hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Budapest Trophy
The Budapest Trophy is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Hungarian National Skating Federation (Hungarian: Magyar Országos Korcsolyázó Szövetség) at the Vasas Jégcentrum in Budapest, Hungary. The competition debuted in 2020 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The Budapest Trophy has been an Challenger Series event four times during its history as of 2025. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance; and when the event is part of the Challenger Series, skaters earn ISU World Standing points based on their results.

ISU Challenger Series
The ISU Challenger Series is a series of ten international figure skating competitions sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU) and organized by ISU member nations. The series was introduced in 2014; its stated goal is to provide consistent organization and structure within a series of international competitions, as well as opportunities for senior-level skaters to compete at the international level while also earning World Standing points. The Nebelhorn Trophy, the Nepela Memorial, and the Golden Spin of Zagreb have been regular competitions in the series since the beginning, as was the Finlandia Trophy until 2024. Skaters and teams are eligible to compete in up to three Challenger Series events each season, and their top two scores are combined to calculate their total Challenger Series scores.
Jus ad bellum
Jus ad bellum (/juːs/ YOOS or /dʒʌs/), literally "right to war" in Latin, refers to "the conditions under which States may resort to war or to the use of armed force in general". Jus ad bellum is one pillar of just war theory. Just war theory states that war should only be condoned under 'just' conditions. Jus ad bellum simply limits the causes for which war can be considered justifiable. The other parts of just war theory include jus in bello (just actions in war) and jus post bellum (justice after war).

Jus post bellum
Jus post bellum (/juːs/ YOOS; Latin for "Justice after war") is a concept that deals with the morality of the termination phase of war, including the responsibility to rebuild. The idea has some historical pedigree as a concept in just war theory.  In modern times, it has been developed by a number of just war theorists and international lawyers.  However, the concept means different things to the contributors in each field. For lawyers, the concept is much less clearly defined, and many have rejected the usefulness of the concept altogether. The concept continues to attract scholarly interest in the field of international humanitarian law. A famous example of Jus post bellum is the reconstruction of Germany by the Allies post World War 2.
Mills & Boon
Mills & Boon is a romance imprint of British publisher Harlequin UK Ltd. It was founded in 1908 by Gerald Rusgrove Mills and Charles Boon as a general publisher. The company moved towards escapist fiction for women in the 1930s. In 1971, the publisher was bought by the Canadian company Harlequin Enterprises, its North American distributor based in Toronto, with whom it had a long informal partnership. The two companies offer a number of imprints that between them account for almost three-quarters of the romance paperbacks published in Britain. Its print books are presently out-numbered and out-sold by the company's e-books, which allowed the publisher to double its output.

Modern Mills & Boon novels, over 100 of which are released each month, cover a wide range of possible romantic subgenres, varying in explicitness, setting and style, although retaining a comforting familiarity that meets reader expectations.

Harlequin Enterprises
Harlequin Enterprises ULC (known simply as Harlequin) is a publisher of romance, women's fiction and various other genres under multiple publishing imprints.  Founded in Winnipeg, Canada, in 1949, from the 1960s, it grew into the largest publisher of romance fiction in the world.

Based in Toronto since 1969, Harlequin was owned by the Torstar Corporation, the largest newspaper publisher in Canada, from 1981 to 2014. It was then purchased by News Corp and is now a division of HarperCollins. In 1971, Harlequin purchased the London-based publisher Mills & Boon Limited and began a global expansion program opening offices in Australia and major European markets such as Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Greece, Netherlands, and Scandinavia. Harlequin launched an audiobook program in 2015.
Dongchengyi Road station
Dongchengyi Road (simplified Chinese: 东城一路; traditional Chinese: 東城一路; pinyin: Dōngchéngyī Lù) is a station on the Pujiang line of the Shanghai Metro. The station is located at the intersection of Sanlu Highway and Dongchengyi Road, between Puhang Road and Huizhen Road, the southern terminus of the line. It began passenger trial operations with the rest of the Pujiang line on March 31, 2018.

