hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
826LA
826LA is a Los Angeles–based nonprofit organization supporting students ages 6–18 with their creative and expository writing skills and helping teachers. Programs are structured around one-on-one attention. 826LA was founded in 2005 and is one of several chapters of 826 National. To serve students across Los Angeles' various regions, there are two locations: 826LA in Mar Vista and 826LA in Echo Park. The organization also operates Writers' Rooms on the campuses of Manual Arts High School in South Los Angeles and Roosevelt High School in Boyle Heights, and offers a range of virtual writing and tutoring programs.

There are eight other 826 National chapters; San Francisco (826 Valencia), NYC (826NYC), Chicago (826CHI), Ann Arbor/Ypsilanti/Detroit (826michigan), Boston (826 Boston), New Orleans (826 New Orleans), Minneapolis/St. Paul (826 MSP) and Washington, D.C. (826DC).

826 National
826 National is a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping students, ages 6–18, improve their expository and creative writing skills. The organization's eight chapters include 826 Valencia in San Francisco, 826NYC in Brooklyn, 826LA in Los Angeles, 826CHI in Chicago, 826Michigan (serving Ann Arbor, Detroit, and Ypsilanti), 826 Boston in Boston, 826DC in Washington, DC, 826 New Orleans, and 826MSP.
Spaubeek
Spaubeek is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Beek, about 3 km south of the town of Geleen.
Spaubeek was a separate municipality until 1982, when it was merged with Beek.

Beek
Beek (Dutch: [ˈbeːk] ⓘ; Limburgish: Baek [ˈbɛːk]) is a town and municipality in the southeastern Netherlands, in the province of Limburg. As of 2012, Beek has a population of about 16,400, of which about 8,800 live in the town of Beek.

The municipality of Beek makes part of the region of South Limburg and lies between the city of Geleen in the north and Maastricht in the south, and lies furthermore southeast of interchange Kerensheide and the chemical industries of Chemelot. It has a slightly hilly landscape with altitudes differing between 70 and 120 metres (230 and 390 ft) above sea level, and has two small forests: Kelmonderbos between Beek and Kelmond, and Spaubekerbos near Spaubeek. The Keutelbeek flows through and has its source in the municipality of Beek.
Linear Tape File System
The Linear Tape File System (LTFS) is a file system that allows files stored on magnetic tape to be accessed in a similar fashion to those on disk or removable flash drives. It requires both a specific format of data on the tape media and software to provide a file system interface to the data.

The technology, based around a self-describing tape format developed by IBM, was adopted by the LTO Consortium in 2010.

Magnetic-tape data storage
Magnetic-tape data storage is a system for storing digital information on magnetic tape using digital recording. Commercial magnetic tape products used for data storage were first released in the 1950s and have continued to be developed and released to the present day.

Tape was an important medium for primary data storage in early computers, typically using large open reels of 7-track, later 9-track tape. Modern magnetic tape is most commonly packaged in cartridges and cassettes, such as the widely supported Linear Tape-Open (LTO) and IBM 3592 series. The device that performs the writing or reading of data is called a tape drive. Autoloaders and tape libraries are often used to automate cartridge handling and exchange. Compatibility was important to enable transferring data.

Tape data storage is now used more for system backup, data archive and data exchange. The low cost of tape has kept it viable for long-term storage and archive.
Karlovci Gymnasium
The Karlovci Gymnasium (Serbian: Карловачка гимназија, romanized: Karlovačka gimnazija) is the high school (gymnasium) located in the town of Sremski Karlovci. Founded in 1791, it is the oldest secondary school in Serbia. This type of school is comparable to U.S. college preparatory schools or English grammar schools.

Sremski Karlovci
Sremski Karlovci (Serbian Cyrillic: Сремски Карловци, pronounced [srêːmskiː kâːrloːʋt͡si]) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It is situated on the banks of the Danube, 8 kilometres (5 miles) from Novi Sad. According to the 2022 census results, it has a population of 7,872 inhabitants. The town has traditionally been known as the seat of the Serbian Orthodox Church in the Habsburg Monarchy. It was the political and cultural capital of Serbian Vojvodina after the May Assembly and during the Revolution in 1848.
We Bare Bears
We Bare Bears is an American animated sitcom created by Daniel Chong for Cartoon Network. The show follows three bear brothers, named Grizz, Panda and Ice Bear, and their awkward attempts at integrating with the human world in the San Francisco Bay Area.

