hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Capitol Mall
The Capitol Mall or Capitol Mall Boulevard is a major street and landscaped parkway in the state capital city of Sacramento, California, United States. Formerly known as M Street, it connects the city of West Sacramento in Yolo County to downtown Sacramento. Capitol Mall begins at the eastern approach to the Tower Bridge, and runs east to the California State Capitol.

Tower Bridge (Sacramento, California)
The Tower Bridge is a vertical lift bridge across the Sacramento River, linking West Sacramento in Yolo County to the west, with the capital of California, Sacramento, in Sacramento County to the east. It has also been known as M Street Bridge. It was previously a part of U.S. Route 40 until that highway was truncated to east of Salt Lake City as well as US Route 99W, which served the western portion of the Sacramento Valley from Sacramento to Red Bluff. The bridge is maintained by the California Department of Transportation as State Route 275 and connects West Capitol Avenue and Cabaldon Parkway (formerly Tower Bridge Gateway) in West Sacramento with the Capitol Mall in Sacramento.

In 1982, the Tower Bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
2008–09 Maltese Second Division
The 2008–09 Maltese Second Division season, also known as the 2008–09 BOV 2nd Division  due to sponsorship reason) started on 27 September 2008 and ended on 10 May 2009. Mellieha and Marsa were relegated from the First Division. The promoted teams were Gozo FC and Zebbug Rangers. Zebbug had to start the season with a five point deduction due to incidents which occurred the previous season. The 2008–09 Maltese Second Division was won by Balzan.The runners-up were Melita, who finished 2 points off Lija Athletic. Mgarr United and Marsa were relegated to the Third Division. This was the third straight relegation for Marsa, who 3 years previously were competing in the Premier League and now have to compete in the Third Division. Naxxar Lions were also relegated as they lost in the promotion-relegation play-offs to Santa Lucia. The play-offs were won by Zurrieq.

2007–08 Maltese First Division
The 2007–08 Maltese First Division (known as 2007–08 BOV First Division for sponsorship reasons) started on October 9, 2007 and ended on May 23, 2008. Marsa and St. George's were the teams which were relegated from the 2006–07 Maltese Premier League. Dingli Swallows and Mellieha were the promoted teams from the 2006–07 Maltese Second Division. Tarxien Rainbows finished as champions and were promoted to the 2008–09 Maltese Premier League. They were joined with Qormi, who won a play-off with Mosta 4-3 on penalties, following a 0-0 draw. The play-off was necessary because the two teams finished level on points. Mellieħa and Marsa were relegated to the 2008–09 Maltese Second Division. Mellieha had just been promoted but went straight down. Marsa suffered two straight relegations, having been relegated from the Premier League.
Chris Peppler
Christopher Daniel Peppler (born October 22, 1957, in Tokyo, Japan), simply known as Chris Peppler (クリス・ペプラー, Kurisu Pepurā), is a Japanese-American radio personality.

Peppler is a navigator for J-Wave's Tokio Hot 100 and the host of Tokyo Eye 2020.

J-Wave
J-Wave is a commercial radio station based in Tokyo, Japan, broadcasting on 81.3 FM from the Tokyo Skytree to the Tokyo area. J-Wave airs mostly music, including J-pop, K-pop, and Western music, covering a wide range of formats. The station is considered the most popular among FM broadcasts in Tokyo, and has surprised the radio broadcast industry by gaining a higher popularity rate than an AM station (JOQR) in a survey conducted in June 2008. J-Wave was founded in October 1988, with the call sign of JOAV-FM. It is a member station of the Japan FM League (JFL) commercial radio network.
Maddie Breeze
Maddie Breeze is a British sociologist, and lecturer and Chancellor's Fellow at the University of Strathclyde. In 2016 she won the Philip Abrams Memorial Prize of the British Sociological Association for her book Seriousness in Women’s Roller Derby: Gender, Organization, and Ambivalence.

The book is an ethnographic study of a women's roller derby league in Edinburgh, UK. The book is a published version of her PhD thesis, which she completed at the University of Edinburgh in 2014. It examines "seriousness" in roller derby, and how gender influences the way the sport is represented, played and experienced.

Breeze previously worked as a Research Associate in Sociology and a lecturer in Public sociology at Queen Margaret University in Edinburgh, UK.

