hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sanitary district
Sanitary districts were established in England and Wales in 1872 and in Ireland in 1878.  The districts were of two types, based on existing structures:

Urban sanitary districts in towns with existing local government bodies

Rural sanitary districts in the remaining rural areas of poor law unions.

Each district was governed by a local board of health, which was responsible for various public health matters such as providing clean drinking water, sewers, street cleaning, and clearing slum housing.

In England and Wales both rural and urban sanitary districts were replaced under by the Local Government Act 1894 (56 & 57 Vict. c. 73) by the more general rural districts and urban districts.  A similar reform was carried out in Ireland in 1899 under the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898.

Rural district
A rural district was a type of local government area – now superseded – established at the end of the 19th century in England, Wales, and Ireland for the administration of predominantly rural areas at a level lower than that of the administrative counties.
RNA polymerase II
RNA polymerase II (RNAP II and Pol II) is a multiprotein complex that transcribes DNA into precursors of messenger RNA (mRNA) and most small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and microRNA. It is one of the three RNAP enzymes found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. A 550 kDa complex of 12 subunits, RNAP II is the most studied type of RNA polymerase. A wide range of transcription factors are required for it to bind to upstream gene promoters and begin transcription.

RNA polymerase I
RNA polymerase 1 (also known as Pol I) is, in higher eukaryotes, the polymerase that only transcribes ribosomal RNA (but not 5S rRNA, which is synthesized by RNA polymerase III), a type of RNA that accounts for over 50% of the total RNA synthesized in a cell.
Sir Benjamin Slade, 7th Baronet
Sir Benjamin Julian Alfred Slade, 7th Baronet (born 1945/1946) is a British aristocrat, businessman, and self-publicist, who is a member of the Slade baronets. He lives at Maunsel House in Somerset, England.

Slade is the current holder of the Slade baronets, created in 1831 for his great-great-great-grandfather General Sir John Slade, 1st Baronet.

Slade baronets
The Slade Baronetcy, of Maunsel House in the County of Somerset, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 30 September 1831 for General Sir John Slade, a Peninsular War veteran. The second Baronet was a lawyer. The third Baronet served as Receiver-General of Inland Revenue.
Cho Hanchang
Cho Hanchang (Korean: 조한창; born May 14, 1965) is a South Korean jurist who serves as a justice of the Constitutional Court of Korea. He was nominated by the National Assembly on December 26, 2024, upon the recommendation of the People Power Party and officially appointed to the court by acting national president Choi Sang-mok on January 1, 2025.

Constitutional Court of Korea
The Constitutional Court of Korea (Korean: 헌법재판소; Hanja: 憲法裁判所) is a constitutional court of South Korea, seated in Jongno, Seoul. It is one of the two apex courts – along with the Supreme Court – in South Korea's judiciary that mainly exercises constitutional review. Composed of nine justices, the court has the power to nullify unconstitutional laws, remove impeached officials from office, dissolve antidemocratic political parties, oversee disputes on powers of public authorities, and handle constitutional complaints.
Brunn–Minkowski theorem
In mathematics, the Brunn–Minkowski theorem (or Brunn–Minkowski inequality) is an inequality relating the volumes (or more generally Lebesgue measures) of compact subsets of Euclidean space. The original version of the Brunn–Minkowski theorem (Hermann Brunn 1887; Hermann Minkowski 1896) applied to convex sets; the generalization to compact nonconvex sets stated here is due to Lazar Lyusternik (1935).

Minkowski–Steiner formula
In mathematics, the Minkowski–Steiner formula is a formula relating the surface area and volume of compact subsets of Euclidean space. More precisely, it defines the surface area as the "derivative" of enclosed volume in an appropriate sense.

The Minkowski–Steiner formula is used, together with the Brunn–Minkowski theorem, to prove the isoperimetric inequality. It is named after Hermann Minkowski and Jakob Steiner.
Doctor Who season 4
The fourth season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who began on 10 September 1966 with the First Doctor (William Hartnell) story The Smugglers and, after a change of lead actor (Patrick Troughton) part-way through the series, ended on 1 July 1967 with The Evil of the Daleks. For the first time, the entire main cast changed over the course of a single season (the only other occasions this has happened are during Season 18 and Season 21).

