hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bill & Laurel Cooper
Until Bill's death, Bill & Laurel Cooper were a married couple who were successful co-authors of several nautical books and travelogues. For a record number of decades, they lived afloat on a succession of boats, including a ketch sailing boat, a Dutch barge, and a motor boat of their own design.

Dutch barge
A Dutch barge is a traditional flat-bottomed shoal-draught barge, originally used to carry cargo in the shallow Zuiderzee and the waterways of The Netherlands. There are many types of Dutch barge, with characteristics determined by regional conditions and traditions.

Originally, Dutch barges were sailing craft with wooden hulls. Today, while few wooden examples remain, there are many steel barges that are 100 years old or more. Although most Dutch barges have been converted to motor-propulsion, schuyt sailing contests are still held on the IJsselmeer and on the Wadden Sea (Waddenzee). Dutch barges have become popular live-aboard leisure craft, and brand-new "Dutch-style" examples continue to be built.
Hillcrest, Rockland County, New York
Hillcrest is a hamlet incorporated in 1893 and census-designated place, in the town of Ramapo, Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of Spring Valley, east of Viola, south of New Square and New Hempstead, and west of New City. The population was 8,164 at the 2020 census.

It is a bedroom suburb of New York City, as many residents commute to employment in Manhattan (and, to a lesser extent, northern New Jersey) by bus (Red and Tan Lines), train (Metro-North Railroad) or automobile. It is primarily served by the Spring Valley post office.

Ramapo, New York
Ramapo (English pronunciation: /ˈɹæːməpoʊ/ ⓘ) is a town in Rockland County, New York, United States.  It was originally formed as New Hampstead, in 1791, and became Ramapo in 1828. It shares its name with the Ramapo River. As of the 2020 census, Ramapo had a total population of 148,919, making it the most populous town in New York outside of Long Island. If all towns in New York were cities, Ramapo would be the 12th-largest city in the state of New York.

The town's name, recorded variously as Ramopuck, Ramapock, or Ramapough, is of Lenape origin, meaning either "sweet water" or "slanting rocks". Early maps referred to Ramapo as Ramepog (1695), Ramepogh (1711), and Ramapog (1775).

The town is located south of Haverstraw and west of Clarkstown and Orangetown.
Jackie Nava
Jacqueline Nava Mouett (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɟ͡ʝaki ˈnaβa]; born 11 April 1980) is a Mexican professional boxer. She is a former world champion in two weight classes, having held the WBA female bantamweight title in 2005; the WBC female super bantamweight title twice between 2005 and 2015; and the WBA super bantamweight title twice between 2012 and 2015. Nava is a member of the International Women's Boxing Hall of Fame. In 2015, voters in the eighth federal electoral district of Baja California elected Nava to the Chamber of Deputies for the 63rd session of Congress.

International Women's Boxing Hall of Fame
The International Women's Boxing Hall of Fame (IWBHF) is a sports hall of fame located in Vancouver, Washington. It is dedicated to women's boxing, and was started by Sue TL Fox and her website Women Boxing Archive Network. The Hall of Fame has a board of 11 members, who vote on nominees who are submitted to the IWBHF by the public. Terri Moss, a 2015 inductee, says that the IWBHF helps show women's accomplishments in the sport. Their primary mission is to "call honorary attention to those professional female boxers (now retired) along with men and women whose contributions to the sport and its athletes, from outside the ring, have been instrumental in growing female boxing."
Dobbm
Dobbm or Tappen is a card game played in the Stubai valley in Austria and is one of a family of games derived from the Tarot game of Grosstarock by adapting its rules to a regular, shortened pack of 36 cards. The ranking and point value of the cards in Dobbm is typical of the family and, like its other members, one player always plays as a soloist against all the others. It is highly popular in the Stubai valley among card players of all generations, but is unknown in the surrounding regions.