British Sociological Association
The British Sociological Association (BSA) is a scholarly and professional society for sociologists in the United Kingdom. Founded in 1951, the BSA is the national subject association for sociology in the UK. It publishes the academic journals Sociology, Work, Employment and Society, Sociological Research Online and Cultural Sociology (with SAGE Publications) as well as its membership magazine Network and a monthly eNewsletter.
Akhara
Akhara or Akhada (Hindi: अखाड़ा, romanised: Akhāṛā) is an Indian word for a place of practice with facilities for boarding, lodging and training, both in the context of Indian martial artists or a sampradaya monastery for religious renunciates in Guru–shishya tradition. For example, in the context of the Dashanami Sampradaya sect, the word denotes both martial arts and religious monastic aspects of the trident-wielding martial regiment of the renouncing sadhus.

Sampradaya
Sampradaya (Sanskrit: सम्प्रदाय; IAST: Saṃpradāya), in Indian-origin religions, namely Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, can be translated as 'tradition', 'spiritual lineage’. To ensure continuity and transmission of dharma, various sampradayas have the Guru-shishya parampara in which a parampara or lineage of successive gurus (masters) and shishyas (disciples) serves as a spiritual channel and provides a reliable network of relationships that lends stability to a religious identity. Shramana is vedic term for seeker or shishya. Identification with and followership of sampradayas is not static, as sampradayas allows flexibility where one can leave one sampradaya and enter another or practice religious syncretism by simultaneously following more than one sampradaya. Samparda is a Punjabi language term, used in Sikhism, for sampradayas.
Sorry About Dresden
Sorry About Dresden was an indie rock band from Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The band formed in 1997 and was signed to Saddle Creek Records. Sorry About Dresden has released three full-length albums, an EP, and has appeared on several compilations.

Saddle Creek Records
Saddle Creek Records is an American record label based in Omaha, Nebraska and named after Saddle Creek Road, a major street in midtown Omaha. Started as a college class project on entrepreneurship, the label was founded in 1993 by Mike Mogis and Justin Oberst. Mogis soon turned over his role in the company to Robb Nansel. It was initially called Lumberjack Records; Saddle Creek first appeared in print on a show flyer, offering to "Spend an evening with Saddle Creek" (later to be the title of the label's DVD). Distribution is handled by Redeye Distribution. SCR continues to be the flagship label of a style of music called "The Omaha Sound", characterized by a slight country twang. A "sister label" of sorts to Saddle Creek is Team Love, which was begun by Justin Oberst's brother Conor Oberst in 2004.
Baqerabad, Mahallat
Baqerabad (Persian: باقراباد) is a neighborhood in the city of Nimvar in the Central District of Mahallat County, Markazi province, Iran. As a village, it was the capital of Baqerabad Rural District until its capital was transferred to the village of Nakhjirvan.

Nimvar
Nimvar (Persian: نيم‌ور) is a city in the Central District of Mahallat County, Markazi province, Iran.

In ancient times Nimvar was an important location for Zoroastrianism. It is one of the ancient cities related to the Sassanid and Ashkanian eras in Iran. Among historical customs that are still alive, and with a history of two thousand years, are the dredging ceremony of Qomrud River and the BilGardani ceremony signifying the harnessing of nature by human beings.
Rig (sailing)
A sailing vessel's rig is its arrangement of masts, sails and rigging. Examples include a schooner rig, cutter rig, junk rig, etc. A rig may be broadly categorized as "fore-and-aft", "square", or a combination of both. Within the fore-and-aft category there is a variety of triangular and quadrilateral sail shapes. Spars or battens may be used to help shape a given kind of sail. Each rig may be described with a sail plan—formally, a drawing of a vessel, viewed from the side.

Modern examples of single-person sailing craft, such as windsurfers, iceboats, and land-sailing craft, typically have uncomplicated rigs with a single sail on a mast with a boom.

