dog. In contrast, modern dog breeds strictly adhere to long-established breed standards,[note 1] that began with documented foundation breeding stock sharing a common set of inheritable characteristics, developed by long-established, reputable kennel clubs that recognize the dog as a purebred.

A "dog type" can be referred to broadly, as in gun dog, or more specifically, as in spaniel. Dogs raised and trained for a specific working ability rather than appearance may not closely resemble other dogs doing the same work, or any of the dogs of the analogous breed group of purebred dogs.
Ultra (personal rapid transit)
Ultra (a term formed from the first letters of the words in the phrase "urban light transit") is a personal rapid transit podcar system developed by the British engineering company Ultra Global PRT (formerly Advanced Transport Systems).

The only publicly operating Ultra pod system opened at Heathrow Airport in London in May 2011 and is referred to as the Heathrow pod system. It consists of 21 vehicles operating on a 3.9-kilometre (2.4 mi) route connecting Terminal 5 to its business passenger car park, just north of the airport.

To reduce construction costs, Ultra largely uses off-the-shelf technologies, such as rubber tyres running on an open guideway. The approach has resulted in a system that Ultra believes to be economical: the company reports that the total cost (vehicles, infrastructure, and control systems) is between £3 million and £5 million per kilometre (0.62 miles) of guideway. By contrast, the Heathrow deployment cost £30 million for 3.8 kilometres (2.4 mi) of guideway.

Heathrow Terminal 5
Heathrow Terminal 5  is an airport terminal at Heathrow Airport, the main airport serving London. Opened in 2008, the main building in the complex is the largest free-standing structure in the United Kingdom. Until 2012, the terminal building was used solely by British Airways. It now is used as one of the three global hubs of IAG, served by British Airways and Iberia.

The terminal was designed to handle 30 million passengers a year. In 2018, Terminal 5 handled 32.1 million passengers on 211,000 flights. It was the busiest terminal at the airport, measured both by passenger numbers and flight movements.

The building's leading architects were from the Richard Rogers Partnership and production design was completed by aviation architects Pascall+Watson. The engineers for the structure were Arup and Mott MacDonald. The building cost £4 billion and took almost 20 years from conception to completion, including the longest public inquiry in British history.
Casa Vives
Casa Vives (Vives House) is a historic building located in the Ponce Historic Zone in Ponce, Puerto Rico, across from the Plaza de Mercado de Ponce. The home was designed by Juan Bertoli Calderoni for Carlos Vives, a prominent local merchant and owner of Hacienda Buena Vista, and built by Carlos Milan. The home was built in 1860, in the neoclassical style, making it one of the first brick and mortar homes built in the city. It was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on 13 February 2013. Architecturally, Casa Vives retains all seven aspects of integrity: location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association.

Hacienda Buena Vista
Hacienda Buena Vista, also known as Hacienda Vives (or Buena Vista Plantation in English), was a coffee plantation located in Barrio Magueyes, Ponce, Puerto Rico. The original plantation dates from the 19th century. The plantation was started by Don Salvador de Vives in 1833.

The Hacienda is located on 81.79 acres (331,000 m2) of fertile land that includes a humid subtropical forest some 7 miles (11 km) north of Ponce on Route PR-123, in Corral Viejo, a subbarrio of Barrio Magueyes. The plantation house was built in the Spanish Colonial style, with the surrounding buildings being built in the local Criollo style. The original Hacienda covered 482 cuerdas (approx. 468 acres).

It is now owned by the Fideicomiso de Conservación de Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico Conservation Trust), which operates it as a museum which it opened in 1986.
Emperor Wencheng of Northern Wei
Emperor Wencheng of Northern Wei ((北)魏文成帝) (4 August 440 – 20 June 465), Han name Tuoba Jun (拓拔濬), Xianbei name Wulei (烏雷), was an emperor of the Xianbei-led Northern Wei dynasty of China. He became emperor aged 12 in the aftermath of the eunuch Zong Ai's assassinations of his grandfather Emperor Taiwu and uncle Tuoba Yu, and he was generally described by historians as a ruler who sought foremost to allow his people to rest after his grandfather's expansionist policies and extensive campaigns, and who also reformed the laws to become more lenient.

