hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Methysticin
Methysticin is one of the six major kavalactones found in the kava plant. It enhances the activity of the GABAA receptor, acting as a positive modulator without affecting the benzodiazepine binding site. This effect is attributed to structural features such as its angular lactone ring and is similar in strength to other kavalactones like kavain and dihydromethysticin. Methysticin also induces the liver enzyme CYP1A1, which plays a role in the toxification of benzo[a]pyrene into a highly carcinogenic metabolite, although such induction has not been observed in vivo in humans or animals. Additionally, methysticin is a mechanism-based inactivator of CYP2C9, irreversibly inhibiting the enzyme through NADPH-dependent reactive intermediates, suggesting potential interactions with medications metabolized by CYP2C9.

Kavalactone
Kavalactones are a class of lactone compounds found in kava roots and Alpinia zerumbet (shell ginger) and in several Gymnopilus, Phellinus and Inonotus fungi.  Some kavalactones are bioactive. They are responsible for the psychoactive, analgesic, euphoric and sedative effects of kava.
Mary Lee Fitzhugh Custis
Mary Lee "Molly" Fitzhugh Custis (April 22, 1788 – April 23, 1853) was an American Episcopal lay leader in Alexandria County, Virginia in present-day Arlington County. She was the mother of Mary Anna Randolph Custis, who was the wife of Confederate general Robert E. Lee. In the early 1820s, Custis helped form a coalition of women who sought to abolish slavery.

William Fitzhugh
William Fitzhugh (August 24, 1741 – June 6, 1809) was an American planter, legislator and patriot during the American Revolutionary War who served as a delegate to the Continental Congress for Virginia in 1779, as well as many terms in the House of Burgesses and both houses of the Virginia General Assembly following the Commonwealth's formation. His Stafford County home, Chatham Manor, is on the National Register for Historic Places and serves as the National Park Service Headquarters for the Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park.
R.R.C. Peruwelz
Royal Racing Club Péruwelz was a Belgian association football club from the city of Péruwelz, Hainaut founded in 1922. They played at Verte Chasse, Péruwelz in the third division B until 2010–11 season when they moved to nearby Mouscron as part of an arrangement that saw them merged with the recently bankrupt R.E. Mouscron. The new club is known as Royal Mouscron-Péruwelz.

R.E. Mouscron
Royal Excelsior Mouscron was a Belgian football club from the municipality of Mouscron, Hainaut. In December 2009 they were declared bankrupt and soon ceased to exist. A new club known as Royal Excel Mouscron was formed in March 2010 and placed in the Belgian Third Division.
Frederick Kimble
Frederick von Harten Kimble (10 August 1895 – 19 August 1978) was a United States Air Force brigadier general. Kimble graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, in June 1918 with the lowest grades in his class. He was commissioned in the Infantry Branch but transferred to the United States Army Air Corps in 1926. During World War II, he commanded the Air Corps Advanced Flying School where the Tuskegee Airmen were trained, and the island of Tinian, from which the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were launched.

Tinian Naval Base
Tinian Naval Advanced Base was a major United States Navy sea and air base on Tinian Island, part of the Northern Mariana Islands on the east side of the Philippine Sea in the Pacific Ocean. The base was built during World War II to support bombers and patrol aircraft in the Pacific War. The main port was built at the city and port of San Jose, also called Tinian Harbor. All construction was carried out by the Navy's Seabees 6th Naval Construction Brigade, including the main two airfields: West Field and North Field, serving the United States Army Air Forces's long-range Boeing B-29 Superfortress bombers. The Navy disestablished the Tinian Naval Advanced Base on 1 December 1946.
Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.

Perm Oblast
Until 1 December 2005, Perm Oblast (Russian: Пе́рмская о́бласть) was a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) in Privolzhsky (Volga) Federal District. According to the results of the referendum held in October 2004, Perm Oblast was merged with Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug to form Perm Krai.

It was established in 1938 as part of the RSFSR. From 1940 to 1957 it was named Molotov Oblast in honor of Vyacheslav Molotov. The oblast was named after its administrative center, the city of Perm. The oblast covered an area of 160,600 km2, and as of the 2002 census its population was 2,819,421. Before the merger, neighboring oblasts and republics were (from north clockwise) Komi Republic, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Republic of Bashkortostan, Udmurt Republic, and Kirov Oblast.
Luis César Amadori
Luis César Amadori (28 May 1902 – 5 June 1977) was an Italian-Argentine film director and screenwriter and director in the cinema of Argentina  during the classic era. He directed over 60 films between 1936 and 1967, writing the scripts to over 50 pictures.

Amadori directed films such as Apasionadamente (1944), the critically acclaimed  Albéniz (1947) and Alma fuerte (1949).

