hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
105th Regiment of Foot (Madras Light Infantry)
The 105th Regiment of Foot (Madras Light Infantry) was an infantry regiment of the British Army, raised by the Honourable East India Company in 1766. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 51st (2nd Yorkshire West Riding) Regiment of Foot to form the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry.

51st (2nd Yorkshire West Riding) Regiment of Foot
The 51st (2nd Yorkshire West Riding) Regiment of Foot  was a British Army line infantry regiment, raised in 1755. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 105th Regiment of Foot (Madras Light Infantry) to form the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry in 1881.
Lauren McLean
Lauren Stein McLean (born October 20, 1974) is an American politician and entrepreneur currently serving as the mayor of Boise, Idaho. McLean was elected in the 2019 mayoral election, defeating incumbent mayor Dave Bieter. She assumed office on January 7, 2020.

McLean is a member of the Democratic Party.

Dave Bieter
David Harold Bieter (born November 1, 1959) is an American politician and attorney who served as mayor of Boise from 2004 to 2020. A Democrat, Bieter was the longest-serving mayor in the city's history. According to The New York Times, he was the only Basque-speaking mayor in the United States as of 2012. His father, Pat Bieter, was also a local politician who served in the Idaho House of Representatives.
21st Century Media
21st Century Media was an American media company.  It was the successor of Ingersoll Publications and Journal Register Company, and it was succeeded by Digital First Media.

The company operated more than 350 multi-platform products in 992 communities. On April 5, 2013, the assets of Journal Register Company and its affiliates were sold to 21st CMH Acquisition Co. The Journal Register Company then became known as 21st Century Media.

The company was led by CEO John Paton. He argued that the Journal Register needed to transform from a newspaper company to a "digital first, print last" company. Paton, formerly CEO of ImpreMedia, initiated this change on February 1, 2010, by announcing he would provide all reporters with Flip video cameras as a sign of his commitment to the company's digital transformation.

In 2013, MediaNews Group and 21st Century Media merged into Digital First Media. Digital First Media is owned by Alden Global Capital.

MediaNews Group
MNG Enterprises, Inc., doing business as Digital First Media and MediaNews Group, is a Denver, Colorado, United States–based newspaper publisher owned by Alden Global Capital. As of May 2021, it owns over 100 newspapers and 200 assorted other publications.
Verona–Bologna railway
The Verona–Bologna railway is a major Italian railway connecting Verona and Bologna and part of the major axis from the Brenner railway to the Bologna–Florence and on to Rome. The line is part of the Line 1 of Trans-European Transport Networks (TEN-T). It is considered a "fundamental" line by the state railways Ferrovie dello Stato (FS).

The railway infrastructure is controlled and managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana a subsidiary of FS.  After being single track for most of its length for almost all of its history, in recent years it has been progressively duplicated; this was completed on 26 July 2009 with the opening of the second track between the crossover at P.C. Ostiglia Nord and Poggio Rusco station.

Bologna–Florence high-speed railway
The Bologna–Florence high-speed railway is a link in the Italian high-speed rail network.  It is part of Corridor 1 of the European Union's Trans-European high-speed rail network, which connects Berlin and Palermo. Full commercial operations commenced on 5 December 2009. High-speed passenger trains take 37 minutes over the route compared to about 59 minutes previously.

The line's northern end is at Bologna Centrale railway station and it connects with the Milan–Bologna high-speed line and lines to Venice (Padua–Bologna railway) and Verona (Verona–Bologna railway), respectively. Its southern end is at Firenze Santa Maria Novella railway station and it connects with the Florence–Rome high-speed line. It is largely used by high-speed passenger trains, while the majority of goods trains have continued to use the old Bologna–Florence railway, known as the Direttissima. Since 2018, high speed freight services have also been run upon the line.
Mizkif
Mizkif, also known as Matthew Rinaudo (born February 16), is an American Twitch streamer and YouTuber. He is a founder of the gaming organization One True King. He was named Best Just Chatting Streamer at the 2021 Streamer Awards.

