hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jack Northrop
John Knudsen Northrop (November 10, 1895 – February 18, 1981) was an American aircraft industrialist and designer who founded the Northrop Corporation in 1939.

His career began in 1916 as a draftsman for Loughead Aircraft Manufacturing Company (founded 1912). He joined the Douglas Aircraft Company in 1923 and worked on the Douglas World Cruiser, where in time he became a project engineer. In 1927 he joined the Lockheed Corporation, where he was a chief engineer on the Lockheed Vega transport. He left in 1929 to found Avion Corporation, which he sold in 1930. Two years later, he founded the Northrop Corporation. This firm became a subsidiary of Douglas Aircraft in 1939, so he co-founded a second company named Northrop.

Douglas World Cruiser
The Douglas World Cruiser (DWC) was developed to meet a requirement from the United States Army Air Service for an aircraft suitable for an attempt at the first flight around the world. The Douglas Aircraft Company responded with a modified variant of their DT torpedo bomber, the DWC.

Five aircraft were ordered for the round-the-world flight: one for testing and training and four for the actual expedition. The success of the World Cruiser bolstered the international reputation of the Douglas Aircraft Company. The design of the DWC was later modified to create the O-5 observation aircraft, which was operated by the Army Air Service.
Philip Sidney, 3rd Earl of Leicester
Philip Sidney, 3rd Earl of Leicester (10 January 1619 – 6 March 1698) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1640 and 1659 and became Earl of Leicester in 1677. He supported the Parliamentarian cause in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, when he was known as Viscount Lisle, a subsidiary title of the Earls of Leicester.

Earl of Leicester
Earl of Leicester is a title that has been created seven times. The first title was granted during the 12th century in the Peerage of England. The current title is in the Peerage of the United Kingdom and was created in 1837.
Blockchain game
Video games can include elements that use blockchain technologies, including cryptocurrencies and non-fungible tokens (NFTs), often as a form of monetization. These elements typically allow players to trade in-game items for cryptocurrency, or represent in-game items with NFTs. Blockchain games have existed since 2017, gaining wider attention from the video game industry in 2021, when several AAA publishers expressed an intent to include this technology in the future. Players, developers, and game companies have criticized the use of blockchain technology in video games for being exploitative, environmentally unsustainable, and unnecessary.

A subset of these games are also known as play-to-earn games because they include systems that allow players to earn cryptocurrency through gameplay.

Video game monetization
Video game monetization is a type of process that a video game publisher can use to generate revenue from a video game product. The methods of monetization may vary between games, especially when they come from different genres or platforms, but they all serve the same purpose to return money to the game developers, copyright owners, and other stakeholders. As the monetization methods continue to diversify, they also affect the game design in a way that sometimes leads to criticism.
Horry County, South Carolina
Horry County (/ˈɒriː/ OR-ree, silent "h" like its namesake Peter Horry) is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 351,029. It is the fourth-most populous county in South Carolina. The county seat is Conway. Horry County is the central county in the Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Pee Dee region of South Carolina, about 90 miles (140 km) north of Charleston, and about 130 miles (210 km) east of the state capital, Columbia.

Conway, South Carolina
Conway is a city in and the county seat of Horry County, South Carolina, United States.  The population was 24,849 at the 2020 census, up from 17,103 in the 2010 census, making it the 18th-most populous city in the state. The city is part of the Myrtle Beach Metro Area. It is the home of Coastal Carolina University.

Numerous buildings and structures located in Conway are on the National Register of Historic Places. Among these is the City Hall building, designed by Robert Mills, architect of the Washington Monument. Since the completion of the Main Street USA project in the 1980s, Conway's downtown has been revitalized with shops and bistros. Highlighting the renovation of the downtown area is the Riverwalk, an area of restaurants which follows a stretch of the Waccamaw River that winds through Conway.
Paiwan people
The Paiwan (Paiwan: Kacalisian; Chinese: 排灣; pinyin: Páiwān) are an indigenous people of Taiwan. They speak the Paiwan language. In 2014, the Paiwan numbered 96,334. This was approximately 17.8% of Taiwan's total indigenous population, making them the second-largest indigenous group.

