hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chūō-ku, Saitama
Chūō-ku (中央区, lit. "Central ward") is one of ten wards of the city of Saitama, in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, and is located in the northern part of the city. As of 1 March 2021, the ward had an estimated population of 102,364 and a population density of 12,000 persons per km2. Its total area is 8.39 square kilometres (3.24 sq mi).  Despite its name, it is not the administrative or the commercial centre of the city, roles which are designated to Urawa-ku and Ōmiya-ku respectively.

Urawa-ku, Saitama
Urawa (浦和区, Urawa-ku) is one of ten wards of the city of Saitama, in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. Located in the northeast of the city, Urawa is the governmental center of Saitama and houses most of the city's administrative offices including the city hall, as well as the offices of Saitama Prefectural government. Also, there are several newspaper branch offices and three broadcasting stations.
Emrullah İşler
Emrullah İşler (born 7 January 1960) is a Turkish theologian, university lecturer, and politician. On 25 December 2013, he was appointed as a deputy prime minister in the third cabinet of Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.

61st cabinet of Turkey
The third cabinet of Recep Tayyip Erdogan was the government of Turkey from 2011 to 2014, during the 24th parliamentary term of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. The cabinet succeeded the second Erdoğan cabinet following the 2011 Election.
Max Perutz
Max Ferdinand Perutz OM CH CBE FRS (19 May 1914 – 6 February 2002) was an Austrian-born British molecular biologist, who shared the 1962 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with John Kendrew, for their studies of the structures of haemoglobin and myoglobin. He went on to win the Royal Medal of the Royal Society in 1971 and the Copley Medal in 1979.  At Cambridge he founded and chaired (1962–79) The MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB), fourteen of whose scientists have won Nobel Prizes.

J. D. Bernal
John Desmond Bernal FRS (/bərˈnɑːl/; 10 May 1901 – 15 September 1971) was an Irish scientist who pioneered the use of X-ray crystallography in molecular biology. He published extensively on the history of science. In addition, Bernal wrote popular books on science and society. He was a communist activist and a member of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB).
868th Tactical Missile Training Squadron
The 868th Tactical Missile Training Squadron is an inactive unit of the United States Air Force.  Its last assignment was with the 868th Tactical Missile Training Group, at Davis Monthan Air Force Base, Arizona, where it conducted training with the BGM-109G Gryphon.  It was inactivated on 31 May 1990.

The squadron was first activated during World War II in the Southwest Pacific Theater as the 868th Bombardment Squadron, a specialized Consolidated B-24 Liberator unit conducting night raids on Japanese forces, earning a Distinguished Unit Citation.  After V-J Day, the squadron returned to the United States for inactivation.  It was activated again as the 868th Tactical Missile Squadron on Tainan, Taiwan in 1958 and operated Martin TM-61 Matador missiles there until again inactivating in 1962.

BGM-109G Gryphon
The BGM-109G Gryphon ground-launched cruise missile, or GLCM, was a ground-launched variant of the Tomahawk cruise missile developed by the United States Air Force in the last decade of the Cold War and disarmed under the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty.
Palazzina Vincenti
Palazzina Vincenti is a residential building overlooking Balluta Bay in St Julian's, Malta. It was built in 1948 by architect Gustavo R. Vincenti as his own residence, and it is considered to be one of the best examples of Modernist architecture in its country. As of 2021, it is currently proposed that the building be demolished and replaced by a hotel. It has now been decided by the Planning Dept that it will be restored. (Ref Maltese news 21 Apr 2023)

Balluta Bay
Balluta Bay (Maltese: Bajja tal-Balluta, lit. ''Oak tree Bay'), is a bay on the northeast coast of Malta within St. Julian's. It is a popular recreation spot used for swimming, diving, and water sports, with a triangular pjazza surrounded by cafés and shaded by Judas trees. Its skyline is dominated by the neo-gothic Carmelite Parish Church and the Art Nouveau Balluta Buildings, which are apartment buildings on the eastern shore, as well as a cluster of terraced townhouses in the local variant of Georgian-style architecture. The south shore of Balluta Bay features Le Méridien St. Julian's Hotel, built on the grounds surrounding the 18th-century Villa Cassar Torregiani.

