hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Red Angel (rocket)
Red Angel, a rainbow code name, was an anti-ship unguided rocket developed for the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm as a counter to the Soviet Union's Sverdlov-class cruiser. The goal was for a weapon with a range of 5,000 yards (4,600 m), enough to keep the aircraft out of the range of the ship's anti-aircraft guns.

A number of problems with the system were found during development, along with changes to the Fleet Air Arm makeup. These led to the conclusion that more range was needed, as much as 10,000 yards (9,100 m). Red Angel was cancelled in 1956 in favour of the longer-ranged Green Cheese.

Rainbow Code
The Rainbow Codes were a series of code names used to disguise the nature of various British military research projects. They were mainly used by the Ministry of Supply from the end of the Second World War until 1958, when the ministry was broken up and its functions distributed among the forces. The codes were replaced by an alphanumeric code system, consisting of two letters followed by three digits.
Stuart Freedman
Stuart Jay Freedman (January 13, 1944 – November 10, 2012) was an American physicist, known for his experiment testing Bell's inequality proposed to him by John Clauser at the University of California, Berkeley as well as for his contributions to nuclear and particle physics, particularly weak interaction physics. He was a graduate of Berkeley, receiving a Bachelor of Science in 1965 and his PhD in physics in 1972 under Eugene Commins. While at Berkeley, he worked with fellow graduate student Steven Chu. He was also recipient of 2007 Tom W. Bonner Prize in Nuclear Physics.

He held positions at Princeton University, Stanford University, Argonne National Laboratory, the University of Chicago, the University of California, Berkeley, and the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.

Eugene D. Commins
Eugene David Commins (July 1, 1932 – September 26, 2015) was an American physicist and professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. He was named a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1987. He was also a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Physical Society, and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Leader's Academy High School for Business and Academic Success
Leader's Academy High School for Business and Academic Success, previously the High School for Business and Economic Success (HSBES), was a Grade 7–12 state charter school located on the campus of Windsor Village United Methodist Church in Windsor Village, Houston, in the U.S. state of Texas. The school was formerly named Gulf Shores Academy. In 2011 it merged with Benji's Special Educational Academy into Victory Preparatory Academy.

Benji's Special Educational Academy
Benji's Special Educational Academy Independent School District (or Benji's Academy Charter School) was a state charter school with two campuses (including Benji's II) in the Northside district of Houston, Texas, near the Fifth Ward. The school covered grades Pre-Kindergarten 4-12. The school initially defied an order to close from the Texas Education Agency (TEA). In 2011 it merged with Leader's Academy High School for Business and Academic Success into Victory Preparatory Academy.
Marley & Me (film)
Marley & Me is a 2008 American comedy-drama film directed by David Frankel from a screenplay by Scott Frank and Don Roos, based on the 2005 memoir of the same name by John Grogan. The film stars Owen Wilson and Jennifer Aniston as the owners of Marley, a Labrador retriever.

Marley & Me was released by 20th Century Fox in the United States and Canada on December 25, 2008, and set a record for the largest Christmas Day box office ever with $14.75 million in ticket sales. The film was successful and went on to gross $247.8 million against a $60 million budget, but received mixed reviews from critics.

The film was followed by a 2011 direct-to-video prequel, Marley & Me: The Puppy Years.

Marley & Me: The Puppy Years
Marley & Me: The Puppy Years (originally titled Marley & Me: The Terrible 2's) is a 2011 American direct-to-video comedy film that serves as an intermediate follow-up to Marley & Me (2008). The film was directed by Michael Damian and written by Damian and his wife Janeen Damian. The film was released on DVD on June 1, 2011.

As the title suggests, the film is about Marley in his puppy years. Marley and his owner's nephew Bodi Grogan (Travis Turner) cause trouble at the local dog contest. Unlike the original film however, Marley is given a speaking voice (voiced by Grayson Russell).
Supermarine Sheldrake
The Supermarine Sheldrake was a British amphibian biplane flying boat developed by Supermarine from the Supermarine Seagull with a revised hull. It was powered by a Napier Lion engine mounted between the wings driving a four-bladed propeller. Only one Sheldrake, serial number N180, was built.

