hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Volcano (Jimmy Buffett album)
Volcano is the ninth studio album by American popular music singer-songwriter Jimmy Buffett and is his 11th overall. It was released on August 1, 1979, as his first album for MCA after its absorption of ABC Dunhill.

The album and its title song are named for the then-dormant Soufrière Hills volcano on the island of Montserrat in the British West Indies where Buffett recorded the album in May 1979 at AIR Studios in Salem. The studio was severely damaged by Hurricane Hugo in 1989 and damaged even further after Soufrière Hills erupted again in 1995. Additional recording was done at Quadrafonic Studios in Nashville, Tennessee and Sunset Sound Studios in Los Angeles, California in the United States. The album is dedicated to Buffett's wife and his daughter, Savannah Jane Buffett, who was born just before its release.

Volcano (Jimmy Buffett song)
"Volcano"  is a song performed by American popular music singer-songwriter Jimmy Buffett.  It was written by Jimmy Buffett, Keith Sykes, and Harry Dailey and released as a single (b/w "Stranded on a Sandbar") on MCA 41161 in November 1979.
The song was first released on his 1979 album Volcano and reached No. 66 on the Billboard Hot 100, as well as peaking at No. 43 on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart.
British Shipbuilders
British Shipbuilders (BS) was a public corporation that owned and managed the shipbuilding industry in Great Britain from 1977 to the end of the 1980s. Its head office was at Benton House in Newcastle upon Tyne, England.

Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company
Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company Limited, often referred to simply as Scotts, was a Scottish shipbuilding company based in Greenock on the River Clyde. In its time in Greenock, Scotts built over 1,250 ships.
Murder at the Savoy
Murder at the Savoy (original title: Polis, polis, potatismos! literally "Police, Police, Mashed Potatoes!") is a 1970 crime novel by Swedish writers Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö. It is the sixth book out of ten in the detective series by revolving around police detective Martin Beck.

Martin Beck
Martin Beck is a fictional Swedish police detective and the main character in a series of ten novels by Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö, collectively titled The Story of a Crime. Frequently referred to as the Martin Beck stories, all were adapted into films between 1967 and 1994. Six were adapted for the series featuring Gösta Ekman as Martin Beck.

Between 1997 and 2018, there were also 38 films (some released direct for video and broadcast on television) based on the characters, with Peter Haber as Martin Beck. Apart from the core duo of Beck and his right-hand man Gunvald Larsson, the latter adaptations bear little resemblance to the plots of the original series. They feature a widely different and evolving cast of characters, though roughly similar themes and settings around Stockholm.
Phaibun
Phaibun (Thai: ไพบูลย์) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Nam Khun district, in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand. The subdistrict was established in 1982 through the separation of eight village communities (หมู่) from the western portion of tambon Khilek.

As of the 2025 consensus, the subdistrict had a population of 7,582, distributed across 15 villages (Muban;  บ้าน or หมู่บ้าน). It is bordered by the following neighboring subdistricts, listed clockwise from the south: Khok Sa-at, Non Samran, Khanun, Kut Salao, Kut Ruea, Khilek, and Ta Kao.

Khilek, Nam Khun
Khilek (Thai: ขี้เหล็ก) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Nam Khun district, in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand. The subdistrict was established in 1977 through the separation of eleven village communities (หมู่) from the northern portion of tambon Ta Kao.

As of the 2025 consensus, the subdistrict had a population of 7,582, distributed across 13 villages (Muban;  บ้าน or หมู่บ้าน). It is bordered by the following neighboring subdistricts, listed clockwise from the south: Ta Kao, Phaibun, Kut Ruea, Kaeng, and Yang.
The Saturday Show (2001 TV series)
The Saturday Show is a British children's television series that aired on BBC One from 22 September 2001 to 3 September 2005. It was the replacement for Live & Kicking and contained a mix of audience participation, cartoons, games and gunge. The presenters were Dani Behr and Joe Mace, who presented the show from September 2001 - September 2002, then Fearne Cotton and Simon Grant presented from September 2002 - September 2003 and Grant presented until the programme finished in September 2005. Then in April 2004, Angelica Bell and Jake Humphrey joined Grant until to the end of the shows run.

