hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sam McDonald County Park
Sam McDonald Park, located between La Honda and Loma Mar in San Mateo County, California, United States, is operated by the San Mateo County Department of Parks. The park is 867 acres (3.51 km2) of redwood forest, mixed woods and open meadows. Trails climb up to a ridgeline with views across the Pescadero Creek valley, Butano Ridge, and the Pacific Ocean. The park includes Heritage Grove and borders Pescadero Creek County Park through which it connects to Memorial County Park, Portola Redwoods State Park, and Big Basin Redwoods State Park (via a trail easement across private lands). Horseback riding is popular here, and many use Jack Brook Horse Camp.

Memorial Park (San Mateo County, California)
Memorial Park, located in Loma Mar, San Mateo County, California, United States, is operated by the San Mateo County Department of Parks. The park encompasses 673 acres (2.72 km2), and includes old-growth redwood trees, eight miles (13 km) of hiking trails, camping areas, picnic facilities, a visitor center, a camp store, a creek swimming area, and campfire programs. Pescadero Creek, which provides winter habitat for steelhead trout, runs through the park. Bloomquist, Hoffman, McCormick, and Peterson Creeks join Pescadero Creek within the park boundaries.

Memorial Park trails link to Pescadero Creek Park from the Hoffman Flat Trailhead along the Old Haul Road trail, which also links into Sam McDonald County Park, Portola Redwoods State Park, and Big Basin Redwoods State Park (via easement across private lands).
Oversight of Oranga Tamariki System Legislation Amendment Act 2025
The Oversight of Oranga Tamariki System Legislation Amendment Act 2025 is a New Zealand Act of Parliament that serves as the legislative framework for both the Independent Children's Monitor and the Children's Commissioner, which oversee the Oranga Tamariki's (Ministry for Children) child welfare system and advocate for children's rights. The bill designates the Children's Monitor as an independent Crown agency and reversed a 2022 law change that replaced the Children's Commissioner with the Children and Young People's Commission. It passed its third reading on 26 June 2025, and received royal assent on 30 June.

Children's Commissioner Act 2022
The Children's Commissioner Act 2022  (titled the Children and Young People's Commission Act 2022 prior to 5 August 2025) is a New Zealand Act of Parliament that established the Children and Young People's Commission (CYPC) and repealed the Children's Commissioner Act 2003. The Bill was formerly part of the proposed "Oversight of the Oranga Tamariki System and Children and Young People's Commission Bill" until it was split into two separate pieces of legislation by the New Zealand Parliament on 11 August 2022. Together, the bill and the companion Oversight of Oranga Tamariki System Act 2022 replaced the Children's Commissioner, the independent national Children's ombudsman.

In August 2025, the law's title and provisions were amended following the passage of the Oversight of Oranga Tamariki System Legislation Amendment Act 2025, which reestablished the Children's Commissioner and dissolved the CYPC.
Lamar Academy
Lamar Academy is an alternative education school in McAllen, Texas. A part of the McAllen Independent School District, it includes an International Baccalaureate program and Options in Education High School. It is available to any student whose home school is either McAllen Memorial High School, McAllen High School, or James "Nikki" Rowe High School

McAllen Independent School District
The McAllen Independent School District is a school district headquartered in the city of McAllen, Texas, United States.

In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.
Yanliao Biota
The Yanliao Biota is the name given to an assembly of fossils preserved in northeastern China from the Middle to Late Jurassic. It includes fossils from the Tiaojishan Formation and Haifanggou Formation. This spans approximately 165 to 150 million years ago.

Like the Jehol Biota, these deposits are composed of alternating layers of volcanic tuff and sediment, and are considered Lagerstätte. These are some of the best preserved Jurassic fossils in the world, and include many important dinosaur, mammal, salamander, insect and lizard specimens, as well as plants.

