hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lamb Inquiry
The Lamb Inquiry (2009) was established as part of the UK government’s response to the House of Commons Education and Skills Committee Report Special Educational Needs: Assessment and Funding. The inquiry was led by Brian Lamb, the chair of the Special Educational Consortium (SEC), who was tasked by the Department of Children’s, Schools, and Families (DCSF) to explore a range of ways in which parental confidence in the Special Educational Needs (SEN) assessment process might be enhanced.

Special education in the United Kingdom
Special educational needs (SEN), also known as special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) in England refers to the education of children who require different education provision to the mainstream system.
Soil biology
Soil biology is the study of microbial and faunal activity and ecology in soil.
Soil life, soil biota, soil fauna, or edaphon is a collective term that encompasses all organisms that spend a significant portion of their life cycle within a soil profile, or at the  soil-litter interface.
These organisms include earthworms, nematodes, protozoa, fungi, bacteria, different arthropods, as well as some reptiles (such as snakes), and species of burrowing mammals like gophers, moles and prairie dogs. Soil biology plays a vital role in determining many soil characteristics. The decomposition of organic matter by soil organisms has an immense influence on soil fertility, plant growth, soil structure, and carbon storage. As a relatively new science, much remains unknown about soil biology and its effect on soil ecosystems.

Soil structure
In geotechnical engineering, soil structure describes the arrangement of the solid parts of the soil and of the pore space located between them. It is determined by how individual soil granules clump, bind together, and aggregate, resulting in the arrangement of soil pores between them. Soil has a major influence on water and air movement, biological activity, root growth and seedling emergence. There are several different types of soil structure. It is inherently a dynamic and complex system that is affected by different biotic and abiotic factors.
Kenneth L. Hale Award
The Kenneth L. Hale Award, named after the American linguist Kenneth L. Hale, is an award given to a member of the Linguistic Society of America in order to recognize "scholars who have done outstanding work on the documentation of a particular language or family of languages that is endangered or no longer spoken." It has been described as one "response to the urgency of recording endangered languages before they disappear."

Linguistic Society of America
The Linguistic Society of America (LSA) is a learned society for the field of linguistics. Founded in New York City in 1924, the LSA works to promote the scientific study of language. The society publishes three scholarly journals: Language, the open access journal Semantics and Pragmatics, and the open access journal Phonological Data & Analysis. Its annual meetings, held every winter, foster discussion amongst its members through the presentation of peer-reviewed research, as well as conducting official business of the society. Since 1928, the LSA has offered training to linguists through courses held at its biennial Linguistic Institutes held in the summer. The LSA and its 3,600 members work to raise awareness of linguistic issues with the public and contribute to policy debates on issues including bilingual education and the preservation of endangered languages.
Boeing EC-135
The Boeing EC-135 is a retired family of command and control aircraft derived from the Boeing C-135 Stratolifter. During the Cold War, the EC-135 was best known for being modified to perform the Looking Glass mission where one EC-135 was always airborne 24 hours a day to serve as flying command post for the Strategic Air Command in the event of nuclear war. Various other EC-135 aircraft sat on airborne and ground alert throughout the Cold War, with the last EC-135C being retired in 1998. The EC-135N variant served as the tracking aircraft for the Apollo program.

The Boeing E-6B Mercury "TACAMO" replaced the EC-135C.

TACAMO
TACAMO (Take Charge And Move Out) is a United States military system of survivable communications links designed to be used in nuclear warfare to maintain communications between the decision-makers (the National Command Authority) and the triad of strategic nuclear weapon delivery systems. Its primary mission is serving as a signals relay, where it receives orders from a command plane such as Operation Looking Glass, and verifies and retransmits their Emergency Action Messages (EAMs) to US strategic forces.

As a dedicated communications post, it features the ability to communicate on virtually every radio frequency band from very low frequency (VLF) up to super high frequency (SHF), using a variety of modulations, encryptions and networks, minimizing the likelihood an emergency message will be jammed by an enemy.  This airborne communications capability largely replaced the land-based extremely low frequency (ELF) broadcast sites, which became vulnerable to nuclear strike.
Thaddeus H. Caraway
Thaddeus Horatius Caraway (October 17, 1871 – November 6, 1931) was an American politician who represented the state of Arkansas first in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1913 to 1921 and then in the U.S. Senate from 1921 until his death in 1931. He belonged to the Democratic Party.

