hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joan of Arc (band)
Joan of Arc was an American indie rock band from Chicago, Illinois, named after the French saint Joan of Arc. They formed in 1995, following the breakup of Cap'n Jazz. Singer Tim Kinsella was the only permanent member of the group; he has also recorded as a solo artist.

Joan of Arc are known for their use of electronics, samples, and multi-track recording in their songs; some songs on The Gap contained over 100 tracks. Joan of Arc's lyrics and cover art are often intentionally misleading, humorous, or confusing. For example, the album Live in Chicago, 1999 is not a live album, but a reference to the fact that the band lived in Chicago in the year 1999.

Members of Joan of Arc have been in many other bands including Friend/Enemy with Califone's Tim Rutili; American Football with Kinsella's brother Mike; Owls, a Cap'n Jazz reunion; Ghosts and Vodka; Everyoned, The Love of Everything, Aitis Band, Doom Flower, Hydrofoil and Make Believe.

Owls (band)
Owls is an indie rock band from Chicago, Illinois. They were initially active from 2001 to 2002 and reunited in 2012. The band is composed of the original lineup of the emo band Cap'n Jazz excluding guitarist Davey von Bohlen, who had left to form The Promise Ring. The lineup has included brothers Tim Kinsella and Mike Kinsella (vocals and drums, respectively), guitarist Victor Villareal and bassist Sam Zurick. Tim Kinsella and Zurick have also played together in Joan of Arc and Make Believe. Villarreal and Zurick played together in the instrumental rock group Ghosts and Vodka. The band signed to Jade Tree on May 3, 2001, and released their debut on July 31.
Raška architectural school
Raška architectural school (Serbian: Рашка школа архитектуре), also known as the Raška style (Рашки стил, Raški stil), or simply as the Raška school, is an ecclesiastical architectural style that flourished in the Serbian Middle Ages (ca. 1170–1300), during the reign of the Nemanjić dynasty. The style is present in several notable churches and monasteries: Studenica, Peć, Sopoćani, Morača, Arilje and many others. This style descends from the traditional Byzantine architecture with early Christian church-design, and often utilizes a combination of stone and wood material. The Byzantine style was contrasted with that of the Latin-Romanesque style in Zeta. With the reunification of Serbia proper (Raška) and Zeta (Duklja) under Stefan Nemanja, a cultural bridge connected Serbia with the best-known centers of world art, Thessaloniki and Constantinople on the one side and the Republic of Venice and the Adriatic coast on the other.

Studenica Monastery
The Studenica Monastery (Serbian: Манастир Студеница / Manastir Studenica, pronounced [mânastiːr studɛ̌nit͡sa]) is a 12th-century Serbian Orthodox monastery situated 39 kilometres (24 mi) southwest of Kraljevo and 40.9 kilometres (25.4 mi) east of Ivanjica, in central Serbia.

Studenica was declared a Monument of Culture of Exceptional Importance in 1979, and is protected by the Republic of Serbia. In 1986 UNESCO included Studenica monastery on the list of World Heritage Sites, with the description:

The Studenica Monastery was established in the late 12th century by Stefan Nemanja, founder of the medieval Serb state, shortly after his abdication. It is the largest and richest of Serbia's Orthodox monasteries. Its two principal monuments, the Church of the Virgin and the Church of the King, both built of white marble, enshrine priceless collections of 13th- and 14th-century Byzantine painting.
Grit (TV network)
Grit (stylized in all caps as GRIT) is an American free-to-air television network owned by the Scripps Networks subsidiary of the E. W. Scripps Company. The network features classic Westerns, both TV series and films.

The network is available in many media markets via the digital subchannels of free-to-air television stations and on the digital tiers of select cable providers through a local affiliate of the network.

Originally, Katz sold the network to affiliated TV stations via ad split, but by October 2015 had moved to paying carriage fees in exchange for distributing the network's ad inventory.1 Grit used direct response advertising as a meter of viewers before switching to Nielsen rating C-3.3  It is available on Dish Network, DirecTV Stream, Sling TV, U-verse TV, and Frndly TV.