One True King
OTK Media, Inc., doing business as One True King, is an American media organization based in Austin, Texas. The organization primarily focuses on online content creation and has previously competed professionally in World of Warcraft. Since the organization's founding, it has been subject to multiple controversies surrounding racism and sexual assault involving its members and founders.
Carson–Newman University
Carson-Newman University is a private university in Jefferson City, Tennessee, United States. Carson-Newman is affiliated with the Tennessee Baptist Mission Board. Founded in 1851, the university enrolls about 2,500 students. Studies are offered in approximately 90 different academic programs.

Tennessee Baptist Mission Board
The Tennessee Baptist Mission Board (formerly Executive Board of the Tennessee Baptist Convention) is the Tennessee mission board that serves the statewide network of churches that comprise the Tennessee Baptist Convention. It maintains offices in Franklin, Tennessee. Members include 66 Baptist associations and about 3,200 churches.
John C. Portman Jr.
John Calvin Portman Jr. (December 4, 1924 – December 29, 2017) was an American neofuturistic architect and real estate developer widely known for popularizing hotels and office buildings with multi-storied interior atria. Portman also had a particularly large impact on the cityscape of his hometown of Atlanta, with the Peachtree Center complex serving as downtown's business and tourism anchor from the 1970s onward. The Peachtree Center area includes Portman-designed Hyatt, Westin, and Marriott hotels. Portman's plans typically dealt with primitives in the forms of symmetrical squares and circles.

Atlanta Marriott Marquis
The Atlanta Marriott Marquis is a 47-story, 168.86 m (554.0 ft) Marriott hotel in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is the 15th tallest skyscraper in the city. The building was designed by Atlanta architect John C. Portman Jr. and supported by local engineer Blake Van Leer with construction completed in 1985. Because of its bulging base, it is often referred to as the "Pregnant Building" or the "Coca Cola" building as it resembles a bottle of Coke from the side elevation.
Interphalangeal joints of the foot
The interphalangeal joints of the foot are the joints between the phalanx bones of the toes in the feet.

Since the great toe only has two phalanx bones (proximal and distal phalanges), it only has one interphalangeal joint, which is often abbreviated as the "IP joint". The rest of the toes each have three phalanx bones (proximal, middle, and distal phalanges), so they have two interphalangeal joints: the proximal interphalangeal joint between the proximal and middle phalanges (abbreviated "PIP joint") and the distal interphalangeal joint between the middle and distal phalanges (abbreviated "DIP joint").

All interphalangeal joints are ginglymoid (hinge) joints, and each has a plantar (underside) and two collateral ligaments.  In the arrangement of these ligaments, extensor tendons supply the places of dorsal ligaments, which is similar to that in the metatarsophalangeal articulations.

Toe
Toes are the digits of the foot of a tetrapod. Animal species such as cats that walk on their toes are described as being digitigrade. Humans, and other animals that walk on the soles of their feet, are described as being plantigrade; unguligrade animals are those that walk on hooves at the tips of their toes.
Matthias Der
Matthias Clement Tze-Wo Der (Chinese: 謝子和; born 14 August 1964) is an Anglican bishop from Hong Kong. He has served as Bishop of Hong Kong Island since January 2021. Prior to his episcopacy, he served as the dean of St John's Cathedral, Hong Kong from July 2012 to December 2020.

Diocese of Hong Kong Island
The Diocese of Hong Kong Island is one of the three dioceses under the Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui, a province of the Anglican Communion. Its territory covers Hong Kong Island and the outlying islands. The cathedral of the diocese, St. John's Cathedral, is the oldest surviving Western ecclesiastical building in Hong Kong. It was constructed in the 1840s.

The incumbent Bishop of Hong Kong Island, Matthias Der, was consecrated as bishop on 3 October 2020 and enthroned on 2 January 2021. Der succeeded Paul Kwong as bishop of the diocese, who served concurrently as Archbishop and Primate of Hong Kong.
Air medical services
Air medical services are the use of aircraft, including both fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters to provide various kinds of urgent medical care, especially prehospital, emergency and critical care to patients during aeromedical evacuation and rescue operations.

Medical evacuation
Medical evacuation, often shortened to medevac or medivac, is the timely and efficient movement and en route care provided by medical personnel to patients requiring evacuation or transport using medically equipped air ambulances, helicopters and other means of emergency transport including ground ambulance and maritime transfers.