Supermarine Seagull (1921)
The Supermarine Seagull was a flying boat produced by the British aircraft manufacturer Supermarine. It was developed by Supermarine's chief designer R.J. Mitchell from the experimental Supermarine Seal II.

Development of the Seagull started during 1920. In June 1921 it was evaluated for military applications but was rejected, and so Supermarine developed the aircraft as a private venture. During February 1922, an initial order for two aircraft was placed by the Air Ministry; subsequent production of the Seagull is believed to have assisted Supermarine to survive during a period when the aircraft industry struggled to attract customers.

The Seagull was used by the British Fleet Air Arm for gunnery spotting and reconnaissance duties. It was operated by the Royal Australian Air Force for similar purposes. During the early 1930s, when the type was being replaced by the more successful Supermarine Walrus, a number of Seagulls were re-used for civilian purposes.
Kendra Wilkinson
Kendra Leigh Wilkinson (formerly Baskett; born June 12, 1985) is an American television personality and real estate agent. She first gained recognition as one of Hugh Hefner's girlfriends and for her role on the E! reality television series The Girls Next Door (2005–2009), on which her life in the Playboy Mansion was documented. Although not a Playboy Playmate, she has appeared in three nude pictorials with her Girls Next Door co-stars Holly Madison and Bridget Marquardt. She subsequently starred in her own reality shows, Kendra (2009–2011) and Kendra on Top (2012–2017).

After a four-year break from television, Wilkinson had a career resurgence as a real estate agent and began starring in her own real estate-focused show Kendra Sells Hollywood (2021–2023), which ran for two seasons.

Bridget Marquardt
Bridget Marquardt (born Bridget Christina Sandmeier, September 25, 1973) is an American television personality and podcast host, known for her role in the reality TV series The Girls Next Door, which depicted her life as one of Playboy founder Hugh Hefner's girlfriends. Marquardt has appeared in pictorials with her Girls Next Door co-stars and fellow Hefner girlfriends Holly Madison and Kendra Wilkinson.
Royal Hospital Chelsea
51°29′11″N 0°9′28″W﻿ / ﻿51.48639°N 0.15778°W﻿ / 51.48639; -0.15778
The Royal Hospital Chelsea is an old soldiers' retirement home and nursing home for some 300 veterans of the British Army. Founded as an almshouse — the ancient sense of the word "hospital" —  by King Charles II in 1682, it is a 66-acre (27 ha) site located on Royal Hospital Road in Chelsea, London. It is an independent charity and relies partly upon donations to cover day-to-day running costs to provide care and accommodation for veterans.

Residents are known as Chelsea Pensioners. The gardens of the Royal Hospital are Grade II listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.

Chelsea Pensioner
A Chelsea Pensioner, or In-Pensioner, is a resident at the Royal Hospital Chelsea, an Old Soldiers' retirement home and nursing home for former members of the British Army located in Chelsea, London. The Royal Hospital Chelsea is home to 300 retired British soldiers, male and female (the latter since 2009), and is located on Royal Hospital Road. Historically, the term "Chelsea Pensioner" applied more widely, referring to both In-Pensioners and Out-Pensioners who live elsewhere.
Finnish minelayer Pohjanmaa
Pohjanmaa is a former minelayer of the Finnish Navy. The sole member of her class, she was the flagship of the Finnish Navy as well as the largest naval ship in service in Finland until 2013. The ship has a Finnish-Swedish ice class 1A so she can operate all year round. During a crisis, the main task for Pohjanmaa would have been mine laying and acting as a command ship. She also acted as a school ship for the Naval Academy cadets. Part of their training includes an annual cruise abroad.

The 34-year-old Pohjanmaa was scheduled for decommissioning in late 2013. In October 2013, minelayer Hämeenmaa took over the role of flagship of the Finnish Navy.

Pohjanmaa was sold to the Finnish company Meritaito in 2016 and refitted as a survey vessel. She was renamed Pohjanmeri, Finnish for the North Sea.

Hämeenmaa-class minelayer
The Hämeenmaa-class minelayers (Finnish: Hämeenmaa-luokan miinalaiva) is a two-vessel strong class of coastal minelayers, used by the Finnish Navy.