Hattie Caraway
Hattie Ophelia Wyatt Caraway (February 1, 1878 – December 21, 1950) was an American politician who was United States Senator from Arkansas from 1931 to 1945. She was the first woman elected to the Senate, the first woman to serve a full term as a United States senator, and the first woman to be reelected to the Senate. She was also the first woman to preside over the Senate. She won reelection to a full term in 1932 with the active support of fellow Senator Huey Long, of neighboring Louisiana.
Albury
Albury (/ˈɔːlbəri/ ALL-bree; Wiradjuri: Bungambrawatha) is a major regional city located in the Murray region of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the twin city of Albury-Wodonga, situated on the Hume Highway and the northern side of the Murray River. Albury is the seat of local government for the council area which also bears the city's name – the City of Albury. It is on the Victoria–New South Wales border.

Albury has an urban population of 53,677 and is separated from its twin city in Victoria, Wodonga, by the Murray River. Together, the two cities form an urban area with a population of 97,793 in 2021. It is 554 kilometres (344 mi) from the state capital Sydney and 326 kilometres (203 mi) from the Victorian capital Melbourne.

Said to be named after a village in England, United Kingdom, Albury developed as a major transport link between New South Wales and Victoria and was proclaimed a city in 1946.

Wodonga
Wodonga (/wəˈdɒŋɡə/ wə-DONG-gə; Pallanganmiddang: Wordonga) is a city on the Victorian side of the border with New South Wales, 324 kilometres (201 mi) north-east of Melbourne, Australia. It is part of the twin city of Albury–Wodonga and is located all within the boundaries of the City of Wodonga LGA and is separated from its twin city in New South Wales, Albury, by the Murray River. As of the 2021 Census, Wodonga and its suburbs have a population of 37,839 and combined with Albury, the two cities form the urban area Albury–Wodonga with a population of 97,793. There are multiple suburbs of Wodonga including Bandiana, Baranduda, Barnawartha, Bonegilla, Ebden, Huon Creek, Killara, Leneva and Staghorn.

Wodonga produces a gross domestic product of $2.57 billion per year on average.
David Nascimento
David de Sousa Nascimento (born 16 March 1966), or simply Nascimento, is a Portuguese football manager of Cape Verdean origin and former player who played as a defender. He is the current head coach of the Jordan women's national football team.

Born in São Vicente, Cape Verde, he is the first Cape Verdean that has a UEFA Pro License. He has had a long career as a professional player in both Portugal and the Netherlands, having played over 500 matches. Afterwards, he also worked in various managerial positions in the Netherlands, Mexico and South Africa.

Jordan women's national football team
The Jordan women's national football team (Arabic: منتخب الأردن لكرة القدم للسيدات) is the official women's national football team of the country of Jordan. The team was established in 2005, and is controlled by the Jordan Football Association (JFA), the governing body for football in Jordan.

While the team has yet to qualify for the FIFA Women's World Cup, they took part in the AFC Women's Asian Cup in 2014 and 2018, failing to qualify past the group stage on both occasions. Jordan are regulars at the WAFF Women's Championship, which they have won a record six titles, and have taken part in the Arab Women's Cup, which they won in 2021.
Dark-field microscopy
Dark-field microscopy, also called dark-ground microscopy, describes microscopy methods, in both light and electron microscopy, which exclude the unscattered beam from the image. Consequently, the field around the specimen (i.e., where there is no specimen to scatter the beam) is generally dark.

In optical microscopes a darkfield condenser lens must be used, which directs a cone of light away from the objective lens. To maximize the scattered light-gathering power of the objective lens, oil immersion is used and the numerical aperture (NA) of the objective lens must be less than 1.0. Objective lenses with a higher NA can be used but only if they have an adjustable diaphragm, which reduces the NA. Often these objective lenses have a NA that is variable from 0.7 to 1.25.

Condenser (optics)
A condenser is an optical lens that renders a divergent light beam from a point light source into a parallel or converging beam to illuminate an object to be imaged.

