hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anna Palaiologina (daughter of Andronikos Angelos Palaiologos)
Anna Palaiologina (Greek: Ἅννα Παλαιολογίνα) was a queen-consort (basilissa) of the Despotate of Epirus as wife of John II Orsini. She was regent for her son Nikephoros II Orsini in 1337–1338. She later married the Lord of Valona, John Komnenos Asen.

John II Orsini
John II Orsini (Italian: Giovanni II Orsini), also John Komnenos Doukas or Comnenus Ducas (Ancient Greek: Ἰωάννης Κομνηνός Δούκας, romanized: Iōannēs Komnēnos Doukas), was a Greek-Italian noble man who rose to count palatine of Cephalonia from 1323 to 1324 and Despot of Epirus from 1323 to 1335.
2020 dismissals of inspectors general
In April and May 2020, United States president Donald Trump dismissed the inspectors general (IGs) of five cabinet departments in the space of six weeks. The inspectors general removed were Michael K. Atkinson, Intelligence, on April 3; Glenn Fine (acting), Defense, April 7; Christi Grimm (acting), Health and Human Services, May 1; Mitch Behm (acting), Transportation, May 15; and Steve Linick, State, May 15. In four of the cases the announcement was made late on a Friday night in a classic Friday news dump. In several cases the fired IGs had taken an action which Trump disliked, so that the dismissals were widely described as retaliation. In two other cases, questions were raised about whether the dismissals related to ongoing IG investigations into the conduct of the cabinet secretary in charge of that department. The cumulative firings were often described as a "purge" or as a "war on watchdogs".

Steve Linick
Steven Alan Linick (/ˈlɪnɪk/ LIN-ik; born 1963) is an American attorney and State Department official who served as Inspector General of the Department of State and led the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of State. In 2013, he was nominated by President Barack Obama and was confirmed by the United States Senate. Linick was removed from office by Donald Trump on May 15, 2020, effective in 30 days per federal law, with Stephen Akard appointed acting inspector general in the interim.
History of Banbury
Banbury is a circa 1,500-year-old market town and civil parish on the River Cherwell in the Cherwell District of Oxfordshire, England. It is 64 miles (103 km) northwest of London, 38 miles (61 km) southeast of Birmingham, 27 miles (43 km) south of Coventry and 21 miles (34 km) north northwest of the county town of Oxford.

Cherwell (district)
Cherwell (/ˈtʃɑːrwɛl/ CHAR-wel or /ˈtʃɜːrwɛl/ CHUR-wel) is a local government district in northern Oxfordshire, England. The district was created in 1974 and takes its name from the River Cherwell, which drains south through the region to flow into the River Thames at Oxford. Towns in Cherwell include Banbury, where the council is based, and Bicester. Kidlington is a contender for largest village in England.
Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges
The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC) represents colleges and schools of veterinary medicine in the United States, Canada, and other countries. Its activities include involvement in veterinary medical education, oversees the accreditation process for veterinary medical schools and colleges in collaboration with the American Veterinary Medical Association, and manages the Veterinary Medical College Application Service.

Veterinary Medical College Application Service
The Veterinary Medical College Application Service (VMCAS) is a centralized application service for students applying to veterinary school. Created by the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC) in 1995, VMCAS handles applications for most of the veterinary schools in the United States, as well as several in Canada, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia.
2009–10 Cypriot Cup
The 2009–10 Cypriot Cup was the 68th edition of the Cypriot Cup. A total of 28 clubs entered the competition. It began on 23 September 2009 with the first round and concluded on 15 May 2010 with the final which was held at GSZ Stadium. Apollon won their 6th Cypriot Cup trophy after beating APOEL 2–1 in the final.

Apollon Limassol FC
Apollon Limassol FC (Greek: Απόλλων Λεμεσού, Apollon Lemesou) is a Cypriot sports club, based in Limassol. It has football, basketball and volleyball teams. Founded in 1954, Apollon FC currently plays in the Cypriot First Division and has won the championship title four times, the cup nine times and the Super Cup four times.
Luckystar of Ware
Luckystar of Ware, was a male English Cocker Spaniel who won the title of Best In Show at Cruft's in  both 1930 and 1931. He was the first dog to retain the title, and the first of three dogs owned by H. S. Lloyd to win the Cruft's Best in Show title, including Tracey Witch of Ware, the granddaughter of Luckystar.