Bauerntarock
Bauerntarock ("farmers' tarot") also called Brixentaler Bauerntarock or Brixental Tarock, is a point-trick card game played in the Brixental, Austria. It may have originated in the 19th century either as an adaptation of 54-card Tapp Tarock onto the cheaper and smaller 36-card German pack. Another possibility is that it was adapted from the 78-card Grosstarock or Taroc l'Hombre game as the ratio of trumps to non-trumps is almost the same. It uses the Skat Schedule found in popular regional games such as Jass and Schafkopf. It is closely related to Bavarian Tarock, German Tarok, Württemberg Tarock and especially Dobbm. Like Bavarian Tarock and Tapp, Brixental Bauerntarock and Dobbm do not belong to the true tarot games, but have adopted rules from Tapp Tarock. The most fundamental difference between these games and true tarot games is in the use of German or French decks instead of true Tarot playing cards.
Bay Area Rapid Transit
Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) is a rapid transit system serving the San Francisco Bay Area in California. BART serves 50 stations along six routes and 131 miles (211 kilometers) of track, including eBART, a 9-mile (14 km) spur line running to Antioch, and Oakland Airport Connector, a 3-mile (4.8 km) automated guideway transit line serving Oakland San Francisco Bay Airport. With an average of 186,000 weekday passenger trips as of the fourth quarter of 2025 and 55,483,900 annual passenger trips in 2025, BART is the seventh-busiest rapid transit system in the United States.

BART is operated by the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District which formed in 1957. The initial system opened in stages from 1972 to 1974. The system has been extended several times, most recently in 2020, when Milpitas and Berryessa/North San José stations opened as part of the under construction Silicon Valley BART extension in partnership with the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA).

Oakland Airport Connector
The Oakland Airport Connector is an automated guideway transit (AGT) system operated by Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) between BART's Coliseum station and Oakland International Airport station. The line is colored on BART maps as grey. The system is integrated into BART's fare system. The line opened for revenue service on November 22, 2014, replacing the AirBART shuttle bus service that  had operated since July 1, 1977. Currently operating between two terminal stations, the system includes provisions for an intermediate third station (Doolittle station) that may be built at a later date.

In 2024, the line had a ridership of 430,500, or about 1,200 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.
Hecho en España
Hecho en España, also known as Hecho en Madrid (English: Made in Spain or Made in Madrid), is the third live album by Mexican pop group RBD, released on October 1, 2007, in Mexico and on October 2 in Spain. The CD was recorded in Madrid on June 22, 2007, as part of RBD's Tour Celestial 2007. The show was held at the famous Spanish Vicente Calderón Stadium in front of almost 40,000 people. A live video of the entire concert was also recorded and released on DVD. The CD itself was released in a series of special edition packs: one included gloves and a lighter and a CD/DVD bundle, while another pack included gloves and an umbrella as well as a CD and DVD. The CD/DVD packs went on pre-sale on September 27, 2007, in Mexico, slated for their October 1 release. In February 2008, four months after the DVD release in Brazil, the CD was released in a special limited edition, celebrating the sales of over 50,000 DVDs in the country.

Hecho en España (video)
Hecho en España is the fifth material release by Mexican pop group RBD, released on October 1, 2007 in Mexico and on October 2, 2007 in Spain.

The concert was shot at the Vicente Calderón Stadium in Madrid, Spain, on June 22, 2007 in front of almost 40,000 people enjoying the group's music.  The DVD shows RBD's concert in Madrid during their "Tour Celestial 2007" in Spain. The DVD was released with special edition packs: one included gloves and a lighter, and another included gloves and an umbrella. The DVD packs went on pre-sale on September 27, 2007 in Mexico, slated for their October 1 release.

An accompanying live album CD of the same name was also released, selling over 100,000 copies in Mexico and Spain. In Brazil, a limited edition of the live album CD, of only which 2,000 copies were produced, was released to celebrate the sales of over 50,000 copies of the DVD in that country.
Leonard Fenwick
Sir Leonard Raymond Fenwick, CBE (born 10 August 1947) is an English hospital executive, who until August 2017 was the Chief Executive of Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, from where he was sacked after being found guilty of Gross Misconduct.

Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust is one of the Shelford Group of University Teaching Hospitals and an NHS Foundation Trust. It provides acute medical services in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, at Royal Victoria Infirmary and Freeman Hospital, the Campus for Ageing and Vitality (the former Newcastle General Hospital site), Newcastle Dental Hospital, Newcastle Fertility Centre and the Northern Genetics Service. The Great North Children's Hospital also is part of the trust and is located linked with RVI on the same site.

