hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erector spinae muscles
The erector spinae (/ɪˈrɛktər ˈspaɪni/ irr-EK-tər SPY-nee) or spinal erectors is a set of muscles that straighten and rotate the back. The spinal erectors work together with the glutes (gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus) to maintain stable posture standing or sitting.

Gluteus maximus
The gluteus maximus is the main extensor muscle of the hip in humans. It is the largest and outermost of the three gluteal muscles and makes up a large part of the shape and appearance of each side of the hips. It is the single largest muscle in the human body. Its thick fleshy mass, in a quadrilateral shape, forms the prominence of the buttocks. The other gluteal muscles are the medius and minimus, and sometimes informally these are collectively referred to as the glutes.

Its large size is one of the most characteristic features of the muscular system in humans, connected as it is with the power of maintaining the trunk in the erect posture. Other primates have much flatter hips and cannot sustain standing erectly.

The muscle is made up of muscle fascicles lying parallel with one another, and are collected together into larger bundles separated by fibrous septa.
Bloomington, Illinois
Bloomington is a city in McLean County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. The 2020 census showed the city had a population of 78,680, making it the 13th-most populous city in Illinois and the fifth-most populous outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is adjacent to the town of Normal, and is the more populous of the two principal municipalities of the Bloomington–Normal metropolitan area, which has a population of roughly 170,000.

Bloomington is 135 miles (217 km) southwest of Chicago and 162 miles (261 km) northeast of St. Louis. Bloomington is home to Illinois Wesleyan University and the headquarters for State Farm and Country Financial. Bloomington is also home to the minor league hockey team Bloomington Bison.

State Farm
State Farm Insurance is a group of mutual insurance companies throughout the United States with corporate headquarters in Bloomington, Illinois. Founded in 1922, it is the largest property, casualty and auto insurance provider in the United States.
Palcho Monastery
The Palcho Monastery or Pelkor Chode Monastery or Shekar Gyantse is the main monastery in the Nyangchu river valley in Gyantse, Gyantse County, Shigatse Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region. The monastery precinct is a complex of structures that, apart from the Tsuklakhang Monastery, also includes its Kumbum, believed to be the largest such structure in Tibet, that is most notable for its 108 chapels in its several floors and the old Dzong or fort.

Gyantse
Gyantse, officially Gyangzê Town (also spelled Gyangtse; Tibetan: རྒྱལ་རྩེ, Wylie: rgyal rtse, ZYPY: Gyangzê; simplified Chinese: 江孜镇; traditional Chinese: 江孜鎮; pinyin: Jiāngzī Zhèn), is a town located in Gyantse County, Shigatse Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. It was historically considered the third largest and most prominent town in Tibet (after Lhasa and Shigatse), but there are now at least ten larger Tibetan cities.
James Cartlidge
James Roger Cartlidge (born 30 April 1974) is a British politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for South Suffolk since 2015. A member of the Conservative Party, he was appointed Shadow Secretary of State for Defence in 2024 by former prime minister Rishi Sunak in July 2024; when Kemi Badenoch succeeded Sunak as Leader of the Opposition in November 2024 she reappointed Cartlidge to the brief. He had previously served as Minister of State for Defence Procurement from 2023 to 2024, Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury from 2022 to 2023, as well as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Justice from 2021 to 2022.

Shadow Secretary of State for Defence
The shadow secretary of state for defence is a member of the UK Shadow Cabinet responsible for the scrutiny of the secretary of state for defence and the department, the Ministry of Defence. The post is currently held by James Cartlidge.
Dunash ben Labrat
Dunash ha-Levi ben Labrat (920/925 – after 985) (Hebrew: ר׳ דוֹנָש הַלֵּוִי בֵּן לָבְּרָט; Arabic: دناش بن لبراط) was a medieval Jewish commentator, poet, and grammarian of the Golden age of Jewish culture in Spain. He is known for his philological commentary, Teshuvot Dunash, and for his liturgical poems D'ror Yiqra and D'vai Haser.

D'ror Yikra
D'ror Yikra (Hebrew: דְּרוֹר יִקְרָא‎; also spelled Dror Yikra, Deror Yikra and Dror Yiqra) is a piyyut (Jewish religious song or hymn), of the kind known as zemer, traditionally sung during Sabbath meals, particularly the first meal on Friday evening.

