hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al-Mada'in
33°06′N 44°35′E﻿ / ﻿33.100°N 44.583°E﻿ / 33.100; 44.583

Al-Mada'in (Arabic: المدائن, al-Madāʾin; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: מחוזא Māḥozā; lit. 'the cities') was an ancient metropolis situated on the Tigris in what is now Iraq. It was located between the ancient royal centers of Ctesiphon and Seleucia, and was founded by the Sasanian Empire. The city's name was used by Arabs as a synonym for the Sasanian capital of Ctesiphon, in a tradition that continued after the Arab conquest of Iran.

Seleucia
Seleucia (/sɪˈljuːʃə/; Ancient Greek: Σελεύκεια), also known as Seleucia-on-Tigris or Seleucia on the Tigris or Seleucia ad Tigrim, was a major Mesopotamian city, located on the west bank of the Tigris River within the present-day Baghdad Governorate in Iraq. It was founded around 305 BC by Seleucus I Nicator as the first capital of the Seleucid Empire, and remained an important center of trade and Hellenistic culture after the imperial capital relocated to Antioch. The city continued to flourish under Parthian rule beginning in 141 BC; ancient texts claim that it reached a population of 600,000. Seleucia was destroyed in 165 AD by Roman general Avidius Cassius and gradually faded into obscurity in the subsequent centuries. The site was rediscovered in the 1920s by archaeologists.
Tennessee State Route 290
State Route 290 (SR 290) is a 19.7-mile-long (31.7 km) state highway in Jackson and Putnam counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It connects SR 53 northeast of Granville to SR 135 in Cookeville via SR 56 and Bloomington Springs.

Tennessee State Route 135
State Route 135 (SR 135) is a north–south secondary state highway located in eastern Middle Tennessee. it originates in White County along SR 289 on the north side of Sparta, and its northern end is in Clay County along SR 52. The total length is 61.5 miles (99.0 km) long, and is entirely a secondary state highway.
The Adventures of Blinky Bill
The Adventures of Blinky Bill is an Australian animated television series based on Dorothy Wall's books about Blinky Bill, and is a sequel series to the 1992 film Blinky Bill: The Mischievous Koala. The series is produced by the Yoram Gross companies: Yoram Gross Film Studios (from 1993 to 1995) and Yoram Gross-EM.TV (from 2004 to 2005), with the main co-production of EM.TV and WDR. All three seasons of the series and the TV film were animated overseas by Colorland Animation Productions Co., Ltd. in Hong Kong. Set in Greenpatch, a fictional Australian bushland town, the series presents stories through the activities and misadventures of Blinky Bill, as well as his family and friends.

Flying Bark Productions
Flying Bark Productions Pty. Ltd. (formerly known as Yoram Gross Film Studios, Yoram Gross-Village Roadshow and Yoram Gross-EM.TV) is an Australian entertainment and animation studio that is a subsidiary of Belgian production company Studio 100. The studio acts as a full-service production facility across feature films, television and an assorted range of digital content. The studio was established by Yoram and Sandra Gross in 1967 as Yoram Gross Film Studios, and its stake was acquired by Australian media group Village Roadshow in 1996 before their stake was sold to German media & entertainment company EM.TV & Merchandising.
Octagon Chapel, Liverpool
53°24′24.44″N 2°59′9.56″W﻿ / ﻿53.4067889°N 2.9859889°W﻿ / 53.4067889; -2.9859889

The Octagon Chapel, Liverpool, was a nonconformist church in Liverpool, England, opened in 1763.  It was founded by local congregations, those of Benn's Garden and Kaye Street chapels. The aim was to use a non-sectarian liturgy; Thomas Bentley was a major figure in founding the chapel, and had a hand in the liturgy.

Hope Street Unitarian Chapel
53°24′3.6″N 2°58′13.8″W﻿ / ﻿53.401000°N 2.970500°W﻿ / 53.401000; -2.970500
Hope Street Chapel was a Unitarian place of worship in Liverpool, England. It stood on Hope Street next to the Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool, about halfway between the Anglican and Catholic Cathedrals. The congregation had previously been based in Paradise Street and before that in Kaye Street. The church was opened in 1849, and demolished in 1962.
Logan Rock
The Logan Rock (Cornish: Men Omborth, meaning balanced stone) near the village of Treen in Cornwall, United Kingdom, is an example of a logan or rocking stone. Although it weighs some 80 tons, it was dislodged in 1824 by a group of British seamen, intent on showing what the Navy could do. However following complaints from local residents for whom the rock had become a tourist attraction and source of income, the seamen were forced to restore it. Today the Logan Rock still rocks, but with much less ease than it did in the past. The South West Coast Path, which follows the coast of south-west England from Somerset to Dorset passes by on the cliffs to the north.