Examples include civilian EMS vehicles, civilian aeromedical helicopter services, and military air ambulances. This term also covers the transfer of patients from the battlefield to a treatment facility or from one treatment facility to another by medical personnel, such as from a local hospital to another medical facility which has adequate medical equipment.
Allani
Allani, also known under the Akkadian name Allatu (or Allatum), was the Hurrian goddess of the underworld. She was also associated with the determination of fate. She was closely linked with Išḫara, and they could be invoked or receive offerings together. She also developed connection with other underworld deities from neighboring cultures, such as Mesopotamian Ereshkigal (who eventually came to be equated with her), Anatolian Sun goddess of the Earth and Lelwani, and possibly Ugaritic Arsay. It is presumed she was chiefly worshiped in western areas inhabited by the Hurrians, though the location of her main cult center is uncertain. She is attested in texts from sites such as Tigunani, Tuttul and Ugarit. She was also incorporated into the Mesopotamian pantheon, and was venerated in Ur, Nippur and Sippar. Hittite sources mentioning her are known too.

Arsay
Arsay (Ugaritic: ‘arṣy) was a goddess worshiped in the city of Ugarit in the late Bronze Age. Her standing in the Ugaritic pantheon and her role in Ugaritic religion remain uncertain. It has been proposed that she was associated with the underworld or with groundwater, though neither theory found universal support. She was most likely regarded as a daughter of the weather god Baal, though neither of the goddesses most often associated with him, Anat and Ashtart, was ever described as her mother. In  a single passage from the Baal Cycle she appears alongside Pidray and Tallay, and as a result these three goddesses are often grouped in scholarship, but there is no evidence that they were associated with her in other contexts.
Parivāra
Parivāra (Pāli for "accessory") is the third and last book of the Theravādin Vinaya Pitaka.  It includes a summary and multiple analyses of the various rules identified in the Vinaya Pitaka's first two books, the Suttavibhanga and the Khandhaka, primarily for didactic purposes. Because it includes a long list of teachers in Ceylon, scholars, and Theravada fundamentalists, in its present form some suggest the work may be written later than the Fourth Council in Ceylon in the last century BCE, when the Pali Canon was written down from oral tradition.

Vinaya Piṭaka
The Vinaya Piṭaka (English: Basket of Discipline) is the first of the three divisions of the Pali Tripitaka, the definitive canonical collection of scripture of Theravada Buddhism. The other two parts of the Tripiṭaka are the Sutta Piṭaka and the Abhidhamma Piṭaka. Its primary subject matter is the monastic rules of conduct for monks and nuns of the Sangha.
Tetsuo: The Bullet Man
Tetsuo: The Bullet Man is a 2009 English-language Japanese cyberpunk body horror thriller film directed by Shinya Tsukamoto. The film is a standalone sequel to Tetsuo: The Iron Man (1989) and Tetsuo II: Body Hammer (1992), and follows a man who transforms into a rageful metallic being after his son is killed in a car crash. It stars Eric Bossick, Akiko Monō, Yuko Nakamura, Stephen Sarrazin, and Tsukamoto. The film premiered at the Venice Film Festival on 5 September 2009, and released in Japan on 22 May 2010, by Asmik Ace Entertainment.

Tetsuo II: Body Hammer
Tetsuo II: Body Hammer (鉄男II Body Hammer) is a 1992 Japanese tokusatsu
cyberpunk body horror thriller film directed by Shinya Tsukamoto. It is a bigger-budget sequel to Tsukamoto's 1989 film Tetsuo: The Iron Man, utilizing similar themes and ideas as his first film, and largely the same cast, though the story is not a direct continuation of that of its predecessor. In Body Hammer, a Japanese salaryman, played by cult actor Tomorowo Taguchi, finds his body transforming into a weapon through sheer rage after his son is kidnapped by a gang of violent thugs.

Although not as well received as its predecessor, Body Hammer won the Critic's Award at the 3rd Yubari International Fantastic Film Festival in February 1992.