Angellica Bell
Angellica Bell (born 24 March 1976) is a British television and radio presenter, best known for her presenting on CBBC between 2000 and 2006. She is also known for providing occasional cover on The One Show and for co-presenting The Martin Lewis Money Show. Bell won the 2017 series of Celebrity MasterChef.
Sandro Rosell
Alexandre "Sandro" Rosell i Feliu (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsandɾu ruˈzeʎ]; born 6 March 1964) is a Spanish businessman. He earned an MBA degree from ESADE. Rosell ran as senior adviser of Joan Laporta during the 2003 Barcelona elections and was the vice-president of sports until June 2005. He was the president of Barcelona from 2010 to 2014. In 2017, Rosell was jailed without bail as part of a money laundering investigation related to buying television rights for past matches of the Brazil national team. On 24 April 2019, after a total of 643 days of pre-trial detention and with the provisional release of Rosell having been rejected on as much as 13 occasions, Spanish courts fully acquitted Rosell.

Joan Laporta
Joan Laporta i Estruch (Catalan pronunciation: [ʒuˈan ləˈpɔɾtə əsˈtɾuk]; born 29 June 1962) is a Spanish businessman, politician and president of Barcelona between 2003–2010 and 2021–2026.

Laporta is a lawyer (he graduated from the University of Barcelona) with his own firm, Laporta & Arbós, which has a number of notable Catalan firms as clients. He served as an MP in the Parliament of Catalonia between 2010 and 2012.

During his first tenure as president of Barcelona, they set a new record for trophies won in a 12-month period, winning six in 2009. After departing in 2010, he was re-elected as club president in 2021.

During Laporta's reign as club president, the sports sections of Barcelona have won over 101 official trophies as of 2025.
2012–13 2. Bundesliga
The 2012–13 2. Bundesliga was the 39th season of the 2. Bundesliga, Germany's second-level football league. The season began on 3 August 2012 and ended with the last games on 19 May 2013, with a winter break held between the weekends around 15 December 2012 and 2 February 2013.

The league comprised eighteen teams: The teams placed fourth through fifteenth of the 2011–12 season, the worst two teams from the 2011–12 Bundesliga, the best two teams from the 2011–12 3. Liga, the losers of the relegation play-off between the 16th-placed Bundesliga team and the third-placed 2. Bundesliga team and the winners of the relegation play-off between the 16th-placed 2. Bundesliga team and the third-placed 3. Liga team.

2011–12 2. Bundesliga
The 2011–12 2. Bundesliga was the 38th season of the 2. Bundesliga, Germany's second tier of its football league system. The season commenced on 15 July 2011, three weeks earlier than the 2011–12 Bundesliga season, and ended with the last games on 6 May 2012. The traditional winter break was to be held between the weekends around 18 December 2011 and 4 February 2012. The league comprises eighteen teams.
Li Xin (Qin)
Li Xin (李信), courtesy name Youcheng (有成), was an important Chinese military general of Qin during the Warring States era. Alongside Wang Jian, Wang Ben and other generals, Li Xin served under Qin Shi Huang (Ying Zheng) in his conquest of the six Warring States. He was also the great-great-grandfather of Li Guang, a Han dynasty general.

Wang Jian (Qin)
Wang Jian (fl. 220s BC) was a distinguished Chinese military General from the State of Qin during the Warring States period. Under his command, the Qin army conquered the states of Zhao, Yan, and Chu. He is regarded by Chinese modern folklore as one of the four Greatest Generals of the Late Warring States period, along with Bai Qi, Lian Po and Li Mu.

He was born in Dongxiang, Pinyang, Guanzhong (north-east of modern Fuping County, Shaanxi province). His son, Wang Ben, was also an important Qin general.
Wedell-Williams XP-34
The Wedell-Williams XP-34 was a fighter aircraft design submitted to the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) before World War II by Marguerite Clark Williams, widow of millionaire Harry P. Williams, former owner and co-founder of the Wedell-Williams Air Service Corporation.

Wedell-Williams Model 44
The Wedell-Williams Model 44 is a racing aircraft, four examples of which were built in the United States in the early 1930s by the Wedell-Williams Air Service Corporation. It began as a rebuilding of the partnership's successful We-Will 1929 racer, but soon turned into a completely new racing monoplane aircraft, powered by a large radial engine. Model 44s became the dominant racers of the 1930s, setting innumerable records including setting a new world speed record in 1933.

