hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kruzenshtern (ship)
Kruzenshtern or Krusenstern (Russian: Крузенштерн) is a four-masted barque (Russian: барк) that was built in 1926 at Geestemünde in Bremerhaven, Germany as Padua (named after the Italian city). She was surrendered to the USSR in 1946 as war reparation and renamed after the early 19th-century Baltic German explorer in Russian service, Adam Johann von Krusenstern (1770–1846). She is now a Russian sail training ship.

Of the four remaining Flying P-Liners, the former Padua is the only one still in use, mainly for training purposes, with her home ports in Kaliningrad (formerly Königsberg).

Adam Johann von Krusenstern
Adam Johann von Krusenstern (Russian: Ива́н Фёдорович Крузенште́рн, romanized: Ivan Fyodorovich Kruzenshtern; 10 October 1770 – 12 August 1846) was a Russian admiral and explorer of Swedish  and Baltic German descent, who led the first Russian circumnavigation of the Earth in 1803–1806.
Gadag district
Gadag district is a district in the state of Karnataka, India. It was formed on 24 August 1997, when it was split from Dharwad district. As of 2011, it had a population of 1064570 (of which 35.21 percent was urban). The overall population increased by 13.14 percent from 1991 to 2001. Gadag district borders Bagalkot district on the north, Koppal district on the east, Vijayanagara district on the southeast, Haveri district on the southwest, Dharwad district on the west and Belgaum District on the northwest. It is famous for the many monuments (primarily Jain and Hindu temples) from the Western Chalukya Empire. It has seven talukas: Gadag, Gajendragad, Ron, Shirhatti, Nargund, Lakshmeshwar and Mundargi.Major Rivers Flowing through Gadag are Tugabhadra Malaprabha and Major Hills like gajendragada hills, Naragunda hills and evergreen Kappatagudda HilLa

Dharwad district
Dharwad district or Dharawada is an administrative district of the state of Karnataka in southern India. The administrative headquarters of the district is the city of Dharwad, also known as Dharwar. Dharwad is located 425 km northwest of Bangalore and 421 km southeast of Pune, on the main highway between Chennai and Pune, the National Highway 4 (NH4).

Before 1997 the district had an area of 13738 km2. In 1997, the new districts of Gadag and Haveri were carved out of Dharwad's former territory, and a portion of Dharwad district was combined with lands formerly part of three other districts to create the new district of Davanagere.
Jean Carlos Centeno
Jean Carlos Jiménez Centeno (born Evel Antonio Jiménez Centeno, December 13, 1976), known professionally as Jean Carlos Centeno, is a Colombian vallenato singer and songwriter born in Venezuela. During his childhood, he emigrated to Colombia, where he obtained Colombian citizenship through naturalization and began his professional artistic career.

Centeno rose to prominence as a singer and songwriter during his tenure with the vallenato group Binomio de Oro de América, which he joined in 1993 and remained with until 2005. That year, he left the group to pursue a solo career alongside accordionist Juan Fernando “Morre” Romero. In 2006, Centeno and Romero released their first independent album, Ave Libre. Throughout his career, Centeno has released 17 studio albums (11 with Binomio de Oro and six as a solo artist). In 2022, he won the Latin Grammy Award for Best Cumbia/Vallenato Song/Album and had previously received a nomination in 2018.

Binomio de Oro de América
Binomio de Oro de América is a Colombian Vallenato group that was founded by lead singer Rafael Orozco and accordionist Israel Romero in the Caribbean Region of Colombia on June 16, 1976. The group grew up in popularity in the 1980s and 1990s and developed mainstream popularity in Venezuela, especially in the city of Maracaibo and in Mexico, mainly in the city of Monterrey.
Ecliptic
The ecliptic or ecliptic plane is the orbital plane of Earth around the Sun. It was a central concept in a number of ancient sciences, providing the framework for key measurements in astronomy, astrology and calendar-making.

From the perspective of an observer on Earth, the Sun's movement around the celestial sphere over the course of a year traces out a path along the ecliptic against the background of stars – specifically the Zodiac constellations. The planets of the Solar System can be seen along the ecliptic because their orbital planes are very close to Earth's. The Moon also appears near the plane, offset by lunar nodes; the ecliptic is so named because the ancients noted that eclipses only occur when the Moon is crossing it.