The Finnish Navy ordered the lead ship Hämeenmaa as a replacement for the venerable minelayer Keihässalmi, while the second ship brought the number of Finnish Navy minelayers to three, complementing the slightly larger Pohjanmaa. The ships were constructed at the  Rauma shipyard by Finnyards.

The ships have a steel hull and aluminum alloy superstructure. The class has an ice operating classification of ICE-1A and can operate year-round in ice up to 40 cm thick.

During a crisis the main task for the Hämeenmaa-class ships is minelaying, but the vessels can also act as escort, transport and depot ships.
Ioannis Altamouras
Ioannis Altamouras (Greek: Ιωάννης Αλταμούρας) (1852, in Florence or Naples – 1878, in Spetses) was a Greek painter of the 19th century famous for his paintings of seascapes.  Another notable seascape painter was Konstantinos Volanakis.

Konstantinos Volanakis
Konstantinos Volanakis (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Βολανάκης; c. 1837 - 29 June 1907) was a Greek painter. He is known as one of the greatest Greek seascape painters.  Another notable seascape painter was Ioannis Altamouras.
PathPing
The PathPing command is a command-line network utility included in Windows NT operating systems since Windows 2000 that combines the functionality of ping with that of tracert. It is used to locate spots that have network latency and network loss.

Traceroute
In computing, traceroute and tracert are diagnostic command-line interface commands for displaying possible routes (paths) and transit delays of packets across an Internet Protocol (IP) network.

The command reports the round-trip times of the packets received from each successive host (remote node) along the route to a destination. The sum of the mean times in each hop is a measure of the total time spent to establish the connection. The command aborts if all (usually three) sent packets are lost more than twice.

Ping, however, only computes the final round-trip times from the destination point.

For Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6), the tool sometimes has the name traceroute6 and tracert6.
Sami Yaffa
Sami Yaffa (born Sami Lauri Takamäki; 4 September 1963) is a Finnish bass guitarist best known for his work in New York Dolls, Joan Jett & the Blackhearts, Pelle Miljoona Oy, Michael Monroe's bands, and Hanoi Rocks. He is currently the bassist for the Michael Monroe band and is also concentrating on his solo career.

Michael Monroe
Matti Antero Kristian Fagerholm (born 17 June 1962), known professionally as Michael Monroe, is a Finnish rock musician who rose to fame as the vocalist and saxophonist for the glam punk band Hanoi Rocks and has served as the frontman for all-star side projects, such as Demolition 23 and Jerusalem Slim (with Steve Stevens).
Israna Assembly constituency
Israna is one of the 90 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Haryana state in India.

It is part of Panipat district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes. As of 2019, its representative is Krishan Lal Panwar of the Bhartiya Janata Party party.

Panipat district
Panipat district (pronunciationⓘ) is one of the 22 districts of Haryana in north India. The historical city of Panipat is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district occupies an area of 1,268 km2 (490 mi2), making it the nineteenth largest in the state with Gurgaon and Panchkula following it.
California Polytechnic State University Mustang Band
The Cal Poly Mustang Band, also known as The Pride of the Pacific, is the official marching band of California Polytechnic State University in the city of San Luis Obispo, California. Although the band is not a competitive marching band they serve as a school spirit organization.  The band functions in two different forms throughout the year. In the fall the band marches as The Mustang Marching Band and during Cal Poly's winter quarter they function as a pep band.  The band attends many athletic events during the year to encourage the school's athletic teams and audience support/involvement. The marching band is well-known around campus as an exciting and spirited group that brings pep, passion, and tradition to every performance. The marching band is conducted by three directors: Christopher J. Woodruff (Director of Bands), Nicholas P. Waldron (Associate Director), and Len Kawamoto (Assistant Director).

California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly) is a public university in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States, outside of the city limits of San Luis Obispo. Founded in 1901, it is the oldest of three polytechnic universities within the California State University system.  Cal Poly emphasizes a "learn by doing" philosophy, integrating hands-on, practical experiences into its curriculum. As of fall 2025, Cal Poly had approximately 22,000 undergraduate and 900 graduate students.

