hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ciliary muscle
The ciliary muscle is an intrinsic muscle of the eye formed as a ring of smooth muscle in the eye's middle layer, the uvea (vascular layer). It controls accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humor into Schlemm's canal. It also changes the shape of the lens within the eye but not the size of the pupil which is carried out by the sphincter pupillae muscle and dilator pupillae.

The ciliary muscle, pupillary sphincter muscle and pupillary dilator muscle sometimes are called intrinsic ocular muscles or intraocular muscles.

Iris sphincter muscle
The iris sphincter muscle (pupillary sphincter, pupillary constrictor, circular muscle of iris, circular fibers) is a muscle in the part of the eye called the iris. It encircles the pupil of the iris, appropriate to its function as a constrictor of the pupil.

The ciliary muscle, pupillary sphincter muscle and pupillary dilator muscle sometimes are called intrinsic ocular muscles or intraocular muscles.
Globe and Phoenix Mine
18°53′40″S 29°48′40″E﻿ / ﻿18.8944°S 29.8111°E﻿ / -18.8944; 29.8111

Globe and Phoenix Mine (G&P Mine) is a gold mine in Zimbabwe. It is just outside Kwekwe CBD.

G&P Mine was pegged on the site of ancient gold workings in 1894 by prospectors Edward Thornton Pearson and Joseph Schukala. The two men were shown this ancient mining place by a Shona native whose confidence they bought with two blankets.

The head works of the mine still dominate Kwekwe City which was founded from the mine's compound township which was known as Sebakwe before merging with the then Fort Kwekwe and assuming the name Kwekwe, then spelt Que Que.

G&P Mine, although it once produced the world's richest gold ore, has its palmy days over now. Other mineral found at the mine are Kermesite, Magnetite, Quartz and Stibnite.

It is located a few hundred metres from the CBD westwards.

Kwekwe
Kwekwe (/ˈkwɛkwɛ/ KWEH-kweh), formerly known as Que Que, is a city in the Midlands province in central Zimbabwe. The city has a population of 119,863 within the city limits, as of the 2022 census, making it the 7th-largest city in Zimbabwe and the second-most populous city in the Midlands, behind Gweru.
Birkerød
Birkerød (Danish: [ˈpiɐ̯kəˌʁøˀð]) is a town in Rudersdal Municipality in the northern outskirts of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is surrounded by several lakes and small woodlands. Birkerød station is located on the Hillerød radial of the S-train suburban network.

Nordbanen
The North Line (Danish: Nordbanen) is a 36.5 kilometres (22.7 mi) railway line which connects the centre of Copenhagen with several of its northern suburbs, and the cities of Birkerød,  Lillerød and Hillerød in North Zealand, Denmark. It is one of the six radial lines of Copenhagen's S-train network, a hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit system serving Greater Copenhagen.

The North Line opened in 1864, and was originally the main line between Copenhagen and Elsinore until the more direct Coast Line opened in 1897. Today, the name refers to electrified section between Copenhagen and Hillerød, which is integrated with Copenhagen's S-train network. The rump section from Hillerød to Elsinore still exists and is today known as the Little North Line operated by the regional railway company Lokaltog.
The Linguists
The Linguists is an independent 2008 American documentary film produced by Ironbound Films about language extinction and language documentation.  It follows two linguists, Greg Anderson of the Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages and David Harrison of Swarthmore College, as they travel around the world to collect recordings of some of the last speakers of several moribund (dying) languages: Chulym in Siberia; Chemehuevi in Arizona, U.S.; Sora in Odisha, India; and Kallawaya in Bolivia.

Gregory Anderson (linguist)
Gregory David Shelton Anderson is an American linguist specializing in languages of Siberia, Munda languages, and auxiliary verbs. Anderson earned his doctorate in linguistics from the University of Chicago in 2000, and is currently director of the Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages. He was featured in the documentary film The Linguists.
Newfoundland Rock
The Newfoundland Rock are a Canadian rugby union team based in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. The team plays in the Rugby Canada National Junior Championship (RCNJC) and draws most of its players from the Newfoundland Rugby Union, one of fourteen Rugby Unions that have representative teams in the RCNJC.

The organization was originally a competitor at the senior men's level.  However, with a 2009 restructuring of Canada's rugby competitions, their place has been taken by a successor organization, the Atlantic Rock, a regional team in the Americas Rugby Championship.

The Rock play their home games at Swilers Rugby Park in St. John's.