The Private Finance Initiative scheme at the trust is a 38-year deal with Healthcare Support (Newcastle) Ltd, a special purpose vehicle formed in 2005 involving the Commonwealth Bank, Equion and Laing O'Rourke, Interserve and Innisfree Ltd. In 2014, there was a dispute between the trust and Laing O'Rourke over two clinical office buildings.
Killing of Reza Ghanbari
Reza Ghanbari (Persian: رضا قنبری) was a 17-year-old Kurdish minor who was killed during protests in the Jafarabad neighborhood of Kermanshah on 3 January 2026. Security authorities reportedly pressured the family to describe Ghanbari as affiliated with the Basij and to attribute his death to protesters, which the family declined.

Kermanshah
Kermanshah (Persian: کرمانشاه, romanized: Kermânšâh, pronounced [keɾmɒːnˈʃɒːʰ] ⓘ; Southern Kurdish: کرماشان, romanized: Kirmaşan.) is a city in the Central District of Kermanshah province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. The city is 525 kilometres (326 miles) from Tehran in the western part of the country. The 2016 National Census measured the population of the city as 946,651 (2025 estimate 1,117,000). Kermanshah is widely recognised as the largest Kurdish-populated city in Iran and one of the most significant urban centres of Kurdish culture in the region. The Kurdish dialect of the city, known as Kermashani, belongs to the Southern Kurdish branch of the Kurdish language family.
George Lee, 2nd Earl of Lichfield
George Henry Lee I, 2nd Earl of Lichfield (1690–1743) was a younger son of Edward Henry Lee, 1st Earl of Lichfield and his wife Charlotte Fitzroy, an illegitimate daughter of Charles II by his mistress, the celebrated courtesan Barbara Villiers. On 14 July 1716 George Henry Lee succeeded his father as the 2nd Earl of Lichfield.

Earl of Lichfield
Earl of Lichfield is a title that has been created three times, twice in the  Peerage of England (1645 and 1674) and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1831). The third creation is extant and is held by a member of the Anson family.
Babar the Elephant
Babar the Elephant (UK: /ˈbæbɑːr/ BAB-ar, US: /bəˈbɑːr/ bə-BAR, French: [babaʁ]) is an elephant character named Babar who first appeared in 1931 in the French children's book Histoire de Babar by Jean de Brunhoff.

The book is based on a tale that Brunhoff's wife, Cécile, had invented for their children. It tells the story of a young African elephant, named Babar, whose mother is killed by a big game hunter. Babar the Elephant escapes, and in the process leaves the jungle in exile, visits a big city, and returns to bring the benefits of civilization to his fellow elephants. Just as he returns to his community of elephants, their king tragically dies from eating a poisonous mushroom.  Because of his travels and civilization, Babar is chosen king of the elephant kingdom. He marries his cousin, Celeste (French: Céleste), and they subsequently have children and teach them valuable lessons.

Jean de Brunhoff
Jean de Brunhoff (French: [ʒɑ̃ də bʁynɔf]; 9 December 1899 – 16 October 1937) was a French writer and illustrator remembered best for creating the Babar series of children's books concerning a fictional elephant, the first of which was published in 1931.
Blood of Dracula's Castle
Blood of Dracula's Castle is a 1969 American horror cult B-movie directed by Al Adamson and starring John Carradine, Alexander D'Arcy, Paula Raymond, Robert Dix, Vicki Volante, and John Cardos. It was released by exploitation film specialists Crown International Pictures. Although his name was played up in the lurid ad campaign, John Carradine only played George the butler in this film, and not Count Dracula. DVD prints all suffer from extensive emulsion scratches.

John Cardos
John "Bud" Cardos (December 20, 1929 – December 31, 2020) was an American actor, stuntman and film director. His father and uncle managed Grauman's Egyptian and Chinese theatres. He made television guest appearances on The Monroes, The High Chaparral and NBC's Daniel Boone starring Fess Parker.

Cardos is the subject of the 2016 biography Action! by actor Robert Dix and his wife Lynette Dix. Robert Dix and Cardos starred together in the Al Adamson-directed biker film Satan's Sadists.

Cardos appeared as himself and talked about his stunt career in the documentary film Danger God, which is about his friend and fellow stuntman Gary Kent.

On December 31, 2020, Cardos died at his ranch in Acton, California, at the age of 91.
Paco, Manila
Paco, formerly known as Dilao, is a district of Manila, Philippines, located south of the Pasig River and San Miguel, west of Santa Ana, southwest of Pandacan, north of Malate, northwest of San Andres Bukid, and east of Ermita. It had a population of 79,839 people as of the 2020 census.