The only surviving Model 44 is on display at the Crawford Auto-Aviation Museum, Cleveland, Ohio. Three replica Model 44s are on display at the Wedell-Williams Aviation & Cypress Sawmill Museum, Patterson, Louisiana.
Mississippi Highway 2
Mississippi Highway 2 (MS 2) is a designation for two highways in northern Mississippi. The westernmost segment starts at MS 5 in Hickory Flat, and ends at MS 15 and MS 368 in Blue Mountain. The eastern segment starts at MS 4 near Ripley and it travels northeastwards towards Corinth. The route becomes concurrent with U.S. Route 72 (US 72) and US 45 in Corinth, and ends at the Tennessee state line. The road continues as Tennessee State Route 22 (SR 22). The route was designated around 1932, from the state line near Mount Pleasant to the state line near Corinth. The section west of Corinth became a part of US 72 by 1935, and the route was extended southwestwards to Hickory Flat by 1958.

Tennessee State Route 22
State Route 22 (SR 22) is a 172.8-mile-long (278.1 km) south-to-north state highway in the western part of Tennessee, United States. It begins at the Mississippi state line in McNairy County, where the roadway continues as Mississippi Highway 2 (MS 2). It ends at the Kentucky state line in Lake County, when it crosses into the Kentucky Bend, a detached portion of Fulton County, Kentucky.
The monument for the 1862 Battle of Island Number Ten in the American Civil War is located on SR 22, about 3 mi (4.8 km) north of Tiptonville.
Augšdaugavas NSS
Augšdaugavas NSS, previously Ilūkstes NSS, is a Latvian football club located in Ilūkste which plays in the Optibet Nākotnes Līga (1. līga). The club plays its home matches at the Ilūkste City Stadium with a capacity of 300 people.

Future League
The Future League (Latvian: Nākotnes Līga), prior to 2021 called the Latvian First League (Latvian: Latvijas Pirmā līga, 1. līga), is the second tier division of football in Latvia organised by the Latvian Football Federation since 1992.
Kahurestan Rural District
Kahurestan Rural District (Persian: دهستان کهورستان) is in Kahurestan District of Khamir County, Hormozgan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Jeyhun. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kahurestan.

Kahurestan, Khamir
Kahurestan (Persian: كهورستان,) is a village in, and the former capital of, Kahurestan Rural District of Kahurestan District, Khamir County, Hormozgan province, Iran, serving as capital of the district. The capital of the rural district has been transferred to the village of Jeyhun.
Dual topology
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics a dual topology is a locally convex topology on a vector space that is induced by the continuous dual of the vector space, by means of the bilinear form (also called pairing) associated with the dual pair.

The different dual topologies for a given dual pair are characterized by the Mackey–Arens theorem. All locally convex topologies with their continuous dual are trivially a dual pair and the locally convex topology is a dual topology.

Several topological properties depend only on the dual pair and not on the chosen dual topology and thus it is often possible to substitute a complicated dual topology by a simpler one.

Dual system
In mathematics, a dual system, dual pair or a duality over a field  is a triple  consisting of two vector spaces,  and , over  and a non-degenerate bilinear map .

In mathematics, duality is the study of dual systems and is important in functional analysis. Duality plays crucial roles in quantum mechanics because it has extensive applications to the theory of Hilbert spaces.
Darnell Earley
Darnell Earley is an American public administrator and municipal manager. Formerly the city manager of Saginaw, Michigan and emergency manager of Flint, Michigan, Earley served as temporary mayor of Flint after the recall of Woodrow Stanley. Earley was appointed emergency manager of the Detroit Public Schools system in January 2015. He resigned that position in February 2016. In January 2021 he was indicted on felony charges regarding the Flint water crisis. The charges were later dismissed.

Detroit Public Schools Community District
Detroit Public Schools Community District (DPSCD) is a public school district that serves Detroit, Michigan, and high school students in Highland Park, Michigan. The district, which replaced the original Detroit Public Schools (DPS) in 2016, provides services to approximately 50,000 students, making it the largest school district in the state.  The district has its headquarters in the Fisher Building of the New Center area of Detroit.