Rocking stone
Rocking stones (also known as logan stones or  logans) are large stones that are so finely balanced that the application of just a small force causes them to rock. Typically, rocking stones are residual corestones formed initially by spheroidal weathering and have later been exposed by erosion or glacial erratics left by retreating glaciers. Natural rocking stones are found throughout the world. A few rocking stones might be man-made megaliths.
Rumia
Rumia (Polish: [ˈrumja] ⓘ; Kashubian: Rëmiô; German: Rahmel) is a town in northern Poland, in the Wejherowo County in Pomeranian Voivodeship, with approx. 53,000 inhabitants. It is a part of the Kashubian Tricity (Rumia, Reda, Wejherowo) and a suburb part of the metropolitan area of the Tricity. It is situated in Kashubia in the historic region of Pomerania. It is connected by well-developed railway and highway connections to the Tricity, an urban agglomeration of almost 1 million inhabitants on the coast of Gdańsk Bay.

Wejherowo
Wejherowo [vɛi̯xɛˈrɔvɔ] ⓘ (Kashubian: Wejrowò; formerly German: Neustadt in Westpreußen) is a city in Gdańsk Pomerania, northern Poland, with 48,735 inhabitants (2021). It has been the capital of Wejherowo County in Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999; previously, it was a city in Gdańsk Voivodeship (1975–1998).
Francis Weston
Sir Francis Weston (1511 – 17 May 1536) was a gentleman of the Privy Chamber at the court of King Henry VIII of England. He became a friend of the king but was later accused of high treason and adultery with Anne Boleyn, the king's second wife. Weston was condemned to death, together with George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford, Henry Norris, William Brereton and Mark Smeaton. They were all executed on 17 May 1536, two days before Anne Boleyn suffered a similar fate.

Henry Norris (courtier)
Henry Norris (or Norreys) (c. 1482 – 17 May 1536) was an English courtier who was Groom of the Stool in the privy chamber of King Henry VIII. While a close servant of the King, he also supported the faction in court led by Queen Anne Boleyn, and when Anne fell out of favour, he was among those accused of treason and adultery with her. He was found guilty and executed, together with the Queen's brother, George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford,  Sir Francis Weston, William Brereton and Mark Smeaton. Most historical authorities argue that the accusations were untrue and part of a plot to get rid of Anne.
Stoke-on-Trent built-up area
The Stoke-on-Trent Built-up Area or The Potteries Urban Area or colloquially, simply "The Potteries" is a conurbation in north Staffordshire in the West Midlands region of England.

It includes the City of Stoke-on-Trent, and parts of the boroughs of Newcastle-under-Lyme and Staffordshire Moorlands.

The area had a population of 384,000 in 2019, a small increase from the 2001 census figure of 362,403 with Stoke-on-Trent making up over 70% of this population. It is sometimes called The Potteries Urban Area due to the area's fame and economic importance for the manufacture of Staffordshire pottery, an important element in the Industrial Revolution, which remained a large industry until the 20th century.

Staffordshire Potteries
The Staffordshire Potteries is the industrial area encompassing the six towns Burslem, Fenton, Hanley, Longton, Tunstall and Stoke (which is now the city of Stoke-on-Trent) in Staffordshire, England. North Staffordshire became a centre of ceramic production in the early 18th century, due to the local availability of clay, salt, lead and coal.
Army Medical Corps (India)
The Army Medical Corps is a specialist corps in the Indian Army, which primarily provides medical services to all Army personnel, serving and veterans, along with their families. Along with the branches in the Indian Navy and Indian Air Force, it forms part of the Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS).
The AFMS consists of more than 70,000 personnel.

The Indian AMC is not to be confused with the Pakistani AMC. Nevertheless, both have common roots tracing back to British raj, as they were preceded by the former British Indian Army's Medical Corps until 1947.

Indian Medical Service
The Indian Medical Service (IMS) was a military medical service in British India, which also had some civilian functions. Originating during the East India Company's period of rule, it was organised into a single unified service in 1896, served during the two World Wars, and remained in existence until the independence of India in 1947.