The ecliptic is an important reference plane and is the basis of the ecliptic coordinate system. Ancient scientists were able to calculate Earth's axial tilt by comparing the angle of the ecliptic (about 23.4°) to that of the equatorial plane.

Sun path
Sun path, sometimes also called day arc, refers to the daily (sunrise to sunset) and seasonal arc-like path that the Sun appears to follow across the sky as the Earth rotates and orbits the Sun. The Sun's path affects the length of daytime experienced and amount of daylight received along a certain latitude during a given season.

The relative position of the Sun is a major factor in the heat gain of buildings and in the performance of solar energy systems. Accurate location-specific knowledge of sun path and climatic conditions is essential for economic decisions about solar collector area, orientation, landscaping, summer shading, and the cost-effective use of solar trackers.
Eva Heyman
Eva Heyman (Hungarian: Heyman Éva; 13 February 1931 – 17 October 1944) was a Jewish girl from Oradea. She began keeping a diary in 1944 during the German occupation of Hungary. Published under the name The Diary of Eva Heyman, her diary has been compared to The Diary of a Young Girl by Anne Frank. She discusses the extreme deterioration of the circumstances the Jewish community faced in the city, offering a detailed account of the increasingly restrictive anti-Jewish laws, the psychological anguish and despair, the loss of their rights and liberties and the confiscation of property they endured. Heyman was 13 years old when she and her grandparents were murdered in the Holocaust.

In May 2019, the Eva Stories project was launched, visually depicting extracts from her diary on Instagram. On International Holocaust Day 2020 (27 January), Eva Stories was also launched on Snapchat.

Oradea
Oradea (UK: /ɒˈrɑːdiə/, US: /ɔːˈr-, -djɑː/, Romanian: [oˈrade̯a]; Hungarian: Nagyvárad [ˈnɒɟvaːrɒd]; German: Großwardein [ˌɡʁoːsvaʁˈdaɪn]) is the capital of the Crișana region in Romania. It serves as the administrative centre of Bihor County. The city is situated on both banks of the Crișul Repede River.

As of 2021, Oradea is Romania's ninth most populous city. It is located approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) from the Hungarian border. The municipality covers 11,556 hectares (28,560 acres) and lies between the Apuseni Mountains and the Crișana-Banat plain.

The Oradea Fortress is a historic fortification located within the city, whose origins date back to the 11th century when it served as an episcopal residence and religious centre. Throughout the Middle Ages, the fortress played a strategic role in the border region between Central and Eastern Europe.

The city features Art Nouveau architecture, and is a member of both the Réseau Art Nouveau Network and the Art Nouveau European Route.
P46 road (Ukraine)
P46 is a regional Ukraine road (P-highway) in Sumy Oblast and Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine, running mainly west–east and connecting Okhtyrka with Kharkiv in a more or less straight line. It begins at Highway H12 in Okhtyrka and passes through Khodunaivka, Kupjevakha, Hubarivka, Bohodukhiv, Musiyki, Krysynska, Maksymivka, Horkoho, Vilshany, Dvorichnyi Kut, Peresichne, Solonytsivka, Podvirky, and finally arrives to the Kholodnohirsk District of Kharkiv at Zalyutynska Street and Poltavskyi Shlyakh Street (Highway M01).

State highways (Ukraine)
State highways in Ukraine (Ukrainian: автомобільні дороги державного значення) are subdivided into four categories: international (M-network), national (H-network), regional (P-network), and  territorial (Т-network). The letter's indexes are in Cyrillic, standing for their respective abbreviations in Ukrainian.
William F. Roemer Jr.
William F. Roemer Jr. (June 16, 1926 – June 14, 1996) was an FBI agent for 30 years. He is known for his battle against organized crime with his partner, Special Agent Ralph R. Hill Jr., and being the most highly decorated agent in FBI history. After retirement he became a private attorney for businesses being muscled by the mob. He was the author of several books, 
including biographies on mobsters Tony "The Ant" Spilotro and Tony "Joe Batters" Accardo.

Throughout his career, he encountered and dealt with Felix "Milwaukee Phil" Alderisio, Gus Alex, Jackie "The Lackey" Cerone, Sam "Mooney" Giancana, Murray "The Camel" Humphreys, "Mad" Sam DeStefano, and Joseph Bonanno, Anthony Spilotro, among others. Roemer died in 1996 of lung cancer, two days before his 70th birthday.

