hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A4113 road
The A4113 road is a single-carriageway road that runs from Knighton in Powys to Bromfield in Shropshire, United Kingdom, passing through north Herefordshire.

From Knighton (and the A488) it heads east along the southern side of the Teme valley (heading downstream), crossing the England–Wales border into Herefordshire, then across the River Teme via Leintwardine Bridge (at 119 metres (390 ft) above sea level). The route then follows a Roman Road north through the Roman village of Leintwardine, leaving the Teme behind.

From Leintwardine the route heads rapidly up into the Leintwardine hills, passing at 242 metres (794 ft) above sea level, before descending into Shropshire and terminating at Bromfield (A49), 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of Ludlow, at an elevation of 91 metres (299 ft) and also returning close to the River Teme. In total the A4113 is 14.0 miles (22.5 km) in length.

A49 road
The A49 is an A road in western England, which traverses the Welsh Marches region.  It runs north from Ross-on-Wye in Herefordshire via Hereford, Leominster, Ludlow, Shrewsbury and Whitchurch, then continues through central Cheshire to Warrington and Wigan before terminating at its junction with the A6 road just south of Bamber Bridge, near the junction of the M6, M65 and M61 motorways.

As is hinted at by the way the place name of Stretton recurs along its route, its central part follows Iter XII of the Roman Antonine Itinerary.

The stretch between Ross-on-Wye and the A5 at Shrewsbury is a trunk road, maintained by National Highways.
Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein
Franz Joseph II (Franz Josef Maria Alois Alfred Karl Johannes Heinrich Michael Georg Ignaz Benediktus Gerhardus Majella; 16 August 1906 – 13 November 1989) was the reigning Prince of Liechtenstein from 25 July 1938 until his death in November 1989.

Franz Joseph was the son of Prince Alois of Liechtenstein and Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria. He succeeded his childless grand-uncle, Prince Franz I, after his father renounced his right of succession in his favour in 1923. He was an extremely popular sovereign in Liechtenstein. He was the first ruling prince to live full-time in the principality. He also oversaw the economic development of Liechtenstein from a poor agricultural backwater into one of the richest countries (per capita) in the world.

Prince Alois of Liechtenstein (1869–1955)
Prince Alois of Liechtenstein (Alois Gonzaga Maria Adolf; 17 June 1869 – 16 March 1955) was the son of Prince Alfred of Liechtenstein (1842–1907) and Princess Henriette of Liechtenstein (1843–1931), daughter of Alois II of Liechtenstein.
NRP Dom Francisco de Almeida
HNLMS Van Galen (F834) (Dutch: Hr.Ms. Van Galen) is a ship of the Karel Doorman class of multi-purpose frigates of the Royal Netherlands Navy. Built by the shipyard Koninklijke Schelde Groep in Vlissingen. The ship is named after captain and convoy commander Johan van Galen and served from 1994 to 2008  with the Dutch navy. The radio call sign of the frigate was "PAMG".
In 2009 HNLMS Van Galen was sold to Portugal. The ship was transferred in 2010 to the Portuguese Navy, where the ship was put into service as the NRP Dom Francisco de Almeida (F334).

HNLMS Van Galen is one of eight Karel Doorman-class frigates and built at the Koninklijke Schelde Groep yard in Vlissingen. The keel laying took place on 7 June 1990 and the launching on 21 November 1992. The ship was put into service on 1 December 1994. The ship participated in the UNIFIL mission off the coast of Lebanon.

Karel Doorman-class frigate
The Karel Doorman-class frigates are a series of eight multi-purpose vessels built for the Royal Netherlands Navy. The class takes its name from the lead ship, whose namesake is Karel Doorman, a Dutch naval officer who went down with his ship at the Battle of the Java Sea in 1942.
Stephen Dodd
Stephen Christopher Dodd (born 15 July 1966) is a Welsh professional golfer who after a moderate career, unexpectedly won two events on the European Tour in the 2005 season at the age of 38 and won a third time in 2006. He also won the 2005 WGC-World Cup in partnership with Bradley Dredge. Since turning 50 he has won four times on the European Senior Tour, including the 2021 Senior Open Championship.