Almafuerte (film)
Almafuerte is a 1949 Argentine melodrama film of the classical era of Argentine cinema, directed by Luis César Amadori and written by Belisario García Villar. The film is a biography of the Argentine poet Pedro Bonifacio Palacios (better known by his sobriquet Almafuerte). The film starred Narciso Ibáñez Menta as Almafuerte and Pola Alonso.
Supercopa Ecuador
The Supercopa Ecuador (Ecuador Supercup) is an annual one-match football official competition in Ecuador organised by the Ecuadorian Football Federation (FEF) to be played by the champions of the Ecuadorian Serie A and the Copa Ecuador of the previous season, starting from 2020. This competition serves as the season curtain-raiser and is scheduled to be played in late January or early February each year, one week before the start of the season.

Copa Ecuador
The Copa Ecuador, officially known as Copa FEF Ecuador, is a knockout football competition in men's domestic Ecuadorian football organized by the Ecuadorian Football Federation that started in 1970 and was reinstated in 2018.

The winners qualify for the first stage of the following year's Copa Libertadores and the Supercopa Ecuador against the Serie A champions.
Poker After Dark
Poker After Dark is an hour-long poker television program that originally aired on NBC, premiering on January 1, 2007. The series was canceled on December 3, 2011, following the "Black Friday" criminal case, which involved major sponsor Full Tilt Poker as one of the defendants. The show rebooted on August 14, 2017, with appearances from Tom Dwan, Daniel Negreanu, Antonio Esfandiari. Poker After Dark episodes are now filmed exclusively at the PokerGO Studio at ARIA Resort and Casino, and distributed on video streaming service PokerGO.

For its first two seasons, both of which originally aired in 2007, the show was presented by Shana Hiatt. The host for season 3 was Marianela Pereyra, and Leeann Tweeden took over starting with season 4. When the series returned on PokerGO in 2017, Drea Renee took over as lead presenter. Veronica Brill was introduced as the sideline reporter during season 12.

All seasons have contained voice-over commentary by Oliver "Ali" Nejad.

PokerGO
PokerGO is an over-the-top content platform based in Las Vegas, Nevada. PokerGO was launched in 2017 as a subscription-based streaming service, offering poker-centric online streaming.

The content offered on PokerGO includes poker tournaments, along with cash game-orientated shows.

As of February 2021, PokerGO's library of content includes over 2,400 videos totaling over 3,800 continuous hours.
Daishōji Domain
Daishōji Domain (大聖寺藩, Daishōji-han) was a tozama feudal domain of Edo period Japan  It was located in Kaga Province, in the Hokuriku region of Japan. The domain was centered at Daishōji jin'ya, located in the center of what is now the city of Kaga in Ishikawa Prefecture. It was ruled by a cadet branch of the Maeda clan.

The daimyō of Daishōji domain was subject to sankin-kōtai, and was received in the Ōhiroma of Edo Castle.

Toyama Domain
Toyama Domain (富山藩, Toyama han) was a feudal domain in Edo period Japan, located in Etchū Province (modern-day Toyama Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Toyama Castle in what is now the city of Toyama. Throughout its history, it was ruled by a cadet branch of the Maeda clan. The daimyō of Toyama Domain was subject to sankin-kōtai, and was received in the Ōhiroma of Edo Castle.
DirectWrite
DirectWrite is a text layout and glyph rendering API by Microsoft.  It was designed to replace GDI/GDI+ and Uniscribe for screen-oriented rendering and was first shipped with Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2, as well as Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 (with Platform Update installed). DirectWrite is hardware-accelerated (using the GPU) when running on top of Direct2D, but can also use the CPU to render on any target, including a GDI bitmap.

Direct2D
Direct2D is a 2D vector graphics application programming interface (API) designed by Microsoft and implemented in Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2, and also Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 (with Platform Update installed).

Direct2D takes advantage of hardware acceleration via the graphics processing unit (GPU) found in compatible graphics cards within personal computer, tablet, smartphone and modern graphical device. It offers high visual quality and fast rendering performance while maintaining full interoperability with classic Win32 graphics APIs such as GDI/GDI+ and modern graphics APIs such as Direct3D.
Irina Khavronina
Irina Dmitrievna Khavronina (Russian: Ирина Дмитриевна Хавронина; born 31 July 2004) is a Russian ice dancer. With her former skating partner, Dario Cirisano, she is the 2020 Winter Youth Olympic champion and the 2022 Russian junior champion. With her skating partner Devid Naryzhnyy she is a two-time Russian Nationals bronze medalist.

Alexander Shustitskiy
Alexander Nikolaevich Shustitskiy (Russian: Александр Николаевич Шустицкий; born 25 December 2002) is a Russian ice dancer. With his former partner, Sofya Tyutyunina, he is the 2020 Youth Olympic silver medalist and a three-time ISU Junior Grand Prix medalist, including silver at 2019 JGP Croatia. They also won a silver medal in the team event at the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics.
PAL-M
PAL-M was the analog color TV system used in Brazil since early 1972, making it the first South American country to broadcast in color.