Tiaojishan Formation
The Tiaojishan Formation is a geological formation in Hebei and Liaoning, People's Republic of China, dating to the middle-late Jurassic period (Bathonian-Oxfordian stages). It is known for its exceptionally preserved fossils, including those of plants, insects and vertebrates. It is made up mainly of pyroclastic rock interspersed with basic volcanic and sedimentary rocks. Previously, the Tiaojishan Formation was grouped together with the underlying Haifanggou Formation (also known as the Jiulongshan Formation) as a single "Lanqi Formation." The Tiaojishan Formation forms a key part of the Yanliao Biota assemblage, alongside the Haifanggou Formation.
Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic
The Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, also known as Soviet Turkmenistan, the Turkmen SSR, TuSSR, TurSSR, TurkSSR, TurkmSSR, Turkmenistan, or Turkmenia, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union, located in Central Asia, that existed as a republic from 1925 to 1991. Initially, on 7 August 1921, it was established as the Turkmen Oblast of the Turkestan ASSR before being made, on 13 May 1925, a separate republic of the USSR as the Turkmen SSR.

Since its creation, the borders of Soviet Turkmenistan remained unchanged. On 22 August 1990, the republic declared its sovereignty over Soviet laws. On 27 October 1991, it became independent as Turkmenistan.

Geographically, Soviet Turkmenistan was bordered by Iran and Afghanistan to the south, the Caspian Sea to the west, the Kazakh SSR to the north, and the Uzbek SSR to the east.

Soviet Central Asia
Soviet Central Asia (Russian: Советская Средняя Азия, romanized: Sovetskaya Srednyaya Aziya) was the part of Central Asia administered by the Russian SFSR and then the Soviet Union between 1918 and 1991, when the Central Asian Soviet republics declared independence. It is nearly synonymous with Russian Turkestan in the Russian Empire. Soviet Central Asia went through many territorial divisions before the current borders were created in the 1920s and 1930s.
Mairasi languages
The Mairasi languages, also known as Etna Bay are a small independent family of Papuan languages in the classifications of Malcolm Ross and Timothy Usher, that had been part of Stephen Wurm's Trans–New Guinea proposal. They are named after Etna Bay, located in the southeastern corner of West Papua province, in Indonesia.

Trans–New Guinea languages
Trans–New Guinea (TNG) is an extensive family of Papuan languages spoken on the island of New Guinea and neighboring islands, a region corresponding to the country Papua New Guinea as well as parts of Indonesia.

Trans–New Guinea is perhaps the third-largest language family in the world by number of languages. The core of the family is considered to be established, but its boundaries and overall membership are uncertain. The languages are spoken by around 3 million people. There have been several main proposals as to its internal classification.
30 December 2009 Iranian pro-government rallies
On 30 December 2009, pro-government rallies, also known as the "Dey 9 epic", took place in various Iranian cities, including Tehran, Shiraz, Arak, Qom and Isfahan. The rallies were hold in response to the Ashura protests, where protesters on that day did acts including "applauding, whistling, and engaging in other cheerful displays," which was viewed as violation of a "red line" and targeting Husayn ibn Ali and Ashura commemoration itself. The demonstrations and counter-demonstrations were connected to the disputed 2009 Iranian presidential election.

Ashura protests
The Ashura protests occurred on 27 December 2009 in Iran against the outcome of the June 2009 presidential election, which demonstrators claim was illegitimate due to electoral fraud. The demonstrations were part of the 2009 Iranian election protests and were the largest since June. In December 2009, the protests saw an escalation in violence.

In response to this protest, pro-government protesters held a rally three days later on 30 December (9 Dey) to condemn Green Movement protesters.
Family tree of English monarchs
This is the family tree for monarchs of England (and Wales after 1282) from Alfred the Great to Elizabeth I of England. The House of Wessex family tree precedes this family tree and the family tree of the British royal family follows it.

For a simplified family tree see family tree of British monarchs (and alternative successions of the English and British crown for unsuccessful claimants' family trees).

(see List of monarchs of Wessex)

As to the medieval histories of Scotland and Wales:

The family tree of Scottish monarchs covers the same period in Scotland and, equally as shown, directly precedes the family tree of the British royal family.

The family tree of Welsh monarchs is relevant before the 1282 conquest by England.

Family tree of British monarchs
The following is a simplified family tree of the English, Scottish, and British monarchs.