Dror Yikra was written in 960 CE in Córdoba by the poet, linguist, and musician Dunash ben Labrat, who is said to have been born in Fez but moved to Spain after a period of study in Baghdad under the rabbinic scholar Saadia Gaon.

According to the ArtScroll Siddur, "Dror Yikra" is "a plea to God to protect Israel, destroy its oppressors, and bring it peace and redemption."
Newman's lemma
In theoretical computer science, specifically in term rewriting, Newman's lemma, also commonly called the diamond lemma, is a criterion to prove that an abstract rewriting system is confluent. It states that local confluence is a sufficient condition for confluence, provided that the system is also terminating. This is useful since local confluence is usually easier to verify than confluence.

The lemma was originally proved by Max Newman in 1942. A considerably simpler proof (given below) was proposed by Gérard Huet. A number of other proofs exist.

Confluence (abstract rewriting)
In computer science and mathematics, confluence is a property of rewriting systems, describing which terms in such a system can be rewritten in more than one way, to yield the same result. This article describes the properties in the most abstract setting of an abstract rewriting system.
Stamford Bridge, East Riding of Yorkshire
Stamford Bridge is a village and civil parish on the River Derwent in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, approximately 5 miles (8 km) east of York and 22 miles (35 km) west of Driffield. The village sits astride an ancient ford on the River Derwent.

Stamford Bridge is known for the Roman fort Derventio, the Battle of Stamford Bridge (1066 AD), Stamford Bridge railway station and Stamford Bridge Viaduct on the disused York–Beverley railway, and the Stamford Bridge road crossing of the River Derwent.

Stamford Bridge railway station
Stamford Bridge railway station was a railway station on the York to Beverley Line. It opened on 4 October 1847 and served the village of Stamford Bridge in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It closed after the last train on 27 November 1965.
Joselito Altarejos
Joselito Altarejos is a Filipino filmmaker having won several awards in the Philippines as well as internationally. He is known for gay-themed film features like The Man in the Lighthouse (in Tagalog Ang Lalake sa Parola), Antonio's Secret (in Tagalog Ang Lihim ni Antonio), Kambyo, The Game of Juan's Life (in Tagalog Ang Laro ng Buhay ni Juan ), Pink Halo-Halo, Unfriend, The Commitment (in Tagalog Kasal). His 2017 film Tale of the Lost Boys was filmed in Taiwan.

The Commitment (film)
The Commitment (Filipino: Kasal; transl. Marriage) is a 2014 Filipino film co-produced, co-written, co-edited, and directed by Joselito Altarejos. It was premiered as an entry to the Directors Showcase during the 10th Cinemalaya Philippine Independent Film Festival held in 2014. The film went on to win the Best Film title in the festival.
Luigi Lavitrano
Luigi Lavitrano (7 March 1874 – 2 August 1950) was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Palermo from 1928 to 1944, and as prefect of the Sacred Congregation for Religious from 1945 until his death. Lavitrano was elevated to the cardinalate in 1929.

Archdiocese of Palermo
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Palermo (Latin: Archidioecesis Panormitana) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church. It was founded, according to a dubious hagiographical tale, in the first century, though evidence suggests that it was a fifth century creation. The diocese was raised to the status of archdiocese in the 11th century. The archbishop is Corrado Lorefice.
Red Dog (novel)
Red Dog (2002) is a short novel by Louis de Bernières charting the life of a popular dog, a "Red Cloud Kelpie" nicknamed Red Dog, in Dampier, Western Australia. A movie based on the novel was filmed in Australia in 2011.

Red Dog (film)
Red Dog is a 2011 Australian comedy-drama family film written by Daniel Taplitz, directed by Kriv Stenders and produced by Nelson Woss and Julie Ryan. It stars Koko as the title character, Josh Lucas, Rachael Taylor, and John Batchelor. The film is based on the true story of Red Dog and uses the 2002 novel Red Dog by Louis de Bernières as the primary source. At the 2011 Inside Film Awards, Red Dog was nominated in nine categories and won seven, including best feature film. The film was also nominated for seven AACTA Awards and won for Best Film. The film was theatrically released on 4 August 2011 by Roadshow Film Distributors.