The school district has experienced extensive financial difficulties over a series of years. From 1999 to 2005, and from 2009 to the reorganization in 2016, the district was overseen by a succession of state-appointed emergency financial managers.
Grand Central (train operating company)
Grand Central is an open-access train operating company in the United Kingdom. A subsidiary of Arriva UK Trains, it has operated passenger rail services since December 2007.

The company was founded in April 2000 as 'Grand Central Railway Company'. Following multiple applications for track access rights, it launched its operations on the East Coast Main Line between Sunderland and London King's Cross in December 2007. Services between Bradford Interchange and London King's Cross commenced in May 2010. In November 2011, Grand Central was acquired by Arriva UK Trains.

Grand Central has also put forward various proposals for operating additional services in the future. One such service, from London Euston to Blackpool North via the West Coast Main Line, was scheduled to begin in 2021, but the initiative was cancelled as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Arriva UK Trains
Arriva UK Trains Limited is the company that oversees Arriva's train operating companies in the United Kingdom. It gained its first franchises in February 2000. These were later lost, though several others were gained. In January 2010, with the take-over of Arriva by Deutsche Bahn, Arriva UK Trains also took over the running of those formerly overseen by DB Regio UK Limited.
Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos
Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos is a critically endangered vegetation type occurring in the far south of the Western Cape, South Africa.

This type of mountain fynbos contains an extremely high number of threatened species and a great number of the plants that occur here can be found nowhere else on earth. It naturally occurs from the eastern outskirts of Cape Town, eastwards through the Kogelberg and Hottentots-Holland mountains, as far as Kleinmond, and it is conserved within the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve.

This particular vegetation grows on rough, mountainous, sandstone terrain.
It was extensively planted with commercial timber plantations of invasive pine trees. These trees pose a major threat to the unique and endangered biodiversity and have yet to be completely removed.

Kogelberg
The Kogelberg is a mountain range along the  False Bay coast in the Western Cape of South Africa. Part of the Cape Fold Belt, it extends from  south of the Elgin valley to Kleinmond.

The Kogelberg area has the steepest and highest drop directly into the ocean of any southern African coastal stretch.
StageCraft
StageCraft is an on-set virtual production visual effects technology composed of a video wall designed by Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) for the Disney+ series The Mandalorian. It has since been used in other productions and has been cited as a revolutionary visual effects technology. The soundstage in which StageCraft is implemented is called The Volume.

Industrial Light & Magic
Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) is an American motion picture visual effects, computer animation and stereo conversion digital studio founded by George Lucas on May 26, 1975. It is a division of the film production company Lucasfilm, which Lucas founded, and was created when he began production on the original Star Wars, the fourth episode of the Skywalker Saga.

ILM originated in Van Nuys, California, then later moved to San Rafael in 1978, and since 2005 it has been based at the Letterman Digital Arts Center in the Presidio of San Francisco. In 2012, The Walt Disney Company acquired ILM as part of its purchase of Lucasfilm. As of 2026, Industrial Light & Magic has won 15 Academy Awards for Best Visual Effects.
Image dissector
An image dissector, also called a dissector tube, is a video camera tube in which photocathode emissions create an electron image which is then swept up, down and across an anode to produce an electrical signal representing the visual image. It employs magnetic fields to keep the electron image in focus, and later models used electron multiplier to pick up the electrons. The term had also been used for other kinds of early video camera tubes. Dissectors were used only briefly for research in television systems before being replaced by different much more sensitive tubes based on the charge-storage phenomenon like the iconoscope during the 1930s. Despite the camera tubes based on the idea of image dissector technology falling quickly and completely out of use in the field of Television broadcasting, they continued to be used for imaging in early weather satellites and the Lunar lander, and for star attitude tracking in the Space Shuttle and the International Space Station.

Video camera tube
Video camera tubes are devices based on the cathode-ray tube that were used in television cameras to capture television images, prior to the introduction of charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensors in the 1980s. Several different types of tubes were in use from the early 1930s, and as late as the 1990s.

In these tubes, an electron beam is scanned across an image of the scene to be broadcast focused on a target. This generated a current that is dependent on the brightness of the image on the target at the scan point. The size of the striking ray is tiny compared to the size of the target, allowing 480–486 horizontal scan lines per image in the NTSC format, 576 lines in PAL, and as many as 1035 lines in Hi-Vision.
Royal Cruise Line
Royal Cruise Line was a Greek cruise line that operated from 1974 to 1996 and founded by Pericles Panagopulos. The line catered mainly to American passengers looking for an upscale cruise experience and sailed mainly worldwide routes.