Santa Ana, Manila
Santa Ana is a district in the City of Manila, Philippines. It is located on the city's southeast, bordering the cities of Mandaluyong and Makati in the east, the city districts of Paco and Pandacan in the west, and Santa Mesa in the north. It is part of the 6th congressional district of Manila, with thirty-five barangays. Based on the 2020 national census, the Philippine Statistics Authority reported that the district had a population of 203,598.
Priscilla Crabb
Priscilla Crabb JP (née Kennedy; 1 December 1864 – 27 June 1931) was a New Zealand temperance activist and community leader. For over a decade, she was a vice president of the Women's Christian Temperance Union of New Zealand (WCTU NZ), and she was acting president in 1920. She was one of the first women elected to the Palmerston North Hospital Board, and in 1928 she became the first woman in Palmerston North to be appointed a justice of the peace. While president of the local WCTU NZ chapter, she founded in 1917 an orphanage and refuge for mothers, the Willard Home (named after Frances Willard), which continues today on the same site as a rest home for the elderly.

Women's Christian Temperance Union New Zealand
Women's Christian Temperance Union of New Zealand (WCTU NZ) is a non-partisan, non-denominational, and non-profit organisation that is the oldest continuously active national organisation of women in New Zealand. The national organisation began in 1885 during the visit to New Zealand by Mary Clement Leavitt, the first world missionary for the Woman's Christian Temperance Union. The WCTU NZ was an early branch  of the World Woman's Christian Temperance Union and a founding affiliate of the National Council of Women of New Zealand. Men may join the WCTU NZ as honorary members.
The Spotlight Kid
The Spotlight Kid is the sixth studio album by Captain Beefheart. Released in 1972, it is the only album credited solely to Captain Beefheart (Don Van Vliet) rather than Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band, although every member is featured, and its material is considered part of the band's repertoire.  Often cited as one of the most accessible of Beefheart's albums, it is solidly founded in the blues but also uses instruments such as marimba and jingle bells that are not typical of that genre. The incarnation of the Magic Band on this album was Bill Harkleroad and Elliot Ingber, guitars; Mark Boston, bass; John French, drums; and Art Tripp, marimba. Session drummer Rhys Clark substituted for French on one track, "Glider".

Elliot Ingber
Elliot Ingber (August 24, 1941 – January 21, 2025) was an American guitarist, best known as a member of Frank Zappa's Mothers of Invention (1965-66), founder of the Fraternity of Man (1968-69), and then a member of Captain Beefheart's Magic Band in 1972-73.
Sextus Julius Iulus
Sextus Julius Iulus was a consular tribune of the Roman Republic in 424 BC.

Julius belonged to the patrician Julia gens and the branch known as the Julii Iuli, one of the early republics most influential families having produced five consuls prior to Sextus Julius. He is the first known Sextus among the Julii, a praenomen otherwise associated with a younger branch, the Julii Caesares, who appeared by the end of the 3rd century BC. As no filiations have survived it remains unclear of Julius connection to the other known Julii Iuli of the period, but there remains a possibility that Lucius Julius Iulus, consular tribune in 388 and 379 BC, was his son.

Julia gens
The gens Julia was one of the most prominent patrician families of ancient Rome. From the early decades of the Republic, members of this gens served in the highest offices of the Roman state, beginning with Gaius Julius Iulus, consul in 489 BC. However, the Julii are perhaps best known for Gaius Julius Caesar, the dictator and adoptive father of the emperor Augustus, through whom the name was passed to the Julio-Claudian dynasty of the first century AD. The nomen Julius became very common in imperial times, as the descendants of persons enrolled as citizens under the early emperors began to make their mark in history.
Economic Secretary to the Treasury
The Economic Secretary to the Treasury (EST) is a ministerial position in HM Treasury responsible for the UK government’s financial services, economic sanctions, financial crime, and debt and reserves management policy. Furthermore, the EST is responsible for the Treasury’s interests in British Overseas Territories (BOTs) and Crown Dependencies. Since 2014, the position has typically been held concurrently with City Minister. The position is shadowed by the Shadow Economic Secretary to the Secretary.