Only 10 out of 43 episodes survive in the BBC archives; 33 remain missing. No serials in this season exist in their entirety. However, The Tenth Planet, The Power of the Daleks, The Underwater Menace, The Moonbase, The Macra Terror, The Faceless Ones and The Evil of the Daleks have currently had their missing episodes (twenty five in total) reconstructed with animation and subsequently have been released on home media.

The Faceless Ones
The Faceless Ones is the mostly missing eighth serial of the fourth season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in six weekly parts from 8 April to 13 May 1967.

In this serial, the Second Doctor (Patrick Troughton) and his travelling companions Jamie (Frazer Hines), Ben (Michael Craze) and Polly (Anneke Wills) arrive at Gatwick Airport where identity-stealing aliens known as the Chameleons have taken refuge after their planet was destroyed, preying on university students by abducting them using the false holiday flight organisation 'Chameleon Tours'. It sees the departure of Craze and Wills as Ben and Polly. Only two of the six episodes are held in the BBC archives; four remain missing.

An animated version of the serial from BBC Studios was released on 16 March 2020. It became the eighth incomplete Doctor Who serial to receive full-length animated reconstructions of its missing episodes.
Seastreak
Seastreak is a private ferry company operating in the Port of New York and New Jersey and in New England. It provides high-speed commuter service between points on the Raritan Bayshore in Monmouth County, New Jersey and in Manhattan in New York City as well as special event and sightseeing excursions in the harbor and seasonal service to the New England coast.

Raritan Bayshore
The Raritan Bayshore is a region in central sections in the state of New Jersey. It is the area around Raritan Bay from The Amboys to Sandy Hook, in Middlesex and Monmouth counties, including the towns of Perth Amboy, South Amboy, Sayreville, Old Bridge, Matawan, Aberdeen, Keyport, Union Beach, Hazlet, Keansburg, Middletown, Atlantic Highlands, and Highlands. It is the northernmost part of the Jersey Shore, located just south of New York City. At Keansburg is a traditional amusement park while at Sandy Hook are found ocean beaches. The Sadowski Parkway beach area in Perth Amboy, which lies at the mouth of the Raritan River, was deemed the "Riviera of New Jersey" by local government. In recent years many of the beaches on the Bayshore area have been rediscovered and upgraded.
Pearl and Marina
Pearl (Japanese: ヒメ, Hepburn: Hime) and Marina (Japanese: マリネ, Hepburn: Marine) are a duo of characters from the Splatoon video game series. They were first introduced in Splatoon 2 (2017) as members of a pop music act known as Off the Hook (Japanese: テンタクルズ, Hepburn: Tentakuruzu; lit. "Tentacles"), who perform a variety of songs in the game's hub world. The characters also regularly communicate information regarding stage availability to players of Splatoon 2 through an in-universe news broadcast. Pearl and Marina make appearances in the downloadable content (DLC) expansion packs Splatoon 2: Octo Expansion and Splatoon 3: Side Order as prominent protagonists.

Pearl and Marina have together received a generally positive reception, some critics identifying them as key elements of Splatoon 2 which drew significant fan interest. Marina in particular was noted as being a favorite among players, particularly during in-game Splatfests.

Callie and Marie
Callie (Japanese: アオリ, Hepburn: Aori) and Marie (Japanese: ホタル, Hepburn: Hotaru) are a duo of characters in the Splatoon series. They first appeared in Splatoon (2015) as a pop music duo known as the Squid Sisters (Japanese: シオカラーズ, Hepburn: Shiokarāzu; lit. "Sea O'Colors" in Japanese) and have appeared in every subsequent entry in the series. They are considered the mascots and face of the Splatoon series, and have made cameo appearances in other franchises such as the Super Smash Bros. series. They have starred in real-world concerts in the form of holograms and have established themselves as fan-favorite characters.
Sanjak of Smederevo
The Sanjak of Smederevo, also known in historiography as the Pashalik of Belgrade,[a] was an Ottoman administrative unit (sanjak) centered on Smederevo, that existed between the 15th and the outset of the 19th centuries. It was located in the territory of present-day Central Serbia.