Tracey Witch of Ware
Tracey Witch of Ware was a female English Cocker Spaniel who won the title of Best In Show at Cruft's in both 1948 and 1950. She missed out on the Best in Show judging in 1952 because of a delay in breed judging, and also became Reserve Best in Show in 1953. She was a descendant of a previous Cruft's Best in Show winner, Luckystar of Ware.
Holy Spider
Holy Spider (Persian: عنکبوت مقدس, romanized: Ankabut-e moqaddas) is a 2022 Persian-language crime thriller film co-produced, co-written and directed by Ali Abbasi, starring Mehdi Bajestani and Zar Amir Ebrahimi. Based on the true story of Saeed Hanaei, a serial killer who targeted street prostitutes and killed at least 16 women from 2000 to 2001 in Mashhad, Iran, the film depicts a fictional female journalist investigating a serial killer.

Holy Spider was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or at the 2022 Cannes Film Festival in May, where Ebrahimi won the Best Actress Award for her performance. It was chosen as the Danish entry for Best International Feature Film at the 95th Academy Awards, and made the December shortlist.

Saeed Hanaei
Saeed Hanaei or Said Hanai (Persian: سعید حنایی; 1962 – April 17, 2002) was an Iranian serial killer, arrested in 2001 for the murders of at least 16 women in Mashhad. Hanaei was referred to as the "Spider Killer" for the way he lured his victims, mainly prostitutes, back to his home before strangling them. His arrest caused controversy in Iran at the time, with some religious extremists expressing support for his self-described fight against "moral corruption". He was executed by hanging on April 17, 2002.
Sattahip Bay
Sattahip Bay (Thai: อ่าวสัตหีบ, RTGS: Ao Sattahip, pronounced [ʔàːw sàt.tā.hìːp]) is a bay in the east side of the Gulf of Siam or Gulf of Thailand. It is in Sattahip District, Chonburi Province, Thailand.

Sattahip district
Sattahip (Thai: สัตหีบ, pronounced [sàt.tā.hìːp]) is a district (amphoe) in Chonburi province, Thailand. It is at the southern tip of the province southeast of Bangkok. In 2014, the district had a population of 157,000 in an area of 348.122 km2.
Schools of Planning and Architecture
The Schools of Planning and Architecture (SPAs) are centrally funded technical institutes located across India. They are a group of autonomous public institutes of higher education under Ministry of Education, Government of India. They were established with the objectives of providing quality Architecture and physical planning education. The SPAs primarily offer undergraduate, postgraduate, doctoral and executive education programmes.

Each SPA is autonomous and exercises independent control over its day-to-day operations. However, the administration of all SPAs and the overall strategy of SPAs is overseen by the SPA council. The SPA Council is headed by India's Minister of Human Resource Development (MHRD) and consists of the chairpersons and directors of all SPAs and senior officials from the MHRD.

Ministry of Education (India)
The Ministry of Education (MoE) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education. The ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.

The current education minister is Dharmendra Pradhan, a member of the Council of Ministers. India has had a Ministry of Education since 1947. In 1985, the Rajiv Gandhi government changed its name to the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), and with the newly drafted "National Education Policy 2020" by the Narendra Modi government, the Ministry of Human Resource Development was renamed back to the Ministry of Education.
Henry Darcy
Henry Philibert Gaspard Darcy (French: [ɑ̃ʁi daʁsi]; 10 June 1803 – 3 January 1858) was a French engineer who made several important contributions to hydraulics, including Darcy’s law for flow in porous media.

Darcy's law
Darcy's law is an equation that describes the flow of a fluid through a porous medium and through a Hele-Shaw cell. The law was formulated by Henry Darcy based on results of experiments on the flow of water through beds of sand, forming the basis of hydrogeology, a branch of earth sciences. It is analogous to Ohm's law in electrostatics, linearly relating the volume flow rate of the fluid to the hydraulic head difference (which is often just proportional to the pressure difference) via the hydraulic conductivity. In fact, the Darcy's law is a special case of the Stokes equation for the momentum flux, in turn deriving from the momentum Navier–Stokes equation.
Holy Martyrs of Lisbon
The Holy Martyrs of Lisbon (Portuguese: Santos Mártires de Lisboa) were three Christian siblings, Verissimus, Maxima, and Julia, executed in Olisipo in the Roman province of Lusitania (modern-day Lisbon, Portugal), during the Diocletianic Persecution.