The series was based on Chong's webcomic The Three Bare Bears, and the pilot episode made its world premiere at the KLIK! Amsterdam Animation Festival, where it won in the "Young Amsterdam Audience" category. The show premiered on July 27, 2015, and ended on May 27, 2019, and ran for four seasons and a total of 140 episodes and 15 short.

A film adaptation, We Bare Bears: The Movie, was released digitally on June 30, 2020, and later aired on Cartoon Network on September 7; it served as a conclusion to the narrative of the series. A spin-off prequel series titled We Baby Bears, focusing on the Three Bears when they were cubs, premiered on January 1, 2022.

We Baby Bears
We Baby Bears is an American animated television series developed by Manny Hernandez for Cartoon Network. It is a spin-off prequel to the animated series We Bare Bears, which was created by Daniel Chong. Produced by Cartoon Network Studios, it premiered on January 1, 2022. On January 31, 2022, the series was renewed for a second season, which premiered on June 17, 2023.
Frederika Randall
Frederika Randall (1948 – 12 May 2020) was an American-Italian translator and journalist. Born in western Pennsylvania, she expatriated to Italy in 1985 at the age of 37. As a journalist, she wrote in both English and Italian for publications such as the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and Internazionale; from 2000 until her death, she was the Rome correspondent to The Nation. A prolific translator, her works included Confessions of an Italian, considered one of the most important Italian novels of the 19th century.

Ippolito Nievo
Ippolito Nievo (Italian pronunciation: [ipˈpɔːlito ˈnjɛːvo; ˈnjeː-]; 30 November 1831 – 4 March 1861) was an Italian writer, journalist and patriot. His Confessions of an Italian is widely considered the most important novel about the Italian Risorgimento.
Klallam people
The Klallam (Klallam: nəxʷsƛ̕áy̕əm̕; also known as the S'Klallam or Clallam) are a Coast Salish people Indigenous to the northern Olympic Peninsula. The language of the Klallam is the Klallam language (Klallam: nəxʷsƛ̕ay̕əmúcən), a language closely related to the North Straits Salish languages. The Klallam are today citizens of four recognized bands: Three federally-recognized tribes in the United States and one band government in Canada. Two Klallam tribes, the Jamestown S'Klallam and Lower Elwha Klallam, live on the Olympic Peninsula, and one, the Port Gamble S'Klallam, on the Kitsap Peninsula in Washington state. In Canada, the Scia'new First Nation is based at Becher Bay on southern Vancouver Island in British Columbia.

Port Gamble Band of S'Klallam Indians
The Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe, formerly known as the Port Gamble Indian Community of the Port Gamble Reservation or the Port Gamble Band of S'Klallam Indians is a federally recognized tribe of S'Klallam people, located on the Kitsap Peninsula in Washington. They are an Indigenous peoples of the Northwest Coast.
Kane Vidmar
Kane Sebastiano Vidmar (born 4 June 2004) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as a centre back. Born in Wales, he represents the Australian national team at youth level. He is the son of Tony Vidmar and nephew of Aurelio Vidmar.

Tony Vidmar
Antony Vidmar (born 4 July 1970) is an Australian soccer coach and former player, who serves as an assistant coach with the Australia men's national team and recent coach of the country's men's under-23 team from 2022-2026. He was a member of the Australia national team, competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona for his native country, and with 76 caps, is one of Australia's most capped players. His brother Aurelio Vidmar is also a former footballer.
Halensee
Halensee (German: [ˈhaːlən̩ˌzeː] ⓘ) is a locality (Ortsteil) of Berlin in the district (Bezirk) of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Halensee was established as a villa and tenement settlement in about 1880, in the suburb of Wilmersdorf, which became part of Greater Berlin in 1920. In 2004, Halensee became its own Ortsteil. With an area of 1.27 km2 it is the smallest Ortsteil in Berlin after Hansaviertel.