For more-detailed charts see:

Family tree of English monarchs, from Alfred the Great and Æthelstan to Elizabeth I;

Family tree of Scottish monarchs, from Kenneth MacAlpin also to James VI and I;

Family tree of Welsh monarchs; and

Family tree of the British royal family from James VI and I to the present.
Jakarta Charter
The Jakarta Charter (Indonesian: Piagam Jakarta) was a document drawn up by members of the Indonesian Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK) on 22 June 1945 in Jakarta that later formed the basis of the preamble to the Constitution of Indonesia. The document contained the five principles of the Pancasila ideology, but it also included an obligation for Muslims to abide by Shariah law. This obligation, which was also known as the "Seven Words" (tujuh kata), was eventually deleted from the enacted constitution after the Indonesian declaration of independence on 18 August 1945. Following the deletion of the "Seven Words" efforts by Islamic parties continued to seek its inclusion, most notably in 1959, when the 1945 constitution was suspended; in 1968, during the Transition to the New Order; and in 2002, following the end of the New Order and the beginning of the Reformasi era.

Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence
The Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (Indonesian: Badan Penyelidik Usaha-Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan, abbreviated as BPUPK; Japanese: 独立準備調査会, Hepburn: Dokuritsu Junbi Chōsakai, Nihon-shiki / Kunrei-shiki: Dokuritu Zyunbi Tyoosa-kai), sometimes referred to, but better known locally, as the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence (Indonesian: Badan Penyelidik Usaha-Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia, BPUPKI), was an organization set up on 1 March 1945 by the Japanese military authority in Java during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies as the initial stage of the establishment of independence for the area under the control of the Japanese 16th Army. The BPUPK held two plenary meetings; the first was from 28 May to 1 June 1945 and the second was between 10 and 17 July 1945. A BPUPK was also established in Sumatra.
American Convention on Human Rights
The American Convention on Human Rights (ACHR), also known as the Pact of San José or by its Spanish name used in most of the signatory nations, Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos, is an international human rights instrument. It was adopted by many countries in the Americas in San José, Costa Rica, on 22 November 1969. It came into force after the eleventh instrument of ratification (that of Grenada) was deposited on 18 July 1978.

The bodies responsible for overseeing compliance with the Convention are the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, both of which are organs of the Organization of American States (OAS).

Inter-American Court of Human Rights
9°55′49.58″N 84°3′24.98″W﻿ / ﻿9.9304389°N 84.0569389°W﻿ / 9.9304389; -84.0569389

The Inter-American Court of Human Rights (I/A Court H.R.) is an international court based in San José, Costa Rica. Together with the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, it was formed by the American Convention on Human Rights, a human rights treaty ratified by members of the Organization of American States (OAS).

Pursuant to American Convention, the Inter-American Court works with the Inter-American Commission to uphold and promote basic rights and freedoms. It has jurisdiction within around 20 of the 35 member states in the American continent that have taken steps to accede to its authority, the vast majority in Latin America. The court adjudicates claims of human rights violations by governments, and issues advisory opinions on interpretations of certain legal matters. Twenty-nine OAS members are also members of the wider-scale International Criminal Court.
Cabarrus County Schools
Cabarrus County Schools is a local education agency headquartered in Concord, North Carolina. The system presides over the vast majority of Cabarrus County, North Carolina, the exception being an area of Kannapolis in the northern part of the county that operates its own district. Over 35,000 students are enrolled in Cabarrus County Schools, and the school system has over 4,400 employees. The current superintendent is Dr. John Kopicki.

Kannapolis City Schools
Kannapolis City Schools is a local education agency headquartered in Kannapolis, North Carolina. It encompasses parts of Cabarrus and Rowan Counties, yet operates independently of both county-wide school systems.  This is a legacy of the fact that Kannapolis was originally a company town for Cannon Mills (Kannapolis was not incorporated as a city until 1984).
Vision China Times
Vision China Times Australia is a Chinese language newspaper owned by the Vision Times Media (Australia) Corporation Pty Ltd. Vision China Times Australia was established as a weekly newspaper in Australia in July 2006, based on a widely-read overseas Chinese news website, secretchina.com, which was launched in 2001 in the United States and is known as Vision Times or Kanzhongguo. The newspaper has been described as part of the media outreach of Falun Gong, an anti-communist new religious movement, although this has been contested by the paper's Australian editorial team.

