hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bergen, New Netherland
Bergen was a part of the 17th century province of New Netherland, in the area in northeastern New Jersey along the Hudson and Hackensack Rivers that would become contemporary Hudson and Bergen Counties. Though it only officially existed as an independent municipality from 1661, with the founding of a village at Bergen Square, Bergen began as a factory at Communipaw circa 1615 and was first settled in 1630 as Pavonia. These early settlements were along the banks of the North River (Hudson River) across from New Amsterdam, under whose jurisdiction they fell.

Bergen Square
Bergen Square, at the intersection of Bergen Avenue and Academy Street in Jersey City, is in the southwestern part of the much larger Journal Square district. A commercial residential area, it contains an eclectic array of architectural styles including 19th-century row houses, Art Deco retail and office buildings, and is the site of the longest continually-used school site in the United States.
Nearby are the Van Wagenen House (sometimes called the Apple Tree House) and Old Bergen Church, two structures from the colonial period. St. George & St. Shenouda Coptic Orthodox Church founded by early Egyptian immigrants was one of the original Coptic congregations in New Jersey.
Diocese of Hålogaland
The Diocese of Hålogaland (Norwegian: Hålogaland bispedømme, historically: Tromsø stift) was a diocese in the Church of Norway. The Diocese covered the Lutheran Church of Norway churches located within all of Northern Norway (including Nordland, Troms, and Finnmark county along with the territory of Svalbard).  The diocese was headquartered in the city of Tromsø at the Tromsø Cathedral.  The diocese was dissolved in 1952 when it was split into the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland and the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland.

Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland
Nord-Hålogaland (Norwegian: Nord-Hålogaland bispedømme) is a diocese in the Church of Norway. It covers the Church of Norway churches in Troms and  Finnmark counties as well as in the territory of Svalbard.  The diocese is seated in the city of Tromsø at the Tromsø Cathedral, the seat of the presiding bishop. After bishop Olav Øygard announced his plans to retire in august 2025, a process to elect a new bishop has been started. In September it was announced, that Stig Lægdene will succeed Øygard and become the 8th bishop of Nord-Hålogaland. Lægdene will be formally appointed as bishop at December 7th 2025 at the Tromsø Cathedral.
1993 "Maize & Blue" University of Michigan Solar Car
The 1993 Maize & Blue solar car was built by the University of Michigan Solar Car Team during the period from 1990 to 1993.

The car was raced in two races.  The car won a national championship in Sunrayce 93, the predecessor race to the North American Solar Challenge. It then went on to finish 11th in the 1993 World Solar Challenge. Maize & Blue is now part of the permanent display at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, Illinois. The car had an evolutionary design descended from the General Motors Sunraycer and the University of Michigan's first generation car, Sunrunner. The car is considered an early example of and demonstration platform for energy efficient automobile design.

University of Michigan Solar Car Team
The University of Michigan Solar Car Team is an engineering project team at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor that designs, builds, and races some of the world's most advanced solar-electric vehicles. Having won the North American Solar Challenge (NASC) ten times (out of a possible thirteen), the team is regarded as the most successful in North America. Internationally, they placed third in the World Solar Challenge (WSC) six times and placed second in 2017 – the best ever achieved by an American collegiate team. Many of the team's 16 vehicles are on display in museums in the United States and abroad.
Grylloblattidae
Grylloblattidae, commonly known as the icebugs or ice crawlers, is a family of extremophile (psychrophile) and wingless insects that live in the cold on top of mountains and the edges of glaciers. They are the only living members of Grylloblattodea, which is generally considered an order. Alternatively, Grylloblattodea, along with Mantophasmatodea (rock crawlers), have been ranked as suborders of the order Notoptera. Grylloblattids are wingless insects mostly less than 3 cm long, with a head resembling that of a cockroach, with long antennae and having elongated cerci arising from the tip of their abdomen. They cannot tolerate warmth—most species will die at 10 °C (50 °F)—and many species have small distribution ranges.

