hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2025 Tibet earthquake
On 7 January 2025 at 09:05 CST (UTC+8), an earthquake measuring Mw 7.1 struck Tingri County, located in the Shigatse prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of Southwestern China. Between 126 and 400 people were killed and 338 were injured in the region. The earthquake also injured 13 people in Nepal and caused minor damage in Northern India. Shaking was felt across South Asia. The earthquake was the largest in China since the Maduo earthquake in May 2021 and the deadliest since at least the Jishishan earthquake in December 2023. It was caused by normal faulting and originated within the continental crust at 10 km (6.2 mi) depth.

Tingri County
Tingri County (Tibetan: དིང་རི་རྫོང་།; simplified Chinese: 定日县; traditional Chinese: 定日縣; pinyin: Dìngrì Xiàn) is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shigatse in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

The county comprises the upper valley of the Bum-chu or Arun River, with the valleys of its tributaries, the valleys of the Rongshar Tsangpo and the Lapchi Gang Tsangpo which flow south into Nepal. It is bordered on the south by the main range of the Himalayas, including Mount Everest (Tib. Jomolangma), Makalu and Cho Oyu. The present county administration is located at Shelkar, about 87 km (54 mi) east of Tingri (town).

Tingri is one of the four counties (the other three being Dinjie, Nyalam, and Kyirong) that comprise the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve, a protected area spanning 3.381 million hectares.
Gemini (language model)
Gemini is a family of multimodal large language models (LLMs) developed by Google DeepMind, and the successor to LaMDA and PaLM 2. Comprising Gemini Pro, Gemini Deep Think, Gemini Flash, and Gemini Flash Lite, it was announced on December 6, 2023. It powers the chatbot of the same name.

PaLM
PaLM (Pathways Language Model) is a 540 billion-parameter dense decoder-only transformer-based large language model (LLM) developed by Google AI. Researchers also trained smaller versions of PaLM (with 8 and 62 billion parameters) to test the effects of model scale.
Round Lake (Clark County, Washington)
Round Lake is a small lake in Camas, Washington, U.S. The lake is connected at its north-west tip to Lacamas Lake and is accessed from Lacamas Park. The park includes a trail that goes entirely around Round Lake, and across the approximately 75-foot (23 m) dam that controls the level of Lacamas Lake and Round Lake. The lake has rainbow trout, brown trout, bluegill and smallmouth bass.

Lacamas Lake
Lacamas Lake is a small lake in Clark County, Washington.  It is a popular place to fish and water ski for locals from Vancouver, Camas and Washougal. It connects to Round Lake via a channel that runs under the SR 500 bridge on the southeast side of the lake. In the 1990s many high tech manufacturing plants and expensive housing developments began to appear in the area around the lake.  The lake is very warm compared to other lakes in the area and the temperature can drop off quickly with depth. As it is now, the 60-foot-deep (18 m) lake cannot support life below about 18 ft (5.5 m) (see Dead Zone).  The Georgia-Pacific Mill in Camas used to draw water from the lake to support its operations; however, Georgia-Pacific donated the two dams on Round Lake to the City of Camas in 2018.
Second Hawke ministry
The second Hawke ministry (Labor) was the 55th ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 23rd Prime Minister, Bob Hawke. The second Hawke ministry succeeded the first Hawke ministry, which dissolved on 13 December 1984 following the federal election that took place on 1 December. The ministry was replaced by the third Hawke ministry on 24 July 1987 following the 1987 federal election.

Third Hawke ministry
The third Hawke ministry (Labor) was the 56th ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 23rd Prime Minister, Bob Hawke. The third Hawke ministry succeeded the second Hawke ministry, which dissolved on 24 July 1987 following the federal election that took place on 11 July. The ministry was replaced by the fourth Hawke ministry on 4 April 1990 following the 1990 federal election.
Usha Narayanan
Usha Narayanan, born Tint Tint (Burmese: တင့်တင့်; 1922 — 24 January 2008), was the First Lady of India from 1997 to 2002. She was married to K. R. Narayanan, the tenth President of India.  Usha Narayanan was India's second foreign-born first lady (also second foreign-born second lady) after Janaki Venkataraman. She played a key role in women social welfare activities initiated by the presidency.