Anthony Spilotro
Anthony John Spilotro (May 19, 1938 – June 14, 1986), nicknamed "Tony the Ant", was an American mobster and high-ranking member of the Chicago Outfit who operated in Las Vegas during the 1970s and '80s. Spilotro managed the Outfit's illegal casino profits (the "skim") when four of the casinos, the Stardust, the Fremont, the Hacienda and the Marina, were managed by Frank "Lefty" Rosenthal, replacing Outfit member John Roselli. He was also the leader of the "Hole in the Wall Gang", a burglary crew he formed when he moved to Las Vegas in 1971.

Spilotro eventually ran afoul of his superiors in Chicago over his handling of their Las Vegas concerns, and they arranged his murder on June 14, 1986. Spilotro's criminal career was detailed in Nicholas Pileggi's true crime book Casino and served as the basis for the character Nicky Santoro in Martin Scorsese's adaptation of that book by the same title in 1995.
LH (complexity)
In computational complexity, the logarithmic time hierarchy (LH) is the complexity class of all computational problems solvable in a logarithmic amount of computation time on an alternating Turing machine with a bounded number of alternations. It is a particular case of a bounded alternating Turing machine hierarchy. It is equal to FO and to FO-uniform AC0.

The th level of the logarithmic time hierarchy is the set of languages recognised by alternating Turing machines in logarithmic time with random access and  alternations, beginning with an existential state. LH is the union of all levels.

Alternating Turing machine
In computational complexity theory, an alternating Turing machine (ATM) is a non-deterministic Turing machine (NTM) with a rule for accepting computations that generalizes the rules used in the definition of the complexity classes NP and co-NP.  The concept of an ATM was set forth by Chandra and Stockmeyer and independently by Kozen in 1976, with a joint journal publication in 1981.
Eketahuna railway station
Eketahuna railway station was a station on the Wairarapa Line, a railway line that runs through the Wairarapa region of New Zealand's North Island.  Located between the stations of Mangamahoe (to the south) and Newman (to the north), it served the small southern Tararua town of Eketāhuna and was one of the few attended stations on the northern section of the line.

The railhead of the Wairarapa Line was at Eketāhuna from when the station opened in 1889 until 1896, and later it continued to be an important station for the surrounding rural area.  Closure to all traffic came in 1988 after improvements to local and regional roads contributed to a decline in the patronage of passenger rail services.

Mangamahoe railway station
Mangamahoe railway station served the small rural community of Mangamahoe in the Wairarapa region of New Zealand’s North Island.  It was located on the Wairarapa Line between the stations of Mauriceville (to the south) and Eketahuna (to the north) with vehicular access from Station Road.  It is the northernmost station site on the Wairarapa Line within the jurisdiction of the Greater Wellington Regional Council before the line passes into territory governed by Horizons Regional Council.

The station opened to all traffic in 1887 and was in service for 82 years, closing to general freight traffic in 1966 and three years later to passengers also.

Mangamāhoe means in English "māhoe (whiteywood) stream".
Nejmeh SC (futsal)
Nejmeh Sporting Club Futsal Team (Arabic: فريق نادي النجمة لكرة الصالات), or simply Nejmeh, is a futsal club based in Beirut, Lebanon. It is a part of Nejmeh Sporting Club.

Formed in 2022 as Tawfeer Futsal Team, they won the Lebanese Futsal League twice and the Lebanese Futsal Cup once.

Nejmeh SC
Nejmeh Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي النجمة الرياضي, lit. 'The Star Sporting Club') is a football club based in Manara, a neighbourhood in Ras Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, that competes in the Lebanese Premier League.

The club was established in Beirut in 1945, and received its license in 1947. Nejmeh have won nine Lebanese Premier League titles, eight Lebanese FA Cups, 12 Lebanese Elite Cups, and seven Lebanese Super Cups. In Asia, Nejmeh were runners-up in the 2005 AFC Cup, where they lost to Al-Faisaly of Jordan.