Wilmersdorf
Wilmersdorf (German pronunciation: [ˈvɪlmɐsdɔʁf] ⓘ) is an inner-city locality of Berlin which lies south-west of the central city. Formerly a borough by itself, Wilmersdorf became part of the new borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf following Berlin's 2001 administrative reform.
Postage stamps and postal history of the Isle of Man
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the Isle of Man.

The Isle of Man is a self-governing British Crown dependency in the Irish Sea between the islands of Great Britain and Ireland. The island is about 32 miles (51 km) long and, at its widest, 14 miles (23 km) wide. It has been inhabited for over 8,500 years. The capital is Douglas. English is the main language spoken but the island has its own Manx language which is of Celtic origin. The Isle of Man parliament, known as Tynwald, is believed to be the oldest continuous parliamentary body in the world.

The postal history of the island pre-dates introduction of the first postage stamps in 1840. The island used British stamps until 1958 when regional issues began. The Isle of Man Post Office was founded in 1973 to secure postal independence and, since then, the island has issued its own stamps.

Isle of Man Post Office
The Isle of Man Post Office (Manx: Oik Postagh Ellan Vannin), which formerly used the trading name Isle of Man Post, operates postal collection, ancillary mail services, philatelic goods and delivery services and post office counter services on the Isle of Man.
Kunda culture
The Kunda culture, which originated from the Swiderian culture, comprised Mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities of the Baltic forest zone extending eastwards through Latvia into northern Russia, dating to the period 8500–5000 BC according to calibrated radiocarbon dating. It is named after the Estonian town of Kunda, about 110 kilometres (70 mi) east of Tallinn along the Gulf of Finland, near where the first extensively studied settlement was discovered on Lammasmäe Hill and in the surrounding peat bog. The oldest known settlement of the Kunda culture in Estonia is Pulli. The Kunda culture was succeeded by the Narva culture, who used pottery and showed some traces of food production.

Swiderian culture
The Swiderian culture is an Upper Palaeolithic/Mesolithic cultural complex, centred on the area of modern Poland. The type-site is Świdry Wielkie, in Otwock near the Swider River, a tributary to the Vistula River, in Masovia. The Swiderian is recognized as a distinctive culture that developed on the sand dunes left behind by the retreating glaciers. Rimantienė (1996) considered the relationship between Swiderian and Solutrean "outstanding, though also indirect", in contrast with the Bromme-Ahrensburg complex (Lyngby culture), for which she introduced the term "Baltic Magdalenian" for generalizing all other North European Late Paleolithic culture groups that have a common origin in Aurignacian.
Livadeia railway station
Livadeia railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Λιβαδειάς, romanized: Sidirodromikós stathmós Livadeias) is a railway station close to Livadeia, Boeotia, Greece. The station opened on 8 March 1904., along with the rest of the line. It is served by intercity trains between Athens and Thessaloniki and by regional trains to Kalampaka.

Livadeia
Livadeia (Greek: Λιβαδειά [livaˈðja]; Ancient Greek: Λεβάδεια [lebádeːa]) is a town in central Greece. It is the capital of the Boeotia regional unit. Livadeia lies 90 km (56 mi) north-west of Athens, 64 km (40 mi) west of Chalkida, 63 km (39 mi) south-east of Lamia, 44 km (27 mi) east-south-east of Amfissa, and 91 km (57 mi) east-north-east of Nafpaktos. The town lies some five kilometres (3.1 miles) west of Greek National Road 3, to which it is linked by National Road 48.

The area around Livadeia is mountainous, with farming activities mainly confined to the valleys. The area has traditionally been associated with the production and processing of cotton and tobacco, as well as the cultivation of cereal crops and the raising of livestock. The city also known for having participated in the Trojan War in allegiance with Mycenae.

Livadeia is home to Levadiakos F.C., it currently plays in the Greek Super League.
Simple lens
In optics, a simple lens or singlet lens is a lens consisting of a single simple element. Typical examples include a magnifying glass or a lens in a pair of simple reading glasses.

Simple lenses are prone to aberrations, especially chromatic aberration. They cannot be used for precise imaging and make poor camera lenses.  They are commonly used for laser applications, however, where the beams are both monochromatic (minimizing chromatic aberration) and narrow (minimizing spherical aberration).