Condensers are an essential part of any imaging device, such as microscopes, enlargers, slide projectors, and telescopes. The concept is applicable to all kinds of radiation undergoing optical transformation, such as electrons in electron microscopy, neutron radiation, and synchrotron radiation optics.
Collin College
Collin College is a public community college district in Texas. Established in 1985, the district has grown as the county has grown from around 5,000 students in 1986 to more than 60,000 credit and noncredit students.

Formerly known as the Collin County Community College District, CCCCD, or CCCC, the college rebranded itself "Collin College" in March 2007. The district headquarters is in the Collin Higher Education Center in McKinney.

As defined by the Texas Legislature, the official service area of Collin College includes all of Collin County and Rockwall County and the portions of Denton County within the cities of Frisco and The Colony and the portions included within the Celina and Prosper school districts.

McKinney, Texas
McKinney is a city in and the county seat of Collin County, Texas, United States. It is Collin County's third-largest city, after Plano and Frisco. A suburb of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, McKinney is about 32 miles (51 km) north of Dallas.

The Census Bureau ranked McKinney as the nation's fourth fastest-growing large city from 2010 to 2019 and determined the city's 2020 population was 195,308. Based on Census Bureau estimates, as of July 2022 the city's population was 207,507, making it Texas's 15th-most populous city and the 110th most populous in the United States.

The Census Bureau defines an urban area of northern Dallas-area suburbs that are separated from the Dallas–Fort Worth urban area, with McKinney and Frisco as the principal cities; the McKinney–Frisco urban area had a population of 504,803 as of the 2020 census, ranked 83rd in the United States.
Local TV LLC
Local TV LLC was a television broadcasting company owned by Oak Hill Capital Partners which operated 20 television stations in the United States. The group was formed in 2006 by the acquisition of nine television stations owned by The New York Times Company, and grew further with the acquisition of eight former Fox owned-and-operated stations from Fox Television Stations, and a wide partnership with Tribune Broadcasting to provide management services for the stations (in turn, Local TV also operated several Tribune stations as well).

On July 1, 2013, Tribune announced that it would acquire Local TV LLC for $2.7 billion, a deal which was approved by the FCC on December 20, and was completed on December 27.

Oak Hill Capital Partners
Oak Hill Capital Partners is a private equity firm headquartered in New York City, with more than $19 billion of committed capital from entrepreneurs, endowments, foundations, corporations, pension funds and global financial institutions. Robert Bass is the lead investor.

Oak Hill Capital is one of several Oak Hill partnerships, each of which has an independent management team. These Oak Hill partnerships comprise over $18 billion of investment capital across multiple asset classes, including private equity, special situations, high yield and bank debt, venture capital, real estate and a public equity exchange fund.

On April 20, 2010 the company announced acquisition of Denver-based data center company ViaWest Inc. for an undisclosed amount.

In 2017 the company sold Wave Broadband for more than $2.3 billion.
Walla Walla expeditions
The Walla Walla expeditions were organized during the mid-nineteenth century to enrich the Sahaptian peoples of the Columbian Plateau with cattle purchased in Alta California. Among the first expedition was Walla Walla leader Piupiumaksmaks, Garry of the Spokanes and Cayuse headman Tawatoy. They arrived at New Helvetia in 1844. A confrontation erupted with the son of Piupiumaksmaks, Toayahnu, being killed by an American. A second expedition was organized, returning to New Helvetia in 1846, where two thousand cattle was purchased. When the expedition returned to the Columbian Plateau, members were ill with measles. The disease was consequently spread across the Pacific Northwest and was a major cause of the Whitman massacre.

Yellow Bird (Walla Walla leader)
Piupiumaksmaks (alternatively spelled Peo-peo-mox-mox or Peopeomoxmox; c. 1800 – 1855) was head chief of the Walla Walla tribe and son to the preceding chief Tumatapum. His name meant Yellow Bird, but it was often mistranslated as Yellow Serpent by Europeans.
Interstate 76 (Colorado–Nebraska)
Interstate 76 (I-76) is an east–west Interstate Highway in the Western United States that runs from I-70 in Arvada, Colorado – near Denver – to an interchange with I-80 near Big Springs, Nebraska. The highway measures 187.29 miles (301.41 km) long, mostly situated in Colorado but approximately three miles (4.8 km) of which is in Nebraska. Along the route, the highway runs concurrent with US 6, US 85 in the Denver metropolitan area, and US 34 from Wiggins to Fort Morgan. It has no auxiliary Interstates, but it has two business routes that are located in northeastern Colorado. This route is not connected with the other I-76 that spans from Ohio to New Jersey.