In 2024 the bay was closed from May to August due to contamination from sewage seepage.
H. G. Wells' The Shape of Things to Come
H. G. Wells' The Shape of Things to Come is a 1979 Canadian science fiction film directed by George McCowan, and starring Jack Palance, Barry Morse, Nicholas Campbell, Eddie Benton, Carol Lynley and John Ireland.

Although credited as an adaptation of H. G. Wells' novel of the same name, the film takes only its title and some character names from the 1933 novel. The film's plot has no relationship to the events of the book. The book and its 1936 film adaptation Things to Come predict events such as a Second World War and the collapse of social order until a world state is formed, whereas the 1979 film involves a high-tech future involving robots and spaceships.

The film was an attempt to capitalize on the popularity of such recent successes as Star Wars, and TV series such as Space: 1999 (also starring Morse), Battlestar Galactica, and Star Trek,  although the film had only a fraction of the production budgets of any of these.

Anne-Marie Martin
Anne-Marie Martin (born Edmonda Benton; November 11, 1957) is a Canadian screenwriter, equestrian, and former actress who is best known for playing Sgt. Dori Doreau in the American television comedy series Sledge Hammer! from 1986 to 1988, as well as her roles in several horror films, such as Prom Night (1980) and The Boogens (1981).
ISMETT
ISMETT, in Italian, Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione translated as the Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies, is a center for organ transplantation located in Palermo, Italy. ISMETT was founded in 1997 as a partnership between the Region of Sicily, the Civico and Cervello hospitals in Palermo, and the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC).

ISMETT primarily specializes in performing all types of organ transplantations, using both deceased and living donor techniques. ISMETT has 70 beds (14 ICU, 21 in semi-intensive, and 35 inpatient), 7 outpatient beds, 4 operating rooms, a hospital pharmacy and laboratory analysis, infectious diseases and pathology in a facility that covers an area of  130,000-square-foot (12,000 m2).

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
UPMC is an American integrated global nonprofit health enterprise that has 100,000 employees, 40 hospitals with more than 8,000 licensed beds, 800 clinical locations including outpatient sites and doctors' offices, a 3.8 million-member health insurance division, as well as commercial and international ventures. It is closely affiliated with its academic partner, the University of Pittsburgh.  It is considered a leading American health care provider, as its flagship facilities have ranked in U.S. News & World Report "Honor Roll" of the approximately 15 to 20 best hospitals in the U.S. for over 15 years.

As of 2016, its flagship hospital UPMC Presbyterian was ranked 12th nationally among the best hospitals (and first in Pennsylvania) by U.S. News & World Report and ranked in 15 of 16 specialty areas when including UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital. This does not include UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh which ranked in the top 10 of pediatric centers in a separate US News ranking.
Reykjavík Mosque
The Reykjavík Mosque (Icelandic: Moskan í Reykjavík) is a mosque and community space for Muslims, located in the Ármúli district of Reykjavík, Iceland. The mosque was opened in 2002 by the Muslim Association of Iceland after requesting the city government for permission to build a purpose-built mosque in 2000.

Islam in Iceland
Islam in Iceland is a minority religion. The Pew Research Center estimated that the number of Muslims in Iceland was below its 10,000 minimum threshold, and official statistics put the figure at under 1,300, or 0.33% out of the total population of 385,230.

In 2011, Icelandic Muslims attracted the interest of Al Jazeera; the channel planned a documentary dealing with Muslims in Iceland and New Zealand. Al Jazeera was interested in how Ramadan is honored in the higher latitudes where the night without sun and the sun is 24/7 can be of unusual length when compared to the majority-Muslim lands.
Mike Pellicciotti
Michael John Pellicciotti (born July 17, 1978) is an American attorney and politician who has served as the 24th Washington State Treasurer since 2021. He previously served as a Democratic member of the Washington House of Representatives for the 30th legislative district, which includes Federal Way, Algona, Auburn, Pacific, Milton, and Des Moines from 2017 to 2021.