First ladies and gentlemen of India
First Lady of India or First Gentleman of India is the title given to the host of the Rashtrapati Bhavan, usually the spouse of the president of India. There are no official roles or duties assigned to the spouse. The spouse generally attends official ceremonies and functions.

The position of a first spouse of India is currently vacant, as President Droupadi Murmu is widowed.
Machinedrum
Travis Stewart (born March 4, 1982), better known as Machinedrum, is an American electronic record producer and performer from North Carolina. He has also recorded as Syndrone and Tstewart. He is one half of Sepalcure, with Praveen Sharma, one half of JETS, with Jimmy Edgar, as well as half of Dream Continuum with Jim Coles, a.k.a. Om Unit.

Jimmy Edgar
Jimmy Edgar (born August 10, 1983) is an American electronic music producer, conceptual artist and sound designer from Detroit, Michigan. He initially released music under the names Michaux and Kristuit Salu and Morris Nightingale, before formally releasing his first solo album Color Strip (2006) on Warp Records after he signed to the label at age 18. This release was followed by XXX (2010) on !K7 Records in 2010, and after his last solo LP Majenta (2012), Edgar has since released several EPs on the imprint New Reality Now, often designing the album covers with his partner Pilar Zeta.
Southdown Road Skew Bridge
Southdown Road Skew Bridge is a ribbed skew arch railway bridge, which carries the Midland Main Line across Southdown Road in Harpenden, Hertfordshire. Built of brick by the Midland Railway and opening in 1868, it is notable for its extreme skew angle of approximately 65°.

Skew arch
A skew arch (also known as an oblique arch) is a method of construction that enables an arch bridge to span an obstacle at some angle other than a right angle. This results in the faces of the arch not being perpendicular to its abutments and its plan view being a parallelogram, rather than the rectangle that is the plan view of a regular, or "square" arch.

In the case of a masonry skew arch, the construction requires precise stonecutting, as the cuts do not form right angles, but once the principles were fully understood in the early 19th century, it became considerably easier and cheaper to build a skew arch of brick.

The problem of building skew arch masonry bridges was addressed by a number of early civil engineers and mathematicians, including Giovanni Barbara (1726), William Chapman (1787), Benjamin Outram (1798), Peter Nicholson (1828), George Stephenson (1830), Edward Sang (1835), Charles Fox (1836), George W. Buck (1839) and William Froude (c. 1844).
Jimmy Bryant
Ivy John Bryant Jr. (March 5, 1925 – September 22, 1980), known as Jimmy Bryant, was an American country music guitarist. He is best known for his collaborations with steel guitarist Speedy West and his session work.

Speedy West
Wesley Webb West (January 25, 1924 – November 15, 2003), better known as Speedy West, was an American pedal steel guitarist and record producer. He frequently played with Jimmy Bryant, both in their own duo and as part of the regular Capitol Records backing band for Tennessee Ernie Ford and many others. The duo also recorded with non-Capitol artists in Los Angeles. In 1960, Speedy played on and produced Loretta Lynn's first single. During his time at Capitol, he played on over 6000 recordings, including pop records by artists like Frank Sinatra and Bing Crosby. West, who began playing Paul Bigsby's second ever pedal steel guitar in 1947, was the first country steel guitarist to use a pedal guitar. Nashville players like Bud Isaacs would adopt it in the early 1950s. After a stroke in 1981, West was unable to play pedal steel, but would continue to attend steel guitar conventions.
Giuseppe Pelle
Giuseppe Pelle (Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈzɛppe ˈpɛlle]; born 20 August 1960) is an Italian criminal from San Luca, and member of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type organisation in Calabria. He is the son of Antonio Pelle, also known as Ntoni Gambazza, the capo crimine, the ceremonial head of the 'Ndrangheta.