Bradley Dredge
Bradley Dredge (born 6 July 1973) is a Welsh professional golfer who plays on the European Tour. He has won twice on the tour, the 2003 Madeira Island Open and the 2006 Omega European Masters, both by 8 strokes. He also won the 2005 WGC-World Cup in partnership with Stephen Dodd.
Desert kangaroo rat
The desert kangaroo rat (Dipodomys deserti) is a rodent species in the family Heteromyidae that is found in desert areas of southwestern North America. It is one of the large kangaroo rats, with a total length greater than 12 inches (300 mm) and a mass greater than 3.2 ounces (91 g).

Kangaroo rat
Kangaroo rats, small mostly nocturnal rodents of genus Dipodomys, are native to arid areas of western North America. The common name derives from their bipedal form. They hop in a manner similar to the much larger kangaroo, but developed this mode of locomotion independently, like several other clades of rodents (e.g., dipodids and hopping mice).
VxD
VxD is the device driver model used in Microsoft Windows/386 2.x, the 386 enhanced mode of Windows 3.x, Windows 9x, and to some extent also by the Novell DOS 7, OpenDOS 7.01, and DR-DOS 7.02 (and higher) multitasker (TASKMGR). VxDs have access to the memory of the kernel and all running processes, as well as raw access to the hardware. Starting with Windows 98, Windows Driver Model was the recommended driver model to write drivers for, with the VxD driver model still being supported for backward compatibility, until Windows Me.

Windows Driver Model
In computing, the Windows Driver Model  (WDM) –  also known at one point as the Win32 Driver Model –  is a framework for device drivers that was introduced with Windows 98 and Windows 2000 to replace VxD, which was used on older versions of Windows such as Windows 95 and Windows 3.1, as well as the Windows NT Driver Model.
Consett Iron Company
The Consett Iron Company Ltd was an industrial business based in the Consett area of County Durham in the United Kingdom. The company owned coal mines and limestone quarries, and manufactured iron and steel. It was registered on 4 April 1864 as successor to the Derwent and Consett Iron Company. This in turn was the successor to the Derwent Iron Company, founded in 1840.

The company's seven collieries and various coke ovens came into the ownership of the National Coal Board, when British coal companies were nationalised in 1947. The Consett Iron Company itself was nationalised in 1951, becoming part of the Iron and Steel Corporation of Great Britain. It was denationalised shortly afterwards, then renationalised in 1967. The Consett Iron Company was absorbed into British Steel Corporation in 1967, and the location became known as the Consett Steel Works. British Steel Consett Works was closed in 1980.

British Steel (1967–1999)
British Steel was a major British steel producer. It originated from the nationalised British Steel Corporation (BSC), formed in 1967, which was privatised as a public limited company, British Steel plc, in 1988. It was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. The company merged with Koninklijke Hoogovens to form Corus Group in 1999.
Counties 3 Hertfordshire
Counties 3 Hertfordshire (formerly Counties 3 Herts/Middlesex and before that Herts/Middlesex 1) is a tier 9 English Rugby Union league.  It is organised by the London and South East Division Rugby Football Union for clubs in Hertfordshire and parts of north-west London that traditionally was encompassed by the historic county of Middlesex.  Promotion is to Counties 2 Hertfordshire relegation is to the Hertfordshire RFU merit leagues.

Historically the league was a level 8 league but following the RFU's Adult Competition Review, from season 2022-23 it became a level 9 competition and adopted the name Counties 3 Herts/Middlesex, however ahead of the 2025-26 season a decision was taken to split out Hertfordshire RFU and Middlesex RFU clubs.

Hertfordshire Rugby Football Union
The Hertfordshire Rugby Football Union is the governing body for the sport of rugby union in the county of Hertfordshire in England. The union is the constituent body of the Rugby Football Union (RFU) for Hertfordshire, and administers and organises rugby union clubs and competitions in the county.  It also administers the Hertfordshire county rugby representative teams.
Leti language (Cameroon)
Leti, or Mangisa, is a Bantu language of Cameroon, spoken by the Mengisa people.  Most Mengisa have switched to the Eton language, though a number of them continue to use Leti as a secret ritual language.  A smaller number speak Leti as their mother tongue.

Leti is quite close to Tuki and may be a dialect. It is also closely related to Eton.

Mengisa is spoken in the northern part of Sa'a commune (in Lekié department, Central Region).

Eton language
Eton, or Ìtón, is a Bantu language spoken by the Eton people of Cameroon.

It is mutually intelligible with Ewondo, a fact which may have delayed its study for some time.