Some cameras  with fixed lenses have been made using a simple lens, usually a meniscus lens with the convex face facing outward. In such examples the lens aperture is made small and in some cases (such as the Kodak Brownie 127 camera), the film plane is curved to reduce the impact of aberrations.

Lens
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made from materials such as glass or plastic and are ground, polished, or molded to the required shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called "lenses", such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses.

Lenses are used in various imaging devices such as telescopes, binoculars, and cameras. They are also used as visual aids in glasses to correct defects of vision such as myopia and hypermetropia.
Estadio Guaycura
The Estadio Guaycura is a football stadium in La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico. With a capacity of 5,209, it serves as the home stadium of Club Atlético La Paz in the second-tier Liga de Expansión MX.  Along with the baseball-specific Estadio Arturo C. Nahl and the indoor Arena La Paz, it forms a part of a sports complex called Villa Deportiva de La Paz.

Atlético La Paz
Club Atlético La Paz is a Mexican professional football club based in La Paz, Baja California Sur. It competes in Liga de Expansión MX, the second level division of Mexican football, and plays its home matches at the Estadio Guaycura.
Qarhan Playa
The Qarhan Playa or Salt Plain, also misleadingly described as Qarhan Lake, is a playa in the Golmud and Dulan counties of Haixi Prefecture, Qinghai, China. Formerly a single unitary lake, it is now an expansive salt flat divided into four greater sections (Dabusun, Big/Small Bieletan, Suli, and N./S. Huoluxun) which contain a number of smaller salt lakes, the largest of which is Dabusun Lake. The area is heavily exploited for its valuable salt, mineral, and rare earth reserves but parts are also protected as a national park and contribute to regional tourism.

Dabusun Lake
Dabusun or Dabuxun Lake, alternately known as Dabasun Nor, is a lake beside the town Qarhan, just north of Golmud in the Haixi Prefecture of Qinghai Province in northwestern China. Fed by the main course of the Golmud River, it is the largest present-day lake in the Qarhan Playa. Like the other lakes of the surrounding Qaidam Basin, it is extremely saline, with 307–338 grams of salt per liter of water (2.5 lb/gallon).
Multimodal learning
Multimodal learning is a type of deep learning that integrates and processes multiple types of data, referred to as  modalities, such as text, audio, images, or video. This integration allows for a more holistic understanding of complex data, improving model performance in tasks like visual question answering, cross-modal retrieval, text-to-image generation, aesthetic ranking, and image captioning.

Large multimodal models, such as Google Gemini and GPT-4o, have become increasingly popular since 2023, enabling increased versatility and a broader understanding of real-world phenomena.

Modality (human–computer interaction)
In the context of human–computer interaction, a modality is the classification of a single independent channel of input/output between a computer and a human. Such channels may differ based on sensory nature (e.g., visual vs. auditory), or other significant differences in processing (e.g., text vs. image).
A system is designated unimodal if it has only one modality implemented, and multimodal if it has more than one. When multiple modalities are available for some tasks or aspects of a task, the system is said to have overlapping modalities. If multiple modalities are available for a task, the system is said to have redundant modalities. Multiple modalities can be used in combination to provide complementary methods that may be redundant but convey information more effectively. Modalities can be generally defined in two forms: computer-human and human-computer modalities.
Rai Sahib
Rai Sahib / Rao Saheb / Roy Sahib / Rao Sahib (abbreviated R.S.) was a title of honour issued during the era of British rule in India to individuals who performed faithful service or acts of public welfare to the nation. From 1911 the title was accompanied by a special Title Badge. Translated, Rai means "King" Sahib means "Leader". Awarded during the reign of George VI. For another image of the badge see link
This was the start level title usually awarded to civilians, which could later be upgraded to Rao Bahadur and then to Dewan Bahadur titles.

The title styled Rai Sahib were awarded to Hindu people of North India, Rao Saheb in Maharashtra and styled Rao Sahib to Hindu people of South India, however, they were both of same category and spelling was altered to meet with regional differences of pronunciation.

The Rai Sahib/Rao Sahib/Roy Sahib and other similar titles issued during the British Raj were disestablished in 1947 upon independence of India.