It is unique among analog TV systems in that it combines the 525-line, 29.97 frames-per-second System M with the PAL color encoding system (using very nearly the NTSC color subcarrier frequency), unlike all other countries which pair PAL and SECAM with 625-line systems and NTSC with 525-line systems.

Color broadcasts began on 19 February 1972, when a TV station in Caxias do Sul, TV Difusora, transmitted the Caxias do Sul Grape Festival in collaboration with TV Rio. Transition from black and white to color on most programs was not complete until 1978, and only became commonplace nationwide by 1980.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
Circular flow of income
The circular flow of income or circular flow is a model of the economy in which the major exchanges are represented as flows of money, goods and services, etc. between economic agents. The flows of money and goods exchanged in a closed circuit correspond in value, but run in the opposite direction. The circular flow analysis is the basis of national accounts and hence of macroeconomics.

The idea of the circular flow was already present in the work of Richard Cantillon. François Quesnay developed and visualized this concept in the so-called Tableau économique. Important developments of Quesnay's tableau were Karl Marx's reproduction schemes in the second volume of Capital: Critique of Political Economy, and John Maynard Keynes' General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. Richard Stone further developed the concept for the United Nations (UN) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to the system, which is now used internationally.

François Quesnay
François Quesnay (/keɪˈneɪ/; French: [fʁɑ̃swa kɛnɛ]; 4 June 1694 – 16 December 1774) was a French economist and physician of the Physiocratic school. He is known for publishing the "Tableau économique" (Economic Table) in 1758, which provided the foundations of the ideas of the Physiocrats. This was perhaps the first work attempting to describe the workings of the economy in an analytical way, and as such can be viewed as one of the first important contributions to economic thought. His Le Despotisme de la Chine, written in 1767, describes Chinese politics and society, and his own political support for enlightened despotism.
Hanung Bramantyo
Setiawan Hanung Bramantyo (born 1 October 1975) is an Indonesian director known for his films ranging from teen romances to religious dramas.

After becoming interested in theatre as a child, Bramantyo made his directorial debut with the 1998 short film Tlutur. He made his feature-length debut in 2004, with Brownies. After making several commercial films, he directed the 2008 religious romance Ayat-Ayat Cinta, which was a critical and commercial success. Since then he has directed several more films with religious themes, as well as two sports-related ones.

Bramantyo's works have been noted as covering a variety of genres and political ideologies, with most of his early works being teen romances while his more recent works have been religious dramas. He has also seen controversy for his portrayal of Islam. However, his films have received numerous awards, including two Citra Awards for Best Director at the Indonesian Film Festival.

Citra Award for Best Director
The Citra Award for Best Director (Indonesian: Piala Citra untuk Sutradara Terbaik) is an award given at the annual Indonesian Film Festival (FFI) to Indonesian film directors in recognition for their achievement in the previous year. The Citra Awards, described by Screen International as "Indonesia's equivalent to the Oscars", are the country's most prestigious film awards and are intended to recognize achievements in films as well as to draw public interest to the film industry.

Yandy Laurens is the most recent winner with his  film Sore: Wife from the Future at the 2025 ceremony.
Emilio Z. Marquez
Emilio Zurbano Marquez (born May 28, 1941) is a Filipino bishop of the Roman Catholic Church who served as the fourth bishop of Diocese of Lucena. He previously served as the first Bishop of Gumaca in Quezon province from January 29, 1985, until his appointment as Coadjutor Bishop of Lucena and Apostolic Administrator of Gumaca on May 4, 2002. After the resignation of Bishop Bishop Ruben T. Profugo in 2003, Bishop Marquez was installed as the fourth Bishop of Lucena on November 4, 2003. He was also the chairman and CEO of Mount Carmel Diocesan General Hospital in Lucena City, Quezon.  Marquez retired as Bishop of Lucena on July 29, 2017, upon reaching the canonical retirement age of 75. Pope Francis accepted his resignation and appointed Bishop Mel Rey Uy, then the economer of the Diocese of Romblon, as his successor.

Mel Rey Uy
Mel Rey Mingoa Uy (born January 6, 1968) is the fifth Bishop of Lucena in the Philippines.

Uy was born January 6, 1968, in San Agustin, Romblon. He attended the St. Pius X Seminary in Roxas, Capiz, where he completed his philosophical studies, then the University of Santo Tomas (UST) in Manila, where he completed his theological studies. He later returned to UST to receive a master's degree in philosophy.

Before being appointed the fifth Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lucena in the Philippines, Uy was a priest  in the Diocese of Romblon. On July 29, 2017, Pope Francis appointed Uy as Bishop of Lucena, succeeding Emilio Z. Marquez.