Rugby Canada National Junior Championship
The Rugby Canada National Junior Championship was an amateur rugby union competition in Canada. It only lasted two seasons, 2009 and 2010.  The 2009 champion was the Vancouver Wave, and the 2010 championship went to the Newfoundland Rock.

The league was created when Rugby Canada disbanded the Rugby Canada Super League (RCSL) and replace it with a new under-20 league. The league consisted of 12 teams, and was broken up into four divisions; Pacific, Prairie, Central, and Atlantic.

The league was intended to train, test, and get young rugby players ready so that someday they will be able to compete for the Canadian national rugby union team.
Identitet
"Identitet" (Albanian pronunciation: [idɛntitɛt]; transl. Identity) is a song by Albanian singers Adrian Lulgjuraj and Bledar Sejko. It was first released on 12 March 2013 as a music video release which was uploaded on the official YouTube channel of the Eurovision Song Contest, then it was released as a single as part of a CD compilation on 29 April 2013 by Universal Music. The Albanian-language folk-inspired heavy rock song was composed by Bledar Sejko and the lyrics were written by Eda Sejko.

The song represented Albania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö, Sweden, after winning the country's pre-selection competition Festivali i Këngës. But, it failed to qualify for the grand final, as it was ranked in fifteenth place, thus marking the country's fourth non-qualification in the contest. During their rock and roll-themed show, the duo was accompanied by four instrumentalists and a variety of flashing red and orange colours displayed on the LED screens in the background.

Albania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013
Albania was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö, Sweden, with the song "Identitet" performed by Adrian Lulgjuraj and Bledar Sejko. Its selected entry was chosen through the national selection competition Festivali i Këngës organised by Radio Televizioni Shqiptar (RTSH) in December 2012. To this point, the nation had participated in the Eurovision Song Contest nine times since its first entry in 2004. Prior to the contest, the song was promoted by a music video and a live performance, the latter of which was in the Netherlands.
Albania was drawn to compete in the second semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest, which took place on 16 May 2013. Performing as number 14th, the nation was not announced among the top 10 entries of the second semi-final and therefore failed to qualify for the final, marking Albania's fourth non-qualification in the contest.
Novatianism
Novatianism or Novationism was an early Christian sect devoted to the theologian Novatian (c. 200 – c. 258) that held a strict view that refused readmission to communion of lapsi (those baptized Christians who had denied their faith or performed the formalities of a ritual sacrifice to the pagan gods under the pressures of the persecution sanctioned by Emperor Decius in AD 250). The Church of Rome declared the Novatianists heretical following the letters of Saint Cyprian of Carthage and Ambrose wrote against them. Novatianism survived until the 8th century.

Novatian theology was heavily influenced by Tertullian, and made heavy use of his writings.

Novatian
Novatian (Greek: Νοβατιανός, Latin: Novatianus, c. 200 – c. 258) was a scholar, priest, and theologian. He is considered by the Catholic Church to have been an antipope between 251 and 258. Some Greek authors give his name as Novatus, who was an African presbyter.

He was a noted theologian and writer, the first Roman theologian who used the Latin language, at a time when there was much debate about how to deal with Christians who had lapsed and wished to return, and the issue of penance. Consecrated as pope by three bishops in 251, he adopted a more rigorous position than the established Pope Cornelius. Novatian was shortly afterwards excommunicated: the schismatic church which he established persisted for several centuries (see Novatianism).
Sikrikim
The Sikrikim (Hebrew: סיקריקים) is a Haredi Jewish organization based in the Israeli Haredi neighbourhoods Meah Shearim in Jerusalem and in Ramat Beit Shemesh. The anti-Zionist group is thought to have roughly 100 activist members. The Sikrikim gained international attention for acts of violence they committed against Orthodox Jewish institutions and individuals who would not comply with their demands.

Beit Shemesh
31°44′44″N 34°59′12″E﻿ / ﻿31.74556°N 34.98667°E﻿ / 31.74556; 34.98667

Beit Shemesh (Hebrew: בית שמש, lit. 'House of the Sun') is a city located approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Jerusalem in Israel's Jerusalem District. A center of Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodoxy, Beit Shemesh has a population of 167,318 as of 2023.