Washington State Treasurer
The Washington state treasurer is an elected constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Washington. Twenty-two individuals have held the office since statehood. The incumbent is Mike Pellicciotti, a Democrat who began his term in January 2021. The treasurer's office is located in the Washington State Capitol.
Can Cuiàs (Barcelona Metro)
Can Cuiàs is a station on Line 11 of the Barcelona Metro. It is located at the northern edge of the Nou Barris district of Barcelona, within the municipality of Montcada i Reixac. Opened along the rest of the line in 2003, it serves as the western terminus of Line 11. It is currently the only Barcelona Metro station in Montcada i Reixac.

Barcelona Metro line 11
Barcelona Metro line 11 is a light metro line of the Barcelona Metro.

One of the newer lines on the network, Line 11 is operated by TMB and part of the ATM fare-integrated transport network in Barcelona. The 2.1 km line is automated, with platform screen doors and short, 2 car trains. With only 5 stations, Line 11 connects the terminus of Line 3 and Line 4 at Trinitat Nova to Can Cuiàs in Montcada i Reixac.
2019 renaming of South African National Defence Force reserve units
In 2019 the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) renamed 52 of its 66 army's Reserve Force units.  The changes were made to include more indigenous African references in the unit names, which had previously had a colonial and apartheid-era influence.  The SANDF's Name Review Steering Committee led the process in consultation with the units, past members and communities.  Name suggestions came from the units, with the army's director of reserves, Brigadier General Gerhard Kamffer providing a list of suggestions.  Of the renamed units 26 took names relating to indigenous African military history and 25 took names relating to the apartheid and colonial era.  Units were initially given three years to transition their insignia to the new names; this was later extended to the end of April 2023. One unit scheduled to change its name, the Cape Town Highlanders, is thought to have been granted permission to abandon the move in 2022.

South African National Defence Force
The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) comprises the armed forces of South Africa. The Chief of the SANDF is appointed by the President of South Africa from one of the armed services. They are in turn accountable to the Minister of Defence and Military Veterans of the Defence Department.

The military as it exists today was created in 1994, following South Africa's first nonracial election in April of that year and the adoption of a new constitution. It replaced the South African Defence Force and also integrated uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK), and the Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) guerilla forces.
Tori Gurley
Tori Gurley (born Norristorius Gurley on November 22, 1987) is an American former professional football wide receiver. He played college football at South Carolina, where he helped lead the Gamecocks to their first SEC East title and first SEC championship game appearance in 2010.

He is from Rock Hill, South Carolina and attended Rock Hill High School where he led the Bearcats to state championships in football and basketball as a senior. Through 2010 and 12 games, Gurley's career statistics at South Carolina were 824 receiving yards  with 6 touchdowns and 70 receptions.  In Gurley's last season for the Gamecocks he set a school record for having no dropped passes during the 2010 season.

Rock Hill High School (South Carolina)
Rock Hill High School (RHHS) is the first of the three high schools in Rock Hill, South Carolina. A part of Rock Hill Schools, it offers the International Baccalaureate diploma to its senior class students, as well as dual credit and Advanced Placement. As of February 2016, RHHS has approximately 2,000 students in grades 9–12.
Vaillancourt Folk Art
Vaillancourt Folk Art (VFA) is a brand and fine art studio recognized for its manufacturing and wholesaling of Christmas collectibes and operations of a retail gallery located in Sutton, Massachusetts. Co-founder Judi Vaillancourt is credited with having developed the process used to create the first contemporary use of chalkware, using a plaster-like substance with confectionery moulds. Vaillancourt Folk Art has over 3,000 antique moulds that date back as early as 1850.

The company was initially created as a store that sold holiday and folk art items and operated as Vaillancourt Folk Art & Friends. In 2007, following a relocation, the name was shortened to Vaillancourt Folk Art, and the company re-focused on their branded chalkware and ornament collections. The VFA lines have since been carried in stores within major cities across the United States, Canada, and Europe.