The martyrdom of Verissimus, Maxima, and Julia is the subject of a series of paintings by Garcia Fernandes, painted c. 1530.

Olisipo
Municipium Cives Romanorum Felicitas Julia Olisipo (in Latin: Olisippo or Ulyssippo ; in Greek: Ὀλισσιπών, Olissipṓn, or Ὀλισσιπόνα, Olissipóna) was the ancient name of modern-day Lisbon while it was part of the Roman Empire.
Blinking Lights and Other Revelations
Blinking Lights and Other Revelations is the sixth studio album by American band Eels. It was recorded over the space of 1998 to 2004 and released on April 26, 2005 through record label Vagrant, his first album on a new label following Eels' departure from DreamWorks Records.

A 33-track double album, Blinking Lights has been seen as one of frontman E's most personal records, and was met with some of the strongest critical reviews of his career. The album features guest appearances by Tom Waits, Peter Buck and John Sebastian. It would also be the last album to feature the band's original drummer Jonathan "Butch" Norton.

Vagrant Records
Vagrant Records is an American record label based in California. It was founded in 1995 by Rich Egan and Jon Cohen. The label focuses on rock, but features artists in a variety of other genres including folk, soul, electronic, and pop. The label is considered one of the pre-eminent labels of the emo music scene.

In 2014, Vagrant was acquired by BMG Rights Management. Co-founder Jon Cohen then became BMG's executive vice president of recorded music, until he left the company in September 2017. It remains to be distributed autonomously (outside of BMG's main distribution partner Warner Music Group), by affiliated labels in selected countries.
Murray Hill, New Jersey
Murray Hill is an unincorporated community located within portions of both Berkeley Heights and New Providence, located in Union County, in the northern portion of the U.S. state of New Jersey.

It is the longtime central location of Bell Labs, having moved there in 1941 from nearby New York City. The first working transistor was demonstrated in Bell Labs' Murray Hill facility in 1947.

The neighborhood shares its ZIP Code 07974 with the neighboring borough of New Providence.

Murray Hill was named and founded by Carl H. Schultz, founder of a mineral water business once located on First Avenue between 25th and 26th Streets in the Murray Hill district of Manhattan. Schultz purchased a large tract of land there during the 1880s where he built a residence for his family and donated land to be used for a train station with the condition that the area be known as "Murray Hill".

Murray Hill station (NJ Transit)
Murray Hill is a New Jersey Transit station along the Gladstone Branch of the Morris and Essex Lines in the Murray Hill section of New Providence, in Union County, New Jersey, United States. It is located on Foley Place, between Floral Avenue and Southgate Road.
Colin McFarlane
Colin Andrew Ignatius Peter McFarlane (born 15 September 1961) is a British actor, narrator and voice actor. He is known for his roles in film and television including Gillian B. Loeb in two films of Christopher Nolan's The Dark Knight Trilogy (2005–2008) and Ulysses in the STARZ series Outlander (2018–2020). McFarlane's voice roles include JJ in Bob the Builder (2001–2003), Bulgy and Beresford in Thomas & Friends (2017–2020) and PC Malcolm Williams in Fireman Sam (2020–). He was the voice of The Cube (2009–2021) in the ITV game show.

Gillian B. Loeb
Gillian B. Loeb is a fictional character in the DC Universe who serves as an enemy to Batman's ally James "Jim" Gordon in DC Comics publications.