Eton speakers inhabit the Lekié department of the Centre Region of Cameroon, an area north of the capital Yaoundé bounded in the north by the Sanaga River.

Ethnologue cites four dialects of Eton, but its speakers generally distinguish two, a northern and a southern dialect, the latter of which is closer to the Ewondo language.

The Mengisa people have largely switched to Eton. A small number continue to speak their ancestral language, Leti. It is not clear if the ISO code for "Mengisa" refers to Eton or Leti; Ethnologue classifies Mengisa with Eton, but the code is likely based on Guthrie, who classified it with Leti.
Biscuit
A biscuit is a flour-based baked food item. Biscuits are typically hard, flat, and unleavened. They are usually sweet and may be made with sugar, chocolate, icing, jam, ginger, or cinnamon. Savoury biscuits are called crackers.

Types of biscuit include biscotti, sandwich biscuits (such as custard creams), digestive biscuits, ginger biscuits, shortbread biscuits, chocolate chip cookies, Anzac biscuits, and speculaas.

The term "biscuit" is used in many English-speaking countries. In the United States and parts of Canada, sweet biscuits are nearly always called "cookies" and savoury biscuits are called "crackers".

Shortbread
Shortbread or shortie is a traditional Scottish biscuit usually made from one part white sugar, two parts butter and three to four parts plain wheat flour. Shortbread does not contain leavening, such as baking powder or baking soda. Shortbread is widely associated with Christmas and Hogmanay festivities in Scotland, and some Scottish brands are exported around the world.
God the Father
God the Father is a title given to God in Christianity. In mainstream trinitarian Christianity, God the Father is regarded as the First Person of the Trinity, followed by the Second Person, Jesus Christ the Son, and the Third Person, the Holy Spirit. Since the second century, Christian creeds included affirmation of belief in "God the Father (Almighty)", primarily in his capacity as "Father and creator of the universe".

Christians take the concept of God as the father of Jesus Christ metaphysically further than the concept of God as the creator and father of all people, as indicated in the Apostles' Creed where the expression of belief in the "Father almighty, creator of heaven and earth" is immediately, but separately, followed by "and in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord", thus expressing both senses of fatherhood.

God the Son
God the Son (Greek: Θεὸς ὁ Υἱός, Latin: Deus Filius) or God the Word (Greek: Θεὸς ὁ Λόγος, Latin: Deus Verbum) is the second Person of the Trinity in Christian theology. According to mainstream Christian doctrine, God the Son, in the form of Jesus Christ, is the incarnation of the eternal, pre-existent divine Logos (Koine Greek for "word") through whom all things were created. Although the precise term "God the Son" does not appear in the Bible, it serves as a theological designation expressing the understanding of Jesus as a part of the Trinity, distinct yet united in essence with God the Father and God the Holy Spirit (the first and third Persons of the Trinity respectively).

The Son is the radiance of God’s glory and the exact representation of His being, sustaining all things by His powerful Word. After He had provided purification for sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty in heaven.
Hongik University
Hongik University (Korean: 홍익대학교; colloquially as Hongdae) is a private university in Mapo, Seoul, South Korea. It was founded in 1946. The university also maintains a branch campus in Sejong City. The university's colloquial name, "Hongdae," is a metonymy for the neighborhood, Hongdae area.

Mapo District
Mapo District (Korean: 마포구; RR: Mapo-gu) is one of the 25 districts of Seoul, South Korea. Mapo has a population of 381,330 (2015) and has a geographic area of 23.87 km2 (9.22 sq mi), and is divided into 24 dong (administrative neighborhoods). Mapo is located in western Seoul on the northern bank of the Han River, bordering the Gyeonggi Province city of Goyang to the northwest, and the Seoul city districts of Gangseo to the west, Yeongdeungpo to the south, Yongsan to the southeast, Jung to the east, and Seodaemun and Eunpyeong to the north.

Mapo is home to several universities and government buildings, and is well known for the Hongdae club district around Hongik University. Mapo is connected to the Seoul Metropolitan Subway's Line 2, Line 5, and Line 6, as well as the Airport Railroad, and the Korail Gyeongui-Jungang Line, which all pass through this district. The Seoul World Cup Stadium, a famous landmark in Seoul, is located in Sangam in northwest Mapo.
Blues scale
The term blues scale refers to several different scales with differing numbers of pitches and related characteristics. A blues scale is often formed by the addition of an out-of-key "blue note" to an existing scale, notably the flat fifth addition to the minor pentatonic scale or the addition of the minor third to a major pentatonic scale. However, the heptatonic blues scale can be considered a major scale with altered intervals.