Sutton, Massachusetts
Sutton, officially the Town of Sutton, is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 9,357 in the 2020 United States census. Located in the Blackstone Valley, the town was designated as a Preserve America community in 2004.
Vasily Perov
Vasily Grigorevich Perov (Russian: Василий Григорьевич Перов; 2 January 1834 [O.S. 21 December 1833] – 10 June [O.S. 29 May] 1882) was a Russian painter, a key figure of the Russian Realist movement and one of the founding members of Peredvizhniki.

Peredvizhniki
Peredvizhniki (Russian: передви́жники, IPA: [pɪrɪˈdviʐnɪkɪ]), often called The Wanderers or The Itinerants in English, were a group of Russian realist artists who formed an artists' cooperative in protest of academic restrictions; it evolved into the Society for Travelling Art Exhibitions, in short Peredvizhniks, in 1870.
Kate O'Regan
Catherine "Kate" O'Regan (born 17 September 1957) is a former judge of the Constitutional Court of South Africa. From 2013 to 2014 she was a commissioner of the Khayelitsha Commission and is now the inaugural director of the Bonavero Institute of Human Rights at the University of Oxford.

Albie Sachs
Albert Louis Sachs OLS (born 30 January 1935), known as Albie Sachs, is a South African lawyer, activist, writer, and former judge appointed to the first Constitutional Court of South Africa by Nelson Mandela.
Substructural logic
In logic, a substructural logic is a logic lacking one of the usual structural rules (e.g. of classical and intuitionistic logic), such as weakening, contraction, exchange or associativity.  Two of the more significant substructural logics are relevance logic and linear logic.

Monotonicity of entailment
Monotonicity of entailment is a property of many logical systems such that if a sentence follows deductively from a given set of sentences then it also follows deductively from any superset of those sentences. A corollary is that if a given argument is deductively  valid, it cannot become invalid by the addition of extra premises.

Logical systems with this property are called monotonic logics in order to differentiate them from non-monotonic logics. Classical logic and intuitionistic logic are examples of monotonic logics.
Sammakka Sagar Barrage
Sammakka Sagar Barrage (or Thupakulagudem Barrage) is a barrage across Godavari River at Thupakulagudem Village, Eturnagaram Mandal, Mulugu District of Telangana State. It stabilizes the existing irrigated area of 2,51,310 Hectare under J. Chokka Rao Devadula Lift Irrigation Scheme and 3,04,000 hectares of Sriram Sagar Project stages I & II with 50 TMC of water. Another 50 TMC will be used for providing drinking water to villages en route.

Sammakka Sagar Hydro Electric Project has been planned for generation of 240MW (10 units of 24MW) through run-of-the-river generation. This hydro electric project is expected to be completed by Telangana Power Generation Corporation (TGGENCO).

J. Chokka Rao Devadula Lift Irrigation Scheme
The J. Chokka Rao Devadula lift irrigation scheme is a lift irrigation scheme in India. It is the second biggest of its kind in Asia. Devadula is the place in Mulugu_district, Telangana,  where the scheme's intake well is located. The foundation stone for this scheme was laid by the Chief Minister of Combined State Shri. Nara Chandra Babu Naidu in the year 2001.
Sarandoy
The Sarandoy (Pashto: څارندوی, lit. 'Defenders of the Revolution'; also spelled Tsarandoi from Russian: Царандой) were the gendarmerie force of the Soviet-backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan under the Ministry of Interior from 1978 to 1992, during the Soviet–Afghan War.

Ministry of Interior Affairs (Afghanistan)
The Ministry of Interior Affairs (Dari: وزارت امور داخله افغانستان, Pashto: د افغانستان د کورنیو چارو وزارت) is the cabinet ministry of Afghanistan responsible for law enforcement, civil order and fighting crime. The ministry's headquarters is located in Kabul.

The current minister of Interior Affairs is Sirajuddin Haqqani, who is also the first deputy leader of Afghanistan and the leader of the Haqqani network.
Earl of Morton
The title Earl of Morton was created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1458 for James Douglas of Dalkeith. Along with it, the title Lord Aberdour was granted. This latter title is the courtesy title for the eldest son and heir to the Earl of Morton.