Sail plan
A sail plan is a drawing of a sailing craft, viewed from the side, depicting its sails, the spars that carry them and some of the rigging that supports the rig. By extension, "sail plan" describes the arrangement of sails on a craft. A sailing craft may be waterborne (a ship or boat), an iceboat, or a sail-powered land vehicle.
David Saint-Jacques
David Saint-Jacques OC OQ FRCGS (Quebec French: [davɪd sẽɪ̯̃nʒã(ŋ)k̚], French pronunciation: [david sɛ̃ʒak]; born 6 January 1970) is a Canadian astronaut with the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). He is also an astrophysicist, engineer, and a physician.

In December 2018, he launched to the International Space Station, as flight engineer on Expeditions 57, 58 and 59; he returned to Earth on 25 June 2019.

Expedition 58
Expedition 58 was the 58th expedition to the International Space Station, which began on December 20, 2018, with the departure of the Expedition 57 crew. It was commanded by cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko, with astronauts Anne McClain and David Saint-Jacques as flight engineers; the trio launched on board Soyuz MS-11 on December 3, 2018, marking the 100th orbital launch of the year.

Kononenko, McClain and Saint-Jacques subsequently transferred to Expedition 59 on March 15 2019, when Aleksey Ovchinin, Nick Hague and Christina Koch arrived on board Soyuz MS-12.
Tems swiya Museum
The tems swiya Museum is a First Nations museum owned and operated by the shíshálh Nation, and located in Sechelt (ch'atlich), British Columbia, Canada.

The museum's name means "Our World" in she shashishalhem, the shíshálh language. Its collection includes cedar baskets, art, photographs, audio recordings, and archaeological collections which include stone tools and the prehistoric sculpture known as The Grieving Mother. The museum is part of a cultural and administrative complex on the site of the former St. Augustine's Indian Residential School, which closed in 1975, the last remains of which were burned in 2008.

Shíshálh Nation
shíshálh Nation (also spelled Shishalh) is a First Nation located on the Sunshine Coast of British Columbia, Canada. Their swiya (world, 'Territory’) comprises 515,000 hectares that stretches from xwesam (Roberts Creek) in the southeast, to x̱enichen (Jervis Inlet) in the north, to kwekwenis (Lang Bay) in the southwest.
Killer ape theory
The killer ape theory or killer ape hypothesis is the theory that war and interpersonal aggression was the driving force behind human evolution. It was originated by Raymond Dart in his 1953 article "The predatory transition from ape to man"; it was developed further in African Genesis by Robert Ardrey in 1961. The theory gained notoriety for suggesting that the urge to violence was a fundamental part of human psychology. It is associated with the hunting hypothesis, also developed by Ardrey.

According to the theory, the ancestors of humans were distinguished from other primate species by their greater aggressiveness, and this aggression is the source of humanity's murderous instincts.

However, subsequent research has shown that both chimpanzees and bonobos may exhibit aggressive behaviors over 100 times more often than humans.

Robert Ardrey
Robert Ardrey (October 16, 1908 – January 14, 1980) was an American playwright, screenwriter and science writer perhaps best known for The Territorial Imperative (1966). After a Broadway and Hollywood career, he returned to his academic training in anthropology in the 1950s.

As a playwright and screenwriter Ardrey received many accolades. He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1937, won the inaugural Sidney Howard Memorial Award in 1940, and in 1966 received an Academy Award nomination for best screenplay for his script for Khartoum. His most famous play is Thunder Rock.

Ardrey's science writing challenged models in the social sciences of his time. African Genesis (1961) and The Territorial Imperative (1966), two of his most widely read works, increased public awareness of evolutionary science. However he was criticized by scientists for having misunderstood the science and misinterpreted the evidence.
Pierre Favre (musician)
Pierre Favre (born 2 June 1937) is a Swiss jazz drummer and percussionist born in Le Locle, Switzerland.

He recorded the album Singing Drums (ECM, 1984) with Paul Motian and Nana Vasconcelos. He also appears on the John Surman album, Such Winters of Memory (1983). He has recorded with several well-known musicians, including Tamia, Michel Godard, Mal Waldron, Paul Giger, Jiří Stivín, Michel Portal, Samuel Blaser, the ARTE Quartett, and Barre Phillips.

Paul Giger
Paul Giger (born 1952 in Herisau, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, northeastern Switzerland), is a Swiss violinist and composer. He plays contemporary classical music, jazz, and free improvised music, and specializes in extended techniques.

