hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
7.5×57mm MAS
The 7.5×57mm MAS or 7.5×58mm mle 1924c was a short-lived French rifle cartridge that was introduced in the mid-1920s to replace the 8×50mmR Lebel, although it itself was soon replaced with the 7.5×54mm French round, that served the French for decades to come until France, along with the rest of NATO, adopted the standard NATO calibers, 5.56×45mm NATO and 7.62×51mm NATO.

7.5×54mm French
The 7.5×54mm French, 7.5 French, or 7.5 MAS (designated as the 7,5 × 54 MAS by the C.I.P.) is a rimless bottlenecked rifle cartridge. It was developed by France as an update to the 7.5×57mm MAS mod. 1924 cartridge. It replaced the obsolete 8×50mmR Lebel round used during World War I, and served as the French service cartridge until superseded by the 5.56×45mm NATO and 7.62×51mm NATO cartridges in the 1970s and 1980s.

The 7.5×54mm French MAS has an uncommon 12.39 mm (0.488 in) breech and breechface diameter, and it has ballistics comparable to the 7.62×51mm NATO/.308 Winchester round. The 7.5 French cartridge is somewhat similar in appearance to the slightly longer and thicker 7.5×55mm Swiss GP11 round but users should never try to interchange the two rounds.
Cheltenham Association Football League
The Cheltenham Association Football League is a football competition based in England and has a total of three divisions. Its top division, Premier Division, sits at level 14 of the English football league system. It is a feeder to the Gloucestershire Northern Senior League.

The Cheltenham League is affiliated to the Gloucestershire County FA.

Gloucestershire Northern Senior League
The Gloucestershire Northern Senior League is a football competition based in England founded in 1922. The league is affiliated to the Gloucestershire County FA. It has two divisions, Division One and Division Two, with Division One sitting at level 12 of the English football league system. This league is a feeder to the Gloucestershire County League. The Cheltenham League, Stroud and District League and North Gloucestershire League are feeders to the GNSL.

In the 2018–19 season, Sharpness won the Division One title, while Woolaston were top of Division Two.
Sir Henry at N'didi's Kraal
Sir Henry at N'didi's Kraal is the fourth and final solo album by the English singer-songwriter Vivian Stanshall. It is a return to the largely spoken-word, solo comedy format of Stanshall's second album Sir Henry at Rawlinson End (1978) and is a sequel to the same work.

Sir Henry at Rawlinson End (album)
Sir Henry at Rawlinson End, released in 1978, is a largely spoken-word, solo comedy recording by British musician Vivian Stanshall, formerly of the Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band. It originated in his Rawlinson End sessions for the John Peel Show on BBC Radio 1 beginning in 1975, and a similarly-named track on the Bonzo Dog Band's 1972 album Let's Make Up and Be Friendly.
Pilgrims' Cross, Holcombe Moor
Pilgrims' Cross, Holcombe Moor, also called Whowell's Cross and Chatterton's Cross, is located on Holcombe Moor near Ramsbottom and Holcombe, Greater Manchester, England. It marks the site of a 12th-century stone wayside cross, originally placed for the use of travellers, for prayer and as a guide post.

Holcombe, Greater Manchester
Holcombe is a village in Ramsbottom ward, Metropolitan Borough of Bury, in Greater Manchester, England. It is situated south of Haslingden, east of Edgworth, west of Ramsbottom, and north of Tottington. The name comes from the Celtic cwm meaning valley, and the Old English hol, meaning deep or hollow.
Why's (poignant) Guide to Ruby
why's (poignant) Guide to Ruby, sometimes called w(p)GtR or just "the poignant guide", is an introductory book to the Ruby programming language, written by why the lucky stiff. The book is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license.

The book is unusual among programming books in that it includes much strange humor and many narrative side tracks which are sometimes completely unrelated to the topic. Many motifs have become inside jokes in the Ruby community, such as references to the words "chunky bacon". The book includes many characters which have become popular as well, particularly the cartoon foxes and Trady Blix, a large black feline friend of why's, who acts as a guide to the foxes (and occasionally teaches them some Ruby).

The book is published in HTML and PDF. Chapter three was reprinted in The Best Software Writing I: Selected and Introduced by Joel Spolsky (Apress, 2005).