Notoptera
Notoptera, also known as Xenonomia, is a clade of insects belonging to Polyneoptera. It contains two living groups, Mantophasmatidae (gladiators) native to southern Africa, and Grylloblattidae (ice crawlers) native to cold montane environments in the Northern Hemisphere. Both groups are wingless.
218th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)
The 218th Field Artillery Regiment is a Field Artillery Regiment of the United States Army, Oregon Army National Guard.  With lineage tracing back to 1866, it is the oldest National Guard artillery unit west of the Mississippi River continually serving.  Today, its 2nd Battalion (2-218th Field Artillery) is a part of the 41st Infantry Brigade Combat Team and is currently headquartered in Forest Grove, Oregon.

Forest Grove, Oregon
Forest Grove is a city in Washington County, Oregon, United States, 25 miles (40 km) west of Portland, within the Tualatin Valley. Originally a small farm town, it is now primarily a commuter town in the Portland metro area . Settled in the 1840s, the town was platted in 1850, then incorporated in 1872, making it the first city in Washington County.

The population was 26,225 at the 2020 census, an increase of 8% over 2010 figure (21,083).

Pacific University is located here. Old College Hall on campus, and nine other sites in the city, are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Aberdeen Avenue
Aberdeen Avenue is a Lower City minor arterial road in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It starts off just west of Longwood Road South and east of Highway 403 as a two-way thoroughfare up to Queen Street South, where it then switches over to a one-way collector road (eastbound) to Bay Street South and then to another two-way section from Bay Street to James Mountain Road, a mountain-access road in the city near the base of the Niagara Escarpment (mountain).

Queen Street, Hamilton, Ontario
Queen Street is a Lower City arterial road in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It starts off at Beckett Drive, a mountain-access road in the city and is a two-way street up to King Street West and a one-way street (southbound) the rest of the way north up to the Canadian National Railway Yard, where the road turns right, merging with Stuart Street which travels in a west–east direction.
2026 Asian Para Games
The 2026 Asian Para Games (Japanese: 2026年アジアパラ競技大会, romanized: 2026-Nen ajiapara kyōgi taikai), also known as the 5th Asian Para Games and commonly known as Aichi-Nagoya 2026, will be a multi-sport event that parallel the 2026 Asian Games which will be held for Asian athletes with disabilities celebrated around Aichi Prefecture in Japan from 18 to 24 October 2026. Nagoya will be the first Japanese city to host the Asian Para Games. The event is set to return to its traditional four-year cycle, after the 2022 edition was postponed to 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

2026 Asian Games
The 2026 Asian Games (2026年アジア競技大会), also known as 20th Asian Games (第20回アジア競技大会) and Aichi–Nagoya 2026 (愛知/名古屋2026), will be a multi-sport event celebrated around Aichi Prefecture in Japan from 19 September to 4 October 2026. The prefecture capital Nagoya will be the epicenter of the events. Nagoya will be the third Japanese city to host the Asian Games, after Tokyo in 1958 and Hiroshima in 1994. The event is set to return to its traditional four-year cycle, after the 2022 edition was postponed to 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
IRIX
IRIX (/ˈaɪrɪks/, EYE-ricks, a portmanteau of IRIS and UNIX) is a discontinued operating system developed by Silicon Graphics (SGI) to run on the company's proprietary MIPS workstations and servers. It is based on UNIX System V with BSD extensions. In IRIX, SGI originated the XFS file system and the now industry-standard OpenGL graphics API.

UNIX System V
UNIX System V (pronounced: "System Five") is one of the first commercial versions of the Unix operating system. It was originally developed by AT&T and first released in 1983. Four major versions of System V were released, numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4. System V Release 4 (SVR4) was commercially the most successful version, being the result of an effort, marketed as Unix System Unification, which solicited the collaboration of the major Unix vendors. It was the source of several common commercial Unix features. System V is sometimes abbreviated to SysV.

As of 2026, the AT&T-derived Unix market is divided between three System V variants: IBM's AIX, Oracle's Solaris, and the free-software illumos forked from OpenSolaris.
The Bachelor (American TV series) season 28
The twenty-eighth season of The Bachelor premiered on January 22, 2024. This season features 28-year-old Joey Graziadei, a teaching tennis pro from Royersford, Pennsylvania.

Graziadei was the runner-up on the 20th season of The Bachelorette featuring Charity Lawson.

The season concluded on March 25, 2024, with Graziadei choosing to propose to 25-year-old junior project manager Kelsey Anderson.

The Bachelorette (American TV series) season 20
The twentieth season of The Bachelorette premiered on June 26, 2023. This season features 27-year-old Charity Lawson, a child and family therapist from Columbus, Georgia.