The majority of Paiwan people live in the southern chain of the Central Mountain Range, from Damumu Mountain and the upper Wuluo River in the north of the southern chain to the Hengchun Peninsula in the south of it, and also in the hills and coastal plains of southeastern Taiwan. There are two subgroups under the Paiwan people: the Ravar and the Vuculj.

The unique ceremonies in Paiwan are Masalut and Maljeveq. The Masalut is a ceremony that celebrates the harvest of rice, whereas the Maljeveq commemorates their ancestors or gods.

Paiwan language
Paiwan (Paiwan: Vinuculjan, [vinutsuʎan]) is a native language of southern Taiwan. It is spoken as a first language by the ethnic Paiwan, a Taiwanese indigenous people, and historically as a second language by most people in southern Taiwan. Paiwan is a Formosan language of the Austronesian language family. It is also one of the national languages of Taiwan.
Firas Abou Fakher
Firas Abou Fakher (Arabic: فراس أبو فخر) is a Lebanese BAFTA-winning composer, musician, producer and writer. He is best known as a composer, guitarist, and keyboardist with indie rock band Mashrou' Leila and the co-founder of Last Floor Productions.

Mashrou' Leila
Mashrou' Leila (Arabic: مشروع ليلى, romanized: Mashrūʿ Laylā, Lebanese Arabic pronunciation: [maʃˈruːʕ ˈlajla]), sometimes transliterated in Arabizi as Mashrou3 Leila or translated as "Leila's Project", was a four-member indie rock band from Beirut, Lebanon. It was formed in 2008 as a music workshop at the American University of Beirut, and released four studio albums: Mashrou' Leila (2009), Raasük (2013), Ibn El Leil (2015) and The Beirut School (2019), as well as an EP, El Hal Romancy (2011). The band attracted controversy due to their satirical lyrics and themes. The band disbanded in 2022, due to harassment and hate campaigns.
Prem Nath Dogra
Prem Nath Dogra (24 October 1884 – 21 March 1972) was a politician from Jammu and Kashmir who worked against the autonomous status granted to the state in Article 370 of the Indian constitution. In 1947, he was instrumental in forming the Jammu Praja Parishad party along with Balraj Madhok, which served as a local political arm of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a right-wing Hindutva paramilitary organisation. Dogra was later elected as the president of Bharatiya Jana Sangh in 1955 for a brief period.

Jammu Praja Parishad
The Jammu Praja Parishad (officially: All Jammu and Kashmir Praja Parishad) was a political party active in the Jammu Division of the Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. It was founded in November 1947 by the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh activist Balraj Madhok, and served as the main opposition party in the state. It maintained close ties with Bharatiya Jana Sangh throughout its existence, and finally merged into the latter in 1963. Its main activity was to campaign for the close integration of Jammu and Kashmir with India and oppose the special status granted to the state under the Article 370 of the Indian constitution. After its merger with the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, the precursor of the present day Bharatiya Janata Party, the party gradually rose in stature. As an integral part of the Bharatiya Janata Party, it was a partner in the ruling coalition led by the People's Democratic Party.
Archdiocese of Wellington
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wellington is the metropolitan archdiocese of New Zealand. Catholics number about 83,214 (2006 census). Parishes number 22 and the archdiocese extends over central New Zealand between Levin and Masterton in the north to Kaikoura to Westport in the south.

The suffragan sees are:

Auckland

Christchurch

Dunedin

Hamilton, New Zealand

Palmerston North

Diocese of Auckland (Catholic)
The Diocese of Auckland is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in New Zealand. It was one of two dioceses in the country that were established on 20 June 1848. Auckland became a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Wellington in 1887. A large area of the diocese south of Auckland was split from the diocese on 6 March 1980 to form the Diocese of Hamilton. As of 2021, almost 40 per cent of New Zealand’s 471,000 Catholics lived within the diocese of Auckland.
Greg Hancock
Gregory Alan Hancock (born June 3, 1970, in Whittier, California) is a former professional motorcycle speedway rider from the United States. As of 2023, he was one of only six riders to have won the individual World Championship four or more times.