Ruby (programming language)
Ruby is a general-purpose programming language. Its design puts an emphasis on programming productivity and simplicity. In Ruby, everything is an object, including primitive data types. Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto started to develop the language in the mid-1990s in Japan.

Ruby is interpreted, high-level, and dynamically typed; its interpreter uses garbage collection and just-in-time compilation. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming. According to the creator, Ruby was influenced by Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, BASIC, and Lisp.
Hossam Hassan
Hossam Hassan Hassanein Hassan (Egyptian Arabic: حسام حسن حسنين حسن; born 10 August 1966) is an Egyptian professional football manager and former player who played as a striker. He is currently the head coach of the Egypt national team. A prolific goal scorer, he is Egypt's all-time top scorer with 69 goals in 177 appearances. His twin brother Ibrahim also played professional football, and they shared teams for most of their extensive careers.

Hassan represented the national team in the 1990 FIFA World Cup and seven Africa Cup of Nations tournaments. He is regarded as one of the best players in African football history and is the 15th most capped player in men's international football. A prolific scorer, he is the 2nd in the list of the Egyptian Premier League's all-time top scorers. Hassan is considered one of his country's best players of all time.

Ibrahim Hassan
Ibrahim Hassan Hassanein Ahmed (Egyptian Arabic: إبراهيم حسن حسنين حسن; born 10 August 1966) is an Egyptian football director and former professional football player who played as a right back. He is currently the director of the Egyptian national team. Ibrahim Hassan has 131 caps for Egypt. His twin brother Hossam also played professional football, and they shared clubs for most of their extensive careers.
Synagogues of Kraków
The synagogues of Kraków are a collection of monuments of Jewish sacred architecture in Poland. The seven main synagogues of the Jewish District of Kazimierz constitute the largest such complex in Europe next to Prague. These are:

The Old Synagogue

Wolf Popper Synagogue

Remah Synagogue

High Synagogue

Izaak Synagogue

Temple Synagogue

Kupa Synagogue

Two other houses of prayer, both from the 19th century, could be classed as synagogues, both of them on Meiselsa street: the B'nea Emun prayer house and the Hevre Tehillim, psalm brotherhood house of prayer.

It was put on the list of UNESCO world heritage sites along with the entire city district in 1978.

Old Synagogue (Kraków)
The Old Synagogue (Polish: Synagoga Stara; Yiddish: דער אַלטער שול) was a former Orthodox Jewish congregation and fortress synagogue, located at 24 Szeroka Street, in the Kazimierz district of Kraków, in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship of Poland.

Designed by Mateo Gucci, the Younger, in the Gothic and Mannerist styles, estimates vary as to when the synagogue was completed, ranging from 1407 to 1570. It is the oldest synagogue building still standing in Poland, and one of the most precious landmarks of Jewish architecture in Europe. The synagogue served as a house of prayer until World War II when it was desecrated by Nazis in 1939. It was one of the city's most important synagogues as well as the main religious, social, and organizational centre of the Kraków Jewish community.

Since 1958, the building has been repurposed as a branch of the Historical Museum of Kraków.
Gudesteus (bishop of Oviedo)
Gudesteus or Gudesteo (died 1008x12) was the tenth bishop of Oviedo. He served as an auxiliary bishop to Bishop Bermudo, perhaps by then old and physically weak, from at least 978 and succeeded him as sole bishop on his death, probably in 992. On folio 49 of the Libro gótico de los testamentos of Oviedo, Bermudo and Gudesteus appear beside each in a miniature illustration.

Pelagius of Oviedo
Pelagius (or Pelayo) of Oviedo (died 28 January 1153) was a medieval ecclesiastic, historian, and forger who served the Diocese of Oviedo as an auxiliary bishop from 1098 and as bishop from 1102 until his deposition in 1130 and again from 1142 to 1143. He was an active and independent-minded prelate, who zealously defended the privileges and prestige of his diocese. During his episcopal tenure he oversaw the most productive scriptorium in Spain, which produced the vast Corpus Pelagianum, to which Pelagius contributed his own Chronicon regum Legionensium ("chronicle of the Kings of León"). His work as a historian is generally reliable, but for the forged, interpolated, and otherwise skilfully altered documents that emanated from his office he has been called el Fabulador ("the Fabulist") and the "prince of falsifiers". It has been suggested that a monument be built in his honour in Oviedo.
Mercator projection
The Mercator projection (/mərˈkeɪtər/) is a conformal cylindrical map projection first presented by Flemish geographer and mapmaker Gerardus Mercator in 1569. In the 18th century, it became the standard map projection for navigation due to its property of representing rhumb lines as straight lines. When applied to world maps, the Mercator projection inflates the size of lands the farther they are from the equator. Therefore, landmasses such as Greenland and Antarctica appear far larger than they actually are relative to landmasses near the equator. Its use for maps other than marine charts declined throughout the 20th century, but resurged in the 21st century due to characteristics favorable for Worldwide Web maps.