Lawson finished in fourth place on the 27th season of The Bachelor featuring Zach Shallcross.

The season concluded on August 21, 2023, with Lawson accepting a proposal from 30-year-old integrative medicine specialist Dotun Olubeko.
Carpinus austrobalcanica
Carpinus austrobalcanica, the southern Balkan hornbeam, is a species of hardwood tree in the family Betulaceae, subfamily Coryloideae, native only to the southern Balkan Peninsula, in particular southern Albania and northwestern Greece. First described in 2024 it is, with the European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and the Oriental hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis), one of three hornbeams native to Europe.

Carpinus orientalis
Carpinus orientalis, known as the Oriental hornbeam, is a species of hornbeam in the birch family Betulaceae, subfamily Coryloideae, native to southeastern Europe and Western Asia. It is quite tolerant of dry conditions, and usually occurs on hot dry sites at lower elevations in comparison to Carpinus betulus (European hornbeam). Together with C. betulus and Carpinus austrobalcanica, it is one of the three hornbeams native to Europe.
Coode Island
Coode Island is a former island at the convergence of the Yarra and Maribyrnong Rivers, 4 km west of central Melbourne, Australia. The island was formed by the excavation of the Coode Canal in 1887, and became connected to the mainland in the 1930s. Today the low-lying land is part of the Port of Melbourne, and is used as the site of Swanson and Appleton Docks and their associated container storage and rail yards, as well as a number of chemical storage facilities.

Coode Canal
Coode Canal is a reach of the lower Yarra River in Melbourne, the capital city of the Australian state of Victoria. The canal was excavated in 1886, as part of harbour improvements designed by Sir John Coode to improve access for ships to Melbourne's main river docks. It created Coode Island and caused the shallow, narrow and winding Fishermans Bend to be cut off along with other sections of the river including Humbug Reach and the original junction with the Maribyrnong River (or Saltwater River).

Coode Canal and Victoria Dock received an  Engineering Heritage Marker from Engineers Australia as part of its Engineering Heritage Recognition Program.
LizardFS
LizardFS is an open source distributed file system that is POSIX-compliant and licensed under GPLv3. It was released in 2013 as fork of MooseFS. LizardFS is also offering a paid technical support (Standard, Enterprise and Enterprise Plus) with possibility of configurating and setting up the cluster and active cluster monitoring.

LizardFS is a distributed, scalable and fault-tolerant file system. The file system is designed so that it is possible to add more disks and servers “on the fly”, without the need for any server reboots or shutdowns.

Clustered file system
A clustered file system (CFS) is a file system which is shared by being simultaneously mounted on multiple servers.  There are several approaches to clustering, most of which do not employ a clustered file system (only direct attached storage for each node).  Clustered file systems can provide features like location-independent addressing and redundancy which improve reliability or reduce the complexity of the other parts of the cluster.  Parallel file systems are a type of clustered file system that spread data across multiple storage nodes, usually for redundancy or performance.
7th Wing (Israel)
The 7th Wing is the special air forces wing of the Israeli Air Force. It is composed of three combat units Unit 669, Shaldag Unit, and Unit 5700. The wing's headquarters is based at the Palmachim Airbase.

Unit 669
The Unit 669 (Hebrew: יחידה טקטית לחילוץ מיוחד 669, romanized: Yechida Taktit LeChilu'tz Meyuchad 669, lit. 'Tactical unit for special rescue') is a heliborne combat search and rescue extraction unit, subordinate to the 7th Wing of the Israeli Air Force.

It is based at Tel Nof Airbase with CH-53D Sea Stallion Yas'ur helicopters and Palmachim Airbase with UH-60 Black Hawk Yanshuf helicopters.
Wilmington Grammar School for Boys
Wilmington Grammar School for Boys (WGSB) is a selective grammar school with academy status in Wilmington, Kent.

From 1954 to 1982, the school was called Dartford Technical High School

The uniform consists of navy blue blazers, white shirts, grey or black trousers and different ties for each house within the school.. Suits are worn in the sixth form. The school is situated directly alongside Wilmington Academy and has multiple bus services that also serve Dartford Grammar School for Girls, Dartford Grammar School, Wilmington Grammar School for Girls and Wilmington Academy.