Nejmeh is primarily supported by the Sunni Muslim community with a minority of Shiites and Druzes, and shares a historic rivalry with fellow Beirut-based club Ansar, known as the Beirut derby. The club's board is affiliated with the Future Movement political party and the Hariri family.
Cárdenas, Cuba
San Juan de Dios de Cárdenas, or simply Cárdenas (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkaɾðenas]), is a municipality and city in the Matanzas Province of Cuba, about 116 km (72 mi) by air [156 km (97 mi) by road] east of Havana. Cárdenas is the 15th most-populated Cuban city and the second most populated one not being a provincial seat, after Manzanillo.

The Cuban Flag was first raised over Cuba in this historic city of straight and narrow streets (the "Charleston of the Caribbean"), horse-drawn carriages, industry and "cangrejos" (blue crabs). It was in Cárdenas where José Arechabala S.A. launched and started production of Havana Club in 1934.

Cárdenas is the northernmost municipality in Cuba.

José Arechabala S.A.
José Arechabala S.A. (founded as La Vizcaya in 1878) was one of the Cuban conglomerates within the sugar and alcoholic beverages industries. Headquartered in Cárdenas, Matanzas, it is known for Havana Club rum from 1934 until 1960.
Low Cut Connie
Low Cut Connie is an American rock and roll band based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Frontman, pianist, and songwriter Adam Weiner has been the band's only constant member since its formation. Beginning as an impromptu recording session in 2010, Low Cut Connie gradually evolved into a vehicle for Weiner's songwriting and onstage persona. The band has earned praise for its high-energy live performances, which Los Angeles Weekly described as "unmatched in all of rock right now." NPR Music described Weiner as "masterfully fluent in the foundational languages of Western pop." Low Cut Connie has also gained prominence for attracting high-profile endorsements such as a surprise inclusion on Barack Obama's Spotify Summer Playlist in 2015, and a personal association with Elton John, who has called the band one of his favorites.

Barack Obama's summer playlist
Barack Obama's summer playlist is an annual music playlist curated by former President of the United States Barack Obama. The president has shared a playlist, curated by himself, most summers since 2015. The lists consist of a mix of classic and contemporary songs spanning a variety of genres. The response to the playlists has been mostly positive, though with some noted detractors.
Solar minimum
Solar minimum is the regular period of least solar activity in the Sun's 11-year solar cycle. During solar minimum, sunspot and solar flare activity diminishes, and often does not occur for days at a time. On average, the solar cycle takes about 11 years to go from one solar minimum to the next, with duration observed varying from 9 to 14 years. The date of the minimum is described by a smoothed average over 12 months of sunspot activity, so identifying the date of the solar minimum usually can only happen 6 months after the minimum takes place.

Solar minimum is contrasted with the solar maximum, when hundreds of sunspots may occur.

Solar maximum
Solar maximum is the regular period of greatest solar activity during the Sun's 11-year solar cycle. During solar maximum, large numbers of sunspots appear, and the solar irradiance output grows by about 0.07%. On average, the solar cycle takes about 11 years to go from one solar maximum to the next, with duration observed varying from 9 to 14 years.

Large solar storms often occur during solar maximum. For example, the Carrington Event, which took place a few months before the solar maximum of solar cycle 10, was the most intense geomagnetic storm in recorded history and widely considered to have been caused by an equally large solar storm.
Maria Kovalevska
Maria Pavlivna Kovalevska (Ukrainian: Марія Павлівна Ковалевська; August 1849 – 19 November 1889) was a Ukrainian Narodnik. A revolutionary activist from an early age, she became involved with Narodnik circles in Odesa, Kyiv and Kharkiv. She was arrested several times for her activities, before finally being exiled to Siberia in 1879. She spent the last decade of her life between several Siberian prisons, where she and other women prisoners were tortured. In protest, she poisoned herself and died in Kara katorga.

Kara katorga
Kara katorga (Russian: Карийская каторга, romanized: Kariyskaya katorga) was a set of katorga prisons of extremely high security located along the Kara River in Transbaikalia (a tributary of the Shilka River, flowing into it at Ust-Karsk) and part of the system of Nerchinsk katorga.
Xyllomer
Xyllomer is a MUD, a text-based online role-playing game, founded in 1991 as PaderMUD (after the University of Paderborn, where it was hosted).  It was the first publicly accessible MUD to use Dworkin's Game Driver.  It has been hosted in Germany throughout its history.