The film was followed by a prequel, Red Dog: True Blue released in 2016, and a spin-off documentary Koko: A Red Dog Story released in 2019.
Disco Nights
Disco Nights is the debut album by American soul/funk group GQ, released in 1979 on the Arista label.  The lead single "Disco Nights (Rock Freak)" was a major crossover hit, topping the R&B chart and peaking at #12 on the pop chart.  The follow-up, a cover of Billy Stewart's 1965 classic "I Do Love You", also made the R&B top 5 and the pop top 20.  On the back of its hit singles, the album became a big seller. It reached #2 R&B and #13 pop and was certified Platinum (one million copies shipped) by the RIAA.

This album should not be confused with a later GQ compilation of the same name, and with a similar cover image.

Disco Nights (Rock-Freak)
"Disco Nights (Rock-Freak)" (also titled "(Rock-Freaks) Disco / Boogie") is a song written by Emanuel LeBlanc, Herb Lane, Keith Crier and Paul Service and performed by American band GQ, from their 1979 debut studio album Disco Nights. The song was produced by Larkin Arnold, Beau Ray and Fleming Jimmy Simpson.

The single ranked No. 76 on the Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1979.
PJ Dozier
Perry Linnard "PJ" Dozier Jr. (born October 25, 1996) is an American professional basketball player for Anadolu Efes of the Turkish Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL) and the EuroLeague. He played college basketball for the South Carolina Gamecocks.

South Carolina Gamecocks men's basketball
The South Carolina Gamecocks men's basketball team represents the University of South Carolina and competes in the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Gamecocks won Southern Conference titles in 1927, 1933, 1934, and 1945, and then they gained national attention under hall of fame coach Frank McGuire, posting a 205–65 record from 1967 to 1976, which included the 1970 Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) championship, the 1971 ACC Tournament title, and four consecutive NCAA tournament appearances from 1971 to 1974.  The program also won the 1997 SEC championship, National Invitation Tournament (NIT) titles in 2005 and 2006, and co-champions of the 2009 SEC East division title.  Most recently, the Gamecocks won the 2017 NCAA East Regional Championship, reaching the Final Four for the first time in school history. Lamont Paris is the current head coach, and the team plays at the 18,000-seat Colonial Life Arena.
Magical objects in Harry Potter
Magical objects make frequent appearances in the Harry Potter novels and film adaptations, creating and resolving major plot elements, establishing the fantasy world the characters inhabit, and often driving comic episodes.

Places in Harry Potter
The fictional universe of Harry Potter contains numerous settings for the events in the novels, films and other media of the Harry Potter and the Fantastic Beasts series. These locations are divided into four main categories: residences, education, commerce, and government.
Jackie Oliver
Keith Jack Oliver (born 14 August 1942) is a British former racing driver and motorsport executive, who competed in Formula One between 1967 and 1977. In endurance racing, Oliver won the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1969, the 12 Hours of Sebring in 1969, and the 24 Hours of Daytona in 1971, all with J.W. Automotive. From 1978 to 1996, he served as co-founder and team principal of Arrows in Formula One.

During his early career, Oliver achieved several class victories in the British Saloon Car Championship between 1966 and 1968. Oliver contested 52 Formula One Grands Prix for Lotus, BRM, McLaren, and Shadow, achieving two podiums at the Mexican Grand Prix in 1968 and the Canadian Grand Prix in 1973. He won the Canadian-American Challenge Cup in 1974. Oliver was also the second person to complete the informal Triple Crown of endurance racing.

John Wyer
John Wyer (11 December 1909 – 8 April 1989), was an English automobile racing engineer and team manager. He is mainly associated with cars running in the light blue and orange livery of his longtime sponsor Gulf Oil.
Three Weeks With Lady X
Three Weeks With Lady X is a historical romance written by Eloisa James and published in 2014.  It was a New York Times Bestseller and was nominated for two Romantic Times awards.

The novel is considered a Regency romance, with much of the conflict revolving around the societal expectations of the time.  In a departure from other novels of this type, James gave her heroine an occupation.  Her interior decorating skills were inspired by James' love for HGTV.   The hero is also unusual for the time period, being neither a lord nor legitimate.  The primary and the secondary characters are richly drawn and fully developed.  The novel is considered very sensual, and marked James' first foray into more explicit love scenes.

The hero was first introduced as a child in James' 2009 work This Duchess of Mine.  The protagonists have secondary roles in James's next book, Four Nights With a Duke.