He has released seven CDs on the ECM label and collaborated with the Hilliard Ensemble, Jan Garbarek, Pierre Favre and Marie-Louise Dähler.
Gampaha District
Gampaha District (Sinhala: ගම්පහ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය gampaha distrikkaya, Tamil: கம்பஹா மாவட்டம் Kampakai Māvaṭṭam) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country.  It is the most populous district of Sri Lanka. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the town of Gampaha. The district was carved out of the northern part of Colombo District in September 1978.

Colombo District
Colombo District (Sinhala: කොළඹ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය kol̠am̆ba distrikkaya; Tamil: கொழும்பு மாவட்டம் Koḻumpu Māvaṭṭam) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Colombo. The district of Colombo was officially recorded in 2016 as having the highest income on average, per household. There are smaller places like Kottawa
Leszek Balcerowicz
Leszek Henryk Balcerowicz (pronounced [ˈlɛʂɛk balt͡sɛˈrɔvit͡ʂ] ⓘ; born 19 January 1947) is a Polish economist, statesman, and Professor at Warsaw School of Economics. He served as Chairman of the National Bank of Poland (2001–2007) and twice as Deputy Prime Minister of Poland (1989–1991, 1997–2001).

In 1989, he became Minister of Finance in Tadeusz Mazowiecki's first non-communist government and led the free-market economic reforms, proponents of which say they have transformed Poland into one of Europe's fastest growing economies, but which critics say were followed by a large increase in unemployment. In 2007, he founded the Civic Development Forum (Forum Obywatelskiego Rozwoju) think-tank and became the chairman of its council.

Balcerowicz Plan
The Balcerowicz Plan (Polish: plan Balcerowicza), also termed "Shock Therapy", was a method for rapidly transitioning from an economy based on state ownership and central planning, to a capitalist market economy. Named after the Polish minister and economist Leszek Balcerowicz, the free-market economic reforms were adopted in Poland in 1989.

A group of experts, which they formed together with Balcerowicz, including Stanisław Gomułka, Stefan Kawalec and Wojciech Misiąg, in September 1989 created a reform plan based on an earlier idea of Jeffrey Sachs, and on 6 October, an outline of this plan was presented to the public by Balcerowicz at a press conference broadcast by TVP. There was a 3 year drop in output. Similar reforms were made in a number of countries. The plan has resulted in reduced inflation and budget deficit, while simultaneously increasing unemployment and worsening the financial situation of the poorest members of society.
Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children
The Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (ISPCC) is a charity in Ireland dedicated to enhancing the lives of children and young people. It provides a range of services to children and families in Ireland, and promotes children's rights.

The ISPCC is best known for its free confidential listening service, Childline. It also provides a range of support services from its offices around Ireland. Its support line is available daily to anyone in Ireland concerned about a child.

The ISPCC was founded as a successor to the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, which had operated in Ireland from 1889 to 1956.

The first Irish branch of the NSPCC was founded in Dublin in May 1889, with branches founded in Cork and Belfast in 1891.

NSPCC
The National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC) is a British child protection charity founded as the Liverpool Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (LSPCC) by Thomas Agnew on 19 April 1883. The NSPCC lobbies the government on issues relating to child welfare, and creates child abuse public awareness campaigns.

Since the 1980s, the charity has had statutory powers allowing it to apply for help on behalf of children at risk. In the 1990s, the charity's publication, Satanic Indicators, fuelled panic in social workers who went and accused parents and removed children from homes when they should not have. It also operates a telephone help line. The Paddington Bear character has partnered with the charity to raise funds.
Charaxes dilutus
Charaxes dilutus is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia and Angola. The habitat consists of tropical evergreen forests.

The larvae feed on Albizia gummifera, Albizia adianthifolia and Scutia species.

Notes on the biology of dilutus are given by  Kielland, J. (1990).

Charaxes eupale
Charaxes eupale, the common green charaxes, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, Angola, Zambia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Sudan, Rwanda, Kenya, Tanzania and Malawi.
John W. Stephens
John Walter Stephens (October 14, 1834 – May 21, 1870) was an assassinated state senator from North Carolina. He was stabbed and garroted by the Ku Klux Klan on May 21, 1870. This killing began the Kirk–Holden war.