The city is named after and located near the remains of ancient Beth Shemesh, a biblical city of the territory of Judah.
Soviet Air Defence Forces
The Soviet Air Defence Forces (Russian: войска ПВО, romanized: voyska protivovozdushnoy oborony, voyska PVO, V-PVO, lit. 'Anti-Air Defence Troops'; formerly: противовоздушная оборона страны, ПВО страны, romanized: protivovozdushnaya oborona strany, PVO strany, lit. 'Anti-Air Defence of the Country') was the air defence branch of the Soviet Armed Forces.

Formed in 1941, it continued being a service branch of the Russian Armed Forces after 1991 until it was merged into the Air Force in 1998. Unlike Western air defence forces, V-PVO was a branch of the military unto itself, separate from the Soviet Air Force (VVS) and Air Defence Troops of Ground Forces. During the Soviet period it was generally ranked third in importance of the Soviet services, behind the Strategic Rocket Forces and the Ground Forces.

Russian Air Force
The Russian Air Force (Russian: Военно-воздушные силы России, ВВС, romanized: Voenno-vozdushnye sily Rossii, VVS) is a branch of the Russian Aerospace Forces, which was formed on 1 August 2015, with the merging of the Russian Air Force and the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the reborn Russian armed forces began to be created on 7 May 1992 following Boris Yeltsin's creation of the Ministry of Defence. However, the Russian Federation's air force can trace its lineage and traditions back to the Imperial Russian Air Service (1912–1917) and the Soviet Air Forces (1918–1991).
Hepcidin
Hepcidin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HAMP gene. Hepcidin is a key regulator of the entry of iron into the circulation in mammals.

During conditions in which the hepcidin level is abnormally high, such as inflammation, serum iron falls due to iron trapping within macrophages and liver cells and decreased gut iron absorption. This typically leads to anemia due to an inadequate amount of blood serum iron being available for developing red blood cells. When the hepcidin level is  abnormally low, such as in hemochromatosis, iron overload occurs due to increased ferroportin mediated iron efflux from storage and increased gut iron absorption.

Ferroportin
Ferroportin-1, also known as solute carrier family 40 member 1 (SLC40A1) or iron-regulated transporter 1 (IREG1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC40A1 gene. Ferroportin is a transmembrane protein that transports iron from the inside of a cell to the outside of the cell. Ferroportin is the only known iron exporter.

After dietary iron is absorbed into the cells of the small intestine, ferroportin allows that iron to be transported out of those cells and into the bloodstream. Fpn also mediates the efflux of iron recycled from macrophages resident in the spleen and liver.

Ferroportin is regulated by hepcidin, a hormone produced by the liver; hepcidin binds to Fpn and limits its iron-efflux activity, thereby reducing iron delivery to the blood plasma. Therefore, the interaction between Fpn and hepcidin controls systemic iron homeostasis.
Gayle Conelly Manchin
Gayle Conelly Manchin (born June 20, 1947) is an American educator and government official who was the First Lady of West Virginia from 2005 to 2010 and has served as the Federal Co-Chair of the Appalachian Regional Commission since 2021. Manchin previously served as the president of the West Virginia Board of Education from 2013 to 2014 and West Virginia Secretary of Education and the Arts from 2017 until her termination in March 2018. She is married to former governor and former U.S. Senator Joe Manchin of West Virginia.

Heather Bresch
Heather Bresch (née Manchin; born June 27, 1969) is an American business executive. In 2012, she was named as the chief executive officer (CEO) of Netherlands-based pharmaceutical company Mylan, becoming the first woman to run a Fortune 500 pharmaceutical company. Bresch retired in 2020, upon the closing of Mylan’s combination with Upjohn. Bresch has been a central figure in two controversies: a 2007 accusation of inflating her resume with an unearned MBA degree, and as the CEO of Mylan during the 2016 controversy over pricing of the company's EpiPen products. In 2015, she was listed as #22 in Fortune magazine's “Most Powerful Women” list.

Bresch is the daughter of former West Virginia Governor and former U.S. Senator Joe Manchin.
Robert Hossein
Robert Hossein (30 December 1927 – 31 December 2020) was a French film actor, director, and writer. He directed the 1982 adaptation of Les Misérables and appeared in Vice and Virtue, Le Casse, Les Uns et les Autres and Venus Beauty Institute. His other roles include Michèle Mercier's husband in the Angélique series, a gunfighter in the Spaghetti Western Cemetery Without Crosses (which he also directed and co-wrote), and a Catholic priest who falls in love with Claude Jade and becomes a communist in Forbidden Priests.