City Minister
City Minister is a ministerial position in His Majesty's Treasury. The minister is responsible for the British financial services sector, which is commonly known as "the City". Since 2014, the position is commonly held concurrently with Economic Secretary to the Treasury.
Max Welti
Max Welti  (born 6 September 1952 in Zürich, Switzerland) is a former Swiss racing driver, Sauber's first team manager and thus double winner of the 24 Hours of Le Mans as well as two-time sports car world champion with Sauber Mercedes. Five years later, he wins the 24 Hours of Le Mans for a second time with Porsche as the responsible race director. He then returns to Sauber as overall manager of the Sauber Formula One operation. In 2000 Welti becomes CEO of the European silhouette touring car racing series "V8STAR" before becoming team owner of A1  A1 Team Switzerland in 2005. As an international motorsport strategist and consultant, Welti nowadays works for OEMs, promoters and organisers.

Sauber C9
The Sauber C9 (later named the Sauber Mercedes C9 or Mercedes-Benz C9) is a Group C prototype racing car introduced in 1987 as a continuation of the partnership between Sauber as a constructor and Mercedes-Benz as an engine builder for the World Sportscar Championship. The C9 replaced the Sauber C8.
Thyreophoroi
The thyreophoroi or thureophoroi (Greek: θυρεοφόροι; sg.: thureophoros/thyreophoros, θυρεοφόρος) were a type of infantry soldier, common in the 3rd to 1st centuries BC, who carried a large oval shield called a thyreos which had a type of metal strip boss and a central spine. They were armed with a long thrusting spear, javelins and a sword. They also usually wore an iron or bronze Macedonian helmet.

The thureos was probably originally an adapted form of a Celtic shield. Thracian and Illyrian infantry probably adopted the shield before the Greeks. However, it has been suggested that the thureos was brought to Greece after Pyrrhus of Epirus' campaigns in Italy, as his Oscan allies and Roman enemies used the scutum.

Thorakitai
The thorakitai (Greek: θωρακίται; sg.: θωρακίτης, thorakites) were a type of soldier in Hellenistic armies similar to the thureophoroi. The literal translation of the term is "cuirassiers", which suggests that they may have worn a short Celtic mail shirt or possibly a linothorax.
Retroflex consonant
A retroflex (/ˈrɛtrəflɛks, -roʊ-/ ⓘ) consonant is a coronal consonant where the tongue has a flat, concave, or even curled shape, and is articulated between the alveolar ridge and the hard palate. They are sometimes referred to as cerebral consonants—especially in Indology. Other terms are domal and cacuminal (/kəˈkjuːmɪnəl/ ⓘ), though in rare cases either word can mean palatal consonants more broadly.

The Latin-derived word retroflex means "bent back"; some retroflex consonants are pronounced with the tongue fully curled back so that articulation involves the underside of the tongue tip (subapical). These sounds are sometimes described as "true" retroflex consonants. However, retroflexes are commonly taken to include other consonants having a similar place of articulation without such extreme curling of the tongue; these may be articulated with the tongue tip (apical) or the tongue blade (laminal). When apical, they have been called apico-domal or apico-palatal consonants.

Palatal consonant
Palatals are consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth). Consonants with the tip of the tongue curled back against the palate are called retroflex. Palatal sounds are occasionally called domal or cacuminal (/kəˈkjuːmɪnəl/ ⓘ), though usually those terms are restricted to retroflex consonants (apico-domal or apico-palatal), with 'palatal' restricted to laminal consonants (lamino-domal or lamino-palatal).

The term 'palatal' is commonly used more loosely for laminal or palatalized post-alveolar sounds, if there are no true palatals that contrast with them. This is especially the case with the IPA letters ⟨ɲ⟩ and ⟨ʎ⟩, which would often be more accurately transcribed as ⟨n̠ʲ⟩ and ⟨l̠ʲ⟩.
The She-bear
"The She-bear" is an Italian literary fairy tale, written by Giambattista Basile in his 1634 work, the Pentamerone.

Ruth Manning-Sanders included it in A Book of Princes and Princesses.

It is Aarne-Thompson classification system folktale type 510B, unnatural love.  Others of this type include Cap O' Rushes, Catskin, Allerleirauh, The King who Wished to Marry His Daughter, Donkeyskin, Little Cat Skin, Mossycoat, The Princess That Wore A Rabbit-Skin Dress, and The Bear.

Henriette-Julie de Murat used a similar transformation in Bearskin, for the heroine to escape not her father but an ogre husband.

Catskin
Catskin is an English fairy tale collected by Joseph Jacobs in More English Fairy Tales. Marian Roalfe Cox, in her study of Cinderella, identified as one of the basic types, the Unnatural Father, contrasting with Cinderella itself and Cap O' Rushes.