The character was portrayed by Colin McFarlane in The Dark Knight trilogy and Peter Scolari in the television series Gotham.
Archdiocese of Seville
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Seville (Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Hispalensis) is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Seville, Spain. The Diocese of Seville was founded in the 3rd century. It was raised to the level of an archdiocese in the 4th century. The current archbishop is José Ángel Saiz Meneses. It has the suffragan dioceses of:

Cádiz y Ceuta

Córdoba

Huelva

Canaries

Jerez de la Frontera

San Cristóbal de La Laguna o Tenerife

José Ángel Saiz Meneses
José Ángel Saiz Meneses (born 2 August 1956) is a Spanish prelate of the Catholic Church who has served as the metropolitan archbishop of Seville since 2021. He has been a bishop since 2001, serving as an auxiliary in Barcelona from 2001 to 2004 and as bishop of Terrassa from 2004 to 2021.
Trevor Prangley
Trevor Prangley (born 24 August 1972) is a South African mixed martial artist. He has fought in the UFC, Strikeforce, Bellator, Dream, King of the Cage, MFC, the SFL, Shark Fights, and Bodog Fight. He competed in the Middleweight and Light Heavyweight divisions. He was the former King of the Cage Light Heavyweight Champion, the former Shark Fights Light Heavyweight Champion, and the former MFC Light Heavyweight Champion.

Super Fight League
Super Fight League was a mixed martial arts promotion based in India. The organisation was formed in 2012 by actor Sanjay Dutt and British-Indian businessman Raj Kundra, and co-owned by British-Indian businessman Bill Dosanjh and British boxing champion Amir Khan.

Super Fight League had 67 live televised events, with over 100 million views. It has produced at least 50 live televised events broadcast on Colors, Neo Prime, ESPN Star Sports, MTV India and YouTube.
Yolande of Dampierre
Yolande of Dampierre, also known as Yolande of Flanders, Yolande of Kassel and Yolande of Bar (15 September 1326 – 12 December 1395), was Countess of Bar by marriage to Henry IV, Count of Bar. She was Regent of the County of Bar between 1344 and 1349 during the minority of her son Edward II, Count of Bar, and for her son Robert in 1352-1353 and 1356-1359.

Henry IV, Count of Bar
Henry IV of Bar (abt 1315–1344) was count of Bar from 1336 to 1344. His aunt, Joan of Bar, Countess of Surrey, governed Bar in his name during his minority.  He was the son of Edward I of Bar and his wife Marie of Burgundy. He married Yolande of Dampierre (died 1395), a granddaughter of Robert III, Count of Flanders.

Henry and Yolande had two sons:

Edward II of Bar, became count on the death of his father

Robert I of Bar, became count on the death of his brother
Sulcus (neuroanatomy)
In neuroanatomy, a sulcus (Latin: "furrow"; pl.: sulci) is a shallow depression or groove in the cerebral cortex. One or more sulci surround a gyrus (pl. gyri), a ridge on the surface of the cortex, creating the characteristic folded appearance of the brain in humans and most other mammals. The larger sulci are also called fissures. The cortex develops in the fetal stage of corticogenesis, preceding the cortical folding stage known as gyrification. The large fissures and main sulci are the first to develop.

Mammals that have a folded cortex are known as gyrencephalic, and the small-brained mammals that have a smooth cortex, such as rats and mice are termed lissencephalic.

Gyrification
Gyrification is the process of forming the characteristic folds of the cerebral cortex. The peak of such a fold is called a gyrus (pl. gyri), and its trough is called a sulcus (pl. sulci).  The neurons of the cerebral cortex reside in a thin layer of gray matter, only 2–4 mm thick, at the surface of the brain.  Much of the interior volume is occupied by white matter, which consists of long axonal projections to and from the cortical neurons residing near the surface.  Gyrification allows a larger cortical surface area, and hence greater cognitive functionality to fit inside a smaller cranium.

In most mammals, gyrification begins during fetal development. Primates, cetaceans, and ungulates have extensive cortical gyri, with a few species exceptions, while small rodents such as the rat, and mouse have none. Gyrification in some animals, for example the ferret, continues well into postnatal life.
Aki-Matilda Høegh-Dam
Aki-Matilda Høegh-Dam (born 17 October 1996) is a Greenlandic nationalist politician who currently serves in the Inatsisartut and concurrently in the Folketing. She was elected to the Folketing during the 2019 Danish general election at the age of 22, becoming its youngest member. Previously a member of the centre-left Siumut, she is now a member of the centre-right Naleraq Party.