The university is home to several programs, including in engineering, architecture, and business.  Most of the university's athletic teams participate in the Big West Conference.
Alexandra Volcanic Group
The Alexandra Volcanic Group (also known as Alexandra volcanic lineament or Alexandra Volcanics) is a chain of extinct calc-alkalic basaltic stratovolcanoes that were most active between 2.74 and 1.60 million years ago, with more recent activity between 1.6 and 0.9 million years ago. They extend inland from Mount Karioi near Raglan with Mount Pirongia being the largest, with Pukehoua on the eastern slopes of Pirongia, Kakepuku, Te Kawa, and  Tokanui completing the definitive lineament. The associated, but usually separated geologically basaltic monogenetic Okete volcanic field (also known as the Okete Volcanic Formation or Okete Volcanics), lies mainly between Karioi and Pirongia but extends to the east and is quite scattered.

Mount Pirongia
Mount Pirongia is an extinct stratovolcano located in the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It rises to 959 m (3,146 ft) and is the highest peak around the Waikato plains. Pirongia's many peaks are basaltic cones created by successive volcanic eruptions between the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene, about 2.5 million years ago. In the adjacent picture, the characteristic profile of the mountain can be seen, along with a prominent accessory cone to the right (on the northern flank).
Mohamed I of the Maldives
Al-Sultan Mohammed I Sri Sundhura Abaarana Mahaaradhun (Dhivehi: އައްސުލްޠާން މުޙައްމަދު އެއްވަނަ ސިރީ ސުންދުރަ އަބާރަނަ މަހާރަދުން) was the prince consort turned Sultan of the Maldives from 1380 to 1385. He was the son of Kaeumani Kaulhanna Kilege (Dhivehi: ކައެއުމަނި ކައުޅައްނާކިލޭގެ) and the husband of his predecessor Raadhafathi. He ruled the country for five years until his death in 1385. He was succeeded by his daughter, Dhaain.He is also known as Maakurathu Mohamed Rasgefaan or Mohamed of Maakurathu, as he is from the island of Maakurathu in Raa Atoll ( Maalhosmadulhu Atoll ), Maldives.

According a few theories, Sultan Mohamed forced his wife Sultana Raadhafathi to abdicate. Another theory suggests that he became a Sultan regent until his daughter Sultana Dhaain become eligible to rule.

Raadhafathi of the Maldives
Al-Sultana Raadhafathi Sri Suvama Abaarana Mahaa Rehendhi (Dhivehi: އައްސުލްޠާނާ ރާދަފަތި ސިރީ ސުވަމަ އަބާރަނަ މަހާރެހެންދި) was the Sultana regnant of the Maldives in 1379–1383. she was also known as Myriam.

She was the third daughter of Sultan Jalaaduddin Umar Vir of the Maldives and ascended the throne of the Maldives after the death of her sister, the long-reigning Sultana Rehendhi Khadijah. Her husband, Mohamed of Maakurath, served as her vizier.  In 1383, she died, and was succeeded by her husband. According to some theory Sultana Raadhafathi's husbsnd forced her to abdicate.
Salicornia
Salicornia is a genus of succulent, halophytic (salt tolerant) flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae that grow in salt marshes, on beaches, and among mangroves. Salicornia species are native to North America, Europe, central Asia, and southern Africa. Common names for the genus include glasswort, pickleweed, picklegrass, and marsh samphire; these common names are also used for some species not in Salicornia. To French speakers in Atlantic Canada, they are known colloquially as tétines de souris ('mouse tits'). The main European species is often eaten, called marsh samphire in Britain, and the main North American species is occasionally sold in grocery stores or appears on restaurant menus as sea beans, samphire greens, or sea asparagus.

Glasswort
The glassworts are various succulent, annual halophytic plants, that is, plants that thrive in saline environments, such as seacoasts and salt marshes. The original English glasswort plants belong to the genus Salicornia, but today the glassworts include halophyte plants from several genera, some of which are native to continents unknown to the medieval English, and growing in ecosystems, such as mangrove swamps, never envisioned when the term glasswort was coined.