Antonio Pelle
Antonio Pelle (Italian pronunciation: [anˈtɔːnjo ˈpɛlle]; March 1, 1932 – November 4, 2009), also known as Ntoni Gambazza ("Tony Bad Leg"), was a historically significant and charismatic 'Ndrangheta boss from San Luca in Calabria. He was the patriarch of the San Luca locale and the 'Ndrangheta capo crimine, the titular head of the organisation, although with little effective power. He reached the rank of vangelo, at the time the highest rank in the organisation.
Relative luminance
Relative luminance   follows the photometric definition of luminance  including spectral weighting for human vision, but while luminance  is a measure of light in units such as , relative luminance  values are normalized as 0.0 to 1.0 (or 1 to 100), with 1.0 (or 100) being a theoretical perfect reflector of 100% reference white. Like the photometric definition, it is related to the luminous flux density in a particular direction, which is radiant flux density weighted by the luminous efficiency function  of the CIE Standard Observer.

The use of relative values is useful in color or appearance models that describe perception relative to the eye's adaptation state and a reference white. For example, in prepress for print media, the absolute luminance of light reflecting off the print depends on the specific illumination, but a color appearance model using relative luminance can predict the appearance by referencing the given light source.

Luminance
Luminance is a photometric measure of the luminous intensity per unit area of light travelling in a given direction. It describes the amount of light that passes through, is emitted from, or is reflected from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle.

The procedure for conversion from spectral radiance to luminance is standardized by the CIE and ISO.

Brightness is the term for the subjective impression of the objective luminance measurement standard (see Objectivity (science) § Objectivity in measurement for the importance of this contrast).

The SI unit for luminance is candela per square metre (cd/m2). A non-SI term for the same unit is the nit. The unit in the Centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS) (which predated the SI system) is the stilb, which is equal to one candela per square centimetre or 10 kcd/m2.
Community Colleges of Spokane
Community Colleges of Spokane is a community college district based in Spokane, Washington. Established in 1963, CCS serves over 28,000 students a year, spread across a 12,300-square-mile (32,000 km2) service district in Eastern Washington. It comprises Spokane Community College and Spokane Falls Community College.

Spokane Falls Community College
Spokane Falls Community College (SFCC) is a public community college in Spokane, Washington. Established in 1967, it is a part of the Community Colleges of Spokane. SFCC enrolls approximately 3,805 students and has an open admission policy with a 100% acceptance rate and no application fee.
Chi Atienza
Angela Lei "Chi" Ilagan Atienza–Valdepeñas (born July 26, 1981), also nicknamed as Chi-Chi, is a Filipino politician who has been the 35th vice mayor of Manila, the capital city of the Philippines, since 2025. A daughter of former mayor Lito Atienza, she is a graduate of De La Salle University. Before entering politics, she worked as a journalist and television host for PTV.

Lito Atienza
Jose "Lito" Livioko Atienza Jr. (Tagalog pronunciation: [ɐˈtʃɛnsa]; born August 10, 1941) is a Filipino politician who served as a 24th Mayor of Manila for three consecutive terms from 1998 to 2007, He also served as the 30th Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources from 2007 to 2009 in the Administration of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, and was Party-list Representative for Buhay from 2013 to 2022, as House Deputy Speaker from 2020 to 2022. He unsuccessfully ran for vice president of the Philippines in the 2022 elections as the running mate of Senator Manny Pacquiao.

Outside of politics, Atienza is known for hosting the drama anthology television series Maynila, which aired on GMA Network from 1999 to 2020.
Alia bint Mohammed
Sayyida Alia bint Mohammed bin Hilal Al Busaidi (Arabic: علياء بنت محمد بن هلال البوسعيدية) is a member of the Omani royal family. She is married to Sayyid Theyazin bin Haitham Al Said, the Crown Prince of Oman.

Theyazin bin Haitham
Sayyid Theyazin bin Haitham Al Said (Arabic: ذي يزن بن هيثم آل سعيد, romanized: Ḏī Yazin bin Hayṯam ʾĀl Saʿīd; born 21 August 1990) is the Crown Prince of Oman and the Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs.
USS Joseph Hewes (AP-50)
USS Joseph Hewes (AP-50/APA-22), formerly SS Excalibur, was a troop transport for the United States Navy during World War II commanded by Captain Robert McLanahan Smith Jr. A part of the Center Attack Group of Admiral Hewitt's Western Naval Task Force, Operation Torch, Joseph Hewes was sunk on November 11, 1942 by the German submarine U-173 in Fedala Roads off French Morocco coast during the Naval Battle of Casablanca.

German submarine U-173
German submarine U-173 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was laid down at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser yard in Bremen as yard number 1013, launched on 11 August 1941 and commissioned on 15 November with Fregattenkapitän Heinz-Ehler Beucke in command.