Blue note
In jazz and blues, a blue note (or worried note) is a note that—for expressive purposes—is sung or played at a slightly different pitch from standard.  Typically the alteration is between a quartertone and a semitone, but this varies depending on the musical context.
Hille–Yosida theorem
In functional analysis in mathematics, the Hille–Yosida theorem characterizes the generators of strongly continuous one-parameter semigroups of linear operators on Banach spaces. It is sometimes stated for the special case of contraction semigroups, with the general case being called the Feller–Miyadera–Phillips theorem (after William Feller, Isao Miyadera, and Ralph Phillips). The contraction semigroup case is widely used in the theory of Markov processes. In other scenarios, the closely related Lumer–Phillips theorem is often more useful in determining whether a given operator generates a strongly continuous contraction semigroup. The Hille–Yosida theorem is named after mathematicians Einar Hille and Kōsaku Yosida, who independently proved it around 1948.

C0-semigroup
In mathematical analysis, a C0-semigroup, also known as a strongly continuous one-parameter semigroup, is a generalization of the exponential function. Just as exponential functions provide solutions of scalar linear constant coefficient ordinary differential equations, strongly continuous semigroups provide solutions of linear constant coefficient ordinary differential equations in Banach spaces. Such differential equations in Banach spaces arise from e.g. delay differential equations and partial differential equations.

Formally, a strongly continuous semigroup is a representation of the semigroup (R+, +) on some Banach space X that is continuous in the strong operator topology.
Batangas City Tanduay Rum Masters
The Batangas City Tanduay Rum Masters are a professional basketball team based in Batangas City, Batangas. The team competes in the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL) as a member of the league's South Division. The team splits its home games between Batangas City Sports Coliseum and FPJ Arena in San Jose.

They joined in 2018 as one of the founding teams of the MPBL. The team first went by the Batangas City Athletics, before changing to Batangas City Embassy Chill in 2022. They then renamed to the Tanduay Rum Masters in 2024. They clinched the inaugural championship in 2018. The Rum Masters are based in Calabarzon and since its establishment have been backed by the Tanduay Distillers as part of the company's athletics program. The Batangas City franchise has also played in the FilBasket.

2018 MPBL finals
The 2018 MPBL finals, also known as the MPBL Anta-Rajah Cup finals, was the championship series of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League's (MPBL) inaugural 2018 season and the conclusion of the season's playoffs. In the best-of-five playoff, the Batangas City Athletics defeated the Muntinlupa Cagers, 3–1, as they were crowned the inaugural MPBL champions. Val Acuña is also named the inaugural MPBL Finals MVP.

First-seeded Batangas City (8–1) had homecourt advantage heading into the finals, having the better record as opposed to third-seeded Muntinlupa (6–3). As of 2023, it is the only finals appearance for either team.
Death End Request
Death End Request (stylized Death end re;Quest) is a role-playing video game developed by Compile Heart and published by Idea Factory. It was released for the PlayStation 4 in Japan in April 2018 and worldwide in February 2019, for Windows in May 2019, and for Nintendo Switch in April 2021. A sequel, Death End Request 2, was released in the same regions and platforms across 2021 and 2022.

Death End Request 2
Death End Request 2 (stylized as Death end re;Quest 2) is an hybrid Japanese role-playing and visual novel video game developed by Compile Heart and published by Idea Factory. The game released worldwide for Windows and PlayStation 4 in August 2020, and was ported to the Nintendo Switch in 2021. The game is largely a stand-alone story from its predecessor, Death End Request.
Haseena Moin
Haseena Moin (Urdu: حسینہ معین) (20 November 1941 – 26 March 2021) was a Pakistani dramatist, playwright and scriptwriter. She wrote several plays for stage, radio, and television. She was the recipient of the Pride of Performance award for her services to the performing arts in Pakistan. She wrote Pakistan Television's first original script Kiran Kahani aired in the early 1970s. PTV had previously relied upon novel-based scripts for its dramas. She was considered to be the best Urdu playwright and dramatist Pakistan has ever witnessed.