Conformal map projection
In cartography, a conformal map projection is one in which every angle between two curves that cross each other on Earth (a sphere or an ellipsoid) is preserved in the image of the projection; that is, the projection is a conformal map in the mathematical sense. For example, if two roads cross each other at a 39° angle, their images on a map with a conformal projection cross at a 39° angle.
Taxation in the Netherlands
Taxation in the Netherlands is defined by the income tax (Wet op de inkomstenbelasting 2001), the wage withholding tax (Wet op de loonbelasting 1964), the value added tax (Wet op de omzetbelasting 1968) and the corporate tax (Wet op de vennootschapsbelasting 1969).

Income tax in the Netherlands
Income tax in the Netherlands (personal, rather than corporate) is regulated by the Wet inkomstenbelasting 2001 (Income Tax Law, 2001).

The fiscal year is the same as the calendar year. Before May 1 citizens have to report their income from the previous year. The system integrates the income tax with fees paid for the general old age pension system (AOW), the pension system for partners of deceased people (ANW), and the national insurance system for special medical care (WLZ).

There are three categories of income, each with their own tax rates. They are referred to as "boxes".
Loughton
Loughton (/ˈlaʊtən/) is a town and civil parish in the Epping Forest District of Essex, England. It is inside the M25 London orbital motorway but lies just outside the administrative boundary of Greater London. It lies 13 miles (21 km) north-east of Charing Cross in central London. The parish has two stations on the Central line of the London Underground: Loughton and Debden. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 33,346.

The parish includes part of the ancient woodland of Epping Forest. Loughton has three conservation areas and 56 listed buildings, together with a further 50 that are locally listed.

The neighbouring parishes are Waltham Abbey, Theydon Bois, Chigwell, and Buckhurst Hill. The parish also borders the London Borough of Waltham Forest near Chingford.

Theydon Bois
Theydon Bois (/ˌθeɪdən ˈbɔɪz, - ˈbɔɪs/ THAY-dən BOYZ, -⁠ BOYSS) is a village and civil parish in the Epping Forest district of Essex, England. It is 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Epping, 1 mile (1.6 km) north-east of Loughton and 6 miles (9.7 km) south of Harlow. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 4,186 and the built up area had a population of 3,419.

Theydon Bois is inside the M25 London orbital motorway, near its junction with the M11 motorway. It is served by Theydon Bois tube station on the Central line of the London Underground, and has one primary school, Theydon Bois Primary School. It lies on the edge of Epping Forest. It also has the Theydon Bois Interchange, and is well known in the area for having no street lights.
The Christmas Hope
The Christmas Hope is a 2009 American-Canadian made-for-television drama film directed by Norma Bailey and starring Madeleine Stowe which was broadcast on Lifetime on December 13, 2009.

The Christmas Hope is the third movie based on a series of ten books by the author. It was preceded by The Christmas Shoes (2002) and The Christmas Blessing (2005). There have been two additional movies made from the series, The Christmas Secret (2014) and The Christmas Note (2015).

The Christmas Blessing
The Christmas Blessing is a 2005 American-Canadian made-for-television romantic drama film directed by Karen Arthur which was broadcast on CBS on December 18, 2005. It also featured songs by country artist Blake Shelton, including the hit "Nobody But Me", and "The Christmas Blessing" by Newsong. It is the second in a series of ten books and the second movie made, preceded by  The Christmas Shoes (2002). There have been three additional movies made from the book series, The Christmas Hope (2009), The Christmas Secret (2014) and The Christmas Note (2015).
William Sharington
Sir William Sharington (born in around 1495, died before 6 July 1553) was an English landowner and merchant, a courtier of the time of Henry VIII, master and embezzler of the Bristol Mint, member of parliament, conspirator, and High Sheriff of Wiltshire.