Sanjak of Vidin
The Sanjak of Vidin or the Vidin Sanjak (Bulgarian: Видински санджак, Serbian: Видински санџак, Turkish: Vidin Sancağı) was a sanjak in the Ottoman Empire, with Vidin as its administrative centre. It was established after the Battle of Nicopolis in 1396 out of the territories of the Tsardom of Vidin and in the mid-15th century annexed some territories that belonged to the Serbian Despotate before the Ottomans captured it.
James Franklin Devendorf
James Franklin Devendorf (April 6, 1856 – October 9, 1934), was a pioneer  real estate developer and philanthropist. Devendorf and attorney Frank Hubbard Powers (1864-1921), founded the Carmel Development Company in 1902. He became the "Father" of an artists and writers' colony that became Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, which included the Carmel Highlands, California. Devendorf spent the next 30 years of his life developing Carmel and the Carmel Highlands into a community of painters, writers, and musicians.

Carmel-by-the-Sea, California
Carmel-by-the-Sea (/kɑːrˈmɛl/), commonly known simply as Carmel, is a city in Monterey County, California, located on the Central Coast of California. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 3,220, down from 3,722 at the 2010 census. Situated on the Monterey Peninsula, Carmel is a tourist destination, known for its natural scenery and artistic history.

The Spanish founded a settlement in 1771, when Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo was relocated by St. Junípero Serra from Monterey. Mission Carmel served as the headquarters of the Californian mission system, until the Mexican secularization act of 1833, when the area was divided into rancho grants. The settlement was largely abandoned by the U.S. Conquest of California in 1848 and stayed undeveloped until Santiago J. Duckworth built a summer colony in 1888. When the Carmel Development Company was formed in 1902, Carmel became an art colony and seaside resort, which incorporated in 1916.
Wisconsin's 32nd Senate district
Wisconsin's 32nd Senate district is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in western Wisconsin, the district comprises all of La Crosse County and nearly all of Vernon County, along with parts of southwest Monroe County and southeast Trempealeau County.  It includes the cities of La Crosse, Onalaska, Sparta, and Viroqua.

La Crosse, Wisconsin
La Crosse (/ləˈkrɒs/ ⓘ lə-KROSS) is a city in La Crosse County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. Positioned alongside the Mississippi River, La Crosse is the most populous city on Wisconsin's western border. The population was 52,680 at the 2020 census. The La Crosse–Onalaska metropolitan area has an estimated 140,000 residents.

La Crosse's economy serves as a regional educational, medical, manufacturing, and transportation hub for Western Wisconsin producing a gross domestic product (GDP) of $10.1 billion for the La Crosse–Onalaska metropolitan area as of 2023. Home to the University of Wisconsin–La Crosse, Viterbo University, and Western Technical College, the city has nearly 20,000 students. The La Crosse area is home to the headquarters or regional offices of Kwik Trip, Organic Valley, Mayo Clinic, Gundersen Health System, Gensler, La Crosse Technology, City Brewing Company, and Trane.
Denis Burke (Australian politician)
Denis Gabriel Burke (born 22 September 1948) is a former Australian politician. A former Australian Army officer, he served as a Country Liberal Party member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 1994 to 2005. He spent two years as Chief Minister after succeeding Shane Stone, but oversaw the CLP's defeat at the 2001 election, ending 27 years of continuous CLP government in the Northern Territory. Burke later served as Opposition Leader from 2001 to 2003 before being toppled, but was re-elected as leader in 2005. He subsequently took the party to defeat at the 2005 election, culminating in the shock loss of his own seat.

2005 Northern Territory general election
A general election was held in the Northern Territory, Australia, on 18 June 2005. The centre-left Labor Party, led by Chief Minister Clare Martin, won a second term with a landslide victory, winning six of the ten seats held by the opposition Country Liberal Party in the 25-member Northern Territory Legislative Assembly, bringing their total to 19. It was the second largest victory in any Northern Territory election. The only larger majority in the history of the Territory was in the first election, in 1974. In that contest, the CLP won 17 of the 19 seats in the chamber, and faced only two independents as opposition.

The most notable casualty was Opposition Leader Denis Burke's loss of his own seat of Brennan.  It was only the second time a party leader in the Territory had been defeated in his own electorate, after Majority Leader Goff Letts losing his seat of Victoria River in 1977.
Buckshaw Village
Buckshaw Village (often shortened to Buckshaw) is a 21st-century village and industrial area between the towns of Chorley and Leyland in Lancashire, England, developed on the site of the former Royal Ordnance Factory (ROF) Chorley. It had a population of 4,000. It is divided between the civil parishes of Euxton (south) and Whittle-le-Woods (north east) in Chorley, with the north western part being in Leyland unparished area in South Ribble district.