Huizhen Road station
Huizhen Road (simplified Chinese: 汇臻路; traditional Chinese: 匯臻路; pinyin: Huìzhēn Lù) is a station on the Pujiang line of the Shanghai Metro. The station is located at the intersection of Lunan Road and Huizhen Road, and serves as the southern terminus of the line. The preceding station is Dongchengyi Road. It began passenger operations with the rest of the Pujiang Line on March 31, 2018.
Tale of the Sleeping Giants
Tale of the Sleeping Giants (Finnish: Tunturin tarina) is a 2021 Finnish nature film directed by Marko Röhr. It is about the fells of Sápmi and is the standalone third entry in a series of nature films, after Tale of a Forest (2012) and Tale of a Lake (2016).

Originally set for release in 2020, Tale of the Sleeping Giants was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Finland. Without officially being premiered, it topped Finland's box-office solely from preview screenings. The official release date was eventually on December 3 2021.

Tale of a Lake
Tale of a Lake (Finnish: Järven tarina) is a 2016 Finnish nature documentary film directed by Marko Röhr and Kim Saarniluoto. It is about lakes in Finland, their wildlife, and their place in Finnish folklore. The film features narration by Samuli Edelmann and Johanna Kurkela.
Triballi
The Triballi (Ancient Greek: Τριβαλλοί, romanized: Triballoí, Latin: Triballi) were an ancient people who lived in northern Bulgaria in the region of Roman Oescus up to  southeastern Serbia, possibly near the territory of the Morava Valley in the late Iron Age. The Triballi lived between Thracians to the east, Illyrians the west and Celts to the north and were influenced by them. As such in contemporary sources, they are variably described as an independent, Thracian, Illyrian or Celtic tribe. Strabo considered the Triballi as a Thracian people. Most ancient  sources considered the Triballi as Thracians, while some few regarded them as Illyrians.

As an existing people, the Triballi are mentioned for the last time by Roman historian Appian (2nd century CE). According to Appian, the Triballi were reduced in numbers through their wars against the Scordisci and fled among the Getae, north of the Danube before they went extinct as a distinct people.

Scordisci
The Scordisci (Ancient Greek: Σκορδίσκοι; Latin: Scordiscii, Scordistae) were an Iron Age cultural group who emerged after the Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe, and who were centered in the territory of present-day Serbia, at the confluence of the Savus (Sava), Dravus (Drava), Margus (Morava) and Danube rivers. They were historically notable from the beginning of the third century BC until the turn of the common era, and consolidated into a tribal state. At their zenith, their core territory stretched over regions comprising parts of present-day Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria and Romania, while their influence spread even further. After the Roman conquest in the 1st century AD, their territories were included into the Roman provinces of Pannonia, Moesia and Dacia.
Sepang District
The Sepang District is a district located in the southern part of the state of Selangor in Malaysia. Sepang District covers an area of around 600 square kilometers, and had an estimated population of 338,600 in 2023.

The district of Sepang is also famous for the township of Cyberjaya, which is also known as the Silicon Valley of Malaysia due to its association with MSC Malaysia. The capital of Sepang district is Salak Tinggi, which took over from Sepang town.

The remaining areas of Puchong, such as Bukit Puchong 2, 16 Sierra, Pulau Meranti, Bandar Nusaputra, Taman Putra Perdana, Taman Putra Prima, Taman Meranti Jaya and Taman Mas, are located in this district.

Some parts of Kajang such as Kampung Sungai Merab, Desa Pinggiran Putra and Kampung Dato Abu Bakar Baginda are also located in the northeast of the district.

Salak Tinggi
Salak Tinggi is a town in Sepang District, Selangor, Malaysia. Located about 9 km north of the Kuala Lumpur International Airport, it is the seat of the Sepang district's administration.

Due to its proximity to the airport, Salak Tinggi is occasionally known as Airport City.
Abu Ishaq al-Isfarayini
Abu Ishaq al-Isfarayini (Arabic: أبو إسحاق الإسفراييني) was a renowned Sunni scholar, jurisconsult, legal theoretician, hadith expert, Qur'anic exegete, theologian and a specialist in the Arabic language. Al-Isfara'ini's scholarship was focused on the sciences of Aqidah, Hadith and Fiqh. He was the foremost leading authority in the Shafi'i school of his time. He was along with Ibn Furak the chief propagator of Sunni Ash'ari theology in Nishapur at the turn of the 5th Islamic century.