High Sheriff of Wiltshire
This is a list of the sheriffs and (after 1 April 1974) high sheriffs of Wiltshire.

Until the 14th century, the shrievalty was held ex officio by the castellans of Old Sarum Castle.

On 1 April 1974, under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, the title of Sheriff of Wiltshire was retitled as High Sheriff of Wiltshire.
Essex County Courthouse
The Essex County Courthouse is located at the Essex County Government Complex in Newark, New Jersey, United States. It was built in 1904 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 26, 1975, for its significance in art and architecture.

The building, designed by Cass Gilbert, has a four-story rotunda topped with a Tiffany skylight. It features artwork from some of the most well known artists of the American Renaissance period including Seated Lincoln by Gutzon Borglum.

The main facade is adorned with nine sculptures by Piccirilli Brothers.

The courthouse as it appeared in 1907

Seated Lincoln

Seated Lincoln (Borglum)
Seated Lincoln is a 1911 sculpture by Gutzon Borglum, located next to the Essex County Courthouse in Newark, Essex County, New Jersey. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 30, 1995, for its significance in art.
Dry Fork (Cheat River tributary)
The Dry Fork is a 39.1-mile-long (62.9 km) tributary of the Black Fork of the Cheat River in the Allegheny Mountains of eastern West Virginia, USA.  Via the Black Fork, the Cheat, and the Monongahela and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River.  The Dry Fork flows for much of its length in the Monongahela National Forest and drains mostly rural and forested areas. It was traditionally considered one of the five Forks of Cheat.

Cheat River
The Cheat River is a 78.3-mile-long (126.0 km) tributary of the Monongahela River in eastern West Virginia and southwestern Pennsylvania in the United States. Via the Ohio River, the Cheat and Monongahela are part of the Mississippi River watershed. Owing to the ruggedness of the surrounding Allegheny Mountains, the Cheat remains largely remote with few settlements or developments along its banks. Its headwaters are in the Cheat-Potomac Ranger District of the Monongahela National Forest.
Morten Jensen (football coach)
Morten Christoffer Jensen (born 9 March 1980) is a Norwegian football coach and former player. He is currently head coach of Eliteserien club Viking.

Jensen played youth football at Havørn, Vidar and Viking, in addition to college soccer for the Dowling Golden Lions. His senior career was spent at lower-league clubs Vidar, Havørn, Stavanger IF and Brodd. He started his coaching career with Havørn in 2013. In 2017 he was head coach of Vidar, and from 2018 to 2020 he was an assistant coach at Viking. Since 2021 he has been head coach of Viking alongside Bjarte Lunde Aarsheim.

Bjarte Lunde Aarsheim
Bjarte Andre Lunde Aarsheim (born 14 January 1975) is a Norwegian football coach and former player. He is currently head coach of Eliteserien club Viking.

Having spent most of his playing career at Viking, Lunde Aarsheim is the player with the eighth most appearances for the club. In a playing career that lasted from 1993 to 2012, he also played for Start, Randaberg and Hundvåg, having the role of player-coach at the latter two. In 2001, he made three appearances for the Norway national team. In addition to his coaching roles at Randaberg and Hundvåg, Lunde Aarsheim has also been a coach at Sandnes Ulf and Brodd.

Lunde Aarsheim was nicknamed "Batty" as his style of play was similar to that of English midfielder David Batty.
Nasdaq-100
Nasdaq-100 (NDX) is a stock market index made up of equity securities issued by 100 of the largest non-financial companies listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange. It is a modified capitalization-weighted index. The stocks' weights in the index are based on their market capitalizations, with certain rules capping the influence of the largest components. It is limited to companies from a single exchange, and it does not have any financial companies. The financial companies are in a separate index, the Nasdaq Financial-100.

Nasdaq Financial-100
The Nasdaq Financial-100 (^IXF) is a stock market index operated by Nasdaq tracking the largest financial services companies such as banks, insurers, mortgage lenders, and securities firms. Established in 1985 as a counterpart to the Nasdaq-100, it provides a sector-focused gauge of financial performance within the broader U.S. equity marketplace.
Sea-Horse (folktale)
Sea-Horse (German: Seepferd) is a folktale from Syria, published by author Uwe Kuhr in his book Syrische Märchen ("Syrian Tales"). It deals with the marriage between a human maiden and a bridegroom of supernatural origin who hides under an equine disguise; she betrays his trust, and has to search for him.