Emperor Xianwen of Northern Wei
Emperor Xianwen of Northern Wei ((北)魏獻文帝) (14 August 454 – 20 July 476), personal name Tuoba Hong, Xianbei name Didouyin (第豆胤), courtesy name Wanmin (萬民), was an emperor of the Xianbei-led Northern Wei dynasty of China. He was the first emperor in Chinese history who, after retiring at age 17 in favor of his 4-year-old son Emperor Xiaowen to become Taishang Huang (retired emperor) in 471, continued to hold on to power until his death in 476—when the official history states vaguely that he may have been killed by his stepmother Empress Dowager Feng.
Federal Highway Administration
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is a division of the United States Department of Transportation that specializes in highway transportation.  The agency's major activities are grouped into two programs, the Federal-aid Highway Program and the Federal Lands Highway Program. Its role had previously been performed by the Office of Road Inquiry, Office of Public Roads and the Bureau of Public Roads.

United States Department of Transportation
The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT or DOT) is one of the executive departments of the U.S. federal government. It is headed by the secretary of transportation, who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

The department's fiscal year 2022–2026 strategic plan states that its mission is "to deliver the world's leading transportation system, serving the American people and economy through the safe, efficient, sustainable, and equitable movement of people and goods."
Roderick MacFarquhar
Roderick Lemonde MacFarquhar (2 December 1930 – 10 February 2019) was a British sinologist, politician, and journalist.

MacFarquhar was founding editor of China Quarterly in 1959. He served as a Member of Parliament in the 1970s, then joined the BBC. In the 1980s, he became a professor at Harvard University, where he served several terms as director of the Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies. He was best known for his studies of Maoist China, the three-volume The Origins of the Cultural Revolution and Mao's Last Revolution.

The China Quarterly
The China Quarterly is a British triple-anonymous peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1960 and published by Cambridge University Press. Owned by the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, the journal is considered one of the most important academic journals about China in the world.

The China Quarterly covers anthropology, business, literature, economics, geography, history, international affairs, law, politics, sociology, and the arts of contemporary China including Taiwan. Each issue contains articles, research reports, and a book review section.
CWF Heavyweight Championship
The NWA Continental Heavyweight Championship was a major title in the National Wrestling Alliance's Alabama territory called Southeastern Championship Wrestling. It existed from 1984 until 1988 when SECW became the Continental Wrestling Federation. The title continued on as the CWF Heavyweight Championship from 1988 until 1989 when the CWF closed.

Continental Championship Wrestling
Continental Championship Wrestling was a professional wrestling promotion based in Knoxville, Tennessee, and Dothan, Alabama, from 1985 until 1989, owned by Ron Fuller. The promotion evolved out of the NWA-affiliated Southeastern Championship Wrestling and Gulf Coast Championship Wrestling territories owned by Fuller, who purchased the Knoxville territory from John Cazana in 1974 and the Alabama/Florida territory in 1977. When Fuller sold the promotion to David Woods in 1988, the name was changed to Continental Wrestling Federation.
John Ford Coley
John Ford Coley (born John Edward Colley; October 13, 1948) is an American singer, classically trained pianist, guitarist, actor, and author most known for his partnership in the musical duo England Dan & John Ford Coley.

England Dan & John Ford Coley
England Dan & John Ford Coley were an American soft rock duo composed of Dan Seals and John Ford Coley, active throughout the 1970s. Native Texans, they are best known for their 1976 single "I'd Really Love to See You Tonight", a No. 2 hit on the Billboard Hot 100 and a No. 1 Adult Contemporary hit. After they disbanded, Seals began performing as Dan Seals and launched a country music career through the 1980s which produced 11 No. 1 country hits.
Edgecliff railway station
Edgecliff railway station is a suburban railway station located on the Eastern Suburbs line, serving the Sydney suburb of Edgecliff. It is served by Sydney Trains T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line services and intercity South Coast Line services.