Pericles Panagopoulos
Pericles Panagopoulos (29 December 1935 – 5 February 2019) was a Greek shipping magnate. He is considered to have been an institutor of the modern shipping industry, and the most successful Greek shipping magnate since Aristotle Onassis. He gained acclaim for having created three shipping business entities, in his lifetime. In 1989, he sold Royal Cruise Lines to Kloster for a reported US$300 million (US$607 million as converted in 2019). In 2007, he sold his Athens-based Attica Group for about US$404 million to Marfin Investment Group (MIG). He also owns Magna Marine Inc., a modern shipping company that owns and runs modern bulk carriers. His death was announced by his wife, on Facebook on February 5, 2019.
Salem, New Hampshire
Salem is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 30,089 at the 2020 census and an estimated 30,647 in 2022. Salem is a suburb of Boston and Manchester located on Interstate 93. As the first town along I-93 northbound in New Hampshire, Salem has grown into a regional commercial hub for the northern section of Greater Boston, anchored by the Mall at Rockingham Park and Tuscan Village. Other major sites include Canobie Lake Park, a large amusement park; and America's Stonehenge, a stone structure of disputed origins. It is the former home of Rockingham Park, a horse racetrack. The Sununu political family hails from Salem, including former New Hampshire governor and White House Chief of Staff John H. Sununu, and his sons John E. Sununu, a former U.S. senator, and Chris Sununu, former New Hampshire governor.

Rockingham Park
Rockingham Park was a 1-mile (1.6 km) horse racing establishment in Salem, New Hampshire, in the United States. Notable horses to run at Rockingham Park included Seabiscuit, who raced there in 1935 and 1936,: 65–66  and Mom's Command, who ran in her first race and gained her first victory there in 1984.: 334
Crito
Crito (/ˈkraɪtoʊ/ KRY-toh or /ˈkriːtoʊ/ KREE-toh; Ancient Greek: Κρίτων [krítɔːn]) is a dialogue written by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato. It depicts a conversation between Socrates and his wealthy friend Crito of Alopece regarding justice (δικαιοσύνη), injustice (ἀδικία), and the appropriate response to injustice. It follows Socrates' imprisonment, just after the events of the Apology.

In Crito, Socrates believes injustice may not be answered with injustice, personifies the Laws of Athens to prove this, and refuses Crito's offer to finance his escape from prison. The dialogue contains an ancient statement of the social contract theory of government. In contemporary discussions, the meaning of Crito is debated to determine whether it is a plea for unconditional obedience to the laws of a society. The text is one of the few Platonic dialogues that appear to be unaffected by Plato's opinions on the matter; it is dated to have been written around the same time as the Apology.

Crito of Alopece
Crito of Alopece (/ˈkraɪtoʊ/ KRY-toh or /ˈkriːtoʊ/ KREE-toh; Ancient Greek: Κρίτων Άλωπεκῆθεν, gen.: Κρίτωνος, Kríton Alōpekēthen; c. 469 – 4th century BC)  was an ancient Athenian agriculturist depicted in the Socratic literature of Plato and Xenophon, where he appears as a faithful and lifelong companion of the philosopher Socrates.  Although the later tradition of ancient scholarship attributed philosophical works to Crito, modern scholars do not consider him to have been an active philosopher, but rather a member of Socrates' inner circle through childhood friendship.
Lily Franz
Lily Franz (1924–2011), born Adele Franz, married as Lily van Angeren, published as Lily van Angeren-Franz) was a Sintezza writer. She was arrested with her family in 1943 and taken to Auschwitz concentration camp as part of the Romani Holocaust. Franz survived the camp, testifying against a SS officer. She lived in the Netherlands and published a memoir.

Sinti
The Sinti (masc. sing. Sinto; fem. sing. Sintetsa, Sinta) are a subgroup of the Romani people. They are found mostly in Germany, France, Italy and Central Europe, numbering some 200,000 people. They were traditionally itinerant, but today only a small percentage of Sinti remain unsettled. In earlier times, they frequently lived on the outskirts of communities.

Within the Sinti Community are various tribes such as the Manouche in France. They speak the Sinti-Manouche variety of Romani, which exhibits strong German influence.