A third installment, entitled The Bullet Man, was released in May 2010.
University of Timbuktu
"University of Timbuktu" is a collective term for the teaching community of three mosques in the city of Timbuktu in what is now Mali: the mosques of Sankore, Djinguereber, and Sidi Yahya. It was an organized scholastic community that endured for many centuries during the medieval period. The university contributed to the modern understanding of Islamic and academic studies in West Africa during the medieval period and produced a number of scholars and manuscripts taught under the Maliki school of thought.

Sidi Yahya Mosque
The Sidi Yahya Mosque (Arabic: جامع سيدي يحيى; French: Mosquée Sidi Yahya), also known as the Mosque of Muhammad-n-Allah, is a mosque and madrasa of Timbuktu in Mali. The construction of the mosque began in 1400 under the leadership of Sheikh el-Mokhtar Hamalla of Timbuktu and was finished in 1440.

The mosque was named after its first imam, Sidi Yahya al-Tadelsi. It is part of the University of Timbuktu, which includes the madrasas of Sidi Yahya, Djinguereber and Sankore. The mosque is a typical example of earthen Sudano-Sahelian architecture but also exhibits distinctive forms of plan and ornament. Parts of the Mosque of Sidi Yahya were destroyed by Ansar Dine jihadists on 2 July 2012, following the Battle of Gao. These elements were later reconstructed under the direction of UNESCO team.
Sabit Damolla
Sabit Damolla (Uyghur: سابىت داموللا; Chinese: 沙比提大毛拉·阿不都爾巴克; June 1883 – 1934) was an East Turkestan independence leader who led the Hotan rebellion against the Xinjiang Province government of Jin Shuren and later the Uyghur leader Khoja Niyaz. He is widely known as the first and only prime minister of the short-lived Turkic Islamic Republic of East Turkestan from November 12, 1933, until the republic's defeat in April 16, 1934.

Khoja Niyaz
Khoja Niyaz, also Khoja Niyaz Haji (Uyghur: خوجا نىياز ھاجى, romanized: Xoja Niyaz Haji; Chinese: 和加尼牙孜; pinyin: Héjiā Níyázī; 1889 – 21 August 1941), was a Uyghur independence movement leader who led several rebellions in Xinjiang against the Kumul Khanate, the Chinese governor Jin Shuren and later the Hui warlord Ma Zhongying. He is best remembered as the first and only president of the short-lived Islamic Republic of Eastern Turkestan from November 1933 until the republic's defeat in April 1934.
Avocaré Island
16°36′10″S 59°38′26″E﻿ / ﻿16.60278°S 59.64056°E﻿ / -16.60278; 59.64056

Avocaré Island (Avoquer, Avocaire, L'Avocaire) is an island located in the St Brandon archipelago.

In the World Bank Report recommending the creation of the marine protected area of St. Brandon, Avocaré Island was classified as a Group 3 Island together with Île Raphael, L'Île Coco and L'île du Sud.

In 1846, Avocaré Island was visited by British naval officer Edward Belcher aboard HMS Samarang, who confirmed that it was then a principal fishing station with fishermen catching 102 kg of fish per day. Avocaré Island is today an uninhabited bird and turtle sanctuary. Access to the island is restricted to prevent the introduction of invasive alien species.

L'île du Sud
L'île du Sud (South Island, l'île Boisées) is an island located in the St. Brandon archipelago. It is one of the three islands (the others being Île Raphael and L'Île Coco) used as a base of operations for fishing activities by Raphael Fishing Company, the only resident fishing company in the Cargados Carajos shoals under a 1901 contract with the government of Mauritius.
Berean Bible College
Berean Bible College was a non-accredited Christian college in Poway, California, United States. It is affiliated with the Living Way Church, which is a non-denominational Christian church. The college closed permanently in 2018.

Poway, California
Poway (/ˈpaʊ.eɪ/) is a city in San Diego County, California, United States. Poway's rural roots influenced its motto "The City in the Country". The city had a population of 48,841 as of the 2020 United States census.

Poway is part of San Diego's North County.
Fujiwara no Nakanari
Fujiwara no Nakanari (藤原 仲成; 764 – October 16, 810) was a Japanese noble of the early Heian period. He was the eldest son of the chūnagon Fujiwara no Tanetsugu of the Fujiwara Shikike. He reached the court rank of ju shi-i no ge (従四位下) and sangi.