The family seat is Dalmahoy Farms, Morton near Kirknewton, West Lothian.

James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton
James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton (c. 1516 – 2 June 1581) was a Scottish nobleman. He played a leading role in the murders of Queen Mary's confidant, David Rizzio, and king consort Henry Darnley. He was the last of the four regents of Scotland during the minority of James VI. He was in some ways the most successful of the four since he won the civil war that had been dragging on with the supporters of the exiled Mary, Queen of Scots. However, he came to an unfortunate end, executed by means of the Maiden, a predecessor of the guillotine.
Tourism in Karnataka
.

Karnataka, the sixth largest state in India, was ranked as the third most popular state in the country for tourism in 2014.
 It is home to 507 of the 3600 centrally protected monuments in India, second only to Uttar Pradesh. The State Directorate of Archaeology and Museums protects an additional 752 monuments and another 25,000 monuments are yet to receive protection.

The ancient sculptured temples, modern cities, hill ranges, forests and beaches are some tourism centers. Broadly, tourism in Karnataka is divided into four geographical regions: North Karnataka, the Hill Stations, Coastal Karnataka and South Karnataka.

The Karnataka government has introduced The Golden Chariot – a train which connects popular tourist destinations in the state and Goa.

The Karnataka State Tourism Development Corporation is the governmental body that works to promote tourism in Karnataka.

Golden Chariot
The Golden Chariot is a luxury tourist train that connects the important tourist spots in the Indian states of Karnataka, Goa, Kerala & Tamil Nadu as well as Puducherry, depending on the selected itinerary. The train is operated by the Karnataka State Tourism Development Corporation and The Maple Group handles the hospitality services on the train.

It is named after the Stone Chariot in the Vitthala Temple at Hampi. The train has 19 coaches which  are coloured purple and gold, and reflect the logo of a mythological animal with the head of an elephant and a body of a lion. The Golden Chariot had its maiden commercial run on 10 March 2008, and generally runs weekly during the months of October–March, departing on Sundays during the 2022-23 season.  The train is designed on the lines of the more popular Indian luxury train Palace on Wheels.

All journeys offered by the train originate and end at Bengaluru.
Governor of Oregon
The governor of Oregon is the head of government of Oregon and serves as the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The title of governor was also applied to the office of Oregon's chief executive during the provisional and U.S. territorial governments.

The current governor of Oregon is Tina Kotek, who took office on January 9, 2023. The governor's salary as of 2018 is $98,600.

Oregon Military Department
The Oregon Military Department is an agency of the government of the U.S. state of Oregon, which oversees the armed forces of the state of Oregon.  Under the authority and direction of the governor as commander-in-chief, the agency is responsible for planning, establishing, and enforcing rules and procedures governing the administration, supply, and training of the Oregon National Guard (consisting of the Oregon Army National Guard and the Oregon Air National Guard), when not in the active service of the United States. The Department also maintains all state-owned or leased military facilities, including posts, camps, military reservations, and rifle ranges.
Toronto streetcar system
The Toronto streetcar system is a network of eleven streetcar routes in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). It is the third busiest light-rail system in North America. The network is concentrated primarily in Downtown Toronto and in proximity to the city's waterfront. Much of the streetcar route network dates from the second half of the 19th century. Three streetcar routes operate in their own right-of-way, one in a partial right-of-way, and six operate on street trackage shared with vehicular traffic with streetcars stopping on demand at frequent stops like buses. Since 2020, the network has operated using only low-floor streetcars, making it fully accessible.

Toronto's streetcars provide most of the downtown core's surface transit service. Four of the TTC's five most heavily used surface routes are streetcar routes. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 79,295,000, or about 223,700 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

Toronto and York Radial Railway
The Toronto and York Radial Railway was a transit operator providing services to the suburbs of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was a subsidiary of the Toronto Railway Company. The company was created by merging four Toronto-area interurban operations. The company was part of the empire of railway entrepreneurs Sir William Mackenzie and Donald Mann which included the Canadian Northern Railway and the parent Toronto Railway Company. The line was abandoned by the TTC in 1948.