Dewan Bahadur
Dewan Bahadur or Diwan Bahadur was a title of honour awarded during British rule in India. It was awarded to individuals who had performed faithful service or acts of public welfare to the nation. From 1911, the title was accompanied by a special Title Badge. Dewan literally means 'Prime Minister' in the Indian context and Bahadur means brave.

This title was above the Rao Bahadur title, and people with the Rao Bahadur title could be elevated to the status of Diwan Bahadur.

Further, the Prime Ministers of the Indian Princely States were known as Dewan/Diwan. They were also given or promoted directly to the title of Dewan Bahadur by the British authorities on being appointed Dewan, to suit their post.

The Dewan and other similar titles issued during the British Raj were disestablished in August 1947 upon the independence of India.
Elisabeth Hevelius
Elisabeth Catherina Koopmann-Hevelius (Polish: Elżbieta Heweliusz; 17 January 1647 – 22 December 1693) is considered one of the first female astronomers. Originally from Danzig, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, she contributed to improve the work and observations done together with her husband Johannes Hevelius.

Johannes Hevelius
Johannes Hevelius (in German also known as Hevel; Polish: Jan Heweliusz; (1611-01-28)28 January 1611 – 28 January 1687) was a  councillor and chairman of the city council of the Old Town, Gdańsk (in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth). As an  astronomer, he gained a reputation as "the founder of lunar topography", and described ten new constellations, seven of which are still used by astronomers.
Darby Crash
Jan Paul Beahm (better known by his stage name Darby Crash, formerly Bobby Pyn; September 26, 1958 – December 7, 1980) was an American singer who, along with longtime friend Pat Smear (born Georg Albert Ruthenberg), co-founded the punk rock band the Germs and was best known as their lead vocalist. In 1980, he died by suicide by deliberately overdosing on heroin.

Pat Smear
Georg Albert Ruthenberg (born August 5, 1959), better known by his stage name Pat Smear, is an American musician and since 2010 has been a rhythm guitarist for the Foo Fighters. He was the lead guitarist and co-founder of Los Angeles–based punk band The Germs and a rhythm guitarist for Nirvana (which he joined as a touring guitarist in 1993). After Nirvana disbanded following the death of frontman Kurt Cobain, drummer Dave Grohl went on to form Foo Fighters, with Smear joining on guitar. Smear left the band in 1997 before rejoining as a touring guitarist in 2005 and being promoted back to a full-time member in 2010.
Holkham
Holkham is a small village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. The village is dominated by the stately home and estate, Holkham Hall, and a beach, Holkham Gap, at the centre of Holkham National Nature Reserve.

Holkham is located 1.8 miles (2.9 km) north-west of Wells-next-the-Sea and 31 miles (50 km) north-west of Norwich.

Wells-next-the-Sea
Wells-next-the-Sea is a port town on the north coast of Norfolk, England.

The civil parish has an area of 16.31 km2 (6.30 sq mi) and in 2001 had a population of 2,451, reducing to 2,165 at the 2011 census.

Wells is 15 miles (24 km) to the east of the resort Hunstanton, 20 miles (32 km) to the west of Cromer, and 10 miles (16 km) north of Fakenham. The city Norwich lies 32 miles (51 km) to the south-east. Nearby villages include Blakeney, Burnham Market, Burnham Thorpe, Holkham and Walsingham.
Montebello Unified School District
Montebello Unified School District is a school district based in Montebello, California, United States.

Montebello USD serves the city of Montebello, portions of the cities of Bell Gardens, Commerce, Downey, Monterey Park, Pico Rivera, Rosemead, and a part of the unincorporated community of East Los Angeles as well as the unincorporated community of South San Gabriel. A portion of Bell lies within the district limits, but it has no residents.

Montebello, California
Montebello (Italian for "Beautiful Mountain") is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, located just east of East Los Angeles and southwest of San Gabriel Valley. It is an independent city 8 mi (13 km) east of downtown Los Angeles. It is considered part of the Gateway Cities and San Gabriel Valley Cities, and is a member of the Gateway Cities Council of Governments and the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments.

In the early 20th century, Montebello was a well-known source for oil reserves. At the 2020 census, the population estimate was 63,833. The population estimate for July 1, 2024, was 60,617.