The new development covers several square miles, mainly consisting of the part of Euxton known as Buckshaw, which was requisitioned by the War Office in the 1930s. It is described by developers Redrow plc as "One of the largest brownfield schemes of its kind throughout Europe"; as of 2022, they report that over 3,000 homes have been built and 10,000 jobs created.

Chorley
Chorley is a town and the administrative centre of the wider Borough of Chorley in Lancashire, England, 8 miles (13 km) north of Wigan, 11 miles (18 km) south west of Blackburn, 11 miles (18 km) north west of Bolton, 12 miles (19 km) south of Preston and 20 miles (32 km) north west of Manchester. The town's wealth came principally from the cotton industry. In 2020 it had a population of 36,682.

In the 1970s, the skyline was dominated by factory chimneys, but most have now been demolished: remnants of the industrial past include Morrisons chimney and other mill buildings, and the streets of terraced houses for mill workers. Chorley is the home of the Chorley cake.
Agness Underwood
Agness May Underwood (née Wilson; December 17, 1902 – July 3, 1984) was an American journalist and newspaper editor and one of the first women in the United States to hold a city editorship on a major metropolitan daily. She was preceded by Laura Vitray who became city editor of the New York Evening Graphic in 1930 and by Mary Holland Kinkaid who was city editor at the old Herald, likely in the early 1900s.  She worked as a reporter for the Los Angeles Record from 1928 to 1935, the Herald-Express from 1935 to 1962 and the Herald-Examiner from 1962 to 1968.

Los Angeles Herald Examiner
The Los Angeles Herald Examiner was a major Los Angeles daily newspaper, published in the afternoon from Monday to Friday and in the morning on Saturdays and Sundays. It was part of the Hearst syndicate. It was formed when the afternoon Herald-Express and the morning Los Angeles Examiner, both of which were published there since the turn of the 20th century, merged in 1962.

For a few years after the merger, the Los Angeles Herald Examiner had the largest afternoon-newspaper circulation in the US. It published its last edition on November 2, 1989.
Continental R-670
The Continental R-670 (factory designation W670) was a seven-cylinder four-stroke radial aircraft engine produced by Continental displacing 668 cubic inches (11 litres) and a dry weight of 465 lb (211 kg). Horsepower varied from 210 to 240 at 2,200 rpm. The engine was the successor to Continental's first radial engine, the 170 hp Continental A-70. This engine was used on many aircraft in the 1930s and 1940s. The R-670 was widely used in the PT-17 Stearman primary training aircraft of the U.S. military.

In addition to being used in aircraft, the R-670 was used in a number of light armored vehicles of World War II.

Boeing-Stearman Model 75
The Stearman (Boeing) Model 75 is an American biplane formerly used as a military trainer aircraft, of which at least 10,626 were built in the United States during the 1930s and 1940s. Stearman Aircraft became a subsidiary of Boeing in 1934. Widely known as the Stearman, Boeing Stearman,  or Kaydet, it served as a primary trainer for the United States Army Air Forces, the United States Navy (as the NS and N2S), and with the Royal Canadian Air Force as the Kaydet throughout World War II. After the conflict was over, thousands of surplus aircraft were sold on the civilian market. In the immediate postwar years, they became popular as crop dusters and sports planes, and for aerobatic and wing walking use in air shows.
Keshoraipatan
Keshoraipatan is a city located in the state of Rajasthan, India. The town is famous for the temple of Keshav Rai Ji Maharaj or Lord Vishnu which lies on banks of the Chambal River.
The town is 20 km from the well known education hub of India, Kota.
Mratunjaya Mahadev temple is another important shrine of the town. The temple is one of the oldest temples of Rajasthan. There is a very old Jain temple of lord munisuvrat in the city. Kalyanrai temple is old temple of Keshavraiji. Here is a Teela (Knoll in English) where coins and many ancient things are found. Many devotees take a bath in the Chambal River during Kartik poornima.