Ibn Furak
Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn Fūrāk, Abū Bakr al-Asbahānī al-Shāfi`ī, commonly known as Ibn Fūrāk (Arabic: ابن فورك); c. 941–c. 1015  CE / 330–406 AH). The Imam, a leading authority on kalam and usul, the transmitter of Al-Ash`ari's school, an expert in Arabic language, grammar and poetry, an orator, a jurist, and a hadith master from the Shafi'i Madhhab in 10th century.
Apostle Islands
The Apostle Islands are a group of 22 islands in Lake Superior, off the Bayfield Peninsula in northern Wisconsin. The majority of the islands are located in Ashland County—only Sand, York, Eagle, and Raspberry Islands are located in Bayfield County. All the islands except for Madeline Island are part of the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore. The islands in Ashland County are all in the Town of La Pointe, except for Long Island, which is in the Town of Sanborn, while those in Bayfield County are in the Towns of Russell and Bayfield.

La Pointe, Wisconsin
La Pointe (Ojibwe: 
Mooningwanekaaning) is a town in Ashland County, Wisconsin, United States. The town includes all of the Apostle Islands except for the westernmost four, which lie in the towns of Bayfield and Russell in Bayfield County.

While the area encompassing the Town of La Pointe is made up of the entire Apostle Islands archipelago, the residents of the community live on the western shore of Madeline Island, the largest of the Apostle Islands because it is the only Apostle Island open to commercial development. The population was 428 at the 2020 census. Downtown La Pointe is adjacent to the Madeline Island Ferry dock. Neighborhoods include Middleport and Old Fort. La Pointe has a post office with ZIP code 54850. Its name in the Anishinaabe language is Mooningwanekaaning, meaning "The Home of the Golden Breasted Woodpecker".
Hatchet (novel)
Hatchet is a 1987 young-adult wilderness survival novel written by American writer Gary Paulsen. It is the first novel of five in the Hatchet series. Other novels in the series include The River (1991), Brian's Winter (1996), Brian's Return (1999) and Brian's Hunt (2003). It was first published in September 1987 by Bradbury Press, and the recipient of the Newbery Honor Award in 1988.

Brian's Hunt
Brian's Hunt is a 2003 young adult novel by Gary Paulsen.  It is the fifth and final book in the award-winning Hatchet series, which deals with Brian Robeson, a boy who learns wilderness survival when he is stranded after a plane wreck.
Creatinine
Creatinine (/kriˈætɪnɪn, -ˌniːn/; from Ancient Greek  κρέας (kréas) 'flesh') is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate from muscle and protein metabolism. It is released at a constant rate by the body (depending on muscle mass).

Phosphocreatine
Phosphocreatine, also known as creatine phosphate (CP) or PCr (Pcr), is a phosphorylated form of creatine that serves as a rapidly mobilizable reserve of high-energy phosphates in skeletal muscle, myocardium and the brain to recycle adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell.
Yohan Hadikusumo Wiratama
Yohan Hadikusumo Wiratama (Chinese: 魏仁君; pinyin: Wèi Rénjūn; born 6 April 1977) is a badminton player from Indonesia. He is a younger brother of Olympic gold medalist from Indonesia, Alan Budikusuma. He moved to Hong Kong due to tight competition in Indonesia. In Hong Kong, he partnered with another Indonesian who moved to Hong Kong, Albertus Susanto Njoto, in men's doubles.

Albertus Susanto Njoto
Albertus Susanto Njoto (Chinese: 楊禮豐; born 27 October 1976) is a badminton player from Indonesia. He moved to Hong Kong due to tight competition in Indonesia. In Hong Kong, he partnered with another Indonesian, Yohan Hadikusumo Wiratama, in men's doubles. He won the men's doubles title at the Philippines Open in 2006, and also was the mixed doubles bronze medallist at the 2005 Asian Badminton Championships.
Drugs controlled by the German Narcotic Drugs Act
The following drugs are controlled by the German Narcotic Drugs Act (German: Betäubungsmittelgesetz or BtMG). Trade and possession of these substances without licence or prescription is considered illegal; prescription is illegal for drugs on Anlage I and II and drugs on Anlage III require a special prescription form.

Narcotic Drugs Act
The Narcotic Drugs Act (German: Betäubungsmittelgesetz, pronounced [bəˈtɔɪ̯bʊŋsmɪtl̩ɡəˌzɛt͡s] ⓘ or BtMG) is the controlled substances law of Germany.  In common with the Misuse of Drugs Act of 1971 of the United Kingdom and Controlled Substances Acts of the US and Canada, it is a consolidation of prior regulation and an implementation of treaty obligations under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, Convention on Psychotropic Substances and other treaties.