Fujiwara no Tanetsugu
Fujiwara no Tanetsugu (藤原 種継; 737 – November 4, 785) was a Japanese noble of the late Nara period. He was the grandson of the sangi Fujiwara no Umakai, the founder of the Fujiwara Shikike. He reached the court rank of shō san-mi (正三位) and the position of chūnagon. He was posthumously awarded the rank of shō ichi-i (正一位) and the position of daijō-daijin.
Ionosonde
An ionosonde, or chirpsounder, is a special radar for the examination of the ionosphere. The basic ionosonde technology was invented in 1925 by Gregory Breit and Merle A. Tuve and further developed in the late 1920s by a number of prominent physicists, including Edward Victor Appleton. The term ionosphere and hence, the etymology of its derivatives, was proposed by Robert Watson-Watt.

Ionosphere
The ionosphere (/aɪˈɒnəˌsfɪər/) is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important role in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on Earth. Travel through this layer also impacts GPS signals, resulting in effects such as deflection in their path and delay in the arrival of the signal.
Space modulation
Space modulation is a radio amplitude modulation technique used in instrument landing systems (ILS) that incorporates the use of multiple antennas fed with various radio frequency powers and phases to create different depths of modulation within various volumes of three-dimensional airspace. This modulation method differs from internal modulation methods inside most other radio transmitters in that the phases and powers of the two individual signals mix within airspace, rather than in a modulator.

An aircraft with an on-board ILS receiver within the capture area of an ILS, (glideslope and localizer range), can detect varying depths of modulation according to the aircraft's position within that airspace, providing accurate positional information about the progress to the threshold.

Difference in the depth of modulation
The difference in the depth of modulation (DDM) is used by instrument landing systems in conjunction with the associated airborne receiving equipment to define a position in airspace. DDM is usually expressed in percentage but may also be expressed in microamperes. The two individual audio modulation frequencies and their associated sidebands are 90 and 150 Hz. The DDM for a localizer at the outer extremity of the course sector is 15.5% or an electric current equivalent of 150 microamperes full scale deflection.
Polish Medical Air Rescue
The Polish Medical Air Rescue (Polish: Lotnicze Pogotowie Ratunkowe, lit. 'Aerial Emergency Medical Service', LPR) is an air ambulance service providing Poland with helicopter emergency medical services within the State Medical Rescue, publicly funded system of urgent medical care, and aerial patient transfer services that can be requested by any health care provider.

Other Polish institutions providing air ambulance services include Tatra Volunteer Search and Rescue with its PZL W-3 Sokół helicopter and SAR units of Polish Navy.

Emergency medical services in Poland
State Medical Rescue (Polish: Państwowe Ratownictwo Medyczne, PRM) in Poland is a system of free public emergency healthcare established by Ustawa o Państwowym Ratownictwie Medycznym (State Medical Rescue Act), including ambulance service and Emergency Departments (EDs).  While in Polish public hospitals and clinics NFZ common public insurance is required, PRM medical services in ambulances and EDs are completely free for everyone. Since 2018 emergency ambulances that operates in PRM, that is Polish 112 and 999 emergency numbers, are operated by public entities only (mostly voivodeships and cities dependent organisations).
Hallingdal
Hallingdal (English: Halling Valley) is a valley as well as a traditional district located in the traditional and electoral district Buskerud county in Norway. It consists of six municipalities: Flå, Nes, Gol, Hemsedal, Ål and Hol.

Hallingdal is one of the major valleys of eastern Norway, on an area of 5,830 square kilometers. Hallingdal lies in the northern part of the county of Buskerud. The valley stretches from Gulsvik by Lake Krøderen to the border with Hordaland and Sogn og Fjordane. Central to the geography is relatively flat mountain area which lies 700–1,100 m (2,300–3,600 ft) above sea level. The valley is V-shaped and is drained by the Hallingdal River which originates in the western parts of Hardangervidda and flows eastwards later southwards through Hallingdal.

Flå
Flå is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Flå.  The municipality of Flå was established when it was separated from Nes Municipality on 1 January 1905. The municipality lies at the most southeasterly point in the valley and traditional region of Hallingdal.