Many of its officers, who were both British and Indian, served in civilian hospitals. Among its notable ranks, the IMS had Sir Ronald Ross, a Nobel Prize winner, Sir Benjamin Franklin, later honorary physician to three British monarchs and Henry Vandyke Carter, best known for his illustrations in the anatomy textbook Gray's Anatomy.
Saffron Walden
Saffron Walden is a market town and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England, 12 miles (19 km) north of Bishop's Stortford, 15 miles (24 km) south of Cambridge and 43 miles (69 km) north of London. It retains a rural appearance and some buildings of the medieval period. As well as the town itself, the parish also includes Little Walden and Audley End. At the 2021 census, the built up area had a population of 16,610, and the parish had a population of 17,022.

Uttlesford
Uttlesford is a local government district in Essex, England. Its council is based in the town of Saffron Walden. The district also includes the town of Great Dunmow and numerous villages, including Stansted Mountfitchet, Takeley, Elsenham,  Thaxted, and Newport. The district covers a largely rural area in the north-west of Essex. London Stansted Airport lies within the district.

The neighbouring districts are Braintree, Chelmsford, Epping Forest, East Hertfordshire, North Hertfordshire and South Cambridgeshire.
KCB Group
KCB Group Limited, also known as the KCB Group, is a financial services holding company based in the African Great Lakes region. The Group's headquarters are in Nairobi, Kenya, with its subsidiaries being KCB Bank Kenya Limited, KCB Bank Burundi Limited, KCB Bank Rwanda Limited, KCB Bank South Sudan Limited, KCB Bank Tanzania Limited, KCB TMB Congo and KCB Bank Uganda Limited.

KCB Bank Kenya Limited
KCB Bank Kenya Limited is a financial services provider headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya. It is licensed as a commercial bank, by the Central Bank of Kenya, the national banking regulator. The bank has also been running an agency banking model.
Dudleya greenei
Dudleya greenei is a perennial species of succulent plant known by the common names Greene's liveforever, or Greene's dudleya. It is endemic to the Channel Islands of California, where it grows along the cliffs of four of the eight islands. It is a highly variable plant, presenting with multiple forms and varying levels of ploidy. Taxonomically, this species is an insular segregate of Dudleya caespitosa, and was placed as a stopgap taxon by Reid Moran in his 1951 thesis on the genus. It is characterized by white or green leaf rosettes, loomed over by inflorescences bearing pale yellow to white flowers. It is a member of the subgenus Dudleya, as it cannot be propagated from leaf cuttings, does not grow from a corm, and has tight petals.

Dudleya caespitosa
Dudleya caespitosa is a succulent plant known by several common names, including sea lettuce, sand lettuce, and coast dudleya. It is endemic to California, where it grows along the coastline in the southern half of the state. Taxonomically, this species is a highly variable complex of polymorphic and polyploid plants, closely related to numerous neighboring species such as Dudleya farinosa, Dudleya greenei and Dudleya palmeri. It is delimited from neighboring species on an arbitrary basis of distribution and chromosome number, and may not be immediately separable from the other species it approaches.
Remo, British Columbia
Remo is an unincorporated community in the Skeena region of west central British Columbia. Concentrated on the northwestern shore of the Skeena River and immediately northeast of the Zymagotitz River mouth, no direct link exists to the portion on the southeastern shore. On BC Highway 16, the locality is by road about 10 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Terrace.

Terrace, British Columbia
Terrace is a city in the Skeena region of west central British Columbia, Canada. This regional hub lies east of the confluence of the Kitsumkalum River into the Skeena River. On BC Highway 16, junctions branch northward for the Nisga'a Highway (BC Highway 113) to the west and southward for the Stewart–Cassiar Highway (BC Highway 37) to the east. The locality is by road about 204 km (127 mi) southwest of Smithers and 144 km (89 mi) east of Prince Rupert. Transportation links are the Northwest Regional Airport Terrace-Kitimat, a passenger train, and bus services.
Sangeen Darwaza
Sangeen Darwaza (Urdu pronunciation: [səŋɡiːn d̪əɾʋɑːzɑː] ; Kashmiri pronunciation: [sə̃ɡiːn d̪arʋaːzɨ]) is a historic gateway located in old city of Srinagar, built in 16th century by Mughal emperor Akbar. Sangeen Darwaza along with Kathi Darwaza serves as gateways to the citadel (Hari Parbat Fort) built on Koh-e-Maran hill.