The section of I-76 from its western terminus at I-70 to the SH 71 interchange near Brush, Colorado is designated as part of the Heartland Expressway, a planned series of multi-lane highways connecting Denver and Rapid City, South Dakota.

Brush, Colorado
Brush is a statutory city located in Morgan County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 5,339 at the 2020 United States census. Brush is a part of the Fort Morgan, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Gold extraction
Gold extraction is the extraction of gold from dilute ores using a combination of chemical processes. Gold mining produces about 3600 tons annually, and another 300 tons is produced from recycling.

Since the 20th century, gold has been principally extracted in a cyanide process by leaching the ore with cyanide solution. The gold may then be further refined by gold parting, which removes other metals (principally silver) by blowing chlorine gas through the molten metal. Historically, small particles of gold were amalgamated with mercury, and then concentrated by boiling away the mercury. The mercury method is still used in some small operations.

Amalgam (chemistry)
An amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal. It may be a liquid, a soft paste or a solid, depending upon the proportion of mercury. These alloys are formed through metallic bonding, with the electrostatic attractive force of the conduction electrons working to bind all the positively charged metal ions together into a crystal lattice structure. Many metals can form amalgams with mercury, with some notable exceptions including iron, platinum, tungsten, and tantalum. Gold-mercury amalgam is used in the extraction of gold from ore, and dental amalgams are made with metals such as silver, copper, indium, tin and zinc.
Bill McKinlay Park
Bill McKinlay Park, (formerly Ireland Road Domain) is a multi-purpose stadium in the suburb of Mount Wellington in Auckland, New Zealand.  It is used for football matches and is the home stadium of NRF League One side Uni-Mount Bohemian. Eastern Suburbs also used Bill McKinlay Park for their New Zealand Football Championship games between 2016 and 2018.

Bill McKinlay has hosted seven international friendlies and the 1983 Chatham Cup Final Replay.

Uni-Mount Bohemian AFC
Uni-Mount Bohemian Association Football Club (formerly known as University-Mount Wellington) is an association football club in Auckland, New Zealand. It was formed from the amalgamation of University AFC and Mount Wellington AFC. The team play at Bill McKinlay Park, Panmure, Auckland.
(231937) 2001 FO32
(231937) 2001 FO32 is a near-Earth asteroid classified as a potentially hazardous asteroid of the Apollo group. With an estimated diameter around 550 m (1,800 ft), it was discovered by the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research at Socorro, New Mexico on 23 March 2001. The asteroid safely passed by Earth on 21 March 2021 16:03 UTC from a closest approach distance of 0.0135 AU (2.02 million km; 1.25 million mi), or 5.25 lunar distances (LD). During the day before closest approach, 2001 FO32 reached a peak apparent magnitude of 11.7 and was visible to ground-based observers with telescope apertures of at least 20 cm (8 in). It is the largest and one of the fastest asteroids to approach Earth within 10 LD (3.8 million km; 2.4 million mi) in 2021.

With an observation arc of 20 years, 2001 FO32 has a well-determined orbit, and its trajectory is well known through the year 2196. The asteroid's orbit is only potentially hazardous on a time scale of thousands of years.

Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research
The Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR) project is a collaboration of the United States Air Force, NASA, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory for the systematic detection and tracking of near-Earth objects. LINEAR was responsible for the majority of asteroid discoveries from 1998 until it was overtaken by the Catalina Sky Survey in 2005. As of 15 September 2011, LINEAR had detected 231,082 new small Solar System bodies, of which at least 2,423 were near-Earth asteroids and 279 were comets. The instruments used by the LINEAR program are located at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site (ETS) on the White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) near Socorro, New Mexico.
Navy Yard (Washington, D.C.)
38°52′37.21″N 77°0′5.86″W﻿ / ﻿38.8770028°N 77.0016278°W﻿ / 38.8770028; -77.0016278

Navy Yard is a neighborhood of Washington, D.C., located in Southeast D.C. Navy Yard, situated along the Anacostia Riverfront south of Capitol Hill, takes its name from Washington Navy Yard, the administrative seat of the U.S. Navy. Historically an industrial area, today Navy Yard is a popular entertainment district, home to Nationals Park, a notable nightlife scene, and numerous waterfront esplanades.