Les Misérables (1982 film)
Les Misérables is a 1982 French drama film directed by Robert Hossein. It is one of the numerous screen adaptations of the 1862 novel of the same name by Victor Hugo. It was entered into the 13th Moscow International Film Festival where it won a Special Prize.
Lacrimal hamulus
The lacrimal hamulus is a small, hook-like bony projection of the lacrimal bone. It is a continuation of the posterior lacrimal crest. It articulates with the lacrimal tubercle of the maxilla, and completes the upper orifice of the lacrimal canaliculus. It sometimes exists as a separate piece, and is then called the lesser lacrimal bone.

Posterior lacrimal crest
The posterior lacrimal crest is a vertical bony ridge on the orbital surface of the lacrimal bone. It divides the bone into two parts. It gives origin to the lacrimal part of the orbicularis oculi muscle.
Fáilbe mac Pípáin
Fáilbe mac Pípáin was the eighth abbot of Iona (fl. 669–679). Fáilbe was of the same kindred as Columba, the Cenél Conaill, distantly related to him through their common ancestor Conall Gulban. We know from the writings of Adomnán that Fáilbe was at Iona when King Oswald of Northumbria visited sometime in the 630s and was also present when Saint Ernéne, son of Crasen, visited before his death in 635. Little is known of his abbacy, but we do know he enjoyed a good relationship with his monk and successor, Adomnán, to whom he relayed information. Fáilbe died on 22 March 679.

Adomnán
Adomnán or Adamnán of Iona (Old Irish: [ˈaðəβ̃ˌnaːn]; Latin: Adamnanus, Adomnanus; c. 624 – 704), also known as Eunan (/ˈjuːnən/ YOO-nən; from Naomh Adhamhnán), was an abbot of Iona Abbey (r. 679–704), hagiographer, statesman, canon jurist, and saint. He was the author of the Life of Columba (Latin: Vita Columbae), probably written between 697 and 700. This biography is by far the most important surviving work written in early-medieval Scotland, and is a vital source for our knowledge of the Picts, and an insight into the life of Iona and the early-medieval Gaelic monk.

Adomnán promulgated the Law of Adomnán or "Law of Innocents" (Latin: Lex Innocentium). He also wrote the treatise De Locis Sanctis ('On Holy Places'), an account of the great Christian holy places and centres of pilgrimage. Adomnán got much of his information from a Frankish bishop called Arculf, who had personally visited Egypt, Rome, Constantinople and the Holy Land, and visited Iona afterwards.
Khost rebellion (1924–1925)
The Khost rebellion, also known as the 1924 Mangal uprising, the Khost revolt or the Mangal Revolt was an uprising against the Westernization and modernizing reforms of Afghanistan’s king, Amanullah Khan. The uprising was launched in Southern Province, Afghanistan, and lasted from March 1924 to 1925. It was fought by the Mangal Pashtun tribe, later joined by the Sulaiman Khel, Ali Khel, Jaji, Jadran and Ahmadzai tribes. After causing the death of over 14,000 Afghans, the revolt was finally quelled in 1925.

It was the first conflict to involve the Afghan Air Force.

Sulaimankhel
The Sulaimankhel (Pashto: سليمان خېل), or Suleiman Khel, are a Pashtun sub-tribe of the Khilji tribe. As they are primarily Nomadic People. In the early 20th century, the tribe was recognized as generally pastoral.
2025–26 CAF Confederation Cup qualifying rounds
Qualification for the 2025–26 CAF Confederation Cup began on 16 September and ended on 26 October 2025, with 58 teams that competed for the 16 group stage places of the 2025–26 CAF Confederation Cup.

All times are local.

2025–26 CAF Confederation Cup group stage
The 2025–26 CAF Confederation Cup group stage began on 22 November 2025 and ended on 15 February 2026. 16 teams competed in the group stage to decide the eight places in the knockout stage of the 2025–26 CAF Confederation Cup.
Richard Ruccolo
Richard Robert Ruccolo (born March 2, 1972) is an American television and film actor, best known for his lead role in the sitcom Two Guys and a Girl (originally titled Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place).

Two Guys and a Girl
Two Guys and a Girl (titled Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place for the first two seasons) is an American television sitcom created by Rick Wiener, Kenny Schwartz, and Danny Jacobson. The series started as a short-run (thirteen episodes) mid-season replacement on March 11, 1998, on ABC. It ran for four seasons, ending with a cliffhanger finale, its 81st episode, on May 16, 2001.