Some of the dramas she wrote include Ankahi, Tanhaiyaan, Kiran Kahani, Dhoop Kinaray, Aahat, Uncle Urfi, Shehzori, Kohar, Des Pardes, Pal Do Pal, Aansoo, Kasak, Parchaiyan and Parosi. Other works include Mere Dard ko Jo Zuban Milay, Kaisa Yeh Junoon, Dhundle Raste, Shayad ke Bahar Aaye, Mohim Joo, Tum Se Mil Kar, Bandish and Zair, Zabar, Pesh.

Dhoop Kinare
Dhoop Kinare (Urdu: دھوپ کنارے, lit. 'at the edge of sunshine') is a Pakistani television series broadcast on PTV in 1987 and is now considered one of the all-time favourite TV shows in Pakistan. The show centers on a team of doctors in a hospital in Karachi and revolves around their routines at the hospital and their private lives at home. The show starred Rahat Kazmi and Marina Khan in lead roles, was directed by Sahira Kazmi and written by Haseena Moin.

In the early days of PTV, drama serials were usually applauded for being richly diverse in their plots and direction. They were appreciated in Pakistan and their quality content was cherished in neighbouring India as well. A long list of such dramas may usually include Dhoop Kinare. The serial has successfully retained its appeals for two decades amid numerous re-runs. This serial is said to have promoted the careers of Rahat Kazmi and Marina Khan as the most-sought-after stars in the Pakistani television industry.
IsoDMT
isoDMT, also known as N,N-dimethylisotryptamine, is a putatively non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist and psychoplastogen of the isotryptamine group. It is the isotryptamine homologue of dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a more well-known serotonergic psychedelic of the tryptamine family, and represents a small structural modification of DMT.

Substituted isotryptamine
Substituted isotryptamines, or simply isotryptamines, also known as 2-(1-indolyl)ethylamines, are a group of indoles closely related to the tryptamines but with the ethylamine side chain located at the 1 position of the indole ring system rather than at the 3 position as in tryptamines. Hence, they are positional isomers of tryptamines.

A variety of isotryptamines have been studied and described, including serotonergic psychedelics and psychoplastogens like 6-MeO-isoDMT; non-hallucinogenic psychoplastogens like isoDMT, 5-MeO-isoDMT, and zalsupindole (DLX-001; AAZ-A-154); serotonin 5-HT2C receptor agonists like (S)-5,6-difluoro-isoAMT, Ro60-0175 ((S)-5-fluoro-6-chloro-isoAMT), and PNU-181731; serotonin 5-HT6 receptor modulators; and dual monoamine releasing agents and serotonin receptor agonists like isoAMT (PAL-569).

JRT is the isotryptamine analogue of LSD and may be considered a cyclized isotryptamine.
Stephen Amritraj
Stephen Amritraj (born March 28, 1984) is an Indian-American former professional tennis player, who represented India in international tournaments. He is the nephew of Vijay Amritraj, and son of Anand Amritraj.

Amritraj is the son of former world tour player Anand Amritraj and paternal cousin of fellow former pro Prakash Amritraj, who also represented India. He played high school tennis at Crespi Carmelite High School in Encino, California, and NCAA college tennis for Duke University.

Amritraj's career high singles ranking is world No. 973, which he reached in June 2007.

Amritraj is married to American professional tennis player Alison Riske.

Anand Amritraj
Anand Amritraj (born 20 March 1951) is an Indian former tennis player and businessman. He, along with brother Vijay Amritraj, led India into the 1974 Davis Cup finals against South Africa, and was a part of the Indian team captained by Vijay Amritraj which reached the final of the Davis Cup in 1987 against Sweden.
Hanawa Line
The Hanawa Line (花輪線, Hanawa-sen) is a railway line in Japan linking Kōma Station in Morioka, Iwate Prefecture and Ōdate Station in Ōdate, Akita Prefecture, Japan. The line extends 106.9 km (66.4 mi) with a total of 27 stations. Also known as the Towada-Hachimantai Shikisai Line (十和田八幡平四季彩ライン), the Hanawa Line is operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

Kōma Station (Iwate)
Kōma Station (好摩駅, Kōma-eki) is a railway station in the city of  Morioka, Iwate Prefecture Japan, jointly operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) and the operated by the third sector Iwate Ginga Railway Company.