Scripps Networks
Scripps Networks, LLC, formerly known as Katz Broadcasting, is an American specialized digital multicasting network media company and a division of the E. W. Scripps Company. The company owns (as of 2026) seven broadcast television networks, nine FAST streaming networks and a streaming service that each carry programming with specified formats targeted at individual demographics.

Originally, Katz sold the network to affiliated TV stations via ad split, but by October 2015, had moved to carriage fees in exchange for the network getting the ad inventory due to greater inventory with stations adding a third or fourth subchannel.:1 Their networks used direct response advertising as a meter of viewers before switching to Nielsen rating C-3.:3
Freek Jansen
Frederik Jan Harm "Freek" Jansen (born 6 December 1992) is a Dutch politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives (2021–2024) for the far-right Forum for Democracy (FvD) party. He previously chaired the FvD youth wing, the Jongerenorganisatie Forum voor Democratie (2017–2021).

Jansen studied political science and joined Forum for Democracy in 2016, when it became a political party from a think tank. He established its youth wing the following year and became its chair on 1 April 2017. Jansen also assisted the party's House caucus. Reports about extremist messages by members of the youth wing in 2020 led to criticism of Jansen and caused a split within FvD. Jansen became a member of the House of Representatives after he was elected in the 2021 general election. He was reelected in 2023, before he stepped down in January 2024, ceding his seat to Pepijn van Houwelingen.

Pepijn van Houwelingen
Pepijn van Houwelingen (born 24 February 1980) is a Dutch politician of the  conservative populist party Forum for Democracy (FvD). He was elected to the House of Representatives in March 2021, and he served as a member of parliament until he lost his bid for re-election in November 2023. He returned to the House between January 2024 and November 2024 and once more between April 2025 and September 2025. Van Houwelingen holds a doctorate and has worked for The Netherlands Institute for Social Research for a decade.

Van Houwelingen has received media attention for several controversial statements with regard to his opposition to globalist ideas and the government's measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic.
Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York
Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York (1355 – 23 December 1392) was the daughter of King Peter and his mistress María de Padilla (d. 1361). She accompanied her elder sister, Constance, to England after Constance's marriage to John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, and married Gaunt's younger brother, Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York.

Constance of Castile, Duchess of Lancaster
Constance of Castile (1354 – 24 March 1394) was a claimant to the Crown of Castile. She was the daughter of King Peter, who was deposed and killed by his half-brother, King Henry II. She married the English prince John of Gaunt, who fought to obtain the throne of Castile in her name, but ultimately failed.
Job 33
Job 33 is the 33rd chapter of the Book of Job in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is anonymous; most scholars believe it was written around 6th century BCE. This chapter records the speech of Elihu, which belongs to the "Verdicts" section of the book, comprising Job 32:1–42:6.

Job 32
Job 32 is the 32nd chapter of the Book of Job in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is anonymous; most scholars believe it was written around 6th century BCE. This chapter records the speech of Elihu, which belongs to the "Verdicts" section of the book, comprising Job 32:1–42:6.
Tatiana Golovin
Tatiana Golovin (Russian: Татья́на Григóрьевна Головина́, romanized: Tatyana Grigoryevna Golovina; born 25 January 1988) is a French former professional tennis player. She won the 2004 French Open mixed-doubles event, partnering with Richard Gasquet, and reached the singles quarterfinals at the 2006 US Open, losing to the eventual champion Maria Sharapova. Her career-high singles ranking is world No. 12. In 2008, she was diagnosed with lower back inflammation and was forced to stop playing competitive tennis.