Dworkin's Game Driver
DGD, Dworkin's Game Driver (at one time called Dworkin's Generic Driver), is an LPMud server written by Felix A. "Dworkin" Croes.  DGD pioneered important technical innovations in MUDs, particularly disk-based object storage, full world persistence, separation of concerns between driver and mudlib, runtime morphism, automatic garbage collection, lightweight objects and LPC-to-C compilation.
Jim Ross Lightfoot
James Ross Lightfoot (born September 27, 1938) is an American businessman-broadcaster who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Iowa. He was the Republican nominee for the United States Senate in 1996 and for Governor of Iowa in 1998.

1998 Iowa gubernatorial election
The 1998 Iowa gubernatorial election took place on November 3, 1998. Incumbent Republican Governor Terry Branstad did not seek re-election to a fifth consecutive term; he later successfully ran again in 2010 and 2014.

To replace him, State Senator Tom Vilsack narrowly won the nomination of the Democratic Party while former United States Congressman Jim Ross Lightfoot, who was previously the Republican nominee for the United States Senate in 1996, won his party's nomination. Lightfoot was the odds-on favorite win and polling consistently showed him in the lead, but Vilsack won the general election in a stunning upset, becoming the first Democrat to serve as governor of Iowa since 1969 and the 5th Democrat to hold the office in the 20th century. Lightfoot never conceded defeat.
Mary Lyon
Mary Mason Lyon (/ˈlaɪ.ən/; February 28, 1797 – March 5, 1849) was an American pioneer in women's education. She established the Wheaton Female Seminary in Norton, Massachusetts, (now Wheaton College) in 1834. She then established Mount Holyoke Female Seminary (now Mount Holyoke College) in South Hadley, Massachusetts, in 1837 and served as its first president (or "principal") for 12 years. Lyon's vision fused intellectual challenge and moral purpose. She valued socioeconomic diversity and endeavored to make the seminary affordable for students of modest means.

Mount Holyoke College
Mount Holyoke College is a private women's liberal arts college in South Hadley, Massachusetts, United States. It is the oldest member of the historic Seven Sisters colleges, a group of historically women’s colleges in the Northeastern United States. The college was founded in 1837 as the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary by Mary Lyon, a pioneer in education for women. Mount Holyoke is part of the Five College Consortium in Western Massachusetts.

Undergraduate admissions are restricted to female, transgender, and nonbinary students. In 2014, it became the first member of the Seven Sisters (not counting the coeducational Vassar College) to introduce an admissions policy that was inclusive of transgender students. Graduate programs are open to applicants regardless of gender.

The college's 800-acre (3.2 km2) campus includes the Mount Holyoke College Art Museum, the John Payson Williston Observatory, and a botanic garden. The college awards the Glascock Prize annually.
The Armada Service
The Armada Service (alias Tudor Service) is a set of more than 31 gilded silver dishes, dated between 1581 and 1601, formerly owned by Sir Christopher Harris (c. 1553–1625), MP, of Radford House in the parish of Plymstock in Devon, England.  Twenty-six of these dishes are now in the collection of the British Museum in London.

Radford, Plymstock
Radford in the parish of Plymstock in Devon is a historic manor and the oldest recorded seat of the prominent Harris family. It is today a suburb of the City of Plymouth. The 16th century manor house of the Harris family was remodelled in the 18th century and was demolished in 1937. However, various traces of the estate remain, including most notably the deerpark, now a public amenity known as Radford Park, with its large lake, an early 19th century gate-lodge at the entrance drive to the former mansion house, with gatepiers, on Radford Park Road, a bridge and boathouse with follies of a sham castle and another sham-ruin.
Rosie Campbell
Rosie Campbell (born September 1976) is professor of politics at King's College, University of London, and the director of the Global Institute for Women’s Leadership until 2025. Previously she was a professor at UCL and Birkbeck College. She is a specialist in public expectations of politicians and voting behaviour. In 2018, she was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences.

Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences
The Fellowship of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS) is an award granted by the Academy of Social Sciences to leading academics, policy-makers, and practitioners of the social sciences.

Fellows were previously known as Academicians and used the post-nominal letter "AcSS". This was changed in July 2014 to bring the academy in line with other British learned societies.