The BtMG updated the German Opium Law 1929 and mirrors the Swiss BtMG and Austrian Suchtmittelgesetz.

The German Narcotics Act was re-announced on 1 March 1994. The last change to the law was the legalization of Cannabis in Germany on 1 April 2024. Since then, the handling of this drug has been subject to the German cannabis control bill.
Heritage Bowl
The Heritage Bowl was an NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) bowl game held by the National Collegiate Athletic Association. The bowl pitted a team from the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) against a team from the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC). It was hoped that it would become a true national championship game for historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs). It was a successor to the Pelican Bowl, which matched MEAC and SWAC teams during the 1970s, and a predecessor to the Celebration Bowl of the 2010s.

Celebration Bowl
The Celebration Bowl is a postseason college football bowl game, first played in the 2015 season, contested between the champions of the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) and the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC)—the two prominent conferences of historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in NCAA Division I. It serves as the de facto national championship of black college football. The game is held annually in Atlanta on the third weekend of December, and has been played at the Georgia Dome and Mercedes-Benz Stadium. It is currently the only active bowl game to feature teams from the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS).
Shōzō Makino (director)
Shōzō Makino (牧野省三, Makino Shōzō, September 22, 1878, Kyoto – July 25, 1929) was a Japanese film director, film producer and businessman who is regarded as a pioneering director of Japanese film, granting the title "Father of the Japanese film" (Japanese: 日本映画の父, Hepburn: Nihon Eiga no Chichi) liken to D. W. Griffith, while Makino was proud of the nickname "Griffith Makino" (Japanese: グリフィス・マキノ, Hepburn: Grifisu Makino) given by Griffith himself.

In addition, all four of his sons, including Masahiro Makino and Sadatsugu Matsuda, went into the film business as either directors or producers, and his grandchildren include the actors Masahiko Tsugawa and Hiroyuki Nagato. Actress Yoko Minamida is a granddaughter-in-law.

Sadatsugu Matsuda
Sadatsugu Matsuda (松田 定次, Matsuda Sadatsugu) (まつだ さだつぐ) (2 November 1906 – 20 January 2003, Tokyo, Japan) was a Japanese film director. He directed films from 1925 to 1969.

His name is also incorrectly spelled as Sadaji Matsuda.

He was the son of producer and director Shōzō Makino, and brother of film director Masahiro Makino
Bascinet
The bascinet – also bassinet, basinet, or bazineto – was a Medieval European open-faced combat helmet. It evolved from a type of iron or steel skullcap, but had a more pointed apex to the skull, and it extended downwards at the rear and sides to afford protection for the neck. A mail curtain (aventail or camail) was usually attached to the lower edge of the helmet to protect the throat, neck and shoulders. A visor (face guard) was often employed from c. 1330 to protect the exposed face. Early in the fifteenth century, the camail began to be replaced by a plate metal gorget, giving rise to the so-called "great bascinet".

Gorget
A gorget (/ˈɡɔːrdʒɪt/ GOR-jit; from Old French  gorge 'throat') is a band of linen that was wrapped around a woman's neck and head in the medieval period or the lower part of a simple chaperon hood. The term later described a steel or leather collar to protect the throat, a set of pieces of plate armour, or a single piece of plate armour hanging from the neck and covering the throat and chest. Later, particularly from the 18th century, the gorget became primarily ornamental, serving as a symbolic accessory on military uniforms, a use which has survived in some armies (see below).

The term may also be used for other things such as items of jewellery worn around the throat region in several societies, for example wide thin gold collars found in prehistoric Ireland dating to the Bronze Age.
Haft-rang
Haft-rang (هفت رنگ "seven colours") is a Persian term for a decorative technique for underglazed ceramic tiles. This decorative technique is also sometimes described as "cloisonné", "cuerda seca" or "black line". The process begins with the application of multiple colours on square tiles coated with a white glaze. The colours are delineated with black painting so that they do not bleed into each other. Finally, the whole tile is fired in one step. This technique is decorative and relatively easy to deploy, especially compared to Mo'araq, but it does not permit an optimum firing process for each of the colours. Hence the colours are weaker, less intense, less clearly delineated, and the glazes not as strong.