Naleraq
Naleraq (lit. 'Point of Orientation'), previously known as Partii Naleraq, is a centrist-populist and nationalist political party in Greenland. While parties such as Inuit Ataqatigiit and Siumut also favor Greenlandic independence, Naleraq is seen as advocating for more immediate independence, and promised in the lead-up to the 2025 election to hold a referendum on the issue.
Maryland Racing Media Stakes top three finishers and starters
This is a listing of the horses that finished in either first, second, or third place and the number of starters in the Maryland Racing Media Stakes, an American stakes race for fillies and mares three years-old and up at one and one eighth miles on dirt held at Laurel Park Racecourse in Laurel, Maryland.  (List 1992-present)

Maryland Racing Media Stakes
The Maryland Racing Media Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run in February of each year at Laurel Park Racecourse in Baltimore, Maryland.

It is set at a distance of one and one sixteenth miles (eight and one half furlongs) on the dirt for fillies and mares and three years old and up. It is run for a purse of $100,000.

The race was named in honor of the Maryland Racing Media Association which was organized under the name of the Maryland Racing Writers' Association in 1937. It held its first meeting at Havre de Grave race track in that year. Originally the association was restricted to members of the print media; the membership now includes members from television, radio, publicity and photojournalism as well. The stakes record is held by Irving's Baby who won the race at 1+1⁄8 miles in 2002 in 1:50.20.
May Agbamuche-Mbu
May Agbamuche-Mbu is a Nigerian lawyer and electoral official who served as the acting national chairperson of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) from 7 to 9 October 2025.

She was automatically appointed after the retirement of Mahmood Yakubu in compliance with INEC's internal succession procedure, which directs the most senior commissioner to assume leadership in an acting capacity before a substantive chairperson is appointed.

Independent National Electoral Commission (Nigeria)
The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is the electoral body which oversees elections in Nigeria. It was established in 1998 shortly before Nigeria's transition from military to civilian rule.
Maternal feminism
Maternal feminism is the belief of many early feminists that women as mothers and caregivers had an important but distinctive role to play in society and in politics. 
It incorporates reform ideas from social feminism, and combines the concepts of maternalism and feminism. It was a widespread philosophy among well-to-do women in the British Empire, particularly Canada, from the late 19th century until after World War I (1914–18). The concept was attacked by later feminists as accepting the paternalist view of society and providing an excuse for inequality.

Social feminism
Social feminism is a feminist movement that advocates for social rights and special accommodations for women. It was first used to describe members of the women's suffrage movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries who were concerned with social problems that affected women and children. They saw obtaining the vote mainly as a means to achieve their reform goals rather than a primary goal in itself. After women gained the right to vote, social feminism continued in the form of labor feminists who advocated for protectionist legislation and special benefits for women. The term is widely used, although some historians have questioned its validity.
CGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 is an enzyme (EC 3.1.4.17) from the phosphodiesterase class. It is found in various tissues, most prominently the corpus cavernosum of the clitoris and of the penis as well as the retina. It has also been recently discovered to play a vital role in the cardiovascular system.

The phosphodiesterase (PDE) isozymes, found in several tissues including the rod and cone photoreceptor cells of the retina, belong to a large family of cyclic nucleotide PDEs that catalyze cAMP and cGMP hydrolysis.

The interest in PDEs as molecular targets of drug action has grown with the development of isozyme-selective PDE inhibitors that offer potent inhibition of selected isozymes without the side-effects attributed to nonselective inhibitors such as theophylline.

Sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, and avanafil are PDE5 inhibitors that are significantly more potent and selective than zaprinast and other early PDE5 inhibitors.

Phosphodiesterase
A phosphodiesterase (PDE) is an enzyme that breaks a phosphodiester bond.  Usually, phosphodiesterase refers to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, which have great clinical significance and are described below.  However, there are many other families of phosphodiesterases, including phospholipases C and D, autotaxin, sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, DNases, RNases, and restriction endonucleases (which all break the phosphodiester backbone of DNA or RNA), as well as numerous less-well-characterized small-molecule phosphodiesterases.

The cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases comprise a group of enzymes that degrade the phosphodiester bond in the second messenger molecules cAMP and cGMP. They regulate the localization, duration, and amplitude of cyclic nucleotide signaling within subcellular domains. PDEs are therefore important regulators of signal transduction mediated by these second messenger molecules.