hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Matsumoto Domain
Matsumoto Domain (松本藩, Matsumoto han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan.  It is located in Shinano Province, Honshū. The domain was centered at Matsumoto Castle, located in what is the city of Matsumoto in Nagano Prefecture.

Shinano Province
Shinano Province (信濃国, Shinano no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [ɕiꜜ.na.no (no kɯ.ɲi), ɕi.na.noꜜ-]) or Shinshū (信州, [ɕiꜜɰ̃.ɕɯː]) is an old province of Japan that is now Nagano Prefecture.

Shinano bordered Echigo, Etchū, Hida, Kai, Kōzuke, Mikawa, Mino, Musashi, Suruga, and Tōtōmi Provinces. The ancient capital was located near modern-day Matsumoto, which became an important city of the province.

The World War II-era Japanese aircraft carrier Shinano was named after this old province.
2026 Ontario Women's Curling Championship
The 2026 Farm & Food Care Ontario Women's Curling Championship, the provincial women's curling championship for Southern Ontario, was held from January 4 to 11 at Woolwich Memorial Centre in Elmira, Ontario. The winning Hailey Armstrong rink will represent Ontario at the 2026 Scotties Tournament of Hearts, Canada's national women's curling championship in Mississauga, Ontario as the host team. Despite the event being held in an Olympic year, it was still held in conjunction with the 2026 Ontario Tankard, the provincial men's curling championship.

2026 Scotties Tournament of Hearts
The 2026 Scotties Tournament of Hearts, Canada's national women's curling championship, was held from January 23 to February 1 at the Paramount Fine Foods Centre in Mississauga, Ontario. The winning Kerri Einarson team will represent Canada at the 2026 World Women's Curling Championship at the Markin MacPhail Centre at Canada Olympic Park in Calgary, Alberta.

Defending champion Rachel Homan decided to withdraw from the event due to qualifying for the 2026 Winter Olympics. As a result, Kerri Einarson, who finished as runner-up in the 2025 tournament, became Team Canada for the event.

This was the first Canadian women's curling championship to be held in the Greater Toronto Area.
Toyota ZZ engine
The Toyota ZZ engine family is a straight-4 piston engine series. The ZZ series uses a die-cast aluminium engine block with thin press-fit cast iron cylinder liners, aluminium DOHC 4-valve cylinder heads, and chain-driven camshafts. The ZZ family replaced the extremely popular cast-iron block 4A and 7A engines of the preceding A family of engines.

The two 1.8 L members of the family, the 1ZZ and 2ZZ, use different bore and stroke. The former was optimised for economy, with torque emphasised in lower revolutions per minute operating range, while the latter is a "square" design optimised for high-RPM torque, yielding higher peak power.

Toyota A engine
The Toyota A Series engines are a family of inline-four internal combustion engines with displacement from 1.3 L to 1.8 L produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. The series has cast iron engine blocks and aluminum cylinder heads. To make the engine as short as possible, the cylinders are siamesed.

The development of the series began in the late 1970s, when Toyota wanted to develop a completely new engine for the Toyota Tercel, the successor of Toyota's K engine. The goal was to achieve good fuel efficiency and performance as well as low emissions with a modern design. The A-series includes one of the first Japanese mass-production DOHC, four-valve-per-cylinder engines, the 4A-GE, and a later version of the same engine was one of the first production five-valve-per-cylinder engines.

Toyota joint venture partner Tianjin FAW Xiali produces the 1.3 L 8A and resumed production of the 5A in 2007.
Pendjari National Park
Pendjari National Park (French: Parc National de la Pendjari) lies in north-western Benin, adjoining the Arli National Park in Burkina Faso. Named for the Pendjari River, the national park is known for its wildlife and is home to some of the last populations of big game like the African forest elephant, lion, hippopotamus, African buffalo, and various antelopes in West Africa. The park is also famous for its richness in birds.

The park covers an area of 2,755 km2 (1,064 sq mi) and is part of the WAP Complex (W-Arli-Pendjari), a large protected area in Benin, Burkina Faso and Niger. Hills and cliffs in the Atakora range are visible from the park.