In September 2020, Uy led a campaign against the construction of new coal-fired power plants in Quezon.
Clarksburg, Maryland
Clarksburg is a census-designated place and an unincorporated area in northern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It is located at the northern end of the Interstate 270 technology corridor, approximately four miles north of Germantown. As of the 2020 census, Clarksburg had a population of 29,051.

Montgomery County, Maryland
Montgomery County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the county's population was 1,062,061, increasing by 9.3% from 2010. The county seat is Rockville, while its most populous place is Germantown. The county is adjoined to Washington, D.C., the nation's capital, and is part of the Washington metropolitan area and the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. Most of the county's residents live in Silver Spring, Bethesda, Germantown, and the incorporated cities of Rockville and Gaithersburg.

The average household income in Montgomery County is the 20th-highest among U.S. counties as of 2020.

The county has the highest percentage (29.2%) of residents over 25 years of age who hold post-graduate degrees. Like other counties in the Washington metropolitan area, the county has several U.S. government offices, scientific research and learning centers, and business campuses.
Mary and Conrad Buff
Mary Buff (April 10, 1890 – November 30, 1970) and Conrad Buff II (August 31, 1886 – March 11, 1975) were married creators of illustrated children's books. Between 1937 and 1968, they collaborated on both text and illustrations to produce 14 books; they were runner-up for the Caldecott Medal in 1943 and received three Newbery Honors (1947, 1952, and 1954.) They had a profound impact on children's literature in the mid-20th century.

Big Tree (novel)
Big Tree is a 1946 children's novel written and illustrated by Mary and Conrad Buff. Written from the perspective of Wawona, a personified giant sequoia, the tree tells its life story spanning 5,000 years. The novel was a Newbery Honor recipient in 1947, the first of the authors' three Honors (1952 and 1954).
Environment and sexual orientation
The relationship between the environment and sexual orientation is a subject of research. In the study of sexual orientation, some researchers distinguish environmental influences from hormonal influences, while other researchers include biological influences such as prenatal hormones as part of environmental influences.

Scientists do not know the exact cause of sexual orientation, but they theorize that it is the result of a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences. They do not view sexual orientation as a choice.

Evidence for the impact of the post-natal social environment on sexual orientation is weak, especially for males. There is no substantial evidence which suggests parenting or early childhood experiences influence sexual orientation, but research has linked childhood gender nonconformity and homosexuality.

Prenatal hormones and sexual orientation
The hormonal theory of sexuality holds that, just as exposure to certain hormones plays a role in fetal sex differentiation, such exposure also influences the sexual orientation that emerges later in the individual. Prenatal hormones may be seen as the primary determinant of adult sexual orientation, or a co-factor.
Louis Crews
Louis C. Crews (March 27, 1917 – January 20, 2005) was an American athlete and sports coach. He was best known for his time as head football coach at Alabama A&M University, a position he held from 1960 to 1975. He also was head baseball and women's basketball coach at Alcorn Agricultural and Mechanical College (now known as Alcorn State University), head baseball coach at Alabama A&M, and served as head football and men's basketball coach at Jarvis Christian College. He is the all-time winningest head coach of the Alabama A&M Bulldogs football program. The team plays home games at Louis Crews Stadium, named in his honor.

Jarvis Christian University
Jarvis Christian University (JCU) is a private historically black Christian college in Wood County, Texas. It was founded in 1912. It had a total undergraduate enrollment of 867 in the fall of 2019. During the 2022–2023 academic year, Jarvis Christian College was renamed Jarvis Christian University and it began offering graduate programs the following year.
CCM (bicycle company)
CCM is a Canadian bicycle brand owned by Canadian Tire. The brand was first used by the Canada Cycle & Motor Co. Ltd, founded in Weston, Ontario in 1899. CCM dominated the Canadian bike market for much of the 20th century before becoming bankrupt in 1983. The CCM trademark was then acquired by Procycle Group, while the company's hockey assets were sold off (CCM Hockey).

Weston, Toronto
Weston is a neighbourhood and former town in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The neighbourhood is situated in the northwest of the city, south of Highway 401 and Highway 400/Black Creek Drive, east of the Humber River, north of Eglinton Avenue, and west of Jane Street. The eponymous Weston Road, just north of Lawrence Avenue is the historic core of Weston, with many small businesses and services. Weston was incorporated as a village in the 19th century and was absorbed into the Borough of York in the late 1960s. York itself was amalgamated into Toronto in 1998. Weston is one of the few former towns and villages in Toronto located in a generally suburban setting, although it is contiguous with the inner city to the southeast along Weston Road. It is also one of the few not developed as a planned satellite town, as is the case with Leaside or New Toronto.