The common name "glasswort" came into use in the 16th century to describe plants growing in England whose ashes could be used for making soda-based (as opposed to potash-based) glass.
Grand Prince Yeongchang
Grand Prince Yeongchang (Korean: 영창대군; 12 April 1606 – 19 March 1614), personal name Yi Ui, was a Joseon royal prince as the only legitimate son of King Seonjo, from Queen Inmok who was born when his father was already 55 years old. Due to this, Yeonguijeong Yu Yeong-gyeong (유영경) once tried to select Yeongchang as the Crown Prince (왕세자; 王世子) to replace his older half-brother, Crown Prince Yi Hon, which eventually caused him to be unjustly executed after Hon's ascension to the throne People often said that his sad life and death is equivalent to Chang of Goryeo.

Queen Inmok
Queen Inmok (Korean: 인목왕후 김씨; Hanja: 仁穆王后 金氏; 5 December 1584 – 3 August 1632), of the Yonan Kim clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and second queen consort of Yi Yeon, King Seonjo, the 14th Joseon monarch. She was queen consort of Joseon from 1602 until her husband's death in 1608, after which she was honoured as Queen Dowager Soseong (소성왕대비) during the reign of her step-son Yi Hon, King Gwanghae and as Grand Queen Dowager Myeongryeol (명렬대왕대비) during the reign of her step-grandson Yi Jong, King Injo.
Terry and the Pirates (TV series)
Terry and the Pirates is an American adventure series based on Milton Caniff's comic strip that was telecast from June 26 to November 21, 1953. The syndicated series ran for 18 episodes and was produced by Don Sharpe Enterprises. Canada Dry Ginger Ale was the show's original sponsor.

A version of Terry and the Pirates debuted on WABD-TV in New York City on November 25, 1952, broadcast on alternate Tuesdays at 7:30 p.m. Dougfair Productions was the packager, and Official Films was the distributor. Dick Irving was the director, and John and Gwen Bagni were the writers.

Terry and the Pirates
Terry and the Pirates is an action-adventure comic strip created by cartoonist Milton Caniff, which originally ran from October 22, 1934, to February 25, 1973. Captain Joseph Patterson, editor for the Chicago Tribune New York News Syndicate, had admired Caniff's work on the children's adventure strip Dickie Dare and hired him to create the new adventure strip, providing Caniff with the title and locale.  The Dragon Lady leads the evil pirates; conflict with the pirates was diminished in priority when World War II started.

The strip was read by 31 million newspaper subscribers between 1934 and 1946. In 1946, Caniff won the first Cartoonist of the Year Award from the National Cartoonists Society for his work on Terry and the Pirates.

Writer Tom De Haven described Terry and the Pirates as "the great strip of World War II" and "The Casablanca of comics".
Wigomat
The Wigomat was one of the world's first electrical drip coffee makers and patented in 1954 in Germany. It was named after the manufacturer Gottlob Widmann "Wi-go-mat", although some early machines were delivered as "FK-1" (for filter coffee machine).

Drip coffee
Drip coffee is made by pouring hot water onto ground coffee beans, allowing it to brew while seeping through. There are several methods for doing this, including using a filter. Terms used for the resulting coffee often reflect the method used, such as drip-brewed coffee, or, somewhat inaccurately, filtered coffee in general. Manually brewed drip coffee is typically referred to as pour-over coffee. Water seeps through the ground coffee, absorbing its constituent chemical compounds, and then passes through a filter. The used coffee grounds are retained in the filter, while the brewed coffee is collected in a vessel such as a carafe or pot.
Montreux Casino
Montreux Casino (Casino Barrière de Montreux) is a casino located in Montreux, Switzerland on the shoreline of Lake Geneva. It has served as the venue for the Montreux Jazz Festival and was rebuilt following a 1971 fire memorialized in the Deep Purple song "Smoke on the Water". It is a property of Groupe Lucien Barrière. The casino housed Mountain Studios which has since become the museum Queen: The Studio Experience.

Montreux Jazz Festival
The Montreux Jazz Festival (formerly Festival de Jazz Montreux and Festival International de Jazz Montreux) is a music festival in Switzerland, held annually in early July in Montreux on the Lake Geneva shoreline. It is the second-largest annual jazz festival in the world after Canada's Montreal International Jazz Festival.

Initiator and head organizer Claude Nobs brought an array of artists to Montreux. Mathieu Jaton has organised the festival since Nobs' death in 2013.