Vision Times
Vision Times (simplified Chinese: 看中国; traditional Chinese: 看中國), also known as Kanzhongguo, is a Falun Gong-affiliated Chinese language weekly newspaper. It was founded in 2001 as a website, www.secretchina.com. In 2006, it began publishing weekly print versions in major U.S. cities and Australia (as Vision China Times) where large Chinese communities exist. In 2007, print versions were launched in Europe.

Vision Times operates multiple YouTube channels, including China Observer, China Insights and Vision Times Post.
Edward Calvin Kendall
Edward Calvin Kendall (March 8, 1886 – May 4, 1972) was an American biochemist.  In 1950, Kendall was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine along with Swiss chemist Tadeusz Reichstein and Mayo Clinic physician Philip S. Hench, for their work with the hormones of the adrenal glands.  Kendall not only researched the adrenal glands, he also isolated thyroxine, a hormone of the thyroid gland and worked with the team that crystallized glutathione and identified its chemical structure.

Kendall was a biochemist at the Graduate School of the Mayo Foundation at the time of the Nobel award.  He received his education at Columbia University.  After retiring from his job with the Mayo Foundation, Kendall joined the faculty at Princeton University, where he remained until his death in 1972. Kendall Elementary School, in Norwalk is named for him.

Philip Showalter Hench
Philip Showalter Hench (February 28, 1896 – March 30, 1965) was an American physician.  Hench, along with his Mayo Clinic co-worker Edward Calvin Kendall and Swiss chemist Tadeus Reichstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1950 for the discovery of the hormone cortisone, and its application for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.  The Nobel Committee bestowed the award for the trio's "discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects."

Hench received his undergraduate education at Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania, and received his medical training at the United States Army Medical Corps and the University of Pittsburgh.  He began working at Mayo Clinic in 1923, later serving as the head of the Department of Rheumatology.  In addition to the Nobel Prize, Hench received many other awards and honors throughout his career.  He also had a lifelong interest in the history and discovery of yellow fever.
Hongoeka
Hongoeka is a community in the city of Porirua in New Zealand. It is northwest of Plimmerton and adjacent to Hongoeka Bay. It extends from an urupā (cemetery) boundary at the end of Moana Road, to Haukōpua (commonly known as Big Bay). A residential area is situated in Hongoeka Bay itself and takes up flat land and lower hillsides. It is bordered by bush clad hills and farmland, and looks out over a broad sweep of rugged coastline towards Whitireia and Mana Island, and to the South Island beyond.

Writer Patricia Grace lives in the area.

Plimmerton
Plimmerton is a seaside suburb that lies in the northwest part of the city of Porirua in New Zealand, adjacent to some of the city's more congenial beaches. State Highway 59 and the North Island Main Trunk railway line pass just east of the main shopping and residential area.

Plimmerton has its modern origins as a late 19th century seaside resort. It is named after John Plimmer, an English settler and entrepreneur who, through the Wellington and Manawatu Railway Company, helped to fund and direct construction of the railway line. The estimated population is 2,130 as of June 2025.
Swept wing
A swept wing is a wing angled either backward or occasionally forward from its root rather than perpendicular to the fuselage.

Swept wings have been flown since the pioneer days of aviation. Wing sweep at high speeds was first investigated in Germany as early as 1935 by Albert Betz and Adolph Busemann, finding application just before the end of the Second World War. It has the effect of delaying the shock waves and accompanying aerodynamic drag rise caused by fluid compressibility near the speed of sound, improving performance. Swept wings are therefore almost always used on jet aircraft designed to fly at these speeds.

The term "swept wing" is normally used to mean "swept back", but variants include forward sweep, variable sweep wings and oblique wings in which one side sweeps forward and the other back. The delta wing is also aerodynamically a form of swept wing.

Delta wing
A delta wing is a wing shaped in the form of a triangle. It is named for its similarity in shape to the Greek uppercase letter delta (Δ).