In March 2009, the park was tentatively nominated for UNESCO's World Heritage Site program, and in July 2017, it was officially inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of a transnational extension of the WAP Complex.

W National Park
The W National Park (French: Parc national du W) or W Regional Park (French: W du Niger) is a major national park in West Africa around a meander in the Niger River shaped like the letter W (French: double v). The park includes areas of the three countries Niger, Benin and Burkina Faso, and is governed by the three governments. Until 2008, the implementation of a regional management was supported by the EU-funded project ECOPAS (Protected Ecosystems in Sudano-Sahelian Africa, French: Écosystèmes protégés en Afrique soudano-sahélienne). The three national parks operate under the name W Transborder Park (French: Parc régional W). The section of W National Park lying in Benin, measuring over 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi), came under the full management of African Parks in June 2020. In Benin, W National Park is contiguous with Pendjari National Park which is also under the management of African Parks.
Music Museum (Basel)
The Music Museum is located in Basel, Switzerland and houses the country's largest collection of musical instruments. The museum is one of three components of Historisches Museum Basel. It presents five centuries of music history with three areas of emphasis: the history of music-making in Basel; concerts, choral music and dance; parades, festivals and signals.

Basel Historical Museum
The Basel Historical Museum (German: Historisches Museum Basel) is one of the largest and most important museums of its kind in Switzerland and a heritage site of national significance. It opened in 1894. The museum is divided into three buildings within the city of Basel: the Barfüsserkirche, Haus zum Kirschgarten and Musikmuseum.
Mahindra XUV300
The Mahindra XUV300 is a subcompact crossover SUV produced by the Indian automaker Mahindra & Mahindra. It is based on the X100 platform of Bolero Neo. Mahindra slotted it in the segment along with their Bolero Neo (formerly called the TUV300). Its facelifted version is the Mahindra XUV 3XO.

Mahindra XUV 3XO
The Mahindra XUV 3XO is a subcompact crossover SUV produced by the Indian automaker Mahindra & Mahindra, based on the X100 platform of Mahindra XUV300. It has been sold in the Indian market since 29 April 2024. In mid-2024, it also went on sale in South Africa, followed by Australia in July 2025. XUV 3XO is the facelift of the Mahindra XUV300. The electric variant called Mahindra XUV3XO EV was launched on 6 January 2026.
AEW Holiday Bash
AEW Holiday Bash is an annual professional wrestling television special produced by the American promotion All Elite Wrestling (AEW). Established in 2020, the event airs in December as one of AEW's Christmas-themed broadcasts. The inaugural event aired as a special episode of the promotion's flagship weekly television program, Wednesday Night Dynamite. In 2021, the event expanded to two nights, with the second night airing as a special episode of Friday Night Rampage. In 2023, the event added a third night, airing as a special episode of Saturday Night Collision. In 2024, the event returned to a two-night format on Dynamite and Rampage and then Dynamite and Collision in 2025 after Rampage's cancellation at the end of 2024.

Holiday Bash (2020)
The 2020 Holiday Bash was the inaugural Holiday Bash professional wrestling Christmas television special produced by All Elite Wrestling (AEW). The event took place at Daily's Place in Jacksonville, Florida on December 17, 2020, and aired on tape delay on December 23. It was broadcast on TNT as a special episode of AEW's weekly television program, Dynamite. It aired immediately following the NBA on TNT broadcast of the Celtics vs Bucks game.
Reflection (physics)
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the reflection of light, sound and water waves. The law of reflection says that for specular reflection (for example at a mirror) the angle at which the wave is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected.

In acoustics, reflection causes echoes and is used in sonar. In geology, it is important in the study of seismic waves. Reflection is observed with surface waves in bodies of water. Reflection is observed with many types of electromagnetic wave, besides visible light. Reflection of VHF and higher frequencies is important for radio transmission and for radar. Even hard X-rays and gamma rays can be reflected at shallow angles with special "grazing" mirrors.