Munisuvrata
Munisuvrata or Munisuvratanatha (IAST: Munisuvratanātha) (Devanagari: मुनिसुव्रतनाथ) (Sanskrit: मुनिसुव्रतः) was the twentieth Tirthankara of the present half time cycle (avasarpini) in Jain cosmology. He became a siddha, a liberated soul which has destroyed all of his karma. Events of the Jaina version of Ramayana are placed at the time of Munisuvrata. Munisuvrata lived for over 30,000 years. His chief apostle (gaṇadhara) was sage Malli Svāmi.
Atwima District
Atwima District is a former district that was located in Ashanti Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988. However on 12 November 2003 (effective 18 February 2004), it was split off into two new districts by a decree of president John Agyekum Kufuor: Atwima Nwabiagya District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 6 February 2018; capital: Nkawie) and Atwima Mponua District (capital: Asesewa). The district assembly was located in the western part of Ashanti Region and had Nkawie as its capital town.

Atwima Mponua District
Atwima Mponua District is one of the forty-three districts in Ashanti Region, Ghana, and is the westernmost district in the Ashanti Region. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Atwima District in 1988; until part of the district was split off to create Atwima Mpouna District by a decree of president John Agyekum Kufuor on 12 November 2003 (effective 18 February 2004); while the remaining part has been renamed as Atwima Nwabiagya District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018 to become Atwima Nwabiagya Municipal District). The district assembly is located in the western part of Ashanti Region and has Nyinahin as its capital town.
Theta correspondence
In mathematics, the theta correspondence or Howe correspondence is a mathematical relation between representations of two groups of a reductive dual pair. The local theta correspondence relates irreducible admissible representations over a local field, while the global theta correspondence relates irreducible automorphic representations over a global field.

The theta correspondence was introduced by Roger Howe in Howe (1979). Its name arose due to its origin in André Weil's representation theoretical formulation of the theory of theta series in Weil (1964). The Shimura correspondence as constructed by Jean-Loup Waldspurger in Waldspurger (1980) and Waldspurger (1991) may be viewed as an instance of the theta correspondence.

Roger Evans Howe
Roger Evans Howe  (born May 23, 1945) is the William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at Yale University, and Curtis D. Robert Endowed Chair in Mathematics Education at Texas A&M University. He is known for his contributions to representation theory, in particular for the notion of a reductive dual pair and the Howe correspondence, and his contributions to mathematics education.
Once Upon a Time When We Were Colored
Once Upon a Time When We Were Colored is a memoir by Clifton Taulbert, first published in 1989.  Taulbert writes about his life experiences from his childhood in a small Mississippi town during the segregated 1950s to his emigration North in 1962 at the age of 17.  The book won Taulbert a Pulitzer Prize nomination and was later made into a 1996 movie starring Phylicia Rashad, Richard Roundtree, Isaac Hayes, and Al Freeman, Jr.

Once Upon a Time... When We Were Colored
Once Upon a Time... When We Were Colored is a 1996 American period drama film directed by Tim Reid and starring Al Freeman Jr., Phylicia Rashad
and Leon. The screenplay was written by Paul W. Cooper. The film is based on Clifton Taulbert’s real life and his non-fiction book Once Upon a Time When We Were Colored.
Yellowstone hotspot
The Yellowstone hotspot is a volcanic hotspot in the United States responsible for large scale volcanism in Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, and Wyoming, formed as the North American tectonic plate moved over it. It formed the eastern Snake River Plain through a succession of caldera-forming eruptions. The resulting calderas include the Island Park Caldera, Henry's Fork Caldera, and the Bruneau-Jarbidge caldera. The hotspot currently lies under the Yellowstone Caldera. The hotspot's most recent caldera-forming supereruption, known as the Lava Creek Eruption, took place 640,000 years ago and created the Lava Creek Tuff, and the most recent Yellowstone Caldera. The Yellowstone hotspot is one of a few volcanic hotspots underlying the North American tectonic plate; another example is the Anahim hotspot.

Columbia River Basalt Group
The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) is the youngest, smallest and one of the best-preserved continental flood basalt provinces on Earth, covering over 210,000 km2 (81,000 sq mi) mainly eastern Oregon and Washington, western Idaho, and part of northern Nevada. The basalt group includes the Steens and Picture Gorge basalt formations.