It belongs to the international cycle of the Animal as Bridegroom or The Search for the Lost Husband, wherein a human princess marries a supernatural husband, loses him, and goes on a quest to find him. It mostly follows subtype ATU 425D, "The Vanished Husband", which segues into tale type ATU 425B, "The Son of the Witch", thus distantly related to the Graeco-Roman myth of Cupid and Psyche, in that the heroine is forced to perform difficult tasks for a witch or her mother-in-law.

Animal as Bridegroom
In folkloristics, "The Animal as Bridegroom" refers to a group of folk and fairy tales about a human woman marrying or being betrothed to an animal. The animal is revealed to be a human prince in disguise or under a curse. Most of these tales are grouped in the international system of Aarne-Thompson-Uther Index under type ATU 425, "The Search for the Lost Husband". Some subtypes exist in the international classification as independent stories, but they sometimes do not adhere to a fixed typing.
Toronto subway
The Toronto subway is a rapid transit system serving Toronto and the neighbouring city of Vaughan in Ontario, Canada. It is operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC), an agency of the City of Toronto. The system is a rail network consisting of five lines: Line 1 Yonge–University, Line 2 Bloor–Danforth, Line 4 Sheppard, Line 5 Eglinton, and Line 6 Finch West.

In 1954, the TTC opened Canada's first underground rail line, then known as the "Yonge subway" and now part of Line 1, under Yonge Street between Union Station and Eglinton Avenue with 12 stations. As of 2026, the network encompasses 109 stations and 99.4 kilometres (61.8 mi) of route. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 331,789,000, or about 1,079,700 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025, making it the busiest rapid transit system in Canada in terms of daily ridership. As of February 2026, there are 21 stations under construction as part of one new line (the Ontario Line) and two extensions to existing lines.

Toronto Transit Commission
The Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) is the primary public transport agency in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, operating the majority of the city's bus and rail services. It is the oldest and largest of the urban transit service providers in Canada, with numerous connections to systems serving its surrounding municipalities.

Established as the Toronto Transportation Commission in 1921, the TTC owns and operates five rapid transit lines with 109 stations, more than 150 bus routes, and nine streetcar lines. In 2025, the system had a total of 800,212,000 boardings. The TTC is the most heavily used urban transit system in Canada.
Cheyney University
Cheyney University of Pennsylvania (CU) is a public historically black university in Cheyney, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1837 as the Institute for Colored Youth, it is the oldest of all historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in the United States. It is a member of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education and the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. The university offers bachelor's degrees and is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Institute for Colored Youth
The Institute for Colored Youth was founded in 1837 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It became the first college for African-Americans in the United States, although there were schools that admitted African Americans preceding it. At the time, public policy and certain statutory provisions prohibited the education of blacks in various parts of the nation and slavery was entrenched across the south. It was followed by two other black institutions— Lincoln University in Pennsylvania (1854), and Wilberforce University in Ohio (1856). The second site of the Institute for Colored Youth at Ninth and Bainbridge Streets in Philadelphia was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. It is also known as the Samuel J. Randall School. A three-story, three-bay brick building was built for it in 1865, in the Italianate-style After moving to Cheyney, Pennsylvania in Delaware County, Pennsylvania its name was changed to Cheyney University.
Jeff Rubens
Jeff Rubens (born 1941) is an American bridge player, editor, and writer of books including Secrets of Winning Bridge and Expert Bridge Simplified. He is best known for long association with The Bridge World monthly magazine, as co-editor under Edgar Kaplan from 1967 and as editor and publisher since Kaplan's death in 1997. Rubens is from Brooklyn, New York.

Edgar Kaplan
Edgar Kaplan (April 18, 1925 – September 7, 1997) was an American bridge player and one of the principal contributors to the game. His career spanned six decades and covered every aspect of bridge. He was a teacher, author, editor, administrator, champion player, theorist, expert Vugraph commentator, coach/captain and authority on the laws of the game. He was the editor and publisher of The Bridge World magazine for more than 30 years (1967–1997). With Alfred Sheinwold he developed the Kaplan–Sheinwold bidding system. He was from New York City.