Although long studied, the delta wing did not find significant practical applications until the Jet Age, when it proved suitable for high-speed subsonic and supersonic flight. At the other end of the speed scale, the Rogallo flexible wing proved a practical design for the hang glider and other ultralight aircraft. The delta wing form has unique aerodynamic characteristics and structural advantages. Many design variations have evolved over the years, with and without additional stabilising surfaces.
Schänis railway station
Schänis railway station (German: Bahnhof Schänis) is a railway station in the municipality of Schänis in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen. It is on the Rapperswil to Ziegelbrücke line. It is one of two railway stations in the Gemarkung of Schänis, the other being the much larger Ziegelbrücke railway station at the border to Canton Glarus.

Ziegelbrücke railway station
Ziegelbrücke railway station (German: Bahnhof Ziegelbrücke) is a junction station in the village of Ziegelbrücke in Switzerland. Whilst the village is shared between the municipality of Glarus Nord, in the canton of Glarus, and the municipality of Schänis, in the canton of St. Gallen, the station is located in the Gemarkung of Schänis, where it is the larger of two railway stations (the other being Schänis railway station).

Opened in 1875, the station is owned and operated by the Swiss Federal Railways. It is one of the southern termini of the Lake Zurich left bank railway line, a main line that links Zürich Hauptbahnhof with Ziegelbrücke and Näfels.  From Ziegelbrücke, the main line continues, as the Ziegelbrücke–Sargans railway, towards its ultimate destination, Chur.

Ziegelbrücke is also a terminus for two regional lines, the Ziegelbrücke–Linthal railway and the Rapperswil–Ziegelbrücke railway.
Felipe Luciano
Felipe Luciano (born 1947, East Harlem, New York City) is a poet, community activist, journalist, media personality, and politician. He is of Afro-Puerto Rican heritage. He is known for his significant involvement in both the Young Lords Party and The Last Poets, and more generally, as "an early and important participant in the awakening of the new consciousness-raising radicalism among Puerto Ricans in New York and across the country in the late 1960s and 1970s."

Luciano later became a radio, television, and print journalist.

The Last Poets
The Last Poets is a poetry collective and musical group that arose in the late 1960s as part of the African-American civil rights movement and black nationalism. The name was inspired by revolutionary South African poet Keorapetse Kgositsile who believed he was in the last era of poetry before guns took over.

The group originally comprised Jalaluddin Mansur Nuriddin, Umar Bin Hassan and Abiodun Oyewole. Lineup changes and departures led to offshoots, including The Original Last Poets composed of Oyewole, Gylan Kain and David Nelson. Critic Jason Ankeny wrote: "With their politically charged raps, taut rhythms, and dedication to raising African-American consciousness, the Last Poets almost single-handedly laid the groundwork for the emergence of hip-hop." The British music magazine NME stated, "Serious spokesmen like Gil Scott-Heron, The Last Poets, and later Gary Byrd, paved the way for the many socially committed Black [emcees] a decade later."
Minna! ESPer Dayo! (TV series)
Minna! Esper Dayo! (みんな！ エスパーだよ！, Minna! Esper Dayo!) is a 2013 Japanese twelve-part science fiction comedy television miniseries adapted from the seinen manga series Minna! Esper Dayo! written and illustrated by Kiminori Wakasugi. It aired on TV Tokyo from April 12 to July 5, 2013. The show's theme song is Japanese-language song "(Where's) The Silent Majority?" by the Japanese singer-songwriter Yu Takahashi. It was followed by a 2015 TV special titled All Esper Dayo! SP.

All Esper Dayo! SP
All Esper Dayo! SP (みんな!エスパーだよ!番外編 ～エスパー、都へ行く～, Minna! Esper dayo! Bangaihen ~Esper, miyako e iku~) is a 2015 Japanese comedy-drama science fiction mystery television special directed by Sion Sono. It continues the story from the 2013 TV series adaptation of the seinen manga series Minna! Esper Dayo! written and illustrated by Kiminori Wakasugi. Sion Sono later directed a theatrical adaptation of the source material, released as The Virgin Psychics (2015).