William Woods Holden
William Woods Holden (November 24, 1818 – March 1, 1892) was an American politician who served as the 38th and 40th governor of North Carolina. He was appointed by President Andrew Johnson in 1865 for a brief term and then elected in 1868. He served until 1871 and was the leader of the state's Republican Party during the Reconstruction Era.

Holden was the second governor in American history to be impeached, and the first to be removed from office through that process. His impeachment was politically motivated due to his suppression of the Ku Klux Klan. After Republicans lost the 1870 election, Democrats impeached Holden on eight charges relating to the Kirk–Holden war. He is the only North Carolina governor to have been impeached. In 2011, Holden was posthumously pardoned by the North Carolina Senate in a 48–0 vote.
Harz Railway
The Harz Railway or Trans-Harz Railway (German: Harzquerbahn) was formerly the main line of the Harz Narrow Gauge Railways (Harzer Schmalspurbahnen or HSB) and runs north to south right across the Harz Mountains from Wernigerode to Nordhausen. However, the tourist attraction of the Brocken, the highest mountain in the Harz, is so great that the Brocken Railway is effectively the main line today. The Trans-Harz Railway joins up with the Selke Valley Railway to Quedlinburg at Eisfelder Talmühle where all trains are organised to make good connections.

Harz Narrow Gauge Railways
The Harz Narrow Gauge Railways (German: Harzer Schmalspurbahnen or HSB) is a railway company that operates a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge network in the Harz mountains, in central Germany (formerly East Germany).  The company was formed after the fall of the Berlin Wall when the network, operated then by the Deutsche Reichsbahn, was privatised. It owns about 140 kilometres (87 miles)) of track, connecting the principal towns of Wernigerode, Nordhausen and Quedlinburg and several smaller settlements in the area. Much of the network is steeply graded and picturesque, but its most popular destination is the Brocken, the highest mountain in the region. The company runs a significant number of its trains with steam haulage, mostly employing 1950s vintage 2-10-2 tank locomotives, hauling traditional open-platform bogie carriages.  The company is mainly owned by the various local authorities whose territories it serves.
Anatolic Theme
The Anatolic Theme (Greek: Άνατολικόν [θέμα], Anatolikon [thema]), more properly known as the Theme of the Anatolics (Greek: θέμα Άνατολικῶν, thema Anatolikōn), was a Byzantine theme (a military-civilian province) in central Asia Minor (modern Turkey). From its establishment, it was the largest and senior-most of the themes, and its military governors (stratēgoi) were powerful individuals, several of them rising to the imperial throne or launching failed rebellions to capture it. The theme and its army played an important role in the Arab–Byzantine wars of the 7th–10th centuries, after which it enjoyed a period of relative peace that lasted until its conquest by the Seljuk Turks in the late 1070s.

Strategos
Strategos (pl.  strategoi), also known by its Latinised form strategus, is a Greek term meaning 'military general'. In the Hellenistic world and in the Byzantine Empire, the term also described a military governor. In the modern Hellenic Army, it is the highest officer rank.
Supreme Soviet of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Supreme Soviet of the Latvian SSR (Latvian: Latvijas PSR Augstākā Padome; Russian: Верховный Совет Латвийской ССР, Verkhovnyy Sovet Latvyyskoy SSR) was the highest organ of state authority of the Latvian SSR, one of the union republics of the Soviet Union. The Supreme Soviet of the Latvian SSR was established in 1940 as the People's Saeima and finally disbanded in 1990 and was briefly succeeded by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Latvia. According to the 1978 Constitution of the Latvian SSR, representatives could serve an unlimited number of five-year terms. The Supreme Soviet consisted of 325 deputies before its dissolution.

1978 Constitution of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic
The 1978 Constitution of the Latvian SSR, officially the Constitution (Fundamental Law) of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (Latvian: Latvijas Padomju Sociālistiskās Republikas Konstitūcija (Pamatlikums); Russian: Конституция (Основной закон) Латвийской Советской Социалистической Республики, romanized: Konstitutsiya (Osnovnoy zakon) Latviyskoy Sovetskoy Sotsialisticheskoy Respubliki) was the communist state constitution of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic adopted on April 18, 1978 at the eighth session of the 9th Convocation of the Supreme Soviet of the Latvian SSR.