Sound
Sound is a phenomenon in which pressure disturbances propagate through a transmission medium. In the context of physics, it is characterised as a mechanical wave of pressure or related quantities (e.g. displacement), whereas in physiological-psychological contexts it refers to the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain. Though sensitivity to sound varies among all organisms, the human ear is sensitive to frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Examples of the significance and application of sound include music, medical imaging techniques, oral language and parts of science.
Lamon V. Harkness
Lamon Vanderburgh Harkness (January 6, 1850 – January 17, 1915) was an American businessman and one of the largest stockholders in Standard Oil. Lamon V. Harkness became involved with Standard Oil through his father Stephen V. Harkness, who was a primary silent investor in the formation of Standard Oil.

Stephen V. Harkness
Stephen Vanderburgh Harkness (November 18, 1818 – March 6, 1888) was an American businessman based in Cleveland, Ohio. He invested as a silent partner with John D. Rockefeller, Sr. in the founding of Standard Oil and served as a director of Standard Oil until his death.
West Platte River
West Platte River is a stream in Union and Adams counties in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is a tributary of the Platte River and is 10.6 miles (17.1 km) long.

The stream headwaters in northwestern Union County, west of Creston and flows southwest towards Cromwell. Then it travels west and crosses into Adams County where it then turns and flows into the Platte River just north of US 34.

Platte River (Iowa and Missouri)
The Platte River is a tributary of the Missouri River and is 195.5 miles (314.6 km) long. It is located in southwestern Iowa and northwestern Missouri in the United States and is also known as  Little Platte River to distinguish it from the larger Platte River, also a tributary of the Missouri, in nearby Nebraska. The Platte River of Missouri itself has a tributary known as the Little Platte River.
Sri Lankan Constitution of 1972
The Sri Lankan Constitution of 1972 was a constitution of Sri Lanka, replaced by the 1978 constitution currently in force. It was Sri Lanka's first republican constitution, and its second since independence in 1948. The constitution changed the country's name from Ceylon to Sri Lanka, and established it as an independent republic. The country was officially designated as the "Republic of Sri Lanka," leading to the constitution being known as the 1972 Republican Constitution. The constitution was promulgated on 22 May 1972.

Constitution of Sri Lanka
The Constitution of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව, romanized: Śrī Laṅkā āndukrama vyavasthāva, Tamil: இலங்கைச் சனநாயக சோசலிசக் குடியரசின் அரசமைப்பு, romanized: Ilaṅkaic caṉanāyaka cōcalicak kuṭiyaraciṉ aracamaippu) has been the constitution of the island nation of Sri Lanka since its original promulgation by the National State Assembly on 7 September 1978. As of October 2022 it has been formally amended 21 times.

It is Sri Lanka's second republican constitution, replacing the Sri Lankan Constitution of 1972, its third constitution since the country gained  independence within the British Commonwealth as the Dominion of Ceylon in 1948, and its fourth constitution overall.
Blue Line (MARTA)
The Blue Line is a rapid transit line in the MARTA rail system. It operates between Hamilton E. Holmes  and Indian Creek stations, running through Atlanta, Decatur and portions of unincorporated DeKalb County.

Hamilton E. Holmes station
Hamilton E. Holmes, also known as H.E. Holmes, is a subway station in Atlanta, Georgia, the western terminus for the Blue Line in the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) rail system. This is one of the busiest stations in the MARTA system, handling an average of 22,000 boardings per weekday. When the station opened in 1979 it was originally named Hightower station after Hightower Road (Georgia 280), but both the road and the station were later renamed to honor civil rights movement hero Hamilton E. Holmes.

The station primarily serves areas near the junction of Interstate 20 and Georgia 280 east of Adamsville.
Mentha arvensis
Mentha arvensis, the corn mint, field mint, or wild mint, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae. It has a circumboreal distribution, being native to the temperate regions of Europe and western and central Asia, east to the Himalaya and eastern Siberia, and North America. Mentha canadensis, the related species, is also included in Mentha arvensis by some authors as two varieties, M. arvensis var. glabrata Fernald (North American plants such as American Wild Mint) and M. arvensis var. piperascens  Malinv. ex L. H. Bailey (eastern Asian plants such as Japanese mint).

It grows in moist places, especially along streams.