Richard Gasquet
Richard Gabriel Cyr Gasquet (French: [ʁiʃaʁ ɡaskɛ]; born 18 June 1986) is a French former professional tennis player. He was ranked as high as world No. 7 in men's singles by the ATP, attained in July 2007. Gasquet won 16 singles titles on the ATP Tour, and earned over 600 career match wins. His best performances in major singles tournaments were three semifinal appearances, two at the Wimbledon Championships (in 2007 and 2015) and one at the US Open (in 2013). His best performance in ATP Masters 1000 tournaments tournaments was runner-up finishes in Hamburg in 2005 and Toronto in 2006 and 2012. Gasquet won the mixed doubles title at the 2004 French Open, partnering Tatiana Golovin, and an Olympic bronze medal in men's doubles at the 2012 London Olympics, partnering Julien Benneteau. Gasquet was best known for his elegant groundstrokes and his one-handed backhand.
South Australian Railways 500 class (steam)
The South Australian Railways 500 class was a class of 4-8-2 steam locomotives introduced by the former South Australian Railways (SAR) in 1925. The locomotives were upgraded in 1929 by the installation of booster engines to increase the tractive effort to 59,000 pounds-force (260 kN). The resulting 500B class, with a 4-8-4 wheel arrangement, was briefly the most powerful steam locomotive class to operate in Australia until supplanted by the slightly more powerful NSWGR D57 class 4-8-2. During the late 1930s, the SAR followed the image-building trends being pursued by overseas railroads, covering all but two of the locomotives' piping and plumbing with a smooth casing and adding valances under the running boards. The last of the class was withdrawn from service in 1963.

4-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels, eight powered and coupled driving wheels and two trailing wheels. This type of steam locomotive is commonly known as the Mountain type, though the New York Central Railroad used the name Mohawk for their 4-8-2s.
The Night My Dad Saved Christmas 2
The Night My Dad Saved Christmas 2 (Spanish: La Navidad en sus manos 2) is a 2025 Spanish Christmas comedy film. It  is a sequel to the 2023 film The Night My Dad Saved Christmas, directed by Joaquín Mazón and reprising their starring roles are Santiago Segura, Ernesto Sevilla and Unax Hayden.  It is available on Netflix to stream from 5 December 2025.

The Night My Dad Saved Christmas
The Night My Dad Saved Christmas (Spanish: La Navidad en sus manos) is a 2023 Spanish-Mexican Christmas comedy film directed by Joaquín Mazón from a screenplay by Francisco Arnal and Daniel Monedero which stars Santiago Segura and Ernesto Sevilla.
Canes Venatici
Canes Venatici (/ˈkeɪniːz vɪˈnætɪsaɪ/ KAY-neez vin-AT-iss-eye) is one of the 88 constellations designated by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). It is a small northern constellation that was created by Johannes Hevelius in the 17th century. Its name is Latin for 'hunting dogs', and the constellation is often depicted in illustrations as representing the dogs of Boötes the Herdsman, a neighboring constellation.

Cor Caroli is the constellation's brightest star, with an apparent magnitude of 2.9. La Superba (Y CVn) is one of the reddest naked-eye stars and one of the brightest carbon stars. The Whirlpool Galaxy is a spiral galaxy tilted face-on to observers on Earth, and was the first galaxy whose spiral nature was discerned. In addition, quasar TON 618 is one of the most massive black holes with the mass of 66 billion solar masses.

Whirlpool Galaxy
The Whirlpool Galaxy, also known as Messier 51a (M51a) or NGC 5194, is an interacting grand-design spiral galaxy with a Seyfert 2 active galactic nucleus. It lies in the constellation Canes Venatici, and was the first galaxy to be classified as a spiral galaxy. It is 31 million lightyears (9.5 megaparsecs/Mpc) away and 23.58 kiloparsecs (76,900 ly) in diameter.

The galaxy and its companion, NGC 5195, are easily observed by amateur astronomers, and the two galaxies may be seen with binoculars. The Whirlpool Galaxy has been extensively observed by professional astronomers, who study it and its pair with dwarf galaxy NGC 5195 to understand galaxy structure (particularly structure associated with the spiral arms) and galaxy interactions. Its pair with NGC 5195 is among the most famous and relatively close interacting systems, and thus is a favorite subject of galaxy interaction models.
Ishum
Ishum (Išum; possibly the masculine form of Akkadian išātum, "fire") was a Mesopotamian god of Akkadian origin. He is best attested as a divine night watchman, tasked with protecting houses at night, but he was also associated with various underworld deities, especially Nergal (or Erra) and Shubula. He was associated with fire, but was not exclusively a fire god unlike Gibil. While he was not considered to be one of the major gods, he was commonly worshiped and appears in many theophoric names.  In bilingual texts he could be associated with Sumerian Hendursaga, but this equation is only attested for the first time in the Old Babylonian period, and the rationale behind it remains uncertain. Both of those gods could be regarded as the husband of the goddess Ninmug, though she was primarily associated with Ishum and only secondarily with Hendursaga.