Eloisa James
Eloisa James is the pen name of Mary Bly (born 1962). She is a tenured Shakespeare professor at Fordham University who also writes best-selling Regency and Georgian romance novels under her pen name. Her novels are published in 30 countries and have sold approximately 7 million copies worldwide. She also wrote a bestselling memoir about the year her family spent in France, Paris in Love.

She is the daughter of poet Robert Bly and short-story author Carol Bly.
Inara George
Inara Maryland George (born July 4, 1974) is an American singer-songwriter and musician, one half of The Bird and the Bee, a member of the band Merrick, with Bryony Atkinson, and a member of the trio The Living Sisters, with Eleni Mandell and Becky Stark.

The Bird and the Bee
the bird and the bee is an American indie pop musical duo from Los Angeles, consisting of Inara George ("the bird") and Greg Kurstin ("the bee"). Kurstin is a nine-time Grammy Award–winning producer and multi-instrumentalist who has worked with artists including Sia, Adele, Beck, Kendrick Lamar, and the Foo Fighters. George and Kurstin met while the two were working on her debut album and they decided to collaborate on a jazz-influenced electropop project. Their debut EP, Again and Again and Again and Again, was released on October 31, 2006, followed by their self-titled debut album on January 23, 2007.
Homo Hill
"Homo Hill," also known as "The Hill" or "LGBTQ Street", is an informal name for an LGBTQ+ neighborhood in Itaewon, Seoul, South Korea. It is occupied by numerous LGBTQ+ establishments and is considered a safe space for LGBTQ+-identifying people. Homo Hill branches out of the entertainment area for U.S. military soldiers established during the time of the Korean War, which was known as "Hooker Hill".

Itaewon is also home to a number of ethnic minority groups.

Itaewon
Itaewon (Korean: 이태원; Korean pronunciation: [itʰɛwʌn]) is a commercial area within the Itaewon-dong neighborhood of Yongsan District in Seoul, South Korea, known for its nightlife and multi-ethnic population.
Salouf
Salouf (until 1943 officially called Salux) is a village and former municipality in the Sursés in the district of Albula in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2016 the former municipalities of Bivio, Cunter, Marmorera, Mulegns, Riom-Parsonz, Salouf, Savognin, Sur and Tinizong-Rona merged to form the new municipality of Surses.

The population is predominantly Romansh-speaking.

Surses
Sursés (German: Oberhalbstein) is a valley, defined by the river Gelgia, and since 2016 also a municipality in the Albula Region of the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2016 the former municipalities of Bivio, Cunter, Marmorera, Mulegns, Riom-Parsonz, Salouf, Savognin, Sur and Tinizong-Rona merged to form the new municipality of Sursés.
Rancho Santa Fe Elementary School District
Rancho Santa Fe Elementary School District is a public school district based in Rancho Santa Fe, California, United States. It consists of only one site, R. Roger Rowe School, which comprises a public elementary school (K–5) and a public middle school (6–8).

It includes most of Elfin Forest and Rancho Santa Fe census-designated places. It feeds into San Dieguito Union High School District.

Rancho Santa Fe, California
Rancho Santa Fe is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Diego County, California, United States, within the San Diego metropolitan area. The population was 3,156 at the 2020 census. The CDP is primarily residential with a few shopping blocks, a middle and elementary school, and several restaurants.

Rancho Santa Fe borders the Fairbanks Ranch gated community to the southeast, Solana Beach to the southwest, and Encinitas to the west.
The Mauds
The Mauds were an influential band in the 1960s, 1970s Chicago jazz rock, blue-eyed soul, blues rock, garage rock scene that included The Buckinghams, Chicago, Shadows of Knight, and The Ides of March. The Mauds was founded in 1964 by Bill Durling, rhythm guitar.  Bill knew Jimy Rogers from 1964 and convinced him to start singing lead for Bill's band.  Jimy and Bill then asked Billy Winter, bass,  Robert “Fuzzy” Fuscaldo, lead guitar and Craig Baumgard, drums to join and the Mauds were born.  These musicians built the Mauds unmistakable Chicago Blue-Eyed Soul Sound c.1965 to 1967. The name Mauds was a play on the 1960s British slang expression "mod", which meant modern.  Bill Durling went off to college in Storm Lake, Iowa and was replaced by Timmy Coniglio on rhythm guitar and brass. Then, Craig Baumgard was replaced by Phil Weinberg on drums, and later, Denny Horan replaced Weinberg, and Bill Winter was replaced by Bill Sunter.