In addition to his four Speedway World Championships he won the Speedway World Team Cup with the USA speedway team on three occasions and earned 39 caps for the United States national speedway team. Hancock appeared in all but one of the Grand Prix series, since its creation in 1995 until 2019.

Speedway World Championship
The World Championship of Speedway is an international competition between the highest-ranked motorcycle speedway riders of the world, run under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM). The first official championships were held in 1936.

Today, the championship is organised as a series of Speedway Grand Prix events, where points are awarded according to performance in the event and tallied up at the end of each season. However, up to 1994, it was usually run as a single-night event after qualifying rounds during the season, leading up to a final consisting of 20 heats, where points were awarded according to riders' heat placings and then tallied up at the end.

Before the World Championship received its formal recognition from the ACU and the FIM in 1936, other unofficial Speedway World Championships were staged between 1931 and 1935, in Europe, South America and Australasia, such as the Star Riders' Championship.
North Shore, Virginia
North Shore is a census-designated place (CDP) in Franklin County, Virginia, United States. The community lies along State Route 616. It is part of the Roanoke metropolitan area.

Westlake Corner borders the community to the north and northwest.

Westlake Corner, Virginia
Westlake Corner is a census-designated place in Franklin County, Virginia, United States. The population was 1,553 at the 2020 census up from 976 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Roanoke metropolitan area.
Qalaqayın
Qalaqayın, also known as Galagain or Kalagayny, is a village and the most populous municipality, except for the capital Sabirabad, in the Sabirabad Rayon of Azerbaijan.  It has a population of 7,658.

It was home to the fortress of the historic Javad Khanate and the center of the Mughan district.

Sabirabad (city)
Sabirabad (also, Galagayin, Petropavlovka, and Petropavlovskoye) is the capital city of the Sabirabad District of Azerbaijan. The city was renamed in honor of the poet Mirza Alakbar Sabir. Sabirabad is the administrative center of Sabirabad District of the Republic of Azerbaijan. In 1935, the district received the status of subordinate city. Sabirabad is located on the right bank of the Kura River. In the vicinity of the city of Sugovushan, the Araz River is merged with the Kur River.
Catherine West
Catherine Elizabeth West (born 14 September 1966) is an Australian-born British politician who has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Hornsey and Friern Barnet, previously Hornsey and Wood Green, since 2015. A member of the Labour Party, she served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Indo-Pacific from 2024 to 2025.

Hornsey and Wood Green
Hornsey and Wood Green was a constituency in Greater London created in 1983 and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 2015 until its abolition for the 2024 general election by Catherine West, of the Labour Party.

Under the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies, the majority of the constituency was incorporated into the newly created seat of Hornsey and Friern Barnet, with the district of Wood Green to be included in the new Southgate and Wood Green constituency, and Highgate ward in the re-established seat of Hampstead and Highgate.
Robert P. George
Robert Peter George (born July 10, 1955) is an American legal scholar, political philosopher, and public intellectual who is the sixth McCormick Professor of Jurisprudence and director of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. He lectures on constitutional interpretation, civil liberties, philosophy of law, and political philosophy.

George co-founded the Witherspoon Institute, where he is the Herbert W. Vaughan senior fellow. He is also a senior fellow of the American Enterprise Institute, and is the Ronald Reagan Honorary Distinguished Professor of Public Policy and Nootbaar Honorary Distinguished Professor of Law at Pepperdine University. He has been a visiting professor at Harvard Law School.

American Enterprise Institute
The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, known simply as the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), is a center-right think tank based in Washington, D.C., that researches government, politics, economics, and social welfare. AEI is an independent nonprofit organization supported primarily by contributions from foundations, corporations, and individuals.