Wilmington Grammar School for Girls
Wilmington Grammar School for Girls (WGSG), previously known as the Grammar School for Girls Wilmington, is a grammar school with academy status in Wilmington, Kent, England. The uniform consists of maroon blazers, maroon jumpers and skirts/black trousers, with blue shirts. The school is a member of the WHS partnership, so has a close relationship with the next-door Wilmington Grammar School for Boys, as well as Wilmington Academy and Oasis Academy Hextable.
Free Church of Tonga
The Free Church of Tonga (Tongan: Siasi ʻo Tonga Tauʻatāina) is a non-denominational Christian church in the Kingdom of Tonga. The Church was established in 1885 by King George Tupou I and his government at Lifuka, Ha'apai, as a nationalist reaction to attempts at colonising the Friendly Isles (as Tonga was known at the time). In 1924, its membership was enlarged by the admittance of the entirety of the Wesleyan Church of Tonga, whose district synod voted to reconcile with the Free Church. This union was rejected by the former President, Jabez B. Watkin, and a minority who continued under the old banner long after the united Church had reverted to its original name, the Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga. The Free Church name is now synonymous with the group that repudiated the church union of 1924.

Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga
The Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga (FWCT; Tongan: Siasi Uēsiliana Tau‘atāina ‘o Tonga) is a Methodist denomination in Tonga. It is the largest Christian denomination in the nation and has close ties with the Monarch. It has its roots in the arrival of the first missionaries from the London Missionary Society and the ministry of the Wesleyan Methodist Mission Society, the latter of which cemented its Methodist identity.

The Tongan Royal Family has had a close relationship with the denomination since the arrival of Christianity on the island, and many of them have been prominent members; thus, with these factors, the FWCT can be considered a de facto state church.
9th Inning
"9th Inning" is a song by American rapper Missy Elliott featuring a guest appearance by childhood friend and longtime collaborator Timbaland. Originally, a snippet was released on Elliott's official website on September 10, 2012. This song, along with the accompanying "Triple Threat", made its full debut via Ustream on September 17, 2012, and were both released as promotional singles on September 18, 2012.

Triple Threat (Missy Elliott song)
"Triple Threat" is a song by American rapper Missy Elliott featuring a guest appearance by childhood friend and longtime collaborator Timbaland. Originally, a snippet of the song premiered in March 2012 during Timbaland's appearance on SXSW. This song, along with the accompanying "9th Inning," were both released as promotional singles on September 18, 2012.
Russell v Northern Bank Development Corp Ltd
Russell v Northern Bank Development Corp Ltd [1992] 1 WLR 588 is a leading case on shareholders' rights in the United Kingdom in which the House of Lords held that a private shareholders' agreement could not fetter a company's statutory powers but could bind the voting rights of those parties to the agreement.

Shareholders in the United Kingdom
Shareholders in the United Kingdom are people and organisations who buy shares in UK companies. In large companies, such as those on the FTSE100, shareholders are overwhelmingly large institutional investors, such as pension funds, insurance companies, mutual funds or similar foreign organisations. UK shareholders have the most favourable set of rights in the world in their ability to control directors of corporations. UK company law gives shareholders the ability to,

remove the board of directors with a simple majority of votes

change the company constitution with a three quarter vote (unless a higher figure is in the constitution)

wind up (i.e. liquidate) the company with a three quarter vote

veto any sale of a significant percentage of company assets

veto by a majority any restriction on ability to freely trade their shares, such as a poison pill

Shareholders also owe one another duties, and owe duties under the Stewardship Code to exercise their voting power.
Holm–Bonferroni method
In statistics, the Holm–Bonferroni method, also called the Holm method or Bonferroni–Holm method, is used to counteract the problem of multiple comparisons. It is intended to control the family-wise error rate (FWER) and offers a simple test uniformly more powerful than the Bonferroni correction. It is named after Sture Holm, who codified the method, and Carlo Emilio Bonferroni.

Multiple comparisons problem
Multiple comparisons, multiplicity or multiple testing problem occurs when many statistical tests are performed on the same dataset. Each test has its own chance of a Type I error (false positive), so the overall probability of making at least one false positive increases as the number of tests grows. In statistics, this occurs when one simultaneously considers a set of statistical inferences or estimates a subset of selected parameters based on observed values.