U-173 began her service career with training as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla. She was reassigned to the 2nd flotilla for operations on 1 July 1942.
Duggirala Gopalakrishnayya
Duggirala Gopalakrishnayya  (Telugu: దుగ్గిరాల గోపాలకృష్ణయ్య), (2 June 1889 – 10 June 1928) was an Indian freedom fighter and member of the Indian National Congress from the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. Known by his title of Andhra Ratna (Telugu: ఆంధ్ర రత్న, translates to "Jewel of Andhra" or "Gem of Andhra." Sri Duggirala Gopalakrishnayya, Gopalakrishnayya was the first Andhra leader to become secretary of the All India Congress Committee. Sri Duggirala Gopalakrishnayya, was a very captivating poet, speaker, songwriter, philosopher, singer and an extraordinary revolutionary with a philosophy of non-violence. Sri Nadimpalli Venkata Lakshmi Narasimha Rao worked in tandem with Sri Duggirala Gopalakrishnayya. For his exemplary work and sacrifices for freedom movement in Andhra, he was fondly conferred the name 'Andhra Ratna' (Jewel of state Andhra Pradesh state)

Nadimpalli Venkata Lakshmi Narasimha Rao
Nadimpalli Venkata Lakshmi Narasimha Rao (1 January 1890 – 16 January 1978) (often known as N.V.L.) of Guntur popularly known as "Guntur Kesari" was an Indian freedom fighter who worked in tandem with "Andhra Kesari" Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu. In 1953 he acted as pro tem speaker of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
Fog computing
Fog computing or fog networking, also known as fogging, is an architecture that uses edge devices to carry out a substantial amount of computation (edge computing), storage, and communication locally and routed over the Internet backbone.

Edge computing
Edge computing is a distributed computing model that brings computation and data storage closer to the sources of data. More broadly, it refers to any design that pushes computation physically closer to a user, so as to reduce the latency compared to when an application runs on a centralized data center.

The term began being used in the 1990s to describe content delivery networks—these were used to deliver website and video content from servers located near users. In the early 2000s, these systems expanded their scope to hosting other applications, leading to early edge computing services. These services could do things like find dealers, manage shopping carts, gather real-time data, and place ads.

The Internet of things (IoT), where devices are connected to the Internet, is often linked with edge computing.
The Bootneck Boy
"The Bootneck Boy" is a British comic war story published in the weekly anthology Battle Picture Weekly from 8 March 1975 to 12 November 1977 by IPC Magazines. Set during World War II, the story follows Danny Budd, a youth from the fictional Northern England town of Tynecastle as he strives to join the Royal Marines.

Battle Picture Weekly
Battle Picture Weekly (at various times also known as Battle and Valiant, Battle Action, Battle Action Force, Battle and Battle with Storm Force) was a British weekly boys' war comic published by IPC Magazines from 8 March 1975 to 23 January 1988, when it merged with the new incarnation of Eagle after 644 issues. Most stories were set in World War II, with some based on other conflicts, while factual features also focused on warfare.

Devised by Pat Mills and John Wagner in response to rival DC Thomson's similarly themed Warlord, the title was an instant success. Many of the stories printed in the comic have since received critical acclaim and been published in collected editions, notably "Charley's War". Since 2016 Rebellion Developments have owned the majority of Battle Picture Weekly's characters and material, and have published revival publications.
Bilirubin
Bilirubin (BR) (adopted from German, originally bili, for bile, plus ruber, Latin for red) is a red-orange compound that occurs  as the reduction product of biliverdin, a breakdown product of heme.

It is further broken down in the colon to urobilinogen, most of which becomes stercobilin, causing the brown color of feces. Some unconverted urobilinogen, metabolised to urobilin, provides the straw-yellow color in urine.

Although bilirubin is usually found in animals rather than plants, at least one plant species, Strelitzia nicolai, is known to contain the pigment.