Neighborhoods in Washington, D.C.
Neighborhoods in Washington, D.C., the capital city of the United States, are distinguished by their history, culture, architecture, demographics, and geography. The names of the 131 neighborhoods are unofficially defined by the D.C. Office of Planning. Though the neighborhoods can be defined by the boundaries of wards, historic districts, Advisory Neighborhood Commissions, civic associations, and business improvement districts (BIDs), these boundaries will overlap. The eight wards each elect a member to the Council of the District of Columbia and are redistricted every ten years.

As the nation's capital, Washington, D.C.'s local neighborhood history and culture is often presented as distinct from that of the national government.
First Lady of Belarus
The First Lady of the Republic of Belarus, also known as the First Lady of Belarus (Belarusian: Першая лэдзі Беларусі, romanized: Pieršaja ledzi Bielarusi; Russian: Первая леди Беларуси, romanized: Pervaya ledi Belarusi) is an unofficial de facto title usually attributed to the wife of the president of Belarus. The first and only person to hold the title is Galina Lukashenko, wife of Alexander Lukashenko.

Galina Lukashenko
Galina Rodionovna Lukashenko (Belarusian: Галіна Радзівонаўна Лукашэнка, romanized: Halina Radzivonaŭna Łukašenka, Галіна Радыёнаўна Лукашэнка, Halina Radyjonaŭna Łukašenka, Russian: Галина Родионовна Лукашенко), née Zhelnerovich (Russian: Желнерович, Belarusian: Жаўняровіч, romanized: Žaŭniarovič) is the First Lady of Belarus since 1994.
De Havilland Moth Minor
The de Havilland DH.94 Moth Minor was a 1930s British two-seat tourer/trainer aircraft built by de Havilland at Hatfield Aerodrome, England. With the start of the Second World War, production of the Moth Minor was moved to de Havilland Australia at Bankstown Aerodrome, Australia.

De Havilland Australia
de Havilland Aircraft Pty Ltd (DHA) was an Australian subsidiary of the British aircraft manufacturer de Havilland, founded in 1927. It acquired the Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation in 1985 and was purchased by Boeing in 2000 and merged with the Boeing owned AeroSpace Technologies of Australia (formerly Government Aircraft Factories) to become Hawker de Havilland Aerospace Pty Ltd. In 2009, the name was changed to Boeing Aerostructures Australia and is a subsidiary of Boeing Australia.
El Dorado Canyon (Nevada)
El Dorado Canyon is a canyon in southern Clark County, Nevada famed for its rich silver and gold mines. The canyon was named in 1857 by steamboat entrepreneur Captain George Alonzo Johnson when gold and silver was discovered here. It drains into the Colorado River at the former site of Nelson's Landing.

The town of Nelson lies in the upper reach of the canyon. Eldorado Canyon Mine Tours operates mid way in the canyon at the Techatticup Mine one of the oldest and most productive mines in the canyon.

Nelson, Nevada
Nelson is a census-designated place in Clark County, Nevada, United States.  The community is in the Pacific Standard Time zone. The location of Nelson is in El Dorado Canyon, Eldorado Mountains. The town is in the southeast region of the Eldorado Valley. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 37.
Bharat Adivasi Party
The Bharat Adivasi Party is a political party based in Rajasthan, India. The party was formed by Rajkumar Roat on 10 September 2023.

The Bharat Adivasi Party won three seats in the 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election and one seat in the 2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election. Party leader Roat won Chorasi Assembly constituency (Rajasthan) with a margin of more than 69,000 votes.

2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in Rajasthan on 25 November 2023 to elect 199 of the 200 members of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly. The results were declared on 3 December 2023. The election for the Karanpur seat was adjourned following the death of Rajasthan PCC candidate Gurmeet Singh Kooner.

The BJP Rajasthan wrested power by winning 115 seats, unseating the Indian National Congress from power and continuing the trend of governments changing every five years in the state. Bhajan Lal Sharma became the Chief Minister of Rajasthan.