The Shadows of Knight
The Shadows of Knight were an American rock band from Chicago, Illinois, that played a version of British blues influenced by their native city.

The Shadows of Knight saw regional success with a cover of Them's 1964 single "Gloria", which peaked at number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the spring of 1966.  In 1972, Lenny Kaye coined the term "garage punk" on the track-by-track liner notes for the Nuggets compilation, describing the Shadows of Knight's follow-up single "Oh Yeah", which opens side two of the anthology, as "classic garage punk".
James Fadiman
James Fadiman (born May 27, 1939) is an American writer known for his research on microdosing psychedelics. He co-founded the Institute of Transpersonal Psychology, which later became Sofia University.

Sofia University (California)
Sofia University is a private for-profit university with two locations in California, one in Costa Mesa and the other in Palo Alto. It was originally founded as the California Institute of Transpersonal Psychology by Robert Frager and James Fadiman in 1975.
Ibarra Canton
Ibarra Canton is a canton of Ecuador, located in Imbabura Province.  Its capital is the town of Ibarra.  Its population in the 2001 census was 153,256 and 181,175 in the 2010 census. The area of the canton is 1,137 square kilometres (439 sq mi).

Ibarra is located in the Andes region of northern Ecuador. The capital city is situated at an altitude of 2,225 metres (7,300 ft) above sea level.

The canton is divided into seven parishes: Ambuquí (Ampuki), Angochagua (Ankuchawa), Carolina (Karulina), La Esperanza, Lita, Salinas, San Antonio de Ibarra.

La Esperanza, Ecuador
0°18′18″N 78°07′23″W﻿ / ﻿0.30500°N 78.12306°W﻿ / 0.30500; -78.12306
La Esperanza (the name is Spanish for "hope") is a town and parish in northern Ecuador in Imbabura Province, Ibarra Canton. It lies at the north-eastern foot of Mount Imbabura volcano about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) in straight line distance south of the city of Ibarra.

La Esperanza parish had a population of 6,677 in the 2001 census and 7,363 in the 2010 census.  The town has an elevation of 2,448 metres (8,031 ft) above sea level.

In the late 1960s and 1970s, La Esperanza became known to hippies and celebrities for the magic mushrooms which grew there in profusion.
Fort Howell
Fort Howell is an earthworks fort built in 1864 during the American Civil War, located on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina.  It was named in honor of Union Army Brigadier General Joshua B. Howell, and Its primary function was to protect Mitchelville, a Freedman's town located to its east.

It was named to the National Register of Historic Places on June 15, 2011.  It was named as a site on the National Park Service's Network to Freedom, Underground Railroad.  It is also a site on the Civil War Discovery Trail  http://www.civilwar.org/civil-war-discovery-trail/ The Fort is owned by the Hilton Head Island Land Trust, Inc., a non-profit organization whose goal is to protect and preserve the Fort in perpetuity.

Mitchelville
Mitchelville was a town built during the American Civil War for formerly enslaved people, located on what is now Hilton Head Island, South Carolina. It was named for one of the local Union Army generals, Ormsby M. Mitchel. The town was a population center for the enterprise known as the Port Royal Experiment.
Niina Petrõkina
Niina Petrõkina (born August 14, 2004) is an Estonian figure skater. She is a two-time European champion (2025, 2026), the 2023 Skate America bronze medalist, a five-time ISU Challenger Series medalist, and a four-time Estonian national champion (2022–23, 2025–26). Additionally, Petrõkina represented Estonia at the 2026 Winter Olympics.

She is the first Estonian skater to win a medal on the ISU Grand Prix and the first to win a European title.

2026 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2026 European Figure Skating Championships were held from 13 to 18 January at the Utilita Arena Sheffield in Sheffield, England, in the United Kingdom. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The competition also determined the entry quotas for each skating federation to the 2027 European Championships. Nika Egadze of Georgia won the men's event, Niina Petrõkina of Estonia won the women's event, Anastasiia Metelkina and Luka Berulava of Georgia won the pairs event, and Laurence Fournier Beaudry and Guillaume Cizeron of France won the ice dance event. With his sixth victory, Cizeron tied the record held by Lyudmila Pakhomova and Aleksandr Gorshkov of the Soviet Union for winning the most European Championship titles in ice dance, although he won his six titles with different partners.