Mentha canadensis
Mentha canadensis is a species of mint native to North America (from the Northwest Territories to central Mexico) and the eastern part of Asia (from Siberia to Java). In North America, it is commonly known as Canada mint, American wild mint, and in Asia as Chinese mint, Sakhalin mint, Japanese mint, and East Asian wild mint. The flowers are bluish or have a slight violet tint. The plant is upright, growing to about 30–60 cm (12–24 in) tall. The leaves are opposite, and flower clusters appear in the upper leaf axils. This mint grows in wet areas but not directly in water, so it will be found near marshes, and lake and river edges. Plants bloom from July to August in their native habitats.

Some populations found in eastern Asia have been distinguished as Mentha sachalinensis, but this is treated as a synonym of M. canadensis by the Plants of the World Online database.
May 1605 conclave
The May 1605 conclave held from 8 to 16 May 1605; Cardinal Camillo Borghese was elected to succeed Leo XI as pope. Borghese took the name Paul V. This was the second conclave of 1605, with the one that had elected Leo XI having concluded just 37 days earlier. It had the only recorded case of an injury at a conclave, which was the result of a physical fight amongst the cardinals over who should be elected pope.

March–April 1605 conclave
The March–April 1605 conclave was convened on the death of Clement VIII and ended with the election of Cardinal Alessandro de' Medici as Pope Leo XI. It was the first of the two papal conclaves in 1605; Leo XI died on 27 April 1605, just twenty-six days after he was elected. The conclave was dominated by conflict over whether Cardinal Cesare Baronius should be elected pope, and Philip III of Spain excluded both Baronius and the eventually successful candidate, Medici.
Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense
The Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND; 国防科学技术工业委员会) was a civilian commission within the State Council of the People's Republic of China, responsible for setting policy for defense procurement. It was considered as the Chinese counterpart of DARPA of the US. The ministry was formed in 1982 to centralize Chinese defense procurement and technology whose responsibility had been distributed among several agencies. In March 2008, COSTIND was merged into a new ministry called the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) and renamed as the State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (SASTIND). The final-term COSTIND deputy director, Chen Qiufa, was named as the head of SASTIND.

State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense
The State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (SASTIND) is a civilian agency under the Chinese Ministry of Industry and Information Technology that is tasked with formulating policies, laws, and regulations regarding science, technology, and industry related to national defense. Established in 2008, its responsibilities extend to the coordination and promotion of the development of defense technology, overseeing China's space activities, and handling any international cooperation in these domains.
Elizabeth Blackburn
Elizabeth Helen Blackburn (born 26 November 1948) is an Australian–American Nobel laureate who is the former president of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies.  In 1984, Blackburn co-discovered telomerase, the enzyme that replenishes the telomere, with Carol W. Greider. For this work, she was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, sharing it with Carol W. Greider and Jack W. Szostak, becoming the first Australian woman Nobel laureate.

She also worked in medical ethics, and was controversially dismissed from the Bush administration's President's Council on Bioethics. 170 scientists signed an open letter to the president in her support, maintaining that she was fired because of political opposition to her advice.

Jack W. Szostak
Jack William Szostak FRS (born November 9, 1952) is a Canadian American biologist of Polish British descent, Nobel Prize laureate, university professor at the University of Chicago, former professor of genetics at Harvard Medical School, and Alexander Rich Distinguished Investigator at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.

Szostak has made significant contributions to the field of genetics. His achievement helped scientists to map the location of genes in mammals and to develop techniques for manipulating genes.

His research findings in this area are also instrumental to the Human Genome Project. He was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, along with Elizabeth Blackburn and Carol W. Greider, for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres.
Neutrodyne
The Neutrodyne radio receiver, invented in 1922 by Louis Hazeltine, was a particular type of tuned radio frequency (TRF) receiver, in which the instability-causing inter-electrode capacitance of the triode RF tubes is cancelled out or "neutralized" to prevent parasitic oscillations which caused "squealing" or "howling" noises in the speakers of early radio sets.     In most designs, a small extra winding on each of the RF amplifiers' tuned anode coils was used to generate a small antiphase signal, which could be adjusted by special variable trim capacitors to cancel out the stray signal coupled to the grid via plate-to-grid capacitance.  The Neutrodyne circuit was popular in radio receivers until the 1930s, when it was superseded by the superheterodyne receiver.