Founded in 1938, the organization is aligned with conservatism. AEI advocates in favor of private enterprise, limited government, and democratic capitalism. It is governed by a 29-member Board of Trustees. Approximately 185 authors are associated with AEI. Arthur C. Brooks served as president of AEI from January 2009 through July 1, 2019. He was succeeded by Robert Doar.
Waterfall, KwaZulu-Natal
Waterfall is a small town that lies north-east of Hillcrest in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Although Waterfall is officially regarded as a separate suburb from Hillcrest, it is often locally regarded as something of an extension of Hillcrest.

Hillcrest, KwaZulu-Natal
Hillcrest is a town in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Forming part of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, Hillcrest is situated approximately 32 km (20 mi) north-west of Durban, and 53 km (33 mi) south-east of Pietermaritzburg.
Southwark St Margaret
St Margaret was a parish in the ancient borough of Southwark, located south of the River Thames in the Brixton Hundred of Surrey. It was abolished in 1541 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries and replaced with the parish of St Saviour. The parish church was located on what is now Borough High Street and the area now forms part of the London Borough of Southwark. It was from 1444 governed by the Guild of the Assumption of St Margaret's Church.

Southwark St Saviour
Southwark St Saviour (/ˈsʌðərk/ ⓘ SUDH-ərk)  was a civil parish in the metropolitan area of London, England, and part of the ancient Borough of Southwark. It was formed in 1541 from the union of the parishes of St Margaret and St Mary. It was abolished in 1930, however residents of the former parish receive a rebate against local taxation because of the presence of Borough Market. It included the Liberty of the Clink which was a special jurisdiction until 1889.
7-Zip
7-Zip is a free and open-source file archiver, a utility used to place groups of files within compressed containers known as "archives". It is developed by Igor Pavlov and was first released in 1999. 7-Zip has its own archive format called 7z introduced in 2001, but can read and write several others.

The program can be used from a Windows graphical user interface that also features shell integration, or from a command-line interface as the command 7z that offers cross-platform support (see versions for details). An obsolete port of 7-Zip to POSIX systems was called p7zip. Most of the 7-Zip source code is under the LGPL-2.1-or-later license; the unRAR code, however, is under the LGPL-2.1-or-later license with an "unRAR restriction", which states that developers are not permitted to use the code to reverse-engineer the RAR compression algorithm.

Since version 21.01 alpha, Linux support has been added to the 7zip project.

RAR (file format)
RAR is a proprietary archive file format that supports data compression, error correction and file spanning. It was developed in 1993 by Russian software engineer Eugene Roshal and the software is licensed by win.rar GmbH. The name RAR stands for Roshal Archive.
Pedro Calomino
Bleo Pedro Fournol, mostly known as Pedro Calomino (also nicknamed Calumín)  (13 March 1892 – 12 January 1950) was an Argentine footballer who played as right winger. Calomino spent nearly all of his career in Boca Juniors, having also played 37 games for the Argentina national team where he scored 5 goals. It is claimed that Calomino invented the step over move

Calomino is also regarded to be the first idol of Boca Juniors –where he won 9 titles– and one of the best right wingers of Argentina. With Argentina he won the 1921 South American Championship, the first official title for the national team. He is also the earliest known player to use the classic skill move - the stepover.

1921 South American Championship
The 1921 South American Championship was the fifth continental championship for nations in South America. It was held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from 2 to 30 October 1921.

The participating countries were Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay (which debuted in this edition) and Uruguay. Chile was also invited but withdrew before the draw due to internal dissent, and an invitation was sent to Argentine dissident Asociación Amateurs de Football that originated a conflict with the Argentine Football Association (the official local governing body and organiser of the competition).

Argentina won the tournament, being also its first official title, after several friendly competitions won such as Copa Lipton or Copa Newton.
Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di
Sheikh Abdul Rahman bin Nasser Al-Saadi (Arabic: الشيخ عبد الرحمن بن ناصر السعدي), also known as al-Siʿdī (1889–1957), was an Islamic Scholar from Saudi Arabia. He was a teacher and an author in Unaizah, Saudi Arabia. He authored more than 40 books in several different fields including tafsir, fiqh, and 'aqidah. al-Sa'di was an influential figure in the field of tafsir and his book of tafsir entitled Taysir al-Kareem al-Rahman has been described as arguably one of the most popular tafsirs written by modern Salafi scholars. He served as the Imam and Khatib for the largest jami' mosque and director of the religious training school, al-Ma'had al-'Ilmi, of Unayzah.