Stercobilin
Stercobilin is a tetrapyrrolic bile pigment and is one end-product of heme catabolism. It is the chemical responsible for the brown color of human feces and was originally isolated from feces in 1932. Stercobilin (and related urobilin) can be used as a marker for biochemical identification of fecal pollution levels in rivers.
Warner/Reprise Loss Leaders
The Warner/Reprise Loss Leaders were a series of promotional sampler compilation albums released by Warner Bros. Records throughout the 1970s. Each album (usually a 2-record set) contained a wide variety of tracks by artists under contract to Warner Bros. and its subsidiary labels (primarily Reprise Records); often these were singles, B-sides, non-hit album tracks, or otherwise obscure material, all designed to arouse interest in the artists' regular albums. Also found on some were humorous, bizarre interstitial audio material—clips from old records and movies, short skits, found sound, etc.--and most albums featured clever, humorous cover art and liner notes. Most of the 1970s albums were compiled and annotated by Barry Hansen, better known as Dr. Demento.

Sampler album
A sampler or promotional compilation is a type of compilation album generally offered at a reduced price to showcase an artist or a selection of artists signed to a particular record label. The format became popular in the late 1960s as record labels sought to promote artists whose works were primarily available in album rather than single format, and therefore had little opportunity to gain exposure through singles-dominated radio airplay. Most samplers showcased already-released material, so that as they sampled artists they also sampled the albums from which their tracks were drawn. The term "album sampler" is also used in cases where an album is distributed among multiple records in case of, for example, vinyl where the maximum play time is less than the length of the full album. In these cases, album sampler titles may be added to each vinyl.
2025 Minneapolis City Council election
The 2025 Minneapolis City Council election occurred in the city of Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States on November 4, 2025.  The Minneapolis City Council is made up of 13 members representing different parts of the city. Members elected in 2025 will serve four-year terms. Council members were elected alongside elections for mayor and other municipal offices.

2025 Minneapolis mayoral election
The 2025 Minneapolis mayoral election was held on November 4, 2025. The mayor Jacob Frey won re-election to a third term. Minneapolis uses instant-runoff voting, also known as ranked choice voting, in its mayoral elections. Voters are allowed to rank up to three candidates on their ranked choice ballots. The election was held alongside races for city council and other municipal offices.
Just de Noailles
Antonin Claude Dominique Just de Noailles (22 August 1777 in Paris – 1 August 1846 in Paris), 7th Prince of Poix then (from 1834) 4th Spanish Duke of Mouchy, 3rd French Duke of Mouchy and Duke of Poix, was a French politician.

Duke of Mouchy
Duke of Mouchy  (Spanish: Duque de Mouchy) was a hereditary title in the Spanish nobility, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1747 by Ferdinand VI to Philippe de Noailles, a French military officer. After failure of the 1st Duke's successors in inheriting the dukedom through the established legal procedures, the title expired in the Kingdom of Spain. Withal, it was bestowed by Louis XVIII on the eldest son of the 1st Duke in 1817 as a title in the French peerage.

The Dukedom of Mouchy has since been held by members of a cadet branch of the Noailles family. Owing to the political system of France, a republic, the title is unrecognised (as with all titles). The title could have nonetheless been rehabilitated legally in Spain prior to 1988, when a legal reform was made prohibiting titles with more than forty years of disuse from being revived.
Neusiok Trail
The Neusiok Trail /ˈnjuːsiɒk/ is a 20.4-mile (32.8 km) hiking trail located in the Croatan National Forest in Carteret County, North Carolina.  The trail traverses the forest from a sandy beach on the Neuse River to a salt marsh on the Newport River, and along the way, it crosses cypress swamps, hardwood ridges, longleaf-pine savannah and pocosin—shrubby bogs  The entire Neusiok is part of the almost 1,200 mile Mountains-to-Sea Trail (MST) which spans North Carolina, and the MST in the Croatan is a designated National Recreation Trail.

Croatan National Forest
The Croatan National Forest (/ˈkroʊətæn/) is a U.S. national forest, was established on July 29, 1936, and is located on the Atlantic coast of North Carolina. It is administered by the United States Forest Service, a part of the United States Department of Agriculture. The forest is managed together with the other three North Carolina National Forests (Nantahala, Pisgah, and Uwharrie) from common headquarters in Asheville, North Carolina. However, Croatan has a local ranger district office in New Bern.

In 2023, more than 32,000 acres burned in the Great Lakes Fire, which began on April 19 and continued until heavy rains in June.