Kathi Darwaza
Kathi Darwaza (Urdu pronunciation: [kɑːʈʰiː d̪əɾʋɑːzɑː] ; Kashmiri pronunciation: [kəːʈʰʲ d̪arʋaːzɨ]) is a historic gateway located in old city of Srinagar, built in 16th century by Mughal emperor Akbar. Kathi Darwaza along with Sangeen Darwaza serves as gateways to the citadel(Hari Parbat Fort) built on Koh-e-Maran hill.
Saskatchewan Highway 45
Highway 45 is a north–south provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 42 at Lucky Lake to Highway 7 near Delisle. The highway is about 116 kilometres (72 mi) long.

Highway 45 passes near the communities of Lucky Lake, Tullis, Birsay, Lyons, Macrorie, Swanson, Donavon, and Delisle.

Saskatchewan Highway 42
Highway 42 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from the intersection of Highway 2 in Tuxford in a north-west direction to Highway 15 near Milden. Even though the section between Lucky Lake and Milden is predominantly north–south, the entirety of Hwy 42 is signed east–west. The highway is about 205 kilometres (127 mi) long.

Highway 42 passes by the communities of Marquis, Keeler, Brownlee, Eyebrow, Central Butte, Lawson, Riverhurst, Lucky Lake, and Dinsmore, Saskatchewan. It crosses Lake Diefenbaker on the 1.5-kilometre (0.93 mi) long Riverhurst Ferry route. That crossing is an ice road in the winter.
National Bank of Australasia Building, Mossman
National Bank of Australasia Building is a heritage-listed former bank at 11 Mill Street, Mossman, Shire of Douglas, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Lange Leopold Powell and built from 1935 to 1936 by Arthur E Zillfleisch and Tom Booth. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 August 2010.

Mossman, Queensland
Mossman is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Douglas, Queensland, Australia. It is the administrative centre for the Douglas Shire Council In the 2021 census, the locality of Mossman had a population of 1,935 people.
Egyptian Second Division A
The Egyptian Second Division A (Arabic: دوري القسم الثاني المصري "أ"), also known locally as the Professionals League (Arabic: دوري المحترفين), is the second tier of the Egyptian football league system since the 2023–24 season. It is administered by the Egyptian Football Association. It is below the top professional league in the country, the Egyptian Premier League, and above the newly created Egyptian Second Division B. It is the first professional second-tier league in Egypt.

Egyptian Second Division B
The Egyptian Second Division B (Arabic: دوري القسم الثاني المصري "ب") is the third tier of the Egyptian football league system starting from the 2023–24 season. It replaces the Egyptian Third Division on the pyramid. It is administered by the Egyptian Football Association. It is below the second professional league in the country, the Egyptian Second Division A, and above the Egyptian Third Division.
Treaty of Amiens (1423)
The Treaty of Amiens, signed on 13 April 1423, was a defensive agreement between Burgundy, Brittany, and England during the Hundred Years' War. The English were represented by John, Duke of Bedford, the English regent of France, the Burgundians by Duke Philip the Good himself, and the Bretons by Arthur de Richemont, on behalf of his brother the Duke of Brittany. By the agreement, all three parties acknowledged Henry VI of England as King of France, and agreed to aid each other against the Valois claimant, Charles VII. It also stipulated the marriage of Bedford and Richemont to Burgundy's sisters, in order to cement the alliance.

The Treaty of Amiens was formed in the aftermath of the Treaty of Troyes. It helped maintain the Anglo-Burgundian alliance until 1435, and the basis of the dual-monarchy of the two kingdoms of England and France first formed by King Henry V of England at Troyes.

Treaty of Troyes
The Treaty of Troyes was an agreement that King Henry V of England and his heirs would inherit the French throne upon the death of King Charles VI of France. It was formally signed in the French city of Troyes on 21 May 1420 in the aftermath of Henry's successful military campaign in France. It forms a part of the backdrop of the latter phase of the Hundred Years' War finally won by the French at the Battle of Castillon in 1453, and in which various English kings tried to establish their claims to the French throne.
Clint Howard
Clinton Engle Howard (born April 20, 1959) is an American actor. He is the second son born to American actors Rance and Jean Howard, and younger brother of actor and director Ron Howard. His more than 200 acting credits include the lead role in the feature film and television series Gentle Ben, main-cast roles in series The Baileys of Balboa and The Cowboys, supporting roles in feature films such as The Waterboy and Apollo 13, guest appearances in the series My Name Is Earl, and several roles in the Star Trek franchise. He has appeared in many films directed by his brother.