The probability of false positives is measured through the family-wise error rate (FWER). The larger the number of inferences made in a series of tests, the more likely erroneous inferences become.  Several statistical techniques have been developed to compensate for the number of inferences being made—for example, by requiring a stricter significance threshold for individual comparisons.
Serpierite
Serpierite (Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O) is a rare, sky-blue coloured hydrated sulfate mineral, often found as a post-mining product. It is a member of the devilline group, which has members aldridgeite (Cd,Ca)(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O, campigliaite Cu4Mn2+(SO4)2(OH)6·4H2O, devilline CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O, kobyashevite Cu5(SO4)2(OH)6·4H2O, lautenthalite PbCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O and an unnamed dimorph of devilline.  It is the calcium analogue of aldridgeite and it is dimorphous with orthoserpierite CaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O.

It was discovered in 1881 and named by Alfred Des Cloizeaux in honour of Giovanni Battista Serpieri. Serpieri was an Italian revolutionary, engineer and mining entrepreneur who developed mines in the Lavrion area of Greece and founded the Montecatini Company. He was born in Italy in 1832 and died in Greece in 1897.

Sulfate mineral
The sulfate minerals are a class of minerals that include the sulfate ion (SO2−4) within their structure. The sulfate minerals occur commonly in primary evaporite depositional environments, as gangue minerals in hydrothermal veins and as secondary minerals in the oxidizing zone of sulfide mineral deposits. The chromate and manganate minerals have a similar structure and are often included with the sulfates in mineral classification systems.

Sulfate minerals include:

Anhydrous sulfates
Barite BaSO4
Celestite SrSO4
Anglesite PbSO4
Anhydrite CaSO4
Hanksite Na22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl

Hydroxide and hydrous sulfates
Gypsum CaSO4·2H2O
Chalcanthite CuSO4·5H2O
Kieserite MgSO4·H2O
Starkeyite MgSO4·4H2O
Hexahydrite MgSO4·6H2O
Epsomite MgSO4·7H2O
Meridianiite MgSO4·11H2O
Melanterite FeSO4·7H2O
Antlerite Cu3SO4(OH)4
Brochantite Cu4SO4(OH)6
Alunite KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6
Jarosite KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6
Löweite Na12Mg7(SO4)13·15H2O
Sabazios Glacier
Sabazios Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Сабазий, romanized: lednik Sabaziy, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik sɐˈbazij]) is the 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) long and 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) wide glacier on the east side of northern Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It is situated south of Newcomer Glacier, west of Anchialus Glacier, north of Embree Glacier, and east of Zhenda Glacier and Skaklya Glacier.  The glacier drains the east slopes of Mount Alf and Mount Sharp, and the north slopes of the side ridge that trends 9.15 km from Mount Dalrymple on the main crest of Sentinel Range east-northeast to Robinson Pass, flows northwards and joins Newcomer Glacier northwest of Mount Lanning in Sostra Heights.

The glacier is named after the Thracian god Sabazios.

Zhenda Glacier
Zhenda Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Женда, romanized: lednik Zhenda, IPA: [ˈlɛdniɡ ˈʒɛndɐ]) is the 8 km long and 4.8 km wide glacier on the east side of the main crest of northern Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica.  It is situated west of Sabazios Glacier and southeast of Skaklya Glacier.  The glacier drains the northeast slopes of Mount Sharp and the east slopes of Mount Barden, flows northeastwards and together with Skaklya Glacier joins Sabazios Glacier west of Mount Lanning in Sostra Heights.

The glacier is named after the settlement of Zhenda in Southern Bulgaria.
Keikyä
Keikyä is a former municipality of Finland in the former Turku and Pori Province, now in Pirkanmaa. Together with Kiikka, it formed the Äetsä municipality in 1981, which formed the Sastamala municipality with Vammala and Mouhijärvi in 2009.

Its seat was in Pehula, while the church was located in the village of Keikyä.

Kiikka
Kiikka is a former municipality in the Pirkanmaa region of Finland. It was consolidated in 1981 with Keikyä into the municipality of Äetsä, which in turn was consolidated with Vammala and Mouhijärvi into the town of Sastamala in 2009. Kiikka is located by the river Kokemäenjoki, about 10 kilometres south of the Sastamala town center.