Bondi Junction railway station
Bondi Junction railway station is a suburban railway station located on the Eastern Suburbs line, serving the Sydney suburb of Bondi Junction. It is served by Sydney Trains T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line services and intercity South Coast Line services.
Schweinfurt–Meiningen railway
The Schweinfurt–Meiningen railway, route number 5240, is a single-tracked main line in the states of Bavaria and Saxony in southern Germany. It is also called the Main-Rhön-Bahn ("Main-Rhön railway") and is listed in the Deutsche Bahn timetable as route (Kursbuchstrecke) 815. The railway has been part of the Erfurt–Schweinfurt route since 1993. Passenger services on the line are provided by DB Regio and the Erfurter Bahn (EB).

Erfurter Bahn
The Erfurter Bahn (EB, lit. "Erfurt railway") is a railway company and public transit system serving the city of Erfurt, the capital of Thuringia, Germany. Erfurter Bahn is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Erfurt city council, and Süd-Thüringen-Bahn, operating between Erfurt and Meiningen, is a subsidiary of the former. Services are operated by Regio-Shuttle RS1 and Bombardier Itino trains.

Operations began in 1912 under the name of Städtische Industriebahn (Municipal industrial railway), rebranded as the Erfurter Industriebahn in 1990 to coincide with its acquisition by the city council, and as the Erfurter Bahn in 2007 after passenger transport was added.
Poon Siu-tung
Poon Siu-tung, also known as Tony Poon (Chinese: 潘兆童; born 1967) is a Hong Kong judge. He has served as a Judge of the Court of First Instance of the High Court since January 2019.

Since October 2020, Poon has served as a Panel Judge handling interception and surveillance authorisation requests from law enforcement agencies.

He is a member of the Executive Committee and the Digital Transformation Committee of the Society of Rehabilitation and Crime Prevention of Hong Kong.

Hong Kong High Court
The High Court of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a part of the Judiciary of Hong Kong, consisting of the upper Court of Appeal and the lower Court of First Instance. It also deals with criminal and civil cases which have risen beyond the lower courts.

The hierarchy of the Hong Kong judiciary from high to low is: the Court of Final Appeal, the High Court (consisting of the upper Court of Appeal and the lower Court of First Instance), the District Court, and magistrates' courts.

It is a superior court of record of unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction. It was named the Supreme Court before 1997. Though previously named the Supreme Court, this Court has long been the local equivalent to the Senior Courts of England and Wales and has never been vested with the power of final adjudication.
Kuniaki Kobayashi
Kuniaki Kobayashi (小林邦昭, Kobayashi Kuniaki; January 11, 1956 – September 9, 2024) was a Japanese professional wrestler, most notable for being the generational rival of the famous Tiger Mask character in Japanese puroresu. He wrestled numerous acclaimed matches against Tiger Mask I and Tiger Mask II.

Hiro Saito
Hiroyuki Saito (斎藤 弘幸, Saitō Hiroyuki; born May 25, 1961 in Kawasaki, Japan) is a Japanese professional wrestler best known by the shortened name of Hiro Saito (ヒロ 斉藤, Hiro Saitō). He was the first AJPW World Junior Heavyweight Champion.
Child labour in Switzerland
Child labour in Switzerland was a fact in rural areas to the 1960s, at least tolerated by the Swiss authorities referring to the so-called Verdingkinder, as up to 100,000 children were needed as cheap workers mostly on farms the decades before.

Verdingkinder
Verdingkinder, Verdingsbuben, "contract children", or "indentured child laborers" were children in Switzerland who were removed from their families by the authorities due to poverty or moral reasons (e.g. the mother being unmarried, very poor, of Yenish origin, neglect, etc.), and placed in foster families, often poor farmers who needed cheap labour. In the early 2000s, many of these children, by then adults, publicly stated that they had been severely mistreated by their foster families, suffering neglect, beatings and other physical and psychological abuse. The Verdingkinder scheme was common in Switzerland from the 1800's until the 1960's.
Renato Sobral
Renato Sobral da Cunha (Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁeˈnatu soˈbɾaw]; born 7 September 1975), also known as "Babalu", is a retired Brazilian Luta Livre submission grappler, mixed martial artist, and was the former Strikeforce Light Heavyweight Champion. Sobral previously fought in the Ultimate Fighting Championship, where he posted a 6–4 record and has also competed for Bellator, RINGS, Jungle Fight, Cage Rage, Affliction, and ONE Championship. He is the Head Instructor of Babalu's Iron Gym Cerritos and has a Luta Livre black belt under Marco Ruas and also a Brazilian jiu-jitsu black belt under Carlos Gracie Jr.