Al-Uthaymin
Muhammad ibn Salih al-Uthaymin (Arabic: محمد بن صالح العثيمين, romanized: Muḥammad bin Ṣāliḥ al-'Uthaymīn; 9 March 1929 – 10 January 2001), commonly known by his laqab Ibn Uthaymin (Arabic: العثيمين, romanized: ʿUthaymīn), was a Saudi Islamic scholar.
Funiculars of Lyon
The Funiculars of Lyon (Funiculaires de Lyon) is a network of funicular railways in Lyon, France. Of the five lines once in existence, only the two routes on the Fourvière hill remain in operation, with the rest of the network now either closed, converted to road vehicle use, or integrated within the Lyon underground system.

Lyon Metro
The Lyon Metro (French: Métro de Lyon, [metʁo d(ə) ljɔ̃]) is a rapid transit system serving Lyon Metropolis, France. First opened in 1974, it currently consists of four lines, serving 42 stations and comprising 34.4 kilometres (21.4 mi) of route. Part of the Transports en Commun Lyonnais (TCL) system of public transport, it is supported by two funiculars and a tramway network.

Unlike other French metro systems, but like RER and other SNCF services, Lyon Metro trains run on the left. This is the result of an unrealised project to run the metro into the suburbs on existing railway lines. The loading gauge for all lines is 2.90 m (9 ft 6.2 in), more generous than the average for metros in Europe. The Lyon Metro has rubber-wheel cars.

In 2025, the daily average ridership on the metro was 810,000.
Buchstab function
The Buchstab function (or Buchstab's function) is the unique continuous function  defined by the delay differential equation

In the second equation, the derivative at u = 2 should be taken as u approaches 2 from the right. It is named after Alexander Buchstab, who wrote about it in 1937.

Alexander Buchstab
Aleksandr Adol'fovich Buchstab (October 4, 1905 – February 27, 1990; Russian: Александр Адольфович Бухштаб, variously transliterated as Bukhstab, Buhštab, or Bukhshtab) was a Soviet mathematician who worked in number theory and was "known for his work in sieve methods". He is the namesake of the Buchstab function, which he wrote about in 1937.
Jason Loewenstein
Jason Loewenstein (born July 20, 1971) is an American alternative rock singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, producer, and a member of the indie-rock bands Sebadoh, The Fiery Furnaces, and Circle of Buzzards. He grew up in Northampton, Massachusetts, where he attended Northampton High School, and now resides in Brooklyn, New York.

The Fiery Furnaces
The Fiery Furnaces are an American indie rock band, formed in 2000 in Brooklyn, New York. The band's primary members are Matthew and Eleanor Friedberger. The siblings are originally from Oak Park, Illinois, a near-western suburb of Chicago. They are known for their ambitious, highly conceptual releases, which have frequently divided critical opinion.

In May 2011, the band entered a nine-year hiatus, with both Matthew and Eleanor pursuing solo careers. In February 2020, it was announced that The Fiery Furnaces would reunite to play at the Pitchfork Music Festival in Chicago. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic the event was canceled. It was later revealed that the band signed to Jack White's Third Man Records label.
Sky Bow IV
Tien Kung IV, or Sky Bow IV, is a air defense system currently being designed and trialed by the National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST) in Taiwan. Development codename is Strong Bow. Its canister is 7.61 meters long, longer than the 5.49 meter of the Sky Bow III system currently in service. Its ceiling and range are greater than the ones of Sky Bow and MIM-104 Patriot.

Sky Bow
The Sky Bow, or Tien Kung (Chinese: 天弓; pinyin: Tiān gōng), are a series of surface-to-air anti-ballistic missile and anti-aircraft defense systems developed by Taiwan's National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST). Development of the TK-1 was completed in 1986 and this system is now retired. The TK-2 and TK-3 are in service with the Military of the Republic of China. TK-4 is in development.