The series stars Ryan Reynolds, Richard Ruccolo, and Traylor Howard as the title characters. Two recurring characters arrived in season two: Johnny Donnelly (Nathan Fillion) and Ashley Walker (Suzanne Cryer). In 2000, for the fourth season, ABC moved the sitcom from midweek to a Friday night death slot, leading to a steep drop in ratings. After the show returned to Wednesday for a two-week trial in an unsuccessful attempt to regain ratings, it was canceled in May 2001. The series finale was titled "The Internet Show", an episode in which fans of the show voted on the characters' outcome online.
Wilhelm IV of Eberstein
Count Wilhelm IV of Eberstein (3 May 1497 – 1 July 1562) was a member of the Swabian noble Eberstein family.  His father, Bernhard III (1459–1526) was president of the Reichskammergericht from 1510 to 1520.  His mother was Countess Kunigunde of Sonnenberg (1472–1538).

Like his father, Wilhelm IV served as president of the Reichskammergericht; he presided from 1546 to 1555.  He and his wife are mentioned several times in the Zimmern Chronicle, which was written by their son-in-law, Count Froben Christoph of Zimmern.

In 1561, Wilhelm officially converted the County of Eberstein to Protestantism.  He had been unofficially promoting the Evangelical faith for some time.  He expanded his Neu-Eberstein Castle significantly.  A tombstone depicting Wilhelm and his wife, has been preserved in the St. Jakob church in Gernsbach.

Froben Christoph of Zimmern
Count Froben Christoph of Zimmern (19 February 1519 – 27 November 1566) was the author of the Zimmern Chronicle and a member of the von Zimmern family of Swabian nobility.  
This article is based primarily on Beat Rudolf Jenny's biography of him.
Furness line
The Furness line is a British railway between Barrow-in-Furness and Carnforth, where it joins the West Coast Main Line. It serves various towns along the Furness coast, including Barrow-in-Furness, Ulverston and Grange-over-Sands.

The line serves primarily passenger traffic, with regional rail services operated by Northern from Manchester Airport, Preston and Lancaster. The majority of services along the line terminate at Barrow-in-Furness, however some services continue along the Cumbrian Coast Line to Millom, Whitehaven and Carlisle.

The line also sees regular freight traffic serving the Port of Barrow and Sellafield. The line was designated a community rail partnership by the Department for Transport in 2012.

Barrow-in-Furness railway station
Barrow-in-Furness (formerly Barrow Pier, Barrow Strand and Barrow Central) is a railway station on the Cumbrian Coast Line and Furness Line, 85+1⁄2 miles (138 km) south-west of Carlisle and 34+3⁄4 miles (56 km) north-west of Lancaster, in the town of Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.
Kemenche
Kemenche (Turkish: kemençe; Greek: κεμεντζές) or kamancha (Persian: کمانچه; Armenian: Քամանչա) is a name used for various types of stringed bowed musical instruments originating in the Eastern Mediterranean, particularly in Greece, Armenia, Iran, Turkey, and Azerbaijan. and regions adjacent to the Black Sea. These instruments are folk instruments, generally having three strings and played held upright with their tail on the knee of the musician. The name Kemenche derives from the Persian Kamancheh, meaning a "small bow".

Kamancheh
The kamancheh is an Iranian bowed string instrument used in Persian, Azerbaijani, Armenian, Kurdish, Georgian, Turkmen, and Uzbek music with slight variations in the structure of the instrument.

The kamancheh is related to the rebab which is the historical ancestor of the kamancheh and the bowed Byzantine lyra. The strings are played with a variable-tension bow.

In 2017, the art of crafting and playing with Kamantcheh/Kamancha was included into the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists of Iran and Azerbaijan.
Larne
Larne (from Irish Latharna, pronounced [ˈl̪ˠahəɾˠn̪ˠə], the name of a Gaelic territory) is a town on the east coast of County Antrim, Northern Ireland, with a population of 18,853 at the 2021 census. It is a major passenger and freight roll-on roll-off port. Larne is within the Mid and East Antrim Borough Council area. Together with parts of the neighbouring districts of Antrim and Newtownabbey and Causeway Coast and Glens, it forms the East Antrim constituency for elections to the Westminster Parliament and Northern Ireland Assembly. The civil parish is in the historic barony of Glenarm Upper.

Lathar
Lathar was a daughter of Úgaine Mór, a High King of Ireland during pre-Christian times.  Ugaine reputedly gave Lathar a stretch of land along the coast of County Antrim, from Glenarm to the Inver; which would one day make Larne.