Affliction Entertainment
Affliction Entertainment was an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion company created by Affliction Clothing in 2008. The UFC prohibited its fighters from wearing Affliction clothing after learning Affliction was applying to become an MMA fight promoter. Although the promotion company bore the Affliction name, it was run independently of Affliction Clothing.

In July 2009, Affliction announced that it would exit the fight promotion business and that Affliction Clothing would become a UFC sponsor.
Daniella Monet
Daniella Monet Gardner (née Zuvic; born March 1, 1989) is an American actress, entrepreneur and television personality. She is best known for her role as Trina Vega in the Nickelodeon television series Victorious (2010–2013) and its spin-off Hollywood Arts (2026).

Monet's other Nickelodeon roles include Rebecca Martin in Zoey 101 (2006–2007), Mitzi in Winx Club (2012), and Bertha in the Fred films and series (2011–2012). She also appears in the mystery film Nancy Drew (2007), the Freeform series Baby Daddy (2016–2017), and the independent film Aloha Surf Hotel (2020).

Outside of acting, Monet hosted the sketch-comedy series AwesomenessTV (2013–2015) and the game show Paradise Run (2016–2018). She co-founded the vegan beauty brand Kinder Beauty.

Fred: The Show
Fred: The Show (stylized as FЯED: THE SHOW) is an American comedy television series, created by Lucas Cruikshank that originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States from January 16 to August 3, 2012. Lucas Cruikshank, Daniella Monet, Jake Weary, Siobhan Fallon Hogan, and Stephanie Courtney reprise their roles from Fred: The Movie and Fred 2: Night of the Living Fred. A series preview aired on January 16, 2012, and the show officially premiered on February 5, 2012. Fred: The Show came to production after the success of Night of the Living Fred. The show was cancelled after one season.
NZR Q class (1901)
The NZR Q class was an important steam locomotive class not only in the history of New Zealand's railway network but also in worldwide railways in general.  Designed by New Zealand Government Railways' (NZR) Chief Mechanical Engineer A. L. Beattie and ordered from the Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1901, they were the first locomotives in the world to be built with the wheel arrangement of 4-6-2. This wheel arrangement came to be known as the Pacific type after the voyage the completed locomotives made across the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand.  A few instances of the 4-6-2 wheel arrangement are known to have existed prior to 1901, but these were all reconstructions of locomotives that were originally built with a different wheel arrangement, thereby making the thirteen members of the Q class the first "true" Pacifics in the world.  The Pacific style went on to become arguably the most famous wheel arrangement in the world.

NZR AB class
The NZR AB class are a class of 4-6-2 Pacific tender steam locomotive that operated on New Zealand's national railway system for New Zealand Railways (NZR). Originally an improvement on the 1906 A class, 141 were built between 1915 and 1927 by NZR's Addington Workshops, A & G Price of Thames, New Zealand, and North British Locomotive Company, making the AB class the largest class of steam locomotives ever to run in New Zealand.
Homicidal
Homicidal is a 1961 American horror-thriller film produced and directed by William Castle, and starring Glenn Corbett, Patricia Breslin, Eugenie Leontovich, Alan Bunce and Jean Arless.  The film follows a murderous woman in a small California town whose presence unearths secrets concerning a prominent local family.

Like many of Castle's films, the film was released with a promotional gimmick—in this case, a "fright break," that allowed patrons to receive a refund if they were too scared to stay for the climax of the film. While a few reviews upon its release were mixed, it has since gained a cult following and is considered one of Castle's best films.

Joan Marshall
Joan Marshall (born Joan Schrepferman; June 6, 1931 – June 28, 1992) was an American film and television actress. She is best known for her appearances in The Twilight Zone's "Dead Man's Shoes", and Star Trek's "Court Martial" along with Homicidal (1961)