Mo'araq
Mo'araq (مُعَرَق, "inlay") is the Persian term for "cut-tile mosaic" techniques. It is part of the Classical opus sectile ("cut-stone mosaic") technique. It consists in using small shards of glazed colored tile, chipped and assembled precisely together in order to form a given design. This techniques allows for long-lasting designs with vibrant colours, and is the oldest mosaic technique used in the Middle East. In case of the specific use of ceramics, the term kǎši-ye mo'araq can be used.
Rio Grande City, Texas
Rio Grande City is a city in and the county seat of Starr County, Texas, United States. The population was 15,317 at the time of the 2020 census. The city is 41 miles (66 km) west of McAllen. It is connected to Camargo, Tamaulipas, via the Rio Grande City–Camargo International Bridge.

The city is situated within the Rio Grande Valley.

Camargo Municipality, Tamaulipas
Camargo is a municipality in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. It is located on the US border, across from Rio Grande City, Texas. It has an official population of 14,933 inhabitants (2010 census). The municipal seat is Ciudad Camargo, with a population of 7,984. The municipality is connected to Rio Grande City, Texas, via the Rio Grande City-Camargo International Bridge.
The Contrabandista
The Contrabandista, or The Law of the Ladrones, is a two-act comic opera by Arthur Sullivan and F. C. Burnand. It premiered at St. George's Hall, in London, on 18 December 1867 under the management of Thomas German Reed, for a run of 72 performances.  There were brief revivals in Manchester in 1874 and America in 1880.  In 1894, it was revised into a new opera, The Chieftain, with a completely different second act.

The piece was the first of Sullivan's full-length operas that was produced. It was not a great success, with Burnand's libretto receiving criticism, but its music exhibits many of the qualities and techniques that Sullivan would employ in composing his twenty further comic operas, including the famous series of fourteen Gilbert and Sullivan operas produced between 1871 and 1896.

The Chieftain
The Chieftain is a two-act comic opera by Arthur Sullivan and F. C. Burnand based on their 1867 opera, The Contrabandista. It consists of substantially the same first act as the 1867 work with a completely new second act. It premiered at the Savoy Theatre on 12 December 1894, under the management of Richard D'Oyly Carte, for a run of 97 performances (by Sullivan's standards, a flop).

The opening cast included Florence St. John, Courtice Pounds, Walter Passmore, Richard Temple, Scott Russell, Florence Perry, Emmie Owen, R. Scott Fishe and Rosina Brandram.
Crowned lapwing
The crowned lapwing (Vanellus coronatus), or crowned plover, is a bird of the lapwing subfamily that occurs contiguously from the Red Sea coast of Somalia to southern and southwestern Africa. It is an adaptable and numerous species, with bold and noisy habits. It is related to the more localized black-winged and Senegal lapwings, with which it shares some plumage characteristics.

Black-winged lapwing
The black-winged lapwing  or greater black-winged lapwing (Vanellus melanopterus) is an east African species that is found from the Ethiopian highlands in the north to central Kenya (race V. m. melanopterus), and again at middle to coastal elevations in eastern South Africa (race V. m. minor). It is a habitat specialist of short grass in well-watered temperate grasslands. They may move about locally to find ideal situations, often at night. In their tightly grouped flying flocks they resemble plovers.
Outfest
Outfest is an LGBTQ-oriented nonprofit that produces two film festivals, operates a movie streaming platform, and runs educational services for filmmakers  in Los Angeles. Outfest is one of the key partners, alongside the Frameline Film Festival, the New York Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, & Transgender Film Festival, and the Inside Out Film and Video Festival, in launching the North American Queer Festival Alliance, an initiative to further publicize and promote LGBT film.

Frameline Film Festival
The Frameline Film Festival (also known as San Francisco International LGBTQ+ Film Festival) is an annual event that screens and celebrates films by and about LGBTQ people, established in 1976. The festival is organized by Frameline, a nonprofit media arts organization whose mission statement is "to change the world through the power of queer cinema". Since 2024 the executive director of Frameline has been Allegra Madsen, formerly director of programming.

It is the oldest LGBTQ+ film festival in the world, and with annual attendance ranging from 60,000 to 80,000, the largest LGBTQ+ film exhibition event. It is also the most well-attended LGBTQ+ arts event in the San Francisco Bay Area.

The festival is held over eleven days in late June (reduced in 2004 from eighteen), with the closing night coinciding with San Francisco's annual Gay Pride Day, which takes place on the last Sunday of the month. The Castro Theatre has traditionally been the main venue.