Erra (god)
Erra (sometimes called Irra) is an Akkadian plague god known from an 'epos' of the eighth century BCE. Erra is the god of mayhem and pestilence who is responsible for periods of political confusion. He was assimilated to Nergal at some point.
Tower Hill
Tower Hill is the area surrounding the Tower of London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is infamous for the public execution of high status prisoners from the late 14th to the mid 18th century. The execution site on the higher ground north-west of the Tower of London moat is now occupied by Trinity Square Gardens.

Tower Hill rises from the north bank of the River Thames to reach a maximum height of 14.5 metres (48 ft) Ordnance Datum. The land was historically part of the Liberties of the Tower of London, an area the Tower authorities controlled to keep clear of any development which would reduce the defensibility of the Tower. Building has encroached to a degree, but a legacy of this control is that much of the hill is still open. The hill includes land on either side of the London Wall, a large remnant of which is visible.

Liberties of the Tower of London
The Liberties of the Tower, or the Tower Liberty, was a liberty in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, Central London, which includes both Tower Hill and the Tower of London. The area was defined sometime after 1200 to provide an open area around the Tower to ensure its defensibility. The liberty was an independent administrative unit from then until it was formally abolished on 25 June 1894. The district maintains a ceremonial existence, with its custom of beating the bounds being a particularly well known example of the tradition.
South Carolina Highway 315
South Carolina Highway 315 (SC 315) is a 6.067-mile (9.764 km) state highway, serving as a more direct route between Savannah, Georgia and several Lowcountry communities in the U.S. state of South Carolina through southern Jasper County. Once the original alignment of SC 170 (until 1994) and SC 170 Alternate (SC 170 Alt.), this route was renumbered in 2010 to clarify conflicting and confusing route alignments. The route, known for the entire length as South Okatie Highway, also serves the unincorporated community of Levy.

South Carolina Highway 170
South Carolina Highway 170 (SC 170) is a 49.010-mile (78.874 km) state highway, connecting northern Beaufort County with southern portions of Beaufort and Jasper counties. Due to increased population growth in both areas, the majority of the road is four lanes wide, with certain areas retaining the original two-lane configuration.
Honeylands
The Honeylands, originally the Honeylands Children's Sanatorium and later the Honeylands Children's Centre was a hospital in Exeter, Devon used as a children's pulmonary tuberculosis sanatorium, later used for treatment of children with learning difficulties. Adults were treated at the nearby Whipton Hospital.

Whipton Hospital
Whipton Hospital is a small community hospital, also known as the Exeter Community Hospital (Whipton). It was founded as the Whipton Isolation Hospital in 1913 as a pulmonary tuberculosis sanatorium as part of a network of such facilities, instigated by the Public Health (Tuberculosis Regulations) 1912.

The hospital now offers satellite services for a number of local healthcare organisations including the Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust and the Devon Partnership NHS Trust.
Grantham railway station
Grantham railway station is a stop on the East Coast Main Line, serving the market town of Grantham, in Lincolnshire, England. It lies 105 miles 38 chains (169.7 km) down the line from London King's Cross; on the main line, it is situated between Peterborough to the south and Newark Northgate to the north. Two secondary lines diverge from the main line north of Grantham: the Poacher Line to Skegness and a branch line to Nottingham.

Skegness railway station
Skegness railway station serves the seaside resort of Skegness in Lincolnshire, England, at the eastern terminus of the Poacher Line. The station is now owned by Network Rail and managed by East Midlands Railway, which operates all services that run to and from Nottingham.
Nine Saints
The Nine Saints were a group of missionaries who were important in the initial growth of Christianity in what is now Ethiopia during the late 5th century. The names of the Nine Saints are:

Abba Aftse

Abba Alef

Abba Aragawi

Abba Garima (Isaac or Yeshaq)

Abba Guba

Abba Liqanos

Abba Pantelewon

Abba Tsahma

Abba Yem'ata

Rugare Rukuni and Erna Oliver identify the Nine Saints as Jewish Christians, and attribute the Judaic character of Ethiopian Christianity, in part, to their influence.: 6, 8

Abba Tsahma
Abba Tsahma or Sähma  (probably fl. late 400s and early 500s A.D.) was one of the Nine Saints of Ethiopia. He was known as a scholar.