Jean Speegle Howard
Jean Frances Howard (née Speegle; January 31, 1927 – September 2, 2000) was an American actress who acted primarily in film and on television. She appeared in over 30 television shows, mostly sitcoms, such as Married... with Children (1994–1996), but she also had guest spots on such series as Grace Under Fire and Buffy the Vampire Slayer beginning from 1975 (mostly during the 1980s and 1990s) until her death.
Uria Simango
Uria Timoteo Simango (15 March 1926 - c. October 1979) was a Mozambican Presbyterian minister and prominent leader of the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO) during the liberation struggle against Portuguese colonial rule. His precise date of death is unknown as he was extrajudicially executed along with several other FRELIMO dissidents and his wife, Celina by the post-independence government of Samora Machel.

Samora Machel
Samora Moisés Machel (29 September 1933 – 19 October 1986) was a Mozambican politician and revolutionary. A socialist in the tradition of Marxism–Leninism, he served as the first President of Mozambique from the country's independence in 1975 until his death in a plane crash in 1986.
Rómulo Gallegos
Rómulo Ángel del Monte Carmelo Gallegos Freire (2 August 1884 – 5 April 1969) was a Venezuelan novelist and politician. In 1948, he became the first freely elected president in Venezuela's history. He was removed from power after only nine months by a military coup.

Rómulo Gallegos is considered the most important Venezuelan novelist of the 20th century and a prominent figure in Latin American literature.

1948 Venezuelan coup d'état
The 1948 Venezuelan coup d'état took place on 24 November 1948, when Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, Marcos Pérez Jiménez and Luis Felipe Llovera Páez overthrew the elected president, Rómulo Gallegos, who had been elected in the 1947 Venezuelan general election (generally believed to be the country's first honest election) and had taken office in February 1948. Chalbaud had been Gallegos' minister of defense. Jiménez took command of the country as its dictator.

Democracy would not be restored until the 1958 Venezuelan coup d'état overthrew Jiménez.
Clark Gracie
Clark Rouson Gracie (born July 17, 1984) is an American Brazilian jiu-jitsu competitor and member of the Gracie family. He is the grandson of Carlos Gracie, one of the founders of Gracie Jiu-Jitsu, and first eldest son of Carley Gracie, the father of Gracie Jiu-Jitsu in the United States.

He is a 2013 Pan American black belt champion in the middleweight division, submitting his opponent in the finals with his signature omoplata, or clarkoplata, finish. He was awarded the Submission of the year award from the World Jiu Jitsu Expo for his Pan Am 2013 final match. One of the most active current competitors from the Gracie lineage, Clark Gracie is also a 2017 World Master black belt champion in the middleweight division.

Gracie family
The Gracie family (Portuguese: [ˈɡɾejsi]) is a family of martial artists originally from Belém, state of Pará, Brazil, whose ancestors came from Paisley, Scotland. They are known for promoting the self-defense martial arts system of Gracie jiu-jitsu, commonly known as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, originating from Kano jiu-jitsu (Judo) brought to Brazil by judoka prizefighter Mitsuyo Maeda.

They have been successful in combat sports competitions for over 80 years, representing their self-defense system (Gracie jiu-jitsu) including mixed martial arts (MMA), vale tudo and submission wrestling events. Several members were involved in the creation of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), along with promoter Art Davie.

As a family, the Gracies upheld the "Gracie Challenge", a martial arts challenge intended to showcase the effectiveness of their style of grappling against other martial arts disciplines. Members have an affinity to, and are consanguineously related to, the Machado family.
Initial sound rule
The initial sound rule (Korean: 두음법칙; Hanja: 頭音法則; RR: dueum beopchik) is series of changes to Hangul, the writing system for the Korean language, made in South Korea to better reflect modern Korean phonology. The changes affect syllable-initial ㄹ r and ㄴ n sounds in Sino-Korean vocabulary under certain conditions. In North Korea, the orthography does not recognize this rule, which makes it one of a number of North–South differences in the Korean language.

Korean phonology
The phonology of the Korean language covers the language's distinct, meaningful sounds (19 consonants and 7 vowels in the standard Seoul dialect) and the rules governing how those sounds interact with each other. This article is a technical description of the phonetics and phonology of Korean. Unless otherwise noted, statements in this article refer to the South Korean standard language based on the Seoul dialect.