Tuned radio frequency receiver
A tuned radio frequency receiver (or TRF receiver) is a type of radio receiver that is composed of one or more tuned radio frequency (RF) amplifier stages followed by a detector (demodulator) circuit to extract the audio signal and usually an audio frequency amplifier. This type of receiver was popular in the 1920s. Early examples could be tedious to operate because when tuning in a station each stage had to be individually adjusted to the station's frequency, but later models had ganged tuning, the tuning mechanisms of all stages being linked together, and operated by just one control knob. By the mid 1930s, it was replaced by the superheterodyne receiver patented by Edwin Armstrong.
Tonia (name)
Tonia is an Italian and Spanish feminine given name that is a diminutive form of Antonia as a feminine form of Tonino and Tonio that is used in Italy, Spain, parts of the United States, Mexico, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Western Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay, and the Falkland Islands. It is also a variant of Tonja, Tonya, Tanya, Tanja, Tania. Variants of the name Tonia include LaTonia, LaTonya, and LaTanya.

Antonia (name)
Antonia, Antónia, Antônia, or Antonía is a feminine given name and a surname. It is of Roman origin, used as the name of women of the Antonius family. Its meaning is "priceless", "praiseworthy" and "beautiful". Antonia is a Polish, Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Maltese name used in many parts of the world.

Antonia is a Spanish, Italian, Polish and Maltese feminine form of Anton/Antonio used in Italy, Spain, Malta, Switzerland, Argentina and other countries. Antónia (European Portuguese) and Antônia (Brazilian Portuguese) are Portuguese variants of António/Antônio. Antonía is an Icelandic feminine form of Antonie used in Iceland. In Greek, Antonia (Greek: Αντωνία) is the feminine form of Antonios (Αντώνιος) and Antonis (Αντώνης), used mainly in Greece and Cyprus.
Sugawara no Michizane
Sugawara no Michizane (菅原 道真; Japanese pronunciation: [sɯ.ɡa.wa.ɾa no (|) mʲi.tɕiꜜ.(d)za.ne, sɯ.ŋa-], August 1, 845 – March 26, 903), or Kankō (菅公; [kaꜜŋ.koː], lit. 'Lord Sugawara'), was a scholar, poet, and politician of the Heian period of Japan. He is regarded as an excellent poet, particularly in waka and kanshi poetry, and is today revered in Shinto as the god of learning, Tenman-Tenjin (天満天神; often shortened to Tenjin). In the famed poem anthology Hyakunin Isshu, he is known as Kanke (菅家), and in kabuki drama he is known as Kan Shōjō (菅丞相). Along with Taira no Masakado and Emperor Sutoku, he is often called one of the “Three Great Onryō of Japan.”.

Tenjin (kami)
In the Shinto religion of Japan, Tenjin (天神), also called Tenman Daijizai Tenjin (天満大自在天神), is the patron kami (deity) of academics, scholarship, of learning, and of the intelligentsia.

Tenjin is the deification of Sugawara no Michizane (845–903), the famous scholar, poet and politician of the Heian period.

Ten  (天) means sky or heaven, and jin (神) means god or deity.
Saint Anne
According to Christian tradition, Saint Anne (also known as Ann or Anna) was the mother of Mary, the wife of Joachim and the maternal grandmother of Jesus. Mary's mother is not named in the Bible's canonical gospels. In writing, Ann's name and that of her husband Joachim come from New Testament apocrypha, of which the Gospel of James (written perhaps around 150 AD) seems to be the earliest that mentions them. The mother of Mary is mentioned but not named in the Quran.

Joachim
Joachim was, according to Christian Sacred tradition, the husband of Saint Anne, the father of Mary and grandfather of Jesus. The story of Joachim and Anne first appears in the Gospel of James, part of the New Testament apocrypha. His feast day is 26 July, a date shared with Saint Anne.