Abba Tsahma may have originally been from Antioch. He later moved to Sädénya, Ethiopia.

His feast day is on 16 Ter (24 January).
Alstad, Norway
Alstad or Frosta is the administrative centre of Frosta Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located in the central part of the Frosta peninsula, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of the town of Levanger. The smaller village of Logtun lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southwest of Frosta.

The 0.56-square-kilometre (140-acre) village had a population (2020) of 574 and a population density of 1,025 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,650/sq mi). Since 2020, the population and area data for this village area has not been separately tracked by Statistics Norway.

Frosta Municipality
Frosta is the smallest municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The administrative centre is the village of Alstad (also known as Frosta). Other villages in Frosta include Logtun, Nordfjæra, Småland, Sørgrenda, and Tautra. The municipality is located along the Trondheimsfjord, on the Frosta peninsula, northeast of the city of Trondheim. It also includes the island of Tautra which is connected to the mainland by a 2.5-kilometre (1.6 mi) causeway bridge.

The 76-square-kilometre (29 sq mi) municipality is the 338th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Frosta Municipality is the 247th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,645. The municipality's population density is 34.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (90/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 0.3% over the previous 10-year period.
Fátima de Madrid
Fátima de Madrid is the name given to an Arab Muslim astronomer and mathematician who supposedly lived during the late 10th and early 11th centuries in Islamic Spain. She was purportedly the daughter of the astronomer Maslama al-Majriti, with whom she is said to have worked on several astronomical and mathematical treatises, including the astronomical tables of Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi. The earliest known account of her is the 1924 edition of the Enciclopedia Espasa-Calpe, and historians have cast doubt on whether she actually existed.

Maslama al-Majriti
Abu al-Qasim Maslama ibn Ahmad al-Majriti (Arabic: أبو القاسم مسلمة بن أحمد المجريطي: c. 950–1007), known in European Latin-language sources as Methilem, was a Muslim Arab astronomer, alchemist, mathematician, economist and scholar in al-Andalus, active during the reign of Al-Hakam II. His full name is Abu 'l-Qāsim Maslama ibn Aḥmad al-Faraḍī al-Ḥāsib al-Maj̲rīṭī al-Qurṭubī al-Andalusī.
Murad IV
Murad IV (Ottoman Turkish: مراد رابع, Murād-ı Rābiʿ; Turkish: IV. Murad, 27 July 1612 – 8  February 1640) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1623 to 1640, known both for restoring the authority of the state and for the brutality of his methods. Murad IV was born in Constantinople, the son of Sultan Ahmed I (r. 1603–17) and Kösem Sultan. He was brought to power by a palace conspiracy when he was just 11 years old, and he succeeded his uncle Mustafa I (r. 1617–18, 1622–23). Until he assumed absolute power on 18 May 1632, the empire was ruled by his mother, Kösem Sultan, as nāʾib-i salṭanat (regent). His reign is most notable for the Ottoman–Safavid War, of which the outcome would partition the Caucasus between the two Imperial powers for around two centuries, while it also roughly laid the foundation for the current Turkey–Iran–Iraq borders.

Ahmed I
Ahmed I (Ottoman Turkish: احمد اول Aḥmed-i evvel; Turkish: I. Ahmed; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 to 1617. Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal fratricide; henceforth, Ottoman rulers would no longer systematically execute their brothers upon accession to the throne. He is also well known for his construction of the Blue Mosque, one of the most famous mosques in Turkey.
Elizabeth Blackmar
Elizabeth Blackmar is an American historian, author, and professor who specializes in the social history of the American economy and infrastructure. Blackmar is known for her book The Park and the People: A History of Central Park co-written with Roy Rosenzweig. She is the Mary and David Boies Professor of American History at Columbia University.

Roy Rosenzweig
Roy Alan Rosenzweig (August 6, 1950 – October 11, 2007) was an American historian. He was the founder and director of the Center for History and New Media at George Mason University from 1994 until his death in October 2007 from lung cancer, aged 57. After his death, the center was renamed the Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media in his honor.